Patching
Prefix
A prefix is a method that is executed before the original method. It is commonly used to:
- access and edit the arguments of the original method
- set the result of the original method
- skip the original method and prefixes that alter its input/result
- set custom state that can be recalled in the postfix
The first prefix that returns false will skip all remaining prefixes unless they have no side effects (no return value, no ref arguments) and will skip the original too. Postfixes and Finalizers are not affected.
Reading and changing arguments
public class OriginalCode
{
public void Test(int counter, string name)
{
// ...
}
}
[HarmonyPatch(typeof(OriginalCode), nameof(OriginalCode.Test))]
class Patch
{
static void Prefix(int counter, ref string name)
{
FileLog.Log("counter = " + counter); // read
name = "test"; // write with ref keyword
}
}
Changing the result and skipping the original
To change the result of the original, use __result
as an argument of your prefix. It must match the return type or be assignable from it. Changing the result of the original does not make sense if you let the original run so skipping the original is necessary too.
To stop executing prefixes and skip the original, let the prefix return a bool that returns false. To let the original run after all prefixes, return a bool that returns true.
It is not recommended to skip the original unless you want to completely change the way it works. If you only want a small change or a side effect, using a postfix or a transpiler is always preferred since it allows for multiple users changing the original without each implementation fighting over how the original should behave.
public class OriginalCode
{
public string GetName()
{
return name; // ...
}
}
[HarmonyPatch(typeof(OriginalCode), nameof(OriginalCode.GetName))]
class Patch
{
static bool Prefix(ref string __result)
{
__result = "test";
return true; // make sure you only skip if really necessary
}
}
Here is another example showing the diference between what the original method returns and what the Prefix returns. it illustrate that the boolean return value of the Prefix only determines if the original gets executed or not.
public class OriginalCode
{
public bool IsFullAfterTakingIn(int i)
{
return DoSomeExpensiveCalculation() > i;
}
}
[HarmonyPatch(typeof(OriginalCode), nameof(OriginalCode.IsFullAfterTakingIn))]
class Patch
{
static bool Prefix(ref bool __result, int i)
{
if (i > 5)
{
__result = true; // any call to IsFullAfterTakingIn(i) where i > 5 now immediately returns true
return false; // skips the original and its expensive calculations
}
return true; // make sure you only skip if really necessary
}
}
Passing state between prefix and postfix
If you want to share state between your prefix and the corresponding postfix, you can use __state
(with the ref
or out
keyword). If you need more than one value you can create your own type and pass it instead.
This only works if Prefix and Postfix are defined in the same class since Harmony internally uses the declaring type as a key to store the information.
public class OriginalCode
{
public void Test(int counter, string name)
{
// ...
}
}
[HarmonyPatch(typeof(OriginalCode), nameof(OriginalCode.Test))]
class Patch
{
// this example uses a Stopwatch type to measure
// and share state between prefix and postfix
static void Prefix(out Stopwatch __state)
{
__state = new Stopwatch(); // assign your own state
__state.Start();
}
static void Postfix(Stopwatch __state)
{
__state.Stop();
FileLog.Log(__state.Elapsed.ToString());
}
}


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source
code documentation
des.h File Reference
Detailed Description
Header of DES and 3DES cipher.
- Author:
- Niklaus Schild<EMAIL_ADDRESS>This document is part of embedded IPsec
Copyright (c) 2003 Niklaus Schild and Christian Scheurer, HTI Biel/Bienne
All rights reserved.
This file contains code from the OpenSSL Project
portions Copyright (c) 1998-2003 OpenSSL (www.openssl.org)
Definition in file des.h.
#include "ipsec/types.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
Define Documentation
|
|
defines decryption for the des function
Definition at line 69 of file des.h. |
|
|
defines encryption for the des function
Definition at line 68 of file des.h. |
|
|
Definition at line 54 of file des.h. |
Typedef Documentation
|
|
Definition at line 57 of file des.h. |
|
|
Definition at line 56 of file des.h. |
Function Documentation
| void cipher_3des_cbc |
( |
unsigned char * |
text, |
|
|
int |
text_len, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
key, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
iv, |
|
|
int |
mode, |
|
|
unsigned char * |
output |
|
) |
|
|
|
|
3DES-CBC function calculates a digest from a given data buffer and a given key.
- Parameters:
-
| text | pointer to input data |
| text_len | length of input data |
| key | pointer to encryption key (192 bits) |
| iv | initialization vector |
| mode | defines whether encryption or decryption should be performed |
| output | en- or decrypted input data |
- Returns:
- void
Definition at line 1067 of file des.c. |
|


Scream Grid Instructions
Drag Items to the horizontal and/or vertical containers
Select a value
Press the refresh button


Attack on Syria's Idlib kills at least 15 at displaced persons camp: civil defense
BEIRUT (Reuters) - An attack by Syrian government forces on the rebel-held area of Idlib in northwestern Syria killed at least 15 and wounded several at a displaced persons camp on Wednesday, rescue workers said.
Syria’s northwest corner, including the Idlib region, is the last major chunk of territory still in rebel hands after more than eight years of war.
Ground-to-ground missiles fired from the countryside of Aleppo struck the camp at Kah, a town north of Idlib near the border with Turkey, setting tents ablaze according to the White Helmets, a rescue group known officially as the Syrian civil defense.
The British-based Syrian Observatory for Human Rights said pro-government artillery shelling also hit a maternity hospital in Kah. The Syrian American Medical Society said staff at the hospital were wounded and the hospital damaged.
Russia, which supports Syrian President Bashar al-Assad in his country’s civil war, and Turkey, long a backer of rebels, co-sponsored a de-escalation agreement for the area earlier this year that has since faltered.
The region is home to hundreds of thousands of people who fled other parts of Syria as government forces advanced through the country since Moscow joined the war on the side of Assad in 2015, tipping the conflict in his favor.


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[gecode-users] question about counting constraint
Guido Tack
tack at ps.uni-sb.de
Sun Nov 29 15:39:52 CET 2009
Hi Alberto,
that was a bug in the global count posting functions. The values array (and thus the corresponding array of occurrence variables) had to be sorted. I fixed this in the trunk to accept unsorted arrays, and it will be part of the upcoming 3.2.2 release.
Cheers,
Guido
Alberto Delgado wrote:
> Hi all,
>
> Let's say i have an IntVarArray vars, an integer value b and an
> IntVar car. According to the documentation, if i post the
> constraint: count(*this,vars,b,IRT_EQ,car), the variable car will
> represent the number of occurrences of b in vars.
>
> Now, instead of b being an integer value let's assume it's an IntArgs
> with all the elements of the domain of variables from vars, and that
> car is now an IntVarArray that will represent the number of
> occurrences of all values from b in vars. I wanted to constrain the
> occurrences of each value from b in vars according to car, so i
> implemented a for loop and posted a count constraint for each value in
> b and variable in car: count(*this,vars,b[i],IRT_EQ,car[i]).
>
> Then I realized that it is possible to use just one count constraint:
> count(*this,vars,car,b), that should be equivalent to posting a count
> constraint for each value in b.
>
> Attached to this email there is an example that reflects what i
> described above. When i run the example with line 64 uncommented and
> line 67 commented, this is using a loop to post a count constraint
> for each value in b, the solver finds a solution without failing at
> all. If i comment line 64 and uncomment line 67, posting just one
> count constraint, the solver fails right away.
>
> Did i get wrong the definition of count(*this,vars,car,b) and it is
> not equivalent to post a constraint for each value in b?
>
> Thanks in advance,
>
> Alberto
> <test.cc>_______________________________________________
> Gecode users mailing list
> users at gecode.org
> https://www.gecode.org/mailman/listinfo/gecode-users
More information about the users
mailing list


| Applies to new Java classes that are created by invoking
New | Java Class | Class in the Project tool window. This built-in template is editable. Along with Java expressions and comments, you can also use the predefined variables (listed below) that will then be expanded like macros into corresponding values. It is also possible to specify custom variables. Custom variables use the following format: ${VARIABLE_NAME}, where VARIABLE_NAME is a name for your variable (for example, ${MY_CUSTOM_FUNCTION_NAME}). Before the IDE creates a new file with custom variables, you see a dialog where you can define values for custom variables in the template. By using the #parse directive, you can include templates from the Includes tab. To include a template, specify the full name of the template as a parameter in quotation marks (for example, #parse("File Header.java"). |
| Predefined variables take the following values: | ||
| Name of the package in which a new class is created | ||
| Name of the new class specified by you in the Create New Class dialog | ||
| System login name of the current user | ||
| Current system date | ||
| Current system time | ||
| Current year | ||
| Current month | ||
| First 3 letters of the current month name (Jan, Feb, and so on) | ||
| Full name of the current month (January, February, and so on) | ||
| Current day of the month | ||
| Current hour | ||
| Current minute | ||
| Name of the current project |


Apache 'Kafka' is an open-source message broker project developed by the Apache Software Foundation which can be thought of as a distributed, partitioned, replicated commit log service.At a high level, producers send messages over the network to the 'Kafka' cluster which in turn serves them up to consumers.See <http://kafka.apache.org/> for more information.Functions included in this package enable:1.Creating 'Kafka' producer 2.Writing messages to a topic 3.Closing 'Kafka' producer 4.Creating 'Kafka' consumer 5.Reading messages from a topic 6.Closing 'Kafka' consumer. The jars required for this package are included in a separate package 'rkafkajars'.
| Version: | 1.1 |
| Depends: | rJava, RUnit, rkafkajars |
| Published: | 2017-06-28 |
| Author: | Shruti Gupta[aut,cre] |
| Maintainer: | Shruti Gupta <shrutigupta34 at gmail.com> |
| License: | Apache License 2.0 | file LICENSE |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| SystemRequirements: | Oracle Java 7,Apache Kafka 2.8.0-<IP_ADDRESS> |
| CRAN checks: | rkafka results |
| Reference manual: | rkafka.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
rkafka |
| Package source: | rkafka_1.1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: rkafka_1.1.zip, r-release: rkafka_1.1.zip, r-oldrel: rkafka_1.1.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: rkafka_1.1.tgz, r-oldrel: rkafka_1.1.tgz |
| Old sources: | rkafka archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=rkafka to link to this page.


Match Play. Red trails 0-2 to 4. How should Red play 11?
pips Red=79 White=53
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
Playing on automatic you would probably play 10/6.
However, the concept of reversing a prime is not known to everybody so I thought I would include this position that occurred in a session with one of my students.
The correct move is 10/8, 7/6, 2/1* giving White four numbers (13, 23, 14, 24) that expose a second blot and increasing Red’s gammon chances.
Now you have seen it you can employ the tactic in similar situations! Any move other than 10/8, 7/6, 2/1* is at least a bad error and 10/9, 8/5 falls into blunder territory.
However, the concept of reversing a prime is not known to everybody so I thought I would include this position that occurred in a session with one of my students.
The correct move is 10/8, 7/6, 2/1* giving White four numbers (13, 23, 14, 24) that expose a second blot and increasing Red’s gammon chances.
Now you have seen it you can employ the tactic in similar situations! Any move other than 10/8, 7/6, 2/1* is at least a bad error and 10/9, 8/5 falls into blunder territory.
1. Cubeful 2-ply 10/8 7/6 2/1* Eq.: +1.017 0.933 0.114 0.002 - 0.067 0.004 0.000 2. Cubeful 2-ply 8/5 7/6 Eq.: +0.963 (-0.054) 0.944 0.061 0.000 - 0.056 0.000 0.000 3. Cubeful 2-ply 10/9 8/5 Eq.: +0.955 (-0.062) 0.942 0.059 0.000 - 0.058 0.000 0.000 4. Cubeful 2-ply 10/6 Eq.: +0.951 (-0.066) 0.939 0.060 0.000 - 0.061 0.001 0.000 5. Cubeful 2-ply 10/9 8/6 7/6 Eq.: +0.949 (-0.068) 0.942 0.055 0.000 - 0.058 0.001 0.000


Suppose you want to perform 5 actions on the given web page using a voice interface
(such as Siri and Alexa). For each action:
Click Highlight Element and then click on the element (textbox, button, etc.)
on the web page that the action acts on.
Write down a command you would say to the voice interface.
Examples
highlight the Search button → "click submit"
highlight the textbox under the "To:" label → "enter LAX into the destination field"
highlight the article title → "click on the first article" or "go to the article by trever"
highlight the textbox near the magnifying glass icon → "in the search box, type jacket"
Guidelines
When writing the commands, imagine that you need to do the task without clearly seeing the texts on the web page.
As such, try to avoid the exact words that appear on the web page (unless they are the only sensible words, such as "password").
We give $0.02 bonus for each command that does not use the exact words from the element.
However, be specific enough that the voice interface can guess the single right target.
Try to vary the sentence structures.
Rejection:
We manually review the submissions and will reject works that are repetitive (e.g., automatically generated from a template),
nonsensical (e.g., random words), or incomplete.
Preview Mode. Please accept the HIT to start working.


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RADIOLAND MURDERS and LOVE AFFAIR A film review by Jeff Pidgeon Copyright 1994 Jeff Pidgeon
RADIOLAND MURDERS is the only film I've ever walked out of and asked for my money back. I only paid four bucks to begin with, so this strikes me as a serious failure. The high concept review would be, "1941 meets RADIO DAYS". The twenty minutes that I saw proceeded to dump a truckload of characters on me, none of whom I cared about. They all began running around in circles as fast as possible, usually hitting each other in the face as they went through doors again and again. It seems that this is the opening night of a fledgling radio station that's going national, and surprisingly nothing's going right on the night of the big debut. I only made it to one of the murders before I left, and the killer broke into the broadcast twice, presumably to let the live audience(?) know that he/she was going to kill someone else soon. I couldn't understand what the voice said in any event.  The only ones to be seen were Harvey Korman and fat-to-the-point-of-unrecognizable Bobcat G. Why go on--this is a mess of the first order, the worst I've seen this year.
LOVE AFFAIR is an outsized disappointment, an inflated remake of AN AFFAIR TO REMEMBER the weepie all-but-advertised in SLEEPLESS IN SEATTLE. Beatty seems uninterested in playing anybody but himself these days (or at least a media-hounded celeb), which automatically puts the film out of the range of experience of most people. Annette Bening fares better, but she also suffers from the Michelle-Feiffer-as-waitress-believability-syndrome. The verbal swordplay setup is sprinkled with romantic jazz standards, and you wind up feeling a little like you're in a Woody Allen film. There aren't many sparks flying (much less heat) until they visit Beatty's aunt (a decent cameo by Katherine Hepburn), and the combination of the gorgeous island scenery and Kate's salty charm start winning Annette over (Beatty seems to have little to do with it). They're on an island in the first place because their plane had to make an emergency landing, so the two of them transferred to a beautiful ocean liner (man, the hassles that rich people have to put up with), and they boated to the island from the liner to see how Kate was doing. Everything in the film is like this ... it's as if love is impossible if it isn't in the most stunning backdrop imaginable. When Beatty loses Annette and goes to a charity show with his ex-lover, Ray Charles is playing. There are sweet moments, but most of them are throttled by this incessant upscaling. About the time of the island visit, the pop ballads shut off (like someone turning a tap), and Morricone's score takes over. What limited emotional effect the film had, I credit the instrumental score for at least half, if not more. Morricone's score is sweet and sad, and does more for the film than a score should have to. A leftover from the original plot--Annette's unwilling ness to reveal her injury--seems odd and unmotivated. It does make for some nice say-the-opposite-of-what-you-mean dialogue from Robert Towne, though. Garry Shandling gets all the laughs, and the photography/art direction are fine, but overall it's pretty forgettable. Still, more than one member of the crowd I was with broke down and wept, so what do I know? Not Recommended.
-- - Jeff Pidgeon
.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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nips nips2000 nips2000-21 nips2000-21-reference knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
Source: pdf
Author: Olivier Bousquet, Andr茅 Elisseeff
Abstract: We present a novel way of obtaining PAC-style bounds on the generalization error of learning algorithms, explicitly using their stability properties. A stable learner is one for which the learned solution does not change much with small changes in the training set. The bounds we obtain do not depend on any measure of the complexity of the hypothesis space (e.g. VC dimension) but rather depend on how the learning algorithm searches this space, and can thus be applied even when the VC dimension is infinite. We demonstrate that regularization networks possess the required stability property and apply our method to obtain new bounds on their generalization performance. 1


3905 Beverly Dr.
Dallas, TX 75205
(817) 709-3673
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| Item Name | Item Price |
|---|---|
| Kitchen | $10,000 |
| Master Bath | $7,000 |
| Front Door | $2,000 |
| Item Name | Timeline |
|---|---|
| Kitchen | 4 Weeks |
| Master Bath | 2 Weeks |
| Front Door | 3 Days |
Commenting function will go here if we can figure it out.


@*
* This template is called from the `index` template. This template
* handles the rendering of the page header and body tags. It takes
* two arguments, a `String` for the title of the page and an `Html`
* object to insert into the body of the page.
*@
@(title: String)(content: Html)(implicit webJarAssets: WebJarAssets, request: Request[_], m : play.api.i18n.Messages)
@* Here's where we render the page title `String`. *@
@title


Add yourself to this room
Full name:
Year:
Admin
Rising Senior
Rising Junior
Rising Sophomore
Priority number:


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: "
As Opening Day looms, it's becoming more and more clear that those of us outside of WCIU's broadcast area, yet defined as the "Chicago-area Market" according to Major League Baseball and ESPN will not be able to watch this telecast. This includes major portions of Illinois, Iowa, Indiana and Wisconsin. We are located in the Quad Cities, which is on the border of Illinois and Iowa, about 2.5 hours from Chicago and we fall into this no-man's land when it comes to WCIU broadcasts. I posted about this when it was announced that Opening Day would be covered by WCIU and ESPN.
The most frustrating thing about this whole situation is that because Opening Day falls the day after Easter, it would be the first Opening Day game that I can remember that I'd be able to watch live. Well, it appears that the only way for me to watch this game is finding some pirate feed on the internet. We'll see if last year's links work for that. If you are in a similar situation and would like to find out how to watch this on the internet, e-mail me<EMAIL_ADDRESS>. If this doesn't work and I'm relegated to listening to the broadcast on the radio, I expect to be frantic and by the third inning, I will have angrily called DirecTV, Mediacom Cable, ESPN, Major League Baseball and the Cubs front office. The idea that a fan that is able to watch the nearly every game of a Cubs season is kept from watching Opening Day because of money and bureaucracy is quite deflating.
So here's a quick run-down of proof that we won't be able to watch this game:
* As I mentioned, the game is broadcast on WCIU with national coverage by ESPN.
* According to ESPN, the game will be broadcast on WCIU and CSN Chicago. So ESPN is blacking out the game in areas that fall in the broadcast areas of these two networks. Here's is what ESPN told me through e-mail:
I am sorry you can not receive the Cubs opening day broadcast in
your area.Please contact your local cable provider to see if they
can provide coverage for you.During the Major League Baseball season, ESPN is obligated to
occasionally provide alternate programming in some markets due to
local/regional coverage.On Opening Day, ESPN must provide alternate programming in each
team market during its MLB telecast window. Following are the
regional sports networks which will televise the game(s)in your
area:Chicago Cubs (CSNC or WCIU)
These markets will receive ESPNEWS during the local MLB
telecast window.
* DirecTV's website verifies that the game will be blacked out on ESPN and they will flip over to ESPN News.
* I called Mediacom Cable and they said that the game will be blacked out on ESPN and they will not be able to put the Cubs vs. Braves broadcast on any other channel.
So that's it. The game will not be televised in an area where probably 80% of baseball fans are Cubs fans. Well done, MLB and ESPN.


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31 Jan 2015

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31 Jan 2015

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31 Jan 2015

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31 Jan 2015

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Closures in Java
23 Jan 2015


Welcome to docker_data_processing_assign’s documentation!¶
app_package.app module¶
app module maintains the initiation of flask application and data ingestion and cleansing process
Author: Srinivas Rao Cheeti email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Date: Feb 2, 2019
-
app_package.app.
get_entire_data_for_a_market
(marketplace)[source]¶ This function is used to request entire data for a market place.
Parameters: marketplace – This field is the country abbreviation. Returns: Returns a JSON response with all the columns data for the matching marketplace.
-
app_package.app.
get_market_place_review_id_data
(marketplace, review_id)[source]¶ Gets market place review data for a specific markets (country) review_id.
Parameters: - marketplace – This field is the country abbreviation.
- review_id – This field is the review id that is being looked on.
Returns:
-
app_package.app.
get_object_data_based_on_its_value
(obj, keyword)[source]¶ :param The data object from the path parameters of the API call. :param keyword: The keyword to search from the query parameter of the API call. :return:
-
app_package.app.
get_total_count_of_reviews
()[source]¶ This function performs a check on count of the number of rows in the data object.
Returns: Count of the number of reviews in the data object.
app_package.app_dal module¶
app_dal module is used as a data access layer.
Author: Srinivas Rao Cheeti email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Date: Feb 2, 2019
app_package.app_worker module¶
app_worker module is used to maintain business logic required for processing each of the request
Author: Srinivas Rao Cheeti email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Date: Feb 2, 2019
-
class
app_package.app_worker.
AppWorker
(file_size, level)[source]¶ Bases:
object
-
get_entire_data_for_a_market
(marketdata, marketplace, limit=None)[source]¶ Parameters: - marketdata – The data object on which the query to fetch data is performed.
- marketplace – The country on which the filter is to be applied.
- limit – Limit query parameter sets the limit on the number of records to fetch.
Returns: JSON data of the specific request.
-
get_entire_data_from_dataframe
(marketdata, limit=None)[source]¶ Parameters: - marketdata – The data object on which the query to fetch data is performed.
- limit – Limit query parameter sets the limit on the number of records to fetch.
Returns: JSON data of the specific request.
-
get_market_place_review_id_data
(marketdata, marketplace, reviewid)[source]¶ GET market place data for a specific review.
Parameters: - marketdata – The data object on which the query to fetch data is performed.
- marketplace – The country on which the filter is to be applied.
- reviewid – The review id of the revies for which the data is requested
Returns: JSON data of the specific request.
-
get_object_data_with_keyword
(marketdata, object_to_ckeck, keyword)[source]¶ This method is used to check on a column and apply filter on the string content.
Parameters: - marketdata – The data object on which the query to fetch data is performed.
- object_to_ckeck – Column/Object name to check.
- keyword – Object keys string to filter on.
Returns: JSON data of the specific request.
-
get_pandas_dataframe
()[source]¶ This function loads the ingetsed dataset and cleanses amnd structures the data and generates a dataframe.
Returns: dataframe of the entire cleansed data which was processed from the ingested dataset usign pandas.
-


Risk characterization and Policy Recommendations Regarding the Diesel Exhaust and PM2.5 in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Area
Background
- Vehicle emissions are the greatest source of Beijing’s air pollution. According to Chai, an officer of Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, more than 5 million vehicles are registered in Beijing, and the number keeps increasing.
- Diesel fumes, commonly known as diesel engine exhaust emissions, are a complex mixture of hundreds of constituents in forms of gas, vapor and fine particular matter. The health effects could be acute and long-term. An acute exposure could lead to irritation of eyes, nose and lung. Many health effects have association with diesel exhaust exposure, containing immunologic, respiratory, and cardiovascular effects. Some studies show the correlation between inhalation of diesel fumes and lung cancer in long term. Diesel play an important role in modern society and economy development. In transportation, trucks and lorries utilize diesel and majority of the rivers barges, freight trains and ocean-going ships are also powered by diesel. Diesel-power machine is widely used in mining, farming and electronic industry.
Characterization of the Risk
Hazard identification
- Diesel exhaust is the major resource of particulate matter. Particulate matter (PM) air pollution contributes to cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Many studies have found that exposure to PM increase premature death from lung disease. PM2.5 is also known to trigger or worsen chronic disease such as asthma, heart attack, bronchitis and other respiratory problems. Jiřík et al found the incidence of pulmonary disease and bronchial asthma in PM2.5 highly-density area is higher than general population. Cox et al confirmed the positive association between stroke and heart attack risk with PM2.5 by investigating self-reported risk in a large data set.
Exposure assessment
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The major route of exposure is inhalation of DE. A male who exposure to 5 μg/m3 of elemental carbon for 45 years, beginning at age 20 and ending at age 65, would has a lifetime excess risk of lung cancer of 1.6%.
-
As diesel exhaust is “highly complex mixture”, scientist always use surrogate to measure the level of exposure. Carbon could be selected as an exposure surrogate, since more than 80% diesel particle matter are carbon. However, carbon in the organic fraction(OC)also exist in other source of pollution such as smoking. So OC is not an ideal selection for surrogate. In contrast, elemental carbon(EC), which refers to carbon in the soot particle core, exist little in cigarette and wood smokes. What’s more, gasoline emission contains far more less EC than diesel. 16 So elemental carbon is an ideal surrogate to measure particulate fraction in diesel exhaust.
This picture shows the Real-time Air Quality Index of Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region at 18:00 February 23rd 2017. (Source: http://aqicn.org/city/beijing/us-embassy/)
Dose response
- A plethora of studies suggest the dose relationship between DE exposure and lung diseases. Ishihara et al suggest a dose response relationship in regard to duration and concentration of exposure. Larcombe et al argue that the route of exposure affects the dose-relationship, inhalation generally displaying more realistic dose-response relationships than intranasal instillation, which shows little influence of dose. However these are animal experimental studies. The quantitative dose-response estimates could not be developed due to lack to information.
Applicable regulatory agencies and environmental acts
- The International Council on Clean Transportation
- Low Emission Zone(LEZ) in Germany : A low emission zone is defined area where only allowed vehicle meet low- emission standard to access. Vehicles receive a colorful sticker to show whether they are low-emission. The introduction of low emission zone is effectively speed up the replacement of old high-pollution vehicles. This process of replacement is from 2008 and divided into two phase, so residents could have enough time to retrofit their vehicles or purchase new ones. Qadir et al found the average concentration of EC from traffic factor decreased from 1.1 to 0.5 mg/m3 after the implementation of the LEZ.
- Unite States EPA New England control diesel exhaust : EPA in Unite States set up stringent emission standards for new diesel engines and fuel. EPA also encourages schools, communities to develop anti-idling policy. EPA start a collaboration with the freight industry to reduce emissions, called SmartWay Transport Partnership.
- Unite State EPA collaborates with China: EPA has collaborated with China’s Ministry of Environmental Protection, city-level Environmental Protection Bureau to share experience and strategy in reduction air pollutants. For example, EPA collaborate with Shanghai Environmental Monitoring Center to establish the AirNOW international monitoring system, which is also applicable to Beijing.
Economics Consideration
- The benefit of reducing diesel emission is mainly health benefits. Less particular matter pollution may reduce hospital visiting. This benefit can be measure by monetary value of lessening the health burdens created. For example, cost of illness(COI) could be used to estimate total costs incur due to a disease, including the total cost of medical treatment and loss in productivity.
For more details, please refer to my paper


| Platform | Since |
|---|---|
| iPhone | 3.2.0 |
| iPad | 3.2.0 |
Wrapper to support iOS's NSURLSession class for background downloads.
These APIs are supported on iOS 7 and later.
The URL session module (com.appcelerator.urlSession
) provides the application the ability to
download large content via HTTP while the application is in the background. With this module, you can
URL session events are monitored through the following iOS application-level events:
Titanium.App.iOS.backgroundtransfer
Titanium.App.iOS.downloadprogress
Titanium.App.iOS.downloadcompleted
Titanium.App.iOS.sessioncompleted
Titanium.App.iOS.sessioneventscompleted
These events are monitored as application-level events by using the addEventListener
method with the
Titanium.App.iOS namespace.
For more information on getting started, refer to the iOS Background Services guide.
The name of the API that this proxy corresponds to.
The value of this property is the fully qualified name of the API. For example, Button
returns Ti.UI.Button
.
Applies the properties to the proxy.
Properties are supplied as a dictionary. Each key-value pair in the object is applied to the proxy such that myproxy[key] = value.
Dictionary
A dictionary of properties to apply.
Creates a download task for the specified URL, within the provided session object and saves the results to a file.
Once this function is called, the download starts automatically. The progress of
the download can be monitored by listening to the downloadprogress
, downloadcompleted
,
sessioneventscompleted
and sessioncompleted
events.
URL session object.
URL to download content from.
Creates a session with the specified session configuration.
If the session configuration was created with the identifier of a existing session, then this function would return the pre-existing session.
The session object keeps a strong reference until your app explicitly invalidates the
session. If you do not invalidate the session by calling the invalidateAndCancel
or
finishTasksAndInvalidate
method, your app leaks memory.
Session configuration object created with the Modules.URLSession.createURLSessionBackgroundConfiguration
Creates a preconfigured session configuration object that can be used to create a URL session for performing a background download task.
Arbitrary string used to identify the session in the events.
Invalidates the given session object, allowing any outstanding tasks to finish.
This method returns immediately without waiting for tasks to finish. Once a session is invalidated,
new tasks cannot be created in the session, but existing tasks continue until completion. Once
invalidated, references to the events and callback objects are broken. Session objects cannot be
reused. To cancel all outstanding tasks, call invalidateAndCancel
instead.
URL session object.
Gets the value of the apiName property.
Cancels all outstanding tasks and then invalidates the session object.
Once invalidated, references to the events and callback objects are broken. Session objects cannot
be reused. To allow outstanding tasks to run until completion, call
finishTasksAndInvalidate
instead.
URL session object.


I recently started using Entity Framework in earnest and agree that it is a fantastic tool. Something I found however is that it can have performance issues especially when dealing with bulk data. These are the techniques I discovered that can radically improve the situation so that hopefully EF will be fast enough for most common bulk data operations.
Entity framework is already great when dealing with one or two records at a time, both creating/updating and reading. The examples on Pluralsight and the Microsoft pages illustrate well how to quickly and reliably create apps that would otherwise take longer and be harder to maintain. The problem doesn't manifest until you start trying to operate on larger datasets. This might be because you are importing data, or perhaps processing large numbers of child objects.
I divide the optimisations into two main parts. The first is of benefit mainly when creating new records, and the second when reading existing. The sections below discuss these but you should also bear in mind the points later about real world usage.
All code examples can be found in full on github here.
If you are creating new / updating existing records in bulk then you need to be aware of 'AutoDetectChangesEnabled'.
http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-gb/data/jj556205.aspx
To summarise the above linked page, you can set it to false whilst making changes to your entity objects which postpones all the processing EF will do as you update/create objects. You then have to set it back to true after making your changes and before saving them.
db.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = false; for (int i = 0; i < num; i++) { db.Blogs.Add(new Blog { Name = "blog " + i.ToString() }); } db.Configuration.AutoDetectChangesEnabled = true; db.SaveChanges();
An alternative (when creating new entities) is to create the objects in memory and add them to the context with AddRange.
For the following tests I will be using the blogging app example from the Microsoft 'Data Developer Center'.
The test compares running with 'AutoDetectChangesEnabled' as true, as false, with AddRange and (as a control) with a stored procedure passed a TableValueParameter (as this is the fastest way I know of to create/update bulk records in .Net).
Test 1: Create 10,000 blogs with 1 post each.
Test 2: Create 100 blogs with 100 posts each.
Test 3: Create 1 blog with 10,000 posts.
Test 4: Create 1,000 blogs with 1,000 posts.
All tests were done locally on a desktop PC with a local TSQL database being created new for each run.
The results are as follows.
*I was unable to run test 4 using any method but TVP, it was taking too long (much longer than 30 minutes, quick guess is about 4-8 hours) with normal processing and had out of memory errors with postponed and AddRange methods. For this reason using PostPoned or AddRange methods should be limited to reasonably sized groups of data.
For updating in my tests there seemed to be no difference between postponed and normal change detection, although this might be specific to my situation.
For further discussion on this and additional suggestions see this Stack Overflow thread:
For bulk create operations bigger than a hundred you will want to use Postponed change detection or AddRange as these are orders of magnitude faster than normal processing. If dealing with datasets significantly bigger than 10,000 records you will either need to break up the operation into chunks or fall back to Table Value Parameters passed to stored procedure.
The way you write your code can have significant impacts on performance when performing bulk operations. You have to really think about the data you actually need and write the EF query to only return that. Avoid doing any filtering outside of the query.
The question to ask is, "Am I getting this data because:
In my example a collection of manufacturer Ids are passed into a method. An EF call is made to obtain the manufacturer objects that match the names passed in. A loop then processes these objects to filter those that match some condition based on the state of child objects.
List<manufacturer> manufacturers = db.Manufacturers.Where(m => manufacturersToLookAt.Contains(m.Id)).ToList(); List<string> manufacturersWithSmallLightItems = new List<string>(); foreach (var manufacturer in manufacturers) { if (manufacturer.Items.Any(m => m.MetersCubed < 2 && m.Weight < 5)) { manufacturersWithSmallLightItems.Add(manufacturer.Name); } } return manufacturersWithSmallLightItems;
On each pass of the loop the code is looking at the collection of items connected to the manufacturer. Because EF needs to get this data from SQL this translates to 1 SQL call per loop iteration.
You could prevent this by adding "Items" to the "includes" list,
List<string> manufacturers = db.Manufacturers.Include(i => i.Items).Where(m => manufacturersToLookAt.Contains(m.Id)).ToList();
A much more effective way to accomplish the same thing is to
move the full logic into the EF query.
List<string> manufacturersWithSmallLightItems = db.Manufacturers .Where(m => manufacturersToLookAt.Contains(m.Id) && m.Items.Any(i => i.MetersCubed < 2 && i.Weight < 5)) .Select(m => m.Name) .ToList();
In the tests I am querying 100 manufacturers which results in 98 matching objects.
A total of 6 test results are presented as 2 groups of 3 tests. The first group of tests just cares about the matching manufacturers, the second group return all manufacturers with a calculated result of matching or not. The variations on the test are:
In a production environment you may not have access to the context
object, if for instance the existing architecture has
hidden EF behind a repository layer.
(Which has both pros and cons.)
In addition there may be some relationships in the database that are not
represented in the EF models with virtual properties. In order to still be able
to make efficient use of EF for bulk operations the repository layer will need
to return the EF IQueryable rather than for instance, an IList, and also allow
for specifying 'includes'.
If the repository layer doesn't return the IQueryable object you may need to create specific repository methods in order to get suitable performance.
If your repository layer is returning the IQueryable object,
then you can compose an efficient query by passing one query object into other
query, EF will turn it into a nested subquery which will still be faster than
returning more data than is needed and performing the logic in code.
In the example below 'ItemOrder' does not have a virtual property relationship with 'Item' even though there is a logical connection.
First the 'ItemOrder' query is composed and this is passed into the 'Item' query.
EF will compile this code into a single SQL query and will only return the data needed because the query isn't compiled until needed (in the ToList method).
var orderRepo = new LogisticsRepo<Itemorder>(); var itemRepo = new LogisticsRepo<Item>(); var outstandingOrderItemIds = orderRepo.GetQueryable(o => !o.DeliveredDate.HasValue).Select(o => o.ItemId); var manus = itemRepo.GetQueryable(i => outstandingOrderItemIds.Contains(i.Id)) .Select(i => i.Manufacturer.Name) .Distinct() .ToList();
Sam Price
Unless otherwise specified all code in this post is made available under the MIT license. Copyright 2015 Creou Limited.


Welcome to the Robbinsville Hackathon Club
We're a group of students who compete in Hackathons. In addition, we will be completing a communal project, working on CTFs and showcasing personal projects. We're all here to have a good time after school.
Most questions can be answered in the FAQ page. If you need to ask a targeted question, or a question that wasn't answered in the FAQ, you can contact any one of the admins.
Google Classroom Code: i2taxqb
Keep up to date with club news


This file must be served via HTTP to support the use of textures.
Please host this content via a web server of some kind and try again.
Oh dang, something went wrong while trying to render the scene.
Exception:


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Search to find out the cost of a procedure in your surrounding neighborhood. This data comes from the bills of patients like you as well as publically available Medicare data.
Search to find out the cost of a procedure in your surrounding neighborhood. This data comes from the bills of patients like you as well as publically available Medicare data.
This project relies on the help of patients like you sharing their billing data after a procedure.
We ask that your name, address, and other identifiers be removed to ensure the privacy of your contribution.
This site is an initiative of Code Carrots.


--- title: Chris March 2016 Playlist author: Chris short: The March double header features two playlists! One chill instrumental and one featuring jazzy hip hop artists you may or may not know about. category: plus comments: true published: true image: /images/chris_mar_2016_playlist.jpg ---
I've been in a pretty chill mood recently so these playlists have served me well. When you're just looking for some background music to go along with your day whether you're on your commute, getting some work done, having some wine, or washing the dishes, the first playlist should fit the bill. If you're looking for something that's still chill but a little more heady with some vocals, check out the bonus playlist and let me know how you like it.
My monthly playlists are living playlists so I will continually update them throughout the month with new songs that fit my fancy. You can also check out all of my older playlists on Soundcloud as well.
Stay nerdy mah friends.


--- layout: post title: "Top Ed-Tech Trends of 2015?" date: 2015-09-09 08:35:00 +0000 tags: image: https://s3.amazonaws.com/audreywatters/known_copy_fragments.jpg imagecredits: https://www.flickr.com/photos/cogdog/15223631110/ ---
This post first appeared on aud.life
A couple more thoughts on the "top ed-tech trends" that I'm jotting down here (because where else):


We use the S&P500 ETF as the underlying. In January, the algorithm buys SPY and hold until the end of January. At the end of January, we calculate the January return, if the return is greater than zero, the algorithm will continue to hold the SPY. If the January return is negative instead, the algorithm will liquidate the SPY asset and invest in the treasury bill for the rest of the year. The portfolio is rebalanced every year in January.
def Rebalance(self): if self.Time.month == 1: self.Liquidate("BIL") self.SetHoldings("SPY", 1) self.startPrice = self.Securities["SPY"].Price if self.Time.month == 2 and self.startPrice is not None: returns = (self.Securities["SPY"].Price - self.startPrice)/self.startPrice if returns > 0: self.SetHoldings("SPY", 1) else: self.Liquidate("SPY") self.SetHoldings("BIL", 1)