by V.V.R. Raj Satyen
There is always a perspective which we believe, why candidates go negative against their opponents? The simple answer is because it works. Negative ads create fear, doubt and uncertainty about an opponent. We believe that negative campaign ads are more memorable than positives ones, and campaign sustainability and politics believe in their power. The brand reputation is also built in the system. Mr.V.V.R.Raj Satyen’s team are geared with know how knowledge on how the campaigns to be evaluated and modified.
The media and political strategist works closely on the issues of the candidate and creates the data. Which in turn worked on to promote aggressive or in a subtle campaign. The brand reputation is created with various software, which are used efficiently and the data is stored and effectively used.
Read Moreby V.V.R. Raj Satyen
Tamilnadu Basketball Association or TNBA is the governing and controlling body of basketball in Tamilnadu, and is responsible for the development and promotion of the sport at all levels in the state.TNBA is affiliated to BFI (Basketball Federation of India), TNOA (Tamilnadu Olympic Association) and is recognised by SDAT (Sports Development Authority of Tamilnadu).
Read Moreby V.V.R. Raj Satyen
Mr.Raj Satyen, president, TamilNadu Rugby Football Union said, “The Government of TamilNadu and SDAT have been continuously supporting various International and National sporting events and disciplines in the state. With such International Tournaments and support from Asia Rugby India, Rugby in TamilNadu will grow exponentially in the coming years.
Read MoreV.V.R. Raj Satyen has formed ConsoTree with the support of experts and elites of Madurai;ConsoTree is a robust social enterprise platform designed not-profit (NPO).


The children of the node. By default is determined by 'node.data.children', unless stated otherwise in the options
The context that was given in the options object.
Pointer to the original data.
The value of the node's field that is used for displaying its content. By default 'name', unless stated otherwise in the options
Pointer to the ElementRef of the TreeNodeComponent that's displaying this node
A unique key of this node among its siblings. By default it's the 'id' of the original node, unless stated otherwise in options.idField
Level in the tree (starts from 1).
Parent node
Path in the tree: Array of IDs.
Blur (unfocus) the node
Collapses the node
Expands all ancestors of the node
Expands the node
Finds the visually next node in the tree.
whether to look for children or just siblings
next node.
next sibling (or null)
Finds the visually previous node in the tree.
previous node.
previous sibling (or null)
Fire an event to the renderer of the tree (if it was registered)
Focus on the node
first child (or null)
last child (or null)
Scroll the screen to make the node visible
Activates / Deactivates the node (selects / deselects)
Expands / Collapses the node
Generated using TypeDoc
This is the interface of a single Tree Node


In this tutorial you will learn how to create an organizational menu structure for your tutorials by completing the following steps:
You will build a menu structure around the tutorial created during the second tutorial of this workshop: 2. Using the Tutorial Template. If you have not already completed the tutorial, please do so before continuing.


Sidebar is a clean, simple theme from the creators of Respond. It features a simple Bootstrap-based layout, a dynamic slide-out menu, and support for all the built-in widgets that ship with Triangulate. The slide-out menu in Sidebar is the hallmark of the experience. It uses CSS3 animations to animate the menu icon and a smooth transition to slide it from the side.


|
Name
|
Type
|
Description
|
| biosInfo | HostBIOSInfo |
Information about the system BIOS
Since VI API 2.5
|
| cpuFeature | HostCpuIdInfo[] |
CPU feature set that is supported by the hardware. This is the
intersection of the feature sets supported by the individual CPU
packages. This feature set is modified by the
supportedCpuFeature
array in the host capabilities to obtain the feature set supported by
the virtualization platform.
|
| cpuInfo | HostCpuInfo |
Overall CPU information.
|
| cpuPkg | HostCpuPackage[] |
Information about each of the physical CPU packages on the host.
|
| cpuPowerManagementInfo | HostCpuPowerManagementInfo |
Since vSphere API 4.0
|
| memorySize | xsd:long |
Total amount of physical memory on the host in bytes.
|
| numaInfo | HostNumaInfo |
Information about the NUMA (non-uniform memory access).
|
| pciDevice | HostPciDevice[] |
The list of Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) devices
available on this host.
|
| persistentMemoryInfo | HostPersistentMemoryInfo |
Persistent memory configuration on this host.
Since vSphere API 6.7
|
| reliableMemoryInfo | HostReliableMemoryInfo |
Information about reliable memory.
Since vSphere API 5.5
|
| smcPresent | xsd:boolean |
Presence of System Management Controller, indicates the host is
Apple hardware, and thus capable of running Mac OS guest as VM.
Since vSphere API 5.0
|
| systemInfo | HostSystemInfo |
Information about the system as a whole.
|
|
Properties inherited from DynamicData |
| None |


--- title: Conkeror category: Hidden order: 135 ---
To add DuckDuckGo to the Conkeror browser, use this Webjump.


Patient: 54 years old (DOB: 16/02/1967), female
Admitted: 01/05/2021, 13:40
All Current Tasks
Add
Additional Notes: GL is currently on her week 2 of prednisone taper.
John (Pharmacist)
Patient: 54 years old (DOB: 16/02/1967), female
Admitted: 01/05/2021, 13:40
Additional Notes: GL is currently on her week 2 of prednisone taper.


Counterpart
Counterpart is about a mysterious world hidden beneath the surface of our everyday existence. Howard Silk is a lowly cog in the bureaucratic machinery of a Berlin-based United Nations spy agency. When Howard discovers that his organization safeguards the secret of a crossing into a parallel dimension, he is thrust into a shadow world of intrigue, danger, and double cross… where the only man he can trust is his near-identical counterpart from this parallel world. The show explores themes of identity, fate and lost love, posing the eternal question, "what if our lives could have been different?"


This was my first html project and first repository. This was used to test basic git, and html.
This was another very basic html page Kat and I created to test out and learn unordered lists in html.
We created this site in html to practice lists and headers.
Another basic html site Kat and I made for her cat to try out css, second pages, and styling.
This was just a test site and repo Nick and I made to test a few things and get a better understanding of branching in html.
We made this site to practice branching in html. We made a few changes and eventually merged the branch we liked back into our gh-pages folder.
This was another basic site showing our favotire things. We have a few other pages linked and used html and css.
This project was our big project for Wednesday. We used div's, id's a sidebar, and made this animal shelter site reponsive. This was built using css and html.
**This has been my favorite project we have worked on so far
We used this site to experiment with columns. We used HTML and CSS.
We used basic html and css here to try out div's.
Here is a sample resume I created to further explore div's and classes using basic html and css.
We created this site for four of The Beatles'albums. We worked on adding images and styling in css and used html.
Another basic site Aubrey and I created to test out div's with images while referencing our style sheet in css. We also used html.
This site was very similar to "Boring Lecture." It was created to test out div's with images while referencing our style sheet in css. We also used html.
This site showed everything we have learned/covered during the first week. We started using columns and rows to display the daily activites. We also started using bootstrap along with css and html.
This site was really helpful because we started playing around with bootstrap along with css and html.
This site was supposed to replicate Wikipedia's Homepage but we were on a bit of a time crunch, so we were unable to finalize this one. We used bootstrap, css and html.


Career framework plugin
Self Calibration Tool
Tailormade Content
Career Framework
Talent @ IBM
PFF
PBC
Powered by Bluemix


This is a simple calculator that estimates CoViD-19 figures from different parametres.
I am attempting to help the society at large and its leaders prepare for the real big problem of CoViD-19, which is its impact on lives, health systems, supply chains, and the economy.
Some of the parametres I try to analyse arise from factors including:


About Me
In this page, you will see some of my projects and work that I have created during my time at Year Up
"Watch Mohamad the emerging professional" Mohamad The Emerging professional
Sales And Marketing Specialist & Year-Up Software and Development Student
Hi, my name is Mohamad Ouf, I'm a self-motivating person, problem solver, and a fast learner that is able to tackle any challenges with the knowledge that I have. Always trying to get creative ideas and think outside the box. Also skilled as a Business and Marketing Planner who worked in feasibility studies, Digital Marketing & an Aspiring Jr. Software Developer. About my personal life, GOT and Breaking Bad are my favorites, no doubt about that.  Proudly Egyptian/American.
The HTML/CSS comes from Sara Newman's WEB110 class as taught at Seattle Central. This page provides a basis for students to build a responsive portal page.
Copyright [2014-2020] [Sara Newman]. Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0


--- layout: data_model title: ClusterEdgeNodePairType this_version: 4.1 ---
The ClusterEdgeNodePairType captures a single edge-node pair in a malware cluster, which is composed of the two Malware Subjects that correspond to the nodes connected to the edge (via references), and represents the similarity index between the two Malware Subjects.
| Field Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| @similarity_indexoptional | decimal |
The similarity_index field specifies the similarity index between the two Malware Subjects being referenced (indicating how similar they are), as a decimal value. This value should be equivalent to 1 minus the similarity distance value (if included). |
| @similarity_distanceoptional | decimal |
The similarity_index field specifies the similarity distance between the two Malware Subjects being referenced (indicating how dissimilar they are), as a decimal value. This value should be equivalent to 1 minus the similarity index value (if included). |
| Malware_Subject_Node_A1..1 | MalwareSubjectReferenceType |
The Malware_Subject_Node_A field represents a node connected to the edge via a reference to a Malware Subject that is part of a malware cluster. |
| Malware_Subject_Node_B1..1 | MalwareSubjectReferenceType |
The Malware_Subject_Node_B field represents a node connected to the edge via a reference to a Malware Subject that is part of a malware cluster. |


--- Day 4: Repose Record ---
(..)
Timestamps are written using year-month-day hour:minute format.
The guard falling asleep or waking up is always the one whose shift most recently started.
Because all asleep/awake times are during the midnight hour ..


|
MatrixBerryCore
|
Namespaces | |
| test | |
Functions | |
| function | mergesort (in x) |
| Syntax: sx = mergesort(x);. More... | |
| function | mergesorti (in x, in ll, in uu, in kk) |
| Sort x(ll:uu) via merge sort Note: In practice, x xhould be passed by reference. More... | |
| function | insertionsorti (in x, in ll, in uu) |
| Sort x(ll:uu) via insertion sort Note: In practice, x xhould be passed by reference. More... | |
| function | merge (in x, in ll, in mm, in uu) |
| Combine sorted arrays x(ll:mm) and x((mm + 1):uu) Note: In practice, x xhould be passed by reference. More... | |
| function mxberry::core::sort::insertionsorti | ( | in | x, |
| in | ll, | ||
| in | uu | ||
| ) |
Sort x(ll:uu) via insertion sort Note: In practice, x xhould be passed by reference.
| function mxberry::core::sort::merge | ( | in | x, |
| in | ll, | ||
| in | mm, | ||
| in | uu | ||
| ) |
Combine sorted arrays x(ll:mm) and x((mm + 1):uu) Note: In practice, x xhould be passed by reference.
| function mxberry::core::sort::mergesort | ( | in | x | ) |
Syntax: sx = mergesort(x);.
* Inputs: x is a vector of length n * * Outputs: sx is the sorted (ascending) version of x * * Description: This function sorts the input array x in ascending order * using the mergesort algorithm * * Complexity: O(n * log(n)) best-case performance * O(n * log(n)) average-case performance * O(n * log(n)) worst-case performance * O(n) auxiliary space * * Author: Brian Moore *<EMAIL_ADDRESS>* * Date: January 5, 2014 * * Author: Peter Gagarinov, PhD *<EMAIL_ADDRESS>* * Date: August 5, 2016 *
| function mxberry::core::sort::mergesorti | ( | in | x, |
| in | ll, | ||
| in | uu, | ||
| in | kk | ||
| ) |
Sort x(ll:uu) via merge sort Note: In practice, x xhould be passed by reference.


NEWS.md
chord_*
-named functions and also have shorter x*
-named aliases. These are “piano chords,” i.e., based on the condensed, defining intervals.guitarChords
dataset containing several thousand formations of guitar chord voicings.guitarChords
for obtaining guitar chord information and mapping between different defining properties of a chord, most notably the addition of gc_notes
and gc_fretboard
for mapping chord names to noteworthy strings and fretboard diagram syntax.noteworthy
class, used internally, optional for users (includes custom print and summary methods).mainIntervals
dataset.phrase
object construction).noteworthy
class output.transpose
to handle additional edge cases, including a new style option, strip
.NA
-valued no-chord rests (s
or r
) were unnamed in output of chord_set
.tabrSyntax
.as_phrase
..keydata
helper table.tabr
.tuplet
(and triplet
) to accept a phrase object as well as a character string of notes. Previously, only notes were accepted but this was too limiting. The argument name has changed to from notes
to x
and tuplet
will now check the class of x
and handle phrase objects accordingly.tuplet
.sf_phrase
(and sfp
) updated to allow returning early with only the notes string as opposed to the entire phrase object. This is useful if you just want a quick, cleaner string representation of what notes are mapped by string/fret combinations..onLoad
for non-Windows systems.tibble
package dependency. Using only dplyr
suffices.lintr
to Suggests field in DESCRIPTION per CRAN maintainer request regarding testthat
unit tests.lilypond
example from dontrun
tag.tempdir()
location for examples that write files.Adjustments to meet requirements for CRAN resubmission:
tempdir
.dontrun
tag around one last file-writing package example that was using lilypond
.lilypond
, tab
, midily
and miditab
to work with system calls that use absolute paths for output files instead of only working with relative paths..ly
) files and wrapping around system calls to LilyPond for rendering sheet music to pdf or png..mid
to .ly
and .mid
to tab output convenience functions.


#}
{# The course identify things we want to change and then figure out the things that need#}
{# to#}
{# be done to create the desired outcome. The course helped me in clearly define problems#}
{# and#}
{# generate a wider variety of quality solutions. Support more structures analysis of#}
{# options#}
{# leading to better decisions.#}
{#


The Princess Diaries (2001) 2 1/2 stars out of 4. Starring Anne Hathaway, Julie Andrews Carolind Goodall, Hector Elizondo, Heather Matarazzo, Robert Schwartzman and Sandra Oh. Screenplay by Gina Wendkos. Based on the novel by Meg Cabot. Directed by Garry Marshall. Rated G. Approx. 114 minutes.
The Princess Diaries is an appealing live-action fairy tale from Disney that is simplistically charming.
This G-rated family feature is an undemanding as it is preposterous, but somehow it actually works and holds your attention, even at an overlong 114 minutes.

Mia Thermopolis is a 15-year-old at a private high school where she passes unnoticed. She even considers herself invisible. With the exception of her best friend, Lilly, she is basically ignored by the other students.
But all that changes when Mia's grandmother, whom she has never met, comes to the city for a visit. It seems - surprise - grandma is Queen Clarisse Renaldi of Genovia and Mia is a princess. Not only a princess, but the heir apparent to the throne of the small European principality.
Mia's mother and father divorced when Mia was an infant. Pop went back to the old country to take care of royal business, while Mom remained in San Francisco to follow her career as an abstract artist.
The Princess Diaries is a movie aimed at young girls, most of whom can probably identify with Mia's predicament. `I don't want to run my own country, I just want to pass 10th grade,' Mia says.
Mia is intelligent, but painfully shy; she can't make it through debate class without having to hurl. It also doesn't help that she's a bit nerdy looking as well as awkward. But once her regal grandmother begins giving her `princess lessons' - and she gets a complete makeover - she emerges as a graceful, self-assured young woman.
Anne Hathaway's portrays Mia with the right combination of brains, gawkiness, reluctance and finally, confidence.
It is a bit difficult to imagine the reaction of an anonymous teen-ager being told just before her 16th birthday that she is heir to the throne. Hathaway, Caroline Goodall as her mother and Julie Andrews as Queen Clarisse nearly succeed in making this unlikely scenario believable.
Truly, though, this is one of the film's weak points. It is difficult in today's split-second, Internet, super-electronic age to fathom such a secret being buried for almost 16 years without a leak.
Andrews is dazzling and slyly humorous as the royal grandmother playing Henry Higgins to her granddaughter's Eliza Dolittle. Those who remember Andrews from her classical stage performance in My Fair Lady can appreciate the irony of the situation.
Director Garry Marshall, he of Pretty Woman and Runaway Bride fame, tries to keep the proceedings moving, but a little more judicious editing could have been used. At nearly two hours, the film drags in spots.
The Princess Diaries, based on a young adult novel by Meg Cabot, plays out as you'd expect, with everyone living happily ever after.
And even though the bumps and detours on this road to happiness are very predictable, The Princess Diaries is a movie parents and children can enjoy together. It's not grand cinema, but it is an enjoyable confection that will give some families an excuse to spend some time together.
Bob Bloom is the film critic at the Journal and Courier in Lafayette, IN. He can be reached by e-mail at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Other reviews by Bloom can be found at www.jconline.com by clicking on golafayette. Bloom's reviews also can be found on the Web at the Internet Movie Database: http://www.imdb.com/M/reviews_by?Bob+Bloom
========== X-RAMR-ID: 29011 X-Language: en X-RT-ReviewID: 241790 X-RT-TitleID: 1109228 X-RT-SourceID: 872 X-RT-AuthorID: 1363 X-RT-RatingText: 2.5/4
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


2 Samuel 3:14
And David sent messengers to Ishbosheth Saul's son, saying, Deliver me my wife Michal, which I espoused to me for an hundred foreskins of the Philistines.


Bitshares-Core
3.0.0
BitShares blockchain implementation and command-line interface software
active :
graphene::chain::authority
black_listed :
graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation
committee :
graphene::chain::vote_id_type
key :
graphene::chain::authority
maintenance_flag :
graphene::chain::dynamic_global_property_object
no_listing :
graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation
owner :
graphene::chain::authority
skip_assert_evaluation :
graphene::chain::database
skip_block_size_check :
graphene::chain::database
skip_merkle_check :
graphene::chain::database
skip_nothing :
graphene::chain::database
skip_tapos_check :
graphene::chain::database
skip_transaction_dupe_check :
graphene::chain::database
skip_transaction_signatures :
graphene::chain::database
skip_undo_history_check :
graphene::chain::database
skip_witness_schedule_check :
graphene::chain::database
skip_witness_signature :
graphene::chain::database
VOTE_TYPE_COUNT :
graphene::chain::vote_id_type
white_and_black_listed :
graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation
white_listed :
graphene::chain::account_whitelist_operation
witness :
graphene::chain::vote_id_type
worker :
graphene::chain::vote_id_type
Generated on Wed Mar 27 2019 15:04:33 for Bitshares-Core by
1.8.13


by Curtis Edmonds --<EMAIL_ADDRESS>I hate it when people talk at movies.
Usually, when audience members talk during a movie, it shows a fundamental lack of disrespect to the moviemakers, the actors, and their fellow patrons. If they're talking about plot points they missed in the movie, it shows that they're easily confused or just not paying attention. If they're talking about things other than the movie -- like where to go for dinner afterward -- that's a sign that you're dealing with people who are totally oblivious to their environment and to moviegoing etiquette.
I don't have any way to measure this, but I believe it's getting worse. I went to see Lawrence of Arabia last week at the Paramount Theater in Austin (in 70mm format, the only way to go) and this woman behind me asked her date what year the movie was set in... and he gave her a ten thousand word masters thesis on World War I and the Triple Entente. This intermixed with a blow by blow account of the first ten minutes of the movie that she had missed while standing in line to get popcorn. He talked almost the whole way through the movie... no mean feat when we're talking about a three-hour movie.
I say that to say two things. First, if you're the kind of person who talks at movie theaters, you might want to consider renting movies instead, so you can talk all you want without disturbing other people.
Second, Arlington Road has the best screenplay of the summer. I know this because during every slack moment in the second half of the movie, I could hear everyone else in the theater whispering to each other, trying to keep up with the twisty plot. It wasn't individual voices as such, but a general background buzz from bewildered people trying to figure out what was coming next.
In this, possibly the dumbest summer in movie history, the summer of Jar-Jar Binks, the summer dedicated to the glorification of the lowest common denominator, Arlington Road is... Yes! A Smart Movie!  The plot is simple enough -- a family of terrorists move across the street from a terrorism expert, who gets suspicious -- but the elaborations of that plot are deftly done.
For example, we know from the outset as an audience that the Tim Robbins character is an evil terrorist. We know this because movies about people who have unfounded suspicions about their wacky neighbors don't do very well. We know this because of the credit sequence, which shows us negatives of dogs and picket fences and crabgrass and lets us know that evil lurks in the heart of suburbia.
But what makes Arlington Road so smart is that the Jeff Bridges character doesn't know any of this stuff. He's got his suspicions, but they're based on next to nothing. Bridges finds out, for example, that the Robbins character is from St. Louis, where terrorists blew up that federal building. (Arlington Road pretends that the Murrah Building bombing took place in St. Louis, but knows that we're smart enough to see through this.) Ipso facto, Robbins is a terrorist, right? But Bridges can't make anyone believe this but us. There's one wrenching scene where he's trying to explain things to Hope Davis (in the unappreciated girlfriend role), and he's raving like a Class-A nutter, and she's holding him, and he can't stop spouting off about how this guy next door is a terrorist.
Another sign of intelligence from Arlington Road is how it handles the inherent insanity in the setup. It makes sense, in a twisted, paranoid sort of way, that the Bridges character would see terrorists everywhere, but what would motivate the Robbins character to move right next door to him? (The housing shortage in DC isn't that bad, is it?) Arlington Road has an answer to this, one I won't share with you.
In fact, when you get right down to it, when you have a movie that's this smart, with smart plot twists, there's not that much you can say about it without spoiling the fun for everyone. The minor things that help make the movie work -- the pouty curve of Hope Davis's mouth, the perky smile of Joan Cusack, the way the Robbins' two little girls look in plaid jumpers while they bar the door to the house, the horrible things that happen to Bridges's perfect hair during the course of the movie, Tim Robbins lip-synching to the words of the Boy Scout oath --are great, but they're secondary to the sinuous curve of the screenplay as it unwinds itself.
For all fans of Smart Movies, Arlington Road is as welcome as a tall glass of lemonade during a heat wave, with smart performances, smart casting, and smart directing complementing an exceptionally smart screenplay. This... yes! is a movie to talk about.
(Just not in the theater while the movie is going on, please, and... HEY! Put that cell phone down! NOW! People are trying to watch the movie, you know...) -- Curtis D. Edmonds<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"First, you show up. Then you see what happens." -- Napoleon Bonaparte
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Hope.
Strength.
Innovation.
These are my projects, and I am constantly working towards sharpening my craft.


The upper form creates statistics for a single matchup, and will display the win, loss, and tie percentages for the pair. Input desired stats, including number of dice used, amount of health, and overflow level for both gladiators A and B.
The second form creates mass statistics for every possible matchup. The Y axis of gladiators on the left are your gladiator A. The upper box applies to them, and their win/loss/tie rate is displayed to the right. The X axis gladiators are gladiator B, their statistics are not tracked. In order to see the data from their perspective, simply invert the input stats in the form.
Please be mindful to only type in gladiator classes in lower case.


‘I Did Not Say We Are Going To Build A National Shrine’- Minister Clarifies
by Ghbase New WriterThe minister for Chieftaincy and Religious Affairs, Samuel Kofi Dzamesi has debunked claims there’s going to be a construction of a national shrine right after the National Cathedral is built.
News went viral yesterday that government intends building a shrine akin to the cathedral to satisfy traditionalists.
But responding to the claims on Adom FM’s morning show ‘Dwaso Nsem’, the Minister said there is no iota of truth in the publications.
He said: “Just yesterday at my press briefing, someone asked a question why the government isn’t putting up a shrine, rather concentrating on building a national cathedral.
And I responded by saying that some Wolomei (GA Traditional Priests) have presented a petition on that,” he said.
“And we can only look at their plea, but I never said I was going to build a national shrine,” he clarified.


This project is an effort to incorporate NLP and visualization techniques into a single system for viewing, annotating, and revising electronic health records (EHRs). The system is designed to support the needs of three primary use-cases: retrospective EHR analysis for quality assessment or cohort inclusion, NLP annotation, and NLP scheme revision. This code is made available under the New BSD License.
First, ensure that your system meets the requirements listed above. If you already have Ant installed, Ivy can be installed by simply unpacking the latest Ivy jar from http://ant.apache.org/ivy/ into your Ant installation's lib/ directory.
Second, before running the system, you will need to acquire the EHR documents for the interface to process. Because of the sensitive nature of these documents they cannot be kept in public version control. Contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for a version of the dataset which is interpretable by this beta version of the tool.
Optionally, the line: in build.xml can be uncommented and edited to point to the doclist file accompanying the dataset, to load the dataset immediately upon launch.
Once your system is appropriately configured, navigate to this directory in a terminal and execute:
"compile" will invoke Ivy and Ant to download the required third-party libraries and compile the system, respectively. "run" will launch the default tab-based interface.
Overall design of the front-end has attempted to roughly follow the model-view-controller design pattern. The primary reason for utilizing this pattern has been to maintain a logical separation of concerns. As such, the system consists of a number of front-end views, a back-end data model, and a main controller which coordinates between the various components. In addition to the data model, the system also utilizes a separate NLP module for deriving predictions.
The main controller class is emr_vis_nlp.controller.MainController. This monolithic class handles communication back and forth between the interactive data-presenting views, the data model, and the NLP predictor, as well as among multiple coordinated views themselves. All purely controller-specific classes, such as auxiliary controllers, data structures, etc. should be stored alongside MainController in the package emr_vis_nlp.controller.
Code relating to a view should be stored in emr_vis_nlp.view, with classes specific to a particular view stored in a subpackage for that view ...
The only exception to this rule is emr_vis_nlp.main.MainTabbedView; this is the main class which should be executed to launch the application. This subclass of JFrame contains the overall structural framework for the interface as a whole. Since this class primarily deals with layout of standard Swing components, it has been designed using the Netbeans GUI Swing builder. Ideally, changes to this class should be done through this same Netbeans GUI Builder rather than direct editing of the code, to allow the project to be cleanly imported into Netbeans again in the future.
Code relating to a back-end data model should be stored in emr_vis_nlp.model. To implement a new model, develop a new class which implements the emr_vis_nlp.model.MainModel interface. Ideally, each new MainModel-implementing class should be given its own subpackage inside of emr_vis_nlp.model, to store any model-specific classes that are needed. When implementing a new doclist-based MainModel, the method MainController.setModelFromDoclist will need to be updated as well, in order to detect and load the appropriate model type. For more complex kinds of MainModels, such as JDBC-based models, MainTabbedView may also need to be modified, in order to provide the additional buttons, menu options, and/or command-line argument parsing functionality.
Currently, the only MainModel implemented so far is emr_vis_nlp.model.mpqa_colon.MpqaColonMainModel. This MainModel is designed to read from an XML-style doclist file in order to load a MPQA-style "database" containing Dr. Mehrotra's colonoscopy reports. (note: because of privacy concerns, the data itself cannot be included in a public repository. Please contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for a copy of the data.)
Code relating to the NLP/ML components should be stored in emr_vis_nlp.ml, with each implemented NLP module residing in its own sub-package. To develop a new NLP/ML module, implement a subclass of emr_vis_nlp.ml.MLPredictor, ensuring that the loadPredictions() method is overridden appropriately. You will also need to modify the method emr_vis_nlp.controller.MainController.setModelFromDoclist(File) to ensure that the appropriate model is loaded with respect to the chosen dataset. (Note that, at this time, not all of the classes within emr_vis_nlp.ml have been fully implemented; at the time of this writing, the back-end NLP components remain under development.)
Currently, the only MLPredictor implemented so far (aside from NullPredictor, a simple placeholder class for when no predictor is loaded) is emr_vis_nlp.ml.deprecated.DeprecatedMLPredictor. This predictor uses Phuong's exploratory baseline models from Summer 2012 developed on Dr. Mehrotra's colonoscopy reports, and is specific to this dataset. Note that it may not be methodologically proper to evaluate this model on the colonoscopy dataset, as some of the documents used in its training are likely also present in the datasets loaded into the interface. This model is included in order to provide a provisional back-end source of NLP predictions until a new model can be developed.


GROFF_MM
Section: Environments, Tables, and Troff Macros (7)Updated: 11 November 2010
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
groff_mm - groff mm macrosSYNOPSIS
groff -mm [ options... ] [ files... ]DESCRIPTION
The groff mm macros are intended to be compatible with the DWB mm macros with the following limitations:- *
- no Bell Labs localisms implemented.
- *
- the macros OK and PM are not implemented.
- *
- groff mm does not support cut marks
mm is intended to be international. Therefore it is possible to write short national macrofiles which change all english text to the preferred language. Use mmse as an example.
A file called locale or lang_locale is read after the initiation of the global variables. It is therefore possible to localize the macros with companyname and so on.
In this manual square brackets is used to show optional arguments.
Number registers and strings
Many macros can be controlled by number registers and strings.
A number register is assigned with the nr command:
.nr XXX [+-]n [i]
XXX is the name of the register, n is the value to
be assigned, and i is increment value for auto-increment.
n can have a plus or minus sign as prefix if an increment
or decrement of the current value is wanted.
(Auto-increment or decrement
occurs if the number register is used with a plus or minus sign,
\n+[XXX] or \n-[XXX].)
Strings is defined with ds.
.ds YYY string
The string is assigned everything to the end of the line, even blanks.
Initial blanks in string should be prefixed with
a double-quote.
(Strings are used in the text as \*[YYY].)
Special formatting of number registers
A number register is printed with normal digits if no format has been
given.
Set the format with af:
.af R c
R is the name of the register, c is the format.
Form
Sequence
1
0, 1, 2, 3, ...
001
000, 001, 002, 003, ...
i
0, i, ii, iii, iv, ...
I
0, I, II, III, IV, ...
a
0, a, b, c, ..., z, aa, ab, ...
A
0, A, B, C, ..., Z, AA, AB, ...
Macros:
- )E level text
- Adds text (heading-text) to the table of contents with level either 0 or between 1-7. See also .H. This macro is used for customized table of contents.
- 1C [1]
- Begin one column processing. An 1 as argument disables the page-break. Use wide footnotes, small footnotes may be overprinted.
- 2C
- Begin two column processing. Splits the page in two columns. It is a special case of MC. See also 1C.
- AE
- Abstract end, see AS.
- AF [name of firm]
- Authors firm, should be called before AU, see also COVER.
- AL [type [text-indent [1]]]
-
Start autoincrement list.
Items are numbered beginning on one.
The type argument controls the type of numbers.
ArgDescription
1Arabic (the default)
AUpper-case letters (A-Z)
aLower-case letters (a-z)
IUpper-case roman
iLower-case roman Text-indent sets the indent and overrides Li. A third argument will prohibit printing of a blank line before each item.
- APP name text
- Begin an appendix with name name. Automatic naming occurs if name is "". The appendixes starts with A if auto is used. An new page is ejected, and a header is also produced if the number variable Aph is non-zero. This is the default. The appendix always appear in the 'List of contents' with correct pagenumber. The name APPENDIX can be changed by setting the string App to the desired text. The string Apptxt contains the current appendix text.
- APPSK name pages text
- Same as .APP, but the pagenr is incremented with pages. This is used when diagrams or other non-formatted documents are included as appendixes.
- AS [arg [indent]]
-
Abstract start.
Indent is specified in 'ens', but scaling is allowed.
Argument arg controls where the abstract is printed.
ArgPlacement
0Abstract will be printed on page 1 and on the cover sheet if used in the released-paper style (MT 4), otherwise it will be printed on page 1 without a cover sheet.
1Abstract will only be printed on the cover sheet (MT 4 only).
2Abstract will be printed only on the cover sheet (other than MT 4 only). The cover sheet is printed without need for CS. Abstract is not printed at all in external letters (MT 5). The indent controls the indentation of both margins, otherwise will normal text indent be used.
- AST [title]
- Abstract title. Default is ABSTRACT. Sets the text above the abstract text.
- AT title1 [title2 ...]
- Authors title. AT must appear just after each AU. The title will show up after the name in the signature block.
- AU [name [initials [loc [dept [ext [room [arg [arg [arg]]]]]]]]]
- Author information, specifies the author of the memo or paper, and will be printed on the cover sheet and on other similar places. AU must not appear before TL. The author information can contain initials, location, department, telephone extension, room number or name and up to three extra arguments.
- AV [name [1]]
- Approval signature, generates an approval line with place for signature and date. The string APPROVED: can be changed with variable Letapp, and the string Date in Letdate.
- AVL [name]
- Letter signature, generates a line with place for signature.
- B [bold-text [prev-font-text [bold...]]]
- Begin boldface. No limit on the number of arguments. All arguments will be concatenated to one word, the first, third and so on will be printed in boldface.
- B1
- Begin box (as the ms macro). Draws a box around the text. The text will be indented one character, and the right margin will be one character shorter.
- B2
- End box. Finish the box started by B1.
- BE
- End bottom block, see BS.
- BI [bold-text [italic-text [bold-text [...]]]]
- Bold-italic. No limit on the number of arguments, see B.
- BL [text-indent [1]]
- Start bullet list, initialize a list with a bullet and a space in the beginning of each list item (see LI). Text-indent overrides the default indentation of the list items set by number register Pi. A third argument will prohibit printing of a blank line before each item.
- BR [bold-text [roman-text [bold-text [...]]]]
- Bold-roman. No limit on the number of arguments.
- BS
- Bottom block start. Begins the definition of a text block which is printed at the bottom of each page. Block ends with BE.
- BVL text-indent [mark-indent [1]]
- Start of broken variable-item list. Broken variable-item list has no fixed mark, it assumes that every LI has a mark instead. The text will always begin at the next line after the mark. Text-indent sets the indent to the text, and mark-indent the distance from the current indent to the mark. A third argument will prohibit printing of a blank line before each item.
- COVER [arg]
-
COVER begins a coversheet definition.
It is important
that .COVER appears before any normal text.
.COVER uses arg to build the filename
/usr/share/groff/<IP_ADDRESS>/tmac/mm/arg.cov.
Therefore it is possible to create unlimited
types of coversheets.
ms.cov is supposed to look like the ms coversheet.
.COVER requires a .COVEND at the end of the coverdefinition.
Always use this order of the covermacros:
.COVER .TL .AF .AU .AT .AS .AE .COVEND
However, only .TL and .AU are required. - COVEND
- This finish the cover description and prints the cover-page. It is defined in the cover file.
- DE
- Display end. Ends a block of text, display, that begins with DS or DF.
- DF [format [fill [rindent]]]
-
Begin floating display (no nesting allowed).
A floating display is saved in a queue and is printed in the
order entered.
Format, fill and rindent is the same
as in DS.
Floating displays are controlled by the two number registers De
and Df.
De register
0Nothing special, this is the default.
1A page eject will occur after each printed display, giving only one display per page and no text following it.
Df register
0Displays are printed at the end of each section (when section-page numbering is active) or at the end of the document.
1A new display will be printed on the current page if there is enough space, otherwise it will be printed at the end of the document.
2One display will be printed at the top of each page or column (in multi-column mode).
3Print one display if there is enough space for it, otherwise it will be printed at the top of the next page or column.
4Print as many displays that will fit in a new page or column. A page break will occur between each display if De is not zero.
5Fill the current page with displays and the rest beginning at a new page or column. (This is the default.) A page break will occur between each display if De is not zero.
- DL [text-indent [1 [1]]]
- Dash list start. Begins a list where each item is printed after a dash. Text-indent changes the default indentation of the list items set by number register Pi. A second argument prevents the empty line between each list item to be printed. See LI. A third argument will prohibit printing of a blank line before each item.
- DS [format [fill [rindent]]]
-
Static display start.
Begins collection of text until DE.
The text is printed together on the same page, unless it is longer
than the height of the page.
DS can be nested to a unlimited depth (reasonably :-).
format
No indentation.
noneNo indentation.
LNo indentation.
IIndent text with the value of number register Si.
CCenter each line
CBCenter the whole display as a block.
RRight adjust the lines.
RBRight adjust the whole display as a block
L, I, C and CB can also be specified as 0, 1, 2 or 3 for compatibility reasons.

FLine-filling turned on.
N and F can also be specified as 0 or 1. An empty line will normally be printed before and after the display. Setting number register Ds to 0 will prevent this. Rindent shortens the line length by that amount.
- EC [title [override [flag [refname]]]]
-
Equation title.
Sets a title for an equation.
The override argument
change the numbering.
flag
noneoverride is a prefix to the number.
0override is a prefix to the number.
1override is a suffix to the number.
2override replaces the number. EC uses the number register Ec as counter. It is possible to use .af to change the format of the number. If number register Of is 1, then the format of title will use a dash instead of a dot after the number.
The string Le controls the title of the List of Equations, default is LIST OF EQUATIONS. The List of Equations will only be printed if number register Le is 1, default 0. The string Liec contains the word Equation, wich is printed before the number. If refname is used, then the equation number is saved with .SETR, and can be retrieved with .GETST refname.
Special handling of the title will occur if EC is used inside DS/DE, it will not be affected by the format of DS. - EF [arg]
- Even-page footer, printed just above the normal page footer on even pages, see PF.
- EH [arg]
- Even-page header, printed just below the normal page header on even pages, see PH.
- EN
- Equation end, see EQ.
- EOP
-
End of page user-defined macro.
This macro will be called
instead of the normal printing of the footer.
The macro
will be executed in a separate environment, without any
trap active.
See TP.
Strings available to EOP
EOPfArgument from PF.
EOPefArgument from EF.
EOPofArgument from OF.
- EPIC [-L] width height [name]
- EPIC draws a box with the given width and height, it will also print the text name or a default string if name is not specified.. This is used to include external pictures, just give the size of the picture. -L will leftadjust the picture, the default is to center adjust. See PIC
- EQ [label]
- Equation start. EQ/EN are the delimiters for equations written for eqn. EQ/EN must be inside a DS/DE-pair, except when EQ is only used to set options in eqn. The label will appear at the right margin of the equation, unless number register Eq is 1. Then the label will appear at the left margin.
- EX [title [override [flag [refname]]]]
-
Exhibit title, arguments are the same as for EC.
EX uses the number register Ex as counter.
The string Lx controls the title of the
List of Exhibits, default is LIST OF EXHIBITS.
The List of Exhibits will only be printed if number register Lx
is 1, default 1.
The string Liex contains the word Exhibit, which
is printed before the number.
If refname is used, then the exhibit number is saved with
.SETR, and can be retrieved with .GETST refname.
Special handling of the title will occur if EX is used inside DS/DE, it will not be affected by the format of DS. - FC [closing]
- Prints Yours very truly, as a formal closing of a letter or memorandum. The argument replaces the defualt string. The default is stored in string variable Letfc.
- FD [arg [1]]
-
Footnote default format.
Controls the hyphenation (hyphen), right margin justification (adjust),
indentation of footnote text (indent).
It can also change the label
justification (ljust).
arg hyphen adjust indent ljust 0 no yes yes left 1 yes yes yes left 2 no no yes left 3 yes no yes left 4 no yes no left 5 yes yes no left 6 no no no left 7 yes no no left 8 no yes yes right 9 yes yes yes right 10 no no yes right 11 yes no yes right
Argument greater than or equal to 11 is considered as arg 0. Default for mm is 10. - FE
- Footnote end.
- FG [title [override [flag [refname]]]]
-
Figure title, arguments are the same as for EC.
FG uses the number register Fg as counter.
The string Lf controls the title of the
List of Figures, default is LIST OF FIGURES.
The List of Figures will only be printed if number register Lf
is 1, default 1.
The string Lifg contains the word Figure, wich
is printed before the number.
If refname is used, then the figure number is saved with
.SETR, and can be retrieved with .GETST refname.
Special handling of the title will occur if FG is used inside DS/DE, it will not be affected by the format of DS. - FS [label]
- Footnote start. The footnote is ended by FE. Footnotes is normally automatically numbered, the number is available in string F. Just add \*F in the text. By adding label, it is possible to have other number or names on the footnotes. Footnotes in displays is now possible. An empty line separates footnotes, the height of the line is controlled by number register Fs, default value is 1.
- GETHN refname [varname]
- Includes the headernumber where the corresponding SETR refname was placed. Will be X.X.X. in pass 1. See INITR. If varname is used, GETHN sets the stringvariable varname to the headernumber.
- GETPN refname [varname]
- Includes the pagenumber where the corresponding SETR refname was placed. Will be 9999 in pass 1. See INITR. If varname is used, GETPN sets the stringvariable varname to the pagenumber.
- GETR refname
-
Combines GETHN and GETPN with the text 'chapter' and ', page'.
The string Qrf contains the text for reference:
.ds Qrf See chapter \\*[Qrfh], page \\*[Qrfp].
Qrf may be changed to support other languages. Strings Qrfh and Qrfp are set by GETR and contains the page and headernumber. - GETST refname [varname]
- Includes the string saved with the second argument to .SETR. Will be dummystring in pass 1. If varname is used, GETST sets the stringvariable varname to the saved string. See INITR.
- H level [heading-text [heading-suffix]]
-
Numbered section heading.
Section headers can have a level between 1 and 7, level 1 is the
top level.
The text is given in heading-text, and must be
surrounded by double quotes if it contains spaces.
Heading-suffix is added to the header in the text but not in
the table of contents.
This is normally used for footnote marks
and similar things.
Don't use \*F in heading-suffix, it won't
work.
A manual label must be used, see FS.
An eventual paragraph, P, directly after H will be ignored, H is taking care of spacing and indentation.
Page ejection before heading
Number register Ej controls page ejection before the heading. Normally, a level one heading gets two blank lines before it, higher levels gets only one. A new page is ejected before each first-level heading if number register Ej is 1. All levels below or equal the value of Ej gets a new page. Default value for Ej is 0.Heading break level
A line break occurs after the heading if the heading level is less or equal to number register Hb. Default value 2.Heading space level
A blank line is inserted after the heading if the heading level is less or equal to number register Hs. Default value 2.Text will follow the heading on the same line if the level is greater than both Hb and Hs.
Post-heading indent
Indentation of the text after the heading is controlled by number register Hi, default value 0.Hi
0The text will be left-justified.
1Indentation of the text will follow the value of number register Pt, see P.
2The text will be lined up with the first word of the heading.
Centered section headings
All headings whose level is equal or below number register Hc and also less than or equal to Hb or Hs is centerered.Font control of the heading
The font of each heading level is controlled by string HF. It contains a fontnumber or fontname for each level. Default is 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 (all headings in italic). Could also be written as I I I I I I I. Note that some other implementations use 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 as the default value. All omitted values are presumed to be a 1.Point size control.
String HP controls the pointsize of each heading, in the same way as HF controls the font. A value of 0 selects the default point size. Default value is 0 0 0 0 0 0 0. Beware that only the point size changes, not the vertical size. That can be controlled by the user specified macro HX and/or HZ.Heading counters
Seven number registers, named H1 thru H7 contains the counter for each heading level. The values are printed using arabic numerals, this can be changed with the macro HM (see below). All marks are concatenated before printing. To avoid this, set number register Ht to 1. That will only print the current heading counter at each heading.Automatic table of contents
All headings whose level is equal or below number register Cl is saved to be printed in the table of contents. Default value is 2.Special control of the heading, user-defined macros.
These macros can be defined by the user to get a finer control of vertical spacing, fonts or other features. Argument level is the level-argument to H, but 0 for unnumbered headings (see HU). Argument rlevel is the real level, it is set to number register Hu for unnumbered headings. Argument heading-text is the text argument to H and HU.HX level rlevel heading-text
HX is called just before the printing of the heading. The following register is available for HX. HX may alter }0, }2 and ;3.
string }0
Contains the heading mark plus two spaces if rlevel is non-zero, otherwise empty.
register ;0
Contains the position of the text after the heading. 0 means that the text should follow the heading on the same line, 1 means that a line break should occur before the text and 2 means that a blank line should separate the heading and the text.
string }2
Contains two spaces if register ;0 is 0. It is used to separate the heading from the text. The string is empty if ;0 is non-zero.
register ;3
Contains the needed space in units after the heading. Default is 2v.Can be used to change things like numbering (}0), vertical spacing (}2) and the needed space after the heading.
HY dlevel rlevel heading-text
HY is called after size and font calculations and might be used to change indentation.HZ dlevel rlevel heading-text
HZ is called after the printing of the heading, just before H or HU exits. Could be used to change the page header according to the section heading. - HC [hyphenation-character]
- Set hyphenation character. Default value is \%. Resets to the default if called without argument. Hyphenation can be turned off by setting number register Hy to 0 in the beginning of the file.
- HM [arg1 [arg2 [... [arg7]]]]
-
Heading mark style.
Controls the type of marking for printing of the heading counters.
Default is 1 for all levels.
Argument
1Arabic numerals.
0001Arabic numerals with leading zeroes, one or more.

- HU heading-text
- Unnumbered section header. HU behavies like H at the level in number register Hu. See H.
- HX dlevel rlevel heading-text
- Userdefined heading exit. Called just before printing the header. See H.
- HY dlevel rlevel heading-text
- Userdefined heading exit. Called just before printing the header. See H.
- HZ dlevel rlevel heading-text
- Userdefined heading exit. Called just after printing the header. See H.
- I [italic-text [prev-font-text [italic-text [...]]]]
- Italic. Changes the font to italic if called without arguments. With one argument it will set the word in italic. With two argument it will concatenate them and set the first word in italic and the second in the previous font. There is no limit on the number of argument, all will be concatenated.
- IA [addressee-name [title]]
- Begins specification of the addressee and addressee's address in letter style. Several names can be specified with empty IA/IE-pairs, but only one address. See LT.
- IB [italic-text [bold-text [italic-text [...]]]]
- Italic-bold. Even arguments is printed in italic, odd in boldface. See I.
- IE
- Ends the address-specification after IA.
- INITI type filename [macro]
-
Initialize the new index system, sets the filename to collect
index lines in with IND.
Argument type selects
the type of index, page number, header marks or both.
The default is N.
It is also possible to create a macro that is responsible for formatting each row. Add the name of the macro as argument 3. The macro will be called with the index as argument(s).
type
NPage numbers
HHeader marks
BBoth page numbers and header marks, tab separated
- INITR filename
-
Initialize the refencemacros.
References will be written to stderr and is supposed to
be written to filename.qrf.
Requires two passes with groff, this is handled by a
separate program called mmroff, the reason is that
groff is often installed without the unsafe operations that
INITR requiered.
The first pass looks for references and the second one includes them.
INITR can be used several times, but it is only the first
occurrence of INITR that is active.
See also SETR, GETPN and GETHN.
- IND arg1 [arg2 [...]]
-
IND writes a line in the index file selected by INITI
with all arguments and the page number or header mark separated by tabs.
Examples
arg1\tpage number
arg1\targ2\tpage number
arg1\theader mark
arg1\tpage number\theader mark - INDP
- INDP prints the index by running the command specified by string variable Indcmd, normally sort -t\t. INDP reads the output from the command to form the index, normally in two columns (can be changed by defining TYIND). The index is printed with string variable Index as header, default is INDEX. One-column processing is returned after the list. INDP will call the user-defined macros TXIND, TYIND and TZIND if defined. TXIND is called before printing INDEX, TYIND is called instead of printing INDEX. TZIND is called after the printing and should take care of restoring to normal operation again.
- ISODATE [0]
- ISODATE changes the predefined date string in DT to ISO-format, ie YYYY-MM-DD. This can also be done by adding -rIso=1 on the command line. Reverts to old date format if argument is 0.
- IR [italic-text [roman-text [italic-text [...]]]]
- Italic-roman. Even arguments is printed in italic, odd in roman. See I.
- LB text-indent mark-indent pad type [mark [LI-space [LB-space]]]
-
List begin macro.
This is the common macro used for all lists.
Text-indent is the number of spaces to indent the text from the
current indent.
Pad and mark-indent controls where to put the mark. The mark is placed within the mark area, and mark-indent sets the number of spaces before this area. It is normally 0. The mark area ends where the text begins. The start of the text is still controlled by text-indent.
The mark is left justified whitin the mark area if pad is 0. If pad is greater than 0, then mark-indent is ignored, and the mark is placed pad spaces before the text. This will right justify the mark.
If type is 0 the list will have either a hanging indent or, if argument mark is given, the string mark as mark.
If type is greater than 0 automatic numbering will occur, arabic if mark is empty. Mark can then be any of 1, A, a, I or i.
Type selects one of six possible ways to display the mark.
type
1x.
2x)
3(x)
4[x]
5<x>
6{x}
Every item in the list will get LI-space number of blank lines before them. Default is 1.
LB itself will print LB-space blank lines. Default is 0.
- LC [list-level]
- List-status clear. Terminates all current active lists down to list-level, or 0 if no argmuent is given. This is used by H to clear any active list.
- LE [1]
- List end. Terminate the current list. LE outputs a blank line if an argument is given.
- LI [mark [1]]
-
List item precedes every item in a list.
Without argument LI
will print the mark determined by the current list type.
By giving
LI one argument, it will use that as the mark instead.
Two arguments to LI will make mark a prefix to
the current mark.
There will be no separating space between the prefix
and the mark if the second argument is 2 instead of 1.
This behaviour can also be achieved by setting number register
Limsp to zero.
A zero length mark will make a hanging
indent instead.
A blank line is normally printed before the list item. This behaviour can be controlled by number register Ls. Pre-spacing will occur for each list-level less than or equal to Ls. Default value is 99. (Nesting of lists is unlimited. :-)
The indentation can be changed thru number register Li. Default is 6.
All lists begins with a list initialization macro, LB. There are, however, seven predefined listtypes to make lists easier to use. They all call LB with different default values.
ALAutomatically Incremented List
MLMarked List
VLVariable-Item List
BLBullet List
DLDash List
RLReference List
BVLBroken Varable List. These lists are described at other places in this manual. See also LB.
- LT [arg]
-
Formats a letter in one of four different styles depending
on the argument.
See also INTERNALS.
ArgStyle
BLBlocked. Date line, return address, writer's address and closing begins at the center of the line. All other lines begin at the left margin.
SBSemi-blocked. Same as blocked, except that the first line in every paragraph is indented five spaces.
FBFull-blocked. All lines begin at the left margin.
SPSimplified. Almost the same as the full-blocked style. Subject and the writer's identification are printed in all-capital.
- LO type [arg]
-
Specify options in letter (see .LT).
This is a list of the standard options:
CNConfidential notation. Prints CONFIDENTIAL on the second line below the date line. Any argument replaces CONFIDENTIAL. See also string variable LetCN.
RNReference notation. Prints In reference to: and the argument two lines below the date line. See also string variable LetRN.
ATAttention. Prints ATTENTION: and the argument below the inside address. See also string variable LetAT.
SASalutation. Prints To Whom It May Concern: or the argument if it was present. The salutation is printed two lines below the inside address. See also string variable LetSA.
SJSubject line. Prints the argument as subject prefixed with SUBJECT: two lines below the inside address, except in letter type SP. Then the subject is printed in all-captial without any prefix. See also string variable LetSJ.
- MC column-size [column-separation]
- Begin multiple columns. Return to normal with 1C. MC will create as many columns as the current line length permits. Column-size is the width of each column, and column-separation is the space between two columns. Default separation is the column-size/15. See also 1C.
- ML mark [text-indent [1]]
- Marked list start. The mark argument will be printed before each list item. Text-indent sets the indent and overrides Li. A third argument will prohibit printing of a blank line before each item.
- MT [arg [addressee]]
-
Memorandum type.
The arg is part of a filename in /usr/share/groff/<IP_ADDRESS>/tmac/mm/*.MT.
Memorandum type 0 thru 5 are supported, including "string".
Addressee just sets a variable, used in the AT&T macros.
arg
0Normal memorandum, no type printed
1Memorandum with MEMORANDUM FOR FILE printed
2Memorandum with PROGRAMMER'S NOTES printed
3Memorandum with ENGINEER'S NOTES printed
4Released paper style
5External letter style See also COVER/COVEND, a more flexible type of front page.
- MOVE y-pos [x-pos [line-length]]
- Move to a position, pageoffset set to x-pos. If line-length is not given, the difference between current and new pageoffset is used. Use PGFORM without arguments to return to normal.
- MULB cw1 space1 [cw2 space2 [cw3 ...]]
- Begin a special multi-column mode. Every columns width must be specified. Also the space between the columns must be specified. The last column does not need any space-definition. MULB starts a diversion and MULE ends the diversion and prints the columns. The unit for width and space is 'n', but MULB accepts all normal unitspecifications like 'c' and 'i'. MULB operates in a separate environment.
- MULN
- Begin the next column. This is the only way to switch column.
- MULE
- End the multi-column mode and print the columns.
- nP [type]
- Print numbered paragraph with header level two. See .P.
- NCOL
- Force printing to the next column, don't use this together with the MUL* macros, see 2C.
- NS [arg [1]]
-
Prints different types of notations.
The argument selects between
the predefined type of notations.
If the second argument is available,
then the argument becomes the entire notation.
If the argument doesn't exist in the predefined, it will be
printed as Copy (arg) to.
It is possible to add more standard notations, see the string variable
Letns and Letnsdef.
Arg Notation
none Copy To
Copy To
1 Copy To (with att.) to
2 Copy To (without att.) to
3 Att.
4 Atts.
5 Enc.
6 Encs.
7 Under separate cover
8 Letter to
9 Memorandum to
10 Copy (with atts.) to
11 Copy (without atts.) to
12 Abstract Only to
13 Complete Memorandum to
14 CC - ND new-date
- New date. Override the current date. Date is not printed if new-date is an empty string.
- OF [arg]
- Odd-page footer, a line printed just above the normal footer. See EF and PF.
- OH [arg]
- Odd-page header, a line printed just below the normal header. See EH and PH.
- OP
- Make sure that the following text is printed at the top of an odd-numbered page. Will not output an empty page if currently at the top of an odd page.
- P [type]
-
Begin new paragraph.
P without argument will produce left justified text, even
the first line of the paragraph.
This is the same as setting
type to 0.
If the argument is 1, then the first line
of text following P will be indented by the number of
spaces in number register Pi, normally 5.
Instead of giving 1 as argument to P it is possible to set the paragraph type in number register Pt. Using 0 and 1 will be the same as adding that value to P. A value of 2 will indent all paragraphs, except after headings, lists and displays.
The space between two paragraphs is controlled by number register Ps, and is 1 by default (one blank line).
- PGFORM [linelength [pagelength [pageoffset [1]]]]
- Sets linelength, pagelength and/or pageoffset. This macro can be used for special formatting, like letterheads and other. It is normally the first command in a file, though it's not necessary. PGFORM can be used without arguments to reset everything after a MOVE. A line-break is done unless the fourth argument is given. This can be used to avoid the pagenumber on the first page while setting new width and length. (It seems as if this macro sometimes doesn't work too well. Use the command line arguments to change linelength, pagelength and pageoffset instead. Sorry.)
- PGNH
- No header is printed on the next page. Used to get rid of the header in letters or other special texts. This macro must be used before any text to inhibit the pageheader on the first page.
- PIC [-L] [-C] [-R] [-I n] filename [width [height]]
- PIC includes a Postscript file in the document. The macro depends on mmroff and INITR. -L, -C, -R and -I n adjusts the picture or indents it. The optionally width and height can also be given to resize the picture.
- PE
- Picture end. Ends a picture for pic, see the manual for pic.
- PF [arg]
- Page footer. PF sets the line to be printed at the bottom of each page. Normally empty. See PH for the argument specification.
- PH [arg]
- Page header, a line printed at the top of each page. The argument should be specified as "'left-part'center-part'right-part'", where left-, center- and right-part is printed left-justified, centered and right justified. The character % is changed to the current page number. The default page-header is "''- % -''", the page number between two dashes.
- PS
- Picture start (from pic). Begins a picture for pic, see the manual.
- PX
- Page-header user-defined exit. PX is called just after the printing of the page header in no-space mode.
- R
- Roman. Return to roman font, see also I.
- RB [roman-text [bold-text [roman-text [...]]]]
- Roman-bold. Even arguments is printed in roman, odd in boldface. See I.
- RD [prompt [diversion [string]]]
- Read from standard input to diversion and/or string. The text will be saved in a diversion named diversion. Recall the text by writing the name of the diversion after a dot on an empty line. A string will also be defined if string is given. Diversion and/or prompt can be empty ("").
- RF
- Reference end. Ends a reference definition and returns to normal processing. See RS.
- RI [roman-text [italic-text [roman-text [...]]]]
- Even arguments are printed in roman, odd in italic. See I.
- RL [text-indent [1]]
- Reference list start. Begins a list where each item is preceded with a automatically incremented number between square brackets. Text-indent changes the default indentation.
- RP [arg1 [arg2]]
-
Produce reference page.
RP can be used if a reference page is wanted somewhere in the
document.
It is not needed if TC is used to produce
a table of content.
The reference page will then be printed automatically.
The reference counter will not be reset if arg1 is 1.
Arg2 tells RP whether to eject a page or not.
Arg2
0The reference page will be printed on a separate page. This is the default.
1Do not eject page after the list.
2Do not eject page before the list.
3Do not eject page before and after the list. The reference items will be separated by a blank line. Setting number register Ls to 0 will suppress the line.
The string Rp contains the reference page title and is normally set to REFERENCES.
- RS [string-name]
- RS begins an automatically numbered reference definition. Put the string \*(Rf where the reference mark should be and write the reference between RS/RF at next new line after the reference mark. The reference number is stored in number register :R. If string-name is given, a string with that name will be defined and contain the current reference mark. The string can be referenced as \*[string-name] later in the text.
- S [size [spacing]]
- Set point size and vertical spacing. If any argument is equal 'P', then the previous value is used. A 'C' means current value, and 'D' default value. If '+' or '-' is used before the value, then increment or decrement of the current value will be done.
- SA [arg]
- Set right-margin justification. Justification is normally turned on. No argumenent or 0 turns off justification, a 1 turns on justification.
- SETR refname [string]
- Remember the current header and page-number as refname. Saves string if string is defined. string is retrieved with .GETST. See INITR.
- SG [arg [1]]
- Signature line. Prints the authors name(s) after the formal closing. The argument will be appended to the reference data, printed at either the first or last author. The reference data is the location, department and initials specified with .AU. It will be printed at the first author if the second argument is given, otherwise at the last. No reference data will be printed if the author(s) is specifed thru .WA/.WE. See INTERNALS.
- SK [pages]
- Skip pages. If pages is 0 or omitted, a skip to the next page will occur unless it is already at the top of a page. Otherwise it will skip pages pages.
- SM string1 [string2 [string3]]
- Make a string smaller. If string2 is given, string1 will be smaller and string2 normal, concatenated with string1. With three argument, all is concatenated, but only string2 is made smaller.
- SP [lines]
- Space vertically. lines can have any scalingfactor, like 3i or 8v. Several SP in a line will only produce the maximum number of lines, not the sum. SP will also be ignored until the first textline in a page. Add a \& before SP to avoid this.
- TAB
- reset tabs to every 5n. Normally used to reset any previous tabpositions.
- TB [title [override [flag [refname]]]]
-
Table title, arguments are the same as for EC.
TB uses the number register Tb as counter.
The string Lt controls the title of the
List of Tables, default is LIST OF TABLES.
The List of Tables will only be printed if number register Lt
is 1, default 1.
The string Litb contains the word TABLE, wich
is printed before the number.
Special handling of the title will occur if TB is used inside DS/DE, it will not be affected by the format of DS. - TC [slevel [spacing [tlevel [tab [h1 [h2 [h3 [h4 [h5]]]]]]]]]
-
Table of contents.
This macro is normally used at the last line of the document.
It generates a table of contents with headings up to the level
controlled by number register Cl.
Note that Cl controls
the saving of headings, it has nothing to do with TC.
Headings with level less than or equal to slevel will get
spacing number of lines before them.
Headings with level less than or equal to tlevel will have
their page numbers right justified with dots or spaces separating
the text and the page number.
Spaces is used if tab
is greater than zero, otherwise dots.
Other headings will have the
page number directly at the end of the heading text (ragged right).
The rest of the arguments will be printed, centered, before the table of contents.
The user-defined macros TX and TY are used if TC is called with at most four arguments. TX is called before the printing of CONTENTS, and TY is called instead of printing CONTENTS.
Equivalent macros can be defined for list of figures, tables, equations and excibits by defining TXxx or TYxx, where xx is Fg, TB, EC or EX.
String Ci can be set to control the indentations for each heading-level. It must be scaled, like .ds Ci .25i .5i .75i 1i 1i. The indentation is normally controlled by the maxlength of headings in each level.
All texts can be redefined, new stringvariables Lifg, Litb, Liex, Liec and Licon contain "Figure", "TABLE", "Exhibit", "Equation" and "CONTENTS". These can be redefined to other languages.
- TE
- Table end. See TS.
- TH [N]
- Table header. See TS. TH ends the header of the table. This header will be printed again if a page-break occurs. Argument N isn't implemented yet.
- TL [charging-case number(s) [filing-case number(s)]]
- Begin title of memorandum. All text up to the next AU is included in the title. Charging-case number and filing-case are saved for use in the front page processing.
- TM [num1 [num2 [...]]]
- Technical memorandumnumbers used in .MT. Unlimited number of arguments may be given.
- TP
- Top of page user-defined macro. This macro is called instead of the normal page header. It is possible to get complete control over the header. Note that header and footer is printed in a separate environment. Linelength is preserved though.
- TS [H]
- Table start. This is the start of a table specification to tbl. See separate manual for tbl. TS ends with TE. Argument H tells mm that the table has a header. See TH.
- TX
- Userdefined table of contents exit. This macro is called just before TC prints the word CONTENTS. See TC.
- TY
- Userdefined table of contents exit (no "CONTENTS"). This macro is called instead of printing CONTENTS. See TC.
- VERBON [flag [pointsize [font]]]
-
Begin verbatim output using courier font.
Usually for printing programs.
All character has equal width.
The pointsize can be changed with
the second argument.
By specifying the font-argument
it is possible to use another font instead of courier.
flag controls several special features.
It contains the sum of all wanted features.
ValueDescription
1Disable the escape-character (\). This is normally turned on during verbose output.
2Add an empty line before the verbose text.
4Add an empty line after the verbose text.
8Print the verbose text with numbered lines. This adds four digitsized spaces in the beginning of each line. Finer control is available with the string-variable Verbnm. It contains all arguments to the troff-command .nm, normally '1'.
16Indent the verbose text with five 'n':s. This is controlled by the number-variable Verbin (in units).
- VERBOFF
- End verbatim output.
- VL text-indent [mark-indent [1]]
- Variable-item list has no fixed mark, it assumes that every LI have a mark instead. Text-indent sets the indent to the text, and mark-indent the distance from the current indent to the mark. A third argument will prohibit printing of a blank line before each item.
- VM [-T] [top [bottom]]
- Vertical margin. Adds extra vertical top and margin space. Option -T set the total space instead. No argument resets the margin to zero or the default (7v 5v) if -T was used. It is higly recommended that macro TP and/or EOP are defined if using -T and setting top and/or bottom margin to less than the default.
- WA [writer-name [title]]
- Begins specification of the writer and writer's address. Several names can be specified with empty WA/WE-pairs, but only one address.
- WE
- Ends the address-specification after .WA.
- WC [format]
-
Footnote and display width control.
NSet default mode, -WF, -FF, -WD and FB.
WFWide footnotes, wide also in two-column mode.
-WFNormal footnote width, follow column mode.
FFAll footnotes gets the same width as the first footnote encountered.
-FFNormal footnotes, width follows WF and -WF.
WDWide displays, wide also in two-column mode.
-WDNormal display width, follow column mode.
FBFloating displays generates a line break when printed on the current page.
-FBFloating displays does not generate line break.
Strings used in mm:
- App
- A string containing the word "APPENDIX".
- Apptxt
- The current appendix text.
- EM Em dash string
- H1txt
- Will be updated by .H and .HU to the current heading text. Also updated in table of contents & friends.
- HF
- Fontlist for headings, normally "2 2 2 2 2 2 2". Nonnumeric fontnames may also be used.
- HP
- Pointsize list for headings. Normally "0 0 0 0 0 0 0" which is the same as "10 10 10 10 10 10 10".
- Index
- Contains INDEX.
- Indcmd
- Contains the index command, sort -t\t.
- Lifg String containing Figure.
- Litb
- String containing TABLE.
- Liex
- String containing Exhibit.
- Liec
- String containing Equation.
- Licon
- String containing CONTENTS.
- Lf
- Contains "LIST OF FIGURES".
- Lt
- Contains "LIST OF TABLES".
- Lx
- Contains "LIST OF EXHIBITS".
- Le
- Contains "LIST OF EQUATIONS".
- Letfc
- Contains "Yours very truly,", used in .FC.
- Letapp
- Contains "APPROVED:", used in .AV.
- Letdate
- Contains "Date", used in .AV.
- LetCN
- Contains "CONFIDENTIAL", used in .LO CN.
- LetSA
- Contains "To Whom It May Concern:", used in .LO SA.
- LetAT
- Contains "ATTENTION:", used in .LO AT.
- LetSJ
- Contains "SUBJECT:", used in .LO SJ.
- LetRN
- Contains "In reference to:", used in .LO RN.
- Letns
-
is an array containing the different strings used in .NS.
It is really a number of stringvariables prefixed with Letns!.
If the argument doesn't exist, it will be included
between () with Letns!copy as prefix and Letns!to as suffix.
Observe the space after copy and before to.
Name Value Letns!0 Copy to Letns!1 Copy (with att.) to Letns!2 Copy (without att.) to Letns!3 Att. Letns!4 Atts. Letns!5 Enc. Letns!6 Encs. Letns!7 Under separate cover Letns!8 Letter to Letns!9 Memorandum to Letns!10 Copy (with atts.) to Letns!11 Copy (without atts.) to Letns!12 Abstract Only to Letns!13 Complete Memorandum to Letns!14 CC Letns!copy Copy " Letns!to " to
- Letnsdef
- Defines the standard-notation used when no argument is given to .NS. Default is 0.
- MO1 - MO12
- Strings containing January thru December.
- Qrf
- String containing "See chapter \\*[Qrfh], page \\n[Qrfp].".
- Rp
- Contains "REFERENCES".
- Tcst
-
Contains current status of table of contents and list of XXXX.
Empty outside .TC.
Useful in user-defined macros like .TP.
Value Meaning co Table of contents fg List of figures tb List of tables ec List of equations ex List of exhibits ap Appendix
- Tm
- Contains \(tm, trade mark.
- Verbnm
- Argument to .nm in .VERBON, default: 1.
Number variables used in mm:
- Aph
- Print an appendix-page for every new appendix if this numbervariable is non-zero. No output will occur if Aph is zero, but there will always be an appendix-entry in the 'List of contents'.
- Cl
- Contents level [0:7], contents saved if heading level <= Cl, default 2.
- Cp
- Eject page between LIST OF XXXX if Cp == 0, default 0.
- D
- Debugflag, values >0 produces varying degree of debug. A value of 1 gives information about the progress of formatting, default 0.
- De
- Eject after floating display is output [0:1], default 0.
- Dsp
- Controls the space output before and after static displays if defined. Otherwise is the value of Lsp used.
- Df
- Floating keep output [0:5], default 5.
- Ds
- Lsp space before and after display if == 1 [0:1], default 1.
- Ej
- Eject page, default 0.
- Eq
- Equation lable adjust 0=left, 1=right. Default 0.
- Fs
- Footnote spacing, default 1.
- H1-H7
- Heading counters
- H1dot
- Append a dot after the level one heading number if > 0. Default is 1.
- H1h
- Copy of number register H1, but it is incremented
- just before the page break. Useful in user defined header macros. Hb Heading break level [0:7], default 2.
- Hc
- Heading centering level, [0:7]. Default 0.
- Hi
-
Heading temporary indent [0:2], default 1.
0 -> 0 indent, left margin
1 -> indent to right , like .P 1
2 -> indent to line up with text part of preceding heading - Hps
- Numbervariable with the heading pre-space level. If the heading-level is less than or equal to Hps, then two lines will precede the section heading instead of one. Default is first level only. The real amount of lines is controlled by the variables Hps1 and Hps2.
- Hps1
- This is the number of lines preceding .H when the heading-level is greater than Hps. Value is in units, normally 0.5.
- Hps2
- This is the number of lines preceding .H when the heading-level is less than or equal to Hps. Value is in units, normally 1.
- Hs
- Heading space level [0:7], default 2.
- Hss
- This is the number of lines that follows .H when the heading-level is less than or equal to Hs. Value is in units, normally 1.
- Ht
-
Heading numbering type, default 0.
0 -> multiple (1.1.1 ...)
1 -> single - Hu
- Unnumbered heading level, default 2.
- Hy
-
Hyphenation in body, default 1.
0 -> no hyphenation
1 -> hyphenation 14 on - Iso
- Set this variable to 1 on the command line to get ISO-formatted date string. (-rIso=1) Useless inside a document.
- L
- Page length, only for command line settings.
- Letwam
- Max lines in return-address, used in .WA/.WE. Default 14.
- Lf, Lt, Lx, Le
- Enables (1) or disables (0) the printing of List of figures, List of tables, List of exhibits and List of equations. Default: Lf=1, Lt=1, Lx=1, Le=0.
- Li
- List indent, used by .AL, default 6.
- Limsp
-
Flag for space between prefix and mark in automatic lists (.AL).
0 == no space
1 == space - Ls
- List space, if current listlevel > Ls then no spacing will occur around lists. Default 99.
- Lsp
- The size of an empty line. Normally 0.5v, but it is 1v if n is set (.nroff).
- N
-
Numbering style [0:5], default 0.
0 == (default) normal header for all pages.
1 == header replaces footer on first page, header is empty.
2 == page header is removed on the first page.
3 == "section-page" numbering enabled.
4 == page header is removed on the first page.
5 == "section-page" and "section-figure" numbering enabled. See also the number-register Sectf and Sectp. - Np
-
Numbered paragraphs, default 0.
0 == not numbered
1 == numbered in first level headings. - O
- Page offset, only for command line settings.
- Of
-
Format of figure,table,exhibit,equation titles, default 0.
0 = ". "
1 = " - " - P
- Current page-number, normally the same as % unless "section-page" numbering is enabled.
- Pi
- paragraph indent, default 5.
- Pgps
-
Controls whether header and footer pointsize should follow the current
setting or just change when the header and footer is defined.
ValueDescription
0Pointsize will only change to the current setting when .PH, .PF, .OH, .EH, .OF or .OE is executed.
1Pointsize will change after every .S. This is the default.
- Ps
- paragraph spacing, default 1.
- Pt
-
Paragraph type, default 0.
0 == left-justified
1 == indented .P
2 == indented .P except after .H, .DE or .LE. - Sectf
- Flag controlling "section-figures". A non-zero value enables this. See also register N.
- Sectp
- Flag controlling "section-page-numbers". A non-zero value enables this. See also register N.
- Si
- Display indent, default 5.
- Verbin
- Indent for .VERBON, default 5n.
- W
- Line length, only for command line settings.
- .mgm
- Always 1.
INTERNALS
The letter macros is using different submacros depending on the letter type. The name of the submacro has the letter type as suffix. It is therefore possible to define other letter types, either in the national macro-file, or as local additions. .LT will set the number variables Pt and Pi to 0 and 5. The following strings and macros must be defined for a new letter type:- let@init_type
- This macro is called directly by .LT. It is supposed to initialize variables and other stuff.
- let@head_type
- This macro prints the letter head, and is called instead of the normal page header. It is supposed to remove the alias let@header, otherwise it will be called for all pages.
- let@sg_type name title n flag [arg1 [arg2 [...]]]
- .SG is calling this macro only for letters, memorandums has its own processing. name and title is specified thru .WA/.WB. n is the counter, 1-max, and flag is true for the last name. Any other argument to .SG is appended.
- let@fc_type closing
- This macro is called by .FC, and has the formal closing as argument.
.LO is implemented as a general option-macro. .LO demands that a string named Lettype is defined, where type is the letter type. .LO will then assign the argument to the string variable let*lo-type.
AUTHOR
Jörgen Hägg, Lund, Sweden<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- /usr/share/groff/<IP_ADDRESS>/tmac/tmac.m
- /usr/share/groff/<IP_ADDRESS>/tmac/mm/*.cov
- /usr/share/groff/<IP_ADDRESS>/tmac/mm/*.MT
- /usr/share/groff/<IP_ADDRESS>/tmac/mm/locale
SEE ALSO
groff(1), troff(1), tbl(1), pic(1), eqn(1)groff_mmse(7)
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:34:15 GMT, December 24, 2015


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Gecode is really an amazing great CSP solver. Thanks for your effect great work. I'm planning to integrate gecode with my current work. However, I can use gcc411 compiler only. Is it possible to support gcc411 compiler?


| data_frame {vctrs} | R Documentation |
data_frame()
constructs a data frame. It is similar to
base::data.frame()
, but there are a few notable differences that make it
more in line with vctrs principles. The Properties section outlines these.
data_frame( ..., .size = NULL, .name_repair = c("check_unique", "unique", "universal", "minimal") )
... |
Vectors to become columns in the data frame. When inputs are named, those names are used for column names. |
.size |
The number of rows in the data frame. If |
.name_repair |
One of |
If no column names are supplied, ""
will be used as a default for all
columns. This is applied before name repair occurs, so the default
name repair of "check_unique"
will error if any unnamed inputs
are supplied and "unique"
will repair the empty string column names
appropriately. If the column names don't matter, use a "minimal"
name
repair for convenience and performance.
Inputs are recycled to a common size with vec_recycle_common()
.
With the exception of data frames, inputs are not modified in any way. Character vectors are never converted to factors, and lists are stored as-is for easy creation of list-columns.
Unnamed data frame inputs are automatically spliced. Named data frame inputs are stored unmodified as data frame columns.
NULL
inputs are completely ignored.
The dots are dynamic, allowing for splicing of lists with !!!
and
unquoting.
df_list()
for safely creating a data frame's underlying data structure from
individual columns. new_data_frame()
for constructing the actual data
frame from that underlying data structure. Together, these can be useful
for developers when creating new data frame subclasses supporting
standard evaluation.
data_frame(x = 1, y = 2) # Inputs are recycled using tidyverse recycling rules data_frame(x = 1, y = 1:3) # Strings are never converted to factors class(data_frame(x = "foo")$x) # List columns can be easily created df <- data_frame(x = list(1:2, 2, 3:4), y = 3:1) # However, the base print method is suboptimal for displaying them, # so it is recommended to convert them to tibble if (rlang::is_installed("tibble")) { tibble::as_tibble(df) } # Named data frame inputs create data frame columns df <- data_frame(x = data_frame(y = 1:2, z = "a")) # The `x` column itself is another data frame df$x # Again, it is recommended to convert these to tibbles for a better # print method if (rlang::is_installed("tibble")) { tibble::as_tibble(df) } # Unnamed data frame input is automatically spliced data_frame(x = 1, data_frame(y = 1:2, z = "a"))


module Bogue:sig
..end
General purpose GUI (Graphical user interface) library for Ocaml.
Bogue is a lightweight and fast GUI for developing desktop applications, games, or for easy debugging of non-GUI programs.
Bogue is entirely written in ocaml except for the hardware accelerated graphics library SDL2.
For a quick start, see Bogue's general principles, and the minimal example.
The only thing that open Bogue
does is to bring these modules into your
namespace. The have quite common names, so beware of conflict. In case of
doubt, don't open Bogue
, and access to the modules by using the Bogue
prefix, for instance Bogue.Widget.label
. The Widget
and Layout
modules are probably the ones that you will find yourself using the most, so
it's a good idea to alias them:
module W = Bogue.Widget
module L = Bogue.Layout
module Theme:sig
..end
Theming variables
module Utils:sig
..end
Utilities
module Time:sig
..end
Time in msec
module Var:sig
..end
Global variables with mutex
module Timeout:sig
..end
Delayed actions
module Trigger:sig
..end
Dealing with events
module Mixer:sig
..end
Basic audio mixer for sound effects
module Sync:sig
..end
Synchronized execution queue.
module Draw:sig
..end
Low-level graphics and colors
module Mouse:sig
..end
Mouse and touchscreen information
module Tvar:sig
..end
Transform variables
module Avar:sig
..end
Animated variables
module Selection:sig
..end
Unions of ranges of integers
Widgets are building blocks of the GUI. They also receive all events (mouse
focus, etc.) and contain the intelligence of your GUI, through connections (or callbacks, see Widget.connection
). However, in order to
be displayed, they need to be packed into layouts (Layout.t
).
module Image:sig
..end
Image widget
module Style:sig
..end
Line and box styles
module Label:sig
..end
One-line text widget
module Button:sig
..end
Button widget with text or icon
module Slider:sig
..end
Slider widget
module Check:sig
..end
Checkbox widget
module Text_display:sig
..end
Multi-line text display widget
module Text_input:sig
..end
One-line text-input widget
module Box:sig
..end
Box widget
module Widget:sig
..end
Creating widgets and giving life to them
module Update:sig
..end
Updating widgets
Layouts are rectangular graphical placeholders, in which you should pack all your widgets in order to display your GUI. Sophisticated gadgets are usually obtained by combining several layouts together.
module Layout:sig
..end
The main, all-purpose graphics container
module Space:sig
..end
Adjust various spacings and sizes of layouts
module Print:sig
..end
Convert Bogue objects to strings for debugging
module Snapshot:sig
..end
Create an image from a Layout
module Long_list:sig
..end
Handle large lists by not displaying all elements at once
module Tabs:sig
..end
Switch between layouts using Tabs
module Popup:sig
..end
Put layouts on top of others
module Menu:sig
..end
Various types of menus
module Select:sig
..end
Drop-down select list
module Radiolist:sig
..end
Check list with a single choice
module Table:sig
..end
Tables with sortable columns and selectable rows
Because a GUI continuously waits for user interaction, everything has to run inside a loop.
module Main:sig
..end
Control the workflow of the GUI mainloop
module Bogue: Main
Alias for Main
Here is a minimal example with a label and a check box.
open Bogue
module W = Widget
module L = Layout
let main () =
let b = W.check_box () in
let l = W.label "Hello world" in
let layout = L.flat_of_w [b;l] in
let board = Bogue.make [] [layout] in
Bogue.run board;;
let () = main ();
Draw.quit ()
This can be compiled to bytecode with
ocamlfind ocamlc -package bogue -linkpkg -o minimal -thread minimal.ml
and to native code with
ocamlfind ocamlopt -package bogue -linkpkg -o minimal -thread minimal.ml


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| db-sql {dbplyr} | R Documentation |
SQL translation:
sql_expr_matches(con, x, y)
generates an alternative to x = y
when a
pair of NULL
s should match. The default translation uses a CASE WHEN
as described in https://modern-sql.com/feature/is-distinct-from.
sql_translation(con)
generates a SQL translation environment.
Tables:
sql_table_analyze(con, table)
generates SQL that "analyzes" the table,
ensuring that the database has up-to-date statistics for use in the query
planner. It called from copy_to()
when analyze = TRUE
.
sql_table_index()
generates SQL for adding an index to table. The
Query manipulation:
sql_query_explain(con, sql)
generates SQL that "explains" a query,
i.e. generates a query plan describing what indexes etc that the
database will use.
sql_query_fields()
generates SQL for a 0-row result that is used to
capture field names in tbl_sql()
sql_query_save(con, sql)
generates SQL for saving a query into a
(temporary) table.
sql_query_wrap(con, from)
generates SQL for wrapping a query into a
subquery.
Query generation:
sql_query_select()
generate SQL for a SELECT
query
sql_query_join()
generate SQL for joins
sql_query_semi_join()
generate SQL for semi- and anti-joins
sql_query_set_op()
generate SQL for UNION
, INTERSECT
, and EXCEPT
queries.
sql_expr_matches(con, x, y) sql_translation(con) sql_table_analyze(con, table, ...) sql_table_index(con, table, columns, name = NULL, unique = FALSE, ...) sql_query_explain(con, sql, ...) sql_query_fields(con, sql, ...) sql_query_save(con, sql, name, temporary = TRUE, ...) sql_query_wrap(con, from, name = unique_subquery_name(), ...) sql_query_rows(con, sql, ...) sql_query_select( con, select, from, where = NULL, group_by = NULL, having = NULL, order_by = NULL, limit = NULL, distinct = FALSE, ..., subquery = FALSE ) sql_query_join( con, x, y, vars, type = "inner", by = NULL, na_matches = FALSE, ... ) sql_query_semi_join(con, x, y, anti = FALSE, by = NULL, ...) sql_query_set_op(con, x, y, method, ..., all = FALSE)
Many dplyr::db_*
generics have been replaced by dbplyr::sql_*
generics.
To update your backend, you'll need to extract the SQL generation out of your
existing code, and place it in a new method for a dbplyr sql_
generic.
dplyr::db_analyze()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_table_analyze()
dplyr::db_explain()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_query_explain()
dplyr::db_create_index()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_table_index()
dplyr::db_query_fields()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_query_fields()
dplyr::db_query_rows()
is no longer used; you can delete it
dplyr::db_save_query()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_query_save()
The query generating functions have also changed names. Their behaviour is unchanged, so you just need to rename the generic and import from dbplyr instead of dplyr.
dplyr::sql_select()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_query_select()
dplyr::sql_join()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_query_join()
dplyr::sql_semi_join()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_query_semi_join()
dplyr::sql_set_op()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_query_set_op()
dplyr::sql_subquery()
is replaced by dbplyr::sql_query_wrap()
Learn more in vignette("backend-2.0")
Other generic:
db_connection_describe()
,
db_copy_to()
,
sql_escape_logical()


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