Source code for sklearn.feature_selection.variance_threshold
# Author: Lars Buitinck
# License: 3-clause BSD
import numpy as np
from ..base import BaseEstimator
from .base import SelectorMixin
from ..utils import check_array
from ..utils.sparsefuncs import mean_variance_axis
from ..utils.validation import check_is_fitted
class VarianceThreshold(BaseEstimator, SelectorMixin):
"""Feature selector that removes all low-variance features.
This feature selection algorithm looks only at the features (X), not the
desired outputs (y), and can thus be used for unsupervised learning.
Read more in the :ref:`User Guide <variance_threshold>`.
Parameters
----------
threshold : float, optional
Features with a training-set variance lower than this threshold will
be removed. The default is to keep all features with non-zero variance,
i.e. remove the features that have the same value in all samples.
Attributes
----------
variances_ : array, shape (n_features,)
Variances of individual features.
Examples
--------
The following dataset has integer features, two of which are the same
in every sample. These are removed with the default setting for threshold::
>>> X = [[0, 2, 0, 3], [0, 1, 4, 3], [0, 1, 1, 3]]
>>> selector = VarianceThreshold()
>>> selector.fit_transform(X)
array([[2, 0],
[1, 4],
[1, 1]])
"""
def __init__(self, threshold=0.):
self.threshold = threshold
[docs] def fit(self, X, y=None):
"""Learn empirical variances from X.
Parameters
----------
X : {array-like, sparse matrix}, shape (n_samples, n_features)
Sample vectors from which to compute variances.
y : any
Ignored. This parameter exists only for compatibility with
sklearn.pipeline.Pipeline.
Returns
-------
self
"""
X = check_array(X, ('csr', 'csc'), dtype=np.float64)
if hasattr(X, "toarray"): # sparse matrix
_, self.variances_ = mean_variance_axis(X, axis=0)
else:
self.variances_ = np.var(X, axis=0)
if np.all(self.variances_ <= self.threshold):
msg = "No feature in X meets the variance threshold {0:.5f}"
if X.shape[0] == 1:
msg += " (X contains only one sample)"
raise ValueError(msg.format(self.threshold))
return self
def _get_support_mask(self):
check_is_fitted(self, 'variances_')
return self.variances_ > self.threshold


There are two primary assembly code syntax types on x86 processors: Intel and AT&T. Both work well.
Internal function calls make for interesting targets as the code is completely developed by the programmer (as opposed to using an external function call to a sared library)


17 December 1999
Disease Outbreak Reported
On 17 December, the French collaborative study group for CJD1 confirmed (by cerebral biopsy) a new case of nvCJD in France. The patient, who is still alive, is a female aged 36; she has never been to the United Kingdom. The total number of cases of nvCJD in France is now 2 confirmed cases.
The worldwide total is now 50 cases, of which there has been a total of 46 confirmed cases, plus 2 probable cases, in the United Kingdom.
1 Epidémio-surveillance des encéphalopathies spongiformes humaines, Paris, France.


---
layout: post
title: beautiful exploded mechanical diagram in the
date: '2014-01-08T21:50:29-08:00'
tags:
- marantz
- audio
- frombrett
tumblr_url: http://beekley.xyz/post/72742799488/beautiful-exploded-mechanical-diagram-in-the
---
Beautiful exploded mechanical diagram in the Marantz 2235b service manual.
PS: the $20 garage sale find works! Definitely still in the “needs love” category of “working”.


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C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD R/SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION NO. 17182 of 2016 FOR APPROVAL AND SIGNATURE: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA ==========================================================
1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ?
2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law
as to the interpretation of the Constitution of India or any order made thereunder ?
========================================================== AIR LIQUIDE INDIA HOLDING PRIVATE LIMITED Versus STATE OF GUJARAT & 3 other(s) ========================================================== Appearance:
MR MIHIR JOSHI FOR NANAVATI ASSOCIATES(1375) for the Petitioner(s) No. 1 MR SOAHAM, JOSHI, AGP for the Respondent(s) No. 1 MR DIPAK R DAVE(1232) for the Respondent(s) No. 4 NOTICE SERVED(4) for the Respondent(s) No. 1,2,3 ========================================================== CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE BHARGAV D. KARIA Date : 10/01/2020 CAV JUDGMENT
1. The petitioner has filed this petition under Articles 14, 226 and 227 of the Constitution of India with the following Page 1 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT prayers :
"(A) This Hon'ble Court be pleased to issue a Writ of Certiorari and/or a writ in the nature of certiorari or any other appropriate writ, order or direction quashing and setting aside the impugned order dated 21st July, 2016, passed by Collector of Electricity Duty, Gandhinagar.
(B) This Hon'ble Court be pleased to issue a Writ of Mandamus and/or a writ in the nature of Mandamus or any other appropriate writ, order or direction thereby directing the respondent no.4 to refund the amount of Electricity Duty paid by the petitioner for the period of exemption on industrial consumption of energy under the Gujarat Electricity Duty Act, 1958 with added interest thereon at prevailing bank rate, payable from the date of payment of electricity duty by the petitioner till the date of repayment/fund of the same to the petitioner by the respondents.
(C) Pending admission, hearing and final disposal of the present petition, this Hon'ble Court be pleased to stay the effect, operation and implementation of the Order dated 21st July, 2016 passed by Collector of Electricity Duty, Gandhinagar in the interest of justice.
(D) Pending admission, hearing and final disposal of the present petition, this Hon'ble Court be pleased to restrain the respondents, their officers, agents or authorized representatives from initiating and/or coercive recovery of electricity duty from the petitioner under the Gujarat Electricity Duty Act, 1958 (E) Exparte ad interim relief as sought in terms of prayer (C) and (D) above.
(F) Such further relief(s) as deemed fit may be granted to the petitioner.
(G) Cost of the petition be awarded to the petitioner."
2. The petitioner has challenged the impugned order dated Page 2 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT 21st July, 2016 passed by respondent no.2Collector of Electricity Duty, Gandhinagar whereby exemption from payment of electricity duty under the Gujarat Electricity Duty Act, 1958 (hereinafter referred to as "the Act") to the petitioner has been denied.
3. Brief facts of the case are that the petitioner is a company incorporated under the provisions of the Companies Act 1956 and a wholly owned subsidiary of Air Liquide International, a French company and a world leader in extraction, production and supply of gases for industry, health and environment purposes with world wide presence.
3.1) The petitioner was earlier engaged in providing facilitation for manufacturing of nitrogen gas in the State of Gujarat and had been undertaking its business activities on site at the premises of Gujarat Guardian Limited at Ankleshwar and E.I. DuPont at Savli under an agreement on a build, own operate and maintain basis since 1996. As per the terms of agreement between the parties, the manufacturing plant was set up on the land acquired by the respective companies with whom the agreement is entered into and all infrastructure and other resources including supply of power was made by such companies at their costs and all dues thereof were also paid by them. Moreover, all the requisite registrations/permissions for installation of plant and machineries, including the permission for electricity connection from respondent no.4 Dakshin Gujarat Vij Company were also taken by the said companies for their respective premises. The petitioner was Page 3 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT entitled to monthly service fees only and entire production of nitrogen gas was consumed by such companies.
3.2) It is the case of the petitioner that as per the contractual understanding between the parties, the petitioner availed registration as a "manufacturer supplier of the industrial gases" under the provisions of the Central Excise Act, 1944, as the petitioner was obligated to raise symbolic invoices for such supply of gas that is generated and manufactured at the premises for their own consumption. The electric duty connections were applied by such companies in their own names and consequently electricity duty exemptions under the provisions of the Act, had also been availed and enjoyed by them on account of establishment of industrial units.
3.3) In the year 2009, petitioner decided to establish its own independent industrial undertaking for carrying out various activities like extraction, production and supply of liquid gases such as oxygen, nitrogen, argon etc. at Jhagadia, District Bharuch as a medium scale industry and due sanction was obtained from the Ministry of Industry and Commerce, New Delhi.
3.4) The petitioner was allotted premises by the Gujarat Industrial Development Corporation in the industrial estate at Jhagadia, District Bharuich and the petitioner obtained all other requisite permissions, sanctions and registration for the functioning of its independent unit under various Acts as under :
"a. Registration as a "factory" under the Factories Act, Page 4 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT 1948;
b. No Objection Certificate from Pollution Control Board for setting up the factory;
c. Consent under the Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974;
d. Clearance of Chief Controller of ExplosivesNagpur under Indian Explosive Act, 1884 from the explosive department;
e. Registration under Central Excise Act, 1944 as manufacturer of Industrial gases;
f. Registration under the Gujarat Value Added Tax Act, 2003;
g. Registration under the Central Sales Act, 1956;
h. Approval from weights & measurement department fro Weigh Bridge, flow meters etc."
3.5) It is the case of the petitioner that after receipt of the aforesaid approvals an independent "New Industrial Undertaking" came to be established at Jhagadia, for which fresh capital was introduced by the petitioner to purchase new machinery and equipments and completely new plant with advanced technology was installed. The petitioner had invested approximately Rs. 68 crores for setting up of the independent unit and the industrial production in the said independent unit commenced on 25th November, 2009.
3.6) The petitioner filed an application on 28 th January, 2010 before the respondent no.2 under the prescribed FormE seeking a "Certificate of Eligibility for Exemption of Page 5 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT Electricity Duty" under section 3(2)(vii) of the Act read with Rule 11(1) of the Bombay Electricity Duty (Gujarat) Rules, 1986 ("the Rules" for short) as the independent unit established by the petitioner at Jhagadia was a "New Industrial Undertaking" within the meaning of the Act so as to entitle the petitioner for exemption from payment of duty for the first five years from the date of commencement of commercial production in the independent unit of the petitioner.
3.7) It is the case of the petitioner that petitioner was only engaged in production of nitrogen gas at the premises in Ankleshwar and Savli in the industrial unit of the respective companies, but after setting up its own new undertaking at Jhagadia, petitioner also started to manufacture oxygen gas and as such, it is the case of the petitioner that petitioner not only made fresh investment in plant and machinery but also engaged in the production of a completely new product which was not being manufactured at the industrial units of its clients' companies.
3.8) The petitioner thereafter, supplied various details with regard to the purchase of plants and machineries as well as investment made by the petitioner in its independent new unit at Jhagadia.
3.9) However, respondent no.2 by impugned order dated 18th November, 2010, rejected the application of the petitioner to grant exemption from the electricity duty by considering the independent unit of the petitioner as a new Page 6 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT industrial undertaking within the purview of the Act.
3.10) The petitioner therefore, being aggrieved by the order dated 18th November, 2010 preferred an appeal before respondent no.3appellate authority under the Act. Respondent No.3appellate authority however, by order dated 29th May, 2013 dismissed the appeal filed by the petitioner. The petitioner thereafter preferred, Special Civil Application No.16374/2013 before this Court wherein ad interim relief restraining the respondents from initiating coercive recovery of electricity duty from the petitioner was granted by order dated 25th October, 2013. This Court by judgment and order dated 31st August, 2015 ordered to set aside the order passed by the appellate authority dated 29th May, 2013 on the ground that said order was thoroughly non speaking and unreasoned and remanded the matter back to the original authority respondent no.2 to ascertain certain limited factual aspects. The operative portion of the order dated 31st August, 2015 reads as under :
"24. It would be necessary for the authority to ascertain as to whether the plant and / or machinery previously used at the sites of the clients or part of it have been installed by the petitioner at the Jhagadia unit and/or used for and in the production activity or not and whether, on strength of relevant documents the petitioner has established that (a) the unit at Jhagadia is set up by new plant and machinery; and (b) the plant and machinery at any of the sites of its clients i.e. the plant and machinery previously used in India are not used in setting up the unit at Jhagadia and / or are not used in production process and whether sufficient and cogent and satisfactory documentary evidence to support its said assertion is made available by the petitioner.
Page 7 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT24.1 Thus, for the said purpose, i.e. for ascertaining the factual aspect, the matter is required to be remitted to the original authority who will call for relevant documents and material from the petitioner to ascertain the said factual aspect (if such material is already available on record before him) and if he is satisfied upon verifying the relevant documents and material and after granting opportunity of hearing to the petitioner that the unit at Jhagadia is set up by new plant and machinery and not with the plant and machinery or part of it previously used in India, then, the authority will pass appropriate fresh order in light of the discussion in this decision.
For the said purpose i.e. for remitting the matter to the original authority for determining the aforesaid aspect impugned orders are set aside with the direction to consider and decide the petitioners application afresh having regard to the aspects discussed and decided in present decision and after verifying relevant documents and after hearing the petitioner."
3.11) The petitioner however, preferred Letters Patent Appeal No.1/2016 though the matter was remanded to respondent no.2 for de novo consideration, certain observations were made in the judgment that were indicative in nature and were binding on the original authority. Division Bench in its order dated 6th January, 2016 clarified such aspects and directed that the observations made in the judgment dated 31st August, 2015 would not prejudice the rights of either side and the matter was remanded to respondent no.2 to take an independent view of the matter in accordance with law.
3.12) The petitioner therefore, approached respondent no.2 and filed detailed representation/submissions dated 15th February, 2016 along with all relevant documents in support of its case that the unit established at Jhagadia Page 8 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT was a "New Industrial Undertaking". It was also reiterated by the petitioner that both the plants at the site of Gujarat Guardian Limited and E.I. DuPont were in existence and were operating/functioning and therefore, it was contractually, practically and legally impossible to take out any assets/machinery installed at such units and utilise the same in the new unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia. The petitioner also produced details of investments made in the unit at Jhagadia of about Rs. 68 crores along with relevant purchase orders/invoices for purchase of plant and machinery and certificate of the Chartered Accountant in support there of.
3.13) Respondent No.2 after providing opportunity of hearing to the petitioner on 17th May, 2016 called upon the petitioner to place on record certain other documents to establish that no plant/machinery were transferred from the premises of Gujarat Guardian Limited and E.I. DuPont to the unit of petitioner at Jhagadia even after commencement of commercial production at the unit at Jhagadia in August 2009. The petitioner thereafter, provided requisite details by way of additional representation dated 7th June, 2016 to point out that the petitioner has established its unit at Jhagadia without transfer or utilising any plant or machinery at the aforesaid two companies. Respondent No.2 however, again reiterated its earlier order and rejected the application for grant of exemption from the electricity duty to the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia by impugned order dated 21st July, 2016.
Page 9 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT4. The petitioner therefore, preferred this petition which is admitted by order dated 7th October, 2006 by this Court (Coram : Hon'ble Mr. Justice Rajesh Shukla, as he was then) and granted interim relief on the condition of the petitioner furnishing the bank guarantee of 25% of the principal amount.
5. Heard learned Senior Advocate Mr. Mihir Joshi with learned advocate Mr. Kunal Vays and learned advocate Mr.Keyur Gandhi for the petitioner and learned Assistant Government Pleader Mr. Soaham Joshi for the respondents no. 1 to 3 and learned advocate Mr. Dipak Dave for respondent no.4.
6. Learned Senior Advocate Mr. Mihir Joshi for the petitioner submitted that in Special Civil Application No.16374/2013, this Court (Coram Hon'ble Mr. Justice K.M. Thaker, as he was then) remanded the matter after considering the submissions made on behalf of the petitioner and after considering the documentary evidence on record as well as the provisions of the Act, only to ascertain as to whether the plants and machinery previously used at the site of clients or part of it have been installed by the petitioner at the Jhagadia unit and/or used for and in the production activity or not and whether on the strength of relevant documents, the petitioner had established that the unit at Jhagadia is set up by purchasing new plant and machinery and the plant and machinery at any of the sites of its clients i.e. the plant and machinery previously used at the site other companies are not used in set up unit at Jhagadia and /or not used in production process and Page 10 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT whether sufficient and cogent documentary evidence to support such assertion is made available by the petitioner or not.
6.1) It was further submitted that in order dated 6th January, 2016 passed by the Division Bench (Coram Hon'ble the Acting Chief Justice Mr. Jayant Patel, as he was then and Hon'ble Mr. Justice V.M. Pancholi) in Letters Patent Appeal no.1/2016 has also clarified that the observations made by the learned Single Judge on merits of entitlement for exemption shall not prejudice the rights of either side before the competent authority and the competent authority shall be at liberty to take independent view of the matter on the basis of material available before it and in accordance with law. Learned Senior counsel further relied upon the decision of this Court rendered in case of Kores (India) Limited Textile Division v. Collector of Electricity Duty and others (CAV judgment dated 17.10.2104 in Special Civil Application No. 17038/2012) to point out that in similar facts, this Court (Coram : Hon'ble Mr. Justice S.R. Brahmbhatt) has held as under :
"24. The expansion word occurring in the provision could be understood in terms of increase in capacity or slight modification in the product which may enhance the products saleability but that in itself cannot be classified to be diversification so as to give different colour to the undertaking and make it eligible for exemption in electricity duty. As against this, if the same business or organization is venturing into production of new product with different capacity and different machinery with different raw material and input, then, though the Company and organization has been producing another product in the State of Gujarat would in itself not Page 11 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT considered as disqualifying factor for the new unit which is based upon new technology for altogether a new product warranting fresh investment, new machinery and plants and technical knowhow. It is also relevant to note that if the Unit is changing its technology for better result of the same product than in that case such change and investment might not be eligible for duty exemption. The petitioner had in fact established it case for seeking exemption before the respondent no.1 as its contention referred to in para 16 (v) to 16(x) have not been adverted to at all by the respondent no.1. in its order dated 8.11.2012 impugned in this petition."
6.2) It was further submitted that the said decision was challenged before the Division Bench of this Court in the proceedings of Civil Application (for condonation of delay) No. 12275/2015 with Letters Patent Appeal (Stamp) No. 1352/2015 and this Court on the merits of the appeal found that the view taken by the learned Single Judge in Special Civil Application No.17038/2012 calls for no interference. It was therefore, submitted that in facts of the case, clearly when the documentary evidence on record establishes that the unit at Jhagadia established by the petitioner in the year 2009 cannot be said to be an expansion of the existing business of the petitioner as the petitioner has started a new unit and is producing new product in the form of gases other than nitrogen gas produced at the site of its clients with different capacity and different machinery with different raw material and input and therefore, the petitioner cannot be denied the exemption of electricity duty under the provisions of 3(2)
(vii) of the Act. It was submitted that the petitioner produced various documents before the respondent authority along with additional submissions and representations dated 7th June, 2016 which are available Page 12 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT at page374 of the petition to demonstrate that the investment made in the plant and machinery in the unit at Jhagadia are new investment and that none of the assets used at the plants of Gujarat Guardian Limited and E.I. DuPont have been used by the petitioner. Reliance was placed on such documents by the learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner by placing the relevant extracts on record as under :
Sr. Particulars Page No. No. 1 Tax Invoice dated 04.06.2008 issued 1,2 by Siemens Ltd. 2 Tax Invoice dated 31.05.2008 issued 3 by Inox India Ltd. 3 Tax Invoice dated 31.05.2008 issued 4 by Inox India Ltd. 4 Invoice cum Challan dated 5 19.05.2008 issued by Air Liquide Engineering India Pvt. Ltd. 5 Invoice dated 25.11.2008 issued by 6 Air Liquide Engineering India Pvt. Ltd. 6 Bill of Entry for Home Consumption 7 dated 16.09.2008 7 Invoice dated 27.06.2008 issued by 8 Cryo Star 8 Bill of Entry for Home Consumption 9 dated 29.01.2008 9 Invoice dated 31.05.2008 issued by 10 Voltamp Transformers Ltd. 10 Tax Invoice dated 17.07.2008 issued 11 by Siemens Ltd. 11 Invoice dated 14.05.2008 issued by 12 to17 Herose 12 Invoice dated 25.09.2008 issued by 18 Air Liquide Engineering India Pvt. Ltd. Page 13 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT 13 Invoice dated 16.12.2008 issued by 19 Air Liquide Engineering India Pvt. Ltd. 14 Invoice dated 19.10.2007 issued by 20 New Cosmos Electric Co. Ltd. 15 Summary of investments towards 21 to 26 purchase of plant and machinery made in the Jhagadia Plant by the Petitioner 16 Certificate dated 23.01.2010 issued 27 by H.S.Ahuja & Co., Chartered Accountants certifying the capital investments made by the Petitioner in Jhagadia Plant (Pg.292) 17 Statement of Account from 2011 to 28,29 2012 of E.I.DuPont India Pvt. Ltd. showing that the onsite facilities were operational even after setting up of Jhagadia Plant 18 Statement of Account from 30,31 01.04.2016 to 23.05.2016 of Gujarat Guardian Ltd. showing that the on site facilities were operational even after setting up of Jhagadia Plant
6.3) It was therefore, submitted that respondent no.2 has committed an error by holding that Jhagadia unit of the petitioner although meets with the requirement of explanation (a) and (b) given under section 3(2)(vii) of the Act, is apparently an expansion of the existing business of producing industrial gas in the State and hence does not meet with the requirement of explanation (c) given under section 3(2)(vii) of the Act. It was therefore, held that the petitioner is not entitled to exemption from electricity duty since the unit of petitioner at Jhagadia is an expansion of its existing business or undertaking at the State of Gujarat and therefore, it does not qualify as a new industrial undertaking pursuant to explanation (c) given under Page 14 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT section 3(2)(vii) of the Act.
6.4) Learned Senior Advocate for the petitioner submitted that the Act was amended with effect from 1st April 2013, whereby even an additional unit of a company is eligible for exemption from payment of electricity duty with retrospective effect. However, respondent no.2 rejected such submission on the ground that benefit of exemption is available to eligible additional unit of the industrial undertaking qualifying for the same as provided in the Amended Act and which has commenced after the date of the said amendment i.e. 1st April, 2013 with prospective effect only. It was therefore, submitted that the impugned order dated 21st July, 2016 is contrary to the settled legal position as held by this Court in case of Kores (India) Limited Textile Division(supra) which is also confirmed by Division Bench of this Court.
6.5) Learned Senior Counsel for the petitioner also relied upon the decision of the Apex Court in case of Essar Steel India Limited and another v. State of Gujarat and another reported in (2017) 8 Supreme Court Cases 357 to submit that in case before the Apex Court, as the appellant was jointly generating the energy with Gujarat Electricity Board, the Court did not consider as a new industrial undertaking within the provisions of section 3(2)(vii) of the Act. He therefore, submitted that facts of the case of the petitioners are converse to the facts which were before the Apex Court and the Apex Court in the aforesaid decision has after analysing the provisions of section 3(2)(vii)(a)(i) of the Act held as under :
Page 15 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT"16. The keywords in the statutory scheme are "generates energy either singly or jointly with any other industrial undertaking for its own use or as the case may be, for the use of industrial undertaking which are jointly generating the energy." We have to look into the facts of the present case to find out as to whether the statutory conditions enumerated above are satisfied in the facts of the present case or not. The appellant no.1 is a separate registered company which holds 42% equity shares of the appellant no.2. The appellant no.2 has been constituted as a Special Purpose Vehicle for generating electricity. The appellant no.2 is a generating company within the meaning of Section 2(4A) of Electricity (Supply) Act, 1948. The submission which has been pressed by the counsel for the appellant is that both the appellant no.1 and appellant no.2 are generating energy jointly for the use of industrial undertaking which are jointly generating the energy."
6.6) He further relied upon the observations made by the Apex Court in the following paragraphs :
"18. Even assuming appellant no.1 and appellant no.2 are jointly generating the energy for the use of industrial undertaking which are jointly generating the energy, the Gujarat Electricity Board to whom 300 MW has been allocated cannot be held to be industrial undertaking which is jointly generating the energy with appellant. The Statutory scheme for grant of exemption has to be strictly construed. The appellant no.2 is not jointly generating energy with Gujarat Electricity Board and it is selling the energy to the extent of 300 MW to Gujarat Electricity Board. The conditions of the statutory provisions of Section 3(2)(vii)(a) are not fulfilled. The High Court has further held that both ESL and EPL being distinct separate legal entities merely because ESL might have 42% shares holding in EPL, it cannot be said that ESL is generating electricity jointly with EPL and EPL is generating electricity jointly with ESL for use of electricity by ESL.
19. The statutory conditions for grant of exemption as Page 16 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT contained in Section 3(2)(vii)(a) can neither be tinkered with nor diluted. Learned Counsel for the appellant contends that the State Government had granted permission to the ESSAR Power Plant to set up a generating station as a special case and to supply power generated by it to its sister concerned i.e. ESSAR Steel and ESSAR Oil as a special case. The letter of the State Government dated 05.06.1995 further stated that if there is any excess power generated by EPL, the same may be purchased by the Board at the price decided by the Board. It is useful to extract the letter of permission dated 05.06.1995 issued by the State Government which was to the following effect: "The Govt. has considered all the aspect on the above matter and after careful consideration, has decided to agree in principle to the demand of ESSAR Power Limited to set up a generating station as a special case, and to supply power generated by it to its sister concern, i.e. ESSAR Gujarat, ESSAR Steels and ESSAR Oil again as a special case only subject to fulfillment of requirements of legal provisions as laid down under Section 15A and 18A of the Electricity Supply Act and with the express condition that the power generated through this subject shall never as sold outside the State or to any other person except as mentioned above. Moreover, in case, the power generated by EPL is to be wheeled, GEB shall decide the wheeling rate according to the sound commercial principles. In addition to this, if there is any excess power generated by EPL, the each may be purchased by the Board, at a price decided by the Board subject to the norms laid down by GoI from to time.
It is, therefore, requested that GEB may take further necessary action in the matter."
6.7) It was therefore, submitted that provisions of section 3(2)(vii) of the Act are required to be strictly construed as it pertains to statutory scheme for grant of exemption and the same can never be tinkered with nor diluted.
6.8) He also referred to the judgment and order dated 24th Page 17 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT November, 2015 in Civil Application (for condonation of delay) No. 12275/2015 with Letters Patent Appeal (Stamp) No. 1352/2015, wherein the Division Bench confirming the judgment of the learned Single Judge has observed as under :
"6. We may record that it is not the case of the appellant that same machinery of the earlier existing unit is used for manufacturing of a new product. Rather, it is an admitted position that new machineries are purchased for establishing the manufacturing unit of hosiery cotton. Not only that, but the unit is separate and independent. It is not the case of the appellant that any unused machinery or unused capacity of the other unit is used for manufacturing activity of the present unit. The learned Single Judge found that when for a separate product by the very company separate unit including that of the machinery are purchased and established, it cannot be said that the same would fall in the definition of expansion as sought to be canvassed. In the decision of the Apex Court (supra), the Apex Court had specifically taken note of the aspect that there was addition in the production of portland cement by establishing new kiln and further idle capacity of crushers, cranes, packing machines, coal mills and raw mills of other unit were utilised for manufacturing of the additional capacity of portland cement. Under these circumstances, the decision upon which the reliance has been placed by the learned Government Pleader can hardly be made applicable to the facts of the present case when in the present case, undisputedly new machineries are purchased and no machinery of the existing unit is utilised coupled with the aspect that the manufacturing is of altogether a different product and not the same product."
7. Per contra, learned Assistant Government Pleader Mr. Soham Joshi submitted that if the Supply agreement dated 19th May, 1999 between the petitioner and E.I. DuPont India Limited is perused, then it becomes clear that the petitioner was the owner of the plant and machinery Page 18 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT situated at the premises of E.I. DuPont India Limited. He relied upon Article No. (2.2.2) of the said Supply agreement to point out that the costs, duties (Customs and Excise), all taxes, charges (freight and insurance) etc. on the plant, machinery and equipment required for the FLOXAL SYSTEM will be borne and paid by the petitioner. He further referred to Article no. (5) for payment to point out that all payments under the agreement will become due for payment after 30 days from the monthly invoices/statement of account being furnished by the petitioner to E.I. DuPont India Limited. He referred to Article No. (6.2) of the Supply agreement to submit that FLOXAL SYSTEM will be designed for minimum 12 years life cycle and petitioner would be responsible for maintenance and cost of whatever maintenance/ replacement is required to maintain the life cycle of FLOXAL SYSTEM. He therefore, submitted that the petitioner was already having its plant and machinery in the form of existing units though it may be at the premises of E.I. DuPont India Limited and other unit at the premises of Gujarat Guardian Limited at Ankleshwar. It was therefore, submitted that the petitioner was in the business of manufacture and supply of industrial gases in the State of Gujarat and therefore, the petitioner would not be eligible for exemption from the electricity duty in view of explanation (c) to section 3(2)(vii) of the Act as the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia is nothing but an expansion of the existing business or undertaking in the State of Gujarat. It was further submitted that in application made on 28th January, 2010 (AnnexureF to the petition), the petitioner has stated in column no.6 of the said application Page 19 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT in FormE as under :
Nature of business or This is a newly set up industrial manufacturing undertaking for production of activities carried out industrial gases.
previously by the applicant (detail Earlier, we were engaged in should be given) business of trading of gases, and of equipments/ machineries / onsite plants etc for industrial gases and Providing services by setting up of on site plants, for on line supply of gases in their premises, to be used captively by the customers for production of finished goods in their factories and technical services and support for administration, maintenance and operation of such plants.
Recognizing the potential for increasing demand for industrial gases within Gujarat the Company has embarked on setting up its first independent production unit.
7.1) It was therefore, submitted that the petitioner has not disclosed before the authority with regard to production of industrial gases by the petitioner in the State of Gujarat. He also invited attention to Article No. 5 of Nitrogen Supply agreement dated 23rd July, 1996 entered into between the petitioner and Gujarat Guardian Limited to point out that the FLOXAL unit would be established on suitable piece of land at the proximity of float glass tin bath and such land to be acquired by both the parties and put at the disposal of the petitioner free of charge for the entire duration of the Page 20 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT contract. He further relied upon Article No. 5.2 of the said agreement to point out that the petitioner was responsible for establishment of the unit. He also referred to Article No. 1 to submit that the contract was entered into to install, own and operate FLOXAL plant in order to supply nitrogen according to the specifications set forth in Article No. 2 of the agreement between the parties. It was therefore, submitted that the petitioner was already in the business of manufacture/production of industrial gases in the State of Gujarat and therefore, unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia is only an expansion and only because the petitioner is producing different types of gases at its unit at Jhagadia, it cannot be said that the petitioner is engaged in different business or is manufacturing/producing new project.
7.2) It was further submitted that on perusal of details provided to the notes to the accounts of the petitioner for the financial year 2009, sales details clearly show at page no. 249 of the petition that the petitioner has manufactured nitrogen gas. He also relied upon the annual report for financial year 2010 to submit that the details of the sales includes manufactured goods of nitrogen gas. It was therefore, submitted that unit at Jhagadia established by the petitioner is not entitled to exemption from electricity duty and the impugned order passed by respondent no.2 is based upon the facts of the case and, therefore, no interference is required to be made.
7.3) He further relied upon the decision of Apex Court in case of State of Gujarat and others v. Saurashtra Cement & Chemical Industries Ltd. reported in (2003) 2 Page 21 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT Supreme Court Cases 394, wherein the Apex Court has dealt with similar issue of granting exemption from levy of electricity duty for new industrial undertaking. It was submitted that the Apex Court after considering the provisions of the Act has held as under :
"9. To appreciate the exception contained in Explanation 1 to clause (ii)(c) of Section 3 (2) (vii) (b),it is necessary to understand the meaning of the word 'expansion'. The word 'expansion' is a noun derived from the word 'expand', which is a verb. The word 'expand' means 'to become greater or bigger in size, to spread out. As per the New Shorter Oxford English Dictionary, the word 'expand' means 1.v.t. 'spread or stretch (a thing) out 2. Become extended; spread out, unfold. 3.v.t. Give full expression to 4.v.t. Widen the boundaries of, increase the area, scope etc., of; enlarge, dilate 5.v.i. Become greater in area, bulk, capacity etc; become larger; increase the scope of one's activity or the scale of operations of something; take in or go into a new area of activity.
10. This meaning is to be applied to the facts on record. The respondent company when it initially started had a production capacity of 660 metric tonnes which was subsequently increased to 1000 metric tonnes. In 196970 by setting up the alleged new unit, production capacity of the company more than doubled. But as already seen this unit is not self contained. It is not an independently viable unit. It is dependant on various items of plant and machinery and mills of the existing unit. Further respondent was having two kilns and third is added. This leads to the inevitable conclusion that the new unit is an expansion of an existing undertaking in the State. Once it is held to be a case of expansion, the claim for exemption from electricity duty, set up by the respondent, completely falls to the ground. In the facts and circumstances of the case we are clearly of the view that the respondent is not entitled to exemption from electricity duty. The High Court failed to apply the real test which emerges from the judgment of this Court in Textile Machinery Corporation (supra) which was affirmed in a subsequent decision in Page 22 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT Bajaj Tempo Ltd, Bombay Vs. Commissioner of Income Tax, Bombay CityIII, Bombay [1992 (3) SCC 78]. Accordingly, this appeal is allowed. The judgment of the High Court under appeal is set aside. The respondent is held not entitled to exemption from electricity duty. In the facts of the case there will be no order as to costs."
7.4) It was therefore, submitted that as facts of the case of the petitioner is similar to that before the Apex Court, as the petitioner is also having two plants and has added third plant at Jhagadia, it is nothing but expansion of existing undertaking in the State and therefore, once it is the case of expansion, claim of exemption of electricity duty cannot be granted.
7.5) With regard to the reliance placed on the decision in case of Essar Steel India Limited and another (supra) on behalf of the petitioner, it was submitted that in paragraph no. 18 of the said decision, the Apex Court has held that statutory scheme has to be strictly construed. It was therefore, submitted that the said decision would be helpful to the respondents and as it is held by respondent no.2 by appreciation of documentary evidence on record that unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia is nothing but an expansion of its existing business in the State of Gujarat, exemption from electricity duty is rightly denied.
7.6) With regard to reliance placed on the judgment of learned Single Judge in case of Kores (India) Limited Textile Division (supra) on behalf of the petitioner, it was submitted that in paragraph no. 24 of the said judgment, it is categorically held that if unit is changing its technology for better result of the same product than in that case such Page 23 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT change and investment might not be eligible for duty exemption. Reliance was also placed on the averments made in the affidavit in reply filed on behalf of respondent no.2 to submit that as far as the provision made in the Amended Act with effect from 1st April, 2013 is concerned, an additional unit of a company is eligible for exemption from payment of electricity duty only when an application under prescribed amended Form E is filed and as per the Amended Act, such application would have to be filed under section 3(2)(vii) of the Act, whereas the petitioner has filed application dated 2nd February, 2010 under prescribed Form E under section 3(2)(vii) of the Act and therefore, the petitioner is not entitled to exemption from levy of electricity duty retrospectively because as per the Amended Act, additional unit may become eligible subject to certain terms and conditions prescribed by the State Government with prospective effect only.
7.7) It was further submitted that the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia cannot be termed as new industrial undertaking as the petitioner was earlier engaged in manufacturing of gases which was being provided to its clients and therefore, it cannot be said that the petitioner is engaged in the business of manufacturing of gases and equipments for the first time in the State of Gujarat which is a prerequisite for falling within the meaning of "new industrial undertaking".
7.8) With regard to the submission made on behalf of the petitioner that the petitioner has made fresh investment in its unit at Jhagadia, it was submitted that the fact that an Page 24 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT entity by establishment of a new industrial undertaking when expands its existing business, every creation in business requires new investment and therefore, it cannot be considered as new industrial undertaking under the provisions of the Act. It was therefore, submitted that as the petitioner was already running the business in the State of Gujarat since 1996 and when it started its unit at Jhagadia in the year 2009, it would not mean that the petitioner has setup new industrial undertaking under the provisions of section 3(2)(vii) of the Act.
8. Having considered the submissions made by both the sides as well as perusing all the documents produced on record by the petitioner, the following facts emerge :
1) The petitioner started its business activity in the State of Gujarat since 1996 by establishing plant for manufacturing of nitrogen gas at the premises of Gujarat Guardian Limited at Ankleshwar and E.I. DuPont at Savli.
2) The petitioner was raising invoices for supply of nitrogen gas as per the terms and conditions of the Supply agreement between the petitioner and aforesaid two companies.
3) In the year 2009, the petitioner with an investment of Rs. 68 crores in the new plant and machinery established unit at Jhagadia for manufacturing different types of gases with the use of fresh capital, state of art new machineries and equipments.
Page 25 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT9. On the basis of documentary evidence produced on record at the time of hearing, which were also part of the record with respondent no.2, along with additional representations made by the petitioner on 15th February, 2016 and 7th February, 2016, pursuant to the order dated 6th January, 2016 passed by this Court in Letters Patent Appeal No.1/2016, it clearly shows that none of the plant and machinery which was used by Gujarat Guardian Limited at Ankleshwar and E.I. DuPont at Savli. have been used by the petitioner for establishing its unit at Jhagadia.
10. On the basis of the documents produced by the petitioner on record it is established that unit at Jhagadia is set up by new plant and machinery and plant and machinery at any site of the clients of the petitioner are not used in setting up the unit at Jhagadia.
11. The petitioner has claimed exemption from the duty under the provisions of the Act and therefore, it would be germane to refer to the relevant provisions of the Act, namely definition of "industrial undertaking" as provided in section 2(bb) of the Act and section 3(2)(vii) of the Act which are reproduced hereinbelow :
"(bb) industrial undertaking means an undertaking engaged predominantly in
(i) the manufacture or production of goods or
(ii) any job work which results in the manufacture or production of goods but does not include Page 26 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT (A) a service undertaking; and (B) an undertaking which manufactures or produces any kind of food or drinks or both meant ordinarily for consumption on the premises of the undertaking.
Explanation 1. For the purpose of item (B) of this clause, premises of the undertaking includes all premises which are intended for being used for consumption of food or drinks or both.
Explanation 2. For the purpose of this clause and clause (ee), an undertaking engaged in the manufacture or production of goods and also in any one of more of the activities specified in clause (ee)
(a) shall be deemed to be
(i) engaged predominantly in the manufacture or production of goods if the gross annual income of such undertaking from such manufacture of production for the accounting year of such undertaking preceding the period in respect of which the duty is levied in greater than the gross annual income of such undertaking for that accounting year from such activity or activities,
(ii) a service undertaking engaged predominantly in any one or more of the activities specified in clause (ee) if the gross annual income of such undertaking from such activity or activities for the accounting year of such undertaking preceding the period in respect of which the duty is levied is greater than the gross annual income of such undertaking for that accounting year from such manufacture or production.
Section 3. (1) Subject to the provisions of subsection (2)(2AA), (2AAA), (2B) and (3), there shall be levied and paid to the State Government a duty on the consumption of electricity (hereinafter in this Act referred to as electricity duty) at the rates specified below: Page 27 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT
(a) the electricity duty shall be payable by consumers other than those referred to in subclauses (i) and (ii) of clause (a) of section 2, at the rates specified in Schedule I to this Act, and
(b) the electricity duty shall be payable by consumers referred to in sub clauses (I) and (ii) of clause (a) of section 2, at the rates specified in Schedule II to this Act.] (2) Electricity duty shall not be leviable on the units of energy consumed,
(vii) for motive power and lighting in respect of premises used by a new industrial undertaking for industrial purpose, subject to such terms and conditions as may be prescribed, for a period of five years from the date on which such industrial undertaking begins to manufacture or produce goods for the first time:
Provided that no new industrial undertaking shall be entitled for exemption from payment of electricity duty under this clause, unless it has obtained a certificate regarding eligibility for such exemption in prescribed form by making an application therefore in such form, within such period and to such officer as may be prescribed.
Explanation. For the purpose of this clause a new industrial undertaking means any industrial undertaking which
(a) is not formed by the splitting up or the reconstruction of a business or undertaking already in existence in the State; or
(b) is not formed by transfer to a new business or undertaking of a building, machinery or plant previously used in India for any industrial purpose, of such value in relation to total value of the aforesaid investments, as the State Government may, by notification in the Official Page 28 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT Gazette, specify; or
(c) is not an expansion of the existing business or undertaking in the State."
12. The short question therefore, which arises for consideration of this Court is that whether after remand of the case by this Court in the year 2015, the petitioner has been able to demonstrate that whether the plant and machineries at the unit at Jhagadia have been utilised or used in the production activity previously or not and whether such plant and machinery is new machinery, as the remand was made by this Court to ascertain this fact. If the answer to such inquiry is in the affirmative, then the question of consideration as to whether unit at Jhagadia is expansion of the existing unit or it is a new industrial unit would be a futile exercise.
13. However, respondent no. 2 has not disputed the fact that the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia is not formed by the splitting up or the reconstruction of a business or undertaking already in existence in the State or is not formed by transfer to a new business or undertaking of a building, machinery or plant previously used in India for any industrial purpose, of such value in relation to total value of the aforesaid investments, as the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette specify, meaning thereby, that clauses (a) and (b) given under section 3(2)(vii) of the Act are fulfilled by the petitioner.
14. Respondent no.2 is not however supposed to examine Page 29 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT the case of the petitioner visavis as to whether there is expansion of the existing business or undertaking in the State of Gujarat but unfortunately respondent no.2 has applied clause (c) to explanation of section 3(2)(vii) of the Act and rejected the claim of the petitioner for exemption from electricity duty applying clause (c) of the explanation holding that the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia is nothing but an expansion of the existing unit or undertaking in the State of Gujarat.
15. Thus from the facts emerging on record, it is clear that the petitioner has not used any of the plant and machinery at the unit at Jhagadia which was previously used by the petitioner either at the unit in the premises of Gujarat Guardian Limited at Ankleshwar or E.I. DuPont at Savli. Therefore, the only question which is required to be considered is as to whether establishing unit at Jhagadia would amount to expansion of the business or undertaking of the petitioner or not?
16. So far as issue of expansion is concerned, the same is no more res integra in view of decision of this Court in case of Kores (India) Limited Textile Division(supra), wherein it is held as under :
"20. The close reading of provisions and explanation in question, reproduced hereinabove, would clearly indicate that for claiming the benefits of exemption in electricity duty, new industrial undertaking should not have been formed by splitting up or the reconstruction of a business or undertaking already in existence in the State or should not have been formed by transfer to a new business or undertaking of a building, machinery or plant previously used in India for any industrial purpose, of such value in Page 30 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT relation to total value of the aforesaid investments, as the State Government may, by notification in the Official Gazette, specify or should not be an expansion of the existing business or undertaking in the State."
17. The facts of the case are therefore, required to be considered so as to ascertain that whether the establishment of unit by the petitioner at Jhagadia would amount to expansion of existing business or undertaking in the State or not. For this purpose it is necessary to refer to the observations made by the Apex Court in case of Saurashtra Cement & Chemical Industries Ltd. (supra) as under :
"7. Crucial question for consideration before us is whether it is a case of expansion of an existing unit? The case of expansion of an industrial undertaking would qualify for exemption under Section 15C of the Income Tax Act while in view of clause (ii)( c) of Explanation 1 contained in the Bombay Electricity Duty Act, 1958, an expansion of existing business undertaking would not qualify for exemption from electricity duty. Para 18 of the judgment in Textile Machinery Corporation (supra) throws considerable light on the controversy before us. Para 18 reads as below:
"18. The assessee continues to be the same for the purpose of assessment. It has its existing business already liable to tax. It produced in the two concerned undertakings commodities different from those which he has been manufacturing or producing in its existing business. Manufacture or production of articles yielding additional profit attributable to the new outlay of capital in a separate and distinct unit is the heart of the matter, to earn benefit from the exemption of tax liability under Section 15C. Sub section (6) of the section also points to the same effect, namely, production of articles. The answer, in every particular case depends upon the peculiar facts and conditions of the new industrial undertaking on account of which the assessee claims exemption under Section 15C. No hard and fast rule can be laid down. Trade and Page 31 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT industry do not run in earmarked channels and particularly so in view of manifold scientific and technological developments. There is great scope for expansion of trade and industry. The fact that an assessee by establishment of a new industrial undertaking expands his existing business, which he certainly does, would not, on that score, deprive him of the benefit under Section 15C. Every new creation in business is some kind of expansion and advancement. The true test is not whether the new industrial undertaking connotes expansion of the existing business of the assessee but whether it is all the same a new and identifiable undertaking separate and distinct from the existing business. No particular decision in one case can lay down an inexorable test to determine whether a given case comes under Section 15C or not. In order that the new undertaking can be said to be not formed out of the already existing business, there must be a new emergence of a physically separate industrial unit which may exist on its own as a viable unit. An undertaking is formed out of the existing business if the physical identity with the old unit is preserved. This has not happened here in the case of the two undertakings which are separate and distinct."
8. It will be seen from the facts on record in the present case that the so called new unit/undertaking is not totally independent of the assets of the existing unit. Admittedly certain assets, to which reference has already been made, are being utilized in the manufacturing activity carried on by the new unit. It cannot be said that the new unit is completely independent or that the new unit could do without the assets of the existing unit. If use of the old plant and machinery etc. was necessary to complete the manufacturing process in the new unit, the new unit is not totally independent nor it is able to complete the process of manufacture of cement on its own as a viable unit. The new unit is dependent on the existing assets. A physical identity with the old unit is preserved. In view of the exception carved out in the definition of a new industrial unit contained in the Act, it cannot be said that the respondent is entitled to exemption from electricity duty.
18. In facts of the case, it is established on record that Page 32 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia is totally independent of the assets of other units at the premises of Gujarat Guardian Limited at Ankleshwar or E.I. DuPont at Savli and none of the assets of the units situated in Gujarat Guardian Limited or E.I. DuPont are being utilised in manufacturing the product being carried on by the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia. Therefore, it can be said that the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia is completely independent unit and same is established without use of assets of the unit either at Gujarat Guardian Limited or E.I. DuPont. It is also not the case of the respondents that any of the old plant and machinery was used by the petitioner to complete the manufacturing process in the unit at Jhagadia, but on the contrary the unit at Jhagadia is totally independent and is able to complete the process of manufacturing of industrial gases on its own as a viable unit. It is also a matter of fact that the unit at Jhagadia established by the petitioner is not dependent on any of the assets used by the units at Gujarat Guardian Limited or E.I. DuPont and physical identity of the unit at Jhagadia is independent than that of other two units. It can therefore, be said that the petitioner is entitled to exemption from electricity duty in view of exception carved out in the definition of new industrial unit.
19. The word "expansion" therefore, occurring in explanation (c) to section 3(2)(vii) of the Act is required to be understood in relation to the facts of the case to the effect that the manufacturing activity of the petitioner at the unit at Jhagadia is not an expansion of its earlier product or business as the manufacturing activity at the Page 33 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT unit at Jhagadia for production of industrial gases with new technology, new plant and machinery, new set up and therefore, it meets with the criteria of new industrial undertaking. It would therefore, be germane to refer to the observations made by this Court in case of Kores (India) Limited Textile Division(supra) as under :
23. Thus, even the Supreme Court has elaborately discussed the meaning of word 'expansion' and its all derivatives. The observation of the Supreme Court in para 10 would indicate those were the reasons for not treating the respondent to be eligible for benefits. As it was in that case capacity was increased, whereas, in the instant case on hand, it is absolutely uncontroverted that company had started altogether new product and when there is a new product, which is requiring the new machinery and which is requiring new premises, and old machinery is not put to use nor is the raw material is put to use. It cannot be said that it is the expansion of earlier product or business. The diversification in production activities requiring new technology, new method and new plant and machinery, new set up cannot denied benefit of exemption in duty only on the ground that the same is merely expansion of the original company. In fact what is to be looked into is whether the new unit meets with the criteria for " new industrial under taking" and if its meet than the certificate of exemption is to be granted to such unit irrespective of the fact that the owner had been producing some other product in State of Gujarat.
24. The 'expansion' word occurring in the provision could be understood in terms of increase in capacity or slight modification in the product which may enhance the product's saleability but that in itself cannot be classified to be diversification so as to give different colour to the undertaking and make it eligible for exemption in electricity duty. As against this, if the same business or organization is venturing into production of new product with different capacity and different machinery with different raw material and input, then, though the Company and organization has been producing another Page 34 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT product in the State of Gujarat would in itself not considered as disqualifying factor for the new unit which is based upon new technology for altogether a new product warranting fresh investment, new machinery and plants and technical knowhow. It is also relevant to note that if the Unit is changing its technology for better result of the same product than in that case such change and investment might not be eligible for duty exemption. The petitioner had in fact established it case for seeking exemption before the respondent no.1 as its contention referred to in para 16 (v) to 16(x) have not been adverted to at all by the respondent no.1. in its order dated 8.11.2012 impugned in this petition."
20. In view of the aforesaid fact situation and legal proposition, reliance placed by the learned Assistant Government Pleader on the various clauses of the Supply agreement between the petitioner and Gujarat Guardian Limited and E.I. DuPont so as to canvas that establishment of the unit at Jhagadia is nothing but an expansion of the unit at Jhagadia, is to be rejected as it is established on record that the unit of the petitioner at Jhagadia is an independent unit with new plant and machinery for manufacturing of new product and therefore, it cannot be said that unit at Jhagadia established by the petitioner is an expansion of its existing business or undertaking in the State of Gujarat. The petitioner is therefore, entitled to exemption from the electricity duty for five years as envisaged in section 3(2)
(vii) of the Act from 2009 to 2014.
21. With regard to the alternative submission on behalf of the petitioner as to the petitioner is also entitled to exemption as per the the Amended Act with effect from 1 st April, 2013 for additional unit with retrospective effect is Page 35 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020 C/SCA/17182/2016 CAV JUDGMENT concerned, as it is held that the petitioner is entitled to exemption for the electricity duty, as per the provisions of the Act, prior to its amendment, it would not be necessary to analyse the provisions of the Amended Act and to decide as to whether the same are applicable prospectively or retrospectively. Therefore, such academic exercise is not undertaken in the present case.
22. In view of the foregoing reasons, the petition succeeds. Impugned order dated 21st July, 2016 passed by respondent no.2 Collector of Electricity Duty, Gandhinagar is hereby quashed and set aside. The petitioner is entitled to exemption from payment/levy of electricity duty for five years from 2009 to 2014 and the respondents are hereby directed to refund the amount of electricity duty paid by the petitioner for period of exemption for industrial consumption of energy under the Act within a period of three months from the date of receipt of a copy of this judgment.
23. Petition is disposed of. Rule is made absolute to the aforesaid extent. No order as to costs (BHARGAV D. KARIA, J) RAGHUNATH R NAIR Page 36 of 36 Downloaded on : Sat Jan 11 01:57:27 IST 2020


Methods
cloneToObject(eventnon-null, optionsopt) → {object}
Clone the given CloudEvent in a plain object.
Clone the given CloudEvent in a plain object.
Note that depending on the clone method chosen, a shallow clone could be done
(usually it is, even for performance reasons),
so pay attention using the skipExtensions option in that case.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Attributes | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
event |
object | the CloudEvent to clone | ||
options |
object |
<optional> |
{} | optional attributes: - strict (boolean, default null so no override) to validate it in a more strict way (if null it will be used strict mode in the given event), - onlyValid (boolean, default false) to return it only if it's a valid instance, - printDebugInfo (boolean, default false) to print some debug info to the console, - skipExtensions (boolean, default false) to skip all non-standard (so extensions) properties, |
- Source:
Throws:
-
-
if event is not a CloudEvent instance or subclass
- Type
- TypeError
-
-
-
if event is undefined or null, or an option is undefined/null/wrong
- Type
- Error
-
Returns:
the event, as a plain object
- Type
- object
createFromObject(objnon-null, optionsopt) → {object}
Create and return a CloudEvent from the given object and options.
Create and return a CloudEvent from the given object and options.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Attributes | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
obj |
object | the plain object instance to use (its properties will be used) | ||
options |
object |
<optional> |
{} | optional attributes: - strict (boolean, default null so no override) to validate it in a more strict way (if null it will be used strict mode in the given event), - onlyValid (boolean, default false) to return it only if it's a valid instance, - printDebugInfo (boolean, default false) to print some debug info to the console, - skipExtensions (boolean, default false) to skip all non-standard (so extensions) properties, |
- Source:
Throws:
-
-
if object is not a plain object instance
- Type
- TypeError
-
-
-
if object is undefined or null, or an option is undefined/null/wrong, or is not possible to create a CloudEvent instance
- Type
- Error
-
Returns:
the created CloudEvent instance
- Type
- object


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Aquatron: Official Manufacturer Website- Automatic / Robotic ...
. leaders in the manufacture & distribution of automatic / robotic swimming pool cleaners, . Our line of products includes well-known brands as Aquabot Bravo and . in the field of pool cleaning and pool water treatment give us the confidence .
http://www.aquatron.us/
swimming pool industry Archives | American Pool Enterprises Inc ...
American Pool Management of Pittsburgh is a swimming pool management, maintenance . On Wednesday, September 28, 2011, the Consumer Product Safety .
http://www.americanpool.com/tag/swimming-pool-industry
Things You'll Need
- Certified copies of public records evidence in your case
Instructions
-
-
1
Swimming Pool Main Drain Parts, Grates, Pots
We carry a full line of main drain parts for your swimming pool and spa all with . Pentair, Pac Fab, American Products, Kreepy Krauly, Letro, Purex, Compool, .
http://www.poolpartsonline.com/s-16-main-drain-parts.aspxHayward Pools - Residential
Hayward offers environmentally responsible, cutting-edge pool and spa equipment for residential and commercial, in-ground . New products, backyard safety, expert advice, makeover ideas and more. . Salt & Swim 3C delivers Comfort and Convenience at a Cost you'll love. . Contact Us · Web Site Terms & Conditions .
http://www.hayward-pool.com/ -
2
American Products Americana pool pump parts, Discount parts for ...
Americana pool pump parts - Schematic Diagram of Parts for American Products Americana swimming pool pumps and motors, American Products pool pump .
http://www.poolcenter.com/parts_pumps_american_americana.htmParamount Pool and Spa Systems
Paramount understands the value of Eco-Friendly products and in addition to . You can extend your swimming season and save on energy and chemical costs for the life . An American manufacturer, with a pool building heritage, located in .
http://www.paramountpoolproducts.com/ -
-
3
Orlando Pool Builder | Luxury Swimming Pools | American Pools ...
Beware of companies who want to build you the same pool with the same products for LESS. We feel that the most UNIQUE items that American Pools and Spas .
http://www.american-pools.com/APSP: The Association of Pool & Spa Professionals
Latham Pool Products . of Pool & Spa Professionals, the world's largest international trade association representing the swimming pool, spa, hot tub industry.
http://www.apsp.org/ -
4
Pentair Pool Products, Inc.
As the global leader in swimming pool, spa and aquatic equipment, Pentair has built a reputation as the innovation leader, providing high performance, reliable .
http://www.pentairpool.com/Pentair Pool Products -American Products pool and ... - In The Swim
In The Swim® is proud to feature high quality Pleatco Filters for your pool or spa filter system. Pleatco filters can be used for all filter manufacturers from @Home .
http://www.intheswim.com/filtercartridges/default.aspx?OEM=Pentair%20Pool%20Products%20-American%20Products&Title=Pentair%20Pool%20Products%20-American%20Products-filter-cartridges-for-pool-and-spa
-
1
References
Resources
- Photo Credit Justice image by MVit from pigs with swine flu


About
This animation project is about getting to know talented animators, artists and interviewing them about their work and what is behind their workflow. This series will be in a season format. So there will be a max number of episodes per season. At the moment the max number of episodes in a season that I have set is 7, these episodes will be spread through the year. Preferably I will be able to get one done every 2 weeks, once all the assets have been created.This series is targeted at young aspiring animators who want to learn about different ways of animation, and hopefully discover what kind of animation or art form they're interested in whether its 2D animation, 3D animation, Puppet animation, 3D background design, 2D background design, Character design, 3D modelling, 3D rigging, 2D rigging and more...


Many Jakarta products support interaction with a relational database. Creating a new connection for each user can be time consuming (often requiring multiple seconds of clock time), in order to perform a database transaction that might take milliseconds. Opening a connection per user can be unfeasible in a publicly-hosted Internet application where the number of simultaneous users can be very large. Accordingly, developers often wish to share a "pool" of open connections between all of the application's current users. The number of users actually performing a request at any given time is usually a very small percentage of the total number of active users, and during request processing is the only time that a database connection is required. The application itself logs into the DBMS, and a handles any user account issues internally.
There are several Database Connection Pools already available, both within Jakarta products and elsewhere. A Commons package would give committers an opportunity to coordinate their efforts to create and maintain a efficient, feature-rich package under the ASF license.
The package shall create and maintain a database connection pool package written in the Java language to be distributed under the ASF license. The package shall be available as a pseudo-JDBC driver and via a DataSource interface. The package shall also support multiple logins to multiple database systems, reclamation of stale or dead connections, testing for valid connections, PreparedStatement pooling, and other features.
DBCP relies on:
External configuration of the database connection pool will be supporting using the Digester XML configuration package. (Soon to be a proposal to Jakarta-Commons). Currently, configuration may be accomplished using the Java Object Configuration Language (part of the proposed code base).
The initial codebase was contributed by Rodney Waldhoff from a working project and can be distributed under the Apache license.
The proposed package name for the new component is
org.apache.commons.dbcp
.
dbcp
in the
jakarta-commons
CVS repository. All initial committers
are already committers on jakarta-commons
, so no
additional user setups are required.


Creating memories, one experience at a time
Nadia’s Garden Restaurant isn’t just about dining. We’re about creating memorable experiences that our guest will cherish!
Our family friendly restaurant has indoor, outdoor, and intimate dining options for any occasion.
Our outdoor garden area is perfect for a stroll before or after your meal. We invite you to come dine with us!
What our customers say
This place has, without a doubt, some of the best pizza I have ever had!
The owners are hands on and made sure we had everything we needed.
They are an eclectic eatery, with a large variety of meals to choose from,
but everything I’ve tried from their menu has been great.

Oh, and their crème brulee is amazing!
Shad Cayden


Senior Full Stack Engineer | Project Lead Developer | Certified Laravel Developer with 9 years of professional experience, profound in all the phases of Software Development Life Cycle (SDLC) for designing and building complex web applications, APIs and architecting backend tools. Perform business and technology analysis, system integration engineering, custom software development, support and maintenance, refactoring and re-engineering, unit testing and validation of services. Experienced in agile development and design of high volume and high quality software components and applications, architecting solutions and breaking business requirements into achievable technical tasks. Currently, working with the Laravel, Yii2 and Symfony 5 & 6 as backend PHP Frameworks and Vue,TypeScript / JavaScript as frontend tools, following SOLID principles. Always thrilled to learn new stuff.
# About me
# Experience
Axellero
Senior Full Stack Software Engineer | Project Lead Developer(Freelance Contractor)
Working as a Senior Full Stack Software Engineer / Project Lead Developer
Building and maintaining RESTful APIs, architecting and designing the database
structure, implementing custom wrappers for 3rd party solutions, writing
clean and modular code based on SOA
(Service Oriented Architecture).
Created custom Admin Dashboard for easy management of the application entities.
Fueloyal
Senior Full Stack Software Engineer | Project Lead Developer(Full Time)
Working as a Senior Full Stack Software Engineer / Project Lead Developer. Building and maintaining RESTful APIs, architecting and designing the database structure, implementing custom wrappers for 3rd party solutions, writing clean and modular code based on SOA (Service Oriented Architecture). Created custom Admin Dashboard for easy management of the application entities.
Quantox Technology
Senior PHP Developer(Full Time)
Working as a Senior PHP Developer. Building RESTful APIs, architecting and designing the database structure, implementing custom wrappers for 3rd party solutions, writing clean and modular code based on SOA (Service Oriented Architecture).
- Created Customer/Billing management related service that handles processing for merchants, customers, clients, transactions etc. and seamlessly communicates with the remote Payment Factory service for generating Payment Provider object when the payment is processed
- Created Service - Payment Factory that instantiates the implemented Payment providers based on the remote service request
ZeroPlex
Senior Software Engineer | Project Lead Laravel Developer(Remote Team)
Leading an internal all in one CRM/EPM/HRM/ICT Management project. Involved in all the phases of the Software Development Lifecycle (SDLC), working closely with the Product Owner and the main Project Manager, transforming their requirements into deliverables, architecting solutions, estimating user stories, organizing and planning the development process, making extensive code reviews and executing throughout testing
- Internal Laravel Framework
- Adding new features, refactoring code for the internal Laravel framework
- Writing and maintaining confluence documentation
- Internal Management System - ALEX
- Creating, estimating, planning deliverables, adding day to day task and assigning them to the team
- Developing custom API client packages that synchronize the system with various external APIs: N-Central for device management, Microsoft Azure and Office 365
- Architecting API Client for Mobile Telephony overviews with detailed reports for data usage.
- Creating Two Factor Authentication (2FA) laravel package
- Implementing roles and permissions for the system, separating logic and access for the frontend and backend users
- The system manages Organizations / Clients, IT Devices overview
- Client based Software solutions
- Developing custom solutions for multiple clients
- Creating Invoicing module from scratch for handling large amount of data that needs to be invoiced to a customer. Creating SFTP client module that connects, reads, processes and uploads XML files, transforms them into valid JSON, stores the order from file and uploading processed file back from JSON to XML to the SFTP server
- Developing custom API for processing Orders, user can securely authenticate and send POST request with orders
- Writing API Documentation, implementing Oauth API authentication
Xessable
Senior Software Engineer | Lead Laravel Developer(Full Time)
Working as a Senior Software Engineer, Lead Project Developer from the ZeroPlex Laravel Team
- Guiding and mentoring the internal Xessable Laravel development team, providing feedback, problem-solving
- Managing and creating day to day deliverables and tasks for the dedicated internal project and the Xessable Laravel team, writing reports, giving estimations, executing code reviews and testing
Smith & Associates
Full Stack PHP Developer | Magento 1, 2 CE & EE Developer(Remote Team)
Full Stack Magento 1, 2 CE & EE Developer, working as a part of the remote team, estimating user stories, knowledge sharing with internal and remote team, communicating with the client, understanding and implementing the requirements
- Magento 2 CE & EE
- Developing custom modules, widgets and plugins for Magento 2 EE
- Updating existing and creating components for Magento 2 theme
- Creating custom layouts, improving the loading speed of the PDP page
- Creating custom widget for listing the categories with images, reusable component
- Creating custom widget for the Catalog Category link (updated version of the core widget)
- Creating custom widget for displaying the recently sold products from a selected category from the admin using the options array
- Helping the remote DevOps team with creating and fixing Docker scripts for setting up the project environment
- Writing documentation on the shared Confluence space for the implemented features and widgets
- Magento 1 CE & EE
- Converting given design into a custom Magento 1 theme
- Creating LESS structure and organizing the theme files following best practices for better workflow and development
- Implementing Task Runner - Grunt for improved workflow
InterWorks
Full Stack PHP Developer | Magento 1, 2 CE & EE Developer | Technical Consultant(Full Time)
Magento 1 & 2 CE/EE developer, leading team of total 3 developers on Magento 2 project for one of the larges independed distributors of electronic components
- Magento 2 CE & EE
- Developing custom modules, widgets and plugins for Magento 2 EE
- Updating existing and creating components for Magento 2 theme
- Creating custom layouts, improving the loading speed of the PDP page
- Creating custom widget for listing the categories with images, reusable component
- Creating custom widget for the Catalog Category link (updated version of the core widget)
- Creating custom widget for displaying the recently sold products from a selected category from the admin using the options array
- Helping the remote DevOps team with creating and fixing Docker scripts for setting up the project environment
- Writing documentation on the shared Confluence space for the implemented features and widgets
- Magento 1 CE & EE
- Converting given design into a custom Magento 1 theme
- Creating LESS structure and organizing the theme files following best practices for better workflow and development
- Implementing Task Runner - Grunt for improved workflow
Vox Teneo
Full Stack PHP Developer | Drupal 7 & 8 | Laravel Developer | WordPress(Full Time)
Working as a Full Stack PHP Developer, implementing and architecting solutions using Drupal 7 & 8, WordPress and Laravel 4 / 5, transforming requirements into user stories
- Drupal 7 , 8 & Drupal Commerce
- Developing web solutions in Drupal and PHP implementations in a LAMP environment
- Architect enterprise Drupal solutions including data, display, and information architecture
- Advanced site-building with Drupal modules such as CTools, Views, and Panels
- Creating custom Drupal modules
- Building responsive websites using Drupal CMS, HTML/HTML5, CSS/CSS3, and JavaScript/jQuery
- Implementing Bootstrap grid system for Drupal 7 & 8 Custom themes
- Implementing Drupal Commerce , implementing Payment gateways ( Ingenico Payment )
- Implementing CRM (Odoo) with Drupal 7
- Creating UI / UX components , creating and updating Custom Admin Themes / Dashboards
- Creating custom CRUD for the front-end user depending on role
- Creating sub user functionality , where user with certain role can CRUD sub-users
- Creating custom admin Theme options controllers
- Creating custom export options to CSV , for the admin , custom queries and reports
- Creating custom Event creation system
- Laravel 4 / 5
- Implementing new and updating existing features to Laravel 4 / WordPress system
- Working on an appointmen system for Patient / Psychologist, online scheduling where the client i.e patient can check when the psychologist is available for 1on1 online session with video call
- Created custom Admin dashboard so the Psychologist can have better insight of the number of patients, revenue, news that they have published, articles, update their account / profile etc.
Asidus
Full Stack PHP Developer | Web Designer | Project Manager(Part Time)
Freelance Contractor, Working as a Full Stack PHP Developer, Web Designer and Project Manager.
- Web design and custom graphic design
- PSD to HTML / CSS / Bootstrap/ JavaScript / jQuery / Responsive design
- Hubspot forms implementation
- Developing custom designed PHP / MySql projects using the company internal CMS framework
- WordPress development, building custom themes, fixes and plugins
Asidus
Full Stack PHP Developer | Web Designer | Project Manager(Full Time)
Working as a Full Stack PHP Developer, Web Designer and Project Manager.
- Web design and custom graphic design
- PSD to HTML / CSS / Bootstrap/ JavaScript / jQuery / Responsive design
- Hubspot forms implementation
- Developing custom designed PHP / MySql projects using the company internal CMS framework
- WordPress development, building custom themes, fixes and plugins
Upwork
Senior PHP Developer | Certified Laravel Developer(Freelancer)
Working as a Senior PHP Developer.
# Certified Laravel Developer
My preferred tool for building custom web applications. Laravel is the most popular PHP framework at the moment. It has a huge ecosystem and therefore a lot of 3rd party packages, speeding up the development process.


‘Govt. committed to welfare of fishermen, says Minister
by Special CorrespondentTourism Minister Muttamsetti Srinivasa Rao on Thursday said the State government was committed to improving the socio-economic development of fishermen.
Speaking at functions held in connection with the World Fisheries Day and district level launching of enhanced compensation of ₹10,000 to fishermen for loss of income during the annual fishing ban and increase in diesel subsidy from ₹6.03 to ₹9 per litre, he said Chief Minister Y.S. Jagan Mohan Reddy had finalised a timeframe for the implementation of various welfare measures promised in the election manifesto of the YSRCP.
Mr. Rao took part in functions held at Pudimadaka and Mangamaripeta. Earlier, fishermen of Bhimili took out a rally to celebrate the day. The Minister said the government was extending diesel subsidy to more fishermen.


|
libpqxx 4.0
|
Alias for the standard namespace "<tt>std</tt>". More...
Classes | |
| struct | numeric_limits |
| Work around lacking "limits" header. More... | |
| struct | char_traits |
| Work around missing std::char_traits. More... | |
| struct | char_traits< char > |
| Work around missing std::char_traits<char> More... | |
| struct | char_traits< unsigned char > |
| Work around missing std::char_traits<unsigned char> More... | |
| class | back_insert_iterator< pqxx::tablewriter > |
| class | allocator |
| STL class. | |
| class | auto_ptr |
| STL class. | |
| class | ios_base |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_ios |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_istream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_ostream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_iostream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_ifstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_ofstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_fstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_istringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_ostringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_stringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | ios |
| STL class. | |
| class | wios |
| STL class. | |
| class | istream |
| STL class. | |
| class | wistream |
| STL class. | |
| class | ostream |
| STL class. | |
| class | wostream |
| STL class. | |
| class | ifstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | wifstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | ofstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | wofstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | fstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | wfstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | istringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | wistringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | ostringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | wostringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | stringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | wstringstream |
| STL class. | |
| class | basic_string |
| STL class. | |
| class | string |
| STL class. | |
| class | wstring |
| STL class. | |
| class | complex |
| STL class. | |
| class | bitset |
| STL class. | |
| class | deque |
| STL class. | |
| class | list |
| STL class. | |
| class | map |
| STL class. | |
| class | multimap |
| STL class. | |
| class | set |
| STL class. | |
| class | multiset |
| STL class. | |
| class | vector |
| STL class. | |
| class | queue |
| STL class. | |
| class | priority_queue |
| STL class. | |
| class | stack |
| STL class. | |
| class | valarray |
| STL class. | |
| class | exception |
| STL class. | |
| class | bad_alloc |
| STL class. | |
| class | bad_cast |
| STL class. | |
| class | bad_typeid |
| STL class. | |
| class | logic_error |
| STL class. | |
| class | runtime_error |
| STL class. | |
| class | bad_exception |
| STL class. | |
| class | domain_error |
| STL class. | |
| class | invalid_argument |
| STL class. | |
| class | length_error |
| STL class. | |
| class | out_of_range |
| STL class. | |
| class | range_error |
| STL class. | |
| class | overflow_error |
| STL class. | |
| class | underflow_error |
| STL class. |
Alias for the standard namespace "<tt>std</tt>".
STL namespace.
This alias is used throughout libpqxx to accomodate the use of other standard library implementations than the one native to the compiler. These alternative implementations may live in separate namespaces to avoid confusion.


SampleWeb
Home
Profile
Gallery
About Me
Name:
Niño Noriel Emmanuel G. Trigo
Address:
Pangasinan
Age:
19
Gender:
Male
Status:
Single


So. Me..Where to start? Well first I'll start with the meaning behind 'Aubergine'. If you looked up Aubergine before reading this, then great!  Aubergine is a color and another name for an eggplant. Aubergine happens to be my favorite color and a name that was given to me by my CIS 215 class. The all-girls school I go to is pretty small and our CS department is comprised of about ~40 or so girls at a given time and my class, class of 2017 happens to be very close. But Aubergine was given to me because instead of calling a "purple" marker purple, I called the marker by it's rightful color, aubergine. Since then, my fellow classmates and professors have referred to me as Aubergine or simply, Auber.
Now that Aubergine has been explained, I guess I'll explain myself? Sure I guess let's talk about me! I'm Aubria (oddly close to Aubergine isn't?).I am a Computer Science Major and a wannabe Fine Art minor, the art minor thing comes and goes.


The Atlantic Current: Mapping the Virgins of Guadalupe and Remedios
Velez Malaga, Malaga, Andalucia
Verified
Vélez Málaga sits on two hills. A medieval fortress occupies one and the chapel of Our Lady of los Remedios the other. The structure was built in the 17th century.
Works cited
- “Vélez Málaga”, Wikipedia.
- “Ermita de la Virgen de los Remedios (Vélez-Málaga),” Wikipedia
- “Historia del Templo,” Turismo Velez-Malaga
Cite this article
Katherine Dau. "Velez Malaga, Malaga, Andalucia." The Atlantic Current: Mapping the Virgins of Guadalupe and Remedios. . https://dauk19.wludci.info/atlanticcurrent/article/2019-03-20-velez-malaga-andalucia/


Main page 01 Jan 2018 Minimum Barrier Salient Object Detection at 80 FPS Main page Object Scene Flow for Autonomous Vehicles Introduction Example content What's Jekyll?


Car Posters
Home
(current)
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Posters
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At some point you may wish to add more functionality to an existing JCC widget. Doing so is almost the same as creating a completely new widget (which you actually do). So, it is more correct to say 'creating a new widget based on another one' instead of only 'extending an existing one'.
Basicly, when we create a new widget, we inherit from the 'jcc.widget' base class. To use the functionality of another existing widget in our new one we only need to 'inherit' from the widget class we want to extend. Please refer to the snippet bellow or look at the source code of the 'popup' widget for implementation details.
jcc.widgets["yourWidget"] =
{
version : "1.0",
can_enhance : function(el)
{
return el.nodeName == "DIV" && el.getAttribute("data-role") == "yourWidget";
},
enhance : function(el) { if(el.yourWidget) el.yourWidget.refresh(); else new jcc.yourWidget(el).refresh(); },
unenhance : function(el) { if(el.yourWidget) el.yourWidget.destroy(); }
};
jcc.yourWidget = function(el)
{
//Inherit from 'jcc.container'
this.container = jcc.container;
//Run the constructor of 'jcc.container'
this.container(el);
//Get a copy of the 'jcc.container' methods 'refresh' and 'destroy'
this.super_refresh = this.refresh;
this.super_destroy = this.destroy;
this.refresh = function()
{
this.destroy();
//Call the 'refresh' method of the 'jcc.container' base class
this.super_refresh();
el.yourWidget = this;
//Continue applying your specific styles
...
}
this.destroy = function()
{
//Call the 'destroy' method of the 'jcc.container' base class
this.super_destroy();
if(el.yourWidget)
{
//Remove ONLY the styles you have added into the 'refresh' method of 'yourWidget'
...
delete el.yourWidget;
}
}


This is my first paragraph
This is a paragraph
This is a paragraph
This is a paragraph
This is a paragraph
This is another paragraph
This is
a para
graph with line breaks
1.3.2
Link text Visit W3Schools! Visit W3Schools! Any content Any content| row 1, cell 1 | row 1, cell 2 |
| row 2, cell 1 | row 2, cell 2 |
| Row 1, cell 1 | Row 1, cell 2 |
| Heading | Another Heading |
|---|---|
| row 1, cell 1 | row 1, cell 2 |
| row 2, cell 1 | row 2, cell 2 |
| row 1, cell 1 | row 1, cell 2 |
| row 2, cell 1 |
This text is in Verdana and red
This text is in Times and green
This text is 30 pixels high
The WHO was founded in 1948.
Written by John Doe.The Scream by Edvard Munch. Painted in 1893.
This text will be written from right to leftHere is a short quotation here is a short quotation
Here is a long quotation here is a long quotation here is a long quotation here is a long quotation here is a long quotation here is a long quotation here is a long quotation here is a long quotation here is a long quotation.


Medicare Open Enrollment: Medicare Is Stronger Than Ever
By Don Berwick, Administrator, Centers for Medicare & Medicaid Services
With the start of this year’s Medicare Open Enrollment less than two weeks away, I can’t stress one point enough: Medicare is stronger than ever. Consumers have more and better Medicare options than ever before.
Seniors this year can expect more choices, more benefits, and lower overall costs.
Because it’s a fact: 99% of you have at least one Medicare Advantage plan in your area. And everyone with Medicare can get a host of preventive tests and screenings —more than ever before — at absolutely no cost to you. Medicare also continues to cover an Annual Wellness Visit – a great chance to talk with your doctor or other health provider about treating small problems and concerns before they become big ones.
Here’s the best part: even with these improved benefits, people won’t be feeling it in their pocketbooks. Average premiums for Part D drug coverage are holding steady in 2012, and premiums for Medicare Advantage plans are actually dropping an average of 4%. And people who reach the Part D coverage gap will get a 50% discount on brand name drugs.
This is all great news for the 47 million American seniors and people with disabilities who rely on Medicare.
We know that more choices can make decisions challenging, but we’ve expanded the Medicare safety net to make sure folks can get the help they need to sift through their options. You can even get an early start — we’ve already made sure the Medicare Plan Finder is fully updated with all new 2012 cost and benefit information for health and drug plans. If you’re the kind of person who likes to get online yourself and sort through the details, you can use this online tool right now. Start by entering your drugs and checking on the doctors and pharmacies you want to use. A few steps will get you to a personalized list of your plan choices and help you compare.
If you’d rather get a personal hand walking through your choices, we’ve got help for you, too. You can call or visit one of the thousands of wonderful volunteers staffing the State Health Insurance Assistance Programs across the country.
One more way we’re going to help – every week during Open Enrollment, we’re going to have some of our top health care experts adding tips and advice to this blog, to give you some important things to consider as you weigh your choices. When Medicare Open Enrollment ends on December 7, we want every single American with Medicare to have health and drug coverage that meets their needs. Are you ready?