Map, Filter, and Reduce: Functional Programming Gems
Map, filter, and reduce are useful tools that facilitate a coding ethos known as Functional Programming.
Functional programming is a paradigm in which we create programs using expressions and declarations rather than statements.
const cats = [
// expression
{ name: "fluffy", age: 10 },
{ name: "charles", age: 14 },
{ name: "earl", age: 1 },
{ name: "antoinette", age: 3 },
];
// declaration
let catsAfterFiveYears = cats.map((cat) =>
Object.assign({}, cat, { age: cat.age + 5 })
);
Writing this code using a statement would iterate through with a for loop like this:
// statement
function insteadOfUsingMap() {
var nextCats = [];
for (var i = 0; i < cats.length; i++) {
let thisCat = cats[i];
thisCat.age += 5;
nextCats.push(thisCat);
}
return nextCats;
}
let catsAfterFiveYears = insteadOfUsingMap();
Both pieces of code work. But imagine what would happen if we wanted to tweak the code slightly. The FP approach is more maintainable, and it’s easy to see at a glance what is going on. Also, it is not prone to typos (what if you accidentally mutate your for loop variable, for instance).
So what does it look like?
map
, filter
, and reduce
enable programming in an FP style. A good way to understand what a function is doing is to see how it is invoked and then try to mimic its behavior by coding it yourself. That’s what we’ll do, as well as provide a few examples of how the built-in functions can be used.
Map and filter both take a callback function that is passed these parameters:
- the current element (required)
- the index of the element in the array (optional)
- the array that is being mapped over (optional)
- a value to use as
this
when executing the function (optional)
Map
Map applies a function to every element of an array and returns an array containing the results of these applications. In FP, it is often called “apply-to-all”.
Here are some examples.
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].map((num) => num * 2);
// [2, 4, 6, 8, 10]
multiply every element by two
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].map((num, idx) => (idx % 2 !== 0 ? num * 2 : num));
// [1, 4, 3, 8, 5]
multiply every odd-indexed element by two
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].map((num, idx, arr) =>
idx !== 0 && idx < arr.length - 1 ? num * 2 : num
);
// [1, 4, 6, 8, 5]
multiply every element (except the first and last) by two
We can also apply the array’s map
to other types, like strings.
'fluffykins'.map(e=>e)
gives us a TypeError, because strings do not have a map
function. But we can apply array map’s function to strings, like this:
Array.prototype.map
.call("fluffykins", (letter) => {
return String.fromCharCode(letter.charCodeAt() + 1);
})
.join("");
// "gmvggzljot"
shift every letter of a string one to the “right” in the alphabet
Map can also be chained: for example, to operate on nested arrays.
[[1, 2], [3, 4], [5]].map((subArray) => {
return subArray.map((e, idx, arr) => (arr.length > 1 ? e * 2 : e));
});
// [[2,4],[6,8],[5]]
multiply each element of every nested array by two if it contains more than one element
Let’s write our own map.
function myOwnMap(array, callback, thisArg) {
thisArg = thisArg || null;
let results = [];
for (var idx = 0; idx < array.length; idx++) {
results.push(callback.apply(thisArg, [array[idx], idx, array]));
}
return results;
}
Note what map’s doing: it’s taking this iteration over the elements and wrapping it up into a function that we only have to write once. We can then re-use that function with more complex logic (checking indices, comparing elements) or more complex data types (arrays of objects with many interrelated keys) without worrying about the low-level implementation.
myOwnMap([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], (num, idx, arr) =>
idx !== 0 && idx < arr.length - 1 ? num * 2 : num
);
// [1, 4, 6, 8, 5]
Nice!
Filter
Filter tests every element of an array against a callback function, returning all elements that pass the test. In FP, it is often called “remove-if”.
Filter passes its callback functions the same parameter as map. The only difference is that instead of returning a result array with the callback’s return value, it returns a result array with the elements for which the callback’s return value is true.
Here are some examples.
const firstFibs = [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89, 144, 233];
const fibsUnder100 = firstFibs.filter((fNum) => fNum < 100);
// [0, 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, 21, 34, 55, 89]
Fibonacci numbers under 100 from a larger list
const numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10];
const middle8 = numbers.filter(
(num, idx, arr) => idx !== 0 && idx < arr.length - 1
);
// [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9]
filter out the first and last numbers from an array
const mixedTypes = [
1, "3", { obj: "a" }, 77, "cats", "cute cats", "misc text"
];
const onlyStrings = mixedTypes.filter((e) => typeof e === "string");
// ["3", "cats", "cute cats", "misc text"]
extract strings from an array
Filter can also be chained.
const mixedTypes = [
1, "3", { obj: "a" }, 77, "cats", "cute cats", "misc text"
];
const onlySingleWordStrings = mixedTypes
.filter((e) => typeof e === "string")
.filter((e) => e.split(" ").length === 1);
// ["3", "cats"]
extract strings from an array that only have a single word (no spaces)
Let’s write our own filter.
function myOwnFilter(array, callback, thisArg) {
thisArg = thisArg || null;
let results = [];
for (var idx = 0; idx < array.length; idx++) {
let result = callback.apply(thisArg, [array[idx], idx, array]);
if (result) {
// if element meets conditions
results.push(array[idx]);
}
}
return results;
}
It works!
myOwnFilter([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], (e) => e > 2);
// [3,4,5]
Reduce
Reduce
takes an array of elements and reduce
s them to a single element, following the rule given by the callback function supplied. Reduce also takes an optional initialValue
, the value of the accumulator before any operations are performed. It is often used to sum/multiply/subtract/divide.
In FP, reduce is known as fold
.
Reduce passes its callback different parameters than map
and filter
.
- accumulator -> holds result of all previous reduce calls, or
initialValue
, if provided (required) - currentValue -> the current value being processed (required)
- currentIndex -> the index of currentValue (optional)
- the array that reduce is being called upon (optional)
It is also passed the optional parameter initialValue
.
Here are some examples.
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].reduce((acc, ele) => (acc += ele), 0);
// 15
sum all the numbers in an array
Note the use of the initialValue
. This is important. Imagine we try to reduce an empty array.
[].reduce((acc,ele)=>acc+=ele);
If we do not supply an initial value, we’ll get this error:
VM70:1 Uncaught TypeError: Reduce of empty array with no initial value
at Array.reduce (<anonymous>)
at <anonymous>:1:4
Reduce is trying to add nothing to nothing.
acc
is undefined, since at the beginning, it is equal tointialValue
ele
is undefined, since the array contains no elements. What’s undefined+undefined?
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].reduce(
(acc, ele, idx) => (idx % 2 !== 0 ? (acc += ele) : acc),
0
);
// 6
sum every odd-indexed element
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].reduce(
(acc, ele, idx, arr) =>
idx !== 0 && idx < arr.length - 1 ? (acc += ele) : acc,
0
);
// 9
sum all but the first and last element
Unlike map
and filter
, there is not an application for chaining reduce
, since its end product is a single value from many values: a mapping from many-to-one.
Let’s write our own reduce.
function myOwnReduce(array, callback, initialValue) {
let acc = initialValue;
for (var idx = 0; idx < array.length; idx++) {
acc = callback.apply(null, [acc, array[idx], idx, array]);
}
return acc;
}
It works the same way.
myOwnReduce(
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5],
(acc, ele, idx) => (idx % 2 !== 0 ? (acc += ele) : acc),
0
);
// 6
What about dot notation?
Our methods can be chained by functional composition , but not with dot notation.
If you wanted to write your own dot-chainable methods, see this
. The reason that we are able to chain the native .map
is because it is a prototype method
of the Array object.
You can but should not “monkey patch” built-in JS methods in this way:
Array.prototype.myOwnMap = function (callback, thisArg) {
thisArg = thisArg || null;
let results = [];
for (var idx = 0; idx < this.length; idx++) {
results.push(callback.apply(thisArg, [this[idx], idx, this]));
}
return results;
};
Note that this is identical to our myOwnMap
function, except instead of taking an array
argument, it uses this
to refer to the array it is operating on (itself).
Then we could do this:
[1, 2, 3, 4, 5].myOwnMap((e) => e * 10).myOwnMap((e) => e / 5);
// [2,4,6,8,10]
However, monkey-patching is almost never a good idea, nor is it a good idea to define a “special” map
behavior for your own objects. If you need a special behavior that uses map, write a function that describes the behavior and use map inside of it. It would be an especially bad idea to modify Array.prototype.map
directly, since every other instance in your code that uses map
will be effected, almost certainly for the worse.
These are tenets of functional programming: create functions that do not create side-effects. Create small and maintainable functions that can be composed to create larger functions.
Bring it all together: Calculating Standard Deviation
Standard deviation
is a common tool used to measure variance from a mean, assuming a normally distributed set of data. We’ll write a function using map
, reduce
, and filter
to calculate the standard deviation of a set of data, excluding data that lies outside the bounds passed to the function.
function standardDeviation(data, lowerBound, upperBound) {
lowerBound = lowerBound || Math.min(...data);
upperBound = upperBound || Math.max(...data);
let filteredData = data.filter((e) => e >= lowerBound && e <= upperBound);
let average =
filteredData.reduce((acc, ele) => (acc += ele), 0) / filteredData.length;
let numerator = filteredData
.map((e) => {
return Math.pow(e - average, 2);
})
.reduce((acc, ele) => (acc += ele), 0);
// don't divide by zero
let denominator = filteredData.length - 1;
if (denominator <= 0) {
return 0;
}
let division = numerator / denominator;
return Math.sqrt(division);
}
We can use the ES6 spread operator
with Math.min()
and Math.max()
to cleanly set default lower and upper bounds to the extent of the dataset, if no bounds are provided. Then, we just compose our previous functions to calculate the sample standard deviation.
TIL
Today we learned about map
, filter
, and reduce
, higher-order functions
that facilitate FP.
One goal of functional programming is to create code that can be reused. This means coding small, functional units that can be composed in different ways to produce different results. This makes code easier to reason about, test, and debug.
Try to identify places in your code where you can utilize a functional approach. If you’re interested more, try playing with Haskell …see Learn You a Haskell For Great Good for a fun starting point.


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MSGINIT(1) GNU MSGINIT(1) NAME msginit - initialize a message catalog SYNOPSIS msginit [OPTION] DESCRIPTION Creates a new PO file, initializing the meta information with values from the user's environment. Mandatory arguments to long options are mandatory for short options too. Input file location: -i, --input=INPUTFILE input POT file If no input file is given, the current directory is searched for the POT file. If it is -, standard input is read. Output file location: -o, --output-file=FILE write output to specified PO file If no output file is given, it depends on the --locale option or the user's locale setting. If it is -, the results are written to standard output. Input file syntax: -P, --properties-input input file is in Java .properties syntax --stringtable-input input file is in NeXTstep/GNUstep .strings syntax Output details: -l, --locale=LL_CC set target locale --no-translator assume the PO file is automatically generated --color use colors and other text attributes always --color=WHEN use colors and other text attributes if WHEN. WHEN may be 'always', 'never', 'auto', or 'html'. --style=STYLEFILE specify CSS style rule file for --color -p, --properties-output write out a Java .properties file --stringtable-output write out a NeXTstep/GNUstep .strings file -w, --width=NUMBER set output page width --no-wrap do not break long message lines, longer than the output page width, into several lines Informative output: -h, --help display this help and exit -V, --version output version information and exit AUTHOR Written by Bruno Haible. REPORTING BUGS Report bugs to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2001-2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html> This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law. SEE ALSO The full documentation for msginit is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and msginit programs are properly installed at your site, the command info msginit should give you access to the complete manual. GNU gettext-tools 0.18.1 June 2010 MSGINIT(1)


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Conor Hourihane hopes his hard work has put him in contention to start against Denmark
If he plays, the 28-year-old won’t afford himself a moment to smell the roses in front of a sell-out Aviva
by Michael ScullyConor Hourihane hopes a non-stop search for improvement has put him back in the frame for tomorrow’s winner-takes-all clash with Denmark.
If he plays, the 28-year-old won’t afford himself a moment to smell the roses in front of a sell-out Aviva after the sheer graft of making it to within one win from Euro 2020.
“I’m all about the hard work in this qualification campaign and the hard work down through the years,” said Hourihane.
“And it definitely won’t be a piece of p*** on Monday, if you want to quote that.
“Denmark are a very, very good side, we’ll probably go in as underdogs and hopefully that might suit us.”
Hourihane puts his progress from Barnsley in League Two to the Premier League with Aston Villa down to an indefatigable appetite for work.
He describes himself as his own toughest critic - and the Corkman instantly knew why he was dropped for Ireland’s last qualifier, the 2-0 loss in Switzerland. “I was poor against Georgia, I thought,” Hourihane said, reflecting on the scoreless draw in Tbilisi.
“And I think a few of the lads would agree we probably weren’t at our best.
“It was just one of those days but we came away with a vital point and it’s a cup final now against Denmark.”
Most of those who will be involved didn’t feature in the 3-1 win against New Zealand on Thursday.
But Hourihane was delighted that Mick McCarthy gave him half an hour in the engine room, looking on his run out as another chance to press his credentials.
“I wanted to get on,” he stressed. “I love playing for my country. Another cap, fantastic.
“Mick has always been good to me from that point of view. Whenever I play, I try to put in a performance to repay that faith.
“It was an opportunity for lads to stake a claim on Thursday night. The gaffer will decide if someone has done enough but every game is an opportunity to shine.
“It’s good to get another victory for the feelgood factor going into Monday. We had a job to do because if we didn’t win, lads wouldn’t be happy.
“We had to be professional, it was job done well and the lads scored well-taken goals.”
A non-playing sub in Geneva, Hourihane got down to work at the final whistle, making sure he made the most of on-field work-out.
It’s all part of his ‘every day counts’ outlook as he prepared himself for his return to Villa, and immediate start to his bid to get back in the Ireland line-up.
“All those bits of hard work takes you where you are,” he said. “It’s all been instilled in me.
“Nothing has come easy to me or my family - it’s been a long journey.
“I’ve always had to scrap for everything I’ve got, and it’s where I am now. I’m always up for the challenge of battling for places with other players and when you get chances like Thursday you’ve got to take them, because chances slip by.
“When those opportunity has come along, I’ve taken the majority of them. If I didn’t, I wouldn’t be here.
“Hard work is what I pride myself on.
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This is just a very simple Java assignment just to experiment with Drop Project
The source of this assignment is available on https://github.com/palves-ulht/sampleJavaAssignment
Create a Java project in your IDE with the structure depicted at the end of this page.
Within your Main
class, implement a static function to calculate the
maximum value on an array of integers. This function must have the following signature:
static int findMax(int[] numbers)
Create a zip file of your project and drop it on the area above these instructions.
In a few seconds, Drop Project will give you a report with some metrics about your project.
If you don't feel like coding this stuff, you can grab a pre-built submission
here.


{% extends "bootstrap.html" %}
{% load markdown_deux_tags %}
{% block title %}orchid{% endblock %}
{% block pre_extra %}
{{ noun.first_name }} {{ noun.last_name }}
It is important that we forgive ourselves for making mistakes. We need to learn from our errors and move on
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Time settings This page allows you to the modem's time configuration. Automatically synchronize with Internet time servers First NTP time server: Second NTP time server: Third NTP time server: Fourth NTP time server: Fifth NTP time server: Time zone offset:


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InfiniTD is a work-in-progress incremental, multiplayer tower defense game. It is the work of a single, hobbyist developer and is currently far from a finished game. The source code is available at github.com/rhofour/InfiniTDFrontend. Expect significant changes and occasional data wipes as development continues.
The general idea is it’s a tower defense game where you choose not only which towers to place where, but also which enemies will make up the waves. Your towers constantly face waves of enemies, even when you’re away meaning you’ll always have more gold when you come back. It’s impossible to lose, but how quickly you progress will be determined by how well you play. In addition to facing the waves you’ve designed you’ll also face the waves of players nearby on the leaderboard, making optimal play depend on how they’ve designed their defenses and waves (Note: This multiplayer aspect is coming soon).
Make an account by clicking on the account tab and logging in with one of Google, Facebook, or Github.
Next, select the “My Battleground” tab to see your battleground. This is where you’ll build your towers and watch them face waves of enemies.
To build a new tower open the build tab on the right and choose a tower you can afford. Next, select somewhere to place it. You can place a tower on any empty square that won’t separate the enemy spawn (the green circle) from the enemy goal (the red circle). The dirt path shows how enemies will travel to the goal. When you select a place for a tower to go you’ll see a representation of its range and firing rate. To actually build the tower click the build button or press ‘b’.
To get more gold you’ll have to defeat enemies. To do this open the wave tab and add enemies to a wave. The more enemies you can defeat the faster your gold will grow. To test out the wave go to the Battle tab and select start battle or press 'e'.
Once you finish a battle your gold rate will be updated based on the results. Every minute your gold will grow based on this gold rate.
In the future there will be multiplayer features, but those aren’t available yet.
Our Privacy Policy covers what data is collected and how it is used.
If you have any questions or feedback about the game I can be reached as follows:
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Sacked Pochettino's Massive Payout Revealed?
by SL InternationalDespite leading Tottenham Hotspur to a first-ever UEFA Champions League final last season, manager Mauricio Pochettino has been sacked and replaced by Jose Mourinho, but not before reportedly receiving a massive pay-out.
Read: World's Richest Club Revealed, Real Dethroned
Pochettino, whose side were defeated by Liverpool in the 2018/19 Champions League final, was sacked on Tuesday evening after a string of disappointing resultsa and replaced by Mourinho.
The former Southampton boss did not go quietly, however, and reportedly refused to resign from his position following weeks of discussion with chairman Daniel Levy about his future.
Click through the gallery below for images of Mourinho's former clubs
According to the Athletic, Spurs were thus left with no choice but to sack the 47-year-old, which contractually forced the club to make a massive £12m (R196 million) pay-out into his account.
Pochettino was the fifth-longest serving manager in the Premier League at the time of his sacking but had reportedly lost control of the dressing room, with players said to be too afraid to look him in the eye.
Read: Breaking: Spurs Appoint Mourinho
Per the report, Pochettino’s assistant Jesus Perez, and coaches Miguel d’Agostino and Antoni Jimenez have also left the club.


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java.lang.Object org.apache.tomcat.util.http.Cookies
A collection of cookies - reusable and tuned for server side performance. Based on RFC2965 ( and 2109 ) This class is not synchronized.
| Field Summary | |
static int |
INITIAL_SIZE
|
| Constructor Summary | |
Cookies()
Construct a new uninitialized cookie collection. |
|
Cookies(MimeHeaders headers)
Construct a new cookie collection, that will extract the information from headers. |
| Method Summary | |
ServerCookie |
addCookie()
Register a new, unitialized cookie. |
static boolean |
equals(java.lang.String s,
byte[] b,
int start,
int end)
|
static int |
findDelim1(byte[] bytes,
int off,
int end)
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static int |
findDelim2(byte[] bytes,
int off,
int end)
|
ServerCookie |
getCookie(int idx)
|
int |
getCookieCount()
|
static int |
indexOf(byte[] bytes,
int off,
int end,
byte qq)
|
static int |
indexOf(byte[] bytes,
int off,
int end,
char qq)
|
void |
log(java.lang.String s)
|
void |
processCookies(MimeHeaders headers)
Add all Cookie found in the headers of a request. |
void |
recycle()
Recycle. |
void |
setHeaders(MimeHeaders headers)
Set the headers from which cookies will be pulled. |
static int |
skipSpaces(byte[] bytes,
int off,
int end)
|
java.lang.String |
toString()
EXPENSIVE!!! only for debugging. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait |
| Field Detail |
public static final int INITIAL_SIZE
| Constructor Detail |
public Cookies(MimeHeaders headers)
headers
- Cookies are lazy-evaluated and will extract the
information from the provided headers.public Cookies()
setHeaders(org.apache.tomcat.util.http.MimeHeaders)
to initialize.
| Method Detail |
public void setHeaders(MimeHeaders headers)
headers
- Cookies are lazy-evaluated and will extract the
information from the provided headers.public void recycle()
public java.lang.String toString()
public ServerCookie getCookie(int idx)
public int getCookieCount()
public ServerCookie addCookie()
public void processCookies(MimeHeaders headers)
public static int skipSpaces(byte[] bytes, int off, int end)
public static int findDelim1(byte[] bytes, int off, int end)
public static int findDelim2(byte[] bytes, int off, int end)
public static int indexOf(byte[] bytes, int off, int end, byte qq)
public static int indexOf(byte[] bytes, int off, int end, char qq)
public static boolean equals(java.lang.String s, byte[] b, int start, int end)
public void log(java.lang.String s)
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David Beckham just got cooler eating Mee Goreng at Little India’s Tekka Market
by Coconuts SingaporeSingapore’s favorite Englishman was in town over the weekend, and in addition to attending events at the Marina Bay Sands as he usually does, David Beckham was also seen casually dining at the Little India Tekka Market.
A video of the former Red Devils’ star showed the 44-year-old at the hawker center chomping on Indian fried noodles among other things seen on his table was posted online Saturday. Also seen was a plate of thosai, an Indian dish similar to a crepe but made with rice batter.
Beckham appeared to be on a shoot at the time and was chatting with what looked like the host of the show, according to the 20-second clip posted to Facebook’s Singapore Ink page. A likely member of the camera crew, wearing earphones, can be seen at the end of the short clip. Beckham himself looks relaxed and smiling as many in the crowd around him look on awestruck.
Beckham earned praise from Singaporeans for his chopstick skills. Others wished he had tried other local dishes, like the popular coconut rice Nasi Lemak.
“He knows how to use chopsticks,” a seemingly impressed Wen Xuan wrote in the comments.
“Next time come [and] try nasi lemak with your lovely family,” a Carol Yoi said, clearly a fan of Beckham and his whole family — including his fashion designer slash former Spice Girls wife Victoria.
Other than hitting local eateries, Beckham, who we all know is the brand ambassador for Marina Bay Sands, also checked its new nightlife spots Avenue Lounge and Marquee.
He also spent an afternoon spray-painting with local graffiti artist Ceno2 at Somerset.
More news from the Little Red Dot at Coconuts.co/Singapore .


|
This is tentatively the AST structure for Velocity.
The structure is as would be described using ANTLR
BNF-style notation. A tree is described by
#(node node node) where #() represents the tree form.
The first node is the root of the tree, and following
nodes are all children.
Visually, #(A B C D E) might look like:
A
|
B-C-D-E
Root nodes must always be a terminal node, denoted by
an all-caps identifier.
Non-root nodes may be either terminal nodes, or sub-rules,
or inlined sub-trees.
A sub-rule might describe a tree, or simple a node.
block
:
#( BLOCK
(statement)*
)
;
statement
:
text
| if_statement
| foreach_statement
| include_statement
| set_statement
| parse_statement
| param_statement
| stop_statement
| reference
;
text
:
TEXT
;
// if/elseif/else chains should be represented solely
// by <if_statement>. <elseif> is simply an <if_statement>
// in the false-branch of the preceeding <if_statement>
// while <else> is simply an <if_statement> where the
// <expr> evaluates to TRUE always, and no false-branch
// is provided.
if_statement
:
#( IF
// The expression to test
expr
// True branch
block
// False branch
( block )?
)
;
foreach_statement
:
#( FOREACH
// Value to assign for each iteration
reference
// List of objects to iterator
reference
// command-block to execute
( block )?
)
;
set_statement
:
#( SET
// Variable to set
reference
// Value to assign
expr
;
parse_statement
:
#( PARSE
STRING_LITERAL
)
;
include_statement
:
#( INCLUDE
STRING_LITERAL
)
;
stop_statement
:
STOP
;
reference
:
#( REFERENCE
postfix
;
postfix
:
method_call
|
member
|
identifier
;
member
:
#( DOT
identifier
( primary
| method_call
)
;
primary
:
IDENTIFIER
;
method_call
#( CALL
postfix
// The argument list
( expr ) *
)
;
|
|


Colorado State University Trees
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Aika is a very general algorithm that can be applied to all kinds of natural language processing related tasks.
All that has to be done is to formulate a given task as network of neurons and synapses. At first this might
not sound like an programming task, but it works pretty well to model linguistic concepts as neurons. Unlike
conventional neural networks, synapses in Aika allow to manipulate the text range and the word positions of
the neuron activations. This allows for a great deal of freedom.
So one goal of the Aika project is to set up a library of predefined networks that can be applied to linguistic
problems out of the box. Tasks that could be tackled are syntax parsing, sentence splitting, coreference resolution
or word sense disambiguation.
Currently, Aika has only rudimentary support for automated training. Aika's architecture, however, is well
suited as a foundation for a self learning system. Since Aika is based on an artificial neural network, it
should be easy to use the usual training methods for training a neural network such as back propagation.
But there are also other
ways that Aika could be trained with as well. Since Aika selects one interpretation of a text and suppresses all
others, we have an easy way of generating our supervised training data by labeling the suppressed options as negative examples.
Another training mechanism that
could be implemented is to use Aikas Frequent Pattern Lattice to search for statistically significant
patterns and generate new neurons based on them. This would be an unsupervised training method that could be used to
find syllables, words, commonly used phrases or other kinds of patterns in a text.
It should also
be possible to apply grammar induction methods. For instance if there are several significant patterns
in the pattern lattice that share a common unsignificant parent pattern, then a new neuron could be
introduced that consists of a disjunction of the original patterns. This way not only conjunctions like patterns could be
trained but also disjunctions.
Aika is already a highly optimized algorithm, but nevertheless there are surely ways to further improve it. For instance, Aika currently uses an optimization that cuts branches from the search tree that is used to find the best interpretation. This optimization, however, seems to remove valid search options when applied to positive feedback loops. This still needs to be fixed.


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Battle to save Exmouth home amid spate of car arson attacks
Owen Howlett, who witnessed the entire incident, battled to stop the fire spreading to a nearby home
by Howard LloydA security officer has described how he helped a man desperately trying to save his house from burning down with just a bucket of water following a spate of possible petrol bomb attacks in Exmouth last night.
At least three vehicles were badly damaged following what police have confirmed was arson on Union Street at around 11.35pm.
Owen Howlett was walking home from work when he heard a 'massive explosion', before coming across a number of burning vehicles.
"I had literally just finished work and was heading home when I heard a massive explosion and saw a car was on fire," he said.
"A poor chap was trying to put it out with a water bucket but it was so big it started melting his doorway and spread to another car.
"I tried to help him but by then another fire had started down the road. It literally must have been about 30 seconds or a minute after I started helping him. It was 200m down the road.
"Quite a few fire engines arrived - there must have been at least 15 firefighters on the scene - and two police cars as well."
The Devon and Somerset Fire and Rescue Service confirmed they had to use breathing apparatus to combat the blazes.
A statement said: "Firefighters from Exmouth Fire Station attended two separate vehicle fires within the above location (Union Street).
"On arrival, crews confirmed that both vehicles were well alight. Crews used two hose reel jets and breathing apparatus sets to extinguish the fires. Police were called to the scene as there was a concern that both fires had been started deliberately.
"Both vehicles sustained a significant amount of damage caused by the fire.
"Police investigation to take place."
Although few details of the exact nature of the fire were released, Owen said he was told petrol bombs were the most likely cause.
"The police wouldn't say much but the fire brigade said it was either a bomb or a petrol bomb," he said. "They said a bomb was highly unlikely to it was most likely a petrol bomb.
"There was a very heavy smell of petrol in the air around both cars.
"There was a guy who quickly went past me just before I noticed the first car on fire and I think he must have had something to do with it."
Police have confirmed they are investigating and have urged anyone with information to come forward.
A statement said: "Police were called to Union Street, Exmouth, by the fire service at around 11.50pm on Thursday 28 November with reports two vehicles were alight.
"Officers are investigating an incident of arson and have appealed for information.
"Call police on 101, or email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>quoting reference number 897 28/11/19."


Welcome brave adventurers...
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--- layout: post title: "Work together: Linux and Windows" excerpt: How to work with muliple laptops of Linux and Windows at the same time categories: - Linux tags: - [Linux, Windows, Software, Samba, inotifywait, Synergy, Arch Linux, Ubuntu] ---
Currently I have three laptops. They have Arch Linux, Windows 8.1 and Ubuntu Linux 13.10 installed respectively. The laptop with the Ubuntu is four years old and not quite usable because it has heat dissipation problem and would easily shutdown when running some CPU-consuming programs. But still, it could be used as a file server and run some light-weight workload.
Besides the laptops, I have a 27-inch 1080p IPS LED monitor. When working, I would use Arch Linux on my HP ultrabook and the 13-inch QHD screen is gorgeous. However, since I have done some HiDPI-related settings on KDE(my desktop environment on Arch Linux) as described in this post, it would become very ugly if I connect the ultrabook to the 27-inch monitor, whose DPI is only 81.59. Therefore I prefer connecting the Windows 8.1 machine to the monitor. The problem here is how to make these machines cooperate with each other.
The first thing I want to set up is to access files on another machine over the local network. I use a fairly simple Samba setup. The following steps are based on this Arch Wiki page.
First install samba
and smbclient
. Copy the example configuration file
/etc/samba/smb.conf.default/
to /etc/samba/smb.conf
. I only changed the line
below:
name resolve order = lmhosts bcast host wins
because of the "Time Out" problem of Dolphin mentioned in this section. But the
Dolphin's built-in Samba support is still very unusable. It is very slow and
often can not even show the Samba server list completely. I use the command line
tool smbclient
instead.
In Arch's example configuration file, it enable user's home directory sharing by
default. The situation of Ubuntu is a little different. You need to manually
uncomment the [homes]
part in Share Definitions. Now start the Samba server
using systemctl start smbd nmbd
and make them enable by default using
systemctl enable smbd nmbd
.
Next we need to grant users' access to the Samba drives. Using
smbpasswd -a qjp
will add the user qjp
to the local smbpasswd file, and we can log into Samba
drives as user qjp
now. The server settings are all done.
Essentially there are no apparent settings required in client side. To see some useful information of a Samba server:
smbclient -L hostname -U username
Now we manually mount the remote drive to a local mountpoint, using one of the sharenames you see in the output of previous command:
sudo mount -t cifs //hostname/sharename /path/to/mountpoint -o user=username,password=password,workgroup=WORKGROUP,uid=localusername,gid=localgroupname,ip=serverip
Since this command is executed using sudo
, the uid
and gid
options are
necessary as I want write-permission to the mountpoint as a regular user qjp
,
not root
.
Now let us see a use case of how to work effectively by using Linux and Windows together.
I use \LaTeX{} to generate pdf files in Linux, and with a plugin named
latex-preview-pane
of Emacs, the pdf file will be automatically regenerated
every time I save the modified \LaTeX{} source file. In order to make use of the
large screen of the 27-inch monitor, I want to write \LaTeX{} source file in my
ultrabook while viewing the generated pdf file in the Windows machine, which is
connected to the 27-inch monitor.
While Evince
and Okular
all support auto-reloading of pdf files when they
are changed in Linux, I only find that Sumatra PDF has the similar functionality
in Windows(It is also said the Evince
's Windows version has the auto-reloading
feature but it doesn't work properly when I tested it). The problem here is when
using Sumatra to view the pdf file in the drive of my Linux machine via Samba,
Sumatra will not automatically reload the pdf file when I regenerate it. It is
not wierd because in the OS level, the file change notification isn't sent
to the Sumatra in time, that is, Sumatra doesn't know that this pdf file has
already been regenerated so it won't reload it. It is Samba's fault. From
Samba's documentation here, there is actually a global option in the Samba
server, named change notify timeout
, which defaults to 60 seconds. Making this
number smaller seems to solve this problem. However, the documentation said
"Performing these checks too often can slow down the server considerably", so it
is not feasible to make it small enough in order to achieve the effect of
instant updating of the pdf files.
Currently the best solution I could think of is to synchronize the generated pdf
file between Linux and Windows. Then Sumatra will open the pdf file locally, and
every time I regenerate the pdf file in Linux, the file should be copied to
Windows instantly. The file synchronization tools such as Dropbox are not fast
enough to achieve this, so writing a simple shell script would be better. There
is a package named inotify-tools
in Arch's official repository, which contains
a tool that could monitor the state changes of a particular file or directory.
You could find some examples here. The script I use for this case is really
simple:
inotifywait -m -e close_write example.pdf | while read foo; do cp example.pdf /path/to/mountpoint/Documents/example.pdf; done
inotifywait
will monitor the close_write
events of example.pdf
. Once it is
regenerated, copy the new file to Windows via Samba. Then Sumatra will reload
the new pdf file. This process is very fast.
In order to switch between different laptops seamlessly, I need to control the Windows on the other laptop using the keyboard and mouse of my Linux ultrabook. The first solution I thought of was to install a third-party VNC server on Windows(I have to do so because there is no built-in support in Windows 8.1, which is neither a pro nor enterprise version, to act as a remote desktop server) and use a VNC client to connect to the server so that I could use my keyboard and mouse of my Linux ultrabook to control the Windows. I could put the VNC client in a separate activity of KDE to make the switch more comfortable.
The above solution seems quite good, except that I don't really need to view the
Windows desktop in the VNC client since I have the large-size monitor already.
It is a waste to transfer the data and consume the CPU computation power.
Luckily, I found this thread on superuser, which said that Synergy was good to
solve this. Actually, it is. We could easily install it from Arch's official
repository. Follow the instructions on this page to set up the server on Arch
Linux. You could use the example configuration file,
/etc/synergy.conf.example
, or the GUI tool to generate the configuration file.
I manually edited the aliases section to associate the hostnames with their
corresponding IP addresses so that it is unnecessary to change the hosts
file
of the operating system.
I would make the Windows machine act as the client. However, at the time of writing, the lastest version, 1.4.15 Beta, still doesn't fix the bug of alt+tab mentioned in this issue. But someone else in that issue thread has already fixed that and applied his/her patch to version 1.4.14, which would make the alt+tab behave normally in Windows 8. You could find the download addresses for the patched versions in that issue. I'm suprised that the author doesn't apply that patch, which was quite simple and came out earlier than the new version was released.
After using Synergy for a while, I would say it is really a great piece of software. It is very fast. The Windows machine behaves like the extended desktop for my Linux. I could simply move the cursor to switch between them, which is really awesome.
OK. These are all my settings to make use of multiple laptops together. I could now take advantage of both Linux and Windows to finish different kinds of tasks. Most of my working is done under Linux, and Windows is mainly used for entertainment and viewing Microsoft Office documents. I also have the high DPI screen as well as the large Full HD screen to work at the same time, which makes working at home really an enjoyment. Every available device now works very well, except for the old and poor Ubuntu laptop. It could only serve as a internal file server and SSH server. Up until now, I couldn't think of anything interesting to make use of it:(.


With a little help of social engineering (such as sending a link via email or chat), an attacker may trick the users of a web application into executing actions of the attacker’s choosing.
Cross-Site Request Forgery (CSRF) is an attack that forces an end user to execute unwanted actions on a web application in which they’re currently authenticated.If the victim is a normal user, a successful CSRF attack can force the user to perform state changing requests like transferring funds, changing their email address, and so forth. If the victim is an administrative account, CSRF can compromise the entire web application.
https://vulnerable.site/change-password-resource.php?new-password=password
Add a per-request nonce to the URL and all forms in addition to the standard session. This is also referred to as “form keys”. Many frameworks (e.g., Drupal.org 4.7.4+) either have or are starting to include this type of protection “built-in” to every form so the programmer does not need to code this protection manually. Add a hash (session id, function name, server-side secret) to all forms. For .NET, add a session identifier to ViewState with MAC (described in detail in the DotNet Security Cheat Sheet). Checking the referrer header in the client’s HTTP request can prevent CSRF attacks. Ensuring that the HTTP request has come from the original site means that attacks from other sites will not function. It is very common to see referrer header checks used on embedded network hardware due to memory limitations. XSS can be used to bypass both referrer and token based checks simultaneously. For instance, the Samy worm used an XMLHttpRequest to obtain the CSRF token to forge requests. “Although CSRF is fundamentally a problem with the web application, not the user, users can help protect their accounts at poorly designed sites by logging off the site before visiting another, or clearing their browser’s cookies at the end of each browser session.” –http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cross-site_request_forgery#_note-1


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---
layout: post
title: Peasant costume
date: '2014-12-30T07:30:17+01:00'
categories:
- Costumes
- Sketchbooks
- Sketches
picture_url: https://film-Storyboards.tumblr.com/post/106607745208/costume-from-Sketchbooks-muzeul-national-al
---
Costume, from Sketchbooks — Muzeul National al Taranului Roman, Bucuresti.


Copyright and Licenseedit
This software is Copyright (c) 2013-2018 by Elasticsearch BV.
This is free software, licensed under: The Apache License Version 2.0.
This software is Copyright (c) 2013-2018 by Elasticsearch BV.
This is free software, licensed under: The Apache License Version 2.0.


 After that who cares?... He’s a mile away and you’ve got his shoes!" — Billy Connolly
“Better to remain silent and be thought a fool than to speak out and remove all doubt.” – Abraham Lincoln
“Light travels faster than sound. This is why some people appear bright until you hear them speak.” – Alan Dundes


Reports any use of both octal and decimal integers in an array
initialization. This is often due to creating an array by copying a list of numbers into an array without noticing
that some of them are zero-padded, and will thus be interpreted by the Java compiler as octal.
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Research and analysis
Report looking at year-on-year results in schools and colleges for AS subjects being reformed for 2016.
AS level results for England, Wales and Northern Ireland have been relatively stable in recent years, with only very small changes in the overall percentages of students achieving grade A. But we know that individual schools and colleges may see variation in the proportion of students achieving particular grades from one year to the next. This can be due to many different factors, including differences in the mix of the students entered for particular subjects, different teaching approaches, changes in teaching staff or teaching time, and changes to qualifications.


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After defeating Owen Shaw and his crew and securing amnesty for their past crimes, Dominic "Dom" Toretto, Brian O'Conner, and the rest of their team have returned to the United States to live normal lives again. Brian begins to accustom himself to life as a father, while Dom tries to help Letty Ortiz regain her memories. Meanwhile, Owen's older brother, Deckard Shaw, breaks into the secure hospital the comatose Owen is being held in and swears vengeance against Dom, before breaking into Luke Hobbs' DSS office to extract profiles of Dom's crew. After revealing his identity, Shaw engages Hobbs in a fight, and escapes when he detonates a bomb that severely injures Hobbs. Dom later learns from his sister Mia that she is pregnant again and convinces her to tell Brian. However, a bomb, disguised in a package sent from Tokyo, explodes and destroys the Toretto house just seconds after Han, a member of their team, is killed by Shaw in Tokyo. Dom later visits Hobbs in a hospital, where he learns that Shaw is a rogue special forces assassin seeking to avenge his brother. Dom then travels to Tokyo to claim Han's body, where he meets and races Sean Boswell, a friend of Han's, who gives him personal items found at Han's crash site. Back at Han's funeral in Los Angeles, Dom notices a car observing and chases after the vehicle, driven by Shaw. Both prepare to fight, but Shaw slips away when a covert ops team arrives, led by a guy who calls himself Mr. Nobody. He says that he will assist Dom in stopping Shaw if he helps him obtain the God's Eye, a computer program that uses digital devices to track down a person, and save its creator, a hacker named Ramsey, from a mercenary named Mose Jakande. Dom, Brian, Letty, Roman Pearce, and Tej Parker then airdrop their cars over the Caucasus Mountains in Azerbaijan, ambush Jakande's convoy, and rescue Ramsey. The team then heads to Abu Dhabi, where a billionaire has acquired the flash drive containing the God's Eye, and manages to steal it from the owner's Lykan HyperSport. With the God's Eye near telecommunications repeaters, the team manages to track down Shaw, who is waiting at a remote factory. Dom, Brian, Mr. Nobody and his team attempt to capture Shaw, but are ambushed by Jakande and his militants, and they are forced to flee while Jakande obtains the God's Eye. At his own request, Mr. Nobody is then left to be evacuated by helicopter. Left with no other choice, the team decides to return to Los Angeles to fight Shaw, Jakande and his men on their home turf. Meanwhile, Brian promises Mia that once they deal with Shaw, he'll dedicate himself to their family full-time. While Jakande pursues Brian and the rest of the team with a stealth helicopter and a drone, Ramsey attempts to hack into the God's Eye while sharing her mobile between their vehicles. Hobbs, seeing the team in trouble, breaks out of hospital and destroys the drone. Ramsey then regains control of the God's Eye and shuts it down. Meanwhile, Dom and Shaw engage in a one-on-one brawl on a parking garage, before Jakande intervenes and attacks them both, and Shaw is defeated when part of the parking garage collapses beneath him. Dom then launches his vehicle at Jakande's helicopter, tossing Shaw's bag of grenades onto its skids, before injuring himself when his car lands and crashes. Hobbs then shoots the bag of grenades from ground level, destroying the helicopter and killing Jakande. When Dom remains unconscious, the team fears that he is dead. As Letty cradles Dom's body in her arms, she reveals that she has regained her memories, and that she remembers their wedding. Dom regains consciousness soon after, remarking, "It's about time". Later, Shaw is taken into custody by Hobbs and locked away in a secret, high-security prison. Meanwhile, at a beach, Brian and Mia play with their son while Dom, Letty, Roman, Tej and Ramsey observe, acknowledging that Brian is better off retired with his family. Dom silently leaves, but Brian catches up with him at a crossroad. As Dom remembers the times that he had with Brian, they bid each other farewell and drive off in separate directions.


{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% load humanize %}
{% block content %}
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Bollywood celebrities pay last respects to Manish Malhotra’s father
Kareena Kapoor, Karan Johar, Malaika Arora, Kiara Advani, Gauri Khan, Shabana Azmi, Shilpa Shetty, Urmila Matondkar and Boney Kapoor paid their last respects to Manish Malhotra's father.


libc++ Issaquah Status
This is a temporary page; please check the c++1z status here
This page shows the status of the papers and issues that are expected to be adopted in Issaquah.
The groups that have contributed papers:
- LWG - Library working group
- CWG - Core Language Working group
- SG1 - Study group #1 (Concurrency working group)
Paper Status
| Paper # | Group | Paper Name | Meeting | Status | First released version |
|---|
Library Working group Issues Status
| Issue # | Issue Name | Meeting | Status |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2260 | Missing requirement for Allocator::pointer | Kona | |
| 2768 | any_cast and move semantics | Kona | |
| 2769 | Redundant const in the return type of any_cast(const any&) | Kona | |
| 2781 | Contradictory requirements for std::function and std::reference_wrapper | Kona | |
| 2782 | scoped_allocator_adaptor constructors must be constrained | Kona | |
| 2784 | Resolution to LWG 2484 is missing "otherwise, no effects" and is hard to parse | Kona | Patch Ready |
| 2785 | quoted should work with basic_string_view | Kona | We do this already |
| 2786 | Annex C should mention shared_ptr changes for array support | Kona | Nothing to do |
| 2787 | §[file_status.cons] doesn't match class definition | Kona | |
| 2789 | Equivalence of contained objects | Kona | |
| 2794 | Missing requirements for allocator pointers | Kona | |
| 2795 | §[global.functions] provides incorrect example of ADL use | Kona | Nothing to do |
| 2804 | Unconditional constexpr default constructor for istream_iterator | Kona | We do this already |
| 2812 | Range access is available with <string_view> | Kona | We do this already |
| 2824 | list::sort should say that the order of elements is unspecified if an exception is thrown | Kona | |
| 2826 | string_view iterators use old wording | Kona | Nothing to do |
| 2834 | Resolution LWG 2223 is missing wording about end iterators | Kona | Nothing to do |
| 2835 | LWG 2536 seems to misspecify <tgmath.h> | Kona | |
| 2837 | gcd and lcm should support a wider range of input values | Kona | We do this already |
| 2838 | is_literal_type specification needs a little cleanup | Kona | Nothing to do |
| 2842 | in_place_t check for optional::optional(U&&) should decay U | Kona | |
| 2850 | std::function move constructor does unnecessary work | Kona | |
| 2853 | Possible inconsistency in specification of erase in [vector.modifiers] | Kona | |
| 2855 | std::throw_with_nested("string_literal") | Kona | |
| 2665 | remove_filename() post condition is incorrect | Kona | We do this already |
| 2806 | Base class of bad_optional_access | Kona | We do this already |
| 2857 | {variant,optional,any}::emplace should return the constructed value | Kona |
Comments about the issues
- 2260 - Check our current allocators to make sure we do this
- 2768 - Resolution is "apply 2769"
- 2769 - This should be easy; trick will be devising tests.
- 2781 -
- 2782 - Looks straightforward.
- 2784 - Patch Ready
- 2785 - We do this already.
- 2786 - Nothing to do; just moving words around
- 2787 - Eric?
- 2789 - I don't think there are any code changes required here
- 2794 - I don't think there are any code changes required here - maybe a static_assert.
- 2795 - Nothing to do; just moving words around
- 2804 - We do this already.
- 2812 - We do this already.
- 2824 - Nothing do to here, but we should add some throwing sort tests.
- 2826 - Nothing to do; just moving words around
- 2834 - Nothing to do; just moving words around
- 2835 - I'm pretty sure we already do this.
- 2837 - Added some tests to ensure we do this already.
- 2838 - Nothing to do; just moving words around
- 2842 - This should be easy; trick will be devising tests.
- 2850 - I think we already do this.
- 2853 - I think that this will be mostly adding tests.
- 2855 - This should be easy; trick will be devising tests.
- 2665 - We do this already.
- 2806 - We do this already.
- 2857 - This is the subject of several NB comments.
Last Updated: 7-Feb-2017


MacOS Users¶
Install Location¶
The following set of instructions assumes all files will be placed in the bin folder in your home directory. You can of course place them anywhere you want, you just need to make appropriate changes to the env PATH settings discussed later. If you wish to follow our placement strategy, inside this bin folder create two additional folders named dakota
and OpenSees
.
Note
Placement of terminal applications in your home bin folder is common practice for the terminal applications on a MacOS system. It is legacy practice from the operating systems Linux heritage.
Python¶
The Mac comes with Python pre-installed, which is currently the somewhat dated version 2.7. We recommend installing Python 3.7 from Python.org . We recommend installing using the macOS 64-bit installer. The installer used to place a python3 executable in your /usr/local/bin directory, whose location should be on your system PATH, Version 3.8 does not appear to do so anymore, see the note below.
Note
We use the python.org installation over others, due to it’s simplicity of install.
In the current installation of Python it leaves two script files in a folder when the installation ends. You need to execute both script files to get Python set up correctly so that it can be invoked from the terminal. To execute the files, double click on them. The two files, shown in the image below, are: Update Shell Profile.command.sh and Install CertificateCommand.sh.
Once Python is installed, you need to extend it by installing the following packages: numpy, scipy, and pandas. To install these packages, start a terminal window and type the following instructions:
pip3 install numpy
pip3 install scipy
pip3 install pandas
pip3 install tables
pip3 install hdf5
Note
To start a terminal window you can use the spotlight app (magnifying glass at the top right corner of the desktop). Start the spotlight app and type in terminal. The terminal application should appear as the top hit. Click on it to start it.
When the WE-UQ app is running, open the File/Preferences and make sure that python3 appears under External Applications:Python. If you used older versions of SimCenter tools this was not the default.
If you forget to invoke the UpdateShellProfile.command.sh” script at the end of the install, you can always edit the correct shell file later to add the **PATH variable.
As an alternative, you can install the SimCenter’s pelicun module, which will include all three of the above
pip install pelicun
Dakota¶
Dakota is the default UQ engine used by the WE-UQ app that is publicly available from the Dakota Download page. The download page offers an extensive list of downloadable files. You can narrow this down to the file to be selected by selecting MacOS in the Platform, 6.10 in the Release, and Command Line Only for the interface type. In the Public area you should now only have a single option, click on the link to download Dakota. When you extract the files that you download, they will all be contained in a single folder. Rename this folder dakota-6.10.0 and move that folder to your bin/dakota folder.
OpenSees¶
OpenSees is the default FEM engine used by the WE-UQ app that is publicly available from the OpenSees Download page. To download the OpenSees you have to enter your email address, which may also require you to register (that requirement is going away and may be gone by time you read this). At the bottom of the page under the section Mac Version is a table with two links: one for the OpenSees and also a link to Tcl, whose libraries OpenSees needs on your computer to run. You will need to follow both links to download both applications.
- Steps to Install OpenSees on a Mac:
Follow the OpenSees link and download the OpenSees.zip file. Uncompress the file and you will have an OpenSees-3.2.2 folder. Move that folder to the bin/OpenSees folder.
Download and run the Tcl installer.
Note
The additional requirement of installing Tcl was removed from the OpenSees installation process with version 3.2.2.
Edit Your Shell file¶
On Linux systems, the shell is the program that takes commands from the keyboard that you enter in the terminal window and passes them to the operating system to perform by invoking applications and passing data between applications. In the good old days, it was the only interface available to the user, i.e. there was no such thing as Finder! There are a number of shell programs that can be installed and made available to you. The most popular is the bash shell, the up and coming one is the Z shell. Power MacOS users will write shell scripts to do many many useful things. By default the applications that the shell program will invoke are limited to applications in a few specific directories that are defined in the users PATH. Users can modify this path by editing files that the shell program will read from everytime the program is started.
When the frontend application is running the computations it is actually running a backend application using the shell program. As a consequence the shell program must be made aware of the locations of some of the external applications that you have installed as OpenSees and dakota do not provide installers that automatically do this when they are installed. Other applications, like Tcl provide scripts that you invoke to do it. In short you have to edit the file appropriate to the shell you are using.
To find which shell program you are using when you issue commands inside the terminal window, type the following in a terminal window:
env | grep SHELL
If the results is /bin/bash you will need to edit the .bashrc file or the bash_profile file. If the results is /bin/zsh you will need to edit the .zshrc or .zprofile. Typically the .bash_profile or the .zprofile file is the one to edit as these typically by design will invoke the .bashrc or .zshrc file. If in doubt, look for the files and see where Python placed its modifications. In your home directory type:
env | grep SHELL
Finally you want to edit that file so that the applications will find OpenSees and Dakota. The format depends on the shell, just copy the format that Python used, e.g. my .bash_profile file has the lines:
export PATH=$HOME/bin:$PATH
export PATH=$HOME/bin/dakota-6.10.0/bin:$PATH
export PYTHONPATH=$HOME/bin/dakota-6.10.0/share/dakota/Python
Test the Install of Python, OpenSees & Dakota¶
- Steps to Test the Installation of the Applications:
Open a terminal windows (type
terminal
in spotlight search)Type
python3
(this should bring up the Python interpreter)Enter the following to test the install of the modules and quit the application:
import numpy import scipy import pandas quit()
Type
OpenSees
(this should bring up the OpenSees interpreter).Enter the following to exit this program:
exit
Type
dakota
(this should start the Dakota application which should give some error messages).
Note
Apple, in the latest release of their operating system, MacOS 10.16 Catalina, has changed the default working of Gatekeeper. Gatekeeper, first introduced in OS X Mountain Lion, is a Mac security feature that helps protect your Mac from Malware and other malicious software. Gatekeeper checks to make sure the application is safe to run by checking it against the list of apps that Apple has vetted and approved for the Apple Mac Store and/or approved by Apple even if not offered through the app store. In previous versions of MacOS, Gatekeeper had three security level options: App Store, App Store and Identified Developers, and Anywhere. Anywhere has been removed and this will cause problems with Dakota.
Apple has greatly increased security with Catalina and now by default terminal applications can no longer run if they are downloaded from the internet and not signed by a recognized Apple developer. To over come this issue, before you start issuing the above commands in a terminal, open System Preferences/Security and Privacy. As you issue the commands, click the Cancel button in the window that pops warning you the application cannot be opened because the Developer cannot be verified up and then click the button Allow Anayway that now appears beside the application name in the Security an Privacy window, as shown in figure below. Rerun the application and it should now work without the warning window popping up.
Warning
Dakota has even more troubles installing on Catalina. Not only is the developer not know, the application relies on code from other unsigned developers. As a consequence the above workaround for most terminal applications fails. For dakota, in the terminal we have to turn off gatekeeper even after we have o.k.’d the application for running. Issue the following commands inside the terminal window:
sudo spctl --master-disable
dakota
sudo spctl --master-enable
This will temporarily disable gatekeeper (basically setting Gatekeeper options to Anywhere), allow the Dakota application and it’s .dylib
files to be registered as safe, and then turn Gatekeeper options back to default.


In this dream I was taking some sort of music class with Holden. The two teachers looked like they were once in Metallica. Holden and I had supplied the musical instruments for the class, and both teachers complained about the inferior sound quality of the gear we provided. They also spent much of the class fiddling and tweaking, trying to get the sound right. After one of them gave up in frustration on the synth, I told them that they could use the piano in the corner.
This whole thing is being written down for my babies. Maybe even for their babies, but that might be a bit of hubris. I just want them to know how I got to be who I am, that guy that makes sure they sleep well every night, that dad guy. It’s all goofily morbid, I guess. I just know that it all can slip away so fast, and something exists in all of us that makes us want to try and tell a bit of what mattered to us in our short time in our thin space suits.
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Step 3. On this page, edit the options and click the "Save & Publish" button. If the "Homepage Logo" exists, this Logo specified on your current homepage only.


Hello! Welcome to the COECheck tool
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Chicago_P.D.
District 21 of the Chicago Police Department is made up of two distinctly different groups.  And there's the Intelligence Unit, the team that combats the city's major offenses - organized crime, drug trafficking, high profile murders and beyond. These are their stories.


--- title: Java is Death By A Thousand Paper Cuts layout: post tags: [java, rant] uuid: beca38a0-bd9d-3304-02c9-1941ced67121 ---
At least it is for me. This past week at work I've been furiously rushing work on a project written in Java. It's completely my fault that I'm using Java since I'm the one who picked the language. I wanted to use Java the platform, but I don't know any other JVM languages well enough to use them in place of Java the language for a project at work.
It's all sorts of little things that make writing Java so exhausting for me. At the end of the day it I just feel irritated.  The whole reason we program in high-level languages is so we can express algorithms more concisely, but Java fails at this.
Here's an example of what I'm talking about, something I basically did
a few times today. Let's say you have an array of
floats, nums
and you want to sum them and return the
result (or maybe use it in another expression). In Lisp it's very
straightforward.
"Reduce the sequence nums
by addition." Notice that it's
more about saying what I want to do rather than how to
do it. I don't have to introduce any temporary storage or
iterators. To do the same thing in Java it will look something like
this.
If you're using an older Java without the enhanced looping construct it gets even uglier. I had to introduce a variable for accumulation and a second variable for iteration. This sort of thing has to be done all over the place in Java, and it greatly increases the cognitive overload when reading Java code.
This instruction is more about telling the computer the how rather than my overall intention. One problem with telling it the how is that I've unnecessarily locked in a specific algorithm and ordering. The literal instruction says that the numbers must be added in order, sequentially. My Lisp instruction doesn't do that.
It gets even worse when you complicate it slightly by adding a second array and, say, multiplying it pairwise with the first.
{% highlight java %} for (int i = 0; i < nums1.length; i++) { sum += nums1[i] * nums2[i]; } return sum; {% endhighlight %}Now the loop gets more complex. I have to tell it how to increment the iterator. I have to tell it to check the bounds of the array. The iterator is a misdirection because the actual number stored in it isn't what's important. Again, the Lisp method is much more concise.
{% highlight cl %} (reduce '+ (map 'list '* nums1 nums2)) {% endhighlight %}
"Map the two sequences by multiplication into a list, then reduce it
by addition." Unfortunately we start to leak a little bit into
the how here. I am telling it that the intermediate structure
should be a list, because map
forces me to pick a
representation. Besides that, I am only describing my overall
intention and not the obvious details.
 Death by a thousand paper cuts.
Lisp isn't the only language that has a (generally) much better approach; it's just my favorite. :-) Most languages with at least some decent functional facilities will also do the above concisely.


Gale Release Gale Case Studies Launches to Help Higher Education Instructors Bring Social Justice Issues to the Forefront of Course Curriculum
Gale coverage/press release eSchool News: Gale Helps Charleston County School District Integrate Social Emotional Learning
Company statement Cengage Statement on Landmark Supreme Court Decision Extending Federal Worker Protections to LGBTQ Americans
Gale Release Gale Case Studies Launches to Help Higher Education Instructors Bring Social Justice Issues to the Forefront of Course Curriculum
Gale coverage/press release eSchool News: Gale Helps Charleston County School District Integrate Social Emotional Learning
Company statement Cengage Statement on Landmark Supreme Court Decision Extending Federal Worker Protections to LGBTQ Americans


Before Change
def test_sample_independent_pruned_state() -> None:
Tests PRUNED state is treated differently from both FAIL and COMPLETE.
study = optuna.create_study()
dist = optuna.distributions.UniformDistribution(1.0, 100.0)
suggestions = []
for state in [
optuna.trial.TrialState.COMPLETE,
optuna.trial.TrialState.FAIL,
optuna.trial.TrialState.PRUNED,
]:
state_fn = build_state_fn(state)
past_trials = [frozen_trial_factory(i, dist=dist, state_fn=state_fn) for i in range(1, 30)]
trial = frozen_trial_factory(30)
sampler = TPESampler(n_startup_trials=5, seed=0)
with patch.object(study._storage, "get_all_trials", return_value=past_trials):
suggestions.append(sampler.sample_independent(study, trial, "param-a", dist))
assert len(set(suggestions)) == 3
def test_get_observation_pairs() -> None:
After Change
optuna.trial.TrialState.FAIL,
optuna.trial.TrialState.PRUNED,
]:
study = optuna.create_study()
state_fn = build_state_fn(state)
for i in range(1, 30):
trial = frozen_trial_factory(i, dist=dist, state_fn=state_fn)
study._storage.create_new_trial(study._study_id, template_trial=trial)
trial = frozen_trial_factory(30)
sampler = TPESampler(n_startup_trials=5, seed=0)
suggestions.append(sampler.sample_independent(study, trial, "param-a", dist))
assert len(set(suggestions)) == 3


A class for loading tmx files as images built on ImageBase.
More...
#include <tilemap.h>
A class for loading tmx files as images built on ImageBase.
◆ Tilemap()
| blackhole::graphics::Tilemap::Tilemap |
( |
const char * |
file, |
|
|
SDL_Renderer * |
renderer |
|
) |
| |
Constructor of Tilemap.
- Parameters
-
| file | The location of tmx file |
| renderer | The renderer of the Window |
◆ getMap()
| Tmx::Map* blackhole::graphics::Tilemap::getMap |
( |
| ) |
|
Get the raw data of the tilemap.
return Tmx::Map containing tilemap data
◆ getObjectGroup()
| const Tmx::ObjectGroup* blackhole::graphics::Tilemap::getObjectGroup |
( |
int |
layer | ) |
|
◆ getTileLayer()
| const Tmx::TileLayer* blackhole::graphics::Tilemap::getTileLayer |
( |
int |
layer | ) |
|
◆ getTileLayerImage()
| Image* blackhole::graphics::Tilemap::getTileLayerImage |
( |
int |
layer | ) |
|
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:


I’m currently a senior undergraduate student at Department of Mathematics, Shanghai Jiao Tong University (SJTU).
I am also enrolled in Zhiyuan Honors Program, a pilot program for the Basic Sciences in China.
I am interested in the interplay between machine learning and mathematical optimization.
This summer, I worked as a research assistant at Department of Computer Science,
University of Illinois at Urbana–Champaign .
I am applying for Ph.D. and M.S. (leading to Ph.D.) this year!
Please reach out via zephyr [at] sjtu [dot] edu [dot] cn.
Projects
Gradient-free Consensus-based Global Optimization Method (In Progress)
Advisor: Prof. Shi Jin & Prof. Xiaoqun Zhang
[abstract, report]
In optimization problems posed by machine learning and data science, the objective functions are usually not necessarily regular enough. For this issue, we develop a new gradient-free method for global non-convex optimization,
with the knowledge gleaned from the interacting particle system and flock model. Particularly, we sampled different initial parameters of the loss function as “particles”, and described their interactions based on the relative distances
between certain particles and their weighted average. Inspired by statistical physics, we formulated an average weighted by the Gibbs distribution corresponding to the objective function. Under several conditions, it could be proven that
sampling particles would relax towards their weighted average exponentially fast, and such a consensus state would provide a good approximation for the global minima. Now I am working on relevant numerical experiments, especially for non-convex
optimization problems like compressive sensing and logistic regression with l0 regularization.
Auto-regressive Graphical Model for Molecular Generation
Advisor: Prof. Jian Peng
[abstract, code]
The recent boom of graphical models extends the domain knowledge ML could exploit, promising potential algorithms to discover and analyze structure in complex distributions. We proposed a new deep framework
of auto-regressive generative model for molecular graph generation. We represented molecules in graphs and formalized the graph generation as a sequential decision process. We further improved the preformance
by designing an innovative generating process with node degree constraints and subgraph generating tokens. Training auto- regressive generative models tends to take time, so I accelerated training by batching graphs
and multiprocessing on CPUs. Our model eventually achieved high performance in similarity metrics comparable to recent state-of-the-art algorithms on the Molecular Sets benchmarking platform.
Earlier Projects in Machine Learning and Deep Learning
[link]
Contests
AI Solution for In Vitro Diagnostics and Pharmaceutical Business
International Youth Leadership Finance Summit,
SAIF, 2019
[abstract, slides]
We designed AI solutions for a real health company Haiershi to its in vitro diagnostics and pharmaceutical business.
We also presented a roadshow to the investors in order to seek equity financing in the summit.
Climate-based Fragility Measurement Model for Regions in the World
The Interdisciplinary Contest in Modeling,
Comap, 2018
[abstract, report]
We designed the SPEC index to evaluate regional fragility concerning effects of climate change, and formulated the self-regulatory factor to model the tipping-point of regional stabilities.
We futher collected and cleaned relevant data of 178 countries worldwide to test our model. Our SPEC score corresponded to the traditional Fragile State Index but stressed the effects of climate change.
Eventually our team was designated as Outstanding Winner (top 0.16% in over 20,000 teams in the world).
Exploration
Adaptive Moving Mesh Method for Blow-up Equations with eμ Nonlinearity
Coursework for Numerical Methods for Differential Equations, Spring 2019
[report, code]
Hobbies
In my free time, I enjoy basketball, photography, and reading books.


Preferences Window
x
Server IP Address:
Current counter:
SAVE CHANGES
Restart server: (requires connection to server)
RESTART SERVER


Rising high into the Yangon skyline,a paragon of stunning modern architecture,Dreamz Hotel Yangon sets a new standard for 5-star accommodation in Myanmar.
With the gleaming, sacred topa of the iconic Shwedagon Pagoda rising to the south, and the deep blue waters of Inya Lake unfurling to the east, ensconcing visitors in their tranquility, Lotte Hote stands in unparalleled, awe-inspiring surroundings
One of the finest modern structures in the whole of Myanmar, Dreamz Hotel is unsurpassed in its attention to detail,its air of spaciousness and refinement, and it's breathtaking state-of-the-art interior design. In-line with the fine quality that Dreamz is renowned for,all of our hotel staff are carefully chosen and trained to be Myanmar's leading hospitality team. We are committed to providing unbeatable customer service,guaranteeing that you have an unforgettable stay with us.
ROOMS & SUITES
Hotel Dreamz provides a comprehensive range of spaces to satisfy the various needs of all of our guests including from tourists to business customers.
DINING
With three fine-dining restaurants and a range of other high quality food outlets, Hotel Dreamz offers guests an unprecedented choice of outstanding cuisines.
Banquet & Conference
Lotte Hotel Yangon also provides the facilities to host unforgettable family gatherings, once-in-a-lifetime weddings, international conferences, and business events.
FACILITIES
With stunning lake views, and unparalleled leisure and relaxation services, Lotte Hotel contains one of the most prestigious health and fitness zones in all of Yangon.
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Telephone: 098559
Address:No. 82, Sin Phyu Shin Avenue, Pyay Road, 6½ Mile, Ward 11, Hlaing Township, Yangon, Myanmar
Yangon,Myanmar
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse


Single-cell analysis¶
The single-cell analysis requires a volumetric nuclear stain image in Zarr format to find nuclei centroids. These nuclei centroids are used as seed points in a 3D watershed segmentation, providing morphological features. The nuclei centroids are also coordinates where to sample other channels for single-cell expression levels.
Convert to Zarr format¶
To facilitate parallel processing of volumetric datasets, the normalized TIFF stacks need to be broken into more manageable chunks. Fortunately, Zarr is a Python package that provides a chunk-compressed array data structure that we can use. To convert the TIFFs into a Zarr array, use the following command:
scout preprocess convert color0_rescaled/ syto.zarr -v -n 4
This will convert the TIFF stack in color0_rescaled into a Zarr NestedDirectoryStore called syto.zarr. The -n 4 argument specifies how many parallel workers to use in this conversion process. This command should be repeated for each channel.
Note: Using too many workers to convert TIFFs to Zarr may result in error messages about folder creation. A pull request has been submitted with Zarr regarding this issue.
Name each channel¶
First, it is convenient to provide the name of the staining target in a separate CSV file for building multiscale features later.
scout nuclei name sox2 tbr1 dn -o celltype_names.csv -v
Nuclei detection¶
The detection algorithm uses a filter based on curvature in nuclear signal, which is used later for segmentation. Also, the coordinates of each nucleus in physical space is also needed for future spatial analysis. These global positions in micron units can only be computed if the user provides the voxel size.
scout nuclei detect syto.zarr nuclei_probability.zarr centroids.npy --voxel-size voxel_size.csv --output-um centroids_um.npy -v
where nuclei_probability.zarr is a new Zarr array containing the probability of each voxel being a nucleus centroid and centroids.npy is a numpy array containing the voxel coordinates of the detected nuclei. In this case, we are also passing in –voxel-size voxel_size.csv in order to get a new numpy array –output-um centroids_um.npy containing the physical coordinates of the nuclei centroids.
Nuclei segmentation¶
To segment individual nuclei, run the following command:
scout nuclei segment nuclei_probability.zarr centroids.npy nuclei_foreground.zarr nuclei_binary.zarr -v
This will create two new Zarr arrays, nuclei_foreground.zarr and nuclei_binary.zarr. The nuclei_binary.zarr array contains a binary volumetric image where each nucleus as been separated with a watershed line. This watershed segmentation is used to compute morphological features for each nucleus with the following command:
scout nuclei morphology nuclei_binary.zarr centroids.npy nuclei_morphologies.csv -v
The result nuclei_morphologies.csv is a CSV file containing a table of morphological features for each detected cell.
Cytometric analysis¶
To sample fluorescence at each nucleus, run the following command:
scout nuclei fluorescence centroids.npy nuclei_fluorescence sox2.zarr/ tbr1.zarr/ -v
This command writes a few files in a new folder called nuclei_fluorescence, including a table of all mean fluorescence intensities (MFIs) for each cell. These MFIs can be used to gate cells using the following command:
scout nuclei gate nuclei_fluorescence/nuclei_mfis.npy nuclei_gating.npy 0.2 0.1 -p -v -r 1.5 1.5
where nuclei_gating.npy is a numpy array containing labels for each cell and gated channel. In this case, we are gating the first channel (sox2.zarr) at 0.2 and the second channel (tbr1.zarr) at 0.1. The flag -p plots a 2D histogram, and the -r 1.5 1.5 argument specifies the maximum range of the plot.


Notebooks
Story: The springbok resemble the water of the sea
The springbok resemble the water of the sea
Title
The springbok resemble the water of the sea
Collection
Summary
The springbok resemble the water of the sea. There are so many of them the Dutch ('Boers') soon exhaust their ammunition shooting them.
Comments
1) This story is found in Book VIII-14
Contributors
|han≠kass'o (Klein Jantje) (VIII)
Date
July 1878
Categories
Keywords
springbok (resemble the water of the sea) , springbok (a description of a herd) , springbok (are 'numerous') , springbok (cover the 'whole place') , springbok (the habits and actions of) , springbok (the hunting of) , springbok (the shooting of) , hunting (springbok) , hunting (springbok, which resemble the water of the sea) , hunting (the ammunition and weapons used) , hunting (the 'Boer's' gunpowder and gunshot are exhausted) , Dutch ('Boers') , Dutch (their gunpowder and -shot are exhausted when they hunt springbok) , weapons (used by 'Boers' to hunt springbok) , weapons (guns used to hunt springbok which resemble the water of the sea) , gun (–powder and shot used by 'Boers' to hunt springbok, which resemble the water of the sea)
Story Pages
7226v


REPORT zhro_adp_wfn_ca.
include
zhro_adp_wfn_ca_d01.
INCLUDE zhro_adp_wfn_ca_d02. "Data structures for file handling
include
zhro_adp_wfn_ca_s01.
include
zhro_adp_wfn_ca_f01. "Interface Logic
include
zhro_adp_wfn_ca_f02. "Field Logic
include
zhro_adp_wfn_ca_f03. "Effective Dates and Change Blocks
include
zhro_adp_wfn_ca_f04. "Field Mapping
include
zhro_adp_wfn_ca_f05. "Auxiliary Routines
INITIALIZATION.
PERFORM begin.
GET pernr.
ADD 1 TO gv_num_selected_pernr.
PERFORM enqueue_pernr.
PERFORM data_collection.
PERFORM validate_employee.
PERFORM export_new_data.
PERFORM change_validation.
PERFORM action_based_validation.
PERFORM fill_wfn_records.
PERFORM dequeue_pernr.
END-OF-SELECTION.
PERFORM write_to_file.
PERFORM export_summary.


About:
- Software Engineer from Nebraska.
- Background in social media marketing strategy at Chinese tech startups.
- Fluent in written and spoken Mandarin.
- Passionate about sci fi, linguistics and food trucks.
Contact:
- Email: i am jane @ gmail . com
- Insta: HazenWillbot
- GitHub: www.github.com/janehazen
- LinkedIn: www.linkedin.com/janewillborn


BREAKING: Oshiomhole's troubles worsen as APC Governors' Forum DG calls for his resignation
by Samson AdenekanThe crisis rocking Nigeria’s ruling party, APC, got worse on Wednesday as the director-general of the party’s governors’ forum called for the resignation of Adams Oshiomhole as the party’s chairman.
Salihu Lukman, the Director-General of the APC’s Progressive Governors Forum, made the call on Wednesday.
He asked Mr Oshiomhole to urgently convene a National Executive Council meeting of the party or to leave office.
“It is either Oshiomhole respect the provision of the party constitution and convene superior organ meeting to deliberate on all our challenges, or he should just accept his inability to manage the party and simply resign,” Mr Lukman said in a statement on Wednesday.
His call comes a day after the APC in Edo announced the controversial suspension of Mr Oshiomhole.
Details later…


Issue Resolved - Better Battlelog Forums #67582
Sitemap
07. December 2012 18:35
Post edited 2 x times, last by
BrainFooLong
Administrator
03. January 2013 08:31
Topicstarter
The-Nov
Please delete this thread. The Issue i was experience resolved itself. I apologize about this.


Enumerable#map
One of the most basic ways to use an enumerable is to simlpy apply an operation to each element. Say you had an array of ints and you wanted to double all of them, #Map would be a great function to help with that!
Map works by applying a block of code to each element that is enumerated over and then putting it in an array to return. It's important to know that no matter what you call Map on, it always returns an array. This is what makes map great! If you were to do the same operation with each, you would have to declare a new array and push every operated element in.
An alternative way to use map is to pass in the symbol for a method name. If you're not familiar, all the names of your methods have a symbol associated with them. For instance:
def sumwould be
:sum
Enumerable#group_by
Where the #map function always returns an array, #group_by always returns a hash. To use #group_by you need to understand that it will turn each element of your enumerable into a VALUE. That means that the block of code that you pass into #group_by calculates the KEY that each element will be hashed to.
This confused me at first, but then I thought about it and it made sense. If you had an array of values and you wanted to hash each of them as a key to a new value, basically anything you could calculate in an enumerator would be redundant. The example given in our book is
colors.group_by {|color| color.size}If you wanted to do the inverse (map color => size), I would ask why do you need to hash? All you need to do to access the color's size is to literally code color.size.
Enumerable#cycle
The #cycle function works basically the same way as .times, just for enumerables. Basically, if you call the cycle function it will "cycle" through your elements as many times as you tell it to.
Enumerable#zip
For my last piece, I chose a function I'd never heard of: zip. Zip is a little bit tricky, but basically it merges its arguments into arrays with each other. Some of the behavior gets weird unless you understand how it works.
As seen above, if you zip two arrays together you get an array of arrays paired by index. So
c[0] = [a[0], b[0]]Notice this is the transpose of creating a 2d array by saying
c = [a,b]
But what if your arrays are different sizes? You have to remember that since it is an enumerable, it iterates over each element of the object that CALLS it. So you will never get a shorter or longer array as a result. It will fill in empty spaces with nil or disregard extra values, so use wisely!
In Conclusion...
Enumerables are at the heart of what separates Ruby from other languages and they are really a big part of what makes Ruby, Ruby. There's a lot more methods out there, but I hope these are a little bit clearer now!


PART I. GENERAL PROVISIONS
Note
Sections 489-1 to 489-8 designated as Part I by L 2000, c 227, §3.
[§489-1] Purpose; construction. (a) The purpose of this chapter is to protect the interests, rights, and privileges of all persons within the State with regard to access and use of public accommodations by prohibiting unfair discrimination.
(b) This chapter shall be liberally construed to further the purposes stated in subsection (a). [L 1986, c 292, pt of §1]
Cross References
Civil rights commission, see chapter 368.


The Duke Wore Jeans (1957) (UK)
Summary Married without his parents consent, the Hon.Tony Whitecliffe (Tommy Steele), whose main interest is cattle breeding, is horrified when his parents ask him to woo a European Princess (the reason being that they are after her wealth). By chance, a cockney double (also played by Tommy Steele) arrives at their stately home and the Hon. Tony plans to send Tommy to woo the Princess in his place. Tommy travels to the Principality with his manservant Michael Medwin in support (who has a nice 'tipsy' scene- incidentally this is not the only 'pop' film in which he provided valuable support - he was also in the Billy Fury vehicle 'I've Gotta Horse'). The Princess initially takes a dim view of Tommy, but soon falls for his informal, unstuffy style . By the end, Tommy wins over the court by proving that he is an aristocrat after all- his parents being a 'Pearly King and Queen', and leads them all in a 'knees up'. This is a real old fashioned musical comedy plot, with doubles (cockney pretending to be aristocrat, in order to woo a Pricess), which borrows freely from vintage 1930s and 1940s shows such as 'Mr Cinders', Ivor Novello (pretty foreign Princess, 'Ruritanian' atmosphere), Me and My Girl (The Lambeth Walk /Cockney Pearly Kings and Queens), and the films of George Formby (with Steele's, at times, outrageous mugging to camera) This rather silly story is rescued by the vitality of Tommy Steele, (fondly remembered for the leading role in David Heneker's musical 'Half a Sixpence' in the West End, on Broadway and on film) who proves here that he always was a 'family entertainer' even in the early rock n' roll' years. He is a natural performer, and a much better actor than most other pop performers of the era (compared with say, Billy Fury for example). The film also stars (as the romantic lead) the deliciously pretty, beautiful and graceful June Laverick (note the scene where she appears in the top half of a bathrobe displaying her beautiful legs, 1950s cheesecake style!). June made a couple of films under a Rank Contract (1958-1959), and is perhaps best remembered for her weekly leading role opposite Dickie Henderson in the 'Dickie Henderson Show' (Associated Redifussion Television), a popular sitcom of the late 1950s/early 1960s. June also appeard on stage with Dickie Henderson in 'When in Rome' (Kramer(m)/Shaw and Miller(l)) at London's Adelphi Theatre from late 1959. In this musical she sang 'Sympatica', 'It's So Nice to Sleep with No One' and 'Stop' (all recorded on Oriole (45) CB1535/6/7) The songs featured in 'The Duke Wore Jeans' are: It's All Happening :What Do You Do? (Tommy Steele duets with himself) :Our Family Tree (Tommy introduces himself to the court) :Happy Guitar (the 'Top Ten' hit from the film, a skiffle type number performed with 'The Steelemen') :Gotta Let Your Hair Down (a 1957 Rock n' Roll number) : It's All Happening (Reprise) (Ballad Version); May I Call You Princess? (an attractive romantic ballad, with a lovely atmosphere, performed on nice studio set, with Tommy and June on a tree swing); Photograph My Baby (a duet, perfomed by Tommy and June) (June Laverick sang on the West End stage in 1959 (see note below), so presumably this is her own voice): 'Thanks a Lot, I've Had a Ball' (in which Tommy leads the court, and the Pearly King and Queens in a 'good old knees up') Songs in 'The Duke Wore Jeans' are all good, especially for such a modestly budgeted movie (black and white, and no foreign locations beyond what seems to be Elstree aerodrome!). All are attractive, in varying styles: from early rock n' roll, to skiffle, to lush romantic ballads, with some fine musical scoring by Bruce Montgomery. It is interesting to note that, in 1957, the producers did not go for an out and out 'rock n roll' musical - they still wanted to retain the older, family audience, so the film includes something for everybody. In summary, a pleasant, watchable but totally undemanding musical/comedy in the George Formby tradition!
By Roger Mellor If you have any comments on this review, or the movie, you can e mail me at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Check out the British Musical Movies site at: http://britmusicalfilm.webjump.com
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