QUOTACTL
Section: System Calls (2)Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
quotactl - manipulate disk quotasSYNOPSIS
#include <sys/quota.h> #include <sys/types.h> #include <xfs/xqm.h> long quotactl(int cmd, char *special, int id, caddr_t addr)
DESCRIPTION
The quotactl() call manipulates disk quotas. cmd indicates a command to be applied to UID id or GID id. To set the type of quota use the QCMD(cmd, type) macro. special is a pointer to a null-terminated string containing the path name of the block special device for the filesystem being manipulated. addr is the address of an optional, command specific, data structure which is copied in or out of the system. The interpretation of addr is given with each command below.
- Q_QUOTAON
- Turn on quotas for a filesystem. id is the identification number of the quota format to be used. Format numbers are defined in the header file of appropriate format. Currently there are two supported quota formats whose numbers are defined by constants QFMT_VFS_OLD (original quota format) and QFMT_VFS_V0 (new VFS v0 quota format). addr points to the path name of file containing the quotas for the filesystem. The quota file must exist; it is normally created with the quotacheck(8) program. This call is restricted to the super-user.
- Q_QUOTAOFF
- Turn off quotas for a filesystem. addr and id are ignored. This call is restricted to the super-user.
- Q_GETQUOTA
- Get disk quota limits and current usage for user or group id. addr is a pointer to an dqblk structure (defined in <sys/quota.h>). The field dqb_valid defines the entries in the structure which are set correctly. On Q_GETQUOTA call all entries are valid. Only the super-user may get the quotas of a user other than himself.
- Q_SETQUOTA
- Set current quota information for user or group id. addr is a pointer to an dqblk structure (defined in <sys/quota.h>). The field dqb_valid defines which entries in the quota structure are valid and should be set. The constants for dqb_valid field are defined in the <sys/quota.h> header file. This call obsoletes calls Q_SETQLIM and Q_SETUSE in the previous quota interfaces. This call is restricted to the super-user.
- Q_GETINFO
- Get information (like grace times) about quotafile. addr should be a pointer to an dqinfo structure (defined in <sys/quota.h>). The dqi_valid field in the structure defines entries in it which are valid. On Q_GETINFO call all entries are valid. Parameter id is ignored.
- Q_SETINFO
- Set information about quotafile. addr should be a pointer to dqinfo structure (defined in <sys/quota.h>). The field dqi_valid defines which entries in the quota info structure are valid and should be set. The constants for dqi_valid field are defined in the <sys/quota.h> header file. This call obsoletes calls Q_SETGRACE and Q_SETFLAGS in the previous quota interfaces. Parameter id is ignored. This operation is restricted to super-user.
- Q_GETFMT
- Get quota format used on the specified filesystem. addr should be a pointer to a memory (4 bytes) where the format number will be stored.
- Q_SYNC
- Update the on-disk copy of quota usages for a filesystem. If special is null then all filesystems with active quotas are sync'ed. addr and id are ignored.
- Q_GETSTATS
- Get statistics and other generic information about quota subsystem. addr should be a pointer to dqstats structure (defined in <sys/quota.h>) in which data should be stored. special and id are ignored.
- For XFS filesystems making use of the XFS Quota Manager (XQM), the above commands are bypassed and the following commands are used:
- Q_XQUOTAON
- Turn on quotas for an XFS filesystem. XFS provides the ability to turn on/off quota limit enforcement with quota accounting. Therefore, XFS expects the addr to be a pointer to an unsigned int that contains either the flags XFS_QUOTA_UDQ_ACCT and/or XFS_QUOTA_UDQ_ENFD (for user quota), or XFS_QUOTA_GDQ_ACCT and/or XFS_QUOTA_GDQ_ENFD (for group quota), as defined in <xfs/xqm.h>. This call is restricted to the superuser.
- Q_XQUOTAOFF
- Turn off quotas for an XFS filesystem. As in Q_QUOTAON, XFS filesystems expect a pointer to an unsigned int that specifies whether quota accounting and/or limit enforcement need to be turned off. This call is restricted to the superuser.
- Q_XGETQUOTA
- Get disk quota limits and current usage for user id. addr is a pointer to a fs_disk_quota structure (defined in <xfs/xqm.h>). Only the superuser may get the quotas of a user other than himself.
- Q_XSETQLIM
- Set disk quota limits for user id. addr is a pointer to a fs_disk_quota structure (defined in <xfs/xqm.h>). This call is restricted to the superuser.
- Q_XGETQSTAT
- Returns a fs_quota_stat structure containing XFS filesystem specific quota information. This is useful in finding out how much space is spent to store quota information, and also to get quotaon/off status of a given local XFS filesystem.
- Q_XQUOTARM
- Free the disk space taken by disk quotas. Quotas must have already been turned off.
There is no command equivalent to Q_SYNC for XFS since sync(1) writes quota information to disk (in addition to the other filesystem metadata it writes out).
RETURN VALUES
quotactl() returns:
- 0
- on success.
- -1
- on failure and sets errno to indicate the error.
ERRORS
- EFAULT
- addr or special are invalid.
- ENOSYS
- The kernel has not been compiled with the QUOTA option.
- EINVAL
- cmd or type is invalid.
- ENOENT
- The file specified by special or addr does not exist.
- ENOTBLK
- special is not a block device.
- EPERM
- The call is privileged and the caller was not the super-user.
- ESRCH
- No disc quota is found for the indicated user.
- Quotas have not been turned on for this filesystem.
If cmd is Q_QUOTAON, quotactl() may set errno to:
- EACCES
- The quota file pointed to by addr exists but is not a regular file.
- The quota file pointed to by addr exists but is not on the filesystem pointed to by special.
- EINVAL
- The quota file is corrupted.
- ESRCH
- Specified quota format was not found.
- EBUSY
- Q_QUOTAON attempted while another Q_QUOTAON has already taken place.
SEE ALSO
quota(1), getrlimit(2), quotacheck(8), quotaon(8)
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:33:04 GMT, December 24, 2015


gdalwarp
Image reprojection and warping utility
Synopsis
gdalwarp [--help-general] [--formats]
[-s_srs srs_def] [-t_srs srs_def] [-ct string] [-to "NAME=VALUE"]* [-novshiftgrid]
[[-s_coord_epoch epoch] | [-t_coord_epoch epoch]]
[-order n | -tps | -rpc | -geoloc] [-et err_threshold]
[-refine_gcps tolerance [minimum_gcps]]
[-te xmin ymin xmax ymax] [-te_srs srs_def]
[-tr xres yres] [-tap] [-ts width height]
[-ovr level|AUTO|AUTO-n|NONE] [-wo "NAME=VALUE"] [-ot Byte/Int16/...] [-wt Byte/Int16]
[-srcnodata "value [value...]"] [-dstnodata "value [value...]"]
[-srcalpha|-nosrcalpha] [-dstalpha]
[-r resampling_method] [-wm memory_in_mb] [-multi] [-q]
[-cutline datasource] [-cl layer] [-cwhere expression]
[-csql statement] [-cblend dist_in_pixels] [-crop_to_cutline]
[-if format]* [-of format] [-co "NAME=VALUE"]* [-overwrite]
[-nomd] [-cvmd meta_conflict_value] [-setci] [-oo NAME=VALUE]*
[-doo NAME=VALUE]*
srcfile* dstfile
Description
The gdalwarp utility is an image mosaicing, reprojection and warping utility. The program can reproject to any supported projection, and can also apply GCPs stored with the image if the image is “raw” with control information.
- -s_srs <srs def>
Set source spatial reference. If not specified the SRS found in the input dataset will be used.
The coordinate reference systems that can be passed are anything supported by the OGRSpatialReference.SetFromUserInput() call, which includes EPSG Projected, Geographic or Compound CRS (i.e. EPSG:4296), a well known text (WKT) CRS definition, PROJ.4 declarations, or the name of a .prj file containing a WKT CRS definition.
Starting with GDAL 2.2, if the SRS has an explicit vertical datum that points to a PROJ.4 geoidgrids, and the input dataset is a single band dataset, a vertical correction will be applied to the values of the dataset.
- -s_coord_epoch <epoch>
New in version 3.4.
Assign a coordinate epoch, linked with the source SRS. Useful when the source SRS is a dynamic CRS. Only taken into account if
-s_srs
is used.Currently
-s_coord_epoch
and-t_coord_epoch
are mutually exclusive, due to lack of support for transformations between two dynamic CRS.
- -t_srs <srs_def>
Set target spatial reference.
A source SRS must be available for reprojection to occur. The source SRS will be by default the one found in the input dataset when it is available, or as overridden by the user with
-s_srs
The coordinate reference systems that can be passed are anything supported by the OGRSpatialReference.SetFromUserInput() call, which includes EPSG Projected, Geographic or Compound CRS (i.e. EPSG:4296), a well known text (WKT) CRS definition, PROJ.4 declarations, or the name of a .prj file containing a WKT CRS definition.
Starting with GDAL 2.2, if the SRS has an explicit vertical datum that points to a PROJ.4 geoidgrids, and the input dataset is a single band dataset, a vertical correction will be applied to the values of the dataset.
- -t_coord_epoch <epoch>
New in version 3.4.
Assign a coordinate epoch, linked with the target SRS. Useful when the target SRS is a dynamic CRS. Only taken into account if
-t_srs
is used.Currently
-s_coord_epoch
and-t_coord_epoch
are mutually exclusive, due to lack of support for transformations between two dynamic CRS.
- -ct <string>
A PROJ string (single step operation or multiple step string starting with +proj=pipeline), a WKT2 string describing a CoordinateOperation, or a urn:ogc:def:coordinateOperation:EPSG::XXXX URN overriding the default transformation from the source to the target CRS. It must take into account the axis order of the source and target CRS.
New in version 3.0.
- -to <NAME=VALUE>
Set a transformer option suitable to pass to
GDALCreateGenImgProjTransformer2()
.
- -novshiftgrid
Disable the use of vertical datum shift grids when one of the source or target SRS has an explicit vertical datum, and the input dataset is a single band dataset.
New in version 2.2.
- -order <n>
order of polynomial used for warping (1 to 3). The default is to select a polynomial order based on the number of GCPs.
- -tps
Force use of thin plate spline transformer based on available GCPs.
- -rpc
Force use of RPCs.
- -geoloc
Force use of Geolocation Arrays.
- -et <err_threshold>
Error threshold for transformation approximation (in pixel units - defaults to 0.125, unless, starting with GDAL 2.1, the RPC_DEM warping option is specified, in which case, an exact transformer, i.e. err_threshold=0, will be used).
- -refine_gcps <tolerance minimum_gcps>
Refines the GCPs by automatically eliminating outliers. Outliers will be eliminated until minimum_gcps are left or when no outliers can be detected. The tolerance is passed to adjust when a GCP will be eliminated. Not that GCP refinement only works with polynomial interpolation. The tolerance is in pixel units if no projection is available, otherwise it is in SRS units. If minimum_gcps is not provided, the minimum GCPs according to the polynomial model is used.
- -te <xmin ymin xmax ymax>
Set georeferenced extents of output file to be created (in target SRS by default, or in the SRS specified with
-te_srs
)
- -te_srs <srs_def>
Specifies the SRS in which to interpret the coordinates given with -te. The <srs_def> may be any of the usual GDAL/OGR forms, complete WKT, PROJ.4, EPSG:n or a file containing the WKT. This must not be confused with -t_srs which is the target SRS of the output dataset.
-te_srs
is a convenience e.g. when knowing the output coordinates in a geodetic long/lat SRS, but still wanting a result in a projected coordinate system.
- -tr <xres> <yres>
Set output file resolution (in target georeferenced units).
If not specified (or not deduced from -te and -ts), gdalwarp will generate an output raster with xres=yres, and that even when using gdalwarp in scenarios not involving reprojection.
- -tap
(target aligned pixels) align the coordinates of the extent of the output file to the values of the
-tr
, such that the aligned extent includes the minimum extent.
- -ts <width> <height>
Set output file size in pixels and lines. If width or height is set to 0, the other dimension will be guessed from the computed resolution. Note that
-ts
cannot be used with-tr
- -ovr <level|AUTO|AUTO-n|NONE>
To specify which overview level of source files must be used. The default choice, AUTO, will select the overview level whose resolution is the closest to the target resolution. Specify an integer value (0-based, i.e. 0=1st overview level) to select a particular level. Specify AUTO-n where n is an integer greater or equal to 1, to select an overview level below the AUTO one. Or specify NONE to force the base resolution to be used (can be useful if overviews have been generated with a low quality resampling method, and the warping is done using a higher quality resampling method).
- -wo `"NAME=VALUE"`
Set a warp option. The
GDALWarpOptions::papszWarpOptions
docs show all options. Multiple-wo
options may be listed.
- -ot <type>
Force the output image bands to have a specific data type supported by the driver, which may be one of the following:
Byte
,UInt16
,Int16
,UInt32
,Int32
,Float32
,Float64
,CInt16
,CInt32
,CFloat32
orCFloat64
.
- -wt <type>
Working pixel data type. The data type of pixels in the source image and destination image buffers.
- -r <resampling_method>
Resampling method to use. Available methods are:
near
: nearest neighbour resampling (default, fastest algorithm, worst interpolation quality).bilinear
: bilinear resampling.cubic
: cubic resampling.cubicspline
: cubic spline resampling.lanczos
: Lanczos windowed sinc resampling.average
: average resampling, computes the weighted average of all non-NODATA contributing pixels.rms
root mean square / quadratic mean of all non-NODATA contributing pixels (GDAL >= 3.3)mode
: mode resampling, selects the value which appears most often of all the sampled points.max
: maximum resampling, selects the maximum value from all non-NODATA contributing pixels.min
: minimum resampling, selects the minimum value from all non-NODATA contributing pixels.med
: median resampling, selects the median value of all non-NODATA contributing pixels.q1
: first quartile resampling, selects the first quartile value of all non-NODATA contributing pixels.q3
: third quartile resampling, selects the third quartile value of all non-NODATA contributing pixels.sum
: compute the weighted sum of all non-NODATA contributing pixels (since GDAL 3.1)
- -srcnodata <value [value...]>
Set nodata masking values for input bands (different values can be supplied for each band). If more than one value is supplied all values should be quoted to keep them together as a single operating system argument. Masked values will not be used in interpolation. Use a value of
None
to ignore intrinsic nodata settings on the source dataset.When this option is set to a non-
None
value, it causes theUNIFIED_SRC_NODATA
warping option (seeGDALWarpOptions::papszWarpOptions
) to be set toYES
, if it is not explicitly set.If
-srcnodata
is not explicitly set, but the source dataset has nodata values, they will be taken into account, withUNIFIED_SRC_NODATA
atPARTIAL
by default.
- -dstnodata <value [value...]>
Set nodata values for output bands (different values can be supplied for each band). If more than one value is supplied all values should be quoted to keep them together as a single operating system argument. New files will be initialized to this value and if possible the nodata value will be recorded in the output file. Use a value of
None
to ensure that nodata is not defined. If this argument is not used then nodata values will be copied from the source dataset.
- -srcalpha
Force the last band of a source image to be considered as a source alpha band.
- -nosrcalpha
Prevent the alpha band of a source image to be considered as such (it will be warped as a regular band)
New in version 2.2.
- -dstalpha
Create an output alpha band to identify nodata (unset/transparent) pixels.
- -wm <memory_in_mb>
Set the amount of memory that the warp API is allowed to use for caching. The value is interpreted as being in megabytes if the value is less than 10000. For values >=10000, this is interpreted as bytes.
- -multi
Use multithreaded warping implementation. Two threads will be used to process chunks of image and perform input/output operation simultaneously. Note that computation is not multithreaded itself. To do that, you can use the
-wo
NUM_THREADS=val/ALL_CPUS option, which can be combined with-multi
- -q
Be quiet.
- -if <format>
Format/driver name to be attempted to open the input file(s). It is generally not necessary to specify it, but it can be used to skip automatic driver detection, when it fails to select the appropriate driver. This option can be repeated several times to specify several candidate drivers.
New in version 3.2.
- -of <format>
Select the output format. Starting with GDAL 2.3, if not specified, the format is guessed from the extension (previously was GTiff). Use the short format name.
- -co <NAME=VALUE>
Many formats have one or more optional creation options that can be used to control particulars about the file created. For instance, the GeoTIFF driver supports creation options to control compression, and whether the file should be tiled.
The creation options available vary by format driver, and some simple formats have no creation options at all. A list of options supported for a format can be listed with the –formats command line option but the documentation for the format is the definitive source of information on driver creation options. See Raster drivers format specific documentation for legal creation options for each format.
- -cutline <datasource>
Enable use of a blend cutline from the name OGR support datasource.
- -cl <layername>
Select the named layer from the cutline datasource.
- -cwhere <expression>
Restrict desired cutline features based on attribute query.
- -cblend <distance>
Set a blend distance to use to blend over cutlines (in pixels).
- -crop_to_cutline
Crop the extent of the target dataset to the extent of the cutline.
- -overwrite
Overwrite the target dataset if it already exists.
- -nomd
Do not copy metadata. Without this option, dataset and band metadata (as well as some band information) will be copied from the first source dataset. Items that differ between source datasets will be set to * (see
-cvmd
option).
- -cvmd <meta_conflict_value>
Value to set metadata items that conflict between source datasets (default is “*”). Use “” to remove conflicting items.
- -setci
Set the color interpretation of the bands of the target dataset from the source dataset.
- -oo <NAME=VALUE>
Dataset open option (format specific)
- -doo <NAME=VALUE>
Output dataset open option (format specific)
New in version 2.1.
- <srcfile>
The source file name(s).
- <dstfile>
The destination file name.
Mosaicing into an existing output file is supported if the output file already exists. The spatial extent of the existing file will not be modified to accommodate new data, so you may have to remove it in that case, or use the -overwrite option.
Polygon cutlines may be used as a mask to restrict the area of the destination file that may be updated, including blending. If the OGR layer containing the cutline features has no explicit SRS, the cutline features must be in the SRS of the destination file. When writing to a not yet existing target dataset, its extent will be the one of the original raster unless -te or -crop_to_cutline are specified.
When doing vertical shift adjustments, the transformer option -to ERROR_ON_MISSING_VERT_SHIFT=YES can be used to error out as soon as a vertical shift value is missing (instead of 0 being used).
Starting with GDAL 3.1, it is possible to use as output format a driver that only supports the CreateCopy operation. This may internally imply creation of a temporary file.
Examples
Basic transformation:
gdalwarp -t_srs EPSG:4326 input.tif output.tif
For instance, an eight bit spot scene stored in GeoTIFF with control points mapping the corners to lat/long could be warped to a UTM projection with a command like this:
gdalwarp -t_srs '+proj=utm +zone=11 +datum=WGS84' -overwrite raw_spot.tif utm11.tif
For instance, the second channel of an ASTER image stored in HDF with control points mapping the corners to lat/long could be warped to a UTM projection with a command like this:
New in version 2.2.
gdalwarp -overwrite HDF4_SDS:ASTER_L1B:"pg-PR1B0000-2002031402_100_001":2 pg-PR1B0000-2002031402_100_001_2.tif
To apply a cutline on a un-georeferenced image and clip from pixel (220,60) to pixel (1160,690):
gdalwarp -overwrite -to SRC_METHOD=NO_GEOTRANSFORM -to DST_METHOD=NO_GEOTRANSFORM -te 220 60 1160 690 -cutline cutline.csv in.png out.tif
where cutline.csv content is like:
id,WKT
1,"POLYGON((....))"
To transform a DEM from geoid elevations (using EGM96) to WGS84 ellipsoidal heights:
New in version 2.2.
gdalwarp -overwrite in_dem.tif out_dem.tif -s_srs EPSG:4326+5773 -t_srs EPSG:4979


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@* * Copyright 2019 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import uk.gov.hmrc.tariffclassificationfrontend.controllers.routes.ReopenCaseController @import uk.gov.hmrc.tariffclassificationfrontend.models.{Case, CaseStatus} @(c: Case, useTabIndex : Option[Int] = None)(implicit request: Request[_]) @helper.form(action = ReopenCaseController.confirmReopenCase(c.reference), 'id -> "reopen-case") { @helper.CSRF.formField


The Wheel of Time turns, and Ages come and pass, leaving memories that become legend. Legend fades to myth, and even myth is long forgotten when the Age that gave it birth comes again. In one Age, called the Third Age by some, an Age yet to come, an Age long past, a wind rose in the Mountains of Mist. The wind was not the beginning. There are neither beginnings nor endings to the turning of the Wheel of Time. But it was a beginning.
Born below the ever cloud-capped peaks that gave the mountains their name, the wind blew east, out across the Sand Hills, once the shore of a great ocean, before the Breaking of the World. Down it flailed into the Two Rivers, into the tangled forest called the Westwood, and beat at two men walking with a cart and horse down the rock-strewn track called the Quarry Road. For all that spring should have come a good month since, the wind carried an icy chill as if it would rather bear snow.
Gusts plastered Rand al’Thor’s cloak to his back, whipped the earth-colored wool around his legs, then streamed it out behind him. He wished his coat were heavier, or that he had worn an extra shirt. Half the time when he tried to tug the cloak back around him it caught on the quiver swinging at his hip. Trying to hold the cloak one-handed did not do much good anyway; he had his bow in the other, an arrow nocked and ready to draw.
As a particularly strong blast tugged the cloak out of his hand, he glanced at his father over the back of the shaggy brown mare. He felt a little foolish about wanting to reassure himself that Tam was still there, but it was that kind of day. The wind howled when it rose, but aside from that, quiet lay heavy on the land. The soft creak of the axle sounded loud by comparison. No birds sang in the forest, no squirrels chittered from a branch. Not that he expected them, really; not this spring.
Only trees that kept leaf or needle through the winter had any green about them. Snarls of last year’s bramble spread brown webs over stone outcrops under the trees. Nettles numbered most among the few weeds; the rest were the sorts with sharp burrs or thorns, or stinkweed, which left a rank smell on the unwary boot that crushed it. Scattered white patches of snow still dotted the ground where tight clumps of trees kept deep shade. Where sunlight did reach, it held neither strength nor warmth. The pale sun sat above the trees to the east, but its light was crisply dark, as if mixed with shadow. It was an awkward morning, made for unpleasant thoughts.
Without thinking he touched the nock of the arrow; it was ready to draw to his cheek in one smooth movement, the way Tam had taught him. Winter had been bad enough on the farms, worse than even the oldest folk remembered, but it must have been harsher still in the mountains, if the number of wolves driven down into the Two Rivers was any guide. Wolves raided the sheep pens and chewed their way into barns to get the cattle and horses. Bears had been after the sheep, too, where a bear had not been seen in years. It was no longer safe to be out after dark. Men were the prey as often as sheep, and the sun did not always have to be down.
Tam was taking steady strides on the other side of Bela, using his spear as a walking staff, ignoring the wind that made his brown cloak flap like a banner. Now and again he touched the mare’s flank lightly, to remind her to keep moving. With his thick chest and broad face, he was a pillar of reality in that morning, like a stone in the middle of a drifting dream. His sun-roughened cheeks might be lined and his hair have only a sprinkling of black among the gray, but there was a solidness to him, as though a flood could wash around him without uprooting his feet. He stumped down the road now impassively. Wolves and bears were all very well, his manner said, things that any man who kept sheep must be aware of, but they had best not try to stop Tam al’Thor getting to Emond’s Field.
With a guilty start Rand returned to watching his side of the road, Tam’s matter-of-factness reminding him of his task. He was a head taller than his father, taller than anyone else in the district, and had little of Tam in him physically, except perhaps for a breadth of shoulder.  She had been an outlander, and Rand remembered little of her aside from a smiling face, though he did put flowers on her grave every year, at Bel Tine, in the spring, and at Sunday, in the summer.
Two small casks of Tam’s apple brandy rested in the lurching cart, and eight larger barrels of apple cider, only slightly hard after a winter’s curing. Tam delivered the same every year to the Winespring Inn for use during Bel Tine, and he had declared that it would take more than wolves or a cold wind to stop him this spring. Even so they had not been to the village for weeks. Not even Tam traveled much these days. But Tam had given his word about the brandy and cider, even if he had waited to make delivery until the day before Festival. Keeping his word was important to Tam. Rand was just glad to get away from the farm, almost as glad as about the coming of Bel Tine.
As Rand watched his side of the road, the feeling grew in him that he was being watched. For a while he tried to shrug it off. Nothing moved or made a sound among the trees, except the wind. But the feeling not only persisted, it grew stronger. The hairs on his arms stirred; his skin prickled as if it itched on the inside.
He shifted his bow irritably to rub at his arms, and told himself to stop letting fancies take him. There was nothing in the woods on his side of the road, and Tam would have spoken if there had been anything on the other. He glanced over his shoulder . . . and blinked. Not more than twenty spans back down the road a cloaked figure on horseback followed them, horse and rider alike black, dull and ungleaming.
It was more habit than anything else that kept him walking backward alongside the cart even while he looked.
The rider’s cloak covered him to his boot tops, the cowl tugged well forward so no part of him showed. Vaguely Rand thought there was something odd about the horseman, but it was the shadowed opening of the hood that fascinated him. He could see only the vaguest outlines of a face, but he had the feeling he was looking right into the rider’s eyes. And he could not look away. Queasiness settled in his stomach. There was only shadow to see in the hood, but he felt hatred as sharply as if he could see a snarling face, hatred for everything that lived.
Abruptly a stone caught his heel and he stumbled, breaking his eyes away from the dark horseman. His bow dropped to the road, and only an outthrust hand grabbing Bela’s harness saved him from falling flat on his back. With a startled snort the mare stopped, twisting her head to see what had caught her.
Tam frowned over Bela’s back at him. “Are you all right, lad?”
“A rider,” Rand said breathlessly, pulling himself upright. “A stranger, following us.”
“Where?” The older man lifted his broad-bladed spear and peered back warily.
“There, down the . . . ” Rand’s words trailed off as he turned to point. The road behind was empty. Disbelieving, he stared into the forest on both sides of the road. Bare-branched trees offered no hiding place, but there was not a glimmer of horse or horseman. He met his father’s questioning gaze. “He was there.  But he was there.” He snatched up the fallen bow and arrow, hastily checked the fletching before renocking, and half drew before letting the bowstring relax. There was nothing to aim at. “He was.”
Tam shook his grizzled head. “If you say so, lad. Come on, then. A horse leaves hoof prints, even on this ground.” He started toward the rear of the cart, his cloak whipping in the wind. “If we find them, we’ll know for a fact he was there. If not . . . well, these are days to make a man think he’s seeing things.”
Abruptly Rand realized what had been odd about the horseman, aside from his being there at all. The wind that beat at Tam and him had not so much as shifted a fold of that black cloak. His mouth was suddenly dry. He must have imagined it. His father was right; this was a morning to prickle a man’s imagination. But he did not believe it. Only, how did he tell his father that the man who had apparently vanished into thin air wore a cloak the wind did not touch?
With a worried frown he peered into the woods around them; it looked different than it ever had before. Almost since he was old enough to walk, he had run loose in the forest. The ponds and streams of the Waterwood, beyond the last farms east of Emond’s Field, were where he had learned to swim. He had explored into the Sand Hills—which many in the Two Rivers said was bad luck—and once he had even gone to the very foot of the Mountains of Mist, him and his closest friends, Mat Cauthon and Perrin Aybara. That was a lot further afield than most people in Emond’s Field ever went; to them a journey to the next village, up to Watch Hill or down to Deven Ride, was a big event. Nowhere in all of that had he found a place that made him afraid. Today, though, the Westwood was not the place he remembered. A man who could disappear so suddenly could reappear just as suddenly, maybe even right beside them.
“No, father, there’s no need.” When Tam stopped in surprise, Rand covered his flush by tugging at the hood of his cloak. “You’re probably right. No point looking for what isn’t there, not when we can use the time getting on to the village and out of this wind.”
“I could do with a pipe,” Tam said slowly, “and a mug of ale where it’s warm.” Abruptly he gave a broad grin. “And I expect you’re eager to see Egwene.
Rand managed a weak smile. Of all things he might want to think about right then, the Mayor’s daughter was far down the list. He did not need any more confusion. For the past year she had been making him increasingly jittery whenever they were together. Worse, she did not even seem to be aware of it. No, he certainly did not want to add Egwene to his thoughts.
He was hoping his father had not noticed he was afraid when Tam said, “Remember the flame, lad, and the void.”
It was an odd thing Tam had taught him.  Become one with the void, Tam said, and you could do anything. Nobody else in Emond’s Field talked that way. But Tam won the archery competition at Bel Tine every year with his flame and his void. Rand thought he might have a chance at placing this year himself, if he could manage to hold onto the void. For Tam to bring it up now meant he had noticed, but he said nothing more about it.
Tam clucked Bela into motion once more, and they resumed their journey, the older man striding along as if nothing untoward had happened and nothing untoward could. Rand wished he could imitate him. He tried forming the emptiness in his mind, but it kept slipping away into images of the black-cloaked horseman.
He wanted to believe that Tam was right, that the rider had just been his imagination, but he could remember that feeling of hatred too well. There had been someone. And that someone had meant him harm. He did not stop looking back until the high-peaked, thatched roofs of Emond’s Field surrounded him.
The village lay close onto the Westwood, the forest gradually thinning until the last few trees stood actually among the stout frame houses. The land sloped gently down to the east. Though not without patches of woods, farms and hedge-bordered fields and pastures quilted the land beyond the village all the way to the Waterwood and its tangle of streams and ponds. The land to the west was just as fertile, and the pastures there lush in most years, but only a handful of farms could be found in the Westwood. Even those few dwindled to none miles short of the Sand Hills, not to mention the Mountains of Mist, which rose above the Westwood treetops, distant but in plain sight from Emond’s Field. Some said the land was too rocky, as if there were not rocks everywhere in the Two Rivers, and others said it was hard-luck land. A few muttered that there was no point getting any closer to the mountains than needs be. Whatever the reasons, only the hardiest men farmed in the Westwood.
Small children and dogs dodged around the cart in whooping swarms once it passed the first row of houses.  In the last months there had been little of play or laughter from the children; even when the weather had slackened enough to let children out, fear of wolves kept them in. It seemed the approach of Bel Tine had taught them how to play again.
Festival had affected the adults as well. Broad shutters were thrown back, and in almost every house the goodwife stood in a window, apron tied about her and long-braided hair done up in a kerchief, shaking sheets or hanging mattresses over the windowsills. Whether or not leaves had appeared on the trees, no woman would let Bel Tine come before her spring cleaning was done. In every yard rugs hung from stretched lines, and children who had not been quick enough to run free in the streets instead vented their frustration on the carpets with wicker beaters. On roof after roof the goodman of the house clambered about, checking the thatch to see if the winter’s damage meant calling on old Cenn Buie, the thatcher.
Several times Tam paused to engage one man or another in brief conversation. Since he and Rand had not been off the farm for weeks, everyone wanted to catch up on how things were out that way. Few Westwood men had been in. Tam spoke of damage from winter storms, each one worse than the one before, and stillborn lambs, of brown fields where crops should be sprouting and pastures greening, of ravens flocking in where songbirds had come in years before. Grim talk, with preparations for Bel Tine going on all around them, and much shaking of heads. It was the same on all sides.
Most of the men rolled their shoulders and said, “Well, we’ll survive, the Light willing.” Some grinned and added, “And if the Light doesn’t will, we’ll still survive.”
That was the way of most Two Rivers people. People who had to watch the hail beat their crops or the wolves take their lambs, and start over, no matter how many years it happened, did not give up easily. Most of those who did were long since gone.
Tam would not have stopped for Wit Congar if the man had not come out into the street so they had to halt or let Bela run over him. The Congars—and the Coplins; the two families were so intermarried no one really knew where one family let off and the other began—were known from Watch Hill to Deven Ride, and maybe as far as Taren Ferry, as complainers and troublemakers.
“I have to get this to Bran al’Vere, Wit,” Tam said, nodding to the barrels in the cart, but the scrawny man held his ground with a sour expression on his face. He had been sprawled on his front steps, not up on his roof, though the thatch looked as if it badly needed Master Buie’s attention. He never seemed ready to start over, or to finish what he started the first time. Most of the Coplins and Congars were like that, those who were not worse.
“What are we going to do about Nynaeve, al’Thor?” Congar demanded. “We can’t have a Wisdom like that for Emond’s Field.”
Tam sighed heavily. “It’s not our place, Wit. The Wisdom is women’s business.”
“Well, we’d better do something, al’Thor. She said we’d have a mild winter. And a good harvest.  Now if you don’t mind, this brandy—”
“Nynaeve al’Meara is just too young to be Wisdom, al’Thor. If the Women’s Circle won’t do something, then the Village Council has to.”
“What business of yours is the Wisdom, Wit Congar?” roared a woman’s voice. Wit flinched as his wife marched out of the house. Daise Congar was twice as wide as Wit, a hard-faced woman without an ounce of fat on her. She glared at him with her fists on her hips. “You try meddling in Women’s Circle business, and see how you like eating your own cooking. Which you won’t do in my kitchen. And washing your own clothes and making your own bed. Which won’t be under my roof.”
“But, Daise,” Wit whined, “I was just . . . ”
“If you’ll pardon me, Daise,” Tam said. “Wit. The Light shine on you both.” He got Bela moving again, leading her around the scrawny fellow. Daise was concentrating on her husband now, but any minute she could realize whom it was Wit had been talking to.
That was why they had not accepted any of the invitations to stop for a bite to eat or something hot to drink. When they saw Tam, the goodwives of Emond’s Field went on point like hounds spotting a rabbit. There was not a one of them who did not know just the perfect wife for a widower with a good farm, even if it was in the Westwood.
Rand stepped along just as quickly as Tam, perhaps even more so. He was sometimes cornered when Tam was not around, with no way to escape outside of rudeness. Herded onto a stool by the kitchen fire, he would be fed pastries or honeycakes or meatpies. And always the goodwife’s eyes weighed and measured him as neatly as any merchant’s scales and tapes while she told him that what he was eating was not nearly so good as her widowed sister’s cooking, or her next-to-eldest cousin’s. Tam was certainly not getting any younger, she would say. It was good that he had loved his wife so—it boded well for the next woman in his life—but he had mourned long enough. Tam needed a good woman. It was a simple fact, she would say, or something very close, that a man just could not do without a woman to take care of him and keep him out of trouble. Worst of all were those who paused thoughtfully at about that point, then asked with elaborate casualness exactly how old he was now.
Like most Two Rivers folk, Rand had a strong stubborn streak. Outsiders sometimes said it was the prime trait of people in the Two Rivers, that they could give mules lessons and teach stones. The goodwives were fine and kindly women for the most part, but he hated being pushed into anything, and they made him feel as if he were being prodded with sticks. So he walked fast, and wished Tam would hurry Bela along.
Soon the street opened onto the Green, a broad expanse in the middle of the village. Usually covered with thick grass, the Green this spring showed only a few fresh patches among the yellowish brown of dead grass and the black of bare earth. A double handful of geese waddled about, beadily eyeing the ground but not finding anything worth pecking, and someone had tethered a milkcow to crop the sparse growth.
Toward the west end of the Green, the Winespring itself gushed out of a low stone outcrop in a flow that never failed, a flow strong enough to knock a man down and sweet enough to justify its name a dozen times over. From the spring the rapidly widening Winespring Water ran swiftly off to the east, willows dotting its banks all the way to Master Thane’s mill and beyond, until it split into dozens of streams in the swampy depths of the Waterwood. Two low, railed footbridges crossed the clear stream at the Green, and one bridge, wider than the others and stout enough to bear wagons. The Wagon Bridge marked where the North Road, coming down from Taren Ferry and Watch Hill, became the Old Road, leading to Deven Ride. Outsiders sometimes found it funny that the road had one name to the north and another to the south, but that was the way it had always been, as far as anyone in Emond’s Field knew, and that was that. It was a good enough reason for Two Rivers people.
On the far side of the bridges, the mounds were already building for the Bel Tine fires, three careful stacks of logs almost as big as houses. They had to be on cleared dirt, of course, not on the Green, even sparse as it was. What of Festival did not take place around the fires would happen on the Green.
Near the Winespring a score of older women sang softly as they erected the Spring Pole. Shorn of its branches, the straight, slender trunk of a fir tree stood ten feet high even in the hole they had dug for it. A knot of girls too young to wear their hair braided sat cross-legged and watched enviously, occasionally singing snatches of the song the women sang.
Tam clucked at Bela as if to make her speed her pace, though she ignored it, and Rand studiously kept his eyes from what the women were doing. In the morning the men would pretend to be surprised to find the Pole, then at noon the unmarried women would dance the Pole, entwining it with long, colored ribbons while the unmarried men sang. No one knew when the custom began or why—it was another thing that was the way it had always been—but it was an excuse to sing and dance, and nobody in the Two Rivers needed much excuse for that.
The whole day of Bel Tine would be taken up with singing and dancing and feasting, with time out for footraces, and contests in almost everything. Prizes would be given not only in archery, but for the best with the sling, and the quarterstaff. There would be contests at solving riddles and puzzles, at the rope tug, and lifting and tossing weights, prizes for the best singer, the best dancer and the best fiddle player, for the quickest to shear a sheep, even the best at bowls, and at darts.
Bel Tine was supposed to come when spring had well and truly arrived, the first lambs born and the first crop up. Even with the cold hanging on, though, no one had any idea of putting it off. Everyone could use a little singing and dancing. And to top everything, if the rumors could be believed, a grand display of fireworks was planned for the Green—if the first peddler of the year appeared in time, of course. That had been causing considerable talk; it was ten years since the last such display, and that was still talked about.
The Winespring Inn stood at the east end of the Green, hard beside the Wagon Bridge. The first floor of the inn was river rock, though the foundation was of older stone some said came from the mountains. The white-washed second story—where Brandelwyn al’Vere, the innkeeper and Mayor of Emond’s Field for the past twenty years, lived in the back with his wife and daughters—jutted out over the lower floor all the way around. Red roof tile, the only such roof in the village, glittered in the weak sunlight, and smoke drifted from three of the inn’s dozen tall chimneys.
At the south end of the inn, away from the stream, stretched the remains of a much larger stone foundation, once part of the inn—or so it was said. A huge oak grew in the middle of it now, with a bole thirty paces around and spreading branches as thick as a man. In the summer, Bran al’Vere set tables and benches under those branches, shady with leaves then, where people could enjoy a cup and a cooling breeze while they talked or perhaps set out a board for a game of stones.
“Here we are, lad.” Tam reached for Bela’s harness, but she stopped in front of the inn before his hand touched leather. “Knows the way better than I do,” he chuckled.
As the last creak of the axle faded, Bran al’Vere appeared from the inn, seeming as always to step too lightly for a man of his girth, nearly double that of anyone else in the village. A smile split his round face, which was topped by a sparse fringe of gray hair. The innkeeper was in his shirtsleeves despite the chill, with a spotless white apron wrapped around him. A silver medallion in the form of a set of balance scales hung on his chest.
The medallion, along with the full-size set of scales used to weigh the coins of the merchants who came down from Baerlon for wool or tabac, was the symbol of the Mayor’s office. Bran only wore it for dealing with the merchants and for festivals, feastdays, and weddings. He had it on a day early now, but that night was Winternight, the night before Bel Tine, when everyone would visit back and forth almost the whole night long, exchanging small gifts, having a bite to eat and a touch to drink at every house. After the winter, Rand thought, he probably considers Winternight excuse enough not to wait until tomorrow.
“Tam,” the Mayor shouted as he hurried toward them. “The Light shine on me, it’s good to see you at last. And you, Rand. How are you, my boy?”
“Fine, Master al’Vere,” Rand said. “And you, sir?” But Bran’s attention was already back on Tam.
“I was almost beginning to think you wouldn’t be bringing your brandy this year. You’ve never waited so late before.”
“I’ve no liking for leaving the farm these days, Bran,” Tam replied. “Not with the wolves the way they are. And the weather.”
Bran harrumphed. “I could wish somebody wanted to talk about something besides the weather. Everyone complains about it, and folk who should know better expect me to set it right. I’ve just spent twenty minutes explaining to Mistress al’Donel that I can do nothing about the storks. Though what she expected me to do . . . ” He shook his head.
“An ill omen,” a scratchy voice announced, “no storks nesting on the rooftops at Bel Tine.” Cenn Buie, as gnarled and dark as an old root, marched up to Tam and Bran and leaned on his walking staff, near as tall as he was and just as gnarled. He tried to fix both men at once with a beady eye. “There’s worse to come, you mark my words.”
“Have you become a soothsayer, then, interpreting omens?” Tam asked dryly. “Or do you listen to the wind, like a Wisdom? There’s certainly enough of it. Some originating not far from here.”
“Mock if you will,” Cenn muttered, “but if it doesn’t warm enough for crops to sprout soon, more than one root cellar will come up empty before there’s a harvest. By next winter there may be nothing left alive in the Two Rivers but wolves and ravens. If it is next winter at all. Maybe it will still be this winter.”
“Now what is that supposed to mean?” Bran said sharply.
Cenn gave them a sour look. “I’ve not much good to say about Nynaeve al’Meara. You know that. For one thing, she’s too young to—No matter. The Women’s Circle seems to object to the Village Council even talking about their business, though they interfere in ours whenever they want to, which is most of the time, or so it seems to—”
“Cenn,” Tam broke in, “is there a point to this?”
“This is the point, al’Thor. Ask the Wisdom when the winter will end, and she walks away. Maybe she doesn’t want to tell us what she hears on the wind. Maybe what she hears is that the winter won’t end. Maybe it’s just going to go on being winter until the Wheel turns and the Age ends. There’s your point.”
“Maybe sheep will fly,” Tam retorted, and Bran threw up his hands. “The Light protect me from fools. You sitting on the Village Council, Cenn, and now you’re spreading that Coplin talk. Well, you listen to me. We have enough problems without . . . ”
A quick tug at Rand’s sleeve and a voice pitched low, for his ear alone, distracted him from the older men’s talk. “Come on, Rand, while they’re arguing. Before they put you to work.”
Rand glanced down, and had to grin. Mat Cauthon crouched beside the cart so Tam and Bran and Cenn could not see him, his wiry body contorted like a stork trying to bend itself double.
Mat’s brown eyes twinkled with mischief, as usual. “Dav and I caught a big old badger, all grouchy at being pulled out of his den. We’re going to let it loose on the Green and watch the girls run.”
Rand’s smile broadened; it did not sound as much like fun to him as it would have a year or two back, but Mat never seemed to grow up. He took a quick look at his father—the men had their heads together still, all three talking at once—then lowered his own voice. “I promised to unload the cider. I can meet you later, though.”
Mat rolled his eyes skyward. “Toting barrels! Burn me, I’d rather play stones with my baby sister. Well, I know of better things than a badger. We have strangers in the Two Rivers. Last evening—”
For an instant Rand stopped breathing. “A man on horseback?” he asked intently.  And his cloak doesn’t move in the wind?”
Mat swallowed his grin, and his voice dropped to an even hoarser whisper. “You saw him, too? I thought I was the only one. Don’t laugh, Rand, but he scared me.”
“I’m not laughing. He scared me, too.  Rand shivered. Until that day he had never thought of anyone wanting to kill him, really wanting to kill him. That sort of thing just did not happen in the Two Rivers. A fistfight, maybe, or a wrestling match, but not killing.
“I don’t know about hating, Rand, but he was scary enough anyway. All he did was sit on his horse looking at me, just outside the village, but I’ve never been so frightened in my life. Well, I looked away, just for a moment—it wasn’t easy, mind you—then when I looked back he’d vanished. Blood and ashes! Three days, it’s been, and I can hardly stop thinking about him. I keep looking over my shoulder.” Mat attempted a laugh that came out as a croak. “Funny how being scared takes you. You think strange things. I actually thought—just for a minute, mind—it might be the Dark One. “ He tried another laugh, but no sound at all came out this time.
Rand took a deep breath. As much to remind himself as for any other reason, he said by rote, “The Dark One and all of the Forsaken are bound in Shayol Ghul, beyond the Great Blight, bound by the Creator at the moment of Creation, bound until the end of time. The hand of the Creator shelters the world, and the Light shines on us all.” He drew another breath and went on. “Besides, if he was free, what would the Shepherd of the Night be doing in the Two Rivers watching farm boys?”
“I don’t know. But I do know that rider was . . . evil. Don’t laugh. I’ll take oath on it. Maybe it was the Dragon.”
“You’re just full of cheerful thoughts, aren’t you?” Rand muttered. “You sound worse than Cenn.”
“My mother always said the Forsaken would come for me if I didn’t mend my ways. If I ever saw anybody who looked like Ishamael, or Aginor, it was him.”
“Everybody’s mother scared them with the Forsaken,” Rand said dryly, “but most grow out of it. Why not the Shadowman, while you’re about it?”
Mat glared at him. “I haven’t been so scared since . . . No, I’ve never been that scared, and I don’t mind admitting it.”
“Me, either. My father thinks I was jumping at shadows under the trees.”
Mat nodded glumly and leaned back against the cart wheel. “So does my da. I told Dav, and Elam Dowtry. They’ve been watching like hawks ever since, but they haven’t seen anything. Now Elam thinks I was trying to trick him. Dav thinks he’s down from Taren Ferry—a sheepstealer, or a chickenthief. A chickenthief!” He lapsed into affronted silence.
“It’s probably all foolishness anyway,” Rand said finally. “Maybe he is just a sheepstealer.”
“Well, I didn’t like the way he looked at me. And neither did you, not if how you jumped at me is any guide. We ought to tell someone.”
“We already have, Mat, both of us, and we weren’t believed. Can you imagine trying to convince Master al’Vere about this fellow, without him seeing him? He’d send us off to Nynaeve to see if we were sick.”
“There are two of us, now. Nobody could believe we both imagined it.”
Rand rubbed the top of his head briskly, wondering what to say. Mat was something of a byword around the village. Few people had escaped his pranks. Now his name came up whenever a washline dropped the laundry in the dirt or a loose saddle girth deposited a farmer in the road. Mat did not even have to be anywhere around. His support might be worse than none.
After a moment Rand said, “Your father would believe you put me up to it, and mine . . . ” He looked over the cart to where Tam and Bran and Cenn had been talking, and found himself staring his father in the eyes. The Mayor was still lecturing Cenn, who took it now in sullen silence.
“Good morning, Matrim,” Tam said brightly, hefting one of the brandy casks up onto the side of the cart. “I see you’ve come to help Rand unload the cider. Good lad.”
Mat leaped to his feet at the first word and began backing away.  And to you, Master al’Vere. Master Buie. May the Light shine on you. My da sent me to—”
“No doubt he did,” Tam said.  Well, the quicker you lads get the cider into Master al’Vere’s cellar, the quicker you can see the gleeman.”
“Gleeman!”
Rand could remember only two gleemen coming into the Two Rivers in his whole life, and for one of those he had been young enough to sit on Tam’s shoulders to watch. To have one there actually during Bel Tine, with his harp and his flute and his stories and all . . . Emond’s Field would still be talking about this Festival ten years off, even if there were not any fireworks.
“Foolishness,” Cenn grumbled, but fell silent at a look from Bran that had all the weight of the Mayor’s office in it.
Tam leaned against the side of the cart, using the brandy cask as a prop for his arm. “Yes, a gleeman, and already here. According to Master al’Vere, he’s in a room in the inn right now.”
“Arrived in the dead of night, he did.” The innkeeper shook his head in disapproval. “Pounded on the front door till he woke the whole family. If not for Festival, I’d have told him to stable his own horse and sleep in the stall with it, gleeman or not. Imagine coming in the dark like that.”
Rand stared wonderingly. No one traveled beyond the village by night, not these days, certainly not alone. The thatcher grumbled under his breath again, too low this time for Rand to understand more than a word or two. “Madman” and “unnatural.”
“He doesn’t wear a black cloak, does he?” Mat asked suddenly.
Bran’s belly shook with his chuckle. “Black! His cloak is like every gleeman’s cloak I’ve ever seen. More patches than cloak, and more colors than you can think of.”
 The menacing black-clad rider as a gleeman was a ridiculous notion, but . . . He clapped a hand over his mouth in embarrassment.
“You see, Tam,” Bran said. “There’s been little enough laughter in this village since winter came. Now even the gleeman’s cloak brings a laugh. That alone is worth the expense of bringing him down from Baerlon.”
“Say what you will,” Cenn spoke up suddenly.  And those fireworks you all insisted on sending off for.”
“So there are fireworks,” Mat said, but Cenn went right on.
“They should have been here a month ago with the first peddler of the year, but there hasn’t been a peddler, has there? If he doesn’t come by tomorrow, what are we going to do with them? Hold another Festival just to set them off? That’s if he even brings them, of course.”
“Cenn”—Tam sighed—“You’ve as much trust as a Taren Ferry man.”
“Where is he, then? Tell me that, al’Thor.”
“Why didn’t you tell us?” Mat demanded in an aggrieved voice. “The whole village would have had as much fun with the waiting as with the gleeman. Or almost, anyway. You can see how everybody’s been over just a rumor of fireworks.”
“I can see,” Bran replied with a sidelong look at the thatcher. “And if I knew for sure how that rumor started . . . if I thought, for instance, that somebody had been complaining about how much things cost where people could hear him when the things are supposed to be secret . . . ”
Cenn cleared his throat. “My bones are too old for this wind.  Mayor. Al’Thor.
“Sometimes I think Nynaeve is right about . . . Well, that’s not important now. You young fellows think for a minute. Everyone’s excited about the fireworks, true, and that’s only at a rumor. Think how they’ll be if the peddler doesn’t get here in time, after all their anticipating. And with the weather the way it is, who knows when he will come. They’d be fifty times as excited about a gleeman.”
“And feel fifty times as bad if he hadn’t come,” Rand said slowly. “Even Bel Tine might not do much for people’s spirits after that.”
“You have a head on your shoulders when you choose to use it,” Bran said. “He’ll follow you on the Village Council one day, Tam. Mark my words. He couldn’t do much worse right now than someone I could name.”
“None of this is unloading the cart,” Tam said briskly, handing the first cask of brandy to the Mayor. “I want a warm fire, my pipe, and a mug of your good ale.” He hoisted the second brandy cask onto his shoulder. “I’m sure Rand will thank you for your help, Matrim. Remember, the sooner the cider is in the cellar . . . ”
As Tam and Bran disappeared into the inn, Rand looked at his friend. “You don’t have to help. Dav won’t keep that badger long.”
“Oh, why not?” Mat said resignedly. “Like your da said, the quicker it’s in the cellar . . . ” Picking up one of the casks of cider in both arms, he hurried toward the inn in a half trot. “Maybe Egwene is around. Watching you stare at her like a poleaxed ox will be as good as a badger any day.”
Rand paused in the act of putting his bow and quiver in the back of the cart. He really had managed to put Egwene out of his mind. That was unusual in itself. But she would likely be around the inn somewhere. There was not much chance he could avoid her. Of course, it had been weeks since he saw her last.
“Well?” Mat called from the front of the inn. “I didn’t say I would do it by myself. You aren’t on the Village Council yet.”
With a start, Rand took up a cask and followed. Perhaps she would not be there after all. Oddly, that possibility did not make him feel any better.


Reading Question 3.
A related issue in redistricting is that of prison gerrymandering, which is the longstanding Census practice of counting people who are incarcerated as "residents" of the town of the prison facility as opposed to residents of the town in which they are from. Maryland and New York became the first two states to ban this practice and adjust their Census data in the 2011 redistricting cycle and a handful of states followed suit for the 2021 cycle. From a voting perspective, why is prison gerrymandering an issue? (What laws exist regarding felony disenfranchisement, the right of incarcerated people to vote?) Furthermore, why is prison gerrymandering a social justice issue?


ConsoleKit2-1.0.0
Introduction to ConsoleKit
The ConsoleKit package is a
framework for keeping track of the various users, sessions, and
seats present on a system. It provides a mechanism for software to
react to changes of any of these items or of any of the metadata
associated with them.
This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.8
platform.
Package Information
ConsoleKit Dependencies
Required
dbus-glib-0.104 and Xorg Libraries
Recommended
Linux-PAM-1.2.1 and Polkit-0.113
Warning
If you intend NOT to
install polkit, you will need to
manually edit the ConsoleKit.conf file to lock down the service.
Failure to do so may be a huge SECURITY HOLE.
Optional
xmlto-0.0.26
User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/consolekit
Installation of ConsoleKit
Install ConsoleKit by running the
following commands:
./configure --prefix=/usr \
--sysconfdir=/etc \
--localstatedir=/var \
--enable-udev-acl \
--enable-pam-module \
--enable-polkit \
--with-xinitrc-dir=/etc/X11/app-defaults/xinitrc.d \
--docdir=/usr/share/doc/ConsoleKit-1.0.0 \
--with-systemdsystemunitdir=no &&
make
This package does not come with a test suite.
Now, as the root
user:
make install &&
mv -v /etc/X11/app-defaults/xinitrc.d/90-consolekit{,.sh}
Command Explanations
--enable-udev-acl
: This
switch enables building of the udev-acl tool, which is used to
allow normal users to access device nodes normally only accessible
to root
.
--enable-pam-module
: This
switch enables building of the ConsoleKit PAM module which is needed for ConsoleKit to work correctly with PAM. Remove if Linux
PAM is NOT
installed.
--enable-polkit
: Enable
PolicyKit support.
--with-xinitrc-dir=/etc/X11/app-defaults/xinitrc.d
:
Fix the location of the 90-consolekit.sh script. Notice that the
script has been renamed after installation, because xinitrc only
sources script names ending with extension .sh.
--with-systemdsystemunitdir=no
:
Disable attempting to build with systemd libraries.
--enable-docbook-docs
: Use this switch
if xmlto is installed and you wish
to build the API documentation.
Configuring ConsoleKit
PAM Module Configuration
If you use Linux PAM, it needs
to be configured to activate ConsoleKit upon user login. This can be
achieved by editing the /etc/pam.d/system-session
file as the
root
user:
cat >> /etc/pam.d/system-session << "EOF"
# Begin ConsoleKit addition
session optional pam_loginuid.so
session optional pam_ck_connector.so nox11
# End ConsoleKit addition
EOF
You will also need a helper script that creates a file in
/var/run/console
named as the
currently logged in user and that contains the D-Bus address of the session. You can create
the script by running the following commands as the root
user:
cat > /usr/lib/ConsoleKit/run-session.d/pam-foreground-compat.ck << "EOF"
#!/bin/sh
TAGDIR=/var/run/console
[ -n "$CK_SESSION_USER_UID" ] || exit 1
[ "$CK_SESSION_IS_LOCAL" = "true" ] || exit 0
TAGFILE="$TAGDIR/`getent passwd $CK_SESSION_USER_UID | cut -f 1 -d:`"
if [ "$1" = "session_added" ]; then
mkdir -p "$TAGDIR"
echo "$CK_SESSION_ID" >> "$TAGFILE"
fi
if [ "$1" = "session_removed" ] && [ -e "$TAGFILE" ]; then
sed -i "\%^$CK_SESSION_ID\$%d" "$TAGFILE"
[ -s "$TAGFILE" ] || rm -f "$TAGFILE"
fi
EOF
chmod -v 755 /usr/lib/ConsoleKit/run-session.d/pam-foreground-compat.ck
See /usr/share/doc/ConsoleKit/spec/ConsoleKit.html for more
configuration.
Contents
Installed Programs:
ck-history, ck-launch-session,
ck-list-sessions, ck-log-system-restart, ck-log-system-start,
ck-log-system-stop and console-kit-daemon
Installed Libraries:
libck-connector.so and
pam_ck_connector.so
Installed Directories:
/{etc,usr/{include,lib},var/{log,run}}/ConsoleKit and
/usr/share/doc/ConsoleKit-1.0.0
Short Descriptions
|
ck-history
|
is a utility that provides information from the
ConsoleKit database about what users have logged into the
system.
|
|
ck-launch-session
|
is a utility for starting a command in its own ConsoleKit
session.
|
|
ck-list-sessions
|
list sessions with respective properties. Also good for
debugging purposes.
|
|
ck-log-system-restart
|
write system restart to log.
|
|
ck-log-system-start
|
write system start to log.
|
|
ck-log-system-stop
|
write system stop to log.
|
|
console-kit-daemon
|
is the ConsoleKit
daemon.
|
Last updated on 2015-09-25 06:48:24 -0700


---
layout: page
title: Bo the Chatbot
---
A Discussion with Bo
The last part of this experience is a conversation with our chatbot, Bo. A chatbot is a computer program that is created to talk to people over the internet. In fact, the term chatbot is a combination of the words "chatter" and "robot"! We programmed our chatbot to lead a group discussion about egalitarianism. To start your discussion, just hit the small button in the bottom right hand corner of the screen.


Create Opportunity is a nonprofit aimed at providing micro-loans to local Bay Area entrepreneurs and business owners with zero interest rates. This website was a static site to provide information on the venture and provide viewers with a way to contact us.
This venture was spearheaded by Daniel Engels, who was responsible for reaching out to investors and potential applicants, while I, on the other hand, was in charge with the communication of the brand.
An open-source JavaScript framework for building user interfaces.
A server-side web application framework written in Ruby.
With speed in mind, I was able to pull a template for the general layout of the website, make the appropriate alterations to how the components were laid out, build the appropriate pages and connect the site to a Heroku server, where the PHP code embedded into the template was able to be executed.
In terms of time, the task that took the longest was designing the overall site and filling it in with the appropriate content.
Where is the project now? It is still in development. We are still in the process of figuring out the most cost-efficient way to recieve donations through the site before connecting it to our purchased domain name.


Homepages have evolved a bit in the many years that I've had one. I like to think of this version as the distributed presence iteration.
I love regexes, b&w photography, and chocolate chip cookies. Currently an infosec attorney in Seattle. Former SDET @ amzn. Wellesley alum, Google alum, USCG wife, perl hacker, nerd.
I occasionally update my blog and my sewing blog, West 38th
I'm on Twitter: @wendyck
Some of my: security how-tos and other writing are on Medium
As well as LinkedIn and github.
I keep pictures on Flickr as wck and Instagram
I read a lot. My current reading eventually gets imported into goodreads
I have a Tumblr and here is my pinterest
A list of some public speaking I've done--wendy knox everette


parse_block_html
- process kramdown syntax inside blocksparse_span_html
- process kramdown syntax inside inlineshtml_to_native
- convert html elements to native elements
{::options parse_block_html=“true” /}
For the GFM parser:
hard_wrap
http://kramdown.gettalong.org/parser/gfm.html
# _config.yml
markdown: kramdown
kramdown:
input: GFM
This is some text.[^1]. Other text.[^footnote].
[^1]: Some *crazy* footnote definition.
This is some text not written in HTML but in another language!
*[another language]: It's called Markdown
*[HTML]: HyperTextMarkupLanguage
A simple paragraph with an ID attribute.
{: #para-one}
> A blockquote with a title
{:title="The blockquote title"}
{: #myid}
* {:.cls} This item has the class "cls"
{:.ruby}
Some code here


The Legendz Online Store is under E-Commerce Category. It contains some the mobile phone brands that is considered to be the cheapest units here in the Philippines. It is cheap but it is functional and is beneficial to every user. The cameras might not be that too excellent but it captures clear images at its adjusted resolution. The phones are very light and is handy. These are only a few of our cheap products. For more details, kindly visit our Contact tab and click on the related links
SKK Mobile is the Coolest and One of the largest gadgets, smartphones, tablets and accessories provider company all over the Philippines.
ZH&K Commercial Corporation has years of accumulative experiences in the products development knowledge, mobile phone market analysis and innovative trend setting. Its service policy has been always to have the responsive local after sale services through our well trained technical engineers coordinated with manufacturers support to provide competent local service support to existing local customer base.
CKK mobile technology limited company (abbreviation: CKK MOBILE) was founded in 2010, is headquartered in Philippines Manila.Is a commitment to provide consumers with a full range of mobile communication and information services to leading enterprises. CKK mobile adhere to the "quality first" as the core, adhering to the "customer success. Business innovation. Multiple win-win. Integrity" values; to provide users with "fashion technology. Quality. Easy to use" the mobile communication products and meet customer product personality needs, the user at any time to enjoy the mobile communication happy. future, CKK mobile will be full of enthusiasm in the spirit of innovation, cooperation and win-win business philosophy, pragmatic and enterprising attitude development, is committed to become an international well-known mobile phone business, society, and actively promote the communications industry development.


Lyrics of Love and Laughter
by Paul Laurence Dunbar
Dat Ol' Mare O' Mine
Additional Information
- Year Published: 1913
- Language: English
- Country of Origin: United States of America
- Source: Dunbar, P.L. (1913). The Complete Poems of Paul Laurence Dunbar. New York: Dodd, Mead, and Company.
-
Readability:
- Flesch–Kincaid Level: 6.5
- Word Count: 611
- Genre: Poetry
- ✎ Cite This
Downloads
Want to trade me, do you, mistah? Oh, well, now, I reckon not,
W’y you could n’t buy my Sukey fu’ a thousan’ on de spot.
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine?
Yes, huh coat ah long an’ shaggy, an’ she ain’t no shakes to see;
Dat’s a ring–bone, yes, you right, suh, an’ she got a on’ry knee,
But dey ain’t no use in talkin’, she de only hoss fu’ me,
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.
Co’se, I knows dat Suke ’s contra’y, an’ she moughty ap’ to vex;
But you got to mek erlowance fu’ de nature of huh sex;
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.
Ef you pull her on de lef han’; she plum ‘termined to go right,
A cannon could n’t skeer huh, but she boun’ to tek a fright
At a piece o’ common paper, or anyt’ing whut’s white,
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.
Wen my eyes commence to fail me, dough, I trus’es to huh sight,
An’ she ‘ll tote me safe an’ hones’ on de ve’y da’kes’ night,
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.
Ef I whup huh, she jes’ switch huh tail, an’ settle to a walk,
Ef I whup huh mo’, she shek huh haid, an’ lak ez not, she balk.
But huh sense ain’t no ways lackin’, she do evah t’ing but talk,
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.
But she gentle ez a lady w’en she know huh beau kin see.
An’ she sholy got mo’ gumption any day den you or me,
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.
She’s a leetle slow a–goin,’ an’ she moughty ha’d to sta’t,
But we ’s gittin’ ol’ togathah, an’ she ’s closah to my hea’t,
An’ I does n’t reckon, mistah, dat she ‘d sca’cely keer to pa’t;
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.
W’y I knows de time dat cidah ’s kin’ o’ muddled up my haid,
Ef it had n’t been fu’ Sukey hyeah, I reckon I ‘d been daid;
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.
But she got me in de middle o’ de road an’ tuk me home,
An’ she would n’t let me wandah, ner she would n’t let me roam,
Dat’s de kin’ o’ hoss to tie to w’en you ’s seed de cidah’s foam,
Dat ol’ mare o’ mine.


class: center, middle # Generate your test-data Gerbrand van Dieijen Amsterdam.scala Meetup, 27 Februari 2020 ??? The need for writing automated tests is now well accepted. What about generating your test-data? Most of you may have heard of Property-based-testing, but do you use it? This session is for people who write unit-tests regularly and want start on property-based testing using Scalacheck. We'll start with some classical unit tests for a sample application. First, some of the tests are replaced by TableDrivenProperty test, removing many near duplicate unit-tests. Next we'll go deeper into Scalacheck's generators, not just making arbitrary data. --- # What is Property based testing -- * Check properties about your software * Creating properties is what you do -- * You also have to write asserts, be creative on properties -- * Framework tries to find data that fails your properties * You might have to create generators yourself * *Shrinking* to find smallest counter-example ??? What does my software actually do? What is supposed to do? Not very different from TDD, or automatic tests in general but slightly more fundamental Framework tries to find data that will fail your test. Data could be random, or based on some corpus. What are properties ? References: https://hypothesis.works/articles/what-is-property-based-testing/ --- # History - 1999: QuickCheck, by by John Hughes and Koen Claessen -- - 2007: ScalaCheck, by Rickard Nilsson -- - Implementations for other programming languages, including: C++, PHP, Python, Java ??? So including imperative languages also References: https://github.com/steos/php-quickcheck/blob/master/README.md --- # What is Property Based Testing Not -- * Proving correctness -- * Type-checking, dependent types, refinement types * Idris, Coq -- * Testing pure functions only -- * Also for integration-tests too * But no global side-effects (or rollback after each test) ??? https://hypothesis.works/articles/referential-transparency/ * Also for integration-tests too * Referential transparency is not a must * But it helps * But no global side-effects (or rollback after each test) * For Example, Property based testing is used to test software of Volvo (from John Hughes) being supplied by suppliers For proving certain properties you could types https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Refinement_type https://www.idris-lang.org/ --- # How to get started? -- - Most basic Property: does my software crash? - Generate for your input - Asserts in your code -- - *Fuzzing* ??? Audience question? What is most basic property you can think of yourr software? * Very much related to property based testing * Slightly less academic origin * Using random data originally * Checking the property: does it crash? --- # Existing unit tests? - Turn examples into tables - Try to generate input data - Use existing asserts --- # Slides with codes ![Scala](images/Scala_logo.png "Scala") --- # Dependencies Add to build.sbt: ```scala libraryDependencies += "org.scalacheck" %% "scalacheck" % "1.14.3" % Test libraryDependencies += "org.scalatest" %% "scalatest" % "3.1.1" % Test libraryDependencies += "org.scalatestplus" %% "scalatestplus-scalacheck" % "<IP_ADDRESS>-RC2" % Test libraryDependencies += "eu.timepit" %% "refined-scalacheck" % refinedVersion % Test ``` --- # Add imports ```scala import java.util.{Date, UUID} import org.scalacheck.Gen import org.scalatest._ import org.scalatestplus.scalacheck.ScalaCheckPropertyChecks ``` --- # Unit test Simple unit test ```scala case class ForeName(name: String) extends AnyVal case class SurName(name: String) extends AnyVal case class Name(foreName: ForeName, surName: SurName) { def display(): String = ... } class NameSpec extends WordSpecLike with Matchers { "Name" should { "should contain space between first and last name" in { Name(ForeName("Daan"), SurName("Vries")).display() should be ("Daan Vries") } "should be just forename" in { Name(ForeName("Merel")).display() should be ("Merel") } } ``` --- # Simple test with table data Test with examples ```scala import org.scalatest.prop.TableDrivenPropertyChecks._ class CountrySpec extends AnyWordSpecLike with TableDrivenPropertyChecks { "CountryCode" should { "parse String" in { forAll( Table( ("input", "expected"), ("NL", CountryCode.NL), ("BE", CountryCode.BE), ("nl", CountryCode.NL), ) ) { (input, expected) => { assert(CountryCode.parse(input) === expected) } } } } } ``` --- # Simple test with random data ```scala class MyUIDTest extends WordSpecLike with Matchers with ScalaCheckPropertyChecks { implicit override val generatorDrivenConfig = PropertyCheckConfiguration(minSize = 20) val counter = Gen.choose(0, Int.MaxValue >> 8) val date = Gen.calendar.map(_.getTime) forAll(date, counter) { (d: Date, c: Int) => { val objectId = new ObjectId(d, c) val uuid = objectIdToUUID(objectId) uuid.value should be(UUID.fromString(uuid.value.toString)) } } } } ``` ??? The amount of samples that are generated can be tweaked using PropertyCheckConfiguration --- # More generators -- * Using for expressions ```scala val emailGen = for { username <- Gen.asciiPrintableStr server <- Gen.asciiPrintableStr } yield (Email(s"$username@$server")) val moneyGen = for { amount <- Gen.chooseNum(0, 1000000) currency <- currencyGen } yield Money(amount, currency) ``` -- * Using map ```scala val posBigDecimal = Gen.choose(0, 100000d).map(BigDecimal(_)) val zoneGen = Gen.oneOf(ZoneId.getAvailableZoneIds.asScala).map(ZoneId.of(_)) val dateTimeGen = Gen.calendar.map(c => ZonedDateTime.ofInstant(c.toInstant, ZoneId.systemDefault())) ``` --- * Generating a domain class ```scala val posBigDecimal = Gen.choose(0, 100000d).map(BigDecimal(_)) val percentage = Gen.choose(0, 1).map(Percentage(_)) val currencyGen = Gen.oneOf(Seq(Currency.Euro, Currency.Chf)) val priceGen = for { currency <- currencyGen withoutTax <- posBigDecimal.map(Money(_, currency)) vatRate <- percentage withTax = Money(withoutTax.value * (1 + vatRate.value), withoutTax.currency) } yield Price(withoutTax, withTax, vatRate) ``` -- Using the generator to test a property ```scala forAll(priceGen) { case price: Price => { whenever(price.vatRate.value>0) { assert(price.withoutTax.value < price.withTax.value) price.withoutTax should be (price.withTax.value - (price.withTax.value * price.vatRate.value)) } } } ``` Tip: use whenever ??? Use whenever often, depending on implementation, helps framework on 'shrinking', to find specific data that fails the test --- # Arbitrary data for any type ```scala implicit val arbitraryEmail = Arbitrary(emailGen) implicit val arbitraryCurrency = Arbitrary(currencyGen) implicit val arbitraryDateTime = Arbitrary(dateTimeGen) implicit val arbitraryPrice = Arbitrary(priceGen) implicit val arbitraryMoney = Arbitrary(moneyGen) implicit val arbitraryPercentage = Arbitrary(percentageGen) implicit val arbitraryAmount = Arbitrary(amountGen) ``` -- Using shapeless for case classes ```scala import org.scalacheck.ScalacheckShapeless._ implicitly[Arbitrary[Name]] //Optional ``` ??? Uses macro's. Might be a bit to automatic. If you omit shapeless: Error:(84, 14) could not find implicit value for parameter arbA: org.scalacheck.Arbitrary[amsterdamscala.domain.Name] forAll { n: Name => --- # Based on types ```scala case class Order(User: user, amount: Amount, price: Money) case class User(Name: name, email: Email) ... ``` -- Using types only to check property *notice the {* ```scala forAll { (n: Name) => whenever(n.surname.name.length>0) { n.dislayName should contain (s" ${surname.name}") } } ``` ??? This requires you to make your types specific. Helps in property test, but also helps the type checker --- # Using resultOf to use arbitrary values ```scala val userGen = for { id <- arbitrary[Int] name <- Gen.resultOf(Name) email <- emailGen } yield (User(id, name, email)) ``` ??? You use arbitrary types in Gen too --- # Share generators - Share generator as library for your domain -- - Use existing generators - https://github.com/47deg/scalacheck-toolbox --- # Wrapping up - Start simple - Property *Does it crash* - Use examples and assertions of existing tests - Make types specific to allow arbitraty data -- [github.com/gerbrand/Presentations/tree/master/GenerateYourTestData](https://github.com/gerbrand/Presentations/tree/master/GenerateYourTestData) [software-creation.nl](https://www.software-creation.nl) ??? More examples: [Examples of writing mixed unit/property-based (ScalaTest with ScalaCheck) tests.](https://gist.github.com/davidallsopp/60d7474a1fe8dc9b1f2d)


Timeline of Triggered Interactions
Ongoing Interactions.
| Action name |
Identity |
Participants |
Timestamp |
|
{{instance.name}}
|
{{instance.identity}}
|
|
kill
|
Previously Triggered Interactions.
| Action name |
Identity |
Participants |
Timestamp |
|
{{instance.name}}
|
{{instance.identity}}
|
|
kill
|


-
Choies Girl
Weekly editor’s picks › -
Best Sellers Edit
Our weekly top picks › -
Cold Shoulder
Subtly sexy and chic › -
Lace Up
The fashion style to wear now › -
Skirts
Find your perfect shirts › -
Rompers & Jumpsuits
The ultimate go-to piece ›


Edit user
This page explains how to edit your user profile.
Accessing your user profile
To access your user profile:
- Click on your picture in the top right corner of the screen and select the menu option with your name.
- Click the Edit button to the right of your name.
- Select the Data tab.
- Fill out your changes in the form and click the Save button.
The user information includes the following fields:
- Avatar: Click the Choose a file button next to your picture. Koliseo will extract your profile picture from your authentication provider when you log in for the first time, and with every new session it will update it. When you upload a custom picture, this behavior will be disabled.
- Name: Your name, to be displayed in listings.
- URL: The URL of your user profile. You can change it by modifying your uuid.
- Description: A short (140 characters) description to display on your user profile.
- Language: The language that the page will show when you are logged in. The supprted languages are English and Spanish.
- Twitter account: If set, your Twitter handle will be visible in your user profile and in any talks where you are a speaker.
- Gender: The gender of the user. Possible values are Male, Female, Other, or Non-Disclosed. The platform only includes this value with your talk proposals to help event organizers arrange a diverse agenda, and never on your public profile page. You can disable this by setting the value to “Non-Disclosed”.
- Select the Subscribed checkbox to get registered on the mailing list where we announce our new features.
When not logged in, Koliseo will use the language provided by your browser and default to English if not supported. This language will be saved into your user account the first time you log in. You may override this language at any time by adding a hl=en
or hl=es
GET parameter to any URL.
User deletion
To delete your user information, contact us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and we will proceed to remove your data.
After deleting your user:
- We will remove all your talks, feedback or bookmarks.
- We will reassign any existing tickets or events with sold tickets to a different user. We will keep them for accounting purposes.
Merge of user information
Koliseo does not support the merge of data from multiple user accounts that share the same e-mail address. That means that it is possible to log in with a Google or Linkedin account with the same e-mail address, but those would be two different users. To help avoid confusion, the login page shows which provider you used the last time.
UUID
Each user has a unique identifier in Koliseo which can be used to identify them. In the URL pointing to a user profile, the uuid is the part right after “koliseo.com”. For example, for https://www.koliseo.com/ccoloma the uuid is “ccoloma”.


WORK
THE STORY
We are working on a range of products that will appear here soon.
COLLABORATORS
Isaac Albéniz
Sweet Spot Cont..
Mac
Dog
Coffee


New Ships
NOTICE: If the following CGs are in a looping image-switching disaster, please
click here to go to flash player security settings, and add
chrome-extension:///
to the exceptions list.
- Click on "Edit Locations..."
- Choose "Add location"
- Paste the extension code mentioned, and confirm
- Refresh this page
New Equipment


@(loginForm: Form[web.Application.Login]) @main("Timely Essay | For Quality Service")(loginForm){ Computer Programming
For information technology professionals or students, projects are quite a brain drain. Programming can prove to be a challenge. Completing projects or assignments on computer science topics such as software engineering, computer programming, database design, application development, operating systems or conceptual modeling is an inevitable part of your course.
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load your own songs (the shorter, the less squished the visualisation will be)
This acts like a threshold, requiring a bigger change in energy to trigger a beat
{{#if advancedInterface}}
{{/if}}
{{#markdown}}
## What's going on
Beat detection using the web audio api
It relies a lot of energy in the beat and a constant bpm, so works well with dance tracks.
Try loading your own songs.
## Interpreting the visualisation
- White lines indicate where beats have been detected. Based off finding peaks in the convolution.
- Green is the 'energy' of the track at that time
- Magenta is the average energy of the number of previous samples
- Cyan is the result of the convolution.
- The background flashes green to the calculated bpm
The gap at the beginning is where the buffer is being built.
For fun here is another visualisation with characters jumping, use the arrow keys to move the dog
{{/markdown}}
{{> game}}


import {Polygon} from 'gisplay-es6-webpack/src/Gisplay/VVs/Primitives/Polygon.js'
Polygon
Representes a Polygon/MultiPolygon.
Constructor Summary
| Public Constructor | ||
| public |
|
Member Summary
| Public Members | ||
| public |
bufferBorders: Array<WebGLBuffer> The vertices of this polygon. |
|
| public |
bufferTriangles: Array<WebGLBuffer> The triangles are the indeces that make triangles in the vertices. |
|
| public |
The identifier of this Polygon. |
Method Summary
| Public Methods | ||
| public |
|
|
| public |
|
Public Constructors
public constructor() source
Public Members
public bufferBorders: Array<WebGLBuffer> source
The vertices of this polygon. Each vertex has a longitude (x) and latitude (y).


If you have some information for the seller you can leave them in the box below
Shipping and additional costs are calculated based on values you have entered.


Serializable
and do not declare a serialVersionUID
field.
Without a serialVersionUID
field, any change to a class will make previously serialized versions unreadable.
Example:
class Main implements Serializable {
}
After the quick-fix is applied:
class Main implements Serializable {
private static final long serialVersionUID = -1446398935944895849L;
}
Use the "Options" panel to configure the inspection:
Serializable
from a superclass, are not intended for serialization. Such classes would
lead this inspection to report unnecessarily.
Serializable
anonymous classes.


 The only hope for humanity lies in the recovery of a secret cache of doomsday weapons -and a renegade named Clavain who is determined to find them. But other factions want the weapons for their own purposes - and the weapons themselves have another agenda altogether...
Antoinette Bax watched the police proxy unfold itself from the airlock. The machine was all planar black armour and sharp articulated limbs, like a scuplture made from many pairs of scissors. It was deathly cold, for it had been clamped to the outside of one of the three police cutters which now pinned her ship. A rime of urine-coloured propellant frost boiled off it in pretty little whorls and helices.


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- signum() - Method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Returns 1 for positive values, -1 for negative values (including -0), and 0 for the positive zero value
- sqrt() - Method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Computes a square root of the value of this Quadruple
and replaces the old value of this instance with the newly-computed value.
- sqrt(Quadruple) - Static method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Computes a square root of the value of the given Quadruple
,
creates and returns a new instance of Quadruple containing the value of the square root.
- subtract(Quadruple) - Method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Subtracts the value of the given Quadruple
subtrahend from the value of this Quadruple.
- subtract(long) - Method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Subtracts the value of the given long
subtrahend from the value of this Quadruple.
- subtract(double) - Method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Subtracts the value of the given double
subtrahend from the value of this Quadruple.
- subtract(Quadruple, Quadruple) - Static method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Subtracts the value of the Quadruple
subtrahend
from the value of the minuend
,
creates and returns a new instance of Quadruple that contains the difference.
- subtract(Quadruple, long) - Static method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Subtracts the value of the long
subtrahend
from the value of the minuend
,
creates and returns a new instance of Quadruple that contains the difference.
- subtract(Quadruple, double) - Static method in class com.mvohm.quadruple.Quadruple
-
Subtracts the value of the double
subtrahend
from the value of the minuend
,
creates and returns a new instance of Quadruple that contains the difference.


The easiest way to lazy-load images
Recently, I’ve been interested in improving the performance of my website, especially on the ‘Drawings’ page, where I showcase some of my artwork. Images are often the most common cause of poor website performance, due to their large file size. I found a neat tool called Lighthouse that helps debug performance issues and provide suggestions for improvements.
I ran Lighthouse on the previous version of my drawings page, and got the following:
Here are the definitions of each metric, according to Lighthouse:
- First Contentful Paint (FCP): how long it takes the browser to render the first piece of DOM content after a user navigates to your page
- Time to Interactive (TTI): how long it takes a page to become fully interactive
- Speed Index (SI): how quickly content is visually displayed during page load
- Total Blocking Time (TBP): total amount of time that a page is blocked from responding to user input, such as mouse clicks, screen taps, or keyboard presses
- Largest Contentful Paint (LCP): when the largest content element in the viewport is rendered to the screen
- Cumulative Layout Shift (CLS): sum total of all individual layout shift scores for every unexpected layout shift that occurs during the entire lifespan of the page (not very applicable in my case)
Clearly, the metrics in red are opportunities for improvement. Images are the usually the most common cause of poor TTI and SI metrics. There are two strategies for making images load more efficiently: properly size images and offscreen images.
I draw in Procreate, and typically output images that are 2078x2078 in dimensions (or around that size for non-square canvas). Even though I generate 250x250 thumbnails on the website, these files are way too big. I used ImageMagick and resized them down to 1000x1000.
convert old-image.png -resize 1000x1000 new-image.png
This change, however, was not enough. 1000x1000 is still a considerable size, and rendering all images at once continues to generate poor TTI and SI metrics. My drawings page displays a grid of thumbnails that only show the full-res image after you click on a particular thumbnail. One idea is to defer loading the full-res image until after a user clicks on a thumbnail.
To achieve this, I used lazysizes for lazy loading images. Lazy loading is the approach of waiting to load resources until they are needed, rather than loading them in advance. This can improve TTI and SI by reducing the number of resources that need to be loaded on initial page load.
3 Steps (I’m using Hugo):
- Download
lazysizes.min.js
and place instatic/js
folder - In
layouts/partials/head.html
, add<script src="/js/lazysizes.min.js" async=""></script>
- In
layouts/drawings/list.html
, addlazyload
class to full-res images and changesrc
todata-src
:
<img class="d-block d-sm-none lazyload" data-src="../{{ .image }}" alt="{{ .alt }}">
Here is my new performance results after resizing and lazy-loading:
.
The most significant improvements are in TTI and SI; they each had decreased by more than 90 percent! LCP is still not ideal at around 21 seconds, but now it is due to render-blocking Javascript and CSS resources as opposed to large image files.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block page_title %} About - GOV.UK Prototype kit {% endblock %} {% block content %} Which benefits are you getting now? Which benefits are you getting now? Working Tax Credit Child Tax Credit Jobseeker's Allowance (JSA) Employment Support Allowance (ESA) Income Support Housing Benefit hidden {% endblock %}


Chanel and Hermes Are Tops in the Resale Bag Market, But Dior and Gucci Are Gaining Ground
by Charles ManningRebag is a leading player in the booming luxury resale market, with an incredible inventory of some of the rarest and most iconic (and genuine) designer bags available anywhere. The Daily caught up with the company’s founder and CEO, Charles Gorra, to find out more about the world of resale and what kind of bags make the best investment.
What brands have the highest resale value?
Chanel and Hermès are usually the highest. The Chanel brand, in general, retains much of its original retail value, usually between 65-75 percent. For example, many of the classic pieces resell well due to the frequent increase in retail price regularly imposed by the brand, which makes them that much more in demand on the resale market. Hermès’ resale value, on the other hand, retains between 80-90% of its retail price, almost entirely due to the exclusivity surrounding its bags and the difficulty in acquiring them. Hermès is truly the unicorn of the luxury resale industry.
Paris-Habana Lego Clutch Plexiglass, CHANEL (Available at Rebag), $7,420;
18K Charms Classic Double Flap Bag Quilted Lambskin Medium, CHANEL (Available at Rebag), $5,255; Lifesaver Round Crossbody Bag Lambskin Small, CHANEL (Available at Rebag), $3,795
What brands are on the rise?
Dior and Gucci have made major headway, increasing in value in recent years, not only due to style but the quality of product as well. We align brand value with resale value, and both of these brands are in high demand and reap a good resale price.
Dionysus Bag Python Medium, GUCCI (Available at Rebag), $2,460; Book Tote Multicolor Embroidered Canvas, CHRISTIAN DIOR (Available at Rebag), $2,890; Saddle Handbag Leather Medium, CHRISTIAN DIOR (Available at Rebag), $3,795
Besides brand name, what makes a bag a good or bad investment?
There is a lot of value in a brand’s name but we’ve come to realize it isn’t just the name alone. The name is often associated with the superior craftsmanship that can be associated with it, which in turn means that a handbag can last and keep its value over time. When it comes to which ones will ultimately an investment, your best bet is to stick to classic silhouettes and colors that have stood the test of time – think crossbody styles, classic tote shapes, or shoulder bags, and bags in black, beige, tan, or navy, to name some examples. Anything too niche or overly embellished could become obsolete at some point.

The most expensive bag sold would be the Hermès 30 cm Himalayan Niloticus Crocodile Birkin. The Birkin is already incredibly hard to come by, even more so in this material, so it’s no surprise it fetched a staggering $72k.
Kelly Handbag Natural Ostrich with Gold Hardware 32, HERMÈS (Available at Rebag), $15,440; One Two Three and Away We Go Birkin Bag Limited Edition Printed Swift 25, HERMÈS (Available at Rebag), $40,015
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Helen George defends ‘unconventional' Duchess of Sussex amid ‘hostility'
Actress Helen George has spoken in defence of the Duchess of Sussex, who she said “women are tearing down” for being “different”.
The Call The Midwife star contrasted “hostility” towards Meghan with praise for another “unconventional” woman, award-winning actress and playwright, Phoebe Waller-Bridge.
George, 35, made the comparison in an interview with the Mail On Sunday’s Event magazine about her latest role as the female protagonist in My Cousin Rachel.
The play – based on a Daphne du Maurier novel – follows Philip, a young man in Cornwall who suspects his cousin Ambrose’s wife, Rachel, of being responsible for his death.
Miss George plays Rachel, a character she describes as “outrageously bohemian” within a traditional Cornish community in 19th century England.
She said: “I think the way Rachel was viewed smacks of our current situation with Meghan Markle and the treatment she gets simply because she is a woman who is not doing things in the way this establishment – the Royal Family – do them.
“She is different and that engenders hostility.”
George added: “I have always been a feminist, but I’m now living through an era where women are tearing down Meghan Markle for not behaving like a traditional member of the Royal Family, while at the same time Phoebe Waller-Bridge is being heaped with awards and praise for Fleabag, a drama series about a woman most definitely not behaving in a conventional manner for a woman.
“It’s completely crazy.”
George has played glamorous midwife Trixie in BBC drama Call The Midwife since the show first aired in 2012.
The actress, who took part in Strictly Come Dancing in 2015, gave birth to her daughter, Wren, in 2017.


Graphs Category without time and without filter
Plotting all the with respect to time with in two date range
This is type of graph with in a range of the time and filtered by one parameter
This is type of graph and filtered by one parameter


Do
Open Drawing
Export as XML
Dwaing 1.xml
Open Drawing
Export as XML
Dwaing 1.xml
Open Drawing
Export as XML
Dwaing 1.xml
Open Drawing
Export as XML


About this HIT:
- Please only participate in this HIT if you have normal color vision.
- It should take about 15 minutes.
- You will take part in an experiment involving visual perception. You will shown 2 images. Your task it to determine if the images are the exact same or different. Even small differences count as different.
- You will complete a short practice (less than 1 minute) before starting the main task.