argparse and the Argument Parser
Mocking the argeparse ArgumentParser might not seem like a necessary thing, since you can pass in a list of strings to fake the command-line arguments, but I ran into trouble trying to figure out how to test it embedded in one of my classes so I thought I would explore it anyway, out of curiosity if nothing else. I am primarily interested in mocking the calls to sys.argv to see how it works.
sys.argv Calls
Using the mock_calls list from mock can be useful in figuring out how an object is being used.
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser()
parser.add_argument('--debug', action='store_true')
parser.add_argument('-d')
sys = MagicMock()
with patch('sys.argv', sys):
args = parser.parse_args()
for item in sys.mock_calls:
print item
print args
call.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
call.__getitem__().__iter__()
call.__getitem__().__getitem__(slice(0, None, None))
call.__getitem__().__getitem__().__iter__()
call.__getitem__().__getitem__().__len__()
Namespace(d=None, debug=False)
The getitem and slice
The first thing to note is the __getitem__ calls. According to the documentation it is:
Called to implement evaluation of self[key]. For sequence types, the accepted keys should be integers and slice objects.
So it looks like it is first using the built-in slice function to get a particular argument. According to the documentation the arguments are the same as for the range function (start, stop, step).
So it looks like it is doing the equivalent of [1:] in the first slice:
test = [0,1,2]
# what does it do?
print test.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
# are they the same?
print test[1:] == test.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
[1, 2]
True
One thing to note is that slice(1) is not the same thing as slice(1, None, None):
print slice(1)
print slice(1, None, None)
slice(None, 1, None)
slice(1, None, None)
Trying a lambda
So, if I give __getitem__ a function to return the arguments I want, will this work?
sys.__getitem__ = lambda x,y: ['--debug']
with patch('sys.argv', sys):
args = parser.parse_args()
for item in sys.mock_calls:
print item
print args
call.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
call.__getitem__().__iter__()
call.__getitem__().__getitem__(slice(0, None, None))
call.__getitem__().__getitem__().__iter__()
call.__getitem__().__getitem__().__len__()
Namespace(d=None, debug=True)
It looks like it does, but would it be better to just make argv a list?
argv as a list
args = ['--debug']
def getitem(index):
return args[index]
# make a new mock since I set __getitem__ to a lambda function
sys = MagicMock()
sys.__getitem__.side_effect = getitem
with patch('sys.argv', sys):
parsed_args = parser.parse_args()
for item in sys.mock_calls:
print item
print parsed_args
call.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
Namespace(d=None, debug=False)
It now does not make the other calls and it also does not set the debug to True, so it did not work.
But I seem to have forgotten my earlier slice check -- it is starting at the second item. I think that normally the name of the program is the first thing passed in so maybe there needs to be an extra (first) entry to simulate the command name.
Adding a Command Name
args = 'commandname --debug'.split()
def getitem(index):
return args[index]
sys.__getitem__.side_effect = getitem
with patch('sys.argv', sys):
parsed_args = parser.parse_args()
for item in sys.mock_calls:
print item
print parsed_args
call.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
call.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
Namespace(d=None, debug=True)
It looks like it worked, and all but the first two calls went away, so it perhaps they were a result of me using the mock, not a normal part of the way parse_args works.
The Whole Thing
Okay, but what about the option -d?
args = 'commandname -d cow --debug'.split()
def getitem(index):
return args[index]
sys.__getitem__.side_effect = getitem
with patch('sys.argv', sys):
try:
parsed_args = parser.parse_args()
except Exception as error:
print error
for item in sys.mock_calls:
print item
print parsed_args
call.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
call.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
call.__getitem__(slice(1, None, None))
Namespace(d='cow', debug=True)
Well, that was kind of painful. On the one hand, I got it to work, on the other hand, I do not really know what the slice is doing since it seems to slice the same items over and over. I think, looking at the first set of calls, after the initial slice it manipulates the sliced copy and since I am passing a real list instead of a mock, the calls are now hidden.
Looking at the Code
I downloaded the python 2.7 code and looked in argparse.py and found this:
def parse_args(self, args=None, namespace=None):
args, argv = self.parse_known_args(args, namespace)
There is more to that function, but since it is calling parse_known_args I jumped to it:
def parse_known_args(self, args=None, namespace=None):
if args is None:
# args default to the system args
args = _sys.argv[1:]
Once again there is more code after that, but this explains the slice that is seen in the calls.
Later on it calls:
namespace, args = self._parse_known_args(args, namespace)
So jumping to _parse_known_args:
arg_strings_iter = iter(arg_strings)
for i, arg_string in enumerate(arg_strings_iter):
which I think explains the __iter__ call in the first set of calls. I tried stepping through the code with pudb but could only find one slice, I am not sure what the other calls were for. I suppose it would have been smarter to look at the source code first, but this is about figuring out how to use mock so I think it was helpful to try it empirically first. No fair peeking in the back of the book until you have tried at least once.


AstMongo is a class to handle and manage Asterisk objects with ast_mongo.
is specified for configuration of ast_mongo.
Connect to the specified db.
Disonnect to the specified db.
Generated using TypeDoc
AstMongo is a class to handle and manage Asterisk objects with ast_mongo.


Account Name:
Display Name:
E-mail Address:
Phone Number:
Date of birth:
Zipcode:
Password:
Password Confirmation:
Login


A class to represent dates.
More...
#include <Date.h>
|
|
| Date () |
| | default date
|
| |
| | Date (unsigned int day, unsigned int month, unsigned int year, unsigned int hours, unsigned int minutes) |
| | Sets the date with the integer numbers provided. More...
|
| |
| | Date (const std::string &date) |
| | Sets the date with a given string. More...
|
| |
| virtual std::string | getString () const |
| | Converts a date in a string. Useful to show during outputs. More...
|
| |
| Date | operator+ (const Date &d1) const |
| | Adds two dates (or a date and a duration) together and returns the final value. More...
|
| |
| bool | operator== (const Date &d2) const |
| | Checks whether the two dates are the same. More...
|
| |
| bool | operator< (const Date &d2) const |
| |
| bool | operator> (const Date &d2) const |
| | Checks whether the first date is after the second. More...
|
| |
|
virtual void | checkIfValid () const |
| | Sees if a date is valid or not (year, month, day in correct range), throwing adequate exception if not.
|
| |
| unsigned int | getDaysInMonth () const |
| | Searches for the number of days that a month has. More...
|
| |
|
|
unsigned int | _hours {} |
| |
|
unsigned int | _minutes {} |
| |
A class to represent dates.
◆ Date() [1/2]
| Date::Date |
( |
unsigned int |
day, |
|
|
unsigned int |
month, |
|
|
unsigned int |
year, |
|
|
unsigned int |
hours, |
|
|
unsigned int |
minutes |
|
) |
| |
Sets the date with the integer numbers provided.
- Parameters
-
| day | sets the day |
| month | sets the month |
| year | sets the year |
| hours | sets the hours |
| minutes | sets the minutes |
◆ Date() [2/2]
| Date::Date |
( |
const std::string & |
date | ) |
|
|
explicit |
Sets the date with a given string.
- Parameters
-
| date | the date in the form of a string |
◆ getDaysInMonth()
| unsigned int Date::getDaysInMonth |
( |
| ) |
const |
Searches for the number of days that a month has.
- Returns
- The number of days of a specific month
◆ getString()
| std::string Date::getString |
( |
| ) |
const |
|
virtual |
Converts a date in a string. Useful to show during outputs.
- Returns
- A string with the date in DD/MM/YYYY HH:mm
Reimplemented in Duration.
◆ operator+()
| Date Date::operator+ |
( |
const Date & |
d1 | ) |
const |
Adds two dates (or a date and a duration) together and returns the final value.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- A final date corresponding to the addition of two dates or a date and a duration
◆ operator<()
| bool Date::operator< |
( |
const Date & |
d2 | ) |
const |
Checks whether the first date is before the second Compares two dates and checks if the first one is before de second.
- Returns
- Whether the first date is before the second one
◆ operator==()
| bool Date::operator== |
( |
const Date & |
d2 | ) |
const |
Checks whether the two dates are the same.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- Whether a date is equal to another
◆ operator>()
| bool Date::operator> |
( |
const Date & |
d2 | ) |
const |
Checks whether the first date is after the second.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- Whether the first date is after the second one
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:
- C:/Users/Sofia/Documents/GitHub/Projeto_AEDA_1_HouseMaster/src/Date.h
- C:/Users/Sofia/Documents/GitHub/Projeto_AEDA_1_HouseMaster/src/Date.cpp


 The{% endraw %}
{% raw %}young surveyor rose, shouldered his kit, and stood in the{% endraw %}
{% raw %}doorway. " Take care of yourself. Doc. Don't let Ed do any{% endraw %}
{% raw %}cooking untU he gets over his pet, or he might poison us, in{% endraw %}
{% raw %}good earnest;" saying which, the young man turned his face{% endraw %}
{% raw %}toward the western prairie, whistling gayly as he went.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}" Flag's a good feUow," said Doc, thoughtfully; " long may{% endraw %}
{% raw %}he wave I"{% endraw %}
{% raw %}CHAPTER III.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}THE TRAGEDY IN THE TIMBER.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}The beauty of this late May morning seemed to have{% endraw %}
{% raw %}called abroad every thing animate. Birds sung merrily from{% endraw %}
{% raw %}the neighboring woodland—the sly and graceful prairie-wolf{% endraw %}
{% raw %}leaped noiselessly through the grass within a few rods of the{% endraw %}
{% raw %}passer-by—great, fat, lazy and harmless snakes lay coiled up{% endraw %}
{% raw %}in pairs on the sunniest banks, and already small yellow{% endraw %}
{% raw %}cutterflies fluttered around the wild pinks, larkspurs and{% endraw %}
{% raw %}honeysuckles.{% endraw %}
{% raw %}Henry Edwards and Frederick Allen, the Doc and Squire{% endraw %}
{% raw %}of the foregoing chapter, could not restrain their pleasure as{% endraw %}
{% raw %}they trod buoyantly along the way to their claim. Their{% endraw %}
{% raw %}path lay along a ridge of the bluffs which divides the prairie{% endraw %}
{% raw %}from the timber land; on one side an ocean of green land{% endraw %}
{% raw %}Ijillcws; on the other a sloping forest, going down, down, for{% endraw %}
{% raw %}a mile of irregular descent, until it came to the banks of the{% endraw %}
{% raw %}mighty Missouri, glimpses of which could be seen here aud{% endraw %}
{% raw %}there, through long green vistas, made by ravines traversing{% endraw %}
{% raw %}the bluffs in a downward direction to the river. The sky{% endraw %}
{% raw %}had tl^ beautiful azure hue which denotes a pure atmosphere;{% endraw %}
{% raw %}the sun shone brUIiantly; and to the two young men who{% endraw %}


Your cup is waiting.
About Cafe Neuvo
Coffee matters with us. Originally from Europe, we came here with a mission to bring the love of coffee to Vancouver. We
believe a good cup starts with a cup of care and that philosophy is behind everything we serve here. Come here to
discover what makes us unique. Your coffee is waiting.
We are proud to share our homemade made lattes and baked goods. The recipes have been passed down through generations
and we are honoured to make them a part of our cafe. All ingredients are organically selected, with no animal cruelty involved.
Here at Cafe Neuvo, we believe in a sustainable Earth, so we do not provide straws unless requested.
| DRINK | |
|---|---|
| Drip Coffee | 4 |
| Espresso | 3 |
| Latte | 5 |
| Loose Leaf Tea | 3 |
| London Fog | 4 |
| Iced Infused Tea | 5 |


About Benjamin Franklin's Thirteen Virtues
- Temperance. Eat not to dullness; drink not to elevation.
- Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation.
- Order. Let all your things have their places; let each part of your business have its time.
- Resolution.
- Frugality. Make no expense but to do good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing.
- Industry. Lose no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut off all unnecessary actions.
- Sincerity. Use no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if you speak, speak accordingly.
- Justice. Wrong none by doing injuries, or omitting the benefits that are your duty.
- Moderation. Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so much as you think they deserve.
- Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness in body, cloaths, or habitation.
- Tranquillity. Be not disturbed at trifles, or at accidents common or unavoidable.
- Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or offspring, never to dullness, weakness, or the injury of your own or another's peace or reputation.
- Humility. Imitate Jesus and Socrates.


MSG_GEN_VIEW_DETERMINE_VIS_PARENT
Some messages supported by the view may be used as general utilities. Most of these, however, will never be needed by applications.
optr MSG_GEN_VIEW_DETERMINE_VIS_PARENT( optr child);
This message returns the optr of the visible parent for a GenView's child object. This is used by the GenView's children during its specific-UI building and should not be needed by applications.
Source: A generic child of the GenView.
Destination: The GenView being specifically built.
Parameters:
child
The optr of the child to get the visible parent of.
Return: The optr of the visible parent.
Interception: Should not be intercepted.
void MSG_GEN_VIEW_SEND_NOTIFICATION();
This message is part of the GenViewControl mechanism and is used almost exclusively by the GenView. It sends the special notification from the GenView to the controller, if needed.
Source: Part of GenView control mechanism.
Destination: Any GenView object.
Interception: Generally not intercepted.
void MSG_GEN_VIEW_SET_CONTROLLED_ATTRS( GenViewControlAttrs controlAttrs, word scaleFactor);
This message sets attributes controlled by the GenViewControl.
Source: Typically a GenViewControl object, automatically.
Destination: A controlled GenView object.
Parameters:
controlAttrs
A record of
GenViewControlAttrs
flags indicating the attributes to be set.
scaleFactor
Return: Nothing.
Interception: Generally not intercepted.


How I started Coding | in a third world country
Few years ago, I got struck with an idea of learning how to code, before this period I knew nothing about coding or computer programming. So with my android phone [tecno pop-2]; I started learning how to code online I couldn't find anyone around to teach me. I started my first html mark-up on freecodecamp. began taking part in the tutorials and challenges I then downloaded my first coding app{dcoder} I also watched alot of YouTube videos and pdfs [thanks to the school hotspot].
Gradually things began to unfold as I begin designing simple web pages using only html5,just after few month i dive into complete css3 when i discovered i have to make my designes responsive and attractive[that's the foundation of Modern web designes]. my love for coding grew day by day, now even though i have not tasted any real programming language itself[javascript,query,] or use any framework like[bootstrap,materialize e.ts] still i was optimistic keep in mind that a journey of a thousand mile begins with a step. the need to learn coding came to me when i observed that must businesses and companies take thier web-base component and data management serious [this approacg has made alot of diffence],must businesses now are online based I believe with the knowledge of computer programming it will open new doors of opportunities and challenges that will aid in achieving my dreams and vision as a business scientist[ I coined this title for myself 2years ago] 'i.e. am hoping to apply my knowledge in sciences and all other field of life into creating a team that will provide and meet global demands especailly in agriculture and medicine and importantly e-learning'.
now have alomost perfected front-end technologies, including html5,css3,javascript and used framework like bootstrap, node.js, owl carousel,jquery. this article was wriiten primarily to inspire youngster regardless of race,religion,nationality you can do whatever you put your mind into, if you are passionate about that thing go for it, i must say it will be challenging. there were many times when o fell giving up, but beacause am doing this not beacause someone is forcing me to it. i decided to dive into this,becouse i love it. this believe has kept me going...
So, it’s been few years now since I started coding,my work as a young emerging entrepreneur and leader… Am also interested in public speaking which I will do occasionally when given the chance to advice coming generation into tapping into their God given talent and skills……no body is a dummy[although some think they are] we all have the chances to make great impact this world no matter how small it is.
Looking into the future, all I see is great impact, life changing works am so excited and hoping to get their there soon….
As regards to what others think, computer programming has little to do with formal education, you do not require a university degree to start it, all that is required is your curiosity,confidence and courage to start
so coding is for anyone regardless of what you are studying computer programming is the language of the future just as you learn how to write so that can nderstand what you read you don’t need a scribe or sort of expert to that for you [this how done until 1400] now,that you know how to read that has brought you so much knowledge and helped & kept you from ignorance and illiteracy…SO is the need to learn computer are an artist, baller, lecturer ,teacher or anything at all, this apply especially to student; the course you study In the university may have nothing to do with your future career. Discover what you enjoy doing and spend quality time doing it, beacause you will spend the rest of your life in it…
So computer programming and web development has become an added advantage for me…how do I get started? If this is the question bothering you then I ask, do you have an android phone?
Then you can start, do you have a computer then you are ready. Remember you cannot know it all,this is a very broad industry; ask goooooooogle go to YouTube and download videos on computer language you can’t finish all the videos online and it enough for you to get started. The demands for computer programmer is increasing greatly as many start-ups are moving to online, businesses are This is a very great moment at the history of humanity, where technology is taking over and eating up every strata of the society. Things that once require the use of hand and manually done is now automated, with great precision and efficiency.


Background Checking: Background Requests
Recommendation, 2006 Feb 28
Editors: Craig Corner, HireCheck; Chuck Allen, HR-XML Consortium, Inc.
Contributors:
Brad Whitney, American Background; Sue Morgan, HireCheck; Mark Sulimirski, ChoicePoint; Paul Kiel, HR-XML Consortium, Inc.; Dan Gagne, HireRight; Owen Wilson, Total Information Services, Inc.; Ralph Jimenez and Gary Nargiz, EdVerify, Mark Jones; Kim Bartkus, HR-XML Consortium
Copyright statement
©2006 HR-XML. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Abstract
HR-XML’s Background Checking specification supports requests to providers of employment screening services and the return of search results. The specification consists of a number of components, one of which is the BackgroundCheck Requests specification. As the name implies, the BackgroundCheck Requests specification defines messages to support background-check requests to third-party service providers.
Status of this Document
The key words "MUST", "MUST NOT", "REQUIRED", "SHALL", "SHALL NOT", "SHOULD", "SHOULD NOT", "RECOMMENDED", "MAY", and "OPTIONAL" in this document are to be interpreted as described in RFC 2119.
Table of Contents
3 Implementation Considerations
3.2 Laws Governing Background Checks
3.3 Required/Recommended Fields
4 Appendix A – Document Version History
5 Appendix B – Related Documents
6 Appendix C – Reference Examples
7 Appendix D - Required/Recommended Fields Chart
The BackgroundCheck Requests specification is a component of the HR-XML Consortium’s Background Checking specification.
The entire Background Checking specification is explained in
a separate overview document:
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/Screening/US/BackgroundChecking.html
This document contains only the definitions for the schema used for background check requests.
The BackgroundCheck Requests specification also makes extensive use of the Consortium’s approved “Cross Process Objects” (CPOs). A list of documentation for the Consortium’s complete set of CPOs can be found in Appendix B.
The following changes were made to the Background Requests 2.1 specification. The schema, documentation and instances have been updated accordingly.
Background Check schema and Background Requests documentation
· Added optional element BackgroundSearchPackage\ProcessingInformation
· Added optional element BackgroundSearchPackage\SupportingDocumentation
· Added SearchDrug to Screenings schema, which affected this specification.
· Added AdmittedChargeSummary to Screenings schema, which affected this specification.
The Background Requests specification defines a schema that can be used to structure background check requests to providers of employment screening services.
The HR-XML Consortium’s Background Requests 2.0 specification was built upon the Consortium’s original background check specification. Wherever possible, the HR-XML Consortium’s Screening Workgroup attempted to make the schema for background check requests backwardly compatible with the original version of the specification.
|
Component Name [Global types listed at the end of the table.] |
ContentModel* |
Definition |
|
/ |
- BackgroundCheckType - (1/1) |
Root element for Background Check schema, which is designed to hold data necessary to execute requests for one or more types of screenings. |
|
/
BackgroundCheck/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
A trading-partner identifier. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/ |
type - xsd:string
- optional |
Container to describe screening request information for a single search subject. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- xsd:string - |
Further defines the associated
element in the context provided. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- xsd:string - |
Indicates if the associated information is an update to existing information such as a missing information. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/ BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
AccessCredential - AccessCredentialType - S
(0/*) |
Contains additional details related to an applicant. Contextual: The typical use of AccessCredential within this element would be in the situation where we are working with an ATS or other 3rd party that will be sending searches on behalf of a number of mutual clients. This Access Credential will contain the account information for the mutual client. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/ BackgroundSearchPackage/
ProcessingInformation/ |
- AccessCredentialType - S (0/*) |
Information required to login to an account or document. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ ProcessingInformation/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
Provides a means for overriding a clients standard scope of work. [Example: scenario where the TPA is to run criminal searches only on the primary name, however, for this specific search subject they may want to run criminal searches on a prior name. ] |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
A trading-partner specific identifier. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- ReferralType - S (0/1) |
This element contains the point of contact for the screening company in the event that there is missing information that the client must provide before the screening can be completed. In larger companies, there can be a number of individuals within an organization responsible for the hiring process. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- ReferralType - S (0/*) |
Contains information about the organization. Annotation: Identifies the organization that the search(s) will be performed upon or on behalf of depending on the value of type. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- ScreeningPersonalDataType - S (0/*) |
A collection of information containing descriptive elements, demographic and contact information about the person. Annotation: Personal data related to the Search Subject that the search(s) will be performed upon. |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- DocumentationType - S (0/1) |
Container for additional information related to the specified search. [Example(s): Internet Web Address, Routing ID, Image ] |
|
/ BackgroundCheck/
BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- ScreeningRequestType - S (0/*) |
Contains information on the specific types of screenings to be performed and the information necessary to carry out those screenings. |
|
/
BackgroundCheck/ BackgroundSearchPackage/ |
- ScreeningRequestType - S (0/*) |
Contains information on the specific types of screenings to be performed and the information necessary to carry out those screenings. |
ScreeningRequestType
|
/ |
ReferenceId
- EntityIdType - S
(0/1) |
Globally scoped data type. See element or attribute declaration for definition. |
|
/
[ScreeningRequestType]/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
A trading-partner identifier. |
|
/
[ScreeningRequestType]/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
An identifier for a BackgroundSearchPackage. |
|
/
[ScreeningRequestType]/ |
- ScreeningPersonalDataType - S (0/*) |
A collection of demographic data supplied as input to screenings. This component has been deprecated. BackgroundSearchPackage/PersonalData is the preferred place to capture this information. |
|
/
[ScreeningRequestType]/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/*) |
Client references, such as billing codes, department codes, etc. |
|
/
[ScreeningRequestType]/ |
- DocumentationType - S (0/1) |
Additional information supporting the search. |
|
/
[ScreeningRequestType]/ |
- xsd:boolean - S (0/1) |
Indicates if screening subject has requested a copy of the screening results. CopyToApplicant has a boolean value. |
The HR-XML Consortium’s Background Checking specification makes extensive use of the AdditionalItems component both within the BackgroundCheck Request and BackgroundReports schemas. This component is intended as a flexible, but structured container that allows a client to pass through additional search criteria in BackgroundCheck Requests. AdditionalItems also allows a screening provider to respond to such criteria in BackgroundReports. AdditionalItems is one means that the Background Checking specification provides trading partners to implement custom screening types and custom screening criteria.
The AdditionalItems structure is available within each screening type within both the BackgroundCheck Request and BackgroundReports schemas. Both the BackgroundCheck Request and BackgroundReports schemas also contain a UserArea in several places within the schemas. The UserArea uses the “any” datatype, which allows it to accommodate any arbitratary XML structure (see the separate specification titled HR XML Schema Extension 1.0). As a general rule, implementers should first evaluate using the AdditionalItems component as a means to exchange additional search criteria or results before resorting to the use of the UserArea.
|
/
[ScreeningRequestType]/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details. |
|
Sequence
- xsd:positiveInteger - S (0/1) |
Globally scoped data type. See element or attribute declaration for definition. |
|
|
/
[FlexibleDetailType]/ |
- xsd:positiveInteger - S (0/1) |
An integer indicating the sequence in which multiple items should be considered. |
|
/
[FlexibleDetailType]/ |
- EffectiveDateType - S (0/1) |
Date or time interval on or during which information is effective or known to be correct. |
|
/
[FlexibleDetailType]/ EffectiveDate/ |
- FlexibleDatesType - S (0/1) |
The beginning effective date for the specified supporting information. |
|
/
[FlexibleDetailType]/ EffectiveDate/ |
- FlexibleDatesType - S (0/1) |
The ending effective date for the specified supporting information. |
|
/
[FlexibleDetailType]/ |
- xsd:string - S (1/*) |
Explanatory text. |
|
/
[FlexibleDetailType] / |
- FlexibleLineType - |
The type or classification for the related component. |
|
/
[FlexibleDetailType] / |
- xsd:string - |
Additional qualification or classification data. |
|
/
[FlexibleDetailType] / |
- VendorType - |
Identifies the vendor or supplier. |
|
/ |
- [Union]: FlexibleLineTypes,xStringPatternExtensionType |
An extensible list of types. Used to identify the type of AdditionalItem. Enumerations include “Header”, “Informational”, “Detail”, “Trace”, “RawData”, and “Unknown”. Additional values are permitted if prefixed with “x:”. |
|
/ |
xsd:restriction base: xsd:string [Enumerations]: Header, Informational, Detail, Trace, RawData, Unknown |
A list of types used to identify the type of AdditionalItem. |
|
/ |
type - SearchTypes
- |
Contains information for screening or testing data about the candidate. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- SearchTypes - |
Further defines the associated
element in the context provided. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- SearchQualifierType - |
Enumerated list of search type
qualifiers. Refer to SearchQualifiers for more details. |
|
/ Screening/ |
|
Globally scoped data type. See element or attribute declaration for definition. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
A trading-partner specific identifier. Annotation: Reference Number associated with this screening. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
Specifies the question set id to be used in a variety of candidate screening processes. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- CountryCodeType - S (0/1) |
Contains the ISO 3166-1 two-character country code. [BusinessRule(s): For
authorities not bound by a country, the attribute would be blank. ] |
|
/ Screening/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Represents the State, Province, and/or
County. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- ServiceLevelTypes - S (0/1) |
Service level of the agreement entered into by trading partners. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- PermissiblePurposeQualifiers - S (0/1) |
Specifies the purpose of the screening. [Example(s): Consumer Initiated Transaction, Written Authorization, Collection ] |
|
/ Screening/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
It specifies the name of the company that has requested the screening. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- VendorType - S (0/1) |
An entity that provides products
or services to another entity. Annotation: Specifies the source of the
screening information. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- xsd:duration - S (0/1) |
Specifies the duration of the reported work. [BusinessRule(s): If not specified, typically the duration is derived by the receiving system on the basis of work schedule information and/or Start/EndDateTime, ] |
|
/ Screening/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/*) |
Container to provide additional screening related information specific to all searches for the specified applicant. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/*) |
Describes the contextual
information relating to a group of elements. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing
other relevant details and search criteria. |
|
/ Screening/ |
- DocumentationType - S (0/1) |
Container for additional information related to the specified search. [Example(s): Internet Web Address, Routing ID, Image ] |
|
/ Screening/ |
Municipality - xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Contains information to execute a criminal background search. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Represents the city, town, village, or hamlet. Annotation: City within region to be searched. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
County within region to be searched where the charge was processed. [BusinessRule(s): If county and/or court is not available, then PostalCode and Municipality must be supplied. In all cases, Region and CountryCode in the parent element must be supplied. ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Codes established by postal authorities for purposes of sorting and delivering mail. See PostalAddress Recommendation. Annotation: Postal code within region to be searched. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Name of court. This may include the location, such as region, county or postal code. [BusinessRule(s): If court and/or country is not available, Postal Code and Municipality must be supplied in all cases. Region and country Code in the parent element must be supplied. ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
xsd:extension base: xsd:string |
Jurisdiction of court to be searched. [Example(s): Felony, Misdemeanor, Both ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
CourtType/ |
xsd:restriction base: xsd:string [Enumerations]: felony, misdemeanor, felonyMisdemeanor |
Further defines the associated
element in the context provided. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Identifies private database to be searched. [BusinessRule(s): Primarily used for statewide searches. ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
- ScreeningPersonalDataType - S (0/*) |
Contains information on aliases admitted or supplied by the search subject. Annotation: Client provided information to enable scoring of results based upon Search Subject provided information. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
- xsd:string - C (0/1) |
Summary of Admitted Charges. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
CriminalCase - xsd:string - S (0/*) |
Contains information on charges admitted by the search subject. Annotation: Client provided information to enable scoring of results based upon Search Subject provided information. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ |
CaseNumber - xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Contains information identifying and describing a criminal case or charges to which the search subject admits. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Case number assigned by the court. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
xsd:extension base: xsd:string |
Identifies the criminal activity such as a Department of Corrections Id. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ OtherCaseId/ |
- xsd:string - |
Further defines the associated
element in the context provided. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Identification of the originating arrest agency. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
The limits or territory within which authority may be exercised. Annotation: Name, division and district of the Court. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
- CountryCodeType - S (0/1) |
Contains the ISO 3166-1
two-character country code. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Represents the State, Province,
and/or County. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
County within region to be searched where the charge was processed. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Represents the city, town, village, or hamlet. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
- FlexibleDatesType - S (0/1) |
Filing date related to the case. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ |
ChargeOrComplaint - xsd:string - S (1/1) |
Contains information about criminal charges related to the case. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- xsd:string - S (1/1) |
Identifies a crime, offense, infraction or violation for which the defendant was arrested. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- ChargeQualifiers - S (0/1) |
Identifies the seriousness of an
offense. [BusinessRule(s): Additional qualifiers agreed to by trading
partners may be specified by preceding the qualifier with an x: ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- FlexibleDatesType - S (0/1) |
Date of the arrest or date the summons was served to the person. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- FlexibleDatesType - S (0/1) |
Date offense was committed. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Information regarding the penalty
for a given offense. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- FlexibleDatesType - S (0/1) |
Date of sentencing. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Describes the end result of a case. [Example(s): Guilty, Not Guilty, Pled Guilty, Mistrial ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- FlexibleDatesType - S (0/1) |
The date the case was disposed. [BusinessRule(s): This date is inclusive. Dates are represented in accordance with ISO 8601. ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/
AdmittedCharges/ CriminalCase/ Charges/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
Information regarding the search subject's probation status. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchCriminal/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details and search criteria. |
|
/ Screening/ |
ReasonForTest - ReasonForTestType - S
(0/1) |
Contains information to execute a drug background check. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/ |
- ReasonForTestType - S (0/1) |
The reason test was performed. [Example(s): Periodic; PostAccident; Pre-employment; Random; Sports Testing; ReturnToDuty; Followup; and Other ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/ |
type - xsd:string
- |
Identifies the type of test to be performed, taken, or administered. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/
TestType/ |
- xsd:string - |
Further defines the associated
element in the context provided. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/
TestType/ |
SubstanceType - SubstanceTypeType - S (1/1) |
Contains information about the substance for which the screening is being conducted. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/
TestType/ Substance/ |
- SubstanceTypeType - S (1/1) |
The name or type of substance for which a screening is being conducted. [Example(s): THC, PCP, AMP, Amphetamines, Barbiturates, alcohol, etc. ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/ |
- FlexibleDatesType - S (0/1) |
The date the specimen will be collected. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/ |
type - xsd:string
- |
The place designated where individuals present themselves for the purpose of providing a specimen to be analyzed for the presence of drugs. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/
CollectionSite/ |
- xsd:string - |
Further defines the associated
element in the context provided. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/
CollectionSite/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
The name by which an organization or enterprise is known as established under the laws of a country, state, province or ruling governmental body for the purpose of conducting business transactions. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/
CollectionSite/ |
- PostalAddressType - S (0/1) |
A mailing address. Describes a
postal address used for delivery of mail. The address may include the country
code, postal code, a region, municipality, delivery address, and the
recipient. Annotation: The address where the search subject will
provide the specimen. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
Unique identifier used to track a specimen. [BusinessRule(s): Accounts for the integrity of each specimen by tracking its handling and storage from point of specimen collection to final disposition of the specimen. ] |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/ |
- ReferralType - S (0/*) |
Contains information about the organization. Annotation: Contains contact information relating to the organizations involved with this request for Drug testing. i.e. Requesting Organization or Organization reviewing the results. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
Contains additional information regarding an applicant. Annotation: For capturing additional search related information associated with a specific question. |
|
/ Screening/ SearchDrugs/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details and search criteria. |
SearchEducation incorporates EducationHistory.xsd. For
further information, see:
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/EducationHistory.html
|
/
Screening/ |
EducationHistory
- [see include/import] - S (1/1) |
Contains information necessary to research an individual's education history. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchEducation/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
References an identifier associated with a customer question set. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchEducation/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details. |
SearchEmployment incorporates EmploymentHistory.xsd. For
further information, see:
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/EmploymentHistory.html
|
/
Screening/ |
EmploymentHistory
- EmploymentHistoryType - S (1/1) |
Contains information necessary to research or verify a search subject's employment history. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchEmployment/ |
- EmploymentHistoryType - S (1/1) |
A list of previous positions held by the search subject. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchEmployment/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
References an identifier associated with a customer question set. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchEmployment/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchEmployment/ |
- EmploymentType - |
The type or classification for the related component. |
|
/
Screening/ |
License
- LicenseType - S
(1/1) |
A collection of information necessary to perform a license search/verification. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchLicense/ |
- LicenseType - S (1/1) |
Contains client-supplied information to identify the license. |
|
/ Screening/
SearchLicense/ License/ |
- xsd:string - S (1/1) |
License Number. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchLicense/ License/ |
- xsd:string - S (1/1) |
Client-provided information on the identity of the licensing agency. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchLicense/ License/ |
- LicenseNameType - S (0/1) |
Name of the license. An enumerated set of license names are provided by LicenseNameQualifiers. LicenseNameQualifiers include: ARRT; CNA; CPA; Dietician; Dentist; Dietician; Dentist; EMT; Engineer; FAA; FCC; GSA; LPN; Lawyer; LVN; Lawyer; MVCommercial; MVPersonal; MVPersonalCommercial; Nurse; OccupationalTherapist; Optometrist; Paramedic; Physician; PhysicalTherapist; Pharmacy; Paramedic; RNLVN; Radiology; RadTech; Radiology; RN; SpeechTherapist; SocialWorker; SpeechTherapist; and Teacher. Additional types may be supplied by prefixing the LicenseName with an x: |
|
/
Screening/ SearchLicense/ License/ |
- xsd:string - S (0/1) |
A description of the license provided by the client. |
|
/ Screening/
SearchLicense/ License/ |
- EffectiveDateType - S (0/1) |
Date or time interval on or during which information is effective or known to be correct. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchLicense/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
References an identifier associated with a customer question set. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchLicense/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details. |
SearchMilitary incorporates MilitaryHistory.xsd. For further
information, see:
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/MilitaryHistory.html
|
/
Screening/ |
MilitaryHistory
- ScreeningsMilitaryHistoryType - S (1/1) |
Contains information necessary or relevant for a search to verify military service. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchMilitary/ |
- ScreeningsMilitaryHistoryType - S (1/1) |
Contains a collection of information related to the search subject's military service. Includes countries served, branch of service, rank achieved, dates of service, areas of special training or experience, recognition or honors received, and discharge status. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchMilitary/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
References an identifier associated with a customer question set. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchMilitary/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchMilitary/ |
- EmploymentType - |
The type or classification for the related component. |
|
/
Screening/ |
GovernmentId
- xsd:string - S
(0/1) |
Other type of search agreed to by trading partners. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ |
xsd:extension base: xsd:string |
An identification number issued by a government to identify a person. For example the CPF in Brazil, or the Social Security Number in the United States. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ GovernmentId/ |
- xsd:string - |
An ISO 3166 two-character country code. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ GovernmentId/ |
- xsd:string - |
The name of the jurisdiction. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ GovernmentId/ |
- xsd:string - |
Specifies the issuing authority of the identifier, e.g. United Nations, Department of Motor Vehicles. Note that “issuingAuthority” generally would contain finer-grained information than “jurisdiction”. For example, a jurisdiction might be “New York,” whereas issuingAuthority might be Department of Motor Vehicles. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ GovernmentId/ |
- xsd:string - |
Specifies the type of document associated with the GovernmentId, e.g. drivers license, passport. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ |
- EffectiveDateType - S (0/1) |
Date or time interval on or during which information is effective or known to be correct. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ |
- ReferralType - S (0/1) |
Identifies the organization that the search(s) will be performed upon, or on behalf of, depending on the value of the type attribute. Built-in enumerations include: SearchSubject; Client; Proxy; and Vendor. Additional values are permitted if prefixed with "x:". |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ |
xsd:extension base: xsd:string |
Additional supporting information agreed to by the trading partners. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ AdditionalText/ |
- xsd:string - |
The type or classification for the related component. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
References an identifier associated with a customer question set. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchOther/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details. |
|
/
Screening/ |
Contact
- ContactType - S
(1/1) |
Contains information necessary to research the search subject's professional references. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchReference/ |
- ContactType - S (1/1) |
Contact information for a professional or other reference. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchReference/ |
- EntityIdType - S (0/1) |
References an identifier associated with a customer question set. |
|
/
Screening/ SearchReference/ |
- FlexibleDetailType - S (0/*) |
A flexible container for passing other relevant details. |
|
/ |
xsd:restriction base: xsd:string [Enumerations]: To acquire/service/insure account, Consumer initiated transaction, Written authorization, Collection, Child support, Credit Transaction, Employment, Government license of benefit, Insurance Underwriting, Account Review, Court Order/subpoena, Tenant Screening |
Globally scoped data type. See element or attribute declaration for definition. |
|
/ |
- [Union]: NAPermissiblePurposeQualifiers, xStringPatternExtensionType |
Globally scoped data type. See element or attribute declaration for definition. |
Human resources data, by its very nature, is personal data. The laws of many jurisdictions as well as codes of fair information practice require organizations to handle personal data in a way that protects individuals from loss of privacy.
The data exchange specifications developed by the HR-XML Consortium are designed to be useful across many jurisdictions and within a variety of business contexts. It is not feasible for the HR-XML Consortium to develop specific privacy guidance for every jurisdiction or business context in which the Consortium's specifications might be implemented. When implementing data exchanges using the HR-XML Consortium's data definitions (or, for that matter, any data exchange mechanism), organizations are advised to examine the privacy protections that may be required under applicable law or codes of fair information practice.
For information on protecting personal data, general references include: European Union Data Protection Directive (95/46/EC); the Association Computing Machinery Code of Ethics (1992); Canadian Standards Association Model Code for the Protection of Personal Information (1995 -- PIPEDA); U.S.-EU Safe Harbor Principles and FAQs (2000).
Implementors of the Background Checking are advised to review applicable law in the jurisdictions in which they operate. For example, in United States, the Fair Credit Reporting Act may require third-party providers of background check services to obtain the consent of search subjects and to advise them of results before adverse action is taken.
The HR-XML BackgroundSearchPackage schema incorporates a significant amount of optionality. This optionality allows the schema to be flexibly used within a variety of contexts.
The data required to execute a background check will vary significantly depending on the type of searches conducted and the requirements of the jurisdictions in which the searches are performed. For instance, one jurisdiction might require the identification of a search subject’s race and gender for a criminal record search, whereas another jurisdiction may not impose such requirement.
The data provided in a background search request also can vary based on trading partner requirements and capabilities. For instance, as a matter of policy or practice, some background search customers may not collect, or be willing to provide, data required to execute a particular search (for example, a search subject’s date of birth). Likewise, one provider of background checking services may be willing to accept less information in a background check request than what another provider might minimally require.
While requirements vary by jurisdiction, HR-XML’s Screening Workgroup has developed some broad guidance for what data generally is required to execute background searches within the United States. That guidance is contained in the matrix that appears in Appendix D, Required and Recommended Fields.
It is not practical to design constraints within a single schema to accommodate each business context. Nor does it make sense to design a separate schema for each context. Implementors may want to handle data validation at the application level or examine the best practices outlined in HR-XML’s schema design guidelines for subsetting and constraining standard schema. At the time that this standard was published, guidelines for subsetting and constraining standard schema had been drafted, but not finalized.
|
Date |
Description |
|
2002 Dec 16 |
Initial Draft |
|
2003 Jan 23 |
Incorporated changes required as a result of CPO and TSC review. |
|
2003 Feb 10 |
Incorporate edits from review |
|
2003 Feb 17 |
Edits to reflect schema changes to resolve ambiguous content models. |
|
2003-Feb-26 |
Approved recommendation by HR-XML Consortium. The default and targetNamespaces of all HR-XML schemas have been standardized to "http://ns.hr-xml.org". This recommendation is available as part of the HR-XML 2_0 architecture. |
|
2003-Sept-01 |
EmploymentHistory 2_2 passed a vote and incorporated here. No other changes. |
|
2004-July-01 |
See overview section for details. |
|
2006-Feb-28 |
Approved by Consortium |
|
Link |
|
|
Entity Identifiers |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/EntityIdentifiers.html |
|
Date/Time data types |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/DateTimeDataTypes.html |
|
Contact Method |
|
|
Person Name |
|
|
PostalAddress |
|
|
Competencies |
|
|
WorkSite |
|
|
Background Reports |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/Screening/US/BackgroundReports.html |
|
Background Requests |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/Screening/US/BackgroundRequests.html |
|
Credit Report |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/Screening/US/CreditReport.html |
|
Education History |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/EducationHistory.html |
|
Employment History |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/EmploymentHistory.html |
|
Military History |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/MilitaryHistory.html |
|
Job and Position Headers |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/JobAndPositionHeader.html |
|
ISO Utilities |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/GuidelinesForISOUtilities.html |
|
Identifier Types |
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/CPO/IdentifierTypes.html |
See:
http://ns.hr-xml.org/2_5/HR-XML-2_5/Screening/US/BackgroundCheck.xml
The data required to execute a background search can vary depending on the particular type of search and the jurisdiction where the search is conducted. While there is variation in what may be required, the matrix below shows what information minimally is required to execute background searches within the United States.


This is an interactive demo of Millstone.
Millstone is a distributed bioinformatics software platform designed to facilitate genome engineering for synthetic biology. Millstone automates iterative design, analysis, and debugging for projects involving hundreds of bacterial genomes.
This demo server is contains 76 genomes from the GRO project described in our manuscript:
Millstone: software for multiplex microbial genome analysis and engineering. Daniel B. Goodman*, Gleb Kuznetsov*, Marc J. Lajoie, Brian W. Ahern, Michael G. Napolitano, Kevin Y. Chen, Changping Chen and George M. Church. Genome Biology 2017 18:101. DOI: 10.1186/s13059-017-1223-1.The genomes have already been aligned, and variants have been called and annotated. You can compare, visualize, and explore the effects of both the designed and unintended variants within them. You can also find a list of example views and queries on the data here.
Uploading samples, performing new alignments, and creating and manipulating variant sets are all disabled for this demo.


Mouse over the image:
The image must be placed inside a contianer with relative positioning.
The result can be put anywhere on the page, but must have the class name "img-zoom-result".
Make sure both the image and the result have IDs. These IDs are used when a WebAssembly initiates the zoom effect.


 Take a look at some of the latest creations by our talented users!
Start Exploring → {% else %}Raspberry IO is a collection of Raspberry Pi projects, ideas and a community to share your work. Sign up to submit your latest creation!
About Raspberry IO → {% endif %}


Quotes from Adventure Time
Sucking at something is the first step towards being sorta good at something.
- Jake
You don't understand! If you were me you would do the things I would do!
- Ice king
People get built different. We don't need to figure it out, we just need to respect it. Responsibility demands sacrifice.
- Princess Bubblegum
You don't need a mirror to know you look good. You're beautiful on the inside. Like... your brains and stuff!
- Finn


spaceX
Keep top-talent engaged and motivated. Learn more
Create clear mission briefings that align company objectives with employee career goals.
Prioritize resources and discuss your team's work in context to the velocity of assigned missions.
*Monthly draw, one prize per entrant


Notebooks
Story: Dreams and rain
Dreams and rain
Title
Dreams and rain
Collection
Summary
||kunnu and other old men dream of rain, which speedily comes. (L VIII.-23. 8005-8010). One of the rainmakers calls to the rain, addressing it, and asks that it may fall gently and not angrily (as the old men have dreamt).
Comments
1) p.8004v: |han≠kass'o heard this story from his mother (|xabbi-an); the name of one of the old men who dream, 2) p.8007v: the channel used for the running rain water, 3) p.8008v: what the old men say to the rain so that it may fall gently, 4) This story is found in Book VIII-23
Contributors
|han≠kass'o (Klein Jantje) (VIII)
Date
22 – 23 November 1878
Categories
The Rain and Rain's water, History (personal)
Keywords
dreams (and rain) , dreams (and modes of addressing the rain) , dreams (of rain-sorcerers or rainmakers) , dreams (old men's) , dreams (of an angry rain) , dreams (that it 'lightened') , dreams (that rain will fall) , dreams (that make it rain) , dreams (and rainmaking) , rain (dreams and) , rain (and ||kannu or ||kunnu the rainmaker) , rain (channelling the running water) , rain (modes of addressing it so it will fall gently) , rain (and the dreams of rain-sorcerers) , rain ('making fine' its liquid) , rain (and the north wind) , rain (a call to) , rain (that knocks down houses) , rain (what the people say to make it fall) , rain (the making of) , rain (asking for gentle) , rain (and lightning) , rain (angry) , rain (an address to) , rain (and the old men's dream) , rain (dreaming makes) , rain (its clouds come out) , old men (address the rain so it will fall gently) , old men (rainmakers) , old men (the name of one who dreams of rain) , old men (rain-sorcerers) , old men (their dreams of rain) , old men (who dream of an angry rain) , old men (address the rain) , old men (ask for a gentle rain) , wind (north) , wind (and dreams and rain) , address (modes of addressing the rain) , address (or call to the rain by rainmakers) , address (asking for rain and rainmaking) , address (what the people say to make it fall) , address (and dreams and rain) , rainmakers (old men) , rainmakers (address the rain so it will fall gently) , rainmakers (the name of one who dreams of rain) , rainmakers (rain-sorcerers) , rainmakers (their dreams of rain) , rainmakers (who dream of an angry rain) , rainmakers (address the rain) , rainmakers (ask for a gentle rain) , rain–sorcerers (old men) , rain–sorcerers (rainmakers) , rain–sorcerers (address the rain so it will fall gently) , rain–sorcerers (the name of one who dreams of rain) , rain–sorcerers (their dreams of rain) , rain–sorcerers (who dream of an angry rain) , rain–sorcerers (address the rain) , rain–sorcerers (ask for a gentle rain) , name (of a rainmaker) , name (||kannu or ||kunnu the rainmaker dreams of rain, making it fall)
Story Pages
8005-8010


{% extends "base.html" %}
{% set serverless = true %}
{% block title %}
Password Generator
{% endblock %}
{% block meta_description %}
Here you can generate ramdon passwords online and check if the password is strong with the password Strength meter tests.
This page is serverless, so you can download it and it will still work in local.
{% endblock %}
{% block meta_keywords %}
Password generator online, Password Strength meter online
{% endblock %}
{% block main %}
Password Generated
Options
Password Strength meter Tests
Zxcvbn
Kartik-v Strength meter
Make with love by Pericodes
This page use the library zxcvbn created by Dropbox
This page has modified the library strength-meter created by Kartik-v
{% endblock %}


|
s2n-doxygen-full
|
Go to the source code of this file.
| #define TLS_NULL_WITH_NULL_NULL 0x00, 0x00 |
Definition at line 19 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 0x00, 0x3D |
Definition at line 20 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA 0x00, 0x35 |
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| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 0x00, 0x3C |
Definition at line 22 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA 0x00, 0x2F |
Definition at line 23 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA 0x00, 0x0A |
Definition at line 24 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_MD5 0x00, 0x04 |
Definition at line 25 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_RC4_128_SHA 0x00, 0x05 |
Definition at line 26 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA 0x00, 0x33 |
Definition at line 28 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 0x00, 0x67 |
Definition at line 29 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA 0x00, 0x39 |
Definition at line 30 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA256 0x00, 0x6B |
Definition at line 31 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA 0x00, 0x16 |
Definition at line 32 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA 0xC0, 0x13 |
Definition at line 34 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_CBC_SHA256 0xC0, 0x27 |
Definition at line 35 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA 0xC0, 0x14 |
Definition at line 36 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_CBC_SHA384 0xC0, 0x28 |
Definition at line 37 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_3DES_EDE_CBC_SHA 0xC0, 0x12 |
Definition at line 38 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 0x00, 0x9C |
Definition at line 40 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 0x00, 0x9D |
Definition at line 41 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 0x00, 0x9E |
Definition at line 42 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_DHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 0x00, 0x9F |
Definition at line 43 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_128_GCM_SHA256 0xC0, 0x2F |
Definition at line 44 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_ECDHE_RSA_WITH_AES_256_GCM_SHA384 0xC0, 0x30 |
Definition at line 45 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_FALLBACK_SCSV 0x56, 0x00 |
Definition at line 48 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EMPTY_RENEGOTIATION_INFO_SCSV 0x00, 0xff |
Definition at line 49 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EXTENSION_SERVER_NAME 0 |
Definition at line 52 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EXTENSION_STATUS_REQUEST 5 |
Definition at line 53 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EXTENSION_ELLIPTIC_CURVES 10 |
Definition at line 54 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EXTENSION_EC_POINT_FORMATS 11 |
Definition at line 55 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EXTENSION_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHMS 13 |
Definition at line 56 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EXTENSION_ALPN 16 |
Definition at line 57 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EXTENSION_RENEGOTIATION_INFO 65281 |
Definition at line 58 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_SIGNATURE_ALGORITHM_RSA 1 |
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| #define TLS_HASH_ALGORITHM_MD5 1 |
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| #define TLS_HASH_ALGORITHM_SHA1 2 |
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| #define TLS_HASH_ALGORITHM_SHA224 3 |
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| #define TLS_HASH_ALGORITHM_SHA256 4 |
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| #define TLS_HASH_ALGORITHM_SHA384 5 |
Definition at line 66 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_HASH_ALGORITHM_SHA512 6 |
Definition at line 67 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_CHANGE_CIPHER_SPEC 20 |
Definition at line 70 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_ALERT 21 |
Definition at line 71 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_HANDSHAKE 22 |
Definition at line 72 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_APPLICATION_DATA 23 |
Definition at line 73 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EC_CURVE_SECP_256_R1 23 |
Definition at line 76 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_EC_CURVE_SECP_384_R1 24 |
Definition at line 77 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_TLS_RECORD_HEADER_LENGTH 5 |
Definition at line 83 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_TLS_MAXIMUM_FRAGMENT_LENGTH 16384 |
Definition at line 84 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_TLS_MAXIMUM_RECORD_LENGTH (S2N_TLS_MAXIMUM_FRAGMENT_LENGTH + S2N_TLS_RECORD_HEADER_LENGTH) |
Definition at line 85 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_SSL2_RECORD_HEADER_LENGTH 2 |
Definition at line 92 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_SSL2_MAXIMUM_MESSAGE_LENGTH 16383 |
Definition at line 93 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_SSL2_MAXIMUM_RECORD_LENGTH (S2N_SSL2_MAXIMUM_MESSAGE_LENGTH + S2N_SSL2_RECORD_HEADER_LENGTH) |
Definition at line 94 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_SMALL_RECORD_LENGTH (1500 - 20 - 20 - 20) |
Definition at line 102 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_SMALL_FRAGMENT_LENGTH (S2N_SMALL_RECORD_LENGTH - S2N_TLS_RECORD_HEADER_LENGTH) |
Definition at line 103 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_LARGE_RECORD_LENGTH S2N_TLS_MAXIMUM_RECORD_LENGTH |
Definition at line 104 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_LARGE_FRAGMENT_LENGTH S2N_TLS_MAXIMUM_FRAGMENT_LENGTH |
Definition at line 105 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_MAXIMUM_HANDSHAKE_MESSAGE_LENGTH (64 * 1024) |
Definition at line 108 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define S2N_ALERT_LENGTH 2 |
Definition at line 111 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.
| #define TLS_HANDSHAKE_HEADER_LENGTH 4 |
Definition at line 114 of file s2n_tls_parameters.h.


Comming soon...
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Comming soon...


Swipe Buttons
In the GridControl, you can create additional buttons to be shown when an end-user swipes left to right, or right to left, over a data row — Swipe Buttons. Each button can be associated with a custom action. Thus, this feature allows you to extend the grid’s default UI and allow it to meet the requirements of your end-users completely.
A Swipe Button is specified by a SwipeButtonInfo object added to the grid's RightSwipeButtons or LeftSwipeButtons collection. For each button, a name, caption, color and width can be specified. To set a custom action for a button, handle the grid's SwipeButtonClick event, or define an action in a view model and then bind it to a button using the SwipeButtonCommand property in XAML markup. To specify when buttons should be available for end-users, handle the SwipeButtonShowing event.
In this demo, data rows are accompanied with one button on the left and one button on the right. Tapping any of these buttons displays the corresponding alert. For even data rows, one more button (Delete) is shown additionally on the right.
Related APIs:


This plugin forces the built-in SVNKit library to use the Subversion 1.4 working copy format (instead of the most recent one it supports).
Plugin Information |
|---|
View SVN 1.4 Compatibility on the plugin site for more information. |
Description
As of version 1.243, Hudson now uses Subversion 1.4 compatible format when creating a new workspace, while still supporting Subversion 1.5 compatible format if it's already there. This eliminates the need for the SVNCompat14 Plugin.
As of version 1.238, Hudson started to bundle SVNKit 1.2.0-beta-2 to support svn:// access to Subversion 1.5 servers.
This also meant that working copies created by Hudson when checking out were in the version 1.5 working copy format. This caused problems, if a build process involved some external tools that were still based on the Subversion 1.4.x line (e.g. "Client too old" warnings, see comments in issue 1856). Updating these external tools did solve the problems, but sometimes this was not an option.
- When this plugin is installed, SVNKit will act as a Subversion 1.4 client.
- To return to Hudson's default behaviour (i.e. let SVNKit choose the most recent working copy file format it supports), just uninstall the plugin.
- This plugin has no user interface - you won't notice any new GUI gagdet.
- Currently, this is a global setting, affecting all projects hosted within a single Hudson instance.
Changelog
Release 1.1 (2011-11-19)
- JENKINS-11805
Release 1.0
- Initial version, based on the
svncompat13
plugin by Jean-Baptiste Quenot.


Preparation time
overnight
Cooking time
over 2 hours
Serves
Serves 10
Brining can add bags of flavour to your meat and help keep it tender. Make sure you keep your bird cool and covered while its brining.
For the brine, combine all the ingredients in a large pan with 6 litres/10½ pints water. Slowly bring to the boil, stirring, to dissolve the sugar and salt. Remove from the heat and allow to cool completely.
Pour the brine into a large, sterilised bucket. Add the turkey and leave for two days in the fridge or a very cold room. The turkey must be completely submerged under the brine. Use weights to keep it from floating up (plastic bottles of water work well).
Preheat the oven to 170C/150C Fan/Gas 3. Remove the turkey from the brine and pat dry.
Rub the turkey with olive oil and season with salt and pepper. Spread with the butter and the cover with streaky bacon. Cook for about three hours, or until the juices run clear when the meat is pierced in the thickest part. Leave to rest for at least fifteen minutes and serve in slices.


--- title: Syllabus slug: syllabus citeproc: true date: 2020-08-26 type: page #bibliography: ../../static/bib/references.bib #csl: ../../static/bib/chicago-syllabus-no-bib.csl output: blogdown::html_page: toc: true menu: syllabus ---
Fall 2020 will be a strange semester. My operating principle is that we are all trying our best. I will work to accommodate personal emergencies, unpredictable schedules, general chaos as best I can.
Credits: 3
Thiscourse will provide a theoretical and practical background in basic econometric techniques. We will review probability and statistics before covering classical linear regression with two or more variables, estimation and hypothesis testing, and violations of classical assumptions. EC200 is a challenging course. If you are not interested in taking a challenging course, you should take a different course. The prerequisites are EC170, EC171, and EC172.
The course will combine lectures, discussion, and lots of practice. Learning econometrics requires a healthy blend of theory and practice, so you will complete problem sets throughout the semester, and you will design and and write a short research paper that applies some of the techniques we’ve learned about to real-world data. We won’t have enough course time to cover all the Stata preparation you’ll need, but I’ll cover the basics and you’ll have to rely on other resources to figure out the rest.
To understand and apply foundational tools in econometric theory
To use econometric tools and statistical packages (Stata) to analyze real-world data and interpret findings
To formulate, assess, and answer economic questions by selecting and applying appropriate econometric techniques
Textbook: Stock, James H. and Mark W. Watson. Introduction to Econometrics, 3rd edition (updated), Pearson. ISBN-13: 978-0-13-348687-2.
I recommend buying cheaper used copies online (\(\sim\) $20), international is fine. There is a 3rd edition that is “updated” and one that is not. I am using the “updated” edition. If you buy the one that is not “updated,” your problem numbers will be off.
There is a newer, 4th edition available. Do not purchase this!
We are not using any of the digital Pearson tools.
Stata: We will use Stata extensively in this course, including outside of class. It is compatible with Windows/MacOS/Linux. You should download a copy at https://www.uvm.edu/software/. Note that there is a link to a pdf file that contains the licensing information.
MS Teams All class sessions will take place on Teams.
I will post a series of videos each Friday night, with accompanying slides. You can find all these on Blackboard. You should review these and take a short quiz on Blackboard before coming to class on Monday.
After reviewing, you’ll take a video quiz on Blackboard. You need an 80% for credit, and you can make unlimited attempts. These must be completed before Monday class.
Live class meetings. I will review key concepts, we’ll work through some problems.
Live class meetings. I will demonstrate some Stata techniques and you’ll have time to practice. A final version of your lab will be due before the next Monday class.
Live class time (optional) to review lab questions, homework questions, any questions!
All class sessions will be recorded and available on Blackboard/Teams.
All deadlines are at 2:20pm.
As a general rule, problem sets are due on Fridays at 2:20pm. Video quizzes and final labs are due on Mondays at 2:20pm.
Please submit all assignments through Blackboard. If you encounter technical issues, e-mail is a fine last resort.
I have an “extensions for all” policy for all assignments. If you need an extension, you should request it by e-mail before the deadline. Provide (a) your work so far (if applicable) and (b) a proposed new deadline. Some assignments build on previous ones, so be careful when requesting that you don’t put yourself in a tricky position. I don’t need to know why you need the extension.
| Assignment | Percent |
|---|---|
| Lecture quizzes | 5% |
| Labs | 10% |
| Problem sets | 10% |
| Unit quizzes (3 quizzes at 5%, 15%, 15%) | 35% |
| Research paper | 40% |
I will drop your lowest lecture quiz, lab, and problem set.
| Range | Grade |
|---|---|
| 93.0 - 100.0 | A/A+ |
| 90.0 - 92.99 | A- |
| 87.0 - 89.99 | B+ |
| 83.0 - 86.99 | B |
| 80.0 - 82.99 | B- |
| 77.0 - 79.99 | C+ |
| 73.0 - 76.99 | C |
| 70.0 - 72.99 | C- |
| 67.0 - 69.99 | D+ |
| 63.0 - 66.99 | D |
| \(<\) 60.0 | F |
I determine grades by a threshold - 93.01 is an A, and 92.97 is an A-. In cases of very near misses of higher grades, however, I will take into account class participation/attendance.
I will never curve quizzes down, but I may curve them up if the median grade is less than a B-.
There are two unit quizzes (15% each) and one stats quiz (5%). All quizzes are open book. You should not collaborate. The unit quizzes will have a Stata component and a written component. Quizzes are not explicitly cumulative, but you’ll need to master skills from earlier chapters to tackle the newer material.
I don’t remember ANYTHING from statistics. Will I be able to pass this class? The stronger your stats background, the more useful you’ll find this class. Whether or not you can recall the formula for a one-sample hypothesis test should have no bearing on your ability to succeed (you can always look it up!) But to have a sense of what big concepts mean will be very important. We’ll review together at the beginning of the term.
 Will I lose points? Do I need to tell you? You don’t need to let me know if you will be missing class. If you need an extension,though, I will need to know that in advance of the deadline.
Do I really need to buy a textbook? Yes. 3rd (updated edition), used.
Do I need a computer for this class? You will need a computer for any work with Stata. I think there is a way to get Stata to run on a Chromebook, but I can provide you with roughly zero technical support for setting that up!
My computer is broken/missing/on fire and I cannot submit my assignment on time! Give me a heads up prior to the deadline, and we can work out an extension.
Can I use another software program (i.e. Excel, SPSS, EViews, R, Gretl, etc.)? In special cases, maybe. Talk to me first if you have a compelling reason why you would like to use another program. It needs to be something with replicable code (ie R, not Excel). I won’t be able to provide assistance with problem sets or your project if you decide not to use Stata, and you will still be responsible for any Stata-related questions that come up on quizzes.
Check out available resources.
Student learning accommodations In keeping with University policy, any student with a documented disability interested in utilizing accommodations should contact ACCESS, the office of Disability Services on campus. ACCESS works with students to create reasonable and appropriate accommodations via an accommodation letter to their professors as early as possible each semester.
Contact ACCESS: A170 Living/Learning Center;<PHONE_NUMBER><EMAIL_ADDRESS>UVM’s policy on disability certification and student support
Academic integrity: Do not cheat, and do not plagarize. This policy addresses plagiarism, fabrication, collusion, and cheating:
Grade Appeals If you would like to contest a grade, please follow the procedures outlined in this policy.
Code of Student Rights and Responsibilities
FERPA Rights Disclosure The purpose of this policy is to communicate the rights of students regarding access to, and privacy of their student educational records as provided for in the Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act (FERPA) of 1974.


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File Sharing example
This example shows how to transfer files between two remotely connected Clients
using the FileRef
API.
Drag and drop a file in the image drop when you are connected to a peer to transfer a file. When the transfer is finished, the image will be displayed on the peer's screen.


URL: {{site.url}}
Status: {{site.status}}
{{pageCount.value}} pages indexed in this site
Sorry, no results.
* * * * * * = every seconds 0 * * * * * = every minutes at second 0 0 5 * * * * = every hours at minute 5 0 0 1 * * * = every days at 1 AM
* * * * * *
0 * * * * *
0 5 * * * *
0 0 1 * * *


{% extends "base_site.html" %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block title %}Error producing Talking Score - Talking Scores (Beta){% endblock %} {% block noindex %}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
If you'd like to be notified when this score is working, simply put your email address in the box below. We promise to only use your email address to notify you about this score.
{# {{ form }}#} {% if form.is_bound %} {% if form.is_valid %}


{{ define "main" }} Configure Web API Hub Management John Smith Test Successful You successfully showed this notification. Test Failed You couldn't show this notification. Test Wait Please wait to show this notification.
You successfully showed this notification.
You couldn't show this notification.
Please wait to show this notification.
ADDRESS
PORT
<IP_ADDRESS>
tcp6
AVG. MESSAGE SIZE
SEND/ RECEIVER BUFFER SIZE
HUBS ATTACHED
75 KB
32768 bytes
Hub1, Hub2, Hub3
Name*
Address
Port
Avg. Message Size
Send/ Receiver buffer size
Hubs Attached*
Add


{{ title }}
Collaborator{%- if collaborators > 1 -%}s{%- endif -%}: {% for collaborator in collaborators %}{{ collaborator.name }}
{{ collaborator.association }}
{{ content }}
Code: {{ repo }}
{%- extends "base/base.html" %} {% block content %}
arXiv is surrounded by a community of researchers and developers working at the cutting edge of information science and technology.
While the arXiv team is focused on our core mission—providing rapid dissemination of research findings at no cost to readers and submitters—we are excited to be experimenting with a small number of collaborators on projects that add value for our stakeholders and advance research.
Here are some of the projects that our collaborators are working on right now.
{{ collaborator.name }}
{{ collaborator.association }}
{{ content }}
Code: {{ repo }}


Welcome
Register your details here
Sign Up
Name
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Compilers use tree structures in order to represent programs and manipulate them. There are different ways of defining such structures, usually dictated by the programming language. Actually the question of what is the best programming paradigm to address these questions has been a debated topic among programming languages enthusiasts (see the expression problem).
We won't dwelve too much into the benefits of each approach. Instead, we'll just the different options if you choose to do the compiler in Java.
Let us consider simple arithmetic expressions defined by the following abstract syntax:
Exp ::= Exp + Exp
| Exp * Exp
| Num
The abstract syntax naturally defines a tree structure. OCaml is very well-suited for this kind of data structures.
type exp = Plus of exp * exp
| Mult of exp * exp
| Num of int
We can easily write a recursive evaluation function that works by case on the tree structure.
let rec eval e =
match e with
| Plus (e1, e2) -> (eval e1) + (eval e2)
| Mult (e1, e2) -> (eval e1) * (eval e2)
| Num n -> n
Usually, in a compiler, many such functions will be needed. Typechecker, printers, transformers...
In object-oriented languages such as Java, it is not as straighfoward and several solutions are possible. We'll go through different solutions, from simple to complex.
Common to all these solutions is to define one concrete class for each case, and one abstract class for each non-terminal of the grammar.
abstract class Exp { }
class Plus extends Exp {
Exp e1;
Exp e2;
}
class Mult extends Exp {
Exp e1;
Exp e2;
}
class Num extends Exp {
Integer n;
}
We can mimic the OCaml function using the instanceof
operator.
static Integer eval(Exp exp) {
if (exp instanceof Plus) {
Plus e = (Plus) e;
return eval(e.e1) + eval(e.e2);
} else if (exp instanceof Mult) {
Mult e = (Mult) e;
return eval(e.e1) + eval(e.e2);
} else if (exp instanceof Num) {
Num e = (Num) e;
return e.n;
}
One weakness of this representation is the use of dynamic casts that can cause runtime errors. Programming errors (such as missing a case or trying to cast to the wrong instance won't be caught at compile time). In comparison, the OCaml version provides much better compile-time garantees. This representation is used in the first edition of Modern Compiler Implementation in Java.
An other solution closer to the object-oriented philosophy is given by the interpreter pattern.
abstract class Exp {
Integer evaluate();
}
class Plus extends Exp {
Exp e1;
Exp e2;
Integer evaluate() {
return e1.evaluate() + e2.evaluate();
}
}
class Mult extends Exp {
Exp e1;
Exp e2;
Integer evaluate() {
return e1.evaluate() * e2.evaluate();
}
}
class Num extends Exp {
Integer n;
Integer evaluate() {
return n;
}
}
This doesn't suffer from the dynamic cast problem. Instead, it uses dynamic- binding to choose the right version of the evaluate()
method.
Still, this is not fully satisfactory. This solution lacks modularity as the evaluation function behavior is spread across multiple classes. Moreover Exp
has to be recompiled whenever a new behavior is added.
Our final solution is the visitor pattern.
abstract class Exp {
abstract Integer accept(Visitor v);
}
class Plus extends Exp {
Exp e1;
Exp e2;
Integer accept(Visitor v) {
return v.visit(this);
}
}
class Mult extends Exp {
Exp e1;
Exp e2;
Integer accept(Visitor v) {
return v.visit(this);
}
}
class Num extends Exp {
Integer n;
Integer accept(Visitor v) {
return v.visit(this);
}
}
Now an Exp
has a general method accept()
that lets a visitor walks the tree structure of the expression. There is a visitor class for every functions that operate on tree. Each visitor class implements the Visitor
interface.
interface Visitor {
Integer visit(Num e);
Integer visit(Plus e);
Integer visit(Mult e);
}
We can define an EvaluationVisitor
.
class EvaluationVisitor implements Visitor {
Integer visit(Num e) {
return e.n;
}
Integer visit(Plus e) {
return e.accept(this) + e.accept(this);
}
Integer visit(Mult e) {
return e.accept(this) * e.accept(this);
}
}
This almost solves the problems of the interpreter patterns. Now, new behaviors can be added without modifying the Exp
class, plus all the behavior appears in one place, in the visitor class.
There is one last issue. Notice the constraint on the return type of the visitor. We are still restricted to integer-returning visitors. But suppose we want visitors that return something else, like expressions. There are several ways around this, but an elegant one is to use genericity.
interface Visitor<E> {
E visit(Num e);
E visit(Plus e);
E visit(Mult e);
}
class EvaluationVisitor implements Visitor<Integer> {
Integer visit(Num e) {
return e.n;
}
Integer visit(Plus e) {
return e.accept(this) + e.accept(this);
}
Integer visit(Mult e) {
return e.accept(this) * e.accept(this);
}
}
abstract class Exp {
abstract <E> E accept(Visitor<E> v);
}
class Plus extends Exp {
Exp e1;
Exp e2;
<E> E accept(Visitor<E> v) {
return v.visit(this);
}
}
class Mult extends Exp {
Exp e1;
Exp e2;
<E> E accept(Visitor<E> v) {
return v.visit(this);
}
}
class Num extends Exp {
Integer n;
<E> E accept(Visitor<E> v) {
return v.visit(this);
}
}
The java code given to you illustrates some of these patterns. This is the code of the main
function in Main.java
:
Parser p = new Parser(new Lexer(new FileReader(argv[0])));
Exp expression = (Exp) p.parse().value;
assert (expression != null);
System.out.println("------ AST ------");
expression.accept(new PrintVisitor());
System.out.println();
System.out.println("------ Height of the AST ----");
int height = Height.computeHeight(expression);
System.out.println("using Height.computeHeight: " + height);
ObjVisitor<Integer> v = new HeightVisitor();
height = expression.accept(v);
System.out.println("using HeightVisitor: " + height);
It uses three of the above-mentioned patterns. After parsing the input file, the AST expression
is printed using a PrintVisitor
(which implements the simple non-generic Visitor
interface, whose all visit
methods return void
). Then, the height of this AST is computed using a static method computeHeight
. Finally, the height is computed again, but this time using a visitor HeightVisitor
(which implements generic interface ObjVisitor<Integer>
).
You're free to use whatever method you like best but the generic visitor is arguably the best choice. However, the other patterns are valid too if you find them easier to understand.


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So here is something. Why ever bother with a static webpage generator when you can easily setup a powerful web framework like Django or Wordpress or Drupal?
All wonderful questions. I dont really know.
One reason might be that security is in order. The thoguht that your exposure to the intnernet is static. There are no database hooks to take advanatage of, no php vulnerabilities, no dynamic rendering that you need to be concerned with. What ever is rendered is what ever is rendered and that is what you get.
CSS and JS run on the client machine and as such can't be exploited on the server because there is nothing to exploit.
Kind of cool.
The other thing that is kind of cool with this whole pelican thing is how simple it is. You edit your file in an ediotor ( I use VIM because I've been using it for years and years and the key bindings are engraned at this point) and then you just save the file and the geneartor creates the output.
Markdown isn't too difficult to use either. Although out of the box there are definately some things to tweak. For exmaple: Its pretty plain looking!
s = "Python syntax highlighting"
print s
And here is a heading
and this is a block quote.
Tables might work like this:
| Column 1 | Column 2 | Column 3 |
|---|---|---|
| One | renders |
nicely |


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And a few more! 👨🎓