holoviews.data Package ¶
data
Package
¶
-
class
holoviews.core.data.
DataConversion
( element ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
object
DataConversion is a very simple container object which can be given an existing Dataset Element and provides methods to convert the Dataset into most other Element types.
-
class
holoviews.core.data.
Dataset
( data , **kwargs ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
holoviews.core.element.Element
Dataset provides a general baseclass for Element types that contain structured data and supports a range of data formats.
The Dataset class supports various methods offering a consistent way of working with the stored data regardless of the storage format used. These operations include indexing, selection and various ways of aggregating or collapsing the data with a supplied function.
-
param List
vdims
( allow_None=False, bounds=(0, None), constant=True, default=[], instantiate=True, pickle_default_value=True, precedence=None, readonly=False ) - The value dimensions defined as the list of dimensions used to describe the components of the data. If multiple value dimensions are supplied, a particular value dimension may be indexed by name after the key dimensions. Aliased with value_dimensions.
-
param Dict
cdims
( allow_None=False, constant=False, default=OrderedDict(), instantiate=True, is_instance=True, pickle_default_value=True, precedence=None, readonly=False ) - The constant dimensions defined as a dictionary of Dimension:value pairs providing additional dimension information about the object. Aliased with constant_dimensions.
-
param String
group
( allow_None=False, basestring=<type ‘basestring’>, constant=True, default=Element, instantiate=True, pickle_default_value=True, precedence=None, readonly=False ) - A string describing the data wrapped by the object.
-
param List
datatype
( allow_None=False, bounds=(0, None), constant=False, default=[‘array’, ‘dataframe’, ‘dictionary’, ‘grid’, ‘ndelement’, ‘cube’, ‘xarray’, ‘dask’], instantiate=True, pickle_default_value=True, precedence=None, readonly=False ) - A priority list of the data types to be used for storage on the .data attribute. If the input supplied to the element constructor cannot be put into the requested format, the next format listed will be used until a suitable format is found (or the data fails to be understood).
-
param List
kdims
( allow_None=False, bounds=(0, None), constant=True, default=[], instantiate=True, pickle_default_value=True, precedence=None, readonly=False ) - The key dimensions defined as list of dimensions that may be used in indexing (and potential slicing) semantics. The order of the dimensions listed here determines the semantics of each component of a multi-dimensional indexing operation. Aliased with key_dimensions.
-
param String
label
( allow_None=False, basestring=<type ‘basestring’>, constant=True, default=, instantiate=True, pickle_default_value=True, precedence=None, readonly=False ) - Optional label describing the data, typically reflecting where or how it was measured. The label should allow a specific measurement or dataset to be referenced for a given group..
-
add_dimension
( dimension , dim_pos , dim_val , vdim=False , **kwargs ) [source] ¶ -
Create a new object with an additional key dimensions. Requires the dimension name or object, the desired position in the key dimensions and a key value scalar or sequence of the same length as the existing keys.
-
aggregate
( dimensions=None , function=None , spreadfn=None , **kwargs ) [source] ¶ -
Aggregates over the supplied key dimensions with the defined function.
-
clone
( data=None , shared_data=True , new_type=None , *args , **overrides ) ¶ -
Returns a clone of the object with matching parameter values containing the specified args and kwargs.
If shared_data is set to True and no data explicitly supplied, the clone will share data with the original. May also supply a new_type, which will inherit all shared parameters.
-
closest
( coords=[] , **kwargs ) [source] ¶ -
Given a single coordinate or multiple coordinates as a tuple or list of tuples or keyword arguments matching the dimension closest will find the closest actual x/y coordinates. Different Element types should implement this appropriately depending on the space they represent, if the Element does not support snapping raise NotImplementedError.
-
collapse_data
( data , function=None , kdims=None , **kwargs ) ¶ -
Class method to collapse a list of data matching the data format of the Element type. By implementing this method HoloMap can collapse multiple Elements of the same type. The kwargs are passed to the collapse function. The collapse function must support the numpy style axis selection. Valid function include: np.mean, np.sum, np.product, np.std, scipy.stats.kurtosis etc. Some data backends also require the key dimensions to aggregate over.
-
ddims
¶ -
The list of deep dimensions
-
debug
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a debugging statement.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
defaults
( ) ¶ -
Return {parameter_name:parameter.default} for all non-constant Parameters.
Note that a Parameter for which instantiate==True has its default instantiated.
-
dframe
( dimensions=None ) [source] ¶ -
Returns the data in the form of a DataFrame. Supplying a list of dimensions filters the dataframe. If the data is already a DataFrame a copy is returned.
-
dimension_values
( dim , expanded=True , flat=True ) [source] ¶ -
Returns the values along a particular dimension. If unique values are requested will return only unique values.
-
dimensions
( selection=u'all' , label=False ) ¶ -
Provides convenient access to Dimensions on nested Dimensioned objects. Dimensions can be selected by their type, i.e. ‘key’ or ‘value’ dimensions. By default ‘all’ dimensions are returned.
-
force_new_dynamic_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
get_dimension
( dimension , default=None , strict=False ) ¶ -
Access a Dimension object by name or index. Returns the default value if the dimension is not found and strict is False. If strict is True, a KeyError is raised instead.
-
get_dimension_index
( dim ) ¶ -
Returns the index of the requested dimension.
-
get_dimension_type
( dim ) [source] ¶ -
Returns the specified Dimension type if specified or if the dimension_values types are consistent otherwise None is returned.
-
get_param_values
( onlychanged=False ) ¶ -
Return a list of name,value pairs for all Parameters of this object.
If onlychanged is True, will only return values that are not equal to the default value.
-
get_value_generator
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
groupby
( dimensions=[] , container_type=<class 'holoviews.core.spaces.HoloMap'> , group_type=None , dynamic=False , **kwargs ) [source] ¶ -
Return the results of a groupby operation over the specified dimensions as an object of type container_type (expected to be dictionary-like).
Keys vary over the columns (dimensions) and the corresponding values are collections of group_type (e.g an Element, list, tuple) constructed with kwargs (if supplied).
If dynamic is requested container_type is automatically set to a DynamicMap, allowing dynamic exploration of large datasets. If the data does not represent a full cartesian grid of the requested dimensions some Elements will be empty.
-
hist
( dimension=None , num_bins=20 , bin_range=None , adjoin=True , individually=True , **kwargs ) ¶ -
The hist method generates a histogram to be adjoined to the Element in an AdjointLayout. By default the histogram is computed along the first value dimension of the Element, however any dimension may be selected. The number of bins and the bin_ranges and any kwargs to be passed to the histogram operation may also be supplied.
-
iloc
¶ -
Returns an iloc object providing a convenient interface to slice and index into the Dataset using row and column indices. Allow selection by integer index, slice and list of integer indices and boolean arrays.
Examples:
-
Index the first row and column:
dataset.iloc[0, 0]
-
Select rows 1 and 2 with a slice:
dataset.iloc[1:3, :]
-
Select with a list of integer coordinates:
dataset.iloc[[0, 2, 3]]
-
-
inspect_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
map
( map_fn , specs=None , clone=True ) ¶ -
Recursively replaces elements using a map function when the specification applies.
-
matches
( spec ) ¶ -
A specification may be a class, a tuple or a string. Equivalent to isinstance if a class is supplied, otherwise matching occurs on type, group and label. These may be supplied as a tuple of strings or as a single string of the form “{type}.{group}.{label}”. Matching may be done on {type} alone, {type}.{group}, or {type}.{group}.{label}. The strings for the type, group, and label will each be sanitized before the match, and so the sanitized versions of those values will need to be provided if the match is to succeed.
-
message
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
ndloc
¶ -
Returns an ndloc object providing nd-array like indexing for gridded datasets. Follows NumPy array indexing conventions, allowing for indexing, slicing and selecting a list of indices on multi-dimensional arrays using integer indices. The order of array indices is inverted relative to the Dataset key dimensions, e.g. an Image with key dimensions ‘x’ and ‘y’ can be indexed with
image.ndloc[iy, ix]
, whereiy
andix
are integer indices along the y and x dimensions.Examples:
-
Index value in 2D array:
dataset.ndloc[3, 1]
-
Slice along y-axis of 2D array:
dataset.ndloc[2:5, :]
-
Vectorized (non-orthogonal) indexing along x- and y-axes:
dataset.ndloc[[1, 2, 3], [0, 2, 3]]
-
-
opts
( options=None , **kwargs ) ¶ -
Apply the supplied options to a clone of the object which is then returned. Note that if no options are supplied at all, all ids are reset.
-
params
( parameter_name=None ) ¶ -
Return the Parameters of this class as the dictionary {name: parameter_object}
Includes Parameters from this class and its superclasses.
-
pprint
( imports=None , prefix=' ' , unknown_value='<?>' , qualify=False , separator='' ) ¶ -
(Experimental) Pretty printed representation that may be evaluated with eval. See pprint() function for more details.
-
print_param_defaults
( ) ¶ -
Print the default values of all cls’s Parameters.
-
print_param_values
( ) ¶ -
Print the values of all this object’s Parameters.
-
range
( dim , data_range=True ) [source] ¶ -
Computes the range of values along a supplied dimension, taking into account the range and soft_range defined on the Dimension object.
-
reduce
( dimensions=[] , function=None , spreadfn=None , **reduce_map ) [source] ¶ -
Allows reducing the values along one or more key dimension with the supplied function. The dimensions may be supplied as a list and a function to apply or a mapping between the dimensions and functions to apply along each dimension.
-
reindex
( kdims=None , vdims=None ) [source] ¶ -
Create a new object with a re-ordered set of dimensions. Allows converting key dimensions to value dimensions and vice versa.
-
relabel
( label=None , group=None , depth=0 ) ¶ -
Assign a new label and/or group to an existing LabelledData object, creating a clone of the object with the new settings.
-
sample
( samples=[] , closest=True , **kwargs ) [source] ¶ -
Allows sampling of Dataset as an iterator of coordinates matching the key dimensions, returning a new object containing just the selected samples. Alternatively may supply kwargs to sample a coordinate on an object. By default it will attempt to snap to the nearest coordinate if the Element supports it, snapping may be disabled with the closest argument.
-
script_repr
( imports=[] , prefix=' ' ) ¶ -
Variant of __repr__ designed for generating a runnable script.
-
select
( selection_specs=None , **selection ) [source] ¶ -
Allows selecting data by the slices, sets and scalar values along a particular dimension. The indices should be supplied as keywords mapping between the selected dimension and value. Additionally selection_specs (taking the form of a list of type.group.label strings, types or functions) may be supplied, which will ensure the selection is only applied if the specs match the selected object.
-
set_default
( param_name , value ) ¶ -
Set the default value of param_name.
Equivalent to setting param_name on the class.
-
set_dynamic_time_fn
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
set_param
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
shape
¶ -
Returns the shape of the data.
-
state_pop
( ) ¶ -
Restore the most recently saved state.
See state_push() for more details.
-
state_push
( ) ¶ -
Save this instance’s state.
For Parameterized instances, this includes the state of dynamically generated values.
Subclasses that maintain short-term state should additionally save and restore that state using state_push() and state_pop().
Generally, this method is used by operations that need to test something without permanently altering the objects’ state.
-
table
( datatype=None ) ¶ -
Converts the data Element to a Table, optionally may specify a supported data type. The default data types are ‘numpy’ (for homogeneous data), ‘dataframe’, and ‘dictionary’.
-
to
¶ -
Property to create a conversion interface with methods to convert to other Element types.
-
traverse
( fn , specs=None , full_breadth=True ) ¶ -
Traverses any nested LabelledData object (i.e LabelledData objects containing LabelledData objects), applying the supplied function to each constituent element if the supplied specifications. The output of these function calls are collected and returned in the accumulator list.
If specs is None, all constituent elements are processed. Otherwise, specs must be a list of type.group.label specs, types, and functions.
-
verbose
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a verbose message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
warning
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a warning, unless module variable warnings_as_exceptions is True, then raise an Exception containing the arguments.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
param List
dask
Module
¶
-
class
holoviews.core.data.dask.
DaskInterface
( **params ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
holoviews.core.data.pandas.PandasInterface
The DaskInterface allows a Dataset objects to wrap a dask DataFrame object. Using dask allows loading data lazily and performing out-of-core operations on the data, making it possible to work on datasets larger than memory.
The DaskInterface covers almost the complete API exposed by the PandasInterface with two notable exceptions:
- Sorting is not supported and any attempt at sorting will be ignored with an warning.
- Dask does not easily support adding a new column to an existing dataframe unless it is a scalar, add_dimension will therefore error when supplied a non-scalar value.
- Not all functions can be easily applied to a dask dataframe so some functions applied with aggregate and reduce will not work.
-
as_dframe
( dataset ) ¶ -
Returns the data of a Dataset as a dataframe avoiding copying if it already a dataframe type.
-
cast
( dataset , datatype=None , cast_type=None ) ¶ -
Given a list of Dataset objects, cast them to the specified datatype (by default the format matching the current interface) with the given cast_type (if specified).
-
concatenate
( dataset , datatype=None ) ¶ -
Utility function to concatenate a list of Column objects, returning a new Dataset object. Note that this is unlike the .concat method which only concatenates the data.
-
debug
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a debugging statement.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
defaults
( ) ¶ -
Return {parameter_name:parameter.default} for all non-constant Parameters.
Note that a Parameter for which instantiate==True has its default instantiated.
-
force_new_dynamic_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
get_param_values
( onlychanged=False ) ¶ -
Return a list of name,value pairs for all Parameters of this object.
If onlychanged is True, will only return values that are not equal to the default value.
-
get_value_generator
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
classmethod
iloc
( dataset , index ) [source] ¶ -
Dask does not support iloc, therefore iloc will execute the call graph and lose the laziness of the operation.
-
indexed
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and selection to be applied returns boolean to indicate whether a scalar value has been indexed.
-
inspect_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
message
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
params
( parameter_name=None ) ¶ -
Return the Parameters of this class as the dictionary {name: parameter_object}
Includes Parameters from this class and its superclasses.
-
pprint
( imports=None , prefix=' ' , unknown_value='<?>' , qualify=False , separator='' ) ¶ -
(Experimental) Pretty printed representation that may be evaluated with eval. See pprint() function for more details.
-
print_param_defaults
( ) ¶ -
Print the default values of all cls’s Parameters.
-
print_param_values
( ) ¶ -
Print the values of all this object’s Parameters.
-
script_repr
( imports=[] , prefix=' ' ) ¶ -
Variant of __repr__ designed for generating a runnable script.
-
classmethod
select_mask
( dataset , selection ) [source] ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and a dictionary with dimension keys and selection keys (i.e tuple ranges, slices, sets, lists or literals) return a boolean mask over the rows in the Dataset object that have been selected.
-
set_default
( param_name , value ) ¶ -
Set the default value of param_name.
Equivalent to setting param_name on the class.
-
set_dynamic_time_fn
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
set_param
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
state_pop
( ) ¶ -
Restore the most recently saved state.
See state_push() for more details.
-
state_push
( ) ¶ -
Save this instance’s state.
For Parameterized instances, this includes the state of dynamically generated values.
Subclasses that maintain short-term state should additionally save and restore that state using state_push() and state_pop().
Generally, this method is used by operations that need to test something without permanently altering the objects’ state.
-
classmethod
unpack_scalar
( columns , data ) [source] ¶ -
Given a columns object and data in the appropriate format for the interface, return a simple scalar.
-
verbose
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a verbose message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
warning
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a warning, unless module variable warnings_as_exceptions is True, then raise an Exception containing the arguments.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
dictionary
Module
¶
-
class
holoviews.core.data.dictionary.
DictInterface
( **params ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
holoviews.core.data.interface.Interface
Interface for simple dictionary-based dataset format. The dictionary keys correspond to the column (i.e dimension) names and the values are collections representing the values in that column.
-
cast
( dataset , datatype=None , cast_type=None ) ¶ -
Given a list of Dataset objects, cast them to the specified datatype (by default the format matching the current interface) with the given cast_type (if specified).
-
concatenate
( dataset , datatype=None ) ¶ -
Utility function to concatenate a list of Column objects, returning a new Dataset object. Note that this is unlike the .concat method which only concatenates the data.
-
debug
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a debugging statement.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
defaults
( ) ¶ -
Return {parameter_name:parameter.default} for all non-constant Parameters.
Note that a Parameter for which instantiate==True has its default instantiated.
-
force_new_dynamic_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
get_param_values
( onlychanged=False ) ¶ -
Return a list of name,value pairs for all Parameters of this object.
If onlychanged is True, will only return values that are not equal to the default value.
-
get_value_generator
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
indexed
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and selection to be applied returns boolean to indicate whether a scalar value has been indexed.
-
inspect_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
message
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
params
( parameter_name=None ) ¶ -
Return the Parameters of this class as the dictionary {name: parameter_object}
Includes Parameters from this class and its superclasses.
-
pprint
( imports=None , prefix=' ' , unknown_value='<?>' , qualify=False , separator='' ) ¶ -
(Experimental) Pretty printed representation that may be evaluated with eval. See pprint() function for more details.
-
print_param_defaults
( ) ¶ -
Print the default values of all cls’s Parameters.
-
print_param_values
( ) ¶ -
Print the values of all this object’s Parameters.
-
script_repr
( imports=[] , prefix=' ' ) ¶ -
Variant of __repr__ designed for generating a runnable script.
-
select_mask
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and a dictionary with dimension keys and selection keys (i.e tuple ranges, slices, sets, lists or literals) return a boolean mask over the rows in the Dataset object that have been selected.
-
set_default
( param_name , value ) ¶ -
Set the default value of param_name.
Equivalent to setting param_name on the class.
-
set_dynamic_time_fn
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
set_param
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
state_pop
( ) ¶ -
Restore the most recently saved state.
See state_push() for more details.
-
state_push
( ) ¶ -
Save this instance’s state.
For Parameterized instances, this includes the state of dynamically generated values.
Subclasses that maintain short-term state should additionally save and restore that state using state_push() and state_pop().
Generally, this method is used by operations that need to test something without permanently altering the objects’ state.
-
classmethod
unpack_scalar
( dataset , data ) [source] ¶ -
Given a dataset object and data in the appropriate format for the interface, return a simple scalar.
-
verbose
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a verbose message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
warning
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a warning, unless module variable warnings_as_exceptions is True, then raise an Exception containing the arguments.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
grid
Module
¶
-
class
holoviews.core.data.grid.
GridInterface
( **params ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
holoviews.core.data.dictionary.DictInterface
Interface for simple dictionary-based dataset format using a compressed representation that uses the cartesian product between key dimensions. As with DictInterface, the dictionary keys correspond to the column (i.e dimension) names and the values are NumPy arrays representing the values in that column.
To use this compressed format, the key dimensions must be orthogonal to one another with each key dimension specifiying an axis of the multidimensional space occupied by the value dimension data. For instance, given an temperature recordings sampled regularly across the earth surface, a list of N unique latitudes and M unique longitudes can specify the position of NxM temperature samples.
-
classmethod
canonicalize
( dataset , data , coord_dims=None ) [source] ¶ -
Canonicalize takes an array of values as input and reorients and transposes it to match the canonical format expected by plotting functions. In addition to the dataset and the particular array to apply transforms to a list of coord_dims may be supplied in case the array indexing does not match the key dimensions of the dataset.
-
cast
( dataset , datatype=None , cast_type=None ) ¶ -
Given a list of Dataset objects, cast them to the specified datatype (by default the format matching the current interface) with the given cast_type (if specified).
-
concatenate
( dataset , datatype=None ) ¶ -
Utility function to concatenate a list of Column objects, returning a new Dataset object. Note that this is unlike the .concat method which only concatenates the data.
-
classmethod
coords
( dataset , dim , ordered=False , expanded=False ) [source] ¶ -
Returns the coordinates along a dimension. Ordered ensures coordinates are in ascending order and expanded creates ND-array matching the dimensionality of the dataset.
-
debug
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a debugging statement.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
defaults
( ) ¶ -
Return {parameter_name:parameter.default} for all non-constant Parameters.
Note that a Parameter for which instantiate==True has its default instantiated.
-
force_new_dynamic_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
get_param_values
( onlychanged=False ) ¶ -
Return a list of name,value pairs for all Parameters of this object.
If onlychanged is True, will only return values that are not equal to the default value.
-
get_value_generator
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
indexed
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and selection to be applied returns boolean to indicate whether a scalar value has been indexed.
-
inspect_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
message
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
params
( parameter_name=None ) ¶ -
Return the Parameters of this class as the dictionary {name: parameter_object}
Includes Parameters from this class and its superclasses.
-
pprint
( imports=None , prefix=' ' , unknown_value='<?>' , qualify=False , separator='' ) ¶ -
(Experimental) Pretty printed representation that may be evaluated with eval. See pprint() function for more details.
-
print_param_defaults
( ) ¶ -
Print the default values of all cls’s Parameters.
-
print_param_values
( ) ¶ -
Print the values of all this object’s Parameters.
-
classmethod
sample
( dataset , samples=[] ) [source] ¶ -
Samples the gridded data into dataset of samples.
-
script_repr
( imports=[] , prefix=' ' ) ¶ -
Variant of __repr__ designed for generating a runnable script.
-
select_mask
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and a dictionary with dimension keys and selection keys (i.e tuple ranges, slices, sets, lists or literals) return a boolean mask over the rows in the Dataset object that have been selected.
-
set_default
( param_name , value ) ¶ -
Set the default value of param_name.
Equivalent to setting param_name on the class.
-
set_dynamic_time_fn
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
set_param
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
state_pop
( ) ¶ -
Restore the most recently saved state.
See state_push() for more details.
-
state_push
( ) ¶ -
Save this instance’s state.
For Parameterized instances, this includes the state of dynamically generated values.
Subclasses that maintain short-term state should additionally save and restore that state using state_push() and state_pop().
Generally, this method is used by operations that need to test something without permanently altering the objects’ state.
-
unpack_scalar
( dataset , data ) ¶ -
Given a dataset object and data in the appropriate format for the interface, return a simple scalar.
-
verbose
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a verbose message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
warning
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a warning, unless module variable warnings_as_exceptions is True, then raise an Exception containing the arguments.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
classmethod
image
Module
¶
-
class
holoviews.core.data.image.
ImageInterface
( **params ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
holoviews.core.data.grid.GridInterface
Interface for 2 or 3D arrays representing images of raw luminance values, RGB values or HSV values.
-
canonicalize
( dataset , data , coord_dims=None ) ¶ -
Canonicalize takes an array of values as input and reorients and transposes it to match the canonical format expected by plotting functions. In addition to the dataset and the particular array to apply transforms to a list of coord_dims may be supplied in case the array indexing does not match the key dimensions of the dataset.
-
cast
( dataset , datatype=None , cast_type=None ) ¶ -
Given a list of Dataset objects, cast them to the specified datatype (by default the format matching the current interface) with the given cast_type (if specified).
-
concatenate
( dataset , datatype=None ) ¶ -
Utility function to concatenate a list of Column objects, returning a new Dataset object. Note that this is unlike the .concat method which only concatenates the data.
-
debug
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a debugging statement.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
defaults
( ) ¶ -
Return {parameter_name:parameter.default} for all non-constant Parameters.
Note that a Parameter for which instantiate==True has its default instantiated.
-
force_new_dynamic_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
get_param_values
( onlychanged=False ) ¶ -
Return a list of name,value pairs for all Parameters of this object.
If onlychanged is True, will only return values that are not equal to the default value.
-
get_value_generator
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
indexed
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and selection to be applied returns boolean to indicate whether a scalar value has been indexed.
-
inspect_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
message
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
params
( parameter_name=None ) ¶ -
Return the Parameters of this class as the dictionary {name: parameter_object}
Includes Parameters from this class and its superclasses.
-
pprint
( imports=None , prefix=' ' , unknown_value='<?>' , qualify=False , separator='' ) ¶ -
(Experimental) Pretty printed representation that may be evaluated with eval. See pprint() function for more details.
-
print_param_defaults
( ) ¶ -
Print the default values of all cls’s Parameters.
-
print_param_values
( ) ¶ -
Print the values of all this object’s Parameters.
-
classmethod
sample
( dataset , samples=[] ) [source] ¶ -
Sample the Raster along one or both of its dimensions, returning a reduced dimensionality type, which is either a ItemTable, Curve or Scatter. If two dimension samples and a new_xaxis is provided the sample will be the value of the sampled unit indexed by the value in the new_xaxis tuple.
-
script_repr
( imports=[] , prefix=' ' ) ¶ -
Variant of __repr__ designed for generating a runnable script.
-
classmethod
select
( dataset , selection_mask=None , **selection ) [source] ¶ -
Slice the underlying numpy array in sheet coordinates.
-
select_mask
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and a dictionary with dimension keys and selection keys (i.e tuple ranges, slices, sets, lists or literals) return a boolean mask over the rows in the Dataset object that have been selected.
-
set_default
( param_name , value ) ¶ -
Set the default value of param_name.
Equivalent to setting param_name on the class.
-
set_dynamic_time_fn
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
set_param
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
state_pop
( ) ¶ -
Restore the most recently saved state.
See state_push() for more details.
-
state_push
( ) ¶ -
Save this instance’s state.
For Parameterized instances, this includes the state of dynamically generated values.
Subclasses that maintain short-term state should additionally save and restore that state using state_push() and state_pop().
Generally, this method is used by operations that need to test something without permanently altering the objects’ state.
-
classmethod
unpack_scalar
( dataset , data ) [source] ¶ -
Given a dataset object and data in the appropriate format for the interface, return a simple scalar.
-
classmethod
values
( dataset , dim , expanded=True , flat=True ) [source] ¶ -
The set of samples available along a particular dimension.
-
verbose
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a verbose message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
warning
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a warning, unless module variable warnings_as_exceptions is True, then raise an Exception containing the arguments.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
interface
Module
¶
-
class
holoviews.core.data.interface.
iloc
( dataset ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
object
iloc is small wrapper object that allows row, column based indexing into a Dataset using the
.iloc
property. It supports the usual numpy and pandas iloc indexing semantics including integer indices, slices, lists and arrays of values. For more information see theDataset.iloc
property docstring.
-
class
holoviews.core.data.interface.
ndloc
( dataset ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
object
ndloc is a small wrapper object that allows ndarray-like indexing for gridded Datasets using the
.ndloc
property. It supports the standard NumPy ndarray indexing semantics including integer indices, slices, lists and arrays of values. For more information see theDataset.ndloc
property docstring.
iris
Module
¶
-
class
holoviews.core.data.iris.
CubeInterface
( **params ) [source] ¶ -
Bases:
holoviews.core.data.grid.GridInterface
The CubeInterface provides allows HoloViews to interact with iris Cube data. When passing an iris Cube to a HoloViews Element the init method will infer the dimensions of the Cube from its coordinates. Currently the interface only provides the basic methods required for HoloViews to work with an object.
-
classmethod
add_dimension
( columns , dimension , dim_pos , values , vdim ) [source] ¶ -
Adding value dimensions not currently supported by iris interface. Adding key dimensions not possible on dense interfaces.
-
classmethod
aggregate
( columns , kdims , function , **kwargs ) [source] ¶ -
Aggregation currently not implemented.
-
canonicalize
( dataset , data , coord_dims=None ) ¶ -
Canonicalize takes an array of values as input and reorients and transposes it to match the canonical format expected by plotting functions. In addition to the dataset and the particular array to apply transforms to a list of coord_dims may be supplied in case the array indexing does not match the key dimensions of the dataset.
-
cast
( dataset , datatype=None , cast_type=None ) ¶ -
Given a list of Dataset objects, cast them to the specified datatype (by default the format matching the current interface) with the given cast_type (if specified).
-
concatenate
( dataset , datatype=None ) ¶ -
Utility function to concatenate a list of Column objects, returning a new Dataset object. Note that this is unlike the .concat method which only concatenates the data.
-
debug
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a debugging statement.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
defaults
( ) ¶ -
Return {parameter_name:parameter.default} for all non-constant Parameters.
Note that a Parameter for which instantiate==True has its default instantiated.
-
force_new_dynamic_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
get_param_values
( onlychanged=False ) ¶ -
Return a list of name,value pairs for all Parameters of this object.
If onlychanged is True, will only return values that are not equal to the default value.
-
get_value_generator
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
classmethod
groupby
( dataset , dims , container_type=<class 'holoviews.core.spaces.HoloMap'> , group_type=None , **kwargs ) [source] ¶ -
Groups the data by one or more dimensions returning a container indexed by the grouped dimensions containing slices of the cube wrapped in the group_type. This makes it very easy to break up a high-dimensional dataset into smaller viewable chunks.
-
indexed
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and selection to be applied returns boolean to indicate whether a scalar value has been indexed.
-
inspect_value
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
message
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
params
( parameter_name=None ) ¶ -
Return the Parameters of this class as the dictionary {name: parameter_object}
Includes Parameters from this class and its superclasses.
-
pprint
( imports=None , prefix=' ' , unknown_value='<?>' , qualify=False , separator='' ) ¶ -
(Experimental) Pretty printed representation that may be evaluated with eval. See pprint() function for more details.
-
print_param_defaults
( ) ¶ -
Print the default values of all cls’s Parameters.
-
print_param_values
( ) ¶ -
Print the values of all this object’s Parameters.
-
classmethod
range
( dataset , dimension ) [source] ¶ -
Computes the range along a particular dimension.
-
script_repr
( imports=[] , prefix=' ' ) ¶ -
Variant of __repr__ designed for generating a runnable script.
-
classmethod
select
( dataset , selection_mask=None , **selection ) [source] ¶ -
Apply a selection to the data.
-
select_mask
( dataset , selection ) ¶ -
Given a Dataset object and a dictionary with dimension keys and selection keys (i.e tuple ranges, slices, sets, lists or literals) return a boolean mask over the rows in the Dataset object that have been selected.
-
classmethod
select_to_constraint
( dataset , selection ) [source] ¶ -
Transform a selection dictionary to an iris Constraint.
-
set_default
( param_name , value ) ¶ -
Set the default value of param_name.
Equivalent to setting param_name on the class.
-
set_dynamic_time_fn
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
set_param
= <functools.partial object> ¶
-
state_pop
( ) ¶ -
Restore the most recently saved state.
See state_push() for more details.
-
state_push
( ) ¶ -
Save this instance’s state.
For Parameterized instances, this includes the state of dynamically generated values.
Subclasses that maintain short-term state should additionally save and restore that state using state_push() and state_pop().
Generally, this method is used by operations that need to test something without permanently altering the objects’ state.
-
unpack_scalar
( dataset , data ) ¶ -
Given a dataset object and data in the appropriate format for the interface, return a simple scalar.
-
classmethod
values
( dataset , dim , expanded=True , flat=True ) [source] ¶ -
Returns an array of the values along the supplied dimension.
-
verbose
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a verbose message.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
warning
( msg , *args , **kw ) ¶ -
Print msg merged with args as a warning, unless module variable warnings_as_exceptions is True, then raise an Exception containing the arguments.
See Python’s logging module for details of message formatting.
-
classmethod


Across: 1,12dn. "Times II" is answer for Australian bumper poll (6 11) 5. Relax graft (8) 9. Upset over longer-range appointment (8-7) 10. Blessed do-gooder comes back - she is holier than thou! (7) 11. City's company board dissolved (7) 14. Saint's home donkey is one (6) 15. Small place with pigs at the trough - about right for some preaching (8) 17. Media services heal CNN's sickness (8) 19. Carriage for leadership group (6) 21. 1000 rupees: oddly grand (7) 23. Newspaper writing some architectural features (7) 25. see 18dn 27. Strangely deaf about vehicle provided for in budget (8) 28. A tense but vibrant 8 (6) Down: 2. Old sour donuts, oddly aromatic (7) 3. Weird banner designed for money maker (11) 4. Imaginary telephonist emerges from her nest in Eden (9) 5.  (4) 6. Daily leader involved in spelling out core beliefs (5) 7. Said to leave extra (3) 8. Where members sit and refuse pot (7) 12. see 1ac 13. A service for group (5) 16. Some members to sin: anal shenanigans! (9) 18,25ac. 8 - various sheep sent to free party (5 2 15) 20. Sort confused set ... most generous (7) 22. Back hollow desire, all things considered (5) 24. She described children going on adventures and returning to have dinner (4) 26. Heads to Rome, immortal olympic city (3)


var cubed_data = [];
for (let i = 0; i <= 10; i++) cubed_data.push({ x_value: i, y_value: i * i * i });
C3 Area Plot A simple static area graph.
Generate the Data
Generate the data to visualize. The data to visualize has to be an array. This example demonstrates that it can be an array of anything. Accessor functions are used to pull out various aspects of the data, such as x and y values.
This creates an array of objects. Each element in the array in an
object with an x_value
and a y_value
. The x_value
‘s go from 0 to 10 and the y_value
‘s
are the x value cubed.
var cubed_data = [];
for (let i = 0; i <= 10; i++) cubed_data.push({ x_value: i, y_value: i * i * i });
Create a C3 Plot
Create a c3.Plot
chart and attach it to a specific div anchor in the DOM. Assign it a specific
height and a relative width and bind it to the generated cubed_data
. The height and width are optional
and could be setup using CSS, JQuery, or any other DOM manipulation instead.
var area_example = new c3.Plot({
anchor: '#area_example_plot',
height: 300,
width: "75%",
data: cubed_data,
Setup the horizontal and vertical scales for the plot.Scales are based on D3 scales. When preparing scales for C3 setup the domain based on your user units. C3 will take care of the range, which will represent pixels.
h: d3.scale.linear().domain([0, 10]), // horizontal scale
v: d3.scale.linear().domain([0, 1000]), // vertical scale
Accessor functions which describe how to get x and y values from the user data.
x: (d) => d.x_value,
y: (d) => d.y_value,
Reserve margins for the top and right of the plot.This is done to allow the axis labels to fully display. This is needed because most browsers currently don’t support overflow: visible for svg elements.
margins: {
top: 10,
right: 20,
},
Setup c3.Axis
objects. C3 plots may have up to 4 axes attached for the top, bottom,
left, and right of plots. Axes may also be created independent of plots for layout flexibility
which is covered in another example. These axes also enable grid lines in the plot. They are
dotted lines because of styles setup in the examples.less
stylesheet.
axes: [
new c3.Axis.X({
tick_size: 10,
grid: true,
}),
new c3.Axis.Y({
grid: true,
}),
],
Plots do not render any data by themselves. Instead, they host a set of layers which are
superimposed on the plot to visualize the same or different data sets. There are different
types of layers such as line graphs, scatter plots, swim - lane segments, etc. This example
just uses a very simple area plot. The interpolate: 'basis'
causes the rendered path to use
a smooth curve based on the data points instead of straight linear sections.
layers: [
new c3.Plot.Layer.Area({
interpolate: 'basis', // Make a smooth curve using "basis" interpolation
}),
],
});
Resize the chart to fit the window
window.onresize = () => {
area_example.resize();
}
Render the chart!
area_example.render();


TIME\&.CONF
Section: Linux\-PAM Manual (5)Updated: 03/02/2009
Index Return to Main Contents
time.conf - configuration file for the pam_time module
DESCRIPTION
The pam_time PAM module does not authenticate the user, but instead it restricts access to a system and or specific applications at various times of the day and on specific days or over various terminal lines. This module can be configured to deny access to (individual) users based on their name, the time of day, the day of week, the service they are applying for and their terminal from which they are making their request.
For this module to function correctly there must be a correctly formatted FC/etc/security/time.confF[] file present. White spaces are ignored and lines maybe extended with '\' (escaped newlines). Text following a '#' is ignored to the end of the line.
The syntax of the lines is as follows:
services;ttys;users;times
In words, each rule occupies a line, terminated with a newline or the beginning of a comment; a '#'. It contains four fields separated with semicolons, ';'.
The first field, the services field, is a logic list of PAM service names that the rule applies to.
The second field, the tty field, is a logic list of terminal names that this rule applies to.
The third field, the users field, is a logic list of users or a netgroup of users to whom this rule applies.
For these items the simple wildcard '*' may be used only once. With netgroups no wildcards or logic operators are allowed.
The times field is used to indicate the times at which this rule applies. The format here is a logic list of day/time-range entries. The days are specified by a sequence of two character entries, MoTuSa for example is Monday Tuesday and Saturday. Note that repeated days are unset MoMo = no day, and MoWk = all weekdays bar Monday. The two character combinations accepted are Mo Tu We Th Fr Sa Su Wk Wd Al, the last two being week-end days and all 7 days of the week respectively. As a final example, AlFr means all days except Friday.
Each day/time-range can be prefixed with a '!' to indicate "anything but". The time-range part is two 24-hour times HHMM, separated by a hyphen, indicating the start and finish time (if the finish time is smaller than the start time it is deemed to apply on the following day).
For a rule to be active, ALL of service+ttys+users must be satisfied by the applying process.
Note, currently there is no daemon enforcing the end of a session. This needs to be remedied.
Poorly formatted rules are logged as errors using syslog(3).
EXAMPLES
These are some example lines which might be specified in FC/etc/security/time.confF[].
All users except for root are denied access to console-login at all times:
-
login ; tty* & !ttyp* ; !root ; !Al0000-2400
Games (configured to use PAM) are only to be accessed out of working hours. This rule does not apply to the user waster:
-
games ; * ; !waster ; Wd0000-2400 | Wk1800-0800
SEE ALSO
AUTHOR
pam_time was written by Andrew G. Morgan<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:34:00 GMT, December 24, 2015


| F1. Does the system require reliable backup and
recovery? |
|
| F2. Are data communications required? |
|
| F3. Are there distributed processing functions? |
|
| F4. Is performance critical? |
|
| F5. Will the system run in a existing, heavily utilized
operational environment? |
|
| F6. Does the system require on-line data entry? |
|
| F7. Does the on-line data entry require the input
transaction to be built over multiple screens or operations? |
|
| F8. Are the master files updated on-line? |
|
| F9. Are the inputs, outputs, files or inquiries
complex? |
|
| F10. Is the internal processing complex? |
|
| F11. Is the code designed to be reusable? |
|
| F12. Are conversion and installation included in the design? |
|
| F13. Is the system designed for multiple installations in
different organizations? |
|
| F14. Is the application designed to facilitate change and
ease of use by the user? |
|


--- title: "BOTANICAL DRAWING 1" date: "2000-01-01 19:06:10 -06:00" categories: - adult - eh subtitle: "" layout: "events" event-image: "botanical-drawing-1.jpg" event-dates: "JUNE 10 - JULY 1" event-location: "Red Butte Garden Classroom" button-type: "register" tickets-link: "https://55218.blackbaudhosting.com/55218/Botanical-Drawing-1-10Jun2019" registration-info: "Class Limit: 12" instructor-info: "Elaine Hultgren" member-cost: "$151" public-cost: "$188" event-notes: "" tickets-button: "" published: false ---
MONDAYS, JUNE 10 - JULY 1 6 - 9PM
REGISTRATION REQUIRED
This is a foundation class that introduces artists to the basics of botanical drawing with graphite pencils and the technical properties of drawing materials e.g. papers, erasers etc. Students will learn the vocabulary of drawing and will develop good observation skills. In addition, artists will complete a series of exercises and will draw using a photo and/or a live plant.
Materials for artist to bring to class:
I will have K. West’s book and other drawing books at the class for you to examine.
If you have questions please e-mail me at ehult@cox.net


Services Offerings
All rooms are air conditioned with direct dial and furnished with premium bedding.All rooms with
attached baths with running hot and cold water.All rooms include LED televisions with cable
programming, a desk for business traveller, in-room safe , refrigerator for your use during
your stay, same day laundry service.Daily newspaper service, Doctor on call, Phone/Fax,
Assistance on car rental.Uniterrupted power supply.Air/Train/Bus Tickets.Complimentary
wireless Internet access is also available in all rooms
Complimentary Railway Station Transfer,Airport Transfer-Rs.250(One side).All major credit
cards accepcted except American Express.
Fine blend of aesthetics and shape,practically and flexibility makes our hall ideal for social
gatherings,kitty parties,special occasions,seminars and conferences.Seating capacity upto 60
people.
Multi-Cuisine kitchen offers room service from 7:00 am - 11:00pm.Our TAndoori Restaurant
offer dine-in,parcel/takeaway and home delivery services from 7:00 am - 11:00pm
people.
Rs.42,000/-
15 Rooms + Morning Breakfast


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Select a puzzle set to start playing.
About
Some experimental puzzles in the style of (but not associated with) The Witness. This builds on the concepts and symbols from The Witness, so there is little point in trying these puzzles if you have not played it. Code on GitHub. Author @juhosnellman.
Controls
Arrow keys / WASD to steer. Hold down shift to increase speed. Space to reset puzzle. Page up / page down to move between puzzles.
Select puzzle set:


Attention: I sincerely apologize for intruding into your privacy, especially by contacting you through this means for a business transaction of this magnitude, but due to its seriousness and urgency it therefore became necessary for me to seek for your assistance. A random draw conducted by our law firm, (Friggs & Co Chambers,) in Lagos,Nigeria and Your name and e-mail address was selected. I am Barrister Greg Friggs, the Legal Adviser and counsel to a deceased expatriate contractor (Mr. Philip) who used to work with Zenith Oil and Gas Company here in Nigeria thereafter shall be referred as my late client. On the December 26th 2003, my client and his entire family died in a plane crash in cotonou, Benin Republic. You will read more stories about the crash on visiting this website: www.cnn.com/2003/WORLD/africa/12/26/benin.crash/ He was a well known philanthropist before he died, he made a Will stating that $4.5m(Four Million Five Hundred Thousand USA Dollars Only) should be donated to any Philanthropist of our choice overseas.We have made a random draw where your name and e-mail address was picked as the beneficiary to this Will. I am particularly interested in securing this money from the bank,because they have issued a notice instructing us to produce the beneficiary of this Will within two weeks or else the money will be credited to the Government treasury as per law here. It is my utmost desire to execute the Will of our late client (Mr.Philip) in your favour and therefore, you are required to contact me immediately to start the process of sending this money to any or your designated official account. Please act fast and contact me via my private email address<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Regards, Barrister Greg Friggs


--- layout: post title: I Won a Soulemama Giveaway date: 2011-01-05 08:49:35.000000000 -05:00 categories: - Celebrations - Recommendations tags: - Barn Light Electric - Soulemama - Soulemama Giveaway status: draft type: post published: false meta: aktt_notify_twitter: 'no' _edit_last: '1' author: login: cint email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Jacinta first_name: Jacinta last_name: '' ---
and I'm excited (if you remember Big Kev I'm talking that kind of excited!). The giveaway is a lovely enamel pendant light fitting from Barn Light Electric. There are two style from which to choose one (Both Pictured below). I think I will possibly go for the white, but the Jadite looks lovely too. Decisions, decisions! Thank you Soulemama and thank you Barn Light Electric.


Password Reset Invalid
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Technologies
The giant six-wheeled concept vehicle is made entirely of carbon fibre and aluminium, the electric and solar-powered truck is 28 feet (8.5m) long, 13 feet (4m) wide, and designed to accommodate four astronauts. It even has its own detachable laboratory, for extraterrestrial fieldwork.
Mars Rovers Spirit and Opportunity are 6-wheeled, remotely operated explorers on the planet Mars. Powered by a bank of solar cells on its upper surface, each Mars Exploration Rover (MER) has advanced communication capabilities that allow it to keep in touch with orbiting probes and directly with Earth. In addition, the MERs—Spirit and Opportunity—each carry an array of seven tools for exploring the surface of Mars.
Pre designed ship with little released details released. Future launch in 10 - 20 years according to NASA to deploy human to another planet.


Test Webcam in Browser but I want to switch this to Capacitor
I make simple Machine Learning Web Apps at https://www.rocksetta.com/tensorflowjs/
and a streaming webcam is a necessity Hopefully someone can help get this working at least as a Capacitor WPA.


A few of my favorite things
Favorite Foods
Sushi
Salmon
Pasta
Steak
Ribs
Favorite Movies
Spiderman
X-Men
Avengers
Batman
Superman
My Home page
Some Other Page


--- title: Code for Chicago description: We are technologists, researchers, community advocates, and social justice advocates working together to improve Chicago. layout: default permalink: /workwithus/ ---


HOME
CONNECTIONS
TECH SPECS
ABOUT
SOCNET Information Exchange Project
Project for
NYU Intercep
. Participants include:
Rohit Saraf
Channi Greenwall
Karan Katliwala
Carroll Shen
Dennis Fenchenko
Fabian Hough
Wen Ma


Java and JavaScript have a common feature that allows us to break out of
nested loops, e.g. in Java we may write:
As you can see first we label outer for loop with OUTER_LOOP label, then we use
break label_name syntax to tell compiler which loop we want to break.
Likewise in JavaScript we may write:
both programs will print:
TIP: You can use continue instead of break and it will work too.
I think most of you knew this already, but what’s more interesting is that you can break
out of any nested code block, for example in Java:
this program will print when run:
And similarly in JavaScript you can write:
Ability to break nested loops and to jump out of nested code blocks is not
something that you do on everyday job, but once in a year it may become handy.