end to all things which have had a beginning, may be said to devour its
own offspring.

[4] From this origin of the instrument, the word “shell” is often used
as synonymous with “lyre,” and figuratively for music and poetry. Thus
Gray, in his ode on the “Progress of Poesy,” says:

    “O Sovereign of the willing Soul,
    Parent of sweet and solemn-breathing airs,
    Enchanting shell! the sullen Cares
    And frantic Passions hear thy soft control.”

[5] There was also a goddess called Fauna, or Bona Dea.

[6] The goddess of innocence and purity. After leaving earth, she was
placed among the stars, where she became the constellation Virgo—the
Virgin. Themis (Justice) was the mother of Astræa. She is represented as
holding aloft a pair of scales, in which she weighs the claims of
opposing parties.

It was a favorite idea of the old poets that these goddesses would one
day return, and bring back the Golden Age. Even in a Christian hymn, the
“Messiah” of Pope, this idea occurs:

    “All crimes shall cease, and ancient fraud shall fail,
    Returning Justice lift aloft her scale,
    Peace o’er the world her olive wand extend,
    And white-robed Innocence from heaven descend.”

See, also, Milton’s “Hymn on the Nativity,” stanzas xiv. and xv.

[7] See Proverbial Expressions.

[8] See Proverbial Expressions.

[9] See Proverbial Expressions.

[10] See Proverbial Expressions.

[11] See page 241.

[12] It is evidently not our modern hyacinth that is here described. It
is perhaps some species of iris, or perhaps of larkspur or of pansy.

[13] The sunflower.

[14] This correct description of the rainbow is literally translated
from Ovid.

[15] Sir James Mackintosh says of this, “Do you think that even a
Chinese could paint the gay colors of a butterfly with more minute
exactness than the following lines: ‘The velvet nap,’ etc.?”—_Life_,
Vol. II., 246.

[16] See Proverbial Expressions.

[17] Hecate was a mysterious divinity sometimes identified with Diana
and sometimes with Proserpine. As Diana represents the moonlight
splendor of night, so Hecate represents its darkness and terrors. She
was the goddess of sorcery and witchcraft, and was believed to wander by
night along the earth, seen only by the dogs, whose barking told her
approach.

[18] Alcides, a name of Hercules.

[19] One of the finest pieces of sculpture in Italy, the recumbent
Ariadne of the Vatican, represents this incident. A copy is owned by the
Athenæum, Boston, and deposited in the Museum of Fine Arts.

[20] Proteus.

[21] The story of the invulnerability of Achilles is not found in Homer,
and is inconsistent with his account. For how could Achilles require the
aid of celestial armor if he were invulnerable?

[22] Tennyson has chosen Œnone as the subject of a short poem; but he
has omitted the most poetical part of the story, the return of Paris
wounded, her cruelty and subsequent repentance.

[23] See Proverbial Expressions.

[24] Pyrrhus’s exclamation, “Not such aid nor such defenders does the
time require,” has become proverbial. See Proverbial Expressions.

[25] Tennyson in the “Lotus-eaters” has charmingly expressed the dreamy,
languid feeling which the lotus food is said to have produced.

    “How sweet it were, hearing the downward stream
    With half-shut eyes ever to seem
    Falling asleep in a half dream!
    To dream and dream, like yonder amber light
    Which will not leave the myrrh-bush on the height;
    To hear each others’ whispered speech;
    Eating the Lotos, day by day,
    To watch the crisping ripples on the beach,
    And tender curving lines of creamy spray:
    To lend our hearts and spirits wholly
    To the influence of mild-minded melancholy;
    To muse and brood and live again in memory,
    With those old faces of our infancy
    Heaped over with a mound of grass,
    Two handfuls of white dust, shut in an urn of brass.”

[26] See Proverbial Expressions.

[27] See Proverbial Expressions.

[28] See Proverbial Expressions.

[29] See Proverbial Expressions.

[30] See Proverbial Expressions.

[31] See Proverbial Expressions.

[32] See Proverbial Expressions.

[33] The poet here inserts a famous line which is thought to imitate in
its sound the galloping of horses. It may be thus translated: “Then
struck the hoofs of the steeds on the ground with a four-footed
trampling.”—See Proverbial Expressions.

[34] See Proverbial Expressions.

[35] There being no rain in Egypt, the grass is “unshowered,” and the
country depends for its fertility upon the overflowings of the Nile. The
ark alluded to in the last line is shown by pictures still remaining on
the walls of the Egyptian temples to have been borne by the priests in
their religious processions. It probably represented the chest in which
Osiris was placed.

[36] Cowper’s version is less elegant, but truer to the original:

    “He ceased, and under his dark brows the nod
    Vouchsafed of confirmation. All around
    The sovereign’s everlasting head his curls
    Ambrosial shook, and the huge mountain reeled.”

It may interest our readers to see how this passage appears in another
famous version, that which was issued under the name of Tickell,
contemporaneously with Pope’s, and which, being by many attributed to
Addison, led to the quarrel which ensued between Addison and Pope:

    “This said, his kingly brow the sire inclined;
    The large black curls fell awful from behind,
    Thick shadowing the stern forehead of the god;
    Olympus trembled at the almighty nod.”

[37] Gray’s ode, “The Fatal Sisters,” is founded on this superstition.

[38] In Longfellow’s Poems will be found a poem entitled “Tegner’s
Drapa,” upon the subject of Baldur’s death.

[39]

    “For noble Britons sprong from Trojans bold,
    And Troynovant was built of old Troy’s ashes cold.”
              SPENSER, Book III., Canto IX., 38.

[40] _Buried under beare._ Buried under something which enclosed him
like a coffin or bier.

[41] Glastonbury Abbey, said to be founded by Joseph of Arimathea, in a
spot anciently called the island or valley of Avalonia.

Tennyson, in his “Palace of Art,” alludes to the legend of Arthur’s
rescue by the Faery queen, thus:

    “Or mythic Uther’s deeply wounded son,
      In some fair space of sloping greens,
    Lay dozing in the vale of Avalon,
      And watched by weeping queens.”

[42] Guenever, the name of Arthur’s queen, also written Genievre and
Geneura, is familiar to all who are conversant with chivalric lore. It
is to her adventures, and those of her true knight, Sir Launcelot, that
Dante alludes in the beautiful episode of Francesca da Rimini.

[43] This name, in the French romances, is spelled Queux, which means
_head cook_. This would seem to imply that it was a title, and not a
name; yet the personage who bore it is never mentioned by any other. He
is the chief, if not the only, comic character among the heroes of
Arthur’s court. He is the Seneschal or Steward, his duties also
embracing those of chief of the cooks. In the romances, his general
character is a compound of valor and buffoonery, always ready to fight,
and generally getting the worst of the battle. He is also sarcastic and
abusive in his remarks, by which he often gets into trouble. Yet Arthur
seems to have an attachment to him, and often takes his advice, which is
generally wrong.

[44] Several cities are allotted to King Arthur by the romance-writers.
The principal are Caerleon, Camelot, and Carlisle.

Caerleon derives its name from its having been the station of one of the
legions, during the dominion of the Romans. It is called by Latin
writers Urbs Legionum, the City of Legions. The former word being
rendered into Welsh by _Caer_, meaning city, and the latter contracted
into _lleon_. The river Usk retains its name in modern geography, and
there is a town or city of Caerleon upon it, though the city of Cardiff
is thought to be the scene of Arthur’s court. Chester also bears in
Welsh the name of Caerleon; for Chester, derived from _castra_, Latin
for _camp_, is the designation of military headquarters.

Camelot is thought to be Winchester.

Shalott is Guilford.

Hamo’s Port is Southampton.

Carlisle is the city still retaining that name, near the Scottish
border. But this name is also sometimes applied to other places, which
were, like itself, military stations.

[45] _Samite_, a sort of silk stuff.

[46] _N’as_ is _not was_, contracted; in modern phrase, _there was not
Mochel sorwe_ is _much sorrow_; _morwe_ is _morrow_.

[47] New-fangled—fond of novelty.

[48] _Lunys_, the string with which the falcon is held.

[49] A musical instrument.

[50] “Good faith was the very corner-stone of chivalry. Whenever a
knight’s word was pledged (it mattered not how rashly) it was to be
redeemed at any price. Hence the sacred obligation of the _boon granted_
by a knight to his suppliant. Instances without number occur in romance,
in which a knight, by rashly granting an indefinite boon, was obliged to
do or suffer something extremely to his prejudice. But it is not in
romance alone that we find such singular instances of adherence to an
indefinite promise. The history of the times presents authentic
transactions equally embarrassing and absurd.”—SCOTT, _note to Sir
Tristram_.

[51] _Feres_, companions; _thewes_, labors; _leers_, learning.

[52] _Aglets_, points or tags.

[53] _Pinckt upon gold, etc._, adorned with golden points, or eyelets,
and regularly intersected with stripes. _Paled_ (in heraldry), striped.

[54] A fool was a common appendage of the courts of those days when this
romance was written. A fool was the ornament held in next estimation to
a dwarf. He wore a white dress with a yellow bonnet, and carried a bell
or _bawble_ in his hand. Though called a fool, his words were often
weighed and remembered as if there were a sort of oracular meaning in
them.

[55] The word means both _fisher_ and _sinner_.

[56] The use of green rushes in apartments was by no means peculiar to
the court of Caerleon upon Usk. Our ancestors had a great predilection
for them, and they seem to have constituted an essential article, not
only of comfort, but of luxury. The custom of strewing the floor with
rushes is well known to have existed in England during the Middle Ages,
and also in France.

[57] _Cordwal_ is the word in the original, and from the manner in which
it is used it is evidently intended for the French Cordouan or Cordovan
leather, which derived its name from Cordova, where it was manufactured.
From this comes also our English word _cordwainer_.

[58] Amongst all the characters of early British history none is more
interesting, or occupies a more conspicuous place, than the hero of this
tale. Urien, his father, was prince of Rheged, a district comprising the
present Cumberland and part of the adjacent country. His valor, and the
consideration in which he was held, are a frequent theme of Bardic song,
and form the subject of several very spirited odes by Taliesin. Among
the Triads there is one relating to him; it is thus translated:

“Three Knights of Battle were in the court of Arthur: Cadwr, the Earl of
Cornwall, Launcelot du Lac, and Owain, the son of Urien. And this was
their characteristic—that they would not retreat from battle, neither
for spear, nor for arrow, nor for sword. And Arthur never had shame in
battle the day he saw their faces there. And they were called the
Knights of Battle.”

[59] Before the sixth century all the silk used by Europeans had been
brought to them by the Seres, the ancestors of the present Boukharians,
whence it derived its Latin name of Serica. In 551 the silkworm was
brought by two monks to Constantinople; but the manufacture of silk was
confined to the Greek empire till the year 1130, when Roger, king of
Sicily, returning from a crusade, collected some manufacturers from
Athens and Corinth, and established them at Palermo, whence the trade
was gradually disseminated over Italy. The varieties of silk stuffs
known at this time were velvet, satin (which was called _samite_), and
taffety (called _cendal_ or _sendall_), all of which were occasionally
stitched with gold and silver.

[60] There exists an ancient poem, printed among those of Taliesin,
called the “Elegy of Owain ap Urien,” and containing several very
beautiful and spirited passages. It commences:

    “The soul of Owain ap Urien,
    May its Lord consider its exigencies!
    Reged’s chief the green turf covers.”

In the course of this Elegy the bard, alluding to the incessant warfare
with which this chieftain harassed his Saxon foes, exclaims:

          “Could England sleep with the light upon her eyes!”

[61] The custom of riding into a hall while the lord and his guests sat
at meat might be illustrated by numerous passages of ancient romance and
history. But a quotation from Chaucer’s beautiful and half-told tale of
“Cambuscan” is sufficient:

    “And so befell that after the thridde cours,
    While that this king sat thus in his nobley,
    Herking his minstralles thir thinges play,
    Beforne him at his bord deliciously,
    In at the halle door all sodenly
    Ther came a knight upon a stede of bras,
    And in his hond a brod mirrour of glas;
    Upon his thombe he had of gold a ring,
    And by his side a naked sword hanging;
    And up he rideth to the highe bord.
    In all the halle ne was ther spoke a word,
    For mervaille of this knight; him to behold
    Full besily they waiten, young and old.”

[62] The terms of admiration in which the older writers invariably speak
of _glass windows_ would be sufficient proof, if other evidence were
wanting, how rare an article of luxury they were in the houses of our
ancestors. They were first introduced in ecclesiastical architecture, to
which they were for a long time confined. Glass is said not to have been
employed in domestic architecture before the fourteenth century.

[63] Throughout the broad and varied region of romance it would be
difficult to find a character of greater simplicity and truth than that
of Enid, the daughter of Earl Ynywl. Conspicuous for her beauty and
noble bearing, we are at a loss whether more to admire the patience with
which she bore all the hardships she was destined to undergo or the
constancy and affection which finally achieved the triumph she so richly
deserved.

The character of Enid is admirably sustained through the whole tale; and
as it is more natural, because less overstrained, so perhaps it is even
more touching than that of Griselda, over which, however, Chaucer has
thrown a charm that leads us to forget the improbability of her story.

[64] The Island of the Mighty is one of the many names bestowed upon
Britain by the Welsh.

[65] Caractacus.

[66] Cassivellaunus.

[67] There is a Triad upon the story of the head buried under the White
Tower of London, as a charm against invasion. Arthur, it seems, proudly
disinterred the head, preferring to hold the island by his own strength
alone.

[68] Creiddylad is no other than Shakspeare’s Cordelia, whose father,
King Lear, is by the Welsh authorities called indiscriminately Llyr or
Lludd. All the old chronicles give the story of her devotion to her aged
parent, but none of them seem to have been aware that she is destined to
remain with him till the day of doom, whilst Gwyn ap Nudd, the king of
the fairies, and Gwythyr ap Greidiol, fight for her every first of May,
and whichever of them may be fortunate enough to be the conqueror at
that time will obtain her as a bride.

[69] The Welsh have a fable on the subject of the half-man, taken to be
illustrative of the force of habit. In this allegory Arthur is supposed
to be met by a sprite, who appears at first in a small and indistinct
form, but who, on approaching nearer, increases in size, and, assuming
the semblance of half a man, endeavors to provoke the king to wrestle.
Despising his weakness, and considering that he should gain no credit by
the encounter, Arthur refuses to do so, and delays the contest until at
length the half-man (Habit) becomes so strong that it requires his
utmost efforts to overcome him.

[70] The romancers dwell with great complacency on the fair hair and
delicate complexion of their heroines. This taste continued for a long
time, and to render the hair light was an object of education. Even when
wigs came into fashion they were all flaxen. Such was the color of the
hair of the Gauls and of their German conquerors. It required some
centuries to reconcile their eyes to the swarthy beauties of their
Spanish and Italian neighbors.

[71] _Ivanhoe_, Vol. 1, chap. XIII.

[72] It is plain that Shakspeare borrowed from this source the similar
incident in his “As you Like it.” The names of characters in the play,
Orlando, Oliver, Rowland indicate the same thing.

[73] See their story in “King Arthur and His Knights.”

[74] This is a poetical description of a phenomenon which is said to be
really exhibited in the strait of Messina, between Sicily and Calabria.
It is called Fata Morgana, or Mirage.

[75] This prophecy is introduced by Ariosto in this place to compliment
the noble house of Este, the princes of his native state, the dukedom of
Ferrara.

                         PROVERBIAL EXPRESSIONS

                            No. 1. Page 39.

    Materiem superabat opus.—_Ovid._
    The workmanship surpassed the material.

                            No. 2. Page 39.

                    Facies non omnibus una,
    Nec diversa tamen, qualem decet esse sororum.
                                   —_Ovid._

Their faces were not all alike, nor yet unlike, but such as those of
sisters ought to be.

                            No. 3. Page 42.

    Medio tutissimus ibis.—_Ovid._
    You will go most safely in the middle.

                            No. 4. Page 45.

    Hic situs est Phaëton, currus auriga paterni,
    Quem si non tenuit, magnis tamen excidit ausis.
                                         —_Ovid._

Here lies Phaëton, the driver of his father’s chariot, which if he
failed to manage, yet he fell in a great undertaking.

                            No. 5. Page 123.

    Imponere Pelio Ossam.—_Virgil._
    To pile Ossa upon Pelion.

                            No. 6. Page 230.

    Timeo Danaos et dona ferentes.—_Virgil._
    I fear the Greeks even when they offer gifts.

                            No. 7. Page 232.

    Non tali auxilio nec defensoribus istis
    Tempus eget.—_Virgil._
    Not such aid nor such defenders does the time require.

                            No. 8. Page 245.

    Incidit in Scyllam, cupiens vitare Charybdim.
    He runs on Scylla, wishing to avoid Charybdis.

                            No. 9. Page 260.

    Monstrum horrendum, informe, ingens, cui lumen ademptum.—_Virgil._

A horrible monster, misshapen, vast, whose only eye has been put out.

                           No. 10. Page 261.

    Tantæne animis cœlestibus iræ?—_Virgil._
    In heavenly minds can such resentments dwell?

                           No. 11. Page 263.

    Haud ignara mali, miseris succurrere disco.—_Virgil._

Not unacquainted with distress, I have learned to succor the
unfortunate.

                           No. 12. Page 263.

    Tros, Tyriusve mihi nullo discrimine agetur.—_Virgil._
    Whether Trojan or Tyrian shall make no difference to me.

                           No. 13. Page 265.

    Tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito.—_Virgil._
    Yield thou not to adversity, but press on the more bravely.

                           No. 14. Page 265.

                      Facilis descensus Averni;
    Noctes atque dies patet atri janua Ditis;
    Sed revocare gradum, superasque evadere ad auras,
    Hoc opus, hic labor est.—_Virgil._

The descent of Avernus is easy; the gate of Pluto stands open night and
day; but to retrace one’s steps and return to the upper air—that is the
toil, that the difficulty.

                           No. 15. Page 265.

    Uno avulso non deficit alter.—_Virgil._
    When one is torn away another succeeds.

                           No. 16. Page 282.

    Quadrupendante putrum sonitu quatit ungula campum.—_Virgil._

Then struck the hoofs of the steeds on the ground with a four-footed
trampling.

                           No. 17. Page 285.

    Sternitur infelix alieno vulnere, cœlumque
    Adspicit et moriens dulces reminiscitur Argos.—_Virgil._

He falls, unhappy, by a wound intended for another; looks up to the
skies, and dying remembers sweet Argos.

                     LIST OF ILLUSTRATIVE PASSAGES

                         QUOTED FROM THE POETS

Addison (attributed to), 304
Armstrong, 22, 117, 175
Arnold, Matthew, 391

Boiardo, 456, 458, 459
Browning, Mrs. E. B., 168
Bulfinch, Rev. S. G., 45, 63, 149
Byron, 7, 18, 19, 20, 38, 75, 94, 106, 114, 143, 175, 198, 203, 207, 231,
  235, 236, 246, 292, 300, 305, 307, 319

Campbell, 137, 364
Chaucer, 414, 416, 417, 550
Coleridge, 58
Cowper, 4, 104, 192, 221, 300, 304, 308

Darwin, 158, 209
Drayton, 400
Dryden, 48, 211, 290, 308, 312
Dyer, 133, 233

Fletcher, 205
Francklin, 184

Garrick, 111
Goldsmith, 104
Gray, 8, 344, 350, 530, 532

Harvey, 90
Hemans, 362
Homer, 3, 246, 252, 253, 255, 304
Hood, 57, 105

Keats, 31, 62, 65, 68, 76, 91, 106, 204, 243

Landor, 46
Longfellow, 161, 206, 291, 336
Lowell, 33, 172, 181, 273, 292, 492, 505
Lucan, 313

Macaulay, 11, 159
Mickle, 25
Milman, 45, 122
Milton, 3, 5, 6, 18, 33, 34, 38, 57, 67, 68, 75, 90, 94, 103, 104, 117,
  120, 126, 128, 129, 146, 148, 165, 167, 168, 174, 176, 179, 181, 192, 194,
  233, 235, 245, 274, 291, 296, 299, 302, 312, 328, 380, 382
Moore, 2, 25, 28, 58, 91, 105, 115, 134, 143, 293, 320, 364

Nibelungen Lied, 353

Ovid, 310

Percy, 420
Pope, 15, 133, 188, 221, 227, 287, 304

Schiller, 63, 149
Scott, 264, 359, 365, 377
Shakspeare, 5, 127, 137, 290, 291
Shelley, 23, 36, 150, 314
Southey, 188
Spenser, 8, 110, 166, 198, 389, 393, 467, 478
Swift, 51, 231

Tennyson, 111, 150, 175, 207, 214, 237, 257, 300, 390, 396, 398, 403, 415,
  435, 444, 462, 486, 489, 503, 508, 512, 515, 517, 521, 556, 558, 566, 572,
  578
Thomson, 80, 305
Tickell, 304

Veda, Rig, 636

Waller, 22, 262
Warton, 395
Wordsworth, 167, 215, 302, 319

Young, 126, 176, 205, 275, 318

                          INDEX AND DICTIONARY

                                   A

Ab-dal-rah´man, founder of the independent Ommiad (Saracenic) power in
  Spain, conquered at Tours by Charles Martel, 648, 649.
Ab´er-fraw, scene of nuptials of Branwen and Matholch, 590.
Ab-syr´tus, younger brother of Medea, 137.
A-by´dos, a town on the Hellespont, nearly opposite to Sestos, 105.
Ab´y-la, Mount, or Columna, a mountain in Morocco, near Ceuta, now called
  Jebel Musa or Ape’s Hill, forming the Northwestern extremity of the
  African coast opposite Gibraltar (_See_ Pillars of Hercules), 145.
A-ces´tes, son of a Trojan woman who was sent by her father to Sicily,
  that she might not be devoured by the monsters which infested the
  territory of Troy, 162, 164, 264;
  city of, 283.
A-ce´tes, Bacchanal captured by Pentheus, 164.
A-cha´tes, faithful friend and companion of Æneas, 281.
Ach-e-lo´us, river-god of the largest river in Greece—his Horn of Plenty,
  177-179, 380.
A-chil´les, the hero of the Iliad, son of Peleus and of the Nereid Thetis,
  slain by Paris, 95, 138, 173, 174, 208, 212, 213, 214, 216-228, 232,
  233.
A´cis, youth loved by Galatea and slain by Polyphemus, 209-211.
A-con´ti-us, a beautiful youth, who fell in love with Cydippe, the
  daughter of a noble Athenian, 121.
A-cris´i-us, son of Abas, king of Argos, grandson of Lynceus, the
  great-grandson of Danaüs, 116, 202.
Ac-tæ´on, a celebrated huntsman, son of Aristæus and Autonoë, who, having
  seen Diana bathing, was changed by her to a stag and killed by his own
  dogs, 34, 36, 94.
Ad-me´ta, daughter of Eurystheus, covets Hippolyta’s girdle, 144.
Ad-me´tus, king of Thessaly, saved from death by Alcestis, 180, 181.
A-do´nis, a youth beloved by Aphrodite (Venus), and Proserpine; killed by
  a boar, 65-67.
A-dras´tus, a king of Argos, 182.
Æ´a-cus, son of Zeus (Jupiter) and Ægina, renowned in all Greece for his
  justice and piety, 95.
Æ-æ´a, Circe’s island, visited by Ulysses, 241.
Æ-e´tes, or Æeta, son of Helios (the Sun) and Perseis, and father of Medea
  and Absyrtus, 130, 131, 132, 137.
Æ-ge´an Sea, 38, 73, 133.
Æ-ge´us, king of Athens, 136, 150, 151.
Æ-gi´na, a rocky island in the middle of the Saronic gulf, 95.
Æ´gis, shield or breastplate of Jupiter and Minerva, 5, 109, 116.
Æ-gis´thus, murderer of Agamemnon, slain by Orestes, 234.
Æ-ne´as, Trojan hero, son of Anchises and Aphrodite (Venus), and born on
  Mount Ida, reputed first settler of Rome, 61, 213, 221, 222, 223, 258-287,
  379.
Æ-ne´id, poem by Virgil, relating the wanderings of Æneas from Troy to
  Italy, 307.
Æ´o-lus, son of Hellen and the nymph Orseis, represented in Homer as the
  happy ruler of the Æolian Islands, to whom Zeus had given dominion over
  the winds, 69, 75, 240, 261, 301.
Æs´cu-la´pi-us, god of the medical art, 127, 154, 174, 179, 180, 218, 298.
Æ´son, father of Jason, made young again by Medea, 130, 134-136.
Æ-thi-o´pi-ans, inhabitants of the country south of Egypt, 2, 118, 207,
  208.
Æ´thra, mother of Theseus by Ægeus, 150, 151.
Æt´na, volcano in Sicily, 43, 52, 122, 180, 210.
Ag´a-me´des, brother of Trophonius, distinguished as an architect, 297,
  298.
Ag´a-mem´non, son of Plisthenis and grandson of Atreus, king of Mycenæ;
  although the chief commander of the Greeks, is not the hero of the Iliad,
  and in chivalrous spirit altogether inferior to Achilles, 213, 216, 217,
  219, 222, 233.
A-ga´ve, daughter of Cadmus, wife of Echion, and mother of Pentheus, 164.
A-ge´nor, father of Europa, Cadmus, Cilix, and Phœnix, 91, 223.
Ag-la´i-a, one of the Graces, 8.
Ag´ni, Hindu god of fire, 321.
Ag´ra-mant, a king in Africa, 693, 784, 785, 786.
Ag´ri-can, fabled king of Tartary, pursuing Angelica, finally killed by
  Orlando, 676-678, 679-683.
Ag´ri-vain, one of Arthur’s knights, 404, 414, 435, 507.
Ah´ri-man, the Evil Spirit in the dual system of Zoroaster, 318.
  _See_ Ormuzd.
A´jax, son of Telamon, king of Salamis, and grandson of Æacus; represented
  in the Iliad as second only to Achilles in bravery, 138, 213, 217, 219,
  221, 228.
Al´ba, the river where King Arthur fought the Romans, 409.
Al´ba Lon´ga, city in Italy founded by son of Æneas, 287.
Al´ber-ich, dwarf guardian of Rhinegold treasure of the Nibelungs, 354,
  355, 356.
Al-brac´ca, siege of, 672-683.
Al-ces´tis, wife of Admetus, offered herself as sacrifice to spare her
  husband, but rescued by Hercules, 180, 181.
Al-ci´des (Hercules), 148, 149.
Al-ci´na, enchantress, 723, 726, 731.
Al-cin´o-us, Phæacian king, 248, 250, 252.
Al-cip´pe, daughter of Mars; carried off by Halirrhothius, 139.
Alc-me´na, wife of Jupiter, and mother of Hercules, 143.
Al´cu-in, English prelate and scholar, 654-655.
Al-dro-van´dus, dwarf guardian of treasure, 354, 355, 356.
A-lec´to, one of the Furies, 9, 277.
Al-ex-an´der the Great, king of Macedonia, conqueror of Greece, Egypt,
  Persia, Babylonia, and India, 48.
Al-fa´dur, a name for Odin, 331, 349.
Alf´heim, abode of the elves of light, 348.
Al´ice, mother of Huon and Girard, sons of Duke Sevinus, 826-827.
Al-phe´nor, son of Niobe, 113.
Al-phe´us, river-god pursuing Arethusa, who escaped by being changed to a
  fountain, 56, 57, 144.
Al-thæ´a, mother of Meleager, whom she slew because he had in a quarrel
  killed her brothers, thus disgracing “the house of Thestius,” her father,
  138-140.
Am-al-the´a, nurse of the infant Jupiter in Crete, 179.
A-ma´ta, wife of Latinus, driven mad by Alecto, 277.
Am´au-ry of Hauteville, false-hearted Knight of Charlemagne, 825-830.
Am´a-zons, mythical race of warlike women, 144-145, 153.
Am-bro´si-a, celestial food used by the gods, 3.
Am´mon, Egyptian god of life, identified by Romans with phases of Jupiter,
  the father of gods, 123.
Am-phi-a-ra´us, a great prophet and hero at Argos, 182.
Am-phi´on, a musician, son of Jupiter and Antiope (_See_ Dirce), 113,
  192-193.
Am-phi-tri´te, wife of Neptune, 172, 173.
Am-phyr´sos, a small river in Thessaly, 180.
Am´pyx, assailant of Perseus, turned to stone by seeing Gorgon’s head,
  121.
Am-ri´ta, nectar giving immortality, 321.
A´mun, 292.
  _See_ Ammon.
Am´y-mo´ne, one of the fifty daughters of Danaüs, and mother by Poseidon
  (Neptune) of Nauplius, the father of Palamedes, 144.
An´ax-ar´e-te, a maiden of Cyprus, who treated her lover Iphis with such
  haughtiness that he hanged himself at her door, 78, 79.
An-bess´a, Saracenic governor of Spain (725 A.D.), 648.
An-ce´us, one of the Argonauts, 137.
An-chi´ses, beloved by Aphrodite (Venus), by whom he became the father of
  Æneas, 258, 259, 265, 271, 272.
An-dræ´mon, husband of Dryope; saw her changed into a tree, 64, 65.
An´dret, a cowardly knight, spy upon Tristram, 456.
An-drom´a-che, wife of Hector, 213, 225, 260.
An-drom´e-da, daughter of King Cephas, delivered from monster by Perseus,
  118-120.
An´eur-in, Welsh bard, 531.
An-gel´i-ca, Princess of Cathay, 665-672, 678-686, 693, 704-710, 732, 751.
A-nem´o-ne, short-lived wind-flower, created by Venus from the blood of
  the slain Adonis, 67.
An-ger´bo-de, giant prophetess, mother of Fenris, Hela, and the Midgard
  Serpent, 344.
An´gle-sey, a Northern British island, refuge of Druids fleeing from
  Romans, 362.
An-tæ´us, giant wrestler of Libya, killed by Hercules, who, finding him
  stronger when thrown to the earth, lifted him into the air and strangled
  him, 122, 146.
An-te´a, wife of jealous Prœtus, 125.
An-te´nor, descendants of, in Italy, 381.
An´te-ros, deity avenging unrequited love, brother of Eros (Cupid), 7.
An´thor, a Greek, 285.
An-tig´o-ne, daughter of Ædipus, Greek ideal of filial and sisterly
  fidelity, 181-184.
An-til´o-chus, son of Nestor, 207, 221.
An-ti´o-pe, Amazonian queen, 153, 192, 194.
  _See_ Dirce.
A-nu´bis, Egyptian god, conductor of the dead to judgment, 293, 294.
Ap´en-nines, 43.
Aph-ro-di´te. _See_ Venus, Dione, etc.
A´pis, Egyptian bull-god of Memphis, 295, 299.
A-pol´lo, god of music and song, 3, 5, 8, 13, 19, 20-23, 38, 47, 67-68,
  104, 112, 113, 123, 127, 173, 174, 179, 180, 185, 196, 199, 206, 216, 218,
  220, 222, 223, 224, 225, 228, 232, 252, 259, 274, 301.
A-pol´lo Bel-ve-dere´, famous antique statue in Vatican at Rome, 306.
A-pol´lo, Oracle of, 69, 81, 92, 259, 297.
A-pol´lo, temple to, 157, 228, 314.
Apples of the Hesperides, wedding gifts to Juno, guarded by daughters of
  Atlas and Hesperis, stolen by Atlas for Hercules, 145.
Aq´ui-lo, or Boreas, the North Wind, 176.
Aq´ui-taine, ancient province of Southwestern France, 406.
A-rach´ne, a maiden skilled in weaving, changed to a spider by Minerva for
  daring to compete with her, 108-111.
Ar-ca´di-a, a country in the middle of Peloponnesus, surrounded on all
  sides by mountains, 9, 34, 138, 280.
Ar´ca-dy, star of, the Pole-star, 33.
Ar´cas, son of Jupiter and Callisto, 34.
Archer, constellation of the, 40.
Ar´den, forest of, 661, 667, 668, 703.
A-re-op´a-gus, court of the, at Athens, 235.
A´res, called Mars by the Romans, the Greek god of war, and one of the
  great Olympian gods, 7.
Ar-e-thu´sa, nymph of Diana, changed to a fountain, 55-56, 58.
Ar´gius, king of Ireland, father of Isoude the Fair, 453.
Ar´go, builder of the vessel of Jason for the Argonautic expedition, 130,
  132, 133.
Ar´go-lis, city of the Nemean games, 155.
Ar´go-nauts, Jason’s crew seeking the Golden Fleece, 130, 131, 137, 144,
  158, 176.
Ar´gos, a kingdom in Greece, 182, 234, 285, 289, 307.
Ar´gus, of the hundred eyes, guardian of Io, 29-31, 130, 133, 255, 302.
A-ri-ad´ne, daughter of King Minos, who helped Theseus slay the Minotaur,
  152, 156, 165.
A-rim´a-nes. _See_ Ahriman.
Ar´i-mas´pi-ans, one-eyed people of Syria, 129.
A-ri´on, famous musician, whom sailors cast into the sea to rob him, but
  whose lyric song charmed the dolphins, one of which bore him safely to
  land, 195-198.
Ar-is-tæ´us, the bee-keeper, in love with Eurydice, 185, 189-191.
Ar-mor´i-ca, another name for Britain, 375, 388, 400.
Ar-ri-da´no, a magical ruffian, slain by Orlando, 687, 689, 690.
Ar´te-mis. _See_ Diana.
Arth-gal´lo, brother of Elidure, British king, 386.
Ar´thur, king in Britain about the 6th century, 375, 390, 392, 394-417,
  441, 442, 444, 461, 466, 484, 487, 508-514, 515-521, 534, 539, 546-549,
  554, 564-569, 611-614, 622.
A´runs, an Etruscan who killed Camilla, 286.
As´gard, home of the Northern gods, 330, 345.
Ash´ta-roth, a cruel spirit, called by enchantment to bring Rinaldo to
  death, 804-805.
A´sia, 152, 161.
As´ke, the first man, made from an ash tree, 329.
As-tol´pho of England, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 653, 656, 667, 673,
  675, 722, 731, 739-740, 769-779, 783-784, 791.
As-træ´a, goddess of justice, daughter of Astræus and Eos, 15.
As-ty´a-ges, an assailant of Perseus, 121.
As-ty´a-nax, son of Hector of Troy, established kingdom of Messina in
  Italy, 697.
A-su´ras, opponents of the Braminical gods, 321.
At-a-lan´ta, beautiful daughter of King of Icaria, loved and won in a
  foot-race by Hippomenes, 138-140, 141-142.
A´te, the goddess of infatuation, mischief and guilt, 222.
Ath´a-mas, son of Æolus and Enarete, and king of Orchomenus, in Bœotia,
  129, 130, 174.
  _See_ Ino.
A-the´ne, tutelary goddess of Athens; the same as Minerva, 152.
Ath´ens, the capital of Attica, about four miles from the sea, between the
  small rivers Cephissus and Ilissus, 95, 107, 136, 137, 150, 151, 153, 154,
  235, 307.
A´thor, Egyptian deity, progenitor of Isis and Osiris, 292.
A´thos, the mountainous peninsula, also called Acte, which projects from
  Chalcidice in Macedonia, 43.
At-lan´tes, foster-father of Rogero, a powerful magician, 693, 703, 720,
  737, 739.
At-lan´tis, according to an ancient tradition, a great island west of the
  Pillars of Hercules, in the ocean, opposite Mount Atlas, 273.
At´las, a Titan, who bore the heavens on his shoulders, as punishment for
  opposing the gods; one of the sons of Iapetus, 5, 44, 117-118, 146, 149,
  206.
At´las, Mount, general name for range in northern Africa, 145.
At´ro-pos, one of the Fates (which _See_), 9.
At´ti-ca, a state in ancient Greece, 153, 154, 158.
Aud-hum´bla, the cow from which the giant Ymir was nursed. Her milk was
  frost melted into raindrops, 329.
Au-ge´an stables, cleansed by Hercules, 144.
Au-ge´as, king of Elis, 144.
Au-gus´tan age, reign of Roman Emperor Augustus Cæsar, famed for many
  great authors, 308.
Au-gus´tus, the first imperial Cæsar, who ruled the Roman Empire 31
  B.C.-14 A.D., 11, 308.
Au´lis, port in Bœotia, meeting-place of Greek expedition against Troy,
  213.
Au-ro´ra, identical with Eos, goddess of the dawn, 23, 26, 53, 72,
  207-208.
Au-ro´ra Bo-re-a´lis, splendid nocturnal luminosity in northern sky,
  called Northern Lights, probably electrical, 331.
Au´tumn, attendant of Phœbus, the Sun, 39.
Av´a-lon, land of the Blessed, an earthly paradise in the Western Seas,
  burial-place of King Arthur, 395, 400, 520.
Av´a-tar, name for any of the earthly incarnations of Vishnu, the
  Preserver (Hindu god), 321.
Av´en-tine, Mount, one of the Seven Hills of Rome, 146.
A-ver´nus, a miasmatic lake close to the promontory between Cumæ and
  Puteoli, filling the crater of an extinct volcano, by the ancients thought
  to be the entrance to the infernal regions, 265, 266.
Av-i-cen´na, celebrated Arabian physician and philosopher, 313.
A´ya, mother of Rinaldo, 820.
Ay´mon, Duke, father of Rinaldo and Bradamante, 791-792, 794.

                                   B

Ba´al, king of Tyre, 358.
Bab-y-lo´ni-an River, dried up when Phaëton drove the sun-chariot, 44.
Bac´cha-na´li-a, a feast to Bacchus that was permitted to occur but once
  in three years; attended by most shameless orgies, 161.
Bac´cha-nals, devotees and festal dancers of Bacchus, 161, 164.
Bac´chus (Dionysus), god of wine and revelry, 8, 10, 46-47, 123, 160-165,
  179, 187.
Ba´don, battle of, Arthur’s final victory over the Saxons, 394, 400.
Bag-de-ma´gus, King, a knight of Arthur’s time, 427-428, 489.
Bal´dur, son of Odin, and representing in Norse mythology the sun-god,
  343-347.
Bal-i-sar´do, Orlando’s sword, 786.
Ban, King of Brittany, ally of Arthur, father of Launcelot, 391, 401, 424.
Bards, minstrels of Welsh Druids, 361, 531.
Bas´i-lisk. _See_ Cockatrice.
Bau´cis, wife of Philemon, visited by Jupiter and Mercury, 49-51.
Bay´ard, wild horse subdued by Rinaldo, 661-663, 672, 696, 704, 708,
  768-769, 784-788, 814, 826.
Be´al, Druids’ god of life, 358.
Bear (Constellation of), 3.
Bed´i-vere, Arthur’s knight, 517-525.
Bed´ver, King Arthur’s butler, made governor of Normandy, 406, 407, 408,
  410.
Bed´wyr, knightly comrade of Geraint, 570.
Bel-i-sar´da, Rogero’s sword, 730.
Bel-ler´o-phon, demigod, conqueror of the Chimæra, 125-126.
Bel-lo´na, the Roman goddess of war, represented as the sister or wife of
  Mars, 10.
Bel´tane, Druidical fire-festival, 359.
Be´lus, son of Poseidon (Neptune) and Libya or Eurynome, twin brother of
  Agenor, 262.
Ben´di-geid Vran, King of Britain, 589-597.
Be´o-wulf, hero and king of the Swedish Geats, 635-637.
Ber´o-e, nurse of Semele, 160.
Ber´tha, mother of Orlando, 656.
Bi´frost, rainbow bridge between the earth and Asgard (which _See_), 330,
  349.
Bla´dud, inventor, builder of the city of Bath, 383.
Bla´mor, a knight of Arthur, 512, 523, 525.
Ble-ob´er-is, a knight of Arthur, 525.
Bœ-o´ti-a, state in ancient Greece, capital city Thebes, 213, 297.
Bo-hort´, King, a knight of Arthur, 399, 401, 424, 442, 443, 446-449,
  497-502, 504-506, 507, 510, 512, 523, 524, 525.
Bo´na De´a, a Roman divinity of fertility, 10 n.
Bo-o´tes, also called Arcas, son of Jupiter and Calisto, changed to
  constellation of Ursa Major, 42.
Bo´re-as, North wind, son of Æolus and Aurora, 176, 261.
Bos´po-rus (Bosphorus), the Cow-ford, named for Io (which _See_), when as
  a heifer she crossed that strait, 31.
Brad-a-man´te, sister to Rinaldo; a female warrior, 697, 703, 708,
  712-721, 727, 737, 738, 740, 765-768, 779, 791, 792, 794, 796-801.
Brad-e-ma´gus, King, father of Sir Maleagans, 436, 439.
Brag´i, Norse god of poetry, 332.
Brah´ma, the Creator, chief god of Hindu religion, 320-325.
Bran´wen, daughter of Llyr, King of Britain, wife of Matholch, 591-597.
Brazen Age, 14.
Bré-cil´i-ande, forest of, where Vivian enticed Merlin, 391, 392, 475.
Breng´wain, maid of Isoude the Fair, 454, 468-469.
Bren´nus, son of Molmutius, went to Gaul, became King of the Allobroges,
  386.
Breuse, the Pitiless, a caitiff knight, 464, 469.
Bri-a´re-us, hundred-armed giant, 52, 123, 267.
Brice, Bishop, sustainer of Arthur when elected king, 398.
Brig-li-a-do´ro, Orlando’s horse, 759, 788.
Bri-se´is, captive maid belonging to Achilles, 216.
Brit´to, reputed ancestor of British people, 379.
Bruh´ier, Sultan of Arabia, 862-866.
Bru-nel´lo, dwarf, thief, and king, 694, 718.
Brun´hild, leader of the Valkyrie, 352, 354-357.
Bru´tus, great-grandson of Æneas, and founder of city of New Troy
  (London), 375, 379-391.
  _See_ Pandrasus.
Bry´an, Sir, a knight of Arthur, 430.
Bud´dha, called The Enlightened, reformer of Brahmanism, deified teacher
  of self-abnegation, virtue, reincarnation, _Karma_ (inevitable sequence of
  every act), and _Nirvana_ (beatific absorption into the Divine), lived
  about 562-482 B.C., 321, 325-326.
Bull, constellation, 40.
Byb´los, in Egypt, 294.
Byr´sa, original site of Carthage, 262.

                                   C

Ca´cus, gigantic son of Vulcan, slain by Hercules, whose captured cattle
  he stole, 146, 147.
Cad´mus, son of Agenor, king of Phœnicia, and of Telephassa, and brother
  of Europa, who, seeking his sister, carried off by Jupiter, had strange
  adventures—sowing in the ground teeth of a dragon he had killed, which
  sprang up armed men who slew each other, all but five, who helped Cadmus
  to found the city of Thebes, 34, 91-94, 131, 174, 182, 301.
Ca-du´ce-us, Mercury’s staff, 8, 49.
Cad-wal´lo, King of Venedotia (North Wales), 407.
Caer-le´on, traditional seat of Arthur’s court, 406, 413, 534, 553.
Cæ´sar, Julius, Roman lawyer, general, statesman and author, conquered and
  consolidated Roman territory, making possible the Empire, 387, 388.
Ca-i´cus, a Greek river, 44.
Cairns, Druidical stone-piles, 359, 365.
Cal´ais, French town facing England, 133, 176.
Cal´chas, wisest soothsayer among the Greeks at Troy, 214, 217, 230.
Cal´i-burn, a sword of Arthur, 400.
Cal-li´o-pe, one of the nine Muses (which _See_), 8, 185.
Cal-lis´to, an Arcadian nymph, mother of Arcas (_See_ Boötes), changed by
  Jupiter to constellation Ursa Minor, 31-34.
Cal´pe, a mountain in the south of Spain, on the strait between the
  Atlantic and Mediterranean, now Rock of Gibraltar, 145.
Cal´y-don, home of Meleager, 138, 140.
Ca-lyp´so, queen of Island of Ogyia, where Ulysses was wrecked and held
  seven years, 245-247.
Ca-lyp´so Island, 245.
Cam´ber, son of Brutus, governor of West Albion (Wales), 381.
Cam´bria, 529.
Cam´e-lot, legendary place in England where Arthur’s court and palace were
  located, 441, 453.
Ca-me´næ, prophetic nymphs, belonging to the religion of ancient Italy,
  175.
Ca-mil´la, Volscian maiden, huntress and Amazonian warrior, favorite of
  Diana, 278, 286, 287.
Cam´lan, battle of, where Arthur was mortally wounded, 395.
Can´ter-bury, English city, 516.
Cap´a-neus, husband of Evadne, slain by Jupiter for disobedience, 183.
Ca´pet, Hugh, King of France (987-996 A.D.), 870.
Car´a-doc Brief´bras, Sir, great-nephew of King Arthur, 418-423.
Car´a-hue, King of Mauretania, 853 ff., 861.
Car´thage, African city, home of Dido (which _See_), 262.
Cas-san´dra, daughter of Priam and Hecuba, and twin-sister of Helenus, a
  prophetess, who foretold the coming of the Greeks but was not believed,
  232.
Cas-si-bel-laun´us, British chieftain, fought but not conquered by Cæsar,
  387.
Cas-si-o-pe´ia, mother of Andromeda, 118, 120.
Cas-ta´li-a, fountain of Parnassus, giving inspiration to Oracular
  priestess named Pythia, 297.
Cas-ta´lian Cave, oracle of Apollo, 92.
Castes (India), 323-325.
Cas´tor and Pol´lux—the Dioscuri, sons of Jupiter and Leda,—Castor a
  horseman, Pollux a boxer (_See_ Gemini), 133, 158-159, 202, 203.
Cau´ca-sus, Mount, 18, 43, 170.
Ca-vall´, Arthur’s favorite dog, 564.
Ca-ys´ter, ancient river, 44.
Ce-bri´o-nes, Hector’s charioteer, 220.
Ce´crops, first king of Athens, 107.
Ce-les´tials, gods of classic mythology, 3.
Ce´le-us, shepherd who sheltered Ceres, seeking Proserpine, and whose
  infant son Triptolemus was in gratitude made great by Ceres, 54, 57.
Cel-li´ni, Benvenuto, famous Italian sculptor and artificer in metals,
  316.
Celt´ic nations, ancient Gauls and Britons, modern Bretons, Welsh, Irish
  and Gaelic Scotch, 529.
Cen´taurs, originally an ancient race, inhabiting Mount Pelion in
  Thessaly; in later accounts represented as half horses and half men, and
  said to have been the offspring of Ixion and a cloud, 127-128, 166.
Ceph´a-lus, husband of beautiful but jealous Procris, 26-28, 95.
Ce´phe-us, King of Ethiopians, father of Andromeda, 118, 120.
Ceph´i-sus, a Grecian stream, 92.
Cer´be-rus, three-headed dog that guarded the entrance to Hades; called a
  son of Typhaon and Echidna, 88, 147, 196, 268.
Ce´res (_See_ Demeter), 8, 53, 54-57, 86, 169.
Ces´tus, the girdle of Venus, 6, 218.
Cey-lon´, 326.
Ce´yx, King of Thessaly (_See_ Halcyone), 69-75.
Cha´os, original Confusion, personified by Greeks as most ancient of the
  gods, 4, 12, 45.
Char´le-magne, king of the Franks and emperor of the Romans, 375, 647,
  650-655, 664-672, 674, 801-813 ff.
Charles Mar-tel´, king of the Franks, grandfather of Charlemagne, called
  Martel (the Hammer) from his defeat of the Saracens at Tours, 648, 649,
  650.
Char´lot, son of Charlemagne, 818-821, 825, 827, 852, 858.
Cha´ron, son of Erebos, conveyed in his boat the shades of the dead across
  the rivers of the lower world, 88, 267.
Cha-ryb´dis, whirlpool near the coast of Sicily, 243-245, 261, 303, 304,
  322.
  _See_ Scylla.
Chi-mæ´ra, a fire-breathing monster, the fore part of whose body was that
  of a lion, the hind part that of a dragon, and the middle that of a goat,
  slain by Bellerophon, 122, 124-126, 267.
Chi´na, 326;
  Lamas (priests) of, 327.
Chi´os, island in the Grecian archipelago, 205.
Chi´ron, wisest of all the Centaurs, son of Cronos (Saturn) and Philyra,
  lived on Mount Pelion, instructor of Grecian heroes, 127, 128, 133,
  173.
Chry-se´is, Trojan maid, taken by Agamemnon, 216.
Chry´ses, priest of Apollo, father of Chryseis, 216.
Ci-co´ni-ans, inhabitants of Ismarus, visited by Ulysses, 236.
Cim´bri, an ancient people of Central Europe, 529.
Cim-me´ri-a, a land of darkness, 31, 71, 529.
Ci´mon, Athenian general, 154.
Cir´ce, sorceress, sister of Æetes, 60, 61, 117, 241-243.
Ci-thæ´ron, Mount, scene of Bacchic worship, 164, 192.
Clar-i-mun´da, wife of Huon, 845-848.
Cli´o, one of the Muses (which _See_), 8.
Clor´i-dan, a Moor, 747-751.
Clo´tho, one of the Fates (which _See_), 9.
Clym´e-ne, an ocean nymph, 38-39.
Cly-tem-nes´tra, wife of Agamemnon, killed by Orestes, 234.
Cly´tie, a water-nymph, in love with Apollo, 104-105.
Cni´dos, ancient city of Asia Minor, seat of worship of Aphrodite (Venus),
  66.
Cock´a-trice (or Basilisk), called King of Serpents, supposed to kill with
  its look, 312-314.
Co-cy´tus, a river of Hades, 267.
Col´chis, a kingdom east of the Black Sea, 130, 131, 137.
Col´o-phon, one of the seven cities claiming the birth of Homer, 307.
Co-lum´ba, St., an Irish Christian missionary to Druidical parts of
  Scotland, 362-363.
Co´nan, Welsh king, 388.
Con´stan-tine, Greek emperor, 791, 793.
Cor-deil´la, daughter of the mythical King Leir, 383-384.
Co-ri-ne´us, a Trojan warrior in Albion, 381.
Cor´inth, city and isthmus of, 136, 151, 155, 195, 197, 199.
Cor-nu-co´pi-a of Achelous, 179.
Corn´wall, southwest part of Britain, 381, 382.
Cor-ta´na, Ogier’s sword, 853, 854, 865.
Cor-y-ban´tes, priests of Cybele, or Rhea, in Phrygia, who celebrated her
  worship with dances, to the sound of the drum and the cymbal, 143.
Crab, constellation, 41.
Cranes and their enemies, the Pygmies, 128;
  of Ibycus, 198-201.
Cre´on, king of Thebes, 183.
Crete, one of the largest islands of the Mediterranean Sea, lying south of
  the Cyclades, 95, 100, 109, 152, 259.
Cre-u´sa, daughter of Priam, wife of Æneas, 136.
Croc´a-le, a nymph of Diana, 34.
Crom´lech, Druidical altar, 359.
Cro´nos, 9, 301.
  _See_ Saturn.
Cro-to´na, city of Italy, 288, 292.
Cu-chu´lain, Irish hero, called the “Hound of Ireland,” 637-640.
Cul-dees´, followers of St. Columba, 363-364.
Cu-mæ´an Sibyl, seeress of Cumæ, consulted by Æneas, sold Sibylline books
  to Tarquin, 275.
Cu´pid, child of Venus and god of love, 7, 20, 53, 65, 80-90, 193.
Cu-roi of Kerry, wise man, 638-640.
Cy´a-ne, river, opposed Pluto’s passage to Hades, 53, 54, 55.
Cyb´e-le (Rhea, which _See_), 11, 142.
Cy-clo´pes, creatures with circular eyes, of whom Homer speaks as a
  gigantic and lawless race of shepherds in Sicily, who devoured human
  beings; they helped Vulcan to forge the thunderbolts of Zeus under Ætna,
  122, 123, 180, 205, 209, 210, 237-240, 247, 260.
Cym´be-line, king of ancient Britain, 388.
Cy´no-sure (Dog’s tail), the Pole-star, at tail of Constellation Ursa
  Minor, 33.
Cyn´thi-an mountain top, birthplace of Artemis (Diana) and Apollo, 112.
Cy´prus, island off the coast of Syria, sacred to Aphrodite, 6, 63, 66,
  78, 142, 233.
Cy-re´ne, a nymph, mother of Aristæus, 189-190.

                                   D

Dæ´da-lus, architect of the Cretan Labyrinth; inventor of sails, 152,
  156-157.
Dag´ue-net, King Arthur’s fool, 469.
Da´lai La´ma, chief pontiff of Thibet, 327.
Dan´a-e, mother of Perseus by Jupiter, 202.
Da-na´i-des, the fifty daughters of Danaüs, king of Argos, who were
  betrothed to the fifty sons of Ægyptus, but were commanded by their father
  to slay each her own husband on the marriage night, 186.
Dan´a-us (_See_ Danaides), 186.
Daph´ne, maiden loved by Apollo, and changed into a laurel tree, 20-23.
Dar-da-nelles´, ancient Hellespont (which _See_), 129.
Dar´da-nus, progenitor of the Trojan kings, 206, 259.
Dar´di-nel, prince of Zumara, 745.
Dawn, 3, 5, 41.
  _See_ Aurora.
Day, an attendant on Phœbus, the Sun, 39.
Day-star (Hesperus), 41, 69, 71.
Death, 181, 220, 266.
  _See_ Hela.
De-iph´o-bus, son of Priam and Hecuba, the bravest brother of Paris, 213,
  224.
De´ja-ni´ra, wife of Hercules, 147, 177, 179.
De´los, floating island, birthplace of Apollo and Diana, 38, 157, 162,
  259.
Del´phi, shrine of Apollo, famed for its oracles, 1, 123, 155, 234, 235,
  297, 298.
Del´phos, 21.
De-me´ter, Greek goddess of marriage and human fertility; identified by
  Romans with Ceres (which _See_), 8.
De-me´ti-a, South Wales, 407.
De-mod´o-cus, bard of Alcinoüs, king of the Phæacians, 202, 252.
Deu-ca´li-on, king of Thessaly, who with his wife Pyrrha were the only
  pair surviving a deluge sent by Zeus, 16-17, 301.
Di´a, island of, 162.
Di-a´na (Artemis), goddess of the moon and of the chase, daughter of
  Jupiter and Latona, 6, 21, 26, 30, 34-36, 38, 53, 56, 101, 112, 123, 127,
  134 n., 138, 139, 141, 154, 204, 206, 214, 235, 259, 278, 286, 380.
Di-a´na of the Hind, antique sculpture in the Louvre, Paris, 306.
Di-a´na, temple of, 314.
Dic´tys, a sailor, 162, 202.
Did´i-er, king of the Lombards, 653.
Di´do, queen of Tyre and Carthage, entertained the shipwrecked Æneas, 262,
  263, 268.
Di-o-me´de, Greek hero during Trojan War, 213, 219, 229, 232.
Di-o´ne, female Titan, mother of Zeus, of Aphrodite (Venus), 6.
Di-o-ny´sus. _See_ Bacchus.
Di-os-cu´ri, the Twins (_See_ Castor and Pollux), 158.
Dir´ce, wife of Lycus, king of Thebes, who ordered Amphion and Zethus to
  tie Antiope to a wild bull, but they, learning Antiope to be their mother,
  so treated Dirce herself, 192.
Dis. _See_ Pluto.
Dis´cord, apple of, 212.
  _See_ Eris.
Dis-cor´di-a, 266.
  _See_ Eris.
Do-do´na, site of an oracle of Zeus (Jupiter), 296.
Dolphin, 196.
Dor´ce-us, a dog of Diana, 35.
Do´ris, wife of Nereus, 44, 173.
Drag´on’s teeth sown by Cadmus, 301.
Dru´ids, ancient Celtic priests, 358-362.
Dry´-a-des (or Dryads), 169.
  _See_ Wood-nymphs.
Dry´o-pe, changed to a lotus plant, for plucking a lotus—enchanted form of
  the nymph Lotis, 64-65.
Du-bri´ci-us, bishop of Caerleon, 407, 408.
Du´don, a knight, comrade of Astolpho, 783.
Dun-wal´lo Mol-mu´ti-us, British king and lawgiver, 385.
Du-rin-da´na, sword of Orlando or Rinaldo, 658, 672, 687, 699, 754, 759,
  765, 785-788.
Dwarfs in Wagner’s Nibelungen Ring, 354.

                                   E

Earth (Gæa), 4, 5, 44;
  goddess of the, 145, 297.
E-bu´di-ans, the, 732-733.
Ech´o, nymph of Diana, shunned by Narcissus, faded to nothing but a voice,
  101-103.
Eck´len-lied, the, 354.
Ed´das, Norse mythological records, 329, 348, 351, 354.
Ed´e-ryn, son of Nudd, 562.
E-ge´ri-a, nymph of the Fountain, 154, 175.
Egypt, 123, 163, 233, 296.
Eis-tedd´fod, session of Welsh bards and minstrels, 361.
E-lec´tra, the lost one of the Pleiades (which _See_); also, sister of
  Orestes (which _See_), 206, 234, 235.
El-eu-sin´i-an Mysteries, instituted by Ceres, and calculated to awaken
  feelings of piety and a cheerful hope of better life in the future, 57.
E-leu´sis, Grecian city, 54, 57.
El´gin Marbles, Greek sculptures from the Parthenon of Athens, now in
  British Museum, London, placed there by Lord Elgin, 155.
E-li-au´res, enchanter, 419.
El´i-dure, a king of Britain, 386.
E´lis, ancient Greek city, 55, 144, 155.
El´li, old age; the one successful wrestler against Thor, 341.
El´phin, son of Gwyddno, 626-633.
Elves, spiritual beings, of many powers and dispositions—some evil, some
  good, 348.
El-vid´nir, the hall of Hela (which _See_), 333.
E-lys´i-an Fields, the land of the blest, 2.
E-lys´i-an Plain, whither the favored of the gods were taken without
  death, 2.
E-lys´i-um, a happy land, where there is neither snow, nor cold, nor rain.
  Hither favored heroes, like Menelaus, pass without dying, and live happy
  under the rule of Rhadamanthus. In the Latin poets Elysium is part of the
  lower world, and the residence of the shades of the blessed, 196, 269,
  272, 273.
Em´bla, the first woman, 329.
En-cel´a-dus, giant defeated by Jupiter, 52, 122.
En-dym´i-on, a beautiful youth beloved by Diana, 61, 204.
E´nid, wife of Geraint, 568, 573.
En´na, vale of, home of Proserpine, 53, 58.
E´noch, the patriarch, 772.
Epi-dau´rus, a town in Argolis, on the Saronic gulf; chief seat of the
  worship of Æsculapius, whose temple was situated near the town, 94, 95,
  151, 298.
Ep-i-me´theus, son of Iapetus; husband of Pandora; with his brother
  Prometheus took part in creation of man, 13, 18.
E-pi´rus, country to the west of Thessaly, lying along the Adriatic Sea,
  260, 292.
E-po´pe-us, a sailor, 162.
Er´a-to, one of the Muses (which _See_), 8.
Er´bin of Cornwall, father of Geraint, 568, 570.
Er´e-bus, son of Chaos; region of darkness, entrance to Hades, 4, 56, 88,
  153, 187, 277.
E-rid´a-nus, river, 45.
E-ri´nys (_pl._ E-rin´ny-es), one of the Furies (which _See_), 9, 235.
Er´i-phy´le, sister of Polynices, bribed to decide on war, in which her
  husband was slain, 182, 183.
E´ris (Discordia), goddess of discord. At the wedding of Peleus and
  Thetis, Eris being uninvited threw into the gathering an apple “For the
  Fairest,” which was claimed by Hera (Juno), Aphrodite (Venus) and Athena
  (Minerva). Paris, being called upon for judgment, awarded it to Aphrodite,
  211.
Er-i-sich´thon, an unbeliever, punished by famine, 167, 169-171, 177.
E´ros. _See_ Cupid.
Er´y-the´ia, island, 145, 146.
E´ryx, a mount, haunt of Venus, 53.
E-se´pus, river in Paphlagonia, 208.
Es-tril´dis, wife of Locrine, supplanting divorced Guendolen, 381.
E-te´o-cles, son of Œdipus and Jocasta, 182, 183.
E-trus´cans, ancient people of Italy, 281.
Et´zel, king of the Huns, 353.
Eu-bo´ic Sea, where Hercules threw Lichas, who brought him the poisoned
  shirt of Nessus, 148.
Eude, king of Aquitaine, ally of Charles Martel, 649.
Eu-mæ´us, swineherd of Æneas, 254, 257.
Eu-men´i-des, also called Erinnyes, and by the Romans Furiæ or Diræ, the
  Avenging Deities, 201, 234.
  _See_ Furies.
Eu-phor´bus, a Trojan, killed by Menelaus, 289.
Eu-phros´y-ne, one of the Graces (which _See_), 8.
Eu-ro´pa, daughter of the Phœnician king Agenor, by Zeus the mother of
  Minos, Rhadamanthus, and Sarpedon, 91, 109.
Eu´rus, the East wind, 176.
Eu-ry´a-lus, a gallant Trojan soldier, who with Nisus entered the Grecian
  camp, both being slain, 282, 283, 284.
Eu-ryd´i-ce, wife of Orpheus, who, fleeing from an admirer, was killed by
  a snake and borne to Tartarus, where Orpheus sought her and was permitted
  to bring her to earth if he would not look back at her following him; but
  he did, and she returned to the Shades, 185-188, 191, 196.
Eu-ryl´o-chus, a companion of Ulysses, 241.
Eu-ryn´o-me, female Titan, wife of Ophion (which _See_), 4, 5.
Eu-rys´theus, taskmaster of Hercules, 128, 143-147.
Eu-ryt´i-on, a Centaur (_See_ Hippodamia), 127, 145.
Eu-ter´pe, Muse who presided over music, 8.
Eux´ine Sea, 2, 130.
E-vad´ne, wife of Capaneus, who flung herself upon his funeral pile and
  perished with him, 182, 183.
E-van´der, Arcadian chief, befriending Æneas in Italy, 279-281, 285.
Eve, 5, 17, 301.
Ev´niss-yen, quarrelsome brother of Branwen, 590, 591.
Ex-cal´i-bar, sword of King Arthur, 398, 399, 413, 519.

                                   F

Faf´ner, a giant turned dragon, treasure-stealer; by the Solar Theory
  simply the Darkness who steals the day, 354, 355, 356.
Fal-er-i´na, an enchantress, 678, 686, 688.
Fam´ine, 170.
Fa´solt, a giant, brother of Fafner, and killed by him, 354.
“Fas´ti,” Ovid’s, a mythological poetic calendar, 309.
Fa´ta Mor-ga´na, a mirage, 691.
Fates, the three, described as daughters of Night—to indicate the darkness
  and obscurity of human destiny—or of Zeus and Themis, that is, “daughters
  of the just heavens:” they were Clo´tho, who spun the thread of life;
  Lach´e-sis, who held the thread and fixed its length, and At´ro-pos, who
  cut it off, 9, 56, 67, 170, 180, 181.
Fauns, cheerful sylvan deities, represented in human form, with small
  horns, pointed ears, and sometimes goat’s tail, 10, 76.
Fau´nus, son of Picus, grandson of Saturnus, and father of Latinus,
  worshipped as the protecting deity of agriculture and of shepherds, and
  also as a giver of oracles, 10, 36, 166, 209, 276.
Fa-vo´ni-us, the West wind, 176.
Fear, 266.
Fen´ris, a wolf, the son of Loki the Evil Principle of Scandinavia;
  supposed to have personated the element of fire, destructive except when
  chained, 332, 333, 344, 349.
Fen-sa´lir, Freya’s palace, called the Hall of the Sea, where were brought
  together lovers, husbands, and wives who had been separated by death,
  344.
Fer´ra-gus, a giant, opponent of Orlando, 657-658.
Fer´rau, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 667, 669, 737.
Fer´rex, brother of Porrex, the two sons of Leir, 385.
Fire-worshippers, of ancient Persia, 318-320.
  _See_ Parsees.
Flol-lo, Roman tribune in Gaul, 405, 406.
Flo´ra, Roman goddess of flowers and spring, 10, 176.
Flor-de´lis, fair maiden beloved by Florismart, 675-676, 678, 683, 702,
  763, 767.
Flor´is-mart, Sir, a brave knight, 656, 675-676, 678, 692, 702, 737, 740,
  764, 783-789.
Floss-hil´da, one of the Rhine daughters (which _See_), 354.
Fortunate Fields, 2.
Fortunate Islands (_See_ Elysian Plain), 273.
Fo´rum, market-place and open square for public meetings in Rome,
  surrounded by courthouses, palaces, temples, etc., 281.
Fran´cus, son of Histion, grandson of Japhet, great-grandson of Noah,
  legendary ancestor of the Franks, or French, 379.
Fre´ki, one of Odin’s two wolves, 330.
French language, 374.
Frey, or Freyr, god of the sun, 332, 336, 347, 348, 349.
Frey´a, Norse goddess of music, spring, and flowers, 332, 334, 335, 347,
  351, 355.
Frick´a, goddess of marriage, 355.
Frig´ga, goddess who presided over smiling nature, sending sunshine, rain,
  and harvest, 344, 345, 347, 351, 352.
Froh, one of the Norse gods, 354.
Fron-ti´no, Rogero’s horse, 695.
Frost Giants, 349.
Ful´la, 419.
Fu´ries (Erinnyes), the three retributive spirits who punished crime,
  represented as snaky-haired old woman, named Alecto, Megæra, and
  Tisiphone, 9, 186, 198, 199, 266, 269, 270, 277.
Fus-ber´ta, Rinaldo’s sword, 710.

                                   G

Gæ´a, or Ge, called Tellus by the Romans, the personification of the
  earth; described as the first being that sprang from Chaos, and gave birth
  to Uranus (Heaven) and Pontus (Sea), 1-2.
Ga-ha´ri-et, knight of Arthur’s court, 404, 414.
Ga-he´ris, knight, 429, 430, 434, 508.
Gal´a-fron, King of Cathay, father of Angelica, 665, 685.
Gal´a-had, Sir, the pure knight of Arthur’s Round Table, who safely took
  the Siege Perilous (which _See_), 487-491, 494, 504-506.
Gal-a-te´a, a Nereid or sea-nymph, 173, 197.
Gal-a-te´a, statue carved and beloved by Pygmalion, 209-211.
Ga´len, Greek physician and philosophical writer, 313.
Gal´le-hant, King of the Marches, 425, 442.
Games, national athletic contests in Greece—Olympian, at Olympia; Pythian,
  near Delphi, seat of Apollo’s oracle; Isthmian, on the Corinthian Isthmus;
  Nemean, at Nemea in Argolis, 155.
Gan, treacherous Duke of Maganza, 663, 801-805.
Gan´e-lon of Mayence, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 656.
Gan´ges, river in India, 44.
Ga´no, a peer of Charlemagne, 653.
Gan´y-mede, the most beautiful of all mortals; carried off to Olympus that
  he might fill the cup of Zeus and live among the immortal gods, 150.
Gar´eth, Arthur’s knight, 414, 508.
Gau-dis´so, Sultan, 838 ff.
Gaul, ancient France, 405.
Gau´ta-ma, Prince, the Buddha (which _See_), 325.
Ga-wain´, Arthur’s knight, 392, 402, 403, 404, 409, 414-417, 432-434, 438,
  442, 474, 484-485, 487, 490-491, 508-514, 515-516, 546, 548-549, 554, 555,
  613.
Gawl, son of Clud, suitor for Rhiannon, 585-588, 606.
Gem´i-ni (_See_ Castor), constellation created by Jupiter from the
  twin-brothers after death, 158.
Gen´ghis Khan, Tartar conqueror, 327.
Ge´ni-us, in Roman belief, the protective Spirit of each individual man,
  11.
  _See_ Juno.
Geof´frey of Mon´mouth, translator into Latin of the Welsh History of the
  Kings of Britain (1150), 375, 379.
Ge-raint´, a knight of King Arthur, 556-582.
Ger´da, wife of Frey, 336.
Ge´ri, one of Odin’s two wolves, 330.
Ge´ry-on, a three-bodied monster, 145.
Ges´nes, navigator sent for Isoude the Fair, 477.
Gi-al´lar Horn, the trumpet that Heimdal will blow at the judgment day,
  349.
Gi´ants, beings of monstrous size and of fearful countenances; represented
  as in constant opposition to the gods, 122-123;
  in Wagner’s Nibelungen Ring, 354.
Gi´bich-ung race, ancestors of Alberich, 356, 357.
Gi-bral´tar, great rock and town at southwest corner of Spain (_See_
  Pillars of Hercules), 145.
Gil´das, a scholar of Arthur’s court, 564.
Gi-rard´, son of Duke Sevinus, 826.
Glas´ton-bur-y, where Arthur died, 395.
Glau-cus, a fisherman, loving Scylla, 59-61, 174, 213.
Gleip´nir, magical chain on the wolf Fenris, 333.
Glew´lw-yd, Arthur’s porter, 610, 611.
Gods of the ancient myths, 12, 354.
Golden Age, 9, 14, 301.
Golden Apples, 117-118, 145-146.
Golden Fleece, of ram used for escape of children of Athamas, named Helle
  and Phryxus (which _See_); after sacrifice of ram to Jupiter, fleece was
  guarded by sleepless dragon and gained by Jason and Argonauts (which
  _See_; also Helle), 129-133, 134.
Gon´er-il, daughter of Leir, 383-384.
Gor´di-an Knot, tying up in temple the wagon of Gordius, he who could
  untie it being destined to be lord of Asia; it was cut by Alexander the
  Great, 48.
Gor´di-us, a countryman who, arriving in Phrygia in a wagon, was made king
  by the people, thus interpreting an oracle, 48.
Gor´gons, three monstrous females, with huge teeth, brazen claws and
  snakes for hair, sight of whom turned beholders to stone; Medusa, the most
  famous, slain by Perseus (which _See_), 115.
Gor´lois, Duke of Tintadel, 397, 398.
Gou-ver-nail, squire of Isabella, queen of Lionesse, protector of her son
  Tristram while young, 449, and his squire in knighthood, 463.
Graal, the Holy, cup from which the Saviour drank at Last Supper, taken by
  Joseph of Arimathea to Europe, and lost, its recovery becoming a sacred
  quest for Arthur’s knights, 392, 475, 487.
Graces, three goddesses who enhanced the enjoyments of life by refinement
  and gentleness; they were Aglaia (brilliance), Euphrosyne (joy), and
  Thalia (bloom), 4, 8.
Gra-das´so, king of Sericane, 672, 700, 702, 737, 740, 765, 768-769,
  784-788.
Græ´æ, three gray-haired female watchers for the Gorgons, with one movable
  eye and one tooth between the three, 115-116.
Grand La´ma, Buddhist pontiff in Thibet, 327.
Great Bear, constellation, 32-33, 36, 42.
Gren´del, monster slain by Beowulf, 635.
Griefs, 266.
Gry´phon (griffin), a fabulous animal, with the body of a lion and the
  head and wings of an eagle, dwelling in the Rhipæan mountains, between the
  Hyperboreans and the one-eyed Arimaspians, and guarding the gold of the
  North, 128.
Gue´bers, Persian fire-worshippers, 320.
Guen´do-len, wife of Locrine, 381-382.
Guen´e-vere, wife of King Arthur, beloved by Launcelot, 425, 435-437,
  439-441, 445-448, 481, 507, 522, 523, 524, 534, 555-557, 565.
Guer´in, lord of Vienne, father of Oliver, 658, 660.
Gui-de´ri-us, son of Cymbeline, 388.
Guil-la-mu´ri-us, king in Ireland, 407.
Gui-mier´, betrothed of Caradoc, 419-420.
Gul-lin-burs´ti, the boar drawing Frey’s car, 347.
Gull´topp, Heimdell’s horse, 347.
Gun-fa´si-us, King of the Orkneys, 407.
Gün´ther, Burgundian king, brother of Kriemhild, 352, 356, 357.
Gu´trune, half-sister to Hagen, 356.
Gwern, son of Matholch and Branwen, 593, 595.
Gwer´nach the Giant, 620-622.
Gwiff´ert Pe´tit, ally of Geraint, 582.
Gwydd´no, Garan´hir, King of Gwaelod, 626.
Gwyr, judge in the court of Arthur, 570.
Gy´oll, river, 345.

                                   H

Ha´des, originally the god of the nether world—the name later used to
  designate the gloomy subterranean land of the dead, 147.
Hæ´mon, son of Creon of Thebes, and lover of Antigone, 183.
Hæ-mo´ni-an city, 73.
Hæ´mus, Mount, northern boundary of Thrace, 31, 43.
Ha´gan, a principal character in the Nibelungen Lied, slayer of Siegfried,
  352, 353, 354, 356, 357.
Hal-cy´o-ne, daughter of Æneas, and the beloved wife of Ceyx, who, when he
  was drowned, flew to his floating body, and the pitying gods changed them
  both to birds (kingfishers), who nest at sea during a certain calm week in
  winter (“halcyon weather”), 69-76.
Ham-a-dry´ads, tree- or wood-nymphs, 76, 172.
  _See_ Nymphs.
Har-mo´ni-a, daughter of Mars and Venus, wife of Cadmus, 94, 182.
Ha-roun´ al Ra´schid, Caliph of Arabia, contemporary of Charlemagne, 655.
Har´pies, monsters, with head and bust of woman, but wings, legs and tail
  of birds, seizing souls of the wicked, or punishing evil-doers by greedily
  snatching or defiling their food, 176, 259-260, 276, 770.
Har-poc´ra-tes, Egyptian god, Horus, 293.
Heaven, 4.
He´be, daughter of Juno, cupbearer to the gods, 3, 135, 149, 150.
He´brus, ancient name of river Maritzka, 187.
Hec´a-te, a mighty and formidable divinity, supposed to send at night all
  kinds of demons and terrible phantoms from the lower world, 131, 134, 135,
  266.
Hec´tor, son of Priam and champion of Troy, 213, 214, 217, 218, 220, 221,
  222, 223, 224, 227, 260.
Hec´tor, one of Arthur’s knights, 443, 491.
Hec´tor de Ma-rys´, a knight, 430, 432-434, 510, 512, 523, 524, 525.
Hec´u-ba, wife of Priam, king of Troy, to whom she bore Hector, Paris, and
  many other children, 223, 224, 226, 232.
He-gi´ra, flight of Mahomet from Mecca to Medina (622 A.D.), era from
  which Mahometans reckon time, as we do from the birth of Christ,
  647-648.
Heid´run, she-goat, furnishing mead for slain heroes in Valhalla, 331.
Heim´dall, watchman of the gods, 332, 347, 349.
Hel, the lower world of Scandinavia, to which were consigned those who had
  not died in battle, 345.
He´la (Death), the daughter of Loki and the mistress of the Scandinavian
  Hel, 332, 344, 345, 349.
Hel´en, daughter of Jupiter and Leda; wife of Menelaus; carried off by
  Paris and cause of the Trojan War, 77, 153, 158, 212, 223, 229, 232, 233,
  424.
Hel´e-nus, son of Priam and Hecuba, celebrated for his prophetic powers,
  260, 261, 379.
He-li´a-des, sisters of Phaëton, 45.
Hel´i-con, Mount, in Greece, residence of Apollo and the Muses, with
  fountains of poetic inspiration, Aganippe and Hippocrene, 43, 124.
He-lio-op´o-lis, city of the Sun, in Egypt, 311.
Hel´las, Greece, 2.
Hel´le, daughter of Thessalian King Athamas, who, escaping from cruel
  father with her brother Phryxus, on ram with golden fleece, fell into the
  sea-strait since named for her (_See_ Golden Fleece), 129.
Hel´les-pont, narrow strait between Europe and Asia Minor, named for Helle
  (which _See_), 106, 129.
Hen´gist, Saxon invader of Britain, 449 A.D., 530.
He-phæs´tos, 6.
  _See_ Vulcan.
He´ra, called Juno by the Romans, a daughter of Cronos (Saturn) and Rhea,
  and sister and wife of Jupiter, 6.
  _See_ Juno.
Her´cu-les, athletic hero, son of Jupiter and Alcmena, achieved twelve
  vast labors and many famous deeds, 128, 130, 133, 143-149, 150, 151, 153,
  165, 177, 178, 179, 181, 193, 229, 279, 301, 379.
Her´cu-les, Pillars of (_See_ Pillars of Hercules), 145.
Her´cu-les, the twelve labors of, 144-147.
Her´e-ward the Wake, hero of the Saxons, 641-643.
Her´mes (Mercury), messenger of the gods, deity of commerce, science,
  eloquence, trickery, theft, and skill generally, 18, 49-51, 293.
Her-mi´o-ne, daughter of Menelaus and Helen, 233.
Her´mod, the nimble, son of Odin, 345.
He´ro, a priestess of Venus, beloved of Leander (which _See_), 105-106.
He-rod´o-tus, Greek historian, 307.
He´si-od, Greek poet, 273.
Hes-pe´ri-a, ancient name for Italy, 259.
Hes-per´i-des (_See_ Apples of the Hesperides), 46, 145.
Hes´pe-rus, the evening star (also called Day-Star, p. 41), 53, 69, 145.
Hes´ti-a, called Vesta by the Romans, the goddess of the hearth, 10.
Hil´de-brand, German magician and champion, 353.
Hin´du mythology, 320-321.
Hin´du triad, Brahma, Vishnu, and Siva (which _See_), 320-323.
Hip-po-cre´ne (_See_ Helicon), 124.
Hip-po-da-mi´a, wife of Pirithous, at whose wedding the Centaurs offered
  violence to the bride, causing a great battle, 127.
Hip´po-griff, winged horse, with eagle’s head and claws, 719, 721, 722,
  741.
Hip-pol´y-ta, Queen of the Amazons, 145, 154.
Hip-pol´y-tus, son of Thesus, 154.
Hip-pom´e-nes, who won Atalanta in foot-race, beguiling her with golden
  apples thrown for her to pick up, 66, 141-142.
His´ti-on, son of Japhet, 379.
Ho´dur, blind man, who, fooled by Loki, threw a mistletoe-twig at Baldur,
  killing him, 344-345.
Ho´el, king of Brittany, 400, 406, 408, 409, 411, 475.
Holy Wars of Charlemagne, 375.
Ho´mer, the blind poet of Greece, about 850 B.C., 202, 212, 216, 273,
  306-307.
Hope (_See_ Pandora), 14.
Ho´ræ. _See_ Hours.
Hor´sa, with Hengist, invader of Britain, 530.
Ho´rus, Egyptian god of the sun, 293.
Hou-dain´, Tristram’s dog, 454, 457.
Hours, 39, 41, 208.
Hring´ham, Baldur’s ship, 347.
Hroth´gar, king of Denmark, 635.
Hu´gi, who beat Thialfi in foot-races, 340.
Hu´gin, one of Odin’s two ravens, 330.
Hun´ger, 266, 333.
Hun´ding, husband of Sieglinda, 355.
Hu´on, son of Duke Sevinus, 826 ff.
Hy-a-cin´thus, a youth beloved by Apollo, and accidentally killed by him,
  changed in death to the flower, hyacinth, 67-68, 228.
Hy´a-des, Nysæan nymphs, nurses of infant Bacchus, rewarded by being
  placed as cluster of stars in the heavens, 160.
Hy´a-le, a nymph of Diana, 34.
Hy´dra, nine-headed monster slain by Hercules, 144, 149, 267, 269.
Hy-ge´i-a, goddess of health, daughter of Æsculapius, 174.
Hy´las, a youth detained by nymphs of spring where he sought water, 133.
Hy´men, the god of marriage, imagined as a handsome youth and invoked in
  bridal songs, 20, 185.
Hy-met´tus, mountain in Attica, near Athens, celebrated for its marble and
  its honey, 63.
Hy-per-bo´re-ans, people of the far North, 2.
Hy-pe´ri-on, a Titan, son of Uranus and Ge, and father of Helios, Selene,
  and Eos, 4, 5;
  cattle of, 244.
Hyr-ca´nia, Prince of, betrothed to Clarimunda, 844, 845.
Hy-ri-e´us, king in Greece, 297.

I-ap´e-tus, a Titan, son of Uranus and Ge, and father of Atlas,
  Prometheus, Epimetheus, and Menœtius, 4, 18.
I-a´si-us, father of Atalanta, 138.
Ib´y-cus, a poet, story of, and the cranes, 198-201.
I-ca´ri-a, island of the Ægean Sea, one of the Sporades, 157.
I-ca´ri-us, Spartan prince, father of Penelope, 184.
Ic´a-rus, son of Dædalus, he flew too near the sun with artificial wings,
  and, the wax melting, he fell into the sea, 156, 157.
Ice´land, 351, 405.
Ice-los, attendant of Morpheus, 72.
I-col´um-kill. _See_ Iona.
I´da, Mount, a Trojan hill, 43, 150, 211.
I-dæ´us, a Trojan herald, 226.
I´das, son of Aphareus and Arene, and brother of Lynceus, 158.
I-du´na, wife of Bragi, 332.
I-gerne´, wife of Gorlois, and mother, by Uther, of Arthur, 397, 398.
Il´i-ad, epic poem of the Trojan War, by Homer, 216, 227.
Il´i-o´heus, a son of Niobe (which _See_), 113.
Il´i-um. _See_ Troy.
Il-lyr´i-a, Adriatic countries north of Greece, 31, 94.
Im´o-gen, daughter of Pandrasus, wife of Trojan Brutus, 380.
In´a-chus, son of Oceanus and Tethys, and father of Phoroneus and Io; also
  first king of Argos, and said to have given his name to the river Inachus.
  29.
In´cu-bus, an evil spirit, supposed to lie upon persons in their sleep,
  389.
In´dia, 39, 161.
In´dra, Hindu god of heaven, thunder, lightning, storm and rain, 320.
Infernal regions, 266-273.
I´no, wife of Athamas, fleeing from whom with infant son she sprang into
  the sea and was changed to Leucothea (which _See_), 94, 164, 174.
I´o, changed to a heifer by Jupiter, 29-31, 302.
I-ob´a-tes, King of Lycia, 124, 125.
I-o-la´us, servant of Hercules, 144.
I-ol´cos, 133.
I´o-le, sister of Dryope, 64-65.
I-o´na, or Icolmkill, a small northern island near Scotland, where St.
  Columba founded a missionary monastery (563 A.D.), 362-366.
I-o´ni-a, coast of Asia Minor, 69.
I-o´ni-an Sea, 31.
Iph-i-ge-ni´a, daughter of Agamemnon, offered as a sacrifice but carried
  away by Diana, 214, 235.
I´phis, died for love of Anaxarete, 78.
Iph´i-tus, friend of Hercules, killed by him, 147.
Ire´land, 362, 451 ff.
I´ris, goddess of the rainbow, messenger of Juno and Zeus, 6, 71-72, 218,
  225, 282.
Iron Age, 15.
I´ron-side, Arthur’s knight, 435.
Is-a-bel´la, daughter of king of Galicia, 449, 742-745, 753, 759.
I´sis, wife of Osiris; described as the giver of death, 292, 293-294.
Isles of the Blessed, 2, 146, 273.
Is´ma-rus, first stop of Ulysses, returning from Trojan War, 236.
Isme´nos, a son of Niobe, slain by Apollo, 113.
I-so´lier, friend of Rinaldo, 661, 662.
I-soude´ the Fair, beloved of Tristram, 451-459, 461, 468, 469-472, 477.
I-soude´ of the White Hands, married to Tristram, 475-477.
Isth´mi-an Games, 155, 174.
  _See_ Games.
It´a-ly, 154, 259, 262, 263, 276, 285.
Ith´a-ca, home of Ulysses and Penelope, 184, 212, 236, 253.
I-u´lus, son of Æneas, 276, 277, 283, 287.
I´vo, Saracen king, befriending Rinaldo, 663.
Ix-i´on, once a sovereign of Thessaly, sentenced in Tartarus to be lashed
  with serpents to a wheel which a strong wind drove continually around,
  186, 270.

                                   J

Ja-nic´u-lum, Roman fortress on the _Janiculus_, a hill on the other side
  of the Tiber, 281.
Ja´nus, a deity from the earliest times held in high estimation by the
  Romans, 10, 281;
  temple of, 277.
Ja-pan´, 326.
Ja´phet (Iapetus), 18.
Ja´son, leader of the Argonauts, seeking the Golden Fleece, 130-133, 134,
  135, 136, 138-139, 151.
Ja´va, 326.
Jo-cas´ta, 124, 182.
Jo´seph of Arimathea, who bore the Holy Graal to Europe, 506.
Jo´tun-heim, home of the giants in Northern mythology, 330, 335, 348.
Jove (Zeus), chief god of Roman and Grecian mythology, 5, 9, 18, 53, 56,
  80, 98, 100, 118, 119, 172, 177, 183, 210, 216, 220, 221, 239, 245,
  268.
  _See_ Jupiter.
Joy´ous Garde, residence of Sir Launcelot of the Lake, 524.
Jug´ger-naut, Hindu deity, 322.
Ju´no, the particular guardian spirit of each woman (_See_ Genius), 11.
Ju´no, wife of Jupiter, queen of the gods, 6, 28-33, 37, 38, 71, 72, 81,
  95, 101, 112, 123, 143, 144, 145, 149, 150, 160, 177, 211, 216, 218, 220,
  261, 277, 278, 279, 282, 287, 289.
Ju´pi-ter, _Jovis-pater_, Father Jove; Jupiter and Jove used
  interchangeably, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 13, 14, 15, 16, 21, 29-32, 38, 40,
  44, 45, 49, 50, 52, 89, 91, 92, 97, 107, 109, 116, 117, 123, 125, 127,
  128, 130, 143, 148, 150, 153, 155, 158, 160, 173, 179, 180, 182, 187, 192,
  204, 206, 207, 208, 211, 217, 218, 220, 221, 225, 226, 232, 240, 259, 263,
  269, 287;
  oracle of, at Dodona, 296;
  statue of the Olympian, 303.
Ju´pi-ter Am´mon (_See_ Ammon), 296.
Ju´pi-ter Cap´i-to-li´nus, temple of, preserving the Sibylline books, 275.
Jus´tice. _See_ Themis.

                                   K

Ka-dy-ri´ath, advises King Arthur, 564, 571.
Kai, son of Kyner, 570.
Kal´ki, tenth avatar (which _See_) of Vishnu, 321.
Kay, Arthur’s steward and a knight, 399, 406, 407, 408, 410, 411, 418,
  430, 431-432, 435, 440, 460, 481-482, 534, 547-548, 611, 614.
Ke-da´li-on, guide of Orion, 205-206.
Ker´man, desert of, 320.
Kic´va, daughter of Gwynn Gloy, 597-604.
Kil´wich, son of Kilydd, 608-619.
Ki-lydd´, son of Prince Kelyddon, of Wales, 608.
Kneph, spirit or breath, 292.
Knights, training and life of, 368-371.
Kriem´hild, wife of Siegfried, 352, 353.
Krish´na, eighth avatar (which _See_) of Vishnu, Hindu deity of fertility
  in nature and mankind, 321.
Ky´ner, father of Kay, 534.
Ky´non, son of Clydno, 534-539.

                                   L

Lab´y-rinth, the enclosed maze of passageways where roamed the Minotaur of
  Crete, killed by Theseus with aid of Ariadne, 152, 156.
Lach´e-sis, one of the Fates (which _See_), 9.
Lady of the Fountain, tale told by Kynon, 534-553.
La-er´tes, father of Ulysses, 185.
Læs-try-go´ni-ans, savages attacking Ulysses, 241.
La´ius, King of Thebes, 123.
La´ma, holy man of Thibet, 327.
Lam-pe´tia, daughter of Hyperion, 244.
La-oc´o-on, a priest of Neptune, in Troy, who warned the Trojans against
  the Wooden Horse (which _See_), but when two serpents came out of the sea
  and strangled him and his two sons, the people listened to the Greek spy
  Sinon (which _See_), and brought the fatal Horse into the town, 115,
  230.
La-o-da-mi´a, daughter of Acastus and wife of Protesilaus, 214.
La-od´e-gan, King of Carmalide, helped by Arthur and Merlin, 400-403.
La-om´e-don, King of Troy, 207.
Lap´i-thæ, Thessalonians, whose king had invited the Centaurs to his
  daughter’s wedding but who attacked them for offering violence to the
  bride, 127, 166.
La´res, household deities, 11.
Lark´spur, flower from the blood of Ajax, 228.
La-ti´nus, ruler of Latium, where Æneas landed in Italy, 276.
Lat´mos, Mount, where Diana fell in love with Endymion, 204.
La-to´na, mother of Apollo, 6, 36-38, 112, 113.
Launce´lot, the most famous knight of the Round Table, 424-434, 436,
  437-444, 446-448, 463, 465-466, 488, 491-494, 502-504, 507-514,
  521-525.
Lau´sus, son of Mezentius, killed by Æneas, 278, 285.
La-vin´i-a, daughter of Latinus and wife of Æneas, 276, 287.
La-vin´i-um, Italian city named for Lavinia, 287.
Law. _See_ Themis.
Le-an´der, a youth of Abydos, who, swimming the Hellespont to see Hero,
  his love, was drowned, 105-106.
Le-ba-de´a, site of the oracle of Trophonius, 298.
Le-byn´thos, Ægean island, 157.
Le´da, Queen of Sparta, wooed by Jupiter in the form of a swan, 109, 158.
Leir, mythical King of Britain, original of Shakespeare’s _Lear_, 383-384.
Le´laps, dog of Cephalus, 26, 35.
Lem´nos, large island in the Ægean Sea, sacred to Vulcan, 6, 130, 205,
  229.
Lem´u-res, the spectres or spirits of the dead, 11.
Le´o, Roman emperor, 409;
  Greek prince, 791, 793, 797, 801.
Le´the, river of Hades, drinking whose water caused forgetfulness, 72,
  271.
Leu-ca´dia, a promontory, whence Sappho, disappointed in love, was said to
  have thrown herself into the sea, 203.
Leu-co´the-a, a sea-goddess, invoked by sailors for protection (_See_
  Ino), 174.
Lew´is, son of Charlemagne, 825.
Li´ber, ancient god of fruitfulness, 10, 11.
Li-be´thra, burial-place of Orpheus, 187.
Lib´y-a, Greek name for continent of Africa in general, 145.
Lib´y-an Desert, in Africa, 44.
Lib´y-an Oasis, 296.
Li´chas, who brought the shirt of Nessus to Hercules, 148.
Li-mours´, Earl of, 580.
Li´nus, musical instructor of Hercules, 193.
Lion, constellation, 41.
Li´o-nel, knight of the Round Table, 424, 425, 430, 442, 443, 444,
  497-501, 510, 512.
Little Bear, constellation, 32-33, 42.
Llyr, King of Britain, 589.
Lo-crine´, son of Brutus in Albion, king of Central England, 381, 382.
Lo-e´gri-a, kingdom of (England), 450, 460, 468, 507.
Lo-ge-stil´la, a wise lady, who entertained Rogero and his friends, 731,
  739.
Lo´gi, who vanquished Loki in an eating-contest, 339.
Lo´ki, the Satan of Norse mythology, son of the giant Farbanti, 332, 334,
  335, 337, 339, 344-345, 346, 347, 349, 352, 354, 355.
Lo´mond, Lake, 405.
Lon´don, 381, 387, 402, 403-404.
Lot, King, a rebel chief, subdued by King Arthur, then a loyal knight,
  403, 405, 407, 414.
Lo´tis, a nymph, changed to a lotus plant and in that form plucked by
  Dryope (which _See_), 64.
Lo´tus-Eaters, soothed to indolence; companions of Ulysses landing among
  them lost all memory of home and had to be dragged away before they would
  continue their voyage, 237.
Love (Eros) issued from egg of Night, and with arrows and torch produced
  life and joy, 4.
Lu´can, one of Arthur’s knights, 512, 517-518.
Lu´cius Ti-be´ri-us, Roman procurator in Britain demanding tribute from
  Arthur, 409.
Lud, British king, whose capital was called Lud’s Town (London), 387.
Lud´gate, city gate where Lud was buried, 387.
Lu´ned, maiden who guided Owain to the Lady of the Fountain, 541-546, 552.
Lyc´a-has, a turbulent sailor, 162.
Ly-ca´on, son of Priam, 222.
Lyc´i-a, a district in Southern Asia Minor, 36, 124, 220.
Lyc-o-me´des, king of the Dolopians, who treacherously slew Theseus, 154,
  212.
Ly´cus, usurping King of Thebes, 192.
Lyn´ceus, one of the sons of Ægyptus, 158.

                                   M

Mab-i-no´ge-on, plural of _Mabinogi_; fairy tales and romances of the
  Welsh, 527-633.
Ma´bon, son of Modron, 619, 624.
Ma-cha´on, son of Æsculapius, 218, 219, 229.
Ma´dan, son of Guendolen, 382.
Ma´doc, a forester of King Arthur, 554.
Ma´dor, Scottish knight, 445-448.
Mael´gan, king who imprisoned Elphin, 628.
Mæ-o´ni-a, ancient Lydia, 162.
Ma´gi, Persian priests, 319.
Ma-ha-de´va, same as Siva (which _See_), 322.
Ma-hom´et, great prophet of Arabia, born in Mecca, 571 A.D., proclaimed
  worship of God instead of idols, spread his religion through disciples and
  then by force till it prevailed, with Arabian dominion, over vast regions
  in Asia, Africa, and Spain in Europe, 647.
Ma´ia, daughter of Atlas and Pleione, eldest and most beautiful of the
  Pleiades. 7.
Mail armour, 372.
Mal-a-gi´gi the Enchanter, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 656, 666,
  669-670, 673, 769, 804, 816-819.
Ma-le´a-gans, false knight, 436-441.
Mal-va´si-us, King of Iceland, 407.
Mam-bri´no, with invisible helmet, 780.
Man, creation of, 12.
Man-a-wyd´dan, brother of King Vran, of London, 589, 596, 597-605.
Man-dri-car´do, son of Agrican, 698-701, 753-755, 760, 765.
Man´tu-a, in Italy, birthplace of Virgil, 308.
Ma´nu, ancestor of mankind, 321.
Mar´a-thon, where Theseus and Pirithous met, 153.
Mark, King of Cornwall, husband of Isoude the Fair, 449, 450, 452, 468,
  471.
Mar´mo-ra, Sea of, 106.
Ma´ro. _See_ Virgil.
Mar-phi´sa, sister of Rogero, 765-768.
Mars, 6, 94, 107, 131, 216, 224.
Mar-sil´i-us, Spanish king, treacherous foe of Charlemagne, 801-813.
Mar´sy-as, inventor of the flute, who challenged Apollo to musical
  competition, and, defeated, was flayed alive, 193.
Mats´ya, the Fish, first avatar (which _See_) of Vishnu, 321.
Me-an´der, Grecian river, 44, 156.
Me-de´a, princess and sorceress who aided Jason, 117, 131, 132, 134-137,
  151, 152.
Med-i-ter-ra´ne-an Sea, 1, 233.
Me-do´ro, a young Moor, who wins Angelica, 745-752.
Me-du´sa, one of the Gorgons (which _See_), 116-117, 124.
Me-gæ´ra, one of the Furies (which _See_), 9.
Meg´a-ra, 98.
Me-lam´pus, a Spartan dog, 35;
  the first mortal endowed with prophetic powers, 193-194.
Me-lan´thus, steersman for Bacchus, 162.
Me-le-a´ger, one of the Argonauts (_See_ Althæa), 138-141.
Mel-i-a´dus, King of Lionesse, near Cornwall, 449.
Mel´i-cer´tes, infant son of Ino, changed to Palæmon (_See_ Ino,
  Leucothea, and Palæmon), 174.
Me-lis´sa, priestess at Merlin’s tomb, 716, 727-731, 738, 779.
Me-lis´se-us, a Cretan king, 179.
Mel-pom´e-ne, one of the Muses (which _See_), 8.
Mem´non, the beautiful son of Tithonus and Eos (Aurora), and king of the
  Ethiopians, slain in Trojan War, 120, 207, 208, 227.
Mem´phis, Egyptian city, 295, 299.
Men-e-la´us, son of King of Sparta, husband of Helen, 212, 213, 219, 221,
  232, 233, 289.
Men-œ´ceus, son of Creon, voluntary victim in war to gain success for his
  father, 183.
Men´tor, son of Alcimus and a faithful friend of Ulysses, 246.
Mer´cu-ry (_See_ Hermes), 7, 13, 29-31, 49, 56, 89, 116, 123, 129, 147,
  192, 214, 226, 242, 245, 251, 263, 301.
Mer´lin, enchanter, 389-393, 397, 399, 400, 401-403, 412, 413, 424, 467,
  475, 715.
Mer´o-pe, daughter of King of Chios, beloved by Orion, 205.
Mes´mer-ism, likened to curative oracle of Æsculapius at Epidaurus, 298.
Met´a-bus, father of Camilla, 278.
Met´a-mor´pho-ses, Ovid’s poetical legends of mythical transformations, a
  large source of our knowledge of classic mythology, 309.
Met-a-ni´ra, a mother, kind to Ceres seeking Proserpine, 54.
Me-temp´sy-cho´sis, transmigration of souls—rebirth of dying men and women
  in forms of animals or human beings, 272.
Me´tis, Prudence, a spouse of Jupiter, 5.
Me-zen´ti-us, a brave but cruel soldier, opposing Æneas in Italy, 278,
  281, 285, 286.
Mi´das, 46-48.
Mid´gard, the middle world of the Norsemen, 329, 330, 348.
Mid´gard serpent, a sea-monster, child of Loki, 332, 344, 349.
Milky Way, starred path across the sky, believed to be road to palace of
  the gods, 15.
Mi´lo, a great athlete, 292.
Mi´lon, father of Orlando, 656.
Mil´ton, John, great English poet, whose History of England is here
  largely used, 378.
Mi´me, one of the chief dwarfs of ancient German mythology, 354, 356.
Mi-ner´va (Athene), daughter of Jupiter, patroness of health, learning,
  and wisdom, 3, 4, 7, 13, 50, 53, 107-111, 116, 117, 123, 124, 125, 147,
  153, 154, 157, 183, 193, 211, 216, 229, 230, 235, 246, 247, 248, 249, 250,
  251, 254;
  statue of, 304.
Mi´nos, King of Crete, 95, 98-100, 152, 154, 156, 165, 268.
Min´o-taur, monster killed by Theseus, 152.
Mis´tle-toe, fatal to Baldur, 344, 360.
Mne-mos´y-ne, one of the Muses (which _See_), 4, 8.
Modesty, statue to, 184.
Mo´dred, nephew of King Arthur, 395, 409, 508, 515-518.
Mo´ly, plant, powerful against sorcery, 242.
Mo´mus, a deity whose delight was to jeer bitterly at gods and men, 9.
Mon´ad, the “unit” of Pythagoras, 289.
Monsters, unnatural beings, evilly disposed to men, 122-129.
Mont-al´ban, Rinaldo’s castle, 664.
Month, the, attendant upon the Sun, 39.
Moon, 3, 5, 41, 43;
  goddess of, _see_ Diana.
Mo-raunt´, knight, an Irish champion, 450, 468.
Mor-ga´na, enchantress, the Lady of the Lake in “Orlando Furioso,” same as
  Morgane Le Fay in tales of Arthur, 414, 689, 690-692, 869.
Mor-gane´ le Fay, Queen of Norway, King Arthur’s sister, an enchantress,
  426-427, 521.
Mor´gan Tud, Arthur’s chief physician, 566.
Mor´pheus, son of Sleep and god of dreams, 72, 73.
Morte d’Arthur, romance, by Sir Thomas Mallory, 378.
Mul´ci-ber, Latin name of Vulcan, 10.
Mull, Island of, 362.
Mu´nin, one of Odin’s two ravens, 130.
Mu-sæ´us, sacred poet, son of Orpheus, 194.
Mu´ses, The, nine goddesses presiding over poetry, etc.—Calliope, epic
  poetry; Clio, history; Erato, love poetry; Euterpe, lyric poetry;
  Melpomene, tragedy; Polyhymnia, oratory and sacred song; Terpsichore,
  choral song and dance; Thalia, comedy and idyls; Urania, astronomy, 3, 8,
  43, 124, 126, 187, 193.
Mus´pel-heim, the fire-world of the Norsemen, 349.
My-ce´næ, ancient Grecian city, of which Agamemnon was king, 213, 235.
Myrd´din (Merlin), 531.
Myr´mi-dons, bold soldiers of Achilles, 95-98, 219.
Mys´i-a, Greek district on northwest coast of Asia Minor, 130, 133.
Mythology, origin of, collected myths, describing gods of early peoples,
  300-303.

                                   N

Na´iads, water-nymphs, 36, 45, 167, 174, 178, 209.
Na´mo, Duke of Bavaria, one of Charlemagne’s knights, 656, 827 ff.
Nan´na, wife of Baldur, 347.
Nan´ters, British king, 403.
Nantes, site of Caradoc’s castle, 419.
Na´pe, a dog of Diana, 35.
Nar-cis´sus, who died of unsatisfied love for his own image in the water,
  101-103.
Nau-sic´a-a, daughter of King Alcinoüs, who befriended Ulysses, 248, 249.
Nau-sith´o-us, king of Phæacians, 247, 248.
Nax´os, Island of, 152, 163, 165.
Ne´gus, King of Abyssinia, 328.
Ne-me´a, forest devastated by a lion killed by Hercules, 144, 155.
Ne-me´an Games, held in honor of Jupiter and Hercules, 155.
Ne-me´an Lion, killed by Hercules, 144.
Nem´e-sis, goddess of vengeance, 9.
Nen´ni-us, British combatant of Cæsar, 387.
Ne-op-tol´e-mus, son of Achilles, 233.
Ne-pen´the, ancient drug to cause forgetfulness of pain or distress, 233.
Neph´e-le, mother of Phryxus and Helle, 34, 129.
Neph´thys, Egyptian goddess, 294.
Nep´tune, identical with Poseidon, god of the sea, 4, 5, 16, 44, 107, 109,
  132, 144, 154, 171, 172, 173, 174, 190, 199, 205, 216, 217, 218, 223, 230,
  244, 252, 261, 264, 297, 379.
Ne´re-ids, sea-nymphs, daughters of Nereus and Doris, 44, 167, 173, 196.
Ne´re-us, a sea-god, 44, 173, 174, 209.
Nes´sus, a centaur killed by Hercules, whose jealous wife sent him a robe
  or shirt steeped in the blood of Nessus, which poisoned him, 147.
Nes´tor, king of Pylos, renowned for his wisdom, justice, and knowledge of
  war, 130, 138, 139, 208, 213, 217, 218, 219, 353.
Ni´be-lun´gen Hoard, treasure seized by Siegfried from the Nibelungs,
  buried in the Rhine by Hagan after killing Siegfried, and lost when Hagan
  was killed by Kriemhild; theme of Wagner’s four music-dramas, “The Ring of
  the Nibelungen,” 353.
Ni´be-lun´gen Lied, German epic, giving the same nature-myth as the Norse
  Volsunga Saga, concerning the Hoard, 352, 354.
Ni´be-lun´gen Ring, Wagner’s music-dramas, 354-357.
Ni´be-lungs, the, a race of Northern dwarfs, 353, 354.
Nid´hogge, a serpent in the lower world that lives on the dead, 330.
Niffle´heim, mist world of the Norsemen; the Hades of absent spirits, 330,
  333, 335, 348.
Night, 4, 42, 208.
Nile, Egyptian river, 31, 44.
Nim´rod, tower of, 301.
Ni´nus, Tomb of, 24.
Ni´o-be, daughter of Tantalus, proud Queen of Thebes, whose seven sons and
  seven daughters were killed by Apollo and Diana, at which Amphion, her
  husband, killed himself, and Niobe wept until she was turned to stone,
  111-115.
Ni´sus, King of Megara, 98-101, 282, 283, 284.
No´ah, as legendary ancestor of French, Roman, German, and British
  peoples, 379.
No´man, name assumed by Ulysses, 239.
Norns, the three Scandinavian Fates, Urdur (the past), Verdandi (the
  present), and Skuld (the future), 330.
Northern Mythology, 328-357.
No´thung, magic sword, 355, 356.
No´tus, southwest wind, 176.
Nox, daughter of Chaos and sister of Erebus; personification of night, 4.
Nu´ma, second king of Rome, 11, 175.
Nymphs, beautiful maidens, lesser divinities of nature: Dryads and
  Hamadryads, tree-nymphs; Naiads, spring-, brook-, and river-nymphs;
  Nereids, sea-nymphs; Oreads, mountain- or hill-nymphs, 44, 79, 208.
Ny-sæ´an nymphs, 160.

                                   O

Ocean, 2, 44, 273.
O-ce´a-nus, a Titan, ruling watery elements, 4, 32, 59, 172, 174.
O-cyr´o-e, a prophetess, daughter of Chiron, 127.
Od´e-ric, 743.
O´din, chief of the Norse gods, 329, 330, 331, 344, 347, 349, 351.
Od´yar, famous Biscayan hero, 570.
O-dys´seus. _See_ Ulysses.
Od´ys-sey, Homer’s poem, relating the wanderings of Odysseus (Ulysses) on
  returning from Trojan War, 3, 227, 236.
Œd´i-pus, Theban hero, who guessed the riddle of the Sphinx (which _See_),
  becoming King of Thebes, 123-124, 182.
Œ´neus, King of Calydon, 138, 140.
Œ-no´ne, nymph, married by Paris in his youth, and abandoned for Helen,
  229.
Œ-no´pi-on, King of Chios, 205.
Œ´ta, Mount, scene of Hercules’ death, 148.
O-gier´, the Dane, one of the paladins of Charlemagne, 653-654, 656,
  848-872.
Ol´i-ver, companion of Orlando, 657, 659-660, 783-788, 789.
Ol´wen, wife of Kilwich, 609, 615.
O-lym´pia, a small plain in Elis, where the Olympic games were celebrated,
  155.
O-lym´pi-ads, periods between Olympic games (four years), 155.
O-lym´pi-an games, 155.
  _See_ Games.
O-lym´pus, dwelling-place of the dynasty of gods of which Zeus was the
  head, 1, 3, 5, 43, 94, 218, 280.
Om´pha-le, queen of Lydia, daughter of Iardanus and wife of Tmolus, 147.
O-phi´on, king of the Titans, who ruled Olympus till dethroned by the gods
  Saturn and Rhea, 4, 5.
Ops. _See_ Rhea.
Or´a-cles, answers from the gods to questions from seekers for knowledge
  or advice for the future, usually in equivocal form, so as to fit any
  event; also places where such answers were given forth, usually by a
  priest or priestess, 296-300.
Orc, a sea-monster, foiled by Rogero when about to devour Angelica,
  732-735.
O´re-ads, nymphs of mountains and hills, 167, 170.
O-res´tes, son of Agamemnon and Clytemnestra; because of his crime in
  killing his mother, he was pursued by the Furies until purified by
  Minerva, 234, 235.
O-ri´on, youthful giant, loved by Diana; Constellation, 122, 205-206.
Or-i-thy´i-a, a nymph, seized by Boreas, 176.
Or-lan´do, a famous knight and nephew of Charlemagne, 656-658, 659-660,
  666, 667, 668, 669, 674-675, 676, 678-683, 685-693, 704, 705, 737, 740,
  742-745, 753-759, 763, 773, 782, 783-788, 789-792, 803-813.
Or´muzd (Greek, Oromasdes), son of Supreme Being, source of good as his
  brother Ahriman (Arimanes) was of evil, in Persian or Zoroastrian
  religion, 318.
Or´pheus, musician, son of Apollo and Calliope, 130, 133, 158, 185-188,
  191, 194, 271.
  _See_ Eurydice.
O-si´ris, the most beneficent of the Egyptian gods, 292, 293-294.
Os´sa, mountain of Thessaly, 43, 123.
Os´sian, Celtic poet of the second or third century, 361.
Ov´id, Latin poet (_See_ Metamorphoses), 98, 275, 289, 308.
O-wain´, knight at King Arthur’s court, 534, 539-546, 548-549, 550-553.
O-zan´na, a knight of Arthur, 435.

                                   P

Pac-to´lus, river whose sands were changed to gold by Midas (which _See_),
  47.
Pæ´on, a name for both Apollo and Æsculapius, gods of medicine, 174.
Pa´gans, heathen, 12.
Pal´a-dins or peers, knights errant, 656.
Pa-læ´mon, son of Athamas and Ino (which _See_), 174.
Pal-a-me´des, messenger sent to call Ulysses to the Trojan War, 212.
Pal-a-me´des, Saracen prince at Arthur’s court, 451, 455, 464, 472, 474,
  510.
Pal´a-tine, one of Rome’s Seven Hills, 281.
Pa´les, goddess presiding over cattle and pastures, 10, 11.
Pal-i-nu´rus, faithful steersman of Æneas, 264, 267.
Pal-la´di-um, properly any image of Pallas Athene, but specially applied
  to an image at Troy, which was stolen by Ulysses and Diomedes, 229,
  232.
Pal´las, son of Evander, 279, 280, 281, 282, 286, 287.
Pal´las A-the´ne (Minerva), 7, 81, 224, 249.
Pam´pha-gus, a dog of Diana, 35.
Pan, god of nature and the universe, 9, 30, 31, 47, 76, 166-168.
Pan-ath-e-næ´a, festival in honor of Pallas Athene (Minerva), 154.
Pan-de´an Pipes, musical instrument of reeds, made by Pan in memory of
  Syrinx (which _See_).
Pan-do´ra (all-gifted), first woman, dowered with gifts by every god, yet
  entrusted with a box she was cautioned not to open; but, curious, she
  opened it, and out flew all the ills of humanity, leaving behind only
  Hope, which remained, 13-14, 17, 18.
Pan-dra´sus, a king in Greece, who persecuted Trojan exiles under Brutus,
  great-grandson of Æneas, until they fought, captured him, and, with his
  daughter Imogen as Brutus’ wife, emigrated to Albion (later called
  Britain), 379-380.
Pan´o-pe, plain of, 92, 113.
Pan´thus, alleged earlier incarnation of Pythagoras, 289.
Paph´la-go´ni-a, ancient country in Asia Minor, south of Black Sea, 208.
Pa´phos, daughter of Pygmalion and Galatea (both of which, _See_), 63, 66.
Par´cæ. _See_ Fates.
Pa-ri´ahs, lowest caste of Hindus, 324.
Par´is, son of Priam and Hecuba, who eloped with Helen (which _See_), 211,
  212, 213, 216, 218, 228, 229, 232, 261, 405.
Par-nas-sian laurel, wreath from Parnassus, crown awarded to successful
  poets, 47.
Par-nas´sus, mountain near Delphi, sacred to Apollo and the Muses, 16, 19,
  20, 43, 297.
Par´sees, Persian fire-worshippers (Zoroastrians), of whom there are still
  thousands in Persia and India, 320.
Par´the-non, the temple of Athene Parthenos (“the Virgin”) on the
  Acropolis of Athens, 155, 304.
Passe-breul´, Tristram’s horse, 462.
Pa-tro´clus, friend of Achilles, killed by Hector, 218, 219, 220, 221,
  225.
Pe´cheur, King, uncle of Perceval, 483.
Peers, the, 656.
Peg´a-sus, winged horse, born from the sea-foam and the blood of Medusa,
  124-126.
Pe´leus, king of the Myrmidons, father of Achilles by Thetis, 138, 173,
  211.
Pe´li-as, usurping uncle of Jason, 130, 132, 136, 180.
Pe´li-on, mountain, 123, 133.
Pel´le-as, knight of Arthur, 435.
Pe-na´tes, protective household deities of the Romans, 11.
Pen´drag-on, King of Britain, elder brother of Uther-Pendragon (which
  _See_), who succeeded him, 389-390, 394, 396, 397.
Pe-nel´o-pe, wife of Ulysses, who, waiting twenty years for his return
  from the Trojan War, put off the suitors for her hand by promising to
  choose one when her weaving was done, but unravelled at night what she had
  woven by day, 77, 184, 185, 212, 254, 256.
Pe-ne´us, river god, 20;
  river, 144.
Pen-the-si-le´a, queen of Amazons, 228.
Pen´the-us, king of Thebes; having resisted the introduction of the
  worship of Bacchus into his kingdom, was driven mad by the god, 94, 161,
  164.
Pe´nus, Roman house pantry, giving name to the Penates, 11.
Pep´in, father of Charlemagne, 650.
Pep´lus, sacred robe of Minerva, 155.
Per´ce-val, a great knight of Arthur, 479-485, 494-497, 504-506, 507, 570.
Per´dix, inventor of saw and compasses, 157.
Per´i-an´der, King of Corinth, friend of Arion, 195-198.
Per-i-phe´tes, son of Vulcan, killed by Theseus, 151.
Per-seph´o-ne, goddess of vegetation, 8.
  _See_ Proserpine.
Per´seus, son of Jupiter and Danaë, slayer of the Gorgon Medusa, deliverer
  of Andromeda from a sea-monster, 116-122, 124, 202.
Phæ-a´ci-ans, people who entertained Ulysses, 247-253.
Phæ´dra, faithless and cruel wife of Theseus, 153-154.
Pha-ë-thu´sa, sister of Phaëton, 244.
Pha-ë-ton, son of Phœbus, who dared attempt to drive his father’s
  sun-chariot, 38-45.
Phan´ta-sos, a son of Somnus, bringing strange images to sleeping men, 72.
Pha´on, beloved by Sappho, 203.
Phe´lot, knight of Wales, 433-434.
Pher´e-din, friend of Tristram, unhappy lover of Isoude, 457, 458.
Phid´i-as, famous Greek sculptor, 303, 304, 305.
Phi-le´mon, husband of Baucis (which _See_), 49-51.
Phil-oc-te´tes, warrior who lighted the fatal pyre of Hercules, 148, 229.
Phil´o-e, burial-place of Osiris, 294.
Phin´e-us, betrothed to Andromeda, 120-121, 130, 131, 259.
Phleg´e-thon, fiery river of Hades, 269.
Pho´cis, 234, 235, 297.
Phœ´be, one of the sisters of Phaëton, 91.
Phœ´bus (Apollo), god of music, prophecy, and archery, the sun-god, 6, 22,
  34, 38, 39-41, 68, 71, 92, 220.
Phœ-ni´cia, 91, 233, 294, 301.
Phœ-ni´ci-ans, 94, 296, 358.
Phœ´nix, a messenger to Achilles, 217;
  also, a miraculous bird, dying in fire by its own act and springing up
    alive from its own ashes, 310-312.
Phor´bas, a companion of Æneas, whose form was assumed by Neptune in
  luring Palinuras the helmsman from his post, 264.
Phryg´i-a, 48, 49, 112, 160.
Phryx´us, brother of Helle (which _See_), 130.
Pin´a-bel, knight, 713.
Pillars of Hercules, two mountains—Cal´pè, now the Rock of Gibraltar,
  southwest corner of Spain in Europe, and Ab´y-la, facing it in Africa
  across the strait, 145.
Pin´dar, famous Greek poet, 273.
Pin´dus, Grecian mountain, 43.
Pi-re´ne, celebrated fountain at Corinth, 125.
Pi-rith´o-us, king of the Lapithæ in Thessaly, and friend of Theseus,
  husband of Hippodamia (which _See_), 127, 138, 153, 158, 166.
Pleasure, daughter of Cupid and Psyche, 89.
Ple´ia-des, seven of Diana’s nymphs, changed into stars, one being lost,
  206, 208.
Plenty, the Horn of, 178-179.
Plex-ip´pus, brother of Althea, 139.
Plin´y, Roman naturalist, 313, 315, 317.
Plu´to, the same as Hades, Dis, etc.; god of the Infernal Regions, 5, 8,
  9, 52-56, 58, 88, 127, 135, 147, 153, 180, 186, 265, 267.
Plu´tus, god of wealth, 9.
Po, Italian river, 271.
Pole-star, 33.
Po-li´tes, youngest son of Priam of Troy, 232.
Pol´lux, Castor and (Dioscuri, the Twins) (_See_ Castor), 133, 158-159,
  202, 203.
Pol-y-dec´tes, king of Seriphus, 116, 202.
Pol-y-do´re, slain kinsman of Æneas; whose blood nourished a bush that
  bled when broken, 258.
Pol-y-hym´ni-a, Muse of oratory and sacred song, 8.
Po-ly´i-dus, soothsayer, 125.
Pol-y-ni´ces, King of Thebes, 182, 183.
Pol-y-phe´mus, giant son of Neptune, 173, 209, 237, 238, 260.
Po-lyx´e-na, daughter of King Priam of Troy, 228, 232.
Po-mo´na, goddess of fruit-trees (_See_ Vertumnus), 10, 11, 26, 76-79.
Por´rex and Fer´rex, sons of Leir, King of Britain, 385.
Por-tu´nus, Roman name for Palæmon (which _See_), 174.
Po-sei´don (Neptune), ruler of the ocean, 5.
Poverty, 266.
Prec´i-pice, threshold of Helas hall, 333.
Pres´ter John, a rumored priest or presbyter, a Christian pontiff in Upper
  Asia, believed in but never found, 327-328.
Pri´am, king of Troy, 207, 213, 223, 224, 225, 226, 228, 232.
Pri´wen, Arthur’s shield, 400.
Pro´cris, beloved but jealous wife of Cephalus, 26-28.
Pro-crus´tes, who seized travellers and bound them on his iron bed,
  stretching the short ones and cutting short the tall; thus also himself
  served by Theseus, 151.
Prœ´tus, jealous of Bellerophon, 125.
Pro-me´theus, creator of man, who stole fire from heaven for man’s use,
  12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 173.
Pros´er-pine, the same as Persephone, goddess of all growing things,
  daughter of Ceres, carried off by Pluto, 8, 11, 53-57, 88, 134 n., 147,
  186, 265, 266.
Pro-tes-i-la´us, slain by Hector the Trojan, allowed by the gods to return
  for three hours’ talk with his widow Laodomia, 214.
Pro´teus, the old man of the sea, 60, 173, 190-191.
Pru´dence (Metis), spouse of Jupiter, 5.
Pry´deri, son of Pwyll, 597-607.
Psy´che, a beautiful maiden, personification of the human soul, sought by
  Cupid (Love), to whom she responded, lost him by curiosity to see him (as
  he came to her only by night), but finally through his prayers was made
  immortal and restored to him; a symbol of immortality, 80-91.
Pu-ra´nas, Hindu Scriptures, 322.
Pwyll, Prince of Dyved, 583-588.
Pyg-ma´li-on, sculptor in love with a statue he had made, brought to life
  by Venus, 62-63;
  brother of Queen Dido, 262.
Pyg´mies, nation of dwarfs, at war with the Cranes, 128.
Py´la-des, son of Straphius, friend of Orestes, 234.
Pyr´a-mus, who loved Thisbe, next-door neighbor, and, their parents
  opposing, they talked through cracks in the house-wall, agreeing to meet
  in the near-by woods; where Pyramus, finding a bloody veil and thinking
  Thisbe slain, killed himself, and she, seeing his body, killed herself.
  (Burlesqued in Shakespeare’s “Midsummer Night’s Dream”), 23-26.
Pyr´rha, wife of Deucalion (which _See_), 16-17.
Pyr´rhus (Neoptolemus), son of Achilles, 232.
Py-thag´o-ras, Greek philosopher (540 B.C.), who thought numbers to be the
  essence and principle of all things, and taught transmigration of souls of
  the dead into new life as human or animal beings, 288.
Pyth´i-a, priestess of Apollo at Delphi, 297.
Pyth´i-an Games, 19, 155.
Pyth´i-an Oracle, 84.
Py´thon, serpent springing from Deluge slum, destroyed by Apollo, 19.

                                   Q

Qui-ri´nus (from _quiris_, a lance or spear), a war god, said to be
  Romulus, founder of Rome, 10.

                                   R

Rab´i-can, noted horse, 684, 685, 730, 739, 740, 741, 766.
Rag-na-rok´, the twilight (or ending) of the gods, 348-349.
Raj´puts, minor Hindu caste, 324.
Re´gan, daughter of Leir, 383-384.
Re-gil´lus, lake in Latium, noted for battle fought near by between the
  Romans and the Latins, 158.
Reg´gi-o, family from which Rogero sprang, 698.
Re´mus, brother of Romulus, founder of Rome, 287.
Rhad-a-man´thus, son of Jupiter and Europa, after his death one of the
  judges in the lower world, 269, 273.
Rhap´so-dist, professional reciter of poems among the Greeks, 307.
Rhe´a, female Titan, wife of Saturn (Cronos), mother of the chief gods,
  worshipped in Greece and Rome, 4, 5, 8, 143, 161, 179.
Rhine, river, 353, 355, 357.
Rhine-maidens, or daughters, three water-nymphs, Flosshilda, Woglinda, and
  Wellgunda, set to guard the Nibelungen Hoard (which _See_), buried in the
  Rhine, 354, 355.
Rhodes, one of the seven cities claiming to be Homer’s birthplace, 307.
Rho´do-pe, mountain in Thrace, 43.
Rhon´gom-yant, Arthur’s lance, 612.
Rhœ´cus, a youth, beloved by a Dryad, but who brushed away a bee sent by
  her to call him to her, and she punished him with blindness, 172.
Rhi-an´non, wife of Pwyll, 584-588.
Ri-nal´do, one of the bravest knights of Charlemagne, 653, 656, 660-664,
  668, 670-672, 673, 683-686, 692-693, 695, 703, 705, 708-711, 745, 768-769,
  780-781, 789-792, 814-825.
River Ocean, flowing around the earth, 2.
Robert de Beau-vais´, Norman poet (1257), 377.
Rob´in Hood, famous outlaw in English legend, about time of Richard Cœur
  de Lion, 643-646.
Rock´ing-ham, forest of, 399.
Ro´do-mont, king of Algiers, 693, 695-697, 761.
Ro-ge´ro, noted Saracen knight, 693-698, 702, 721-727, 728-731, 733, 740,
  764, 765, 779-781, 788-801.
Ro´land (Orlando), 651-652, 653. _See_ Orlando.
Romances, 374-378.
Ro-ma´nus, legendary great-grandson of Noah, 379.
Rome, 262, 287, 298.
Rom´u-lus, founder of Rome, 10, 287.
Ron, Arthur’s lance, 400.
Ronces-valles´, battle of, 651-652, 801-803.
Round Table, King Arthur’s, instituted by Merlin the Sage for Pendragon,
  Arthur’s father, as a knightly order, continued and made famous by Arthur
  and his knights, 396, 397, 410, 467.
Ru´nic characters, or runes, alphabetic signs used by early Teutonic
  peoples, written or graved on metal or stone, 330, 350.
Ru-tu´li-ans, an ancient people in Italy, subdued at an early period by
  the Romans, 276, 279, 281, 282.
Ry´ence, king in Ireland, 401.

                                   S.

Sa´bra, maiden for whom Severn River was named, daughter of Locrine and
  Estrildis, thrown into river Severn by Locrine’s wife, transformed to a
  river-nymph, poetically named Sabrina, 174, 381.
Sac´ri-pant, king of Circassia, 674-676, 706-710.
Saf´fire, Sir, knight of Arthur, 510.
Sa´gas, Norse tales of heroism, composed by the Skalds (which _See_),
  351-357.
Sa-git-ta´ri-us, 128.
Sag´ra-mour, knight of Arthur, 432.
St. John, 772-777.
St. Michael’s Mount, precipitous pointed rock-hill on the coast of
  Brittany, opposite Cornwall, 410.
Sak-ya-sin´ha, the Lion, epithet applied to Buddha, 325.
Sal´a-man´der, a lizard-like animal, fabled to be able to live in fire,
  316-317.
Sal´a-mis, Grecian city, 79, 307.
Sal-mo´neus, son of Æolus and Enarete, and brother of Sisyphus, 269.
Sal´o-mon, king of Brittany, at Charlemagne’s court, 656.
Samh´in, or “fire of peace,” a Druidical festival, 359.
Sa´mi-an sage (Pythagoras), 288.
Sa´mos, island in the Ægean Sea, 157, 288.
Sam-o-thra´cian gods, a group of agricultural divinities, worshipped in
  Samothrace, 158.
Sam´son, Hebrew hero, thought by some to be original of Hercules, 301.
San-greal (_See_ Graal, the Holy), 486.
Sapph´o, Greek poetess, who leaped into the sea from promontory of
  Leucadia, in disappointed love for Phaon, 38, 203.
Sa´ra-cens, followers of Mahomet, 648.
Sar-pe´don, son of Jupiter and Europa, killed by Patroclus, 213, 220.
Sat´urn (Cronos), 4, 5, 8, 9, 10, 276, 280, 281, 301.
Sat´ur-na´li-a, annual festival held by Romans in honor of Saturn, 9.
Sa-tur´ni-a, an ancient name of Italy, 281.
Sa´tyrs, male divinities of the forest, half man, half goat, 9, 10, 76.
Scal´i-ger, famous German scholar of 16th century, 313.
Scan-di-na´vi-a, mythology of, giving account of Northern gods, heroes,
  etc., 328-351.
Sche´ri-a, mythical island, abode of the Phæacians, 243.
Schrim´nir, the boar, cooked nightly for the heroes of Valhalla, becoming
  whole every morning, 331.
Sci´o, one of the island cities claiming to be Homer’s birthplace, 307.
Sco´pas, King of Thessaly, 202, 203.
Scor´pion, constellation, 41, 43.
Scyl´la, sea-nymph beloved by Glaucus, but changed by jealous Circe to a
  monster and finally to a dangerous rock on the Sicilian coast, facing the
  whirlpool Charybdis, many mariners being wrecked between the two, 59-61,
  243-245, 261;
  also, daughter of King Nisus of Megara, who loved Minos, besieging her
    father’s city, but he disliked her disloyalty and drowned her,
    98-101;
  also, a fair virgin of Sicily, friend of sea-nymph Galatea, 209-210.
Scy´ros, where Theseus was slain, 154.
Scyth´i-a, country lying north of Euxine Sea, 31, 43, 129, 170.
Sea, the, 1.
Sea-nymphs, 120, 209.
Sea´sons, 3, 6.
Sem´e-le, daughter of Cadmus and, by Jupiter, mother of Bacchus, 8, 94,
  160.
Se-mir´a-mis, with Ninus the mythical founder of the Assyrian empire of
  Nineveh, 23.
Sen´a-pus, King of Abyssinia, who entertained Astolpho, 770.
Se-ra´pis, or Hermes, Egyptian divinity of Tartarus and of medicine, 293,
  295.
Serfs, slaves of the land, 371.
Se-ri´phus, island in the Ægean Sea; one of the Cyclades, 116, 202.
Serpent (Northern constellation), 42.
Ses´tos, dwelling of Hero (which _See_, also Leander), 105.
“Seven against Thebes,” famous Greek expedition, 182.
Sev´ern river, in England, 382.
Sev´i-nus, Duke of Guienne, 825.
Sha-lott´, the Lady of, 441 ff.
Sha-tri´ya, Hindu warrior caste, 323, 324.
Sher´as-min, French chevalier, 833-846.
Sib´yl, prophetess of Cumæ, 265, 266-275.
Si-chæ´us, husband of Dido (which _See_), 262.
Sic´i-ly, 55, 56, 58, 61, 195, 209, 260, 261, 264.
Siege Per´i-lous, the chair of purity at Arthur’s Round Table, fatal to
  any but him who was destined to achieve the quest of the Sangreal (_See_
  Galahad), 488.
Sieg´fried, young King of the Netherlands, husband of Kriemhild; she
  boasted to Brunhild that Siegfried had aided Günther to beat her in
  athletic contests, thus winning her as wife, and Brunhild, in anger,
  employed Hagan to murder Siegfried. As hero of Wagner’s “Valkyrie,” he
  wins the Nibelungen treasure-ring, loves and deserts Brunhild, and is
  slain by Hagan, 352, 353, 355, 356-357.
Sieg-lin´da, wife of Hunding, mother of Siegfried by Siegmund, 355,
  356-357.
Sieg´mund, father of Siegfried, 355.
Sig´tryg, Prince, betrothed of King Alef’s daughter, aided by Hereward,
  642.
Si-gu´na, wife of Loki, 347.
Si-le´nus, a Satyr, school-master of Bacchus, 46.
Si-lu´res (South Wales), 375, 394.
Silver Age, 14.
Sil´vi-a, daughter of Latin shepherd, 277.
Sil´vi-us, grandson of Æneas, accidentally killed in the chase by his son
  Brutus, 379.
Si-mon´i-des, an early poet of Greece, 201-203.
Si´non, a Greek spy, who persuaded the Trojans to take the Wooden Horse
  (which _See_) into their city, 230, 231.
Si´rens, sea-nymphs, whose singing charmed mariners to leap into the sea;
  passing their island, Ulysses stopped the ears of his sailors with wax,
  and had himself bound to the mast so that he could hear but not yield to
  their music, 242.
Sir´i-us, the dog of Orion, changed to the Dog-star, 206.
Sis´y-phus, condemned in Tartarus to perpetually roll up hill a big rock
  which, when the top was reached, rolled down again, 186, 270.
Si´va, the Destroyer, third person of the Hindu triad of gods, 320, 322.
Skalds, Norse bards and poets, 350.
Skid-blad´nir, Freyr’s ship, 348.
Skir´nir, Frey’s messenger, who won the god’s magic sword by getting him
  Gerda for his wife, 336.
Skry´mir, a giant, Utgard Loki (which _See_) in disguise, who fooled Thor
  in athletic feats, 337.
Skuld, the Norn of the Future, 330.
Sleep, twin brother of Death, 220.
Sleip´nir, Odin’s horse, 345.
So-bri´no, councillor to Agramant, 693, 784-785, 789.
Som´nus, child of Nox, twin brother of Mors, god of sleep, 71-72, 264.
Soph´o-cles, Greek tragic dramatist, 235.
South wind. _See_ Notus.
Spar´ta, capital of Lacedæmon, 158, 212, 233.
Sphinx, a monster, waylaying the road to Thebes and propounding riddles to
  all passers, on pain of death for wrong guessing, who killed herself in
  rage when Ædipus guessed aright, 122, 123-124.
Spring, 39, 56.
Stone´henge, circle of huge upright stones, fabled to be sepulchre of
  Pendragon, 397.
Stro´phi-us, father of Pylades, 234.
Styg´i-an realm, Hades, 186.
Styg´i-an sleep, escaped from the beauty-box sent from Hades to Venus by
  hand of Psyche, who curiously opened the box and was plunged into
  unconsciousness, 89.
Styx, river, bordering Hades, to be crossed by all the dead, 160, 228.
Su´dras, Hindu laboring caste, 323, 324.
Summer, 39.
Sun, 3, 5, 39, 311.
Sur´tur, leader of giants against the gods in the day of their destruction
  (Norse mythology), 349.
Sur´ya, Hindu god of the sun, corresponding to the Greek Helios, 321.
Su´tri, Orlando’s birthplace, 656.
Sva-dil-fa´ri, giant’s horse, 334, 335.
Swan, Leda and, 158.
Syb´a-ris, Greek city in Southern Italy, famed for luxury, 292.
Syl-va´nus, Latin divinity identified with Pan, 76, 166.
Sym-pleg´a-des, floating rocks passed by the Argonauts, 131.
Sy´rinx, nymph, pursued by Pan, but escaping by being changed to a bunch
  of reeds (_See_ Pandean pipes), 30.

                                   T

Tac´i-tus, Roman historian, 311.
Tæn´a-rus, Greek entrance to lower regions, 186.
Ta´gus, river in Spain and Portugal, 44.
Tal´ie-sin, Welsh bard, 531, 627-633.
Tan´a-is, ancient name of river Don, 44.
Tan´ta-lus, wicked king, punished in Hades by standing in water that
  retired when he would drink, under fruit-trees that withdrew when he would
  eat, 112, 186, 270.
Tar´chon, Etruscan chief, 282.
Ta-ren´tum, Italian city, 197.
Tar-pe´ian rock, in Rome, from which condemned criminals were hurled, 280.
Tar´quins, a ruling family in early Roman legend, 275.
Tau´ris, Grecian city, site of temple of Diana (_See_ Iphigenia), 214,
  234.
Tau´rus, a mountain, 43.
Tar´ta-rus, place of confinement of Titans, etc., originally a black abyss
  below Hades; later, represented as place where the wicked were punished,
  and sometimes the name used as synonymous with Hades, 5, 44, 52, 53, 73,
  186, 187, 269, 293.
Teir´tu, the harp of, 618.
Tel´a-mon, Greek hero and adventurer, father of Ajax, 98, 138, 139.
Te-lem´a-chus, son of Ulysses and Penelope, 212, 233, 246, 254, 255, 256,
  257.
Tel´lus, another name for Rhea, 134.
Ten´e-dos, an island in Ægean Sea, 21.
Ter´mi-nus, Roman divinity presiding over boundaries and frontiers, 10.
Terp-sich´o-re, Muse of dancing, 8.
Ter´ra, goddess of the earth, 146.
Te´thys, goddess of the sea, 32, 40, 59, 172, 174.
Teu´cer, ancient king of the Trojans, 78.
Tha-li´a, one of the three Graces (which _See_), 8.
Tham´y-ris, Thracian bard, who challenged the Muses to competition in
  singing, and, defeated, was blinded, 193.
Thaukt, Loki disguised as a hag, 346.
Thebes, city founded by Cadmus, and capital of Bœotia, 11, 92, 94, 111,
  112, 123, 124, 161, 182, 183, 192, 296.
The´mis, female Titan, law-counsellor of Jove, 4, 7, 9, 15 n., 297.
The-o-do´ra, sister of Prince Leo, 794, 800.
The´ron, one of Diana’s dogs, 35.
Ther-si´tes, a brawler, killed by Achilles, 228.
Thes´ce-lus, foe of Perseus, turned to stone by sight of Gorgon’s head,
  121.
The-se´um, Athenian temple in honor of Theseus, 154.
The´se-us, son of Ægeus and Æthra, King of Athens, a great hero of many
  adventures, 130, 136, 138, 139, 147, 150-157, 158, 165, 177.
Thes´saly, 3, 69, 129, 130, 132, 170, 202.
Thes´ti-us, father of Althea (which _See_), 140.
The´tis, mother of Achilles, 173, 174, 211, 212, 216, 221, 222, 225, 228.
Thi´al-fi, Thor’s servant, 337, 340.
This´be, Babylonian maiden beloved by Pyramus (which _See_), 23-26.
Thor, the thunderer, of Norse mythology, most popular of the gods, 331,
  332, 334, 335, 337-343, 349, 352.
Thrace, 31, 130, 258.
Thri-na´ki-a, island pasturing Hyperion’s cattle, where Ulysses landed,
  but, his men killing some cattle for food, their ship was wrecked by
  lightning, 244.
Thrym, giant, who buried Thor’s hammer, 335.
Thu-cyd´i-des, Greek historian, 98.
Ti´ber, river flowing through Rome, 276, 299.
Tiber, Father, god of the river, 279.
Ti´gris, river, 35.
Tin-ta´del, castle of, residence of King Mark of Cornwall, 450.
Ti-re´si-as, a Greek soothsayer, 183.
Ti-siph´o-ne, one of the Furies (which _See_), 9, 269.
Ti´tans, the sons and daughters of Uranus (Heaven) and Gæa (Earth),
  enemies of the gods and overcome by them, 4, 5, 13, 18, 52, 172, 269.
Ti-tho´nus, Trojan prince, 207.
Tit´y-us, giant in Tartarus, 122, 269.
Tmo´lus, a mountain god, 43, 47.
Tortoise, second avatar (which _See_) of Vishnu, 321.
Tournaments, 371-372, 665.
Tours, battle of (_See_ Abdalrahman and Charles Martel), 649-650.
Tox´e-us, brother of Melauger’s mother, who snatched from Atalanta her
  hunting trophy, and was slain by Melauger, who had awarded it to her,
  139.
Triad, the Hindu, 320-321.
Triads, Welsh poems, 532, 533.
Tri-mur´ti, Hindu Triad, 320.
Trip-tol´e-mus, son of Celeus (which _See_), and who, made great by Ceres,
  founded her worship in Eleusis, 57.
Tris´tram, one of Arthur’s knights, husband of Isoude of the White Hands,
  lover of Isoude the Fair, 449-466, 468-478.
Tri´ton, a demi-god of the sea, son of Poseidon (Neptune) and Amphitrite,
  16, 60, 173, 174, 262.
Trœ´zen, Greek city of Argolis, 150.
Tro´jans, 216, 259-264, 269, 277.
Tro´jan War, 138, 174, 184, 211-227.
Tro-ja-no´va, New Troy, city founded in Britain (_See_ Brutus, and Lud),
  381.
Tro-pho´ni-us, oracle of, in Bœotia, 297-298.
Trou´ba-dours, poets and minstrels of Provence, in Southern France, 374.
Trou-veurs´, poets and minstrels of Northern France, 375.
Troy, city in Asia Minor, ruled by King Priam, whose son, Paris, stole
  away Helen, wife of Menelaus the Greek, resulting in the Trojan War and
  the destruction of Troy, 206, 207, 212, 213, 214, 218, 224, 227, 229,
  236.
Troy, fall of, 227-232.
Tur´nus, chief of the Rutulianes in Italy, unsuccessful rival of Æneas for
  Lavinia, 276, 277, 278, 279, 281, 282, 286-287.
Tur´pin, Archbishop of Rheims, 652-653, 656, 806-813.
Tur´quine, Sir, a great knight, foe of Arthur, slain by Sir Launcelot,
  428.
Ty´phon, one of the giants who attacked the gods, were defeated, and
  imprisoned under Mt. Ætna, 52, 123, 261, 293, 294.
Tyr, Norse god of battles, 333.
Tyre, Phœnician city governed by Dido (which _See_), 262.
Tyr´ians, 92, 262.
Tyr´rhe-us, herdsman of King Turnus in Italy, the slaying of whose
  daughter’s stag aroused war upon Æneas and his companions, 277.

                                   U

U-ber´to, son of Galafron, 665.
U-lys´ses (Greek, Odysseus), hero of the Odyssey, 60, 61, 76, 184, 212,
  213, 217, 219, 228, 229, 230, 232, 233, 236-257, 261.
U´ni-corn, fabled animal with a single horn, 315.
U-ra´ni-a, one of the Muses, a daughter of Zeus by Mnemosyne, 8, 126.
Ur´dur, one of the Norns or Fates of Scandinavia, representing the Past,
  330.
Usk, British river, 406.
Ut´gard, abode of the giant Utgard-Loki, 338.
Ut´gard-Lo´ki, King of the Giants (_See_ Skrymir), 339-343.
U´ther (Uther Pendragon), king of Britain and father of Arthur, 389-390,
  394, 396, 397, 398.
U-waine´, knight of Arthur’s court, 432-434.

                                   V

Va-is´sy-as, Hindu caste of agriculturists and traders, 323.
Val-hal´la, hall of Odin, heavenly residence of slain heroes, 330, 331,
  344, 348, 354, 355, 356.
Val-ky´rie, armed and mounted warlike virgins, daughters of the gods
  (Norse), Odin’s messengers, who select slain heroes for Valhalla and serve
  them at their feasts, 331, 347, 354, 355.
Ve, brother of Odin, 329, 330.
Ve´das, Hindu sacred Scriptures, 320, 321, 324.
Ven-e-do´ti-a, ancient name for North Wales, 407.
Ve´nus (Aphrodite), goddess of beauty, 6, 7, 11, 13, 53, 65-67, 76, 78,
  80, 82, 86-89, 94, 123, 142, 165, 209, 211, 212, 216, 218, 232, 264,
  265.
Ve´nus de Med´i-ci, famous antique statue in Uffizi Gallery, Florence,
  Italy, 305.
Ver-dan´di, the Present, one of the Norns (which _See_), 330.
Ver-tum´nus, god of the changing seasons, whose varied appearances won the
  love of Pomona, 76-79.
Ves´ta, daughter of Cronos and Rhea; goddess of the home-fire, or hearth,
  10.
Ves´tals, virgin priestesses in temple of Vesta, 10.
Ve-su´vi-us, Mount, volcano near Naples, 266.
Villains, peasants in the feudal scheme, 371.
Vig´rid, final battlefield, with destruction of the gods and their
  enemies, the sun, the earth, and time itself, 349.
Vi´li, brother of Odin and Ve, 329.
Vir´gil, celebrated Latin poet (_See_ Æneid), 212, 266, 273, 275, 307-308.
Vir´go, constellation of the Virgin, representing Astræa, goddess of
  innocence and purity, 15 n.
Vish´nu, the Preserver, second of the three chief Hindu gods, 320, 321,
  325.
Viv´i-ane, lady of magical powers, who allured the sage Merlin and
  imprisoned him in an enchanted wood, 390-392, 424, 460, 521.
Vol´scens, Rutulian troop leader who killed Nisus and Euryalus, 284.
Vol´sung-a Sa´ga, an Icelandic poem, giving about the same legends as the
  Nibelungen Lied (which _See_), 217, 354.
Vor´ti-gern, usurping King of Britain, defeated by Pendragon, 389-390,
  397.
Vul´can (Greek, Hæphestus), god of fire and metal-working, with forges
  under Ætna, husband of Venus, 4, 6, 10, 39, 41, 94, 123, 151, 182, 205,
  222, 287, 301.
Vy-a´sa, Hindu sage, 320.

                                   W

Wain, the, constellation, 3.
Well-gun´da, one of the Rhine-daughters (which _See_), 354.
Welsh language, 531.
Western Ocean, 273.
Winds, the, 176, 208.
Winter, 39.
Wo´den, chief god in the Norse mythology; Anglo-Saxon for Odin, 330.
Wog-lin´da, one of the Rhine-daughters (which _See_), 354.
Woman, creation of, 13.
Wooden Horse, the, filled with armed men, but left outside of Troy as a
  pretended offering to Minerva when the Greeks feigned to sail away;
  accepted by the Trojans (_See_ Sinon, and Laocoön), brought into the city,
  and at night emptied of the hidden Greek soldiers, who destroyed the town,
  229-232.
Wood-nymphs, 76, 167.
Wo´tan, Old High German form of Odin, 351, 352, 354, 355, 356.

                                   X

Xan´thus, river of Asia Minor, 44.

                                   Y

Ya´ma, Hindu god of the Infernal Regions, 321.
Year, the, 39.
Yg-dra´sil, great ash tree, supposed by Norse mythology to support the
  universe, 330.
Y´mir, giant, slain by Odin, 329, 348.
Yn´ywl, Earl, host of Geraint, father of Enid, 558-564.
York, Britain, 405.
Y-se-ro´ne, niece of Arthur, mother of Caradoc, 418.
Ys´pa-da-den Pen´kawr, father of Olwen, 609, 612, 614, 617, 618, 625, 626.

                                   Z

Zend´a-ves´ta, Persian sacred Scriptures, 318.
Zeph´y-rus, god of the South wind, 68, 82, 83, 85, 176, 273.
Zer-bi´no, a knight, son of the king of Scotland, 742, 744, 749-751, 753,
  759.
Ze´tes, winged warrior, companion of Theseus, 133, 176.
Ze´thus, son of Jupiter and Antiope, brother of Amphion, 192.
  _See_ Dirce.
Zeus, 4.
  _See_ Jupiter.
Zo-ro-as´ter, founder of the Persian religion, which was dominant in
  Western Asia from about 550 B.C. to about 650 A.D., and is still held by
  many thousands in Persia and in India, 318-320.

                           TRANSCRIBER NOTES

Misspelled words and printer errors have been corrected. Where multiple
spellings occur, majority use has been employed.

Punctuation has been maintained except where obvious printer errors
occur. All ellipses have been spaced.

Shakspeare and Shakespeare appears several times throughout the text,
and although obsolete, Shakspeare is a valid alternative form of
Shakespeare, and therefore both instances appear.

Some illustrations were moved to facilitate page layout and a List of
Illustrations was created and added after the Table of Contents.

All footnotes are linked and have been placed at the end of the book
before the Appendices and Index.

[The end of _Bulfinch's Mythology_, by Thomas Bulfinch.]