Workshops for Photochemistry & Photophysics
The course will use a question first approach and we will learn the material by answering the questions. The questions will be shared here in an accessible format, and this page will be updated weekly.
Version history
The initial commit of this book is dated 25th September 2020.


Apache Drill 1.0.0 Release Notes
Release date: May 19, 2015
Today we’re happy to announce the availability of Drill 1.0.0, providing additional enhancements and bug fixes. This release includes the following new features, enhancements, unresolved issues, and bug fixes:
Sub-task
- [DRILL-2150] - Create an abstraction for repeated value vectors.
- [DRILL-2358] - Ensure DrillScanRel differentiates skip-all, scan-all & scan-some in a backward compatible fashion
- [DRILL-2893] - ScanBatch throws a NullPointerException instead of returning OUT_OF_MEMORY
- [DRILL-2895] - AbstractRecordBatch.buildSchema() should properly handle OUT_OF_MEMORY outcome
- [DRILL-2902] - Add support for context UDFs: user (and its synonyms session_user, system_user) and current_schema
- [DRILL-2905] - RootExec implementations should properly handle IterOutcome.OUT_OF_MEMORY
- [DRILL-2920] - properly handle OutOfMemoryException
- [DRILL-2947] - AllocationHelper.allocateNew() doesn't have a consistent behavior when it can't allocate
Unresolved Issues
- [DRILL-1868] Aliases are not allowed in WHERE, HAVING and GROUP BY clauses. Drill should return an error when such aliases are encountered, but instead Drill returns an incorrect result.
- [DRILL-2015] Casting a numeric value that does not fit the data type of the value and causes overflow returns an incorrect result.
- [DRILL-2355] Drill output from the TRUNC function in some cases includes an extra .0 in the result. Drill binds TRUNC functions having two input parameters to the function holder. The output type of TRUNC functions is FLOAT8 when the input is FLOAT8, resulting in the extra .0.
Bug Fixes
- [DRILL-148] - Remove sandbox directory from source control, it is no longer utilized
- [DRILL-625] - Server does not release resources even after client connection is closed
- [DRILL-708] - TRUNC(n1) function returns a decimal instead of int
- [DRILL-994] - Reduce hbase timeout when it is not reachable
- [DRILL-1245] - Drill should pinpoint to the "Problem Record" when it fails to parse a json file
- [DRILL-1440] - Allow delimited files to have customizable quote characters
- [DRILL-1460] - JsonReader fails reading files with decimal numbers and integers in the same field
- [DRILL-1502] - Can't connect to mongo when requiring auth
- [DRILL-1503] - CTAS does not work against mongo plugin
- [DRILL-1542] - Early fragment termination causes non running intermediate fragments to error
- [DRILL-1545] - Json files can only be read when they have a .json extension
- [DRILL-1727] - REPEATED_CONTAINS sometimes doesn't work
- [DRILL-1827] - Unit test framework reports expected and actual values backwards in unordered comparison
- [DRILL-1832] - Select * from json file failed with java.lang.IllegalArgumentException: null
- [DRILL-1866] - Tests that include limit sporadically fail when run as part of entire test suite on Linux
- [DRILL-1891] - Error message does not get propagated correctly when reading from JSON file
- [DRILL-1973] - Tableau query causes parsing error
- [DRILL-1980] - Create table with a Cast to interval day results in a file which cannot be read
- [DRILL-2005] - Create table fails to write out a parquet file created from hive- read works fine
- [DRILL-2006] - Implement text reader with advanced capabilities
- [DRILL-2036] - select * query returns wrong result when column name in json file changes case
- [DRILL-2073] - Filter on a field in a nested repeated type throws an exception
- [DRILL-2074] - Queries fail with OutOfMemory Exception when Hash Join & Agg are turned off
- [DRILL-2085] - Failed to propagate error
- [DRILL-2091] - NPE in AbstractSqlAccessor
- [DRILL-2093] - Columns of time and timestamp data type are not stored correctly in json format on CTAS
- [DRILL-2140] - RPC Error querying JSON with empty nested maps
- [DRILL-2141] - Data type error in group by and order by for JSON
- [DRILL-2158] - Failure while attempting to start Drillbit in embedded mode.
- [DRILL-2179] - better handle column called 'Timestamp'
- [DRILL-2181] - Throw proper error message when flatten is used within an 'order by' or 'group by'
- [DRILL-2201] - clear error message on join on complex type
- [DRILL-2208] - Error message must be updated when query contains operations on a flattened column
- [DRILL-2219] - Concurrent modification exception in TopLevelAllocator if a child allocator is added during loop in close()
- [DRILL-2221] - CTAS (JSON) creates unreadable files when writing empty arrays
- [DRILL-2228] - Projecting '*' returns all nulls when we have flatten in a filter and order by
- [DRILL-2229] - SQL syntax errors should use SQLSyntaxErrorException
- [DRILL-2232] - Flatten functionality not well defined when we use flatten in an order by without projecting it
- [DRILL-2264] - Incorrect data when we use aggregate functions with flatten
- [DRILL-2277] - COUNT(*) should return 0 instead of an empty result set when there are no records
- [DRILL-2281] - Drill never returns when we use aggregate functions after a join with an order by
- [DRILL-2292] - CTAS broken when we have repeated maps
- [DRILL-2301] - Query fails when multiple table aliases are provided for CTEs
- [DRILL-2340] - count(*) fails with subquery not containing limit
- [DRILL-2350] - Star query failed with exception on JSON data
- [DRILL-2376] - UNION ALL on Aggregates with GROUP BY returns incomplete results
- [DRILL-2404] - After we cancel a query, DRILL sometimes hangs for the next query
- [DRILL-2408] - CTAS should not create empty folders when underlying query returns no results
- [DRILL-2411] - Scalar SUM/AVG over empty result set returns no rows instead of NULL
- [DRILL-2423] - DROP VIEW against non-existent views fails with ZK error
- [DRILL-2425] - Wrong results when identifier change cases within the same data file
- [DRILL-2437] - enhance exception injection to support session level injections
- [DRILL-2452] - ResultSet.getDouble should not throw an exception when the underlying type is a FLOAT
- [DRILL-2476] - Handle IterOutcome.STOP in buildSchema()
- [DRILL-2506] - IOOB with order by and limit
- [DRILL-2511] - Assert with full outer join when one of the join predicates is of a required type (nullabe parquet)
- [DRILL-2528] - Drill-JDBC-All Jar uses outdated classes
- [DRILL-2532] - Glob not always fired for DFS storage engine
- [DRILL-2533] - Metrics displayed in the profile UI should be rounded off instead of being truncated
- [DRILL-2535] - Column labels on drill profile page are incorrect
- [DRILL-2536] - Peak Mem column in the profile page displays 0 when value is less than 1MB
- [DRILL-2545] - Killing a JDBC client program does not kill the query on drillbits
- [DRILL-2548] - JDBC driver prints misleading SQL exception on getting record batches with no data
- [DRILL-2552] - ZK disconnect to foreman node results in hung query on client
- [DRILL-2554] - Incorrect results for repeated values when using jdbc
- [DRILL-2569] - Minor fragmentId in Profile UI gets truncated to the last 2 digits
- [DRILL-2570] - Broken JDBC-All Jar packaging can cause missing XML classes
- [DRILL-2589] - Creating a view with duplicate column names should fail or give a warning to the user
- [DRILL-2598] - Order by with limit on complex type throw IllegalStateException
- [DRILL-2617] - Errors in the execution stack will cause DeferredException to throw an IllegalStateException
- [DRILL-2624] - org.apache.drill.common.StackTrace prints garbage for line numbers
- [DRILL-2662] - Exception type not being included when propagating exception message
- [DRILL-2723] - Inaccurate row count estimate for text files results in BroadcastExchange
- [DRILL-2750] - Running 1 or more queries against Drillbits having insufficient DirectMem renders the Drillbits in an unusable state
- [DRILL-2753] - Implicit cast fails when comparing a double column and a varchar literal
- [DRILL-2754] - Allocation bug in splitAndTransfer method causing some flatten queries to fail
- [DRILL-2755] - Use and handle InterruptedException during query processing
- [DRILL-2757] - Verify operators correctly handle low memory conditions and cancellations
- [DRILL-2776] - querying a .json file that contains a repeated type returns the wrong results
- [DRILL-2778] - Killing the drillbit which is the foreman results in hung sqlline
- [DRILL-2780] - java.lang.IllegalStateException files open exceptions in drillbit.out
- [DRILL-2793] - Killing a non foreman node results in direct memory being held on
- [DRILL-2801] - ORDER BY produces extra records
- [DRILL-2806] - Querying data from compressed csv file returns nulls and unreadable data
- [DRILL-2809] - Increase the default value of partitioner_sender_threads_factor
- [DRILL-2811] - Need option to specify Drillbit in the connection URI to connect to that specific Drillbit
- [DRILL-2816] - system error does not display the original Exception message
- [DRILL-2823] - Merge join should use implicit cast
- [DRILL-2824] - Function resolution should be deterministic
- [DRILL-2826] - Improve resilience to memory leaks and unclosed allocators
- [DRILL-2841] - Web UI very slow in a multi node machine
- [DRILL-2847] - DrillBufs from the RPC layer are being leaked
- [DRILL-2848] - Disable decimal data type by default
- [DRILL-2849] - Difference in query results over CSV file created by CTAS, compared to results over original CSV file
- [DRILL-2865] - Drillbit runs out of memory on multiple consecutive CTAS
- [DRILL-2870] - Fix return type of aggregate functions to be nullable
- [DRILL-2871] - Plan for TPC-H 20 changed with DRILL-1384 (or DRILL-2761) causing performance degradation
- [DRILL-2872] - Result from json file returns data from map type fields as "null"
- [DRILL-2875] - IllegalStateException when querying the public yelp json dataset
- [DRILL-2878] - FragmentExecutor.closeOutResources() is not called if an exception happens in the Foreman before the fragment executor starts running
- [DRILL-2884] - Have cancel() cause "query canceled" rather than just "ResultSet closed"
- [DRILL-2886] - JDBC driver doesn't detect lost connection
- [DRILL-2887] - Fix bad applications of JdbcTest.connect()
- [DRILL-2889] - Rename JdbcTest to JdbcTestBase.
- [DRILL-2894] - FixedValueVectors shouldn't set it's data buffer to null when it fails to allocate it
- [DRILL-2897] - Update Limit 0 to avoid parallelization
- [DRILL-2904] - Fix wrong "before rows" message to "after rows" message
- [DRILL-2907] - Drill performance degrades significantly over time - resource leak
- [DRILL-2914] - regression: Mondrian query534.q, drill give wrong result
- [DRILL-2921] - Query with a mix of distinct and not distinct scalar aggregates runs out of memory
- [DRILL-2927] - Pending query in resource queue starts after timeout
- [DRILL-2928] - C++ Client - io_service needs to be reset if it runs out of work
- [DRILL-2932] - Error text reported via System.out.println rather than thrown SQLException's message
- [DRILL-2934] - Exception when distinct aggregate is compared to numeric literal with decimal point
- [DRILL-2936] - TPCH 4 and 18 SF100 hangs when hash agg is turned off
- [DRILL-2940] - Large allocations are not released until GC kicks in
- [DRILL-2942] - Allow Use of epoll RPC layer on Linux
- [DRILL-2943] - Drill parsing error during deserialization for an Order-By
- [DRILL-2944] - Switch to G1GC to reduce GC cpu overhead.
- [DRILL-2951] - Tables are not visible when Drillbit is specified in the connection URL
- [DRILL-2953] - Group By + Order By query results are not ordered.
- [DRILL-2957] - Netty Memory Manager doesn't move empty chunks between lists
- [DRILL-2959] - Compression codecs are leaking or slow to recapture memory
- [DRILL-2960] - Default hive storage plugin missing from fresh drill install
- [DRILL-2961] - Statement.setQueryTimeout() should throw a SQLException
- [DRILL-2962] - Correlated subquery with scalar aggregate or scalar aggregate with expression throws and error
- [DRILL-2963] - Exists with empty left batch causes IllegalStateException
- [DRILL-2966] - HAVING clause with CASE statement with IN predicate causes assertion
- [DRILL-2968] - crash on parquet file
- [DRILL-2971] - If Bit<>Bit connection is unexpectedly closed and we were already blocked on writing to socket, we'll stay forever in ResettableBarrier.await()
- [DRILL-2973] - Error messages not showing up in sqlline
- [DRILL-2976] - Set default of extended JSON support for output to false until issues are resolved
- [DRILL-2977] - In WorkManager, startFragmentPendingRemote() and addFragmentRunner() need to be permuted
- [DRILL-2978] - FragmentManager is not removed from the WorkEventBus if it's FragmentExecutor is cancelled before it starts running
- [DRILL-2979] - Storage HBase doesn't support customized hbase property zookeeper.znode.parent
- [DRILL-2989] - TPCDS Query corrupts Drillbits and causing subsequent unrelated queries to hang (and timeout)
- [DRILL-2993] - SQLLine hangs when we cancel a query in the middle of displaying results
- [DRILL-2994] - Incorrect error message when disconnecting from server (using direct connection to drillbit)
- [DRILL-2998] - Update C++ client to send/receive heartbeat message
- [DRILL-3000] - I got JIRA report #3000. Now ... to use it for good or evil?
- [DRILL-3001] - Some functional tests fail when new text reader is disabled
- [DRILL-3005] - Spurious Error messages when using PrintingResultsListener
- [DRILL-3006] - CTAS with interval data type creates invalid parquet file
- [DRILL-3007] - Update Drill configuration settings to avoid mmap threshold increases on Linux
- [DRILL-3009] - Reduce the IN list threshold to take advantage of Values operator
- [DRILL-3010] - Convert bad command error messages into UserExceptions in SqlHandlers
- [DRILL-3012] - Values Operator doesn't propagate operator id
- [DRILL-3017] - NPE when cleaning up some RecordReader implementations
- [DRILL-3018] - Queries with scalar aggregate and non equality (non correlated) fail to plan
- [DRILL-3020] - Some exception message text not displayed in SQLLine, etc.; copy to thrown SQLException's message
- [DRILL-3022] - Ensure sequential shutdown of Drillbits
- [DRILL-3033] - Add memory leak fixes found so far in DRILL-1942 to 1.0
- [DRILL-3037] - Unable to query on hdfs after moving to 0.9.0 version
- [DRILL-3046] - Memory Leak after cancelling a query
- [DRILL-3047] - Command failed while establishing connection
- [DRILL-3048] - Disable assertions by default
- [DRILL-3049] - Increase sort spooling threshold
- [DRILL-3050] - Increase query context max memory
- [DRILL-3051] - Integer overflow in TimedRunnable
- [DRILL-3052] - canceling a fragment executor before it starts running will cause the Foreman to wait indefinitely for a terminal message from that fragment
- [DRILL-3057] - A query that used to work before now fails in the optimizer
- [DRILL-3058] - RemoteConnection of RPC double closes the connection
- [DRILL-3061] - Fix memory leaks in TestDrillbitResilience
- [DRILL-3062] - regression: Mondrian query447.q - lots of rows missing in result set
- [DRILL-3063] - TestQueriesOnLargeFile leaks memory with 16M limit
- [DRILL-3065] - Memory Leak at ExternalSortBatch
- [DRILL-3066] - AtomicRemainder - Tried to close remainder, but it has already been closed.
- [DRILL-3069] - Wrong result for aggregate query with filter on SF100
- [DRILL-3070] - Memory Leak when we run out of memory
- [DRILL-3071] - RecordBatchLoader#load leaks memory if an exception is thrown while loading the batch.
- [DRILL-3072] - Profile UI fails to load when there is an empty json profile
- [DRILL-3074] - ReconnectingClient.waitAndRun can stuck in infinite loop if it fails to establish the connection
- [DRILL-3077] - sqlline's return code is 0 even when it force exits due to failed sql command
- [DRILL-3079] - Move JSON Execution Plan parsing to FragmentExecutor
- [DRILL-3080] - Error message is invalid if workload queue times out
- [DRILL-3081] - Fix situation where Drill reports null <--> null in connection error
- [DRILL-3085] - In ExternalSortBatch, Memory Leak in Runtime Generation Code
- [DRILL-3087] - Union All returns incorrect results.
- [DRILL-3088] - IllegalStateException: Cleanup before finished. 0 out of 1 strams have finished
- [DRILL-3089] - Revert to 4 forked test and allow override from command line
- [DRILL-3092] - Memory leak when an allocation fails near the creation of a RecordBatchData object
- [DRILL-3093] - Leaking RawBatchBuffer
- [DRILL-3098] - Set Unix style "line.separator" for tests
- [DRILL-3099] - FileSelection's selectionRoot does not include the scheme and authority
- [DRILL-3100] - TestImpersonationDisabledWithMiniDFS fails on Windows
- [DRILL-3101] - Setting "slice_target" to 1 changes the order of the columns in a "select *" query with order by
- [DRILL-3103] - EncoderException: RpcEncoder must produce at least one message.
- [DRILL-3105] - OutOfMemoryError: GC overhead limit exceeded
- [DRILL-3107] - Dynamic partition pruning fails on Windows (TestDirectoryExplorerUDFs)
- [DRILL-3109] - Cancellation from sqlline is broken with the updated version
- [DRILL-3110] - OutOfMemoryError causes memory accounting leak
- [DRILL-3112] - Drill UI profile page shows exceptions where a long running query is submitted via the UI
- [DRILL-3114] - Sqlline throws exception at launch
- [DRILL-3115] - SQLLine colors do not work well with CYGWIN
Improvement
- [DRILL-1662] - drillbit.sh stop should timeout
- [DRILL-2433] - Implicit cast between date and timestamp is missing in joins
- [DRILL-2508] - Add new column to sys.options table that exposes whether or not the current system value is the default
- [DRILL-2602] - Throw an error on schema change during streaming aggregation
- [DRILL-2697] - Pause injections should pause indefinitely until signalled
- [DRILL-2725] - Faster work assignment logic
- [DRILL-2772] - Display status of query when viewing the query's profile page
- [DRILL-2946] - Tableau 9.0 Desktop Enablement Document
- [DRILL-2955] - Enable color in sqlline for exceptions
- [DRILL-2969] - Readers don't report number of records read in profile
- [DRILL-2981] - Add simplified activity log
- [DRILL-2982] - Tableau 9.0 Server Enablement Documentation
- [DRILL-2984] - UserException is logging through its parent class logger
- [DRILL-3027] - Add convenience methods to test builder for creating nested baseline values
- [DRILL-3053] - add unchecked exception injection site in ChildAllocator
- [DRILL-3084] - Add drill-* convenience methods for common cli startup commands
New Feature
- [DRILL-1573] - Add configuration to skip header row in text files
- [DRILL-2382] - enhance exception injection to support node-specific injections
- [DRILL-2383] - add exception and pause injections for testing drillbit stability
- [DRILL-2658] - Add ilike and regex substring functions
- [DRILL-2958] - Move Drill to alternative cost-based planner for Join planning
Task
- [DRILL-2316] - Docs Enhancement: Data Sources and File Formats, Basics Tutorial
- [DRILL-2336] - configuration storage plugin docs update
- [DRILL-2364] - JSON Data Model Reference 2nd draft
- [DRILL-2381] - write lexical structures section, JSON/Parquet reference fixes, updates to data types
- [DRILL-2397] - Enhance SQL Ref Data Types docs
- [DRILL-2736] - review feedback on multitenancy and user auth
You can now download Drill 1.0.0.


Two suspected suicide bombers from Egypt killed in Philippines
Philippine military says they found bomb vests, grenades and detonators on the attackers in southern island of Jolo.
Soldiers in the southern Philippines have foiled what the army called an attempted suicide bombing in an urban area, the latest in a series of attacks blamed on the ISIL-aligned Abu Sayyaf armed group.
Troops manning a checkpoint on the island of Jolo, Sulu province, engaged in a short gunfight with three men, include two Egyptian nationals on a motorcycle late on Tuesday afternoon, the military said in a statement on Wednesday.
More:
The attackers were killed and bomb vests, a handgun, a grenade and detonators were seized.
The intended target was an urban area of Jolo, the island's capital, and two of the men were Egyptian, the statement said.
The other man was Filipino and a member of Abu Sayyaf, which has pledged allegiance to the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL, or ISIS) and is notorious for piracy and kidnapping foreigners. He was identified as alias Dems.
Cirilito Sobejana, military commander of Western Mindanao, identified the two Egyptians as Abduramil and his son, Abdurahman, according to the Manila-based TV station, GMA News.
Rise of suicide bombers
Corleto Vinluan Jr, military commander in Sulu, was quoted by news reports as lauding the "superb planning and careful execution" to stop the operation.
Vinluan also vowed that the military will "continue to hunt down" all the Abu Sayyaf fighters.
The incident would have been the fifth attempted suicide bombing in the southern Philippines in the past 16 months.
Such attacks were previously unheard of despite decades of separatist unrest and lawlessness that has given rise to separatist sentiments in the country's Mindanao islands, home of the country's Muslim minority.
It marked a sinister turn in the Philippines' fight to contain the armed groups inspired by ISIL who have been joined by fighters from Malaysia and Indonesia, including in a brazen attack and five-month occupation of Marawi City in 2017.
The suicide attacks were all in the Sulu archipelago, Abu Sayyaf's stronghold, and were all claimed by ISIL.
They included a twin bombing of a church in January that killed 21 people, a van bomb at a checkpoint in July 2018 that killed 11, a suicide attack by two youths that killed eight in June, and a woman who prematurely detonated a bomb she was carrying near an army detachment in September.
The attackers included Indonesians, a Moroccan and Filipinos.
Philippine President Rodrigo Duterte has vowed to wipe out Abu Sayyaf and has intensified military operations in its strongholds, although bombings targeting civilians and military have continued unabated.
Since 2017, he has also placed the entire island of Mindanao under martial law. But critics say that despite putting the south under military rule, Duterte has failed to stop the attacks.


specsummary.org
Table of Contents
1 What do we mean by thread?
1.1 Thread of execution in program
- Compiler optimization
- Requires the use of compilers that understand how to do this optimization and work with some sort of threading library like Intel's Thread Building Blocks (Intel compiler) or MPI.
1.2 Operating system thread
- Scheduling unit in operating system
- Used to be called "Lightweight process" in Unix
- Applications have to use some sort of threading directive such as POSIX pthreads (as used in PARSEC) to implement parallel algorithms.
2 Are the SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks multi-threaded?
- CONCLUSION
- Individual SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks are single-threaded serial implementations.
2.1 Supporting documentation
- From the CPU2006 web site (http://www.spec.org/cpu2006/docs/config.html) "Note: the SPEC CPU2006 benchmarks do not require multi-threading, and do not contain threading directives; but a compiler is allowed to try to automatically decompose threads, and there's nothing in the run rules to prohibit you from linking with your preferred version of a supported malloc library."
- The shell scripts provided by SPEC to execute these benchmarks provide an option
2.2 What is the SPEC CPU2006 configuration?
- The SPEC benchmarks use the GCC compiler.
- It does not any sort of automatic thread decomposition. Therefore, any sort of multithreading done in this case will require to use of threading directives.
- The benchmarks are built using the "-o2" option which only does very simple optimizations such as instruction scheduling. In particular, it does not any form of loop-rolling
3 \cite{Ayoub2011d}
3.1 CPU:
3.1.1 2 simulated Quad Core Xeon E4440 processor (2 chips, 8 cores)
3.1.2 Simulation environment
HotSpot simulator using Xeon floorplan
3.2 Workloads:
3.2.1 Starting point
- Conference paper (quoted in current draft) used SPEC CPU2006, journal paper use SPEC CPU2000.
- Workload combinations used in their test
- Table notation: <number of copies><benchmark
- For example, 3eon says 3 copies of eon benchmark
| Workload | CPU Socket A | CPU Socket B |
| W1 | 3eon | eon + mcf + gcc |
| W2 | 2eon + mcf | eon + bzip2 + mcf |
| W3 | 2bzip2 + 2mcf | 2bzip2 + 2mcf |
| W4 | 2perl + 2eon | 2gcc + 2mcf |
| W5 | 2perl + 2bzip2 | 2gcc + 2mcf |
| W6 | 2perl + 2bzip2 | 2gcc + 2mcf |
| W7 | 2perl + bzip2 | gcc+2mcf |
| W8 | perl + 3gcc | perl + 2gcc |
| W9 | perl + 3gcc | perl + 2gcc |
| W10 | perl + 3gcc | perl + 2gcc |
| W11 | perl + 3gzip | perl + gcc + gzip |
| W12 | 3eon | 3eon |
| W13 | 2eon+mcf | 2eon+mcf |
| W14 | 2bzip2 | 2bzip2 |


Introduction to apprenticeships
It's a real job, with hands-on experience, a salary and the chance to train while you work. You get the same as other employees - a contract of employment, holiday leave, even sick pay.
If you're 16 or over, you can become an apprentice as long as you live in England and aren't in full-time education.
Apprenticeships mean:
- You get paid and learn at the same time, with at least 20% of your time set aside for learning - usually at a college, university or a training provider.
- You study for an official certification of your skills, equivalent to a qualification ranging from level two (equivalent to GCSE) all the way up to degree level.
- You're on a career path, which has real potential for a higher salary and great prospects.
Your apprenticeship can take between one and five years to complete, depending on which one, and which level, you choose.
Different apprenticeships are available all over England, at companies large and small, in a wide range of industries and organisations. From local businesses to large national brands.
We've made some massive improvements to apprenticeships recently. They're no longer 'the easy option' - studying and working takes lots of effort and focus. Degree apprenticeships are now recognised as genuine, credible alternatives to full-time university courses.
Completing your apprenticeship means not only will you have less debt, and a valuable recognised qualification, you'll also hopefully have gained the skills needed to progress your career.
If you live in Scotland, Wales or Northern Ireland, check out your apprenticeship options today.
What are the different types of apprenticeships?
There are hundreds of different apprenticeships to choose from. Whether you're at the start of your career, want to change career direction, or if you're returning to work after a break. We have the apprenticeships for you.
Which level is right for me?
(Level Tables Here)
Here's a simple guide to the different apprenticeship levels, numbered from two to seven.
Degree apprenticeships offer the benefits of higher education, with none of the cost. Apprentices earn a salary right from day one of their employment and training. Your tuition fees are covered and paid in full, so you have the potential to graduate debt-free.


Preparation time
30 mins to 1 hour
Cooking time
1 to 2 hours
Serves
Serves 4
For the pork and beef meatballs, remove the crusts from the bread. Place into a bowl and pour over the milk. Leave to stand for five minutes.
Place the beef and pork mince into a blender along with the shallot, garlic, anchovies and seasoning.
Squeeze the excess milk from the bread, discarding the milk, and add bread to the blender.
Blend until it forms a thick mixture.
With slightly wet hands form the meat mixture into balls the size of a small walnut.
Heat a non-stick pan and add a teaspoon each of olive oil and butter.
Fry the balls in batches rolling them in the pan until they are evenly browned; this will take between 6-8 mins per batch.

Heat the oven to 180C/350F/Gas 4. Put the meatballs into the oven to finish cooking for 15 minutes.
For the mushroom sauce, place the stock, wine, shallot, garlic, bay leaf, mushrooms and ketchup into a saucepan and bring to the boil.
Reduce the heat and simmer for 40 minutes.
Pour in the cream and bring it back to a simmer and continue cooking for a few minutes until it is the consistency of a thin sauce. Adjust the seasoning with the lemon juice, salt and freshly ground black pepper.
Remove meatballs from oven and drain off any excess fat.
Dish up alongside some buttered curly kale and plain boiled new potatoes. Spoon over the mushroom sauce and serve with redcurrant jelly on the side.


This is the look of a table that are used in an application. To change the look and feel so it displays as an application, just add the class app to the body tag.
| Business Team | Backend Team | Front End Team | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Facts check | Sanity check | Sanity check |
| 2nd | Spell check | Regression test light | Broken links |
| 3rd | Market specific information | Sample markets (Italy/Ireland) | Device and screen tests |
| 4th | Slides & content | Performance test | Code Quality |
| 5th | Internal & public versions | Internal and external access | Internal & public versions |
This is the look of a table that are used in an application. To change the look and feel so it displays as an application, just add the class app to the body tag.
| Business Team | Backend Team | Front End Team | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st | Facts check | Sanity check | Sanity check |
| 2nd | Spell check | Regression test light | Broken links |
| 3rd | Market specific information | Sample markets (Italy/Ireland) | Device and screen tests |
| 4th | Slides & content | Performance test | Code Quality |
| 5th | Internal & public versions | Internal and external access | Internal & public versions |


Build status:
Code Coverage:
Find the full source code on Github!
The latest releases can be found here!
See all coverage report here!


Etsy is an e-commerce website focused on handmade or vintage items and supplies, as well as unique factory-manufactured items.This allows for many people to participate in the online market for the first time by allowing people to create their own shops and sell the items that they create..
This process is what I went through when creating my own Etsy shop. When you begin with your Etsy shop, It’ll ask for your shop preferences such as the language your shop will be in, the shop country, and the currency that will be used for the online transaction. The next step would be to name your shop. When you type your name into the box and it will check for availability. If the name you have chosen is available then you will continue.
The next steps will be to add the listings to your shop. You’ll be asked to take pictures of the item or items that you are selling. This can be a physical product or a digital one. When creating my Etsy shop I was selling digital products. You are asked to give it a title and information about the listings. You’ll then have to put the product into a type of category and give it a description. Lastly, you’ll have to put information on inventory and pricing. If it’s a digital file then you have to put the digital item asleep so the buyers can access it when the item is purchased.
Then you’ll need to add information on banking so that when an item is purchased the money will be sent to the bank. First, they’ll ask where is your bank located and the money that is used in your country will be sent accordingly. They’ll ask information on where the funds will be deposited but there is no need to worry because your information is protected using SSL encryption and security. They’ll ask information about yourself Country of residence, name, age, social security number, and address.


A CHORUS OF DISAPPROVAL A film review by Jeff Meyer Copyright 1989 Jeff Meyer
[Seen at the Seattle International Film Festival]
A CHORUS OF DISAPPROVAL (Great Britain, 1989) Director/Producer: Michael Winner Screenwriter: Alan Ayckbourn and Michael Winner, from the play by Ayckbourn Cast: Jeremy Irons, Anthony Hopkins, Jenny Seagrove, Prunella Scales, Lionel Jeffries, Richard Briers, Patsy Kensit, Alexandra Pigg
Rambling comedies with eccentric characters have been very much in vogue within the independent cinema over the last decade; and indeed, some very good work has been done with this kind of premise. A CHORUS OF DISAPPROVAL is not one of them. It opens with a very shy widower (Irons) who has been moved to a British seaside town by his company deciding to start a social life again. He comes upon an ad in the local paper about a volunteer production of "The Beggar's Opera" looking for players, and decides that this will be the means for his reentry into a social life.
The cast of "The Beggar's Opera" is a collection of characters from all social and financial strata, most of them rather strident; the only really enjoyable one is the director, played by Anthony Hopkins with hearty grouchy malice. Irons starts out with a bit role, but due to either illness on the part of a cast member, or bad blood between actors, he finds himself moving into better and better roles. At the same time, Iron's personality begins to change as he takes on bigger, more challenging parts; he becomes more self-confident, more charming -- and more manipulative of the people he's working with. He also starts affairs with two of the company, one of them being Hopkin's wife.
This isn't new ground for a film, but that doesn't matter; the point is really that it isn't very funny. The dialogue is fairly flat, and the characters never take on any real dimension (except for Hopkins'); if it was meant to be more of a drama than a comedy, then the characters need added dimension. It ends with no surprise, just a wry side-glance at the acting profession and those who work in it. The trouble is, the events of A CHORUS OF DISAPPROVAL, presented the way they are, are hardly worth a side-glance in the first place.
Moriarty, aka Jeff Meyer INTERNET<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Manual UUCP: {uw-beaver, sun, microsoft, hplsla, uiucuxc}!fluke!moriarty .
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Control Flow : The order in which instructions are executed within a program.
Control Structures : Expressions that alter the control flow based on given parameters.
Conditional Statements : A control structure that is used to perform different actions based on different conditions.
Else Statement : statement that will evaluate if prior conditions are deemed falsey.
Think of them as a chain. > Fun Fact : Nesting the else/if and else chains are called 'cuddled else's'; this is common JS style but functionally they help the reader see more information in a more concise way.
Guard Clauses : useful to refactor conditional logic and to reduce the number of lines in your functions.
When to use If Statements
If we are working with a situation that is mutually exclusive, then we should use an If/Else Statement.
Age old principal for writing good code: DRY (Don't repeat yourself)!
Loops : Are a fundamental control structure that will repeatedly execute a section of code while a condition is true.
While Loops : Will execute a block of code as long a specified condition is true.
while (condition) {
// code block to be executed
}
let index = 0;
while (index < 10) {
console.log("The number is " + index);
index++;
}
Important Loop Knowledge
Don't forget to always start your loops with a zero index.
iteration : the act of repeating a procedure; looping is an iterative technique
For Loops For loops can be broken down into three sections:
Translating From One Loop to Another
Here is an example of the same loop expressed as a while and for loop.
function forLoopDoubler (array) {
for (let i = 0; i < array.length; i++>) {
array[i] = array[i] \* 2
}
return array;
};
function forLoopDoubler (array) {
let i = 0;
while (i < array.length>) {
array[i] = array[i] \* 2;
i++;
}
return array;
};
Using Arrays
Working with Arrays


{% extends "layout.html" %}
{%block content %}
PROGRESSUS: free business bootstrap template by GetTemplateAWESOME, CUSTOMIZABLE, FREE
The difference between involvement and commitment is like an eggs-and-ham breakfast:
the chicken was involved; the pig was committed.
I'd highly recommend you Sublime Text - a free to try text editor which I'm using daily. Awesome tool!
Well, there are thousands of stock art galleries, but personally, I prefer to use photos from these sites: Unsplash.com and Flickr - Creative Commons
Yes, you can. You may use this template for any purpose, just don't forget about the license, which says: "You must give appropriate credit", i.e. you must provide the name of the creator and a link to the original template in your work.
Yes, I can. Please drop me a line to sergey-at-pozhilov.com and describe your needs in details. Please note, my services are not cheap.


Configuration Name: * ServiceNow URL: * UserName: * Password: * Organization: * Select an Organization


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Software Developers for Modern Enterprises
Discrete Events is a software company. With powerful integration capabilities, Discrete Events empowers businesses to scale quickly to realize their future. The software development is an art, and our passion.
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type runtime.notInHeapSlice
9 uses
runtime (current package)
malloc.go#L767: *(*notInHeapSlice)(unsafe.Pointer(&h.allArenas)) = notInHeapSlice{newArray, len(h.allArenas), int(size / sys.PtrSize)}
mheap.go#L517: *(*notInHeapSlice)(unsafe.Pointer(&h.allspans)) = *(*notInHeapSlice)(unsafe.Pointer(&new))
mpagealloc_64bit.go#L84: sl := notInHeapSlice{(*notInHeap)(r), 0, entries}
mranges.go#L167: ranges := (*notInHeapSlice)(unsafe.Pointer(&a.ranges))
mranges.go#L294: ranges := (*notInHeapSlice)(unsafe.Pointer(&a.ranges))
mranges.go#L364: ranges := (*notInHeapSlice)(unsafe.Pointer(&b.ranges))
slice.go#L20: type notInHeapSlice struct {
The pages are generated with Golds v0.2.7-preview. (GOOS=darwin GOARCH=amd64)


You click and Text will Disappear..
Check This Out
Click Below Para ............
This is First Para
This is Second Para
//added
pravin
This is Third Para


Create article via url
url:
Create article
url:
title:
source:
body:
Generate Questions
article ID:
"View" Question


Literature can be described as all of the following:
Communication
activity of conveying information. Communication requires a sender, a message, and an intended recipient,
although the receiver need
not be present or aware of the sender's intent to communicate at the time of communication; thus communication
can occur across vast distances in
time and space.
Written communication (writing)
representation of language in a textual medium through the use of a set of signs or symbols (known as a writing system)
One of the arts
imaginative, creative, or nonscientific branch of knowledge, especially as studied academically.
The history of literature is the historical development of writings in prose or poetry that attempt to provide entertainment
, enlightenment, or instruction to the reader/listener/observer,
as well as the development of the literary techniques used in the communication
of these pieces. Not all writings constitute literature.
Some recorded materials, such as compilations of data
(e.g., a check register) are not considered literature,
and this article relates only to the evolution of the works defined above.


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www.1800pools.com is a great place to buy pool and spa parts and supplies. It is the only place you will need to be. You will find a huge selection of pool products and accessories at great affordable prices. 1800pools.com buys in bulk so they can pass on the volume discounts to you. Add our discount coupons to your purchase and you will end up with a great product at an amazingly low price. Check it out today. www.1800pools.com has hundreds of products to choose from. Visit them online at www.1800pools.com.
www.1800pools.com carries loads of items for personal and commercial pools. You can get pool cleaning products like automatic pool chlorinators, pool cleaners, filters, pool kits, lightings, pool heaters, pool pumps and loads of other pool related products. You can also get pool exercise and fun products like swimming training equipments, underwater timers, and alarms for safety, aquatic exercise weights and many other fun related items. check it out on www.1800pools.com. Have a wonderful time in your pool and also grow healthier and slimmer with the correct pool equipment. Get a great deal on these products.
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#include <contour.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| contour (const string &f, const color &col) | |
| Constructor. | |
| void | dl_gen (const screen &scr) |
| Display-list generator. |
This class maps a scalar function of two variables to a 2-d plot showing the iso-curve z = 0
| glot::contour::contour | ( | const string & | f, | |
| const color & | col | |||
| ) | [inline] |
Constructor.
The function may use x, y and t and any combination of C-available functions. Rather, any C-available functions supported by the OpenGL Shading Language (GLSL) which includes most.
NOTE: GLSL is very picky about typecasting. When using integer values use the float equivalent instead: (Use 1.0 not 1, 93.0 not 93)
| void glot::contour::dl_gen | ( | const screen & | scr | ) | [virtual] |
Display-list generator.
| scr | - The specifications of the screen |
Implements glot::primitive.


Sometimes you need to go beyond reading books and blogposts: Access experienced UX Designers on-demand and get just the right feedback you need to become better at your craft.
Apply nowCareer Advice, Leadership, Storytelling, Prototyping, User Research... you name it!
Browse through a list of experienced designers and choose the one that's right for you.
We then connect you to the coach and you'll benefit from his expertise.


KnurldSDK.appModel.get(inputs, successCallback, errorCallBack);
Methods
create(input, successCallback, errorCallBack)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
input |
Object | javascript object which contents all the inputs for API
e.g. var inputs={}; inputs.enrollmentRepeats="enrollmentRepeats"; Required. inputs.vocabulary="vocabulary"; Required. inputs.verificationLength="verificationLength"; Required. inputs.threshold=threshold; Optional. inputs.autoThresholdEnable=autoThresholdEnable; Optional. inputs.autoThresholdClearance=autoThresholdClearance; Optional. inputs.autoThresholdMaxRise=autoThresholdMaxRise; Optional. inputs.useModelUpdate=useModelUpdate; Optional. inputs.modelUpdateDailyLimit=modelUpdateDailyLimit; Optional. ----------Info----------- enrollmentRepeats:# of times the user is asked to repeat each phrase during the enrollment process. Minimum required is 3. vocabulary:Consumers may enroll with any combination of the phrases associated with app-model. A subset of phrases will be selected for each verification. verificationLength:# of phrases to use for verification. Recommended minimum is 3. Make sure that this is equal to or less than the number of phrases specified in the vocabulary parameter. The actual phrases asked for by the engine at verification time is a random subset of the phrase vocabulary. threshold:Optional, Score threshold for verification. Default 2 (typical range between 2 and 4) autoThresholdEnable:Optional, If enabled, consumers who constantly score high will have their threshold adjusted automatically. (optional, default true) autoThresholdClearance:Optional, Distance above the base threshold that a consumer's score needs to be to activate auto-adjustment. (optional, default 2.5) autoThresholdMaxRise:Optional, Maximum value above the base threshold that a consumer's auto-adjustment will rise to. (optional, default 1.0) useModelUpdate:Optional, Optional. Enable augmenting enrollment data with audio from successful verifications. (optional, default false) modelUpdateDailyLimit:Optional, Maximum amount of times per day that model updating will be applied (default 1) |
successCallback |
function | Success Call Back |
errorCallBack |
function | Error Call Back |
del(inputs, successCallback, errorCallBack)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
inputs |
Object | javascript object which contents all the inputs for API
e.g. var inputs={}; inputs.appModelId = "5571c3a5c203f17826740e90192d5602"; // Do not put full url |
successCallback |
function | Success Call Back |
errorCallBack |
function | Error Call Back |
get(inputs, successCallback, errorCallBack)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
inputs |
Object | javascript object which contents all the inputs for API
e.g. var inputs={}; inputs.limit = 10; inputs.offset = 0; |
successCallback |
function | Success Call Back |
errorCallBack |
function | Error Call Back |
getAll(inputs, successCallback, errorCallBack)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
inputs |
Object | javascript object which contents all the inputs for API
e.g. var inputs={}; |
successCallback |
function | Success Call Back |
errorCallBack |
function | Error Call Back |
getAllInOneCall(inputs, successCallback, errorCallBack)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
inputs |
Object | javascript object which contents all the inputs for API
e.g. var inputs={}; |
successCallback |
function | Success Call Back |
errorCallBack |
function | Error Call Back |
update(input, successCallback, errorCallBack)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
input |
Object | javascript object which contents all the inputs for API
e.g. var inputs={}; inputs.enrollmentRepeats="enrollmentRepeats"; Required. inputs.vocabulary="vocabulary"; Required. inputs.verificationLength="verificationLength"; Required. inputs.threshold=threshold; Optional. inputs.autoThresholdEnable=autoThresholdEnable; Optional. inputs.autoThresholdClearance=autoThresholdClearance; Optional. inputs.autoThresholdMaxRise=autoThresholdMaxRise; Optional. inputs.useModelUpdate=useModelUpdate; Optional. inputs.modelUpdateDailyLimit=modelUpdateDailyLimit; Optional. inputs.appModelId = "5571c3a5c203f17826740e90192d5602"; ----------Info-----------enrollmentRepeats:# of times the user is asked to repeat each phrase during the enrollment process. Minimum required is 3. vocabulary:Consumers may enroll with any combination of the phrases associated with app-model. A subset of phrases will be selected for each verification. verificationLength:# of phrases to use for verification. Recommended minimum is 3. Make sure that this is equal to or less than the number of phrases specified in the vocabulary parameter. The actual phrases asked for by the engine at verification time is a random subset of the phrase vocabulary. threshold:Optional, Score threshold for verification. Default 2 (typical range between 2 and 4) autoThresholdEnable:Optional, If enabled, consumers who constantly score high will have their threshold adjusted automatically. (optional, default true) autoThresholdClearance:Optional, Distance above the base threshold that a consumer's score needs to be to activate auto-adjustment. (optional, default 2.5) autoThresholdMaxRise:Optional, Maximum value above the base threshold that a consumer's auto-adjustment will rise to. (optional, default 1.0) useModelUpdate:Optional, Optional. Enable augmenting enrollment data with audio from successful verifications. (optional, default false) modelUpdateDailyLimit:Optional, Maximum amount of times per day that model updating will be applied (default 1) |
successCallback |
function | Success Call Back |
errorCallBack |
function | Error Call Back |


Help us keep diaspora live at poddery.com
What is this all about?
an attempt to preserve something
Poddery.com, one of the earliest diaspora social networking host is scheduled to close on April 30th, 2013. We want to save this pod. Diaspora is a culture. A culture against the loss of personal privacy by the corporate social network giants. Diaspora enables us to keep one's data with himself/herself and provides the flexibility to select the shareable data. When the data is stored in his/her local machines and not on a single central server, it provides the utmost security to users. Diaspora, being a distributed system, is actually a network of multiple instances of the software Diaspora. These instances are called pods. You can think of it like a mobile service provider or an email provider. One of the oldest and biggest Diaspora pod, poddery.com is at the verge of closing down. If poddery.com is shut down, it will be a great morale loss to the diaspora culture. It may create an impression that Diaspora pods are not reliable and have no guarantee to run for ever. This campaign is trying to prevent this calamity and protect the diversity. To prevent poddery from closing down so as to refuel the diaspora idea. We are planning to adopt poddery.com from its current guardian and host it ourselves.
The impact
fuel we need to keep this motor running
Your contribution, is literally the fuel we need to keep this motor running. Without that, poddery.com is dead, taking with it the credibility of Diaspora culture. Your contributions will surely make history, a history of a war between a david called privacy and corporate goliath. Your contributions are goliath's pebbles. Provide them and be part of this history. Your contributions, by helping Diaspora, shows the world that we can definitely share what we wish without selling anything to the corporate giants. You control what, whom and when parameters of access regarding your data.
Who are we?
some of the early adopters of diaspora
We are a community of diaspora users and contributors from early days of diaspora.
What we want?
this is what we are fighting for
- $514 is spent for amazon aws medium instance reserved for 3 years.
- $231.55 is used to pay for bandwidth, considering 100% increase in bandwidth use per year and 10% increase in bandwidth cost per year by amazon.
- $500 is kept aside for printing and sending T shirts.
- $200 is kept aside for promotion of diaspora like organizing workshops, classes, etc.
- $60 is set aside for paying the previous pod owner for renewal for June.
- All the residual amount is spent for promotion of diaspora and any unexpected expenses occured.
What you get?
perks for our generous supporters
- $1 - Name on the "Donator" List
- $5 - Details on the "Donator" List (homepage/blog/any url)
- $10 - @poddery.com email alias
- $20 - Photo on Donor's list
- $50 - T Shirt (max 25) [set 15 for US and 10 for India]
- $100 - Name on front page (max 10)
- $200 - Home Page Banner (max 6)
- $500 - Sidebar Banner (every page - max 3)
Spread the word
Let your friends know about us
Follow us, Share and help us spread the word! Some people just can’t contribute, but that doesn’t mean they can’t help:
- Share the Diaspora philosophy
- Tell your friends why privacy and anonymity became one of the fundamental needs in cyber world
- Get the word out and make some noise about this campaign.
- Use the Indiegogo share tools to spread the word!
- Use Diaspora, talk Diaspora, share Diaspora, be Diaspora


Overall Critics Score
60
Critic Reviews
New York Times
"Sinisterly superb, this is a well-crafted, phenomenally acted, artistically drenched triumph that's a whole lot more responsible than most other friendship centered films." Read more...
88
San Francisco Times
"Although this film is not for me and struggles to hit 5/10, the 10-year-old I saw it with was so tickled by it and explicitly instructed me to note in this review that they give it a 7/10. So in the spirit of democracy, a 6/10 it is" Read more...
60
London Times
"It feels like every single person working on this movie didn't have the time to do their job. Nothing looks thought out properly, lots of things are lacking. Tasteless." Read more...
25


|
PIano
1.0
A piano sampler application for the Raspberry PI
|
An abstract base class for realtime MIDI input/output. More...
#include <RtMidi.h>
Inherited by RtMidiIn, and RtMidiOut.
Public Types | |
| enum | Api { UNSPECIFIED, MACOSX_CORE, LINUX_ALSA, UNIX_JACK, WINDOWS_MM, RTMIDI_DUMMY } |
| MIDI API specifier arguments. More... | |
Public Member Functions | |
| virtual void | openPort (unsigned int portNumber=0, const std::string portName=std::string("RtMidi"))=0 |
| Pure virtual openPort() function. More... | |
| virtual void | openVirtualPort (const std::string portName=std::string("RtMidi"))=0 |
| Pure virtual openVirtualPort() function. More... | |
| virtual unsigned int | getPortCount ()=0 |
| Pure virtual getPortCount() function. More... | |
| virtual std::string | getPortName (unsigned int portNumber=0)=0 |
| Pure virtual getPortName() function. More... | |
| virtual void | closePort (void)=0 |
| Pure virtual closePort() function. More... | |
| virtual bool | isPortOpen (void) const =0 |
| Returns true if a port is open and false if not. More... | |
| virtual void | setErrorCallback (RtMidiErrorCallback errorCallback=NULL)=0 |
| Set an error callback function to be invoked when an error has occured. More... | |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static std::string | getVersion (void) throw () |
| A static function to determine the current RtMidi version. More... | |
| static void | getCompiledApi (std::vector< RtMidi::Api > &apis) throw () |
| A static function to determine the available compiled MIDI APIs. More... | |
Protected Member Functions | |
| RtMidi () | |
| virtual | ~RtMidi () |
Protected Attributes | |
| MidiApi * | rtapi_ |
An abstract base class for realtime MIDI input/output.
This class implements some common functionality for the realtime MIDI input/output subclasses RtMidiIn and RtMidiOut.
RtMidi WWW site: http://music.mcgill.ca/~gary/rtmidi/
RtMidi: realtime MIDI i/o C++ classes Copyright (c) 2003-2014 Gary P. Scavone
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
Any person wishing to distribute modifications to the Software is asked to send the modifications to the original developer so that they can be incorporated into the canonical version. This is, however, not a binding provision of this license.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.
| enum RtMidi::Api |
MIDI API specifier arguments.
| Enumerator | |
|---|---|
| UNSPECIFIED |
Search for a working compiled API. |
| MACOSX_CORE |
Macintosh OS-X Core Midi API. |
| LINUX_ALSA |
The Advanced Linux Sound Architecture API. |
| UNIX_JACK |
The JACK Low-Latency MIDI Server API. |
| WINDOWS_MM |
The Microsoft Multimedia MIDI API. |
| RTMIDI_DUMMY |
A compilable but non-functional API. |
|
protected |
Definition at line 46 of file RtMidi.cpp.
|
protectedvirtual |
Definition at line 51 of file RtMidi.cpp.
|
pure virtual |
Pure virtual closePort() function.
|
static |
A static function to determine the available compiled MIDI APIs.
The values returned in the std::vector can be compared against the enumerated list values. Note that there can be more than one API compiled for certain operating systems.
Definition at line 63 of file RtMidi.cpp.
|
pure virtual |
Pure virtual getPortCount() function.
|
pure virtual |
Pure virtual getPortName() function.
|
static |
A static function to determine the current RtMidi version.
Definition at line 58 of file RtMidi.cpp.
|
pure virtual |
|
pure virtual |
Pure virtual openPort() function.
|
pure virtual |
Pure virtual openVirtualPort() function.
|
pure virtual |


Questions
Questions:
Write a program to ask the current user how many people are there in his/her family, then, prints out the following messages:
How many people are there in your family? 4
Congratulations! You have won the 'Taming the Python' contest.
The grand prize is 103 up cakes
If you split them evenly among all 4 people in your family,
each person has 25 cup cakes.
....May I keep the remaining 3 ...please?
family_size = input('How many people are there in your family? ')
cupcakes_per_person = 103 / family_size
remaining = 103 % family_size
# Gathering input and convert it to int
answer = input('How many people are there in your family? ')
family_size = int(answer)
# Calculate the remainder, using integer division and modulo
cupcakes_per_person = 103 / family_size
remaining = 103 % family_size
print('The grand prize is 103 cup cakes')
print('If you split them evenly among all', family_size, 'members')
print('each person has', cupcakes_per_person, 'cup cakes')
print('....May I have the remaining', remaining, 'please?')
code_block_0_statement1
code_block_0_statement2
codeblock_1_statement1
codeblock_1_statement2
codeblock_1_statement3
code_block_0_statement3
code_block_0_statement4
statement0
statement1
if condition:
statement2
statement3
statement4
print("Don't forget your phone")
print("Don't forget your keys")
if temperature < 70:
print("Don't forget your jacket either!")
print("Don't forget your lunch") # Is this what we want?
print("Don't forget to check mail")
statement0
if condition:
statement1
statement2
else:
statement3
statement4
statement5
if temperature < 70:
print("It's cold out there")
else:
print("It's hot out there")
print("Dress properly!"")
if temperature < 70:
print("It's cold")
if temperature < 70:
print("It's cold")
else:
pass
Q: What happens if you have pass within a code block that is not empty?
A: Nothing! pass is ignored
Write a script to ask for current user's age, print out the age, and remind him/her to vote if he/she is 18or older
How old are you? 21
You are 21 years old.
Did you register to vote?

Write a script to ask for current user's age, print out the age, and remind him/her to vote if he/she is 18 or older
Write a script to ask for current user's age, print out the age, and remind him/her to vote if he/she is 18 or older
answer = input('How old are you? ') # 1. Get current users input
age = int(answer) # 2. Convert the answer to int
print('You are', age, 'years old') # 3. Print current user's age
if age >= 18: # 4. Optionally remind to register
print('Did you register to vote?')
Write a script to ask for current user's age, and print out the age. Remind him/her to vote if he/she is 18 or older, else print an error
answer = input('How old are you? ') # 1. Get current users input
age = int(answer) # 2. Convert the answer to int
print('You are', age, 'years old') # 3. Print current user's age
if age >= 18: # 4. Remind user to register
print('Did you register to vote?')
else: # Else print an error
print("I'd like to help you son but you're too young to vote")
print('Done')
if age > 18:
print('You can vote')
if age > 21:
print('You are old enough to drink')
print('Do not drink and vote')
else:
print('You should vote')
else:
print('You are too young')
if age > 18:
print('You can vote')
if age >= 21:
print('You are old enough to drink')
print('Do not drink and vote')
else:
print('You should vote')
else:
print('You are too young')
if age > 18:
print('You can vote')
if age >= 21:
print('You are old enough to drink')
print('Do not drink and vote')
else:
print('You should vote')
else:
print('You are too young')
if age > 18:
if age > 18:
print('You can vote')
if age >= 21:
print('You are old enough to drink')
print('Do not drink and vote')
else:
print('You should vote')
else:
print('You are too young')
if age > 18:
print('You can vote')
if age >= 21:
print('You are old enough to drink')
print('Do not drink and vote')
else:
print('You should vote')
else:
print('You are too young')
You can use different conditions on different variables
if age > 5:
if today == 'Friday':
print("Tomorrow is Saturday, you don't have school or work")
else:
if today == 'Saturday':
print("Tomorrow is Sunday, you don't have school or work")
print('done')
if age > 18:
print('You are no longer in grade school')
else:
if age > 15:
print('You are in high school')
else:
if age > 10:
print('You are in middle school')
else:
if age > 5:
print('You are in elementary school')
else:
print('You are too young to do Python!')
Ladder step diagram
if age > 18:
print('You are no longer in grade school')
elif age > 15:
print('You are in high school')
elif age > 10:
print('You are in middle school')
elif age > 5:
print('You are in elementary school')
else:
print('You are too young to do Python!')
while condition:
statement1
statement2
statement3
update condition
while not condition:
statement_0
statement_1
update condition
counter = 0
while counter <= 10:
print("Counting from 0 up to 10", counter)
counter = counter + 1 # incrementing counter
answer = input('Do you like Python? (You MUST say Yes)' )
while not (answer == 'Yes'):
print('Python is wonderful!')
print('Python is awesome!')
print('You should like Python!')
print('Done')
answer = input('Do you like Python? (You MUST say Yes)' )
while not (answer == 'Yes'):
print('Python is wonderful!')
print('Python is awesome!')
print('You should like Python!')
answer = input('Do you like Python? ') # This line is here to update answer
print('Done')
Write a script to ask a user to enter a number larger than 10, then start counting upto that number
answer = input('Please enter a number larger than 10:')
end_number = int(answer)
count = 1
while count <= end_number:
print(count)
count = count + 1
print('done')
num = 0
while num < 10:
print('The number is', num)
num = num + 1 # increment num, using the current value
print('The next number is', num)
print('done')
num = 0
while num < 10:
print('The number is', num)
num = num + 1 # increment num, using the current value
break
print('The next number is', num)
print('done')
num = 0
while num < 10:
print('The number is', num)
num = num + 1 # increment num, using the current value
continue
print('The next number is', num)
print('done')
round = 0
while round < 5:
print('-----------------------------------')
print('Counting from 1 to 3, round', round)
round = round + 1
count = 0
while count < 3:
print(count)
count = count + 1
Count from 0 to 100, but stop after a number specified by the user
answer = input('Enter the stop number: ')
end = int(answer)
counter = 0
while counter <= 100:
print('Counting number:', counter)
counter = counter + 1
if counter > end:
print('I am stopping after', end)
break
print('done')
Count from 0 to 100, and print if the current number is odd or even
counter = 0
while counter < 100:
if counter % 2 == 0:
print(counter, "is an even number")
else:
print(counter, "is an odd number")
counter = counter + 1
answer = input('Tell me where to start')
start_number = int(answer)
if start_number < 50:
count = start_number
while count < 50:
print('Counting:', count)
count = count + 1
else:
print('Bad input. Start number must be less than 50')
Write a script to ask current user for his/her birth year, then ask for the current year. Validate that the birth year is less than current year and print out the current user's age. Print an error otherwise.
Write a script to print out a multiplication table for a number specified by the user.
Print out the multiplication tables from 1 to 10
Print out the multiplication tables from 1 to 10


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% block content %}
There is currently no information about this session available.
Please visit this page again later :-)


Your email client's "address book" enables addition of email addresses to your contact list quickly and without error. Your address book should store all of your frequently used email addresses, enabling you to select from a list instead of having to re-type the addresses each time you send an email. This is the fastest way to address a message and more importantly ensures that you will never make a typing mistake and send your email to the wrong address.
If possible, you should copy each address from a valid email and then paste it into your address book when you create an entry for the first time, because this is faster and more importantly you will be sure there aren't any typing mistakes. If the address form has an option like "Include on recipient or nickname list", then you should select that option to make sure the address will show up on your address book menu from anywhere in your email program.
If there is an option like "Nickname" or "Short Form", then specify an easily remembered name for convenient retrieval from the address book. One of the best formats is last name first, so that it shows up in alphabetical order in your address book list. Try one of the following forms, depending on how flexible your email program is.
Smith, John
Smith-John
SmithJohn
You can also use the address book to enter addresses in the "To", "CC", and "BCC" fields.Clicking To: , Cc: or Bcc: opens your Address Book in a sub-window, from which you can select recipients. Click Insert Checked Contacts when you are done.
Send your message to more than one person. Add additional email addresses after "To:" and separate them with commas (e.g<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>etc.).
Bcc: Bcc is blind carbon copy. If you want to send a copy of your message to someone and not let anyone else see that they are getting a copy, click "Show Bcc" above the "To:" line. Bcc: recipients are invisible to the To: and Cc: recipients of the message, as well as to each other. For example, if you send a message to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with a Bcc: to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>johndoe will see himself as the message's only recipient. janedoe will also get the message and she will see that you addressed and sent the message To: johndoe as well.
Even categories can be created and addresses can be added to categories by Add Contact option. Then using those categories, mails can be sent to multiple users. Categories can also be edited by clicking at Mail options then Edit Categories.


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The numbers tell us that graduate school is in real trouble. Leonard Cassuto, professor of English, is determined to change it.
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More than 2,000 new students converged on Fordham’s campuses on Aug. 30, greeted by maroon-clad upperclassmen and a host of University staff and administrators.
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Playbill, the magazine ubiquitous to Broadway theater and beyond, has named Fordham one of “Broadway’s Big 10: Top Colleges Currently Represented on Currently Running Shows.”
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I am a computer science major from the University of California Irvine. A little background about myself, I almost failed the beginning courses in computer science when I switched majors. However, taking those classes and doing the projects gave me a sense of thrill that I've never in anything other class. So I persevered and am improving my programming skills with each passing day.
I love learning about and trying out the different fields in Computer Science. I even program on the weekend to keep myself active. Whenever a professor assigns me a new project, there tinge of excitement at the opportunity to create something new and overcome another challenge! At the moment, I am still a student at UCI. When I graduate, I want to be Software Developer with an open mind, so I'm willing to go into any field! Because whatever I do not know or understand I will learn it!
Since you took the time to read all about me, lets get in touch! Hiker? Company Recruiter? Just want to say hi? Send me an email or connect with me to get in touch. Hope to hear from you soon!


Regular Expressions
May 29, 2015
Today, lets talk about regular expressions. Please note that I don't have any experience using these (although I'm sure I'll have a lot in the future), so let me know if there are some things I should clear up!
Regular expressions allow users to efficiently find patterns in large sets of data. It can be used in a variety of languages, such as JavaScript, Ruby, Python, C++, and loads of others.
In order to use regular expressions, you need to construct the pattern you'll be searching for. While you could simply search for the string "where is my tie" and get results, imagine if you wanted to include some variations! That's where you need to know some of the operations in regular expressions.
One handy operation is the "or" operation. You can signify that with a vertical line. So now we can change our search to "where is my (tie|tye)" to include that possible spelling error.
Another operation is the ?, which additionally searches for the same string but without the character before the ?. For example, if we sometimes spelled "where" without the last "e", we could search for "where? is my (tie|tye)" to compensate for that. If we sometimes hold down the "s" key for too long, we could also search for "where? is+ my (tie|tye)" which would allow for one or more repeats of the character before the +.
These are just a few ways that we can creatively construct a search string using regular expressions. I'm excited to begin using this when the on campus section of Dev Bootcamp begins!


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