SocketManager
open class SocketManager : NSObject, SocketManagerSpec, SocketParsable, SocketDataBufferable, ConfigSettable
A manager for a socket.io connection.
A SocketManager
is responsible for multiplexing multiple namespaces through a single SocketEngineSpec
.
Example:
let manager = SocketManager(socketURL: URL(string:"http://localhost:8080/")!)
let defaultNamespaceSocket = manager.defaultSocket
let swiftSocket = manager.socket(forNamespace: "/swift")
// defaultNamespaceSocket and swiftSocket both share a single connection to the server
Sockets created through the manager are retained by the manager. So at the very least, a single strong reference to the manager must be maintained to keep sockets alive.
To disconnect a socket and remove it from the manager, either call SocketIOClient.disconnect()
on the socket,
or call one of the disconnectSocket
methods on this class.
NOTE: The manager is not thread/queue safe, all interaction with the manager should be done on the handleQueue
-
The socket associated with the default namespace (
/
).Declaration
Swift
public var defaultSocket: SocketIOClient { get }
-
The URL of the socket.io server.
If changed after calling
init
,forceNew
must be set totrue
, or it will only connect to the url set in the init.Declaration
Swift
public let socketURL: URL
-
The configuration for this client.
Some configs will not take affect until after a reconnect if set after calling a connect method.
Declaration
Swift
public var config: SocketIOClientConfiguration { get set }
-
The engine for this manager.
Declaration
Swift
public var engine: SocketEngineSpec?
-
If
true
then every timeconnect
is called, a new engine will be created.Declaration
Swift
public var forceNew: Bool
-
The queue that all interaction with the client should occur on. This is the queue that event handlers are called on.
This should be a serial queue! Concurrent queues are not supported and might cause crashes and races.
Declaration
Swift
public var handleQueue: DispatchQueue
-
The sockets in this manager indexed by namespace.
Declaration
Swift
public var nsps: [String : SocketIOClient]
-
If
true
, this client will try and reconnect on any disconnects.Declaration
Swift
public var reconnects: Bool
-
The minimum number of seconds to wait before attempting to reconnect.
Declaration
Swift
public var reconnectWait: Int
-
The maximum number of seconds to wait before attempting to reconnect.
Declaration
Swift
public var reconnectWaitMax: Int
-
The randomization factor for calculating reconnect jitter.
Declaration
Swift
public var randomizationFactor: Double
-
The status of this manager.
Declaration
Swift
public private(set) var status: SocketIOStatus { get set }
-
A list of packets that are waiting for binary data.
The way that socket.io works all data should be sent directly after each packet. So this should ideally be an array of one packet waiting for data.
This should not be modified directly.
Declaration
Swift
public var waitingPackets: [SocketPacket]
-
Type safe way to create a new SocketIOClient.
opts
can be omitted.Declaration
Swift
public init(socketURL: URL, config: SocketIOClientConfiguration = [])
Parameters
socketURL
The url of the socket.io server.
config
The config for this socket.
-
Not so type safe way to create a SocketIOClient, meant for Objective-C compatiblity. If using Swift it’s recommended to use
init(socketURL: NSURL, options: Set<SocketIOClientOption>)
Declaration
Swift
@objc public convenience init(socketURL: URL, config: [String : Any]?)
Parameters
socketURL
The url of the socket.io server.
config
The config for this socket.
-
Connects the underlying transport and the default namespace socket.
Override if you wish to attach a custom
SocketEngineSpec
.Declaration
Swift
open func connect()
-
Connects a socket through this manager’s engine.
Declaration
Swift
open func connectSocket(_ socket: SocketIOClient)
Parameters
socket
The socket who we should connect through this manager.
-
Called when the manager has disconnected from socket.io.
Declaration
Swift
open func didDisconnect(reason: String)
Parameters
reason
The reason for the disconnection.
-
Disconnects the manager and all associated sockets.
Declaration
Swift
open func disconnect()
-
Disconnects the given socket.
This will remove the socket for the manager’s control, and make the socket instance useless and ready for releasing.
Declaration
Swift
open func disconnectSocket(_ socket: SocketIOClient)
Parameters
socket
The socket to disconnect.
-
Disconnects the socket associated with
forNamespace
.This will remove the socket for the manager’s control, and make the socket instance useless and ready for releasing.
Declaration
Swift
open func disconnectSocket(forNamespace nsp: String)
Parameters
nsp
The namespace to disconnect from.
-
Sends a client event to all sockets in
nsps
Declaration
Swift
open func emitAll(clientEvent event: SocketClientEvent, data: [Any])
Parameters
clientEvent
The event to emit.
-
Sends an event to the server on all namespaces in this manager.
Declaration
Swift
open func emitAll(_ event: String, _ items: SocketData...)
Parameters
event
The event to send.
items
The data to send with this event.
-
Sends an event to the server on all namespaces in this manager.
Same as
emitAll(_:_:)
, but meant for Objective-C.Declaration
Swift
open func emitAll(_ event: String, withItems items: [Any])
Parameters
event
The event to send.
items
The data to send with this event.
-
Called when the engine closes.
Declaration
Swift
open func engineDidClose(reason: String)
Parameters
reason
The reason that the engine closed.
-
Called when the engine errors.
Declaration
Swift
open func engineDidError(reason: String)
Parameters
reason
The reason the engine errored.
-
Called when the engine opens.
Declaration
Swift
open func engineDidOpen(reason: String)
Parameters
reason
The reason the engine opened.
-
Called when the engine receives a pong message.
Declaration
Swift
open func engineDidReceivePong()
-
Called when the sends a ping to the server.
Declaration
Swift
open func engineDidSendPing()
-
Called when when upgrading the http connection to a websocket connection.
Declaration
Swift
open func engineDidWebsocketUpgrade(headers: [String : String])
Parameters
headers
The http headers.
-
Called when the engine has a message that must be parsed.
Declaration
Swift
open func parseEngineMessage(_ msg: String)
Parameters
msg
The message that needs parsing.
-
Called when the engine receives binary data.
Declaration
Swift
open func parseEngineBinaryData(_ data: Data)
Parameters
data
The data the engine received.
-
Tries to reconnect to the server.
This will cause a
SocketClientEvent.reconnect
event to be emitted, as well asSocketClientEvent.reconnectAttempt
events.Declaration
Swift
open func reconnect()
-
Removes the socket from the manager’s control. One of the disconnect methods should be called before calling this method.
After calling this method the socket should no longer be considered usable.
Declaration
Swift
@discardableResult open func removeSocket(_ socket: SocketIOClient) -> SocketIOClient?
Parameters
socket
The socket to remove.
Return Value
The socket removed, if it was owned by the manager.
-
Sets manager specific configs.
parameter config: The configs that should be set.
Declaration
Swift
open func setConfigs(_ config: SocketIOClientConfiguration)
-
Returns a
SocketIOClient
for the given namespace. This socket shares a transport with the manager.Calling multiple times returns the same socket.
Sockets created from this method are retained by the manager. Call one of the
disconnectSocket
methods on this class to remove the socket from manager control. Or callSocketIOClient.disconnect()
on the client.Declaration
Swift
open func socket(forNamespace nsp: String) -> SocketIOClient
Parameters
nsp
The namespace for the socket.
Return Value
A
SocketIOClient
for the given namespace.


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Kodak KDS TWAIN Driver
Getting Started
20-June-2012
Contents
1. Overview...................................................................................................................... 2
2. GUI Based Applications (the old way)........................................................................... 3
3. Programmatic Based Applications (the newer way)........................................................ 4
4. Profile Based Applications (the best way)...................................................................... 5
5. Decoupling.................................................................................................................... 6
6. Logging and the Simulator.............................................................................................. 7
7. Sample Code................................................................................................................ 8
Developing an application using any image capture application programming interfaces (API) is a challenge. The basic premise of these systems is that the application discovers a device through its driver, interrogates it about its capabilities, sets a session up, and then starts scanning. The problem is that there are a large number of capabilities all interacting in a variety of ways (some obvious and some not), so that getting the driver to do exactly what is desired is not always as straightforward as could be hoped. And, as with any API, things usual work well until errors are encountered, then the amount of code increases dramatically to accommodate all the possible results for any given operation.
TWAIN provides ways to mitigate this work, though it may not be obvious from reading the specification. This document will outline some development strategies designed to create robust, flexible applications. It is assumed that the reader has some familiarity with TWAIN, either from previous coding experience or from reading some of the TWAIN specification.
When TWAIN was developed in the early 1990’s the single focus of the effort was to bring applications and drivers together. Previously an application writer would select a device, like a flatbed scanner, get the driver for it and write the application code to talk to that device. Support for a new device meant getting its driver and writing code to support it as well. TWAIN was designed to abstract away that driver code, hiding it behind a common API. Now it was possible for an application to start scanning and capture image data in a way that worked for any device the came with a TWAIN driver.
There was one area that the standard did not try to handle at first, and that was capability negotiation. True, TWAIN came with a selection of programmatic capabilities, so that it was possible to negotiate some kinds of values, but the selection was small. Instead drivers came with internally generated dialogs. The application invoked these dialogs and left all the problems of negotiation to the driver. The benefit was that an application could realize the full functionality of a device while writing very little code. The problem was that scanner vendors all had very different ideas about what these dialogs should look like, so a user moving from using one scanner to another was very likely to end up working with a very different user interface.
Beginning with version 1.7 of the TWAIN specification and continuing through 1.8 and 1.9 an attempt has been made to allow for more sophisticated support of scanner capabilities. In fact the TWAIN specification doubled in size going from 1.7 to 1.8. The original 1.5 description of TWAIN allowed for the following kinds of things: standard and custom capability definitions, capabilities using a variety of container types (enumerations and ranges among them), self-descriptive data types (integers, strings, etc…), and access modes (read-only, read-write, etc). 1.8 introduced the ability to independently address the image generating devices (for instance the front and rear cameras, or the color and bitonal cameras). It made it possible to write applications that could drive most or all of the features of a scanner without resorting to the custom user interface provided by the driver.
The problem was that most driver writers created their drivers for specific applications and since these applications didn’t significantly exercise the programmatic interface, the drivers often did not perform well when accessed in this way. Improvements in the testing documentation and the basic specification, and the stated desire from applications writers has resulted in better programmatic drivers, but that still leaves another problem.
Programmatic interfaces must reflect the abilities of their drivers. They must constrain possible values as dictated by the device, and they must prevent illegal combinations of functionality. What this means is that an application may not be limited to just asking what the allowed values are in a range or an enumeration. If the application is currently negotiating on a color camera, then ICAP_THRESHOLDING may not be available until the camera context is changed to bitonal. If the ICAP_XFERMECH is set to allow native mode transfers (bitmaps on Windows systems) then ICAP_COMPRESSION may only report a possible value of “none”. So the application has to conduct inquiries on permutations of settings within the driver.
The benefit to all this hard work is that the application can present a single unified interface to the user, regardless of the physical device currently in use, which means that end users do not need to be retrained (save maybe for basic functional differences) anytime they operate a new scanner with the application. Over the past several years more and more application writers have been opting to rely on programmatic control, or in some cases a combination of programmatic control for the most commonly used features with the ability to raise the driver GUI for the more rarely used features.
There is a third alternative that was introduced with little fanfare in the TWAIN 1.7 specification. The operation DAT_CUSTOMDSDATA (if supported) can be used to take a snapshot of the current state of the driver. It can also be used to restore the settings of the driver using one of these snapshots. 1.7 also introduced the concept of a “settings only” TWAIN GUI through the DG_CONTROL / DAT_USERINTERFACE / MSG_ENABLEDSUIONLY. In this mode the user can set whatever features they want from the TWAIN supplied GUI, but their only finishing option is to select OK or CANCEL.
The application writer creates two programs. One program raises the TWAIN GUI, allows the user to set whatever values they want, then when OK is hit takes a snapshot of the driver using DAT_CUSTOMDSDATA and saves the result in a file tagged with some useful name or description from the user, like “photo settings” or “insurance form settings.” The second program is the scanning application, but all it presents to the user is a list of these snapshot or profile descriptions. So the user selects “photo settings,” the application reads that file from disk, sends the data to the driver using DAT_CUSTOMDSDATA, and begins scanning. Note that it is still possible to raise the GUI or to programmatically negotiate values; the intention is to minimize that need.
In this way we get full access to the features of the device without writing a lot of code, and protect the scanner operator from having to be retrained anytime a new scanner shows up. All of the Kodak Document Scanners (5000/7000/9000/3000/4000/i30/i40/i200/i600/i800/i900/i1100/i1200/i1300/i1400/i1800/i2000/i2900/i3000/i4000/i5000) support this command. Most application writers should give serious thought to using this technique to drive their scanner.
One of the most powerful features in TWAIN is its ability to totally decouple the negotiation phase (state 4/5) from the image capture phase (state 6/7). From the earliest versions of the scanner the application writer has been encouraged to look at the bitmap information for a native transfer, the header information for a file transfer, or the DAT_IMAGEINFO information for a memory transfer. Starting with version 1.7 and continuing with 1.8 and 1.9 of the TWAIN specification we have supported the DAT_EXTIMAGEINFO command, which allows for the collection of a block of metadata associated with an image.
The gist of it is: never assume that what was negotiated is what is going to be captured by the scanner. This applies to the following items (there may be more): ICAP_AUTOMATICBORDERDETECTION (custom ICAP_CROPPINGMODE), ICAP_AUTOMATICDESKEW, and ICAP_PIXELTYPE and all related capabilities (when using the color toggle patch). The application should be ready for anything to come from the scanner. That does not mean it has to accept the data it is receiving, if it cannot handle a color image when waiting for a bitonal image, then it should throw an error to the user. However, the application should not ASSUME that the data coming from the scanner is exactly what it negotiated. If an application obeys this basic rule of decoupling then it will be never be surprised by the behavior of the scanner in a way that results in a failure or a crash.
Other documents in this kit talk about both of these items. The purpose of this section is to show how they can be used to aid in development. When first writing an application for a Kodak Document Scanner it might be helpful to see some of the activity that occurs through TWAIN while the device is being driven by another application.
The Scanner Validation Tool (SVT) is not necessarily the best application in the world for this kind of work, but at least it is something. If you go into the CONST.INI file and turn on debugging so that it traces the TWAIN activity:
; Versions 2/3/4
Debug=1
DebugFilter=kdscaps kdsdat
; Version 5+
Debug=1
DebugFilter=TWAIN
Then when you run the SVT the driver will generate a log of all the activity that takes place between it and the application. This information is written using TWAIN constants that can be found in the specification and in the TWAIN.H file. Use this information to understand what is being done to setup the driver and capture the images. Please note that SVT is a GUI Based Application (in fact it is a diagnostic tool), so it’s not very sophisticated in its ability to programmatically negotiate settings. It is, however, very sophisticated in its ability to drive the scanner to its maximum throughput speeds. It also has a variety of error handling abilities, so it responds well to jams and multifeeds, among the other things that can happen.
You can use the simulator to get exactly the same results you would with a real scanner, which is especially useful for testing against all the varied models supported by the driver.
The TWAIN Working Group website (www.twain.org) has sample application code. We will include any sample code with this kit as it seems appropriate.


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Hey there, my name is Alex Barkell, I'm a developer from Ann Arbor, Michigan and I'm currently looking for a job as a software developer.
I've been passionate about computers and startups my entire life, starting my first business in the 4th grade selling bags of candy to classmates. More recently I was a Co-Founder in a small startup that traded digital items between users.
I love solving problems and coming up with new ways to approach old issues. I'm also super passionate about creating quality software and constantly trying to improve my craft.
If you have any questions or comments, please feel free to contact me at: alexbarkell@gmail.com


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using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web.Http; using System.Net.Http.Formatting; using Newtonsoft.Json.Serialization; namespace HWPCBug { public static class WebApiConfig { public static void Register(HttpConfiguration config) { // Web API configuration and services var jsonFormatter = config.Formatters.OfType().First(); jsonFormatter.SerializerSettings.ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver(); // Web API routes config.MapHttpAttributeRoutes(); config.Routes.MapHttpRoute( name: "DefaultApi", routeTemplate: "api/{controller}/{id}", defaults: new { id = RouteParameter.Optional } ); } } }
using System; using System.Collections.Generic; using System.Linq; using System.Web; using System.Web.Http; using System.Web.Mvc; using System.Web.Optimization; using System.Web.Routing; namespace WebApplication1 { public class MvcApplication : System.Web.HttpApplication { protected void Application_Start() { AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas(); GlobalConfiguration.Configure(WebApiConfig.Register); FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters); RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes); BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles); } } }
Grids and full-width layouts Folks looking to create fully fluid layouts (meaning your site stretches the entire width of the viewport) must wrap their grid content in a containing element with padding: 0 15px; to offset the margin: 0 -15px; used on .rows.
public void soi_ViewTickets_asa_User_iwant_TicketPage() { TicketsPage.GoTo(); Assert.IsTrue(TicketsPage.IsAt, "TicketPage Fail"); }
public class Person { public int Id { get; set; } public string GivenName { get; set; } public string FamilyName { get; set; } public string AdditionalName { get; set; } [EmailAddress] public string Email { get; set; } [Phone] public string Telephone { get; set; } public int AddressId { get; set; } public virtual PostalAddress Address { get; set; } public int HomeLocationId { get; set; } public virtual ContactPoint HomeLocation { get; set; } public int WorkLocationId { get; set; } public virtual ContactPoint WorkLocation { get; set; } public string JobTitle { get; set; } }
public PostalAddress() { StreetAddress = string.Empty; AddressCountryId = 840; //Default to United States http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/ISO_3166-1_numeric } public int Id { get; set; } public string StreetAddress { get; set; } public string PostOfficeBoxNumber { get; set; } public string PostalCode { get; set; } public string AddressRegion { get; set; } public string AddressLocality { get; set; } public int AddressCountryId { get; set; } public virtual Country AddressCountry { get; set; } }
public class ContactPoint { public int Id { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } public string Description { get; set; } public string ContactType { get; set; } public string Email { get; set; } public string Telephone { get; set; } }
Candy Fjetland: I have i pad and we both have smart phones but will use whatever works best. Tell your Dad to deliver laptop on way to diamond Jo at northward. 10:28 AM Me: ok.. let call me when your ready ?tomorrow right? I've got a few versions up and we will go through them. 10:32 AM Candy Fjetland: Yup tomorrow what we need computer? Ron has a lap top that works and that about it he has dropped a few times. 11:38 AM Candy Fjetland: Mark said he will ne down around 9 in the morning 6:33 PM Me: ok... you can call early if you want...  I just was setting stuff up... and I get to bug you 8:36 AM Candy Fjetland: Now 8:50 AM Candy Fjetland: I am at join me not 8:51 AM Me: you can call into that number above.. or click on the link 8:51 AM Me: 327-092-362 8:52 AM Candy Fjetland: We back i got my email with google Mark having prob he has another acc 10:35 AM Me: call in on:<PHONE_NUMBER> ConfID: 327.092.362 again... 11:19 AM Candy Fjetland: Mark is on 11:28 AM
Screenshared via joinme.com call in on a regular phone:<PHONE_NUMBER> ConfID: 327.092.362 …or call my<PHONE_NUMBER> number whoops… I had screen turned off… (beer options) New Customer New Ticket Products ?? Route Scheduling Printing before whining Tax Stuff… Account Receivable, Payable (creates an excel sheet) Sales Tax, Expense Account Route Prep Drive order Pre Call button Chat about Ticket warning... Route Date and Route number Service Location (Name) Service Location (Address) DONE button (link to Status: Paid - Charge (check number) Unfinished button (drop down with reasons - change service billing, golden ticket) Personal Certification Number (and Business Lic#) Service Fee (click on to edit service types) Tax fee (local option tax)… fix this… Route Service Detail Pen or picture of paper… Chat Ticket Whine break app... Ticket ServiceType (printed on invoice and ticket) Ticket ServiceLine (printed on ticket) Ticket Note (printed on ticket) Ticket Personal Certification Number (printed on ticket) Chat about ticket (turd talk about ticket copy) Followup issue Collections Type: Credit Card, Check, Cash, Charge (monthly statements sent) Chat about ticket
| So that I can | as a HWPC | I want | Use |
|---|---|---|---|
| update tickets | route administrator | access to all tickets via a website I can access | uc001 |
| leave tickets at the service site | technician | to print tickets for a route | uc002 |
| tag a ticket as done from my phone | technician | Done button on the Ticket-info display | uc003 |
| settle a tickets financial charges from my phone | technician | a payment Status button | uc004 |
| can | as | want | uc00x |


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TAYLOR JOHNSTON
05.25.17
Acampus climate survey Ohio University released in November found that 29 percent of responding students had experienced sexual victimization and nearly 20 percent had experienced dating violence during their time at OU. For students who experience sexual violence and relationship abuse, assistance is available from several places on- and off-campus.
The Survivor Advocacy Program provides resources for both survivors of sexual assault and relationship abuse and the friends and family who support them. The office is located in Lindley Hall 038.
Advocates from the program can help survivors navigate the process for reporting sexual violence to law enforcement, undergoing sexual assault examinations and reporting sexual misconduct to the university Office of Equity and Civil Rights Compliance. Unlike other university employees, none of the staff members at the Survivor Advocacy Program are required to report sexual misconduct to the university. Resources are available to survivors whether or not they wish to receive medical care or report the incident.
The program also mans a 24/7 hotline for survivors at<PHONE_NUMBER>.
My Sister’s Place, a domestic violence shelter in Athens, provides resources and housing for relationship abuse survivors and their families. The shelter is a four-bedroom residence in Athens, and its location is confidential for the safety of the clients.
At least one staff member at the shelter is available around the clock. The shelter can also connect abuse survivors with counselors and court advocates. The shelter can be reached at 1-800-443-3402 at any hour.
OhioHealth O’Bleness Hospital employs nurses trained to conduct sexual assault examination kits.
Olivia Raney | FILE
A sexual assault evidence collection kit sits on a table in O'Bleness Memorial Hospital. Rape kits are sent to a branch of Ohio's Bureau of Criminal Investigation, where testing is done on the DNA collected in the kits.
Sexual assault examinations can take about three hours. The examination includes drug testing, DNA testing and administration of emergency contraceptive and STI prevention. Evidence can still be collected up to 72 hours after the attack, whether or not the survivor has bathed.
Sexual assault examination kits can be submitted to law enforcement anonymously. That allows the survivor to undergo the exam without immediately deciding whether to report the incident to law enforcement.
Counseling and Psychological Services provides confidential mental health services to OU students. Survivors of sexual assault can receive counseling there to deal with the psychological effects.
CPS provides both individual counseling and group therapy. Psychiatric consultations are also available for students who wish to take prescription medication.
Group counseling, individual counseling and psychiatric intake are free under the OU Wellbeing Plan. Students who have waived the fee for that plan may have to pay for services.
To initiate treatment at CPS, students can show up for a drop-in consultation on the third floor of Hudson Health Center between 9:45 a.m. and 3:15 p.m., Monday through Friday. For emergency assistance outside regular hours, students can call the 24/7 Crisis Intervention Service at<PHONE_NUMBER>.
Violations of the university sexual misconduct can be reported to the Office of Equity and Civil Rights Compliance. Those reports can be done through an online form, over the phone or in person in the office in Lindley Hall 006.
After a student reports sexual misconduct, certain interim measures are available while the university conducts the investigation. The university might issue a no-contact directive to someone accused of sexual misconduct or restrict access to campus. The university also might reassign classes or move housing to prevent contact between the two parties.
A student whom the Office of Community Standards finds to have violated the university’s sexual misconduct policy would be suspended for at least one semester. A student found responsible for a violation that involved physical conduct would be suspended for at least a year, and a student found responsible for a sexual misconduct violation involving penetration could be expelled.
Sexual assault, domestic violence and other crimes can be reported to local law enforcement. The Ohio University Police Department investigates crimes on campus and can be reached at<PHONE_NUMBER>. Crimes in the city can be reported to the Athens Police Department at<PHONE_NUMBER>.
Crimes outside the city and campus fall under the Athens County Sheriff’s Office’s jurisdiction. The Sheriff’s Office can be reached at<PHONE_NUMBER>.
The Sheriff’s Office and APD both employ advocates for survivors of sexual assault or domestic violence.
Sexual assault survivors and victims of domestic abuse may be able to obtain civil protection orders that limit their abuser’s contact with them. Survivor advocates at law enforcement agencies, My Sister’s Place and SAP can guide survivors through the process of obtaining protection orders.
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[gecode-users] Mix-matching branching
Christian Schulte
cschulte at kth.se
Mon Feb 18 06:05:21 CET 2008
Hi,
Actually it should be pretty easy: Look to gecode/int/branch.cc and the
function create in gecode/int/branch/sel-val.icc and you will see that both
variable and value selection is described by simple classes that are then
used to parametrize a branching called ViewValBranching. As you might guess
you'll find lots of examples there.
So, what you have to do: you just write your own value selection class,
reuse the view selection classes and you are done. Very easy.
Cheers
Christian
--
Christian Schulte, www.ict.kth.se/~cschulte/
-----Original Message-----
From: users-bounces at gecode.org [mailto:users-bounces at gecode.org] On Behalf
Of Debdeep Banerjee
Sent: Monday, February 18, 2008 2:47 PM
To: users at gecode.org
Subject: [gecode-users] Mix-matching branching
hi,
I want to mix-match by branching. By mix-match what I mean is that I
want to use predefined variable selection mechanism from
Gecode::IntVarBranch, but for value selection I want to use my own value
selection mechanism ( probably inside description method ). How should I
go about it ?
Any help .....
With regards
Debdeep
--
Debdeep Banerjee
PhD Candiate
CSL/RSISE/NICTA
Australian National University
Email: debdeep.banerjee at rsise.anu.edu.au
Web:http://rsise.anu.edu.au/~banerjed
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Python is a widely used language for diverse uses such as web development, scientific research, machine learning, data analytics, etc. It is a highly flexible interpreted language that is in high demand.
This course will take a beginning programmer through Hello World through variables, arithmetic operations, conditionals, loops, lists, dictionaries, and basic file processing. At the end of this course the student will be able to post a certificate to their LinkedIn account and be able to complete challenges to gain a better grasp of the language and how to use it in the real world.
Successful completion of this course will permit you to attempt paid challenges and offer a certificate to showcase on your LinkedIn profile.


--- layout: documentation title: HopByHopOptionsType ---
Defines fields for the IPv6 Hop-by-Hop Options header which is used to carry optional information that must be examined by every node along a packet's delivery path.
| Field Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Next_Header0..1 | IANAAssignedIPNumbersType |
Identifies the type of header immediately following the Hop-by-Hop Options header. Uses the same values as the IPv4 Protocol field. |
| Header_Ext_Len0..1 | HexBinaryObjectPropertyType |
Length of the Hop-by-Hop Options header in 8-octet units, not including the first 8 octets. |
| Option_Data0..n | OptionDataType |
Variable-length field, of length such that the complete Hop-by-Hop Options header is an integer multiple of 8 octets long. Contains one or more type-length-value (TLV)-encoded options. |


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Method to query for the active APIMethod record using the global ID value
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SchemaFlag | Bool | 10 | true | flag value to return the tabular result data with or without the DataTable metadata |
| MethodGID | Text | 50 | true | the global ID value for the APIMethod record |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetByID.base_DEFAULT | DataTable | the APIMethod record found matching the ID value |
Method to query for the active APIMethod record using the name value
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SchemaFlag | Bool | 10 | true | flag value to return the tabular result data with or without the DataTable metadata |
| APIName | Text | 50 | true | the APIName value |
| MethodName | Text | 50 | true | the MethodName value |
| VersionName | Text | 50 | true | the VersionName value |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetByName.base_DEFAULT | DataTable | the APIMethod record found matching the name values |
Method to query for a list of all active API names documented in a system
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SchemaFlag | Bool | 10 | true | flag value to return the tabular result data with or without the DataTable metadata |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetAPIList.base_DEFAULT | DataTable | returns a list of all active API's in the system |
Method to query for the number of records that match the rec_state and search criteria
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| rec_state | Text | 10 | true | will get the count for either active or deleted records based on the rec_state value |
| APIName | Text | 50 | false | optional APIName search value |
| MethodName | Text | 50 | false | optional MethodName search value |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetCount.base_DEFAULT | Int | the count of records that match the search criteria (used for pagination) |
Method to query for a page of search results that match the rec_state and search criteria
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SchemaFlag | Bool | 10 | true | flag value to return the tabular result data with or without the DataTable metadata |
| PageNum | Int | true | the page number used for server pagination | |
| PageSize | Int | true | the page size used for server pagination | |
| rec_state | Text | 10 | true | will search for either active or deleted records based on the rec_state value |
| APIName | Text | 50 | false | optional APIName search value |
| MethodName | Text | 50 | false | optional MethodName search value |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetSearch.base_DEFAULT | DataTable | a page of records that match the search criteria |
Method to query for a batch of source records that are newer than the placeholder value
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SchemaFlag | Bool | 10 | true | flag value to return the tabular result data with or without the DataTable metadata |
| SourceDB | Text | 50 | true | the name of the source database to be queried for source records |
| StartID | Long | true | the row_id value of the last source record processed (initial placeholder set to zero) | |
| BatchSize | Int | true | the maximum number of records to return as a batch | |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetSource.base_DEFAULT | DataTable | a batch of source records newer than the placeholder value |
Method to query for all versions (rec_states) of a method record using the method global ID value
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SchemaFlag | Bool | 10 | true | flag value to return the tabular result data with or without the DataTable metadata |
| MethodGID | Text | 50 | true | the global ID value for the APIMethod record |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetHistory.base_DEFAULT | DataTable | returns all versions (all states) of the selected record |
Method to query for the existence of duplicate APIMethod records
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.Duplicate.base_DEFAULT | DataTable | the results of the scan of a table for duplicate records |
Method to query for the maximum src_id value and the total number of source records in the destination table
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SrcDBName | Text | 50 | true | the unique name of the source database name to be queried |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetDestCounts.base_DEFAULT | Int | comma delimited string and the maximum src_id value plus the count of source records in the destination table |
Method to query table for the total number of source records and the number of source records less than the EndID (row_id) value in the source table
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SrcDBName | Text | 50 | true | the unique name of the source database name to be queried |
| EndID | Long | true | the maximum row_id value to include in the query | |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.GetSrcCounts.base_DEFAULT | Int | comma delimited string with the total count of source records and the number of records less than the endid in the source table |
Method to insert a new APIMethod record
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| APIName | Text | 50 | true | the APIName of the new APIMethod record |
| MethodName | Text | 50 | true | the MethodName of the new APIMethod record |
| VersionName | Text | 50 | true | the VersionName of the new APIMethod record |
| MethodDescrip | Text | 100 | true | the description of the new APIMethod record |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.New.base_DEFAULT | Text | if successful, the global ID of the new APIMethod record; otherwise, the error message |
Method to update an existing APIMethod record (APIName, MethodName and VersionName are immutable once published)
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MethodGID | Text | 50 | true | the global ID of the APIMethod record |
| MethodDescrip | Text | 100 | true | the description of the new APIMethod record |
| row_ms | Long | true | the unix time value of the record to be updated | |
| Return Name | Data | Length | Description | |
| APIMethod.Save.base_DEFAULT | Text | returns the action and result code of the update |
Method to update an existing APIMethod record (soft delete as update)
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MethodGID | Text | 50 | true | the global ID of the APIMethod record |
| MethodDescrip | Text | 100 | true | the description of the new APIMethod record |
| row_ms | Long | true | the unix time value of the record to be updated | |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.Delete.base_DEFAULT | Text | returns the action and result code of the update |
Method to merge a batch of source records into a destination table
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SourceRecords | DataTable | true | a batch of source records to be merged into a destination table | |
| StartID | Long | true | the row_id value of the last source record processed (initial placeholder set to zero) | |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.Replicate.base_DEFAULT | Text | returns the new placeholder value of the last record merged or checked in the destination table |
Method to recover an edited or deleted record as the new active record
| Param Name | Data | Length | Required | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Action | Text | 10 | true | the action to be performed (Update, Recover) |
| rec_gid | Text | 50 | true | the global ID of the APIMethod record |
| row_id | Long | true | the specific row_id of the edited or deleted record to be recovered | |
| Return Name | Data | Description | ||
| APIMethod.Recover.base_DEFAULT | Text | returns the action and result code of the update |


Method¶
When the configuration of an entire system is observed, we can apply
our method, Free Energy Minimization (FEM), to infer the interactions
\(W_{ij}\) between variables. Briefly, this method defines a free
energy of data, and shows that minimizing this free energy leads to an
effective estimation of interactions (Ref). The algorithm of FEM
method contains the following steps:
(i) Initialize \(W_{ij}\) at random;
(ii) Compute local field \(H_i(t) = \sum_j W_{ij} \sigma_j (t)\);
(iii) Compute data energy
\(E_i(t) = \sigma_i(t+1) / \langle \sigma(t+1) \rangle_{\text{model}} H_i(t),\)
where \(\langle \sigma(t+1) \rangle_{\text{model}}\) represents
model expectation. For binary variables,
\(\langle \sigma(t+1) \rangle_{\text{model}} = \tanh H_{i}(t)\);
(iv) Extract coupling
\(W_{ij}^\text{new}= \sum_k \langle \delta E_i \delta \sigma_k \rangle [C^{-1}]_{kj},\)
where \(\langle \cdot \rangle\) represents sample mean,
\(\delta f \equiv f -\langle f\rangle\) and
\(C_{jk} \equiv \langle \delta\sigma_j\delta\sigma_k\rangle;\)
(v) Repeat (ii)-(iv) until the discrepancy between observed
\(\sigma_i(t+1)\) and model expectation
\(\langle \sigma(t+1) \rangle_{\text{model}}\),
\(D_i(W)\equiv\sum_{t} \big[ \sigma_i(t+1) - \langle \sigma_i(t+1) \rangle_{\text{model}} \big]^2\)
starts to increase;
(vi) Compute (ii)-(iv) in parallel for every index
\(i \in \{1, 2, \cdots, N\}\).
As described in the model section, the aim of this work, however, was
to consider a situation in which observed data contains only subset of
variables, the configurations of hidden variables are invisible. Here,
we developed an iterative approach to update the configurations of
hidden variables based on configurations of observed variables as the
following:
(i) Assign the configurations of hidden variables at random;
(ii) Infer coupling weights \(W_{ij}\) including
observed-to-observed, hidden-to-observed, observed-to-hidden, and
hidden-to-hidden interactions from the configurations of variables by
using the FEM method;
(iii) Flip the state of hidden variables with a probability
\(\mathcal{L}_{2} /(\mathcal{L}_{1}+\mathcal{L}_{2})\) where
\(\mathcal{L}_{1}\) and \(\mathcal{L}_{2}\) represent the
likelihood \(\mathcal{L}\) of systems before and after the flipping,
\[{\cal{L}} = \prod_{t=1}^{L-1}\prod_{i=1}^{N} P[\sigma_i(t+1)|\sigma(t)] ;\]
(iv) Repeat steps (ii) and (iii) until the discrepancy of observed
variables becomes saturated. The final value of \(W_{ij}\) and
hidden variables are our inferred coupling weights and configurations
of hidden spins, respectively.
To estimate the number of hidden variables, we first calculate the discrepancy of entire system
\[D = \frac{D_{\text{obs}}}{N_{\text{obs}}} (N_{\text{obs}} + N_{\text{hidden}})\]
where \(D_{\text{obs}}\) represents the discrepancy between observations and model expectations, \(D_{\text{obs}} = \sum_{t} \big[ \sigma_i(t+1) - \langle \sigma_i(t+1) \rangle_{\text{model}} \big]^2\) ( \(i \in\) observed variables), \(N_{\text{obs}}\) and \(N_{\text{hidden}}\) represent number of observed and hidden variables, respectively. The number of hidden variables corresponds to the minima of the discrepancy of entire system \(D\).


The young girl awaken in an unfamiliar room with a golden pocket mirror with a letter G engraved
into the back. With no memories of who or where she was, she wandered through the gigantic and eerie buildings
to find out her identity. During her journey, she came across a strange boy who constantly put up theatres for her to understand
the character through mockery and disdain.
The young girl meets Fleta, a spoiled and pompous princess who was very
possessive of the young protagonist. Fleta tried to keep her from going anywhere and preventing her from learning the truth.
Ever since meeting she learned that Fleta was a friend in the past but will not reveal who the young girl's identity.
Despite that, Fleta cared for her and apologized for all the wrong she had done to her before Fleta shattered into shards.
After some dreadful encounter, the young girl was saved by Harpae, a warm-hearted
reliable and mature woman who cared for the young girl. After meeting her, she encountered many strange photos of herself
with people whom she do not know but learned bits by bits of herself through her warm interaction with Harpae. After some
time, Harpae and the young girl was caught in a unfortunate accident and ended up in a large basement of a mansion. Harpae panicked as the young girl
brought her courage out to explore a way out. During that time, Harpae lost her sanity for a brief moment to only find herself hurting the young girl
she swore to never hurt. In the end before shattering, Harpae could not take back what she had done and apologized and apologized although she was forgiven.
It was also revealed that she was actually blind as well.
The young girl's encounter with Lisette was a violent one. Cruel and almost unreasonable, Lisette attempted to harm her and shatter the precious pocket mirror.
In the past, Lisette was always blamed for things she have never done by Fleta, Harpae, and the young girl. Their meeting allowed the youjng girl to finally understand most of who she was
beside her name which also eventually revealed why the young girl was there in the first place. The young girl's resilient and kindness was able to get through
to Lisette in which allowed Lisette to forgive her before shattering.
Just like looking at a reflection of a mirror, Enjel appeared before the young girl. Enjel claimed that the young girl's name was Enjel but was quickly denied by Harpae who also claimed that
Enjel was not the young girl's name. Enjel, however, had a secret. Enjel was created by the strange boy who was actually a demon. The young girl's mother made a pact with the demon
to gain a better life-- Rich, money, status, etc. In return, the mother must give the young girl's name to him which means the life she was supposed the receive--A life bathed in gold (Happiness).
The young girl's mother regretted the decision and decided to retaliate which caused her life and the young girl's family. Before that, the mother created the pocket mirror to remind the young girl of
her name. Despite Enjel tried to help and guide the young girl, she had an ulterior motive by stealing her pocket mirror to take on her identity but failed and shattered in regret and pain.
After Enjel failed and shattered, the young girl awakened in a lightly brit room and found a medical report of her file and finally recalled her name.
 Finally understanding who she was and accepting her other selves who represented the spoiled and hysteric personality (Fleta),
how she decided to turn a blind eye to how mentally ill she was (Harpae), and of course, her own violence and frustration (Lisette). Each encounter were merely a facade of
her dissociation that was given a fleeting form when Goldia was in coma.


The Crown season 4 release date, cast, plot, trailer, for Netflix royal drama
The Crown season 4 is on its way as production on the Netflix prestige drama is afoot with Olivia Colman reprising her role as The Queen for a season that includes Princess Diana and Margaret Thatcher
by Lewis Knight, https://www.mirror.co.uk/authors/lewis-knight/The struggles of the House of Windsor are still to continue on Netflix.
The Crown will return for a fourth season following the finale of season 3 which saw the Queen celebrate her Silver Jubilee in 1977.
However, there is much more drama to come as The Queen is set to welcome a new prime minister that she will work alongside for the next decade: Margaret Thatcher.
Meanwhile, the personal lives of her children will begin to take a major focus as Prince Charles weds Princess Diana - but how long can he resist his feelings for Camilla Parker Bowles ?
Here is when to expect The Crown season 4 on Netflix.
The Crown season 4 release date
The Crown season 4 will be released on Netflix worldwide in late 2020.
It is expected to comprise of 10 episodes which will all be released simultaneously.
The Crown season 4 cast
Olivia Colman as Queen Elizabeth II
The Oscar-winner will reprise her role as the British monarch for her second and final season in the role.
Tobias Menzies as Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh
The Outlander star will return as the Queen's consort who will be dealt a blow in his family
Helena Bonham Carter as Princess Margaret, Countess of Snowdon
The Harry Potter star will reprise her role as the Queen's troubled sister, who will face life as a divorced woman in the fourth season.
Ben Daniels as Antony Armstrong-Jones, Earl of Snowdon
The House of Cards actor is expected to be back in some capacity as Margaret's former husband.
Josh O’Connor as Prince Charles, Prince of Wales
The BAFTA-nominee will play a major role in the fourth season which will focus on his marriage to Lady Diana Spencer.
Charles Dance as Lord Louis Mountbatten
The Game of Thrones star will be back as Charles' supportive but ambitious great-uncle who will be assassinated by the IRA in the upcoming episodes.
Marion Bailey as Queen Elizabeth The Queen Mother
The stage actress will return as the Queen's and Margaret's opinionated mother.
Erin Doherty as Princess Anne, Princess Royal
The newcomer will reprise her role as the Queen's daughter, who will be married in the new episodes.
Emerald Fennell as Camilla Parker Bowles
The Call the Midwife actress will return as Charles' now-married lover and soulmate, Camilla.
Andrew Buchan as Andrew Parker Bowles
The Broadchurch star will be back as the polo-loving husband of Camilla.
Gillian Anderson as Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher
The iconic star of The X-Files joins the cast as the highly controversial but long-running PM Margaret Thatcher, who shares a frosty relationship with the Queen.
Emma Corrin as Lady Diana Spencer, Princess of Wales
Newcomer Emma Corrin joins the cast as the young aristocratic beauty who becomes the wife of Prince Charles, but is destined for unhappiness.
Geoffrey Breton as Captain Mark Phillips
Breton joins the cast as the equestrian military man who marries Princess Anne and refuses a royal title.
The Crown season 4 plot
Much of the new season will centred around the marriage of Prince Charles to the young aristocratic beauty Lady Diana Spencer, which is complicated by his continuing love of Camilla Parker Bowles.
Meanwhile, the Queen will grapple with a new prime minister in the form of the Iron Lady herself, Margaret Thatcher, whose actions bring wealth to some and destruction to others.
Other events will include the marriage of Princess Anne and Mark Phillips, the death of Lord Mountbatten, the Falklands War, the end of the Cold War, economic troubles, and the Queen facing multiple instances of extreme danger.
The season is expected to end with the fall of Margaret Thatcher in 1990.
The Crown season 4 trailer
There is no trailer for the new season yet.
We will post the first footage we have as soon as we are able.
The Crown seasons 1-3 are currently available on Netflix.
Are you a fan of The Crown? Let us know in the comments below.


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This article was recorded by Ida Ansell in shorthand. As, however, Swamiji's speed was too great for her in her early days, dots are put in the articles to indicate the omissions, while the words within square brackets are added by way of linking up the disconnected parts.
(Delivered in California, on April 1, 1900)
Almost the same circumstances which gave birth to Buddhism in India surrounded the rise of Krishna. Not only this, the events of that day we find happening in our own times.
There is a certain ideal. At the same time there must always be a large majority of the human race who cannot come up to the ideal, not even intellectually. ... The strong ones carry it out and many times have no sympathy for the weak. The weak to the strong are only beggars. The strong ones march ahead. ... Of course, we see at once that the highest position to take is to be sympathetic and helpful to those who are weak. But then, in many cases the philosopher bars the way to our being sympathetic. If we go by the theory that the whole of this infinite life has to be determined by the few years' existence here and now, ... then it is very hopeless for us, ... and we have no time to look back upon those who are weak. But if these are not the conditions — if the world is only one of the many schools through which we have to pass, if the eternal life is to be moulded and fashioned and guided by the eternal law, and eternal law, eternal chances await everyone — then we need not be in a hurry. We have time to sympathise, to look around, stretch out a helping hand to the weak and bring them up.
With Buddhism we have two words in Sanskrit: one is translated religion, the other, a sect. It is the most curious fact that the disciples and descendants of Krishna have no name for their religion [although] foreigners call it Hinduism or Br‚hmanism. There is one religion, and there are many sects. The moment you give it a name, individualise it and separate it from the rest, it is a sect, no more a religion. A sect [proclaims] its own truth and declares that there is no truth anywhere else. Religion believes that there has been, and still is, one religion in the world. There never were two religions. It is the same religion [presenting] different aspects in different places. The task is to conceive the proper understanding of the goal and scope of humanity.
This was the great work of Krishna: to clear our eyes and make us look with broader vision upon humanity in its march upward and onward. His was the first heart that was large enough to see truth in all, his the first lips that uttered beautiful words for each and all.
This Krishna preceded Buddha by some thousand years. ... A great many people do not believe that he ever existed. Some believe that [the worship of Krishna grew out of] the old sun worship. There seem to be several Krishnas: one was mentioned in the Upanishads, another was king, another a general. All have been lumped into one Krishna. It does not matter much. The fact is, some individual comes who is unique in spirituality. Then all sorts of legends are invented around him. But, all the Bibles and stories which come to be cast upon this one person have to be recast in [the mould of] his character. All the stories of the New Testament have to be modelled upon the accepted life [and] character of Christ. In all of the Indian stories about Buddha the one central note of that whole life is kept up — sacrifice for others. ...
In Krishna we find ... two ideas [stand] supreme in his message: The first is the harmony of different ideas; the second is non-attachment. A man can attain to perfection, the highest goal, sitting on a throne, commanding armies, working out big plans for nations. In fact, Krishna's great sermon was preached on the battlefield.
Krishna saw plainly through the vanity of all the mummeries, mockeries, and ceremonials of the old priests; and yet he saw some good in them.
If you are a strong man, very good! But do not curse others who are not strong enough for you. ... Everyone says, "Woe unto you people! !" Who says, "Woe unto me that I cannot help you?" The people are doing all right to the best of their ability and means and knowledge. Woe unto me that I cannot lift them to where I am!
So the ceremonials, worship of gods, and myths, are all right, Krishna says. ... Why? Because they all lead to the same goal. Ceremonies, books, and forms— all these are links in the chain. Get hold! That is the one thing. If you are sincere and have really got hold of one link, do not let go; the rest is bound to come. [But people] do not get hold. They spend the time quarrelling and determining what they should get hold of, and do not get hold of anything. ... We are always after truth, but never want to get it. We simply want the pleasure to go about and ask. We have a lot of energy and spend it that way. That is why Krishna says: Get hold of any one of these chains that are stretched out from the common centre. No one step is greater than another. ... Blame no view of religion so far as it is sincere. Hold on to one of these links, and it will pull you to the centre. Your heart itself will teach all the rest. The teacher within will teach all the creeds, all the philosophies. ...
Krishna talks of himself as God, as Christ does. He sees the Deity in himself. And he says, "None can go a day out of my path. All have to come to me. Whosoever wants to worship in whatsoever form, I give him faith in that form, and through that I meet him. ..."(Gita, IV. 12.) His heart is all for the masses.
Independent, Krishna stands out. The very boldness of it frightens us. We depend upon everything — ... upon a few good words, upon circumstances.  Worship leads to the same goal. Krishna lays great stress upon worship. Worship God!
Various sorts of worship we see in this world. The sick man is very worshipful to God. ... There is the man who loses his fortune; he also prays very much, to get money. The highest worship is that of the man who loves God for God's sake. [The question may be asked :] "Why should there be so much sorrow if there is a God?" The worshipper replies! " ... There is misery in the world; [but] because of that I do not cease to love God. I do not worship Him to take away my [misery]. I love Him because He is love itself." The other [types of worship] are lower-grade; but Krishna has no condemnation for anything. It is better to do something than to stand still. The man who begins to worship God will grow by degrees and begin to love God for love's sake. ...
How to attain purity living this life? Shall we all go to the forest caves? What good would it do? If the mind is not under control, it is no use living in a cave because the same mind will bring all disturbances there. We will find twenty devils in the cave because all the devils are in the mind. If the mind is under control, we can have the cave anywhere, wherever we are.
It is our own mental attitude which makes the world what it is for us. Our thoughts make things beautiful, our thoughts make things ugly. The whole world is in our own minds. Learn to see things in the proper light. First, believe in this world — that there is meaning behind everything. Everything in the world is good, is holy and beautiful. If you see something evil, think that you are not understanding it in the right light. Throw the burden on yourselves! ... Whenever we are tempted to say that the world is going to the dogs, we ought to analyse ourselves, and we shall find that we have lost the faculty of seeing things as they are.
Work day and night! "Behold, I am the Lord of the Universe. I have no duty. Every duty is bondage. But I work for work's sake. If I ceased to work for a minute, [there would be chaos]."(Ibid. III. 22-23.) So do thou work, without any idea of duty. ...
This world is a play. You are His playmates. Go on and work, without any sorrow, without any misery. See His play in the slums, in the saloons! Work to lift people! Not that they are vile or degraded; Krishna does not say that.
Do you know why so little good work is done? My lady goes to the slum. ... She gives a few ducats and says, "My poor men, take that and be happy!" ... Or my fine woman, walking through the street, sees a poor fellow and throws him five cents. Think of the blasphemy of it! Blessed are we that the Lord has given us his teaching in your own Testament. Jesus says, "Inasmuch as ye have done it unto the least of these my brethren, ye have done it unto me." It is blasphemy to think that you can help anyone. First root out this idea of helping, and then go to worship. God's children are your Master's children. [And children are but different forms of the father.] You are His servant. ... Serve the living God! God comes to you in the blind, in the halt, in the poor, in the weak, in the diabolical.  The moment you think you are "helping", you undo the whole thing and degrade yourself. Knowing this, work. "What follows?" you say. You do not get that heartbreak, that awful misery. ... Then work is no more slavery. It becomes a play, and joy itself. ... Work! Be unattached! That is the whole secret. If you get attached, you become miserable. ...
With everything we do in life we identify ourselves. Here is a man who says harsh words to me. I feel anger coming on me. In a few seconds anger and I are one, and then comes misery. Attach yourselves to the Lord and to nothing else, because everything else is unreal. Attachment to the unreal will bring misery. There is only one Existence that is real, only one Life in which there is neither object nor [subject]. ...
But unattached love will not hurt you. Do anything — marry, have children. ... Do anything you like — nothing will hurt you. Do nothing with the idea of "mine". Duty for duty's sake; work for work's sake. What is that to you? You stand aside.
When we come to that non-attachment, then we can understand the marvellous mystery of the universe; how it is intense activity and vibration, and at the same time intensest peace and calm; how it is work every moment and rest every moment. That is the mystery of the universe — the impersonal and personal in one, the infinite and finite in one. Then we shall find the secret. "He who finds in the midst of intense activity the greatest rest, and in the midst of the greatest rest intense activity, he has become a Yogi." (Ibid. IV. 18.) He alone is a real worker, none else. We do a little work and break ourselves. Why? We become attached to that work. If we do not become attached, side by side with it we have infinite rest. ...
How hard it is to arrive at this sort of non-attachment! Therefore Krishna shows us the lower ways and methods. The easiest way for everyone is to do [his or her] work and not take the results. It is our desire that binds us. If we take the results of actions, whether good or evil, we will have to bear them. But if we work not for ourselves, but all for the glory of the Lord, the results will take care of themselves. "To work you have the right, but not to the fruits thereof." (Ibid. II. 47.) The soldier works for no results. He does his duty. If defeat comes, it belongs to the general, not to the soldier. We do our duty for love's sake — love for the general, love for the Lord. ...
If you are strong, take up the Vedanta philosophy and be independent. If you cannot do that, worship God; if not, worship some image. If you lack strength even to do that, do some good works without the idea of gain. Offer everything you have unto the service of the Lord. Fight on! "Leaves and water and one flower — whosoever lays anything on my altar, I receive it with equal delights."(Ibid IX. 26.) If you cannot do anything, not a single good work, then take refuge [in the Lord]. "The Lord resides within the heart of the being, making them turn upon His wheel. Do thou with all thy soul and heart take refuge in Him. ...(Ibid XVIII. 61-62.)
These are some of the general ideas that Krishna preached on this idea of love [in the Gita]. There are [in] other great books, sermons on love — as with Buddha, as with Jesus. ...
A few words about the life of Krishna. There is a great deal of similarity between the lives of Jesus and Krishna. A discussion is going on as to which borrowed of the other. There was the tyrannical king in both places. Both were born in a manger. The parents were bound in both cases. Both were saved by angels. In both cases all the boys born in that year were killed. The childhood is the same. ... Again, in the end, both were killed. Krishna was killed by accident; he took the man who killed him to heaven. Christ was killed, and blessed the robber and took him to heaven.
There are a great many similarities in of the New Testament and the Gita. The human thought goes the same way. ... I will find you the answer in the words of Krishna himself: "Whenever virtue subsides and irreligion prevails, I come down. Again and again I come. Therefore, whenever thou seest a great soul struggling to uplift mankind, know that I am come, and worship. ..."(Ibid. IV. 8; X. 41.)
At the same time, if he comes as Jesus or as Buddha, why is there so much schism? The preachings must be followed! A Hindu devotee would say: It is God himself who became Christ and Krishna and Buddha and all these [great teachers]. A Hindu philosopher would say: These are the great souls; they are already free. And though free, they refuse to accept their liberation while the whole world is suffering. They come again and again, take a human embodiment and help mankind. They know from their childhood what they are and what they come for. ... They do not come through bondage like we do. ... They come out of their own free will, and cannot help having tremendous spiritual power. We cannot resist it. The vast mass of mankind is dragged into the whirlpool of spirituality, and the vibration goes on and on because one of these [great souls] gives a push. So it continues until all mankind is liberated and the play of this planet is finished.
Glory unto the great souls whose lives we have been studying! They are the living gods of the world. They are the persons whom we ought to worship. If He comes to me, I can only recognise Him if He takes a human form. He is everywhere, but do we see Him? We can only see Him if He takes the limitation of man. .... If men and ... animals are manifestations of God, these teachers of mankind are leaders, are Gurus. Therefore, salutations unto you, whose footstool is worshipped by angels! Salutations unto you leaders of the human race! Salutations unto you great teachers! You leaders have our salutations for ever and ever!


What started out as doodles to let coworkers know I was out to lunch grew into a series of single panel comics, exploring a range of ideas about life. They were digitally sketched and refined, then published to various social media platforms. The series contains 31 panels in total.
Most panels feature the character Juice, a young turtle with an unusually large head, as he explores the world around him.


--- title: Emacs cat-safe layout: post tags: [emacs, lisp] uuid: 47f5f041-2bfc-363f-0a94-73abb0b96ca6 ---
I was inspired by an item in Luke's Tumblr blog last night. It was a screenshot of a program called PawSense, which monitors a computer's keyboard for cat activity. (I don't know if it's any good, but it's funny.) As anyone with cats knows, it's not unusual to leave a computer only to come back later to see garbage typed in by a wandering cat. I wrote a version for Emacs today.
git clone git://github.com/skeeto/cat-safe.git
Put it (cat-safe.el
) somewhere in
your load-path
(like ~/.emacs.d/
) and put
this line in your .emacs
file,
This only monitors Emacs itself; it should help protect your buffers but not your web browser. When cat interference is detected Emacs switches focus to a junk buffer and lets the cat make a mess there instead. In case your cat happens to type out some Shakespeare you will be able to read it in the junk buffer. Just kill the junk buffer to return to work.
It could still use some improvement. Right now it looks for a single key being help down, excepting keys humans tend to hold down like backspace, delete, and space. If you play around with it you'll notice if you press several keys at once Emacs will sometimes create a pattern with them. I need to figure out a good way to detect this.
I'm going to run it at home for awhile to make sure it remains transparent, but still does its job. It will probably incur a performance penalty on frequently repeated keyboard macros.


For people who are in a position to give help: Post to your timeline every now & then that you're open to questions. That makes a difference— Stephanie Hurlburt (@sehurlburt) July 23, 2017
For people who are in a position to give help: Post to your timeline every now & then that you're open to questions. That makes a difference


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Classifying images using a pre trained model in TensorFlow.js
Classifying images using a pre trained model in TensorFlow.js
Difficulty: Easy
How to use
Please wait for the model to load before trying the demos below at which point they will become visible when ready to use.
Demo: Classify Images
Click on an image below to try and recognize what is in the image using the power of Machine Learning!
Demo: Webcam continuous classification
Hold some objects up close to your webcam (avoid having lots of stuff in the shot at the same time for best results) to get a real time classification! You must be on the https version of the website for this to work. When ready click "enable webcam" below and accept access to the webcam when the browser asks (check the top left of your window)


DIE HARD WITH A VENGEANCE A film review by Michael J. Legeros Copyright 1995 Michael J. Legeros
(Fox) Directed by John McTiernan Written by Jonathan Hensleigh Cast Bruce Willis, Jeremy Irons, Samuel L. Jackson, Graham Greene, Colleen Camp, Larry Bryggman, Sam Phillips MPAA Rating "R" (presumably for language and violence) Running Time 125 minutes Reviewed at Wynnsong Cinema 10, Durham, NC (19MAY95)
==
Time has worked in favor of DIE HARD WITH A VENGEANCE, the first gas- guzzling action sequel of the summer. We've had over five years to forget the formulas of both DIE HARD (1988) and DIE HARDER (1990), so we don't really notice that the new film isn't set at Christmastime, and that it doesn't involve the character of McClane's wife. We've also forgotten the *follies* of the first films-- such as continuity errors and tone problems. (Remember the Pacific Bell telephones in DIE HARD 2?)  And it feels fresh, thanks to a strong cast, a great plot, and the best location for filming on the face of the earth.
Bruce Willis is back as John McClane, the New York cop known for ending up in the wrong place at the wrong time. These days he's not doing too well-- he's on suspension, estranged from his wife, and suffering from a hangover that lasts the entire film. His salvation from self-destruct- ion is a Harlem repair-shop owner (Samuel L. Jackson), who becomes McClane's reluctant partner in a battle of wits against a riddle-toting bomber (Jeremy Irons). Jackson's character seems to be written as McClane's "human side," but their relationship is never adequately fleshed-out. They don't bond. The casting of aristocratic actor Jeremy Irons as the villain is a nice touch, though. He has a grand old time hacking his way through a bad German accent, even if he isn't terribly, ahem, animated.
The plot of DIE HARD WITH A VENGEANCE plays more like a caper-film than anything else. The superbly staged action sequences are little more than bookends to a marvelously intricate heist that recalls a certain 1964 James Bond film. The car chases and subway explosions are a gas, to be sure, but what's really neat is watching the bad guys march right through Wall Street in an audacious daylight robbery. (The rest of the plot has Willis et al tracking down chemical bombs. Its an amusing division.)
Not surprisingly, DIE HARD WITH A VENGEANCE runs low on steam at the end. When the caper concludes, all that's left is for the bad guys to get theirs. Unfortunately, the last two sequences, involving a ship and a helicopter, are rushed and they don't deliver the expected emotional payoff. Instead of flash, its a fizzle. The movie just ends. There are other examples of bad editing, such as the many small plot details that need more explanation. For example, just how *does* McClane manage to muster cross-jurisdictional support at the very end of the story?  Blame the rushed production schedule.
The most enjoyable aspect of DIE HARD WITH A VENGEANCE is, of course, New York City. The villains blow up Wall Street, the heroes careen through Central Park, and everyone keeps asking about last night's lotto. There's flourish after flourish, from spectators gawking at fire engines to dump-truck drivers who know obscure presidential trivia. For a good ninety minutes, Bruce, Sam, and Jeremy play opposite the film's most colorful character, the City. Who can say what's more exciting, subway trains exploding, or *New York* subway trains exploding?
BOTTOM LINE: Badly edited, but still the best New York movie in a while. One question, where's Andrew Guiliani?
Grade: B+
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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About Me
Academics
I am a sophomore at Rochester Insitute of Technology, majoring in Game Design and Development within the School of Interactive Games and Media. I am also pursuing a minor in Mathematics.
Background
When I am not going to school in Rochester, I live in Doylestown, PA. It is a medium-sized town, just under an hour north of Philadelphia.
Activities / Clubs
I am a member of the Computer Science House at RIT and am the captian of its volleyball intramural team. I am also a member of the RIT Pep Band.
Games
Being a Game Design and Development student, I draw inspiration from my favorite titles. I grew up playing Dota 2 and have followed the esports scene for a number of years. Other, more recent favorites include Stardew Valley, Divinity: Original Sin 2, and Dungeons & Dragons.


|
Index
ANS
API
Debugger
Download
Licensing
Links
Locals
OOP In Ficl
Parse Steps
Release History
Upgrading To 4.0
| |
Unlike every other FORTH we know of, Ficl features an extensible
parser chain. The Ficl parser is not a monolithic function; instead,
it is comprised of a simple tokenizer and a series of parse steps.
A parse step is a step in the parser chain that handles a particular kind
of token, acting on the token as appropriate. Example parse steps, in
terms of traditional FORTH lore, would be the "number runner" and the
"colon compiler".
The Ficl parser works like this:
-
Read in a new token (string of text with no internal whitespace).
-
For each parse step in the chain, call the parse step, passing in the token.
If the parse step returns
FICL_TRUE , that parse step must have
handled the token appropriately; move on to the next token.
-
If the parser tries all the parse steps and none of them return
FICL_TRUE , the token is illegal—print an error
and reset the virtual machine.
Parse steps can be written as native functions, or as Ficl script functions.
New parse steps can be appended to the chain at any time.
These is the default Ficl parser chain, shown in order.
-
?word
-
If compiling and local variable support is enabled, attempt to find the token in the local
variable dictionary. If found, execute the token's compilation semantics and return
FICL_TRUE .
Attempt to find the token in the system dictionary. If found, execute the token's semantics
(may be different when compiling than when interpreting) and return FICL_TRUE .
-
?prefix
-
This parse step is only active if prefix support is enabled, setting
FICL_WANT_PREFIX
in ficl.h to a non-zero value.
Attempt to match the beginning of the token to the list of known prefixes. If there's a match,
execute the associated prefix method and return FICL_TRUE .
-
?number
-
Attempt to convert the token to a number in the present
BASE . If successful, push the
value onto the stack if interpreting, otherwise compile it, then return FICL_TRUE .
-
?float
-
This parse step is only active if floating-point number support is enabled,
setting
FICL_WANT_FLOAT in ficl.h to a non-zero value.
Attempt to convert the token to a floating-point number. If successful, push the
value onto the floating-point stack if interpreting, otherwise compile it,
then return FICL_TRUE .
You can add a parse step in two ways. The first is to write a Ficl word that
has the correct stack signature for a parse step:
MY-PARSE-STEP ( c-addr u -- x*i flag )
where c-addr u are the address and length of the incoming token,
and flag is FICL_TRUE if the parse step processed
the token and FICL_FALSE otherwise.
Install the parse step using add-parse-step .
A trivial example:
: ?silly ( c-addr u -- flag )
." Oh no! Not another " type cr true ;
' ?silly add-parse-step
parse-order
The other way to add a parse step is to write it in C and add it into the
parse chain with the following function:
void ficlSystemAddPrimitiveParseStep(ficlSystem *system, char *name, ficlParseStep step);
name is the display name of the parse step in the parse chain
(as displayed by the Ficl word PARSE-ORDER ). step
is a pointer to the code for the parse step itself,
and must match the following declaration:
typedef int (*ficlParseStep)(ficlVm *vm, ficlString s);
When a native parse step is run, si points to the incoming token.
The parse step must return FICL_TRUE if it succeeds in handling the
token, and FICL_FALSE otherwise.
See ficlVmParseNumber() in system.c for an example.
What's a prefix, anyway? A prefix (contributed by Larry Hastings) is a token that's
recognized as the beginning of another token. Its presence modifies the semantics of
the rest of the token. An example is 0x , which causes digits following
it to be converted to hex regardless of the current value of BASE .
Caveat: Prefixes are matched in sequence, so the more of them there are,
the slower the interpreter gets. On the other hand, because the prefix
parse step occurs immediately after the dictionary lookup step, if you
have a prefix for a particular purpose, using it may save time since it
stops the parse process. Also, the Ficl interpreter is wonderfully fast,
and most interpretation only happens once, so it's likely you won't notice
any change in interpreter speed even if you make heavy use of prefixes.
Each prefix is a Ficl word stored in a special wordlist called <PREFIXES> . When the
prefix parse step (?prefix , implemented in C as ficlVmParsePrefix() ) is
executed, it searches each word in <PREFIXES> in turn, comparing it with the
initial characters of the incoming token. If a prefix matches, the parse step returns the remainder
of the token to the input stream and executes the code associated with the prefix. This code can be
anything you like, but it would typically do something with the remainder of the token. If the prefix
code does not consume the rest of the token, it will go through the parse process again (which may
be what you want).
Prefixes are defined in prefix.c and in softcore/prefix.fr .
The best way to add prefixes is by defining them in your own code, bracketed with the special
words START-PREFIXES and END-PREFIXES . For example, the following
code would make .( a prefix.
start-prefixes
: .( .( ;
end-prefixes
The compile-time constant FICL_EXTENDED_PREFIX controls the inclusion of
several additional prefixes. This is turned off in the default build, since several
of these prefixes alter standard behavior, but you might like them.
-
Prefixes and parser extensions are non-standard. However, with the exception of
prefix support, Ficl's default parse order follows the standard.
Inserting parse steps in some other order will almost certainly break standard behavior.
-
The number of parse steps that can be added to the system is limited by the value of
FICL_MAX_PARSE_STEPS (defined in sysdep.h ). The default
maximum number is 8.
-
The compile-time constant
FICL_EXTENDED_PREFIX controls the inclusion of
several additional prefixes. This is turned off in the default build, since several
of these prefixes alter standard behavior, but you might like them.
-
PARSE-ORDER ( -- )
-
Prints the list of parse steps, in the order in which they are called.
-
ADD-PARSE-STEP ( xt -- )
-
Appends a parse step to the parse chain.
xt is the address
(execution token) of a Ficl word to use as the parse step. The word must be a
legal Ficl parse step (see above).
-
SHOW-PREFIXES ( -- )
-
Prints the list of all prefixes. Each prefix is a Ficl word that is executed if its name
is found at the beginning of a token.
-
START-PREFIXES ( -- )
-
Declares the beginning of a series of prefix definitions.
Should be followed, eventually, by
END-PREFIXES .
(All START-PREFIXES does is tell the Ficl virtual machine
to compile into the <PREFIXES> wordlist.)
-
END-PREFIXES ( -- )
-
Declares the end of a series of prefix definitions.
Should only be used after calling
START-PREFIXES .
(All END-PREFIXES does is tell the Ficl virtual machine
to switch back to the wordlist that was in use before START-PREFIXES was called.)
|


CovLab Global Collaborate on COVID-19 solutions
One of our goals is to help people from around the world connect and make a solution to fight back against Covid-19 by making solutions.
Another goal is to make sure that contestants get rewarded for their hardwork by giving them rewards provided by our Sponsors who made this all possible!
Another important goal is to make sure that people interact with other, meeting new people and exploring each others skills makes these days at home a learning experience.
These are the masterminds behind the hackathon!
@larson_carter#4511
@ricozhuthegreat#6301
@Mai#1988
@diegoroux04#8614
@blckwolf5851#2078
@Pat#0815
Question that help out those who want to compete!
You can register at this link
You can have a maximum of 5 people on your team
The hackathon submissions ends on May 4th, 2020 at 2pm on the dot!
No,but you will miss out on important information and announcements!
You can check out Our Devpost or join Our Discord


Insertion Sort:
It is one of a sorting technique which is used to sort the elements of list in particular fashion. In insertion sort a single list is divided into list: sorted and unsorted list. In starting sorted list is empty, in each step one element is taken from the unsorted list and put it in proper place in sorted list.
The worst case complexity of insertion sort is. It means insertion sort takes maximum time to sort a list having n elements. The time taken by insertion sort to sort lists each having k elements is
The worst-case time complexity of insertion sort to sort the sub lists each of length k is .
If user uses 2-list merge to merge all lists it would take time because then user need n time to copy each element and create a new sorted list. Also there are of total n/k list to be merged.
But to achieve time, one can use pairwise merging. So, user starts with initial lists and makes pairs of them and merges them. After this step there are some resultant lists which are sorted. Then again user does the same to those resultant lists by applying pairwise merging and this process will go on till user will end up with a single list.
Since merging needs time at each level and there are of total of ceil height of tree because at starting the number of list starts with n/k. So, the total running time for merging is.
Therefore, using the above process it is possible to merge sub lists in worst case time.
The complexity of modified algorithm is. The worst case complexity of merge sort is.
In modified algorithm the largest value of k should not be more than, in order to make complexity equal to merge sort.
The value of k should not be more than,
Now put in modified algorithm complexity
Here ignoring constant and taking the higher turn will give the complexity
Now to check that it is the maximum value for k, assume the value for k greater than
…… (1)
Multiply by n on both sides, the equation (1) will become
…… (2)
From equation (2), the complexity will become,
Ignore lower term.
But this contradicts the condition that the complexity cannot exceed the running time of original merge sort.
Hence the value for k should not be greater than .
Since it is a constant factor, so user must select the value of k for which merge sort takes more time than insertion sort. Also this value will vary from computer to computer.
A bubble sort is a sorting algorithm which is used to arrange elements of an array in ascending or descending order. In each iteration, the algorithm checks adjacent elements to determine whether the first element is smaller than later element or not, if not, elements are exchanged.
Two prove that bubble sort is correct, the output array must be in sorted order and the elements in the output array must be the elements in the original elements in A (irrespective of their order).
• Since it is already given that the output array contains the sorted elements, it is enough to prove contains all the elements of A.
• In other words, it is enough to prove that one of the permutations of A is same as.
A loop invariant is any condition or value of any variable in a program that must be true before and after each iteration of any loop.
• The goal of for loop in lines 2-4 is to place the least element of the sub array A[i,n] at ith position.
• At the start of each iteration of for loop defined in line 2-4, the sub-array A contains elements of A but only in index between j and n.
• At the end or start of for loop from line 2-4, the jth position contains the smallest element between j and n.
Initialization:
In starting of ‘for’ loop defined in line 2-4, the value of j is equal to n. The sub array A contains only one element which is smallest among j and n. Therefore the loop invariant trivially holds.
Maintenances:
• The 3rd line compares the jth and j-1th element of array A in each iteration of for loop. When the jth element is smaller than j-1th element, then the 4th line of BUBBLESORT() algorithm swaps these two elements.
• Swapping will not alter the permutation so loop invariant will hold true.
• At the end of each iteration, the ith position contains the smallest element between j and n, because the last comparison happens between, jth and ith elements.
• Decreasing the value of j after every iteration will maintains the invariant.
Termination:
• The ‘for’ loop terminates when value of j becomes equal to i.
• After the termination of inner for loop the ith index contains the smallest element between i and n.
Loop invariant:
In each iteration of for loop defined in line 1-4, the sub-array contains i-1 elements in ascending order.
Initialization:
In starting of ‘for’ loop defined in line 1-4, the value of i is equal to 1. The sub array does not contain any elements. Therefore the loop invariant holds.
Maintenances:
• According to part (b), the inner for loop defined in line 2-4, stores the smallest element at i.
• Also, in each iteration, i value is incremented by 1.
• That is, after ith iteration, sub arraycontains i number of smallest elements of array, in sorted order.
Termination:
• The outer ‘for’ loop terminates when the value of i becomes equal to n-1.
• That is, after the termination of the outer for loop, the arraycontains the elements of original array in sorted order.
• The running time of any algorithm depends on number of times the basic operation executes.
• In BUBBLESORT() algorithm two for loops are used to compare elements(basic operation).
• The iteration of inner for loop defined in line 2-4 depends on the value of i.
When value of i is 1 then inner for loop iterates times, similarly when value of i is 2 then inner for loop iterates times. So, for i the inner for loop iterates times
Add and subtract n
Hence, the running time of BUBBLESORT () algorithm becomes , because n 2 is the dominant.
Comparison with Insertion sort:
• Consider the insertion sort algorithm provided in section 2.2. The running time of insertion sort in worst case is also and in the best case the complexity is reduced to.
• In the bubble sort mentioned above, the complexity will remain same that is in both worst and best cases.
Correctness of Horner’s rule
a) Line 1 executes only one time to initialize the value of y to zero.
Line 2 executes n times as the single for loop goes from n to 0.
Line 3 executes 1 times.
The running time is 1+n+1=n+2.
Hence the running time of the given code for Horner’s rule in terms of Θ-notation
is Θ(n).
b) PSEUDOCODE for NAIVE polynomial – evaluation algorithm is
NAIVE-POLY-EVAL(P, x):
1. y ← 0
2. for i ← 0 to length(P)
3. do ai ← P[i]
4. z ← 1
5. for j ← 1 to i
6. do z ← x·z
7. y ← y + ai·z
8. return y
Here y will contain the coefficients of the polynomial P.
Running time of NAIVE polynomial – evaluation algorithm is the Θ(n2). There
are two for loops. The inner for loop executes for n times and outer for loop executes for n times. Hence the running time of this algorithm is Θ(n2).
The running time of Horner’s rule is Θ(n) whereas the running time of NAIVE
polynomial – evaluation algorithm is the Θ(n2).
c) The loop invariant proofs consist of three parts: Initialization, Maintenance and
Termination.
Initialization: Initialize y = 0 and i = n at the beginning of the loop. i
Maintenance: For each iteration of the loop, is calculated and is assigned to y and in the next loop iteration the value y is used as a coefficient to x.
Termination: When the loop terminates with a condition i < 0 and when the last iteration finishes, the ‘i’ value becomes less than 0. When the loop terminates, i = -1 and at that iteration the y value becomes
d) To conclude that the given code correctly evaluates a polynomial, let take an
example.
According to Horner’s rule the polynomial evaluation will be as follows.
Step 1:
= 12
Step 2:
Step 3:
Step 4:
Usual Polynomial Method of Evaluation
=
Thus it can be concluded that Horner’s rule correctly evaluates a polynomial equation.
Consider an array of n distinct elements. Pair is called an inversion of array if the condition and is satisfied.
a)
Consider an array to calculate the inversion.
Take and (index start with 0).
Then and .
According to the definition of inversion and.
So the pair of inversion will be.
Similarly, the remaining four inversions are .
Therefore, all the five inversions are as follows .
b)
Arrange the elements in the set in reverse and store them in the array.
The elements in the array in reverse order are . This array has most inversion.
Calculate the total number of inversion in array is as follows:
Where first element has inversion and second element has inversion and so on.
c)
Relationship between the running time of insertion sort and the number of inversions in input array:
• In insertion sort every unsorted element of array is swapped by adjacent element.
• The process of insertion sort decreases the number of inversions in array A, because the element at location and will no longer is an inversion.
• If array has k inversion with then the element before m are sorted.
• Total number of iteration required in insertion sort is and inversion is perform only when and.
• So finally running time is where c indicates the number of inversion because inversion is required only for unsorted data.
d)
Modified merge sort algorithm is to determine the number of inversion in n permutation.
MERGE–SORT
// p is the starting point of array and r is the last index.
1. If
// set the value of inversion
2. Inversion= 0
//calculate the value of q
3.
// find the value of inversion where A is the Array name
4. inversions= inversions+ MERGE–SORT
5. inversions= inversions+ MERGE–SORT
6. inversions= inversions+ MERGE
// return the inversion
7. return inversions
// else part execute when if part is false
8. else
9. return 0
MERGE
//store the value in variable .
1.
//store the value in variable
2.
// take two new array and
3. for
// store the value of array A at ith location of array B
4.
5. for
6.
// initialize the value of i and j
7.
8.
//another for loop is used to traverse from p to r
9. for
//if index i is greater than
10. if
//copy the content of array B into array A
11.
// increment the value of j by 1
12. j++
//if index j is greater than
13. else if
//copy the content of array B into array A
14.
// increment the value of j by 1
15. i++
16. else
17.
18. j++
//find the inversion
19. inversions= inversions
20. return inversions
Explanation of algorithm:
• Merge sort algorithm uses the index values of the array.
• If initial index is less than the final array then initialize the value of inversion.
• Calculate the value of q.
• Find the value of inversion according to the line number 4, 5 and 6 of merge short algorithm.
• Next algorithm is used to count total number of inversion.
• Two new arrays are used to store the temporary value of explicit array.
• Different for loop is used to count the inversion at all specific value of array.


An implementation of the additive polynomial (AP) design matrix. It constructs and appends an AP design matrix to a data frame for use with longitudinal data subject to seasonality.
| Version: | 1.0.0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.2.3) |
| Imports: | Matrix (≥ 1.2) |
| Suggests: | testthat |
| Published: | 2016-11-15 |
| Author: | Tyler Matta [aut, cre], Quinn Lathrop [ctb], Yeow Meng Thum [ctb] |
| Maintainer: | Tyler Matta <tyler.matta at gmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-3 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | README NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | apdesign results |
| Reference manual: | apdesign.pdf |
| Package source: | apdesign_1.0.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: apdesign_1.0.0.zip, r-release: apdesign_1.0.0.zip, r-oldrel: apdesign_1.0.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: apdesign_1.0.0.tgz, r-oldrel: apdesign_1.0.0.tgz |
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