libstddjb
libskarnet
skalibs
Software
skarnet.org
The following functions are declared in the skalibs/djbunix.h header, and implemented in the libskarnet.a or libskarnet.so library.
djbunix is an alternative API to management of basic Unix concepts: file descriptors, files, environment, and so on. It is a rather chaotic mix of safe wrappers around Unix system calls, better reimplementations of standard libc functionalities, and higher-level manipulations of Unix concepts.
Understanding djbunix is essential to understanding any piece of code depending on skalibs.
int coe (int fd)
Sets the close-on-exec flag on fd.
Returns 0 if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int uncoe (int fd)
Clears the close-on-exec flag on fd.
Returns 0 if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int ndelay_on (int fd)
Sets the O_NONBLOCK flag on fd: sets it to non-blocking mode.
Returns 0 if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int ndelay_off (int fd)
Clears the O_NONBLOCK flag on fd: sets it to blocking mode.
Returns 0 if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int pipenb (int *p)
Like
pipe(),
but both ends of the created pipe are in non-blocking mode.
int pipecoe (int *p)
Like
pipe(),
but both ends of the created pipe are close-on-exec.
int pipenbcoe (int *p)
Like
pipe(),
but both ends of the created pipe are in non-blocking mode and close-on-exec.
int fd_copy (int to, int from)
Copies the open fd from to number to. If to
was already open, it is closed before the copy.
Returns 0 if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int fd_copy2 (int to1, int from1, int to2, int from2)
Copies the open fd from1 to number to2. Also copies
from2 to to2 at the same time.
Returns 0 if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int fd_move (int to, int from)
Moves the open fd from to number to. If to
was already open, it is closed before the move.
Returns 0 if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int fd_move2 (int to1, int from1, int to2, int from2)
Moves the open fd from to number to. Also moves
from2 to to2 at the same time. This is useful for instance
when you want to swap two fds: fd_move2 will handle the situation
correctly.
Returns 0 if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
void fd_close (int fd)
Closes fd.
This is a safe wrapper around
close().
int fd_chmod (int fd, unsigned int mode)
Safe wrapper around
fchmod().
int fd_chown (int fd, uid_t uid, gid_t gid)
Safe wrapper around
fchown().
This function requires root privileges.
int fd_sync (int fd)
Safe wrapper around
fsync().
int fd_chdir (int fd)
Safe wrapper around
fchdir().
off_t fd_cat (int from, int to)
Synchronously copies data from fd from to fd to,
until it encounters EOF or an error. Returns -1 (and sets errno) if
it fails; returns the number of transmitted bytes if it gets an EOF.
When the underlying OS allows it, zero-copy transmission is performed. Currently, the following zero-copy implementations are supported:
off_t fd_catn (int from, int to, off_t n)
Synchronously copies at most n bytes from fd from to fd to.
Returns the total number of transmitted bytes; sets errno if this number
is lesser than n. EOF is reported as EPIPE. See above for zero-copy
transmission; zero-copy transmission is not attempted for less than 64k of data.
int fd_ensure_open (int fd, int w)
If fd is not open, opens it to /dev/null,
for reading if w is zero, and for writing otherwise.
Returns 1 if it succeeds and 0 if it fails.
int fd_sanitize (void)
Ensures stdin, stdout and stderr are open. If one of those
file descriptors was closed, it now points to /dev/null.
Returns 1 if it succeeds and 0 if it fails.
void fd_shutdown (int fd, int w)
Shuts down socket fd, for reading if w is zero,
and for writing otherwise. Does not return an error code; does
not modify errno. This is just a call to
shutdown()
with errno saved, used essentially to isolate application code from
sys/socket.h which is a portability nightmare.
int fd_lock (int fd, int w, int nb)
Gets an advisory lock on fd: shared if w is
zero, exclusive otherwise. fd must point to
a regular file, open for writing or reading depending on whether
you want an exclusive lock or not. If nb is zero, the
function blocks until the lock can be obtained; otherwise it
returns 0 immediately. On success, the function returns 1 ; it
returns 0 if it cannot take the lock, or -1 (and sets errno) if
an error occurs.
void fd_unlock (int fd)
Releases a previously held lock on fd.
int fd_islocked (int fd)
Returns 1 if a lock is currently held on fd, 0 otherwise.
Returns -1 (and sets errno) if an error occurs.
int open2 (char const *file, unsigned int flags)
Safe wrapper around
open()
when it takes 2 arguments.
int open3 (char const *file, unsigned int flags, unsigned int mode)
Safe wrapper around
open()
when it takes 3 arguments.
int open_read (char const *file)
Opens file in read-only, non-blocking mode.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openc_read (char const *file)
Opens file in read-only, non-blocking mode, close-on-exec.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openb_read (char const *file)
Opens file in read-only, blocking mode.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openbc_read (char const *file)
Opens file in read-only, blocking mode, close-on-exec.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int open_readb (char const *file)
Opens file in read-only, blocking mode.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
This call does not block. The
open()
system call is actually performed with the O_NONBLOCK option, and blocking mode
is set afterwards; this behaviour allows for more transparent interactions
with FIFOs.
int openc_readb (char const *file)
Same as above, but the file is opened close-on-exec.
int open_excl (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, with the
additional O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openc_excl (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, close-on-exec, with the
additional O_EXCL and O_CREAT flags.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int open_append (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, with the
additional O_APPEND and O_CREAT flags.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openc_append (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, close-on-exec, with the
additional O_APPEND and O_CREAT flags.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int open_trunc (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, with the
additional O_TRUNC and O_CREAT flags.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openc_trunc (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, close-on-exec, with the
additional O_TRUNC and O_CREAT flags.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int open_create (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, with the
additional O_CREAT flag.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openc_create (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, close-on-exec, with the
additional O_CREAT flag.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int open_write (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openc_write (char const *file)
Opens file in write-only, non-blocking mode, close-on-exec.
Returns a valid fd number if it succeeds, or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
pid_t doublefork ()
Performs a double fork. Returns -1 if it fails (and
sets errno, EINTR meaning that the intermediate process
was killed by a signal), 0 if the current process is the grandchild,
and the grandchild's PID if the current process is the parent.
pid_t child_spawn0 (char const *file, char const *const *argv, char const *const *envp)
Forks and executes a child as with exec_ae(file, argv, envp).
Returns 0 if it fails, and the pid of the child if it succeeds.
Implemented via posix_spawn()
on systems that support it.
pid_t child_spawn1_pipe (char const *file, char const *const *argv, char const *const *envp, int *fd, int w)
Like child_spawn0(), except that a pipe is created between the child's
stdin (if w is 0) or stdout (if w is nonzero) and the parent.
The parent's end of the pipe will be stored in *fd.
pid_t child_spawn1_socket (char const *file, char const *const *argv, char const *const *envp, int *fd)
Like child_spawn0, except that a socket is created between the parent
and the child. Both the child's stdin and stdout point to the socket; the parent has
its end of the socket available in *fd.
pid_t child_spawn2 (char const *file, char const *const *argv, char const *const *envp, int *fds)
Like child_spawn0(), except that two pipes are created between the
parent and the child. fds must point to an array of 2 ints: this
array is read as well as written by child_spawn2(). On function
call, the numbers in fds must describe what fds should be used
in the child to contain the communication pipes (for instance, if the child
will read from its parent on stdin and writes to its parent on stdout, fds
must contain 0 and 1). On function return, fds contains the
descriptors for the pipes that read from / write to the child.
pid_t child_spawn (char const *file, char const *const *argv, char const *const *envp, int *fds, unsigned int nfds)
More generic spawning function. fds must point to an array of at least nfds ints;
file descriptors reading from or writing to the child will be stored there. The function returns
0 on failure or the pid of the child on success.
unsigned int wait_reap ()
Instantly reaps all the pending zombies, without blocking, without a look at
the exit codes.
Returns the number of reaped zombies.
int waitn (pid_t *pids, unsigned int n)
Waits until all processes whose PIDs are stored in the
pids array, of size n, have died.
Returns 1 if it succeeds, and 0 (and sets errno) if it fails. The
pid array is not guaranteed to be unchanged.
int waitn_posix (pid_t *pids, unsigned int n, int *wstat)
Like waitn, but stores into *wstat the status
of the last process in the pids array (i.e. pids[n-1]).
int waitn_reap (pid_t *pids, unsigned int n)
Instantly reaps all zombies whose PIDs are stored in the
pids array, of size n.
Returns -1 (and sets errno) if it fails, and the number of reaped
zombies if it succeeds. The pid array is not guaranteed to
be unchanged.
int waitn_reap_posix (pid_t *pids, unsigned int n, int *wstat)
Like waitn_reap, but stores into *wstat the status
of the last process in the pids array (i.e. pids[n-1]),
if applicable; otherwise *wstat is unchanged.
pid_t wait_nohang (int *wstat)
Instantly reaps one zombie, and stores the status information into
*wstat.
Returns the PID of the reaped zombie if it succeeds, 0 if there was
nothing to reap (and the current process still has children), -1 ECHILD
if there was nothing to reap (and the current process has no children),
or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
pid_t waitpid_nointr (pid_t pid, int *wstat, int flags)
Safe wrapper around
waitpid().
pid_t wait_pid_nohang (pid_t pid, int *wstat)
Instantly reaps an undetermined number of zombies until it finds pid.
Stores the status information for dead pid into *wstat.
Returns pid if it succeeds, 0 if there was
nothing to reap (and the current process still has children), -1 ECHILD
if there was nothing to reap (and the current process has no children),
or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int wait_pids_nohang (pid_t const *pids, unsigned int len, int *wstat)
Instantly reaps an undetermined number of zombies until it finds one whose
PID is in the pids array, of size len.
Stores the status information for that dead process into *wstat.
Returns the index of the found PID in pids, starting at 1.
Returns 0 if there was
nothing to reap (and the current process still has children), -1 ECHILD
if there was nothing to reap (and the current process has no children),
or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
When asynchronously dealing with a child (resp. several children) and getting a SIGCHLD - which should be handled via a selfpipe - it is generally a good idea to use the wait_pid_nohang() (resp. wait_pids_nohang()) function over the basic Unix APIs. This allows a program to:
int slurp (stralloc *sa, int fd)
Slurps the contents of open descriptor fd into
the *sa stralloc. If you are
doing this, you should either have full control over the slurped
file, or run your process with suitable
limits
to the amount of heap memory it can get.
The function returns 1 if it succeeds, or 0 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int slurpn (stralloc *sa, int fd, size_t max)
Same as slurp, but only grows the stralloc to a maximum
of max bytes of total length. If there is still more to
read on fd after sa→len has reached max,
the function returns 0 with errno set to ENOBUFS.
int openslurpclose (stralloc *sa, char const *file)
Slurps the contents of file file into *sa.
Returns 1 if it succeeds, and 0 (and sets errno) if it fails.
ssize_t openreadnclose (char const *file, char *s, size_t n)
Reads at most n bytes from file file into preallocated
buffer s. Returns -1 (and sets errno) if it fails; else returns the
number of read bytes.
ssize_t openreadnclose_nb (char const *file, char *s, size_t n)
Like openreadnclose, but can fail with EAGAIN if the file cannot be
immediately read (for instance if it's a named pipe or other special file).
int openreadfileclose (char const *file, stralloc *sa, size_t n)
Reads at most n bytes from file file into the *sa
stralloc, which is grown (if needed) to just accommodate the file
size. Returns 1 if it succeeds and 0 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openwritenclose_unsafe_internal (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino, int dosync)
Writes the n bytes stored at s into file file.
The previous contents of file are destroyed even if the function
fails. If dosync is nonzero, the new contents of file
are synced to disk before the function returns. If dev and ino
are not null, they're used to store the device and inode number of file.
The function returns 1 if it succeeds, or 0 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openwritenclose_unsafe (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len)
int openwritenclose_unsafe_sync (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len)
int openwritenclose_unsafe_devino (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino)
int openwritenclose_unsafe_devino_sync (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino)
Trivial shortcuts around openwritenclose_unsafe_internal(). The
reader can easily figure out what they do.
int openwritenclose_suffix_internal (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino, int dosync, char const *suffix)
Writes the n bytes stored at s into file file,
by first writing into filesuffix and atomically renaming
filesuffix to file. IOW, the old contents of file
are preserved if the operation fails, and are atomically replaced with the
new contents if the operation succeeds.
If dosync is nonzero, the new contents of filesuffix
are synced to disk before the atomic replace. If dev and ino
are not null, they're used to store the device and inode number of file.
The function returns 1 if it succeeds, or 0 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int openwritenclose_suffix (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len, char const *suffix)
int openwritenclose_suffix_sync (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len, char const *suffix)
int openwritenclose_suffix_devino (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len, char const *suffix, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino)
int openwritenclose_suffix_devino_sync (char const *file, char const *s, size_t len, char const *suffix, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino)
Trivial shortcuts around openwritenclose_suffix_internal(). The
reader can easily figure out what they do.
int openwritevnclose_unsafe_internal (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino, int dosync)
Like openwritenclose_unsafe_internal, but the content to
write is taken from a
scatter/gather array of vlen
elements instead of a single string.
int openwritevnclose_unsafe (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen)
int openwritevnclose_unsafe_sync (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen)
int openwritevnclose_unsafe_devino (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino)
int openwritevnclose_unsafe_devino_sync (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino)
Trivial wrappers around openwritevnclose_unsafe_internal().
int openwritevnclose_suffix_internal (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino, int dosync, char const *suffix)
Like openwritenclose_suffix_internal, but the content to
write is taken from a
scatter/gather array of vlen
elements instead of a single string.
int openwritevnclose_suffix (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen, char const *suffix)
int openwritevnclose_suffix_sync (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen, char const *suffix)
int openwritevnclose_suffix_devino (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen, char const *suffix, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino)
int openwritevnclose_suffix_devino_sync (char const *file, struct iovec const *v, unsigned int vlen, char const *suffix, dev_t *dev, ino_t *ino)
Trivial wrappers around openwritevnclose_suffix_internal().
The following operations are not atomic, so if they fail, the relevant subtree might end up partially deleted.
int rm_rf (char const *path)
Deletes the filesystem subtree at path.
Returns 0 if it succeeds or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int rm_rf_tmp (char const *path, stralloc *tmp)
Deletes the filesystem subtree at path, using *tmp
as heap-allocated temporary space.
Returns 0 if it succeeds or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int rm_rf_in_tmp (stralloc *tmp, size_t n)
Deletes a filesystem subtree, using *tmp
as heap-allocated temporary space.
Returns 0 if it succeeds or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
When the function is called, *tmp must contain the
null-terminated name of the subtree to delete at offset n.
int rmstar (char const *dir)
Deletes all the filesystem subtrees in directory dir.
Returns 0 if it succeeds or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int rmstar_tmp (char const *dir, stralloc *tmp)
Deletes all the filesystem subtrees in directory dir,
using *tmp as heap-allocated temporary space.
Returns 0 if it succeeds or -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int hiercopy_tmp (char const *src, char const *dst, stralloc *tmp)
Recursively copies the filesystem hierarchy at src into
dst, preserving modes, and also preserving the uids/gids if the
process is running as the super-user.
Uses *tmp as heap-allocated temporary space.
Returns 1 if it succeeds or 0 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int hiercopy (char const *src, char const *dst)
Same as above, using the satmp global stralloc as
heap-allocated temporary space.
int sals (char const *dir, stralloc *sa, size_t *maxlen)
Appends the base names of all the files (save . and ..) in
dir to the stralloc *sa; each name is null-terminated.
On error, returns -1 and sets errno. On success, returns the number of files
it found, and writes to *maxlen the size of the largest file name
it found (0 for an empty directory).
int sarealpath (stralloc *sa, char const *path)
Resolves path into a symlink-free absolute path, appending
the result to the *sa
stralloc.
Returns 0 if it succeeds and -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int sarealpath_tmp (stralloc *sa, char const *path, stralloc *tmp)
Resolves path into a symlink-free absolute path, appending
the result to *sa. Uses *tmp as heap-allocated
temporary space.
Returns 0 if it succeeds and -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int sabasename (stralloc *sa, char const *s, size_t len)
Appends the basename of filename s (of length len)
to *sa.
Returns 1 if it succeeds and 0 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int sadirname (stralloc *sa, char const *s, size_t len)
Appends the dirname of filename s (of length len)
to *sa.
Returns 1 if it succeeds and 0 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int sagetcwd (stralloc *sa)
Appends the current working directory to *sa.
Returns 0 if it succeeds and -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int sareadlink (stralloc *sa, char const *link)
Appends the contents of symbolic link link to *sa.
Returns 0 if it succeeds and -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
int sagethostname (stralloc *sa)
Appends the machine's hostname to *sa.
Returns 0 if it succeeds and -1 (and sets errno) if it fails.
void deepsleepuntil (tain const *deadline, tain *stamp)
Sleeps until the absolute time represented by the
tain *deadline. *stamp
must contain the current time. When the function returns, *stamp
has been updated to reflect the new current time.
void deepsleep (unsigned int n)
Sleeps n seconds. Signals received during that time are handled,
but do not interrupt the sleep.
void deepmillisleep (unsigned long n)
Sleeps n milliseconds. Signals received during that time are handled,
but do not interrupt the sleep.
size_t path_canonicalize (char *out, char const *in, int check)
Writes into out the canonical form of the Unix path given in
in. The out array must be preallocated with at least
strlen(in)+2 bytes. Returns the length of the out path, without
counting the terminating null byte. If check is nonzero, in is tested
for every foobar/.. element, and the function returns 0, and sets errno
appropriately, if foobar is not a valid directory; in that case, out
contains the problematic path.


This page contains Justin’s Resumé.
Summary
Versatile IT professional with vast knowledge of IT Service Management methodology. Network operations expert with talent for balancing network security with customer requirements. IT Project Manager offering an impressive record of taking over troubled projects, developing comprehensive plans and executing to successful completion.
Highlights
- ITSM standardization
- Project Management
- Network Engineering
- Change Management
- Database Development
- Cybersecurity Professional
Accomplishments
Steered USAF’s largest IT Squadron from ‘Unacceptable’ to ‘Excellent’ in multi-agency cyber readiness inspection in under one year closing over one million vulnerabilities.
Adopted industry best practices and applied them to military practice creating Change and Configuration management 550 person team enabling expedient requirements processing for over 28,000 customers.
Experience
U.S. Air Force Ramstein Air Base, Germany
Aug 2014 to Present Day
Plans & Resource Flight Commander
- Project lead for a Defense Information Systems Agency inspection of Ramstein Air Base's Cyber Security posture. Utilized team of 550 airmen and cross-functional partnerships across the base to bring compliance rating from failure to an Excellent in one year.
- Manage over 160 airmen in multiple professions including the Dept of Defense's largest postal facility, a team of civilian project managers, cryptographic keying experts, and information system security managers for the entirety of Ramstein Air Base.
U.S. Air Force Ramstein Air Base, Germany
Aug 2013 to Aug 2014
Operations Flight Deputy
- Managed a 260-person IT team, allocating resources to ongoing projects and enforcing deadlines. Managed IT personnel across diverse disciplines including client support, server management, airfield traffic controls, infrastructure engineers, copper/fiber outside plant installation, knowledge management, radio transmissions, and cyber security.
- Established KPIs and goals resulting in fastest ever trouble ticket closure and unprecedented network reliability.
WSU University Recreation Pullman, Washington
July 2010 to October 2012
Personal Trainer/Group Fitness Instructor
- Established and achieved client goals including body-fat reductions of over 20% and strength gains of 200% across all core powerlifting techniques. Created fitness programs for over 200 group fitness clients.
Education
81st Training Wing/333 TRS Keesler, MS
July 2013
Undergraduate Cyber Training
- Classes include network infrastructure, cyber defense, ethical hacking, communications law, unix/windows command line, disaster recovery, and more.
- Graduated top of class with Distinguished Graduate honors.
Washington State University Pullman, WA
Dec 2012
B.B.A. Management Information Systems
- Courses include SQL database design, Customer Relationship Management, Finance, Accounting, Leadership, Business Law, Technical Writing, and more.
- Minor in Aerospace Studies
- 3.4 GPA
Certifications
- Information Technology Library (ITIL) 2011 Foundation
- ITIL Service Design 2011 Intermediate
- CompTIA Security+ Professional
- Project Management Fundamentals
- ACE Personal Training


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5
1 Be careful when you approach God in his house. Listen well to him. That is better than offering sacrifices to him and then not obeying him, which is foolish.
2 Think carefully before you speak
and do not be too quick to promise God that you will do something.
Do not forget that God is in heaven and that he can do anything,
while you, on the other hand, are here on the earth.
So think carefully before you speak.
3 If you are continually thinking and worrying about things,
you will have bad dreams about them and not rest well.
And the more you talk,
the more likely it will be that you will say things that are foolish.
4 When you solemnly promise God that you will do something, do not foolishly delay in doing it, because God is not pleased with foolish people. Do all the things that you promise God that you will do.
5 It is better to not promise anything than to promise to do something and then not do it.
6 Do not let the things that you promise to do cause you to sin by not doing them. And if you promise God that you will do something but then do not do it, do not say to God's priest that it was a mistake for you to promise to do that. If you do that, God can destroy everything you have worked to accomplish.
7 Promising to do something and not doing it is like having a useless dream. Instead, honor God by doing what you promised him that you would do.
8 Do not be surprised if you see poor people being oppressed. There are people able to stop others from oppressing them, but even these people are under the power of someone even higher.
9 Even though people throughout the land own their fields, the king forces them to give him some of the crops that they harvest.
10 Everyone who tries to get as much money as they can
will never think that they have enough.
They will never be satisfied with the money that they have.
That fact also makes no sense.
11 The more money that people have,
the more they want to spend it.
People who have a lot of money do not benefit from it,
except to look at it and admire it.
12 Those who work hard sleep peacefully at night,
even if they do not have much food to eat.
But rich people do not sleep well
because they worry about their money.
13 I have seen another terrible thing that happens here on the earth.
People save up all their money and become rich,
but they are miserable because they store up their money.
14 If something happens that causes their money to be gone,
then when they die,
there is no money for their children.
15 When we are born,
we do not bring anything with us,
and when we die,
we take nothing with us
from all that we have earned by working hard.
16 That also seems to make no sense.
People bring nothing into the world when they are born,
and when they leave this world they take nothing with them.
They have worked hard,
but they receive no lasting benefit.
17 Furthermore, rich people are always miserable, sad,
and depressed.
18 So the best thing for people to do here on the earth during the few years that God allows them to be alive is to eat, drink, and enjoy their work, because those are the things that he allows them to do.
19 If people are rich and have a lot of possessions, and are able to enjoy the things that they have and to enjoy their work, those things are also gifts from God.
20 Those people do not think much about everything that has happened during their lifetime, because God makes sure that they keep working at what they enjoy.


We are the Mathematics Undergraduate Student Association of the University of California, Berkeley!
We strive to improve the overall quality of studying mathematics here as an undergraduate, especially by advocating for issues that benefit the entire undergraduate math community, not only the subset that attends our events.
Joining MUSA is an excellent way to connect with other math enthusiasts. You can learn about the many opportunities for math students, including little tricks that will help you survive the rigorous math curriculum here.
Our office, 938 Evans, is usually open, selling hoodies and food — but we encourage students to come in just to chat about math or life. We won't bite!
We encourage students to come to our Thursday events, held in 1015 Evans, where you can meet fellow math geeks and get valuable information. Our events are open to the public, not just declared math majors — so don't be a stranger!
Most annoucements are done over MUSA's mailing list.
We hold events every week throughout the semester. Typically, our events are held at 6pm-8pm at Evans 1015, the top floor lounge of Evans Hall. Our upcoming events can be seen in the calendar.
The Math Monday undergraduate lecture series is the flagship event of MUSA. It is a series of talks, every Monday at 5 PM, given by professors and other academics about mathematical research and special topics. (Archive)
James Leng
16 January — 1015 Evans
We discuss ergo-dick.
At MUSA, we love to talk about tricky math problems of all levels! Here's some of our favorite problems. If you can't figure them out yourself, try asking at office hours and see if anyone else can make heads or tails of them. (Archive)
Prerequisite: Math 185; Math 142 or Math 202A will help
Say that a metric space X is locally connected if for each point x of X there is a connected open set U containing x. Let K be a locally connected compact subset of the complex plane and V(K) denote the vector space of all holomorphic functions V(K) → C. Give a formula for the dimension of V(K) in terms of topological invariants of K.
If that was pretty easy, what happens if K is not locally connected? In particular, what is the dimension of V(K), for K the Cantor set?


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These graphs and tables give insight into the targeting and patterns of SHM. This can give insight into the DNA repair pathways used to solve the U:G mismatches introduced by AID. More information on the values found in healthy individuals of different ages can be found in IJspeert and van Schouwenburg et al, PMID: 27799928.
Graphs
Heatmap transition information
Heatmaps visualizing for each subclass the frequency of all possible substitutions. On the x-axes the original base is shown, while the y-axes shows the new base. The darker the shade of blue, the more frequent this type of substitution is occurring.
Bargraph transition information
Bar graph visualizing for each original base the distribution of substitutions into the other bases. A graph is included for each (sub)class.
Tables
Transition tables are shown for each (sub)class. All the original bases are listed horizontally, while the new bases are listed vertically.
Hanna IJspeert, Pauline A. van Schouwenburg, David van Zessen, Ingrid Pico-Knijnenburg, Gertjan J. Driessen, Andrew P. Stubbs, and Mirjam van der Burg (2016). Evaluation of the Antigen-Experienced B-Cell Receptor Repertoire in Healthy Children and Adults. In Frontiers in Immunolog, 7, pp. e410-410. [doi:10.3389/fimmu.2016.00410][Link]


nips nips2011 nips2011-275 nips2011-275-reference knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
Source: pdf
Author: Xinghua Lou, Fred A. Hamprecht
Abstract: We study the problem of learning to track a large quantity of homogeneous objects such as cell tracking in cell culture study and developmental biology. Reliable cell tracking in time-lapse microscopic image sequences is important for modern biomedical research. Existing cell tracking methods are usually kept simple and use only a small number of features to allow for manual parameter tweaking or grid search. We propose a structured learning approach that allows to learn optimum parameters automatically from a training set. This allows for the use of a richer set of features which in turn affords improved tracking compared to recently reported methods on two public benchmark sequences. 1
[1] S. Avidan. Ensemble Tracking. In CVPR, 2005.
[2] G. Bakir, T. Hofmann, B. Schoelkopf, A. J. Smola, B. Taskar, and S. Vishwanathan. Predicting Structured Data. MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 2006.
[3] L. Bertelli, T. Yu, D. Vu, and B. Gokturk. Kernelized Structural SVM Learning for Supervised Object Segmentation. In CVPR, 2011.
[4] L. Breiman. Random Forests. Mach Learn, 45(1):5–32, 2001.
[5] M. D. Breitenstein, F. Reichlin, B. Leibe, E. Koller-Meier, and L. V. Gool. Robust Trackingby-Detection using a Detector Conﬁdence Particle Filter. In ICCV, 2009.
[6] T. S. Caetano, J. J. McAuley, L. Cheng, Q. V. Le, and A. J. Smola. Learning Graph Matching. IEEE T Pattern Anal, 31(6):1048–1058, 2009.
[7] R. Caruana and A. Niculescu-Mizil. An Empirical Comparison of Supervised Learning Algorithms. In ICML, pages 161–168, 2006. 8
[8] O. Dzyubachyk, W. A. van Cappellen, J. Essers, et al. Advanced Level-Set-Based Cell Tracking in Time-Lapse Fluorescence Microscopy. IEEE T Med Imag, 29(3):852, 2010.
[9] Y. Freund. An adaptive version of the boost by majority algorithm. Mach Learn, 43(3):293– 318, 2001.
[10] Y. Freund, R. Iyer, R. E. Schapire, , and Y. Singer. An Efﬁcient Boosting Algorithm for Combining Preferences. J Mach Learn Res, 4:933–969, 2003.
[11] H. Grabner and H. Bischof. On-line Boosting and Vision. In CVPR, 2006.
[12] M. Held, M. H. A. Schmitz, et al. CellCognition: time-resolved phenotype annotation in highthroughput live cell imaging. Nature Methods, 7(9):747–754, 2010.
[13] T. Kanade, Z. Yin, R. Bise, S. Huh, S. E. Eom, M. Sandbothe, and M. Chen. Cell Image Analysis: Algorithms, System and Applications. In WACV, 2011.
[14] N. Karampatziakis. Static Analysis of Binary Executables Using Structural SVMs. In NIPS, 2010.
[15] C.-H. Kuo, C. Huang, , and R. Nevatia. Multi-Target Tracking by On-Line Learned Discriminative Appearance Models. In CVPR, 2010.
[16] F. Li, X. Zhou, J. Ma, and S. Wong. Multiple Nuclei Tracking Using Integer Programming for Quantitative Cancer Cell Cycle Analysis. IEEE T Med Imag, 29(1):96, 2010.
[17] K. Li, E. D. Miller, M. Chen, et al. Cell population tracking and lineage construction with spatiotemporal context. Med Image Anal, 12(5):546–566, 2008.
[18] Y. Li, C. Huang, and R. Nevatia. Learning to Associate: HybridBoosted Multi-Target Tracker for Crowded Scene. CVPR, 2009.
[19] X. Lou, F. O. Kaster, M. S. Lindner, et al. DELTR: Digital Embryo Lineage Tree Reconstructor. In ISBI, 2011.
[20] E. Meijering, O. Dzyubachyk, I. Smal, and W. A. van Cappellen. Tracking in cell and developmental biology. Semin Cell Dev Biol, 20(8):894 – 902, 2009.
[21] D. Padﬁeld, J. Rittscher, and B. Roysam. Coupled Minimum-Cost Flow Cell Tracking for High-Throughput Quantitative Analysis. Med Image Anal, 2010.
[22] B. Taskar, S. Lacoste-Julien, and M. I. Jordan. Structured Prediction, Dual Extragradient and Bregman Projections. J Mach Learn Res, 7:1627–1653, 2006.
[23] C. H. Teo, S. V. N. Vishwanthan, A. J. Smola, and Q. V. Le. Bundle methods for regularized risk minimization. J Mach Learn Res, 11:311–365, 2010.
[24] I. Tsochantaridis, T. Joachims, T. Hofmann, and Y. Altun. Large Margin Methods for Structured and Interdependent Output Variables. J Mach Learn Res, 6(2):1453, 2006.
[25] X. Wang, G. Hua, and T. X. Han. Discriminative Tracking by Metric Learning. In ECCV, 2010.
[26] B. Yang, C. Huang, and R. Nevatia. Learning Afﬁnities and Dependencies for Multi-Target Tracking using a CRF Model. In CVPR, 2011.
[27] B. Zhong, H. Yao, S. Chen, et al. Visual Tracking via Weakly Supervised Learning from Multiple Imperfect Oracles. In CVPR, 2010. 9


They are essentially the same thing, except mindfulness may be focused on something external to the body, while self-awareness is internal only.
I tried journaling, as I have done similar practices to body scan during yoga (and fell asleep during them sometimes!). I wrote about what I was aware of, and what I aspire to do today. It helped me understand the things that might disrupt me while I try to knock out a lot of work today. I feel more focused now, and ready to do a good amount of work.
I think that this part had been summarised in an earlier part of the book, but it really hit me when I read it earlier that I can acknowledge my feelings without pushing them away or allowing them to alter my behaviour.


Life hacks, things make your life easier that our editors compiled just for you. Being a college student is challenging enough, take a look at these hacks we guarantee you it will make every college students life a little easier.
Organization Hacks
1. Always remember your schedule
Set the home screen on your phone as a picture of your schedule – now no one will know you’re THAT lost freshmen…you’re simply just “checking your phone.”
2. Avoid oversleeping
…and give yourself enough time to get lost on your way to class the first week of school by placing your phone in a glass cup. The reverberation of the alarm will amplify the sound, plus there’s that extra step of reaching into the glass to turn it off.
3. Keep your notebooks in order
Stop shuffling through your bags, drawers, or that big pile of books on your floor – color code your notebooks with a highlighter (one color per class) for quick and easy notebook retrieval.
4. Differentiate your keys
Swiftly sneak bae into your dorm room without any door unlocking struggles. Paint the tops of your keys with different color nail polish so you know exactly which one goes to what.
5. The easiest grocery list ever
Writing down grocery lists is old school. Instead, snap a quick pic of your fridge and cabinets and just like that you know exactly what you already have (and subsequently – what you need).
6. Desk management
You have no excuse to let your desk get messy – all you need is an empty toilet paper roll and BAM – instant organization.
7. Keep the change
Maybe less of a “hack” and more just a good piece of advice: Start a change jar. Seriously, keep a jar on your desk that you just throw random change into – by the end of the year, you’ll have collected more than you think…perfect for a much needed beer run.
Food Hacks
8.  You don’t have to. Enjoy as much liquid gold as you want with this genius hack.  Fill the filter with coffee grinds, and while holding the cup over a mug, slowly pour boiling water (heat water up in your microwave) over the grinds.
9. This multipurpose machine
Then again, if you are allowed to have a coffee pot, don’t miss out on it’s many uses.
10. Because we’re all that impatient
Heat 2 bowls in the microwave by putting one bowl on top of a mug.
11. Get well acquainted with recipes you can make using a mug and a microwave.
12. Keep your own fridge stocked…for free
Fill up empty containers in the cafeteria. I’m going to say this is probably frowned upon…so try and be stealth. (Yes, I know this might be hard while holding a full gallon carton of milk.)
Dorm Hacks
13. Save closet space
…with soda tabs.
14. Actually fit your clothes into your dresser
There’s a right way to fold your clothes, and there’s a wrong way. Get it straight.
15. Tape is the new ‘it’ decor
That’s right…hang photos on your wall while adding a little extra pizzaz to the decor. Washi tape is a MUST HAVE for every college student.
16. A mounted TV is easier than you thought
Okay maybe it’s no 60″ plasma screen, but 3M hooks make it easy to mount your tablet pretty much anywhere you want it. Bathroom entertainment anyone?
17. Who needs Fabreeze anyways?
Keep your dorm room constantly smelling great and tape a dryer sheet in front of the fan or AC unit.
18. Upgrade your shower head
Showers been a bit lackluster thanks to less-than-desirable water pressure?
Party Hacks
19. Speakers in a pinch
Someone forgot speakers? No problem. Cut a slit into an empty roll of paper towels and pop your iPhone inside. Cut a hole into 2 solo cups and put the ends of the paper towel roll into each. Turn up the volume and party on, Garth.
20. An easy solution
Need an extra trash can? Flip over a bar stool and put a trash bag in it.


Master Ghest:
Combat is as much about strength of will as it is strength of arms. Even the wild animals realize that, but we "civilized" folk have largely forgotten that essential truth.
Before you can defeat your foes, you must master your own will.
Learn skills.
Ask about Skill Enchanting.
Quest


Cube
问题描述 :
Cowl is good at solving math problems. One day a friend asked him such a question: You are given a cube whose edge length is N, it is cut by the planes that was paralleled to its side planes into N * N * N unit cubes. Two unit cubes may have no common points or two common points or four common points. Your job is to calculate how many pairs of unit cubes that have no more than two common points.
Process to the end of file.
输入:
There will be many test cases. Each test case will only give the edge length N of a cube in one line. N is a positive integer(1<=N<=30).
输出:
For each test case, you should output the number of pairs that was described above in one line.
样例输入:
1 2 3
样例输出:
0 16 297The results will not exceed int type.HintHint
//数学，没化简，直接用 #include <cstdio> #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int n; while (scanf("%d", &n) != EOF) { int s = n * n * n; int ans = (s-4)*4 + 6*(n-2)*(s-5) + 3*(n-2)*(n-2)*(s-6) + (n-2)*(n-2)*(n-2)*(s-7)/2; printf ("%d\n", ans); } return 0; }
(adsbygoogle = window.adsbygoogle || []).push({});
scanner改用StreamTokenizer就不超时了
算法，他认识我，我不认识他，后来有人告诉我你写的这段代码就是XXX算法。。。
受益匪浅！！
这一题的代码这样提交时错误的~少考虑了很多情况
真心不错，力顶作者
太变态了。我用hash居然超时了。这样break掉居然都行啊。。。
51行错了，改为：void Union(struct subset subsets[], int x, int y)
printf这个函数在计算的时候是从右到左，打印是从左到右。
很好，解决了
21行中，j<10可改为j<10-i，减少比较次数
失误失误，转载错了。已经改正，抱歉。
遍历了所有的情况(2^n)，tmp数组就是由当前遍历的状态s推算出的
怎么输入两个0程序还没退出
题目和代码都不一样好吗！！！搞错了


| Author | Javier Martínez & Eur Van Andel Copyright © 2003-2009 All rights reserved |
| Adapted-by | William Welch |
| Compiler | 2.4 |
Sterm (Serial Terminal) is a protocol to write to an standard HD44780 LCD and read from a 4x4 matrix keyboard. It was developed for easy debugging of JAL programs. With Sterm and a single PIC pin you can do a lot of human interfacing, often to the point that nothing else is needed. Especially usefull for projects "beyond the PC", that have to work in the field.
var byte lastkey = 0xff
No documentation found
lcd_init()
Send reset to Terminal: Clear the LCD and makes a sw reset of the PIC.
_lcd_write_data( byte in data3 )
Send 'hd447804 data' command to Terminal:
_lcd_write_command( byte in instr )
Send 'hd447804 instruction' command to Terminal:
lcd_key'get() return byte
Send 'input keyboard' command to Terminal:
lcd_buflag() return byte
Send 'input buffer' command to Terminal:
getkey() return byte
getkey - return the key pressed (until it is released)
getkey_once() return byte
getkey_once - return the value of a key pressed only once
__term_byte( byte in command1 , byte in data1 ) return byte
No documentation found
| 16f819 | 16f819_mcp2515_can_monitor.jal |
| 16f819 | 16f819_ee25aa02e48_lcd.jal |
| 16f819 | 16f819_mcp2515_canid4_monitor.jal |
| 18f2585 | 18f2585_oxygen.jal |
| 18f2585 | 18f2585_1wire_ds1820.jal |
| 18f2585 | 18f2585_canid4_serial_adapter.jal |
| 18f2585 | 18f2585_can_serial_adapter.jal |
| 18f2585 | 18f2585_can_monitor.jal |
| 18f2585 | 18f2585_canid4_monitor.jal |
| 18f2620 | 18f2620_rtc_tmr3.jal |
| 18f2685 | 18f2685_math.jal |
| 18f452 | 18f452_pressure.jal |
| 18f4585 | 18f4585_canid4_monitor.jal |


¶ IntroductionModern web applications have many moving parts, and traditional webapp routing is far too restrictive to deal with real-world apps. A modern webapp may have many independent bits of serializable state that must be correctly transmitted when a URL is sent to another user. For example, a music app may want to send the current song, position within the song, and location within a browsing window. A search app may want to transmit the current query, selected results, expansion of those results, and user preferences. It is not always possible to store complex state in localStorage or cookies, if you want to transmit that complex state to other users via a URL. It can very quickly become unwieldy to create massive 'multi-routes', where sections of the URL delegate to subrouters. Every time a new widget with state is added, a new section must be added to the route, and all links updated. Querystrings are a perfect solution to this problem, and with HTML5 pushState, they can easily be used on the client and the server. |
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¶ Example
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¶ Annotated Code |
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CommonJS includes. This is a browserify module and will run both inside Node and in the browser. |
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Backbone.History overrides. Type
Backbone.History
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Override history constructor to init some properties and set the embedded query model listener. Type
Backbone.History
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Extracts querystrings from routes. Type
RegExp
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Model emcompassing current query state. You can read and set properties
on this Model and Type
Backbone.Model
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Set up query model overrides & event bindings. |
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Bind a nice toString() method for use on the query object. |
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Alias resetQuery. |
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Parse a fragment into a query object and call handlers matching. Params
[fragment]
String
Route fragment.
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Ensure the query model is up to date with the fragment. This is potentially redundant
but must be in place in case |
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Save previous query. We intentionally do not use |
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Diff new and old queries. |
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Call each function that subscribes to these items. This is intentional, rather than fire events on each changed item; this way, you don't have to debounce your handlers since they are only called once, even if multiple query items change. |
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Compare previous base fragment to current base fragment. If it is the same, do not fire the url handler. This is intended so that you can use Params
{String} fragment History fragment.
Returns
Boolean
False iff the route changed and there were no matches. This allows you
to still bind listeners that look for unmatched routes, e.g. backbone.routeNotFound.
|
147
148 loadUrl: function(fragment) {
149 var ret;
150 fragment = this.fragment = this.getFragment(fragment);
151 if (this._previousBaseFragment !== this._stripQuery(fragment)) {
152 ret = Backbone.History.prototype.loadUrl.apply(this, arguments);
153 }
154 this.loadQuery.apply(this, arguments);
155 return ret !== undefined ? ret : true;
156 },
157
158
159 |
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Add a few hooks to navigate to synchronize query model and so forth. Params
fragment
String
History fragment.
options
Object
Navigation options.
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Save base fragment for comparison in loadUrl. |
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Call navigate on prototype. |
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Navigate a base route only, while maintaining the current query. Strips any querystrings from the input fragment and appends the current querystring. Params
{String} fragment Route fragment.
{Object} options Navigation options.
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When the query model changes, navigate. Params
{Model} model Attached model.
{Object} options Change options.
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Write the new querystring. |
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Add a query to be tested when the fragment changes. Params
{Array} bindings Query keys to listen to.
{Function} callback Callback to call when these keys change.
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Reset the internal query model to a certain state. Performs set() and unset() internally to reset the model's attributes to the correct state, while firing the correct events. Similar to Backbone.Collection.reset(), but with model attributes rather than models. Params
queryObject
Object
New query object.
queryString
String
New query string.
options
Object
Reset options.
[options.unset]
Boolean
If false, will not unset keys.
[options.set]
Boolean
If false, will not set keys.
[options.silent]
Boolean
If true, will not throw events.
[options.keys]
Array
Pass an array of keys to restrict the reset to these keys only.
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Alternate usage |
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Reset the current record of changes. |
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Suppresses intermediate 'change' events; 'change:key' will still fire.
This has the added benefit of making the internal |
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Unset any keys inside the existing query. To disable,
set |
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Key restriction. |
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Set new keys. To disable, set |
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Key restriction. |
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Don't set if the stringified representation is the same. This will catch single-element arrays, which is intended. |
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Check if one or the other is an array - this prevents two objects from falsy looking the same as they stringify to [object Object]. If we have nested support, we don't want to do this. |
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Unset changing flag and fire change event. |
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When Backbone.history initializes, also load the current query. Returns
Boolean
Route matching status from Backbone.history.loadUrl.
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Given two objects, compute their differences and list them. This does not support nested objects. Deleted, added, or changed keys are considered diffs. Params
{Object} lhs Left hand object.
{Object} rhs Right hand (new) object.
Returns
Array
Array of string differences.
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304
305 _getDiffs: function(lhs, rhs) {
306 return _.chain(lhs)
307 .keys()
308 .concat(_.keys(rhs))
309 .reduce(function(result, key){
310 if (_.result(lhs[key], 'toString') !== _.result(rhs[key], 'toString')) {
311 result.push(key);
312 }
313 return result;
314 }, [])
315 .uniq()
316 .value();
317 },
318
319
320 |
|
Given a fragment, return a query object. Params
{String} fragment Route fragment.
Returns
Object
Query object.
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Given a fragment, return a query string. Params
{String} fragment Route fragment.
Returns
String
Query string.
|
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Synchronize the internal query model with the fragment. Params
fragment
String
Route fragment.
options
Object
Options.
[options.trigger]
Boolean
If true will not fire change events.
|
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Set internal query object. |
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Set embedded model to new query object, firing 'change' events when necessary. |
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Strip a querystring from a fragment. Params
{String} fragment Route fragment.
Returns
String
Fragment without query.
|
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Backbone.Router overrides. Type
Backbone.Router
|
|
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Bind query routes. Remember that handlers will only fire once per navigation. If for some reason you'd like a handler to fire for each individual change, bind to the 'change:{key}' events on Backbone.history.query, which is just a Backbone.Model (and fires all of the usual events). They are expected to be attached in the following configuration:
|
391
392 _bindRoutes: function() {
393 if (!this.queryRoutes) return;
394 this.queryRoutes = _.result(this, 'queryRoutes');
395 var qRoute, qRoutes = _.keys(this.queryRoutes);
396 while ((qRoute = qRoutes.pop()) != null) {
397 this.queryHandler(qRoute, this.queryRoutes[qRoute]);
398 }
399 RouterProto._bindRoutes.apply(this, arguments);
400 },
401
402
403 |
|
Navigate a base route only, while maintaining the current query.
Delegates to Params
{String} fragment Route fragment.
{Object} options Navigation options.
|
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Bind a queryHandler. Very similar to Backbone.Router#route, except that args are provided by Backbone.history#queryHandler, rather than being extracted in the router from the fragment. Params
{String|array} bindings Query key bindings.
{String} [name] Listener name.
{Function} callback Listener callback.
|
420
421 queryHandler: function(bindings, name, callback) {
422 bindings = this._normalizeBindings(bindings);
423 if (_.isFunction(name)) {
424 callback = name;
425 name = '';
426 }
427 if (!callback) callback = this[name];
428 if (!callback) throw new Error("QueryHandler not found: " + this[name]);
429 var router = this;
430 Backbone.history.queryHandler(bindings, function(fragment, queryObj, queryKeys) {
431
432 |
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Emulate method signatures used on normal routes |
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Normalize bindings - convert to array and trim whitespace. Params
{String} bindings Bindings definition.
Returns
Array
Normalized bindings.
|
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Override default Backbone.Router constructor. |
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Replace Backbone.history. |


Open https://portal.azure.com/#blade/Microsoft_AAD_RegisteredApps/ApplicationsListBlade to register a new app.
This tool requires that the redirect_uri
=
Switch to Certificates & secrets
tab, create a client secret
,
copy
and paste it to the input box below.
Switch to API permissions
tab, add permissions you need.
For OneDrive Index purpose, select following permssions: offline_access
,
Files.Read
, Files.Read.All
.


llvm-diff - LLVM structural 'diff'
llvm-diff [options] module 1 module 2 [global name ...]
llvm-diff compares the structure of two LLVM modules, primarily focusing on differences in function definitions. Insignificant differences, such as changes in the ordering of globals or in the names of local values, are ignored.
An input module will be interpreted as an assembly file if its name ends in '.ll'; otherwise it will be read in as a bitcode file.
If a list of global names is given, just the values with those names are compared; otherwise, all global values are compared, and diagnostics are produced for globals which only appear in one module or the other.
llvm-diff compares two functions by comparing their basic blocks, beginning with the entry blocks. If the terminators seem to match, then the corresponding successors are compared; otherwise they are ignored. This algorithm is very sensitive to changes in control flow, which tend to stop any downstream changes from being detected.
llvm-diff is intended as a debugging tool for writers of LLVM passes and frontends. It does not have a stable output format.
If llvm-diff finds no differences between the modules, it will exit with 0 and produce no output. Otherwise it will exit with a non-zero value.
Many important differences, like changes in linkage or function attributes, are not diagnosed.
Changes in memory behavior (for example, coalescing loads) can cause massive detected differences in blocks.
Maintained by the LLVM Team (http://llvm.org/).


Sled dogs were important for transportation in arctic areas, hauling supplies in areas that were inaccessible by other methods. They were used with varying success in the explorations of both poles, as well as during the Alaskan gold rush. Sled dog teams delivered mail to rural communities in Alaska and northern Canada. Sled dogs today are still used by some rural communities, especially in areas of Alaska and Canada and throughout Greenland. They are used for recreational purposes and racing events, such as the Iditarod Trail and the Yukon Quest.
The original sled dogs were chosen for size, strength and stamina, but modern dogs are bred for speed and endurance. Most sled dogs weigh around 25 kilograms (55 lb), but they can weigh as little as 16 kilograms (35 lb), and can exceed 32 kilograms (71 lb). Sled dogs have a very efficient gait, and "mushers strive for a well balanced dog team that matches all dogs for both size (approximately the same) and gait (the walking, trotting or running speeds of the dogs as well as the 'transition speed' where a dog will switch from one gait to another) so that the entire dog team moves in similar a fashion which increases overall team efficiency." They can run up to 45 km/h (28 mph). Because of this, sled dogs have very tough, webbed feet with closely spaced toes. Their webbed feet act as snow shoes.
A dog's fur depends on its use. Freight dogs should have dense, warm coats to hold heat in, and sprint dogs have short coats that let heat out. Most sled dogs have a double coat, with the outer coat keeping snow away from the body, and a waterproof inner coat for insulation. In warm weather, dogs may have problems regulating their body temperature and may overheat. Their tails serve to protect their nose and feet from freezing when the dog is curled up to sleep. They also have a unique arrangement of blood vessels in their legs to help protect against frostbite.
Appetite is a big part of choosing sled dogs; picky dogs off trail may be pickier on the trail. They are fed high-fat diets, and on the trail may eat oily salmon or blubbery sea mammals. Sled dogs also must not be overly aggressive with other dogs.


Trevor Noah’s unlikely path from apartheid South Africa to the desk of The Daily Show began with a criminal act: his birth.  Living proof of his parents’ indiscretion, Trevor was kept mostly indoors for the earliest years of his life, bound by the extreme and often absurd measures his mother took to hide him from a government that could, at any moment, steal him away. Finally liberated by the end of South Africa’s tyrannical white rule, Trevor and his mother set forth on a grand adventure, living openly and freely and embracing the opportunities won by a centuries-long struggle.
87 Reviews
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Odit delectus nostrum quisquam magni nulla quam tenetur, autem rerum, nisi vel sapiente dolorum, voluptates expedita dolore similique placeat pariatur animi officiis.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Odit delectus nostrum quisquam magni nulla quam tenetur, autem rerum, nisi vel sapiente dolorum, voluptates expedita dolore similique placeat pariatur animi officiis.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Odit delectus nostrum quisquam magni nulla quam tenetur, autem rerum, nisi vel sapiente dolorum, voluptates expedita dolore similique placeat pariatur animi officiis.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Odit delectus nostrum quisquam magni nulla quam tenetur, autem rerum, nisi vel sapiente dolorum, voluptates expedita dolore similique placeat pariatur animi officiis.


Amazon’s rare AirPods Pro discount is back in stock
by Maren EstradaIf you have your heart set on AirPods and you want the best cord-free earphones Apple makes, you’re obviously eyeing AirPods Pro. Before you buy them though, there are two things you need to know. First, they will absolutely not be discounted by Apple for Black Friday 2019. Second, they’re already discounted on Amazon! AirPods Pro have been floating in and out of stock all week, and they’re back down to the lowest price yet as of the time of this writing. Of note, shipping estimates are going to slip fast, but don’t take them too seriously. I ordered a pair last week and Amazon said they’d ship within 1-2 months. Guess what: I already got them!
Available from Amazon
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Here are the highlights from the product page:
- Active noise cancellation for immersive sound
- Transparency mode for hearing and connecting with the world around you
- Three sizes of soft, tapered silicone tips for a customizable fit
- Sweat and water resistant
- Adaptive EQ automatically tunes music to the shape of your ear
- Easy setup for all your Apple devices
- Quick access to Siri by saying “Hey Siri”
- The Wireless Charging Case delivers more than 24 hours of battery life
Available from Amazon
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Follow @BGRDeals on Twitter to keep up with the latest and greatest deals from around the web. Quantities may be limited. Prices are subject to change without notice and coupons may expire at any time. Some deals may not be available to all customers. BGR may receive a commission on orders placed through this article.


You must correct any errors before this file can be sent to the Environment Agency.
Make corrections
Before you can send <filename> you need to make these corrections:
| Column | Error | How to fix it |
|---|---|---|
| Rtn_Type | Missing |
You must give a valid return type exactly as given in the EA controlled list. |
| Rtn_Type | Incorrect |
You must give a valid return type exactly as given in the EA controlled list. |
| Mon_Point | Missing |
You must give a monitoring point for your data. |
| Mon_Date | Incorrect |
You must give a monitoring date. This must be formatted as:
Monitoring time is optional according to return type, but should be formatted as hh:mm:ss |
| Parameter | Missing |
You must enter the parameter type exactly as given in the EA controlled list. |
| Parameter | Incorrect |
You must enter the parameter type exactly as given in the EA controlled list. |
| Value | Missing |
You must give a numerical value for your data. It can include zeros. |
| Value | Incorrect |
You must give a numerical value for your data. It can include zeros. |
| Unit | Missing |
You must give a unit for measurements exactly as given in the EA controlled list. |
| Unit | Incorrect |
You must give a unit for measurements exactly as given in the EA controlled list. |


|
SuperLU
5.3.0
|
Memory details. More...
#include "slu_ddefs.h"
Macros | |
| #define | StackFull(x) ( x + Glu->stack.used >= Glu->stack.size ) |
| #define | NotDoubleAlign(addr) ( (intptr_t)addr & 7 ) |
| #define | DoubleAlign(addr) ( ((intptr_t)addr + 7) & ~7L ) |
| #define | TempSpace(m, w) |
| #define | Reduce(alpha) ((alpha + 1) / 2) /* i.e. (alpha-1)/2 + 1 */ |
Functions | |
| void * | dexpand (int *prev_len, MemType type, int len_to_copy, int keep_prev, GlobalLU_t *Glu) |
| Expand the existing storage to accommodate more fill-ins. More... | |
| int | dLUWorkInit (int m, int n, int panel_size, int **iworkptr, double **dworkptr, GlobalLU_t *Glu) |
| Allocate known working storage. Returns 0 if success, otherwise returns the number of bytes allocated so far when failure occurred. More... | |
| void | copy_mem_double (int, void *, void *) |
| void | dStackCompress (GlobalLU_t *Glu) |
| Compress the work[] array to remove fragmentation. More... | |
| void | dSetupSpace (void *work, int lwork, GlobalLU_t *Glu) |
| Setup the memory model to be used for factorization. More... | |
| void * | duser_malloc (int, int, GlobalLU_t *) |
| void | duser_free (int, int, GlobalLU_t *) |
| void | copy_mem_int (int, void *, void *) |
| void | user_bcopy (char *, char *, int) |
| int | dQuerySpace (SuperMatrix *L, SuperMatrix *U, mem_usage_t *mem_usage) |
| int | ilu_dQuerySpace (SuperMatrix *L, SuperMatrix *U, mem_usage_t *mem_usage) |
| int | dLUMemInit (fact_t fact, void *work, int lwork, int m, int n, int annz, int panel_size, double fill_ratio, SuperMatrix *L, SuperMatrix *U, GlobalLU_t *Glu, int **iwork, double **dwork) |
| Allocate storage for the data structures common to all factor routines. More... | |
| void | dSetRWork (int m, int panel_size, double *dworkptr, double **dense, double **tempv) |
| Set up pointers for real working arrays. More... | |
| void | dLUWorkFree (int *iwork, double *dwork, GlobalLU_t *Glu) |
| Free the working storage used by factor routines. More... | |
| int | dLUMemXpand (int jcol, int next, MemType mem_type, int *maxlen, GlobalLU_t *Glu) |
| Expand the data structures for L and U during the factorization. More... | |
| void | dallocateA (int n, int nnz, double **a, int **asub, int **xa) |
| Allocate storage for original matrix A. More... | |
| double * | doubleMalloc (size_t n) |
| double * | doubleCalloc (size_t n) |
| int | dmemory_usage (const int nzlmax, const int nzumax, const int nzlumax, const int n) |
Copyright (c) 2003, The Regents of the University of California, through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (subject to receipt of any required approvals from U.S. Dept. of Energy)
All rights reserved.
The source code is distributed under BSD license, see the file License.txt at the top-level directory.
-- SuperLU routine (version 4.0) -- Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. June 30, 2009
| #define DoubleAlign | ( | addr | ) | ( ((intptr_t)addr + 7) & ~7L ) |
| #define NotDoubleAlign | ( | addr | ) | ( (intptr_t)addr & 7 ) |
| #define Reduce | ( | alpha | ) | ((alpha + 1) / 2) /* i.e. (alpha-1)/2 + 1 */ |
| #define StackFull | ( | x | ) | ( x + Glu->stack.used >= Glu->stack.size ) |
| #define TempSpace | ( | m, | |
| w | |||
| ) |
| void copy_mem_double | ( | int | howmany, |
| void * | old, | ||
| void * | new | ||
| ) |
| void copy_mem_int | ( | int | , |
| void * | , | ||
| void * | |||
| ) |
| void dallocateA | ( | int | n, |
| int | nnz, | ||
| double ** | a, | ||
| int ** | asub, | ||
| int ** | xa | ||
| ) |
| void * dexpand | ( | int * | prev_len, |
| MemType | type, | ||
| int | len_to_copy, | ||
| int | keep_prev, | ||
| GlobalLU_t * | Glu | ||
| ) |
| int dLUMemInit | ( | fact_t | fact, |
| void * | work, | ||
| int | lwork, | ||
| int | m, | ||
| int | n, | ||
| int | annz, | ||
| int | panel_size, | ||
| double | fill_ratio, | ||
| SuperMatrix * | L, | ||
| SuperMatrix * | U, | ||
| GlobalLU_t * | Glu, | ||
| int ** | iwork, | ||
| double ** | dwork | ||
| ) |
Memory-related.
For those unpredictable size, estimate as fill_ratio * nnz(A). Return value: If lwork = -1, return the estimated amount of space required, plus n; otherwise, return the amount of space actually allocated when memory allocation failure occurred.
| int dLUMemXpand | ( | int | jcol, |
| int | next, | ||
| MemType | mem_type, | ||
| int * | maxlen, | ||
| GlobalLU_t * | Glu | ||
| ) |
Return value: 0 - successful return > 0 - number of bytes allocated when run out of space
| void dLUWorkFree | ( | int * | iwork, |
| double * | dwork, | ||
| GlobalLU_t * | Glu | ||
| ) |
| int dLUWorkInit | ( | int | m, |
| int | n, | ||
| int | panel_size, | ||
| int ** | iworkptr, | ||
| double ** | dworkptr, | ||
| GlobalLU_t * | Glu | ||
| ) |
| int dmemory_usage | ( | const int | nzlmax, |
| const int | nzumax, | ||
| const int | nzlumax, | ||
| const int | n | ||
| ) |
| double* doubleCalloc | ( | size_t | n | ) |
| double* doubleMalloc | ( | size_t | n | ) |
| int dQuerySpace | ( | SuperMatrix * | L, |
| SuperMatrix * | U, | ||
| mem_usage_t * | mem_usage | ||
| ) |
mem_usage consists of the following fields:
| void dSetRWork | ( | int | m, |
| int | panel_size, | ||
| double * | dworkptr, | ||
| double ** | dense, | ||
| double ** | tempv | ||
| ) |
| void dSetupSpace | ( | void * | work, |
| int | lwork, | ||
| GlobalLU_t * | Glu | ||
| ) |
lwork = 0: use system malloc; lwork > 0: use user-supplied work[] space.
| void dStackCompress | ( | GlobalLU_t * | Glu | ) |
| void duser_free | ( | int | bytes, |
| int | which_end, | ||
| GlobalLU_t * | Glu | ||
| ) |
| void * duser_malloc | ( | int | bytes, |
| int | which_end, | ||
| GlobalLU_t * | Glu | ||
| ) |
| int ilu_dQuerySpace | ( | SuperMatrix * | L, |
| SuperMatrix * | U, | ||
| mem_usage_t * | mem_usage | ||
| ) |
mem_usage consists of the following fields:
| void user_bcopy | ( | char * | , |
| char * | , | ||
| int | |||
| ) |


Congratulations, you just encoded your first rest. The next one will be easy:
Encode a sequence of five rests:
For the third rest, you need an additional @dots
attribute, where you need to specify
the number of dots as an integer – in this case, it's simply a dots="1"
. Keep in mind that the
@dur
attribute can have values like "1"
, "2"
, "4"
,
"8"
or "16"
.


--- layout: page title: Portfolio tags: [] status: publish type: page published: true meta: _edit_last: "1" _wp_page_template: default ---
This is an expanded view of the various individual projects I've worked on both for fun and profit. The condensed version is my resume. I've also undertaken some other programming projects in my spare time. Also, my LinkedIn profile.


Family separations push new protesters to join activists
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By Gillian Falccus
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Trump has appointed some major corporate cronies
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Inside the White House’s Quiet Campaign to Create a Supreme Court Opening
New York Times - 8:20AM
By Adam Liptak and Maggie Haberman
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Between the lines: China and Trump are in a different place on the WTO
Axios - 10:39AM
By Bill Bishop
Opinion
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Concern over using US military to help border enforcement
Associated Press - 10:39AM
By Roburt Burns
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Both Parties Mobilize for Supreme Court Battle
Wall Street Journal - 10:01AM
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Five highlights from the tense Wray-Rosenstein hearing
The Hill - 9:01AM
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In waging trade war, Trump must pick an enemy
Bloomberg News - 11:21AM
By Matthew Campbell
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The Democrats Are Done Pretending to Be Moderate
Nation Review - 11:21AM
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'Who is funding Mexico's presidential candidates?'
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By Christine Murray
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Trump's New IRS 'Postcard' Is Not So Simple"
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Trump threats to pull US out of WTO"
Mic.com - 10:30AM
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New arms race undermining landmark nuclear control treaty"
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By Mike Farris
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Why Mexico’s Presidential Election Matters"
The Federalist - 2:PM
By Helen Raleigh
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Trump’s SCOTUS pick is the “Forrest Gump of Republican Politics"
Mother Jones - 9:45AM
By Elizabeth Dias and Jeremy W. Peters
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White House Is Becoming A Ghost Town. Trump Loyalists Worry"
Buzzfeed News - 11:02AM
By Tarini Parti
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Hillary Clinton Endorses Harassment of Women in Government
Breitbart News - 11:02AM
By Joshua Caplan
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Pro-Trump candidate says club canceled event over her ‘political views’
The Blaze - 1:09PM
By Dave Urbanski
Opinion
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---
layout: post
title: As old horses go to the knacker's yard...
date: '2009-07-25T16:32:00.002-05:00'
author: Jabell
tags:
- Quotes
- Literature
- Books
modified_time: '2009-07-25T16:42:54.203-05:00'
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-19739956.post-6431168919893319743
blogger_orig_url: http://theabellsix.blogspot.com/2009/07/as-old-horses-go-to-knackers-yard.html
---
The truth is not simply that words originally innocent tend to acquire a bad sense. The vocabulary of flattery and insult is continually enlarged at the expense of the vocabulary of definition. As old horses go to the knacker's yard, or old ships to the breakers, so words in their last decay go to swell the enormous list of synonyms for good and bad. And as long as most people are more anxious to express their likes and dislikes than to describe facts, this must remain a universal truth about language.
—C. S. Lewis, "The Death of Words," On Stories and Other Essays on Literature, p. 106.


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We’re giving away $1,500 for you to spend on Cyber Deals
by Manuel FloresGet your shopping carts ready! Five lucky winners will each win a gift card to the retailer of their choice between Amazon, Best Buy, or Walmart. Giveaway ends Dec. 3, 2019
I hope everyone has started prepping for this year's Cyber Week deals because you all won't want to miss this sweepstakes. ZDNet is making sure five lucky readers are well-equipped to take advantage of all the offers coming. Each winner will receive a gift card of varying values to their retailer of choice between Amazon, Best Buy, or Walmart. The prize breakdown is as follows:
- Grand prize: $500
- First prize: $400
- Second prize: $300
- Third prize: $200
- Fourth prize: $100
Whether you're looking to splurge on yourself or get some holiday shopping done, everyone would love some extra spending cash. What would you purchase if you were to win? Head to the comments and let us know. I know I could really use a new pair of wireless earphones.
Also: More Black Friday deals at CNET
Looking to be one of our five lucky winners? Please read our rules carefully, and fill out the form agreeing to our terms and conditions. Don't forget, you can additional entries by completing the actions on the form like following us on social media, visiting sites and more.
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EKU takes on Cleveland St.
by EndPlayWASHINGTON - Eastern Kentucky (3-3) vs. Cleveland State (2-4)
Entertainment & Sports Arena, Washington; Saturday, 3:30 p.m. EST
BOTTOM LINE: Cleveland State plays Eastern Kentucky in a non-conference matchup. Both teams last saw action on Friday. Cleveland State won over UNC Wilmington 47-46, while Eastern Kentucky came up short in an 89-70 game to Florida International.
STEPPING UP: Cleveland State's Tre Gomillion has averaged 8.8 points and 5.7 rebounds while Algevon Eichelberger has put up nine points and 5.5 rebounds. For the Colonels, Jomaru Brown has averaged 20.2 points while Ty Taylor has put up 12.8 points and 4.8 rebounds.JUMPING FOR JOMARU: Brown has connected on 33.3 percent of the 30 3-pointers he's attempted. He's also converted 82.6 percent of his foul shots this season.
ASSIST DISTRIBUTION: The Colonels have recently converted baskets via assists more often than the Vikings. Cleveland State has 32 assists on 57 field goals (56.1 percent) across its past three outings while Eastern Kentucky has assists on 47 of 83 field goals (56.6 percent) during its past three games.
DID YOU KNOW: The Eastern Kentucky defense has forced opponents into turnovers on an impressive 28.2 percent of all possessions, which ranks the Colonels 14th among Division I teams. Cleveland State has turned the ball over on 23.3 percent of its possessions (ranking the Vikings 310th, nationally).
___
For more AP college basketball coverage: https://apnews.com/Collegebasketball and http://twitter.com/AP_Top25
___
This was generated by Automated Insights, http://www.automatedinsights.com/ap, using data from STATS LLC, https://www.stats.com


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Time measurement is carried out using Benchmark.js.
Esprima version .
Please wait...
Warning: Since each parser may have a different format for the syntax tree, the speed is not fully comparable (the cost of constructing different result is not taken into account). These tests exist only to ensure that Esprima parser is not ridiculously slow compare to other parsers.
parse-js is the parser used in UglifyJS v1. It's a
JavaScript port of the Common LISP version. This test uses
parse-js
from UglifyJS version 1.3.2 (June 26 2012).
Acorn is a compact stand-alone JavaScript parser. This test uses Acorn revision 0590d122 (dated Oct 3 2012).
More comparison variants will be added in the near future.


module NKF
NKF - Ruby extension for Network Kanji Filter
Description¶ ↑
This is a Ruby Extension version of nkf (Network Kanji Filter). It converts the first argument and returns converted result. Conversion details are specified by flags as the first argument.
Nkf is a yet another kanji code converter among networks, hosts and terminals. It converts input kanji code to designated kanji code such as ISO-2022-JP, Shift_JIS, EUC-JP, UTF-8 or UTF-16.
One of the most unique faculty of nkf is the guess of the input kanji encodings. It currently recognizes ISO-2022-JP, Shift_JIS, EUC-JP, UTF-8 and UTF-16. So users needn't set the input kanji code explicitly.
By default, X0201 kana is converted into X0208 kana. For X0201 kana, SO/SI, SSO and ESC-(-I methods are supported. For automatic code detection, nkf assumes no X0201 kana in Shift_JIS. To accept X0201 in Shift_JIS, use -X, -x or -S.
Flags¶ ↑
-b -u¶ ↑
Output is buffered (DEFAULT), Output is unbuffered.
-j -s -e -w -w16 -w32¶ ↑
Output code is ISO-2022-JP (7bit JIS), Shift_JIS, EUC-JP, UTF-8N, UTF-16BE, UTF-32BE. Without this option and compile option, ISO-2022-JP is assumed.
-J -S -E -W -W16 -W32¶ ↑
Input assumption is JIS 7 bit, Shift_JIS, EUC-JP, UTF-8, UTF-16, UTF-32.
-J¶ ↑
Assume JIS input. It also accepts EUC-JP. This is the default. This flag does not exclude Shift_JIS.
-S¶ ↑
Assume Shift_JIS and X0201 kana input. It also accepts JIS. EUC-JP is recognized as X0201 kana. Without -x flag, X0201 kana (halfwidth kana) is converted into X0208.
-E¶ ↑
Assume EUC-JP input. It also accepts JIS. Same as -J.
-t¶ ↑
No conversion.
-i_¶ ↑
Output sequence to designate JIS-kanji. (DEFAULT B)
-o_¶ ↑
Output sequence to designate ASCII. (DEFAULT B)
-r¶ ↑
{de/en}crypt ROT13/47
-h –hiragana –katakana –katakana-hiragana¶ ↑
- -h1 –hiragana
-
Katakana to Hiragana conversion.
- -h2 –katakana
-
Hiragana to Katakana conversion.
- -h3 –katakana-hiragana
-
Katakana to Hiragana and Hiragana to Katakana conversion.
-T¶ ↑
Text mode output (MS-DOS)
-l¶ ↑
ISO8859-1 (Latin-1) support
-f[m
[- n
]]¶ ↑
Folding on m
length with n
margin in a line.
Without this option, fold length is 60 and fold margin is 10.
-F¶ ↑
New line preserving line folding.
-Z¶ ↑
Convert X0208 alphabet (Fullwidth Alphabets) to ASCII.
- -Z -Z0
-
Convert X0208 alphabet to ASCII.
- -Z1
-
Converts X0208 kankaku to single ASCII space.
- -Z2
-
Converts X0208 kankaku to double ASCII spaces.
- -Z3
-
Replacing Fullwidth >, <, “, & into '>', '<', '"', '&' as in HTML.
-X -x¶ ↑
Assume X0201 kana in MS-Kanji. With -X or without this option, X0201 is converted into X0208 Kana. With -x, try to preserve X0208 kana and do not convert X0201 kana to X0208. In JIS output, ESC-(-I is used. In EUC output, SSO is used.
-B¶ ↑
Assume broken JIS-Kanji input, which lost ESC. Useful when your site is using old B-News Nihongo patch.
- -B1
-
allows any char after ESC-( or ESC-$.
- -B2
-
forces ASCII after NL.
-I¶ ↑
Replacing non iso-2022-jp char into a geta character (substitute character in Japanese).
-d -c¶ ↑
Delete r in line feed, Add r in line feed.
-m¶ ↑
MIME ISO-2022-JP/ISO8859-1 decode. (DEFAULT) To see ISO8859-1 (Latin-1) -l is necessary.
- -mB
-
Decode MIME base64 encoded stream. Remove header or other part before
conversion.
- -mQ
-
Decode MIME quoted stream. '_' in quoted stream is converted to space.
- -mN
-
Non-strict decoding.
It allows line break in the middle of the base64 encoding.
- -m0
-
No MIME decode.
-M¶ ↑
MIME encode. Header style. All ASCII code and control characters are intact. Kanji conversion is performed before encoding, so this cannot be used as a picture encoder.
- -MB
-
MIME encode Base64 stream.
- -MQ
-
Perfome quoted encoding.
-l¶ ↑
Input and output code is ISO8859-1 (Latin-1) and ISO-2022-JP. -s, -e and -x are not compatible with this option.
-L¶ ↑
new line mode Without this option, nkf doesn't convert line breaks.
- -Lu
-
unix (LF)
- -Lw
-
windows (CRLF)
- -Lm
-
mac (CR)
–fj –unix –mac –msdos –windows¶ ↑
convert for these system
–jis –euc –sjis –mime –base64¶ ↑
convert for named code
–jis-input –euc-input –sjis-input –mime-input –base64-input¶ ↑
assume input system
–ic=input codeset
–oc=output codeset
¶ ↑
Set the input or output codeset. NKF supports following codesets and those codeset name are case insensitive.
- ISO-2022-JP
-
a.k.a. RFC1468, 7bit JIS, JUNET
- EUC-JP (eucJP-nkf)
- eucJP-ascii
-
a.k.a. x-eucjp-open-19970715-ascii
- eucJP-ms
-
a.k.a. x-eucjp-open-19970715-ms
- CP51932
-
Microsoft Version of EUC-JP.
- Shift_JIS
-
SJIS, MS-Kanji
- Windows-31J
-
a.k.a. CP932
- UTF-8
-
same as UTF-8N
- UTF-8N
-
UTF-8 without BOM
- UTF-8-BOM
-
UTF-8 with BOM
- UTF-16
-
same as UTF-16BE
- UTF-16BE
-
UTF-16 Big Endian without BOM
- UTF-16BE-BOM
-
UTF-16 Big Endian with BOM
- UTF-16LE
-
UTF-16 Little Endian without BOM
- UTF-16LE-BOM
-
UTF-16 Little Endian with BOM
- UTF-32
-
same as UTF-32BE
- UTF-32BE
-
UTF-32 Big Endian without BOM
- UTF-32BE-BOM
-
UTF-32 Big Endian with BOM
- UTF-32LE
-
UTF-32 Little Endian without BOM
- UTF-32LE-BOM
-
UTF-32 Little Endian with BOM
- UTF8-MAC
-
NKDed UTF-8, a.k.a. UTF8-NFD (input only)
–fb-{skip, html, xml, perl, java, subchar}¶ ↑
Specify the way that nkf handles unassigned characters. Without this option, –fb-skip is assumed.
–prefix= escape character
target character
..¶ ↑
When nkf converts to Shift_JIS, nkf adds a specified escape character to specified 2nd byte of Shift_JIS characters. 1st byte of argument is the escape character and following bytes are target characters.
–no-cp932ext¶ ↑
Handle the characters extended in CP932 as unassigned characters.
–no-best-fit-chars¶ ↑
When Unicode to Encoded byte conversion, don't convert characters which is not round trip safe. When Unicode to Unicode conversion, with this and -x option, nkf can be used as UTF converter. (In other words, without this and -x option, nkf doesn't save some characters)
When nkf convert string which related to path, you should use this opion.
–cap-input¶ ↑
Decode hex encoded characters.
–url-input¶ ↑
Unescape percent escaped characters.
–¶ ↑
Ignore rest of -option.
Constants
- ASCII
- AUTO
- BINARY
- EUC
- JIS
- NKF_RELEASE_DATE
Release date of nkf
- NKF_VERSION
Version of nkf
- NOCONV
- SJIS
- UNKNOWN
- UTF16
- UTF32
- UTF8
- VERSION
Full version string of nkf
Public Class Methods
Returns guessed encoding of str by nkf routine.
static VALUE rb_nkf_guess(VALUE obj, VALUE src) { reinit(); input_ctr = 0; StringValue(src); input = (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(src); i_len = RSTRING_LENINT(src); guess_f = TRUE; kanji_convert( NULL ); guess_f = FALSE; return rb_enc_from_encoding(rb_nkf_enc_get(get_guessed_code())); }
Convert str and return converted result. Conversion details are specified by opt as String.
require 'nkf' output = NKF.nkf("-s", input)
static VALUE rb_nkf_convert(VALUE obj, VALUE opt, VALUE src) { VALUE tmp; reinit(); StringValue(opt); nkf_split_options(RSTRING_PTR(opt)); if (!output_encoding) rb_raise(rb_eArgError, "no output encoding given"); switch (nkf_enc_to_index(output_encoding)) { case UTF_8_BOM: output_encoding = nkf_enc_from_index(UTF_8); break; case UTF_16BE_BOM: output_encoding = nkf_enc_from_index(UTF_16BE); break; case UTF_16LE_BOM: output_encoding = nkf_enc_from_index(UTF_16LE); break; case UTF_32BE_BOM: output_encoding = nkf_enc_from_index(UTF_32BE); break; case UTF_32LE_BOM: output_encoding = nkf_enc_from_index(UTF_32LE); break; } output_bom_f = FALSE; incsize = INCSIZE; input_ctr = 0; StringValue(src); input = (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(src); i_len = RSTRING_LENINT(src); tmp = rb_str_new(0, i_len*3 + 10); output_ctr = 0; output = (unsigned char *)RSTRING_PTR(tmp); o_len = RSTRING_LENINT(tmp); *output = '\0'; /* use _result_ begin*/ result = tmp; kanji_convert(NULL); result = Qnil; /* use _result_ end */ rb_str_set_len(tmp, output_ctr); OBJ_INFECT(tmp, src); if (mimeout_f) rb_enc_associate(tmp, rb_usascii_encoding()); else rb_enc_associate(tmp, rb_nkf_enc_get(nkf_enc_name(output_encoding))); return tmp; }


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public interface ApnsPushNotification
A push notification that can be sent through the Apple Push Notification service (APNs). Push notifications have a token that identifies the device to which it should be sent, a topic (generally the bundle ID of the receiving app), a JSON payload, and (optionally) a time at which the notification is invalid and should no longer be delivered.
| 限定符和类型 | 方法和说明 |
|---|---|
Date |
getExpiration()
Returns the time at which Apple's push notification service should stop trying to deliver this push notification.
|
String |
getPayload()
Returns the JSON-encoded payload of this push notification.
|
DeliveryPriority |
getPriority()
Returns the priority with which this push notification should be sent to the receiving device.
|
String |
getToken()
Returns the token of the device to which this push notification is to be sent.
|
String |
getTopic()
Returns the topic to which this notification should be sent.
|
String getToken()
String getPayload()
Date getExpiration()
null
, the push notification service will not attempt to store the notification at all. Note that APNs
will only store one notification per device token for re-delivery at a time.DeliveryPriority getPriority()
null
,
an immediate delivery priority is assumed.String getTopic()
Returns the topic to which this notification should be sent. This is generally the bundle ID of the receiving app.
Some (older) APNs certificates contain only a single topic; if this push notification is sent via a client using
a single-topic certificate, this topic may be null
, in which case the APNs gateway will use the
certificate's subject (the bundle ID for the receiving app) as the topic.
null
for the default topic if this
notification is sent on a connection with a single-topic certificateCopyright © 2013–2018 RelayRides. All rights reserved.


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April 29
When he [the devil] speaks a lie, he speaks of his own: for he is a liar, and the father
of it.
John 8:44
Some people find it difficult to believe God's promises because they've seen so many things in the natural world that seem to contradict them. They've seen faithful tithers go broke.  In reality, it would be more accurate to say that they think they've seen those things. Because, you see, there's a deceiver at work in the world. A deceiver who's busily doing the same thing he's been doing ever since the Garden of Eden: tricking mankind into believing God's Word isn't true.
And, after working on it for thousands of years, he's a master at it. Think about that the next time he tries to make things look as though God's Word is not going to work
for you, when he makes it look like all hope is lost. Say, "I don't care about appearances. I believe the Word and I refuse to doubt it."
Let me show you what I mean. Have you ever seen a magic show where someone crawls inside a box and then is sawn in half? You can see it with your own two eyes. The guy's feet are sticking out one end of the box and his head is poking out the other, and the box is plainly cut in two. Then the magician slides the two halves back together and the sawed-apart fellow jumps out of the box in one piece.
Now tell me, did you really believe, even for a moment, that fellow was truly cut in half? Of course not! You knew that you'd seen a trick, a deception, something that appeared one way when, in reality, it was a different way altogether. You may not have known how it was done. You may not have been able to explain it. But you knew a person couldn't be sawn in half, then put back together, so you refused to believe your eyes. That's exactly the way you need to be where the Word of God is concerned. You need to learn to trust it and rely on it to such an extent that when Satan shows you something in the natural world that appears to contradict it, you just say, "Well, I saw that, but I'm not going to be gullible enough to believe it. I'm just going to stick with the Word."
If you'll do that, the father of lies will never be able to put one over on you.
Scripture Reading: Psalm 119:89-104


Preparation time
less than 30 mins
Cooking time
10 to 30 mins
Serves
Serves 2
Place the tomatoes into a bowl and cover with boiling water. Set aside for 30 seconds, then drain the tomatoes and peel away the skins.
Cut the peeled tomatoes into quarters, setting the seeds and excess juice aside in a separate bowl. (NB: The seeds and excess tomato juice are not needed for this recipe. They can be frozen for use in stocks, sauces and soups.) Chop the tomato flesh roughly.
Heat a frying pan over a medium to high heat, add the cumin seeds and dry fry until toasted and fragrant.
Add two tablespoons of the olive oil and all of the spinach leaves, stirring well to coat the spinach in the oil. Continue to cook until the spinach has wilted.
Add the chopped tomato flesh, garlic, lemon juice and season, to taste, with salt and freshly ground black pepper. Continue to cook, stirring occasionally, for 6-8 minutes, or until most of the excess liquid has evaporated but the pan contents still retain some moisture.
Transfer the spinach mixture to a bowl, then add the remaining olive oil to the same pan and pan juices and return to a medium heat.
Add the chopped prawns and fry for 2-3 minutes, or until pink and opaque.
Return the spinach and tomato mixture to the pan and continue to cook until warmed through. Serve immediately with crusty white bread, if using.