review_requested
by Kevin Reiss at 2022-01-28 16:25:08.referenced
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 16:26:16.merged
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 16:26:17.closed
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 16:26:17.head_ref_deleted
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 16:26:18.deployed
by None at 2022-01-28 18:26:07.required elements are: RecordID — has to be an NMToken MainenanceHistory (one or more maintenance events) MaintenanceStatus --> this is in RecordInfor MaintenanceAgency --> AgencyName
This is currently blocked because the current release of ASpace uses an invalid (and not locally editable) controlled value list for MaintenanceStatus. Need to defer until the next release (May 2022).
labeled
by None at 2022-01-28 13:10:44.awaiting for input values (SC has a report in hand)
labeled
by None at 2022-01-28 13:12:16.this will be addressed by #117 #118 #119
closed
by None at 2022-01-28 13:13:07.reopened
by None at 2022-01-28 13:13:37.closed
by None at 2022-01-28 13:14:23.referenced
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 14:05:37.merged
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 14:05:38.closed
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 14:05:38.closed by https://github.com/pulibrary/aspace_helpers/pull/120
referenced
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 14:05:39.closed
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 14:06:39.referenced
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 14:10:20.merged
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 14:10:20.closed
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 14:10:20.I indexed 3000 temporary locations. I exported the records from the alma sandbox. We reviewed some records with @mzelesky and so far it looks good. some examples: https://catalog-staging.princeton.edu/catalog/99106480053506421 (852 with no 876s)
https://catalog-staging.princeton.edu/catalog/99122643653506421/ (6 holdings but only 3 holdings have items. check the alma sandbox to confirm. one is a temporary res location ) 3 holdings will show up in the record page.
head_ref_force_pushed
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 01:01:39.head_ref_force_pushed
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 15:33:12.deployed
by None at 2022-01-28 15:56:15.deployed
by None at 2022-01-28 16:02:23.head_ref_force_pushed
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 16:09:24.deployed
by None at 2022-01-28 16:18:28.mentioned
by None at 2022-01-28 21:51:58.subscribed
by None at 2022-01-28 21:51:58.head_ref_force_pushed
by Christina Chortaria at 2022-01-28 22:11:12.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 15:03:54.I am going to close this and ensure that this is reopened if the user reports that additional actions are needed.
closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 19:49:25.assigned
by Kate Lynch at 2022-01-28 19:51:49.referenced
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-27 22:14:09.merged
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-27 22:14:09.closed
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-27 22:14:10.head_ref_deleted
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-27 22:14:10.closed
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-27 22:14:10.head_ref_deleted
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-28 16:14:25.head_ref_deleted
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-28 16:14:29.labeled
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 18:23:55.assigned
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-28 18:23:55.assigned
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 18:23:55.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 18:24:26.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 19:07:13.Eliot and I poked around a little, and this is happening fairly often. We found at least two cases where the derivative file failed to upload to S3 and the job happily succeeded, resulting in no IIIF display for that image.
labeled
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 18:30:17.labeled
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 18:31:08.head_ref_force_pushed
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 19:07:14.labeled
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-28 22:07:53.assigned
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-28 22:07:53.labeled
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-28 22:10:29.deployed
by None at 2022-01-28 22:10:58.@tpendragon Converted to drop down:
labeled
by Eliot Jordan at 2022-01-28 22:32:27.deployed
by None at 2022-01-28 22:35:07.mentioned
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 23:07:40.subscribed
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 23:07:40.head_ref_deleted
by Hector Correa at 2022-01-28 16:57:07.deployed
by None at 2022-01-28 16:21:08.ready_for_review
by Hector Correa at 2022-01-28 16:23:00.referenced
by Bess Sadler at 2022-01-28 19:03:09.merged
by Bess Sadler at 2022-01-28 19:03:09.closed
by Bess Sadler at 2022-01-28 19:03:10.head_ref_deleted
by Bess Sadler at 2022-01-28 19:03:10.assigned
by Hector Correa at 2022-01-28 16:57:45.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 20:37:04.deployed
by None at 2022-01-28 20:35:03.referenced
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 20:37:04.merged
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 20:37:04.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 20:37:04.head_ref_deleted
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 20:37:05.referenced
by Francis Kayiwa at 2022-01-28 12:44:53.merged
by Francis Kayiwa at 2022-01-28 12:44:53.closed
by Francis Kayiwa at 2022-01-28 12:44:53.head_ref_deleted
by Francis Kayiwa at 2022-01-28 12:44:54.renamed
by Trey Pendragon at 2022-01-28 19:47:18.Note to Future Me:
The openjdk
role listed a dependency on common
.
The saxon
role listed a dependency on openjdk
, with no other depedencies.
When I deleted the dependency in the openjdk
role, the saxon
role tests failed with a missing package failure.
I'm betting this means that the saxon
tests need to run the common
role, and did not. So I've added a dependency on common
to the saxon
role (and also to the zookeeper
role, which had the same single dependency on openjdk
). If both pass CI, I will understand more about how all this fits together.
head_ref_force_pushed
by Alicia Cozine at 2022-01-28 20:25:14.head_ref_force_pushed
by Alicia Cozine at 2022-01-28 20:31:03.head_ref_force_pushed
by Alicia Cozine at 2022-01-28 20:32:00.assigned
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-27 22:06:33.labeled
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-27 22:06:41.closed
by Shaun Ellis at 2022-01-28 20:03:18.assigned
by Shaun Ellis at 2022-01-28 20:03:43.This has been resolved!
closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 15:07:34.https://github.com/jrgriffiniii/browse-everything1.2/commit/5860a8296ffaa371a0ce846619c4014416db4019 introduces some basic level of integration with the File System provider, and https://github.com/jrgriffiniii/browse-everything1.2/commit/e34f0425d3ea13cd94e4f42abebe2e202c9f623b introduces some styling improvements.
Please find a preview of these updates here:
Due to an error, I did not close this when it was moved into the Done
column.
closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2022-01-28 19:50:41.


| multicore {future} | R Documentation |
A multicore future is a future that uses multicore evaluation, which means that its value is computed and resolved in parallel in another process.
multicore( ..., workers = availableCores(constraints = "multicore"), envir = parent.frame() )
... |
Additional arguments passed to |
workers |
A positive numeric scalar or a function specifying the maximum number of parallel futures that can be active at the same time before blocking. If a function, it is called without arguments when the future is created and its value is used to configure the workers. The function should return a numeric scalar. |
envir |
The environment from where global objects should be identified. |
This function will block if all cores are occupied and
will be unblocked as soon as one of the already running
multicore futures is resolved. For the total number of
cores available including the current/main R process, see
availableCores()
.
Not all operating systems support process forking and thereby not multicore
futures. For instance, forking is not supported on Microsoft Windows.
Moreover, process forking may break some R environments such as RStudio.
Because of this, the future package disables process forking also in
such cases. See supportsMulticore()
for details.
Trying to create multicore futures on non-supported systems or when
forking is disabled will result in multicore futures falling back to
becoming sequential futures.
The preferred way to create an multicore future is not to call
this function directly, but to register it via
plan(multicore)
such that it becomes the default
mechanism for all futures. After this future()
and %<-%
will create multicore futures.
A MulticoreFuture
If workers == 1
, then all processing using done in the
current/main R session and we therefore fall back to using
an sequential future. This is also the case whenever multicore
processing is not supported, e.g. on Windows.
For processing in multiple background R sessions, see multisession futures.
Use availableCores()
to see the total number of
cores that are available for the current R session.
Use availableCores("multicore") > 1L
to check
whether multicore futures are supported or not on the current
system.
## Use multicore futures plan(multicore) ## A global variable a <- 0 ## Create future (explicitly) f <- future({ b <- 3 c <- 2 a * b * c }) ## A multicore future is evaluated in a separate forked ## process. Changing the value of a global variable ## will not affect the result of the future. a <- 7 print(a) v <- value(f) print(v) stopifnot(v == 0)


System Architect Picture "Physical Resource For Activity"
Parent Diagram:
Actual Resource For Activity
(OMT Object Model)


Selected caches will appear on the right click context menu
Google Cache
Wayback Machine
Coral CDN
Drag these caches in preferential order. When you click the WebCache button, it will cycle through these caches until finding the current web page.
DDOS Protection. Would you like for WebCache to automatically detect when a web page is down and load a cached copy? This is still an experimental feature, and you can report issues here


Pakistani man jailed for Dutch anti-Islam MP Geert Wilders' murder plot
by AFPTHE HAGUE: A Dutch court sentenced a Pakistani man to 10 years behind bars on Monday for planning to assassinate anti-Islam politician Geert Wilders over his plan to hold a contest of blasphemous caricatures depicting the Holy Prophet Muhammad (PBUH).
The man, identified as Junaid I. by local media, was arrested in August 2018 at a train station in The Hague after he posted a film on Facebook in which he said he wanted to “send Wilders to hell” and urged others to help.
Judges at The Hague’s district court found the 27-year-old man, who had travelled from France, guilty of “planning a murder with a terrorist motive” and “incitement to commit a terrorist deed”.
“The suspect more than once said that Wilders’ death would be a good deed,” said presiding judge Jan van Steen, who added four years in jail to the six years sought by the prosecution.
“Furthermore, the suspect wanted to commit the murder in one of the parliamentary buildings, the heart of Dutch democracy,” Van Steen said, adding, “The court is alarmed that the suspect… declared that this case will boost his image in Pakistan.”
The suspect had denied any terror-related motives.
He said during the trial that he was “peace-loving” and had only travelled to the Netherlands from France to protest against Wilders’ cartoon competition.
The Facebook video was seen by more than 153,000 people and shared 14,000 times.
Far-right leader Wilders cancelled his plans two days later to stage a cartoon competition, a move that angered many Muslims around the globe.
The court did not say how Junaid I. planned to kill Wilders but found that in a bugged phone call after his arrest he said he took “specific things with him… without which his mission would not be complete”.
He had also walked round with a “large backpack, which he did not have when he was arrested” and lied about what it contained, the judges said.


|**
occupant
terrarium
prime meridians
walls doors and windows
gloved hand
reflex
-1
long leash
syrena
terminal
one large rooms
***|


On Fire: The Case for the Green New Deal by Klein, Naomi
Amazing. I had never read anything by Naomi Klein before, which I now realise is a mistake. She’s awesome, and this book is very inspiring. Can’t say enough good things about it. Read it now!
Last year I put together a list of the books that I read. I thought I’d keep the tradition going this year.
So, here we go, the books that I finished this year, in no particular order.
On Fire: The Case for the Green New Deal by Klein, Naomi
Amazing. I had never read anything by Naomi Klein before, which I now realise is a mistake. She’s awesome, and this book is very inspiring. Can’t say enough good things about it. Read it now!
Finding the Heart of the Nation - The Journey of the Uluru Statement towards Voice, Treaty and Truth by Mayor, Thomas
Thoughtful, well-written and a very interesting read. I’m taking my time with this one; and am still reading it, but it’s nice to let the stories settle in your mind. This book is about the journey towards creating the Uluru Statement From The Heart, and a subsequent journey of taking the statement around Australia, and talking with people about what it means to them, and what their life and experience has been.
I’ve learned a significant amount of history from this book that I’d never been exposed to before. I like this book so much it’s permanently linked in the footer of this website.
The Age of Surveillance Capitalism: The Fight for a Human Future at the New Frontier of Power by Zuboff, Shoshana
Incredible book. Amazingly well-researched, and highlights many issues that have bothered me for many years, but I’ve never been able to express well. It’s a huge read, but absolutely worth your time. Highly recommended to anyone working in AI or with data and people.
Community and Privacy: Toward a New Architecture of Humanism by Chermayeff, Serge
A weird one, but good if you’re a fan of the work of Christopher Alexander and collaborators. I got a lot out of this, in terms of how to think about the relationships between “a list of tasks” and “a coherent grouping of those tasks into an atomic item”, but that’s an idea for another blog post.
Refugee Rights and Policy Wrongs: A frank, up-to-date guide by experts by Chong, Fiona
Great, and informative, and of course infuriating. I learned a lot about the policy around refugess, and just how unfair it is.
The Power Of Hope by Karapanagiotidis, Kon
Interesting read. Read this after visiting the ASRC a few months ago. I’m always inspired by people that dedicated their lives to helping people so fully.
Gut: The Inside Story of Our Body’s Most Underrated Organ by Enders, Giulia
Not bad. Has some practical advice and thoughts on gut health and bacteria.
How Powerful We Are: Behind the scenes with one of Australia’s leading activists by Rugg, Sally
Interesting behind-the-scenes view into the politics and campaigning around marriage equality. I think it’s always aggravatingly frustrating to hear what happens around these campaigns, but nice to know that there are good and thoughtful people involved.
The Tao of Leadership: Lao Tzu’s Tao Te Ching Adapted for a New Age by Heider, John
Not bad; very quick read, I kind of like things like this, but only insofaras it agress with a lot of the other buddhism books I’ve been reading.
Trick Mirror: Reflections on Self-Delusion by Tolentino, Jia
Not bad. This was one of the books we picked up at the Broadside festival. It’s a nice collection of topical essays.
Thick: And Other Essays by Cottom, Tressie McMillan
Personally, I found most of these essays hard to relate to, but at least it was interesting to get a viewpoint that I don’t normally never have access to.
The Seven Necessary Sins for Women and Girls by Eltahawy, Mona
Amazing book, and again you should read this now! Mona has a very powerful viewpoint and message, and I like the way she communicates.
Sand Talk: How Indigenous Thinking Can Save the World by Yunkaporta, Tyson
I found this one quirky, controversial, and a bit interesting. He makes some interesting points, and overall I think it’s a useful read, but it might be a bit too strange for a lot of people.
Permanent Record by Snowden, Edward
This book is very “american”, but I didn’t mind, and I find it very interesting to think of the kind of decisions Snowden had to make, and in effect making a moral decision that cost him his freedom. Worth reading.
No Friend But the Mountains: Writing from Manus Prison by Boochani, Behrouz
Really an amazing read. It blew my mind to learn that he wasn’t free at the time the book is published. This is really fascinating for what it reveals, and also the style of writing, combined with poetry, that I found really interesting.
Solitary by Woodfox, Albert
I read this immediately following No Friend But the Mountains, and as a result it was a bit interesting. No Friend has a distinc style, and this one doesn’t, but this was a very revealing story for the kind of mistreatment that black people have suffered in America, and especially as it relates to the Black Panthers. Worth reading.
Bad Blood: Secrets and Lies in a Silicon Valley Startup by Carreyrou, John
I was just shocked basically the whole time I read this book. I’m amazed (kind of) that this company survived for so long. The main thing I learned from this book was to watch out for the fact that just because people you trust are on the Board of Directors, don’t trust the company! Maybe they are paid, or maybe they don’t know all the details. Horrible company. Worth reading.
Milk and Honey by Kaur, Rupi
Poetry never used to be my thing, but this isn’t bad reading.
After Piketty: The Agenda for Economics and Inequality by Boushey, Heather
This is a collection of essays reacting to the ideas presented in a recent famous book in economics by Thomas Piketty. I haven’t read the original book, Capitalism in the Twenty-First Century, so I was not sure how I’d find this one. In the end, I only made it part the way through. I think a few of the articles were interesting, but a lot of it seemed to be kind of in-fighting between other economists who wanted their ideas heard of Piketty. Might be worth a glance for the hard-core economics fan, but I’m not sure I’ll ever finish it.
Start Where You Are: A Guide to Compassionate Living by Chödrön, Pema
I really love this book, and all others by Pema. She has great thoughts on how to convert pain and suffering into tools for personal growth.
White Tears/Brown Scars by Hamad, Ruby
Amazing reading. In this book Ruby tackles the difficult topic of racism within feminism. Very much in line with the book of Mona; I got a quite a lot out of this book.
A City is Not a Tree by Alexander, Christopher W.
A short, quirky one. Someone at a meetup I went to early in the year recommended it to me. Probably only worth reading from Christopher Alexander fans.
So You Want to Talk About Race by Oluo, Ijeoma
Pretty good. This was assigned as part of a book club at OC House. I enjoyed it, and it has some useful tools for those who want to be able to talk confidently about race and racism.
Invisible Women: Data Bias in a World Designed for Men by Criado-Pérez, Caroline
Amazing reading. Very relevant for the world of machine learning and AI. In particular this made me think a lot about when it’s appropriate to gather “sex-disaggregated” data (i.e. recording sex, or ignoring it). If you’re working in AI, definitely worth reading.
When Things Fall Apart: Heart Advice for Difficult Times by Chödrön, Pema
My favourite Pema Chödrön book, and suitable for every day life. I’ve lent this one to a friend, and I can’t wait to have it back so I can read it again!
Notes on the Synthesis of Form by Alexander, Christopher W.
A cult classic among Christopher Alexander enthusiasts. It’s kind of hard reading, but it has a key point about abstraction and design and complexity that is really interesting, that I’m stilling trying to make sense of in my head.
Arctic Dreams and Horizon by Lopez, Barry
I loved these books, and found them incredibly inspiring. They both convey the idea and importantance of indigenous and local knowledge, and the search for meaning in place. Very poetically written.
Old Path White Clouds: Walking in the Footsteps of the Buddha by Thích Nhất Hạnh
A very solid book, only for those really interested in the story of the Buddha. I found this book interesting and amusing. It’s funny to me to see the Buddha presented as a kind of “genius child” good at sports and thinking and sword-fighting. Despite that, I got a lot out of this book.
Debt: The First 5,000 Years by Graeber, David
Another one that was assigned by the OC House reading group. I found it odd, but also quite fascinating. It covers the origin of money, and the idea of “the myth of barter”, which I believed myself, before reading this book.
Brave by McGowan, Rose
Interesting and disturbing to read about Rose’s life, and the abuse she suffered in Hollywood. She’s an interesting person, and is just interested in making things better for people coming after her.
She Said: Breaking the Sexual Harassment Story That Helped Ignite a Movement by Kantor, Jodi and Twohey, Megan
Covers the story of Harvey Weinstein, and also Brett Kavanaugh, and the lives of the women that brought up claims against them. I couldn’t put this one down. It was quite shocking to learn of all the confidential pay-offs made in order to silence the victims, and the basically criminal compnents of those agreements which prevents people from ever speaking out. It’s also totally astounding to learn of the terrible people that work with these abusers to cover up their behaviour. It’s actually some of the same laywers that were involved in the Bad Blood story!
Ultimately, shows the power of speaking up, as a group, but also the risks and difficultities of coming to such a decision.
Catch and Kill: Lies, Spies, and a Conspiracy to Protect Predators by Farrow, Ronan
Also covers Harvey Weinstein, but also Matt Lauer and (briefly) Trump. I read this following the “She Said” book. Both are good, and really demonstrate the completely horrible environment that was, and probably still is, present in many of these entertainment companies, and again the power of collective action and of investigative journalism in general.
The Guilty Feminist: From Our Noble Goals to Our Worst Hypocrisies by Frances-white, Deborah
Funny and enjoyable reading. I definitely have my own guilty feminist moments.
Falter: Has the Human Game Begun to Play Itself Out? by McKibben, Bill
I started reading this one because I found out that some of the 350.org team were based in my co-working space at OC House. It’s about climate change, but also covers a few other technologies that seek to fundamentally change what it means to be human. I found his coverage of AI to be a bit weak; but I think it’s always hard to be an expert in so many fields, when you try and make such broad-reaching statements. Overall, I found it good, but I’d recommend “On Fire”, over this one, if you’re looking for optimisim.
One of the interesting points I take away from this is his comment that nonviolent campaigning is an important “technology” that we should harness. I really like this idea. And, of course, we should use solar panels everywhere!
The Snow Leopard by Matthiessen, Peter
I picked this one up from the local bookstore in North Melbourne on a whim. I’ve not read many classics, but this one seemed interesting in that it combines my (new) love of travel writing and buddhist-style books. I really enjoyed this book, despite it being a bit dated. It’s especially cool to go and look up the places that they travelled on and see pictures!
Well worth reading, especially if you’re into other peoples journeys into Buddhism.
The Hate U Give by Thomas, Angie
Really great story. Loved it.
Magician (The Riftwar Saga, #1-2) by Feist, Raymond E.
A classic that I’d never read. Not bad.
The Final Empire (Mistborn, #1), The Well of Ascension (Mistborn, #2), and The Hero of Ages (Mistborn, #3) by Sanderson, Brandon
Actually quite enjoyable. Would definitely recommend.
New Spring (Wheel of Time, #0) by Jordan, Robert
The Wheel of Time series were the first books I ever read, as an adult, so they have a special place in my heart, even though the books are a bit dated now. I enjoyed this simple prequel.
Elantris by Sanderson, Brandon
Simple, but enjoyable, stand-alone story.
Redshirts by Scalzi, John
Wasn’t a big fan of this one. The idea was good, but the book itself was quite sexist, and ultimately a bit boring.
Snapshot by Sanderson, Brandon
Not bad, but not amazing. I think there was just a cute idea here, that was explored in an interesting way.
The City in the Middle of the Night by Anders, Charlie Jane
I quite liked this one, it was definitely unique, as the reviews say.


Welcome to the CMAPS website.
The code variable 'focus' in the container has the value: {{ mainC.focus }}


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In addition to that, each class inherits the properties of its base class, so that the base features will be available to you at any time.
Below is the list of classes:
jqGrid Class
jqGridEdit Class
jqGridRender Class
Here is the hierarchy of the classes
jqGrid | --jqGridEdit | --jqGridRender
jqGrid is the base class and provides some of the functionality, jqGridEdit extends on that and provides editing capabilities, jqGridRender extends jqGridEdit and provides all grid features plus automatic generation of Javascript and HTML placeholders required by the grid. In this respect, jqGridRender is the most advanced class and requires the minimal amount of coding, however in certain situations you may find jqGrid and jqGridEdit more convenient to use based on the context.


8.1.4 Input-Output System
The internals of the I/O subsystem have been completely
redesigned. The new version should be faster while at the same time
providing more functionality and more consistent behavior between
operating systems and between stream types.
The semantics of character codes has been fixed as (a superset of)
Unicode. Redefining the meaning of character codes is no longer
supported.
New features and changes to the SICStus streams (SP_stream
)
include:
- Streams are binary or text also at the lowest level, e.g. in the C
API, and there are separate operations for performing I/O of bytes and
characters.
- Streams have a layered design. This makes it possible to add character
set translation and other transformations (compression, encryption,
automatic character set detection, ...) to any stream.
- All streams provide non-blocking operations and are interruptible,
e.g. with ^C (`SIGINT'). This is also true for file
streams and under Windows.
- Subject to OS limitations, file names can use Unicode and be of
arbitrary length. In particular, under Windows, the Unicode API is used
for all operations.
- Limits on file size, file time stamps etc have been removed.
- Error handling has been simplified and made more consistent. In the C
API all I/O operations return an error code from a rich set of error
codes. Errors during write and close operations are no longer ignored.
- It is possible to wait for I/O ready (both for read and write) on any
type of stream. This works for all platforms, including
Windows. Select operations waits for the appropriate item type, e.g.
until a whole (possibly multi-byte) character can be transferred on a
text stream.
Other minor changes
- Now
byte_count/2
can be called only on binary streams.
Send feedback on this subject.


{{- partialCached "core/sharedHead.html" . -}} {{/* NOTE: the Site's title, and if there is a page title, that is set too */}}


The top level Network module. The Network module is used accessing Networking related functionality.
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| Titanium.Network.HTTPClient | The HttpClient instance returned from Titanium.Network.createHTTPClient. This object (mostly) implements the XMLHttpRequest specification. |
| Name | Description |
|---|---|
| addConnectivityListener | adds a connectivity listener to listen for network changes. This method has been deprecated in favor of listening for a `change` event. |
| addEventListener | add an event listener for the instance to receive view triggered events |
| createHTTPClient | create and return an instance of Titanium.Network.HTTPClient |
| decodeURIComponent | decode a URI component part using URI encoding |
| encodeURIComponent | encode a URI component part using URI encoding |
| fireEvent | fire a synthesized event to the views listener |
| registerForPushNotifications | register for push notifications with the Apple Push Notification Service. Only available on iPhone. |
| removeConnectivityListener | removes a connectivity listener. This method has been deprecated in favor of listening for a `change` event. |
| removeEventListener | remove a previously added event listener |
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| NETWORK_LAN | int | constant value to indicate that the network is LAN |
| NETWORK_MOBILE | int | constant value to indicate that the network is MOBILE |
| NETWORK_NONE | int | constant value to indicate that the network is not available |
| NETWORK_UNKNOWN | int | constant value to indicate that the network is not known |
| NETWORK_WIFI | int | constant value to indicate that the network is WIFI |
| NOTIFICATION_TYPE_ALERT | int | constant value for the push notification alert type |
| NOTIFICATION_TYPE_BADGE | int | constant value for the push notification badge type |
| NOTIFICATION_TYPE_SOUND | int | constant value for the push notification sound type |
| networkType | int | the network type value as a constant. |
| networkTypeName | string | the network type name constant. Returns one of NONE, WIFI, LAN or MOBILE. |
| online | boolean | readonly boolean value that indicates if the network is reachable to the Internet either via WIFI or Carrier network |
| remoteDeviceUUID | string | the remote device UUID if the device was registered with the Apple Push Notification Service or null if not set. Only available on iPhone. |
| remoteNotificationTypes | array | returns an array of network type constants enabled for the application. Only available on iPhone. |
| remoteNotificationsEnabled | boolean | returns true if remote notifications have been enabled. Only available on iPhone. |
| Name | Description | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| change |
fired upon a network connectivity change
Event properties
|


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IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUDICATURE AT PATNA Civil Writ Jurisdiction Case No.9064 of 2013 ====================================================== 1. M/S U.A.L. Industries Ltd. Through Its Executive Director, Sri Kaushalelsh Nandan Prasad Sinha (K.N.P. Sinha) S/O Late S.N.P. Sinha Resident Of 16, Mayfair Road, Kolkata- 700019 (West Bengal) A Company Incorporated Under The Companies Act Having One Of Its Upcoming Unit namely U.A.L. Bihar At Village Chak Sultan, Rampur Rajdhari, District- Vaishali (Bihar) .... .... Petitioner/s Versus 1. The State Of Bihar through The Chief Secretary, Govt. Of Bihar, Patna. 2. The Principal Secretary, Department Of Industries, Govt. Of Bihar, Patna. 3. The District Magistrate, Vaishali at Hajipur. 4. The Superintendent Of Police, Vaishali At Hajipur. 5. The Station House Officer (S. H.O), Police Station- Mahua, District- Vaishali. 6. Chairman, Bihar State Pollution Control Board, Beltron Bhawan, Lal Bahadur Shastri Nagar, Patna. 7. Member Secretary, Bihar State Pollution Control Board, Beltron Bhawan, Lal Bahadur Shastri Nagar, Patna. 8. Central Pollution Control Board, through its Chairman, Parivesh Bhawan, C.B.D.-cum-Office Complex, East Arjun Nagar, Delhi-110032. .... .... Respondent/s ====================================================== Appearance : For the Petitioner/s : Mr. Vinod Kanth, Sr. Adv. Mr. Mukul Sinha, Adv. For the Respondent/s : Mr. Shivendra Kishore, Adv. Mrs. Binita Singh, Adv. Mr. Abhimanyu Sharma, Adv. For Respondent No.8 : Mr. Umesh Narayan Dubey, Adv. ====================================================== CORAM: HONOURABLE MR. JUSTICE JAYANANDAN SINGH ORAL ORDER
8 19-08-2013 After marathon arguments for days, this Court has felt the necessity to involve the Central Pollution Control Board (for short „the Central Board‟) in the matter only because this Court has now gathered an impression that the actions of the Bihar State Pollution Control Board (for short „the State Board‟), at least in this matter, have not been above board. The word Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 2/12 „Board‟ used for it is, in a way, misnomer, as, on a resolution of only five members present, out of twelve, taken as far back as on 22.04.1986, the Chairman stands delegated to exercise all the power of the State Board, as it had then. The original records of the State Board, connected with the present case, produced by the learned counsel and perused by the Court, showed that, there was hardly any independent application of mind by the Chairman in the matter at any point of time, apart from endorsing the notings of his subordinates by putting his initials only or just by putting a note „as proposed‟. Coupled with this state of affairs there, its vacillating stand, first supporting the case of the petitioner company all the way, on the basis of facts and figures collected in an inspection held by its officials, before the Division Bench in a P.I.L, filed on behalf of the residents of the locality, represented by the petitioners there and the intervenors here, and also its stand in favour of the petitioner before the Ministry of Environment and Forest, Government of India, and then a total somersault in its stand here, supporting the stand of the residents of the locality, on the basis of an exparte „surprise inspection‟ held on their protests/representations, shows that the functionaries of the State Board cannot, at least, be taken to be immune from influences and pressures, so as to earn confidence of this Court for deciding the Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 3/12 issues in the case on their affidavits and reports. As the situation now appears to exist, the State Board, having become defunct by delegating its powers to the Chairman, is, in fact, being run by the subordinate officials, with mechanical approval of the proposed actions/decisions by its Chairman. Above all, the delegation of all the powers of the Board to the Chairman by five members, out of twelve, and giving him absolute authority, prima facie, itself may be in the teeth of, and contrary to, the spirit and purpose of section 4 of the Water (Prevention & Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, laying down for constitution of the Board by members with varied experiences and from different sections.
It was not a difficult proposition to pin down the State Board to its earlier stand, presented before the Division Bench, supporting the petitioner company on affidavit, under the principles of promissory estoppel, but for the fact that the matter relates to sensitive arena of environmental pollution and likely health hazard, for time immemorial, to the people of the State in general and the residents of the locality in particular. Hence, this Court is of the opinion that, the legal fiction not withstanding that „a court is expert of all experts‟, it should not attempt to take a plunge into the field by super-imposing its opinions and findings in the matter, which should be left only for an expert body. Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 4/12
The State Board has laid down some norms, in the form of a „Guidelines‟, which may or may not be statutory, but has been held valid by another Division Bench of this Court. Hence the same has to be followed by all entrepreneurs proposing to set up any industry to which the Guidelines may be applicable. At least this much is clear that these „Guidelines‟ are meant for protection of environment and prevention of possible health hazard to the people for generations. In the circumstances, this Court is really surprised with the stand of the State Board that the norms have been relaxed for the two other asbestos manufacturing units in operation from before, only on the ground that they are running in the respective industrial areas. Does it mean that, in spite of the entire State of Bihar having been declared „Air Pollution Control Area‟ long back, the industries running in the industrial areas in the State are not required to follow the norms and are permitted to cause environmental pollution and health hazard to the people residing around the industrial areas and to their coming generations ? Does any pollution control board, in the present case, represented by one individual only, has, or should have, the power to relax the norms, meant to control environmental pollution and safeguard the humanity from health hazards and any recurrence of Bhopal Gas Tragedy ? Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 5/12
In these circumstances, this Court has no other option than to fall back upon the Central Pollution Control Board, the only body upon which this Court can place reliance for assistance in the matter. Accordingly, on the request made by this Court, learned counsel for the petitioner has added Central Board with its appropriate description as party respondent no.8 in this case.
It was informed to this Court that Mr. Umesh Narayan Dubey, learned counsel is in the panel of Central Board and represents the Board in this Court in the matters in which it is a party. Accordingly, on the request of this Court, he is present in the Court and accepts notice on behalf of the Central Board for necessary communication of this order and a copy of the pleadings to the Central Board.
After careful consideration of the matters in which this Court requires assistance of the Central Board, this Court formulates some queries for the Central Board to answer and issues some directions for it and others to comply. They are:-
(i) - Whether the norms contained in the Guidelines framed by the State Board are in conformity with all India norms and with the same yardsticks and the same requirement of specifications for establishment of an Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 6/12 industry ?
(ii) - Whether any State Pollution Control Board has the liberty to relax the norms in favour of any industry, already running or about to be established, in an industrial area, or elsewhere ?
(iii) - The Central Board shall also take into account the provisions of Item 27 of Schedule-I of the Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986, providing for parameters for emissions for all types of Asbestos manufacturing units and shall express its opinion regarding its effect and import on established norms for setting up of an Asbestos manufacturing unit as applicable in the Country.
(iv) - The Central Board is directed to constitute a committee of at least five of its qualified and experienced officers.
(v) - The said Committee shall draw up a programme to visit the site of the petitioner for inspection, preferably on a holiday.
(vi) - The said Committee shall inform its programme to the State Board, the District Magistrate, Vaishali, the Superintendent of Police Vaishali and the District & Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 7/12 Sessions Judge, Vaishali.
(vii) - The District Magistrate shall co-ordinate and shall see to it that the Committee of the Central Board is given all assistance and all facilities during its visit and in the inspection of the site of the petitioner.
(viii) - The Superintendent of Police, Vaishali shall see to it that there is no hindrance to the said Committee in the visit of the site of the petitioner and its inspection. He shall particularly see that no member of public creates any unruly scene on the site and during the inspection and shall, if necessary, cordon off such area for such time as may be required.
(ix) - The District and Session Judge, Vaishali is requested to depute a judicial officer, of the rank of Additional District and Session Judge to witness the entire visit and inspection of the site of the petitioner by the said Committee. After the completion of inspection, he shall submit his report, through the District and Session Judge, Vaishali, to this Court in this case, in a sealed cover within a week, in which he shall also report about the persons present during the inspection.
(x) - The Committee shall identify the location of the source Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 8/12 of emission/ Chimney and the battery area of the proposed unit of the petitioner, in reference to the revised plan submitted by the petitioner before the Division Bench and available in a sealed cover with Sri Shivendra Kishore, learned counsel for the State Board, and hold the inspection of the site and take measurements in the back ground of the established norms for setting up an asbestos manufacturing unit.
(xi) - The said Committee shall submit its report, with its recommendations in respect of establishment of petitioner‟s industry, to this Court in this case, preferably within one month from today.
(xii) - During the inspection by the said Committee, one representative of the State Board, one representative of the petitioner along with its technical staff to aid and assist shall and Sri Shivendra Kishore, learned counsel of the State Board and Sri Mukul Sinha, learned counsel for the petitioner, if they desire, may be present to witness the inspection.
At this stage Mr. Kanth, learned senior counsel appearing for the petitioner, submits that it must be clear that this order is being passed by this Court only for its assistance by the Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 9/12 Central Board and should not be treated as a concession or to have been passed with the agreement of the petitioner. He also submits that the impugned notice was issued to the petitioner only on account of alleged violation of norms of distance found in the inspection held on 10.4.2013 and the impugned order recalling „No Objection Certificate‟ (NOC) was also passed accordingly. Hence, any enquiry by the Committee of the Central Board should be confined only to the measurement of the distance and not beyond that. He also submits that, permitting the Committee to hold inspection in reference to the established norms shall amount to opening the entire matter again, which shall be in the realm of public interest and beyond the orders of the Division Bench.
This Court is unable to accept the said submissions of Mr. Kanth. As indicated in this order earlier, this Court has found that the conduct of the State Board in the matter did not appear to be above board. This only has necessitated involvement of the Central Board in the matter. Hence it will not be proper for this Court to disbelieve only that part of the report of the State Board which is against the petitioner and accept the part which may be in its favour. Hence, in the opinion of this Court, the said Committee of the Central Board is necessarily required to be given a free hand in inspection, measurement and report in the Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 10/12 matter. Moreover, in view of the order of the Division Bench, petitioner was also at liberty to approach it in the said PIL itself to enable the Division Bench to monitor the matter. But instead of approaching the Division Bench, petitioner itself has chosen to file this fresh writ application in this Court. Hence, it cannot raise a grievance that this Court is taking the matter to the realm of public interest or proceeding beyond the orders of the Division Bench, by passing this order in the circumstances elaborated above.
Mr. Kanth had earlier also drawn the attention of this Court to the communication of the Ministry of Environment and Forest dated 23.2.2012 to the petitioner giving its clearance with conditions and also enclosing a copy of the minutes of the Expert Appraisal Committee held in its meeting dated 26-27th September, 2011. He has drawn the attention of this Court to the said documents today also. He submits that the said Expert Appraisal Committee had in fact visited and inspected the site of the petitioner on 15th of September, 2011 during the pendency of the PIL and had recorded its conclusions and recommendations in which it had found the project site as per the siting guidelines of the State Board. However, he accepted that the said Committee, during its inspection of the site, had visualized the distance of Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 11/12 school, State highway, hospital, road etc. from the battery limit using the Google map only and had taken into account the materials placed before it by the State Board and on that basis had found the unit conforming to all the norms. He submits that, now that the issue, which has cropped up on the basis of said surprise inspection, is only with respect to the distance criteria and nothing else. Hence the inspection of the said Committee of the Central Board should be confined to taking measurements only and should not be directed to hold the inspection "in the back ground of the established norms for setting up an asbestos manufacturing unit".
This Court has indicated earlier that the conduct of the State Board and its officials have been such that it is difficult for this Court to place reliance on facts and figures containing in their affidavits and documents. Hence, this Court considers that instead of confining the inspection by the said Committee of the Central Board only to measurement of the distances, it is appropriate that it should hold inspection in the light of the established norms for setting up of Asbestos manufacturing industry as applicable in the Country. Hence, the objection of Mr. Kanth with regard to direction of this Court to the said Committee for "inspection in the back ground of established norms" is Patna High Court CWJC No.9064 of 2013 (8) dt.19-08-2013 12/12 rejected.
Lastly, this Court makes it clear that the observations made in this order are only on the basis of the submissions and materials placed by the learned counsels for the parties in the case so far, and they should not be taken as final opinion or findings of this Court on any issue and should not be referred as such.
Put up on 19th of September, 2013 at 2.15 P.M.
Let a copy of this order be handed over to Mr. Umesh Narayan Dubey, learned counsel appearing for the Central Board along with one copy of the pleadings of the respective parties, which shall be served on him latest by Friday, for onward communication to the authorities of the Central Board.
Let a copy of this order be also sent to the District & Sessions Judge, Vaishali, District Magistrate, Vaishali and Superintendent of Police, Vaishali.
(Jayanandan Singh, J) Pradeep/-


Terms of Service of Emotes Showcase
These are the Terms of Service for the Emotes Showcase Twitch
Extension.
- By enabling this extension on your channel, you agree that your sub emote art is displayed in the emote panel. You can choose to hide groups of emotes. The extension does not re-host the emotes on its own services.
- Futher, you guarantee the rights to display all the emote art within this extension. If there are emotes displayed that the channel owner does not have the rights to display, the section must be hidden by the channel owner.
- Support is on an as-possible basis, there are no guaranteed issue resolution timeframes that I can offer.
- This extension relies on various third parties to provide the emote information for a channel. Those third parties may change or cease their offering at any time, leading to the extension no longer finding or displaying emotes.
- The extension is primarily hosted on infrastructure provided by Twitch. Service of that infrastructure is out of the extension author's hands.
- Some of the data is cached by a service provided by the extension author. Operations of that service are on a best-effort basis as long as the extension is officially available for Twitch.
- Older versions of the extension may not work properly. The extension should be auto updated as long as it is normally installed through the provided methods on Twitch.
- The emotes art displayed within this extension are not owned by the author of the extension. The rights to those emotes lie with their respective owners.
- The channel owner must own the rights to the description of emotes, sub tier names and any other freely customizable texts or have permission to reproduce the text from a third party within the extension.
- The default texts provided with the extension are not licenseable due to their shortness, and thus free to use for any channel installing the extension.


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- Prevent cross site scripting(XSS attack).
- I can POST
/api/issues/{projectname}
with form data containing required issue_title
, issue_text
, created_by
and optional assigned_to
and status_text
.
- The object saved (and returned) will include all of those fields (blank for optional no input) and also include
created_on
(date/time), updated_on
(date/time), open
(boolean, true
for open, false
for closed), and _id
.
- I can PUT
/api/issues/{projectname}
with an _id
and any fields in the object with a value to object said object. Returned will be 'successfully updated' or 'could not update ' + _id
. This should always update updated_on
. If no fields are sent return 'no updated field sent'.
- I can DELETE
/api/issues/{projectname}
with an _id
to completely delete an issue. If no _id
is sent return '_id error'
, success: 'deleted '
+ _id
, failed: 'could not delete '
+ _id
.
- I can GET
/api/issues/{projectname}
for an array of all issues on that specific project with all the information for each issue as was returned when posted.
- I can filter my get request by also passing along any field and value in the query(ie.
/api/issues/{project}?open=false
). I can pass along as many fields/values as I want.
- All 11 functional tests are complete and passing.
Example GET usage:
/api/issues/{project}
/api/issues/{project}?open=true&assigned_to=Joe
Example return:
[{"_id":"5871dda29faedc3491ff93bb","issue_title":"Fix error in posting data","issue_text":"When we post data it has an error.","created_on":"2017-01-08T06:35:14.240Z","updated_on":"2017-01-08T06:35:14.240Z","created_by":"Joe","assigned_to":"Joe","open":true,"status_text":"In QA"},...]
All the issue entries for the project apitest: go to /api/issues/apitest/
Issue Tracker Front-End:
➊ SUBMIT, ➋ UPDATE, ➌ DELETE issue on apitest


MetMalaysia issues storm advisory for Sabah
KUALA LUMPUR, Nov 10 — The Malaysian Meteorological Department (MetMalaysia) has issued an advisory on a tropical storm Nakri that can cause strong winds and rough seas in the South China Sea, near Sabah waters.
MetMalaysia in a statement, said the storm was located approximately 901 kilometres (km) northwest of Kudat, Sabah.
“Based on observation at 2pm today, the storm is located about 505 km northeast of Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam and moving west at a speed of 15km per hour.
“The speed of this tropical storm can reach up to 108 km per hour,” the statement said. — Bernama


JUST IN: Veteran Economic Analyst, Henry Boyo, Is Dead
Boyo was 72 at the time of his death.
by SaharaReporters, New YorkNigerian economic analyst and popular columnist, Henry Boyo, has died.
Boyo was 72 at the time of his death.
He was reported to have died on Monday after a brief illness.
He was a popular critic of the government’s policies on the economy.


|
PalmistryThere is a long tradition of human beings trying to unravel the future through virtually every imaginable means. And in almost every form of divination, there is a grain of common sense.Tarot can be said to invoke Jungian archetypes to characterize the elements of our perception of the universe. The i-Ching is in many respects a reasonable model of processes in physical systems. Seeing the future in dreams is surprisingly feasible in a world where Quantum Physics applies. You can even construction a decent-sounding (albeit intellectually flimsy) rationalization for the general concept of Astrology under the auspices of chaos theory. Palmistry, alas, is the red-headed stepchild of divination systems. There's just no good reason to think it might work — no matter how loosely you apply the strictures of "science." What it lacks in credibility, palmistry makes up for in drama. There's nothing quite like reading palms for a moment of drama — especially if you happen to be a mysterious gypsy with a husky Marlene Dietrich-style voice. The theory itself is pretty basic. The lines on your hands are said to describe important elements of your life, ranging from your success in love to your allotted span of years. It's a great romantic notion.  However, you'd be hard-pressed to find anyone who can explain why these characteristics would manifest themselves as creases on your hand, or why any given person should be particularly qualified to judge the content of those creases. Most estimates of the origins of palmistry run back about 3,000 years, which is probably a low estimate since people had hands for a long time before that. It's known to have been practiced in China, Egypt and India, at the very least. There are various lines on the hand which supposedly chart to the days of our lives (much like sands through an hourglass). The most famous of these (and the most frequently consulted by 9-year-olds first discovering the exciting world of alternate spiritualities) are the life line (life expectancy), heart line (success in love, or lack thereof) and a few hatch marks down the side of the hand which are supposed to indicate how many children one may expect. If the practice of palmistry pretty much stopped there, it would no doubt rest in the same general category as the scientific pursuit of how to break your mother's back by stepping on sidewalk cracks (an area surprisingly neglected by most major university programs). But there's sooooooo much more. And what's really fascinating is just how pedantic and tedious most of it is. Virtually every mark you can find on your hand is charted to some portent of meaning by one person or another. It's tempting to throw the "New Age" slur over the whole mess of practitioners and move on, but the practice of palmistry differs from the mass of New Age practices in that it never really went out of style so that it could have a proper renaissance. Like tuberculosis, it's just always been there. The Catholic Church banned palmistry during the Middle Ages, but at the same time embraced it as a method of finding witches to burn. Through the 17th, 18th and 19th centuries, the practice was commonly accepted, and even studied in universities as a form of Physiognomy.
Persisting into the 20th century with little dampening of enthusiasm, the adherents of palmistry did at least pick up some pointers from the birth of the New Age movement in the 1960s. Those wishing to learn more about reading palms may now treat themselves to thousands on thousands of pages of hifalutin verbiage which purports to explain how it could possibly be that these tiny lines on your hand could portray your life in any reasonable way.
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Fast Neural Machine Translation in C++
Works with commit: 3833669
This page provides data and model files for our shared task winning APE system described in Log-linear Combinations of Monolingual and Bilingual Neural Machine Translation Models for Automatic Post-Editing. If you use any of the data, systems or ideas, please cite:
@InProceedings{junczysdowmunt-grundkiewicz:2016:WMT,
author = {Junczys-Dowmunt, Marcin and Grundkiewicz, Roman},
title = {Log-linear Combinations of Monolingual and Bilingual Neural Machine Translation Models for Automatic Post-Editing},
booktitle = {Proceedings of the First Conference on Machine Translation},
month = {August},
year = {2016},
address = {Berlin, Germany},
publisher = {Association for Computational Linguistics},
pages = {751--758},
url = {http://www.aclweb.org/anthology/W16-2378}
}
Download the training data (514M)
This file contains the artificially generated post-editing triplets described in Table 1 of the paper. “4M” is the larger set denoted as “round-trip.n10” in that table, 500K is the smaller set denoted as “round-trip.n1”. The 20 times oversampled original training data for the shared task is not included, but can be obtained from the original shared task page.
data
├── 4M
│ ├── 4M.mt
│ ├── 4M.pe
│ └── 4M.src
└── 500K
├── 500K.mt
├── 500K.pe
└── 500K.src
Download the systems (2.7G)
We also provide the complete primary system and two contrastive variants. To create the submitted output, locate the Makefile
and provide the path to the main directory of your working Marian tool (latest master, see Readme) in the following line:
AMUNMT=/home/marcinj/Badania/marian
Next type make
. The included files should provide all input files, model files and scripts to produce our exact submission. You may need to change the number of GPU devices, as the original configs assume three GPUs. In the end you should see the three submission files:
AMU_ensemble8-mt+src_PRIMARY
AMU_ensemble4-mt_CONTRASTIVE
AMU_ensemble4-src_CONTRASTIVE
The configuration file for the best ensemble models/configs/mtsrc-pe.ensemble.ape.tuned.yml
has been included below. It assumes the presence and availability of three GPUs in the line devices: [0, 1, 2]
, you want to change it to one device by devices: [0]
.
# amunn config file
relative-paths: yes
# Scorer configuration
scorers:
F0:
type: Nematus
path: ../mt-pe/model.iter260000.npz
F1:
type: Nematus
path: ../mt-pe/model.iter270000.npz
F2:
type: Nematus
path: ../mt-pe/model.iter280000.npz
F3:
type: Nematus
path: ../mt-pe/model.iter290000.npz
F4:
type: Nematus
path: ../src-pe/model.iter340000.npz
tab: 1
F5:
type: Nematus
path: ../src-pe/model.iter350000.npz
tab: 1
F6:
type: Nematus
path: ../src-pe/model.iter360000.npz
tab: 1
F7:
type: Nematus
path: ../src-pe/model.iter370000.npz
tab: 1
F8:
type: APE
source-vocab:
- ../mt-pe/vocab.mt.json
- ../src-pe/vocab.src.json
target-vocab: ../mt-pe/vocab.pe.json
weights:
F0: 0.0679875234050288
F1: 0.136272622440232
F2: 0.0447424881348462
F3: 0.0505810091549122
F4: 0.119029214497868
F5: -0.0291262004966649
F6: -0.0348248568202612
F7: 0.131424048800743
F8: 0.386012036249443
beam-size: 12
normalize: yes
n-best: no
devices: [0, 1, 2]
threads-per-device: 1
In the future we will provide more hints on how to train a similar system. Currently we supply the following files:
system
├── data
│ ├── de.bpe
│ ├── en.bpe
│ ├── true.de
│ └── true.en
├── Makefile
├── models
│ ├── configs
│ │ ├── mt-pe.ensemble4.tuned.yml
│ │ ├── mtsrc-pe.ensemble.ape.tuned.yml
│ │ └── src-pe.ensemble4.yml
│ ├── mt-pe
│ │ ├── model.iter260000.npz
│ │ ├── model.iter270000.npz
│ │ ├── model.iter280000.npz
│ │ ├── model.iter290000.npz
│ │ ├── vocab.mt.json
│ │ └── vocab.pe.json
│ └── src-pe
│ ├── model.iter340000.npz
│ ├── model.iter350000.npz
│ ├── model.iter360000.npz
│ ├── model.iter370000.npz
│ ├── vocab.pe.json
│ └── vocab.src.json
├── scripts
│ ├── apply_bpe.py
│ ├── deescape-special-chars.perl
│ ├── detruecase.perl
│ ├── escape-special-chars.perl
│ ├── prepare_submission.py
│ └── truecase.perl
└── test
├── test.mt
└── test.src
where data
contains truecasing models and BPE codes. models/configs
provides the configuration files for amun
to load the model ensembles located in mt-pe
(monolingual model, trained on MT-output and post-editing data) and src-pe
(bilingual model, trained on source and post-editing data). test
contains the blind test set, ground truth and evaluation scripts are again available from the shared task page.


[Stef Countryman -- 2021/06/21] [home] [blogs]
[Stef Countryman -- 2022/08/29] (Updated)
This post is meant to help you quickly get a nice, maintainable python environment up and running. Click on code blocks to copy them. You can just follow the instructions in the TL;DR section, referencing the extended explanations as needed.
your-project-env.yml
. Update this environment as you
install/remove new packages for your project.
Developing multiple python projects with arcane dependencies using the
naive approach (install one copy of python, pip --install
a
bunch of packages by hand, lose track of which projects need which
packages, face a dependency conflict, suffer, despair) will ruin your
computer and your life.
When it comes to dependency management, packaging, writing extensions, and
even choosing an interpreter, a web search will show dozens of ways to do
the same thing, most of them obsolete, overwrought, unmaintainable, slow,
bug-ridden, inextensible, or otherwise terrible.
This presents a problem to the novice programmer, who has heard that python is easy to learn and has many useful libraries that you can freely use, and therefore starts a project without setting up a decent dev environment, not realizing what horrors await them. Fortunately, practices are improving somewhat, and some reasonable choices, managing python projects can be almost as forgiving to novice programmers as the syntax of the code itself.
The aim of this post is to provide such a guide to my friends and colleagues in a central place.
The first thing to do is to install an actual python interpreter. Python is a scripting language, meaning that the programs are just text files which are executed by a program called an interpreter. The language itself changes roughly every year, so you will probably want an interpreter that runs a recent version of the language, as well as the ability to manage multiple versions (in case you find that certain of your programs require older/newer versions than what you typically run).
MacOS computers come with a very old version of python pre-installed.
Linux machines sometimes come with a newer version pre-installed, though
very minimal distributions will come without a python interpreter
altogether.
MacOS, most Linux distributions, and Windows all have system
package managers (either official, like apt
on Debian Linux,
or third party, like MacPorts or Homebrew on MacOS/Chocolatey on Windows)
that let you quickly install a version of python;
don't use them.
They are tied in to various tools throughout your system, so that breaking
them might break system-wide tools you depend on, and they tend to be
incomplete and out of date.
Installing python and libraries
[1]
using the system package manager means
possibly having to remove and reinstall everything in your fragile dev
environment at some point in the future, which can easily take over a day
for complex environments, assuming it's possible at all.
This violates what is, in my opinion, the most important rule of a
development environment:
It should be easy to destroy and rebuild your dev environment.
Having this property means you will never live in fear of the day when you inevitably mess up your configuration and need to delete it all and start over. You will not fear adding new team members or switching development computers, and chances are your deployments will become much easier.
The (likely) easiest solution is to use Anaconda's python distribution,
which includes a nice, fast, cross-platform python package manager
(conda
) and a nice development environment management system,
which I'll discuss in the next section.
You can use Anaconda to create distinct Python environments for each
project you are working on.
You can create a new environment (with no packages yet installed) using
conda create -n my-environment-name
, list your existing python
environments with conda env list
, and activate the one you want
(e.g. my-environment-name
)
with conda activate my-environment-name
.
In general, the easiest way to manage your environments is to have a single
file which specifies all the dependencies, allowing you to install all of
them with a single command.
pip
allows you to do this with what is usually referred to as
a requirements file, called requirements.txt
by convention.
The Conda approach is more powerful; it uses a
YAML file which optionally includes
information about the python version and environment name as well as the
ability to specify pip
dependencies (since more niche packages
usually need to be installed that way).
If you already have a conda environment file called, e.g.,
env.yml
for an environment
called my-environment-name
, you can simply run
conda env create -f env.yml
, and it will install all required
packages; you can then activate the environment with
conda activate my-environment-name
and start using it.
Such an environment file's contents might look as simple as:
name: my-environment-name channels: - conda-forge - defaults dependencies: - python=3.9 - numpy - pip - pip: - nptyping==1.4.4
In this example, we are allowing Anaconda to install Python version 3.9, as
well as packages from
conda-forge
(which is user-maintained and contains most
packages); more precisely, we are installing Numpy using the
conda
package manager; and we are installing a more niche
package, nptyping
, using pip
, since it's not
available on conda-forge
.
We specify our pip
dependencies as a list under
-pip:
, but we also need to explicitly install the
pip
package manager itself using conda
in order
to be able to do so.
We've required nptyping
to use a specific version (1.4.4)
while allowing Numpy to default to the latest version; in general, it's
usually easiest to leave the version numbers unspecified until the point
where specific versions are required to avoid bugs you've found.
Finally, we have also specified the name of the environment; both this and
the Python version are optional, but it's nice to be extra specific with
these just to make sure things work.
You can get a list of all top-level imported packages in your
codebase by running this command (for regular .py
python
files):
find . -name '*py' -exec sed -n 's/^import *\([^ .]*\).*/\1/p;s/^from *\([^ .]*\) *import.*/\1/p' {} \; | sort | uniq
or this command (for (.ipynb
Jupyter notebook files), which
requires you to install
jq
for JSON
parsing [2]:
find . -name '*ipynb' -exec jq -jr '.cells | .[].source | .[]' {} \; | sed -n 's/^import *\([^ .]*\).*/\1/p;s/^from *\([^ .]*\) *import.*/\1/p' | sort | uniq
or handle both types of files in one fell swoop:
( find . -name '*ipynb' -exec jq -jr '.cells | .[].source | .[]' {} \; find . -name '*py' -exec cat {} \; ) \ | sed -n 's/^import *\([^ .]*\).*/\1/p;s/^from *\([^ .]*\) *import.*/\1/p' \ | sort \ | uniq
Note that the names of packages on conda or pip might differ from the
imported package names, and this won't tell you which versions are required
(which can be vital for getting complex numerical environments working
properly).
If you can't get your code to work on a newly-built environment,
you might want to see exactly which versions of each package you
have installed by running pip freeze
in whichever
environment you are already using. You should see a bunch of items
that look like e.g. typish==1.9.3
.
Alternatively, if you've already been using conda
to manage
your dependencies, you can directly export an environment file with
conda env export >my-env.yml
(substituting
my-env.yml
with whatever you want to call your environment);
this output will include information about the source of each package, i.e.
whether it was from
PyPI (using
pip
) or from
conda-forge
(using conda
).
In both cases, you'll end up with a full list of installed
packages; most of these will probably be dependencies of the packages you
are actually using.
If you're taking this approach, it's good to delete everything that doesn't
appear in the above find
command, unless you really need a
specific version or want a specific record of installed packages
that worked for your project.
[3]
You may have already noticed that, if you have a file called
example.py
and are running a python script or interpreter in
the same directory, you can run import example
to import the
contents of that file into your current environment.
This is a module, and it's the simplest way to turn your code into
a reusable library.
If you have a bunch of scripts or Jupyter notebooks in a project using the
same functions repeatedly, it might make sense to put those functions into
a module and import them (like you would any other libraries) in the
scripts/notebooks themselves.
If you want to reuse a lot of code, it makes sense to break your library up
into smaller submodules; Numpy does this with its less common linear
algebra tools, which can be accessed via e.g.
import numpy.linalg
or from numpy import linalg
.
Such a library composed of multiple source files (modules) bundled together
is called a package.
If we wanted to make an example
package, we can simply run
mkdir example mv example.py example/__init__.py
We can then run import example
again within python just as
before.
This works because Python treats a directory containing an
__init__.py
file as if it were a module of the same name.
Unlike a module, however, we can add additional submodules and subpackages
to a package; for example, if we add a submodule
examples.constants
and a subpackage
examples.utils
, our entire package's directory structure will
now look like:
example ├── __init__.py ├── constants.py └── utils └── __init__.py
You can continue this recursively as needed, building out a nicely organized library.
You don't really need an
integrated development environment
(IDE, i.e. a program for editing and running your code)
for python dev, since ipython
, Jupyter, ripgrep
,
and your favorite text editor can handle 98% of what you'd need an IDE for.
If you're command-line savvy and have a favorite text editor, you can keep
using your favorite tools quite easily.
If you're not yet a command-line guru, however, you should try a nice IDE like PyCharm. It has great code exploration, debugging, and running/testing tools built in, with full support for various arcane interpreter setups (in case you need to deviate in the future from the set up I suggest in this post), and is cross-platform. The community version is free and adequate for most purposes.
------------------------------------------------------------
[1]
Seasoned python devs might correctly observe that you could simply use a
virtualenv
.
This is a valid technique, but it does not solve the related problem of
picking and installing an interpreter (let alone managing multiple
versions), nor of the limitations of
pip
or the inconvenience of having virtual environments
scattered all over your dev folders.
pipenv
uses virtualenv
and tracks your
dependencies automatically, but anything that pipenv
is
capable of automatically tracking is going to be very easy to track or
reconstruct manually, reducing it's utility (not to mention it was slow and
buggy last I used it) [3].
[2]
You can easily install jq
with e.g. brew install jq
(MacOS using Homebrew) or choco install jq
(Windows using
Chocolatey); see react 0 to 1
for relevant links.
[3] If the latter is critical to getting your code to work, however, you might want to go one step further and immortalize your environment in a docker image. It's more work, but for some numerical/scientific environments, it's the only convenient way to have a portable and reusable environment for running your code.
[4] Update: this still seems to be true in 2022.


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Toolkits > com.ibm.streamsx.network 3.0.0 > com.ibm.streamsx.network.content > C++ Native Functions
This result function returns a string containing the name of the event that caused the output tuple to be produced. The value is one of 'FlowStart', 'FlowTLS', 'FlowData', 'FlowEnd', 'Request', 'Response', or 'FileChunk'.
This result function returns true if a chunk of a file within the current flow has been received, or false otherwise.
This result function returns true if data for the current flow has been received, or false otherwise.
This result function returns true if this is the last tuple of a flow, or false otherwise.
This result function returns true if this is the first tuple of a new flow, or false otherwise.
This result function returns true if this flow is encrypted using the TLS protocol, or false otherwise.
This result function returns true if request headers for a transaction within the current flow have been received, or false otherwise.
This result function returns true if response headers for a transaction within the current flow flow have been received, or false otherwise.
This result function returns the current chunk of the current file as a binary object, for 'FileChunk' events only. The function returns an empty 'blob' for all other events.
This result function returns a sequence number for this chunk of the current file, starting at zero, for 'FileChunk' events only. The function returns zero for all other events.
This result function returns true for the last chunk of the current file, for FileChunk events only, or false otherwise,
This result function returns true for the first chunk of the curent file, for FileChunk events only, or false otherwise,
This result function returns the length of the current chunk of the current file, for 'FileChunk' events only. The function returns zero for all other events.
This result function returns the sum of the lengths of this and all preceding chunks of the current file, for 'FileChunk' events only. The function returns zero for all other events.
This result function returns the current chunk of the current file as a string, for 'FileChunk' events only. The function returns an empty string for all other events.
This result function returns the character set portion of the 'ContentType' header for the current file, if there is one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the value of the 'ContentLength' header for the current file, if there is one, or an empty string if not. Note that this value may be incorrect, if present, that is, the sum of the file chunks may be more or less than the length declared in the header.
This result function returns the value of the 'ContentType' header for the current file, if there is one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the format of the current file, if there is one and the operator can determine it, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns a unique numeric identifier for the current file. The same value is assigned to all events related to the file, and is not used again after the final chunk of the file, so applications can use this identifier to correlate all of the tuples related to it.
This result function returns the identifier of the file containing the current file, when the transaction contains a file containing other files, and the operator can decompose them, or zero if not.
This result function returns the flow data received as a binary object, for the 'FlowData' event only. The function returns an empty 'blob' for all other events in the flow.
This result function returns a sequence number for the FlowData events within a particular flow, starting at zero for each new flow, as identified by the FLOW_ID() function.
This result function returns the length of the flow data received, for the 'FlowData' event only. The function returns zero for all other events in the flow.
This result function returns the flow data received as a string, for the 'FlowData' event only. The function returns an empty string for all other events in the flow.
This result function returns "SrcToDst" or "DstToSrc", where source and destination refer to the FLOW_xxxx_ADDRESS() functions, or "" if the operator cannot determine a direction.
This result function returns the reason a flow ended. The value is valid only for tuples emitted due to 'FlowEnd' events; an empty string is returned for all other events. The function may assign 'normal', 'clientAbort', 'serverAbort', 'shutdown', 'dataLoss', 'resources', or else '?' if the operator cannot determine why the flow ended.
This result function returns the total number of bytes sent by the destination endpoint of the flow to the source endpoint, for the FlowEnd event only. The function returns zero for all other events in the flow.
This result function returns the total number of packets sent by the destination endpoint of the flow to the source endpoint, for the FlowEnd event only. The function returns zero for all other events in the flow.
This result function returns the UDP or TCP port number of the destination endpoint of this flow, if the flow's IP protocol is UDP or TCP, or zero otherwise.
This result function returns the elapsed time of the flow in seconds, with a precision of microseconds, for the 'FlowEnd' event only. A value of zero is returned for all other events.
This result function returns the time when the flow ended, in seconds, relative to the beginning of the Unix epoch (midnight on January 1st, 1970 in Greenwich, England), with a precision of microseconds, for the 'FlowEnd' event only. A value of zero is returned for all other events.
This result function returns the ethernet MAC address of the destination endpoint of this flow.
This result function returns the ethernet MAC address of the source endpoint of this flow.
This result function returns the time of the current event, in seconds, relative to the beginning of the Unix epoch (midnight on January 1st, 1970 in Greenwich, England), with a precision of microseconds.
This result function returns a unique numeric identifier for the current flow. The same value is assigned to all events related to the flow, and is not used again after that flow's 'FlowEnd' event, so applications can use this identifier to correlate all of the tuples related to it.
This result function returns the IP version 4 address of the destination endpoint of this flow.
This result function returns the IP version 4 address of the source endpoint of this flow.
This result function returns the value of the IP protocol field from the flow's IP headers, if it is an IP flow, or zero otherwise. For example, a value of '6' indicates that the flow uses the TCP protocol, and a value of '17' indicates that the flow uses the UDP protocol.
This result function returns the application protocol, if the operator can determine it, or an empty string if not. Its values are described in the file 'protocols.csv' in the toolkit.
This result function returns an integer from 1 to 3 indicating the operator's confidence in its identification of the application protocol (see the FLOW_PROTOCOL() result function), from 'low' to 'high', respectively.
This result function returns a small value, usually between 0 and 7, indicating the nesting depth at which the application protocol (see the FLOW_PROTOCOL() result function) was identified.
This result function returns the request headers of the current transaction of the current flow, if it has any, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the 'authority' portion of a URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the 'fragment' portion of a URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the 'method' portion of a URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns URI, the 'normalized' portion of a URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the 'path' portion of a URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the 'query' portion of a URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the 'raw' URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the 'scheme' portion of a URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the 'username' portion of a URI, when the current transaction of the current flow has one, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the response headers of the current transaction of the current flow, if it has any, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the response status code of the current transaction of the current flow, if it has any, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the total number of bytes sent by the source endpoint of the flow to the destination endpoint, for the FlowEnd event only. The function returns zero for all other events in the flow.
This result function returns the total number of packets sent by the source endpoint of the flow to the destination endpoint, for the FlowEnd event only. The function returns zero for all other events in the flow.
This result function returns the UDP or TCP port number of the source endpoint of this flow, if the flow's IP protocol is UDP or TCP, or zero otherwise.
This result function returns the time when the flow started, in seconds, relative to the beginning of the Unix epoch (midnight on January 1st, 1970 in Greenwich, England), with a precision of microseconds.
This result function returns a unique numeric identifier for the current request/response pair within the current flow, when there is one, or zero if not. The same value is assigned to all events related to the transaction, and is not used again, so applications can use this identifier to correlate all of the tuples related to it.
This result function returns the number of files that are open at the time the tuple is produced.
This result function returns the maximum number of files that were ever open simultaneously, since the operator started.
This result function returns the number of flows that are open at the time the tuple is produced.
This result function returns the maximum number of flows that were ever open simultaneously, since the operator started.
This result function returns the direction this TLS message is going, if the flow is encrypted with the 'transport-layer security' protocol, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the length of this TLS message, if the flow is encrypted with the 'transport-layer security' protocol, or '0' if not.
This result function indicates whether or not more TLS messages are coming, if the flow is encrypted with the 'transport-layer security' protocol, or false if not.
This result function returns the offset of this TLS message, if the flow is encrypted with the 'transport-layer security' protocol, or '0' if not.
This result function returns the type of TLS message found, if the flow is encrypted with the 'transport-layer security' protocol, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the version of the TLS protocol being used, if the flow is encrypted with the 'transport-layer security' protocol, or an empty string if not.
This result function returns the IP version 4 address of the innermost destination endpoint within the tunnel.
This result function returns the IP version 4 address of the innermost source endpoint within the tunnel.
This result function returns the IP version 6 address of the innermost destination endpoint within the tunnel.
This result function returns the IP version 6 address of the innermost source endpoint within the tunnel.
This result function returns characteristics of protocols found within another protocol. The TUNNEL_TYPE() function may assign "6IN4", "4IN6", "GRE", or "IP" if a tunnel is detected, or an empty string if not.


4.9. The Cross Product#
4.9.1. Right Hand System of Vectors#
We say that three vectors \(\vec{u}\), \(\vec{v}\), \(\vec{w}\) form a right-hand system if we align vector \(\vec{u}\) alongside the index finger and align \(\vec{v}\) in the direction of the next finger after the index finger, then the thumb stays in the direction of vector \(\vec{w}\).
For example, the following vectors form a right-handed system.
We could also use our left hand and in that case, we could see that the vector \(\vec{w}\) would need to point in the opposite direction (See the following Figure).
4.9.2. Coordinate Vectors#
Unit vectors (vectors with the length of 1) in the directions of the \(x\), \(y\), and \(z\) axes of a three-dimensional Cartesian coordinate system are known as the coordinate vectors.
4.9.3. Geometric Definition of Cross Product#
For two vectors \(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\) in \(\R^3\). The cross product of \(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\) is shown with \(\vec{u}\times \vec{v}\) and is defined by the following two rules:
Its length is \(\|\vec{u}\times \vec{v}\| = \|\vec{u}\|\|\vec{v}\|\sin(\theta)\), where \(\theta\) is the included angle between \(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\).
It is perpendicular to both \(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\), that is \((\vec{u}\times\vec{v})\bullet \vec{u} = 0\), \((\vec{u}\times\vec{v})\bullet \vec{v} = 0\), and \(\vec{u}\), \(\vec{v}\), \(\vec{u}\times\vec{v}\) form a right hand system.
The dot product of two vectors results in a scalar (a number) as opposed to the cross product that results in a vector (has direction and magnitude).
The cross product of the coordinate vectors \(\vec{i}\), \(\vec{j}\) and \(\vec{k}\):
Not that a vector \(\vec{u} =\begin{bmatrix}u_1 & u_2 &u_3\end{bmatrix}^T\) can be written in terms of \(\vec{i}\), \(\vec{j}\) and \(\vec{k}\) as \begin{align*}\vec{u}= u_1 \vec{i}+u_2\vec{j}+u_3 \vec{k}.\end{align*}
For two vectors \(\vec{u}= u_1 \vec{i}+u_2\vec{j}+u_3 \vec{k}\) and \(\vec{v} = v_1 \vec{i}+v_2\vec{j}+v_3\vec{k}\), the cross product can be seen as:
We also can express the cross product as the determinant of a matrix,
4.9.4. Properties of the Cross Product#
For three vectors \(\vec{u}\), \(\vec{v}\), and \(\vec{w}\) in \(\mathbb{R}^3\), and scaler \(k\) in \(\mathbb{R}\) scalar, the following properties of the cross product hold.
\(\vec{u}\times \vec{v} = -(\vec{v}\times \vec{u})\), and \(\vec{u}\times \vec{u}=0\),
\((k\vec{u})\times \vec{v} = k(\vec{u}\times \vec{v}) = \vec{u}\times (k\vec{v})\),
\(\vec{u}\times (\vec{v}+\vec{w}) = \vec{u}\times \vec{v}+\vec{u}\times \vec{w}\),
\((\vec{v}+\vec{w})\times \vec{u}=\vec{v}\times \vec{u}+\vec{w}\times \vec{u}\).
Example: Find \(\vec{u}\times \vec{v}\) and \(\vec{v}\times \vec{u}\) for the following vectors \(\vec{u}=\begin{bmatrix} 2\\0\\-2 \end{bmatrix}\) and \(\vec{v}=\begin{bmatrix} 0\\5\\3 \end{bmatrix}\).
Solution:
Example: Let \(A = (0,0,1)\), \(B = (2,0,-1)\) and \(C = (0,1,0)\) be point in \(\mathbb{R}^3\). Find an equation for the plane containing \(A\), \(B\), and \(C\).
Solution:
The vectors \(\overrightarrow{AB}\) and \(\overrightarrow{AC}\) lie in the plane; therefore,
and
is a normal for the plane (being orthogonal to both \(\overrightarrow{AB}\) and \(\overrightarrow{AC}\)). Since all three points \(A\), \(B\) and \(C\) are on the plane, we can use any of them to write down an equation of the plan. Hence the plane has equation
An important geometrical application of the cross product is as follows. The size of the cross product, \(\|\vec{u}\times \vec{v}\|\), is the area of the parallelogram determined by \(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\).
Let \(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\) be three vectors in \(\mathbb{R}^n\):
Area of a Parallelogram = \(\|\vec{u}\times \vec{v}\| = \|\vec{u}\|\|\vec{v}\|\sin(\theta)\),
Area of a Triangle = \(\dfrac{1}{2}\|\vec{u}\times \vec{v}\| = \dfrac{1}{2}\|\vec{u}\|\|\vec{v}\|\sin(\theta)\).
where \(\theta\) is the included angle between \(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\).
Example: Find the area of the parallelogram determined by the vectors \(\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \end{bmatrix}^T\) , \(\begin{bmatrix} 3 & -2 &1\end{bmatrix}^T\).
Solution: Let \(\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 2 & 3 \end{bmatrix}^T\) and \(\begin{bmatrix} 3 & -2 &1\end{bmatrix}^T\). The area can be found as follows,
Example: Find the area of the triangle having vertices \(A(3,-1,2)\), \(B(1,1,0)\) and \(C(1,2,-1)\).
Solution: The area of the triangle is half the area of the parallelogram defined by \(\overrightarrow{AB}\) and \(\overrightarrow{AC}\).
Therefore,
As a result, the area of the triangle is
If the two vectors \(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\) are parallel then the angle between them is either \(0\) or \(\pi\) degrees. \(\|\vec{u}\times \vec{v}\| = \|\vec{u}\|\|\vec{v}\|\sin(\theta)\) implies that \(\|\vec{u}\times \vec{v}\|=0\).
\(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\) are parallel vectors if \(\vec{u}\times \vec{v}=\vec{0}\).
Example: Determine whether \(\vec{u}=\begin{bmatrix} 1&1&-1 \end{bmatrix}^T\) and \(\vec{v}=\begin{bmatrix} 1&0&2 \end{bmatrix}^T\) are parallel.
Solution:
\(\vec{u}\) and \(\vec{v}\) are not parallel.
4.9.5. The Box Product#
Assume that three vectors \(\vec{u}\), \(\vec{v}\), and \(\vec{w}\) in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) that form a parallelepiped. The volume of this parallelepiped is given by:
Note that for two vectors \(\vec{u}= u_1 \vec{i}+u_2\vec{j}+u_3 \vec{k}\) and \(\vec{v} = v_1 \vec{i}+v_2\vec{j}+v_3\vec{k}\) and \(\vec{w} = w_1 \vec{i}+w_2\vec{j}+w_3\vec{k}\), we have
Note that for three vectors \(\vec{u}= u_1 \vec{i}+u_2\vec{j}+u_3 \vec{k}\), \(\vec{v} = v_1 \vec{i}+v_2\vec{j}+v_3\vec{k}\) and \(\vec{w} = w_1 \vec{i}+w_2\vec{j}+w_3\vec{k}\), we have
Example: Find the volume of the parallelepiped determined by the vectors \(\vec{u}=\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 0 & 0 \end{bmatrix}^T\), \(\vec{v}=\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 1 & 0 \end{bmatrix}^T\) and \(\vec{w}=\begin{bmatrix} 0 & 0 & 1 \end{bmatrix}^T\).
Solution: We have,
An alternative way to get the same result:
Example: Find the volume of the parallelepiped determined by the vectors \(\begin{bmatrix} 1& -7&-5 \end{bmatrix}^T\), \(\begin{bmatrix} 1 & -2 & -6 \end{bmatrix}^T\) and \(\begin{bmatrix} 3 & 2 &3 \end{bmatrix}^T\).
Solution:
Three vectors \(\vec{u}\), \(\vec{v}\), and \(\vec{w}\) in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) are in the same plane if the volume of parallelepiped formed by these vectors is equal to zero.
Example: Determine whether the three vectors \(\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 4 & -7 \end{bmatrix}^T\), \(\begin{bmatrix} 2 & -1 & 4 \end{bmatrix}^T\) and \(\begin{bmatrix} 0 & -9 & 18 \end{bmatrix}^T\) lie in the same plane or not.
Solution:
Example: Given lines \(L_1:~\begin{bmatrix} x\\y\\z \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 2\\ 1\\ -1 \end{bmatrix}+s\begin{bmatrix} 1\\ 1\\ -1 \end{bmatrix}\) and \(L_2:~\begin{bmatrix} x\\y\\z \end{bmatrix}=\begin{bmatrix} 1\\ 2\\ 0 \end{bmatrix}+t\begin{bmatrix} 1\\ 1\\ 1 \end{bmatrix}\), find the shortest distance between them and points \(P_1\) on \(L_1\) and \(P_2\) on \(L_2\) that are closest.
Solution:
Let \(P_1=(2,1,-1)\) on \(L_1\) and \(P_2=(1,2,0)\) on \(L_2\). It follows that \(\overrightarrow{P_1P_2}=\begin{bmatrix} -1 & 1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}^T\). Moreover, the direction of the \(L_1\) and \(L_2\) are \(\vec{d}_1=\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & -1 \end{bmatrix}^T\) and \(\vec{d}_2=\begin{bmatrix} 1 & 1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}^T\), respectively.
The two lines are not parallel since
Furthermore, let \(\vec{n}= \vec{d_1}\times \vec{d_2}=\begin{bmatrix} 2 & -2 & 0 \end{bmatrix}^T\) and
Therefore,
Example: Find the shortest distance between the following two lines in \(\mathbb{R}^3\) $\( L_1: \begin{cases} x=t+2\\ y=t\\z= t-1 \end{cases} \quad L_2: \begin{cases} x=2\,s+2\\ y=2\,s\\z= 2\,s+2 \end{cases} \)$
Solution:
Let \(P_1=(2,0,-1)\) on \(L_1\) and \(P_2=(2,0,2)\) on \(L_2\). Therefore, \(\overrightarrow{P_1P_2}=\begin{bmatrix}0 & 0 & 3\end{bmatrix}^T\). Moreover, the directions of the \(L_1\) and \(L_2\) are \(\vec{d}_1=\begin{bmatrix}1 & 1 & 1 \end{bmatrix}^T\) and \(\vec{d}_2=\begin{bmatrix} 2 & 2 & 2 \end{bmatrix}^T\), respectively.
Note that the two lines are parallel since
Therefore,
\(Q\) is a point on \(L_1\) (why!?). Therefore, the shortest distance is the length of \(\overrightarrow{QP_2}\) (or \(\overrightarrow{P_2Q}\))
and
Refrences
Kuttler, Kenneth. “A First Course in Linear Algebra (Lyryx).” (2018).
Nicholson, W. Keith. “Linear Algebra with Applications (Lyryx).” (2018).


| Changed Classes |
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DefaultInputHandler
|
DefaultInputHandler handles the input for the Pig-Streaming executable in a synchronous manner by feeding it input via its stdin . |
|
DefaultOutputHandler
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FileOutputHandler handles the output from the Pig-Streaming executable in an synchronous manner by reading its output via its stdout . |
|
FileOutputHandler
|
FileOutputHandler handles the output from the Pig-Streaming executable in an asynchronous manner by reading it from an external file specified by the user. |
|
InputHandler
|
InputHandler is responsible for handling the input to the Pig-Streaming external command. |
|
OutputHandler
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OutputHandler is responsible for handling the output of the Pig-Streaming external command. |
|
StreamingCommand.HandleSpec
|
Specification about the usage of the Handle to communicate with the external process. |


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