North by Train
March 24, 2011
traveling incognito
north by train
followed the river side, the alluvial plain
washed by trauma
this cannot help but scream
see your sneaky streak and lie
reveal your secrets
betray one another cry intermittently live
listen listen skim dig that delicious enterprise
hokey pokey general propositions rattled by trains lost on businesses
the river winds oh
the river winds
pass heritage by
my dear friends
what night will take us
who is connected and is silent to
who protects the best of our cohort
lakes and dark nights
who for years was the guardian
what power I gain I hold
oh natural phenomena begin
bring others who make shine you
you and I we were the explorers how you guided me
- the one thing I turned to as all my mind turned white
who has begun to hallucinate monsters on the floor crawling music at command now
use words correctly and be fluent in them,
my lover: know my life transformed me and yet years pass by, I am the same, I ride the same train
I have been transformed trained myself
I am saving my strength for a great fight for the boarders of our land will need
protection soon.
I want to start out once again
the future will be better and still we may not be on the right path now
who lets coffee grinds become a source of knowledge
which concepts have not given up to manipulation
which concepts remain fixed, love? even I do not understand
how to give a coherent account of it
I guess we will always come back to realizing that our language is something which is ambiguous
-not the operations of our thoughts which lead us to dilemma.
- the dilemma is that words hinder some processes, are illusory,
I don't believe I am a person in at least two respects.
I don't think I am coherent nor am afforded the rights of persons,
I don't believe words have absolute meaning, I do know being and this being is what I am talking about and to
experience being is with what I now suffer
what I desire, to be with and for now am without
- have mad elaborate fantasies to remove myself from pain of life
seen smiles that weren't there
the meaning I see it in your eyes and am wrong, read it into you incorrectly
to be so wrong about something with such delight
to drag something through the mud and exclaim it’s all right it’s meant for that
to burn to look back on and laugh
to contact and raise to your communicative awareness
there is this other place for you and that world may be
and though the architecture may not slip down nor just hang in the air
the hot surfaces shimmer and vibrate and move around the room
- people get off the train yet I don't feel lost without them, my brain must be working correctly
my lover you are for me a source for I have felt from love hurt and pain I have fallen
what life gave to us was this place
who while feel over every turn and curve in your life and not just listen with ears no.
who shares the capacity for understanding
housed the thoughts of others so clearly
who used thirty million little pixels to do their bidding
- the symbolic elements were under your fingertips
- those elements became electric set as stone by fire
- how do you remember this all will you remember
it's just a step back to the computer
- no number is ever lost but yours I cannot find
- mine I got disconnected
for all those times I lost my phone and felt so lost
after feeling lost I just gave up that thing it never helped me find but only did so represent that which is
and there is what I find
the trees, as they climb up the hill from floodplain to flood plane, grow old there
uniformed liked soldiered lines
my lover
I will protect you
that is the first thing my love will do for you
I will shield you cloak you be in love
how come you're down on your knees
how come you can't get up on your feet
I just tried to get up early and make the morning something
make your motion
pour your gasoline right on the road
and fill your tank again
you won't hear that one from me again
no.
you look like you're afraid but you're just alone
little timing takes the motion drives them home
list of things to take:
trash, cloths from the floor, all my thoughts of you.
you and I cool down
as they heat up
it comes to you in a dream like that the phenomenal experience
that is your life
what i mean you get of it
there it is there
there it is there
you saw the weather change and you were like that.
so what-
where was you heart when you we slipping and falling
how can I make love to myself if you're too restrictive with your definition of it, my love
somethings coming
somethings coming
you'll never turn to it again,
it’s just a dream.
not fearing the dark dark forest
who knows but the same ways home
reflections can be broken
high places in green mountains
cold springs
and feel removed from it all
to feel absolutely the same for so long
like our habits played for us
the only thing that changes in it is our language
with its mysteries and confusions
childhood and start a new life
outreach capture when your hand
lay or fall yourself to sleep
rest light into the night go quietly
and it falls apart at the seems from many things
any you're there
your a million little pieces and
how come you're down on your knees
how come you can't get up on your feet
I just tried to get up early and make the morning something


Enter Player Names and PRESS START!
Player #1
Player #2
Press Start
Tic Tac Toe
Messages here
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Restart Game


Overview ↑ | ↓ • Addressing
Objects are parts of a structure, such as macromolecule chains, cofactor molecules, amino acid residues, or atoms. Thus, there is a hierarchy of objects: A chain consists of residues which in turn consist of atoms. Several objects on the same hierarchy level can be combined to an object on a higher hierachy level. For instance, several residues can make up a secondary structure element, such as a helix. On a larger scale, several residues can make up a domain.
A hierarchy of structure objects allows to define structure and structural state transitions with the resolution and detail that is appropriate for understanding of function and is justified by the underlying experimental data (see als Model concept). Depending on available experimental data and flexibility of different parts of the structure, it may be appropriate to specify one domain of a peptide chain with fully atomistic detail (as a collection of atoms) and another domain, for instance a terminal loop, at lower resolution as a section of space accessible to this domain. A hierarchy of objects allows to add more detail when more information becomes available.
An object always contains chemical structure information, for instance the sequence of residues for a peptide chain or the structural topology for a cofactor. If information on a lower hierarchy level is available, the object also stores the addresses of all its child objects.
An object is related to the spatial structure by point coordinates, angles, and possibly a local frame. For a simple spherical object, such as an atom location, only the midpoint coordinates are specified. Objects at higher hierarchical levels may have more coordinates, for instance a residue can be specified by the C
For visualization, an object is related to one or more graphics objects. The type and addresses of these graphics objects are also stored with the structure object.
Objects are related to function. For instance, a certain atom or residue of a peptide chain may be involved in substrate binding or a residue may be a phosphorylation site involved in regulation. Such information, which is often known from biochemical experiments, is stored in the form of clear text annotations. Such annotations can be associated with objects on any hierarchy level. Objects can also be assigned a keyword, such as "galactose binding site" or "trimerization" or "cancerogeneous mutation" and references which mention this particular object.
Objects can be selected and then be interrogated for information stored with them. They can be modified, as happens for mutation or spin-labeling of a residue. Furthermore, objects can be visualized. They can be transformed in space, i.e., be rotated or translated with respect to the other objects. Distances, angles, and dihedral angles between objects can be displayed.
Each object in MMM has a systematic address. This address is displayed when information on an object is output. It can be used for object selection via the command line or in scripts, and also in Matlab source code. For instance, [2BHW](B)123.CA refers to the C


qppsim.AppProfile module¶
Documentation¶
Module that defines an Application Profile.
An Application Profile defines a template for applications that share their behavior in terms of data rate (defined as the combination of packet size, inter-packet interval, number of packets per session, and inter-session interval). These values are defined as tuples containing the name of a random distribution in numpy.random, and the parameters to such distribution as a list. Additionally, we can define the distribution to be ‘constant’, which will return always the first parameter in the list.
-
class
qppsim.AppProfile.
AppProfile
(name, packet_size, packet_interval, packets_session, session_interval)[source]¶ Bases:
object
Class that defines an Application Profile.
An Application Profile defines a template for applications that share their behavior in terms of data rate (defined as the combination of packet size, inter-packet interval, number of packets per session, and inter-session interval). These values are defined as tuples containing the name of a random distribution in numpy.random, and the parameters to such distribution as a list. Additionally, we can define the distribution to be ‘constant’, which will return always the first parameter in the list.
The class provides a method to generate an application instance based on this profile, by providing the UE where to install the application, and the start and stop times.
The class is hashable and comparable.
-
create_app
(name, start_time, stop_time, ue, default_bearer=False)[source]¶ Create an application instance based on this profile, with the provided start and stop time, and name. The application instance is installed in the provided UE
-
name
¶ Return the profile name
-
packet_interval
¶ Return the inter-packet interval tuple
-
packet_size
¶ Return the packet size tuple
-
packets_session
¶ Return the packets per session tuple
-
session_interval
¶ Return the inter-session interval tuple
-


That's why we're here! Our coordinated storytelling allows us to make it easy for you to find all your stories in one place, not losing them through multiple social media sites. It also makes it easier for our coordinators to be able to reach to the audience that could help them.
View Our Stories Today!Coordinators come from 19 different countries, which they can post stories from their specific country. Their stories have links to allow for donors to directly fund them.
Become a CoordinatorDonors get a view of all the stories in a order of latest stories, stories can be filtered by country to ensure you can find your specific coordinator. Donors are given the option to donate, allowing them to support stories they like.
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Open Historical Map Slippy Maps Library
This is a small slippy maps library for Open Historical Map made for the Open Heritage Map project during #oSoc19.
CDN
To use the library, insert the following lines in your
tags.
Order matters, so don't change it.
<link rel="stylesheet"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>integrity="sha512-xwE/Az9zrjBIphAcBb3F6JVqxf46+CDLwfLMHloNu6KEQCAWi6HcDUbeOfBIptF7tcCzusKFjFw2yuvEpDL9wQ=="
crossorigin="" />

Adding a map
To display a map, create a new div and give it a unique id
, like id="slippy-map"
.
The map's height and width will depend on the div's, so style the div with the desired height
and width
.

The last step is to call showMap
to display the map.
showMap
takes 2 argument, the first one is mandatory and the second one is optional.
- The ID of the div that should become the map. e.g.
slippy-map
like above. - A configuration object. If none is provided,
showMap
will use the default configuration.

The map's div can have special attributes to change the behaviour of the map. Here's a list of all currently supported attributes + examples.
center="[number, number]
: centers the map on some coordinates. *center="[50.605902641613284, 4.752960205078125]"
zoom="number"
: sets the zoom level of the map. This should be a positive number, usually between 2 and 20.zoom="15"
tileLayer="url"
: This one's a bit more advanced. This is used to override the tile layer (the actual map). If you don't know how tile layers work, you should probably not change it.tileLayer="https://{s}.tile.openstreetmap.org/{z}/{x}/{y}.png"
tileLayerAttribution="text"
: Changes the tileLayer's attribution. If you didn't change the tileLayer, changing it is not recommended.tileLayer="OpenStreetMap contributors"
maxElements="number"
: Limits the number of features that can appear on screen. Use"0"
to remove the limit, else use a positive integer to set a limit.maxElements="500"
: Maximum 500 features can be shown on screenmaxElements="0"
: An unlimited number of feature can appear on screen.
focusOn="query"
: Performs a nominatim search forquery
and centers the map on the first result. (See thefocusOn
function below)focusOn="Bruxelles"
: Centers the map on BrusselsfocusOn="Kortrijk"
: Centers the map on KortrijkfocusOn="Herman Teirlinckgebouw"
: Centers the map on the Herman Teirlinck building in Brussels.
Changing div attributes is great if you want to touch as little Javascript as possible. However, for maximum control over the map, use the Configuration object.
Please note that the Configuration
is only used at map creation and when querying for features, so changing the configuration after the map has been shown will not change it! After the map has been created, you'll need to use Leaflet methods or functions such as focusOn
and queryAndShowFeatures
to change it.
Showing features
To show features on the map, add an event listener for the drawmarkers
event. In that listener, call queryAndShowFeatures
.
queryAndShowFeatures
takes 3 parameters.
- The Leaflet map instance
- An Overpass query. You can write one manually if you have experience with Overpass, or you can use
getSimpleQuery
.getSimpleQuery
can create a basic query for you. If you give it no parameters, it'll return a query for every single node in the area. If you give it akey
andvalue
parameter, it'll only return elements that have thatkey
andvalue
.- For example,
getSimpleQuery("craft", "brewery")
will generate a query that will return every brewery.
- For example,
- Note: You can (and should) use the
{{bbox}}
substitution in the query.
- The
Configuration
object (can be omitted, if that's the case, the default configuration is used).
Example usage:
// Shows all breweries in the area.
map.addEventListener('drawmarkers', function() {
queryAndShowFeatures(map, getSimpleQuery("craft", "brewery"));
});
The drawmarkers
event is an extension of the Leaflet moveened
event. It is called each time we need to redraw the markers on the map.
drawmarkers
is only fired if:
- It's the first time we move/display the map
- If we move the map outside of an area around the current viewbox; the leeway is determined by
Configuration.boundsPadding
.- To put it simply, when we query for features, we get every feature in the area plus a little more. If we move to an area for which we have no information about markers, the event if fired again to fetch the markers for that area.
Centering the map
There's 2 ways to center the map, a precise one, and a query-based one.
Note: The following lines assume that the variable containing the map is called map
- To center the map on some precise coordinates, use
map.setCenter([lat, lon])
.- Example:
map.setCenter([50.605902641613284, 4.752960205078125])
- Example:
- To center the map using a query, use
focusOn(map, query)
wherequery
is a string containing a query. The query can be anything you want.
Popups
Popup texts can be customized by changing the popupTextProvider
function in the Configuration
object you're passing to queryAndShowFeatures
.
See PopupTextProvider
, Configuration.popupTextProvider
and defaultPopupTextProvider
for more information.


New password day! So I'll just be tweeting from my phone instead of working when I get locked out.
3/20/2017, 9:23:45 AM
Favs: 4
Retweets: 0
link--- layout: tweet ---
New password day! So I'll just be tweeting from my phone instead of working when I get locked out.
3/20/2017, 9:23:45 AM
Favs: 4
Retweets: 0
link


CirQle is a community of quantum computing researchers, developers and enthusiasts.
Project Coordinator
2019-2020
Coordinated the design and development of over 30+ projects for TESLA'19 and TESLA'20. TESLA is the technical fest of Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering Trivandrum.
Associate Editor
2019
Served as the Associate Editor of GRID Vol.1, the offical magazine of Department of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering Trivandrum.
Technical Coordinator
2019-2020
Served as the Technical Coordinator in the IEEE SB CET 2019-20 Execom.


val codeVerification: SourceCodeVerification?
Information related to the code verification flow. Present if the source is authenticated by a verification code (flow is code_verification).
flow
code_verification


A game where "real-life" needs must be balanced with virtual activities in order to stay sane during a worldwide pandemic.
My Quarantine Life was made as the final project for my Game Design Workshop class. This was a solo project, so I was responsible for all aspects.


|
Contiki 2.5
|
The Contiki ELF loader links, relocates, and loads ELF (Executable Linkable Format) object files into a running Contiki system. More...
Data Structures | |
| struct | elfloader_output |
| elfloader output object More... | |
Modules | |
| Architecture specific functionality for the ELF loader. | |
The architecture specific functionality for the Contiki ELF loader has to be implemented for each processor type Contiki runs on. | |
Files | |
| file | elfloader.h |
Header file for the Contiki ELF loader. | |
| file | elfloader-otf.h |
Header file for the Contiki ELF loader. | |
Defines | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_OK 0 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that loading worked. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_BAD_ELF_HEADER 1 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that the ELF file had a bad header. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_NO_SYMTAB 2 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that no symbol table could be found in the ELF file. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_NO_STRTAB 3 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that no string table could be found in the ELF file. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_NO_TEXT 4 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that the size of the .text segment was zero. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_SYMBOL_NOT_FOUND 5 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that a symbol specific symbol could not be found. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_SEGMENT_NOT_FOUND 6 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that one of the required segments (.data, .bss, or .text) could not be found. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_NO_STARTPOINT 7 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that no starting point could be found in the loaded module. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_OK 0 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that loading worked. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_BAD_ELF_HEADER 1 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that the ELF file had a bad header. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_NO_SYMTAB 2 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that no symbol table could be find in the ELF file. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_NO_STRTAB 3 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that no string table could be find in the ELF file. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_NO_TEXT 4 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that the size of the .text segment was zero. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_SYMBOL_NOT_FOUND 5 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that a symbol specific symbol could not be found. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_SEGMENT_NOT_FOUND 6 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that one of the required segments (.data, .bss, or .text) could not be found. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_NO_STARTPOINT 7 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that no starting point could be found in the loaded module. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_UNHANDLED_RELOC 8 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that the ELF file contained a relocation type that the implementation can't handle. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_OUTOF_RANGE 9 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that the offset for a relative addressing mode was too big. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_RELOC_NOT_SORTED 10 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that the relocations where not sorted by offset. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_INPUT_ERROR 11 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that reading from the ELF file failed in some way. | |
| #define | ELFLOADER_OUTPUT_ERROR 12 |
| Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that writing to a segment failed. | |
Functions | |
| void | elfloader_init (void) |
| elfloader initialization function. | |
| int | elfloader_load (int fd) |
| Load and relocate an ELF file. | |
| void * | elfloader_allocate_segment (struct elfloader_output *output, unsigned int type, int size) |
| Allocate a new segment. | |
| int | elfloader_start_segment (struct elfloader_output *output, unsigned int type, void *addr, int size) |
| Start writing to a new segment. | |
| int | elfloader_end_segment (struct elfloader_output *output) |
| Mark end of segment. | |
| int | elfloader_write_segment (struct elfloader_output *output, const char *buf, unsigned int len) |
| Write data to a segment. | |
| unsigned int | elfloader_segment_offset (struct elfloader_output *output) |
| Get the current offset in the file where the next data will be written. | |
| int | elfloader_load (int input_fd, struct elfloader_output *output) |
| Load and relocate an ELF file. | |
Variables | |
| struct process *const | elfloader_autostart_processes |
| A pointer to the processes loaded with elfloader_load(). | |
| char | elfloader_unknown [30] |
| If elfloader_load() could not find a specific symbol, it is copied into this array. | |
| struct process ** | elfloader_autostart_processes |
| A pointer to the processes loaded with elfloader_load(). | |
| char | elfloader_unknown [30] |
| If elfloader_load() could not find a specific symbol, it is copied into this array. |
The Contiki ELF loader links, relocates, and loads ELF (Executable Linkable Format) object files into a running Contiki system.
ELF is a standard format for relocatable object code and executable files. ELF is the standard program format for Linux, Solaris, and other operating systems.
An ELF file contains either a standalone executable program or a program module. The file contains both the program code, the program data, as well as information about how to link, relocate, and load the program into a running system.
The ELF file is composed of a set of sections. The sections contain program code, data, or relocation information, but can also contain debugging information.
To link and relocate an ELF file, the Contiki ELF loader first parses the ELF file structure to find the appropriate ELF sections. It then allocates memory for the program code and data in ROM and RAM, respectively. After allocating memory, the Contiki ELF loader starts relocating the code found in the ELF file.
| #define ELFLOADER_SYMBOL_NOT_FOUND 5 |
Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that a symbol specific symbol could not be found.
If this value is returned from elfloader_load(), the symbol has been copied into the elfloader_unknown[] array.
Definition at line 113 of file elfloader-otf.h.
| #define ELFLOADER_SYMBOL_NOT_FOUND 5 |
Return value from elfloader_load() indicating that a symbol specific symbol could not be found.
If this value is returned from elfloader_load(), the symbol has been copied into the elfloader_unknown[] array.
Definition at line 111 of file elfloader.h.
| void* elfloader_allocate_segment | ( | struct elfloader_output * | output, |
| unsigned int | type, | ||
| int | size | ||
| ) |
Allocate a new segment.
| input | The output object |
| type | Type of segment |
| size | Size of segment in bytes |
The returned address doesn't need to correspond to any real memory, since it's only used for calculating the relocations.
| int elfloader_end_segment | ( | struct elfloader_output * | output | ) |
Mark end of segment.
| input | The output object |
| void elfloader_init | ( | void | ) |
elfloader initialization function.
This function should be called at boot up to initialize the elfloader.
This function should be called at boot up to initilize the elfloader.
Definition at line 316 of file elfloader.c.
References elfloader_autostart_processes, and NULL.
| int elfloader_load | ( | int | input_fd, |
| struct elfloader_output * | output | ||
| ) |
Load and relocate an ELF file.
| input | Input object defining how to read from the ELF file |
| output | Output object defining how to create and write to seegments. |
If the function is able to load the ELF file, a pointer to the process structure in the model is stored in the elfloader_loaded_process variable.
Definition at line 398 of file elfloader-otf.c.
References elfloader_autostart_processes, ELFLOADER_BAD_ELF_HEADER, ELFLOADER_INPUT_ERROR, ELFLOADER_NO_STARTPOINT, ELFLOADER_NO_STRTAB, ELFLOADER_NO_SYMTAB, ELFLOADER_NO_TEXT, ELFLOADER_OK, ELFLOADER_OUTPUT_ERROR, elfloader_unknown, and NULL.
| int elfloader_load | ( | int | fd | ) |
Load and relocate an ELF file.
| fd | An open CFS file descriptor. |
This function loads and relocates an ELF file. The ELF file must have been opened with cfs_open() prior to calling this function.
If the function is able to load the ELF file, a pointer to the process structure in the model is stored in the elfloader_loaded_process variable.
Definition at line 338 of file elfloader.c.
References elfloader_arch_allocate_ram(), elfloader_arch_allocate_rom(), elfloader_arch_write_rom(), elfloader_autostart_processes, ELFLOADER_BAD_ELF_HEADER, ELFLOADER_NO_STARTPOINT, ELFLOADER_NO_STRTAB, ELFLOADER_NO_SYMTAB, ELFLOADER_NO_TEXT, ELFLOADER_OK, elfloader_unknown, and NULL.
| unsigned int elfloader_segment_offset | ( | struct elfloader_output * | output | ) |
Get the current offset in the file where the next data will be written.
| input | The output object |
| int elfloader_start_segment | ( | struct elfloader_output * | output, |
| unsigned int | type, | ||
| void * | addr, | ||
| int | size | ||
| ) |
Start writing to a new segment.
| input | The output object |
| type | Type of segment |
| addr | Address of segment from elfloader_allocate_segment |
| size | Size of segment in bytes |
| int elfloader_write_segment | ( | struct elfloader_output * | output, |
| const char * | buf, | ||
| unsigned int | len | ||
| ) |
Write data to a segment.
| input | The output object |
| buf | Data to be written |
| len | Length of data |


Java Console |
Java Console includes the following topics:
Java Console is a simple debugging aid that redirects any System.out
and System.err
to the console window. It is available for applets
running with Java Plug-in and applications running with Java Web Start.
Java Console provides various options as shown below to make applet and application debugging easier.
An action/option is selected by typing its letter/number while the Java Console window has focus.
|
Key
|
Description
|
| c: | Clears the Java Console window. |
| f: | Triggers finalization on the objects in the finalization queue and then displays memory information. Memory refers to the current heap size used by the JRE. Free is the available memory that is free in the heap. The percent (xx%) is the free memory as a percent of the total heap size. |
| g: | Triggers garbage collection and displays memory information as described above. |
| h: | Displays help message, which is being described here. |
| l: | Displays a list of the cached ClassLoader objects in the
Java Plug-in. (These are runtime objects cached in semiconductor memory,
not on disk, and should not be confused with the cached JAR files mentioned
in Applet Caching.) Classes are cached
to avoid having to load them again when returning to previously-visited
pages. When a page is visited the first time, a ClassLoader
object will be created and all of the classes that are downloaded will be
cached in that object. These objects are created and cached according to
their codebase . To identify a ClassLoader object,
the "classloader list" displays the codebase for
that object. Additional information displayed with a ClassLoader
object includes zombie , cache and info .
zombie = true indicates that a ClassLoader object
is not being used (i.e., the applet is not currently loaded on the page).
cache = true indicates that the applet should be cached, while
false indicates that the applet will be destroyed when the
page is left. info is a value used for debugging. |
| m: | Displays heap memory usage as described above. |
| o: | Triggers logging, which directs output from the Java Plug-in Console to a log file. |
| p: | Reloads the proxy configuration. |
| q: | Causes the Java Console to disapper from the main screen. |
| r: | Reloads the policy configuration. |
| s: | Prints out the system properties. This is mostly for debugging. |
| t: | Prints out all the existing thread groups. The first group shown is Group
main . ac stands for active count; it is the total
number of active threads in a thread group and its child thread groups.
agc stands for active group count; it is the number
of active child thread groups of a thread group. pri stands
for priority; it is the priority of a thread group. Following Group
main , other thread groups will be shown as Group < name> ,
where name is the URL associated with an applet. Individual listings
of threads will show the thread name, the thread priority, alive
if the thread is alive or destroyed if the thread is in the
process of being destroyed, and daemon if the thread is a daemon
thread. |
| x: |
This removes (destroys) all Modified jar files will be downloaded from the server when a page with an applet is refreshed or revisited if you first do this: type "x" in the Java Console to clear the Classloader cache. |
| 0-5: | This sets the trace-level options as described in the next section, Tracing and Logging. |
When Java Plug-in is running an icon is displayedin the taskbar for Windows or on the desktop for Solaris. When right-clicked, a menu option displays, allowing the user to Open/Hide the Java Console. Thus the user can open and hide the Java Console any number of times within the same browser session.
Java Console may be shown, hidden, or not started at startup time, as configured through the Java Control Panel in the Advanced tab.


SCENE I. A hall in LEONATO'S house.
Enter LEONATO, ANTONIO, HERO, BEATRICE, and others
- LEONATO
- Was not Count John here at supper?
- ANTONIO
- I saw him not.
- BEATRICE
- How tartly that gentleman looks! I never can see
- him but I am heart-burned an hour after.
- HERO
- He is of a very melancholy disposition.
- BEATRICE
- He were an excellent man that were made just in the
- midway between him and Benedick: the one is too
- like an image and says nothing, and the other too
- like my lady's eldest son, evermore tattling.
- LEONATO
- Then half Signior Benedick's tongue in Count John's
- mouth, and half Count John's melancholy in Signior
- Benedick's face —
- BEATRICE
- With a good leg and a good foot, uncle, and money
- enough in his purse, such a man would win any woman
- in the world, if a' could get her good-will.
- LEONATO
- By my troth, niece, thou wilt never get thee a
- husband, if thou be so shrewd of thy tongue.
- ANTONIO
- In faith, she's too curst.
- BEATRICE
- Too curst is more than curst: I shall lessen God's
- sending that way; for it is said, 'God sends a curst
- cow short horns;' but to a cow too curst he sends none.
- LEONATO
- So, by being too curst, God will send you no horns.
- BEATRICE
- Just, if he send me no husband; for the which
- blessing I am at him upon my knees every morning and
- evening. Lord, I could not endure a husband with a
- beard on his face: I had rather lie in the woollen.
- LEONATO
- You may light on a husband that hath no beard.
- BEATRICE
- What should I do with him? dress him in my apparel
- and make him my waiting-gentlewoman? He that hath a
- beard is more than a youth, and he that hath no
- beard is less than a man: and he that is more than
- a youth is not for me, and he that is less than a
- man, I am not for him: therefore, I will even take
- sixpence in earnest of the bear-ward, and lead his
- apes into hell.
- LEONATO
- Well, then, go you into hell?
- BEATRICE
- No, but to the gate; and there will the devil meet
- me, like an old cuckold, with horns on his head, and
- say 'Get you to heaven, Beatrice, get you to
- heaven; here's no place for you maids:' so deliver
- I up my apes, and away to Saint Peter for the
- heavens; he shows me where the bachelors sit, and
- there live we as merry as the day is long.
- ANTONIO
- To HERO Well, niece, I trust you will be ruled
- by your father.
- BEATRICE
- Yes, faith; it is my cousin's duty to make curtsy
- and say 'Father, as it please you.' But yet for all
- that, cousin, let him be a handsome fellow, or else
- make another curtsy and say 'Father, as it please
- me.'
- LEONATO
- Well, niece, I hope to see you one day fitted with a husband.
- BEATRICE
- Not till God make men of some other metal than
- earth. Would it not grieve a woman to be
- overmastered with a pierce of valiant dust? to make
- an account of her life to a clod of wayward marl?
- No, uncle, I'll none: Adam's sons are my brethren;
- and, truly, I hold it a sin to match in my kindred.
- LEONATO
- Daughter, remember what I told you: if the prince
- do solicit you in that kind, you know your answer.
- BEATRICE
- The fault will be in the music, cousin, if you be
- not wooed in good time: if the prince be too
- important, tell him there is measure in every thing
- and so dance out the answer. For, hear me, Hero:
- wooing, wedding, and repenting, is as a Scotch jig,
- a measure, and a cinque pace: the first suit is hot
- and hasty, like a Scotch jig, and full as
- fantastical; the wedding, mannerly-modest, as a
- measure, full of state and ancientry; and then comes
- repentance and, with his bad legs, falls into the
- cinque pace faster and faster, till he sink into his grave.
- LEONATO
- Cousin, you apprehend passing shrewdly.
- BEATRICE
- I have a good eye, uncle; I can see a church by daylight.
- LEONATO
- The revellers are entering, brother: make good room.
All put on their masks
Enter DON PEDRO, CLAUDIO, BENEDICK, BALTHASAR,
DON JOHN, BORACHIO, MARGARET, URSULA and others, masked
- DON PEDRO
- Lady, will you walk about with your friend?
- HERO
- So you walk softly and look sweetly and say nothing,
- I am yours for the walk; and especially when I walk away.
- DON PEDRO
- With me in your company?
- HERO
- I may say so, when I please.
- DON PEDRO
- And when please you to say so?
- HERO
- When I like your favour; for God defend the lute
- should be like the case!
- DON PEDRO
- My visor is Philemon's roof; within the house is Jove.
- HERO
- Why, then, your visor should be thatched.
- DON PEDRO
- Speak low, if you speak love.
Drawing her aside
- BALTHASAR
- Well, I would you did like me.
- MARGARET
- So would not I, for your own sake; for I have many
- ill-qualities.
- BALTHASAR
- Which is one?
- MARGARET
- I say my prayers aloud.
- BALTHASAR
- I love you the better: the hearers may cry, Amen.
- MARGARET
- God match me with a good dancer!
- BALTHASAR
- Amen.
- MARGARET
- And God keep him out of my sight when the dance is
- done! Answer, clerk.
- BALTHASAR
- No more words: the clerk is answered.
- URSULA
- I know you well enough; you are Signior Antonio.
- ANTONIO
- At a word, I am not.

- ANTONIO
- To tell you true, I counterfeit him.
- URSULA
- You could never do him so ill-well, unless you were
- the very man. Here's his dry hand up and down: you
- are he, you are he.
- ANTONIO
- At a word, I am not.
- URSULA
- Come, come, do you think I do not know you by your
- excellent wit? can virtue hide itself?

- BENEDICK
- No, you shall pardon me.

- BENEDICK
- Not now.
- BEATRICE
- That I was disdainful, and that I had my good wit
- out of the 'Hundred Merry Tales:' — well this was
- Signior Benedick that said so.
- BENEDICK
- What's he?
- BEATRICE
- I am sure you know him well enough.
- BENEDICK
- Not I, believe me.
- BEATRICE
- Did he never make you laugh?
- BENEDICK
- I pray you, what is he?
- BEATRICE
- Why, he is the prince's jester: a very dull fool;
- only his gift is in devising impossible slanders:
- none but libertines delight in him; and the
- commendation is not in his wit, but in his villany;
- for he both pleases men and angers them, and then
- they laugh at him and beat him. I am sure he is in
- the fleet: I would he had boarded me.
- BENEDICK
- When I know the gentleman, I'll tell him what you say.
- BEATRICE
- Do, do: he'll but break a comparison or two on me;
- which, peradventure not marked or not laughed at,
- strikes him into melancholy; and then there's a
- partridge wing saved, for the fool will eat no
- supper that night.
- Music
- We must follow the leaders.
- BENEDICK
- In every good thing.
- BEATRICE
- Nay, if they lead to any ill, I will leave them at
- the next turning.
Dance. Then exeunt all except DON JOHN, BORACHIO,
and CLAUDIO
- DON JOHN
- Sure my brother is amorous on Hero and hath
- withdrawn her father to break with him about it.
- The ladies follow her and but one visor remains.
- BORACHIO
- And that is Claudio: I know him by his bearing.
- DON JOHN
- Are not you Signior Benedick?
- CLAUDIO
- You know me well; I am he.
- DON JOHN
- Signior, you are very near my brother in his love:
- he is enamoured on Hero; I pray you, dissuade him
- from her: she is no equal for his birth: you may
- do the part of an honest man in it.
- CLAUDIO
- How know you he loves her?
- DON JOHN
- I heard him swear his affection.
- BORACHIO
- So did I too; and he swore he would marry her to-night.
- DON JOHN
- Come, let us to the banquet.
Exeunt DON JOHN and BORACHIO
- CLAUDIO
- Thus answer I in the name of Benedick,
- But hear these ill news with the ears of Claudio.
- 'Tis certain so; the prince wooes for himself.
- Friendship is constant in all other things
- Save in the office and affairs of love:
- Therefore, all hearts in love use their own tongues;
- Let every eye negotiate for itself
- And trust no agent; for beauty is a witch
- Against whose charms faith melteth into blood.
- This is an accident of hourly proof,
- Which I mistrusted not. Farewell, therefore, Hero!
Re-enter BENEDICK
- BENEDICK
- Count Claudio?
- CLAUDIO
- Yea, the same.
- BENEDICK
- Come, will you go with me?
- CLAUDIO
- Whither?
- BENEDICK
- Even to the next willow, about your own business,
- county. What fashion will you wear the garland of?
- about your neck, like an usurer's chain? or under
- your arm, like a lieutenant's scarf? You must wear
- it one way, for the prince hath got your Hero.
- CLAUDIO
- I wish him joy of her.
- BENEDICK
- Why, that's spoken like an honest drovier: so they
- sell bullocks. But did you think the prince would
- have served you thus?
- CLAUDIO
- I pray you, leave me.
- BENEDICK
- Ho! now you strike like the blind man: 'twas the
- boy that stole your meat, and you'll beat the post.
- CLAUDIO
- If it will not be, I'll leave you.
Exit
- BENEDICK
- Alas, poor hurt fowl! now will he creep into sedges.
- But that my Lady Beatrice should know me, and not
- know me! The prince's fool! Ha? It may be I go
- under that title because I am merry. Yea, but so I
- am apt to do myself wrong; I am not so reputed: it
- is the base, though bitter, disposition of Beatrice
- that puts the world into her person and so gives me
- out. Well, I'll be revenged as I may.
Re-enter DON PEDRO
- DON PEDRO
- Now, signior, where's the count? did you see him?
- BENEDICK
- Troth, my lord, I have played the part of Lady Fame.
- I found him here as melancholy as a lodge in a
- warren: I told him, and I think I told him true,
- that your grace had got the good will of this young
- lady; and I offered him my company to a willow-tree,
- either to make him a garland, as being forsaken, or
- to bind him up a rod, as being worthy to be whipped.
- DON PEDRO
- To be whipped! What's his fault?
- BENEDICK
- The flat transgression of a schoolboy, who, being
- overjoyed with finding a birds' nest, shows it his
- companion, and he steals it.
- DON PEDRO
- Wilt thou make a trust a transgression? The
- transgression is in the stealer.
- BENEDICK
- Yet it had not been amiss the rod had been made,
- and the garland too; for the garland he might have
- worn himself, and the rod he might have bestowed on
- you, who, as I take it, have stolen his birds' nest.
- DON PEDRO
- I will but teach them to sing, and restore them to
- the owner.
- BENEDICK
- If their singing answer your saying, by my faith,
- you say honestly.
- DON PEDRO
- The Lady Beatrice hath a quarrel to you: the
- gentleman that danced with her told her she is much
- wronged by you.
- BENEDICK
- O, she misused me past the endurance of a block!
- an oak but with one green leaf on it would have
- answered her; my very visor began to assume life and
- scold with her. She told me, not thinking I had been
- myself, that I was the prince's jester, that I was
- duller than a great thaw; huddling jest upon jest
- with such impossible conveyance upon me that I stood
- like a man at a mark, with a whole army shooting at
- me. She speaks poniards, and every word stabs:
- if her breath were as terrible as her terminations,
- there were no living near her; she would infect to
- the north star. I would not marry her, though she
- were endowed with all that Adam bad left him before
- he transgressed: she would have made Hercules have
- turned spit, yea, and have cleft his club to make
- the fire too. Come, talk not of her: you shall find
- her the infernal Ate in good apparel. I would to God
- some scholar would conjure her; for certainly, while
- she is here, a man may live as quiet in hell as in a
- sanctuary; and people sin upon purpose, because they
- would go thither; so, indeed, all disquiet, horror
- and perturbation follows her.
- DON PEDRO
- Look, here she comes.
Enter CLAUDIO, BEATRICE, HERO, and LEONATO
- BENEDICK
- Will your grace command me any service to the
- world's end? I will go on the slightest errand now
- to the Antipodes that you can devise to send me on;
- I will fetch you a tooth-picker now from the
- furthest inch of Asia, bring you the length of
- Prester John's foot, fetch you a hair off the great
- Cham's beard, do you any embassage to the Pigmies,
- rather than hold three words' conference with this
- harpy. You have no employment for me?
- DON PEDRO
- None, but to desire your good company.
- BENEDICK
- O God, sir, here's a dish I love not: I cannot
- endure my Lady Tongue.
Exit
- DON PEDRO
- Come, lady, come; you have lost the heart of
- Signior Benedick.
- BEATRICE
- Indeed, my lord, he lent it me awhile; and I gave
- him use for it, a double heart for his single one:
- marry, once before he won it of me with false dice,
- therefore your grace may well say I have lost it.
- DON PEDRO
- You have put him down, lady, you have put him down.
- BEATRICE
- So I would not he should do me, my lord, lest I
- should prove the mother of fools. I have brought
- Count Claudio, whom you sent me to seek.
- DON PEDRO
- Why, how now, count! wherefore are you sad?
- CLAUDIO
- Not sad, my lord.
- DON PEDRO
- How then? sick?
- CLAUDIO
- Neither, my lord.
- BEATRICE
- The count is neither sad, nor sick, nor merry, nor
- well; but civil count, civil as an orange, and
- something of that jealous complexion.
- DON PEDRO
- I' faith, lady, I think your blazon to be true;
- though, I'll be sworn, if he be so, his conceit is
- false. Here, Claudio, I have wooed in thy name, and
- fair Hero is won: I have broke with her father,
- and his good will obtained: name the day of
- marriage, and God give thee joy!
- LEONATO
- Count, take of me my daughter, and with her my
- fortunes: his grace hath made the match, and an
- grace say Amen to it.
- BEATRICE
- Speak, count, 'tis your cue.
- CLAUDIO
- Silence is the perfectest herald of joy: I were
- but little happy, if I could say how much. Lady, as
- you are mine, I am yours: I give away myself for
- you and dote upon the exchange.
- BEATRICE
- Speak, cousin; or, if you cannot, stop his mouth
- with a kiss, and let not him speak neither.
- DON PEDRO
- In faith, lady, you have a merry heart.
- BEATRICE
- Yea, my lord; I thank it, poor fool, it keeps on
- the windy side of care. My cousin tells him in his
- ear that he is in her heart.
- CLAUDIO
- And so she doth, cousin.
- BEATRICE
- Good Lord, for alliance! Thus goes every one to the
- world but I, and I am sunburnt; I may sit in a
- corner and cry heigh-ho for a husband!
- DON PEDRO
- Lady Beatrice, I will get you one.
- BEATRICE
- I would rather have one of your father's getting.
- Hath your grace ne'er a brother like you? Your
- father got excellent husbands, if a maid could come by them.
- DON PEDRO
- Will you have me, lady?
- BEATRICE
- No, my lord, unless I might have another for
- working-days: your grace is too costly to wear
- every day. But, I beseech your grace, pardon me: I
- was born to speak all mirth and no matter.
- DON PEDRO
- Your silence most offends me, and to be merry best
- becomes you; for, out of question, you were born in
- a merry hour.
- BEATRICE
- No, sure, my lord, my mother cried; but then there
- was a star danced, and under that was I born.
- Cousins, God give you joy!
- LEONATO
- Niece, will you look to those things I told you of?
 By your grace's pardon.
Exit
- DON PEDRO
- By my troth, a pleasant-spirited lady.
- LEONATO
- There's little of the melancholy element in her, my
- lord: she is never sad but when she sleeps, and
- not ever sad then; for I have heard my daughter say,
- she hath often dreamed of unhappiness and waked
- herself with laughing.
- DON PEDRO
- She cannot endure to hear tell of a husband.
- LEONATO
- O, by no means: she mocks all her wooers out of suit.
- DON PEDRO
- She were an excellent wife for Benedict.
- LEONATO
- O Lord, my lord, if they were but a week married,
- they would talk themselves mad.
- DON PEDRO
- County Claudio, when mean you to go to church?
- CLAUDIO
- To-morrow, my lord: time goes on crutches till love
- have all his rites.
- LEONATO
- Not till Monday, my dear son, which is hence a just
- seven-night; and a time too brief, too, to have all
- things answer my mind.
- DON PEDRO
- Come, you shake the head at so long a breathing:
- but, I warrant thee, Claudio, the time shall not go
- dully by us. I will in the interim undertake one of
- Hercules' labours; which is, to bring Signior
- Benedick and the Lady Beatrice into a mountain of
- affection the one with the other. I would fain have
- it a match, and I doubt not but to fashion it, if
- you three will but minister such assistance as I
- shall give you direction.
- LEONATO
- My lord, I am for you, though it cost me ten
- nights' watchings.
- CLAUDIO
- And I, my lord.
- DON PEDRO
- And you too, gentle Hero?
- HERO
- I will do any modest office, my lord, to help my
- cousin to a good husband.
- DON PEDRO
- And Benedick is not the unhopefullest husband that
- I know. Thus far can I praise him; he is of a noble
- strain, of approved valour and confirmed honesty. I
- will teach you how to humour your cousin, that she
- shall fall in love with Benedick; and I, with your
- two helps, will so practise on Benedick that, in
- despite of his quick wit and his queasy stomach, he
- shall fall in love with Beatrice. If we can do this,
- Cupid is no longer an archer: his glory shall be
- ours, for we are the only love-gods.
Exeunt
SCENE III. LEONATO'S orchard.
Enter BENEDICK
- BENEDICK
- Boy!
Enter Boy
- Boy
- Signior?

- Boy
- I am here already, sir.
- BENEDICK
- I know that; but I would have thee hence, and here again.
- Exit Boy
- I do much wonder that one man, seeing how much
- another man is a fool when he dedicates his
- behaviors to love, will, after he hath laughed at
- such shallow follies in others, become the argument
- of his own scorn by failing in love: and such a man
- is Claudio. I have known when there was no music
- with him but the drum and the fife; and now had he
- rather hear the tabour and the pipe: I have known
- when he would have walked ten mile a-foot to see a
- good armour; and now will he lie ten nights awake,
- carving the fashion of a new doublet. He was wont to
- speak plain and to the purpose, like an honest man
- and a soldier; and now is he turned orthography; his
- words are a very fantastical banquet, just so many
- strange dishes. May I be so converted and see with
- these eyes? I cannot tell; I think not: I will not
- be sworn, but love may transform me to an oyster; but
- I'll take my oath on it, till he have made an oyster
- of me, he shall never make me such a fool. One woman
- is fair, yet I am well; another is wise, yet I am
- well; another virtuous, yet I am well; but till all
- graces be in one woman, one woman shall not come in
- my grace. Rich she shall be, that's certain; wise,
- or I'll none; virtuous, or I'll never cheapen her;
- fair, or I'll never look on her; mild, or come not
- near me; noble, or not I for an angel; of good
- discourse, an excellent musician, and her hair shall
- be of what colour it please God. Ha! the prince and
- Monsieur Love! I will hide me in the arbour.
Withdraws
Enter DON PEDRO, CLAUDIO, and LEONATO
- DON PEDRO
- Come, shall we hear this music?
- CLAUDIO
- Yea, my good lord. How still the evening is,
- As hush'd on purpose to grace harmony!
- DON PEDRO
- See you where Benedick hath hid himself?
- CLAUDIO
- O, very well, my lord: the music ended,
- We'll fit the kid-fox with a pennyworth.
Enter BALTHASAR with Music
- DON PEDRO
- Come, Balthasar, we'll hear that song again.
- BALTHASAR
- O, good my lord, tax not so bad a voice
- To slander music any more than once.
- DON PEDRO
- It is the witness still of excellency
- To put a strange face on his own perfection.
- I pray thee, sing, and let me woo no more.
- BALTHASAR
- Because you talk of wooing, I will sing;
- Since many a wooer doth commence his suit
- To her he thinks not worthy, yet he wooes,
- Yet will he swear he loves.
- DON PEDRO
- Now, pray thee, come;
- Or, if thou wilt hold longer argument,
- Do it in notes.
- BALTHASAR
- Note this before my notes;
- There's not a note of mine that's worth the noting.
- DON PEDRO
- Why, these are very crotchets that he speaks;
- Note, notes, forsooth, and nothing.
Air
- BENEDICK
- Now, divine air! now is his soul ravished! Is it
- not strange that sheeps' guts should hale souls out
- of men's bodies? Well, a horn for my money, when
- all's done.
The Song
- BALTHASAR
- Sigh no more, ladies, sigh no more,
- Men were deceivers ever,
- One foot in sea and one on shore,
- To one thing constant never:
- Then sigh not so, but let them go,
- And be you blithe and bonny,
- Converting all your sounds of woe
- Into Hey nonny, nonny.
- Sing no more ditties, sing no moe,
- Of dumps so dull and heavy;
- The fraud of men was ever so,
- Since summer first was leafy:
- Then sigh not so, etc..
- DON PEDRO
- By my troth, a good song.
- BALTHASAR
- And an ill singer, my lord.
- DON PEDRO
- Ha, no, no, faith; thou singest well enough for a shift.
- BENEDICK
- An he had been a dog that should have howled thus,
- they would have hanged him: and I pray God his bad
- voice bode no mischief. I had as lief have heard the
- night-raven, come what plague could have come after
- it.
- DON PEDRO
- Yea, marry, dost thou hear, Balthasar? I pray thee,
- get us some excellent music; for to-morrow night we
- would have it at the Lady Hero's chamber-window.
- BALTHASAR
- The best I can, my lord.
- DON PEDRO
- Do so: farewell.
- Exit BALTHASAR
- Come hither, Leonato. What was it you told me of
- to-day, that your niece Beatrice was in love with
- Signior Benedick?
- CLAUDIO
- O, ay: stalk on. stalk on; the fowl sits. I did
- never think that lady would have loved any man.
- LEONATO
- No, nor I neither; but most wonderful that she
- should so dote on Signior Benedick, whom she hath in
- all outward behaviors seemed ever to abhor.
- BENEDICK
- Is't possible? Sits the wind in that corner?
- LEONATO
- By my troth, my lord, I cannot tell what to think
- of it but that she loves him with an enraged
- affection: it is past the infinite of thought.
- DON PEDRO
- May be she doth but counterfeit.
- CLAUDIO
- Faith, like enough.
- LEONATO
- O God, counterfeit! There was never counterfeit of
- passion came so near the life of passion as she
- discovers it.
- DON PEDRO
- Why, what effects of passion shows she?
- CLAUDIO
- Bait the hook well; this fish will bite.
- LEONATO
- What effects, my lord?
- CLAUDIO
- She did, indeed.
- DON PEDRO
- How, how, pray you? You amaze me: I would have I
- thought her spirit had been invincible against all
- assaults of affection.
- LEONATO
- I would have sworn it had, my lord; especially
- against Benedick.
- BENEDICK
- I should think this a gull, but that the
- white-bearded fellow speaks it: knavery cannot,
- sure, hide himself in such reverence.
- CLAUDIO
- He hath ta'en the infection: hold it up.
- DON PEDRO
- Hath she made her affection known to Benedick?
- LEONATO
- No; and swears she never will: that's her torment.
- CLAUDIO
- 'Tis true, indeed; so your daughter says: 'Shall
- I,' says she, 'that have so oft encountered him
- with scorn, write to him that I love him?'
- LEONATO
- This says she now when she is beginning to write to
- him; for she'll be up twenty times a night, and
- there will she sit in her smock till she have writ a
- sheet of paper: my daughter tells us all.
- CLAUDIO
- Now you talk of a sheet of paper, I remember a
- pretty jest your daughter told us of.
- LEONATO
- O, when she had writ it and was reading it over, she
- found Benedick and Beatrice between the sheet?
- CLAUDIO
- That.
- LEONATO
- O, she tore the letter into a thousand halfpence;
- railed at herself, that she should be so immodest
- to write to one that she knew would flout her; 'I
- measure him,' says she, 'by my own spirit; for I
- should flout him, if he writ to me; yea, though I
- love him, I should.'
- CLAUDIO
- Then down upon her knees she falls, weeps, sobs,
- beats her heart, tears her hair, prays, curses; 'O
- sweet Benedick! God give me patience!'
- LEONATO
- She doth indeed; my daughter says so: and the
- ecstasy hath so much overborne her that my daughter
- is sometime afeared she will do a desperate outrage
- to herself: it is very true.
- DON PEDRO
- It were good that Benedick knew of it by some
- other, if she will not discover it.
- CLAUDIO
- To what end? He would make but a sport of it and
- torment the poor lady worse.
- DON PEDRO
- An he should, it were an alms to hang him. She's an
- excellent sweet lady; and, out of all suspicion,
- she is virtuous.
- CLAUDIO
- And she is exceeding wise.
- DON PEDRO
- In every thing but in loving Benedick.
- LEONATO
- O, my lord, wisdom and blood combating in so tender
- a body, we have ten proofs to one that blood hath
- the victory. I am sorry for her, as I have just
- cause, being her uncle and her guardian.
- DON PEDRO
- I would she had bestowed this dotage on me: I would
- have daffed all other respects and made her half
- myself. I pray you, tell Benedick of it, and hear
- what a' will say.
- LEONATO
- Were it good, think you?
- CLAUDIO
- Hero thinks surely she will die; for she says she
- will die, if he love her not, and she will die, ere
- she make her love known, and she will die, if he woo
- her, rather than she will bate one breath of her
- accustomed crossness.
- DON PEDRO
- She doth well: if she should make tender of her
- love, 'tis very possible he'll scorn it; for the
- man, as you know all, hath a contemptible spirit.
- CLAUDIO
- He is a very proper man.
- DON PEDRO
- He hath indeed a good outward happiness.
- CLAUDIO
- Before God! and, in my mind, very wise.
- DON PEDRO
- He doth indeed show some sparks that are like wit.
- CLAUDIO
- And I take him to be valiant.
- DON PEDRO
- As Hector, I assure you: and in the managing of
- quarrels you may say he is wise; for either he
- avoids them with great discretion, or undertakes
- them with a most Christian-like fear.
- LEONATO
- If he do fear God, a' must necessarily keep peace:
- if he break the peace, he ought to enter into a
- quarrel with fear and trembling.
- DON PEDRO
- And so will he do; for the man doth fear God,
- howsoever it seems not in him by some large jests
- he will make. Well I am sorry for your niece. Shall
- we go seek Benedick, and tell him of her love?
- CLAUDIO
- Never tell him, my lord: let her wear it out with
- good counsel.
- LEONATO
- Nay, that's impossible: she may wear her heart out first.
- DON PEDRO
- Well, we will hear further of it by your daughter:
- let it cool the while. I love Benedick well; and I
- could wish he would modestly examine himself, to see
- how much he is unworthy so good a lady.
- LEONATO
- My lord, will you walk? dinner is ready.
- CLAUDIO
- If he do not dote on her upon this, I will never
- trust my expectation.
- DON PEDRO
- Let there be the same net spread for her; and that
- must your daughter and her gentlewomen carry. The
- sport will be, when they hold one an opinion of
- another's dotage, and no such matter: that's the
- scene that I would see, which will be merely a
- dumb-show.
Exeunt DON PEDRO, CLAUDIO, and LEONATO
- BENEDICK
- Coming forward This can be no trick: the
- conference was sadly borne. They have the truth of
- this from Hero. They seem to pity the lady: it
- seems her affections have their full bent. Love me!
- why, it must be requited. I hear how I am censured:
- they say I will bear myself proudly, if I perceive
- the love come from her; they say too that she will
- rather die than give any sign of affection. I did
- never think to marry: I must not seem proud: happy
- are they that hear their detractions and can put
- them to mending. They say the lady is fair; 'tis a
- truth, I can bear them witness; and virtuous; 'tis
- so, I cannot reprove it; and wise, but for loving
- me; by my troth, it is no addition to her wit, nor
- no great argument of her folly, for I will be
- horribly in love with her. I may chance have some
- odd quirks and remnants of wit broken on me,
- because I have railed so long against marriage: but
- doth not the appetite alter? a man loves the meat
- in his youth that he cannot endure in his age.
- Shall quips and sentences and these paper bullets of
- the brain awe a man from the career of his humour?
- No, the world must be peopled. When I said I would
- die a bachelor, I did not think I should live till I
- were married. Here comes Beatrice. By this day!
- she's a fair lady: I do spy some marks of love in
- her.
Enter BEATRICE
- BEATRICE
- Against my will I am sent to bid you come in to dinner.
- BENEDICK
- Fair Beatrice, I thank you for your pains.
- BEATRICE
- I took no more pains for those thanks than you take
- pains to thank me: if it had been painful, I would
- not have come.
- BENEDICK
- You take pleasure then in the message?
- BEATRICE
- Yea, just so much as you may take upon a knife's
- point and choke a daw withal. You have no stomach,
- signior: fare you well.
Exit
- BENEDICK
- Ha! 'Against my will I am sent to bid you come in
- to dinner;' there's a double meaning in that 'I took
- no more pains for those thanks than you took pains
- to thank me.' that's as much as to say, Any pains
- that I take for you is as easy as thanks. If I do
- not take pity of her, I am a villain; if I do not
- love her, I am a Jew. I will go get her picture.
Exit


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14.4 Description of Huffman
Coding
One
of the oldest and most elegant forms of data compression is
Huffman coding, an algorithm based on minimum redundancy
coding. Minimum redundancy coding suggests that if we know how often
different symbols occur in a set of data, we can represent the
symbols in a way that makes the data require less space. The
idea is to encode symbols that occur more frequently with
fewer bits than those that occur less frequently. It is
important to realize that a symbol is not necessarily a
character of text: a symbol can be any amount of data we
choose, but it is often one byte's worth.
14.4.1 Entropy and Minimum
Redundancy
To begin, let's revisit the concept of
entropy introduced at the beginning of the chapter. Recall
that every set of data has some informational content, which
is called its entropy. The entropy of a set of data is the sum
of the entropies of each of its symbols. The entropy S of a symbol z is defined as:
Sz
= -lgPz
where Pz is the probability of z being found in the data. If it is
known exactly how many times z
occurs, Pz is referred to as
the frequency of z. As an example, if z occurs 8 times in 32 symbols, or
one-fourth of the time, the entropy of z is:
-lg(1/4) = 2 bits
This means that using any more than two bits
to represent z is more than we
need. If we consider that normally we represent a symbol using
eight bits (one byte), we see that compression here has the
potential to improve the representation a great deal.
Table
14.1 presents an example of calculating the entropy of
some data containing 72 instances of five different symbols.
To do this, we sum the entropies contributed by each symbol.
Using "U" as an example, the total entropy for a symbol is
computed as follows. Since "U" occurs 12 times out of the 72
total, each instance of "U" has an entropy that is calculated
as:
-lg(12/72) = 2.584963 bits
Consequently, because "U" occurs 12 times in
the data, its contribution to the entropy of the data is
calculated as:
(2.584963)(12) = 31.01955 bits
In order to calculate the overall entropy of
the data, we sum the total entropies contributed by each
symbol. To do this for the data in Table
14.1, we have:
31.01955+36.000000+23.53799+33.94552+36.95994
= 161.46300 bits
If using 8 bits to represent each symbol
yields a data size of (72)(8) = 576 bits, we should be able to
compress this data, in theory, by up to:
1-(161.463000/576) = 72.0%
Table 14.1. The Entropy of a Set of
Data Containing 72 Instances of 5 Different Symbols
|
U |
12/72 |
2.584963 |
31.01955 |
|
V |
18/72 |
2.000000 |
36.00000 |
|
W |
7/72 |
3.362570 |
23.53799 |
|
X |
15/72 |
2.263034 |
33.94552 |
|
Y |
20/72 |
1.847997 |
36.95994 |
14.4.2 Building a Huffman Tree
Huffman coding presents a way to approximate
the optimal representation of data based on its entropy. It
works by building a data structure called a Huffman tree, which is a binary tree
(see Chapter
9) organized to generate Huffman
codes. Huffman codes are the
codes assigned to symbols in the data to achieve compression.
However, Huffman codes result in compression that only
approximates the data's entropy because, as you may have
noticed in Table
14.1, the entropies of symbols often come out to be
fractions of bits. Since the actual number of bits used in
Huffman codes cannot be fractions in practice, some codes end
up with slightly too many bits to be optimal.
Figure
14.1 illustrates the process of building a Huffman tree
from the data in Table
14.1. Building a Huffman tree proceeds from its leaf nodes
upward. To begin, we place each symbol and its frequency in
its own tree (see Figure
14.1, step 1). Next, we merge the two trees whose root
nodes have the smallest frequencies and store the sum of the
frequencies in the new tree's root (see Figure
14.1, step 2). This process is then repeated until we end
up with a single tree (see Figure
14.1, step 5), which is the final Huffman tree. The root
node of this tree contains the total number of symbols in the
data, and its leaf nodes contain the original symbols and
their frequencies. Because Huffman coding continually seeks
out the two trees that appear to be the best to merge at any
given time, it is a good example of a greedy algorithm (see Chapter
1).
14.4.3 Compressing and
Uncompressing Data
Building a
Huffman tree is part of both compressing and uncompressing
data. To compress data using a Huffman tree, given a specific
symbol, we start at the root of the tree and trace a path to
the symbol's leaf. As we descend along the path, whenever we
move to the left, we append to the current code; whenever we
move to the right, we append 1. Thus, in Figure
14.1, step 6, to determine the Huffman code for "U" we
move to the right (1), then to the left (10), and then to the
right again (101). The Huffman codes for all of the symbols in
the figure are:
U = 101, V = 01, W = 100, X = 00, Y = 11
To uncompress data using a Huffman tree, we
read the compressed data bit by bit. Starting at the tree's
root, whenever we encounter in the data, we move to the left
in the tree; whenever we encounter 1, we move to the right.
Once we reach a leaf node, we generate the symbol it contains,
move back to the root of the tree, and repeat the process
until we exhaust the compressed data. Uncompressing data in
this manner is possible because Huffman codes are prefix free, which means that no code
is a prefix of any other. This ensures that once we encounter
a sequence of bits that matches a code, there is no ambiguity
as to the symbol it represents. For example, notice that 01,
the code for "V," is not a prefix of any of the other codes.
Thus, as soon as we encounter 01 in the compressed data, we
know that the code must represent "V."
14.4.4 Effectiveness of Huffman
Coding
To determine the
reduced size of data compressed using Huffman coding, we
calculate the product of each symbol's frequency times the
number of bits in its Huffman code, then add them together.
Thus, to calculate the compressed size of the data presented
in Table
14.1 and Figure
14.1, we have:
(12)(3)+(18)(2)+(7)(3)+(15)(2)+(20)(2) = 163
bits
Assuming that without compression each of the
72 symbols would be represented with 8 bits, for a total data
size of 576 bits, we end up with the following compression
ratio:
1-(163/576)=71.7%
Once again, considering the fact that we
cannot take into account fractional bits in Huffman coding, in
many cases this value will not be quite as good as the data's
entropy suggests, although in this case it is very close.
In general, Huffman coding is not the most
effective form of compression, but it runs fast both when
compressing and uncompressing data. Generally, the most
time-consuming aspect of compressing data with Huffman coding
is the need to scan the data twice: once to gather
frequencies, and a second time actually to compress the data.
Uncompressing the data is particularly efficient because
decoding the sequence of bits for each symbol requires only a
brief scan of the Huffman tree, which is bounded. |


#include <stResult.h>
Public Types | |
| typedef ObjectType | tObject |
| typedef stResultPair< ObjectType > | tPair |
| enum | tQueryType { UNKNOWN = 0, RANGEQUERY = 1, KNEARESTQUERY = 2, ESTIMATEKNEARESTQUERY = 3, RINGQUERY = 4, KRINGQUERY = 5, KANDRANGEQUERY = 6, KORRANGEQUERY = 7, POINTQUERY = 8, REVERSEDRANGEQUERY = 9, KFARTHESTQUERY = 10 } |
Public Member Functions | |
| stResult (unsigned int hint=1) | |
| virtual | ~stResult () |
| tPair & | operator[] (unsigned int idx) |
| unsigned int | GetNumOfEntries () |
| void | AddPair (tObject *obj, stDistance distance) |
| void | AddJoinedPair (tObject *obj, tObject *joinedObj, stDistance distance) |
| void | RemoveLast () |
| void | RemoveFirst () |
| stDistance | GetMinimumDistance () |
| stDistance | GetMaximumDistance () |
| void | Cut (unsigned int limit) |
| void | CutFirst (unsigned int limit) |
| void | SetQueryInfo (tObject *sample=NULL, int querytype=UNKNOWN, stCount k=0, stDistance radius=0.0, stDistance innerRadius=0.0, bool tie=false) |
| void | SetQueryInfo (tObject *sample, int querytype, stCount k, stDistance radius, bool tie) |
| int | GetQueryType () |
| unsigned int | GetK () |
| stDistance | GetRadius () |
| stDistance | GetInnerRadius () |
| tObject * | GetSample () |
| bool | GetTie () |
| bool | IsEqual (const stResult *r1) |
| double | Precision (const stResult *r1) |
| void | Intersection (stResult *result1, stResult *result2) |
| void | Union (stResult *result1, stResult *result2) |
In nearest neigbour queries and k-range queries, the result set may contain more than k results. It means that the greatest distance from sample to result has more than 1 object. In such cases, all objects whose distance from sample is equal to GetMaximumDistance() constitute the draw list.
As an extra capability, it can store information about the query but they will only be available if the query method supports this feature (this is an optional capability). See SetQueryInfo() for more details.
It also performs basic operations that allows the construction of the result set by the query procedures.
Marcos Rodrigues Vieira<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Adriano Siqueira Arantes<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Definition at line 219 of file stResult.h.
|
|
Type of the object. Definition at line 284 of file stResult.h. Referenced by stResult< ObjectType >::AddJoinedPair(), stResult< ObjectType >::AddPair(), stResult< ObjectType >::GetSample(), and stResult< ObjectType >::SetQueryInfo(). |
|
|
This type defines the stResult Pair used by this class. Definition at line 289 of file stResult.h. Referenced by stResult< ObjectType >::AddJoinedPair(), stResult< ObjectType >::AddPair(), and stResult< ObjectType >::operator[](). |
|
|
Define constants to query type.
Definition at line 224 of file stResult.h. |
|
|
This method will create a new instance of this class. The parameter hint is used to prepare this instance to hold at least hint results (it is not a upper bound limit).
Definition at line 298 of file stResult.h. References stResult< ObjectType >::SetQueryInfo(). |
|
|
This method disposes this instance and releases all allocated resources. |
|
|
This method adds a joined pair Object/JoinedObject/distance to this result list.
Definition at line 347 of file stResult.h. References stDistance, stResult< ObjectType >::tObject, and stResult< ObjectType >::tPair. |
|
|
This method adds a pair Object/Distance to this result list.
Definition at line 331 of file stResult.h. References stDistance, stResult< ObjectType >::tObject, and stResult< ObjectType >::tPair. |
|
|
This method will cut out undesired objects. It may be used by k-Nearest Neighbour queries to control the number of results. This implementation also treat...
|
|
|
This method will cut out undesired objects. It may be used by k-Farthest Neighbour queries to control the number of results. This implementation also treat...
|
|
|
Gets information about inner radius. It makes sense only for CROWNQUERY. Definition at line 511 of file stResult.h. References stDistance. |
|
|
Gets information about k. It makes sense only for KANDRANGEQUERY, KORRANGEQUERY and KNEARESTQUERY. Definition at line 496 of file stResult.h. |
|
|
This method returns the maximum distance of the objects in this result list. If this result is empty, it will return a negative value. Definition at line 397 of file stResult.h. References stDistance. |
|
|
This method returns the minimum distance of the objects in this result list. If this result is empty, it will return a negative value. Definition at line 384 of file stResult.h. References stDistance. |
|
|
This method returns the number of entries in this result. Definition at line 320 of file stResult.h. |
|
|
Gets the information about query type. I may assume the values UNKNOWN, RANGEQUERY, KANDRANGEQUERY, KORRANGEQUERY or KNEARESTQUERY. Definition at line 488 of file stResult.h. |
|
|
Gets information about radius. It makes sense only for RANGEQUERY and KRANGEQUERY. Definition at line 504 of file stResult.h. References stDistance. |
|
|
Gets the sample object if it is available. Since it is an optional information it may not be available.
Definition at line 521 of file stResult.h. References stResult< ObjectType >::tObject. |
|
|
Gets the tie list to the query. It is an optional information.
Definition at line 531 of file stResult.h. |
|
|
This method implements the intersection operator between two results.
|
|
|
This method tests if two results are equal.
|
|
|
This operator allow the access to a pair. Definition at line 313 of file stResult.h. References stResult< ObjectType >::tPair. |
|
|
This method tests the similarity between two results .
|
|
|
This method will remove the first object from this result list. Definition at line 370 of file stResult.h. |
|
|
This method will remove the last object from this result list. Definition at line 357 of file stResult.h. |
|
|
Adds information about the query. It is used by Query methods to add information about the query. Since it is optional, not all results will provide meaningful information about it.
Definition at line 479 of file stResult.h. References stResult< ObjectType >::SetQueryInfo(), stCount, stDistance, and stResult< ObjectType >::tObject. |
|
|
Adds information about the query. It is used by Query methods to add information about the query. Since it is optional, not all results will provide meaningful information about it.
Definition at line 449 of file stResult.h. References stCount, stDistance, and stResult< ObjectType >::tObject. Referenced by stResult< ObjectType >::SetQueryInfo(), and stResult< ObjectType >::stResult(). |
|
|
This method implements the union operator between two results.
|


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Clicking on a name in the tree will display the contents and open the tree view to show children. To open or close a tree level without changing the page on display, click on the +/-.
The navigator can gain focus with a mouse click or by pressing Tab. Once in focus you can move around with the arrow keys. Open a page by pressing space.
It is possible to rename, move and delete pages from the content tree by mouse or keyboard shortcut.


Using a Designer UI File in Your Application
Qt Designer UI files represent the widget tree of the form in XML format. The forms can be processed:
- At compile time, which means that forms are converted to C++ code that can be compiled.
- At runtime, which means that forms are processed by the QUiLoader class that dynamically constructs the widget tree while parsing the XML file.
Compile Time Form Processing
You create user interface components with Qt Designer and use Qt's integrated build tools, qmake and uic, to generate code for them when the application is built. The generated code contains the form's user interface object. It is a C++ struct that contains:
- Pointers to the form's widgets, layouts, layout items, button groups, and actions.
- A member function called
setupUi()
to build the widget tree on the parent widget. - A member function called
retranslateUi()
that handles the translation of the string properties of the form. For more information, see Reacting to Language Changes.
The generated code can be included in your application and used directly from it. Alternatively, you can use it to extend subclasses of standard widgets.
A compile time processed form can be used in your application with one of the following approaches:
- The Direct Approach: you construct a widget to use as a placeholder for the component, and set up the user interface inside it.
- The Single Inheritance Approach: you subclass the form's base class (QWidget or QDialog, for example), and include a private instance of the form's user interface object.
- The Multiple Inheritance Approach: you subclass both the form's base class and the form's user interface object. This allows the widgets defined in the form to be used directly from within the scope of the subclass.
To demonstrate, we create a simple Calculator Form application. It is based on the original Calculator Form example.
The application consists of one source file, main.cpp
and a UI file.
The calculatorform.ui
file designed with Qt Designer is shown below:
We will use qmake
to build the executable, so we need to write a .pro
file:
HEADERS = calculatorform.h
The special feature of this file is the FORMS
declaration that tells qmake
which files to process with uic
. In this case, the calculatorform.ui
file is used to create a ui_calculatorform.h
file that can be used by any file listed in the SOURCES
declaration.
Note: You can use Qt Creator to create the Calculator Form project. It automatically generates the main.cpp, UI, and .pro files, which you can then modify.
The Direct Approach
To use the direct approach, we include the ui_calculatorform.h
file directly in main.cpp
:
#include "ui_calculatorform.h"
The main
function creates the calculator widget by constructing a standard QWidget that we use to host the user interface described by the calculatorform.ui
file.
int main(int argc, char *argv[]) { QApplication app(argc, argv); QWidget *widget = new QWidget; Ui::CalculatorForm ui; ui.setupUi(widget); widget->show(); return app.exec(); }
In this case, the Ui::CalculatorForm
is an interface description object from the ui_calculatorform.h
file that sets up all the dialog's widgets and the connections between its signals and slots.
The direct approach provides a quick and easy way to use simple, self-contained components in your applications. However, componens created with Qt Designer often require close integration with the rest of the application code. For instance, the CalculatorForm
code provided above will compile and run, but the QSpinBox objects will not interact with the QLabel as we need a custom slot to carry out the add operation and display the result in the QLabel. To achieve this, we need to use the single inheritance approach.
The Single Inheritance Approach
To use the single inheritance approach, we subclass a standard Qt widget and include a private instance of the form's user interface object. This can take the form of:
- A member variable
- A pointer member variable
Using a Member Variable
In this approach, we subclass a Qt widget and set up the user interface from within the constructor. Components used in this way expose the widgets and layouts used in the form to the Qt widget subclass, and provide a standard system for making signal and slot connections between the user interface and other objects in your application. The generated Ui::CalculatorForm
structure is a member of the class.
This approach is used in the Calculator Form example.
To ensure that we can use the user interface, we need to include the header file that uic
generates before referring to Ui::CalculatorForm
:
#include "ui_calculatorform.h"
This means that the .pro
file must be updated to include calculatorform.h
:
HEADERS = calculatorform.h
The subclass is defined in the following way:
class CalculatorForm : public QWidget { Q_OBJECT public: CalculatorForm(QWidget *parent = 0); private slots: void on_inputSpinBox1_valueChanged(int value); void on_inputSpinBox2_valueChanged(int value); private: Ui::CalculatorForm ui; };
The important feature of the class is the private ui
object which provides the code for setting up and managing the user interface.
The constructor for the subclass constructs and configures all the widgets and layouts for the dialog just by calling the ui
object's setupUi()
function. Once this has been done, it is possible to modify the user interface as needed.
CalculatorForm::CalculatorForm(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent) { ui.setupUi(this); }
We can connect signals and slots in user interface widgets in the usual way by adding the on_<object name> - prefix. For more information, see widgets-and-dialogs-with-auto-connect.
The advantages of this approach are its simple use of inheritance to provide a QWidget-based interface, and its encapsulation of the user interface widget variables within the ui
data member. We can use this method to define a number of user interfaces within the same widget, each of which is contained within its own namespace, and overlay (or compose) them. This approach can be used to create individual tabs from existing forms, for example.
Using a Pointer Member Variable
Alternatively, the Ui::CalculatorForm
structure can be made a pointer member of the class. The header then looks as follows:
namespace Ui { class CalculatorForm; } class CalculatorForm : public QWidget ... virtual ~CalculatorForm(); ... private: Ui::CalculatorForm *ui; ...
The corresponding source file looks as follows:
#include "ui_calculatorform.h" CalculatorForm::CalculatorForm(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent), ui(new Ui::CalculatorForm) { ui->setupUi(this); } CalculatorForm::~CalculatorForm() { delete ui; }
The advantage of this approach is that the user interface object can be forward-declared, which means that we do not have to include the generated ui_calculatorform.h
file in the header. The form can then be changed without recompiling the dependent source files. This is particularly important if the class is subject to binary compatibility restrictions.
We generally recommend this approach for libraries and large applications. For more information, see Creating Shared Libraries.
The Multiple Inheritance Approach
Forms created with Qt Designer can be subclassed together with a standard QWidget-based class. This approach makes all the user interface components defined in the form directly accessible within the scope of the subclass, and enables signal and slot connections to be made in the usual way with the connect() function.
This approach is used in the Multiple Inheritance example.
We need to include the header file that uic
generates from the calculatorform.ui
file, as follows:
#include "ui_calculatorform.h"
The class is defined in a similar way to the one used in the single inheritance approach, except that this time we inherit from both QWidget and Ui::CalculatorForm
, as follows:
class CalculatorForm : public QWidget, private Ui::CalculatorForm { Q_OBJECT public: CalculatorForm(QWidget *parent = 0); private slots: void on_inputSpinBox1_valueChanged(int value); void on_inputSpinBox2_valueChanged(int value); };
We inherit Ui::CalculatorForm
privately to ensure that the user interface objects are private in our subclass. We can also inherit it with the public
or protected
keywords in the same way that we could have made ui
public or protected in the previous case.
The constructor for the subclass performs many of the same tasks as the constructor used in the single inheritance example:
CalculatorForm::CalculatorForm(QWidget *parent) : QWidget(parent) { setupUi(this); }
In this case, the widgets used in the user interface can be accessed in the same say as a widget created in code by hand. We no longer require the ui
prefix to access them.
Reacting to Language Changes
Qt notifies applications if the user interface language changes by sending an event of the type QEvent::LanguageChange. To call the member function retranslateUi()
of the user interface object, we reimplement QWidget::changeEvent()
in the form class, as follows:
void CalculatorForm::changeEvent(QEvent *e) { QWidget::changeEvent(e); switch (e->type()) { case QEvent::LanguageChange: ui->retranslateUi(this); break; default: break; } }
Run Time Form Processing
Alternatively, forms can be processed at run time, producing dynamically- generated user interfaces. This can be done using the QtUiTools module that provides the QUiLoader class to handle forms created with Qt Designer.
The UiTools Approach
A resource file containing a UI file is required to process forms at run time. Also, the application needs to be configured to use the QtUiTools module. This is done by including the following declaration in a qmake
project file, ensuring that the application is compiled and linked appropriately.
QT += uitools
The QUiLoader class provides a form loader object to construct the user interface. This user interface can be retrieved from any QIODevice, e.g., a QFile object, to obtain a form stored in a project's resource file. The QUiLoader::load() function constructs the form widget using the user interface description contained in the file.
The QtUiTools module classes can be included using the following directive:
#include <QtUiTools>
The QUiLoader::load() function is invoked as shown in this code from the Text Finder example:
QWidget* TextFinder::loadUiFile() { QUiLoader loader; QFile file(":/forms/textfinder.ui"); file.open(QFile::ReadOnly); QWidget *formWidget = loader.load(&file, this); file.close(); return formWidget; }
In a class that uses QtUiTools to build its user interface at run time, we can locate objects in the form using qFindChild(). For example, in the follownig code, we locate some components based on their object names and widget types:
ui_findButton = findChild<QPushButton*>("findButton"); ui_textEdit = findChild<QTextEdit*>("textEdit"); ui_lineEdit = findChild<QLineEdit*>("lineEdit");
Processing forms at run-time gives the developer the freedom to change a program's user interface, just by changing the UI file. This is useful when customizing programs to suit various user needs, such as extra large icons or a different colour scheme for accessibility support.
Automatic Connections
The signals and slots connections defined for compile time or run time forms can either be set up manually or automatically, using QMetaObject's ability to make connections between signals and suitably-named slots.
Generally, in a QDialog, if we want to process the information entered by the user before accepting it, we need to connect the clicked() signal from the OK button to a custom slot in our dialog. We will first show an example of the dialog in which the slot is connected by hand then compare it with a dialog that uses automatic connection.
A Dialog Without Auto-Connect
We define the dialog in the same way as before, but now include a slot in addition to the constructor:
class ImageDialog : public QDialog, private Ui::ImageDialog { Q_OBJECT public: ImageDialog(QWidget *parent = 0); private slots: void checkValues(); };
The checkValues()
slot will be used to validate the values provided by the user.
In the dialog's constructor we set up the widgets as before, and connect the Cancel button's clicked() signal to the dialog's reject() slot. We also disable the autoDefault property in both buttons to ensure that the dialog does not interfere with the way that the line edit handles return key events:
ImageDialog::ImageDialog(QWidget *parent) : QDialog(parent) { setupUi(this); okButton->setAutoDefault(false); cancelButton->setAutoDefault(false); ... connect(okButton, SIGNAL(clicked()), this, SLOT(checkValues())); }
We connect the OK button's clicked() signal to the dialog's checkValues() slot which we implement as follows:
void ImageDialog::checkValues() { if (nameLineEdit->text().isEmpty()) (void) QMessageBox::information(this, tr("No Image Name"), tr("Please supply a name for the image."), QMessageBox::Cancel); else accept(); }
This custom slot does the minimum necessary to ensure that the data entered by the user is valid - it only accepts the input if a name was given for the image.
Widgets and Dialogs with Auto-Connect
Although it is easy to implement a custom slot in the dialog and connect it in the constructor, we could instead use QMetaObject's auto-connection facilities to connect the OK button's clicked() signal to a slot in our subclass. uic
automatically generates code in the dialog's setupUi()
function to do this, so we only need to declare and implement a slot with a name that follows a standard convention:
void on_<object name>_<signal name>(<signal parameters>);
Using this convention, we can define and implement a slot that responds to mouse clicks on the OK button:
class ImageDialog : public QDialog, private Ui::ImageDialog { Q_OBJECT public: ImageDialog(QWidget *parent = 0); private slots: void on_okButton_clicked(); };
Another example of automatic signal and slot connection would be the Text Finder with its on_findButton_clicked()
slot.
We use QMetaObject's system to enable signal and slot connections:
QMetaObject::connectSlotsByName(this);
This enables us to implement the slot, as shown below:
void TextFinder::on_findButton_clicked() { QString searchString = ui_lineEdit->text(); QTextDocument *document = ui_textEdit->document(); bool found = false; if (isFirstTime == false) document->undo(); if (searchString.isEmpty()) { QMessageBox::information(this, tr("Empty Search Field"), "The search field is empty. Please enter a word and click Find."); } else { QTextCursor highlightCursor(document); QTextCursor cursor(document); cursor.beginEditBlock(); ... cursor.endEditBlock(); isFirstTime = false; if (found == false) { QMessageBox::information(this, tr("Word Not Found"), "Sorry, the word cannot be found."); } } }
Automatic connection of signals and slots provides both a standard naming convention and an explicit interface for widget designers to work to. By providing source code that implements a given interface, user interface designers can check that their designs actually work without having to write code themselves.


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This project is for education purposes only. It demonstrates the architecture and capabilities of a MEAN stack app.


From: Person Person
Sent: 07 November 2017 14:26
To<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Cc: Cat Cat<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Subject: FW: Blah wants to talk to you about the PM role!
This is how it looks on my emails
From: Dog Dog<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Sent: 07 November 2017 09:33
To: Person Person<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Dog Dog<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Subject: Re: blah wants to talk to you about the PM opportunity!
Sure. I’m flexible so whatever time suits you is good.
Thanks very much
From: Person Person<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Date: Tuesday, 7 November 2017 at 09:31
To: Dog Dog<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Subject: RE: blah wants to talk to you about the PM opportunity!
Not a problem rearranging but I’m out tomorrow morning.
Could we do the afternoon?
Person
From: Dog Dog<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Sent: 06 November 2017 19:45
To: Person Person<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Subject: RE: blah wants to talk to you about the PM opportunity!
Hi Person,
Something happened, can we reschedule?
Thanks,
dog
From: Person Person<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Sent: Monday, November 6, 2017 9:38:13 AM
To: Dog Dog
Subject: RE: blah wants to talk to you about the PM opportunity!
I could possibly do 9:30?
From: Dog Dog<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Sent: 04 November 2017 00:36
To: Person Person<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Subject: Re: blah wants to talk to you about the PM opportunity!
Hi Person,
No problem, how about Tuesday?
My number will be<PHONE_NUMBER>
Regards,
dog
From: Person Person<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Sent: Friday, November 3, 2017 8:48:11 PM
To<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Subject: blah wants to talk to you about the PM opportunity!
Hi dog,
Thank you for applying for our PM role here at blah.
We'd love to set up a quick phone call with you to talk through the role and your experience in a little more detail.
When would you have a free 15 minutes for this?
All the best,
Person Person