EMLA- lidocaine and prilocaine cream
APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC
EMLA Cream (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) is an emulsion in which the oil phase is a eutectic mixture of lidocaine and prilocaine in a ratio of 1:1 by weight. This eutectic mixture has a melting point below room temperature and therefore both local anesthetics exist as a liquid oil rather than as crystals. It is packaged in 5 gram and 30 gram tubes. Lidocaine is chemically designated as acetamide, 2-(diethylamino)-N-(2,6-dimethylphenyl), has an octanol: water partition ratio of 43 at pH 7.4, and has the following structure:
Prilocaine is chemically designated as propanamide, N-(2-methylphenyl)-2-(propylamino), has an octanol: water partition ratio of 25 at pH 7.4, and has the following structure:
Each gram of EMLA Cream contains lidocaine 25 mg, prilocaine 25 mg, polyoxyethylene fatty acid esters (as emulsifiers), carboxypolymethylene (as a thickening agent), sodium hydroxide to adjust to a pH approximating 9, and purified water to 1 gram. EMLA Cream contains no preservative, however it passes the USP antimicrobial effectiveness test due to the pH. The specific gravity of EMLA Cream is 1.00.
EMLA Cream (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%), applied to intact skin under occlusive dressing, provides dermal analgesia by the release of lidocaine and prilocaine from the cream into the epidermal and dermal layers of the skin and by the accumulation of lidocaine and prilocaine in the vicinity of dermal pain receptors and nerve endings. Lidocaine and prilocaine are amide-type local anesthetic agents. Both lidocaine and prilocaine stabilize neuronal membranes by inhibiting the ionic fluxes required for the initiation and conduction of impulses, thereby effecting local anesthetic action.
The onset, depth and duration of dermal analgesia on intact skin provided by EMLA Cream depend primarily on the duration of application. To provide sufficient analgesia for clinical procedures such as intravenous catheter placement and venipuncture, EMLA Cream should be applied under an occlusive dressing for at least 1 hour. To provide dermal analgesia for clinical procedures such as split skin graft harvesting, EMLA Cream should be applied under occlusive dressing for at least 2 hours. Satisfactory dermal analgesia is achieved 1 hour after application, reaches maximum at 2 to 3 hours, and persists for 1 to 2 hours after removal. Absorption from the genital mucosa is more rapid and onset time is shorter (5 to 10 minutes) than after application to intact skin. After a 5 to 10 minute application of EMLA Cream to female genital mucosa, the average duration of effective analgesia to an argon laser stimulus (which produced a sharp, pricking pain) was 15 to 20 minutes (individual variations in the range of 5 to 45 minutes).
Dermal application of EMLA Cream may cause a transient, local blanching followed by a transient, local redness or erythema.
EMLA Cream is a eutectic mixture of lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5% formulated as an oil in water emulsion. In this eutectic mixture, both anesthetics are liquid at room temperature (see DESCRIPTION) and the penetration and subsequent systemic absorption of both prilocaine and lidocaine are enhanced over that which would be seen if each component in crystalline form was applied separately as a 2.5% topical cream.
Absorption: The amount of lidocaine and prilocaine systemically absorbed from EMLA Cream is directly related to both the duration of application and to the area over which it is applied. In two pharmacokinetic studies, 60 g of EMLA Cream (1.5 g lidocaine and 1.5 g prilocaine) was applied to 400 cm2 of intact skin on the lateral thigh and then covered by an occlusive dressing. The subjects were then randomized such that one-half of the subjects had the occlusive dressing and residual cream removed after 3 hours, while the remainder left the dressing in place for 24 hours. The results from these studies are summarized below.
| ||||||
| EMLA
Cream (g) |
Area (cm2) |
Time
on (hrs) |
Drug
Content (mg) |
Absorbed (mg) |
Cmax (µg/mL) |
Tmax (hr) |
| 60 | 400 |
3 |
lidocaine 1500 |
54 |
0.12 |
4 |
| prilocaine
1500 |
92 |
0.07 |
4 |
|||
60 |
400 |
24* |
lidocaine
1500 |
243 |
0.28 |
10 |
| prilocaine
1500 |
503 |
0.14 |
10 |
When 60 g of EMLA Cream was applied over 400 cm2 for 24 hours, peak blood levels of lidocaine are approximately 1/20 the systemic toxic level. Likewise, the maximum prilocaine level is about 1/36 the toxic level. In a pharmacokinetic study, EMLA Cream was applied to penile skin in 20 adult male patients in doses ranging from 0.5 g to 3.3 g for 15 minutes. Plasma concentrations of lidocaine and prilocaine following EMLA Cream application in this study were consistently low (2.5 to 16 ng/mL for lidocaine and 2.5 to 7 ng/mL for prilocaine). The application of EMLA Cream to broken or inflamed skin, or to 2,000 cm2 or more of skin where more of both anesthetics are absorbed, could result in higher plasma levels that could, in susceptible individuals, produce a systemic pharmacologic response.
The absorption of EMLA Cream applied to genital mucous membranes was studied in two open-label clinical trials. Twenty-nine patients received 10 g of EMLA Cream applied for 10 to 60 minutes in the vaginal fornices. Plasma concentrations of lidocaine and prilocaine following EMLA Cream application in these studies ranged from 148 to 641 ng/mL for lidocaine and 40 to 346 ng/mL for prilocaine and time to reach maximum concentration (tmax) ranged from 21 to 125 minutes for lidocaine and from 21 to 95 minutes for prilocaine. These levels are well below the concentrations anticipated to give rise to systemic toxicity (approximately 5000 ng/mL for lidocaine and prilocaine).
Distribution: When each drug is administered intravenously, the steady-state volume of distribution is 1.1 to 2.1 L/kg (mean 1.5, ±0.3 SD, n=13) for lidocaine and is 0.7 to 4.4 L/kg (mean 2.6, ±1.3 SD, n=13) for prilocaine. The larger distribution volume for prilocaine produces the lower plasma concentrations of prilocaine observed when equal amounts of prilocaine and lidocaine are administered. At concentrations produced by application of EMLA Cream, lidocaine is approximately 70% bound to plasma proteins, primarily alpha-1-acid glycoprotein. At much higher plasma concentrations (1 to 4 μg/mL of free base) the plasma protein binding of lidocaine is concentration dependent. Prilocaine is 55% bound to plasma proteins. Both lidocaine and prilocaine cross the placental and blood brain barrier, presumably by passive diffusion.
Metabolism: It is not known if lidocaine or prilocaine are metabolized in the skin. Lidocaine is metabolized rapidly by the liver to a number of metabolites including monoethylglycinexylidide (MEGX) and glycinexylidide (GX), both of which have pharmacologic activity similar to, but less potent than that of lidocaine. The metabolite, 2,6-xylidine, has unknown pharmacologic activity. Following intravenous administration, MEGX and GX concentrations in serum range from 11 to 36% and from 5 to 11% of lidocaine concentrations, respectively. Prilocaine is metabolized in both the liver and kidneys by amidases to various metabolites including ortho-toluidine and N-n-propylalanine. It is not metabolized by plasma esterases. The ortho-toluidine metabolite has been shown to be carcinogenic in several animal models (see Carcinogenesis subsection of PRECAUTIONS). In addition, ortho-toluidine can produce methemoglobinemia following systemic doses of prilocaine approximating 8 mg/kg (see ADVERSE REACTIONS). Very young patients, patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencies and patients taking oxidizing drugs such as antimalarials and sulfonamides are more susceptible to methemoglobinemia (see Methemoglobinemia subsection of PRECAUTIONS).
Elimination: The terminal elimination half-life of lidocaine from the plasma following IV administration is approximately 65 to 150 minutes (mean 110, ±24 SD, n=13). More than 98% of an absorbed dose of lidocaine can be recovered in the urine as metabolites or parent drug. The systemic clearance is 10 to 20 mL/min/kg (mean 13, ±3 SD, n=13). The elimination half-life of prilocaine is approximately 10 to 150 minutes (mean 70, ±48 SD, n=13). The systemic clearance is 18 to 64 mL/min/kg (mean 38, ±15 SD, n=13). During intravenous studies, the elimination half-life of lidocaine was statistically significantly longer in elderly patients (2.5 hours) than in younger patients (1.5 hours). No studies are available on the intravenous pharmacokinetics of prilocaine in elderly patients.
Pediatrics: Some pharmacokinetic (PK) data are available in infants (1 month to <2 years old) and children (2 to <12 years old). One PK study was conducted in 9 full-term neonates (mean age: 7 days and mean gestational age: 38.8 weeks). The study results show that neonates had comparable plasma lidocaine and prilocaine concentrations and blood methemoglobin concentrations as those found in previous pediatric PK studies and clinical trials. There was a tendency towards an increase in methemoglobin formation. However, due to assay limitations and very little amount of blood that could be collected from neonates, large variations in the above reported concentrations were found.
Special Populations: No specific PK studies were conducted. The half-life may be increased in cardiac or hepatic dysfunction. Prilocaine’s half-life also may be increased in hepatic or renal dysfunction since both of these organs are involved in prilocaine metabolism.
EMLA Cream application in adults prior to IV cannulation or venipuncture was studied in 200 patients in four clinical studies in Europe. Application for at least 1 hour provided significantly more dermal analgesia than placebo cream or ethyl chloride. EMLA Cream was comparable to subcutaneous lidocaine, but was less efficacious than intradermal lidocaine. Most patients found EMLA Cream treatment preferable to lidocaine infiltration or ethyl chloride spray.
EMLA Cream was compared with 0.5% lidocaine infiltration prior to skin graft harvesting in one open label study in 80 adult patients in England. Application of EMLA Cream for 2 to 5 hours provided dermal analgesia comparable to lidocaine infiltration.
EMLA Cream application in children was studied in seven non-US studies (320 patients) and one US study (100 patients). In controlled studies, application of EMLA Cream for at least 1 hour with or without presurgical medication prior to needle insertion provided significantly more pain reduction than placebo. In children under the age of seven years, EMLA Cream was less effective than in older children or adults.
EMLA Cream was compared with placebo in the laser treatment of facial port-wine stains in 72 pediatric patients (ages 5 to 16). EMLA Cream was effective in providing pain relief during laser treatment.
EMLA Cream alone was compared with EMLA Cream followed by lidocaine infiltration and lidocaine infiltration alone prior to cryotherapy for the removal of male genital warts. The data from 121 patients demonstrated that EMLA Cream was not effective as a sole anesthetic agent in managing the pain from the surgical procedure. The administration of EMLA Cream prior to lidocaine infiltration provided significant relief of discomfort associated with local anesthetic infiltration and thus was effective in the overall reduction of pain from the procedure only when used in conjunction with local anesthetic infiltration of lidocaine.
EMLA Cream was studied in 105 full term neonates (gestational age: 37 weeks) for blood drawing and circumcision procedures. When considering the use of EMLA Cream in neonates, the primary concerns are the systemic absorption of the active ingredients and the subsequent formation of methemoglobin. In clinical studies performed in neonates, the plasma levels of lidocaine, prilocaine, and methemoglobin were not reported in a range expected to cause clinical symptoms.
Local dermal effects associated with EMLA Cream application in these studies on intact skin included paleness, redness and edema and were transient in nature (see ADVERSE REACTIONS).
The application of EMLA Cream on genital mucous membranes for minor, superficial surgical procedures (eg, removal of condylomata acuminata) was studied in 80 patients in a placebo-controlled clinical trial (60 patients received EMLA Cream and 20 patients received placebo). EMLA Cream (5 to 10 g) applied between 1 and 75 minutes before surgery, with a median time of 15 minutes, provided effective local anesthesia for minor superficial surgical procedures. The greatest extent of analgesia, as measured by VAS scores, was attained after 5 to 15 minutes’ application. The application of EMLA Cream to genital mucous membranes as pretreatment for local anesthetic infiltration was studied in a double-blind, placebo-controlled study in 44 female patients (21 patients received EMLA Cream and 23 patients received placebo) scheduled for infiltration prior to a surgical procedure of the external vulva or genital mucosa. EMLA Cream applied to the genital mucous membranes for 5 to 10 minutes resulted in adequate topical anesthesia for local anesthetic injection.
The dose of EMLA Cream that provides effective analgesia depends on the duration of the application over the treated area.
All pharmacokinetic and clinical studies employed a thick layer of EMLA Cream (1 to 2 g/10 cm2). The duration of application prior to venipuncture was 1 hour. The duration of application prior to taking split thickness skin grafts was 2 hours. A thinner application has not been studied and may result in less complete analgesia or a shorter duration of adequate analgesia.
The systemic absorption of lidocaine and prilocaine is a side effect of the desired local effect. The amount of drug absorbed depends on surface area and duration of application. The systemic blood levels depend on the amount absorbed and patient size (weight) and the rate of systemic drug elimination. Long duration of application, large treatment area small patients, or impaired elimination may result in high blood levels. The systemic blood levels are typically a small fraction (1/20 to 1/36) of the blood levels that produce toxicity. Table 2 below gives maximum recommended doses, application areas and application times for infants and children.
| Age and Body Weight Requirements |
Maximum Total Dose of EMLA Cream |
Maximum Application Area** | Maximum Application Time |
0 up to 3 months or < 5
kg |
1g |
10 cm2 |
1 hour |
3 up to 12 months and > 5
kg |
2g |
20 cm2 |
4 hours |
1 to 6 years and > 10
kg |
10g |
100 cm2 |
4 hours |
7 to 12 years and > 20
kg |
20g |
200 cm2 |
4 hours |
Please note: If a patient greater than 3 months old does not meet the minimum weight requirement, the maximum total dose of EMLA Cream should be restricted to that which corresponds to the patient’s weight.
* These are broad guidelines for avoiding systemic toxicity in applying EMLA Cream to patients with normal intact skin and with normal renal and hepatic function.
** For more individualized calculation of how
much lidocaine and prilocaine may be absorbed, physicians can
use the following estimates of lidocaine and prilocaine
absorption for children and adults:
The
estimated mean (±SD) absorption of lidocaine is 0.045
(±0.016)
mg/cm2/hr.
The
estimated mean (±SD) absorption of prilocaine is 0.077
(±0.036) mg/cm2/hr.
An I.V. antiarrhythmic dose of lidocaine is 1 mg/kg (70 mg/70 kg) and gives a blood level of about 1µg/mL. Toxicity would be expected at blood levels above 5 µg/mL. Smaller areas of treatment are recommended in a debilitated patient, a small child or a patient with impaired elimination. Decreasing the duration of application is likely to decrease the analgesic effect.
EMLA Cream (a eutectic mixture of lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) is indicated as a topical anesthetic for use on:
– normal intact skin for local analgesia.
– genital mucous membranes for superficial minor surgery and as pretreatment for infiltration anesthesia.
EMLA Cream is not recommended in any clinical situation when penetration or migration beyond the tympanic membrane into the middle ear is possible because of the ototoxic effects observed in animal studies (see WARNINGS).
EMLA Cream (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) is contraindicated in patients with a known history of sensitivity to local anesthetics of the amide type or to any other component of the product.
Application of EMLA Cream to larger areas or for longer times than those recommended could result in sufficient absorption of lidocaine and prilocaine resulting in serious adverse effects (see Individualization of Dose).
Patients treated with class III anti-arrhythmic drugs (et, amiodarone, bretylium, sotalol, dofetilide) should be under close surveillance and ECG monitoring considered, because cardiac effects may be additive.
Studies in laboratory animals (guinea pigs) have shown that EMLA Cream has an ototoxic effect when instilled into the middle ear. In these same studies, animals exposed to EMLA Cream only in the external auditory canal, showed no abnormality. EMLA Cream should not be used in any clinical situation when its penetration or migration beyond the tympanic membrane into the middle ear is possible.
EMLA Cream should not be used in those rare patients with congenital or idiopathic methemoglobinemia and in infants under the age of twelve months who are receiving treatment with methemoglobin-inducing agents.
Very young patients or patients with glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficiencies are more susceptible to methemoglobinemia.
Patients taking drugs associated with drug-induced methemoglobinemia such as sulfonamides, acetaminophen, acetanilid, aniline dyes, benzocaine, chloroquine, dapsone, naphthalene, nitrates and nitrites, nitrofurantoin, nitroglycerin, nitroprusside, pamaquine, para-aminosalicylic acid, phenacetin, phenobarbital, phenytoin, primaquine, quinine, are also at greater risk for developing methemoglobinemia.
There have been reports of significant methemoglobinemia (20 to 30%) in infants and children following excessive applications of EMLA Cream. These cases involved the use of large doses, larger than recommended areas of application, or infants under the age of 3 months who did not have fully mature enzyme systems. In addition, a few of these cases involved the concomitant administration of methemoglobin-inducing agents. Most patients recovered spontaneously after removal of the cream. Treatment with IV methylene blue may be effective if required.
Physicians are cautioned to make sure that parents or other caregivers understand the need for careful application of EMLA Cream, to ensure that the doses and areas of application recommended in Table 2 are not exceeded (especially in children under the age of 3 months) and to limit the period of application to the minimum required to achieve the desired anesthesia.
Neonates and infants up to 3 months of age should be monitored for Met-Hb levels before, during, and after the application of EMLA Cream, provided the test results can be obtained quickly.
Repeated doses of EMLA Cream may increase blood levels of lidocaine and prilocaine. EMLA Cream should be used with caution in patients who may be more sensitive to the systemic effects of lidocaine and prilocaine including acutely ill, debilitated, or elderly patients.
EMLA cream should not be applied to open wounds.
Care should be taken not to allow EMLA cream to come in contact with the eye because animal studies have demonstrated severe eye irritation. Also the loss of protective reflexes can permit corneal irritation and potential abrasion. Absorption of EMLA Cream in conjunctival tissues has not been determined. If eye contact occurs, immediately wash out the eye with water or saline and protect the eye until sensation returns.
Patients allergic to paraaminobenzoic acid derivatives (procaine, tetracaine, benzocaine, etc.) have not shown cross sensitivity to lidocaine and/or prilocaine, however, EMLA Cream should be used with caution in patients with a history of drug sensitivities, especially if the etiologic agent is uncertain.
Patients with severe hepatic disease, because of their inability to metabolize local anesthetics normally, are at greater risk of developing toxic plasma concentrations of lidocaine and prilocaine.
Lidocaine and prilocaine have been shown to inhibit viral and bacterial growth. The effect of EMLA Cream on intradermal injections of live vaccines has not been determined.
When EMLA Cream is used, the patient should be aware that the production of dermal analgesia may be accompanied by the block of all sensations in the treated skin. For this reason, the patient should avoid inadvertent trauma to the treated area by scratching, rubbing, or exposure to extreme hot or cold temperatures until complete sensation has returned.
EMLA cream should not be applied near the eyes or on open wounds.
EMLA Cream should be used with caution in patients receiving Class I antiarrhythmic drugs (such as tocainide and mexiletine) since the toxic effects are additive and potentially synergistic.
Prilocaine may contribute to the formation of methemoglobin in patients treated with other drugs known to cause this condition (see Methemoglobinemia subsection of WARNINGS).
Specific interaction studies with lidocaine/prilocaine and class III anti-arrhythmic drugs (eg, amiodarone, bretylium, sotalol, doetilide) have not been performed, but caution is advised (see WARNINGS).
Should EMLA Cream be used concomitantly with other products containing lidocaine and/or prilocaine, cumulative doses from all formulations must be considered.
Carcinogenesis: Long-term studies in animals designed to evaluate the carcinogenic potential of lidocaine and prilocaine have not been conducted.
Metabolites of prilocaine have been shown to be carcinogenic in laboratory animals. In the animal studies reported below, doses or blood levels are compared with the Single Dermal Administration (SDA) of 60 g of EMLA Cream to 400 cm2 for 3 hours to a small person (50 kg). The typical application of EMLA Cream for one or two treatments for venipuncture sites (2.5 or 5 g) would be 1/24 or 1/12 of that dose in an adult or about the same mg/kg dose in an infant.
Chronic oral toxicity studies of ortho-toluidine, a metabolite of prilocaine, in mice (450 to 7200 mg/m2; 60 to 960 times SDA) and rats (900 to 4,800 mg/m2; 60 to 320 times SDA) have shown that ortho-toluidine is a carcinogen in both species. The tumors included hepatocarcinomas/adenomas in female mice, multiple occurrences of hemangiosarcomas/hemangiomas in both sexes of mice, sarcomas of multiple organs, transitional-cell carcinomas/papillomas of urinary bladder in both sexes of rats, subcutaneous fibromas/fibrosarcomas and mesotheliomas in male rats, and mammary gland fibroadenomas/adenomas in female rats. The lowest dose tested (450 mg/m2 in mice, 900 mg/m2 in rats; 60 times SDA) was carcinogenic in both species. Thus the no-effect dose must be less than 60 times SDA. The animal studies were conducted at 150 to 2,400 mg/kg in mice and at 150 to 800 mg/kg in rats. The dosages have been converted to mg/m2 for the SDA calculations above.
Mutagenesis: The mutagenic potential of lidocaine HCl has been tested in a bacterial reverse (Ames) assay in Salmonella, an in vitro chromosomal aberration assay using human lymphocytes an in vivo micronucleus test in mice. There was no indication of mutagenicity or structural damage to chromosomes in these tests.
Ortho-toluidine, a metabolite of prilocaine, at a concentration of 0.5 μg/mL, was genotoxic in Escherichia coli DNA repair and phage-induction assays. Urine concentrates from rats treated with ortho-toluidine (300 mg/kg orally; 300 times SDA) were mutagenic when examined in Salmonella typhimurium in the presence of metabolic activation. Several other tests on ortho-toluidine, including reverse mutations in five different Salmonella typhimurium strains in the presence or absence of metabolic activation and a study to detect single strand breaks in DNA of V79 Chinese hamster cells, were negative.
Impairment of Fertility: See Use in Pregnancy.
Reproduction studies with lidocaine have been performed in rats and have revealed no evidence of harm to the fetus (30 mg/kg subcutaneously; 22 times SDA). Reproduction studies with prilocaine have been performed in rats and have revealed no evidence of impaired fertility or harm to the fetus (300 mg/kg intramuscularly; 188 times SDA). There are, however, no adequate and well-controlled studies in pregnant women. Because animal reproduction studies are not always predictive of human response, EMLA Cream should be used during pregnancy only if clearly needed.
Reproduction studies have been performed in rats receiving subcutaneous administration of an aqueous mixture containing lidocaine HCl and prilocaine HCl at 1:1 (w/w). At 40 mg/kg each, a dose equivalent to 29 times SDA lidocaine and 25 times SDA prilocaine, no teratogenic, embryotoxic or fetotoxic effects were observed.
Neither lidocaine nor prilocaine are contraindicated in labor and delivery. Should EMLA Cream be used concomitantly with other products containing lidocaine and/or prilocaine, cumulative doses from all formulations must be considered.
Lidocaine, and probably prilocaine, are excreted in human milk. Therefore, caution should be exercised when EMLA Cream is administered to a nursing mother since the milk:plasma ratio of lidocaine is 0.4 and is not determined for prilocaine.
Controlled studies of EMLA Cream in children under the age of seven years have shown less overall benefit than in older children or adults. These results illustrate the importance of emotional and psychological support of younger children undergoing medical or surgical procedures.
EMLA Cream should be used with care in patients with conditions or therapy associated with methemoglobinemia (see Methemoglobinemia subsection of WARNINGS).
When using EMLA Cream in young children, especially infants under the age of 3 months, care must be taken to insure that the caregiver understands the need to limit the dose and area of application, and to prevent accidental ingestion (see DOSAGE AND ADMINISTRATION and Methemoglobinemia).
In neonates (minimum gestation age: 37 weeks) and children weighing less than 20 kg, the area and duration of application should be limited (see TABLE 2 in Individualization of Dose).
Studies have not demonstrated the efficacy of EMLA Cream for heel lancing in neonates.
Of the total number of patients in clinical studies of EMLA Cream, 180 were age 65 to 74 and 138 were 75 and over. No overall differences in safety or efficacy were observed between these patients and younger patients. Other reported clinical experience has not identified differences in responses between the elderly and younger patients, but greater sensitivity of some older individuals cannot be ruled out.
Plasma levels of lidocaine and prilocaine in geriatric and non-geriatric patients following application of a thick layer of EMLA Cream are very low and well below potentially toxic levels. However, there are no sufficient data to evaluate quantitative differences in systemic plasma levels of lidocaine and prilocaine between geriatric and non-geriatric patients following application of EMLA Cream.
Consideration should be given for those elderly patients who have enhanced sensitivity to systemic absorption (see PRECAUTIONS).
After intravenous dosing, the elimination half-life of lidocaine is significantly longer in elderly patients (2.5 hours) than in younger patients (1.5 hours). (See CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY).
During or immediately after treatment with EMLA Cream on intact skin, the skin at the site of treatment may develop erythema or edema or may be the locus of abnormal sensation. Rare cases of discrete purpuric or petechial reactions at the application site have been reported. Rare cases of hyperpigmentation following the use of EMLA Cream have been reported. The relationship to EMLA Cream or the underlying procedure has not been established. In clinical studies on intact skin involving over 1,300 EMLA Cream-treated subjects, one or more such local reactions were noted in 56% of patients, and were generally mild and transient, resolving spontaneously within 1 or 2 hours. There were no serious reactions that were ascribed to EMLA Cream.
Two recent reports describe blistering on the foreskin in neonates about to undergo circumcision. Both neonates received 1.0 g of EMLA Cream.
In patients treated with EMLA Cream on intact skin, local effects observed in the trials included: paleness (pallor or blanching) 37%, redness (erythema) 30%, alterations in temperature sensations 7%, edema 6%, itching 2% and rash, less than 1%.
In clinical studies on genital mucous membranes involving 378 EMLA Cream-treated patients, one or more application site reactions, usually mild and transient, were noted in 41% of patients. The most common application site reactions were redness (21%), burning sensation (17%) and edema (10%).
Allergic and anaphylactoid reactions associated with lidocaine or prilocaine can occur. They are characterized by urticaria, angioedema, bronchospasm, and shock. If they occur they should be managed by conventional means. The detection of sensitivity by skin testing is of doubtful value.
Systemic adverse reactions following appropriate use of EMLA Cream are unlikely due to the small dose absorbed (see Pharmacokinetics subsection of CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY). Systemic adverse effects of lidocaine and/or prilocaine are similar in nature to those observed with other amide local anesthetic agents including CNS excitation and/or depression (light-headedness, nervousness, apprehension, euphoria, confusion, dizziness, drowsiness, tinnitus, blurred or double vision, vomiting, sensations of heat, cold or numbness, twitching, tremors, convulsions, unconsciousness, respiratory depression and arrest). Excitatory CNS reactions may be brief or not occur at all, in which case the first manifestation may be drowsiness merging into unconsciousness. Cardiovascular manifestations may include bradycardia, hypotension and cardiovascular collapse leading to arrest.
Peak blood levels following a 60 g application to 400 cm2 of intact skin for 3 hours are 0.05 to 0.16 μg/mL for lidocaine and 0.02 to 0.10 μg/mL for prilocaine. Toxic levels of lidocaine (>5 μg/mL) and/or prilocaine (>6 μg/mL) cause decreases in cardiac output, total peripheral resistance and mean arterial pressure. These changes may be attributable to direct depressant effects of these local anesthetic agents on the cardiovascular system. In the absence of massive topical overdose or oral ingestion, evaluation should include evaluation of other etiologies for the clinical effects or overdosage from other sources of lidocaine, prilocaine or other local anesthetics. Consult the package inserts for parenteral Xylocaine (lidocaine HCl) or Citanest (prilocaine HCl) for further information for the management of overdose.
A thick layer of EMLA Cream is applied to intact skin and covered with an occlusive dressing (see INSTRUCTIONS FOR APPLICATION).
Minor Dermal Procedures: For minor procedures such as intravenous cannulation and venipuncture, apply 2.5 grams of EMLA Cream (1/2 the 5 g tube) over 20 to 25 cm2 of skin surface for at least 1 hour. In controlled clinical trials using EMLA Cream, two sites were usually prepared in case there was a technical problem with cannulation or venipuncture at the first site.
Major Dermal Procedures: For more painful dermatological procedures involving a larger skin area such as split thickness skin graft harvesting, apply 2 grams of EMLA Cream per 10 cm2 of skin and allow to remain in contact with the skin for at least 2 hours.
Adult Male Genital Skin: As an adjunct prior to local anesthetic infiltration, apply a thick layer of EMLA Cream (1 g/10 cm2) to the skin surface for 15 minutes. Local anesthetic infiltration should be performed immediately after removal of EMLA Cream.
Dermal analgesia can be expected to increase for up to 3 hours under occlusive dressing and persist for 1 to 2 hours after removal of the cream. The amount of lidocaine and prilocaine absorbed during the period of application can be estimated from the information in Table 2, ** footnote, in Individualization of Dose.
For minor procedures on the female external genitalia, such as removal of condylomata acuminata, as well as for use as pretreatment for anesthetic infiltration, apply a thick layer (5 to 10 grams) of EMLA Cream for 5 to 10 minutes.
Occlusion is not necessary for absorption, but may be helpful to keep the cream in place. Patients should be lying down during the EMLA Cream application, especially if no occlusion is used. The procedure or the local anesthetic infiltration should be performed immediately after the removal of EMLA Cream.
The following are the maximum recommended doses, application areas and application times for EMLA Cream based on a child’s age and weight:
| Age and Body
Weight Requirements |
Maximum Total Dose of EMLA Cream |
Maximum Application Area |
Maximum
Application Time |
0 up to 3 months or < 5
kg |
1 g |
10 cm2 |
1 hour |
3 up to 12 months and > 5
kg |
2 g |
20 cm2 |
4 hours |
1 to 6 years and > 10
kg |
10 g |
100 cm2 |
4 hours |
7 to 12 years and > 20
kg |
20 g |
200 cm2 |
4 hours |
Please note: If a patient greater than 3 months old does not meet the minimum weight requirement, the maximum total dose of EMLA Cream should be restricted to that which corresponds to the patient’s weight (see INSTRUCTIONS FOR APPLICATION).
Practitioners should carefully instruct caregivers to avoid application of excessive amounts of EMLA Cream (see PRECAUTIONS).
When applying EMLA Cream to the skin of young children, care must be taken to maintain careful observation of the child to prevent accidental ingestion of EMLA Cream or the occlusive dressing. A secondary protective covering to prevent inadvertent disruption of the application site may be useful.
EMLA Cream should not be used in neonates with a gestational age less than 37 weeks nor in infants under the age of 12 months who are receiving treatment with methemoglobin-inducing agents (see Methemoglobinemia subsection of WARNINGS).
When EMLA Cream (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine
2.5%) is used concomitantly with other products
containing local anesthetic agents, the amount absorbed from all
formulations must be considered (see Individualization of Dose). The amount
absorbed in the case of EMLA Cream is determined by the area
over which it is applied and the duration of application under
occlusion (see TABLE 2,
** footnote in
Individualization of Dose ).
Although the incidence of systemic adverse reactions with EMLA Cream is very low, caution should be exercised, particularly when applying it over large areas and leaving it on for longer than 2 hours. The incidence of systemic adverse reactions can be expected to be directly proportional to the area and time of exposure (see Individualization of Dose).
To measure 1 gram of EMLA, the Cream should be gently squeezed out of the tube as a narrow strip that is 1.5 inches (3.8 cm) long and 0.2 inches (5 mm) wide. The strip of EMLA cream should be contained within the lines of the diagram shown below.
1.5 x 0.2 inches
Use the number of strips that equals your dose, like the
examples in the table below.
Dosing Information
1 gram = 1 strip
2 grams = 2 strips
2.5 grams = 2.5 strips
For adult and pediatric patients, apply ONLY as prescribed by your physician.
If your child is below the age of 3 months or small for their age, please inform your doctor before applying EMLA Cream, which can be harmful, if applied over too much skin at one time in young children.
When applying EMLA to the intact skin of young children, it is important that they be carefully observed by an adult in order to prevent the accidental ingestion of or eye contact with EMLA Cream.
EMLA Cream must be applied to intact skin at least 1 hour before the start of a routine procedure and for 2 hours before the start of a painful procedure. A protective covering of the cream is not necessary for absorption but may be helpful to keep the cream in place.
If using a protective covering, your doctor will remove it, wipe off the EMLA Cream, and clean the entire area with an antiseptic solution before the procedure. The duration of effective skin anesthesia will be at least 1 hour after removal of the protective covering.
EMLA Cream is available as the following:
| Product No. |
NDC No. |
Strength | Size |
| 278905 | 63323-289-05 | 5 gram/tube | packaged individually. |
| 278955 | 63323-289-55 | 5 gram/tube | packaged in 5. |
| 279030 | 63323-290-30 | 30 gram/tube | packaged individually, in a child-resistant tube. |
NOT FOR OPHTHALMIC USE.
KEEP CONTAINER TIGHTLY CLOSED AT ALL TIMES WHEN NOT IN USE.
Store at 20° to 25°C (68° to 77°F)[see USP Controlled Room Temperature].
Manufactured for:
451096A
Revised: November 2008
PACKAGE LABEL - PRINCIPAL DISPLAY - EMLA Cream 5 grams Box Label
NDC 63323-289-05
278905
5 Grams
EMLA® CREAM
(lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine
2.5%)
This package contains ONE 5 gram tube of EMLA® Cream.
For Topical Use Only
Rx only
PACKAGE LABEL - PRINCIPAL DISPLAY - EMLA Cream 5 grams Tube Label
NDC 63323-289-05
Rx only
EMLA® CREAM
(lidocaine 2.5% and
prilocaine 2.5%)
For Topical Use Only
5 Grams
PACKAGE LABEL - PRINCIPAL DISPLAY - EMLA Cream 5 grams Box Label
NDC 63323-289-55
278955
5 Grams
EMLA® CREAM
(lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine
2.5%)
This package contains FIVE 5 gram tubes of EMLA® Cream.
For Topical Use Only
Rx only
|
EMLA
lidocaine cream | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|
|
EMLA
lidocaine cream | ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
| ||||||||||||||||||||
|
| Labeler - APP Pharmaceuticals, LLC (608775388) |
| Establishment | |||
| Name | Address | ID/FEI | Business Operations |
|---|---|---|---|
| AstraUSA, Inc | 176500158 | MANUFACTURE |


Mosaic Plus - Luciano Petrongelli & Sarah Mahram
Version 1.0 - https://github.com/lpetrongellijr/MosaicPlus
git clone https://github.com/lpetrongellijr/MosaicPlus


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Median earnings for American men and women working full-time in 2014
Source: 2014 U.S. Current Population Survey


Chester Billiards League
2022-2023
Breaks over 50
Breaks recorded in League matches appear in white
Breaks recorded in the Cayzer Cup appear in yellow
| Date | Player | Break |
|---|---|---|
| 11th April 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 143 |
| 7th March 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 138 |
| 7th March 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 130 |
| 25th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 114 |
| 28th February 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 112 |
| 4th April 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 106 |
| 27th September 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 105 |
| 25th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 101 |
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| 4th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 91 |
| 21st February 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 89 |
| 22nd November 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 87 |
| 11th April 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 86 |
| 4th April 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 85 |
| 31st January 2023 | Carl Bennett | 84 |
| 28th February 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 80 |
| 17th January 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 79 |
| 18th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 78 |
| 6th December 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 78 |
| 13th December 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 78 |
| 4th April 2023 | Tony Done | 74 |
| 14th March 2023 | Alan Norwood | 73 |
| 24th January 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 72 |
| 27th September 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 70 |
| 25th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 70 |
| 17th January 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 70 |
| 15th November 2022 | Tony Done | 69 |
| 15th November 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 68 |
| 11th April 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 68 |
| 4th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 67 |
| 7th February 2023 | Steve Bradshaw | 62 |
| 17th January 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 60 |
| 22nd November 2022 | Tony Done | 59 |
| 22nd November 2022 | Tony Cooke | 59 |
| 18th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 58 |
| 4th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 57 |
| 18th October 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 56 |
| 7th February 2023 | Tony Cooke | 56 |
| 4th April 2023 | Tony Done | 55 |
| 13th December 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 54 |
| 7th March 2023 | Tony Done | 54 |
| 13th December 2022 | Geoff Brassington | 51 |
| 24th January 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 51 |
| 21st February 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 51 |
| 17th January 2023 | Geoff Brassington | 50 |


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Master Duroga:
Word has reached me that you are embarked on a quest to find the 6 Tablets of Vision. Prepare yourself -- this will not be an easy task. To
simply find the Tablets is insufficient; you will need special Resonance Amulets to communicate with each Tablet.
I can tell you the location of the amulets. However...
"Yes?"


kubeadm
Command-line interface for creating and managing Kubernetes clusters.
More information: home page
- Create a Kubernetes master node:
kubeadm init
- Bootstrap a Kubernetes worker node and join it to a cluster:
kubeadm join --token token
- Create a new bootstrap token with a TTL of 12 hours:
kubeadm token create --ttl 12h0m0s
- Check if the Kubernetes cluster is upgradeable and which versions are available:
kubeadm upgrade plan
- Upgrade Kubernetes cluster to a specified version:
kubeadm upgrade apply version
- View the kubeadm ConfigMap containing the cluster's configuration:
kubeadm config view
- Revert changes made to the host by 'kubeadm init' or 'kubeadm join':
kubeadm reset


If you have any issues or concerns about this site, or if you wish to peer with this server, please contact me via the email address within the below public key.
B0F16511
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This server is a member of the sks-keyserver pool of servers. It hosts OpenPGP keys in a fashion that allows them to be quickly and easily retrieved and used by different client software.
You may connect to this server by adding one of the following entries to your OpenPGP client software.
Note: keys.gnupg.net and pgp.ipfire.org are both alias for pool.sks-keyservers.net. Requests sent to either of these hosts will also be served by this server.
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{% extends "base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block header %} {% endblock %} {% block title %}EECS Day{% endblock %} {% block heading %}EECS Day{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Taking place every Fall, EECS Day is our annual open house, providing prospective students in high-school and their parents with an opportunity to learn firsthand what it is like to study EECS at UC Berkeley. The day’s activities typically include a department tour, various hands-on EECS workshops and demos, and the chance to speak to UC Berkeley professors and students on their personal experiences. For those not yet in high school but are still eager to learn about EECS at Cal, HKN hosts Junior EECS Day.
Annual, Fall Semester


Module 5 Running R code
Learning goals
- Learn how to run code in R
- Learn how to use R as a calculator
- Learn how to use mathematical and logical operators in R
RStudio’s Console
When you open RStudio
, you see several different panes within the program’s window. You will get a tour of RStudio
in the next module. For now, look at the left half of the screen. You should see a large pane entitled the Console.
RStudio
’s Console is your window into R
, the engine under the hood. The Console is where you type commands for R
to run, and where R
prints back the results of what you have told it to do.
Running code in the Console
Type your first command into the Console, then press Enter
:
When you press Enter
, R processes the command you fed it, then returns its result (2
) just below your command.
Note that spaces don’t matter. Both of the following two commands are legible to R
and return the same thing:
However, it is better to make your code as easy to read as possible, which usually means using spaces.
Exercise 1
Type a command in the Console to determine the sum of 596 and 198.
Re-running code in the Console
If you want to re-run the code you just ran, or if you want to recall the code so that you can adjust it slightly, click anywhere in the Console then press your keyboard’s Up
arrow.
If you keep pressing your Up
arrow, R
will present you with sequentially older commands.
If you accidentally recalled an old command without meaning to, you can reset the Console’s command line by pressing Escape
.
Exercise 2
A. Re-run the sum of 596 and 198 without re-typing it.
B. Recall the command again, but this time adjust the code to find the sum of 596 and 298.
C. Practice escaping an accidentally called command: recall your most recent command, then clear the Console’s command line.
Incomplete commands in R
R
gets confused when you enter an incomplete command, and will wait for you to write the remainder of your command on the next line in the Console before doing anything.
For example, try running this code in your Console:
You will find that R
gives you a little +
sign on the line under your command, which means it is waiting for you to complete your command.
If you want to complete your command, add a number (e.g., 3)
and hit Enter
. You should now be given an answer (e.g., 48
).
If instead you want R
to stop waiting and stop running, hit the Escape
key.
Getting errors in R
R
only understands your commands if they follow the rules of the R
language (often referred to as its syntax). If R
does not understand your code, it will throw an error and give up on trying to execute that line of code.
For example, try running this code in your Console:
You probably received a message in red font stating Error: unexpected symbol in "4 + 6p"
. That is because R did know how to interpret the symbol p
in this case.
Get used to errors! They happen all the time, even (especially?) to professionals, and it is essential that you get used to reading your own code to find and fix its errors.
Exercise 3
Type a command in R that throws an error, then recall the command and revise so that R
can understand it.
Use R like a calculator
As you can tell from those commands you just ran, R
is, at heart, a fancy calculator.
Some calculations are straightforward, like addition and subtraction:
Division is pretty straightfoward too:
For multiplication, use an asterisk (*
):
R
is usually great about following classic rules for Order of Operations, and you can use parentheses to exert control over that order. For example, these two commands produce different results:
You denote exponents like this:
Finally, note that R
is fine with negative numbers:
Exercise 4
A. Find the sum of the ages of everyone in your immediate family.
B. Now recall that command and adjust it to determine the average age of the members of your family.
Using operators in R
You can get R
to evaluate logical tests using operators.
For example, you can ask whether two values are equal to each other.
R
is telling you that the first statement is FALSE
(96
is not, in fact, equal to 95
) and that the second statement is TRUE
(95 + 2
is, in fact, equal to itself).
Note the use of double equal signs here. You must use two of them in order for R
to understand that you are asking for this logical test.
You can also ask if two values are NOT equal to each other:
This test is a bit more difficult to understand: In the first statement, R
is telling you that it is TRUE
that 96
is different from 95
. In the second statement, R
is saying that it is FALSE
that 95 + 2
is not the same as itself.
Note that R
lets you write these tests another, even more confusing way:
The first line of code is asking R
whether it is not true that 96
and 95
are equal to each other, which is TRUE
. The second line of code is asking R
whether it is not true that 95 + 2
is the same as itself, which is of course FALSE
.
Other commonly used operators in R
include greater than / less than (>
and <
), and greater/less than or equal to (>=
and <=
).
Use built-in functions within R
R
has some built-in “functions” for common calculations, such as finding square roots and logarithms. Functions are packages of code that take a given value, transform it according to some internal code instructions, and provide an output. You will learn more about functions in a few modules.
Note that the function log()
is the natural log function (i.e., the value that e must be raised to in order to equal 4). To calculate a base-10 logarithm, use log10( )
.
Another handy function is round()
, for rounding numbers to a specific number of decimal places.
100/3
[1] 33.33333
round(100/3)
[1] 33
round(100/3,digits=1)
[1] 33.3
round(100/3,digits=2)
[1] 33.33
round(100/3,digits=3)
[1] 33.333
Finally, R
also comes with some built-in values, such as pi:
Exercise 6
Find the square root of pi and round the answer to the 2 decimal places.
Review assignment:
Show that the following statements are TRUE:
A. pi
is greater than the square root of 9
B. It is FALSE that the square root of 9 is greater than pi
C. pi
rounded to the nearest whole number equals the square root of 9
Other Resources
Hobbes Primer, Table 1 (Math Operators, pg. 18) and Table 2 (Logical operators, pg. 22)


Do Tinder Bots Dream of Electric Toys? How Tinder Bots are breaking hearts all over the world, and trashing Tinder’s reputation while they’re at it.
Abstract
Tinder. The Final Frontier.
Research shows that there are 50 million active users on Tinder, who check their accounts 11 times per day and spend an average of 90 minutes per day on the app. Even celebrities, it seems. [Marie Claire]
In the name of Science, I decided to sacrifice myself and delve into the world of Tinder Dating. At first, I was detecting patterns in photos, in poses, in language and in attitude, all over the world! But suddenly something else showed up on my radar: Bots. And not just one - I was being surrounded. Imagine the heartbreak of matching 7 gorgeous women in a Scandinavian capital, only to discover that not only were they in reality bots, but they actually had an agenda!
In this talk I’ll describe the research, how I came to discover that Bots were not an isolated case, and how I uncovered the pattern behind generating the profiles. I’ll also break down the infrastructure behind the operation, and show who’s behind a campaign that spawned over multiple countries and continents. I’ll give multiple examples, from Tinder as well as from other platforms, of how bots operate under the radar of the site owners and carry out their agenda.
Speaker Profile
Inbar (@inbarraz) has been teaching and lecturing about Internet Security and Reverse Engineering for nearly as long as he has been doing that himself. He started programming at the age of 9 on his Dragon 64. At 13 he got a PC, and promptly started Reverse Engineering at the age of 14. Through high-school he was a key figure in the Israeli BBS scene. He spent most of his career in the Internet and Data Security field, and the only reason he’s not in jail right now is because he chose the right side of the law at an early age.
Inbar specializes in outside-the-box approach to analyzing security and finding vulnerabilities. From late 2011 to late 2014 he was running the Malware and Security Research at Check Point, using his extensive experience of over 20 years in the Internet and Data security fields. He has presented at a number of conferences, including Kaspersky SAS, Hack.lu, CCC, Virus Bulletin, ZeroNights, ShowMeCon, several Law Enforcement events and Check Point events.
These days, Inbar is performing fascinating research on Bots and Automated Attacks at PerimeterX, and educating both customers and the public about the subjects.


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Quiz 23 (April 23) - Polar Coordinates
This is the last quiz. You just have to convert an easy (r, theta) polar coordinate into a Cartesian one (x,y). Also includes final reflection questions on your goals.
Quiz 22 (April 19) - Taylor Series (Series part 12/12)
Given a similar Maclaurin series, you will write a function as a power series. My notes on page 5+ is useful.
Quiz 21 (April 14) - Power Series (Series part 11/12)
Find the interval and radius of convergence of a super simple series.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exam 3 Material:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quiz 20 (---) - Approximating Function with Polynomials (Series part 10/12) -- Not quizzed --
Quiz 19 (April 7) - All convergence tests (Series part 9/12)
This is the quiz for Thursday, April 7 instead of Tuesday, April 5. There is no quiz on Tuesday.
One exam-style question on series tests. The intention today is to test your speed and accuracy, so showing work will not be as important.
Quiz 18 (March 31) - Alternating Series & Ratio & Root Tests (Series part 6-8/12)
1.Determine the convergence and the type of convergence (absolute or conditional) for an alternating series..
You might be asked to find the maximum error (Max Rn) in estimating the total sum.
2. Convergence of a series which works best with either the ratio or root test.
Quiz 17 (March 29) - Comparison Test (Series part 5/12)
You are given two infinite series.
Use whichever method you want to determine the convergence/divergence of the series, but obviously the comparison test will help you.
Quiz 16 (March 24) - Divergence & Intgr Test (Series part 3-4/12)
The Wordle was "Folks" for 5 points!
Quiz 15 (March 22) - Infinite Series (Series part 2/12)
Welcome back! How was your spring break?
Quiz 14 (March 10)
One should not have to do a tedious quiz right after exams and right before spring break.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exam 2 Material:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quiz 13 (March 3) - Sequences (Series part 1/12)
You are given a choice of a few sequences. Pick one. Using your chosen sequence, you may be asked to:
Quiz 12 (March 1)
Quiz 11 (Feb 24)
If you wrote "F" on quiz 10, 5 points will be added to your cumulative quiz score
If the cumulative points exceed 100%, they will be saved for the future.
Quiz 10 (Feb 22)
Trigonometric Substitution
Based on trig sub content taught on Feb 14 Lecture, Feb 15 Recitation, and Feb 16 Lecture
You will get one super simple trig sub and one that is not a perfect square. All my questions this time.
If you read the textbook, online, or use the integral calculator, their method is slight different than what I taught. Use whichever method you feel most comfortable with.
*If you are reading this, bonus points if you write the letter "F" next to the rightmost multiple choice bubble, i.e.: 1 (A)(B)(C)(D)(E) 2 (A)(B)(C)(D)(E) F
*Offer void if anyone mentions this in class. Bonus point applies even if you score 10/10 (extra points will be given for another quiz).
Quiz 09 (Feb 17)
Trigonometric Integrals (not trig sub)
You can use my suggested techniques (conversion to u-sub), or use any method you wish (including guessing)
One will be multiple choice.
Quiz 08 (Feb 15)
Integration by parts only.
LIATE/ILATE will work. The standard method or any shortcut methods are accepted.
1. Integration by parts in which you do it once.
2. Integration by parts where you will have to do it more than once.
(Sounds like it will have e^x or a trig function)
Do not forget +C for indefinite integrals. Don't include +C for definite integral (with bounds)
Quiz 07 (Feb 10)
Physical Applications using Integrals (2) - One question 10 points
The quiz will cover one of these questions. These types of problems will only contain metric units. Refer to my notes pages 1, 5-6 for relevant examples.
1) Work required to pump water out of a cylindrical tank
Recall the formulas
F(x)=(density)(g)(Volume)
Work on one slice of water = (Force) (Distance from slice to exit)
Total Work=integral of above work.
For this topic, we consider normal density = mass / volume.
2) Total force applied to the wall of a dam (due to water pressure)
Recall the formulas
Pressure = (density)(g)(depth)
Force on one slice of wall = (Pressure)(Area of slice)
Total Force = integral of above force
-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Exam 1 Material:
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Quiz 06
The problems are taken from the exam, and the integrals will easy enough to solve by hand (hardest would be u-substitution or factoring perfect squares).
Quiz 05
This should be easier than quiz 4.
You will be given a graph that resembles a rotated cone (e.g. y=x, y=0, x=0, x=1).
I will give you the graph with the region already shaded - no need to draw.
You will draw slices and set-up equations for the shell and disk method. - no need to compute.
Quiz 04
Both questions are an exact match to the examples in the recitation notes. Only the examples that we did in class - not the extra problems
Quiz 03
You are asked to find two vectors perpendicular to two given vectors. Remember that u cross v and its opposite, v cross u = -(u cross v) are both perpendicular to the two vectors.
(See notes pages 4-5 and the example on page 7)
I will then give you a set of points. You are then asked to find the area of either the triangle or parallelogram.
(See notes pages 12-14)
Quiz 02
You are given a few vectors
You have to find four things: dot product, angle between them, scalar component, vector projection.
You will have a choice of which pair of vectors to compute these things. All answers will have nice numbers.
Quiz 01
Two survey questions for 3 points
For 4 points, I give you a vector. You will do two things with it:
1) Find another vector with size XX which is [parallel to or in the direction of] that given vector. See recitation notes page 12-14.
2) Sketch the given vector on the 3D plane. See notes page 23.
For 3 points - Multiple Choice, I give you a sphere in non-standard form. You will find the radius or center of that sphere. Hint: Use CTS.


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Carlos Gamino
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Day Four
Sep 24, 2020
Day Three
Sep 17, 2020
Day Two
Sep 16, 2020
Day One
Sep 15, 2020


Turkey Cutlets Marsala
William Brinson for The New York Times. Food stylist: Maggie Ruggiero. Prop stylist: Raina Kattelson. Plate from Canvas. Fork from Michele Varian.
Here is a recipe adapted from one written by Elizabeth David, the erudite British cookbook writer who died in 1992. Jill Norman beautifully reanimated it in her 2010 book “At Elizabeth David’s Table” and we took it along ever so slightly in the name of ease: lightly browned cutlets in a sauce of Marsala wine. The cooking is gentle, and takes little time. It pairs nicely with a mushroom risotto or a pile of rice.
Featured in:
A Small Scale Thanksgiving.
INGREDIENTS
- 4 turkey cutlets, approximately 1 ¼ pounds
- Kosher salt and freshly ground black pepper
- Flour for dusting
PREPARATION
-
Place the cutlets on a wooden board, and season them aggressively with salt and pepper, then lightly dust them with flour.
-
Melt the butter in a large sauté or frying pan set over medium-high heat, and when it begins to foam, add the turkey cutlets to the pan. Turn the heat down to medium, and cook, gently, for 3 minutes a side, being careful not to allow the butter to blacken.


model_convergence.Rmd
library(MplusReadR)
library(MplusAutomation)
#> Warning: package 'MplusAutomation' was built under R version 4.0.3
#> Version: 0.8
#> We work hard to write this free software. Please help us get credit by citing:
#>
#> Hallquist, M. N. & Wiley, J. F. (2018). MplusAutomation: An R Package for Facilitating Large-Scale Latent Variable Analyses in Mplus. Structural Equation Modeling, 25, 621-638. doi: 10.1080/10705511.2017.1402334.
#>
#> -- see citation("MplusAutomation").
You can check whether each model in a list of Mplus models converged using mplus_converge()
. This checks whether the model contains confidence intervals, as non-converged models will not.
# Load the data
bivariate_models <- readModels('bivariate_models', recursive = TRUE)
# Check model convergence
converged <- mplus_converge(bivariate_models)
| list_number | file_name | dataset_title | converged |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | bivariate_models.1_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 1_DEJON2017; | FALSE |
| 2 | bivariate_models.10_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 10_SCHMI; | TRUE |
| 3 | bivariate_models.11_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 11_SELS2017; | TRUE |
| 4 | bivariate_models.12_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 12_SELS2018; | TRUE |
| 5 | bivariate_models.15_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 15_VANDE; | FALSE |
| 6 | bivariate_models.2_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 2_DEJON2018; | TRUE |
| 7 | bivariate_models.3_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 3_HEINI; | TRUE |
| 8 | bivariate_models.5_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 5_KOVAL; | TRUE |
| 9 | bivariate_models.6_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 6_PEW1; | TRUE |
| 10 | bivariate_models.7_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 7_PEW2; | TRUE |
| 11 | bivariate_models.8_panaVAR_SWL.out | Dejonckheere 2019 reanalysis 8_PEW3; | TRUE |
Non-converged models in a list of Mplus output can be removed using mplus_remove_converge()
.
new_models <- mplus_remove_converge(bivariate_models)
Non-converged models are removed automatically when model output is compiled using mplus_compile()
. If there were any non-converged models, a warning will be displayed, as shown below.
mplus_compile(bivariate_models)
#> It appears 2 models did not converge. These were removed. Run mplus_converge(Mplus_file) to check these.
You can prevent automatic removal of non-converged models using converged = FALSE
. However, if the output contains any non-converged models, not removing them will prevent the compilation of the model output.


---
layout: minimal
title: "About the Clan"
permalink: /about/index.html
description: "Information about the Clan and its leaders"
---
About the Clan
Leaders
Here is the current line-up of our leaders
- Kavon80 - Leader (Second account: kav 2)
- Stewdaddy - Co-Leader (Second account: Boomer-0728)
- Lexy - Co-Leader
- Seth - Co-Leader
- You - Co-Leader
- Stymie - Co-Leader
- 138 - Co-Leader (Second account: 138)
- Stoudenmier - Co-Leader (Second account: Stoud Jr.)
- Chris2fourlaw - Co-Leader (Second account: C2FLTheSecond)
Rules
Our main rules are:
- Be a active donator. Try to keep the "Troops Donated" number above the "Troops Recived".
- If you are new, you must at least say "Hi" before requesting.
- Follow the range of bases you are given by the war lord.
- Use both attacks in war except if all bases in your range are 3 starred.
- Do NOT ask for Elder or Co or there will be an immediate boot.
- Set your war preference before war starts.
If you fail to follow one of these rules, you will be warned. If asked a second time, you will be demoted or kicked based on your rank.


1 write to ShouldUseSteppablePipelineOnServer
System.Management.Automation (1)
engine\remoting\commands\InvokeCommandCommand.cs (1)
1041
ecHelper.
ShouldUseSteppablePipelineOnServer
= true;
1 reference to ShouldUseSteppablePipelineOnServer
System.Management.Automation (1)
engine\remoting\commands\PSRemotingCmdlet.cs (1)
3364
if (
ShouldUseSteppablePipelineOnServer
&& pipeline is RemotePipeline rPipeline)


Diamond studios, who are we? We are a group dedicated to helping people with discord bot projects and other small things. We sell discord bots if you want one :)


Potato Leek Soup
- ⏲ Prep time: 15 min
- 🍳 Cook time: 1 hour 20 min
- 🍽 Servings: 2
Ingredients
- 3 tablespoons unsalted butter
- 2 large leeks
- 1 quart chicken or veggie stock
- 11 ounces peeled and sliced waxy potatoes
- 1 bay leaf
- ¾ cup heavy cream
- white pepper
- (optional) ½ teaspoon ground nutmeg
- (optional) ½ tablespoon dill weed
Directions
- Chop the white to light-green part of the leek into moderately sized pieces and discard the dark-green ends.
- Melt the butter in a pot on medium-low heat, add chopped leeks and potatoes. Stir until leeks are sweat.
- Add stock, bay leaf, pepper and optional ingredients now. Raise heat to medium-high, simmer until potatoes are tender.
- After removing the pot from the heat, remove the bay leaf and immersion blend pot until you reach a desired consistency.
- Stir in heavy cream and salt to taste.
Contribution
Recipe tags:
potato
soup
vegetables
cheesefare


You can see this example with different themes on the www.plupload.com website.
You browser doesn't have Flash, Silverlight, Gears, BrowserPlus or HTML5 support.


{% sitetree_menu from "main" include "trunk" template "sitetree/menu_bootstrap3.html" %}
{% sitetree_menu from "main" include "this-siblings" template "sitetree/menu_bootstrap3_navpills.html" %}
{% sitetree_menu from "main" include "this-siblings" template "sitetree/menu_bootstrap3_navpills-stacked.html" %}
{% sitetree_breadcrumbs from "main" template "sitetree/breadcrumbs_bootstrap3.html" %}
{% include '_listing_contents.html' %}


Education
2023
TV Shows
Bez Tajemnic
Ongoing (~8-9)
Joe Perra Talks With You
Ongoing (~8-9)
Movies
Weekends
8
Marcel the Shell with Shoes On
8
The Whale
8
Babylon
8
Czarny Czwartek. Janek Wiśniewski Padł
6
Operation Fortune: Ruse de guerre
6
Puss in Boots
7
Komornik
8
Moonfall
3
2022
TV Shows
Chainsaw Man
7
Wednesday
6
Devilman Crybaby
6
Entergalactic
8
Cyberpunk: Edgerunners
♡ 7
A Place Further Than The Universe
7
Keep Your Hands Off Eizouken!
💕 9
Odd Taxi
7
Mononoke
❤ 8
Welcome To The NHK
6
Darker Than Black S2
5
Severance
8
NieA Under 7
6
Ranking of Kings
(Unfinished 50%) 5
Darker Than Black
6
Green Planet
10
Haibane Renmei
♥ 8
Kaiba
😘 10
The Legend of Vox Machina
7
Attenborough's Life in Colour
9
Konosuba: God's Blessing on This Wonderful World!
7
FLCL Progressive
5
Kyousougiga (2012)
8
FLCL Alternative
3
First Life
7
Tear Along the Dotted Line
7
Kino no Tabi: The Beautiful World (2017)
♥ 8
Movies
Bla Bla
8
Aalto University
(Digital Business Master Class)
Digital Business Master Class
94.6
University of Technology Sydney
Animal Logic Academy
(Graduate Certificate in
Animation and Visualisation)
The Collaboration Studio
Leave of Absence
The Connected Studio
Pass
University of Sydney
(Interaction Design & Electronic Arts)
Inventing The Future
83
Parsons School of Design
(MFA Design & Technology)
Collab: Tech Media Democracy
A
Educational Technology and Design Thinking
A
Creative Coding: Unity
A
Collab: Design for Safaris/Interaction Design in the Wild
B+
Collab: Motion Capture for AR & VR
A
Design & Education
A
University of Sydney
(Interaction Design & Electronic Arts)
Capstone Research Project
68
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology - KAIST
Korean A1
B+
Understanding Startups
A+
University of Sydney
(Interaction Design & Electronic Arts)
IDEA Laboratory
83
IDEA Studio
82
New Media Audiences
73
University Rankings (at time of application/entry)
University of Technology Sydney
#23 Art & Design University in the World (QS) (2020)
Parsons School of Design
#2 Art & Design University in the World (QS) (2018)
#1 American Art & Design University (QS) (2018)
Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST)
#41 University in the World (QS) (2018)
#1 Korean University (QS) (only 2019 available)
#4 Asian University (QS) (2018)
Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität (University of Munich)
#63 University in the World (QS) (2016)
#2 German University (QS) (2016)
#29 University in the World (Times) (2016)
#1 German University (Times) (only 2020 available)
#8 European University (Times) (only 2020 available)
University of Sydney
#37 University in the World (QS) (Bachelors) (2014)
#49 Art & Design University in the World (QS) (Masters) (2018)
#3 Australian University (QS) (Bachelors) (2015)
Compilation Videos
Korea Short Mashup
Exchange 'Artistic' Short


Documentation for the helpers in the handlebars-helpers library. If you find any errors or have suggestions for improvement please let us know. Contributors are welcome!
Get the helper generator → for Assemble.
{{glob}}
helper for an example.assemble: { options: { prettify: { indent: 2 }}}
The simplest way to contribute is to show your support by starring the project!
Contributors welcome! Please consider adding your helpers to this library!
Handlebars makes it pretty easy to add custom helpers. Just register your function into Handlebars with the Handlebars.registerHelper
method and that helper will be available to any template you compile afterwards.
Handlebars.js ships with some built-in helpers, such as {{#each}}
, {{#if}}
and {{#unless}}
. Here is how helpers work:
Handlebars.js is currently the default template library for assemble.
Handlebars allows two different kinds of helpers:
{{#each}}
, {{#if}}
and {{#unless}}
. Custom block helpers are registered the same way as exptression helpers,
but the difference is that Handlebars will pass the contents of the block compiled into a function to the helper.Learn about adding custom helpers to Assemble.
Thanks to Dan Harper and Elving Rodriquez! Many of these helpers originated in the following repos:
See the template for this page →
Find an error? Let us know →


See: Description
| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| MaapiDiffIterate |
This interface is used with the diffIterate method in Maapi.
|
| MaapiIterate |
This interface is used with the Iterate method in Maapi.
|
| MaapiXPathEvalResult |
This interface is used with
xpathEval
method in Maapi . |
| MaapiXPathEvalTrace |
This interface is used with the
xpathEval method
in Maapi. |
| ResultType |
Specifies the result type from XPath query.
|
| ResultTypeKeyPath |
XPath Result in keypath format.
|
| ResultTypeKeyPathValue |
XPath Result in keypath and value format.
|
| ResultTypeString |
XPath Result in string format.
|
| ResultTypeTag |
XPath Result in ConfXMLParam format.
|
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| CLIInteraction |
Get CLI Interaction class for interaction with the user via the CLI.
|
| CommitQueueResult | |
| Maapi |
This class implements the Management Agent API (MAAPI).
|
| MaapiAuthentication |
Authentication result container.
|
| MaapiCrypto |
Data decryption utility class
This class is instantiated using an existing maapi object.
|
| MaapiCursor |
Whenever we wish to iterate over a set of objects in the XML tree, we must
first initialize a cursor.
|
| MaapiInputStream |
Represents configuration data input stream used to download configurations.
|
| MaapiOutputStream |
Configuration data output stream used to upload configurations.
|
| MaapiProto |
General class for protocol constants
|
| MaapiRollback |
Rollback file descriptor class.
|
| MaapiSchemaNS |
This class is used to emulate and replace the classes that was previously
loaded manually.
|
| MaapiSchemas |
Handles the schema information from the data models loaded.
|
| MaapiSchemasUtil |
Utility class for MaapiSchemas This class contains tools for making recursive
schema printouts It also has a main method an can be therefore be run as a
java application
|
| MaapiUserSession |
User session descriptor class.
|
| QueryResult<T extends ResultType> |
Represent a result from a XPath query.
|
| QueryResult.Entry<E extends ResultType> |
Represent result entry in a XPath query.
|
| Enum | Description |
|---|---|
| CLIInteractionFlag |
flags for controlling cmd to CLI via CLIInteraction class
|
| MaapiConfigFlag |
Flags used in {@link Maapi#saveConfig(int,EnumSet,String,Object...
|
| MaapiFlag |
Flags used by
Maapi.setFlags(int,EnumSet) method to control
read/write sessions. |
| MaapiSchemas.CSShallowType |
Enum containing all possible node values.
|
| MaapiUserSessionFlag |
flags for defining User Session protocol
|
| MoveWhereFlag |
flags us by Maapi.moveOrdered method to control ordered-by user orders
|
| XPathNodeIterateResultFlag |
The
result(ConfObject[],ConfValue,Object) method
should return any of the following two constants |
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| MaapiException |
Exception raised from the maapi package
|
| MaapiWarningException |
Warnings raised from the maapi package
|
MAAPI is used in a number of different settings.
A typical sequence of API calls when using MAAPI to write a management application would be
MAAPI also has support for several operations that do not work immediately towards a transaction. This includes users session management, locking, and candidate manipulation.


A set of functions to analyze and print the development of a commodity using the Point and Figure (P&F) approach. A P&F processor can be used to calculate daily statistics for the time series. These statistics can be used for deeper investigations as well as to create plots. Plots can be generated as well known X/O Plots in plain text format, and additionally in a more graphical format.
| Version: | 1.0.5 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.0.0) |
| Suggests: | testthat |
| Published: | 2016-08-26 |
| Author: | Sascha Herrmann |
| Maintainer: | Sascha Herrmann <sascha.herrmann.consulting at gmail.com> |
| License: | GPL-3 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | rpnf results |
| Reference manual: | rpnf.pdf |
| Package source: | rpnf_1.0.5.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: rpnf_1.0.5.zip, r-release: rpnf_1.0.5.zip, r-oldrel: rpnf_1.0.5.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: rpnf_1.0.5.tgz, r-oldrel: rpnf_1.0.5.tgz |
| Old sources: | rpnf archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=rpnf to link to this page.


6 Best Home Exercises
Home workouts are the best way to maintain health and fitness when you do not have enough time to hit the gym or you have isolated yourself from the people practicing social distancing at the time of corona-crisis.
Starting with home-workout can feel pretty intimidating if you are fairly new into fitness and you don't have any trainer to guide you through the process. But now put your worries away, here are 6 best bodyweight home workouts that you can perform without or without weights. Try one by one slowly and build strength as you progress through each movement over time.
Pushups.
Pullups.
Plank.
Hip Thrusts
BodyWeight squats.
Burpees - Full body movement.
The pushup is the most popular bodyweight exercise that comes into mind when thinking of exercising at home. Being a functional bodyweight movement, pushups are extremely efficient to increase strength in your arms and upper body as it not only targets the pectoral muscles but also the triceps and deltoids leveraging strength benefits to the whole of the upper body.
There are many variations of pushups that you can try to make the movement even more challenging such as the Bomber pushups, One-Hand pushups, explosive pushups, and so on. Try to isolate the chest and triceps by performing the movement slowly with an increased Time-Under-Tension(TUT) after every repetition to get the most out of the movement.
Body-parts engaged - Chest, Triceps, Shoulders.
The pullup is considered one of the most challenging exercises as it demands a lot of strength to pull the whole body up using the strength in your arms and back. You will require a significant amount of time to develop the strength to perform a full-pullup that targets your lats and trapezius.
If you are struggling with an overhand wide-grip pullup you can start with a chin-up that is considered considerably easy than a pullup and it will also help in developing strength in your arms to master the movement.
Body-parts engaged - Lats, Traps, Biceps, Forearms.
The plank is an isometric core exercise meaning there is a static contraction of a muscle without any visible movement in the angle of the joint. The plank strengthens the muscles in your lovely abdominals, back, and deltoids. If executed correctly the plank can help increase the strength of your core and provide correction to an improper body posture.
There are many variations of a plank to target different muscles in your core such as the side-star plank targets your obliques and the reverse plank targets your delts and erects your spine helping with straightening your erector muscles in your lower spine.
Body-parts engaged - Abdominals, Lats, Shoulders, Core, Lower back.
Hip thrusts involve squeezing your glutes and lifting it upwards to the ceiling engaging glute extension working the lower back and your hips.This exercise is most popular among females who crave for a big booty but has diverse results for either gender.
Try adding normal weights like a mattress to make the exercise even more challenging and fun.
An alternate to Hip thrusts is the glute bridge which might look the same but involves an extra extension of the glutes. The Glute-bridge is typically done with shoulders on the floor whereas the Hip-thrusts as done by supporting the shoulders on a platform or a bench.
Body-parts engaged - Glutes, Hamstrings, Core, Lower back, Abdominals, Obliques, and Hip flexors
Now let's move on to the lower body and most powerful muscle in your body, the Legs. The legs contain many muscles such as quadriceps, Hamstrings, Glutes, Hip Abductors and it takes a varied range of exercise to target all the muscles but the squat claims to exercise most of these muscles and as to my understanding over the last 5 years the claim holds, haha.
You can make the exercise more efficient by adding some weights and if you don't have weights at home just try finding a bag and fill it with stuff like books or bottles. Squats are highly functional as they tend to develop strength and exert pressure on your whole body.
Body-parts engaged - Quads, Glutes, Hamstrings, Calves, Core.
And now to one of my favorite exercises, the Burpee. The Burpee is a full-body movement where you start in a standing position with shoulders and arms extended downwards. Flex your hip and move into a squat position with your hands on the ground. Shift your weights on the hands and fall back to the normal standing position with a slight jump of the ground.
Burpees if executed correctly can help to develop strength and can serve as an aerobic exercise to shed fat and build muscle. As it involves a lot of explosiveness and strength it is categorized under both cardio and resistance training.


|
Elektra
0.9.5
|
The kdbOpen()
function accepts a KeySet * contract
parameter. This parameter allows you to extend and configure the KDB within your application without permanently changing files on disk.
The contract consists of Keys below system:/elektra/contract/<type>
, where <type>
is one of a set of predefined contract types. Currently, the types globalkeyset
and mountglobal
are supported.
To insert data into the global KeySet during kdbOpen
, you can add keys below system:/elektra/contract/globalkeyset
. All these keys will be renamed and copied into the global KeySet that is passed to all plugins.
Specifically, the subset below system:/elektra/contract/globalkeyset
is moved to system:/elektra
and then inserted into the global KeySet.
You can also mount a global plugin with a contract. To do this, add a key system:/elektra/contract/mountglobal/<plugin>
where <plugin>
is the name of the plugin you want to mount. The keys below system:/elektra/contract/mountglobal/<plugin>
will be moved to user:/
and used as the config for <plugin>
.
There are a few pre-defined contracts that can be accessed via helper functions.
To mount and configure the gopts
plugin you can use elektraGOptsContract
. There is also elektraGOptsContractFromStrings
, but its use is discouraged unless you really need it. It mainly exists for use from various bindings.
To set the I/O binding to be used in a KDB instance, use elektraIoContract
.
To set up notifications use the elektraNotificationContract
function. It automatically sets up the internalnotification
plugin.
If you also need to set up notification transport plugins, you should manually add the relevant system:/elektra/contract/mountglobal/<plugin>
keys and the required config below.


A graphic element used to create any shape that consists of connected straight lines.
Shortcut Keys
When hovering on the Shape's outline:
- Alt-Click: Deletes a shape handle
- Ctrl-Click: Inserts a new shape handle
A graphic element used to create any shape that consists of connected straight lines.
When hovering on the Shape's outline:


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Plain of Tears [at28], plain, in Mandoria, peasants: 138
Last updated Turn #129
Plain of Tears [at28], plain, in Mandoria, peasants: 138
------------------------------------------------------------------------
17: Pack of wolves [ei9u], wolves, number: 6, arrived from the south.
26: Pandora [d9i], refugee, arrived from the west.
29: Pandora [d9i], refugee, went south.
30: The population grows by one peasant.
Routes leaving Plain of Tears:
North, plain, to Plain of Tears [as28], 7 days
East, plain, to Plain of Tears [at29], 7 days
South, mountain, to Mandor Mountains [au28], 10 days
West, mountain, to Mandor Mountains [at27], 10 days
Seen here:
Pack of wolves [ei9u], wolves, number: 6
Pandora [d9i], refugee, "Calldwr Alliance"


Motivating Questions: To what extent can or should we use the shapes of districts to determine a potential gerrymander? Can we agree on an accepted way to measure compactness since many states specifically include it as a consideration for district plans?


Trump announces plans to invest $250 million into building two luxury residential towers in Moscow. Ultimately, these buildings were not constructed.


The Society of Materials Science and Engineers conducts two mega symposia namely Krysta and Quanta which are the highlights of the year calendar!
Krysta is a well-renowned intra-college symposium, with its first edition in 2011, aimed at encouraging the students to strengthen inter-department ties. It also helps enhance technical skills by collaborating with industries and research institutions through workshops. Every year, there are a few signature events conducted along with newly added on-spot and online events which bring out a unique mix of intelligence, insight and entertainment.
know moreQuanta is a national level techno-management fest, conducted each year, to bring together, students
and professionals from across the country to showcase their proficiency and exchange novel ideas
regarding various aspects of Materials Science.
With the opening version conducted in the year 2010, it provides budding engineers, various
opportunities to explore the recent advances in field of the materials science and a platform to bridge
the gap between the students and industry professionals & technocrats. With a plethora of signature
technical and non-technical events, it is the perfect ensemble for both geeks and fun lovers to indulge
in.


{% extends "base_form.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% block formcontent %}
{% trans "household_paragraph1" %}
{% if not city_name == "Tucson"%} {% trans "houshold_question_size" as household_size_title_text %} {% endif %} {% include "text_input_form.html" with extra_form_field_class="col-2 px-0" form_field=form.household_size title_text=household_size_title_text %} {% trans "household_question_income" %} {% include "radio_form.html" with form_field=form.household_income %}{% trans "profile_ethnicity_question" %}
{% trans "household_gender_question" %}


rate_od(cr_data, ..., force_nonneg_h2h = TRUE, eps = 0.001, tol = 1e-04,
max_iterations = 100)
rank_od(cr_data, ..., force_nonneg_h2h = TRUE, eps = 0.001, tol = 1e-04,
max_iterations = 100, keep_rating = FALSE, ties = c("average", "first",
"last", "random", "max", "min"), round_digits = 7)
| cr_data | Competition results in format ready for as_longcr(). |
|---|---|
| ... | Head-to-Head expression (see h2h_mat()). |
| force_nonneg_h2h | Whether to force nonnegative values in Head-to-Head matrix. |
| eps | Coefficient for total support. |
| tol | Tolerance value for iterative algorithm. |
| max_iterations | Maximum number of iterations for iterative algorithm. |
| keep_rating | Whether to keep rating columns in ranking output. |
| ties | Value for |
| round_digits | Value for |
rate_od()
returns a tibble with the following
columns:
player - player identifier.
rating_off - offensive rating of player. Bigger value indicates better player performance.
rating_def - defensive rating of player. Smaller value indicates better player performance.
rating_od - Offense-Defense rating of player. Bigger value indicates better player performance.
rank_od()
returns a tibble
of the similar structure as rate_od()
:
player - player identifier.
rating_off, rating_def, rating_od - ratings (if
keep_rating = TRUE
).
ranking_off, ranking_def, ranking_od -
rankings computed with round_rank()
.
Offense-Defense (OD) rating is designed for games in which player's
goal is to make higher score than opponent(s). To describe competition
results Head-to-Head matrix is computed using ...
(see
h2h_mat() for technical details and section Design
of Head-to-Head values for design details). For pairs of players without
common games Head-to-Head value is computed to 0 (not NA
). Note that
values should be non-negative and non-NA. This can be ensured with setting
force_nonneg_h2h
to TRUE
.
For player which can achieve high Head-to-Head value (even against the player with strong defense) it is said that he/she has strong offense which results into high offensive rating. For player which can force their opponents into achieving low Head-to-Head value (even if they have strong offense) it is said that he/she has strong defense which results into low defensive rating.
Offensive and defensive ratings describe different skills of players. In order to fully rate players, OD ratings are computed: offensive ratings divided by defensive. The more OD rating the better player performance.
Algorithm for OD ratings is as follows:
Compute Head-to-Head matrix using ...
.
Add small value to Head-to-Head matrix to ensure convergence of the
iterative algorithm in the next step. If all values are strictly positive
then this step is omitted. In other case small value is computed as the
smallest non-zero Head-to-Head value multiplied by eps
.
Perform iterative fixed point search with the following recurrent formula:
def_{k+1} = t(A) %*% inv(A %*% inv(def_{k}))
where def_{k}
is a vector of defensive ratings at iteration k
, A
is a perturbed
Head-to-Head matrix, inv(x) = 1 / x
. Iterative search stops if at least one
of two conditions is met:
sum(abs(def_{k+1} / def_{k} - 1)) < tol
.
Number of iterations exceeds maximum number of iterations
max_iterations
.
Compute offensive ratings: off = A %*% inv(def)
.
Compute OD ratings: od = off / def
.
Ratings are computed based only on games between players of interest (see Players). However, be careful with OD ratings for players with no games: they will have weak offense (because they "scored" 0 in all games) but strong defense (because all their opponents also "scored" 0 in all common games). Therefore accounting for missing players might be not a very good idea.
Head-to-Head values in these functions are assumed to follow the property which can be equivalently described in two ways:
In terms of matrix format: the more Head-to-Head value in row i and column j the better player from row i performed than player from column j.
In terms of long format: the more Head-to-Head value the better player1 performed than player2.
This design is chosen because in most competitions the goal is to score
more points and not less. Also it allows for more smooth use of
h2h_funs from comperes
package.
comperank
offers a possibility to handle certain set of players. It is done
by having player
column (in longcr format) as factor
with levels specifying all players of interest. In case of factor the result
is returned only for players from its levels. Otherwise - for all present
players.
Amy N. Langville, Carl D. Meyer (2012) Who’s #1?: The science of rating and ranking.
Philip A. Knight (2008) The Sinkhorn-Knopp algorithm: Convergence and applications.. SIAM Journal of Matrix Analysis, 30(1):261–275, 2008 (For stopping rule of iterative algorithm).
#> # A tibble: 5 x 4
#> player rating_off rating_def rating_od
#> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 Duke 39.7 1.57 25.3
#> 2 Miami 181. 0.860 211.
#> 3 UNC 58.1 1.15 50.6
#> 4 UVA 95.0 0.914 104.
#> 5 VT 183. 0.532 344. #> # A tibble: 5 x 4
#> player ranking_off ranking_def ranking_od
#> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 Duke 5 5 5
#> 2 Miami 2 2 2
#> 3 UNC 4 4 4
#> 4 UVA 3 3 3
#> 5 VT 1 1 1#> # A tibble: 5 x 7
#> player rating_off rating_def rating_od ranking_off ranking_def ranking_od
#> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 Duke 39.7 1.57 25.3 5 5 5
#> 2 Miami 181. 0.860 211. 2 2 2
#> 3 UNC 58.1 1.15 50.6 4 4 4
#> 4 UVA 95.0 0.914 104. 3 3 3
#> 5 VT 183. 0.532 344. 1 1 1#> # A tibble: 5 x 4
#> player rating_off rating_def rating_od
#> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
#> 1 Duke 34.0 1.69 20.1
#> 2 Miami 152. 0.803 189.
#> 3 UNC 48.7 1.16 41.8
#> 4 UVA 82.0 0.967 84.8
#> 5 VT 115. 0.411 280.


{% load static %}
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Finding sketches or summaries of large datasets that are guaranteed to be good approximations to the original data is invaluable in big data applications. I developed an improved matrix sketching algorithm called βFD that has provable theoretical guarantees with respect to the accuracy of the sketch. The algorithm was also demonstrated to work better than the state-of-the-art when applied on many datasets.


Objective
Reactor
Help
Basic Overview
Cells = power and heat
Power = money
Money = Bigger cells and more money
Lots of money = particle accelerators
Particle accelerators = exotic particles (EP)
EP = more upgrades and new toys for more power, heat and money!
Exotic Particle setup
To generate Exotic Particles you will need to put heat into a Particle Accelerator and immediately take it out. To do this you can use either Heat Exchangers or Heat Inlets. See below for an example:
Options
About
Based on Reactor Incremental.
UI based on Sci-fi User Interface Elements by Buch.
Fonts from Google Fonts.
Patch Notes
v1.2.0 - February 7th, 2015
- Signific code changes that shouldn't (but may) affect gameplay
- Added Objectives
- Removed old Particle Accelerator upgrades
- Added individual experimental Particle Accelerator upgrades
v1.1.0 - January 13th, 2016
Features:
- Added patch notes
- Styling fixes to "pages"
Bug Fixes:
- Fixed an issue with game loop firing too often
- Platings (and possibly other things) now give 100% of their cost back when sold
- Fixed sell costs for some components
- Reflectors now start with a base % greater than 0
- Multiple Exotic Particles gained when over 100% chance
- Fixed support for larger touch devices to allow for selling, etc
Upgrades
Experimental Upgrades
Rebooting the reactor will remove all parts, regular upgrades and money. Only your current experimental upgrades and EP will stay with you.
All of the above applies, however this will undo all your experiment upgrades and refund all your Exotic Particles.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block title %}{% trans %}Games{% endtrans %}{% endblock %} {% block header %}
{% set player1 = game.get_player1() %} {% set player2 = game.get_player2() %} {% set state = game.get_state() %}{{ player1.username }}'s time was {{ game.player1_time }} secs.
{% else %}{{ player1.username }} has not played yet.
{% endif %} {% if game.player2_time %}{{ player2.username }}'s time was {{ game.player2_time }} secs.
{% else %}{% if player2 %} {{ player2.username }} has not played yet. {% else %} The opponent has not played yet. {% endif %}
{% endif %} {% endblock %}


The Telecaster, also known as the "Tele", was the first mass-produced solid-body electric guitar, introduced by Leo Fender in the early 1950s. Its simplicity and versatility has made it a classic that is still widely used today. It can be found in all sorts of music including country, rock, pop, blues, jazz, soul, and funk. Its simple design makes it easy to repair and replace its parts and can be easily modified to fit anyone's needs.
When choosing a Telecaster, there are plenty of options available. There is the classic Tele neck and bridge pickup setup (seen at the top), semi-hollow "thinline" Telecasters with f-holes and humbucker pickups (seen on right), "Cabronita" Teles with "TV Jones" style pickups (seen on left), and countless other options. Whatever style of music that you play, there is a Telecaster that will suit your needs.
Check out Guitar Center's selection of Telecasters!


Democrats Rally for Support in Iowa Amid Health Care Concerns
by ROX LAIRDDES MOINES, Iowa (CN) — Democratic presidential candidates this campaign season have barnstormed the Hawkeye State, met with folks at Main Street cafes and in living rooms, marched in Fourth of July parades and made soap-box speeches at the Iowa State Fair.
On Friday night, 13 of them had one of their best opportunities so far to put a face on their campaign before a sellout crowd estimated at more than 13,000 at the Wells Fargo Arena in downtown Des Moines. This cattle call was the opposite of Iowa’s famous retail politics, and the candidates were looking to break out of the still-large pack with just three months before Iowans go to first-in-the-nation caucuses.
They might be hoping to do what Barack Obama did in 2007 at the event when he energized the audience and his campaign followed a trajectory to victory. But with half as many speakers that year who had 20 minutes each, Friday’s 13 candidates had just 10 minutes to make their pitch.
The Democratic field shrank slightly Friday:
Former Texas Congressman Beto O’Rourke had been scheduled to speak at Friday’s event, but before it got underway word spread among his stunned volunteers that he had ended his campaign.
Democratic National Committee Chairman Tom Perez praised O’Rourke in comments to reporters Friday in Des Moines.
“I want to thank Congressman O’Rourke,” Perez said. “He always brought a level of passion, judgment and sound intellect to everything he did.”
Still, Perez said the Democrats have a “deep bench.”
“It is a remarkably diverse field,” Perez said. “I am proud of that as a Dominican-American.”
Iowa Democrats who have been paying attention during this caucus season have heard many of the candidates’ lines repeated Friday.
Former Vice President Joe Biden repeated one of his Democrat crowd-pleasers:
“The very character of America is on the ballot next November,” he said. “We are in a battle for the soul of America. The middle class is under siege. The middle class is the soul of America. The middle class built America, and unions built the middle class.”
But the candidates used favorite lines in hopes of distinguishing themselves from the others.
Massachusetts Sen. Elizabeth Warren portrayed the election as a fight for Americans against the rich and powerful.
She issued a call for supporting her candidacy because she is prepared to take on that fight: “A person who comes on this stage and does not understand that we are in a fight is not going to win that fight” and win this election. “Hope and courage win elections,” she said.
Warren did not talk about how she would pay for her “Medicare for all” plan, which she announced earlier in the day. But Biden alluded to it, saying that under his health care plan, 160 million Americans can keep their existing health insurance policies if they want.
“We need to build on the Affordable Care Act, not abandon it, and create a public option,” Biden said. “We can do that without taxing the middle class.”
West Bend, Indiana Mayor Pete Buttigieg likewise distinguished himself from Warren with a reference to his “Medicare for all who want it” plan.
Vermont Sen. Bernie Sanders made an unqualified call for Medicare for all: “In my opinion, health care is a human right, not a privilege,” he said.
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What is "scope" and how does it work in JavaScript?
Scope defines the specific range, that effects certain code. In JavaScrip there is Global Scope, Local, Scope and Block Scope.
Variabls defined in global scope (outside of functions) can be seen throughout the entiriety of the code, and can therefore be changed by other lines of code. For example if I were to right "var number = 2" then "var number = 3" the number variable would now be 3.
Variabls defined in local scope (within functions) can only be seen by code within that function. Therefore code outside of the function can not change what is happening within the function. If I were to write "var number = 2" outside of a function, and "var number = 3" inside of a function, then my number variable in global scope would still be 2, and the number variable inside the function would still be 3.
Variabls defined in Block Scope, must be defined with "let" or "cont" and surrounded by braces {}. When this occurs The variables can change as you move from one set of {} to another. Imagine the {} to be functions defining local scope, as above. The variables only care about code in there own function or {} and won't change as the result of outside code. However, variables defined with the "var" keyword are not a part of block scope and therefore can be changed by code outside of {} of which it was defined.