openSession()
method if the returned org.hibernate.Session
resource is not safely closed.
By default, inspection assumes that the resources can be closed by any method with a close
or cleanup
in the name.
Example:
void doHibernateQuery(SessionFactory factory) { Session session = factory.openSession(); //warning session.createQuery("..."); }
Use the first checkbox below to specify if a org.hibernate.Session
resource is allowed to be opened inside a try
block.
Use the second checkbox below to specify that the resource can be closed by any method call with the resource passed as argument.


|
VK
|
Encapsulates TCP communication. More...
#include <TCPThread.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| TCPThread (std::string ip, std::string port, BlockingQueue< std::shared_ptr< IMessage >> &que) | |
| void | connect () |
| State | getState () const |
| void | setState (State state_) |
| void | operator () () |
| runs the thread | |
| void | closeConnection () |
Public Attributes | |
| volatile State | state |
| boost::thread | internalThread |
Encapsulates TCP communication.


This tests that loadContentsOf completely replaces the contents of the previous image with the new one. The canvas below should look like the image above to the right (and should also be the same size).


DevDash
Something catchy. Description of the App
Login
Email Address:
Password:
login
Create an Account
Name:
Email:
password:
signup


Education
University Of Toronto ( Grad. 2019) Candidate for HBSc. Specialization in Software Engineering Teaching Assistant: CSCB07, CSCC01Experience
Meta (WhatsApp) - Menlo Park (Jun 2021 - Jan 2023) Software Engineer - WhatsApp Calling InfraMeta (Oculus) - Menlo Park (Jul 2019 - Jun 2021) Software Engineer - XROS Dev Services
Meta - Menlo Park (Jan - Apr 2018) Software Engineer Intern - Collab Tools Team
Zanbato - Mountain View (May - Sept 2017) Data Engineer Intern - Data Team
BrainVision - Toronto (Feb - Aug 2016) Mobile Developer Intern - Android Team


Tracking COVID-19 Trials and their Results
| index | trial_id | registry | registration_date | start_date | retrospective_registration | sponsor | recruitment_status | phase | study_type | countries | title | study_category | intervention | intervention_list | enrollment | primary_completion_date | full_completion_date | registy_url | results_type | results_published_date | results_url | last_updated | first_seen | cross_registration |
|---|
Data as of 2 June 2020
If you come across trial results, you can submit them here


In today's Web-linked and data-rich world, there is a growing need to manage burgeoning amounts of information effectively. Although indexing and linking documents and other information sources is an important step, capturing the knowledge contained within these diverse sources is crucial for the effective use of large information repositories. Knowledge acquisition has been a challenging area of research in artificial intelligence, with its roots in early work to develop expert systems. Driven by the modern Internet culture and by knowledge-based industries, the study of knowledge acquisition has a renewed importance.
Although there has been considerable work in the area of knowledge capture, activities have been distributed across several distinct research communities. In machine learning, learning apprentices acquire knowledge by nonintrusively watching a user perform a task. In the human-computer interaction community, programming-by-demonstration systems learn to perform a task by watching a user demonstrate how to accomplish it. In knowledge engineering, modeling techniques and design principles have been proposed for knowledge-based systems, often exploiting commonly occurring domain-independent inference structures and reusable domain-specific ontologies. In planning and process management, mixed-initiative systems acquire knowledge about a user's goals by taking commands or accepting advice regarding a task. In natural language processing, tools can process text and create representations of its knowledge content. All of these approaches are related in that they acquire information and organize it in knowledge structures that can be used for reasoning. They are complementary in that they use different techniques and approaches to capture different forms of knowledge.
The aim of K-CAP is to provide a forum in which to bring together disparate research communities whose members are interested in efficiently capturing knowledge from a variety of sources and in creating representations that can be (or eventually can be) useful for reasoning. This conference series promotes multidisciplinary research that could result in a new generation of tools and methodologies for knowledge capture.
The First International Conference on Knowledge Capture was held in October 21-23, 2001 in Victoria, British Columbia. The conference attracted researchers from diverse areas of AI, including knowledge representation, knowledge acquisition, intelligent user interfaces, problem solving and reasoning, planning, agents, text extraction, and machine learning.
A series of Knowledge Acquisition Workshops (KAW) was held from October 1986 every eighteen months until 1999. KAW was always held in Banff (Alberta, Canada) and was hosted by Brian Gaines of the Univerity of Calgary. Brian Gaines retired in 2000, and announced that KAW-99 (its eleventh edition) would be the last one he would host. At that workshop, the KAW community reopened discussions about possibly starting a conference. With Brian Gaines, the co-chairs of the last few editions of KAW were Mark Musen and Rob Kremer and they are both are part of the organizing committee of K-CAP. In addition, a number of people who traditionally attended KAW are part of the program committee, including the KAW steering committee members. We believe that K-CAP is in a good position to attract the KAW community to this new conference. More details on the KAW workshop series can be found at http://ksi.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/KAW/. A parallel series of European Knowledge Acquisition Workshops commenced with EKAW87 in London, England in September 1987. The EKAW series has continued on an annual basis in various European cities. The 11th EKAW was held at Schloss Dagstuhl in Germany, May 26-29, 1999. Similarly to the KAW series, the EKAW community decided to turn the workshop series into a conference. EKAW'2000, the 12th International Conference on Knowledge Engineering and Knowledge Management, was held October 2-6, 2000 in France (http://www-sop.inria.fr/acacia/ekaw2000/). EKAW'2002 will be held October 1-4 in Siguenza, Spain (http://babage.dia.fi.upm.es/ekaw02/ekaw02.htm).
Several AAAI Symposia have been organized that are related to the topics of the conference. In 1996, a AAAI Spring Symposium on "Acquisition, Learning, and Demonstration: Automating Tasks for Users", co-chaired by Yolanda Gil, brought together researchers from hte knowledge acqusition, machine learning, and intelligent user interfaces communities. In 1997, a AAAI Spring Symposium on Artificial Intelligence in Knowledge Management (http://ksi.cpsc.ucalgary.ca/AIKM97/), co-chaired by Mark Musen and Brian Gaines, brought together knowledge acqusition and knowledge representation researchers interested in acquiring adn managing organizational knowledge. A Fall Symposium on "Learning How to Do Things" was also held in November 2001.
In recent years, DARPA has funded several major programs on topics related to Knowledge Capture. The High Performance Knowledge Bases (HPKB) program funded research on knowledge acquisition tools, text extraction, and ontology reuse to support rapic development of large knowledge bases. More recently, the Rapid Knowledge Formation (RKF) program is continuing that work with a focus on tools to enable subject matter experts to author knowledge bases. The Evidence Extraction and Link Discovery (EELD program) funds knowledge representation and machine learning research to derive relational information from factual data. The DARPA/Rome Laboratory Planning Initiative (ARPI) and the more recent Active Templates (AcT) program, funded several projects on user-centered planning and decision aids. The Control of Agent-Based Systems (CoABS) examines relevant topics in agent-based frameworks. The DARPA Agent Markup Language (DAML) program is developing technology to produce semantic markup of Web content. There are many research groups in major research institutions involved in these programs, and the K-CAP conference offers a common forum for presenting their work.
A strong interest in these topics is motivated by the existence of the Internet itself. There is a large community of researchers and practitioners interested in the vision of a Semantic Web where Web resources will contain annotations that can be used to reason about their content and offered services. This vision, initially brought forward by the World Wide Web consortium (http://www.w3c.org/DesignIssues/Semantic.html), is motivating many AI researchers (see http://www.semanticweb.org and http://www.daml.org) to look at the technology that will enable the expression and capture of such annotations. The K-CAP conference provides a forum where this community will be able to share techniques and tools for knowledge authoring and extraction with AI researchers in other areas.
Ken Forbus, Northwestern University
Yolanda Gil, USC/Information Sciences Institute
Mark Musen, Stanford University
Jude Shavlik, University of Wisconsin at Madison
Derek Sleeman, University of Aberdeen


--- layout: page title: "Constructing a Simple Map in R with KML Data and the maps Package" subheadline: "A Map of our Drive to Nicaragua - Part 1: Making the Map" tags: - R - KML - maps - R-sp - R-maps - R-rgeos - R-maptools category: - projects - R add_RHighlight: true comments: true ---
For some time, I wanted to take the route we drove from Colorado to Nicaragua, and animate it. I was inspired to do so from the animation of the Colorado River in the recent Colorado River drought visualization project. Since this project provided the inspiration, I mirrored their approach and created an animated an SVG. As I completed the animation, it seemed as though there are two, somewhat separate, parts to the project: (1) creating an SVG of the map in R and (2) using R, and JavaScript, to animate the driving route. As such, I have split the posts into two parts. Part 1 focuses on making the map, while Part 2 focuses on how to animate the SVG.
In Part 1, we combine KML data from Google Maps with the maps package to create an SVG that we can later animate.
As stated above, the overall goal is to animate the route we took while driving from Colorado to Nicaragua. Though, as Part 1 focuses on making the map, there are a myriad of reasons one might need to combine KML data with existing base maps in R.
In a nutshell, we:
SpatialLines
.For this process, we need the following packages:
library(sp)
library(maptools)
library(magrittr) # for pipe function
library(maps)
library(rgeos) # for gSimplify
After exporting the route we took from our existing Google Map, we read the KML data into R. The maptools package provides a nice way to read in the coordinates from the KML file, which is all we need for this project. In Google Maps, multiple layers are necessary to create the entire route because there is a limitation that only allows 11 way points in each layer. To export the layers, you can create one big KML file or one file for each layer. There were a few layers from Google Maps we did not need and we needed to make sure the coordinates were appended in the correct order. As such, I thought it was simpler to read in multiple KML files rather than trim one giant KML file.
The warning messages of the following code have been suppressed, but it does results in a warning that there is an “incomplete final line” in each KML file.
# kml files to read in, in the order they should be read in
kmlFiles <- paste0(c('DrivingRoute1','DrivingRoute2', 'Ferry',
paste0('DrivingRoute',3:6)),'.kml')
r1 <- do.call(rbind, lapply(kmlFiles, function(x)
as.data.frame(maptools::getKMLcoordinates(paste0('data/',x),TRUE)[[1]])))
names(r1) <- c('long','lat')
The coordinates in the KML files from Google Maps and the maps package use longitude and latitude with the WGS84 datum; this corresponds to EPSG code 4326. It took a little reading and more guess and test work to find a projection that looked decent for the U.S., Mexico, and Central America. Eventually, I selected the Lambert Conformal Conic (LCC) projection for this map. The documentation for the EPSG code lists the parameters that must be set for this projection, and I deferred to other guidance to determine these parameter values.
Both the WGS84 datum and the LCC parameter values are passed to the Coordinate Reference System (CRS
) function and assigned to defProj
and myProj
, respectively, for later use in transforming both the route and the background map to the LCC projection.
defProj <- sp::CRS('+init=epsg:4326') # default datum
# the lambert conformal conic, set based on sites recomendations
myProj <- sp::CRS('+proj=lcc +lat_1=32 +lat_2=44 +lat_0=38 +lon_0=-100 +x_0=False +y_0=False')
The Lambert Azimuth Equal Area projection centered on Mexico City, also looked nice. The code for using this projection is: sp::CRS('+proj=laea +lat_0=19 +lon_0=-99 +x_0=False +y_0=False')
Now that we know what projection system we are starting from, and going to, we convert the KML data into a SpatialLines
object, and transform it to the LCC projection.
# create spatial lines from the kml data
driveLine <- sp::Line(r1) %>% list() %>% sp::Lines(ID='drive-line') %>%
list() %>% sp::SpatialLines(proj4string = defProj) %>%
sp::spTransform(myProj) %>%
rgeos::gSimplify(tol = 500) # arbitrarily chosen tolerance
It is important to simplify the line using rgeos::gSimplify
. I think this is because the data may exist at a different precision in the different KML files. Before I added this in, the animation appeared jerky and slow in different areas.
Now, we create the background map, using the maps package. It is not clear from the help file, but the fill = TRUE
parameter is necessary so that each of the states/countries is created as its own polygon. Without this, maptools::map2SpatialPolygons
will return an error.
After some playing around with the map, it seemed like including the entire U.S. provides the most visually appealing map, so that is what is done here. We create a map of all the states, convert them to SpatialPolygons
, and transform it to the LCC projection. Then, we follow the same steps for Mexico, and all of the countries in Central America. Finally, the two sets of polygons are combined.
# now add background map of states and countries we drove through
ss <- maps::map('state', plot = F, fill = T)
idS <- sapply(strsplit(ss$names, ':'), function(x) x[1])
ssSt <- maptools::map2SpatialPolygons(ss, IDs=idS, proj4string=defProj) %>%
sp::spTransform(myProj)
mx <- maps::map('world',c('mexico','guatemala','nicaragua','el salvador', 'honduras', 'belize',
'costa rica','panama'),plot = F, fill = T, col = 'black')
idMx <- sapply(strsplit(mx$names, ":"), function(x) x[1])
ssMx <- maptools::map2SpatialPolygons(mx, IDs=idMx, proj4string=defProj) %>%
sp::spTransform(myProj)
bgMap <- rbind(ssSt, ssMx) # rbind combines polygons for spatialPolygons
The last steps are to format the map and save as a SVG. The simple formatting is taken care of in the plot
commands. I played around with using the new svglite package, but it saves the polygons as polylines, instead of paths. They need to be paths for the animation to work, so we use the default svg
graphics device. With this setup, a separate <path>
element in the SVG is created for each state and country. The driving route is the last <path>
element in the SVG because it is the last object we plot to the SVG device. This is important to know when it comes time to annimate the SVG in Part 2.
# add the map and route to the svg
svg(filename = 'driveRoute.svg',width=8, height=8)
par(mar = rep(0,4)) # remove margins
plot(bgMap, col = 'grey15', border = 'grey50')
plot(driveLine, col = 'steelblue3', add = T, lwd = 2.75)
dev.off()
Which creates the following map:
Part 2 will describe how to animate the path from Colorado to Nicaragua, i.e., the blue line.
Nothing new here, but a couple of key points:
rgeos::gSimplify
) so that the animation will look smooth.sp::CRS('+init=epsg:4326')
The code, data, and this write up, are available on GitHub. The steps described here are isolated in createInitialSVG.R
.


LoadItem
| Kind of class: | public class |
|---|---|
| Package: | |
| Inherits from: |
|
| Known subclasses: | |
| Version: | 02/13/10 |
| Author: | Aaron Clinger |
| Classpath: | org.casalib.load.LoadItem |
| File last modified: | Tuesday, 12 July 2011, 14:51:29 |
/* CASA Lib for ActionScript 3.0 Copyright (c) 2011, Aaron Clinger & Contributors of CASA Lib All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: - Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. - Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. - Neither the name of the CASA Lib nor the names of its contributors may be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without specific prior written permission.   LoadItem is not designed to be used on its own and needs to be extended to function. @author Aaron Clinger @version 02/13/10 */ public class LoadItem extends Process { protected var _attempts:uint; protected var _Bps:int; protected var _dispatcher:IEventDispatcher; protected var _errrored:Boolean; protected var _httpStatus:uint; protected var _latency:uint; protected var _loaded:Boolean; protected var _loadItem:*; protected var _preventCache:Boolean; protected var _progress:Percent; protected var _request:URLRequest; protected var _retries:uint; protected var _startTime:uint; protected var _time:uint; protected var _url:String; /** Defines the load object and file location. @param load: The load object. @param request: AString
or anURLRequest
reference to the file you wish to load. @throws ArguementTypeError if you pass a type other than aString
or anURLRequest
to parameterrequest
. @throwsError
if you try to load an emptyString
orURLRequest
. */ public function LoadItem(load:*, request:*) { super(); this._createRequest(request); this._loadItem = load; this._retries = 2; this._Bps = -1; this._progress = new Percent(); } /** Begins the loading process. @sends LoadEvent#START - Dispatched when a load is started. */ override public function start():void { if (this.loading) return; super.start(); this._loaded = false; this._errrored = false; this._startTime = getTimer(); this._attempts = 0; this._progress = new Percent(); this._Bps = -1; this._time = 0; if (this._preventCache) { const cache:String = 'casaCache=' + (new Date()).time; this._request.url = (this._request.url.indexOf('?') == -1) ? this._request.url + '?' + cache : this._request.url + '&' + cache; } this._load(); this.dispatchEvent(this._createDefinedLoadEvent(LoadEvent.START)); } /** Cancels the currently loading file from completing. @sends LoadEvent#STOP - Dispatched if the load is stopped during the loading process. */ override public function stop():void { if (!this.loading || this.loaded) return; if (this.bytesTotal == this.bytesLoaded && this.bytesLoaded > 0) return; super.stop(); try { this._loadItem.close(); } catch (error:IOError) {} this.dispatchEvent(this._createDefinedLoadEvent(LoadEvent.STOP)); } /** Specifies if a random value name/value pair should be appended to the query string to help prevent cachingtrue
, or not appendfalse
; defaults tofalse
. */ public function get preventCache():Boolean { return this._preventCache; } public function set preventCache(cache:Boolean):void { this._preventCache = cache; } /** The total number of bytes of the requested file. */ public function get bytesTotal():Number { return (this._loadItem.bytesTotal == 0 && this.bytesLoaded != 0) ? Number.POSITIVE_INFINITY : this._loadItem.bytesTotal; } /** The number of bytes loaded of the requested file. */ public function get bytesLoaded():uint { return this._loadItem.bytesLoaded; } /** The percent that the requested file has loaded. */ public function get progress():Percent { return this._progress.clone(); } /** The number of additional times the file has attempted to load after {@link #start start} was called. */ public function get attempts():uint { return this._attempts; } /** The number of additional load retries the class should attempt before failing; defaults to2
additional retries /3
total load attempts. */ public function get retries():uint { return this._retries; } public function set retries(amount:uint):void { this._retries = amount; } /** The URLRequest reference to the requested file. */ public function get urlRequest():URLRequest { return this._request; } /** The URL of the requested file. */ public function get url():String { return this._url; } /** Determines if the requested file is loadingtrue
, or if it isn't currently loadingfalse
. */ public function get loading():Boolean { return this.running; } /** Determines if the requested file has loadedtrue
, or hasn't finished loadingfalse
. */ public function get loaded():Boolean { return this._loaded; } /** Determines if the requested file could not complete because of an errortrue
, or hasn't encountered an errorfalse
. */ public function get errored():Boolean { return this._errrored; } /** The current download speed of the requested file in bytes per second. */ public function get Bps():int { return this._Bps; } /** The current time duration in milliseconds the load has taken. */ public function get time():uint { return this._time; } /** The time in milliseconds that the server took to respond. */ public function get latency():uint { return this._latency; } /** The HTTP status code returned by the server; or0
if no status has/can been received or the load is a stream. */ public function get httpStatus():uint { return this._httpStatus; } override public function destroy():void { this._dispatcher.removeEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, this._onComplete); this._dispatcher.removeEventListener(Event.OPEN, this._onOpen); this._dispatcher.removeEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, this._onLoadError); this._dispatcher.removeEventListener(ProgressEvent.PROGRESS, this._onProgress); super.destroy(); } protected function _initListeners(dispatcher:IEventDispatcher):void { this._dispatcher = dispatcher; this._dispatcher.addEventListener(Event.COMPLETE, this._onComplete, false, 0, true); this._dispatcher.addEventListener(Event.OPEN, this._onOpen, false, 0, true); this._dispatcher.addEventListener(IOErrorEvent.IO_ERROR, this._onLoadError, false, 0, true); this._dispatcher.addEventListener(ProgressEvent.PROGRESS, this._onProgress, false, 0, true); } protected function _load():void { this._loadItem.load(this._request); } protected function _createRequest(request:*):void { if (request is String) { request = StringUtil.trim(request); if (request == '') throw new Error('Cannot load an empty reference/String'); request = new URLRequest(request); } else if (!(request is URLRequest)) throw new ArguementTypeError('request'); this._request = request; this._url = this._request.url; } /** @sends RetryEvent#RETRY - Dispatched if the download attempt failed and the class is going to attempt to download the file again. @sends IOErrorEvent#IO_ERROR - Dispatched if requested file cannot be loaded and the download terminates. */ protected function _onLoadError(error:Event):void { if (++this._attempts <= this._retries) { var retry:RetryEvent = new RetryEvent(RetryEvent.RETRY); retry.attempts = this._attempts; this.dispatchEvent(retry); this._load(); } else { this._errrored = true; super._complete(); this.dispatchEvent(error); } } /** @sends Event#OPEN - Dispatched when a load operation starts. */ protected function _onOpen(e:Event):void { this._latency = getTimer() - this._startTime; this.dispatchEvent(e); } protected function _onHttpStatus(e:HTTPStatusEvent):void { this._httpStatus = e.status; this.dispatchEvent(e); } protected function _onProgress(progress:ProgressEvent):void { this._calculateLoadProgress(); } /** @sends LoadEvent#PROGRESS - Dispatched as data is received during the download process. */ protected function _calculateLoadProgress():void { var currentTime:int = getTimer(); this._Bps = LoadUtil.calculateBps(this.bytesLoaded, this._startTime, currentTime); this._time = currentTime - this._startTime; this._progress.decimalPercentage = Math.min(this.bytesLoaded / this.bytesTotal, 1); this.dispatchEvent(this._createDefinedLoadEvent(LoadEvent.PROGRESS)); } /** @sends LoadEvent#COMPLETE - Dispatched when file has completely loaded. */ protected function _onComplete(complete:Event = null):void { this._complete(); this.dispatchEvent(this._createDefinedLoadEvent(LoadEvent.COMPLETE)); } protected function _createDefinedLoadEvent(type:String):LoadEvent { var loadEvent:LoadEvent = new LoadEvent(type); loadEvent.attempts = this.attempts; loadEvent.Bps = this.Bps; loadEvent.bytesLoaded = this.bytesLoaded; loadEvent.bytesTotal = this.bytesTotal; loadEvent.latency = this.latency; loadEvent.progress = this.progress; loadEvent.retries = this.retries; loadEvent.time = this.time; return loadEvent; } override protected function _complete():void { var currentTime:int = getTimer(); this._Bps = LoadUtil.calculateBps(this.bytesTotal, this._startTime, currentTime); this._time = currentTime - this._startTime; this._loaded = true; this._progress.decimalPercentage = 1; super._complete(); } } }
-
LoadEvent with type:
START
- Dispatched when a load is started. -
LoadEvent with type:
STOP
- Dispatched if the load is stopped during the loading process. -
RetryEvent with type:
RETRY
- Dispatched if the download attempt failed and the class is going to attempt to download the file again. -
IOErrorEvent with type:
IO_ERROR
- Dispatched if requested file cannot be loaded and the download terminates. -
Event with type:
OPEN
- Dispatched when a load operation starts. -
LoadEvent with type:
PROGRESS
- Dispatched as data is received during the download process. -
LoadEvent with type:
COMPLETE
- Dispatched when file has completely loaded.
Summary
-
LoadItem
(load = *, request = *)
- Defines the load object and file location.
-
preventCache
: Boolean
- Specifies if a random value name/value pair should be appended to the query string to help prevent caching true, or not append false; defaults to false.
-
bytesTotal
: Number
- The total number of bytes of the requested file.
-
bytesLoaded
: uint
- The number of bytes loaded of the requested file.
-
progress
: Percent
- The percent that the requested file has loaded.
-
attempts
: uint
- The number of additional times the file has attempted to load after start was called.
-
retries
: uint
- The number of additional load retries the class should attempt before failing; defaults to 2 additional retries / 3 total load attempts.
-
urlRequest
: URLRequest
- The URLRequest reference to the requested file.
-
url
: String
- The URL of the requested file.
-
loading
: Boolean
- Determines if the requested file is loading true, or if it isn't currently loading false.
-
loaded
: Boolean
- Determines if the requested file has loaded true, or hasn't finished loading false.
-
errored
: Boolean
- Determines if the requested file could not complete because of an error true, or hasn't encountered an error false.
-
Bps
: int
- The current download speed of the requested file in bytes per second.
-
time
: uint
- The current time duration in milliseconds the load has taken.
-
latency
: uint
- The time in milliseconds that the server took to respond.
-
httpStatus
: uint
- The HTTP status code returned by the server; or 0 if no status has/can been received or the load is a stream.
-
start
() : void
- Begins the loading process.
-
stop
() : void
- Cancels the currently loading file from completing.
-
destroy
() : void
- Instance methods inherited from RemovableEventDispatcher
Constructor
LoadItem
Defines the load object and file location.
String
or an URLRequest
reference to the file you wish to load. -
ArguementTypeError if you pass a type other than a
String
or anURLRequest
to parameterrequest
. -
Error
if you try to load an emptyString
orURLRequest
.
Instance properties
Bps
The current download speed of the requested file in bytes per second.
attempts
The number of additional times the file has attempted to load after start was called.
bytesLoaded
The number of bytes loaded of the requested file.
bytesTotal
The total number of bytes of the requested file.
errored
Determines if the requested file could not complete because of an error true
, or hasn't encountered an error false
.
httpStatus
The HTTP status code returned by the server; or 0
if no status has/can been received or the load is a stream.
latency
The time in milliseconds that the server took to respond.
loaded
Determines if the requested file has loaded true
, or hasn't finished loading false
.
loading
Determines if the requested file is loading true
, or if it isn't currently loading false
.
preventCache
Specifies if a random value name/value pair should be appended to the query string to help prevent caching true
, or not append false
; defaults to false
.
retries
The number of additional load retries the class should attempt before failing; defaults to 2
additional retries / 3
total load attempts.
time
The current time duration in milliseconds the load has taken.
url
The URL of the requested file.
urlRequest
The URLRequest reference to the requested file.
Instance methods
destroy
start
Begins the loading process.
-
LoadEvent with type:
START
- Dispatched when a load is started.
stop
Cancels the currently loading file from completing.
-
LoadEvent with type:
STOP
- Dispatched if the load is stopped during the loading process.


{{ message }}
{% endfor %}
{% endwith %}
{% block readonly_alert %}
{% if current_user.is_readonly %}
Note: Your account has been marked as read only. If you think this was done erroneously, please contact an administrator.
{% block head %}
Note: Your account has been marked as read only. If you think this was done erroneously, please contact an administrator.


Coraline says cat food=nasty. But dogfood dipped in the water dish? So tasty!
6/7/2009, 4:37:29 PM
Favs: 0
Retweets: 0
link--- layout: tweet ---
Coraline says cat food=nasty. But dogfood dipped in the water dish? So tasty!
6/7/2009, 4:37:29 PM
Favs: 0
Retweets: 0
link


{{Infobox prepared food | name = Torta alla Monferrina | image = | imagesize = | caption = | alternate_name = | country = Italy | region = Monferrato | creator = | type = Cake | served = | main_ingredient = Pumpkin, apples, sugar, dried figs, amaretti, chocolate, eggs, rum | variations = | calories = | other = }}
Torta alla Monferrina, an autumn speciality of the Monferrato hills in north-west Italy, is a cake made from pumpkin, apples and sugar, with dried figs, amaretti, chocolate, eggs, and rum, and baked in the oven.<ref name="megghy"/><ref name="lifeinitaly"/>
{{reflist|refs= <ref name="megghy">‘Torta alla Monferrina’, Megghy.com.</ref> <ref name="lifeinitaly">‘Two truffle fairs to visit in the Monferrato’, lifeinitaly.com.</ref> }}


Chapter 3 Day 2: Openings
On Day 1, we focused on mechanics rather than content. Today, we’ll talk about content, focusing on your Introduction. I usually find this section the hardest to write, and I’ll often put it off until last. You need to draw in your reader and convince him or her that the rest of the paper is worth reading (and, for a research article, that the science was worth doing). If a reviewer is going to hate your paper, he or she often decides by the end of the Introduction (based on review comments I’ve gotten for past papers). And while the other reviewers won’t decide that they love it by that point, they can be convinced that they are in reasonably good hands, and that you are competent in the area and familiar with the field and open problems in it.
Writing Science discusses the job of an Introduction in a scientific paper, and how an Introduction can fail. For today’s meeting, you’ll be reading through several chapters in this book, evaluating whether and how the Introductions in the three example papers do their job, thinking about how to frame the Introduction for your manuscript.
- Summarize your manuscript.
In 2–3 sentences, describe what your manuscript covers.
In 2–3 more sentences, explain why your manuscript is important in advancing science in your field.
- Read Chapter 4 of Writing Science.
This chapter explains common story structures, and how they can be applied to scientific writing. Near the end of this chapter (section 4.3), it presents the key components of a paper’s Introduction, Methods, Results, and Discussion.
- Identify key Introduction components in an example paper.
Re-read the Introductions of the example papers by Cheplygina et al. and Schwartz. Try to identify the following components in the Introduction:
- What is the larger problem that the paper will be tackling?
- What is the relevant context for that problem?
- What are the key characters?
- What background information is given to help the reader understand the specific work in the paper?
- What is the “challenge” (“the specific hypotheses/questions/goals of the current work”)?
Go through each of these two Introductions and use three different colors to highlight elements that you think are part of the Opening, the Background, and the Challenge, based on how those parts are explained in this chapter. (You will be reading other chapters today that go deeper into these ideas, so you may come back and revise your answers based on your later reading.)
- Read Chapter 5 of Writing Science.
This chapter covers the very first part of the Introduction, which the author calls the “Opening”.
- Diagnose the Opening for an example paper.
Re-read the first paragraph of the Schwartz paper. Based on this paragraph, who do you think is the intended audience for the paper? What is the larger issue the paper will address? Do you think that they are properly “advertising” what they will later cover in the paper?
- Define Opening components for your paper.
Write down the following for your own manuscript:
- What is the target audience? Is it broad / interdisciplinary or targeted to researchers in a certain field?
- What is the larger issue that the manuscript will address? In writing this, be sure to be clear about the scope with which the manuscript will cover this issue.
- What are a few elements of the issue that are interesting but that your manuscript will not address?
- Revise the Opening for your manuscript.
Take a look at the first paragraph of your Introduction in the context of your answers to the questions in the previous prompt. Does your Opening need the whole paragraph, or just the first sentence or two? Does this first paragraph include any signals to clarify what audience you expect for the manuscript? Does the paragraph give readers clues on the larger issue that the manuscript will address? Does the paragraph “overpromise”, indicating that the manuscript will cover a larger scope than it does?
Write a revised version of your first paragraph where you address any limitations of your previous draft of your Opening.
All the following steps are things for you to try after our workshop meeting on “Openings”.
- Read Chapters 6 and 7 of Writing Science.
Chapter 6 covers how to move from the Opening of your Introduction to the Challenge that you present before moving into other parts of your paper. Chapter 7 discusses how to end an Introduction with a “Challenge,” motivating everything you present in the rest of the manuscript.
- Evaluate the Funnel and Challenge of example papers.
Re-read the Introductions for the three example papers. Find and write down the text in each paper that presents the Challenge of the paper.
Next, re-read the Introduction of the Gall et al. paper. How does the Introduction funnel the readers from the Opening to the Challenge at the end of the Introduction? What background information does it give readers to help them understand and appreciate the Challenge? What examples do they use from the literature to convince readers that their Challenge is important?
- Define the Challenge of your manuscript.
In 1–2 sentences, write the Challenge of your manuscript.
Look at the draft of your Introduction. Is this Challenge clear in the text? If so, is it at the end of the Introduction, or somewhere else?
Write down three pieces of background information that you think it is critical for your reader to know to believe that your manuscript’s Challenge is important. Draft a paragraph one each of these explaining and presenting the background information to readers.
Write down two examples that you think might help readers understand why your Challenge is important. Draft a few sentences presenting each of these examples.
Revise your Introduction to integrate your drafted material on the background and examples.
- Read Chapters 8 and 9 of Writing Science.
These next two chapters move into advice on writing the body of the manuscript (the “Action”, which often includes Methods and Results) and the “Resolution” (typically the Discussion). Think about what you’re hoping to achieve through these later parts of your manuscript.


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Choosatron Source
The Choosatron is a Choose Your Own Adventure® inspired story printer. Wi-Fi connected and fully hackable!
The content below includes everything necessary to setup, play, and write stories for the Choosatron Deluxe Adventure Matrix, including hardware designs, firmware, writing software, and development tools.
Hardware
kit-assets
Choosatron Kit Asset FilesFirmware
choosatron-photon-firmware
Choosatron Photon FirmwareContent
choosatron-write
Choosatron Write, a cross-platform Chrome app, and the official setup and writing application for Choosatron. Issues Workflowstories
Choosatron story source.Mobile apps
android-app
The Choosatron android app.ios-app
The Choosatron iOS app.Development tools
docs
Documentation for the Choosatron firmware/software.open-source
The Choosatron open source umbrella project. Required reading if you wish to contribute code. Issues WorkflowVersion control
We use Git for version control, and Github as our central repository for all of our source code. Anyone can view our open source repositories, and with a free Github account, raise issues and contribute to our source code.
Feature requests and bug fixes
We use Github Issues to track issues for each of our open source repositories, and Waffle.io to share our workflow.
Each of the above repositories has a link for issues and a waffle workflow board; feel free to submit feature requests and raise bugs on Github, or star a repository to follow its progress.
Contributions
We welcome contributions to all of our open source repositories. These contributions come in the form of a Pull Request, where you "fork" our repositories and then request that we "pull" your changes back into our repositories. You must have a Github account to make a contribution.
All contributors must first sign the Monkey with a Mustache Individual Contributor License Agreement (CLA), which is based on the Google CLA, and provides Monkey with a Mustache, LLC and the Choosatron team a license to re-distribute your contributions.
Whenever possible, please follow these guidelines for contributions:
- Keep each pull request small and focused on a single feature or bug fix.
- Familiarize yourself with the code base, and follow the formatting principles adhered to in the surrounding code.
- Wherever possible, provide unit tests for your contributions. We use Mocha to test Javascript and UnitTest++ to test C++.
Other resources
To learn about Choosatron's other resources, please visit our resources page, and chat with us in our community.


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Due to increased demand in our warehouse and shipping systems, orders placed after 3pm (local to the warehouse) will ship the next business day.
Concrete pins-hitch-bridge
3/16
1/4
1 1/4
1 3/4
2 1/4
2 3/4
3 1/4
3 3/4
4
5
6
Flat Head
Hex Washer Head
Phillips
Slotted


Unity3D
This library has full Unity3D intergration and custom editor scripts to help enhance your usage with the library. Please note there are some technical limitations with Unity3D however:
- .NET 2.0+ is required (no subset).
- Newtonsoft.Json is required.
- Native Named Pipe Wrapper is required.
Luckily the provided Unity Package handles all this for you.
Download
Use the automatically built .UnityPackage
that can be found in the artifacts of the AppVoyer build. This contains the extra dependencies for the platform and full editor support to make it easier to use.
Download Package and import into your project.
Importing
Import the unity package normally and make sure all content is selected. Once imported you may get the following warning. This library does not support the .NET 2.0 Subset and requires the full .NET 2.0 or greater. Proceeding with Yes
will convert the project automatically to .NET 2.0.
Creating a Manager
The Discord Manager is a wrapper class around the DiscordRpcClient. It will handle the initialization, deinitialization and event invoking for you automatically.
Create a new Discord Manager in your very first loaded scene by following GameObject -> Discord Manager
.
Discord Manager Inspector
Once created, a new object will appear in your scene. You can only have 1 Discord Manager at a time and any extras will automatically be deleted. The manager has some default values, but will need to be configured to your application.
| Property | Description |
|---|---|
| Application ID | The Client ID of your Discord App created in the Developer Portal. |
| Steam ID | A optional Steam App ID of your game. This will let Discord launch your game through the steam client instead of directly when using the Join & Spectate |
| Target Pipe | The pipe your Discord Client is running on. If you have 2 clients running for testing purposes, you can switch which client the game connects too. |
| Log Level | The level of logging to receive from the DiscordRpcClient. |
| Register Uri Scheme | Registers a custom URI scheme so Discord can launch your game. Only required if using the Join & Spectate feature. |
| Active | If enabled, the Discord Manager will create a connection and maintain it. |
| State | The current state of the connected client. These values are generally Read Only |
Usage
Setting Rich Presence is done via your game code. It is upto you on how you implement it, but as an example from the Survival Shooter example by Unity3D:
public void UpdatePresence()
{
presence.state = "Score: " + CompleteProject.ScoreManager.score;
presence.largeAsset = new DiscordAsset()
{
image = health.isDead ? "dead" : "alive",
tooltip = health.currentHealth + "HP"
};
DiscordManager.current.SetPresence(presence);
}
Further Reading
If you wish to implement the Join and Spectate feature within your project (those buttons), please read Joining & Spectating Introduction to get started.


Test that the user gesture indicator is correctly set for events forwarded through the WebPluginContainer. The tests succeeds if the first mousedown/mouseup event pair is a user gesture, and the second is not.


EntityInView ( entity,camera )
Parameters:
| entity - entity handle camera - camera handle |
Description:
| Returns true if the specified entity is visible to the specified camera. If the entity is a mesh, its bounding box will be checked for visibility. For all other types of entities, only their centre position will be checked. |
| None. |


| 1 | package fr.sii.ogham.email.builder; | |
| 2 | ||
| 3 | import fr.sii.ogham.core.builder.Builder; | |
| 4 | import fr.sii.ogham.core.builder.context.BuildContext; | |
| 5 | import fr.sii.ogham.core.builder.env.EnvironmentBuilder; | |
| 6 | import fr.sii.ogham.core.fluent.AbstractParent; | |
| 7 | import fr.sii.ogham.core.translator.content.ContentTranslator; | |
| 8 | ||
| 9 | /** | |
| 10 | * CSS handling consists of defining how CSS are inlined in the email. Inlining | |
| 11 | * CSS means that CSS styles are loaded and applied on the matching HTML nodes | |
| 12 | * using the {@code style} HTML attribute. | |
| 13 | * | |
| 14 | * @author Aurélien Baudet | |
| 15 | * | |
| 16 | */ | |
| 17 | public class CssHandlingBuilder extends AbstractParent<EmailBuilder> implements Builder<ContentTranslator> { | |
| 18 | private final BuildContext buildContext; | |
| 19 | private CssInliningBuilder cssInliningBuilder; | |
| 20 | ||
| 21 | /** | |
| 22 | * Initializes the builder with a parent builder. The parent builder is used | |
| 23 | * when calling {@link #and()} method. The {@link EnvironmentBuilder} is | |
| 24 | * used to evaluate properties when {@link #build()} method is called. | |
| 25 | * | |
| 26 | * @param parent | |
| 27 | * the parent builder | |
| 28 | * @param buildContext | |
| 29 | * for registering instances and property evaluation | |
| 30 | */ | |
| 31 | public CssHandlingBuilder(EmailBuilder parent, BuildContext buildContext) { | |
| 32 | super(parent); | |
| 33 | this.buildContext = buildContext; | |
| 34 | } | |
| 35 | ||
| 36 | /** | |
| 37 | * Configures how CSS are applied on HTML emails. | |
| 38 | * | |
| 39 | * Inlining CSS means that CSS styles are loaded and applied on the matching | |
| 40 | * HTML nodes using the {@code style} HTML attribute. | |
| 41 | * | |
| 42 | * @return the builder to configure how CSS styles are inlined | |
| 43 | */ | |
| 44 | public CssInliningBuilder inline() { | |
| 45 |
1
1. inline : negated conditional → RUN_ERROR |
if (cssInliningBuilder == null) { |
| 46 | cssInliningBuilder = new CssInliningBuilder(this, buildContext); | |
| 47 | } | |
| 48 |
1
1. inline : replaced return value with null for fr/sii/ogham/email/builder/CssHandlingBuilder::inline → RUN_ERROR |
return cssInliningBuilder; |
| 49 | } | |
| 50 | ||
| 51 | @Override | |
| 52 | public ContentTranslator build() { | |
| 53 |
1
1. build : negated conditional → RUN_ERROR |
if (cssInliningBuilder == null) { |
| 54 | return null; | |
| 55 | } | |
| 56 |
1
1. build : replaced return value with null for fr/sii/ogham/email/builder/CssHandlingBuilder::build → RUN_ERROR |
return cssInliningBuilder.build(); |
| 57 | } | |
| 58 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 45 |
1.1 |
|
| 48 |
1.1 |
|
| 53 |
1.1 |
|
| 56 |
1.1 |


Based on Jos Stam's paper Real-Time Fluid Dynamics for Games.
Simulates the Navier-Stokes equations for incompressible fluids.
Move the mouse over the canvas to move the fluid, click and drag to add density (touch and drag on mobile).


|
JavaTM 2 Platform Standard Ed. 5.0 |
|||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object java.io.InputStream javax.sound.sampled.AudioInputStream
public class AudioInputStream
An audio input stream is an input stream with a specified audio format and length. The length is expressed in sample frames, not bytes. Several methods are provided for reading a certain number of bytes from the stream, or an unspecified number of bytes. The audio input stream keeps track of the last byte that was read. You can skip over an arbitrary number of bytes to get to a later position for reading. An audio input stream may support marks. When you set a mark, the current position is remembered so that you can return to it later.
The AudioSystem
class includes many methods that manipulate
AudioInputStream
objects.
For example, the methods let you:
AudioSystem
,
Clip.open(AudioInputStream)
| Field Summary | |
|---|---|
protected AudioFormat |
format
The format of the audio data contained in the stream. |
protected long |
frameLength
This stream's length, in sample frames. |
protected long |
framePos
The current position in this stream, in sample frames (zero-based). |
protected int |
frameSize
The size of each frame, in bytes. |
| Constructor Summary | |
|---|---|
AudioInputStream(InputStream stream,
AudioFormat format,
long length)
Constructs an audio input stream that has the requested format and length in sample frames, using audio data from the specified input stream. |
|
AudioInputStream(TargetDataLine line)
Constructs an audio input stream that reads its data from the target data line indicated. |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
int |
available()
Returns the maximum number of bytes that can be read (or skipped over) from this audio input stream without blocking. |
void |
close()
Closes this audio input stream and releases any system resources associated with the stream. |
AudioFormat |
getFormat()
Obtains the audio format of the sound data in this audio input stream. |
long |
getFrameLength()
Obtains the length of the stream, expressed in sample frames rather than bytes. |
void |
mark(int readlimit)
Marks the current position in this audio input stream. |
boolean |
markSupported()
Tests whether this audio input stream supports the mark and
reset methods. |
int |
read()
Reads the next byte of data from the audio input stream. |
int |
read(byte[] b)
Reads some number of bytes from the audio input stream and stores them into the buffer array b . |
int |
read(byte[] b,
int off,
int len)
Reads up to a specified maximum number of bytes of data from the audio stream, putting them into the given byte array. |
void |
reset()
Repositions this audio input stream to the position it had at the time its mark method was last invoked. |
long |
skip(long n)
Skips over and discards a specified number of bytes from this audio input stream. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Field Detail |
|---|
protected AudioFormat format
protected long frameLength
protected int frameSize
protected long framePos
| Constructor Detail |
|---|
public AudioInputStream(InputStream stream, AudioFormat format, long length)
stream
- the stream on which this AudioInputStream
object is basedformat
- the format of this stream's audio datalength
- the length in sample frames of the data in this streampublic AudioInputStream(TargetDataLine line)
line
- the target data line from which this stream obtains its data.AudioSystem.NOT_SPECIFIED
| Method Detail |
|---|
public AudioFormat getFormat()
public long getFrameLength()
public int read() throws IOException
IOException
will be thrown.
read
in class InputStream
IOException
- if an input or output error occursread(byte[], int, int)
,
read(byte[])
,
public int read(byte[] b) throws IOException
b
. The number of bytes actually read is
returned as an integer. This method blocks until input data is
available, the end of the stream is detected, or an exception is thrown.
This method will always read an integral number of frames.
If the length of the array is not an integral number
of frames, a maximum of b.length - (b.length % frameSize)
bytes will be read.
read
in class InputStream
b
- the buffer into which the data is read
IOException
- if an input or output error occursread(byte[], int, int)
,
read()
,
available()
public int read(byte[] b, int off, int len) throws IOException
This method will always read an integral number of frames.
If len
does not specify an integral number
of frames, a maximum of len - (len % frameSize)
bytes will be read.
read
in class InputStream
b
- the buffer into which the data is readoff
- the offset, from the beginning of array b
, at which
the data will be writtenlen
- the maximum number of bytes to read
IOException
- if an input or output error occursread(byte[])
,
read()
,
skip(long)
,
available()
public long skip(long n) throws IOException
skip
in class InputStream
n
- the requested number of bytes to be skipped
IOException
- if an input or output error occursread()
,
available()
public int available() throws IOException
read
or skip
method for this audio input stream; the limit
can vary each time these methods are invoked.
Depending on the underlying stream,an IOException may be thrown if this
stream is closed.
available
in class InputStream
IOException
- if an input or output error occursread(byte[], int, int)
,
read(byte[])
,
read()
,
skip(long)
public void close() throws IOException
close
in interface Closeable
close
in class InputStream
IOException
- if an input or output error occurspublic void mark(int readlimit)
mark
in class InputStream
readlimit
- the maximum number of bytes that can be read before
the mark position becomes invalid.reset()
,
markSupported()
public void reset() throws IOException
mark
method was last invoked.
reset
in class InputStream
IOException
- if an input or output error occurs.mark(int)
,
markSupported()
public boolean markSupported()
mark
and
reset
methods.
markSupported
in class InputStream
true
if this stream supports the mark
and reset
methods; false
otherwisemark(int)
,
reset()
|
JavaTM 2 Platform Standard Ed. 5.0 |
|||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
Copyright © 2004, 2010 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms. Also see the documentation redistribution policy.


Fastrack Oscar selfie
Here’s what happens when Fastrack, Inc. crashes the Oscars.
2014 Appearances
My convention schedule kicks off with Emerald City Con in
Seattle on March 28-30. I’ll be sharing Booth 407 with Shaenon Garrity and Jeffrey Wells of Skin Horse. I’m also honored to be on a panel covering the
history of webcomics with Shaenon, Phil Foglio and Brad Guigar. It will be on Friday, March 28, 4:20pm, Hall C, (Rooms
610).
I’m confirmed for my annual Anthrocon visit over the Fourth of
July weekend, and my table in the dealer’s room will be right in front of the entrance at the end of row
M/N. I’ll debut the 2012 collection of “Kevin & Kell” strips entitled “MOUSCAR.”
Freshly Dethany, Viva Safe Havens and Predator Camp
The current books available from Pencil Rough Productions are two new “Fastrack” and “Safe
Havens” collections, and last summer’s “Kevin & Kell” annual. The “Fastrack”
book is entitled “Freshly
Dethany” and features the entire “On the Fastrack” year of 2010, when our favorite
Goth joined the strip. (The book replaces “Dethany, the Corporate Goth” which is now permanently
out of print.) The “Safe Havens” book also contains the calendar year of 2010, which was dominated
by the cast’s epochal summer in Las Vegas. Its title is “Viva
Safe Havens.” Don’t forget that the 2009 “Fastrack”
and
“Safe Havens” collections are also available.
“Kevin & Kell’s” collection here is
on sale here. The book contains every strip from the calendar year of 2011, plus the running commentary
provided by Lindesfarne’s Blog as she adds background details to each story. Stephanie Gladden of “Girls of Monster Paradise” has
graciously agreed to write the foreword.
Get daily commentary on each Fastrack strip from Dethany
herself!
Also, you can visit Fistula Breech’s own FB page here.
Fan art
We have a new feature on the Fastrack site; fan art of
Dethany. The first three pieces are by Laura Papera
Monticelli, Wapsi Square’s Paul Taylor, and Greg Cravens of The Buckets and Hubris. They’re all fantastic artists, and I’m honored!
2014 Kevin & Kell patron program
The 2014 “Kevin & Kell” patron
program, which supports all three of my strips, is now active. Every year I do a special parody print for
those who contribute at the Light Herbivore Salad level and above, and for 2014 I’m featuring eleven
“K&K” cast members as the eleven incarnations of Dr. Who. On the villain side, R.L. is a Dalek
and Angelique is a Weeping Angel.
Tall Tale Radio interview
I was interviewed by Tom Racine for Tall Tale Radio, which is posted here. Please listen in, and there
are other excellent cartoonists in the archives.
Dethany in Virtu/Noir
I’m creating an interactive app featuring Dethany of “On the Fastrack” as she adopts a
1940s private eye persona and solves a crime in cyberspace. It will be called “Dethany in Virtu/Noir”
and readers will be able to make choices determining the direction of the plot. You can watch its development
on its Tumblr blog.


Kottayam:The'Akshara Nagari'
An ancient town located on a hilltop bordered by the western ghats on the east and the thrilling Vembanad Lake on the west, Kottayam is a culturally rich and naturally enchanting destination. Apart from nature's bounty, the town has many laurels to its name. It is a proud town to achieve 100% literacy in India for the first time. Also being the land of several publishing houses and print media, Kottayam is also tagged as the 'Akshara Nagari' meaning 'City of letters'.
The city is also a significant commercial hub for spices and crops especially rubber. One will see acres of a well-kept plantation of rubber all across the town. Other than its commercial importance, Kottayam is also dotted with a plethora of ancient and fascinating shrines all narrating a story of their own. With mesmerizing landscape and verdant fields are sure to lure you back to this place.
Top Destinations
Kottathavalam
Illikkal Kallu
Marmala Waterfalls
Poonjar Palace
An ancient town located on a hilltop bordered by the western ghats on the east and the thrilling Vembanad Lake on the west, Kottayam is a culturally rich and naturally enchanting destination. Apart from nature's bounty, the town has many laurels to its name. It is a proud town to achieve 100% literacy in India for the first time. Also being the land of several publishing houses and print media, Kottayam is also tagged as the 'Akshara Nagari' meaning 'City of letters'. The city is also a significant commercial hub for spices and crops especially rubber. One will see acres of a well-kept plantation of rubber all across the town. Other than its commercial importance, Kottayam is also dotted with a plethora of ancient and fascinating shrines all narrating a story of their own. With mesmerizing landscape and verdant fields are sure to lure you back to this place.


This document describes jKool Track & Trace API (TNT4J) specification for tracking and tracing application activities and behavior for rapid diagnostics and root cause analysis. The framework encapsulates the following key elements essential during diagnostics:
· Performance, response time
· Exceptions, faults
· Application state, dumps
· Message flow (send->receive)
· Granular conditional logging based on application specific tokens/keys
· Correlation within and across multiple application components, runtime environments
TNT4J allows developers to imbed custom tracking and tracing code very quickly into java applications. It is recommended that developers use this API when instrumenting Java applications with track and trace instrumentation. TNT4J delivers the following features aimed at delivering fast diagnostics and root-cause analysis:
· Simple programming model to facilitate fast root-cause, log analysis
· Automated timing of application activities and sub-activities (elapsed, idle time, message age)
· Application state dump framework for reporting internal variables, data structures
· Conditional logging based on application tokens, patterns
· Inter-log correlation of log entries (correlators and tags) between multiple related applications
· Intra-log correlation of related activities and sub-activities between multiple applications and threads
· Event location tags such as GPS, server etc.
· Message flow direction for composite applications that exchange messages (e.g. SOAP, JMS, and SQL etc.)
· User defined properties such as CPU, memory logging, thread statistics per process/thread
· Granular context such as thread id, process id, server, application name
TNT4J introduces the following constructs:
· Application Activity (TrackingActivity) – a logical grouping of related events and messages, which has start/end time
· Tracking Event (TrackingEvent) – an event emitted about a step in processing or execution, which has severity, start/stop time, location, correlator as well as message payload (text)
· Event Sink (EventSink) – a generic destination where activities and events are routed for recording such as event log, or central service that analyzes log entries.
· Dump Provider (DumpProvider) – application supplied dump handlers that generate collections of key/value pairs describing application’s state, internal variables, data structures.
· Snapshot (Snapshot) – a collection of items such as properties, metrics. Snapshots are used to report user defined properties associated with events.
Use TrackingLogger to interface with all Tracker logging features. TrackingLogger is a helper class with static calls to Tracker logging interface. Application should use this helper class instead of obtaining a Tracker logger instance per thread using TrackerFactory. TrackingLogger obtains the Tracker logger instance and stores it in thread local associated for each thread. A TrackingEvent represents a specific tracking event that application creates for every discrete event such as JDBC, JMS, SOAP or any other relevant application logic. Application developers must obtain a Tracker instance via TrackerFactory, create instances of TrackingEvent and use TrackingLogger.tnt() to report tracking activities. Alternatively use TrackerFactory directly to interface with logging facilities without the need to obtain a logger instance. Simply register application thread using TrackingLogger.register() call and report tracking events as shown in the example below.
NOTE: Inter-thread or inter-application/process activities are tied via TrackingEvent correlators. Make sure to use TrackingEvent correlators as a way to interconnect related inter-application activities.
A TrackingActivity start()/stop() methods calls used to mark application activity boundaries. Application may create instances of TrackingEvent to time individual sub-activities and report them using TrackingActivity.tnt()method call.
Typical application logic:
TrackerConfig config = DefaultConfigFactory.getInstance().getConfig("com.nastel.appl.name").build();
TrackingLogger tracker = TrackingLogger.getInstance(config); // register and obtain Tracker logger instance
TrackingActivity activity = tracker.newActivity(); // create a new application activity
activity.start();
TrackingEvent event = tracker.newEvent(OpLevel.SUCCESS, "SQL-SELECT", "SQL customer lookup"); // create a tracking event
event.start(); // start timing a tracking event
try {
...
...
event.stop(); // stop timing tracking event
} catch (SQLException e) {
event.stop(e); // stop timing tracking event and associate an exception
...
} finally {
activity.stop(); // stop application activity, timing
activity.tnt(event); // track and trace tracking event, associate tracking event with the given activity
tracker.tnt(activity); // track and trace application activity
}
TrackingEvent
implements
tracking for a specific application sub-activity. Applications create instances
of TrackingEvent
after
creating and starting an application activity using TrackingLogger.newActivity()
and
TrackingActivity.start()
.
Each TrackingEvent
can
be timed independently using start()/stop()
method calls and reported and logged using TrackingActivity.tnt()
method
call.
Any pair of TrackingEvent
instances
is related when event correlators match. TrackingEvent
A is related to TrackingEvent
B when A.getCorrelator() == B.getCorrelator()
.
Developers may use signatures and or correlators to correlate tracking events
across application/server boundaries. TrackingEvent
A is the same as TrackingEvent
B if the corresponding event signature are identical:
meaning A.getSignature() == B.getSignature()
. Currently each TrackingEvent
gets
assigned a unique event signature using TrackingEvent.newUUID()
call.
Signatures can be changed using TrackingEvent.setSiganture()
method
call. Signatures and correlators must be set before making Tracker.tnt()
call. Event
location can be any string that identifies location of the tracking event such
as GPS, server or any other useful locator.
Below is an example of how to set an event correlator and event location to GPS coordinates (getGPS() is a hypothetical call to obtain GPS coordinates):
TrackerConfig config = DefaultConfigFactory.getInstance().getConfig("com.nastel.appl.name").build();
TrackingLogger tracker = TrackingLogger.getInstance(config); // register and obtain Tracker logger instance
TrackingActivity activity = tracker.newActivity(); // create a new application activity
activity.start();
TrackingEvent event = tracker.newEvent(OpLevel.SUCCESS, "SQL-SELECT", "SQL customer lookup"); // create a tracking event
event.setCorrelator(“7271292”); //set event correlator to some token that should be used across thread and application boundaries
event.start(); // start timing a tracking event
try {
...
...
event.setLocation(getGPS()); // obtain GPS location and set event location
event.stop(); // stop timing tracking event
} catch (SQLException e) {
event.stop(e); // stop timing tracking event and associate an exception
...
} finally {
activity.stop(); // stop application activity, timing
activity.tnt(event); // track and trace tracking event, associate tracking event with the given activity
tracker.tnt(activity); // track and trace application activity
}
Applications may also indicate whether the tracking event
signifies SEND/RECV/INQUIRE or other types of exchange by using OpType when creating TrackingEvent
instances.
Below is an example of specifying operation types associated with the tracking event:
Sender application code (SENDER):
TrackerConfig config = DefaultConfigFactory.getInstance().getConfig("com.nastel.appl.Sender").build();
TrackingLogger tracker = TrackingLogger.getInstance(config); // register and obtain Tracker logger instance
TrackingActivity activity = tracker.newActivity(); // create a new application activity
activity.start();
TrackingEvent event = tracker.newEvent(OpLevel.INFO, OpType.SEND, "SendOrder”, “7271292”, "Sending Purchase Order"); // create a tracking event with a correlator and an associated operation type
event.start(); // start timing a tracking event
try {
...
...
event.setLocation(getGPS()); // obtain GPS location and set event location
event.stop(); // stop timing tracking event
} catch (SQLException e) {
event.stop(e); // stop timing tracking event and associate an exception
...
} finally {
activity.stop(); // stop application activity, timing
activity.tnt(event); // track and trace tracking event, associate tracking event with the given activity
tracker.tnt(activity); // track and trace application activity
}
Receiver application code (RECEIVER):
String order_id = “7271292”;
Throwable error = null;
TrackerConfig config = DefaultConfigFactory.getInstance().getConfig("com.nastel.appl.Receiver").build();
TrackingLogger tracker = TrackingLogger.getInstance(config); // register and obtain Tracker logger instance
TrackingActivity activity = tracker.newActivity(); // create a new application activity
activity.start();
TrackingEvent event = tracker.newEvent(OpLevel.INFO, OpType.RECEIVE, "RecvOrder", order_id, "Receiving order"); // create a tracking event with a correlator and an associated operation type
event.start(); // start timing a tracking event
try {
...
...
order_id = response.getOrderId(); // sample code to obtain order id from the received response message
event.setLocation(getGPS()); // obtain GPS location and set event location
event.setCorrelator(order_id); // assign a correlator from order_id
event.stop(); // stop timing tracking event
} catch (SQLException e) {
error = e;
event.stop(e); // stop timing tracking event and associate an exception
...
} finally {
activity.stop(ActivityStatus.EXCEPTION, e); // stop application activity, timing, associate an exception
activity.tnt(event); // track and trace tracking event, associate tracking event with the given activity
tracker.tnt(activity); // track and trace application activity
}
Both sender and receiver are not only correlated via a correlator “7271292” but the direction of communication is established as well from SENDER->RECEIVER. This level of logging allows log analysis tools to show related activities as well as graph of activity flow from sender to receiver. It is very useful for applications that actually exchange information or messages in one or both directions.
Applications may also set message tags that could be used to
find related activities. Message tags are user defined string labels that can
be used in addition to correlators. The difference between tags and correlator
is that that tags are not used to tie TrackingEvent
instances together. Tags are used just
as string labels associated with a particular TrackingEvent
instance. Below is an example
of the code to set a message tag:
String order_id = “7271292”;
Throwable error = null;
TrackerConfig config = DefaultConfigFactory.getInstance().getConfig("com.nastel.appl.Receiver").build();
TrackingLogger tracker = TrackingLogger.getInstance(config); // register and obtain Tracker logger instance
TrackingActivity activity = tracker.newActivity(); // create a new application activity
activity.start();
TrackingEvent event = tracker.newEvent(OpLevel.INFO, OpType.RECEIVE, "RecvOrder", order_id, "Receiving order"); // create a tracking event with a correlator and an associated operation type
event.start(); // start timing a tracking event
try {
...
...
order_id = response.getOrderId(); // sample code to obtain order id from the received response message
event.setCorrelator(order_id); // assign a correlator from order_id
event.setLocation(getGPS()); // obtain GPS location and set event location
event.setTag(response.getOrderInfo()); // assign message tag
event.stop(); // stop timing tracking event
} catch (SQLException e) {
error = e;
event.stop(e); // stop timing tracking event and associate an exception
...
} finally {
activity.stop(ActivityStatus.EXCEPTION, e); // stop application activity, timing, associate an exception
activity.tnt(event); // track and trace tracking event, associate tracking event with the given activity
tracker.tnt(activity); // track and trace application activity
}
Developers can use activity listeners ActivityListener
to be
notified when activities are started and stopped. Below is an example of an ActivityListener
implementation.
These listeners can be used for pre and post processing of tracking activities
before they are actually reported.
class MyActivityHandler implements ActivityListener {
@Override
public void started(Activity activity) {
System.out.println("activity.id=" + activity.getTrackingId()
+ ", activity.name=" + activity.getName()
+ ", started=" + activity.getStartTime());
}
@Override
public void stopped(Activity activity) {
// post processing of activity: enrich activity with application metrics
PropertySnapshot snapshot = new PropertySnapshot("APPL_METRICS");
snapshot.add("appl.activity.count", activityCount);
snapshot.add("appl.event.count", eventCount);
activity.add(snapshot); // add property snapshot to activity
System.out.println("activity.id=" + activity.getTrackingId()
+ ", activity.name=" + activity.getName()
+ ", elasped.usec=" + activity.getElapsedTime()
+ ", snap.count=" + activity.getSnapshotCount()
+ ", item.count=" + activity.getItemCount());
}
}
Activity listeners can be registered using the following example:
// register with the TNT4J framework
TrackerConfig config = DefaultConfigFactory.getInstance().getConfig(args[0]);
config.setActivityListener(new MyActivityHandler());
TrackingLogger tracker = TrackingLogger.getInstance(config.build());
Activity listener will be called for every activity instance on start and stop.
Sink listeners can be used to intercept sink errors (SinkErrorListener), events (SinkLogEventListener) and filter out events (SinkEventFilter) written to the underlying event sink. Each of the listener instances can be registered using the following methods.
// register with the TNT4J framework
TrackerConfig config = DefaultConfigFactory.getInstance().getConfig(args[0]);
config.setActivityListener(new MyActivityHandler());
TrackingLogger tracker = TrackingLogger.getInstance(config);
TrackingLogger.addSinkErrorListener(new MySinkErrorHandler());
TrackingLogger.addSinkLogEventListener(new MySinkLogHandler());
TrackingLogger.addSinkEventFilter(new MySinkEventFilter());
// SinkErrorListener is called when a failure writing to the sink occurs
class MySinkErrorHandler implements SinkErrorListener {
public void sinkError(SinkError event) {
System.out.println("onSinkError: " + event);
if (event.getCause() != null) event.getCause().printStackTrace();
}
}
// SinkLogEventListener is called on every event that is actually written to the sink
// won’t be called if filtered out using SinkEventFilter
class MySinkLogHandler implements SinkLogEventListener {
public void sinkLogEvent(SinkLogEvent event) {
System.out.println("sink.LOG: sev=" + event.getSeverity() + ", source=" + event.getSource() + ", msg=" + event.getLogObject());
}
}
// SinkEventFilter is called on every event. The filter determines if the event is accepted or not by the sink
class MySinkEventFilter implements SinkEventFilter {
public boolean filter(EventSink sink, TrackingEvent event) {
boolean pass = event.getSeverity().ordinal() > OpLevel.INFO.ordinal()? true: false;
System.out.println("sink.FILTER: accept=" + pass + ", sev=" + event.getSeverity() + ", sink=" + sink);
return pass;
}
public boolean filter(EventSink sink, TrackingActivity event) {
}
public boolean filter(EventSink sink, OpLevel level, String msg, Object…args) {
}
}
Below is an example of what actually ends up in log4j log
file. All related activities are correlated via the activity signature (Signature:87a5c1ce-f46c-4932-aa68-ce026cae07c7). Activity
starts with a message having (Status:BEGIN) and ends with (Status:END)
with the same process and thread ID (PID:17584,TID:22) . Each
activity end message will also include a set of properties measured between
activity start/stop()
calls such as (Property(Type:6,Name:CPU_USAGE_USEC,Value:3400821.8,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000])),
which shows the number of CPU microseconds used during execution of the
given activity as well as the time the measurement was sampled (SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]).
These properties are measured per thread per activity and can be used to
identify activities with high CPU/memory utilization. TNT4J will also
measure cumulative thread block and wait statistics at the end of each activity
using (Property(Type:XX,Name:BLOCKED_XXX,
Property(Type:XX,Name:WAITED_XXX) properties. Both sender and receiver
logs can be correlated via Correlator:7271292 field search. Related tracking events within each
log can be correlated via grouped Signature:XXXXX searches
(e.g. all tracking events with Signature:87a5c1ce-f46c-4932-aa68-ce026cae07c7). All
activities by process/thread-id can be related by (PID:XXXXX,TID:XX)
search. Each application activity TrackActivity and sub-activity TrackingEvent elapsed times are
identified by (ElapsedUsec:XXX)field. Applications that exchange messages
as in this example, SENDER->RECEIVER activities which designate SEND and
RECEIVE can be marked using OpType when creating TrackingEvent
instances. Such markers are shown in
the log as (Type:SEND or Type:RECEIVE). Event location markers are
identified by (Location:XXX) field and can be any string locator
associated by the application.
Sample Sender application log4j file:
10:25:34,719 INFO [http-8080-2] appl.Sender – BEGIN-TrackActivity(Signature:87a5c1ce-f46c-4932-aa68-ce026cae07c7,Type:PROCESSOR,Status:BEGIN,PID:17584,TID:22,StartTime:[10:25:34.719000],EndTime:[10:25:34.719000],ElapsedUsec:0,OpsCount=0,MsgCount=0,PropCount=0)
10:25:34,736 INFO [http-8080-2] appl.Sender - 87a5c1ce-f46c-4932-aa68-ce026cae07c7{INFO, [Sending Purchase Order], TrackingEvent(Signature:f5ab002d-86d2-4980-84e3-a82d1bba1023,Tag:null,Correlator:7271292,Size:0,Format:MSG_TEXT,Type:REPORT,Transport:FILE), Operation(Function: SendOrder,Type:SEND,Location:26 16.18N,CC:SUCCESS,RC:100,StartTime:[10:25:34.736000],EndTime:[10:25:34.736000],ElapsedUsec:0,MsgAgeUsec:0,IdleTime:0,Resource:[null],User:null,Step:0,Level:0,Exception:null)}
10:25:34,769 INFO [http-8080-2] appl.Sender – END-TrackActivity(Signature:87a5c1ce-f46c-4932-aa68-ce026cae07c7,Type:PROCESSOR,Status:END,PID:17584,TID:22,StartTime:[10:25:34.719000],EndTime:[10:25:34.767000],ElapsedUsec:48000,OpsCount=0,MsgCount=45,PropCount=9),[Property(Type:6,Name:CPU_USAGE_USEC,Value:3400821.8,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]), Property(Type:4,Name:CPU_PERCENT_USAGE,Value:9.7500625E-5,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]), Property(Type:12,Name:BLOCKED_COUNT,Value:0,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]), Property(Type:14,Name:WAITED_COUNT,Value:0,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]), Property(Type:13,Name:BLOCKED_TIME_MSEC,Value:0,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]), Property(Type:15,Name:WAITED_TIME_MSEC,Value:0,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]), Property(Type:1,Name:TOTAL_MEMORY,Value:513933312,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]), Property(Type:3,Name:USED_MEMORY,Value:104798608,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000]), Property(Type:5,Name:MEM_PERCENT_USAGE,Value:20,SampleTime:[10:25:34.767000])]
Sample Receiver application log4j file:
16:35:48,032 INFO [http-8080-4] appl.Receiver – BEGIN-TrackActivity(Signature:b16f81f0-6132-45ac-93af-79910295a41d,Type:PROCESSOR,Status:BEGIN,PID:34234,TID:10,StartTime:[16:35:48.032000],EndTime:[16:35:48.032000],ElapsedUsec:0,OpsCount=0,MsgCount=0,PropCount=0)
16:35:48,045 INFO [http-8080-4] appl.Receiver - b16f81f0-6132-45ac-93af-79910295a41d{INFO, [Receiving order], TrackingEvent(Signature:a479bae3-64bb-437e-a9e1-efa1457546df,Tag:null,Correlator:7271292,Size:0,Format:MSG_TEXT,Type:REPORT,Transport:FILE), Operation(Function:RecvOrder,Type:RECEIVE,Location:25 17.12N,CC:SUCCESS,RC:100,StartTime:[16:35:48.045000],EndTime:[16:35:48.045000],ElapsedUsec:0,MsgAgeUsec:0,IdleTime:0,Resource:[null],User:null,Step:0,Level:0,Exception:null)}
16:35:48,070 INFO [http-8080-4] appl.Receiver – END-TrackActivity(Signature:b16f81f0-6132-45ac-93af-79910295a41d,Type:PROCESSOR,Status:END,PID:34234,TID:10,StartTime:[16:35:48.032000],EndTime:[16:35:48.069000],ElapsedUsec:37000,OpsCount=0,MsgCount=44,PropCount=9),[Property(Type:6,Name:CPU_USAGE_USEC,Value:3478822.5,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000]), Property(Type:4,Name:CPU_PERCENT_USAGE,Value:4.216243243243243E-5,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000]), Property(Type:12,Name:BLOCKED_COUNT,Value:0,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000]), Property(Type:14,Name:WAITED_COUNT,Value:0,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000]), Property(Type:13,Name:BLOCKED_TIME_MSEC,Value:0,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000]), Property(Type:15,Name:WAITED_TIME_MSEC,Value:0,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000]), Property(Type:1,Name:TOTAL_MEMORY,Value:513933312,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000]), Property(Type:3,Name:USED_MEMORY,Value:107463800,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000]), Property(Type:5,Name:MEM_PERCENT_USAGE,Value:20,SampleTime:[16:35:48.069000])]


---
layout: page
title: "Courses"
description: "Place where I host my courses."
header-img: "img/about-bg.jpg"
---
JUnit Basics
Introduction
Meet the Trainers
Myths and Misconceptions
Introduction to Unit Testing
Test Pyramid
Naming Convention
Writing First Unit Test In JUnit 4
Assertion
JUnit Test Lifecycle
Defining a Unit
Hamcrest Matcher Assertion
Testing for Exceptions


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This complex modification adds full support to keyboard keys and mouse buttons that would otherwise not work as intended in the Microsoft Ergonomic Desktop.
Features
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- Remaps a few other Windows specific keys.
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| Emoji Key |
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Left Command |
| Screenshot area key |
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Open Finder |
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- It is important to load the Emoji remapping first and then the O365 button one, otherwise the emoji button will behave differently and just open the Spotlight.
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Preparation time
over 2 hours
Cooking time
30 mins to 1 hour
Serves
12
Mix together the oatmeal, wholemeal flour, plain flour, yeast and salt in a bowl until well combined.
Make a well in the centre of the mixture, then gradually add the water in a thin stream, stirring well with a wooden spoon, until the batter is well combined and the consistency of thick double cream. (NB: You may not need to use all of the water.)
Cover the batter with a damp, clean tea towel and set aside for 3-4 hours (or up to 8 hours), to allow the gluten in the batter to develop.
Once ready to cook the batter, whisk in the baking powder until well combined.
Heat one teaspoon of the vegetable oil in a frying pan over a medium heat. When the oil is hot, add a ladleful of the batter mixture and swirl the pan to coat the bottom of it in a thin layer of the batter.
Fry the oatcake for 1-2 minutes, or until golden-brown on one side.
Flip the oatcake and fry for a further minute, or until golden-brown on both sides.
Set the oatcake aside on a warm plate and cover with a sheet of greaseproof paper.
Repeat the process with the remaining batter mixture, to make about 12 oatcakes. Stack them on top of each other, separated by greaseproof paper, and keep warm.
Meanwhile, preheat the grill to its highest setting.
When the grill is hot, arrange the streaky bacon onto a grill tray and grill for 3-4 minutes on each side, or until crisp and golden-brown on both sides. Set aside and keep warm.
Meanwhile, heat the olive oil in a separate frying pan over a medium heat.
Add the mushrooms and fry for 3-4 minutes, or until golden-brown and cooked through. Set aside and keep warm.
Meanwhile, heat a frying pan over a medium heat until hot. Return one of the cooked oatcakes to the hot pan and sprinkle grated cheese over one half of it.
Continue to cook for 3-4 minutes, or until the cheese starts to melt, then place two grilled rashers of bacon on top of the melted cheese and sprinkle over a spoonful of the mushrooms. Fold the other half of the oatcake over and continue to heat for a further minute, or until the cheese has fully melted.
Repeat the process with the remaining vegetable oil, oatcakes, bacon, mushrooms and cheese.
Serve immediately.


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