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Vagrant provides easy to configure, reproducible, and portable work environments built on top of industry-standard technology and controlled by a single consistent workflow to help maximize the productivity and flexibility of you and your team.
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If you're a designer, Vagrant will automatically setup everything required for that web app in order for you to focus on doing what you do best: design. Once a developer configures Vagrant, you don't need to worry about how to get that app running ever again. No more bothering other developers to help you fix your environment so you can test designs. Just check out the code, vagrant up
, and start designing.


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| Version | Avg time | vs this-change |
vs tip-of-tree tip-of-tree |
vs previous-release previous-release |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| this-change |
20.82ms - 22.81ms | - |
slower ❌ 12% - 25% 2.30ms - 4.61ms |
faster ✔ 37% - 43% 13.48ms - 15.85ms |
| tip-of-tree tip-of-tree |
17.78ms - 18.94ms |
faster ✔ 11% - 21% 2.30ms - 4.61ms |
- |
faster ✔ 48% - 51% 17.26ms - 18.98ms |
| previous-release previous-release |
35.84ms - 37.12ms |
slower ❌ 59% - 75% 13.48ms - 15.85ms |
slower ❌ 92% - 106% 17.26ms - 18.98ms |
- |
| Version | Avg time | vs this-change |
vs tip-of-tree tip-of-tree |
vs previous-release previous-release |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| this-change |
55.97ms - 58.17ms | - |
slower ❌ 142% - 158% 33.02ms - 35.52ms |
faster ✔ 31% - 34% 26.16ms - 29.21ms |
| tip-of-tree tip-of-tree |
22.21ms - 23.39ms |
faster ✔ 59% - 61% 33.02ms - 35.52ms |
- |
faster ✔ 72% - 74% 60.75ms - 63.17ms |
| previous-release previous-release |
83.70ms - 85.81ms |
slower ❌ 45% - 52% 26.16ms - 29.21ms |
slower ❌ 261% - 282% 60.75ms - 63.17ms |
- |
| Version | Avg time | vs this-change |
vs tip-of-tree tip-of-tree |
vs previous-release previous-release |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| this-change |
136.50ms - 140.18ms | - |
slower ❌ 142% - 159% 80.59ms - 85.64ms |
faster ✔ 17% - 20% 28.79ms - 33.70ms |
| tip-of-tree tip-of-tree |
53.49ms - 56.95ms |
faster ✔ 59% - 61% 80.59ms - 85.64ms |
- |
faster ✔ 66% - 69% 111.99ms - 116.74ms |
| previous-release previous-release |
167.95ms - 171.21ms |
slower ❌ 21% - 25% 28.79ms - 33.70ms |
slower ❌ 197% - 217% 111.99ms - 116.74ms |
- |


What asset classes are supported:
-Equity, Futures, Options
-"All
LEAN asset classes supported through to live trading including US
Equities, Equity Options, Futures, Future Options, Crypto, and Spot
Forex. Advanced backtest asset modeling keeps your backtesting code
identical through to production trading." // lean.io/bloomber


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886_josephx1.py
class Solution:
def maximumRequests(self, n: int, requests: List[List[int]]) -> int:
best = 0
def valid(reqs):
buildings = [0 for _ in range(n)]
for req in reqs:
buildings[req[0]] -= 1
buildings[req[1]] += 1
return not any(buildings)
for i in range(2**len(requests)):
bin_num = "{0:b}".format(i)
diff = len(requests) - len(bin_num)
reqs = []
for k in range(len(bin_num)):
if int(bin_num[k]):
reqs.append(requests[k+diff])
if len(reqs) > best:
if valid(reqs):
best = len(reqs)
return best


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--- title: "Solutions" menutitle: "Solutions" mainfont: Arial fontsize: 12pt urlcolor: blue weight: 30 ---
Package and Data Loading
As mentioned within the session setup, load the following packages using the library()
function. Additionally, as we will be using a data set with large numbers, set scipen to 999 using the option function.
library(tidyverse)
library(RColorBrewer)
options(scipen = 999)
As mentioned previously, for the purpose of this session, we will be using a sample of the Online Gaming Anxiety Data, this subset is avaliable to download as part of the .zip file downloadable from the Github Repo. It can then be loaded using the following script:
gamingdata_samp <- read_csv("data/gamingdata_samp.csv")
Section 1: ggplot2 vs plot
Exercise 1: Plotting SPIN_T against Age using both the plot()
and ggplot()
function, discuss which has more potential in displaying data clearly.
## Plotting with plot()
plot(data = gamingdata_samp,
SPIN_T ~ Age)
## Plotting with ggplot()
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T)) +
geom_point()
## Warning: Removed 250 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 2: Expand the plot to group these points by Gender, which provides us with more information and is easier to achieve? Remember, you’ll need to recode gamingdata_samp$Gender as a factor using the function:
gamingdata_samp$Gender <- as.factor(gamingdata_samp$Gender)
plot(data = gamingdata_samp,
SPIN_T ~ Age, col = c("blue", "red")[Gender])
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
colour = Gender)) +
geom_point()
## Warning: Removed 250 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Section 2: Basic Plotting Using ggplot
Exercise 3: Change the size parameter to Hours to see if there is a trend between the amount of hours, age and total SPIN score.
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
colour = Gender,
size = Hours)) +
geom_point()
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 4: Change the geom, from geom_point() to geom_jitter() and change the alpha parameter to 0.5 to more clearly see the relationship
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
colour = Gender,
size = Hours)) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5)
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 5: Change the X and Y axis labels, and title to something suitable for the plot, using the the labs() addition
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
colour = Gender,
size = Hours)) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "SPIN Total Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score")
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Section 3: Different geom’s different plots
Exercise 6: Using geom_bar() plot the number of different cases in each gender
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Gender)) +
geom_bar()
Exercise 7: Expand upon the geom_bar() plot, to determine the average (mean) number of Hours played by each gender.
Hint: Ensure to add stat = “summary” into your geom_bar() function.
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Gender, y = Hours)) +
geom_bar(stat = "summary")
## Warning: Removed 11 rows containing non-finite values (stat_summary).
## No summary function supplied, defaulting to `mean_se()`
Exercise 8: Expanding again on the plot created in Exercise 6, after using the following code to convert the Platform variable into a factor, specify the fill value to Platform.
gamingdata_samp$Platform <- as.factor(gamingdata_samp$Platform)
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Gender, fill = Platform)) +
geom_bar()
Exercise 9: Through adding the appropriate limits function (xlim(), ylim(), lims()) in ggplot() set the upper threshold of your plot to 5,000
gamingdata_samp$Platform <- as.factor(gamingdata_samp$Platform)
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Gender, fill = Platform)) +
geom_bar() +
ylim(0, 5000)
Section 4: Customization Part 1
Exercise 10: Using all the customization skills we have already discussed (labs(), lims() and geom’s), examine the relationship between an individuals Age, Number of Hours playing, their employment and what platform they use. Once completed, add one of the following themes to the end of your code, which looks best (to you)?
Hint: Consider using the mapping aesthetics such as colour, size, shape, alpha etc, to map the categorical variables.
One Answer:
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp,
mapping = aes(x = Age, y = Hours,
colour = Platform, shape = Work)) +
geom_point(alpha = 0.5) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "Hours Played") +
lims(x = c(18, 60), y = c(0, 200)) +
theme_minimal()
## Warning: Removed 24 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Section 5: Layering different geom’s
Exercise 11: Using the code developed in Section 2 (Age, Hours and Total Spin Score) add an additional geom_jitter() layer which plots the GAD score.
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
colour = Gender,
size = Hours)) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = GAD_T,
colour = Gender,
size = Hours)) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "SPIN Total Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score")
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
## Warning: Removed 11 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 12: Expanding on the code from Exercise 11, replace the colour variable (currently Gender) with a colour to differentiate between SPIN and GAD. You can add back in Gender as a shape variable (see here for options).
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
colour = "red",
size = Hours,
shape = Gender)) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = GAD_T,
colour = "blue",
size = Hours,
shape = Gender)) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "SPIN Total Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score")
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
## Warning: Removed 11 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 13: Conducting a direct swap between a colour (“blue” or “red”) and the variable Gender, does not produce a usable legend. As such, remove the colour parameter from the mapping = aes() component.
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
size = Hours,
shape = Gender),
colour = "red") +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = GAD_T,
size = Hours,
shape = Gender),
colour = "blue") +
labs(x = "Age", y = "SPIN Total Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score")
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
## Warning: Removed 11 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 13: Although this corrects the colours, there is no usable legend. To add a colour specific legend, you must return the colour = parameter to inside mapping=aes(), alongside adding scale_colour_identity(). To apply this, use the given template to specify what the colours indicates. Additionally correct the axis names so they represent the contents of the plot.
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
size = Hours,
shape = Gender,
colour = "red")) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = GAD_T,
size = Hours,
shape = Gender,
colour = "blue")) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "Total Anxiety Measure Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score") +
scale_colour_identity(name = "Anxiety Measure",
breaks = c("red", "blue"),
labels = c("SPIN", "GAD"),
guide = "legend")
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
## Warning: Removed 11 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 14: Colours and legends can also be used for continuous variables. Return to just a single variable (SPIN_T), and specify the colour parameter as the hours variable (Hours). Is this clearer than the when Hours was specified as the size variable?
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
shape = Gender,
colour = Hours)) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "Total Anxiety Measure Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score")
## Warning: Removed 250 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 15: To improve the clarity of the scale, you can use the function scale_colour_gradient() to specify the colours of the low and high points as well as any specific breaks. Add this function to the previous plot (Ex.14), using the template provided. Think about what are good breaks to use within this function.
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
shape = Gender,
colour = Hours)) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "Total Anxiety Measure Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score") +
scale_colour_gradient(low = "Yellow", high = "Red",
breaks = c(0, 50, 100, 150))
## Warning: Removed 250 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 16: An alternative to layering multiple plots on on top of each other, is to use facet_wrap() or facet_grid() to produce graphs side by side. Using this a faceting function you can split the graphs up by a specific variable. Try using facet_wrap() to split the graph produced in Ex.13, by Gender.
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
size = Hours,
shape = Gender,
colour = "red")) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = GAD_T,
size = Hours,
shape = Gender,
colour = "blue")) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "Total Anxiety Measure Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score") +
scale_colour_identity(name = "Anxiety Measure",
breaks = c("red", "blue"),
labels = c("SPIN", "GAD"),
guide = "legend") +
facet_grid(.~ Gender)
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
## Warning: Removed 11 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Exercise 17. Alternatively you can split by a factor not included in the graph at the point of creation. Try using facet_grid() again to this time split the same graph by “Platform”.
ggplot(data = gamingdata_samp) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = SPIN_T,
size = Hours,
shape = Gender,
colour = "red")) +
geom_jitter(alpha = 0.5,
mapping = aes(x = Age,
y = GAD_T,
size = Hours,
shape = Gender,
colour = "blue")) +
labs(x = "Age", y = "Total Anxiety Measure Score",
title = "Age in Relation to SPIN Total Score") +
scale_colour_identity(name = "Anxiety Measure",
breaks = c("red", "blue"),
labels = c("SPIN", "GAD"),
guide = "legend") +
facet_grid(.~ Platform)
## Warning: Removed 261 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
## Warning: Removed 11 rows containing missing values (geom_point).
Section 6: Publishing Plots from ggplot2
Exercise 18: Using the function ggsave(), export your last plot (using the parameter last_plot()). Use the template provided to structure your export.
ggsave(filename = "test_plot.png",
plot = last_plot())
Exercise 19: Alternatively, you can set a specific graph to a variable (for example: “plot_to_print”) and past it in place of last_plot(). Additionally, you can change parameters such as the height and width, dpi, scale and type of export accordingly. Try to export the plot you made for Ex.15, as a JPEG (.jpeg), with a dpi of 500 and a size of 5cmx10cm.
ggsave(filename = "test_plot2.jpeg",
plot = plot_to_print,
height = 5,
width = 10,
dpi = 500)
Exercise 20: Alternatively, you can also use the export function in the Rstudio UI to export your plots. To do this, click export in your plots tab (if plots are produced there) and export accordingly. If you are using the accompanying worksheet (which is a .R script), try saving any of your previous plots as .pdf files following the instructions in RStudio.


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--- layout: cohort title: Cohort 1 | Teacher Info cohortlink: one cohort: ONE ---
eangell [at] pausd [dot] org
Erin Angell is the English teacher for SJP Cohort #1. After 13 years of teaching, 7 of them at Paly, she has extensive experience teaching different grade levels and English elective classes. Her enthusiasm as a teacher and advisor has led her to explore unconventional methods of teaching, and she continues to challenge her students and their knowledge of the world around them through the creation of the Social Justice Pathway.
ebloom [at] pausd [dot] org
Eric Bloom, a Paly history teacher and advisor with 17 years of teaching experience, is the history teacher for Cohort #1. His style of teaching leads to many discussions and projects in class, and he enjoy creating unique lesson plans and assignments for his students. His inventiveness and love of social justice led him to collaborate with Ms. Angell to create the Social Justice Pathway at Paly.


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sticky-ts
sticky-ts is a library for sticky elements written in vanilla javascript. With this library you can easily set sticky elements on your website. It's also responsive.
Features
- No dependencies
- The safety of TypeScript and the minimalism of vanilla JavaScript
- Lightweight
- You may sticky an element the entire page or a specific container
- No additional CSS needed
Install
npm install sticky-ts
Usage
Simply include

Then have element

Sticky element

Initialize with javascript
var sticky = new Sticky('.selector');
CommonJS
var Sticky = require('sticky-js');
var sticky = new Sticky('.selector');
Sticky to the nearest parent container with [data-sticky-container]

Sticky element

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- IE 9+
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If you need this library working with older browsers you should use ECMAScript 5 polyfill.


Yoga and physical therapy as treatment for chronic lower back pain also improves sleep
| Source: | Boston Medical Center |
| Summary: | Yoga and physical therapy (PT) are effective approaches to treating co-occurring sleep disturbance and back pain while reducing the need for medication, according to a new study. The research showed significant improvements in sleep quality lasting 52 weeks after 12 weeks of yoga classes or 1-on-1 PT, which suggests a long-term benefit of these non-pharmacologic approaches. |
Yoga and physical therapy (PT) are effective approaches to treating co-occurring sleep disturbance and back pain while reducing the need for medication, according to a new study from Boston Medical Center (BMC). Published in the Journal of General Internal Medicine, the research showed significant improvements in sleep quality lasting 52 weeks after 12 weeks of yoga classes or 1-on-1 PT, which suggests a long-term benefit of these non-pharmacologic approaches. In addition, participants with early improvements in pain after 6 weeks of treatment were three and a half times more likely to have improvements in sleep after the full, 12-week treatment, highlighting that pain and sleep are closely related.
Sleep disturbance and insomnia are common among people with chronic low back pain (cLBP). Previous research showed that 59% of people with cLBP experience poor sleep quality and 53% are diagnosed with insomnia disorder. Medication for both sleep and back pain can have serious side effects, and risk of opioid-related overdose and death increases with use of sleep medications.
"Identifying holistic ways to treat these conditions could help decrease the reliance on these medications as well as keep patients safer and more comfortable," said Eric Roseen, DC, MSc, a researcher in the department of family medicine at BMC, who led the study.
The randomized controlled trial included 320 adults with cLBP from BMC and seven surrounding community health centers. At the beginning of the study, over 90 percent of participants with cLBP were found to suffer from poor sleep. Participants were assigned one of three different therapies for cLBP: physical therapy, weekly yoga, or reading educational materials. Previous research from BMC discovered that yoga and PT are similarly effective for lowering pain and improving physical function, reducing the need for pain medication. In this study, results for sleep improvements were compared over a 12-week intervention period and after 1 year of follow-up.
"The high prevalence of sleep problems in adults with chronic low back pain can have detrimental effects on a person's overall health and well-being," said Roseen, also an assistant professor of family medicine at Boston University School of Medicine. "This really emphasizes the need for providers to ask patients with chronic low back pain about the quality of their sleep. Given the serious risks of combining pain and sleep medications, nonpharmacologic approaches should be considered for these patients."
make a difference: sponsored opportunity
Story Source:
Materials provided by Boston Medical Center.
Note: Content may be edited for style and length.
Journal Reference:
- Eric J. Roseen, Hanna Gerlovin, Alexandra Femia, Jae Cho, Suzanne Bertisch, Susan Redline, Karen J. Sherman, Robert Saper. Yoga, Physical Therapy, and Back Pain Education for Sleep Quality in Low-Income Racially Diverse Adults with Chronic Low Back Pain: a Secondary Analysis of a Randomized Controlled Trial. Journal of General Internal Medicine, 2019; DOI: 10.1007/s11606-019-05329-4
Cite This Page:
| MLA | Boston Medical Center. "Yoga and physical therapy as treatment for chronic lower back pain also improves sleep." ScienceDaily. ScienceDaily, 19 November 2019. <www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191119105556.htm>. |
| APA | Boston Medical Center. (2019, November 19). Yoga and physical therapy as treatment for chronic lower back pain also improves sleep. ScienceDaily. Retrieved November 21, 2019 from www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191119105556.htm |
| Chicago | Boston Medical Center. "Yoga and physical therapy as treatment for chronic lower back pain also improves sleep." ScienceDaily. www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/11/191119105556.htm (accessed November 21, 2019). |


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I'm a professional pine cone. My passion is planting new pine trees. That's also my day job. Rolling around in the grass is the best - when I'm not working, of course. I take my work seriously. A lot depends on what I do. Without pine trees the wind would blow away the soil and the world would become a desolate place.
Falling down from a tall pine tree was a bit scarry. But I managed ok, thanks to the rigorous training in my early years, when I was still a little green cone hanging from a branch.
You should give me a call if you need strong pine trees planted in your garden. And check out my social profiles to see my latest adventures.
Work
- Chief planting officer
Education
- Pine Tree Academy
- Needle Garden


--- layout: minimal title: "Projects" permalink: /html/about/index.html description: "Mateusz Zaremba's projects" ---


Introduction
On simulating reality, filtering reality:
- Quantify how close to reality the simulated datasets are
- because that's the first question everyone asks
- because that means that'd be the most convincing argument for it
=> being able to describe precisely what is real, what is not, and why
Why is it useful?
- Better understanding of the realness of our simulation goes together with a better understanding of where the sequencing errors come from, which may ultimately allow us to improve the analysis tools.
- Understanding of what we simulate == understanding of what gets or doesn't get tested in a simulated environment : Key feature for "FDA testing / regulatory aspect" - Make the simulated datasets as real as possible
Based on the previous analysis.
Why is it useful?
- to test features of the tools that are useful in real datasets (e.g. it may be counter-productive to optimise a variant caller to better detect deletions in a very simple simulated environment, as it may worsen the detection in a real environment). - Determine which properties of a real dataset can be tested independently vs properties that have to be simulated together
- Simulate non-existing instruments
Strategy
Following user interest, we will start with the 2nd point: making the simulated datasets as real as possible.
Our current strategy is by using:
- Expert feedback
"Expert" users tell us what they found looked wrong in IGV when comparing simulated datasets to real ones.
They suggest missing features in the simulation that may solve this issue.
We then come back to them to check the next iteration of the tools.
Problem: Some suggested features may be incorrect. They may actually appear correct by improving the simulated datasets under test, but might later be incompatible with other improvements, which will then break and worsen the results. In the worst case, we won't even notice the incompatibility and keep adding features that destroy each other's benefits.
To address this problem, we need to define metrics even for those expert-suggested features. These metrics will be used regularly for regression testing. - Metrics
Metrics can be created from- User input on specific issues
- Analysis of larger issues
Meetings, Logs
EAGLE - Simulating Reality - Meetings, Logs (page 1)
Tasks completed
- SAGE-114: Integrate Fiona's mismatch table (non-hard-coded mismatch table that also includes base insertions)
(no need for metrics in this case, as metrics will just reflect the empirical values) - SAGE-116: Quality tables with dependencies between qualities from cycle to cycle
- SAGE-126: Create metrics for "mismatches phasing" problem: how mismatches get grouped together
- SAGE-120: User-specified random seeds
(no need for metrics in this case, as it would reflect which random distribution we decide to use. There could however be an analysis of which random distribution we should use)
- SAGE-118: Sequence context mismatch plugin
- SAGE-117: Window-based quality tables
- SAGE-125: Create metrics for "mismatch rate changing across genome"
- SAGE-119: Telomere coverage analysis
- SAGE-127: Create metrics for "coverage is lower around centromeres"
- SAGE-133: Quality model with quality stability across cycles
Tasks in progress
- SAGE-134: Telomere and ALU repeats in Sample genome


--- layout: post esbma_id: 1461 date: 2003-06-03 12:10:00 keywords: cornsharp title: Gnomedex ---
I'll be talking about our .NET experiences at Gnomedex.


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+++ draft = false date = "2011-01-02T11:11:54-02:00" title = "A pattern for programatically creating Plone content" tags = ["cookbook", "Plone"] created = "2011-01-02T10:50:36-02:00" modified = "2011-01-04T19:34:42-02:00" permaLink = "http://play.pixelblaster.ro/blog/archive/2011/01/02/a-patern-for-programatically-creating-plone-content" author = "Tiberiu Ichim" aliases = [ "/blog/archive/2011/01/02/a-patern-for-programatically-creating-plone-content" ] +++
I'm importing content from a legacy system to a new website that I'm doing with Plone 4 (wow! what an improvement, in speed and technology) and was looking at the existing documentation on how to programatically create new Plone content. The issue I'm having with the existing documentation is that it's incomplete. It won't give you automatically created ids, you'll have to manually call mutators if you don't know any better, etc.
This is what I have come up with (this code runs in a browser view):
_id = self.context.generateUniqueId("Document") _id = self.context.invokeFactory(type_name=type_name, id=_id) ob = self.context[_id] ob.edit( description = "text...", subject = ('tag1', 'tag2'), title = "some title...", ) ob._renameAfterCreation(check_auto_id=True) _id = ob.getId()
One thing I notice is that Plone 4 starts faster, comes with easily pluggable developer tools, and in general feels a lot more polished then any previous Plone releases. It's a good system to work with.


|
Crystal-Swirl
|
#include <oneArmedBandit.hpp>
Public Member Functions | |
| OneArmedBandit (const std::shared_ptr< Loader > &loader, const std::shared_ptr< Scene > &_scene, const std::shared_ptr< GraphicManager > &_graphicManager) | |
| bool | startSimulate () |
| void | SetSimulateTime (float time) |
| void | setDelayTime (float time) |
| bool | getStatusOfProcessing () const |
| void | initStructure (const Vector2< int8_t > &crystalAmmount, std::vector< std::shared_ptr< mv::Entity >> &entities, const Vector2< float > &delta, const std::shared_ptr< Loader > &loader) |
| float | multiplier (const std::shared_ptr< Loader > &loader) |
Definition at line 20 of file oneArmedBandit.hpp.
| OneArmedBandit::OneArmedBandit | ( | const std::shared_ptr< Loader > & | loader, |
| const std::shared_ptr< Scene > & | _scene, | ||
| const std::shared_ptr< GraphicManager > & | _graphicManager | ||
| ) |
Definition at line 9 of file oneArmedBandit.cpp.
| bool OneArmedBandit::getStatusOfProcessing | ( | ) | const |
Definition at line 40 of file oneArmedBandit.cpp.
| void OneArmedBandit::initStructure | ( | const Vector2< int8_t > & | crystalAmmount, |
| std::vector< std::shared_ptr< mv::Entity >> & | entities, | ||
| const Vector2< float > & | delta, | ||
| const std::shared_ptr< Loader > & | loader | ||
| ) |
Definition at line 45 of file oneArmedBandit.cpp.
| float OneArmedBandit::multiplier | ( | const std::shared_ptr< Loader > & | loader | ) |
Definition at line 70 of file oneArmedBandit.cpp.
| void OneArmedBandit::setDelayTime | ( | float | time | ) |
Definition at line 35 of file oneArmedBandit.cpp.
| void OneArmedBandit::SetSimulateTime | ( | float | time | ) |
Definition at line 30 of file oneArmedBandit.cpp.
| bool OneArmedBandit::startSimulate | ( | ) |
Definition at line 16 of file oneArmedBandit.cpp.


Token Streams[WARNING: While you can expect the concepts and functionality to remain stable, ANTLR 2.6.0 token streams will be modified/enhanced as we gain experience.] Traditionally, a lexer and parser are tightly coupled objects; that is, one does not imagine anything sitting between the parser and the lexer, modifying the stream of tokens. However, language recognition and translation can benefit greatly from treating the connection between lexer and parser as a token stream. This idea is analogous to Java I/O streams, where you can pipeline lots of stream objects to produce highly-processed data streams. IntroductionANTLR identifies a stream of Token objects as any object that satisfies the TokenStream interface (prior to 2.6, this interface was called Tokenizer); i.e., any object that implements the following method. Token nextToken(); Graphically, a normal stream of tokens from a lexer (producer) to a parser (consumer) might look like the following at some point during the parse. The most common token stream is a lexer, but once you imagine a physical stream between the lexer and parser, you start imagining interesting things that you can do. For example, you can:
The beauty of the token stream concept is that parsers and lexers are not affected--they are merely consumers and producers of streams. Stream objects are filters that produce, process, combine, or separate token streams for use by consumers. Existing lexers and parsers may be combined in new and interesting ways without modification. This document formalizes the notion of a token stream and describes in detail some very useful stream filters. Pass-Through Token StreamA token stream is any object satisfying the following interface. public interface TokenStream { public Token nextToken() throws java.io.IOException; } For example, a "no-op" or pass-through filter stream looks like: import antlr.*; import java.io.IOException; class TokenStreamPassThrough implements TokenStream { protected TokenStream input; /** Stream to read tokens from */ public TokenStreamPassThrough(TokenStream in) { input = in; } /** This makes us a stream */ public Token nextToken() throws IOException { return input.nextToken(); // "short circuit" } } You would use this simple stream by having it pull tokens from the lexer and then have the parser pull tokens from it as in the following main() program. public static void main(String[] args) { MyLexer lexer = new MyLexer(new DataInputStream(System.in)); TokenStreamPassThrough filter = new TokenStreamPassThrough(lexer); MyParser parser = new MyParser(filter); parser.startRule(); } Token Stream FilteringMost of the time, you want the lexer to discard whitespace and comments, however, what if you also want to reuse the lexer in situations where the parser must see the comments? You can design a single lexer to cover many situations by having the lexer emit comments and whitespace along with the normal tokens.  ANTLR provides TokenStreamBasicFilter for such situations. You can instruct it to discard any token type or types without having to modify the lexer. Here is an example usage of TokenStreamBasicFilter that filters out comments and whitespace. public static void main(String[] args) { MyLexer lexer = new MyLexer(new DataInputStream(System.in)); TokenStreamPassThrough filter = new TokenStreamPassThrough(lexer); filter.discard(MyParser.WS); filter.discard(MyParser.COMMENT); MyParser parser = new MyParser(filter); parser.startRule(); } Note that it is more efficient to have the lexer immediately discard lexical structures you do not want because you do not have to construct a Token object. On the other hand, filtering the stream leads to more flexible lexers. Token Stream SplittingSometimes you want a translator to ignore but not discard portions of the input during the recognition phase. For example, you want to ignore comments vis-a-vis parsing, but you need the comments for translation. The solution is to send the comments to the parser on a hidden token stream--one that the parser is not "listening" to. During recognition, actions can then examine the hidden stream or streams, collecting the comments and so on. Stream-splitting filters are like prisms that split white light into rainbows. The following diagram illustrates a situation in which a single stream of tokens is split into three. You would have the parser pull tokens from the topmost stream. There are many possible capabilities and implementations of a stream splitter. For example, you could have a "Y-splitter" that actually duplicated a stream of tokens like a cable-TV Y-connector. If the filter were thread-safe and buffered, you could have multiple parsers pulling tokens from the filter at the same time. This section describes a stream filter supplied with ANTLR called TokenStreamHiddenTokenFilter that behaves like a coin sorter, sending pennies to one bin, dimes to another, etc... This filter splits the input stream into two streams, a main stream with the majority of the tokens and a hidden stream that is buffered so that you can ask it questions later about its contents. Because of the implementation, however, you cannot attach a parser to the hidden stream. The filter actually weaves the hidden tokens among the main tokens as you will see below. ExampleConsider the following simple grammar that reads in integer variable declarations. decls: (decl)+ ; decl : begin:INT ID end:SEMI ; Now assume input: int n; // list length /** doc */ int f; Imagine that whitespace is ignored by the lexer and that you have instructed the filter to split comments onto the hidden stream. Now if the parser is pulling tokens from the main stream, it will see only "INT ID SEMI FLOAT ID SEMI" even though the comments are hanging around on the hidden stream. So the parser effectively ignores the comments, but your actions can query the filter for tokens on the hidden stream. The first time through rule decl, the begin token reference has no hidden tokens before or after, but filter.getHiddenAfter(end) returns a reference to token // list length which in turn provides access to /** doc */ The second time through decl filter.getHiddenBefore(begin) refers to the /** doc */ comment. Filter ImplementationThe following diagram illustrates how the Token objects are physically weaved together to simulate two different streams.
As the tokens are consumed, the TokenStreamHiddenTokenFilter object hooks the hidden tokens to the main tokens via linked list. There is only one physical TokenStream of tokens emanating from this filter and the interweaved pointers maintain sequence information. Because of the extra pointers required to link the tokens together, you must use a special token object called CommonHiddenStreamToken (the normal object is called CommonToken). Recall that you can instruct a lexer to build tokens of a particular class with lexer.setTokenObjectClass("classname"); Technically, this exact filter functionality could be implemented without requiring a special token object, but this filter implementation is extremely efficient and it is easy to tell the lexer what kind of tokens to create. Further, this implementation makes it very easy to automatically have tree nodes built that preserve the hidden stream information. This filter affects the lazy-consume of ANTLR. After recognizing every main stream token, the TokenStreamHiddenTokenFilter must grab the next Token to see if it is a hidden token. Consequently, the use of this filter is not be very workable for interactive (e.g., command-line) applications. How To Use This FilterTo use TokenStreamHiddenTokenFilter, all you have to do is:
MyLexer lexer = new MyLexer(some-input-stream); lexer.setTokenObjectClass( "antlr.CommonHiddenStreamToken" );
TokenStreamHiddenTokenFilter filter = new TokenStreamHiddenTokenFilter(lexer);
filter.discard(MyParser.WS); filter.hide(MyParser.SL_COMMENT);
MyParser parser = new MyParser(filter); try { parser.startRule(); // parse as usual } catch (Exception e) { System.err.println(e.getMessage()); } See the ANTLR fieldguide entry on preserving whitespace for a complete example. Tree ConstructionUltimately, hidden stream tokens are needed during the translation phase, which normally means while tree walking. How do we pass the hidden stream info to the translator without mucking up the tree grammar? Easy: use AST nodes that save the hidden stream tokens. ANTLR defines CommonASTWithHiddenTokens for you that hooks the hidden stream tokens onto the tree nodes automatically; methods are available to access the hidden tokens associated with a tree node. All you have to do is tell the parser to create nodes of this node type rather than the default CommonAST. parser.setASTNodeClass("antlr.CommonASTWithHiddenTokens"); Tree nodes are created as functions of Token objects. The initialize() method of the tree node is called with a Token object when the ASTFactory creates the tree node. Tree nodes created from tokens with hidden tokens before or after will have the same hidden tokens. You do not have to use this node definition, but it works for many translation tasks: package antlr; /** A CommonAST whose initialization copies * hidden token information from the Token * used to create a node. */ public class CommonASTWithHiddenTokens extends CommonAST { // references to hidden tokens protected Token hiddenBefore, hiddenAfter; public CommonHiddenStreamToken getHiddenAfter() { return hiddenAfter; } public CommonHiddenStreamToken getHiddenBefore() { return hiddenBefore; } public void initialize(Token tok) { CommonHiddenStreamToken t = (CommonHiddenStreamToken)tok; super.initialize(t); hiddenBefore = t.getHiddenBefore(); hiddenAfter = t.getHiddenAfter(); } } Notice that this node definition assumes that you are using CommonHiddenStreamToken objects. A runtime class cast except occurs if you do not have the lexer create CommonHiddenStreamToken objects. Garbage Collection IssuesBy partitioning up the input stream and preventing hidden stream tokens from referring to main stream tokens, GC is allowed to work on the Token stream. In the integer declaration example above, when there are no more references to the first SEMI token and the second INT token, the comment tokens are candidates for garbage collection. If all tokens were linked together, a single reference to any token would prevent GC of any tokens. This is not the case in ANTLR's implementation. NotesThis filter works great for preserving whitespace and comments during translation, but is not always the best solution for handling comments in situations where the output is very dissimilar to the input. For example, there may be 3 comments interspersed within an input statement that you want to combine at the head of the output statement during translation. Rather than having to ask each parsed token for the comments surrounding it, it would be better to have a real, physically-separate stream that buffered the comments and a means of associating groups of parsed tokens with groups of comment stream tokens. You probably want to support questions like "give me all of the tokens on the comment stream that originally appeared between this beginning parsed token and this ending parsed token." This filter implements the exact same functionality as JavaCC's special tokens. Sriram Sankar (father of JavaCC) had a great idea with the special tokens and, at the 1997 Dr. T's Traveling Parsing Revival and Beer Tasting Festival, the revival attendees extended the idea to the more general token stream concept. Now, the JavaCC special token functionality is just another ANTLR stream filter with the bonus that you do not have to modify the lexer to specify which tokens are special. Token Stream Multiplexing (aka "Lexer states")Now, consider the opposite problem where you want to combine multiple streams rather than splitting a single stream. When your input contains sections or slices that are radically diverse such as Java and JavaDoc comments, you will find that it is hard to make a single lexer recognize all slices of the input. This is primarily because merging the token definitions of the various slices results in an ambiguous lexical language or allows invalid tokens. For example, "final" may be a keyword in one section, but an identifier in another. Also, "@author" is a valid javadoc tag within a comment, but is invalid in the surrounding Java code. Most people solve this problem by having the lexer sit in one of multiple states (for example, "reading Java stuff" vs "reading JavaDoc stuff"). The lexer starts out in Java mode and then, upon "/**", switches to JavaDoc mode; "*/" forces the lexer to switch back to Java mode. Multiple LexersHaving a single lexer with multiple states works, but having multiple lexers that are multiplexed onto the same token stream solves the same problem better because the separate lexers are easier to reuse (no cutting and pasting into a new lexer--just tell the stream multiplexor to switch to it). For example, the JavaDoc lexer could be reused for any language problem that had JavaDoc comments. ANTLR provides a predefined token stream called TokenStreamSelector that lets you switch between multiple lexers. Actions in the various lexers control how the selector switches input streams. Consider the following Java fragment. /** Test. * @author Terence */ int n; Given two lexers, JavaLexer and JavaDocLexer, the sequence of actions by the two lexers might look like this: JavaLexer: match JAVADOC_OPEN, switch to JavaDocLexer In the Java lexer grammar, you will need a rule to perform the switch to the JavaDoc lexer (recording on the stack of streams the "return lexer"): JAVADOC_OPEN : "/**" {selector.push("doclexer");} ; Similarly, you will need a rule in the JavaDoc lexer to switch back: JAVADOC_CLOSE : "*/" {selector.pop();} ; The selector has a stack of streams so the JavaDoc lexer does not need to know who invoked it. Graphically, the selector combines the two lexer streams into a single stream presented to the parser. The selector can maintain of list of streams for you so that you can switch to another input stream by name or you can tell it to switch to an actual stream object. public class TokenStreamSelector implements TokenStream { public TokenStreamSelector() {...} public void addInputStream(TokenStream stream, String key) {...} public void pop() {...} public void push(TokenStream stream) {...} public void push(String sname) {...} /** Set the stream without pushing old stream */ public void select(TokenStream stream) {...} public void select(String sname) throws IllegalArgumentException {...} } Using the selector is easy:
TokenStreamSelector selector = new TokenStreamSelector();
selector.addInputStream(mainLexer, "main"); selector.addInputStream(doclexer, "doclexer");
// start with main java lexer selector.select("main");
JavaParser parser = new JavaParser(selector); Lexers Sharing Same Character StreamBefore moving on to how the parser uses the selector, note that the two lexers have to read characters from the same input stream. Prior to ANTLR 2.6.0, each lexer had its own line number variable, input char stream variable and so on. In order to share the same input state, ANTLR 2.6.0 factors the portion of a lexer dealing with the character input into an object, LexerSharedInputState, that can be shared among n lexers (single-threaded). To get multiple lexers to share state, you create the first lexer, ask for its input state object, and then use that when constructing any further lexers that need to share that input state: // create Java lexer JavaLexer mainLexer = new JavaLexer(input); // create javadoc lexer; attach to shared // input state of java lexer JavaDocLexer doclexer = new JavaDocLexer(mainLexer.getInputState()); Parsing Multiplexed Token StreamsJust as a single lexer may have trouble producing a single stream of tokens from diverse input slices or sections, a single parser may have trouble handling the multiplexed token stream. Again, a token that is a keyword in one lexer's vocabulary may be an identifier in another lexer's vocabulary. Factoring the parser into separate subparsers for each input section makes sense to handle the separate vocabularies as well as for promoting grammar reuse. The following parser grammar uses the main lexer token vocabulary (specified with the importVocab option) and upon JAVADOC_OPEN it creates and invokes a JavaDoc parser to handle the subsequent stream of tokens from within the comment. class JavaParser extends Parser; options { importVocab=Java; } input : ( (javadoc)? INT ID SEMI )+ ; javadoc : JAVADOC_OPEN { // create a parser to handle the javadoc comment JavaDocParser jdocparser = new JavaDocParser(getInputState()); jdocparser.content(); // go parse the comment } JAVADOC_CLOSE ; You will note that ANTLR parsers from 2.6.0 also share token input stream state. When creating the "subparser", JavaParser tells it to pull tokens from the same input state object. The JavaDoc parser matches a bunch of tags: class JavaDocParser extends Parser; options { importVocab=JavaDoc; } content : ( PARAM // includes ID as part of PARAM | EXCEPTION | AUTHOR )* ; When the subparser rule content finishes, control is naturally returned to the invoking method, javadoc, in the Java parser. The Effect of Lookahead Upon Multiplexed Token StreamsWhat would happen if the parser needed to look two tokens ahead at the start of the JavaDoc comment? In other words, from the perspective of the main parser, what is the token following JAVADOC_OPEN? Token JAVADOC_CLOSE, naturally! The main parser treats any JavaDoc comment, no matter how complicated, as a single entity; it does not see into the token stream of the comment nor should it--the subparser handles that stream. What is the token following the content rule in the subparser? "End of file". The analysis of the subparser cannot determine what random method will call it from your code. This is not an issue because there is normally a single token that signifies the termination of the subparser. Even if EOF gets pulled into the analysis somehow, EOF will not be present on the token stream. Multiple Lexers Versus Calling Another Lexer RuleMultiple lexer states are also often used to handle very complicated single tokens such as strings with embedded escape characters where input "\t" should not be allowed outside of a string. Typically, upon the initial quote, the lexer switches to a "string state" and then switches back to the "normal state" after having matched the guts of the string. So-called "modal" programming, where your code does something different depending on a mode, is often a bad practice. In the situation of complex tokens, it is better to explicity specify the complicated token with more rules. Here is the golden rule of when to and when not to use multiplexed token streams:
For example, the definition of a string in a lexer should simply call another rule to handle the nastiness of escape characters: STRING_LITERAL : '"' (ESC|~('"'|'\\'))* '"' ; protected // not a token; only invoked by another rule. ESC : '\\' ( 'n' | 'r' | 't' | 'b' | 'f' | '"' | '\'' | '\\' | ('u')+ HEX_DIGIT HEX_DIGIT HEX_DIGIT HEX_DIGIT ... ) ; The FutureThe ANTLR 2.6 release provides the basic structure for using token streams--future versions will be more sophisticated once we have experience using them. The current "hidden token" stream filter clearly solves the "ignore but preserve whitespace" problem really well, but it does not handle comments too well in most situations. For example, in real translation problems you want to collect comments at various single tree nodes (like DECL or METHOD) for interpretation rather than leaving them strewn throughout the tree. You really need a stream splitter that buffers up the comments on a separate stream so you can say "give me all comments consumed during the recognition of this rule" or "give me all comments found between these two real tokens." That is almost certainly something you need for translation of comments. Token streams will lead to fascinating possibilities. Most folks are not used to thinking about token streams so it is hard to imagine what else they could be good for.  What about embedded languages where you see slices (aspects) of the input such as Java and SQL (each portion of the input could be sliced off and put through on a different stream). What about parsing Java .class files with and without debugging information? If you have a parser for .class files without debug info and you want to handle .class files with debug info, leave the parser alone and augment the lexer to see the new debug structures. Have a filter split the debug tokens of onto a different stream and the same parser will work for both types of .class files. Later, I would like to add "perspectives", which are really just another way to look at filters. Imagine a raw stream of tokens emanating from a lexer--the root perspective. I can build up a tree of perspectives very easily from there. For example, given a Java program with embedded SQL, you might want multiple perspectives on the input stream for parsing or translation reasons: You could attach a parser to the SQL stream or the Java stream minus comments, with actions querying the comment stream. In the future, I would also like to add the ability of a parser to generate a stream of tokens (or text) as output just like it can build trees now. In this manner, multipass parsing becomes a very natural and simple problem because parsers become stream producers also. The output of one parser can be the input to another. Experience with ANTLR 2.6.0 will guide future work in this area. Please send your cool filter objects and stream/perspective ideas to Terence Parr. Version: $Id: //depot/code/org.antlr/release/antlr-2.7.1/doc/streams.html#1 $ |


remoteable_view.js |
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|---|---|
Duckbone.RemoteableViewA RemoteableView relies upon the server to render its contents. It can be used to integrate a legacy ERB view into a larger Duckbone application. Note that this is rarely a desireable situation, but there may be times when the developer must rely on this technique. UsageSet the ‘url’ property to the route where Rails will render the contents. Configure the route to respond to a normal html format request, and render the html without a layout. Set the loading property, and a “Loading…” message will be displayed the first time it renders. If a model is passed to the view’s initialize method, then the view will render itself again whenever a change event is received. Since this is expensive in terms of time and bandwidth, the rendering is debounced by 500ms. That is, many events occuring together will result in only a single render. |
(function() {
Duckbone.RemoteableView = { |
property isRemoteableViewIndicates the presence of this mixin |
isRemoteableView: true, |
property debounceRequestThe number of ms to wait after a change event is received before rendering the view |
debounceRequest: 500, |
property loadingThe message to render while waiting for html from the server |
loading: "Loading...", |
function initializeSets up the custom rendering function |
initialize: function() {
this.render = _.debounce(_.bind(this.serverSideRender, this), this.debounceRequest);
if (this.model) this.model.bind('change', this.render);
this.render();
}, |
function serverSideRenderReplaces the entire contents of the element with the result from the server |
serverSideRender: function() {
if (!this.url) throw('Set url property on RemoteView to enable server-side rendering.')
if (typeof this.loading == 'string' && $(this.el).html() == "") {
$(this.el).html(this.loading);
}
$.ajax({
url: this.url,
dataType: 'html',
context: this,
success: function(responseHTML) {
$(this.el).empty();
$(this.el).html(responseHTML);
},
error: function(jqXHR, textStatus, errorThrown) {
if (Duckbone.Rails.isDevelopment()) {
$(this.el).html('Error rendering from ' + this.url);
} else {
Duckbone.serverError();
}
}
})
return this;
}
}
}).call(); |


Qubus is a destktop application for management of geotagged images. Read more...
Electron: {{electron}}
Chrome: {{chrome}}
NodeJs: {{node}}
V8: {{v8}}
Commit: {{commit}}
Qubus is a destktop application for management of geotagged images. Read more...
Electron: {{electron}}
Chrome: {{chrome}}
NodeJs: {{node}}
V8: {{v8}}
Commit: {{commit}}


alameda: Define And Require Test
Make sure we can define and require immediately.
Check console for messages


Turkish, U.S. delegations held fruitful talks in Washington: Albayrak
ANKARA (Reuters) - A Turkish delegation accompanying President Tayyip Erdogan in Washington held fruitful talks with U.S. officials, Finance Minister Berat Albayrak said on Wednesday, as the NATO allies seek to overcome mounting differences.
Erdogan is in Washington for talks with President Donald Trump aimed at defusing disputes ranging from Syria policy to Turkey’s purchase of the Russian S-400 missile defense systems.
“We accompanied our president on his visit to Washington, which is very important for Turkey-USA ties. We participated in inter-delegation meetings that were fruitful for our cooperation,” Albayrak said on Twitter.


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Man in crisis closed hwy
by Nicholas JohansenUPDATE: 9:25 a.m.
Police shut down Highway 97 in Lake Country for several hours Thursday night after responding to a distraught man with a weapon in the woods near Roberts Road.
A friend of the distraught man called police at about 5:45 p.m., saying the man was "in crisis."
Lake Country RCMP found the man in a wooded area with a weapon near Roberts Road. Police have not disclosed what type of weapon the man had, but police evacuated nearby homes and closed the highway.
The RCMP crisis negotiation team was brought in and after about four hours, the man surrendered to police.
No charges have been laid at this time.
UPDATE: 10:45 p.m.
Highway 97 has been reopened between Oceola and Robinson roads, and police have cleared the area, after a high-profile police incident closed the highway for several hours Thursday night.
The nature of the incident still remains unclear, and police have yet to respond to Castanet's inquiry, but residents on Roberts Road were evacuated from their homes for some time, as many officers with rifles swarmed the area.
UPDATE: 9:55 p.m.
A resident of Lake Country's Roberts Road says police officers have evacuated him and his neighbours from their homes.
A police incident that began sometime before 8 p.m. has closed Highway 97, but the situation is unclear at this time.
The Roberts Road resident says it appears the RCMP officers are focusing their efforts around the new Lakeview Terrace housing development on Robinson Road, which is directly below his home on Roberts Road.
"My understanding is it's been cleared for our safety in case they have to shoot," the resident said, adding that police have only told him that it's an ongoing situation.
A Lakeview Terrace resident posted to Facebook that officers with guns have her complex "staked out."
Another Castanet reader says she came upon the area when police were first arriving, and noticed several officers searching around the Nor-Val Rentals area on Robinson Road and Highway 97.
DriveBC has no estimate as to when the highway will reopen.
ORIGINAL: 9:30 p.m.
A police incident has closed Highway 97 in Lake Country Thursday night.
The highway is currently closed between Oceola and Robinson roads, near the south end of Wood Lake.
While its unclear what has prompted the closure, Castanet has received several reports that there are multiple police officers in the area with rifles, who appear to be looking for someone.
DriveBC has no estimate of when the highway will reopen.
Castanet will update this story when more information becomes available.
Do you have photos or information about the incident? Send photos and tips to news@castanet.net.


This component is internally consistent on each screen size.
It has a minimum height.
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
It can also be quite a bit taller than its siblings, and the entire row will expand along with this item. This is acheived with a display value fo flex on each child in the grid, which causes the element to stretch vertically.
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).
This component is internally consistent on each screen size, and takes up an even fraction of the screen (100%, 1/2, 1/3, 1/4 or 1/6).


Our team at YoBoats.com is dedicated to providing our customers a high quality boat-listing platform that is both user-friendly and cost-effective. At YoBoats.com, we understand that the process of selling your boat can be quite difficult and costly. YoBoats.com was created in 2012 and is born from the need for a more effective boat-listing platform. Our highest goal at YoBoats.com has always been to create a user-friendly interface that provides a quality experience for both buyers and sellers. Today, we have become the most cost effective boat-listing site online and we look forward to providing these high quality services for many years to come.


There is no change in this product.
Features
-
Provided support for vertical chart.
-
Provided support for smartlabels in cartesian axis.
-
Provided support for highlight/selection in cluster mode.
-
Provided support for hiding the axis title.
-
Provided support for binding fill color and text for point from datasource.
Fixes
-
#143230 - Currency format will now work in tooltip template.
-
#140909 - Pie animation is now completed when the chart is updated sequentially.
-
#142442 - Now the range for axis can be changed on redraw.
-
#140882 - Now the interval for datatime axis is calculated based on data.
-
#140614 - EmptyPoint is now working in KO binding.
-
#143230 - Currency format works fine in tooltip template.
-
#143437 - Connector line is removed, when the datalabel is hidden now.
Breaking-Changes
-
Secondary axes in chart will visible only when it is bound to any series or indicator.
-
When Row count and column count in legend are same, then legend will get plotted based on column count, when its position is top or bottom and it will get plotted based on row count, when its position is right or left.
Fixes
-
#143420 - Validation message scrolls along with grid scroller.
-
#142895 - Script error does not occur in IE9 now when filtering enabled for date column.
-
#143003 - Filter icon issue with column reordering has been fixed.
-
#143823 - Excel filter - Comma in datasource does not truncate the value now.
-
#142718,#142798 - MaxLength and MinLength property works fine in Angular JS.
-
#143140 - Script error is not thrown now when the response in light format in OData adaptor.
-
#141802 - Wrong data is not returned now in getSelectedRecords method while using virtual scrolling
-
#142549 - args.cancel is now working fine in the resizeEnd event.
-
#142535 - Column details are now included in column template.
-
#142470 - ODataV4Adaptor not included in typescript issue is now resolved.
-
#143464 - Searching works as expected.
-
#142103 - Reordering works fine now.
-
#141796 - e-headercellfilter is now removed.
-
#141857 - Records are not removed now when we set the allowDeleting as false in the Batch Editing.
-
#141802 - Wrong data is not returned now in getSelectedRecords method while using virtual scrolling.
-
#141855,#142896 - getSelectedRecords does not return empty result when shift selection is done in a reverse order.
-
#141464 - when scrolling up and down, the grid does not break now.
-
#141556 - Selected data is obtained correctly after refreshing the dataSource.
-
#141429 - TextWrap issue with FrozenColumn is fixed.
-
#141475 - Horizontal scroll bar misbehaves after Grid actions in RTL, issue is now resolved.
-
#141348 - Issue in the Grid rowSelected event getting wrong value in a virtual scrolling after sorting the column is fixed.
-
#141205,#142346 - Content getting scrolled with mouse pointer after expanding and collapsing in grid is resolved.
-
#141206 - FilterIcon issue with column Resizing is fixed now
-
#140916 - clearFiltering function for Grid filtering is provided.
-
#140817 - Filtering now works properly after clearing the filter and filtering using the Search box.
-
#140679 - No longer throws script error when validation is set for the complex data.
-
#140780 - Script error no longer throws when groupedColumns specified intially with allowGrouping as false.
-
#140150 - Grid content is misaligned after resizing and grouping issue is resolved.
-
#141475,#143151 - Issue in the Visibility of Grid column data when scrolling the horizontal scroll bar is fixed.
-
#140474 - Scroller is reset to the top position while using hideColumns or showColumns method issue is resolved.
-
#140474 - Hiding columns issue using field is resolved
-
#140369 - Column chooser label issue in two different Grid with same header text is now resolved.
-
#140194 - Misalignment issue in Grid inside a tab while using the allowScrolling is resolved.
-
#140290 - Responsive Grid Misalignment issue with datasource update is resolved.
-
#140223 - Closing the filter dialog while horizontal scrolling issue is fixed now.
-
#140210,#142338 - ejScroller horizontal scrolling is now working properly with the trackpad.
-
#140178 - Misalignment issue while grouping the column which has width in percentage is resolved.
-
#140076 - Selection now works properly after filter applied with VirtualScrolling enabled.
-
#140026 - EditTemplate write function now maintains the new value instead the original value.
-
#139932 - Templates is now refreshed in angular Grid after performing Grid actions.
-
#139701 - Grouping does not misbehaves while group and Ungroup the column with same header text.
-
#136717 - Filter icon on last column is hidden while binding data by using setmodel function issue has been fixed.
-
#140170 - Checkbox is rendered after setting locale to the grid.
-
#145473 - Column is hidden in the dialog template when the columns in grid are hidden issue is now resolved.
-
#145030 - EJ.Datamanager constructor is correctly defined.
-
#144510 - UTC date and time is displayed as per the given datasource while using ejGrid.
-
#144022 - Column Chooser button is now visible while rendering the Grid inside splitter.
-
#143693 - Filtering Icon is updated after assigning the filteredColumn through model.
-
#144088 - Toolbar icons are triggered by Enter key.
-
#145527 - Exception is no more thrown while adding record to Grid with template column in dialog template edit.
-
#145478 - Validation is now working fine in dialog template while enabling the column chooser.
-
#145322 - While using details grid, data is updated in previous column when setCellValue() method is used issue is now resolved.
-
#144932 - DeleteConfirmDialog is no more displayed when no records are selected for delete operation with context menu.
-
#144643 - Script error is no more thrown while updating the dataSource in angularjs.
-
#144609,#145275 - Dropdown edit with default value is now working.
Changes
-
The API searchFields has been renamed to fields and searchKey has been renamed to key
Common
There is no change in this product.
DigitalGauge
There is no change in this product.
LinearGauge
There is no change in this product.
RadialGauge
There is no change in this product.
Features
-
#134761,#136150,#141741,#142567,#142566,#147387 - PivotGrid can now work completely on client-side for relational datasource alone.
There is no change in this product.
Fixes
-
#145720 - Gradient for Palette items is rendering properly now.
-
#144102 - Updating visibility of user handles is working properly now.
-
#143638 - Updating gridlines at runtime is working properly now.
-
#145548 - Phase resizing is working properly now.
-
#145391 - Connectors are rendered twice in a group node, while performing save and load operation issue is fixed.
-
#145263 - Issue in clearing diagram by using setModel method is resolved.
-
#144834 - Click event is fired on completed panning issue is resolved.
-
#145783 - Unable to update Shadow at runtime by using updateNode API is fixed.
-
#144720 - Disable the Move icon in the UML diagram sample is resolved.
-
#144613 - When you press up/down arrow keys, the oldValue arguments in the propertyChange event is updated now.
-
#144567 - Issue with zOrder, after performing save and load operation in diagram is now resolved.
-
#144721 - The tooltip for angular JS sample can be disabled now.
-
#144182 - AngularJS binding is applied for the nodes at runtime.
-
#148257 - Issue with straight segment has been fixed.
-
#147576 - Selection is now cleared, if the drop event is cancelled.
-
#147193 - While activating both SingleSelect and ZoomPan Tool, node does not get selected is fixed.
-
#146879 - Changing the node properties in node collection changed event is working properly.
-
#145391 - Issue in exporting the group node while performing the clipboard operation in group after saving and loading the diagram is fixed.
-
#146242 - Unable to cancel the text editor, while zooming the diagram is fixed.
-
#146171 - Unable to change the radial gradient from linear gradient is fixed.
-
#145263 - Port to Node connection is rendered properly.
-
#145453 - Bridging created for connector unnecessarily is fixed.
-
#145391 - After performing the clipboard and serialization functionalities with group node, Exporting is not working properly is fixed
-
#148937 - Connector gets selected, when we click within the rectangular bounds is fixed.
-
#148038 - Context menu is now displayed on the right click, when diagram is in read-only mode.
-
#148322 - Multiple nodes are added while dragging and dropping the shapes to labels from symbol palette is fixed.
-
#148695 - Gradient is now applied, when we delete the SVG node which has its own defs section.
-
#148409 - Issue with diagram clear API method has been fixed now.
-
#148449 - Boundary constraint is now working as expected while dragging the elements.
-
#148033 - Selection is now updated properly, when we perform nudge operation with multiple nodes and its connections.
-
#148030 - Undo is now working properly for the multiple selection with nudge operation.
-
#146304 - Property Changing is working properly now after selecting the multiple nodes within the lane.
-
#147011 - Issue with label dragging is fixed.
-
#148063 - While hiding the text node, the text not get hidden is fixed.
-
#146956 - Initial docking is now working properly for port to port creation.
Features
-
#145728 - Support to provide scaling for the Text Editor has been implemented.
-
#145263,#145437 - Support to edit the diagram through API methods, when diagram is readonly has been implemented.
-
#143229 - Inbuilt support to update the diagram size on window resizing has been provided.
-
#143724 - Image support for palette header has been implemented.
-
#142040 - Support to provide drag and drop elements from one diagram to another has been implemented.
-
#146304,#147801 - Support to provide to prevent the element from moving outside of page bounds has been implemented.
Breaking-Changes
-
ej.datavisualization.Diagram.phase is depreciated. Instead of that, use ej.datavisualization.Diagram.Phase.
Features
-
#132818- 3D visualization of OlapChart is supported now.
Fixes
-
#142937- Exporting OLAPChart with large number of legends does not hide the chart.
Features
-
Support to view MDX query in dialog has been provided.
-
Auto Execute support has been provided.
-
Toggle Axis support has been provided.
Fixes
-
#144026- Exporting works properly.
-
#143227- CubeSelector selects currentcube value on initial loading.
There is no change in this product.
Fixes
-
#23582 – Map position is changed when clear the textbox value after zooming in AngularJS
-
#20132 – When ZoomIn map and delete strokethickness some portions of the map disappear
-
#20122 – Darker colors to represent regions with a larger population and vice versa in heatmap sample
Features
-
#20120 - Tooltip for Navigation control
-
#14427 - Need to improve performance and loading time of OpenStreetMap
Fixes
-
#20119 – Crashes occurring when alphabetical inputs to the ‘Group padding’ text box
Features
-
#22041 - Need to provide Gradient color mapping and interactive legend in TreeMap
-
#20359 - Flat collection default layout type need to add in dropdown
Grid
Fixes
-
#141743 - allowPaging enabled Grid now does not throw console error while there is no data in it.
-
#140624 - enablePersistence now works properly on Grid with remote data binding.
Breaking-Changes
-
Datatype of LabelPlacement property in HigherLevel and LowerLevel Labelsetting has been changed from from string to RangeNavigatorLabelPlacement Enum.
-
Datatype of ValueType property has been changed from string to RangeNavigatorValueType Enum.
-
Datatype of RangePadding property has been changed from string to RangePadding Enum.
Features
-
#146380, #146718, #147022, #147249 - Implemented Toolbar click event in Gantt.
-
#144007 - Support for restraining taskbar auto validation due to predecessors has been implemented.
-
#144527 - Support for changing splitter position based on column width has been implemented.
-
#146380, #146718, #147022, #147249 - Implemented events for add/edit dialog open and close.
Fixes
-
#148024 - Issue while modifying the start/ End date in Gantt dialog adding has been resolved.
-
#147358 - Issue while giving baseline startdate as empty string has been resolved.
-
#146982 - Issue with queryTaskbarInfo client side event has been fixed.
-
#146982 - Resource mapping issue while adding a new row has been fixed.
-
#148776 - Unable to edit parent task's resource list using edit dialog box has been fixed.
-
#147131 - Item collection is not updated properly has been fixed.
-
#144626, #147167 - Validate the resource values of Gantt data has been resolved .
-
#145837 - Milestone height is not updated as per rowHeight of the gantt has been resolved.
-
#144287 - Issue with rendering connector lines for taskbars with duration less than 10 days in year schedule mode has been fixed.
-
#144553 - Issue with validating add dialog has been fixed.
-
#144429 - Issue while calculating duration on holidays has been fixed.
-
#144841 - Issue in cancelling the actionBegin event while deleting the row has been fixed.
-
#144840 - Issue while using custom drop down field has been fixed.
-
#144767 - Issue while changing resource collection using dialog editing has been fixed.
Breaking-Changes
-
splitterPosition property in Gantt has been deprecated, instead splitterSettings property has been introduced.
-
actionComplete event will be triggered only once with the collection of records which were updated on an action in Gantt.
-
The default value for enableResize property has been changed to true.
-
actionComplete event with requestType recordUpdate will not be triggered while adding a new row in Gantt. It will be triggered only when a task is updated.
Features
-
The Agenda View feature allows you to display the list of appointments in a grid-like view, categorized based on the dates and resources levels.
-
Tooltip feature allows you to display the schedule appointments details on appointment mouse over. It can be customized using template.
-
First day of the week feature allows the Scheduler to modify the first day of the week and the workweek. In week view and workweek view, the next consecutive seven or five days from the specified start day are displayed on the Scheduler respectively.
-
The Workweek feature allows the user to customize the display of working days with the set of user-defined day's collection.
-
The user is allowed to provide any kind of data type values to the id field of the Scheduler appointments. The GUID has been generated internally for each scheduler appointment.
Fixes
-
#143457- Time is shown properly now in create window of horizontal custom view scheduler.
-
#142876- Appointment details are now displayed in the beforeContextMenuOpen event.
-
#142813- Drag and drop now works properly while applying the bootstrap css.
-
#142689- An All day appointment can now be dragged into a normal appointment.
-
#142778- Cell misalignment does not occur now when we give lengthier name for resources.
-
#142763- Script error is not thrown now when you drag and drop the appointment.
-
#142689- Support provided for the appointment preview while dragging.
-
#142689- Recurrence delete is not completely different now.
-
#142689- Days of the week in Vietnamese is right.
-
#142689- Casing is proper in repeat appointment window and margin is set to full window.
-
#142689- Setting end date for recurrence before begin date is not allowed.
-
#142689- The delete dialog confirmation window works fine.
-
#142689- Casing is fine in quick appointment edit window.
-
#142689- Able to drag and drop small appointment.
-
#142492- Current Time Indicator's alignment issue has been fixed, while rendering with multiple resources.
-
#142380 - Delete icon will now be displayed if you set enableAppointmentResize as false.
-
#142380 - Doesn't print full Scheduler it prints only part issue is resolved.
-
#142380 - Data is refreshed at the time of appointment creation.
-
#142506, #142771 - Support provided to accept any data type to Id field.
-
#142380 - Custom window opens when we set showQuickWindow false.
-
#141631 - Appointment data binds while calling the webservice by using the URL.
-
#141786 - Cell misalignment issue in horizontal day view is resolved.
-
#F119993 - Drag and drop now works properly in horizontal resource grouping.
-
#143630 - Categorize settings can be set in URL dataSource.
-
#144961 - Date is navigated initially in custom view.
-
#143705 - When "e-schedule" class is set to cssClass property, Schedule header datepicker does not collapse.
Breaking changes
-
Click here, to know about the list of API’s removed or modified in the vol-3 release.
Features
-
#143274 - Performance improvement in rendering large data in collapsed state has been established.
-
#137255, #138371,#139356, #143503, #144557, #144625 - Support for custom header has been implemented.
-
#141000 - Support for custom sub-context menu item has been implemented.
-
#139356, #141368, #145247, #147299, #148240 - Frozen columns has been implemented.
-
#147639, #148244 - Support to trigger rowSelected event with mouse right click has been implemented.
Fixes
-
#148688 - Issue in filtering when TreeGrid field name contains underscore(_) has been resolved.
-
#147637 - Issue with TreeGrid dropdown data displaying value field instead of text field has been resolved.
-
#147476 - Column chooser issue while rendering Grid and TreeGrid in same page has been fixed.
-
#147457 - Issue while adding a new row has been fixed.
-
#146179 - Issue with rendering special character in TreeGrid has been resolved.
-
#144714 - Sample caption issue in details template sample has been resolved.
-
#142457 - Issue in refreshing a row which is not in view in virtualization mode has been fixed.
-
#142432,#141688 - Issue while doing cell edit with out edit icon in toolbar has been fixed.
-
#142491 - Issue in TreeGrid scroller while zooming the browser has been fixed.
-
#142334 - Drag tooltip issue in multiple treegrid has been fixed.
Breaking-Changes
-
The default value for enableResize property has been changed to true.
-
requestType value in rowDragStop event arguments is changed from rowDragStop to insert position(insertAbove/insertBelow/insertAsChild).
-
Now, you can get the child items using the childRecords option in the parent record. The option (with the same name given in the childMapping property), which
you were using to get the child items from the parent record, has been removed now due to duplicate properties, you can use childRecords property instead.
Fixes
-
#143033- Dependent dataset now works fine.
-
#142248- Drilldown expand/Collapse now works fine.
-
#F120275 - Background color and images are rendered while printing in Chrome Browser.
-
#144207 - Chart does not throw exception when placed inside group items.
Fixes
-
Calcengine formulas have been stabilized.
Features
-
The Spreadsheet control for JavaScript is a Microsoft Excel-like spreadsheet component for the web. It provides an editing experience that is very similar to that of Excel, and is able to import and export Excel workbook files.
|


University at Buffalo Network Defense is a Cyber Security class & club
Whether you're already a kali wiz or don't know what kali is, learn marketable skills in a growing field. Working in a collaborative environment, everyone is welcome and it's never too late to start.
Use the concepts that you will learn to design, build, and secure your very own full-scale network. You will gain hands-on experience by applying the knowledge that you acquire.
Step up and take your skills to the next level. Join a UBNetDef team and travel to competitions, where you can go head to head with top schools to compete for fame and prizes.


RT @SimpsonsQOTD: "The doctor said I wouldn't have so many nosebleeds if I kept my finger outta there."
11/28/2013, 8:42:08 AM
Favs: 0
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link--- layout: tweet ---
RT @SimpsonsQOTD: "The doctor said I wouldn't have so many nosebleeds if I kept my finger outta there."
11/28/2013, 8:42:08 AM
Favs: 0
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link


WITNESS LIST
Human Services Committee
April 15, 2014 - 9:00 AM
Foster Care Redesign/Adoption
On:
Andolino, Debbie (Self)
Barillas, Ph.D., Katherine (One Voice)
Bentley, Crystal (Self; Angel Reach/Brave)
Black, Jim (Self; Angel Eyes over Texas)
Black, Lisa (DFPS, CPS)
Blake, Aaron (The Texas Moses Project)
Blankenship, Al (Self; Covenant kids)
Carson, Wayne (ACH Child and Family Services)
Clements, Irene (Texas Foster Family Association)
Finley, Vikki (Spaulding for children)
Gendron, Christine (Texas network of youth services)
Gonzalez, Gail (Dept of family and protective services)
Greenhaw, Jonathon (Self; Bringing Resiliency Advocacy Valor and Excellence)
Harris, Ashley (Texans Care for Children)
Harris, Erica (Texas state employees union)
Hartman, Robert (Providence service corporation)
Holman, Nancy (Texas Alliance of Child and Family Services)
Homer, Andrew (Texas CASA)
Kendrick, Bruce (Embrace Texas)
Martinez, Diana (TexProtects, The Texas Association for the Protection of Children)
Milford, Kim (Self)
Miller, Trista (Self)
Obaseki, Min. Tyrone (Self; Angel Reach)
Oliva, Juan (Self; Brining Resiliency Advocacy Valor and Excellence)
Schultz, Vickye (The Gladney Center For Adoption)
Somereve, Margaret (Self)
Specia, John (Dept Family and Protective Services)
Spiller, Lee (Self; Citizens Commission On Human Rights)
Velarde, Alfonso (Child crisis center of el paso)
Wilson, Jill (Self)
Registering, but not testifying:
On:
Kelly, Craig (Self; Angel reach)
Reinhardt, Kaysie (Dept of family and protective services)
Shaw, Jean (Dept of family and protective services)
Staat, David (Self)
Williams, Shatiqua (Angel reach)
1


You can appreciate these values. Improve and keep up to date.
Please be careful, only change this if anything happen.


HENRY'S BLOG
Articles
My Take On The DBC Experience
Websites With Good Design
Website Analysis
Design of Spotify.com/de
Design of Squareup.com
Design of Google+
Subarticle1
Text


As we already know, a function in JavaScript is a value.
Every value in JavaScript has a type. What type is a function?
In JavaScript, functions are objects.
A good way to imagine functions is as callable “action objects”. We can not only call them, but also treat them as objects: add/remove properties, pass by reference etc.
Function objects contain some useable properties.
For instance, a function’s name is accessible as the “name” property:
```js run function sayHi() { alert(“Hi”); }
alert(sayHi.name); // sayHi ```
What’s kind of funny, the name-assigning logic is smart. It also assigns the correct name to a function even if it’s created without one, and then immediately assigned:
```js run let sayHi = function () { alert(“Hi”); };
alert(sayHi.name); // sayHi (there’s a name!) ```
It also works if the assignment is done via a default value:
```js run function f(sayHi = function () {}) { alert(sayHi.name); // sayHi (works!) }
f(); ```
In the specification, this feature is called a “contextual name”. If the function does not provide one, then in an assignment it is figured out from the context.
Object methods have names too:
```js run let user = { sayHi() { // … },
sayBye: function () { // … }, };
alert(user.sayHi.name); // sayHi alert(user.sayBye.name); // sayBye ```
There’s no magic though. There are cases when there’s no way to figure out the right name. In that case, the name property is empty, like here:
```js run // function created inside array let arr = [function () {}];
alert(arr[0].name); //
In practice, however, most functions do have a name.
There is another built-in property “length” that returns the number of function parameters, for instance:
```js run function f1(a) {} function f2(a, b) {} function many(a, b, …more) {}
alert(f1.length); // 1 alert(f2.length); // 2 alert(many.length); // 2 ```
Here we can see that rest parameters are not counted.
The length
property is sometimes used for introspection in functions that operate on other functions.
For instance, in the code below the ask
function accepts a question
to ask and an arbitrary number of handler
functions to call.
Once a user provides their answer, the function calls the handlers. We can pass two kinds of handlers:
To call handler
the right way, we examine the handler.length
property.
The idea is that we have a simple, no-arguments handler syntax for positive cases (most frequent variant), but are able to support universal handlers as well:
```js run function ask(question, …handlers) { let isYes = confirm(question);
for (let handler of handlers) { if (handler.length == 0) { if (isYes) handler(); } else { handler(isYes); } } }
// for positive answer, both handlers are called // for negative answer, only the second one ask( “Question?”, () => alert(“You said yes”), (result) => alert(result) ); ```
This is a particular case of so-called polymorphism – treating arguments differently depending on their type or, in our case depending on the length
. The idea does have a use in JavaScript libraries.
We can also add properties of our own.
Here we add the counter
property to track the total calls count:
```js run function sayHi() { alert(“Hi”);
! // let’s count how many times we run sayHi.counter++; /! } sayHi.counter = 0; // initial value
sayHi(); // Hi sayHi(); // Hi
alert( Called ${sayHi.counter} times
); // Called 2 times ```
``warn header="A property is not a variable" A property assigned to a function like
sayHi.counter = 0does *not* define a local variable
counterinside it. In other words, a property
counterand a variable
let counter` are two unrelated things.
We can treat a function as an object, store properties in it, but that has no effect on its execution. Variables are not function properties and vice versa. These are just parallel worlds. ```
Function properties can replace closures sometimes. For instance, we can rewrite the counter function example from the chapter info:closure to use a function property:
```js run function makeCounter() { // instead of: // let count = 0
function counter() { return counter.count++; }
counter.count = 0;
return counter; }
let counter = makeCounter(); alert(counter()); // 0 alert(counter()); // 1 ```
The count
is now stored in the function directly, not in its outer Lexical Environment.
Is it better or worse than using a closure?
The main difference is that if the value of count
lives in an outer variable, then external code is unable to access it. Only nested functions may modify it. And if it’s bound to a function, then such a thing is possible:
```js run function makeCounter() {
function counter() { return counter.count++; };
counter.count = 0;
return counter; }
let counter = makeCounter();
! counter.count = 10; alert( counter() ); // 10 /! ```
So the choice of implementation depends on our aims.
Named Function Expression, or NFE, is a term for Function Expressions that have a name.
For instance, let’s take an ordinary Function Expression:
And add a name to it:
Did we achieve anything here? What’s the purpose of that additional "func"
name?
First let’s note, that we still have a Function Expression. Adding the name "func"
after function
did not make it a Function Declaration, because it is still created as a part of an assignment expression.
Adding such a name also did not break anything.
The function is still available as sayHi()
:
``js run let sayHi = function *!*func*/!*(who) { alert(
Hello, ${who}`); };
sayHi(“John”); // Hello, John ```
There are two special things about the name func
, that are the reasons for it:
For instance, the function sayHi
below calls itself again with "Guest"
if no who
is provided:
``js run let sayHi = function *!*func*/!*(who) { if (who) { alert(
Hello, ${who}`); } else { ! func(“Guest”); // use func to re-call itself /! } };
sayHi(); // Hello, Guest
// But this won’t work: func(); // Error, func is not defined (not visible outside of the function) ```
Why do we use func
? Maybe just use sayHi
for the nested call?
Actually, in most cases we can:
let sayHi = function(who) {
if (who) {
alert(`Hello, ${who}`);
} else {
*!*
sayHi("Guest");
*/!*
}
};
The problem with that code is that sayHi
may change in the outer code. If the function gets assigned to another variable instead, the code will start to give errors:
``js run let sayHi = function(who) { if (who) { alert(
Hello, ${who}`); } else { ! sayHi(“Guest”); // Error: sayHi is not a function /! } };
let welcome = sayHi; sayHi = null;
welcome(); // Error, the nested sayHi call doesn’t work any more! ```
That happens because the function takes sayHi
from its outer lexical environment. There’s no local sayHi
, so the outer variable is used. And at the moment of the call that outer sayHi
is null
.
The optional name which we can put into the Function Expression is meant to solve exactly these kinds of problems.
Let’s use it to fix our code:
``js run let sayHi = function *!*func*/!*(who) { if (who) { alert(
Hello, ${who}`); } else { ! func(“Guest”); // Now all fine /! } };
let welcome = sayHi; sayHi = null;
welcome(); // Hello, Guest (nested call works) ```
Now it works, because the name "func"
is function-local. It is not taken from outside (and not visible there). The specification guarantees that it will always reference the current function.
The outer code still has its variable sayHi
or welcome
. And func
is an “internal function name”, how the function can call itself internally.
```smart header=“There’s no such thing for Function Declaration” The “internal name” feature described here is only available for Function Expressions, not for Function Declarations. For Function Declarations, there is no syntax for adding an “internal” name.
Sometimes, when we need a reliable internal name, it’s the reason to rewrite a Function Declaration to Named Function Expression form. ```
Functions are objects.
Here we covered their properties:
name
– the function name. Usually taken from the function definition, but if there’s none, JavaScript tries to guess it from the context (e.g. an assignment).length
– the number of arguments in the function definition. Rest parameters are not counted.If the function is declared as a Function Expression (not in the main code flow), and it carries the name, then it is called a Named Function Expression. The name can be used inside to reference itself, for recursive calls or such.
Also, functions may carry additional properties. Many well-known JavaScript libraries make great use of this feature.
They create a “main” function and attach many other “helper” functions to it. For instance, the jQuery library creates a function named $
. The lodash library creates a function _
, and then adds _.clone
, _.keyBy
and other properties to it (see the docs when you want to learn more about them). Actually, they do it to lessen their pollution of the global space, so that a single library gives only one global variable. That reduces the possibility of naming conflicts.
So, a function can do a useful job by itself and also carry a bunch of other functionality in properties.


Futute Full Stack Developr and a graduate of the University of Texas at Austin Coding Bootcamp. Bachelor's in Kinesiology and graduated summa cum laude. I am a life long learner and dedicating my time to becoming the best full stack developor I can be. My expertise is in JavaScript, React.js, React-Native, HTML5, CSS, Bootstrap, and JQuery. I am known for my dedication and discipline in my work. I love working with others, but I also think it's important to work alone. I been known as both a team player and a leader! I am committed to making the user experience simple and easy.
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