ORIGINAL ARTICLES
Orphans and vulnerable children affected by HIV/AIDS in Brazil: where do we stand and where are we heading?
Ivan França-JuniorI; Marlene DoringII; Isete Maria StellaIII
IDepartamento
de Saúde Materno-Infantil. Faculdade de Saúde Pública.
Universidade de São Paulo. São Paulo, SP, Brasil
IIInstituto
de Ciências Biológicas. Universidade de Passo Fundo. Passo Fundo,
RS, Brasil
IIIVigilância
Epidemiológica. Secretaria Municipal de Saúde. Porto Alegre, RS,
Brasil
ABSTRACT
This study aimed at identifying human rights' status and situation, as expressed in the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS, of children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS, non-orphans and orphans affected by AIDS, based on local and international literature review. The main study findings did not allow to accurately estimating those children and adolescents living with HIV and non-orphans affected by HIV/AIDS but data was available on those living with AIDS and orphans. The limitations and possibilities of these estimates obtained from surveillance systems, mathematical models and surveys are discussed. Though studies in literature are still quite scarce, there is indication of compromise of several rights such as health, education, housing, nutrition, nondiscrimination, and physical and mental integrity. Brazil still needs to advance to meet further needs of those orphaned and vulnerable children. Its response so far has been limited to providing health care to those children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS, preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission and financing the implementation and maintenance of support homes (shelters according to Child and Adolescent Bill of Rights) for those infected and affected by HIV/AIDS, either orphans or not. These actions are not enough to ensure a supportive environment for children and adolescents orphaned, infected or affected by HIV/AIDS. It is proposed ways for Brazil to develop and improve databases to respond to these challenges.
Keywords: HIV. Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. Child. Adolescent. Child advocacy. Human rights. United Nations. Vulnerability and health. Orphanages.
INTRODUCTION
The AIDS epidemic has an impact on the quality of life of children and adolescents who can suffer successive losses and be deprived of their parents, occasionally of their relatives, and of their own health. AIDS orphans have increased risk of malnutrition when compared to those children living with their parents, and they can be stigmatized and discriminated because of their or their parents' HIV status, among other unfavorable events.6,7,11,14,15,1
As for June 2005, 371,827 AIDS cases have been reported in Brazil according to the National Program for STD/AIDS. AIDS cases and deaths still constitute serious social and health urgency as, since the beginning of the epidemic, about one in every two affected people (46.2%) died.4 A household survey conducted in Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, found in the population studied that, of every 10 people who died between 1998 and 2002, 8.8 were orphans.2
A study carried out in the cities of São Paulo and Santos among adolescents living with HIV/AIDS, some of them AIDS orphans, reported that, because of fear of stigma and discrimination, they put off knowing their HIV status and disclosing it to other people. These factors have an impact on their access to healthcare and on other spheres of their emotional, sexual, social, and educational lives, increasing their isolation and vulnerability to AIDS and violating other human rights1 as well. Other studies in the city of São Paulo showed AIDS orphans, especially those living with HIV, have to live with several restrictions of their rights to health, education, nutrition, privacy, sexuality, and reproduction.1 These all constitute violations of the rights established by Article 92 of the Child and Adolescent Bill of Rights.3
The United Nations has issued, in 2001, during the United Nations General Assembly Special Session on HIV/AIDS (UNGASS), a Declaration of Commitment on HIV/AIDS defining targets and indicators for implementing national programs and establishing systematic evaluation and monitoring of HIV/AIDS epidemic.2,3 The UNGASS Declaration includes a special section on children and adolescents orphaned and those vulnerable by HIV/AIDS. Brazil has endorsed the UNGASS Declaration that same year.
Global human rights documents need to be examined as to whom are the subjects of rights they are referring to. Based on the definition of these subjects there will be drawn a set of rights and obligations for their relationship with the State and other social actors. It is understood that the UNGASS Declaration referred to any child and adolescent aged between zero and 18 years, in the terms of the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child,4 who has been affected, directly or indirectly through their parents or caretakers, by the epidemic at any of its stages: infection, disease, or death. According to UNGASS terminology, children and adolescents were grouped as: (1) those living with HIV/AIDS (infected or diseased), orphaned or not; (2) affected non-orphans (those living with and relying on adults, parents or caretakers infected by HIV or having AIDS disease); and (3) affected orphans (those who lost a parent affected by AIDS), infected or not.
The UNGASS Declaration defines several building blocks of a supportive environment for children and adolescents (Table 1).
The present study had the purpose of describing the magnitude and status, as expressed in the UNGASS Declaration, of several human rights of children and adolescents living with HIV/AIDS, affected non-orphans and AIDS orphans in Brazil based on local and international literature review.
METHODOLOGICAL PROCEEDINGS
Data was obtained from MEDLINE and Scholar Google databases. Although searches were not conducted for specific time periods, publications starting from 1980, in any language, were included in the study. Other texts, abstracts and articles from sources other than these databases were included based on the authors' expertise.
From studies estimating the size of these populations, it was sought to concisely reconstruct their methods and results to assess their feasibility and limitations. In regard to rights, studies identifying human rights established in the 1988 Brazilian Constitution and the Child and Adolescent Bill of Rights (ECA),3 related to paragraphs 65 and 66 of UNGASS Declaration (Table 2), were examined.
RIGHTS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS LIVING WITH HIV
How many are there in Brazil living with HIV, affected non-orphans, and orphans by AIDS? And what is their human rights status?
These are the questions still need to be answered.
For those living with HIV/AIDS, data is available on AIDS cases but not on HIV-infected individuals.
The latest issue of the National Program for STD/AIDS Bulletin reported that, in the period 19802005, 10,404 AIDS cases were notified in children under five, 3,905 cases in those aged five to 12 years, and 8,075 in those aged 13 to 19 years.4 Since the disease peaked in 1997 (926 cases) and 1998 (943 cases), there has been fewer case reports of children under five. However, a growing number of cases of children (5-12 years) and adolescents (13-19 years) have been reported since 2002. Incidence rates show similar trends to those of absolute cases. The reduction of cases in children under five is mostly due to advances in prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission12 while declining absolute cases can be explained by more children and adolescents surviving HIV/AIDS as a result of universal free access to antiretroviral therapy.12
Qualitative studies have brought to light accounts of adolescents living with AIDS and caretakers on their troublesome condition regarding their rights to health, education, and physical and mental integrity, all included in the UNGASS Declaration and documented by Ayres et al1 (2006). The right to nutrition has been denied to some orphans infected and affected by AIDS. Their realities are pervaded by stigma and discrimination.
As for those affected non-orphans, there is a single study conducted by the Global Orphan Project/Instituto Promundo, supported by the United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF).5 A mathematical model was applied at three different stages of risk (children living with AIDS mothers, children living with HIV mothers and AIDS orphans). The following variables were used for AIDS mothers: number of women living with AIDS, number of children of mothers living with AIDS and adjusted to AIDS infant and child mortality. As of August 1997, there were 57,600 children of mothers living with AIDS.
At the second stage of the model, the following variables were used for women living with HIV: number of women living with HIV, estimated number of asymptomatic women living with HIV, number of children of asymptomatic mothers living with HIV and adjusted to overall infant and child AIDS mortality. A total of 136,650 children of HIV-infected mothers5 were estimated.
Although this model included several correction factors, such as delays in case reporting and underreporting, there are limitations in the study. The potential biases are attributable to the fact that this study was carried out before antiretroviral therapy was available when little was known on the reproductive life of those women infected. The two major limitations were that those women deceased were not subtracted from the study population and the use of fecundity rates similar to the general female population. Both biases would imply in overestimation of the number of children affected by their mothers' HIV status and clinical condition.
There were not found studies considering the rights of affected non-orphans.
RIGHTS OF CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS ORPHANED BY AIDS
In regard to AIDS orphans in Brazil, there are available three estimates based on mathematical models and a household survey carried out in a state capital.
To evaluate the impacts of orphanhood, a first study was developed by Global Orphan Project/Instituto Promundo.5 The variables used to estimate the number of orphans were number of women who died from AIDS and number of children born to mothers who died from AIDS adjusted to infant and child AIDS mortality. It was estimated 15,900 children under 15 of mothers who died from AIDS as of August 1997. It was also predicted there would be 27,000 orphans by the year 20024. While Fontes et al5 (1998) corrected death underreporting in their study modeling, potential overestimation occurred because fecundity rates were assumed to be similar to the general female population.9
Two years later, Szwarcwald et al16 (2000), also using a mathematical model, estimated that 30,000 Brazilian children under 15 would have been orphaned by their mothers dying from AIDS in the period 1987 to 1999. Their model was based on multiplying the accumulated fecundity rate for the study period by the number of deaths from AIDS among women aged 15 to 49 years, corrected by the likelihood of child survival between five and nine years of age. This study estimated that, in 1999, 5,500 children would have been orphaned by their mothers dying from AIDS.
There are two potential biases in this model: use of uncorrected fecundity rates of general female population and use of expected perinatal mortality of 90% of HIV-infected children. This expected mortality was already declining as a result of universal access to antiretrovirals since 1996. It should be noted that these factors take effect in opposite directions but key factors for estimating the number of orphans are the number of women who died and their fecundity rates.8 Thus potential overestimation was likely in this model.
The third model studied was developed by the Jointed United Nations Programme on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS), UNICEF and the United States Agency for International Development (USAID).5 On the first edition of Children on the Brink (2002), 127,000 AIDS orphans were estimated in Brazil in 2001, where 34,000 would be maternal and 100,000 paternal orphans. This estimate is slightly higher than those previously projected. A more complex model was used including the following variables: estimated AIDS mortality based on the North Princeton mortality charts, fecundity rates adjusted to less than 20% of the original rates for female population and the likelihood of those HIV-infected children surviving up to 15 years of age.8
This model has also potential biases. The number of deaths was obtained from an estimate assuming a median survival time of nine years (8.6 years for men and 9.4 for women) after clinically diagnosing AIDS. In Brazil, the estimate of 9-year survival seems to be very short. It is well documented the dissociation between AIDS prevalence and mortality rates attributed to a government program of universal free access to medical care.10 The number of orphans declines as women survival increases so their children are able to live beyond 15 years of age.
Another potential bias is the estimate of fecundity rates lower than 20% in local epidemics. Actual fecundity rates of Brazilian women living with HIV/AIDS are unknown. Grassly et al8 (2004) state that 50% decrease in fecundity rates would dramatically reduce the estimated number of orphans. These factors suggest an overestimated number of orphans. At last, adjusting child mortality in a scenario of free access to AIDS therapy should be reviewed because it points out to the opposite direction showing an increased number of orphans living with AIDS.13
In fact, on the second edition of Children on the Brink (2004), UNAIDS, UNICEF and USAID stated there would be no estimates of AIDS orphans in Brazil, among others.5 They first alleged that these would be low prevalence epidemics and a significant number of cases would come from groups such as intravenous drug users and men having sex with men with unknown fecundity rates, resulting in a low accuracy model.
While these estimates have been obtained using different methodology at different time periods, they seem to be consistent ranging from 30,000 (1999),16 34,000 (2001)6 to 27,000 (2002)5 maternal orphans.
All indications are that to know the number of orphans in Brazil hereafter estimates should be based on more updated and refined mathematical models including data on adult and child mortality and fecundity rates or actual population counts through surveys. Surveys are explicitly recommended in the UNGASS report on indicators.3
Doring et al2 (2005) conducted the first population-based survey on AIDS orphanhood in the city of Porto Alegre, Southern Brazil, and were able to locate the address of 80% of all deceased (n=1,616) between 1998 and 2001. Of 1,294 people found, 43.4% (n=562) were survived by 1,131 children under 15 years. For every group of 10 deceased found in the study there were about 8.8 orphans.
Population-based surveys in Brazil based on mortality data have major limitations: differential underreporting of AIDS deaths; great geographical mobility, especially of poor families affected by AIDS deaths; and difficulty in localizing children sheltered in institutions or living on the streets.
By extrapolating Doring et al2 (2005) findings, 42,876 deaths reported in Brazil between 1998 and 2001 would have resulted in 37,474 children orphaned by AIDS, about 50% (18,846) of them maternal orphans. This extrapolation should be carefully considered since different Brazilian regions have distinctive demographic characteristics and HIV/AIDS epidemic profile.
With regard to human rights, Doring et al2 (2005) have interestingly found relatively low institutionalization rate of orphans (5%) (in opposition to the rights to shelter and family life) in Porto Alegre. But the associated factors identified (HIV-infected 4.6 x; maternal loss 5.9 x; or both 3.7 x; child born to a non-white mother 4 x) show persisting stigma and discrimination associated to HIV status, gender, and race.
Marques et al7 (2004) evaluated income transfer programs and general aid to those living with HIV/AIDS and their orphans in three Brazilian municipalities. They identified isolated initiatives for improving life conditions of those at risk or vulnerable, especially those below the line of poverty, that could be extended to those living with HIV/AIDS. But they would need to be adjusted to this population and they lie far from reaching all those affected. Income can be either a facilitating or hindering factor of access to rights such as education, shelter, and nutrition.
FINAL CONSIDERATIONS
As mentioned before, studies in the literature on children and adolescents infected and affected by HIV/AIDS disease or death are still scarce and studies on human rights are even rarer. Global consensus as expressed in the UNGASS allow investigators to focus their research in collaboration with local and international scientific communities and consistent with potential public programs.
There is thus a need to develop initiatives that will help to build up in the coming years a monitoring system of children and adolescents infected and affected by HIV/AIDS epidemic.
Hence it would be valuable to adjust and/or create information systems to provide data on those infected and affected (orphaned or not) by the epidemic and their social condition. Information confidentiality should be further reassured since AIDS deaths are a sensitive issue and could give rise to violations of rights such as privacy and dignity among others.
With respect to adjusting, epidemiological reporting forms and death certificates, which are filled out in health services, could be redesigned to include other information fields such as number, age, and degree of kinship of children and adolescents related to the index-case (who is either infected, diseased or died). This will require convincing health information system managers on the usefulness of monitoring those affected (orphaned or not) by the epidemic.
Within the National Program for STD/AIDS, orphanhood-related concerns could be included in standard studies on draftees and sexual behavior.8 Ethical concerns should be reinforced in these initiatives.
Additionally, it could be suggested to the Brazilian Institute of Statistics and Geography (IBGE) the inclusion of specific information fields to identify deaths occurring at home (name, date of birth, date and cause of death) and any related children and adolescents (number, age, and degree of kinship with the deceased, covering the previous 12 months). IBGE census, population counts and surveys, such as the National Household Sample Survey (PNAD), can all be potential sources of information on orphanhood magnitude and profile. This will definitely require even more exhaustive discussions and technical definitions. Another proposal is to draw on school census but being careful for not exposing school children and adolescents orphaned by AIDS to further stigma and discrimination.
As for creating new sources of information, the Ministry of Health, via National Program for STD/AIDS, could reasonably implement a compulsory reporting system of HIV infection, which can provide data to assess the magnitude of HIV infection among children and adolescents. This new system could also provide information on any children and adolescents related to HIV-infected adults (number, age, and degree of kinship with those living with HIV). This has been considered a controversial proposal in collective health. The United States has adopted a confidential name-based HIV infection reporting system since 1994, and valuable lessons can be learned from the American experience.9
Civil registries, where death certificates are registered, are another potential source of information on orphanhood since surviving children are inventoried for testamentary purposes. Regretfully this information has not been much used as these registries are hardly accessible in Brazil due to scattered notary offices controlled by judiciary authorities. These obstacles can be overcome unless other social actors, such as judges, notaries, among others, would be involved.
Creating new or adjusting existing information sources could offer data on the magnitude of children and adolescents affected, directly or indirectly, by HIV/AIDS infection, disease or death in Brazil. However, there is a need of further information to evaluate whether specific targets, as listed in Table 2, are being achieved or not. For that, periodical population-based surveys to thoroughly measure life conditions and human rights status of those infected and affected would be paramount. These initiatives could develop by the Brazilian Ministry of Health in collaboration with research support agencies.
With respect to the paucity of data on human rights of those children orphaned or affected by HIV, the Brazilian government recognizes the limited outreach of public policies on this matter. The answer given by the Brazilian government in a 2002 report in reply to the UNGASS proposed question, "Are there any programs or strategies targeting the additional needs of those orphaned and other vulnerable children?" corroborates this finding: "Support homes for those children affected by HIV/AIDS; availability of milk formula to those children exposed to mother-to-child HIV transmission; intervention programs targeting children living on the streets and imprisoned adolescents".10
In conclusion, despite its limitations, the present study indicates the need for creating mechanisms for more properly assessing the magnitude of children orphaned or affected by HIV/AIDS epidemic and relevant conditions for their adequate care. On the other hand, it should be noted an existing concern for promoting, protecting, and respecting human rights although actions taken to control the impact of the epidemic on children and adolescents are to date limited.
The agenda on human rights proposed by UNGASS for creating a supportive environment is extensive (Table 2). Overall, the literature review made possible to document the existing wide gap. The required programs and strategies to actually exercise the concerned rights and monitor their status have not been implemented yet. There is still more to know and much to do in Brazil.
REFERENCES


From: Mr. Frank Williams. Gulf Bank Nig,plc. Head Office,Plot 1212, tijian bello Street, Victoria Island.P.M.B 0090, Lagos .www.gulfbank.com Attn: Sir, I know that you must have recieved the first letter I sent to you by post, but if you have not, here comes a follow-upto the letter. First I must seek for your understanding and pray that God will give you the wisdom to understand my problem and be in a position to help as you will be surely blessed as you help. I am Mr. Frank Williams,I am 41 Years old and also the chief accountant with Gulf Bank Nig PLC . I have a transaction which I think will be of mutual benefit to both of us. In my desire for a foreign partner with whom to do this transaction, I stumbled on your contact from a business directory. As the head of accounts department of GBNP, I discovered some amount of money while I was auditing accounts for the 2003 financial year which has been lying there for over 3 years. On further inquiry, I discovered that this money totalling about USD$21.5 Million (twenty-one Million five hundred thousand United States Dollars) including accumulated interest belonged to one MR Michael Osterkamp ,a Germany Nationale who lived here and died intestate with no beneficiary.This man died through a plane crash of ADC airlines in 1998. I have Successfully secured the money and with the assistance of my colleague,the money has been moved out of my bank and deposited in a finances company. It was packed in three(2)metal trunk boxes as photographic materials.I would need your particulars to enable me prepare documents which will authenticate that the Consignment belongs to you as the next of kin to MR Michael Osterkamp and to enable you claim the money. I want to be assured of a safe account where the money will be deposited pending my arrival.This transaction is absolutely risk free with no illegal complications,I have made all necessary arrangements for a successful transaction.  There is need for you to respond to this offer immediately as the government of my country have concluded plans to apply the money into arms procurement to project wars and unrest in African continent.I must let you know that a high degree of trust is required and also we will like to use our own share to go into any lucrative business with your help/assistance. Awaiting your urgent response now. Yours Faithfully Mr. Frank Williams. _______________________________________________________________________________________________________ Obtén gratis tu cuenta de correo en StarMedia Email. ¡Regístrate hoy mismo!. http://www.starmedia.com/email


--- title: Marketing Technology is huge date: '2015-06-19T19:00:27+05:30' tags: - ml - business tumblr_url: https://sureshshanmugam.com/post/121918414752/marketing-technology-is-huge ---
Supporting this growth has been approximately $22 billion of investment in this sector to date. With marketing overall being a $1 trillion industry, in the throes of being reinvented in every way possible, it’s likely that both of those numbers will rise even more.
Follow my blog for more - Analytics & Marketing


THE RED CORNER A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 1997 Steve Rhodes
RATING (0 TO ****): * 1/2
"You will be shot in a week, and the cost of the bullet will be billed to your family," warns the attorney for the defense. In the kangaroo courts in THE RED CORNER people are summarily shot unless they confess their guilt quickly and beg for leniency.
Jack Moore, played all too coolly by Richard Gere, is an American entertainment broker who is in the People's Republic of China to negotiate a huge television deal with the Chinese government. After a beautiful young woman in a nightclub invites him to bed, he is awakened the next morning by a phalanx of troops. With blood all over him, he is arrested for the death of his one-night-stand, who turns out to be the daughter of an influential general.
As his court-appointed lawyer, Yuelin acts initially like a dogmatic party bureaucrat. Bai Ling plays Yuelin as a cross between Hercule Poirot, Joan of Arc, and Patrick Henry. Although at first she insists on pleading her client guilty even if he refuses, she changes his plea to not guilty and begins pulling one rabbit after another out of the hat as she unearths clues.
All of this sounds better than it is. The script by Robert King (CUTTHROAT ISLAND and SPEECHLESS) and Ron Koslow (LAST DANCE) is unable to create any credible supporting cast. Other than the two leads, almost all of the Chinese are sinisterly evil and the Americans incompetently duplicitous. The script parades so many minor characters past us that we need a scorecard to keep them straight. All are drawn in caricature, and none have any depth. (One hint to the befuddled viewer. The merely bad Chinese wear military uniforms, but the most nefarious are those Chinese in expensive Western suits.)
Jon Avnet's direction does not alleviate any of the confusion created by the jumble of the narrative. Watching the film is rather like trying to make out what two characters are doing as they weave their way through a blizzard. The story seems intent on making strong political statements, exactly what they mean is less clear. It would appear that the film stands foursquare against brutality, but most of the subtext remains murky. This much is clear: Jack was framed by powerful forces, and his eminent demise is merely a piece of some cabal's larger plans.
If the characters were more genuine or the story more plausible, one could more easily be moved by Jack's mental and physical torture. The scenes are stagy even if the settings are genuine. And the movie keeps testing how far we are willing to go in suspending disbelief. My favorite improbability occurs when the police state gives Jack a day off from the trial so he can go to his attorney's house to plan his defense. They end up going all over town, albeit with guards, to track down the clues. Oh, and did I mention that Jack first asks his attorney to demonstrate her skill as a musician? One minute Jack is worried about his execution, and the next he is much more concerned with the well being of his attorney.
Still, Gere is Gere, an actor who manages to rise above the material. The movie's makeup department, however, does him a disservice. Even after being beaten to a pulp the night before, he shows up at his attorney's house looking impeccable, as if he had just received a cut from the best hairstylist in Hollywood. Sometimes, one can look too handsome.
Eventually, this Kafkaesque tale draws to its inevitable close, with one more clue materializing and miraculously making all the difference. On the whole, watching an old Perry Mason rerun on television would have been more satisfying.
THE RED CORNER runs 1:53. It is rated R for some violence and profanity. The film would be fine for teenagers.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Projects
Below are some of the projects I have created, or co-created, in reverse-chronological order. Click on a project to learn more about it.
Autonomous Search and Rescue Robot
Tracking Covid-19 in Waterloo Reigon
Telemetry Dashboard for F1
OpenCV lane detection pipeline
Vue.js - Hackathon Web App
Linear Algebra Solver Robot
Grade 12 Final Project - PCB
Grade 12 project, with Low-pass filter
Grade 11 3D printed Project
Grade 10 IR Remote Control Project
Grade 10 Platformer Game
Grade 10 Robotics Club
Grade 9 Robotics Club


gsettings-data-convert - GConf to GSettings data migration
gsettings-data-convert [option...]
gsettings-data-convert reads values out of the users GConf database and stores them in GSettings.
The information about the mapping from GConf keys to GSettings keys is taken from files in /usr/share/GConf/gsettings. Each file in that directory is read as a key file, with sections for each GSettings schema that is being converted. The entries in each section map GSettings keys to paths in the GConf database. Currently, gsettings-data-convert supports all basic GConf types as well as lists of strings and lists of integers.
A simple example might look like this:
[org.gnome.fonts] antialiasing = /desktop/gnome/font_rendering/antialiasing dpi = /desktop/gnome/font_rendering/dpi hinting = /desktop/gnome/font_rendering/hinting rgba_order = /desktop/gnome/font_rendering/rgba_order
If the GSettings schema does not have a fixed path, you must specify the path in the group name, separated by a colon character:
[org.gnome.fonts:/desktop/gnome/font-rendering/]
gsettings-data-convert keeps a list of the key files it has already converted, so it is safe to run it repeatedly to handle newly appeared key files. The expected use of this utility is to make each application install a key file for the GConf keys that it wants to be migrated, and run gsettings-data-convert every time a user logs in.
-h, --help
Print help and exit
--dry-run
Do not make any changes, just report what would be done
--verbose
Show verbose messages
gsettings-schema-convert(1) is a related command that helps with the conversion of schemas from GConf to GSettings.


Preparing for the Exam
Table of Contents
1 About This Sprint
This sprint describes what you can do to prepare yourself for the exam.
2 User Stories covered in this Sprint
- As a student I want to pass the exam so that I can get the course credits and get on with my life.
- As a teacher I want the students to be able to study for the exam so they have a good chance of passing it.
3 Introduction
For historical reasons the exams in this course have been divided into two parts; one theoretical with true/false statements, and one practical where you do a design for a smaller system to show that you know how each of the design diagrams work. For historical reasons, the exams have also been in english. I am going to break with some of those traditions.
The Exams will be in Swedish, and will consist of Multiple Choice Questions.
Some generic tips for studying to the exam include:
- Use Your Sprint Test Plan and your Course Backlog. In each of the previous sprints in this course, you have worked on your Sprint Test Plan. This should now contain a fair amount of terms in the glossary. This is a good starting point for your revising. Do you recoginise the terms and know the differences between them? Do you know the notation for each diagram and term, and how to use it?
- Reflect on your Assignments. What did you do in the assignments? How did you use the diagrams? What worked, and what didn’t work? Were there any misunderstanding on your behalf that was pointed out to you?
- Look at old exams. Since I have changed plenty of things in the exam format this will not be a 100% preparation for the current exam, but it will help you to identify (some) important aspects to study further. You should also bear in mind that I have not created all of the old exams, which also introduces a certain discrepancy in format and style. For your benefit, I have made available a selection of old exams below. You can also ask the student reception for old exams.
- Read the course book. This may seem like very basic advice, but the course book does offer plenty of good advice on how to reason about object oriented design, in addition to thoroughly going through the UML notation. I tend to make sure that I don’t ask for things in an exam that cannot be figured out from the course book, since this should (imho) be the least common denominator in a course.
- Use the LITMUS Test Technically, this is part of a research study performed by Prof. Harald Störrle, but it works pretty well as a study help too. Run the Test and use it to identify areas where you need to study more.
3.1 Common Mistakes
When marking exams previous years I have seen some common mistakes. Below, I express concrete advice that should help you to get it right. At the very least, please use this list as a reminder to test your own understanding. If you are unsure, go back and revise the relevant parts of the course. I will add to this list as I see more things.
- Use Cases have actions in their names. A use case typically has a name that includes an action. For example, “Pay money”, “Book ticket”, “Reserve flight”. If you just use the noun (“money”, “ticket”, “flight”), there is no way of knowing what an actor is supposed to do in the use case. The nouns are good names for your concepts in your domain model, though.
- Don’t use composition or aggregation unless you are absolutely sure. First off, when you make the domain model there is no such thing as a composition or an aggregation; these are strictly hints for how to implement the system and thus only appear in your class diagram. Second, most relations between classes can be modelled as plain associations. The composition or aggregations may look cool because it’s got a fancy little diamond in one end, but if you are even wondering whether a relation should be an association or a composition, then it is a “simple” association.
- Put the symbols at the right end of the relation. In composition/aggregation this means that the diamond is on the owner side. For inheritance the triangle is on the parent side. To illustrate:
Car o- Engine note right: A car consists of an Engine.
Media <|- DVD note right: A DVD is a type of Media.
- Put the method in the called class. Consider the interaction diagram below. Where would you put the
Start()
method? What I have seen in many exams is that there is a tendency to put it into theCar
class. But think about it for a while. It isc:Car
who is initiating the method call, and it wants thee:Engine
to start. If you put theStart()
method inCar
, thenEngine
has no way of knowing that it has been called. Expressing it in a different way,Start()
is an operation we wish to perform on thee:Engine
, and therefore it must be offered by theEngine
class.
"c:Car" -> "e:Engine" : Start()
- A Class is a description of an Object. An Object is a concrete instance of a Class. Think of a class as a blueprint that tells the compiler that “When you create objects of this type, this is how much memory to allocate, and these are the methods that can be called”. An object is then a “physical” representation of a class description in memory. Once a system is running it has no clear representation of the class anymore – just the objects1. The borders between what a class is and what an object is is often muddled in dynamically typed languages such as JavaScript, so if your background is in such languages it is worth thinking twice about it.
- Dynamic diagrams deal in objects. Related to this is that when you look at the dynamic diagrams they tend to work with objects (and not classes). Consider, for example, sequence diagrams. In these diagrams it is specific instances of classes (i.e., objects) that have specific values on all their attributes, and these specific instances collaborate (with the help of method calls) to solve one particular scenario of execution. Remember that we may have instances without names
:Car
as well as named instances that are assigned to a variable,myCar:Car
. Also note that this does not imply that the second example knows that it is namedmyCar
, this is just the name of the varible that is pointing to an object of the typeCar
.
4 Learning Material
4.1 Old Exams
A small selection of old exams (For the course PA1415. The other courses are normally a 90-95% subset of this exam). The following were done before my involvement in the course (but I did provide the example solution for the January 2016 exam):
More recent exams made while I was involved in the course:
Computer Based Exams:
Keep in mind that the solutions are proposals, to give you an idea of how to thing when answering the questions. There are many other ways of solving the same problem, and there are many ways to make the solution proposals better.
4.2 Dictionary
Since the exam will be in swedish a translation of common terms are presented below. Sometimes the english term will be used also in swedish, for reasons of simplicity and clarity.
Note: These are my translations that does not necessarily correspond to any official standard. If you see anything that is obviously wrong, or if you have a better list, please contact me.
The terms are roughly organised into different groups below. This does not mean that the term is only valid in that group!
4.2.1 Development Methodology / Utvecklingsmetodik
| Engelska | Min Svenska | Kanske Riktig Svenska |
|---|---|---|
| Requirements Engineering | Kravhantering | |
| Requirement | Krav | |
| Analysis | Analys | |
| Design | Design | |
| Implementation | Implementation | |
| Testing | Testning | |
| Test Case | Testfall | |
| Development Phase | Utvecklingsfas | |
| Phase | Fas | |
| Backlog | Backlog | Att-göra-lista |
| Waterfall Model | Vattenfallsmodellen | |
| Iterative Development | Iterativ utveckling | |
| Incremental Development | Inkrementell utveckling | |
| SCRUM | SCRUM | Skärmytsling |
4.2.2 Use Cases
| Engelska | Min Svenska | Kanske Riktig Svenska |
|---|---|---|
| Use Case | Use Case | Användningsfall |
| Expanded Use Case | Expanded Use Case | Utökat Användningsfall |
| Expanderat Use Case | ||
| Use Case Diagram | Use Case-Diagram | |
| Actor | Aktör |
4.2.3 Interaction Diagrams / Interaktionsdiagram
| Engelska | Min Svenska | Kanske Riktig Svenska |
|---|---|---|
| Interaction Diagram | Interaktionsdiagram | |
| Communication Diagram | Kommunikationsdiagram | |
| Sequence Diagram | Sekvensdiagram | |
| System Sequence Diagram | Systemsekvensdiagram | |
| Class | Klass | |
| Object | Objekt | |
| Type | Typ | |
| Event | Händelse |
4.2.4 Class Diagrams / Klassdiagram
| Engelska | Min Svenska | Kanske Riktig Svenska | Kommentar |
|---|---|---|---|
| Domain Model | Domänmodell | ||
| Conceptual Model | Konceptuell Modell | (Samma som Domain Model) | |
| Concept | Koncept | ||
| Class Diagram | Klassdiagram | ||
| Attribute | Attribut | Medlemsvariabel | |
| Method | Metod | ||
| Message | Meddelande | Metodanrop | |
| Association | Association | ||
| Aggregate | Aggregat | ||
| Composition | Komposition | ||
| Association Attribute | Associationsattribut | ||
| Multiplicity | Multiplicitet | Kardinalitet | |
| Base Class | Basklass | ||
| Inheritance | Arv | ||
| Inheritance Hierarchy | Arvshierarki |
4.2.5 GRASP Patterns and Design Patterns
GRASP Patterns och Design Patterns are not translated; the english names are used.
5 Sprint Acceptance Tests
You are done with this sprint when:
- You feel well prepared for the exam.


|
CSV Handler
Java .csv file operation utility Github repository  ||   Documentation |
What is this?
This utility is a package of frequently performed operations on .csv files.How to use this?
- Import this package in your program
- Initiate with the file of your concern
- Call the method of your purpose from your program


Guard Plink:
The harbor, directions to! To go to the harbor, go straight in the direction I am looking.
For passage on a boat, see
Clancy, the Wharf Manager
. You can buy your tickets from him.
Ask about the Harbor Manager


Try out our Premium Member services: Virtual Legal Assistant, Query Alert Service and an ad-free experience. Free for one month and pay only if you like it.
IN THE HIGH COURT OF PUNJAB & HARYANA AT CHANDIGARH CWP No. 12266 of 2009 Date of Decision: 13.08.2009 M/s Essen Forge Private Limited. ..Petitioner Versus Punjab Pollution Control Board and others. ..Respondents CORAM: HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE T.S.THAKUR,CHIEF JUSTICE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE KANWALJIT SINGH AHLUWALIA Present : Mr. A.K.Jain, Advocate for the petitioner *****
T.S.Thakur, C.J. (Oral) Pursuant to an order passed by this Court in Civil Writ Petition No. 2796 of 2007 dated 04.10.2008, the Punjab Pollution Control Board appears to have initiated action against among others the forging Units established by the petitioner-company on Gill Road opposite P.S.E.B. Office, Ludhiana.
The petitioner's grievance now is that without passing any formal order in the said proceedings, the Board Authorities are bent upon closing the petitioner's unit thereby depriving the petitioner- company of the opportunity to challenge the validity of the order in appropriate proceedings and also carry on its normal business activities.
Mr. Patwalia, learned counsel appearing for the Punjab Pollution Control Board submits that according to his instructions, a CWP No. 12266 of 2009 [2] formal order on the subject has already been passed by the Chairman of the Board about which a statement was made even in the contempt proceedings initiated by Shri Sher Singh (petitioner) in Civil Writ Petition No. 2796 of 2007. He urged that the order in question may have been already served upon the petitioner-company but in case the same has not been served, an additional copy of the order would be served upon the petitioner-company within next two days.
Learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the petitioner-company may be given reasonable time to challenge the validity of the order in appropriate proceedings before the appropriate Forum and the petitioner-company may be protected against the implementation of the directions issued by the Board in the meantime to prevent any miscarriage of justice.
In the circumstances, therefore, and keeping in view the limited prayer that has been urged before us, we dispose of this writ petition with the following directions:-
i) The respondent-Board shall serve the formal order passed under the provisions of the Air (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 upon the petitioner- company within one week from today. In case the order has already been served according to the record of the respondent-Board, an additional copy of the same shall be served upon the company within next two days.
ii) In case, the order passed by the respondent-Board has not already been implemented and the Hammer, which is said to be a source of the noise pollution, not already CWP No. 12266 of 2009 [3] sealed as pointed out by Mr. Patwalia, the sealing of the said Hammer and other noise polluting activities in the unit shall remain stayed but only for a limited period of three weeks' from today.
Petition is disposed off with the above observations. No costs.
A copy of the order shall be given dasti to Mr. D.S.Patwalia, for compliance under the signature of the Bench Secretary.
(T.S.THAKUR) CHIEF JUSTICE (KANWALJIT SINGH AHLUWALIA) JUDGE 13.08.2009 'ravinder'


My life in summary
I was born July 22nd, 1989, in Anchorage Alask to Bill in Tina Hammer. I spent my early year living in Cordova, a small fishing village south of Anchorage, in the middle of the Copper River Delta. I attended the only school in town, where I developed an interst in computers and technology, but mostly for personal use. My interests mainly included acting and singing, both of which i participated in through our school, and our local theater group, The Stage of the Tide. I helped my father on his commercial fishing boat in Prince William Sound, and eventually came with him to Bristol Bay. At 16, I was certified through American Red Cross as a lifeguard, and was hired on at the Bob Korn Memorial Swimming Pool. At the age of 18, I began running his fishing operation in Bristol Bay alone, only taking two deckhands to help. My summers were spent fishing, and I worked at the pool during the winter.
After graduating, I moved to Fairbanks to attend the University of Alaska. I took several acting courses there and realized I was not interested in pursuing acting as a career.
After 8 years of living in Fairbanks while fishing in the summer, I decided I was unhappy with my life. Commercial fishing is an increadibly demanding job, and the stresson both my mind and body had begun to show, despite my young age. Income was an issue as well. I had gotten married and wanted to start a family, but could not count on a steady flow of income. Some seasons were great, and I could easily make equal to most yearly saleries in the span of two months. However a failed fishing season could leave you walking away from your boat in debt.
I returned to Cordova and took on the position of Pool Manager at our cities pool, where I had worked in high school. The pay was good, I had great benifits, and many of my coworkers were friends. As time went on however, the postion became a source of stress in my life. Our town ran out of money after a poor fishing season, and chose to heavily cut funding from our Parks and Recreation department. Many of the changes that took place were seen as a failure to properly manage the pool on my part, and made life in a small difficult for me.
Wanting to make a change, I began exploring new fields of work. Matt Jones, a friend of mine in the tech industry, suggested taking a coding bootcapm course. Matt had grown up with me in Cordova, and had also gone to college in Fairbanks. I trusted his advice and began searching for a program that would fit well with what i needed. Together Matt and I found a program called Epicodus. It offered an exciting coding program and required no prior experience.
On a Tuesday afternoon I applied from my phone out of curiosity. I recieved a responce almost immediatly and scheduled an interview with an Epicodus representitive. I was accepted into the program and began making plans to move from Alaska to Washington, despite not having much of an idea what I was getting myself into. With the full support of my wife, family, and friends I moved to Seattle the day before our first day of instruction. Having never taken public transportation in my life, I somehow found my way downtown to the Epicodus office, and began my new life.
Although I began my career in coding, I am still actively interested in many other fields.
I have worked in several different fields, but the majority of my experience comes from two major postions I have held.


The following instructions assume you have a working version of TinyOS installed on your machine. If you do not, either follow the official instructions on the TinyOS website, or view the instructions here.
Download the tarball of Agilla's source code from here. Alternatively, you can grab an older version of Agilla via the TinyOS 1.x CVS repository.
Extract the files using the commands below. By default, the files go under $TOSROOT. On a Windows XP/Cygwin system, $TOSROOT is by default /opt/tinyos-1.x. On a Linux or OSX machine, $TOSROOT is wherever you have installed TinyOS 1.x.
mv Agilla*.tar.gz $TOSROOT cd $TOSROOT tar zxvf Agilla*.tar.gz
Once you have extracted the tarball, Agilla's source code will be located in the following directory:
There are three subdirectories within Agilla's main directory:
Create a file called "Makefile.Agilla" that contains local settings in $TOSROOT/contrib/wustl/agilla/nesc. To do this, you can simply copy the example file that comes with Agilla.
See $TOSROOT/contrib/wustl/agilla/nesc/README for details on how to customize this file.
Compile and install Agilla onto every mote including the one that is attached to the programming board. Be sure that every mote has a unique TinyOS address.
The actual command may differ slightly between Windows XP and Linux/OSX platforms, mostly because of the different ways serial ports are named. The following example commands assume a Windows XP environment.
Here's a command that will install Agilla on a TelosB mote on COM5 with TinyOS address 0:
Here's a command that will install Agilla on a Mica2 mote on COM1 with TinyOS address 1:
The AgentInjector is a Java application that enables users to inject mobile agents into an Agilla WSN. It is located in $TOSROOT/contrib/wustl/tools/java/. The main class is edu.wustl.mobilab.agilla.AgentInjector. In order to compile the AgentInjector, $TOSROOT/contrib/wustl/tools/java must be in the classpath. View the classpath using the following command:
If it is not in the classpath, add it:
Once the classpath is set, create a file called "Makefile.Agilla" within $TOSROOT/tools/java/edu/wustl/mobilab/agilla using the following command:
This file defines the MIG variable, which specifies what type of target environment the AgentInjector is connecting to. The default content of this file contains:
If the AgentInjector is to connect to a real WSN, leave the default content as it is. If it is going to be used with TOSSIM, uncomment the first line and comment out the second line.
Once you have configured Makefile.Agilla, compile the AgentInjector:
This will generate all of Agilla's messages and compile the AgentInjector.
Create a file called "agilla.properties" within $TOSROOT/contrib/wustl/tools/java/ that contains local settings for the AgentInjector:
Step 7: Adding RMI Support
This step is only required if you plan on remotely injecting agents using Java RMI. To enable the RMI feature, create a file called "java.policy" in $TOSROOT/tools/java with the following text:
grant { permission java.net.SocketPermission "*:1024-65535","accept,connect,listen,resolve"; permission java.io.FilePermission "<<ALL FILES>>","read,write,execute"; permission java.util.PropertyPermission "user.dir","read,write"; };
You are now ready to inject mobile agents into the WSN! See lesson 2 of the tutorial on how to inject a mobile agent into the WSN.
A Makelocal file is used by TinyOS to record settings that are specific to the local platform. Here are instructions on how to install a Makelocal file.
There are several environment variables that will make using Agilla easier. They are not required, but provide shortcuts when performing common tasks. In a Windows XP/Cygwin environment, the following commands may be included in a file called "washu.sh" located within /etc/profile.d/. In a Linux or OSX environment, they can be included in ~/.bash_profile or ~/.bashrc depending on your specific shell.
export WUBASE=$TOSROOT/contrib/wustl alias cdwu="cd $WUBASE" alias cdwuj="cd $WUBASE/tools/java" alias cdwua="cd $WUBASE/apps" alias runsf_pc="java net.tinyos.sf.SerialForwarder -comm tossim-serial &" alias runsf_com1="java net.tinyos.sf.SerialForwarder -comm serial@COM1:mica2 &"
export AGILLA=$WUBASE/apps/Agilla alias cda="cd $AGILLA" alias cdaa="cd $WUBASE/apps/AgillaAgents" alias cdaj="cd $WUBASE/tools/java/edu/wustl/mobilab/agilla"
In order for Mica2 and MicaZ motes to communicate with Cricket motes, you need to change their UART ports to operate at 115.2kbps (the default is 57.6kbps). To change this, open $TOSROOT/tos/platforms/<platform>/HPLUART0M.nc and change outp(15, UBRR0L); to outp(7, UBRR0L);.
For Windows users, I recommend using TextPad to edit NesC and Mobile Agent files. Here are the color-syntax configurations for NesC and Agilla Agent files. Install them in <Program Files>\TextPad 4\system.
* NesC
* Mobile Agent
If you are using Linux, I recommend gEdit. Here are the syntax files. Install them in /usr/share/gtksourceview-1.0/language-specs/
* NesC
* Mobile Agent
This page was last Updated on April 7, 2008 5:12 PM .


Package org.apache.qpid.protonj2.types.transport
-
Interface Summary Interface Description AmqpError List ofSymbol
constants that provide the defined AMQP Error space.AMQPHeader.HeaderHandler<E> ConnectionError DeliveryState Describes the state of a delivery at a link end-point.LinkError Performative Marker interface for AMQP PerformativesPerformative.PerformativeHandler<E> SessionError -
Class Summary Class Description AMQPHeader Represents the AMQP protocol handshake packet that is sent during the initial exchange with a remote peer.Attach Begin Close Defines an AMQP Close performative used to end AMQP Connection instances.Detach Disposition End ErrorCondition Flow Open Transfer -
Enum Summary Enum Description DeliveryState.DeliveryStateType An enumeration of the validDeliveryState
types that the library can provide.Performative.PerformativeType ReceiverSettleMode Role SenderSettleMode


$("#complexConfirm").confirm({
title:"Delete confirmation",
text:"This is very dangerous, you shouldn't do it! Are you really really sure?",
confirm: function(button) {
alert("You just confirmed.");
},
cancel: function(button) {
alert("You aborted the operation.");
},
confirmButton: "Yes I am",
cancelButton: "No"
});
Confirmation dialog customized with "data-" attributes:
<button class="btn btn-primary" id="dataConfirm"
data-title="Hello there!" data-confirm-button="Yes I am">
Click me
</button>


This document describes how to build and install Open vSwitch on a Citrix XenServer host. If you want to install Open vSwitch on a generic Linux or BSD host, see the installation guide instead.
Open vSwitch should work with XenServer 5.6.100 and later. However, Open vSwitch requires Python 2.7 or later, so using Open vSwitch with XenServer 6.5 or earlier requires installing Python 2.7.
You may build from an Open vSwitch distribution tarball or from an Open vSwitch Git tree. The recommended build environment to build RPMs for Citrix XenServer is the DDK VM available from Citrix.
If you are building from an Open vSwitch Git tree, then you will need to first create a distribution tarball by running:
$ ./boot.sh $ ./configure $ make dist
You cannot run this in the DDK VM, because it lacks tools that are necessary to bootstrap the Open vSwitch distribution. Instead, you must run this on a machine that has the tools listed in the installation guide <INSTALL.rst>`__ as prerequisites for building from a Git tree.
Copy the distribution tarball into /usr/src/redhat/SOURCES inside the DDK VM.
In the DDK VM, unpack the distribution tarball into a temporary directory and "cd" into the root of the distribution tarball.
To build Open vSwitch userspace, run:
$ rpmbuild -bb xenserver/openvswitch-xen.spec
This produces three RPMs in /usr/src/redhat/RPMS/i386:
The above command automatically runs the Open vSwitch unit tests. To disable the unit tests, run:
$ rpmbuild -bb --without check xenserver/openvswitch-xen.spec
openvswitch-xen.spec needs to know a number of pieces of information about the XenServer kernel. Usually, it can figure these out for itself, but if it does not do it correctly then you can specify them yourself as parameters to the build. Thus, the final rpmbuild step above can be elaborated as:
$ VERSION=<Open vSwitch version> $ KERNEL_NAME=<Xen Kernel name> $ KERNEL_VERSION=<Xen Kernel version> $ KERNEL_FLAVOR=<Xen Kernel flavor(suffix)> $ rpmbuild \ -D "openvswitch_version $VERSION" \ -D "kernel_name $KERNEL_NAME" \ -D "kernel_version $KERNEL_VERSION" \ -D "kernel_flavor $KERNEL_FLAVOR" \ -bb xenserver/openvswitch-xen.spec
where:
is the output of:
$ rpm -q --queryformat "%{Version}-%{Release}" <kernel-devel-package>,
e.g. <IP_ADDRESS>-0.7.1.xs<IP_ADDRESS>3.170596, where <kernel-devel-package> is the name of the -devel package corresponding to <Xen Kernel name>.
For XenServer 6.5 or above, the kernel version naming no longer contains KERNEL_FLAVOR. In fact, only providing the uname -r output is enough. So, the final rpmbuild step changes to:
$ KERNEL_UNAME=<`uname -r` output> $ rpmbuild \ -D "kenel_uname $KERNEL_UNAME" \ -bb xenserver/openvswitch-xen.spec
To install Open vSwitch on a XenServer host, or to upgrade to a newer version, copy the openvswitch and openvswitch-modules-xen RPMs to that host with scp, then install them with rpm -U, e.g.:
$ scp openvswitch-$VERSION-1.i386.rpm \ openvswitch-modules-xen-$XEN_KERNEL_VERSION-$VERSION-1.i386.rpm \ root@<host>: # Enter <host>'s root password. $ ssh root@<host> # Enter <host>'s root password again. $ rpm -U openvswitch-$VERSION-1.i386.rpm \ openvswitch-modules-xen-$XEN_KERNEL_VERSION-$VERSION-1.i386.rpm
To uninstall Open vSwitch from a XenServer host, remove the packages:
$ ssh root@<host> # Enter <host>'s root password again. $ rpm -e openvswitch openvswitch-modules-xen-$XEN_KERNEL_VERSION
After installing or uninstalling Open vSwitch, the XenServer should be rebooted as soon as possible.
When Open vSwitch is installed on XenServer, its startup script /etc/init.d/openvswitch runs early in boot. It does roughly the following:
At this point in the boot process, then, there are no Open vSwitch bridges, even though all of the Open vSwitch daemons are running. Later on in boot, /etc/init.d/management-interface (part of XenServer, not Open vSwitch) creates the bridge for the XAPI management interface by invoking /opt/xensource/libexec/interface-reconfigure. Normally this program consults XAPI's database to obtain information about how to configure the bridge, but XAPI is not running yet(*) so it instead consults /var/xapi/network.dbcache, which is a cached copy of the most recent network configuration.
XAPI starts later on in the boot process. XAPI can then create other bridges on demand using /opt/xensource/libexec/interface-reconfigure. Now that XAPI is running, that program consults XAPI directly instead of reading the cache.
As part of its own startup, XAPI invokes the Open vSwitch XAPI plugin script /etc/xapi.d/openvswitch-cfg-update passing the update command. The plugin script does roughly the following:
Please report problems to bugs@openvswitch.org.


Enumerations
The following enumerations are available globally.
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum ContextSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum CoverageSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum EngineSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum EngineLangSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum EngineShapeSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum FontSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum FontFaceSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum FontFamilySignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum FontMapSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum FontsetSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum FontsetSimpleSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum LayoutSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol
-
Undocumented
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public enum RendererSignalName : String, SignalNameProtocol


First, before gluing, I used the vinyl printer to print a sticker of super mario to put on my board
7 layers of pre-cut wooden boards were glued together in a specific order
Before the glue dried up, I used vacuum forming to form the skateboard.
After placing the board on the mold, I taped them together to make sure
the skateboard stay in place
Then I placed it in a vacuum forming bag
Before closing the bag, I placed a mesh on the board in order to
make sure that the air in every corner comes out evenly.
I closed up the bag, and pumped the air out
This process took me a while because I was pumping out the air
without realizing the bag wasn't sealed completely.
After the skateboard was formed into the shape, the edges were all ugly, so I saned down the edges using different sanders.
After I sand, the edges were now all smooth.
For the surface, I used the surface sander and a block sander.
After all the sanding process, I wiped the board using wet paper towel to get rid of all the dusts
Then I placed the sticker on the bottom of the board and coated my board with the SPAR Urethane.
And this is my final product of my board.
Download and View My Project Here
Skateboard Vinyl Sticker
Skateboard Laser Cut


on what the Buddha taught
Aṅguttara Nikāya
Dukanipātapāḷi
Paṭhamapaṇṇāsakaṃ
AN2.20
'These two principles, almsmen, lead to obscurity, disappearance, of a good principle. Which two? And ill-arranged way of wording and ill-inferred meaning. For ill-arranged, almsmen, way of wording, meaning also is ill-inferred. Now these two principles, almsmen, lead to obscurity, disappearance, of a good principle.
Now these two principles, almsmen, lead to non-obscurity, non-disappearance, of a good principle. Which two? And well-arranged way of wording and well-inferred meaning. For well-arranged, almsmen, way of wording, meaning also is well-inferred. Now these, two principles, almsmen, lead to non-obscurity, non-disappearance, of a good principle.'


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: OpenSolaris 2008.11 & NFS (security?) author: display_name: iguy login: iguy email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: '' author_login: iguy author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>wordpress_id: 101 wordpress_url: http://itsjustanotherlayer.com/?p=101 date: !binary |- MjAwOS0wMi0wNCAwMzo1NDo1NSAtMDYwMA== date_gmt: !binary |- MjAwOS0wMi0wNCAwMzo1NDo1NSAtMDYwMA== categories: - OpenSolaris - VMware tags: - nfs - OpenSolaris comments: - id: 28 author: Kristian Vilmann author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: http://www.atea.dk date: !binary |- MjAwOS0wNC0wMyAxOToyMDoyMCAtMDUwMA== date_gmt: !binary |- MjAwOS0wNC0wMyAxOToyMDoyMCAtMDUwMA== content: Adding the ESX-server to /etc/hosts just might do the trick if it isn't in DNS. ---
A quick note here after the past 4 hours of fighting with NFS on OpenSolaris 2008.11. If you are attempting to do an mount and get a Permission Denied from either Linux or ESX the solution is rather easy.
Make sure that the IP address that you are connecting with has a reverse DNS entry with a hostname.
That's it. 4 hours and that's the gotcha. If you don't have a reverse DNS you'll never get the mount to work.


The only musician I take inspiration from is R-Kelly – Akwaboah
by Nana YawSarkcess Music signee, Gladstorm Kwabena Akwaboah Jnr has revealed that the only he looks up to is American R and B singer, songwriter, R Kelly.
According to Akwaboah, he takes inspiration from R Kelly due to his singing prowess and the ability to play 8 musical instruments.
Speaking in an interview with YFM, the songwriter revealed that he also plays 4 musical instruments and is still learning to play more so he can become like his mentor.
R Kelly is undoubtedly talented, and he’s written some great songs too. Akwaboah is also a good songwriter and his breakthrough came when he wrote one of Becca’s hit songs, ‘Daa Ke Daa’. Since then, he has written songs for many musicians and this passion has driven him to become a good singer as well.
Watch the interview below:


When it comes to hosting a web site, you have a couple of options. You could rent space on a web server from a hosting company. You could run your own servers. Or if you need to be able to quickly spin up/down servers in response to changing traffic, you could use a cloud provider.
In the .Net world, the best known cloud provider is probably Windows Azure. However, it is far from the only one.
Amazon Web Services (AWS) is a cloud provider, similar to Azure. Launched in 2006, it has a 4 year head start on Azure. As of late 2014, it had 1.4 Million servers in data centres in the US, Europe, Asia and Australia. So it's very big.
AWS offers over 40 services, from virtual machines and load balancers, to very large scale data warehouses. It's well documented and .Net receives first class support, making it a worthy alternative to Windows Azure.
In this series of articles, we'll take a web site with a SQL Server database, and host it on AWS.
To make it interesting, here are some goals:
Here is what it will look like:
We'll do the blue bit (the web servers and the load balancer) in this article. The DNS name servers (for your own domain name) and the database will be covered in subsequent articles.
Seeing that this article shows how to deploy a web site to AWS, if you want to follow along you'll need some web site to deploy.
If you have a web site project lying around, you can use that. MVC and WebForms are both fine.
Otherwise feel free to get my trial site SimpleSite from Github. This site does not use a database.
Make sure that all references pointing to outside your web application have Copy Local set to True. This way, they'll wind up in the application source bundle that you'll create in a moment to deploy your site to AWS. Otherwise, your site will simply crash when it starts up due to missing assemblies.
This goes in particular for NuGet packages, because these normally sit in a packages directory that sits outside your project directory. Framework dlls should be fine, because the AWS EC2 web server will have the .Net framework installed.
If you do not have an AWS account yet, create a free account.
Note that although Amazon calls this a "free" account, you may still incur some charges - if you go over usage limits, or if you use services that are not included in the free tier. For example, in this article we'll create a load balancer, which costs some tiny amount to run.
Here are the pages with pricing info for the services that we'll use in this article, as of March 2015. You'll probably find that just playing around with these services won't cost you more than a coffee:
| Pricing Page | Service is used for |
|---|---|
| EC2 t2.micro instances | Virtual machines running web servers |
| Elastic Load Balancing | Load balancer |
| Auto Scaling | Spinning up/down web servers in response to traffic load |
| Elastic Beanstalk | Deployment configuration |
AWS has data centers spread all over the world. They are divided into regions, such as "US East (N. Virginia)" and "EU (Ireland)".
After you've logged into the AWS Console, select the region that you're in or close to (top right hand corner of the page).
Note that automatic failover for SQL Server databases is currently only available in the US East (N. Virginia), US West (Oregon), and EU (Ireland) AWS regions. If automatic failover is important to you, than set one of these regions.
Once you have your EC2 web servers created, you will be able to log into them - using RDP, as with any other Windows Server machine. However, to keep your login password secure, AWS uses a key pair - the public key is used to encrypt the password, the private key is used to decrypt it. Only you have the private key.
The deployment system that we're going to set up will log into your web servers to deploy your website, so it will need your key pair. That means that now is a good time to create your key pair:
Note that a key pair is only valid in the region where it was created. So when you create EC2 web servers in another region, you'll need to create another key pair for that region to be able to log into the servers in that region. It's easiest to stick with one region.
In order to deploy your web application to AWS, you have to package it into an application source bundle.
I have found that Amazon's instructions didn't give me an application source bundle that would actually work on AWS.
However, you can simply run msbuild to create a valid application source bundle for you, using these command line instructions:
cd /D "<directory with your .csproj file>" msbuild <your project>.csproj /t:Package /p:Configuration=Release /p:PackageLocation=. /p:AutoParameterizationWebConfigConnectionStrings=False
This produces a .zip file in the current directory. That .zip file is your application source bundle.
Your web site will be hosted on EC2 virtual machines. These live in an auto scaling group, which spins up/down machines in response to events, such as a machine going down or machines getting overloaded. The load balancer receives requests from browsers and spreads the load to the available servers.
A very easy way to spin up all this infrastructure to host your site is through the Elastic Beanstalk service.  You also give it the code making up your web application. Once that's done, it creates all the web servers, etc. you specified and deploys your application.
A specification is called a "Elastic Beanstalk application". You can have multiple Elastic Beanstalk applications - which may be useful for example if you have multiple web sites.
When it comes time to deploy a new version of your application, you select the Elastic Beanstalk and tell it to deploy your new version.
Because it stores each version, you can quickly get a list of versions that have gone before, and revert to a previous version if your new version doesn't work out. This puts it in the same space as for example Octopus Deploy.
Here we're deploying a web site, so click Create web server.
Later on, you'll see how to deploy new versions of your application to an existing environment. The Deployment Limits section shows how Elastic Beanstalk avoids downtime during a deployment by deploying to a few web servers at a time, while the others keep serving requests. Click Next.
Each environment (test site, live site, etc.) obviously has its own URL. Here you get to specify a sub domain of the elasticbeanstalk.com domain. Later on, you'll see how to associate your own domain with your site.
| Field | Description |
|---|---|
| Instance type | The default here is t1.micro, but this type is of a previous generation. Note that t2.micro is included in the AWS Free Tier, so you may want to select that instead. |
| EC2 key pair | Select the key pair that you created earlier on. |
| Application health check URL |
The load balancer keeps track of the health of your web servers, so it can replace web servers
that are no longer healthy. It does this by regularly sending requests to each web server.
If it gets a normal HTTP 200 response, it assumes the web server is healthy.
Here you specify the relative URL that the load balancer should request. Make this a page that doesn't take a lot of resources to generate, but that still gives a fair indication of whether the server is functioning well. If you're using my trial site, you could use the home page. In that case, you'd enter the URL "/" (without the quotes). |
| Cross zone load balancing | Cross zone load balancing is a feature that allows the load balancer to correctly balance the load across servers in multiple data centers, giving you higher availability for your web site. Leave this checked. |
| Root volume size | Leave the default, or make 30 GiB or higher - in spite of the 8 GiB minimum stated by Amazon. Otherwise you will get error messages later on when you try to actually create the environment. |
This will take you to the Elastic Beanstalk dashboard for your environment, where you can see it spinning up.
Once it is green, click the Url of your new environment (right next to the header with your environment name) to see your web site appear. If it goes red, there is probably something wrong with your deployed site. It is often useful then to RDP into the web server and open http://localsite with Internet Explorer.
Now to RDP into your server: click your web server | Connect button.
Click the Instances tab to see all web servers behind the load balancer. Right now, that would be your one web server.
Under the Details tab, you will find the minimum number of servers for the group. If the number of healthy servers falls below that minimum due to server(s) going down, new server(s) will be spun up automatically to achieve the minimum.
To deploy a new version of your web site, first create a new application source bundle. Then click Upload and Deploy on the Elastic Beanstalk dashboard.
To get basic stats about your web site, on the Elastic Beanstalk dashboard, click Monitoring.
You can change the metrics on the dashboard via the Edit buttons.
Once you're done with the servers, you will want to take them down to save money.
Note that one way of doing this would be by terminating the environment from the Actions drop down on the Elastic Beanstalk dashboard. However, this deletes your entire environment, so next time you want to spin up the servers, you have to go through the wizard again to specify the environment.
The only way to take down your web servers is one by one: Services | EC2 | Instances | click your server | Actions | Instance State | Stop.
To take down your load balancer: Load Balancers (left hand menu) | click load balancer | Actions | Delete.
Once all this is done, your Elastic Beanstalk application shows red.
To get your application operational again: Services | Elastic Beanstalk | click the environment | Actions | Rebuild Environment
In subsequent parts, you'll see how to add a SQL Server database with automatic fail over. So if your database server goes missing, your application recovers automatically. You'll also see how to point your own domain to your AWS hosted web site.


'3 Black Chicks Review...'
Mission To Mars (2000) Rated PG; running time 113 minutes Genre: Science Fiction IMDB site: http://us.imdb.com/Details?0183523 Official site: http://movies.go.com/m2m/ Written by: Jim Thomas (based on a story by Lowell Cannon) Directed by: Brian De Palma Starring: Gary Sinise, Don Cheadle, Connie Nielsen, Tim Robbins, Jerry O'Connell, Kim Delaney
Review Copyright Rose Cooper, 2000 Review URL: http://www.3blackchicks.com/bamsmission.html
It was an odd coincidence that the first trailers for "Mission To Mars" came out right around the time when NASA's Mars Lunar module got lost in space. It was almost a joke (although at $165 million, not a very funny joke) at the time, that "Mission" had as much a chance to succeed as that failed space mission did. And though it took first place in its first weekend, a lot of reviewers said that, as a movie, it was a critical failure. What does Yours Truly say? Well, I reckon you'll have to read on to find out.
The Story (WARNING: **spoilers contained below**): Beginning in the year 2020, Mission Commander Luke Goddard (Don Cheadle) prepares, with the support of friends and fellow astronauts Woody Blake (Tim Robbins), Woody's wife, Dr. Terri Fisher (Connie Nielsen), scientist Phil Ohlmyer (Jerry O'Connell) and "stick jockey" Jim McConnell (Gary Sinise), for an historic mission: the first manned mission from Earth to Mars. But when a "mysterious force" causes a disaster on Mars, stranding Luke and possibly his team, his support team sets off from Earth on a rescue mission that puts them in as much risk as those they're attempting to bring back.
The Upshot: Two things I noticed right off the bat in "Mission":
-Except for two specific pieces of music (the opening Zydeco piece, and the Van Halen "dance" number), the background music was truly awful. Whoever came up with the bright idea to have Cheesy Organ Music throbbing in the background, should be taken out behind the woodshed and severely scolded - just before they're dropkicked right out of the movie business.
-If this movie is any indication, future space missions will be commercial-laden: "product placement" takes on a whole new meaning when your brand name is written in great big letters along the side of a rocketship.
Ok, actually, make that three things I noticed right off: the third being the genuine "closeness" I perceived between the characters. I know I said pretty much the same thing in my "What Planet Are You From?" review, but the feeling of real camaraderie struck me even harder here. Struck me so hard, in fact, it moved me to tears at one point (you'll know the point when you see the movie).
There have been real-world scientists, along with not a few laymen and movie critics, who've taken "Mission" to task for where it went wrong; but there have been just as many who've praised it for where the movie got the science, and the story, right. I fall squarely in the latter camp. I don't know from physics, or whether an orbit around Mars should be asynchronous or bsynchronous; but I do know a well-told, heartfelt story when I see one, and that's what I saw during the 113 minutes of "Mission". True, it had its flaws; it often got thick on the melodrama, and Kim Delaney (playing Jim's dead wife Maggie, via home movies) proved herself once again to be a fifth wheel in the presence of much greater actors. And did I mention that godawful music?
But I easily looked past its flaws and saw the essential human story it told. I found the tight-knit group of characters entirely believable, got a warm 'n fuzzy feeling from watching their interactions, and was simply blinded - in a good way - by the science of it all. The special effects were brilliant, but not so-much-so that they overwhelmed the story itself. And I still can't speak of the spacewalk scene without feeling a lump in my throat.
After his terrible miscalculation in "Reindeer Games", I was heartened to see Sinise bounce back so strongly here. Cheadle's performance was likewise strong [and you know I gotta feature him in the "Black Factor" below], O'Connell was humorous but not stupidly so, and though Nielsen suffered by comparison in her "alone" scenes, her chemistry with Robbins was right on the money; they made a great couple, and I'd love to see them act in something together again.
Will we Earthers really reach Mars by 2020? Well, we missed the "Space 1999" deadline already, and a lot of "futuristic" movies and TV series of the past will soon be shown to have been a little more optimistic of the advancement of the human race than we've proven ourselves to be capable of thus far. But the question for me is not so much "Will we get out there?", or even "Who else will we find when we do?" - but instead, "What will we do about each other *here*?"
The "Black Factor" [ObDisclaimer: We Are Not A Monolith]: "Mission Commander Luke Goddard, played by Don Cheadle". Man, do I love typing that. A powerful actor whose "quietness" almost - but not quite - masks his incredible acting abilities (c.f. "Devil In A Blue Dress"), he succeeded where Angela Bassett failed in the dreadful "Supernova" earlier this year: neither making his "Blackness" pronounced, nor putting it away in shame, Cheadle, through Luke, built on the legacy of a very few Black actors who've slowly chipped away at that old stereotype (began with "Logan's Run", I believe; correct me if I'm wrong) that the Black "race" won't survive in any meaningful way, into the future. Cheadle joins a chosen few in making space, on the Silver Screen, "safe" for Black Folk again.
Bammer's Bottom Line: While no "The Right Stuff", "Mission" had its heart in the right place. And the way I see it, "heart" is what propelled it well out of the lesser orbit of that other dramatic space flick of 2000...uh, y'all know the one I mean. I just can't bring myself to type the name of that most dreadful collection of frames of moving images running swiftly together which would normally be called "film" but could not by any stretch of the imagination be honoured with such a label, so soon after I've eaten.
"Mission To Mars" (rating: greenlight): This flick did what even the noteworthy "The Green Mile" couldn't do: it made me cry. And for all its flaws, that goes a long way towards proving its worth, in my book.
3 Black Chicks...Movie Reviews With Flava! /~\ Rose "Bams" Cooper /','\ 3BlackChicks Enterprises /','`'\ Copyright Rose Cooper, 2000 /',',','/`, EMAIL<EMAIL_ADDRESS>ICQ: 7760005 `~-._'c / http://www.3blackchicks.com/ `\ ( http://www.dealpilot.com/?partner=1987 /====\
The review above was posted to the
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Delhi Police arrest three persons with IEDs
The accused have been identified as Mukadir Islam, Ranjeet Ali and Jameel Luit, all in their early twenties
by PTIThe Delhi Police on Monday said a terror strike was averted after it apprehended three persons from Assam with Improvised Explosive Devices (IEDs).
Pramod Singh Kushwah, Deputy Commissioner of Police (Special Cell) said the accused have been identified as Mukadir Islam, Ranjeet Ali and Jameel Luit, all in their early twenties.
Further details are awaited.
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{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block page_title %} Your household {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include "../includes/phase_banner_alpha.html" %} Other people in your household Does anyone live with you over the age of 18? Yes No List all the people over the age of 18 who live with you. Person 1 First name Last name Date of birth DD MM YYYY Day Month Year Their relationship to you Do they get: wages How much do they get? £ How often do they get paid? a pension How much do they get? £ How often do they get it? any benefits How much do they get? £ How often do they get it? or They do not get any money from wages, a pension or any benefits Add another Person 2 First name Surname Date of birth DD MM YYYY Day Month Year What is their relationship to you? Do they get: wages How much do they get? £ How often do they get paid? a pension How much do they get? £ How often do they get it? any benefits How much do they get? £ How often do they get it? or They do not get any money from wages, a pension or any benefits Add another Person 3 First name Surname Date of birth DD MM YYYY Day Month Year What is their relationship to you? Do they get: wages How much do they get? £ How often do they get paid? a pension How much do they get? £ How often do they get it? any benefits How much do they get? £ How often do they get it? or They do not get any money from wages, a pension or any benefits Add another Person 4 First name Surname Date of birth DD MM YYYY Day Month Year What is their relationship to you? Do they get: wages How much do they get? £ How often do they get paid? a pension How much do they get? £ How often do they get it? any benefits How much do they get? £ How often do they get paid? or They do not get any money from wages, a pension or any benefits Add another {% include "../includes/help.html" %} {% endblock %} {% block body_end %} {% include "includes/scripts.html" %} {% endblock %}
List all the people over the age of 18 who live with you.
DD MM YYYY
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WITNESS LIST State Affairs Committee March 21, 2005 - 1:30P SB 215 FOR: Barker, Conni (De Pelchin Children's Center and the Behavioral Health Provider Network of the Houston area), Houston, TX Berthelsen, Spencer (Texas Medical Association), Houston, TX Gantt, Melanie (Mental Health Association in Texas), Austin, TX AGAINST: Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers), Austin, TX Springer, Stacy (Texas Small Business Alliance in Austin), Austin, TX ON: Bingham, Bill (Texas Department of Insurance), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Calvert, Raif (Texas Academy of Family Physicians), Austin, TX Calvert, Raif (Texas Academy of Internal Medicine), Austin, TX Lovelace, Joe (National Alliance for the Mentally Ill of Texas), Austin, TX Against: Green, Shelton (Texas Association of Business), Austin, TX Spiller, Lee (Citizens Commission on Human Rights), Austin, TX On: Pitts, Racheal (Txas Municipal League), Austin, TX Providing written testimony: On: Thyssen, Monica (Advocacy, Inc), Austin, TX SB 218 FOR: Banner, Bruce (Solomon Family), Austin, TX Cardozo, Carol (Self), Austin, TX Haisley, Lia (Solomon Family), Austin, TX Rhodes, Lisa (Elinor Mire), Austin, TX White, Connie (Self and Wayne White Family), Tomball, TX ON: Bingham, Bill (Texas Department of Insurance), Austin, TX Giralt, Sergio (MD Anderson Cancer Center), Houston, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Guayardo, Gracie (Leukemia and Lymphome Society), Austin, TX Kraft-Soniat, Linda (Self-Patient Advocate), Houston, TX Samuels, Marc (Texas Oncology Professional Association), Austin, TX Against: Green, Shelton (Texas Association of Business), Austin, TX Springer, Stacy (Texas Small Business Alliance in Austin), Austin, TX Providing written testimony: Against: Lachman, Barry MD (Texas Association of Health Plans and Parkland Community Health Plan), Dallas, TX On: Pitts, Rachael (Texas Municipal League), Austin, TX SB 481 FOR: Flournoy, Todd (Motion Picture Association of America, Inc.), Washington, DC Registering, but not testifying: For: Schwartz, A.R. (South Central National Association of Theater Owners), Austin, TX SB 506 FOR: McDonald, Bob (USAA), San Antonio, TX Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers), Austin, TX Taylor Krier, Cyndi (USAA), San Antonio, TX Wendell, Ware (Texas Watch), Austin, TX ON: Goodman, William (Texas Department of Insurance), Austin, TX Jackson, Larry (Texas Department of Insurance), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Sabo, Jason (United Ways of Texas), Austin, TX Weynand, John (USAA), San Antonio, TX SB 522 FOR: Torres, Frank Chairman of the Board of Trustees (Texas Statewide Emergency Services Pension System), Raymondville , TX ON: Deiters, Kevin (Fire Fighter Pension Commission), Austin, TX Fenlaw, Mark (Texas Emergency Services Retirement System), Austin, TX Ivie Miller, Lisa Commissioner (Office of the Fire Fighter's Pension Commissioner), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Choate, Oscar (Texas Statewide Emergency Services Personnel R.F.), Mineral Wells, TX Donaldson, Kyle (Texas Statewide Emergency Services Fund-Trustee), Sonora, TX Johnson, Helen Executive Director (State Firemen's and Fire Marshal's Association), Austin, TX Klesel, Rex (Texas Statewide Emergency Services Retirement Fund), Alvin, TX Scopel, Allen (Texas Statewide Emergency Services Retirement Fund), Rosenberg, TX SB 766 FOR: Counts, David (Self), Knox City, TX Glasgow, Bob (Grand Lodge of Texas), Smithville, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Holt, David (Scurry Lodge 706), Snyder, TX


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The quantitative measurement and detection of molecules in HPLC should be carried out by an accurate description of chromatographic peaks. In this package non-linear fitting using a modified Gaussian model with a parabolic variance (PVMG) has been implemented to obtain the retention time and height at the peak maximum. This package also includes the traditional Van Deemter approach and two alternatives approaches to characterize chromatographic column.
| Version: | 1.1.0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 2.10.1), ggplot2, minpack.lm, pracma, ptw |
| Published: | 2017-04-21 |
| Author: | Manuel David Peris Diaz, Maria Isabel Alcoriza Balaguer |
| Maintainer: | Manuel David Peris Diaz <madape at alumni.uv.es> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | RpeakChrom results |
| Reference manual: | RpeakChrom.pdf |
| Package source: | RpeakChrom_1.1.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: RpeakChrom_1.1.0.zip, r-release: RpeakChrom_1.1.0.zip, r-oldrel: RpeakChrom_1.1.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: RpeakChrom_1.1.0.tgz, r-oldrel: RpeakChrom_1.1.0.tgz |
| Old sources: | RpeakChrom archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=RpeakChrom to link to this page.


Gambler
Appearances: FF6, FF8, FF10, FFX-2, FF11
Aliases: Lady Luck, Corsair
These characters and jobs are based on games of chance, such as slots, cards, and dice. They can do great damage, little damage, heal, or even kill everyone in the party, all on a random whim.
Similar Job Classes: Dark Knight
Expand All Images | Collapse All Images
| FF6 |
| |
| NAME: Setzer Gabbiani |
| OVERVIEW: Setzer weapons are only usable by him and consist of Darts, Cards, Dice, etc. The Coin Toss accessory changes the "Slots" command to "GP Rain", a Samurai ability. |
| WEAPONS: Gambling tools, Knives |
ABILTITES/MAGIC:
Slot:
7-Flush - Instantly dispatch all enemies
Joker Doom - Instantly kills all enemies and allies
H-Bomb - Attack enemy party with a bomb from the airship
Magicite - Summon a random Esper for no MP cost
Chocobop - Herd of chocobos runs over all non-flying enemies
Mega Flare - Summons Bahamut to attack
Flash - Small amounts of magical damage from crystals
Lagomorph - Small HP recovery and remove status ailments
|
| ATTRIBUTES: Low evade |
|
| FF7 |
|
| NAME: Cait Sith |
| OVERVIEW: Cait Sith only has two limit breaks - Slots and Dice. |
| WEAPONS: Megaphone |
LIMITS:
Dice - Roll two dice at enemy and cause damage equal to amount shown x100 (rolling doubles causes double damage)
Slots:
Mog Dance - Mog appears and restores all HP and MP of party
Toy Soldier - Six toy soldiers attack all enemies
Summon - Summons a random monster from any summon materia in inventory for no MP cost
Transformation - Transforms into a giant Cait Sith, bumping other party members from the battle field. His stats are equal to all three party members combined and only Cait Sith gains experience from the battle.
Lucky Girl - All physical attacks are critical hits until end of battle
Death To All - Instantly kill all party members
Instant Victory - Instantly kill all enemies
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High HP, low physical defense
|
|
| FF8 |
|
| NAME: Selphie Tilmitt |
| OVERVIEW: Although her limit break is random, you can keep refreshing the window until the desired command is displayed. |
| WEAPONS: Nunchaku |
LIMITS:
Slot:
Any magic in inventory used a random number of times at no cost to inventory
Full Cure - Fully cures all party members and removes status ailments
Wall - Cast Protect and Shell on party
Rapture - Attempts to removes all enemies from battlefield
The End - Instantly dispatches all enemies (even some bosses)
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High magic power, high magic defense, low HP, low physical defense, high luck
|
|
| FF10 |
|
| NAME: Wakka |
| OVERVIEW: Wakka has great accuracy and status effects like an Archer, but his Overdrive consists of slots, although he seems to have no other connection to Gambler. |
| WEAPONS: Blitzballs |
ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Aim - Increase party's accuracy
Dark Attack - Cause damage and Blind for one turn
Silence Attack - Cause damage and Silence for one turn
Sleep Attack - Cause damage and Sleep for one turn
Dark Buster - Cause damage and Blind for three turns
Silence Buster - Cause damage and Silence for three turns
Sleep Buster - Cause damage and Sleep for three turns
Osmose - Drain MP from enemy and add to own MP
Drain - Drain HP from enemy and add to own HP
Triple Foul - Cast Sleep, Silence, and Darkness on enemy for three turns
Overdrive: Slots
Element Reels - Match slots to cast black elemental magic
Attack Reels - Match slots to make repeated hits on random enemies
Status Reels - Match slots to cause random status ailments to enemies
Auroch Reels - Match slots to cast black elemental magic, make repeated hits, and/or cause random status ailments
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High HP, high defense, high magic defense, high accuracy, low evasion
|
|
| FFX-2 |
| |
| NAME: Lady Luck |
| OVERVIEW: Like Cait Sith, their primary abilities deal with slots and dice. To attack, they throw cards at the enemy. |
| WEAPONS: Cards |
ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Tantalize - Confuse enemy
Bribe - Give enemy gil to leave battle
Gamble:
Two Dice - Throw two dice and cause damage equal to 4x amount on dice
Four Dice - Throw four dice and cause damage equal to 10x amount on dice
Attack Reels - Match slots to cause physical attacks
Magic Reels - Match slots to cause magical spells
Item Reels - Match slots to trigger items
Random Reels - Match slots to trigger random effects and abilities
Luck - Raise user's luck
Felicity - Raise luck of party
|
| SUPPORT ABILITIES: Critical, Double Exp, SOS Spellspring, Gillionaire, Double Items |
| ATTRIBUTES: High accuracy, high luck |
|
| FF11 |
|
| NAME: Corsair |
| OVERVIEW: Though they resemble a pirate and equip guns, their abilities are rooted in rolling dice for various effects. The rolls in Phantom Roll are named after other jobs, and have an effect related to that job. |
| WEAPONS: Hexagun |
| ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Wild Card - Random effect on all party members within range
Phantom Roll - Give random beneficial effect to all party members within range
Double-Up - Enhance a Phantom Roll effect
Quick Draw - Shoot a bullet with magical energy from a card
Random Deal - Attempt to reset recast time of a random ability for all party members within range
Aggressor - Increases accuracy, lowers evasion |
| SUPPORT ABILITIES: Resist Paralyze |
| ATTRIBUTES: |
|
Traits of Gambler in Other Games
| FF7: Tifa's limit is based on a slot system. The number of slots is determined by the number of attacks learned and there are three options - "Great" does double damage, "OK" does normal damage, and "Miss" skips the action. |
| FF9: Zidane's Skill "Lucky Seven" does physical damage based on Luck. |
| FF9: One of the supported abilities is "Gamble Defense" where, in each attack on the character, the character's defense is calculated to be between 0 and 2x normal defense. |
| FFTA: At the beginning of each action, the Gadgeteer has a 50% chance of hitting an enemy or an ally. |
Final Fantasy, all games and animation bearing the Final Fantasy name, and all characters in said games or animation are copyright their respective creators, including but not limited to Squaresoft, Square Enix, Square EA, Tokyo TV, and ADV Films.


Inspired by @P1xt, I want to tackle my 2018 coding year in kind of a Speedrun style. Starting with her guides on GitHub, there is a lot of material that I want to, eventually, complete.
But learning to code, as with many other things, is like a way in the forest. You know where you are. You know where you want to go next. But you don't really know the exact path to get to the other side. So, since I will surely find new material as the year progresses, and my interests might grow or divert, I want to keep this list open.
I don't want to finish this lists before the year ends.I just want to always know where to go next. I don't want to loose time thinking what to do.


What we do ... read more
Kettlebell Sport or Girevoy Sport is the traditional Russian sport of kettlebell lifting. Best described as “endurance weightlifting". Kettlebell Sport evolved from athletic and military circles and slowly spread to the wider population.
How we do it ... read more
Our training consists of various types of kettlebell lifts mixed with bodyweight exercises and stretching, all under an hour.
Why we train ... read more
We're looking to make better our overall quality of life by improving our strength throughout the entire
body.
Kettlebell Sport blends strength, endurance, balance and coordination. You can build amazing mental
tenacity which carries over to other aspects of life.
Who we are ... read more
We are kettlebel enthusiasts who like to come together and push ourselves towards our limits. We have daily jobs and we do not draw profit from each other.
Others say
When we train ... read more
Tuesday 7-8 pm,
Thursday 7-8 pm
Fees ... read more
Train with us for € 8 per session
Try out for free!