I graduated high school from Franklin Academy, a college prep boarding school 30 miles from Hartford.
I have a degree in broadcast journalism from Meeman School of Journalism.
I am currently attending Code Crew Code School to become a licensed computer programmer.


Define the structure of the plugin documentation¶
The structure of each documentation should consist in these points:
Introduction¶
Introduction: a short description about the plugin, explaining how it works
Techincal requirements:¶
- Magento minimal requirement (give a link where to test if the server has the minimum Magento requirement)
- Magento version compatibility
- Magento store availability from the web: it must be reachable from the bank server, without any htpassword or web restriction
Download plugin¶
Explain how to download the plugin from customer area: make screenshot and a guideline to download the file
Plugins file structure: explain the folders inside the package and give a screenshot about it Installation: explain how to install each plugin, even for Magento1 and Magento2. Configuration: explain how to configure each plugin. Add some screenshot and step by step configuration guide, explaining each field with a short description. Also, explain how to configure bank backoffice panel. Test and debug: explain how to test the plugin in a step by step guide, including: Product creation Check order on backend Check order on frontend Explain how to ask for customer support: explain in a step by step guide how to ask support, following these points: Before to ask for support: explain all the checks that should be done before to ask support, like check of configurations, bank credentials and configurations, check of logs to prevent that the error is not due to another plugin/theme, a check with the default Magento theme, and check if all requirement of point 2 are ok. Ask support following the product page link. Here we have to explain all fields that are required for a support request. These fields are: A complete error description, screenshot and how to reproduce the error Link of the frontend store Link of backend of Magento Admin access data with complete permission with all admin permissions FTP (or SFTP for M2) access data, with complete permissions Link to a test product A phone number and email address of a reference technician Bank backoffice access data (if needed, it depends from the kind of plugin)


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---
layout: post
title: Can Bing steal Google's traffic by using Adwords?
date: 2010-11-11 16:23:00.000000000 -05:00
comments: true
categories: []
published: true
---
I have been meaning to write this post for a while, but it kept getting delayed. Then Mashable published
this article about Google Advertising on Twitter.
So I figured now is as good a time as any.
I am no ad buying expert, but if Microsoft can bid on very cheap/obscure keywords (i.e. the extreme longtail) - e.g. every single keyword that costs $0.01 or less (if that even exists), assuming that the revenue they can generate per lead is greater than $0.01, then why not do it? Then from there, experiment with $0.02 keywords, and progress accordingly.
Naturally, it has to make economic sense. I imagine they must measure the cost of every lead and with the waste that is generated with large TV campaigns, it's not hard to conceive that a strict online ad inventory buying campaign would generate warmer leads than an offline TV campaign.
Am I wrong? Would love to hear some thoughts on that.
Edit: Some interesting links provided to me by the
thread on Hacker News, although they don't specifically point out data from Bing, it is interesting nonetheless:


enabling swagger
in order to enable swaggergen/ui for your project, first install the FastEndpoints.Swagger
package and add 4 lines to your app startup:
global using FastEndpoints;
using FastEndpoints.Swagger; //add this
var builder = WebApplication.CreateBuilder();
builder.Services.AddFastEndpoints();
builder.Services.AddSwagger(); //add this
var app = builder.Build();
app.UseAuthorization();
app.UseFastEndpoints();
app.UseSwagger(); //add this
app.UseSwaggerUI(); //add this
app.Run();
you can then visit /swagger
or /swagger/v1/swagger.json
to see swagger output.
swagger configuration
swagger options can be configured as you'd typically do like follows:
builder.Services.AddSwagger(options =>
{
options.SwaggerDoc("v1", new OpenApiInfo { Title = "My API", Version = "v1" });
options.CustomSchemaIds(x => x.Name);
options.TagActionsBy(x => new[] { x.RelativePath?.Split('/')[1] });
});
disable swagger auth
support for jwt bearer auth is automatically added. if you need to disable it, simply pass a false
value to the following parameter:
builder.Services.AddSwagger(addJWTBearerAuth: false);
json serializer options
swagger serialization options can be set with the following parameter:
builder.Services.AddSwagger(serializerOptions:
o => o.JsonSerializerOptions.PropertyNamingPolicy = null);
limitations
swagger/swashbuckle is presently tied closely to the mvc framework and support for .net 6 minimal api is lacking some features. hence, your mileage may vary. if you find some rough edges with the swagger support in FastEndponts, please get in touch by creating a github issue or better yet, submit a pull request if you have experience dealing with swagger.


Implementes the algorithm described in Valente and Davis (1999)
mentor_matching(graph, n, cmode = "indegree", lead.ties.method = "average", geodist.args = list()) leader_matching(graph, n, cmode = "indegree", lead.ties.method = "average", geodist.args = list()) # S3 method for diffnet_mentor plot(x, y = NULL, vertex.size = "degree", minmax.relative.size = getOption("diffnet.minmax.relative.size", c(0.01, 0.04)), lead.cols = grDevices::topo.colors(attr(x, "nleaders")), vshapes = c(Leader = "square", Follower = "circle"), add.legend = TRUE, main = "Mentoring Network", ...)
| graph | Any class of accepted graph format (see |
|---|---|
| n | Number of leaders |
| cmode | Passed to |
| lead.ties.method | Passed to |
| geodist.args | Passed to |
| x | An object of class |
| y | Ignored. |
| vertex.size | Either a numeric scalar or vector of size \(n\), or any of the following values: "indegree", "degree", or "outdegree" (see details). |
| minmax.relative.size | Passed to |
| lead.cols | Character vector of length |
| vshapes | Character scalar of length 2. Shapes to identify leaders (mentors) and followers respectively. |
| add.legend | Logical scalar. When |
| main | Character scalar. Passed to |
| ... | Further arguments passed to |
An object of class diffnet_mentor
and data.frame
with the following columns:
Character. Labels of the vertices
Numeric. Degree of each vertex in the graph
Logical. TRUE
when the vertex was picked as a leader.
Character. The corresponding matched leader.
Integer scalar. The resulting number of leaders (could be greater than n
)
The original graph used to run the algorithm.
The algorithm works as follows:
Find the top n
individuals ranking them by dgr(graph, cmode)
.
The rank is computed by the function rank
. Denote this set M
.
Compute the geodesic matrix.
For each v in V
do:
Find the mentor m in M
such that is closest to v
Were there a tie, choose the mentor that minimizes the average
path length from v
's direct neighbors to m
.
If there are no paths to any member of M
, or all have the
same average path length to v
's neighbors, then assign one
randomly.
Plotting is done via the function plot.igraph
.
When vertex.size
is either of "degree"
, "indegree"
, or
"outdegree"
, vertex.size
will be replace with dgr(.,cmode = )
so that the vertex size reflects the desired degree.
The argument minmax.relative.size
is passed to rescale_vertex_igraph
which adjusts vertex.size
so that the largest and smallest vertices
have a relative size of minmax.relative.size[2]
and
minmax.relative.size[1]
respectively with respect to the x-axis.
Valente, T. W., & Davis, R. L. (1999). Accelerating the Diffusion of Innovations Using Opinion Leaders. The ANNALS of the American Academy of Political and Social Science, 566(1), 55–67. http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1177/000271629956600105
# A simple example ---------------------------------------------------------- set.seed(1231) graph <- rgraph_ws(n=50, k = 4, p = .5) # Looking for 3 mentors ans <- mentor_matching(graph, n = 3) head(ans)#> name degree isleader match #> 1 1 4 FALSE 49 #> 2 2 2 FALSE 17 #> 3 3 2 FALSE 22 #> 4 4 3 FALSE 20 #> 5 5 3 FALSE 6 #> 6 6 6 TRUE 6#> #> 15 17 20 22 33 43 49 6 9 #> 7 5 2 5 5 3 8 12 3


Zumba is a total-body cardio and aerobic workout, which provides a large calorie consumption. A study
shows that a person burns 300 to 900kcal with an hour-long Zumba exercise.Because Zumba offers different
options, proponents of the Zumba program claim that it is safe for all ages, meaning that anyone from
age 0 to 100 can participate in this form of aerobic exercise. Some of the classes are specifically
aimed at elderly people, to help them build strength, improve motion and posture, and socialize. Besides
its high calorie burning benefit, Zumba can help lower the risk of heart disease, reduce the blood
pressure and bad cholesterol, and increase your good cholesterol.


|
| static void | Serialize (string outPath, params object[] assets) |
| |
◆ Serialize()
| static void BrawlLib.Modeling.Wavefront.Serialize |
( |
string |
outPath, |
|
|
params object[] |
assets |
|
) |
| |
|
inlinestatic |
11 {
12 using (FileStream stream = new FileStream(outPath, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite, FileShare.None))
13 {
14 using (StreamWriter writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
15 {
16 writer.WriteLine(
17 $"#Wavefront OBJ file, generated by {Application.ProductName} v{Application.ProductVersion}");
18
19 foreach (object o in assets)
20 {
22 {
24 }
26 {
28 }
30 {
32 }
34 {
36 {
37 WritePolygon(writer, c);
38 }
39 }
40 }
41
42 writer.Flush();
43 }
44 }
45 }
Definition: MDL0ObjectNode.cs:2040
Definition: MDL0NormalNode.cs:10
Definition: MDL0ObjectNode.cs:21
Definition: MDL0UVNode.cs:10
Definition: MDL0VertexNode.cs:11
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:
- BrawlLib/Modeling/Wavefront.cs


Citrine
- Tasks - configure and monitor.
- Task Run Logs
- HTML view.
- Raw file view
(This will only work if the log files are stored in TOMCAT_HOME/webapps/citrine/logs/ i.e. the default as configured by the "sysexec.logpath" property in citrine.properties file.)
- Admin - administer Citrine instance.


10 E Delaware Pl. Chicago, IL 60611 Telephone:<PHONE_NUMBER> Dinner- Monday-Sunday 4:30pm-12am Lunch- Monday-Sunday 10am-4pm Breakfast- Monday-Sunday 6am-8:30am Brunch- Saturday & Sunday 9am-12pm Facebook | Twitter | Instagram


Parallel CRNT4SBML¶
Due to the nature of the optimization problem formed, some models can take a long time to complete. In order to improve the user experience, we have developed parallel versions of the optimization routine for all approaches using mpi4py.
Installing the proper packages¶
Base Requirements for Parallel Version¶
- Python 3.7 (64-bit)
- networkx==2.3
- python-libsbml==5.18.0
- numpy==1.16.4
- sympy==1.4
- scipy==1.4.1
- matplotlib==3.1.1
- plotnine==0.6.0
- mpi4py==3.0.3
MacOS and Windows¶
- antimony==2.11.0
- rrplugins==1.2.2
- libroadrunner==<IP_ADDRESS>
Creating a Virtual Environment¶
The preferred way to use the parallel version of CRNT4SBML is through a virtual environment. First follow the steps outlined in Installation to create a virtual environment with the name mpi_crnt4sbml. Once this is done, we can now activate this environment as follows:
On MacOS and Linux:
$ source /path/to/python_environments/mpi_crnt4sbml/bin/activate
On Windows:
$ path\to\mpi_crnt4sbml\Scripts\activate
Note, in case you are using PowerShell, make sure its policy is updated by executing command as administrator
Set-ExecutionPolicy RemoteSigned
. On the command line one should now see “(mpi_crnt4sbml)” on the left side of the
command line, which indicates that one is now working in the virtual environment.
One now needs to install mpi4py. Given mpi4py uses mpicc under the covers, we first need to install an MPI compiler onto our system. This is done differently on MacOS, Linux, and Windows.
On MacOS:
The simplest way to install mpicc on MacOS is to use homebrew. To begin, first install homebrew. Then, we need to install open-mpi. This is done in the terminal as follows:
$ brew install open-mpi
Be sure to take note of the install location of open-mpi. We now need to set the environment variable for the MPI compiler. This is done as follows in the terminal (take note that here we are using version 4.0.2 of open-mpi):
$ export MPICC=path/to/open-mpi/4.0.2/bin/mpiccIf a standard install was followed, “path/to/” can be replaced with “/usr/local/Cellar/”. We are now ready to install mpi4py. With the virtual environment mpi_crnt4sbml activated, mpi4py can be installed as follows:
$ pip install mpi4py
On Linux:
The simplest way to install an MPI compiler on Linux is to install open-mpi. This is done in the terminal as follows (note that one may need to use sudo):
$ apt-get install -y libopenmpi-dev
On Windows:
The simplest way to install a proper MPI compiler on Windows is to use Microsoft MPI. If not already installed, one should download Microsoft MPI version 10 or newer. At the time of creating this documentation, this could be done using the following link. Using the link click download and download msmpisetup.exe and run it. After the download, one should have a proper MPI compiler that is compatible with mpi4py.
Note that for some users, one will also need to set the MSMPI path under User Variables. By default the Variable should be set to MSMPI_BIN and the Value should be
C:\Program Files\Microsoft MPI\Bin
. This can be done following the instructions here.
Once the environment is activated, one can now install a parallel CRNT4SBML as follows:
- On MacOS:
$ pip install crnt4sbml[MPIMacOS]
- On Windows:
$ pip install crnt4sbml[MPIWindows]
- On Linux (numerical continuation is unavailable for Linux):
$ pip install crnt4sbml[MPILinux]
note that this will install crnt4sbml in the virtual environment mpi_crnt4sbml. One can only use crnt4sbml within this environment.
Parallel Mass Conservation Approach¶
To run the optimization for the mass conservation approach create the following python script named mpi_run.py:
import crnt4sbml
import numpy
network = crnt4sbml.CRNT("path/to/Fig1Ci.xml")
approach = network.get_mass_conservation_approach()
bounds, concentration_bounds = approach.get_optimization_bounds()
params_for_global_min, obj_fun_val_for_params = approach.run_optimization(bounds=bounds, concentration_bounds=concentration_bounds,
parallel_flag=True)
if approach.get_my_rank() == 0:
numpy.save('params.npy', params_for_global_min)
approach.generate_report()
You can then run the script from the console using 2 cores using the following command:
$ mpiexec -np 2 python mpi_run.py
This will provide the following output along with saving the params_for_global_min to the file params.npy in the current directory. You can then load in params.npy and run a serial version of the numerical continuation. Please note that runtimes may vary among different operating systems.
Creating Equilibrium Manifold ...
Creating Equilibrium Manifold ...
Elapsed time for creating Equilibrium Manifold: 2.06032
Elapsed time for creating Equilibrium Manifold: 2.0805279999999993
Running feasible point method for 10 iterations ...
Elapsed time for feasible point method: 1.024346
Running the multistart optimization method ...
Elapsed time for multistart method: 3.5696950000000003
Smallest value achieved by objective function: 0.0
4 point(s) passed the optimization criteria.
Parallel Semi-diffusive Approach¶
To run the optimization for the semi-diffusive approach create the following python script named mpi_run.py:
import crnt4sbml
import numpy
network = crnt4sbml.CRNT("path/to/Fig1Cii.xml")
approach = network.get_semi_diffusive_approach()
bounds = approach.get_optimization_bounds()
params_for_global_min, obj_fun_val_for_params = approach.run_optimization(bounds=bounds, parallel_flag=True)
if approach.get_my_rank() == 0:
numpy.save('params.npy', params_for_global_min)
approach.generate_report()
You can then run the script from the console using 2 cores using the following command:
$ mpiexec -np 2 python mpi_run.py
This will provide the following output along with saving the params_for_global_min to the file params.npy in the current directory. You can then load in params.npy and run a serial version of the numerical continuation. Please note that runtimes may vary among different operating systems.
Running feasible point method for 10 iterations ...
Elapsed time for feasible point method: 0.38841
Running the multistart optimization method ...
Elapsed time for multistart method: 17.330986000000003
Smallest value achieved by objective function: 0.0
9 point(s) passed the optimization criteria.
Parallel General Approach¶
Further libraries required¶
- plotnine==0.6.0
To run the optimization and direct simulation bistability anaylsis for the general approach create the following python script named mpi_run.py:
import crnt4sbml
network = crnt4sbml.CRNT("path/to/Fig1Ci.xml")
approach = network.get_general_approach()
bnds = approach.get_optimization_bounds()
approach.initialize_general_approach(signal="C3", response="s15", fix_reactions=True)
params_for_global_min, obj_fun_vals = approach.run_optimization(bounds=bnds, dual_annealing_iters=100, confidence_level_flag=True,
parallel_flag=True)
approach.run_direct_simulation(params_for_global_min, parallel_flag=True)
approach.generate_report()
You can then run the script from the console using 4 cores using the following command:
$ mpiexec -np 4 python mpi_run.py
This will provide the following output along with saving the direct simulation plots in the directory path ./dir_sim_graphs. Please note that runtimes may vary among different operating systems.
Running the multistart optimization method ...
Elapsed time for multistart method: 10.842817
Starting direct simulation ...
Elapsed time for direct simulation in seconds: 270.852905
It was found that 0.0 is the minimum objective function value with a confidence level of 1.0 .
9 point(s) passed the optimization criteria.


Status: Pending
Version: Alpha
Author: Saad Ali (@saad-ali, <EMAIL_ADDRESS>This document was drafted here.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Container Storage Interface (CSI) | A specification attempting to establish an industry standard interface that Container Orchestration Systems (COs) can use to expose arbitrary storage systems to their containerized workloads. |
| in-tree | Code that exists in the core Kubernetes repository. |
| out-of-tree | Code that exists somewhere outside the core Kubernetes repository. |
| CSI Volume Plugin | A new, in-tree volume plugin that acts as an adapter and enables out-of-tree, third-party CSI volume drivers to be used in Kubernetes. |
| CSI Volume Driver | An out-of-tree CSI compatible implementation of a volume plugin that can be used in Kubernetes through the Kubernetes CSI Volume Plugin. |
Kubernetes volume plugins are currently “in-tree” meaning they are linked, compiled, built, and shipped with the core kubernetes binaries. Adding a new storage system to Kubernetes (a volume plugin) requires checking code into the core Kubernetes code repository. This is undesirable for many reasons including:
The existing Flex Volume plugin attempted to address this by exposing an exec based API for mount/unmount/attach/detach. Although it enables third party storage vendors to write drivers out-of-tree, it requires access to the root filesystem of node and master machines in order to deploy the third party driver files.
Additionally, it doesn’t address another pain of in-tree volumes plugins: dependencies. Volume plugins tend to have many external requirements: dependencies on mount and filesystem tools, for example. These dependencies are assumed to be available on the underlying host OS, which often is not the case, and installing them requires direct machine access. There are efforts underway, for example https://github.com/kubernetes/community/pull/589, that are hoping to address this for in-tree volume plugins. But, enabling volume plugins to be completely containerized will make dependency management much easier.
While Kubernetes has been dealing with these issues, the broader storage community has also been dealing with a fragmented story for how to make their storage system available in different Container Orchestration Systems (COs). Storage vendors have to either write and support multiple volume drivers for different COs or choose to not support some COs.
The Container Storage Interface (CSI) is a specification that resulted from cooperation between community members from various COs–including Kubernetes, Mesos, Cloud Foundry, and Docker. The goal of this interface is to establish a standardized mechanism for COs to expose arbitrary storage systems to their containerized workloads.
The primary motivation for Storage vendors to adopt the interface is a desire to make their system available to as many users as possible with as little work as possible. The primary motivation for COs to adopt the interface is to invest in a mechanism that will enable their users to use as many different storage systems as possible. In addition, for Kubernetes, adopting CSI will have the added benefit of moving volume plugins out of tree, and enabling volume plugins to be containerized.
The objective of this document is to document all the requirements for enabling a CSI compliant volume plugin (a CSI volume driver) in Kubernetes.
To support CSI Compliant Volume plugins, a new in-tree CSI Volume plugin will be introduced in Kubernetes. This new volume plugin will be the mechanism by which Kubernetes users (application developers and cluster admins) interact with external CSI volume drivers.
The SetUp
/TearDown
calls for the new in-tree CSI volume plugin will directly invoke NodePublishVolume
and NodeUnpublishVolume
CSI RPCs through a unix domain socket on the node machine.
Provision/delete and attach/detach must be handled by some external component that monitors the Kubernetes API on behalf of a CSI volume driver and invokes the appropriate CSI RPCs against it.
To simplify integration, the Kubernetes team will offer a containers that captures all the Kubernetes specific logic and act as adapters between third-party containerized CSI volume drivers and Kubernetes (each deployment of a CSI driver would have it’s own instance of the adapter).
Kubernetes is as minimally prescriptive on the packaging and deployment of a CSI Volume Driver as possible. Use of the Communication Channels (documented below) is the only requirement for enabling an arbitrary external CSI compatible storage driver in Kubernetes.
This document recommends a standard mechanism for deploying an arbitrary containerized CSI driver on Kubernetes. This can be used by a Storage Provider to simplify deployment of containerized CSI compatible volume drivers on Kubernetes (see the “Recommended Mechanism for Deploying CSI Drivers on Kubernetes” section below). This mechanism, however, is strictly optional.
Kubelet (responsible for mount and unmount) will communicate with an external “CSI volume driver” running on the same host machine (whether containerized or not) via a Unix Domain Socket.
CSI volume drivers should create a socket at the following path on the node machine: /var/lib/kubelet/plugins/[SanitizedCSIDriverName]/csi.sock
. For alpha, kubelet will assume this is the location for the Unix Domain Socket to talk to the CSI volume driver. For the beta implementation, we can consider using the Device Plugin Unix Domain Socket Registration mechanism to register the Unix Domain Socket with kubelet. This mechanism would need to be extended to support registration of both CSI volume drivers and device plugins independently.
Sanitized CSIDriverName
is CSI driver name that does not contain dangerous character and can be used as annotation name. It can follow the same pattern that we use for volume plugins. Too long or too ugly driver names can be rejected, i.e. all components described in this document will report an error and won’t talk to this CSI driver. Exact sanitization method is implementation detail (SHA in the worst case).
Upon initialization of the external “CSI volume driver”, some external component must call the CSI method GetNodeId
to get the mapping from Kubernetes Node names to CSI driver NodeID. It must then add the CSI driver NodeID to the csi.volume.kubernetes.io/nodeid
annotation on the Kubernetes Node API object. The key of the annotation must be csi.volume.kubernetes.io/nodeid
. The value of the annotation is a JSON blob, containing key/value pairs for each CSI driver.
For example:
csi.volume.kubernetes.io/nodeid: "{ \"driver1\": \"name1\", \"driver2\": \"name2\" }
This will enable the component that will issue ControllerPublishVolume
calls to use the annotation as a mapping from cluster node ID to storage node ID.
To enable easy deployment of an external containerized CSI volume driver, the Kubernetes team will provide a sidecar “Kubernetes CSI Helper” container that can manage the unix domain socket registration and NodeId initialization. This is detailed in the “Suggested Mechanism for Deploying CSI Drivers on Kubernetes” section below.
Because CSI volume driver code is considered untrusted, it might not be allowed to run on the master. Therefore, the Kube controller manager (responsible for create, delete, attach, and detach) can not communicate via a Unix Domain Socket with the “CSI volume driver” container. Instead, the Kube controller manager will communicate with the external “CSI volume driver” through the Kubernetes API.
More specifically, some external component must watch the Kubernetes API on behalf of the external CSI volume driver and trigger the appropriate operations against it. This eliminates the problems of discovery and securing a channel between the kube-controller-manager and the CSI volume driver.
To enable easy deployment of an external containerized CSI volume driver on Kubernetes, without making the driver Kubernetes aware, Kubernetes will provide a sidecar “Kubernetes to CSI” proxy container that will watch the Kubernetes API and trigger the appropriate operations against the “CSI volume driver” container. This is detailed in the “Suggested Mechanism for Deploying CSI Drivers on Kubernetes” section below.
The external component watching the Kubernetes API on behalf of the external CSI volume driver must handle provisioning, deleting, attaching, and detaching.
Provisioning and deletion operations are handled using the existing external provisioner mechanism, where the external component watching the Kubernetes API on behalf of the external CSI volume driver will act as an external provisioner.
In short, to dynamically provision a new CSI volume, a cluster admin would create a StorageClass
with the provisioner corresponding to the name of the external provisioner handling provisioning requests on behalf of the CSI volume driver.
To provision a new CSI volume, an end user would create a PersistentVolumeClaim
object referencing this StorageClass
. The external provisioner will react to the creation of the PVC and issue the CreateVolume
call against the CSI volume driver to provision the volume. The CreateVolume
name will be auto-generated as it is for other dynamically provisioned volumes. The CreateVolume
capacity will be taken from the PersistentVolumeClaim
object. The CreateVolume
parameters will be passed through from the StorageClass
parameters (opaque to Kubernetes). Once the operation completes successfully, the external provisioner creates a PersistentVolume
object to represent the volume using the information returned in the CreateVolume
response. The PersistentVolume
object is bound to the PersistentVolumeClaim
and available for use.
To delete a CSI volume, an end user would delete the corresponding PersistentVolumeClaim
object. The external provisioner will react to the deletion of the PVC and based on its reclamation policy it will issue the DeleteVolume
call against the CSI volume driver commands to delete the volume. It will then delete the PersistentVolume
object.
Attach/detach operations must also be handled by an external component (an “attacher”). The attacher watches the Kubernetes API on behalf of the external CSI volume driver for new VolumeAttachment
objects (defined below), and triggers the appropriate calls against the CSI volume driver to attach the volume. The attacher must watch for VolumeAttachment
object and mark it as attached even if the underlying CSI driver does not support ControllerPublishVolume
call, as Kubernetes has no knowledge about it.
More specifically, an external “attacher” must watch the Kubernetes API on behalf of the external CSI volume driver to handle attach/detach requests.
Once the following conditions are true, the external-attacher should call ControllerPublishVolume
against the CSI volume driver to attach the volume to the specified node:
VolumeAttachment
Kubernetes API objects is created by Kubernetes attach/detach controller.VolumeAttachment.Spec.Attacher
value in that object corresponds to the name of the external attacher.VolumeAttachment.Status.Attached
value is not yet set to true.VolumeAttachment.Spec.NodeName
and that object contains a csi.volume.kubernetes.io/nodeid
annotation. This annotation contains a JSON blob, a list of key/value pairs, where one of they keys corresponds with the CSI volume driver name, and the value is the NodeID for that driver. This NodeId mapping can be retrieved and used in the ControllerPublishVolume
calls.VolumeAttachment.Metadata.DeletionTimestamp
is not set.Before starting the ControllerPublishVolume
operation, the external-attacher should add these finalizers to these Kubernetes API objects:
VolumeAttachment
so that when the object is deleted, the external-attacher has an opportunity to detach the volume first. External attacher removes this finalizer once the volume is fully detached from the node.PersistentVolume
referenced by VolumeAttachment
so the the PV cannot be deleted while the volume is attached. External attacher needs information from the PV to perform detach operation. The attacher will remove the finalizer once all VolumeAttachment
objects that refer to the PV are deleted, i.e. the volume is detached from all nodes.If the operation completes successfully, the external-attacher will:
VolumeAttachment.Status.Attached
field to true to indicate the volume is attached.VolumeAttachment.Status.AttachmentMetadata
field with the contents of the returned PublishVolumeInfo
.VolumeAttachment.Status.AttachError
field.If the operation fails, the external-attacher will:
VolumeAttachment.Status.Attached
field to still false to indicate the volume is not attached.VolumeAttachment.Status.AttachError
field detailing the error.VolumeAttachment
object to inform users what went wrong.The external-attacher may implement it’s own error recovery strategy, and retry as long as conditions specified for attachment above are valid. It is strongly recommended that the external-attacher implement an exponential backoff strategy for retries.
The detach operation will be triggered by the deletion of the VolumeAttachment
Kubernetes API objects. Since the VolumeAttachment
Kubernetes API object will have a finalizer added by the external-attacher, it will wait for confirmation from the external-attacher before deleting the object.
Once all the following conditions are true, the external-attacher should call ControllerUnpublishVolume
against the CSI volume driver to detach the volume from the specified node:
1. A VolumeAttachment
Kubernetes API object is marked for deletion: the value for the VolumeAttachment.metadata.deletionTimestamp
field is set.
If the operation completes successfully, the external-attacher will:
1. Remove its finalizer from the list of finalizers on the VolumeAttachment
object permitting the delete operation to continue.
If the operation fails, the external-attacher will:
VolumeAttachment.Status.Attached
field remains true to indicate the volume is not yet detached.VolumeAttachment.Status.DetachError
field detailing the error.VolumeAttachment
object to inform users what went wrong.The new API object called VolumeAttachment
will be defined as follows:
// VolumeAttachment captures the intent to attach or detach the specified volume
// to/from the specified node.
//
// VolumeAttachment objects are non-namespaced.
type VolumeAttachment struct {
metav1.TypeMeta `json:",inline"`
// Standard object metadata.
// More info: https://git.k8s.io/community/contributors/devel/api-conventions#metadata
// +optional
metav1.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=metadata"`
// Specification of the desired attach/detach volume behavior.
// Populated by the Kubernetes system.
Spec VolumeAttachmentSpec `json:"spec" protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=spec"`
// Status of the VolumeAttachment request.
// Populated by the entity completing the attach or detach
// operation, i.e. the external-attacher.
// +optional
Status VolumeAttachmentStatus `json:"status,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=status"`
}
// The specification of a VolumeAttachment request.
type VolumeAttachmentSpec struct {
// Attacher indicates the name of the volume driver that MUST handle this
// request. This is the name returned by GetPluginName() and must be the
// same as StorageClass.Provisioner.
Attacher string `json:"attacher" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=attacher"`
// AttachedVolumeSource represents the volume that should be attached.
VolumeSource AttachedVolumeSource `json:"volumeSource" protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=volumeSource"`
// Kubernetes node name that the volume should be attached to.
NodeName string `json:"nodeName" protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=nodeName"`
}
// VolumeAttachmentSource represents a volume that should be attached.
// Right now only PersistentVolumes can be attached via external attacher,
// in future we may allow also inline volumes in pods.
// Exactly one member can be set.
type AttachedVolumeSource struct {
// Name of the persistent volume to attach.
// +optional
PersistentVolumeName *string `json:"persistentVolumeName,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=persistentVolumeName"`
// Placeholder for *VolumeSource to accommodate inline volumes in pods.
}
// The status of a VolumeAttachment request.
type VolumeAttachmentStatus struct {
// Indicates the volume is successfully attached.
// This field must only be set by the entity completing the attach
// operation, i.e. the external-attacher.
Attached bool `json:"attached" protobuf:"varint,1,opt,name=attached"`
// Upon successful attach, this field is populated with any
// information returned by the attach operation that must be passed
// into subsequent WaitForAttach or Mount calls.
// This field must only be set by the entity completing the attach
// operation, i.e. the external-attacher.
// +optional
AttachmentMetadata map[string]string `json:"attachmentMetadata,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,2,rep,name=attachmentMetadata"`
// The most recent error encountered during attach operation, if any.
// This field must only be set by the entity completing the attach
// operation, i.e. the external-attacher.
// +optional
AttachError *VolumeError `json:"attachError,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,3,opt,name=attachError,casttype=VolumeError"`
// The most recent error encountered during detach operation, if any.
// This field must only be set by the entity completing the detach
// operation, i.e. the external-attacher.
// +optional
DetachError *VolumeError `json:"detachError,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,4,opt,name=detachError,casttype=VolumeError"`
}
// Captures an error encountered during a volume operation.
type VolumeError struct {
// Time the error was encountered.
// +optional
Time metav1.Time `json:"time,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=time"`
// String detailing the error encountered during Attach or Detach operation.
// This string may be logged, so it should not contain sensitive
// information.
// +optional
Message string `json:"message,omitempty" protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=message"`
}
A new in-tree Kubernetes CSI Volume plugin will contain all the logic required for Kubernetes to communicate with an arbitrary, out-of-tree, third-party CSI compatible volume driver.
The existing Kubernetes volume components (attach/detach controller, PVC/PV controller, Kubelet volume manager) will handle the lifecycle of the CSI volume plugin operations (everything from triggering volume provisioning/deleting, attaching/detaching, and mounting/unmounting) just as they do for existing in-tree volume plugins.
A new CSIPersistentVolumeSource
object will be added to the Kubernetes API. It will be part of the existing PersistentVolumeSource
object and thus can be used only via PersistentVolumes. CSI volumes will not be allow referencing directly from Pods without a PersistentVolumeClaim
.
type CSIPersistentVolumeSource struct {
// Driver is the name of the driver to use for this volume.
// Required.
Driver string `json:"driver" protobuf:"bytes,1,opt,name=driver"`
// VolumeHandle is the unique volume name returned by the CSI volume
// plugin’s CreateVolume to refer to the volume on all subsequent calls.
VolumeHandle string `json:"volumeHandle" protobuf:"bytes,2,opt,name=volumeHandle"`
// Optional: The value to pass to ControllerPublishVolumeRequest.
// Defaults to false (read/write).
// +optional
ReadOnly bool `json:"readOnly,omitempty" protobuf:"varint,5,opt,name=readOnly"`
}
The in-tree CSI volume plugin will implement the following internal Kubernetes volume interfaces:
VolumePlugin
AttachableVolumePlugin
Notably, ProvisionableVolumePlugin
and DeletableVolumePlugin
are not implemented because provisioning and deleting for CSI volumes is handled by an external provisioner.
The in-tree volume plugin’s SetUp and TearDown methods will trigger the NodePublishVolume
and NodeUnpublishVolume
CSI calls via Unix Domain Socket. Kubernetes will generate a unique target_path
(unique per pod per volume) to pass via NodePublishVolume
for the CSI plugin to mount the volume. Upon successful completion of the NodeUnpublishVolume
call (once volume unmount has been verified), Kubernetes will delete the directory.
The Kubernetes volume sub-system does not currently support block volumes (only file), so for alpha, the Kubernetes CSI volume plugin will only support file.
The attach/detach controller,running as part of the kube-controller-manager binary on the master, decides when a CSI volume must be attached or detached from a particular node.
When the controller decides to attach a CSI volume, it will call the in-tree CSI volume plugin’s attach method. The in-tree CSI volume plugin’s attach method will do the following:
VolumeAttachment
object (defined in the “Communication Channels” section) to attach the volume.
VolumeAttachment
object will be pv-<SHA256(PVName+NodeName)>
.
pv-
prefix is used to allow using other scheme(s) for inline volumes in the future, with their own prefix.PVName
plus NodeName
string, each of which could be max allowed name length (hexadecimal representation of SHA256 is 64 characters).PVName
is PV.name
of the attached PersistentVolume.NodeName
is Node.name
of the node where the volume should be attached to.VolumeAttachment
object with the corresponding name already exists, the in-tree volume plugin will simply begin to poll it as defined below. The object is not modified; only the external-attacher should change the status fields; and the external-attacher is responsible for it’s own retry and error handling logic.VolumeAttachment
object waiting for one of the following conditions:
VolumeAttachment.Status.Attached
field to become true
.
VolumeAttachment.Status.AttachError
field.
VolumeAttachment.DeletionTimestamp
is set.
VolumeAttachment.Status.Attached
value must not be trusted. The attach/detach controller has to wait until the object is deleted by the external-attacher before creating a new instance of the object.When the controller decides to detach a CSI volume, it will call the in-tree CSI volume plugin’s detach method. The in-tree CSI volume plugin’s detach method will do the following:
VolumeAttachment
object (defined in the “Communication Channels” section) to indicate the volume should be detached.VolumeAttachment
object waiting for one of the following conditions:
VolumeAttachment.Status.Attached
field to become false.
VolumeAttachment.Status.DetachError
field.
Although, Kubernetes does not dictate the packaging for a CSI volume driver, it offers the following recommendations to simplify deployment of a containerized CSI volume driver on Kubernetes.
To deploy a containerized third-party CSI volume driver, it is recommended that storage vendors:
StatefulSet
(to facilitate communication with the Kubernetes controllers) that has:
external-provisioner
or external-attacher
in the cluster).external-attacher
container provided by the Kubernetes team.external-provisioner
container provided by the Kubernetes team.emptyDir
volume
/var/lib/csi/sockets/pluginproxy/
external-provisioner
, external-attacher
).DaemonSet
(to facilitate communication with every instance of kubelet) that has:
hostpath
volume
/var/lib/kubelet/device-plugins/kubelet.sock
from the host./var/lib/csi/sockets/kubelet.sock
hostpath
volume
/var/lib/kubelet/
from the host./var/lib/kubelet/
hostpath
volume
/var/lib/kubelet/plugins/[SanitizedCSIDriverName]/
from the host as hostPath.type = "DirectoryOrCreate"
.StatefulSet
and DaemonSet
to add support for the storage system in their Kubernetes cluster.Alternatively, deployment could be simplified by having all components (including external-provisioner and external-attacher) in the same pod (DaemonSet). Doing so, however, would consume more resources, and require a leader election protocol (likely https://git.k8s.io/contrib/election) in the external-provisioner
and external-attacher
components.
StorageClass
pointing to the CSI driver’s external-provisioner and specifying any parameters required by the driver.PersistentVolumeClaim
referring to the new StorageClass
.volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner
annotation.PersistentVolumeClaim
with the volume.beta.kubernetes.io/storage-provisioner
annotation so it starts dynamic volume provisioning:
StorageClass
to collect the opaque parameters to use for provisioning.CreateVolume
against the CSI driver container with parameters from the StorageClass
and PersistentVolumeClaim
objects.PersistentVolume
object to represent the newly created volume and binds it to the PersistentVolumeClaim
.PersistentVolumeClaim
object bound to a CSI volume.PersistentVolumeClaim
was deleted and triggers the retention policy:
delete
DeleteVolume
call against the CSI volume plugin container.PersistentVolume
object.retain
PersistentVolume
object.kube-controller-manager
binary on the master, sees that a pod referencing a CSI volume plugin is scheduled to a node, so it calls the in-tree CSI volume plugin’s attach method.VolumeAttachment
object in the kubernetes API and waits for its status to change to completed or error.VolumeAttachment
object and triggers a ControllerPublish
against the CSI volume driver container to fulfil it (meaning the external-attacher container issues a gRPC call via underlying UNIX domain socket to the CSI driver container).ControllerPublish
call the external-attacher updates the status of the VolumeAttachment
object to indicate the volume is successfully attached.VolumeAttachment
object in the Kubernetes API, sees the Attached
field set to true indicating the volume is attached, so it updates the attach/detach controller’s internal state to indicate the volume is attached.kube-controller-manager
binary on the master, sees that a pod referencing an attached CSI volume plugin is terminated or deleted, so it calls the in-tree CSI volume plugin’s detach method.VolumeAttachment
object.deletionTimestamp
set on the VolumeAttachment
object and triggers a ControllerUnpublish
against the CSI volume driver container to detach it.ControllerUnpublish
call, the external-attacher removes the finalizer from the VolumeAttachment
object to indicate successful completion of the detach operation allowing the VolumeAttachment
object to be deleted.VolumeAttachment
object sees it deleted and assumes the volume was successfully detached, so It updates the attach/detach controller’s internal state to indicate the volume is detached.WaitForAttach
method.WaitForAttach
method watches the Attached
field of the VolumeAttachment
object in the kubernetes API to become true
, it then returns without error.MountDevice
method which is a no-op and returns immediately.NodePublishVolume
call via the registered unix domain socket to the local CSI driver.NodePublishVolume
call the specified path is mounted into the pod container.UnmountDevice
method which is a no-op and returns immediately.NodeUnpublishVolume
call via the registered unix domain socket to the local CSI driver. If this call fails from any reason, kubelet re-tries the call periodically.NodeUnpublishVolume
call the specified path is unmounted from the pod container.CSI allows specifying credentials in CreateVolume/DeleteVolume, ControllerPublishVolume/ControllerUnpublishVolume, NodeStageVolume/NodeUnstageVolume, and NodePublishVolume/NodeUnpublishVolume operations.
Kubernetes will enable cluster admins and users deploying workloads on the cluster to specify these credentials by referencing Kubernetes secret object(s). Kubernetes (either the core components or helper containers) will fetch the secret(s) and pass them to the CSI volume plugin.
If a secret object contains more than one secret, all secrets are passed.
CSI accepts credentials for all the operations specified above as a map of string to string (e.g. map<string, string> controller_create_credentials
).
Kubernetes, however, defines secrets as a map of string to byte-array (e.g. Data map[string][]byte
). It also allows specifying text secret data in string form via a write-only convenience field StringData
which is a map of string to string.
Therefore, before passing secret data to CSI, Kubernetes (either the core components or helper containers) will convert the secret data from bytes to string (Kubernetes does not specify the character encoding, but Kubernetes internally uses golang to cast from string to byte and vice versa which assumes UTF-8 character set).
Although CSI only accepts string data, a plugin MAY dictate in its documentation that a specific secret contain binary data and specify a binary-to-text encoding to use (base64, quoted-printable, etc.) to encode the binary data and allow it to be passed in as a string. It is the responsibility of the entity (cluster admin, user, etc.) that creates the secret to ensure its content is what the plugin expects and is encoded in the format the plugin expects.
The CSI CreateVolume/DeleteVolume calls are responsible for creating and deleting volumes.
These calls are executed by the CSI external-provisioner.
Credentials for these calls will be specified in the Kubernetes StorageClass
object.
kind: StorageClass
apiVersion: storage.k8s.io/v1
metadata:
name: fast-storage
provisioner: com.example.team.csi-driver
parameters:
type: pd-ssd
csiProvisionerSecretName: mysecret
csiProvisionerSecretNamespace: mynamespaace
The CSI external-provisioner will reserve the parameter keys csiProvisionerSecretName
and csiProvisionerSecretNamespace
. If specified, the CSI Provisioner will fetch the secret csiProvisionerSecretName
in the Kubernetes namespace csiProvisionerSecretNamespace
and pass it to:
1. The CSI CreateVolumeRequest
in the controller_create_credentials
field.
2. The CSI DeleteVolumeRequest
in the controller_delete_credentials
field.
See “Secret to CSI Credential Encoding” section above for details on how secrets will be mapped to CSI credentials.
It is assumed that since StorageClass
is a non-namespaced field, only trusted users (e.g. cluster administrators) should be able to create a StorageClass
and, thus, specify which secret to fetch.
The only Kubernetes component that needs access to this secret is the CSI external-provisioner, which would fetch this secret. The permissions for the external-provisioner may be limited to the specified (external-provisioner specific) namespace to prevent a compromised provisioner from gaining access to other secrets.
The CSI ControllerPublishVolume/ControllerUnpublishVolume calls are responsible for attaching and detaching volumes.
These calls are executed by the CSI external-attacher.
Credentials for these calls will be specified in the Kubernetes CSIPersistentVolumeSource
object.
type CSIPersistentVolumeSource struct {
// ControllerPublishSecretRef is a reference to the secret object containing
// sensitive information to pass to the CSI driver to complete the CSI
// ControllerPublishVolume and ControllerUnpublishVolume calls.
// This secret will be fetched by the external-attacher.
// This field is optional, and may be empty if no secret is required. If the
// secret object contains more than one secret, all secrets are passed.
// +optional
ControllerPublishSecretRef *SecretReference
}
If specified, the CSI external-attacher will fetch the Kubernetes secret referenced by ControllerPublishSecretRef
and pass it to:
1. The CSI ControllerPublishVolume
in the controller_publish_credentials
field.
2. The CSI ControllerUnpublishVolume
in the controller_unpublish_credentials
field.
See “Secret to CSI Credential Encoding” section above for details on how secrets will be mapped to CSI credentials.
It is assumed that since PersistentVolume
objects are non-namespaced and CSIPersistentVolumeSource
can only be referenced via a PersistentVolume
, only trusted users (e.g. cluster administrators) should be able to create a PersistentVolume
objects and, thus, specify which secret to fetch.
The only Kubernetes component that needs access to this secret is the CSI external-attacher, which would fetch this secret. The permissions for the external-attacher may be limited to the specified (external-attacher specific) namespace to prevent a compromised attacher from gaining access to other secrets.
The CSI NodeStageVolume/NodeUnstageVolume calls are responsible for mounting (setup) and unmounting (teardown) volumes.
These calls are executed by the Kubernetes node agent (kubelet).
Credentials for these calls will be specified in the Kubernetes CSIPersistentVolumeSource
object.
type CSIPersistentVolumeSource struct {
// NodeStageSecretRef is a reference to the secret object containing sensitive
// information to pass to the CSI driver to complete the CSI NodeStageVolume
// and NodeStageVolume and NodeUnstageVolume calls.
// This secret will be fetched by the kubelet.
// This field is optional, and may be empty if no secret is required. If the
// secret object contains more than one secret, all secrets are passed.
// +optional
NodeStageSecretRef *SecretReference
}
If specified, the kubelet will fetch the Kubernetes secret referenced by NodeStageSecretRef
and pass it to:
1. The CSI NodeStageVolume
in the node_stage_credentials
field.
2. The CSI NodeUnstageVolume
in the node_unstage_credentials
field.
See “Secret to CSI Credential Encoding” section above for details on how secrets will be mapped to CSI credentials.
It is assumed that since PersistentVolume
objects are non-namespaced and CSIPersistentVolumeSource
can only be referenced via a PersistentVolume
, only trusted users (e.g. cluster administrators) should be able to create a PersistentVolume
objects and, thus, specify which secret to fetch.
The only Kubernetes component that needs access to this secret is the kubelet, which would fetch this secret. The permissions for the kubelet may be limited to the specified (kubelet specific) namespace to prevent a compromised attacher from gaining access to other secrets.
The Kubernetes API server’s node authorizer must be updated to allow kubelet to access the secrets referenced by CSIPersistentVolumeSource.NodeStageSecretRef
.
The CSI NodePublishVolume/NodeUnpublishVolume calls are responsible for mounting (setup) and unmounting (teardown) volumes.
These calls are executed by the Kubernetes node agent (kubelet).
Credentials for these calls will be specified in the Kubernetes CSIPersistentVolumeSource
object.
type CSIPersistentVolumeSource struct {
// NodePublishSecretRef is a reference to the secret object containing
// sensitive information to pass to the CSI driver to complete the CSI
// NodePublishVolume and NodeUnpublishVolume calls.
// This secret will be fetched by the kubelet.
// This field is optional, and may be empty if no secret is required. If the
// secret object contains more than one secret, all secrets are passed.
// +optional
NodePublishSecretRef *SecretReference
}
If specified, the kubelet will fetch the Kubernetes secret referenced by NodePublishSecretRef
and pass it to:
1. The CSI NodePublishVolume
in the node_publish_credentials
field.
2. The CSI NodeUnpublishVolume
in the node_unpublish_credentials
field.
See “Secret to CSI Credential Encoding” section above for details on how secrets will be mapped to CSI credentials.
It is assumed that since PersistentVolume
objects are non-namespaced and CSIPersistentVolumeSource
can only be referenced via a PersistentVolume
, only trusted users (e.g. cluster administrators) should be able to create a PersistentVolume
objects and, thus, specify which secret to fetch.
The only Kubernetes component that needs access to this secret is the kubelet, which would fetch this secret. The permissions for the kubelet may be limited to the specified (kubelet specific) namespace to prevent a compromised attacher from gaining access to other secrets.
The Kubernetes API server’s node authorizer must be updated to allow kubelet to access the secrets referenced by CSIPersistentVolumeSource.NodePublishSecretRef
.
Instead of creating a new VolumeAttachment
object, another option we considered was extending the existing PersistentVolume
object.
PersistentVolumeSpec
would be extended to include:
* List of nodes to attach the volume to (initially empty).
PersistentVolumeStatus
would be extended to include:
* List of nodes the volume was successfully attached to.
We dismissed this approach because having attach/detach triggered by the creation/deletion of an object is much easier to manage (for both external-attacher and Kubernetes) and more robust (fewer corner cases to worry about).


object Loading : ViewState<Nothing>
A class that represents the loading state and will contains Nothing Inherit from ViewState


Welcome to My First Web Page
This is a HTML page that I created in SublimeText.
Scrambled Eggs
Eggs are one of my favourite foods. Here is a recipe for deliciously rich scrambled eggs.
Ingredients
- Chop potatoes into quarters
- Simmer in salted water for 15-20 minutes until tender
- Heat milk, butter and nutmeg
- Drain potatoes and mash
- Mix in the milk mixture
Internet Movie Database
Film-Making Terms
Arc Shoot
Interlude
Prologue
Arc Shot
A shot in which the subject is photographed by an encircling or moving camera
Interlude
A brief, intervening film scene or sequence, not specifically tied to the plot, that appears within a film
Prologue
A speech, preface, introduction, or brief scene preceding the the main action or plot of a film; contrast to epilogue
Return to Top
|
Saturday |
Sunday |
| Tickets solds: |
120 |
135 |
| Total sales: |
$600 |
$675 |
- Sashimi
- Sliced raw fish that is served with condiments such as shredded daikon radish or ginger root, wasabi and soy sauce
- Scale
- A device used to accurately measure the weight of ingredients
- A technique by which the scales are removed from the skin of a fish
- Scamorze
- Scamorzo
- An Italian cheese usually made from whole cow's milk (although it was traditionally made from buffalo milk)


This is my pic
Hello there, awesome person!
This is a link to Google!
This is a link to yahoo!
This is a link to GitHub!
This is a link to youtube!


An exhibition at Noah's place
With work by Theo Terry, Marisa Kriangwiwat Holmes, Graeme Wahn, and Noah Friebel
04/05/2019 until 04/20/2019


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/116395-maths/topic/eigenvectors.20from.20eigenvalues.html ---
Paper: Eigenvectors from Eigenvalues, *Peter B. Denton, Stephen J. Parke, Terence Tao, Xining Zhang* (Submitted on 10 Aug 2019)
Abstract: We present a new method of succinctly determining eigenvectors from eigenvalues. Specifically, we relate the norm squared of the elements of eigenvectors to the eigenvalues and the submatrix eigenvalues.
Article: Neutrinos Lead to Unexpected Discovery in Basic Math, Quanta magazine
@Kevin Buzzard have you seen this before?
I saw it a few days ago. It has since been established that this result has been discovered several times before.
@Kevin Buzzard but it isn't widespread right
What do I know about hermitian matrices?
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


Package com.jme.math
Class Matrix4f
- java.lang.Object
-
- com.jme.math.Matrix4f
-
- All Implemented Interfaces:
Savable
,java.io.Serializable
,java.lang.Cloneable
public final class Matrix4f extends java.lang.Object implements Savable, java.lang.Cloneable, java.io.Serializable
Matrix4f
defines and maintains a 4x4 matrix in row major order. This matrix is intended for use in a translation and rotational capacity. It provides convenience methods for creating the matrix from a multitude of sources. Matrices are stored assuming column vectors on the right, with the translation in the rightmost column. Element numbering is row,column, so m03 is the zeroth row, third column, which is the "x" translation part. This means that the implicit storage order is column major. However, the get() and set() functions on float arrays default to row major order!- Author:
- Mark Powell, Joshua Slack
- See Also:
- Serialized Form
-
-
Constructor Summary
Constructors Constructor Description Matrix4f()
Constructor instantiates a newMatrix
that is set to the identity matrix.Matrix4f(float[] array)
Create a new Matrix4f, given data in column-major format.Matrix4f(float m00, float m01, float m02, float m03, float m10, float m11, float m12, float m13, float m20, float m21, float m22, float m23, float m30, float m31, float m32, float m33)
constructs a matrix with the given values.Matrix4f(Matrix4f mat)
Constructor instantiates a newMatrix
that is set to the provided matrix.
-
Method Summary
All Methods Instance Methods Concrete Methods Modifier and Type Method Description Matrix4f
add(Matrix4f mat)
void
addLocal(Matrix4f mat)
add
adds the values of a parameter matrix to this matrix.Matrix4f
adjoint()
Returns a new matrix representing the adjoint of this matrix.Matrix4f
adjoint(Matrix4f store)
Places the adjoint of this matrix in store (creates store if null.)void
angleRotation(Vector3f angles)
angleRotation
sets this matrix to that of a rotation about three axes (x, y, z).Matrix4f
clone()
void
copy(Matrix4f matrix)
copy
transfers the contents of a given matrix to this matrix.float
determinant()
determinant
generates the determinate of this matrix.boolean
equals(java.lang.Object o)
are these two matrices the same? they are is they both have the same mXX values.void
fillFloatArray(float[] f, boolean columnMajor)
java.nio.FloatBuffer
fillFloatBuffer(java.nio.FloatBuffer fb)
fillFloatBuffer
fills a FloatBuffer object with the matrix data.java.nio.FloatBuffer
fillFloatBuffer(java.nio.FloatBuffer fb, boolean columnMajor)
fillFloatBuffer
fills a FloatBuffer object with the matrix data.void
fromAngleAxis(float angle, Vector3f axis)
fromAngleAxis
sets this matrix4f to the values specified by an angle and an axis of rotation.void
fromAngleNormalAxis(float angle, Vector3f axis)
fromAngleNormalAxis
sets this matrix4f to the values specified by an angle and a normalized axis of rotation.void
fromFrame(Vector3f location, Vector3f direction, Vector3f up, Vector3f left)
void
fromFrustum(float near, float far, float left, float right, float top, float bottom, boolean parallel)
void
get(float[] matrix)
get
retrieves the values of this object into a float array in row-major order.void
get(float[] matrix, boolean rowMajor)
set
retrieves the values of this object into a float array.float
get(int i, int j)
get
retrieves a value from the matrix at the given position.float[]
getColumn(int i)
getColumn
returns one of three columns specified by the parameter.float[]
getColumn(int i, float[] store)
getColumn
returns one of three columns specified by the parameter.int
hashCode()
hashCode
returns the hash code value as an integer and is supported for the benefit of hashing based collection classes such as Hashtable, HashMap, HashSet etc.void
inverseRotateVect(Vector3f vec)
inverseRotateVect
rotates a given Vector3f by the rotation part of this matrix.void
inverseTranslateVect(float[] vec)
inverseTranslateVect
translates a given Vector3f by the translation part of this matrix.void
inverseTranslateVect(Vector3f data)
inverseTranslateVect
translates a given Vector3f by the translation part of this matrix.Matrix4f
invert()
Inverts this matrix as a new Matrix4f.Matrix4f
invert(Matrix4f store)
Inverts this matrix and stores it in the given store.Matrix4f
invertLocal()
Inverts this matrix locally.boolean
isIdentity()
void
loadIdentity()
loadIdentity
sets this matrix to the identity matrix, namely all zeros with ones along the diagonal.Matrix4f
mult(float scalar)
float[]
mult(float[] vec4f)
mult
multiplies an array of 4 floats against this rotation matrix.Matrix4f
mult(float scalar, Matrix4f store)
Matrix4f
mult(Matrix4f in2)
mult
multiplies this matrix with another matrix.Matrix4f
mult(Matrix4f in2, Matrix4f store)
mult
multiplies this matrix with another matrix.Quaternion
mult(Quaternion vec, Quaternion store)
mult
multiplies a quaternion about a matrix.Vector3f
mult(Vector3f vec)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix.Vector3f
mult(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix and adds translation.Vector4f
mult(Vector4f vec)
mult
multiplies aVector4f
about a rotation matrix.Vector4f
mult(Vector4f vec, Vector4f store)
mult
multiplies aVector4f
about a rotation matrix.float[]
multAcross(float[] vec4f)
mult
multiplies an array of 4 floats against this rotation matrix.Vector3f
multAcross(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix.Vector4f
multAcross(Vector4f vec)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix.Vector4f
multAcross(Vector4f vec, Vector4f store)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix.void
multLocal(float scalar)
mult
multiplies this matrix by a scalar.Matrix4f
multLocal(Matrix4f in2)
mult
multiplies this matrix with another matrix.void
multLocal(Quaternion rotation)
Vector3f
multNormal(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
multNormal
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix, but does not add translation.Vector3f
multNormalAcross(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
multNormal
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix, but does not add translation.float
multProj(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix and adds translation.void
read(JmeImporter e)
Matrix4f
readFloatBuffer(java.nio.FloatBuffer fb)
readFloatBuffer
reads value for this matrix from a FloatBuffer.Matrix4f
readFloatBuffer(java.nio.FloatBuffer fb, boolean columnMajor)
readFloatBuffer
reads value for this matrix from a FloatBuffer.void
rotateVect(Vector3f vec)
void
scale(Vector3f scale)
Apply a scale to this matrix.void
set(float[] matrix)
set
sets the values of this matrix from an array of values assuming that the data is rowMajor order;void
set(float[][] matrix)
set
sets the values of this matrix from an array of values.void
set(float[] matrix, boolean rowMajor)
set
sets the values of this matrix from an array of values;void
set(float m00, float m01, float m02, float m03, float m10, float m11, float m12, float m13, float m20, float m21, float m22, float m23, float m30, float m31, float m32, float m33)
Sets the values of this matrixvoid
set(int i, int j, float value)
set
places a given value into the matrix at the given position.Matrix4f
set(Matrix4f matrix)
set
sets the values of this matrix from another matrix.void
setColumn(int i, float[] column)
setColumn
sets a particular column of this matrix to that represented by the provided vector.void
setInverseRotationDegrees(float[] angles)
setInverseRotationDegrees
builds an inverted rotation from Euler angles that are in degrees.void
setInverseRotationRadians(float[] angles)
setInverseRotationRadians
builds an inverted rotation from Euler angles that are in radians.void
setInverseTranslation(float[] translation)
setInverseTranslation
will set the matrix's inverse translation values.void
setRotationQuaternion(Quaternion quat)
setRotationQuaternion
builds a rotation from aQuaternion
.void
setScale(float x, float y, float z)
Sets the scale.void
setScale(Vector3f scale)
Sets the scale.void
setTransform(Vector3f position, Vector3f scale, Matrix3f rotMat)
void
setTranslation(float[] translation)
setTranslation
will set the matrix's translation values.void
setTranslation(float x, float y, float z)
setTranslation
will set the matrix's translation values.void
setTranslation(Vector3f translation)
setTranslation
will set the matrix's translation values.java.nio.FloatBuffer
toFloatBuffer()
toFloatBuffer
returns a FloatBuffer object that contains the matrix data.java.nio.FloatBuffer
toFloatBuffer(boolean columnMajor)
toFloatBuffer
returns a FloatBuffer object that contains the matrix data.Matrix3f
toRotationMatrix()
void
toRotationMatrix(Matrix3f mat)
Quaternion
toRotationQuat()
Quaternion
toRotationQuat(Quaternion q)
Vector3f
toScaleVector()
Retrieves the scale vector from the matrix.Vector3f
toScaleVector(Vector3f store)
Retrieves the scale vector from the matrix and stores it into a given vector.java.lang.String
toString()
toString
returns the string representation of this object.Vector3f
toTranslationVector()
Vector3f
toTranslationVector(Vector3f vector)
void
translateVect(Vector3f data)
inverseTranslateVect
translates a given Vector3f by the translation part of this matrix.Matrix4f
transpose()
Matrix4f
transposeLocal()
transpose
locally transposes this Matrix.void
write(JmeExporter e)
Matrix4f
zero()
Sets all of the values in this matrix to zero.
-
-
-
Field Detail
-
m00
public float m00
-
m01
public float m01
-
m02
public float m02
-
m03
public float m03
-
m10
public float m10
-
m11
public float m11
-
m12
public float m12
-
m13
public float m13
-
m20
public float m20
-
m21
public float m21
-
m22
public float m22
-
m23
public float m23
-
m30
public float m30
-
m31
public float m31
-
m32
public float m32
-
m33
public float m33
-
ZERO
public static final Matrix4f ZERO
-
IDENTITY
public static final Matrix4f IDENTITY
-
-
Constructor Detail
-
Matrix4f
public Matrix4f()
Constructor instantiates a newMatrix
that is set to the identity matrix.
-
Matrix4f
public Matrix4f(float m00, float m01, float m02, float m03, float m10, float m11, float m12, float m13, float m20, float m21, float m22, float m23, float m30, float m31, float m32, float m33)
constructs a matrix with the given values.
-
Matrix4f
public Matrix4f(float[] array)
Create a new Matrix4f, given data in column-major format.- Parameters:
array
- An array of 16 floats in column-major format (translation in elements 12, 13 and 14).
-
Matrix4f
public Matrix4f(Matrix4f mat)
Constructor instantiates a newMatrix
that is set to the provided matrix. This constructor copies a given Matrix. If the provided matrix is null, the constructor sets the matrix to the identity.- Parameters:
mat
- the matrix to copy.
-
-
Method Detail
-
copy
public void copy(Matrix4f matrix)
copy
transfers the contents of a given matrix to this matrix. If a null matrix is supplied, this matrix is set to the identity matrix.- Parameters:
matrix
- the matrix to copy.
-
get
public void get(float[] matrix)
get
retrieves the values of this object into a float array in row-major order.- Parameters:
matrix
- the matrix to set the values into.
-
get
public void get(float[] matrix, boolean rowMajor)
set
retrieves the values of this object into a float array.- Parameters:
matrix
- the matrix to set the values into.rowMajor
- whether the outgoing data is in row or column major order.
-
get
public float get(int i, int j)
get
retrieves a value from the matrix at the given position. If the position is invalid aJmeException
is thrown.- Parameters:
i
- the row index.j
- the colum index.- Returns:
- the value at (i, j).
-
getColumn
public float[] getColumn(int i)
getColumn
returns one of three columns specified by the parameter. This column is returned as a float array of length 4.- Parameters:
i
- the column to retrieve. Must be between 0 and 3.- Returns:
- the column specified by the index.
-
getColumn
public float[] getColumn(int i, float[] store)
getColumn
returns one of three columns specified by the parameter. This column is returned as a float[4].- Parameters:
i
- the column to retrieve. Must be between 0 and 3.store
- the float array to store the result in. if null, a new one is created.- Returns:
- the column specified by the index.
-
setColumn
public void setColumn(int i, float[] column)
setColumn
sets a particular column of this matrix to that represented by the provided vector.- Parameters:
i
- the column to set.column
- the data to set.
-
set
public void set(int i, int j, float value)
set
places a given value into the matrix at the given position. If the position is invalid aJmeException
is thrown.- Parameters:
i
- the row index.j
- the colum index.value
- the value for (i, j).
-
set
public void set(float[][] matrix)
set
sets the values of this matrix from an array of values.- Parameters:
matrix
- the matrix to set the value to.- Throws:
JmeException
- if the array is not of size 16.
-
set
public void set(float m00, float m01, float m02, float m03, float m10, float m11, float m12, float m13, float m20, float m21, float m22, float m23, float m30, float m31, float m32, float m33)
Sets the values of this matrix
-
set
public Matrix4f set(Matrix4f matrix)
set
sets the values of this matrix from another matrix.- Parameters:
matrix
- the matrix to read the value from.
-
set
public void set(float[] matrix)
set
sets the values of this matrix from an array of values assuming that the data is rowMajor order;- Parameters:
matrix
- the matrix to set the value to.
-
set
public void set(float[] matrix, boolean rowMajor)
set
sets the values of this matrix from an array of values;- Parameters:
matrix
- the matrix to set the value to.rowMajor
- whether the incoming data is in row or column major order.
-
transpose
public Matrix4f transpose()
-
transposeLocal
public Matrix4f transposeLocal()
transpose
locally transposes this Matrix.- Returns:
- this object for chaining.
-
toFloatBuffer
public java.nio.FloatBuffer toFloatBuffer()
toFloatBuffer
returns a FloatBuffer object that contains the matrix data.- Returns:
- matrix data as a FloatBuffer.
-
toFloatBuffer
public java.nio.FloatBuffer toFloatBuffer(boolean columnMajor)
toFloatBuffer
returns a FloatBuffer object that contains the matrix data.- Parameters:
columnMajor
- if true, this buffer should be filled with column major data, otherwise it will be filled row major.- Returns:
- matrix data as a FloatBuffer. The position is set to 0 for convenience.
-
fillFloatBuffer
public java.nio.FloatBuffer fillFloatBuffer(java.nio.FloatBuffer fb)
fillFloatBuffer
fills a FloatBuffer object with the matrix data.- Parameters:
fb
- the buffer to fill, must be correct size- Returns:
- matrix data as a FloatBuffer.
-
fillFloatBuffer
public java.nio.FloatBuffer fillFloatBuffer(java.nio.FloatBuffer fb, boolean columnMajor)
fillFloatBuffer
fills a FloatBuffer object with the matrix data.- Parameters:
fb
- the buffer to fill, starting at current position. Must have room for 16 more floats.columnMajor
- if true, this buffer should be filled with column major data, otherwise it will be filled row major.- Returns:
- matrix data as a FloatBuffer. (position is advanced by 16 and any limit set is not changed).
-
fillFloatArray
public void fillFloatArray(float[] f, boolean columnMajor)
-
readFloatBuffer
public Matrix4f readFloatBuffer(java.nio.FloatBuffer fb)
readFloatBuffer
reads value for this matrix from a FloatBuffer.- Parameters:
fb
- the buffer to read from, must be correct size- Returns:
- this data as a FloatBuffer.
-
readFloatBuffer
public Matrix4f readFloatBuffer(java.nio.FloatBuffer fb, boolean columnMajor)
readFloatBuffer
reads value for this matrix from a FloatBuffer.- Parameters:
fb
- the buffer to read from, must be correct sizecolumnMajor
- if true, this buffer should be filled with column major data, otherwise it will be filled row major.- Returns:
- this data as a FloatBuffer.
-
loadIdentity
public void loadIdentity()
loadIdentity
sets this matrix to the identity matrix, namely all zeros with ones along the diagonal.
-
fromFrustum
public void fromFrustum(float near, float far, float left, float right, float top, float bottom, boolean parallel)
-
fromAngleAxis
public void fromAngleAxis(float angle, Vector3f axis)
fromAngleAxis
sets this matrix4f to the values specified by an angle and an axis of rotation. This method creates an object, so use fromAngleNormalAxis if your axis is already normalized.- Parameters:
angle
- the angle to rotate (in radians).axis
- the axis of rotation.
-
fromAngleNormalAxis
public void fromAngleNormalAxis(float angle, Vector3f axis)
fromAngleNormalAxis
sets this matrix4f to the values specified by an angle and a normalized axis of rotation.- Parameters:
angle
- the angle to rotate (in radians).axis
- the axis of rotation (already normalized).
-
multLocal
public void multLocal(float scalar)
mult
multiplies this matrix by a scalar.- Parameters:
scalar
- the scalar to multiply this matrix by.
-
mult
public Matrix4f mult(float scalar)
-
mult
public Matrix4f mult(Matrix4f in2)
mult
multiplies this matrix with another matrix. The result matrix will then be returned. This matrix will be on the left hand side, while the parameter matrix will be on the right.- Parameters:
in2
- the matrix to multiply this matrix by.- Returns:
- the resultant matrix
-
mult
public Matrix4f mult(Matrix4f in2, Matrix4f store)
mult
multiplies this matrix with another matrix. The result matrix will then be returned. This matrix will be on the left hand side, while the parameter matrix will be on the right.- Parameters:
in2
- the matrix to multiply this matrix by.store
- where to store the result. It is safe for in2 and store to be the same object.- Returns:
- the resultant matrix
-
multLocal
public Matrix4f multLocal(Matrix4f in2)
mult
multiplies this matrix with another matrix. The results are stored internally and a handle to this matrix will then be returned. This matrix will be on the left hand side, while the parameter matrix will be on the right.- Parameters:
in2
- the matrix to multiply this matrix by.- Returns:
- the resultant matrix
-
mult
public Vector3f mult(Vector3f vec)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix. The resulting vector is returned as a new Vector3f.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
mult
public Vector3f mult(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix and adds translation. The resulting vector is returned.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.store
- a vector to store the result in. Created if null is passed.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
mult
public Vector4f mult(Vector4f vec)
mult
multiplies aVector4f
about a rotation matrix. The resulting vector is returned as a newVector4f
.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
mult
public Vector4f mult(Vector4f vec, Vector4f store)
mult
multiplies aVector4f
about a rotation matrix. The resulting vector is returned.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.store
- a vector to store the result in. Created if null is passed.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
multAcross
public Vector4f multAcross(Vector4f vec)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix. The resulting vector is returned.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
multAcross
public Vector4f multAcross(Vector4f vec, Vector4f store)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix. The resulting vector is returned.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.store
- a vector to store the result in. created if null is passed.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
multNormal
public Vector3f multNormal(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
multNormal
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix, but does not add translation. The resulting vector is returned.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.store
- a vector to store the result in. Created if null is passed.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
multNormalAcross
public Vector3f multNormalAcross(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
multNormal
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix, but does not add translation. The resulting vector is returned.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.store
- a vector to store the result in. Created if null is passed.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
multProj
public float multProj(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix and adds translation. The w value is returned as a result of multiplying the last column of the matrix by 1.0- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.store
- a vector to store the result in.- Returns:
- the W value
-
multAcross
public Vector3f multAcross(Vector3f vec, Vector3f store)
mult
multiplies a vector about a rotation matrix. The resulting vector is returned.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.store
- a vector to store the result in. created if null is passed.- Returns:
- the rotated vector.
-
mult
public Quaternion mult(Quaternion vec, Quaternion store)
mult
multiplies a quaternion about a matrix. The resulting vector is returned.- Parameters:
vec
- vec to multiply against.store
- a quaternion to store the result in. created if null is passed.- Returns:
- store = this * vec
-
mult
public float[] mult(float[] vec4f)
mult
multiplies an array of 4 floats against this rotation matrix. The results are stored directly in the array. (vec4f x mat4f)- Parameters:
vec4f
- float array (size 4) to multiply against the matrix.- Returns:
- the vec4f for chaining.
-
multAcross
public float[] multAcross(float[] vec4f)
mult
multiplies an array of 4 floats against this rotation matrix. The results are stored directly in the array. (vec4f x mat4f)- Parameters:
vec4f
- float array (size 4) to multiply against the matrix.- Returns:
- the vec4f for chaining.
-
invert
public Matrix4f invert()
Inverts this matrix as a new Matrix4f.- Returns:
- The new inverse matrix
-
invert
public Matrix4f invert(Matrix4f store)
Inverts this matrix and stores it in the given store.- Returns:
- The store
-
invertLocal
public Matrix4f invertLocal()
Inverts this matrix locally.- Returns:
- this
-
adjoint
public Matrix4f adjoint()
Returns a new matrix representing the adjoint of this matrix.- Returns:
- The adjoint matrix
-
adjoint
public Matrix4f adjoint(Matrix4f store)
Places the adjoint of this matrix in store (creates store if null.)- Parameters:
store
- The matrix to store the result in. If null, a new matrix is created.- Returns:
- store
-
determinant
public float determinant()
determinant
generates the determinate of this matrix.- Returns:
- the determinate
-
zero
public Matrix4f zero()
Sets all of the values in this matrix to zero.- Returns:
- this matrix
-
addLocal
public void addLocal(Matrix4f mat)
add
adds the values of a parameter matrix to this matrix.- Parameters:
mat
- the matrix to add to this.
-
toTranslationVector
public Vector3f toTranslationVector()
-
toRotationQuat
public Quaternion toRotationQuat()
-
toRotationQuat
public Quaternion toRotationQuat(Quaternion q)
-
toRotationMatrix
public Matrix3f toRotationMatrix()
-
toRotationMatrix
public void toRotationMatrix(Matrix3f mat)
-
toScaleVector
public Vector3f toScaleVector()
Retrieves the scale vector from the matrix.- Returns:
- the scale vector
-
toScaleVector
public Vector3f toScaleVector(Vector3f store)
Retrieves the scale vector from the matrix and stores it into a given vector.- Parameters:
store
- the vector where the scale will be stored- Returns:
- the store vector
-
setScale
public void setScale(float x, float y, float z)
Sets the scale.- Parameters:
x
- the X scaley
- the Y scalez
- the Z scale
-
setScale
public void setScale(Vector3f scale)
Sets the scale.- Parameters:
scale
- the scale vector to set
-
setTranslation
public void setTranslation(float[] translation)
setTranslation
will set the matrix's translation values.- Parameters:
translation
- the new values for the translation.- Throws:
JmeException
- if translation is not size 3.
-
setTranslation
public void setTranslation(float x, float y, float z)
setTranslation
will set the matrix's translation values.- Parameters:
x
- value of the translation on the x axisy
- value of the translation on the y axisz
- value of the translation on the z axis
-
setTranslation
public void setTranslation(Vector3f translation)
setTranslation
will set the matrix's translation values.- Parameters:
translation
- the new values for the translation.
-
setInverseTranslation
public void setInverseTranslation(float[] translation)
setInverseTranslation
will set the matrix's inverse translation values.- Parameters:
translation
- the new values for the inverse translation.- Throws:
JmeException
- if translation is not size 3.
-
angleRotation
public void angleRotation(Vector3f angles)
angleRotation
sets this matrix to that of a rotation about three axes (x, y, z). Where each axis has a specified rotation in degrees. These rotations are expressed in a singleVector3f
object.- Parameters:
angles
- the angles to rotate.
-
setRotationQuaternion
public void setRotationQuaternion(Quaternion quat)
setRotationQuaternion
builds a rotation from aQuaternion
.- Parameters:
quat
- the quaternion to build the rotation from.- Throws:
java.lang.NullPointerException
- if quat is null.
-
setInverseRotationRadians
public void setInverseRotationRadians(float[] angles)
setInverseRotationRadians
builds an inverted rotation from Euler angles that are in radians.- Parameters:
angles
- the Euler angles in radians.- Throws:
JmeException
- if angles is not size 3.
-
setInverseRotationDegrees
public void setInverseRotationDegrees(float[] angles)
setInverseRotationDegrees
builds an inverted rotation from Euler angles that are in degrees.- Parameters:
angles
- the Euler angles in degrees.- Throws:
JmeException
- if angles is not size 3.
-
inverseTranslateVect
public void inverseTranslateVect(float[] vec)
inverseTranslateVect
translates a given Vector3f by the translation part of this matrix.- Parameters:
vec
- the Vector3f data to be translated.- Throws:
JmeException
- if the size of the Vector3f is not 3.
-
inverseTranslateVect
public void inverseTranslateVect(Vector3f data)
inverseTranslateVect
translates a given Vector3f by the translation part of this matrix.- Parameters:
data
- the Vector3f to be translated.- Throws:
JmeException
- if the size of the Vector3f is not 3.
-
translateVect
public void translateVect(Vector3f data)
inverseTranslateVect
translates a given Vector3f by the translation part of this matrix.- Parameters:
data
- the Vector3f to be translated.- Throws:
JmeException
- if the size of the Vector3f is not 3.
-
inverseRotateVect
public void inverseRotateVect(Vector3f vec)
inverseRotateVect
rotates a given Vector3f by the rotation part of this matrix.- Parameters:
vec
- the Vector3f to be rotated.
-
rotateVect
public void rotateVect(Vector3f vec)
-
toString
public java.lang.String toString()
toString
returns the string representation of this object. It is in a format of a 4x4 matrix. For example, an identity matrix would be represented by the following string. com.jme.math.Matrix3f
[
1.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 1.0 0.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 1.0 0.0
0.0 0.0 0.0 1.0
]- Overrides:
toString
in classjava.lang.Object
- Returns:
- the string representation of this object.
-
hashCode
public int hashCode()
hashCode
returns the hash code value as an integer and is supported for the benefit of hashing based collection classes such as Hashtable, HashMap, HashSet etc.- Overrides:
hashCode
in classjava.lang.Object
- Returns:
- the hashcode for this instance of Matrix4f.
- See Also:
Object.hashCode()
-
equals
public boolean equals(java.lang.Object o)
are these two matrices the same? they are is they both have the same mXX values.- Overrides:
equals
in classjava.lang.Object
- Parameters:
o
- the object to compare for equality- Returns:
- true if they are equal
-
write
public void write(JmeExporter e) throws java.io.IOException
-
read
public void read(JmeImporter e) throws java.io.IOException
-
isIdentity
public boolean isIdentity()
- Returns:
- true if this matrix is identity
-
scale
public void scale(Vector3f scale)
Apply a scale to this matrix.- Parameters:
scale
- the scale to apply
-
multLocal
public void multLocal(Quaternion rotation)
-
clone
public Matrix4f clone()
- Overrides:
clone
in classjava.lang.Object
-
-


ElViS-Simulator
Examples
Input
For systems that contain a force generator the external stimulus is disabled.


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1971
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Aguner Poroshmoni | 1995 | Humayun Ahmed | Bangladesh | The Touchstone of Fire Aguner Poroshmoni |
Humayun Ahmed | 198? | Novel |
| Shyamol Chhaya | 2004 | Humayun Ahmed | Bangladesh | The Green Shade Shyamol Chhaya |
Humayun Ahmed | 1973 | Novel |
1971
4–5 December 1971
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Border | 1997 | J. P. Dutta | India | Diary | J. P. Dutta | 1971 | Diaries |
1973
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kippur | 2000 | Amos Gitai | Israel | One-Dimensional Man (uncredited) | Herbert Marcuse ♠ (uncredited) | 1964 | Non-fiction |
| Ayam El-Sadat | 2001 | Mohamed Khan | Egypt | In Search of Identity: An Autobiography | Anwar Sadat[23] | 1978 | Autobiography |
1975
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Balibo | 2009 | Robert Connolly | Australia | Cover-Up: The inside story of the Balibo Five | Jill Jolliffe | 2001 | Non-fiction |
1975–1982
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| The Circle of Deceit/Die Fälschung | 1981 | Volker Schlöndorff | France & West Germany | The Deception Die Fälschung |
Nicolas Born | 1979 | Novel |
| Karol: The Pope, The Man * | 2006 | Giacomo Battiato | Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Canada | Stories of Karol: The Unknown Life of Pope John Paul II | Gian Franco Svidercoschi | 2001 | Non-fiction |
1976
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rise and Fall of Idi Amin | 1981 | Sharad Patel | UK | The White Pumpkin | Denis Hills | 1976 | Non-fiction |
| The Last King of Scotland | 2006 | Kevin Macdonald | UK | The Last King of Scotland [45][46][47][48] |
Giles Foden | 1998 | Novel |
1976–1983
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jacobo Timerman: Prisoner Without a Name, Cell Without a Number * | 1983 | Linda Yellen | US | Prisoner Without a Name, Cell Without a Number[49][50] | Jacobo Timerman | 1981 | Memoir |
| Funny Dirty Little War | 1983 | Héctor Olivera | Argentina | No habrá más penas ni olvido | Osvaldo Soriano | 1979 | Novel |
| Night of the Pencils | 1986 | Héctor Olivera | Argentina | La noche de los lápices | María Seoane & Héctor Ruiz Núñez | 198? | Non-fiction |
| Verónico Cruz La deuda interna |
1988 | Miguel Pereira | Argentina & UK | Costumbres, Poemas y Regionalismos[51] | Fortunato Ramos | 198? | Memoir[52] |
| Imagining Argentina | 2003 | Christopher Hampton | Spain, UK, US | Imagining Argentina | Lawrence Thornton | 1987 | Novel |
| Chronicle of an Escape Crónica de una fuga |
2006 | Israel Adrián Caetano | Argentina | Pase libre: la fuga de la Mansión Seré | Claudio Tamburrini | 200? | Novel/ Memoir |
1978
18 May 1978
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Military Coup in Kolwezi La légion saute sur Kolwezi |
1980 | Raoul Coutard | France | La Légion saute sur Kolwezi : Opération Léopard | Capitaine Pierre Sergent |
1978 | Non-fiction |
1978–1979
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rise and Fall of Idi Amin | 1981 | Sharad Patel | UK | The White Pumpkin (uncredited) | Denis Hills ♠ (uncredited) | 1976 | Non-fiction |
1978–1979
1979–1990
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karol: The Pope, The Man ** | 2006 | Giacomo Battiato | Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Canada | Stories of Karol: The Unknown Life of Pope John Paul II | Gian Franco Svidercoschi | 2001 | Non-fiction |
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guts and Glory: The Rise and Fall of Oliver North * | 1989 | Mike Robe | US | Guts and Glory: The Rise and Fall of Oliver North (?) | Ben Bradlee Jr. | 198? | Non-fiction |
1978–1989
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Charlie Wilson's War | 2007 | Mike Nichols | US | Charlie Wilson's War: The Extraordinary Story of the Largest Covert Operation in History | George Crile | 2003 | Non-fiction |
| The Kite Runner | 2007 | Marc Forster | US | The Kite Runner | Khaled Hosseini | 2003 | Novel |
1979
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Persepolis α | 2007 | Vincent Paronnaud & Marjane Satrapi |
France & US | Persepolis | Marjane Satrapi | 2000–2003 | Memoir/ Graphic novel |
| House of Saddam ** | 2008 | Alex Holmes & Jim O'Hanlon |
UK & US | Saddam Hussein: The Politics of Revenge[53] (uncredited) | Said Aburish ♠ | 1999 | Non-fiction |
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Escape from Iran: The Canadian Caper * | 1981 | Lamont Johnson | Canada & US | The Canadian Caper (uncredited) | Jean Pelletier ♠ & Claude Adams (both uncredited) |
1981[54]¤ | Non-fiction/ Memoir |
May 1980
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| White Badge | 1992 | Chung Ji-young | South Korea | White Badge: a novel of Korea | Ahn Junghyo (An Chŏng-hyo) |
1989[1] | Novel |
| A Petal | 1994 | Jang Sun-woo | South Korea | There a Petal Silently Falls | Ch'oe Yun | 1988 | Short Story |
1980–1988
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| House of Saddam ** | 2008 | Alex Holmes & Jim O'Hanlon |
UK & US | Saddam Hussein: The Politics of Revenge[53] (uncredited) | Said Aburish ♠ | 1999 | Non-fiction |
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Guts and Glory: The Rise and Fall of Oliver North * | 1989 | Mike Robe | US | Guts and Glory: The Rise and Fall of Oliver North (?) | Ben Bradlee Jr. | 198? | Non-fiction |
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Persepolis α | 2007 | Vincent Paronnaud & Marjane Satrapi |
France & US | Persepolis | Marjane Satrapi | 2000–2003 | Memoir/ Graphic novel |
1980–1992
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Salvador | 1986 | Oliver Stone | US | The Flower of the Dragon: the Breakdown of the U.S. Army in Vietnam[56][57] (uncredited) | Richard Boyle (uncredited) | 1972[1]¤ | Non-fiction |
| Karol: The Pope, The Man * | 2006 | Giacomo Battiato | Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Canada | Stories of Karol: The Unknown Life of Pope John Paul II | Gian Franco Svidercoschi | 2001 | Non-fiction |
1982
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Resurrected | 1989 | Paul Greengrass | UK | Summer Soldier | Philip Williams & M. S. Power | 1990 | Memoir |
| Blessed by Fire Iluminados por el fuego |
2005 | Tristán Bauer | Argentina | Iluminados por el fuego: confesiones de un soldado que combatió en Malvinas ♠ | Edgardo Esteban with Gustavo Romero Borri | 1993[1] | Non-fiction |
13–14 June 1982
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumbledown * | 1988 | Richard Eyre | UK | When the Fighting Is Over: A Personal Story of the Battle for Tumbledown Mountain and Its Aftermath | John Lawrence & Robert Lawrence | 198? | Memoir |
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Verónico Cruz La deuda interna |
1988 | Miguel Pereira | Argentina & UK | Costumbres, Poemas y Regionalismos[51] | Fortunato Ramos | 198? | Memoir[52] |
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Tumbledown * | 1988 | Richard Eyre | UK | When the Fighting Is Over: A Personal Story of the Battle for Tumbledown Mountain and Its Aftermath | John Lawrence & Robert Lawrence | 198? | Memoir |
| Blessed by Fire Iluminados por el fuego |
2005 | Tristán Bauer | Argentina | Iluminados por el fuego: confesiones de un soldado que combatió en Malvinas | Edgardo Esteban with Gustavo Romero Borri | 1993[1] | Non-fiction |
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Blessed by Fire Iluminados por el fuego |
2005 | Tristán Bauer | Argentina | Iluminados por el fuego: confesiones de un soldado que combatió en Malvinas | Edgardo Esteban with Gustavo Romero Borri | 1993[1] | Non-fiction |
1982–1985
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Beaufort בופור |
2007 | Joseph Cedar | Israel | Beaufort | Ron Leshem | 2005 | Novel |
| Waltz with Bashir † α | 2008 | Ari Folman | Israel | Waltz with Bashir: A Lebanon War Story ◊ | Ari Folman & David Polonsky |
2009 | Memoir/ Graphic novel |
16 September 1982
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Waltz with Bashir | 2008 | Ari Folman | Israel | Waltz with Bashir: A Lebanon War Story | Ari Folman & David Polonsky |
2009 | Memoir/ Graphic novel |
1987–2009
| Film | Date | Director | Country | Source work |
Author | Date | Type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Karol: The Pope, The Man * | 2006 | Giacomo Battiato | Poland, Italy, France, Germany, Canada | Stories of Karol: The Unknown Life of Pope John Paul II | Gian Franco Svidercoschi | 2001 | Non-fiction |
| Machine Gun Preacher | 2012 | Marc Forster | US | Another Man's War: The True Story of One Man's Battle to Save Children in the Sudan | Sam Childers | 2009 | Memoir |
1989–1990