---
layout: post
title: Inserting NULL values when trying to create mulitple model objects
date: '2007-04-08T08:43:00.001-07:00'
author: Rimas Silkaitis
tags:
- rails
modified_time: '2008-11-18T15:46:40.374-08:00'
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6201986.post-8672594853818952662
blogger_orig_url: http://neovintage.blogspot.com/2007/04/null-values-and-boolean-fields.html
---
When creating a new object in Rails and you want the value to result in a NULL value in the database, you typically just have to set the value of the field to nil and you're on your way. In my situation, I needed to default the value of the Boolean field on the table to NULL if the user did not select a value. I used a collection select method to allow the user to select "Yes", "No" or to leave the field blank. Then in the controller I thought that I could just refer to the params[:new_object] and I would be good. Unfortunately, when creating the new object the value of the field was always getting set to false. Lets go over how I initially setup my code.
In the form:
<% form_tag(save_review_reviews_path(@project, @phase), :method => :put, :id => params[:phase_id]) do %>
<% @review_points.each_with_index do |rp, index| %>
<% fields_for "rp[#{index}]", rp do |f| %>
<%= f.collection_select(:compliant, [{"1" => "Yes"}, {"0" => "No"}], :keys, :values, :include_blank => true) -%>
<% end %>
<% end %>
<% end %>
In the controller code:
params[:rp].each_value do |rp|
@review.review_points.build(:compliant => rp[:compliant])
end
Every time I ran through the tests the value was always getting set to false when the user had left the select box blank. I tried removing the :include_blank in the collection select and putting another hash for nil, {nil => ""}. That didn't work either, the value was still getting set to false. In try number two, I used the code as posted above, and then I tried to default the value of record to NULL through the migration. That failed as well.
Finally, I just decided to add an extra step before actually building the record in the controller. As a result, the action worked as I expected, I was able to insert NULL values. This is how the controller looks now:
params[:rp].each_value do |rp|
rp[:compliant] = nil if rp[:compliant] == ""
@review.review_points.build(:compliant => rp[:compliant])
end
Too bad we could just use the params object and automatically default the field to null when creating the object.


The engineers tasked to solve society's problems need a broad range of skills that will allow them to tap into ideas beyond one engineering field; they have to be entrepreneurs who can see through challenges and find solutions within a local context. They must be ethical and responsible, and see the short and long term effects of their decisions on society and the environment. They also have to be leaders who can communicate their ideas and work with teams to solve problems.
Ashesi’s Engineering Programme is designed to train such engineers. In addition to engineering specialties (computer, electrical and electronic, or mechanical), there will be a strong emphasis on foundational concepts, systems thinking and problem-solving that cross traditional boundaries. Ashesi’s Engineering graduates will bring the trademark Ashesi strengths—strong ethics, leadership skills, and a commitment to positive change— that will help create a new era of progress in African industry and infrastructure.
The goals of Ashesi's engineering programme are:
brightness_1 Give students broad engineering skills that will enable them solve the challenging problems of our society, and core entrepreneurial skills to think about how to transfer their solutions to the marketplace.
brightness_1 Enable students to be creative and critical thinkers to find the best solutions to the problems of our society, even in situations they have never encountered before. Instill in students ethical and responsible behaviours that place doing the right thing for society and the environment above personal or professional gain.
brightness_1 Give students strong leadership skills that will enable them lead in solving the problems they encounter, and prepare students with excellent communication skills to enable them to communicate their knowledge and ideas to supervisors, colleagues, customers, and society at large.


This is an experimental writing system inspired by IPA, Hangeul, and Artifexian's Oa.
It has no real life use, but I think it's pretty easy to learn, and can be applied to practically any language.
It is written left-to-right, top-to-bottom.
It is written as it is pronounced, so a word like "through" will be written with three symbols, not seven.
All sounds are written in rectangular blocks of constant width. All consonants have a horizontal line at the high level; all vowels have a horizontal line at the mid level.
The spelling of every consonant is determined by its place of articulation, its manner of articulation and its voiceness.
The places of articulation are as follows: bilabial, labiodental, dental, alveolar, retroflex, postalveolar, palatal, velar, uvular, pharyngeal, glottal. Each is shown as a unique stroke under the horizontal line.
| Places of articulation | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| a | z | s | x | d | c | f | v | g | b | h |
| Extra places of articulation |
|
| Labiovelar | (Lateral) |
| / | ' |
| Secondary articulation / aspiration | |||||
| None | Labia- lisation |
Palata- lisation |
Velari- sation |
Pharyngea- lisation |
Aspiration |
| x | xA | xC | xV | xB | xH |
| s | sʷ | sʲ | sˠ | sˤ | sʰ |
Every manner of articulation is represented by specific modifications to the glyph.
Plosives, or stops, have a stroke below.
| Stops | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| aj | zj | sj | xj | dj | cj | fj | vj | gj | bj | hj | |
| p | p̪ | t̪ | t | ʈ | t̠ | c | k | q | ʡ | ʔ |
| Nasal stops | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| ajl | zjl | sjl | xjl | djl | cjl | fjl | vjl | gjl | bjl | hjl | |
| m | ɱ | n | ɳ | ɲ | ŋ | ɴ |
| Affricates | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| ak | zk | sk | xk | dk | ck | fk | vk | gk | bk | hk | |
| p͡ɸ | p̪͡f | t̪͡θ | t͡s | ʈ͡ʂ | t̠͡ʃ | c͡ç | k͡x | q͡χ | ʡ͡ħ | ʔ͡h |
| Fricatives | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| a | z | s | x | d | c | f | v | g | b | h | |
| ɸ | f | θ | s | ʂ | ʃ | ç | x | χ | ħ | h |
| Approximants | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| am | zm | sm | xm | dm | cm | fm | vm | gm | bm | hm | |
| ʋ | ɹ | ɻ | j | ɰ |
| Trills | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| a, | z, | s, | x, | d, | c, | f, | v, | g, | b, | h, | |
| ʙ | r | ʀ | ʢ |
| Taps or flaps | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| a< | z< | s< | x< | d< | c< | f< | v< | g< | b< | h< | |
| ⱱ | ɾ | ɽ |
| Lateral approximants | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| am; | zm; | sm; | xm; | dm; | cm; | fm; | vm; | gm; | bm; | hm; | |
| l | ɭ | ʎ | ʟ |
| Alveolar lateral affricates / fricatives |
|
| Affricate | Fricative |
| xk; | x; |
| t͡ɬ | ɬ |
| Lateral alveolars | |||
| Affricate | Fricative | Approximant | Tap |
| 'k | ' | 'm | '< |
| t͡ɬ | ɬ | l | ɺ |
Most languages have voiceless obstruents (i.e. plosives, affricates and fricatives) and voiced sonorants (i.e. approximants, trills, taps and nasals). Thus, in UFA, a horizontal stroke is drawn in the middle of the consonant to make an obstruent voiced, or to make a sonorant voiceless.
| Some examples of voiced-voiceless pairs | ||||||
| Obstruents | Sonorants | |||||
| Bilabial stops |
Velar stops |
Alveolar fricatives |
Lateral fricatives |
Velar nasals |
Palatal approximants |
Pharyngeal (epiglottal) trills |
| aj | bj | x | ' | vjln | fmn | b,n |
| p | k | s | ɬ | ŋ̊ | j̊ | ʜ |
| ajn | bjn | xn | 'n | vjl | fm | b, |
| b | g | z | ɮ | ŋ | j | ʢ |
Geminates are represented with double strokes for articulation. Half-strokes (secondary articulation or aspiration) don't get doubled. For the purpose of simplifying glyphs, horizontal parts of the stroke don't get doubled as well.
If your language distinguishes palatoalveolars from alveolopalatals, you can represent alveolopalatals as palatalised palatoalveolars.
Glottalic consonants, aka ejectives and implosives, are represented with a glottal half-stroke. However, the half-stroke is actually in the bottom half of the glyph, which makes it unlike aspiration. Since languages generally don't use voiceless implosives or voiced ejectives, UFA kinda merges the two categories, distinguishing them using just voiceness.
| Ejective stops | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| aj. | zj. | sj. | xj. | dj. | cj. | fj. | vj. | gj. | bj. | hj. | |
| pʼ | p̪ʼ | t̪ʼ | tʼ | ʈʼ | t̠ʼ | cʼ | kʼ | qʼ | ʡʼ | ʔʼ | |
| Implosives | |||||||||||
| Bilabial | Labiodental | Dental | Alveolar | Retroflex | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Pharyngeal | Glottal | |
| aj.n | zj.n | sj.n | xj.n | dj.n | cj.n | fj.n | vj.n | gj.n | bj.n | hj.n | |
| ɓ | ɗ | ʄ | ɠ | ʛ |
| Some examples of (voiceless, tenuis) clicks | ||||
| Oral | ||||
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Lateral |
| ap | sp | xp | fp | 'p |
| ʘ | ǀ | ǃ | ǂ | ǁ |
| Nasal | ||||
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Lateral |
| apl | spl | xpl | fpl | 'pl |
| ᵑ̊ʘ | ᵑ̊ǀ | ᵑ̊ǃ | ᵑ̊ǂ | ᵑ̊ǁ |
| Contour click (stop) | ||||
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Lateral |
| a[ | s[ | x[ | f[ | '[ |
| ʘ͡q | ǀ͡q | ǃ͡q | ǂ͡q | ǁ͡q |
| Contour click (affricate) | ||||
| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Palatal | Lateral |
| a] | s] | x] | f] | '] |
| ʘ͡χ | ǀ͡χ | ǃ͡χ | ǂ͡χ | ǁ͡χ |
| Some examples of clicks with different phonation | |||||
| Alveolar oral click | |||||
| Tenuis | Voiced | Aspirated | Breathy- voiced |
Glottalised | Creaky- voiced |
| xp | xpn | xpH | xpHn | xp. | xp.n |
| ǃ | ᶢǃ | ǃʰ | ᶢǃʱ | ǃˀ | ᶢǃˀ |
| Bilabial nasal click | |||||
| Tenuis | Voiced | Aspirated | Breathy- voiced |
Glottalised | Creaky- voiced |
| apl | apln | aplH | aplHn | apl. | apl.n |
| ᵑ̊ʘ | ᵑʘ | ᵑ̊ʘʰ | ᵑʘʱ | ᵑ̊ʘˀ | ᵑʘˀ |
Vowels are characterised by height and backness, with additional characteristics - such as roundness, length, nasality, rhoticity - in some languages.
Every vowel is represented with a dot. Then, depending on the height and backness of the vowel, there might be additional strokes to the left, right, above or below the dot. In order to differenciate 7 vowel heights, some diagonal strokes are also needed. The table below is a good way to visualise the system.
| Vowel height |
Short unrounded oral vowels | Vowel height |
||
| Front | Central | Back | ||
| Close | wq | w | wu | Close |
| i | ɨ | ɯ | ||
| Near-close | Wq | W | Wu | Near-close |
| ɪ | ɨ̞ | ɯ̞ | ||
| Close-mid | eq | e | eu | Close-mid |
| e | ɘ | ɤ | ||
| Mid | rq | r | ru | Mid |
| e̞ | ə | ɤ̞ | ||
| Open-mid | tq | t | tu | Open-mid |
| ɛ | ɜ | ʌ | ||
| Near-open | Yq | Y | Yu | Near-open |
| æ | ɐ | ɑ̝ | ||
| Open | yq | y | yu | Open |
| a | ä | ɑ |
| Vowel height |
Short rounded oral vowels | Vowel height |
||
| Front | Central | Back | ||
| Close | wqi | wi | wui | Close |
| y | ʉ | u | ||
| Near-close | Wqi | Wi | Wui | Near-close |
| ʏ | ʉ̞ | ʊ | ||
| Close-mid | eqi | ei | eui | Close-mid |
| ø | ɵ | o | ||
| Mid | rqi | ri | rui | Mid |
| ø̞ | ɵ̞ | o̞ | ||
| Open-mid | tqi | ti | tui | Open-mid |
| œ | ɞ | ɔ | ||
| Near-open | Yqi | Yi | Yui | Near-open |
| ɶ̝ | ɒ̝̈ | ɒ̝ | ||
| Open | yqi | yi | yui | Open |
| ɶ | ɒ̈ | ɒ |
| Some examples of long vowels | ||||||
| yqo | rqo | wqo | ruoi | Wuoi | Wqoi | |
| äː | ɛː | iː | oː | ʊː | yː |
| Some examples of nasal vowels | ||||||
| yqol | rql | wql | ruoil | Wuil | Wqil | |
| ä̃ː | ɛ̃ | ĩ | õː | ʊ̃ | ỹ |


Layers opacity example
This is a map that can change the tiles of the main layer by demand
{{ key }}


Robotic Arts Intro Fall 2019 (IA277.01)
- Instructor: Lucas Yasunaga Haroldsen<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Class Site: yasunaga.work/raif19
- syllabus: syllabus.pdf
- Resources: links.html
- Office hours: Tuesday 1 - 4pm
11/8: [work and planning day]
Final project : Idea drawing and planning
Today, I will be meeting with each of you individually throughout the class time to talk about your final project.
We will discuss:
- ideas and drawings of your project
- inspirations
- a general schedule of progression
- materials and supplies for your project
- potential difficulties of your project
- branches of ideas
Simple Brian
Valentino Braitenberg VEHICLES - Experiments in Synthetic Psychology
Jakob von Uexküll A Foray into the Worlds of Animals and Humans: with A Theory of Meaning
Arduino Review
Remember these?
- Basic Component
- Transistor Circuits
- Solar Creatures
- Digital Input and Output
- variables
- if else --video
- Analog Input, Serial Print, Threshold --video
- Analog output and tone()
Range / Distance / Proximity sensors
Library for HC-SR04 written by Sam Sheffield
How to install a library
Structural complexity
- How to merge or combine code
- Copy one sketch to another sketch or create new sketch
- Resolve any duplicating functions or global variables
- (Functions: void loop(), void setup()
- Variables: int, float)
- Resolve any duplicating pin use
- Delete any duplicate part that is doing the same thing
- Comment your code!
- Write out what you want your code to do
- Optional: For loop video
- Optional: using millis instead of delay (multitasking) Adafruit tutorial
- Optional: Random_behavior
Interfacing with AC circuits
Where to get stuff!
Remember to check out links at the resource page!
How to attach things to motors
Laser Cutting Resource
- MICA dfab laser cutting page
- Universal Manual
- How to make a file on Illustrator
interfacing
Kelly Dobson's Blendie
Random User by Monobo


The Annual Cultural Fest...
D'Equinox, Lets have a fest where we can meet,
unflinching nefarious where we may heed,
To enounce our secrets and sins to unleash.
D'Equinoz is a cultural festival or college fest organised by the student community, involving participants from other colleges as well. Professional performing artists are also typically invited, and a number of competitions are held for students.and the fiesta begins on the 28th of February and keeps the adrenaline kicking till the 1st of March 2K20 so join us for a wonderful rondezvous of zest,ethos and amusement.
Registration Dates: 20th of Jan 2020 to 25th of 2020.
Opening Ceremony: 28th of February 2020.
Closing Ceremony: 1st of March 2020.
JUET, Guna has always strived to produce professionals that excel not only in the field of science n technology, but can also stand their ground when it comes to showcasing talent in various events. D'Equinox is one huge step that we take towards that very goal. I wish our participating students the very best in their endeavours.
To be trained in well-equipped laboratories, and the in the comfort of air conditioned lecture halls, and to be tempered in the heat of participating throughout the fest, where teamwork and leadership are shown. We at JUET take pride as hosts to D'Equinox'20, an outstanding effort to realise the latter.


Type the number of people you see going in or out of the building and click the button to log that number with a timestamp. You can also press enter inside the textbox after entering data to log the data.  Results are CSV, printed below.
https://github.com/thinkaliker/cs177-counter
Use =B2/60/60/24/1000+"1-Jan-1970"+(-7/24)
in Google Sheets to convert to a readable format.
If people enter and then take the elevator/stairs, mark both.
Elevator A: A, B, C, G, H
Exits at both ends of the hall.
Elevator B: D, E, F
Exit near elevator.


clicks
.map(_ => System.currentTimeMillis)
.foldLeft((0L,0L)) {
case ((_, lastT), newT) => (lastT, newT)
}.collect{ case (lastT, newT) if newT-lastT < 500 => () }
Sometimes one needs to deal with events of the type EventStream[(X,Y)]
where X
represents the event type and Y
is the event value and one needs to keep previous state for each event type for further calculations. This is not so straight foward as in the previous case. We keep the last two values and times per type of event using Maps:
def lastValues[X, Y](x: EventStream[(X, Y)], defaultX: X) = x.foldLeft((Map.empty[X, (Y, Long)], Map.empty[X, (Y, Long)], defaultX)) {
case ((mapBeforeLast, mapLastT, b), (a, v)) => (mapLastT, mapLastT updated(a, (v, System.currentTimeMillis)), a)
}.collect {
case ((mapLastT, mapNewT, a)) =>
for (
(x1, t1) <- mapNewT.get(a);
(x0, t0) <- mapLastT.get(a)
) yield (ctl, (x1, t1), (x0, t0))
}
val x = new EventSource[(String,Double)]
//double clicks:
val doubleClicks = lastValues(x, "").collect {
case Some( (key, (x1, t1), (x0, t0)) ) if t1 - t0 < 500 => "double click from: "+key
}
doubleClicks.foreach(println)
x.fire( ("mouse",2.0) )
x.fire( ("mouse",4.0) )
x.fire( ("trackpad",2.3) )
x.fire( ("trackpad",5.3) )
x.fire( ("joystick",5.3) )
//results
//scala> double click from: mouse
//scala> double click from: trackpad


NOR &expr = n1 nor n2
Description Performs a bitwise NOR of two numbers. Results Returns the bitwise NOR of n1 and n2. Example ; perform a bitwise NOR x = %1100 nor %1001 ; x = %0010
Description
Performs a bitwise NOR of two numbers.
Results
Returns the bitwise NOR of n1 and n2.
Example
; perform a bitwise NOR x = %1100 nor %1001 ; x = %0010
Back to Keywords


Teaching Assistant Experience
I have previously been a Teaching Assistant for the following Computer Science courses:
Course Name:
Description:
CS 1656: Introduction to Data Science
(Fall 2021, A.Labrinidis)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.97/5.00
(Fall 2021, A.Labrinidis)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.97/5.00
Recitations held:
Friday, 12:00 - 12:50PM
@ 5313 Sennott Square
Friday, 12:00 - 12:50PM
@ 5313 Sennott Square
CS 1501: Algorithms and Data Structures II
(Fall 2021, S.Khattab)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
(Fall 2021, S.Khattab)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
Recitations held:
Thursday, 11:00 - 11:50AM
@ 5505 Sennott Square
Thursday, 11:00 - 11:50AM
@ 5505 Sennott Square
CS 1555: Database Mangement Systems
(Spring 2021, K.Kosta/P.Chrysanthis)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.95/5.00
(Spring 2021, K.Kosta/P.Chrysanthis)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.95/5.00
Recitations held:
N/A
@ Zoom
N/A
@ Zoom
CS 0449: Introduction to Systems Software
(Spring 2021, V. Petrucci)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
(Spring 2021, V. Petrucci)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
Recitations held:
11:05 - 11:55 AM
@ Zoom
11:05 - 11:55 AM
@ Zoom
CS 0449: Introduction to Systems Software
(Fall 2020, V. Petrucci)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
(Fall 2020, V. Petrucci)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
Recitations held:
Friday, 3:25 - 4:15 PM
@ Zoom
Friday, 3:25 - 4:15 PM
@ Zoom
CS 0447: Computer Organization and Assembly Language
(Fall 2020, J. Billingsley)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.97/5.00
(Fall 2020, J. Billingsley)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.97/5.00
Recitations held:
Thursday, 11:05 - 11:55 AM
@ Zoom
Thursday, 11:05 - 11:55 AM
@ Zoom
CS 0449: Introduction to Systems Software
(Summer 2020, V. Petrucci)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
(Summer 2020, V. Petrucci)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
N/A
CS 0007: Introduction to Computer Programming
(Spring 2020, J. Cooper)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.96/5.00
(Spring 2020, J. Cooper)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.96/5.00
Recitations held:
Thursday, 12:00 - 12:50 PM
@ 5502 Sennott Square
Thursday, 12:00 - 12:50 PM
@ 5502 Sennott Square
CS 0449: Introduction to Systems Software
(Spring 2020, D. Wilkinson)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
(Spring 2020, D. Wilkinson)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
Recitations held:
Friday, 3:00 - 3:50 PM
@ 6110 Sennott Square
Friday, 3:00 - 3:50 PM
@ 6110 Sennott Square
CS 0401: Intermediate Java Programming
(Fall 2019, T. Hoffman)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.96/5.00
(Fall 2019, T. Hoffman)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.96/5.00
Recitations were held:
Monday, 4:00 - 5:50 PM
@ 6110 Sennott Square
Monday, 4:00 - 5:50 PM
@ 6110 Sennott Square
CS 0447: Computer Organization and Assembly Language
(Fall 2019, J. Billingsley)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.98/5.00
(Fall 2019, J. Billingsley)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.98/5.00
Recitations were held:
Friday, 11:00 - 11:50 AM
@ 5502 Sennott Square
Friday, 11:00 - 11:50 AM
@ 5502 Sennott Square
I have previously been a Teaching Assistant for the following Economics courses:
Course Name:
Office Hours:
ECON 1160: Financial Econometrics
(Fall 2021, M. Sharifvaghefi)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
(Fall 2021, M. Sharifvaghefi)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
MW: 1:00PM - 3:00PM
Friday: 4:00PM - 6:00PM
Held at Sennott Square 5806
Friday: 4:00PM - 6:00PM
Held at Sennott Square 5806
ECON 1100: Intermediate Microeconomics
(Spring 2021, D. Berkowitz, S. Nosratabadi)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
(Spring 2021, D. Berkowitz, S. Nosratabadi)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 5.00/5.00
MonWed: 5:00PM - 6:00PM
Friday: 4:00PM - 6:00PM
Held on Zoom
Friday: 4:00PM - 6:00PM
Held on Zoom
ECON 0110: Introduction to Macroeconomic Theory
(Fall 2020, J. Organ)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.93/5.00
(Fall 2020, J. Organ)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.93/5.00
MonFri: 6:00PM - 8:00PM
Held on Zoom & 5th floor Sennott Square Lounge
Held on Zoom & 5th floor Sennott Square Lounge
ECON 1440: Economics of Corporate Finance
(Fall 2020, S. Maksymenko)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.95/5.00
(Fall 2020, S. Maksymenko)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.95/5.00
Monday: 3:00PM - 4:00PM
Thursday: 11:00PM - 12:00PM
Held on Zoom & 4923 WWPH
Thursday: 11:00PM - 12:00PM
Held on Zoom & 4923 WWPH
ECON 1440: Economics of Corporate Finance
(Fall 2019, S. Maksymenko)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.96/5.00
(Fall 2019, S. Maksymenko)
Overall, out of 5, students rated me: 4.96/5.00
MonWed 9:00 AM - 12:00PM
TuTh: 3:00PM - 5:00PM
TuTh: 3:00PM - 5:00PM


@import model.Navigation @(email: String, navigation: Navigation)(implicit flash: Flash) @main("RhysSoft - Line Learning", navigation) {
Thank you for registering for Line Learning.
An email has been sent to @email that includes your new password. Please check your spam folder if it does not appear in your inbox.
Once you have received the email, you should log in and change your password. Click on the arrow in the top, right-hand corner of the screen and select 'Change password'. Use copy-and-paste to enter the 'Old password' from your email (because it's a bit long!).


We used MIDAS Informatics Services Group's data of synthetic population of the United States. Our goal was to represent the population suffering from visual, cognitive, hearing and ambulatory difficulties. Using this the public health sector can focus on the types of disorders that are more common in their state.
For analysing the large chunk of datasets that we got from Apollo website(excluding the household csv file) of each counties of United States (which was above 700 GB), we used serial processing python script on a 64 core cluster available at our university Computer Learning and Design Center Lab. The data was mapped, reduced, and dumped to json data suitable for visualization.
For the front end, we are using HTML, CSS, jQuery, core JavaScript. We chose d3js for US states visualization. We were able to visualize the data from the 50 states plus the District of Columbia.
Contributers: Saurav K Aryal Susan Bhattarai Sumit Dhungel Swapnil Tamrakar


In this homework, you will learn the basic of image synthesis by implementing a simple naive path tracer. In particular, you will learn how to
The code uses the library Yocto/GL,
that is included in this project in the directory yocto
.
We suggest to consult the documentation for the library that you can find
at the beginning of the header files. Also, since the library is getting improved
during the duration of the course, se suggest that you star it and watch it
on Github, so that you can notified as improvements are made.
In particular, we will use
In order to compile the code, you have to install
Xcode
on OsX, Visual Studio 2019 on Windows,
or a modern version of gcc or clang on Linux,
together with the tools cmake and ninja.
The script scripts/build.sh
will perform a simple build on OsX.
As discussed in class, we prefer to use
Visual Studio Code, with
C/C++ and
CMake Tools
extensions, that we have configured to use for this course.
You will write your code in the file yocto_raytrace.cpp
for functions that
are declared in yocto_raytrace.h
. Your renderer is callsed by yscenetrace.cpp
for a command-line interface and ysceneitraces.cpp
that show a simple
user interface.
This repository also contains tests that are executed from the command line
as shown in run.sh
. The rendered images are saved in the out/
directory.
The results should match the ones in the directory check/
.
In this homework you will implement the following features:
trace_samples()
:state
objectget_trace_shader_func()
to get the shader from the optionsparams.clamp
trace_color()
:intersect_scene_bvh()
for intersectiontrace_normal()
:eval_normal()
for thistrace_texcoord()
:fmod()
to force them
in the [0, 1] rangeeval_texcoord()
for thistrace_eyelight()
:eval_normal()
for thistrace_raytrace()
:eval_environment()
eval_texture()
that you have to implementmath::fresnel_schlick()
,
math::microfacet_distribution()
and math::microfacet_shadowing()
Implement refraction using refract()
for the direction, reflectivity_to_eta()
to get the index of refraction from reflectivity (0.04), and remembering to
invert the index of refraction when leaving a surface.
To submit the homework, you need to pack a ZIP file that contains the code
you write and the images it generates, i.e. the ZIP with only the
yocto_raytrace/
and out/
directories.
The file should be called <numero_di_matricola>.zip
and you should exclude
all other directories. Send it on Google Classroom.


class: center, middle # Creación de Videojuegos ### III-Verano 2018 --- # Instructor and Schedule * Professor: Dr. *Markus* Eger - Office hours: TBD * Monday - Thursday, 3-5pm --- # About Me * Originally from Austria * BSc and MSc in Computer Science from University of Technology Graz, Austria * PhD in Computer Science from NC State University, USA * Hablo un poco de Espa\~{n}ol * Games: Smite, Guild Wars 2, Incremental Games * I also like board games --- # About You * Name * Games * Fun facts? --- # Class Resources * Website: TBD * Piazza: http://piazza.com/ucr.ac.cr/winter2019/ci0152 * Submission: TBD --- # Class contents * Game Design - Genres, mechanics, game worlds, narrative, etc. - Goal: Learn to formulate game ideas in a structured way * Game Development - Game Engines, Graphics, AI, Physics, Networking - Goal: Learn how to actually build a game * Game Publishing - User Experience, Testing, Monetization, Publishing - Goal: Learn how to finish a game --- # The Project * The main focus of this class is the *project* * There will be *one* semester-long project * In this project, you will design, implement and finish a game * Work in groups of 4 * Three milestones: Design document, protoype, finished game * Progress update *every Monday* (usually 5 minutes per group) --- # Project Goal * You can make any game you want (more or less) * Requirements - Single player has to be possible - Three distinct zones/levels/maps/environments - Some form of computer-controlled characters with "interesting" behavior ("AI") - Unity strongly recommended, other options only with prior approval * In the last class we will play all of your games! --- # Unity * Unity is a game engine/middleware that simplifies many aspects of game development * Free for personal/educational use! * Asset store with many free assets * WebGL export capabilities * Install as soon as possible! --- # Lectures * The lectures work alongside the project * There are some lectures that teach concepts necessary for the project early on * Other lectures contain more advanced algorithms and methods * If the need arises, I can shuffle lectures around * There will be *two* exams, mid-term and final * Questions about *your* project might be part of the exam --- # Support * You will be learning Unity/C# as part of the project * Many excellent tutorials online (links on Piazza) * If you encounter problems: Ask on Piazza, maybe others have encountered similar problems * Help each other! * Of course I will also be answering questions --- # To Dos * Find a group for the project (Piazza) * Give your group a name (can be funny, a pun, a reference) * Work on 3-5 game ideas * Present your group, name, and game ideas next Monday, January 14 * Each group has 10 minutes!


Selenium 2.0a6 Released
We are extremely pleased to announce the release of Selenium 2.0a6! Head over to the downloads page to get it while it’s hot, or wait just a little bit longer for it to appear in a maven repo near you. The .Net version will also be updated soon too, and the python and ruby libraries have been having smaller, more frequent releases all this time.
You’ll be pleased to hear that the Selenium 1.0 APIs have remained constant, so what’s changed? Here, in no particular order are the major changes you’ll find in 2.0a6:
- Android support: you can now download the APK and run webdriver tests using Android 1.6 to 2.2.
- Firefox 4 support.
- Experimental IE9 support
- New APIs for dealing with HTML5 elements (best implemented, for now, by the mobile webdrivers)
- A richer .Net API
- A move to Sizzle for locating elements using CSS in browsers that don’t have a native API for that.
- Far better support for running your existing Selenium RC tests using WebDriver, helping you make a managed migration to the newer APIs.
There are also lots of nice touches for the more technically inclined, including the ability to re-use instances of FirefoxProfiles, better configurability when requesting a remote webdriver instance, better resource management and more shared code between the Selenium and WebDriver implementations.
Thank you to everyone who has taken the time to report a bug on our issue tracker, or raised problems on one of our mailing lists, or shown up for some of the banter on the IRC channel: without your involvement, the project wouldn’t be half as much fun, and wouldn’t be as capable as it is. Thanks are also due to the development team, who have poured an enormous amount of work into this release (538 revisions in under 90 days, or about 6 check-ins each and every day)
Hope you like it!
Tags
Categories
How to use Selenium 2 with Maven
There are several ways to use Selenium 2:
- If you don’t have Selenium 1.x legacy code, you might want to directly use on of the new WebDriver implemenations like ChromeDriver, HtmlUnitDriver, FirefoxDriver, or InternetExplorerDriver which provide a nice, small and easy to learn API.
- If you have Selenium 1.x legacy code, you can still use the well known DefaultSelenium class or the new WebDriverBackedSelenium, which extends DefaultSelenium but uses one of the WebDriver implementations internally.
Whichever option you prefer, if you have want to use Maven, all you need to do is add the following dependency to your pom.xml:
<dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium</artifactId> <version>2.0a5</version> </dependency>
If you know, that you will only use a certain WebDriver implementation, e.g. the FirefoxDriver, you don’t need to depend on the selenium artifact (which has dependencies to all WebDriver implementations as well as the support classes). Instead you can add the dependency to just the artifact you need, e.g.
<dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-firefox-driver</artifactId> <version>2.0a5</version> </dependency>
When using a WebDriver implementation, there is no need to start a Selenium server – the browser will be directly started and remote controlled.
But if you are using DefaultSelenium (or the RemoteWebDriver implementation), you still need to start a Selenium server.
The best way is to download the standalone Selenium server jar and just use it.
Furthermore you can also embed the Selenium server into your own project, if you add the following dependency to your pom.xml:
<dependency> <groupId>org.seleniumhq.selenium</groupId> <artifactId>selenium-server</artifactId> <version>2.0a5</version> </dependency>
Now you can create a SeleniumServer instance yourself and start it.
Be aware, that the selenium-server artifact has a dependency to the servlet-api-2.5 artifact, which you need to exclude, if your project will be run in a web application container.
Well, I hope that covers everything you need to know on how to use Selenium 2 with Maven.
Michael
Tags
Categories
The Current Status of Selenium 1 and Selenium 2
In the beginning there was Se1, and it was good. But it could have been better — in ways that WebDriver was starting to be good at. Thus the brilliant idea was hatched to merge the two projects.
And then the confusion began. Let’s see if I can start to address some of it via a ficticious conversation that consolidates the Se-user list and #selenium irc channel.
- There are a couple annoying bugs in Se-RC 1.03; when is the 1.0.4 release?
- Se-RC 1.0.4 is planned for sometime towards the end of July 2010
- I’ve heard rumours that 1.0.4 the to be the final release?
- Yes. 1.0.4 is planned on being the final 1.x release
- That’s crazy talk! I can’t use a .0 or ‘alpha’ release for my mission critical application
- Actually, its not all that crazy — and needs a bit more explanation. Se2 is truly a merger of the two projects, in fact 2.0a1 was literally the Se code from the OpenQA repository and the WebDriver code its Google Code repository merged into a new one. This meant that from the first release of the 2.x series, it has contained 100% of the 1.x code which means 100% backwards compatibility. Later releases in the 2.x series have been driven primarily by evolutions of the code that came from WebDriver, not from Se 1.x.
- OK, so 100% of Se 1.x is in 2.x; I get that. But how are you making sure that fixes to one get into the other?
- Here is another ‘secret’ — don’t tell anyone, but there hasn’t been any pure 1.x development since the merging of the codebases. Every 1.x release since the merger has really been a 2.x release — but all packaged up to make it look like a 1.x release. This is why observant people have noticed a log message that looks something like 11:09:37.507 INFO – v2.0 [a4], with Core v2.0 [a4] when they start up their 1.x server.
- So you’ve been releasing alpha code disguised as a stable release? Jerks!
- Woah! Relax! Recall what I said above about it being backwards compatible by default. The ‘alpha’ tag is there because the API for the new code is still being developed and features flushed out. The 1.x code is however, still stable and still production quality.
- Alright, I take back calling you folks jerks, but I really don’t like the alpha tag. When will it be out of ‘alpha’?
- There is only one or two more features to implement (like handling alerts) in the WebDriver code and some cleanup before the betas start. But hope for a 2.0.0 final by the end of the year. And while we’re on the topic of ‘alpha’ vs. ‘beta’, this the team’s working definitions of each.
- Alpha – APIs can, and likely will change. Possibly in dramatic ways.
- Beta – With the APIs set, make sure they work with the major browsers
- ‘Major Browsers’ eh, what exactly does that mean?
- Right now it means Firefox, Internet Explorer and at least one WebKit based one (Safari or Chrome)
In short… it is a requirement of Se2 that the server be backwards compatible with Se-RC 1.x and that has already been accomplished by building the code from a common source repository. This means that if you are using Se-RC, you can switch out the server for a 2.x one and have no impact on the execution of the scripts. Plus you can start to experiment with the new stuff that came over from WebDriver.
Tags
Categories


|
XLabs
Cross-platform reusable C# libraries
|
Properties | |
| EventHandler< EventArgs< int > > | OnLevelChange |
| Event handler for battery level changes. More... | |
| EventHandler< EventArgs< bool > > | OnChargerStatusChanged |
| Event handler for charger connection changes. More... | |
| int | Level [get] |
| Gets the level percentage from 0-100. More... | |
| bool | Charging [get] |
| Gets a value indicating whether this Device.Battery is charging. More... | |
| Properties inherited from XLabs.Platform.Device.IBattery | |
| int | Level [get] |
| Gets the level. More... | |
| bool | Charging [get] |
| Gets a value indicating whether battery is charging More... | |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Events inherited from XLabs.Platform.Device.IBattery | |
| EventHandler< EventArgs< int > > | OnLevelChange |
| Occurs when level changes. More... | |
| EventHandler< EventArgs< bool > > | OnChargerStatusChanged |
| Occurs when charger is connected or disconnected. More... | |
|
get |
Gets a value indicating whether this Device.Battery is charging.
Gets a value indicating whether battery is charging
Gets a value indicating whether this Battery is charging.
true
if charging; otherwise, false
.
|
get |
Gets the level percentage from 0-100.
Gets the level.
Gets the battery level.
The level.
The level in percentage 0-100.
|
addremove |
Event handler for charger connection changes.
|
addremove |
Event handler for battery level changes.


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| Packages that use FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
| org.apache.xml.dtm.ref | |
| org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.dom2dtm | |
| org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.sax2dtm | |
| org.apache.xml.utils | Implementation of Xalan utility classes. |
| org.apache.xpath.objects | Implementation of XPath polymorphic type objects -- this package will grow as XPath objects are expanded to support XML Schema data types. |
| Uses of FastStringBuffer in org.apache.xml.dtm.ref |
|---|
| Fields in org.apache.xml.dtm.ref declared as FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
private FastStringBuffer |
DTMDocumentImpl.m_char
|
| Methods in org.apache.xml.dtm.ref that return FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
(package private) FastStringBuffer |
DTMDocumentImpl.getContentBuffer()
Get a reference pointer to the content-text repository |
| Methods in org.apache.xml.dtm.ref with parameters of type FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
(package private) void |
DTMDocumentImpl.setContentBuffer(FastStringBuffer buffer)
Set a reference pointer to the content-text repository |
| Uses of FastStringBuffer in org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.dom2dtm |
|---|
| Methods in org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.dom2dtm with parameters of type FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
protected static void |
DOM2DTM.getNodeData(org.w3c.dom.Node node,
FastStringBuffer buf)
Retrieve the text content of a DOM subtree, appending it into a user-supplied FastStringBuffer object. |
| Uses of FastStringBuffer in org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.sax2dtm |
|---|
| Fields in org.apache.xml.dtm.ref.sax2dtm declared as FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
protected FastStringBuffer |
SAX2DTM.m_chars
All the character content, including attribute values, are stored in this buffer. |
| Uses of FastStringBuffer in org.apache.xml.utils |
|---|
| Fields in org.apache.xml.utils declared as FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
(package private) FastStringBuffer |
FastStringBuffer.m_innerFSB
Field m_innerFSB, when non-null, is a FastStringBuffer whose total length equals m_chunkSize, and which replaces m_array[0]. |
| Methods in org.apache.xml.utils that return FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
static FastStringBuffer |
StringBufferPool.get()
Get the first free instance of a string buffer, or create one if there are no free instances. |
| Methods in org.apache.xml.utils with parameters of type FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
void |
FastStringBuffer.append(FastStringBuffer value)
Append the contents of another FastStringBuffer onto this FastStringBuffer, growing the storage if necessary. |
static void |
StringBufferPool.free(FastStringBuffer sb)
Return a string buffer back to the pool. |
static void |
DOMHelper.getNodeData(org.w3c.dom.Node node,
FastStringBuffer buf)
Deprecated. Retrieve the text content of a DOM subtree, appending it into a user-supplied FastStringBuffer object. |
XMLString |
XMLStringFactoryDefault.newstr(FastStringBuffer fsb,
int start,
int length)
Create a XMLString from a FastStringBuffer. |
abstract XMLString |
XMLStringFactory.newstr(FastStringBuffer string,
int start,
int length)
Create a XMLString from a FastStringBuffer. |
private void |
FastStringBuffer.setLength(int l,
FastStringBuffer rootFSB)
Subroutine for the public setLength() method. |
| Constructors in org.apache.xml.utils with parameters of type FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
FastStringBuffer(FastStringBuffer source)
Encapsulation c'tor. |
| Uses of FastStringBuffer in org.apache.xpath.objects |
|---|
| Methods in org.apache.xpath.objects that return FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
FastStringBuffer |
XStringForFSB.fsb()
Cast result object to a string. |
FastStringBuffer |
XStringForChars.fsb()
Cast result object to a string. |
| Methods in org.apache.xpath.objects with parameters of type FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
void |
XStringForFSB.appendToFsb(FastStringBuffer fsb)
Cast result object to a string. |
void |
XStringForChars.appendToFsb(FastStringBuffer fsb)
Cast result object to a string. |
void |
XRTreeFrag.appendToFsb(FastStringBuffer fsb)
Cast result object to a string. |
void |
XObject.appendToFsb(FastStringBuffer fsb)
Cast result object to a string. |
void |
XNodeSet.appendToFsb(FastStringBuffer fsb)
Cast result object to a string. |
XMLString |
XMLStringFactoryImpl.newstr(FastStringBuffer fsb,
int start,
int length)
Create a XMLString from a FastStringBuffer. |
| Constructors in org.apache.xpath.objects with parameters of type FastStringBuffer | |
|---|---|
XStringForFSB(FastStringBuffer val,
int start,
int length)
Construct a XNodeSet object. |
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Now that you have finished with the menu files, you will need to go to File->'Reload Menu' within the Technology Explorer, not your browser.
If everything worked, you should see your updated menu after 'Help' called 'Db2auth Plug-in Lab'. Go ahead and open up the module.


Wind helps air quality reach ‘poor’ category
AQI likely to improve marginally on Monday with strong surface winds
by Staff ReporterThe Air quality in the Capital on Sunday settled in the ‘poor’ category primarily due to an increase in wind speed. Delhi’s AQI on Sunday was 215 (poor); it was 357 (very poor) on Saturday, as per CPCB data.
The air quality is likely to improve marginally on Monday but may deteriorate on Tuesday, said forecasting agency SAFAR.
Pointing out that there is a “strong correlation” between stubble burning and pollution in north India, Chief Minister Arvind Kejriwal said: “The stubble burning has stopped and with it, the air quality in Delhi has improved.”
Meanwhile, BJP MP Vijay Goel and members from the party’s Delhi unit held a protest at Jantar Mantar on Sunday accusing the AAP government of failing to curb pollution in the Capital.


1.1.1. moha.system.molecule¶
Classes
|
|
|
|
|
Molecular Class. |
-
class
moha.system.molecule.
Molecule
(title, size, atoms=[], symmetry='C1')[source]¶ Molecular Class.
- titlestr
Title of the system.
- sizeint
Number of atoms.
- symmetrystr
Point group of the molecule.
- center_of_mass(self)
Calculate the center of mass for molecular.
bond_length(self,i,j)
-
bond_angle
(i, j, k)[source]¶ - Calculate the bond angle between atoms i,j,k.
Where atom j is the central atom.
- iint
Index of first atom.
- jint
Index of second atom.
- kint
Index of third atom.
- TypeError
If index of atom is not int.
- ValueError
If index of atom is not zero or positive number. If index of atom is not samller than number of atoms.
-
bond_length
(i, j)[source]¶ Calculate the the distances between atom i and j.
- iint
Index of first atom.
- jint
Index of second atom.
- TypeError
If index of atom is not int.
- ValueError
If index of atom is not zero or positive number. If index of atom is not samller than number of atoms.
-
dihedral_angle
(A, B, C, D)[source]¶ Calculate dihedral angle for atom connectivit A,B,C,D.
- iint
Index of first atom.
- jint
Index of second atom.
- kint
Index of third atom.
- lint
Index of fourth atom.
- TypeError
If index of atom is not int.
- ValueError
If index of atom is not zero or positive number. If index of atom is not samller than number of atoms.
-
out_of_plane_angle
(i, j, k, l)[source]¶ - Calculate out of plane angle, which is for atom A
out of the plane consist by atoms B C D
- iint
Index of first atom.
- jint
Index of second atom.
- kint
Index of third atom.
- lint
Index of fourth atom.
- TypeError
If index of atom is not int.
- ValueError
If index of atom is not zero or positive number. If index of atom is not samller than number of atoms.
-
property
center_of_mass
¶ Calculate the center of mass for molecular.


| Enum Constant and Description |
|---|
BinaryShader
GPU can provide and accept binary shaders.
|
CoreProfile
Running with OpenGL 3.2+ core profile.
|
DepthTexture
Supports depth textures.
|
FloatColorBuffer
Supports floating point FBO color buffers (Format.RGB16F)
|
FloatDepthBuffer
Supports floating point depth buffer
|
FloatTexture
Supports floating point & half textures (Format.RGB16F)
|
FrameBuffer
Supports
FrameBuffers . |
FrameBufferBlit
Supports blitting framebuffers.
|
FrameBufferMRT
Supports framebuffer Multiple Render Targets (MRT)
|
FrameBufferMultisample
Supports framebuffer multi-sampling
|
GeometryShader
Supports geometry shader.
|
GLSL100
Supports GLSL 1.0
|
GLSL110
Supports GLSL 1.1
|
GLSL120
Supports GLSL 1.2
|
GLSL130
Supports GLSL 1.3
|
GLSL140
Supports GLSL 1.4
|
GLSL150
Supports GLSL 1.5
|
GLSL330
Supports GLSL 3.3
|
GLSL400
Supports GLSL 4.0
|
IntegerIndexBuffer
Supports 32-bit index buffers.
|
MeshInstancing
Supports geometry instancing.
|
Multisample
Supports multisampling on the screen
|
NonPowerOfTwoTextures
Supports Non-Power-Of-Two (NPOT) textures and framebuffers
|
OpenGL20
Supports OpenGL 2.0 or OpenGL ES 2.0.
|
OpenGL21
Supports OpenGL 2.1
|
OpenGL30
Supports OpenGL 3.0
|
OpenGL31
Supports OpenGL 3.1
|
OpenGL32
Supports OpenGL 3.2
|
OpenGL33
Supports OpenGL 3.3
|
OpenGL40
Supports OpenGL 4.0
|
OpenGLES20
Supports OpenGL ES 2
|
PackedDepthStencilBuffer
Supports FBO with Depth24Stencil8 image format
|
PackedFloatColorBuffer
Supports Format.RGB111110F for FBO color buffers
|
PackedFloatTexture
Supports Format.RGB111110F for textures
|
PartialNonPowerOfTwoTextures
Partial support for non-power-of-2 textures, typically found
on OpenGL ES 2 devices.
|
Reserved0
Deprecated.
do not use.
|
Reserved1
Deprecated.
do not use.
|
Rgba8
Supports RGB8 / RGBA8 textures
|
SeamlessCubemap
When sampling cubemap edges, interpolate between the adjecent faces
instead of just sampling one face.
|
SharedExponentColorBuffer
Supports Format.RGB9E5 for FBO color buffers
|
SharedExponentTexture
Supports Format.RGB9E5 for textures
|
Srgb
Supports sRGB framebuffers and sRGB texture format
|
TesselationShader
Supports Tesselation shader
|
TextureArray
Supports texture arrays
|
TextureBuffer
Supports texture buffers
|
TextureCompressionETC1
Supports
Image.Format.ETC1 texture compression. |
TextureCompressionETC2
Supports
Image.Format.ETC1 texture compression by uploading
the texture as ETC2 (they are backwards compatible). |
TextureCompressionS3TC
Supports
Image.Format.DXT1 and sister formats. |
TextureFilterAnisotropic
Supports anisotropic texture filtering.
|
TextureMultisample
Supports texture multi-sampling
|
VertexBufferArray
Supports VAO, or vertex buffer arrays
|
VertexTextureFetch
Supports reading from textures inside the vertex shader.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
static boolean |
supports(java.util.Collection<Caps> caps,
FrameBuffer fb)
Returns true if given the renderer capabilities, the framebuffer
can be supported by the renderer.
|
static boolean |
supports(java.util.Collection<Caps> caps,
Shader shader)
Returns true if given the renderer capabilities, the shader
can be supported by the renderer.
|
static boolean |
supports(java.util.Collection<Caps> caps,
Texture tex)
Returns true if given the renderer capabilities, the texture
can be supported by the renderer.
|
static Caps |
valueOf(java.lang.String name)
Returns the enum constant of this type with the specified name.
|
static Caps[] |
values()
Returns an array containing the constants of this enum type, in
the order they are declared.
|
public static final Caps FrameBuffer
FrameBuffers
.
OpenGL: Renderer exposes the GL_EXT_framebuffer_object extension.
OpenGL ES: Renderer supports OpenGL ES 2.0.
public static final Caps FrameBufferMRT
OpenGL: Renderer exposes the GL_ARB_draw_buffers extension
public static final Caps FrameBufferMultisample
OpenGL: Renderer exposes the GL EXT framebuffer multisample extension
OpenGL ES: Renderer exposes GL_APPLE_framebuffer_multisample or
GL_ANGLE_framebuffer_multisample.
public static final Caps TextureMultisample
OpenGL: Renderer exposes the GL_ARB_texture_multisample extension
OpenGL ES: Renderer exposes the GL_IMG_multisampled_render_to_texture
extension.
public static final Caps OpenGL20
public static final Caps OpenGL21
public static final Caps OpenGL30
public static final Caps OpenGL31
public static final Caps OpenGL32
public static final Caps OpenGL33
public static final Caps OpenGL40
@Deprecated public static final Caps Reserved0
public static final Caps GLSL100
public static final Caps GLSL110
public static final Caps GLSL120
public static final Caps GLSL130
public static final Caps GLSL140
public static final Caps GLSL150
public static final Caps GLSL330
public static final Caps GLSL400
public static final Caps VertexTextureFetch
public static final Caps GeometryShader
public static final Caps TesselationShader
public static final Caps TextureArray
public static final Caps TextureBuffer
public static final Caps FloatTexture
public static final Caps FloatColorBuffer
public static final Caps FloatDepthBuffer
public static final Caps PackedFloatTexture
public static final Caps SharedExponentTexture
public static final Caps PackedFloatColorBuffer
public static final Caps SharedExponentColorBuffer
@Deprecated public static final Caps Reserved1
public static final Caps NonPowerOfTwoTextures
public static final Caps MeshInstancing
public static final Caps VertexBufferArray
public static final Caps Multisample
public static final Caps PackedDepthStencilBuffer
public static final Caps Srgb
public static final Caps FrameBufferBlit
public static final Caps TextureCompressionS3TC
Image.Format.DXT1
and sister formats.public static final Caps TextureFilterAnisotropic
public static final Caps TextureCompressionETC1
Image.Format.ETC1
texture compression.public static final Caps TextureCompressionETC2
Image.Format.ETC1
texture compression by uploading
the texture as ETC2 (they are backwards compatible).public static final Caps OpenGLES20
public static final Caps Rgba8
public static final Caps DepthTexture
public static final Caps IntegerIndexBuffer
public static final Caps PartialNonPowerOfTwoTextures
Use of NPOT textures is allowed iff:
Texture.WrapMode
is set to
Texture.WrapMode#EdgeClamp
.Texture.MinFilter
is set to
Texture.MinFilter#BilinearNoMipMaps
or
Texture.MinFilter#NearestNoMipMaps
public static final Caps SeamlessCubemap
Improves the quality of environment mapping.
public static final Caps CoreProfile
public static final Caps BinaryShader
public static Caps[] values()
for (Caps c : Caps.values()) System.out.println(c);
public static Caps valueOf(java.lang.String name)
name
- the name of the enum constant to be returned.java.lang.IllegalArgumentException
- if this enum type has no constant with the specified namejava.lang.NullPointerException
- if the argument is nullpublic static boolean supports(java.util.Collection<Caps> caps, Texture tex)
This only checks the format of the texture, non-power-of-2 textures are scaled automatically inside the renderer if are not supported natively.
caps
- The collection of renderer capabilities Renderer.getCaps()
.tex
- The texture to checkpublic static boolean supports(java.util.Collection<Caps> caps, FrameBuffer fb)
caps
- The collection of renderer capabilities Renderer.getCaps()
.fb
- The framebuffer to checkpublic static boolean supports(java.util.Collection<Caps> caps, Shader shader)
caps
- The collection of renderer capabilities Renderer.getCaps()
.shader
- The shader to check


Captain Lucas:
Welcome, young friend. Welcome to Dion! I am Lucas, the man responsible for the security of Dion. Is this your first time to Dion? I don't know what brought you here, but bear in mind that this is a quiet and law-abiding town. I don't tolerate anyone looking only to disturb the peace!
When you decide to leave, be warned that there are a number of dangerous areas outside the town. I'd advise that you venture out only in a group. Have a nice stay!
Ask about Kamaloka.
Look at the list of Kamaloka.
Enter Kamaloka.
Ask about the local lord and tax rate.
Quest.


Why National Assembly lacks power to pass hate speech bill —Falana
by Ade Adesomoju…Threatens to sue if bill is signed into law
Ade Adesomoju, Abuja
Human rights lawyer, Mr. Femi Falana (SAN), argued on Monday that the National Assembly lacked the legislative competence to pass the controversial bill for the establishment of Hate Speech Commission.
He said in a statement that hate speech being “a residual matter”, the bill would encroach on the legislative autonomy of the state governments.
He threatened legal action to challenge the constitutionality of the bill if it is passed by the National Assembly and signed into law by President Muhammadu Buhari.
The bill which has passed the first reading at the Senate provides varying degrees of penalties including capital punishment for violation of different provisions of the proposed law.
Falana maintained on Monday that hate speech was not an item on either the Exclusive or Concurrent Legislative Lists in the Nigerian Constitution, therefore the National Assembly lacked the power to legislate on it.
He stated, “The power of the National Assembly to make laws for the peace, order and good governance of the federation of any part thereof cannot be exercised at large.
“By virtue of section 4 of the Constitution, the power of the National Assembly to make laws is limited to matters in the Exclusive Legislative and Concurrent Legislative Lists.
“To the extent that hate speech is not covered by both Legislative Lists the National Assembly cannot pass any hate speech bill.”
He added, “Finally, even though the obnoxious bill is the initiative of a member of the House of Representatives, the Buhari administration has adopted it hook, line and sinker.
“The constitutional validity of the bill will certainly be challenged in the Federal High Court if it is passed by the National Assembly and assented to by President Buhari.”
Falana noted that on the grounds that Nigeria was operating a federal system of government, the Supreme Court of Nigeria had declared in several cases that the National Assembly lacked the constitutional powers to make laws outside its legislative competence


|
KlusterKite
0.0.0
A framework to create scalable and redundant services based on awesome Akka.Net project.
|
Resolves a enum value More...
Public Member Functions | |
| Task< JToken > | ResolveQuery (object source, ApiRequest request, ApiField apiField, RequestContext context, JsonSerializer argumentsSerializer, Action< Exception > onErrorCallback) |
| Resolves API request to object More... | |
| ApiType | GetElementType () |
| Gets the resolved api type of resolved element More... | |
| IEnumerable< ApiField > | GetTypeArguments () |
| Gets the list of arguments that are supported by resolver itself (not the original object method arguments) More... | |
Properties | |
| static ApiType | GeneratedType [get] |
| Gets the generated api type for typed argument More... | |
Resolves a enum value
| T | The type of enum |
Definition at line 32 of file EnumResolver.cs.
| ApiType KlusterKite.API.Provider.Resolvers.EnumResolver< T >.GetElementType | ( | ) |
Gets the resolved api type of resolved element
Implements KlusterKite.API.Provider.Resolvers.IResolver.
Definition at line 79 of file EnumResolver.cs.
| IEnumerable<ApiField> KlusterKite.API.Provider.Resolvers.EnumResolver< T >.GetTypeArguments | ( | ) |
Gets the list of arguments that are supported by resolver itself (not the original object method arguments)
Implements KlusterKite.API.Provider.Resolvers.IResolver.
Definition at line 85 of file EnumResolver.cs.
| Task<JToken> KlusterKite.API.Provider.Resolvers.EnumResolver< T >.ResolveQuery | ( | object | source, |
| ApiRequest | request, | ||
| ApiField | apiField, | ||
| RequestContext | context, | ||
| JsonSerializer | argumentsSerializer, | ||
| Action< Exception > | onErrorCallback | ||
| ) |
Resolves API request to object
Implements KlusterKite.API.Provider.Resolvers.IResolver.
Definition at line 72 of file EnumResolver.cs.
|
staticget |
Gets the generated api type for typed argument
Definition at line 69 of file EnumResolver.cs.


The search bar and menu are designed to be intuitive and operationally focused. The triple line in the top left will toggle the drop down for the 'Database Info', 'Node Info', and 'Queries' tabs.
The 'Database Info' tab shows basic information about your currently loaded database, including the number of users, computers, groups, and relationships (or edges). You may also perform basic DB management functions here, including logging out and switching DBs, as well as clearing (read: DELETING ALL INFORMATION FROM) your currently loaded DB (be careful!).
The 'Node Info' tab will display information about a node that you click on in the graph.
The 'Queries' tab will show the pre-built queries we include with BloodHound, as well as additional queries you can build in yourself. More information about this will be available later.


| Goal/Obligation | Current Balance | Target | Outstanding (Still to Save) | Comment | Status | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | {{ vm.util.total(vm.sinkFund.sink_fund_allocations, 'current_balance') | ecToDollars }} | {{ vm.util.total(vm.sinkFund.sink_fund_allocations, 'target') | ecToDollars }} | ||||
| Sink Fund Account Balance |
|
Current Account Balance | ||||
| Unassigned Money |
|
Money not assigned to any financial goal/obligation | ||||
|
|
{{ sinkFundAllocation.status }} |
|
||||


--- layout: default single: true ---
previous post
{% include post/date-previous.html %}{{ time }} By {{ page.previous.author }}
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{% include post/date-next.html %}{{ time }} By {{ page.next.author }}


*To protect our client, the story will be told around a resort named Wonder Resort.
Wonder Resort is a historical resort with long-standing, personal relationships with guests and local communities and a strong commitment to preserving history and following tradition. It is dedicated to offering exceptional accommodations, excellent customer services and memorable guest experiences.
Wonder Resort has overall been tremendously successful in terms of fulfilling their mission and their business goal. However, recently they received some complaints regarding reservation processes and requested us to access and make recommendations. The scope of the project is limited to those processes relating to guest experience, from the time a potential guest considers making a reservation at Wonder Resort through when they receive a post-stay survey.
Through our analysis and interpretation of data obtained through employee interviews and from guest reviews and survey responses, we have identified two major areas of opportunity for Wonder Resort to improve their guest experience: Guest Data Management and Information Delivery. We believe that streamlining processes in these two areas will enable Wonder Resort to exceed guest expectations while also freeing up valuable organizational resources in the long-term.
We first conducted background research on Wonder Resort to understand its history, style, target audiences through multiple channels including their official websites, customer reviews online, travel agency review and presses.
To better understand the user experience, we interviewed six employees of Wonder Resort. The interviews took place at Wonder Resort over two days (October 22 and 23, 2017), and the resulting analysis was conducted during November 2017. Prior to conducting interviews, we prepared semi-structured interview protocols relevant to each interviewee’s expertise and role in the organization. We also had the unique opportunity to act as guests while conducting this project, allowing us to experience and observe many relevant processes directly.
In addition to notes and audio recordings collected through our six employee interviews, Wonder Resort provided several additional data sources, including guest survey responses, internal reports, brochures and email templates.
The information gathered from these sources was analyzed using ‘affinity mapping’. First, all the audios recordings were transcribed and statements were extracted to form individual data points. Then, all data points were written on individual sticky notes, or affinity notes. Then, the sticky notes were grouped into categories based on thematic similarities and each grouping was given a label that synthesized its data points into a clear, specific finding. This process was repeated twice more until all 600+ sticky notes were incorporated into a few broad categories. These final groupings were then organized hierarchically and relationally along a wall, resulting in a visual model. The affinity mapping process and its tangible output provided us with a clearer understanding of the patterns and themes running through the data, highlighting areas of opportunity.
*There are more detials in the final report, please email me to get access if you are interesetd.
feedback Guest data is being collected through various sources, however, there is no cohesive protocol or centralized location for storing and accessing
feedbackThe current process for identifying and tracking VIP and repeat guests is problematic
thumb_up Apply a centralized database
feedbackPhysical paperwork causes burdens on document management
thumb_up Use of a file sharing program to manage data.
feedback Information on the website is not being communicated to guests in an accessible or intuitive way.
thumb_up Adjust informaiton structure to make important information more salient to users
feedbackPhone calls are a drain on staff resources and often do not result in increased understanding or a sale
thumb_up Setting up a “Frequently Asked Questions” page
feedback Language barrier between guests and staff leads to miscommunication, negatively impacting guest experience
thumb_up Having a short language training program
While more and more advanced technologies are developed and the access to them becomes easier, we need to calm down and think of whether they would bring real benefit to clients. Some qustions that should be considered:


Provide parameters needed to integrate this application with an existing oxd server (version: 4.0).
Once you click on Save, the Register Site method of the API will be executed. Typically this is a one-time operation and it returns the so-called oxd ID (an identifier for the application, which is passed in subsequent API calls).
(§) parameter value fixed for convenience
Registration of client did not succeed... Check your settings or the console output.
| Setting | Value |
|---|---|
| OXD ID | #{oxdConfig.oxdId} |
| OXD Client ID | #{oxdConfig.clientId} |
| OXD Client secret | #{oxdConfig.clientSecret} |
| OXD Client name | #{oxdConfig.clientName} |


--- layout: page title: Get started permalink: /get-started/ icon: fa-rocket classes: get-started col-md-10 col-md-offset-1 col-sm-10 col-sm-offset-1 stylesheet: /css/pages/get-started.css ---
Really! We think that once you've learned how to use Woopsa, you won't ever look back. But because our mission is to get Woopsa on as many devices as possible, we need you to tell us what you want to do.
Making a Woopsa server is extremely simple and requires just one line of code if you're using our reflector! Just give the Woopsa server a class and it will do the rest, automagically!
The C# / .NET server is included in the Woopsa assembly. We created the Woopsa library with Mono in mind, trying to use only the most standard .NET components for maximum compatibility.
Start off by downloading Woopsa and get the Woopsa.dll assembly inside the DotNet folder. Add this assembly as a reference in your Visual Studio project and add the following line to the top of your source file:
That's it!
Note: By default, the Woopsa server resides on port 80 and has a base path of /woopsa, meaning your first server will be available from http://localhost/woopsa
To create a simple server, you first need some data to publish to the world. You can set your Woopsa server to handle any C# object, but for example's sake, this is the class we are going to use:
Once you've written your class, you can simply create the new Woopsa server and give it your root object:
That's it! Your Woopsa server is now available on http://localhost/woopsa. The server starts in its own thread and uses a thread pool to serve multiple clients at once. This means you really don't have to worry about anything ... just work with your WeatherStation like you would with any other object, and Woopsa takes care of everything for you. Including publish/subscribe events!
Note: Woopsa is completely web-based. This means you can see your data simply with a browser!
If, for any reason, you don't want to publish your entire object and want to choose exactly what to publish, you can! There are two metadata attributes you can use in C# to accomplish this.
In summary, this is what your new class should look like:
Note: By default, the entire model is published
The reflector works very well, even with nested objects. The object tree is explored on creation and if you change the embedded objects in your classes, the new data would be right available.
Here's an example of using embedded objects:
That's it! If you want to know more about how to use the server, please take a look at some of the examples available in the source code. You can also read the full specifications of the Woopsa protocol to get a better understanding of how everything works!
Because Woopsa is based on HTTP, adding SSL/TLS is a breeze! You just need to specify port 443, add a certificate and you're good-to-go. The internal WebServer (Woopsa's own lightweight HTTP server) has a concept called Pre-route Processing which allows it to manipulate the data stream before the actual HTTP route handling is done. This makes adding SSL/TLS as easy as adding a TlsProcessor to the WebServer's PreRouteProcessors: {% highlight csharp %} WeatherStation station = new WeatherStation(); WoopsaServer server = new WoopsaServer(station, 443); server.WebServer.PreRouteProcessors.Add(new TlsProcessor("{path-to-your-certificate.p12}","{private-key-password}")); {% endhighlight %}
Note: Internally, this processor uses .NET's SslStream and X509Certificate2 coupled with AuthenticateAsServer(). This means that the certificate you pass to the processor must be a PKCS12 package with a password-protected private key embedded in it. Creating certificates is not related to Woopsa and is not covered in this guide.
Because Woopsa is based on HTTP, authentication is done with the simple WWW-Authenticate mechanism. This means that clients wishing to connect to your authentication-enabled Woopsa server will need to provide the Authorization header with proper Base64-encoded credentials.
To enable authentication on the server, you simply need to give the server a SimpleAuthenticator through the Authenticator property. You can then check against the username and password as you wish, and return true on success or false on failure.
To disable authentication on the server, simply set Authenticator to null (which is the case by default).
Of course, SSL/TLS and authentication work together seamlessly and thus allow full server and client-side authentication. That's the magic of using standards!
Making a Woopsa server in Node.js is extremely simple and requires just one line of code if you're using the default options. The Woopsa server uses express in the background, which means it can integrate with your already-existing app if you so desire!
The Node.js server is included in the woopsa npm package. Woopsa for Node.js embraces the asynchronous nature of JavaScript, allowing you to plug it into any type of application and very quickly create a RESTful interface to your application.
Because the Woopsa Node.js server is an npm package, installing the library is as simple as:
npm install woopsa
Of course, you can also add it as a dependency to your package.json file, but this isn't covered in this tutorial. Once the package has been added to your project, you can simply require it using requirejs:
And that's it! You are now ready to use the Woopsa Node.js library!
Note: By default, the Woopsa server resides on port 80 and has a base path of /woopsa, meaning your first server will be available from http://localhost/woopsa
To create a simple server, you first need some data to publish to the world. So we'll just construct a JavaScript object using the standard JSON syntax:
Once you've written your data, you can simply create the new Woopsa server and give it your root object:
That's it! Your Woopsa server is now available on http://localhost/woopsa. The server creates a new express app and uses its inner routing mechanism to provide the Woopsa functionality. This means you really don't have to worry about anything ... just work with your weatherStation like you would with any other object, and Woopsa takes care of everything for you. Including publish/subscribe events (by polling the value of your object).
Note: Woopsa is completely web-based. This means you can see your data simply with a browser!
You will have noticed in our example GetWeatherAtDate function, we first have to parse the date (as illustrated by var date = new Date(date)), because it's given to us as a string. This is because JavaScript is a completely dynamic language, and as such we cannot know in advance what type of argument our function needs. Thus, when you are using the reflector, all function arguments and return types are set to "Text". This is also the case for properties whose values evaluate to a string.
This is where the Typer function comes into play. When you create your Woopsa server, you can pass it a function that will be called every time the type needs to be known. This function is called a Typer function and is called with two arguments: the path of the Woopsa element we need a type for, and the inferred type. The inferred type is what the Woopsa library *thinks* is the correct type for this element. Your Typer function then simply needs to return a Woopsa type. You can either return the inferred type, or the Woopsa type of your choice based on the path.
To set it up, simply set the typer property in the options to a function that accepts two parameters. For example, if we want to do this for the date argument of our GetWeatherAtDate function, here's how we would do it:
Now that we've done this, Woopsa will automatically parse values as a JavaScript Date object before passing it to our function. Thus, we can change the declaration of our GetWeatherAtDate function and make it a little bit shorter:
This also has the advantage of letting the Woopsa server do some type sanity checks and throw the appropriate errors in case the client tries doing something nonsensical with types.
JavaScript, especially when used in Node.js applications, is asynchronous in nature. So what do you do when you need to read/write a file or write to a socket in a function? And how do you send that delayed result through Woopsa?
Under the hood, the Woopsa server is fully asynchronous for read, write and invoke operations. The reflector just hides that complexity from you. When it detects a function in your object, it creates a WoopsaMethod calling your function. The reflector, however, was made to be extended with additional manual functions.
The WoopsaServer object publishes an object called element to which you can add additional functions. To do this, simply create a new WoopsaMethodAsync object, passing it a function that accepts a callback function as last parameter. When you have your result, you can simply call the callback function with your return value. For example, we can make a function that returns "Hello world" after a certain amount of time.
The Woopsa server will then publish a method called HelloAfterNSeconds that is fully asynchronous. This has the advantage of making your server 100% non-blocking, just like JavaScript was meant to be!
Note: Your function does not need to return a value. If you throw an exception asynchronously, it will crash your server. In the case of an asynchronous error, you should instead call the done callback that way:
done(null, new woopsa.Exceptions.WoopsaException("Your error goes here."));
The first argument doesn't necessarly have to be null, but it will be ignored either way, as the server will return your error to the client instead of the value.
The Woopsa server uses express under the hood. If you already have a web server running in your application and want the Woopsa server to reside on the same port, you can! Just specify an expressApp property in the WoopsaServer constructor. The Woopsa server will then just add its own routes alongside your own, making sure both your webapp and Woopsa can live side-by-side.
Note: You'll have to be careful in your app not to add middleware that interferes with Woopsa. For example, setting a global middleware function that adds some headers might break Woopsa functionality in some situations. The Woopsa server will never pollute your own middleware chain, as everything is prefixed.
Because Woopsa uses express and Node.js's http module under the hood, using SSL/TLS with express is out of the scope of this guide. We recommend following this tutorial which covers the basics of serving your content through https with express.
Once you have an express server listening on https, you can simply read the section above to learn how to pass an already existing express app to the Woopsa server.
Because Woopsa is based on HTTP, authentication is done with the simple WWW-Authenticate mechanism. This means that clients wishing to connect to your authentication-enabled Woopsa server will need to provide the Authorization header. This is already handled for you natively in all Woospa clients.
To enable authentication on the server, you simply need to set the checkAuthenticate option in the Woopsa server constructor to a function (username, password) which the Woopsa server will call upon every request. You can then check against this username and password as you wish, and return true on success or false on failure.
Of course, SSL/TLS and authentication work together seamlessly and thus allow full server and client-side authentication. That's the magic of using standards!
Embedded devices such as 8-bit microcontrollers like the Arduino can run Woopsa too! The Woopsa Embedded library was created with strong memory constrains in mind and only uses about 2-3 kiloBytes of RAM. This library is designed to be 100% cross-platform and only requires your microcontroller to support basic string functions and the C language.
Start off by downloading Woopsa and get the 3 Woopsa source files (woopsa-config.h, woopsa-server.h and woopsa-server.c) in the Embedded folder. Add these files to your project and include woopsa-server.h at the top of your source file:
Depending on which platform you're trying to port Woopsa, you might have to make some adjustments to woopsa-config.h. For example, the version that is provided assumes that the standard string processing C libraries are available. This means that functions such as snprintf, strstr, strlen, atoi or tolower are available.
The Woopsa Embedded server uses macros defined in that file to convert strings to integers, count the length of strings, etc. In case your system does not support these functions, you can always write replacement functions adapted to your platform.
Note: You can also disable strings and remote method invocation alltogether if you do not need these features in your embedded Woopsa server. Just comment the #defines called WOOPSA_ENABLE_STRINGS and WOOPSA_ENABLE_METHODS.
The Woopsa Embedded server is fully cross-platform because it is not tied to any specific network implementation. This means you will have to write the networking code yourself. You must thus write whatever code is necessary to aquire a buffer of bytes send from a client (which will be an HTTP request), then pass this buffer to the WoopsaHandleRequest function along with a response buffer. This function will analyze the request and build a response in the buffer. You can then send this buffer back to the client using whatever code you have.
To publish data using the Woopsa Embedded server, you use the simple macros defined in woopsa-server.h to specify properties and methods to publish.
This particular piece of code will create a new dictionary of Woopsa entries called woopsaEntries. The macro takes care of creating the dictionary so you do not need to "initialize" the variable.
Before you can pass data to Woopsa Embedded, you must first initialize a Woopsa server. To do this, just call the WoopsaServerInit function and pass it a pointer to a WoopsaServer, a path prefix, a dictionary of entries and an optional request handling method (see Serving other content).
That's it! You're now ready to pass data to Woopsa Embedded. It's up to you to write code to listen on a specific port or IP using the library of your choice (whatever is available on your embedded target). Because Woopsa was designed to be used by browsers directly, we recommend listening on TCP port 80, but nothing prevents you from passing Woopsa through a serial port, for example.
Because requests made through HTTP can be fragmented across multiple TCP packets, use the WoopsaCheckRequestComplete function, passing it your buffer, to check if you need to aquire more bytes from the client. This function will return WOOPSA_REQUEST_COMLETE when the full HTTP request has been received (including POST data), or WOOPSA_REQUEST_MORE_DATA_NEEDED if you need to get more bytes.
Once the request is complete, you can simply call the WoopsaHandleRequest function, passing it your input and output buffers. This function will generate a Woopsa response and returns WOOPSA_SUCCESS when everything went well. In cases where the client makes a malformed request or requests an element that doesn't exist, WOOPSA_CLIENT_REQUEST_ERROR will be returned and the buffer will contain a 404 or 500 HTTP error, which you must send back to the client.
You can then send the output buffer as a response to the client, and happily wait until the next request!
Note: Woopsa Embedded was designed with high portability and low memory in mind. This means you can safely pass the same buffer for request and response, limiting your memory usage greatly.
A sample is available in the source files of Woopsa that runs on the Arduino Mega with an Ethernet Shield 2. Networking on the Arduino Ethernet Shield is easy and a shorter version of the code is given below to help you get started:
A sample is available in the source files of Woopsa that should run on any flavor of Linux/UNIX-like system. A shorter version of the code is given below to help you get started quickly:
Upon Woopsa server initialization, you can optionally pass a function pointer to handle requests which are not in the woopsa path prefix. This means you can also serve some HTML or other data directly on your embedded system! {% highlight c %} WoopsaUInt16 ServeHTML(WoopsaChar8 path[], WoopsaUInt8 isPost, WoopsaChar8 dataBuffer[], WoopsaUInt16 dataBufferSize) { strcpy(dataBuffer, "Hello world!"); return strlen("Hello world!"); } .. WoopsaServerInit(&server, "/woopsa/", woopsaEntries, ServeHTML); {% endhighlight %}
Note: You can do whatever you want in this function, and don't even necessarily have to copy data to the data buffer. The only mandatory step is to return the length of the content you will be serving, so Woopsa can prepare the proper Content-Length headers. When your function is called, the WoopsaHandleRequest function returns WOOPSA_OTHER_RESPONSE, allowing you to write something to your client directly. This is useful if you wish to serve some really long piece of data from program memory without being constrained by your RAM.
Because Woopsa Embedded was designed with extreme portability and low memory usage in mind, it does not support subscriptions (publish/subscribe) or multiple requests. Also, the DateTime type is not handled in any way, as a large date-handling library would be necessary. Finally, Woopsa methods can not have any arguments: only return values are allowed. However, this should be enough to cover most embedded use cases. If you need more, you're welcome to use an embedded system running an OS like Linux and use the .NET library with Mono.
Our official JavaScript client is the easiest way to get started using Woopsa in a web application. Contrary to most other protocols out there, you do not need a gateway server. Indeed, because Woopsa is based on HTTP, browsers can directly connect to Woopsa servers. This is great in many aspects, because it means there are less possible points of failure which makes for a much simpler infrastructure!
Note: The Woopsa JavaScript library depends on jQuery for making asynchronous requests.
Woopsa will soon be available on a CDN. In the meantime, we suggest you host it yourself.
If you'd prefer to host the Woopsa client code yourself, simply download Woopsa and get the minified (compressed) JavaScript in the JavaScript folder. Include it before the closing </body> tag of your page.
{% highlight html %} {% endhighlight %}Note: Woopsa is connection-less. This means that creating a client does not initiate any data exchange until requests are actually made.
Creating a new Woopsa client is easy. You just need to know the URL of the server, and pass jQuery as a dependency. Then you're ready to make your first requests! Because we want to help you get started as quickly as possible, we host a free sample Woopsa server on http://demo.woopsa.org/woopsa. To tell Woopsa to communicate with this server, use the following code to create a new client:
That's it! You're now ready to make your first requests.
Note: our JavaScript library implements the Promise interface, which means done, fail and always are available for you!
Woopsa has 4 basic verbs that allow you to do everything you need! The three verbs are presented below, along with the code examples that go with them:
Because Woopsa is object-oriented, you can freely explore the data that's available on the server. This allows you to write very flexible clients that can fetch data based on what they're presented with. Fetching the object hierarchy is as simple as specifying the path and a callback method:
If you want to learn more about the meaning of all this stuff, read the full specifications to the Woopsa protocol!
You can make a request to read a property by using the simple read function provided to you in the library. This method only requires 2 parameters: the path of the property and a callback method for when the value is returned by the server.
Writing properties is as easy as reading them. Watch out though, because properties have a type and may be read-only! The write method requires 3 parameters: the path of the property, the value to write and a callback function (optional) for when the value is writting to the server.
Methods in Woopsa allow you to send commands to the server in a more intuitive way. Again, this is very easily done with Woopsa. The invoke method requires 3 parameters: the path of the method, the arguments and a callback for when the method has been called on the server.
On servers that support it, a SubscriptionService object is available at the root. This object has various methods to subscribe to value changes. However, the library abstracts this away for you! An easy-to-use onChange method allows you to bind a callback to the change of a property. All you need to provide it is a path and a callback, as well as a monitorInterval and a publishInterval.
If you wish to have more control over the rate at which events are raised, or just want to learn a bit more about how the publish/subscribe pattern is implemented in Woopsa, go read the full specifications!
Under the hood, the Woopsa JavaScript client uses the standard XmlHttpRequest. This means that using it with an SSL/TLS enabled server is just a matter of using https:// instead of http:// when specifying the server URL.
{% highlight csharp %} var client = new WoopsaClient("https://demo.woopsa.org/woopsa"); {% endhighlight %}If the Woopsa server you are communicating with requires client authentication with a username and password, simply set the username and password properties of your client and all future requests will be authenticated.
{% highlight javascript %} var client = new WoopsaClient("http://demo.woopsa.org/woopsa", jQuery); client.username = "admin"; client.password = "password"; {% endhighlight %}The C# / .NET clients are included in the Woopsa assembly. We created the Woopsa library with Mono in mind, trying to use only the most standard .NET components for maximum compatibility. Like the JavaScript client, you do not need a gateway server to relay information. Just directly connect to your Woopsa server! There is a "standard" and a dynamic client (available only in .NET versions that support reflection). This tutorial covers the standard version of the client and finishes with an example on how to use the dynamic client.
Start off by downloading Woopsa and get the Woopsa.dll assembly inside the DotNet folder. Add this assembly as a reference in your Visual Studio project and add the following line to the top of your source file:
That's it!
Note: Woopsa is connection-less. This means that creating a client does not initiate any data exchange until requests are actually made.
Creating a new Woopsa client is easy. You just need to know the URL of the server. Then you're ready to make your first requests! Because we want to help you get started as quickly as possible, we host a free sample Woopsa server on http://demo.woopsa.org/woopsa. To tell Woopsa to communicate with this server, use the following code to create a new client:
That's it! You're now ready to work with your server.
The C# / .NET library abstracts away a lot of the workings of Woopsa. It works differently from the JavaScript implementation, making use of all the powerful features that the C# language and .NET platform have to offer.
The method Meta("path") returns a WoopsaMetaResult object containing all the information on the object located at the given path parameter.
Because they implement the IWoopsaProperty interface, reading a value is as easy as using the Read method! The library takes care of most cases of typecasting.
When you wish to write a property, you need to know its type in order to assign it a WoopsaValue. Once you know this, writing is as simple as assigning something with the Write method.
Note: The Woopsa .NET library comes with tons of premade WoopsaValue constructors that accept just about any type you can think of, making your life easier when dealing with WoopsaValues.
When you have your method, simply call the Invoke method and passing it a collection of NameValueCollections for the arguments.
Note: While the JavaScript implementation of invoke has named parameters, this is not the case in the C# version. This means that the order in which you specify arguments is important!
WoopsaClient has a useful Subscribe method via the SubscriptionChannel property that you can use with a path and a EventHandler for the arguments.
A root object which implements the IWoopsaObject interface can be obtained from the Woopsa client method, CreateBoundRoot. This object is filled on-demand with all the published properties, methods and items on the server as IEnumerable properties. This means that you can simply iterate through these properties to know exactly what's on the server, without any additional logic!
A root object which implements the IWoopsaObject interface can be created from the Woopsa client method, CreateUnboundRoot. This object is empty and will be filled manually with de methods GetPropertyByPath, GetUnboundItem and GetMethod. All this actions can also be done when the server is offline. For writing or reading properties the server must naturally be online.
The steps presented above allow you to write strict object-oriented code with strong typing and compilation-time checking. However, the notation can be somewhat tedious at times. This is why we also created a dynamic client, which allows you to talk to a Woopsa server as if it were a regular object!
Under the hood, the Woopsa C# client uses HttpWebRequest. This means that using it with an SSL/TLS enabled server is just a matter of using https:// instead of http:// when specifying the server URL.
{% highlight csharp %} WoopsaClient client = new WoopsaClient("https://localhost/woopsa"); {% endhighlight %}Note: Certificate validation will be handled by the .NET platform's own internals. This is out of the scope of this guide, however, a "quick and dirty" way to avoid errors when testing out on local servers with self-signed certificates is to add a RemoteCertificateValidationCallback to the ServicePointManager:
ServicePointManager.ServerCertificateValidationCallback += (sender, cert, chain, sslPolicyErrors) => true;
Warning: This will override all the certificate validation chain and won't authentify the server! It's always recommended to get a proper certificate for your server instead.
If the Woopsa server you are communicating with requires client authentication with a username and password, simply set the Username and Password properties of your client (works on the dynamic client as well) and all future requests will be authenticated.
{% highlight csharp %} WoopsaClient client = new WoopsaClient("http://demo.woopsa.org/woopsa"); client.Username = "admin"; client.Password = "password"; {% endhighlight %}


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What to expect in public hearings on the Trump impeachment inquiry
Since Speaker Nancy Pelosi announced a formal impeachment inquiry in September, House investigators have conducted weeks of fact-finding largely in private to determine if President Donald Trump abused the power of his office in his dealings with Ukraine. On Wednesday, the inquiry enters a new phase: public hearings.
— The Basics
Who: William Taylor, the top US diplomat in Ukraine, and George Kent, a senior State Department official in charge of Ukraine policy, will appear for joint testimony.
What: The House Intelligence Committee, led by its chairman, Rep. Adam Schiff, D-Calif., will offer lawmakers from both parties a chance to question the witnesses.
When and where: The proceedings start at 10 a.m. Eastern time in the one of the grandest hearing rooms the House has: the vaulted, columned chambers of the Ways and Means Committee. (Democrats intentionally chose the chambers as the backdrop.) We expect the hearing to go until midafternoon.
How to watch: The New York Times will stream the testimony live, and a team of reporters in Washington will provide real-time context and analysis of the events on Capitol Hill. Follow along at nytimes.com, starting a few minutes before 10 a.m.
— Four Key Issues Will Dominate the Hearings
The Democratic case against the president is built around four major issues that the president’s critics say prove that Trump abused his office:
Giuliani and a shadow diplomacy
Current and former diplomats and national security officials have described to investigators how Rudy Giuliani, the president’s personal lawyer, led a shadow foreign policy in Ukraine that circumvented career foreign service officers and established diplomatic channels in an effort to further Trump’s political agenda.
Kent told investigators that Giuliani’s influence over Trump when it came to Ukraine was “almost unmissable,” and that Giuliani led a “highly irregular” channel of policymaking on Ukraine.
The security aid
Congress approved nearly $400 million in security aid to help Ukraine counter Russian aggression. But witnesses have testified that the aid was abruptly frozen at the direction of the acting chief of staff, Mick Mulvaney, and the Office of Management and Budget. They have said they were alarmed to learn that the aid would not be restarted unless Ukraine agreed to publicly announce the investigations that Trump wanted.
In gripping closed-door testimony, Taylor recalled having seen firsthand Ukraine’s need for the security aid when he travelled to the country and witnessed its soldiers facing Russian forces across a damaged bridge. He told lawmakers that he knew at that time that “more Ukrainians would undoubtedly die without the US assistance.”
The July 25 call
At the heart of the Democratic case is the reconstructed transcript released by the White House of the July phone call between Trump and Ukraine’s president, Volodymyr Zelenskiy. In the call, Trump asked Zelenskiy, newly elected as Ukraine’s leader, to “do us a favor” and investigate the former vice president, as well as a conspiracy theory that asserts that Ukraine, not Russia, interfered in the 2016 election to help Democrats, not Trump.
Both sides have used the call to bolster their arguments. Democrats say it is direct evidence of Trump’s culpability in the pressure campaign. Republicans note that there is no direct mention during the call of the security aid and argue it falls far short of providing proof that the president was involved in abusing his office. Trump has insisted repeatedly that the call was “perfect” and exonerates him.
The ouster of Marie Yovanovitch
Among the most personal moments during Wednesday’s hearing is likely to be discussion of the ouster of Yovanovitch from her post as ambassador to Ukraine. Several witnesses have testified about a smear campaign led by Giuliani to damage Yovanovitch’s reputation and oust her.
Philip T. Reeker, the acting assistant secretary in charge of European and Eurasian Affairs, told investigators that the effort to cast Yovanovitch as a “liberal outpost” was a “fake narrative” that “really is without merit or validation.”
— Michael D. Shear
— Before then, catch up on some important background on the impeachment inquiry.
— Taylor and Kent have already appeared for closed-door depositions in the inquiry.
— Trump repeatedly pressured Zelenskiy to investigate people and issues of political concern to Trump, including former Vice President Joe Biden.
— A CIA officer who was once detailed to the White House filed a whistleblower complaint on Trump’s interactions with Zelenskiy.
— Pelosi announced in September that the House would open a formal impeachment proceeding in response to the whistleblower’s complaint.
— House committees have issued subpoenas to the White House, the Defense Department, the budget office and other agencies for documents related to the impeachment investigation.
© 2019 The New York Times Company


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8th November 2013
91 mins
Sandra Bullock and George Clooney are cast adrift in space in this intense sci-fi thriller - amazing in 3D!
George Clooney, Sandra Bullock
Alfonso Cuaron
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30th October 2013
112 mins
Chris Hemsworth's mighty avenger takes on a foe that's older than the universe in this epic Marvel superhero sequel.
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