Vim documentation: quickref
main help file*quickref.txt* For Vim version 7.2. Last change: 2008 Jan 22 VIM REFERENCE MANUAL by Bram Moolenaar Quick reference guide *quickref* *Contents* tag subject tag subject |Q_ct| list of help files |Q_re| Repeating commands |Q_lr| motion: Left-right |Q_km| Key mapping |Q_ud| motion: Up-down |Q_ab| Abbreviations |Q_tm| motion: Text object |Q_op| Options |Q_pa| motion: Pattern searches |Q_ur| Undo/Redo commands |Q_ma| motion: Marks |Q_et| External commands |Q_vm| motion: Various |Q_qf| Quickfix commands |Q_ta| motion: Using tags |Q_vc| Various commands |Q_sc| Scrolling |Q_ce| Ex: Command-line editing |Q_in| insert: Inserting text |Q_ra| Ex: Ranges |Q_ai| insert: Keys |Q_ex| Ex: Special characters |Q_ss| insert: Special keys |Q_st| Starting VIM |Q_di| insert: Digraphs |Q_ed| Editing a file |Q_si| insert: Special inserts |Q_fl| Using the argument list |Q_de| change: Deleting text |Q_wq| Writing and quitting |Q_cm| change: Copying and moving |Q_ac| Automatic commands |Q_ch| change: Changing text |Q_wi| Multi-window commands |Q_co| change: Complex |Q_bu| Buffer list commands |Q_vi| Visual mode |Q_sy| Syntax highlighting |Q_to| Text objects |Q_gu| GUI commands |Q_fo| Folding ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ N is used to indicate an optional count that can be given before the command.   Jump to [count]'th newer tag in tag list |CTRL-]| CTRL-] Jump to the tag under cursor, unless changes have been made |:ts| :ts[elect][!] [tag] List matching tags and select one to jump to |:tjump| :tj[ump][!] [tag] Jump to tag [tag] or select from list when there are multiple matches |:ltag| :lt[ag][!] [tag] Jump to tag [tag] and add matching tags to the location list. |:tags| :tags Print tag list |CTRL-T| N CTRL-T Jump back from Nth older tag in tag list |:po| :[count]po[p][!] Jump back from [count]'th older tag in tag list |:tnext| :[count]tn[ext][!] Jump to [count]'th next matching tag |:tp| :[count]tp[revious][!] Jump to [count]'th previous matching tag |:tr| :[count]tr[ewind][!] Jump to [count]'th matching tag |:tl| :tl[ast][!] Jump to last matching tag |:ptag| :pt[ag] {tag} open a preview window to show tag {tag} |CTRL-W_}| CTRL-W } like CTRL-] but show tag in preview window |:pts| :pts[elect] like ":tselect" but show tag in preview window |:ptjump| :ptj[ump] like ":tjump" but show tag in preview window |:pclose| :pc[lose] close tag preview window |CTRL-W_z| CTRL-W z close tag preview window ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_sc* Scrolling |CTRL-E| N CTRL-E window N lines downwards (default: 1) |CTRL-D| N CTRL-D window N lines Downwards (default: 1/2 window) |CTRL-F| N CTRL-F window N pages Forwards (downwards) |CTRL-Y| N CTRL-Y window N lines upwards (default: 1) |CTRL-U| N CTRL-U window N lines Upwards (default: 1/2 window) |CTRL-B| N CTRL-B window N pages Backwards (upwards) |z<CR>| z<CR> or zt redraw, current line at top of window |z.| z. or zz redraw, current line at center of window |z-| z- or zb redraw, current line at bottom of window These only work when 'wrap' is off: |zh| N zh scroll screen N characters to the right |zl| N zl scroll screen N characters to the left |zH| N zH scroll screen half a screenwidth to the right |zL| N zL scroll screen half a screenwidth to the left ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_in* Inserting text |a| N a append text after the cursor (N times) |A| N A append text at the end of the line (N times) |i| N i insert text before the cursor (N times) (also: <Insert>) |I| N I insert text before the first non-blank in the line (N times) |gI| N gI insert text in column 1 (N times) |o| N o open a new line below the current line, append text (N times) |O| N O open a new line above the current line, append text (N times) |:startinsert| :star[tinsert][!] start Insert mode, append when [!] used |:startreplace| :startr[eplace][!] start Replace mode, at EOL when [!] used in Visual block mode: |v_b_I| I insert the same text in front of all the selected lines |v_b_A| A append the same text after all the selected lines ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ai* Insert mode keys |insert-index| alphabetical index of Insert mode commands leaving Insert mode: |i_<Esc>| <Esc> end Insert mode, back to Normal mode |i_CTRL-C| CTRL-C like <Esc>, but do not use an abbreviation |i_CTRL-O| CTRL-O {command} execute {command} and return to Insert mode moving around: |i_<Up>| cursor keys move cursor left/right/up/down |i_<S-Left>| shift-left/right one word left/right |i_<S-Up>| shift-up/down one screenful backward/forward |i_<End>| <End> cursor after last character in the line |i_<Home>| <Home> cursor to first character in the line ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ss* Special keys in Insert mode |i_CTRL-V| CTRL-V {char}.. insert character literally, or enter decimal byte value |i_<NL>| <NL> or <CR> or CTRL-M or CTRL-J begin new line |i_CTRL-E| CTRL-E insert the character from below the cursor |i_CTRL-Y| CTRL-Y insert the character from above the cursor |i_CTRL-A| CTRL-A insert previously inserted text |i_CTRL-@| CTRL-@ insert previously inserted text and stop Insert mode |i_CTRL-R| CTRL-R {0-9a-z%#:.-="} insert the contents of a register |i_CTRL-N| CTRL-N insert next match of identifier before the cursor |i_CTRL-P| CTRL-P insert previous match of identifier before the cursor |i_CTRL-X| CTRL-X ... complete the word before the cursor in various ways |i_<BS>| <BS> or CTRL-H delete the character before the cursor |i_<Del>| <Del> delete the character under the cursor |i_CTRL-W| CTRL-W delete word before the cursor |i_CTRL-U| CTRL-U delete all entered characters in the current line |i_CTRL-T| CTRL-T insert one shiftwidth of indent in front of the current line |i_CTRL-D| CTRL-D delete one shiftwidth of indent in front of the current line |i_0_CTRL-D| 0 CTRL-D delete all indent in the current line |i_^_CTRL-D| ^ CTRL-D delete all indent in the current line, restore indent in next line ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_di* Digraphs |:dig| :dig[raphs] show current list of digraphs |:dig| :dig[raphs] {char1}{char2} {number} ... add digraph(s) to the list In Insert or Command-line mode: |i_CTRL-K| CTRL-K {char1} {char2} enter digraph |i_digraph| {char1} <BS> {char2} enter digraph if 'digraph' option set ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_si* Special inserts |:r| :r [file] insert the contents of [file] below the cursor |:r!| :r! {command} insert the standard output of {command} below the cursor ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_de* Deleting text |x| N x delete N characters under and after the cursor |<Del>| N <Del> delete N characters under and after the cursor |X| N X delete N characters before the cursor |d| N d{motion} delete the text that is moved over with {motion} |v_d| {visual}d delete the highlighted text |dd| N dd delete N lines |D| N D delete to the end of the line (and N-1 more lines) |J| N J join N-1 lines (delete <EOL>s) |v_J| {visual}J join the highlighted lines |gJ| N gJ like "J", but without inserting spaces |v_gJ| {visual}gJ like "{visual}J", but without inserting spaces |:d| :[range]d [x] delete [range] lines [into register x] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_cm* Copying and moving text |quote| "{char} use register {char} for the next delete, yank, or put |:reg| :reg show the contents of all registers |:reg| :reg {arg} show the contents of registers mentioned in {arg} |y| N y{motion} yank the text moved over with {motion} into a register |v_y| {visual}y yank the highlighted text into a register |yy| N yy yank N lines into a register |Y| N Y yank N lines into a register |p| N p put a register after the cursor position (N times) |P| N P put a register before the cursor position (N times) |]p| N ]p like p, but adjust indent to current line |[p| N [p like P, but adjust indent to current line |gp| N gp like p, but leave cursor after the new text |gP| N gP like P, but leave cursor after the new text ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ch* Changing text |r| N r{char} replace N characters with {char} |gr| N gr{char} replace N characters without affecting layout |R| N R enter Replace mode (repeat the entered text N times) |gR| N gR enter virtual Replace mode: Like Replace mode but without affecting layout |v_b_r| {visual}r{char} in Visual block mode: Replace each char of the selected text with {char} (change = delete text and enter Insert mode) |c| N c{motion} change the text that is moved over with {motion} |v_c| {visual}c change the highlighted text |cc| N cc change N lines |S| N S change N lines |C| N C change to the end of the line (and N-1 more lines) |s| N s change N characters |v_b_c| {visual}c in Visual block mode: Change each of the selected lines with the entered text |v_b_C| {visual}C in Visual block mode: Change each of the selected lines until end-of-line with the entered text |~| N ~ switch case for N characters and advance cursor |v_~| {visual}~ switch case for highlighted text |v_u| {visual}u make highlighted text lowercase |v_U| {visual}U make highlighted text uppercase |g~| g~{motion} switch case for the text that is moved over with {motion} |gu| gu{motion} make the text that is moved over with {motion} lowercase |gU| gU{motion} make the text that is moved over with {motion} uppercase |v_g?| {visual}g? perform rot13 encoding on highlighted text |g?| g?{motion} perform rot13 encoding on the text that is moved over with {motion} |CTRL-A| N CTRL-A add N to the number at or after the cursor |CTRL-X| N CTRL-X subtract N from the number at or after the cursor |<| N <{motion} move the lines that are moved over with {motion} one shiftwidth left |<<| N << move N lines one shiftwidth left |>| N >{motion} move the lines that are moved over with {motion} one shiftwidth right |>>| N >> move N lines one shiftwidth right |gq| N gq{motion} format the lines that are moved over with {motion} to 'textwidth' length |:ce| :[range]ce[nter] [width] center the lines in [range] |:le| :[range]le[ft] [indent] left-align the lines in [range] (with [indent]) |:ri| :[range]ri[ght] [width] right-align the lines in [range] ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_co* Complex changes |!| N !{motion}{command}<CR> filter the lines that are moved over through {command} |!!| N !!{command}<CR> filter N lines through {command} |v_!| {visual}!{command}<CR> filter the highlighted lines through {command} |:range!| :[range]! {command}<CR> filter [range] lines through {command} |=| N ={motion} filter the lines that are moved over through 'equalprg' |==| N == filter N lines through 'equalprg' |v_=| {visual}= filter the highlighted lines through 'equalprg' |:s| :[range]s[ubstitute]/{pattern}/{string}/[g][c] substitute {pattern} by {string} in [range] lines; with [g], replace all occurrences of {pattern}; with [c], confirm each replacement |:s| :[range]s[ubstitute] [g][c] repeat previous ":s" with new range and options |&| & Repeat previous ":s" on current line without options |:ret| :[range]ret[ab][!] [tabstop] set 'tabstop' to new value and adjust white space accordingly ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_vi* Visual mode |visual-index| list of Visual mode commands. |v| v start highlighting characters } move cursor and use |V| V start highlighting linewise } operator to affect |CTRL-V| CTRL-V start highlighting blockwise } highlighted text |v_o| o exchange cursor position with start of highlighting |gv| gv start highlighting on previous visual area |v_v| v highlight characters or stop highlighting |v_V| V highlight linewise or stop highlighting |v_CTRL-V| CTRL-V highlight blockwise or stop highlighting ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_to* Text objects (only in Visual mode or after an operator) |v_aw| N aw Select "a word" |v_iw| N iw Select "inner word" |v_aW| N aW Select "a |WORD|" |v_iW| N iW Select "inner |WORD|" |v_as| N as Select "a sentence" |v_is| N is Select "inner sentence" |v_ap| N ap Select "a paragraph" |v_ip| N ip Select "inner paragraph" |v_ab| N ab Select "a block" (from "[(" to "])") |v_ib| N ib Select "inner block" (from "[(" to "])") |v_aB| N aB Select "a Block" (from "[{" to "]}") |v_iB| N iB Select "inner Block" (from "[{" to "]}") |v_a>| N a> Select "a <> block" |v_i>| N i> Select "inner <> block" |v_at| N at Select "a tag block" (from <aaa> to </aaa>) |v_it| N it Select "inner tag block" (from <aaa> to </aaa>) |v_a'| N a' Select "a single quoted string" |v_i'| N i' Select "inner single quoted string" |v_aquote| N a" Select "a double quoted string" |v_iquote| N i" Select "inner double quoted string" |v_a`| N a` Select "a backward quoted string" |v_i`| N i` Select "inner backward quoted string" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_re* Repeating commands |.| N . repeat last change (with count replaced with N) |q| q{a-z} record typed characters into register {a-z} |q| q{A-Z} record typed characters, appended to register {a-z} |q| q stop recording |@| N @{a-z} execute the contents of register {a-z} (N times) |@@| N @@ repeat previous @{a-z} (N times) |:@| :@{a-z} execute the contents of register {a-z} as an Ex command |:@@| :@@ repeat previous :@{a-z} |:g| :[range]g[lobal]/{pattern}/[cmd] Execute Ex command [cmd] (default: ":p") on the lines within [range] where {pattern} matches. |:g| :[range]g[lobal]!/{pattern}/[cmd] Execute Ex command [cmd] (default: ":p") on the lines within [range] where {pattern} does NOT match. |:so| :so[urce] {file} Read Ex commands from {file}. |:so| :so[urce]! {file} Read Vim commands from {file}. |:sl| :sl[eep] [sec] don't do anything for [sec] seconds |gs| N gs Goto Sleep for N seconds ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_km* Key mapping |:map| :ma[p] {lhs} {rhs} Map {lhs} to {rhs} in Normal and Visual mode. |:map!| :ma[p]! {lhs} {rhs} Map {lhs} to {rhs} in Insert and Command-line mode. |:noremap| :no[remap][!] {lhs} {rhs} Same as ":map", no remapping for this {rhs} |:unmap| :unm[ap] {lhs} Remove the mapping of {lhs} for Normal and Visual mode. |:unmap!| :unm[ap]! {lhs} Remove the mapping of {lhs} for Insert and Command-line mode. |:map_l| :ma[p] [lhs] List mappings (starting with [lhs]) for Normal and Visual mode. |:map_l!| :ma[p]! [lhs] List mappings (starting with [lhs]) for Insert and Command-line mode. |:cmap| :cmap/:cunmap/:cnoremap like ":map!"/":unmap!"/":noremap!" but for Command-line mode only |:imap| :imap/:iunmap/:inoremap like ":map!"/":unmap!"/":noremap!" but for Insert mode only |:nmap| :nmap/:nunmap/:nnoremap like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but for Normal mode only |:vmap| :vmap/:vunmap/:vnoremap like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but for Visual mode only |:omap| :omap/:ounmap/:onoremap like ":map"/":unmap"/":noremap" but only for when an operator is pending |:mapc| :mapc[lear] remove mappings for Normal and Visual mode |:mapc| :mapc[lear]! remove mappings for Insert and Cmdline mode |:imapc| :imapc[lear] remove mappings for Insert mode |:vmapc| :vmapc[lear] remove mappings for Visual mode |:omapc| :omapc[lear] remove mappings for Operator-pending mode |:nmapc| :nmapc[lear] remove mappings for Normal mode |:cmapc| :cmapc[lear] remove mappings for Cmdline mode |:mkexrc| :mk[exrc][!] [file] write current mappings, abbreviations, and settings to [file] (default: ".exrc"; use ! to overwrite) |:mkvimrc| :mkv[imrc][!] [file] same as ":mkexrc", but with default ".vimrc" |:mksession| :mks[ession][!] [file] like ":mkvimrc", but store current files, windows, etc. too, to be able to continue this session later. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ab* Abbreviations |:abbreviate| :ab[breviate] {lhs} {rhs} add abbreviation for {lhs} to {rhs} |:abbreviate| :ab[breviate] {lhs} show abbr's that start with {lhs} |:abbreviate| :ab[breviate] show all abbreviations |:unabbreviate| :una[bbreviate] {lhs} remove abbreviation for {lhs} |:noreabbrev| :norea[bbrev] [lhs] [rhs] like ":ab", but don't remap [rhs] |:iabbrev| :iab/:iunab/:inoreab like ":ab", but only for Insert mode |:cabbrev| :cab/:cunab/:cnoreab like ":ab", but only for Command-line mode |:abclear| :abc[lear] remove all abbreviations |:cabclear| :cabc[lear] remove all abbr's for Cmdline mode |:iabclear| :iabc[lear] remove all abbr's for Insert mode ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_op* Options |:set| :se[t] Show all modified options. |:set| :se[t] all Show all non-termcap options. |:set| :se[t] termcap Show all termcap options. |:set| :se[t] {option} Set boolean option (switch it on), show string or number option. |:set| :se[t] no{option} Reset boolean option (switch it off). |:set| :se[t] inv{option} invert boolean option. |:set| :se[t] {option}={value} Set string/number option to {value}. |:set| :se[t] {option}+={value} append {value} to string option, add {value} to number option |:set| :se[t] {option}-={value} remove {value} to string option, subtract {value} from number option |:set| :se[t] {option}? Show value of {option}. |:set| :se[t] {option}& Reset {option} to its default value. |:setlocal| :setl[ocal] like ":set" but set the local value for options that have one |:setglobal| :setg[lobal] like ":set" but set the global value of a local option |:fix| :fix[del] Set value of 't_kD' according to value of 't_kb'. |:options| :opt[ions] Open a new window to view and set options, grouped by functionality, a one line explanation and links to the help. Short explanation of each option: *option-list* 'aleph' 'al' ASCII code of the letter Aleph (Hebrew) 'allowrevins' 'ari' allow CTRL-_ in Insert and Command-line mode 'altkeymap' 'akm' for default second language (Farsi/Hebrew) 'ambiwidth' 'ambw' what to do with Unicode chars of ambiguous width 'antialias' 'anti' Mac OS X: use smooth, antialiased fonts 'autochdir' 'acd' change directory to the file in the current window 'arabic' 'arab' for Arabic as a default second language 'arabicshape' 'arshape' do shaping for Arabic characters 'autoindent' 'ai' take indent for new line from previous line 'autoread' 'ar' autom. read file when changed outside of Vim 'autowrite' 'aw' automatically write file if changed 'autowriteall' 'awa' as 'autowrite', but works with more commands 'background' 'bg' "dark" or "light", used for highlight colors 'backspace' 'bs' how backspace works at start of line 'backup' 'bk' keep backup file after overwriting a file 'backupcopy' 'bkc' make backup as a copy, don't rename the file 'backupdir' 'bdir' list of directories for the backup file 'backupext' 'bex' extension used for the backup file 'backupskip' 'bsk' no backup for files that match these patterns 'balloondelay' 'bdlay' delay in mS before a balloon may pop up 'ballooneval' 'beval' switch on balloon evaluation 'balloonexpr' 'bexpr' expression to show in balloon 'binary' 'bin' read/write/edit file in binary mode 'bioskey' 'biosk' MS-DOS: use bios calls for input characters 'bomb' prepend a Byte Order Mark to the file 'breakat' 'brk' characters that may cause a line break 'browsedir' 'bsdir' which directory to start browsing in 'bufhidden' 'bh' what to do when buffer is no longer in window 'buflisted' 'bl' whether the buffer shows up in the buffer list 'buftype' 'bt' special type of buffer 'casemap' 'cmp' specifies how case of letters is changed 'cdpath' 'cd' list of directories searched with ":cd" 'cedit' key used to open the command-line window 'charconvert' 'ccv' expression for character encoding conversion 'cindent' 'cin' do C program indenting 'cinkeys' 'cink' keys that trigger indent when 'cindent' is set 'cinoptions' 'cino' how to do indenting when 'cindent' is set 'cinwords' 'cinw' words where 'si' and 'cin' add an indent 'clipboard' 'cb' use the clipboard as the unnamed register 'cmdheight' 'ch' number of lines to use for the command-line 'cmdwinheight' 'cwh' height of the command-line window 'columns' 'co' number of columns in the display 'comments' 'com' patterns that can start a comment line 'commentstring' 'cms' template for comments; used for fold marker 'compatible' 'cp' behave Vi-compatible as much as possible 'complete' 'cpt' specify how Insert mode completion works 'completefunc' 'cfu' function to be used for Insert mode completion 'completeopt' 'cot' options for Insert mode completion 'confirm' 'cf' ask what to do about unsaved/read-only files 'conskey' 'consk' get keys directly from console (MS-DOS only) 'copyindent' 'ci' make 'autoindent' use existing indent structure 'cpoptions' 'cpo' flags for Vi-compatible behavior 'cscopepathcomp' 'cspc' how many components of the path to show 'cscopeprg' 'csprg' command to execute cscope 'cscopequickfix' 'csqf' use quickfix window for cscope results 'cscopetag' 'cst' use cscope for tag commands 'cscopetagorder' 'csto' determines ":cstag" search order 'cscopeverbose' 'csverb' give messages when adding a cscope database 'cursorcolumn' 'cuc' highlight the screen column of the cursor 'cursorline' 'cul' highlight the screen line of the cursor 'debug' set to "msg" to see all error messages 'define' 'def' pattern to be used to find a macro definition 'delcombine' 'deco' delete combining characters on their own 'dictionary' 'dict' list of file names used for keyword completion 'diff' use diff mode for the current window 'diffexpr' 'dex' expression used to obtain a diff file 'diffopt' 'dip' options for using diff mode 'digraph' 'dg' enable the entering of digraphs in Insert mode 'directory' 'dir' list of directory names for the swap file 'display' 'dy' list of flags for how to display text 'eadirection' 'ead' in which direction 'equalalways' works 'edcompatible' 'ed' toggle flags of ":substitute" command 'encoding' 'enc' encoding used internally 'endofline' 'eol' write <EOL> for last line in file 'equalalways' 'ea' windows are automatically made the same size 'equalprg' 'ep' external program to use for "=" command 'errorbells' 'eb' ring the bell for error messages 'errorfile' 'ef' name of the errorfile for the QuickFix mode 'errorformat' 'efm' description of the lines in the error file 'esckeys' 'ek' recognize function keys in Insert mode 'eventignore' 'ei' autocommand events that are ignored 'expandtab' 'et' use spaces when <Tab> is inserted 'exrc' 'ex' read .vimrc and .exrc in the current directory 'fileencoding' 'fenc' file encoding for multi-byte text 'fileencodings' 'fencs' automatically detected character encodings 'fileformat' 'ff' file format used for file I/O 'fileformats' 'ffs' automatically detected values for 'fileformat' 'filetype' 'ft' type of file, used for autocommands 'fillchars' 'fcs' characters to use for displaying special items 'fkmap' 'fk' Farsi keyboard mapping 'foldclose' 'fcl' close a fold when the cursor leaves it 'foldcolumn' 'fdc' width of the column used to indicate folds 'foldenable' 'fen' set to display all folds open 'foldexpr' 'fde' expression used when 'foldmethod' is "expr" 'foldignore' 'fdi' ignore lines when 'foldmethod' is "indent" 'foldlevel' 'fdl' close folds with a level higher than this 'foldlevelstart' 'fdls' 'foldlevel' when starting to edit a file 'foldmarker' 'fmr' markers used when 'foldmethod' is "marker" 'foldmethod' 'fdm' folding type 'foldminlines' 'fml' minimum number of lines for a fold to be closed 'foldnestmax' 'fdn' maximum fold depth 'foldopen' 'fdo' for which commands a fold will be opened 'foldtext' 'fdt' expression used to display for a closed fold 'formatlistpat' 'flp' pattern used to recognize a list header 'formatoptions' 'fo' how automatic formatting is to be done 'formatprg' 'fp' name of external program used with "gq" command 'formatexpr' 'fex' expression used with "gq" command 'fsync' 'fs' whether to invoke fsync() after file write 'gdefault' 'gd' the ":substitute" flag 'g' is default on 'grepformat' 'gfm' format of 'grepprg' output 'grepprg' 'gp' program to use for ":grep" 'guicursor' 'gcr' GUI: settings for cursor shape and blinking 'guifont' 'gfn' GUI: Name(s) of font(s) to be used 'guifontset' 'gfs' GUI: Names of multi-byte fonts to be used 'guifontwide' 'gfw' list of font names for double-wide characters 'guiheadroom' 'ghr' GUI: pixels room for window decorations 'guioptions' 'go' GUI: Which components and options are used 'guipty' GUI: try to use a pseudo-tty for ":!" commands 'guitablabel' 'gtl' GUI: custom label for a tab page 'guitabtooltip' 'gtt' GUI: custom tooltip for a tab page 'helpfile' 'hf' full path name of the main help file 'helpheight' 'hh' minimum height of a new help window 'helplang' 'hlg' preferred help languages 'hidden' 'hid' don't unload buffer when it is YXXYabandon|ed 'highlight' 'hl' sets highlighting mode for various occasions 'hlsearch' 'hls' highlight matches with last search pattern 'history' 'hi' number of command-lines that are remembered 'hkmap' 'hk' Hebrew keyboard mapping 'hkmapp' 'hkp' phonetic Hebrew keyboard mapping 'icon' let Vim set the text of the window icon 'iconstring' string to use for the Vim icon text 'ignorecase' 'ic' ignore case in search patterns 'imactivatekey' 'imak' key that activates the X input method 'imcmdline' 'imc' use IM when starting to edit a command line 'imdisable' 'imd' do not use the IM in any mode 'iminsert' 'imi' use :lmap or IM in Insert mode 'imsearch' 'ims' use :lmap or IM when typing a search pattern 'include' 'inc' pattern to be used to find an include file 'includeexpr' 'inex' expression used to process an include line 'incsearch' 'is' highlight match while typing search pattern 'indentexpr' 'inde' expression used to obtain the indent of a line 'indentkeys' 'indk' keys that trigger indenting with 'indentexpr' 'infercase' 'inf' adjust case of match for keyword completion 'insertmode' 'im' start the edit of a file in Insert mode 'isfname' 'isf' characters included in file names and pathnames 'isident' 'isi' characters included in identifiers 'iskeyword' 'isk' characters included in keywords 'isprint' 'isp' printable characters 'joinspaces' 'js' two spaces after a period with a join command 'key' encryption key 'keymap' 'kmp' name of a keyboard mapping 'keymodel' 'km' enable starting/stopping selection with keys 'keywordprg' 'kp' program to use for the "K" command 'langmap' 'lmap' alphabetic characters for other language mode 'langmenu' 'lm' language to be used for the menus 'laststatus' 'ls' tells when last window has status lines 'lazyredraw' 'lz' don't redraw while executing macros 'linebreak' 'lbr' wrap long lines at a blank 'lines' number of lines in the display 'linespace' 'lsp' number of pixel lines to use between characters 'lisp' automatic indenting for Lisp 'lispwords' 'lw' words that change how lisp indenting works 'list' show <Tab> and <EOL> 'listchars' 'lcs' characters for displaying in list mode 'loadplugins' 'lpl' load plugin scripts when starting up 'macatsui' Mac GUI: use ATSUI text drawing 'magic' changes special characters in search patterns 'makeef' 'mef' name of the errorfile for ":make" 'makeprg' 'mp' program to use for the ":make" command 'matchpairs' 'mps' pairs of characters that "%" can match 'matchtime' 'mat' tenths of a second to show matching paren 'maxcombine' 'mco' maximum nr of combining characters displayed 'maxfuncdepth' 'mfd' maximum recursive depth for user functions 'maxmapdepth' 'mmd' maximum recursive depth for mapping 'maxmem' 'mm' maximum memory (in Kbyte) used for one buffer 'maxmempattern' 'mmp' maximum memory (in Kbyte) used for pattern search 'maxmemtot' 'mmt' maximum memory (in Kbyte) used for all buffers 'menuitems' 'mis' maximum number of items in a menu 'mkspellmem' 'msm' memory used before |:mkspell| compresses the tree 'modeline' 'ml' recognize modelines at start or end of file 'modelines' 'mls' number of lines checked for modelines 'modifiable' 'ma' changes to the text are not possible 'modified' 'mod' buffer has been modified 'more' pause listings when the whole screen is filled 'mouse' enable the use of mouse clicks 'mousefocus' 'mousef' keyboard focus follows the mouse 'mousehide' 'mh' hide mouse pointer while typing 'mousemodel' 'mousem' changes meaning of mouse buttons 'mouseshape' 'mouses' shape of the mouse pointer in different modes 'mousetime' 'mouset' max time between mouse double-click 'mzquantum' 'mzq' the interval between polls for MzScheme threads 'nrformats' 'nf' number formats recognized for CTRL-A command 'number' 'nu' print the line number in front of each line 'numberwidth' 'nuw' number of columns used for the line number 'omnifunc' 'ofu' function for filetype-specific completion 'opendevice' 'odev' allow reading/writing devices on MS-Windows 'operatorfunc' 'opfunc' function to be called for |g@| operator 'osfiletype' 'oft' operating system-specific filetype information 'paragraphs' 'para' nroff macros that separate paragraphs 'paste' allow pasting text 'pastetoggle' 'pt' key code that causes 'paste' to toggle 'patchexpr' 'pex' expression used to patch a file 'patchmode' 'pm' keep the oldest version of a file 'path' 'pa' list of directories searched with "gf" et.al. 'preserveindent' 'pi' preserve the indent structure when reindenting 'previewheight' 'pvh' height of the preview window 'previewwindow' 'pvw' identifies the preview window 'printdevice' 'pdev' name of the printer to be used for :hardcopy 'printencoding' 'penc' encoding to be used for printing 'printexpr' 'pexpr' expression used to print PostScript for :hardcopy 'printfont' 'pfn' name of the font to be used for :hardcopy 'printheader' 'pheader' format of the header used for :hardcopy 'printmbcharset' 'pmbcs' CJK character set to be used for :hardcopy 'printmbfont' 'pmbfn' font names to be used for CJK output of :hardcopy 'printoptions' 'popt' controls the format of :hardcopy output 'pumheight' 'ph' maximum height of the popup menu 'quoteescape' 'qe' escape characters used in a string 'readonly' 'ro' disallow writing the buffer 'redrawtime' 'rdt' timeout for 'hlsearch' and |:match| highlighting 'remap' allow mappings to work recursively 'report' threshold for reporting nr. of lines changed 'restorescreen' 'rs' Win32: restore screen when exiting 'revins' 'ri' inserting characters will work backwards 'rightleft' 'rl' window is right-to-left oriented 'rightleftcmd' 'rlc' commands for which editing works right-to-left 'ruler' 'ru' show cursor line and column in the status line 'rulerformat' 'ruf' custom format for the ruler 'runtimepath' 'rtp' list of directories used for runtime files 'scroll' 'scr' lines to scroll with CTRL-U and CTRL-D 'scrollbind' 'scb' scroll in window as other windows scroll 'scrolljump' 'sj' minimum number of lines to scroll 'scrolloff' 'so' minimum nr. of lines above and below cursor 'scrollopt' 'sbo' how 'scrollbind' should behave 'sections' 'sect' nroff macros that separate sections 'secure' secure mode for reading .vimrc in current dir 'selection' 'sel' what type of selection to use 'selectmode' 'slm' when to use Select mode instead of Visual mode 'sessionoptions' 'ssop' options for |:mksession| 'shell' 'sh' name of shell to use for external commands 'shellcmdflag' 'shcf' flag to shell to execute one command 'shellpipe' 'sp' string to put output of ":make" in error file 'shellquote' 'shq' quote character(s) for around shell command 'shellredir' 'srr' string to put output of filter in a temp file 'shellslash' 'ssl' use forward slash for shell file names 'shelltemp' 'stmp' whether to use a temp file for shell commands 'shelltype' 'st' Amiga: influences how to use a shell 'shellxquote' 'sxq' like 'shellquote', but include redirection 'shiftround' 'sr' round indent to multiple of shiftwidth 'shiftwidth' 'sw' number of spaces to use for (auto)indent step 'shortmess' 'shm' list of flags, reduce length of messages 'shortname' 'sn' non-MS-DOS: Filenames assumed to be 8.3 chars 'showbreak' 'sbr' string to use at the start of wrapped lines 'showcmd' 'sc' show (partial) command in status line 'showfulltag' 'sft' show full tag pattern when completing tag 'showmatch' 'sm' briefly jump to matching bracket if insert one 'showmode' 'smd' message on status line to show current mode 'showtabline' 'stal' tells when the tab pages line is displayed 'sidescroll' 'ss' minimum number of columns to scroll horizontal 'sidescrolloff' 'siso' min. nr. of columns to left and right of cursor 'smartcase' 'scs' no ignore case when pattern has uppercase 'smartindent' 'si' smart autoindenting for C programs 'smarttab' 'sta' use 'shiftwidth' when inserting <Tab> 'softtabstop' 'sts' number of spaces that <Tab> uses while editing 'spell' enable spell checking 'spellcapcheck' 'spc' pattern to locate end of a sentence 'spellfile' 'spf' files where |zg| and |zw| store words 'spelllang' 'spl' language(s) to do spell checking for 'spellsuggest' 'sps' method(s) used to suggest spelling corrections 'splitbelow' 'sb' new window from split is below the current one 'splitright' 'spr' new window is put right of the current one 'startofline' 'sol' commands move cursor to first non-blank in line 'statusline' 'stl' custom format for the status line 'suffixes' 'su' suffixes that are ignored with multiple match 'suffixesadd' 'sua' suffixes added when searching for a file 'swapfile' 'swf' whether to use a swapfile for a buffer 'swapsync' 'sws' how to sync the swap file 'switchbuf' 'swb' sets behavior when switching to another buffer 'synmaxcol' 'smc' maximum column to find syntax items 'syntax' 'syn' syntax to be loaded for current buffer 'tabstop' 'ts' number of spaces that <Tab> in file uses 'tabline' 'tal' custom format for the console tab pages line 'tabpagemax' 'tpm' maximum number of tab pages for |-p| and "tab all" 'tagbsearch' 'tbs' use binary searching in tags files 'taglength' 'tl' number of significant characters for a tag 'tagrelative' 'tr' file names in tag file are relative 'tags' 'tag' list of file names used by the tag command 'tagstack' 'tgst' push tags onto the tag stack 'term' name of the terminal 'termbidi' 'tbidi' terminal takes care of bi-directionality 'termencoding' 'tenc' character encoding used by the terminal 'terse' shorten some messages 'textauto' 'ta' obsolete, use 'fileformats' 'textmode' 'tx' obsolete, use 'fileformat' 'textwidth' 'tw' maximum width of text that is being inserted 'thesaurus' 'tsr' list of thesaurus files for keyword completion 'tildeop' 'top' tilde command "~" behaves like an operator 'timeout' 'to' time out on mappings and key codes 'timeoutlen' 'tm' time out time in milliseconds 'title' let Vim set the title of the window 'titlelen' percentage of 'columns' used for window title 'titleold' old title, restored when exiting 'titlestring' string to use for the Vim window title 'toolbar' 'tb' GUI: which items to show in the toolbar 'toolbariconsize' 'tbis' size of the toolbar icons (for GTK 2 only) 'ttimeout' time out on mappings 'ttimeoutlen' 'ttm' time out time for key codes in milliseconds 'ttybuiltin' 'tbi' use built-in termcap before external termcap 'ttyfast' 'tf' indicates a fast terminal connection 'ttymouse' 'ttym' type of mouse codes generated 'ttyscroll' 'tsl' maximum number of lines for a scroll 'ttytype' 'tty' alias for 'term' 'undolevels' 'ul' maximum number of changes that can be undone 'updatecount' 'uc' after this many characters flush swap file 'updatetime' 'ut' after this many milliseconds flush swap file 'verbose' 'vbs' give informative messages 'verbosefile' 'vfile' file to write messages in 'viewdir' 'vdir' directory where to store files with :mkview 'viewoptions' 'vop' specifies what to save for :mkview 'viminfo' 'vi' use .viminfo file upon startup and exiting 'virtualedit' 've' when to use virtual editing 'visualbell' 'vb' use visual bell instead of beeping 'warn' warn for shell command when buffer was changed 'weirdinvert' 'wi' for terminals that have weird inversion method 'whichwrap' 'ww' allow specified keys to cross line boundaries 'wildchar' 'wc' command-line character for wildcard expansion 'wildcharm' 'wcm' like 'wildchar' but also works when mapped 'wildignore' 'wig' files matching these patterns are not completed 'wildmenu' 'wmnu' use menu for command line completion 'wildmode' 'wim' mode for 'wildchar' command-line expansion 'wildoptions' 'wop' specifies how command line completion is done. 'winaltkeys' 'wak' when the windows system handles ALT keys 'winheight' 'wh' minimum number of lines for the current window 'winfixheight' 'wfh' keep window height when opening/closing windows 'winfixwidth' 'wfw' keep window width when opening/closing windows 'winminheight' 'wmh' minimum number of lines for any window 'winminwidth' 'wmw' minimal number of columns for any window 'winwidth' 'wiw' minimal number of columns for current window 'wrap' long lines wrap and continue on the next line 'wrapmargin' 'wm' chars from the right where wrapping starts 'wrapscan' 'ws' searches wrap around the end of the file 'write' writing to a file is allowed 'writeany' 'wa' write to file with no need for "!" override 'writebackup' 'wb' make a backup before overwriting a file 'writedelay' 'wd' delay this many msec for each char (for debug) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ur* Undo/Redo commands |u| N u undo last N changes |CTRL-R| N CTRL-R redo last N undone changes |U| U restore last changed line ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_et* External commands |:shell| :sh[ell] start a shell |:!| :!{command} execute {command} with a shell |K| K lookup keyword under the cursor with 'keywordprg' program (default: "man") ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_qf* Quickfix commands |:cc| :cc [nr] display error [nr] (default is the same again) |:cnext| :cn display the next error |:cprevious| :cp display the previous error |:clist| :cl list all errors |:cfile| :cf read errors from the file 'errorfile' |:cgetbuffer| :cgetb like :cbuffer but don't jump to the first error |:cgetfile| :cg like :cfile but don't jump to the first error |:cgetexpr| :cgete like :cexpr but don't jump to the first error |:caddfile| :caddf add errors from the error file to the current quickfix list |:caddexpr| :cad add errors from an expression to the current quickfix list |:cbuffer| :cb read errors from text in a buffer |:cexpr| :cex read errors from an expression |:cquit| :cq quit without writing and return error code (to the compiler) |:make| :make [args] start make, read errors, and jump to first error |:grep| :gr[ep] [args] execute 'grepprg' to find matches and jump to the first one. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_vc* Various commands |CTRL-L| CTRL-L Clear and redraw the screen. |CTRL-G| CTRL-G show current file name (with path) and cursor position |ga| ga show ascii value of character under cursor in decimal, hex, and octal |g8| g8 for utf-8 encoding: show byte sequence for character under cursor in hex. |g_CTRL-G| g CTRL-G show cursor column, line, and character position |CTRL-C| CTRL-C during searches: Interrupt the search |dos-CTRL-Break| CTRL-Break MS-DOS: during searches: Interrupt the search |<Del>| <Del> while entering a count: delete last character |:version| :ve[rsion] show version information |:mode| :mode N MS-DOS: set screen mode to N (number, C80, C4350, etc.) |:normal| :norm[al][!] {commands} Execute Normal mode commands. |Q| Q switch to "Ex" mode |:redir| :redir >{file} redirect messages to {file} |:silent| :silent[!] {command} execute {command} silently |:confirm| :confirm {command} quit, write, etc., asking about unsaved changes or read-only files. |:browse| :browse {command} open/read/write file, using a file selection dialog ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ce* Command-line editing |c_<Esc>| <Esc> abandon command-line (if 'wildchar' is <Esc>, type it twice) |c_CTRL-V| CTRL-V {char} insert {char} literally |c_CTRL-V| CTRL-V {number} enter decimal value of character (up to three digits) |c_CTRL-K| CTRL-K {char1} {char2} enter digraph (See |Q_di|) |c_CTRL-R| CTRL-R {0-9a-z"%#:-=} insert the contents of a register |c_<Left>| <Left>/<Right> cursor left/right |c_<S-Left>| <S-Left>/<S-Right> cursor one word left/right |c_CTRL-B| CTRL-B/CTRL-E cursor to beginning/end of command-line |c_<BS>| <BS> delete the character in front of the cursor |c_<Del>| <Del> delete the character under the cursor |c_CTRL-W| CTRL-W delete the word in front of the cursor |c_CTRL-U| CTRL-U remove all characters |c_<Up>| <Up>/<Down> recall older/newer command-line that starts with current command |c_<S-Up>| <S-Up>/<S-Down> recall older/newer command-line from history |:history| :his[tory] show older command-lines Context-sensitive completion on the command-line: |c_wildchar| 'wildchar' (default: <Tab>) do completion on the pattern in front of the cursor. If there are multiple matches, beep and show the first one; further 'wildchar' will show the next ones. |c_CTRL-D| CTRL-D list all names that match the pattern in front of the cursor |c_CTRL-A| CTRL-A insert all names that match pattern in front of cursor |c_CTRL-L| CTRL-L insert longest common part of names that match pattern |c_CTRL-N| CTRL-N after 'wildchar' with multiple matches: go to next match |c_CTRL-P| CTRL-P after 'wildchar' with multiple matches: go to previous match ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ra* Ex ranges |:range| , separates two line numbers |:range| ; idem, set cursor to the first line number before interpreting the second one |:range| {number} an absolute line number |:range| . the current line |:range| $ the last line in the file |:range| % equal to 1,$ (the entire file) |:range| * equal to '<,'> (visual area) |:range| 't position of mark t |:range| /{pattern}[/] the next line where {pattern} matches |:range| ?{pattern}[?] the previous line where {pattern} matches |:range| +[num] add [num] to the preceding line number (default: 1) |:range| -[num] subtract [num] from the preceding line number (default: 1) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ex* Special Ex characters |:bar| | separates two commands (not for ":global" and ":!") |:quote| " begins comment |:_%| % current file name (only where a file name is expected) |:_#| #[num] alternate file name [num] (only where a file name is expected) Note: The next four are typed literally; these are not special keys! |:<cword>| <cword> word under the cursor (only where a file name is expected) |:<cWORD>| <cWORD> WORD under the cursor (only where a file name is expected) (see |WORD|) |:<cfile>| <cfile> file name under the cursor (only where a file name is expected) |:<afile>| <afile> file name for autocommand (only where a file name is expected) |:<sfile>| <sfile> file name of a ":source"d file, within that file (only where a file name is expected) After "%", "#", "<cfile>", "<sfile>" or "<afile>" |::p| :p full path |::h| :h head (file name removed) |::t| :t tail (file name only) |::r| :r root (extension removed) |::e| :e extension |::s| :s/{pat}/{repl}/ substitute {pat} with {repl} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_st* Starting VIM |-vim| vim [options] start editing with an empty buffer |-file| vim [options] {file} .. start editing one or more files |--| vim [options] - read file from stdin |-tag| vim [options] -t {tag} edit the file associated with {tag} |-qf| vim [options] -q [fname] start editing in QuickFix mode, display the first error Most useful Vim arguments (for full list see |startup-options|) |-gui| -g start GUI (also allows other options) |-+| +[num] put the cursor at line [num] (default: last line) |-+c| +{command} execute {command} after loading the file |-+/| +/{pat} {file} .. put the cursor at the first occurrence of {pat} |-v| -v Vi mode, start ex in Normal mode |-e| -e Ex mode, start vim in Ex mode |-R| -R Read-only mode, implies -n |-m| -m modifications not allowed (resets 'write' option) |-d| -d diff mode |diff| |-b| -b binary mode |-l| -l lisp mode |-A| -A Arabic mode ('arabic' is set) |-F| -F Farsi mode ('fkmap' and 'rightleft' are set) |-H| -H Hebrew mode ('hkmap' and 'rightleft' are set) |-V| -V Verbose, give informative messages |-C| -C Compatible, set the 'compatible' option |-N| -N Nocompatible, reset the 'compatible' option |-r| -r give list of swap files |-r| -r {file} .. recover aborted edit session |-n| -n do not create a swap file |-o| -o [num] open [num] windows (default: one for each file) |-f| -f GUI: foreground process, don't fork Amiga: do not restart VIM to open a window (for e.g., mail) |-s| -s {scriptin} first read commands from the file {scriptin} |-w| -w {scriptout} write typed chars to file {scriptout} (append) |-W| -W {scriptout} write typed chars to file {scriptout} (overwrite) |-T| -T {terminal} set terminal name |-d| -d {device} Amiga: open {device} to be used as a console |-u| -u {vimrc} read inits from {vimrc} instead of other inits |-U| -U {gvimrc} idem, for when starting the GUI |-i| -i {viminfo} read info from {viminfo} instead of other files |---| -- end of options, other arguments are file names |--help| --help show list of arguments and exit |--version| --version show version info and exit |--| - Read file from stdin. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ed* Editing a file Without !: Fail if changes has been made to the current buffer. With !: Discard any changes to the current buffer. |:edit_f| :e[dit][!] {file} Edit {file}. |:edit| :e[dit][!] Reload the current file. |:enew| :ene[w][!] Edit a new, unnamed buffer. |:find| :fin[d][!] {file} Find {file} in 'path' and edit it. |CTRL-^| N CTRL-^ Edit alternate file N (equivalent to ":e #N"). |gf| gf or ]f Edit the file whose name is under the cursor |:pwd| :pwd Print the current directory name. |:cd| :cd [path] Change the current directory to [path]. |:cd-| :cd - Back to previous current directory. |:file| :f[ile] Print the current file name and the cursor position. |:file| :f[ile] {name} Set the current file name to {name}. |:files| :files Show alternate file names. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_fl* Using the argument list |argument-list| |:args| :ar[gs] Print the argument list, with the current file in "[]". |:all| :all or :sall Open a window for every file in the arg list. |:wn| :wn[ext][!] Write file and edit next file. |:wn| :wn[ext][!] {file} Write to {file} and edit next file, unless {file} exists. With !, overwrite existing file. |:wN| :wN[ext][!] [file] Write file and edit previous file. in current window in new window |:argument| :argu[ment] N :sar[gument] N Edit file N |:next| :n[ext] :sn[ext] Edit next file |:next_f| :n[ext] {arglist} :sn[ext] {arglist} define new arg list and edit first file |:Next| :N[ext] :sN[ext] Edit previous file |:first| :fir[st] :sfir[st] Edit first file |:last| :la[st] :sla[st] Edit last file ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_wq* Writing and quitting |:w| :[range]w[rite][!] Write to the current file. |:w_f| :[range]w[rite] {file} Write to {file}, unless it already exists. |:w_f| :[range]w[rite]! {file} Write to {file}. Overwrite an existing file. |:w_a| :[range]w[rite][!] >> Append to the current file. |:w_a| :[range]w[rite][!] >> {file} Append to {file}. |:w_c| :[range]w[rite] !{cmd} Execute {cmd} with [range] lines as standard input. |:up| :[range]up[date][!] write to current file if modified |:wall| :wa[ll][!] write all changed buffers |:q| :q[uit] Quit current buffer, unless changes have been made. Exit Vim when there are no other non-help buffers |:q| :q[uit]! Quit current buffer always, discard any changes. Exit Vim when there are no other non-help buffers |:qa| :qa[ll] Exit Vim, unless changes have been made. |:qa| :qa[ll]! Exit Vim always, discard any changes. |:cq| :cq Quit without writing and return error code. |:wq| :wq[!] Write the current file and exit. |:wq| :wq[!] {file} Write to {file} and exit. |:xit| :x[it][!] [file] Like ":wq" but write only when changes have been made |ZZ| ZZ Same as ":x". |ZQ| ZQ Same as ":q!". |:xall| :xa[ll][!] or :wqall[!] Write all changed buffers and exit |:stop| :st[op][!] Suspend VIM or start new shell. If 'aw' option is set and [!] not given write the buffer. |CTRL-Z| CTRL-Z Same as ":stop" ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_ac* Automatic Commands |viminfo-file| Read registers, marks, history at startup, save when exiting. |:rviminfo| :rv[iminfo] [file] Read info from viminfo file [file] |:rviminfo| :rv[iminfo]! [file] idem, overwrite existing info |:wviminfo| :wv[iminfo] [file] Add info to viminfo file [file] |:wviminfo| :wv[iminfo]! [file] Write info to viminfo file [file] |modeline| Automatic option setting when editing a file |modeline| vim:{set-arg}: .. In the first and last lines of the file (see 'ml' option), {set-arg} is given as an argument to ":set" |autocommand| Automatic execution of commands on certain events. |:autocmd| :au List all autocommands |:autocmd| :au {event} List all autocommands for {event} |:autocmd| :au {event} {pat} List all autocommands for {event} with {pat} |:autocmd| :au {event} {pat} {cmd} Enter new autocommands for {event} with {pat} |:autocmd| :au! Remove all autocommands |:autocmd| :au! {event} Remove all autocommands for {event} |:autocmd| :au! * {pat} Remove all autocommands for {pat} |:autocmd| :au! {event} {pat} Remove all autocommands for {event} with {pat} |:autocmd| :au! {event} {pat} {cmd} Remove all autocommands for {event} with {pat} and enter new one ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_wi* Multi-window commands |CTRL-W_s| CTRL-W s or :split Split window into two parts |:split_f| :split {file} Split window and edit {file} in one of them |:vsplit| :vsplit {file} Same, but split vertically |:vertical| :vertical {cmd} Make {cmd} split vertically |:sfind| :sf[ind] {file} Split window, find {file} in 'path' and edit it. |CTRL-W_]| CTRL-W ] Split window and jump to tag under cursor |CTRL-W_f| CTRL-W f Split window and edit file name under the cursor |CTRL-W_^| CTRL-W ^ Split window and edit alternate file |CTRL-W_n| CTRL-W n or :new Create new empty window |CTRL-W_q| CTRL-W q or :q[uit] Quit editing and close window |CTRL-W_c| CTRL-W c or :cl[ose] Make buffer hidden and close window |CTRL-W_o| CTRL-W o or :on[ly] Make current window only one on the screen |CTRL-W_j| CTRL-W j Move cursor to window below |CTRL-W_k| CTRL-W k Move cursor to window above |CTRL-W_CTRL-W| CTRL-W CTRL-W Move cursor to window below (wrap) |CTRL-W_W| CTRL-W W Move cursor to window above (wrap) |CTRL-W_t| CTRL-W t Move cursor to top window |CTRL-W_b| CTRL-W b Move cursor to bottom window |CTRL-W_p| CTRL-W p Move cursor to previous active window |CTRL-W_r| CTRL-W r Rotate windows downwards |CTRL-W_R| CTRL-W R Rotate windows upwards |CTRL-W_x| CTRL-W x Exchange current window with next one |CTRL-W_=| CTRL-W = Make all windows equal height |CTRL-W_-| CTRL-W - Decrease current window height |CTRL-W_+| CTRL-W + Increase current window height |CTRL-W__| CTRL-W _ Set current window height (default: very high) ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_bu* Buffer list commands |:buffers| :buffers or :files list all known buffer and file names |:ball| :ball or :sball edit all args/buffers |:unhide| :unhide or :sunhide edit all loaded buffers |:badd| :badd {fname} add file name {fname} to the list |:bunload| :bunload[!] [N] unload buffer [N] from memory |:bdelete| :bdelete[!] [N] unload buffer [N] and delete it from the buffer list in current window in new window |:buffer| :[N]buffer [N] :[N]sbuffer [N] to arg/buf N |:bnext| :[N]bnext [N] :[N]sbnext [N] to Nth next arg/buf |:bNext| :[N]bNext [N] :[N]sbNext [N] to Nth previous arg/buf |:bprevious| :[N]bprevious [N] :[N]sbprevious [N] to Nth previous arg/buf |:bfirst| :bfirst :sbfirst to first arg/buf |:blast| :blast :sblast to last arg/buf |:bmodified| :[N]bmod [N] :[N]sbmod [N] to Nth modified buf ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_sy* Syntax Highlighting |:syn-on| :syntax on start using syntax highlighting |:syn-off| :syntax off stop using syntax highlighting |:syn-keyword| :syntax keyword {group-name} {keyword} .. add a syntax keyword item |:syn-match| :syntax match {group-name} {pattern} ... add syntax match item |:syn-region| :syntax region {group-name} {pattern} ... add syntax region item |:syn-sync| :syntax sync [ccomment | lines {N} | ...] tell syntax how to sync |:syntax| :syntax [list] list current syntax items |:syn-clear| :syntax clear clear all syntax info |:highlight| :highlight clear clear all highlight info |:highlight| :highlight {group-name} {key}={arg} .. set highlighting for {group-name} |:filetype| :filetype on switch on file type detection, without syntax highlighting |:filetype| :filetype plugin indent on switch on file type detection, with automatic indenting and settings ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_gu* GUI commands |:gui| :gui UNIX: start the GUI |:gui| :gui {fname} .. idem, and edit {fname} .. |:menu| :menu list all menus |:menu| :menu {mpath} list menus starting with {mpath} |:menu| :menu {mpath} {rhs} add menu {mpath}, giving {lhs} |:menu| :menu {pri} {mpath} {rhs} idem, with priorities {pri} |:menu| :menu ToolBar.{name} {rhs} add toolbar item, giving {lhs} |:tmenu| :tmenu {mpath} {text} add tooltip to menu {mpath} |:unmenu| :unmenu {mpath} remove menu {mpath} ------------------------------------------------------------------------------ *Q_fo* Folding |'foldmethod'| set foldmethod=manual manual folding set foldmethod=indent folding by indent set foldmethod=expr folding by 'foldexpr' set foldmethod=syntax folding by syntax regions set foldmethod=marker folding by 'foldmarkers' |zf| zf{motion} operator: Define a fold manually |:fold| :{range}fold define a fold for {range} lines |zd| zd delete one fold under the cursor |zD| zD delete all folds under the cursor |zo| zo open one fold under the cursor |zO| zO open all folds under the cursor |zc| zc close one fold under the cursor |zC| zC close all folds under the cursor |zm| zm fold more: decrease 'foldlevel' |zM| zM close all folds: make 'foldlevel' zero |zr| zr reduce folding: increase 'foldlevel' |zR| zR open all folds: make 'foldlevel' max. |zn| zn fold none: reset 'foldenable' |zN| zN fold normal set 'foldenable' |zi| zi invert 'foldenable' top - main help file


Your domain is pointing to the correct Server! You may update your configuration.
Thank you for using NPM Lite! github:@Sajjal


This will be the future site of RESTful API sensor readings aggregator. The API is not yet ready for primetime.
Things being considered:


For general information about Binospec at the MMT, visit the Binospec preliminary information page.
setenv SPECPRO_DIR /Users/bjw/idl/specpro setenv IDL_PATH :+${SPECPRO_DIR}/code:$IDL_PATH setenv IDL_PATH :+${SPECPRO_DIR}/external:$IDL_PATH setenv SPVIEW ${SPECPRO_DIR}/templatesbut replace "/Users/bjw/idl/specpro" with the directory where you installed specpro. If you use bash, use export SPECPRO_DIR=... instead of setenv.
convert_binospec_to_specpro, 'obj_counts_slits_extr.fits', 'obj_counts_slits_lin.fits', outdir='specfiles'substituting the appropriate filenames as needed. This will make a 1-d file, 2-file, and info file for each slitlet (it's a lot of files) in the subdirectory. If you put the convert_binospec_to_specpro.pro file in the current directory, or if you get an undefined procedure error when running it, compile it first with the IDL command:
.com convert_binospec_to_specprothen run the convert_binospec_to_specpro command. As of Dec 2018 there is a new version on github that compiles all the subroutines when you run it, to avoid this undefined procedure error.
cd,'specfiles' device, decomposed=1 specpro_bino, 1, /basicYou only need to do the file conversion once per dataset, and can then run specpro for as many sessions as you like. You may get an error message after 'device, decomposed=1'; this message can be ignored.
That describes how to run Specpro. You can read the Specpro documentation for what the various controls do. Below is a screenshot of Specpro in "basic" mode with a redshift fit to a Binospec spectrum, and below the screenshot is an introduction to the Specpro workflow that I find useful.
Below the 1-d spectrum window, set bin=4, smooth=3. click "Emission" box to show location of common emission lines. You may also find "Elliptical (subset)" useful, and "QSO emission (subset)", "High-z", or "QSO absorption" useful depending on what types of objects are in your data.
Below the 2-d spectrum window, you can tick "Show extraction," but the extraction window is not easily computed from the Binospec reduced data and tends to default to the middle of the slitlet even if that's not the true location, so it can be misleading.
Often a given template will have multiple solutions that are all pretty close in redshift and you'll have to change to a different template to get some variety. There are some general tendencies, eg VVDS Starburst or Blue Galaxy fit strong emission line galaxies, VVDS Spiral or Green Galaxy are useful for galaxies with some emission and absorption lines, etc. I find that VVDS Elliptical and Red Galaxy impose a very old template with a strong red tilt; depending on your objects, you might find the S0 template more useful for absorption lines.
Important: frequently, the template fits are affected by low quality data or artifacts at the ends of the 1-d spectrum and will fail to yield a redshift. It helps a lot to zoom in on the spectrum by clicking and dragging in the 1-d plot window to eliminate the spectrum ends, then choosing a template from the pull-down menu to redo the fit. The fit will only use the x range of data that is visible in the 1-d plot window. If you zoom in too much, use the "reset zoom" button to get back to the original range. I am working on modifying the fit to ignore the very ends of the spectrum to mitigate this problem.
If you want to judge whether the features the template is fitting are real, try clicking and dragging over the feature in the 2-d plot window to open a zoom in window, e.g. at the location of emission lines. This will also recompute the contrast for the zoomed in window, helpful when the full 2-d plot has a bad stretch due to artifacts (which is pretty common).
If you didn't find a redshift that you liked, you can click "No z" at bottom and it will set redshift=-99 and confidence=0. I prefer to set these to z=0 and confidence=1, reserving confidence=0 for uninspected.
You can type any comments you like in the "Notes" box. These will appear in the output file.
After you've chosen a filename, in that session specpro_bino will remember the filename and auto-save your file on every next slit, previous, jump to slit number, or quit event. You only have to click "save redshift" once per session. This is a change from original specpro, to make it less likely that you'll lose work.
The format of the output file is an ASCII file with columns:
masknum slitnum ra dec catnum z zqual commentsBecause it appends, you may find duplicate lines if you re-opened the file, etc. If you eliminate duplicates and sort the file in slit number order, it should match the order of the slits/objects in the table that Binomask presented when you designed the mask.
Please contact Benjamin Weiner<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for further information or questions.


|
areaDetector
3-5-0
EPICS areaDetector framework
|
Interface to a com port, on a grabber. More...
#include <comportInterface.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| virtual void | open (void)=0 |
| virtual void | open (int baud, int parity, int nbits, int nstop)=0 |
| virtual void | open (int baud, int parity, int nbits, int nstop, int rdtimeout)=0 |
| virtual void | write (unsigned char *buffer, int length)=0 |
| virtual void | read (unsigned char *buffer, int length)=0 |
| virtual void | write (unsigned char c)=0 |
| virtual unsigned char | read (void)=0 |
| virtual void | close (void)=0 |
| virtual void | flush (void)=0 |
| virtual void | clearPipe ()=0 |
| virtual void | setPortName (char *n)=0 |
| virtual void | wait (int us)=0 |
| virtual void | tic ()=0 |
| virtual double | toc ()=0 |
Interface to a com port, on a grabber.
\ We inherite this with any class to represent the serial port ona grabber. Pure virtual class.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.
|
pure virtual |
Implemented in cl_com_port, and sw_com_port.


Calligraphy products required :
As a beginner, we all have a doubt in our minds related to what to buy for a better calligraphy experience. Believe me, even if you have a normal PENCIL, you can do quit good job! Alternatively, you can also use a normal gel pen or a ball pen to practice as a beginner.


Keshav Agarwal
President
Mechatronics - 2022
"Life's too mysterious to take too seriously"
Pradhyuman Yadav
Vice President
Electrical - 2022
"Everything is relative"
Tejas Saxena
Coding Head
Computer Science - 2022
"Why do you have to prove to machines that you are not machines?"
Pranav Shekhar
App-Dev Head | Android
Computer Science - 2022
"Simplistic as a UI"
Rupam Mondal
Treasurer
Mechanical - 2022
"Continuously striving to be better than yesterday."
Lekesh Kumar
Logistics Head
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"Be a voice, not an echo"
Shriniketan Kulkarni
Secretary
Electrical - 2022
"Hard work beats talent if talent doesn’t work hard"
Sagnik Chatterjee
Web-Dev Head
Computer Science - 2022
"Don't be evil"
Vivek Bhat
Logistics Head
Information Technology - 2022
"Dream. Dedicate. Make it happen."
Yash Vora
App-Dev Head | iOS
Mechatronics - 2022
"If we wish we can do anything"


Sleb Safari: Rod Stewart and his downtown model train set
by MAEVE CONNOLLYTHERE was a time when Rod Stewart was known for a particular brand of extra-curricular activity – but those days are well and truly gone, what with Rod revealing the huge model railway city he has been working on for 23 years.
He unveiled his pride and joy as part of an interview with Railway Modeller magazine; a publication which Sleb Safari admits with regret, and indeed shame, to being unfamiliar with. Until now.
Rod’s model railway set is exquisite. Huge too. There’s vegetation, bridges, a river, ship, power station, roads with cars and taxis, pavements, warehouses and skyscrapers – the tallest of which measure five feet.
He calls it Grand Street and Three Rivers City and it’s based on an American city in the 1940s. Is anyone else humming "Will I see you tonight, on a downtown train"?
Rod worked on the model railway set when on tour, booking an extra hotel room and having it cleared of all furniture, with fans brought in "to improve air circulation and ventilation".
Sleb Safari hopes Rod is referring to human fans. It’s picturing a hotel suite with a dozen or so life-long Rodettes blowing gently on the model trains while another team open and close the doors and windows whenever the Fat Controller gives them the nod.
Rod even rang into the Jeremy Vine Show on BBC Radio 2 when the journalist suggested he hadn’t built the set himself.
"I would say 90 per cent of it I built myself," he stressed. "The only thing I wasn't very good at and still am not is the electricals, so I had someone else do that."
Rod added: "When I take on something creative like this I have to give it 110 per cent. For me it’s addictive. I started so I just had to finish. I’m lucky I had the room. If I'd have realised at the start it would have taken so long I’d have probably said 'no, no, nah'."
The detail of the 1,500 square ft city is astonishing. Here’s how he described painting the pavements to Jeremy Vine.
"You start off with a grey. And then you add a little concrete colour, so every paving stone is slightly different.
"And the cracks have to have some black chalk... and then you add a little bit of rubbish in the gutters, you add a little bit of rust here and there. I enjoyed the building more than I did the running."
It’s sweet really; a terribly wholesome activity. It makes Sleb Safari wonder what other 70-something rockers have been getting up to in their spare time. Might Mick Jagger be a crochet king? Is Meat Loaf whittling wood? Could Tina Turner be a secret stamp collector?
All we know for sure is that the man who croons I Am Sailing has a new song and it goes something like this: I Am Railing, I Am Railing… thank you for indulging Sleb Safari.
Win a £50 voucher for ladies night at Hillmount Bangor
SLEB Safari is giving away two £50 vouchers to ladies shopping night at Hillmount garden centre in Bangor.
The shopping night takes place on Friday December 6 and you have four glorious hours to spend your voucher.
There will be a free glass of sparkling or mulled wine on arrival and Hillmount Bangor will be open until 9pm.
To be in with a chance to win one of the vouchers answer this question correctly:
Which town in the US is Bangor twinned with?
Email your answer to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and mark your entry 'Sleb Safari/Hillmount Bangor'. The competition closes at noon on Wednesday November 20. Please include your address and a telephone number.
Usual Irish News rules apply and the voucher must be used at Hillmount, 116 Belfast Road, Bangor, BT20 3NN at ladies shopping night on Friday December 6, between 5pm and 9pm.
Competition winners
The winners of a £50 voucher for ladies night at Hillmount garden centre in Belfast are:
- Michael Graham from Bangor
- Stacey Hinfey from Magherafelt
The winners of Dublin Murders on DVD are:
- Brenda Fegan from Burren in Co Down
- Catherine Corrigan from Dungannon
- Jim Fawcett from Strabane


Planet Sick-Boy: http://www.sick-boy.com "We Put the SIN in Cinema"
© Copyright 2001 Planet Sick-Boy. All Rights Reserved.
Jump Tomorrow is cute with a capital C. Everything about it is cute, from the story, to the direction, to the sets, to the songs. If you can't walk away from this film with a smile on your face, you'd better keep right on walking to your shrink's office.
Tomorrow focuses on George Abiola (Tunde Adebimpe), a perpetually uncomfortable-looking Nigerian man who is about to marry a childhood friend. George, who looks like he came out of his mom wearing a suit, could be a grown-up Urkel on quaaludes. And to say he's nervous about his impending nuptials would be a drastic understatement.
With his traditional Nigerian wedding just a few days away (it's set to take place in Niagara Falls), George heads to the airport to pick up his fiancée, who is on her way from Nigeria. But he comes one day late, and, after calling his uncle (Isiah Whitlock Jr.), finds out Sophie (Abiola Wendy Abrams) is already in Niagara Falls.
George meets two strangers at the airport - a Latina beauty named Alicia (Natalia Verbeke) and a man named Gerard (two-time César Award nominee Hippolyte Girardot) who was dumped by his fiancée at the airport. George is instantly smitten with Alicia, who calls him Jorge and invites him to a party later that night, and, almost against his will, George becomes Gerard's co-pilot after he offers to drive the groom-to-be to Niagara Falls.
As chance would have it, Alicia and her smarmy Brit boyfriend Nathan (James Wilby) are hitching a ride to Canada, and most of Tomorrow shows Gerard trying to coerce George into following Alicia and winning her affections. Gerard, who George talks out of jumping off a building (convincing him to "jump tomorrow"), is kind of like a suicidal Cupid. Even his license plate reads "Amour 1."
Tomorrow is a lot like Jim Jarmusch's Stranger Than Paradise in more ways than just having three main characters and being predominantly set on Lake Erie. Paradise, like most of Jarmusch's other films, shows complete strangers of different nationalities, who would ordinarily have nothing to do with each other, forced into contact with one another for bizarre reasons. Granted, there's a lot more going on in Tomorrow than in Paradise, but the similarities are still there.
 Writer/director Joel Hopkins based Tomorrow on an award-winning short (called Jorge) that featured Adebimpe playing the same character but in a different setting.
1:37 - PG for thematic material, mild sensuality and language
========== X-RAMR-ID: 29167 X-Language: en X-RT-ReviewID: 243880 X-RT-TitleID: 1108740 X-RT-SourceID: 595 X-RT-AuthorID: 1146
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Given a sorted array nums, remove the duplicates in-place such that duplicates appeared at most twice and return the new length.
Do not allocate extra space for another array, you must do this by modifying the input array in-place with O(1) extra memory.
Example 1:
Given nums = [1,1,1,2,2,3],
Your function should return length = 5, with the first five elements of nums being 1, 1, 2, 2 and 3 respectively.
It doesn't matter what you leave beyond the returned length.
Example 2:
Given nums = [0,0,1,1,1,1,2,3,3],
Your function should return length = 7, with the first seven elements of nums being modified to 0, 0, 1, 1, 2, 3 and 3 respectively.
It doesn't matter what values are set beyond the returned length.
Clarification:
Confused why the returned value is an integer but your answer is an array?
Note that the input array is passed in by reference, which means modification to the input array will be known to the caller as well.
Internally you can think of this:
// nums is passed in by reference. (i.e., without making a copy)
int len = removeDuplicates(nums);
// any modification to nums in your function would be known by the caller.
// using the length returned by your function, it prints the first len elements.
for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) {
print(nums[i]);
}
Similar to 26. Remove Duplicates from Sorted Array.
/**
* @param {number[]} nums
* @return {number}
*/
var removeDuplicates = function(nums) {
let len = 0
for (let i = 0; i < nums.length; i++) {
if (nums[i] !== nums[len-2]) {
nums[len++] = nums[i]
}
}
return len
};
Template generated via Leetmark.


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--- active_crumb: Test Framework layout: documentation id: test_framework fa_icon: fa-tools ---
NLPCraft comes built-in with a simple-to-use testing framework that can be used with any popular unit testing JVM frameworks such as TestNG or JUnit. Test framework is essentially a simplified implementation of the REST client tailor-made for model unit testing.
Test framework consists of the following types in org.apache.nlpcraft.model.tools.test
package:
NCTestClient
instances.
Here's a code for unit test using test client for the model from Alarm Clock example illustrating the usage of test framework together with JUnit 5:
public class AlarmTest { private NCTestClient cli; @BeforeEach void setUp() throws NCException, IOException { NCEmbeddedProbe.start(AlarmModel.class); cli = new NCTestClientBuilder().newBuilder().build(); cli.open("nlpcraft.alarm.ex"); } @AfterEach void tearDown() throws NCException, IOException { if (cli != null) cli.close(); NCEmbeddedProbe.stop(); } @Test public void test() throws NCException, IOException { // Should be passed. assertTrue(cli.ask("Ping me in 3 minutes").isOk()); assertTrue(cli.ask("Buzz me in an hour and 15mins").isOk()); assertTrue(cli.ask("Set my alarm for 30s").isOk()); } }
NOTES:
NCTestClient
using
client builder with default configuration. On line 10 we open test client connection for model
with ID nlpcraft.alarm.ex
.
Embedded Probe
Note that this example (lines 6 and 18), as all other examples shipped with NLPCraft, uses Embedded Probe.
Typically, data probes are launched in their own independent JVMs. However, in some cases - e.g. during unit testing - it is more convenient for model implementation or preferable for performance reasons to host a data model (and hence the data probe) in the same JVM.
The same model from Alarm Clock example can be auto validated using NCTestAutoModelValidator class and user defined @NCIntentSample and @NCIntentSampleRef annotations from the model's callback method:
public class AlarmModel extends NCModelFileAdapter { @NCIntentRef("alarm") @NCIntentSample({ "Ping me in 3 minutes", "Buzz me in an hour and 15mins", "Set my alarm for 30s" }) NCResult onMatch( NCIntentMatch ctx, @NCIntentTerm("nums") List<NCToken> numToks ) { // ... } }
Auto model validator takes one or more model IDs (or class names) and performs validation. Validation consists of starting an embedded probe with a given model, scanning for @NCIntentSample and @NCIntentSampleRef annotations and their corresponding callback methods, submitting each sample input sentences from these annotations and checking that resulting intent matches the intent the sample was attached to.
Auto mode validator can be executed in two different ways:
In the log output you should see the following validation results:
See NCTestAutoModelValidator class for more details.
All examples shipped with NLPCraft come with instructions on how to auto-validate their models.


Manages the UI screen for the BuildDialogState
More...
Manages the UI screen for the BuildDialogState
◆ Construct()
◆ OnDownloadTrackPressed()
| void BuildDialogUI.OnDownloadTrackPressed |
( |
| ) |
|
|
inline |
◆ OnImpressButtonPressed()
| void BuildDialogUI.OnImpressButtonPressed |
( |
| ) |
|
|
inline |
◆ OnLoadTrackButtonPressed()
| void BuildDialogUI.OnLoadTrackButtonPressed |
( |
| ) |
|
|
inline |
◆ OnNewTrackButtonPressed()
| void BuildDialogUI.OnNewTrackButtonPressed |
( |
| ) |
|
|
inline |
◆ OnRecalibratePressed()
| void BuildDialogUI.OnRecalibratePressed |
( |
| ) |
|
|
inline |
◆ m_fader
◆ m_impress
◆ m_state
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:


If you have any questions for our advisor, *advisor*, you can find him/her at *email link here*.
If you have questions for our club president, *whoever*, feel free to email him/her at *email*.
And if you're more comfortable talking to an officer of Best Buddies in person, come by Room ###! To find our next meeting, check out our Meetings page!
Thank you for checking us out! Please show us some support by checking out our social media:


tag:twitter.com,2013:423756080376995840 retweeted this. 2014-01-16T09:58:17 Markus Heurung tag:twitter.com,2013:muhh retweeted this.


--- title: Core keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar summary: "API details." description: "API details." nb_path: "00_core.ipynb" ---
out = run_bash('ls')
colab_setup()
Often, you want to create a new directory.
Even if all you have is a file path, you can now call mkdir_if_not_exists
to create the parent directory.
path = Path('testdir/test.txt')
assert not path.exists()
path.mkdir_if_not_exists()
assert not path.exists()
assert path.parent.exists()
path.parent.rmdir()
assert not path.parent.exists()


@situs-include(./layouts/page-header.html) @situs-data({ "title": "Icons - Marka" })
Marka currently have 36 icons ready to use and you can customize marka.css to pick icons based on your needs. If you have idea for next icon that should be included in Marka, feel free to tell me!
circle
square
triangle
minus
plus
times
check
asterisk
circle-minus
circle-plus
circle-times
circle-o
circle-o-filled
circle-o-times
circle-o-minus
circle-o-plus
square-minus
square-plus
square-times
square-check
square-o
square-o-filled
square-o-minus
square-o-plus
square-o-times
square-o-check
sort
sort-half
signal-three
signal-five
pause
angle
angle-double
arrow
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1st Year student studying a joint honours MEng in Mathematics and Computer Science at Imperial College London.
Expected 2021
Through working at John Lewis, I have been trained in the highest levels of customer service and had experience selling. Working in the café also taught me valuable transferable skills and taught me how one job can have many different aspects. The job has enhanced my communication ability and has trained me to excel in all aspects of retail. I have been allergen and food safety trained, till trained and barista trained in this role.
More recently I have been working as a tennis coach. This requires interacting on a personal level with parents letting them know what their children had achieved in their lesson. Learning key skills such as how to give good customer service.
Expected 2021
Maths - A
Mechanics - A
Computer Science - A
Physics - A
Apart from coding, I enjoy most of my time being outdoors, enojying the local beaches. I also spend a lot of my free time on the tennis court and playing football.
When it rains, which in Scotland is often, I enjoy going to the cinema to catch the latest films. Being a JMC student at imperial means that I also spend a lot of my time trying to solve maths problems, and also practise coding in various languages.


Using the Runtime List
Every time you generate results in the runtime list, Developer Xpress stores both the contents of the list and the selection those results were generated from.
Suppose that you navigate down a branch of the project hierarchy by double-clicking the directories proj, subproj, and foodir in the project hierarchy. As a result, the runtime list displays a list of files containing foo1.C through foo36.C. Developer Xpress stores the three directories in one buffer and the list of 36 files in another.
You can view the record of your navigation by clicking History in the toolbar. Developer Xpress displays the three directories in the runtime list, with the most recent selection at the top of the list.
Developer Xpress adds each set of results (including History results) to a separate buffer. You can navigate through the contents of this buffer by clicking Back or Forward in the toolbar.
This buffer wraps from one end to the other as you move back and forward.


Could US support for Israel lead to security deterioration?
Will issue of legality of Israeli settlements cause instability in the Middle East?
by Israel News Talk RadioRod Reuven Dovid Bryant and Jerry Gordon interview Dan Diker, Director of the Program to Counter Political Warfare at the Jerusalem Center for Public Affairs.
The occasion is the stunning policy ruling by US Secretary of State Mike Pompeo that Israeli settlements in the disputed territories of Judea and Samaria, aka the West Bank, were legal. The Secretary’s ruling was based on studies by international legal experts and scholars sponsored by the US State Department.
This policy ruling occurred on the cusp of the EU issuing an anti-Semitic BDS labelling requirement on Israeli products produced in the disputed territories of Judea and Samaria. Overall the reaction was positive in the Israeli body polity, according to Dan Diker.
It represented a positive assault against the delegitimization and general misunderstanding about the Israeli settlement presence in the disputed territories. The US history on the issue had varied starting in 1967 that recognized Israel’s right to defensible borders Under UN Res. 242.
However, over the past nearly 53 years there had been instances under Presidents Carter and Obama that took exception to Israel’s legal rights suggesting that building settlements was problematic. The most glaring example being the Obama Administration abstention on UN Security Council Resolution 2234 in December 2016 directed at curtailing construction of new settlements.
Diker thinks that Pompeo’s decision parallels Israeli law, especially the Edmund Levy opinion that re-established the legitimacy of settlements in the disputed territories for nearly 500,000 Israelis.
In his opinion, Pompeo’s ruling paves the way to apply Israeli law for Israeli settlements in Area C which cover 95 percent of the 500,000 population that resides by the 1967 "Green Line".


vim: ts=2 sw=2 sts=2 expandtab:cindent:formatoptions+=cro ------- --------- --------- --------- --------- ---------~
require "lib"
For simplicity’s sake, we’ll use the same cut
structure for cuts to both discrete and continuous
columns.
lo
and hi
are different.lo==hi
;stats
slot story statistics in that cutmu
slot to store the mean value of the class variable in that cutfunction cut(n, c,lo,hi)
return {stats=n, mu=n.mu, col=c,lo=lo, hi=hi} end
Given a lo
and hi
range, it is an engineering decision
if the range runs lo<x<hi
or lo<=x<=hi
or
lo<=x<hi
. Whatever, just define it once and use it
consistently throughout. Also, note one tiny detail
lo==hi
then this is a discrete cut (see above).function withinCut(x,lo,hi, out)
hi = hi or lo
if x =="?" then return false
elseif lo==hi then return x == lo
else return x>= lo and x<hi end
end
To find a number break, sort column c
then note that our cuts will be a the lo
and hi
and mid
(median) point.
symBreaks
since
discrete columns are already broken up into dsicrete values.function numBreaks(c,t, lo,mid,hi)
t = ksort(c,t)
lo,mid,hi = 1, math.floor(#t/2), #t
return t[lo][c], t[mid][c], t[hi][c]
end
For numberic column c
, collect statistics
about the goal variable (y
) above and below the
break (at the median point). This generates to
cuts
(one above, and one below).
function numCuts(t,c,goal,cuts,
lo,mid,hi,above,below,what,x,y)
lo,mid,hi = numBreaks(c,t.rows)
above = num()
below = num()
for _,cells in pairs(t.rows) do
x = cells[c]
y = cells[goal]
what = withinCut(x ,lo,mid) and below or above
numInc(what, y) end
cuts[ #cuts+1 ] = cut(below, c, lo, mid)
cuts[ #cuts+1 ] = cut(above, c, mid, hi)
end
For discrete column c
, collect statistics
about the goal variable (y
) see for each
value on the column. Create one seperate cut
for each different value in this column,
function symCuts(t,c,goal,cuts, tmp,x,y)
tmp = {}
for _,cells in pairs(t.rows) do
x = cells[c]
y = cells[goal]
tmp[x] = tmp[x] or num()
numInc( tmp[x], y )
end
for v,n in pairs(tmp) do
cuts[ #cuts+1 ] = cut(n,c,v,v) end
end
Generate cuts for each indendent column.
Sort them by their mu
score (which is
the mean of the goal variable seen in each cut).
function bestCut(t, cuts,goal)
cuts = {}
goal = #t.name
for c,name in pairs(t.name) do
if indep(t,c) then
if t.nums[c]
then numCuts(t,c,goal,cuts)
else symCuts(t,c,goal,cuts) end end end
cuts = ksort("mu", cuts)
return cuts[#cuts]
end
This is a minor detail- just create a pretty print for a cut
function fftClause(cut,t,pre, suffix)
suffix = cut.lo == cut.hi and "" or " < " .. cut.hi
print((pre or "if "), t.name[cut.col],"is",
cut.lo..suffix, "==>",math.floor(0.5+ 100*cut.mu))
end
Main program: Find the best cut, divide the data into (a) that which falls into the cut and (b) “otherwise”. Print out (a) and recurse on “otheriwse” (stopping after four levels)
function fft(t,d, pre,cut,otherwise,x,str)
d = d or 4
if d <= 0 then return true end
if #t.rows < Lean.fft.min then return true end
cut = bestCut(t)
fftClause(cut,t,pre)
otherwise = header(t.name)
for _,cells in pairs(t.rows) do
if not withinCut(cells[cut.col], cut.lo, cut.hi) then
row(otherwise, cells) end end
return fft(otherwise, d-1, "else")
end
function mainFft() fft(rows()) end
return {main=mainFft}


Parameter Types¶
Reference documentation for common parameter types expected by Vega-Lite specification properties.
Literal Values¶
# Any or *
Accepts any literal value, including a string, number, boolean, or null
.
#
Array or Type[]
Accepts array values. For example: []
, [1, 2, 3]
, ["foo", "bar"]
. If individual array items must adhere to a specific type, bracket notation – such as Number[]
or String[]
– is used to indicate the item type.
In most cases, arrays may also have signal references as items. For example: [{"signal": "width"}, {"signal": "height"}]
.
#
Boolean
Accepts boolean values. For example: true
, false
.
#
Color
Accepts a valid CSS color string. For example: #f304d3
, #ccc
, rgb(253, 12, 134)
, steelblue
.
#
DateTime
A DateTime object (in filter transform, scale domain, and axis/legend values) must have at least one of the following properties:
liqid template: like ".. altair-object-table::"
{% include table.html props="year,quarter,month,date,day,hours,minutes,seconds,milliseconds" source="DateTime" %}
For example {"year": 2006, "month": "jan", "date": 1}
represents Jan 1, 2006.
#
Expression
To enable custom calculations, Vega-Lite uses Vega’s expression language for writing basic formulas. Each datum object can be referred using bound variable datum
.
Please read the Vega documentation for expressions for details.
#
Number
Accepts number values. For example: 1
, 3.14
, 1e5
.
#
Object
Accepts object literals. For example: {"left":5, "right":30, "top":5, "bottom":50}
. The valid object property names and types will vary across parameters; read the individual parameter descriptions for more information.
#
String
Accepts string values. For example: "bold"
, "step-before"
, ""
.
#
URL
Accepts a valid URL string linking to external site or resource. For example: "data/stocks.csv"
, "images/logo.png"
, "https://vega.github.io/"
.