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Trường Bộ Kinh
Digha Nikaya22. Maha-Satipatthana Sutta
The Great Frames of ReferenceTranslated by Bhikkhu Thanissaro
I have heard that on one occasion the Blessed One was staying in the Kuru country. Now there is a town of the Kurus called Kammasadhamma. There the Blessed One addressed the monks, "Monks."
"Venerable sir," the monks replied.
The Blessed One said this: "This is the direct path for the purification of beings, for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation, for the disappearance of pain and distress, for the attainment of the right method, and for the realization of Unbinding -- in other words, the four frames of reference. Which four?
"There is the case where a monk remains focused on the body in and of itself -- ardent, alert, and mindful -- putting aside greed and distress with reference to the world. He remains focused on feelings... mind... mental qualities in and of themselves -- ardent, alert, and mindful -- putting aside greed and distress with reference to the world.
(A. Body)
"And how does a monk remain focused on the body in and of itself?
[1] "There is the case where a monk -- having gone to the wilderness, to the shade of a tree, or to an empty building -- sits down folding his legs crosswise, holding his body erect and setting mindfulness to the fore [lit: the front of the chest]. Always mindful, he breathes in; mindful he breathes out.
"Breathing in long, he discerns that he is breathing in long; or breathing out long, he discerns that he is breathing out long. Or breathing in short, he discerns that he is breathing in short; or breathing out short, he discerns that he is breathing out short.  He trains himself to breathe in calming bodily fabrication and to breathe out calming bodily fabrication. Just as a skilled turner or his apprentice, when making a long turn, discerns that he is making a long turn, or when making a short turn discerns that he is making a short turn; in the same way the monk, when breathing in long, discerns that he is breathing in long; or breathing out short, he discerns that he is breathing out short... He trains himself to breathe in calming bodily fabrication, and to breathe out calming bodily fabrication.
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in and of itself, or externally on the body in and of itself, or both internally and externally on the body in and of itself. Or he remains focused on the phenomenon of origination with regard to the body, on the phenomenon of passing away with regard to the body, or on the phenomenon of origination and passing away with regard to the body. Or his mindfulness that 'There is a body' is maintained to the extent of knowledge and remembrance. And he remains independent, unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in and of itself.
[2] "Furthermore, when walking, the monk discerns that he is walking. When standing, he discerns that he is standing. When sitting, he discerns that he is sitting. When lying down, he discerns that he is lying down. Or however his body is disposed, that is how he discerns it.
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in and of itself, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in and of itself.
[3] "Furthermore, when going forward and returning, he makes himself fully alert; when looking toward and looking away... when bending and extending his limbs... when carrying his outer cloak, his upper robe and his bowl... when eating, drinking, chewing, and savoring... when urinating and defecating... when walking, standing, sitting, falling asleep, waking up, talking, and remaining silent, he makes himself fully alert.
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in and of itself, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in and of itself.
[4] "Furthermore... just as if a sack with openings at both ends were full of various kinds of grain -- wheat, rice, mung beans, kidney beans, sesame seeds, husked rice -- and a man with good eyesight, pouring it out, were to reflect, 'This is wheat. This is rice. These are mung beans. These are kidney beans. These are sesame seeds. This is husked rice,' in the same way, monks, a monk reflects on this very body from the soles of the feet on up, from the crown of the head on down, surrounded by skin and full of various kinds of unclean things: 'In this body there are head hairs, body hairs, nails, teeth, skin, flesh, tendons, bones, bone marrow, kidneys, heart, liver, pleura, spleen, lungs, large intestines, small intestines, gorge, feces, bile, phlegm, pus, blood, sweat, fat, tears, skin-oil, saliva, mucus, fluid in the joints, urine.'
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in and of itself, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in and of itself.
[5] "Furthermore... just as a skilled butcher or his apprentice, having killed a cow, would sit at a crossroads cutting it up into pieces, the monk contemplates this very body -- however it stands, however it is disposed -- in terms of properties: 'In this body there is the earth property, the liquid property, the fire property, and the wind property.'
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in and of itself, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in and of itself.
[6] "Furthermore, as if he were to see a corpse cast away in a charnel ground -- one day, two days, three days dead -- bloated, livid, and festering, he applies it to this very body, 'This body, too: Such is its nature, such is its future, such its unavoidable fate'...
"Or again, as if he were to see a corpse cast away in a charnel ground, picked at by crows, vultures, and hawks, by dogs, hyenas, and various other creatures... a skeleton smeared with flesh and blood, connected with tendons... a fleshless skeleton smeared with blood, connected with tendons... a skeleton without flesh or blood, connected with tendons... bones detached from their tendons, scattered in all directions -- here a hand bone, there a foot bone, here a shin bone, there a thigh bone, here a hip bone, there a back bone, here a rib, there a chest bone, here a shoulder bone, there a neck bone, here a jaw bone, there a tooth, here a skull... the bones whitened, somewhat like the color of shells... piled up, more than a year old... decomposed into a powder: He applies it to this very body, 'This body, too: Such is its nature, such is its future, such its unavoidable fate.'
"In this way he remains focused internally on the body in and of itself, or externally on the body in and of itself, or both internally and externally on the body in and of itself. Or he remains focused on the phenomenon of origination with regard to the body, on the phenomenon of passing away with regard to the body, or on the phenomenon of origination and passing away with regard to the body. Or his mindfulness that 'There is a body' is maintained to the extent of knowledge and remembrance. And he remains independent, unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the body in and of itself.
(B. Feelings)
"And how does a monk remain focused on feelings in and of themselves? There is the case where a monk, when feeling a painful feeling, discerns that he is feeling a painful feeling. When feeling a pleasant feeling, he discerns that he is feeling a pleasant feeling. When feeling a neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling, he discerns that he is feeling a neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling.
"When feeling a painful feeling of the flesh, he discerns that he is feeling a painful feeling of the flesh. When feeling a painful feeling not of the flesh, he discerns that he is feeling a painful feeling not of the flesh. When feeling a pleasant feeling of the flesh, he discerns that he is feeling a pleasant feeling of the flesh. When feeling a pleasant feeling not of the flesh, he discerns that he is feeling a pleasant feeling not of the flesh. When feeling a neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling of the flesh, he discerns that he is feeling a neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling of the flesh. When feeling a neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling not of the flesh, he discerns that he is feeling a neither-painful-nor-pleasant feeling not of the flesh.
"In this way he remains focused internally on feelings in and of themselves, or externally on feelings in and of themselves, or both internally and externally on feelings in and of themselves. Or he remains focused on the phenomenon of origination with regard to feelings, on the phenomenon of passing away with regard to feelings, or on the phenomenon of origination and passing away with regard to feelings. Or his mindfulness that 'There are feelings' is maintained to the extent of knowledge and remembrance. And he remains independent, unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on feelings in and of themselves.
(C. Mind)
"And how does a monk remain focused on the mind in and of itself? There is the case where a monk, when the mind has passion, discerns that the mind has passion. When the mind is without passion, he discerns that the mind is without passion. When the mind has aversion, he discerns that the mind has aversion. When the mind is without aversion, he discerns that the mind is without aversion. When the mind has delusion, he discerns that the mind has delusion. When the mind is without delusion, he discerns that the mind is without delusion.
"When the mind is restricted, he discerns that the mind is restricted. When the mind is scattered, he discerns that the mind is scattered. When the mind is enlarged, he discerns that the mind is enlarged. When the mind is not enlarged, he discerns that the mind is not enlarged. When the mind is surpassed, he discerns that the mind is surpassed. When the mind is unsurpassed, he discerns that the mind is unsurpassed. When the mind is concentrated, he discerns that the mind is concentrated. When the mind is not concentrated, he discerns that the mind is not concentrated. When the mind is released, he discerns that the mind is released. When the mind is not released, he discerns that the mind is not released.
"In this way he remains focused internally on the mind in and of itself, or externally on the mind in and of itself, or both internally and externally on the mind in and of itself. Or he remains focused on the phenomenon of origination with regard to the mind, on the phenomenon of passing away with regard to the mind, or on the phenomenon of origination and passing away with regard to the mind. Or his mindfulness that 'There is a mind' is maintained to the extent of knowledge and remembrance. And he remains independent, unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on the mind in and of itself.
(D. Mental Qualities)
"And how does a monk remain focused on mental qualities in and of themselves?
[1] "There is the case where a monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the five hindrances. And how does a monk remain focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the five hindrances? There is the case where, there being sensual desire present within, a monk discerns that 'There is sensual desire present within me.' Or, there being no sensual desire present within, he discerns that 'There is no sensual desire present within me.' He discerns how there is the arising of unarisen sensual desire. And he discerns how there is the abandoning of sensual desire once it has arisen. And he discerns how there is no further appearance in the future of sensual desire that has been abandoned. (The same formula is repeated for the remaining hindrances: ill will, sloth and drowsiness, restlessness and anxiety, and uncertainty.)
"In this way he remains focused internally on mental qualities in and of themselves, or externally on mental qualities in and of themselves, or both internally and externally on mental qualities in and of themselves. Or he remains focused on the phenomenon of origination with regard to mental qualities, on the phenomenon of passing away with regard to mental qualities, or on the phenomenon of origination and passing away with regard to mental qualities. Or his mindfulness that 'There are mental qualities' is maintained to the extent of knowledge and remembrance. And he remains independent, unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the five hindrances.
[2] "Furthermore, the monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the five aggregates for clinging/sustenance. And how does he remain focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the five aggregates for clinging/sustenance? There is the case where a monk [discerns]: 'Such is form, such its origination, such its disappearance. Such is feeling... Such is perception... Such are fabrications... Such is consciousness, such its origination, such its disappearance.'
"In this way he remains focused internally on the mental qualities in and of themselves, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the five aggregates for clinging/sustenance.
[3] "Furthermore, the monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the sixfold internal and external sense media. And how does he remain focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the sixfold internal and external sense media? There is the case where he discerns the eye, he discerns forms, he discerns the fetter that arises dependent on both. He discerns how there is the arising of an unarisen fetter. And he discerns how there is the abandoning of a fetter once it has arisen. And he discerns how there is no further appearance in the future of a fetter that has been abandoned. (The same formula is repeated for the remaining sense media: ear, nose, tongue, body, and intellect.)
"In this way he remains focused internally on the mental qualities in and of themselves, or focused externally... unsustained by anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the sixfold internal and external sense media.
[4] "Furthermore, the monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the seven factors of awakening. And how does he remain focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the seven factors of awakening? There is the case where, there being mindfulness as a factor of awakening present within, he discerns that 'Mindfulness as a factor of awakening is present within me.' Or, there being no mindfulness as a factor of awakening present within, he discerns that 'Mindfulness as a factor of awakening is not present within me.' He discerns how there is the arising of unarisen mindfulness as a factor of awakening. And he discerns how there is the culmination of the development of mindfulness as a factor of awakening once it has arisen. (The same formula is repeated for the remaining factors of awakening: analysis of qualities, persistence, rapture, serenity, concentration, and equanimity.)
"In this way he remains focused internally on mental qualities in and of themselves, or externally... unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the seven factors of awakening.
[5] "Furthermore, the monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the four noble truths. And how does he remain focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the four noble truths? There is the case where he discerns, as it is actually present, that 'This is stress... This is the origination of stress... This is the cessation of stress... This is the way leading to the cessation of stress.'
[a] "Now what is the noble truth of stress? Birth is stress, aging is stress, death is stressful; sorrow, lamentation, pain, distress, and despair are stress; association with the unbeloved is stress; separation from the loved is stress; not getting what is wanted is stress; not getting what is wanted is stress. In short, the five aggregates for clinging/sustenance are stress.
"And what is birth? Whatever birth, taking birth, descent, coming-to-be, coming-forth, appearance of aggregates, and acquisition of [sense] spheres of the various beings in this or that group of beings, that is called birth.
"And what is aging? Whatever aging, decrepitude, brokenness, graying, wrinkling, decline of life-force, weakening of the faculties of the various beings in this or that group of beings, that is called aging.
"And what is death? Whatever deceasing, passing away, breaking up, disappearance, dying, death, completion of time, break up of the aggregates, casting off of the body, interruption in the life faculty of the various beings in this or that group of beings, that is called death.
"And what is sorrow? Whatever sorrow, sorrowing, sadness, inward sorrow, inward sadness of anyone suffering from misfortune, touched by a painful thing, that is called sorrow.
"And what is lamentation? Whatever crying, grieving, lamenting, weeping, wailing, lamentation of anyone suffering from misfortune, touched by a painful thing, that is called lamentation.
"And what is pain? Whatever is experienced as bodily pain, bodily discomfort, pain or discomfort born of bodily contact, that is called pain.
"And what is distress?
"And what is despair? Whatever despair, despondency, desperation of anyone suffering from misfortune, touched by a painful thing, that is called despair.
"And what is the stress of not getting what one wants? In beings subject to birth, the wish arises, 'O, may we not be subject to birth, and may birth not come to us.' But this is not be achieved by wishing. This is the stress of not getting what one wants. In beings subject to aging... illness... death... sorrow, lamentation, pain, distress, and despair, the wish arises, 'O, may we not be subject to aging... illness... death... sorrow, lamentation, pain, distress, and despair, and may aging... illness... death... sorrow, lamentation, pain, distress, and despair not come to us.' But this is not be achieved by wishing. This is the stress of not getting what one wants.
"And what is the stress of association with the unbeloved? There is the case where undesirable, unpleasing, unattractive sights, sounds, aromas, flavors, or tactile sensations occur to one; or one has connection, contact, relationship, interaction with those who wish one ill, who wish for one's harm, who wish for one's discomfort, who wish one no security from the yoke. This is called the stress of association with the unbeloved.
"And what is the stress of separation from the loved? There is the case where desirable, pleasing, attractive sights, sounds, aromas, flavors, or tactile sensations do not occur to one; or one has no connection, no contact, no relationship, no interaction with those who wish one well, who wish for one's benefit, who wish for one's comfort, who wish one security from the yoke, nor with one's mother, father, brother, sister, friends, companions, or relatives. This is called the stress of separation from the loved.
"And what is the stress of not getting what is wanted? In beings subject to birth, the wish arises, 'O, may we not be subject to birth, and may birth not come to us.' But this is not be achieved by wishing. This is the stress of not getting what one wants. In beings subject to aging... illness... death... sorrow, lamentation, pain, distress, and despair, the wish arises, 'O, may we not be subject to aging... illness... death... sorrow, lamentation, pain, distress, and despair, and may aging... illness... death... sorrow, lamentation, pain, distress, and despair not come to us.' But this is not be achieved by wishing. This is the stress of not getting what is wanted.
"And what are the five aggregates for clinging/sustenance that, in short, are stress? Form as an aggregate for clinging/sustenance, feeling as an aggregate for clinging/sustenance, perception as an aggregate for clinging/sustenance, fabrications as an aggregate for clinging/sustenance, consciousness as an aggregate for clinging/sustenance: These are called the five aggregates for clinging/sustenance that, in short, are stress.
"This is called the noble truth of stress.
[b] "And what is the noble truth of the origination of stress? The craving that makes for further becoming -- accompanied by passion and delight, relishing now here and now there -- i.e., craving for sensuality, craving for becoming, craving for non-becoming.
"And where does this craving, when arising, arise? And where, when dwelling, does it dwell? Whatever is endearing and alluring in terms of the world: that is where this craving, when arising, arises. That is where, when dwelling, it dwells.
"And what is endearing and alluring in terms of the world? The eye is endearing and alluring in terms of the world. That is where this craving, when arising, arises. That is where, when dwelling, it dwells.
"The ear... The nose... The tongue... The body... The intellect...
"Forms... Sounds... Smells... Tastes... Tactile sensations... Ideas...
"Eye-consciousness... Ear-consciousness... Nose-consciousness... Tongue-consciousness... Body-consciousness... Intellect-consciousness...
"Eye-contact... Ear-contact... Nose-contact... Tongue-contact... Body-contact... Intellect-contact...
"Feeling born of eye-contact... Feeling born of ear-contact... Feeling born of nose-contact... Feeling born of tongue-contact... Feeling born of body-contact... Feeling born of intellect-contact...
"Perception of forms... Perception of sounds... Perception of smells... Perception of tastes... Perception of tactile sensations... Perception of ideas...
"Intention for forms... Intention for sounds... Intention for smells... Intention for tastes... Intention for tactile sensations... Intention for ideas...
"Craving for forms... Craving for sounds... Craving for smells... Craving for tastes... Craving for tactile sensations... Craving for ideas...
"Thought directed at forms... Thought directed at sounds... Thought directed at smells... Thought directed at tastes... Thought directed at tactile sensations... Thought directed at ideas...
"Evaluation of forms... Evaluation of sounds... Evaluation of smells... Evaluation of tastes... Evaluation of tactile sensations... Evaluation of ideas is endearing and alluring in terms of the world. That is where this craving, when arising, arises. That is where, when dwelling, it dwells.
"This is called the noble truth of the origination of stress.
[c] "And what is the noble truth of the cessation of stress? The remainderless fading and cessation, renunciation, relinquishment, release, and letting go of that very craving.
"And where, when being abandoned, is this craving abandoned? And where, when ceasing, does it cease? Whatever is endearing and alluring in terms of the world: that is where, when being abandoned, this craving is abandoned. That is where, when ceasing, it ceases.
"And what is endearing and alluring in terms of the world? The eye is endearing and alluring in terms of the world. That is where, when being abandoned, this craving is abandoned. That is where, when ceasing, it ceases.
"The ear... The nose... The tongue... The body... The intellect...
"Forms... Sounds... Smells... Tastes... Tactile sensations... Ideas...
"Eye-consciousness... Ear-consciousness... Nose-consciousness... Tongue-consciousness... Body-consciousness... Intellect-consciousness...
"Eye-contact... Ear-contact... Nose-contact... Tongue-contact... Body-contact... Intellect-contact...
"Feeling born of eye-contact... Feeling born of ear-contact... Feeling born of nose-contact... Feeling born of tongue-contact... Feeling born of body-contact... Feeling born of intellect-contact...
"Perception of forms... Perception of sounds... Perception of smells... Perception of tastes... Perception of tactile sensations... Perception of ideas...
"Intention for forms... Intention for sounds... Intention for smells... Intention for tastes... Intention for tactile sensations... Intention for ideas...
"Craving for forms... Craving for sounds... Craving for smells... Craving for tastes... Craving for tactile sensations... Craving for ideas...
"Thought directed at forms... Thought directed at sounds... Thought directed at smells... Thought directed at tastes... Thought directed at tactile sensations... Thought directed at ideas...
"Evaluation of forms... Evaluation of sounds... Evaluation of smells... Evaluation of tastes... Evaluation of tactile sensations... Evaluation of ideas is endearing and alluring in terms of the world. That is where, when being abandoned, this craving is abandoned. That is where, when ceasing, it ceases.
"This is called the noble truth of the cessation of stress.
[d] "And what is the noble truth of the path of practice leading to the cessation of stress? Just this very noble eightfold path: right view, right resolve, right speech, right action, right livelihood, right effort, right mindfulness, right concentration.
"And what is right view? Knowledge with regard to stress, knowledge with regard to the origination of stress, knowledge with regard to the cessation of stress, knowledge with regard to the way of practice leading to the cessation of stress: This is called right view.
"And what is right resolve? Aspiring to renunciation, to freedom from ill will, to harmlessness: This is called right resolve.
"And what is right speech? Abstaining from lying, from divisive speech, from abusive speech, and from idle chatter: This is called right speech.
"And what is right action? Abstaining from taking life, from stealing, and from sexual intercourse. This is called right action.
"And what is right livelihood? There is the case where a noble disciple, having abandoned dishonest livelihood, keeps his life going with right livelihood: This is called right livelihood.
"And what is right effort? There is the case where a monk generates desire, endeavors, arouses persistence, upholds and exerts his intent for the sake of the non-arising of evil, unskillful qualities that have not yet arisen... for the sake of the abandoning of evil, unskillful qualities that have arisen... for the sake of the arising of skillful qualities that have not yet arisen... (and) for the maintenance, non-confusion, increase, plenitude, development, and culmination of skillful qualities that have arisen: This is called right effort.
"And what is right mindfulness? There is the case where a monk remains focused on the body in and of itself -- ardent, alert, and mindful -- putting aside greed and distress with reference to the world. He remains focused on feelings in and of themselves... the mind in and of itself... mental qualities in and of themselves -- ardent, alert, and mindful -- putting aside greed and distress with reference to the world. This is called right mindfulness.
"And what is right concentration? There is the case where a monk -- quite withdrawn from sensuality, withdrawn from unskillful (mental) qualities -- enters and remains in the first jhana: rapture and pleasure born from withdrawal, accompanied by directed thought and evaluation. With the stilling of directed thought and evaluation, he enters and remains in the second jhana: rapture and pleasure born of composure, unification of awareness free from directed thought and evaluation -- internal assurance. With the fading of rapture he remains in equanimity, mindful and alert, physically sensitive of pleasure. He enters and remains in the third jhana, of which the Noble Ones declare, 'Equanimous and mindful, he has a pleasurable abiding.' With the abandoning of pleasure and pain -- as with the earlier disappearance of elation and distress -- he enters and remains in the fourth jhana: purity of equanimity and mindfulness, neither pleasure nor pain. This is called right concentration.
"This is called the noble truth of the path of practice leading to the cessation of stress.
"In this way he remains focused internally on mental qualities in and of themselves, or externally on mental qualities in and of themselves, or both internally and externally on mental qualities in and of themselves. Or he remains focused on the phenomenon of origination with regard to mental qualities, on the phenomenon of passing away with regard to mental qualities, or on the phenomenon of origination and passing away with regard to mental qualities. Or his mindfulness that 'There are mental qualities' is maintained to the extent of knowledge and remembrance. And he remains independent, unsustained by (not clinging to) anything in the world. This is how a monk remains focused on mental qualities in and of themselves with reference to the four noble truths...
(E. Conclusion)
"Now, if anyone would develop these four frames of reference in this way for seven years, one of two fruits can be expected for him: either gnosis right here and now, or -- if there be any remnant of clinging-sustenance -- non-return.
"Let alone seven years. If anyone would develop these four frames of reference in this way for six years... five... four... three... two years... one year... seven months... six months... five... four... three... two months... one month... half a month, one of two fruits can be expected for him: either gnosis right here and now, or -- if there be any remnant of clinging-sustenance -- non-return.
"Let alone half a month. If anyone would develop these four frames of reference in this way for seven days, one of two fruits can be expected for him: either gnosis right here and now, or -- if there be any remnant of clinging-sustenance -- non-return.
"'This is the direct path for the purification of beings, for the overcoming of sorrow and lamentation, for the disappearance of pain and distress, for the attainment of the right method, and for the realization of Unbinding -- in other words, the four frames of reference.' Thus was it said, and in reference to this was it said."
That is what the Blessed One said. Gratified, the monks delighted in the Blessed One's words.
[see also: Vietnamese version]
Source: http://www.accesstoinsight.org/canon/digha/dn22.html
[Mục lục Trường Bộ Kinh][Trở về trang Thư Mục]


NEVER SAY NEVER AGAIN A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 2001 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): * 1/2
Three years ago we started out our son Jeffrey, then almost 9, with his first Bond film (DR. NO) and then proceeded to see every "official" Bond picture in order right up through the latest (THE WORLD IS NOT ENOUGH). There are two Bond films that aren't part of the official Broccoli family canon -- CASINO ROYALE (1967) and NEVER SAY NEVER AGAIN (1983). (The Broccoli family, the producers of the Bond series, guard the rights like Dobermans.) We saved these two offshoots until after we had seen the "real" Bond pictures. The two are pretty terrible. CASINO ROYALE was so awful that I still haven't gotten around to writing a review of it.
NEVER SAY NEVER AGAIN begs the question of whether we are ready to feel sorry for James Bond. Do we want a Bond who is unsure of himself?  And do we want Sean Connery, in his last appearance as 007, to impersonate a B-movie actor playing the role? I think not.
This time, a way-past-his-prime Bond is off to a "health farm", sent there by M (Edward Fox, all of the supporting cast is different). He is sent there to rid himself of "free radicals" in his system
Director Irvin Kershner can't manage to get a decent performance out of any of the cast, but, given how incredibly weak Lorenzo Semple Jr.'s script is, maybe it was hopeless. The by-the-numbers script, which is a lame remake of THUNDERBALL, has SPECTRE stealing two nuclear bombs to use in a big extortion scheme.
Long, hackneyed fight sequences drag on and on, and the special effects are nothing to write home about. Typical of what passes for a surprise in the unimaginative script is a pet snake thrown in the front seat of a car in order to cause an accident by distracting the driver.
Even the Bond film's signature opening title sequence is completely missing. And the dull music throughout isn't worthy of a Bond movie.
"I certainly hope we're going to have some gratuitous sex and violence," Q (Alec McCowen) tells 007. "I hope so too," he replies. In NEVER SAY NEVER AGAIN, we get these standard ingredients but the results are as flat as bread without yeast. Bond movies should first and foremost be fun.
 It is rated PG for sexual situations and violence and would be acceptable for kids around 9 and up.
 He gave it ** only, he said, "because it was a Bond." He complained about everything from the horrible music to the long, boring fights. He said that it just didn't feel at all like a Bond film.
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tmvtnorm: Truncated Multivariate Normal and Student t Distribution
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An escrow key, stored in a safe place, can protect against data loss by allowing you to restore a backup even if you passphrase protect the encryption secret and then forget the passphrase.
If you don't use passphrase protection, you don't need an escrow key. Your data is still encrypted, but the key exchange is managed transparently by the Hub.
If the system you backed up is still available, you can set a new passphrase in the TKLBAM Webmin interface without needing to know the old passphrase.
Otherwise, if you've forgotten the passphrase and don't have an escrow key nobody can help you. The encryption key for a backup is generated locally on your server and we designed passphrase protection to use special cryptographic countermeasures to make typical cracking techniques (e.g., dictionary attacks) very difficult even for an attacker with access to massive computer resources.
Next time we recommend you save an escrow key somewhere safe or don't set a passphrase.


cst-brands
Businessmodel of CST Brands
Customer Segments
CST Brands serves a range of commercial, residential, and individual customers across its three operating segments. The Company’s customers can be arranged into three principal categories:
- Individual, including individual consumers that purchase products and service through the Company’s network of convenience retail outlets;
- Residential, including individual residential customers and families to which the Company sells heating oil; and
- Commercial, principally including the Company’s wholesale customers, such as trucking and transport companies, fleet operators, and other commercial operators; and
- Distributors, including the Company’s network of affiliated and independent dealers, and commission agents. The majority of CST Brands’s retail sites are located in metropolitan areas where there are high concentrations of consumers, with daily commuters comprising a significant portion of the Company’s individual retail customers.
CST Brands principally serves customers in its domestic market of the US. It also serves a significant number of customers in Canada.
Value Propositions
CST Brands provides value to its customers in the following ways:
- Its broad range of services, with the Company providing a broad range of products and services to variety of customers, including food and convenience merchandise sold to consumers, and fuel products sold to residential and commercial customers;
- Its extensive service network, with the Company operating an extensive network of retail outlets across the US and Canada that serve metropolitan populations, as well as dedicated wholesale sales teams;
- Its brand recognition, with the Company controlling several well-known brands in its operating markets, including stores under the Nice n Easy, Flash Foods, and Corner Store brands, and services under the CrossAmerica name; and
- Its commitment to innovation, with the Company committed to finding innovative processes and creative approaches to providing products and services to its customers across its three core operating segments. ### Channels
CST Brands operates a website at www.cstbrands.com, through which it provides information on its various brands, operating units, and corporate activities. The Company also operates separate websites for its various brands, including www.flashfoods.com and www.cornerstore.com, which provide ,ore detailed information on the operations of its individual operating units. The Company does not appear to operate any online sales channels. Both its Fresh Foods and Corner Store brands do, however, provide mobile apps for iOS, Android, and Blackberry devices that provide store location services, deals, and contact tools.
CST Brands operates an extensive network of retail outlets across the US and Canada, through which it serves customers directly. This includes 1,049 convenience stores located in Arkansas, Arizona, California, Colorado, Louisiana, New Mexico, New York, Oklahoma, Texas and Wyoming, as well as 303 convenience stores across Canada. The Company also operates through 115 CrossAmerica retail sites, and a number of cardlocks, and commission agents in Canada.
CST Brands additionally operates dedicated wholesale teas for its fuel business, primarily in the US. These wholesale teams work directly with customers, operating out of the Company’s network of offices across the US and Canada.
Customer Relationships
CST Brands provides a selection of services and tools to its customers that can be accessed on a self-service basis through the Company’s various branded websites and mobile applications. These channels enable customers to locate stores, access tools and resources, and access deals without interacting directly with members of the Company’s sales and service personnel.
CST Brands’s in-store sales staff are able to provide personalised assistance to customers, handling queries and complaints, and advising customers on products and services. The Company’s business model is designed to encourage repeat business from its retail customers. CST Brands operates separate dedicated sales teams for its fuel businesses. These sales personnel consult directly with customers in order to establish the details of each individual sales and distribution contract, often making long-term agreements.
CST Brands provides support to its customers through its various websites, with customers able to contact the Company directly over the phone or online in order to receive personalised responses to enquiries and queries. The Company and its brands additionally operate a number of social media accounts – including with Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram – through which it is able to interact with customers directly.
Key Activities
CST Brands operates as a holding company. The Company is an independent retailer of motor fuel and operator of various convenience merchandise retailers across the US and eastern Canada.
The Company aligns its operations into three reportable business segments: US Retail, which is engaged in the sale of motor fuel, food and convenience merchandise, and the provision of related services; Canadian Retail, which includes the Company’s operation of convenience stores, commission agents, cardlocks and heating oil operations across Canada; and CrossAmerica, which distributes motor fuel to lessee dealers, independent dealers, affiliated dealers, and sub-wholesalers. The Company provides services to individual consumers, residential customers, commercial operators, and industrial businesses.
Key Partners
CST Brands works in collaboration with a broad network of partners companies that provide services in support of the Company’s various retail and distribution activities. These partners can be organised broadly into the following categories:
- Supplier and Vendor Partners, including suppliers of convenience merchandise, fuel, and other goods that are sold by the Company to its customers, as well as suppliers of services, equipment, and technologies that support the Company’s more broadly across its operating segments;
- Distribution and Channel Partners, including various independent third parties that are involved in the Company’s retail and distribution operations, including operators at its various commission agent locations in Canada;
- Strategic and Alliance Partners, including various leading companies across multiple business segments, with which the Company collaborates in joint marketing and branding projects, and other corporate ventures. CST Brands has an agreement in place with grocery distributor Core-Mark International to provide merchandising expertise, purchasing power and efficient distribution services to the Company’s US Retail segment.
Key Resources
CST Brands’s key resources are its brands and intellectual properties, its merchandise and supply chain, its network of retail outlets, its IT and communications infrastructure, its sales and distribution channels, its partnerships, and its personnel.
CST Brands owns a number of trademarks and service marks that it considers material to its ongoing operations. This notably includes the various brands owned by the Company or its subsidiaries, or licensed from third parties, under which the Company sells goods and services in its US Retail and Canadian Retail segments, such as CST, Cibolo Mountain, Corner Store, Fresh Choices, Flavors2Go, U Force, Ultramart, and Dépanneur du Coin.
CST Brands also owns and or leases a number of physical properties across the US and Canada. This notably includes the Company’s extensive network of retail site, including 1,036 outlets in the US and 869 outlets in Canada.
Cost Structure
CST Brands incurs costs in relation to the procurement of supplies and professional services, the operation of its retail network, the development and maintenance of its IT and communications infrastructure, the operation of its sales and distribution channels, the management of its partnerships, the implementation of marketing and promotional campaigns, and the retention of its personnel.
In 2015 CST Brands recorded total cost of sales in the amount of $10.06 billion and total operating costs of $1.13 billion. These operating costs included general and administrative expense totalling $175 million, and general operating expenses totalling $741 million.
Revenue Streams
CST Brands generates revenue through the operation of an extensive network of convenience stores across the US and Canada, as well as the operation go a dedicated motor fuel wholesale business. The Company derives revenue primarily in the form of retail and wholesale sales to individual, commercial, and industrial customers.
In 2015 CST Brands generated total operating revenue in the amount of $11.44 billion, down on the 12.75 billion recorded by the Company in 2014. This decrease in revenue was attributed in part to a general decrease in the retail price per gallon of motor fuel. The majority of the Company’s revenue was generated by its US Retail segment, which alone recorded operating revenue for the year of $5.98 billion. The Canadian Retail segment generated $3.39 billion.


brevitas.core.function_wrapper package#
Submodules#
brevitas.core.function_wrapper.clamp module#
ScriptModule wrappers for various variants of clamping.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.clamp.ClampMin(min_val)[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
clamp_min()
.Examples
>>> clamp_min = ClampMin(min_val=-2.0) >>> clamp_min(torch.tensor(-3.0)) tensor(-2.)
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.clamp.ScalarClamp(min_val, max_val)[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
clamp()
.Examples
>>> scalar_clamp = ScalarClamp(min_val=-2.0, max_val=2.0) >>> scalar_clamp(torch.tensor([-3.0, 3.0])) tensor([-2., 2.])
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.clamp.TensorClamp[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
tensor_clamp()
.Examples
>>> tensor_clamp = TensorClamp() >>> min_val = torch.tensor(-2.0) >>> max_val = torch.tensor(2.0) >>> tensor_clamp(torch.tensor([-3.0, 3.0]), min_val, max_val) tensor([-2., 2.])
- forward(x, min_val, max_val)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
brevitas.core.function_wrapper.misc module#
A collection of miscellaneous ScriptModule used in various quantizers.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.misc.Identity[source]#
Bases:
Module
Identity ScriptModule.
Examples
>>> identity = Identity() >>> x = torch.randn(size=[10,]) >>> y = identity(x) >>> y is x True
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.- Return type:
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.misc.InplaceLogTwo[source]#
Bases:
Module
Module wrapper for
log2_()
.Examples
>>> inplace_log_two = InplaceLogTwo() >>> x = torch.tensor(8.0) >>> inplace_log_two(x) >>> x tensor(3.)
Notes
Inplace operations in TorchScript can be problematic, compilation is disabled.
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.- Return type:
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.misc.LogTwo[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
log2()
.Examples
>>> log_two = LogTwo() >>> x = torch.tensor(8.0) >>> log_two(x) tensor(3.)
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.- Return type:
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.misc.PowerOfTwo[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule implementation of 2.0 ** x.
Examples
>>> power_of_two = PowerOfTwo() >>> x = torch.tensor(5.0) >>> power_of_two(x) tensor(32.)
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.- Return type:
brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste module#
ScriptModule wrappers of various functions defined in ops_ste
.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste.CeilSte[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
ceil_ste()
.- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste.DPURoundSte[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
dpu_round_ste()
.- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste.FloorSte[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
floor_ste()
.- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste.InplaceTensorClampSte[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
tensor_clamp_ste_()
.- forward(x, min_val, max_val)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste.RoundSte[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
round_ste()
.- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste.RoundToZeroSte[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
round_to_zero_ste()
.- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste.ScalarClampMinSte(min_val)[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
scalar_clamp_min_ste()
.- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.ops_ste.TensorClampSte[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule wrapper for
tensor_clamp_ste()
.- forward(x, min_val, max_val)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
brevitas.core.function_wrapper.shape module#
ScriptModule classes to compute the view of a tensor according to various different criteria.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.shape.OverBatchOverOutputChannelView[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptModule to compute the
over_batch_over_output_channels()
view of an input tensor.Examples
>>> view_module = OverBatchOverOutputChannelView() >>> y = view_module(torch.empty(size=[8, 10, 5, 5])) >>> y.shape torch.Size([8, 10, 25])
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.shape.OverBatchOverTensorView[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptMoodule to compute the
over_batch_over_tensor()
view of an input tensor.Examples
>>> view_module = OverBatchOverTensorView() >>> y = view_module(torch.empty(size=[8, 10, 5, 5])) >>> y.shape torch.Size([8, 250])
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.shape.OverOutputChannelView(permute_dims)[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptMoodule to compute the
over_output_channels()
view of an input tensor.Examples
>>> view_module = OverOutputChannelView(permute_dims=None) >>> y = view_module(torch.empty(size=[16, 8, 5, 5])) >>> y.shape torch.Size([16, 200])
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.shape.OverTensorView[source]#
Bases:
Module
ScriptMoodule to compute the
over_tensor()
view of an input tensor.Examples
>>> view_module = OverTensorView() >>> y = view_module(torch.empty(size=[16, 6, 5, 5])) >>> y.shape torch.Size([2400])
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.shape.PermuteDims(permute_dims)[source]#
Bases:
Module
- forward(x)[source]#
Defines the computation performed at every call.
Should be overridden by all subclasses.
Note
Although the recipe for forward pass needs to be defined within this function, one should call the
Module
instance afterwards instead of this since the former takes care of running the registered hooks while the latter silently ignores them.
- class brevitas.core.function_wrapper.shape.StatsInputViewShapeImpl[source]#
Bases:
object
Enum-like object to collect pointers to variants of ScriptModules that perform a view on a tensor. All adhere to the same interface.
- OVER_BATCH_OVER_OUTPUT_CHANNELS#
alias of
OverBatchOverOutputChannelView
- OVER_BATCH_OVER_TENSOR#
alias of
OverBatchOverTensorView
- OVER_OUTPUT_CHANNELS#
alias of
OverOutputChannelView
- OVER_TENSOR#
alias of
OverTensorView


------ title: "Docs: animation" layout: docs2 ------
Animation
is the base class (type) for both the Tweens
, and Tweenlines
.
It has the necesary functions to play, pause, and control the state of the animation.
Also, it has the majority of setters and getters functions.
You can't create an Animation instance. You need to use one of the following
functions to create an instance of the Tween
or Tweenline
subclasses.
These functions, all retun instances of the Tween
subclass:
tween_to
, tween_from
, tween_fromto
tween_set
tween_stager_from
, tween_stager_to
, tween_stager_fromto
tweenline_to
, tweenline_from
, tweenline_fromto
tweenline_set
tweenline_stager_from
, tweenline_stager_to
, tweenline_stager_fromto
The function tweenline_create
, returns an instance of the Twenline
subclass.
First create any tween or tweenline. For example, to create a simple tween:
tween = tween_to(obj_player, 10, ["x", 100]);
Then, you can use the Animation anim_*
functions to control your tween (or tweenline) instance:
anim_pause(tween);
Some functions are specific to the Tween
or Tweenline
subclasses. So, you need to use
the tween_*
or tweenline_*
functions in that case.
The VARS Array is a special array defining the starting value for each variable that should
be tweened (SETTERS) as well as any special properties like "yoyo", "repeat", "ease", etc. (special VARS).
For example, to tween the obj_enemy
from the current position to x = 100
and y = 200
with a bouncy easing effect and a duration of 1 second, you can use this this:
tweenline_to( obj_enemy, 1, ["x",100, "y",200, "ease", ease_bounceout]);
As you can see, the vars array has the folowing syntax:
[
"SETTER_name", value,
"other_SETTER", value,
"etc_SETTER", value,
"special_VARS_name", value
]
Line breaks are only for visualization purposes. You can write the entire array in one line. You can mix SETTERS names and special VARS names.
Other example: tween obj_player's alpha to zero while stretching in both x and y.
tweenline_to( obj_player, 2.5, ["xscale",1.2, "yscale",2, "alpha", 0]);
Below is a full list of special properties you can specify on vars argument.
Note that all special properties and events properties are available to
both Tweens and Tweenlines, except the "ease"
property that are available
only for Tweens.
"ease"
[script]
You can choose from various eases to control the rate of change during the animation, giving it a
specific "feel". For example, ease_elasticout or ease_stronginout.
For best performance, use one of the Tweenline eases included in the "ease" folder with this extension.
For linear animation, use the Tweenline ease_linear ease.
The default ease is ease_quadout. (You can always change the default easing script with
the tween_system_set_default_ease(ease) function)
"paused"
[Boolean]
If true, the tween will pause itself immediately upon creation.
"useframes"
[Boolean]
If var_useframes is true, the tweens's timing will be based on frames instead of seconds. This causes both its
duration and delay to be based on frames. An animations's timing mode is always determined by its parent timeline.
"repeat"
[Integer]
Number of times that the animation should repeat after its first iteration. For example, if "repeat"
is 1
, the
animation will play a total of twice (the initial play plus 1 repeat). To repeat indefinitely, use -1
. "repeat"
should always be an integer.
"repeatdelay"
[Real]
Amount of time in seconds (or frames for frames-based tweens) between repeats. For example, if "repeat"
is 2
and
"repeatdelay"
is 1
, the animation will play initially, then wait for 1 second before it repeats, then play
again, then wait 1 second again before doing its final repeat.
"yoyo"
[Boolean]
If true
, every other repeat cycle will run in the opposite direction so that the tween appears to go back and
forth (forward then backward).
So if repeat is 2 and yoyo isfalse, it will look like:
start - 1 - 2 - 3 - 1 - 2 - 3 - 1 - 2 - 3 - end.
But if yoyo is true, it will look like:
start - 1 - 2 - 3 - 3 - 2 - 1 - 1 - 2 - 3 - end.
"patrol"
[Boolean]
Patrol it's a shorhand way of set "repeat"
to -1
and "yoyo"
to true
. If true
, every other repeat cycle
will run in the opposite direction so that the tween appears to go back and
forth indefinitely (forward then backward).
"loop"
[Boolean]
If true
, it has the same effect as set "repeat"
to -1
. The Tween or Tweenline will loop indefinitely.
"persistent"
[Boolean]
If you set any Tween or Tweenline as persistent, it will NOT be cleared when the room changes. It is useful
When you are making an animation with instances that are persistent. You can learn more about persistent instances
on the GameMaker Studio manual page.
Below is a full list of special properties you can specify on vars argument to define events for the Tweens or Tweenlines animations.
// Executes scr_myscript("param1", "param2") when the tween completes.
tween_to(id, 2, ["oncomplete", scr_myscript, "oncompleteparams", ["param1", "param2"]]);
To self-reference the id of the tween instance itself in one of the parameters, use "{self}", like:
// Executes scr_myscript(<the Tween instance here>, "param2") on each step of the tween
tween_to(id, 2, array("onupdate", scr_myscript, "onupdateparams", ["{self}", "param2"]]);
If you pass a non array type of argument, the value will be passed as a single argument for the script:
// Executes scr_myscript(my_only_argument) when the tween starts
tween_to(id, 2, ["onstart", scr_myscript, "onstartparams", my_only_argument ]);
If you use the special string "user0"
to "user15"
in one callback event, then, the correspondient User Defined Event will be fired instead.
// Fires the "Event user 2" when the tweens completes
tween_to(id, 2, ["oncomplete", "user2" ]);
If you use the special string "lazy"
in one callback event, then, the Animation event will be marked as a Lazy event. You can learn about Lazy events on the animation/lazy_events folder.
// Mark the "oncomplete" event of the tween as a lazy event (This code is, for example, on the create event)
tween = tween_to(id, 2, ["oncomplete", "lazy" ]);
// Then on the STEP event you can do:
if (tween_oncomplete(tween)) {
// your "oncomplete" code goes here.
show_debug_message("The tween is complete");
}
"oncomplete"
[Callback Script]
A script that should be called when the timeline has completed.
"onreversecomplete"
[Callback Script]
A function that should be called when the Tween/Tweenline has reached its beginning
again from the reverse direction. For example, if anim_reverse()
is called, the Tween timeline will move back towards its beginning and when its time
reaches 0, the passed script to "onreversecomplete"
will be called. This can also happen if
the timeline is placed in a Tweenline timeline that gets reversed and plays the
timeline backwards to (or past) the beginning.
"onupdate"
[Callback Script]
A script that should be called every time the Tween/Tweenline updates (on every
frame while the timeline is active)
"onstart"
[Callback Script]
A script that should be called when the Tween/Tweenline begins (when its time
changes from 0 to some other value which can happen more than once if
the timeline is restarted multiple times).
"onrepeat"
[Callback Script]
A function that should be called each time the Tween/Tweenline repeats.
"onreversecompleteparams"
[Array for multiple arguments, other value type for only one argument]
An Array of parameters to pass the "onreversecomplete" script.
"onupdateparams"
[Array for multiple arguments, other value type for only one argument]
An Array of parameters to pass the "onupdate" script.
"oncompleteparams"
[Array for multiple arguments, other value type for only one argument]
An Array of parameters to pass the "oncomplete" script.
"onstartparms"
[Array for multiple arguments, other value type for only one argument]
An Array of parameters to pass the "onstart" script.
"onrepeatparms"
[Array for multiple arguments, other value type for only one argument]
An Array of parameters to pass the "onrepeat" script.


Information
Hexabin is a RESTful API that converts and serves well formatted binary, hexadecimal, octal, and decimal values. It can be used without any API token, membership, registration or payment. Usage and implementation of the API is very simple. It supports multiple filters to get the specific values you need.


|
MyoBridge Library
1.0
A high-level Arduino library to work with MyoBridge Firmware for the HM-11 SoC.
|
These functions represent the basic functionality of the MyoBridge library and are designed to be easy to use. More...
Functions | |
| MyoBridge::MyoBridge (Stream &serialConnection, byte resetPin=255) | |
| Create a MyoBridge object. More... | |
| MyoBridgeSignal | MyoBridge::begin (void(*conConnectionEvent)(MyoConnectionStatus)=NULL) |
| Wait for the MyoBridge to connect to the MyoArmband and retrieve initial data. More... | |
| MyoBridgeSignal | MyoBridge::update () |
| Update the communication with the MyoBridge module. More... | |
| short | MyoBridge::getFirmwareMajor () |
| Get the major number of the firmware version. More... | |
| short | MyoBridge::getFirmwareMinor () |
| Get the minor number of the firmware version. More... | |
| short | MyoBridge::getFirmwarePatch () |
| Get the patch number of the firmware version. More... | |
| short | MyoBridge::getHardwareRevision () |
| Get the hardware revision of the myo armband. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::getHardwareAddress (byte array_of_six_bytes[6]) |
| Get the hardware (MAC) address of the myo. More... | |
| MyoPose | MyoBridge::getUnlockPose () |
| The pose used for unlocking. More... | |
| byte | MyoBridge::getBatteryLevel () |
| Get the current battery level of the Myo Armband. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::setIMUMode (MyoIMUMode mode) |
| sets the IMU data mode. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::setEMGMode (MyoEMGMode mode) |
| sets the EMG data mode. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::enablePoseData () |
| enables pose data. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::disablePoseData () |
| enables pose data. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::unlockMyo () |
| unlocks the myo so pose data can be sent. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::lockMyo () |
| locks the myo. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::disableSleep () |
| disables sleep mode. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::enableSleep () |
| enables sleep mode. More... | |
| void | MyoBridge::vibrate (byte type) |
| send a vibration command to the Myo. More... | |
These functions represent the basic functionality of the MyoBridge library and are designed to be easy to use.
| MyoBridgeSignal MyoBridge::begin | ( | void(*)(MyoConnectionStatus) | conConnectionEvent = NULL | ) |
Wait for the MyoBridge to connect to the MyoArmband and retrieve initial data.
| conConnectionEvent | [optional] Callback function to deliver verbose information during during the connection process. |
| void MyoBridge::disablePoseData | ( | ) |
enables pose data.
| void MyoBridge::disableSleep | ( | ) |
disables sleep mode.
This prevents Myo from entering sleep mode when connected.
| void MyoBridge::enablePoseData | ( | ) |
enables pose data.
| void MyoBridge::enableSleep | ( | ) |
enables sleep mode.
enables sleep mode
Myo goes to leep if not synced and not moving.
| byte MyoBridge::getBatteryLevel | ( | ) |
Get the current battery level of the Myo Armband.
Values in percent from 0-100.
| short MyoBridge::getFirmwareMajor | ( | ) |
Get the major number of the firmware version.
| short MyoBridge::getFirmwareMinor | ( | ) |
Get the minor number of the firmware version.
| short MyoBridge::getFirmwarePatch | ( | ) |
Get the patch number of the firmware version.
| void MyoBridge::getHardwareAddress | ( | byte | array_of_six_bytes[6] | ) |
Get the hardware (MAC) address of the myo.
| array_of_six_bytes | The hardware address will be stored in a 6-Byte long array. |
| short MyoBridge::getHardwareRevision | ( | ) |
Get the hardware revision of the myo armband.
| MyoPose MyoBridge::getUnlockPose | ( | ) |
The pose used for unlocking.
| void MyoBridge::lockMyo | ( | ) |
locks the myo.
No pose data can be sent.
| MyoBridge::MyoBridge | ( | Stream & | serialConnection, |
| byte | resetPin = 255 |
||
| ) |
Create a MyoBridge object.
This object stores all data needed and provices functions to control and access the data provided my the MyoArmband.
| serialConnection | The serial connection to use. Can be software serial. |
| resetPin | [optional] When this pin is specified, it is used to reset the Bluetooth module if it does not behave or respond correctly. It must be connected to the module's reset pin and cannot be used for other purposes. |
| void MyoBridge::setEMGMode | ( | MyoEMGMode | mode | ) |
sets the EMG data mode.
| void MyoBridge::setIMUMode | ( | MyoIMUMode | mode | ) |
sets the IMU data mode.
| void MyoBridge::unlockMyo | ( | ) |
unlocks the myo so pose data can be sent.
| MyoBridgeSignal MyoBridge::update | ( | ) |
Update the communication with the MyoBridge module.
Call as often as possible! The loop function is a appropiate position. This function checks the serial connection for new data, and keeps the library up to date. You can only receive data if you call this function frequently. If you dont, the receive buffer of the serial connection might overflow and cause serious issues.
| void MyoBridge::vibrate | ( | byte | type | ) |
send a vibration command to the Myo.
| type | Vibration type. 0: None, 1: Short, 2: Medium, 3: Long |


Provides additional data sets, methods and documentation to complement the 'vcd' package for Visualizing Categorical Data
and the 'gnm' package for Generalized Nonlinear Models.
In particular, 'vcdExtra' extends mosaic, assoc and sieve plots from 'vcd' to handle 'glm()' and 'gnm()' models and
adds a 3D version in 'mosaic3d'. Additionally, methods are provided for comparing and visualizing lists of
'glm' and 'loglm' objects. This package is now a support package for the book, "Discrete Data Analysis with R" by
Michael Friendly and David Meyer.
| Version: |
0.7-1 |
| Depends: |
R (≥ 2.10), vcd, gnm (≥ 1.0.3), grid |
| Imports: |
MASS, grDevices, stats, utils, ca |
| Suggests: |
gmodels, Fahrmeir, effects, VGAM, plyr, lmtest, nnet, ggplot2, Sleuth2, car, lattice, stats4, rgl, AER |
| Published: |
2017-09-29 |
| Author: |
Michael Friendly [aut, cre],
Heather Turner [ctb],
Achim Zeileis [ctb],
Duncan Murdoch [ctb],
David Firth [ctb] |
| Maintainer: |
Michael Friendly <friendly at yorku.ca> |
| BugReports: |
https://github.com/friendly/vcdExtra |
| License: |
GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| URL: |
https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=vcdExtra |
| NeedsCompilation: |
no |
| Materials: |
README NEWS |
| CRAN checks: |
vcdExtra results |


| Parameters: |
- method –
Optimization methods. Possible values are:
“Minimize” -> minimize by Carl Rasmussen (python implementation of “minimize” in GPML)
“CG” -> conjugent gradient
“BFGS” -> quasi-Newton method of Broyden, Fletcher, Goldfarb, and Shanno (BFGS)
“SCG” -> scaled conjugent gradient (faster than CG)
- num_restarts – Set if you want to run mulitiple times of optimization with different initial guess.
It specifys the maximum number of runs/restarts/trials.
- min_threshold – Set if you want to run mulitiple times of optimization with different initial guess.
It specifys the threshold of objective function value. Stop optimization when this value is reached.
- meanRange – The range of initial guess for mean hyperparameters.
e.g. meanRange = [(-2,2), (-5,5), (0,1)].
Each tuple specifys the range (low, high) of this hyperparameter,
This is only the range of initial guess, during optimization process, optimal hyperparameters may go out of this range.
(-5,5) for each hyperparameter by default.
- covRange – The range of initial guess for kernel hyperparameters. Usage see meanRange
- likRange – The range of initial guess for likelihood hyperparameters. Usage see meanRange
|


First list
Last list
Fixed color paragraph.
Color changed paragraph.
Fixed color paragraph.
Insert a new list item
Remove alert event when clicking a list


{%extends "base.html"%} {%block content%}
WHOOOPS we can't find that page
Navigate back to the home to proceed


/satfootprints
Returns satellite footprints as polygon. Foot prints crossing 180 lon are excluded for now.
Parameters
- f : Format (json, geojson, txt (default))
- names: Comma separated list of Satellite Names. You can end with * to get Satellites staring with prefix (e.g. GPS*).
- nums: Comma separated list of Satellite Nums. If Nums is specified Names are ignored.
Formats
- json: JSON Array
- ndjson: Newline Delimited JSON. Each line is a valid JSON object
- geojson: Valid GeoJSON
- txt: Pipe delimited values. Each event is new line delimited
Fields in Order Returned
- name: Satellite Name
- num: Satellite Number
- geometry: polygon
- npts: Number of points in the polygon (20 - 500) defaults to 50.
- t: Epoch Time to return
Examples
- Delimited
- JSON
- NDJSON
- GEOJSON


Bristol curry house in running to be named one of UK's best at British Curry Awards 2019
It's the only restaurant in the city to be nominated
by Robin MurrayA Bristol curry house is in the running to be crowned one of the best in the UK at a prestigious awards event.
Urban Tandoor is certainly no stranger to awards having picked up numerous accolades in recent years and next week it could add to its glistening trophy cabinet.
The Small Street restaurant, run by Sujith D'almeida, has been shortlisted for Best Restaurant in the South West at the British Curry Awards, held in association with Just Eat.
It was in contention to win the award last year too but was pipped to the post by Koloshi in Cheltenham.
The Bristol restaurant will be among the finest from across the UK to attend the ceremony at Battersea Evolution on November 25, in the hope of being recognised as the best in the region.
Sujith said: "We are very happy to be nominated at this prestigious curry awards for the third time in a row, considering it is the Oscars of the curry industry we are honoured to participate once again.
"The Urban Tandoor team is excited and we hope we can bring the trophy to Bristol this time.
"As always, we would like to say a big thank you to all our guests and staff."
About the British Curry Awards
This year marks the 15th anniversary of the British Curry Awards.
The ceremony will once again welcome a guest list of leading names from the worlds of politics, sport, film, television and entertainment alongside celebrity chefs, curry house owners and their staff from across the country.
Former attendees have included high profile guests such as Boris Johnson, David Cameron, Theresa May, David Seaman, Russell Brand and Heston Blumenthal.
British Curry Awards founder Enam Ali MBE said: "I am so very grateful to local curry restaurant diners who, every year, take the effort to nominate their favourite restaurants for the British Curry Awards, and who provide us with their vital feedback, letting us know about the best service, the best curry cuisine and other factors for consideration.
"Only with their feedback can their local restaurants also continue to optimise quality of the service they provide.
"It is the opinions and feedback of local diners that is paramount, and of far more significance that a critic’s review or a Michelin star rating."
Follow Discover Bristol
We have a dedicated Facebook page for all the latest on where to drink, eat, go out and events across Bristol.
From the best food and drink deals to exclusive sneak peeks at new restaurants and bars, gig reviews and weekend plans - Discover Bristol has got you covered.
You can follow the page here for all the latest news.
For the latest news in and around Bristol, visit and bookmark Bristol Live's homepage.


|
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Downloads
Current Version
Release notes
Cmajor 4.3.0 for Windows x64 Setup (SourceForge)
Cmajor 4.3.0 for Windows x64 Setup (GitHub)
Cmajor 4.3.0 Pre-Built Binaries for x86_64 Ubuntu 20.04 (SourceForge)
Cmajor 4.3.0 Pre-Built Binaries for x86_64 Ubuntu 20.04 (GitHub)
Cmajor 4.3.0 source code with unicode db (SourceForge)
Cmajor 4.3.0 source code with unicode db (GitHub)
Previous Versions
SourceForge
GitHub
Release notes of previous versions
4.2.0
4.1.0
4.0.0
3.10.0
3.9.0
3.8.0
3.7.1
3.7.0
3.6.0
3.5.0
3.4.0
3.3.0


3 references to SetPreProcess
Microsoft.Management.Infrastructure.CimCmdlets (3)
CimGetInstance.cs (3)
97
SetPreProcess
(proxy, cmdlet as GetCimInstanceCommand);
112
SetPreProcess
(proxy, cmdlet as GetCimInstanceCommand);
128
SetPreProcess
(proxy, cmdlet as GetCimInstanceCommand);


Redisence
Presence in Redis
One of the most important and resource intensive operation in chat systems is handling user presence.
Because in order to start the chat one should provide the presence information.
And keeping this data up-to-date is another challenge.
There are 3 main parts for handling user presence,
* Notification
* Persistency
* Data source
Starting with number one:
If we calculate the message count with a standart architecture for sending notifications to the online users:
count = (online user count) * (channel participant count) * (events), since every part is a
multiplication even increasing by one will cause huge effects.
Number two:
Transient presence data should be commited and updated regularly, after an inactive duration presence data should be set to offline
either by the application or by the persistency layer
Number three:
Online clients should notify the presence system with their unique identifier repeatedly. We can call it as heartbeat.
With this package i am gonna try to handle the persistency layer for user presence.
For usage see examples below or go to godoc page.
Install and Usage
Install the package with:
go get github.com/siesta/redisence
Import it with:
import "github.com/siesta/redisence"
Examples
Initialization of a new Redisence
// create a presence system
backend, err := NewRedis(serverAddr, dbNumber, timeoutDuration)
if err != nil {
return err
}
s, err := New(backend)
if err != nil {
return err
}
Basic Operations
// send online presence data to system - user log in
s.Online("id")
s.Online("id2")
// send offline presence data to system - user log out
s.Offline("id")
s.Offline("id2")
// get status of some ids
status, err := s.Status([]string{"id20", "id21"}...)
if err != nil {
return err
}
for _, st := range status {
if st.Status != Offline {
//....
}
}
Listening for events
go func() {
s.Online("id")
time.Sleep(time.Second * 1)
s.Online("id")
s.Online("id2")
}()
// start listening to them
for event := range s.ListenStatusChanges() {
switch event.Status {
case Online:
// ....
case Offline:
// ....
}
}
Redis configuration
To get the events from the redis database we should uptade the redis config with the following data
redis-cli config set notify-keyspace-events Ex$
Or
set in redis.conf
notify-keyspace-events "Ex$"
for more info http://redis.io/topics/notifications
License
The MIT License (MIT) - see LICENSE for more details


API
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
Simple API structure
let api = Fire.API(appending: ...)
api.request(... { (_, _ , _) in
// ...
})
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Declaration
Swift
public var description: String
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public struct API: CustomStringConvertible


{% extends "themes/blog.html" %} {% block title %} GreyAdv Blog {% endblock %} {% block navigation %}
We've started writing weekly on topics that we think would interest SMBs. If you have any suggestions for what to cover, send us a message at d@greyadv.com!


Implementation advice
When an error occurs:
- add a 5px red left border to the field with the error
- the error message be red and bold and appear after the question
-
the error message must sit inside the
<legend>
- show an error summary at the top of the page
-
move keyboard focus to the start of the summary
to move keyboard focus, put
tabindex="-1"
on the containing div and useobj.focus()
-
indicate to screenreaders that the summary represents a collection of information
add the ARIA
role="group"
to the containingdiv
- use a heading at the top of the summary
-
associate the heading with the summary box
use the ARIA attribute
aria-labelledby
on the containingdiv
, so that screen readers will automatically announce the heading as soon as focus is moved to the div - link from the error list in the summary to the fields with errors
- show an error message before each field with an error
-
associate each error message with the corresponding field
add an ID to each error message and associate this with the field using
aria-describedby
Also consider using the aria-invalid
attribute to programmatically indicate that a field has an error. The value of the aria-invalid attribute will vary depending on the type of error.


Secured Network Startup Perimeter 81 Raises $10 Million
Formerly known as SaferVPN, Perimeter 81 develops a private, cloud-based firewall and secured network for businesses
by Meir OrbachTel Aviv-based secured network startup Perimeter 81, registered as Safer Social Ltd., has raised a $10 million funding round, the company announced Thursday. The round was led by California-based network security company SonicWALL LLC with participation from Spring Ventures and additional private investors. Perimeter 81 has raised $17 million to date.
Founded in 2013 and formerly known as SaferVPN, Perimeter 81 develops a private, cloud-based firewall and secured network for businesses. The company currently employs 52 people in Tel Aviv and New York.
The company intends to use the funding to expand its team and its product offering.


Shiv Nadar University
Alankrit Bhutani
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| 888034919
| Name of Institution | Name of Course/Board | Year of Passing | Percentage/CGPA |
|---|---|---|---|
| Shiv Nadar University | B. Tech-Computer Science Engineering | 2018 | 7.04 |
| Hindu Vidyapeeth, Sonepat | Higher Secondary School (Central Board of Secondary Education) | 2014 | 88.6 |
| Hindu Vidyapeeth, Sonepat | Senior Secondary School (Central Board of Secondary Education) | 2012 | 10 CGPA |
Projects Undertaken
| MESS BANKING |
|---|
| Desktop based application that doesn’t require any second person to operate. The application deals with creation and transaction of users account. Technology used: Core Java |
| MP3 Splitter |
| Desktop based application which splits a single MP3 audio track and saves the output at a user specified path. Technology used: Core Java |
AWARDS AND RECOGNITION |
|---|
| Awarded “College Pro” title during training from TCS iON in Core Java Technology |
| Ranked 1st in Technical Fest conducted by Hindu College of Engineering |
ADDITIONAL SKILLS/QUALIFICATION |
|---|
| Completed course on Core Java from TCS iON academy, Delhi |
| MySQL |
| Mathematica |
EXTRACURRICULAR ACTIVITIES |
|---|
| Volunteered for SNU transport committee in Breeze’16 |
| Participated as a team member in Intra-Fest ZEPHYR’16 held at SNU |
| Participated in SNU powerlifting event under Men’s -65kg |
INTERESTS AND HOBBIES |
|---|
| Gymnasium |
| Pencil Sketching |
| Music |


Henning Wehn (born 1974-04-10[ref]) has appeared in 91 episodes between 2006-2019. Henning Wehn on IMDB. Henning Wehn on Wikipedia. Henning Wehn on Chortle.


{{ define "main" }}
Article may contain affiliate links. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.


img class="img-fluid right_s rounded " src="imags/blog/blog17/canarias_casa_airbnb2.jpg" alt=canarias_casa_airbnb2 />
In February of 2017 I will go to Canarias to know the islands.
I have been already twice but it is not the same go for tourism one week than going to live. In fact is totally different.
With the goal of doing superior studies, will move to the capital, Las Palmas de Gran Canaria.
I began in the north of the capital in Las Canteras Area, near of the leisure and beach area and not far from the town center.
Through AirBNB, website see with bad eyes from Hotel companies, I reseve a bedroom.
I was living with two bugarian students very friendly, very fan of all spanish things.
I was speaking english and giving advice about spanish traditions and spanish language.
Theorically, AirBNB has a business space than hotel companies does not offer. Is a place where you can easily find a place to sleep without luxury conditions, and for people like me is ideal. Pay more than 50 euros for a hotel where you do not go to stay more than sleep is waste your money today. More in the economic conditions where are the young spanish people.
That is why a lot of people offer his house to particulars and economically is good. Big people, politicians, they like that we believe that AirBnb are pirates than steal to Spain but that is not real. The only fact is people travel because AirBnB, some people who cannot do in normal conditions and spend some money where they go.
With less more than 15 euros the night I was living in an appartment with european people.
While i was there I was looking for a place cheaper to stay more months there and I did not spend more than 1 week in that.
I could walking n the beach of Canteras but most of the days it was not allow to get into the wather due to jellyfish and strong waves.
In addition to that I could enjoy in February to the canarian carnival.
Good month for surfing, bad month for the bath.
I coincided in full flood of the Canarian carnival reason why the streets were always overflowing with charanga and people.
The temperature is quite pleasant although at this time of the year half of the days in Las Palmas is cloudy.
That is why there is great contrast with the south of the island, where the sun shines almost every day of the year.
In the end I found a quite asquible accommodation in the area of Alcaravaneras where I would settle.
This area is quite expensive, sticking with Mesa and Lopez and the marina.
In it is also the central market where you can buy fresh vegetables and fruits and the best meats from the peninsula.
From there I was visiting the palms, starting by taking a walk on the island and see the maginifica beach of the confital and the surf in its purest form as well as some old structures that are built next to the rocks.
Visit the pier, shopping center near Santa Catalina, etc.
Once there apart from the leisure and beach that gives the islands, I was studying to revalidate my title of IETLS, where I got the B2 in April by lowering my C1 / B2 mark.
I also report the masters of the university of las palmas, specifically the master's degree to be able to attend the following year.
There were many papers that had to be submitted and a very thorough selection process where only 25% of those who applied obtained a place.
On this occasion I was living with some girls from southern Italy and with Italian people in general.
Also in the Canary Islands I have cousins that I had not seen much before and that I had the pleasure of knowing more thoroughly.
Living in the Canary Islands one realizes how is the day to day of the people there. The city has a slow pace, but there is always activity.
In addition, the quality of life is well above in general to that of any city in the peninsula.
Forgetting one of them is Monday or Saturday because any day of the week offers the same characteristics to enjoy.
More than half of the work in the city is aimed at catering and catering, which means that almost more than half of them work in shifts.
This means that every day can be like a weekend and miss the notion of time apart from that there is basically a season throughout the year but with some connotations
Even having an unemployment rate that doubles many areas of the peninsula close to 30% people live quite alien to this situation.
Apart from the fact that around 30% of the population is always traveling from Europe or the peninsula, the treatment between people is quite cordial and hardly any unpleasant events occur.
Even more counting the amount of party sites and bars where alcohol or other items are served.
In the islands there is no very complex communication system between cities. Gran Canaria has a highway that connects the north with the southwest.
It is planned to finish the ring on the island but with what there is at this moment it is more than enough.
The king transport system is the bus, what we call here bus.
The island has innumerable bus lines that connect the cities with each other and in the capital the neighborhoods with the main station of San Telmo.
With the yellow card of transports for just over 6 euros and 45 minutes of travel you can move from the capital to Maspalomas or Playa del Ingles, the best areas to enjoy the sun and the beach.
The island has an offer in a very wide frame, from visits by the historical helmet, the great amount of beaches in its numerous kilometers of coast. As well as nightlife as well as rural tourism and nature or sports activities.
The historic center of Las Palmas is located in the neighborhood of Vegueta, southwest of the city.
Because the Spaniards did not arrive until the 15th century, almost all the buildings are colonial style, very similar to the one we can find in South America.
Of the city and this I speak in more detail in the section of the Canary Islands, in My Sites.
The important towns from the point of view of artistic heritage are the following:
Todas estas ciudades se encuentran al interior de la isla y el tiempo varía dependiendo de la época del año mucho más que en Las Palmas.
The island is one of two sites in Spain where from the point of view of size we have such a varied offer.
Due to its location and its climate you can practice nautical activities all year round, such as diving, windsurfing, canoeing, etc.
The island has great winds east west, and the north, there are areas of sea where it is dangerous to bathe but for professionals of these sports, are very suitable places.
The city of Las Palmas since 2003 has a new stadium with a capacity of 55,000 spectators, which is still being updated to new times, the Canary Islands also being a very footballing place.
There I was able to enjoy together with my cousin the league match that faced Union Deportiva Las Palmas against Atlético de Madrid, a match that ended with the Atlético victory, my team with an overwhelming 0-5.
In Gran Canaria there is a multitude of places to enjoy at night, although it should be emphasized three areas.
- Las Canteras, and specifically near the auditorium Alfredo Kraus, and the Las Arenas shopping center, with several pubs and squares where you can have a drink.
- Santa Catalina, next to the pier, with nightclubs that close later and where there are enough foreigners.
- Vegueta, near the historic center, where it is mainly young people who move, and especially students of the university. Very popular on Thursdays and Fridays.
To the south of the island is the largest tourist city of all the islands where there are several of the best clubs.
While it is not comparable to the party in the Balearic Islands if it is true that this area does not stop throughout the year, due to the good weather.
Main clubs such as ZigZag, Dubai or Pacha.
The latter is quite small and not comparable to other pachas, being also the entry very restricted according to when it suits them.
Lo mejor sin duda son las fiestas de los pueblos donde se puede disfrutar del ron autentico de la isla y de talleres de meridaje de ron.
Además los precios son muy bajos en todo y la gente bastante más agradable que en la costa o en la capital.
Sin embargo como todas las fiestas de patrones son un fin de semana al año.
Debido a la gran cantidad de pueblos la oferta es amplia.
Aqui debajo dejo una foto de Maspalomas, la playa más bonita de toda Las Palmas y una de las mejores de las islas canarias junto con las de Fuerteventura.
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We seek to tell our story through the food we serve
Certain dishes of our menu were inspired by memory or provenance of ingredients of native Scottish cuisine. We want to share all these with every our customer through what they see, smell and taste.


Outdoors
I enjoy the outdoors especially hiking and rock climbing.
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Some of the fun stuff I am interested in.
I enjoy the outdoors especially hiking and rock climbing.
Whenever I can, I escape into the non-nerdiest thing I love and am passionate about. I have been dancing salsa for few years now.
World is too big to explore, and I have seen very little of it. This picture is from my recent trip to Florence,Italy.


I'm studying Business Finance in Dokuz Eylul University in Izmir. I started my double major program(International Business and Trade) in 2015 and completed my Erasmus program in Germany in 2018.I am interested in painting and html coding basics in my freetime.
Analyzing one specific company's financial position and writing a report about the company's valuation. Deciding sell, hold or buy the company's stocks within strong evidences through valuation
GPA: 3.02
GPA: 3.55
Apart from Business and Finance , I enjoy most of my time painting and drawing and started to getting interested in programing. In the summer, I go swimming and hiking. During the summer months in Marmaris, I enjoy parasailing and diving.
I follow a number of historical and fantasy genre movies, especially a big fan of Lord of The Rings Trilogy and also I am a history lover like read history from forums or books.


The expedition is over!
To calculate your total score, add up your score for each battle:
- If you won on the first try, you score 6 points.
- If you won on the second try, you score 4 points.
- If you won on the third try, you score 2 points.
- Otherwise, you score 0 points.


Total credits :
1. Data Mining 2. Machine Learning
1. Cryptography 2. Natural Language Processing
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