Chide, n. Etym: [AS. cid]

Defn: A continuous noise or murmur.
The chide of streams. Thomson.

CHIDER
Chid"er, n.

Defn: One who chides or quarrels. Shak.

CHIDERESS
Chid"er*ess, n.

Defn: She who chides. [Obs.]

CHIDESTER
Chide"ster, n. Etym: [Chide + -ster.]

Defn: A female scold. [Obs.]

CHIDINGLY
Chid"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a chiding or reproving manner.

CHIEF
Chief, n. Etym: [OE. chief, chef, OF. chief, F. chef, fr. L. caput
head, possibly akin to E. head. Cf. Captain, Chapter]

1. The head or leader of any body of men; a commander, as of an army;
a head man, as of a tribe, clan, or family; a person in authority who
directs the work of others; the pricipal actio or agent.

2. The principal part; the most valuable portion.
The chief of the things which should be utterly destroyed.1. Sam. xv.
21

3. (Her.)

Defn: The upper third part of the field. It is supposed to be
composed of the dexter, sinister, and middle chiefs. In chief. (a) At
the head; as, a commander in chief. (b) (Eng. Law) From the king, or
sovereign; as, tenure in chief, tenure directly from the king.

Syn.
 -- Chieftain; captain; general; commander; leader; head; principal;
sachem; sagamore; sheik.
 -- Chief, chieftain, Commander, Leader. These words fluctuate
somewhat in their meaning according to circumstances, but agree in
the general idea of rule and authority. The term chief is now more
usually applied to one who is a head man, leader, or commander in
civil or military affairs, or holds a hereditary or acquired rank in
a tribe or clan; as, the chief of police; the chief of an Indian
tribe. A chieftain is the chief of a clan or tribe , or a military
leader. A commander directs the movements of or has control over a
body of men, as a military or naval force. A leader is one whom men
follow, as in a political party, a legislative body, a military or
scientific expedition, etc., one who takes the command and gives
direction in particular enterprises.

CHIEF
Chief, a.

1. Highest in office or rank; principal; head. "Chief rulers." John.
xii. 42.

2. Principal or most eminent in any quality or action; most
distinguished; having most influence; taking the lead; most
important; as, the chief topic of conversation; the chief interest of
man.

3. Very intimate, near, or close. [Obs.]
A whisperer separateth chief friends. Prov. xvi. 28.

Syn.
 -- Principal; head; leading; main; paramount; supreme; prime; vital;
especial; great; grand; eminent; master.

CHIEFAGE
Chief"age, n. Etym: [OF. chevage, fr. chief head. See Chief.]

Defn: A tribute by the head; a capitation tax. [Written also chevage
and chivage.] [Obs.]

CHIEF BARON
Chief" bar"on. (Eng. Law)

Defn: The presiding judge of the court of exchequer.

CHIEFEST
Chief"est, a. Etym: [Superl. of Chief.]

Defn: First or foremost; chief; principal. [Archaic] "Our chiefest
courtier." Shak.
The chiefest among ten thousand. Canticles v. 10.

CHIEF HARE
Chief" hare`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small rodent (Lagamys princeps) inhabiting the summits of the
Rocky Mountains; -- also called crying hare, calling hare, cony,
American pika, and little chief hare.

Note: It is not a true hare or rabbit, but belongs to the curious
family Lagomyidæ.

CHIEF JUSTICE
Chief" jus"tice.

Defn: The presiding justice, or principal judge, of a court. Lord
Chief Justice of England, The presiding judge of the Queen's Bench
Division of the High Court of Justice. The highest judicial officer
of the realm is the Lord High Chancellor.
 -- Chief Justice of the United States, the presiding judge of the
Supreme Court, and Highest judicial officer of the republic.

CHIEF-JUSTICESHIP
Chief"-jus"tice*ship, n.

Defn: The office of chief justice.
Jay selected the chief-justiceship as most in accordance with his
tastes. The Century.

CHIEFLESS
Chief"less, a.

Defn: Without a chief or leader.

CHIEFLY
Chief"ly, adv.

1. In the first place; principally; preëminently; above; especially.
Search through this garden; leave unsearched no nook; But chiefly
where those two fair creatures lodge. Milton.

2. For the most part; mostly.
Those parts of the kingdom where the . . . estates of the dissenters
chiefly lay. Swift.

CHIEFRIE
Chief"rie, n.

Defn: A small rent paid to the lord paramount. [Obs.] Swift.

CHIEFTAIN
Chief"tain, n. Etym: [OE. cheftayn, chevetayn, OF. chevetain, F.
capitaine, LL. capitanus, fr. L. caput head. Cf. Captain, and see
chief.]

Defn: A captain, leader, or commander; a chief; the head of a troop,
army, or clan.

Syn.
 -- Chief; commander; leader; head. See Chief.

CHIEFTAINCY; CHIEFTAINSHIP
Chief"tain*cy, Chief"tain*ship, n.

Defn: The rank, dignity, or office of a chieftain.

CHIERTE
Chier"te, n. Etym: [OF. cherté. See Charity.]

Defn: Love; tender regard. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHIEVANCE
Chiev"ance, n. Etym: [OF. chevance property, equiv. To chevisance,
fr. chevir to accomplish. See Chevisance.]

Defn: An unlawful bargain; traffic in which money is exported as
discount. [Obs.] Bacon.

CHIEVE
Chieve, v. i.

Defn: See Cheve, v. i. [Obs.]

CHIFF-CHAFF
Chiff"-chaff (, n. Etym: [So called from its note.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of European warbler (Sylvia hippolais); -- called
also chip-chap, and pettychaps.

CHIFFON
Chif`fon", n. [F., lit., rag. See Chiffonier.]

1.

Defn: Any merely ornamental adjunct of a woman's dress, as a bunch of
ribbon, lace, etc.

2.  A kind of soft gauzy material used for ruches, trimmings, etc.

CHIFFONIER; CHIFFONIERE
Chif`fo*nier", fem. Chif`fo-nière", n. Etym: [F. chiffonnier, fem.
chiffonnière, fr. chiffon rag, fr. chiffe a rag, fimsy cloth.]

1. One who gathers rags and odds and ends; a ragpicker.

2. A receptacle for rags or shreds.

3. A movable and ornamental closet or piece of furniture with shelves
or drawers. G. Eliot.

CHIGNON
Chi"gnon (, n. Etym: [F., prop. equiv. to chaînon link, fr. chaîne
chain, fr. L. catena Cf. Chain.]

Defn: A knot, boss, or mass of hair, natural or artificial, worn by a
woman at the back of the head.
A curl that had strayed from her chignon. H. James.

CHIGOE; CHIGRE
Chig"oe, Chig"re, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chigue, perh. fr. Catalan chic
small, Sp. chico; or of Peruvian origin.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A species of flea (Pulex penetrans), common in the West Indies
and South America, which often attacks the feet or any exposed part
of the human body, and burrowing beneath the skin produces great
irritation. When the female is allowed to remain and breed,
troublesome sores result, which are sometimes dangerous. See Jigger.
[Written also chegre, chegoe, chique, chigger, jigger.]

Note: The name is sometimes erroneously given to certain mites or
ticks having similar habits.

CHIH FU
Chih" fu`. [Chin. chih fu, lit., (He who) knows (the) prefecture.]

Defn: An official administering a prefecture of China; a prefect,
supervising the civil business of the hsiens or districts comprised
in his fu (which see).

CHIH HSIEN
Chih" hsien`. [Chin. chih hsien, lit., (He who) knows (the)
district.]

Defn: An official having charge of a hsien, or administrative
district, in China; a district magistrate, responsible for good order
in his hsien (which see), and having jurisdiction in its civil and
criminal cases.

CHIH TAI
Chih" tai`. [Chin. chih to govern + t"ai an honorary title.]

Defn: A Chinese governor general; a tsung tu (which see).

CHIKARA
Chi*ka"ra (, n. Etym: [Hind.] (Zoöl.)
(a) The Ingoat antelope (Tragops Bennettii) Of India.
(b) The Indian four-horned antelope (Tetraceros quadricornis).

CHILBLAIN
Chil"blain`, n. Etym: [Chill + Blain.]

Defn: A blain, sore, or inflammatory swelling, produced by exposure
of the feet or hands to cold, and attended by itching, pain, and
sometimes ulceration.

CHILBLAIN
Chil"blain`, v. t.

Defn: To produce chilblains upon.

CHILD
Child, n.; pl. Children. Etym: [AS. cild, pl. cildru; cf. Goth.
kilÞei womb, in-kilÞ\'d3 with child.]

1. A son or a daughter; a male or female descendant, in the first
degree; the immediate progeny of human parents; -- in law, legitimate
offspring. Used also of animals and plants.

2. A descendant, however remote; -- used esp. in the plural; as, the
children of Israel; the children of Edom.

3. One who, by character of practice, shows signs of relationship to,
or of the influence of, another; one closely connected with a place,
occupation, character, etc.; as, a child of God; a child of the
devil; a child of disobedience; a child of toil; a child of the
people.

4. A noble youth. See Childe. [Obs.] Chaucer.

5. A young person of either sex. esp. one between infancy and youth;
hence, one who exhibits the characteristics of a very young person,
as innocence, obedience, trustfulness, limited understanding, etc.
When I was child. I spake as a child, I understood as a child, I
thought as a child; but when I became a man, I put away childish
things. 1. Cor. xii. 11.

6. A female infant. [Obs.]
A boy or a child, I wonder Shak.
To be with child, to be pregnant.
 -- Child's play, light work; a trifling contest.

CHILD
Child, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Childed; p. pr. & vb. n. Childing.]

Defn: To give birth; to produce young.
This queen Genissa childing died. Warner.
It chanced within two days they childed both. Latimer.

CHILDBEARING
Child"bear`ing, n.

Defn: The act of producing or bringing forth children; parturition.
Milton. Addison.

CHILDBED
Child"bed, n.

Defn: The state of a woman bringing forth a child, or being in labor;
parturition.

CHILDBIRTH
Child"birth, n.

Defn: The act of bringing forth a child; travail; labor. Jer. Taylor.

CHILDCROWING
Child"crow`ing, n. (Med.)

Defn: The crowing noise made by children affected with spasm of the
laryngeal muscles; false croup.

CHILDE
Childe, n.

Defn: A cognomen formerly prefixed to his name by the oldest son,
until he succeeded to his ancestral titles, or was knighted; as,
Childe Roland.

CHILDED
Child"ed, a.

Defn: Furnished with a child. [Obs.]

CHILDERMAS DAY
Chil"dermas day`. Etym: [AS. cildamæsse-dæg; cild child +dæg day.]
(Eccl.)

Defn: A day (December 28) observed by mass or festival in
commemoration of the children slain by Herod at Bethlehem; -- called
also Holy Innocent's Day.

CHILDHOOD
Child"hood, n. Etym: [AS. cildhad; cild child + -had. See Child, and
hood.]

1. The state of being a child; the time in which persons are
children; the condition or time from infancy to puberty.
I have walked before you from my childhood. 1. Sam. xii. 2.

2. Children, taken collectively. [R.]
The well-governed childhood of this realm. Sir. W. Scott.

3. The commencement; the first period.
The childhood of our joy. Shak.
Second childhood, the state of being feeble and incapable from old
age.

CHILDING
Child"ing, a. Etym: [See Child, v. i.]

Defn: Bearing Children; (Fig.) productive; fruitful. [R.] Shak.

CHILDISH
Child"ish, a.

1. Of, pertaining to, befitting, or resembling, a child. "Childish
innocence." Macaulay.

2. Peurile; trifling; weak.
Methinks that simplicity in her countenance is rather childish than
innocent. Addison.

Note: Childish, as applied tc persons who are grown up, is in a
disparaging sense; as, a childish temper.

CHILDISHLY
Child"ish*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a child; in a trifling way; in a weak or
foolish manner.

CHILDISHNESS
Child"ish*ness, n.

Defn: The state or quality of being childish; simplicity;
harmlessness; weakness of intellect.

CHILDLESSNESS
Child"less*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being childless.

CHILDLIKE
Child"like, a.

Defn: Resembling a child, or that which belongs to children; becoming
a child; meek; submissive; dutiful. "Childlike obedience." Hooker.

Note: Childlike, as applied to persons grown up, is commonly in a
good sense; as, childlike grace or simplicity; childlike modesty.

CHILDLY
Child"ly, a.

Defn: Having tthe character of a child; belonging, or appropriate, to
a child. Gower.

CHILDLY
Child"ly, adv.

Defn: Like a child. Mrs. Browning.

CHILDNESS
Child"ness, n.

Defn: The manner characteristic of a child. [Obs.] "Varying
childness." Shak.

CHILDREN
Chil"dren, n.;

Defn: pl. of Child.

CHILDSHIP
Child"ship, n.

Defn: The state or relation of being a child.

CHILD STUDY
Child study.

Defn: A scientific study of children, undertaken for the purpose of
discovering the laws of development of the body and the mind from
birth to manhood.

CHILEAN
Chil"e*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Chile.

CHILEAN
Chil"e*an, n.

Defn: A native or resident of Chile; Chilian.

CHILEAN PINE
Chilean pine. (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Monkey-puzzle.

CHILI
Chil"i, n. Etym: [Sp. chili, chile.]

Defn: A kind of red pepper. See Capsicum [Written also chilli and
chile.]

CHILIAD
Chil"i*ad, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A thousand; the aggregate of a thousand things; especially, a
period of a thousand years.
The world, then in the seventh chiliad, will be assumed up unto God.
Sir. T. More.

CHILIAGON
Chil"i*a*gon, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A plane figure of a thousand angles and sides. Barlow.

CHILIAHEDRON
Chil"i*a*hedron, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A figure bounded by a thousand plane surfaces [Spelt also
chiliaëdron.]

CHILIAN
Chil"i*an, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to Chili.
 -- n.

Defn: A native or citizen of Chili.

CHILIAN; CHILIARCH
Chil"i*an, Chil"i*arch`, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The commander or chief of a thousand men.

CHILIARCHY
Chil"i*arch`y, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A body consisting of a thousand men. Mitford.

CHILIASM
Chil"i*asm, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. The millennium.

2. The doctrine of the personal reign of Christ on earth during the
millennium.

CHILIAST
Chil"i*ast, n. Etym: [Gr. Chiliasm.]

Defn: One who believes in the second coming of Christ to reign on
earth a thousand years; a milllenarian.

CHILIASTIC
Chili*astic, a.

Defn: Millenarian. "The obstruction offered by the chiliastic
errors." J. A. Alexander.

CHILL
Chill, n. Etym: [AS. cele, cyle, from the same root as celan, calan,
to be cold; akin to D. kil cold, coldness, Sw. kyla to chill, and E.
cool. See Cold, and cf. Cool.]

1. A moderate but disagreeable degree of cold; a disagreeable
sensation of coolness, accompanied with shivering. "[A] wintry
chill." W. Irving.

2. (Med.)

Defn: A sensation of cold with convulsive shaking of the body,
pinched face, pale skin, and blue lips, caused by undue cooling of
the body or by nervous excitement, or forming the precursor of some
constitutional disturbance, as of a fever.

3. A check to enthusiasm or warmth of feeling; discouragement; as, a
chill comes over an assemblly.

4. An iron mold or portion of a mold, serving to cool rapidly, and so
to harden, the surface of molten iron brought in contact with it.
Raymond.

5. The hardened part of a casting, as the tread of a car wheel.
Knight. Chill and fever, fever and ague.

CHILL
Chill, a.

1. Moderately cold; tending to cause shivering; chilly; raw.
Noisome winds, and blasting vapors chill. Milton.

2. Affected by cold. "My veins are chill." Shak.

3. Characterized by coolness of manner, feeling, etc.; lacking
enthusiasm or warmth; formal; distant; as, a chill reception.

4. Discouraging; depressing; dispiriting.

CHILL
Chill, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chilled (chìld); p. pr. & vb. n.
Chilling.]

1. To strike with a chill; to make chilly; to cause to shiver; to
affect with cold.
When winter chilled the day. Goldsmith.

2. To check enthusiasm or warmth of feeling of; to depress; to
discourage.
Every thought on God chills the gayety of his spirits. Rogers.

3. (Metal.)

Defn: To produce, by sudden cooling, a change of crystallization at
or near the surface of, so as to increase the hardness; said of cast
iron.

CHILL
Chill, v. i. (Metal.)

Defn: To become surface-hardened by sudden cooling while solidifying;
as, some kinds of cast iron chill to a greater depth than others.

CHILLED
Chilled, a.

1. Hardened on the surface or edge by chilling; as, chilled iron; a
chilled wheel.

2. (Paint.)

Defn: Having that cloudiness or dimness of surface that is called
"blooming."

CHILLI
Chil"li, n.

Defn: See Chili.

CHILLINESS
Chill"i*ness, n.

1. A state or sensation of being chilly; a disagreeable sensation of
coldness.

2. A moderate degree of coldness; disagreeable coldness or rawness;
as, the chilliness of the air.

3. Formality; lack of warmth.

CHILLING
Chill"ing, a.

Defn: Making chilly or cold; depressing; discouraging; cold; distant;
as, a chilling breeze; a chilling manner.
 -- Chill"ing"ly, adv.

CHILLNESS
Chill"ness, n.

Defn: Coolness; coldness; a chill.
Death is the chillness that precedes the dawn. Longfellow.

CHILLY
Chill"y, a.

Defn: Moderately cold; cold and raw or damp so as to cause shivering;
causing or feeling a disagreeable sensation of cold, or a shivering.

CHILOGNATH
Chi"log*nath, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A myriapod of the order Chilognatha.

CHILOGNATHA
Chi*log"na*tha, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the two principal orders of myriapods. They have
numerous segments, each bearing two pairs of small, slender legs,
which are attached ventrallly, near together.

CHILOMA
Chi*lo"ma, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -oma.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The tumid upper lip of certain mammals, as of a camel.

CHILOPOD
Chi"lo*pod, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A myriapod of the order Chilopoda.

CHILOPODA
Chi*lop"o*da, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -poda.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the orders of myriapods, including the centipeds. They
have a single pair of elongated legs attached laterally to each
segment; well developed jaws; and a pair of thoracic legs converted
into poison fangs. They are insectivorous, very active, and some
species grow to the length of a foot.

CHILOSTOMA; CHILOSTOMATA
Chi*los"to*ma, Chi*lo*stom"a*ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An extensive suborder of marine Bryozoa, mostly with calcareous
shells. They have a movable lip and a lid to close the aperture of
the cells. [Also written Chillostomata.]

CHILOSTOMATOUS
Chi`lo*stoma*tous, a. (Zoöl.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to the Chilostoma.

CHILTERN HUNDREDS
Chiltern Hundreds. Etym: [AS. Chiltern the Chiltern, high hills in
Buckinghamshire, perh. Fr. ceald cold + ern, ærn, place.]

Defn: A tract of crown land in Buckinghamshire and Oxfordshire,
England, to which is attached the nominal office of steward. As
members of Parliament cannot resign, when they wish to go out they
accept this stewardship, which legally vacates their seats.

CHIMAERA
Chi*mæ"ra, n. Etym: [NL. See Chimera.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A cartilaginous fish of several species, belonging to the order
Holocephali. The teeth are few and large. The head is furnished with
appendages, and the tail terminates in a point.

CHIMAEROID
Chi*mæ"roid, a. Etym: [Chimæra + old.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Related to, or like, the chimæra.

CHIMANGO
Chi*man"go Etym: [Native name] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A south American carrion buzzard (Milvago chimango). See
Caracara.

CHIMB
Chimb (chim), n. Etym: [AS. cim, in cimstan base of a pillar; akin to
D. kim, f. Sw. kim., G. kimme f.]

Defn: The edge of a cask, etc; a chine. See Chine, n., 3. [Written
also hime.]

CHIMB
Chimb, v. i.

Defn: Chime. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHIME
Chime, n. Etym: [See Chimb.]

Defn: See Chine, n., 3.

CHIME
Chime, n. Etym: [OE. chimbe, prop., cymbal, OF. cymbe, cymble, in a
dialectic form, chymble, F. cymbale, L. cymbalum, fr. Gr. Cymbal.]

1. The harmonious sound of bells, or of musical instruments.
Instruments that made melodius chime. Milton.

2. A set of bells musically tuned to each other; specif., in the pl.,
the music performed on such a set of bells by hand, or produced by
mechanism to accompany the striking of the hours or their divisions.
We have heard the chimes at midnight. Shak.

3. Pleasing correspondence of proportion, relation, or sound. "Chimes
of verse." Cowley.

CHIME
Chime, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chimed; p. pr. & vb. n. Chiming.] Etym:
[See Chime, n.]

1. To sound in harmonious accord, as bells.

2. To be in harmony; to agree; to sut; to harmonize; to correspond;
to fall in with.
Everything chimed in with such a humor. W. irving.

3. To join in a conversation; to express assent; -- followed by in or
in with. [Colloq.]

4. To make a rude correspondence of sounds; to jingle, as in rhyming.
Cowley

CHIME
Chime, v. i.

1. To cause to sound in harmony; to play a tune, as upon a set of
bells; to move or strike in harmony.
And chime their sounding hammers. Dryden.

2. To utter harmoniously; to recite rhythmically.
Chime his childish verse. Byron.

CHIMER
Chim"er, n.

Defn: One who chimes.

CHIMERA
Chime"ra, n.; pl. Chimeras. Etym: [L. chimaera a chimera (in sense
1), Gr. qymbr a yearling ewe.]

1. (Myth.)

Defn: A monster represented as vomiting flames, and as having the
head of a lion, the body of a goat, and the tail of a dragon. "Dire
chimeras and enchanted isles." Milton.

2. A vain, foolish, or incongruous fancy, or creature of the
imagination; as, the chimera of an author. Burke.

CHIMERE
Chi*mere", n. Etym: [OF. chamarre., F. simarre (cf. It. zimarra), fr.
Sp. chamarra, zamarra, a coat made of sheepskins, a sheepskin, perh.
from Ar. sammur the Scythian weasel or marten, the sable. Cf.
Simarre.]

Defn: The upper robe worn by a bishop, to which lawn sleeves are
usually attached. Hook.

CHIMERIC
Chi*mer"ic, a.

Defn: Chimerical.

CHIMERICAL
Chi*mer"ic*al, a.

Defn: Merely imaginary; fanciful; fantastic; wildly or vainly
conceived; having, or capable of having, no existence except in
thought; as, chimerical projects.

Syn.
 -- Imaginary; fanciful; fantastic; wild; unfounded; vain; deceitful;
delusive.

CHIMERICALLY
Chi*mer"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: Wildy; vainly; fancifully.

CHIMINAGE
Chim"i*nage, n. Etym: [OF. cheminage, fr. chemin way, road.] (Old
Law)

Defn: A toll for passage through a forest. [Obs.] Cowell.

CHIMNEY
Chim"ney, n.; pl. Chimneys. Etym: [F. cheminée, LL. caminata, fr. L.
caminus furnace, fireplace, Gr.

1. A fireplace or hearth. [Obs.] Sir W. Raleigh.

2. That part of a building which contains the smoke flues; esp. an
upright tube or flue of brick or stone, in most cases extending
through or above the roof of the building. Often used instead of
chimney shaft.
Hard by a cottage chimney smokes. Milton.

3. A tube usually of glass, placed around a flame, as of a lamp, to
create a draft, and promote combustion.

4. (Min.)

Defn: A body of ore, usually of elongated form, extending downward in
a vein. Raymond. Chimney board, a board or screen used to close a
fireplace; a fireboard.
 -- Chimney cap, a device to improve the draught of a chimney, by
presenting an exit aperture always to leeward.
 -- Chimney corner, the space between the sides of the fireplace and
the fire; hence, the fireside.
 -- Chimney hook, a hook for holding pats and kettles over a fire, --
Chimney money, hearth money, a duty formerly paid in England for each
chimney.
 -- Chimney pot (Arch.), a cylinder of earthenware or sheet metal
placed at the top of a chimney which rises above the roof.
 -- Chimney swallow. (Zoöl.) (a) An American swift (Chæture
pelasgica) which lives in chimneys. (b) In England, the common
swallow (Hirundo rustica).
 -- Chimney sweep, Chimney sweeper, one who cleans chimneys of soot;
esp. a boy who climbs the flue, and brushes off the soot.

CHIMNEY-BREAST
Chim"ney-breast`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: The horizontal projection of a chimney from the wall in which
it is built; -- commonly applied to its projection in the inside of a
building only.

CHIMNEY-PIECE
Chim"ney-piece`, n. (Arch.)

Defn: A decorative construction around the opning of a fireplace.

CHIMPANZEE
Chim*pan"zee, n. Etym: [From the native name: cf. F. chimpanzé,
chimpansé, chimpanzée.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: An african ape (Anthropithecus troglodytes or Troglodytes
niger) which approaches more nearly to man, in most respects, than
any other ape. When full grown, it is from three to four feet high.

CHIN
Chin, n. Etym: [AS. cin, akin to OS. kin, G kinn, Icel. kinn, cheek,
Dan. & Sw. kind, L. gena, Gr. hanu. *232.]

1. The lower extremity of the face below the mouth; the point of the
under jaw.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The exterior or under surface embraced between the branches of
the lower jaw bone, in birds.

CHINA
Chi"na, n.

1. A country in Eastern Asia.

2. China ware, which is the modern popular term for porcelain. See
Porcelain. China aster (Bot.), a well-known garden flower and plant.
See Aster.
 -- China bean. See under Bean, 1.
 -- China clay See Kaolin.
 -- China grass, Same as Ramie.
 -- China ink. See India ink.
 -- China pink (Bot.), an anual or biennial species of Dianthus (D.
Chiensis) having variously colored single or double flowers; Indian
pink.
 -- China root (Med.), the rootstock of a species of Smilax (S.
China, from the East Indies; -- formerly much esteemed for the
purposes that sarsaparilla is now used for. Also the galanga root
(from Alpinia Gallanga and Alpinia officinarum).
 -- China rose. (Bot.) (a) A popular name for several free-blooming
varieties of rose derived from the Rosa Indica, and perhaps other
species. (b) A flowering hothouse plant (Hibiscus Rosa-Sinensis) of
the Mallow family, common in the gardens of China and the east
Indies.
 -- China shop, a shop or store for the sale of China ware or of
crockery.
 -- China ware, porcelain; -- so called in the 17th century because
brought from the far East, and differing from the pottery made in
Europa at that time; also, loosely, crockery in general.
 -- Pride of China, China tree. (Bot.) See Azedarach.

CHINALDINE
Chin*al"dine, n. Etym: [NL. chinium quinine + aldehyde.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Quinaldine.

CHINAMAN
Chi"na*man, n.; pl. Chinamen (.

Defn: A native of China; a Chinese.

CHINCAPIN
Chin"ca*pin, n.

Defn: See Chinquapin.

CHINCH
Chinch, n. Etym: [Cf. Sp. chinche, fr. L. cimex.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The bedbug (Cimex lectularius).

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A bug (Blissus leucopterus), which, in the United States, is
very destructive to grass, wheat, and other grains; -- also called
chiniz, chinch bug, chink bug. It resembles the bedbug in its
disgusting odor.

CHINCHA
Chin"cha, n. Etym: [Cf. Chinchilla.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A south American rodent of the genus Lagotis.

CHINCHE
Chinche, a. Etym: [F. chiche miserly.]

Defn: Parsimonious; niggardly. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHINCHERIE
Chinch"er*ie, n.

Defn: Penuriousness. [Obs.]
By cause of his skarsete and chincherie. Caucer.

CHINCHILLA
Chin*chil"la, n. Etym: [Sp.]

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small rodent (Chinchilla lanigera), of the size of a large
squirrel, remarkable for its fine fur, which is very soft and of a
pearly gray color. It is a native of Peru and Chili.

2. The fur of the chinchilla.

3. A heavy, longnapped, tufted woolen cloth.

CHINCHONA; CHINCONA
Chin*cho"na, Chin*co"na.

Defn: See Cinchona.

CHIN COUGH
Chin" cough". Etym: [For chink cough; cf. As. cincung long laughter,
Scot. kink a violent fit of coughing, akin to MHG. kichen to pant.
Cf. Kinknaust, Cough.]

Defn: Whooping cough.

CHINE
Chine, n. Etym: [Cf. Chink.]

Defn: A chink or cleft; a narrow and deep ravine; as, Shanklin Chine
in the Isle of Wight, a quarter of a mile long and 230 feet deep.
[Prov. Eng.] "The cottage in a chine." J. Ingelow.

CHINE
Chine, n.Etym: [OF. eschine, F. échine, fr. OHG. skina needle,
prickle, shin, G. schiene splint, schienbein shin. For the meaning
cf. L. spina thorn, prickle, or spine, the backbone. Cf. Shin.]

1. The backbone or spine of an animal; the back. "And chine with
rising bristles roughly spread." Dryden.

2. A piece of the backbone of an animal, with the adjoining parts,
cut for cooking.

Note: [See Illust. of Beef.]

3. The edge or rim of a cask, etc., formed by the projecting ends of
the staves; the chamfered end of a stave.

CHINE
Chine, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chined.]

1. To cut through the backbone of; to cut into chine pieces.

2. Too chamfer the ends of a stave and form the chine..

CHINED
Chined, a.

1. Pertaining to, or having, a chine, or backbone; -- used in
composition. Beau. & Fl.

2. Broken in the back. [Obs.]
He's chined, goodman. Beau. & Fl.

CHINESE
Chi"nese", a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to China; peculiar to China. Chinese paper.
See India paper, under India.
 -- Chinese wax, a snowy-wgite, waxlike substance brought from China.
It is the bleached secretion of certain insects of the family Coccidæ
especially Coccus Sinensis.

CHINESE
Chi*nese", n. sing. & pl.

1. A native or natives of China, or one of that yellow race with
oblique eyelids who live principally in China.

2. sing.

Defn: The language of China, which is monosyllabic.

Note: Chineses was used as a plural by the contemporaries of
Shakespeare and Milton.

CHINESE EXCLUSION ACT
Chinese Exclusion Act.

Defn: Any of several acts forbidding the immigration of Chinese
laborers into the United States, originally from 1882 to 1892 by act
of May 6, 1882, then from 1892 to 1902 by act May 5, 1892. By act of
April 29, 1902, all existing legislation on the subject was reënacted
and continued, and made applicable to the insular possessions of the
United States.

CHINK
Chink, n. Etym: [OE. chine, AS. cine fissure, chink, fr. cinan to
gape; akin to Goth. Keinan to sprout, G. keimen. Cf. Chit.]

Defn: A small cleft, rent, or fissure, of greater length than
breadth; a gap or crack; as, the chinks of wall.
Through one cloudless chink, in a black, stormy sky. Shines out the
dewy morning star. Macaulay.

CHINK
Chink, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chinked; p. pr. & vb. n. Chinking.]

Defn: To crack; to open.

CHINK
Chink, v. t.

1. To cause to open in cracks or fissures.

2. To fill up the chinks of; as, to chink a wall.

CHINK
Chink, n. Etym: [Of imitative origin. Cf. Jingle.]

1. A short, sharp sound, as of metal struck with a slight degree of
violence. "Chink of bell." Cowper.

2. Money; cash. [Cant] "To leave his chink to better hands."
Somerville.

CHINK
Chink, v. t.

Defn: To cause to make a sharp metallic sound, as coins, small pieces
of metal, etc., by bringing them into collision with each other.
Pope.

CHINK
Chink, v. i.

Defn: To make a slight, sharp, metallic sound, as by the collision of
little pieces of money, or other small sonorous bodies. Arbuthnot.

CHINKY
Chink"y, a.

Defn: Full of chinks or fissures; gaping; opening in narrow clefts.
Dryden.

CHINNED
Chinned, a.

Defn: Having a chin; -- used chiefly in compounds; as, short-chinned.

CHINOIDINE
Chi*noid"ine, n. Etym: [NL. chinium quinine (cf. G. & F. china
Peruvian bark) + --oil + -ine.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Quinodine.

CHINOISERIE
Chi`noi`se*rie" (she`nwa`z'*re"), n. [F.]

Defn: Chinese conduct, art, decoration, or the like; also, a specimen
of Chinese manners, art, decoration, etc.

CHINOLINE
Chin"o*line, n. Etym: [NL. chinium quinine (see Chinoldine) + L.
oleum oil + -ine.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Quinoline.

CHINONE
Chi"none, n. Etym: [NL. chinium quinine (see Chinoidine.) + -one.]
(Chem.)

Defn: See Quinone.

CHINOOK
Chi*nook", n.

1. (Ethnol.)

Defn: One of a tribe of North American Indians now living in the
state of Washington, noted for the custom of flattening their skulls.
Chinooks also called Flathead Indians.

2. A warm westerly wind from the country of the Chinooks, sometimes
experienced on the slope of the Rocky Mountains, in Montana and the
adjacent territory.

3. A jargon of words from various languages (the largest proportion
of which is from that of the Chinooks) generally understood by all
the Indian tribes of the northwestern territories of the United
States.

CHINOOK STATE
Chi*nook" State.

Defn: Washington -- a nickname. See Chinook, n.

CHINQUAPIN
Chin"qua*pin, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A branching, nut-bearing tree or shrub (Castanea pumila) of
North America, from six to twenty feet high, allied to the chestnut.
Also, its small, sweet, edible nat. [Written also chincapin and
chinkapin.] Chinquapin oak, a small shrubby oak (Quercus prinoides)
of the Atlantic States, with edible acorns.
 -- Western Chinquapin, an evergreen shrub or tree (Castanopes
chrysophylla) of the Pacific coast. In California it is a shrub; in
Oregon a tree 30 to 125 feet high.

CHINSE
Chinse, v. t. & i. [imp. & p. p. Chinsed; p. pr. & vb. n. Chinsing.]
(Naut.)

Defn: To thrust oakum into (seams or chinks) with a chisel , the
point of a knife, or a chinsing iron; to calk slightly. Chinsing
iron, a light calking iron.

CHINTZ
Chintz, n.; pl. Chintzes. Etym: [Hindi chint spotted cotton clooth,
chinta spot.]

Defn: Cotton cloth, printed with flowers and other devices, in a
number of different colors, and often glazed. Swift.

CHIOPPINE
Chiop*pine", n.

Defn: Same as Chopine, n.

CHIP
Chip, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chipped; p. pr. & vb. n. Chipping.] Etym:
[Cf. G. kippen to cut off the edge, to clip, pare. Cf. Chop to cut.]

1. To cut small pieces from; to diminsh or reduce to shape, by
cutting away a little at a time; to hew. Shak.

2. To break or crack, or crack off a portion of, as of an eggshell in
hatching, or a piece of crockery.

3. To bet, as with chips in the game of poker. To chip in, to
contribute, as to a fund; to share in the risks or expenses of.
[Slang. U. S.]

CHIP
Chip, v. i.

Defn: To break or fly off in small pieces.

CHIP
Chip, n.

1. A piece of wood, stone, or other substance, separated by an ax,
chisel, or cutting instrument.

2. A fragment or piece broken off; a small piece.

3. Wood or Cuban palm leaf split into slips, or straw plaited in a
special manner, for making hats or bonnets.

4. Anything dried up, withered, or without flavor; -- used
contemptuously.

5. One of the counters used in poker and other games.

6. (Naut.)

Defn: The triangular piece of wood attached to the log line. Buffalo
chips. See under Buffalo.
 -- Chip ax, a small ax for chipping timber into shape.
 -- Chip bonnet, Chip hat, a bonnet or a hat made of Chip. See Chip,
n., 3.
 -- A chip off the old block, a child who resembles either of his
parents. [Colloq.] Milton.- Potato chips, Saratoga chips, thin slices
of raw potato fried crisp.

CHIPMUNK
Chip"munk`, n. Etym: [Indian name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A squirrel-like animal of the genus Tamias, sometimes called
the striped squirrel, chipping squirrel, ground squirrel, hackee. The
common species of the United States is the Tamias striatus. [Written
also chipmonk, chipmuck, and chipmuk.]

CHIPPENDALE
Chip"pen*dale, a.

Defn: Designating furniture designed, or like that designed, by
Thomas Chippendale, an English cabinetmaker of the 18th century.
Chippendale furniture was generally of simple but graceful outline
with delicately carved rococo ornamentation, sculptured either in the
solid wood or, in the cheaper specimens, separately and glued on. In
the more elaborate pieces three types are recognized: French
Chippendale, having much detail, like Louis Quatorze and Louis
Quinze; Chinese Chippendale, marked by latticework and pagodalike
pediments; and Gothic Chippendale, attempting to adapt medieval
details. The forms, as of the cabriole and chairbacks, often resemble
Queen Anne. In chairs, the seat is widened at the front, and the back
toward the top widened and bent backward, except in Chinese
Chippendale, in which the backs are usually rectangular. --
Chip"pen*dal*ism (#), n.

It must be clearly and unmistakably understood, then, that, whenever
painted (that is to say, decorated with painted enrichment) or inlaid
furniture is described as Chippendale, no matter where or by whom, it
is a million chances to one that the description is incorrect.
R. D. Benn.

CHIPPER
Chip"per, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Cheep, Chirp.]

Defn: To chirp or chirrup. [ Prov. Eng.] Forby.

CHIPPER
Chip"per, a.

Defn: Lively; cheerful; talkative. [U. S.]

CHIPPEWAYS
Chip"pe*ways, n. pl.; sing. Chippeway. (Ethnol.)

Defn: A tribe of Indians formerly inhabiting the northern and
weastern shores of Lake Superior; -- called also Objibways.

CHIPPING
Chip"ping, n.

1. A chip; a piece separated by a cutting or graving instrument; a
fragment.

2. The act or process of cutting or breaking off small pieces, as in
dressing iron with a chisel, or reducing a timber or block of stone
to shape.

3. The breaking off in small pieces of the edges of potter's ware,
porcelain, etc.

CHIPPING BIRD
Chip"ping bird`. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The chippy.

CHIPPING SQUIRREL
Chip"ping squir"rel.

Defn: See Chipmunk.

CHIPPY
Chip"py, a.

Defn: Abounding in, or resembling, chips; dry and tasteless.

CHIPPY
Chip"py, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small American sparrow (Spizella socialis), very common near
dwelling; -- also called chipping bird and chipping sparrow, from its
simple note.

CHIPS
Chips, n. (Naut.)

Defn: A ship's carpenter. [Cant.]

CHIRAGRA
Chi*ra"gra, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Gout in the hand.

CHIRAGRICAL
Chi*rag"ric*al, a.

Defn: Having the gout in the hand, or subject to that disease. Sir.
T. Browne.

CHIRETTA
Chi*ret"ta, n. Etym: [Hind. chira\'c6ta.]

Defn: A plant (Agathotes Chirayta) found in Northern India, having
medicinal properties to the gentian, and esteemed as a tonic and
febrifuge.

CHIRK
Chirk, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Chirp, also Creak.]

1. To shriek; to gnash; to utter harsh or shrill cries. [Obs.]
All full of chirkyng was that sorry place. Cheucer.

2. To chirp like a bird. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHIRK
Chirk, v. t.

Defn: To cheer; to enliven; as, to chirk one up. [Colloq. New Eng. ]

CHIRK
Chirk, a. Etym: [From Chirk, v. i.]

Defn: Lively; cheerful; in good spirits. [Colloq. New Eng.]

CHIRM
Chirm, v. i. Etym: [Cf. AS. cyrman, cirman, to cry out. *24 Cf.
Chirp.]

Defn: To chirp or to make a mournful cry, as a bird. [Obs.] Huloet.

CHIROGNOMY
Chi*rog"no*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The art of judging character by the shape and apperance of the
hand.

CHIROGRAPH
Chi"ro*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. (Old. Law)
(a) A writing which, reguiring a counterpart, was engrossed twice on
the same piece of parchment, with a space between, in which was
written the word chirographum, through which the parchment was cut,
and one part given to each party. It answered to what is now called a
charter party.
(b) The last part of a fine of land, commonly called the foot of the
fine. Bouvier.

CHIROGRAPHER
Chi*rog"ra*pher, n.

1. One who practice the art or business of writing or engrossing.

2. See chirographist, 2. Chirographer of fines (Old Eng. Law), an
officer in the court of common pleas, who engrossed fines.

CHIROGRAPHIC; CHIROGRAPHICAL
Chi`ro*graph"ic, Chi`ro*graph"ic*al a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to chirography.

CHIROGRAPHIST
Chi*rog"ra*phist, n.

1. A chirographer; a writer or engrosser.

2. One who tells fortunes by examining the hand.

CHIROGRAPHY
Chi*rog"ra*phy, n.

1. The art of writing or engrossing; handwriting; as, skilled in
chirography.

2. The art of telling fortunes by examining the hand.

CHIROGYMNAST
Chi`ro*gym"nast, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A mechanocal contrivance for exercesing the fingers of a
pianist.

CHIROLOGICAL
Chi`ro*log"ic*al, a.

Defn: Relating to chirology.

CHIROLOGIST
Chi*rol"o*gist, n.

Defn: One who communicates thoughts by signs made with the hands and
fingers.

CHIROLOGY
Chi*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: The art or practice of using the manual alphabet or of
communicating thoughts by sings made by the hands and fingers; a
substitute for spoken or written language in intercourse with the
deaf and dumb. See Dactylalogy.

CHIROMANCER
Chi"ro*man`cer, n.

Defn: One who practices chiromancy. Dryden.

CHIROMANCY
Chi"ro*mancy, n. Etym: [Gr. -mancy.]

Defn: The art or practice of foretelling events, or of telling the
fortunes or the disposition of persons by inspecting the hand;
palmistry.

CHIROMANIST; CHIROMANTIST
Chi"ro*man`ist, Chi"ro*man`tist n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A chiromancer.

CHIROMANTIC; CHIROMANTICAL
Chi`ro*man"tic, Chi`ro*man"tic*al a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to chiromancy.

CHIROMONIC
Chi`ro*mon"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to chironomy.

CHIRONOMY
Chi*ron"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The art of moving the hands in oratory or in pantomime; gesture
[Obs.]

CHIROPLAST
Chi"ro*plast, n. Etym: [Gr. (Mus.)

Defn: An instrument to guid the hands and fingers of pupils in
playing on the piano, etc.

CHIROPODIST
Chi*rop"o*dist, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: One who treats diseases of the hands and feet; especially, one
who removes corns and bunions.

CHIROPODY
Chirop"ody, n.

Defn: The art of treating diseases of the hands and feet.

CHIROSOPHIST
Chiros"ophist, n. Etym: [Gr. Sophist.]

Defn: A fortune teller.

CHIRP
Chirp, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chirped; p. pr. & vb. n. Chirping.] Etym:
[Of imitative orgin. Cf. Chirk, Chipper, Cheep, Chirm, Chirrup.]

Defn: To make a shop, sharp, cheerful, as of small birds or crickets.

CHIRP
Chirp, n.

Defn: A short, sharp note, as of a bird or insect. "The chirp of
flitting bird." Bryant.

CHIRPER
Chirp"er, n.

Defn: One who chirps, or is cheerful.

CHIRPING
Chirp"ing, a.

Defn: Cheering; enlivening.
He takes his chirping pint, he cracks his jokes. Pope.

CHIRPINGLY
Chirp"ing*ly, adv.

Defn: In a chirping manner.

CHIRRE
Chirre, v. i. Etym: [Cf. G. girren, AS. corian to murmur, complain.
*24.]

Defn: To coo, as a pigeon. [Obs.]

CHIRRUP
Chir"rup, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chirruped; p. pr. & vb. n. Chirruping.]
Etym: [See Chirp.]

Defn: To quicken or animate by chirping; to cherup.

CHIRRUP
Chir"rup, v. i.

Defn: To chirp. Tennyson.
The criket chirrups on the hearth. Goldsmith.

CHIRRUP
Chir"rup, n.

Defn: The act of chirping; a chirp.
The sparrows' chirrup on the roof. Tennyson.

CHIRRUPY
Chir"rupy, a.

Defn: Cheerful; joyous; chatty.

CHIRURGEON
Chi*rur"geon, n. Etym: [F. chirurgien, from chirurgie surgery, fr.
Gr. Surgeon, Work.]

Defn: A surgeon. [Obs.]

CHIRURGEONLY
Chi*rur"geon*ly, adv.

Defn: Surgically. [Obs.] Shak.

CHIRURGERY
Chi*rur"ger*y, n. Etym: [See Chirurgeon, and cf. Surgery.]

Defn: Surgery. [Obs.]

CHIRURGIC; CHIRURGICAL
Chi*rur"gic, Chirur"gical, a. Etym: [Cf. F. chirurgiquerurgical, L.
Chirurgicus, Gr. Chirurgeon, and cf. Surgical.]

Defn: Surgical [Obs.] "Chirurgical lore" Longfellow.

CHISEL
Chis"el, n. Etym: [OF. chisel, F. ciseau, fr. LL. cisellus, prob. for
caesellus, fr. L. caesus, p. p. of caedere to cut. Cf. Scissors.]

Defn: A tool with a cutting edge on one end of a metal blade, used in
dressing, shaping, or working in timber, stone, metal, etc.; --
usually driven by a mallet or hammer. Cold chisel. See under Cold, a.

CHISEL
Chis"el, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chiseled, or Chiselled (p. pr. & vb. n.
Chiseling, or Chiselling.] Etym: [Cf. F. ciseler.]

1. To cut, pare, gouge, or engrave with a chisel; as, to chisel a
block of marble into a statue.

2. To cut close, as in a bargain; to cheat. [Slang]

CHISLEU
Chis"leu, n. Etym: [Heb.]

Defn: The ninth month of the Jewish ecclesiastical year, answering to
a part of November with a part of December.

CHISLEY
Chis"ley, a. Etym: [AS. ceosel gravel or sand. Cf. Chessom.]

Defn: Having a large admixture of small pebbles or gravel; -- said of
a soil. Gardner.

CHIT
Chit, n. Etym: [Cf. AS. ci shoot, sprig, from the same root as cinan
to yawn. See Chink a cleft.]

1. The embryo or the growing bud of a plant; a shoot; a sprout; as,
the chits of Indian corn or of potatoes.

2. A child or babe; as, a forward chit; also, a young, small, or
insignificant person or animal.
A little chit of a woman. Thackeray.

3. An excrescence on the body, as a wart. [Obs.]

4. A small tool used in cleaving laths. Knight.

CHIT
Chit, v. i.

Defn: To shoot out; to sprout.
I have known barley chit in seven hours after it had been thrown
forth. Mortimer.

CHIT
Chit, 3d sing. of Chide.

Defn: Chideth. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHITCHAT
Chit"chat, n. Etym: [From Chat, by way of reduplication.]

Defn: Familiar or trifling talk; prattle.

CHITIN
Chi"tin, n. Etym: [See Chiton.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white amorphous horny substance forming the harder part of
the outer integument of insects, crustacea, and various other
invertebrates; entomolin.

CHITINIZATION
Chi`ti*ni*za"tion, n.

Defn: The process of becoming chitinous.

CHITINOUS
Chi"ti*nous, a.

Defn: Having the nature of chitin; consisting of, or containing,
chitin.

CHITON
Chi"ton, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. An under garment among the ancient Greeks, nearly representing the
modern shirt.

2. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of a group of gastropod mollusks, with a shell composed of
eight movable dorsal plates. See Polyplacophora.

CHITTER
Chit"ter, v. i. Etym: [Cf. Chatter.]

1. To chirp in a tremulous manner, as a bird. [Obs.] Chaucer.

2. To shiver or chatter with cold. [Scot.] Burns.

CHITTERLING
Chit"ter*ling, n.

Defn: The frill to the breast of a shirt, which when ironed out
resembled the small entrails. See Chitterlings. [Obs.] Gascoigne.

CHITTERLINGS
Chit"ter*lings, n. pl. Etym: [Cf. AS. cwiÞ womb, Icel. kvith, Goth.
qiÞus, belly, womb, stomach, G. kutteln chitterlings.] (Cookery)

Defn: The smaller intestines of swine, etc., fried for food.

CHITTRA
Chit"tra, n. Etym: [Native Indian name.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The axis deer of India.

CHITTY
Chit"ty, a.

1. Full of chits or sprouts.

2. Childish; like a babe. [Obs.]

CHIVACHIE
Chiv"a*chie`, n. Etym: [OF. chevauchie, chevauchée; of the same
origin as E. cavalcade.]

Defn: A cavalry raid; hence, a military expedition. [Obs.] Chaucer.

CHIVALRIC
Chiv"al*ric, a. Etym: [See Chivalry.]

Defn: Relating to chivalry; knightly; chivalrous.

CHIVALROUS
Chiv"al*rous, a. Etym: [OF. chevalerus, chevalereus, fr. chevalier.
See Chivalry.]

Defn: Pertaining to chivalry or knight-errantry; warlike; heroic;
gallant; high-spirited; high-minded; magnanimous.
In brave pursuit of chivalrous emprise. Spenser.

CHIVALROUSLY
Chiv"al*rous*ly, adv.

Defn: In a chivalrous manner; gallantly; magnanimously.

CHIVALRY
Chiv"al*ry, n. Etym: [F. chevalerie, fr. chevalier knight, OF.,
horseman. See Chevalier, and cf. Cavalry.]

1. A body or order of cavaliers or knights serving on horseback;
illustrious warriors, collectively; cavalry. "His Memphian chivalry."
Milton.
By his light Did all the chivalry of England move, To do brave acts.
Shak.

2. The dignity or system of knighthood; the spirit, usages, or
manners of knighthood; the practice of knight-errantry. Dryden.

3. The qualifications or character of knights, as valor, dexterity in
arms, courtesy, etc.
The glory of our Troy this day doth lie On his fair worth and single
chivalry. Shak.

4. (Eng. Law)

Defn: A tenure of lands by knight's service; that is, by the
condition of a knight's performing service on horseback, or of
performing some noble or military service to his lord.

5. Exploit. [Obs.] Sir P. Sidney. Court of chivalry, a court formerly
held before the lord high constable and earl marshal of England as
judges, having cognizance of contracts and other matters relating to
deeds of arms and war. Blackstone.

CHIVARRAS; CHIVARROS
Chi*var"ras,  Chi*var"ros, n. pl. [Mex. Sp.]

Defn: Leggings. [Mex. & Southwestern U. S.]

CHIVE
Chive, n. (Bot.)

Defn: A filament of a stamen. [Obs.]

CHIVE
Chive, n. Etym: [F. cive, fr. L. cepa, caepa, onion. Cf. Cives,
Cibol.] (Bot.)

Defn: A perennial plant (Allium Schoenoprasum), allied to the onion.
The young leaves are used in omelets, etc. [Written also cive.]

CHIVY
Chiv"y, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chivied; p. pr. & vb. n. Chivying.] Etym:
[Cf. Chevy.]

Defn: To goad, drive, hunt, throw, or pitch. [Slang, Eng.] Dickens.

CHLAMYDATE
Chlam"y*date, a. Etym: [L. chlamydatus dressed in a military cloak.
See Chlamys.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: Having a mantle; -- applied to certain gastropods.

CHLAMYPHORE
Chlam"y*phore, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A small South American edentate (Chlamyphorus truncatus, and C.
retusus) allied to the armadillo. It is covered with a leathery shell
or coat of mail, like a cloak, attached along the spine.

CHLAMYS
Chla"mys, n.; pl. E. Chlamyses, L. Chlamydes. Etym: [L., from Gr.

Defn: A loose and flowing outer garment, worn by the ancient Greeks;
a kind of cloak.

CHLOASMA
Chlo*as"ma, n. Etym: [Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A cutaneous affection characterized by yellow or yellowish
brown pigmented spots.

CHLORAL
Chlo"ral, n. Etym: [Chlorine + alcohol.]

1. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless oily liquid, CCl3.CHO, of a pungent odor and harsh
taste, obtained by the action of chlorine upon ordinary or ethyl
alcohol.

2. (Med.)

Defn: Chloral hydrate. Chloral hydrate, a white crystalline
substance, obtained by treating chloral with water. It produces sleep
when taken internally or hypodermically; -- called also chloral.

CHLORALAMIDE
Chlo"ral*am`ide, n. Etym: [Chloral + amide.] (Chem.)

Defn: A compound of chloral and formic amide used to produce sleep.

CHLORALISM
Chlo"ral*ism, n. (Med.)

Defn: A morbid condition of the system resulting from excessive use
of chloral.

CHLORALUM
Chlor`al"um, n. Etym: [Chlorine + aluminium.]

Defn: An impure aqueous solution of chloride of aluminium, used as an
antiseptic and disinfectant.

CHLORANIL
Chlor`an"il, n. Etym: [Chlorine + aniline.] (Chem.)

Defn: A yellow crystalline substance, C6Cl4.O2, regarded as a
derivative of quinone, obtained by the action of chlorine on certain
benzene derivatives, as aniline.

CHLORATE
Chlo"rate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chlorate. See Chlorine.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of chloric acid; as, chlorate of potassium.

CHLORAURATE
Chlor`au"rate, n. Etym: [Chlorine + aurate.] (Chem.)

Defn: See Aurochloride.

CHLORHYDRIC
Chlor`hy"dric, a. Etym: [Chlorine + hydrogen + -ic.] (Chem.)

Defn: Same as Hydrochloric.

CHLORHYDRIN
Chlor`hy"drin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: One of a class of compounds formed from certain polybasic
alcohols (and especially glycerin) by the substitution of chlorine
for one or more hydroxyl groups.

CHLORIC
Chlo"ric, a. Etym: [From Chlorine.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, chlorine; -- said of those
compounds of chlorine in which this element has a valence of five, or
the next to its highest; as, chloric acid, HClO3. Chloric ether
(Chem.), ethylene dichloride. See Dutch liquid, under Dutch.

CHLORIDATE
Chlo"ri*date, v.t.

Defn: To treat or prepare with a chloride, as a plate with chloride
of silver, for the purposes of photography. R. Hunt.

CHLORIDE
Chlo"ride, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A binary compound of chlorine with another element or radical;
as, chloride of sodium (common salt). Chloride of ammonium, sal
ammoniac.
 -- Chloride of lime, bleaching powder; a grayish white substance,
CaOClcalcium hypochlorite. See Hypochlorous acid, under Hypochlorous.
 -- Mercuric chloride, corrosive sublimate.

CHLORIDIC
Chlo*rid"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a chloride; containing a chloride.

CHLORIDIZE
Chlo"rid*ize, v. t.

Defn: See Chloridate.

CHLORIMETRY
Chlo*rim"e*try, n.

Defn: See Chlorometry.

CHLORINATE
Chlo"rin*ate, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chlorinated; p. pr. & vb. n.
Chlorinating.] (Chem.)

Defn: To treat, or cause to combine, with chlorine.

CHLORINATION
Chlo`ri*na"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of subjecting anything to the action of
chlorine; especially, a process for the extraction of gold by
exposure of the auriferous material to chlorine gas.

CHLORINE
Chlo"rine, n. Etym: [Gr. Yellow.] (Chem.)

Defn: One of the elementary substances, commonly isolated as a
greenish yellow gas, two and one half times as heavy as air, of an
intensely disagreeable suffocating odor, and exceedingly poisonous.
It is abundant in nature, the most important compound being common
salt. It is powerful oxidizing, bleaching, and disinfecting agent.
Symbol Cl. Atomic weight, 35.4. Chlorine family, the elements
fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine, called the halogens, and
classed together from their common peculiariries.

CHLORIODIC
Chlor`i*od"ic, a.

Defn: Compounded of chlorine and iodine; containing chlorine and
iodine.

CHLORIODINE
Chlor`i"o*dine, n.

Defn: A compound of chlorine and iodine. [R.]

CHLORITE
Chlo"rite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: The name of a group of minerals, usually of a green color and
micaceous to granular in structure. They are hydrous silicates of
alumina, iron, and magnesia. Chlorite slate, a schistose or slaty
rock consisting of alumina, iron, and magnesia.

CHLORITE
Chlo"rite, n. Etym: [Chlorous + -ite.] (Chem.)

Defn: Any salt of chlorous acid; as, chlorite of sodium.

CHLORITIC
Chlo*rit"ic, a. Etym: [From 1st Chlorite.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or containing, chlorite; as, chloritic sand.

CHLORMETHANE
Chlor`meth"ane, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A colorless gas, CH3Cl, of a sweet odor, easily condensed to a
liquid; -- called also methyl chloride.

CHLORO-
Chlo"ro-. (Chem.)

Defn: A prefix denoting that chlorine is an ingredient in the
substance named.

CHLOROCRUORIN
Chlo`ro*cru"o*rin, n. Etym: [Gr. cruorin.] (Physiol.)

Defn: A green substance, supposed to be the cause of the green color
of the blood in some species of worms. Ray Lankester.

CHLORODYNE
Chlo"ro*dyne, n. Etym: [From chlorine, in imitation of anodyne.]
(Med.)

Defn: A patent anodyne medicine, containing opium, chloroform, Indian
hemp, etc.

CHLOROFORM
Chlo"ro*form, n. Etym: [Chlorine + formyl, it having been regarded as
a trichloride of this radical: cf. F. chloroforme, G. chloroform.]
(Chem.)

Defn: A colorless volatile liquid, CHCl3, having an ethereal odor and
a sweetish taste, formed by treating alcohol with chlorine and an
alkali. It is a powerful solvent of wax, resin, etc., and is
extensively used to produce anæsthesia in surgical operations; also
externally, to alleviate pain.

CHLOROFORM
Chlo"ro*form, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chloroformed; p. pr. & vb. n.
Chloroforming.]

Defn: To treat with chloroform, or to place under its influence.

CHLOROLEUCITE
Chlo`ro*leu"cite, n. Etym: [Gr. leucite.] (Bot.)

Defn: Same as Chloroplastid.

CHLOROMETER
Chlo*rom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chloromètre. See Chlorine, and -
meter.]

Defn: An instrument to test the decoloring or bleaching power of
chloride of lime.

CHLOROMETRY
Chlo*rom"e*try, n.

Defn: The process of testing the bleaching power of any combination
of chlorine.

CHLOROPAL
Chlo*ro"pal, n. Etym: [Gr. opal.] (Min.)

Defn: A massive mineral, greenish in color, and opal-like in
appearance. It is essentially a hydrous silicate of iron.

CHLOROPEPTIC
Chlo`ro*pep"tic, a. Etym: [Chlorine + peptic.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Of or pertaining to an acid more generally called pepsin-
hydrochloric acid.

CHLOROPHANE
Chlo"ro*phane, n. Etym: [Gr. chlorophane.]

1. (Min.)

Defn: A variety of fluor spar, which, when heated, gives a beautiful
emerald green light.

2. (Physiol.)

Defn: The yellowish green pigment in the inner segment of the cones
of the retina. See Chromophane.

CHLOROPHYLL
Chlo"ro*phyll, n. Etym: [Gr. chlorophylle.] (Bot.)

Defn: Literally, leaf green; a green granular matter formed in the
cells of the leaves (and other parts exposed to light) of plants, to
which they owe their green color, and through which all ordinary
assimilation of plant food takes place. Similar chlorophyll granules
have been found in the tissues of the lower animals. [Written also
chlorophyl.]

CHLOROPLAST
Chlo"ro*plast, n. [Pref. chloro-+ Gr.  to mold, form.] (Biol.)

Defn: A plastid containing chlorophyll, developed only in cells
exposed to the light. Chloroplasts are minute flattened granules,
usually occurring in great numbers in the cytoplasm near the cell
wall, and consist of a colorless ground substance saturated with
chlorophyll pigments. Under light of varying intensity they exhibit
phototactic movements. In animals chloroplasts occur only in certain
low forms.

CHLOROPLASTID
Chlo`ro*plas"tid, n. Etym: [Gr. plastid.] (Bot.)

Defn: A granule of chlorophyll; -- also called chloroleucite.

CHLOROPLATINIC
Chlo`ro*pla*tin"ic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: See Platinichloric.

CHLOROSIS
Chlo*ro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. chlorose.]

1. (Med.)

Defn: The green sickness; an anæmic disease of young women,
characterized by a greenish or grayish yellow hue of the skin,
weakness, palpitation, etc.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: A disease in plants, causing the flowers to turn green or the
leaves to lose their normal green color.

CHLOROTIC
Chlo*rot"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. chlorotique.]

Defn: Pertaining to, or affected by, chlorosis.

CHLOROUS
Chlo"rous, a. Etym: [See Chlorine.]

1. Of, pertaining to, or derived from, chlorine; -- said of those
compounds of chlorine in which this element has a valence of three,
the next lower than in chloric compounds; as, chlorous acid, HClO2.

2. (Chem. Physics)

Defn: Pertaining to, or resembling, the electro-negative character of
chlorine; hence, electro-negative; -- opposed to basylous or zincous.
[Obs.]

CHLORPICRIN
Chlor`pi"crin, n. (Chem.)

Defn: A heavy, colorless liquid, CCl3.NO2, of a strong pungent odor,
obtained by subjecting picric acid to the action of chlorine.
[Written also chloropikrin.]

CHLORURET
Chlo"ru*ret, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chlorure.] (Chem.)

Defn: A chloride. [Obs.]

CHOAK
Choak, v. t. & i.

Defn: See Choke.

CHOANOID
Cho"a*noid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.] (Anat.)

Defn: Funnel-shaped; -- applied particularly to a hollow muscle
attached to the ball of the eye in many reptiles and mammals.

CHOCARD
Cho"card, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: The chough.

CHOCK
Chock, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chocked; p. pr. & vb. n. Chocking.]

Defn: To stop or fasten, as with a wedge, or block; to scotch; as, to
chock a wheel or cask.

CHOCK
Chock, v. i.

Defn: To fill up, as a cavity. "The woodwork . . . exactly chocketh
into joints." Fuller.

CHOCK
Chock, n.

1. A wedge, or block made to fit in any space which it is desired to
fill, esp. something to steady a cask or other body, or prevent it
from moving, by fitting into the space around or beneath it.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: A heavy casting of metal, usually fixed near the gunwale. It
has two short horn-shaped arms curving inward, between which ropes or
hawsers may pass for towing, mooring, etc.

CHOCK
Chock, adv. (Naut.)

Defn: Entirely; quite; as, chock home; chock aft.

CHOCK
Chock, v. t. Etym: [F. choquer. Cf. Shock, v. t.]

Defn: To encounter. [Obs.]

CHOCK
Chock, n.

Defn: An encounter. [Obs.]

CHOCKABLOCK
Chock"a*block, a. (Naut.)

Defn: Hoisted as high as the tackle will admit; brought close
together, as the two blocks of a tackle in hoisting.

CHOCK-FULL
Chock"-full`, a.

Defn: Quite full; choke-full.

CHOCOLATE
Choc"o*late, n. Etym: [Sp., fr. the Mexican name of the cacao. Cf.
Cacao, Cocoa.]

1. A paste or cake composed of the roasted seeds of the Theobroma
Cacao ground and mixed with other ingredients, usually sugar, and
cinnamon or vanilla.

2. The beverage made by dissolving a portion of the paste or cake in
boiling water or milk. Chocolate house, a house in which customers
may be served with chocolate.
 -- Chocolate nut. See Cacao.

CHOCTAWS
Choc"taws, n. pl.

Defn: ; sing. Choctaw. (Ethnol.) A tribe of North American Indians
(Southern Appalachian), in early times noted for their pursuit of
agriculture, and for living at peace with the white settlers. They
are now one of the civilized tribes of the Indian Territory.

CHODE
Chode,

Defn: the old imp. of chide. See Chide.

CHOGSET
Chog"set, n. (Zoöl.)

Defn: See Cunner.

CHOICE
Choice, n. Etym: [OE. chois, OF. chois, F. choix, fr. choisir to
choose; of German origin; cf. Goth. kausjan to examine, kiusan to
choose, examine, G. kiesen. *46. Cf. Choose.]

1. Act of choosing; the voluntary act of selecting or separating from
two or more things that which is preferred; the determination of the
mind in preferring one thing to another; election.

2. The power or opportunity of choosing; option.
Choice there is not, unless the thing which we take be so in our
power that we might have refused it. Hooker.

3. Care in selecting; judgment or skill in distinguishing what is to
be preferred, and in giving a preference; discrimination.
I imagine they [the apothegms of Cæsar] were collected with judgment
and choice. Bacon.

4. A sufficient number to choose among. Shak.

5. The thing or person chosen; that which is approved and selected in
preference to others; selection.
The common wealth is sick of their own choice. Shak.

6. The best part; that which is preferable.
The flower and choice Of many provinces from bound to bound. Milton.
To make a choice of, to choose; to select; to separate and take in
preference.

Syn. - See Volition, Option.

CHOICE
Choice, a. [Compar. Choicer; superl. Choicest.]

1. Worthly of being chosen or preferred; select; superior; precious;
valuable.
My choicest hours of life are lost. Swift.

2. Preserving or using with care, as valuable; frugal; -- used with
of; as, to be choice of time, or of money.

3. Selected with care, and due attention to preference; deliberately
chosen.
Choice word measured phrase. Wordsworth.

Syn. - Select; precious; exquisite; uncommon; rare; chary; careful/

CHOICEFUL
Choice"ful, a.

Defn: Making choices; fickle. [Obs.]
His choiceful sense with every change doth fit. Spenser.

CHOICELY
Choice"ly, adv.

1. With care in choosing; with nice regard to preference. "A band of
men collected choicely, from each county some." Shak.

2. In a preferable or excellent manner; excellently; eminently.
"Choicely good." Walton.

CHOICENESS
Choice"ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being of particular value or worth; nicely;
excellence.

CHOIR
Choir, n. Etym: [OE. quer, OF. cuer, F. choeur, fr. L. chorus a
choral dance, chorus, choir, fr. Gr. hortus garden, and E. yard. See
Chorus.]

1. A band or organized company of singers, especially in church
service. [Formerly written also quire.]

2. That part of a church appropriated to the singers.

3. (Arch.)

Defn: The chancel. Choir organ (Mus.), one of the three or five
distinct organs included in the full organ, each separable from the
rest, but all controlled by one performer; a portion of the full
organ, complete in itself, and more practicable for ordinary service
and in the accompanying of the vocal choir.
 -- Choir screen, Choir wall (Arch.), a screen or low wall separating
the choir from the aisles.
 -- Choir service, the service of singing performed by the choir. T.
Warton.

CHOKE
Choke, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Choked; p. pr. & vb. n. Choking.] Etym:
[OE. cheken, choken; cf. AS. aceocian to suffocate, Icel. koka to
gulp, E. chincough, cough.]

1. To render unable to breathe by filling, pressing upon, or
squeezing the windpipe; to stifle; to suffocate; to strangle.
With eager feeding food doth choke the feeder. Shak.

2. To obstruct by filling up or clogging any passage; to block up.
Addison.

3. To hinder or check, as growth, expansion, progress, etc.; to
stifle.
Oats and darnel choke the rising corn. Dryden.

4. To affect with a sense of strangulation by passion or strong
feeling. "I was choked at this word." Swift.

5. To make a choke, as in a cartridge, or in the bore of the barrel
of a shotgun. To choke off, to stop a person in the execution of a
purpose; as, to choke off a speaker by uproar.

CHOKE
Choke, v. i.

1. To have the windpipe stopped; to have a spasm of the throat,
caused by stoppage or irritation of the windpipe; to be strangled.

2. To be checked, as if by choking; to stick.
The words choked in his throat. Sir W. Scott.

CHOKE
Choke, n.

1. A stoppage or irritation of the windpipe, producing the feeling of
strangulation.

2. (Gun.)
(a) The tied end of a cartridge.
(b) A constriction in the bore of a shotgun, case of a rocket, etc.

CHOKEBERRY
Choke"ber`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The small apple-shaped or pear-shaped fruit of an American
shrub (Pyrus arbutifolia) growing in damp thickets; also, the shrub.

CHOKEBORE
Choke"bore`, n.

1. In a shotgun, a bore which is tapered to a slightly smaller
diameter at a short distance (usually 2½ to 3 inches) to the rear of
the muzzle, in order to prevent the rapid dispersion of the shot.

2.  A shotgun that is made with such a bore.

CHOKEBORE
Choke"bore`, v. t.  [imp. & p. p. Chokebored; p. pr. & vb. n.
Chokeboring.]

Defn: To provide with a chokebore.

CHOKECHERRY
Choke"cher`ry, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The astringent fruit of a species of wild cherry (Prunus
Virginiana); also, the bush or tree which bears such fruit.

CHOKE DAMP
Choke" damp`.

Defn: See Carbonic acid, under Carbonic.

CHOKEDAR
Cho`ke*dar", n. Etym: [Hindi chauki-dar.]

Defn: A watchman; an officer of customs or police. [India]

CHOKE-FULL
Choke"-full`, a.

Defn: Full to the brim; quite full; chock-full.

CHOKE PEAR
Choke" pear`.

1. A kind of pear that has a rough, astringent taste, and is
swallowed with difficulty, or which contracts the mucous membrane of
the mouth.

2. A sarcasm by which one is put to silence; anything that can not be
answered. [Low] S. Richardson.

CHOKER
Chok"er, n.

1. One who, or that which, chokes.

2. A stiff wide cravat; a stock. [Slang]

CHOKE-STRAP
Choke"-strap`, n. (Saddlery)

Defn: A strap leading from the bellyband to the lower part of the
collar, to keep the collar in place.

CHOKING
Chok"ing, a.

1. That chokes; producing the feeling of strangulation.

2. Indistinct in utterance, as the voice of a person affected with
strong emotion.

CHOKING COIL
Choking coil. (Elec.)

Defn: A coil of small resistance and large inductance, used in an
alternating-current circuit to impede or throttle the current, or to
change its phase; --called also reactance coil or reactor, these
terms being now preferred in engineering usage.

CHOKY; CHOKEY
Chok"y Chok"ey, a.

1. Tending to choke or suffocate, or having power to suffocate.

2. Inclined to choke, as a person affected with strong emotion. "A
deep and choky voice." Aytoun.
The allusion to his mother made Tom feel rather chokey. T. Hughes.

CHOLAEMAA
Cho*læ"ma*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: A disease characterized by severe nervous symptoms, dependent
upon the presence of the constituents of the bile in the blood.

CHOLAGOGUE
Chol"a*gogue, a. Etym: [Gr. cholagogue.] (Med.)

Defn: Promoting the discharge of bile from the system.
 -- n.

Defn: An agent which promotes the discharge of bile from the system.

CHOLATE
Cho"late, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of cholic acid; as, sodium cholate.

CHOLECYSTIS
Chol`e*cys"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The gall bladder.

CHOLECYSTOTOMY
Chol`e*cys*tot"o*my, n. Etym: [Cholecystis + Gr. (Surg.)

Defn: The operation of making an opening in the gall bladder, as for
the removal of a gallstone.

CHOLEDOLOGY
Chol`e*dol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy. Cf. F. cholédologie.] (Med.)

Defn: A treatise on the bile and bilary organs. Dunglison.

Note: Littré says that the word cholédologie is absolutely barbarous,
there being no Greek word cholology.

CHOLEIC
Cho*le"ic, a. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, bile; as, choleic acid.

CHOLER
Chol"er, n. Etym: [OE. coler, F. colère anger, L. cholera a bilious
complaint, fr. Gr. Gall, and cf. Cholera.]

1. The bile; -- formerly supposed to be the seat and cause of
irascibility. [Obs.]
His [Richard Hooker's] complexion . . . was sanguine, with a mixture
of choler; and yet his motion was slow. I. Warton.

2. Irritation of the passions; anger; wrath.
He is rash and very sudden in choler. Shak.

CHOLERA
Chol"er*a, n. Etym: [L., a bilious disease. See Choler.] (Med.)

Defn: One of several diseases affecting the digestive and intestinal
tract and more or less dangerous to life, esp. the one commonly
called Asiatic cholera. Asiatic cholera, a malignant and rapidly
fatal disease, originating in Asia and frequently epidemic in the
more filthy sections of other lands, to which the germ or specific
poison may have been carried. It is characterized by diarrhea, rice-
water evacuations, vomiting, cramps, pinched expression, and
lividity, rapidly passing into a state of collapse, followed by
death, or by a stage of reaction of fever.
 -- Cholera bacillus. See Comma bacillus.
 -- Cholera infantum, a dangerous summer disease, of infants, caused
by hot weather, bad air, or poor milk, and especially fatal in large
cities.
 -- Cholera morbus, a disease characterized by vomiting and purging,
with gripings and cramps, usually caused by imprudence in diet or by
gastrointestinal disturbance.
 -- Chicken cholera. See under Chicken.
 -- Hog cholera. See under Hog.
 -- Sporadic cholera, a disease somewhat resembling the Asiatic
cholera, but originating where it occurs, and rarely becoming
epidemic.

CHOLERAIC
Chol`er*a"ic, a.

Defn: Relating to, or resulting from, or resembling, cholera.

CHOLERIC
Chol"er*ic, a. Etym: [L. cholericus, Gr. cholérique.]

1. Abounding with, or producing choler, or bile. Dryden.

2. Easily irritated; irascible; inclined to anger.

3. Angry; indicating anger; excited by anger. "Choleric speech." Sir
W. Raleigh. Choleric temperament, the bilious temperament.

CHOLERICLY
Chol"er*ic*ly, adv.

Defn: In a choleric manner; angrily.

CHOLERIFORM
Chol"er*i*form`, a. Etym: [Cholera + -form.]

Defn: Resembling cholera.

CHOLERINE
Chol"er*ine, n. (Med.)
(a) The precursory symptoms of cholera.
(b) The first stage of epidemic cholera.
(c) A mild form of cholera.

CHOLEROID
Chol"er*oid, a. Etym: [Cholera + -oid.]

Defn: Choleriform.

CHOLESTERIC
Cho`les*ter"ic, a. Etym: [Cf. F. cholestérique.]

Defn: Pertaining to cholesterin, or obtained from it; as, cholesteric
acid. Ure.

CHOLESTERIN
Cho*les"ter*in, n. Etym: [Gr. cholestérine. See Stearin.] (Chem.)

Defn: A white, fatty, crystalline substance, tasteless and odorless,
found in animal and plant products and tissue, and especially in
nerve tissue, in the bile, and in gallstones.

CHOLIAMB; CHOLIAMBIC
Cho"li*amb, Cho`li*am"bic, n. Etym: [L. choliambus, Gr. (Pros.)

Defn: A verse having an iambus in the fifth place, and a spondee in
the sixth or last.

CHOLIC; CHOLINIC
Chol"ic, Cho*lin"ic, a. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, the bile. Cholic acid (Chem.),
a complex organic acid found as a natural constituent of taurocholic
and glycocholic acids in the bile, and extracted as a resinous
substance, convertible under the influence of ether into white
crystals.

CHOLINE
Cho"line, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: See Neurine.

CHOLOCHROME
Chol"o*chrome, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: See Bilirubin.

CHOLOPHAEIN
Chol`o*phæ"in, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: See Bilirubin.

CHOLTRY
Chol"try, n.

Defn: A Hindoo caravansary.

CHOMAGE
Cho`mage", n. [F. chomage.]

1.

Defn: Stoppage; cessation (of labor).

2.  A standing still or idle (of mills, factories, etc.).

CHOMP
Chomp, v. i.

Defn: To chew loudly and greedily; to champ. [Prov. Eng. & Colloq. U.
S.] Halliwell.

CHONDRIFICATION
Chon`dri*fi*ca"tion, n. (Physiol.)

Defn: Formation of, or conversion into, cartilage.

CHONDRIFY
Chon"dri*fy, v. t. & i. Etym: [Gr. -fy.]

Defn: To convert, or be converted, into cartilage.

CHONDRIGEN
Chon"dri*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: The chemical basis of cartilage, converted by long boiling in
water into a gelatinous body called chondrin.

CHONDRIGENOUS
Chon*drig"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. -genous.] (Physiol.)

Defn: Affording chondrin.

CHONDRIN
Chon"drin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: A colorless, amorphous, nitrogenous substance, tasteless and
odorless, formed from cartilaginous tissue by long-continued action
of boiling water. It is similar to gelatin, and is a large ingredient
of commercial gelatin.

CHONDRITE
Chon"drite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A meteoric stone characterized by the presence of chondrules.

CHONDRITIC
Chon*drit"ic, a. (Min.)

Defn: Granular; pertaining to, or having the granular structure
characteristic of, the class of meteorites called chondrites.

CHONDRITIS
Chon*dri"tis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -itis.] (Med.)

Defn: An inflammation of cartilage.

CHONDRO-
Chon"dro-. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A combining form meaning a grain, granular, granular cartilage,
cartilaginous; as, the chondrocranium, the cartilaginous skull of the
lower vertebrates and of embryos.

CHONDRODITE
Chon"dro*dite, n. Etym: [Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A fluosilicate of magnesia and iron, yellow to red in color,
often occurring in granular form in a crystalline limestone.

CHONDROGANOIDEA
Chon`dro*ga*noi"de*a, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. ganoidei. See Ganoid.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of ganoid fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so
called on account of their cartilaginous skeleton.

CHONDROGEN
Chon"dro*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Physiol. Chem.)

Defn: Same as Chondrigen.

CHONDROGENESIS
Chon`dro*gen"e*sis, n. Etym: [Gr. genesis.] (Physiol.)

Defn: The development of cartilage.

CHONDROID
Chon"droid, a. Etym: [Gr. -oid.]

Defn: Resembling cartilage.

CHONDROLOGY
Chon*drol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy: cf. F. chondrologie.] (Anat.)

Defn: The science which treats of cartilages. Dunglison.

CHONDROMA
Chon*dro"ma, n.; pl. Chondromata. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. -oma.]

Defn: A cartilaginous tumor or growth.

CHONDROMETER
Chon*drom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter.]

Defn: A steelyard for weighting grain.

CHONDROPTERYGIAN
Chon*drop`ter*yg"i*an, a. Etym: [Cf. F. chondropterygien.]

Defn: Having a cartilaginous skeleton.
 -- n.

Defn: One of the Chondropterygii.

CHONDROPTERYGII
Chon*drop`te*ryg"i*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A group of fishes, characterized by cartilaginous fins and
skeleton. It includes both ganoids (sturgeons, etc.) and selachians
(sharks), but is now often restricted to the latter. [Written also
Chondropterygia.]

CHONDROSTEI
Chon*dros"te*i, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: An order of fishes, including the sturgeons; -- so named
because the skeleton is cartilaginous.

CHONDROTOMY
Chon*drot"o*my, n. Etym: [Gr. (Anat.)

Defn: The dissection of cartilages.

CHONDRULE
Chon"drule, n. Etym: [Dim. from Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A peculiar rounded granule of some mineral, usually enstatite
or chrysolite, found imdedded more or less aboundantly in the mass of
many meteoric stones, which are hence called chondrites.

CHOOSE
Choose, v. t. [imp. Chose; p. p. Chosen, Chose (Obs.); p. pr. & vb.
n. Choosing.] Etym: [OE. chesen, cheosen, AS. ceósan; akin to OS.
kiosan, D. kiezen, G. kiesen, Icel. kjosa, Goth. kiusan, L. gustare
to taste, Gr. jush to enjoy. *46. Cf. Choice, 2d Gust.]

1. To make choice of; to select; to take by way of preference from
two or more objects offered; to elect; as, to choose the least of two
evils.
Choose me for a humble friend. Pope.

2. To wish; to desire; to prefer. [Colloq.]
The landlady now returned to know if we did not choose a more genteel
apartment. Goldsmith.
To choose sides. See under Side.

Syn. - To select; prefer; elect; adopt; follow.
 -- To Choose, Prefer, Elect. To choose is the generic term, and
denotes to take or fix upon by an act of the will, especially in
accordance with a decision of the judgment. To prefer is to choose or
favor one thing as compared with, and more desirable than, another,
or more in accordance with one's tastes and feelings. To elect is to
choose or select for some office, employment, use, privilege, etc.,
especially by the concurrent vote or voice of a sufficient number of
electors. To choose a profession; to prefer private life to a public
one; to elect members of Congress.

CHOOSE
Choose, v. i.

1. To make a selection; to decide.
They had only to choose between implicit obedience and open
rebellion. Prescott.

2. To do otherwise. "Can I choose but smile" Pope. Can not choose
but, must necessarily.
Thou canst not choose but know who I am. Shak.

CHOOSER
Choos"er, n.

Defn: One who chooses; one who has the power or right of choosing; an
elector. Burke.

CHOP
Chop, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chopped; p. pr. & vb. n. Chopping.] Etym:
[Cf. LG. & D. kappen, Dan. kappe, Sw. kappa. Cf. Chap to crack.]

1. To cut by striking repeatedly with a sharp instrument; to cut into
pieces; to mince; -- often with up.

2. To sever or separate by one more blows of a sharp instrument; to
divide; -- usually with off or down.
Chop off your hand, and it to the king. Shak.

3. To seize or devour greedily; -- with up. [Obs.]
Upon the opening of his mouth he drops his breakfast, which the fox
presently chopped up. L'estrange.

CHOP
Chop, v. i.

1. To make a quick strike, or repeated strokes, with an ax or other
sharp instrument.

2. To do something suddenly with an unexpected motion; to catch or
attempt to seize.
Out of greediness to get both, he chops at the shadow, and loses the
substance. L'Estrange.

3. To interrupt; -- with in or out.
This fellow interrupted the sermon, even suddenly chopping in.
Latimer.

CHOP
Chop, v. t. Etym: [Cf. D. koopen to buy. See Cheapen, v. t., and cf.
Chap, v. i., to buy.]

1. To barter or truck.

2. To exchange; substitute one thing for another.
We go on chopping and changing our friends. L'Estrange.
To chop logic, to dispute with an affected use of logical terms; to
argue sophistically.

CHOP
Chop, v. i.

1. To purchase by way of truck.

2. (Naut.)

Defn: To vary or shift suddenly; as, the wind chops about.

3. To wrangle; to altercate; to bandy words.
Let not the counsel at the bar chop with the judge. Bacon.

CHOP
Chop, n.

Defn: A change; a vicissitude. Marryat.

CHOP
Chop, v. t. & i.

Defn: To crack. See Chap, v. t. & i.

CHOP
Chop, n.

1. The act of chopping; a stroke.

2. A piece chopped off; a slice or small piece, especially of meat;
as, a mutton chop.

3. A crack or cleft. See Chap.

CHOP
Chop, n. Etym: [See Chap.]

1. A jaw of an animal; -- commonly in the pl. See Chops.

2. A movable jaw or cheek, as of a wooden vise.

3. The land at each side of the mouth of a river, harbor, or channel;
as, East Chop or West Chop. See Chops.

CHOP
Chop, n. Etym: [Chin. & Hind. chap stamp, brand.]

1. Quality; brand; as, silk of the first chop.

2. A permit or clearance. Chop dollar, a silver dollar stamped to
attest its purity.
 -- chop of tea, a number of boxes of the same make and quality of
leaf.
 -- Chowchow chop. See under Chowchow.
 -- Grand chop, a ship's port clearance. S. W. Williams.

CHOPBOAT
Chop"boat`, n. Etym: [Chin. chop sort, quality.]

Defn: A licensed lighter employed in the transportation of goods to
and from vessels. [China] S. W. Williams.

CHOPCHURCH
Chop"church`, n. Etym: [See Chop to barter.] (Old Eng. Law)

Defn: An exchanger or an exchange of benefices. [Cant]

CHOPFALLEN
Chop`fall`en, a.

Defn: Having the lower chop or jaw depressed; hence, crestfallen;
dejected; dispirited;downcast. See Chapfallen.

CHOPHOUSE
Chop"house`, n.

Defn: A house where chops, etc., are sold; an eating house.
The freedom of a chophouse. W. Irving.

CHOPHOUSE
Chop"house`, n. Etym: [See Chop quality.]

Defn: A customhouse where transit duties are levied. [China] S. W.
Williams.

CHOPIN
Chop"in, n. Etym: [F. chopine, fr. G. schoppen.]

Defn: A liquid measure formerly used in France and Great Britain,
varying from half a pint to a wine quart.

CHOPIN
Chop"in, n.

Defn: See Chopine.

CHOPINE
Cho*pine", n. Etym: [Cf. OF. chapin, escapin, Sp. chapin, Pg.
chapim.]

Defn: A clog, or patten, having a very thick sole, or in some cases
raised upon a stilt to a height of a foot or more. [Variously spelt
chioppine, chopin, etc.]
Your ladyship is nearer to heaven than when I saw you last, by the
altitude of a chopine. Shak.

CHOP-LOGIC
Chop"-log`ic, n.

Defn: One who bandies words or is very argunentative. [Jocular] Shak.

CHOPNESS
Chop"ness, n.

Defn: A kind of spade. [Eng.]

CHOPPER
Chop"per, n.

Defn: One who, or that which, chops.

CHOPPING
Chop"ping, a. Etym: [Cf. Chubby.]

Defn: Stout or plump; large. [Obs.] Fenton.

CHOPPING
Chop"ping, a. Etym: [See Chop to barter.]

Defn: Shifting or changing suddenly, as the wind; also, having
tumbling waves dashing against each other; as, a chopping sea.

CHOPPING
Chop"ping, n.

Defn: Act of cutting by strokes. Chopping block, a solid block of
wood on which butchers and others chop meat, etc.
 -- Chopping knife, a knife for chopping or mincing meat, vegetables,
etc.; -- usually with a handle at the back of the blade instead of at
the end.

CHOPPY
Chop"py, a. Etym: [Cf. Chappy.]

1. Full of cracks. "Choppy finger." Shak.

2. Etym: [Cf. Chop a change.]

Defn: Rough, with short, tumultuous waves; as, a choppy sea.

CHOPS
Chops, n. pl. Etym: [See Chop a jaw.]

1. The jaws; also, the fleshy parts about the mouth.

2. The sides or capes at the mouth of a river, channel, harbor, or
bay; as, the chops of the English Channel.

CHOPSTICK
Chop"stick", n.

Defn: One of two small sticks of wood, ivory, etc., used by the
Chinese and Japanese to convey food to the mouth.

CHOP SUEY; CHOP SOOY
Chop su"ey or Chop soo"y . [Chin. (Cantonese) shap sui odds and ends,
fr. shap for sap to enter the mouth + sui small bits pounded fine.]

Defn: A mélange served in Chinese restaurants to be eaten with rice,
noodles, etc. It consists typically of bean sprouts, onions,
mushrooms, etc., and sliced meats, fried and flavored with sesame
oil. [U. S.]

CHORAGIC
Cho*rag"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a choragus. Choragic monument, a building
or column built by a victorious choragus for the reception and
exhibition of the tripod which he received as a prize. Those of
Lysicrates and Thrasyllus are still to be seen at Athens.

CHORAGUS
Cho*ra"gus, n.; pl. Choragi. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Gr. Antiq.)

Defn: A chorus leader; esp. one who provided at his own expense and
under his own supervision one of the choruses for the musical
contents at Athens.

CHORAL
Cho"ral, a. Etym: [LL. choralis, fr. L. chorus. See Chorus.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to a choir or chorus; singing, sung, or
adapted to be sung, in chorus or harmony. Choral service, a service
of song.

CHORAL
Cho"ral, n. (Mus.)

Defn: A hymn tune; a simple sacred tune, sung in unison by the
congregation; as, the Lutheran chorals. [Sometimes written chorale.]

CHORALIST
Cho"ral*ist, n.

Defn: A singer or composer of chorals.

CHORALLY
Cho"ral*ly, adv.

Defn: In the manner of a chorus; adapted to be sung by a choir; in
harmony.

CHORD
Chord, n. Etym: [L chorda a gut, a string made of a gut, Gr. cord.
See Cord.]

1. The string of a musical instrument. Milton.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: A combination of tones simultaneously performed, producing more
or less perfect harmony, as, the common chord.

3. (Geom.)

Defn: A right line uniting the extremities of the arc of a circle or
curve.

4. (Anat.)

Defn: A cord. See Cord, n., 4.

5. (Engin.)

Defn: The upper or lower part of a truss, usually horizontal,
resisting compression or tension. Waddell. Accidental, Common, and
Vocal chords. See under Accidental, Common, and Vocal.
 -- Chord of an arch. See Illust. of Arch.
 -- Chord of curvature, a chord drawn from any point of a curve, in
the circle of curvature for that point.
 -- Scale of chords. See Scale.

CHORD
Chord, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chorded; p. pr. & vb. n. Chording.]

Defn: To provide with musical chords or strings; to string; to tune.
When Jubal struck the chorded shell. Dryden.
Even the solitary old pine tree chords his harp. Beecher.

CHORD
Chord, v. i. (Mus.)

Defn: To accord; to harmonize together; as, this note chords with
that.

CHORDA
Chor"da, n. Etym: [NL., fr. L. chorda. See Chord.] (Anat.)

Defn: A cord. Chorda dorsalis (. Etym: [NL., lit., cord of the back.]
(Anat.) See Notochord.

CHORDAL
Chor"dal, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a chord.

CHORDATA
Chor*da"ta, n. pl. Etym: [NL., fr. L. chorda cord.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A comprehensive division of animals including all Vertebrata
together with the Tunicata, or all those having a dorsal nervous
cord.

CHORDEE
Chor*dee", n. Etym: [F. cordé, cordée, p. p. of corder to cord.]
(Med.)

Defn: A painful erection of the penis, usually with downward
curvature, occurring in gonorrhea.

CHORE
Chore, n. Etym: [The same word as char work done by the day.]

Defn: A small job; in the pl., the regular or daily light work of a
household or farm, either within or without doors. [U. S.]

CHORE
Chore, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chored; p. pr. & vb. n. Choring.]

Defn: To do chores. [U. S.]

CHORE
Chore, n.

Defn: A choir or chorus. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

CHOREA
Cho*re"a. n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: St. Vitus's dance; a disease attended with convulsive
twitchings and other involuntary movements of the muscles or limbs.

CHOREE
Cho*ree", n. Etym: [F. chorée.]

Defn: See Choreus.

CHOREGRAPHIC; CHOREGRAPHICAL
Cho`re*graph"ic, Cho`re*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to choregraphy.

CHOREGRAPHY
Cho*reg"ra*phy, n. Etym: [GR. -graphy.]

Defn: The art of representing dancing by signs, as music is
represented by notes. Craig.

CHOREIC
Cho*re"ic, a.

Defn: Of the nature of, or pertaining to, chorea; convulsive.

CHOREPISCOPAL
Cho`re*pis"co*pal, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a chorepiscopus or his change or authority.

CHOREPISCOPUS
Cho`re*pis"co*pus, n.; pl. Chorepiscopi. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. Bishop.]
(Eccl.)

Defn: A "country" or suffragan bishop, appointed in the ancient
church by a diocesan bishop to exercise episcopal jurisdiction in a
rural district.

CHOREUS; CHOREE
Cho*re"us, Cho*ree" (, n. Etym: [L. choreus, Gr. chorée.] (Anc.
Pros.)
(a) a trochee.
(b) A tribrach.

CHORIAMB
Cho"ri*amb, n.; pl. Choriambs (.

Defn: Same as Choriambus.

CHORIAMBIC
Cho`ri*am"bic, a. Etym: [L. choriambicus, gr.

Defn: Pertaining to a choriamb.
 -- n.

Defn: A choriamb.

CHORIAMBUS
Cho`ri*am"bus, n.; pl. L. Choriambi, E. Choriambuses. Etym: [L.
choriambus, Gr. (Anc. Pros.)

Defn: A foot consisting of four syllables, of which the first and
last are long, and the other short (- ~ ~ -); that is, a choreus, or
trochee, and an iambus united.

CHORIC
Cho"ric, a. Etym: [L. choricus, Gr.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a chorus.
I remember a choric ode in the Hecuba. Coleridge.

CHORION
Cho"ri*on, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr.

1. (Anat.)
(a) The outer membrane which invests the fetus in the womb; also, the
similar membrane investing many ova at certain stages of development.
(b) The true skin, or cutis.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: The outer membrane of seeds of plants.

CHORISIS
Cho"ri*sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: The separation of a leaf or floral organ into two more parts.

Note: In collateral chorisis the parts are side by side.
 -- In parallel or median chorisis they are one in front of another.

CHORIST
Cho"rist, n. Etym: [F. choriste.]

Defn: A singer in a choir; a chorister. [R.]

CHORISTER
Chor"is*ter, n. Etym: [See Chorus.]

1. One of a choir; a singer in a chorus. Dryden.

2. One who leads a choir in church music. [U. S.]

CHORISTIC
Cho*ris"tic, a.

Defn: Choric; choral. [R.]

CHOROGRAPH
Cho"ro*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph.]

Defn: An instrument for constructing triangles in marine surveying,
etc.

CHOROGRAPHER
Cho*rog"ra*pher, n.

1. One who describes or makes a map of a district or region. "The
chorographers of Italy." Sir T. Browne.

2. A geographical antiquary; one who investigates the locality of
ancient places.

CHOROGRAPHICAL
Cho`ro*graph"ic*al, a.

Defn: Pertaining to chorography.
 -- Cho`ro*graph"ic*al*ly, adv.

CHOROGRAPHY
Cho*rog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [L. chorographia, Gr.

Defn: the mapping or description of a region or district.
The chorography of their provinces. Sir T. Browne.

CHOROID
Cho"roid, a. Etym: [gr. (Anat.)

Defn: resembling the chorion; as, the choroid plexuses of the
ventricles of the brain, and the choroid coat of the eyeball.
 -- n.

Defn: The choroid coat of the eye. See Eye. Choroid plexus (Anat.),
one of the delicate fringelike processes, consisting almost entirely
of blood vessels, which project into the ventricles of the brain.

CHOROIDAL
Cho*roid"al, a. (Anat.)

Defn: Pertaining to the choroid coat.

CHOROLOGY
Cho*rol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.] (Biol.)

Defn: The science which treats of the laws of distribution of living
organisms over the earth's surface as to latitude, altitude,
locality, etc.
Its distribution or chorology. Huxley.

CHOROMETRY
Cho*rom"e*try, n. Etym: [Gr. -metry.]

Defn: The art of surveying a region or district.

CHORTLE
Chor"tle, v. t. & i.  [imp. & p. p. Chortled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Chor"tling.]

Defn: A word coined by Lewis Carroll (Charles L. Dodgson), and
usually explained as a combination of chuckle and snort. [Humorous]

O frabjous day ! Callooh ! Callay !
He chortled in his joy.
Lewis Carroll.

CHORUS
Cho"rus, n.; pl. Choruses. Etym: [L., a dance in a ring, a dance
accompanied with song; a chorus, a band of dancers and singers. Gr.
Choir.]

1. (Antiq.)

Defn: A band of singers and dancers.
The Grecian tragedy was at first nothing but a chorus of singers.
Dryden.

2. (Gr. Drama)

Defn: A company of persons supposed to behold what passed in the acts
of a tragedy, and to sing the sentiments which the events suggested
in couplets or verses between the acts; also, that which was thus
sung by the chorus.
What the lofty, grave tragedians taught In chorus or iambic. Milton.

3. An interpreter in a dumb show or play. [Obs.]

4. (Mus.)

Defn: A company of singers singing in concert.

5. (Mus.)

Defn: A composition of two or more parts, each of which is intended
to be sung by a number of voices.

6. (Mus.)

Defn: Parts of a song or hymn recurring at intervals, as at the end
of stanzas; also, a company of singers who join with the singer or
choir in singer or choir in singing such parts.

7. The simultaneous of a company in any noisy demonstration; as, a
Chorus of shouts and catcalls.

CHORUS
Cho"rus, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chorused; p. pr. & vb. n. Chorusing.]

Defn: To sing in chorus; to exclaim simultaneously. W. D. Howells.

CHOSE
Chose, n.; pl. Choses. Etym: [F., fr. L. causa cause, reason. See
Cause.] (Law)

Defn: A thing; personal property. Chose in action, a thing of which
one has not possession or actual enjoyment, but only a right to it,
or a right to demand it by action at law, and which does not exist at
the time in specie; a personal right to a thing not reduced to
possession, but recoverable by suit at law; as a right to recover
money due on a contract, or damages for a tort, which can not be
enforced against a reluctant party without suit.
 -- Chose in possession, a thing in possession, as distinguished from
a thing in action.
 -- Chose local, a thing annexed to a place, as a mill.
 -- Chose transitory, a thing which is movable. Cowell. Blount.

CHOSE
Chose,

Defn: imp. & p. p. of Choose.

CHOSEN
Cho"sen, p. p. of Choose.

Defn: Selected from a number; picked out; choice.
Seven hundred chosen men left-handed. Judg. xx. 16.

CHOSEN
Cho"sen, n.

Defn: One who, or that which is the object of choice or special
favor.

CHOU
Chou, n.; pl. Choux (#). [F., fr. L. caulis stalk.]

1. A cabbage.

2.  A kind of light pastry, usually in the form of a small round
cake, and with a filling, as of jelly or cream.

3.  A bunch, knot, or rosette of ribbon or other material, used as an
ornament in women's dress.

CHOUAN
Chou"an, n. Etym: [F.]

Defn: One of the royalist insurgents in western France (Brittany,
etc.), during and after the French revolution.

CHOUGH
Chough, n. Etym: [OE. choughe, kowe (and cf. OE. ca), fr. AS. ceó;
cf. also D. kauw, OHG. chaha; perh. akin to E. caw. *22. Cf. Caddow.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A bird of the Crow family (Fregilus graculus) of Europe. It is
of a black color, with a long, slender, curved bill and red legs; --
also called chauk, chauk-daw, chocard, Cornish chough, red-legged
crow. The name is also applied to several allied birds, as the Alpine
chough. Cornish chough (Her.), a bird represented black, with red
feet, and beak; -- called also aylet and sea swallow.

CHOUICHA
Chou"i*cha, n. Etym: [Native name] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The salmon of the Columbia River or California. See Quinnat.

CHOUKA
Chou"ka, n. Etym: [Native name] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The Indian four-horned antelope; the chikara.

CHOULE
Choule, n. [Obs.]

Defn: See Jowl. Sir W. Scott.

CHOULTRY
Choul"try, n.

Defn: See Choltry.

CHOUSE
Chouse, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Choused; p. pr. & vb. n. Chousing.] Etym:
[From Turk. cha\'d4sh a messenger or interpreter, one of whom,
attached to the Turkish embassy, in 1609 cheated the Turkish
merchants resident in England out of £4,000.]

Defn: To cheat, trick, defraud; -- followed by of, or out of; as, to
chouse one out of his money. [Colloq.]
The undertaker of the afore-cited poesy hath choused your highness.
Landor.

CHOUSE
Chouse, n.

1. One who is easily cheated; a tool; a simpleton; a gull. Hudibras.

2. A trick; sham; imposition. Johnson.

3. A swindler. B. Jonson.

CHOUT
Chout, n. Etym: [Mahratta chauth one fourth part.]

Defn: An assessment equal to a fourth part of the revenue. [India] J.
Mill.

CHOW
Chow, n. [Chin chou.]

Defn: A prefecture or district of the second rank in China, or the
chief city of such a district; -- often part of the name of a city,
as in Foochow.

CHOWCHOW
Chow"chow`, a. Etym: [Chin.]

Defn: Consisting of several kinds mingled together; mixed; as,
chowchow sweetmeats (preserved fruits put together).

Chowchow chop, the last lighter containing the small sundry packages
sent off to fill up a ship. S. W. Williams.

CHOWCHOW
Chow"chow`, n. (Com.)

Defn: A kind of mixed pickles.

CHOWDER
Chow"der, n. Etym: [F. chaudière a kettle, a pot. Cf. Caldron.]

1. (Cookery)

Defn: A dish made of fresh fish or clams, biscuit, onions, etc.,
stewed together.

2. A seller of fish. [Prov. Eng.] Halliwell. Chowder beer, a liquor
made by boiling black spruce in water and mixing molasses with the
decoction.

CHOWDER
Chow"der, v. t.

Defn: To make a chowder of.

CHOWRY
Chow"ry, n. Etym: [Hind. chaunri.]

Defn: A whisk to keep off files, used in the East Indies. Malcom.

CHOWTER
Chow"ter, v. t. Etym: [Cf. OE. chowre, and Prov. E. chow, to
grumble.]

Defn: To grumble or mutter like a froward child. [Obs.] E. Phillips.

CHOY ROOT
Choy" root`.

Defn: See Chay root.

CHREMATISTICS
Chre`ma*tis"tics, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The science of wealth; the science, or a branch of the science,
of political economy.

CHREOTECHNICS
Chre`o*tech"nics, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The science of the useful arts, esp. agriculture, manufactures,
and commerce. [R.]

CHRESTOMATHIC
Chres`to*math"ic, a.

Defn: Teaching what is useful. "A chrestomathic school." Southey.

CHRESTOMATHY
Chres*tom"a*thy, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A selection of passages, with notes, etc., to be used in
acquiring a language; as, a Hebrew chrestomathy.

CHRISM
Chrism, n. Etym: [OE. crisme, from AS. crisma; also OE. creme, fr.
OF. cresme, like the AS. word fr. LL. chrisma, fr. Gr. friare,
fricare, to rub, Skr. gharsh, E. friable, friction. Cf. Chrisom.]
(Gr. & R. C. Church

1. Olive oil mixed with balm and spices, consecrated by the bishop on
Maundy Thursday, and used in the administration of baptism,
confirmation, ordination, etc.

2. The same as Chrisom.

CHRISMAL
Chris"mal, a. Etym: [LL. chrismalis.]

Defn: Of or pertaining to or used in chrism.

CHRISMATION
Chris*ma"tion, n. Etym: [LL. chrismatio.]

Defn: The act of applying the chrism, or consecrated oil.
Chrismation or cross-signing with ointment, was used in baptism. Jer.
Taylor.

CHRISMATORY
Chris"ma*to*ry, n. Etym: [LL. chrismatorium.]

Defn: A cruet or vessel in which chrism is kept.

CHRISOM
Chris"om, n. Etym: [See Chrism.]

1. A white cloth, anointed with chrism, or a white mantle thrown over
a child when baptized or christened. [Obs.]

2. A child which died within a month after its baptism; -- so called
from the chrisom cloth which was used as a shroud for it. [Obs.]
Blount.

CHRIST
Christ, n. Etym: [L. Christus, Gr. chri`ein to anoint. See Chrism.]

Defn: The Anointed; an appellation given to Jesus, the Savior. It is
synonymous with the Hebrew Messiah.

CHRISTCROSS
Christ"cross`, n.

1. The mark of the cross, as cut, painted, written, or stamped on
certain objects, -- sometimes as the sign of 12 o'clock on a dial.
The fescue of the dial is upon the christcross of noon. Old Play.
Nares.

2. The beginning and the ending. [Obs.] Quarles.

CHRISTCROSS-ROW
Christ"cross-row`,

Defn: The alphabet; -- formerly so called, either from the cross
usually set before it, or from a superstitious custom, sometimes
practiced, of writing it in the form of a cross, by way of a charm.
From infant conning of the Christcross-row. Wordsworth.

CHRISTEN
Chris"ten, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Christened; p. pr. & vb. n.
Christening.] Etym: [AS. cristnian to make a Christian, fr. cristen a
Christian.]

1. To baptize and give a Christian name to.

2. To give a name; to denominate. "Christen the thing what you will."
Bp. Burnet.

3. To Christianize. [Obs.] Jer. Taylor.

4. To use for the first time. [Colloq.]

CHRISTENDOM
Chris"ten*dom, n. Etym: [AS. cristend; cristen a Christian + -dom.]

1. The profession of faith in Christ by baptism; hence, the Christian
religion, or the adoption of it. [Obs.] Shak.

2. The name received at baptism; or, more generally, any name or
appelation. [Obs.]
Pretty, fond, adoptious christendoms. Shak.

3. That portion of the world in which Christianity prevails, or which
is governed under Christian institutions, in distinction from heathen
or Mohammedan lands.
The Arian doctrine which then divided Christendom. Milton
A wide and still widening Christendom. Coleridge.

4. The whole body of Christians. Hooker.

CHRISTIAN
Chris"tian, n. Etym: [L. christianus, Gr. cristen. See Christ.]

1. One who believes, or professes or is assumed to believe, in Jesus
Christ, and the truth as taught by Him; especially, one whose inward
and outward life is conformed to the doctrines of Christ.
The disciples were called Christians first in Antioch. Acts xi. 26.

2. One born in a Christian country or of Christian parents, and who
has not definitely becomes an adherent of an opposing system.

3. (Eccl.)
(a) One of a Christian denomination which rejects human creeds as
bases of fellowship, and sectarian names. They are congregational in
church government, and baptize by immersion. They are also called
Disciples of Christ, and Campbellites.
(b) One of a sect (called Christian Connection) of open-communion
immersionists. The Bible is their only authoritative rule of faith
and practice.

Note: In this sense, often pronounced, but not by the members of the
sects, kris"chan.

CHRISTIAN
Chris"tian, a.

1. Pertaining to Christ or his religion; as, Christian people.

3. Pertaining to the church; ecclesiastical; as, a Christian court.
Blackstone.

4. Characteristic of Christian people; civilized; kind; kindly;
gentle; beneficent.
The graceful tact; the Christian art. Tennyson.
Christian Commission. See under Commission.
 -- Christian court. Same as Ecclesiastical court.
 -- Christian era, the present era, commencing with the birth of
Christ. It is supposed that owing to an error of a monk (Dionysius
Exiguus, d. about 556) employed to calculate the era, its
commencement was fixed three or four years too late, so that 1890
should be 1893 or 1894.
 -- Christian name, the name given in baptism, as distinct from the
family name, or surname.

CHRISTIAN ERA
Christian Era.

Defn: The era in use in all Christian countries, which was intended
to commence with the birth of Christ. The era as now established was
first used by Dionysius Exiguus (died about 540), who placed the
birth of Christ on the 25th of December in the year of Rome 754,
which year he counted as 1 a. d. This date for Christ's birth is now
generally thought to be about four years too late.

CHRISTIANISM
Chris`tian*ism, n. Etym: [L. christianismus, Gr. christianisme.]

1. The Christian religion. [Obs.] Milton.

2. The Christian world; Christendom. [Obs.] Johnson

CHRISTIANITE
Chris"tian*ite, n. Etym: [In sense (a) named after Christian
Frederic, of Denmark; in sense (b) after Christian VII., of Denmark.]
(Min.)
(a) Same as Anorthite. [R.]
(b) See Phillipsite.

CHRISTIANITY
Chris*tian"i*ty, n. Etym: [OE. cristiente, OF. cristienté, F.
chrétienté, fr. L. christianitas. ]

1. The religion of Christians; the system of doctrines and precepts
taught by Christ.

2. Practical conformity of one's inward and outward life to the
spirit of the Christian religion

3. The body of Christian believers. [Obs.]
To Walys fled the christianitee Of olde Britons. Chaucer.

CHRISTIANIZATION
Chris`tian*i*za"tion, n.

Defn: The act or process of converting or being converted to a true
Christianity.

CHRISTIANIZE
Chris"tian*ize, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Christianized (; p. pr. vb. n.
Christianizing.] Etym: [Cf. F. christianiser, L. christianizare, fr.
Gr.

1. To make Christian; to convert to Christianity; as, to Christianize
pagans.

2. To imbue with or adapt to Christian principles.
Christianized philosophers. I. Taylor.

CHRISTIANIZE
Chris"tian*ize, v. i.

Defn: To adopt the character or belief of a Christian; to become
Christian.
The pagans began to Christianize. Latham.

CHRISTIANLIKE
Chris"tian*like`, a.

Defn: Becoming to a Christian.
A virtuous and a Christianlike conclusion. Shak.

CHRISTIANLY
Chris"tian*ly, adv.

Defn: In a manner becoming the principles of the Christian religion.
Sufferings . . . patiently and Christianly borne. Sharp.

CHRISTIANLY
Chris"tian*ly, a.

Defn: Christianlike. Longfellow.

CHRISTIANNESS
Chris"tian*ness, n.

Defn: Consonance with the doctrines of Christianity. [Obs.] Hammond.

CHRISTIAN SCIENCE
Christian Science.

Defn: A system of healing disease of mind and body which teaches that
all cause and effect is mental, and that sin, sickness, and death
will be destroyed by a full understanding of the Divine Principle of
Jesus' teaching and healing. The system was founded by Rev. Mary
Baker Glover Eddy, of Concord, N. H., in 1866, and bases its teaching
on the Scriptures as understood by its adherents.

CHRISTIAN SCIENTIST
Christian Scientist.

Defn: A believer in Christian Science; one who practices its
teachings.

CHRISTIAN SENECA
Christian Seneca.

Defn: Joseph Hall (1574 -- 1656), Bishop of Norwich, a divine eminent
as a moralist.

CHRISTIAN SOCIALISM
Christian Socialism.

Defn: Any theory or system that aims to combine the teachings of
Christ with the teachings of socialism in their applications to life;
Christianized socialism; esp., the principles of this nature
advocated by F. D. Maurice, Charles Kingsley, and others in England
about 1850. -- Christian socialist.

CHRISTLESS
Christ"less, a.

Defn: Without faith in Christ; unchristian. Tennyson.

CHRISTLIKE
Christ"like`, a.

Defn: Resembling Christ in character, actions, etc.
 -- Christ"like`ness, n.

CHRISTLY
Christ"ly, a.

Defn: Christlike. H. Bushnell.

CHRISTMAS
Christ"mas, n. Etym: [Christ + mass.]

Defn: An annual church festival (December 25) and in some States a
legal holiday, in memory of the birth of Christ, often celebrated by
a particular church service, and also by special gifts, greetings,
and hospitality. Christmas box. (a) A box in which presents are
deposited at Christmas. (b) A present or small gratuity given to
young people and servants at Christmas; a Christmas gift.
 -- Christmas carol, a carol sung at, or suitable for, Christmas.
 -- Christmas day. Same as Christmas.
 -- Christmas eve, the evening before Christmas.
 -- Christmas fern (Bot.), an evergreen North American fern (Aspidium
acrostichoides), which is much used for decoration in winter.
 -- Christmas flower, Christmas rose, the black hellebore, a
poisonous plant of the buttercup family, which in Southern Europe
often produces beautiful roselike flowers midwinter.
 -- Christmas tree, a small evergreen tree, set up indoors, to be
decorated with bonbons, presents, etc., and illuminated on Christmas
eve.

CHRISTMASTIDE
Christ"mas*tide`, n. Etym: [Christmas + tide time.]

Defn: The season of Christmas.

CHRISTOCENTRIC
Chris"to*cen"tric, a. Etym: [Christ + centric.]

Defn: Making Christ the center, about whom all things are grouped, as
in religion or history; tending toward Christ, as the central object
of thought or emotion. J. W. Chadwick.

CHRISTOLOGY
Chris*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Crist + -logy.]

Defn: A treatise on Christ; that department of theology which treats
of the personality, attributes, or life of Christ.

CHRISTOM
Chris"tom, n.

Defn: See Chrisom. [Obs.] Shak.

CHRISTOPHANY
Chris*toph"a*ny, n. Etym: [Christ + Gr.

Defn: An appearance of Christ, as to his disciples after the
crucifixion.

CHRIST'S-THORN
Christ's-thorn`, n. (Bot.)

Defn: One of several prickly or thorny shrubs found in Palestine,
especially the Paliurus aculeatus, Zizyphus Spina-Christi, and Z.
vulgaris. The last bears the fruit called jujube, and may be
considered to have been the most readily obtainable for the Crown of
Thorns.

CHROMASCOPE
Chro"ma*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.]

Defn: An instrument for showing the optical effects of color.

CHROMATE
Chro"mate, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chromate. See Chrome.] (Chem.)

Defn: A salt of chromic acid.

CHROMATIC
Chro*mat"ic, a. Etym: [L. chromaticus, Gr.

1. Relating to color, or to colors.

2. (Mus.)

Defn: Proceeding by the smaller intervals (half steps or semitones)
of the scale, instead of the regular intervals of the diatonic scale.

Note: The intermediate tones were formerly written and printed in
colors. Chromatic aberration. (Opt.) See Aberration, 4.
 -- Chromatic printing, printing from type or blocks covered with
inks of various colors.
 -- Chromatic scale (Mus.), the scale consisting of thirteen tones,
including the eight scale tones and the five intermediate tones.

CHROMATICAL
Chro*mat"ic*al, a.

Defn: Chromatic. [Obs.]

CHROMATICALLY
Chro*mat"ic*al*ly, adv.

Defn: In a chromatic manner.

CHROMATICS
Chro*mat"ics, n.

Defn: The science of colors; that part of optics which treats of the
properties of colors.

CHROMATIN
Chro"ma*tin, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: Tissue which is capable of being stained by dyes.

CHROMATISM
Chro"ma*tism, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. (Optics)

Defn: The state of being colored, as in the case of images formed by
a lens.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: An abnormal coloring of plants.

CHROMATOGENOUS
Chro`ma*tog"e*nous, a. Etym: [Gr. -genous.]

Defn: Producing color.

CHROMATOGRAPHY
Chro`ma*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. -graphy.]

Defn: A treatise on colors

CHROMATOLOGY
Chro`ma*tol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: A treatise on colors.

CHROMATOPHORE
Chro"ma*to*phore`, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A contractile cell or vesicle containing liquid pigment and
capable of changing its form or size, thus causing changes of color
in the translucent skin of such animals as possess them. They are
highly developed and numerous in the cephalopods.

2. (Bot.)

Defn: One of the granules of protoplasm, which in mass give color to
the part of the plant containing them.

CHROMATOSCOPE
Chro"ma*to*scope`, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.] (Astron.)

Defn: A reflecting telescope, part of which is made to rotate
eccentrically, so as to produce a ringlike image of a star, instead
of a point; -- used in studying the scintillation of the stars.

CHROMATOSPHERE
Chro"ma*to*sphere`, n.

Defn: A chromosphere. [R.]

CHROMATROPE
Chro"ma*trope, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. (Physics)

Defn: An instrument for exhibiting certain chromatic effects of light
(depending upon the persistence of vision and mixture of colors) by
means of rapidly rotating disks variously colored.

2. A device in a magic lantern or stereopticon to produce
kaleidoscopic effects.

CHROMATYPE
Chro"ma*type, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. (Photog.)

Defn: A colored photographic picture taken upon paper made sensitive
with potassium bichromate or some other salt of chromium.

2. The process by which such picture is made.

CHROME
Chrome, n.

Defn: Same as Chromium. Chrome alum (Chem.), a dark violet substance,
(SO4)3Cr2.K2SO4.24H2O, analogous to, and crystallizing like, common
alum. It is regarded as a double sulphate of chromium and potassium.
 -- Chrome green (a) The green oxide of chromium, Cr2O3, used in
enamel painting, and glass staining. (b) A pigment made by mixing
chrome yellow with Prussian blue.
 -- Chrome red, a beautiful red pigment originally prepared from the
basic chromate of lead, but now made from red oxide of lead.
 -- Chrome yellow, a brilliant yellow pigment, PbCrO4, used by
painters.

CHROME STEEL
Chrome steel.

Defn: Same as Chromium steel, under Steel.

CHROMIC
Chro"mic, a. (Chem.)

Defn: Pertaining to, or obtained from, chromium; -- said of the
compounds of chromium in which it has its higher valence. Chromic
acid, an acid, H2CrO4, analogous to sulphuric acid, not readily
obtained in the free state, but forming well known salts, many of
which are colored pigments, as chrome yellow, chrome red, etc.
 -- Chromic anhydride, a brilliant red crystalline substance, CrO3,
regarded as the anhydride of chromic acid. It is one of the most
powerful oxidizers known.

CHROMID
Chro"mid, n. Etym: [Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: One of the Chromidæ, a family of fresh-water fishes abundant in
the tropical parts of America and Africa. Some are valuable food
fishes, as the bulti of the Nile.

CHROMIDROSIS
Chro`mi*dro"sis, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Med.)

Defn: Secretion of abnormally colored perspiration.

CHROMISM
Chro"mism, n.

Defn: Same as Chromatism.

CHROMITE
Chro"mite, n.

1. (Min.)

Defn: A black submetallic mineral consisting of oxide of chromium and
iron; -- called also chromic iron.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: A compound or salt of chromous hydroxide regarded as an acid.
[R.]

CHROMIUM
Chro"mi*um, n. Etym: [NL., fr. Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A comparatively rare element occurring most abundantly in the
mineral chromite. Atomic weight 52.5. Symbol Cr. When isolated it is
a hard, brittle, grayish white metal, fusible with difficulty. Its
chief commercial importance is for its compounds, as potassium
chromate, lead chromate, etc., which are brilliantly colored and are
used dyeing and calico printing. Called also chrome.

CHROMO
Chro"mo, n.; pl. Chromos. Etym: [Abbrev. from chromolithograph.]

Defn: A chromolithograph.

CHROMOBLAST
Chro"mo*blast, n. Etym: [Gr. -blast.]

Defn: An embryonic cell which develops into a pigment cell.

CHROMOGEN
Chro"mo*gen, Etym: [Gr. -gen.]

1. (Biol.)

Defn: Vegetable coloring matter other than green; chromule.

2. (Chem.)

Defn: Any colored compound, supposed to contain one or more
chromophores.

CHROMOGENIC
Chro"mo*gen"ic, a. (Biol.)

Defn: Containing, or capable of forming, chromogen; as, chromogenic
bacteria.

CHROMOGRAPH
Chro"mo*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph.]

Defn: An apparatus by which a number of copies of written matter,
maps, plans, etc., can be made; -- called also hectograph.

CHROMOLEUCITE
Chro`mo*leu"cite, n. Etym: [Gr. leucite.] (Bot.)

Defn: A chromoplastid.

CHROMOLITHOGRAPH
Chro`mo*lith"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. lithograph.]

Defn: A picture printed in tints and colors by repeated impressions
from a series of stones prepared by the lithographic process.

CHROMOLITHOGRAPHER
Chro`mo*li*thog"ra*pher, n.

Defn: One who is engaged in chromolithography.

CHROMOLITHOGRAPHIC
Chro"mo*lith`o*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or made by, chromolithography.

CHROMOLITHOGRAPHY
Chro"mo*li*thog"ra*phy, n.

Defn: Lithography adapted to printing in inks of various colors.

CHROMOPHANE
Chro"mo*phane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Physiol.)

Defn: A general name for the several coloring matters, red, green,
yellow, etc., present in the inner segments in the cones of the
retina, held in solution by fats, and slowly decolorized by light;
distinct from the photochemical pigments of the rods of the retina.

CHROMOPHORE
Chro"mo*phore, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: Any chemical group or residue (as NO

CHROMOPHOTOGRAPH
Chro`mo*pho"to*graph, n. [Gr.  color + photograph.]

Defn: A picture made by any of the processes for reproducing
photographs in colors. --Chro`mo*pho`to*graph"ic (#), a.

CHROMOPHOTOGRAPHY
Chro`mo*pho*tog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. photography.]

Defn: The art of producing photographs in colors.

CHROMOPHOTOLITHOGRAPH
Chro"mo*pho`to*lith"o*graph, n.

Defn: A photolithograph printed in colors.

CHROMOPLASTID
Chro`mo*plas"tid, n. Etym: [Gr. plastid.] (Bot.)

Defn: A protoplasmic granule of some other color than green; -- also
called chromoleucite.

CHROMOSOME
Chro"mo*some`, n. Etym: [Gr. (Biol.)

Defn: One of the minute bodies into which the chromatin of the
nucleus is resolved during mitotic cell division; the idant of
Weismann.

CHROMOSPHERE
Chro"mo*sphere, n. Etym: [Gr. sphere.] (Astron.)

Defn: An atmosphere of rare matter, composed principally of
incandescent hydrogen gas, surrounding the sun and enveloping the
photosphere. Portions of the chromosphere are here and there thrown
up into enormous tongues of flame.

CHROMOSPHERIC
Chro`mo*spher"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to the chromosphere.

CHROMOTYPE
Chro"mo*type, n. Etym: [Gr. -type.]

1. A sheet printed in colors by any process, as a chromolithograph.
See Chromolithograph.

2. A photographic picture in the natural colors.

CHROMOUS
Chro"mous, a.

Defn: Of, pertaining to, or derived from, chromium, when this element
has a valence lower than that in chromic compounds. Chromous acid, a
bluish gray powder, CrO.OH, of weak acid properties and regard as an
acid.

CHROMULE
Chro"mule, n. Etym: [Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A general name for coloring matter of plants other than
chlorophyll, especially that of petals.

CHRONIC
Chron"ic, a. Etym: [L. chronicus, Gr. chronique.]

1. Relating to time; according to time.

2. Continuing for a long time; lingering; habitual. Chronic disease,
one which is inveterate, of long continuance, or progresses slowly,
in distinction from an acute disease, which speedly terminates.

CHRONICAL
Chron"ic*al, a.

Defn: Chronic.
Partly on a chronical, and partly on a topical method. J. A.
Alexander.

CHRONICLE
Chron"i*cle, n. Etym: [OE. cronicle, fr. cronique, OF. cronique, F.
chronique, L. chronica, fr. Gr. Chronic.]

1. An historical register or account of facts or events disposed in
the order of time.

2. A narrative of events; a history; a record.

3. pl.

Defn: The two canonical books of the Old Testament in which
immediately follow 2 Kings.

Syn. - Register; record; annals. See History.

CHRONICLE
Chron"i*cle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chronicled; p. pr. & vb. n.
Chronicling.]

Defn: To record in a history or chronicle; to record; to register.
Shak.

CHRONICLER
Chron"i*cler, n.

Defn: A writer of a chronicle; a recorder of events in the order of
time; an historian.
Such an honest chronicler as Griffith. Shak.

CHRONIQUE
Chro`nique", n. Etym: [F. See Chronicle.]

Defn: A chronicle. L. Addison.

CHRONOGRAM
Chron"o*gram, n. Etym: [Gr. chronogramme.]

1. An inscription in which certain numeral letters, made to appear
specially conspicuous, on being added together, express a particular
date or epoch, as in the motto of a medal struck by Gustavus Adolphus
in 1632: ChrIstVs DVX; ergo trIVMphVs. - the capitals of which give,
when added as numerals, the sum 1632.

2. The record or inscription made by a chronograph.

CHRONOGRAMMATIC; CHRONOGRAMMATICAL
Chron`o*gram*mat"ic, Chron`o*gram*mat"ic*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F.
chronogrammatique.]

Defn: Belonging to a chronogram, or containing one.

CHRONOGRAMMATIST
Chron`o*gram"ma*tist, n.

Defn: A writer of chronograms.

CHRONOGRAPH
Chron"o*graph, n. Etym: [Gr. -graph: cf. F. chronographe.]

1. An instrument for measuring or recording intervals of time, upon a
revolving drum or strip of paper moved by clockwork. The action of
the stylus or pen is controlled by electricity.

2. Same as Chronogram, 1. [R.]

3. A chronoscope.

CHRONOGRAPHER
Chro*nog"ra*pher, n.

Defn: One who writes a chronography; a chronologer. Tooke.

CHRONOGRAPHIC
Chron`o*graph"ic, a.

Defn: Of or pertaining to a chronograph.

CHRONOGRAPHY
Chro*nog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr. Chronograph.]

Defn: A description or record of past time; history. [Obs.] Bp. Hall.

CHRONOLOGER
Chro*nol"o*ger, n.

Defn: Same as Chronologist.

CHRONOLOGIC; CHRONOLOGICAL
Chron`o*log"ic, Chron`o*log"ic*al, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Relating to chronology; containing an account of events in the
order of time; according to the order of time; as, chronological
tables. Raleigh.
 -- Chron`o*log"ic*al*ly, adv.

CHRONOLOGIST; CHRONOLOGER
Chro*nol"o*gist, Chro*nol"o*ger, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: A person who investigates dates of events and transactions; one
skilled in chronology.
That learned noise and dust of the chronologist is wholly to be
avoided. Locke.
THe most exact chronologers tell us that Christ was born in October,
and not in December. John Knox.

CHRONOLOGY
Chro*nol"o*gy, n.; pl. Chronologies. Etym: [Gr. chronologie.]

Defn: The science which treats of measuring time by regular divisions
or periods, and which assigns to events or transactions their proper
dates.
If history without chronology is dark and confused, chronology
without history is dry and insipid. A. Holmes.

CHRONOMETER
Chro*nom"e*ter, n. Etym: [Gr. -meter: cf. F. chronomètre.]

1. An instrument for measuring time; a timekeeper.

2. A portable timekeeper, with a heavy compensation balance, and
usually beating half seconds; -- intended to keep time with great
accuracy for use an astronomical observations, in determining
longitude, etc.

3. (Mus.)

Defn: A metronome. Box chronometer. See under Box.
 -- Pocket chronometer, a chronometer in the form of a large watch.
 -- To rate a chronometer. See Rate, v. t.

CHRONOMETRIC; CHRONOMETRICAL
Chron`o*met"ric, Chron`o*met"ric*al, a. Etym: [Cf. F.
chronométrique.]

Defn: Pertaining to a chronometer; measured by a chronometer.

CHRONOMETRY
Chro*nom"e*try, n. Etym: [Cf. F. chronométrie.]

Defn: The art of measuring time; the measuring of time by periods or
divisions.

CHRONOPHER
Chron"o*pher, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: An instrument signaling the correct time to distant points by
electricity.

CHRONOPHOTOGRAPH
Chron`o*pho"to*graph, n. [Gr.  time + photograph.]

Defn: One of a set of photographs of a moving object, taken for the
purpose of recording and exhibiting successive phases of the motion.
--Chron`o*pho*tog"ra*phy, n.

CHRONOSCOPE
Chron"o*scope, n. Etym: [Gr. -scope.]

Defn: An instrument for measuring minute intervals of time; used in
determining the velocity of projectiles, the duration of short-lived
luminous phenomena, etc.

CHRYSALID
Chrys"a*lid, a.

Defn: Pertaining to a chrysalis; resembling a chrysalis.

CHRYSALID
Chrys"a*lid, n.; pl. Chrysalids.

Defn: See Chrysalis.

CHRYSALIS
Chrys"a*lis, n.; pl. Chrysalides. Etym: [L. chrysallis the gold-
colored pupa of butterflies, Gr. Aurelia.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: The pupa state of certain insects, esp. of butterflies, from
which the perfect insect emerges. See Pupa, and Aurelia (a).

CHRYSANILINE
Chrys*an"i*line, n. Etym: [Gr. anilene.] (Chem.)

Defn: A yellow substance obtained as a by-product in the manufacture
of rosaniline. It dyes silk a fine golden-yellow color.

CHRYSANTHEMUM
Chrys*an"the*mum, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Bot.)

Defn: A genus of composite plants, mostly perennial, and of many
species including the many varieties of garden chrysanthemums (annual
and perennial), and also the feverfew and the oxeye daisy.

CHRYSAROBIN
Chrys`a*ro"bin, n. Etym: [Gr. araroba a foreign name of Goa powder +
-in.] (Chem.)

Defn: A bitter, yellow substance forming the essential constituent of
Goa powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid proper; hence formerly
called also chrysphanic acid.

CHRYSAURIN
Chrys*au"rin, n. Etym: [Gr. aurum gold. So called from its color.]

Defn: An orange-colored dyestuff, of artificial production.

CHRYSELEPHANTINE
Chrys`el*e*phan"tine, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Composed of, or adorned with, gold and ivory.

Note: The chryselephantine statues of the Greeks were built up with
inferior materials, veneered, as it were, with ivory for the flesh,
and gold decorated with color for the hair and garments.

CHRYSENE
Chry"sene, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: One of the higher aromatic hydrocarbons of coal tar, allied to
napthalene and anthracene. It is a white crystalline substance,
C18H12, of strong blue fluorescence, but generally colored yellow by
impurities.

CHRYSOBERYL
Chrys"o*ber`yl, n. Etym: [L. chrysoberyllus, Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A mineral, found in crystals, of a yellow to green or brown
color, and consisting of aluminia and glucina. It is very hard, and
is often used as a gem.

CHRYSOCHLORE
Chrys"o*chlore, n. Etym: [Gr. chrysochlore.] (Zoöl.)

Defn: A South African mole of the genus Chrysochloris; the golden
mole, the fur of which reflects brilliant metallic hues of green and
gold.

CHRYSOCOLLA
Chrys"o*col`la, n. Etym: [L., fr. Gr. (Min.)

Defn: A hydrous silicate of copper, occurring massive, of a blue or
greenish blue color.

CHRYSOGEN
Chrys"o*gen, n. Etym: [Gr. -gen.] (Chem.)

Defn: A yellow crystalline substance extracted from crude anthracene.

CHRYSOGRAPHY
Chry*sog"ra*phy, n. Etym: [Gr.

1. The art of writing in letters of gold.

2. A writing executed in letters of gold.

CHRYSOIDINE
Chrys*o"ï*dine, n. Etym: [Gr. -oid + -ine.] (Chem.)

Defn: An artificial, yellow, crystalline dye, C6H5N2.C6H3(NH2)2.
Also, one of a group of dyestuffs resembling chrysoïdine proper.

CHRYSOLITE
Chrys"o*lite, n. Etym: [L. chrysolithos, Gr. chrysolithe.] (Min.)

Defn: A mineral, composed of silica, magnesia, and iron, of a yellow
to green color. It is common in certain volcanic rocks; -- called
also olivine and peridot. Sometimes used as a gem. The name was also
early used for yellow varieties of tourmaline and topaz.

CHRYSOLOGY
Chry*sol"o*gy, n. Etym: [Gr. -logy.]

Defn: That branch of political economy which relates to the
production of wealth.

CHRYSOPA
Chrys*o"pa, n. Etym: [NL., from Gr. (Zoöl.)

Defn: A genus of neuropterous insects. See Lacewing.

CHRYSOPHANE
Chrys"o*phane, n. Etym: [Gr. (Chem.)

Defn: A glucoside extracted from rhubarb as a bitter, yellow,
crystalline powder, and yielding chrysophanic acid on decomposition.

CHRYSOPHANIC
Chrys`o*phan"ic, a.

Defn: Pertaining to, or derived from, or resembling, chrysophane.
Chrysophanic acid (Chem.), a yellow crystalline substance extracted
from rhubarb, yellow dock, sienna, chrysarobin, etc., and shown to be
a derivative of an anthracene. It is used in the treatment of skin
diseases; -- called also rhein, rheic acid, rhubarbarin, etc.

CHRYSOPRASE
Chrys"o*prase, n. Etym: [OE. crisopace, OF. crisoprace, F.
chrysoprase, L. chrysoprasus, fr. Gr. (Min.)

Defn: An apple-green variety of chalcedony, colored by nickel. It has
a dull flinty luster, and is sometimes used in jewelry.

CHRYSOPRASUS
Chry*sop"ra*sus, n. Etym: [L.]

Defn: See Chrysoprase. Rev. xxi. 20.

CHRYSOSPERM
Chrys"o*sperm, n. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: The seed of gold; a means of creating gold. [Obs.] B. Jonson.

CHRYSOTYPE
Chrys"o*type, n. Etym: [Gr. -type.]

1. A photographic picture taken upon paper prepared by the use of a
sensitive salt of iron and developed by the application of chloride
of gold. Abney.

2. 2process, invented by Sir J.Herschel.

CHTHONIAN
Chtho"ni*an, a. [Gr.  in or under the earth, fr. , , earth.]

Defn: Designating, or pertaining to, gods or spirits of the
underworld; esp., relating to the underworld gods of the Greeks,
whose worship is widely considered as more primitive in form than
that of the Olympian gods. The characteristics of chthonian worship
are propitiatory and magical rites and generalized or euphemistic
names of the deities, which are supposed to have been primarily
ghosts.

CHTHONIC
Chthon"ic, a. Etym: [Gr.

Defn: Pertaining to the earth; earthy; as, chthonic religions.
[The] chthonic character of the wife of Zeus. Max Müller.

CHTHONOPHAGIA; CHTHONOPHAGY
Chthon`o*pha"gi*a, Chtho*noph"a*gy, n. Etym: [NL. chthonophagia; Gr.

Defn: A disease characterized by an irresistible desire to eat earth,
observed in some parts of the southern United States, the West
Indies, etc.

CHUB
Chub, n. Etym: [This word seems to signify a large or thick fish. Cf.
Sw. kubb a short and thick piece of wood, and perh. F. chabot chub.]
(Zoöl.)

Defn: A species to fresh-water fish of the Cyprinidæ or Carp family.
The common European species is Leuciscus cephalus; the cheven. In
America the name is applied to various fishes of the same family, of
the genera Semotilus, Squalius, Ceratichthys, etc., and locally to
several very different fishes, as the tautog, black bass, etc. Chub
mackerel (Zoöl.), a species of mackerel (Scomber colias) in some
years found in abundance on the Atlantic coast, but absent in others;
-- called also bull mackerel, thimble-eye, and big-eye mackerel.
 -- Chub sucker (Zoöl.), a fresh-water fish of the United States
(Erimyzon sucetta); -- called also creekfish.

CHUBBED
Chub"bed, a.

Defn: Chubby. [R.] H. Brooke.

CHUBBEDNESS
Chub"bed*ness, n.

Defn: The state of being chubby.

CHUBBY
Chub"by, a.

Defn: Like a chub; plump, short, and thick. "Chubby faces." I.
Taylor.

CHUB-FACED
Chub"-faced`, a.

Defn: Having a plump, short face.

CHUCK
Chuck, v. i. [imp. & p. p. Chucked; p. pr. & vb. n. Chucking.] Etym:
[Imitative of the sound.]

1. To make a noise resembling that of a hen when she calls her
chickens; to cluck.

2. To chuckle; to laugh. [R.] Marston.

CHUCK
Chuck, v. t.

Defn: To call, as a hen her chickens. Dryden.

CHUCK
Chuck, n.

1. The chuck or call of a hen.

2. A sudden, small noise.

3. A word of endearment; -- corrupted from chick. "Pray, chuck, come
hither." Shak.

CHUCK
Chuck, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chucked; p. pr. & vb. n. Chucking.] Etym:
[F. choquer to strike. Cf. Shock, v. t.]

1. To strike gently; to give a gentle blow to.
Chucked the barmaid under the chin. W. Irving.

2. To toss or throw smartly out of the hand; to pitch. [Colloq.]
"Mahomet Ali will just be chucked into the Nile." Lord Palmerson.

3. (Mech.)

Defn: To place in a chuck, or hold by means of a chuck, as in
turning; to bore or turn (a hole) in a revolving piece held in a
chuck.

CHUCK
Chuck, n.

1. A slight blow or pat under the chin.

2. A short throw; a toss.

3. (Mach.)

Defn: A contrivance or machine fixed to the mandrel of a lathe, for
holding a tool or the material to be operated upon.

Chuck farthing, a play in which a farthing is pitched into a hole;
pitch farthing.
 -- Chuck hole, a deep hole in a wagon rut.
 -- Elliptic chuck, a chuck having a silder and an eccentric circle,
which, as the work turns round, give it a sliding motion across the
center which generates an ellipse. Knight.

CHUCK
Chuck, n.

1. A small pebble; -- called also chuckstone and chuckiestone.
[Scot.]

2. pl.

Defn: A game played with chucks, in which one or more are tossed up
and caught; jackstones. [Scot.]

CHUCK
Chuck, n.

Defn: A piece of the backbone of an animal, from between the neck and
the collar bone, with the adjoining parts, cut for cooking; as, a
chuck steak; a chuck roast. [Colloq.]

CHUCKLE
Chuc"kle, v. t. [imp. & p. p. Chuckled; p. pr. & vb. n. Chuckling.]
Etym: [From lst Chuck.]

1. To call, as a hen her chickens; to cluck. [Obs.] Dryden.

2. To fondle; to cocker. [Obs.] Dryden.

CHUCKLE
Chuc"kle, n.

Defn: A short, suppressed laugh; the expression of satisfaction,
exultation, or derision.

CHUCKLE
Chuc"kle, v. i. Etym: [From lst Chuck.]

Defn: To laugh in a suppressed or broken manner, as expressing inward
satisfaction, exultation, or derision.

CHUCKLEHEAD
Chuc"kle*head`, n.

Defn: A person with a large head; a numskull; a dunce. [Low] Knowles.

CHUCKLEHEADED
Chuc"kle*head`ed, a.

Defn: Having a large head; thickheaded; dull; stupid. Smart.

CHUCK-WILL'S-WIDOW
Chuck`-Will's-wid"ow, n. (Zool.)

Defn: A species of goatsucker (Antrostomus Carolinensis), of the
southern United States; -- so called from its note.

CHUD
Chud, v. t. Etym: [Cf. Chew, Cud.]

Defn: To champ; to bite. [Obs.] A. Stafford.

CHUET
Chu"et, n. Etym: [From Chew, v. t.]

Defn: Minced meat. [Obs.] Bacon.

CHUFA
Chu"fa, n. Etym: [Sp.] (Bot.)

Defn: A sedgelike plant (Cyperus esculentus) producing edible tubers,
native about the Mediterranean, now cultivated in many regions; the
earth almond.

CHUFF
Chuff, n. Etym: [Perh. a modification of chub: cf. W. cyff stock,
stump.]

Defn: A coarse or stupid fellow. Shak.

CHUFF
Chuff, a.

Defn: Stupid; churlish. [Prov. Eng.] Wright.

CHUFFILY
Chuff"i*ly, adv.

Defn: Clownishly; surlily.

CHUFFINESS
Chuff"i*ness, n.

Defn: The quality of being chuffy.

CHUFFY
Chuff"y, a.

1. Fat or puffed out in the cheeks.

2. Rough; clownish; surly.

CHULAN
Chu"lan, n. (Bot.)

Defn: The fragrant flowers of the Chloranthus inconspicuus, used in
China for perfuming tea.

CHUM
Chum, n. Etym: [Perh. a contraction fr. comrade or chamber fellow:
cf. also AS. cuma a comer, guest.]

Defn: A roommate, especially in a college or university; an old and
intimate friend.

CHUM
Chum, v. i. [imp. p. p. Chummed; p. pr. & vb. n. Chumming.]

Defn: To occupy a chamber with another; as, to chum together at
college. [U. S.]

CHUM
Chum, n.

Defn: Chopped pieces of fish used as bait. [U. S.]

CHUMP
Chump, n. Etym: [Cf. Icel. kumbr a chopping, E. chop.]

Defn: A short, thick, heavy piece of wood. Morton. Chump end, the
thick end; as, the chump end of a joint of meat. Dickens.

CHUNAM
Chu*nam", n. Etym: [Hind. chuna, from Skr. curna powder, dust; or a
Dravidian word.]

Defn: Quicklime; also, plaster or mortar. [India] Whitworth.

CHUNK
Chunk, n. Etym: [Cf. Chump.]

Defn: A short, thick piece of anything. [Colloq. U. S. & Prov. Eng.]

CHUNKY