python_mvg_departures – Munich Public Transport made simple¶
Intro¶
Not too long ago, MVG (aka Münchner Verkehrsgesellschaft) relaunched their Website, which now actually utilizes a JSON api! (I know, crazy, right?) This python module tries to provide super easy, gluten free [1] access to most aspects of the mvg api.
It offers:
- The next departures for any station in the MVV (duh)
- This includes S-Bahn and Schienenersatzverkehr
- Listing nearby stations based on geolocation
- Routing from station to station
- Routing from anywhere to anywhere (coming soon!)
Take a look at example.py, it shows some basic concepts, or at the rest of the docs, where every aspect is hopefully adequately documented.
| [1] | mvg.de uses stuff like an api key (although they only give it to themselves) and Unix time in milliseconds (although the last four digits are always 0). Whith this module, you won’t have to worry about all that. |
Module documentation¶
-
class
mvg.
Station
(station)¶ Gives you a proxy to get the next departures for a particular station.
Either give it an exact station name (like “Hauptbahnhof”) or a station_id.
Deprecated-ish: This is not really all that useful. Just using
get_id_for_station()
andget_departures()
really is the nicer way in most cases.-
get_departures
()¶ Gets the departures for the station object. Pretty much the same like module-level-
get_departures()
-
-
mvg.
get_departures
(station_id)¶ Get the next departures for station_id.
To get the station_id associated with a station name, use
get_id_for_station()
.Returns a list like:
[ { 'departureTimeMinutes': 0, 'destination': 'Laimer Platz', 'sev': False, 'departureId':<PHONE_NUMBER>, 'live': True, 'departureTime':<PHONE_NUMBER>000, 'lineBackgroundColor': '#b78730', 'label': '5', 'product': 'u' }, ]
departureTimeMinutes, the time left to the departure in minutes, is added to the response from the api for your convenience.
-
mvg.
get_id_for_station
(station_name)¶ Returns the station_id for the given station name.
If more than one station match, the first result is given. None is returned if no match was found.
-
mvg.
get_locations
(query)¶ Returns all matches from the search for the given query string.
query can either be a name of a station or of a street, square, etc.
Returns a list wich looks somewhat like this:
[ { 'lines': { 'nachtbus': [], 'ubahn': ['2', '5', '7'], 'tram': [], 'sbahn': [], 'otherlines': [], 'nachttram': [], 'bus': [] }, 'hasLiveData': True, 'place': 'München', 'products': ['u'], 'id': 1060, 'type': 'nearbystation', 'name': 'Innsbrucker Ring', 'hasZoomData': True, 'distance': 59, 'longitude': 11.619138, 'latitude': 48.120408 }, ]
-
mvg.
get_nearby_stations
(lat, lon)¶ Stations nearby the given location.
Parameters: - lat (float) – Latitude
- lon (float) – and longitude of the desired location.
Returns a list which is formated in this fassion:
[ { 'lines': { 'nachtbus': [], 'ubahn': ['2', '5', '7'], 'tram': [], 'sbahn': [], 'otherlines': [], 'nachttram': [], 'bus': [] }, 'hasLiveData': True, 'place': 'München', 'products': ['u'], 'id': 1060, 'type': 'nearbystation', 'name': 'Innsbrucker Ring', 'hasZoomData': True, 'distance': 59, 'longitude': 11.619138, 'latitude': 48.120408 }, ]
-
mvg.
get_route
(start, dest, time=None, arrival_time=False, max_walk_time_to_start=None, max_walk_time_to_dest=None)¶ Plans a route from start to dest
Parameters: - start (int) – The station_id of the starting station
- dest (int) – station_id of the destination station
- time (datetime, optional) –
- arrival_time (bool, optional) – Specifies if time is the starting time (which is default) or the desired time of arrival.
- max_walk_time_to_dest (max_walk_time_to_start,) – Maximum time of walking in minutes required to reach the start/dest.
-
mvg.
get_stations
(station)¶ Like
get_locations()
, but filters out all results which are not stations.


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{% extends 'layout-2-1-bleedbar.html' %} {# HEAD items #} {% block title -%} Page Title | Consumer Financial Protection Bureau {%- endblock title %} {% block desc -%} Our vision is a consumer finance marketplace that works for American consumers, responsible providers, and the economy as a whole. {%- endblock desc %} {% block og_image -%} {# Optional property if you want to use Twitter's large card format https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs/tweets/optimize-with-cards/overview/summary-card-with-large-image #} {%- endblock og_image %} {% block og_desc -%} {{ self.desc() }} {%- endblock og_desc %} {% block css -%} {{ super() }} {%- endblock css %} {# BODY items #} {% block content_main scoped %}
This is the content_main
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{{ super() }}
{% endblock javascript %}


Skelpy Aims To Create A Completely Decentralized And Transparent System, Identifying Every Single Portfolio Present Inside The Blockchain.
The goal of the Skelpy project is to create a completely decentralized and transparent blockchain in which all portfolios have a certified digital identity.
SkelpySystem is the decentralized platform that allows the certification and recognition of portfolios within the Skelpy circuit. Through this system it will be possible to recognize the subjects involved in the transactions. The portfolios will be recognized at the discretion of the legitimate owner who will decide the visibility of their portfolio.
The maximum coin offering will be 70,000,000, with an amount of money placed on the market of 2,000,000.Will be pre-forged, 33,000,000 coins of which 20,000,000 will be used as voters portfolios for 20 associated partners, then the 20,000,000 SKP will be frozen and will not be put into circulation in any way, their only purpose will be that to vote for 20 delegates from the Skelpy network.
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In a world that innovates on the second, full of intrigue and deception; the thieves make their game behind the cryptocurrencies. Some say it is a financial bubble and others believe they become millionaires by creating their useless money. Did you notice? A new criptocurrency is born a day! Let's all talk about the truth together! Only Bitcoin is the one that matters! Count because it is the standard, because it has created the standard, in the newspapers, on TV or on the street I do not hear about Pincopallino Coin but BITCOIN...


200 bars and restaurants in the five boroughs of New York City have faced fines and license suspensions for failing to comply with social distancing rules and restrictions imposed by the state.
Although restaurants and bars have been hardest hit by the pandemic, they have faced fines of more than $10,000 plus liquor license suspensions. Many have been able to pay but others still have suspensions in effect.


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--- layout: slides-960 title: "LinuxCon & ContainerCon 2016: Characterizing and Contrasting Kuhn-tey-ner Awr-kuh-streyt-ors" ---
Lee Calcote
LinuxCon+ContainerCon, August 2016
clouds, containers, infrastructure,
applications and their management
Available at ContainerCon
Preorder Available
[k uh n- tey -ner]
[ awr -k uh -streyt-or]
Definition:
(Stay tuned for updates to presentation)
One size does not fit all.
A strict apples-to-apples comparison is inappropriate and not the objective, hence characterizing and contrasting.
Let's not go here today.
Container orchestrators may be in te rm ix ed.
Genesis & Purpose
Support & Momentum
Host & Service Discovery
Scheduling
Modularity & Extensibility
Updates & Maintenance
Health Monitoring
Networking & Load-Balancing
High Availability & Scale
Compute
Network
Storage
Cluster Management
Host Discovery
Host Health Monitoring
Scheduling
Orchestrator Updates and Host Maintenance
Service Discovery
Networking and Load-Balancing
Application Health Monitoring
Application Deployments
Application Performance Monitoring
Swarm is simple and easy to setup.
Swarm is responsible for the clustering and scheduling aspects of orchestration.
Originally an imperative system, now declarative
Swarm’s architecture is not complex as those of Kubernetes and Mesos
Written in Golang, Swarm is lightweight, modular and extensible
aka
Swarmkit or Swarm mode
Docker Swarm 1.11 (Standalone)
Docker Swarm Mode 1.12
Contributions:
Standalone: ~3,000 commits, 12 core maintainers (140 contributors)
Swarmkit: ~2,000 commits, 12 core maintainers (40 contributors)
~250 Docker meetups worldwide
Production-ready:
Standalone announced 8 months ago (Nov 2015)
Swarmkit announced < 1 month ago (July 2016)
Host Discovery
used in the formation of clusters by the Manager to discover for Nodes (hosts).
Service Discovery
Embedded DNS and round robin load-balancing
Services are a new concept
image: iStock
Swarm’s scheduler is pluggable
Swarm scheduling is a combination of strategies and filters/constraint:
Random
Binpack
Spread*
Plugin?
Filters
container constraints (affinity, dependency, port) are defined as environment variables in the specification file
node constraints (health, constraint) must be specified when starting the docker daemon and define which nodes a container may be scheduled on.
image: pickywallpapers
Swarm Mode only supports Spread
Ability to remove batteries is a strength for Swarm:
Pluggable scheduler
Pluggable network driver
Pluggable distributed K/V store
Docker container engine runtime-only
Pluggable authorization (in docker engine)*
image: Alan Chia
Nodes
Nodes may be Active, Drained and Paused
Manual swarm manager and worker updates
Applications
Rolling updates now supported
--update-delay
--update-parallelism
--update-failure-action
image: 123RF
Nodes
Swarm monitors the availability and resource usage of nodes within the cluster
Applications
Swarm and Docker’s multi-host networking are simpatico
provides for user-defined overlay networks that are micro-segmentable
uses a gossip protocol for quick convergence of neighbor table
facilitates container name resolution via embedded DNS server (previously via etc/hosts)
You may bring your own network driver
Load-balancing based on IPVS
expose Service's port externally
L4 load-balancer; cluster-wide port publishing
Mesh routing
send a request to any one of the nodes and it will be routed automatically
send a request to any one of the nodes and it will be internally load balanced
Managers may be deployed in a highly-available configuration
Active/Standby - only one active Leader at-a-time
Maintain odd number of managers
Rescheduling upon node failure
No r
ebalancing upon node addition to the cluster
Does not support multiple failure isolation regions or federation
although, with caveats, federation is possible.
Scaling swarm to 1,000 AWS nodes and 50,000 containers
Suitable for orchestrating a combination of infrastructure containers
Has only recently added capabilities falling into the application bucket
Swarm is a young project
advanced features forthcoming
natural expectation of caveats in functionality
No rebalancing, autoscaling or monitoring, yet
Only schedules Docker containers, not containers using other specifications.
Does not schedule VMs or non-containerized processes
Need separate load-balancer for overlapping ingress ports
While dependency and affinity filters are available, Swarm does not provide the ability to enforce scheduling of two containers onto the same host or not at all.
Filters facilitate sidecar pattern. No “pod” concept.
Swarm works. Swarm is simple and easy to deploy.
1.12 eliminated the need for much third-party software
Facilitates earlier stages of adoption by organizations viewing containers as faster VMs
now with built-in functionality for applications
Swarm is easy to extend, if can already know Docker APIs, you can customize Swarm
Highly modular:
Pluggable scheduler
Pluggable K/V store for both node and multi-host networking
an opinionated framework for building distributed systems
or as its tagline states "an open source system for automating deployment, scaling, and operations of applications."
Written in Golang, Kubernetes is lightweight, modular and extensible
considered a third generation container orchestrator led by Google, Red Hat and others.
bakes in load-balancing, scale, volumes, deployments, secret management and cross-cluster federated services among other features.
Declaratively, opinionated with many key features included
Kubernetes is young (about two years old)
Announced as production-ready 13 months ago (July 2015)
Project currently has over 1,000 commits per month (~34,000 total)
made by about 100 (862 total) Kubernauts (Kubernetes enthusiasts)
~5,000 commits made in the latest release - 1.3.
Under the governance of the Cloud Native Computing Foundation
Robust set of documentation and ~90 meetups
Host Discovery
by default, the node agent (kubelet) is configured to register itself with the master (API server)
automating the joining of new hosts to the cluster
Service Discovery
Two primary modes of finding a Service
DNS
SkyDNS is deployed as a cluster add-on
environment variables
environment variables are used as a simple way of providing compatibility with Docker links-style networking
image: iStock
By default, scheduling is handled by kube-scheduler.
Pluggable
Selection criteria used by kube-scheduler to identify the best-fit node is defined by policy:
Predicates (node resources and characteristics):
PodFitPorts , PodFitsResources, NoDiskConflict , MatchNodeSelector, HostName , ServiceAffinit, LabelsPresence
Priorities (weighted strategies used to identify “best fit” node):
LeastRequestedPriority, BalancedResourceAllocation, ServiceSpreadingPriority, EqualPriority
One of Kubernetes strengths its pluggable architecture
Choice of:
database for service discovery or network driver
container runtime
users may choose to run Docker with Rocket containers
Cluster add-ons
optional system components that implement a cluster feature (e.g. DNS, logging, etc.)
shipped with the Kubernetes binaries and are considered an inherent part of the Kubernetes clusters
Applications
Deployment objects automate deploying and rolling updating applications.
Support for rolling back deployments
Kubernetes Components
Upgrading the Kubernetes components and hosts is done via shell script
Host maintenance - mark the node as unschedulable.
existing pods are not vacated from the node
prevents new pods from being scheduled on the node
image: 123RF
Nodes
Failures - actively monitors the health of nodes within the cluster
via Node Controller
Resources - usage monitoring leverages a combination of open source components:
cAdvisor, Heapster, InfluxDB, Grafana
Applications
three types of user-defined application health-checks and uses the Kubelet agent as the the health check monitor
HTTP Health Checks, Container Exec, TCP Socket
Cluster-level Logging
collect logs which persist beyond the lifetime of the pod’s container images or the lifetime of the pod or even cluster
standard output and standard error output of each container can be ingested using a Fluentd agent running on each node
…enter the Pod
atomic unit of scheduling
flat networking with each pod receiving an IP address
no NAT required, port conflicts localized
intra-pod communication via localhost
Load-Balancing
Services provide inherent load-balancing via kube-proxy:
runs on each node of a Kubernetes cluster
reflects services as defined in the Kubernetes API
supports simple TCP/UDP forwarding and round-robin and Docker-links-based service IP:PORT mapping.
Each master component may be deployed in a highly-available configuration.
Active/Standby configuration
In terms of scale, v1.2 brings support for 1,000 node clusters and a step toward fully-federated clusters (Ubernetes)
Application-level auto-scaling is supported within Kubernetes via Replication Controllers
Only runs containerized applications
For those familiar with Docker-only, Kubernetes requires understanding of new concepts
Powerful frameworks with more moving pieces beget complicated cluster deployment and management.
Lightweight graphical user interface
Does not provide as sophisticated techniques for resource utilization as Mesos
Kubernetes can schedule docker or rkt containers
Inherently opinionated with functionality built-in.
little to no third-party software needed
builds in many application-level concepts and services (secrets, petsets, jobsets, daemonsets, rolling updates, etc.)
advanced storage/volume management
Kubernetes arguably moving the quickest
Relatively thorough project documentation
Multi-master, cross-cluster federation, robust logging & metrics aggregation
Mesos is a distributed systems kernel
stitches together many different machines into a logical computer
Mesos has been around the longest (launched in 2009)
and is arguably the most stable, with highest (proven) scale currently
Mesos is written in C++
with Java, Python and C++ APIs
Marathon as a Framework
Marathon is one of a number of frameworks (Chronos and Aurora other examples) that may be run on top of Mesos
Frameworks have a scheduler and executor. Schedulers get resource offers. Executors run tasks.
Marathon is written in Scala
MesosCon 2015 in Seattle had 700 attendees
up from 262 attendees in 2014
78 contributors in the last year
Under the governance of Apache Foundation
Used by Twitter, AirBnb, eBay, Apple, Cisco, Yodle
Mesos-DNS generates an SRV record for each Mesos task
including Marathon application instances
Marathon will ensure that all dynamically assigned service ports are unique
Mesos-DNS is particularly useful when:
apps are launched through multiple frameworks (not just Marathon)
you are using an IP-per-container solution like Project Calico
you use random host port assignments in Marathon
image: iStock
Two level scheduler
First level scheduling happens at mesos master based on allocation policy , which decides which framework get resources
Second level scheduling happens at Framework scheduler , which decides what tasks to execute.
Provide reservations, over-subscriptions and preemption
Frameworks
multiple available
may run multiple frameworks
Modules
extend inner workings of Mesos by creating and using shared libraries that are loaded on demand
many types of Modules
Replacement, Isolator, Allocator, Authentication, Hook, Anonymous
Nodes
- Mesos has maintenance mode
Applications
Marathon can be instructed to deploy containers based on that component using a blue/green strategy
where old and new versions co-exist for a time.
image: 123RF
Nodes
Master tracks a set of statistics and metrics to monitor resource usage
Counters and Gauges
Applications
support for health checks (HTTP and TCP)
an event stream that can be integrated with load-balancers or for analyzing metrics
Networking
An IP per Container
No longer share the node's IP
Helps remove port conflicts
Enables 3rd party network drivers
Container Network Interface (CNI) isolator with MesosContainerize
Load-Balancing
Marathon offers two TCP/HTTP proxies
A simple shell script and a more complex one called marathon-lb that has more features.
Pluggable (e.g. Traefic for load-balancing)
A strength of Mesos’s architecture
requires masters to form a quorum using ZooKeeper (point of failure)
only one Active (Leader) master at-a-time in Mesos and Marathon
Scale is a strong suit for Mesos. Used at Twitter, AirBnB... TBD for Marathon
Great at asynchronous jobs. High availability built-in.
Referred to as the “golden standard” by Solomon Hykes, Docker CTO.
Universal Containerizer
abstract away from docker, rkt, kurma?, runc, appc
Can run multiple frameworks, including Kubernetes and Swarm.
Only of the container orchestrators that supports multi-tenancy
Good for Big Data house and job-oriented or task-oriented workloads.
Good for mixed workloads and with data-locality policies
Powerful and scalable, Battle-tested
Good for multiple large things you need to do 10,000+ node cluster system
Marathon UI is young, but promising
Still needs 3rd party tools
Marathon interface could be more Docker friendly (hard to get at volumes and registry)
May need a dedicated infrastructure IT team
an overly complex solution for small deployments
A high-level perspective of the container orchestrator spectrum .
clouds, containers, infrastructure,
applications and their management
Available at ContainerCon 2016
Preorder Available


--- faq: - question: What is IPTA? answer: The Indirect Provider Transformation Assessment (IPTA) is an exercise in understanding where on the modern partner transformation journey Microsoft's indirect CSP providers - distributors - are. It covers a broad range of services and capabilities influenced by industry research, reseller feedback and professional experience. - question: What's in it for me? answer: Completing a IPTA assessment twice a year brings many benefits. You'll gain a deeper understanding of your strengths and opportunities through the consultation with your Microsoft team. You'll gain clarity over where to make strategic bets on investing resources, developing services or solutions, etc. to make the biggest impact on your reseller channel. You'll also develop stronger and deeper relationships with your Microsoft team. Lastly, you'll be contributing to the indirect provider community. - question: What happens with my IPTA returns? answer: We're committed to ensuring sensitivity over the distribution of the results. We do not share identifiable results publicly, although we do share redacted insights and industry averages. The output from these assessments is used to empower and enrich the business planning process to provide focus - it isn't used to benchmark or rank against other indirect providers. - question: What about other assessment frameworks like PTI, MDPA, etc.? answer: Some Microsoft Partners hold many statuses besides being an indirect CSP provider. IPTA is a separate exercise which relates purely to the indirect CSP provider side of any business. It isn't superceded or replaced by any other assessment framework. Therefore, if you are an indirect CSP provider you should complete MIPA alongside anything else. - question: Can I change the results or re-run the assessment? answer: Typically, we run the MIPA assessment twice a year. This is to give a snapshot of progress throughout the year, and to avoid overheards in doing it too often. It is, however, a snapshot in time. Scores will change throughout the year as new capabilities are brought to market. You should work with your Microsoft team to regularly review progress against any goals identified through MIPA. The official returns will only be captured and updated twice per year. - question: I've heard about 'good, better, best' and MIPA. What are they? answer: IPTA has been known by other names in previous fiscal years. Originally 'good, better, best' or GBB, then later the 'Modern Indirect Provider Assessment' or MIPA. ---


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Command-Line Ninjitsu (SynJunkie) - here
Windows WMIC Command Line (ComputerHope) - here
Unfortunately some default configurations of windows do not allow access to WMIC unless the user is in the Administrators group (which is probably a really good idea). From my testing with VM's I noticed that any version of XP did not allow access to WMIC from a low privileged account. Contrary, default installations of Windows 7 Professional and Windows 8 Enterprise allowed low privilege users to use WMIC and query the operating system without modifying any settings. This is exactly what we need as we are using WMIC to gather information about the target machine.
[PowerProvider](https://github.com/0xbadjuju/PowerProvider/) and [WheresMyImplant](https://github.com/0xbadjuju/WheresMyImplant/)
https://github.com/ChrisTruncer/WMImplant
https://github.com/secabstraction/WmiSploit
https://github.com/ChrisTruncer/WMIOps/
EvilNetConnectionWMIProvider: https://github.com/jaredcatkinson/EvilNetConnectionWMIProvider
https://github.com/mattifestation/WMI_Backdoor
https://gist.github.com/mattifestation/e55843eef6c263608206
EviLWMIProvider: https://github.com/subTee/EvilWMIProvider
[Create-WMIShell](https://github.com/secabstraction/Create-WMIshell) | new-wmishell -ComputerName -UserName <Domain\Adminsitrator> -UploadTo -Encoding etc etc
[WMIcmd](https://github.com/nccgroup/WMIcmd) | Command shell wrapper using only WMI for windows. Allows executing commands via WMI


Specify below one or more space-separated IPs from which you do not wish to receive any traffic at all. You can also specify networks here using the / notation, e.g. <IP_ADDRESS>/24.


Check that all access is denied by default in web server settings and in authorization code.
Denying all access by default assures that only explicitly authorized access is possible.
To make sure all access is denied by default:
Enumerate all sensitive pages. Make a list of all pages that handle sensitive or private information.
Verify that all access is denied by default on the web server. Examine the web server configuration to make sure that all access is denied by default unless explicitly authorized.
Verify that all access is denied by default in authorization code. Review your application's authorization code to make sure that all access is denied by default.
To deny all access by default:
Enumerate all sensitive pages. Make a list of all pages that handle sensitive or private information.
Configure web-server authorization. Configure the web-server to deny all access by default for all locations that contain sensitive pages or data. The exact procedures are different for different web servers - please, refer to your web server's documentation for detailed instructions on configuring its access control settings.
Deny all access by default in your authorization code. Implement authorization in your application to deny all access by default.


Zend Framework
LICENSE
This source file is subject to the new BSD license that is bundled with this package in the file LICENSE.txt. It is also available through the world-wide-web at this URL: http://framework.zend.com/license/new-bsd If you did not receive a copy of the license and are unable to obtain it through the world-wide-web, please send an email to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>so we can send you a copy immediately.
Assists in constructing queries for user entries.
Instances of this class can be provided in many places where a URL is required.
For information on submitting queries to a server, see the service class, Zend_Gdata_Photos.
string $_projection = 'api'
Indicates the format of data returned in Atom feeds. Can be either 'api' or 'base'. Default value is 'api'.
string $_type = 'feed'
Indicates whether to request a feed or entry in queries. Default value is 'feed';
string $_user = 'Zend_Gdata_Photos'
A string which, if not null, indicates which user should be retrieved by this query. If null, the default user will be used instead.
__construct(
)
:
Create a new Query object with default values.
getAccess(
)
:
string
Get the visibility filter for entries returned.
getImgMax(
)
:
string
Get the maximum image size filter for entries returned.
getKind(
)
:
string
Get the kind of entries to be returned.
getProjection(
)
:
string
Gets the format of data in returned in Atom feeds.
getQueryUrl(
$incomingUri
=
null
)
:
string
Returns the URL generated for this query, based on it's current parameters.
getTag(
)
:
string
Get the tag filter for entries returned.
getThumbsize(
)
:
string
Get the thumbnail size filter for entries returned.
getType(
)
:
string
Gets the type of data in returned in queries.
getUser(
)
:
string
Get the user which is to be returned.
setAccess(
string $value
)
:
Set the visibility filter for entries returned. Only entries which match this value will be returned. If null or unset, the default value will be used instead.
Valid values are 'all' (default), 'public', and 'private'.
setImgMax(
string $value
)
:
Set the maximum image size for entries returned. Only entries which match this value will be returned. If null or unset, this filter will not be applied.
See http://code.google.com/apis/picasaweb/reference.html#Parameters for a list of valid values.
setKind(
string $value
)
:
Set the kind of entries that are returned. Only entries which match this value will be returned. If null or unset, this filter will not be applied.
See http://code.google.com/apis/picasaweb/reference.html#Parameters for a list of valid values.
setProjection(
string $value
)
:
Zend_Gdata_Photos_UserQuery
Set's the format of data returned in Atom feeds. Can be either 'api' or 'base'. Normally, 'api' will be desired. Default is 'api'.
setTag(
string $value
)
:
Set the tag for entries that are returned. Only entries which match this value will be returned. If null or unset, this filter will not be applied.
See http://code.google.com/apis/picasaweb/reference.html#Parameters for a list of valid values.
setThumbsize(
string $value
)
:
Set the thumbnail size filter for entries returned. Only entries which match this value will be returned. If null or unset, this filter will not be applied.
See http://code.google.com/apis/picasaweb/reference.html#Parameters for a list of valid values.
setType(
string $value
)
:
Zend_Gdata_Photos_UserQuery
Set's the type of data returned in queries. Can be either 'feed' or 'entry'. Normally, 'feed' will be desired. Default is 'feed'.
setUser(
string $value
)
:
Set the user to query for. When set, this user's feed will be returned. If not set or null, the default user's feed will be returned instead.


Meet people with brains who may or may not be in your area.
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SLIDING DOORS A film review by Mark R. Leeper
Capsule: Two possible futures for the same woman are explored in SLIDING DOORS. Issues of fate and happenstance are the subjects of a lightly science-fictional romantic comedy. Our present seems to split into two alternate futures just when Helen is having a bad day. We follow her life in both of two parallel story lines. We see what things are different and which are the same as in both worlds she works out the kinks in her love life. Gwyneth Paltrow is charming in a generally cleverly written script. Rating: 7 (0 to 10), +2 (-4 to +4)
Some of the most interesting science fiction films have no special effects at all. SLIDING DOORS is a new film much in the mold of the 1971 film QUEST FOR LOVE. Each tells a pair of love stories in parallel timelines that have split off from each other. In SLIDING DOORS we cut from one story to the other seeing how things progress for our character in each of the two possible futures. Some things happen quite differently, some are mysteriously similar.
Helen (Gwyneth Paltrow) is already not having a good day. She has just lost a nice job at a London public relations firm.  He is shagging with his old girl friend Lydia (Jeanne Tripplehorn). As Helen is heading down the stairs to the Underground, time mysteriously splits. From this point on, we cut back and forth between the two worlds following the lives of Helen1 in one world and Helen2 in the other. Helen1 is delayed ever-so-slightly on the stairs and gets to her platform just in time to have the train sliding doors slam in her face with her on the wrong side. Helen2, who was not delayed on the stairs, gets to the train a moment sooner, makes the train, and finds a seat next to the charming James (John Hannah). Helen1 is forced to look for a cab and on the way is mugged. She must spend a few hours in hospital. Helen2, not delayed, returns to the flat to find Gerry2 in bed with Lydia2. Deciding that she needs an entirely new life, Helen2 leaves Gerry2 and goes to live with her best friend. Helen1 is released from the hospital and returns home to find some evidence that Gerry1 is cheating on her, but is in no mood to chase it down. Each Helen has to find a new living now. Helen1 puts her hair in braids and takes a job as a waitress. Helen2 starts wearing her hair blond and short and sets up her own public relations firm. After two or three chance encounters with James2, Helen2 decides to start dating him, in spite of not trusting him after her former relationship. Gerry2 takes up with Lydia2 again but wants to win Helen2 back and Lydia2 is just as determined to stand in the way. Meanwhile Helen1 becomes more and more suspicious that Gerry1 is cheating on her.
This is not an easy concept to get across to the audience. It would just not be very subtle to put a placard in front of the audience saying "time is splitting and we are following two futures for Helen." At one time it might have been handled, as it was in QUEST FOR LOVE, with a wise old scientist popping up to explain that time has taken two paths and Helen is in each world living different lives. But either would have been crude and the accent here is not on the science but on just exploring two possible futures for the same modern woman. And unfortunately just when the concept would have been most confusing for the audience, just after the split has taken place, the two lives are the most similar. The viewer probably does not realize there is a Gerry1 and a Gerry2 and wonders why Gerry1 does not remember the falling-out that Gerry2 had with Helen2. However as Helen1's appearance and life diverges from that of Helen2 it becomes somewhat clearer
As everyone is aware, Paltrow is an actress who is pleasant to look at but who rarely get challenging roles. This is by far her best acting, as she plays two women growing and changing in different ways from the same beginning. Unfortunately, there is not much original required in either of her roles. Betrayed lovers have been done all too frequently on the screen. John Hannah is likable on the screen, John Lynch seems a little too befuddled to be leading a double life. Neither does much extraordinary. This film offers an interesting idea but little beyond the novelty of the two parallel paths. Neither story by itself is of sufficient interest that anyone would pay to see it in a theater. Even if both stories were told consecutively one after the other they would be two very bland stories. Only a little obvious contrivance gives the film a tiny amount of dramatic tension toward the end of each story. It is the editing together and simultaneous telling that give the film its ginger. That allows the viewer to compare two futures and is what makes the exercise worth seeing.
I rate SLIDING DOORS a 7 on the 0 to 10 scale and a +2 on the -4 to +4 scale.
Mark R. Leeper<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright 1998 Mark R. Leeper
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Runs a solidification calculation.
int jmpRunSolidificationCalculation (void);
This function has no parameters.
JMP_STATUS_OK |
Request has been successfully completed. |
JMP_STATUS_ERROR |
An error has occurred. |
coldfire.in
This file is created to store the thermodynamics and compositions of phases obtained during solidification. It is very similar in structure to scheil.out
, since the basis of the calculation is the Solver's Scheil-Gulliver model. The solidification behaviour described here takes into account the average composition of the solid formed and, when appropriate, solid-state transformations occurring during or after solidification. It is used as input for the Coldfire module, in order to calculate physical and thermophysical properties of the alloy during solidification.
coldfire.out
The final stage of a solidification calculation involves running Coldfire to determine physical and thermophysical properties for the whole temperature range. The required input data is read from coldfire.in
, and the output is written to this file in tab-separated format. The list of properties to consider may be adjusted using jmpSetPhysicalProperty() and jmpUnsetPhysicalProperty().
Runtime/win32
(for 32-bit applications) or Runtime/x64
(for 64-bit applications), found in the API installation directory, should be placed at the same level as your executable file.| Headers | jmpcore.h jmpsolidification.h |
| Library | jmpsolidification.lib /jmpsolidification_x64.lib |
| DLLs | jmpcore.dll /jmpcore_x64.dll
jmpsolver.dll /jmpsolver_x64.dll
jmpcoldfire.dll /jmpcoldfire_x64.dll
jmpsolidification.dll /jmpsolidification_x64.dll
|


Stera.The Future of Sanitization
is Here
With an aim to revolutionize sanitation, with research to back our
ambition,
with a desire to protect and shield the world - Stera is what you've
been
waiting for. The last year has taught us that health preceds all
other
priorities. And shielding your health is our priority.
Stera has evolved to revolutionize how a common individual thinks of
Sanitization and disinfection. With an extraordinary strong pedigree
in
pharmaceutical related research and development for the last few
deacades.
Stera is not a marketing company but a research and development
company
We bring to you, suitable for home and commercial use. Stera UV
Disinfection shield - the disinfection shield of our time. And our
journey has
just begun. We have a series of products in our pipeline that will
revolutionize
the disinfection sector.


SMoOnion
Stop-Motion software for DSLR cameras with onion skin features.
Currently only Nikon D90 supported.
Features roadmap:
Single frame snapshot
LiveView with previous frame on onion skin
Battery level warning
Onion skin visible up to 3 previous frames
Import video for rotoscoping
Support for rest of cameras
Known issues and improvements:
Onion skin on last frame not getting correct opacity level
Improve timer logic
Every time user takes a snapshot, next time it takes slightly longer to process
contact:
anne.van.zondervan[at]protonmail.com


-
Fuertes, Ana-Maria and Miffre, Joëlle and Rallis, Georgios, Tactical Allocation in Commodity Futures Markets: Combining Momentum and Term Structure Signals (April 22, 2010). Journal of Banking and Finance 34, 2530-2548. Online Copy
-
Jez Liberty, Roll Yield and Commodity Yield Curve (July 19th, 2010). Automated Trading System Online Copy


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block styles%} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
The gist of pitching is to get off to a fast start, explain the relevance of what you do, stay at a high level, listen to audience reaction and then pitch over and over again until you get it right.
Instill it in a minute.


XINE(1) XINE(1) NAME xine-list-1.1 - get supported filetype information from xine-lib SYNOPSIS xine-list-1.1 [options...] DESCRIPTION xine-list-1.1 is a tool that is used to list the MIME type and filename extension information known and supported by the installed xine-lib. It is of use in filling in MIME information in front ends' desktop files. OPTIONS xine-list-1.1 accepts the following options: -m --mime-types List the MIME types known to xine-lib. (This is the default action.) -e --extensions List the file types (filename extensions) known to xine-lib. -a --all List the MIME types known to xine-lib, along with their filename extensions and descriptions. -p --pretty-print Add line feeds; print each item on a line of its own. COPYRIGHT Copyright © 2008 the xine project. Permission to use, copy, modify, and distribute this software and its documentation for any purpose and without fee is hereby granted, provided that the above copyright notice appear in all copies and that both that copyright notice and this permission notice appear in supporting documen‐ tation. The xine project 2001-08-28 XINE(1)


Posted by Anyinlover on May 30, 2016
Posted by Anyinlover on May 23, 2016
Posted by Anyinlover on May 22, 2016
Posted by Anyinlover on May 21, 2016
从一滴水中见到海洋


Main panel
In general, there are CUIs (or NLP nodes) and nonCUIs (codified concepts) as two major classes of nodes, which we use circles and triangles to represent. For CUIs, By hovering your mouse onto any node, you will see the basic information including node ID and group name.
If hovering on an edge, a tooltip will show up with the connected node information and the cosine similarity. However, this is not recommended when the center node is surrounded by too many nodes, which easily leads to mistouch.
You can use the nagivation buttons on the bottom to control the size of the network and move the center of the graph. The same funcionality can be achieved by scrolling up or down the mouse wheel or dragging any blank area in the main panel. Clicking the download button on the top right corner will start downloading a csv file including all edge information on the graph (five columns: center node id/label, connected node id/label and cosine similarity). The questionmark button opens an instruction window.


public static final HTML.Attribute SIZE
public static final HTML.Attribute COLOR
public static final HTML.Attribute CLEAR
public static final HTML.Attribute BACKGROUND
public static final HTML.Attribute BGCOLOR
public static final HTML.Attribute TEXT
public static final HTML.Attribute LINK
public static final HTML.Attribute VLINK
public static final HTML.Attribute ALINK
public static final HTML.Attribute WIDTH
public static final HTML.Attribute HEIGHT
public static final HTML.Attribute ALIGN
public static final HTML.Attribute NAME
public static final HTML.Attribute HREF
public static final HTML.Attribute REL
public static final HTML.Attribute REV
public static final HTML.Attribute TITLE
public static final HTML.Attribute TARGET
public static final HTML.Attribute SHAPE
public static final HTML.Attribute COORDS
public static final HTML.Attribute ISMAP
public static final HTML.Attribute NOHREF
public static final HTML.Attribute ALT
public static final HTML.Attribute ID
public static final HTML.Attribute SRC
public static final HTML.Attribute HSPACE
public static final HTML.Attribute VSPACE
public static final HTML.Attribute USEMAP
public static final HTML.Attribute LOWSRC
public static final HTML.Attribute CODEBASE
public static final HTML.Attribute CODE
public static final HTML.Attribute ARCHIVE
public static final HTML.Attribute VALUE
public static final HTML.Attribute VALUETYPE
public static final HTML.Attribute TYPE
public static final HTML.Attribute CLASS
public static final HTML.Attribute STYLE
public static final HTML.Attribute LANG
public static final HTML.Attribute FACE
public static final HTML.Attribute DIR
public static final HTML.Attribute DECLARE
public static final HTML.Attribute CLASSID
public static final HTML.Attribute DATA
public static final HTML.Attribute CODETYPE
public static final HTML.Attribute STANDBY
public static final HTML.Attribute BORDER
public static final HTML.Attribute SHAPES
public static final HTML.Attribute NOSHADE
public static final HTML.Attribute COMPACT
public static final HTML.Attribute START
public static final HTML.Attribute ACTION
public static final HTML.Attribute METHOD
public static final HTML.Attribute ENCTYPE
public static final HTML.Attribute CHECKED
public static final HTML.Attribute MAXLENGTH
public static final HTML.Attribute MULTIPLE
public static final HTML.Attribute SELECTED
public static final HTML.Attribute ROWS
public static final HTML.Attribute COLS
public static final HTML.Attribute DUMMY
public static final HTML.Attribute CELLSPACING
public static final HTML.Attribute CELLPADDING
public static final HTML.Attribute VALIGN
public static final HTML.Attribute HALIGN
public static final HTML.Attribute NOWRAP
public static final HTML.Attribute ROWSPAN
public static final HTML.Attribute COLSPAN
public static final HTML.Attribute PROMPT
public static final HTML.Attribute HTTPEQUIV
public static final HTML.Attribute CONTENT
public static final HTML.Attribute LANGUAGE
public static final HTML.Attribute VERSION
public static final HTML.Attribute N
public static final HTML.Attribute FRAMEBORDER
public static final HTML.Attribute MARGINWIDTH
public static final HTML.Attribute MARGINHEIGHT
public static final HTML.Attribute SCROLLING
public static final HTML.Attribute NORESIZE
public static final HTML.Attribute ENDTAG
public static final HTML.Attribute COMMENT
Submit a bug or feature
For further API reference and developer documentation, see Java SE Documentation. That documentation contains more detailed, developer-targeted descriptions, with conceptual overviews, definitions of terms, workarounds, and working code examples.
Copyright © 1993, 2015, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.


About Me
My Teacher
Citations
Citations
w3schools
- for helping with my former webpage
Max Zhou - everything and for Irene's head
Materialize
- for CSS framework and making everything look beautiful


My Dream come true
As a child I had always loved playing games.I used to really wonder how it was possible to create a game which was so immersive and fun to play.When I came to know about the game development workshop at IITM Research Park I was really excited and signed up for the workshop immediately.The workshop was from 9:00 AM to 6:00 PM and we started with the basics of Unity.I was shocked to know about the number of hours spent to create a single game.The amount of hardwork to create a simple game such as Play Snake.
The mentors at the workshop were very kind and clarified my doubts.The most challenging part was aligning the sprites into place as it needed exact X and Y coordinates.The coding was done in C Sharp.I felt very happy when the ball moved from point A to B.I liked Unity because it is easy to debug,use and design.I felt very happy when I finished making the game and look forward to do more!
More About my game
Rules of the Game
The rules of the game are very simple.The user has to jump across chainsaws and reach the end.If the ball touches the chainsaw he loses the game and must play again from the beginning.


Hoi An
We took the night bus up the coast from Nha Trang to Hoi An, which was an interesting experience! The seats are bunk-style, one on top of the other, three across. The seats are either partially reclined or almost reclined - so you're neither sitting up straight nor laying down flat. They were comfortable enough, but there wasn't a ton of legroom (especially for Alan, who is 6 feet tall), and there isn't a lot of space on the seat once all your stuff is on there with you (other than our big backpacks, which were underneath in the luggage compartment).
The best part of the night bus was as we were arriving into Hoi An: the lights all turned on and an upbeat Aqua song started blaring out the speakers! It was hilarious; everyone was cracking up.
The downside of the night bus was that it arrived in Hoi An at just after 6am. We hung around the bus office for awhile and then had breakfast down the street before walking to our homestay.
We stayed at Quynh Nhan Homestay, which was one of the nicer places we've stayed. It came with free bikes, because it was a little further from the old town (but still easily walkable), which we used every day. I loved biking around; the town was completely flat, so it was an easy way to get around quickly.
It also came with free breakfast. You could choose from a variety of things the night before - I had the banana pancakes almost every day, which were yummy. The rooms were really spacious and nice as well, and the bed was super comfortable - which is not always the case in Vietnam! The staff were all super friendly as well; on our last day, they invited us to enjoy a Vietnamese lunch they had prepared (which was yummy!)
Since we arrived around 8am, we weren't able to check in to the homestay quite yet, but they took our bags for us and let us borrow the bicycles while we waited.
We biked all around town for a couple hours to check it out. I really liked the town; it's built along a river, with a couple bridges connecting to an island.
In order to enter the old town (which is a UNESCO World Heritage Site) you need to purchase a ticket, which costs 120 VND (approximately $6 US) each.
This whole ticket thing was utterly confusing, because nothing we had read online had mentioned anything about needing it just to enter the old town - just to enter some of the sites (museums, etc) within it. Also it was unclear whether we needed one ticket per day, or whether it was good for a longer period of time. On top of that, some people were just walking in without one, and no one seemed to stop them, which further confused us. I later managed to find a site online which said that it only started earlier this year, and it wasn't really heavily enforced (as we witnessed). The lady at the ticket booth told us it was good for our whole stay, but the ticket itself had a date on it and said only valid that day. Regardless, we used it multiple days and never had a problem. The ticket also has five pieces that get ripped off once you go inside one of the many historic sites around town.
Unfortunately, I woke up the next morning with a sore throat. I think I caught something on the bus (there were a couple ladies coughing all night). That, combined with not getting a ton of sleep, made me catch a cold. I spent the rest of our time in Hoi An sniffling and coughing and generally not feeling well - and taking lots of naps! Good thing the bed was so comfy. By the end of our time in Hoi An, Alan was sick as well.
We ended up going to several of the historic buildings but only getting checked at a couple - the Japanese covered bridge and the Museum of Trade Ceramics.
The Museum of Trade Ceramics was in a really cool older house, which is in several parts connected with a sort of courtyard in the middle. The front part would typically be used to sell things out of, while they lived in the back. We'd heard some of the historic houses you could visit weren't that great, but that the museums were in historic houses themselves. The museum itself was sort of interesting - detailing how Hoi An used to be a trade centre and ceramics from here have been found all across South East Asia, and as far away as India and the Middle East.
Aside from that, we visited a couple of assembly halls - the Quang Trieu (Chinese Cantonese) Assembly Hall and the Trieu Chau Assembly Hall.
At night, there are lanterns everywhere that light up the streets. It's obviously for the tourists, but it still looks super pretty.
Along the river there was a fishing demonstation. A huge net was set up, and a couple times during the day someone would show how it worked. It was cool, but it did leave us with some questions on how they actually get the fish out once the net is brought up, as he would just let it back down again and repeat the demonstation.
We also spent our last afternoon at the beach (a short twenty minute bike ride away), which seemed to help my cold - I felt so much better after our time there! It's a long strip of pretty nice sand; the area around the entrance was a bit busy and had loungers to rent, but further down the beach was nice and quiet. It was a nice place to relax! You could even see the town of Danang way off in the distance.


Hello and welcome to Curb Your Footprint! This site is designed to show the impact we make on the world around us. As climate change worsens it is vital to know what our personal impact is and what we can do to reduce it. To find out what your carbon footprint is press the button below.


Yes, all of them and then some.
It's hard to condense nearly thirty years of trying, succeeding
and failing, to connect too and to understand other living beings.
But I shall give it a shot.
I am an open book and very .. spiritual? in my perspective of the universe and
all beings within it. Whether life is 'chaos', 'chance', 'alien/divine
entities play project' or just that we are all 'one' consciousness existing in
the vastness of nothing. Viewing and experiencing ourselves from as many different
perspectives as possible, in pursuit of self understanding and betterment or
maybe just to while away the time.
I know at least these two things.
We all benefit from caring for each other,
We all suffer when one of us is indecent to another and dare I say,
the inflicter is more damaged by the event than the victim (in most case's anyway).
As our species progressed, we learnt that we were stronger as one,
and that we could get ahead in the game by pooling resources and efforts.
But I believe we have now come to the point where we need to be less interdependent,
and become stronger and more capable as individuals, so as to strengthen
and further enable the whole.
To reach that next level I believe we must first
use our strength of interdependence to new heights and to do the best we can to
help enable those less able to be independent, to become stronger.
The idiom "A chain is no stronger than it's weakest link" comes to mind,
if you wish for a pragmatic shortening.
As for growing trust and sincerity .. well for others towards me, it
will take them the time to trust me, that it takes for them to open up to me.
But for me, I trust all beings until they have given me good reason to
doubt their sincerity and integrity. Even then, I just keep make sure
to keep them at a safe distance, they still have my sincerity.
As for "How did they go" ... well they're still going and I'm still optimistic :D
Bullying, rape, racism, anti-semitism, culling, genocide, dumbing down, mind
control, self abuse and much much more have gone on since the dawn of our time.
Our history books only cover an nth of our actual time thus far and all of
the above are most prevalent throughout them.
We are exquisite star dust children ... yet still so very
infantile.
Torn within ourselves and as such segregated outside of ourselves.
We are now at a point in time, in our evolution as individuals, as a species and
as the currently responsible overseers of life on this planet,
where it is time to cease this self inflicted denial and finally uphold the
mantle we have so far, proclaimed to carry.
But before this can be done, we need to first mend the bridges inside our hearts,
that connect us to all other living beings.
It is somewhat hard to write the counter to this argument, as ironically (sadly),
the vast majority of us mostly hold true to the above mentioned perspective.
But in the name of science I shall give you one many of us have likely heard.
Sure killing is bad, and war is terrible ... but look at all the great inventions
that have come about during and because of them. Look at the technological leaps and
bounds we have made over such short periods of time ... the medical advances.
Then also consider our situation regarding overpopulation. How many more
people would there be if we didn't keep killing ourselves.
I could embellish a little more, but I think we have all been here before
and as such get the picture.
The truth is, for any of our childish misgivings
done in the name of our own foolish infancy to be left in the past and for the
blood to be washed away. We must no longer turn a blind eye, we must share
as much as we can, we must not feel whole and or satisfied until everyone
is smiling. We finally have the technology, the global connection and have spiritually
progressed far enough to start broadening the nets and balance the unevenly
weighted scales.
Congratulations for making it this far, you must have mastered mindfulness.
Human decency++


na
br
eune
euw
kr
lan
las
na
oce
ru
tr
I played:
All Champions
All Champions
All Teams
All Teams
Blue Team
Red Team
All Roles
All Roles
Top
Mid
Marksman
Support
Jungle
All Seasons
All Seasons
Season 4
Pre-Season 5
Season 5
×
Instructions:
Please enter your summoner name to see your winrates against enemy champions! Adjust the settings above to filter matches based on what you played. Click the list buttons to toggle the ordering of champions in the list.
Winrate
Descending


Hi! I'm Dan, a physics student at Oxford. My work focuses on LZ, an experiment in South Dakota dedicated to finding non model specific mass constraints for WIMPs, a leading candidate for dark matter, though I've worked on other physics experiments too. If you want to know what that means, throw me an email. I also love outreach, and would be happy to help educate in any way I can.


In the past few days I have added support for a clean build on Mac OS
X. That is, vitunes should build cleanly, as-is, on a Mac. Only the
following needs addressing by any Mac users:
-
Update the install locations in the Makefile
(
PREFIX
) appropriately.
-
Edit the LDFLAGS
variable in the Makefile to
include -lncursesw
rather than
-lncurses
.
-
Either manually modify the
DEFAULT_PLAYER_PATH
variable in config.h
, or simply run vitunes
with the -m
flag and a proper path to
mplayer
.
With this, it should be rather trivial for a porter to get this into
either
MacPorts or similar.
Thanks to Joshua Conner and André Berger for their help.
NOTE: This isn't in any release yet, including the most
recent, as it still needs heavy testing.


solidagos.Rmd
UNDER DEVELOPMENT
#> Loading required package: ggplot2
The spatial extent of our area of interest is our study area divided into primary sampling units. Each primary sampling unit is a window
and properties
. window
defined the space and properties
define enviromental variables associated with that space. The example_study_area
mimics a single linear roadside along the gradient of a single environmental variable. Each sampling unit is a 1 x 0.25 rectangle. The units here are relative; each unit could be seen as, e.g., a 20m x 5m transect.
Here is our study area showing the environmental gradient:
draw_study_area(example_study_area)
A species is a name
, a list
of aes
thetics (for plotting), and a list
of trait
s. trait
s are functions that take in properties
of a sampling unit and return a function
of x
and y
which are passed to simulators for generating population units on a plane.
speciesA #> $name #> [1] "A" #> #> $aes #> $aes$color #> [1] "#e41a1c" #> #> #> $traits #> $traits$rarity #> function (properties) #> { #> L <- c(1, unlist(properties[property_map])) #> function(x, y) { #> val <- drop(t(L) %*% kappa) #> rep(val, length(x)) #> } #> } #> <bytecode: 0x7fce5649e9d8> #> <environment: 0x7fce5649f9d0> #> #> $traits$clumping #> function (properties) #> { #> L <- c(1, unlist(properties[property_map])) #> function(x, y) { #> val <- drop(t(L) %*% mu) #> rep(val, length(x)) #> } #> } #> <bytecode: 0x7fce564a0460> #> <environment: 0x7fce564a1458>
The example includes 3 species:
study_species <- list( speciesA, speciesB, speciesC )
Populations are the coordinates of species specimens along with information about the sampling unit.  At the second stage, simulated observers follow a protocol
to measure populations within each sampled segment. Observers use a probabalistic dectector
function to take samples within a segment. Different detector
functions determines with what probability an observer detects population units and how observers take samples. For example, the oracle observer (a.k.a the Weakley observer) observes all population units. An observer using the half-Normal detector walks the length of a segment and observes units with a decaying probability the further away from the road edge. Below we describe the observer and detector functions used in the study and give an example of each.
The simpliest observer views an entire sampling unit (protocol = cover_area
) and observes all the specimens within that unit with probability 1 (detector = oracle_detector
.
observer1 <- create_observer(cover_segment, oracle_detector) obs <- observer1(pop[[1]])
Here we plot Xs over each specimen collected by our observer:
obs <- tibble::tibble(!!!obs$data[c("x", "y", "species")])[obs$observations == 1, ] draw_populations(pop[[1]]) + geom_point( data = obs, shape = 4 )
Another observer systematically observes all specimens within 5 regularly spaced 0.05 x 0.05 unit rectangles within a study unit:
observer2 <- create_observer(systematic, oracle_detector) obs <- observer2(pop[[1]])
obs <- tibble::tibble(!!!obs$data[c("x", "y", "species")])[obs$observations == 1, ] draw_populations(pop[[1]]) + geom_rect( data = tibble::tibble( xmin = seq(0.1, 0.9, by = .2) - 0.025, xmax = seq(0.1, 0.9, by = .2) + 0.025, ymin = 0.25/2 - 0.025, ymax = 0.25/2 + 0.025, ), aes(xmin = xmin, xmax = xmax, ymin = ymin, ymax = ymax), inherit.aes = FALSE, fill = "grey50" # color = "black" ) + geom_point( data = obs, shape = 4 )
Another observer walks the long edge of a roadside segment and detects specimens with a decaying probability the further specimens are located from the roadside edge.
observer3 <- create_observer(cover_segment, create_detector(phnorm, theta = 0.1)) obs <- observer3(pop[[1]])
obs <- tibble::tibble(!!!obs$data[c("x", "y", "species")])[obs$observations == 1, ] draw_populations(pop[[1]]) + geom_point( data = obs, shape = 4 )
Working towards a prototype…
library(SDraw) #> Warning: package 'SDraw' was built under R version 3.6.2 #> Loading required package: sp #> SDraw - Sample Draws (v 2.1.13) library(sp) as_points <- function(area){ SpatialPointsDataFrame( data.frame(x = 1:length(area), y = 0), data = data.frame(id = 1:length(area)) ) } observer1 <- create_observer(cover_segment, oracle_detector) srs_oracle_design <- list( stage1 = function(area) { area[sdraw(x = as_points(area), n = 10, type = "SRS")$id] }, stage2 = function(segment) { observer1(segment) } ) do_study <- function(pop, design){ s1 <- design$stage1(pop) s2 <- purrr::map(s1, ~ design$stage2(.x)) s2 } # do_study(pop, srs_oracle_design)
Baddeley, Adrian, and Rolf Turner. 2005. “spatstat: An R Package for Analyzing Spatial Point Patterns.” Journal of Statistical Software 12 (6): 1–42. http://www.jstatsoft.org/v12/i06/.


So I'd been hearing about K2 for several months, with mixed experiences being reported. My boyfriend smokes it regularly, and finally I decided to try it. Let me say that before the K2, I hadn't used any drugs -- no marijuana, no pills, nothing -- for ten years. I guess curiosity killed the cat in my situation.
The first time I smoked it, I stupidly took like six hits off a joint. I was thinking that K2 was like marijuana, and boy, was I wrong. Within about five minutes, I felt like I got hit with a mack truck of K2. I didn't want to stand, my balance/equilibrium were WAY off. On the other hand, everything seemed hysterically funny and I couldn't stop laughing. I got the munchies like I used to when I smoked marijuana, but eating unfortunately wasn't as enjoyable as it was then.
I was definitely expecting a marijuana-like effect, but what I got was much different. K2 really caused a disconnect between me and my body. I would go to sit down and feel as if I was unaware of the position of my body in relation to the chair.  I felt as if I were living in small, isolated movies....for example, I would try to find my hairbrush in my bag and it was like an intense mission that felt like it took hours. During those 'movies', all other noise would be blocked out or at least dulled to the point that I wasn't paying attention to it at all.
There is also some pretty intense paranoia associated with smoking K2, at least for me, and even at smaller doses such as just two hits. Now, keep in mind that K2 is legal in my state....doesn't matter. I was hallucinating that cop cars were following us, and hearing people whisper in my ear that weren't there. I guess everyone's experience would be different and in line with your basic personality, but for me, the hallucinations I experienced were basically all associated with paranoia. My sense of hearing was heightened, which would have been kind of cool if I hadn't been so paranoid.
The absolute worst part about smoking K2, for me at least, is the long-lasting aftereffects. Right now as I write this, I haven't smoked K2 for almost twenty-four hours (and the last time I smoked it was ONE hit). I still feel a severe disconnect between me and my body. I am unsure while walking where my feet are going to land. If my cats are around, I could almost trip over them because I don't know where to walk.
Now what I will say is that I have smoked it with two other people, and neither of them have had these kinds of experiences. Neither of them got paranoid after the first time they smoked it. Neither of them are so debilitated by its effects the next day. I am suspecting that K2 simply doesn't agree with my body, for whatever reason.
Oh, one more thing! The only POSITIVE effect I experienced from K2 was heightened sexual pleasure immediately after smoking it. I could almost compare it to ecstasy in this respect. My orgasms last significantly longer, and the emotional connection is deeply intensified. Amazing, and if I do smoke it again, this will be why.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Boris Johnson refuses to apologise for 'letterbox and bum boys' jibes
Boris Johnson refused to apologise for offensive language used in his journalism after being accused of contributing to ‘race hate’.
The prime minister defended describing Muslim women wearing the burqa as looking like letterboxes, saying he was making a ‘liberal case for women being allowed to wear what they want.’
Johnson was the last of four party leaders to take to the stage during a BBC Question time special tonight.
An audience member asked: ‘You have contributed to race hate. Will you accept that and apologise?’
He replied: ‘I have written many millions of words in my life as a journalist and I have… genuinely never intended to cause hurt or pain to anybody’.
The PM said he believed the question was a reference to an article in the Telegraph last year, when he was accused of Islamophobia for comparing Muslim women to letterboxes.
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However, presenter Fiona Bruce stepped in to remind him of a list of controversial things he has said before and during his political career – including notorious comments about ‘tank-topped bum boys’.
She said: ‘To be fair, there’s a few articles. So there’s the Muslims going around looking like letterboxes, which was last year, you referred to tribal warriors with watermelon smiles and flag-waving pickaninnies and then just to get another demographic in, tank-topped bum boys.’
The PM was laughed at when he tried to skirt the question by saying you can always find things ‘which may look offensive’ when taken out of context.
He faced accusations that he had ‘personally contributed’ to rampant racism in Britain but refused to apologise, saying: ‘I defend my right to speak out’.
He said: ‘If you go through all my articles with a fine-tooth comb and take out individual phrases there is no doubt that you can find things that can be made to seem offensive and of course I understand that.’
Jeremy Corbyn, Nicola Sturgeon and Jo Swinson all came together to answer 30 minutes of questions from the Question Time audience before the PM was scrutinised.
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Boris Johnson has previously faced calls to apologise for his notorious comments and has consistently remained defiant on the matter.
However he said his party had ‘zero tolerance of Islamophobia’ and will have an inquiry into all forms of prejudice in the Conservative Party.
Other issues he was grilled on include alleged Russian interference in British democracy, the NHS, and the importance of the ‘truth’.
He said there was ‘no evidence’ of Russian interference and refused calls to publish a report on the matter.
On the NHS, he said his conservative government were building 20 hospitals, which in time would raise to 40.
These figures were called into question by Fiona Brunce, who said under the current spending plan the Tories could only afford to build six.
The PM was met with cheers and jeers as he exited the stage.
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Alleged fraud: I’ll not shield my aides from prosecution – Ortom
by Hamed ShobiyePeter Duru – Makurdi
Benue State Governor, Samuel Ortom, said on Monday he would not shield any of his appointees accused of corruption from investigation and prosecution.
The governor said he would not hinder justice from taking its course in any of such cases.
Ortom also insisted that his absolute belief in the tenets of rule of law would remain his guiding principle as governor of the state.
The governor, who spoke through a statement issued by his Chief Press Secretary, Terver Akase, was reacting to the arraignment of his Principal Private Secretary, Mr. Steven Amase and a former Commissioner for Works in the state, Mr. Emmanuel Manger, by the Independent Corrupt Practices and Other Related Offences Commission (ICPC) for allegedly manipulating the award of a N4.8billion road project in the state.
The duo were arraigned before Justice Samuel Itodo of the state High Court, Makurdi, last Friday.
Reacting to the development, the governor said he would continue to align himself with the principles of due process and rule of law, adding that anytime any of his aides was accused of any fraudulent act he would not shield such person from investigation and prosecution.
Ortom said: “The allegation is a mere accusation and the onus lies on the accuser to prove the same beyond all reasonable doubts. And for emphasis, none of my appointees has been convicted since the inception of my administration.
“It is also normal in law that if any anti-graft agency accuses anyone of a corrupt act, it is left to that person to avail himself and defend the allegations because a person is presumed innocent until found guilty and convicted by the courts.”


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One key factor to an objective assessment of weather/climate events is data availability, both observational data and model simulations that address the unique environment of a climate-related event under consideration.
The FACcility for Weather and Climate AssessmenTS (FACTS) is a freely available resource from NOAA/PSL that provides such datasets. This site is intended especially for the purpose of enabling near real-time assessments of physical factors driving weather/climate events by a broad scientific community and other interested users.


Two days into building Event Reporter (you can find the project guidelines here), I was flummoxed. I’d only been programming in Ruby for a little over a week, and we were diving head-first into test-driven development, while programming our first project without any training wheels. I came to Katrina, our super-heroine, molecular-biologist-turned-programmer instructor, and showed her my codebase. I was trying hard to separate concerns, build different classes, and keep every class and every test in its own file. This was starting to confuse me, and I was starting to lose sight of how to connect all the pieces back to one another. She took a few looks at what I had done, and asked me to rm -rf
everything. All of it.
I looked at her in disbelief, explained that this was hours worth of work (even though really it looked like there wasn’t much there)… and then complied. And cried a little inside.
Starting with a blank slate, and just two files this time – one for all of my classes, and one for all of my tests – I looked at the requirements and started building from the first test case, “Happy Path”. I had one day left before the project was done, and I was starting to stress out. Why was this so hard? Every class I’ve ever taken, every passion I have pursued, has come easily to me. I can memorize insane facts, make connections between farming and management, lead groups, organize events, cook awesome organic meals, fix bicycles, juggle, live in yurts… and this project is the thing that is going to show me who is boss? I couldn’t handle it.
With every hour that went by, as some tests failed and somewhere along the way, a few passed, I kept getting more and more frustrated. I started to doubt being ever able to call myself a web developer in the past. If I couldn’t get this basic project to work, how was I going to move on to the next one? At 8:30pm the night before the project was due, I had only four methods that could pass tests. I shut my laptop, realized there was no way I could finish in time, and went to sleep.
I awoke at 3:30am from dreams where I was expertly solving Event Reporter, one passing test at a time, and quickly got out my laptop to try to recreate what was I was programming in my dreams. I cranked out the tests, and slowly started realizing that all of it was gibberish. Dream-state me wasn’t actually expertly solving anything, although it seemed like it. But, I was awake anyway, so I hit the gym at 4am, got through my workout, and decided to come to gSchool early and try again.
I worked through my code for a little while before Katrina showed up (she has some crazy schedule where she goes to bed at 8pm and gets to work at 5am), and helped me back away from the ledge of jumping off of the programmer cliff. She looked at me and said, “Learning is elfin’ hard.” Coming from a molecular biologist, I must have actually believed her, because an hour and half later, after talking through my code and my struggles, I started to feel better about the project (even through I was still nowhere near done).
I’m still not done today, but I have an idea of where I’m going. Talking with Katrina, Jorge, and Franklin during different pieces, and various colorful feelings ranging from rage to anger to depression to self-hate (gosh, I never knew programming could bring out so much in me) really helped me understand that all of us at gSchool are used to being good at things. And a lot of us are struggling — not just with the syntax and the TDD mindset, but also with this ego-crushing feeling of failure.
And then I have to remind myself that today is day 10 of gSchool. And there are still five and a half months to go. Two weeks ago, I had never written a test for one of my programs. I’ve learned a lot in this time — not only about Ruby, but about myself, my classmates, and the human spirit.
Thank you, gSchool, for showing me that learning a new programming language can be one of the most amazing things to teach me about myself.
If you’re interested in the spiderweb of code I’ve been building for this project, you can find my codebase on GitHub. Feel free to let me know what you think, either about the code, or about my journey, or about similar experiences you’ve had in the comments section.