ControlFlowMixin¶
-
class
support.control_flow.
ControlFlowMixin
¶ Bases:
object
Mixin class for controlling when and until when functions are called. Examples assume this class has been mixed into some child class:
MixedIn(ControlFlowMixin): pass mixed_in = MixedIn()
-
tz
¶ timezone. Defaults to UTC
- Type
pytz.timezone
Attributes Summary
Methods Summary
at
(when)Created a _DelayedCall instance that will run or loop at a specified time.
next_up
()Return an empty _DelayedCall instance.
now
()- returns
timezone aware datetime object
until
([cond])Run some generator until some condition, or list of conditions is met.
Attributes Documentation
-
tz
= <UTC>¶
Methods Documentation
-
at
(when)¶ Created a _DelayedCall instance that will run or loop at a specified time.
Examples:
def runner(): yield for e in mixed_in.at( MixedIn.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)).run(runner): yield e
- Parameters
when (datetime.datetime) – timezone aware datetime object indicating when to _DelayedCall methods.
- Returns
_DelayedCall
-
next_up
()¶ Return an empty _DelayedCall instance.
-
classmethod
now
()¶ - Returns
timezone aware datetime object
- Return type
datetime.datetime
-
until
(cond=None)¶ Run some generator until some condition, or list of conditions is met.
Examples:
Say we have some function
runner
defined as follows:def runner(): print("runner called") yield
We can use until in a variety of ways:
import datetime import random # run until runner is complete, or for next 5 seconds, # which ever comes first for e in mixed_in.until( MixedIn.now() + datetime.timedelta(seconds=5)).run(runner): yield e # run until the following function evaluates to True def condition_factory(): def condition(): rand = random.random() if rand > 0.5: return True return False return condition for e in mixed_in.until(condition_factory()).run(runner): yield e # we can pass a list of conditions if we want: for e in mixed_in.until( [condition_factory(), condition_factory()]).run(runner): yield e
- Parameters
cond (list/callable/datetime.datetime) – List of callables that return booleans, a single boolean-returning callable, or a datetime.datetime object. If the latter is passed, the resulting _DelayedCall object will run, loop, or wait until the specified time.
- Returns
_DelayedCall
-


HTML, CSS and JavaScript feature support across top browsers:
bit.ly/caniuse-stuff
View the console to see logging.
The RTCPeerConnection
objects localConnection
and remoteConnection
are in global scope, so you can inspect them in the console as well.
Code in this example used by kind permission of Vikas Marwaha.
For more information about PeerConnection, see Getting Started With WebRTC.
View source on GitHub


8 HEADS IN A DUFFEL BAG A film review by Walter Frith Copyright 1997 Walter Frith
Comments on this review may also be sent via email to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Joe Pesci won the Academy Award as Best Supporting Actor in 1990 for his no holds barred portrayal of a mobster with a sense of humour in 'Goodfellas'.
Pesci plays a New Jersey mobster whose job requires him to deliver the heads of eight men murdered by the organization he works for to a crime boss in San Diego. Pesci transports them in a duffel bag aboard a commercial airline and encounters a medical student (Andy Comeau in a very impressive film debut) on his spring break who has an identical bag. Naturally, the bags get switched at luggage pick up in San Diego and the rest you can figure out for yourself. Comeau meets his girlfriend (Kristy Swanson) at the airport and she introduces him to her parents (George Hamilton and Dyan Cannon) and the four of them leave for a vacation in Mexico.
Your enjoyment of '8 Heads in a Duffel Bag' will depend on how strong your tolerance to black comedy is as the film leaves no stone unturned in its pursuit of laughs and delivers on many levels. There are plot holes in the script by writer/director Tom Schulman (Oscar winner for Best Original Screenplay in 1989 for 'Dead Poet's Society') but they are covered up by good pacing and a frenzied climax. The film borders on extreme silliness from time to time but contains all the right tempo and build up to a satisfying and hilarious conclusion.
Surprisingly, Pesci, as good as he is, takes a back seat in this film as Comeau is the film's protagonist and David Spade from SNL and the two disasters 'Tommy Boy' and 'Black Sheep' and who stars as Comeau's college room mate who gets caught up in the insane antics of this story, provides some great one liners. Spade steals the show from Pesci in many scenes. One classic scene is worth the price of admission alone as Pesci has a nightmare about the heads doing a little musical number. Is '8 Heads in a Duffel Bag' bizarre? Of course. Original? Definitely. Worth seeing? Yes but don't blink or this film may cause you laughing pains you won't be able to get rid of anytime soon.
OUT OF 5> * * * 1/2
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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AUD/USD bears in control on dovish and bearish biases, targetting key Fibo level
by Ross J Burland- AUD/USD fails to garner demand on the back of less pessimistic trade war headlines.
- RBA sentiment remains dovish in the markets.
- AUD/USD slides towards a critical Fib target area.
AUD/USD is currently trading at 0.6787 and oscillates between a range of 0.6785 and 0.6814 on the day so far. Trade wars and the RBA are the main themes, while from a technical standpoint, AUD/USD has been respecting the descending 200-hour moving average's resistance and is trading back down below the 21-hour moving average, en-route to test a key Fibonacci retracement level.
RBA themes
From a fundamental point of view, the Reserve Bank of Australia's dovish stance is factored into the price and, "markets are pricing a 25% chance of easing at the December RBA meeting, and a terminal rate of 0.46% (RBA cash rate currently at 0.75%)," according to analysts at Westpac.
A growth rebound is likely a long way off and considering the latest RBA minutes where a November cut was actively discussed. If global/domestic economic developments nor geopolitical events December don't force the hand of the RBA, then another rate cut at the RBA’s next forecast update in February 2020 could be on the cards – "The Board noted the long and variable lags in the effects of monetary policy and wanted to wait for a full assessment. In our view, this points to another rate cut at the RBA’s next forecast update in February 2020," analysts at ANZ Bank argued.
US-China themes
AUD/USD trades as a proxy to what goes down in 'China Town'. Meaning, AUD is closely correlated to events related to Chinese economic and political events and headlines. Currently, the market's main focus is on the Sino/US trade war.
On Thursday, there was a mild risk-on tone to markets due to positive US-China headlines stemming from both a Wall Street Journal (WSJ) article and the South China Morning Post (SCMP) reporting on the mater – The WSJ stated that China’s top trade negotiator invited his US counterparts to a new round of face-to-face talks. The SCMP wrote that the "US may be willing to delay the 15 December tariffs if an agreement is not reached by then," but, as analysts at ANZ Bank argued, "it’s fair to say that some signs of trade-headline fatigue are emerging in markets." Overall, neither of these articles were sufficient enough to prevent equities nor the Aussie from sliding.
AUD/USD levels
AUD/USD remains capped below the 200-hour moving average's resistance and slid back below the 21-hour moving average. Bears are currently en-route to test a key Fibonacci retracement level.
AUD/USD
| Overview | |
|---|---|
| Today last price | 0.6787 |
| Today Daily Change | -0.0011 |
| Today Daily Change % | -0.16 |
| Today daily open | 0.6798 |
| Trends | |
|---|---|
| Daily SMA20 | 0.6852 |
| Daily SMA50 | 0.6814 |
| Daily SMA100 | 0.6836 |
| Daily SMA200 | 0.6935 |
| Levels | |
|---|---|
| Previous Daily High | 0.6832 |
| Previous Daily Low | 0.6789 |
| Previous Weekly High | 0.6866 |
| Previous Weekly Low | 0.6769 |
| Previous Monthly High | 0.693 |
| Previous Monthly Low | 0.667 |
| Daily Fibonacci 38.2% | 0.6805 |
| Daily Fibonacci 61.8% | 0.6816 |
| Daily Pivot Point S1 | 0.6781 |
| Daily Pivot Point S2 | 0.6763 |
| Daily Pivot Point S3 | 0.6738 |
| Daily Pivot Point R1 | 0.6824 |
| Daily Pivot Point R2 | 0.6849 |
| Daily Pivot Point R3 | 0.6867 |


What is Rails? Probably most Ruby beginner will have this question when they first learned Ruby. What is the relationship between Ruby and Rails? Let me give you a very brief introduction about Rails.
Ruby on Rails, or simply Rails, is an open source web application framework written in Ruby. Rails is a full-stack framework that emphasizes the use of well-known software engineering patterns and paradigms, including convention over configuration (CoC), don't repeat yourself (DRY), the active record pattern, and model–view–controller (MVC).
Like many web frameworks, Ruby on Rails uses the model–view–controller (MVC) pattern to organize application programming.
In a default configuration, a model in the Ruby on Rails framework maps to a table in a database, and a Ruby file. For example, a model class User will usually be defined in the file user.rb in the app/models directory, and is linked to the table users in the database. Developers can choose any model name, file name or database table name. But this is not common practice and usually discouraged according to the "convention over configuration" philosophy.
A controller is a component of Rails that responds to external requests from the web server to the application by determining which view file to render. The controller may also have to query one or more models directly for information and pass these on to the view. A controller may provide one or more actions. In Ruby on Rails, an action is typically a basic unit that describes how to respond to a specific external web-browser request. Also note that the controller/action will be accessible for external web requests only if a corresponding route is mapped to it. Rails encourages developers to use RESTful routes, which include actions such as: create, new, edit, update, destroy, show, and index. These mappings of incoming requests/routes to controller actions can be easily set up in the routes configuration file.
Rails running on Matz's Ruby Interpreter (the de facto reference interpreter for Ruby) had been criticized for issues with scalability.These critics often mentioned various Twitter outages in 2007 and 2008, which spurred Twitter's partial transition to Scala (which runs on the Java Virtual Machine) for their queueing system and other middleware.[42][43] The user interface aspects of the site continued to run Ruby on Rails until 2011 when it was replaced due to concerns over performance
So, I hope now you have some basic understand about what Rails is, and how is it interact with Ruby. I hope you will learn Rails soon!


Welcome to Leo's garage!
Add a new vehicle here. Please note number plates must be unique.
Type:
Colour:
Number Plate:
Age:
Select a number plate below:
Details of car:
Remove selected here:
Calculate the bill for selected vehicle here:
Add a fault here by number plate:


'Half-Life: Alyx': Valve releases gameplay trailer for VR prequel
by Wade SheridanNov. 21 (UPI) -- Valve released on Thursday a gameplay trailer for Half-Life: Alyx, a new virtual reality title that takes place between the events of the renowned Half-Life and Half-Life 2.
The clip features Alyx Vance exploring and fighting off Combine forces inside City 17 which has been occupied by the invading aliens.
Half-Life: Alyx will explore how Alyx and her father Dr. Eli Vance form a resistance movement against The Combine.
Valve, the company behind Steam, says that the title is a full-length game that was built from the ground up for VR. Players will be able to lean around walls, rummage through shelves to find ammo and hack into alien interfaces.
The game uses SteamVR and is compatible with PC-based VR headsets including the Valve Index, Oculus Rift, HTC Vive and Windows Mixed Reality. Owners of the Valve Index headset will get Half-Life Alyx for free.
The original Half-Life was released in 1998 with Half-Life 2 arriving in 2004. Two expansions were released with the last one, Episode 2, coming in 2007.
Half-Life 2: Episode 2 ended on a cliffhanger ending with fans wanting a conclusion to the series ever since.
(0) Leave a comment
upi.com/6961124
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Inspired by Vincent Arel-Bundock’s well-known countrycode
, we created regioncode
to achieve similar functions specifically for China studies. regioncode
enables seamlessly converting regions’ formal names, common-used names, and administrative division codes between each other.
regioncode
?The Chinese government gives unique geocodes for each county, city (prefecture), and provincial-level administrative unit. The so-called “administrative division codes” were consistently adjusted to matched national and regional plans of development. Geocode adjustments disturb researchers when they merge data with different versions of geocodes or region names. Especially, when researchers render statistical data on Chinese map, different geocodes between map data and statistical data may cause mess-up data output or visualization.
The package is developed to conquer such difficulties to match regional data across years more conveniently and correctly. In the current version, regioncode
enables seamlessly converting formal names, common-used names, and division codes of Chinese prefecture regions(named ‘地级市’ in Chinese) between each other and across thirty-four years from 1986 to 2019.
To install:
install.packages("regioncode")
.remotes::install_github("sammo3182/regioncode")
.The toy data was created based on a chunk from Yuhua Wang’s China’s Corruption Investigations Dataset
. The data includes information on almost 20,000 officials who were investigated during Xi Jinping’s anti-corruption campaign. We randomly drew an eighteen-line sample. The division codes in the original data were based on the 2019 version. We kept the variables of prefectural names and division codes. We added a column of to short names of the prefectures to further illustrate how the software works.
In regioncode
package, we named administrative division codes as code
, regions’ formal names as name
, and their commonly used short names as sname
. The current version enable to convert any pair of them mutually:
regioncoce
function accept numeric and character vectors as the input division codes and region names respectively. To achieve an accurate conversion, users have to specify the year of the source data correctly in the argument year_from
. Then they can set the year they want the output is. That’s it. See the following example to convert the 2019-version codes to the 1999 version:
In some cases, the original data may only have division codes or region names, but users needs the other form or both formats of data. In such cases, regioncode
offers a function to convert division codes from any year to region names in any year. Users only need to alter the converting method, for example, to “code2name” in order to convert division codes to region names.
regioncode(data_input = corruption$prefecture_id,
year_from = 2019,
year_to = 1999,
method = "code2name")
Similarly, one can get the code from names, or in a less-often case get the names in a different year from the names from a given year. Users need to change the method
argument to “name2code” or “name2name” to achieve these conversions.
regioncode
provides two advanced functions to achieve more complicated conversions. One of the occasions occurs when the data source includes only common-used short names of the cities instead of the full, official ones. regioncode
can still accomplish the conversion in this case when the users specify the incompleteName
to “from”. (regioncode
can also produce short names from inputs of full or short names and division code. See the Details of the help file for more information.)
# Full, official names
corruption$prefecture
# Incomplete names
corruption$prefecture_sname
# Converting
regioncode(data_input = corruption$prefecture_sname,
year_from = 2019,
year_to = 1999,
method = "name2code",
incompleteName = "from")
Another advanced application involves in the case when the municipalities directly under the central government (“zhixiashi” in Chinese Pinyin). This is common for national survey data. regioncode
can fit this case with no problem as long as the user sets the argument zhixiashi
as TRUE.
# In the sample data, the division code of municipalities were coded as NA. Filling the codes of municipalities with their provinces' codes.
code_zhixiashi <- c("110000", "120000", "310000", "400000")
corruption <- corruption %>%
mutate(prefecture_id = ifelse(province_id %in% code_zhixiashi, province_id, prefecture_id))
# Converting
regioncode(data_input = corruption$prefecture_id,
year_from = 2019,
year_to = 1999,
zhixiashi = TRUE)
regioncode
rovides a convenient way to convert Chinese administrative division codes, official names, and common-used short names between each other. This vignette offers a quick view of package features and a short tutorial for users.
The development of the package is ongoing. Future versions aim to add more administrative level choice, from province level to county level. Data are also enriching. Please contact us with any questions, bug reports, and comments.
Dr. Yue Hu
Department of Political Science,
Tsinghua University,
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Website: https://sammo3182.github.io
Yufei Sun
Department of Political Science,
Tsinghua University,
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Wenquan Wu
Department of Political Science,
Tsinghua University,
Email: wuwq20@mails.tsinghua.edu.cn


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感谢贵公司平日来对我公司的支持与帮助!
Greatly Appreciate Your Help and Support Throughout the Time!
本公司因业务需要拟向贵公司订购下列项目/物品.
Because this company the service needs to plan to your firm to order the following project/goods .


Sitting around bored, I checked online to study into anything new to look into as far as drugs go. With herbal smoke products now banned, it was time to look at what wasn't banned (and I've no links for weed anymore). After browsing for a bit and deciding that I'd make a go of what I had that night, I went downstairs to look for Nutmeg. While I was soon pissed off to find that mum had thrown out the nutmeg I'd bought, another 5 minutes browsing led me to an interesting notion - Common Sage.
We had plenty dried, and while the few reports online I found weren't too positive as potency goes, I was willing to have a go. I chose not to smoke it, opting instead to just chew the dried leaves, hearing that Sage smokes a lot, and not wanting to arouse suspicion. It tasted of - well, Sage. Didn't mind it, although as I chewed quite a lot to release whatever might be inside, it ended up being rather bitter. I couldn't stomach the last 2g due to a dry throat and chose to down it with water.
I wasn't expecting anything, so it was to my great surprise that, climbing the stairs, I suddenly felt a rush of energy which subsided after 5 or so seconds. Interesting. I entered the bathroom, stared at myself in the mirror and smiled. It was working. Entering my room, I felt a mild sedation, similar to the pre-wave on smoking incense before the JWH-018 kicks in. It was not particularly clear, but I certainly felt at peace, while remaining alert at the same time.
Lying on my bed, I sat as I often do when using smoking blends - reducing movement to a minimum in anticipation of any effects. Certainly, without movement the sedation increased, myself entering an almost medatative mindset. I thought of my friendships, goals in life and potential song lyrics. I was at peace.
After 20 or so minutes, I thought of going to bed, and closed my eyes. And wow. While there were no visuals, I could FEEL myself. I felt as if I was going to hit a deep, deep sleep - but after a minute or so, the wave of energy from the stairs returned. It was awesome, like riding the crest of an energy wave. However, it wasn't handy for the sake of getting to sleep. It returned many times, with increasing intensity, and I began to fear ego death - which I had experienced once before when I had O.D'd on Bombay Blue unexpectedly. On a planned trip, I hope to one day explore it, but for now it was unwelcome and unintended.
I paced my room for 5 minutes, feeling the effects gradually subside to the mild sedation previously experienced. It came as a relief, and a drink of water finally reduced the effects to a point of normality. I retired to bed, rather tired from the trip, and slept a good 9 hours.
In Conclusion:
Sage is real. Being in the Salvia genus, I'm not surprised, but what does surprise me is that a basic herb can cause similar effects to a low-end herbal blend. I have in the past fooled myself into believing placebo effects, especially during my ineffective attempts with Morning Glory, and I can assure you all that it was real. I will be exploring this herb a lot, as it is readily available and doses seem simple - 5g dried makes for a decent ride in my case. In particular I intend to see if the reverse-tolerance of Salvia is present here.
It was a relaxing floaty evening, but not a good sleep aid.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


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CoinExtended
public struct CoinExtended : Equatable, CodableModel, CoinType
-
Coin id, eg. btc-bitcoin
Declaration
Swift
public let id: String
-
Coin name, eg. Bitcoin
Declaration
Swift
public let name: String
-
Coin symbol, eg. BTC
Declaration
Swift
public let symbol: String
-
Coin position in Coinpaprika ranking
Declaration
Swift
public let rank: Int
-
Is it recently added to Coinpaprika
Declaration
Swift
public let isNew: Bool
-
Is it active on Coinpaprika
Declaration
Swift
public let isActive: Bool
-
Declaration
Swift
public let parent: ParentCoin?
-
Declaration
Swift
public let tags: [Tag]?
-
Declaration
Swift
public typealias Tag = SearchResults.Tag
-
Declaration
Swift
public let team: [Person]?
-
Coin.Person model
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public struct Person : Codable, Equatable
-
Declaration
Swift
public let description: String?
-
Coin moderation message
Declaration
Swift
public let message: String?
-
Is it Open Source project?
Declaration
Swift
public let openSource: Bool
-
Project start date
Declaration
Swift
public let startedAt: Date?
-
Project development status, eg. Beta version
Declaration
Swift
public let developmentStatus: String?
-
Does it have a hardware wallet?
Declaration
Swift
public let hardwareWallet: Bool
-
Coin Proof of Type, eg. Proof of stake
Declaration
Swift
public let proofType: String?
-
Project organisation stucture, eg. Semi-centralized
Declaration
Swift
public let orgStructure: String?
-
Coin hash algorithm, eg. SHA256
Declaration
Swift
public let hashAlgorithm: String?
-
Project links
Declaration
Swift
public let links: [Link]
-
Coin Whitepaper
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public struct Whitepaper : Codable, Equatable
-
Coin whitepaper
Declaration
Swift
public let whitepaper: Whitepaper
-
Coin type, eg. .coin, .token
Declaration
Swift
public var type: Coin.TypeValue { get }
-
First ticker data
Declaration
Swift
public let firstDataAt: Date?
-
Last ticker data
Declaration
Swift
public let lastDataAt: Date?
-
Smart contract address, filled when additionalFields contains .contract option
Declaration
Swift
public var contract: String?


| Opcode/Instruction | Op / En | 64/32 bit Mode Support | CPUID Feature Flag | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 66 0F 3A 21 /r ib INSERTPS xmm1, xmm2/m32, imm8 | A | V/V | SSE4_1 | Insert a single-precision floating-point value selected by imm8 from xmm2/m32 into xmm1 at the specified destination element specified by imm8 and zero out destination elements in xmm1 as indicated in imm8. |
| VEX.128.66.0F3A.WIG 21 /r ib VINSERTPS xmm1, xmm2, xmm3/m32, imm8 | B | V/V | AVX | Insert a single-precision floating-point value selected by imm8 from xmm3/m32 and merge with values in xmm2 at the specified destination element specified by imm8 and write out the result and zero out destination elements in xmm1 as indicated in imm8. |
| EVEX.128.66.0F3A.W0 21 /r ib VINSERTPS xmm1, xmm2, xmm3/m32, imm8 | C | V/V | AVX512F | Insert a single-precision floating-point value selected by imm8 from xmm3/m32 and merge with values in xmm2 at the specified destination element specified by imm8 and write out the result and zero out destination elements in xmm1 as indicated in imm8. |
| Op/En | Tuple Type | Operand 1 | Operand 2 | Operand 3 | Operand 4 |
| A | NA | ModRM:reg (r, w) | ModRM:r/m (r) | Imm8 | NA |
| B | NA | ModRM:reg (w) | VEX.vvvv | ModRM:r/m (r) | Imm8 |
| C | Tuple1 Scalar | ModRM:reg (w) | EVEX.vvvv | ModRM:r/m (r) | Imm8 |
(register source form)
Copy a single-precision scalar floating-point element into a 128-bit vector register. The immediate operand has three fields, where the ZMask bits specify which elements of the destination will be set to zero, the Count_D bits specify which element of the destination will be overwritten with the scalar value, and for vector register sources the Count_S bits specify which element of the source will be copied. When the scalar source is a memory operand the Count_S bits are ignored.
(memory source form)
Load a floating-point element from a 32-bit memory location and destination operand it into the first source at the location indicated by the Count_D bits of the immediate operand. Store in the destination and zero out destination elements based on the ZMask bits of the immediate operand.
128-bit Legacy SSE version: The first source register is an XMM register. The second source operand is either an XMM register or a 32-bit memory location. The destination is not distinct from the first source XMM register and the upper bits (MAXVL-1:128) of the corresponding register destination are unmodified.
VEX.128 and EVEX encoded version: The destination and first source register is an XMM register. The second source operand is either an XMM register or a 32-bit memory location. The upper bits (MAXVL-1:128) of the corresponding register destination are zeroed.
If VINSERTPS is encoded with VEX.L= 1, an attempt to execute the instruction encoded with VEX.L= 1 will cause an #UD exception.
IF (SRC = REG) THEN COUNT_S←imm8[7:6] ELSE COUNT_S←0 COUNT_D ← imm8[5:4] ZMASK ← imm8[3:0] CASE (COUNT_S) OF 0: TMP←SRC2[31:0] 1: TMP←SRC2[63:32] 2: TMP←SRC2[95:64] 3: TMP←SRC2[127:96] ESAC; CASE (COUNT_D) OF 0: TMP2[31:0]←TMP TMP2[127:32] ← SRC1[127:32] 1: TMP2[63:32]←TMP TMP2[31:0] ← SRC1[31:0] TMP2[127:64] ← SRC1[127:64] 2: TMP2[95:64]←TMP TMP2[63:0] ← SRC1[63:0] TMP2[127:96] ← SRC1[127:96] 3: TMP2[127:96]←TMP TMP2[95:0] ← SRC1[95:0] ESAC; IF (ZMASK[0] = 1) THEN DEST[31:0]←00000000H ELSE DEST[31:0]←TMP2[31:0] IF (ZMASK[1] = 1) THEN DEST[63:32]←00000000H ELSE DEST[63:32]←TMP2[63:32] IF (ZMASK[2] = 1) THEN DEST[95:64]←00000000H ELSE DEST[95:64]←TMP2[95:64] IF (ZMASK[3] = 1) THEN DEST[127:96]←00000000H ELSE DEST[127:96]←TMP2[127:96] DEST[MAXVL-1:128] ← 0
IF (SRC = REG) THEN COUNT_S←imm8[7:6] ELSE COUNT_S←0 COUNT_D ←imm8[5:4] ZMASK ←imm8[3:0] CASE (COUNT_S) OF 0: TMP←SRC[31:0] 1: TMP←SRC[63:32] 2: TMP←SRC[95:64] 3: TMP←SRC[127:96] ESAC; CASE (COUNT_D) OF 0: TMP2[31:0]←TMP TMP2[127:32] ←DEST[127:32] 1: TMP2[63:32]←TMP TMP2[31:0] ←DEST[31:0] TMP2[127:64] ←DEST[127:64] 2: TMP2[95:64]←TMP TMP2[63:0] ←DEST[63:0] TMP2[127:96] ←DEST[127:96] 3: TMP2[127:96]←TMP TMP2[95:0] ←DEST[95:0] ESAC; IF (ZMASK[0] = 1) THEN DEST[31:0]←00000000H ELSE DEST[31:0]←TMP2[31:0] IF (ZMASK[1] = 1) THEN DEST[63:32]←00000000H ELSE DEST[63:32]←TMP2[63:32] IF (ZMASK[2] = 1) THEN DEST[95:64]←00000000H ELSE DEST[95:64]←TMP2[95:64] IF (ZMASK[3] = 1) THEN DEST[127:96]←00000000H ELSE DEST[127:96]←TMP2[127:96] DEST[MAXVL-1:128] (Unmodified)
VINSERTPS __m128 _mm_insert_ps(__m128 dst, __m128 src, const int nidx);
INSETRTPS __m128 _mm_insert_ps(__m128 dst, __m128 src, const int nidx);
None
Non-EVEX-encoded instruction, see Exceptions Type 5; additionally
| #UD | If VEX.L = 0. |
EVEX-encoded instruction, see Exceptions Type E9NF.


| Package | org.igniterealtime.xiff.im |
| Class | public class Roster |
| Inheritance | Roster ArrayCollection flash.utils.Proxy |
| Property | Defined by | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| connection : XMPPConnection
The instance of the XMPPConnection class to use for the roster to use for
sending and receiving data.
| Roster | ||
| length : int
The number of items in the ArrayCollection.
| ArrayCollection | ||
| source : Array
The source of data in the ArrayCollection.
| ArrayCollection |
| Method | Defined by | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
Roster(aConnection:XMPPConnection = null)
| Roster | ||
|
addContact(id:UnescapedJID, displayName:String, groupName:String = null, requestSubscription:Boolean = true):void
Adds a contact to the roster.
| Roster | ||
|
addContact_result(resultIQ:IQ):void
| Roster | ||
|
addEventListener(type:String, listener:Function, useCapture:Boolean = false, priority:int = 0, useWeakReference:Boolean = false):void
Registers an event listener object with an EventDispatcher object so that the listener receives notification of an event.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
addItem(item:*):void
Add the specified item to the end of the list.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
addItemAt(item:*, index:int):void
Add the specified item at the specified index.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
clearSource():void
Remove all items from the ArrayCollection without dispatching a RESET event.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
contains(item:*):Boolean
Returns whether the ArrayCollection contains the specified item.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
denySubscription(tojid:UnescapedJID):void
Revokes an existing presence subscription or denies a subscription request.
| Roster | ||
|
dispatchEvent(event:Event):Boolean
Dispatches an event into the event flow.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
fetchRoster():void
Fetches the roster data from the server.
| Roster | ||
|
fetchRoster_result(resultIQ:IQ):void
| Roster | ||
|
getContainingGroups(item:RosterItemVO):Array
| Roster | ||
|
getGroup(name:String):RosterGroup
Get a group by given name
| Roster | ||
|
getItemAt(index:int):*
Get the item at the specified index.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
getItemIndex(item:*):int
Get the index of the item if it is in the ArrayCollection such that getItemAt( index ) == item.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
Get the Presence of the given user if any.
| Roster | ||
|
grantSubscription(tojid:UnescapedJID, requestAfterGrant:Boolean = true):void
Grants a user or service authorization for subscribing to your presence.
| Roster | ||
|
hasEventListener(type:String):Boolean
Checks whether the EventDispatcher object has any listeners registered for a specific type of event.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
itemUpdated(item:*):void
Notifies the view that an item has been updated.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
removeAll():void
Remove all items from the ArrayCollection.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
removeContact(rosterItem:RosterItemVO):void
Removes a contact from the roster and revokes all presence subscriptions for that contact.
| Roster | ||
|
removeEventListener(type:String, listener:Function, useCapture:Boolean = false):void
Removes a listener from the EventDispatcher object.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
removeItem(item:*):Boolean
Remove the specified item from this list, should it exist.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
removeItemAt(index:int):*
Removes the item at the specified index and returns it.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
requestSubscription(id:UnescapedJID, isResponse:Boolean = false):void
Requests subscription authorization with a user or service.
| Roster | ||
|
setItemAt(item:*, index:int):*
Places the item at the specified index.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
setPresence(show:String, status:String, priority:int):void
Sets your current presence status.
| Roster | ||
|
toArray():Array
Return an Array that is populated in the same order as the ArrayCollection.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
toString():String
Pretty prints the contents of the ArrayCollection to a string and returns it.
| ArrayCollection | ||
|
unsubscribe_result(resultIQ:IQ):void
| Roster | ||
|
updateContactGroups(rosterItem:RosterItemVO, newGroupNames:Array):void
Updates the groups associated with an existing contact.
| Roster | ||
|
updateContactName(rosterItem:RosterItemVO, newName:String):void
Updates the display name for an existing contact.
| Roster | ||
|
willTrigger(type:String):Boolean
Checks whether an event listener is registered with this EventDispatcher object or any of its ancestors for the specified event type.
| ArrayCollection |
| Event | Summary | Defined by | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Roster | ||||
Broadcast whenever a subscription request that you make (via the addContact()
or requestSubscription() methods) is denied. | Roster | |||
| Broadcast whenever someone requests to subscribe to your presence. | Roster | |||
| Broadcast whenever someone revokes your presence subscription. | Roster | |||
| Broadcast whenever a contact in the roster becomes available. | Roster | |||
| Broadcast whenever a contact in the roster becomes unavailable. | Roster | |||
| Roster | ||||
| Roster | ||||
| Roster |
| connection | property |
connection:XMPPConnection
[read-write]The instance of the XMPPConnection class to use for the roster to use for sending and receiving data.
Implementation public function get connection():XMPPConnection
public function set connection(value:XMPPConnection):void
| Roster | () | constructor |
public function Roster(aConnection:XMPPConnection = null)
Parameters
aConnection:XMPPConnection (default = null ) — A reference to an XMPPConnection class instance
|
| addContact | () | method |
public function addContact(id:UnescapedJID, displayName:String, groupName:String = null, requestSubscription:Boolean = true):void
Adds a contact to the roster. Remember: All roster data is managed on the server-side, so this contact is added to the server-side roster first, and upon successful addition, reflected in the local client-side copy of the roster.
Parametersid:UnescapedJID — The JID of the contact to add
|
|
displayName:String — A friendly name for use when displaying this contact in the roster
|
|
groupName:String (default = null ) — (Optional) The name of the group that this contact should be added to. (Used for
organization in the roster listing.
|
|
requestSubscription:Boolean (default = true ) — (Optional) Determines whether a subscription request should be sent
to this user. Most of the time you will want this parameter to be true.
You will be unable to view the contacts presence status until a subscription request is granted.
|
myRoster.addContact( "homer
| addContact_result | () | method |
| denySubscription | () | method |
public function denySubscription(tojid:UnescapedJID):void
Revokes an existing presence subscription or denies a subscription request. If a user has sent you a subscription request you can use this method to deny that request. Otherwise, if a user already has a granted presence subscription, you can use this method to revoke that subscription.
Parameterstojid:UnescapedJID — The JID of the user or service that you are denying subscription
|
| fetchRoster | () | method |
public function fetchRoster():void
Fetches the roster data from the server. Once the data has been fetched, the Roster's data provider is populated appropriately. If the Roster-XMPPConnection class dependency has been set up before logging in, then this method will be called automatically because the Roster listens for "login" events from the XMPPConnection.
| fetchRoster_result | () | method |
| getContainingGroups | () | method |
public function getContainingGroups(item:RosterItemVO):Array
Parameters
item:RosterItemVO |
Array |
| getGroup | () | method |
public function getGroup(name:String):RosterGroup
Get a group by given name
Parametersname:String |
RosterGroup |
| getPresence | () | method |
public function getPresence(jid:UnescapedJID):Presence
Get the Presence of the given user if any.
Parametersjid:UnescapedJID |
Presence |
| grantSubscription | () | method |
public function grantSubscription(tojid:UnescapedJID, requestAfterGrant:Boolean = true):void
Grants a user or service authorization for subscribing to your presence. Once authorization
is granted, the user can see whether you are offline, online, away, etc. Subscriptions can
be revoked at any time using the denySubscription()
method.
tojid:UnescapedJID — The JID of the user or service to grant subscription to
|
|
requestAfterGrant:Boolean (default = true ) — Whether or not a reciprocal subscription request should be sent
to the grantee, so that you may, in turn, subscribe to his/her/its presence.
|
| removeContact | () | method |
public function removeContact(rosterItem:RosterItemVO):void
Removes a contact from the roster and revokes all presence subscriptions for that contact. This method will only attempt action if the contact you are trying to remove is currently on the roster in the first place.
ParametersrosterItem:RosterItemVO — The value object which is to be removed
|
| requestSubscription | () | method |
public function requestSubscription(id:UnescapedJID, isResponse:Boolean = false):void
Requests subscription authorization with a user or service. In the XMPP-world, you cannot receive notifications on changes to a contact's presence until that contact has authorized you to subscribe to his/her/its presence.
Parametersid:UnescapedJID — The JID of the user or service that you wish to subscribe to
|
|
isResponse:Boolean (default = false )
|
See also
| setPresence | () | method |
public function setPresence(show:String, status:String, priority:int):void
Sets your current presence status. Calling this method notifies others who
are subscribed to your presence of a presence change. You should use this to
change your status to away, extended-away, etc. There are static variables that
you can use defined in the presence class for the show
parameter:
Presence.SHOW_AWAY
Presence.SHOW_CHAT
Presence.SHOW_DND
Presence.SHOW_NORMAL
Presence.SHOW_XA
show:String — The show type for your presence. This represents what others should see - whether
you are offline, online, away, etc.
|
|
status:String — The status message associated with the show value
|
|
priority:int — (Optional) A priority integer for the presence
|
See also
| unsubscribe_result | () | method |
| updateContactGroups | () | method |
public function updateContactGroups(rosterItem:RosterItemVO, newGroupNames:Array):void
Updates the groups associated with an existing contact.
ParametersrosterItem:RosterItemVO — The value object of the contact to update
|
|
newGroupNames:Array — The new groups to associate the contact with
|
| updateContactName | () | method |
public function updateContactName(rosterItem:RosterItemVO, newName:String):void
Updates the display name for an existing contact.
ParametersrosterItem:RosterItemVO — The value object of the contact to update
|
|
newName:String — The new display name for this contact
|
| rosterLoaded | event |
| subscriptionDenial | event |
org.igniterealtime.xiff.events.RosterEvent
Broadcast whenever a subscription request that you make (via the addContact()
or requestSubscription()
methods) is denied.
The event object contains an attribute jid
with the JID of the user who
denied the request.
| subscriptionRequest | event |
org.igniterealtime.xiff.events.RosterEvent
Broadcast whenever someone requests to subscribe to your presence. The event object
contains an attribute jid
with the JID of the user who is requesting
a presence subscription.
| subscriptionRevocation | event |
org.igniterealtime.xiff.events.RosterEvent
Broadcast whenever someone revokes your presence subscription. This is not
an event that is fired when you revoke a subscription, but rather when one of your
contacts decides that he/she/it no longer wants you to know about their presence
status.
The event object contains an attribute jid
with the JID of
the user who revoked your subscription.
| userAvailable | event |
org.igniterealtime.xiff.events.RosterEvent
Broadcast whenever a contact in the roster becomes available. (Goes from offline to online.)
The event object contains an attribute jid
with the JID of the user who
became available.
| userAvailable | event |
org.igniterealtime.xiff.events.RosterEvent
Broadcast whenever a contact in the roster becomes unavailable. (Goes from online to offline.)
The event object contains an attribute jid
with the JID of the user who
became unavailable.
| userPresenceUpdated | event |
| userRemoved | event |
| userSubscriptionUpdated | event |


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pnmtops(1) pnmtops(1) NAME pnmtops - convert portable anymap to PostScript SYNOPSIS pnmtops [-scale s] [-dpi n] [-imagewidth n] [-imageheight n] [-width=N] [-height=N] [-equalpixels] [-turn|-noturn] [-rle|-runlength] [-nocenter] [-setpage] [-nosetpage] [pnmfile] All options can be abbreviated to their shortest unique prefix. You may use two hyphens instead of one. You may separate an option name and its value with white space instead of an equals sign. DESCRIPTION Reads a Netpbm image as input. Produces Encapsulated PostScript as out‐ put. If the input file is in color (PPM), pnmtops generates a color PostScript file. Some PostScript interpreters can't handle color PostScript. If you have one of these you will need to run your image through ppmtopgm first. If you specify no output dimensioning options, the output image is dimen‐ sioned as if you had specified -scale=1.0, which means aproximately 72 pixels of the input image generate one inch of output (if that fits the page). Use -imagewidth, -imageheight, -equalpixels, -width, -height, and -scale to adjust that. OPTIONS -imagewidth -imageheight Tells how wide and high you want the image on the page, in inches. The aspect ratio of the image is preserved, so if you specify both of these, the image on the page will be the largest image that will fit within the box of those dimensions. If these dimensions are greater than the page size, you get Post‐ script output that runs off the page. You cannot use imagewidth or imageheight with -scale or -equalpix‐ els. -equalpixels This option causes the output image to have the same number of pixels as the input image. So if the output device is 600 dpi and your image is 3000 pixels wide, the output image would be 5 inches wide. You cannot use -equalpixels with -imagewidth, -imageheight, or -scale. -scale tells how big you want the image on the page. The value is the number of inches of output image that you want 72 pixels of the input to generate. But pnmtops rounds the number to something that is an integral number of output device pixels. E.g. if the output device is 300 dpi and you specify -scale=1.0, then 75 (not 72) pixels of input becomes one inch of output (4 output pixels for each input pixel). Note that the -dpi option tell pnmtops how many pixels per inch the output device generates. If the size so specified does not fit on the page (as measured either by the -width and -height options or the default page size of 8.5 inches by 11 inches), pnmtops ignores the -scale option, issues a warning, and scales the image to fit on the page. -dpi This option specifies the dots per inch of your output device. The default is 300 dpi. In theory PostScript is device-indepen‐ dent and you don't have to worry about this, but in practice its raster rendering can have unsightly bands if the device pixels and the image pixels aren't in sync. Also this option is crucial to the working of the equalpixels option. -width -height These options specify the dimensions of the page on which the output is to be printed. This can affect the size of the out‐ put image. The page size has no effect, however, when you specify the -imagewidth, -imageheight, or -equalpixels options. These options may also affect positioning of the image on the page and even the paper selected (or cut) by the printer/plotter when the output is printed. See the -nosetpage option. The default is 8.5 inches by 11 inches. -turn -noturn These options control whether the image gets turned 90 degrees. Normally, if an image fits the page better when turned (e.g. the image is wider than it is tall, but the page is taller than it is wide), it gets turned automatically to better fit the page. If you specify the -turn option, pnmtops turns the image no matter what its shape; If you specify -noturn, pnmtops does not turn it no matter what its shape. -rle -runlength These identical options specify run-length compression. This may save time if the host-to-printer link is slow; but nor‐ mally the printer's processing time dominates, so -rle makes things slower. -nocenter By default, pnmtops centers the image on the output page. You can cause pnmtops to instead put the image against the upper left cor‐ ner of the page with the -nocenter option. This is useful for programs which can include PostScript files, but can't cope with pictures which are not positioned in the upper left corner. For backward compatibility, pnmtops accepts the option -center, but it has no effect. -setpage pnmtops can generate a "setpagedevice" directive to tell the printer/plotter what size paper to use (or cut). The dimensions it specifies on this directive are those selected or defaulted by the width and height options or defaulted. If you want a "set‐ pagedevice" directive in the output, specify -setpage. This can be useful if your printer chokes on this directive, which has not always been defined in Postscript, or you want to fake out the printer and print on one size paper as if you're printing on another. Before release 10.0 the default was to generate the "setpagede‐ vice" directive, and there is the switch -nosetpage to supress it, but that's actually a no-op now. SEE ALSO pnm(5), gs(1), psidtopgm(1), pstopnm(1), pbmtolps(1), pbmtoepsi(1), pbm‐ topsg3(1), ppmtopgm(1), AUTHOR Copyright (C) 1989, 1991 by Jef Poskanzer. Modified November 1993 by Wolfgang Stuerzlinger<EMAIL_ADDRESS>25 May 2001 pnmtops(1)


{% extends "base_logged_in.html" %} {% block content %}
This bypasses mail verification. Normal registrations should be done via the register page


The means of combination used in the query language may at first seem identical to the operations and, or, and not of mathematical logic, and the application of query-language rules is in fact accomplished through a legitimate method of inference.[1] This identification of the query language with mathematical logic is not really valid, though, because the query language provides a control structure that interprets the logical statements procedurally. We can often take advantage of this control structure. For example, to find all of the supervisors of programmers we could formulate a query in either of two logically equivalent forms:
and(job(x, list("computer", "programmer")), supervisor(x, y));
and(supervisor(x, y), job(x, list("computer", "programmer")));
If a company has many more supervisors than programmers (the usual case), it is better to use the first form rather than the second because the data base must be scanned for each intermediate result (frame) produced by the first clause of the and.
The aim of logic programming is to provide the programmer with
techniques for decomposing a computational problem into two separate
problems: what
is to be computed, and how
this should be
computed. This is accomplished by selecting a subset of the
statements of mathematical logic that is powerful enough to be able to
describe anything one might want to compute, yet weak enough to have a
controllable procedural interpretation. The intention here is that,
on the one hand, a program specified in a logic programming language
should be an effective program that can be carried out by a computer.
Control (how
to compute) is effected by using the order of
evaluation of the language. We should be able to arrange the order of
clauses and the order of subgoals within each clause so that the
computation is done in an order deemed to be effective and efficient.
At the same time, we should be able to view the result of the
computation (what
to compute) as a simple consequence of the laws
of logic.
Our query language can be regarded as just such a procedurally
interpretable subset of mathematical logic. An assertion represents a
simple fact (an atomic proposition). A rule represents the
implication that the rule conclusion holds for those cases where the
rule body holds. A rule has a natural procedural interpretation: To
establish the conclusion of the rule, establish the body of the rule.
Rules, therefore, specify computations. However, because rules can
also be regarded as statements of mathematical logic, we can justify any inference
accomplished by a logic program by asserting that
the same result could be obtained by working entirely within
mathematical logic.[2]
A consequence of the procedural interpretation of logic programs is that it is possible to construct hopelessly inefficient programs for solving certain problems. An extreme case of inefficiency occurs when the system falls into infinite loops in making deductions. As a simple example, suppose we are setting up a data base of famous marriages, including
assert(married("Minnie", "Mickey"));
If we now ask
married("Mickey", who);
assert(rule(married(x, y), married(y, x)));
married("Mickey", who);
Unfortunately, this will drive the system into an infinite loop, as follows:
The system is now in an infinite loop. Indeed, whether the system will find the simple answer married("Minnie", "Mickey") before it goes into the loop depends on implementation details concerning the order in which the system checks the items in the data base. This is a very simple example of the kinds of loops that can occur. Collections of interrelated rules can lead to loops that are much harder to anticipate, and the appearance of a loop can depend on the order of clauses in an and (see exercise \ref{ex:query-simple-loop}) or on low-level details concerning the order in which the system processes queries.[3]
Another quirk in the query system concerns not. Given the data base of section \ref{sec:deductive-info-retrieval}, consider the following two queries:
and(supervisor(x, y), not(job(x, list("computer", "programmer")))); and(not(job(x, list("computer", "programmer"))), supervisor(x, y));
These two queries do not produce the same result. The first query begins by finding all entries in the data base that match supervisor(x, y), and then filters the resulting frames by removing the ones in which the value of x satisfies job(x, list("computer", "programmer")). The second query begins by filtering the incoming frames to remove those that can satisfy job(x, list("computer", "programmer")). Since the only incoming frame is empty, it checks the data base to see if there are any patterns that satisfy job(x, list("computer", "programmer")). Since there generally are entries of this form, the not clause filters out the empty frame and returns an empty stream of frames. Consequently, the entire compound query returns an empty stream.
The trouble is that our implementation of not really is meant to serve as a filter on values for the variables. If a not clause is processed with a frame in which some of the variables remain unbound (as does x in the example above), the system will produce unexpected results. Similar problems occur with the use of javascript_value—the JavaScript predicate can't work if some of its arguments are unbound. See exercise \ref{ex:not-query-filter}.
There is also a much more serious way in which the not of the
query language differs from the not of mathematical logic. In
logic, we interpret the statement not $P$
to mean that $P$ is not
true. In the query system, however, not $P$
means that $P$ is not
deducible from the knowledge in the data base. For example, given the
personnel data base of section \ref{sec:deductive-info-retrieval}, the
system would happily deduce all sorts of not statements, such as
that Ben Bitdiddle is not a baseball fan, that it is not raining
outside, and that $2 + 2$ is not 4.[4] In other words, the not
of logic programming languages reflects the so-called
closed
world assumption that all relevant information has been included in
the data base.[5]
rule(outranked_by(staff_person, boss), or(supervisor(staff_person, boss), and(outranked_by(middle_manager, boss), supervisor(staff_person, middle_manager))));
outanked_by(list("Bitdiddle", "Ben"), who);
wheel(who);
// Query results: wheel(list("Warbucks", "Oliver")) wheel(list("Bitdiddle", "Ben")) wheel(list("Warbucks", "Oliver")) wheel(list("Warbucks", "Oliver")) wheel(list("Warbucks", "Oliver"))
sum(amount, and(job(x, list("computer", "programmer")), salary(x, amount)));
Oh, no, my simple accumulation scheme won't work!What has Ben just realized? Outline a method he can use to salvage the situation. \end{Exercise} \stepcounter{ExerciseDisplayNumber} \begin{Exercise} Devise a way to install a loop detector in the query system so as to avoid the kinds of simple loops illustrated in the text and in exercise \ref{ex:query-simple-loop}. The general idea is that the system should maintain some sort of history of its current chain of deductions and should not begin processing a query that it is already working on. Describe what kind of information (patterns and frames) is included in this history, and how the check should be made. (After you study the details of the query-system implementation in section \ref{sec:implementing-the-query-system}, you may want to modify the system to include your loop detector.) \end{Exercise} \stepcounter{ExerciseDisplayNumber} \begin{Exercise} Define rules to implement the reverse operation of exercise \ref{ex:reverse}, which returns a list containing the same elements as a given list in reverse order. (Hint: Use append_to_form. Can your rules answer both reverse(list(1, 2, 3), x) and reverse(x, list(1, 2, 3)? \end{Exercise} \stepcounter{ExerciseDisplayNumber} \begin{Exercise} Beginning with the data base and the rules you formulated in exercise \ref{ex:genesis}, devise a rule for adding
greatsto a grandson relationship. This should enable the system to deduce that Irad is the great-grandson of Adam, or that Jabal and Jubal are the great-great-great-great-great-grandsons of Adam. (Hint: Represent the fact about Irad, for example, as list(list("great", "grandson"), "Adam", "Irad"). Write rules that determine if a list ends in the word "grandson". Use this to express a rule that allows one to derive the relationship list(pair("great", rel), x, y), where rel is a list ending in "grandson".) Check your rules on queries such as list(list("great", "grandson"), g, ggs) and list(relationship, "Adam", "Irad"). \end{Exercise}
inferenceaccomplished by a logic program, we assume that the computation terminates. Unfortunately, even this qualified statement is false for our implementation of the query language (and also false for programs in Prolog and most other current logic programming languages) because of our use of not and javascript_value. As we will describe below, the not implemented in the query language is not always consistent with the not of mathematical logic, and javascript_value introduces additional complications. We could implement a language consistent with mathematical logic by simply removing not and javascript_value from the language and agreeing to write programs using only simple queries, and, and or. However, this would greatly restrict the expressive power of the language. One of the major concerns of research in logic programming is to find ways to achieve more consistency with mathematical logic without unduly sacrificing expressive power.
To show $P(x)$ is true, show that $P(f(x))$ is true,for some suitably chosen function $f$.


The second stage of backward design has instructors consider the assessments and performance tasks students will complete in order to demonstrate evidence of understanding and learning. In the previous stage, the instructor pinpointed the learning goals of the course. Therefore, they will have a clearer vision of what evidence students can provide to show they have achieved or have started to attain the goals of the course. Consider the following two questions at this stage:
At this stage it is important to consider a wide range of assessment methods in order to ensure that students are being assess over the goals the instructor wants students to attain. Sometimes, the assessments do not match the learning goals, and it becomes a frustrating experience for students and instructors. Use the list below to help brainstorm assessment methods for the learning goals of the course.


This example shows how to use the reviver parameter in JSON.parse to add new object members and format existing members during the parsing phase.
reviver
JSON.parse
Choose a currency, then get the data


The Affiliate Notification email message is sent to an affiliate when their account is created. To locate this resource file, use the Find option on your web browser and search for EMAIL_AFFILIATE_NOTIFICATION_SUBJECT.Text and EMAIL_AFFILIATE_NOTIFICATION_BODY.Text.
Here is the subject title and message for this email as provided in the default DNN core language pack:
[Portal:PortalName] Affiliate Notification
Dear [Custom:0],
Your account for the [Portal:PortalName] Affiliate Program has been created.
To begin earning rewards, please use the following URL to link to our site: [Custom:1]
Thank you, [Portal:PortalName]


Task Assignments |
Top Previous Next |
|
The Task Assignments submodule to view what and how many active tasks users are assigned: -Select Task Assignments submodule -Select one or more teams to view all active assignments. Active means tasks and todos that have yet to be completed. -Select a specific date to filter all assignments on a specific day -Select PDF to export statistics -Select Clear All to clear the dynamic statistics window -Click on a user name to view the assignment breakdown -Hyperlink any of the blue values to launch the actual task in Track Project section -Select the PDF button to export the statistics -Select Back button to redirect back to the resource page
|


| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| FiscalPrinterInterface |
Interface for methods that implement property setter and method calls for the FiscalPrinter device category.
|
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| Factory |
General part of FiscalPrinterService factory for JPOS devices using this framework.
|
| FiscalPrinterErrorEvent |
FiscalPrinter error events, holds additional parameters.
|
| FiscalPrinterProperties |
Class containing the FiscalPrinter specific properties, their default values and default implementations of
FiscalPrinterInterface.
|
| FiscalPrinterService |
FiscalPrinter service implementation.
|
| FiscalPrinterStatusUpdateEvent |
Status update event implementation for FiscalPrinter devices.
|
| OutputRequest |
Output request class for fiscal printers.
|
| PrePostOutputRequest |
Output request base for FiscalPrinter methods that use properties PreLine and / or PostLine.
|
| PrintFiscalDocumentLine |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintFiscalDocumentLine.
|
| PrintFixedOutput |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintFiscalDocumentLine.
|
| PrintNormal |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintNormal.
|
| PrintRecCash |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecCash.
|
| PrintRecItem |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecItem, output request base for several PrintRec... methods
with quantity and price data.
|
| PrintRecItemAdjustment |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecItemAdjustment.
|
| PrintRecItemAdjustmentVoid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecItemAdjustmentVoid.
|
| PrintRecItemFuel |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecItemFuel.
|
| PrintRecItemFuelVoid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecItemFuelVoid.
|
| PrintRecItemRefund |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecItemRefund.
|
| PrintRecItemRefundVoid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecItemRefundVoid.
|
| PrintRecItemVoid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecItemVoid.
|
| PrintRecMessage |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecMessage.
|
| PrintRecNotPaid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecNotPaid.
|
| PrintRecPackageAdjustment |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecPackageAdjustment.
|
| PrintRecPackageAdjustVoid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecPackageAdjustVoid and executor base for FiscalPrinterService method
PrintRecPackageAdjustment.
|
| PrintRecRefund |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecRefund.
|
| PrintRecRefundVoid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecRefundVoid.
|
| PrintRecSubtotal |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter methods PrintRecSubtotal.
|
| PrintRecSubtotalAdjustment |
Output request for FiscalPrinter methods PrintRecSubtotalAdjustment.
|
| PrintRecSubtotalAdjustVoid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecSubtotalAdjustVoid and executor base for FiscalPrinterService method
PrintRecSubtotalAdjustment.
|
| PrintRecTaxID |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecTaxID.
|
| PrintRecTotal |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter methods PrintRecTotal.
|
| PrintRecVoid |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecVoid.
|
| PrintRecVoidItem |
Output request executor for FiscalPrinter method PrintRecVoidItem.
|
| SimpleAmountOutputRequest |
Output request base for FiscalPrinter methods that use amount arguments.
|
| SimpleItemOutputRequest |
Output request base for FiscalPrinter methods that use description, amount and vatinfo arguments.
|
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| FiscalPrinterException |
Fiscal printer exception class.
|


I'm Sam Pour Mozafari, a frontend developer and graphic designer from Copenhagen currently enrolled at Copenhagen Business Academy studying multimedia design. I have a passion for unconventional design and aesthetics and realizing them through web technologies or other media. This portfolio currently serves as a school project.
Send me an email sendA school project by Sam Pour Mozafari.


Thank you to choose our dedicated services and your email. We're glad to help you in the future.
Angelique Team
Google


R/ml_feature_feature_hasher.R
ft_feature_hasher.Rd
Feature Transformation -- FeatureHasher (Transformer)
ft_feature_hasher( x, input_cols = NULL, output_col = NULL, num_features = 2^18, categorical_cols = NULL, uid = random_string("feature_hasher_"), ... )
| x | A |
|---|---|
| input_cols | Names of input columns. |
| output_col | Name of output column. |
| num_features | Number of features. Defaults to \(2^18\). |
| categorical_cols | Numeric columns to treat as categorical features. By default only string and boolean columns are treated as categorical, so this param can be used to explicitly specify the numerical columns to treat as categorical. |
| uid | A character string used to uniquely identify the feature transformer. |
| ... | Optional arguments; currently unused. |
The object returned depends on the class of x
.
spark_connection
: When x
is a spark_connection
, the function returns a ml_transformer
,
a ml_estimator
, or one of their subclasses. The object contains a pointer to
a Spark Transformer
or Estimator
object and can be used to compose
Pipeline
objects.
ml_pipeline
: When x
is a ml_pipeline
, the function returns a ml_pipeline
with
the transformer or estimator appended to the pipeline.
tbl_spark
: When x
is a tbl_spark
, a transformer is constructed then
immediately applied to the input tbl_spark
, returning a tbl_spark
Feature hashing projects a set of categorical or numerical features into a feature vector of specified dimension (typically substantially smaller than that of the original feature space). This is done using the hashing trick https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Feature_hashing to map features to indices in the feature vector.
The FeatureHasher transformer operates on multiple columns. Each column may contain either numeric or categorical features. Behavior and handling of column data types is as follows: -Numeric columns: For numeric features, the hash value of the column name is used to map the feature value to its index in the feature vector. By default, numeric features are not treated as categorical (even when they are integers). To treat them as categorical, specify the relevant columns in categoricalCols. -String columns: For categorical features, the hash value of the string "column_name=value" is used to map to the vector index, with an indicator value of 1.0. Thus, categorical features are "one-hot" encoded (similarly to using OneHotEncoder with drop_last=FALSE). -Boolean columns: Boolean values are treated in the same way as string columns. That is, boolean features are represented as "column_name=true" or "column_name=false", with an indicator value of 1.0.
Null (missing) values are ignored (implicitly zero in the resulting feature vector).
The hash function used here is also the MurmurHash 3 used in HashingTF. Since a simple modulo on the hashed value is used to determine the vector index, it is advisable to use a power of two as the num_features parameter; otherwise the features will not be mapped evenly to the vector indices.
See http://spark.apache.org/docs/latest/ml-features.html for more information on the set of transformations available for DataFrame columns in Spark.
Other feature transformers:
ft_binarizer()
,
ft_bucketizer()
,
ft_chisq_selector()
,
ft_count_vectorizer()
,
ft_dct()
,
ft_elementwise_product()
,
ft_hashing_tf()
,
ft_idf()
,
ft_imputer()
,
ft_index_to_string()
,
ft_interaction()
,
ft_lsh
,
ft_max_abs_scaler()
,
ft_min_max_scaler()
,
ft_ngram()
,
ft_normalizer()
,
ft_one_hot_encoder_estimator()
,
ft_one_hot_encoder()
,
ft_pca()
,
ft_polynomial_expansion()
,
ft_quantile_discretizer()
,
ft_r_formula()
,
ft_regex_tokenizer()
,
ft_robust_scaler()
,
ft_sql_transformer()
,
ft_standard_scaler()
,
ft_stop_words_remover()
,
ft_string_indexer()
,
ft_tokenizer()
,
ft_vector_assembler()
,
ft_vector_indexer()
,
ft_vector_slicer()
,
ft_word2vec()


--- title: "How to Prepare Ultimate Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings Delicious" slug: air-fried-sweet-and-sour-chicken-wings description: "Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings Recipe - Sweet, sour, crispy, and sticky wings without the mess of deep-frying. Recipe of Favorite Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings Tasty" date: 2021-04-12T14:51:16Z image: https://cdn.statically.io/img/images.media-allrecipes.com/userphotos/8737156.jpg thumbnail: https://cdn.statically.io/img/images.media-allrecipes.com/userphotos/8737156.jpg cover: https://cdn.statically.io/img/images.media-allrecipes.com/userphotos/8737156.jpg author: Tiara ratingvalue: 5 reviewcount: 371 recipeingredient: - "2 pounds party chicken wings" - "1 tablespoon extra-virgin olive oil" - "½ teaspoon salt" - "¾ cup white sugar" - "⅔ cup distilled white vinegar" - "⅓ cup water" - "2 tablespoons reduced-sodium soy sauce" - "2 tablespoons cornstarch" - "1 tablespoon ketchup" recipeinstructions: - "Preheat the air fryer to 380 degrees F (190 degrees C)." - "Place wings in a large bowl. Drizzle oil over the top, sprinkle with salt, and stir until evenly combined. Place 1/2 of the wings in the air fryer basket, skin side down." - "Air fry wings for 10 minutes. Flip wings over using tongs and cook for 10 minutes more. Increase temperature to 400 degrees F (200 degrees C). Flip wings over and cook until crispy, about 5 minutes more. Repeat with remaining wings." - "Meanwhile, combine sugar, vinegar, water, soy sauce, cornstarch, and ketchup in a saucepan over medium-high heat. Whisk until sauce has thickened, 3 to 5 minutes. Turn heat off and let cool slightly." - "Place wings in a large bowl. Pour sauce over the top, toss to coat, and serve immediately." categories: - "Recipes" tags: katakunci: air-fried sweet and sour chicken wings, . nutrition: 364 calories recipecuisine: Western preptime: "P0DT0H5M" cooktime: "P0DT0H50M" totaltime: "P0DT0H55M" recipeyield: "4 servings" recipecategory: quotes: When you eat food with your family and friends, it always tastes better! ---
Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings - Hello everybody, I hope youre having an incredible day today. It is me again Tiara , welcome to our recipe site. Today, we are going to prepare a distinctive dish, Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings. It is one of my favorites recipes. For mine, Im gonna make it a little bit tasty. This is gonna smell and look delicious.
Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings is Sweet, sour, crispy, and sticky wings without the mess of deep-frying.
Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings is one of the most well liked of recent trending meals on earth. its easy, its quick, it tastes yummy. its enjoyed by millions daily. It is simple, it is fast, it tastes delicious. Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings is something which I have loved my entire life. They re fine and they look wonderful. They are nice and they look wonderful. Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings is something which I have loved my entire life.
To begin with this recipe, we must first prepare a few ingredients. You can have Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings using 9 ingredients and 5 steps. Here is how you cook that.
So that is going to wrap this up for this special food Air-Fried Sweet and Sour Chicken Wings recipe. Thank you very much for your time. Im confident you can make this at home. Theres gonna be another interesting food in home recipes coming up. Remember to save this page in your browser, and share it to your loved ones, friends and colleague. Thank you for reading. Go on get cooking!


Licences
There are various licences available from Cammegh to complement Cammegh products, across roulette wheels, billboard displays and even multiple casinos.
Wheel Manager
Live Viewer shows the wheel's current status, including game state, rotor and ball speed.
Various wheel settings can be configured, such as the speed thresholds for game states.
Cammegh's Wheel Manager software for Windows provides a simple tool to unlock the full power of the Mercury 360 roulette wheel.
With Wheel Manager running on a service laptop or management PC, access is granted to the comprehensive game logs stored within the wheel's secure memory. Aspects of each game - such as rotor integrity, wheel level, erroneous ball and rotor speeds, game interruptions, and unexpected ball drops - can all be exported for printing, or viewed directly within the software, which employs a simple traffic light display to denote status.
Using a serial cable, service personnel can quickly connect to a wheel and diagnose faults or perform calibration procedures by following the on-screen instrcutions. Networked wheels can be connected to remotely for real-time status reporting.
PitBoss HQ
PitBoss HQ provides a convenient browser-based interface for wheel and table productivity analysis over a local- or wide-area network. Working in conjunction with the Cammegh Billboard Display System, PitBoss securely feeds comprehensive game and table activity data into a database for analysis and reporting via the PitBoss HQ web app.
Wheel speed and rotor direction are logged alongside drop, float, dealer ID and winning number, with options to export data so it can be used in 3rd party systems. Wheels can be tracked by serial number, to accommodate their relocation around the gaming floor, while the distribution of their rotor speeds and winning numbers can be displayed graphically within the PitBoss HQ web app. Thanks to its web-based architecture, PitBoss can even be used over a wide-area network to allow the integration of multiple casinos.
Multiboard for Roulette & Baccarat
Multiboard - Roulette
Multiboard is a feature of the Billboard Display System that shows the results from multiple tables on one screena and updates in real time. This keeps players up to date with their table's results while they are playing elsewhere or taking a break.
Multiboard can be featured on its own (for example, mounted above the casino bar) or it can be integrated into the on-screen graphics of another Billboard ("Multiboard Mini").
Multiboard - Baccarat
In addition to Multiboard for Roulette, Multiboard can also be used to display Baccarat results from multiple tables. The traditional Chinese Main Road from each connected table is shown, along with table name, statistics and the current open/closed status. Trends can be highlighted with colours and effects in order to entice players in from other parts of the casino.
Spread-Bet Roulette
Spread-Bet Roulette transparently generates a bonus number from 0 to 72, enabling high payouts at an increased house edge.
Two concentric roulette number rings appear on the display, spinning in opposite directions. At 'No More Bets', both rings stop, randomly aligning the numbers.
The winning roulette number then determines which two numbers are added together to make the final Spread-Bet value. Players bet on the spread into which this value falls.
How to Play
Spread-Bets are placed at the beginning of each game alongside (or instead of) traditional roulette bets. The Billboard Display shows the winning value and spread. Bets are paid out and collected at the end of the game.
Requirements
A Cammegh Billboard with the appropriate Spread-Bet Roulette software is required, along with a cloth featuring the 7 Spread-Bet spots.
Below are the available Pay Table Options.
Please click on the table for a high-res downloadable version.
Spread-Bet Baccarat
Spread-Bet Baccarat is a licenced side bet for Baccarat, where players are invited to bet on the sum of either the Player's or the Banker's final (winning) hand.
By respectfully building on the original game, Spread-Bet Baccarat adds variety for the player aand an increased house edge for the casino, all without affecting the experience for traditional players.
How to Play
If the player has placed a traditional Baccarat bet, he or she is invited to bet on up to six available Spreads, three on the Player's side and three on the Banker's side. Spread-Bets are placed at the same time as the player buys into the traditional game. Winning and losing wagers are settled at the end of the game.
Requirements
Spread-Bet Baccarat is dealt from an 8 deck shoe, with th cutting card at least one deck from the back. Betting spots are printed on the cloth, which must be in Cammegh Gold*
*CMYK: 21 60 100 7 / RGB: 190 115 40
Spread-Bet Blackjack
Spread-Bet Blackjack is a licenced side bet for Blackjack. Working seamlessly alongside the traditional game, Spread-Bet Blackjack gives each player three new betting spots, which allow wagers to be placed on the sum of their first two cards. By adding the chance to win on a low value hand, Spread-Bet Blackjack adds an exciting twist to the game at an increased house edge.
How to Play
Spread-Bets are placed once the player has bought into the main game and before dealing commences. Winning and losing Spread-Bets are paid out/collected before the first player decides whether to receive another card.
Requirements
The side bet can be incorporated into any Blackjack table that uses a continual card shuffler. No additional equipment is required other than a table layout that includes the pay table and betting spots for Spread-Bet Blackjack.
Rules
When calculating a player's Spread-Bet Blackjack total, Aces are equal to 1. An optional game rule states that a player's Spread-Bets are pushed if the player is dealt a "Royal Blackjack" (Ace + picture card), which reduces the house edge as shown below.
Lucky Symbols
Lucky Symbols is a simple yet captivating side bet for roulette that boasts an extraordinary scope for customisation. Bet spots are added to the roulette layout (each containing a bespoke Lucky Symbol) and a slot reel animation on the Billboard Display selects one symbol per game. Players that have placed bets on the winning symbol are paid at the corresponding odds.
The side bet is powered by Cammegh's GLI-approved Bonus Numbers feature, whose flexibility allows symbol odds and house edges to be fine-tuned to a wide range of values. With its potential for large payouts at an increased house edge, Lucky Symbols makes a valuable addition to the gaming floor.
Please note that the symbols shown below are simply a few examples of presets that are available; Symbol graphics can be fully customised to the customer's requirements.
Double Shot
Cammegh's DoubleShot side bet makes elegant use of Bonus Numbers to add a random bonus number to the game. The inclusion of this bonus number, generated without the need for a custom roulette wheel, allows players to bet on number matches at odds of 1200, 600 and 300 to 1 with an increased house edge.
With the inclusion of a secondary betting area on the dealer's side of the roulette layout and a slot reel animation on the Billboard Display, DoubleShot makes an unintrusive and highly intuitive addition to the table. Bets can be placed on the DoubleShot grid in straight up, split and corner positions and whenever the Billboard's "slot reel" matches the winning roulette number, players with DoubleShot bets covering that number win at the corresponding odds.
High odds and a familiar, roulette-centric design make DoubleShot and exciting yet respectful addition to the traditional game.
Single-Zero DoubleShot
Bet Type:
Straight Up Match
Split Match
Corner Match
Probability:
0.073%
0.146%
1.1%
Odds:
1200 to 1
600 to 1
300 to 1
House Edge:
11.01%
11.01%
11.01%
Double-Zero DoubleShot
Bet Type:
Straight Up Match
Split Match
Corner Match
Probability:
0.069%
0.138%
0.277%
Odds:
1200 to 1
600 to 1
300 to 1
House Edge:
16.89%
16.89%
16.89%


{% extends 'base2.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block content %}
Call Us :<PHONE_NUMBER>
About 9 out of 10 bladder cancers in the UK (90%) are the transitional cell type, which is sometimes called urothelial cancer. It is a cancer that develops from the cells of the bladder lining (urothelium). The cells are called transitional cells. When the bladder is empty, they are all bunched together. When the bladder is full, they are stretched out into a single layer. Because they line the bladder, these cells come into contact with waste products in the urine that may cause cancer, such as chemicals in cigarette smoke.
Superficial bladder cancers are early stage transitional cell bladder cancers. The cancer is only in the lining of the bladder and hasn't grown into the deeper layers of the bladder wall. It usually appears as small growths, shaped like mushrooms, growing out of the bladder lining. This is called papillary bladder cancer. Your surgeon can remove these growths and they may never come back.
Transitional cell bladder cancer can become invasive. This means it has grown into the muscle layer of the bladder, or beyond. Some people have invasive bladder cancer when they are first diagnosed. Invasive bladder cancer needs more intensive treatment than superficial bladder cancer. This is because there is a risk that it could spread to other parts of the body. Invasive bladder cancers are divided into T2, T3 or T4. This is part of the staging of bladder cancer.
Squamous cells are flat cells that make up the moist, skin like, tissues lining the body organs. About 5 out of every 100 (5%) bladder cancers in the UK are squamous cell cancers. They are more common in developing countries where a worm infection called bilharzia or schistosomiasis is widespread.
This is a very rare type of bladder cancer. Between 1 and 2 out of every 100 people diagnosed with bladder cancer have this type (1 to 2%). It is a cancer that develops from the cells in the lining of the bladder that produce mucus. All the moist, skin like, tissues lining the body have some gland cells that produce mucus
Changes in bladder habits or symptoms of irritation
Having to urinate more often than usual
Pain or burning during urination
Feeling as if you need to go right away, even when the bladder is not full
Having trouble urinating or having a weak urine stream
Symptoms of advanced bladder cancer
Being unable to urinate
Lower back pain on one side
Loss of appetite and weight loss
Feeling tired or weak
Swelling in the feet
Bone pain
Bladder defects from birth
Chemotherapy and radiation therapy
Chronic bladder infections and irritations
Exposure to certain chemicals including aromatic amines
Low fluid consumption
Personal or family history of bladder cancer
Intravesical chemotherapy. Intravesical (local) chemotherapy is usually given by a urologist. During this type of therapy, drugs are delivered into the bladder through a catheter that has been inserted through the urethra.
Systemic chemotherapy. Systemic (whole body) chemotherapy is usually prescribed by a medical oncologist, a doctor who specializes in treating cancer with medication.
Transurethral bladder tumor resection (TURBT). This procedure is used for diagnosis and staging, as well as treatment. Cystectomy. A radical cystectomy is the removal of the whole bladder and possibly nearby tissues and organs. Urinary diversion. If the bladder is removed, the doctor will create a new way to pass urine out of the body. One way to do this is to use a section of the small intestine or colon to divert urine to a stoma or ostomy (an opening) on the outside of the body. The patient then must wear a bag attached to the stoma to collect and drain urine.
Immunotherapy, also called biologic therapy, is designed to boost the body’s natural defenses to fight the cancer. It uses materials made either by the body or in a laboratory to improve, target, or restore immune system function.
• To destroy any cancer cells that may remain after TURBT to avoid removing all or part of the bladder
• To relieve symptoms caused by a tumor, such as pain, bleeding, or blockage
• To treat a metastasis located in one area, such as the brain or bone
Basal cell carcinoma is a cancerthat grows on parts of your skinthat get a lot of sun. It's natural to feel worried when your doctor tells you that you have it, but keep in mind that it's the least risky type of skin cancer. As long as you catch it early, you can be cured.
Ultraviolet (UV) rays from the sun or from a tanning bed are the main cause of basal cell carcinoma. When UV rays hit your skin, over time, they can damage the DNA in your skin cells. The DNA holds the code for the way these cells grow. Over time, damage to the DNA can cause cancer to form. The process takes many years.
Basal cell carcinoma can look different. You may notice a skin growth in a dome shape that has blood vessels in it. It can be pink, brown, or black.  Sometimes these growths can look dark. Or you may also see shiny pink or red patches that are slightly scaly.
Cutting out the tumor. Your doctor may call this an "excision." First he'll numb the tumor and the skin around it. Then he'll scrape the tumor with a spoon-shaped device.
 You may hear your doctor call this "curettage and desiccation." First your doctor numbs your skin. Then he uses a curette, a tool that has spoon-like shape to scrape off the tumor. Your doctor controls your bleeding and kills any other cancer cells with an electric needle.
Freezing your cancer cells. This is known as "cryosurgery."
Skin cancers include melanoma, basal cell, and squamous cell. Basal and squamous cell are common and treatment is very effective. Malignant melanoma can be difficult to treat. Early diagnosis and treatment can increase the survival rate from melanoma.
Ultraviolet rays. Most skin cancers are caused by too much exposure to the sun’s ultraviolet (UV) rays. The two types of UV rays that cause melanoma are UV-A and UV-B rays. UV-A rays are fairly constant throughout the year, and contribute to aging and wrinkling of the skin. UV-B rays, stronger than UV-A rays, are more intense in the summer months and are the most common cause of sunburn. The longer you are out in the sun, the more UV radiation you receive. A blistering sunburn at an early age can double a person’s chance of developing melanoma later in life.
Tanning Beds Tanning. beds emit UV rays to speed up the skin tanning process, which has made them especially popular with young people. However, exposure to tanning beds before age 30 increases a person’s risk of developing melanoma. Younger people who regularly use tanning beds are eight times more likely to develop melanoma than people who have never used them. Even occasional use of tanning beds by people under 30 increases the chances of developing melanoma.
You may not have any symptoms in the early stages of melanoma. Or a melanoma may be sore, or it may itch or bleed. Most melanomas start as a new skin growth on unmarked skin. The growth may change color, shape, or size. These types of changes are an early sign that the growth is melanoma. But melanoma can also develop in an existing mole or other mark on the skin. Or it may look like a bruise that isn't healing or show up as a brown or black streak under a fingernail or toenail.
 Merkel cell carcinoma is also called neuroendocrine carcinoma of the skin.
Immune suppression and MCC are strongly linked. Individuals whose immune systems are chronically suppressed (such as HIV patients or those who have received organ transplants and must take immune-suppressing drugs) are more than 15 times likelier to develop MCC than those who are not immunosuppressed. Merkel cell carcinoma occurs at a significantly younger age in patients with organ transplants and HIV infections;
Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) usually starts on areas of skin exposed to the sun, especially the face, neck, arms, and legs, but it can occur anywhere on the body. It often first appears as a single pink, red, or purple bump that is not usually painful. Sometimes the skin on the top of the tumor might break open and bleed. These tumors can grow quickly. They might spread as new lumps in the surrounding skin. They might also reach nearby lymph nodes (small collections of immune system cells throughout the body). Over time, the lymph nodes might grow large enough to be seen or felt as lumps under the skin (usually in the neck or under the arm). Merkel cell carcinoma is not common, and it can look like many other, more common types of skin cancer or other skin problems when it first appears. Because of this, doctors do not usually suspect MCC at first, and the diagnosisis often made only after the tumor is biopsied. It’s very important to have any new, growing, or changing lumps, bumps, or spots on your skin checked by a doctor as soon as possible so that the cause can be found and treated, if needed. The earlier any type of skin cancer is found, the more likely it can be treated effectively.
Surgery
Chemotherapy
Radiation therapy
An acoustic neuroma is also known as a schwannoma, vestibular schwannoma, or neurilemmoma.
• Arises from cells that form a protective sheath around nerve fibers
• Typically grows around the eighth cranial nerve, but can be found around other cranial or spinal nerves
• Hearing loss in one ear
• Dizziness or vertigo
• Tinnitus (ringing in the ear)
• Tingling or numbness in the face
• Walking and balance problems
• Lack of coordination
An acoustic neuroma may be observed in order to monitor its growth, or surgery may be performed. The goal of surgery is the complete removal of the tumor without harming the seventh cranial nerve (which controls facial movement) or causing hearing loss. Radiosurgery can be a viable option for many patients. This focused, high-energy radiation prevents the growth of acoustic neuromas, but actual shrinkage of the tumor may never occur or may take several months.
• Rare and low grade
• Occurs at the sacrum, near the lower tip of the spine, or at the base of the skull
• Originates from cells left over from early fetal development
• Invades the bone and soft tissues but rarely the brain tissue
• Double vision
• Headaches
Surgery and radiation therapy are the common forms of treatment. Chordomas at the base of the skull can be difficult to remove. Surgical resection may be possible if the tumor is located in the spine.
CNS Lymphoma is a type of cancer that develops in the lymphatic system. The lymphatic system is a network of small organs called lymph nodes and vessels (similar to blood vessels) that carry a clear, watery fluid called lymph throughout the body. This fluid supplies cells called lymphocytes that fight disease and infection. To correctly diagnose primary CNS Lymphoma, staging must be done. Staging is the process of using CT scanning to examine many parts of the body.
• Very aggressive
• Usually involves multiple tumors throughout the central nervous system (CNS)
• More common in people whose immune systems are compromised
• Often develops in the brain, commonly in the areas adjacent to the ventricles
• Can be primary (originating in the brain) or secondary
• Most common among men and women in their 60s-80s, but incidence is increasing in young adults
• More common in men than women
• Accounts for about two percent of all brain tumors
• Headaches
• Partial paralysis on one side of the body
• Seizures
• Cognitive or speech disorders
• Vision problems
Radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and steroids are the most common forms of treatment. Surgery is rarely an option because there are usually multiple lesions. However, a biopsy at the start of steroid treatment can be critical to ensure the correct diagnosis.
• Most common in the parasellar region, an area at the base of the brain and near the optic nerves
• Also grows in the regions of the optic nerves and the hypothalamus, near the pituitary gland
• Tends to be low grade
• Often accompanied by a cyst
• Headaches
• Visual changes
• Weight gain
• Delayed development in children
Surgery is the most common treatment. Radiation therapy may be used.


KEEPING THE FAITH (Touchstone) Starring: Ben Stiller, Edward Norton, Jenna Elfman, Anne Bancroft, Eli Wallach, Ron Rifkin. Screenplay: Stuart Blumberg. Producers: Hawk Koch, Edward Norton and Stuart Blumberg. Director: Edward Norton. MPAA Rating: PG-13 (adult themes, profanity) Runnint Time: 129 minutes. Reviewed by Scott Renshaw.
KEEPING THE FAITH is not a feature length version of the old joke about a priest and a rabbi walking into a bar ... not exactly, anyway. The set-up finds director/co-star Edward Norton exploiting exactly that concept as his character -- New York Catholic priest Brian Finn -- relates the film's story to an incredulous barkeep. It seems that Brian has been friends since childhood with Jake Schram (Ben Stiller), who grew up to become a rabbi. Their middle-school cohort also included Anna Reilly (Jenna Elfman), who moved away to California fifteen years earlier but has recently returned to New York for her job. Her return creates romantic tensions between the three friends, what with vows of chastity, Jewish/Gentile relationship conflicts and all.
There's a lot of ground to be covered in a romantic comedy that also introduces questions of faith, cultural and religious melting pots and balancing career and personal goals. And KEEPING THE FAITH seems intent on covering every last square foot of it. Brian and Jake, each in his way, sets out to shake up the complacency of their respective congregations (usually with some sort of pop culture reference point in the mix). Anna struggles with whether her go-go job as a corporate consultant has left her soulless. Characters fret over how others will perceive their decisions to cross cultural barriers. Screenwriter Stuart Blumberg dashes madly back and forth between themes, while Norton dashes madly back and forth between tones (how else to describe a sentimental romance that also includes slapstick dips in holy water fonts and the surreal inclusion of "Heroes of the Torah" trading cards?). Oh, and somewhere along the way they're supposed to fit in a love story. It's no wonder Norton felt the need to have a lightweight film clock in at two hours plus.
Thank heaven that KEEPING THE FAITH is often quite funny in its fragmented, scattershot way. Blumberg's script is ripe with good dialogue, and a couple of solidly crafted set pieces (including a Jewish American Princess date from hell). Stiller continues to build a body of comic screen work that measures up to any of his contemporaries, giving zing to Jake's self-deprecating manner. There are eye-catching bit parts, including Ken Leung in a very funny scene as a karaoke machine salesman. And there's Jenna Elfman, who has never particularly impressed me in the past except as a ball of energy. Here she's a completely convincing object of desire (even if Norton lingers on her close-ups a bit too lovingly), luminous, intelligent and driven. As one part of a romantic pairing, she's a tough act to match.
The match, as it turns out, becomes one of KEEPING THE FAITH's bigger problems. Eventually the story pairs Anna with Jake, inspiring gags surrounding Jake's fear of offending either his mother (Anne Bancroft) or his more conservative congregation members by dating a Gentile. The premise is sound enough, but Stiller never looks comfortable as a romantic lead. In fact, there's more plausible chemistry between Elfman and Norton, and not just because both actors are blonde -- the pairing we're expected to root for just doesn't seem like a particularly good combination of personalities. How much more interesting -- and daring -- KEEPING THE FAITH might have been if the film had suggested Anna was merely sublimating her desire for Brian with Jake, making for much tougher choices at the film's conclusion.
That's probably too much to ask from a film that, at its core, is a fairly fluffy Hollywood confection. It's another one of those love poems to New York as the place where nice Jewish boys meet the goys of their dreams, like ANNIE HALL or WHEN HARRY MET SALLY only less effective as romance or comedy (though more than a match in romanticized Manhattan skyline shots). It's certainly a pleasant enough diversion, good for more than enough chuckles to make it worth a look, but it's surprisingly timid for a film that tries to cover so many thematic elements. It's also a lot warmer 'n' fuzzier than you'd expect from the cinematic equivalent of "a priest and a rabbi walk into a bar..."
On the Renshaw scale of 0 to 10 ecclesiashticks: 6.
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