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The Open311 system in Chicago is a great resource for residents to easily report municipal issues in their neighborhood and be notified of those issues' resolution. However, entrenched bureaucracy is a powerful thing, and if your particular issue requires multiple departments to address, you may get stuck managing the undertaking yourself.
Share your story Read a real tale of 311 woe.
The best way to fix this is to show the city, clearly and in detail, the amount of money that is wasted each year by insular departments not communicating with each other. If you have a tale of woe, please take a few minutes and share it with us.


Judge to rule on state’s flavored vaping products ban
PROVIDENCE, R.I. (AP) - A judge is expected to rule on a challenge to Rhode Island’s ban on the sale of flavored vaping products.
Superior Court Judge Brian Stern is slated to rule Tuesday afternoon on a temporary restraining order sought by the Vapor Technology Association and the owner of RI e-Cig and Vapes.
The order would bar enforcement of the September ban.
The Washington-based industry group argues that only state lawmakers have authority to ban flavored vaping products. It also says the ban will hurt more than 400 local businesses licensed to sell e-cigarettes.
Gov. Gina Raimondo says she signed the executive order to protect children.
State health officials said last month that two residents have been treated for confirmed or probable cases of vaping-related lung illness.
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Resources
Virtual Machines for Replicable Computational Research
Virtual appliances, cloud computing, and reproducible research, Bill Howe, 2012.
Our approach to replication in computational science, C Titus Brown’s blog post about making his VM available for a 2012 paper.
Software tools
Software tools to facilitate research programming. Philip Guo, Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Computer Science, Stanford University, 2012.
Verifiable Computational Research. Includes A Universal Identifier for Computational Results.
Reprozip. A tool similar to CDE but focussed specifically on allowing reproduction of comptutational experiments.
HAL: The High-performance Algorithm Laboratory, University of British Columbia.
Sumatra by Andrew Davison. “Sumatra is a tool for managing and tracking projects based on numerical simulation and/or analysis, with the aim of supporting reproducible research”. Described in his paper Automated Capture of Experiment Context for Easier Reproducibility in Computational Research.
VisTrails “VisTrails is an open-source scientific workflow and provenance management system that provides support for simulations, data exploration and visualization.”
researchassistant Java library, by Daniel Ramage, described in his paper RA: Research Assistant for the Computational Sciences, 2007.
Org.mode, organising tool in Emacs by Carsten Dominik. Described in the paper A Multi-Language Computing Environment for Literate Programming and Reproducible Research
Reproducible Computational Research
Setting the Default to Reproducible, Feb 2013, Report on the ICERM Workshop on Reproducibility in Computational and Experimental Mathematics, December 2012. Very useful report with an Appendix full of advice and tool descriptions.
Replicability is not Reproducibility: Nor is it Good Science, Chris Drummond, 2009, paper.
Reproducible Research in Computational Science, Roger D Peng, Science, 2011, paper..
Computer Science: Accessible Reproducible Research, Jill P. Mesirov, Science, 2010, paper.
Reproducible Computational Research: A history of hurdles, mostly overcome, Jon Claerbout
The Reality of Reproducibility of in silico Science, Carole Goble, Keynote Address, 2012.
Do economics journal archives promote replicable research?, B.D. McCullough, Kerry Anne McGeary, Teresa D. Harrison, 2008, paper.
Reproducible Computational Research: The Challenges Ahead, Cameron Neylon et al, 2012, Editorial in Source Code for Biology and Medicine. Discussion about the journal “Open Research Computation”, a journal which never published a paper.
Reproducible Research: Tools and Strategies for Scientific Computing, guest editorial by Victoria Stodden for Special part Issue of Computers in Science and Engineering, 2012.
Reproducible Research, Special part Issue of Computers in Science and Engineering, 2009.
Reproducible Research in Signal Processing: What, why, and how, 2009.
Statistical Analyses and Reproducible Research, Gentleman and Temple Lang, 2004. Introduced the notion of a ‘compendium’.
Online Experiments
runMyCode, described in RunMyCode.org: A novel dissemination and collaboration platform for executing published computational results, 2012 paper.
IPOL Image Processing On Line journal. “Each article contains a text describing an algorithm and source code, with an online demonstration facility and an archive of online experiments.”
my Experiment. Social network site for storing experimental workflows.
Workflow 4ever. Project to make workflows replicable.
SHARE. Sharing Hosted Autonomous Research Environments.
- SHARE: a web portal for creating and sharing executable research papers, International Conference on Computational Science, ICCS 2011.
MLComp. Website for objectively comparing Machine Learning programs
Legal Issues and Licencing
The Legal Framework for Reproducible Scientific Research: Licensing and Copyright, Victoria Stodden, Computers in Science and Engineering, 2009. Preprint available.
Best Practice in Scientific Code
The Case for Open Computer Programs, Darrel C. Ince, Leslie Hatton & John Graham-Cumming, Nature Perspective, 2012
Publish your computer code: it is good enough, Nick Barnes, 2010, Nature column.
Empirical Methods in Computer Science
Computer science as empirical inquiry: symbols and search, Allen Newell and Herbert Simon, 1976, Turing Award lecture.
Empirical Methods for Artificial Intelligence, Paul Cohen, 1995, book.
Experimental Algorithmics
A Guide to Experimental Algorithmics, Catherine McGeoch, 2012, book, with companion website
Experimental Methods for the Analysis of Optimization Algorithms, eds. Thomas Bartz-Beielstein, Marco Chiarandini, Luís Paquete, Mike Preuss, book, 2010.
A Theoretician’s Guide to the Experimental Analysis of Algorithms, David S Johnson, 2001, paper.
How Not To Do It, Ian P Gent, Stuart A Grant, Ewan MacIntyre, Patrick Prosser, Paul Shaw, Barbara M Smith, Toby Walsh, 1997, Research Report. (Ewan MacIntyre was rather embarrassingly called “Ewen” on the title page!)
ACM Journal on Experimental Algorithmics, ongoing journal
“Submissions to JEA typically include an article, a suite of programs, and a collection of test data and computational results. Accepted submissions are placed on-line, with all code and data made public, so that accumulated contributions build a well tested and well documented library of discrete algorithms and data structures (as well as test cases and application examples), for use by researchers and practitioners alike.”
ALENEX: Algorithm Engineering and Experimentation, conference series
Reproducible Documents
Sweave, “Sweave is a tool that allows to embed the R code for complete data analyses in latex documents. The purpose is to create dynamic reports, which can be updated automatically if data or analysis change.”
Digital Preservation
Digital Preservation, USA.


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Treebank Statistics: UD_Romanian-Nonstandard: Features: Definite
This feature is universal.
It occurs with 2 different values: Def
, Ind
.
4398 tokens (21%) have a non-empty value of Definite
.
2038 types (55%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Definite
.
1170 lemmas (62%) occur at least once with a non-empty value of Definite
.
The feature is used with 6 part-of-speech tags: NOUN (3317; 16% instances), PROPN (569; 3% instances), ADJ (340; 2% instances), DET (87; 0% instances), PRON (68; 0% instances), NUM (17; 0% instances).
NOUN
3317 NOUN tokens (100% of all NOUN
tokens) have a non-empty value of Definite
.
The most frequent other feature values with which NOUN
and Definite
co-occurred: Case=Acc,Nom (2921; 88%), Number=Sing (2415; 73%), Gender=Masc (1660; 50%).
NOUN
tokens may have the following values of Definite
:
Def
(1817; 55% of non-emptyDefinite
): ucenicii, fiiul, împărățiia, tatăl, casa, ceriurelor, cuvîntul, muma, numele, oamenilorInd
(1500; 45% of non-emptyDefinite
): Doamne, adevăr, ceriu, om, casă, pămînt, mare, oameni, pîini, apăEMPTY
(1): neamure
| Paradigm om | Ind | Def |
|---|---|---|
| Case=Acc,Nom|Number=Sing | om | omul |
| Case=Acc,Nom|Number=Plur | oameni | oamenii |
| Case=Dat,Gen|Number=Sing | omului | |
| Case=Dat,Gen|Number=Plur | oamenilor |
PROPN
569 PROPN tokens (100% of all PROPN
tokens) have a non-empty value of Definite
.
The most frequent other feature values with which PROPN
and Definite
co-occurred: Number=Sing (569; 100%), Case=Acc,Nom (528; 93%), Gender=Masc (519; 91%).
PROPN
tokens may have the following values of Definite
:
Def
(103; 18% of non-emptyDefinite
): Iisus, Chira, Galilea, Iona, Isaia, Iuda, Dumnedzăul, Ezechiia, Galileiului, IsaiiaInd
(466; 82% of non-emptyDefinite
): Iisus, Hristos, Ioan, Dumnedzău, Pătru, Dumnedzeu, Irod, Iacov, David, Dumnezeu
| Paradigm Iisus | Ind | Def |
|---|---|---|
| Iisus | Iisus |
ADJ
340 ADJ tokens (100% of all ADJ
tokens) have a non-empty value of Definite
.
The most frequent other feature values with which ADJ
and Definite
co-occurred: Degree=Pos (340; 100%), Case=Acc,Nom (318; 94%), Number=Sing (272; 80%), Gender=Masc (202; 59%).
ADJ
tokens may have the following values of Definite
:
Def
(7; 2% of non-emptyDefinite
): Mândrul, SFÎNTA, bune, marelui, pățitul, sînta, viitoriulInd
(333; 98% of non-emptyDefinite
): mare, omenesc, bună, bun, rău, bune, mici, destoinic, verde, reale
| Paradigm bun | Ind | Def |
|---|---|---|
| Case=Acc,Nom|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | bun, Bunu | |
| Case=Acc,Nom|Gender=Fem | Bună | |
| Case=Acc,Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Sing | bună | |
| Case=Acc,Nom|Gender=Fem|Number=Plur | bune | bune |
| Case=Voc|Gender=Masc|Number=Sing | bune | |
| Gender=Masc|Number=Plur | buni |
Definite
seems to be lexical feature of ADJ
. 97% lemmas (121) occur only with one value of Definite
.
DET
87 DET tokens (11% of all DET
tokens) have a non-empty value of Definite
.
The most frequent other feature values with which DET
and Definite
co-occurred: Case=Dat,Gen (87; 100%), Gender=EMPTY (87; 100%), Number=Sing (87; 100%), Number[psor]=EMPTY (87; 100%), Person=EMPTY (87; 100%), Poss=EMPTY (87; 100%), PronType=Art (87; 100%).
DET
tokens may have the following values of Definite
:
Def
(87; 100% of non-emptyDefinite
): luiEMPTY
(717): tău, un, o, mieu, tot, a, ce, toată, ta, mea
PRON
68 PRON tokens (3% of all PRON
tokens) have a non-empty value of Definite
.
The most frequent other feature values with which PRON
and Definite
co-occurred: Case=Acc,Nom (68; 100%), Number=Sing (68; 100%), Person=3 (68; 100%), PronType=Int,Rel (68; 100%), Reflex=EMPTY (68; 100%), Strength=EMPTY (68; 100%), Gender=Masc (45; 66%).
PRON
tokens may have the following values of Definite
:
Def
(68; 100% of non-emptyDefinite
): carele, careaEMPTY
(2589): să, lui, ce, el, lor, ei, -l, te, voao, -i
NUM
17 NUM tokens (12% of all NUM
tokens) have a non-empty value of Definite
.
The most frequent other feature values with which NUM
and Definite
co-occurred: NumForm=Word (17; 100%), Case=Acc,Nom (12; 71%), NumType=Card (12; 71%), Number=Sing (12; 71%), Gender=Fem (11; 65%).
NUM
tokens may have the following values of Definite
:
Def
(1; 6% of non-emptyDefinite
): treileaInd
(16; 94% of non-emptyDefinite
): mie, sută, dentîi, mii, un, întăiEMPTY
(120): doi, trei, cinci, două, șapte, doao, nouă, doisprăzeace, patru, întîi
Relations with Agreement in Definite
The 10 most frequent relations where parent and child node agree in Definite
:
NOUN –[nmod]–> NOUN (283; 79%),
NOUN –[conj]–> NOUN (169; 88%),
NOUN –[amod]–> ADJ (114; 57%),
PROPN –[conj]–> PROPN (28; 85%),
NOUN –[appos]–> NOUN (20; 65%),
ADJ –[conj]–> ADJ (18; 100%),
NOUN –[nsubj]–> NOUN (18; 62%),
NOUN –[orphan]–> NOUN (8; 62%),
NOUN –[obl]–> NOUN (6; 55%),
NOUN –[appos]–> PROPN (4; 100%).


Temple Inspector:
Who are you? We don't allow just anybody to enter this place...
If you have questions, ask
Inspector Sinai
.


You awake a few hours later, and are informed of your defeat. Oh well, there is always next year!


Ventas: 3 Reasons Why Now Is The Time To Buy This 5.4% Yielding Super SWAN
by Brad ThomasSummary
- Reason #1: The current bear market was expected.
- Reason #2: Very safe 5.4% yield + industry-leading management + demographic tailwinds in the 2020s = likely long-term success.
- Reason #3:Valuation is now reasonable, creating double-digit long-term return potential.
This article was coproduced with Dividend Sensei and edited by Brad Thomas.
As value investors it's our job to both point out when a top-quality dividend stock is a reasonable to great buy, but also when Super SWANs like Ventas Inc. (VTR) are overvalued and thus a "hold" until they return to fair value or better.
On July 8 we published an article explaining why we're bullish on this 11/11 quality Super SWAN REIT, but it was overvalued, lacking a margin of safety, and priced as if nothing could go wrong with its long-term growth plans.
Ventas Total Returns Since Our Last Article
(Source: Ycharts)
We're not market timers, nor do we have a crystal ball. We are simply fundamental and valuation-focused investors who know market history and that overvalued companies always become fairly or undervalued in the future.
Ventas has now fallen 21% from its 52-week high of $75.4 when it was grossly overvalued. However, this 5.4% yielding REIT is now back to reasonable levels. That means it has the potential to deliver its historical returns in the future.
Ventas Total Return Since 1998
(Source: Portfolio Visualizer) portfolio 1 = VTR
Ventas is a proven market beater, which is true of all 48 Super SWANs on the Dividend Kings 265 company Master List.
Despite a ghastly 79% plunge from 1998 to 2000 (during the Medicare/Medicaid regulatory shift-induced healthcare "apocalypse") Ventas has managed to nearly double the market's historical returns over the last 21 years.
It did that with 75% lower long-term volatility, making it one of the most stable high-yield income sources on Wall Street. That's likely why the stock got into such a bubble when low rates and rising recession risk caused "low rate = bond alternative" yield chasers to foolishly overpay for this modestly-growing REIT.
So let's take a look at the three reasons we're initiating a starter position in Ventas, despite the recent earnings miss induced bear market.
In fact, learn why, from today's "good buy" valuation, Ventas is likely to deliver 10% to 11% CAGR total returns, significantly outperform the S&P 500, and represents a reasonable and prudent source of generous, safe and steadily growing income in all economic and market environments.
Reason 1: The Current Bear Market Was Expected
(Source: F.A.S.T Graphs, FactSet Research)
Margin of safety is essential to avoiding unnecessary risks (see risk section) because companies don't succeed because nothing goes wrong, but despite something always, inevitably going wrong.
For Ventas that something was a disappointing earnings report in which its SHOP segment saw 5% SS NOI declines.
(Source: investor presentation)
The Senior Housing it operates (US SHOP portfolio) was the major reason for Ventas' earnings miss and almost 10% single-day crash. While the company did report positive SS NOI growth overall, courtesy of strong results in triple-net lease senior housing and medical offices, mid-line guidance for 2019 declined to -6% FFO growth and flat for 2020.
Operating expenses rose 1.8%, as labor cost pressures continue to mount due to the tightest job market in 50 years.
It's important to put Ventas' current bear market in the proper context.
Ventas Peak Declines Since 1998
(Source: Portfolio Visualizer) portfolio 1 = VTR
This is merely the 6 largest peak decline the REIT has faced since 1998. During the CMS Medicare changes of 1998 to 2000 Skilled Nursing Facilities were decimated by a wave of bankruptcies in the industry's largest operators.
(Source: CMS)
How much was Ventas devastated by those changes? FFO/share fell 16% and the dividend was slashed an entire 4%. Ventas traded at a peak yield of 28% back then and just 2.5 times cash flow. Brave contrarian value investors who were greedy at this time of peak pessimism were richly rewarded with 20% CAGR total returns since then.
(Source: F.A.S.T Graphs, FactSet Research)
During the Financial Crisis, when credit markets slammed shut and 87% of REITs were so overleveraged they had to cut or suspend dividends entirely, Ventas froze but maintained its $1.8 annual dividend. Ventas' dividend track record now includes 19 years without a dividend cut and nine consecutive years of annual payout growth.
When the stock bottomed in early 2009 at a 9.5% yield and 7.4 times cash flow, smart high-yield investors were able to lock in exceptional long-term income and total returns.
(Source: F.A.S.T Graphs, FactSet Research)
The point is that Ventas has been through far worse struggles than it's now facing, and its long-term thesis remains firmly intact.
Reason 2: Very Safe 5.4% Yield + Industry Leading Management + Demographic Tailwinds In the 2020s = Likely Long-Term Success
The biggest reason that all the Dividend Kings still have confidence in Ventas is the quality of its management.
The Harvard Business Review has called CEO Debra Cafaro one of America’s top 100 CEOs for the past six consecutive years. In 2019 she was ranked the 29th best CEO in America and just one of 14 CEOs to make the list every single year since it began in 2014. That's because Harvard estimates that VTR's financial performance was in the top 4% of all US corporations this year (in terms of profitability).
National Real Estate Investor calls Cafaro the best female executive in all of Commercial Real Estate. And the Financial Times considers her one of the best 50 female CEOs in the entire world, in any industry.
The rest of its top investment executives have collectively been with the REIT for 44 years and have more than 100 years of industry experience. They are led by CIO John Cobb, who has been with Ventas for almost 10 years and overseen more than $25 billion in profitable investments for the REIT.
In other words, there's no healthcare REIT management team more skilled at adapting and overcoming challenging market conditions than the world-class professionals running Ventas.
This management team has been through very tough times before, and management always found a way to overcome those growth headwinds.
(Source: investor presentation)
This is merely the third turnaround Ventas has undertaken, always striving to improve its asset base to fit the needs of current and future market conditions.
Morningstar's Kevin Brown concurs with such high praise for Ventas management, calling it "exemplary," explaining:
Ventas’ management team has demonstrated great foresight in the industry and has made smart investment and capital allocation decisions that have benefited shareholders... We believe that Ventas will be leaders in the senior housing, medical office, life science and hospital industries over the next decade." - Morningstar (emphasis added)
The smart capital allocations that have won Ventas so many accolades include strategic diversification which Ventas has been undertaking for the last 20 years.
(Source: investor presentation)
US SHOP represents 25% of VTR's NOI and 8% is from its Canadian senior housing properties where SS NOI grew 3% in Q3. This highlights the smart strategy management has made in recent years to diversify its operations, including spinning off its skilled nursing facilities which have been the hardest hit in recent years from federal healthcare policy changes.
(Source: investor presentation)
It should be pointed out that VTR is not the only healthcare REIT struggling with senior housing. It actually reported the third best results in the industry in Q3, and lower quality rivals like HCP experienced -7.4% SS NOI growth. Low-quality yield traps like SNH saw their SNH results fall off a cliff.
The key to riding out down cycles in any industry is having a quality asset base, leased to strong industry operators and a skilled management team that can adapt to challenging market conditions. Ventas has exactly such a management team and the deepest pockets to finance the necessary adjustments required to wait out today's troubled SNH environment until a strong demographic wave finally arrives in the 2020s.
(Source: Hoya Capital Real Estate)
The growth rate in 80-year-old-plus Americans is expected to more than double, from 2% in 2019 to over 5% in 2027. 4% long-term growth in this demographic, that has the highest demand for healthcare in general, and senior housing, in particular, will nearly double the potential customer base by 2035.
Until then Ventas is doing what it has to in order to stabilize US SHOP, including lowering rates to keep occupancy high and maximize cash flow.
(Source: investor presentation)
The demographic profile of Senior Housing properties Ventas owns is strong, with good growth expected in the markets in which it operates through 2024.
In June 2019 Ventas paid $1.8 billion for 29 Canadian SNH properties (and five under construction) from Montreal-based Le Groupe Maurice or LGM.
I'd also highlight our Canadian portfolio, which increased occupancy 40 basis points to 94.2% and grew NOI at a robust 4.7%. This performance underscores the health of the Canadian senior housing market, which now represents nearly 25% of the SHOP portfolio NOI posts our closing of LGM." - CFO Bob Probst
In Canada, SNH is far healthier due to a lack of overcapacity and thus about 6% higher occupancy.
(Source: investor presentation)
Ventas has invested $3.8 billion year to date, all of it in thriving industries (not US SHOP or senior housing). This clearly shows that management aims to keep diversifying into the strongest parts of the healthcare market.
In 2010 Ventas paid $5.3 billion for Lillibridge, giving the REIT its first toehold in the fast-growing and thriving medical office buildings or MOB industry.
(Source: investor presentation)
Today Ventas owns 359 MOBs, making up nearly 33% of its 1,200 total properties in the US and Canada.
YTD MOB SS NOI is up 2.9% and in Q3 that accelerated to 3.7%. SS NOI growth guidance for full-year 2019 was raised to 2.0% to 2.5% thanks to strong execution on locking in new contracts with leading research institutions such as Penn State, Washington University, Duke and Brown.
In 2016 Ventas bought Wexford Life Sciences, a leading research facility operator, for $3.6 billion. Ventas' research growth pipeline stands at $1.5 billion today, and that business' results were a blowout in Q3.
"Our R&I business which now exceeds six million square feet, led the way for office in the third quarter, increasing same-store cash NOI by a stellar 10.6%. Occupancy increased 290 basis points on strong lease-up at our Wake Forest assets while revenue per occupied square foot increased 7.6%." - VTR CFO
Research labs are reported under the office segment, and Ventas has focused $2 billion of its $3.8 billion YTD investments on those faster growing and thriving industries. $900 million of those investments are into research facilities that averaged 9.8% SS NOI growth over the last five quarters.
(Source: investor presentation)
When it first got into research facilities in 2016 the properties VTR bought already had a strong 94.1% occupancy. Today that's risen to 97% and many of its properties are starting to hit 100% occupancy so that could keep rising in the future. What's more, Ventas also is improving the credit quality of its tenant base, with the percentage of investment-grade research tenants rising from 74% in 2016 to 79% in Q3 2019.
(Source: investor presentation)
VTR's research tenants aren't just strong, they literally are the top-funded research institutions in the country and many have A-credit ratings from S&P. Combined VTR's research tenants account for 10% of all NIH medical funding.
And Ventas has only bought research facilities in 12 states so far. Here are just some of the research universities that management thinks it can work with in the future
- University of Michigan
- University of California San Francisco
- University of Washington
- University of California San Diego
- Johns Hopkins
(Source: investor presentation)
It's precisely for those research universities, the juggernauts of medical academia, that Ventas is investing $2.4 billion into five new facilities that will be completed by 2022. When they are fully stabilized by 2024, management expects to earn 7%-plus cash yields on investment.
That's vs a weighted cash cost of capital of 4.7%, meaning Ventas will be making attractive 2%-plus investment spreads on those facilities. Better yet? The research universities it's already partnered with have $3.6 billion worth of land that can be used to build more research facilities, and VTR would be the one to build those.
Any new relationships it strikes with the likes of UC San Diego or Johns Hopkins will only further expand the growth and shadow project backlog.
Why is Ventas investing so heavily into top-quality offices and research facilities?
Because 97% of these properties are part of nation-spanning health networks with the strongest healthcare operators in the country. 87% of MOB NOI is from tenants with investment-grade counterparties, reducing the risk of cash flow disruption during a recession.
(Source: investor presentation)
In fact, 20% of its MOB rent comes from outpatient properties leased to tenants with A+ or higher credit ratings from S&P, and 96% of its hospitals (also reported under office segment) are rated "stable" to "very strong" by S&P.
87% of its office space is leased out to specialists, the fastest-growing part of the MOB market.
(Source: investor presentation)
Ventas' MOB and research facilities tend to be leased under very long-term contracts, with some of the best medical universities in the country.
"Among our key accomplishments in the quarter where execution of a 30-year lease with Drexel University for its new School of Nursing and Health Professions with an expected yield of nearly 10%, and the expansion of our footprint in the burgeoning used city market where our assets are currently 98% occupied." - VTR CEO, Q3 conference call
The point is that while 54% of cash flow is currently coming from the struggling senior housing business, that will eventually change as Ventas focuses its growth plans on MOB, research labs, and hospitals.
And let's not forget that it was only US SHOP, 25% of cash flow that struggled in Q3.
"On to triple net where same-store cash NOI increased by 2.1% for the third quarter driven by annual rent escalators across our diversified portfolio. Trailing 12-month EBITDAR and cash flow coverage for our overall stabilized triple net lease portfolio for the second quarter of 2019, the latest available information was stable at 1.5 times. Coverage in our triple-net senior housing, post-acute, and health system assets also held firm with the prior quarter... we're raising our full year 2019 same-store cash NOI triple net guidance to now range from 2% to 2.5%." - VTR CFO (emphasis added)
Ventas likely just needs sufficient time to improve its asset base, which includes potential asset sales for some of its weakest US SHOP facilities in struggling secondary markets.
(Source: investor presentation)
Secondary SHOP properties represent 21% of the portfolio but accounted for 44% of the decline in Q3's YOY NOI decline.
(Source: investor presentation)
Ventas has sold $365 million worth of properties (18 in total, mostly lower-quality SNH). That's part of its capital recycling program, which management says will include $600 million in dispositions in 2019 at an average cap rate of 6.7%.
(Source: investor presentation)
The lowest SNH supply growth in nine years in Q3 indicates that 2019 is likely to be the bottom for the industry, as demand growth finally catches up due to strong demographic tailwinds.
(Source: investor presentation)
More importantly, by 2021 new supply growth for the industry is expected to fall another 35%, including a 15% decline next year.
This is why even pessimistic analysts expect Ventas to stabilize its FFO and AFFO/share next year, following an 8% peak decline since 2017.
Now it's true that VTR's AFFO payout ratio is expected to peak at 93% in 2019, due to that 6% decline in cash flow per share. That means analysts expect Ventas to retain about $92 million in post dividend cash flow this year.
The good news is that Ventas is a master of using profitable asset sales and safe levels of low-cost debt to fund its turnarounds and return to growth.
"We were active in the debt capital markets in the third quarter. We extended our average debt maturity to nearly seven years and managed interest rate risk via issuance of $650 million of 3% senior notes to 2030 which were used to retire $600 million of 4.25% notes due 2022. To manage currency risk from the close of the LGM transaction, we also closed the CAD 500 million unsecured bank term loan at attractive pricing. Our net debt to adjusted EBITDA ratio is 5.9 times at quarter-end." - VTR CFO
Ventas has a very strong balance sheet that allows it to continue delivering very safe dividends even with a temporarily elevated AFFO payout ratio.
- 5.9 leverage vs 6.2 industry average and 6.0 safe level
- Interest coverage: 4.3 vs 3.1 industry average, 2.0 safe and 1.5 debt covenants
- 51% debt to capital vs 60% safe for this industry
- BBB+ stable credit rating
The balance sheet, tied for the best in the industry, is why VTR was recently able to sell 11-year bonds at 3% and refinance already low-cost 4.25% debt. Its global diversification also helps it because on Nov. 5 Ventas sold five-year Canadian bonds at just 2.8% interest rates.
Ventas has average interest costs of 3.5% and those are likely to keep falling as it refinances further in our low-rate environment.
(Source: investor presentation)
Ventas has well staggered long-term debt maturities, with no major bonds coming due until 2022 when analysts expect its growth to be back up to 4%.
Basically Dividend Kings continues to have confidence in Ventas as a great high-yield dividend growth investment because
- It has the best management team in the industry (and the 29th best CEO in America)
- The greatest access to low-cost capital to finance its growth/diversification efforts
- A long runway of growth projects in MOB, research, and hospitals
- Secular demographic trends that will likely greatly increase demand for healthcare through at least 2040 but possibly far beyond
- A very safe 5.4% yielding dividend that pays you to wait out the current pessimism
But those are just the fundamental reasons Dividend Kings' Fortress portfolio is buying Ventas. There's one final one that seals the deal for us in making our decision to add this Super SWAN REIT to our Fortress portfolio.
Reason 3: Valuation Is Now Reasonable, Creating Double-Digit Long-Term Return Potential
At this recent peak, Ventas was 18% overvalued and thus at increased risk that a short-term disappointment could send its share price crashing. Today Ventas has become reasonably priced based on the market-determined long-term multiples that investors have paid for its dividends and various forms of cash flow.
Ventas Valuation Matrix
| Metric | Market-Determined Fair Value Multiple | 2019 Fair Value | 2020 Fair Value | 2021 Fair Value |
| 5-Year Dividend Yield | 4.67% | $68 | $68 | $69 |
| 13-Year Dividend Yield | 4.89% | $65 | $65 | $66 |
| 25-Year Average Yield | 6.34% | NA | NA | NA |
| PE | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| P/Owner Earnings (Buffett FCF) | NA | NA | NA | NA |
| P/FFO | 15.7 | $60 | $61 | $62 |
| P/AFFO | 17.0 | $58 | $58 | $59 |
| P/EBITDA | 12.0 | $63 | $65 | $71 |
| P/EBIT | 21.8 | $56 | $58 | $63 |
| EV/EBITDA | 12.0 | $63 | $65 | $71 |
| Average | $62 | $63 | $66 |
(Sources: F.A.S.T Graphs, FactSet Research, Reuters', Gurufocus, YieldChart)
Here is Ventas' growth profile.
- FactSet long-term growth consensus: 1.4% CAGR (likely too pessimistic)
- Reuters' five-year CAGR growth consensus: -0.5% CAGR (definitely too pessimistic)
- YCharts long-term growth consensus: 4.2% CAGR (likely realistic)
- Long-term historical growth: 5.5% CAGR over 20 years, rolling growth range -2% to 9% CAGR
- realistic long-term growth range: 2% to 7% CAGR
- Historical fair value (for use in total return modeling): 14 to 16 times FFO
(Source: investor presentation)
Management's previous 5% to 7% long-term growth guidance might still be attainable if VTR were to make some big M&A moves. I consider 5% long-term growth the low end of guidance, to be reasonable though it would be backloaded with most growth occurring in 2023 and 2024.
The essence of historical valuation analysis is that a company can grow at its historically normal rate. If that holds true then a stock is very likely to return to fair value multiples of the past.
Even factoring in the very weak growth expected from the eight analysts that cover this REIT over the next few years, Ventas is likely to achieve similar growth rates as it has over the past decade (4.7% CAGR).
- 2018 (actual): -2%
- 2019 consensus (based on management's latest guidance): -6% growth
- 2020 consensus: 0% growth
- 2021 consensus: 2% growth
- 2022 consensus: 4% growth
As you can see Ventas' growth rate is expected to go through one of its slower periods between 2017 and 2020 as management adapts to changing industry conditions.
But Ventas isn't some dying REIT whose business model has failed but is expected to see stabilization and accelerating growth through 2022. Ventas' flat growth in 2020 means that investors have to be patient as the secular demographics backing up its strong asset base ramp up in the early to mid-2020s.
Are we saying that VTR is a screaming buy right now? No. We base the strength of my recommendations on a company's margin of safety, adjusted for quality and risk.
| Quality Score | Margin Of Safety Required For Reasonable Buy | Margin Of Safety For Good Buy | Margin Of Safety For Strong Buy | Margin Of Safety For Very Strong Buy |
| 7 (average quality) | 0% | 20% | 30% | 40% |
| 8 (above average quality) | 0% | 15% | 25% | 35% |
| 9 (blue chip quality) | 0% | 10% | 20% | 30% |
| 10 (Sleep Well At Night quality) | 0% | 5% | 15% | 25% |
| 11 (Super SWAN quality) | 0% | 0% | 10% | 20% |
Here are the prices near which Ventas goes from a good buy to a strong and very strong buy.
| Classification | Discount To Fair Value | 2019 Price | 2020 Price | 2021 Price |
| Reasonable Buy | 0% | $62 | $63 | $66 |
| Good Buy | 0% | $62 | $63 | $66 |
| Strong Buy | 10% | $56 | $57 | $59 |
| Very Strong Buy | 20% | $50 | $50 | $53 |
Why do we select these particular margins of safety for my stronger conviction buy recommendations? Because those discounts to fair value are what can deliver both generous and very safe income as well as solid returns even during periods of negative growth.
Ventas Returns From Strong Buy Valuation During -8% Growth Period
(Source: F.A.S.T Graphs, FactSet Research)
For example, in January 2018, before the last REIT bear market had bottomed, Ventas was about 10% undervalued and trading at 13.5 times cash flow. It's now back to fair value following its 21% recent bear market.
Yet investors have still enjoyed 8.2% CAGR total returns over nearly two years. That doesn't sound that impressive but during that time VTR's FFO/share actually shrank 8%.
When you buy a top-quality dividend stock at a sufficient margin of safety, you can make money even if its results are disappointing in the short term.
Why is Ventas a "very strong-buy" at a 20% discount to fair value or more? Because that translates to about 12 times FFO on VTR, which historically is near its severe bear market bottom range.
During the 2016 to 2018 REIT bear market, VTR fell as much as 37% and bottomed at 11.7 times FFO, a very safe 6.5% yield and was about 22% undervalued.
(Source: F.A.S.T Graphs, FactSet Research)
Remember that between 2018 and 2019 VTR's FFO/share is expected to shrink about 8%. Yet even after a 21% crash, VTR investors who bought this wonderful company at a wonderful price have still seen 33% total returns over two years, an 18.1% CAGR total return.
(Source: YCharts)
In fact, Ventas from a "very strong-buy" valuation has nearly doubled the broader market's total return and matched the red hot REIT sector's results. And that was during a period of -8% cash flow growth.
That is the power of combining quality, steady dividend growth, and strong valuation, all proven alpha-factor strategies that historically deliver market-beating total returns.
7 Proven Marketing Beating Strategies Over Time
(Source: Ploutos)
In fact, Ventas, with a historical beta of 0.25, is also a low volatility stock, which means it combines four alpha-factor strategies in one high-yield investment. If you buy it at the right price then Ventas can match its historical 13% CAGR total return.
But didn't we just say that Ventas is merely a good buy right now? Because it's 5% undervalued relative to this year's fair value and 6% based on 2020's expected results?
Indeed it is, so here's what Ventas' growth profile of 2% to 7% long-term growth can likely deliver.
(Source: F.A.S.T Graphs, FactSet Research)
Ventas growing at the slow end of its growth range, in-line with its own history, and returning to a P/FFO of 14 (slightly below where it sits now), would still deliver about 7% CAGR total returns.
The most bullish major asset manager is BlackRock and expects 7% CAGR total returns over the coming years. Most analysts expect far less and the consensus is for just 2.6% CAGR total returns from the S&P 500.
Compared to 3% to 7% CAGR returns from the broader market (Dividend Kings estimates 6% to 6.5%) Ventas' conservative return forecast is actually attractive.
Here's the base case Dividend Kings has for Ventas, 5% long-term growth, and a return to its mid-range FFO multiple of 15.
(Source: F.A.S.T Graphs, FactSet Research)
Ventas achieving the low end of management guidance can still deliver 11% CAHR total return potential. If it grows 4%, 1% slower than management guidance, then it's likely to deliver 10% CAGR total returns, beating the market while delivering very safe 5.4% yield that grows at a slow rate.
Dividend Kings' Fortress Portfolio targets double-digit long-term returns, and now that VTR is trading at a good valuation and able to deliver that, we're adding a starter position in this Super SWAN REIT.
Why just a starter position and not a full one (3% of our portfolio)? Because Ventas may not yet be done falling due to its risk profile.
Risks To Consider
Ventas' fundamental risks include continued oversupply in senior housing as well as a tightening labor market resulting in continued weakness in its US SHOP business, which accounts for 25% of NOI.
(Source: Hoya Capital Real Estate)
54% of total cash flow is from senior housing, and as you can see, while demand growth for this industry is expected to be high, and customer stays are long, supply growth also has been rising quickly.
(Source: Hoya Capital Real Estate)
Ventas has done a great job in diversifying into more stable and faster-growing industries such as hospitals, medical office buildings and research labs in recent years. However, it's going to be a few years before senior housing turns around and that will weigh on its growth in the medium term.
(Source: Hoya Capital Real Estate)
The SNH industry has continued to overbuild, with supply growth expected to run about 3.5% CAGR between 2015 and 2020.
While SNH has far less exposure to government healthcare regulatory risk (SNFs are the most exposed to that while SNH is mostly privately/insurance funded), the simple law of supply and demand hasn't been kind to VTR's triple-net-lease or SHOP SNH properties.
(Source: Hoya Capital Real Estate)
The good news is that occupancy has finally started to stabilize nationwide in SNH, though continued oversupply and private payers are pushing back on costs, resulting in modest rent growth for the industry in Q2.
Wage growth from a tight labor market is going to be another fundamental concern for VTR's SHOP business.
According to Charles Schwab, 107,000 net new monthly jobs are required to keep up with population growth. Anything above this causes unemployment to fall, and wage growth to continue its steady decade long upward trend.
According to the Bureau of Labor Statistics, In October the rolling three-month job creation average hit 176,000, and it would have been about 190,000 factoring out the 42,000 temporary job losses from the GM strike which is now over. 167,000 is the 2019 average, meaning that job growth has actually been accelerating in recent months, as trade deal optimism and falling recession risk boost business and consumer confidence a bit.
Another risk to keep in mind is that about 12% of its triple-net lease senior housing rent (about 2% of total NOI) is from weaker tenants with sub 1.1 rent coverage ratios.
(Source: investor presentation)
1.1 is considered the minimum level necessary to avoid operator distress should the SNH downturn continue longer than expected. A 2% decline in NOI in a worst-case scenario wouldn't break VTR's safe dividend thesis by any means. But it might result in a potential 1% to 2% FFO/share decline next year and would push off the turnaround schedule even more.
Which brings us to valuation and volatility risk. This is where proper portfolio construction and risk management comes into play.
Ventas is down 21% from its highs, but merely slightly undervalued. It could well fall further because the "low rates" bubble that caused Wall Street to ignore its fundamental risks has now popped.
Euphoria can turn to extreme pessimism in a hurry, and thus it's possible that Ventas' P/FFO might not stop at 15 but fall even lower. We've already seen how volatile Ventas can be in times of extreme stress, like the SNF "apocalypse" and Financial Crisis.
But even since 2009, it's suffered plenty of volatility including several one-month corrections.
| Month | VTR Decline | S&P 500 | Starting P/FFO | Overvaluation |
| May 2013 | -10.4% | 2.3% | 21.5 | 30% |
| November 2013 | -12.9% | 3.0% | 16.2 | 7% |
| August 2015 | -28.8% | -6.0% | 19.2 | 22% |
| November 2016 | -10.8% | 3.7% | 16.7 | 10% |
| February 2018 | -13.7% | -3.7% | 13.5 | -10% |
| October 2019 | -10.9% | 2.2% | 18.7 | 20% |
(Source: Portfolio Visualizer)
You'll note that Ventas' single month corrections don't line up well with broader market declines. They do, however, line up nicely with periods of overvaluation.
The terminal phase of Ventas' 2016 to 2018 bear market saw it crash even from a 10% discount due to REIT investor hysteria over rising interest rates.
While long-term rates have nothing to do with VTR's fundamentals (it's grown strongly even with 10-year yields at nearly 7%) during periods of pessimism and fear like we have today the "rates up REITs down" theme might weigh on the stock.
(Source: YCharts)
As recession risk has fallen from 48% (per the bond market and Cleveland Fed) to 26% on trade deal optimism and signs of a stabilizing economy, 10-year yields have rallied from 1.47% or nearly 30%.
If we get a phase one trade deal in November, which Reuters' reports as "more likely than not" then recession fears could abate even more. Factor in the steadily tighter job market and it's possible that rates could go a bit higher.
Michael Schumacher, director of rates strategy at Wells Fargo, wrote on Nov. 5 that he thinks the 10-year yield could end the year at 2%. Jim Caron, portfolio manager at Morgan Stanley Investment Management, also thinks 2% 10-year yields might be appropriate for our current economic fundamentals, though rates might overshoot to 2.15% or so.
Would that represent any fundamental reason not to buy Ventas? Absolutely not. JPMorgan CEO Jamie Dimon famously predicted 10-year yields of 5% in September of 2018. That was the top and rates then were cut in half over the next year.
Any short-term weakness in Ventas caused by a potential spike in long-term rates is merely a good buying opportunity that we would use to add to our position at ever more attractive levels.
For each 5% VTR (or any stock) decline it's five-year CAGR total return potential rises by about 1%.
Dividend Kings doesn't market time, but merely tries to make reasonable and prudent weekly buys that fulfill our portfolio goals.
Buying Ventas, a wonderful company at a fair price, is a great way for us to achieve Fortress' mission of maximizing safe income as well as likely achieving market beating-double digit returns over time.
Bottom Line: Ventas Is Now A Good Buy After The Correction We Warned Was Coming
Falling rates caused Ventas, as well as most low volatility long-term lease oriented (defensive) REITs to fly into a bubble in 2019. On July 8 we warned income investors to wait for a return to fair value before investing in this Super SWAN.
Since then Ventas has fallen into a bear market, surprising no one who has any sense of valuation, risk management or market history.
Ventas' disappointing Q3 results were entirely a result of its US SHOP portfolio, which accounts for 25% of cash flow, a figure that is steadily declining. The best management team in the industry, led by one of the greatest CEOs in all of Corporate America, has a logical plan to stabilize SHOP in the medium term, return it to growth in the future, and continue diversifying into faster-growing and thriving businesses.
Ventas' long-term capital allocation track record is exceptional. Dividend Kings (including Brad Thomas) are confident that from today's slight discount to fair value Ventas can deliver not just a very safe 5.4% yield that grows slowly over time, but also double-digit long-term returns.
This is why Dividend Kings' Fortress portfolio is buying an initial position in Ventas because it's now 6% undervalued for 2020 and thus a "good buy." It may very well fall lower if the economic outlook brightens and long-term rates rise a bit more.
(Source: imgflip)
We're fine with that potential "risk" because we know that short-term volatility is the greatest friend to the disciplined and patient value investor concerned with fundamentals and valuation, instead of stock prices.
Our July Ventas article was a warning meant to prepare conservative income investors to create their own long-term luck.
(Source: AZ quotes)
With Ventas now trading at an attractive valuation, the opportunity for locking in a generous, safe and growing income as well as market-beating long-term returns on this Super SWAN REIT has finally arrived.
Author's Note: Brad Thomas is a Wall Street writer, which means he's not always right with his predictions or recommendations. Since that also applies to his grammar, please excuse any typos you may find. Also, this article is free: Written and distributed only to assist in research while providing a forum for second-level thinking
Announcement: Hoya Capital Teams Up With iREIT
Hoya Capital is excited to announce that we've teamed up with iREIT to cultivate the premier institutional-quality real estate research service on Seeking Alpha! Sign-up for the 2-week free trial today!
We are set to launch our new REIT scoring model we call R.I.N.O. that stands for REIT Indicator Numerically Optimized. Subscribers to iREIT on Alpha will get access to RINO and over 125 REITs screened by QUALITY and VALUE. Our research is powered by qualitative data analysis that provides a decisive edge to achieve superior portfolio results.
Disclosure: I am/we are long VTR. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.


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Python/Flask/Html/Css
Definitely the most challenging for me was this project, it taught me so much about how do you deploy a web app while also implementing version control.
As always I used python as my main programming language, but also I was introduced JINJU syntax which is incredibly versatile when it comes to set up a quick web page and focus more on the practicality of it rather than aesthetics
First, I deployed locally to test that everything was working correctly and a couple of days later I found out a website called Heroku where you can deploy your code and add even more functionality (like version control), it was extremely easy to set up and be able to showcase my Tasker app.


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Winter purslane courgette pumpkin quandong komatsuna fennel green bean cucumber watercress. Pea sprouts wattle seed rutabaga okra yarrow cress avocado grape radish bush tomato ricebean black-eyed pea maize eggplant. Cabbage lentil cucumber chickpea sorrel gram garbanzo plantain lotus root bok choy squash cress potato summer purslane salsify fennel horseradish dulse. Winter purslane garbanzo artichoke broccoli lentil corn okra silver beet celery quandong. Plantain salad beetroot bunya nuts black-eyed pea collard greens radish water spinach gourd chicory prairie turnip avocado sierra leone bologi.


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Maestro Nikola:
Even as we talk, the people are suffering. And the daily count is...ugh!
Hurry and get me
1 Heartstone of Porta
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Frank
Frank (Chih-Yuan) Chiu is a current third-year NTU student double majoring in electrical engineering and physics.
His unique experience as a former American high school student and a current Taiwanese undergraduate student gives him the rare ability to empathize with both Asian and American students. Cognition varies from individual to individual because everyone comes from a distinct cultural, socioeconomic, and political background.
Years of engaging in cultural and academic exchange in the United States has taught him that only through nuanced dialogue and cultural exchange can the global community of students collectively paint a more encompassing and descriptive portrait of education, and of life itself.
As a student who has years of experience conducting such dialogue with friends and teachers around the globe, Frank is honored to have the opportunity to engage in cultural and academic exchange at HCAP conferences.
He can be contacted through his NTU email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or through his Gmail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>我是 2017 年 1 月哈佛大學 HCAP 會議的臺大學生代表之一，電機系雙主修物理系三年級學生丘致遠。由於我高中時期有在美國加州洛杉磯留學，在回臺灣就讀臺大的過去幾年，我也有特別留意與美國大學進行的交流活動。非常感激哈佛大學這次給予臺大學生們這一次機會，將臺灣文化以及中華文化向世界村發揚光大。也希望透過 HCAP 的活動，能與美國頂尖大學的學生進行文化及學術的交流。


XmlBase is a base class for building XML builders. See Builder::XmlMarkup and Builder::XmlEvents for examples.
Create an XML markup builder.
| out | Object receiving the markup. out must respond to <<. |
| indent | Number of spaces used for indentation (0 implies no indentation and no line breaks). |
| initial | Level of initial indentation. |
| encoding | When encoding and $KCODE are set to ‘utf-8’ characters aren’t converted to character entities in the output stream. |
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 24 24: def initialize(indent=0, initial=0, encoding='utf-8') 25: @indent = indent 26: @level = initial 27: @encoding = encoding.downcase 28: end
Append text to the output target without escaping any markup. May be used within the markup brackets as:
builder.p { |x| x << "
HI" } #=>

HI

This is useful when using non-builder enabled software that generates strings. Just insert the string directly into the builder without changing the inserted markup.
It is also useful for stacking builder objects. Builders only use << to append to the target, so by supporting this method/operation builders can use other builders as their targets.
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 104 104: def <<(text) 105: _text(text) 106: end
Create XML markup based on the name of the method. This method is never invoked directly, but is called for each markup method in the markup block.
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 40 40: def method_missing(sym, *args, &block) 41: text = nil 42: attrs = nil 43: sym = "#{sym}:#{args.shift}" if args.first.kind_of?(::Symbol) 44: args.each do |arg| 45: case arg 46: when ::Hash 47: attrs ||= {} 48: attrs.merge!(arg) 49: else 50: text ||= '' 51: text << arg.to_s 52: end 53: end 54: if block 55: unless text.nil? 56: ::Kernel::raise ::ArgumentError, 57: "XmlMarkup cannot mix a text argument with a block" 58: end 59: _indent 60: _start_tag(sym, attrs) 61: _newline 62: begin 63: _nested_structures(block) 64: ensure 65: _indent 66: _end_tag(sym) 67: _newline 68: end 69: elsif text.nil? 70: _indent 71: _start_tag(sym, attrs, true) 72: _newline 73: else 74: _indent 75: _start_tag(sym, attrs) 76: text! text 77: _end_tag(sym) 78: _newline 79: end 80: @target 81: end
For some reason, nil? is sent to the XmlMarkup object. If nil? is not defined and method_missing is invoked, some strange kind of recursion happens. Since nil? won’t ever be an XML tag, it is pretty safe to define it here. (Note: this is an example of cargo cult programming, cf. fishbowl.pastiche.org/2004/10/13/cargo_cult_programming).
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 114 114: def nil? 115: false 116: end
Create a tag named sym. Other than the first argument which is the tag name, the arguments are the same as the tags implemented via method_missing.
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 33 33: def tag!(sym, *args, &block) 34: method_missing(sym.to_sym, *args, &block) 35: end
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 134 134: def _escape(text) 135: text.to_xs((@encoding != 'utf-8' or $KCODE != 'UTF8')) 136: end
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 122 122: def _escape(text) 123: result = XChar.encode(text) 124: begin 125: result.encode(@encoding) 126: rescue 127: # if the encoding can't be supported, use numeric character references 128: result. 129: gsub(/[^\u0000-\u007F]/) {|c| "&##{c.ord};"}. 130: force_encoding('ascii') 131: end 132: end
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 139 139: def _escape_quote(text) 140: _escape(text).gsub(%{"}, '"') # " WART 141: end
# File lib/builder/xmlbase.rb, line 148 148: def _indent 149: return if @indent == 0 || @level == 0 150: text!(" " * (@level * @indent)) 151: end
Disabled; run with --debug to generate this.
Generated with the Darkfish Rdoc Generator 1.1.6.


Attributes used to create a Capture device driver instance. More...
#include <Capture.h>
Data Fields | |
| Int | numBufs |
| Number of buffers the driver is to use, either allocated from the device driver or the supplied BufTab_Handle. | |
| Capture_Input | videoInput |
| Which video input to use. | |
| Int32 | cropWidth |
| Width of image to crop (if supported by H/W, otherwise ignored). If set to a negative value, no cropping will be used. This value needs to be even. | |
| Int32 | cropHeight |
| Height of image to crop (if supported by H/W, otherwise ignored). If set to a negative value, no cropping will be used. | |
| Int32 | cropX |
| X pos of image to crop (if supported by H/W, otherwise ignored). If set to a negative value, no cropping will be used. | |
| Int32 | cropY |
| Y pos of image to crop (if supported by H/W, otherwise ignored). If set to a negative value, no cropping will be used. | |
| Char * | captureDevice |
| Name of the Linux v4l2 capture device to use. | |
| Bool | smoothPad |
| When using the dm6446 resizer to Smooth the captured images, 2 extra rows at the top and 4 extra rows at the bottom needs to be captured (if possible). | |
| VideoStd_Type | videoStd |
| To force a certain video standard without auto detection, set this variable to something other than VideoStd_AUTO. | |
| Int | decoderIdx |
| To force a certain decoder on dm6467 instead of auto detecting which decoder supports your Capture_Attrs.videoInput, set this to a value > -1. See the VPIF device driver guide on which values apply (VIDIOC_S_STD ioctl). This is useful when auto detection doesn't work, e.g. when two EVM:s are interconnected. | |
| ColorSpace_Type | colorSpace |
| Output color format. | |
| BufferGfx_Dimensions * | captureDimension |
| Capture image size. | |
| Bool | onTheFly |
| Set the resizer/previewer to "on the fly mode". In this mode the capture device is chained with previewer/resizer to resize and do chroma conversion on the fly. |
Attributes used to create a Capture device driver instance.
Number of buffers the driver is to use, either allocated from the device driver or the supplied BufTab_Handle.
Which video input to use.
| Int32 Capture_Attrs::cropWidth |
Width of image to crop (if supported by H/W, otherwise ignored). If set to a negative value, no cropping will be used. This value needs to be even.
Height of image to crop (if supported by H/W, otherwise ignored). If set to a negative value, no cropping will be used.
| Int32 Capture_Attrs::cropX |
X pos of image to crop (if supported by H/W, otherwise ignored). If set to a negative value, no cropping will be used.
| Int32 Capture_Attrs::cropY |
Y pos of image to crop (if supported by H/W, otherwise ignored). If set to a negative value, no cropping will be used.
Name of the Linux v4l2 capture device to use.
When using the dm6446 resizer to Smooth the captured images, 2 extra rows at the top and 4 extra rows at the bottom needs to be captured (if possible).
To force a certain video standard without auto detection, set this variable to something other than VideoStd_AUTO.
To force a certain decoder on dm6467 instead of auto detecting which decoder supports your Capture_Attrs.videoInput, set this to a value > -1. See the VPIF device driver guide on which values apply (VIDIOC_S_STD ioctl). This is useful when auto detection doesn't work, e.g. when two EVM:s are interconnected.
Output color format.
Capture image size.
Set the resizer/previewer to "on the fly mode". In this mode the capture device is chained with previewer/resizer to resize and do chroma conversion on the fly.


Overview
Champions League qualification is a much more complex route than you may imagine. There are 22 teams that get automatically in to the champions league and the 10 more teams that must go through a qualification process. To make things simpler I am going to explain the three ways to qualify to the champions league in three different sections; automatic qualification, the champions route and the league route.
Automatic Qualification
Teams from the countries with the highest coefficient gain automatic qualification to the champions league. The top four leagues get their top four teams entered straight into the group stages of the tournament. Countries with a lower coefficient may only get one, two or sometimes no teams entered straight into the competition but their teams will be entered in qualification routes. For example, France currently has the 5th best coefficient and they get two teams directly entered into the completion and one team entered into the league qualification route. Countries with low coefficients will only get one team entered into the qualification routes.
Champions Route
This route is for the domestic champions from the leagues with lower coefficients, starting with the ten lowest-ranked nations in the first qualifying round. The five victors are joined by the next 29 lowest-ranked champions for the second stage, with the next three sides added for the third qualifying round. The ten winners then face off in five play-off ties. All ties are played over two legs, home and away. This is meant for the smaller countries and gives their top teams a chance to compete in the competition.
League Route
This route features sides from high-ranking countries who finished anywhere between second and fourth in their domestic leagues. This is for countries such as France, who’s third place team would enter the league route. There are two stages, with ten teams starting out in the third qualifying round and five sides awaiting the victors for the play-offs. All ties are played over two legs, home and away.


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mystery.fasta
…Symmetry:
\[ \Pr(X_t = \mathtt A | X_0 = \mathtt C) = \Pr(X_t = \mathtt C | X_0 = \mathtt A) \]
Time-reversibility:
\[ \Pr(X_0 = \mathtt C, X_t = \mathtt A) = \Pr(X_0 = \mathtt A, X_t = \mathtt C) \]
or
\[ \Pr(X_0 = \mathtt C | X_t = \mathtt A) \Pr(X_t = \mathtt A) = \Pr(X_0 = \mathtt A | X_t = \mathtt C) \Pr(X_t = \mathtt C) \]
… which is by what principle …
\[ \Pr(X_0 = \mathtt C | X_t = \mathtt A) \pi_{\mathtt A} = \Pr(X_0 = \mathtt A | X_t = \mathtt C) \pi_{\mathtt C} \]
The “pulley principle” says that one can move the root around anywhere under reversible models. This is handy for saving computation doing tree rearrangements under reversible models.
Boussau, B., & Gouy, M. (2006). Efficient likelihood computations with nonreversible models of evolution. Systematic Biology, 55(5), 756–768. https://doi.org/10.1080/10635150600975218
Fernández-Sánchez, J., & Casanellas, M. (2016). Invariant Versus Classical Quartet Inference When Evolution is Heterogeneous Across Sites and Lineages. Systematic Biology, 65(2), 280–291. https://doi.org/10.1093/sysbio/syv086
If you want to learn more, we had a phyloseminar session on invariants http://phyloseminar.org/recorded.html


ChartLegend Class
ChartLegend provides a legend for a chart.
Item Index
Methods
Properties
Attributes
Methods
_destroyLegendItems
()
private
Destroys legend items.
_drawLegend
()
private
Draws the legend
_getDefaultStyles
()
protected
Returns the default hash for the styles
attribute.
Returns:
_getLegendItem
-
shapeProps
-
shapeClass
-
fill
-
border
-
text
-
width
-
height
-
text
Returns a legend item consisting of the following properties:
- node
- The
Node
containing the legend item elements. - shape
- The
Shape
element for the legend item. - textNode
- The
Node
containing the text> - text
Parameters:
-
shapeProps
NodeReference to the
node
attribute. -
shapeClass
String | ClassThe type of shape
-
fill
ObjectProperties for the shape's fill
-
border
ObjectProperties for the shape's border
-
text
StringString to be rendered as the legend's text
-
width
NumberTotal width of the legend item
-
height
NumberTotal height of the legend item
-
text
HTML | StringText for the legendItem
Returns:
_getPlotDefaults
()
protected
Gets the default values for series that use the utility. This method is used by
the class' styles
attribute's getter to get build default values.
Returns:
_getShapeClass
()
private
Evaluates and returns correct class for drawing a shape.
Returns:
_getStylesBySeriesType
-
The
Retrieves the marker styles based on the type of series. For series that contain a marker, the marker styles are returned.
Parameters:
-
The
CartesianSeries | PieSeriesseries in which the style properties will be received.
Returns:
_handleSizeChange
-
e
Updates the legend when the size changes.
Parameters:
-
e
ObjectEvent object.
_positionChangeHandler
-
e
Handles position changes.
Parameters:
-
e
ObjectEvent object
_updateBackground
-
styles
Updates the background for the legend.
Parameters:
-
styles
ObjectReference to the legend's styles attribute
_updateHandler
-
e
Handles changes to legend.
Parameters:
-
e
ObjectEvent object
bindUI
()
private
destructor
()
protected
Destructor implementation ChartLegend class. Removes all items and the Graphic instance from the widget.
initializer
()
private
Initializes the chart.
renderUI
()
private
syncUI
()
private
Properties
_layout
Unknown
private
Maps layout classes.
Attributes
direction
String
Indicates the direction in relation of the legend's layout. The direction
of the legend is determined by its
position
value.
height
Number
The height of the legend. Depending on the implementation of the ChartLegend, this value is readOnly
. By default, the legend is included in the layout of the Chart
that
it references. Under this circumstance, height
is always readOnly
. When the legend is rendered in its own dom element, the readOnly
status is determined by the
direction of the legend. If the position
is top
or bottom
or the direction
is horizontal
, height is readOnly
. If the position is left
or right
or the direction
is vertical
, height can be explicitly set. If height is not explicitly set, the height will be determined by the width of the legend's parent element.
includeInChartLayout
Boolean
private
Indicates whether the chart's contentBox is the parentNode for the legend.
position
String
Indicates the position and direction of the legend. Possible values are left
, top
, right
and bottom
. Values of left
and
right
values have a direction
of vertical
. Values of top
and bottom
values have a direction
of horizontal
.
styles
Object
Properties used to display and style the ChartLegend. This attribute is inherited from Renderer
. Below are the default values:
- gap
- Distance, in pixels, between the
ChartLegend
instance and the chart's content. WhenChartLegend
is rendered within aChart
instance this value is applied. - hAlign
- Defines the horizontal alignment of the
items
in aChartLegend
rendered in a horizontal direction. This value is applied when the instance'sposition
is set to top or bottom. This attribute can be set to left, center or right. The default value is center. - vAlign
- Defines the vertical alignment of the
items
in aChartLegend
rendered in vertical direction. This value is applied when the instance'sposition
is set to left or right. The attribute can be set to top, middle or bottom. The default value is middle. - item
- Set of style properties applied to the
items
of theChartLegend
.- hSpacing
- Horizontal distance, in pixels, between legend
items
. - vSpacing
- Vertical distance, in pixels, between legend
items
. - label
- Properties for the text of an
item
.- color
- Color of the text. The default values is "#808080".
- fontSize
- Font size for the text. The default value is "85%".
- marker
- Properties for the
item
markers.- width
- Specifies the width of the markers.
- height
- Specifies the height of the markers.
- background
- Properties for the
ChartLegend
background.- fill
- Properties for the background fill.
- color
- Color for the fill. The default value is "#faf9f2".
- border
- Properties for the background border.
- color
- Color for the border. The default value is "#dad8c9".
- weight
- Weight of the border. The default values is 1.
width
Number
The width of the legend. Depending on the implementation of the ChartLegend, this value is readOnly
. By default, the legend is included in the layout of the Chart
that
it references. Under this circumstance, width
is always readOnly
. When the legend is rendered in its own dom element, the readOnly
status is determined by the
direction of the legend. If the position
is left
or right
or the direction
is vertical
, width is readOnly
. If the position is top
or bottom
or the direction
is horizontal
, width can be explicitly set. If width is not explicitly set, the width will be determined by the width of the legend's parent element.


Make a local copy of the repository by cloning it to your computer. Run this command:
Navigate into the new package folder by running this command:
This is a node package with many dependencies. Assuming you have node installed run the following command:
Lets create the "environment variable". With the touch command create the .env file and put a token key/value inside.
Now boot it up and navigate to http://localhost:8080. You will see the signup, login forms as well as the instructions to install.
For this package to work out of the box you will want to name your database exampledb. If you want to change the database name look in the root of express-with-auth for a file called knexfile.js. Inside that you will see the path to postgresql://localhost/exampledb. Change that to whatever your heart desires. Use this command you will use to create the db:
This is an ERD diagram of how the posgresql table schema is laid out.
If you are ok with how we constructed the data you can run the commands below. The ERD is for visual purposes only.
Log in to the pre-created accounts you see below. The password for all the default users is "password". After login you will see the users dashboard as well as a secret specific to each user. The data specific to each user is the authorized to see.
If you don't alread have a heroku account you can create one at heroku.com. After you do that run the command you see below in your terminal. You will be prompted for your email address and password.
You can initialize a new heroku app by running this command:
When you did "heroku create" there was a web address for your new app. It would look something like this "https://intense-journey-34289.herokuapp.com/". You need to copy that and replace the "http://localhost:8080/" inside two files.
 Do that with this command:
Just like your local host heroku needs the enviroment variable however, it is added through the command line. Run this command:
Provision a postgresql database with this command:
To migrate and seed on the server run the following commands:


{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block title %}
BT ONE
{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
Bleeding-edge Bluetooth 5.0. technology provides quick pairing, with a bulletproof low latency connection. Translation: they just work.
Premium sound and minimalist cool at a category-defining price point. For music lovers who are ready to feel the difference.
We’ve focused on what matters: premium materials married with timeless design elements.


These examples are meant to demonstrate the usage of the Cornerstone Widget. They are written such that they can be opened directly in your web browser from github or your local repository. Use the "view source" capabilities built into your browser to see how each example works.


Check if the match is allowed and is not preceded by a backslash.
The file rows of which to match.
The match to check if valid.
If the match is valid.
Get the error block.
The text to search for errors.
The error handlers.
Get the list of all the placeholder' position and value.
The file rows of which to match.
The list of the location and values of a specific type.
Get the list of all the repeater' position and value.
The file rows of which to match.
The list of the location and values of a specific type.
Get the location and vlaue for the variables, placeholders or repeaters.
The file rows of which to get the position and value of a specific syntax type.
The type to get the list of. Can be either "variables", "placeholders" or "repeaters".
The list of the location and values of a specific type.
Get the list of all the variables' position and value.
The file rows of which to match.
The list of the location and values of a specific type.
Match the file rows with a regex.
The file rows of which to match.
The regex to match with.
The list of the location and values of a specific type.
Generated using TypeDoc
Handle the custom syntax and gets the start and end index, and the text value of the variables, placehodlers and repeaters.
CustomSyntax


Libcloud Monthly Update (December 2011) - 0.6.1, 0.6.2, 0.7.1, Python 3
Past few months have been pretty busy here and you may have noticed that I didn’t post a monthly update post in the last two months. This doesn’t mean nothing has been going on though! In fact, quite the contrary. Last few months have been very busy and we have shipped two new releases and a voting thread for a new 0.7.1 release was just started a few days ago. More about that bellow.
What has been accomplished in the past two months
- Libcloud 0.6.1 with a brand new DNS API (among many other improvements and additions) has been released.
- A few days after releasing 0.6.1 we have also released 0.6.2 which was primary a bug-fix release, but it also includes some new features and improvements such as support for OpenStack Auth 2.0 API, support for new Amazon location (Oregon) and a CloudStack driver.
- A few weeks ago a new committer, Hutson Betts (hbetts) has joined our team. He has previously mostly contributed to the OpenNebula driver and we believe giving him commit access will allow him to contribute more directly and easily and is a good thing for the whole project.
What is currently going on
- A lot of things!
- This weekend I have just finished adding support for Python 3 to Libcloud. Now we have a single code base which supports both, Python 2 and 3 and as far as I know we are the first Python cloud library which does that. I hope other projects will follow. If you are interested in more details you can read my post titled Lessons learned while porting Libcloud to Python 3 where I have described some of the issues which I have encountered while porting the library. Armin has recently also wrote a good blog post about Python 3 which you should read - Thoughts on Python 3.
- I am moving to San Francisco where I will work full time for Rackspace. I will try to organize a Bay Area Libcloud meet-up in the upcoming weeks (hey, free pizza and beer!). I will post more info on the website and mailing list when all the details are fleshed out.


--- post_id: /dark-alley-call-for-help date: 2010-02-18 13:15 return_url: '2009-01-22-dark-alley-call-for-help.html' name: 'Terrence Benker' email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>comment: '
Awesome site! I found it in Yahoo. I will visit and comment more often. To the admin of this site: would you like a link exchange with my site?
' ---


To multiply/divide numbers in scientific notation, you can divide both the decimal part and the exponent part separately.
To add or subtract numbers in scientific notation, you'll need to write them both with the same power (use whichever power is larger), and then add or subtract the decimal parts.
If you end up with a zero in front of the decimal, you'll need to move the decimal place over one or more places:


HEAD ======= >>>>>>> origin/master
This is inline: $E=mc^2$.
This is display: $$E=mc^2$$
A display with a tag: $$E=mc^2\tag{2.1}$$
A wide display: \[ 1 + \frac{q^2}{(1-q)}+\frac{q^6}{(1-q)(1-q^2)}+\cdots = \prod_{j=0}^{\infty}\frac{1}{(1-q^{5j+2})(1-q^{5j+3})}, \quad\quad \text{for $|q|<1$}. \]
A tall display: \begin{align} \nabla \times \vec{\mathbf{B}} -\, \frac1c\, \frac{\partial\vec{\mathbf{E}}}{\partial t} & = \frac{4\pi}{c}\vec{\mathbf{j}} \\ \nabla \cdot \vec{\mathbf{E}} & = 4 \pi \rho \\ \nabla \times \vec{\mathbf{E}}\, +\, \frac1c\, \frac{\partial\vec{\mathbf{B}}}{\partial t} & = \vec{\mathbf{0}} \\ \nabla \cdot \vec{\mathbf{B}} & = 0 \end{align}
Some actual mathematical text:
This procedure is simply a generalization of the method used in Sects. 1-3 and 1-4 to obtain the equations of the osculating plane and the osculating circle. Let $f(u)$ near $P(u=u_0)$ have finite derivatives $f^{(i)}(u_0)$, $i = 1, 2, \ldots, n+1$. Then if we take $u=u_1$ at $A$ and write $h = u_1 - u_0$, then there exists a Taylor development of $f(u)$ of the form (compare Eq. (1-5)): $$ f(u_1) = f(u_0) + hf'(u_0)+{h^2\over 2!}f''(u_0) + \cdots + {h^{n+1}\over (n+1)!}f^{(n+1)}(u_0) + o(h^{n+1}). $$ Here, $f(u_0)=0$ since $P$ lies on $\Sigma_2$, and $h$ is of order $AP$ (see theorem Sec. 1-2); $f(u_1)$ is of order $AD$. Hence necessary and sufficient conditions that the surface has a contact of order $n$ at $P$ with the curve are that at $P$ the relations hold: $$ f(u) = f'(u) = f''(u) = \cdots = f^{(n)}(u) = 0;\quad f^{(n+1)}(u) \ne 0. $$
If $P(u,v)$ and $Q(u,v)$ are two functions of $u$ and $v$ on a surface, then according to Green's theorem and the expression in Chapter 2, Eq. (3-4) for the element area: $$ \int_C P\,du + Q\, dv = \int\!\!\!\int_A \left({\partial Q\over \partial u} - {\partial P\over \partial v}\right) {1\over \sqrt{EG-F^2}}\,dA, $$ where $dA$ is the element of area of the region $R$ enclosed by the curve $C$. With the aid of this theorem we shall evaluate $$ \int_C \kappa_g\,ds, $$ where $\kappa_g$ is the geodesic curvature of the curve $C$. If $C$ at a point $P$ makes the angle $\theta$ with the coordinate curve $v = {\rm constant}$ and if the coordinate curves are orthogonal, then, according to Liouville's formula (1-13): $$ \kappa_g\,ds = d\theta + \kappa_1(\cos\theta)\,ds + \kappa_2(\sin\theta)\,ds. $$ Here, $\kappa_1$ and $\kappa_2$ are the geodesic curvatures of the curves $v = {\rm constant}$ and $u = {\rm constant}$ respectively. Since $$ \cos\theta\,ds = \sqrt{E}\,du, \qquad \sin\theta\,ds = \sqrt{G}\,dv, $$ we find by application of Green's theorem: $$ \int_C\kappa_g\,ds = \int_C d\theta + \int\!\!\!\int_A\left({\partial\over\partial u} \left(\kappa_2\sqrt{G}\,\right) - {\partial\over \partial v}\left(\kappa_1\sqrt{E}\,\right)\right)\,du\,dv. $$The Gaussian curvature can be written, according to Chapter 3, Eq. (3-7), $$ K = -{1\over 2\sqrt{EG}} \left[{\partial\over\partial u}{G_u\over \sqrt{EG}} + {\partial\over\partial v}{E_v\over\sqrt{EG}}\right] ={1\over\sqrt{EG}}\left[ -{\partial\over\partial u} \left(\kappa_2\sqrt{G}\,\right) + {\partial\over\partial v} \left(\kappa_1\sqrt{E}\,\right)\right], $$ so we obtain the formula $$ \int_C\kappa_g\,ds = \int_C d\theta - \int\!\!\!\int_A K\,dA. $$ The integral $\int\!\!\int_A K\,dA$ is known as the total or integral curvature, or curvature integra, of the region $R$, the name by which Gauss introduced it.


| Subject | OMIM:130060 | ORPHA:1899 |
| Mode of inheritance [HP:0000005] |
Other
|
|
| Abnormality of the skeletal system [HP:0000924] |
Abnormality of joint mobility [HP:0011729]
Abnormality of the vertebral column [HP:0000925]
Other
|
Abnormality of joint mobility [HP:0011729]
Abnormality of the vertebral column [HP:0000925]
Other
|
| Abnormality of prenatal development or birth [HP:0001197] |
Other
|
|
| Growth abnormality [HP:0001507] |
Abnormality of body height [HP:0000002]
|
Abnormality of body height [HP:0000002]
|
| Abnormality of the integument [HP:0001574] |
Abnormality of the skin [HP:0000951]
|
Abnormality of the skin [HP:0000951]
|


Connected to: :
Device name: MyNao19
Session started at: 1/1/2019
Battery level:
Device IP: and port is:
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factoring higher degree polynomials - Extensions
Factoring Higher Degree Polynomials - Eowyn.org Advanced Algebra. Factoring Higher Degree Polynomials. This is NOT a quiz. When factoring a polynomial, one approach is to find one of the roots (which we . http://www.eowyn.org/teaching/AdvAlgebra/FactoringHigherDegree.pdf
You can develop your own extensions
using the federick a stokes company.
Syntax-Highlighting Addons
Factoring Higher Degrees - Timothy Foster Apr 3, 2009 . Factoring higher degree polynomials require some guess and check, however, the guesses can be educational if using the proper format. http://timothyfoster.wikidot.com/notebook:14
SparkNotes: Polynomial Functions: Roots of Higher Degree ... Finding the roots of higher degree polynomials is much more difficult than . 1) If r is a root of a polynomial function, then (x - r) is a factor of the polynomial. http://www.sparknotes.com/math/precalc/polynomialfunctions/section5.rhtml in one installer (526 kb).
Factoring Higher Degree Polynomials - YouTube Nov 26, 2011 . factoring polynomials with a degree higher than 2. . Factoring Higher Degree Polynomials. shaunteaches·2,027 videos. SubscribeSubscribed . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hqhJlmn6ESI
Precalculus: Factoring Polynomials Factoring, the process of unmultiplying polynomials in order to return to a . is the original polynomial, is the simplest way to solve equations of higher degree. http://www.cliffsnotes.com/study_guide/Factoring-Polynomials.topicArticleId-10792,articleId-10783.html
Pre-Calculus Advanced >> Polynomial and Rational Functions ... Factoring Higher Degree Polynomial Functions. In order to sketch the graph of a higher-degree polynomial function, you must first be able to factor it. Factoring a . http://www.wsd1.org/waec/math/pre-calculus%20advanced/poly%20and%20rational%20functions/Higher%20Degree%20Poly%20Funcs/Factoring/factoringHD.htm
A simple JavaScript Formatter (47kb)ShowMe - Factoring higher-degree polynomials ShowMe results for Factoring higher-degree polynomials. ShowMes. Factoring Higher-Degree Polynomials #4. by Mike Poliquin | 11 weeks ago. Factoring . http://www.showme.com/search/?q=Factoring%20higher-degree%20polynomials
Solving Polynomials Demonstrates the steps involved in solving a general polynomial, including . so checking if x = a is a solution is the same as dividing out the linear factor x a. . This is a fourth-degree polynomial, so it has, at most, four x-intercepts, and I can . http://www.purplemath.com/modules/solvpoly.htm CertMaker for iOS and Android
2.3 Polynomials of Higher Degree Degree higher than three . Notice that the polynomial can be factored by grouping. . Factor the third degree polynomial by finding the zeros of the function: . http://jwbales.us/precal/part2/part2.3.html
Windows 8 AppContainer Loopback Utility
How to Solve Higher Degree Polynomials: 5 Steps - wikiHow How to Solve Higher Degree Polynomials. The Fundamental Theorem of Algebra . Find the greatest common factor (GCF). For example, in the polynomial 5x^3 . http://www.wikihow.com/Solve-Higher-Degree-Polynomials Download
Now (60kb) or
red rooster welding and fabrication phoenix
Traffic Differ
How to Factor High Degree Polynomials | eHow.com Factoring polynomials of high degree is typically taught in early high school. The process requires fairly extensive algebraic background knowledge. http://www.ehow.com/how_7471791_factor-high-degree-polynomials.html Download now (47kb).
SAZ Clipboard
Solving higher-degree polynomial equations Nov 9, 2007 . Solving higher-degree polynomial equations . The Root/Factor Theorem: Given a polynomial p(x), c is a root if and only if x-c is a factor. http://www.willamette.edu/~mjaneba/help/Polynomial%20root%20finding.html
Gallery
The Gallery extension (50kb) IEEE Xplore - Factoring high degree polynomials in signal processing Application of the FFT to evaluate polynomials on concentric circles efficiently has given rise to a very powerful algorithm to factor high degree polynomials that . http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1437932
Factoring Higher-Degree Polynomials #4 | Math, Algebra ... - ShowMe Factoring Higher-Degree Polynomials #4 by Mike Poliquin - January 11, 2013. http://www.showme.com/sh/?h=RGDtilM
AnyWHERE (sample)
The AnyWHERE extension (40kb) Polynomials of Higher Degree This course will examine how to solve polynomial equations of higher degree using factoring and/or the quadratic formula, only. http://www.regentsprep.org/Regents/math/algtrig/ATE13/HighPolyLesson.htm
RulesTab (sample)
IEEE Xplore - Factoring very-high-degree polynomials In this article, we discuss the current status of polynomial factoring (root finding) . to factor polynomials with random coefficients of degrees as high as 1 million. http://ieeexplore.ieee.org/xpls/abs_all.jsp?arnumber=1253552
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(41kb) Factoring higher degree polynomials - YouTube Oct 26, 2012 . Factoring higher degree polynomial using long division. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=GlBAo0hFo_k
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sample (11kb) Factoring General Polynomials Factoring makes it easy to find the roots of a polynomial. . expression, but this tutorial extends that idea further to include factoring higher degree polynomials. http://www.uiowa.edu/~examserv/mathmatters/tutorial_quiz/algebra/factoringgeneralpolynomials.html
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Flipper sample (6kb) Roots or zeros of polynomials of degree greater than 2 - Topics in ... To find the roots of a polynomial of degree greater than 2. http://www.themathpage.com/aprecalc/factor-theorem.htm
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Factoring third Degree Polynomials |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Factoring third degree polynomial means to find the possible factors of the polynomial. Equations involving polynomials with degrees higher than two can be . http://math.tutorvista.com/algebra/factoring-3rd-degree-polynomials.html
FACTORING HIGH-DEGREE POLYNOMIALS OVER F2 ... - CiteSeerX S 0025-5718(99)01008-X. FACTORING HIGH-DEGREE POLYNOMIALS OVER F2. WITH NIEDERREITER'S ALGORITHM ON THE IBM SP2. PETER ROELSE . http://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=<IP_ADDRESS>.7432&rep=rep1&type=pdf
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Pauls Online Notes : Algebra - Factoring Polynomials In these problems we will be attempting to factor quadratic polynomials into two first degree (hence forth linear) polynomials. Until you become good at these, we . http://tutorial.math.lamar.edu/Classes/Alg/Factoring.aspx
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Factorization of polynomials - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia The fact that almost any uni- or multivariate polynomial of degree up to 100 and with . at least two of which are of degree 2 or higher, this technique only provides a . degree) polynomials with no linear factors can be factored into quadratics. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Factorization_of_polynomials
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Factoring Polynomials of High Degree Apr 1, 2012 . Summary: This collection of modules considers factoring very high degree polynomials with random coefficients. It looks particularly at the . http://cnx.org/content/col10494/latest/
Solving higher degree polynomial equation-worksheet #1 Factor: x2. + 4x + 4. (20)2x5 ? 5x4. + x3. + x2 ? x +6=0. Factors: x + 1; x2. + 1. SOLVING HIGHER DEGREE POLYNOMIAL EQUATIONWORKSHEET #1 - . http://mcis.jsu.edu/faculty/ewhite/MS115/ms115_worksheets/SolvingHigherDegreePolynomialsProblems.pdf
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Polynomials of Higher Degree Polynomials of higher degree, factoring polynomials with degree greater than 2, definition, examples and solved problems. http://www.ditutor.com/polynomials/polynomials_higher.html
Factoring Higher Degree Polynomials - YouTube Mar 8, 2013 . Recognizing Polynomials, the degree and some Terminologyby patrickJMT 12,248 views · 8:24. Watch Later Factoring Higher Degree . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0kBupGx7rQI
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x5s - Automated XSS Security Testing AssistantPolynomial Equations (Equations of Higher Degree) Jan 11, 2013 . Polynomial Equations of Higher Degree; 1. Polynomial Functions and Equations · 2. Remainder and Factor Theorems · 3. Factors and Roots of . http://www.intmath.com/equations-of-higher-degree/polynomial-equations.php
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Factoring Higher-Degree Polynomials #3 | Math, Algebra ... - ShowMe Factoring Higher-Degree Polynomials #3 by Mike Poliquin - January 11, 2013. http://www.showme.com/sh/?h=W2GZHP6
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Higher Degree Polynomials Tutorial Polynomials and Factoring Pathway. : 1.15 Higher Degree Polynomials. Previous . 1.14 Expanding a Polynomial · Next. 1.16 The Leading Coefficient Test . http://www.sophia.org/higher-degree-polynomials/higher-degree-polynomials--2-tutorial?pathway=polynomials-and-factoring
How do I factor a polynomial function with a degree higher than 2 ... Dec 12, 2011 . If you restrict your attention to quartic polynomials (degree 4), life is still difficult. I can say this with certainty since the quartic equation is quite . http://math.stackexchange.com/questions/90952/how-do-i-factor-a-polynomial-function-with-a-degree-higher-than-2-without-guessi
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Factoring 4th Degree Polynomials with Synthetic Division - YouTube Nov 25, 2012 . An introduction to synthetic division and how to factor 4th degree . 3 2 Polynomial Functions of Higher Degreeby BittenElephant 2,382 views . http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xY7Vpxvm62A
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Polynomial Factoring & DecompositionWolfram Mathematica 9 ... Factoring a quadratic polynomial in one variable is straightforward. But Mathematica routinely factors degree-100 polynomials in 3 variablesby making use of . http://reference.wolfram.com/mathematica/guide/PolynomialFactoring.html
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4.3 Factoring Polynomials Of Higher Degree Part 1 4.3 Factoring Polynomials Of Higher Degree Part 1. by Gary Ball on Dec 14, 2009 . 1,145 views. More
Less . http://www.slideshare.net/Real.Gary.Ball/43-factoring-polynomials-of-higher-degree-part-1
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Factoring and Roots of Polynomials Note that the degrees of the factors, 1 and 2, respectively, add up to the degree 3 of the polynomial we started with. Thus factoring breaks up a complicated . http://www.sosmath.com/algebra/factor/fac02/fac02.html
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3.2 - Polynomial Functions of Higher Degree 3.2 - Polynomial Functions of Higher Degree. Graphs of Polynomials. Polynomials are continuous and smooth everywhere. A continuous function means that it . http://www.richland.edu/james/lecture/m116/polynomials/polynomials.html
XML Request InspectorPolynomials and Factoring Throughout your work with quadratic and higher degree polynomial functions, the factored form of the polynomials has played an important role. Historically, . http://www.wmich.edu/cpmp/1st/unitsamples/pdfs/C4U6_382-390.pdf XML DataSet InspectorFactoring high-degree polynomials by the black box Berlekamp ... Factoring high-degree polynomials by the black box Berlekamp algorithm, Published by ACM 1994 Article. Bibliometrics Data Bibliometrics. · Downloads (6 . http://dl.acm.org/citation.cfm?id=190371
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The strange effect
This effect was originally discovered by my father - Bram Dhont - who as a visual artist was working a lot with Photoshop at the time. He ran a macro on an image which had the following logic:
original image -> rotate 0° -> resize 1/2 -> position {top: 0 left: 0}
original image -> rotate 90° -> resize 1/2 -> position {top: 0 left: originalImageWidth/2}
original image -> rotate 180° -> resize 1/2 -> position {top: originalImageHeigth/2 left: originalImageWidth/2}
original image -> rotate 270° -> resize 1/2 -> position {top: 0 left: originalImageWidth/2}
The result of running the script:
| After one round | After 5 rounds | After 10 rounds |
After five rounds the image contains a lot of tiny sunflowers. After ten rounds the flowers are gone and seem irretrievably lost.
But, surprise, after twenty five rounds the original image suddenly returns.
We were going to have sunflower soup for dinner, so what’s up with that?
The explanation
I only found out what caused it after reproducing it with PHP and ImageMagick, using a very small image.
Let’s imagine an image with only four pixels:
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Now let’s make four copies and rotate them 0°, 90°, 180° and 270° respectively.
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The default algorithm used to downsize images half the size is an unscaled interpolation filter, which eliminates the even numbered rows and columns across the image. So if we resize our four pixel images to half their size the filter would simply take away the first column and the first row of pixels, so the resized images would look like this:
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The last thing we need to do is to put each image in it’s place following the scripts logic. Which would result in the following image, which is an inverted version of the original.
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Running the script again will bring back the original image.
When you scale an image to half it’s size, the image will have 25% of the original information. But by rotating the image and then resizing it, that 25% will have different information. Each pixel is saved one out of four times so the information is never lost.
Do the shuffle
So basically the pixels are being shuffled like a deck of cards and after various iterations they return to their starting point. Different variations are possible.
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
A single line of pixels is rearanged each new line by combining the odd numbered pixels and placing them on the left half and the even numbered pixels on the right half.
| 0 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 |
A single line of pixels is rearanged each new line by placing the right most pixel first, the leftmost pixel second the second right most third, the second left most fourth and keep on moving inwards.
This kind of shuffling can be done for the x and y positions. But to move all those pixels around, another aproach was needed, using Javascript and a canvas element. The following script recalculates each pixel position back or forward, using three different algorithms, clone, mirror and twist, which can be applied to both position and RGB values. If you combine them - for example - back twist -> forward clone etc, it’s funny to see how certain patterns emerge. The RGB only works forward and only with clone and mirror.
In 3D
Same rules applied to points in a 3D plane. You can move around and zoom in and out using the mouse.
Gallery
Check the Gallery for more images.
Try for yourself