Copyright © 2012 W3C® (MIT, ERCIM, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark and document use rules apply.
The bulk of the text of this specification is also available in the WHATWG Web Applications 1.0 specification, under a license that permits reuse of the specification text.
This specification defines an API that enables Web pages to use the WebSocket protocol (defined by the IETF) for two-way communication with a remote host.
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. A list of current W3C publications and the most recently formally published revision of this technical report can be found in the W3C technical reports index at http://www.w3.org/TR/.
If you wish to make comments regarding this document, you can enter feedback using this form:
You can also e-mail feedback to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>(subscribe, archives), or<EMAIL_ADDRESS>(subscribe, archives). All feedback is welcome.
Implementors should be aware that this specification is not stable. Implementors who are not taking part in the discussions are likely to find the specification changing out from under them in incompatible ways. Vendors interested in implementing this specification before it eventually reaches the Candidate Recommendation stage should join the aforementioned mailing lists and take part in the discussions.
The latest stable version of the editor's draft of this specification is always available on the W3C CVS server and in the WHATWG Subversion repository. The latest editor's working copy (which may contain unfinished text in the process of being prepared) contains the latest draft text of this specification (amongst others). For more details, please see the WHATWG FAQ.
Notifications of changes to this specification are sent along with notifications of changes to related specifications using the following mechanisms:
svn checkout http://svn.whatwg.org/webapps/
The W3C Web Applications Working Group is the W3C working group responsible for this specification's progress along the W3C Recommendation track. This specification is the 4 June 2014 Editor's Draft.
This specification is being developed in conjunction with an RFC for a wire protocol, the WebSocket Protocol, available from the following location:
This document was produced by a group operating under the 5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.
This document was produced by a group operating under the 5 February 2004 W3C Patent Policy. W3C maintains a public list of any patent disclosures made in connection with the deliverables of the group; that page also includes instructions for disclosing a patent. An individual who has actual knowledge of a patent which the individual believes contains Essential Claim(s) must disclose the information in accordance with section 6 of the W3C Patent Policy.
WebSocket
interfaceCloseEvent
interfacesThis section is non-normative.
To enable Web applications to maintain bidirectional communications with server-side processes,
this specification introduces the WebSocket
interface.
This interface does not allow for raw access to the underlying network. For example, this interface could not be used to implement an IRC client without proxying messages through a custom server.
All diagrams, examples, and notes in this specification are non-normative, as are all sections explicitly marked non-normative. Everything else in this specification is normative.
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in the normative parts of this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC2119. For readability, these words do not appear in all uppercase letters in this specification. [RFC2119]
Requirements phrased in the imperative as part of algorithms (such as "strip any leading space characters" or "return false and abort these steps") are to be interpreted with the meaning of the key word ("must", "should", "may", etc) used in introducing the algorithm.
Some conformance requirements are phrased as requirements on attributes, methods or objects. Such requirements are to be interpreted as requirements on user agents.
Conformance requirements phrased as algorithms or specific steps may be implemented in any manner, so long as the end result is equivalent. (In particular, the algorithms defined in this specification are intended to be easy to follow, and not intended to be performant.)
The only conformance class defined by this specification is user agents.
User agents may impose implementation-specific limits on otherwise unconstrained inputs, e.g. to prevent denial of service attacks, to guard against running out of memory, or to work around platform-specific limitations.
When support for a feature is disabled (e.g. as an emergency measure to mitigate a security problem, or to aid in development, or for performance reasons), user agents must act as if they had no support for the feature whatsoever, and as if the feature was not mentioned in this specification. For example, if a particular feature is accessed via an attribute in a Web IDL interface, the attribute itself would be omitted from the objects that implement that interface — leaving the attribute on the object but making it return null or throw an exception is insufficient.
This specification relies on several other underlying specifications.
Many fundamental concepts from HTML are used by this specification. [HTML]
The IDL blocks in this specification use the semantics of the WebIDL specification. [WEBIDL]
The construction "a Foo
object", where
Foo
is actually an interface, is sometimes
used instead of the more accurate "an object implementing the
interface Foo
".
The term DOM is used to refer to the API set made available to
scripts in Web applications, and does not necessarily imply the
existence of an actual Document
object or of any other
Node
objects as defined in the DOM specifications. [DOM]
An IDL attribute is said to be getting when its value is being retrieved (e.g. by author script), and is said to be setting when a new value is assigned to it.
WebSocket
interfaceenum BinaryType { "blob", "arraybuffer" }; [Constructor(DOMString url, optional (DOMString or DOMString[]) protocols), Exposed=Window,Worker] interface WebSocket : EventTarget { readonly attribute DOMString url; // ready state const unsigned short CONNECTING = 0; const unsigned short OPEN = 1; const unsigned short CLOSING = 2; const unsigned short CLOSED = 3; readonly attribute unsigned short readyState; readonly attribute unsigned long bufferedAmount; // networking attribute EventHandler onopen; attribute EventHandler onerror; attribute EventHandler onclose; readonly attribute DOMString extensions; readonly attribute DOMString protocol; void close([Clamp] optional unsigned short code, optional DOMString reason); // messaging attribute EventHandler onmessage; attribute BinaryType binaryType; void send(DOMString data); void send(Blob data); void send(ArrayBuffer data); void send(ArrayBufferView data); };
The WebSocket(url, protocols)
constructor takes one or two arguments. The first argument,
url, specifies the URL to which to connect. The second, protocols, if present, is either a string or an array of strings. If it is a
string, it is equivalent to an array consisting of just that string; if it is omitted, it is
equivalent to the empty array. Each string in the array is a subprotocol name. The connection will
only be established if the server reports that it has selected one of these subprotocols. The
subprotocol names must all be strings that match the requirements for elements that comprise the
value of Sec-WebSocket-Protocol
fields as
defined by the WebSocket protocol specification. [WSP]
When the WebSocket()
constructor is invoked, the UA must run these steps:
Parse a WebSocket URL's components from the url argument, to
obtain host, port, resource name, and
secure. If this fails, throw a SyntaxError
exception and abort
these steps. [WSP]
If secure is false but the origin specified by the
entry settings object has a scheme component that is itself a secure protocol, e.g.
HTTPS, then throw a SecurityError
exception and abort these steps.
If port is a port to which the user agent is configured to block access,
then throw a SecurityError
exception and abort these steps. (User agents typically
block access to well-known ports like SMTP.)
Access to ports 80 and 443 should not be blocked, including the unlikely cases when secure is false but port is 443 or secure is true but port is 80.
If protocols is absent, let protocols be an empty array.
Otherwise, if protocols is present and a string, let protocols instead be an array consisting of just that string.
If any of the values in protocols occur more than once or otherwise
fail to match the requirements for elements that comprise the value of Sec-WebSocket-Protocol
fields as defined by the
WebSocket protocol specification, then throw a SyntaxError
exception and abort these
steps. [WSP]
Let origin be the ASCII serialization of the origin specified by the entry settings object, converted to ASCII lowercase.
Return a new WebSocket
object, but continue these steps
asynchronously.
Let the new object's client-specified protocols be the values (if any) given in protocols.
Establish a WebSocket connection given the set (host, port, resource name, secure), along with
the protocols list, an empty list for the extensions, and origin. The headers to send appropriate cookies must be a Cookie
header whose value is the cookie-string computed from
the user's cookie store and the URL url; for these purposes this is
not a "non-HTTP" API. [WSP] [COOKIES]
When the user agent validates the server's response during the "establish a WebSocket connection" algorithm, if the status code received from the server is not 101 (e.g. it is a redirect), the user agent must fail the WebSocket connection.
Following HTTP procedures here could introduce serious security problems in a Web browser context. For example, consider a host with a WebSocket server at one path and an open HTTP redirector at another. Suddenly, any script that can be given a particular WebSocket URL can be tricked into communicating to (and potentially sharing secrets with) any host on the Internet, even if the script checks that the URL has the right hostname.
If the establish a WebSocket connection algorithm fails, it triggers the
fail the WebSocket connection algorithm, which then invokes the close the WebSocket
connection algorithm, which then establishes that the WebSocket connection is closed,
which fires the close
event as
described below.
The url
attribute must return the result of
resolving the URL that was passed to the
constructor, with the URL character encoding set to UTF-8. (It doesn't matter what it is resolved
relative to, since we already know it is an absolute URL.)
The readyState
attribute represents
the state of the connection. It can have the following values:
CONNECTING
(numeric value 0)OPEN
(numeric value 1)CLOSING
(numeric value 2)close()
method has been invoked.CLOSED
(numeric value 3)When the object is created its readyState
must be
set to CONNECTING
(0).
The extensions
attribute must
initially return the empty string. After the WebSocket connection is established, its value
might change, as defined below.
The extensions
attribute returns the
extensions selected by the server, if any. (Currently this will only ever be the empty
string.)
The protocol
attribute must initially
return the empty string. After the WebSocket connection is established, its value might
change, as defined below.
The protocol
attribute returns the
subprotocol selected by the server, if any. It can be used in conjunction with the array form of
the constructor's second argument to perform subprotocol negotiation.
The close()
method must run the following
steps:
If the method's first argument is present but is neither an integer equal to 1000 nor an
integer in the range 3000 to 4999, throw an InvalidAccessError
exception and abort
these steps.
If the method's second argument is present, then run these substeps:
Let raw reason be the method's second argument.
Let Unicode reason be the result of converting raw reason to a sequence of Unicode characters.
Let reason be the result of encoding Unicode reason as UTF-8.
If reason is longer than 123 bytes, then throw a
SyntaxError
exception and abort these steps. [ENCODING]
Run the first matching steps from the following list:
readyState
attribute is in the CLOSING
(2) or CLOSED
(3) stateDo nothing.
The connection is already closing or is already closed. If it has not already,
a close
event will eventually fire as described below.
Fail the WebSocket connection and set the readyState
attribute's value to CLOSING
(2). [WSP]
The fail the WebSocket connection algorithm invokes the close the
WebSocket connection algorithm, which then establishes that the WebSocket connection is
closed, which fires the close
event as described below.
Start the WebSocket closing handshake and set the readyState
attribute's value to CLOSING
(2). [WSP]
If the first argument is present, then the status code to use in the WebSocket Close message must be the integer given by the first argument. [WSP]
If the second argument is also present, then reason must be provided in the Close message after the status code. [ENCODING] [WSP]
The start the WebSocket closing handshake algorithm eventually invokes
the close the WebSocket connection algorithm, which then establishes that the
WebSocket connection is closed, which fires the close
event as described
below.
Set the readyState
attribute's value to CLOSING
(2).
The WebSocket closing handshake is started, and will eventually invoke
the close the WebSocket connection algorithm, which will establish that the
WebSocket connection is closed, and thus the close
event will fire, as described below.
The close()
method does not discard
previously sent messages before starting the WebSocket closing handshake — even if, in
practice, the user agent is still busy sending those messages, the handshake will only start after
the messages are sent.
The bufferedAmount
attribute must
return the number of bytes of application data (UTF-8 text and binary data) that have been queued
using send()
but that, as of the last time the
event loop reached step 1, had not yet been transmitted to the network. (This thus
includes any text sent during the execution of the current task, regardless of whether the user
agent is able to transmit text asynchronously with script execution.) This does not include
framing overhead incurred by the protocol, or buffering done by the operating system or network
hardware. If the connection is closed, this attribute's value will only increase with each call to
the send()
method (the number does not reset to zero once
the connection closes).
In this simple example, the bufferedAmount
attribute is used to ensure that updates are sent either at the rate of one update every 50ms, if
the network can handle that rate, or at whatever rate the network can handle, if that is
too fast.
var socket = new WebSocket('ws://game.example.com:12010/updates'); socket.onopen = function () { setInterval(function() { if (socket.bufferedAmount == 0) socket.send(getUpdateData()); }, 50); };
The bufferedAmount
attribute can also be
used to saturate the network without sending the data at a higher rate than the network can
handle, though this requires more careful monitoring of the value of the attribute over time.
When a WebSocket
object is created, its binaryType
IDL attribute must be set to the
string "blob
". On getting, it must return the last value it was set to. On
setting, the user agent must set the IDL attribute to the new value.
This attribute allows authors to control how binary data is exposed to scripts. By
setting the attribute to "blob
", binary data is returned in
Blob
form; by setting it to "arraybuffer
", it is returned in
ArrayBuffer
form. User agents can use this as a hint for how to handle incoming
binary data: if the attribute is set to "blob
", it is safe to spool it to
disk, and if it is set to "arraybuffer
", it is likely more efficient to
keep the data in memory. Naturally, user agents are encouraged to use more subtle heuristics to
decide whether to keep incoming data in memory or not, e.g. based on how big the data is or how
common it is for a script to change the attribute at the last minute. This latter aspect is
important in particular because it is quite possible for the attribute to be changed after the
user agent has received the data but before the user agent has fired the event for it.
The send(data)
method
transmits data using the connection. If the readyState
attribute is CONNECTING
, it must throw an
InvalidStateError
exception. Otherwise, the user agent must run the appropriate set
of steps from the following list:
Let data be the result of converting the data argument to a sequence
of Unicode characters. If the WebSocket connection is established and the WebSocket closing handshake has not yet
started, then the user agent must send a WebSocket Message comprised of data using a text frame opcode; if the data cannot be sent, e.g. because it
would need to be buffered but the buffer is full, the user agent must flag the WebSocket as full and then close the
WebSocket connection. Any invocation of this method with a string argument that does not
throw an exception must increase the bufferedAmount
attribute by the number of bytes
needed to express the argument as UTF-8. [UNICODE] [ENCODING] [WSP]
Blob
objectIf the WebSocket connection is established, and the WebSocket closing handshake has not yet started, then the user
agent must send a WebSocket Message comprised of data using a binary
frame opcode; if the data cannot be sent, e.g. because it would need to be buffered but the
buffer is full, the user agent must flag the
WebSocket as full and then close the WebSocket connection. The data to be sent is
the raw data represented by the Blob
object. Any invocation of this method with a
Blob
argument that does not throw an exception must increase the bufferedAmount
attribute by the size of the
Blob
object's raw data, in bytes. [WSP] [FILEAPI]
ArrayBuffer
objectIf the WebSocket connection is established, and the WebSocket closing handshake has not yet started, then the user
agent must send a WebSocket Message comprised of data using a binary
frame opcode; if the data cannot be sent, e.g. because it would need to be buffered but the
buffer is full, the user agent must flag the
WebSocket as full and then close the WebSocket connection. The data to be sent is
the data stored in the buffer described by the ArrayBuffer
object. Any invocation
of this method with an ArrayBuffer
argument that does not throw an exception must
increase the bufferedAmount
attribute by the
length of the ArrayBuffer
in bytes. [WSP] [ECMA262]
ArrayBufferView
type definitionIf the WebSocket connection is established, and the WebSocket closing handshake has not yet started, then the user
agent must send a WebSocket Message comprised of data using a binary
frame opcode; if the data cannot be sent, e.g. because it would need to be buffered but the
buffer is full, the user agent must flag the
WebSocket as full and then close the WebSocket connection. The data to be sent is
the data stored in the section of the buffer described by the ArrayBuffer
object
that data references. Any invocation of this method with this kind of
argument that does not throw an exception must increase the bufferedAmount
attribute by the length of data's buffer in bytes. [WSP] [ECMA262]
The following are the event handlers (and their corresponding event handler event types) that must be supported, as event
handler IDL attributes, by all objects implementing the WebSocket
interface:
| Event handler | Event handler event type |
|---|---|
onopen | open
|
onmessage | message
|
onerror | error
|
onclose | close
|
When the WebSocket connection is established, the user agent must queue a task to run these steps:
If the WebSocket
object's client-specified protocols was not an
empty list, but the subprotocol in use is the null value, then fail the WebSocket
connection, set the readyState
attribute's
value to CLOSING
(2), and abort these steps. [WSP]
Change the readyState
attribute's value to
OPEN
(1).
Change the extensions
attribute's value to
the extensions in use, if is not the null value. [WSP]
Change the protocol
attribute's value to the
subprotocol in use, if is not the null value. [WSP]
Act as if the user agent had received a
set-cookie-string consisting of the cookies set during the server's opening
handshake, for the URL url given to the WebSocket()
constructor. [COOKIES] [ENCODING] [WSP]
Fire a simple event named open
at the
WebSocket
object.
When a WebSocket message has been received with type type and data data, the user agent must queue a task to follow these steps: [WSP]
If the readyState
attribute's value is not
OPEN
(1), then abort these steps.
Let event be a newly created trusted event that uses the MessageEvent
interface, with the event type message
, which does not
bubble, is not cancelable, and has no default action.
[HTML]
Initialise event's origin
attribute to the Unicode serialization of
the origin of the URL that was passed to the WebSocket
object's constructor.
If type indicates that the data is Text, then initialise event's data
attribute to data.
If type indicates that the data is Binary, and binaryType
is set to "blob
", then
initialise event's data
attribute
to a new Blob
object that represents data as its raw data. [FILEAPI]
If type indicates that the data is Binary, and binaryType
is set to "arraybuffer
", then initialise event's data
attribute to a new ArrayBuffer
object whose contents are data. [ECMA262]
Dispatch event at the
WebSocket
object.
User agents are encouraged to check if they can perform the above steps
efficiently before they run the task, picking tasks from other task
queues while they prepare the buffers if not. For example, if the binaryType
attribute was set to "blob
" when the data arrived, and the user agent spooled all the data to disk, but
just before running the above task for this particular message
the script switched binaryType
to "arraybuffer
", the user agent would want to page the data back to RAM before
running this task so as to avoid stalling the main thread while
it created the ArrayBuffer
object.
Here is an example of how to define a handler for the message
event in the case of text frames:
mysocket.onmessage = function (event) { if (event.data == 'on') { turnLampOn(); } else if (event.data == 'off') { turnLampOff(); } };
The protocol here is a trivial one, with the server just sending "on" or "off" messages.
When the WebSocket closing handshake is started, the user agent must queue a
task to change the readyState
attribute's
value to CLOSING
(2). (If the close()
method was called, the readyState
attribute's value will already be set to CLOSING
(2) when this task runs.) [WSP]
When the WebSocket connection is closed, possibly cleanly, the user agent must queue a task to run the following substeps:
Change the readyState
attribute's value to
CLOSED
(3).
If the user agent was required to fail the WebSocket connection, or if the the WebSocket connection was closed after being
flagged as full, fire a simple
event named error
at the WebSocket
object. [WSP]
Create a trusted event that uses the
CloseEvent
interface, with the event type close
,
which does not bubble, is not cancelable, has no default action, whose wasClean
attribute is initialised to true if the
connection closed cleanly and false otherwise, whose code
attribute is initialised to the WebSocket connection
close code, and whose reason
attribute is
initialised to the result of applying the UTF-8 decoder to the WebSocket
connection close reason, and dispatch the event
at the WebSocket
object. [WSP]
User agents must not convey any failure information to scripts in a way that would allow a script to distinguish the following situations:
In all of these cases, the the WebSocket connection close code would be 1006, as required by the WebSocket Protocol specification. [WSP]
Allowing a script to distinguish these cases would allow a script to probe the user's local network in preparation for an attack.
In particular, this means the code 1015 is not used by the user agent (unless the server erroneously uses it in its close frame, of course).
The task source for all tasks queued in this section is the WebSocket task source.
The WebSocket protocol specification defines Ping and Pong frames that can be used for keep-alive, heart-beats, network status probing, latency instrumentation, and so forth. These are not currently exposed in the API.
User agents may send ping and unsolicited pong frames as desired, for example in an attempt to maintain local network NAT mappings, to detect failed connections, or to display latency metrics to the user. User agents must not use pings or unsolicited pongs to aid the server; it is assumed that servers will solicit pongs whenever appropriate for the server's needs.
The steps to parse a WebSocket URL's components from a string url are as follows. These steps return either a host, a port, a resource name, and a secure flag, or they fail.
If the url string is not an absolute URL, then fail this algorithm.
Resolve the url string, with the URL character encoding set to UTF-8. [ENCODING]
It doesn't matter what it is resolved relative to, since we already know it is an absolute URL at this point.
If the resulting parsed URL does not have a scheme component whose value is either "ws
" or "wss
", then fail this algorithm.
If the resulting parsed URL has a non-null fragment component, then fail this algorithm.
If the scheme component of the resulting
parsed URL is "ws
", set secure to false;
otherwise, the scheme component is "wss
", set secure to true.
Let host be the value of the resulting parsed URL's host component.
If the resulting parsed URL has a port component that is not the empty string, then let port be that component's value; otherwise, there is no explicit port.
If there is no explicit port, then: if secure is false, let port be 80, otherwise let port be 443.
Let resource name be the value of the resulting parsed URL's path component (which might be empty).
If resource name is the empty string, set it to a single character U+002F SOLIDUS (/).
If the resulting parsed URL has a non-null query component, then append a single U+003F QUESTION MARK character (?) to resource name, followed by the value of the query component.
Return host, port, resource name, and secure.
CloseEvent
interfaces[Constructor(DOMString type, optional CloseEventInit eventInitDict), Exposed=Window,Worker] interface CloseEvent : Event { readonly attribute boolean wasClean; readonly attribute unsigned short code; readonly attribute DOMString reason; }; dictionary CloseEventInit : EventInit { boolean wasClean; unsigned short code; DOMString reason; };
The wasClean
attribute must return the
value it was initialised to. When the object is created, this attribute must be initialised to
false. It represents whether the connection closed cleanly or not.
The code
attribute must return the value it
was initialised to. When the object is created, this attribute must be initialised to zero. It
represents the WebSocket connection close code provided by the server.
The reason
attribute must return the
value it was initialised to. When the object is created, this attribute must be initialised to
empty string. It represents the WebSocket connection close reason provided by the server.
A WebSocket
object whose readyState
attribute's value was set to CONNECTING
(0) as of
the last time the event loop reached step 1 must not be garbage collected if
there are any event listeners registered for open
events, message
events, error
events, or
close
events.
A WebSocket
object whose readyState
attribute's value was set to OPEN
(1) as of the last time
the event loop reached step 1 must not be garbage collected if there are any event
listeners registered for message
events, error
, or close
events.
A WebSocket
object whose readyState
attribute's value was set to CLOSING
(2) as of the
last time the event loop reached step 1 must not be garbage collected if there are
any event listeners registered for error
or close
events.
A WebSocket
object with an
established connection that has data queued to be transmitted to the network must not be
garbage collected. [WSP]
If a WebSocket
object is garbage collected while its connection is still open, the
user agent must start the WebSocket closing handshake, with no status code
for the Close message. [WSP]
If a user agent is to make disappear a WebSocket
object (this happens
when a Document
object goes away), the user agent must follow the first appropriate
set of steps from the following list:
Fail the WebSocket connection. [WSP]
Start the WebSocket closing handshake, with the status code to use in the WebSocket Close message being 1001. [WSP]
Do nothing.
All references are normative unless marked "Non-normative".
For a full list of acknowledgements, please see the WHATWG HTML standard.


lspath
CLI app to list the contents of the PATH environment variable, with optional paging.
More information: home page
- Print the contents of the system PATH variable, with one element per line:
lspath
- Print the current contents of the system PATH variable, with one element per line, with the output paged:
lspath --page


| Tables | Are | Cool |
|---|---|---|
| col 1 is | left-aligned | $1600 |
| col 2 is | centered | $12 |
| col 3 is | right-aligned | $1 |
| Markdown | Less | Pretty |
|---|---|---|
| Still | renders |
nicely |
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
- this line
+ new line
Normal text
var s = "JavaScript syntax highlighting";
alert(s);
s = "Python syntax highlighting"
print s
No language indicated, so no syntax highlighting.
But let's throw in a <b>tag</b>.
Equation:\(a+b\).
Some Latex Test like : \(\frac{1}{2}\)


Start
Robot Nr. 1 _ Girl
Robot Nr. 2 _ Massive Attack
Random Image Generator
Results Image Generator
Lyrics Animation
Lyrics Image Generator


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|
EOS.IO
DAWN3.0.1
|
#include <action.hpp>
Public Member Functions | |
| action ()=default | |
| template<typename Action > | |
| action (vector< permission_level > &&auth, const Action &value) | |
| template<typename Action > | |
| action (const permission_level &auth, const Action &value) | |
| void | send () const |
Public Attributes | |
| account_name | account |
| action_name | name |
| vector< permission_level > | authorization |
| bytes | data |
Friends | |
| template<typename DataStream > | |
| DataStream & | operator<< (DataStream &ds, const action &a) |
| template<typename DataStream > | |
| DataStream & | operator>> (DataStream &ds, action &a) |
This is the packed representation of an action along with meta-data about the authorization levels.
|
default |
|
inline |
| Action | - a type derived from action_meta<Scope,Name> |
| value | - will be serialized via raw::pack into data |
|
inline |
| Action | - a type derived from action_meta<Scope,Name> |
| value | - will be serialized via raw::pack into data |
|
inline |
|
friend |
|
friend |
| account_name eosio::action::account |
| vector<permission_level> eosio::action::authorization |
| bytes eosio::action::data |
| action_name eosio::action::name |


{% extends "global/Page.html" %} {% load otree %} {% block title %} {% if 'demand' in session.config.experiment %} State your bid price {% else %} State your ask price {% endif %} {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% if 'demand' in session.config.experiment %}
Please state your bid price (in US$), i.e. the maximum price you are willing to pay for buying a "fun size" M&M packet (1.69 oz).
{% else %}Please state your ask price (in US$), i.e. the minimum price you are willing to accept for selling a "fun size" M&M packet (1.69 oz).
{% endif %}Note: You can state a price to the nearest cent. For example, 100.02 means 100 dollars and 2 cents.
{% if 'demand' in session.config.experiment %} {% formfield player.bid_amount label="Bid Price" %} {% else %} {% formfield player.bid_amount label="Ask Price " %} {% endif %}


{% if title %}
http://TinyL.co/{{href}}
I'm not actually certain how you're seeing this right now, but I just want you to know that I'm proud of you regardless.


THE SCHOOL OF
WEB DESIGN
NEW MEDIA
THE SCHOOL OF
WEB DESIGN
NEW MEDIA
THE SCHOOL OF
WEB DESIGN
NEW MEDIA


|
Roman Polanski"Don't tell your mom." You've gotta know you just committed a crime when that's what you say to your sex partner in the afterglow.In 1977, Roman Polanski, took thirteen-year-old Samantha Geimer over to Jack Nicholson's house in Bel Air while the actor was away. Polanski, director of the films Chinatown and Rosemary's Baby, had arranged to snap photos of the girl in her swimsuit, for the French edition of Vogue. Eventually, the pair took a dip in the hot tub, and Roman gave the girl champagne and quaaludes. Afterwards, there was fucking. But then Samantha did tell her mom. Polanski was arrested shortly thereafter and charged with six criminal counts:
Ultimately, Polanski took a plea bargain and acquiesced to one count of unlawful sex with a minor. But then he fled to France before the sentencing hearing. He has never been back to the United States since. But then, it's not like he has lots of fond memories of the U.S. After all, it was in America that his pregnant wife, 26-year-old film actress Sharon Tate, was brutally murdered along with four guests by the Manson Family. They stabbed Tate repeatedly in the belly and then slit her open to see the eight-month-old fetus. Polanski gave Anton LaVey a cameo in Rosemary's Baby. Twenty-six years later at the 75th annual Academy Awards, Polanski won Best Director for his film The Pianist. He has yet to return to the states to claim his complimentary statuette. Timeline
|


Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur, adipisicing elit. Ipsum deleniti maiores pariatur assumenda quas magni et, doloribus quod voluptate quasi molestiae magnam officiis dolorum, dolor provident atque molestias voluptatum explicabo!
This is a full service young but highly qualified law firm found in the year 2001. After nearly two decades, the firm has been successful in building a good reputation in fields of corporate and commercial services, real estate, taxation, and dispute resolution. They have offices in Mumbai and Delhi. Strict standards are maintained by the firm to contain client confidentiality. Guaranteed results are delivered based on the services in time and recorded fees to maintain transparency in the procedure of work.
This firm is one of the largest law firms in India. It has seven offices all across the country, which are located in major cities such as New Delhi, Mumbai, Kolkata, Ahmedabad, Bengaluru, Chennai, and Gurugram. Shardul S. Shroff is the executive of the organisation. The firm has implanted a successful global client base with over 110 partners all around the world. This full-service law firm is famously known for its ability to enable business and the capability to provide innovative solutions. The firm has recently won the prestigious title of “Innovation in Legal expertise”.
This corporate law firm has locations across Mumbai, Delhi NCR, Bangalore, and Pune. They are specialists in areas of general corporate issues, Banking and finance practices, dispute resolution, real estate, competition law, capital markets, funds, and competition law. It has more than ninety partners and was founded by Zia Mody in 2004. It has received recognition worldwide for its work and was ranked as number 1 amongst the Indian Law Firms in the year 2017. The organization takes responsibility for domestic as well as international clients.
This law associates firm was found in 2008. The main areas of expertise include banking and finance, corporate commercial, infrastructure, dispute resolution, foreign investment, and exchange control, energy, oil, gas, and mining. Relatively being a small firm, it has fifty lawyers in its offices at Mumbai and Delhi. They have eight partners and to provide a unique solution to several cases. Though being small, the responsiveness and support offered by the staffs working in the firm, to a client are quite reliable. Since its opening, the firm has succeeded in capturing the attention with its work.
After pursuing law from the Government Law College in Mumbai, Soli Sorabjee was admitted to the bar in 1953. At his law school, Sorabjee was awarded the Kinloch Forbes Gold Medal in Roman Law and Jurisprudence. Sorabjee was designated as a senior advocate of the Supreme Court of India in 1971. He is also known to have served as the Solicitor General of India from 1977-1980 and was appointed as the Attorney General of India from 1998-2004.
Known to have pursued a law degree from the Government Law College, Mumbai in 1950, Fali S Nariman stood first in the advocate's examination and has even been awarded the Kinlock Forbes Gold Medal and Prize for Roman Law & Jurisprudence. However, the law was not the first-course preference of this distinguished Indian Constitutional jurist and senior advocate to the Supreme Court. His father wanted him to pursue civil services but he finally pursued law because the family could not afford it.
A man of many odds, Ram Jethmalani, received his LLB degree at the age of 17 from the Government Law College at Mumbai. A special resolution was passed so that he could earn this degree because at that time the minimum age to become a lawyer was 21 years. He later earned his LLM degree from SC Shahani Law College, Karachi.
Having completed his law education from the University of Mumbai, Mukul Rohtagi who is the 14th, as well as current Attorney General of India, started practising under Yogesh Kumar Sabharwal who went on to become the 36th chief justice of India. Rohtagi started working with Sabharwal in the high court but later on started his own legal practice. Mukul Rohtagi was appointed as a chief legal advisor for current Prime Minister of India, Narendra Modi, however, he stepped down from the position citing that he wants to practice as a private lawyer.
After graduating with a law degree in 1952 from the Government Law College, Mumbai, Ashok Desai went on to pursue a bachelor of economics degree from the London School of Economics from where he graduated in 1956. In the same year, he was even called to the Bar at Lincoln’s Inn, London and in 1967 he also took part in the Harvard International Seminar. Ashok Desai was the Attorney General for India and served this office from 1996-1998. He has also served as the Solicitor General of India for the tenure between 1989 -1990.
Lorem ipsum, dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Asperiores, velit alias eius non illum beatae atque repellat ratione qui veritatis repudiandae adipisci maiores. At inventore necessitatibus deserunt exercitationem cumque earum omnis ipsum rem accusantium quis, quas quia, accusamus provident suscipit magni! Expedita sint ad dolore, commodi labore nihil velit earum ducimus nulla quae nostrum fugit aut, deserunt reprehenderit libero enim!
Our View


All of these operations are available from
the django.contrib.postgres.operations
module.
You can create a PostgreSQL extension in your database using a migration file. This example creates an hstore extension, but the same principles apply for other extensions.
Set up the hstore extension in PostgreSQL before the first CreateModel
or AddField
operation that involves
HStoreField
by adding a migration with
the HStoreExtension
operation.
For example:
from django.contrib.postgres.operations import HStoreExtension
class Migration(migrations.Migration):
...
operations = [
HStoreExtension(),
...
]
Creating the extension requires a database user with superuser privileges.
If the Django database user doesn’t have superuser privileges, you’ll have
to create the extension outside of Django migrations with a user that has
the appropriate privileges. In that case, connect to your Django database and
run the query CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS hstore;
.
CreateExtension
¶HStoreExtension
¶Oct 01, 2019


Welcome!
This section of the tutorial will walk you through the inital setup up to the point where you have an exact replica of this tutorial website up and running.
To get started, you will need a Github account. If you don’t already have one, go to www.github.com and create one.
If you’re a student, you can sign up for the student developer pack, which gives you access to a lot of different tools. The free account is also perfectly fine, though.
Once your account is set up, Github might ask you if want to create your first repository. “Repository” is Github’s name for a place where you can keep all of the files for one project or one website. However, we’re not going to create a new repository right now, so you can close the dialog box.
Instead of creating a new repository, we are going to copy the existing tutorial. To do this, go to the Github website for this tutorial and click on the “Fork” button in the top right corner.
Forking means that you’re creating your own copy of the github_pages_tutorial repository, which you can now edit on your own.
Once the repository is copied, your screen should look like this. Now we just have one step left. We need to rename it. To do this, click on Settings.
By default, Github assumes that a repository just contains code. To make your new website visible to everyone, we need to follow Github’s naming scheme.
Specifically, you need to rename your repository to <username>.github.io
. In my case, it is
mit-risi.github.io
.
Voila, once this change is applied, your website is ready! It is an exact copy of this tutorial
website ready for you to modify. Go to <username>.github.io
to check it out.
In my case, it's mit-risi.github.io
Having a website is fun, but only if you can put your own material on it. Let's look at how to edit it next.


Anusha Kalli
Python Developer
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>View Profile
Sunitha Vadde
Java Developer
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>View Profile
Priyanka
Software Developer
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>View Profile


Team P.G.T.
Set Tables
Grade Image
OMR
Results
ID
QR CODE
Results
OCR
Results
IMG
Results
IMG
Images Files
PDF File
FormRead
Mark Darkness
OCR Language
Afrikaans
Arabic
Azerbaijani
Belarusian
Bengali
Bulgarian
Catalan
Czech
Chinese
Traditional Chinese
Cherokee
Danish
German
Greek
English
English (Old)
Internet Meme
Esperanto
Esperanto alternative
Math
Estonian
Basque
Finnish
French
Frankish
French (Old)
Galician
Ancient Greek
Hebrew
Hindi
Croatian
Hungarian
Indonesian
Icelandic
Italian
Italian (Old)
Japanese
Kannada
Korean
Latvian
Lithuanian
Malayalam
Macedonian
Maltese
Malay
Dutch
Norwegian
Polish
Portuguese
Romanian
Russian
Slovakian
Slovenian
Spanish
Old Spanish
Albanian
Serbian (Latin)
Swahili
Swedish
Tamil
Telugu
Tagalog
Thai
Turkish
Ukrainian
Vietnamese
Threshold


3 Server Function
The server function, the 2nd part of your Shiny application after the UI, is where most of your computation takes place. It is in the server function where you will use the values users inputted via the control widgets to do things like wrangle your data and create outputs like plots. These outputs will be saved to a special object called output
which you can later reference in your UI in order to display them in your Shiny application.
In the example below, we created a text output using the textRender
function, saved it to the object output
, and then displayed that output in our UI’s main panel using the function textOutput
:
# Example of a shiny application with a sidebar layout, selectInput control widget,
# and simple text output.
library(shiny)
# Define UI
ui <- fluidPage(
# Sidebar Layout
sidebarLayout(
# Sidebar Layout Elements (i.e. the panels)
sidebarPanel = sidebarPanel(
#Control Widget
selectInput(
inputId = "input_1",
label = "Short description of control widget",
choices = c(
"Iowa" = "IA",
"Colorado" = "CO",
"Massachusetts" = "MA"
)
)
),
mainPanel = mainPanel(textOutput("output_1"))
))
# Server function
server <- function(input, output) {
output$output_1 <- renderText({
paste("You have selected", input$input_1)
})
}
# Run the application
shinyApp(ui = ui, server = server)
It is useful to remember the following 4 things when creating a new application output:
- In the server function, access user input values via the variable
input$inputID
- In the server function, build your output (e.g. plot, table, text, etc.) using one of the
render
functions (i.e.renderPlot
,renderDataTable
,renderText
, etc.), choosing the function that matches your output type. - In the UI section, access your output via the variable
output$output_name
- In the UI section, display your output using one of the corresponding *Output functions based on your output’s type (i.e.
plotOutput
,tableOutput
,textOutput
, etc.)


| P# Number | OPPM Number | Description | Release | Estimated Hours | Assigned | Team | Action |
| {{project.pNumber}} | {{project.oppm}} | {{project.projectDesc}} | {{project.monthRelease}}-{{project.yearRelease}} | {{project.hours}} | {{project.assigned}} | {{project.team}} | Invalidate |
{{errorMessage}}


“When I was desirous to delight my mind (animus) according to my idea of heavenly blessedness, a sudden stupor, occasioned by the light of heaven, which is as white as snow, and whose essence is said to be wisdom, seized my mind (mens) and darkness my eyes, and I was reduced to a state of insanity: and presently, from the heat of heaven, which corresponds with the brightness of its light, and whose essence is said to be love, there arose in my heart a violent palpitation, a general uneasiness seized my whole frame, and I was inwardly excruciated to such a degree that I threw myself flat on the ground.” — Emanuel Swedenborg, The Delights Of Wisdom Pertaining To Conjugal Love


!bid
Lot closes in
Current bid
Bid directly
Place this bid
Place automatic bid
Auto bid
Contacting a seller:
Send message


Attorney General Jeff Sessions acknowledges that he encountered Russian Ambassador Sergey Kislyak a third time, contrary to the prior amendment of his original Congressional testimony where he stated he had only encountered Kislyak twice in the past year. Sessions is forced to amend his testimony again.
Source: Huffington Post


Curve Fitting
ezfit - fit data with arbitrary fitting function
showfit - fit the active curve and display it
efmenu - Ezyfit menu
plotsample - Display a sample plot
undofit - Remove the last fit
rmfit - Remove fits
fitparam - Global settings for the EzyFit toolbox
Curve fitting "by eye"
getslope - Get the slope of the current line
showslope - Draw a line with fixed slope
Curve Fitting Tools
editcoeff - Edit the coefficients of a fit
makevarfit - Create variables from the parameters of a fit
evalfit - Evaluate a fit
showresidual - Show fit residual
editfit - Edit a user-defined fit
loadfit - load the predefined and the user-defined fits
dispeqfit - Displays the fit equation in the command window
showeqbox - Displays the fit equation box in the figure
Miscellaneous
remove_efmenu_fig - Remove the Ezyfit menu from figure files
ezfft - Power spectrum (FFT)
pickdata - Pick data from the active curve
getlineinfo - Get information (length, angle) of a segment
myginput - Graphical input from mouse
about_ef - display the "About" information of the EzyFit toolbox
checkupdate_ef - check for update of the EzyFit toolbox
Quick change of the axis scales
linx - Turn the X axis to LIN
liny - Turn the Y axis to LIN
logx - Turn the X axis to LOG
logy - Turn the Y axis to LOG
swx - LIN<->LOG swap of the X axis
swy - LIN<->LOG swap of the Y axis
Some useful plot tools
dfig - Create docked figure window
gridc - Centered cross grid
axisc - Centered axis
axis0 - Include origin in the axis
axisl - Include the nearest power of 10 in the axis of a log plot
loglogpn - Log-log scale plot for positive and negative data
semilogypn - Semilogarithmic plot for positive and negative data


Correlations Discovered Between Health Risks and State Demographics
The U.S. Census Bureau's Behavioral risk Factor Surveillance System aggregates survey data by state from families throughout the nation. The bureau collects demographic and health related data to assess health risk factors for different areas of the country. The data presented shows survey results from 2014.
In general, states with higher income and less poverty experience better health outcomes. Detailed correlation assessments are as follows:
-
Poverty:
- Increased poverty rate is positively correlated with the rate of individuals lacking healthcare.
- Increased poverty rate is positively correlated with the rate of individuals that choose to smoke cigarettes.
- Increased poverty rate is positively correlated with the rate of obesity.
-
Age:
- Higher median ages are negatively correlated with the rate of individuals lacking healthcare.
- Higher median ages are positively correlated with the rate of individuals that choose to smoke cigarettes.
- Median age does not appear to be correlated with obesity.
-
Household Income:
- Increased income is negatively correlated with the rate of individuals lacking healthcare.
- Increased income is negatively correlated with the rate of individuals that choose to smoke cigarettes.
- Increased income is negatively correlated with the rate of obesity.


Supervision
student
name
id
course
desc
inst
document
title
workplan
thesis
co-sup
s_name
s_inst
bdate
edate
Adicionar supervisão
Remover supervisão


| Class and Description |
|---|
| Image
Image object.
|
| NewServerResponse
View object to get back all data from a Instance create.
|
| PricingPlan |
| Server
Instance Object.
|
| ServerInfo |
| Class and Description |
|---|
| MetaData |
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Image
Image object.
|
| Server
Instance Object.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Image
Image object.
|
| Server
Instance Object.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Image
Image object.
|
| MetaData |
| PricingPlan |
| ServerParameters
Attributes about a running VPS. Implicit with any changes to
these attributes on a VPS is that we'd need to restart the VPS for
the changes to happen. At least at this point in time.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| BillingData
Billing data.
|
| DataCenter
TODO: test
|
| DataTransferAllowance
TODO: test
|
| Image
Image object.
|
| IpAddresses
IpAddresses assigned to an Interface.
|
| MetaData |
| NewServerResponse
View object to get back all data from a Instance create.
|
| PricingPlan |
| ResizeResponse |
| Server
Instance Object.
|
| ServerInfo |
| ServerParameters
Attributes about a running VPS. Implicit with any changes to
these attributes on a VPS is that we'd need to restart the VPS for
the changes to happen. At least at this point in time.
|
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Image
Image object.
|
| PricingPlan |
| Server
Instance Object.
|
| ServerInfo |
| Class and Description |
|---|
| Server
Instance Object.
|
Copyright © 2009-2013 jclouds. All Rights Reserved.


UHF A film review by Greg Goebel Copyright 1989 Greg Goebel
I always have a certain fear when I make recommendations for a movie. I fantasize that one day I'll be sitting at my computer, tapping away on the keyboard, mumbling to myself, when suddenly I'll be snatched out of my chair by two meaty hands and lifted up until my feet are dangling in the air (which is even more frightening than it sounds, considering I'm six-foot-four), with my nose pressed into the face of some pre-hominid who has a face like a Rottweiler with a complexion problem.
And I'll forthrightly answer: "Well ... no ... I'm just sitting here because he got a job in Piscataway and nobody's bothered to change the name plates on the desk yet ..."
Consider, for example, Weird Al Yankovic's new film, UHF. Let me explain what it is about first before I make any further comments on it ...
George Newman (Weird Al hisself) is a chronic daydreamer who likes to create perverse fantasies from popular cinematic scenarios -- which results in some interesting footage for the viewer, but also gives him a problem with holding down a job. Fired from a long list of menial jobs, George is getting ready to give up hope, when his gambler uncle wins a run-down UHF station, Channel 62, in an idle game of cards. He doesn't know what to do with it, of course -- 62 is the worst station in the known Universe, and probably in most parallel dimensions as well -- but George's lively aunt has an idea: Let George run the station!
George is a little discouraged in his work at first, but after a few lucky breaks, manages to bring Channel 62 to the top of the charts (with the help of some slightly unconventional programming). This draws the wrath of RJ Fletcher, owner of Channel 8, the network affiliate station -- and RJ is immune to cancer because everything in his body is malignant to begin with.
Okay, 'nuff said, you got the idea. Now for the comments: UHF is a thrown- together film, working on a low budget, with little in the way of acting (Weird Al is certainly not Oscar material) or story (the plot is like a watered-down version of Mel Brook's SILENT MOVIE). However, the only important criteria for judging a comedy is: DID YOU LAUGH? And the answer is: YES ... sometimes.
Make no mistake, UHF "dares to be stupid", and keeps it up from start to finish; it's like Weird Al is taking blind shots at you in hopes of hitting your funny bone -- and succeeding on occasion, though never to the point of getting on a roll. Still, when there are yuks, they're good ones.
I liked this film, though I can't say I feel extremely enthusiastic about it. Will you like it? The answer to that question is probably the same as the answer to this one: Do you enjoy reading a MAD magazine from cover to cover?
And if I steered you wrong, don't come looking in Corvallis -- I'll be in Piscataway ...
[<>]
.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Sci-fi is a theme that you can use to create worlds entirely unique to your players.
Creating an Original world is a great way to get your players into your game. Having something they never have seen makes each session fresh and exciting!
Future worlds are a place where many limitations we have are able to be removed for convenience of the players.
Worlds that are distiant can give them a sense of being isolated, and can give the players a somewhat unnerved feeling.
Creating an unknown universe for your players to play in, forces them to try and survive in a world they know nothing about.


Full-screen intro with background image and video popup.
Intro with background image, color overlay and a picture at the bottom. Mobirise helps you cut down development time by providing you with a flexible website editor with a drag and drop interface.
SHARE THIS PAGE!


|
Class Summary |
| LowerToleranceChangeListener |
This ChangeListener updates the lower color tolerance of the
JModeCorrelationPanel whenever the target changes. |
| MassKeyItemListener |
This ItemListener updates the log of the
JModeCorrelationPanel whenever a mass matrix is selected. |
| MassOpenAction |
This Action opens a dialog for the user to select the mass matrix
input file and then imports it. |
| MassReadAction |
This Action automatically imports the current mass matrix input file. |
| ModalAssuranceCriterionMakeAction |
This Action checks if the JModeCorrelationPanel has stored
node connections, if it has stored modes, if the modes and nodes have the
same names, and if any modes are selected. |
| ModeConnectionSaveAction |
This Action checks if the JModeCorrelationPanel has stored
mode connections. |
| ModeConnectionSaveAsAction |
This Action checks if the JModeCorrelationPanel has stored
mode connections. |
| ModeCorrelationSaveAction |
This Action checks if the JModeCorrelationPanel has stored
mode correlations. |
| ModeCorrelationSaveAsAction |
This Action checks if the JModeCorrelationPanel has stored
mode correlations. |
| ModeCorrelationShow2DAction |
This Action updates the 2D scene of the JModeCorrelationPanel
whenever an action is performed. |
| ModeCorrelationShow3DAction |
This Action updates the 3D scene of the JModeCorrelationPanel
whenever an action is performed. |
| ModeKeyDeselectAllAction |
This Action deselects all currently stored modes in the
JModePanel . |
| ModeKeySelectAllAction |
This Action selects all currently stored modes in the
JModePanel . |
| ModeOpenAction |
This Action opens a dialog for the user to select the mode input file
and then imports it. |
| ModeReadAction |
This Action automatically imports the current mode input file. |
| OrthogonalityCheckMakeAction |
This Action checks if the JModeCorrelationPanel has stored
node connections, if it has stored modes, if any modes are selected, if it
has stored mass matrices, if a mass matrix is selected, and if the modes,
masses, and nodes have the same names. |
| UpdateKeyDefaultAction |
This Action sets the default mode selection and connection of the
JModeCorrelationPanel . |
| UpdateKeyDeselectAllAction |
This Action deselects all currently stored First Modes in the
JModeCorrelationPanel . |
| UpdateKeySelectAllAction |
This Action selects all currently stored First Modes in the
JModeCorrelationPanel . |
| UpperToleranceChangeListener |
This ChangeListener updates the upper color tolerance of the
JModeCorrelationPanel whenever the target changes. |


HOME
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Introduction to Front-End Techonologies
Click on any part of the logo to know more about these techonologies


Birb Hangman
Type any letter to begin. Guess the word and see a birb.


2,345
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all messages-
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Beatrix Diaz 05:54 Nightingale taped hello bucolic fussily cardinal...
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Vittorio Cosgrove Tue, 16:35 Arguably therefore more unexplainable fumed...
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Compatibility with HP All-In-Ones (AIO)
-
anonymous
The HP Communication app's incompatibility with Fast User Switching (FUS) is well documented on Apple's support web pages. Essentially, HP Communications remains open when using FUS and disables all further HP AIO print capability. This is a major flaw in Panther which neither Apple or HP has addressed. Is Winswitch compatible with HP Communications?
-
Greg Hurrell
I have no idea what this HP AIO thing is, but I don't think there'd be any harm in installing WinSwitch and seeing how it works.
Perhaps related to this, you should see this FAQ entry for an example of how WinSwitch can be used to overcome incompatibilities between Logitech's Control Center software and Fast User Switching:
http://wincent.com/a/products/winswitch/faq/#switchInSwitchOut
It's possible that WinSwitch could be used to enable a similar fix for this HP AIO issue you talk about.
For what it's worth, in the case of the Logitech problem, it's not a flaw in Panther, but a flaw in the Logitech software. The same is probably true of this HP thing.
-
anonymous
I found out about Winswitch while in the process of trying to solve problems with the HP Communications driver/app.
Winswitch will work ok, what you need to do is install switch in/switch out shell scripts or apple scripts that quit and relaunch the "HP Communications" process.
I just did this a couple of days ago, and it seems to work ok most of the time, but sometimes it doesn't work. Also I am now seeing problems with Winswitch hangin the systemuiserver process (I tried the latest 3.0b download after reading a thread related to the systemuiserver hang, and this has not fixed the problem)
I'm still trying to sort out exactly where the problems are...
-
Greg Hurrell
To avoid confusion we should probably try to keep all trouble-shooting efforts in one place. I'm going to reply to your post in another thread here, but probably the best place to squish bugs would be the bug tracking database.
-
anonymous
agreed, we'll talk about the winswitch issue on the other thread.
For the original poster, here are the two applescripts...
this one starts the hp app (goes in switch in folder) Code: set pid to "" set pid to do shell script "ps -ax | grep -v grep | grep 'HP Comm' |awk '{ print $1 }'" if (pid = "") then do shell script "open '/Library/Printers/hp/HP Communications.app'" end if
this one kills the hp app, goes in the switch out folder: Code: set pid to "" set kill to "false" set pid to do shell script "ps -ax | grep -v grep | grep 'HP Comm' |awk '{ print $1 }'" if not (pid = "") then do shell script "kill " & pid set kill to the result end if
-
anonymous
I posted this howto on macosxhints last fall. It works well for me...
http://www.macosxhints.com/article.php?story=20041013213911785
- Brian
Reply
This topic is now closed.


[NOTE] This part 8 in a series of posts. The rest can be found here.
At the end of my last post I asked the question about routing traffic to different servers based on thier distances, etc… Well, after a bit of messing, i can say it kind of works! here is a quick over view:
- server in the house has now got multiple OpenVPN connections (2 to Hetzner, 1 to OVH (with a plan to double), 1 to Digital Ocean (again, to be doubled) and i am planning 2 to Azure as well).
- Quagga/Zebra has static routes (currently static, planing on dynamic soon… more eventually) to different servers depending on where they are. for example, all traffic to the hetzner network (including their Storage Boxes) go though the hetzner link. Hubic traffic goes though OVH, Azure (currently) and AWS traffic, aswell as some CDNs go direct over either WAN1 or WAN2 in the house, and some other stuff (CrashPlan currently) goes though Digital Ocean. Everything that has no static route goes though Hetzner…
- Ideally, the static side of things should be removed, and a more dynamic setup done. How that works, i have no idea… Spotify have 2 posts about their SDN Internet Router (part 1 and part 2) which is an interesting idea… More digging and research is required.
So, there you have it. Everything currently seems to be working, mostly, and tweaks can be made easily… I have a couple posts i have in my head, including something to do with automating bringing up new machines (probably with Ansible or something like it), more monitoring, and some other stuff too… Any questions, leave a comment, and i will get back.
[UPDATE] I wrote a quick and dirty app called WhoIsToZebraConfig which takes an AS Number, looks up the info in the Merit RADb (with the help of some code from Coder Buddy) and outputs what you need to put into your Zebra Config… should save me some time, and it might save you time too… shout if you have questions!


We are final year undergraduate students passioante to use data driven and artificial intelligence based solutions to help make a difference. We work on creating sustainable and social responsible solutions that help the society and make the world a better place.
what we really know how


Most cabinet members oppose Nawaz flying abroad
by Hasnaat MaikISLAMABAD: Most cabinet members during their meeting on Tuesday opposed granting unconditional permission to former prime minister Nawaz Sharif to travel abroad for medical treatment.
A cabinet member told The Express Tribune that the majority were against allowing the ailing 69-year-old politician to fly abroad without imposing any conditions as it would be a “complete defeat of the government’s accountability narrative”.
However, members belonging to the Pakistan Muslim League-Quaid (PML-Q) supported Nawaz’s departure.
After the meeting that lasted for over two hours, the cabinet decided to grant the Sharif family patriarch conditional permission to travel abroad.
It is learnt that three conditions have been proposed: i) the former premier should submit surety bonds; ii) approach the court for a no-objection certificate (NOC) to fly abroad; and iii) the Sharif family must give adequate assurances that Nawaz would return to the country after his treatment.
The cabinet member, who belongs to the PTI, disclosed that Railways Minister Sheikh Rashid himself opposed granting unconditional permission to Nawaz despite telling the media that the majority of the cabinet members were in favour of allowing the ailing politician to leave.
Political analysts are wondering as to how the cabinet gave the nod to Nawaz’s departure when the majority of the members were against the move.
They believe that once the security establishment had decided to permit Nawaz to travel to the UK for medical treatment, it was very unlikely for the cabinet to oppose the step.


Open AI used the Sparse Transformer network presented last week to generate 4-minutes-long music clips with high temporal consistency. We also learn that they used a clever combination of different embeddings (by encoding notes in chord, or the passage of time, etc) and trained the model on different MIDI datasets.
They have been running a musical competition all week long with announced winners everyday.
[...] In this work, we propose to apply data augmentation to unlabeled data in a semi-supervised learning setting. Our method, named Unsupervised Data Augmentation or UDA, encourages the model predictions to be consistent between an unlabeled example and an augmented unlabeled example. Unlike previous methods that use random noise such as Gaussian noise or dropout noise, UDA has a small twist in that it makes use of harder and more realistic noise generated by state-of-the-art data augmentation methods. [...] . On the IMDb text classification dataset, with only 20 labeled examples, UDA outperforms the state-of-the-art model trained on 25,000 labeled examples. On standard semi-supervised learning benchmarks, CIFAR-10 with 4,000 examples and SVHN with 1,000 examples, UDA outperforms all previous approaches and reduces more than 30% of the error rates of state-of-the-art methods [...].
[...] In this paper, we consider the use of self-attention for discriminative visual tasks as an alternative to convolutions. We introduce a novel two-dimensional relative self-attention mechanism that proves competitive in replacing convolutions as a stand-alone computational primitive for image classification. [...] We therefore propose to augment convolutional operators with this self-attention mechanism by concatenating convolutional feature maps with a set of feature maps produced via self-attention. Extensive experiments show that Attention Augmentation leads to consistent improvements in image classification on ImageNet and object detection on COCO across many different models and scales, including ResNets and a state-of-the art mobile constrained network, while keeping the number of parameters similar. [...]
[...] We propose Meta-Sim, which learns a generative model of synthetic scenes, and obtain images as well as its corresponding ground-truth via a graphics engine. We parametrize our dataset generator with a neural network, which learns to modify attributes of scene graphs obtained from probabilistic scene grammars, so as to minimize the distribution gap between its rendered outputs and target data. If the real dataset comes with a small labeled validation set, we additionally aim to optimize a meta-objective, i.e. downstream task performance. Experiments show that the proposed method can greatly improve content generation quality over a human-engineered probabilistic scene grammar, both qualitatively and quantitatively as measured by performance on a downstream task.
[...] In this work we demonstrate how one can benefit from recent work on self- and semi-supervised learning to outperform state-of-the-art (SOTA) on both unsupervised ImageNet synthesis, as well as in the conditional setting. In particular, the proposed approach is able to match the sample quality (as measured by FID) of the current state-of-the art conditional model BigGAN on ImageNet using only 10% of the labels and outperform it using 20% of the labels.
Rather than proposing a new method, this paper investigates an issue present in existing learning algorithms. We study the learning dynamics of reinforcement learning (RL), specifically a characteristic coupling between learning and data generation that arises because RL agents control their future data distribution. In the presence of function approximation, this coupling can lead to a problematic type of 'ray interference', characterized by learning dynamics that sequentially traverse a number of performance plateaus, effectively constraining the agent to learn one thing at a time even when learning in parallel is better. We establish the conditions under which ray interference occurs, show its relation to saddle points and obtain the exact learning dynamics in a restricted setting. We characterize a number of its properties and discuss possible remedies.
Choose a suitable alpha and use f(x) = sin2(2^(xt) arcsin(sqrt(alpha)). That's all you need to fit a dataset perfectly. The author provides a document explaining how to tune the alpha parameter and how this is possible. Of course, don't expect any generalization capabilities.
Pytorch 1.1 has been released and it comes with some great additions. My selection: TensorBoard is officially added although at an experimental stage, a few additions to the JIT compiler, new possibilities for model parallelism, some nice additions to the nn library (like the MultiheaderAttention module), new learning rate schedulers (cyclical learning rate and cosine annealing with warm restarts), some impressive speedups on CPU (batch norm at inference is reported to be ~19 times faster!!)


Sources
One common source of caffeine is the coffee plant, the beans from which are used to produce coffee. Caffeine content varies substantially between Arabica and Robusta species and to a lesser degree between varieties of each species.
One dose of caffeine is generally considered to be 100 mg. In theory, a single serving (6 fl oz / 150 ml) of drip coffee or one-half caffeine tablet would deliver this dose. In the real world, coffee varies considerably in caffeine content per serving, ranging from about 75 mg to 250 mg. Generally, dark roast coffee has less caffeine than lighter roasts since the roasting process reduces caffeine content of the bean.
Tea is another common source of caffeine in many cultures. Tea contains somewhat less caffeine per serving than coffee, (usually about half as much, depending on the strength of the brew), though certain types of tea, such as Lapsang sou chong smoked teas, and oolong contain more caffeine.
Caffeine is also common in soft drinks such as cola. Such drinks typically contain about 25 mg to 50 mg of caffeine per serving. Some "energy drinks" such as Red Bull contain 80 mg, while others offer considerably more caffeine per serving, from 100 mg to 400 mg.
Mateine and guaranine are other names for caffeine. The names come from yerba maté and guarana respectively, caffeine-containing plants used for tea and other things. Many yerba maté enthusiasts insist that mateine is a stereoisomer of caffeine and thus a different substance altogether. However, this is impossible; caffeine is an achiral molecule with no chiral centers, and therefore has no stereoisomers. Similar claims are sometimes made of guaranine.
Caffeine is sometimes called theine when it is found in tea, as the caffeine in tea was once thought to be a separate compound to the caffeine found in coffee. But tea does contain another xanthine, theophylline whose chemical structure is C7H8N4O2 compared to caffeine's C8H10N4O2. This is similar to the naming problem with mateine and guaranine.
Coffee
All fluid ounces are U.S. fluid ounces.
- Coffee, brewed (drip) - 4 to 20 mg/floz (130 to 680 mg/litre) (40 to 170 mg/5 floz)
- Coffee, decaffeinated - 0.4 to 0.6 mg/floz (13 to 20 mg/litre)
- Coffee, instant - 4 to 12 mg/floz (130 to 400 mg/litre)
- Espresso Arabica - ~40 mg/floz (1360 mg/litre)
- Espresso Robusta - ~100 mg/floz (3400 mg/litre)
Teas and other infusions
- Black tea, brewed (USA) - 2.5 to 11 mg/floz (85 to 370 mg per litre)
- Black tea, brewed (other) - 3 to 14 mg/floz (100 to 470 mg/litre)
- Black tea, canned iced - 2 to 3 mg/floz (70 to 100 mg/litre)
- Black tea, instant - 3.5 mg/floz (120 mg/litre)
- Oolong, 3.75 mg/floz (120 mg per litre) (12 to 55 mg per tea bag, i.e. one serving)
- Green tea, 2.5 mg/floz (85 mg/litre) (8 to 30 mg per tea bag, i.e. one serving)
- White tea, 2.0 mg/floz (68 mg/litre) (6 to 25 mg per tea bag, i.e. one serving)
- Decaf, 0.5 mg/oz (17 mg/litre) (1 to 4 mg per tea bag, i.e. one serving)
Tisanes
Tisanes (i.e. Herbal teas) - caffeine content depends on the herb, e.g. Chamomile and Rooibos "teas" have no caffeine while Yerba maté and Guarana do contain varying quantities. Many tea drinkers characterise herbal tea simply as that which, unlike black or green tea, contains no caffeine.
Chocolate
Chocolate is a weak stimulant due to to its content of theobromine, theophylline, and caffeine.[1] However, chocolate contains too little of these compounds for a reasonable serving to create effects in humans that are on par with a coffee buzz.
Other sources
- Energy drink - 10 mg/floz (340 mg/litre). Some countries limit the caffeine content at 135 mg/litre.
- Soft drink (caffeinated) - 3 to 8 mg/floz (100 to 270 mg/litre, some countries limit the caffeine content in cola drinks to 200 mg/l)
- Pill (caffeine) - 200 mg (100 mg in Canada and many countries within EU)
- Buckfast Tonic Wine - 0.05% of caffeine by weight[2]
Equivalents to 200 mg of caffeine
- One caffeine pill (Two in some countries where these are 100 mg)
- ~2 shots of espresso from robusta beans (2 floz)
- ~5 shots of espresso from arabica beans (5 floz)
- ~2 "5 floz containers" of regular coffee (10 floz)
- ~1.3 L soft drink (these can vary widely in content)
- ~5 cups (8 floz) of black tea or ~10 cups (8 floz) of green tea
- ~5 cans of soda (these can vary widely in content)
In the European Union, a warning must be placed on packaging if the caffeine content of any beverage exceeds 150 mg per litre. This includes caffeine from any source (including guarana, which is often found in energy drinks). In many countries, caffeine is classified as a flavouring.
Metabolism and toxicology
Caffeine is thought to act on the brain (and in fact, most cells of the body, since all cells have adenosine receptors) by blocking adenosine receptors (thereby blocking a pathway that leads to the breakdown of cyclic adenosine monophosphate, cAMP). Adenosine, when bound to receptors of nerve cells, slows down nerve cell activity; this happens, among other times, during sleep. The caffeine molecule, being similar to adenosine, binds to the same receptors but doesn't cause the cells to slow down; instead, the caffeine blocks the receptors and thereby the adenosine action. The resulting increased nerve activity causes the release of the hormone epinephrine (adrenaline), which in turn leads to several effects such as higher heart rate, increased blood pressure, increased blood flow to muscles, decreased blood flow to the skin and inner organs, and release of glucose by the liver. In addition, caffeine, similar to amphetamines, increases the levels of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain.
Caffeine is quickly and completely removed from the brain and, unlike other CNS stimulants or alcohol, its effects are short lived. In many people, caffeine does not negatively affect concentration or higher mental functions, and hence caffeinated drinks are often consumed in the course of work.
In the liver, the first metabolic products of caffeine are three dimethylxanthines: theophylline (4%), theobromine (12%) and paraxanthine (84%). Theophylline relaxes smooth muscles of the bronchii and has been used as a treatment of asthma. Theobromine, the principal alkaloid in cocoa (chocolate) can increase blood vessel dilation and urine volume. Paraxanthine increases lipolysis, leading to elevated glycerol and free fatty acid in the blood plasma.
Continued consumption of caffeine can lead to tolerance. Upon withdrawal, the body becomes oversensitive to adenosine, causing the blood pressure to drop dramatically, leading to headache and other symptoms. Any accumulated sleep debt will be fully felt on withdrawal as well.
Too much caffeine can lead to caffeine intoxication. The symptoms of this disorder are restlessness, nervousness, excitement, insomnia, flushed face, diuresis, gastrointestinal complaints, even hallucinations. They can occur in some people after as little as 250 mg per day. More than 1,000 mg per day may result in muscle twitching, rambling flow of thought and speech, cardiac arrhythmia or tachycardia, and psychomotor agitation. Caffeine intoxication can lead to symptoms similar to panic disorder and generalized anxiety disorder.
The minimum lethal dose ever reported was 3,200 mg, intravenously. The LD50 of caffeine (that is the lethal dosage reported to kill 50% of the population) is estimated between 13-19 grams for oral administration for an average adult. The LD50 of caffeine is dependent on weight and estimated to be about 150-200 mg per kg of body mass, roughly 140-180 cups of coffee for an average adult taken within a limited timeframe that is dependent on half life. The half-life or time it takes to metabolize 50% of the caffeine, ranges from 3.5 to 100 hours. In adults the half-life is generally around 5 hours. However contraceptive pills increase this to around 12 hours and for women over 3 months pregnant it varies from 10 to 18 hours. In infants and young children the half-life may be longer than adults. With common coffee and a very rare half-life of 100 hours it would require 3 cups of coffee every hour for 100 hours just to reach LD50. Though achieving lethal dose with coffee would be exceptionally difficult, there have been many reported deaths from intentional overdosing on caffeine pills.
While safe for humans, caffeine and its related compounds theobromine and theophylline are considerably more toxic to some other animals such as dogs, horses and parrots due to a much poorer ability to metabolize these compounds.
Intake of caffeine can up to halve a patient's risk of diabetes mellitus type 2. While this was originally noticed in patients who consumed high amounts (7 cups a day), the relationship has now been shown to be linear (Salazar-Martinez 2004).
Intravenous caffeine (in the form of caffeine benzoate 500 mg over 1 hour) is occasionally used medically to treat post-lumbar puncture ("spinal tap") headache[3].
Although caffeine solutions are often used as a chemical standard for bitterness, caffeine is added to some soft drinks such as colas, Irn-Bru and Mountain Dew ostensibly for its taste.
Abuse and overdose
Caffeine, in its many forms, has been used for its stimulating effects. In modern times, though, the substance can be produced in much higher quantities, and has found its way into many products. Purer forms, such as those in caffeine pills, are easily available. These pills are sometimes used by college students and shift workers to last an entire night without sleep.
Caffeine pills have been under media fire for recent and past deaths of students, usually take on the form of a caffeine overdose. One such example of this was the death of a North Carolina student, Jason Allen. He swallowed most of a bottle of 90 such pills [4]. This was the equivalent of about 250 cups of coffee (or, alternatively, a gallon and a half (5 liters) of espresso, or 22 gallons (~85 liters) of Mountain Dew, though the soft drink is not caffeinated in all areas). Allen probably ingested about 18 grams of caffeine, since caffeine pills are restricted to 200 milligrams or less in the U.S., and most manufacturers make them in that size. A few other deaths by caffeine overdose have been known, almost always in the case of massive pill consumption.
Studies in humans have shown that caffeine may cause miscarriage or may slow the growth of a developing fetus when given in doses greater than 300 mg (an amount equal to three cups of coffee) a day. In addition, use of large amounts of caffeine by the mother during pregnancy may cause problems with the heart rhythm of the fetus.
Excessive ingestion of caffeine can result in increased blood pressure and pulse, increased urine production, vasoconstriction (tightening or constricting of superficial blood vessels) sometimes resulting in cold hands or fingers, increased amounts of fatty acids in the blood, and increased production of gastric acid.
Those suffering from overdose should find a quiet place to rest. Within an hour after the effects first arise, peak influence on the body should occur, with a 15-30 minute plateau, after which the effects should abate and the sufferer can return to normal activity.
Long periods of abuse can lead to detrimental effects on the esophagus (persons who consume high amounts of caffeine may have a risk for higher incidents of peptic ulcers, erosive esophagitis, and gastroesophageal reflux disease), heart problems, insomnia, chronic muscle tension and nervousness.
One dangerous form of caffeine use is to stay alert when one is under the influence of alcohol or in severe sleep debt. This tricks users into thinking they are more alert than they really are. Taking part in certain activities, such as driving, may be dangerous in such cases. Even aside from such activities, caffeine does not make up for the poor mental performance caused by lack of sleep.
The term caffeinism has been coined to mean addiction to (or debilitating dependence on) caffeine.
History
Although tea consumption in China began thousands of years ago, the first documented use of caffeine in a beverage for its pharmacological effect was by the sufis of Yemen, who used coffee to stay awake during prayers in the 15th century. In the 16th century there were coffeehouses in Cairo and Mecca. Coffeehouses opened in Europe in the 17th century.
Caffeine was isolated by the German chemist Friedrich Ferdinand Runge in 1819. According to the legend, he did this at the instigation of Johann Wolfgang von Goethe (Weinberg & Bealer 2001).


|
BTK
0.3dev.0
Open-source library to visualize/process biomechanical data
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Label a specific time/frame during an acquisition. More...
#include <btkEvent.h>
Public Types | |
| typedef SharedPtr< const Event > | ConstPointer |
| enum | DetectionFlag { Unknown = 0x00, Manual = 0x02, Automatic = 0x04, FromForcePlatform = 0x08 } |
| typedef SharedPtr< Event > | Pointer |
| Public Types inherited from btk::DataObjectLabeled | |
| typedef SharedPtr< const DataObjectLabeled > | ConstPointer |
| typedef SharedPtr < DataObjectLabeled > | Pointer |
| Public Types inherited from btk::DataObject | |
| typedef SharedPtr< const DataObject > | ConstPointer |
| typedef SharedPtr< DataObject > | Pointer |
| Public Types inherited from btk::Object | |
| typedef SharedPtr< const Object > | ConstPointer |
| typedef SharedPtr< Object > | Pointer |
Public Member Functions | |
| Pointer | Clone () const |
| const std::string & | GetContext () const |
| int | GetDetectionFlags () const |
| int | GetFrame () const |
| int | GetId () const |
| const std::string & | GetSubject () const |
| double | GetTime () const |
| bool | HasDetectionFlag (DetectionFlag flag) |
| void | SetContext (const std::string &context) |
| void | SetDetectionFlags (int flags) |
| void | SetFrame (int f) |
| void | SetId (int id) |
| void | SetSubject (const std::string &subject) |
| void | SetTime (double t) |
| Public Member Functions inherited from btk::DataObjectLabeled | |
| const std::string & | GetDescription () const |
| const std::string & | GetLabel () const |
| virtual void | SetDescription (const std::string &description) |
| virtual void | SetLabel (const std::string &label) |
| Public Member Functions inherited from btk::DataObject | |
| DataObject * | GetParent () const |
| bool | HasParent () const |
| void | Modified () |
| void | SetParent (DataObject *parent) |
| void | Update () |
| Public Member Functions inherited from btk::Object | |
| unsigned long int | GetTimestamp () const |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static Pointer | New () |
| static Pointer | New (const std::string &label, double t, const std::string &context="", int detectionFlags=Unknown, const std::string &subject="", const std::string &desc="", int id=0) |
| static Pointer | New (const std::string &label, int f, const std::string &context="", int detectionFlags=Unknown, const std::string &subject="", const std::string &desc="", int id=0) |
| static Pointer | New (const std::string &label, double t, int f, const std::string &context="", int detectionFlags=Unknown, const std::string &subject="", const std::string &desc="", int id=0) |
Friends | |
| bool | operator!= (const Event &rLHS, const Event &rRHS) |
| bool | operator== (const Event &rLHS, const Event &rRHS) |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from btk::DataObjectLabeled | |
| DataObjectLabeled (const std::string &label="", const std::string &description="") | |
| DataObjectLabeled (const DataObjectLabeled &toCopy) | |
| Protected Attributes inherited from btk::DataObjectLabeled | |
| std::string | m_Description |
| std::string | m_Label |
Label a specific time/frame during an acquisition.
An event is defined as:
The ID is not used as a unique identifier but more to determine the type of the event. Even if there is no rule for the id value, these 3 next values are used in Vicon Workstation and Nexus to distinguish events' type:
For example, a heel strike event on the left leg or the subject John Doe at frame 143 can be set by
Smart pointer associated with a const Event object.
Smart pointer associated with an Event object.
|
inline |
Clones the object and return it as new smart pointer.
|
inline |
Returns event's context.
|
inline |
Returns the method(s) which generate the event.
|
inline |
Returns event's frame index.
|
inline |
Returns the event's ID. Can be used by software (as Vicon Workstation) to indicate event (independently of the label).
|
inline |
Returns the subject associated with the event.
|
inline |
Returns event's time.
| bool btk::Event::HasDetectionFlag | ( | DetectionFlag | flag | ) |
Checks if the given detection flag is contained in the event.
|
inlinestatic |
Creates a smart pointer associated with an Event object.
|
inlinestatic |
Creates a smart pointer associated with an Event object.
|
inlinestatic |
Creates a smart pointer associated with an Event object.
| void btk::Event::SetContext | ( | const std::string & | context | ) |
Sets event's context.
| void btk::Event::SetDetectionFlags | ( | int | flags | ) |
Sets the event's detection. Use the enumeration Event::DetectionFlag to set the method(s) of detection.
| void btk::Event::SetFrame | ( | int | f | ) |
Sets event's frame index.
| void btk::Event::SetId | ( | int | id | ) |
Sets the event's ID.
| void btk::Event::SetSubject | ( | const std::string & | subject | ) |
Sets the subject associated with the event.
| void btk::Event::SetTime | ( | double | t | ) |
Sets event's time.


What is Aurelius?
Aurelius is an API version of Marcus Aurelius' Meditations.
Why did you build this?
Aurelius originated as a project for Appboy Hackday 2017. It was inspired by an observation from a friend that Meditations is best read in small chunks.
Which translation of Meditations does this use?
Aurelius uses a modified version of George Long's 1862 translation, which is in the public domain. Archaisms in that translation have been replaced with more modern English words. For example, "thou" has been replaced by "you", "livest" has been changed to "live, and etc.


See: Description
| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| ByteIOFramer |
Interface supporting message framing services.
|
| ByteIOFramerFactory |
Interface supporting protocol-specific message framing on a connection,
to frame inchoate streams of bytes into processable units.
|
| Connection |
A communications connection to other entities on the net.
|
| ConnectionCountMonitor |
Track the number of connections, so server can exit gracefully.
|
| ConnectionManager |
Interface implemented by classes that support message channel connectivity
via some I/O pathway (e.g., TCP/IP, etc.).
|
| LoadMonitor |
Interface implemented by classes that support tracking server load.
|
| MessageAcquirer |
Interface implemented by message handlers that need to preflight received
messages prior to putting them on the receive queue.
|
| MessageHandler |
Interface for objects that handle events on a
Connection . |
| MessageHandlerFactory |
Interface to handle the application-specific portion of
Connection
creation. |
| MessageReceiver |
Interface for the object that a
Connection uses to accept incoming
messages from the net. |
| Releasable |
Interface implemented by message objects that have resources that need to
be released after the message has been transmitted.
|
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| ChunkyByteArrayInputStream |
Input stream similar to ByteArrayInputStream but backed by an ongoing series
of byte arrays that can be added to during the stream object's lifetime.
|
| ConnectionBase |
Base class providing common internals implementation for various types of
Connection objects.
|
| ConnectionRetrier |
Worker object to manage an ongoing attempt to establish an outbound TCP
connection, so that failed connection attempts can be retried automatically.
|
| HTTPFramer |
An HTTPFramer is responsible for extracting messages from HTTP POSTs
arriving on an HTTP connection and doing something meaningful with them.
|
| HTTPRequest |
An HTTP request descriptor, obtained by parsing the lines of text in an HTTP
request as they are received.
|
| HTTPRequestByteIOFramerFactory |
Byte I/O framer factory for HTTP requests.
|
| HTTPSessionConnection |
An implementation of
Connection that virtualizes a continuous
message session out of a series of transient HTTP connections. |
| JSONByteIOFramer |
I/O framer implementation for JSON messages.
|
| JSONByteIOFramerFactory |
Byte I/O framer factory for JSON messaging over a byte stream.
|
| NetAddr |
An IP network address and port number combination, represented in a somewhat
friendlier way than
InetSocketAddress
does. |
| NetworkManager |
Manage network connections between this server and other entities.
|
| NullMessageHandler |
"Message handler" for connections that are send only.
|
| RTCPRequest |
An RTCP request descriptor, obtained by parsing the lines of text in an RTCP
request as they are received.
|
| RTCPRequestByteIOFramerFactory |
Byte I/O framer factory for RTCP requests.
|
| RTCPSessionConnection |
An implementation of
Connection that virtualizes a continuous
message session out of a series of potentially transient TCP connections. |
| TCPConnection |
An implementation of
Connection that manages a non-blocking TCP
connection to a single remote host. |
| WebSocketByteIOFramerFactory |
Byte I/O framer factory for WebSocket connections, a perverse hybrid of HTTP
and TCP.
|
| WebSocketRequest |
An HTTP request descriptor, augmented for setting up a WebSocket connection.
|
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| ConnectionCloseException |
Exception to report that a connection was shutdown normally (i.e., without
error).
|
Copyright © 2017. All rights reserved.


Refactoring ruby by Jay Fields
POTD
Apache - most popular web server that powers 57% of the internet 68% of the top 100 sites use apache
LAMP - linux, apache, mysql, php
Named after Apache Native American tribe and also “A patchy server”
Code Review
CLI- The only thing that should be rescued are exceptional errors… - rescuing a non-exceptional search item.
1 2 3 4 5 |
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- defensive programming
- introspection - look in the DB and see what attributes I have
- when something changes, you just need to trickle that change to a bunch of different places.
1 2 |
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Debugger
gives you debugger prompt- type irb which will allow you to drop into IRB with the objects all ready loaded
Methods
??inject() do |incrementer, another param|
- it is the result of the block that keeps getting passed along.
- This needs review
- it is the result of the block that keeps getting passed along.
??each_with_object
- This needs review, passes in the object as the second argument, inject is the first. There is little diff other than that.
send(string_or_a_symbol, data[i])
Code Review
dynamic dispatching
use the database to find stuff for you, not ruby
raw_results
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
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program with the initialize method or better yet, build on top of the new object
drop db or just drop table? USE: database cleaner gem- drop the data (truncate it)
the .included method at the bottom of the module is like a callback or hook
Rails Lecture
the rails command inside the the rails app folder is very different than outside the folder…
bundler - we call it a bundle, because it is a bundle of dependencies
all ruby web applications will respond to a rack application…
- ActiveRecord is for relational databases (not MongoDB for example)
MVC
Models are our objects the CRUD Models are always SINGULAR
Controller are about ferrying data from one place to another-> just business logic
Views are display logic -> present data
Other Files
lib dir:
- for any modules that made my classes autocompletable for all songs and users
- anything that isn’t part of the request cycle
Public dir:
- whatever you put in the public dir will automatically be served (that is why it worked in sinatra)
Resources
a resource means that you have a model, controller, and a view
Migrations
apply any migrations all changes that have not been previously been uncommitted
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rake is included in the standard library
TDD
Ruby
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“anytime you see a private method you see a new class yearning to be born”
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The Fourth National Climate Assessment (NCA4) fulfills that mandate in two volumes. This report, Volume II, draws on the foundational science described in Volume I, the Climate Science Special Report (CSSR). Volume II focuses on the human welfare, societal, and environmental elements of climate change and variability for 10 regions and 18 national topics, with particular attention paid to observed and projected risks, impacts, consideration of risk reduction, and implications under different mitigation pathways. Where possible, NCA4 Volume II provides examples of actions underway in communities across the United States to reduce the risks associated with climate change, increase resilience, and improve livelihoods.
The Global Change Research Act of 1990 mandates that the U.S. Global Change Research Program (USGCRP) deliver a report to Congress and the President no less than every four years that:
This assessment was written to help inform decision-makers, utility and natural resource managers, public health officials, emergency planners, and other stakeholders by providing a thorough examination of the effects of climate change on the United States.


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The Sun is a huge mass of hot, glowing gas. The strong gravitational pull of the Sun holds Earth and the other planets in the solar system in orbit. The Sun’s light and heat influence all of the objects in the solar system and allow life to exist on Earth.
The Sun is roughly middle aged and has not changed dramatically for over four billion years, and will remain fairly stable for more than another five billion years. However, after hydrogen fusion in its core has stopped, the Sun will undergo severe changes and become a red giant. It is calculated that the Sun will become sufficiently large to engulf the current orbits of Mercury, Venus, and possibly Earth.
The enormous effect of the Sun on Earth has been recognized since prehistoric times, and the Sun has been regarded by some cultures as a deity. Earth's movement around the Sun is the basis of the solar calendar, which is the predominant calendar in use today.