Functions¶
-
functions.
pca
(dat, qy, qz, mask, sel)¶ PCA calculates the covariance of the diffraction pattern and determines the eigenvalues of the scattering distribution
result = pca(data, qy, qz, mask, selection)
In a principal component analysis of a scattering distribution, the covariance matrix of the distribution is calculated and orthogonalized. The procedure is described in more detail in Bernhardt et al., 2016.
Parameters: - data (numerical array) – Diffraction pattern
- qy (numerical array) – Numerical array of the size of the input data that contains the horizontal momentum transfer
- qz (numerical array) – Numerical array of the size of the input data that contains the vertical momentum transfer
- mask (logical array, default = []) – Logical array of the size of the input data that defines which pixels are considered bad (1 = bad, 0 = valid)
- selection (logical array, default = []) – Logical array of the size of the input data that defines which pixels should be analyzed (1 = valid, 0 = invalid)
Returns: result – Structure with the following fields:
- w: Anisotropy of the data
- angle: Orientation of the first principal component. Note that 0 degrees is along the -y axis and the angle is defined counter-clockwise
- lambda_1: Eigenvalue of the first principal component
- lambda_2: Eigenvalue of the second principal component
Return type: structure
Notes
Example 1:
e = nanodiffraction(); streak = e.simulate_streak(); QY = ; QZ = ; pca_result = pca(streak,QY,QZ,[],[]);
See also EIG
-
functions.
stxm
(data, mask, sel)¶ STXM Integrated the intensity in a diffraction pattern or part of a diffraction pattern
result = stxm(data,mask,selection)
Parameters: - data (two-dimensional numeric array) – A diffraction pattern
- mask (logical array, default = []) – Logical array of the size of the input data that defines which pixels are considered bad (1 = bad, 0 = valid)
- selection (logical array, default = []) – Logical array of the size of the input data that defines which pixels should be analyzed (1 = valid, 0 = invalid)
Returns: result – The integrated intensity of data within a given selection and without masked pixels
Return type: Double
Notes
Example 1:
stxm_result = stxm(data,[],[]);
See also PCA
-
functions.
baseline
(data, winSize, iterations)¶ BASELINE Iterative baseline identification using the strip algorithm as used in pyMCA, see Kieffer et al., 2014.
data = baseline(data, winSize, iterations)
Parameters: - data (One-dimensional numeric array) – Input data
- winSize (integer) – Integer value greater than 0, that defines the size of the filter window used for the strip algorithm.
- iterations (integer) – Integer value greater than 0, that defines the number of iterations.
Returns: data – Baseline that can be used for background subtraction
Return type: One-dimensional numeric array
Notes
Example 1:
[x,y] = split_struct(b1d(data,[],[],e.qr,512),{'x','y'}); bl = baseline(y, 4, 1000);
Example 2:
e = nanodiffraction(); [x,y] = split_struct(b1d(data,[],[],e.qr,512),{'x','y'}); bl = baseline(y, 4, 1000); bgr_2d = e.azimuthal_spread(...); bgr_sub = data - bgr_2d;
-
functions.
autoc
(data)¶ AUTOC estimates the contrast of an image to lie within the 5 and 95 percentile of an image. Data will be clipped to the according value
[DATA,LOW,HIGH] = AUTOC(DATA)
Parameters: data (Numeric array) – Numeric array of any dimension Returns: - data (Numeric array) – Input data clipped at the lower and upper percentile
- low (Floating-point number) – Value of the lower (5%) percentile
- high (Floating-point number) – Value of the upper (95%) percentile
Notes
Example 1:
data = magic(256); [data_clipped,low,high] = autoc(data);
-
functions.
binning_2d
(image, binx, biny)¶ BINNING_2D bins and image according to the binning factors binx and biny.
BINNED_IMAGE = BINNING_2D(IMAGE, BINX, BINY)
Parameters: - image (Two-dimensional numeric array) – Input image
- binx (Integer) – Integer binning factor along the horizontal dimension
- biny (Integer) – Integer binning factor along the vertical dimension
Returns: binned_image – Image binned by the binning factors binx and biny
Return type: Two-dimensional numeric array
Notes
Example 1:
testimage = magic(256); binned_im = binning_2d(testimage,2,2);
-
functions.
dpc
(Mass)¶ DPC calculates center of mass for an image
[dpcx, dpcy] = dpc(data)
Parameters: data (numerical array) – Diffraction pattern Returns: - dpcx (Floating-point number) – center of mass along the horizontal dimension
- dpcy (Floating-point number) – center of mass along the vertical dimension
-
functions.
get_index
(y, val)¶ GET_INDEX calculates the index of a data entry within the data array which is closest to a reference value
[I,X] = GET_INDEX(Y,VAL)
Parameters: - Y (One-dimensional numerical array) – Data array
- VAL (Integer of floating-point value) – Reference value
Returns: - I (Integer) – Index within the search array Y
- X (Integer of floating-point value)
- Value of the entry at position I in the search array Y
Notes
Example 1:
y = 1:100; [I,X] = get_index(y,22.7);
-
functions.
imla
(dat)¶ IMLA Shows an intensity image on a logarithmic scale.
imla(data)
Parameters: data (numerical array) – Diffraction pattern Notes
imla is a short-hand notation for
imagesc(log10(abs(dat)))
-
functions.
split_struct
(struct_name, arglist)¶ SPLIT_STRUCT Returns each indicated field as a separate variable.
result = split_struct(structure, cell_array_of_arguments)
Parameters: - structure (Structure) – A structure that contains any number of fields. It can also be a nested structure
- cell_array_of_arguments (Cell array) – A cell array of field names. Each field name will be searched in the (possibly nested) structure. If a field name was found in the structure, it is added to the output argument list.
Returns: Return type: Variable-length output argument list. The length of the list is given by the number of fields that matched a query field name.
Notes
Example 1:
test_structure = struct('w',magic(25),'angle',pi/6); [w,angle] = split_struct(test_structure,{'w','angle'});
Example 2:
test_structure = struct('w', magic(25), 'angle', pi/6, struct('power', 2^3, 'prime', 13)); [w,angle,prime] = split_struct(test_structure,{'w','angle','prime'});
-
functions.
symmetry
(data, bgr, sigma, noise_level, obj)¶ SYMMETRY identifies peaks in the image and determines whether n-fold rotational symmetry exists.
LN = SYMMETRY(DAT,BGR,SIGMA,NOISELEVEL,OBJ)
Parameters: - data (Two-dimensional numeric array) – Diffraction pattern
- bgr (Two-dimensional numeric array) – Background, that will be subtracted from diffraction pattern. bgr has to be of the same size as data
- sigma (Integer or floating-point value) – Width of Gaussian filter applied onto the data
- noiselevel (Integer or floating-point value) – SNR level that functions as a threshold for peak detection.
- obj (Class handle) – Handle to a nanodiffraction object
Returns: - Ln – Description missing.
- binCenter – Description missing.
-
functions.
crystals
(data, mask, sel, threshold)¶ CRYSTAL Calculates the signal-to-noise ratio and calculates the integrated intensity for data above a given threshold
[result] = crystals(data,mask,sel,threshold)
Parameters: - data (Two-dimensional numeric array) – Diffraction pattern
- mask (logical array, default = []) – Logical array of the size of the input data that defines which pixels are considered bad (1 = bad, 0 = valid)
- selection (logical array, default = []) – Logical array of the size of the input data that defines which pixels should be analyzed (1 = valid, 0 = invalid)
- threshold (numeric value) – Data above which the scattered intensity should be integrated
Returns: result – Integrated intensity of scattered intensity of all valid data points above the given threshold
Return type: Numeric value
-
functions.
sort_scan
(data, rows, cols, varargin)¶ SORT_SCAN Reshapes a given one-dimensional or two-dimensional numerical array or cell array into the dimensions of the scan. In the case of a two-dimensional array, each column is treated independently and the result will be output as a stack of two-dimensional numerical arrays.
out_array = sort_scan(data,rows,cols,scanmode)
Parameters: - data (One- or two-dimensional numerical array or cell array) – One-dimensional or two-dimensional numerical array. If the data is two-dimensional, each column will be treated seperately and stored in the third dimension of the output array, since the first dimension of the input array will be expanded into the first two dimensions of the output array.
Returns: out_array – Two- or three-dimensional numeric array. The first two dimensions are of the size of the scan dimensions.
Return type: Two- or three-dimensional numeric array
-
functions.
update_defaults
(defaults, opts)¶ UPDATE_DEFAULTS overwrites values in a structure with given values from a reference structure
config = update_defaults(defaults,opts)
Parameters: - defaults (Structure) – Structure containing default entries.
- opts (Structure) – Structure containing entries that should be used to overwrite entries in the default structure.
Returns: config – A structure that contains all fields from the default structure
Return type: Structure
Notes
Example 1:
config = update_defaults(struct('a',1,'b','test'),struct('b','replaced'));


This site has been created to provide a unified place for tutorials to be available when Phaser 3 gets released. These are tutorials on how to make games with Phaser 3, and not for the actual development of the engine.
To help out with this project, you can write tutorials, as I have seen in a few places on the internet already. All you have to do is clone the repo from GitHub, create an HTML file in the content folder, and write your tutorial in there. Here is an example page. Then, just create a pull request to add your changes to the site.
Any other changes to this site are welcome, just submit a PR.


| Constructor and Description |
|---|
ConcreteMap(Tile[][] matrixMap,
java.util.List<Room> rooms,
java.lang.String mapID)
Creates a new
ConcreteMap using the matrixMap and list of rooms provided by the MapBuilder. |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
bindRooms()
Used to set the map of the rooms in rooms since they are created
before the Map to which they belong is initialised.
|
MapData |
generateMapData() |
java.util.List<Tile> |
getAllTiles() |
int |
getDistance(Tile source,
Tile destination)
Distance from source and destination.
|
MapListener |
getListener() |
java.lang.String |
getMapID() |
TilePosition |
getPlayerPosition(Player player) |
java.util.List<Player> |
getPlayers() |
java.util.List<Room> |
getRooms()
Returns the rooms in the map.
|
Tile |
getSpawnPointFromColor(AmmoColor ammoColor) |
Tile |
getTile(TilePosition tilePosition)
Returns the tile in tilePosition in Map.
|
void |
movePlayer(Player player,
Tile destination)
Method used to move the player or add it on the map if it needs to spawn.
|
void |
removePlayer(Player player)
Method use to when a player has been killed and needs to be removed from the map before respawing in his next turn
|
java.util.List<Tile> |
selectTiles(TileSelector selector)
Used to extract selectable tiles in the map based on the selector.
|
void |
sendMapData()
sends through the listener the MapData used to update the views.
|
void |
setListener(MapListener listener) |
void |
updatePlayerState(Player player,
boolean alive)
Method used to keep track of deaths, respawns and resurrections.
|
public java.util.List<Room> getRooms()
public Tile getTile(TilePosition tilePosition)
public void bindRooms()
public void movePlayer(Player player, Tile destination)
movePlayer
in interface Map
player
- that needs to be moveddestination
- the tile to which the player should be moved.public void setListener(MapListener listener)
setListener
in interface Map
public MapListener getListener()
getListener
in interface Map
public void removePlayer(Player player)
removePlayer
in interface Map
player
- public java.util.List<Tile> selectTiles(TileSelector selector)
Map
selectTiles
in interface Map
selector
- the conditions the tiles have to meet.public Tile getSpawnPointFromColor(AmmoColor ammoColor)
getSpawnPointFromColor
in interface Map
ammoColor
- public java.util.List<Tile> getAllTiles()
getAllTiles
in interface Map
public int getDistance(Tile source, Tile destination)
getDistance
in interface Map
source
- destination
- public MapData generateMapData()
generateMapData
in interface Map
public java.util.List<Player> getPlayers()
getPlayers
in interface Map
public TilePosition getPlayerPosition(Player player)
getPlayerPosition
in interface Map
public void sendMapData()
Map
sendMapData
in interface Map
public void updatePlayerState(Player player, boolean alive)
updatePlayerState
in interface Map
player
- alive
-


Holy Shit, An Ex-Stripper Used HONY To Spill Decades Of Face-Melting Tea
by By David AdamsThe Humans of New York formula is foolproof. Photograph ordinary folks, conduct a brief interview in which the subject illuminates a rich and compelling inner life, share said content with millions of empaths, repeat until you sit down with Barack Obama.
Things get a bit fucky when Brandon Stanton finds someone extraordinarily compelling, who not only forces us to accept the fact every person around us harbours immense and revelatory beauty, but that a one-time President of the United States allegedly hired a sex worker every time he rolled into New York City.
That’s the takeaway from Humans Of New York’s latest post about Tanqueray, a woman introduced to the audience only through her stripper name, who apparently accrued decades of face-melting gossip from her time in New York City’s club scene.
Through three consecutive posts, Tanqueray has outlined a life of vibrancy and turmoil: tossed out of home at seventeen while pregnant, Tanqueray said she landed an internship at the storied Fashion Institute of Technology, which provided her work with for “the strippers and porn stars in Times Square. All my friends were gay people, because they never judged me.  And I couldn’t get enough of the costumes.”
She also harkened back to an encounter with a Hasidic rabbi. It’s a sentence which, in fairness, is the best novel I’ve read all year.
Then came her rise in the scene, complete with this perfect anecdote:
In fact, one night after a show, I caught another dancer sneaking off to the Tate Hotel with our biggest tipper. Not allowed. So the next night we put a little itching powder in her G-string. Boy did she put on a show that night. Didn’t see her again until ‘The Longest Yard’ with Burt Reynolds.
As for the thing about El Presidente, we sincerely believe it’s best for you to digest the story as presented by HONY:
Hachi machi.
Those revelations have sparked furious discussion in the comments section, with folks trying to triangulate Tanqueray’s timeline with the life of mobster Matty the Horse (who actually existed!), the filmography of Burt Reynolds, and the succession of US Presidents.
The posts are also look like documentary-fodder for many commenters, who are demanding Netflix take a swing at something, anything, with blessed Tanqueray. That number includes Jennifer Garner, FWIW.
The mini-memoir is perhaps the most unexpected exposé since hit record producer Quincy Jones sounded off on JFK, Michael Jackson, and The Beatles for no apparent reason.
We would obviously appreciate more input from Tanqueray, but if this is the last we hear from her before she returns to a life of relative privacy, that’s fine too. She’s already given us so much.
Image: @humansofny / Instagram


|
PX4 Firmware
PX4 Autopilot Software http://px4.io
|
#include <drivers/device/CDev.hpp>
#include <drivers/device/Device.hpp>
#include <px4_config.h>
#include <px4_workqueue.h>
#include <perf/perf_counter.h>
#include <drivers/drv_baro.h>
#include <drivers/drv_hrt.h>
#include <drivers/device/ringbuffer.h>
#include <drivers/drv_device.h>
#include <uORB/uORB.h>
#include <float.h>
Go to the source code of this file.
Classes | |
| class | LPS22HB |
Macros | |
| #define | BOOT (1 << 7) |
| #define | FIFO_EN (1 << 6) |
| #define | STOP_ON_FTH (1 << 5) |
| #define | IF_ADD_INC (1 << 4) |
| #define | I2C_DIS (1 << 3) |
| #define | SWRESET (1 << 2) |
| #define | ONE_SHOT (1 << 0) |
| #define | T_OR (1 << 5) |
| #define | P_OR (1 << 4) |
| #define | T_DA (1 << 1) |
| #define | P_DA (1 << 0) |
Typedefs | |
| typedef device::Device *(* | LPS22HB_constructor) (int) |
Functions | |
| device::Device * | LPS22HB_SPI_interface (int bus) |
| device::Device * | LPS22HB_I2C_interface (int bus) |
Variables | |
| static constexpr uint8_t | WHO_AM_I = 0x0F |
| static constexpr uint8_t | LPS22HB_ID_WHO_AM_I = 0xB1 |
| static constexpr uint8_t | CTRL_REG1 = 0x10 |
| static constexpr uint8_t | CTRL_REG2 = 0x11 |
| static constexpr uint8_t | CTRL_REG3 = 0x12 |
| static constexpr uint8_t | STATUS = 0x27 |
| static constexpr uint8_t | PRESS_OUT_XL = 0x28 |
| static constexpr uint8_t | PRESS_OUT_L = 0x29 |
| static constexpr uint8_t | PRESS_OUT_H = 0x2A |
| static constexpr uint8_t | TEMP_OUT_L = 0x2B |
| static constexpr uint8_t | TEMP_OUT_H = 0x2C |
| #define BOOT (1 << 7) |
Definition at line 59 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::reset(), and DfBebopBusWrapper::start().
| #define FIFO_EN (1 << 6) |
Definition at line 60 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
| #define I2C_DIS (1 << 3) |
Definition at line 63 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::reset().
| #define IF_ADD_INC (1 << 4) |
Definition at line 62 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::measure().
| #define ONE_SHOT (1 << 0) |
Definition at line 65 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::measure().
| #define P_DA (1 << 0) |
Definition at line 72 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
| #define P_OR (1 << 4) |
Definition at line 70 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
| #define STOP_ON_FTH (1 << 5) |
Definition at line 61 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
| #define SWRESET (1 << 2) |
Definition at line 64 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::reset().
| #define T_DA (1 << 1) |
Definition at line 71 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
| #define T_OR (1 << 5) |
Definition at line 69 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
| typedef device::Device*(* LPS22HB_constructor) (int) |
Definition at line 84 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
| device::Device * LPS22HB_I2C_interface | ( | int | bus | ) |
Definition at line 70 of file LPS22HB_I2C.cpp.
References LPS22HB_I2C::LPS22HB_I2C().
| device::Device* LPS22HB_SPI_interface | ( | int | bus | ) |
|
static |
Definition at line 55 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
|
static |
Definition at line 56 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::measure(), and LPS22HB::reset().
|
static |
Definition at line 57 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
|
static |
Definition at line 53 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB_I2C::probe().
|
static |
Definition at line 76 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::collect().
|
static |
Definition at line 75 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::collect().
|
static |
Definition at line 74 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::collect().
|
static |
Definition at line 67 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
|
static |
Definition at line 79 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::collect().
|
static |
Definition at line 78 of file LPS22HB.hpp.
Referenced by LPS22HB::collect().
|
static |
Definition at line 52 of file LPS22HB.hpp.


Britney Archive
This website is an incomplete and ongoing archive of the early albums of Britney Spears, spanning 1999-2007. Created in 2019 by Darian Newman.
1999
1999
1999
2000
2001
2003
2004
2007


Getting started
All the basics of using Umbraco v7. From your first local installation, to a fully functional customized CMS.
Implementation
Get an overview of how the Umbraco pipeline is structured. Not sure what to search for? Get a birdseye view of what happens from user request to content delivery.
Extending
Documentation on the areas in Umbraco that are extendal such as the backoffice ui and database. Create your own property editors and develop packages for easy re-use and sharing.
Dashboard
As with the other .config files in the /config directory the Dashboard.config file lets you customize a portion of the Umbraco experience. In this case the Dashboard.config file controls what shows up in the Dashboard section of the UI when a section of the site loads. The Dashboard is the area on the right side of the UI where most of the data entry and functional interaction takes place.
By default, Umbraco shows a blank Dashboard when a new section loads and only shows a form when you take action within the section (i.e. when you click on a node in the Content section, the Dashboard shows the form to update that node's data).  Well that is what the Dashboard.config allows you to do. Layout
Like the other .config files Dashboard.config is a simple XML file with a fairly straight-forward layout as seen below.
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<dashBoard>

<areas>
<area>[area name]</area>
...
</areas>
<tab caption="[caption]">
<control>[path]</control>
</tab>
...

...
</dashBoard>
Section (different from a Umbraco UI Section)
Delimits dashboard information to apply to one or more sections. The Dashboard.config may include multiple sections.
Areas
Defines to which sections of the Umbraco UI to apply the subset of dashboard information. area - Always lowercase!
The name* of the Umbraco UI Section where you want your user control to be displayed (e.g. content, media, developer, settings, members or a custom section name). You can add your controls to more than one section by adding multiple nodes.
The area with the name 'default' is the first dashboard shown when a user login, no matter which sections the user have access to!
A little gotcha, make sure you include the name of your app in lowercase!
Tab
Defines a page tab that you would like your user control to be added to. The attribute 'caption' defines the text displayed on the tab. There can be multiple tabs for each Dashboard "page" control
Defines the path to the user control you would like to be displayed on a tab. access - NEW IN UMBRACO 4.1!
The
It works by adding an <access/>
node under either a

, <tab/>
or <control />
node. As children of
<grant />
which grants permissions to those types of users (AND automatically deny access to those who're not there!)
<grantBySection />
which grants permissions to those users who got access to specific sections. This can be useful for more granular permissions
<deny />
which denies permissions to those types of users (AND automatically grants everyone else)
No matter the settings the root user (id:0) can see everything, so don't panic if you set deny permissions for administrators and still are able to see everything ;-)
Example on permissions:
<tab caption="Last Edits">
<access>
<grant>writer</grant>
<grant>editor</grant>
<grantBySection>content</grantBySection>
</access>
<control>/usercontrols/dashboard/latestEdits.ascx</control>
</tab>
Customizing
In order to customize the dashboard in Umbraco, one needs to do a couple of things. Create one or more UserControls
The Dashboard loads one or more UserControls and displays them on a series of tabs. So in order to customize the control, one needs to first create the UserControls that are to be displayed on the page. If these are for your own personal use you can just place the UserControls in a location on your site that can be accessed by Umbraco. It is recommended that you place them in the /usercontrol directory, preferably in your own subfolder. If you are creating a package for others to use, you should include the usercontrols in the package for install with the rest of the package contents. Update the Dashboard.config
Once you have created the UserControls that you want to have loaded when a section loads, you must then update the Dashboard.config to tell Umbraco to load your UserControls when a user enters a new section. Again if you are doing this for yourself all you need to do is edit the Dashboard.config on your site to add the controls. However, if you are adding a section to go with a package, you will want to include a Package Action to update the Dashboard.config during install. Click here for more information on Package Actions. Sample
Below is an example of a valid Dashboard.config:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<dashBoard>

<areas>
<area>content</area>
</areas>
<tab caption="Last Edits">
<access>
<deny>editor</deny>
</access>
<control>/usercontrols/dashboard/latestEdits.ascx</control>
</tab>
<tab caption="Latest Items">
<control>/usercontrols/dashboard/newestItems.ascx</control>
</tab>
<tab caption="Create blog post">
<control>/usercontrols/umbracoBlog/dashboardBlogPostCreate.ascx</control>
</tab>

</dashBoard>
What this does is every time a user clicks on the Content section of the Umbraco UI (the sections are in the lower left of the screen) it loads a page with three tabs called "Last Edits", "Latest Items" and "Create blog post". For each tab a UserControl is loaded to provide the functionality that the developer created for those tabs. The UI finds the UserControls via the paths provided.


In Sec. 6, we have provided the steps to construct the magnetic surface coordinate system . Only one additional step is needed to construct the straight-line flux coordinate system . The additional step is to calculate the generalized toroidal angle according to Eq. (235), where is obtained from Eq. (). This step introduces the new toroidal angle and thus introduces a new magnetic surfaces coordinate system , which is a straight-line flux coordinate system. Also note that the Jacobian of coordinates happens to be equal to that of coordinates.


Chibuzor Osinachi
Copywriter
About
I am Osinachi. I love coding, when am not coding, I cook, read books or play video games.
I am an aspiring:
UI/UX designer
graphics designer
Copywriter
Front-end developer


Eloquent FFmpeg simplifies interactions with
FFmpeg's command line tools into a simple yet powerful API.
This library is fully typed, so in editors such as VS Code, intellisense should help you get started.
You may also want to view the API documentation
or examples/
.
If something is missing or doesn't feel right, feel free to open an issue or a pull request to change it. This library is still in a very early stage, but there shouldn't be any major breaking changes.
Only NodeJS 10.x or higher is supported
Eloquent FFmpeg must know where to find your ffmpeg
or ffprobe
executables,
you can use the environment variables FFMPEG_PATH
and FFPROBE_PATH
, pointing
to the ffmpeg
and ffprobe
executables respectively.
To set the path programmatically use setFFmpegPath()
or setFFprobePath()
.
import { setFFmpegPath, setFFprobePath } from 'eloquent-ffmpeg';
setFFmpegPath('/path/to/your/ffmpeg');
setFFprobePath('/path/to/your/ffprobe');
Note: Eloquent FFmpeg will not search in PATH
, to search for the executables in PATH
use
node which, which mimics unix operating systems' which
command.
npm install --save which
import { setFFmpegPath, setFFprobePath } from 'eloquent-ffmpeg';
import which from 'which';
setFFmpegPath(which.sync('ffmpeg'));
setFFprobePath(which.sync('ffprobe'));
GitHub Actions
To install FFmpeg on a GitHub Actions' runner use FedericoCarboni/setup-ffmpeg.
Since most of Eloquent FFmpeg's methods are asynchronous it is advised to use
async-await
to improve readability.
A simple example could use the following:
// Create a new command
const cmd = ffmpeg({
// Include any options here...
});
// Select input(s)
cmd.input('input.mkv');
// ... and output(s)
cmd.output('output.mp4');
// Spawn ffmpeg as a child process
const process = await cmd.spawn();
// Wait for the conversion to complete
await process.complete();
Streams can be used as input sources and output destinations, there is no hard
limit on how many streams can be used. Pass Node.js streams directly to
FFmpegCommand.input()
and FFmpegCommand.output()
.
Example using Node.js' fs
module.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.input(fs.createReadStream('input.mkv'));
// The same output will be written to two destinations.
cmd.output(fs.createWriteStream('dest1.webm'), 'dest2.webm')
// When using streams the format must be explicitly specified
// because it can't be inferred from the file extension.
.format('webm');
const process = await cmd.spawn();
await process.complete();
Note: Some formats require inputs and/or outputs to be seekable which means
that they cannot be used with streams, notable example being MP4. Some other
formats require a special format name to be explicitly set, for example to use
streams for GIF files the input format must be gif_pipe
.
See FFmpegCommand.input() and FFmpegCommand.output()
To concatenate inputs use FFmpegCommand.concat()
, at the moment it is still unstable.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.concat(['file:input1.mkv', 'file:input2.mkv']);
cmd.output('output.mkv');
const process = await cmd.spawn();
await process.complete();
Note: When passing inputs to FFmpegCommand.concat()
the protocol must be explicitly specified,
file:
for example, streams are handled automatically. Sometimes it may be necessary to explicitly
enable certain protocols.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.concat(['file:input1.mkv', 'https://example.com/input2.mkv'], {
protocols: ['file', 'tcp', 'tls', 'http', 'https'],
});
cmd.output('output.mkv');
const process = await cmd.spawn();
await process.complete();
See FFmpegCommand.concat() and ConcatOptions.
Eloquent FFmpeg exposes a few methods which act as a shortcut to set a few options. See FFmpegInput and FFmpegOutput
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.input('input.mp4')
.format('mp4');
cmd.output('output.mkv')
.audioCodec('aac');
To set input and output options their .args()
method can also be used.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.input('input.mp4')
.args('-format', 'mp4');
cmd.output('output.mkv')
.args('-codec:a', 'aac');
Make sure to check the API documentation for FFmpegProcess.
To receive real-time updates on the conversion's progress, use the FFmpegProcess.progress()
method.
It returns an async generator of Progress.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.input('input.mkv');
cmd.output('output.mp4');
const process = await cmd.spawn();
for await (const { speed, time } of process.progress()) {
console.log(`Converting @ ${speed}x – ${time}/${TOTAL_TIME}`);
}
// NOTE: The progress generator will return when ffmpeg writes a
// `progress=end` line, which signals the end of progress updates,
// not the conversion's completion.
// Use process.complete() to wait for completion.
await process.complete();
console.log('Hooray! Conversion complete!');
To use Node.js' streams, FFmpegProcess.progress()
can be turned into a Node.js readable stream
using Readable.from()
.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.input('input.mkv');
cmd.output('output.mp4');
const process = await cmd.spawn();
const progress = Readable.from(process.progress());
progress.on('data', ({ speed, time }) => {
console.log(`Converting @ ${speed}x – ${time}/${TOTAL_TIME}`);
});
progress.on('end', () => {
// NOTE: The progress stream will end when ffmpeg writes a
// `progress=end` line, which signals the end of progress
// updates, not the conversion's completion.
console.log('No more progress updates');
});
// Use process.complete() to wait for completion.
await process.complete();
console.log('Hooray! Conversion complete!');
Tracking progress as a percentage: To get a percentage from the progress the total duration of the media must be known, this is very easy if the duration is not modified.
Probe the input file and calculate the percentage by dividing the current time
by the duration
and multiplying by 100.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
const input = cmd.input('input.mkv');
const info = await input.probe();
cmd.output('video.mp4');
const process = await cmd.spawn();
for await (const { speed, time } of process.progress()) {
console.log(`Converting @ ${speed}x – ${time / info.duration * 100}%`);
}
await process.complete();
console.log('Hooray! Conversion complete!');
The conversion can be paused and resumed using FFmpegProcess.pause()
and FFmpegProcess.resume()
. Both methods are synchronous, they return true
upon success, false
otherwise.
Note: On Windows this requires the optional dependency ntsuspend to be installed.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.input('input.mkv');
cmd.output('output.mp4');
const process = await cmd.spawn();
// Pause the conversion
process.pause();
// Resume...
process.resume();
await process.complete();
The conversion can be terminated early using FFmpegProcess.abort()
, this
gracefully interrupts the conversion allowing FFmpeg to end the file correctly.
The method is asynchronous.
Note: abort()
resolves when FFmpeg exits, but it doesn't guarantee that it
will exit successfully, any possible errors should be handled explicitly.
const cmd = ffmpeg();
cmd.input('input.mkv');
cmd.output('output.mp4');
const process = await cmd.spawn();
await process.abort();
This error is likely caused by a corrupt or missing installation of ntsuspend, required to pause and resume the process on Windows. Try to uninstall and reinstall ntsuspend, and if you experience further issues open a new issue to get help.


Kane is most able striker in the world – David Villa
Spain’s record scorer Villa believes Kane is world class.
David Villa has labelled Harry Kane as the best striker in the world.
Spain’s record scorer believes no one can touch the England captain as a number nine.
Kane now has 32 goals in 45 games for the Three Lions after a hat-trick against Montenegro and a strike in Kosovo as England reached Euro 2020 last week.
World Cup winner Villa scored 59 times in 98 games for Spain and insisted Kane is perfect.
“He is great in almost everything he does, he is one of the candidates for taking the golden boot at Euro 2020 for sure.”
Tottenham sit 14th in the Premier League, nine points off the top four, after failing to build on last season’s run to the Champions League final, where they lost to Liverpool.
Captain Kane still has 10 goals for Spurs this term and has been linked with Manchester United, Bayern Munich and Real Madrid in the past.
But Villa insisted he does not have to leave White Hart Lane to fulfil his ambitions.
“I know they are not doing so well this year but I’m not in his mind, I don’t know his future. He will be a good player wherever he goes for sure, he has talent to play in other leagues.”
Villa announced this week he will retire in January after a season with Vissel Kobe in Japan.
It came after four years with New York City FC and the former Barcelona star will now spearhead a team in the New York borough of Queens.
“I’m not worried about about he next step, I’ve got many priorities ahead and one of them is Queensboro,” he added, speaking at the launch of the Booking.com Stadium Suite.
“We have many things to do, it’s one of the things in the next step of my life.”
:: For a chance to win the Ultimate Overnight Football Experience at Booking.com’s Stadium Suite at Wembley Stadium on the night of the Final of UEFA EURO 2020 visit www.booking.com/stadiumsuite (Ts&Cs apply)


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Welcome to the continually updated CBS Local Daily Story Stream. Here’s a look at the top stories people are talking about now across our network of CBS Local sites.
Welcome to the continually updated CBS Local Daily Story Stream. Here’s a look at the top stories people are talking about now across our network of CBS Local sites.


Bekal fortThe 300 years old defensive mechanism which is the largest and well-preserved fort makes it one of the best Kasaragod tourist place. You can get an enthralling view of the mesmerizing Arabian sea from the fort’s observation tower which was once used to fire the cannons! The impressive strength of the fort brings a herd of tourists to witness the glorious past and be awestruck. Visit an old mosque near this fort to dive deeper into history Location: A Half hour away south of Kasaragod at a distance of 16 kilometers, and exact address is Kasaragod Road, PO Bekal Fort, Beside Bekal Fort Railway Station Dist, Bekal, Kerala 671316 Timings: 8:00 am to 5:00 pm |
|
Ananthapura lake templeCarved with mythological tales of Puranas and a hidden cave leading to a pond, this temple is well preserved for astonishing reactions all for its magnificent architecture. God’s own country has abundant homes of the lord. However, this particular locale is amongst the most visited places in Kasaragod. Residing in the middle of a lake, it makes the tourists curious enough to come and pay a visit. As stated, this locale is a host to a crocodile named Babiya which won’t be trouble as it got no interest in human flesh and is believed to be a protector of the temple. Though it is advisable not to pet it, just in case! |


You would be surprised how much fun you could have, and how much money you could make, by dribbling. Like most of us, you were probably encouraged not to dribble when you were a youngster. Your ma or pa probably said to you something along the lines of “God in heaven, child, you won't get very far in life if all you do is stand around dribbling all day!” The thing is, they were right, which is why you would be astonished if you had fun, or made a profit, simply by dribbling.
However, should you wish to pursue this activity as a career option, here are some tips.
Of course, an element of luck is essential in all such career trajectories, but sooner or later one of your passers-by may well be a top-flight television executive, from either the BBC or one of the independent networks, and they will surely sign you up for your very own primetime show, where you will be able to dispense with the cap and the bells and the capering and the shoebox, and just face the camera and dribble, dribble, dribble.


The primary design goal for Upward is to succintly describe the behavior of front-end web applications.
Other goals/parameters:: * Minimize the API footprint. * Leverage modern technologies, including ES6.
The fundamental idea is a declarative style, where we can say:
country = "USA";
display(country);
// then later...
country = "Japan";
display
here is intended to be a declaration that we want to display a map of whatever the current value of country
happens to be. In other words, country = "Japan"
should act as a trigger to change the map. In other frameworks, We see the following kind of approach to accomplish this:
set('country', "USA");
display(get('country')).observes('country');
// then later...
set('country', "Japan");
because in an ES5 world this is the only way to capture a variable being set, and specify the dependencies of display
. Essentially, we have replaced the good old assignment statement with the unwieldy set('var', value)
in order to be able to watch it, and are forced to adorn our function calls with explicit dependencies using observes
or some equivalent.
We propose to write the above as:
data = U({ country: "USA" });
display = C(_display);
display(data.country);
// then later...
data.country = "Japan";
Here, U
transforms the object so as to make its properties watchable, and C
transforms the function so as to make it watch its parameters. ES6 and features such as Object.observe
give us the tools to accomplish this streamlining. We call country
and other properties in data
"upwardables" or "upwardable values"; the data
object itself an "upwardable object"; and the display
function an "upwardable function".
Upwardable values are values which are capable of updating themselves and being watched. They are called "upwardable" since they can pass their values, and changes to their values, "upward" to a function using them. The most common way of creating an upwardable value is to apply U
to an object to make its properties into upwardable values.
We could implement upwardable values as some kind of wrapper around the underlying value, but this would prevent us from using them directly as regular values, forcing us to access their values as object.prop.valueOf()
or something similar. We want upwardable values to both be watchable, but also to function as themselves to the maximum extent possible. In Upward, upwardable values have this characteristic, so we can say
data = U({ country: "USA" });
console.log("I live in " + data.country);
and all works as expected.
Object-valued upwardable values are themselves, with minimal additional features allowing them to be identified as such, and allowing them to watch and report changes to their values. Primitive-valued upwardable values are the primitives in an object wrapper, such as Object("USA")
. This allows them to be used as themselves in nearly all contexts, the main exception being boolean values, where instead of saying !data.bool
we need to say !Boolean(data.bool)
or !data.bool.valueOf()
, or any other construct which forces coercion (for example, !+data.bool
, or data.bool == false
). Null and undefined upwardable values are held in special object wrappers.
Upwardable values are identifiable by virtue of being kept in a global WeakMap. For debugging purposes, they are adorned with a unique ID.
A stand-alone upwardable value can be created with the makeUpwardable
API exported from 'src/Upw/Upw'
, but this will rarely be necessary for the end-developer.
Upwardable functions are functions which are capable of watching their parameters and re-executing themselves when they change. They are most commonly created by the C
operator on a normal function. Upwardable functions also return upwardable values, so their results can be handled properly as input to other upwardable functions.
In this simplest case, C(fn)
simply recomputes the function whenever things change. However, we also would like the the following abilities:
To accomplish this, the design is that the functions actually underlying upwardable functions are generators, which yield
each successive value. The C(fn)
notation is actually sugar for wrapping a generator around fn
and building an upwardable function based on that. If you wish to provide your own generator on which to base an upwardable function, call makeUpwardableFunction(generator, run)
(an export from 'src/Upw/Fun'
). Here run
is a function which the generator may call to signal a request for its own recalculation. Your generator should yield an initial value, then yield additional values based on the array of revised arguments passed with each call to next()
. As mentioned above, the generator may also yield a promise, in which case the new value of the function is then eventual value of the yielded promise when resolved.
It may be the case that the initial call to the underlying function is at a point when the function is not yet ready to deliver a result. In that case, the function may return a default or placeholder value as the first yield
, or specified as the second argument to C()
.
It is also desirable that upwardable functions recompute not only when their parameters change, but also when other values affecting the calculation change. In other words, we want C(x => x+1)
to work properly, of course, but in addition C(() => model.count + 1)
needs to recompute when model.count
changes. To accomplish this, upwardable values accessed during the computation of an upwardable function are monitored, and trigger a recalculation when changed.
 They are most commonly created by the U
operator. An upwardable object not only makes upwardable values out of the properties it contains when created, but also creates upwardable values of any properties added in the future.
Upwardable objects have access to the methods and
and or
, which create deep-merged, upwardable objects. and
takes the earlier value, or
takes a later value. So
U({ a: { b: 1 } }) . and({ a: { b: 2 } })
returns a value for a.b
of 2. This feature is especially useful for objects used as DOM attributes, which contain nested objects for style and class (see below).
Upwardable properties are promise-aware. In other words, setting an upwardable property to a promise will result in that property's value eventually being set to the resolved value of the promise. For instance, we can set app.model = asynchTask();
, and app.model
will be set to the resulting value when ready. If the promise fails, then app.model
will be left unchanged. Until the promise resolves, accessing the property will retrieve its value prior to being set to a promise.
Note that this means that promises themselves cannot be held in upwardable properties on upwardable objects. If you assign a promise to an upwardable property in hopes of keeping it there,, sooner or later, when the promise resolves, the property will take on the resolved value.
In line with the Upward design objective of "all-JavaScript", we want to avoid yet another language in our stack to define HTML templates, with its own odd-ball syntax and control structures. Accordingly, in Upward DOM elements are created in JavaScript, using the E(tagname)
API. This creates a real DOM node, not a shadow or proxy. Some call this "sugared DOM". For more information, see here. This API is not upwardable; after all, an element cannot change its tagname once created.
Text nodes are created using T(text)
. This is upwardable, so when text
changes, the nodeValue
will change in parallel:
app = U({ name: "Upward" });
document.body.appendChild(T(app.name));
app.name = "Newname";
HTML elements created via E()
have available to them prototype methods for basic operations:
is
, to set attributes, classes and styleshas
, to set childrendoes
, to set event handlerssets
, to bind element valuesAll these setters are upward-aware, so that changes to attributes, children etc. result in automatic updating of the DOM element. A common pattern in Upward is
dom = E('div') .
has(children) .
is({ class: { list: true } }) .
does({ click: handler });
In a gratuitous nod to convenience, the E()
API supports in-line IDs and classes in the form E('div#id.class')
, which is equivalent to E('div') . is({ id: 'id' class: { class: true } })
.
Attributes, including classes, styles, and data attributes, are set using the .is()
method on the HTMLElement
prototype, also made available as the default export from 'src/Upw/Att'
. The attributes are specified as a hash of attribute name/value pairs.
Styles, classes, and data attributes are specified as sub-hashes, with full upward treatment.
style
sub-hash uses camelCased style property keys specifying the property values.class
sub-hash uses camelCased class names with boolean values (true
to turn on that class). dataset
sub-hash uses camelCased data attribute names specifying the attribute value.The design for specifying classes facilitates easily adding and removing classes by simply specifying and modifying boolean-valued properties.
Input elements maintain their values in properties such as input.value
, which are not upwardable and cannot be. Changes to such values are reported via DOM events such as change
. To allow these values to interact with the upwardable system, we provide the sets()
method on the HTMLElement
prototype which specifies the name of an upwardable value to keep in sync with the element's value. The bindings are two-way. In other words, setting the upwardable value will set the element's value, and changes in the element's alue will be reflected in the upwardable value. This behavior applies to text inputs, text areas, checkboxes, ranges, radio buttons, etc.
This is the only place in the Upward system where there is anything reminiscent of the "bindings" seen in other systems.
Merely for convenience, Upward exports P
, H[1-6]
, B
, I
, LI
, LABEL
, A
, and BUTTON
to create the corresponding type of DOM element. Their implementation may be found in 'src/Upw/Tag'
. Most take string arguments. A
takes a second argument for href
. BUTTON
takes a second argument for click handler. These routines are offered against our better judgment as sugar to save a few keystrokes. Among other defects, they provide no way to specify ID or class, as would be possible with E('p#id.class')
.
We often want to create strings which include variable values, for instance for use in text nodes. Of course we can do this using an upwardable function, such as str =C(count => count + ' items')
and then invoke it as str(model.count)
. However, this becomes cumbersome for more complex strings involving more values. We take advantage of the ES6 template string capability to make this dead easy, using the F
template string tag:
F`${model.count} items`
We can now create a DOM text node displaying the auto-updated string by simply saying
T(F`${model.count} items`)
Upward does not claim to be an application framework. It is an application layer. The organization of application data, application logic, and application display is fundamentally up to the individual developer. However, Upward does offer a minimal MVC framework which is mainly a set of concepts and principles and bits of sugar. For details, see Mvc.md
.
In the Upward MVC model, a "view" has no special meaning. It is not a special class with a special render
method invoked at special times by some special superstructure. Any function which returns a DOM element can be considered a view. A "model" also does not have any special meaning. Any upwardable object can be considered a model. A "controller" also has no special meaning. Any object providing methods can be considered a controller.
However, to make it easier to follow an MVC approach, and to promote MVC practices, Upward offers a minimal set of APIs to make MVC more convenient. The primary interface is makeView
, which can be imported from 'src/Upw/Mvc'
, and takes a view function and a controller function (a function which creates a controller), returning a function which can be invoked with a model to create a view.
Because upwardable properties are promise-aware, the models used in Upward's mini-MVC implementation can also be promises, and everything will work as expected:
makeMyAppView = makeView(myAppView, myAppController);
app = U({ model: getRemoteData() });
view = makeMyAppView(app.model);
document.body.appendChild(view);
Upward has a religious aversion to non-JS pseudo-languages which pollute the stack, require special preprocessing, and separate logically connected parts of the application. Prime examples include templating languages and CSS languages with underpowered logical constructs and odd syntaxes. For CSS, Upward offers JS-based ways to specify application styles, with the UpStyle
API which is the default export from 'src/Upw/Css'
. This interface simply takes an array of CSS rules, such as
UpStyle([
["body", {
fontFamily : 'sans-serif',
backgroundColor: theme.bodyBackgroundColor
}]
]);
which are fully upward-aware, so that theme.bodyBackgroundColor = 'gray';
will automatically rewrite the corresponding rule. Of course, this is normal approach to styling, which to simply apply classes and styles directly to elements via E(tagname) . is({ })
.
The UpStyle
API also accepts a second argument, specifying a DOM element to which the rules are scoped, even if the browser does not support scoped styles.
The Upward design philosophy frowns on excessive convenience routines. They result in an obese API footprint. But although not an integral part of the library, Upward does provide upwardable implementations of commonly used constructs, including the following:
'src/Upw/Cnt'
: UpCount
, a function which automaticaly counts up every so many milliseconds'src/Upw/Fns'
:
equals
, to compare two valuesnot
, to invert an valuelog
, to log a valueExisting test runners such as Jasmine are not well-suited for writing tests for Upward itself or applications which use Upward. For one thing, they don't necessarily play well with Traceur/ES6, at least not without special black-box adapters. More importantly, Upward is so aynchronous in nature, and most test runners require special gyrations to deal with this. Therefore, Upward has its own test runner. The 'Tst'
module exports two functions for this purpose, test
and testGroup
.
test
runs one test specified as a functiontestGroup
runs a group of tests.The results may be displayed in the console using "reporters", either
consoleReporter
, displaying the results on the console, orhtmlReporter
, which uses Upward itself in dog-food fashion to display results on the HTML pageAlthough any assertion library may be used, we prefer assert
, and that is what is used for Upward's own tests.


Type something:
The button below will prove to you that the above heading does not contain HTML text (click it):
If you inspect the element, you'll notice that there is still no text except in the shadow-root.
These buttons query select *
in the shadow root and set the color. Because the header is in a shadow root, only it is affected.
The element you modified is not in the atrocious font above because its CSS is scoped (this page's global CSS is ignored).
Try this button and notice that it will not select the element in the shadow root but rather the document (change the text in the input field then click this button):
This button tries to select the element from document
, which is not in the shadow root.
Type something epic that ends with "shadows..."
Click the button to change only the div's text (not modifying the shadow root), which will be used by the shadow root. The shadow root makes use of a content tag.
Notice this h1 isn't styled with an atrocious font either because its style is scoped.
This is the number of total clicks you have clicked since this page loaded:
This is the number of clicks in a shadow root you have clicked:
Can you figure out which shadow root is listening for clicks? By the way, both query selectors are again using *
but discriminate because shadow roots.


{% extends "competency/base.html" %} {% block main_content %}
{{ competency.overview }}
Your grade: {{ current_user.grade }}
{{ behaviour.ineffective }}


2.6. Executing Presto on Spark
Presto on Spark makes it possible to leverage Spark as an execution framework for Presto queries. This is useful for queries that we want to run on thousands of nodes, requires 10s or 100s of terabytes of memory, and consume many CPU years.
Spark provides several values adds like resource isolation, fine grained resource management, and Spark’s scalable materialized exchange mechanism.
Steps
Download the Presto Spark package tarball, presto-spark-package-0.243.tar.gz and the Presto Spark laucher, presto-spark-launcher-0.243.jar. Keep both the files at, say, example directory. We assume here a two node Spark cluster with four cores each, thus giving us eight total cores.
The following is an example config.properties
:
task.concurrency=4
task.max-worker-threads=4
task.writer-count=4
The details about properties are available at Properties Reference.
Note that task.concurrency
, task.writer-count
and
task.max-worker-threads
are set to 4 each, since we have four cores per executor
and want to synchronize with the relevant Spark submit arguments below.
These values should be adjusted to keep all executor cores busy and
synchronize with spark-submit parameters.
To execute Presto on Spark, first start your Spark cluster, which we will assume have the URL spark://spark-master:7077. Keep your time consuming query in a file called, say, query.sql. Run spark-submit command from the example directory created earlier:
/spark/bin/spark-submit \ --master spark://spark-master:7077 \ --executor-cores 4 \ --conf spark.task.cpus=4 \ --class com.facebook.presto.spark.launcher.PrestoSparkLauncher \ presto-spark-launcher-0.243.jar \ --package presto-spark-package-0.243.tar.gz \ --config /presto/etc/config.properties \ --catalogs /presto/etc/catalogs \ --catalog hive \ --schema default \ --file query.sql
The details about configuring catalogs are at Catalog Properties. In
Spark submit arguments, note the values of executor-cores (number of cores per
executor in Spark) and spark.task.cpus (number of cores to allocate to each task
in Spark). These are also equal to the number of cores (4 in this case) and are
same as some of the config.properties
settings discussed above. This is to ensure that
a single Presto on Spark task is run in a single Spark executor (This limitation may be
temporary and is introduced to avoid duplicating broadcasted hash tables for every
task).


Lauren & Samantha
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Memorize the following order.
Class.forName("oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver");
The string in parentheses indicates the start class of the Oracle JDBC driver. If you extracted the ojdbc6.jar file, you can see the OracleDriver.class in the oracle.jdbc.driver package. The forName() method is a static method of Class. Class is not a class that belongs to JDBC. Class is a class for getting information about a class. The forName() method allows the class loader to load the class corresponding to the string input as an argument into memory space. In fact, there is a return value for the forName() method, but it is not needed in JDBC programming. When this method is executed, if the class loader references the class path and does not find the corresponding class, it will get a ClassNotFoundException. In conclusion, the above code is responsible for loading the oracle.jdbc.driver.OracleDriver class into memory. The loaded OracleDriver class registers itself with java.sql.DriverManager. After that, when you call getConnection() of DriverManager and put the promised value as argument value, the connection implementation created by Oracle will be returned.
conn = DriverManager.getConnection("jdbc:oracle:thin:@<IP_ADDRESS>:1521:XE", "scott", "tiger");
The JDBC API is mostly an interface. The DriverManager is the only class in our example. The role of the DriverManager class, as the name implies, manages the driver that database vendors have implemented Sun's JDBC API. The DriverManager's getConnection() method returns a Connection object implemented by a specific database vendor according to the value entered as an argument. Obtaining a Connection object means that it is connected to the database.
// Getting a Statement stmt = conn.createStatement(); // Execute SQL rs = stmt.executeQuery(query);
Since the Java program is connected to the database, you now need the code to pass the SQL statement to the DBMS. To pass an SQL statement to a database, you must use either a Statement implementation or a PreparedStatement implementation. A Statement implementation or a PreparedStatement implementation is created through the Connection implementation. If the SQL statement is a select statement, use the executeQuery() method of the Statement object. If the SQL statement is an insert, update, or delete statement, use the executeUpdate method.
while (rs.next()) { String empno = rs.getString(1); String ename = rs.getString(2); ... ..
If the SQL statement is a select statement, you need an object to store the returned records. It is the ResultSet that acts as a container for the records. Consider a collection that is only used by JDBC to store table-like data. The returned ResultSet object has a cursor whose first position is before the first record. Therefore, the next() method must be executed to point to the first record. When the next() method is executed, it moves the cursor down one level and returns true if there is a record at the cursor point.
Returning resources in JDBC programming is really important. The garbage collector works when the object is no longer in use. However, the garbage collector does not retrieve objects that are considered to be running. Objects related to JDBC belong to these objects. Therefore, in JDBC programming, you must write code that returns an object when the program is finished. To do this, you implement a resource return code fragment in a finally block. The finally block is a block that is executed whether or not an exception occurs. The following code should be implemented in a finally block.
// Close the ResultSet. rs.close(); // Close the Statement. stmt.close(); // Close the Connection. conn.close();
The resource return order is returned in the reverse order of the generated order.


Vince Lee
Full Stack Web Developer
About Me
Having grown up in a household of web developers, web design has always been a part of my life, if only at times as side projects here and there. Even while pursuing a degree in chemistry, I was additionally trained in graphic design, Python, and computational chemistry.
Of course, as luck would have it, I ended up working for a web-based cloud biotech company, Emerald Cloud Labs, where development skills were once again at the forefront.
So, why fight the inevitable? I'm now pursing a career in web and software development.


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The Frist Native Amreican
In the early years of 1000D.A the Sunset crater erupted before the earliest Native American (I don't know the name of the tribe). These people build their house in a cave or under a cliff. Because they do not put a roof on the house. They use a top part of the cave/cliff as a roof of the building. These building are usually near a water source or man-made watering hole. But most of the water come from the rain coming off the mountain's wall.
In the 1400 AD these people move away for unknown reason. But the house are still here under the caves/cliffs until this day.
Arizona's history
Arizona was the a territory of the Spain this where they found 20 different tribes in Arizona like the Navajo, Hopi, and all of the Apaches, etc. The Mexican-American war was a war of the land that Americans wanted to claim the Mexican's land. After the Mexican lost the war the Americans relocated the Native American in reservation all around the state.
But before the tell were relocated, all of the Navajos have to walk to Fort Summers and they called it the 'long walk'. the fort was locate 300 miles away at Bosque Redondo. In 1865 the Navajos agreed to put in a reservation, so the army's let some of them to sign a documents. But they did not sign this documents, instead they use a finger print as a signature. The other tribes may have been move and relocated to the reservation.


You are allowed to do anything you wish with Polipo as long as you don't deny my right to be recognised as its author and you don't blame me if anything goes wrong.
More formally, Polipo is distributed under the following terms:
Copyright © 2003–2006 by Juliusz ChroboczekThe last sentence is what happens when you allow lawyers to have it their way with a language.Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.


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