JSlider
component is intended to let the user easily enter a numeric value bounded
by a minimum and maximum value.
If space is limited,
a spinner
is a possible alternative to a slider.
The following picture shows an application that uses a slider to control animation speed:
SliderDemo.java
file that creates the slider in the previous example.
static final int FPS_MIN = 0; static final int FPS_MAX = 30; static final int FPS_INIT = 15; //initial frames per second . . . JSlider framesPerSecond = new JSlider(JSlider.HORIZONTAL, FPS_MIN, FPS_MAX, FPS_INIT); framesPerSecond.addChangeListener(this); //Turn on labels at major tick marks. framesPerSecond.setMajorTickSpacing(10); framesPerSecond.setMinorTickSpacing(1); framesPerSecond.setPaintTicks(true); framesPerSecond.setPaintLabels(true);
setPaintTicks(true)
method.
However, you also need labels for your tick marks.
To display standard, numeric labels at major tick mark locations,
set the major tick spacing, then call the setPaintLabels(true)
method.
The example program provides labels for its slider in this way.
But you are not constrained to using only these labels.
Customizing Labels on a Slider
shows you how to customize slider labels.
In addition, a new slider feature available in JDK 6 allows you to set
a font for the JSlider
component.
Font font = new Font("Serif", Font.ITALIC, 15); framesPerSecond.setFont(font);
When you move the slider's knob, the stateChanged
method of the
slider's ChangeListener
is called.
For information about change listeners,
refer to
How to Write a Change Listener.
Here is the change listener code that reacts to slider value changes:
public void stateChanged(ChangeEvent e) { JSlider source = (JSlider)e.getSource(); if (!source.getValueIsAdjusting()) { int fps = (int)source.getValue(); if (fps == 0) { if (!frozen) stopAnimation(); } else { delay = 1000 / fps; timer.setDelay(delay); timer.setInitialDelay(delay * 10); if (frozen) startAnimation(); } } }
stateChanged
method
changes the animation speed only if the getValueIsAdjusting
method
returns false
.
Many change events are fired
as the user moves the slider knob.
This program is interested only
in the final result of the user's action.
The source for this program can be found in
SliderDemo2.java
.
Click the Launch button
to run SliderDemo2 using
Java™ Web Start
(download JDK 6).
Alternatively, to compile and run the example yourself,
consult the
example index.
The following code creates the slider and customizes its labels:
//Create the slider JSlider framesPerSecond = new JSlider(JSlider.VERTICAL, FPS_MIN, FPS_MAX, FPS_INIT); framesPerSecond.addChangeListener(this); framesPerSecond.setMajorTickSpacing(10); framesPerSecond.setPaintTicks(true); //Create the label table Hashtable labelTable = new Hashtable(); labelTable.put( new Integer( 0 ), new JLabel("Stop") ); labelTable.put( new Integer( FPS_MAX/10 ), new JLabel("Slow") ); labelTable.put( new Integer( FPS_MAX ), new JLabel("Fast") ); framesPerSecond.setLabelTable( labelTable ); framesPerSecond.setPaintLabels(true);
setLabelTable
method
gives the position and the value of one label.
The hashtable key must be of an Integer
type
and must have a value within the slider's range at which to place the label.
The hashtable value
associated with each key
must be a Component
object.
This demo uses JLabel
instances with text only.
An interesting modification would be to use
JLabel
instances with icons
or buttons that move the knob to the label's position.
Use the createStandardLabels
method of the JSlider
class to create a set of numeric labels positioned
at a specific interval.
You can also modify the table returned
by the createStandardLabels
method in order to customize it.
JSlider
constructors and methods.
See
The JComponent Class
for tables of commonly used inherited methods.
The API for using sliders is divided into these categories:
| Constructor | Purpose |
|---|---|
| JSlider() | Creates a horizontal slider with the range 0 to 100 and an initial value of 50. |
|
JSlider(int min, int max) JSlider(int min, int max, int value) |
Creates a horizontal slider with
the specified minimum and maximum values.
The third int argument, when present,
specifies the slider's initial value.
|
|
JSlider(int orientation) JSlider(int orientation, int min, int max, int value) |
Creates a slider with the specified orientation, which
must be either JSlider.HORIZONTAL or
JSlider.VERTICAL .
The last three int arguments, when present,
specify the slider's minimum, maximum, and initial values, respectively.
|
| JSlider(BoundedRangeModel) | Creates a horizontal slider with the specified model, which manages the slider's minimum, maximum, and current values and their relationships. |
| Method | Purpose |
|---|---|
|
void setValue(int) int getValue() |
Sets or gets the slider's current value. The set method also positions the slider's knob. |
|
void setOrientation(int) int getOrientation() |
Sets or gets the orientation of the slider. Possible values
are JSlider.HORIZONTAL or JSlider.VERTICAL .
|
|
void setInverted(boolean) boolean getInverted() |
Sets or gets whether the maximum is shown at the left of a horizontal slider or at the bottom of a vertical one, thereby inverting the slider's range. |
|
void setMinimum(int) int getMinimum() void setMaximum(int) int getMaximum() |
Sets or gets the minimum or maximum values of the slider. Together, these methods set or get the slider's range. |
|
void setMajorTickSpacing(int) int getMajorTickSpacing() void setMinorTickSpacing(int) int getMinorTickSpacing() |
Sets or gets the range between major and minor ticks. You must
call setPaintTicks(true) for the tick marks to appear.
|
|
void setPaintTicks(boolean) boolean getPaintTicks() |
Sets or gets whether tick marks are painted on the slider. |
|
void setPaintLabels(boolean) boolean getPaintLabels() |
Sets or gets whether labels are painted on the slider.
You can provide custom labels with setLabelTable or
get automatic labels by setting the major tick spacing
to a non-zero value.
|
|
void setLabelTable(Dictionary) Dictionary getLabelTable() |
Sets or gets the labels for the slider.
You must call setPaintLabels(true) for the labels to appear.
|
|
Hashtable createStandardLabels(int) Hashtable createStandardLabels(int, int) |
Creates a standard set of numeric labels.
The first int argument specifies the increment,
the second int argument specifies the starting point.
When left unspecified,
the starting point is set to the slider's minimum number.
|
| setFont(java.awt.Font) | Sets the font for slider labels . |
| Method | Purpose |
|---|---|
| void addChangeListener(ChangeListener) | Registers a change listener with the slider. |
| boolean getValueIsAdjusting() | Determines whether the user gesture to move the slider's knob is complete. |
| Class, Interface, or Method | Purpose |
|---|---|
| BoundedRangeModel | The interface required for the slider's data model. |
| DefaultBoundedRangeModel | An implementation of the BoundedRangeModel
interface.
|
|
void setModel() getModel() (in JSlider )
|
Sets or gets the data model used by the slider.
You can also set the model by using the
constructor that takes a single argument
of type BoundedRangeModel .
|
JSlider
and where those examples are described.
| Example | Where Described | Notes |
|---|---|---|
SliderDemo
|
This section | Shows a slider with labels at major tick marks. |
SliderDemo2
|
This section | Shows a vertical slider with custom labels. |
Converter
|
Using Models, How to Use Panels | A measurement conversion application
featuring two sliders that share data and
have custom BoundedRangeModel s.
|


Over the years I have been collecting the aliases that makes sense for me, and by that I really mean makes sense for me :) I might have lost a few recently when I had to reinstall my laptop after a complete crash, but below you will find those I have recovered and remember to have been using quite a bunch.
Common actions st - status -s
dh - diff HEAD
aa - add -A
cm - commit -m
ups - commit -a --amend
Branches co - checkout
cob - checkout -b
pur = pull --rebase origin
Log This part is mostly different views on logs, honestly I’m not sure it would make sense for anyone but me.
Continue reading


Sickle cell disease is an inherited disorder common in Africans and African Americans, affecting one in five hundred. It can also be found in people with Asian, Mediterranean, and/or South American origins. The condition affects the shape of red blood cells and causes anemia (a low red blood cell count). The abnormal red blood cells block the blood vessels, resulting in pain and a high risk of infection, particularly from certain bacteria. Some children with this condition die before they reach the age of five, yet with appropriate treatment and education, many patients with sickle cell will survive to their fifties or older.
The typical first signs in an infant, as mentioned, are swollen, tender, red, and/or shiny fingers or toes. These signs may last for several days. The fingers and toes will be very painful, and the infant may seem distressed. An older, school-age child or adult will tend to have pain in the arms, legs, chest, and belly instead.
The sickle cell diagnosis can be made from a simple blood test. Seek medical advice on how to deal with the various problems relating to this ailment. If younger children with sickle cell disease take certain antibiotics regularly, the risk of developing life-threatening infections will be reduced. Fortunately, these severe infections are now very rare in the United States, since hospitals screen for sickle cell disease at birth.


The FooBaz Bar is closed. Or at least that’s what the sign on the front of the bright yellow building says. But someone does appear to be inside and the front door is unlocked.
You can see the bar is covered in a mess of wires and cables.
The bartender pops up suddenly, looking tired and surprised.
“We’re not open! I’m sorry. We’re dealing with an issue and the drink orders aren’t…”
You interrupt. “That’s why I’m here. I’m helping the Operating Office track down the issues. What’s wrong with the drink orders?”
“Oh,” they respond. “Let me show you!”
A quick cleanup of the wires reveals screens along the top of the bar. “You select the drink you want from this screen.” They tap the margarita selection. “And then you select specific instructions so I want this one with salt.”
"And once that's selected..."
You notice a thin conveyor belt along the length of the bar. It makes a low, light sound as it moves along the bar and then stops.
The bartender sighs. “You see it’s supposed to deliver your drink.”
They tap the screen a few more times. “We’re storing the drink order here in this array. But when it iterates through the array, it seems to be empty.”
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
for (let order of orders) {
const [drink, instructions] = order;
createDrink(drink, instructions);
}
}
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
for (let order of orders) {
const [drink, instructions] = order;
createDrink(drink, instructions);
}
}
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
for (let order of orders) {
const [drink, instructions] = order;
createDrink(drink, instructions);
}
}
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
for (let order of orders) {
const [drink, instructions] = order;
createDrink(drink, instructions);
}
}
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
for (let order of orders) {
const [drink, instructions] = order;
createDrink(drink, instructions);
}
}
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
console.log('ORDERS: ', orders);
for (let order of orders) {
const [drink, instructions] = order;
createDrink(drink, instructions);
}
}
ORDERS: [
['margarita', { salt: false }],
['martini', { shaken: true }],
]
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
for (let order of orders) {
console.log('ORDER: ', order);
const [drink, instructions] = order;
createDrink(drink, instructions);
}
}
ORDER: undefined
ORDER: undefined
JavaScript: All the Parts
pg 86
“The for..of statement creates a loop iterating over iterable objects, including: String, Array, Map, Set, and other iterables.”
It invokes a custom iteration hook with statements to be executed for the value of each distinct property of the object.
for (variable of iterable) {
statement
}
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
orders.forEach(order => {
console.log('ORDER: ', order);
const [drink, instructions] = order;
createDrink(drink, instructions);
});
}
ORDER: ['margarita', { salt: false }]
Uncaught ReferenceError: drink is not defined
ORDER: ['martini', { shaken: true }]
Uncaught ReferenceError: drink is not defined
let orders = [];
function order(drink, instructions) {
orders.push([drink, instructions]);
}
function complete(orders) {
orders.forEach(order => {
console.log('ORDER: ', order);
const [drink, instructions] = order;
console.log('WHY!?: ', drink, instructions);
createDrink(drink, instructions);
});
}
ORDER: ['margarita', { salt: false }];
WHY!?: undefined undefined
ORDER: ['martini', { shaken: true }]
WHY!?: undefined undefined
JavaScript: All the Parts
pg 97
Array destructuring is a convenient way to extract values from Arrays and other iterables.
const [a] = [1, 2, 3]; // a is assigned 1
const [a, b] = 'abc';
// a is assigned 'a' and b is assigned 'b'
Array destructuring uses the iterable's associated iterator to retrieve the values from the source.
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
for (let book of books) {
const [author] = book.authors;
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
}
}
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
for (let book of books) {
const [author] = book.authors;
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
}
}
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
for (let book of books) {
const [author] = book.authors;
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
}
}
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
for (let book of books) {
const [author] = book.authors;
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
}
}
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
for (let book of books) {
const [author] = book.authors;
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
}
}
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
console.log('BOOKS: ', books);
for (let book of books) {
const [author] = book.authors;
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
}
}
BOOKS: [{
title: 'Love in the Time of JavaScript',
authors: ['Pai, S.', 'Vieira, S.'],,
}]
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
for (let book of books) {
console.log('BOOK: ', book);
const [author] = book.authors;
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
}
}
BOOK: undefined
JavaScript: All the Parts
pg 86
“The for..of statement creates a loop iterating over iterable objects, including: String, Array, Map, Set, and other iterables.”
It invokes a custom iteration hook with statements to be executed for the value of each distinct property of the object.
for (variable of iterable) {
statement
}
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
books.forEach(book => {
console.log('BOOK: ', book);
const [author] = book.authors;
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
});
}
BOOK: {
title: 'Love in the Time of JavaScript',
authors: ['Pai, S.', 'Vieira, S.'],
}
Uncaught ReferenceError: author is not defined
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
books.forEach(book => {
console.log('BOOK: ', book);
const [author] = book.authors;
console.log('WHY!?: ', author);
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(author);
});
}
BOOK: {
title: 'Love in the Time of JavaScript',
authors: ['Pai, S.', 'Vieira, S.'],
}
WHY!?: undefined
JavaScript: All the Parts
pg 97
Array destructuring is a convenient way to extract values from Arrays and other iterables.
const [a] = [1, 2, 3]; // a is assigned 1
const [a, b] = 'abc';
// a is assigned 'a' and b is assigned 'b'
Array destructuring uses the iterable's associated iterator to retrieve the values from the source.
let books = [];
function collection() {
books.push(book);
}
function sort(books) {
books.forEach(book => {
sortBy(book.section).alphabetizeBy(book.author[0]);
});
}
Part 3: Bubblesort Laundry
function fold(items) {
items.forEach(item => foldItem(item));
}
fold([...loads.darks, ...loads.lights, ...loads.brights]);
function fold(items) {
items.forEach(item => foldItem(item));
}
fold([...loads.darks, ...loads.lights, ...loads.brights]);
function fold(items) {
items.forEach(item => foldItem(item));
}
fold([...loads.darks, ...loads.lights, ...loads.brights]);
function fold(items) {
items.forEach(item => foldItem(item));
}
console.log('DARKS: ', loads.darks);
console.log('LIGHTS: ', loads.lights);
console.log('BRIGHTS: ', loads.brights);
fold([...loads.darks, ...loads.lights, ...loads.brights]);
DARKS: ['shirt', 'pants']
LIGHTS: ['skirt']
BRIGHTS: ['socks', 't-shirt']
function fold(items) {
console.log('ITEMS: ', items)
items.forEach(item => foldItem(item));
}
console.log('DARKS: ', loads.darks);
console.log('LIGHTS: ', loads.lights);
console.log('BRIGHTS: ', loads.brights);
fold([...loads.darks, ...loads.lights, ...loads.brights]);
DARKS: ['shirt', 'pants']
LIGHTS: ['skirt']
BRIGHTS: ['socks', 't-shirt']
ITEMS: [undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined, undefined]
JavaScript: All the Parts
pg 132
The spread operator allows an iterable to expand in places where 0 or more elements are expected.
[...iterable]
const a = [1, 2, 3];
const b = [4, 5, 6];
const numbers = [...a, ...b];
// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
const letters = [...'abc', ...'def'];
// ['a', 'b', 'c', 'd', 'e', 'f']
JavaScript: All the Parts
pg 170
In order to be iterable, an object must implement the iterator method, meaning that the object (or one of the objects up its prototype chain) must have a property with a iterator key available via constant Symbol.iterator.
const iterable = {
[Symbol.iterator]: function() {
// Returns an iterator
},
};
JavaScript: All the Parts
pg 171
To iterate through an iterable (for example, using the spread operator or a for..of loop), its iterator method is called and the returned iterator is used to obtain the values.
iterable[Symbol.iterator]()
for (variable of iterable) {
statement
}
[...iterable]
function fold(items) {
items.forEach(item => foldItem(item));
}
console.log('ACCESS ITERATOR?: ',
loads.darks[Symbol.iterator]);
fold([...loads.darks, ...loads.lights, ...loads.brights]);
ACCESS ITERATOR?: function [Symbol.iterator]() { .. }
JavaScript: All the Parts
pg 172
An iterator is any object which implements the Iterator Protocol by having a next() method which returns an object with two properties: value, the next value in the sequence; and done, which is true if the last value in the sequence has already been consumed.
const iterator = {
next: function() {
return { value: 'value', done: true/false }
}
}
function fold(items) {
items.forEach(item => foldItem(item));
}
const iterator = loads.darks[Symbol.iterator]();
console.log('ITERATOR: ', iterator);
fold([...loads.darks, ...loads.lights, ...loads.brights]);
ITERATOR: Array Iterator {
next: function() { .. }
}
function fold(items) {
items.forEach(item => foldItem(item));
}
const iterator = loads.darks[Symbol.iterator]();
console.log('NEXT: ', iterator.next());
console.log('NEXT: ', iterator.next());
fold([...loads.darks, ...loads.lights, ...loads.brights]);
NEXT: { value: undefined, done: false }
NEXT: { value: undefined, done: false }


Level 1: Newbie
Sorry, your broswer doesn't support inline SVG.
Level 2: Apprentice
Your browser doesn't support the video tag.
Level 3: Master
Your browser doesn't support the video tag.
Your browser does not support the audio element.


The 1956 Winter Olympics, officially known as the VII Olympic Winter Games (French: Les VIIes Jeux olympiques d'hiver) (Italian: VII Giochi olimpici invernali), was a multi-sport event celebrated in Cortina d'Ampezzo, Italy, from 26 January to 5 February 1956.
- THIS
Cortina, which had originally been awarded the 1944 Winter Olympics, beat out Montreal, Colorado Springs and Lake Placid for the right to host the 1956 Games. The Cortina Games were unique in that many of the venues were within walking distance of each other. The organising committee received financial support from the Italian government for infrastructure improvements, but the rest of the costs for the Games had to be privately financed. Consequently, the organising committee was the first to rely heavily on corporate sponsorship for funding.[1]


Here you can play with safe-jsonp lib
Some endpoints:
Slow query 15s (www.mocky.io)
Very slow query 60s (www.mocky.io)
Invalid syntax (www.mocky.io)
Http error (www.mocky.io)
Cb data missing (www.mocky.io)
too many args (www.mocky.io)
Slow query 10s (localhost)
Very slow query 60s (localhost)
Fetch Url
use sandbox mode
abortable
Timeout (ms)


Each record in asmt_vrsn will become one Questionnaire resource in FHIR. The sections, subsections, and questions will be represented as items within the questionnaire. Only active questions are migrated from the DEL.
| FHIR Field | DEL Field(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| id | asmt.asmt_shrt_name asmt.asmt_vrsn_id |
Fields are joined using a dash (-) in the format
{asmt_shrt_name}-{asmt_vrsn_id} . Example: LCDS-1.01. |
| name | asmt.asmt_shrt_name | All characters except letters and numbers are removed. |
| title | asmt.asmt_name | |
| version | asmt.asmt_vrsn_id | |
| status | asmt_vrsn.asmt_stus_id | If value is 1 then "active". If value is 4 then "retired". All others are "draft". |
| date | asmt.creat_ts | |
| publisher | org.org_name | |
| description | asmt.asmt_desc | |
| effectivePeriod.start | asmt_vrsn.efctv_strt_dt | |
| effectivePeriod.end | asmt_vrsn.efctv_end_dt | Only populated if field value is not null. |
| approvalDate | asmt_vrsn.pblctn_dt | Only populated if field value is not null. |
| item[] | Populated with list of questions or list of sections. |
| FHIR Field | DEL Field(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| item[].linkId | asmt_sect_rfrnc.asmt_sect_id |
Prefixed with a string in the format Section-${asmt_sect_id}
|
| item[].text | asmt_sect_rfrnc.asmt_sect_name | |
| item[].type | group | Hard-coded to value "group". |
| item[].readOnly | true | Hard-coded to value "true". |
| item[].item[] | Populated with list of questions or list of sub-sections. |
Questions may be nested within a section or within parent questions.
| FHIR Field | DEL Field(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| item[].linkId |
asmt_sect_rfrnc.asmt_sect_id data_ele_qstn.qstn_label_name |
Prefixed with a string in the format Section-${asmt_sect_id}/${qstn_label_name}
All characters except letters and numbers are removed from qstn_label_name.
|
| item[].prefix | data_ele_qstn.qstn_label_name | All characters except letters and numbers are removed from qstn_label_name. |
| item[].text | data_ele_qstn.qstn_txt | |
| item[].type | data_ele_rspns.rspns_dtype_name |
If this is a parent question, then "group". If value is "character" or "integer" with options, then "choice". If value is "character" without options then "text". If value is "number" without options then "integer". If value is "date" then "open-choice". |
| item[].readOnly | data_ele_rspns.rspns_dtype_name |
If field is a group then "true".
Otherwise "false". |
| item[].repeats | data_ele_rspns.rspns_type_name |
If value is checklist then "true".
Otherwise "false". |
| item[].maxLength | Populated with list of questions. | |
| item[].code[0].system | hit_qstn_map.hit_qstn_cd | Only populated if question has a LOINC code specified. |
| answerOption[].valueCoding.code | data_ele_rspns_val.rspns_val_cd | Only populated for "choice" and "open-choice" questions. |
| answerOption[].valueCoding.display | data_ele_rspns_val.rspns_val_txt | Only populated for "choice" and "open-choice" questions. |
| item[].item[] | Populated with list of questions. |
Each record in asmt_vrsn will become one Library resource in FHIR.
| FHIR Field | DEL Field(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| id | asmt.asmt_shrt_name asmt.asmt_vrsn_id |
Fields are joined using a dash (-) in the format
{asmt_shrt_name}-{asmt_vrsn_id} . Example: LCDS-1.01. |
| name | asmt.asmt_shrt_name | All characters except letters and numbers are removed. |
| title | asmt.asmt_name | |
| version | asmt.asmt_vrsn_id | |
| status | asmt_vrsn.asmt_stus_id | If value is 1 then "active". If value is 4 then "retired". All others are "draft". |
| type.coding[].code | asset-collection | Hard-coded to value "asset-collection". |
| date | asmt.creat_ts | |
| publisher | org.org_name | |
| description | asmt.asmt_desc | |
| effectivePeriod.start | asmt_vrsn.efctv_strt_dt | |
| effectivePeriod.end | asmt_vrsn.efctv_end_dt | Only populated if field value is not null. |
| approvalDate | asmt_vrsn.pblctn_dt | Only populated if field value is not null. |
Each record in data_ele_qstn will become one Measeure resource in FHIR. A measure will link back to the libraries in which it is used. Only active questions are migrated from the DEL. Answer options are populated in relatedArtifact.
| FHIR Field | DEL Field(s) | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| id | data_ele_qstn.qstn_label_name |
Prefixed with a string in the format Question-${qstn_label_name}
All characters except letters and numbers are removed from qstn_label_name.
|
| name | data_ele_qstn.qstn_label_name |
Prefixed with a string in the format Question_${qstn_label_name}
All characters except letters and numbers are removed from qstn_label_name.
|
| title | data_ele_qstn.qstn_shrt_name | |
| status | active | Hard-coded to value "active". |
| description | data_ele_qstn.qstn_txt | |
| library | Populated with Library IDs for all libraries in which this question is present. | |
| relatedArtifact[].type | documentation | Hard-coded to value "documentation". |
| relatedArtifact[].resource | Library ID where this answer option applies. | |
| relatedArtifact[].label | data_ele_rspns_val.rspns_val_cd | |
| relatedArtifact[].display | data_ele_rspns_val.rspns_val_txt | |
| relatedArtifact[].url | hit_qstn_map.hit_qstn_cd | Only populated if question has a LOINC code specified. |


using System; using System.ComponentModel.Composition; using MORR.Modules.WindowManagement.Native; using MORR.Modules.WindowManagement.Producers; using MORR.Shared.Hook; using MORR.Shared.Modules; using MORR.Shared.Utility; namespace MORR.Modules.WindowManagement { /// <summary> /// The <see cref="WindowManagementModule" /> is responsible for recording all window related user interactions /// </summary> public class WindowManagementModule : IModule { private bool isActive; /// <summary> /// A single-writer-multiple-reader queue for WindowFocusEvent /// </summary> [Import] public WindowFocusEventProducer WindowFocusEventProducer { get; private set; } /// <summary> /// A single-writer-multiple-reader queue for WindowMovementEvent /// </summary> [Import] public WindowMovementEventProducer WindowMovementEventProducer { get; private set; } /// <summary> /// A single-writer-multiple-reader queue for WindowResizingEvent /// </summary> [Import] public WindowResizingEventProducer WindowResizingEventProducer { get; private set; } /// <summary> /// A single-writer-multiple-reader queue for WindowStateChangedEvent /// </summary> [Import] public WindowStateChangedEventProducer WindowStateChangedEventProducer { get; private set; } public static Guid Identifier { get; } = new Guid("FAB5BC0D-8B33-4DFD-9FA3-C58E0F1435B5"); Guid IModule.Identifier => Identifier; /// <summary> /// if the module is active or not. /// When a module is being activated, all the producers will start to capture user interacts. /// When a module is being deactivated, all the producers will stop capturing user interacts. /// </summary> public bool IsActive { get => isActive; set => Utility.SetAndDispatch(ref isActive, value, StartCapture, StopCapture); } public void Initialize(bool isEnabled) { if (isEnabled) { WindowFocusEventProducer?.Open(); WindowMovementEventProducer?.Open(); WindowResizingEventProducer?.Open(); WindowStateChangedEventProducer?.Open(); } else { WindowFocusEventProducer?.Close(); WindowMovementEventProducer?.Close(); WindowResizingEventProducer?.Close(); WindowStateChangedEventProducer?.Close(); } } private void StartCapture() { INativeWindowManagement nativeWindowManagement = new NativeWindowManagement(); WindowFocusEventProducer?.StartCapture(nativeWindowManagement); WindowMovementEventProducer?.StartCapture(nativeWindowManagement); WindowResizingEventProducer?.StartCapture(nativeWindowManagement); WindowStateChangedEventProducer?.StartCapture(nativeWindowManagement); } private void StopCapture() { WindowFocusEventProducer?.StopCapture(); WindowMovementEventProducer?.StopCapture(); WindowResizingEventProducer?.StopCapture(); WindowStateChangedEventProducer?.StopCapture(); } } }


Introduction to web scraping with python
What is web scraping?
This is the process of extracting information from a webpage by taking advantage of patterns in the web page’s underlying code.
We can use web scraping to gather unstructured data from the internet, process it and store it in a structured format.
In this walkthrough, we’ll be storing our data in a JSON file.
Alternatives to web scraping
Though web scraping is a useful tool in extracting data from a website, it’s not the only means to achieve this task.
Before starting to web scrape, find out if the page you seek to extract data from provides an API.
robots.txt file
Ensure that you check the robots.txt file of a website before making your scrapper. This file tells if the website allows scraping or if they do not.
To check for the file, simply type the base URL followed by “/robots.txt” An example is, “mysite.com/robots.txt”.
For more about robots.txt files click here.
Getting started
In this tutorial, we’ll be extracting data from books to scrape which you can use to practise your web scraping.
We’ll extract the title, rating, link to more information about the book and the cover image of the book. Code can be found on GitHub.
Importing libraries
The python libraries perform the following tasks.
- requests - will be used to make Http requests to the webpage.
- json - we’ll use this to store the extracted information to a JSON file.
- BeautifulSoup - for parsing HTML.
import requests
import json
from bs4 import BeautifulSoup
walkthrough
We’re initializing three variables here.
- header-HTTP headers provide additional parameters to HTTP transactions. By sending the appropriate HTTP headers, one can access the response data in a different format.
- base_url - is the webpage we want to scrape since we’ll be needing the URL quite often, it’s good to have a single initialization and reuse this variable going forward.
- r - this is the response object returned by the get method. Here, we pass the base_url and header as parameters.
header = {'User-Agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows; U; Windows NT 5.1; en-US; rv:<IP_ADDRESS>) Gecko/2009021910 Firefox/3.0.7'}
base_url = "http://books.toscrape.com/"
r = requests.get(base_url, headers=header)
To ensure our scraper runs when the http response is ok we’ll use the if statement as a check. The number 200 is the status code for Ok. To get a list of all codes and their meanings check out this resource.
We’ll then parse the response object using the BeautifulSoup method and store the new object to a variable called soup.
if r.status_code == 200:
soup = BeautifulSoup(r.text, 'html.parser')
books = soup.find_all('li',attrs={"class":"col-xs-6 col-sm-4 col-md-3 col-lg-3"})
result=[]
for book in books:
title=book.find('h3').text
link=base_url +book.find('a')['href']
stars = str(len(book.find_all('i',attrs= {"class":"icon-star"}))) + " out of 5"
price="$"+book.find('p',attrs={'class':'price_color'}).text[2:]
picture = base_url + book.find('img')['src']
single ={'title':title,'stars':stars,'price':price,'link':link,'picture':picture}
result.append(single)
with open('books.json','w') as f:
json.dump(result,f,indent=4)
else:
print(r.status_code)
import pandas as pd
df = pd.read_json('books.json')
df.head()
| link | picture | price | stars | title | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | http://books.toscrape.com/catalogue/a-light-in... | http://books.toscrape.com/media/cache/2c/da/2c... | $51.77 | 5 out of 5 | A Light in the ... |
| 1 | http://books.toscrape.com/catalogue/tipping-th... | http://books.toscrape.com/media/cache/26/0c/26... | $53.74 | 5 out of 5 | Tipping the Velvet |
| 2 | http://books.toscrape.com/catalogue/soumission... | http://books.toscrape.com/media/cache/3e/ef/3e... | $50.10 | 5 out of 5 | Soumission |
| 3 | http://books.toscrape.com/catalogue/sharp-obje... | http://books.toscrape.com/media/cache/32/51/32... | $47.82 | 5 out of 5 | Sharp Objects |
| 4 | http://books.toscrape.com/catalogue/sapiens-a-... | http://books.toscrape.com/media/cache/be/a5/be... | $54.23 | 5 out of 5 | Sapiens: A Brief History ... |
Let’s take a look at a single record from our webpage to identify the patterns. Once we can see the page, we’ll loop through every record in the page as they contain similar traits.
From the image above, we’ll notice that all books are contained within a list item with the class.
col-xs-6 col-sm-4 col-md-3 col-lg-3
By using the find_all()
method, we can find all references of this HTML tag in the webpage. we pass the tag as the first argument and then using the attrs argument which takes in a python dictionary, we can specify attributes of the HTML tag selected. In this case, it was a class indicated above, but you can even use id as an attribute.
Store the result in a variable, I chose the name books.
title = book.find('h3').text
link = base_url + book.find('a')['href']
If we observe keenly, we’ll notice that each of the elements we want to extract is nested within the list item tag are all contained in similar tags, in the example above. The title of the book is between h3
tags.
The find()
method returns the first matching tag.
text
will simply return any text found within the tags specified.
For the anchor tags, we’ll be extracting the hyper reference link.
As opposed to h3
tag, the href
element is within anchor tags in HTML. Like so:

In this case, the returned object will behave like a dictionary where we have a
dictionary_name[key]
We do this iteratively for all the values we seek to extract because we are taking advantage of the pattern in the underlying code of the webpage. Hence the use of the python for loop.
The extracted elements are then stored in respective variables which we’ll put in a dictionary. With this information, we can then comfortably append the dictionary object to the initialized result list set before our for loop.
single ={'title':title,'stars':stars,'price':price,'link':link,'picture':picture}
result.append(single)
with open('books2.json','w') as f:
json.dump(result,f,indent=4)
Finally, store the python list in a JSON file by the name “books.json” with an indent of 4 for readability purposes.


Bobby Yang
Joined: 10/09/2008 20:02:26
Messages: 4
Offline
|
Hi,
I am using the java client to resolve timezones and I keep getting a java.net.ProtocolException: Server redirected too many times (20).
Here is a snippet of the stacktrace:
Sep 11, 2008 10:49:41 AM org.geonames.WebService connect
WARNING: problems connecting to geonames server http://ws.geonames.org
java.net.ProtocolException: Server redirected too many times (20)
at sun.net.www.protocol.http.HttpURLConnection.getInputStream(HttpURLConnection.java:1182)
at org.geonames.WebService.connect(Unknown Source)
at org.geonames.WebService.timezone(Unknown Source)
I copied some source from WebService.connect into a test case I wrote and was able to pinpoint to line 148 of WebService.java:
conn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", USER_AGENT);
When I exclude that line from the source I copied into my test case, the problem goes away. I am not sure why setting a request property on the connection would cause such an exception. Is anyone else having the same problem?  Ideally I would not have to keep my own renegade copy of WebService.java in my src.
|


Docker
Docker and Docker Compose will need to be installed in order to use the commands in this section.
Building Reaper Docker Image
Prerequisite
The generation of the Docker image requires that the JAR file be built and placed in the src/packages directory. If the JAR package is missing from the directory then it can built using either the steps in the Docker package build section (above), or in the Building from Source section.
Building Image
To build the Reaper Docker Image which is then added to the local image cache using the cassandra-reaper:latest
tag, run the following command from the top level directory.
mvn -pl src/server/ docker:build -Ddocker.directory=src/server/src/main/docker
Docker Hub Image
A prebuilt Docker Image is available for download from Docker Hub. The image TAG
can be specified when pulling the image from Docker Hub to pull a particular version. Set:
TAG=master
to run Reaper with the latest commitsTAG=latest
to run Reaper with the latest stable release
To pull the image from Docker Hub with a particular tag, run the following command.
docker pull thelastpickle/cassandra-reaper:${TAG}
Start Docker Environment
Using Docker
Reaper can be executed within a Docker container with either an ephemeral memory storage or persistent database.
In-Memory Backend
To launch a Reaper container backed by an In-Memory backend, use the following example with the appropriate JMX authentication settings for the cluster it will manage repairs for.

Cassandra Backend
To launch a Reaper container backed by Cassandra, use the following example to connect to a Cassandra cluster that already has the reaper_db
keyspace. Set the appropriate JMX authentication settings for the cluster that Reaper will manage repairs for.

Using Docker Compose
The Docker Compose services available allow for orchestration of an environment that uses Reaper’s default settings. This provides a quick way to start Reaper and become familiar with its usage without the need of additional infrastructure. The environment created using Docker Compose comprises a single containerised Apache Cassandra node and a single containerised Reaper service.
In addition to the environment using Reaper’s default settings, Docker Compose services are provided that allow orchestration of an environment in which the connections between Reaper and Cassandra are SSL encrypted. The services which create this environment contain a -ssl
suffix in their name.
It is also possible to automate registering the Cassandra cluster with Reaper and making Reaper start repairing non-system keyspaces automatically. To register a cluster, run the Reaper image with the register-cluster
command:
register-clusters:
image: cassandra-reaper:latest
links:
- cassandra
- reaper-in-memory
command: ["register-clusters", "cassandra:7199", "reaper-in-memory", "8080"]
The register-clusters
arguments are:
cassandra:7199
- host and (JMX) port of a node in the cluster we want to register.reaper-in-memory
- hostname of the Reaper instance.8080
- the port on which Reaper listens on.
To make Reaper automatically start repairs, make sure the following environment variables are set:
REAPER_AUTO_SCHEDULING_ENABLED="True"
REAPER_AUTO_SCHEDULING_TIME_BEFORE_FIRST_SCHEDULE="PT1M"
REAPER_AUTO_SCHEDULING_PERIOD_BETWEEN_POLLS="PT1M"
All available Docker Compose services can be found in the docker-compose.yml file.
Default Settings Environment
From the top level directory change to the src/packaging directory:
cd src/packaging
Start the Cassandra cluster:
docker-compose up cassandra
The nodetool
Docker Compose service can be used to check on the Cassandra node’s status:
docker-compose run nodetool status
You can alternatively attach directly to the Cassandra container and run nodetool status
from within it by running:
docker-compose exec cassandra /bin/bash
Now that you have a bash shell in the container, you can run nodetool -u reaperUser -pwf /etc/cassandra/jmxremote.password
.
Once the Cassandra node is online and accepting CQL connections, create the required reaper_db
Cassandra keyspace to allow Reaper to save its cluster and scheduling data.
By default, the reaper_db
keyspace is created using a replication factor of 1. To change this replication factor, provide the intended replication factor as an optional argument:
docker-compose run cqlsh-initialize-reaper_db [$REPLICATION_FACTOR]
Wait a few moments for the reaper_db
schema change to propagate, then start Reaper:
docker-compose up reaper
SSL Encrypted Connections Environment
From the top level directory change to the src/packaging directory:
cd src/packaging
Generate the SSL Keystore and Truststore which will be used to encrypt the connections between Reaper and Cassandra.
docker-compose run generate-ssl-stores
Start the Cassandra cluster which encrypts both the JMX and Native Protocol:
docker-compose up cassandra-ssl
The nodetool-ssl
Docker Compose service can be used to check on the Cassandra node’s status:
docker-compose run nodetool-ssl status
Once the Cassandra node is online and accepting encrypted SSL connections via the Native Transport protocol, create the required reaper_db
Cassandra keyspace to allow Reaper to save its cluster and scheduling data.
By default, the reaper_db
keyspace is created using a replication factor of 1. To change this replication factor, provide the intended replication factor as an optional argument:
docker-compose run cqlsh-initialize-reaper_db-ssl [$REPLICATION_FACTOR]
Wait a few moments for the reaper_db
schema change to propagate, then start the Reaper service that will establish encrypted connections to Cassandra:
docker-compose up reaper-ssl
Access The Environment
Once started, the UI can be accessed through:
http://<IP_ADDRESS>:8080/webui/
A nodetool
Docker Compose service is included for both the default and SSL encrypted environments to allow nodetool
commands to be performed on Cassandra.
For the default environment use:
docker-compose run nodetool status
For the SSL encrypted environment use:
docker-compose run nodetool-ssl status
When adding the Cassandra node to the Reaper UI with the IP address, the above commands can be used to find the node IP address. You can also add the Cassandra node to the Reaper UI by hostname. The container’s hostname is the docker-compose service name.
A cqlsh
Docker Compose service is included as well for both the default and SSL encrypted environments to allow the creation of user tables in Cassandra.
For the default environment use:
docker-compose run cqlsh
For the SSL encrypted environment use:
docker-compose run cqlsh-ssl
Destroying the Docker Environment
When terminating the infrastructure, use the following command to stop all related Docker Compose services:
docker-compose down
To completely clean up all persistent data, delete the ./data/
directory:
rm -rf ./data/


Pitchathon is an event, enabling aspiring entrepreneurs to plan and start-up their ventures. The event is open to all students, coming from technical and non-technical fields of interest. Under the mission of bringing the aptitudinal and diverse Indian entrepreneurship community together to bring a change and add value in the lives of people.
Ennovab, the Entrepreneurial Innovation Lab of SRM AP, organized the first ever 24-hour business plan competition of SRM AP....
Read morePitch-A-Thon is an offline event and as a participant you will need to be present at SRM AP campus.
Students enrolled in any college in India can apply for the event.
No, Registrations are completely free of cost.
Yes, Absolutely, accomodation will be provided in the college itself for 14th - 15th March, we'll make sure you don't go back empty stomach.
We are looking for people who innovate and can build crazy, unique solutions to real-world problems.
You can form a team of up to 4 people. Neither less than nor more than 4 members. Most teams aim to have a mix of people with both design, developer and entrepreneur skills.
No travel reimbursements will not be provided.
Just fill out the application form, You can only form your team after coming to the event.
This 24 Hour event focuses on every skill necessary for a future entrepreneur be it speed dating, roasting or pitching. At every step, students learn how business unfolds. The purpose of a successful pitch is to have investors willing to invest in your company. So, when you successfully deliver what an investor wants, you will have a truly compelling pitch. At the end of Pitchathon, we ensure that you meet the right people, in the right business atmosphere through effective curation and leverage the best network to grow your business to the next level.
Bring your student ID, laptop and chargers. A pillow and sleeping bag may be useful as well. Please leave anything illegal at home.
Yes. Creativity is independent of your technical skills. You can learn the tools and technologies anytime.
Environmental issues, Non-profit, Education, Health, Agriculture, Medical, Media and Open innovation are the themes for this event.


A subsystem on a robot is a distinct part of the robot that performs a certain function. Within the command based robot framework, subsystems are encapsulated (represented) by classes.
Subsystems can contain the following attributes:
Note: Simple subsystems may be missing one or more of these attributes.
Default commands are commands that run on a subsystem when no other command is running that requires the subsystem. They are the default behavior for the subsystem. This is often as simple as a do nothing command so that when a command driving the robot stops, the drive train of the robot stops as opposed to continuing the last motion it was given. It's also possible to have more complicated default commands such as a turret that continuously tracks a target when not doing anything else.
Default commands are created just like any other command. The only minor difference when creating default commands is that you should generally have the isFinished() method return false so that the command is running continuously as opposed to stopping and restarting continuously when no other command is running.


PRO TIP:
HINT:
CODE
CODE
XML -- DONT FORGET TO ESCAPE
Hit the next arrow...
... to step through ...
any type
grow
shrink
roll-in
fade-out
highlight-red
highlight-green
highlight-blue
These guys come in two forms, inline:
The nice thing about standards is that there are so many to choose from
and block:
For years there has been a theory that millions of monkeys typing at random on millions of typewriters would reproduce the entire works of Shakespeare. The Internet has proven this theory to be untrue.


{{ key.user.first_name }},
The following SSH public key was added to your account {% if request.META.SERVER_NAME %} on {{ request.META.SERVER_NAME }} {% endif %} {% if request.META.REMOTE_ADDR %} from {{ request.META.REMOTE_ADDR }}{% if request.META.REMOTE_HOST %} ({{ request.META.REMOTE_HOST }}){% endif %}{% endif %}:
Name: {{ key.name }}
Fingerprint: {{ key.fingerprint }}
If you believe this key was added in error then you should click here and delete the key.


Log me out from:
Facebook
Gmail
Logout after (minimum: 20sec):
sec
min
Show me an alert before the logout:
Save


{{ _(
'Lokole is a project of the Canadian-Congolese non-profit organization '
'Ascoderu that enables rural communities to cheaply and sustainably access '
"the global communications network via email. As such, Lokole is Ascoderu's "
'contribution to the United Nations Sustainable Development Goal 9: '
'achieving global sustainable communications infrastructure.'
) }}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro _how_does_it_work() %}
{{ _('How does it work?') }}
{{ _(
'The Lokole is a small device that creates a local network: the Lokole '
'WiFi. You can connect to this network with any device: your phone, '
'your tablet or your laptop. Once on the network, you access the '
'Lokole website where you read and write emails via your Ascoderu '
'account. Once per day, when the cost of bandwidth is cheapest the '
"Lokole then transmits everyone's emails to the cloud. "
'In this way, many people can pool their resources to make email '
'available for everyone.'
) }}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro _meet_nzola() %}
{{
_meet(
'Nzola',
[_('Founder'), _('CEO')],
_(
'Nzola is a native of the DRC in Africa who now lives in Victoria, '
'Canada. While being employed by the humanitarian organization '
'Mission Aviation Fellowship in the Congo, Angola, Namibia, South '
'Africa and Zambia for 19 years, Nzola developed expertise with '
'communications devices and an acute understanding of the '
'communication problems in rural sub-saharan Africa.'
))
}}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro _meet_laura() %}
{{
_meet(
'Laura',
[_('Operations')],
_(
'Laura is a self-taught developer and passionate advocate for '
'positive change and justice with a MSc in International '
'Development. Laura has dedicated 10 years of her life supporting '
'local and international NGOs. Before supporting Ascoderu, she '
'worked at the British Columbia Council for International '
'Cooperation (BCCIC) and for Amnesty International.'
))
}}
{% endmacro %}
{% macro _meet_clemens() %}
{{
_meet(
'Clemens',
[_('Development')],
_(
'Clemens is a full-stack software developer who spent much of his '
'life in Togo, Mali and Zambia and is now based in Vancouver, '
'Canada. He honed his software chops working on large-scale projects '
'at Amazon and Microsoft and on open-source projects such as the '
'sharing platform yunity. Clemens now drives the development of all '
"technical aspects of Ascoderu's projects."
))
}}
{% endmacro %}


Living on the edge
What does it mean ? We don't know.. Living on the edge is dangerous..
One column
nb
Langage
4
Fonction
1
Twos column
nb
avg
Langage
4
3
Fonction
-1
-0.2


PlacemarkStory.com is the easiest way to create and share beautiful interactive map stories. Creating a map is as simple as defining a series of event locations using a unique and intuitive interface, which allows place to be defined interactively on a map, using an address or current location, or even automatically based on the location that images were captured. Points of interest can be assigned additional attributes such as descriptions, images, or hyperlinks, and PlacemarkStory transforms the data into a shareable interactive map hosted in a personalized gallery.
For my flagship project, I felt it was important to create an application that drew from my interest in Geography while filling a gap in the market; a real product that people would enjoy using. In the process, I believe I demonstrated a deep understanding of the course's concepts by generalizing them to a point that the original lessons are unrecognizable in the finished product. Blog posts to a database became geoJSON datapoints on a map, adding items to a todo list became an AJAX system for realtime updating, and all of the behaviors are implemented using code that I am every bit as proud of as the application's user-facing functionality.
Features:
- Intuitive, powerful UI
- Automatic location parsing
- Asynchronous streaming
- Responsive styles
- Innovative guest system
- Custom validation system
- Advanced API integration
- geoJSON back end


Converts a DataFrame object into an Array of objects and then back to a DataFrame
A data-forge DataFrame
The columns within the Scaffold
The number of rows and columns
Converts an Array of objects into a DataFrame
Array of objects
Applies a predicate to every column or row. Used for mutating data in a broadcast fashion. Similar to Pandas DataFrame.apply.
A function of the signature: (Series) => (Series)
0 for columns, 1 for rows
A Scaffold in which the predicate has been applied to the axis
Element-wise application of a given predicate to Scaffold data. Similar to Pandas DataFrame.applymap.
A function of the signature: (any) => (any)
A Scaffold in which every element has been modified by the predicate
Apply a predicate to a given row and assign its results to a new column
A function of the signature: (Series) => (any)
New column to be assigned
A Scaffold with a new column appended
A string or Array of strings
A Scaffold with only these columns
Drops rows according to a predicate applied to the columns of each row. The inverse of filter.
A function of the signature: (any) => (boolean)
Columns of each row the predicate will be applied to
"any" drop the row if any column is true, "all" drop row only if all columns are true
Drops rows that contain undefined, null, NaN or ""
Columns of each row to be checked
"any" drop the row if any column is null, "all" drop row only if all columns are null
Fills in an element matching the nullset (from) to a given value (to). Similar to Pandas DataFrame.fillna.
Set of null values
Fill value
Filters rows according to a predicate applied to the columns of each row. The inverse of drop.
A function of the signature: (any) => (boolean)
Columns of each row the predicate will be applied to
"any" keep the row if any column is true, "all" keep row only if all columns are true
Converts an Array of objects into a new Scaffold
Array of objects
Converts a DataFrame into a new Scaffold (same as constructor)
DataFrame
Converts an objects into a Scaffold with key and value columns
Non-nested object to be converted
Scaffold with key and value columns
Group by column and aggregate the results by aggregator. Similar to Pandas DataFrame.group_by.
A function of signature: (DataFrame) => (any)
Column to group by
Grouped and aggregated Scaffold
Number of rows from the top
The first N number of rows
Index over the rows (similar to Pandas API) Indices are reset upon method return
The index of the first row to include
1 plus the index of the last row to include
Scaffold with row indices that sit witin the given range
API similar to Pandas DataFrame.loc, wherein the user can index over the rows and columns of a Scaffod
A row index or Array of row indices (must be numbers)
A column or Array of columns (must be strings)
A Scaffold that only includes the specified rows and columns
Prints Scaffold data to console
Renames the columns to the given names. Requieres that the length of the new columns and their order be correct.
New column names
A Scaffold with new column names
Sort Scaffold by a given column according to a given predicate
A function of the signature: (any) => (number)
Column to be sorted
Lowest value to highest
A Scaffold sorted by the values the given column
Number of rows from the bottom
The last N number of rows
An Array of rows (likely objects)
DataFrame
Converts Scaffold into lut object (lookup table). Unique value of given column are cast as keys Rows as Arrays of objects are cast as values per key
Column to group by
Lut object
Example>>> data = new Scaffold().from_array([ {a: 1, b: 10, c: 100}, {a: 2, b: 20, c: 200}, {a: 2, b: 30, c: 300}, ]).to_lut("a"); { 1: [ {a: 1, b: 10, c: 100} ], 2: [ {a: 2, b: 20, c: 200}, {a: 2, b: 30, c: 300}, ] }
Converts a Scaffold into an object. Requires key and value columns.
Column to be used as the objects keys
Column to be used as the objects values
Transpose, same as Pandas DataFrame.transpose.
Transposed Scaffold
A Scaffold with unique rows
Scaffold is a class which wraps and extends data-forge DataFrames. It's API is conformed to be more like Pandas DataFrames and should be thought of as a TypeScript equivalent.


This is a JSON-P demostration. We are making a request to http://localhost:3000/req/1/jsonp?callback=myCallback. The function "myCallback" is specified on this page and accepts a parameter. Behind the scences, a SCRIPT tag will be created and inside it will have a function invocation passing in the data from the server. Note that this is a hack and requires the cooperation of the external API.


Performs the change-point detection in regression coefficients of linear model by partitioning the regression coefficients into two classes of smoothness. The change-point and the regression coefficients are jointly estimated.
| Version: | 1.1.0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.4.0) |
| Imports: | fda, mgcv |
| Published: | 2018-08-29 |
| Author: | Hyeyoung Maeng [aut, cre], Piotr Fryzlewicz [aut] |
| Maintainer: | Hyeyoung Maeng <h.maeng at lse.ac.uk> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL] |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | srp results |
| Reference manual: | srp.pdf |
| Package source: | srp_1.1.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: srp_1.1.0.zip, r-release: srp_1.1.0.zip, r-oldrel: srp_1.1.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: srp_1.1.0.tgz, r-oldrel: srp_1.1.0.tgz |
| Old sources: | srp archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=srp to link to this page.


1. Get playlist
2. Create 'tracks'
Danceability: "Describes how suitable a track is for dancing based on a combination of musical elements including tempo, rhythm stability, beat strength, and overall regularity."
3. Get danceability scores
4.  Replace original playlist


| 010:064 Khan | : |
For them are glad tidings, in the life of the present world (i.e. righteous dream seen by the person himself or shown to others), and in the Hereafter. No change can there be in the Words of Allah, this is indeed the supreme success. |
| 010:064 Maulana | : |
For them is good news in this world's life and in the Hereafter. There is no changing the words of Allah. That is the mighty achievement. |
| 010:064 Pickthal | : |
Theirs are good tidings in the life of the world and in the Hereafter - There is no changing the Words of Allah - that is the Supreme Triumph. |
| 010:064 Rashad | : |
For them, joy and happiness in this world, as well as in the Hereafter. This is GOD's unchangeable law. Such is the greatest triumph. |
| 010:064 Sarwar | : |
will receive glad news both in this life and in the life hereafter. The words of God do not change. This alone is the supreme triumph. |
| 010:064 Shakir | : |
They shall have good news in this world's life and in the hereafter; there is no changing the words of Allah; that is the mighty achievement. |
| 010:064 Sherali | : |
For them are glad tidings in the present life and also in the Hereafter - there is no changing the words of ALLAH - that indeed is the supreme achievement. |
| 010:064 Yusufali | : |
For them are glad tidings, in the life of the present and in the Hereafter; no change can there be in the words of Allah. This is indeed the supreme felicity. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: الإيمان > الإيمان بالله > حقيقة الإيمان Faith> Belief In Allah> The Reality of Faith الإيمان > المؤمنون > ولاية الله للمؤمنين Faith> The Believers> Allah Protection of the Believers
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


Wikipedia is a key source of information in the big data era. The content should be objective and without any kind of bias. However, after this analysis, we can state that there exists a difference in the way people portray women and men on the platform.


Charlie Lee
HOME
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Bitcoin is a revolutionary system that is quite complex and has a high learning curve. Make sure you have a decent grasp of the system before you store a significant amount of value in it. Note that this list is open source; please suggest additions on Github!


Microservice supporting the following user stories
- I can pass a string as a parameter, and it will check to see whether that string contains either a unix timestamp or a natural language date (example: January 1, 2016)
- If it does, it returns both the Unix timestamp and the natural language form of that date.
- If it does not contain a date or Unix timestamp, it returns null for those properties.
Test strings:


If you plan to take a postgraduate master’s course from 1 August 2016, you may be able to get a Postgraduate Loan to help with course fees and living costs.
You have to repay your Postgraduate Loan at the same time as any other student loans you have. You’ll be charged interest from the day you get the first payment.
You can also get extra support if you have a disability .
If you apply for a Postgraduate Loan, you won’t be eligible for an Adult Dependants’ Grant, a Childcare Grant or Parents’ Learning Allowance.


Find online marketplaces
Reach over 2 billion consumers online around the world. Get exclusive deals negotiated on behalf of UK businesses.
Service: Find online marketplaces{{ top_importer.partner }} is the largest importer in your sector with a value of ${{ top_importer.global_trade_value|intword|intcomma }}
${{ top_importer.uk_export_value|intword|intcomma }}, is the total value of exports in this sector from the UK in 2016
{{ sector_name }}
Select a different product category
Statistics like export values and gross domestic product can show you the potential size of a market. Information like how easy it is to do business in a country will help you decide how attractive the market is.
*The World Bank’s Doing Business project ranks economies from 1 to 190 on the how easy their regulatory environment makes it to start a local business, with 1 being the easiest.
The data is for 2016. This page was updated on 30 October 2017.
All import and export values are the value of exports a country has reported to UN Comtrade, DESA/UNSD.
Use our data visualisation tool to get more import and export data.
The UK government takes no responsibility for this data.
Read the export guidance we've selected for your experience level. You can come back to this page at any time, but you'll need to register if you want to save your progress.
Get promoted internationally with a free trade profile.
Reach over 2 billion consumers online around the world. Get exclusive deals negotiated on behalf of UK businesses.
Service: Find online marketplacesFind and apply for overseas opportunities from businesses looking for products or services like yours.
Service: Find export opportunitiesGet promoted internationally with a free trade profile.


ca.ualberta.cs.cmput301w15t12
public static final class R.drawable extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
static int |
both |
static int |
flagged |
static int |
globe |
static int |
globeflag |
static int |
globereceipt |
static int |
home |
static int |
ic_launcher |
static int |
none |
static int |
planeone |
static int |
planethree |
static int |
planetwo |
static int |
receipt |
static int |
trio |
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
R.drawable() |
public static final int both
public static final int flagged
public static final int globe
public static final int globeflag
public static final int globereceipt
public static final int home
public static final int ic_launcher
public static final int none
public static final int planeone
public static final int planethree
public static final int planetwo
public static final int receipt
public static final int trio


Retreive information about pointer (mouse, pen, finger, ...) state.
Visible width. Between 0 and 1024.
Create an atlas that can be used immediatly even if the needed assets are not yet loaded.
You can provide a callback function that will be called when the assets are loaded.
Start rendering.
When a frame is rendered, the function onAnimation( time: number )
is called.
Stop rendering.
Define which painter to use and in what order. For better performance, prefer putting background painters at the end of the list.
Generated using TypeDoc
Visible height. Between 0 and 1024.


Welcome again to Politico App.Contribute to a nation by giving it good leadership. Politico enables citizens to give their mandate to politicians running for different government offices while building trust in the process through transparency.
Due to possibility of posponing government programs by obstacles like climate conditions or traffic jam we have this app to help us to continue government programs in everyone comfortable condition. This app is evidence of transparence and democracy also in our nation because it has way of showing how politician are being voted


Strange 9% Yield From Ellington Financial Is Ready To Disappoint
by Colorado Wealth Management FundSummary
- EFC recently made an announcement that they were issuing new equity.
- This was something we saw coming and one of the reasons we were bearish on Ellington Financial.
- EFC put on an incredible rally earlier this year. The resulting price-to-book ratio reached levels that weren’t seen since 2014.
- By predicting the equity issuance, we were able to appropriately time a very brief bearish rating that produced annualized returns of 124%.
- Following the catalyst that sent EFC’s shares lower, we are back to a boring old neutral rating. We’ll demonstrate how we saw it coming, so next time you can be ready.
Some investments may confuse you to a great degree. We are here to tell you that it doesn’t have to be so difficult. Mortgage REITs can be confusing even to the best analysts who haven’t taken the time to learn how they work.
No.
Kidding.
Let’s go over some recent events and how we saw them coming.
Ellington Financial (EFC) recently made a public offering of 4.2m common shares:
This may have come as a surprise for some. It did not for us. Many investors have a difficult time grappling with when a mortgage REIT should or should not issue equity. Further, they may have a difficult time understanding if it was a good or bad idea for various reasons. We are going to share the article from Wednesday (11/13/2019) for a couple of reasons
- Partially break down how mortgage REITs work
- Help investors to understand why mortgage REITs issue equity
Here's the headline for the article we posted on 11/13/2019:
The following information comes from the above article. Prices will be different today than referenced in the article. At the time of submitting this article to Seeking Alpha’s public side, shares of EFC last traded at $18.13 (early afternoon on Thursday 11/21/2019). We begin the initial article below:
EFC Today - 11/13/2019
Ellington Financial is a non-agency mortgage REIT with an emphasis on credit risk. They own a small pool of agency RMBS, but most of their assets are focused on credit. We're highlighting them because their price-to-book ratio very recently hit a level we haven't seen in five years. That level is 1.00 and we believe EFC will use the higher ratio to issue new equity, causing the price to fall lower. Our bearish view is triggered by the price exceeding projected book value, even by a penny. Below that the view is "neutral," but we would be wary about shares being at the top of the neutral range.
EFC History
EFC transformed its company from a “partnership” which issues K-1s into a REIT. The change allows EFC to provide shareholders with a “1099,” just like any other REIT. That makes them dramatically more appealing to many investors and we believe the change is a significant factor in their exceptionally strong price performance over the last seven quarters. However, shares have become dramatically too expensive in our view. It appears unlikely that they will appreciate much further, but they do have plenty of downside risk. Consequently, we are taking a bearish outlook on EFC.
The Price to Book Ratio
Our analysis of mortgage REITs relies heavily on estimated book values. Scott Kennedy’s exceptional work enables us to have frequently updated estimates on book value throughout the sector. Most of the mortgage REIT content will come through Scott, yet you’ll hear a few calls from us as well. We simply enjoy educating investors about mortgage REITs.
Things you should know about price-to-book ratios:
- They are the starting point for good analysis on mortgage REITs.
- If you don’t have a current estimate, you are stuck using the last reported value.
- When you’re running rough numbers, the last reported value works. It’s inferior, but it's still useful.
- When a mortgage REIT trades below a price-to-book ratio of .8, they should be repurchasing shares.
- When a mortgage REIT trades above 1.10, they should be issuing shares.
- We see .8 and 1.10 as the outer edge for those ranges. They could act sooner and most do. Often buybacks start closer to .85 and issuing shares begins by 1.05.
- Those ratios create a soft floor and soft ceiling for the share price.
- Some REITs regularly trade closer to the top end or the bottom end of that range.
Do Those General Principles Apply to EFC?
Let’s take a look at the price to book ratio over time.
We built a chart to track three values, measured each quarter from Q1 2012 through the present day. Those values are:
- Starting book value
- The highest recorded sale price for a share
- The lowest recorded sale price for a share
Those three values create three lines:
Source: The REIT Forum
There are a few observations we want to share here:
- The blue line is far less volatile than the orange line or the gray line.
- The gray line and orange line are highly correlated with each other. That makes sense since the highest price and lowest price shouldn’t be worlds apart. They can be substantially different, but they shouldn’t be too far apart.
- The last time the orange line (the highest price) was above the blue line (starting quarterly book value) was in 2014. It has been more than five years since this occurred.
Why Won’t the Orange Line Shoot Higher?
While it “could” happen, it's extremely unlikely. When the share price exceeds book value, mortgage REITs want to issue new shares. By issuing new shares, they can enhance book value per share. Issuing new shares provides a second benefit though. It also enables them to repurchase shares when the shares trade at a discount.
Imagine Running the Company
You’re interested in buying back stock at a large discount to book because it's a very effective way to grow book value per share. However, each time you do it the “company” becomes a little smaller. You can only shrink the company so far before operating expenses devour the company. Therefore, you have limits on how aggressively you can repurchase stock unless you intend to liquidate the company.
What has EFC Done?
EFC repurchased a substantial amount of shares in prior years. It improved returns for shareholders. It was the right choice. However, this is the time for them to issue new equity. That plan already is underway:
Source: Q3 2019 earnings presentation
Notice that the net proceeds of $69.8 million represent more than 10% of the total equity from the end of the quarter. Net proceeds of $69.8 million for 4.025 million shares indicates average proceeds of $17.34. That’s materially below the ending book value per share of $18.81. When you’ve been aggressively buying back stock at a big discount, you may want to reload by issuing at a small discount.
Better Issuing Today
Today, the price-to-book ratio is stronger than it was before. If it was appealing to issue then, it's even more appealing to issue now. We should see EFC looking to pump out as much equity as they can. That way, they have the flexibility to begin repurchase shares if the price-to-book drops significantly.
When Will It Drop?
We can’t know when the price-to-book ratio will drop, but we doubt it will climb much higher. That makes the risk/reward profile a bit skewed.
We can reasonably say:
- Dividends will most likely continue to be paid (though the amount can change and very few residential mortgage REITs are increasing dividends, decreases are common).
- The price-to-book ratio probably won’t go much higher.
- The price-to-book ratio could decline significantly.
- Book value probably won’t climb dramatically.
Therefore, we have a significant potential for a material decrease in the price, but relatively little chance for it to increase beyond the current values.
Why Does Book Value Matter?
Imagine you are buying bonds and want to earn more interest income. You could carefully evaluate different bonds and try to find the ones with the best risk/reward traits. That would be a good start. However, once you have located them, you’ll have a much easier time if you have more money. If you can invest $20 million, you’ll generate more income than if you could only invest $19 million.
When a mortgage REIT increases book value per share, they are investing more capital on behalf of each share. Consequently, their ability to generate income in future periods depends entirely on their book value per share.
When Does Book Value Matter Less?
The only time book value really loses importance is when the mortgage REIT has an absurd level of compensation expense. Whether that goes to internal management or external management, high levels of compensation (or management fees) wreck future returns. If we spot high compensation expense, we alert investors. The overall operating expenses at EFC are not unreasonable. They are a little toward the high end of the range we consider normal, but they are within the bell curve.
Since we are not handing out any red flags for high expenses, we believe book value remains the best metric for evaluating pricing.
Pricing
By our estimates, EFC trades roughly in line with book value. Our latest book value estimate is at $18.60 and the mortgage REIT recently reported Halloween book value at $18.67. That’s a very tight range. The share price is $18.62. We can safely say that $18.62 is extremely close to $18.60 and $18.67.
How Did EFC’s Price Climb?
Shares were expensive in 2013 and the first half of 2014. They were very cheap in late 2018, but they recovered since:
Source: Street Smart Edge
We believe the rally in EFC’s share price is strongly tied to their decision to become a mortgage REIT. It gave them a much wider pool of potential buyers. However, the recent strength has taken them to the point where the share price is going above book value. We expect the company to look for opportunities to issue new stock aggressively.
Comparisons
Let’s use three peers who are each externally managed (like EFC).
We currently own shares of AG Mortgage Investment Trust (MITT).
- Shares of MITT currently trade at $15.47, compared to an estimated book value of $17.05. That creates a price-to-book ratio of .91 for MITT.
- Two Harbors (TWO) carries a price-to-book ratio of .97.
- Western Asset Mortgage Capital (WMC) also carries a price-to-book ratio of .97.
- Remember that EFC has a price-to-book ratio of 1.00.
Historically, we’ve seen higher price-to-book ratios for MITT, TWO, and WMC compared to EFC. Seeing EFC with a higher price to book ratio than any of the other 3 feels quite strange.
Potential Trades
Investors who own EFC could sell, take their gains, and look for new opportunities. There’s no reason to stay on this train.
An investor who wanted to create a “pair trade” could buy MITT and short EFC. The hedge is far from perfect based on prior quarter results and on past price history. However, MITT has the advantage of being relatively cheap while EFC is relatively expensive, so investors could win on either side. These investors would simply be looking for the gap to shrink by 5%. The portfolios have some overlap.
That overlap is seen by comparing the portfolios. First, we have MITT’s portfolio:
Source: MITT
They had 41% in agency RMBS and the rest in other segments. The other segments are generally going to be “credit.” We can compare that to EFC’s portfolio:
Source: EFC
EFC only has 22% in agency securities, but that still makes the overall portfolios roughly comparable. We shouldn’t expect them to have the same results, but there should be some correlation. It's important to point out that lately MITT and EFC have not demonstrated a high correlation. They have similar assets, but their price movements have been materially different so far, as shown below:
First Conclusion
EFC put on an incredible rally. Following the rally, shares are trading very close to book value. In July, the company issued a large number of shares to take advantage of the increasing share price. Today’s market price is materially higher. If it was worth issuing shares in July, it would be extremely appealing to issue them today. If a large issuance is announced, it will most likely shove the share price lower. Consequently, the odds for a dip are dramatically stronger than the odds for a rally in the share price. Rating and price targets from 11/13/2019:
- Current Rating: Overpriced (from 11/13/2019)
- Price ranges: Buy under $16.74
- Neutral between $16.74 and $18.60
- Overpriced above $18.60
- Current Share Price: $18.62 (from 11/13/2019)
- Risk Rating: 4
- Suitable for trading opportunities
Updated Conclusion
As of 11/21/2019, shares of EFC moved down from $18.62 to $18.11. That represents a 2.74% drop in the share price. Not bad for just over a week. The annualized rate of return is 124%. That’s a great call.
The major catalyst we were predicting played out as expected. We would’ve been happy to see a slightly larger drop, but we won’t complain. Further, the decline brought shares into our “neutral range.”
Therefore, we have a neutral outlook on EFC now. We are still far away from the prices where we would consider buying shares, but we have moved out of bearish territory.
We also discussed MITT in this article as a potential peer for a pair trade. We are bullish on MITT. As of submitting this article, shares of MITT last traded at $15.19. MITT continues to offer a materially better value than EFC.
If you're new to reading our articles, you should know that we use preferred shares and equity REITs to create longer-term positions. We use mortgage REIT common shares for trading opportunities because the exceptionally high dividend yields create inefficient share prices. The best time to be trading a stock is when everyone else thinks it isn't possible. That's when you find the least competition and the best returns.
The REIT Forum, Delivering Real Results
The REIT Forum spends over 4500 hours and $40,000 per year generating the best research on REITs. However, subscribers can access our research for less than $.14 per hour. The tools required to generate such research cost far more than the service.
Check out our latest article on a small mortgage REIT yielding over 11% and trading below book value.
Use our 2-week free trial today to join over 800 happy subscribers.
Disclosure: I am/we are long MITT. I wrote this article myself, and it expresses my own opinions. I am not receiving compensation for it (other than from Seeking Alpha). I have no business relationship with any company whose stock is mentioned in this article.


Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesettingindustry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's standard dummy text ever since the 1500s,


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vent
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|
SOLDIER - A soldier
slides diagonally forward any number of empty cells. |
|
KING - A King slides diagonally
backwards any number of empty cells. |
|
TURN - On each turn,
each player must do one of the following actions:
|
Move a friendly piece |
|
Swap a friendly King with a friendly
soldier, provided that they are adjacent and the King is in front
of the soldier. |
|
|
IMPASSE - If a player
does not have a valid move, he must do one of the following things: (i)
remove one of his soldiers from the
board, or (ii) demote
one of his Kings to a soldier.
|
After the impasse, it is the next
player's turn. So, each player can only apply the impasse rule
once for each turn. |
|
This rule only applies at the
beginning of the turn. If a player makes a move which
deprives him of future moves, this does not entitle him to the
impasse. |
|
|
PROMOTION - If a friendly soldier
moves into the player's last row, it will be promoted to a King and
the player must remove another friendly soldier from the board (using
checkers, this means that the removed soldier will be on top of the
promoted one).
|
If there are two soldiers in the
last row (yes, it's possible), the player must immediately promote
one and remove the other. |
|
If there is one soldier in the last
row, and no other soldiers on the board, then the soldier remains uncrowned. |
|
|
DEMOTION - If a friendly King
moves into the player's first row, it will be demoted to a soldier. |
|
GOAL -.Wins the player
that removes all, or all but one of his pieces. |


| None |
|
This command will allow you to leave a For .. Next loop as well as many other types of loops prematurely (assuming a condition was met or other planned event). It exits the IMMEDIATE loop - you'll need one for each 'nest' of loops you want to exit from.
See also: For, While, Repeat. |
|
; EXIT Command sample
For t = 1 To 100 Print t If t = 50 Then Exit Next |


Every member of the Apex Solutions team is challenged and empowered to act with a personal sense of ownership for the success of our candidates, our clients and our company. In the pursuit of this goal, no task is too big or too small for any member of our team to perform.
We understand that being truthful is the key to building and maintaining mutually beneficial relationships. We are transparent with our candidates, our clients, and with each other.
The pursuit of excellence is the defining characteristic of our company and of our people and we are committed to creating and sustaining a working environment that breeds excellence.
We work hard to make a positive impact on the careers, lives and businesses we touch. That’s because we care enough to listen closely to the needs of our candidates and clients, and we go the distance to deliver on our promises.
Etiam posuere hendrerit arcu, ac blandit nulla. Sed congue malesuada nibh, a varius odio vehicula aliquet. Aliquam consequat, nunc quis sollicitudin aliquet, enim magna cursus auctor lacinia nunc ex blandit augue. Ut vitae neque fermentum, luctus elit fermentum, porta augue. Nullam ultricies, turpis at fermentum iaculis, nunc justo dictum dui, non aliquet erat nibh non ex.
Sed congue malesuada nibh, a varius odio vehicula aliquet. Aliquam consequat, nunc quis sollicitudin aliquet, enim magna cursus auctor lacinia nunc ex blandit augue. Ut vitae neque fermentum, luctus elit fermentum, porta augue. Nullam ultricies, turpis at fermentum iaculis, nunc justo dictum dui, non aliquet erat nibh non ex.
Learn MoreEtiam posuere hendrerit arcu, ac blandit nulla. Sed congue malesuada nibh, a varius odio vehicula aliquet. Aliquam consequat, nunc quis sollicitudin aliquet, enim magna cursus auctor lacinia nunc ex blandit augue. Ut vitae neque fermentum, luctus elit fermentum, porta augue. Nullam ultricies, turpis at fermentum iaculis, nunc justo dictum dui, non aliquet erat nibh non ex.
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Version 1.0 26 January 2015
DUE FRIDAY 20 MARCH 11pm
In this assignment you will implement a small calculator that can process simple mathematical expressions that involve only (as input): positive integers, parentheses, and the four operators: addition, subtraction, multiplication, and (floating-point) division. For example, the following expressions are supported:
(12-2)*2/(3+2) 1+1*4 (1) (12)-(45-5) 1/3
but the following are not supported:
-1-2 2.5*4
For this assignment, the graphical portion of the code is implemented for you. Your task is to supply the code responsible for processing the expression and evaluating it, and for detecting errors in invalid expressions.
Evaluating mathematical expressions may seem like a daunting task at first, but it is relatively simple if you choose the right data structures (which we have seen in class) and are familiar with two key concepts: tokenization and reverse Polish notation.
Tokenization is the process of breaking up a sequence of characters into units that are meaningful for a certain task (in our case, computing mathematical expressions). For instance, in the expression 123+456
, it is not convenient to consider the digits individually. Instead, we would prefer to work with a sequence of three units: [123][+][456]
(here square brackets are used as token delimiters). As part of your task, you will write a tokenizer that does three things:
Example of tokenization:
(123+34)/(3*4*5) -> [(][123][+][34][)][/][(][3][*][4][*][5][)]
Mathematical expressions such as (1+2)/3
are in infix notation, that is, the operator is placed between operands. It turns out that evaluating operations directly in infix notation is unnecessarily complex. A better way is to convert infix expressions into Reverse Polish Notation (RPN), where operators follow their operands. In the following examples, the first line is an expression in infix notation and the line below is the same expression in RPN. Note that in RPN parentheses are superfluous and not used.
[1][+][2] [1][2][+] [1][+][1][*][4] [1][1][4][*][+] [(][12][-][2][)][*][2][/][(][3][+][2][)] [12][2][-][2][*][3][2][+][/]
As part of the assignment, one of your task is to convert the original expression in infix notation into its RPN equivalent. To do this, you can pretty much directly implement the famous Shunting-yard algorithm. If you use the previous (Wikipedia) reference, simply omit the steps that involve function calls since function calls are not supported by our calculator. As usual, our four operators are left-associative and multiplication and division have precedence over addition and subtraction.
Once you have an expression in RPN, evaluating it is trivial using a Stack (figuring out how to do this is part of the assignment).
As part of the assignment, we ask you to detect problems in the input string and to flag the first problematic character detected using method flagError
. However, different parts of the computation are "better" at detecting different types of errors, so don't try to detect errors all at once (for example at the beginning), instead, consider the following tips:
(1)(2)
) is easy to detect once you have a fully tokenized expression NOT in RPN.1++2
are easy to detect in the evaluator.You may be able to make the project work on other environments, but we will support the following cross-platform configuration:
Upload a single solution file per group by Friday 20 Mar 11:00pm. Assignments submitted between 11:01pm and 7:00am the next day will receive a -40% absolute penalty. It will not be possible to submit assignments after Saturday 21 Mar 7am. Clear and fixed deadlines ensure fairness and speedier feedback.
There is a natural dependency order in the pieces you need to implement for this assignment and you are strongly encouraged to follow this order:
processExpression
method and test that it produces correct RPN expressions.evaluateExpression
method.If you feel overwhelmed at first, implement a first version that assumes perfectly well-formed expressions. You should be able to add the error checking incrementally after the fact.
Paste this statement in the header of your code. We will not grade your work without it. If you have any doubt about the validity of the content of your submission, contact an instructor or TA before submitting it.
/* ACADEMIC INTEGRITY STATEMENT * * By submitting this file, we state that all group members associated * with the assignment understand the meaning and consequences of cheating, * plagiarism and other academic offenses under the Code of Student Conduct * and Disciplinary Procedures (see www.mcgill.ca/students/srr for more information). * * By submitting this assignment, we state that the members of the group * associated with this assignment claim exclusive credit as the authors of the * content of the file (except for the solution skeleton provided). * * In particular, this means that no part of the solution originates from: * - anyone not in the assignment group * - Internet resources of any kind. * * This assignment is subject to inspection by plagiarism detection software. * * Evidence of plagiarism will be forwarded to the Faculty of Science's disciplinary * officer. */
Your grade will be based 80% on correctness (absence of bugs during testing, respect of the requirements), and 20% on general quality and understandability of the code (good names, indentation and layout, comments to clarify anything otherwise obscure).
You can post clarification and background questions to the Assignment 3 discussion forum. The coordinator in charge of collecting all the submissions for this assignment is Xiaozhong Chen. He can be contacted for any questions regarding the submission process except about the submission deadline, which is fixed. For anything having to do with groups, contact Faiz Khan.