ASYLUM, or House of Refuge for Orphans and other deserted girls of the
  poor, within the bills of mortality, situated near Westminster-bridge,
  on the Surrey side. Underneath the article MAGDALEN HOSPITAL, the
  reader will find a noble foundation formed for the reception of those
  unhappy women, who have been abandoned to vice; but wisely repenting
  of their folly, resolve to reform. This charitable foundation of which
  we are now going to give a description, was founded at the same time,
  in order to preserve poor friendless and deserted girls, from the
  miseries and dangers to which they would be exposed, and from the
  guilt of prostitution.

  The evils this charity is intended to prevent, are not chimerical, but
  founded on facts. It too often happens, that by the death of the
  father, a mother intitled to no relief from any parish, is left with
  several helpless children, to be supplied from her industry; her
  resource for subsistence is usually to some low occupation, scarcely
  sufficient to afford bread and cloathing, and rarely the means of
  instruction. What then must become of the daughters of such parents,
  poor and illiterate as they are, and thereby exposed to every
  temptation? Necessity may make them prostitutes, even before their
  passions can have any share in their guilt. Among these unhappy
  objects, very agreeable features are frequently seen disguised amidst
  dirt and rags, and this still exposes them to greater hazards; for
  these are the girls which the vile procuress seeks after; she trepans
  them to her brothel, even while they are yet children, and she cleans
  and dresses them up for prostitution. But what is still more dreadful,
  maternal duty and affection have been so thoroughly obliterated, that
  even mothers themselves have been the seducers: they have insnared
  their children to the house of the procuress, and shared with her the
  infamous gain of initiating their daughters in lewdness: or if this
  has not been the case, they have too often been prevailed on, for a
  trifling consideration, to conceal and forgive the crime of the
  infamous bawd.

  These and other considerations induced a number of Noblemen and
  Gentlemen, who had approved of a proposal from John Fielding, Esq; one
  of the Justices for the Liberties of Westminster, to hold their first
  meeting on the 10th of May 1758, for carrying into execution a plan of
  this Asylum. Several other meetings were soon after held, in which the
  rules and orders for the reception and management of the children were
  established, and the lease of a house, lately the Hercules Inn near
  Westminster-bridge, agreed for. This house was soon fitted up, and
  furnished, and the first children admitted on the 5th of July
  following.

  The rules and orders established are as follows:

  I. The qualification of a perpetual Guardian is a benefaction of
  thirty guineas or upwards, at one payment.

  II. That of an annual Guardian is a subscription of three guineas or
  upwards per annum.

  III. Ladies subscribing the said sums, will be considered as Guardians
  of this charity, and have a right of voting at all general elections,
  by proxy, such proxy being a Guardian, or they may send a letter to
  the board, naming therein the person they vote for, which shall be
  considered as their vote. It is esteemed by the Guardians a benefit to
  the charity, for the Ladies occasionally to visit the house, and
  inspect the management of the children; the matron being ordered to
  attend such Ladies, and to give them all necessary information: and,
  whatever observations they may then make, or whatever hints, at other
  times, may occur to them, for the good of the charity, if they will be
  pleased to transmit them by letter to the Secretary, or to the
  Committee, who meet every Wednesday in the forenoon at the Asylum,
  they will be immediately taken into consideration, and have all
  respectful regard shewn to them.

  IV. Those Gentlemen and Ladies, who have already subscribed lesser
  sums than thirty guineas, by making up their subscriptions to that
  sum, within a year, will be entered in the subscription book as
  perpetual Guardians.

  V. There is to be an annual general meeting of the Guardians on the
  second Wednesday in March.

  VI. A general quarterly meeting is to be held on the second Wednesday
  in July, the second Wednesday in January, the second Wednesday in
  April, and the second Wednesday in October, for auditing the accounts,
  and making laws and rules for the government of the charity, and for
  other business.

  VII. A Committee is appointed, to consist of thirty Guardians, who are
  to meet every Wednesday at eleven o’clock in the forenoon at the
  Asylum, to transact the business of the charity; and they are, from
  time to time, to report their proceedings to the following general
  court, and any three of the said gentlemen constitute a quorum. In
  these Committees are a President, Vice-president, and a Treasurer.

  VIII. The officers and servants of the house, are a Physician, two
  Surgeons, an Apothecary and a Chaplain.

  A Secretary, who keeps the accounts of the hospital, and does all such
  other business as is commonly done by Secretaries, Clerks, and
  Registers, at other charities.

  A Matron, who superintends the affairs of the house, takes care of the
  provisions and furniture, delivers an account of the current expences
  weekly to the Secretary, to be laid before the Committee. She is to
  see that the children are properly employed, that they are attentive
  to their learning, and that they behave with decency; that the
  teachers do their duty, and that they treat the children with
  humanity. The servants under her, are teachers of reading, knitting,
  sewing, &c. a cook, a house-maid, and a servant man.

  IX. The objects to be admitted are Orphans, the daughters of
  necessitous parents, residing in parishes where they have no relief,
  and deserted girls within the bills of mortality, from eight to twelve
  years of age; but infirm children are not admitted, as the objects of
  this charity are to be constantly employed in every branch of good
  housewifry.

  X. Each object applying for admission, must produce such certificate
  of her age and necessity, as shall be satisfactory to the Guardians
  then present; and in all cases, wherein, during the infancy of this
  Asylum, more objects shall apply for admission than the Asylum can at
  once receive, the names of the objects not admitted are entered in a
  book kept for that purpose, and a notice is sent to the persons,
  signifying the certificate of each child, of the first opportunity of
  taking in such children that shall happen afterwards; in filling up
  all which, the children, before refused, have the preference as they
  stand upon the entry: each of the above certificates must be signed by
  two substantial housekeepers, of the parish where the object resides.

  XI. The children are regularly and alternately employed in reading,
  knitting, sewing, and in the business of the kitchen, to which latter
  employment four are appointed weekly, to be with the cook, to assist
  her, and to receive from her the necessary instructions in plain
  cookery, curing provisions, and other employments of the kitchen. They
  likewise make the beds, clean the rooms, assist in washing, and
  ironing the linen, and in other household business, according to their
  respective ages and abilities, at the discretion of the matron.

  XII. The Chaplain on Sundays preaches, and performs the other parts of
  divine service, and catechises the children. Prayers also are read on
  the other days of the week, by the matron or teacher; and some portion
  of scripture is read by those of the children who are best able. They
  have also, each of them, a common prayer book, and the new testament;
  and other good books are likewise provided for them.

  The number of children in the house in April 1759, were forty-two, and
  the sums raised for the support of this charitable foundation, at the
  same time, amounted to 2032_l._ 4_s._ 9_d._

AUDLEY’S _rents_, Whitecross street.†

AUDLEY _street_, Grosvenor square.†

AVE-MARY _lane_, Ludgate street. See PATER-NOSTER ROW.

AVERY _farm_, Chelsea.

AVERY _row_, by May-fair.

AUGMENTATION OFFICE in Dean’s yard, Westminster. This office belongs to
  a corporation, established by an act passed in the second and third
  years of the reign of Queen Anne, for the better maintenance of the
  poor Clergy, by the augmentation of small livings. This body corporate
  consists of the Lords of the Privy Council, the Lords Lieutenants and
  Custos Rotulorum, the Archbishops, Bishops, and Deans of cathedrals,
  the Judges, the King’s Serjeants at law, the Attorney, Sollicitor, and
  Advocate General, the Chancellors and Vice-Chancellors of the
  Universities, the Lord Mayor and Aldermen of London, and the Mayors of
  all other cities within the kingdom; seven of whom may compose a
  court, provided three of that number be a Privy Counsellor, a Bishop,
  a Judge, or one of the King’s Council, and this court may appoint
  committees of Governors, and invest them with such powers as they
  think proper.

  The business of the Governors is to find out the value of every
  benefice under 80_l._ a Year, with the distance of each from London,
  &c. and to lay the state thereof before his Majesty, with the value of
  the tenths, first-fruits, &c. in order that the royal bounty may be
  applied to support those of the clergy, who are in the greatest
  distress: and this corporation has actually augmented a great number
  of small livings.

AUSTIN FRIARS, near Broad street, was a priory founded for the Friars
  Eremites, of the order of St. Augustine, in the year 1253, by Humphrey
  Bohun, Earl of Hereford and Essex, The Friars of this priory were
  Mendicants, and continued in the possession of this place till its
  dissolution by King Henry VIII. since which time the greatest part has
  been pulled down, and many handsome houses built; but a part of the
  old church belonging to the priory is still standing. King Edward VI.
  granted all the church, except the choir, to a congregation of
  Germans, and other strangers, who fled hither for the sake of
  religion, ordering it to be called _the Temple of the Lord Jesus_, and
  several successive Princes have confirmed it to the Dutch, by whom it
  is still used as a place of divine worship. It is a large and spacious
  Gothic edifice, supported by two rows of stone pillars. At the east
  end are several steps, which lead to a large platform, on which is
  placed a long table with seats against the wall, and forms round, for
  the use of the Holy Communion, and the windows on one side have
  painted on them in several places, the words JESUS TEMPLE. On the west
  end over the screen is a library, thus inscribed, _Ecclesiæ
  Londino-Belgicæ Bibliotheca, extructa sumptibus_ Mariæ Dubois 1659. It
  contains several valuable manuscripts, among which are the letters of
  Calvin, Peter Martyr, and other foreign reformers.

_St._ AUSTIN’S _Church_, at the north west corner of Watling street, in
  the ward of Faringdon within, was dedicated to St. Austin the monk,
  the English Apostle. The old church having suffered in the dreadful
  conflagration in 1666, has been rebuilt, and the parish of St. Faith
  united to it. It is a rectory, and the advowson is in the Dean and
  Chapter of St. Paul’s. The Rector receives 172_l._ _per annum_ in lieu
  of tithes.

AUSTIN _street_, in Castle street, near Shoreditch.

AX _alley_, Leadenhall street.*

AX _yard_. 1. King’s street, Westminster.* 2. Norfolk street in the
  Strand.* 3. Little Britain.* 4. Blackman street.* 5. King’s street,
  Blackman street.*

AX AND BOTTLE _yard_, St. Margaret’s hill.*

AYLOFFE _street_, Goodman’s Fields.†

AYRE’S ALMSHOUSE, in White’s alley, Coleman street, was founded by Mr.
  Christopher Ayre, Merchant, for six poor men and their wives, who
  committed it to the care of the Leather-sellers company, who annually
  pay each couple 4_l._

  [Illustration: Decoration]

                                   B.

  BAB’S _alley_, Mint street, Southwark.†

BAB’S _mays_, or _mews_, Jermain street.†

BACK _alley_. 1. Back hill, Hatton wall.§ 2. Back hill, Southwark.§ 3.
  Bear alley, Fleet ditch.§ 4. Bowling alley, Westminster.§ 5. Bridge
  yard, Tooley street.§ 6. St. Catharine’s lane.§ 7. Church lane, Tooley
  street.§ 8. Church lane, Whitechapel.§ 9. Churchyard alley, Tooley
  street.§ 10. Cloth fair, West Smithfield.§ 11. Crown court, King’s
  street, Tooley street.§ 12. East lane, Rotherhith.§ 13. Great garden,
  St. Catharine’s lane.§ 14. Green bank, Wapping.§ 15. March street,
  Wapping.§ 16. St. Martin’s le Grand.§ 17. Mill street.§ 18. Playhouse
  yard, Whitecross street, Cripplegate.§ 19. Three Foxes court, Long
  lane, West Smithfield.§

BACK _court_, Symond’s Inn, Chancery lane.

BACK _hill_. 1. Hatton wall.§ 2. Southwark.§

BACK _lane_. 1. Bethnal green.§ 2. Elephant lane, Rotherhith.§ 3.
  Hackney.§ 4. Islington.§ 5. Lambeth Butts.* 6. Lambeth marsh.§ 7. Near
  Rag fair, Rosemary lane.§ 8. Near Sun Tavern fields.§ 9. Three Hammer
  alley, Tooley street.§

BACK _Round court_ in the Strand.§

BACK _side_. 1. St. Clement’s in the Strand.§ 2. Middle Shadwell.§

BACK _street_. 1. Cloth fair.§ 2. Horsley down.§ 3. Lambeth.§ 4. St.
  Clement’s Danes.§ 5. Old street square.§

BACK STREET SCHOOL, at Lambeth, was founded by Archbishop Tenison, about
  the year 1704, for the education of poor girls, who are cloathed and
  taught: they are at present twenty; but their number is to be
  increased according to the improvement of the estate. _Maitland._

BACK _way_, near Shepherd’s Market, Curzon street.§

BACK _yard_. 1. Angel alley, Little Moorfields.§ 2. Bell alley, Coleman
  street, Lothbury.§ 3. Brick lane, Old street.§ 4. Bullhead court,
  Jewin street.§ 5. Great Garden, St. Catharine’s.§ 6. Little
  Bartholomew close.§ 7. Marigold lane.§ 8. Newcastle street.§ 9.
  Nightingale lane.§ 10. Old Gravel lane.§ 11. Pelican court, Little
  Britain.§ 12. Peter lane, St. John’s street.§ 13. Pickleherring
  street. 14. Redcross alley, Jewin street.§ 15. Richmond street.§ 16.
  Ropemaker’s fields, Limehouse.§ 17. Rotherhith wall.§ 18. Rupert
  street.§ 19. Saltpetre bank. 20. Shakespear’s walk.§ 21. Shipwright
  street, Rotherhith.§ 22. Short’s street.§ 23. Silver street, Tooley
  street.§ 24. St. Margaret’s hill.§ 25. St. Saviour’s Dock head.§ 26.
  Stamford buildings.§ 27. Star street, Wapping wall.§ 28. Sun alley,
  Golden lane.§ 29. Swan alley, Golden lane. 30. Three Colt street.§ 31.
  Tooley street.§ 32. Turnmill street, Cowcross.§ 33. Vineyard.§ 34.
  Upper Ground street.§ 35. Upper Well alley, Wapping.§ 36. Wentworth
  street.§ 37. White’s yard, Rosemary lane.§ 38. Woolpack alley,
  Houndsditch.§

BACK CLOISTER _yard_, Westminster.§

BACK _Brook street_, David street, by Grosvenor square.

BACON _alley_, Woolpack alley, Shoreditch.

BACON _street_. 1. Brick lane, Spitalfields.* 2. Club row, Spitalfields.

BADGER’S _alley_, Shoreditch.†

BADGER’S _Almshouse_, at Hoxton, was founded by Mrs. Allen Badger, in
  the year 1698, for six poor men and their wives, who are only allowed
  twenty shillings a year each couple.

BADGER’S _rents_, St. John’s passage, St. John’s street.†

BAG AND BOTTLE _alley_, Old street.*

BAG AND BOTTLE _yard_, Old street.*

BAGNEL’S _rents_, Denmark street.†

BAGNIO _court_, Newgate street, thus named from the Bagnio there.

BAGNIO _lane_, leading into Bagnio court, Newgate street.

BAGSHAW’S _rents_, Portpool lane, Leather lane.†

BAILEY’S _alley_, in the Strand.†

BAILEY’S _court_, 1. Bell yard, Fleet street.† 2. Cock hill.† 3. Fashion
  street.† 4. Sheer lane.† 5. In the Strand.†

BAILEY’S _place_, Little Tower hill.†

BAILEY’S _yard_, Broadway, Westminster.†

BAINHAM’S _street_, Southwark.†

BAIN’S _hill_, Upper Shadwell.†

BAKEHOUSE _court_, Godalmin street.

BAKERS, this company is very ancient, though it does not appear to have
  been incorporated till about the year 1307. It is governed by a
  Master, four Wardens, thirty Assistants, and 195 Livery men, whose
  fine is 10_l._

BAKERS HALL, a plain edifice in Hart lane, Tower street, and formerly
  the dwelling house of John Chicheley, Chamberlain of London.

BAKER’S _alley_. 1. Church lane, Whitechapel.† 2. Farmer’s street,
  Shadwell.† 3. Goswell street.† 4. Hart street.† 5. King’s street,
  Westminster.† 6. Monkwell street.† 7. St. John’s street.† 8. In the
  Strand. 9. Stony lane.† 10. Swallow street.†

BAKER’S ARMS _alley_, Rosemary lane.*

BAKER’S _buildings_, Old Bethlem.†

BAKER’S _court_, Halfmoon alley, Bishopsgate street.†

BAKER’S _passage_, Jermain street.†

BAKER’S _row_. 1. Cold Bath fields.† 2. Whitechapel.†

BAKER’S _yard_. 1. Tower hill. 2. Milford lane.

BALAAM’S _court_, King David’s Fort.

BALDWIN’S _court_. 1. Baldwin’s gardens.† 2. White street.* 3. Cloak
  lane, Dowgate hill.†

BALDWIN’S _gardens_, Leather lane.†

BALDWIN’S _square_, Baldwin’s gardens.†

BALDWIN’S _street_, Old street.†

BALDWIN’S _yard_. 1. Baldwin’s gardens. 2. Narrow alley, Stone lane.†

BALE’S _court_, Cow cross, Smithfield.†

BALL _alley_. 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. Cannon street.* 3. Kingsland
  road.* 4. Lime street, Leadenhall street.* 5. Lombard street.* 6.
  London Wall.* 7. Long alley, Moorfields.* 8. St. Catharine’s lane.* 9.
  Wheeler street, Spitalfields.*

BALL _court_. 1. Giltspur street, without Newgate.* 2. Mincing lane,
  Fenchurch street.* 3. Old Bailey.* 4. Poor Jury lane, within Aldgate.*

BALL _yard_. 1. Beech lane.* 2. Giltspur street.* 3. Golden lane.*

BALLAST _wharf_. 1. Cock hill, Ratcliff. 2. Lower Shadwell.

BALSOVER _street_, Oxford street.†

BAMBURY _court_, Long Acre.

BANCROFT’S beautiful Almshouse, School and Chapel at Mile End, were
  erected by the Drapers company in the year 1735, pursuant to the will
  of Mr. Francis Bancroft, who bequeathed to that company the sum of
  28,000_l._ and upwards, in real and personal estates, for purchasing a
  site, and building upon it an almshouse, with convenient apartments
  for twenty-four almsmen, a chapel, and school room for 100 poor boys,
  and two dwelling-houses for the schoolmasters, and endowing the same.
  He also ordered that each of the almsmen should have 8_l._ and half a
  chaldron of coals yearly, and a gown of baize every third year; that
  the school boys should be cloathed and taught reading, writing and
  arithmetic; that each of the masters, besides their houses, should
  have a salary of 30_l._ _per annum_, and the yearly sum of 20_l._ for
  coals and candles, for their use, and that of the school; with a
  sufficient allowance for books, paper, pens and ink; that the
  committee of the court of assistants should have 5_l._ for a dinner,
  at their annual visitation of the almshouse and school; and that 3_l._
  10_s._ should be given for two half yearly sermons to be preached in
  the parish churches of St. Helen and St. Michael Cornhill, or
  elsewhere, in commemoration of this foundation, at which the almsmen
  and boys were to be present. To each of these boys, when put out
  apprentices, he gave 4_l._ but if they were put to service they were
  to have no more than 2_l._ 10_s._ to buy them cloaths.

  The edifice is not only neat but extremely elegant, consisting of two
  wings and a center detached from both of them. In the middle of the
  front is the chapel, before which is a noble portico, with Ionic
  columns, and coupled pilasters at the corners, supporting a pediment,
  in the plane of which is the dial. There is an ascent to the portico
  by a flight of steps, and over the chapel is a handsome turret. On
  each side of the portico, are two houses like those in the wings. The
  construction of the wings is uniform, lofty and convenient: twelve
  doors in each open in a regular series, and the windows are of a
  moderate size, numerous, and proportioned to the apartments they are
  to enlighten. The square is surrounded with gravel walks. with a large
  grass plat in the middle, and next the road the wall is adorned with
  handsome iron rails and gates. In short, the ends of the wings next
  the road being placed at a considerable distance from it, the whole is
  seen in a proper point of view, and appears to the greatest advantage.

  It is worthy of remark, that this Bancroft, who left so large a sum
  for erecting and endowing this fine hospital, and even ordered two
  sermons to be annually preached in commemoration of his charity, was,
  according to the last edition of _Stow’s Survey_, one of the Lord
  Mayor’s officers, and by informations and summoning the citizens
  before the Lord Mayor, upon the most trifling occasions, and other
  things not belonging to his office, not only pillaged the poor but
  also many of the rich, who rather than lose time in appearing before
  that Magistrate, gave money to get rid of this common pest of the
  citizens, which, together with his numerous quarterages from the
  brokers, &c. enabled him to amass annually a considerable sum of
  money. But by these and other mercenary practices, he so incurred the
  hatred and ill-will of the citizens of all ranks and denominations,
  that the persons who attended his funeral obsequies, with great
  difficulty saved his corpse from being jostled off the bearers
  shoulders in the church, by the enraged populace, who seizing the
  bells, rang them for joy at his unlamented death.

BANDYLEG _alley_, Fleet ditch.║

BANDYLEG _walk_. 1. Maiden lane, near Deadman’s place.║ 2. Queen street,
  in the Park, Southwark.║

BANE _court_, Cold Bath square.

BANGOR _court_. 1. Shoe lane. 2. White street.

  [Illustration: _S. Wale_ _J. Green sc. Oxon._ _The Bank._]

BANK OF ENGLAND. This is a noble edifice, situated at the east of St.
  Christopher’s church, near the west end of Threadneedle street. The
  front next the street is about 80 feet in length, and is of the Ionic
  order raised on a rustic basement, as is represented in the print, and
  is in a good style. Through this you pass into the court yard, in
  which is the hall. This is of the Corinthian order, and in the middle
  is a pediment. The top of the building is adorned with a balustrade
  and handsome vases, and in the face of the above pediment is engraved,
  in relievo, the Company’s seal, Britannia sitting with her shield and
  spear, and at her feet a Cornucopia, pouring out fruit. The hall,
  which is in this last building, is 79 feet in length, and 40 in
  breadth; it is wainscoted about eight feet high; has a fine fretwork
  ceiling, and is adorned with the statue of King William III. which
  stands in a nich at the upper end; on the pedestal of which is the
  following inscription:

                                    Ob
                               Legibus vim,
                          Judiciis Auctoritatem,
                           Senatui Dignitatem,
                       Civibus universis Jura sua,
                    Tam Sacra, quam Civilia Restituta,
                   Et illustrissimæ Domus Hannoverianæ
                   In Imperium Britannicum Successione
                           Posteris confirmata,
                             Optimo Principi,
                             GULIELMO TERTIO,
                             Conditiori suo,
                      Grato Animo posuit, dicavitque
                          Hujus Ærarii Societas,
                   A. C. MDCCXXXIV. harumque Ædium. I.

                            _In English thus_:

                   For restoring efficacy to the Laws,
                   Authority to the Courts of Justice,
                        Dignity to the Parliament,
            To all his Subjects their Religion and Liberties,
                    And confirming these to Posterity,
          By the succession of the illustrious House of Hanover
                          To the British Throne,
                To the best of Princes, WILLIAM THE THIRD,
                           Founder of the Bank,
               This Corporation, from a Sense of Gratitude,
                         Has erected this Statue,
                     And dedicated it to his Memory,
                    In the Year of our Lord MDCCXXXIV.
                   And the first Year of this Building.

  Farther backward is another quadrangle, with an arcade on the east and
  west sides of it; and on the north side is the accomptant’s office,
  which is 60 feet long, and 28 feet broad. Over this, and the other
  sides of the quadrangle, are handsome apartments, with a fine
  staircase adorned with fretwork, and under it are large vaults, that
  have strong walls and iron gates, for the preservation of the cash.
  The back entrance from Bartholomew lane is by a grand gateway, which
  opens into a commodious and spacious court yard for coaches, or
  waggons, that frequently come loaded with gold and silver bullion; and
  in the room fronting the gate the transfer office is kept.

  The Bank was established by act of Parliament in the year 1693, under
  the title of _The Governor and Company of the Bank of England_, in
  consideration of a loan of 1,200,000_l._ granted to the government,
  for which the subscribers received eight _per cent._ By this charter,
  the Company are not to borrow under their common seal, unless by act
  of parliament; they are not to trade, or suffer any person in trust
  for them to trade in goods or merchandize; but may deal in bills of
  exchange, in buying or selling bullion, and foreign gold, or silver
  coin, &c.

  By an act passed in the 8th and 9th years of the reign of King William
  III. they were empowered to enlarge their capital to 2,201,171_l._
  10_s._ It was then also enacted, that bank stock should be a personal
  and not a real estate; that no contract, either in word or writing,
  for buying or selling bank stock, should be good in law, unless
  registered in the books of the bank within seven days, and the stock
  transferred within fourteen days; and that it should be felony,
  without benefit of clergy, to counterfeit the common seal of the Bank,
  any sealed bank bill, any bank note, or to alter or erase such bills
  or notes.

  In the 7th of Queen Anne, the Company were, by another act, impowered
  to increase their capital to 4,402,343_l._ and at the same time they
  advanced 400,000_l._ more to the government; and in 1714, they
  advanced the sum of 1,500,000_l._

  In the third year of the reign of King George I. the interest of their
  capital was reduced to 5_l._ _per cent._ when the Bank agreed to
  deliver up as many Exchequer bills as amounted to two millions, and to
  accept of an annuity of 100,000_l._ _per annum_. It was also declared
  lawful for the Bank to call for from their members, in proportion to
  their interests in the capital stock, such sums, as in a general court
  should be found necessary; but if any member should neglect to pay his
  share of the money so called for, at the time appointed, by notice in
  the London Gazette and fixed up in the Royal Exchange, it should be
  lawful for the Bank, not only to stop the dividend of such member, and
  to apply it towards the payment of the money so called for, but also
  to stop the transfers of such defaulter, and to charge him with an
  interest of 5_l._ _per cent._ _per annum_, for the money so omitted to
  be paid; and if the principal and interest should be three months
  unpaid, the Bank should have power to sell so much of the stock
  belonging to the defaulter as would satisfy the same. This stock is
  now called Bank Circulation, every proprietor of which receives 5_l._
  _per cent._ _per annum_, but is obliged to advance, if called for,
  1000_l._ for every 100_l._ so paid in.

  The Bank afterwards consented to have the interest of two millions
  still due from the government, reduced from 5 to 4 _per cent._ The
  Company also purchased several other annuities, that were afterwards
  redeemed by the government, and the national debt due to the Bank was
  reduced to 1,600,000.

  At length in 1742, the Company agreed to supply the government with
  1,600,000_l._ at 3_l._ _per cent._, by which means the government
  became indebted to the Company 3,200,000_l._ the one half carrying 4,
  and the other 3 _per cent._

  In 1746, the Company consented that the sum of 986,800_l._ due to them
  in Exchequer bills unsatisfied, on the duties for licences to sell
  spirituous liquors by retail, should be cancelled, and in lieu thereof
  to accept of an annuity of 39,442_l._ the interest of that sum at
  4_l._ _per cent._ The Company also agreed to advance the farther sum
  of 1,000,000_l._ upon the credit of the duties arising by the malt and
  land tax, at 4_l._ _per cent._ for Exchequer bills to be issued for
  that purpose, in consideration of which the Company were enabled to
  augment their capital with 986,800_l._ the interest of which, as well
  as that of the other annuities, was reduced to 3_l._ 10_s._ _per
  cent._ till the 25th of December 1757, and from that time they carry
  only 3_l._ _per cent._

  In short, several other sums have since been raised by the Bank for
  the service of the government: but the above is sufficient to give a
  full idea of the nature of the several species of annuities; only it
  may be proper to add, that what is called Bank Stock is entirely
  distinct from these, and may not improperly be termed, the trading
  stock of the Company, since with this they discount bills, and deal
  very largely in foreign gold, &c. which they only buy by weight, which
  trade is so very considerable, as to render a share in this stock very
  valuable, tho’ it is not equal in value to the East India stock. The
  Company make dividends of the profits half yearly. _Pocket Library._

  The transfer days at the Bank altered in 1758, are now as follows:

  Bank stock, Tuesday, Wednesday, Thursday and Friday.
  Reduced annuities, Monday, Wednesday and Friday.
  Three _per cent._ 1726,  }
  Consolidated annuities,  } ditto.
  Three _per cent._ 1757,  }
  Three ½ _per cent._ 1756, }
  Three ½ _per cent._ 1758, } Tu. and T

The hour of transfer is from eleven to twelve o’clock, and the hours of
payment of dividends from nine to eleven, and from twelve to one; except
on the following Holidays.

                         Holidays at the Bank.

                       January│
                             1│Circumcision
                             6│Epiphany
                            25│St. Paul.
                            30│K. Charles I. Mart.
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                          Feb.│
                             2│Purific. V. Mary
                            24│St. Matthias
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                          Mar.│
                            25│Lady Day
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                         April│
                            23│St. George
                            25│St. Mark
                            26│D. of Cumb. born
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                           May│
                             1│St. Philip & Jac.
                            29│K. Ch. II. restor.
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                          June│
                             4│Pr. Wales born
                            11│St. Barnabas
                            21│Midsummer Day
                            22│Inaug. K. Geo. II.
                            24│St. John Baptist
                            26│K. Geo. II. pro.
                            29│St. Peter & Paul
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                          July│
                            25│St. James
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                          Aug.│
                             1│Lammas Day
                            24│St. Bartholomew
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                         Sept.│
                             2│London burnt
                            21│St. Matthew
                            29│St. Michael
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                          Oct.│
                            18│St. Luke
                            22│K. Geo. II. crown.
                            28│St. Simon & Jude
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                      November│
                             1│All Saints
                             2│All Souls
                             4│K. William born
                             5│Powder Plot
                             9│Ld. Mayor’s Day
                            10│K. Geo. II. born
                            28│Q. Elizabeth’s Ac.
                            30│Pr. Wales born
                    ──────────┼────────────────────
                      December│
                            21│St. Thomas
                            25│Christmas Day
                            26│St. Stephen
                            27│St. John
                            28│Innocents

                           Moveable Holidays.

  Shrove Tuesday.
  Ash Wednesday.
  Good Friday.
  Easter Monday.
  Easter Tuesday.
  Easter Wednesday.
  Ascension Day.
  Whitsun Monday.
  Whitsun Tuesday.
  Whitsun Wednesday.

  This Company is under the direction of a Governor, Deputy Governor and
  twenty-four Directors, who are annually elected at a general court, in
  the same manner as the Governor and the Directors of the East India
  company. Thirteen are sufficient to compose a court of Directors, for
  managing the affairs of the Company; but if both the Governor and
  Deputy Governor should be absent two hours after the usual time of
  proceeding to business, the Directors may chuse a chairman by
  majority, all their acts being equally valid, as if the Governor or
  Deputy Governor were present.

BANK END _stairs_, Bank side.

BANK SIDE _row_. 1. Millbank. 2. Vine street, Southwark.

BANK’S _court_. Knave’s acre.†

BANK’S _yard_, Bunhill row.†

BANNER’S _rents_, Portpool lane.†

BANNISTER’S _yard_, Water lane, Black Friars.†

BANNISTER’S _alley_. 1. Broad St. Giles’s.† 2. Nightingale lane, East
  Smithfield.†

  [Illustration: _S. Wales delin._ _J. Green sc. Oxon._ _Banqueting
  House._]

BANQUETING HOUSE, Whitehall, so called from there being originally in
  this place an edifice in which our Kings had public entertainments.
  This was a small part of the ancient palace of Whitehall, which was
  destroyed by fire in 1697, and only the Banqueting House, and one
  court left standing. See the article WHITEHALL.

  In the reign of King James I. the Banqueting House being in a ruinous
  condition, that Monarch formed the design of erecting a palace on the
  spot, worthy the residence of the Kings of England. The celebrated
  Inigo Jones was employed to draw the plan of a noble edifice; this was
  done, and the present structure erected, as a small part of the great
  intended work, for the reception of ambassadors, and other audiences
  of state. The engraved view of it, which is here given, will best
  illustrate what follows.

  This is a regular and august building which has three stories. The
  lowest has a rustic wall, with small square windows, and by its
  strength happily serves for a basis for the orders. Upon this is
  raised the Ionic, with columns and pilasters, and between the columns
  are well-proportioned windows, with arched and pointed pediments. Over
  these is placed the proper entablature, and on this is raised a second
  series of the Corinthian order, consisting of columns and pilasters
  like the other; column being placed over column, and pilaster over
  pilaster. From the capitals are carried festoons, which meet with
  masks and other ornaments in the middle. This series is also crowned
  with its proper entablature, on which is raised the balustrade with
  Attic pedestals between, which crown the work. Every thing in this
  building is finely proportioned, and as happily executed. The
  projection of the columns from the wall has a fine effect in the
  entablatures, which being brought forward in the same proportion,
  gives that happy diversity of light and shade so essential to fine
  architecture. _English Architecture._

  To render this edifice as perfect as possible, the ceiling is finely
  painted by the celebrated Sir Peter Paul Rubens, who was ambassador
  here in the time of Charles I. The subject is the entrance,
  inauguration, and coronation of King James I. represented by Pagan
  emblems. It is esteemed one of his most capital performances, and may
  be justly esteemed one of the finest ceilings in the world. This great
  apartment is at present converted into a chapel, for the service of
  which certain select preachers were appointed out of each university,
  by King George I. to preach here every Sunday; for this each are
  allowed a stipend of 30_l._ a year.

BANSTED, a village in Surrey, situated between Dorking and Croydon,
  famous for producing a great number of walnuts; but much more for its
  neighbouring Downs, one of the most delightful spots in England, on
  account of the agreeable seats in that neighbourhood; for the
  extensive prospect of several counties on both sides the Thames, and
  even of the royal palaces of Windsor and Hampton Court; and for the
  fineness of the turf, covered with a short grass intermixed with
  thyme, and other fragrant herbs, that render the mutton of this tract,
  though small, remarkable for its sweetness. In these Downs there is a
  four miles course for horse races, which is much frequented.

BAPTISTS, a sect of dissenters, thus denominated from their baptizing by
  immersing the body all over, and from their not considering infants as
  proper subjects of baptism. They are principally divided into two
  classes, termed general and particular. The general Baptists, who with
  Arminius maintain the doctrine of universal redemption, consist of
  only six congregations, who have their meeting-houses as follows:

  1. Fair street, Horsely down. 2. Glasshouse yard, Pickax street, near
  Aldersgate bars. 3. Mill yard, Rosemary lane. 4. Pinner’s hall, Broad
  street, in the afternoon. 5. Paul’s alley, Redcross street, where are
  two different congregations, who maintain their own Minister. 6. Queen
  street, in the Park, Southwark.

  The particular Baptists, who with Calvin believe that none will be
  saved but the elect, and that all the rest of mankind are doomed to
  eternal misery, are much more numerous, and have the following
  meetings.

  1. Angel alley, Whitechapel. 2. Artillery street, Spitalfields. 3.
  Brewers hall, Addle street. 4. Cherry Garden lane, Rotherhith. 5.
  Church lane, Limehouse. 6. Collier’s rents, White street, Southwark.
  7. Curriers court, near Cripplegate. 8. Devonshire square, Bishopsgate
  street without. 9. Dipping alley, Horselydown, Southwark. 10. Duke’s
  street, near Pepper street. 11. Eagle street, Red lion street,
  Holborn. 12. Flower de luce yard, Tooley street. 13. Glasshouse
  street, Swallow street. 14. Goat yard passage, Horselydown. 15.
  Johnson’s street, Old Gravel lane. 16. Little Wild street, Great Wild
  street. 17. Little Wood street, Cripplegate. 18. Maze Pond street,
  Southwark. 19. Maidenhead court, Great Eastcheap. 20. New Way, Maze,
  Southwark. 21. Pennington’s street, Virginia street. 22. Pepper
  street, Southwark. 23. Rose lane, Limehouse. 24. Rosemary branch
  alley, Rosemary lane. 25. Rotherhith. 26. St. John’s court, Little
  Hart street. 27. Sheer’s alley, White street, Southwark. 28. Snow
  fields. 29. Unicorn yard, St. Olave’s. 30. Union yard, Horselydown
  lane. 31. Vinegar row, Shoreditch.

BAPTIST _court_, by Boswell court, Carey street.*

BAPTIST’S HEAD _court_, Whitecross street.*

BARBERS. The art of surgery was anciently practised in this city by none
  but the Barbers, who were incorporated by letters patent granted by
  King Edward IV. in the Year 1461, and in 1512 an act was passed to
  prevent any persons besides the Barbers practising surgery within the
  city of London, and seven miles round. At length several persons, who
  were not Barbers, being examined and admitted as practitioners in the
  art of surgery, the parliament united them in the thirty-second year
  of the reign of King Henry VIII. by the appellation of _the Masters or
  Governors of the mystery or commonalty of Barbers and Surgeons of the
  city of London_; and by this act all persons practising the art of
  shaving, are strictly enjoined not to intermeddle with that of
  surgery, except what belongs to drawing of teeth. Thus this company
  obtained the name of Barber-Surgeons, which they continued to enjoy
  till the eighteenth year of the reign of his present Majesty King
  George II. when the Surgeons applying to Parliament to have this union
  dissolved, were formed into a separate company; though the Barbers
  were left in possession of the hall and theatre, and were constituted
  a body politic, under the name of _the Master, Governors and
  Commonalty of the mystery of Barbers of London_.

  This company has a Master and three other Governors, a court of
  Assistants of twenty-four members, and a very numerous livery.

BARBERS HALL, a fine edifice on the west side of Monkwell street,
  consisting of a spacious hall room, a court room, theatre, library,
  and other commodious offices. The grand entrance from Monkwell street
  is enriched with the company’s arms, large fruit, and other
  decorations. The court room has a fretwork ceiling, and is also
  adorned with the pictures of King Henry VIII. and the court of
  Assistants, in one fine piece; a portrait of King Charles II. and
  other paintings. The theatre contains four degrees of cedar seats, one
  above another, in an elliptical form, and the roof is an elliptical
  cupola; this room is adorned with a bust of King Charles I. the
  figures of the seven liberal sciences, and the twelve signs of the
  Zodiac; the skins of a man and woman on wooden frames, in imitation of
  Adam and Eve; the figure of a man flayed, done after the life, all the
  muscles appearing in their due place, and proportion; the skeleton of
  an ostrich; an human skeleton, with copper joints, and five other
  skeletons of human bodies. But as this furniture was introduced by the
  Surgeons, it is now of no use, and the theatre is entirely deserted.

  This Hall is one of the works of that great architect Inigo Jones, and
  is a masterpiece in its kind, that elegant simplicity which
  characterises all his works, giving the spectator the highest
  satisfaction.

BARBER’S _alley_, Brown’s lane, Spitalfields.*

BARBER’S POLE _alley_, St. Margaret’s hill, Southwark.*

BARBICAN, Aldersgate street, so called from a high watch tower which
  stood there, from which a view might be taken of the whole city.
  Barbican, according to Camden, being an Arabic word signifying a watch
  tower.

BARE _lane_, Gravel lane.

BAREMERE’S ALMSHOUSE, in Almshouse yard, Hoxton, which was built about
  the year 1701, by the Rev. Mr. Baremere, a Presbyterian Minister, for
  eight poor women, who have no other allowance but half a chaldron of
  coals each _per annum_. _Maitland_.

BARE _yard_, Bucklersbury.

BAREHOUSE _yard_, Silver street, Wood street.

BARKER’S _rents_, Paul’s alley, Red cross street.†

BARKING, a large market town in Essex, situated ten miles from London,
  on a creek that leads to the Thames, from whence fish is sent up in
  boats to London, the town being chiefly inhabited by fishermen. The
  parish has been so much enlarged by lands recovered from the Thames,
  and the river Rothing, which runs on the west side of the town, that
  it has two chapels of ease, one at Ilford, and another called New
  chapel, on the side of Epping forest, and the great and small tithes
  are computed at above 600_l._ _per annum_. At a small distance from
  the town, in the way to Dagenham, stood a large old house, where the
  gunpowder plot is said to have been formed.

BARKING _alley_, Tower street, by Tower hill, so called from the church
  of Allhallows, Barking.

BARLAM’S _mews_, New Bond street.†

BARLOW’S _court_, Coal yard, Broad St. Giles’s.

BARNABY _street_, Tooley street, Southwark.

BARNES, a village in Surrey, almost encompassed by the Thames. It lies
  between Mortlake and Barn Elms, and is seven miles from London, and
  five from Kingston.

BARNET, a market town in Hertfordshire, situated in the road to St.
  Alban’s, eleven miles from London, on the top of a hill, whence it is
  called High Barnet, and also Chipping, or Cheaping Barnet, from King
  Henry the Second’s granting the monks of St. Alban’s the privilege of
  holding a market here; the word Cheap, or Chepe, being an ancient word
  for a market. As this place is a great thoroughfare, it is well
  supplied with inns. The church is a chapel of ease to the village of
  East Barnet. Here is a free school founded by Q. Elizabeth, and
  endowed partly by that Princess, and partly by Alderman Owen, of
  London, whose additional endowment is paid by the Fishmongers company,
  who appoint 24 governors, by whom the master and usher are chosen to
  teach seven children gratis, and all the other children of the parish
  for 5_s_ a quarter. Here is also an almshouse founded and endowed by
  James Ravenscroft, Esq; for six widows.

  This place is remarkable for the decisive battle fought there between
  the houses of York and Lancaster, on Easter day, 1468, in which the
  great Earl of Warwick, stiled _the Setter up, and Puller down of
  Kings_, was slain, with many others of the principal nobility. The
  place supposed to be the field of battle, is a green spot, a little
  before the meeting of the St. Alban’s and Hatfield roads: and here, in
  the year 1740, a stone column was erected, on which is inscribed a
  long account of that battle.

BARNET (EAST) a pleasant village in Hertfordshire, near Whetstone and
  Enfield Chace, formerly much frequented on account of its medicinal
  spring, which was discovered in a neighbouring common about an hundred
  years ago. The church is a mean edifice; but the rectory is very
  beneficial.

  Here is the fine seat of the Lord Trevor, to which Queen Elizabeth
  gave the name of Mount Pleasant.

BARNET’S _yard_, Mill bank.†

BARON’S ALMSHOUSE, in Elbow lane, Shadwell, was founded in the year
  1682, by George Baron, for fifteen poor women, who also endowed it
  with 5_l._ 4_s._ _per annum_ for bread.

BARRAT’S _rents_, Stepney Causeway.†

BARRET’S _court_, Horselydown, Fair street.†

BARROW’S _rents_, Windmill hill.†

BARTHOLOMEW _close_, near Smithfield, so called from its being situated
  near the church of St. Bartholomew the Great.

BARTHOLOMEW _court_. 1. Houndsditch. 2. Throgmorton street.

_St._ BARTHOLOMEW’S _Church_, situated at the south east corner of
  Bartholomew lane, behind the Royal Exchange, was one of the churches
  consumed in the general conflagration in 1666, and this structure
  arose in its place. It consists of a very irregular body, with a tower
  suited to it, the top of which, instead of pinnacles, a spire, or
  turrets, is crowned with arches, supported by columns of the
  Corinthian order. It is a rectory, in the gift of the Crown, and the
  Rector receives 100_l._ a year in lieu of tithes.

BARTHOLOMEW _lane_, extends from Threadneedle street to Lothbury, and is
  so named from St. Bartholomew’s church at the corner.

_St._ BARTHOLOMEW _the Great_, situated near the east end of Duck lane,
  on the north east side of Smithfield, escaped the flames in 1666, and
  is a large plain church, with a tower crowned with a turret. It is a
  rectory in the patronage of the Earl of Holland, The Rector’s profits,
  besides casualties, amount to about 60_l._ _per annum_.

_St._ BARTHOLOMEW _the Less_, is seated on the south east side of
  Smithfield, adjoining to St. Bartholomew’s Hospital. It was founded in
  the year 1102, and belonged to the neighbouring convent of the same
  name; but as it was not destroyed by the fire in 1666, it remains in
  the same state it was in before that dreadful calamity. It is a low
  building, composed of brick and rough stone plaistered; and consists
  of a roofed body with Gothic windows, and a tower with a corner
  turret. This church is a vicarage, in the gift of the Lord Mayor,
  Aldermen, and Common Council, who upon receiving the grant of the
  church and hospital, covenanted to pay the Vicar 13_l._ 6_s._ 8_d._
  _per annum_, which, with an allowance from the hospital, and
  casualties, amounts to about 120_l._ _per annum_.

_St._ BARTHOLOMEW’S HOSPITAL, on the south east of Smithfield, for the
  cure of the poor, sick and lame, formerly belonged to the Priory of
  St. Bartholomew in Smithfield; but both the priory and hospital being
  dissolved by K. Henry VIII. that Monarch, in the last year of his
  reign, founded the hospital anew, and endowed it with the annual
  revenue of 500 marks, upon condition that the city should pay the same
  sum, which proposal was readily embraced, and the managers of this
  foundation were incorporated by the name of _The Hospital of the
  Mayor, Commonalty and Citizens of London, Governors for the poor,
  called Little St. Bartholomew’s, near West Smithfield_. Since that
  time the hospital has received prodigious benefactions from great
  numbers of charitable persons, by which means not only the poor of
  London and Southwark, but the distressed of any other parts of the
  King’s dominions, and from foreign countries, are taken in, whether
  sick or maimed, and have lodging, food, attendance, and medicines,
  with the advice and assistance of some of the best Physicians and
  Surgeons in the kingdom, who belong to the hospital, and attend the
  patients as occasion requires; they have also matrons and nurses, to
  look after and assist them; and at their discharge when cured, some,
  who live at a considerable distance, are relieved with money, cloaths,
  and other necessaries, to enable them to return to their several
  habitations. Pity it is that so noble and humane a foundation should
  want any thing to render it perfect, and that every sick person who is
  admitted, except such as have suffered by sudden accidents, as the
  fracture or dislocation of a bone, should be obliged to deposit or
  give security for the payment of a guinea, in case of death, in order
  to defray the expence of the funeral; for by this some of the poorest
  and most miserable, and consequently the most proper objects, are
  unhappily excluded from reaping the benefit they might otherwise
  receive from it: but this is also the case of several of the other
  hospitals of this city; however many thousands of persons labouring
  under the most dreadful diseases and wounds, are annually cured at
  this hospital, and in those of Kent street in Southwark, and the Lock
  at Kingsland, both of which are dependent on it. Besides all this,
  there are great numbers of out-patients, who receive advice and
  medicines gratis.

  The ancient hospital which escaped the fire of London becoming
  ruinous, it was found absolutely necessary in the year 1729 to rebuild
  it; a plan for that purpose was formed, and a grand edifice erected,
  by subscription, which was designed to be only one out of four noble
  detached piles of building, to be afterwards raised, about a court or
  area 250 feet in length, and 60 in breadth.

  The original design is now nearly compleated, and this hospital
  altogether forms a very elegant building, or rather buildings, for the
  sides which compose the quadrangle do not join at the angles, as is
  usual, but by four walls, each having a large gate which admits you
  into the area, as may be seen in the print. Here is a staircase
  painted and given by Mr. Hogarth, containing two pictures with figures
  large as the life, which for truth of colouring and expression may vie
  with any thing of its kind in Europe. The subject of the one is the
  Good Samaritan, the other the Pool of Bethesda.

BARTLET’S _buildings_, Holborn.†

BARTLET’S _court_. 1. Bartlet’s street.† 2. Holborn hill.†

BARTLET’S _passage_, Fetter lane.†

BARTLET’S _street_, Red Lion street, Clerkenwell.†

BARTON _street_, Cowley street, Westminster.†

BARTON’S _rents_, Shoreditch.†

BARTRAM’S _yard_, Nightingale lane.†

BASINGHALL, a very ancient building now called Blackwell hall, which
  see.

BASINGHALL _court_, Basinghall street.†

  [Illustration: _S Wale del._ _B. Green sculp._ _S^t. Bartholomew’s
  Hospital._]

BASINGHALL _street_, Cateaton street, extends on the east and north
  sides of Blackwell hall, anciently called Basing hall. Tho’ this
  street is neither uniform nor regularly built, it has many handsome
  houses inhabited by merchants. It received its name from its belonging
  to the family of the Basings. _Stow._ See BLACKWELL HALL.

BASING _lane_, Bread street, Cheapside.†

BASKET _alley_, 1. Golden lane. 2. Goswell street.

BASKET-MAKERS, a fraternity by prescription, and not by charter;
  however, they have the honour of being reckoned one of the city
  companies. This community is governed by two Wardens and forty-eight
  Assistants; but has neither livery nor hall.

BASSHAW’S _rents_, Love lane, Bank side, Southwark,

BASSISHAW _ward_, so called from a corruption of Basinghall, once the
  principal house in it, is bounded on the north by Cripplegate ward, on
  the west by that and Cheap wards, and on the south and east by Coleman
  street ward. See the article BLACKWELL HALL.

  This ward is very small, it only consisting of Basinghall street. Its
  principal buildings are St. Michael’s church, also called Bassishaw
  church; Blackwell hall; Coopers hall; Masons hall; and Weavers hall.

  It is governed by an Alderman, his Deputy, four Common Council men,
  seventeen wardmote inquestmen, two scavengers, two constables, and a
  beadle: and the jurymen returned by the wardmote inquest in this ward,
  serve in the several courts of Guildhall in the month of March.

BATCH’S _walk_, Ratcliff highway.†

BATEMAN’S BRIDGE _yard_, Upper Ground street, Southwark.†

BATEMAN’S _street_, May fair.†

BATTERSBY _court_, near King street, Westminster.†

BATTERSEY, a village in Surrey, situated on the river Thames, four miles
  from London, and at the same distance from Richmond. The gardens about
  this place are noted for producing the finest asparagus. It gave the
  title of baron to the late Lord Viscount St. John, who had a seat
  here, which is a plain old building. Here Sir Walter St. John founded
  a free school for twenty boys.

BATES _street_, Ratcliff highway.†

BATH _court_, Queen street.

BATH _street_. 1. Cold Bath fields, thus named from the Cold Bath near
  it. 2. Welbeck street, thus named from the Earl of Bath.

BATTLEBRIDGE. 1. Gray’s inn lane, 2. Mill lane, Tooley street,
  Southwark; it was so called from Battle’s abbey; it standing over a
  water-course, which flows out of the Thames, and formerly belonged to
  that abbey. This bridge was therefore built and repaired by the Abbots
  of that house. _Stow._

BATTLEBRIDGE _stairs_, near Mill lane, Tooley street.

BATT’S _rents_, Whitechapel Common.†

BAXTER’S _court_, Church street, Hackney.†

BAYNARD’S CASTLE _lane_, Thames street, so called from a castle of that
  name built there by William Baynard Lord of Dunmow. _Camden._

BAYNING’S ALMSHOUSE, in Gunpowder alley, Crutched Friars, was erected in
  the year 1631, by Paul Viscount Sudbury, for ten poor housekeepers;
  but being surrendered to the parish, they have made it their
  almshouse.

BEACH _lane_, Whitecross street, Cripplegate‡

BEACONSFIELD, a small town in Buckinghamshire, in the road to Oxford,
  about 23 miles from London. It has several good inns, and is
  remarkable for being the birth-place of Mr. Waller, the celebrated
  poet, who had a great estate, and a handsome seat here, which is still
  in the possession of Edmund Waller, Esq; his descendant. There is a
  fine monument erected in the church yard, to the memory of Mr. Waller
  the poet.

BEADLES _court_, Eagle street, Holborn.

BEAK _street_, Swallow street, Piccadilly, so called from most of the
  houses belonging to Col. Beak.

BEAL’S _wharf_, Mill street, Tooley street.†

BEAR _alley_. 1. Addle hill, Thames street.* 2. Fleet ditch.* 3. London
  wall.*

BEAR _court_, Butcher row, Ratcliff.*

BEARBINDER _lane_, Swithin’s lane, Cannon street.

BEAR GARDEN, Bank side, Southwark.

BEAR _lane_, Gravel lane, Southwark.†

BEAR KEY, or Bear quay, near the Custom house. There are two streets of
  this name, Great and Little Bear Key, which lead from Thames street to
  the water side. On the key opposite to them, are landed vast
  quantities of corn, and formerly much bear, a small sort of barley,
  now little used in England; tho’ a great deal of it is brewed into ale
  and beer in Dublin, and from this grain Bear key undoubtedly took its
  name.

BEAR _Key stairs_, Bear key.

BEAR’S _court_, Butcher row, Ratcliff cross.

BEAR’S FOOT _alley_, Bank side.

BEAR _street_, Leicester fields.

BEAR _yard_. 1. Fore street, Lambeth.* 2. Long walk, King John’s court.*
  3. Silver street.* 4. Vere street, Claremarket.*

BEAR AND HARROW _court_, Butcher row, Temple bar.*

BEAR AND RAGGED STAFF _court_, Drury lane.*

BEAR AND RAGGED STAFF _yard_, Whitecross street, Cripplegate.*

BEARDLEY’S _yard_, Wapping wall.†

BEAUCHAMP _street_, Leather lane, Holborn.†

BEAUFORT’S _buildings_, in the Strand.†

BECK’S _rents_. 1. Ropemaker’s fields, Limehouse.† 2. Rosemary lane,
  Little Tower hill.†

  _Lords of the_ BEDCHAMBER, fourteen officers of great distinction,
  under the Lord Chamberlain; the first of whom is Groom of the Stole.
  They are usually persons of the highest quality, and their office is,
  each in his turn, to wait one week in the King’s bedchamber, and there
  to lie all night on a pallet bed by the King, and to supply the place
  of the Groom of the Stole in his absence. They also wait upon the King
  when he eats in private; for the cupbearers, carvers, and sewers do
  not then wait. The Groom of the Stole has 2000_l._ a year, and the
  rest of the Lords of the Bedchamber 1000_l._ a year each. See GROOM OF
  THE STOLE.

  _Grooms of the_ BEDCHAMBER, eight officers of considerable rank under
  the Lords of the bedchamber, each of whom has a salary of 500_l._ _per
  annum_.

BEDDINGTON, in Surrey, the seat and manor of the ancient family of the
  Carews, is a noble edifice; but the wings are too deep for the body of
  the house; for they should either have been placed at a greater
  distance, or not have been so long. The court before them is fine, as
  is the canal in the park, which lies before this court, and has a
  river running through it. All the flat part of the park is taken up
  with very fine gardens, which extend in vistas two or three miles. The
  orangery is said to be the only one in England that is planted in the
  natural ground, and the trees, which are above an hundred years old,
  were brought out of Italy by Sir Francis Carew, Bart. They are,
  however, secured in the winter by moveable covers. The pleasure house,
  which was also built by Sir Francis, has the famous Spanish Armada
  painted on the top of it, and under it is a cold bath. The church is a
  beautiful small Gothic pile, built of stone, in the north and south
  isles of which are several stalls after the manner of cathedrals: and
  here is also two charity schools, one for boys, and the other for
  girls.

BEDFORD _buildings_, near Gray’s inn.

BEDFORDBURY, Chandos street.

BEDFORD _court_. 1. Bedford street, Covent Garden. 2. Red Lion street,
  Holborn. 3. In the Strand.

BEDFORD HOUSE. See BLOOMSBURY _square_.

BEDFORD _mews_, a street of stables near Grays inn walks.

BEDFORD _passage_, Southampton street.

BEDFORD _row_, near Gray’s inn.

BEDFORD _street_. 1. Covent garden, a handsome broad street. It takes
  its name from the Duke of Bedford, who is at least ground landlord. 2.
  Red Lion street, Holborn; a very handsome strait and well built
  street, inhabited by persons of distinction.

BEDLAM, or BETHLEHEM HOSPITAL. See BETHLEM.

BEDNAL, or BETHNAL GREEN. See BETHNAL GREEN.

BEDNAL, or BETHNAL GREEN road, Mile End.

BEDWARD’S _court_, White street.†

BEEHIVE _alley_, Snow hill.*

BEEHIVE _court_, Little St. Thomas Apostles.*

BEER _lane_, a crooked lane leading from Tower street into Thames
  street, opposite the Custom house.

BEGGAR’S ALMS _alley_, Rosemary lane.

BEGGAR’S BUSH _yard_, Gravel lane.

BEGGAR’S _hill_, Maid lane, Southwark.

BELL _alley_. 1. Aldersgate street without.* 2. Austin Friars.* 3. Budge
  row.* 4. Canon street, Walbrook.* 5. Coleman street, Lothbury, where
  there are two allies of this name.* 6. Dean street, Ratcliff highway.*
  7. Dock head.* 8. Fenchurch street.* 9. Golden lane.* 10. Goswell
  street.* 11. Great Carter lane.* 12. Great Eastcheap.* 13. Green
  alley, Tooley street.* 14. Kingsland road.* 15. King street,
  Westminster.* 16. Labour-in-vain hill, Thames street.* 17. Lamb
  street.* 18. New stairs, Wapping.* 19. Old Bedlam.* 20. Old street.*
  21. Saffron hill.* 22. Snow hill.* 23. Spital yard.* 24. Thieving
  lane.* 25. Tooley street, Southwark.* 26. Turnmill street.* 27.
  Walbrook.*

BELL _yard_, Bishopsgate street, without.*

BELL AND BEAR _alley_, Great Eastcheap.*

BELL _court_. 1. Gray’s inn lane.* 2. Great Carter lane.* 3. Grub
  street.* 4. Moorfields.* 5. St. Martin’s le grand.* 6. Thomas street.

BELL _dock_, Wapping.*

BELL _lane_. 1. Lisham green.* 2. By Crispin street, Spitalfields.*

BELL _wharf_. 1. Tooley street. 2. Lower Shadwell.*

BELL _wharf stairs_. 1. Lower Shadwell.* 2. Thames street.*

BELL _inn yard_. 1. St. Margaret’s hill.* 2. In the Strand.*

BELL SAVAGE _inn yard_, Ludgate hill. This inn was so called from its
  being kept by Isabella Savage, who was called in French _Belle
  Sauvage_, or lovely Savage. _Fullers Church Hist_.

BELL _yard_. 1. Barnaby street.* 2. Coleman street.* 3. Fleet street.*
  4. Fore street, Lambeth.* 5. Gracechurch street.* 6. Great Carter
  lane.* 7. King’s street, Westminster.* 8. Little St. Martin’s lane,
  Charing cross.* 9. Long alley, Moorfields.* 10. Mincing lane.* 11.
  Mount street.* 12. New Fish street hill.* 13. Old Fish street hill.*
  14. Rosemary lane.* 15. St. Margaret’s hill, Southwark.* 16. Stony
  lane.* 17. Vine street.* 18. Whitechapel.* 19. Whitehorse street,
  Ratcliff.*

BELL’S _alley_, St. Catherine’s lane.†

BELL’S _court_, St. Michael’s lane.

BELL’S _rents_. 1. Barnaby street.† 2. Mint street.†

BELL’S _wharf_, Millbank.†

BELLOWS _yard_. 1. In Fore street.* 2. In the Minories.*

BELSYSE, in Middlesex, is situated on the south west side of Hampstead
  hill, and was a fine seat belonging to the Lord Wotton, and afterwards
  to the late Earl of Chesterfield: but in the year 1720, it was
  converted into a place of polite entertainment, particularly for
  music, dancing, and play, when it was much frequented on account of
  its neighbourhood to London: but since that time it has been suffered
  to run to ruin.

  [Illustration: _S. Wale del._ _ B. Green sculp._ _Belvedere House._]

BELVEDERE HOUSE, this belongs to Sampson Gideon, Esq; is situated on the
  brow of a hill, near Erith in Kent, and commands a vast extent of a
  fine country many miles beyond the Thames, which is about a mile and
  half distant. This river and navigation add greatly to the beauty of
  this scene, which exhibits to the eye of the delighted spectator, as
  pleasing a landskip of the kind as imagination can form. The
  innumerable ships employed in the immense trade of London, are beheld
  continually sailing up and down the river. On the other side are
  prospects not less beautiful, tho’ of another kind. This gentleman has
  very judiciously laid out his grounds, and made many beautiful vistas.
  The house is but small, tho’ an addition has been made of a very noble
  room; this and two others are finely furnish’d with pictures, of which
  follows a catalogue. The collection, though not numerous, is very
  valuable, it containing none but pieces which are originals by the
  greatest masters, and some of them very capital.

                           In the Long Parlour.

                        │   Height.│  Breadth.│Painted by
                        │ Feet Inc.│ Feet Inc.│

    View of Venice      │          │          │

    Ditto, with the Doge│        2.│      4  6│_Canaletti._
      marrying the sea  │          │          │

    Its companion       │          │          │

    Time bringing truth │      2  5│      3  0│_Rubens._
      to light, a sketch│          │          │

    The Alchymist       │      3  1│      4  2│_Teniers._

    Portrait of Sir John│      3  1│      2  7│_Holbein._
      Gage              │          │          │

    A landskip          │      2  0│      2  4│_G. Poussin._

    Battle of the       │      1  1│      1  6│_Rottenhammer._
      Amazons           │          │          │

    The unjust Steward  │      2  7│      4  6│_Quintin Matsys._

                              In the Lobby.

    Noah’s Ark          │      1  9│     2  10│_Velvet Brughel._

    St. Catherine       │      2  6│      2  0│_Leonardo da Vinci._

    Van Trump           │     2  10│      2  4│_Francis Hals._

    Vulcan, or the      │      4  6│      5  9│_Bassan._
      element of Fire   │          │          │

    A picture of horses,│      1  8│      1  4│_Wouverman._
      its companion     │          │          │

    Two insides of      │      0  0│      0  0│_De Neef._
      churches, small   │          │          │

    A Dutch woman and   │      1  9│      1  6│_Sir Ant. More._
      her three children│          │          │

    Rembrant painting an│     2  10│      2  0│_by himself._
      old woman         │          │          │

    A courtezan and her │      2  4│      2  4│_Giorgione._
      gallant           │          │          │

    The golden age      │      2  0│      3  2│_Velvet Brughel._

    Snyders with his    │      5  4│      4  0│_Rubens._
      wife and child    │          │          │

    Rebecca bringing    │      4  6│      3  2│_De la Hyre._
      presents to Laban │          │          │

    Boors at cards      │      2  0│      2  0│_Teniers._

    The element of Earth│      4  6│      5  9│_Jai. Bassan._

    Marriage in Cana of │      4  0│      5  0│_P. Veronese._
      Gallilee          │          │          │

    Two landskips       │      2  0│      3  2│_G. Poussin._

    The genealogy of    │      3  0│      2  3│_Albert Durer._
      Christ            │          │          │

    Beggar boys at cards│      2  0│      1  4│_Salvator Rosa._

    Herod consulting the│      1  4│      2  8│_Rembrant._
      wisemen           │          │          │

    Marriage of St.     │      2  8│      3  2│_Old Palma._
      Catherine         │          │          │

    two fine bas        │          │          │_by Soldani_
      relievos in brass,│          │          │
      one Bacchus and   │          │          │
      Ariadne, the other│          │          │
       Ceres teaching   │          │          │
      Triptolemus the   │          │          │
      use of the plough │          │          │

                              In the Saloon.

    The conception,     │      7  8│      7  8│_Murillo._
      painted for an    │          │          │
      altar piece       │          │          │

    The flight into     │          │          │_Ditto._
      Egypt, its        │          │          │
      companion         │          │          │

    Vulcan, Venus,      │      5  6│      8  4│_Tintoret._
      Cupid, and sundry │          │          │

    figures, an         │          │          │
      emblematic subject│          │          │

    Mars and Venus      │      5  8│      4  3│_P. Veronese._

    Christ among the    │      5  2│      6  6│_L. Giordano._
      Doctors           │          │          │

    Duke of Buckingham’s│      5  8│      5  6│_by himself._
      mistress, her     │          │          │

    three children, and │          │          │
      a son of Rubens   │          │          │

    A landskip          │     4  10│      6  2│_Claude._

    Leopold’s gallery   │          │          │_Teniers._

    Teniers, own        │      3  2│      4  2│_Ditto._
      gallery, its      │          │          │
      companion         │          │          │

BEMBRIDGE’S _rents_, Moor lane, Moorfields.†

BEMBRIDGE _street_, St Giles’s pound.†

BEN _court_, Grub street.†

BENJAMIN _street_. 1. Cow cross.† 2. Longditch, Westminster.† 3. Red
  Lion street, Clerkenwell.† 4. Swallow street.†

_St._ BENNET FINK, was dedicated to St. Benedict, vulgarly called St.
  Bennet, an Italian saint, the founder of the order of Benedictine
  monks; and received the additional name of _Fink_ from its rebuilder
  Robert Fink. It is situated on the south side of Thread-needle-street.
  The old church being destroyed in the general conflagration in 1666,
  the present edifice was erected in its room. The body is of an
  irregular form, enlightened by large arched windows, which reach to
  the roof; this is incompassed with a balustrade, and crowned with a
  lantern: a dome rises upon the whole extent of the tower, and on its
  top rises a turret.

  This church is a curacy in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of
  Windsor, who generally supply it with one of their own Canons. The
  Curate receives 100_l._ a year in lieu of tithes.

_St._ BENNET’S _Gracechurch street_, is situated at the south west
  corner of Fenchurch street. The old church being much damaged by the
  fire in 1666, was taken down, and the present structure erected in its
  place, which is built principally of stone, and is a regular,
  convenient, and neat edifice, without the expence of columns and
  porticos. It has a handsome balustrade at the top, and a very high
  spire of the obelisk kind, the base of which is supported by four
  porticos.

  This church is a rectory in the patronage of the Dean and Chapter of
  St. Paul’s; and the parish of St. Leonard Eastcheap is annexed to it.
  The Rector receives 140_l._ a year in lieu of tithes.

_St._ BENNET’S _Paul’s Wharf_, is so called from its being consecrated
  to St. Benedict, and its vicinity to that wharf. It is situated at the
  south west corner of St. Bennet’s hill, and the old church being
  destroyed by the fire of London in 1666, this was erected in its
  place, from a design of Sir Christopher Wren. It is a neat structure;
  the body is well proportioned: the tower has rustic corners, and its
  turret and small spire are raised from the crown of a dome.

  This church is a rectory, the collation to which is in the Dean and
  Chapter of St. Paul’s. The parish of St. Peter Paul’s Wharf is united
  to it, and the Rector receives 100_l._ a year in lieu of tithes.

  _St_. BENNET’S _Sherehog_, stood opposite to St. Sythe’s lane, in St.
  Pancras lane, and in the ward of Cheap. In the year 1323, it went by
  the name of St. Osyth, from its being dedicated to a queen and martyr
  of that name; but she was divested of the tutelage of this church, by
  Benedict Shorne, a fishmonger of London, who was a rebuilder,
  repairer, or benefactor to it; and Shorne his surname, being corrupted
  into Shrog, was at last converted into Sherehog. This church sharing
  the common fate of the general conflagration in 1666, and not being
  rebuilt, the parish was annexed to that of St. Stephen’s Walbrook.
  _Newc. Rep. Eccl. Paroch._

BENNET _street_, a short street, westward into Arlington street,
  Piccadilly.

BENNET’S BRIDGE _lane_, Upper Ground street, Southwark.†

BENNET’S _court_. 1. Beggars hill, Southwark.† 2. Canon row.† 3. Drury
  lane.† 4. Limehouse causeway.† 5. Long lane, Southwark.† 6. The
  Strand.† 7. White street.†

BENNET’S _hill_, Thames street, thus named from the church of St.
  Bennet’s Paul’s Wharf.

BENNET’S _street_. 1. Longditch.† 2. Near the Upper ground, Southwark.†
  3. St. James’s street.†

BENNET’S _yard_, near Tufton street.†

BENSON’S _alley_, Shoreditch.†

BENTINCK _street_, Berwick street.

BERKHAMSTED, an ancient town in Hertfordshire, situated 30 miles to the
  N. W. of London. It was anciently a Roman town, and here some of the
  Saxon kings kept their court. William the Conqueror here swore to the
  nobility to preserve the laws made by his predecessors; and here Henry
  II. kept his court, and granted the town all the laws and liberties it
  had enjoyed under Edward the Confessor. It was a borough in the reign
  of Henry III. and James I. to whose children this place was a nursery,
  made it a corporation, by the name of the Bailiff and Burgesses of
  Berkhamsted St. Peter; the Burgesses to be twelve, to chuse a
  Recorder, and Town Clerk, to have a prison, _&c._ but in the next
  reign it was so impoverished by the civil wars, that the government
  was dropp’d, and has not been since renewed. Its market is also much
  decayed. The town, though situated on the south side of a marsh,
  extends itself far in a broad street, and handsome buildings, and is
  pleasantly surrounded with high and hard ground, full of pastures,
  hedgerows, and arable land. What remains of the castle, which is but
  one third of it, was not long ago the seat of the Careys, and is now
  the seat of the family of the Ropers. Here is a spacious church
  dedicated to St. Peter, which has eleven of the Apostles on its
  pillars, with a sentence of the creed on each, and on the twelfth
  pillar is St. George killing the dragon. The other public buildings
  are, a free school, which is a handsome brick structure, well endowed,
  the King being patron, and the Warden of All Souls College in Oxford,
  Visitor; and a handsome almshouse, built and endowed by Mr. John Sayer
  and his wife, who gave 1300_l._ for that purpose.

BERKLEY SQUARE, near Hyde Park road, contains about three acres, and is
  well built on the north, east and west sides.

  The following is an account of the choice and valuable collection of
  pictures and prints of John Barnard, Esq; at his house in Berkley
  square.

  A holy family, by Parmegiano, well preserved, and the characters very
  fine. It was out of the Count de Platembourg’s collection at
  Amsterdam.

  A crucifixion, by Paulo Veronese, about three feet high; there is a
  fine group of figures at bottom, and the figures on the cross are
  remarkably well drawn.

  Christ calling to Zaccheus; and the Angel appearing to St. John in the
  wilderness; both by Paulo Veronese, in his finest manner and highest
  colouring.

  A præsepe, or nativity, by Jacomo Bassan; the light comes from the
  child, and has a surprizing effect, being in his highest colouring.
  These three last are upright narrow pictures, oval at top, and were
  originally designed for some elegant little chapel.

  Christ led to be crucified, by the same master; the colouring is the
  richest; and the expression is much finer than one often sees of
  Bassan.

  Adam ploughing and Eve spinning, by Domenico Fetti: this picture is
  finely coloured, and the character of Eve is prettier than can well be
  expressed; it was in the collection of Monsieur Biberon at Paris, and
  Monsieur Crozat mentions it in his work, along with two others of the
  same subject, one of which belongs to the King of France.

  A holy family, with a little St. John presenting a cross, by Guido.
  This picture, which is but fifteen inches high, may be truly said to
  be in his very finest manner; the characters of the Virgin and St.
  Joseph are inexpressibly fine, and it is in the best preservation. It
  was in the Duke de Tallard’s collection.

  The martyrdom of a female saint, by Correggio. This picture came out
  of the same collection as the last, and is much of the same size; it
  is in his first manner, but yet visibly of his hand; the colouring and
  some of the characters are fine. The Duke of Tallard had it out of the
  collection of Monsieur Crozat, where it was always esteemed a true
  picture of Correggio.

  A holy family, with a little St. John presenting a dish of fruit, by
  Simone da Pesaro, commonly called Cantarini, who was the best disciple
  of Guido. The figures are half length as big as life. True pictures of
  this master are very scarce in England, and this is one of his best,
  and in the highest preservation.

  The Virgin with the child in her lap, half length, as big as life, by
  Vandyck. The character of the Virgin is as sweet, and the colouring as
  fine, as any thing of this master’s painting. This was out of the
  collection of Monsieur Biberon, and there is an old print of this
  picture.

  A holy family, by the same master. This is the small picture, but the
  characters of the Virgin and child, and the sweetness and mellowness
  of the colouring, are at least equal to the large one. There is a
  print of this by Bolswert.

  A head of St. Peter, with a fish in his hand, by Spagnoletto. The
  expression and force in this picture are extremely great. There is a
  mezzotinto print engraved after it by Mr. MacArdell.

  Pharoah and his host drowned in the Red sea, about five feet wide, by
  Valerio Castelli. The character of Moses is very great, and the
  colouring throughout is remarkably fine.

  The conversion of St. Paul, by Luca Jordano, with many figures and
  horsemen, about six feet wide. This is one of his best, in the free
  and spirited style, for which he was most famous.

  A battle, by the same master, not quite so large. The composition in
  this picture is better, and the figures seem more alive and in motion,
  than in almost any battle pieces to be met with.

  Tobit burying the dead, by Benedetto Castiglione, in the style of
  Nicola Poussin, which master (in his latter time) he particularly
  studied and imitated; and he succeeded therein so well, in this
  picture, both in the composition and drawing, that was not his name
  upon it, several of the best judges have declared, they should not
  only have taken it for a true picture of that master, but also for a
  very fine one of him.

  A landskip, by Claude Lorrain, near four feet wide; the subject is a
  warm evening; it is in the highest preservation, not in the least
  turned black, and in his very finest taste and manner of painting: the
  keeping, and that harmony and tenderness of tints, for which that
  master was so famous, are remarkably conspicuous in this picture, and
  the figures, which are but few, are much better than one generally
  sees in his works.

  A præsepe, by Pietro da Cortona: the composition and the harmony of
  colours in this picture are very fine.

  The entombing of Christ, by Federico Barocci: the dead body is rather
  disagreeable, but some of the characters are very fine. This was out
  of the Duke D’Auvergne’s collection at Paris.

  The adoration of the Magi, by Rubens: this is only a sketch for a
  large picture, yet it is so finished, that at a proper distance the
  characters are as expressive, and the colouring as rich as in a
  finish’d picture.

  St. Thomas, who disbelieves putting his finger in the wound in
  Christ’s side, by Michael Angelo Caravaggio. This is also a sketch,
  but the dignity in the characters, and the fine large folds of
  drapery, shew it to be the work of a great master. Mr. Barnard has a
  print of this picture etch’d by the master himself, which is extremely
  scarce.

  The stoning of St. Stephen, by Filippo Lauri. Though the figures in
  this picture are rather larger than those which are in his very best
  manner, yet they are finely drawn, and the gaiety and beauty of the
  colouring, together with the fine keeping observed in the distant
  figures, make it a very pleasing and fine picture.

  Christ’s agony in the garden, by the same master. The figures in this
  are smaller than in the preceding; and the fine characters, and
  correctness of drawing of the figures, joined to the beautiful
  colouring, have always made this picture, though a very small one,
  esteemed by the greatest judges as one of his best.

  The same subject in a round, about a foot diameter, by Carlo Maratti;
  the angels heads are fine, and the colouring pleasing. This picture
  belonged to Mr. Jarvis the painter, who had a companion to it by the
  same hand, the subject a dead Christ; he valued them very highly.

  A holy family, by the same master, about one foot seven inches high;
  this is painted in his best time and finest colouring.

  A Silence, by Nicolo Poussin: the subject a landskip, the evening, in
  which a little boy is running away with a Satyr’s musical instrument
  as he lies asleep; other figures are lying and leaning in a reposed
  manner. Though this picture is only about seventeen inches wide, and
  the figures but small, yet they are as genteel, and as correctly
  drawn, as in any of his finest pictures.

  The woman taken in adultery, by Sebastian Ricci. The greatness of the
  design the dignity and propriety of the characters, particularly the
  woman, and the harmony of the colours, shew him to be (tho’ a modern
  master) equal to most of the greatest that went before him.

  Two misers counting and setting down their money; the same subject,
  but with some variation as that at Windsor, by Quintin Matsys of
  Antwerp, who repeated this picture several times.

  An old man’s head with a ruff, painted by Rembrant. It is thought to
  be the portrait of Ephraim Bonus the Physician, as it bears a great
  resemblance to the print of him engraved by Rembrant himself, but in
  the picture he is much older. The light and shade in this picture is
  extremely fine. Mr. Houston, an excellent engraver in mezzotinto, has
  engraved a very fine print after this picture.

  A fine landskip with Tobit and the Angel, near three feet wide, by the
  same master; the effect of colours in this picture is surprising.

  A Magdalene’s head, by Guido.

  An historical subject, a woman and three children, _&c._ by Solimene.
  This is better coloured, and more finished, than one generally sees of
  this master.

  Angels holding a mitre over St. Ambrose, a finished sketch for a large
  picture, by the same master. The character of St. Ambrose is very
  fine, and the draperies are in a great style of painting.

  Susannah and the Elders, by Le Moine. The colouring of the woman, who
  is near naked, is very fine, and the composition and the landskip are
  very agreeable.

  A little boy and girl naked in a landskip of a garden, by Albano, in
  his richest colouring.

  A battle, by Bourgognone, about two feet wide; this is clearer and
  better coloured than most of his pictures usually are.

  Two landskips, by Gaspar Poussin, about two feet two inches wide each.
  They are in his finest green manner, and extremely well preserved.

  Another landskip, by the same master, a little larger but upright, and
  also in his richest and best manner.

  A landskip with rocks, and a man lying reading, by Salvator Rosa,
  about two feet two inches wide. This is one of those pictures that
  were engraved and published by direction of Mr. Pond some years ago:
  it belonged then to Mr. Kent.

  A landskip, its companion, by Bartolomeo, a disciple of the above
  master. The figures and water in this picture are remarkably fine.

  A landskip, a warm evening, about the same size, by Jean Asselin,
  commonly called Crabacci, with cattle in the water by Berchem in his
  finest manner. Mr. Major, an engraver of great merit, has made a very
  capital print from this picture.

  A landskip with cattle and figures, by Cuyp, its companion. The
  sun-shine, for which this master is so famous, is particularly fine in
  this picture.

  Venus and Adonis with Cupids, by Van Baelen, in a landskip about the
  same size as the above, by Velvet Brughell, who has introduced dogs,
  _&c._ painted with the utmost life and spirit. This is as fine a
  coloured picture as can possibly be met with.

  A landskip about the same size, with a flock of sheep, _&c._ by
  Francesco Mille. The composition is fine, and this is one of his
  richest pictures.

  A piece of ruins, by Viviano, about the same size.

  A piece of ruins, by Ghisolfi, with a man sitting by the side of the
  Tiber.

  A sea calm with English yachts, by William Vandevelde. The keeping,
  the figures, and the water, are uncommonly fine in this picture.

  A canal with boats on it, and a bridge at the end, with buildings on
  each side, by Canaletti. This picture, for the fineness of the water,
  and the justness of the perspective, is allowed to be one of the very
  finest of this master.

  A landskip with figures, fishing, &c. by Zuccharelli, about 2 feet 9
  inches wide. This picture from the fineness of the figures, and the
  uncommon richness of the colouring, has been always deemed at least
  equal to any thing this great master ever painted.

  A holy family, with a little St. John sitting on a lamb, by
  Scarcellini de Ferrara, after a design of Augustine Caracci; it is a
  small picture, but the characters and colouring are remarkably sweet
  in it.

  A very masterly sketch of the miraculous cross of St. Antonio de
  Padua, by Seb. Ricci. This at a little distance, has all the effect of
  a finish’d picture.

  Christ and the two disciples at Emaus, by Elsheimer. The story is
  finely told, and there is great expression in the figures: this
  picture is a curiosity, not only from the great scarceness of the
  works of this master, but there are in it two different candle lights,
  and a moon light, which have an uncommon, and yet pleasing effect.

  The Virgin supporting a dead Christ, by Lubin Baugin, called in
  France, Le Petit Guide, from his happy manner of imitating the stile
  of that great master, of which this little picture, among others, is a
  proof: this was out of the Duke de Tallard’s collection.

  A sea monster swimming away with a woman, by Albert Durer, who has
  engraved a print of the same subject: this is extremely well
  preserved, and there is a much better keeping observed in it than is
  usual in pictures of that age.

  A camelion with a thistle and flies, most exquisitely painted after
  the life, by Van Aelst.

  A group of various flowers with insects in a glass of water, by a
  master who has mark’d the picture with [Albrecht Durer’s mark] This in
  point of finishing, is perhaps carried as high as art, colours, and
  the finest pointed pencils can possibly arrive.

  A man sitting smoaking, and other back figures, by David Teniers. This
  is in his finest stile, both for colouring and expression.

  Two men with a little dog going to enter a cottage; a smaller picture
  by the same master. Mr. Major has engraved a print from this, and
  call’d it the Friendly Invitation.

  There are other smaller pictures, good in their kind, such as the
  Virgin and Child, by Rottenhammer, highly finished and coloured.

  The same subject, the school of Caracci, if not of him.

  The Virgin and Child with a bird, and a little St. John, by Sebastian
  Bourdon, richer coloured than common of this master.

  A holy family and St. Catherine, by Schidoni.

  An angel drawing an arrow from the side of St. Sebastian, finely
  coloured by Gerrard Seghers.

  Alpheus and Arethusa, Glaucus and Scylla, by Filippo Lauri, in his
  best manner.

  A ship on fire, by Vandevelde: the effect surprizingly fine.

  A landskip, by Wynants, highly finish’d, &c.

  The same Gentleman has also a collection of about twelve thousand
  prints, engraved and etched by the most celebrated masters of the
  three last centuries, much the greatest part of which are not only in
  the highest preservation, but also of the finest impressions; and of
  many of the matters, there are either all, or very near the whole
  work; they are contained in about 50 large volumes, besides above 60
  volumes in sculpture and architecture. The principal part of this
  collection of prints are engraved and etched by Andrea Mantegna, Marco
  Antonio Raimondi, Ugo da Carpi, Silvestra and Marco de Ravenna, Julio
  Bonafoni, Augustino Venetiana, Martinus Rota, Adamo of Mantua, Andrea
  del Sarto, Parmegiano, Primaticcio, Schidoni, Sisto Badalocchi,
  Baroccio, Carnillo Procaccino, Michael Angelo Caravaggio, Guercino,
  Spagnoletto, Paulo Veronese, Palma, Giulio Carpioni, Domenico Canuti,
  Odoardo Fialetti, Paulo Farinati, Ventura Salembeni, all the
  Caracci’s, Battista Franco, Guido Rheni, Simone Cantarini, Elisabetta
  Sirani, Claude Lorrain, Gaspar Poussin, Crescentio, Horizonti,
  Francesco Bolognese, Paul Brill, Both of Italy, Salvator Rosa, Pietro
  Testa, Castiglione, Bourgognone, Carlo Maratti, Luca Jordano, Rubens,
  Vandyck, and others, after him the whole work, Jordaens Rombouts,
  Cornelius de Wael, Vosterman, Martinus Secu, Albert Durer, Lucas Van
  Leiden, Hisbin, Geo. Pens, the Visschers, Rembrant near the whole
  work, Ostade, David Teneirs, Both, Bega, Berchem, Paul Potter, Stoop,
  Ad. Vandevelde, Bamboccio, Hondius, Fyt, Jean Miele, Molenaer, Hollar,
  Bloemart, Sebastian Bourdon, Le Brun, La Hyre, Mignard, Della Bella,
  Callot, Mellan, Spierre, Perelle, Coypel, Pittau, Morin, Edelinck,
  Masson, Drevet, Nanteuil, and many other excellent masters: also a
  very considerable collection of original drawings by most of the
  greatest Italian, and some of the best Flemish and Dutch masters.

BERKLEY _street_, Hyde park road; thus called from its being near the
  Lord Berkley of Stratton’s mansion house.

BERMEETER’S ALMSHOUSE, in St. John street Bethnal green, was founded by
  Mr. Bermeeter, for six poor women, and by him endowed with 30_l._ _per
  annum_.

BERMONDSEY SCHOOL, was founded in the year 1718, by Mr. Josiah Bacon,
  who bequeatheth the sum of 700_l._ for purchasing land, and erecting a
  school upon it, which he endowed with 150_l._ a year, for educating
  sixty poor children of the parish of St. Mary Bermondsey street,
  called by corruption Barnaby street. See _St._ MARY MAGDALEN’S
  BERMONDSEY.

  The district of Bermondsey appears in William the Conqueror’s survey
  to have been a royal manor, in which were twenty five husbandmen, and
  twenty-three cottagers. _Maitland._

BERNARD’S or BARNARD’S INN, situated on the south side of Holborn, near
  Fetter lane, was anciently called Mackworth’s Inn, and is one of the
  Inns of Chancery. This Society consists of a Principal and twelve
  Antients, besides other members, who are obliged to be in commons a
  fortnight in two terms, and ten days in each of the other two, on the
  penalty of forfeiting five shillings a week.

BERRY _court_. 1. Liquorpond street.†. 2. Love lane, Wood street,
  Cheapside.† 3. St. Mary Ax.

BERRY _street_. 1. Piccadilly.† 2. Near St. Mary Ax, Leadenhall street.†

BERWICK _street_, Old Soho.

BETHLEHEM _court_, Old Bethlehem.†

BETHLEM, or BEDLAM HOSPITAL, originally a priory, was founded in the
  year 1247, by Simon Fitzroy, of London, or according to Stow, Simon
  Fitz Mary, Sheriff of London, on the east side of the place now called
  the quarters of Moorfields, and of the burial ground of Old Bethlem.
  This priory consisted of brothers and sisters, who wore a star upon
  their copes and mantles, probably in commemoration of the star that
  guided the wisemen in their visit to our Saviour at his birth; and
  these monks were to receive the Bishop and the Canons of Bethlehem,
  whenever they should come to England. But King Henry VIII. giving this
  house to the city of London, it was converted into an hospital for the
  cure of lunatics; but not without a certain weekly expence, paid
  either by their relations or the parish.

  This hospital being, however, in an incommodious situation, and
  becoming both ruinous, and unable to receive and entertain the great
  number of distracted persons, whose friends sued for their admission,
  the Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council, granted the Governors a
  piece of ground along the south side of the lower quarters of
  Moorfields, upon which the foundation of the present hospital was laid
  in April 1675, and notwithstanding its being the most magnificent
  edifice of its kind in Europe, was only fifteen months in erecting, as
  appears by an inscription on its front.

  This noble edifice is 540 feet in length, and 40 feet in breadth, and
  is finely situated. The middle and ends, which project a little, are
  adorned with pilasters, entablatures, foliages, and other ornaments,
  and rising above the rest of the building, have each a flat roof with
  a handsome balustrade of stone, in the center of which is an elegant
  turret. That in the middle is adorned with a clock, and three dials, a
  gilt ball, and a vane on the top.

  [Illustration: S. Wale del.   B. Green sculp. _Bethlem._]

  [Illustration: S. Wale del.   B. Green sculp. _London Bridge._]

  This building upon the whole shews more the good intentions, than the
  good taste of the founders of this charity, the style of architecture
  being very improper for an hospital for madmen. Simplicity and
  regularity was all that should have been aimed at, and if there was a
  necessity for pilasters, those of the Tuscan order would have suited
  the design much better than Corinthian; but without regarding the
  application, the middle pavilion, which is elegant, should have
  certainly been larger and more principal. The entrance is grand, and
  the figures on the piers, one representing raving, and the other
  melancholy madness, are finely expressed, and do honour to their
  author Mr. Cibber, father of the late Poet Laureat. Since the first
  erecting of this edifice, two wings have been added, in order to
  contain a number of incurables. And before this fabric is a handsome
  wall 680 feet in length, which, like the structure itself, is built
  with brick and stone. It incloses a range of gardens neatly adorned
  with walks of broad stone, grass plats and trees, wherein those of the
  lunatics who are well enough to be suffered to go about, are allowed
  to walk there and enjoy the benefit of the fresh air. In the middle of
  this wall is a large pair of fine iron gates, and by them a small
  entrance for the admission of those who come out of curiosity to visit
  this hospital; on each side towards the top of these gates are placed
  the two statues, in the manner represented in the print.

  The expence of erecting this edifice, besides that of building the
  wings, amounted to near 17,000_l._

  The inside chiefly consists of two galleries one over the other, which
  cross the wings, and are 193 yards long, thirteen feet high, and
  sixteen feet broad; without including the cells for the patients,
  which are twelve feet deep. These galleries are divided in the middle
  by two iron grates, by which means all the men are placed at one end
  of the house, and all the women at the other, and in each gallery
  servants lie, to be ready at hand on all occasions. In the middle of
  the upper gallery is a large spacious room, where the Governors, and,
  in the lower, where the weekly Committee meet, and the Physician
  prescribes for the patients; besides, above there are convenient
  apartments for the steward of the house, the porter, matron, nurse and
  servants; and below stairs all necessary offices for keeping and
  dressing the provisions; for washing, and other necessary offices
  belonging to so large a family; and also a bathing place for the
  patients, so contrived, as to be an hot or cold bath, as occasion
  requires.

  [Illustration: _S. Wale delin._ _C. Grignion sc._ _Figures on Bethlem
  Gate_]

  There are generally above 200 lunatics maintained in this hospital,
  each of whom has a small room or cell to himself, where he is locked
  up on nights, and in this room is a place for a bed; but where the
  patients are so senseless as not to be fit to make use of one, they
  are every day provided with fresh clean straw. Those are judged the
  fittest objects that are raving and furious, and yet capable of cure.

  As to the method of admitting them, they are brought on Saturday, when
  the Committee meets, to be viewed by them and the Physician; and if a
  person be judged a fit object, a warrant is drawn up for his admission
  by the clerk of the hospital, to be signed by the President, or, in
  his absence, by the Treasurer. Those who put in the patient are
  obliged to give a bond, signed by two persons, to take him away when
  discharged, or if he dies, to be at the expence of burying him. Their
  friends, who put them in, are obliged to provide them with cloaths;
  but there is a wardrobe from whence they are supplied, when neglected
  by those friends: for though, when raving and furious, they suffer but
  little from the weather; yet in their intervals, they frequently
  contract other distempers, care of which is also taken, as well as of
  their lunacy, whether those distempers be external or internal; and
  though formerly every patient paid 5_s._ a week, they now not only pay
  nothing, but after their recovery and leaving the hospital, are
  furnished with medicines to prevent a relapse. When a patient is
  cured, he is called before a Committee of the Governors and
  Physicians, who examine him, and being found fit to be discharged, the
  Physician gives a certificate to that purpose, and then the steward of
  the house takes care to have him delivered to his friends.

  The hospitals of Bethlem and Bridewell being made one corporation,
  they have the same President, Treasurer, Governors, Clerk, Physician,
  Surgeon, and Apothecary; yet each hospital has its proper steward and
  inferior officers, and a particular committee is chosen out of the
  Governors for each. Out of that appointed for Bethlem, there are six
  who meet every Saturday, to examine the steward’s account of expences
  for the preceding week, and to sign it after it is approved; they also
  view the provisions, examine the patients that are to be received or
  discharged, and have the direction of other affairs belonging to this
  hospital.

BETHNAL GREEN, a village near Mile End, and lately one of the hamlets of
  Stepney, from which parish it was separated by an act of parliament in
  the 13th year of his present Majesty’s reign. The old Roman way from
  London led thro’ this hamlet, and joining the military way from the
  west, passed with it to Lea Ferry at Old Ford. Within this hamlet,
  Bonner, Bishop of London, had a palace, and the Trinity House have a
  hospital for twenty-eight decayed seamen, who have been masters of
  ships or pilots, or their widows. See TRINITY HOSPITAL.

  The church built pursuant to the above act, is placed at the north
  east corner of Hare street, Spitalfields, and is a neat, commodious
  edifice, built with brick coped and coined with freestone; and the
  tower, which is not high, is of the same materials. It is remarkable,
  that though the village of itself is small, yet as part of
  Spitalfields anciently belonged to that hamlet, this parish contains
  1800 houses, and the parishioners are computed to amount to above
  15000.

BETT’S _alley_, Anchor street.†

BETT’S _street_. 1. By Knockfergus.† 2. Ratcliff Highway.†

BEVIS _lane_, Duke’s place.

BEVIS MARKS, St. Mary Ax. Here was once a very large house with several
  courts and gardens, which belonging to the Abbot of Bury in Suffolk,
  was called Bury’s Marks, corruptly Bevis Marks. This house being
  demolished, the ground has many houses built upon it, and among the
  rest a synagogue of Jews. _Stow._

BEVIS MARKS SCHOOL, was founded in the in the year 1731, by Isaac de
  Costa Villa Real, a Portuguese Jew, who also endowed it with the
  annual sum of 80_l._ for cloathing and educating twenty Jew girls of
  his nation.

BEWLEY’S _rents_, Holiwell court.†

BIGG’S _alley_, Thrall street, Spitalfields.†

BIGG’S or BETT’S _rents_, Rosemary lane, Tower hill.

BILL _alley_, Billiter lane.

BILLET _yard_, Billiter lane.

BILLINGSGATE, a great fish market in Thames street; which is only a
  large water-gate, port, or harbour, for small vessels, laden with
  fish, oranges, lemons, Spanish onions, and in summer, with Kentish
  cherries; here the Gravesend boats wait to take in their fare; and
  here the woodmongers and coalmen meet at about eight or nine o’clock
  every morning, this being a kind of exchange for those concerned in
  the coal trade.

  Billingsgate is however most famous for being the greatest fish market
  in England, and the only port for fish in London, which has occasioned
  several acts of parliament, to prevent the fishmongers monopolizing
  that considerable article of food. By these acts it is made lawful for
  any person to buy fish in that market, and to sell it again in any
  other market or place in the city of London, or elsewhere, by retail;
  but no fishmonger, or other person, is to engross or buy more than
  shall be for his own sale or use, on pain of forfeiting 20_l._ for
  every such offence, and no fishmonger, or other person, is to expose
  to sale any fish at Billingsgate by retail that was before bought in
  the same market.

BILLINGSGATE _dock_, Thames street.

BILLINGSGATE _ward_, is situated on the side of the Thames, and is
  therefore bounded by that river on the south; as it is on the east by
  Tower street ward, on the west by Bridge ward, and on the north by
  Langbourn ward. It contains a part of Thames street, and Little
  Eastcheap, which lie in the same direction, and those leading from one
  of those streets to the other, as St. Mary at hill, Love lane,
  Botolph’s lane, Pudding lane, and on the other side of Little
  Eastcheap, a considerable part of Rood lane, and Philpot lane. The
  most remarkable buildings are the churches of St. Mary at hill, St.
  Margaret Pattens, and St. George, Botolph lane; Butchers hall, and the
  King’s weigh-house.

  This ward is governed by an Alderman, and ten Common Council men, one
  of whom is Deputy, eleven constables, six scavengers, fourteen
  wardmote inquestmen, and a beadle.

  The jurymen returned by the wardmote inquest, serve as jurors in the
  courts of Guildhall in the month of May.

BILLITER _lane_, Leadenhall street. It was anciently called Belzeter’s
  lane, from its first builder and owner, which was at length corrupted
  to Billiter lane. _Maitland._

BILLITER _square_, Billiter lane.

BILTON’S _alley_, Freeman’s lane, Horselydown.†

BINGLE’S _lane_, Poplar.†

BINHAM’S _yard_, near St. James’s square.†

BIRCHIN _lane_, Cornhill. Stow observes that it was anciently called
  Birchover’s lane, from Birchover, the first builder and owner, and
  that this name was corrupted to Birchin lane.

BIRD’S _alley_, Fashion street.†

BIRD’S _court_, Philip lane.†

BIRD’S _street_, 1. Brook’s street.† 2. Green Bank, Wapping.† 3. Orchard
  street.†

BIRD’S _wharf_, White Friars stairs.†

BIRD’S _yard_, Chick lane, Smithfield.†

BIRD CAGE _alley_. 1. Anchor street.* 2. In the Borough.* 3. St.
  Margaret’s Hill, Southwark.*

BIRDCATCHERS _alley_, Whitechapel.

BIRD IN HAND _alley_, Cheapside.*

BISHOP’S _court_. 1. Ailsbury street. 2. Brook’s street. 3. Chancery
  lane, from the Bishop of Chichester’s house near that place. 4.
  Coleman street. 5. Durham yard in the Strand. 6. Fore street. 7.
  Gray’s Inn lane. 8. Little Old Bailey. 9. Lothbury. 10. Old Soho. 11.
  Old street.

BISHOP’S _yard_, Charles street, Grosvenor square.

BISHOPSGATE, is situated 1440 feet north west of Aldgate. Mr. Strype
  imagines that it was erected by Erkenwald Bishop of London about the
  year 675, a conjecture founded only on the effigies of two Bishops
  wherewith this gate was formerly adorned, and from which it might take
  its name: but it is probable that it was not erected so early, since
  Mr. Stow could not find it mentioned before the year 1210.

  In the reign of King Henry III. the Anseatic company residing in this
  city, in consideration of several privileges granted them, obliged
  themselves and their successors, not only to keep this gate in repair,
  but to defend it, whenever it should be attacked by an enemy: and by
  this company it was rebuilt in a beautiful manner in the year 1479. On
  the south side over the gateway, was placed a stone image of a Bishop
  with a mitre on his head; he had a long beard, eyes sunk, and an old
  mortified face, and was supposed to present St. Erkenwald. On the
  north side was another Bishop with a smooth face, reaching out his
  right hand to bestow his benedictions, and holding a crosier in his
  left, who is thought to have been the courtly Bishop William the
  Norman: this last was accompanied by two other figures in stone,
  supposed to be King Alfred, and his son Eldred Earl of Mercia. The
  present structure is a plain neat edifice erected in 1735. On the top
  over the gateway, which is very lofty, is the city arms supported by
  dragons; and on each side of the gate is a postern for the convenience
  of foot passengers.

BISHOPSGATE _street_ extends from Cornhill, thro’ the gate, to Norton
  Falgate, that part between the gate and Cornhill being called
  Bishopsgate street within, and all without the gate, Bishopsgate
  street without.

BISHOPSGATE _ward_, which takes its name from the gate, that stands
  almost in its center, is bounded on the south by Langbourn ward; on
  the west by Broad street ward; and Moorfields on the east by Aldgate
  ward, Portsoken ward, and part of the Tower liberty; and on the north
  by Shoreditch: thus this ward extends from the bars near Spital
  square, on both sides of the way, (including near half of Houndsditch)
  as far as the pump at the corner of St. Martin’s Outwich; and winds by
  the west corner of Leadenhall, down Gracechurch street, to the south
  west corner of Fenchurch street. The principal places in this ward
  are, the parish churches of St. Botolph without Bishopsgate, St.
  Ethelburga’s, and Great St. Helen’s; Leatherfellers hall, Gresham
  college, and the London Workhouse.

  This ward is under the government of an Alderman and two Deputies, one
  within, and the other without the gate, six Common Council men,
  thirteen wardmote inquest men, seven constables, seven scavengers, and
  a beadle. The jurymen returned by the inquest men are to serve in the
  several courts of Guildhall in the month of December

BISSEL’S _court_, Wapping.†

BIST’S _gardens_, in the Mint, Southwark.†

BITT _alley_, Turnmill street.

BLACK _alley_, Turnmill street.

BLACK AND WHITE _alley_. 1. Old Bailey. 2. Tower hill.

BLACK AND WHITE _court_, Old Bailey.

BLACK BELL _alley_. Petticoat lane.*

BLACK BIRD _alley_. 1. St. John’s street, Spitalfields.* 2. Spicer
  street.*

BLACK BOY _alley_. 1. Chick lane.* 2. Barnaby street.* 3. Blackman
  street, Southwark.* 4. Fore street, Lambeth.* 5. In the Minories.* 6.
  Near Peter’s Hill, Thames street.* 7. Rosemary lane.* 8. Saltpetre
  Bank.*

BLACK BOY _court_, Long Acre.*

BLACK BOY _yard_. 1. In the Minories.* 2. Saltpetre Bank.*

BLACK BULL _alley_, Petticoat lane, Whitechapel.*

BLACK BULL _yard_, Whitechapel.*

BLACKBURN’S _alley_, Rotherhith wall.†

BLACKBURN’S _court_, Portpool lane.†

BLACKBURN’S _mews_, Grosvenor street.†

BLACK DOG _alley_. 1. Bowling alley, Dean’s yard, Westminster.* 2. East
  Smithfield.*

BLACK DOG _yard_. 1. Near Vauxhall.* 2. Shoreditch.*

BLACK EAGLE _court_, Whitechapel.*

BLACK EAGLE _street_, Brick lane, Spitalfields.*

BLACK EAGLE _yard_, Black Eagle street.*

BLACK FIELDS, Horselydown.

BLACK FRIARS, near Fleet ditch, was a monastery of that order, otherwise
  called Preaching Friars. This monastery was erected by Robert Kilwarby
  Archbishop of Canterbury, about the year 1276, who also built the
  church of Black Friars, to which King Edward I. and Queen Eleanor were
  great benefactors, and even the reputed founders. This church was
  large and richly furnished with ornaments. In the monastery several
  parliaments were held, and the Emperor Charles V. who was also King of
  Spain, lodged there in the year 1522. There the ancient Kings had
  their records and charters kept, as well as at the Tower: and, tho’
  this monastery was dissolved with the rest by King Henry VIII. yet in
  the reign of Queen Elizabeth, Black Friars was inhabited by many
  noblemen and gentlemen; parliaments still continued to be often held
  there, and being a place of refuge, malefactors frequently took
  shelter in its liberties, and the inhabitants were free from arrests:
  but these pernicious privileges have been many years lost; and as it
  has been lately made part of the ward of Faringdon within, the
  shopkeepers and tradesmen are obliged to be free of the city; two
  Common Council men are annually elected out of it, and added to the
  number that used to serve this ward.

BLACK FRIARS _bridge_. The Lord Mayor, Aldermen, and Common Council of
  this city, have been empowered by a late act, to build a bridge cross
  the Thames from Black Friars to the opposite side in the county of
  Surrey; to fill up the channel of Bridewell dock, or Fleet ditch, and
  to purchase and pull down such buildings as shall be thought proper
  for forming and widening streets and avenues. This bridge is to have a
  free and open passage thro’ the arches of 750 feet at least within the
  banks of the river. A sufficient number of glass lamps are to be fixed
  on proper parts of it, to burn from sun setting to sun rising; and a
  number of watchmen placed for the security of passengers.

  For the erecting and support of this work, when finished, they are to
  receive as toll, any sum they shall direct, not exceeding the
  following rates:

  For every coach, chariot, berlin, chaise, chair or calash, drawn by
  six horses, 2_s._

Drawn by four horses, 1_s._ 6_d._

Drawn by less than four, 1_s._

For every waggon, wain, cart or car, drawn by four or more horses, or
  other beasts, 1_s._

For either of the same carriages drawn by less than four horses, &c.
  6_d._

For every horse, mule or ass, laden or unladen, and not drawing, 1_d._

For every foot passenger on Sunday, 1_d._

And every other day ½d.

Upon the credit of these tolls, the Lord Mayor and Common Council are
impowered to raise any sums of money not exceeding 30,000_l._ in one
year, till they have raised 160,000_l._ in the whole, which they are not
to exceed.

BLACK FRIARS _school_, was founded by Peter Joy, Esq; in the year 1716,
  who also endowed it with 160_l._ 17_s._ 3_d._ _per annum_, for
  cloathing and instructing forty boys and thirty girls, in reading,
  writing and accounts. This school he left in trust with the Governors
  of Sion College, who allow the master 40_l._ and the mistress 30_l._ a
  year.

BLACK FRIARS _stairs_, near Fleet ditch.

BLACKHEATH, a large plain on the south of Greenwich, on which Watt
  Tyler, the Kentish rebel, mustered 100,000 men. In this place, which
  is admired for the fineness of its situation, and its excellent air,
  is a noble house built by Sir Gregory Page, Bart. a view of which we
  have here given.

  This is a very magnificent edifice, built in the modern taste,
  consisting of a basement state and attick story. The wings contain the
  offices and stables, which are joined to the body of the house by a
  colonade. It stands in the midst of a park with a large piece of water
  before it. The back front has an Ionic portico of four columns, but
  having no pediment does not make so agreeable a figure as could be
  wished.

  This is one of the finest seats in England belonging to a private
  gentleman; it is adorned with many capital pictures, a list whereof is
  here given; and the gardens, park, and country around, render it a
  most delightful seat: yet this fine edifice was begun, raised, and
  covered, in the space of eleven months. At a small distance is the
  College erected by Sir John Morden, Bart. for a particular account of
  which see MORDEN COLLEGE.

  [Illustration: _S. Wale delin._ _B. Green sc. Oxon._ _S^r. Gregory
  Pages Seat._]

     A Catalogue of the Pictures of Sir GREGORY PAGE, Baronet, at his
                          House at _Blackheath_.

                        │   Height.│  Breadth.│Painted by
                        │ Feet Inc.│ Feet Inc.│

    Sampson and Dalilah │      5  6│      8  3│_Vandyke._

    St. Cyprian a ¾     │      4  3│     3  1½│_Ditto._
      length            │          │          │

    The three royal     │      2  0│      3  8│_Ditto._
      children  ½       │          │          │
      lengths           │          │          │

    Juno and Ixion      │      6  0│      8  0│_Rubens._

    Rubens and his      │      6  8│      6  3│_Ditto._
      mistress          │          │          │

    Rubens, two figures,│      5  3│      8  0│_Ditto and Snyders._
      fowls and fruit   │          │          │

    Figures by Rubens, a│      2  3│      3  1│_Ditto and Brughel._
      landskip          │          │          │

    David and Abigail   │      6  2│     6  9½│_Ditto._

    A maid milking a    │      4 10│      6  7│_Jordans of Antwp._
      goat              │          │          │

    The good Samaritan  │      7  0│      7  8│_Systi Baldelochi._

    The return of the   │      7  0│      9  0│_Chev. Calabreze._
      prodigal son      │          │          │

    Moses striking the  │      7  0│      9  0│_Valerio Castello._
      rock              │          │          │

    The woman taken in  │      3  8│      5  2│_Paul Veronese._
      adultery          │          │          │

    Moses and Pharaoh’s │      4  4│      6  0│_Paul Veronese._
      daughter          │          │          │

    A counsellor, his   │    3  10½│     4  9½│_Titian._
      wife and daughter │          │          │

    Peter’s denial of   │      4  2│     4  10│_M. A. daCaravagio._
      our Saviour       │          │          │

    A holy family       │      2  2│      1  0│_Parmegiano._

    Moses striking the  │      3  1│    4  10½│_Giacomo Bassan._
      rock              │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      2  4│    3  10½│_Ditto._
      cattle            │          │          │

    The angels appearing│      4  2│      5  5│_Bassan._
      to the shepherds  │          │          │

    History of Cupid and│     1  10│     2  2½│_Luca Giordano._
      Psyche, twelve    │          │          │
      pieces            │          │          │

    Venus, Cupid and    │     1  1½│     1  4½│_Philippo Lauro._
      Satyrs            │          │          │

    Venus, Cupid and    │     1  1½│     1  4½│_Ditto._
      Satyrs            │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      2  0│      1  6│_Salvator Rosa._
      figures           │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      2  0│      1  6│_Francisco Mola._
      figures           │          │          │

    Judith and          │     4  4½│     3  11│_Manfredo._
      Holofernes        │          │          │

                        │    3  10½│     3  2½│_Lewis Carrachi._

    A sacrifice         │      3  2│      4  3│_Nich. Poussin._

    A Venus, Cupid and  │      2  2│      1  8│_Ditto._
      Satyrs            │          │          │

    Daphne changed into │     2  2½│      1 10│_Nich. Poussin._
      a laurel          │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      3  0│      4  3│_Gaspar Poussin._
      figures           │          │          │

    Architecture and    │      3  9│      5  3│_Viviano._
      figures           │          │          │

    Architecture and    │      3  2│     4  4½│_Ditto._
      figures           │          │          │

    Joseph and his      │      3  0│      4  2│_Paraccini._
      brethren          │          │          │

    Jacob embracing     │      3  0│      4  2│_Ditto._
      Benjamin          │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      2  0│      2  9│_Claude Lorrain._
      figures           │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      2  6│     3 11½│_Francisco Mille._
      figures           │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      1  5│      1 10│_Ditto._
      figures           │          │          │

    Three figures ½     │      3 10│      3  1│_after Car.
      lengths           │          │          │Maratti._

    A quarter length    │      2  9│      2  0│_Albert Durer._

    A battle piece      │      2  3│      3  2│_Bourgognone._

    A battle piece      │      2  3│      3  2│_Ditto._

    An holy family      │      3  0│      3  9│_Solomini._

    Paris and Helena    │      2  0│     3  2½│_L’Araise._

    The judgment of     │      3  9│     4  1½│_Pompeio._
      Solomon, gallery  │          │          │
      chimney piece     │          │          │

    Hector and          │      3  4│      3  6│_Imperialis._
      Andromache,       │          │          │
      drawing  room     │          │          │
      chimney piece     │          │          │

    Coriolanus, saloon  │      3  9│      3  9│_Imperialis and
      chimney piece     │          │          │Masucci._

    Architecture and    │      4  8│     4  0½│_Paulo Panini._
      figures, dressing │          │          │
      room chimney piece│          │          │

    Architecture with   │      2  5│     2  4½│_Ditto._
      figures,          │          │          │
      bedchamber chimney│          │          │
      piece             │          │          │

    Ditto, yellow       │     3  4½│      3  3│_Ditto._
      bedchamber chimney│          │          │
       piece            │          │          │

    Ditto, library      │     4  7½│     4  0½│_after Panini._
      chimney piece     │          │          │

    Ditto, yellow       │     2  10│     3  7½│_Harding aft.
      dressing room,    │          │          │Panini._
      ditto             │          │          │

    Ditto, red dressing │      3  6│     3  4½│_Ditto._
      over the chimney  │          │          │
      piece, ditto      │          │          │

    Ditto, store room   │     2  9½│     2  8½│_Ditto._
      chimney piece,    │          │          │
      ditto             │          │          │

    Ditto, over the     │      1  9│      3  3│_after P. Panini._
      doors of the red  │          │          │
      drawing room      │          │          │

    Ditto, over the     │      1  9│      3  3│_Harding aft.
      doors of the red  │          │          │Panini_
      drawing room      │          │          │

    Ditto, with figures │      2  4│      3  8│_Ditto._
      over the door in  │          │          │
      the saloon        │          │          │

    Ditto, ditto        │      2  4│      3  8│_Ditto._

    A landskip with     │     3  8½│     3  8½│_Lambert._
      figures, dining   │          │          │
      room chimney piece│          │          │

    A landskip with     │     2 10½│     3  2½│_Ditto._
      figures, green    │          │          │
      dressing room     │          │          │
      chimney piece     │          │          │

    A landskip with     │     2  4½│     2  4½│_By_
      figures, green    │          │          │
      bedchamber chimney│          │          │
      piece             │          │          │

    Fruit and flowers,  │      2  5│      2  5│_By_
      breakfast chimney │          │          │
      piece             │          │          │

    Pharaoh’s daughter  │     2  3½│     1 10½│_Chev. Vanderwerff._
      and Moses         │          │          │

    Message by the      │      2  2│     1  7½│_Ditto._
      angels to the     │          │          │
      shepherds         │          │          │

    King Zeleucus giving│      2  4│      1  8│_Ditto._
      his kingdom to his│          │          │
      son               │          │          │

    Shepherds and       │     1  10│     1  5½│_Chev. Vanderwerff._
      shepherdesses     │          │          │
      dancing           │          │          │

    Hercules between    │     1  11│      1  5│_Ditto._
      Virtue and Vice   │          │          │

    Roman Charity       │    1  11½│      1  5│_Ditto._

    Joseph and          │     1  11│     1  5½│_Ditto._
      Potipher’s wife   │          │          │

    Mary Magdalen       │     1  11│      1  6│_Ditto._
      reading in a      │          │          │
      grotto            │          │          │

    Bathsheba bathing   │     1  10│     1  3½│_Ditto._

    Our Saviour and Mary│      2  4│     1  8½│_Ditto._
      Magdalen          │          │          │

    Venus and Cupid     │     1  5½│      1  0│_Ditto._

    Chevalier           │   2  1  0│     2  2½│_Ditto._
      Vanderwerff, his  │          │          │
      wife and daughter │          │          │

    Adam and Eve        │      1  6│      1  0│_Peter Vanderwerff._

       and Stratonica   │      1  6│      1  0│_Ditto._

    A landskip with many│      2  8│      3  8│_Sir D. Teniers._
      figures, a fair at│          │          │
      Ghen              │          │          │

    Ditto with figures  │      2  8│     3  9½│_Ditto._

    Fruit and flowers   │      2  7│      2  0│_Van Huysan._

    Ditto               │      2  7│      2  0│_Ditto._

    Fruit and flowers   │      2  0│      1  9│_Van Huysan._

    Ditto               │      2  0│      1  9│_Ditto._

    Ditto               │      1  3│      1  0│_Ditto._

    A view of Venice,   │      2  4│      3  8│_Harding af.
      over the saloon   │          │          │Canaleti._
      door              │          │          │

    Ditto, ditto        │      2  4│      3  8│_Ditto._

    Architecture, over  │      2  6│      4  0│_Ditto after
      the door in the   │          │          │Panini._
      gallery           │          │          │

    Ditto, ditto        │      2  6│      4  0│_Ditto._

    The golden age      │      2  1│      2  8│_Limburg._

    The great church at │      2  7│      2  3│_De Witt._
      Harlem            │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      0  7│      0 10│_Velvet Brughel._
      figures           │          │          │

    Ditto               │     0  4½│      0  6│_Ditto._

    A poulterer’s shop  │      1  5│      1  3│_Old Meiris._

    A fishmonger’s shop │      1  5│      1  3│_Ditto._

    A water piece       │      0 10│      1  1│_Zagtleven._

    An hunting piece    │      2  2│      2  8│_Berchem._

    An Italian playing  │      1  2│      1  0│_Brower._
      on the guitar     │          │          │

    A landskip with     │     1 10½│     2  2½│_Wouvermans._
      figures and cattle│          │          │

    A landskip with     │      1  6│     1  10│_Wouvermans._
      figures and cattle│          │          │

    The holy family     │      2  3│      1  7│_Scalchen._

    Ditto               │      2  3│      1  7│_Ditto._

    A woman with a torch│     1  0½│    0  10½│_Ditto._

    A schoolmaster      │      1  2│     0  11│_Gerard Dowe._

    The offering of the │      1  4│      1  0│_Polenburgh._
      kings             │          │          │

    Two small figures,  │     1  3½│     1  6½│_Young Meiris._
      Venus and Adonis  │          │          │

    A landskip with     │     1  7½│      2  7│_Edema._
      cattle            │          │          │

    A landskip with     │      2  0│     2  5½│_Craddock._
      fowls and a dog   │          │          │

                      In the Gallery    52 pictures

                        Drawing room          13

                        Saloon                 8

                        Dressing room         32

                        Bedchamber             1

                        Library                1

                        Dining room            2

                        Attick story           9

                                              ——

                                         118  In
                                             all

  BLACK HORSE _alley_. 1. Barbican.* 2. Near Snow hill.*

BLACK HORSE _court_. 1. Aldersgate street.* 2. In the Minories. 3. Old
  Change.* 4. White street, Southwark.* 5. Windmill street.*

BLACK HORSE _yard_. 1. Green street, Leicester fields.* 2. In the
  Curtain, Hog lane, Shoreditch.* 3. Gravel lane, Houndsditch.* 4.
  Gray’s Inn lane.* 5. Harrow alley, Petticoat lane.* 6. Nightingale
  lane.* 7. Pickax street.* 8. Poor Jewry lane, within Aldgate.* 9.
  Tottenham Court road.* 10. Townditch, Little Britain.* 11. Tower
  hill.* 12. Whitechapel.* 13. Great Windmill street.*

BLACK JACK _alley_. 1. East Smithfield.* 2. Great Windmill street.* 3.
  Old street.*

BLACK LION _alley_, Wentworth street.*

BLACK LION _court_. 1. Bank side.* 2. Foster lane.* 3. Old Change.*

BLACK LION _stairs_, near York Buildings.*

BLACK LION _yard_. 1. Bedfordbury.* 2. Stony lane, Petticoat lane.* 3.
  Whitechapel.*

BLACKMAN’S _court_. 1. Great Peter street.* 2. Price’s alley.*

BLACKMAN’S _street_, St. George’s church, Southwark.*

BLACK MARY’S _hole_, a few stragling houses near the Cold Bath fields,
  in the road to Hampstead. It took its name from a Blackmoor woman
  called Mary, who about thirty years ago lived by the side of the road
  near the stile in a small circular hut built with stones.

BLACKMOOR’S HEAD _yard_, near St. James’s square.*

BLACKMOOR _street_, Clare-market.*

BLACKMOOR’S _alley_. 1. Farthing fields.* 2. Green bank, Wapping.* 3.
  St. Martin’s lane, Charing cross.*

BLACK RAVEN _alley_. 1. Coleman street.* 2. Leadenhall street.* 3. Near
  Fishmongers hall in Thames street.*

BLACK RAVEN _court_. 1. Chiswell street.* 2. Golden lane.* 3. Grub
  street. 4. Leadenhall street.* 5. St. Olave’s street.* 6. Seething
  lane.*

BLACK RAVEN _passage_, Fetter lane.*

BLACK ROD, an officer of the King’s palace, so called from his carrying
  a black staff, is the chief of the four Gentlemen Ushers of the
  presence chamber, and attends the House of Lords every day during the
  sitting of Parliament, where his seat is within the bar. When the King
  sends to order the House of Commons to attend him in that house, he
  always sends the Black Rod. This gentleman is also employed in fitting
  up the House of Lords before the meeting of the Parliament; he
  introduces the Lords into that house, and to his custody delinquents
  are committed by the Lords. This gentleman is likewise Usher to the
  order of the Garter.

BLACK’S _alley_, East Smithfield.

BLACK’S _fields_, Shad Thames.

BLACKSMITHS, an ancient guild, or fraternity, which was continued by
  prescription, till the Blacksmiths were incorporated by letters patent
  granted by Queen Elizabeth, and confirmed by King James I.

  This company is governed by a Master, three Wardens, and twenty-one
  Assistants, and has a livery of 220 members, whose fine is 8_l._ They
  have a pleasant hall on Lambeth hill, for the dispatch of their
  affairs.

BLACKSMITHS _yard_, Upper Ground, Southwark.

BLACK SPREAD EAGLE _alley_. 1. Blackman street.* 2. Kent street.* 3.
  Turnmill street.*

BLACK SPREAD EAGLE _court_. 1. Blackman street.* 2. Finch lane,
  Cornhill.*