5
We said earlier a predicate is defined by clauses, which may be facts or rules. A rule is no more than a stored query. Its syntax is
head :- body.
where
For example, the compound query that finds out where the good things to eat are can be stored as a rule with the predicate name where_food/2.
where_food(X,Y) :- location(X,Y), edible(X).
It states "There is something X to eat in room Y if X is located in Y, and X is edible."
We can now use the new rule directly in a query to find things to eat in a room. As before, the semicolon (;) after an answer is used to find all the answers.
?- where_food(X, kitchen). X = apple ; X = crackers ; no ?- where_food(Thing, 'dining room'). no
Or it can check on specific things.
?- where_food(apple, kitchen). yes
Or it can tell us everything.
?- where_food(Thing, Room). Thing = apple Room = kitchen ; Thing = crackers Room = kitchen ; no
Just as we had multiple facts defining a predicate, we can have multiple rules for a predicate. For example, we might want to have the broccoli included in where_food/2. (Prolog doesn't have an opinion on whether or not broccoli is legitimate food. It just matches patterns.) To do this we add another where_food/2 clause for things that 'taste_yucky.'
where_food(X,Y) :- location(X,Y), edible(X). where_food(X,Y) :- location(X,Y), tastes_yucky(X).
Now the broccoli shows up when we use the semicolon (;) to ask for everything.
?- where_food(X, kitchen). X = apple ; X = crackers ; X = broccoli ; no
Until this point, when we have seen Prolog try to satisfy goals by searching the clauses of a predicate, all of the clauses have been facts.
With rules, Prolog unifies the goal pattern with the head of the clause. If unification succeeds, then Prolog initiates a new query using the goals in the body of the clause.
Rules, in effect, give us multiple levels of queries. The first level is composed of the original goals. The next level is a new query composed of goals found in the body of a clause from the first level.
Each level can create even deeper levels. Theoretically, this could continue forever. In practice it can continue until the listener runs out of space.
Figure 5.1 shows the control flow after the head of a rule has been matched. Notice how backtracking from the third goal of the first level now goes into the second level.
Figure 5.1. Control flow with rules
In this example, the middle goal on the first level succeeds or fails if its body succeeds or fails. When entered from the right (redo) the goal reenters its body query from the right (redo). When the query fails, the next clause of the first-level goal is tried, and if the next clause is also a rule, the process is repeated with the second clause's body.
As always with Prolog, these relationships become clearer by studying a trace. Figure 5.2 contains the annotated trace of the where_food/2 query. Notice the appearance of a two-part number. The first part of the number indicates the query level. The second part indicates the number of the goal within the query, as before. The parenthetical number is the clause number. For example
2-1 EXIT (7) location(crackers, kitchen)
means the exit occurred at the second level, first goal using clause number seven.
The query is
?- where_food(X, kitchen). First the clauses of where_food/2 are searched. 1-1 CALL where_food(X, kitchen) The pattern matches the head of the first clause, and while it is not at a port, the trace could inform us of the clause it is working on. 1-1 try (1) where_food(X, kitchen) The body of the first clause is then set up as a query, and the trace continues. 2-1 CALL location(X, kitchen) From this point the trace proceeds exactly as it did for the compound query in the previous chapter. 2-1 EXIT (2) location(apple, kitchen) 2-2 CALL edible(apple) 2-2 EXIT (1) edible(apple) Since the body has succeeded, the goal from the previous (first) level succeeds. 1-1 EXIT (1) where_food(apple, kitchen) X = apple ; Backtracking goes from the first-level goal, into the second level, proceeding as before. 1-1 REDO where_food(X, kitchen) 2-2 REDO edible(apple) 2-2 FAIL edible(apple) 2-1 REDO location(X, kitchen) 2-1 EXIT (6) location(broccoli, kitchen) 2-2 CALL edible(broccoli) 2-2 FAIL edible(broccoli) 2-1 REDO location(X, kitchen) 2-1 EXIT (7) location(crackers, kitchen) 2-2 CALL edible(crackers) 2-2 EXIT (2) edible(crackers) 1-1 EXIT (1) where_food(crackers, kitchen) X = crackers ; Now any attempt to backtrack into the query will result in no more answers, and the query will fail. 2-2 REDO edible(crackers) 2-2 FAIL edible(crackers) 2-1 REDO location(X, kitchen) 2-1 FAIL location(X, kitchen) This causes the listener to look for other clauses whose heads match the query pattern. In our example, the second clause of where_food/2 also matches the query pattern. 1-1 REDO where_food(X, kitchen) Again, although traces usually don't tell us so, it is building a query from the body of the second clause. 1-1 try (2) where_food(X, kitchen) Now the second query proceeds as normal, finding the broccoli, which tastes_yucky. 2-1 CALL location(X, kitchen) 2-1 EXIT (2) location(apple, kitchen) 2-2 CALL tastes_yucky(apple) 2-2 FAIL tastes_yucky(apple) 2-1 REDO location(X, kitchen) 2-1 EXIT (6) location(broccoli, kitchen) 2-2 CALL tastes_yucky(broccoli) 2-2 EXIT (1) tastes_yucky(broccoli) 1-1 EXIT (2) where_food(broccoli, kitchen) X = broccoli ; Backtracking brings us to the ultimate no, as there are no more where_food/2 clauses to try. 2-2 REDO tastes_yucky(broccoli) 2-2 FAIL tastes_yucky(broccoli) 2-1 REDO location(X,kitchen) 2-1 EXIT (7) location(crackers, kitchen) 2-2 CALL tastes_yucky(crackers) 2-2 FAIL tastes_yucky(crackers) 2-2 REDO location(X, kitchen) 2-2 FAIL location(X, kitchen) 1-1 REDO where_food(X, kitchen) 1-1 FAIL where_food(X, kitchen) no |
Figure 5.2. Trace of a query with rules
It is important to understand the relationship between the first-level and second-level variables in this query. These are independent variables, that is, the X in the query is not the same as the X that shows up in the body of the where_food/2 clauses, values for both happen to be equal due to unification.
To better understand the relationship, we will slowly step through the process of transferring control. Subscripts identify the variable levels.
The goal in the query is
?- where_food(X1, kitchen)
The head of the first clause is
where_food(X2, Y2)
Remember the 'sleeps' example in chapter 3 where a query with a variable was unified with a fact with a variable? Both variables were set to be equal to each other. This is exactly what happens here. This might be implemented by setting both variables to a common internal variable. If either one takes on a new value, both take on a new value.
So, after unification between the goal and the head, the variable bindings are
X1 = _01 X2 = _01 Y2 = kitchen
The second-level query is built from the body of the clause, using these bindings.
location(_01, kitchen), edible(_01).
When internal variable _01 takes on a value, such as 'apple,' both X's then take on the same value. This is fundamentally different from the assignment statements that set variable values in most computer languages.
Using rules, we can solve the problem of the one-way doors. We can define a new two-way predicate with two clauses, called connect/2.
connect(X,Y) :- door(X,Y). connect(X,Y) :- door(Y,X).
It says "Room X is connected to a room Y if there is a door from X to Y, or if there is a door from Y to X." Note the implied 'or' between clauses. Now connect/2 behaves the way we would like.
?- connect(kitchen, office). yes ?- connect(office, kitchen). yes
We can list all the connections (which is twice the number of doors) with a general query.
?- connect(X,Y). X = office Y = hall ; X = kitchen Y = office ; ... X = hall Y = office ; X = office Y = kitchen ; ...
With our current understanding of rules and built-in predicates we can now add more rules to Nani Search. We will start with look/0, which will tell the game player where he or she is, what things are in the room, and which rooms are adjacent.
To begin with, we will write list_things/1, which lists the things in a room. It uses the technique developed at the end of chapter 4 to loop through all the pertinent facts.
list_things(Place) :- location(X, Place), tab(2), write(X), nl, fail.
We use it like this.
?- list_things(kitchen). apple broccoli crackers no
There is one small problem with list_things/1. It gives us the list, but it always fails. This is all right if we call it by itself, but we won't be able to use it in conjunction with other rules that follow it (to the right as illustrated in our diagrams). We can fix this problem by adding a second list_things/1 clause which always succeeds.
list_things(Place) :- location(X, Place), tab(2), write(X), nl, fail. list_things(AnyPlace).
Now when the first clause fails (because there are no more location/2s to try) the second list_things/1 clause will be tried. Since its argument is a variable it will successfully match with anything, causing list_things/1 to always succeed and leave through the 'exit' port.
As with the second clause of list_things/1, it is often the case that we do not care what the value of a variable is, it is simply a place marker. For these situations there is a special variable called the anonymous variable, represented as an underscore (_). For example
list_things(_).
Next we will write list_connections/1, which lists connecting rooms. Since rules can refer to other rules, as well as to facts, we can write list_connections/1 just like list_things/1 by using the connection/2 rule.
list_connections(Place) :- connect(Place, X), tab(2), write(X), nl, fail. list_connections(_).
Trying it gives us
?- list_connections(hall). dining room office yes
Now we are ready to write look/0. The single fact here(kitchen) tells us where we are in the game. (In chapter 7 we will see how to move about the game by dynamically changing here/1.) We can use it with the two list predicates to write the full look/0.
look :- here(Place), write('You are in the '), write(Place), nl, write('You can see:'), nl, list_things(Place), write('You can go to:'), nl, list_connections(Place).
Given we are in the kitchen, this is how it works.
?- look. You are in the kitchen You can see: apple broccoli crackers You can go to: office cellar dining room yes
We now have an understanding of the fundamentals of Prolog, and it is worth summarizing what we have learned so far. We have seen the following about rules in Prolog.
We have seen the following about Prolog's control flow.
We now understand the following aspects of Prolog programming.
With this level of understanding, we can make a lot of progress on the exercise applications. Take some time to work with the programs to consolidate your understanding before moving on to the following chapters.
1- Consider the following Prolog logicbase.
a(a1,1). a(A,2). a(a3,N). b(1,b1). b(2,B). b(N,b3). c(X,Y) :- a(X,N), b(N,Y). d(X,Y) :- a(X,N), b(Y,N). d(X,Y) :- a(N,X), b(N,Y).
Predict the answers to the following queries, then check them with Prolog, tracing.
?- a(X,2). ?- b(X,kalamazoo). ?- c(X,b3). ?- c(X,Y). ?- d(X,Y).
2- Experiment with the various rules that were developed during this chapter, tracing them all.
3- Write look_in/1 for Nani Search. It should list the things located in its argument. For example, look_in(desk) should list the contents of the desk.
4- Build rules for the various family relationships that were developed as queries in the last chapter. For example
mother(M,C):- parent(M,C), female(M).
5- Build a rule for siblings. You will probably find your rule lists an individual as his/her own sibling. Use trace to figure out why.
6- We can fix the problem of individuals being their own siblings by using the built-in predicate that succeeds if two values are unequal, and fails if they are the same. The predicate is \=(X,Y). Jumping ahead a bit (to operator definitions in chapter 12), we can also write it in the form X \= Y.
7- Use the sibling predicate to define additional rules for brothers, sisters, uncles, aunts, and cousins.
8- If we want to represent marriages in the family logicbase, we run into the two-way door problem we encountered in Nani Search. Unlike parent/2, which has two arguments with distinct meanings, married/2 can have the arguments reversed without changing the meaning.
Using the Nani Search door/2 predicate as an example, add some basic family data with a spouse/2 predicate. Then write the predicate married/2 using connect/2 as a model.
9- Use the new married predicate to add rules for uncles and aunts that get uncles and aunts by marriage as well as by blood. You should have two rules for each of these relationships, one for the blood case and one for the marriage case. Use trace to follow their behavior.
10- Explore other relationships, such as those between in-laws.
11- Write a predicate for grandparent/2. Use it to find both a grandparent and a grandchild.
grandparent(someone, X). grandparent(X, someone).
Trace its behavior for both uses. Depending on how you wrote it, one use will require many more steps than the other. Write two predicates, one called grandparent/2 and one called grandchild/2. Order the goals in each so that they are efficient for their intended uses.
12- Write a rule item_quantity/2 that is used to find the inventory level of a named item. This shields the user of this predicate from having to deal with the item numbers.
13- Write a rule that produces an inventory report using the item_quantity/2 predicate. It should display the name of the item and the quantity on hand. It should also always succeed. It will be similar to list_things/2.
14- Write a rule which defines a good customer. You might want to identify different cases of a good customer.
Expert systems are often called rule-based systems. The rules are "rules of thumb" used by experts to solve certain problems. The expert system includes an inference engine, which knows how to use the rules.
There are many kinds of inference engines and knowledge representation techniques that are used in expert systems. Prolog is an excellent language for building any kind of expert system. However, certain types of expert systems can be built directly using Prolog's native rules. These systems are called structured selection systems.
The code listing for 'birds' in the appendix contains a sample system that can be used to identify birds. You will be asked to build a similar system in the exercises. It can identify anything, from animals to cars to diseases.
15- Decide what kind of expert system you would like to build, and add a few initial identification rules. For example, a system to identify house pets might have these rules.
pet(dog):- size(medium), noise(woof). pet(cat):- size(medium), noise(meow). pet(mouse):- size(small), noise(squeak).
16- For now, we can use these rules by putting the known facts in the logicbase. For example, if we add size(medium) and noise(meow) and then pose the query pet(X) we will find X=cat.
Many Prologs allow clauses to be entered directly at the listener prompt, which makes using this expert system a little easier. The presence of the neck symbol (:-) signals to the listener that the input is a clause to be added. So to add facts directly to the listener workspace, they must be made into rules, as follows.
?- size(medium) :- true. recorded ?- noise(meow) :- true. recorded
Jumping ahead, you can also use assert/1 like this
?- assert(size(medium)). yes ?- assert(noise(meow)). yes
These examples use the predicates in the general form attribute(value). In this simple example, the pet attribute is deduced. The size and noise attributes must be given.
17- Improve the expert system by having it ask for the attribute/values it can't deduce. We do this by first adding the rules
size(X):- ask(size, X). noise(X):- ask(noise, X).
For now, ask/2 will simply check with the user to see if an attribute/value pair is true or false. It will use the built-in predicate read/1 which reads a Prolog term (ending in a period of course).
ask(Attr, Val):- write(Attr),tab(1),write(Val), tab(1),write('(yes/no)'),write(?), read(X), X = yes.
The last goal, X = yes, attempts to unify X and yes. If yes was read, then it succeeds, otherwise, it fails.
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Pair Programming is when two people work as a team to complete a programming project. This allows both developers to learn and grow through a process of teaching and mentoring. Developers can trade off of each role exchanging ideas and knowledge to complete the project.
Pair programming creates a culture of working together. Working as a part of a team and being able to communicate and collaborate are required skills for programmers in the work place. Pair programming is becoming more popular in software companies because it reduces errors, transfers knowledge, and allows companies to quickly on-board new developers.
The driver is the person at the keyboard typing the code, while the navigator is directing the driver. The navigator also checks for errors and typos. It is important that there is open communication and collaboration when pair programming.
Pairing wiht Amadou was great! He was very easy to work with, and we collaborated easily. We traded off between driver and navigator many times during the session. We each had a different approach on the css portion, but we worked well together, and we're both happy with the final product.


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What is happiness? Are you happy? Am I happy? If yes, how do we know that we are happy. Well first of all there is no definition for happiness per se. It is truly a subjective matter.It is a feeling which all of us experience from time to time. Is happiness culture specific or is it a universal concept.Well it’s a matter of debate but experts say that it is both. The individualistic and collectivistic conceptions of self provide different basis for the meaning of happiness. Happiness in America can be individual’s subjective judgment about his own life whereas in India happiness of an individual can be related to the happiness of his family and relationships.
Happiness is broadly classified into two types: Hedonic and Eudaimonic
Hedonic happiness is expressed in terms of subjective well being.It is seen as enjoyment of life and its worldly pleasures, life satisfaction. Hedonic activities make people relaxed, excited, content and happy and that leads to loosing track of time and personal problems. happinessHedonism is not new to us.A form of hedonistic life sytle has been part of our philosophy since ages. One of the earliest to talk about hedonism was Carvaka philosophy. It dealt with the materialistic view of life.Carvaka rejected the idea of spiritualism and professed that the ultimate aim of humans is to enjoy pleasure.The following couplet from Carvaka gives a fair idea on the type of living it suggested.
Yavatjivet Sukham Jivet Wrinam Kritwa Ghritam Pibet Bhasmabhutasya Dehasya Punaragamanam Kutah
“As long as you live, live happily and merrily, eat ghee even if you have to borrow. Because once the body is turned to ashes there is no coming back and no repayment of loans” Eat, drink and be happy kind of thought you see. I guess most of us are following the same philosophy.
Second type of happiness is eudaimonic i.e happiness which is in accordance with our diamon(true self).It is expression and fulfillment of our inner potential. Sometimes despite having all the materialistic pleasures of life we feel lost, we feel something is missing, something which can define my self, we seem to be happy but we are not happy. This means we are in search of happiness which is beyond the worldly pleasures.We are in quest of meaning of our life, we are in quest of defining our life.That is what is known as eudaimonic happiness – the happiness which results from striving towards self actualization.We are happiest when we achieve our goals and develop our inner potentials. Self actualization is often talked about by the Humanistic psychologists and most famous one is Maslow’s Hierachy Of Needs theory. Maslow talks about basic needs which motivates a person to work and achieve those needs.On top of the hierarchy is the self actualization i.e after achieving the basic needs of food,sex,shelter,security,family and society one looks for self actualization and it is ultimate aim of life. Well I guess we all are happy as well as unhappy in our own ways.
We live a life which is both hedonistic as well as eudaimonistic sometimes if not always. Lucky are those who can live a hedonistic life always because eudaimonic happiness can be a heck of a challenge and perhaps not everyone can achieve it.
Before I windup, listed below are some factors which promote happiness :Self acceptance – positive evaluation of self and one’s past
Positive relations with others
Strong sense of meaning and purpose in life
Autonomy – sense of self while taking actions and choices
Accurate perception of reality
Please note the list is not exhaustive and only includes some of the basic factors , do not forget that happiness is always subjective.
Happiness is when what you think, what you say, and what you do are in harmony. ~Mahatma Gandhi


WITNESS LIST Government Organization Committee March 14, 2005 - 1:30P SB 140 Registering, but not testifying: On: Garcia, Buddy Assistant Secretary of State (Office of the Secretary of State), Austin, TX SB 164 FOR: Patterson, Jerry Land Commissioner (Self), Austin, TX SB 399 FOR: Mintz, David Vice President, government affairs (Texas Apartment Association), Austin, TX SB 402 Registering, but not testifying: For: Canada, Don Association Management (Texas Podiatric Medical Association), Austin, TX On: Alonzo, Janie Staff Services Officer (Texas State Board of Podiatric Medical Examiners), Austin, TX Makan, Hemant Investigator V (Texas State Board of Podiatric Medical Examiners), Austin, TX Zukowski, Jim Executive Director (Texas State Board of Podiatric Medical Examiners), Austin, TX SB 403 Registering, but not testifying: On: Patterson, Debbie Manager of Professional Licensing (Dept. of State Health Services), Austin, TX SB 415 FOR: Rider, Kathy Clinical Social Worker (Texas Society for Clinical Social Worker), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Miller, Carol Social Work (National Association of Social Workers), Austin, TX On: Marks, Andrew Executive Director (Texas State Board of Social Workers Examiners), Austin, TX SB 464 ON: Del Vento, Ronald Assistant Attorney General (Texas Attorney General), Austin, TX Greenberg, Jan General Counsel (Texas Higher Education Coordinating Board), Austin, TX SB 483 Registering, but not testifying: For: Meraz, Gloria (Texas Library Association), Austin, TX Quinzi, Patty Lobbyist (Association of Texas Professional Educators), Austin, TX Randolph, Mary Faye School Librarian (Texas Library Association), Austin, TX Richardson, Janice school librarian (Texas Library Association), Austin, TX


Based on our extensive and very scientific data colleciton process, we have concluded that your favorite bits of cats are:


 This was true of many towns in England; this film then applies to the other towns in England, South Wales and Southern Scotland that were devastated when in 1992 many pit mines were being closed, leaving the people, the miners, the storekeepers without any income. For hundreds of years these coal mines were the life's blood of the country and its people. Suddenly, they were being shut, one after the other.
This film is about the plight of one representative town and how it fought the authorities and the independent mine owners to keep the mines open. The title, BRASSED OFF, I assume is a pun meaning "pissed off" as indeed the townspeople were but also refers to the brass band which they loved and gave them inspiration in a time of depression. Leader and conductor of the band was Danny (Pete Postlethwaite) who had worked in the mines all his life and was now slowly feeling the debilitating effects of the lung disease to which miners are prone.
Danny's spirit kept the town from complete despair but was not enough to keep the amateur musicians happy in the face of the mine's imminent closing. Luckily, along came Gloria (Tara Fitzgerald) a lovely young woman who used to live in the town but had left some years ago. . . and she could play music beautifully, giving a lift to the unhappy people at a time when they needed it badly..
Intermingling the story of the mine's closing with the music of the brass band gives the film a unique feeling. They play beautifully and spiritedly but when Danny becomes suddenly ill, the spirit of the band falls to earth like so much coal being dumped. Add to this that Gloria is in love with a young miner, her teenage boyfriend Andy (Ewan McGregor) when the miners find out she is employed by the Coal Board. Despite her protests that she is on the side of the union, of the miners, she is scorned.
This, then, is the very well told story of the mines, of the people and their band. It also is the revealing story of the Coal Board. When Gloria accuses the head of the Board of having made up his mind to close the mines two weeks ago before she could get statistics to suggest they keep the mine open, he replies "That is not true. We made the decision to close the mines two years ago.".
Fine acting, uplifting music and a slam-bang ending make this a most worthwhile film to attend.
Tautly Directed by Stephen Tompkinson.
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pet!adopt [pet] [petname] - adopt your first pet!
pet!pet (Cooldown 15s) - Pet your pet and earn some XP!
pet!play (Cooldown 5m) - Play with your pet and earn XP & Tickets!
pet!daily (Cooldown 1d) - Get your daily tickets every 24 hours!
pet!profile {member} - Check your/friends profile
pet!adventure|adv (Cooldown 6m & Minimum 500 XP) - Send your pet to adventure! He will search items
pet!rename - Rename your pet name for 250 Tickets!
pet!inventory|inv {member} - Check your/friends inventory
pet!shop|buy|store {item} - Check the store OR Buy a product
pet!blackmarket {rare pet name} - Check blackmarket/buy rare pet from the blackmarket
pet!feed [item] - Feed your pet with items and earn some XP!
pet!crate [crate name] - Open crate and get some loot!
pet!potion [potion name] - Use potion on your pet
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pet!list - Check pet list
pet!moves {member} - Check your/member move-list
pet!addmove [move name] - Add custom-move to your move-list for 550 tickets *Maximum 4 custom-moves are allowed
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pet!readopt - When you reach 10000 XP you can give your pet and adopt new one! as prize receive 20000 Tickets
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Marillion are on the cover on the new issue of Prog, on sale today!
by https://www.facebook.com/progPlus Steve Hillage, Anthony Phillips, No-Man, Leprous, Bent Knee and more...
The new issue of Prog is on sale today, with Marillion gracing the cover.
“We took everybody by surprise,” say Marillion as we celebrate the band’s 40th anniversary in the latest issue of Prog. We sat down with Fish, Mick Pointer, Mark Kelly, Steve Rothery and Pete Trewavas to chart the band’s early career and path to the UK Top Ten with debut album Script For A Jester’s Tear.
This issue also comes with a 2020 Calendar featuring the Marillion artwork of Mark Wilkinson, who also tells us how he created the band’s famous jester character and how he and Marillion developed the character over subsequent albums and singles.
Also in Prog 104...
Steve Hillage - the prog guitar icon recalls his time as a member of the effervescent Gong.
Anthony Philips - the former Genesis guitarist discusses his brand new album Strings Of Light.
No-Man - Steven Wilson and Tim Bowness are back with their first album for 11 years.
Steve Jansen - the former Japan drummer discusses his time in the band and his later work with brother David, Steven Wilson, Richard Barbieri and more...
Bent Knee - the Boston sextet make some angular new noise with their latest album.
Leprous - Eniar Solberg and co aim for new heights with their latest album Pitfalls.
The Flaming Lips - Wayne Coyne's madcap crew really up the prog ante with new concept album King's Mouth.
Alcest - "We're not a black metal band," insist the French dark prog duo.
Magic Pie - number five is alive with the new album from the Norwegian proggers.
Neil Innes - the Bonzo and Rutles man reflects on a career that's constantly flirted with prog.
Galen Ayers - Kevin Ayers' daughter reflects on the impact of her father's music.
Telepath - mainman Jacob Holm-Lupo opens up about his own prog world.
Critics' Choice - the Prog Magazine writers choose their albums of 2019.
Plus live and album reviews from Gentle Giant, Pink Floyd, King Crimson, District 97, The Pineapple Thief, Pendragon, Summer's End, Progstock, Opeth, Big Big Train, Curved Air, Between The Buried & Me, Renaissance and more...
And music from American Tears, 69 Windmills, Anders Buaas, Evership and more on the free CD.


Unison healthcare workers to begin 'work to rule' action next week
by Seanín GrahamTHE trade union representing the majority of Northern Ireland's healthcare workers is to begin 'work to rule' next week.
Unison yesterday announced a timescale for "phased" industrial action - which will run through to March next year - and how services will be impacted.
Last week it also confirmed it was in talks with counterparts in the Royal College of Nursing (RCN) about "co-ordinating" strike action.
The RCN has earmarked December 18 for a walk-out, the first in its 103-year history.
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The crisis centres on a dispute around staffing and pay.
Nurses, paramedics, support service, clerical and social services staff across the north's five health trusts will be among those taking part in the first "wave" of action by Unison, starting on Monday.
It will affect:
- Sterile services across major hospitals
- Hospital and social services transport across the Belfast and Northern health trusts
- Domestic services, portering, catering and laundry in the Ulster and Lagan Valley Hospitals
- Portering services in Craigavon Area Hospital.
Unison, which has almost 30,000 members in the north's healthcare sector, said groups of workers will stage actions at different locations and on separate days, with trust bosses receiving a week's notice of their plans.
Claire Simpson: Health service cannot be allowed to fall over a cliff-edge
Working to rule will include:
- refusing to have breaks interrupted
- working strictly to health and safety protocols
- withdrawal from all union/management/Department of Health engagement except regional meetings on dispute resolution
- refusing to cover the work of others taking action.
Regional secretary Patricia McKeown said members had "not taken the decision lightly".
She said "Phase 1" will run from November 25 "up to and including 18th December", with Phase 2 running to March 2020.
"Our members are determined to fight for justice on both pay and staffing levels. They are determined to break the cycle of hundreds of millions of pounds haemorrhaging out of the health budget and into the hands of private agencies," Ms McKeown said.
"They are determined to see our NHS workforce stabilised and allowed to get on with the serious business of delivering health and social care to the people of Northern Ireland.
"We know that the public is supportive of our campaign for pay justice. We now challenge those in charge... to match the courage and determination of the workforce to save the health service from further crisis."
In a statement earlier this month in response to planned industrial action by trade unions, the Department of Health said it "remains focussed on finding a way forward".
"In this context we are currently finalising a formal pay offer for 2019/20," a spokesman said.
"This will be the best offer possible within the budget available, but the reality is that our ability to address pay issues is inevitably constrained at a time of intense budgetary pressures for health and social care services.
"Every pound spent on one priority area is a pound not available for another."


The carbon monoxide level in your blood drops to normal.
Damaged nerve endings have started to regrow and your sense of smell and taste are beginning to return to normal.
Your entire body will test 100% nicotine-free
Recovery has likely progressed to the point where your addiction is no longer doing the talking.
Blood circulation in your gums and teeth are now similar to that of a non-user.
Brain acetylcholine receptor counts that were up-regulated in response to nicotine's presence have now down-regulated
Coughing and shortness of breath decrease; cilia start to regain normal function in the lungs
The excess risk of coronary heart disease is half that of a continuing smoker’s.


Tome of Mastering
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Tools
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About
Type: Humanoid
Composed of
Aarakocra
Composed of
Acolyte
Composed of
Archmage
Composed of
Assassin
Composed of
Bandit
Composed of
Bandit Captain
Composed of
Berserker
Composed of
Bugbear
Composed of
Bugbear Chief
Composed of
Bullywug
Composed of
Commoner
Composed of
Cult Fanatic
Composed of
Cultist
Composed of
Deep Gnome
Composed of
Drow
Composed of
Drow Elite Warrior
Composed of
Drow Mage
Composed of
Drow Priestess of Lolth
Composed of
Druid
Composed of
Duergar
Composed of
Githyanki Knight
Composed of
Githyanki Warrior
Composed of
Githzerai Monk
Composed of
Githzerai Zerth
Composed of
Gladiator
Composed of
Gnoll
Composed of
Gnoll Fang of Yeenoghu
Composed of
Gnoll Pack Lord
Composed of
Goblin
Composed of
Goblin Boss
Composed of
Grimlock
Composed of
Guard
Composed of
Half-Red Dragon Veteran
Composed of
Hobgoblin
Composed of
Hobgoblin Captain
Composed of
Hobgoblin Warlord
Composed of
Jackalwere
Composed of
Kenku
Composed of
Knight
Composed of
Kobold
Composed of
Kuo-toa
Composed of
Kuo-toa Archpriest
Composed of
Kuo-toa Monitor
Composed of
Kuo-toa Whip
Composed of
Lizard King
Composed of
Lizard Queen
Composed of
Lizardfolk
Composed of
Lizardfolk Shaman
Composed of
Mage
Composed of
Merfolk
Composed of
Noble
Composed of
Orc
Composed of
Orc Eye of Gruumsh
Composed of
Orc War Chief
Composed of
Orog
Composed of
Priest
Composed of
Quaggoth
Composed of
Quaggoth Thonot
Composed of
Sahuagin
Composed of
Sahuagin Baron
Composed of
Sahuagin Priestess
Composed of
Scout
Composed of
Spy
Composed of
Thri-kreen
Composed of
Thug
Composed of
Tribal Warrior
Composed of
Troglodyte
Composed of
Veteran
Composed of
Werebear
Composed of
Wereboar
Composed of
Wererat
Composed of
Weretiger
Composed of
Werewolf
Composed of
Winged Kobold
Composed of
Yuan-ti Pureblood
Composed of
Derro
Composed of
Derro Savant
Composed of
Drow Arachnomancer
Composed of
Drow Favored Consort
Composed of
Drow House Captain
Composed of
Drow Inquisitor
Composed of
Drow Matron Mother
Composed of
Drow Shadowblade
Composed of
Duergar Despot
Composed of
Duergar Kavalrachni
Composed of
Duergar Mind Master
Composed of
Duergar Soulblade
Composed of
Duergar Stone Guard
Composed of
Duergar Warlord
Composed of
Duergar Xarrorn
Composed of
Giff
Composed of
Githyanki Gish
Composed of
Githyanki Kith'rak
Composed of
Githyanki Supreme Commander
Composed of
Githzerai Anarch
Composed of
Githzerai Enlightened
Composed of
Gloom Weaver
Composed of
Meazel
Composed of
Nagpa
Composed of
Shadow Dancer
Composed of
Skulk
Composed of
Soul Monger
Composed of
Tortle
Composed of
Tortle Druid
Composed of
Abjurer
Composed of
Apprentice Wizard
Composed of
Archdruid
Composed of
Archer
Composed of
Bard
Composed of
Blackguard
Composed of
Champion
Composed of
Conjurer
Composed of
Deep Scion
Composed of
Diviner
Composed of
Enchanter
Composed of
Evoker
Composed of
Firenewt Warlock of Imix
Composed of
Firenewt Warrior
Composed of
Flind
Composed of
Gnoll Flesh Gnawer
Composed of
Gnoll Hunter
Composed of
Grung
Composed of
Grung Elite Warrior
Composed of
Grung Wildling
Composed of
Hobgoblin Devastator
Composed of
Hobgoblin Iron Shadow
Composed of
Illusionist
Composed of
Kobold Dragonshield
Composed of
Kobold Inventor
Composed of
Kobold Scale Sorcerer
Composed of
Kraken Priest
Composed of
Martial Arts Adept
Composed of
Master Thief
Composed of
Necromancer
Composed of
Nilbog
Composed of
Orc Blade of Ilneval
Composed of
Orc Claw of Luthic
Composed of
Orc Hand of Yurtrus
Composed of
Orc Nurtured One of Yurtrus
Composed of
Orc Red Fang of Shargaas
Composed of
Sea Spawn
Composed of
Swashbuckler
Composed of
Transmuter
Composed of
War Priest
Composed of
Warlock of the Archfey
Composed of
Warlock of the Fiend
Composed of
Warlock of the Great Old One
Composed of
Warlord
Composed of
Xvart
Composed of
Xvart Speaker
Composed of
Xvart Warlock of Raxivort
Composed of
Yuan-ti Broodguard


Using the idea of "tipping point" (proposed in Gregory Campbell, Gene Pennello and Lilly Yue(2011) <doi:10.1080/10543406.2011.550094>) to visualize the results of sensitivity analysis for missing data, the package provides a set of functions to list out all the possible combinations of the values of missing data in two treatment arms, calculate corresponding estimated treatment effects and p values and draw a colored heat-map to visualize them. It could deal with randomized experiments with a binary outcome or a continuous outcome. In addition, the package provides a visualized method to compare various imputation methods by adding the rectangles or convex hulls on the basic plot.
| Version: | 1.1.0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.0.0) |
| Imports: | ggplot2 (≥ 2.0.0), RColorBrewer, bayesSurv, reshape2 |
| Suggests: | knitr, rmarkdown |
| Published: | 2016-05-02 |
| Author: | Shengjie Zhang, Xikun Han and Victoria Liublinska |
| Maintainer: | Xikun Han <hanxikun2014 at 163.com> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| In views: | MissingData |
| CRAN checks: | TippingPoint results |
| Reference manual: | TippingPoint.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
TippingPoint |
| Package source: | TippingPoint_1.1.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: TippingPoint_1.1.0.zip, r-release: TippingPoint_1.1.0.zip, r-oldrel: TippingPoint_1.1.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: TippingPoint_1.1.0.tgz, r-oldrel: TippingPoint_1.1.0.tgz |
| Old sources: | TippingPoint archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=TippingPoint to link to this page.


+++ draft = false date = "2006-08-12T19:48:21-03:00" title = "Tricks of the mind" tags = ["rants"] created = "2006-08-12T19:44:25-03:00" modified = "2006-08-12T20:38:14-03:00" permaLink = "http://play.pixelblaster.ro/blog/archive/2006/08/12/tricks-of-the-mind" author = "Tiberiu Ichim" aliases = [ "/blog/archive/2006/08/12/tricks-of-the-mind" ] +++
I've been playing in my mind, for the last two days, for no apparent reason, "Birds of a feather" by Phish. I even asked myself at one point what's with the song that keeps appearing in my mind. Well, I think I found the reason. For the last two days, the first portlet on my customized slashdot homepage was KDENews, which had a news item on a "Birds of a Feather" KDE event. The weird thing is that I didn't consciously made the connection with the song, but every time I visited the slashdot page, I got the song in the back of my mind.


--- layout: post title: '' date: '2009-11-28T13:41:33-08:00' tags: tumblr_url: http://alexhwilliams.tumblr.com/post/261160639/schlomo-this-is-awesome-and-scary-at-the-same ---
schlomo:
This is awesome and scary at the same time! (via ) It is scary!
This is awesome and scary at the same time!
(via )
It is scary!


{% extends 'app/base/base.html' %} {% load bootstrap3 %} {% block title %}DjangoPharma{% endblock %} {% block subtitle %}About our Comapny{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Company: Local Pharmacy L.T.D
Address:
Axarnon 323
Athens, Greece 10445
Telephone:21080808000
Founded: 2000
Our company has been operating in the pharmaceutical sector since 2000. We have been providing pharmaceutical care, health counseling, pharmaceutical, health and beauty products through our Pharmacy Store located at Axarnon 343, Athens.
Our Pharmacy Store was founded in 2000 and has already 17 years of history providing responsible health-care services to the community of Athens. In the period 2000-2014, the Pharmacy operated exclusively under the management of the pharmacist Danai Sotiropoulou.
Our vision is to improve the quality of life of our customers, by providing the best health-care services and products at the best prices, while offering responsible counseling and a pleasant shopping experience.
Our Goal To offer the same services on the Internet, as in our Pharmacy store, to as many people as possible.
We would like to thank all our customers for their trust and loyalty. We promise that will always try to provide them with a respectful, responsible and honest service.


{% extends 'brambling/layouts/12_sm.html' %} {% load staticfiles %} {% load floppyforms %} {% load brambling_forms %} {% block title %}Create New Event – {{ block.super }}{% endblock %} {% block content %} {% if not request.user.is_authenticated %}
Dancerfly is a great platform for workshops, exchanges, series classes, & more.
Start creating events today!


NAME
bpkg-common-options
– details on common options
SYNOPSIS
bpkg [common-options] ...
DESCRIPTION
The common options control behavior that is common to all or most of the
bpkg
commands. They can be specified either before the
command or after, together with the command-specific options.
COMMON OPTIONS
-v
- Print essential underlying commands being executed. This is equivalent
to
--verbose 2
. -V
- Print all underlying commands being executed. This is equivalent to
--verbose 3
. --quiet
|-q
- Run quietly, only printing error messages. This is equivalent to
--verbose 0
. --verbose
level
- Set the diagnostics verbosity to
level
between 0 and 6. Level 0 disables any non-error messages while level 6 produces lots of information, with level 1 being the default. The following additional types of diagnostics are produced at each level:- High-level information messages.
- Essential underlying commands being executed.
- All underlying commands being executed.
- Information that could be helpful to the user.
- Information that could be helpful to the developer.
- Even more detailed information.
--jobs
|-j
num
- Number of jobs to perform in parallel. If this option is not specified
or specified with the
0
value, then the number of available hardware threads is used. This option is also propagated when performing build system operations such asupdate
,test
, etc. --no-result
- Don't print informational messages about the outcome of performing a command.
--no-progress
- Suppress progress indicators for long-lasting operations, such as network transfers, building, etc.
--build
path
- The build program to be used to build packages. This should be the
path to the build2
b
executable. You can also specify additional options that should be passed to the build program with--build-option
.If the build program is not explicitly specified, then
bpkg
will by default useb
plus an executable suffix if one was specified when buildingbpkg
. So, for example, ifbpkg
name was set tobpkg-1.0
, then it will look forb-1.0
. --build-option
opt
- Additional option to be passed to the build program. See
--build
for more information on the build program. Repeat this option to specify multiple build options. --fetch
path
- The fetch program to be used to download resources. Currently,
bpkg
recognizescurl
,wget
, andfetch
. Note that the last component ofpath
must contain one of these names as a substring in order forbpkg
to recognize which program is being used. You can also specify additional options that should be passed to the fetch program with--fetch-option
.If the fetch program is not specified, then
bpkg
will try to discover if one of the above programs is available and use that. Currently,bpkg
has the following preference order:wget
1.16 or higher (supports--show-progress
),curl
,wget
, andfetch
. --fetch-option
opt
- Additional option to be passed to the fetch program. See
--fetch
for more information on the fetch program. Repeat this option to specify multiple fetch options. --fetch-timeout
sec
- The fetch and fetch-like (for example,
git
) program timeout. While the exact semantics of the value depends on the program used, at a minimum it specifies in seconds the maximum time that can be spent without any network activity.Specifically, it is translated to the
--max-time
option forcurl
and to the--timeout
option forwget
andfetch
. Forgit
over HTTP/HTTPS this semantics is achieved using thehttp.lowSpeedLimit
=1http.lowSpeedTime
=sec configuration values (thegit://
andssh://
protocols currently do not support timeouts).See
--fetch
and--git
for more information on the fetch programs. --git
path
- The git program to be used to fetch git repositories. You can also
specify additional options that should be passed to the git program with
--git-option
.If the git program is not explicitly specified, then
bpkg
will usegit
by default. --git-option
opt
- Additional common option to be passed to the git program. Note that
the common options are the ones that precede the
git
command. See--git
for more information on the git program. Repeat this option to specify multiple git options. --sha256
path
- The sha256 program to be used to calculate SHA256 sums. Currently,
bpkg
recognizessha256
,sha256sum
, andshasum
. Note that the last component ofpath
must contain one of these names as a substring in order forbpkg
to recognize which program is being used. You can also specify additional options that should be passed to the sha256 program with--sha256-option
.If the sha256 program is not specified, then
bpkg
will try to discover if one of the above programs is available and use that. Currently,bpkg
has the following preference order:sha256
,sha256sum
, andshasum
. --sha256-option
opt
- Additional option to be passed to the sha256 program. See
--sha256
for more information on the sha256 program. Repeat this option to specify multiple sha256 options. --tar
path
- The tar program to be used to extract package archives. For example,
gtar
orbsdtar
. You can also specify additional options that should be passed to the tar program with--tar-option
. If the tar program is not explicitly specified, thenbpkg
will usetar
by default. --tar-option
opt
- Additional option to be passed to the tar program. See
--tar
for more information on the tar program. Repeat this option to specify multiple tar options. --openssl
path
- The openssl program to be used for crypto operations. You can also
specify additional options that should be passed to the openssl program
with
--openssl-option
. If the openssl program is not explicitly specified, thenbpkg
will useopenssl
by default.The
--openssl*
values can be optionally qualified with the openssl command in thecommand:value
form. This makes the value only applicable to the specific command, for example:bpkg rep-create \ --openssl rsautl:/path/to/openssl \ --openssl-option rsautl:-engine \ --openssl-option rsautl:pkcs11 \ ...
An unqualified value that contains a colon can be specified as qualified with an empty command, for example,
--openssl :C:\bin\openssl
. To see openssl commands executed bybpkg
, use the verbose mode (-v
option). --openssl-option
opt
- Additional option to be passed to the openssl program. See
--openssl
for more information on the openssl program. The values can be optionally qualified with the openssl command, as discussed in--openssl
. Repeat this option to specify multiple openssl options. --auth
type
- Types of repositories to authenticate. Valid values for this option
are
none
,remote
,all
. By default only remote repositories are authenticated. You can request authentication of local repositories by passingall
or disable authentication completely by passingnone
. --trust
fingerprint
- Trust repository certificate with a SHA256
fingerprint
. Such a certificate is trusted automatically, without prompting the user for a confirmation. Repeat this option to trust multiple certificates.Note that by default
openssl
prints a SHA1 fingerprint and to obtain a SHA256 one you will need to pass the-sha256
option, for example:openssl x509 -sha256 -fingerprint -noout -in cert.pem
--trust-yes
- Assume the answer to all authentication prompts is
yes
. --trust-no
- Assume the answer to all authentication prompts is
no
. --pager
path
- The pager program to be used to show long text. Commonly used pager
programs are
less
andmore
. You can also specify additional options that should be passed to the pager program with--pager-option
. If an empty string is specified as the pager program, then no pager will be used. If the pager program is not explicitly specified, thenbpkg
will try to useless
. If it is not available, then no pager will be used. --pager-option
opt
- Additional option to be passed to the pager program. See
--pager
for more information on the pager program. Repeat this option to specify multiple pager options. --options-file
file
- Read additional options from
file
. Each option should appear on a separate line optionally followed by space or equal sign (=
) and an option value. Empty lines and lines starting with#
are ignored. Option values can be enclosed in double ("
) or single ('
) quotes to preserve leading and trailing whitespaces as well as to specify empty values. If the value itself contains trailing or leading quotes, enclose it with an extra pair of quotes, for example'"x"'
. Non-leading and non-trailing quotes are interpreted as being part of the option value.The semantics of providing options in a file is equivalent to providing the same set of options in the same order on the command line at the point where the
--options-file
option is specified except that the shell escaping and quoting is not required. Repeat this option to specify more than one options file.
BUGS
Send bug reports to the<EMAIL_ADDRESS>mailing list.


{% extends "base.html" %}
{% set active_page = "Schedule" %}
{% set page_title = "Schedule" %}
{% block head %}
{{ super() }}
{% include 'cal_head.html' %}
{% endblock %}
{% block heading %}
Click each QA/Demo session card to find out all papers in the specific session.
Use "day" view to show more details about tutorials and workshops on each day.


Welcome to my Portfolio Landing Page!
I have a degree in Mathematical Sciences and currently working as an auditor and a part-time data analyst in an audit firm. I am on a path to change careers and become a full-time data engineer and that is my main reason for joining Moringa School.
My hobbies include reading self developmant books,kart racing, attending entrepreneurship workshops, hiking and camping.
This is a brief description of some of my favorite animals:
See the link to learn more about this animal. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Giraffe
See the link to learn more about this animal. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Leopard
See the link to learn more about this animal. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cheetah
See the link to learn more about this animal. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dolphin


class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # A Beginners Guide to Call Somatic Mutation ## Part IV ### Lijia Yu ### 2020/10/05
(updated: 2020-10-05) --- # Outline 0. Review 2. SNP calling: Mutect2 3. VCF format 4. Annotation: Annovar --- # Target Region BED file ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/BEDformat.png) - `chrom`: The name of the chromosome (e.g. chr3, chrY, chr2_random) or scaffold (e.g. scaffold10671). - `chromStart`: The starting position of the feature in the chromosome or scaffold. **The first base in a chromosome is numbered 0.** - `chromEnd`: The ending position of the feature in the chromosome or scaffold. The chromEnd base is not included in the display of the feature. For example, the first 100 bases of a chromosome are defined as chromStart=0, chromEnd=100, and span the bases numbered 0-99. .footnote[ [1][BED format](https://genome.ucsc.edu/FAQ/FAQformat.html#format1) ] --- # Workflow ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/Workflow.png) .footnote[ [1][Hands-on Tutorial on SNP Calling](http://www.transplantdb.eu/sites/transplantdb.eu/files/SNPcallingTutorial-Haberer_010715.pdf) ] --- # Somatic short variant discovery (SNVs + Indels) .center[  ] .footnote[ [1] [Somatic short variant discovery (SNVs + Indels)](https://gatk.broadinstitute.org/hc/en-us/articles/360035894731-Somatic-short-variant-discovery-SNVs-Indels-)] --- # Call SNPs and Indels (in our class) - Somatic SNV and Indels in Solid tumor (not include leukemia) -- - Somatic mutation = mutation in tumor tissue but not in normal tissue or blood -- - SNP (single nucleotide polymorphism) -- - SNV (single nucleotide variant) -- - SNA (single-nucleotide alteration) --- # Make a BAM index file ```bash samtools index [-bc] [-m INT] aln.bam|aln.cram [out.index] ``` Index a coordinate-sorted BAM or CRAM file for fast random access. (Note that this does not work with SAM files even if they are bgzip compressed — to index such files, use tabix(1) instead.) This index is needed when region arguments are used to limit samtools view and similar commands to particular regions of interest. If an output filename is given, the index file will be written to out.index. Otherwise, for a CRAM file aln.cram, index file aln.cram.crai will be created; for a BAM file aln.bam, either aln.bam.bai or aln.bam.csi will be created, depending on the index format selected. [1][Samtools](http://www.htslib.org/doc/samtools.html) --- # Mutect2 ```bash gatk --java-options "-Xmx8G" Mutect2 \ -R /home/admin/database/reference/hg19/ucsc.hg19.fasta \ -I ../out/normal_recal.bam \ -I ../out/cancer_recal.bam \ -tumor cancer \ -normal normal \ --germline-resource af-only-gnomad.raw.sites.hg19.vcf.gz \ -L ../in/Illumina.bed \ -O ../out/somatic.vcf.gz ``` --- # FilterMutectCalls ```bash gatk --java-options "-Xmx8G" FilterMutectCalls \ -V ../out/somatic.vcf.gz \ -O ../out/somatic_filtered.vcf.gz ``` ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/filter.png) .footnote[ [1] [Filter somatic SNVs and indels called by Mutect2](https://software.broadinstitute.org/gatk/documentation/tooldocs/<IP_ADDRESS>/org_broadinstitute_hellbender_tools_walkers_mutect_FilterMutectCalls.php) ] --- # VCF format: Meta-information lines ``` ##fileformat=VCFv4.0 ##fileDate=20090805 ##source=myImputationProgramV3.1 ##reference=1000GenomesPilot-NCBI36 ##phasing=partial ``` File meta-information is included after the ## string, often as key=value pairs. .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Meta-information lines ``` ##INFO=<ID=NS,Number=1,Type=Integer,Description="NumberOfSamplesWithData"> ##INFO=<ID=DP,Number=1,Type=Integer,Description="Total Depth"> ##INFO=<ID=AF,Number=.,Type=Float,Description="Allele Frequency"> ##INFO=<ID=AA,Number=1,Type=String,Description="Ancestral Allele"> ##INFO=<ID=DB,Number=0,Type=Flag,Description="dbSNP membership, build 129"> ##INFO=<ID=H2,Number=0,Type=Flag,Description="HapMap2 membership"> ``` INFO fields should be described as follows (all keys are required): ``` ##INFO=<ID=ID,Number=number,Type=type,Description=”description”> ``` Possible Types for INFO fields are: Integer, Float, Flag, Character, and String. .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Meta-information lines ``` ##FILTER=<ID=q10,Description="Quality below 10"> ##FILTER=<ID=s50,Description="Less than 50% of samples have data"> ##FORMAT=<ID=GT,Number=1,Type=String,Description="Genotype"> ##FORMAT=<ID=GQ,Number=1,Type=Integer,Description="Genotype Quality"> ##FORMAT=<ID=DP,Number=1,Type=Integer,Description="Read Depth"> ##FORMAT=<ID=HQ,Number=2,Type=Integer,Description="Haplotype Quality"> ``` FILTERs that have been applied to the data should be described as follows: ``` ##FILTER=<ID=ID,Description=”description”> ``` Likewise, Genotype fields specified in the FORMAT field should be described as follows: ``` ##FORMAT=<ID=ID,Number=number,Type=type,Description=”description”> ``` Possible Types for FORMAT fields are: Integer, Float, Character, and String. .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: The header line syntax ``` #CHROM POS ID REF ALT QUAL FILTER INFO FORMAT NA00001 NA00002 NA00003 ``` The header line names the 8 fixed, mandatory columns. These columns are as follows: - CHROM - POS - ID - REF - ALT - QUAL - FILTER - INFO If genotype data is present in the file, these are followed by a FORMAT column header, then an arbitrary number of sample IDs. The header line is tab-delimited. .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) There are 8 fixed fields per record. All data lines are tab-delimited. In all cases, missing values are specified with a dot (”.”). Fixed fields are: 1.CHROM chromosome: an identifier from the reference genome. All entries for a specific CHROM should form a contiguous block within the VCF file.(Alphanumeric String, Required) .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) 2.POS position: The reference position, with the 1st base having position 1. Positions are sorted numerically, in increasing order, within each reference sequence CHROM. (Integer, Required) .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) 3.ID semi-colon separated list of unique identifiers where available. If this is a dbSNP variant it is encouraged to use the rs number(s). No identifier should be present in more than one data record. If there is no identifier available, then the missing value should be used. (Alphanumeric String) .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) 4.REF reference base(s): Each base must be one of A,C,G,T,N. Bases should be in uppercase. Multiple bases are permitted. The value in the POS field refers to the position of the first base in the String. For InDels, the reference String must include the base before the event (which must be reflected in the POS field). (String, Required). .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) 5.ALT comma separated list of alternate non-reference alleles called on at least one of the samples. Options are base Strings made up of the bases A,C,G,T,N, or an angle-bracketed ID String (”<ID>“). If there are no alternative alleles, then the missing value should be used. Bases should be in uppercase. (Alphanumeric String; no whitespace, commas, or angle-brackets are permitted in the ID String itself) .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) 5.QUAL phred-scaled quality score for the assertion made in ALT. i.e. give -10log_10 prob(call in ALT is wrong). If ALT is ”.” (no variant) then this is -10log_10 p(variant), and if ALT is not ”.” this is -10log_10 p(no variant). High QUAL scores indicate high confidence calls. Although traditionally people use integer phred scores, this field is permitted to be a floating point to enable higher resolution for low confidence calls if desired. (Numeric) .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) 6.FILTER filter: PASS if this position has passed all filters, i.e. a call is made at this position. Otherwise, if the site has not passed all filters, a semicolon-separated list of codes for filters that fail. e.g. “q10;s50” might indicate that at this site the quality is below 10 and the number of samples with data is below 50% of the total number of samples. “0” is reserved and should not be used as a filter String. If filters have not been applied, then this field should be set to the missing value. (Alphanumeric String) .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) 7.INFO additional information: (Alphanumeric String) INFO fields are encoded as a semicolon-separated series of short keys with optional values in the format: <key>=<data>[,data]. Arbitrary keys are permitted, although the following sub-fields are reserved (albeit optional): - AF allele frequency for each ALT allele in the same order as listed: use this when estimated from primary data, not called genotypes - DP combined depth across samples, e.g. DP=154 .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/VCF.png) ### FORMAT: - 1.GT: genotype. The allele values are 0 for the reference allele (what is in the reference sequence), 1 for the first allele listed in ALT, 2 for the second allele list in ALT and so on. - 2.DP: read depth at this position for this sample (Integer) .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # VCF format: Data lines ![](./2019-08-16-A_beginners_guide_to_Call_SNPs_and_indels_Part_III_files/figure/filter.png) - 3.AD: Allelic depths for the ref and alt alleles in theorder listed - 4.AF: Allele fractions of alternate alleles in the tumor .footnote[ [1] [VCF (Variant Call Format) version 4.0](https://www.internationalgenome.org/wiki/Analysis/vcf4.0/) ] --- # Annotation: Annovar ```bash perl /home/admin/software/annovar/table_annovar.pl $INPUT \ /home/admin/software/annovar/humandb -buildver hg19 \ -out $OUT_DIR/$PREFIX.annovar -remove \ -protocol refGene,clinvar_20170905 \ -operation g,f \ -nastring . \ -vcfinput ``` ``` MTOR:NM_004958:exon40:c.C5665G:p.F1888L ``` - gene symbol - transcript id - exon number - cHGVS (info of the variant in coding level) - pHGVS (info of the variant in protein level) --- # Quiz 1.Could you write the commands of call SNVs.Indel and annotation by yourself? Please write your codes in a script file (script.sh). 2.Read the Sequence Variant Nomenclature by yourself. http://varnomen.hgvs.org/


Tammi Terrell - This Old Heart Of Mine
This old heart of mine been broke a thousand times
Each time you break away I feel you're gone to stay
Lonely nights that come, memories that flow
Bringin' ya back again, hurting me more and more
Maybe it's my mistake to show this love that I feel inside
'cause each day that passes by
Ya got me never knowin' if I'm comin' or goin' 'cause
I love you, yes, I do
This old heart (ooh)
I love you, yes, I do
Yes, I do, wait for me
I try hard to hide my hurt inside
This old heart of mine always keep me cryin'
The way you're treatin' me leaves me incomplete
Yeah, you're here for the day, gone for the week
But if you leave me a hundred times
A hundred times I'll take you back
I'm yours whenever you want
I'm not too proud to shout it, tell the world about it 'cause
I love you
This old heart (this old heart) waits for you
And I love ya!
I love you (hoo hoo)
This old heart waits for you
This old heart of mine been broke a thousand times
Each time you break away I feel you're gone to stay
Lonely nights that come, memories that flow
Bringin' ya back again, hurtin' me more and more
Maybe it's my mistake to show this love I feel inside, girl
'Cause each day that passes by
Ya got me never knowin' if I'm comin' or goin' 'cause
I love you, yes, I do (old heart of mine waits for you)
I love you, yes, I do
Yes, I do
I love you
This old heart, darlin' (this old heart)
Will wait for you
I love you
This old heart, darlin' (this old heart)
Will wait for you
I love you, yes, I do, yes, I-I-I-I do
I love you, yes, I do, yes, I-I-I-I do
I love you
Oh, yeah, been broke a thousand times


Please, see OSM Tasking Manager by the Humanitarian OSM Team if you are interested to do mapping for humanitarian purposes.
The globe shows 100 most urgent projects, updated daily.


JSON is a format for storing and transporting data.
JSON is often used when data is sent from a server to a web page.
* The JSON syntax is derived from JavaScript object notation syntax, but the JSON format is text only. Code for reading and generating JSON data can be written in any programming language.
This JSON syntax defines an employees object: an array of 3 employee records (objects):
The JSON format is syntactically identical to the code for creating JavaScript objects.
Because of this similarity, a JavaScript program can easily convert JSON data into native JavaScript objects.
JSON data is written as name/value pairs, just like JavaScript object properties.
A name/value pair consists of a field name (in double quotes), followed by a colon, followed by a value:
| JSON names require double quotes. JavaScript names don't. |
JSON objects are written inside curly braces.
Just like in JavaScript, objects can contain multiple name/value pairs:
JSON arrays are written inside square brackets.
Just like in JavaScript, an array can contain objects:
In the example above, the object "employees" is an array. It contains three objects.
Each object is a record of a person (with a first name and a last name).
A common use of JSON is to read data from a web server, and display the data in a web page.
For simplicity, this can be demonstrated using a string as input:
First, create a JavaScript string containing JSON syntax:
Then, use the JavaScript built-in function JSON.parse() to convert the string into a JavaScript object:
Finally, use the new JavaScript object in your page:


Everyone
Everyone learns in different ways and POWS is a resource for teachers to help them teach in different ways.
Lots of research has been done into the different ways people learn and these have been called learning styles. Learning Theories were the influence that lead to the definition of learning styles.


Simply click with your mouse on the name of the user you wish to select in the table. This will populate the name, username, and password fields in the User Info box on the right. Now you can modify, delete, or do nothing!
1) Select the user you want to edit. 2) Now with their information in the fields inside the User Info box on the right, you can change their name, username, password, or user type. 3) To save these changes just press the blue Update button below the input fields and your done!
1) Select the user you want to delete. 2) Now with their information in the fields inside the User Info box on the right, just press the red "Delete" button below the different user types. You will get a confirmation alert making sure you want to delete this user. 3) Press YES if you want to proceed, or No if you dont.
NOTE!
THIS WILL BE PERMANENT. If you delete the wrong user you will have to create a new user with the same credentials. To do this see "Creating A New User" below.
1) Press the blue Clear Field button below the User Info box to ensure that the input fields are cleared. 2) Enter the info into the input fields. 3) Select the type of user you are creating. 4) Select the blue Create button. SUCCESS! You just created a new user.
If you selected the wrong user DONT PANIC. Just go back to the table and select the correct user. It's that simple! Now make sure that the name, username, and password input fields have the correct information.
There is a Logout link in the right corner of the navigation bar on the top of every page.
In order for you to be able to navigate to the Sample or Culture pages, you must first log out of the user management page and log into the main login on the home page.
Bugs are an unavoidable byproduct of any software development, and developers are always looking to remove them from their programs.
If you have experienced errors while using this program, or have been subject to unusual and/or unexpected behavior, please take the time to submit a bug report to:
or if you have a Github Account:


class TreatmentRepository extends EntityRepository
TreatmentRepository
This class was generated by the Doctrine ORM. Add your own custom
repository methods below.
Methods
| search($term = '', $limit = 10) | ||
| QueryBuilder |
getQueryBuilderForGettingAvailableTreatments()
Get QueryBuilder for getting active treatments that can be used for dropdown field types |
|
| array | getActiveProcedureTypeIdsOfInstitution(InstitutionMedicalCenter $institutionMedicalCenter) | |
| getQueryBuilderForAvailableInstitutionTreatments(InstitutionMedicalCenter $institutionMedicalCenter) |
Details
at line 22
public
search($term = '', $limit = 10)
at line 43
public QueryBuilder
getQueryBuilderForGettingAvailableTreatments()
Get QueryBuilder for getting active treatments that can be used for dropdown field types


3
The Bride's Dream
1 On my bed by night
I sought him whom my soul loves;
I sought him, but found him not.
2 I will rise now and go about the city,
in the streets and in the squares;
I will seek him whom my soul loves.
I sought him, but found him not.
3 The watchmen found me
as they went about in the city.
“Have you seen him whom my soul loves?”
4 Scarcely had I passed them
when I found him whom my soul loves.
I held him, and would not let him go
until I had brought him into my mother's house,
and into the chamber of her who conceived me.
5 I adjure you, O daughters of Jerusalem,
by the gazelles or the does of the field,
that you not stir up or awaken love
until it pleases.
Solomon Arrives for the Wedding
6 What is that coming up from the wilderness
like columns of smoke,
perfumed with myrrh and frankincense,
with all the fragrant powders of a merchant?
7 Behold, it is the litter of Solomon!
Around it are sixty mighty men,
some of the mighty men of Israel,
8 all of them wearing swords
and expert in war,
each with his sword at his thigh,
against terror by night.
9 King Solomon made himself a carriage
from the wood of Lebanon.
10 He made its posts of silver,
its back of gold, its seat of purple;
its interior was inlaid with love
by the daughters of Jerusalem.
11 Go out, O daughters of Zion,
and look upon King Solomon,
with the crown with which his mother crowned him
on the day of his wedding,
on the day of the gladness of his heart.


#include "lwip/tcp.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
Definition at line 34 of file vjbsdhdr.h.
Definition at line 35 of file vjbsdhdr.h.
Definition at line 36 of file vjbsdhdr.h.
Definition at line 44 of file vjbsdhdr.h.


- A Message From Warren Buffett
- News Releases Updated July 1, 2014
- Annual & Interim Reports Updated May 2, 2014
- Warren Buffett's Letters to Berkshire Shareholders Updated March 1, 2014
- Link to SEC Filings
- Charlie Munger's Letters to Wesco Shareholders
- Corporate Governance
- Annual Meeting Information
- Links to Berkshire Subsidiary Companies
- Comparative Rights and Relative Prices of Class A and B Stock Updated January 20, 2010
- Owner's Manual To view the Owner's Manual you may use Adobe Acrobat Reader software. Click here to download. Updated March 1, 2014
- Order Berkshire Activewear On-line
- Letter from Warren E. Buffett Regarding Pledges to Make Gifts of Berkshire Stock Updated August 20, 2012


R/parsnip-arima_boost.R
boost_arima.Rd
boost_arima()
is a way to generate a specification of a time series model
that uses boosting to improve modeling errors (residuals) on Exogenous Regressors.
It works with both "automated" ARIMA (auto.arima
) and standard ARIMA (arima
).
The main algorithms are:
Auto ARIMA + Catboost Errors (engine = auto_arima_catboost
, default)
ARIMA + Catboost Errors (engine = arima_catboost
)
Auto ARIMA + LightGBM Errors (engine = auto_arima_lightgbm
)
ARIMA + LightGBM Errors (engine = arima_lightgbm
)
boost_arima( mode = "regression", seasonal_period = NULL, non_seasonal_ar = NULL, non_seasonal_differences = NULL, non_seasonal_ma = NULL, seasonal_ar = NULL, seasonal_differences = NULL, seasonal_ma = NULL, tree_depth = NULL, learn_rate = NULL, mtry = NULL, trees = NULL, min_n = NULL, sample_size = NULL, loss_reduction = NULL )
| mode | A single character string for the type of model. The only possible value for this model is "regression". |
|---|---|
| seasonal_period | A seasonal frequency. Uses "auto" by default. A character phrase of "auto" or time-based phrase of "2 weeks" can be used if a date or date-time variable is provided. See Fit Details below. |
| non_seasonal_ar | The order of the non-seasonal auto-regressive (AR) terms. Often denoted "p" in pdq-notation. |
| non_seasonal_differences | The order of integration for non-seasonal differencing. Often denoted "d" in pdq-notation. |
| non_seasonal_ma | The order of the non-seasonal moving average (MA) terms. Often denoted "q" in pdq-notation. |
| seasonal_ar | The order of the seasonal auto-regressive (SAR) terms. Often denoted "P" in PDQ-notation. |
| seasonal_differences | The order of integration for seasonal differencing. Often denoted "D" in PDQ-notation. |
| seasonal_ma | The order of the seasonal moving average (SMA) terms. Often denoted "Q" in PDQ-notation. |
| tree_depth | The maximum depth of the tree (i.e. number of splits). |
| learn_rate | The rate at which the boosting algorithm adapts from iteration-to-iteration. |
| mtry | The number of predictors that will be randomly sampled at each split when creating the tree models. |
| trees | The number of trees contained in the ensemble. |
| min_n | The minimum number of data points in a node that is required for the node to be split further. |
| sample_size | The amount of data exposed to the fitting routine. |
| loss_reduction | The reduction in the loss function required to split further. |
The data given to the function are not saved and are only used
to determine the mode of the model. For boost_arima()
, the
mode will always be "regression".
The model can be created using the fit()
function using the
following engines:
"auto_arima_catboost" (default) - Connects to forecast::auto.arima()
and catboost::catboost.train
"arima_catboost" - Connects to forecast::Arima()
and catboost::catboost.train
"auto_arima_lightgbm" - Connects to forecast::auto.arima()
and lightgbm::lgb.train()
"arima_lightgbm" - Connects to forecast::Arima()
and lightgbm::lgb.train()
Main Arguments
The main arguments (tuning parameters) for the ARIMA model are:
seasonal_period
: The periodic nature of the seasonality. Uses "auto" by default.
non_seasonal_ar
: The order of the non-seasonal auto-regressive (AR) terms.
non_seasonal_differences
: The order of integration for non-seasonal differencing.
non_seasonal_ma
: The order of the non-seasonal moving average (MA) terms.
seasonal_ar
: The order of the seasonal auto-regressive (SAR) terms.
seasonal_differences
: The order of integration for seasonal differencing.
seasonal_ma
: The order of the seasonal moving average (SMA) terms.
The main arguments (tuning parameters) for the model Catboost/LightGBM model are:
tree_depth
: The maximum depth of the tree (i.e. number of splits).
learn_rate
: The rate at which the boosting algorithm adapts from iteration-to-iteration.
mtry
: The number of predictors that will be randomly sampled at each split when creating the tree models.
trees
: The number of trees contained in the ensemble.
min_n
: The minimum number of data points in a node that is required for the node to be split further.
sample_size
: The amount of data exposed to the fitting routine.
loss_reduction
: The reduction in the loss function required to split further.
These arguments are converted to their specific names at the time that the model is fit.
Other options and argument can be
set using set_engine()
(See Engine Details below).
If parameters need to be modified, update()
can be used
in lieu of recreating the object from scratch.
The standardized parameter names in boostime
can be mapped to their original names in each engine:
Model 1: ARIMA:
| boostime | forecast::auto.arima | forecast::Arima |
| seasonal_period | ts(frequency) | ts(frequency) |
| non_seasonal_ar, non_seasonal_differences, non_seasonal_ma | max.p(5), max.d(2), max.q(5) | order = c(p(0), d(0), q(0)) |
| seasonal_ar, seasonal_differences, seasonal_ma | max.P(2), max.D(1), max.Q(2) | seasonal = c(P(0), D(0), Q(0)) |
Model 2: Catboost / LightGBM:
| boostime | catboost::catboost.train | lightgbm::lgb.train |
| tree_depth | depth | max_depth |
| learn_rate | learning_rate | learning_rate |
| mtry | rsm | feature_fraction |
| trees | iterations | num_iterations |
| min_n | min_data_in_leaf | min_data_in_leaf |
| loss_reduction | None | min_gain_to_split |
| sample_size | subsample | bagging_fraction |
Other options can be set using set_engine()
.
auto_arima_catboost (default engine)
Model 1: Auto ARIMA (forecast::auto.arima
):
## function (y, d = NA, D = NA, max.p = 5, max.q = 5, max.P = 2, max.Q = 2, ## max.order = 5, max.d = 2, max.D = 1, start.p = 2, start.q = 2, start.P = 1, ## start.Q = 1, stationary = FALSE, seasonal = TRUE, ic = c("aicc", "aic", ## "bic"), stepwise = TRUE, nmodels = 94, trace = FALSE, approximation = (length(x) > ## 150 | frequency(x) > 12), method = NULL, truncate = NULL, xreg = NULL, ## test = c("kpss", "adf", "pp"), test.args = list(), seasonal.test = c("seas", ## "ocsb", "hegy", "ch"), seasonal.test.args = list(), allowdrift = TRUE, ## allowmean = TRUE, lambda = NULL, biasadj = FALSE, parallel = FALSE, ## num.cores = 2, x = y, ...)
Parameter Notes:
All values of nonseasonal pdq and seasonal PDQ are maximums.
The auto.arima
will select a value using these as an upper limit.
xreg
- This should not be used since Catboost will be doing the regression
Model 2: Catboost (catboost::catboost.train
):
## function (learn_pool, test_pool = NULL, params = list())
Parameter Notes:
Catboost uses a params = list()
to capture.
Parsnip / Timeboost automatically sends any args provided as ...
inside of set_engine()
to
the params = list(...)
.
Date and Date-Time Variable
It's a requirement to have a date or date-time variable as a predictor.
The fit()
interface accepts date and date-time features and handles them internally.
Seasonal Period Specification
The period can be non-seasonal (seasonal_period = 1
) or seasonal (e.g. seasonal_period = 12
or seasonal_period = "12 months"
).
There are 3 ways to specify:
seasonal_period = "auto"
: A period is selected based on the periodicity of the data (e.g. 12 if monthly)
seasonal_period = 12
: A numeric frequency. For example, 12 is common for monthly data
seasonal_period = "1 year"
: A time-based phrase. For example, "1 year" would convert to 12 for monthly data.
Univariate (No xregs, Exogenous Regressors):
For univariate analysis, you must include a date or date-time feature. Simply use:
Formula Interface (recommended): fit(y ~ date)
will ignore xreg's.
Multivariate (xregs, Exogenous Regressors)
The xreg
parameter is populated using the fit()
or fit_xy()
function:
Only factor
, ordered factor
, and numeric
data will be used as xregs.
Date and Date-time variables are not used as xregs
character
data should be converted to factor.
Xreg Example: Suppose you have 3 features:
y
(target)
date
(time stamp),
month.lbl
(labeled month as a ordered factor).
The month.lbl
is an exogenous regressor that can be passed to the arima_boost()
using
fit()
:
fit(y ~ date + month.lbl)
will pass month.lbl
on as an exogenous regressor.
fit_xy(data[,c("date", "month.lbl")], y = data$y)
will pass x, where x is a data frame containing month.lbl
and the date
feature. Only month.lbl
will be used as an exogenous regressor.


tabPane
bootstrap
Add tabs to the tabbale element generated by tabbable directive.
tabbable
<li class="tab-pane"> ... </li>


public class ASCIIDisplayer
extends java.lang.Object
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
ASCIIDisplayer()
Constructs an ASCIIDisplayer as a form on the screen with a text area to which text may be written.
|
ASCIIDisplayer(int nRow,
int nCol)
Constructs an ASCIIDisplayer as a form on the screen with a text area of specified number
of rows and columns, to which text may be written.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
close()
Closes the ASCIIDisplayer and frees resources when the user presses Close.
|
void |
hide()
Makes the ASCIIDisplayer invisible, so that it can not be seen on the desktop.
|
void |
newLine()
Writes a newline character so that the next write starts at the beginning of
the next line.
|
void |
setLabel(java.lang.String label)
Changes the text of the label on the text area of the ASCIIDisplayer.
|
void |
show()
Makes the ASCIIDisplayer visible, so that it can be seen on the desktop.
|
void |
waitForUser()
Waits for the user to finish using the ASCIIDisplayer and press OK.
|
void |
writeBoolean(boolean b)
Writes a boolean to the displayer.
|
void |
writeByte(byte b)
Writes a byte to the displayer.
|
void |
writeByte(byte b,
int length)
Writes a byte to the displayer.
|
void |
writeC(char c)
Writes a char to the displayer.
|
void |
writeChar(char c)
Writes a char to the displayer.
|
void |
writeDouble(double d)
Writes a double to the displayer.
|
void |
writeDouble(double d,
int length,
int decimals)
Writes a double to the displayer.
|
void |
writeEOL()
Deprecated.
Use newLine() instead.
|
void |
writeFloat(float f)
Writes a float to the displayer.
|
void |
writeFloat(float f,
int length,
int decimals)
Writes a float to the displayer.
|
void |
writeInt(int i)
Writes an int to the displayer.
|
void |
writeInt(int i,
int length)
Writes an int to the displayer.
|
void |
writeLine(java.lang.String s)
Writes a String to the displayer with a newline character at the end of the String.
|
void |
writeLong(long l)
Writes a long to the displayer.
|
void |
writeLong(long l,
int length)
Writes a long to the displayer.
|
void |
writeObject(java.lang.Object o)
Writes the String representation of an Object to the displayer.
|
void |
writeShort(short s)
Writes a short to the displayer.
|
void |
writeShort(short s,
int length)
Writes a short to the displayer.
|
void |
writeString(java.lang.String s)
Writes a String to the displayer.
|
public ASCIIDisplayer()
public ASCIIDisplayer(int nRow, int nCol)
nRow
- number of rowsnCol
- number of columnspublic void setLabel(java.lang.String label)
label
- The text to be displayed in the labelpublic void writeByte(byte b)
b
- a byte to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeChar(char c)
c
- char to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeC(char c)
c
- a char to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeDouble(double d)
d
- a double to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeFloat(float f)
f
- a float to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeInt(int i)
i
- an int to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeShort(short s)
s
- a short to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeLong(long l)
l
- a long to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeString(java.lang.String s)
s
- a String to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeBoolean(boolean b)
b
- a boolean to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeLine(java.lang.String s)
s
- a String to be displayed on the displayerpublic void writeEOL()
public void writeObject(java.lang.Object o)
o
- the object to be written.public void newLine()
public void writeByte(byte b, int length)
b
- a byte to be displayed on the displayerlength
- the number of characters that the output will be.public void writeDouble(double d, int length, int decimals)
d
- a double to be displayed on the displayerlength
- the number of characters that will be outputed.decimals
- the number of decimal characters that will be outputted.public void writeFloat(float f, int length, int decimals)
f
- a float to be displayed on the displayerlength
- the number of characters that will be outputed.decimals
- the number of decimal characters that will be outputted.public void writeInt(int i, int length)
i
- an int to be displayed on the displayerlength
- the number of characters that the output will be.public void writeShort(short s, int length)
s
- a short to be displayed on the displayerlength
- the number of characters that the output will be.public void writeLong(long l, int length)
l
- a long to be displayed on the displayerlength
- the number of characters that the output will be.public void waitForUser()
public void show()
public void hide()
public void close()


Deep Rising (1998)
Director: Stephen Sommers Cast: Treat Williams, Famke Janssen, Anthony Heald, Kevin J. O'Connor, Djimon Hounsou Rated R: Language, violence
by Nathaniel R. Atcheson<EMAIL_ADDRESS>When I first saw the trailer for Deep Rising, I rolled my eyes because I could see, just from the quick scenes depicted in the preview, that the film would be a genuinely thorough Alien rip-off with some nifty special effects.
But it only took me two minutes to realize that writer/director Stephen Sommers knows exactly what he's doing. Here is a film that consciously rips off most of its ancestors (from Alien all the way up to recent siblings like Anaconda); what makes it such a blast, why I enjoyed every bit of it, is the simple fact that it makes fun of itself and its own genre. The acting is great, the characters are interesting (better than cannon fodder), the humor is fresh and funnier than in most comedies, the violence is ridiculously graphic and gory, and the film is just plain fun.
 When John's engine man Joey (Kevin J. O'Connor) goes snooping around and finds a bunch of missiles, the bad guys make it clear that they are actually en route to sink a cruise ship. As it turns out, the owner of the cruise ship, Nigel Carlton (Anthony Heald), isn't making enough money, so they're going to loot the ship and sink it so he can live off the insurance.
Sounds easy enough, until some kind of enormous mutant creature--with seemingly endless numbers of tentacles all of infinite length--attacks the cruise ship and destroys everyone on board. At this point, it is up to our heroes to save the day, not only against the human bad guys, but from the water bad guys as well.
Sure, we've seen all this before. You'll find very few of the scare tactics in this film new. Some of the scenes will even remind you of films you might have just seen (the jet ski sequences are just like the ones in Hard Rain). This isn't to say that the film is totally useless as a horror flick--Sommers dumps the violence and gore on the audience. The action, too, is really exciting. Scenes towards the end of the film in which the tentacles come racing down corridors at high speeds are just a few of the numerous fun-filled moments that Deep Rising has to offer. Nor does the film feel low-budget and campy--the creature, though clearly digital, looks professional; and the cruise liner, shot only at dark and in the rain (not every film can look like Titanic) is at least convincing for the few seconds that we get to see it. Overall, the visual presentation of Deep Rising is pretty standard, but good nonetheless.
But that's not why I like this movie. The heart of my enjoyment lies in the characters, who are surprisingly well-drawn and interesting. Williams is terrific in the main role; he has a kind of passive aggressive attitude towards everything, but he's so likable and appealing that I was rooting for him from the start. O'Connor, however, has all the funniest lines in the film.  Not only is he funny, but he's well-written as a character, which is unheard of in a film like this.
The bad guys too, though there are a few too many (most of them truly are cannon fodder), are all at least given some sort of identity, whether it be different accents or sexual habits. Several of the actors stand out among the crowd, including Anthony Heald, Wes Studi, Famke Janssen (who plays an interesting pick-pocket thief), and Djimon Hounsou (who some viewers might remember as Cinque in Amistad).
I just love totally silly movies like this. Sommers is a sharp director--he wanted to make a creature flick, but instead of trying to go serious and disturbing, he made this hilarious and wild film that looks at itself and laughs. I couldn't have imagined laughing at a film in which I see a room full of thousands of mutilated humans, corridors splattered with guts and blood and skin, and live people with only half-heads screaming post-mortem, but now I've seen one. Deep Rising isn't for the faint of heart, but it is for those who are tired of the same old horror film garbage.
>From 0-10: 7 Grade: B
Visit FILM PSYCHOSIS at http://www.pyramid.net/natesmovies
Nathaniel R. Atcheson
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


You put the circle anyplace you want and make it any radius. The following seems like a reasonable choice to me:
public class testCircle extends Applet { Circle circ = new Circle( 100, 100, 25 ); public void paint ( Graphics gr ) { circ.draw( gr ); } }
To run the test applet a Web page is needed,
perhaps called testCircle.html
:
<html> <body> <applet code="testCircle.class" width="200" height="200"> </applet> </body> </html>
The source file is compiled in the usual way and run with the appletviewer:
C:\>javac testCircle.java C:\>appletviewer testCircle
(Or you can look at testCircle.html with a Web browser.) Here is what the test applet draws:
The method paint()
of the applet is called whenever the Web browser
needs to paint the 200 by 200 section of the screen reserved for the applet.
You can see happening in the Web browser you are currently using.
Make the Web browser about half the size of the full screen,
then drag it around.
You might see the applet's drawing area flickering as
paint()


Go
Reset
Pig's coordinate is correct!
Pig's coordinate is wrong!
Your answer is correct!
Your answer is wrong!
Try to find a better solution
Find the fastest path


--- layout: post esbma_id: 1806 title: Why Another DVCS? date: 2011-08-01 18:43:57 ---
The first reaction from many folks when they see Veracity is to ask us why we built another DVCS. Having responded to this question many times now, I have finally learned that it is actually two different questions.
Some folks are trying to ask the following question:
How is Veracity different from Git?
The chart on the front page of veracity-scm.com contains some answers.

This question requires a somewhat different answer.
Let's start with a Venn diagram:
Oh geez. That picture turned out to be somewhat ruder than I intended it. Let me clarify a thing or two:
Seriously, Git fans, you and I are on the same team here. We're DVCS fans.
But, well, sometimes when I meet some of the more evangelistic Git fans, I just want to tell them to get out more. See a broader perspective.
DVCS is the third generation of version control. I believe the distributed model is the future of our industry, but that future is NOT fully here yet.
Really. It's not.
DVCS seems so popular right now, but that's mostly an illusion resulting from the fact that early adopters are loud and tend to hang around with their own kind.
Here's a reasonably accurate picture of the status quo:
Most developers are still using boring old centralized tools. The mind reels at the thought of all those programmers struggling to use a version control system that has so little buzz. I mean really. How can they possibly get anything done using a tool that hardly ever gets mentioned on Reddit?
Linus spoke of Subversion as "the most pointless project ever started". Well, Subversion is the most popular version control system on the planet. Gosh I would love to someday see Veracity become as pointless as Subversion.
Because the third generation of version control is not over.
It's just getting started.


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