This module implements a simple way of giving operational visibility
of events in the system. It expects a Key and Data where the
Key is used to increment a counter in a table and also to store the
last received Data for that Key. The Data is preferred to be a list
of {K,V}
tuples, if it is any other format, it uses [{data, Data}]
to store the last information.
otter_lib_snapshot_count:sup_init()
from a persistent process.
The simplest is to call from the application supervisor init. The call
only creaes the ETS tables that need an owner process to stay around.
| delete_all_counters/0 | Delete all counters and data (snapshot). |
| delete_counter/1 | Delete the counter and data (snapshot) for a key. |
| get_snap/1 | Return the last stored data (snapshot) for a key. |
| list_counts/0 | List all the counters with their values. |
| snapshot/2 | Increase a counter for the given Key and store the Data. |
| sup_init/0 | Initialize the ETS tables to store counters/snapshots. |
delete_all_counters() -> ok
Delete all counters and data (snapshot)
delete_counter(Key::term()) -> ok
Delete the counter and data (snapshot) for a key
get_snap(Key::term()) -> term()
Return the last stored data (snapshot) for a key
list_counts() -> [{Key::term(), Counter::integer()}]
List all the counters with their values
snapshot(Key::term(), Data::term()) -> integer()
Increase a counter for the given Key and store the Data. If the data
is a property (key-value) list then it adds the timestamp in
{Year, Month, Day, Hour, Min, Sec, Us}
format to the list with key
snap_timestamp`. If it is not a property list then it stores the
data in a property list with key `data
and adds the timestamp.
It returns the current counter value for the key.
sup_init() -> term()
Initialize the ETS tables to store counters/snapshots. Should be called from a persistent process/
Generated by EDoc, May 26 2017, 00:23:00.


Brazilian Grand Prix practice: Alex Albon fastest but crashes
by Scott MitchellRed Bull driver Alex Albon set the fastest lap in opening practice for Formula 1's Brazilian Grand Prix before crashing, while Lewis Hamilton failed to set a time.
Albon was quickest after the intermediate tyre runs but shunted with fewer than three minutes remaining while preparing for a late flying lap on slicks.
The session was not restarted, meaning Albon led the way from Valtteri Bottas and Sebastian Vettel.
Torrential rain hit Interlagos on Thursday evening and again on Friday morning, but conditions eased as the first 90-minute session began and by the end of practice one drivers were able to attempt a small amount of running on slick tyres.
Ferrari driver Vettel was the first to brave a soaking wet track, using full wet tyres a couple of minutes into the session, but it would take another 20 minutes before a lap time was set.
Carlos Sainz Jr posted a 1m22.149s that stood as the lone time for another 10 minutes, before Charles Leclerc went quickest on a 1m21.259s.
Leclerc was then first to move onto intermediate tyres, which he used to go four seconds faster than before and he stayed on top initially even as others discarded wets too.
Vettel later displaced his Ferrari team-mate with a 1m17.041s before Valtteri Bottas set the first sub-1m17s lap, a 1m16.693s.
With 20 minutes remaining, Hamilton and both Red Bull drivers were among those still to set a lap time.
Albon then leapt from the foot of the times to first place, posting a 1m16.399s, while Max Verstappen waited until just over five minutes were left before heading out for his first flying lap - on slick tyres.
The perils of the slippery surface were immediately evident, though, as Verstappen spun in the middle of the Senna S shortly after Leclerc had run wide at the same place.
Daniil Kvyat also had a harmless spin at the top of the first complex, but Albon was not as lucky as his colleagues.
The recently-confirmed Red Bull 2020 driver was completing his out-lap when he slid off the road approaching the penultimate corner.
Albon hit the barriers heavily, with the front-right of his car taking the brunt of the impact, and the session was red-flagged and not restarted.
It meant no driver improved on slick tyres at the end, leaving Albon quickest from Bottas, Vettel, Leclerc, and Sainz.
Albon's shunt also meant Romain Grosjean, Sergio Perez, Verstappen and Hamilton all failed to set a time.
Practice one times
| Pos | Driver | Car | Time | Gap | Laps |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Alexander Albon | Red Bull/Honda | 1m16.142s | - | 9 |
| 2 | Valtteri Bottas | Mercedes | 1m16.693s | 0.551s | 10 |
| 3 | Sebastian Vettel | Ferrari | 1m17.041s | 0.899s | 13 |
| 4 | Charles Leclerc | Ferrari | 1m17.285s | 1.143s | 13 |
| 5 | Carlos Sainz Jr. | McLaren/Renault | 1m17.786s | 1.644s | 16 |
| 6 | Nico Hulkenberg | Renault | 1m17.899s | 1.757s | 8 |
| 7 | Daniel Ricciardo | Renault | 1m17.985s | 1.843s | 9 |
| 8 | Pierre Gasly | Toro Rosso/Honda | 1m18.100s | 1.958s | 17 |
| 9 | Daniil Kvyat | Toro Rosso/Honda | 1m18.274s | 2.132s | 16 |
| 10 | Lando Norris | McLaren/Renault | 1m18.559s | 2.417s | 15 |
| 11 | George Russell | Williams/Mercedes | 1m18.779s | 2.637s | 18 |
| 12 | Kevin Magnussen | Haas/Ferrari | 1m19.247s | 3.105s | 10 |
| 13 | Lance Stroll | Racing Point/Mercedes | 1m19.414s | 3.272s | 6 |
| 14 | Kimi Raikkonen | Alfa Romeo/Ferrari | 1m19.532s | 3.390s | 12 |
| 15 | Antonio Giovinazzi | Alfa Romeo/Ferrari | 1m19.600s | 3.458s | 18 |
| 16 | Nicholas Latifi | Williams/Mercedes | 1m20.010s | 3.868s | 16 |
| 17 | Romain Grosjean | Haas/Ferrari | - | - | 3 |
| 18 | Sergio Perez | Racing Point/Mercedes | - | - | 1 |
| 19 | Max Verstappen | Red Bull/Honda | - | - | 3 |
| 20 | Lewis Hamilton | Mercedes | - | - | 3 |


VadimAssistant
A real solution for protecting your office
How does it work?
-
A ferocious stare.
Vadim Tudor is very well known for having a very ferocious look.
-
A stunning shout.
Nothing is more intimidating than Vadim's angry shouts. No unwanted visitor will stay in your office afther hearing the tribune.
All this power at the press of a button
Just install the app on your phone and all of Vadim's power is at your fingertips.
How does it work?
Pre-requisites
- Android Things compatible board with a 3.5mm audio jack
- Android Studio 2.2+
- A 3.5mm audio jack speaker
- A hdmi connected display (optional)
Setup
- Clone the repository.
- Open the project in android studio.
- Connect the android things device installed via adb.
- Run the "things" task on the connected device.
- Add the andorid device ip in the MainActivity in the "mobile" package.
- Connect the android phone via adb.
- Make sure the devices are on the same network.
- Run the "mobile" task on the connected device.
- Connect a speaker to the android things device.
-
(Optional) Connect a display to the android things device
It is very important that the display gets connected after the speakear.


- onActivityCreated(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverDrawerProfileFragment
-
onActivityCreated method for DriverDrawerProfileFragment fragment
- onActivityCreated(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverRequestFragment
-
Method connects to firebase and retrieves driver info
- onBackPressed() - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverDrawerActivity
-
Method is called when the back button is pressed
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.ActiveRequestsActivity
-
onCreate method for ActiveRequestsActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverDrawerActivity
-
onCreate method for DriverDrawerActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverProfileActivity
-
onCreate method for DriverProfileActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverProfileEditable
-
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.LogInActivity
-
onCreate method for LogInActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.MainActivity
-
onCreate method for MainActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.MapsActivity
-
onCreate method for MapsActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.PayAcceptedActivity
-
onCreate method for PayAcceptedActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.PaymentActivity
-
onCreate method for PaymentActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.RequestRideActivity
-
onCreate method for RequestRideActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.RideConfirmedActivity
-
onCreate method for RideConfirmedActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.RiderActivity
-
onCreate method for RiderActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.RiderProfileActivity
-
onCreate method for RiderProfileActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.RiderProfileEditable
-
onCreate method for RiderProfileEditable class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.SelectionActivity
-
onCreate method for SelectionActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.SignUpActivity
-
onCreate method for the SignUpActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.TripFeedBackActivity
-
onCreate method for TripFeedBackActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.VerifyActivity
-
onCreate method for VerifyActivity
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.YourActiveRidesActivity
-
onCreate method for YourActiveRidesActivity class
- onCreate(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.YourRideRequestActivity
-
onCreate method for YourRideRequestActivity class
- onCreateDialog(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.AcceptRequestFragment
-
onCreateDialog method for AcceptRequestFragment fragment
Allows driver to accept ride request
- onCreateDialog(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.CancelFragment
-
onCreateDialog method for CancelFragment fragment
- onCreateDialog(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverProfileFragment
-
onCreateDialog method for DriverProfileFragment fragment
- onCreateDialog(Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.RideCancelledFragment
-
onCreateDialog method for RideCancelledFragment fragment
- onCreateView(LayoutInflater, ViewGroup, Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.AcceptRequestFragment
-
onCreateView method for AcceptRequestFragment fragment
- onCreateView(LayoutInflater, ViewGroup, Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverDrawerProfileFragment
-
onCreateView method for DriverDrawerProfileFragment fragment
- onCreateView(LayoutInflater, ViewGroup, Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverMapFragment
-
onCreateView method for DriverMapFragment fragment
- onCreateView(LayoutInflater, ViewGroup, Bundle) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverRequestFragment
-
onCreateView method for DriverRequestFragment fragment
- onMapReady(GoogleMap) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverMapFragment
-
On Maps Activity
Set my location to true
- onMapReady(GoogleMap) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.MapsActivity
-
Manipulates the map once available.
- onMapReady(GoogleMap) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.RiderActivity
-
Method initializes the google map
- onNavigationItemSelected(MenuItem) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverDrawerActivity
-
Method is called when navigation item is selected in the DriverDrawerActivity class
- onOkPressed() - Method in interface com.example.skipthegas.AcceptRequestFragment.OnFragmentInteractionListener
-
- onOkPressed() - Method in interface com.example.skipthegas.CancelFragment.OnFragmentInteractionListener
-
- onOkPressed() - Method in interface com.example.skipthegas.DriverProfileFragment.OnFragmentInteractionListener
-
- onOkPressed() - Method in interface com.example.skipthegas.RideCancelledFragment.OnFragmentInteractionListener
-
- onOkPressed() - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.YourRideRequestActivity
-
This displays to the screen that a ride has been cancelled if the user selects "ok" on the
cancel ride fragment
- onRequestPermissionsResult(int, String[], int[]) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.DriverMapFragment
-
Get device permission to get current location
- onRequestPermissionsResult(int, String[], int[]) - Method in class com.example.skipthegas.RiderActivity
-
Method asks user permission for enabling location on their device


|
CANADIAN VICTORY INSPIRES U.S. HATE LAW RESISTANCE By Rev. Ted Pike For the past 14 years, he was the terror of anyone charged with a hate crime in Canada. Athanasios Hadjis was a national hate crimes hearings officer who always delivered a GUILTY verdict. He was feared by those accused of speech even "likely" to incite hatred or contempt against Jews, blacks, Muslims, or other protected minorities. Chairman Hadjis and the Canadian Human Rights Tribunal (CHRT) had never delivered an "innocent" verdict. Until last Wednesday. After presiding over the case of accused internet Holocaust questioner Marc Lemire, this legendary hate law Torquemada made an astonishing ruling. He proclaimed that his oft-used federal internet law, Section 13.1, was unenforceable according to the Canadian constitution! Canadian law makes a federal hate criminal of anyone who publicly questions the extent and methods of the Holocaust. Such a free thinker can be heavily fined and even imprisoned. Yet Hadjis mocked hate law dictum, letting an inveterate Holocaust questioner off the hook! His decree effectively asserted that it?s not a hate crime to doubt that six million Jews were killed in the Holocaust primarily with gas chambers! The Canadian branches of the Anti-Defamation League of B'nai B'rith (Canadian Jewish Congress and B'nai B'rith Canada) loudly decry Hadjis' rebellion. It was they who finally persuaded Parliament in 1971?after a decade of lobbying?to enact their hate law: the Canadian Human Right Act and its infamous Section 319. To preserve the hate law, the Canadian government may contest Hadjis' decision even to Canada's Supreme Court. Yet a breach has occurred in the seemingly impenetrable wall of the Canadian hate law gestapo. Hadjis set a precedent that could widen; Section 319, chief tool for harassment of Christians and conservatives for nearly 40 years, could even be destroyed! The Power of Public
Outrage
Popular opinion is a growing power, strengthened in Canada by the pervasiveness of the internet. For the past six years, our website, www.truthtellers.org, has blanketed Canada (and all other hate law nations in the western industrialized world) with truth about hate law abuses and hate laws? mastermind, ADL/B'nai B'rith. Canadians are now bombarded by voices from in and outside Canada informing them how hate laws will deprive them of even more freedom. But they do have the right to at least criticize the federal and provincial hate laws that silence their beliefs. Editorials, blogs, complaints to legislative bodies are supported by MPs and political candidates advocating repeal of hate laws. An upheaval of Canadian protest now swells against the hard Marxist crust of Canada's political landscape. It is rising with volcanic potential to overthrow everything ADL/B'nai B'rith has done to take away Canadian freedom over the past decades. Why has Hadjis reversed after 14 years of obedience to Canadian Jewish supremacism? Governments and rulers may seem impervious to change and _expression_ of the public will. But if that will exerts itself long and angrily enough, some officials will weigh the disadvantages of serving the Zionist lobby and eventually cast their lot with the citizens. Hadjis knows a large sector of the Canadian populace, its intellectuals, and its press is on his side. People power is now flexing its muscle in Canada, showing its mighty ability to effect change for the better. Tear Down Hate Bill?s Barbed
Wire!
Thus, we see an amazing anomaly: Canada, after nearly 40 years of hate law folly and injustice, is at last showing signs of wanting to exit the hate law nightmare. At the same time, evidently having learned nothing from the ADL-induced Canadian catastrophe, American liberalism is now prepared to try Canada's failed hate law experiment in the US! Both Houses of Congress recently passed ADL's Hate Crimes Prevention Act and are sending it to conference and expected signing by Obama as early as this month. Pres. Obama is strongly dissatisfied with the National Defense Authorization bill to which the hate bill was attached in the Senate. Despite Obama's threats to veto such pork-laden legislation, top Democrats in the Senate and House are publicly defying him, saying they will include defense contracts, such as an extra $2 billion for F-35 fighter planes. They are confident they can back him down. But the President is not going to back down in his first veto threat to Congress. Patriots should recognize the opportunity that this conflict creates to do what seemed impossible six weeks ago: defeat the hate bill! We should learn from our Canadian neighbors that dogged, long-term resistance eventually shakes the upper branches of government. The hate bill could be signed into law within only a few weeks. Christians/conservatives must immediately do everything we can to threaten political disaster to Obama and the Democrats if he signs the hate bill.
Since the military bill is must-pass, top-priority legislation, we can expect fast movement forward. Fax, write the President, and call your elected representatives immediately. Let's do our best, trusting in Almighty God, to make sure the barbed wire fence of hate laws isn?t erected by the President?s signature. Instead, let?s pray that as a result of discord between Democrats it is torn down and trampled long before.
~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
Let the Anti-Defamation League teach you how they have saddled 45 states with hate laws capable of persecuting Christians, and spearhead attempts to pass the federal hate crimes bill: http://www.adl.org/99hatecrime/intro.asp. TALK SHOW HOSTS: Interview Rev. Ted Pike on this subject. Call<PHONE_NUMBER>. The freedom-saving outreach of Rev. Ted Pike and the National Prayer Network is solely supported by sale of books, videos and your financial support. All gifts are tax-deductible. NATIONAL PRAYER NETWORK, P.O.
Box 828, Clackamas, OR
97015
www.truthtellers.org [To unsubscribe from this list, reply with "unsubscribe" in the subject field.] |


Docker and CRNT4SBML¶
To further the accessibility of CRNT4SBML, we have created a Dockerfile for CRNT4SBML. This allows one to use the full
Linux version of CRNT4SBML. Docker is a software platform that uses OS-level
virtualization to deliver software in packages called containers. Although there are many reasons to use Docker, our main
use case will be to provide our users with a simple install of CRNT4SBML. To begin, first install Docker and then download
Dockerfile
into the directory of your choice.
Once you are in the directory where Dockerfile exists, one can create an image of CRNT4SBML named “crnt4sbml_image” by completing the following in a terminal:
$ docker build -t crnt4sbml_image .
Using this image, we can then create a basic container named “crnt4sbml_container” using the following command:
$ docker create --name crnt4sbml_container -t -i crnt4sbml_image /bin/bash
Alternatively, if one would like to mount the folders “sbml_files” and “example_scripts” of the host machine to the container upon creation one can do the following:
$ docker create --name crnt4sbml_container --mount type=bind,source=/path/to/sbml_files,target=/home/crnt4sbml-user/sbml_files --mount type=bind,source=/host/path/to/example_scripts,target=/home/crnt4sbml-user/example_scripts -t -i crnt4sbml_image /bin/bash
This will allow the user to easily access and add both sbml files and python scripts between Docker and the host machine. To launch the container do the following:
$ docker start -i crnt4sbml_container
Now that we are in the container, we can run any of the Python scripts for CRNT4SBML that are available for Linux
(in particular crnt4sbml.GeneralApproach()
and crnt4sbml.MassConservationApproach()
without numerical
continuation).
Useful commands:
Show all containers:
$ docker ps -a
Show all images:
$ docker images -a


Scene transition
Transition
In the combo the type of transition can be choose between :
- No transition
- From the top to the bottom
- From the bottom to the top
- From the left to the right
- From the right to the left
Transition time
In this field we can choose the time the transition is going to need (miliseconds).
See also
General explanation of the exits


Next: internal-time-units-per-second, Previous: step, Up: Environment Dictionary
time
form ⇒ {result}*
form—a form; evaluated as described below.
results—the values returned by the form.
time evaluates form in the current environment (lexical and dynamic). A call to time can be compiled.
time prints various timing data and other information to trace output. The nature and format of the printed information is implementation-defined. Implementations are encouraged to provide such information as elapsed real time, machine run time, and storage management statistics.
The accuracy of the results depends, among other things, on the accuracy of the corresponding functions provided by the underlying operating system.
The magnitude of the results may depend on the hardware, the operating system, the lisp implementation, and the state of the global environment. Some specific issues which frequently affect the outcome are hardware speed, nature of the scheduler (if any), number of competing processes (if any), system paging, whether the call is interpreted or compiled, whether functions called are compiled, the kind of garbage collector involved and whether it runs, whether internal data structures (e.g., hash tables) are implicitly reorganized, etc.
get-internal-real-time, get-internal-run-time
In general, these timings are not guaranteed to be reliable enough for marketing comparisons. Their value is primarily heuristic, for tuning purposes.
For useful background information on the complicated issues involved in interpreting timing results, see Performance and Evaluation of Lisp Programs.


Meghan
Kelly
University of Kansas - Geography
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|
Figure 1
|
Schematic representation of the correlation function G ( r ) ... |
|
Figure 2
|
Schematic representation of different LC phases. ( a) The ne ... |
|
Figure 3
|
( a) Local BO order field Ψ n ( r ) in a 2D system with the ... |
|
Figure 4
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Scheme of an X-ray diffraction experiment in transmission ge ... |
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Figure 5
|
Scheme of the diffraction experiment on free standing liquid ... |
|
Figure 6
|
Generic phase diagram of the LC in the vicinity of the Hex-B ... |
|
Figure 7
|
Magnitudes of the Fourier components | I n ( q 0 ) | as a fu ... |
|
Figure 8
|
( a) Temperature dependence of the parameter λ for three LC ... |
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Figure 9
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Coexistence of the smectic-A (Sm-A) and stacked hexatic (Hex ... |
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Figure 10
|
Dependence of the temperature width of the Sm-A and Hex-B co ... |
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Figure 11
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( a– d) Measured diffraction patterns from 3(10)OBC LC compo ... |
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Figure 12
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( a– f) Spatially resolved maps of the magnitude of the norm ... |
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Figure 13
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Experimentally measured cross-correlation function (CCF) C ( ... |
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Figure 14
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( a, b) Diffraction patterns from solution of charge-stabili ... |
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Figure 15
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( a) Schematic view of a single PbS nanoparticle with the sh ... |
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Figure 16
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( a, b) Spatially resolved maps, showing the angular positio ... |
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Figure 17
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( a, d, g) Illustration of the three feature length scales i ... |
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Figure 18
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( a) Temporal evolution of an ensemble of randomly oriented ... |


Advanced Networking
Routing & Switching:
Scaling Networks
Chapter 4: Wireless LANs
Hacklab Cosenza / Centro di Ricerca su Tecnologia e Innovazione
Why Wireless
Wireless technologies have several benefits that can be stated in a variety of forms but can all be reduced into a single one: wireless is a big comfort because it enables mobility.
This fact is reflected in overall easyness of use, configuration, maintenance, increase in productivity for the same cost / achieving the same results with a decrease in costs.
Wireless has particular needs for a correct deployment and is even more challenging to properly secure. We will see both these aspects in this chapter.
Types of Wireless
WPAN (Wireless Personal Area Network)
Technologies that communicate wirelessly in the direct surrounding of a person.
- Bluetooth (IEEE 802.15) allows direct communication between paired devices, up to 10m with ordinary power consumption (which is particularly low, making it a good choice for mobile devices).
- Several revisions (latest is the low-energy, 24 Mb/s 4.x).
- Bluetooth is a general-purpose communication protocol, but facilitates specific use cases (called profiles) like audio streaming, network connections, file transfers, remote control, tracking, input/output devices, etc.
Types of Wireless
WLAN (Wireless LAN)
Technologies integrating wireless communication into well-known LANs, from the space of a room to an entire campus of buildings.
- Wi-Fi (Wireless Fidelity) is the technology we use for bringing wired and wireless networking together in LANs. It’s standardized by IEEE 802.11 revisions (a/b/g/n/ac/ad).
- Speeds went from 11 Mb/s in 1998 from the 1.5 Gb/s currently possible for ac devices. Ranges are up to 300m.
- This is the kind of wireless network we we'll focus in this chapter.
WWAN (Wireless Wide-Area Network)
The wireless technologies enabled for long-distance communications across macro-areas, in the range of Kms. They are mainly used for providing Internet access.
- Cellular is the ubiquitous wireless broadband. Every phone is now able to connect to the Internet with increasing speeds starting from 2G protocols (GSM, EDGE), to 3G devices (UMTS, HSPA+) and up to 4G (LTE, WiMAX).
- WiMAX (IEEE 802.16) is wireless specifically tailored to provide broadband access. It has ranges up to 50 Km and speeds in the gigabit range.
- Satellite broadband has been around for years, but only for receiving. It's now possible in TX/RX. It still is the only real option for broadband access in very remote areas.
Frequencies
Wireless communication technologies operate in the part of the electomagnetic spectrum known as radio waves, more precisely in the microwave range.
Frequencies: Low vs High
Lower frequencies radio waves have much better permeability, they penetrate dense objects such as buildings, while the higher the frequency the more a clear line of sight becomes a requirement.
Frequencies: Bands
The International Telecommunication Union - Radiocommunication Sector (ITU-R) handles the partition of the spectrum at the global level, which is then (sometimes heavily) regulated by governements in terms of allowed use and technical aspects.
Different wireless standards operate in different range of frequencies (called bands). WiFi uses unlicensed portions of the 2.4 GHz ISM (Industrial, Scientific and Medical) band and the 5 GHz UNII (Unlicensed National Information Infrastructure) band.
Frequencies: Channels
The frequency ranges in which 802.11 standards operate are subdivided into smaller ranges called channels. Channels are actually the combination of a central frequency and a bandwidth.
IEEE 802.11
The Working Group 11 of the IEEE 802 committee is in charge for a series of standards (revisions) about half-duplex wireless modulation techniques (L1, physical layer) and the frame format (L2, MAC layer) we commonly know as WiFi.
It also works on a series of amendments and extensions that later are incorporated into an official revision.
802.11-1997
- First version of the WiFi standard, basically non-existent as of today.
- Also known as legacy mode.
- Operating in the 2.4 GHz ISM band with a 22 MHz bandwidth.
- Supported data rates of 1 or 2 Mb/s.
- Used FHSS and DSSS as modulation techniques.
- Single antenna.
- Never really adopted.
802.11a and 802.11b
- Released in 1999, they were immensely successful and popularized WiFi.
- 802.11b operates in the 2.4 GHz ISM band, 802.11a in the 5 GHz U-NII bands.
- 20 MHz bandwidth for 802.11a, 22 MHz for 802.11b.
- Rates are 6-54 Mb/s for 802.11a, 2-11 Mb/s for 802.11b.
- 802.11a use OFDM modulation; 802.11b uses DSSS.
- Single antenna.
- Because of the different bands in use, the 2 standards are not compatible.
- Thanks to its lower operating frequency, 802.11b has a better range than 802.11a.
802.11g
- Released in 2003, updated with amendments in 2007.
- Backwards-compatible with 802.11b
- Same bandwidth (20 MHz) and frequencies (2.4 GHz band), and it also supports the DSSS modulation.
- When 802.11g and b devices operate in a mixed setups, overall it will reduce the performance of the g devices.
- This is true for any mixed-environments, even when involving more recents standards.
- 802.11g use the same OFDM modulation introduced by 802.11a and so can bring its performance in the 2.4 GHz band: 6-54 Mb/s.
- Single antenna.
802.11n
- Released in 2009, updated with amendments in 2012.
- Backwards-compatible with all previous standards (a/b/g), with obviously reduced performance when operating in mixed-setups.
- Operating in both (dual band) 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz bands. However most n-devices operate in one or the other.
- 802.11n allows to use 20 MHz bandwidth, but also supports 40 MHz bandwidth that doubles the theoretical throughput.
- 802.11n introduces a technology called MIMO (Multiple Input Multiple Output) which use separated multiple antennas for simultaneous TX and RX.
802.11n: MIMO
MIMO also organize a single signal into multiple spatial streams. 802.11n supports up to 4 MIMO spatial streams.
802.11n devices reports their MIMO capabilities in a TX antennas x RX antennas : spatial streams format.
Ex.: a 3 x 3 : 2 MIMO configuration means 3 transmitting and receiving antennas, with 2 spatial streams supported.
While the data rates for a single (SISO) 20 MHz stream only went up from 54 to 65 Mb/s compared to 802.11g, when combined with the 40 MHz bandwidth and the multiple streams of MIMO, the maximum data rates can reach 600 Mb/s.
802.11n: MCS
The different combinations of all possible OFDM modulation parameters, bandwidth and spatial streams are know as numbered (1-31) MCS (Modulation Coding Schemes), each correlating to a maximum achievable data rate.
802.11ac
- Released in 2013. Only operating in the 5 GHz band.
- Compatible with 5 GHz 802.11n and 802.11a devices.
- 20, 40 and now 80 and 160 MHz bandwidth are possible.
- MIMO can be done with up to 8 spatial streams.
- 802.11ac introduces Multiple User MIMO (MU-MIMO), which means the participating antennas don’t necessarily belong to the same device: you can use 2 wifi NICs to connect to the same AP and combine throughput.
- With modulation improvements this means per-stream maximum data rate reached 86.7 Mb/s @ 20 MHz.
- 2x2:2 MIMO can reach 867 Mb/s @ 80 MHz and 1.6 Gb/s @ 160 MHz.
- Maximum rate for 8-streams MU-MIMO is 6.76 Gb/s.
802.11ad
- Released in 2013, commercially known as WiGig.
- Adds a 60 GHz operating band (still unlicensed), with a 2.1 GHz bandwidth.
- It’s backwards compatible with previous 802.11 standards.
- 60 GHz cannot penetrate through obstacles at all, so it is reserved for short distances or line-of-site communications.
- However the protocols allows roaming, and the lower frequencies of the 2.4 and 5 GHz bands will be used.
- Data rates can reach 7 Gb/s on the 60 GHz band.
WiFi Certifications
Vendors have the habits to introduce wireless standards way before their final ratification, under the form of drafts.
Draft implementations can be incompatible with each other and with the final standard, but this is less likely since the Wi-Fi Alliance, an association of vendors that certifies products for interoperability and promotes new capabilities.
WiFi Certifications
- 802.11a/b/g/n/ac standards.
- WPA2 and EAP security protocols.
- WPS (Wi-Fi Protected Setup) - A feature to securely and easily connect devices without sharing the password.
- Wi-Fi Direct - Using WPS, connects two devices directly (much like bluetooth pairing) for the purpose of sharing media much more easily.
- Wi-Fi Passpoint - Securely connect to enabled hotspot with the capability for roaming.
- Wi-Fi Miracast - Wi-Fi streaming of video and audio between devices.
- Wireless Multimedia Extensions (WMM) - Basic QoS for Wi-Fi.
LAN vs WLAN
- Radio waves are not contained like signals in a shielded cable. Anybody can receive them within their range and they are subject to interference.
- Wireless signals travel as long as they can, losing strength along the way, while cables are optimized to maintain predictable signal strength over a specified distance.
- Wireless compliance is not just about technical standards. The use of RF is subject to regulation. Specific bands could be unlicensed, limited, unavailable, depending on the country.
LAN vs WLAN
- Instead of connecting through a switch, wireless devices participate in a WLAN by connecting to an Access Point (AP).
- Enabling mobility as it does, Wireless is often used on battery-powered devices, challenging their duration.
- 802.11 standards use CSMA/CA instead of collision detection, in order to actively avoid collision among competing hosts.
- The L2 frame format is similar to Ethernet, but slightly different with additional informations.
Wireless Equipment
Contrary to popular beliefs, both ends of a wireless communication transmit and receive. There is however a meanigful classification between
- End devices (referred to as STA, Stations)
- Infrastructure devices, coordinating and collecting connections from end devices
End devices have Wireless NICs, operationally similar to the Ethernet NICs. They need proper driver installed to function.
Nowadays, basically every device integrates a wireless NICs. If not, USB Wireless adapters are popular and cheap.
Infrastructure Devices
The infrastructure device needed to provide wireless access in a LAN is called Access Point (AP), which bridges wireless and wired connectivity.
More often the AP functionality is found in a ISR (Integrated Service Router), which also works as a switch (bridging a wired LAN) and router (Internet gateway for the WLAN).
Home routers are almost always ISRs.
Infrastructure Devices
Powerlines are auxiliary infrastructure devices that extends an home WLAN outside the range of the AP, using power outlets as end points and electical wirings for data transfer.
In business and enterprise a stand-alone, more powerful AP is often needed to support the requirements. In such cases the AP is connected to a switch with a wired connection.
AP: Autonomous vs Controller-Based
APs can be either autonomous (configuration is done and stored on the device itself) or controller-based (configuration is automated and centralized on a server, or WLAN controller).
If only a few APs are needed, autonomous APs are a better fit. As the number of APs grow the initial configuration and maintainance is time-consuming. Controller-based APs can be just installed and the controller will auto-configure them.
AP: Autonomous vs Controller-Based
Some autonomous Cisco APs also support clustering which is the logical grouping of APs located in the same network segment and that can then be centrally controlled in software, without the need for a dedicated hardware controller.
For APs in the cluster a single configuration can be exported to all APs and there is channel and security management. An AP of the cluster becomes a Single Point Setup (SPS).
Enterprise WiFi Infrastructure
For large enterprise WLANs Cisco provides two controller-based architectures: the Cisco Meraki Cloud Managed and the Cisco Unified Wireless Network.
In the cloud architecture, the MR Cloud Managed APs (e.g.: MR12, MR16 or MR24) are configured and monitored from a web service (the MCC, Meraki Cloud Controller) acting as a replacement for a physical WLAN controller.
If the Internet access is disrupted, Meraki APs still are perfectly operational, they simply cannot be managed from the web dashboard. Only control traffic goes to and from the Meraki APs, not the actual datas belonging to the client.
Enterprise WiFi Infrastructure
In the unified architecture, the lightweight APs (like the Cisco Aironet series) only have the minimal functionality required to process wireless communications, while all management is done by a Wireless Controller (WLC) through the Lightweight Access Control Point Protocol (LWAPP).
Cisco WLCs are available in different forms: a stand-alone appliance, a dedicated virtual server running over VMWare, or as additional modules.
Antennas
Many APs have replaceable antennas to suite a range of possible conditions. Antennas’ most important features are their gain, beamwidth and radiation pattern.
Antennas
- Omnidirectional - Stick-like looking with a 360° coverage which makes them ideal to deploy in the center of an area (open spaces, rooms). Almost every internal antenna is "omni".
- Directional - They focus the signal emission and reception in the pointing direction and thereabouts, at the expense of the signal strength in other directions. Directional antennas are dishes and grids and have beamwidths of 40° or less.
Antennas
- Sectorial - It's a term to define antennas having beamwidth around 100° or more, therefore able to cover a “sector”. They usually present themselves with a panel form.
- Yagi - very directional antennas and thus able to travel longer distances with their higher gains. TV Antennas are Yagis.
802.11 APs mount 2+ antennas to take advantage of MIMO. More antennas typically mean better achievable MIMO modes.
Ad-Hoc Wireless Topology
Ad-Hoc Topology
In ad-hoc wireless, devices connect one another, without the need of an orchestrating device such as an AP.
Every device in an ad-hoc network has equal (p2p) status.
Only requirements to join an ad-hoc topology is to support this topology (called Indipendent Basic Service Set, IBSS, in 802.11 standards) and being in the coverage range of any other participating device.
Basically ad-hoc means that devices can spontaneously form a WLAN, without relying on existing infrastructure.
Examples of ad-hoc networks are bluetooth pairings, but mind that 802.11 ad-hoc is not limited to 2 devices.
Infrastructure Mode Topology
In an infrastructure mode topology, wireless devices play roles at different levels: APs and STA (stations).
There are two basic building blocks: the Basic Service Set (BSS) and the Extended Service Set (ESS).
BSS - Basic Service Set
BSS is the simplest infrastructure topology, because it consists of a single AP and its connected STAs.
The coverage area of the AP is called Basic Service Area (BSA). Outside of the BSA, a client cannot communicate with other devices in the BSS.
Therefore, BSS and BSA are often used as synonims.
Each BSS is uniquely identified by the L2 MAC address of its AP, which is known as Basic Service Set Identifier (BSSID). There is a 1:1 relationship between BSS and BSSID.
ESS - Extended Service Set
More than one BSS interconnected through a Distribution System (DS), thus creating an Extended Service Area (ESA) in which the BSS coverages can be overlapping and/or distinct.
ESS - Extended Service Set
- STAs in a BSS can reach STAs in another BSS belonging to the same ESS. Traffic will flow through the DS.
- A device can roam, that is move to a different BSS in the same ESS and automatically reconnect. This is possible because the ESS is identified by its SSID (Service Set Identifier), which we better know as name of the wireless network.
Tethering
Tethering is the practice of using a phone’s wireless radio as an AP in order to allow other devices to connect and use the Internet connection the mobile has over cellular broadband.
Basically, it is a BSS connected to a wireless distribution system.
However, Cisco categorizes tethering/mobile hotspots as ad-hoc networks...
802.11 Frame Format
802.11 Frame Format
- Frame Control - Identifies the specific type of wireless frame and contains several subfields.
- Duration - Mostly it indicates the remaining time to receive the next frame transmission.
- Address 1, 2, 3, 4 - MAC addresses of the devices involved in the wireless communication. Which address goes into which fields depends on parameters in the frame control.
- Addr. 1: always the receiving wireless device.
- Addr. 2: always the transmitting wireless device.
- Addr. 3: the actual destination device, maybe in the DS.
- Sequence Control - Composed of two subfields, the sequence and fragment numbers, which respectively identifies a frame and its fragments.
802.11 Frame Format - Frame Control
- Protocol Version - The particular 802.11 revision in use.
- Frame Type and Subtype - 2 fields identifying the precise function of the frame, first telling if the frame is a control, data or management frame and then which associated subtype.
- ToDS/FromDS - 2 bits that indicates if the frame is entering or exiting the Distribution System, respectively. Both are set to 0 if in ad-hoc mode (no infrastructure, hence no DS).
- More Fragments - Has this frame been fragmented?
- Retry - Indicates if this frame is a retransmission.
802.11 Frame Format - Frame Control
- Power Management - Indicates if the device transmitting this frame is in power-saving mode or not. APs will never set this.
- More Data - Signals to a device in power-saving mode that the AP has other data to send.
- Security - Are encryption/authentication in use for the frame?
- Reserved - Can be used to signal that all frames must be processed in the order they arrive.
Types of 802.11 Frames
- 0x0, Management Frame - Its purpose is to establish and then maintain the communication, by discovering, authenticating and associating with an AP.
- 0x1, Control Frame - Supporting function to aid communication, for instance by acknowledging and avoiding collisions.
- 0x2, Data Frame - The frames that actually carry the payload.
802.11 Management Frames
- 0x00, Association Request - It is sent from a STA and contains the SSID the STA wants to associate with and capabilities informations, like supported data rates.
- 0x01, Association Response - Sent from AP to STA to signal if an association request has been accepted. If so, the AP generates an association ID (AID) for the STA and sends it along with supported data rates.
- 0x02, Reassociation Request - Sent by a STA either while reconnecting after a short disconnection or if reconnecting to a stronger signal AP. The old and new APs coordinates exchange of informations about the STA.
- 0x03, Reassociation Response - Same as an association response, but by a different AP.
802.11 Management Frames
- 0x04, Probe Request - Used when a STA is actively scanning for information about APs.
- 0x05, Probe Response - AP response to a STA probe, containing capabilities informations.
- 0x08, Beacon - Used by the APs to periodically advertise the SSID/connection capabilites through the BSS
- 0x0A, Disassociation - After association, either side can terminate the connection using this frame. STA are then removed from AP’s association table.
- 0x0B, Authentication - STA send a frame containing their identity to the AP.
- 0x0C, Deauthentication - Sent when all communication is terminated.
CSMA/CA: Collision Avoidance
Wireless is inherently half-duplex, which means that a radio cannot transmit and receive at the same time.
This would be a problem if 802.11 were to use the same CSMA/CD media contention method of Ethernet, because the radio wouldn’t sense a collision while transmitting. This is why a collision avoidance scheme was developed.
802.11 Control Frames are used to perform the CSMA/CA process, which resembles an handshake.
CSMA/CA: Collision Avoidance
- 0x1B, RTS (Request to Send) - If it senses the medium around it as free, the STA sends this control frame to "book" the wireless medium for sending data frames.
- 0x1C, CTS (Clear to Send) - AP response to a RTS frame, clearing the STA for transmission (if the medium is free). It includes a time value, so the other STAs sensing this frame will avoid transmitting during at least that timeframe.
- 0x1D, ACK (Acknowledge) - Sent to acknowledge a data frame received with no errors to the sending device. If an ACK is not received in a certain interval (during which other STAs won’t transmit), the frame must be resent.
802.11 Process
It's simple:
- Discover a WLAN
- Authenticate with the AP
- Associate with the AP
For this process to occur, the AP and the client must negotiate or agree to certain parameters.
802.11 Process
- SSID - The name of the wireless network, 2-32 characters long. It will appear on the client as an available network connection, and can be shared between multiple APs in a ESS.
- Password - The security key that client must know to pass the authentication stage and being able to associate to the AP. Only relevant is Security is enabled.
- Security - The type of authentication+encryption mechanism in use. WEP, WPA and WPA2 are the most common options.
802.11 Process
- Network Mode - The 802.11 revision the WLAN will operate in. Most of the time a Mixed mode will be selected, to support multiple standards at once.
- Channel - Selection of the frequency of operation. There’s an automatic mode that allows the AP to select the channel with less interference.
WLAN Discovery
- In passive mode, the AP signal its presence by the periodic transmission of a Beacon management frame, which advertise the SSID and the association parameters.
- In active mode, the STAs send, on every channel iteratively, a Probe Request management frame (as unicast if the SSID is known, broadcast otherwise) containing supported network modes and data rates.
The AP can be configured to hide its SSID as a form of additional security, by disabling Beacon frames transmission.
A STA can connect to an hidden SSID only if it knows the SSID in advance in order to send a directed probe request. The hidden AP will "reveal" itself through a probe response.
WLAN Authentication
When a WLAN has no authentication required (open networks) the process reduces to a simple request and response. The authentication methods available for 802.11 relies on a shared key, pre-configured on both STA and AP.
- STA sends authentication frame to AP.
- AP responds with a challenge text.
- STA encrypts the challenge text with its shared key and sends it to the AP.
- The AP decrypts it with its shared keys.
- If the decrypted text matches the original challenge text, it means that the STA had the same shared key of the APs so the authentication succeed. If they differ, it doesn't.
WLAN Association
- Association request sent by the STA, in order to obtain an AID. It includes the STA MAC Address.
- Association response from the AP, containing its BSSID (which is its MAC) and the generated AID. The AID works equivalently to a switch port.
Frequency/Channel Management
The technique used to represent data over the chosen frequency is called modulation.
Over the development of 802.11 these techniques improved to mitigate channel saturation by using it more efficiently.
- DSSS, Direct-Sequence Spread Spectrum - Uses the entire frequency band to transmit the signal.
Frequency/Channel Management
- FHSS, Frequency-Hopping Spread Spectrum - The band is divided into a series of subchannels, each used as the carrier only for a short period, and then both the AP and the STA switch to another one based on a pseudorandom sequence.
- OFDM, Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing - In the operating band, a set of subcarrier frequencies are chosen . The signal is then demultiplexed over these subcarriers and multiplexed at the receiver.
Channel Selection
802.11 2.4 GHz band is subdivided into several channels (11 for the US, 13 in Europe, 14 in other regions).
These channels have central frequencies 5 MHz apart.
Of course with a 20/22 MHz bandwidth this means that adjacent channels will partially overlap.
Channel Selection
Interference is inevitable with overlapping channels.
Notice however how a subset of channels, precisely those 5 channel apart, are non-overlapping. The maximum number of non-overlapping channels is 3 (Ch. 1, 6, 11).
Using non-overlapping channels in a multi-AP environment is the best choice to avoid interference.
Channel Selection
Newer 802.11 standards supports 40 MHz-channels. With such a large bandwidth, it’s impossible to have non-overlapping configurations in the 2.4 GHz band, and non-overlapping channels in the 5 GHz bands are reduced.
WLAN Deployment
The performances and coverage are of a WLAN depends on several factors:
- Characteristics of the facility
- Environmental factors
- Number of users
- Supported standards and data rates
- Antenna and their patterns
- Transmit power
WLAN Deployment
Determining the extent of the coverage area requires to analyze the AP and antenna specifications and to perform a site survey, maybe with the aid of a spectrum analyzer.
By slightly overlapping (10-15%) single BSAs in an ESS configured with the same SSID, we enable roaming.
WLAN Attacks: DoS
WLAN introduces a different threat model for network security, because the attacker may not need physical access to directly attack the local network.
Wireless connectivity can be denied (DoS) by a misconfigured device or by interference, either accidental (even by non-computing devices operating in the same band) or malicious (frequency jamming).
Both can be fought by continuosly monitoring the spectrum. In this way the problem can be solved as soon as it happens.
WLAN Attacks: Protocol
DoS attacks can also be carried out against the 802.11 protocol by manipulating management and control frames. For instance:
- Spoofed disassociation requests, where the attacker disassociates on behalf of all STAs, that when reassociating simultaneously cause a spike in traffic. 802.11i extensions can help protect again spoofing.
- CTS flood, where the attacker sends multiple CTS frames from a STA not actually associated to the BSS. This will cause legitimate STAs in range to whithold transmission. 802.11w extension deal with protecting management frames from manipulation.
WLAN Attacks: Rogue AP
Rogue APs are unauthorized Access Points. Whether they are installed by an attacker of by a well-meaning individual, the effect is to allow unauthorized devices in the DS, and completely bypass the deployed security measures.
Rogue APs are used to carry MITM attacks. A Rogue APs with the same SSID, but with a stronger signal or no authentication, would be preferred by STAs over legitimate ones.
WLAN Attacks: Rogue AP
The STAs could be unsuspecting, because there’s no obvious clue and also most STAs are configured to automatically connect to open networks. Rogue APs are configured to forward the data back and forth to the legitimate AP, after interception.
Detecting Rogue APs is difficult, it requires constant monitoring of the WLAN (with IPS and RRM, Radio Resource Management systems) and authentication of all its users.
WLAN Security: Hidden SSID
A first step in protecting a WLAN could be to hide the SSID and to use ACLs to allow only authorized MAC addresses.
However these are not reliable, because both these informations are sent in clear text over the air and so easily spoofable.
802.11 Authentication Methods
The 3 authentication methods available for 802.11 are:
- WEP, Wireless Equivalent Privacy - Uses the RC4 encryption algorithm with a static key that never changes between frames, makes it easier to crack. It’s been broken since 2001. Long story short: never use it.
- WPA, WiFi Protected Access - Essentially WEP with a different encryption algo, TKIP (Temporal Key Integrity Protocol) which uses a different key for each frame.
- WPA2 (IEEE 802.11i) - Uses the most advanced encryption algorithm available, which is AES (Advanced Encryption Standard). This is the current best practice to deploy to secure WiFi authentication.
Enterprise WLAN Security
Pre-shared keys are simple but have a major flaw: the credential being the same for everyone. In enterprise networks, it's best to have a dedicated AAA (Authentication, Authorization, and Accounting) server, like RADIUS.
In such setups, the AP forwards authentication request to and from a RADIUS server (which only the AP is allowed to contact). Clients will authenticate using the 802.1X standard and EAP (Extensible Authentication Protocol).
User credentials are stored only on the RADIUS server, not the AP. The AP only needs a pre-shared key (and the IP/ports) to authenticate itself to the RADIUS server.


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will be on hand and may even say a few words (among other Angular leaders)
Light Snacks served including It's-It's Ice Cream Sandwiches
Doors Open at 7 PM on June 23 and the talk will begins at 7:30 PM
Event Location
Hyatt Regency San Francisco Airport
Grand Ball Room
1333 Bayshore
Highway
Burlingame, CA 94010
Phone:
650-347-1234


My name is Gerren Gregory. I am 33 years old and have 3 children.
I am currently attending CodeCrew Code School, where I am learning how to build web pages. Kenn is a great teacher and a great comedian.
About Gerren
My name is Gerren Gregory. I am 33 years old and have 3 children.
I am currently attending CodeCrew Code School, where I am learning how to build web pages. Kenn is a great teacher and a great comedian.


//Question No.2 //Create a Webpage containin two input fields and a //A. Write something in the first input. //B. On click of the button, the content of input one shoul be copied in the second input. Write Something in the given box
Copied text Second input field:


#include <assert.h>
#include "config.h"
#include "liblogging.h"
#include "beepsession.h"
#include "beepprofile.h"
#include "beeplisten.h"
#include "lstnprof-3195raw.h"
#include "lstnprof-3195cooked.h"
#include "srAPI.h"
#include "syslogmessage.h"
#include "namevaluetree.h"
Functions | |
| srRetVal | srAPISetMsgRcvCallback (srAPIObj *pThis, void(*NewHandler)(srAPIObj *, srSLMGObj *)) |
| srRetVal | srAPISetupListener (srAPIObj *pThis, void(*NewHandler)(srAPIObj *, srSLMGObj *)) |
| srRetVal | srAPIRunListener (srAPIObj *pThis) |
| Run the listener process. | |
| srRetVal | srAPIShutdownListener (srAPIObj *pThis) |
| Shut down the currently running listener. |
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met:
* Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer.
* Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution.
* Neither the name of Adiscon GmbH or Rainer Gerhards nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT OWNER OR CONTRIBUTORS BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDIRECT, INCIDENTAL, SPECIAL, EXEMPLARY, OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES (INCLUDING, BUT NOT LIMITED TO, PROCUREMENT OF SUBSTITUTE GOODS OR SERVICES; LOSS OF USE, DATA, OR PROFITS; OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) HOWEVER CAUSED AND ON ANY THEORY OF LIABILITY, WHETHER IN CONTRACT, STRICT LIABILITY, OR TORT (INCLUDING NEGLIGENCE OR OTHERWISE) ARISING IN ANY WAY OUT OF THE USE OF THIS SOFTWARE, EVEN IF ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGE.
|
|
Run the listener process. Control is only returned if
As control does not return, please note that srAPIShutdownListener() must be called either from another thread or a signal handler. |
|
|
Shut down the currently running listener. It may take some time to shutdown the listener depending on its current state. The caller should expect a delay of up to 30 seconds. |


|
NotSoTinyThread++
1.0
|
Semaphore class. More...
#include <tinythread.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| semaphore () | |
| Default Constructor. | |
| semaphore (unsigned int n) | |
| Constructor with initialization. More... | |
| ~semaphore () | |
| Destructor. | |
| bool | is_valid () const |
| Tell if last operation on semaphore went ok. More... | |
| void | init (unsigned int n) |
| Init semaphore. More... | |
| void | wait () |
| Wait for semaphore. | |
| void | post () |
| Post on semaphore. | |
Semaphore class.
This is a classic synchronization primitive.
|
inline |
|
inline |
|
inline |
Tell if last operation on semaphore went ok.


User: @spencerjames
Price: $400
Discription: iPhone X. Bought it for $1000. Used for about a year still looks good not too much wear and tear.
User:@jordanbaker
Price:$300
Discription:Macbook Pro. Bought for $1300. Used for about two years still works well.
User: @asheradams
Price:$100
Discription:LG Smart Tv. Bought for $300. Used for about two years still works well.
User:@oliviabaker
Price:$300
Discription:iPad Pro. Bought for $600. Used for about two years still works well.
User: @leilafaisal
Price:$60
Discription:Fancy Calculator.Bought for $130. Used for about two years still works well.
User: @dillonjames
Price:$70
Discription:Wii. Bought for $120. Used for about two years still works well.


Failures on this page are collected from all voting gate failures that don't match current elastic-recheck bug fingerprints.
The crm114 links are logstash queries showing log messages that have been flagged as potential errors.
More information on the system can be found here


The bearer of the barge was dearly beloved and held in high esteem by those who sailed upon its waters. [G|D]
The cantata, with its melodious charm, was a favorite of King Harry, who often hummed its enchanting tunes in his chambers. [G|D]
The awn was ablaze with antipathy, seeming to scorch the earth beneath its flames and leave a trail of destruction in its wake. [G|D]
The cinnabararmband, a gift from his abba, was the only possession that he carried with him wherever he went, a sign of his undying love and devotion. [G|D]


We all know that shopify is always looking to hire individuals who think outside the box and I'm pretty sure you get tons of resumes and applications.
So I've decided to make this as simple as possible for you by genuinely answering the 3 Why(s) you are probably interested in:
**Make sure you check the demo
Please see my Resume for more info about my background
I could talk about the meals, the salary and the perks that shopify offers but I’m pretty sure that all this fades away in a couple of months if not weeks from the date you start working at Shopify.
I believe that if the company is not inline with your future plans by either reaching your goals there or equipping you with what you need to continue on and reach your end goals, it’s not the right company for you.
At Shopify, I see that the company appreciates the hard workers and rewards them. I can see that from how people are progressing through the ranks and taking more and more responsibilities which I really admire.
I see that the company is building products that are actually impacting lives, the lives of those entrepreneurs who are building stores as a source of income for a better life and I'd genuinely love to be part of that.
Just like everybody gives the advice to choose your friends carefully because you will always be learning from them and surrounded by them. I think people should follow the same advice when choosing the company they work for.
Working along the coworkers at shopify who are carefully picked through the interview process (which I’ve gone through before), and engaging with different stakeholders from Shopify including engineering, sales, marketing, and finance, senior management, will help me take my skills to the next levels to reach my goals
A firm belief of mine is people should be working at a job that 1) they love and 2) that will help them reach certain goal in life
For me:
1. What I love about this job
It's not the most complex application but I wanted to show my passion and understanding for data and machine learning.
This is a simple demo that I built that shows how automatic tagging of clothing in E-Commerce can be done using machine learning.


About The Developer
I'm Ian Renyard, developer of Validity and contract web developer. If you like Validity, why not consider me for your company's next JavaScript project?
As well as developing and maintaining Validity, I have over a decade experience in developing web apps and libraries for desktop, mobile and TV platforms, as well as web performance optimisation.
For more information, see www.renyard.co.uk or email hello@renyard.co.uk.


2 references to Drives
System.Management.Automation (2)
engine\SessionStateDriveAPIs.cs (1)
1347
foreach (PSDriveInfo drive in lookupScope.
Drives
)
engine\SessionStateScopeAPIs.cs (1)
276
foreach (PSDriveInfo drive in scope.
Drives
)


Girish Ramnani
Software Engineer
Portfolio
About
Contact
content
Playing with blending mode
trying old style
content
content


Bachelor of Science with Hon., Physical Therapy - European University, BiH
Bachelor of Science, Physical Therapy - College of Applied Medicine “Milutin Milanković”, Serbia
Musculoskeletal Primer for the Non-Orthopedist - Stanford University School of Medicine
1st stage of bioenergetic therapy
2nd stage of bioenergy therapy at a distance


title = "Accueil" url = "/bea" layout = "bea" is_hidden = 0 [session] security = "user" redirect = "bea/login" ==


Please, RSVP before March 31st
For any questions, comments, or if you need to change your RSVP, email us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>We're sad you won't be joining us, but we hope we will celebrate with you any other time soon.


{% include head.html %}
{% include brand.html %}
{% include menu.html %}
Want to deliver to Europe? Checkout out our European shop


E-Mail
Ex<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Password
Keep Connected
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Coconut Shell Granular Activated Carbon
ICARB-2005 is available in different grades.
ICarb 2005 Granular Activated Carbon is ideal for most Air purification purposes. Made from selected Grades of coconut shell, its superior level of hardness and unique micro pores, offers excellent adsorption of toxic and micro particulates in air.


{% extends "auth/_login_form.html" %} {% block login_footer %} {% comment %} You MUST have block.super because that includes the login button. {% endcomment %} {{ block.super }}
My custom login form footer


---
layout: post
title: 1/30 schoolwork
date: '2014-01-31T21:35:00.001-07:00'
author: Jacob .
tags:
- homeschool-journal
modified_time: '2014-01-31T21:35:26.395-07:00'
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6400085873105072120.post-5198132260895509769
blogger_orig_url: http://www.svlark.com/2014/01/130-schoolwork.html
---
Drilled spelling
Drilled number bonds
Read a chapter of On the Other Side of the Hill
Audrey read Chapter 4 of Night of the Ninjas aloud.


At the risk of repeating an answer I would like to relive arguably the best performance of the career of a great striker.
So Bayern Munchen didn’t have the best start to the Bundesliga campaign.
Before the season started, Bayern lost out on the Super Cup to a Wolfsburg side, who had won the German Cup and finished runners-up in the Bundesliga the previous season. Even losing their star midfielder Kevin De Bruyne to Manchester City that season didn’t stop them as they made a strong start to the season, and kept four clean sheets in a row prior to a big game at the Allianz Arena.
They were in good form, while Bayern the powerhouse were struggling. Pep was under pressure and on his last year of his contract, having not delivered the holy grail, the Champions League, a bad start to the league campaign would have possibly seen him leave, but not on his terms but that of Bayern. It did not help that Guardiola wanted to play a false nine in his team, with Mario Gotze and Thomas Muller preferred to Robert Lewandowski in the forward role.
The game starts, and Caliguiri scores for Wolfsburg. Bayern trail 0–1 at half time.
Mario Gotze was struggling, the team lacked the fluency of the previous seasons. But this Wolfsburg team was no silly team. We saw Benaglio in goal who was a good keeper (and is), decent defenders in Rodriguez, Dante(ex-Bayern player too) and Naldo. Luis Gustavo was holding the midfield, and Julian Draxler was the one to replace De Bruyne.
Which only amplifies the achievement which was going to happen.
Seeing the Gotze experiment failing, he brings on the Polish center forward at half time in place of Thiago.
51st minute: It’s all a bit chaotic as Bayern want the goal to put them back, as Muller tries to shoot but the ball falls into Lewandowski’s path. He is a sharp shooter and promptly puts Bayern level. That is super sub stuff. 1–1.
52nd minute: Just after kickoff, Bayern win the ball back. The ball is quickly moved to Lewandowski who turns, shoots from distance and celebrates, as Bayern take the lead in a potential title decider having been a goal down in front of their fans. That is seriously good stuff from Lewandowski. 2–1.
55th minute: Bayern want more. So does Lewandowski. First he hits the post, then Benaglio saves at the near post, but he is not to be stopped. The third effort is squeezed into the goal, and Bayern look like they will get the three points thanks to their talismanic forward.Fastest Bundesliga hattrick and a rare distinction of a substitute scoring hattrick. 3–1.
57th minute: Bayern are now just coasting. New signing Douglas Costa rips up the left flank and puts in a cross which Lewandowski volleys it into the net from close range. This is turning out to be one of the best nights ever for Lewandowski. An injured Arjen Robben can only stand in the stands and clap at this master class. He didn’t score this quickly for Dortmund when he hit four past Real Madrid in the CL. 4–1.
60th minute: The best of the lot. Gotze puts the cross in and Lewy just flies in and puts the ball into top corner past a hapless Benaglio who will be wondering how the heck he managed to run into a striker in such impervious form. The technique on the goal is fantastic. Wolfsburg haven’t been terrible but now find themselves 5–1 down, and in disarray all because of a substitute striker. 5–1.
Wow. Even Pep can’t quite believe it.
And he brought through Lionel Messi. Just let that sink in for a moment.
As the English Bundesliga commentator said: You just can't be that good!
Of course Philip Lahm wanted more. He should have scored seven. But hey, that’s Bayern for you.
Four world records were made that day as he scored 5 goals in exactly 8 minutes 59 seconds. Wow.
Legacy:
After a middling first season since coming on a free transfer from BVB, this game put Lewandowski on the world map, as well as making sure of his status as a Bayern cult hero. He hasn’t looked back and has kept up the goal run for Bayern and Poland.
Pep Guardiola’s status was saved that night. Bayern recovered their mojo, and Pep got to leave on his own terms, to Manchester City for the season after that. Still couldn’t win the CL, being thwarted by Diego Simeone’s Atletico Madrid in the semis. But they won the league. Again.
Wolfsburg never recovered from that. With the primary owners Volskwagen also suffering from the US sanctions on their cars not meeting pollution requirements, they struggled on the field. They did beat Real Madrid 2–0 in the CL quarterfinal first leg, but a Cristiano Ronaldo hattrick dented their hopes. Selling players more frequently and many problems arised, as the team barely avoided relegation by the end of next season. What a downfall.
Images: Lewandowski scores FIVE goals in 10 minutes against Wolfsburg
. Photographs by Daily Mail.


import os
import warnings
from pathlib import Path
from typing import Optional, Union
from ._bgen_file import bgen_file
from ._bgen_metafile import bgen_metafile
from ._environment import BGEN_READER_CACHE_HOME
from ._file import (
assert_file_exist,
assert_file_readable,
is_file_writable,
path_to_filename,
)
from ._genotype import create_genotypes
from ._metafile import create_metafile
from ._samples import generate_samples, read_samples_file
[docs]def read_bgen(
filepath: Union[str, Path],
metafile_filepath: Optional[Union[str, Path]] = None,
samples_filepath: Optional[Union[str, Path]] = None,
verbose: bool = True,
):
"""
Read a given BGEN file.
Parameters
----------
filepath
Bgen file path.
metafile_filepath
File path to the corresponding metafile. A metafile can be created by calling
:func:`bgen_reader.create_metafile`. If ``None``, a metafile will be automatically created.
Defaults to ``None``.
samples_filepath
Path to a `sample format`_ file or ``None`` to read samples from the bgen file itself.
Defaults to ``None``.
verbose
``True`` to show progress; ``False`` otherwise. Defaults to ``True``.
Returns
-------
variants : :class:`dask.dataFrame.DataFrame`
Variant position, chromosomes, rsids, etc.
samples : :class:`pandas.Series`
Sample identifications.
genotype : list
List of genotypes.
Examples
--------
.. doctest::
>>> from bgen_reader import example_filepath, read_bgen
>>>
>>> bgen = read_bgen(example_filepath("haplotypes.bgen"), verbose=False)
>>> variants = bgen["variants"]
>>> samples = bgen["samples"]
>>>
>>> v = variants.loc[0].compute()
>>> g = bgen["genotype"][0].compute()
>>> print(v)
id rsid chrom pos nalleles allele_ids vaddr
0 SNP1 RS1 1 1 2 A,G 102
>>> print(samples)
0 sample_0
1 sample_1
2 sample_2
3 sample_3
Name: id, dtype: object
>>> print(g["probs"][0])
[1. 0. 1. 0.]
.. _sample format: https://www.well.ox.ac.uk/~gav/qctool/documentation/sample_file_formats.html
"""
filepath = Path(filepath)
assert_file_exist(filepath)
assert_file_readable(filepath)
if metafile_filepath is None:
metafile_filepath = _infer_metafile_filepath(filepath)
else:
metafile_filepath = Path(metafile_filepath)
assert_file_exist(metafile_filepath)
assert_file_readable(filepath)
if not metafile_filepath.exists():
if verbose:
print(
f"We will create the metafile `{metafile_filepath}`. This file will "
"speed up further\nreads and only need to be created once. So, please, "
"bear with me."
)
create_metafile(filepath, metafile_filepath, verbose)
elif os.path.getmtime(metafile_filepath) < os.path.getmtime(filepath):
from ._bgen_metafile import cache as metacache
from ._genotype import cache as bgencache
metacache.clear()
bgencache.clear()
if verbose:
print(
f"File `{filepath}` has been modified after the creation of `{metafile_filepath}`."
"\nWe will therefore recreate the metadata file. So, please, bear with me."
)
os.unlink(metafile_filepath)
create_metafile(filepath, metafile_filepath, verbose)
with bgen_file(filepath) as bgen:
samples = _get_samples(bgen, samples_filepath, verbose)
with bgen_metafile(metafile_filepath) as metafile:
variants = metafile.create_variants()
genotype = create_genotypes(bgen, metafile_filepath, verbose)
return dict(variants=variants, samples=samples, genotype=genotype)
def _get_samples(bgen, sample_file, verbose):
if sample_file is None:
if bgen.contain_samples:
return bgen.read_samples()
else:
return generate_samples(bgen.nsamples)
else:
samples_filepath = Path(sample_file)
assert_file_exist(samples_filepath)
assert_file_readable(samples_filepath)
return read_samples_file(samples_filepath, verbose)
_metafile_nowrite_dir = """\
You don't have permission to write `{filepath}`. This might prevent speeding-up the reading process
in future runs.
"""
def _infer_metafile_filepath(bgen_filepath: Path) -> Path:
metafile = bgen_filepath.with_suffix(bgen_filepath.suffix + ".metafile")
if metafile.exists():
try:
assert_file_readable(metafile)
return metafile
except RuntimeError as e:
warnings.warn(str(e), UserWarning)
return BGEN_READER_CACHE_HOME / "metafile" / path_to_filename(metafile)
else:
if is_file_writable(metafile):
return metafile
warnings.warn(_metafile_nowrite_dir.format(filepath=metafile), UserWarning)
return BGEN_READER_CACHE_HOME / "metafile" / path_to_filename(metafile)


Author: Thomas Heute, Peter Palaga
Level: Beginner
Technologies: GateIn Portal, Portal Container
Summary: Sample Portal
Target Product: GateIn Portal 3.6
Source: https://github.com/gatein/gatein-portal-quickstart
This project demonstrates a how to create a new Portal Container from scratch. It covers many aspects of new Portal Container creation, such as:
For more details, see Portal Containers page of GateIn Portal Developer Guide.
All you need to build this example project is Java 6.0 (Java SDK 1.6) or newer and Maven 3.0 or newer.
The project is designed to be deployed on GateIn Portal 3.6 running on JBoss AS.
You do not need to touch your settings.xml because of this quickstart. All necessary artifacts are available in public repositories.
Portal Extensions and Portal Containers are not hot-deployable. Therefore, it is not possible to deploy them using
mvn jboss-as:deploy
or copying to the default JBoss AS deployment folder when
GateIn Portal is running. Instead of that you will need to:
Make sure that the Portal is not running, e.g. by running
$JBOSS_HOME/bin/jboss-cli.sh --connect controller=<IP_ADDRESS>:9999 command=:shutdown
Open a command line and navigate to the root directory of this quickstart.
Run the following command to build the archive:
mvn clean package
This will create ear/target/gatein-sample-portal.ear
.
Copy this file into the GateIn Portal extension deployment folder: $JBOSS_HOME/gatein/extensions
In JBoss, Datasources and Security Policies need to be defined on the level of Application Server and they
cannot[*] be defined within EARs because otherwise centralized management would not be possible. This is
the reason why it is not enough just to deploy gatein-sample-portal.ear
. You also need to define the
Datasources and Security Policies e.g. in $BOSS_HOME/standalone/configuration/standalone.xml
.
The standalone.xml
available in the out-of-the-box GateIn Portal 3.6 installation contains the needed pieces
of XML commented out. Please search for Uncommented this when deploying gatein-sample-portal
in the file and uncomment the
necessary XML code blocks. Note that you should uncomment two datasource
s and one security-policy
.
Except for editting standalone.xml, JBoss Datasources and Security Policies can be defined using CLI or JBoss Web Console as described in JBoss AS 7.1 Admin Guide
[*] Datasources can be defined in EARs but such ones are not managed, see JBoss AS 7.1 Admin Guide.
To ensure that the Sample Portal has been deployed successfully visit http://<IP_ADDRESS>:8080/sample-portal) with your web browser.
The following shows the command line to start the server with the web profile:
For Linux: JBOSS_HOME/bin/standalone.sh
For Windows: JBOSS_HOME\bin\standalone.bat
To delete a Portal Extension or Portal Container:
JBOSS_HOME/gatein/extensions/gatein-sample-portal.ear
Please note that the content written to the database by the Extension or Portal Container (such as adding new pages) is not reversible.
Portal Extensions and Portal Containers are not directly deployable from JBoss Developer Studio nor Eclipse at this time. See Build and Deploy section above for an alternative.
If you want to debug the source code or look at the Javadocs of any library in the project, run either of the following commands to pull them into your local repository. The IDE should then detect them.
mvn dependency:sources
mvn dependency:resolve -Dclassifier=javadoc
Please post feedback on this quickstart or GateIn Portal on GateIn Forums.


Is there a Neverwinter Nights 2 version of this guild? Basically a place for powerbuilders, or the slightly more innocent-sounding character builders?
Sorry if there is some obvious link posted around here that I have entirely missed, and if that is the case, you can all respond with a series of "lols" at my expense.
But yeah, has the guild moves onwards?
Yep. Click Here
Have a blast! They even have lv 30 builds done already. _________________
This post is for general information purposes only, and does not constitute a legal opinion or render any legal advice. It may not be relied on for any purpose, and gives rise to


Blakes 7 RPG - Character Sheet
Load:
Select one...
Blakes 7 RPG - Character Sheet -
https://github.com/ledlogic/blakes7-rpg


Add this to the bottom of your
my-component.coffee
file to test your component:
myView = React.createFactory MyComponent window.testComponent = (domID) -> React.render myView({}), domID


Before Change
// in the superclass, we would go through and actually deal with axis
// scales and box/datalim. Those are all irrelevant - all we need to do
// is make sure our coordinate system is square.
figW, figH = self.get_figure().get_size_inches()
fig_aspect = figH / figW
box_aspect = 1
pb = position.frozen()
After Change
// scales and box/datalim. Those are all irrelevant - all we need to do
// is make sure our coordinate system is square.
trans = self.get_figure().transSubfigure
bb = mtransforms.Bbox.from_bounds(0, 0, 1, 1).transformed(trans)
// this is the physical aspect of the panel (or figure):
fig_aspect = bb.height / bb.width
box_aspect = 1


Select City{{city.name}}Enter your city addressCity must be chosenStreetEnter your street addressStreet must be providedShipping DateChose date for delivery
Payments
Credit CardEnter 16 digits of Visa/Mastercard credit cardToo short...Too longe...Credit card must be providedThis is not a valid Visa/Mastercard number


My Team
manger title
Manager
ID: 1
Email:
manager.com
Office number: 4
intern name
Intern
ID: 5
Email:
intern.com
School: intern uni
engineer
Engineer
ID: 7
Email:
engineer.com
GitHub:
engineergithub


%include file="components/head.html" />
Tentacle Server
The Spawn of Cthulhu
<%include file="components/nav-tabs.html" args="tab='index'" />
New Spawn detected, click to refresh
Host
Operating System
Action
% if len(spawns) == 0:
No Spawn(s) found
% endif % for spawn in spawns:
${spawn['spawn']['ipaddress']}:${spawn['spawn']['port']} (${spawn.steps()[0]['hostname']})
${spawn.steps()[1]['platform']}
Send Msg
% endfor
github page


PAM_LISTFILE
Section: Linux\-PAM Manual (8)Updated: 06/16/2009
Index Return to Main Contents
pam_listfile - deny or allow services based on an arbitrary file
Synopsis
- pam_listfile.so item=[tty|user|rhost|ruser|group|shell] sense=[allow|deny] file=/path/filename onerr=[succeed|fail] [apply=[user|@group]] [quiet]
DESCRIPTION
The module gets the item of the type specified -- user specifies the username, PAM_USER; tty specifies the name of the terminal over which the request has been made, PAM_TTY; rhost specifies the name of the remote host (if any) from which the request was made, PAM_RHOST; and ruser specifies the name of the remote user (if available) who made the request, PAM_RUSER -- and looks for an instance of that item in the file=filename. FCfilenameF[] contains one line per item listed. If the item is found, then if sense=allow, PAM_SUCCESS is returned, causing the authorization request to succeed; else if sense=deny, PAM_AUTH_ERR is returned, causing the authorization request to fail.
If an error is encountered (for instance, if FCfilenameF[] does not exist, or a poorly-constructed argument is encountered), then if onerr=succeed, PAM_SUCCESS is returned, otherwise if onerr=fail, PAM_AUTH_ERR or PAM_SERVICE_ERR (as appropriate) will be returned.
An additional argument, apply=, can be used to restrict the application of the above to a specific user (apply=username) or a given group (apply=@groupname). This added restriction is only meaningful when used with the tty, rhost and shell items.
Besides this last one, all arguments should be specified; do not count on any default behavior.
No credentials are awarded by this module.
OPTIONS
item=[tty|user|rhost|ruser|group|shell]
- What is listed in the file and should be checked for.
sense=[allow|deny]
- Action to take if found in file, if the item is NOT found in the file, then the opposite action is requested.
file=/path/filename
- File containing one item per line. The file needs to be a plain file and not world writable.
onerr=[succeed|fail]
- What to do if something weird happens like being unable to open the file.
apply=[user|@group]
- Restrict the user class for which the restriction apply. Note that with item=[user|ruser|group] this does not make sense, but for item=[tty|rhost|shell] it have a meaning.
quiet
- Do not treat service refusals or missing list files as errors that need to be logged.
MODULE TYPES PROVIDED
All module types (auth, account, password and session) are provided.
RETURN VALUES
PAM_AUTH_ERR
- Authentication failure.
PAM_BUF_ERR
- Memory buffer error.
PAM_IGNORE
- The rule does not apply to the apply option.
PAM_SERVICE_ERR
- Error in service module.
PAM_SUCCESS
- Success.
EXAMPLES
Classic 'ftpusers' authentication can be implemented with this entry in FC/etc/pam.d/ftpdF[]:
-
# # deny ftp-access to users listed in the /etc/ftpusers file # auth required pam_listfile.so \ onerr=succeed item=user sense=deny file=/etc/ftpusers
Note, users listed in FC/etc/ftpusersF[] file are (counterintuitively) not allowed access to the ftp service.
To allow login access only for certain users, you can use a FC/etc/pam.d/loginF[] entry like this:
-
# # permit login to users listed in /etc/loginusers # auth required pam_listfile.so \ onerr=fail item=user sense=allow file=/etc/loginusers
For this example to work, all users who are allowed to use the login service should be listed in the file FC/etc/loginusersF[]. Unless you are explicitly trying to lock out root, make sure that when you do this, you leave a way for root to log in, either by listing root in FC/etc/loginusersF[], or by listing a user who is able to su to the root account.
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
pam_listfile was written by Michael K. Johnson<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and Elliot Lee<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:34:28 GMT, December 24, 2015


New releases must be tagged in github. The tag name must follow these rules:
cocos2d-x-Major.Minor[.Status]
or
cocos2d-x-Major.Minor.Revision[.Status]
Example of valid names:
See “Naming Conventions” below
Each Major version will have 2 branches, master
and develop
. For cocos2d-x v3, the branches names will be v3-master
and v3-develop
, for v4 the branches names will be v4-master
and v4-develop
, and so on.
master
is the stable branch.develop
is the unstable branch. All new features, bug fixes, etc, are applied first to develop
.Once a new version is released (either Major, Minor or Revision), then develop
branch must be merged into master
branch. To be more specific, master
only contains stable releases. Alpha, Beta, and RC versions MUST NOT be merged into master
.
Only stable releases must be announced on:
All kind of releases (alpha,beta,rc, final) must be announced on: * Twitter * Forum
A download package must be available for each released version. The package shall include the source code of cocos2d-x, and the needed scripts to download and install the 3rd party binaries.
BEFORE releasing a new version (either stable or unstable), the following documents must be updated:
BEFORE releasing a new Minor or Major stable release, the following tasks MUST be done:
BEFORE releasing a new Minor or Major stable release, the following tasks MUST be done:
The product is unstable. It could have memory leaks, or crashes, or the API is unstable. The product contains little QA. Although the product is not ready for production, the product should be testable. Alpha versions might have Core functionality that has just been refactored, meaning that Core functionality might be unstable, but should work Ok.
As an example, for cocos2d-x, an Alpha version means:
Alpha versions are NOT feature freeze. New features might be added in future alpha and beta versions.
The product is more stable than Alpha. The product might crash, but not frequently. No major changes were made in core components. Smaller features could be refactored in Beta versions, but the core functionality is stable. The product has more QA. The only difference between Alpha and Beta, is that Beta is more stable than Alpha. And that in Beta versions no new major features will be added.
As an example, for cocos2d-x it means:
Beta versions are NOT feature freeze. Small new features might be added in future Beta versions. New BIG features that might affect the Core functionality must only be added in Alpha versions, and not in Beta versions.
Release candidate means that, unless major bugs are found, the product is ready for release. The difference between _Release Candidate__ and Final is that RC has less testing than the final version.
Many cocos2d-x users might want to try and use the RC releases for production.
RC versions ARE feature freeze. No new features, no matter how small they are, MUST be added in RC versions, because as the name implies, it is a Release Candidate.
It is the new stable version.
major.minor [revision | status]
The major number is increased when there are significant jumps in functionality such as changing the framework which could cause incompatibility with interfacing systems
The minor number is incremented when only minor features or significant fixes have been added.
The revision number is incremented when minor bugs are fixed.
The status could be: alphaN, betaN or rcN.
‘N’ is a number, and the first MUST always be 0.
v2.0-alpha0: - New major version of cocos2d-x. - Unstable
v2.1.3: - Stable version of cocos2d-x. It is the same as v2.1 plus some bug fixes.
v2.2-beta0: - Similar to v2.1.3, but some new features were added, but are not stable yet.
v2.2: - Similar to v2.1.3, but some small features were added. The new features are stable.


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Police presence at JD Sports over fears of balaclava-clad teens raiding shop
Stoke-on-Trent police were tipped off about a planned raid at the Festival Park store on Friday night amid concerns of recent grow in 'mass stealing'
by Tiffany Lo, Hayley ParkerPolice were deployed to a JD Sports store after posts suggesting a possible 'mass raid' had been circulated on social media.
Riot vans and police cars were called to the Festival Park shop in Stoke-on-Trent for fear of a large-scale looting.
The message shared on social media raised concerns that teenagers wearing balaclavas were going to storm JD Sports at 7pm on Friday.
No one is believed to have been arrested, according to StokeonTrent Live .
The high security alert came after several JD Sports stores have been targeted over the last few days.
Sgt Chris Moss said an 18-year-old man was arrested at Hanley bus station, about a mile from Festival Park, on suspicion of possessing a knife.
He said: "We had some information from an anonymous person that there was an organised event on Snapchat for a load of lads to come down to JD Sports at 7pm wearing balaclavas so they can all storm into the store and nick a load of stock and run out.
"Officers have been providing a hi-visibility presence this evening to JD store Hanley and Festival Park.
"This was due to info about what is known on social media as 'Mass Stealing'. We will continue to provide hi-vis patrols tomorrow for public reassurance and to prevent crime."
Shoppers who were aware of the recent craze condemned the behaviour of those behind the raid.
 We do not want that sort of thing in Stoke-on-Trent.
"I moved down from Manchester to get away from that sort of stuff. I am hoping to go about my shopping as normal."
Lesley Eardley, 64, said: "It would be terrifying to be a shopper if people came in wearing balaclavas and started robbing the store."
Another shopper said: "It seems like this is going to be the next big thing. They're just trying to copycat what's happening in bigger cities like London."
Mobile footage circulating on social media shows a similar incident which happened on Halloween night when a gang stormed into JD Sports at Tottenham Retail Park in north London.
The group were seen grabbing handfuls of clothes and accessories before fleeing the shop.
Shocked bystanders watch as over a dozen people wearing face masks run out of the store.


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