RAVENOUS A movie review by Joe Barlow (c) Copyright 1999
STARRING: Guy Pearce, Robert Carlyle, Jeffrey Jones, David Arquette DIRECTOR: Antonia Bird WRITER: Ted Griffin RATED: R RELEASED: 1999
RATING: * 1/2 (out of a possible ****)
Black comedies have always courted the concept of cannibalism, but few have done so with the fervor of Antonia Bird's "Ravenous." Like so many recent films, the idea probably sounded better on paper: a group of soldiers develop a taste for human flesh, and are forced to deal with the conflicting emotions this stirs within them. But "Ravenous" uses its perch not to entertain but to preach: it's a thinly disguised morality lesson on mankind's animal tendencies, told with some of the most disquieting violence I've ever seen on the big screen.
I'm willing to believe that cannibalism can be funny-- those of you who are Monty Python fans will no doubt recall the comedy team's famous skit about an outbreak of the practice among the British Royal Navy. "Ravenous," however, takes the same three minutes of humor and pads it out to two hours, losing the focus and immediacy of the comedy along the way.
Captain John Boyd (Guy Pearce), a decorated veteran of the Mexican-American War, finds himself transferred to the wayward Fort Spencer in the mountains of California. The outpost is a small one, staffed by only eight people, but Boyd doesn't mind: it sounds like the perfect place to recuperate from his recent combat trauma, not all of which is physical.
He's not the only new arrival, however: a Scottish man named Colqhoun (Robert Carlyle) is found nearly frozen to death in the snow outside the camp. He soon recovers, and tells his hosts a strange tale involving the cannibalistic habits of his former traveling companions when they were trapped in a cave together during a fierce winter storm. Colqhoun escaped, he claims, just in time to avoid becoming their next meal.
Col. Hart (Jeffrey Jones, the bumbling principal from "Ferris Bueller's Day Off"), leads the group to the nearby cave to investigate Colqhoun's story. What they find there I will not reveal, except to mention that multiple members of the party eventually succumb to the temptation of tasting human flesh, which has ramifications they do not initially suspect.
"Ravenous" is essentially a vampire movie without the fangs, as the characters who develop a taste for human meat are forced to deal with their unnatural cravings without arousing the suspicion of their companions. Had the film been clever enough to further develop these ideas, we may have been treated to a fine psychological thriller, or at least a decent black comedy. But no: the tale repeatedly goes for cheap shots and cliche'. Robert Carlyle, so charming in "The Full Monty," enjoys playing the demented madman here: observe how he cackles like a mad scientist while dragging his latest victim into a cave. Carlyle is no stranger to playing psychotic characters: he was the dangerous Begbie in "Trainspotting." But he is less convincing as Calqhoun, probably because the character is so thinly sketched. He contradicts his story so many times over the course of the movie that I never knew whether I was supposed to feel horror, sympathy or mirth towards him.
There are some interesting avenues for character development, which the film unfortunately chooses to ignore: Boyd's experiences in the war are fascinating enough that they deserve their own movie, not the cursory flashback that "Ravenous" allows them. David Arquette's portrayal of the cackling drug- addicted camp cook seems so inconsequential that I wonder if it was improvised. He has few lines, preferring instead to giggle continuously throughout the movie. The two Indians who live in the camp also appear to have larger stories to tell, though the film doesn't give them the opportunity to become anything more than dialogue placeholders.
It's possible that the movie may have been a worthy thriller if it had stayed within its psychological boundaries; Calqhoun's tale, for example, hits a fine note of tension and horror, and we are at least able to understand the reasoning behind his actions, even if we don't condone them. But "Ravenous" goes for cheap horror cliches time and time again: Dead people repeatedly spring back to life, ala "Friday the 13th." People who are on death's door can be completely healed by a simple taste of human flesh, since the meat gives supernatural powers to any who might eat it, or some similar nonsense. By the time the film attempted to explain itself, I'd quit paying attention.
There are a couple of nice touches. The landscape photography is beautiful (I've always been a sucker for well done snow photography). Also, the musical score from Michael Nyman is unconventional, seeming to consist of three notes played over and over again, conveying a sense of looping, sonic madness. I liked the subtle but disquieting effect this generated.
There are a few entertaining moments in "Ravenous," but they are few and far between, a fact that is not helped by the story's slow pacing. The movie is much too long to justify a plot this miniscule; a more liberal fat-trimming during the editing stage (or a better script) would have made it more watchable.
("Ravenous" munches its way into theaters on Friday, March 19th.)
E-Mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Joe Barlow on Film: http://www.ipass.net/~jbarlow/film.htm
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Medieval catalogues > SECULAR INSTITUTIONS: Secular Colleges > Sudbury > Bequest by Richard Crysale, 31 December 1465
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All data was derived from the List of Identifications by Professor Richard Sharpe.
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Web Essentials
Web Essentials is very well-named, it's essential, there is a whole host of features that Web Essential
adds to Visual Studio, from Browser Link to its amazing addition to CSS intellisense and zen coding
and more. You can see the complete feature list in Web Essential site. One other thing to point out is that
in the past the minifying capability and Web Essential feature for image was all in Web Essential, for Visual
Studio 2015. This feature is now available as separate extensions, namely:
- Bundler & Minifier
- Image Optimizer
- Web Compiler
JQuery Code Snippets
This one is pretty self explanatory, it extends the Visual Studio jQuery snippets, and you don't need to spend your time typing $.ajax and what comes after it, it makes your jQuery coding speed a lot faster.
Bootstrap snippet pack
The same thing as jQuery snippet, but this time it's for Bootstrap, it makes your life a lot easier and you don't have to look for examples on the web anymore, just type "bs-Something" and you're good to go.
ASP.NET MVC BoilerPlate
Are you sick and tired of adding must use packages and tools like elmah, glimpse, etc. to your project every time you want to start a project? Well, ASP.NET MVC Boilerplate addresses this issue, it is a template with all the packages and components that we use in every project, but it is not in default Visual Studio template.
SideWaffle Template Pack
Another amazing extension, it adds tons of templates to the Visual Studio template, from templates for creating jQuery plugin to Angularjs Project template, it also makes creating custom templates a whole lot easier.
CssCop
CssCop points out any CSS mistakes. CssCop can check your Css based on set of rules and make sure you are following the best practices and avoid nasty mistakes.
JSLint.NET
JsLint is a code quality and validation tool for JavaScript, but this particular extension is a wrapper for Douglas Crockford's JSLint that bring this amazing tool to .NET.
Developer Assistant
Searching for code sample couldn't be any easier with this extension, you can see and use sample code right from your code as you are typing. It also gives you contextual search for your errors and other libraries that you are using. Word of caution though, it causes an exception in Visual Studio 2015, and I had to disable it for the time being, I don't know if the same thing will happen to you or not, I hope future bug fixes rectify this problem.
Code Cracker for C#
In the past, only big companies like JetBrain (Creator of Resharper) could build a code analysis feature and tooling for Visual Studio, because doing so was not an easy task and required a lot of work and money, but with release of Roslyn compiler and set of API that it provides for querying and working with compiler, it is easier to build a code analysis tool for C# and VB, Code Cracker contains set of rules and refactoring and best practices that provide suggestions to improve your code with code fixes that you can use, it is available as both extension and Nuget package which you can use on project by project bases.
Source: Top 14 Must Have Free Extensions For Visual Studio 2015


For I/O there is a need to give the size, displacement, and offset into a file. These quantities can easily be larger than 32 bits which can be the default size of a Fortran integer. To overcome this, these quantities are declared to be INTEGER (KIND=MPI_OFFSET_KIND) in Fortran. In C one uses MPI_Offset whereas in C++ one uses MPI::Offset.


Front-end Architecture and Style Guide
Client wanted a minimal and funky user interface without compromising the ability to quick upload and download Photos and Videos. After the work for 1 week,the Result is Minimal and User friendly design of PicFridge.
Landing Page
Minimal and Responsive UI of Landing page specially designed for picking center "Upload" "Download" which also attract users to know more about it.
Upload Page
Combination of Drag&Drop with Transfer files by adding email address of reciver, This design was one of the ease use of PicFridge.
Download Page
The multiselection files, Selecting options and Tag represents of given bucket of PicFridge gives ease feeling for user to download files so they will use PicFridge more and more time.
Info and Alert Page
As the buckets are password protected, User can share buckets only to them whom he wants to share.
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Font choice can have a strong yet subtle effect on how users perceive content. HQ uses Nunito Sans as its default font. This is embdedded in our base template and is consistent with dimagi.com.
Further reading: The science behind fonts (and how they make you feel)
Nunito Sans paragraph
Nunito Sans strong
Nunito Sans emphasis
Nunito Sans paragraph
Nunito Sans strong
Nunito Sans emphasis


We have a website that we would like to improve its design, layout is fine just colors, buttons, logo and such we need you to be available and work per hour, fast work and finest quality work is really appreciated
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. In velit lectus, efficitur eu eros vel, luctus aliquet est. Sed sit amet ligula non mauris porta dignissim..
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TABLE OF INTERACTIONS WITH
DIDANOSINE
From the French ANSM drug interactions document of September 2016, pp. 74-75
DIDANOSINE RxNorm: 3364 ATC: J05AF02 |
ALLOPURINOL RxNorm: 519 ATC: M04AA01 |
Increase of the plasma concentrations of didanosine and of its undesirable effects |
Not recommended |
DIDANOSINE RxNorm: 3364 ATC: J05AF02 |
GANCICLOVIR RxNorm: 4678 ATC: J05AB06 S01AD09 |
Risk of increase of the undesirable effects of the didanosine, and especially the mitochondrial toxicity, due to substantial increase of its concentrations. In addition, risk of decrease of the effectiveness of the ganciclovir due to decrease of its concentrations, if the two medications are ingested in an interval of less than 2 hours |
Not recommended |
DIDANOSINE RxNorm: 3364 ATC: J05AF02 |
PENTAMIDINE RxNorm: 7994 ATC: P01CX01 |
Increased risk of onset of pancreatitis due to addition of undesirable effects |
Precaution for use Monitoring of the blood amylase level. Do not use these two medications together if the blood amylase level is at the high range of normal. |
DIDANOSINE RxNorm: 3364 ATC: J05AF02 |
RIBAVIRIN RxNorm: 9344 ATC: J05AB04 |
Risk of increase of the mitochrondrial toxicity of the didanosine due to increase of its active metabolite |
Not recommended |
DIDANOSINE RxNorm: 3364 ATC: J05AF02 |
TENOFOVIR DISOPROXIL RxNorm: 300195 ATC: J05AF07 J05AR06 J05AR08 J05AR09 J05AR03 |
Risk of failure of the antiretroviral treatment, even emergence of resistance. In addition, increase of the risk of the mitchondrial toxicity of the didanosine |
Not recommended |
DIDANOSINE RxNorm: 3364 ATC: J05AF02 |
THALIDOMIDE RxNorm: 10432 ATC: L04AX02 |
Increased risk of onset of peripheral neuropathy due to addition of undesirable effects |
Precaution for use Regular clinical and biological monitoring, especially at the beginning of the administration of the two substances together. |
DIDANOSINE RxNorm: 3364 ATC: J05AF02 |
ZALCITABINE RxNorm: 3363 ATC: J05AF03 |
Increased risk of onset of pancreatitis and of peripheral neuropathy due to addition of undesirable effects |
Precaution for use Regular clinical monitoring and monitoring of the amylasemia. Do not administer these substances together if the amylasemia is at the high range of normal. |


This is Words and Buttons Online — a collection of interactive #tutorials, #demos, and #quizzes about #mathematics, #algorithms and #programming.
Dot and cross vector products are absolutely essential for everything three-dimensional. Whatever 3D thing you do: graphics, printing, physical simulation, — as soon as you want anything beyond what your framework provides, you have to do some vector magic, and these are your most basic spells.
The more embarrassing it is for me to admit. Up until very recently, I couldn't remember which way a cross product goes.
Sure, we all studied this in college. It wasn't too hard either. But without practice, the knowledge deteriorates to the bare minimum. And even with practice, some things are just getting lost in memory. Not that it's a huge issue. But remembering basic things saves time on needless experiments, plus, as I just mentioned, it's embarrassing not to remember them.
So I came up with a pair of problems, taken from practice, that do not only show properties of dot and cross vector products but are also mnemonically connected to the names “dot” and “cross”.
Point lighting is a technique used in 3D graphics. Let's pretend, all our light comes from one point in space. Then the amount of light reflected from some point of a surface will be determined by:
The first thing is called attenuation and it has nothing to do with the vector products. The second, however, is exactly the dot product.
Here is an interactive model of point light source. You can move the source and also pick a point on the surface to compute the dot product in.
Having this model installed in your brain, it's easy to remember that the dot product is maximal for codirectional vectors, minimal for contradirectional, and is zero for the orthogonal vectors. The specific order of vectors doesn't matter.
Cross product is a bit more difficult to explain since it makes little sense in two-dimensional space, and all the textbooks and blackboards and displays are two-dimensional.
In 3D it is a product of two vectors resulting in a third vector. The resulting vector is orthogonal to both input vectors. Its length equals the area of the parallelogram formed by the inputs. When the vectors are normalized, their cross product also equals the sine of the angle between them. The first, the second, and the resulting vectors form a right-hand triplet. This means that swapping input vectors also inverts the product.
These are all googleable facts, but to keep them inside the head and not in the Google, we need a good practical example and we better have this example on a flat display, too.
Lucky for us, there is one particular two-dimensional application where cross product is used and it is the half-plane classification.
Let's say we divide a 2D plane with a line. Let the line be given by a pair of points. For every point on a plane, we want to know if the point is on one side of the dividing line or the other?
If we add a new dimension to the plane, we can use the cross product to detect when the point is crossing the line. Let's form a pair of vectors. One between the points of the dividing line, and the other — from the first point of that line to the point we want to classify.
Since the input vectors lie on a plane z = 0, and the cross product is orthogonal to both, the cross product of the input vectors will always be a vector with two zeros: (0, 0, z). Now if a point to classify results to a positive z in their cross product, it lies on the left of the dividing line. If it's negative, then it's on the right. If it's zero, then we caught our point exactly crossing the line. It's neither on the right nor on the left.
Here's an interactive mnemonic. You can move the stick-man.
| i | j | k | |
| x1 | y1 | 0.00 | |
| x2 | y2 | 0.00 |
I have these mnemonics planted in my head but there are probably even better ones out there. If you know a good example, please let me know.
| Index #mathematics #tutorials | ← there's more. |
+
So You Think You Know C (free book) + Geometry for Programmers (paid book) + Github & RSS |


{% extends "apostello/django.html" %} {% block title %}Help{% endblock %} {% block content %}
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Hello, World!
I come with friendly intensions.
So BEND THE KNEE and I'll protect you or I'll BURN you
You have 5 minutes
readbut we can use the pre tagline to preserve formatting:-
we found wonderland and you and i got lost in it. didn't they tell us don't rush into things didn't you flash your green eyes at me.
we can also use a line break.
we found wonderland,
and you and i got lost in it.
didn't they tell us don't rush into things,
didn't you
flash your green eyes at me.
this is formatting. in bold.
here is italics
sort of bold again
sort of italics again.
highlighting here.
small text here
x2 trying the subscript here
y3 trying the superscript here.
striking through
underlining
and every line has a line break.
someone very wise once said: Its better to have loved and lost, but try not to lose it at all.
As it turns out, size matters. When we search through scenes for a particular object, we often miss even giant targets when their size is inconsistent with the rest of the scene. That’s according to scientists at UC Santa Barbara, where this curious phenomenon is being investigated in an effort to better understand how humans conduct visual searches.
UMNL
The Sketch of Lordeby anonymous
unknowni don't like your little games, the roles you made me play of the fool no i don't like you.
this is so colorful
this is so colorful
this is so colorful
| firstname | lastname | age |
|---|---|---|
| firstname | lastname | age |
hey hey hey         yayy


As of 2020-12-31, there are 25 differences between these two branches:
Sorry about the horizontal scrolling. An alternate view of the diffs (the current diffs, not as of 2020-12-31) is available from github, but sometimes that view is truncated.
diff --git a/chapters/01-I.-Mrs.-Rachel-Lynde-Is-Surprised.utf8 b/chapters/01-I.-Mrs.-Rachel-Lynde-Is-Surprised.utf8 -Thomas Lynde—a meek little man whom Avonlea people called “Rachel Lynde’s husband—was sowing his late turnip seed on the hill field beyond the barn; and Matthew Cuthbert ought to have been sowing his on the big red brook field away over by Green Gables. +Thomas Lynde—a meek little man whom Avonlea people called “Rachel Lynde’s husband”—was sowing his late turnip seed on the hill field beyond the barn; and Matthew Cuthbert ought to have been sowing his on the big red brook field away over by Green Gables. -At first Matthew suggested getting a Barnado boy. +At first Matthew suggested getting a Barnardo boy. diff --git a/chapters/02-II.-Matthew-Cuthbert-Is-Surprised.utf8 b/chapters/02-II.-Matthew-Cuthbert-Is-Surprised.utf8 -A merchant in Hopeton last winter donated three hundred yards of wincey to the asylum. +A merchant in Hopetown last winter donated three hundred yards of wincey to the asylum. -She came out of her reverie with a deep sigh and looked at him with the dreamy gaze of a soul that had been wondering afar, star-led. +She came out of her reverie with a deep sigh and looked at him with the dreamy gaze of a soul that had been wandering afar, star-led. diff --git "a/chapters/05-V.-Anne\342\200\231s-History.utf8" "b/chapters/05-V.-Anne\342\200\231s-History.utf8" -I had to go to the asylum at Hopeton, because nobody would take me. +I had to go to the asylum at Hopetown, because nobody would take me. -I can read pretty well and I know ever so many pieces of poetry off by heart—‘The Battle of Hohenlinden’ and ‘Edinburgh after Flodden,’ and ‘Bingen on the Rhine,’ and lots of the ‘Lady of the Lake’ and most of ‘The Seasons,’ by James Thompson. +I can read pretty well and I know ever so many pieces of poetry off by heart—‘The Battle of Hohenlinden’ and ‘Edinburgh after Flodden,’ and ‘Bingen on the Rhine,’ and lots of the ‘Lady of the Lake’ and most of ‘The Seasons,’ by James Thomson. -“‘God is a spirit, infinite, eternal and unchangeable, in His being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness, and truth,’” responded Anne promptly and glibly. +“‘God is a spirit, infinite, eternal, and unchangeable in His being, wisdom, power, holiness, justice, goodness, and truth,’” responded Anne promptly and glibly. diff --git "a/chapters/08-VIII.-Anne\342\200\231s-Bringing-up-Is-Begun.utf8" "b/chapters/08-VIII.-Anne\342\200\231s-Bringing-up-Is-Begun.utf8" -But just up the river a little way from the house there was a long green little valley, and the loveliest echo lived there +But just up the river a little way from the house there was a long green little valley, and the loveliest echo lived there. diff --git a/chapters/16-XVI.-Diana-Is-Invited-to-Tea-with-Tragic-Results.utf8 b/chapters/16-XVI.-Diana-Is-Invited-to-Tea-with-Tragic-Results.utf8 -“It was dreadful of me to forget, said Anne apologetically, “but that was the afternoon I was trying to think of a name for Violet Vale and it crowded other things out. +“It was dreadful of me to forget,” said Anne apologetically, “but that was the afternoon I was trying to think of a name for Violet Vale and it crowded other things out. -It’s on the second shelf of the sitting-room closet and you and Diana can have it if you like, and a cooky to eat with it along in the afternoon, for I daresay Matthew’ll be late coming in to tea since he’s hauling potatoes to the vessel.” +It’s on the second shelf of the sitting-room closet and you and Diana can have it if you like, and a cooky to eat along with it in the afternoon, for I daresay Matthew’ll be late coming in to tea since he’s hauling potatoes to the vessel.” -Marilla had changed her mind about its being all right by the time she got back from Orchard Slope. +Marilla had changed her mind about it being all right by the time she got back from Orchard Slope. diff --git a/chapters/19-XIX.-A-Concert,-a-Catastrophe,-and-a-Confession.utf8 b/chapters/19-XIX.-A-Concert,-a-Catastrophe,-and-a-Confession.utf8 -You don’t find it right out at first, as in Matthew’s case, but after awhile you come to see it. +You don’t find it right out at first, as in Matthew’s case, but after a while you come to see it. diff --git a/chapters/20-XX.-A-Good-Imagination-Gone-Wrong.utf8 b/chapters/20-XX.-A-Good-Imagination-Gone-Wrong.utf8 -Bitterly did she resent the license she had given to her imagination. +Bitterly did she repent the license she had given to her imagination. diff --git a/chapters/25-XXV.-Matthew-Insists-on-Puffed-Sleeves.utf8 b/chapters/25-XXV.-Matthew-Insists-on-Puffed-Sleeves.utf8 -If Matthew knew there was such a thing as fashion in dress it is much as he did; but he was quite sure that Anne’s sleeves did not look at all like the sleeves the other girls wore. +If Matthew knew there was such a thing as fashion in dress it is as much as he did; but he was quite sure that Anne’s sleeves did not look at all like the sleeves the other girls wore. -That night Marilla and Matthew, who had been out to a concert for the first time in twenty years, sat for awhile by the kitchen fire after Anne had gone to bed. +That night Marilla and Matthew, who had been out to a concert for the first time in twenty years, sat for a while by the kitchen fire after Anne had gone to bed. diff --git a/chapters/26-XXVI.-The-Story-Club-Is-Formed.utf8 b/chapters/26-XXVI.-The-Story-Club-Is-Formed.utf8 -“Perhaps after awhile I’ll get used to it, but I’m afraid concerts spoil people for every-day life. +“Perhaps after a while I’ll get used to it, but I’m afraid concerts spoil people for every-day life. -It’s called ‘The Jealous Rival; or, in Death Not Divided.’ +It’s called ‘The Jealous Rival; or, In Death Not Divided.’ -Let you and I have a story club all our own and write stories for practice. +Let’s you and I have a story club all our own and write stories for practice. diff --git "a/chapters/29-XXIX.-An-Epoch-in-Anne\342\200\231s-Life.utf8" "b/chapters/29-XXIX.-An-Epoch-in-Anne\342\200\231s-Life.utf8" -It’s nice to be eating ice-cream at brilliant restaurants at eleven o’clock at night once in awhile; but as a regular thing I’d rather be in the east gable at eleven, sound asleep, but kind of knowing even in my sleep that the stars were shining outside and that the wind was blowing in the firs across the brook. +It’s nice to be eating ice-cream at brilliant restaurants at eleven o’clock at night once in a while; but as a regular thing I’d rather be in the east gable at eleven, sound asleep, but kind of knowing even in my sleep that the stars were shining outside and that the wind was blowing in the firs across the brook. diff --git a/chapters/31-XXXI.-Where-the-Brook-and-River-Meet.utf8 b/chapters/31-XXXI.-Where-the-Brook-and-River-Meet.utf8 -Hills peeped o’er hill and Alps on Alps arose. +Hills peeped o’er hills and Alps on Alps arose. diff --git a/chapters/32-XXXII.-The-Pass-List-Is-Out.utf8 b/chapters/32-XXXII.-The-Pass-List-Is-Out.utf8 -Charlie and Gilbert were not above doing this too, but Moody Spurgeon stayed resolutely away +Charlie and Gilbert were not above doing this too, but Moody Spurgeon stayed resolutely away. diff --git "a/chapters/34-XXXIV.-A-Queen\342\200\231s-Girl.utf8" "b/chapters/34-XXXIV.-A-Queen\342\200\231s-Girl.utf8" -As Marilla watched the bright, animated face and graceful motions her thoughts went back to the evening Anne had arrived at Green Gables, and memory recalled a vivid picture of the odd, frightened child in her preposterous yellowish-brown wincey dress, the heartbreak looking out of her tearful eyes. +As Marilla watched the bright, animated face and graceful motions her thoughts went back to the evening Anne had arrived at Green Gables, and memory recalled a vivid picture of the odd, frightened child in her preposterous yellowish-gray wincey dress, the heartbreak looking out of her tearful eyes. diff --git a/chapters/37-XXXVII.-The-Reaper-Whose-Name-Is-Death.utf8 b/chapters/37-XXXVII.-The-Reaper-Whose-Name-Is-Death.utf8 -I meant to, after awhile—but I was sulky and angry and I wanted to punish him first. +I meant to, after a while—but I was sulky and angry and I wanted to punish him first. diff --git a/chapters/38-XXXVIII.-The-Bend-in-the-Road.utf8 b/chapters/38-XXXVIII.-The-Bend-in-the-Road.utf8 -As ‘Josiah Allen’s wife’ says, I shall be ‘mejum.’ +As ‘Josiah Allen’s Wife’ says, I shall be ‘mejum.’ -As Mrs. Lynde told her Thomas that night. +As Mrs. Lynde told her Thomas that night,


The following scripts were written in Avenue, the scripting language of ArcView version 2 (Environmental Systems Research Institute, Redlands, CA). To install these pattern finding applications, copy these five scripts into your project and create two new buttons in the View button bar called `Find Same' and `Blind Pattern.' Select `View.FindSame.ave' as the script for the `Find Same' button and `View.FindSameUpdate.ave' as the update script for the button. Select `View.BlindPattern.ave' as the script for the `Blind Pattern' button. These names may be shortened for a DOS-based operating system.'********************************************************************
'View.BlindPattern.ave
'Raj Singh, 1996
theView = av.GetActiveDoc
theThemeList = theView.GetThemes
dontstop = true
usedThemeList = List.Make
while (dontstop = true)
'Have the user choose a theme
themeChoice = MsgBox.Choice (theThemeList,"Select a theme of interest","Theme Select (Cancel when done)")
usedThemeList = usedThemeList.Add(themeChoice)
'if the user hits cancel, then they are done and we send
'the list of used themes to the calling script
if (themeChoice = nil) then
dontstop = false
returnVal = av.Run ("FS.IntersectThemes",usedThemeList)
exit
end
'Have the user choose a field from the chosen theme
themeChoiceFTab = themeChoice.GetFTab
themeChoiceFieldList = themeChoiceFTab.GetFields
themeChoiceName = themeChoice.GetName
titleName = themeChoiceName+" Attribute Selection"
fieldChoice = MsgBox.Choice (themeChoiceFieldList, "Select a field of interest",titleName)
if (fieldChoice = nil) then
MsgBox.Error("No field chosen","")
exit
end
'get summary info, so far mean, maximum, minimum
fieldsum = 0
fieldmin = 0
fieldmax = 0
for each recno in themeChoiceFTab
fieldVal = themeChoiceFTab.ReturnValue(fieldChoice,recno)
if ( fieldVal >= 0 ) then
fieldsum = fieldsum + fieldVal
end
if ( fieldVal < fieldmin ) then
fieldmin = fieldVal
end
if ( fieldVal > fieldmax ) then
fieldmax = fieldVal
end
end
numrecs = themeChoiceFTab.GetNumRecords
fieldmean = fieldsum / numrecs
statString = "MAX="+fieldmax.AsString+" MEAN="+fieldmean.AsString+" MIN="+fieldmin.AsString
'shows the user min & max and asks for user min & max
minString = fieldChoice.GetAlias+" statistics: "+statString+"."+"What is the MINIMUM value you are interested in?"
maxString = fieldChoice.GetAlias+" statistics: "+statString+"."+"What is the MAXIMUM value you are interested in?"
minVal = MsgBox.Input(minString,"Minimum Value",fieldmean.AsString)
maxVal = MsgBox.Input(maxString,"Maximum Value",fieldmean.AsString)
'select all the objects that meet the requirements
queryStringy = "(["+fieldchoice.GetAlias+"]>="+minVal+") and (["+fieldChoice.GetAlias+"]<="+maxVal+")"
isOK = themeChoiceFTab.Query(queryStringy,themeChoiceFTab.GetSelection,#VTAB_SELTYPE_NE)
themeChoiceFTab.UpdateSelection
av.GetProject.SetModified(true)
end 'while
returnVal = av.Run ("FS.IntersectThemes",usedThemeList)
'********************************************************************
'View.FindSame.ave
'Raj Singh, 1996
'This script finds the values of the selected fields of selected
'themes which underly the selected polygon. Then based on those
'values, the user can expand their range a bit and find all other
'areas on the map that fall within the range of values chosen for the
'selected themes.
'
'the update script should make sure only one theme is active and
'only one polygon is selected when this script is called
theView = av.GetActiveDoc
theObjectTheme = av.GetActiveDoc.GetActiveThemes.Get(0)
theFTab = av.GetActiveDoc.GetActiveThemes.Get(0).GetFTab
themeFieldList = List.Make
theThemeList = theView.GetThemes
themeFieldList = themeFieldList.Empty
usedThemeList = av.Run ("FS.SelectThemes","")
usedCount = usedThemeList.Count
returnVal = av.Run ("FS.IntersectThemes",usedThemeList)


Video Reformatting using Mediapipe
This is a thin wrapper around Google's autoflip mediapipe component. See here for more details.
{% end %}{% include 'partials/header.html' %} {% include 'partials/navigation.html' %}
This is a thin wrapper around Google's autoflip mediapipe component. See here for more details.
{% end %}


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At $print $time , the device
$print $deviceName, while being on transport
$print $transportName, had limit violations for the following read measures:
$for $measures
-
$print $call $format $"Measured value for %1$s was %2$s %3$s" $name $value $unit
$if $lower
$print $call $format $", lower limit is %1$s %2$s" $lower $unit
$endif
$if $upper
$print $call $format $", upper limit is %1$s %2$s" $upper $unit
$endif .
$endfor
The approximate position of the transport was the following:
$print $call $image
$"INET_HTTP_GOOGLE_MAPS_API"
$"staticmap?zoom=13&size=600x300&maptype=roadmap?center=%1$s,%2$s&markers=color:red%%7C%1$s,%2$s&key=%3$s"
$latitude
$longitude
$"AIzaSyA09vFLGNsce8k4xZwAZS764sYKJjjePhg"
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privileged, undisclosed, or otherwise confidential
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John Doe's Resume
Education
Nicholas Cage High School for the Performing Arts
University of Hard Knocks
Work Experience
Explosives Handler, Acme Research and Development 1996-2005
Crash Tester, Acme Motor Vehicles 2006-2015
Personal Food Taster, CEO of Acme Industries 2016-2020
Skills
Avoiding death
Being a
great scapegoat
Making poor decisions
without consequence
Cooking
delicious
pastries


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Figure 1
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Structural and morphological properties of CsZn xPb 1-xX 3 N ... |
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Figure 2
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Optical properties of CsZn xPb 1-xX 3 NCs at a different con ... |
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Figure 3
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The variation of PL energy with lattice vector for different ... |
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Figure 4
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Structural and optical properties of mixed halides NCs at 15 ... |
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Figure 5
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Optical characterization of white light emission. ( a) EL sp ... |


Ping Pong
Let's Play!!
Rules:
Numbers divisible by 3 are replaced by ping
Numbers divisible by 5 are replaced by pong
Numbers divisible by both are replaced by ping-pong
Please enter the number you want to play...
Play!


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Teleology is like a mistress to a biologist: he cannot live without her but he’s unwilling to be seen with her in public. — J B S Haldane
This chapter:
Wikipedia definition: Teleology
Teleology is any philosophical account that holds that final causes exist in nature, meaning that design and purpose analogous to that found in human actions are inherent also in the rest of nature.
Incomplete Nature glossary:
Teleomatic: Automatically achieving an end, as when a thermodynamic system develops toward equilibrium or gravity provides the end state for a falling rock
Teleonomy (Teleonomic): Teleological in name only. A terminological distinction that would exemplify a middle ground between mere mechanism and purpose, behavior predictably oriented toward a particular target state even in systems where there was no explicit representation of that state or intention to achieve it
Teleological (Teleology): Purposive, or end-directed (the study of such relationships). Philosophically related to Aristotle’s concept of a “final cause”
This section:
Key words: Entropy, Rudolf Clausius, Second law of thermodynamics, Time reversal [AKA T-symmetry] Aristotle, Final cause
Topics covered: biology, physics, philosophy
recap- Rudolf Clausius/1865: Entropy - the tendency in nature for things to fall apart. p107
description- Second law of thermodynamics: all other things being equal: entropy will go for broke. p107
description- Thus: Life and thinking - order and organization - are quite unnatural and appear to violate a universal law. p108
observation- Loophole: Second law is a tendency - but not a necessity. There's room to wiggle here. p108
observation- In life: Time reversal appears implicit as is Aristotle's 'final cause'. p109
observation- an organism implies ongoing increasing of complexity that counters the incessant messiness of entropy. Yet, future events are not causing present events. p109
question- So what could possibly be causing organisms to appear? p109
This section:
Key words: Functions, Daniel Dennett, Darwin's Dangerous Idea, Charles Darwin, The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex Natural selection, Jean-Baptiste Lamarck, Edward Thorndike, Law of effect, Empedocles, Aristotle, Entelechy, Thomas Malthus, Jacques Monod, Chance and Necessity
From the Incomplete Nature glossary:
Entelechy: A term Aristotle coined for a non-perceptible principle in organisms leading to full actualization of what was merely potential. It is responsible for the growth of the embryo into an adult of its species, and for the maintenance of the organism’s species-specific activities as an adult
Topics covered: biology, philosophy
description- The production of orderliness - localized opposition to the second law of thermodynamics - is what distinguishes life from inorganic processes. p109
description- The processes produced by organisms are not mere tendencies, but can be termed as functions. p110
description- We know of functions as part of the process of design. Darwin taught us that functions may emerge spontaneously. p110
recap- The logic of natural selection defeats claims that teleogy is necessary to explain complexity of biology. p110
recap- Daniel Dennet: natural selection is the universal acid. p110
observation- Theory of natural selection = statistics. p110
recap- Darwin: How do organisms become suited to their environment:
recap- Darwin: Process generates inequalities. Differs with Lamarck's inheritance of acquired characteristics. p110
recap- Darwin's discovery/Descent of Man: logic of natural selection is the after-the-fact logic p111. Favorable outcomes preferentially reproduced, retained or expressed. How these are generated matters not. p111
recap- Edward Thorndike's 'Law of Effect': organisms adapt their behavior to their environment. p111
observation- Why did it take so long to discover? Humans are designers. Maybe because it is easier to think there's a supreme designer than to intuit the spontaneity. p111
recap- Empedocles: orderliness may arrive spontaneously - by preserved accident. Only combinations that produce balance/fitness likely to persist and produce progeny. p111
recap- Aristotle disses Empedocles. How could the order and beauty we see be merely accidental? There's an entelechy lurking. p113
recap- Darwin's thoughts: provoked by Malthus, supervene Larmarck. p113
recap- Darwin: Mechanisms for reproducing and preserving forms and functions are entirely separable. p113
recap- Jacques Monod's Chance and Necessity: all of natural science [systems of molecular biology] may be explained without final causality or teleological processes. p114
This section:
Key words: Ernst Mayr, Willar Van Ormand Quine, Colin Pittendrigh, Teleonomy, Gregory Bateson, Old Faithful, Walter Cannon
Topics covered: biology, physics, philosophy
comparison- Machines require assembly. Organisms develop spontaneously. Though they appear similar, they are opposites. p114
recap- Ernst Mayer/1974: we can avoid confusing the asymmetric activities - by distinguishing the variations. Nonetheless all can be understood as thoroughly mechanistic - an exception: life itself. p115
recap- Van Quine: Darwin shows that nature needs no Aristotelian final cause - she can be explained merely by physics and chemistry. p115
recap- Colin Pittendrigh/1958: coins teleonomy: law-like behavior, asymmetric, predictive. p115
observation- A mechanical process can be organized so it converges towards a specific state.
caveat- This is NOT behavior for the the sake of the end state.
assertion: Teleonomy: target-directed, but behavior agnostic, consequence-blind, accident-driven
observation: Teleonomy: itself an accident, a mechanism.
example- The thermostat (in a Bateson-like manner): it behaves precisely how a purpose-driven human would behave. p116
example- Old Faithful: shows a teleonomic mechanism can arise by accident. p117
consequence- It/we/them may all be an accident. p117
example- Consider human body temperature regulation: similar to thermostat, maintains a temperature. p118
description- Body temperature is not just any arbitrary temperature, it is the most suitable temperature for a variety of metabolic processes to operate optimally. p118
observation- Body temperature: target is extrinsic. Not accidental like old Faithful. p118
outcome- But ultimately body temperature is just most successful surviving variant. p118
recap- Mayr: 'A teleonomic process or behavior is one which owes its goal-directedness to the operation of the program.' p119
observation- Use of term 'program' is important. Because denotes algorithms of any level of complexity. p119
caveat- But do not confuse an extrinsic abstract description with something that is intrinsic. p120
recap- Mayr: Teleomatic: asymmetric, end-directed, in a passive automatic way, regulated by external forces or conditions. p120
observation- Teleology, teleonomic, teleomatic: terms now widely accepted. p121
question- But what are the differences between: human design, natural selection and happy accident? p122
define- telos An ultimate object or aim. p122
observation- Anything made by humans: we accept its telos is extrinsic. p122
observation- Anything in nature we (including ourselves) accept its telos is accidental - even if the terms we use seem to imply telos. p122
question- But what about the many adaptive features, embedded in an organism, that exist because of their contribution to something else? p122
question- Is a teleonomic mechanism that helps preserve a larger system to persist and reproduce the same as a mechanism generated by accident? p123
Are body parts teleological, teleonomic or teleomatic?
guidance- you should examine evolution closely, to see if its functions are or are not reducible to teleomatic logic and [[page:Ententional ententional]] in appearance only. p123
This section:
Key words: Humoral immune response, Hypermutation, Blanks slate [aka Tabula rasa], , B F Skinner, Karl Popper, Evolutionary epistemology, Donald T. Campbell, Blind variation and selective retention, Gerald Edelman, Immunoglobulin [aka antibody], Artificial life
Topics covered: biology, philosophy
observation: We can replace purposeful design strategies with mindless selection [teleonomic] mechanisms. p124
recap- A success for Law of Effect: Humoral immune response. p124
recap- Common sense suggested immune response was a blank slate - ready to accept what was presented to it. p124
recap- Reality: in pre-natal state hypermutation produces vast array of forms. Later, when exposed to disease, with a bit of luck some of these forms bind with the enemy. If it fits, this is the signal to make more of the same. p124
recap- Most will never be used. Fit is only approximate. No information is acquired. p124
recap- B F Skinner and behaviorism: spontaneous exploratory behavior analogous to genetic variation. Reward or punishment analogous to selection pressures. Habit formation or extinction analogous to differential reproduction. p125
recap: Karl Popper: evolutionary epistemology: progressive adaptation of scientific knowledge to its empirical subject matter. p125
recap: Donald T Campbell: 'blind variation and selective retention'. p126
recap- Gerald Edelman: start with an overabundance of neurons and connections. Keep the ones that best reflect converging signal correlations. p126
recap- Artificial life: computer simulation of natural selection or unnatural selection. Perhaps teleogy free - but don't forget that parameters are extrinsically determined by humans. p127
caveat- But remember it's only a game. These are but logical idealizations. p128
This section:
Key words: DNA, RNA, Ernst Mayr, Richard Dawkins, Selfish Gene, Turing Machine, Jesper Hoffmeyer, Biosemiotics, Claus Emmeche, Prions, Paul Weiss, Élan vital
Topics covered: biology, philosophy
question- Isn't the secret of life the replication of DNA? p128
description- DNA and RNA mean that life may be understood in the terms of information processing. p128 'Algorithms' appears to be a reasonable caricature. p129
description- Even evolution may be explained in these terms with the introduction of errors into the code. p129
recap- Richard Dawkins's Selfish Gene (1976): possible to think of evolution in informational terms - with genes as the organizational software. p130
recap- But DNA (software) needs an organism (hardware) to run in. For Dawkins: the organism is the medium through which genes influence their probability of being replicated
recap- Jesper Hoffmeyer: selection external/mutations internal. But mutation is random. p131
recap- Claus Emmeche: organism becomes passive meeting place for forces alien to itself. p131
description- Prions: good example of the complexity of self-replication. p132>
observation- Dawkins is not incorrect, but equating information with pattern smuggles in systemic properties - while pretending they can be provided by passive artifact. p133
recap- Paul Weiss (1960s): Biology builds prosthetic devices to make up for amputations to the organic wholeness.
description Organisms are not mere assembles of parts. They grow. p134
observation- Élan vital hasn't been snuffed, it's just been pushed into smaller parts within parts - homunculi - tiny simpler bits have to do the heavy lifting. p135
This section:
Key words: Natural selection, Law of Effect, Charles Darwin, [page:Ententional Ententional], Teleology
Topics covered: biology, philosophy
question- What physical process is the minimum required to get things going? Why ask? p136
assertion- Natural selection could not have produced the conditions that made natural selection possible. p136
observation- The details matter. Materiality - the consideration of the substrate - unlike computers - is critical - dictates persistence. p136
observation- Darwin ignores the 'how' in natural selection. Yet the 'how' encompasses adaptation, function, information. p137
description- Life and evolution show a hint how emergence emerges. p137
observation- Must start without any telos, but end up with telos - not vice versa. p138
question- How can ententional properties come into existence where none existed before - and have good science?
caveat- there is no point at which ententional properties slip into the second law of thermodynamics. p138
caveat- Fractionation not good/no help. Just because you make things smaller, this doesn't mean they are time reversible. p139
observation- at some point telos does emerge from simpler mechanics. How this happens is what must be explained. p140
observation- Homunculi point to the unfinished business. p140
definition- 1. Life had its origins in non-living matter. Progresses.  Humans thoughts emerge from the cacophony of neurons. Mind emerges from simpler processes - originally and continually. 141
question- How do you get something from nothing. Complex out of simple? Cloth out of threads... p141
description- We can see how organisms do this. But how does the inanimate and inorganic do this? How do we get from the basic physics to the the beginning of life? p141
observation- It's all a continuum - of reciprocal limitations. p141
question- How can a higher dimension arise from a lower dimension? p142


The look and say sequence goes 1, 11, 21, 1211, 111221, 312211, 13112221,<PHONE_NUMBER>, ...
The sequence starts with 1 and all other members are obtained by describing the previous member in terms of consecutive digits.
It helps to do this out loud:
1 is 'one one' 11
11 is 'two ones' 21
21 is 'one two and one one' 1211
1211 is 'one one, one two and two ones' 111221
111221 is 'three ones, two twos and one one' 312211
...
Define A(n), B(n) and C(n) as the number of ones, twos and threes in the n'th element of the sequence respectively.
One can verify that A(40) = 31254, B(40) = 20259 and C(40) = 11625.
Find A(n), B(n) and C(n) for n = 1012.
Give your answer modulo 230 and separate your values for A, B and C by a comma.
E.g. for n = 40 the answer would be 31254,20259,11625


Department of Computer Science
works on deep learning at Google; He is the creator of the Keras deep-learning library, as well as a contributor to the TensorFlow framework.
What is deep learning?
The mathematical building blocks of neural networks
Getting started with neural networks
Fundamentals of machine learning
Deep learning for Computer Vision
Generative Deep Learning
TensorFlow GPU Installation


The following provides a rough lecture schedule and links to resources for each lecture. Keep in mind this will change as the semester progresses.
| Tuesday | Thursday | Deadlines |
| 03/18 Syllabus, Introduction | 03/20 Motivation, Basic Charts | 03/20 GitHub Setup (Survey) |
| 03/25 Perception | 03/27 Using R, GGPlot2, and Shiny | 03/27 Homework 1: Basic Charts |
| 04/01 Interactivity | 04/03 Multivariate Data Visualization | 04/04 Homework 2: Interactive |
| 04/08 Design and Evaluation | 04/10 Text Data Visualization |
04/08 Homework 2: Feedback
04/11 Homework 3: Multivariate |
| 04/15 Dimensionality | 04/17 Temporal Data Visualization |
04/15
Project Dataset
04/15 Homework 3: Feedback 04/18 Homework 4: Text |
| 04/22 Geospatial Data Visualization* | 04/24 Network Data Visualization* |
04/22
Project Sketch
04/22 Homework 4: Feedback 04/25 Homework 5: Temporal |
| 04/28 Speaker: Reza Ali** | 05/01 Prototype Demonstrations |
04/29
Homework 5: Feedback
05/01 Project Prototypes |
| 05/06 Project Presentations |
05/08
Project Presentations SUMMA Evaluations |
05/08
Project Presentations
05/15 Final Project |
* These topics will be introduced, but not assessed.


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Images may not be downloaded from this site.


黒の手番です。61 はどう動かしますか？
0-0:3pt
pips Black=133 White=95
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
1. 11/5 6/5 eq:+0.676 65.92% (G:10.05% B:0.55%) 34.08% (G:11.37% B:2.11%) 2. 24/18 6/5 eq:+0.489 (-0.187) 61.93% (G:11.10% B:0.90%) 38.07% (G:18.85% B:0.65%) 3. 11/5 7/6 eq:+0.470 (-0.206) 60.27% (G: 9.93% B:0.27%) 39.73% (G:10.67% B:0.53%) 4. 7/1 6/5 eq:+0.422 (-0.254) 59.09% (G: 9.63% B:0.22%) 40.91% (G:11.40% B:0.75%) 5. 8/2* 6/5 eq:+0.135 (-0.541) 50.97% (G: 9.18% B:0.23%) 49.03% (G:19.94% B:1.93%)


Taking the Coursera Deep Learning Specialization, Improving Deep Neural Networks: Hyperparameter tuning, Regularization and Optimization course. Will post condensed notes every week as part of the review process. All material originates from the free Coursera course, taught by Andrew Ng. See deeplearning.ai for more details.
Assumes you have knowledge of Neural Networks and Deep Learning.
Table of Contents
Practical Aspects of Deep Learning
Setting Up Your Machine Learning Application
Train/Dev/Test Sets
Recall:
- Training set is used to teach your model how to accomplish tasks
- Dev set (Cross Validation Set) is used to decide which algorithms and hyperparameters to use in your neural network model.
- Test set is used to evaluate your model’s performance.
Classic old training set divisions were among the range of 60% / 20% / 20%. This may have been fine when there were less than a million training examples
Modern machine learning divisions are much more skewed. Given 1 million training examples, might only allocate 10,000 (1%) to dev and 10,000 (1%) to test. It is not uncommon to use less than a single percent for dev and test given large datasets.
Make sure that your development and test sets come from the same distribution!
It might be okay to only have a train and dev set. Test say may be ignored.
Bias/Variance
High Bias. Underfitting. Does not closely match the training data.
High Variance. Overfitting. Extremely close match to the training data.
Basic Recipe for Machine Learning
After having training your model, evaluate whether or not your algoirthm has high bias. (Observe the training data performance.)
- If it does have high bias, perhaps make a bigger network, or train longer. (Maybe change your neural network architecture?).
- Increasing the network size pretty much always reduces your bias. (This does not effect your variance.)
Once the high bias propblem is solved, check if you have high variance (evaluate your dev set performance.)
- If it does have high variance, perhaps get more data, or perform regularization.
- Getting more data will pretty much always lower your variance. (This does not negatively effect your bias, usually)
Regularizing your Neural Network
Regularization
If you have a high variance problem (your model is overfitting and performing really well on your training data, but not on your dev set), regularization is one way to help.
In logistic regression, recall:
$$ J(w, b) = \dfrac{1}{m} \sum\limits^{m}_{i=1} \mathcal{L}(\hat{y}^{(i)}, y^{(i)}) + \dfrac{\lambda}{2m} ||w||^2_2 $$
L2 Regularization
$$ ||w||^2_2 = \sum\limits^{n_x}_{j=1} w_j^2 = w^Tw$$
L1 Regularization
$$ \dfrac{\lambda}{m} \sum\limits^{n_x}_{j=1}|w_j| = \dfrac{\lambda}{m}||w||_1 $$
In L1 regularization, $w$ will be sparse.
The Lambda $\lambda$ is known as the regularization parameter. This is another hyperparameter that one needs to tune.
For Neural Networks, regularization looks more like:
$$ J(w^{[1]}, b^{[1]}, \dots, w^{[L]}, b^{[L]}) = \dfrac{1}{m} \sum\limits^{m}_{i=1} \mathcal{L}(\hat{y}^{(i)}, y^{(i)}) + \dfrac{\lambda}{2m} \sum\limits^{L}_{l=1} ||w^{[l]}||^2_F $$
$$ ||w^{[l]}||^2_F = \sum\limits^{n^{[l-1]}}_{i=1} \sum\limits^{n^{[l]}}_{j=1} (w^{[l]}_{ij})^2 $$
Recall the shape of w is $(n^{[l]}, n^{[l-1]})$. This matrix norm is called the Forbenius Norm.
$$ || \cdot || ^2_2 \rightarrow || \cdot ||^2_F$$
This is also known as weight decay.
$$ W^{[l]} = W^{[l]} - \alpha[(\text{From Backprop}) + \dfrac{\lambda}{m}W^{[l]}] $$ $$ (1-\dfrac{\alpha\lambda}{m})W^{[l]} = W^{[l]} - \dfrac{\alpha\lambda}{m} W^{[l]} - \alpha(\text{From Backprop}) $$
Why regularization reduces overfitting?

If your activation function is $g(z) = tanh(z)$, regularizing puts your values close to zero, allowing it to be effected by the linear portion of the tanh function.
Make sure you plot the correct value of J with the regularization parameter.
Dropout Regularization
Dropout regularization is going through each of the layers in a neural network and for each node randomly remove a node. (For instance, each node has a 50% chance of being removed.)
Implementing dropout for layer l=3
keep_prob = 0.8
d3 = np.random.rand(a3.shape[0], a3.shape[1]) < keep_prob
a3 = np.multiply(a3, d3)
a3 /= keep_prob
If you had 50 units, you probably have around 10 units shut off.
$$ Z^{[4]} = W^{[4]}a^{[3]}+b^{[4]} $$
$$ a^{[3]} \leftarrow \text{ has been reduced by } 20% $$
the /= 0.8
increases the weight back.
On each iteration of gradient descent, you zero out different patterns of your hidden units.
At Test Time, do not use dropout. Dropoout is primarily most effective during training. When testing, you don’t want your output to be random.
Understanding Dropout
Drop out works because you can’t rely on any one feature, therefore you should spread out your weights. This serves to shrink the weights in your neural network.
You do not have to drop out each layer. Drop out can be layer specific.
Drop out is really effective for computer vision problems
One caveat is that this makes the cost function less defined as your nodes are being randomly killed each iteration.
Other regularization methods
What you can do is augment your training set. For instance, if your training set has a bunch of photos, it might be valid to double your training set by flipping it horizontally. Might also be good to take random distortions (rotations, cropping), to make more ‘fake’ training samples.
Early Stopping might also be another way to minimize the effects of high variance.
The downside of early stopping is you’re not performing the two step process of optimizing the cost function J and second step of not overfitting.
L2 Regularization might be better than early stopping, at the price of more computation.
Setting up your optimization problem
Normalizing Inputs
Normalizing your inputs corresponds to two steps
- subtract out the mean
- normalize the variances
You should also use the same values for $\mu$ and $\sigma$ on the dev/test set.
When the scale is more uniform, gradient descent perfroms better and your learning rate does not have to be extremely small.
Vanishing/Exploding Gradients
Given a very deep network, it is possible to have slightly greater than one weights make the activtions explode to be very high.
It is also possible to have slightly less than one weights make the activations shrink to be some extremely small value.
To combat this, a partial solution is one must carefully initialize the weights.
Weight Initialization for Deep Networks
One reasonable thing to do is to set the variance of $w_i$ to be equal to $\dfrac{1}{n}$.
w_l = np.random.randn(shape) * np.sqrt(2/n_last_l)
This is perfectly fine for ReLU.
Might also use Xavier initialization, for tanh. Look up research for weight initialization.
Numerical Approximation of Gradients
Given your point, add an epsilon and subtract an epsilon. Calculate the triangle given these two points, and compare with the derivative computed from the point afterwards.
Gradient Checking
Gradient checking is a technique to verify that your implementation of backpropagation is correct.
Take all of your parameters $W^{[1]}, b^{[1]}, \dots, W^{[L]}, b^{[L]} $ and reshape them into a big vector $\theta$
Take all of your parameter derivatives $dW^{[1]}, db^{[1]}, \dots, dW^{[L]}, db^{[L]} $ and reshape them into a big vector $d\theta$
Gradient Checking (Grad Check)
for each i:
dThetaApprox [i] = J(theta1, theta2, theta3, theta[i + e]) -
J(theta1 theta2, theat[i - e])
In practice, it might he useful to set epsilon to be $10^{-7}$.
Gradient Checking Implementation Notes
- Don’t use gradient checking in training, only to debug.
- If an algorithm fails grad check, look at components to try to identify bug.
- Remember to use your regularization terms.
- Gradient checking implementation does not work with drop out.
- Run at random intiailization; then run it again after some training.


/** * @class Ext.Element *Encapsulates a DOM element, adding simple DOM manipulation facilities, normalizing for browser differences.
*All instances of this class inherit the methods of {@link Ext.Fx} making visual effects easily available to all DOM elements.
*Note that the events documented in this class are not Ext events, they encapsulate browser events. To * access the underlying browser event, see {@link Ext.EventObject#browserEvent}. Some older * browsers may not support the full range of events. Which events are supported is beyond the control of ExtJs.
* Usage:
* Animations// by id var el = Ext.get("my-div"); // by DOM element reference var el = Ext.get(myDivElement);
* Many of the functions for manipulating an element have an optional "animate" parameter. The animate parameter * should either be a boolean (true) or an object literal with animation options.  The Element animation options are:Option Default Description --------- -------- --------------------------------------------- duration .35 The duration of the animation in seconds easing easeOut The easing method callback none A function to execute when the anim completes scope this The scope (this) of the callback function* Also, the Anim object being used for the animation will be set on your options object as "anim", which allows you to stop or * manipulate the animation. Here's an example:* Composite (Collections of) Elementsvar el = Ext.get("my-div"); // no animation el.setWidth(100); // default animation el.setWidth(100, true); // animation with some options set el.setWidth(100, { duration: 1, callback: this.foo, scope: this }); // using the "anim" property to get the Anim object var opt = { duration: 1, callback: this.foo, scope: this }; el.setWidth(100, opt); ... if(opt.anim.isAnimated()){ opt.anim.stop(); }
* For working with collections of Elements, see {@link Ext.CompositeElement} * @constructor Create a new Element directly. * @param {String/HTMLElement} element * @param {Boolean} forceNew (optional) By default the constructor checks to see if there is already an instance of this element in the cache and if there is it returns the same instance. This will skip that check (useful for extending this class). */ (function(){ var DOC = document; Ext.Element = function(element, forceNew){ var dom = typeof element == "string" ? DOC.getElementById(element) : element, id; if(!dom) return null; id = dom.id; if(!forceNew && id && Ext.Element.cache[id]){ // element object already exists return Ext.Element.cache[id]; } /** * The DOM element * @type HTMLElement */ this.dom = dom; /** * The DOM element ID * @type String */ this.id = id || Ext.id(dom); }; var D = Ext.lib.Dom, DH = Ext.DomHelper, E = Ext.lib.Event, A = Ext.lib.Anim, El = Ext.Element; El.prototype = { /** * Sets the passed attributes as attributes of this element (a style attribute can be a string, object or function) * @param {Object} o The object with the attributes * @param {Boolean} useSet (optional) false to override the default setAttribute to use expandos. * @return {Ext.Element} this */ set : function(o, useSet){ var el = this.dom, attr, val; for(attr in o){ val = o[attr]; if (attr != "style" && !Ext.isFunction(val)) { if (attr == "cls" ) { el.className = val; } else if (o.hasOwnProperty(attr)) { if (useSet || !!el.setAttribute) el.setAttribute(attr, val); else el[attr] = val; } } } if(o.style){ Ext.DomHelper.applyStyles(el, o.style); } return this; }, // Mouse events /** * @event click * Fires when a mouse click is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event dblclick * Fires when a mouse double click is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event mousedown * Fires when a mousedown is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event mouseup * Fires when a mouseup is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event mouseover * Fires when a mouseover is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event mousemove * Fires when a mousemove is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event mouseout * Fires when a mouseout is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event mouseenter * Fires when a mouseenter is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event mouseleave * Fires when a mouseleave is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ // Keyboard events /** * @event keypress * Fires when a keypress is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event keydown * Fires when a keydown is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event keyup * Fires when a keyup is detected with the element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ // HTML frame/object events /** * @event load * Fires when the user agent finishes loading all content within the element. Only supported by window, frames, objects and images. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event unload * Fires when the user agent removes all content from a window or frame. For elements, it fires when the target element or any of its content has been removed. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event abort * Fires when an object/image is stopped from loading before completely loaded. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event error * Fires when an object/image/frame cannot be loaded properly. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event resize * Fires when a document view is resized. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event scroll * Fires when a document view is scrolled. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ // Form events /** * @event select * Fires when a user selects some text in a text field, including input and textarea. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event change * Fires when a control loses the input focus and its value has been modified since gaining focus. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event submit * Fires when a form is submitted. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event reset * Fires when a form is reset. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event focus * Fires when an element receives focus either via the pointing device or by tab navigation. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event blur * Fires when an element loses focus either via the pointing device or by tabbing navigation. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ // User Interface events /** * @event DOMFocusIn * Where supported. Similar to HTML focus event, but can be applied to any focusable element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event. */ /** * @event DOMFocusOut * Where supported. Similar to HTML blur event, but can be applied to any focusable element. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event DOMActivate * Where supported. Fires when an element is activated, for instance, through a mouse click or a keypress. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ // DOM Mutation events /** * @event DOMSubtreeModified * Where supported. Fires when the subtree is modified. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event DOMNodeInserted * Where supported. Fires when a node has been added as a child of another node. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event DOMNodeRemoved * Where supported. Fires when a descendant node of the element is removed. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event DOMNodeRemovedFromDocument * Where supported. Fires when a node is being removed from a document. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event DOMNodeInsertedIntoDocument * Where supported. Fires when a node is being inserted into a document. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event DOMAttrModified * Where supported. Fires when an attribute has been modified. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * @event DOMCharacterDataModified * Where supported. Fires when the character data has been modified. * @param {Ext.EventObject} e The {@link Ext.EventObject} encapsulating the DOM event */ /** * The default unit to append to CSS values where a unit isn't provided (defaults to px). * @type String */ defaultUnit : "px", /** * Returns true if this element matches the passed simple selector (e.g. div.some-class or span:first-child) * @param {String} selector The simple selector to test * @return {Boolean} True if this element matches the selector, else false */ is : function(simpleSelector){ return Ext.DomQuery.is(this.dom, simpleSelector); }, /** * Tries to focus the element. Any exceptions are caught and ignored. * @param {Number} defer (optional) Milliseconds to defer the focus * @return {Ext.Element} this */ focus : function(defer) { var me = this; try{ if(!isNaN(defer)){ me.focus.defer(defer, me); }else{ me.dom.focus(); } }catch(e){} return me; }, /** * Tries to blur the element. Any exceptions are caught and ignored. * @return {Ext.Element} this */ blur : function() { try{ this.dom.blur(); }catch(e){} return this; }, /** * Returns the value of the "value" attribute * @param {Boolean} asNumber true to parse the value as a number * @return {String/Number} */ getValue : function(asNumber){ var val = this.dom.value; return asNumber ? parseInt(val, 10) : val; }, /** * Appends an event handler to this element. The shorthand version {@link #on} is equivalent. * @param {String} eventName The type of event to handle * @param {Function} fn The handler function the event invokes. This function is passed * the following parameters:
* Combining Options
* In the following examples, the shorthand form {@link #on} is used rather than the more verbose
* addListener. The two are equivalent. Using the options argument, it is possible to combine different
* types of listeners:
*
* A normalized, delayed, one-time listener that auto stops the event and adds a custom argument (forumId) to the
* options object. The options object is available as the third parameter in the handler function.
el.on('click', this.onClick, this, {
single: true,
delay: 100,
stopEvent : true,
forumId: 4
});
*
* Attaching multiple handlers in 1 call
* The method also allows for a single argument to be passed which is a config object containing properties
* which specify multiple handlers.
* Code:
el.on({
'click' : {
fn: this.onClick,
scope: this,
delay: 100
},
'mouseover' : {
fn: this.onMouseOver,
scope: this
},
'mouseout' : {
fn: this.onMouseOut,
scope: this
}
});
*
* Or a shorthand syntax:
* Code:
el.on({
'click' : this.onClick,
'mouseover' : this.onMouseOver,
'mouseout' : this.onMouseOut,
scope: this
});
* @return {Ext.Element} this
*/
addListener : function(eventName, fn, scope, options){
Ext.EventManager.on(this.dom, eventName, fn, scope || this, options);
return this;
},
/**
* Removes an event handler from this element. The shorthand version {@link #un} is equivalent. Example:
*
el.removeListener('click', this.handlerFn);
// or
el.un('click', this.handlerFn);
* @param {String} eventName the type of event to remove
* @param {Function} fn the method the event invokes
* @param {Object} scope (optional) The scope (The this reference) of the handler function. Defaults
* to this Element.
* @return {Ext.Element} this
*/
removeListener : function(eventName, fn, scope){
Ext.EventManager.removeListener(this.dom, eventName, fn, scope || this);
return this;
},
/**
* Removes all previous added listeners from this element
* @return {Ext.Element} this
*/
removeAllListeners : function(){
Ext.EventManager.removeAll(this.dom);
return this;
},
/**
* @private Test if size has a unit, otherwise appends the default
*/
addUnits : function(size){
if(size === "" || size == "auto" || size === undefined){
size = size || '';
} else if(!isNaN(size) || !unitPattern.test(size)){
size = size + (this.defaultUnit || 'px');
}
return size;
},
/**
* Updates the innerHTML of this Element * from a specified URL. Note that this is subject to the Same Origin Policy
*Updating innerHTML of an element will not execute embedded <script> elements. This is a browser restriction.
* @param {Mixed} options. Either a sring containing the URL from which to load the HTML, or an {@link Ext.Ajax#request} options object specifying * exactly how to request the HTML. * @return {Ext.Element} this */ load : function(url, params, cb){ Ext.Ajax.request(Ext.apply({ params: params, url: url.url || url, callback: cb, el: this, indicatorText: url.indicatorText || '' }, Ext.isObject(url) ? url : {})); return this; }, /** * Tests various css rules/browsers to determine if this element uses a border box * @return {Boolean} */ isBorderBox : function(){ return noBoxAdjust[(this.dom.tagName || "").toLowerCase()] || Ext.isBorderBox; }, /** * Removes this element from the DOM and deletes it from the cache */ remove : function(){ Ext.removeNode(this.dom); delete El.cache[this.dom.id]; }, /** * Sets up event handlers to call the passed functions when the mouse is moved into and out of the Element. * @param {Function} overFn The function to call when the mouse enters the Element. * @param {Function} outFn The function to call when the mouse leaves the Element. * @param {Object} scope (optional) The scope (this reference) in which the functions are executed. Defaults to the Element's DOM element. * @param {Object} options (optional) Options for the listener. See {@link Ext.util.Observable#addListener the options parameter}. * @return {Ext.Element} this */ hover : function(overFn, outFn, scope, options){ var me = this; me.on('mouseenter', overFn, scope || me.dom, options); me.on('mouseleave', outFn, scope || me.dom, options); return me; }, /** * Returns true if this element is an ancestor of the passed element * @param {HTMLElement/String} el The element to check * @return {Boolean} True if this element is an ancestor of el, else false */ contains : function(el){ return !el ? false : Ext.lib.Dom.isAncestor(this.dom, el.dom ? el.dom : el); }, /** * Returns the value of a namespaced attribute from the element's underlying DOM node. * @param {String} namespace The namespace in which to look for the attribute * @param {String} name The attribute name * @return {String} The attribute value */ getAttributeNS : Ext.isIE ? function(ns, name){ var d = this.dom, type = typeof d[ns + ":" + name]; if(!Ext.isEmpty(type) && type != 'unknown'){ return d[ns + ":" + name]; } return d[name]; } : function(ns, name){ var d = this.dom; return d.getAttributeNS(ns, name) || d.getAttribute(ns + ":" + name) || d.getAttribute(name) || d[name]; }, update : function(html) { this.dom.innerHTML = html; } }; var ep = El.prototype; El.addMethods = function(o){ Ext.apply(ep, o); }; /** * Appends an event handler (shorthand for {@link #addListener}). * @param {String} eventName The type of event to handle * @param {Function} fn The handler function the event invokes * @param {Object} scope (optional) The scope (this element) of the handler function * @param {Object} options (optional) An object containing standard {@link #addListener} options * @member Ext.Element * @method on */ ep.on = ep.addListener; /** * Removes an event handler from this element (shorthand for {@link #removeListener}). * @param {String} eventName the type of event to remove * @param {Function} fn the method the event invokes * @return {Ext.Element} this * @member Ext.Element * @method un */ ep.un = ep.removeListener; /** * true to automatically adjust width and height settings for box-model issues (default to true) */ ep.autoBoxAdjust = true; // private var unitPattern = /\d+(px|em|%|en|ex|pt|in|cm|mm|pc)$/i, docEl; /** * @private */ El.cache = {}; /** * Retrieves Ext.Element objects. *This method does not retrieve {@link Ext.Component Component}s. This method * retrieves Ext.Element objects which encapsulate DOM elements. To retrieve a Component by * its ID, use {@link Ext.ComponentMgr#get}.
*Uses simple caching to consistently return the same object. Automatically fixes if an * object was recreated with the same id via AJAX or DOM.
* @param {Mixed} el The id of the node, a DOM Node or an existing Element. * @return {Element} The Element object (or null if no matching element was found) * @static * @member Ext.Element * @method get */ El.get = function(el){ var ex, elm, id; if(!el){ return null; } if (typeof el == "string") { // element id if (!(elm = DOC.getElementById(el))) { return null; } if (ex = El.cache[el]) { ex.dom = elm; } else { ex = El.cache[el] = new El(elm); } return ex; } else if (el.tagName) { // dom element if(!(id = el.id)){ id = Ext.id(el); } if(ex = El.cache[id]){ ex.dom = el; }else{ ex = El.cache[id] = new El(el); } return ex; } else if (el instanceof El) { if(el != docEl){ el.dom = DOC.getElementById(el.id) || el.dom; // refresh dom element in case no longer valid, // catch case where it hasn't been appended El.cache[el.id] = el; // in case it was created directly with Element(), let's cache it } return el; } else if(el.isComposite) { return el; } else if(Ext.isArray(el)) { return El.select(el); } else if(el == DOC) { // create a bogus element object representing the document object if(!docEl){ var f = function(){}; f.prototype = El.prototype; docEl = new f(); docEl.dom = DOC; } return docEl; } return null; }; // private // Garbage collection - uncache elements/purge listeners on orphaned elements // so we don't hold a reference and cause the browser to retain them function garbageCollect(){ if(!Ext.enableGarbageCollector){ clearInterval(El.collectorThread); } else { var eid, el, d; for(eid in El.cache){ el = El.cache[eid]; d = el.dom; // ------------------------------------------------------- // Determining what is garbage: // ------------------------------------------------------- // !d // dom node is null, definitely garbage // ------------------------------------------------------- // !d.parentNode // no parentNode == direct orphan, definitely garbage // ------------------------------------------------------- // !d.offsetParent && !document.getElementById(eid) // display none elements have no offsetParent so we will // also try to look it up by it's id. However, check // offsetParent first so we don't do unneeded lookups. // This enables collection of elements that are not orphans // directly, but somewhere up the line they have an orphan // parent. // ------------------------------------------------------- if(!d || !d.parentNode || (!d.offsetParent && !DOC.getElementById(eid))){ delete El.cache[eid]; if(d && Ext.enableListenerCollection){ Ext.EventManager.removeAll(d); } } } } } El.collectorThreadId = setInterval(garbageCollect, 30000); var flyFn = function(){}; flyFn.prototype = El.prototype; // dom is optional El.Flyweight = function(dom){ this.dom = dom; }; El.Flyweight.prototype = new flyFn(); El.Flyweight.prototype.isFlyweight = true; El._flyweights = {}; /** *Gets the globally shared flyweight Element, with the passed node as the active element. Do not store a reference to this element - * the dom node can be overwritten by other code. Shorthand of {@link Ext.Element#fly}
*Use this to make one-time references to DOM elements which are not going to be accessed again either by * application code, or by Ext's classes. If accessing an element which will be processed regularly, then {@link Ext#get} * will be more appropriate to take advantage of the caching provided by the Ext.Element class.
* @param {String/HTMLElement} el The dom node or id * @param {String} named (optional) Allows for creation of named reusable flyweights to prevent conflicts * (e.g. internally Ext uses "_global") * @return {Element} The shared Element object (or null if no matching element was found) * @member Ext.Element * @method fly */ El.fly = function(el, named){ var ret = null; named = named || '_global'; if (el = Ext.getDom(el)) { (El._flyweights[named] = El._flyweights[named] || new El.Flyweight()).dom = el; ret = El._flyweights[named]; } return ret; }; /** * Retrieves Ext.Element objects. *This method does not retrieve {@link Ext.Component Component}s. This method * retrieves Ext.Element objects which encapsulate DOM elements. To retrieve a Component by * its ID, use {@link Ext.ComponentMgr#get}.
*Uses simple caching to consistently return the same object. Automatically fixes if an * object was recreated with the same id via AJAX or DOM.
* Shorthand of {@link Ext.Element#get} * @param {Mixed} el The id of the node, a DOM Node or an existing Element. * @return {Element} The Element object (or null if no matching element was found) * @member Ext * @method get */ Ext.get = El.get; /** *Gets the globally shared flyweight Element, with the passed node as the active element. Do not store a reference to this element - * the dom node can be overwritten by other code. Shorthand of {@link Ext.Element#fly}
*Use this to make one-time references to DOM elements which are not going to be accessed again either by * application code, or by Ext's classes. If accessing an element which will be processed regularly, then {@link Ext#get} * will be more appropriate to take advantage of the caching provided by the Ext.Element class.
* @param {String/HTMLElement} el The dom node or id * @param {String} named (optional) Allows for creation of named reusable flyweights to prevent conflicts * (e.g. internally Ext uses "_global") * @return {Element} The shared Element object (or null if no matching element was found) * @member Ext * @method fly */ Ext.fly = El.fly; // speedy lookup for elements never to box adjust var noBoxAdjust = Ext.isStrict ? { select:1 } : { input:1, select:1, textarea:1 }; if(Ext.isIE || Ext.isGecko){ noBoxAdjust['button'] = 1; } Ext.EventManager.on(window, 'unload', function(){ delete El.cache; delete El._flyweights; }); })();


H
ypert
ext T
ransfert P
rotocolThe Hypertext Transfer Protocol (HTTP) is an application protocol for distributed, collaborative, hypermedia information systems.[1] HTTP is the foundation of data communication for the World Wide Web. (wikipedia)
HTTP supports several different request commands, called HTTP methods. Every HTTP request message has a method. The method tells the server what action to perform.
| Method | Description |
|---|---|
| GET | Retrieve information from the server. |
| HEAD | Same as GET, but transfers the status line and header section only. |
| POST | Send data to the server for processing. |
| PUT | Store the body of the request on the server. |
| DELETE | Remove a document from the server. |
| TRACE | Trace the message through proxy servers to the server. |
| OPTION | Determine what methods can operate on a server. |
| CONNECT | Converts the request connection to a transparent TCP/IP tunnel. |
| PATCH | Applies partial modifications to a resource |
| Create | POST /books |
| Read | GET /books |
| Update | PUT /books/:id |
| Delete | DELETE /books/:id |
A URI is a string of characters that identifies a particular resource to uniquely identify and locate it around the Web.
An URL is the most common type of URI. It specifies the means of acting upon or obtaining the representation of a resource describing this resource located on a particular server.
| 1xx | Informational |
| 2xx | Success |
| 3xx | Redirection |
| 4xx | Client Error |
| 5xx | Server Error |
Individual units of information
Systematic collection of data
Sturctured query language
standard language for relational databases
effectively used to insert, search, update, delete database records


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Every individual’s reason to invest and trade on their own is unique. No matter the skill level, we provide the online trading tools, educational resources, banking services, and investment products for traders and investors. For more than 30 years, our clients have put their trust in us to deliver solutions and personalized service that supports their needs and helps them define their own financial success. At Heaven Corp, it has been, and always will be about doing what’s right.


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I build website and web applications to help you run your business efficiently and smoothly.
WhatsAppThis farms is delivering the naturally grown vegetables without using any sythetic pesticides. Farming is based on Dr. Palekar natural method.
Visit AppThis app tracks shops open nearby during lockdown. You can get shop location and available items there such as Milk, vegetables, water, groceries, fruits etc.
Same feature is available on GPay. They know whoever is accepting payment via GPay are open.
App ClosedReputation - Lead Engineer
SEP 2020 - WorkingSome exciting stuff... react, angular, node etc..
Freelancing and Side Projects
JUL 2017 - Aug 2020
Working on everything from idea to making it profitable.
Brainstorming, idea testing, initial sales, building a web app
(PWA).
Along the way applying growth hacks, SEO, customer
experience, customer support to grow the business and customer
confidence.
Eze Software - Senior Developer
JUN 2016 - JUN 2017Developing and improving Order Management System for real time trading related to short and sell. Maintaining two product EzeLocate and DataFeed for locating Short inventory for real time stock data processing.
Oracle India Pvt. Ltd. - Project Leader
JUN 2010 - MAY 2016Developing and improving Plan Copy and Benefits Relationships under Oracle Fusion codebase. A large HCM application.
Importing tested objects into benefits programs deployed on production systems
Status - Abandoned
Google PatentsNational Institute of Technology Trichy Tamilnadu- INDIA
JUL 2007 - JUN 2010Master of Computer Applications
Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi UP — INDIA
JUL 2003 - JUN 2006Bachelor of Science - Mathematics (Honours)


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Research done by Naved RT et al found that 1 in 10 men had committed sexual assault....
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Ankush is a 20-something year old programmer based out of the San Francisco Bay Area. His interests include, but are not limited to, Backend Computational Infrastructure, Cloud Computing, Docker, Virtualization && Tech Startups. He focuses on Software Development in Java and Golang.
He enjoys listening to Hindi Music and occasionally clicking pictures with his 550D. He enjoys playing Pool and watching professional Snooker.