1 pil-176.12 pmw IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT BOMBAY CIVIL APPELLATE JURISDICTION PUBLIC INTEREST LITIGATION NO.176 OF 2012 1. Mr. Rajesh Madhukar Pandit 2. Mr. Nagsen (Nishikant) Murlidhar Pagare 3. Mr. Jagbir Nirmal Singh ... Petitioners Versus 1. The Nashik Municipal Corporation 2. Commissioner, Nashik Municipal Corporation 3. Maharashtra Pollution Control Board 4. 5. Government of India State of Maharashtra 6. Maharashtra Industrial Development Corporation 7. M/s. Indiabulls Realtech Limited 8. Maharashtra State Power Generation Co. Limited ... Respondents ----------------------- Shri Pravartak Pathak, for the Petitioners. Mr. M.L. Patil, for Respondent Nos.1 and 2. Mr. R.B. Raghuvanshi i/by Ms. Rutuja Ambekar, for Respondent No.3. Mr. D.A. Nalawade a/w Ravindra Lokhande, for Respondent No.4. Mr. A.B. Vagyani, Government Pleader, for Respondent No.5. Ms. Shyamali Gadre i/by M/s. Little & Co., for Respondent No.6. Mr. K.G. Desai i/by M/s. Kartikeya & Associates, for Respondent No.7. Mr. Sanjay Jain a/w Ms. Krishna Raja i/by M/s. L.J. Law, for Respondent No.8. CORAM : A.S. OKA & A.S. GADKARI, JJ.
ORDER RESERVED ON : 21st NOVEMBER, 2014
ORDER PRONOUNCED ON : 19th DECEMBER, 2014
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ORDER (Per A.S. Oka, J.):-
. We have heard the learned counsel appearing for the
parties on grant of further interim reliefs in the context of four compliance reports placed on record by the Committee appointed by this Court under the Chairmanship of the Divisional Commissioner as well as in the context of the final report submitted by the National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI). Another related issue canvassed is as regards the progress made in the matter of acquisition of lands for Gangapur STP and Pimpalgaon-Khamb STP. The other aspect on which parties are heard is as regards the action plan of Simhastha Kumbh Mela to be held in Nashik between July, 2015 to August, 2016. Another issue is regarding the allocation of funds for the Kumbh Mela and the release of funds by the Government of India for the purposes of Kumbh Mela. There were some submissions made on the implementation of the interim directions of this Court. The submissions made will have to be appreciated in the light of various earlier orders passed by this Court including a detailed interim order passed on 7th March, 2014.
2. Under clause 18 of order dated 7th March, 2014, a Committee headed by the Divisional Commissioner of Nashik was appointed by this Court for continuous monitoring of the implementation of the interim directions issued by this Court. The 2 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 3 pil-176.12 Committee appointed by this Court was required to submit periodical reports to this Court after every two months as regards the implementation of the directions issued by this Court as well as the implementation of the recommendations of the NEERI. Total four reports have been submitted by the Committee headed by the Divisional Commissioner of Nashik. All the four reports are exhaustive reports recording in detail the actions taken by various public authorities involved including the Nashik Municipal Corporation. We must record our appreciation for the performance of the Committee headed by the Divisional Commissioner. We find that the Committee is efficiently monitoring the implementation of the directions of this Court as well as the recommendations of NEERI. We hope and trust that the Committee continues to do good work in future also. As the Committee is functioning efficiently, it is necessary for the Committee to set up a grievance redressal mechanism to enable the citizens to bring to the notice of the Committee the violations of law in relation to the river Godavari and the breaches of the orders of this Court. This will help the Committee to effectively monitor the entire process. To enable the citizens to understand the scheme adopted by this Court for rejuvenation of river Godavari, we propose to direct the Nashik Municipal Corporation to upload all the reports of NEERI and copies of relevant orders of this Court with its Marathi translation on its website.
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3. For rejuvenation of river Godavari, a very important step is of setting up of Sewage Treatment Plans (STPs). There are two STPs agreed and proposed to be set up by the Nashik Municipal Corporation.
The first one is at Gangapur and the second one is at Pimpalgaon-
Khamb. As regards the STP at Gangapur, in the affidavit of Shri Bhimrao Abhiman Shinde, Deputy Collector (Land Acquisition) No.2, Nashik, it is stated that the notification under Section 6 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 was issued on 28th October, 2014. It is stated that the Award will be declared on or before 31 st December, 2014 subject to Nashik Municipal Corporation depositing the compensation amount. As regards the acquisition of land for setting up STP at Pimpalgaon, the affidavit notes that a declaration under Section 6 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 has been published on 17th September, 2014. It is stated that the Award under Section 11 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 will be finalised and declared on or before 15 th January, 2015. We must note here that the outer limit in case of both acquisitions stated in the affidavit is subject to the Nashik Municipal Corporation depositing the compensation amount. The learned counsel appearing for the Nashik Municipal Corporation states that the requisite amount as demanded by the Deputy Collector (Land Acquisition) No.2, Nashik has been already deposited. He states that there is no issue regarding 4 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 5 pil-176.12 deposit of compensation amount by the Municipal Corporation and needful will be done.
4. We accept the statements made by Shri Bhimrao Abhiman Shinde, the Deputy Collector (Land Acquisition) No.2, Nashik in his affidavit.
5. The State Government will have to hand over the possession of both the acquired lands to Nashik Municipal Corporation as expeditiously as possible to enable the Nashik Municipal Corporation to immediately start the process of construction of STPs. The Nashik Municipal Corporation shall file an affidavit by the end of February, 2015 setting out the possible outer limit within which construction of STPs will be completed and the same will be made functional. The Committee headed by the Divisional Commissioner, Nashik shall monitor the progress of construction of STPs.
6. From July, 2015, the event of Simhastha Kumbh Mela will be held at Nashik and Trimbakeshwar. Traditionally, the Kumbh Mela is held after every 12 years. As per the estimate of the State Government, around 3 lakhs Sadhus and 1 crore devotees will take a holy bath in river Godavari on the second Shahi Snan which is scheduled on 13 th September, 2015 which is one of the important days. First Shahi Snan is scheduled on 29th August 2015. Besides this important day, 37 5 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 6 pil-176.12 auspicious days have been declared during the year long Kumbh Parva on which days lakhs of pilgrims are expected to take a holy bath in river Godavari. By a Government Resolution dated 28 th December, 2012, the Apex Committee headed by the Hon'ble the Chief Minister, a High Power Committee and a District Level Committee have been constituted for the purposes of organisation and management of Simhastha Kumbh Mela. We must record here that there is already an "Action Plan to tackle forthcoming Kumbh Mela" submitted by NEERI in November 2013 incorporating various recommendations. There is already an order passed by this Court directing that recommendations of NEERI (except the recommendation discussed at item no. 6 of the third compliance report of the Divisional Commissioner) shall be implemented. If the recommendations of NEERI in the Action plan are not properly implemented during the Simhastha Kumbha Mela, there is every possibility that the Godavari river will get further polluted thereby defeating all the orders of this Court. While planning the organisation of Simhastha Kumbh Mela, all concerned authorities will have to abide by the directions issued by this Court under various orders passed in this PIL. We direct the State Government to bring to the notice of the Apex Committee, the High Power Committee and the District Level Committee constituted under the Government Resolution dated 28 th December, 2012, the following aspects :-
6 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 7 pil-176.12 A] A comprehensive interim order passed by this Court on 7th March, 2014 and all other relevant orders;
B] Constitution of the Committee headed by the Divisional Commissioner, Nashik for monitoring implementation of the orders of this Court;
C] Recommendations of NEERI report including the Action Plan to tackle forthcoming Kumbh Mela .
7. The Committees constituted under the Government Resolution dated 28th December, 2012 shall consider the aforesaid three aspects and ensure that orders of this Court are not defeated. The Committees shall ensure that the recommendations made by NEERI for preventing and minimizing pollution during the Simhastha Kumbh Mela shall be implemented.
8. To enable all authorities to implement Simhastha Kumbh Mela, the other issue is regarding availability of necessary funds. There is an affidavit filed by Shri Vilas Balaram Patil, the District Collector on 4th July, 2014. The affidavit provides that total funds required for Simhastha Kumbh Mela 2015-16 are to the tune of Rs.237.78 Crores.
The maximum requirement out of the said funds is of the Nashik Municipal Corporation which is to the tune of Rs.1052.61 Crores. The Nashik Municipal Corporation has already issued the work orders for the works to the tune of Rs.669.61 Crores. The issue is regarding availability of funds.
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9. There is a detailed correspondence made by the the State Government with the Government of India requesting the Government of India for release of funds for the Kumbh Mela. There is a letter dated 15th May, 2014 addressed by the then Hon'ble Chief Minister of the State to the Deputy Chairman of the Planning Commission of India requesting for central assistance as the master plan was of Rs.2378.78 Crores. In all the letters addressed on behalf of the State Government, it is pointed out that financial assistance to the tune of Rs.1100 Crores was provided by the Government of India to the Government of Uttar Pradesh for conducting Kumbh Mela at Allahabad in the year 2012-13.
It is pointed out that for the Kumbh Mela of 2003-04 at Nashik, the Government of India had rendered assistance. A request has been made repeatedly by the State Government to the Government of India to provide "untied one time central assistance" to ensure timely completion of activities required for safe, successful and smooth organization of the Kumbh Mela events. We had adjourned this Petition repeatedly to enable the learned Additional Solicitor General of India to take instructions as a grievance made was that the Government of India has not taken any decision for release of one time financial assistance on the request made by the State Government. The learned ASG has tendered a letter dated 19th November, 2014 addressed to him by the Director of (PCMP) of the Planning Commission. The said letter records 8 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 9 pil-176.12 that though organizing Kumbh Mela is a State subject, in view of importance of the event, the Government of India has been seized of the matter and is actively considering the proposal of the State Government. The letter records that urgency in the matter has also been noted, as the event is to be organized by mid year of the next year. It is stated that the Government of India remains committed to some assistance to the State and the decision in that regard will be finalized soon.
10. The Government of India will have to take appropriate decision on the request made by the State Government for release of one time assistance as expeditiously as possible preferably before the end of January, 2015. Availability of adequate funds will be necessary for implementation of the Action Plan of NEERI. We are informed that usual practice is that the State spends the amount and one time assistance is received by way of reimbursement. Therefore, the State will have to ensure the availability of necessary funds notwithstanding the pendency of the proposal befre the Central Government.
11. As regards the Kumbh Mela, we are conscious of the fact that more than a Crore pilgrims may be visiting Nashik and Trimbakeshwar at a given time. There is every possibility that such large 9 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 10 pil-176.12 gathering will adversely affect the efforts to control and curb the pollution of the river Godavari. The Nashik Municipal Corporation and all concerned authorities associated with Simhastha Kumbh Mela will have to ensure that arrangements are made around river Godavari for providing large receptacles at various places for the collection of garbage. Arrangements will have to be made for lifting of garbage from the receptacles at frequent intervals. Similarly, large number of additional Kalash will have to be made available for collection of organic material like Nirmalya. The Nashik Municipal Corporation will have to erect banners, flexes and boards in different parts of the City and near different entry points in the City requesting pilgrims and visitors to take all steps to keep the Godavari clean. The boards shall contain an appeal not to throw garbage and organic material in the river. The boards will also record that efforts are being made to reduce the pollution of river Godavari and to rejuvenate the same under the orders of this Court. An appeal should be made to all concerned to co-
operate for keeping Godavari free of pollution. Such boards shall be in Marathi as well as Hindi languages.
12. As regards recommendations of NEERI, we must hold that the recommendations of NEERI will have to be implemented by all concerned. However, one issue arises as regards implementation of 10 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 11 pil-176.12 recommendations of NEERI. Clause 6 of the third compliance report of the Committee appointed by this Court notes an important action taken/ submission on a particular recommendation of NEERI. The issue is of taking an important step to restrict the inputs of pollution in river stream upto Odha Barrage. The action suggested is that this Court should issue a directive to the Water Resource Department of the State Government to reinstate the condition on the seventh and eighth Respondents to lift the treated effluent directly from the outlets of the respective STPs located in the Nashik City. In fact, the same suggestion has been made by the Superintending Engineer to the Chief Engineer of the concerned Department in the letter dated 9 th October, 2014. The said suggestion is to issue directions to the Nashik Municipal Corporation not to release treated effluent into Godavari river by directing the seventh Respondent to lift the water directly from STP outlet. This step is required to be taken to avoid the pollution of the river Godavari. On this aspect, seventh and eight Respondents will have to be heard.
13. The learned counsel appearing for the Petitioner has pointed out that notwithstanding the directions of this Court, on the occasion of Dussehra, various vehicle owners and drivers took large number of vehicles near the river and used the river water to wash the 11 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 12 pil-176.12 vehicles. He has relied upon the photographs to show that large organic material and Nirmalya was lying on the bank of the river Godavari. He has pointed out that in some areas, barricades have not been erected and that is the reason why the vehicles are able to reach near the river.
14. The learned counsel for the Petitioners pointed out that provisions of Section 24 and Section 43 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 and urged that the Pollution Control Board will have to play a proactive role as cognizance of the offences under the said Act can be taken only on a complaint made by an authorised officer of the Maharashtra Pollution Control Board. He urged that a direction needs to be issued to the Pollution Control Board to take stringent action. He submitted that the relevant penal provisions under the Indian Penal Code as well as Bombay Police Act, 1951 are not sufficiently deterrent. He submitted that even the penal provisions in the Maharashtra Prevention of Defacement of Properties Act, 1995 are not stringent. He submitted that the State Government will have to revisit the said enactments and provide for stringent punishment/penalty.
15. Hence, we issue further interim directions as under :-
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(i) These further interim directions will be in continuation of the earlier directions issued on 7th March, 2014 and all other orders passed by this Court which are operative till today;
(ii) We direct the seventh and eighth Respondents to file affidavits dealing with the issue of lifting the treated effluent directly from the outlets of the STPs located in the Nashik City. The said Respondents are free to incorporate various suggestions for preventing pollution of river Godavari. Even the State Government shall file an affidavit on this aspect. The affidavits shall be filed on or before 9th January, 2015. The Petition shall be listed on 17th January, 2015 under the caption of "Directions" to consider the affidavits;
(iii) We direct the State Government to forthwith bring to the notice of the Apex Committee, the High Power Committee and the District Level Committee constituted under the Government Resolution dated 28th December, 2012, the following aspects :-
A] The comprehensive interim order passed by this Court on 7th March, 2014 and all other relevant orders including this order;
13 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 14 pil-176.12 B] The existence of the Committee headed by the Divisional Commissioner, Nashik for monitoring implementation of the orders of this Court;
C] Recommendations of NEERI in all the reports including the Action Plan to tackle forthcoming Kumbh Mela.
(iv) The Committees constituted under the Government Resolution dated 28th December, 2012 shall consider the aforesaid three aspects and ensure that orders of this Court are not defeated;
(v) We direct that the recommendations of NEERI in all reports including the final report as well as the Action Plan to tackle forthcoming Kumbh Mela shall be implemented by all the concerned save and except the issue which will be considered on the next date;
(vi) We direct the Union of India to take appropriate decision on the proposal submitted by the State Government for release of one-time financial assistance for Simhastha Kumbh Mela to be held at Nashik and Trimbakeshwar during the year 2015-16 as expeditiously as possible and preferably on or before 28th February, 2015;
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(vii) We accept the statements made in the affidavit dated 7th November, 2014 filed by Shri Bhimrao Abhiman Shinde, the Deputy Collector (Land Acquisition) No.2, Nashik as regards the outer limit for completing the acquisition of the lands for setting up STPs at Gangapur and Pimpalgaon-Khamb. The State Government shall endeavour to hand over the possession of both the lands needed for both STPs to the Nashik Municipal Corporation as expeditiously as possible and in any event on or before 15th February, 2015. The Nashik Municipal Corporation shall file an affidavit by the end of February, 2015 setting out the possible outer limit within which construction of STPs will be completed and the same will be made functional. The Committee appointed by this Court shall monitor the construction and commissioning of STPs at Gangapur and Pimpalgaon-Khamb;
(viii) The State Government shall consider of amending the Bombay Police Act and Defacement Act providing for stringent punishments/penalties for various violations;
(ix) The Committee appointed by this Court shall consider the issue of erecting barricades for preventing entries of the 15 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 16 pil-176.12 vehicles near the Godavari river and shall issue appropriate directions to the Nashik Municipal Corporation;
(x) The Nashik Municipal Corporation shall ensure that during the Simhastha Kumbh Mela arrangements are made around the river Godavari for providing large receptacles at various places for the collection of garbage.
Arrangements shall be made for lifting of garbage from the receptacles at frequent intervals. Similarly, adequate number of additional large size Kalash shall be made available for collection of organic material like Nirmalya;
(xi) During Kumbh Mela, the Nashik Municipal Corporation shall display banners, flexes and boards in different parts of the City and near different entry points of the City informing pilgrims and visitors that they are under an obligation to take steps to keep the Godavari clean and free of pollution for maintaining its sanctity . The boards shall contain an appeal not to throw garbage and organic material in the river. The boards will also record that efforts are being made to reduce pollution of river Godavari and to rejuvenate the same under the orders of 16 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 17 pil-176.12 this Court. An appeal shall be made to all concerned to co-operate for keeping river Godavari free of pollution.
 Such boards shall be in Marathi as well as Hindi languages;
(xii) We direct the third Respondent to take prompt steps for filing complaints under Section 49 of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 for violations of the provisions of the said Act in relation to river Godavari. The action taken report in the form of an affidavit shall be filed before the end of February 2015;
(xiii) The Committee constituted under the orders of this Court shall set up a grievance redressal mechanism to enable the citizens to bring to the notice of the Committee the violations of law in relation to the river Godavari and the breaches of the orders of this Court. However no citizen will have right of hearing before the Committee and the Committee is not expected to pass a reasoned order on each complaint. The Committee shall take appropriate steps within a period of one month. The details of the 17 of 18 ::: Downloaded on - 19/12/2014 23:46:48 ::: 18 pil-176.12 redressal mechanism shall be made available on the website of the Nashik Municipal Corporation;
(xiv) We direct the Nashik Municipal Corporation to upload on its website all the NEERI reports as well as copies of relevant orders of this Court as well as Marathi translation of the said orders.
(A.S. GADKARI, J ) (A.S. OKA, J )
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This is a blockchain (Ethereum) based Asset Management application. In order demonstrate the concept it’s been packaged as a fictional vehicle log book app. The vehicle being the asset and the log book being the digital record of ownership and maintenance.
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INSPECTOR GENERAL REVIZOR A film review by Felix Kreisel Copyright 1996 Iskra Research
Montreal 1996 The recently concluded Montreal World Film Festival is one of the better known venues of the cinema world. It attempts to promote a wide range of filmmakers from many countries by requiring as little as possible in promotion expenditures. This year the Festival organizers paid special attention to current Russian films and even gave a special prize in the category of the Russian Cinema of Today. This writer was able to view a number of the more significant films presented at the Festival. Preceding my impressions I have included the official descriptions provided by the Festival organizers.
* * * * * * * * * *
Inspector General Revizor
* * * * * * * Official information * * * * * * *
Director: Sergei Gazarov. Script: Sergei Gazarov, Andrei Dmitriiev. Based on the play "Revizor" by Nikolai Gogol. Photography: Mikhail Agranovich. Editor: Irakly Kvirikadze, Galina Patrikeieva. Music: Alexander Eisenshtadt. Sound: Alexander Khasin, Irzhi Gora. Cast: Nikita Mikhalkov, Oleg Yankovsky, Yevgeny Mironov, Anna Mikhalkova, Marina Neiolova, Zinovy Gerdt, Armen Dzhigarkhanian. Producer: Sergei Gazarov, Nikita & Piotr Film Company, Most Group.
In a small, provincial Russian town in the middle of the 19th century, Ivan Khlestakov, a young rake from St. Petersburg, and his valet Osip stop and put up at the local inn. Khlestakov has lost all his money gambling and has nothing left to pay for travel or accommodations. Still, he demands to be served. As it happens, the local governor had been waiting for a visit by an inspector from the capital and rumors are that the official will be traveling incognito. The local government is thoroughly corrupt and, terrified of being found out, they imagine that it is Khlestakov who has come to conduct the inspection. The governor invites the young man to his house and gives a luxurious reception in his honor. At first a bit embarrassed by all the attention, Khlestakov soon warms to the role. He gladly accepts the extravagant hospitality as well as all the bribes, not to mention opportunities to flirt with the governor's wife and daughter. The deception is eventually uncovered but this only adds to the mortification and embarrassment of the governor and his cronies. (The famous satire by Gogol had its premiere in 1836 and has been revived in numerous productions around the world, including a 1949 film adaptation directed by Henry Koster and starring Danny Kaye).
* * * * * ) Iskra Research; by F. Kreisel * * * * *
This movie, despite its cast of brilliant actors in every role, is a coarse and vulgar debasement of the biting social satire written by Nikolai Gogol one and a half centuries ago. Gazarov eschews appealing to the viewers' intelligence and turns every scene into a lightweight farce. Gazarov added a large number of farcical scenes and strokes to Gogol's script. The roles of Bobchinsky and Dobchinsky have been combined and this Bobchinsky-Dobchinsky has been told to act the part of a lunatic with a split personality, always accompanied by his alter ego Dobchinsky-Bobchinsky. While Gogol wanted to satirize the interchangeability of the petty landlords, their lack of uniqueness, Gazarov just goes for the physical laughs. There is much stumbling and falling throughout the movie, especially in the scene of the first encounter between the governor, played by Mikhalkov, and Khlestakov, played by Mironov. There is a ridiculous scene of duck shooting from the window of the hospital in which Khlestakov shoots a couple of ducks, then a fish. This scene is worthy of The Three Stooges. The scene of the town gentry meeting with Khlestakov at the governor's house was turned into a vaudeville number: the governor's wife whistles, his daughter plays the harp, Khlestakov sings and dances, everyone else stumbles, jumps and applauds. The discussion between Khlestakov and the hospital administrator about the ill "getting healthy like flies" is emphasized and expanded. Where Gogol wanted to show the callousness of the tsarist administrators for the public, Gazarov does not see this point of view at all. Average people do seem to be flies to him, "expensive medicine or medical treatment is not needed, if they are fated to die, they will die". On the other hand, the final scene of the movie has been designed to evoke sympathy for the governor, to somehow make him out to be an innocent victim. There was an hour long press conference with the director, Gazarov and the two leading actors, Mikhalkov and Mironov. The first question quite obviously referred to the lack of social satire in the movie, although the journalist went out of her way to compliment the director by finding some parallels (invisible to the rest of us) between the tsarist bureaucracy portrayed in the movie and the Soviet or post-Soviet regime. In response, Gazarov took the bit between his teeth and vehemently declared: "There is in principle nothing political and social here, this is a pure comedy I took all the politics out". The audience was taken aback at this outburst since normally the directors and actors try to do just the opposite and impute some deeper meaning to their work. But questions of official corruption and theft of state assets obviously strike a nerve in present day Russia, and Mikhalkov and Gazarov see their job as deflecting any such discussion. Mikhalkov went at length about art being pretense, developing the idea that "both the director and the actors must fool the viewer". The idea of Art being Truth is these days taken for an obvious truism, so Mikhalkov's and Gazarov's rationalization of misleading and desensitizing the public comes as a shock when expressed so directly and unequivocally. The Montreal audience of journalists and movie goers included, however, a large number of celebrity hounds and middle class yahoos. Mikhalkov skillfully played up to their mood of uncritical adulation and acceptance of status quo. When one hostile critic asked about Mikhalkov's own fake political campaign (Mikhalkov supported Chernomyrdin during the parliamentary elections), Mikhalkov refused to discuss politics. Instead he claimed that since this movie needed special sets and costumes, it required a special kind of civic courage to stage, that the director (and by implication, Mikhalkov also) were heroes for staging it. Not a single journalist present pointed out that such "courage" was quite commonplace, since most of the movies presented at the Festival were historical costume films (Baryshnia, Return of the Battleship, Road to the End Of the World, etc.). At times it seemed that both the critics and these hack director and actors were united by a common goal: to distract the viewing public from any discussion of contemporary problems of the Russian society, to leave hidden the destruction of popular culture taking place in the former Soviet Union and the regime's responsibility for this catastrophe. Sixty years ago Trotsky noted that the cultural efforts of totalitarian Stalinism "in the last analysis came down to taking care that art assimilates its (the Stalinist bureaucracy) interests, and finds such forms for them as will make the bureaucracy attractive to the popular masses". With Trotsky we exclaim: In vain ! No literature can fulfill that task. No movie director's tricks can make Khlestakov attractive to the Russian people. -- Iskra Research -- Historical research and publication of Marxist classics in the Russian language. Address: PO Box 397142, Cambridge, MA 02139-7142; e-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>http://www.mit.edu:8001/people/fjk/iskra.html
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American History X (1998)
Directed by Tony Kaye Starring Edward Norton, Edward Furlong, Beverly D'Angelo, Avery Brooks, Stacy Keach, Fairuza Balk, Jennifer Lien, Elliott Gould, Guy Torry, Ethan Suplee
This harsh, beautifully crafted film is actually upsetting to watch, it is so intense. Edward Norton is at his finest, in a performance that earned him an Oscar nomination. It's quite simply the best movie I've seen in years.
Though it is the story of one man's redemption, it is hardly optimistic. Derek Vinyard (Norton) is just released from prison; a reformed neo-Nazi skinhead, he tries to stop his high school age brother Danny (Furlong) from following in his footsteps. To try to undo some of the damage he has done.
Derek's story is told in extensive flashbacks, his transformation from a studious middle class ‘good kid' to a racist ringleader. Traumatized by the shooting death of his firefighter father, which Derek is convinced was racially motivated, he turns his rage into ideology. What's truly frightening about Derek is that he's bright and articulate. He's not just another thug. The goons and losers in the Venice Beach fascist cell idolize him.
Neo-Nazi scum is made, not born. Poisoned by the killing of the father he idolized (who, it turns out, was prejudiced and not far from being a racist himself), pressured by the family's reduced circumstances in a deteriorating, crime-ridden neighborhood, Derek embraces an ideology of hate. He's helped down that road by the local mini-Hitler (played with slimy abandon by Stacy Keach). But people are not merely products of their environment. Derek's sister Davina (Jennifer Lien) lives in the same pressure-cooker household and has inherited the same violent temper; the difference is she refuses to transform her rage into an ideology.
As for young Danny, he's a kid who'd follow his big brother over a cliff. His essential sweetness and innocence stand in shocking contrast to his shaved head and white-supremacist tattooing.
The performances in this film are outstanding.  Avery Brooks, as mentor to the reformed Derek, projects an unshakable dignity and uncompromising morality. Beverly D'Angelo is the sickly and exhausted mother who should have given up but cannot.
In a movie that includes brutal murders and prison rape, the most harrowing scene is a flashback to a dinner table discussion. The conversation turns to the case of Rodney King; included are Danny (still a skinhead) and his mother's boyfriend, a liberal Jewish teacher (Gould). Civilized discussion inevitably degenerates into argument and epithets. When Davina does not knuckle under to his chauvinistic verbal bullying, Derek resorts to physical bullying. Worked up into a fury, he throws the guest out of the house, shouting anti-Semitic insults; Davina returns and goes at him with a baseball bat. It's an ugly, horrible scene, acted with great intensity and conviction.
Shot largely in luminous, silvery black and white, the film's aesthetic beauty almost seems to mock the pain of its characters. As do the sunny Southern California locations. A city park basketball game, whites versus blacks, is presented as high irony; an epic battle fought for the basest of motives. Director Tony Kaye had his troubles on this project (he was eventually removed by the studio in the editing stage) but he sure knows his way around a camera.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Let's do it together
For some years now, stakeholders in the Oyo State education sector have
continued to lament the free fall of the system such that the state has become
a laughing stock among states not only in the South- west Region but the
country as a whole. source:ThisDay Newspaper "State of Education in Oyo State"


Controllers
Page Content
Defining Controllers
A controller is an object whose properties are functions. These functions will be called by the OpenAPI Enforcer Middleware according to the x-controller
and x-operation
attributes you specify in your OpenAPI document. When these functions are called, they will receive the request, response, and next function as parameters.
You can define your controller objects one of two ways:
As an
object
.As a
function
that returns an object.
Controller via an Object
Define the object, naming the properties the same as those listed as the x-operation
properties in your OpenAPI document.
module.exports = {
addPerson: async function (req, res, next) {
await savePersonToDatabase(req.body)
res.sendStatus(201)
},
getPerson: async function (req, res, next) {
const person = await getPersonById(req.params.personId)
if (person) {
res.send(person)
} else {
res.sendStatus(404)
}
}
}
Controller via a Function
When creating a controller via a function, the function must return an object that looks like a controller object. The advantage of this method is that it allows for dependency injection.
module.exports = function () {
return {
addPerson: async function (req, res, next) {
await savePersonToDatabase(req.body)
res.sendStatus(201)
},
getPerson: async function (req, res, next) {
const person = await getPersonById(req.params.personId)
if (person) {
res.send(person)
} else {
res.sendStatus(404)
}
}
}
}
Dependency Injection
Dependency injection is when you pass dependencies (database connections, data, functionality, etc.) into a function so that it can use the dependencies to accomplish its task.
For example, if you have a controller that requires a connection to the database to operate, you may want to pass that dependency in. This improves the testability of your code.
Accomplishing dependency injection with the OpenAPI Enforcer middleware is a two step process:
Define a controller via a function and add parameters to the function signature:
module.exports = function (databaseConnection, someData) { const controller = {} controller.addPerson = async function (req, res, next) { const { id, name } = req.body const rows = await databaseConnection.query('INSERT INTO people (id, name) VALUES ($1, $2)', [ id, name ]) res.send(rows) } return controller }
When telling the OpenAPI Enforcer Middleware where to find the controller, also specify the parameters to pass in:
const EnforcerMiddleware = require('openapi-enforcer-middleware') const express = require('express') const app = express() const enforcer = EnforcerMiddleware('/path/to/openapi-definition.yml') const databaseConnection = getDatabaseConnection() const someData = { ... } // pass in dependencies enforcer.controllers('/path/to/controllers-dir', databaseConnection, someData) app.use(enforcer.middleware()) app.listen(3000)
Referencing Controllers
You know how to define a controller. Here we cover how you can set up the OpenAPI Enforcer middleware can call it.
Controllers in Files
Placing each unique controller in its own file is the recommended method. It simplifies code and makes it easily testable.
Choose a directory where you'll put your controller files.
Create files with the same names as the
x-controller
property in your OpenAPI document.For example, you will need a file named
people.js
if you have an OpenAPI document with anx-controller
set topeople
paths: /people: get: x-controller: people x-operation: getList ...
Export your controller object or function from each file, defining the properties that match the operations.
people.js
exports.getList = async function (req, res, next) { const list = await getAllPeople() res.send(list) }
Inline Controllers
Inline controllers are defined as an object whose properties are the x-controller
names and its values are a controller object. Below is a section of an OpenAPI document and a section of how you would set up your server to use inline controllers.
OpenAPI Document
paths:
/people/{id}:
get:
x-controller: people
x-operation: getPerson
...
Server File
// Create a controllers map
const controllersMap = {
people: { // associates to x-controller: people
// associates to x-operation: getPerson
getPerson: async function (req, res, next) {
const person = await getPersonById(req.params.id)
if (person) {
res.send(person)
} else {
res.sendStatus(404)
}
}
}
}
// Add controllers
enforcer.controllers(controllersMap)
.catch(console.error)
// Add the enforcer middleware runner to the express app.
app.use(enforcer.middleware())


A₁A₂Bb x A₁A₂Bb
AABBCC...NN x aabbcc...nn
AaBbCc...Nn x AaBbCc...Nn
| n | T | ||
| h | R | ||
| d | D | ||
| r |
n = d + h + r; n = D + R
n = total number of loci
h = number of heterozygous loci
d = number of homozygous loci
r = number of homozygous recessive loci
D = number of loci with dominant phenotype
R = number of loci with recessive phenotype
T = number of individuals obtained in the offspring of the polyhybrid
Results
| Different gametes = | |
| Different genotypes = | |
| Homozygous genotypes = | |
| Heterozygous genotypes = |
Genotypes
| $${n! \over d! \cdot h! \cdot r!} =$$ | |
| $$(\frac{1}{4})^d \cdot (\frac{1}{2})^h \cdot (\frac{1}{4})^r =$$ | |
| Frequency = | |
| Total = |
Phenotypes
| $${n! \over D! \cdot R!} =$$ | |
| $$(\frac{3}{4})^D \cdot (\frac{1}{4})^R =$$ | |
| Frequency = | |
| Total = |


 This is not negotiable.
- Sexist, heteronormative, racist, and other offensive remarks are not allowed. (Cursing is allowed, but never targeting another user, and never in a hateful or sexually explicit manner.)
- Remarks that make any of the ops go “Hm, that’s inappropriate”, whether on the above list or not: also not allowed.
- You get a warning.
- If the warning is not taken seriously, you might get a second sterner warning in PM, if you’re lucky, and the op is feeling generous, and this is the first time. But don’t count on that.
- If the warning is unheeded, you get kicked.
- If you come back and continue to make trouble, you get banned.
- If you contact the offended party, and are truly apologetic, and it was the first offense, and the op who banned you feels it’s appropriate, then you may get un-banned.
- If an op bans you, I’m definitely not going to unban you unless they agree it’s a good idea.
- If an op bans someone, and you think it was unjustified, take it up with that op, or with a different op, in private. Griping about bans in-channel is not tolerated, and will result in more bans.
- Ops are expected to be paragons of virtue. If an op creates an inappropriate situation, they should expect much less leeway than standard users.
- Your free speech is not our problem. We recognize that this policy is a restrictive political stance. That is the intent. If you want a room with different rules, go create one.
In the majority of cases, this is fine, and never requires anyone to be banned. Most so-called trolls are immature boys (sometimes actual children, and sometimes just childish) who just need a grownup to tell them “no” from time to time, perhaps with a light wrist-slap. A /kick
and a 2-minute ban to cool down is usually enough, if the warning didn’t do it.
However, persistent trolling ruins communities. No good can come of tolerating it. In the node community, we are not afraid of losing a few kids who can’t manage to behave in a grown-up manner. We’re more concerned with losing the people that those kids chase away.
This policy does not depend on anyone’s agreement. Your sexist remarks in our IRC channel is not protected speech. The D in BDFL does not stand for “Democracy”. Complaining about the ban will not get you unbanned.
A similar policy exists in slightly modified form for NodeConf, the node mailing list, and so on. It works.
I have been in a lot of online communities over the last 20 years. I have never seen a community fall apart due to excessive banning of trolls, but almost all of them have fallen apart due to excessive trolling. I’d strongly encourage any online community to adopt a similar policy.
This policy and the accompanying justification is released under a CC-By license. In other words, you can use any or all of it for your project or community free of charge, with or without changes, for any commercial or non-commercial purpose, provided that you link back to this post.
I have chosen a very liberal license because I want people in the world to be nice to each other, and I believe that part of the way to get there is for more communities to have reasonably low tolerance for bad behavior.
edit A prior version of this used the word “gentlemanly”, contrasting the distinctively boyish nature of most IRC trolling. In my view, behaving in a “gentlemanly” manner means that one is respectful, despite being male and in the company of strangers; a definite challenge for many. For various reasons, virtually every IRC troll in online communities is male.
However, the term has connotations for many people implying a specific sort of politely dismissive and condescendingly sexist attitude; others felt that this colored the entire post in a gendered manner that made the underlying message less clear.
That isn’t my intent, so I changed the term for clarity.
2014-03-17 - Added rules 9 and 10.
2014-10-02 - Changed “heterosexist” to “heteronormative”. Added rule 11.


Intro
Built by Moustache { Web development with added Tache }
Web development, code optimization, styleguides, developer guides, best practices.
Atomic design evangelist.
Web development, code optimization, styleguides, developer guides, best practices.
Atomic design evangelist.
I have been building websites for so long now that I remember a time before stylesheets when everything was done using tables. Disgusting I know!  I like clean web sites with beautiful typography and functional layouts.
Simple atomic design to make front end development faster and more efficient. This sets standards for all design and development and irons out the differences between a flat PSD/Sketch file and final HTML renders.
I work with a number of content management systems from AEM through to Wordpress. I am also very efficient with responsive design practices. I can advise on how to make your site look good on all devices.
Keeping code clean is the bane of the developers world. Following tried and tested rules I can optimize not only your sites speed, but also development.
I had worked with VirginMedia for several years and over that time contributed on a number of projects. Being part of a wider team that introduced a series of standards that all departments adhered to. This allowed all developers to table any new technology that we all supported, meaning we had less code conflicts. I worked as a technical lead and pushed for open standards to be followed. I also worked as part of a larger working group of lead developers who pushed for a single set of coding standards.
I was also tasked with creating an online style guide for developers and designers to work from, this was known as the OMG (online media guide). It was based on Atomic Design principles. It consisted of a series of design patterns for designers to follow and a code lab for developers. This allowed to cover any inconsistencies between design and development.
Over the years I had worked with a number of different technologies including what is listed below as well as Teamsite, Angular 1, .Net.
This was a very interesting Microsite for Blind Pig Cider. Lots of custom plugins and a lot of formatting and cleaning of the base SCSS files resulted in a very nice clean site. I created some very basic
Front End Developer role on contract.
Personal site
I worked as part of a team of 5 developers for Matter of Form
Over the years I have worked for a number of companies. The above are just some examples of work I am most pleased with.
Matter of Form, Merchant Cantos, Golly Slater, CMW


The dataContainer and property attributes are used to connect the checkbox to an entity attribute. The dataContainer contains an entity instance; property specifies an attribute to edit.
dataContainer
property


Your task in this exercise is to find out an assignment of the boolean variables that makes the expression true or declare that no such assignment exists.
Assign the variables appropriately to satisfy the expression.
Click on the variable once to assign it true , twice to assign it false and thrice to reset.
[threeSAT_KA.getSolution()]


Beijing Hotpot Restaurant
--Data Analysis, Visualization, Recommendation
Result of Clustering(click the dots in the map, then compare two restaurant)
Example of Recommendation(put the mouse on any dot or grouped bar chart)


RVS_BTDriver_iOS_Test_Harness_NavigationController
class RVS_BTDriver_iOS_Test_Harness_NavigationController : UINavigationController
extension RVS_BTDriver_iOS_Test_Harness_NavigationController: RVS_BTDriverDelegate
The navigation controller is used to maintain the driver instance.
I know that I should define another class to do that, to be buzzword-compliant, but otherwise, this class would be empty, and there’s no sense wasting the namespace.
-
This is the instance of our driver class.
Declaration
Swift
internal var driverInstance: RVS_BTDriver! { get set }
-
These represent the persistent state.
Declaration
Swift
let prefs: RVS_BTDriver_Test_Harness_Prefs
-
This establishes the driver instance, wiping out any old one.
Declaration
Swift
func setUpDriver()
-
Displays the given message and title in an alert with an “OK” button.
Declaration
Swift
func displayAlert(_ inTitle: String, message inMessage: String, presentedBy inPresentingViewController: UIViewController! = nil)
Parameters
inTitle
a string to be displayed as the title of the alert. It is localized by this method.
message
a string to be displayed as the message of the alert. It is localized by this method.
presentedBy
An optional UIViewController object that is acting as the presenter context for the alert. If nil, we use the top controller of the Navigation stack.
-
Simple error reporting method.
Declaration
Swift
func btDriver(_ inDriver: RVS_BTDriver, encounteredThisError inError: RVS_BTDriver.Errors)
Parameters
inDriver
The
RVS_BTDriver
instance that encountered the error.encounteredThisError
The error that was encountered.
-
Called when a device has been added and instantiated.
This is optional, and is NOT guaranteed to be called in the main thread.
Declaration
Swift
func btDriver(_ inDriver: RVS_BTDriver, newDeviceAdded inDevice: RVS_BTDriver_DeviceProtocol)
Parameters
inDriver
The
RVS_BTDriver
instance calling this.newDeviceAdded
The device object, masked as a protocol.
-
Called to indicate that the driver’s status should be checked.
It may be called frequently, and there may not be any changes. This is mereley a “make you aware of the POSSIBILITY of a change” call.
This is optional, and is NOT guaranteed to be called in the main thread.
Declaration
Swift
func btDriverStatusUpdate(_ inDriver: RVS_BTDriver)
Parameters
driver
The
RVS_BTDriver
instance calling this. -
Called to indicate that the driver started or stopped scanning.
This is optional, and is NOT guaranteed to be called in the main thread.
Declaration
Swift
func btDriverScanningChanged(_ inDriver: RVS_BTDriver, isScanning inIsScanning: Bool)
Parameters
inDriver
The
RVS_BTDriver
instance calling this.isScanning
True, if the new state is scanning is on.


documentation
python
descrptive data
definitions
demographic
device
task
summary
methods
methods
group characteristics
single subject (
calibration
,
validation
,
trial
)
kernel density estimate
correlation matrix
model
dwell time
onset error (
stimulus
,
dotloc
)
bias (
gaze bias
,
dotprobe bias
)


My Name is Riheel, i am located in St. Louis, Missouri, i've been in IT industry for over 10 years with extensive experience in operations with certified qualifications in server, network, currently in web development journy in washington university bootcamp as part of my career transation from Opreation side towards development and cloud technologies.
HTML - CSS - Javascript - NodeJS - Materialize - Bootstrap - Web Design - API
AWS - EC2 - S3 - CloudWatch - CloudFormation - Terraform
Windows Servers - Linux - PowerShell - Ansible - Rundeck - Jenkins - Grafana - Kibana


--- layout: year-nav lastModIsToday: true changeFreq: daily priority: 0.9 title: Dancer ranking (2 vs 2) --- {% assign ranking = rankings.dancer2vs2 %}
This ranking takes into account all battles over the past year that meet the following requirements: 2 vs 2, pro or open level, 15+ or no age restriction, and no female-only battles. The points are calculated per dancer. The ranking is updated daily.
{% include dancer-ranking-table with ranking %}


Equity Share
Equity Name :
Face Value :
Present profit per share :
Allowed Liability
Issuer :
Number of Share :


Web Sites of Other Family
Trees
(Links to family trees on other web sites)
- Bare family of Bares Landing, which
eventually became Hannibal, Ohio
- Billiter Family Tree
- Bolen Home Page and Family Tree
- Denbow
Lineage Newsletters
- Dillon Family Tree A Monroe County, Ohio Family-line
- Dillon Family
Tree 1 believed to be a Tennessee
line of Dillons
- Dillon Family Tree 2 believed to be a Tennessee line
of Dillons
- Downing, Janet and Michael Downing Family
- Gramlich Family tree on
Ancestry.com
- Harmon Family of Monroe County
- This is a mature site of the Harmon line in Monroe County.
- Henthorn Website of Richard Henthorn
- Kehrer Home page and Family Tree -- The Kehrer family
is not a Monroe County line but the site is an excellent source of
information for Monroe County families with ancestors originating from the
Saxony, Germany region.
- Kindelberger Family of Monroe
County and Germany.
- Lorentz Family Click name go to Lorentz Family Tree
Maker web site
- Lorentz Family - Click name go to Lorentz RootsWeb web
site
- Mahusky Home page
and Family Tree
- Mellott Home page
and family tree
- Mobley,
Mobberly, Moberly Home page, photos, etc
of the Mobberly line
- Morris Family
- Mozenas Family
- Nalley
Family Tree
- Piatt and related family
lines
- Price Family of
Monroe County
- The Price Family site has lots of surnames relating to Jackson, Lee, Ohio,
and Green Twps
- Richard Clark Home Page and Family Tree
- Seabolt Home Page and Family Tree
- Winland,
Nalley, Turner, Bott, Norris, Baker and other family lines
Click here for the Short-Cut Table
of Contents


Section 1 Reading
In this section, we learn how to read data from different file format.
1.1 CSV
Reading csv with column headers and separated by ,
. These parameters are also the default values for the read.csv
function.
1.2 Excel
The main advantage of Excel files is that they can store multiple tables. But reading these tables at once is different from a CSV. For this example, we’re going to use the readxl
package from the tidyverse
collection. Please visit this [website] (https://www.tidyverse.org/) to learn more about tidyverse
.
To read an excel file, you can use the read_excel
function and specify at least the path/to/the/file
and sheet
you want to open. If you don’t specify the sheet
, read_excel
will automatically open the first table in the spreadsheet.
In the ‘eds.excel.sample.xlsx’ file, there are 2 tables: heatwave and hurricane. Here’s how we load both tables into R:
library(readxl)
heatwave <- read_excel(path='data/excel-sample.xlsx', sheet = 'heatwave')
hurricane <- read_excel(path='data/excel-sample.xlsx', sheet = 'hurricane')
Once the tables are stored into individual R variable, you can perform exploration and analysis with them.
1.3 Google Spreadsheets
If the data is stored in a Google spreadsheet, we can read it using the googledrive
and googlesheet4
packages. We use the googledrive
package to log into our Google Drive account and googlesheets4
to read the speadsheets in our drive.
In the example below, I used a spreadsheet named eds.sample.googlesheets
which contains the same tables in the previous Excel example (heatwave and hurricane). You can clone the spreadsheet via this [link] (https://drive.google.com/open?id=1uIsgrcsevbm9voZU-rzqhTg2LE5SgEPlGabSXKTcQtc if you’d like to repeat the steps below using your Google account.
Then authenticate to your drive using drive_auth()
. When prompted: log in, authorized googledrive, and use the authorization code if provided. You only need to run drive_auth()
once.
The following scripts show how to explore a Google Drive folder. Though this is not recommended as you might encounter performance issues.
# NOT recommended
# Then, to view the list of files in a folder
drive_ls("EDS") # where "EDS" is the folder name
# To also get the files within the subfolders
drive_ls("EDS", recursive = TRUE)
# To view the list of spreadsheets within a folder
drive_ls("EDS", type="spreadsheet")
Also, because of Google authentification system, you may run into an error like below when running the previous code (using drive_ls()
). Which is why it’s not recommended.
#> Error in add_id_path(nodes, root_id = root_id, leaf = leaf) : !anyDuplicated(nodes$id) is not TRUE
To avoid this, you can use the folder url instead of the folder name. The folder url can be obtained by right-clicking on the folder and click Get shareable link
. Then run the following code:
# If using folder name doesn't work
folder_url = 'https://drive.google.com/open?id=1e0uJ9dwFcL34JA61F0tGSoaiMZ_xio_4'
drive_ls(folder_url, type="spreadsheet")
Then you can load the spreadsheet by using its id
It also possible to read the spreadsheet right way by using its link/path (without using drive_ls()
). I recommend using this to read any Google Drive files.
eds.sample.spreadsheet <- drive_get(path = 'https://drive.google.com/open?id=1uIsgrcsevbm9voZU-rzqhTg2LE5SgEPlGabSXKTcQtc')
Once the spreadsheet is loaded, we run a similar code used for the Excel files to read tables within the spreadsheet. But for Google Sheets, function is called read_sheet
1.4 SPSS
By default, the read_sav()
will read the factor levels of non-numeric and non-character variables. If, instead, we want the labels, we can run the following code:
library(magrittr)
library(dplyr)
# Applying haven::as_factor() to labelled columns Here, we already know that
# variables Zone, Q4 and Q50 are not factor variables.
data %>% mutate_at(vars(-Zone, -Q4, -Q50), as_factor)
## # A tibble: 1,130 x 9
## Zone Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q10 Q50 Q51 Q59
## <chr> <dbl> <fct> <fct> <fct> <fct> <dbl> <fct> <fct>
## 1 A 2 3 0 Moderately Pr… No 1928 Male $70,000-$99…
## 2 A 1 4 0 Moderately Pr… No 1962 Male <NA>
## 3 A 3 4 0 Moderately Pr… No 1931 Fema… Over $200,0…
## 4 A 3 6 1 Fully Prepared No 1950 Male $100,000-$1…
## 5 A 2 Not Worried … 0 Very Prepared No 1948 Male $100,000-$1…
## 6 A 5 4 0 Very Prepared No 1938 Fema… <NA>
## 7 A 3 6 1 Moderately Pr… No 1977 Fema… <NA>
## 8 A 5 4 0 Moderately Pr… No 1964 Fema… <NA>
## 9 A 1 3 0 Moderately Pr… No 1976 Male $40,000-$69…
## 10 A 2 6 0 Very Prepared No 1964 Fema… Over $200,0…
## # … with 1,120 more rows
Because variables can be labelled in SPSS, we can use them as well to find out what each column represents.
# To get the labels of the variables / columns
as.vector(unlist(lapply(data, function(x) attributes(x)$label)))
## [1] "Q4. Since the beginning of 2009, how many hurricanes and tropical storms, if any, hit your city or town on or near the Connecticut coast while you were at home; that is, not out of town?"
## [2] "Q5. Generally speaking, when a hurricane or tropical storm is approaching your city or town, how worried do you feel? Please answer using the following scale ranging from 1 (not at all worried) to 7 (extremely worried)."
## [3] "Q6. Since the beginning of 2009, how many times, if ever, did you leave your home for someplace safer to avoid a hurricane or tropical storm; that is, how many times did you evacuate? Please enter the number in the boxes below."
## [4] "Q7. Generally speaking, how prepared were you for the storm(s) you experienced?"
## [5] "Q10. Before Superstorm Sandy hit your area, did you leave your home to go someplace safer; that is, did you evacuate?"
## [6] "Q50. In what year were you born?"
## [7] "Q51. Are you...?"
## [8] "Q59. Last year (in 2013), what was your total HOUSEHOLD income from all sources?"
To learn more about the haven
package and how the variables are stored, please visit: https://haven.tidyverse.org/


| Opcode/Instruction | Op/En | 64/32 bit Mode Support | CPUID Feature Flag | Description |
| 0F F5 /r1 PMADDWD mm, mm/m64 | RM | V/V | MMX | Multiply the packed words in mm by the packed words in mm/m64, add adjacent doubleword results, and store in mm. |
| 66 0F F5 /r PMADDWD xmm1, xmm2/m128 | RM | V/V | SSE2 | Multiply the packed word integers in xmm1 by the packed word integers in xmm2/m128, add adjacent doubleword results, and store in xmm1. |
| VEX.NDS.128.66.0F.WIG F5 /r VPMADDWD xmm1, xmm2, xmm3/m128 | RVM | V/V | AVX | Multiply the packed word integers in xmm2 by the packed word integers in xmm3/m128, add adjacent doubleword results, and store in xmm1. |
| VEX.NDS.256.66.0F.WIG F5 /r VPMADDWD ymm1, ymm2, ymm3/m256 | RVM | V/V | AVX2 | Multiply the packed word integers in ymm2 by the packed word integers in ymm3/m256, add adjacent doubleword results, and store in ymm1. |
Notes: 1. See note in Section 2.4, “Instruction Exception Specification” in the Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 2A and Section 22.25.3, “Exception Conditions of Legacy SIMD Instructions Operating on MMX Registers” in the Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures Software Developer’s Manual, Volume 3A.
| Op/En | Operand 1 | Operand 2 | Operand 3 | Operand 4 |
| RM | ModRM:reg (r, w) | ModRM:r/m (r) | NA | NA |
| RVM | ModRM:reg (w) | VEX.vvvv (r) | ModRM:r/m (r) | NA |
Multiplies the individual signed words of the destination operand (first operand) by the corresponding signed words of the source operand (second operand), producing temporary signed, doubleword results. The adjacent doubleword results are then summed and stored in the destination operand. For example, the corresponding low-order words (15-0) and (31-16) in the source and destination operands are multiplied by one another and the doubleword results are added together and stored in the low doubleword of the destination register (31-0). The same operation is performed on the other pairs of adjacent words. (Figure 4-7 shows this operation when using 64-bit operands).
The (V)PMADDWD instruction wraps around only in one situation: when the 2 pairs of words being operated on in a group are all 8000H. In this case, the result wraps around to 80000000H.
In 64-bit mode, using a REX prefix in the form of REX.R permits this instruction to access additional registers (XMM8-XMM15). Legacy SSE version: The first source and destination operands are MMX registers. The second source operand is an MMX register or a 64-bit memory location.
128-bit Legacy SSE version: The first source and destination operands are XMM registers. The second source operand is an XMM register or a 128-bit memory location. Bits (VLMAX-1:128) of the corresponding YMM destination register remain unchanged. VEX.128 encoded version: The first source and destination operands are XMM registers. The second source operand is an XMM register or a 128-bit memory location. Bits (VLMAX-1:128) of the destination YMM register are zeroed.
VEX.256 encoded version: The second source operand can be an YMM register or a 256-bit memory location. The first source and destination operands are YMM registers.
Note: VEX.L must be 0, otherwise the instruction will #UD.
| SRC | X3 | X2 | X1 | X0 |
| DEST | Y3 X2 ∗ Y2 | Y2 | Y1 X1 ∗ Y1 | Y0 X0 ∗ Y0 |
DEST
| (X3∗Y3) + (X2∗Y2) | (X1∗Y1) + (X0∗Y0) |
| PMADDWD Execution Model Using 64-bit Operands | Figure 4-7. |
PMADDWD (with 64-bit operands) DEST[31:0] ← (DEST[15:0] ∗ SRC[15:0]) + (DEST[31:16] ∗ SRC[31:16]); DEST[63:32] ← (DEST[47:32] ∗ SRC[47:32]) + (DEST[63:48] ∗ SRC[63:48]); PMADDWD (with 128-bit operands) DEST[31:0] ← (DEST[15:0] ∗ SRC[15:0]) + (DEST[31:16] ∗ SRC[31:16]); DEST[63:32] ← (DEST[47:32] ∗ SRC[47:32]) + (DEST[63:48] ∗ SRC[63:48]); DEST[95:64] ← (DEST[79:64] ∗ SRC[79:64]) + (DEST[95:80] ∗ SRC[95:80]); DEST[127:96] ← (DEST[111:96] ∗ SRC[111:96]) + (DEST[127:112] ∗ SRC[127:112]); VPMADDWD (VEX.128 encoded version) DEST[31:0] ← (SRC1[15:0] * SRC2[15:0]) + (SRC1[31:16] * SRC2[31:16]) DEST[63:32] ← (SRC1[47:32] * SRC2[47:32]) + (SRC1[63:48] * SRC2[63:48]) DEST[95:64] ← (SRC1[79:64] * SRC2[79:64]) + (SRC1[95:80] * SRC2[95:80]) DEST[127:96] ← (SRC1[111:96] * SRC2[111:96]) + (SRC1[127:112] * SRC2[127:112]) DEST[VLMAX-1:128] ← 0 VPMADDWD (VEX.256 encoded version) DEST[31:0] ← (SRC1[15:0] * SRC2[15:0]) + (SRC1[31:16] * SRC2[31:16]) DEST[63:32] ← (SRC1[47:32] * SRC2[47:32]) + (SRC1[63:48] * SRC2[63:48]) DEST[95:64] ← (SRC1[79:64] * SRC2[79:64]) + (SRC1[95:80] * SRC2[95:80]) DEST[127:96] ← (SRC1[111:96] * SRC2[111:96]) + (SRC1[127:112] * SRC2[127:112]) DEST[159:128] ← (SRC1[143:128] * SRC2[143:128]) + (SRC1[159:144] * SRC2[159:144]) DEST[191:160] ← (SRC1[175:160] * SRC2[175:160]) + (SRC1[191:176] * SRC2[191:176]) DEST[223:192] ← (SRC1[207:192] * SRC2[207:192]) + (SRC1[223:208] * SRC2[223:208]) DEST[255:224] ← (SRC1[239:224] * SRC2[239:224]) + (SRC1[255:240] * SRC2[255:240])
| PMADDWD: | __m64 _mm_madd_pi16(__m64 m1, __m64 m2) |
| (V)PMADDWD: | __m128i _mm_madd_epi16 ( __m128i a, __m128i b) |
| VPMADDWD: | __m256i _mm256_madd_epi16 ( __m256i a, __m256i b) |
None.
None.
See Exceptions Type 4; additionally
| #UD | If VEX.L = 1. |


This example shows the client-side events supported by Telerik Upload for ASP.NET MVC.
You can attach an event handler using either of these options:
-
Specifiy the JavaScript event handler name:
Html.Telerik().Upload()
.Name("attachments")
.ClientEvents(events => events
.OnLoad("onLoad")
)
-
Declare the event handler inline (WebForms syntax):
<%= Html.Telerik().Upload()
.Name("attachments")
.ClientEvents(events => events
.OnLoad(() =>
{
%>
function(e) {
// Perform required actions here.
}
<%
}
)
%>
-
Declare the event handler inline (Razor syntax):
@(Html.Telerik().Upload()
.Name("attachments")
.ClientEvents(events => events
.OnLoad(
@<text>
function(e) {
// Perform required actions here.
}
</text>)
)
)
The upload has the following events:
-
OnLoad - raised when the component is initialized
-
OnSelect - raised when one or more files are selected (cancelable)
-
OnUpload - raised when one or more files are about to be uploaded (cancellable)
-
OnSuccess - raised when an upload / remove operation has been completed successfully
-
OnError - raised when an upload / remove operation has failed
-
OnComplete - raised when all active uploads have completed either successfully or with errors
-
OnCancel - raised when the upload has been cancelled while in progress
-
OnRemove - raised when an uploaded file is about to be removed (cancellable)


| Property starting with A |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
AddPartHour
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
AddPartHour
|
|
|
|
|
|
AddPartHourQuantity
|
|
|
Number
|
|
AddPartHourQuantity
|
|
|
|
|
|
AddPartHourType
|
|
|
String
|
|
AddPartHourType
|
|
|
|
|
|
AgreementDocument
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
AgreementDocument
|
|
|
|
|
|
AgreementSet
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
AgreementSet
|
|
|
|
|
|
AgreementType
|
|
|
String
|
|
AgreementType
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with C |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
CostCenter
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
CostCenter
|
|
|
|
|
|
CostCenterCode
|
|
|
String
|
|
CostCenterCode
|
|
|
|
|
|
CostUnitCode
|
|
|
String
|
|
CostUnitCode
|
|
|
|
|
|
Created
|
|
|
Date
|
|
Created
|
|
|
|
|
|
Creator
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Creator
|
|
|
|
|
|
CreatorFullName
|
|
|
String
|
|
CreatorFullName
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with D |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
Description
|
|
|
String
|
|
Description
|
|
|
|
|
|
DiscountAmount
|
|
|
Number
|
|
DiscountAmount
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with E |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
EGPriceList
|
|
|
String
|
|
EGPriceList
|
|
|
|
|
|
EndDate
|
|
|
Date
|
|
EndDate
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with I |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
ID
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
ID
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invoice
|
|
|
Boolean
|
|
Invoice
|
|
|
|
|
|
InvoiceDate
|
|
|
Date
|
|
InvoiceDate
|
|
|
|
|
|
InvoiceFrequency
|
|
|
String
|
|
InvoiceFrequency
|
|
|
|
|
|
IsChangedAgreementDocument
|
|
|
Boolean
|
|
IsChangedAgreementDocument
|
|
|
|
|
|
IsChangedAgreementSet
|
|
|
Number
|
|
IsChangedAgreementSet
|
|
|
|
|
|
IsChangedAgreementType
|
|
|
Boolean
|
|
IsChangedAgreementType
|
|
|
|
|
|
IsPercentage
|
|
|
Number
|
|
IsPercentage
|
|
|
|
|
|
IsPMTypeChanged
|
|
|
Boolean
|
|
IsPMTypeChanged
|
|
|
|
|
|
IsSaved
|
|
|
Boolean
|
|
IsSaved
|
|
|
|
|
|
Item
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
Item
|
|
|
|
|
|
ItemQuantity
|
|
|
Number
|
|
ItemQuantity
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with L |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
LineDiscount
|
|
|
Number
|
|
LineDiscount
|
|
|
|
|
|
LineOrder
|
|
|
Number
|
|
LineOrder
|
|
|
|
|
|
LongDescription
|
|
|
String
|
|
LongDescription
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with M |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
MaintenanceType
|
|
|
Number
|
|
MaintenanceType
|
|
|
|
|
|
Modified
|
|
|
Date
|
|
Modified
|
|
|
|
|
|
Modifier
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Modifier
|
|
|
|
|
|
ModifierFullName
|
|
|
String
|
|
ModifierFullName
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with P |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
ParentForTemplate
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
ParentForTemplate
|
|
|
|
|
|
PartsHoursAssortment
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
PartsHoursAssortment
|
|
|
|
|
|
PartsHoursGroup
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
PartsHoursGroup
|
|
|
|
|
|
PartsHoursIncluding
|
|
|
Boolean
|
|
PartsHoursIncluding
|
|
|
|
|
|
PartsHoursPercentage
|
Discount
|
Discount
|
Number
|
|
PartsHoursPercentage
|
|
|
|
|
|
PartsHoursSelection
|
|
|
String
|
|
PartsHoursSelection
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMContract
|
|
|
String
|
|
PMContract
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMDuration
|
|
|
Number
|
|
PMDuration
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMStartNextRequest
|
|
|
String
|
|
PMStartNextRequest
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMStartTime
|
|
|
Date
|
|
PMStartTime
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMTime
|
|
|
Boolean
|
|
PMTime
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMTimeInterval
|
|
|
Number
|
|
PMTimeInterval
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMTimeUnits
|
|
|
String
|
|
PMTimeUnits
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMType
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
PMType
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMUsage
|
|
|
Boolean
|
|
PMUsage
|
|
|
|
|
|
PMUsageInterval
|
|
|
Number
|
|
PMUsageInterval
|
|
|
|
|
|
PrepaidAmount
|
|
|
Number
|
|
PrepaidAmount
|
|
|
|
|
|
PrepaidQuantity
|
|
|
Number
|
|
PrepaidQuantity
|
|
|
|
|
|
PrepaidSet
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
PrepaidSet
|
|
|
|
|
|
Prepaidtype
|
|
|
String
|
|
Prepaidtype
|
|
|
|
|
|
Pricelist
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
Pricelist
|
|
|
|
|
|
ProlongationType
|
|
|
String
|
|
ProlongationType
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with R |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
RateDiscount
|
|
|
Number
|
|
RateDiscount
|
|
|
|
|
|
Responsetime
|
|
|
Number
|
|
Responsetime
|
|
|
|
|
|
ResponsetimeID
|
|
|
GUID
|
|
ResponsetimeID
|
|
|
|
|
|
Responsetimeunit
|
|
|
String
|
|
Responsetimeunit
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with S |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
ShortDescription
|
|
|
String
|
|
ShortDescription
|
|
|
|
|
|
StartDate
|
|
|
Date
|
|
StartDate
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with V |
| Name |
Caption |
Description |
Type |
Mandatory |
Name (known in REST) |
Available since release |
Introduced by which team |
Introduced for which project |
Additional remarks |
|
VatCode
|
|
|
Number
|
|
VatCode
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with A |
| Name |
Source name |
Type |
Mandatory |
Length |
Scale |
Default value |
Lower range |
Upper range |
Allowed characters |
Auto increment |
Numeric string |
Right aligned |
Unsigned |
Upper case |
Zero equals null |
Zero fill |
Selection values |
|
AddPartHour
|
AddPartHour
|
GUID
|
|
16
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AddPartHourQuantity
|
AddPartHourQuantity
|
Number
|
|
10
|
2
|
1
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AddPartHourType
|
AddPartHourType
|
String
|
|
1
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Exact.Repository.ERSelectionValue |
|
|
AgreementDocument
|
AgreementDocument
|
GUID
|
|
16
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AgreementSet
|
AgreementSet
|
GUID
|
|
16
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
AgreementType
|
AgreementType
|
String
|
|
1
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Exact.Repository.ERSelectionValue |
|
| Property starting with C |
| Name |
Source name |
Type |
Mandatory |
Length |
Scale |
Default value |
Lower range |
Upper range |
Allowed characters |
Auto increment |
Numeric string |
Right aligned |
Unsigned |
Upper case |
Zero equals null |
Zero fill |
Selection values |
|
CostCenter
|
CostCenter
|
GUID
|
|
16
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CostCenterCode
|
CostCenterCode
|
String
|
|
8
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CostUnitCode
|
CostUnitCode
|
String
|
|
8
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Created
|
Created
|
Date
|
|
0
|
0
|
NOW
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Creator
|
Creator
|
Number
|
|
10
|
0
|
HUMRESID
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
CreatorFullName
|
CreatorFullName
|
String
|
|
64
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with D |
| Name |
Source name |
Type |
Mandatory |
Length |
Scale |
Default value |
Lower range |
Upper range |
Allowed characters |
Auto increment |
Numeric string |
Right aligned |
Unsigned |
Upper case |
Zero equals null |
Zero fill |
Selection values |
|
Description
|
Description
|
String
|
|
60
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
DiscountAmount
|
DiscountAmount
|
Number
|
|
12
|
4
|
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with E |
| Name |
Source name |
Type |
Mandatory |
Length |
Scale |
Default value |
Lower range |
Upper range |
Allowed characters |
Auto increment |
Numeric string |
Right aligned |
Unsigned |
Upper case |
Zero equals null |
Zero fill |
Selection values |
|
EGPriceList
|
EGPriceList
|
String
|
|
30
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
EndDate
|
EndDate
|
Date
|
|
8
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Property starting with I |
| Name |
Source name |
Type |
Mandatory |
Length |
Scale |
Default value |
Lower range |
Upper range |
Allowed characters |
Auto increment |
Numeric string |
Right aligned |
Unsigned |
Upper case |
Zero equals null |
Zero fill |
Selection values |
|
ID
|
ID
|
GUID
|
|
16
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Invoice
|
Invoice
|
Boolean
|
|
1
|
0
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Exact.Repository.ERSelectionValue |
|
|
InvoiceDate
|
InvoiceDate
|
Date
|
|
8
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
InvoiceFrequency
|
InvoiceFrequency
|
String
|
|
1
|
0
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Exact.Repository.ERSelectionValue |
|
|
IsChangedAgreementDocument
|
IsChangedAgreementDocument
|
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SELECT Code=DatabaseChar,Description,TermID FROM DDTests WHERE TableName= 'SMSAgreementSetLines' AND FieldName = 'MaintenanceType' ORDER BY SeqNr
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Introduction¶
The progress of science is based on valuable research. While reading the research paper you naturally trust the researchers that the presented results are true and that you can build your research upon them. Recent reports show, however, that scientists are not able to reproduce a large amount of published research. In this section we introduce you to the concept of reproducibility in research, reasons of reproducibility crisis, and motivations to lead reproducible research. Finally, we present you three steps that might improve reproducibility in your research.
Reproducibility in science¶
The goal of scientific research is to build reliable knowledge. Thus, individual research should be transparent and well documented so other scientists can verify or reproduce its findings.
Reproducibility stands for “obtaining consistent results using the same input data, computational steps, methods, and code, and conditions of analysis”. It is also important to distinguish reproducibility from replicability that stands for “obtaining consistent results across studies aimed at answering the same scientific question, each of which has obtained its own data” (NAS, 2018). In contrast, the term robustness of research means that you can obtain consistent results using the same data but different analyses. Finally, generalizability of research means that you can obtain consistent results using different data and analysis.
This image was created by Scriberia for The Turing Way community and is used under a CC-BY licence. The image was obtained from https://zenodo.org/record/3332808.
Reproducibility crisis¶
Intuitively, the published research results should be reliable and trustworthy. Recent alarming reports showed that it is difficult to reproduce or replicate results in various medical, life and behavioural sciences (Open Science Collaboration, 2015). According to Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy, evidence suggesting that we face reproducibility crisis include:
absence of replication studies in the published literature in many scientific fields (e.g., Makel et al., 2012),
failure to reproduce results of published studies in large systematic replication projects (Begley & Ellis, 2012),
evidence of publication bias (Fanelli, 2010),
a high prevalence of “questionable research practices”, which inflate the rate of false positives in the literature (Simmons et al., 2011; John et al., 2012; Fraser et al. 2018), and
the documented lack of transparency and completeness in the reporting of methods, data and analysis in scientific publication (Bakker & Wicherts, 2011).
Reasons of reproducibility crisis¶
Motivations for reproducible research¶
If scientists study phenomena that are ubiquitous in the world, there should be no contraindications for the research and the articles published on their basis to be available to everyone. That is why reproducible science encourages researchers to:
create open access platforms, tools and services for researchers and students to make data suitable for re-analysis,
share the process of creating knowledge (real science is not only about published articles, but also the steps behind the creation of an article),
promote science available to everyone interested (thanks to open repositories).
For many scientists who already have a lot of experience and established patterns, it is certainly not easy to start new practices of using specific platforms (improving the entire research process, but only after we learn how to use them). This guide aims to introduce resources to help you create reproducible neuroimaging research. Reproducible research brings many benefits to the entire research community. Nowadays, open research practices are becoming more popular in the academic community, as evidenced by the results of metastudy (Mckiernan et al. 2016), which show that open access articles are cited more frequently.
Open research aims to transform research by making it more reproducible, transparent, reusable, collaborative, accountable and accessible to society. Reproducibility forces changes in the way research is conducted and disseminated using digital tools in the form of open science - the practice of publishing “primary results of publicly funded research - publications and research data.
Three steps to more reproducible research¶
The goal of this handbook is to guide you through essential research practices that will increase reproducibility in your neuroimaging research. For simplicity, we divided this material into 3 steps: (1) share your research plan, (2) organize and share your data, and (3) organize and share your code.
Step 1: Share your research plan
Here we guide you on what you should know before starting collecting your data and/or performing a new data analysis. We introduce you to concepts of pre-registration and pre-registered reports.
Step 2: Organize and share your data
Here we help you to set up your data management plan, structure and name your project files, and share your data in open repositories. We introduce you to Brain Imaging Data Structure (BIDS) formatting and controlling versions of your data with DataLad.
Step 3: Organize and share your code
Here we explain how to create a reproducible data analysis workflow. We introduce you to concepts of version control (Git/GitHub), containers (Docker), and good practices for coding and documenting your analysis.


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Biblical Plague in Pakistan? Karachi on Lockdown as Swarm of Desert Locusts Invades the City
New Delhi (Sputnik): Pakistan’s department of plant protection under the Ministry of National Food Security and Research said the desert locust activity is part of the creature's migration from summer-monsoon breeding grounds towards coastal areas of Balochistan and does not pose any risk to the food supply.
The capital of the Pakistani province of Sindh, Karachi, was attacked by a swarm of desert locusts flying in from Balochistan’s coastal areas on Monday.
 According to an expert, heavy rains in Sindh and Balochistan during monsoon forced locusts to move away from the coastal areas.
An official at the Plant Protection Department Muhammad Tariq Khan said the insects, generally found in deserts, are not harmful.
Khan explained that the desert locust's preferred habitat is in desert areas. Sandy soil with moisture and vegetation are required for their oviposition and breeding.
He added that the department was monitoring the situation closely and that desert locust control teams were prepared to overcome any risks the species might pose as per technical guidelines.
The Sindh government has also issued instructions for preventive measures in the city.
Reportedly, this is the second biggest attack on the port city since 1961, and experts believe that the invasion is due to recent climatic changes.
This is the third major invasion this year; the first two in September stayed in the planes of Sindh and Balochistan and destroyed the crops there.
Karachi residents were quick to react with videos of concern and fear over the epidemic.


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Southwestern Prelude No. 1 is a mathematically informed solo piano work written after a long walk on the farthest southwestern beach in the United States. The piece makes use of the composer's primal-circular substitutions system, a chord substitution method rooted in algebraic and combinatorial procedures on neo-Riemannian transformations. The harmonic materials treated by the system were sourced from J.S. Bach's Prelude in C Major, and the targets were determined by the M=3 and M=4 systems in primal-circular substitutions, with musical intuition resolving any ambiguities. The work reflects the feeling of episodic yet subconsciously continuous experiences in the sensorily rich yet partially inhibited conditions of heavy fog on the coast.


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