Thermodynamic Properties of the Quantum Harmonic Oscillator
Introduction
The quantum harmonic oscillator is one of the staple problems in quantum mechanics. It has that perfect combination of being relatively easy to analyze while touching on a huge number of physics concepts. Additionally, it is useful in real-world engineering applications and is the inspiration for second quantization and quantum field theories.
Most introductory quantum mechanics courses stop the analysis of the quantum harmonic oscillator at finding the energy levels of the different energy eigenstates. However, we can do so much more! The simple structure of the energy levels allows us to easily compute some of the thermodynamic properties of the quantum harmonic oscillator. Let’s take a look.
The Partition Function
If we want to study the thermodynamic properties of the quantum harmonic oscillator, then it makes sense to start our analysis with the derivation of the partition function. This is a quantum mechanical system with discrete energy levels; thus, the partition function has the form:
\[\begin{equation} Z = Tr \left ( e^{-\beta \hat{H}}\right ) \end{equation}\]In the expression above, \(\hat{H}\) is the Hamiltonian of the system while \(\beta\) is the thermodynamic beta. Normally, taking the trace of a matrix exponential is a long and painful process. However, we can easily calculate this sum if we choose eigenvectors in the energy basis. The quantum harmonic oscillator has an infinite number of energy levels, indexed by the letter n.
\[\begin{align} Z &= Tr \left ( e^{-\beta \hat{H}} \right )\\[0.1cm] &= \sum_{n=0}^\infty \left \langle n \right | e^{-\beta \hat{H}} \left | n \right \rangle\\[0.1cm] &= \sum_{n=0}^\infty e^{-\beta E_n}\\[0.1cm] \end{align}\]Students of quantum mechanics will recognize the familiar formula for the energy eigenvalues of the quantum harmonic oscillator.
\[\begin{equation} E_n = \left ( n + \frac{1}{2} \right ) \hbar \omega \end{equation}\]Plugging this expression for energy into the partition function yields:
\[\begin{align} Z &= \sum_{n=0}^\infty e^{-\beta \left ( n + \frac{1}{2} \right ) \hbar \omega}\\[0.1cm] &= \sum_{n=0}^\infty e^{-\beta n \hbar \omega}e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2}\\[0.1cm] &= e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2} \sum_{n=0}^\infty e^{-\beta n \hbar \omega}\\[0.1cm] &= e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2} \sum_{n=0}^\infty \left ( e^{-\beta \hbar \omega} \right )^n \end{align}\]The product \(\beta \hbar \omega\) is always positive, so the exponent in the sum is always going to be less than one. Thus, we can sum this exponent using a geometric series:
\[\begin{equation} \sum_{n=0}^\infty x^n = \frac{1}{1 - x} \end{equation}\]The partition function becomes:
\[\begin{align} Z &= e^{-\beta \hbar \omega/2} \left ( \frac{1}{1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega}} \right )\\[0.1cm] &= \left ( \frac{1}{e^{\beta \hbar \omega/2}} \right ) \left ( \frac{1}{1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega}} \right )\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{1}{e^{\beta \hbar \omega/2} - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega/2}}\\[0.1cm] \end{align}\]If you want to be really fancy, you can write the partition function in terms of a hyperbolic cosecant.
\[\begin{equation} Z = \frac{1}{e^{\beta\hbar\omega/2} - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2}} = \frac{1}{2} csch \left ( \frac{\beta \hbar \omega}{2} \right ) \end{equation}\]For me personally, a hyperbolic cosecant is all flash and no substance. We need to take derivatives and logorithms of the partition function in order to find the different thermodynamic properties. It is much easier to do that when the partition function is in terms of exponents instead of inverse hyperbolic functions! Shown below is a plot of the partition function versus temperature (T). I set \(\hbar \omega = 1 \times 10^{-20}\) J, corresponding to oscillations (\(\omega\)) in the infrared light frequency.
Helmholtz Free Energy
Once I get the partition function for a system, I like to calculate the Helmholtz free energy next. It usually is a pretty quick calculation, and it can be used as a stepping stone for future thermodynamic quantities. The definition of the Helmholtz free energy is:
\[\begin{equation} F = -\frac{1}{\beta} ln(Z) \end{equation}\]Since products can be separated within logarithms, I will use this slight raw form of the partition function rather than the final expression we got above:
\[\begin{equation} Z = e^{-\beta \hbar \omega/2} \left ( \frac{1}{1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega}} \right ) \end{equation}\]This will make the final expression look much nicer. Plugging in the expression for \(Z\) and simplifying yields:
\[\begin{align} F &= -\frac{1}{\beta} ln \left [ e^{-\beta \hbar \omega/2} \left ( \frac{1}{1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega}} \right ) \right ]\\[0.1cm] &= -\frac{1}{\beta} ln \left ( e^{-\beta \hbar \omega/2} \right ) -\frac{1}{\beta} ln \left ( \frac{1}{1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega}} \right )\\[0.1cm] &= -\frac{1}{\beta} \left (-\frac{\beta \hbar \omega}{2} \right ) + \frac{1}{\beta} ln \left ( 1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega} \right )\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{\hbar \omega}{2} + \frac{1}{\beta} ln \left ( 1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega} \right ) \end{align}\]Shown below is a plot of the Helmholtz free energy versus temperature (T). Once again, I set \(\hbar \omega = 1 \times 10^{-20}\) J, corresponding to oscillations (\(\omega\)) in the infrared light frequency. Notice how the x-axis (temperature) is extended to larger values in this plot.
Entropy
The entropy of the quantum harmonic oscillator is very straightforward to calculate once you have the Helmholtz free energy. Recall that the expression for entropy is:
\[\begin{equation} S = -\left ( \frac{\partial F}{\partial T} \right )_{V,N} \end{equation}\]Let’s plug in the Helmholtz free energy and turn the crank!
\[\begin{align} S &= -\frac{\partial}{\partial T} \left [ \frac{\hbar \omega}{2} + \frac{1}{\beta} ln \left ( 1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega} \right ) \right ]\\[0.1cm] &= -\frac{\partial}{\partial T} \left [ kT ln \left ( 1 - e^{-\hbar \omega/(kT)} \right ) \right ]\\[0.1cm] &= -k ln \left ( 1 - e^{-\hbar \omega/(kT)} \right ) - \left ( \frac{kT}{1 - e^{-\hbar \omega/(kT)}} \right ) \left ( -\frac{\hbar\omega}{kT^2} e^{-\hbar\omega/(kT)} \right )\\[0.1cm] &= -k ln \left ( 1 - e^{-\hbar \omega/(kT)} \right ) + \left ( \frac{\hbar\omega}{T} \right ) \left ( \frac{e^{-\hbar\omega/(kT)}}{1 - e^{-\hbar \omega/(kT)}} \right )\\[0.1cm] &= -k ln \left ( 1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega} \right ) + \left ( \frac{\hbar\omega}{T} \right ) \left ( \frac{e^{-\beta \hbar\omega}}{1 - e^{-\beta \hbar \omega}} \right ) \end{align}\]Shown below is a plot of the entropy versus temperature (T). I set \(\hbar \omega = 1 \times 10^{-20}\) J, corresponding to oscillations (\(\omega\)) in the infrared light frequency.
The Average Energy
Finally, we can calculate the average energy of the quantum harmonic oscillator.
\[\begin{equation} \langle E \rangle = -\frac{\partial ln(Z)}{\partial \beta} \end{equation}\]Plug the partition function into the formula above and work through the exponentials.
\[\begin{align} \langle E \rangle &= -\frac{\partial ln(Z)}{\partial \beta}\\[0.1cm] &= -\frac{\partial}{\partial \beta} \left [ ln \left ( \frac{1}{e^{\beta\hbar\omega/2} - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2}} \right ) \right ]\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{\partial}{\partial \beta} \left [ ln \left ( e^{\beta\hbar\omega/2} - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2} \right ) \right ]\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{\frac{\hbar\omega}{2} e^{\beta\hbar\omega/2} + \frac{\hbar\omega}{2} e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2}}{e^{\beta\hbar\omega/2} - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2}}\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{\hbar\omega}{2} \frac{e^{\beta\hbar\omega/2} + e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2}}{e^{\beta\hbar\omega/2} - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega/2}}\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{\hbar\omega}{2} \frac{1 + e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}{1 - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}} \end{align}\]We can simplify this problem further by adding and subtracting an exponential in the numerator.
\[\begin{align} \langle E \rangle &= \frac{\hbar\omega}{2} \frac{1 + e^{-\beta\hbar\omega} + e^{-\beta\hbar\omega} - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}{1 - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{\hbar\omega}{2} \frac{\left ( 1 - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega} \right ) + 2e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}{1 - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{\hbar\omega}{2} \frac{1 - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}{1 - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}} + \frac{\hbar\omega}{2} \frac{2e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}{1 - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}\\[0.1cm] &= \frac{\hbar\omega}{2} + \frac{\hbar\omega e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}}{1 - e^{-\beta\hbar\omega}} \end{align}\]The graph below shows the average energy of the system as a function of temperature. I set \(\hbar \omega = 1 \times 10^{-20}\) J, corresponding to oscillations (\(\omega\)) in the infrared light frequency.
Conclusions
And there we have it! We calculated and plotted some of the thermodynamic quantities corresponding to the quantum harmonic oscillator. Take a close look at the graphs for Helmholtz free energy and average energy. As the temperature approaches absolute zero, the energy does not go down to zero. Instead, it approaches \(\hbar \omega/2\). This is the famous zero-point energy that physicists love to talk about so much!
By the way, you might be wondering why I stopped with the thermodynamic quantities above. Why not calculate the chemical potential or the specific heat or any number of other quantities? Well, many of the other quantities only make sense if you have a collection of particles. With only one oscillator, chemical potential does not mean much.
Until next week!


s6
Software
skarnet.org
The s6-tai64nlocal program
s6-tai64nlocal acts as a filter, reading from stdin and writing to stdout.
For every line that begins with a
TAI64N
timestamp, it replaces this timestamp with a human-readable local date and
time.
Interface
s6-tai64nlocal [ -g ]
- s6-tai64nlocal exits 0 when it sees the end of stdin. If there's an
unfinished line, s6-tai64nlocal processes it
and writes it before exiting.
Options
- -g : print GMT time instead of local time.
Notes
- The typical use case of s6-tai64nlocal is to read files that have
been filtered through s6-tai64n, or log files
that have been produced by s6-log with the -t
option. For instance, to read the latest httpd logs with human-readable
timestamps, s6-tai64nlocal < /var/log/httpd/current | less is a
possible command.
- s6-tai64nlocal does neither "line buffering" nor "block buffering". It does
optimal buffering, i.e. it flushes its output buffer every time
it risks blocking on input.
Troubleshooting
If s6-tai64nlocal does not appear to give the correct local time:
- Check the compilation options that were used for the
skalibs libraries
your s6-tai64nlocal program was linked against. In particular, check whether the
--enable-tai-clock or --enable-right-tz configure options
have been given.
- Compare these flags and their meanings with your current timezone. In particular,
check /etc/localtime, /etc/timezone, /etc/TZ, and the TZ
environment variable.


Opening: April 13, 2016
Architectural design: Leopoldo de Almeida Rosa
Platform length: 105 m
Code: RB
Wikipedia page


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It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters.


A classic snake game using HTML5 Canvas & JavaScript
Press an arrow key to start the game
Github Repo
Talk Slides (ngGirlsKarachi #roadToAngular Workshop 3)


Welcome to
Tikka Lounge
The best Pizza place in the country
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Do you want to order another pizza of a different type?
Order another pizza
Size
Choose your pizza size
Large
Medium
Small
Crust
Choose pizza crust
Vegan Friendly
Glutten Free
Neapolitan
New York Style
Cheese
Crispy
Topping
Choose topping to be applied
Tomatoes
Onions
Mushrooms
Pineapples
Chicken
Do you want to add another topping?
Add
Tomatoes
Onions
Mushrooms
Pineapples
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Mushrooms
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more US history can be found at Chesterfield Learning Center
Qualities of this web-page - from an armature HTML hacker's viewpoint:
- clear what the site is about, who sponsors the site, and contact info
- side table to show other available services (such as learning algebra)
- easy to read AND navigate - rather than trying to be fancy
- list of specific topics covered in this website
- back to Home Page


[gecode-users] IntVarArgs of unknown size...
Sébastien Mouthuy
smouthuy at gmail.com
Mon May 21 20:35:25 CEST 2007
Hello everybody,
I have a class with an IntVarArgs as instance variable, but its size is
unknown at creation of my class. How can I safely set the size of my
IntVarArgs in a function that is not my constructor.
There is the allocate(int) function, but it is protected, and I am not
sure whether it is safe to use it.
Thanks. Cheers,
sebastien
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This tool allows you to find difference between two URLs parameter by parameter.
It finds same GET parameters by name in URLs and compare their values.
If they differ -- then cell of second URL marked with yellow,
if values equal -- white,
if parameter doesn't exist in second URL -- red,
in opposite if parameter exists only in second URL -- cell of second URL will be marked with green.
So the order of two URLs matters, you'll have different visual result if you swap URLs,
but of course it won't change logical meaning.
Arrays are supported, but with their own way.
Tool only shows if current value of array-parameter exists (or doesn't) in second URL.
Keys of compared arrays are shown but are not taken into account while comparing.
Only one-dimensional arrays are supported for the present, multi-dimensional arrays will be considered as one-dimensional
In additional a part of URL like this: '&abc=1&abc=33&abc=543&abc=99' will be considered as an array abc with values [1, 33, 543, 99]
Some parameter values can be changed, corresponding URL will be changed too and whole table will be drawn from scratch.


NOTE! Nestable List Plugin supported in Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari, Internet Explorer 10 and Internet Explorer 9 only. Internet Explorer 8 not supported.
NOTE! Nestable List Plugin supported in Firefox, Chrome, Opera, Safari, Internet Explorer 10 and Internet Explorer 9 only. Internet Explorer 8 not supported.


UnWrap Your bscDUCO
In order to UnWrap your tokens, you need to connect your browser wallet (such as MetaMask) and Switch to the Binance Smart Chain or Matic mainet.


- Key - Class in capstone.element
-
A key element.
- Key(Point, Representation) - Constructor for class capstone.element.Key
-
Constructs a new key from a Point and an Representation.
- keyMap() - Method in class capstone.data.Profile
-
- keyMap(KeyMap) - Method in class capstone.data.Profile
-
Sets the KeyMap for the Profile.
- KeyMap - Class in capstone.utility
-
A bidirectional hashtable to map keys to directions for players.
- KeyMap(char, char, char, char) - Constructor for class capstone.utility.KeyMap
-
Constructs the KeyMap with the given characters as keys.
- KeyMap(String) - Constructor for class capstone.utility.KeyMap
-
Utility constructor to pass the four character-keys as a string.
- KeyMap(Key.Kind, Key.Kind, Key.Kind, Key.Kind) - Constructor for class capstone.utility.KeyMap
-
Constructs the KeyMap from the four InputKey Kinds (i.e.
- KeyMap(InputKey, InputKey, InputKey, InputKey) - Constructor for class capstone.utility.KeyMap
-
Constructs the KeyMap from the four full InputKey objects.
- KeyMap(Map<InputKey, Direction>) - Constructor for class capstone.utility.KeyMap
-
Constructs the KeyMap from the given forward-mapping
(forward means key -> direction).
- KeyMapCreationWidget - Class in capstone.ui
-
Manages creation of a new KeyMap.
- KeyMapCreationWidget(ComboBox) - Constructor for class capstone.ui.KeyMapCreationWidget
-
Creates a KeyMapCreationWidget and associates it with a ComboBox.
- keys() - Method in class capstone.utility.KeyMap
-
- keys() - Method in class capstone.utility.Page
-
- keysCollected() - Method in class capstone.game.Level
-
- kind() - Method in class capstone.element.Element
-
- Kind() - Constructor for enum capstone.element.Element.Kind
-
- Kind() - Constructor for enum capstone.ui.ButtonSlot.Kind
-
- kinds() - Static method in enum capstone.element.Element.Kind
-


Write a testing class TestTrace
that contains the static main() method,
and another class CallEg
that contains three methods.
The main()
method will create a CallEg
object
and call its methodA()
.
class CallEg { public void methodA() throws ArithmeticException { } public void methodB() throws ArithmeticException { } public void methodC() throws ArithmeticException { } } public class TestTrace { public static void main ( String[] args ) { CallEg eg = new CallEg(); // use default constructor try { eg.methodA(); } catch ( ArithmeticException oops ) { oops.printStackTrace(); } } }
The catch{}
block in main()
prints a stack trace.
methodA()
that divides by zero to
create an ArithmeticException.
. Observe the output.methodA()
.
Change the code so that methodA()
calls
methodB()
which calls methodC()
.
Put a statement in methodC()
that divides by zero to
create an ArithmeticException.
. Observe the output.methodA()
calls
methodB()
inside a try{}
block,
and methodB()
calls methodC()
inside a try{}
block.
In methodC()
put the divide by zero statement
inside a try{}
block.
After each try{}
block put a catch{}
block
which catches the exception, prints a stack trace, and
throws the exception object to its caller.
Observe the output.Notice that the stack trace contains information about which class and which method was active at the time of the exception.
Click here to go back to the main menu.
Modify the code of the previous exercise so that you have
a testing class TestTrace
and three classes CallEgA
, CallEgB
,
and CallEgC
.
Class CallEgA
has a method which constructs
a CallEgB
object and calls its method.
Class CallEgB
has a method which constructs
a CallEgC
object and calls its method.
The method of CallEgC
divides by zero:
class CallEgA { } class CallEgB { } class CallEgC { } public class TestTrace { public static void main ( String[] args ) { CallEgA eg = new CallEgA(); // use default constructor try { eg.method(); } catch ( ArithmeticException oops ) { oops.printStackTrace(); } } }
Run the program and observe the stack trace.
Click here to go back to the main menu.Create the following program (or better yet, copy and paste it into your editor). Run it and observe that the stack trace shows only those methods that were active at the time of the exception. (In other words, the stack trace does not show a complete history of the calls.)
class Divider { public void methodA() { System.out.println("Result: " + 12/4 ); } public void methodB() { System.out.println("Result: " + 12/3 ); } public void methodC() { System.out.println("Result: " + 12/0 ); } } public class TestTrace { public static void main ( String[] args ) { Divider dvdr = new Divider(); try { dvdr.methodA( ); dvdr.methodB( ); dvdr.methodC( ); } catch ( ArithmeticException oops ) { oops.printStackTrace(); } } }
Run the program and observe the stack trace.
Click here to go back to the main menu.Change the Insurance Program so that it uses only normal programming logic to check the age and to calculate the insurance.
Put in exception handling where it is appropriate: put the
I/O statements inside a try{}
block
and catch the possible exceptions.
End of Exercises.


Meghan Markle, Prince Harry could already be planning for baby number 2
by Entertainment DeskMeghan Markle and Prince Harry have already planned to have two children maximum, and now, the Duke is Sussex is dropping hints that it might happen sooner than we think.
During an outing on Wednesday to surprise military families in Windsor, Prince Harry reportedly asked fellow parents what it’s like to add a second child to the family, reported InStyle.
“Harry was really quite interested in how things were with second children as well, because we both have older children,” Susie Stringfellow told Forces Network.
She added she and the other parents were “trying to encourage him to have a second baby.”
In an interview in July this year, Harry told Dr. Jane Goodall that he and Meghan were planning to have “two [children], maximum,” in an effort to be more conscious of humans’ impact on the earth.
“I’ve always thought: this place is borrowed,” he said at the time. “And, surely, as intelligent as we all are, or as evolved as we all are supposed to be, we should be able to leave something better behind for the next generation.”
Their son, Archie Harrison Mountbatten-Windsor, was born in May, and has already made his royal tour debut with his parents during their tour of Africa in September.
If Harry’s questions for his fellow parents are anything to go by, it sounds like the Sussexes could already be imagining life as a family of four.


Main data source is the European Network of Transmission System Operators for Electricity (ENTSO-E). More information about the data can be found here. To access the data I rely on the very useful entsoe-py library. Thanks to them for providing such a useful library.
Maximilian Müller, working as a Senior Business Development Manager in the Renewable Energy sector with strong interest in Data Science, movies and opera.
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Before implementing OAuth it makes sense to understand how the protocol operates. To do so we’ll take the example of Twitter which currently implements OAuth based on the OAuth Core 1.0 Revision A Specification. This example looks at the protocol from the perspectives of the User (who will approve access), the Consumer (who is seeking access) and the Provider (who holds the User’s private data). Access may be read-only or read and write.
By chance, our User has decided that they want to utilise a new service called TweetExpress which claims to be capable of reposting your blog posts to Twitter in a manner of seconds. TweetExpress is a registered application on Twitter meaning that it has access to a Consumer Key and a Consumer Secret (all OAuth applications must have these from the Provider they will be accessing) which identify its requests to Twitter and that ensure all requests can be signed using the Consumer Secret to verify their origin.
To use TweetExpress you are asked to register for a new account, and after your registration is confirmed you are informed that TweetExpress will seek to associate your Twitter account with the service.
In the meantime TweetExpress has been busy. Before gaining your approval from Twitter, it has sent a HTTP request to Twitter’s service asking for a new unauthorized Request Token. This token is not User specific from Twitter’s perspective, but TweetExpress may use it specifically for the current User and should associate it with their account and store it for future use. TweetExpress now redirects the User to Twitter so they can approve TweetExpress’ access. The URL for this redirect will be signed using TweetExpress’ Consumer Secret and it will contain the unauthorized Request Token as a parameter.
At this point the User may be asked to log into Twitter and will now be faced with a Twitter screen asking if they approve this request by TweetExpress to access Twitter’s API on the User’s behalf. Twitter will record the response which we’ll assume was positive. Based on the User’s approval, Twitter will record the current unauthorized Request Token as having been approved by the User (thus making it User specific) and will generate a new value in the form of a verification code. The User is now redirected back to a specific callback URL used by TweetExpress (this callback URL may be registered with Twitter or dynamically set using an oauth_callback parameter in requests). The redirect URL will contain the newly generated verification code.
TweetExpress’ callback URL will trigger an examination of the response to determine whether the User has granted their approval to Twitter. Assuming so, it may now exchange it’s unauthorized Request Token for a fully authorized Access Token by sending a request back to Twitter including the Request Token and the received verification code. Twitter should now send back a response containing this Access Token which must be used in all requests used to access Twitter’s API on behalf of the User. Twitter will only do this once they have confirmed the attached Request Token has not already been used to retrieve another Access Token. At this point, TweetExpress may confirm the receipt of the approval to the User and delete the original Request Token which is no longer needed.
From this point forward, TweetExpress may use Twitter’s API to post new tweets on the User’s behalf simply by accessing the API endpoints with a request that has been digitally signed (via HMAC-SHA1) with a combination of TweetExpress’ Consumer Secret and the Access Key being used.
Although Twitter do not currently expire Access Tokens, the User is free to deauthorize TweetExpress from their Twitter account settings. Once deauthorized, TweetExpress’ access will be cut off and their Access Token rendered invalid.
The source code of this file is hosted on GitHub. Everyone can update and fix errors in this document with few clicks - no downloads needed.


A Single Retail Store
Alex Muir wrote an article about having only one brand left in each retail category. Although Alex lives in the United Kingdom, it's a pretty interesting idea and one which has a chance of becoming true.
Online retailers are preferred by consumers over the brick-and-mortar store. But as humans we still appreciate tactile sensations. I enjoy playing board games, even though there are digital versions, because of the tactile experience. Video games simulating the game, don't give me the same joy.
Physical stores will always exist. In addition to the tactile sensations, people want the ability to buy now and not wait for delivery. This is an interesting dilemma between the online and physical store.
My generation is known for having little patience and wanting immediate gratification. We max out credit cards because we don't want to save to purchase something. But why do younger people spend more money online than older generations? If the younger generation can't wait to buy something, why are they comfortable waiting for the online purchase to be delivered?
The younger generation is comfortable doing online price comparison for larger items and because of Amazon, they can automate many regular purchases like toliet paper and soap. But they may be more hesitant to buy things like clothing and shoes.
People will always want to try things on before purchasing. Returning things through the mail can be painful. Some startups are getting around this by allowing you to order more than one size and then returning the rest. I predict large online retail stores, like Amazon and Walmart may start doing this soon.
If what Alex is predicting, only one physical store per category, becomes true Walmart may displace all of those physical stores. We may soon live in a time where the only physical store is Gargantucorp. A few major cities, such as San Francisco, will resist this by using there money to vote for smaller shops, but, the rest of the country may not have this luxury.
The Internet has completely changed the way the world works. It's often hard for my daughter to understand movies more than 15 years old, I have to explain to her that things didn't always work the way they do now. I wonder what it will be like when she has to explain to her kids what the world was like.


Appendices
View project management appendix:
Project-plan.pdf (161.96 KB)View innovation appendix:
Diagram-of-innovation.pdf (161.96 KB)View project team appendix:
CVs-of-team.pdf (161.96 KB)Unable to assess this application?
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[gecode-users] Gecode trunk fix for Cygwin g++ compilation
Christian Schulte
cschulte at kth.se
Mon Jan 28 17:45:43 CET 2008
Hi,
Interesting: I do develop under Cygwin with autoconf etc and haven't noticed
any of the quirks you mention. But thanks!
In principle, MinGW gcc should be able to link against MSVC (that's what
they say on their webpage). But as I haven't tried myself I do not know
whether this is true.
Cheers
Christian
--
Christian Schulte, www.ict.kth.se/~cschulte/
-----Original Message-----
From: users-bounces at gecode.org [mailto:users-bounces at gecode.org] On Behalf
Of Martin Mann
Sent: Monday, January 28, 2008 2:29 PM
To: gecode user list
Subject: [gecode-users] Gecode trunk fix for Cygwin g++ compilation
Hi,
I know the Gecode trunk is not meant to be stable. But I encountered
some problems that might occure in the next release too.
================================
My setup :
================================
WinXP
Cygwin
g++ (GCC) 3.4.4
aclocal, automake 1.1.0
autoconf 2.61
================================
./configure
--enable-static --disable-shared
--disable-set-vars --disable-cpltset-vars
--disable-gist --disable-qt
--without-boost
================================
1) the current 'configure' has some Windows line breaks with '\r' and a
"dos2unix" was necessary
2) your AC_CONFIG_FILES statement at the end of configure.ac doesnt work
properly on my system. I get the following:
================================
configure: creating ./config.status
./config.status --file Makefile:Makefile.in
config.status: creating Makefile
================================
Obviously all remaining files in AC_CONFIG_FILES are not created from
their *.in files (e.g. config.hh) and I get the expected error when
calling make:
================================
make[1]: Entering directory `/cygdrive/e/Research/CPP/Gecode-trunk'
make[1]: >>gecode/kernel/var-type.icc<< ist bereits aktualisiert.
make[1]: >>gecode/kernel/var-imp.icc<< ist bereits aktualisiert.
make[1]: >>gecode/kernel/var-type.cc<< ist bereits aktualisiert.
make[1]: *** Keine Regel vorhanden, um das Target >>gecode/config.hh<<,
ben"otigt von >>gecode/support/exception.o<<, zu erstellen. Schluss.
make[1]: Leaving directory `/cygdrive/e/Research/CPP/Gecode-trunk'
make: *** [compilelib] Fehler 2
================================
I fixed it by replacing the following lines
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile doxygen.conf:doxygen/doxygen.conf.in
doxygen.hh:doxygen/doxygen.hh.in
misc/gecode.pc misc/gecode-search.pc misc/gecode-serialization.pc
misc/gecode-minimodel.pc])
>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>>
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
AC_CONFIG_FILES([Makefile ])
AC_CONFIG_FILES([doxygen.conf:doxygen/doxygen.conf.in])
AC_CONFIG_FILES([doxygen.hh:doxygen/doxygen.hh.in])
AC_CONFIG_FILES([misc/gecode.pc misc/gecode-search.pc])
AC_CONFIG_FILES([misc/gecode-serialization.pc])
AC_CONFIG_FILES([misc/gecode-minimodel.pc])
<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<<
Afterwards configure finishs as expected and make succeeds.
I am not sure if this is a problem of my (old) autoconf version or
something else.
Just mentioning my experiences in case somebody else has a similar problem.
So far,
Martin
PS. @Christian: I've installed MSVC++ and will give it a try. ;) But the
problem is that all my programs (distributed with their own automake
scripts) have to support 'cl' and its flags too in order to use the MSVC
compiled Gecode libraries. Or am I wrong about that and it is possible
to link against these libs with g++ later? Would be surprising for me ..
--
Martin Mann, Dipl. Bioinf.
Bioinformatics - Inst. of Computer Science
Albert-Ludwigs-University Freiburg
Tel: ++49-761-203-8259
Fax: ++49-761-203-7462
http://www.bioinf.uni-freiburg.de/~mmann/
_______________________________________________
Gecode users mailing list
users at gecode.org
https://www.gecode.org/mailman/listinfo/gecode-users
More information about the gecode-users
mailing list


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+++ title = "Docker Community" +++ {{< blocks/cover title="Get Involved with Docker" image_anchor="top" height="full" color="dark" >}}
Join our community of thousands contributors. Find resources below to help you get started and contribute to Docker, whether it's through code, joining our Slack channel or becoming a Community Leader to start organizing events. This website is built by the community for the community, anyone can contribute to it. This community website is maintained by Docker community members.
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I am a three-year graduate of the University of Southern California with a Bachelor of Science degree in Health Promotion and Disease Prevention Studies from the Keck School of Medicine.
As a US citizen and a permanent resident of Hong Kong, I hope to apply my experience with clinical research and public health towards management of research projects and development of novel technologically-based healthcare outlets not only in the United States, but also an international setting. After graduating, I am also excited to pursue an advanced clinical degree in medicine or nursing in addition to these other opportunities.
Whether you have a new challenge for me to tackle or a restaurant recommendation that I have to try, feel free to contact me nathanhleung@gmail.com


Hi !
I want to control my DIY EVSE (electric vehicle supply equipment) based on emoncms current transformer readings.
The EVSE is build around another RPi and is able to control the maximum current the car can use while charging.
The EVSE (car) can use maximum 16 A when charging, and the main fuse is 25 A, so if other equipment is using more than 9 A I need to throttle down the EVSE to avoid blowing a main fuse. When the other equipment is turned off the the EVSE should be allowed to resume charging at a higher current again.
The question is, what is the best way to trigger the execution of an external script when one current transformer input senses too high current.
Gunnar
Re: Controlling EVSE using EmonTX+RFM12B+RPi
A brace of adapted archetype 3DS XL bundles were arise today,NFL 16 Coins and they are in actuality different. The aboriginal is a NES-inspired arrangement that will barrage abandoned at GameStop on October 10.As you can see in the angel above, the 3DS XL is argent and actualization an NES ambassador architecture on its cover--its cryptic if that is the admeasurement of the custom architecture for the system.
It aswell comes in a box that is advised to accessory like a NES console, atramentous including the A/V ports. A bulk was not announced, but allegedly it will advertise for $199 like added 3DS XL systems. The added new 3DS XL bundle, aswell complete to GameStop, Madden 16 Coinsis focused on Atlus role-playing adventurous Persona Q: Adumbration of the Labyrinth
www.lolga.com/ut-nfl-16/ut-nfl-16-coins


{% extends "master/base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block content %}
An email verification link has been sent to the address provided.


Preparation time
overnight
Cooking time
10 to 30 mins
Serves
Serves 4
Dietary
A chocoholic's delight, these decadent desserts deserve the 'oohs' and 'aahs' they'll receive at the dinner table.
For the chocolate fondants, generously grease six 175ml/6fl oz dariole moulds with butter, then line the base of each with a small circle of baking parchment.
Mix together the cocoa powder and plain flour in a bowl and sift a little into each dariole mould, rolling them around to coat the base and sides. Shake out any excess.
Bring a little water to a simmer in a saucepan. Suspend a heatproof bowl over the water (do not allow the base of the bowl to touch the surface of the water). Add the chocolate and butter to the bowl and stir until smooth and melted.
Remove the bowl from the heat and set aside to cool for 10 minutes.
Meanwhile, whisk the eggs, egg yolks, caster sugar and lime zest together in a bowl, using an electric whisk. (When the mixture is pale and thick, and the whisk leaves a trail across the mixture when lifted out, the mixture is ready.)
Gently fold in the melted chocolate mixture using a large, metal spoon, until just combined.
Sift in the self-rising flour and carefully fold in until just combined.
Pour the fondant mixture into the prepared dariole moulds, cover each with cling film and chill in the fridge for at least 30 minutes and up to eight hours.
Meanwhile, for the lime syrup, gently heat the lime marmalade and lime juice in a small saucepan until just simmering. Continue to simmer for 3-4 minutes, or until the volume of syrup has reduced by about one-quarter, stirring occasionally. (The syrup will thicken further while cooling.)
Remove the lime syrup from the heat, and set aside to cool completely but do not chill. (If the syrup thickens too much on cooling, stir in a little cold water and warm through gently before using.)
For the coconut custard, gently heat the coconut milk and double cream in a saucepan until just simmering.
Whisk the egg yolks and cornflour together in a bowl until smooth, pale and well combined.
Pour the warm coconut and cream mixture over the egg-yolk mixture and whisk until smooth and well combined. Return the custard mixture to the saucepan and heat gently, stirring constantly, until the custard thickens enough to coat the back of a spoon. Remove from the heat and keep warm.
To cook the chocolate fondants, preheat the oven to 200C/400F/Gas 6. Remove the fondants from the fridge to bring them up to room temperature, and discard the cling film. Place the dariole moulds onto a sturdy baking tray.
Bake the chocolate fondants for 11 minutes, or until the sponge has risen but the puddings retain a slight wobbly (they should still be liquid in the very centre; see tip below). Remove the chocolate fondants from the oven.
To serve, spoon a circle of coconut custard into the centre of each of four dessert plates. Decorate the custard with dots of lime syrup, using the point of a knife. Using a folded, dry tea towel or oven glove to protect your hand, loosen the chocolate fondant from the sides of each dariole mould using a blunt, round-edged knife and turn out onto the dessert plates. Remove the circle of baking parchment and top the fondants with quenelles of crème fraiche, clotted cream or vanilla ice cream, if using. Sprinkle with lime zest and serve immediately.
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Melting chocolate


|
This website is nowhere near complete but I plan to make it replace my current site.
LinksVisit the main website Visit my GitHub iOS ShortcutsAll the ios shortcuts I've made and decide to upload are here UPDATE! - GIFFrameSep - a shortcut that extracts individual frames from a GIF
WTFIsMyIP - a shortcut to retrieve data from WTFIsMyIP and show it in the standard iOS UI style |
||
|
ThatsNiceGuy's Website This website is open source. See it here. |


public class MyScriptConnection
extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
(package private) static class |
MyScriptConnection.ConnectionStatus
Allowed Statuses of Connection to MyScript Cloud Recognition.
|
static interface |
MyScriptConnection.MessageHandler
Interface requiring Message Handlers to implement handleMessage().
|
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
private java.lang.String |
applicationKey
MyScript Cloud Recognition Application Key
|
private java.lang.String |
hmacKey
MyScript Cloud Recognition HMAC Key
|
private com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper |
mapper
Object Mapper maps MyScript response json to Java objects.
|
private MyScriptConnection.MessageHandler |
messageHandler
Message Handler defines what to do with recognistion results received from MyScript.
|
private java.lang.String |
myScriptURL
MyScript Cloud Recognition URL
|
private MyScriptConnection.ConnectionStatus |
status
Current connection status to MyScript Cloud Recognition.
|
private javax.websocket.Session |
userSession
Connection Session to MyScript.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
MyScriptConnection(java.lang.String applicationKey,
java.lang.String hmacKey,
java.lang.String myScriptURL)
Create MyScript Connection instance.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
private java.lang.String |
computeHMAC(java.lang.String applicationKey,
java.lang.String hmacKey,
java.lang.String jsonInput)
Compute required value to return to the server with hmac SHA512 hash algorithm
It prevents from man-in-the-middle key theft.
|
private void |
connect()
Attempt to connect to MyScript Cloud Recognition.
|
private org.json.simple.JSONObject |
getTextInput(Stroke[] strokes)
Constructs a text input object from strokes for sending to MyScript.
|
protected java.lang.String |
getTextOutputResult(java.lang.String json)
From a json response from MyScript, extract text output.
|
private TextOutput |
getTextOutputs(java.lang.String json)
Use mapper to construct java objects from MyScript's json response.
|
void |
onClose(javax.websocket.Session userSession,
javax.websocket.CloseReason reason)
On closing of current connection to MyScript Cloud Recognition, discard current session.
|
void |
onMessage(java.lang.String jsonMsg)
On receiving message from MyScript Cloud Recognition, decide how to respond based on received message type.
|
void |
onOpen(javax.websocket.Session userSession)
On successful connection to MyScript Cloud Recognition, keep track of successful session.
|
void |
recognizeStrokes(Stroke[] strokeArray,
MyScriptConnection.MessageHandler messageHandler)
Recognise strokes and set message handler for handing recognition result.
|
private void |
sendMessage(java.lang.String message)
Send Asynchronous message to MyScript.
|
private void |
sendResetRequest()
Send request to reset current recognition session.
|
private void |
sendStartRecogRequest(Stroke[] strokes)
Send start recognition request for provided strokes.
|
private void |
waitForReady()
Wait for connection to be ready to start recognising new strokes.
|
void |
waitUntilFinished()
Blocking method which waits for current recognition to be finished.
|
private MyScriptConnection.MessageHandler messageHandler
private javax.websocket.Session userSession
private com.fasterxml.jackson.databind.ObjectMapper mapper
private MyScriptConnection.ConnectionStatus status
private java.lang.String applicationKey
private java.lang.String hmacKey
private java.lang.String myScriptURL
public MyScriptConnection(java.lang.String applicationKey, java.lang.String hmacKey, java.lang.String myScriptURL)
applicationKey
- Application KeyhmacKey
- HMAC KeymyScriptURL
- MyScript Cloud Recognition URLprivate void connect()
public void onOpen(javax.websocket.Session userSession)
userSession
- Sessionpublic void onClose(javax.websocket.Session userSession, javax.websocket.CloseReason reason)
userSession
- Old Sessionreason
- Reason for session closing.public void onMessage(java.lang.String jsonMsg)
jsonMsg
- Message received from MyScript Cloud Recognition as json.private void sendResetRequest()
private void sendStartRecogRequest(Stroke[] strokes)
strokes
- Stroke to request analysis of.private void waitForReady()
protected java.lang.String getTextOutputResult(java.lang.String json)
json
- json response from MyScript.private TextOutput getTextOutputs(java.lang.String json)
json
- json response from MyScript.private org.json.simple.JSONObject getTextInput(Stroke[] strokes)
strokes
- Strokes to be analysed.private void sendMessage(java.lang.String message)
message
- Message as String to send to MyScript.public void recognizeStrokes(Stroke[] strokeArray, MyScriptConnection.MessageHandler messageHandler)
strokeArray
- Strokes to analysemessageHandler
- Method to deal with response.private java.lang.String computeHMAC(java.lang.String applicationKey, java.lang.String hmacKey, java.lang.String jsonInput)
applicationKey
- Application KeyhmacKey
- HMAC keyjsonInput
- textInput, mathInput, shapeInput, musicInput or AnalyzerInputpublic void waitUntilFinished()


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Test passes if you see a light blue rectangle below, with eight lines of text in it. The text on each line should be black and preceded by the line number between parantheses. The line numbers should be white on a dark blue background.
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| TEP: | 122 |
|---|---|
| Group: | Core Working Group |
| Type: | Documentary |
| Status: | Draft |
| TinyOS-Version: | 2.x |
| Author: | Gilman Tolle, Jonathan Hui |
| Draft-Created: | 26-Apr-2006 |
| Draft-Version: | |
| Draft-Modified: | |
| Draft-Discuss: | TinyOS Developer List <tinyos-devel at mail.millennium.berkeley.edu> |
Note
This memo documents a part of TinyOS for the TinyOS Community, and requests discussion and suggestions for improvements. Distribution of this memo is unlimited. This memo is in full compliance with TEP 1.
A TinyOS application developer may desire a globally-unique node identifier within the IEEE EUI-64 namespace. This document describes the TinyOS components used to access such an identifier.
A platform that can provide a valid IEEE EUI-64 globally-unique node identifier SHOULD provide it through a component with the signature defined here, enabling platform-independent access to the identifier:
configuration LocalIeeeEui64C { provides interface LocalIeeeEui64; }
The identifier is accessed through the following interface:
interface LocalIeeeEui64 { command ieee_eui64_t getId(); }
The ieee_eui64_t type is defined in tos/types/IeeeEui64.h as:
enum { IEEE_EUI64_LENGTH = 8; } typedef struct ieee_eui64 { uint8_t data[IEEE_EUI64_LENGTH]; } ieee_eui64_t;
If the platform can provide a valid IEEE EUI-64, the value returned from this call MUST follow the IEEE EUI-64 standard.
If a platform can provide a unique identifier that is not a valid IEEE EUI-64 identifier, it SHOULD provide its unique identifier through a component with a different name and a different interface. The definition of such an interface is outside the scope of this TEP.
The IEEE EUI-64 structure is copied here:
| company_id | extension identifier | |addr+0 | addr+1 | addr+2 | addr+3 | addr+4 | addr+5 | addr+6 | addr+7| | AC | DE | 48 | 23 | 45 | 67 | AB | CD | 10101100 11011110 01001000 00100011 01000101 01100111 10101011 11001101 | | | | | most significant byte least significant byte | most-significant bit least-significant bit If provided in byte-addressable media, the original byte-address order of the manufacturer is specified: the most through least significant bytes of the EUI-64 value are contained within the lowest through highest byte addresses, as illustrated above.
See: http://standards.ieee.org/regauth/oui/tutorials/EUI64.html
The author of the LocalIeeeEui64C component MUST ensure that the getId() call returns a valid EUI-64 identifier that follows the standard, with the bytes in the order described above.
Some TinyOS node platforms contain a unique hardware identifier that can be used to build the EUI-64 node identifier. That hardware identifier may be obtained from several places, e.g. a dedicated serial ID chip or a flash storage device. Users of the interface described in this document MUST NOT require knowledge of how the unique identifier is generated.
The EUI-64 node identifier MUST be available before the Boot.booted() event is signalled. If the EUI-64 is derived from a hardware device, the hardware device should be accessed during the Init portion of the boot sequence.


User Interface
The user interface of Ham Cockpit provides the framework that allows the plugins to show their toolstrips, status bar controls and visual panels.
- Status bar. Plugins can add controls to the status bar. In this example, the Conventional Receiver plugin shows an icon that indicates the status of the radio control interface.
- Caption bar. Shows the name and version of the program.
- Main Menu:
- File - click File / Exit to close the program
- View - show or hide visual plugins, edit plugin settings
- Help - access information about the program
- Toolbar. Contains the DSP Pipeline toolstrip and the toolstrips added by the installed plugins. Re-order the toolstrips using drag-and-drop.
- Docking area. Contains Docked visual plugins.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block content %}
Learn more »
Although CHIME was initially created for Penn Medicine, the application can be used by anyone in the world. Here is a basic walkthrough of how to start using CHIME for your region.
Read the Docs
Check out this and other projects on GitHub, or if this is where you want to be, then click the link below for developer documentation.
Developer Documentation
We're part of a national alliance of community organizers, developers, and designers that are putting technology to work in service of our local communities. We believe that government can work, for the people, by the people, in the digital age, if we all help.
Visit our Website


Nokia 1 receiving Google security patch for November
by MarinNokia 1 is receiving Google security patch for November. The uupdate is 84.1 MB large and just brings the security patch for your device. So, do check the most affordable Android Go Nokia device and make it secure and up to date.
Thx everyone for tipping 🙂


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This story is part of a series of specially designed stories that represents some of the best journalism The Post has to offer. Check out the rest of the special projects here.
10.05.17
Matt Starkey | FILE
Homecoming is a wonderful time of the year for reminiscing. So many people travel back to Athens to reconnect with old friends, share stories and celebrate the history of Ohio University and Athens.
At The Post, we want to be able to give alumni and students a glimpse of OU’s traditions and history as well as a look into the significance of this year’s festivities.
Though traditions change, readers can always rely on The Post providing some Homecoming content. Our Homecoming content has a history of its own.
For a few years when The Post was a broadsheet, we celebrated by designing “throwback” front covers. That meant finding old covers in the archives in Alden Library and recreating the design from that time period. We included covers from 1959, 1963, 1977, 1992 and more.
During Homecoming Week in 2014 and 2015, the final paper of the week reflected The Post’s modern day design.
Now that The Post exists as a weekly tabloid, it gives us the chance to compile all of our best Homecoming content into one product. Last year, we primarily focused on football stories, but this week’s edition includes stories about sports teams, festivities, alumni and traditions.
Culture staff writer Alexis Eichelberger took a look into the Marching 110’s history in her report about this year’s festivities. The Marching 110’s style with capes and dance moves evolved in 1967, meaning this year is the 50th anniversary. News editor Maddie Capron took a deep dive into the history of Alumni Gateway and how it became a symbol for students and alumni.
And, of course, we have plenty of football content.
To give readers a chance to read our content and celebrate with us, we’ll march in the parade and pass out papers. (Papers will still be on newsstands across campus, and people can always check out thepostathens.com for more Homecoming stories.)
For the last few years, marching in the parade has been a fun tradition.
It’s a tradition Posties are eager to carry on. So prepare to hear some people chanting “Read The Post!” before you even see this year’s crew of Posties marching on the bricks.
– Elizabeth Backo is a senior studying journalism and the editor-in-chief of The Post. What are your favorite Homecoming traditions? Tell her at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or send her a tweet at @liz_backo.
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{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block page_title %} Check before you start {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include "includes/prototype_banner.html" %} {{formData | safe}} Check eligibility, cost and time Check eligibility, cost and time In this task you'll be asked between 4 and 6 questions. The answers you give will show: if you're eligible to transport goods how much it will cost for you to apply how long the application process will take This information will be different depending on your answers. {% endblock %}
In this task you'll be asked between 4 and 6 questions.
The answers you give will show:
This information will be different depending on your answers.


Module: NEAT::Graph
- Included in:
- Neuron
- Defined in:
- lib/rubyneat/graph.rb
Overview
General graph representation (mainly used for Neurons, but could be used for other structures.)
This is a mixin for Neuron and whatever else you'd like. the contained class is for evaluation, and may be instantiated separately.
Defined Under Namespace
Classes: DependencyResolver, GraphException
Instance Method Summary (collapse)
- - (Object) <<(input)
-
- (Object) add(input)
Add a single input.
-
- (Object) clear_graph
clear and initialize the graph.
-
- (Object) inputs
Get list of inputs.
Instance Method Details
- (Object) <<(input)
19 20 21 22 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/graph.rb', line 19 def << (input) @g_inputs << input self end |
- (Object) add(input)
Add a single input
25 26 27 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/graph.rb', line 25 def add (input) @g_inputs << input end |
- (Object) clear_graph
clear and initialize the graph.
15 16 17 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/graph.rb', line 15 def clear_graph @g_inputs = [] end |
- (Object) inputs
Get list of inputs
30 31 32 33 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/graph.rb', line 30 def inputs raise GraphException.new "Graph Failure -- input is nil" if @g_inputs.nil? @g_inputs end |


--- layout: article title: Solemn Proclamation of Moveable Feasts permalink: /music/epiphany.html image: teaser: Adoration_of_the_Magi_Tapestry400.jpg comments: true ---
The main .tex file for compiling the gabc source files main-lualatex.tex or for 2013 smallermargins.tex.
There is a custom of proclaiming the dates of the upcoming moveable feasts each year on the feast of the Epiphany (6th January).
I started typing these up for the Maternal Heart of Mary Church each year in time for Epiphany. With the main protagonist passing away and me moving further west there is less and less impetus to keep it up, but it still seems someone will remind me each year and I’ll again be surprised how quickly it comes together.
It goes something like this:
Noveritis, fratres carissimi, quod annuente Dei misericordia, sicut de Nativitate Domini nostri Jesu Christi gavisi sumus, ita et de Resurrectione ejusdem Salvatoris nostri gaudium vobis annuntiamus.
It is solemnly made known, dearest brethren that, just as we through the bounteous mercy of God, have rejoiced in the Birth of Our Lord Jesus Christ, likewise should we proclaim the joy of the Resurrection of this same Saviour.
Then follows the list of moveable feasts: Septuagesima, Ash Wednesday, Easter Sunday, Ascension Thursday (yes, Thursday - this is for the Vetus Ordo or Extraordinary Form of the Roman Rite. No one has asked for an adjustment for Ascension Sunday yet.) Pentecost, Corpus Christi and the First Sunday of Advent.
To keep updated about future editions, please Subscribe to Epiphany Proclamation


I have created this website to analyze the skills and understanding that I have gained within a year. Plus I enjoyed creating a website for myself!
Yes! it is Responsive.
Yes! I do receive emails as I'm using Formspree. But it has a limit of 50 per month.
I would appreciate it if I receive feedback for my website. You can either directly submit the form, comment on the post, dm on LinkedIn, or even send a mail to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>No! I haven't used any dummy data for my website. This website is about me, as it's more similar to a CV.


Module: Mocha::ClassMethods
- Defined in:
- lib/mocha/object.rb
Overview
Methods added to all classes to allow mocking and stubbing on real (i.e. non-mock) objects.
Instance Method Summary (collapse)
-
- (Mock) any_instance
A mock object which will detect calls to any instance of this class.
Instance Method Details
- (Mock) any_instance
A mock object which will detect calls to any instance of this class.
228 229 230 231 232 233 |
# File 'lib/mocha/object.rb', line 228 def any_instance if frozen? raise StubbingError.new("can't stub method on frozen object: #{mocha_inspect}.any_instance", caller) end @any_instance ||= AnyInstance.new(self) end |


Jekyll is written in Ruby.
Gems are code you can include in Ruby projects.
Gems package specific functionality.
You can share gems across multiple projects or with other people.
Gems can perform actions like:
Jekyll is a gem.
Many Jekyll plugins are also gems,
including
jekyll-feed,
jekyll-seo-tag and
jekyll-archives.
A Gemfile
is a list of gems used by your site.
Every Jekyll site has a Gemfile
in the main folder.
For a simple Jekyll site it might look something like this:
source "https://rubygems.org" gem "jekyll" group :jekyll_plugins do gem "jekyll-feed" gem "jekyll-seo-tag" end
Bundler is a gem that installs all gems in your Gemfile
.
While you don't have to use Gemfile
and bundler
,
it is highly recommended
as it ensures you're running the same version of Jekyll and its plugins across different environments.
Install Bundler using gem install bundler
.
You only need to install it once, not every time you create a new Jekyll project.
To install gems in your Gemfile
using Bundler
,
run the following in the directory that has the Gemfile
:
bundle install bundle exec jekyll serve
To bypass Bundler
if you aren't using a Gemfile
,
run jekyll serve
.
See Using Jekyll with Bundler for more information about Bundler in Jekyll and for instructions to get up and running quickly.


Object
This class represents a series of requests issued to a Rack app, sharing a single cookie jar
Rack::Test::Session’s methods are most often called through Rack::Test::Methods, which will automatically build a session when it’s first used.
Creates a Rack::Test::Session for a given Rack app or Rack::MockSession.
Note: Generally, you won’t need to initialize a Rack::Test::Session directly. Instead, you should include Rack::Test::Methods into your testing context. (See README.rdoc for an example)
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 36 def initialize(mock_session) @headers = {} if mock_session.is_a?(MockSession) @rack_mock_session = mock_session else @rack_mock_session = MockSession.new(mock_session) end @default_host = @rack_mock_session.default_host end
Issue a DELETE request for the given URI. See get
Example:
delete "/"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 91 def delete(uri, params = {}, env = {}, &block) env = env_for(uri, env.merge(:method => "DELETE", :params => params)) process_request(uri, env, &block) end
Rack::Test will not follow any redirects automatically. This method will follow the redirect returned (including setting the Referer header on the new request) in the last response. If the last response was not a redirect, an error will be raised.
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 168 def follow_redirect! unless last_response.redirect? raise Error.new("Last response was not a redirect. Cannot follow_redirect!") end get(last_response["Location"], {}, { "HTTP_REFERER" => last_request.url }) end
Issue a GET request for the given URI with the given params and Rack environment. Stores the issues request object in last_request and the app’s response in last_response. Yield last_response to a block if given.
Example:
get "/"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 55 def get(uri, params = {}, env = {}, &block) env = env_for(uri, env.merge(:method => "GET", :params => params)) process_request(uri, env, &block) end
Issue a HEAD request for the given URI. See get
Example:
head "/"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 109 def head(uri, params = {}, env = {}, &block) env = env_for(uri, env.merge(:method => "HEAD", :params => params)) process_request(uri, env, &block) end
Set a header to be included on all subsequent requests through the session. Use a value of nil to remove a previously configured header.
In accordance with the Rack spec, headers will be included in the Rack environment hash in HTTP_USER_AGENT form.
Example:
header "User-Agent", "Firefox"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 134 def header(name, value) if value.nil? @headers.delete(name) else @headers[name] = value end end
Issue an OPTIONS request for the given URI. See get
Example:
options "/"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 100 def options(uri, params = {}, env = {}, &block) env = env_for(uri, env.merge(:method => "OPTIONS", :params => params)) process_request(uri, env, &block) end
Issue a PATCH request for the given URI. See get
Example:
patch "/"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 82 def patch(uri, params = {}, env = {}, &block) env = env_for(uri, env.merge(:method => "PATCH", :params => params)) process_request(uri, env, &block) end
Issue a POST request for the given URI. See get
Example:
post "/signup", "name" => "Bryan"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 64 def post(uri, params = {}, env = {}, &block) env = env_for(uri, env.merge(:method => "POST", :params => params)) process_request(uri, env, &block) end
Issue a PUT request for the given URI. See get
Example:
put "/"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 73 def put(uri, params = {}, env = {}, &block) env = env_for(uri, env.merge(:method => "PUT", :params => params)) process_request(uri, env, &block) end
Issue a request to the Rack app for the given URI and optional Rack environment. Stores the issues request object in last_request and the app’s response in last_response. Yield last_response to a block if given.
Example:
request "/"
# File lib/rack/test.rb, line 121 def request(uri, env = {}, &block) env = env_for(uri, env) process_request(uri, env, &block) end
Generated with the Darkfish Rdoc Generator 2.


Constituency profile: St Albans
The Lib Dems are hoping to take this seat at the fourth time of trying.
The constituency of St Albans, which Jo Swinson visited on Monday, is one of the Liberal Democrats’ top targets in the country.
A swing of 5.4% would see the Lib Dems take it from the Conservatives – the sort of swing that would hand the Lib Dems around half a dozen other Tory seats in southern England.
But to win St Albans they will need to defeat Anne Main, who has represented the seat for the Tories since 2005.
And Ms Main has seen off a number of attempts to beat her, including close races with the Lib Dems in both 2010 and 2017.
At the 2017 election she got 43% of the vote, while her Lib Dem challenger finished on 32%.
Labour came third with 23%.
St Albans was a three-way marginal during the 1970s and 1990s, and was held by Labour from 1997 to 2005.
This year it will almost certainly be a two-horse race, however, between the Tories and Liberal Democrats.
The Lib Dem candidate is Daisy Cooper, who stood for the seat in 2017.
Also standing this time are Labour, Green and independent candidates.
The Brexit Party has pulled out, but Brexit could still play a key role in the contest.
The area covered by the local authority of St Albans – which includes most of the St Albans parliamentary constituency – voted 62.7% Remain in the 2016 EU referendum.
This was the 29th highest Remain vote in the country.
Anne Main campaigned for Leave in the referendum – something the Liberal Democrats will hope counts against her on polling day, as it seemed to do at the 2017 election when there was an 8.7% swing in St Albans from the Conservatives to the Lib Dems.
A similar swing at this election would see Ms Main beaten.


Consider a poorly drawn triangle and a well drawn triangle. We say that the well drawn triangle is more of a triangle than the poorly drawn one, and thus has more being. We can also say that the well drawn triangle is a better or "more perfect" triangle. Thus, something is good or perfect only to the extent that it is actual, or is.


--- layout: post tags: [Dependency Injection, Unit Testing] date: 2012-08-31 20:37:37 UTC title: "Concrete Dependencies" description: "Concrete classes can also be used as dependencies" --- {% include JB/setup %}
{{ page.description }}
Usually, when we think about Dependency Injection (DI), we tend to consider that only polymorphic types (interfaces or (abstract) base classes) can act as dependencies. However, in a previous blog post I described how primitives can be used as dependencies. A primitive is about as far removed from polymorphism as it can be, but there's a middle ground too. Sometimes 'normal' concrete classes with non-virtual members can be used as dependencies with to great effect.
While the Liskov Substitution Principle is voided by injecting a concrete type, there can be other good reasons to occasionaly do something like this.  Sometimes it turns out that an extension method isn't the best way to encapsulate a common algorithm. It might start out simple enough, but then you realize that you need to provide the extension method with a control parameter in order to 'configure' it. This causes you to add more arguments to the extension method, or to add more overloads. Soon, you have something like the Object Mother (anti-)pattern on your hand.
A concrete class can sometimes be a better way to encapsulate common algorithms in a way where the behavior can be tweaked or changed in one go. Sometimes the boundary can become blurred. In the previous post I examined constructor arguments such as strings and integers, but what about an Uri instance? It might act as a base URI for creating absolute links from within a Controller. An Uri instance isn't really a primitive, although it basically just encapsulates something which is a string. It's an excellent example of the Value Object pattern, providing a rich API for manipulating and querying URIs.
It can be more complex that that. Consider Hyprlinkr as an example. What it does is to produce URI links to other Controllers in an ASP.NET Web API service in a strongly typed way. It's not really a polymorphic dependency as such, although it does implement an interface. It's more like a reusable component which produces a determinstic result without side-effects. In Functional Programming terminology, it's comparable to a pure function. For a number of reasons, this is a prime candidate for a concrete dependency.
Before I get to that, I want to show you what I mean when I talk about locally scoped methods, including extension methods and such. Then I want to talk about using the RouteLinker class (the main class in Hyprlinkr) as a classic polymorphic dependency, and why that doesn't really work either. Finally, I want to talk about why the best option is to treat RouteLinker as a concrete dependency.
While Hyprlinkr was always designed with DI in mind, you actually don't have to use DI to use it. From within an ApiController class, you can just create an instance like this:
var linker = new RouteLinker(this.Request);
With this locally scoped variable you can start creating links to other resources:
Href = linker.GetUri<NoDIController>(r => r.Get(id)).ToString()
That seems easy, so why make it hard than that? Well, it's easy as long as you have only a single, default route in your web service. As soon as you add more routes, you'll need to help Hyprlinkr a bit by providing a custom IRouteDispatcher. That goes as the second argument in a constructor overload:
var linker = new RouteLinker(this.Request, ??);
The question is: how do you create an instance of the desired IRouteDispatcher? You could do it inline every time you want to create an instance of RouteLinker:
var linker = new RouteLinker(this.Request, new MyCustomRouteDispatcher());
However, that's starting to look less than DRY. This is where many people might consider creating an extension method which creates a RouteLinker instance from an HttpRequestMessage instance. Now what if you need to supply a configuration value to the custom route dispatcher? Should you pull it from app.config straight from within your extension method? Then what if you need to be able to vary that configuration value from a unit test? This could lead toward an unmaintainable mess quickly. Perhaps it would be better injecting the dependency after all...
The RouteLinker class actually implements an interface (IResourceLinker) so would it be worthwhile to inject it as a polymorphic interface? This is possible, but actually leads to more trouble. The problem is that due to its signature, it's damn hard to unit test. The interface looks like this:
public interface IResourceLinker { Uri GetUri<T>(Expression<Action<T>> method); }
That may at first glance look innocuous, but is actually quite poisonous. The first issue is that it's impossible to define proper setups when using dynamic mocks. This is because of the Expression parameter. The problem is that while the following Moq setup compiles, it can never work:
linkerStub
.Setup(x => x.GetUri<ArtistController>(c => c.Get(artistId)))
.Returns(uri);
The problem is that the expression passed into the Setup method isn't the same as the expression used in the SUT. It may look like the same expression, but it's not. Most of the expression tree actually is the same, but the problem is the leaf of the tree. The leaf of the expression tree is the reference to the artistId variable. This is a test variable, while in the SUT it's a variable which is internal to the SUT. While the values of both variables are expected to be the same, the variables themselves aren't.
It might be possible to write a custom equality comparer that picks expression trees apart in order to compare the values of leaf nodes, but that could become messy very quickly.
The only option seems to define Setups like this:
linkerStub .Setup(x => x.GetUri(It.IsAny<Expression<Action<ArtistController>>>())) .Returns(uri);
That sort of defies the purpose of a dynamic Test Double...
That's not the only problem with the IResourceLinker interface. The other problem is the return type. Since Uri doesn't have a default constructor, it's necessary to tell Moq what to return when the GetUri method is called. While the default behavior of Moq is to return null if no matching Setups were found, I never allow null in my code, so I always change Moq's behavior to return something proper instead. However, this has the disadvantage that if there's no matching Setup when the SUT attempts to invoke the GetUri method, Moq will throw an exception because there's no default constructor for Uri and it doesn't know what else to return.
This leads to Fixture Setup code like this:
linkerStub .Setup(x => x.GetUri(It.IsAny<Expression<Action<ArtistController>>>())) .Returns(uri); linkerStub .Setup(x => x.GetUri(It.IsAny<Expression<Action<ArtistAlbumsController>>>())) .Returns(uri); linkerStub .Setup(x => x.GetUri(It.IsAny<Expression<Action<ArtistTracksController>>>())) .Returns(uri); linkerStub .Setup(x => x.GetUri(It.IsAny<Expression<Action<SimilarArtistsController>>>())) .Returns(uri);
...and that's just to prevent the unit test from crashing. Each and every unit test that hits the same method must have this Setup because the SUT method internally invokes the GetUri method four times with four different parameters. This is pure noise and isn't even part of the test case itself. The tests become very brittle.
If only there was a better way...
What would happen if you inject the concrete RouteLinker class into other classes? This might look like this:
private readonly RouteLinker linker; public HomeController( RouteLinker linker) { this.linker = linker; }
Creating links from within the Controller is similar to before:
Href = this.linker.GetUri<HomeController>(r => r.GetHome()).ToString(),
What about unit testing? Well, since the GetUri method is strictly deterministic, given the same input, it will always produce the same output. Thus, from a unit test, you only have to ask the instance of RouteLinker injected into the SUT what it would return if invoked with a specific input. Then you can compare this expected output with the actual output.
[Theory, AutoUserData] public void GetHomeReturnsResultWithCorrectSelfLink( [Frozen]RouteLinker linker, HomeController sut) { var actual = sut.GetHome(); var expected = new AtomLinkModel { Href = linker.GetUri<HomeController>(r => r.GetHome()).ToString(), Rel = "self" }.AsSource().OfLikeness<AtomLinkModel>(); Assert.True(actual.Links.Any(expected.Equals)); }
In this test, you Freeze the RouteLinker instance, which means that the linker variable is the same instance as the RouteLinker injected into the SUT. Next, you ask that RouteLinker instance what it would produce when invoked in a particular way, and since AtomLinkModel doesn't override Equals, you produce a Likeness from the AtomLinkModel and verify that the actual collection of links contains the expected link.
That's much more precise than those horribly forgiving It.IsAny constraints. The other advantage is also that you don't have to care about Setups of methods you don't care about in a particular test case. The SUT can invoke the GetUri method as many times as it wants, with as many different arguments as it likes, and the test is never going to break because of that. Since the real implementation is injected, it always works without further Setup.
Granted, strictly speaking these aren't unit tests any longer, but rather Facade Tests.
This technique works because the GetUri method is deterministic and has no side-effects. Thus, it's very similar to Function Composition in Functional languages.


Basics of Virualization February 28, 2017 by Priyanka Maru This article basically gives you information regarding Viruatization,it’s constrainsts and it’s types. In computing, virtualization refers to the act of creating a virtual (rather than actual) version of something, including virtual computer hardware platforms, operating systems, storage devices, and computer network resources..Virtualisation means the simulation of computer system, in software. The virtualisation software creates an environment for a guest, a complete OS, to execute within this created world. This means the view that should get exported to the guest should be of a complete computer system with the processor, system peripherals, devices, buses, memory and so on. The virtualisation software can be strict about what view to export to the guest, for example, the processor and processor features, types of devices, buses exported to the guest, etc, or it can be flexible with the user getting a choice to select individual components and parameters. There are some constraints to create a virtualised environment or a set of sufficient requirements, as it has been noted by Popek and Goldberg in their paper on virtual machine monitors. Fidelity Software running in a virtualised environment should not be able to detect it is running on a virtualised system. Containment Activities within a virtual machine (VM) should be contained within the VM itself without disturbing the host system. A guest should not cause the host or other guests running on the host to malfunction. Performance Performance is crucial to how the user sees the utility of the virtualising environment. In this age of extremely fast and affordable general-purpose computer systems, if it takes a few seconds for some input action to get registered in a guest, no one will be interested in using the virtual machine at all. Stability The virtualisation software itself should be stable enough to handle the guest OS and any quirks it may exhibit. There are several reasons why one would want virtualisation. For data centres, it makes sense to run multiple servers (Web, mail, etc,) on a single machine. These servers are mostly under-utilised, so clubbing them on one machine with a VM for each of the existing machines enables fewer machines, less rack space and lower electricity consumption. Types of Virtualization Hardware virtualization Hardware virtualization or platform virtualization refers to the creation of a virtual machine that acts like a real computer with an operating system. Software executed on these virtual machines is separated from the underlying hardware resources. For example, a computer that is running Microsoft Windows may host a virtual machine that looks like a computer with the Ubuntu Linux operating system; Ubuntu-based software can be run on the virtual machine. Desktop virtualization Desktop virtualization is the concept of separating the logical desktop from the physical machine. One form of desktop virtualization, virtual desktop infrastructure (VDI), can be thought of as a more advanced form of hardware virtualization. Rather than interacting with a host computer directly via a keyboard, mouse, and monitor, the user interacts with the host computer using another desktop computer or a mobile device by means of a network connection, such as a LAN, Wireless LAN or even the Internet. In addition, the host computer in this scenario becomes a server computer capable of hosting multiple virtual machines at the same time for multiple users. Nested virtualization Nested virtualization refers to the ability of running a virtual machine within another, having this general concept extendable to an arbitrary depth. In other words, nested virtualization refers to running one or more hypervisors inside another hypervisor. Nature of a nested guest virtual machine does not need not be homogenous with its host virtual machine; for example, application virtualization can be deployed within a virtual machine created by using hardware virtualization Now is a good time to get acquainted with some of the terms related to virtualization: VM : virtual machine VMM : virtual machine monitor Guest OS : the OS that is run within a VM Host OS :the OS that runs on the physical computer system and hosts guests Paravirtualised guest : the guest OS that is modified to have the knowledge of a VMM. Full virtualisation : the guest OS is run unmodified in this environment. Hypervisor : an analogous term for a VMM. Hypercall : infrastructure, via which a paravirtualised guest and the VMM communicate. Types of VMM There are several virtual machine monitors available. They differ in various aspects like scope, motivation, and method of implementation. A few types of monitor software are: Native hypervisors: These VMMs have an OS associated with them. A complete software-based implementation will need a scheduler, a memory management subsystem and an IO device model to be exported to the guest OS. Examples are: VMWare ESX server, Xen, KVM, and IBM mainframes. In IBM mainframes, the VMM is an inherent part of the architecture. Containers: In this type of virtualisation, the guest OS and the host OS share the same kernel. Different namespaces are allocated for different guests. For example, the process identifiers, file descriptors, etc, are virtualised in the sense that a PID obtained for a process in the guest OS will only be valid within that guest. The guest can have a different userland (for example, a different distribution) from the host. Examples are OpenVZ, FreeVPS and Linux-Vserver. Emulation: Each and every instruction in the guest is emulated. It is possible to run code compiled for different architectures on a compute.for example, running ARM code on a PowerPC machine. Other examples are qemu and pearpc. qemu supports multiple CPU types, and it runs ARM code under x86 as well as x86 under x86, whereas pearpc only emulates the PPC platform. Priyanka Maru Spend your whole life waiting for the storm and miss out on enjoying the sunshine.


India's first-ever awards to recognise socially responsible colleges. One-if-its-kind attempt to learn from and strengthen Indian college’s focus on building the future change-makers of this country.
Awards team invites applications. Colleges can self-nominate themselves or the public/students can nominate/vote for specific colleges.
Nominated colleges are reached out to and asked to submit details in a detailed form about their effort and initiatives to be socially conscious.
A 3-5 membered-jury consisting would be evaluating the nominations based on fixed criteria and details submitted by the college. Final awardees are selected based on the college’s score in specific criteria and the number of public votes.
All the nominated colleges and the awardees are invited for the final virtual award ceremony where awards are given and guest speeches are delivered on making Indian colleges more socially responsible.
The following are the criteria with which the jury members will be evaluating the nominations from colleges. Specifics about each criteria bucket and details would be decided by the expert panel consisting of subject matter experts & NGOs.
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{{- partial "header.html" . -}}
Early Fusion Music:
Cross Cultural Musical Exchanges in Colonial India
In association with:
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DR_
operator->()
DO_
this method is how operator->() is implemented; the purpose is to get the object, correctly typed, in a way that can be directly dereferenced witout checking. Because it is possible for the object to be null, safe_get() will create it by calling New(). This is the correct behavior 99% of the time. If it is not, use either const_get() or look in D_macros.h to find the actual code. It's possible that throwing an exception is more appropriate in some cases instead of creating a new object.
simply a dynamic cast.
type safe set
DO_<CLASSNAME>();
DO_<CLASSNAME>(DRef r);
virtual ~DO_<CLASSNAME>();
static DR_Class <CLASSNAME>class;
static DR_<CLASSNAME> New();
DR_Class DClass();
DRef route(DR_Message m);
void init();
void destroy();


The NP435 is a heavy duty, granny, 4 speed transmission used in
Dodge, Ford, and Chevy trucks. The Ford version is a better
canidate for swap into a Jeep vehicle because most AMC equipped
Jeeps are compatible with Ford transmissions and the Ford version
is easier to find. The Ford version will normally be cheaper
as well.


{% load staticfiles %} {% block content %}
If you are attempting to perform an early registration please go to the contact us page and fill in an account request


---
layout: null
section-type: projects
title: PROJECTS
---
##PROJECTS
**Deep Learning**
Comparison of Convolutional Neural Network techniques for Object Detection using Caffe framework and
Pascal VOC 2007 dataset
**Compiler Construction**
Designed and implemented a C Compiler (and assembler into x86) on Linux 32-bit architecture
using flex and bison
**Student Academic Portal**
Web based database application implementing Confidentiality, Integrity and Authentication
using Python Flask framework, HTML, CSS, and SQLite DB
**Robotics**
Implemented a fully automatic Grid and Maze Solver Robot by programming ATMEGA32 microcontroller and
Arduino using embedded C
**Routing**
Comparative analysis of 802.11 Manet Routing Protocols (DSR, AODV, DSDV) using Qualnet


TechRide.in is a free news aggregating website which gets news from various popular sources that publish tech news from India.
It is developed and maintained by Vivekanand Padala, the founder of ManaLakshyam, a web and app development startup.
TechRide.in is built using HTML5, CSS3, Bootstrap 4.0, JavaScript, Jquery and ajax. The source code is available in GitHub.


Jiraindira Purushothaman
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>{{item.title}}
Management
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Reviewed
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libevdev is a wrapper library for evdev devices. It moves the common tasks when dealing with evdev devices into a library and provides a library interface to the callers, thus avoiding erroneous ioctls, etc.
This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.6 systemd platform.
Download (HTTP): http://www.freedesktop.org/software/libevdev/libevdev-1.2.2.tar.xz
Download MD5 sum: 7c1ee9c2069489b2a25dfde6f8e2ff6a
Download size: 380 KB
Estimated disk space required: 8.2 MB
Estimated build time: 0.1 SBU (0.3 SBU with all tests)
Check-0.9.14, Doxygen-1.8.8, and Valgrind-3.10.0
User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/libevdev
If Valgrind-3.10.0 is installed and tests are going to be run, fix a testing problem:
cat >> test/valgrind.suppressions << "EOF" { <timer_create@@GLIBC_2.3.3-2> Memcheck:Param timer_create(evp) fun:timer_create@@GLIBC_2.3.3 fun:check_get_clockid fun:srunner_run fun:main } EOF
Install libevdev by running the following commands:
./configure --prefix=/usr --disable-static && make
If you have the optional Check-0.9.14 package installed, the regression
tests can be run as the root
user
with make check
.
Now, as the root
user:
make install
--disable-static
: This
switch prevents installation of static versions of the libraries.
Last updated on 2014-08-23 08:05:43 -0700


A responsive site is one that 'responds' to the screen-size of the visitor of the site, and reacts accordingly. And so it is optimized for phones, and desktop, and tablet, and so on. There isn't one particular type of browser or device needed to view your webpage. This is important, as it means you are not limiting your potential audience by something arbitrary like access to a computer.
Mobile first means designing your site for phone screens first, and then using media queries(if needed) for optimization on desktop. It encourages you to make sure the contents of your site are accessible even within the most restricted screen, and then allows you to expand from there. This will make it easier in the future to further expand and optimize your site. By doing it for computers first, you will have a harder job trying to then scale your grand vision down to a phone.
A framework is a full CSS stylesheet that you can reference on your own site. It allows you to not have to worry about the elemental stuff of your site, as these details have already been worked out within the framework. You do have to learn the framework, though, and how to reference these elemental stylings. The pro would be speed and consistency. You can build out a site fairly easily by referencing pre-made styles. The cons are that you have to learn the docs, instead of learning css--in addition, you'll be potentially making a site that looks like anyone else's site made within that framework. That's an issue I had with bootstrap even before I knew what exactly it was. I could tell a bootstrap site without looking at the code, based purely on aesthetics. So the speed and consistency can also lead to boring sameness.
A wireframe is a sketch of how you'd like your site to look, using the "boxifying" philosophy of web design. It's a nice way to gather your thoughts around the general structure of your site, what content you'd like it to have, and how you'd like folks to navigate this content. Wireframes also help visualize how the site will look on mobile and then extend into desktops.
They acted as a good symbolic start to the site. The thing I found most difficult were the circles. I couldn't find a way to do them easily in CSS that was also responsive (and quick). It seemed like the best way would be through some sort of SVG. Simple border radiuses weren't working for me, and seemed to require a bunch of media queries for each different possible screen size. So I wasn't able to do the central navigation exactly as I wanted, but I think the idea (nice colors, chunky graphics, simplicity) came through.