When signal *SP is set to 0 during the execution of a block containing only the M, S or T function, signal STL is immediately set to 0, signal SPL is set to 1, and the CNC enters the feed hold state. If the FIN signal is subsequently sent from the PMC, the CNC executes processing up until the end of the block that has been halted. Upon the completion of that block, signal SPL is set to 0 (signal STL remains set to 0) and the CNC enters the automatic operation stop state.
(a) During threading When signal *SP is set to 0 during threading, the CNC enters the feed hold state after executing a non–threading block after the threading blocks. When signal *SP is set to 0 during threading with the G92 command (threading cycle), signal SPL is immediately set to 1 but operation continues up until the end of the retraction block following threading. When signal *SP is set to 0 during threading with the G32 command, signal SPL is immediately set to 1 but operation continues until the end of a non–threading block following the threading blocks. (Stopping feeding during threading is dangerous because the amount of cutting will increase.)
(b) During tapping in a cannec cycle (G84) When signal *SP is set to 0 during tapping in a canned cycle (G84), signal SPL is immediately set to 1 but operation continues until the tool returns to the initial level or R point level after the completion of tapping.
(c) When a macro instruction is being executed Operation stops after the currently executing macro instruction has been completed.
� Halt of automatic operation (feed hold)
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[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Starts automatic operation.
[Operation] When signal ST is set to 1 then 0 in memory (AUTO) mode or manual data input (MDI) mode, the CNC enters the cycle start state and starts operation.
⋅⋅⋅ Start
Signal ST “1” “0”
Automatic operation
AUTO or MDI mode
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Halts automatic operation.
[Operation] When signal *SP is set to 0 during automatic operation, the CNC enters the feed hold state and stops operation. Automatic operation cannot be started when signal *SP is set to 0.
Feed hold Start
Signal ST “1” “0”
Automatic operation
AUTO or MDI mode
Signal *SP “1” “0”
Start
Ignored
[Classification] Output signal
[Function] Notifies the PMC that automatic operation is in progress.
[Output condition] This signal is set to 1 or 0, according to the state of the CNC, as listed in Table 5.1.
Signal
Cycle start signal ST<G120#2>
Feed hold signal *SP<G121#5>
Automatic operation signal OP<F148#7>
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[Classification] Output signal
[Function] Notifies the PMC that automatic operation start is entered.
[Output condition] This signal is set to 1 or 0, according to the state of the CNC, as listed in Table 5.1.
[Classification] Output signal
[Function] Notifies the PMC that feed hold state is entered.
[Output condition] This signal is set to 1 or 0, according to the state of the CNC, as listed in Table 5.1.
Table 5.1 Status of Operation
Signal name
State of the operation
Cycle start lamp STL
Feed hold lamp SPL
Automatic op- eration lamp
OP
Cycle start state 1 0 1
Feed hold state 0 1 1
Automatic operation stop state
0 0 1
Reset state 0 0 0
· When the reference position has not yet been established The CNC is executing memory operation or manual data input operation commands.
� Feed hold state The CNC is not executing memory operation nor manual data input op- eration commands while the commands to be executed remain.
� Automatic operation stop state Memory operation or manual data input operation has been completed and stopped.
� Reset state The automatic operation has been forcibly terminated.
NOTE If the sequence number search is performed through MDI panel during Memory mode (AUTO), the signal op turns to “1”.
Cycle start lamp signal STL<F148#5>
Feed hold lamp signal SPL<F148#4>
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[Classification] Output signal
[Function] Informs when the [START] button on the MDI panel is pressed.
[Output condition] The signal becomes 1 when: � The [START] button on the MDI panel is pressed.
The signal is 0 when:
� The [START] button on the MDI panel is not pressed.
#7 G120
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 ST
#1 #0
G121 *SP
OPF148 STL SPL #7 #6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
F150 DST
#7 0001
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 DCS
#1 #0
[Data type] Bit
DCS Specifies how the [START] button on the MDI panel is used, as follows: 1 : The signal from the button does not passes the machine, so that
manual data input is started directly by the NC. 0 : The signal from the button is sent to the machine as the manual data
input start signal (DST, bit 5 of F150). If the machine returns a start signal, manual data input begins.
During automatic operation, the machine may sometimes show no movement while no alarm is detected. In that case, the CNC may be performing processing or waiting for the occurrence of an event. The state of the CNC can be obtained using the CNC self–diagnosis function (diagnosis numbers 0700 and 0701).
Detailed information on the automatic operation stop or feed hold state can also be displayed (diagnosis number 0712).
Manual data input start signal DST<F150#5>
Signal address
Parameter
Alarm and message
� Self–diagnosis information
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OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center)
III.4.1 MEMORY OPERATION (For Machining Center) (B–61404E) III.4.2 MDI OPERATION
III.7.2 CHECKING BY SELF–DIAGNOSTIC SCREEN
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe)
III.4.1 MEMORY OPERATION (For Lathe) (B–61394E) III.4.2 MDI OPERATION
III.7.2 CHECKING BY SELF–DIAGNOSTIC SCREEN
Reference item
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The CNC is reset and enters the reset state in the following cases:
1. When the emergency stop signal (*ESP) is set to 0
2. When the external reset signal (ERS) is set to 1
3. When the reset and rewind signal (RRW) is set to 1
4. When MDI RESET key is pressed
When the CNC is reset, the resetting signal (RST) is output to the PMC. The resetting signal (RST) is set to 0 when the resetting signal output time, set with parameter No.0252, has elapsed after the above conditions have been released.
RST signal output time = Treset (Reset processing time) + (parameter setting value) � 16 msec.
Reset Pro- cessing
Reset ON
RST signal
Treset (Parameter setting value) � 16 msec
CAUTION Treset requires at least 16 msec. This time will be longer on optional configurations.
When the CNC is reset during automatic operation, automatic operation is stopped and tool movement along the controlled axis is decelerated and stopped(*1). When the CNC is reset during the execution of the M, S, or T function, signal MF, SF, or TF is set to 0 within 100 ms.
Tool movement along the controlled axis is also decelerated and stopped(*1) in jog feed (JOG), manual handle feed (HNDL), or incremental feed (STEP).
CAUTION (*1) When the emergency stop signal (*ESP) is set to 0, the
tool is stopped by an emergency stop.
Bit 6 (CLER) of parameter No.0045 is used to select whether the CNC internal data (such as modal G codes) is cleared or reset when the CNC is reset. Refer to the Appendix E, ”Status when turning on power, when cleared, and when reset” in the Operator’s manual for the state of the internal data when cleared or reset.
5.2 RESET AND REWIND
General
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The following parameters are also used to select how to handle processing for CNC data when the CNC is reset.
� Bit 7 (MBCLR) of parameter No.0057 Whether programs created in MDI mode are erased or stored
� Bit 6 (COMC) of parameter No.0040 Whether custom macro variables #100 to #149 are cleared or stored
� Bit 7 (LOCC) of parameter No.0040 Whether custom macro local variables #1 to #33 are cleared or stored
When the reset & rewind signal (RRW) is set to 1, reset is performed and the following rewinding operation is also performed.
1. In automatic operation mode, if the DNC operation selection signal (DNCI) is 1, and the selected input/output unit is connected with a portable tape reader, the tape on the reader is rewound.
While the tape reader is being rewound, the rewinding–in–progress signal (RWD) is output. This signal goes 0 when the tape reader has been rewound.
2. In cases other than case 1, the head of the selected main program is searched for. Setting RWDOUT, bit 2 of parameter no. 0045, determines whether the rewinding–in–progress signal is output.
When RWDOUT is set to 1:
The rewinding–in–progress signal is output. It is set to 1, then set to 0 after about 100 ms. Since searching for the main program in memory takes little time, when the rewinding–in–progress signal (RWD) is set to 0, the main program has already been searched for.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Reset the CNC.
[Operation] Turning the signal ERS to 1 resets the CNC and enters the reset state. While the CNC is reset, the resetting signal RST turns to 1.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] CNC is reset and a program under an automatic operation is rewound.
[Operation] As described in the item, “RESET AND REWIND”.
� ���� � �� ���
Signal
External reset signal ERS<G121#7>
Reset & rewind signal RRW<G104#6>
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[Classification] Output signal
[Function] Notifies the PMC that the CNC is being reset. This signal is used for reset processing on the PMC.
[Output condition] This signal is set to 1 in the following cases: 1. When the emergency stop signal (*ESP) is set to 0 2. When the external reset signal (ERS) is set to 1 3. When the reset & rewind signal (RRW) is set to 1
4. When RESET key is pressed
This signal is set to 0 in the following case: When the resetting signal output time, set with parameter No.0252, has elapsed after the above conditions have been released and the CNC is reset
[Classification] Output signal
[Function] Notifies the PMC that the CNC is being rewound.
[Output condition] As described in the item, “RESET AND REWIND”.
#7 G104
#6 RRW
#5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
ERSG121
F149 RST #7 #6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
F164 RWD
#7 LOCC0040
#6 COMC
#5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
COMC Custom macro’s common variables Nos. 100 to 149 0 : Cleared to “vacant” by reset 1 : Not cleared by reset
LOCC Custom macro’s local variables Nos. 1 to 33 0 : Cleared to “vacant” by reset 1 : Not cleared by reset
Resetting signal RST<F149#1>
Rewinding signal RWD<F164#6>
Signal address
Parameter
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#7 0045
#6 CLER
#5 #4 #3 #2 RWDOUT
#1 #0
[Data type] Bit
RWDOUT RWD signal indicating that rewinding is in progress 0 : Output only when the tape reader is being rewound by the reset and
rewind signal RRW 1 : Output when the tape reader is being rewound or a program in
memory is being rewound by the reset and rewind signal RRW
CLER Reset key on the CRT/MDI panel, external reset signal, reset and rewind signal, and emergency stop signal 0 : Cause reset state. 1 : Cause clear state.
#7 MBCLR0057
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
MBCLR Whether a program prepared in the MDI mode is cleared by reset 0 : Not deleted 1 : deleted
0252 Output time of reset signal RST
[Data type] Byte
[Unit of data] 16 ms
[Valid data range] 0 to 255
To extend the output time of reset signal RST, the time to be added is specified in this parameter. RST signal output time = time required for reset + parameter value� 16 ms
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
APPENDIX E STATUS WHEN TURNING POWER ON, WHEN CLEAR AND WHEN RESET
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
APPENDIX E STATUS WHEN TURNING POWER ON, WHEN CLEAR AND WHEN RESET
Reference item
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Before machining is started, the automatic running check can be executed. It checks whether the created program can operate the machine as desired. This check can be accomplished by running the machine actually or viewing the position display change without running the machine.
The change of the position display can be monitored without moving the machine. When all–axis machine lock signal MLK is set to 1, output pulses (move commands) to the servo motors are stopped in manual or automatic operation. The commands are distributed, however, updating the absolute and relative coordinates. The operator can therefore check if the commands are correct by monitoring the position display.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Places all controlled axes in the machine lock state.
[Operation] When this signal is set to 1, pulses (move commands) are not output to the servo motors for all axes in manual or automatic operation.
#7 G117
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 MLK
#0
5.3 TESTING A PROGRAM
5.3.1 Machine Lock
General
Signal
All–axis machine lock signal MLK <G117#1>
Signal address
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NOTE 1 Automatic operation in the machine lock state (M, S,
and T commands) Machine lock applies only to move commands along controlled axes. Updating modal G codes or setting a coordinate system is performed normally. M, S, and T commands are also performed normally.
2 Reference position return in the machine lock state (G27, G28, and G30) When the reference position return command (G28), or 2nd to 4th reference position return command (G30), is executed for an axis in the machine lock state, distribution and position updating are performed. The tool, however, is not returned to the reference position. The reference position return completion signals (ZPX to ZP4) are not output. The reference position return check command (G27) is ignored in the machine lock state.
3 Turning on/off the machine lock signal during movement along an axis When the machine lock signal for an axis is set to 1 during movement along the axis that is not in the machine lock state, the axis is immediately placed in the machine lock state and output pulses (move commands) to the servo motor are stopped. The tool is decelerated and stopped with the automatic acceleration/deceleration function. On the other hand, when the machine lock signal for an axis is set to 0 during distribution of the move command along the axis in the machine lock state, pulse (move command) output for the axis is immediately restarted. The tool is accelerated with the automatic acceleration/deceleration function.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
III.5.1 MACHINE LOCK AND AUXILIARY FUNCTION LOCK
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
III.5.1 MACHINE LOCK AND AUXILIARY FUNCTION LOCK
Note
Reference item
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Dry run is valid only for automatic operation. The tool is moved at a constant feedrate(*1) regardless of the feedrate specified in the program. This function is used, for example, to check the movement of the tool without a workpiece.
CAUTION This feedrate depends on the specified parameters, the manual rapid traverse switching signal (RT), manual feedrate override signals (*OV1 to *OV8), and whether the command block specifies rapid traverse or cutting feed, as listed in the table below.
Manual rapid traverse
Program command
switching signal (RT)
Rapid traverse Feed
1 Rapid traverse rate Maximum value on the manual feed feedrate dial
0 Feedrate determined using the override dial, or rapid tra- verse rate (*1)
Feedrate determined using the override dial
Rapid traverse rate Setting by parameter Nos.0518 to 0521. . . . . . . .
*1:If parameter RDRN (bit 6 of parameter No.0001) is 1, the feedrate determined using the override dial is used. If the parameter is 0, the rapid traverse rate is used.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Enables dry run.
[Operation] When this signal is set to 1, the tool is moved at the feedrate specified for dry run. When this signal is set to 0, the tool is moved normally.
CAUTION When the dry run signal is changed from 0 to 1 or 1 to 0 during the movement of the tool, the feedrate of the tool is first decelerated to 0 before being accelerated to the specified feedrate.
5.3.2 Dry Run
General
Signal
Dry run signal DRN<G118#7>
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#7 DRNG118
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
#7 0001
#6 RDRN
#5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
RDRN Dry run for rapid traverse command 0 : Disabled 1 : Enabled
#7 0065
#6 #5 TAPDRN
#4 #3 #2 #1 #0 (M series)
[Data type] Bit
TAPDRN Dry run during tapping (tapping cycle G74 or G84; rigid tapping) 0 : Enabled 1 : Disabled
Rapid traverse rate0518 – 0521
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 30 to 24000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 30 to 9600 6 to 4800
Rotation axis 1 deg/min 30 to 24000 30 to 12000
Set the rapid traverse rate when the rapid traverse override is 100% for each axis.
0527 Maximum cutting feedrate for all axes
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Specify the maximum cutting feedrate.
A feedrate in the tangential direction is clamped in cutting feed so that it does not exceed the feedrate specified in this parameter.
Signal address
Parameter
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
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OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
III.5.4 DRY RUN
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
III.5.4 DRY RUN
Single block operation is valid only for automatic operation. When the single block signal (SBK) is set to 1 during automatic operation, the CNC enters the automatic operation stop state after executing the current block. In subsequent automatic operation, the CNC enters the automatic operation stop state after executing each block in the program. When the single block signal (SBK) is set to 0, normal automatic operation is restored.
Single block operation during the execution of custom macro statements depends on the setting of bit 5 (SBKM) of parameter No.0011, as follows:
SBKM = 0: Operation does not stop in the custom macro statements but stops once the next NC command has been executed.
SBKM = 1: Operation stops after each block in the custom macro statements.
When the CNC is in the automatic operation stop state during single block operation, the mode can be changed to manual data input (MDI), manual handle feed (HND), incremental feed (STEP), or jog feed (JOG), by using the mode select signals (MD1, MD2, and MD4).
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Enables single block operation.
[Operation] When this signal is set to 1, single block operation is performed. When this signal is set to 0, normal operation is performed.
Reference item
5.3.3 Single Block
General
Signal
Single block signal SBK<G116#1>
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#7 G116
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 SBK
#0
#7 0011
#6 #5 SBKM
#4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
SBKM Custom macro statement 0 : Not stop the single block 1 : Stops the single block
CAUTION Operation in canned cycle When the SBK signal turns to “1” during canned cycle operation, the operation stops at each positioning, approach, drilling and retreat instead of the end of the block. The SPL signal turns to “1” while the STL signal turns to “0”, showing that the end of the block has not been reached. When the execution of one block is completed, the STL and SPL signals turn to “0” and the operation is stopped.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
III.5.5 SINGLE BLOCK
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
III.5.5 SINGLE BLOCK
Signal address
Parameter
Caution
Reference item
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This function selects whether the movement of the tool with manual operation (such as jog feed and manual handle feed) is counted for calculating the current position in the workpiece coordinate system.
When manual operation interrupts during automatic operation:
i) At the end of the block where manual operation interrupts, the tool position moves in parallel by the manual move amount, regardless of the absolute or incremental command.
ii) In subsequent blocks, the parallel-moved tool position remains unchanged until an absolute command block appears. Therefore, if all blocks are programmed by incremental commands, the tool keeps the parallel-moved position until machining ends.
In case of incremental commands
Manual intervention
Programmed tool path The tool returns to the programmed tool path when an absolute command block is encountered.
End point
Fig. 5.4 (a) Manual absolute ON
CAUTION If the machining end position has shifted by the manual move amount because all blocks are programmed by incremental commands only, the present position is displayed shifted by the manual move amount.
The manual move amount is not counted to the present position on the workpiece coordinate system. The current position display on the CRT includes the manual move amount. The display is reset to the initial value (before manual operation) when the control is reset, when operation in the automatic operation mode, or MDI mode is started after the manual operation.
5.4 MANUAL ABSOLUTE ON/OFF
General
When manual absolute turns on (manual absolute signal *ABSM =0)
When manual absolute turns off (manual absolute signal *ABSM=1)
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During automatic operation, if manual intervention of a block interrupts, the tool position moves in parallel by the manual move amount, regardless of the absolute or incremental command at the end point of that block, as well as at the end point of subsequent blocks.
End pointProgrammed tool path
Manual in- tervention
Actual tool path
(The tool moves along this path, regardless of absolute command or incremental command)
The actual end point always moves in parallel
Fig. 5.4 (b) Manual absolute OFF
The present position display at the finish of the operation shows an end point value on the program as if manual intervention had not been executed. However, the tool position moves in parallel.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Turns the manual absolute function on or off.
[Operation] When this signal is set to 1, the control unit operates as follows: – Turns off the manual absolute function.
When this signal is set to 0, the control unit operates as follows: – Turns on the manual absolute function.
#7 G127
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 *ABSM
#1 #0
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
III.3.5 MANUAL ABSOLUTE ON AND OFF
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
III.3.5 MANUAL ABSOLUTE ON AND OFF
Signal
Manual absolute signal *ABSM<G127#2>
Signal address
Reference item
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When a slash followed by a number (/n, where n = 1 to 9) is specified at the head of a block, and optional block skip signals BDT1 to BDT9 are set to 1 during automatic operation, the information contained in the block for which /n, corresponding to signal BDTn, is specified is ignored (from /n to the end of the block).
(Example) /2 N123 X100. Y200. ;
Input signal Code specified at teh head of a block
BDT1 / or /1 (Note)
BDT2 /2
BDT3 /3
BDT4 /4
BDT5 /5
BDT6 /6
BDT7 /7
BDT8 /8
BDT9 /9
NOTE Number 1 for /1 can be omitted. However, when two or more optional block skip switches are used in one block, number 1 for /1 cannot be omitted. (Example)
//3 N123 X100. Y200. ; — Invalid /1 /3 N123 X100. Y200. ; — Valid
The following figures show the relationship between the timing, when optional block skip signals (BDT1 to BDT9) are set to 1, and the ignored information:
1. When BDTn is set to 1 before the CNC starts reading a block containing /n, the block is ignored.
BDTn ”1” ”0”
Reading by CNC � ...; /n N123 X100. Y200. ; N234 .... ÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄ
Ignored
5.5 OPTIONAL BLOCK SKIP/ADDITION OF OPTIONAL BLOCK SKIP
General
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2. When BDTn is set to 1 while the CNC is reading a block containing /n, the block is not ignored.
BDTn ”1” ”0”
Reading by CNC � ...; /n N123 X100. Y200. ; N234 ....
Not ignored
3. When BDTn, currently set to 1, is set to 0 while the CNC is reading a block containing /n, the block is ignored.
BDTn ”1” ”0”
Reading by CNC � ...; /n N123 X100. Y200. ; N234 ....
ÄÄÄÄ Ignored
4. When two or more optional block skip switches are specified in a block and BDTn, corresponding to one of them, is set to 1, the block is ignored.
BDT3 ”1” ”0”
Reading by CNC � ...;/1 /3 /5 N123 X100. Y200. ; N234 ....
ÄÄÄÄÄ ÄÄÄÄÄ
Ignored
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Select whether a block containing /n is to be executed or ignored.
[Operation] During automatic operation, a block containing /n in the program is ignored when the corresponding optional block skip signal is set to 1. It is executed normally when the signal is set to 0.
Signal
Optional block skip signals BDT1 <G116#0> BDT2 to BDT9 <G141>
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#7 #6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
G116
G141
BDT1
BDT9 BDT8 BDT7 BDT6 BDT5 BDT4 BDT3 BDT2
NOTE 1 This function is ignored when programs are loaded into
memory. Blocks containing /n are also stored in memory, regardless of how the optional block skip signal is set. Programs stored in memory can be output, regardless of how the optional block skip signals are set. Optional block skip is effective even during sequence number search operation.
2 Position of a slash A slash (/) must be specified at the head of a block. If a slash is placed elsewhere, the information from the slash to immediately before the EOB code is ignored.
3 TV and TH check When an optional block skip signal is “1”. TH and TV checks are made for the skipped portions in the same way as when the optional block skip switch is “0”.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.12.2 PROGRAM SECTION CONFIGU- RATION
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.12.2 PROGRAM SECTION CONFIGU- RATION
Signal address
Note
Reference item
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During program execution, this function causes a single block stop right after a block with a specified sequence number is executed.
To use this function, first specify the program number (1 to 9999) of a program that contains a sequence number where operation is to be stopped and the sequence number on the setting data screen: With this setting, a single block stop occurs after the execution of the block with the specified sequence number during automatic operation.
Setting data
– SEQUENCE STOP (PROGRAM NO.) Specify the program number (1 to 9999) of a program to which a sequence to be stopped belongs.
– SEQUENCE STOP (SEQUENCE NO.) Specify the sequence number (1 to 99999) of a sequence to be stopped.
NOTE After the specified sequence number is found during the execution of the program, the sequence number set for sequence number compensation and stop is decremented by one. When the power is turned on, the setting of the sequence number is 0.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
III.11.5.4 Sequence Number Comparison and Stop
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
III.11.5.2 Sequence Number Comparison and Stop
5.6 SEQUENCE NUMBER COMPARISON AND STOP
General
Setting data
Note
Reference item
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A program may be restarted at a block by specifying the sequence number of the block, after automatic operation is stopped because of a broken tool or for holidays. This function can also be used as a high–speed program check function.
There are two types of restart methods.
P type: Restart after a tool is broken down Q type: Restart after holidays
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Selects program restart.
[Operation] When the program restart signal is set to logical 1 to search for the sequence number of the block to be restarted, the CRT screen changes to the program restart screen. When the program restart signal is set to logical 0, and automatic operation is activated, the tool is moved back to the machining restart point at dry run speed along the axes one by one in the sequence specified in parameter Nos. 124 to 127. When the tool is set to the restart point, machining restarts.
[Classification] Output signal
[Function] Notifies that return operation at program restart is in progress.
[Output condition] The signal is output during return operation at program restart.
#7 #6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
G003 SRN
F188 SRNMV
5.7 PROGRAM RESTART
General
Signal
Program restart signal SRN<G103#0>
Program restart under way signal SRNMV<F188#4>
Signal address
5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION B–61393E–2/02
218
Movement sequence to program restart position0124–0127
[Data type] Byte
[Valid data range] 1 to 4
This parameter sets the axis sequence when the machine moves to the restart point by dry run after a program is restarted.
[Example] The machine moves to the restart point in the order of the fourth, first, second, and third axes one at a time when the first axis = 2, the second axis = 3, the third axis = 4, and the fourth axis = 1 are set.
������ Message Description
094 P TYPE NOT ALLOWED (COORD CHG)
P type cannot be specified when the pro- gram is restarted. (After the automatic op- eration was interrupted, the coordinate system setting operation was per- formed.) Perform the correct operation according to the operator’s manual.
095 P TYPE NOT ALLOWED (EXT OFS CHG)
P type cannot be specified when the program is restarted. (After the auto- matic operation was interrupted, the external workpiece offset amount changed.)
096 P TYPE NOT ALLOWED (WRK OFS CHG)
P type cannot be specified when the program is restarted. (After the auto- matic operation was interrupted, the workpiece offset amount changed.)
097 P TYPE NOT ALLOWED (AUTO EXEC)
P type cannot be specified when the program is restarted. (After power ON, after emergency stop or P / S alarm 94 to 97 were reset, no automatic opera- tion was performed.) Perform automat- ic operation.
098 G28 FOUND IN SE- QUENCE RETURN
A command of the program restart was specified without the reference position return operation after power ON or emergency stop, and G28 was found during search. Perform the reference position return.
099 MDI EXEC NOT AL- LOWED AFT. SEARCH
After completion of search in program restart, a move command is given with MDI.
Parameter
Alarm and message
B–61393E–2/02 5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION
219
WARNING As a rule, the tool cannot be returned to a correct position under the following conditions. Special care must be taken in the following cases since none of them cause an alarm: ⋅ Manual operation is performed when the manual
absolute mode is OFF. ⋅ Manual operation is performed when the machine is
locked. ⋅ When the mirror image is used. ⋅ When manual operation is performed in the course of
axis movement for returning operation. ⋅ When the program restart is commanded for a block
between the block for skip cutting and subsequent absolute command block.
⋅ When program restart specified for an intermediate block for a multiple repetitive canned cycle
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
III.4.4 PROGRAM RESTART
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
III.4.5 PROGRAM RESTART
Warning
Reference item
5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION B–61393E–2/02
220
NC commands can be used to control a feedrate in continuous cutting feed blocks as described below.
The tool is decelerated in a block specifying G09, and an in–position check (*1) is performed. When the feed motor falls in position, the tool is moved by the next block. This function may be used to produce a sharp edge at the corner of a workpiece.
When G61 is commanded, deceleration of cutting feed command at the end point and inposition check is performed per block thereafter. This G61 is valid till G63 (tapping mode), G62 (automatic corner override), or G64 (cutting mode), is commanded.
When G63 is commanded, feed rate override is ignored (always regarded as 100%), and feed hold also becomes invalid. Cutting feed does not decelerate at the end of block to transfer to the next block. This G63 is valid till G61 (exact stop mode), G62 (automatic cornter override), or G64 (cutting mode) is commanded.
When G64 is commanded, deceleration at the end point of each block thereafter is not performed and cutting goes on to the next block. This command is valid till G61 (exact stop mode) or G62 (automatic corner override) is commanded. However, in G64 mode, feed rate is decelerated to zero and in–position check is performed in the following case; 1) Positioning mode (G00, G60) 2) Block with exact stop check (G09) 3) Next block is a block without movement command
*1 The term in–position indicates that the servo motor reaches in a range of positions specified by a parameter. See Subsec. <IP_ADDRESS> and <IP_ADDRESS> for details.
(Example) Tool paths from block (1) to block (2)
In–position check
���
���
Y
0 X
Tool path in the exact stop mode
Tool path in the cutting mode or tapping mode
5.8 EXACT STOP/EXACT STOP MODE/ TAPPING MODE/ CUTTING MODE (M SERIES)
General
� Exact stop (G09)
� Exact Stop Mode (G61)
� Tapping Mode (G63)
� Cutting Mode (G64)
B–61393E–2/02 5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION
221
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.4.1 Exact Stop (G09, G61) Cutting Mode (G64) Tapping Mode (G63)
Reference item
5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION B–61393E–2/02
222
When a thin workpiece is to be machined as shown in fig. 5.9, a precision machining can be achieved by machining each side of the workpiece with a tool simultaneously;this function can prevent the workpiece from distortion that results when only one side is machined at a time. When both sides are machined at the same time, the movement of one tool must synchronize with that of the other tool. Otherwise, the workpiece may vibrate, resulting in poor machining. With this function, the movement of one tool post can easily synchronize with that of the other tool post.
Fig. 5.9 Balance cut
��� Message Contents
163 COMMAND G68/G69 INDEPENDENTLY (0–TTC)
G68 and G69 are not independently commanded in balance cut. Correct program.
5.9 BALANCE CUT (0–TTC)
General
Alarm and message
B–61393E–2/02 5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION
223
CAUTION 1 If feed hold operation is performed during balance cutting
using both tool posts, balance cut processing is not performed at restart time, it is performed when the next move command is specified for both tool posts.
2 Balance cutting is not performed in dry run or machine lock state.
3 When rapid traverse operation is specified, balance cut processing is not performed.
4 A workpiece for which thread cutting has been performed in the balance cut mode cannot be subjected to thread cutting in the cancel mode. Thread cutting starts at a different position.
5 Balance cut only starts cutting feed on both tool posts at the same time; it does not maintain synchronization thereafter. To synchronize all the movements of both tool posts, the data for both tool posts, such as the travel distance and feedrate, must be the same.
NOTE 1 Time delay before the pulse distribution of both tool posts
is started is 2 ms or shorter. 2 In the balance cut mode, synchronization is established at
the start of a move block, so movement may momentarily stop.
3 The cancel mode (G69) is set by a reset. 4 When the option ”mirror image for double turrets” is
selected, the balance cut function cannot be used.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II. 24.4 BALANCE CUT (G68, G69)
Caution
Note
Reference item
5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION B–61393E–2/02
224
By activating automatic operation during the DNC operation mode, it is possible to perform machining (DNC operation) while a program is being read in via the reader/puncher interface, or remote buffer. If the floppy cassette directory display option is available, it is possible to select files (programs) saved in an external input/output unit of a floppy format (Handy File, Floppy Cassettes, or FA card) and specify (schedule) the sequence and frequency of execution for automatic operation. To use the DNC operation function, it is necessary to set the parameters related to the reader/punch interface, and remote buffer in advance.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Selects the DNC operation mode. To select the DNC operation mode, it is necessary to select the automatic operation mode (AUTO) and set the DNC operation select signal to logical 1 simultaneously.
[Operation] When the DNC operation select signal becomes logical 1, the control unit operates as follows:
– If the automatic operation mode (AUTO) has not been selected, the signal is ignored, and nothing happens.
– If the automatic operation mode (AUTO) has been selected, the DNC operation mode is selected, and DNC operation becomes possible.
#7 G127
#6 #5 DNCI
#4 #3 #2 #1 #0
#7 NODC30390
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
NODC3 In DNC operation, a program is: 0 : Read block by block. (A DC3 code is output for each block.) 1 : Read continuously until the buffer becomes full. (A DC3 code is
output when the buffer becomes full.)
5.10 DNC OPERATION
General
Signal
DNC operation select signal DNCI<G127#5>
Signal address
Parameter
B–61393E–2/02 5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION
225
NOTE In general, reading is performed more efficiently when NODC3=1. This specification reduces the number of buffering interruptions caused by reading of a series of blocks specifying short movements. This reduces the cycle time.
������ Message Description
086 DR SIGNAL OFF When entering data in the memory by using Reader / Puncher interface, the ready signal (DR) of reader / puncher was off. Power supply of I/O unit is off or cable is not connected or a P.C.B. is defec- tive.
123 CAN NOT USE MACRO COMMAND IN DNC
Macro control command is used dur- ing DNC operation. Modify the program.
210 CAN NOT COMAND M198/M199
M198 and M99 are executed in the schedule operation. Or M198 is executed in the DNC operation.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
III.4.3 DNC OPERATION
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
III.4.3 DNC OPERATION
CONNECTION MANUAL (This manual)
13.1 READER/PUNCHER INTERFACE (This manual)
13.2 REMOTE BUFFER
Alarm and message
Reference item
5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION B–61393E–2/02
226
Eight input signals and eight output signals are provided to interface the PMC with the host CPU. The host manages the signals by means of a predetermined method.
[Transmission]
SDI (SEND DI) PMC → Host CPU CS SDI DA E
When the host CPU issues a DI read request, or RDI, the contents of the DI signals (RMTDI0 to RMTDI7) are sent to the host CPU.
CS: Checksum data DA: Two hexadecimal bytes representing the eight DI bits E: End code
[Reception]
SDO (SEND DO) PMC ← Host CPU CS SDO DA E
Upon receiving GDT, SAT, or SDI, the host CPU can issue this command. The command causes the contents of the DO signals (RMTDO0 to RMTDO7) to be output to the PMC.
CS: Checksum data DA: Two hexadecimal bytes representing the eight DO bits E: End code
NOTE This function is added to protocol A of the remote buffer. For details of the controlling method, refer to Descriptions (B–61392EN–1) for remote buffer.
The following two protocols are supported to enable communication between the host computer and remote buffer. Either protocol is selected according to the setting of the corresponding parameter.
(1)Protocol A Handshaking. Transmission and reception are repeated between the host computer and remote buffer.
(2)Protocol B The communication between the host computer and remote buffer is controlled according to the control code output from the remote buffer.
Protocol A is provided for handshaking, in which transmission and reception are repeated between the remote buffer and host computer.
For an explanation of each signal, refer to Descriptions (B–61392EN–1) for remote buffer.
For details of the communication system, refer to Descriptions (B–61392EN–1) for remote buffer.
5.11 REMOTE BUFFER DI/DO SIGNALS
General
� Protocol
� Protocol A
� Signals
� Communication system
B–61393E–2/02 5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION
227
For details of the message format, refer to ”FANUC REMOTE BUFFER Descriptions (B–90699).”
#7 RMTDO7F289
#6 RMTDO6
#5 RMTDO5
#4 RMTDO4
#3 RMTDO3
#2 RMTDO2
#1 RMTDO1
#0 RMTDO0 (T series)
RMTDO7F290 RMTDO6 RMTDO5 RMTDO4 RMTDO3 RMTDO2 RMTDO1 RMTDO0 (M series)
#7 RMTDI7G239
#6 RMTDI6
#5 RMTDI5
#4 RMTDI4
#3 RMTDI3
#2 RMTDI2
#1 RMTDI1
#0 RMTDI0
� Message format
Signal
(Output) RMTDO0 to RMTDO7 <F289> (T series), <F290> (M series)
(Input) RMTDI0 to RMTDI7 <G239>
5. AUTOMATIC OPERATION B–61393E–2/02
228
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] When this signal is turned on, the tool moves through a specified cut–in amount along a programmed figure.
#7 G237
#6 INFD
#5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
5.12 IN–FEED CONTROL
Signal
In–feed control cut–in start signal (0–GSC) INFD<G237#6>
Signal address
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
229
6 INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
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The G00 command moves a tool to the position in the workpiece system specified with an absolute or an incremental command at a rapid traverse rate. In the absolute command, coordinate value of the end point is programmed. In the incremental command the distance the tool moves is programmed.
The rapid traverse rate in the G00 command is set to the parameter (Nos.0518 to 0521 for 1st axis to 4th axis, Nos. 7518 and 7519 for 5th axis and 6th axis, Nos. 0643 and 0644 for 7th axis and 8th axis) for each axis independently by the machine tool builder. In the positioning mode actuated by G00, the tool is accelerated to a predetermined speed at the start of a block and is decelerated at the end of a block. Execution proceeds to the next block after confirming the in–position.
0518 Rapid traverse rate for 1st axis
0519 Rapid traverse rate for 2nd axis
0520 Rapid traverse rate for 3rd axis
0521 Rapid traverse rate for 4th axis
0643 Rapid traverse rate for 7th axis
0644 Rapid traverse rate for 8th axis
7518 Rapid traverse rate for 9th axis
7519 Rapid traverse rate for 10th axis
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 30 to 24000 30 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 30 to 9600 30 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 30 to 24000 30 to 12000
[Description] Set a rapid traverse rate for each axis.
NOTE By setting the FML 10 bit (bit 7 of parameter 0049) to 1, the units of data can be multiplied by ten. Doing so causes the maximum value to change as follows: IS–A, IS–B: 100 [m/min] (4000 [inch/min]) IS–C: 12 [m/min] (480 [inch/min])
6.1 POSITIONING
General
Parameter
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
231
NOTE The rapid traverse rate cannot be specified in the address F.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.4.1 POSITIONING (G00)
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.4.1 POSITIONING (G00)
Note
Reference item
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
232
Tools can move along a line
A tools move along a line to the specified position at the feedrate specified in F. The feedrate specified in F is effective until a new value is specified. It need not be specified for each block. The feedrate commanded by the F code is measured along the tool path. If the F code is not commanded, the feedrate is regarded as zero. The feedrate of each axis direction is as follows.
F� � � L � f
F� � �
L � f
F� � �
L � f
Feed rate of α axis direction :
F� � � L � f
L � �2 � �2 � �2 � �2�
G01ααββγγζζ Ff ;
Feed rate of γ axis direction :
Feed rate of β axis direction :
Feed rate of ζ axis direction :
The feedrate of the rotary axis is commanded in the unit of deg/min (if the feedrate is 12 deg/min, F12.0 is commanded).
When the straight line axis α(such as X, Y, or Z) and the rotating axis β (such as A, B, or C) are linearly interpolated, the feed rate is that in which the tangential feed rate in the α and β cartesian coordinate system is commanded by F(mm/min). β–axis feedrate is obtained ; at first, the time required for distribution is calculated by using the above fromula, then the β –axis feedrate unit is changed to deg/min.
A calculation example is as follows.
202 � 402�
300
40 deg 0.14907 min
The feed rate for the C axis is
0.14907 (min)�
268.3 deg�min�
G91 G01 X20.0B40.0 F300.0 ; This changes the unit of the C axis from 40.0 deg to 40mm with metric input. The time required for distribution is calculated as follows:
(Example)
In simultaneous 3 axes control, the feed rate is calculated the same way as in 2 axes control.
6.2 LINEAR INTERPOLATION
General
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
233
#7 0011
#6 G01
#5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
G01 Mode entered when the power is turned on or when the control is cleared 0 : G00 mode (positioning) 1 : G01 mode (linear interpolation)
0527 Maximium cutting feedrate for all axes
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Specify the maximum cutting feedrate. A feedrate in the tangential direction is clamped in cutting feed so that it does not exceed the feedrate specified in this parameter.
0549 Cutting feedrate when the power is turned on (M series)
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.01 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
When the machine requires little change in cutting feedrate during cutting, a cutting feedrate can be specified in the parameter. This eliminates the need to specify a cutting feedrate in the NC command data.
No. Message Description
011 NO FEEDRATE COMMAN- DED
Cutting feedrate was not commanded or the feedrate was inadequate. Modify the program.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.4.3 LINEAR INTERPOLATION (G01)
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.4.2 LINEAR INTERPOLATION (G01)
Parameter
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
Alarm and message
Reference item
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
234
The command below can move a tool along a circular arc in the defined plane.
“Clockwise”(G02) and “counterclockwise”(G03) on the XpYp plane (ZpXp plane or YpZp plane) are defined when the XpYp plane is viewed in the positive–to–negative direction of the Zp axis (Yp axis or Xp axis, respectively) in the Cartesian coordinate system. See the figure below.
Yp
G02
G03
G17 G18 G19
G02
G03
G02
G03
Yp
Xp Zp
ZpXp
The end point of an arc is specified by address Xp, Yp or Zp, and is expressed as an absolute or incremental value according to G90 or G91. For the incremental value, the distance of the end point which is viewed from the start point of the arc is specified with a sign.
The arc center is specified by addresses I, J, and K for the Xp, Yp, and Zp axes, respectively. The numerical value following I, J, or K, however, is a vector component in which the arc center is seen from the start point, and is always specified as an incremental value, as shown below. I, J, and K must be signed according to the direction.
End point (x,y)
Center
Start point
End point (z,x) End point (y,z)
Start point
Start point
Center Center
i x
y x z
k
z y
j
j i k
I0,J0, and K0 can be omitted. When Xp, Yp , and Zp are omitted (the end point is the same as the start point) and the center is specified with I, J, and K, a 360� arc (circle) is specified. G02I; Command for a circle If, when the RADCHK bit (bit 6 of parameter 0393) is set to 1, the difference in the radius between the start and end points exceeds the value set in parameter 0876, alarm No. 020 is issued.
6.3 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION
General
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
235
The distance between an arc and the center of a circle that contains the arc can be specified using the radius, R, of the circle instead of I, J, and K. In this case, one arc is less than 180�, and the other is more than 180� are considered.
For T series, an arc with a sector angle of 180� or wider cannot be specified (Alarm 023). For M series, specify an arc more than 180� with a negative radius value commanded.
If Xp, Yp, and Zp are all omitted, if the end point is located at the same position as the start point and when R is used, an arc of 0°is programmed. G02R_ ; (The tool does not move.)
r=50mm
End point
Start point r=50mm
Y
X
(1)
(Example) (T series) For arc �(1) (less than 180 �)
G02 W60.0 U10.0 R50.0 F300.0 ; For arc (2) (greater than 180 �)
An arc with a sector angle of 180 ° or wider cannot be specified within a single block.
(2)
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
236
r=50mm
End point
Start point r=50mm Y
X
(Example) (M series) For arc �(1)(less than 180 �)
G91 G02 X60.0 Y20.0 R50.0 F300.0 ; For arc (2)(greater than 180 �)
G91 G02 XP60.0 YP20.0 R–50.0 F300.0 ;
(1)
(2)
The feedrate in circular interpolation is equal to the feedrate specified by the F code, and the feedrate along the arc (the tangential feedrate of the arc) is controlled to be the specified feedrate. The error between the specified feedrate and the actual tool feedrate is ±2% or less. However, this feedrate is measured along the arc after the cutter compensation (M series) or tool nose radius compensation (T series) is applied.
0212 Plane selected at power–up (M series)
[Data type] None
[Valid data range] 0 to 2
[Description] Set one of the following as the plane that will be selected at power–up:
Setting value Selected plane
0 X – Y plane (G17)
1 Z – X plane (G18)
2 Y – Z plane (G19)
Parameter
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
237
0279 Setting of 3rd axis in the basic coordinate system (T series)
Setting of 4th axis in the basic coordinate system (M series)
0280 Setting of 4rd axis in the basic coordinate system (T series)
NOTE When this parameter is set, power must be turned off before operation is continued.
[Data type] Byte
To determine the following planes used for circular interpolation, cutter compensation C (for the M series), tool nose radius compensation (for the T series), etc.
G17: Plane Xp–Yp
G18: Plane Zp–Xp
G19: Plane Yp–Zp Set value Meaning
2 Y axis of the basic three axes (Only for T series)
5 Axis parallel to the X axis
6 Axis parallel to the Y axis
7 Axis parallel to the Z axis
#7 0393
#6 RADCHK
#5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
RADCHK When a circular interpolation command is specified, the difference in the radius between the start and end points is: 1 : Checked. 0 : Not checked.
0876 Tolerance of arc radius
[Data type] Two–word
Increment system IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Metric input 0.01 0.001 0.0001 mm
Inch input 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 inch
[Valid data range] 1 to 99999999
When a circular interpolation command (G02, G03) is executed, the tolerance for the radius between the start point and the end point is set. If the difference of radii between the start point and the end point exceeds the tolerance set here, a P/S alarm No. 20 is informed.
[Unit of data]
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
238
������ Message Description
011 NO FEEDRATE COM- MANDED
Cutting feedrate was not commanded or the feedrate was inadequate. Modify the program.
020 OVER TOLERANCE OF RADIUS
In circular interpolation (G02 or G03), difference of the distance between the start point and the center of an arc and that between the end point and the center of the arc exceeded the value specified in parameter No. 3410.
021 ILLEGAL PLANE AXIS COMMANDED
An axis not included in the selected plane (by using G17, G18, G19) was commanded in circular interpolation. Modify the program.
023 ILLEGAL RADIUS COM- MAND
(T series)
In circular interpolation by radius des- ignation, negative value was com- manded for address R. Modify the program.
025 CANNOT COMMAND F0 IN G02/G03
(M series)
F0 (rapid traverse) was instructed by F1 –digit command in circular inter- polation. Modify the program.
028 ILLEGAL PLANE SE- LECT
In the plane selection command, two or more axes in the same direction are commanded. Modify the program.
NOTE 1 The U, V and W axes (parallel with the basic axis) can be
used with G–code system B and C. (T series) 2 If I, J, K, and R addresses are specified simultaneously, the
arc specified by address R takes precedence and the other are ignored.
3 If an axis not comprising the specified plane is commanded, an alarm is displayed. For example, when G code system B or C is used, if U axis with X axis is specified as a parallel axis to X axis when plane XY is specified, an alarm (No.028)is displayed.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.4.4 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (G02,G03)
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.4.3 CIRCULAR INTERPOLATION (G02,G03)
Alarm and message
Note
Reference item
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
239
Tool movement can be synchronized with spindle rotation when cutting threads.
The spindle speed is continuously read through the position coder attached to the spindle. Then, it is converted to a cutting feedrate (feed per minute) to feed the tool.
L
���� � � � ����
L
L
�� ���� ����� ������ � ����
L : Lead
In general, thread cutting is repeated along the same tool path in rough cutting through finish cutting for a screw. Since thread cutting starts when the position coder mounted on the spindle outputs a 1–turn signal, threading is started at a fixed point and the tool path on the workpiece is unchanged for repeated thread cutting. Note that the spindle speed must remain constant from rough cutting through finish cutting. If not, incorrect thread lead will occur.
[Function] This signal indicates that thread cutting is in progress.
[Output condition] This signal turns to “1” in the following cases: � Thread cutting mode in progress � Thread cutting cycle for turning
This signal turns to “0” in the following case. � Neither thread cutting mode nor thread cutting are in progress.
6.4 THREAD CUTTING
6.4.1 Thread Cutting
General
Signal
Thread cutting signal THRD<F188#3>(T series)
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
240
#7 F188
#6 #5 #4 #3 THRD
#2 #1 #0
#7 0024
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 SCTO
#1 #0
[Data type] Bit
SCTO The spindle speed arrival signal (G120#4 SAR) is: 0 : Not checked 1 : Checked
#7 0065
#6 #5 G92ZAX
#4 #3 #2 #1 #0 (T series)
G92ZAX Parameters for the Z–axis time constant and acceleration/deceleration lower limit (FL) in threading (G92): 0 : Parameters common to all axes 1 : Parameters 0627 and 0628
0526 Time constant of threading (G92) for the X–axis (T series)
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data] msec
[Valid data range] 1 to 4000
[Description] Set a time constant of threading (G92) for the X–axis.
NOTE Set an optimum value, considering parameter 0528.
0627 Time constant of exponetial acceleration/deceleration in the thread cutting cycle for Z axis
(T series)
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data] ms
[Valid data range] 0 to 4000
Set the time constant used for exponential acceleration/deceleration in the thread cutting cycle (G92) for Z axis.
Signal address
Parameter
� Setting the time constant for the threading cycle
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
241
0528 FL rate of acceleration/deceleration in the thread cutting cycle for X axis (T series)
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set the FL rate of acceleration/deceleration in the thread cutting cycle (G92) for X axis.
NOTE Set an optimum value, considering parameter 0526.
0628 FL rate of exponential acceleration/deceleration in the thread cutting cycle for Z axis
(T series)
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set the lower limit (FL rate) of acceleration/deceleration in the thread cutting cycle (G92) for each axis.
0109 Chamfering distance in the thread cutting cycles G76 and G92 (T series)
[Data type] Byte
[Unit of data] 0.1 pitch
[Valid data range] 0 to 127
This parameter sets the chamfering in the thread cutting cycles G76 and G92.
� Setting the FL feedrate for the thread cutting cycle
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
� Setting the chamfering distance for the thread cutting cycle
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
242
0725 Minimium depth of cut in the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76 (T series)
[Data type] Two–word
Increment system IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Metric input 0.01 0.001 0.001 mm
Inch input 0.001 0.0001 0.0001 inch
[Valid data range] 0 to 99999999
This parameter sets the minimum depth of cut in the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76.
0726 Finishing allowance in the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76 (T series)
[Data type] Two–word
Increment system IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Metric input 0.01 0.001 0.001 mm
Inch input 0.001 0.0001 0.0001 inch
[Valid data range] 0 to 99999999
This parameter sets the finishing allowance in the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76.
0723 Repetition count of final finishing in the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76 (T series)
[Data type] Two–word
[Unit of data] Cycle
[Valid data range] 1 to 99999999
This parameter sets the repetition count in the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76.
0724 Tool nose angle in the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76 (T series)
[Data type] Two–word
[Unit of data] Degree
[Valid data range] 0, 29, 30, 55, 60, 80
This parameter sets the tool nose angle in the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76.
� Setting the minimum depth of cut for the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76
[Unit of data]
� Setting the finishing allowance for the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76
[Unit of data]
� Setting the repetition count of finishing for the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76
� Setting the tool angle for the multiple repetitive canned cycle G76
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
243
WARNING 1. Feedrate override is ignored during thread cutting, 100%
being assumed. 2. During threading, spindle override is ignored, 100% being
assumed. 3. It is very dangerous to stop feeding the thread cutter without
stopping the spindle. This will suddenly increase the cutting depth. Thus, the feed hold function is ineffective while thread cutting. If the feed hold button is pressed during thread cutting, the tool will stop after a block not specifying thread cutting is executed as if the SINGLE BLOCK button were pushed. However, the feed hold lamp (SPL lamp) lights when the FEED HOLD button on the machine control panel is pushed. Then, when the tool stops, the lamp is turned off (Single Block stop status).
4. When the first non–threading block is executed after threading mode has been finished, and the feed hold button is pressed again (or the feed hold button has been held down), the execution of the non–threading block is stopped immediately.
5. When thread cutting is executed in the single block status, the tool stops after execution of the first block not specifying thread cutting.
6. When the previous block was a thread cutting block, cutting will start immediately without waiting for detection of the 1–turn signal even if the present block is a thread cutting block.
WARNING The thread cutting retract function is supported only for the threading cycle.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.4.7 CONSTANT LEAD THREADING
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.4.6 II.4.8 II.13.1.2 II.13.2.7
CONSTANT LEAD THREADING CONTINUOUS THREAD CUTTING Thread Cutting Cycle Multiple Thread Cutting Cycle
Warning
� Warnings applicable to both the M and T series
� Warning applicable to the T series only
Reference item
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
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When the automatic operation stop signal *SP <G121#5> is set to 0 during threading in a threading cycle, the tool immediately retracts while performing chamfering, then returns to the start point of the current cycle, first along the X–axis, then along the Z–axis.
Motion when the signal *SP is set to 0.
Stop point
Ordinary cycle
Rapid traverse
�� �� �� ��� �� � � �� � � � �
#7 0394
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 TFHOVR
#0
[Data type] Bit
TFHOVR Override while the tool is retracting in threading 0 : Override is effective. 1 : Override is not effective.
0109 Chamfering distance in thread cutting cycles G76 and G92
[Data type] Byte
[Unit of data] 0.1 pitch
[Valid data range] 0 to 127
This parameter sets the chamfering in thread cutting cycles G76 and G92.
6.4.2 Thread Cutting Cycle Retract (T series)
General
Parameter
� Setting to enable the override function during thread cutting cycle retraction
� Setting a chamfering distance in thread cutting cycle retraction
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
245
WARNING While the tool is retracting, automatic operation stop signal *SP <G121#5> is ignored.
NOTE The chamfering distance for retraction is determined by the setting of parameter No.0109.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe)
II.13.1.2 Thread Cutting Cycle (For Lathe) (B–61394E) II.13.2.7 Multiple Thread Cutting Cycle
Warning
Note
Reference item
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
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For accurate positioning without play of the machine (backlash), final positioning from one direction is available.
Start position
Temporary stop End position
Start position
Overrun distance
An overrun and a positioning direction are set by the parameter (Nos.0204 – 0207). Even when a commanded positioning direction coincides with that set by the parameter, the tool stops once before the end point.
#7 0029
#6 #5 #4 #3 G604
#2 G60Z
#1 G60Y
#0 G60X
G60x The approach direction for each axis in unidirectional positioning (G60) is: 0 : Positive. 1 : Negative.
6.5 SINGLE DIRECTION POSITIONING (M series)
General
Parameter
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0204 Approach distance along the X–axis in unidirectional positioning
0205 Approach distance along the Y–axis in unidirectional positioning
0206 Approach distance along the Z–axis in unidirectional positioning
0207 Approach distance along the fourth–axis in unidirectional positioning
Unit of data IS–A IS–B IS–C
Millimeter machine [mm] 0.1 0.01 0.01
Inch machine [inch] 0.01 0.001 0.001
Rotation axis [deg] 0.1 0.01 0.01
[Valid data range] 0 to 255 (For IS–C, the maximum value is 163.)
[Description] Set an approach distance for unidirectional positioning (G60) for each axis.
NOTE Set the approach direction for each axis in bits G60X to G604 (bits 0 to 3 of parameter 0029).
Example Unidirectional positioning when the approach direction is negative
Approach distance
Position of temporary stop
End point
– +
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.4.2 SINGLE DIRECTION POSITION- ING
[Unit of data]
Reference item
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
248
Helical interpolation which moved helically is enabled by specifying up to two other axes which move synchronously with the circular interpolation by circular commands.
The command method is to simply add one or two move command axes which is not circular interpolation axes. An F command specifies a feedrate along a circular arc. Therefore, the feedrate of the linear axis is as follows:
F × Length of linear axis
Length of circular arc
Determine the feedrate so that the linear axis feedrate does not exceed any of the various limit values.
Z
X Y
Tool path
The feedrate along the circumference of two cir- cular interpolated axes is the specified feedrate.
#7 0393
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0 HFC
HFC The feedrate for helical interpolation is: 0: The tangential velocity of circular interpolation is clamped to the
value specified in parameter 0527. The speed along a linear axis is calculated as follows:
Actual circular interpolation speed � Arc length
Segment length
1: The tangential velocity of circular interpolation is clamped to the value specified in parameter 0527.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.4.5 HELICAL INTERPOLATION
6.6 HELICAL INTERPOLATION (M SERIES)
General
Parameter
Reference item
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
249
Polar coordinate interpolation is a function that exercises contour control in converting a command programmed in a Cartesian coordinate system to the movement of a linear axis (movement of a tool) and the movement of a rotary axis (rotation of a workpiece). This function is useful for grinding a cam shaft.
G112 starts the polar coordinate interpolation mode and selects a polar coordinate interpolation plane (Fig. 6.7). Polar coordinate interpolation is performed on this plane.
Rotary axis (virtual axis) (unit�mm or inch)
Linear axis (unit:mm or inch)
Origin of the local coordinate system (G52 command) (Or origin of the workpiece coordinate system when a G52 command is not specified)
Fig. 6.7 Polar coordinate interpolation plane
When the power is turned on or the system is reset, polar coordinate interpolation is canceled (G113). The linear and rotation axes for polar coordinate interpolation must be set in parameters (No. 0291 and 0292) beforehand.
0291 Axis (linear axis) specification for polar coordinate interpolation
0292 Axis (rotary axis) specification for polar coordinate interpolarion
[Data type] Byte
[Valid data range] 1 to 4
These parameters set control axis numbers of linear and rotary axes to execute polar interpolation.
6.7 POLAR COORDINATE INTERPOLATION (T SERIES)
General
Parameter
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
250
0527 Maximum cutting feedrate for all axes
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ���� �� � �
� ��� � � � ���
��������� ������ ���� �� � �
� ��� � �� � ��
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Specify the maximum cutting feedrate.
A feedrate in the tangential direction is clamped in cutting feed so that it does not exceed the feedrate specified in this parameter.
0663 Maximum cutting feedrate during polar coordinate interpolation
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ���� �� � �
� ��� � � � ���
��������� ������ ���� �� � �
� ��� � �� � ��
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 0, 6 to 15000 0, 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 0, 6 to 6000 0, 6 to 4800
Rotation axis 1 deg/min 0, 6 to 15000 0, 6 to 12000
This parameter sets the upper limit of the cutting feedrate that is effective during polar coordinate interpolation. If a feedrate greater than the maximum feedrate is specified during polar coordinate interpolation, it is clamped to the feedrate specified by the parameter. When the setting is 0, the feedrate during polar coordinate interpolation is clamped to the maximum cutting feedrate usually specified with parameter 0527.
�� Message Description
145 ILLEGAL CONDITIONS IN POLAR COORDINATE INTERPOLATION
The conditions are incorrect when the polar coordinate interpolation starts or it is can- celed.
1) In modes other than G40, G112/G113 was specified.
2) An error is found in the plane selection. Parameters No. 0291 and No. 0292 are incorrectly specified.
Modify the value of program or parameter.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.4.4 POLAR COORDINATE INTER- POLATION (G112, G113)
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
Alarm and Message
Reference item
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
251
The amount of travel of a rotary axis specified by an angle is once internally converted to a distance of a linear axis along the outer surface so that linear interpolation or circular interpolation can be performed with another axis. After interpolation, such a distance is converted back to the amount of travel of the rotary axis. The cylindrical interpolation function allows the side of a cylinder to be developed for programming. So programs such as a program for cylindrical cam grooving can be created very easily. Only one rotation axis can be set for cylindrical interpolation.
0279 Attribute of 4th axis (M series)
[Valid data range] 5 to 7
[Description] Set the axis in the basic coordinate system for the 4th axis.
Setting value Attribute
5 Axis parallel to X axis
6 Axis parallel to Y axis
7 Axis parallel to Z axis
0279 Attribute of 3rd axis (T series)
0280 Attribute of 4th axis (T series)
[Valid data range] 2, 5 to 7
[Description] Set the axis in the basic coordinate system for the 3rd axis or 4th axis.
Setting value Attribute
2 Y axis of basic 3 axis
5 Axis parallel to X axis
6 Axis parallel to Y axis
7 Axis parallel to Z axis
6.8 CYLINDRICAL INTERPOLATION
General
Parameter
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
252
������ Message Description
175 ILLEGAL G107 COMMAND Conditions when performing cylindrical in- terpolation start or cancel not correct. To change the mode to the cylindrical inter- polation mode, specify the command in a format of “G107 rotation–axis name radius of cylinder.”
176 IMPROPER G–CODE IN G107
Any of the following G codes which cannot be specified in the cylindrical interpolation mode was specified.
1) G codes for positioning, such as G28, G76, G81 – G89, including the codes specifying the rapid traverse cycle
2) G codes for setting a coordinate system: G50, G52
3) G code for selecting coordinate system: G53, G54–G59
Modify the program.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.4.6 CYLINDRICAL INTERPOLATION (G07.1)
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.4.5 CYLINDRICAL INTERPOLATION (G07.1)
Alarm and Message
Reference item
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
253
Polygonal turning means machining a polygonal figure by rotating the workpiece and tool at a certain ratio.
Workpiece ToolWorkpiece
Fig. 6.9 (a) Polygonal turning
By changing conditions which are rotation ratio of workpiece and tool and number of cutters,the machining figure can be changed to a square or hexagon. The machining time can be reduced as compared with polygonal figure machining using C and X axes of the polar coordinate. The machined figure however, is not exactly polygonal. Generally, polygonal turning is used for the heads of square and/or hexagon bolts or hexagon nuts�
Fig. 6.9 (b) Hexagon bolt
This function controls the workpiece (spindle) and tool (rotation tool axis) so that the relationship between the spindle speed and tool speed is maintained at a constant ratio specified in a command given to the CNC.
(For the principle of polygonal turning, refer to Chapter 20, Part II of the “Operator’s Manual (For Lathe).”)
6.9 POLYGONAL TURNING (T SERIES)
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
254
One of the axes (servo axes) controlled by the CNC is assigned as a tool rotation axis. Either serial spindle or analog spindle can be used as a workpiece axis (spindle).
This section focuses on supplementary information and examples for the connection.
A position coder must be mounted on the spindle. However, polygonal turning requires no additional changes to the spindle connection (See Section 9.3.).
Polygonal turning uses the position coder feedback signal to control the positional relationship (cutting position) between the spindle and tool rotation axis, and the ratio of speed.
Bits #0 to #3 of parameter No. 0069 specifies the controlled axis (servo axis) to be used as the tool rotation axis.
The same parameter setting as for ordinary servo axes applies to the servo axis connection for polygonal turning except for some parameters.
A move command such as Y_ cannot be specified for the servo axis specified as a tool rotation axis, unlike the other controlled axes.
Only the command for reference position return, G28 V0; can be specified. See Chapter II.21 in the ”FANUC Series 0/00/0–Mate for Lathe Operator’s Manual” and the examples given below:
· The following descriptions exemplify typical parameter setting for polygonal turning using a serial pulse coder (with a million pulse capability).
→ The parameter setting described here is not a must for polygonal turning.
→ Specify typical values for parameters unless otherwise stated. � Tool rotation axis setting
This example uses the CNC’s fourth axis (connected as the Y–axis) as a rotation tool axis for polygonal turning.
Parameter PLGN4 (bit 1 of No.0069) =1
� Servo parameter setting
Set the servo parameters as listed below:
CMR = 1 DMR = 36/1000
(With the above setting, the reference counter capacity is 36000.)
Parameter No. 0103 = 2 (CMR) Parameter No. 0573 = 3600 (reference counter capacity) Parameter No. 8484 = 36 (DMR numerator) Parameter No. 8485 = 1000 (DMR denominator)
6.9.1 Polygonal Turning
General
� Spindle connection
� Tool rotation axis (servo axis) connection
� Examples of parameter setting
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
255
For the other servo parameters, specify typical values.
� Parameter setting for polygonal turning
The least command increment, detection unit, the angle to rotate through per rotation for the polygon axis are as follows:
Least command increment = L CMR� Q DMR�
Detection unit = DMR
least command increment =
L Q DMR�
Angle to rotate through per tool axis rotation
= 360
least command increment
where
L: Tool axis rotation angle per motor rotation (degrees), (360� speed increment ratio)
When the servo motor is connected directly to the rotation tool, for example, L = 360. When the tool speed is doubled, L = 720.
Q: Number of pulses per pulse coder rotation (For a serial pulse coder, Q = 1000000.)
The minimum command increment specified here is provided for the polygon axis only. This is determined irrespective of the ISA/ISC setting. However, IS–B should be specified.
If the servo motor is connected directly to the rotation tool:
Least command increment = 1000000 36�
360 � 1
1000
= 0.01 (degrees)
Detection unit = 0.01 (degrees)
Angle to rotate through per tool axis rotation = 360 0.01
= 36000
(degrees)
The upper limit to the tool rotation axis speed is:
Maximum servo motor speed� speed increment ratio
Therefore, if the maximum servo motor speed is 2000 rpm, and the servo motor is directly connected to the servo motor:
Upper limit to the tool rotation axis speed = 2000� 1 = 2000 (rpm)
This means the parameters must be set as follows:
No. 0778 = 36000 (angle to rotate through per tool axis rotation) No. 0667 = 2000 (upper limit to tool rotation axis speed)
� Feedrate parameter setting
Because the least command increment is 0.01 degrees, the input unit for the feedrate is 10 degrees/min.
To obtain a rapid traverse speed of 2000 rpm, for example, specify as follows:
No. 0521 = 72000 (= 2000� 360 10
)
Also specify other feedrates in 10 degrees/min units.
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
256
[Classification] Output signal
[Function] Informs the PMC that the machine is in the polygon turning mode.
[Output condition] The polygon synchronization signal is set to logical “1” by the polygon turning mode command (G251) and stays at “1” during the polygonal turning mode.
The signal is reset to logical “0” by the polygon turning mode reset command (G250) or a reset. It stays at logical “0” when the machine is not in the polygonal turning mode.
· Other signals (related to the tool rotation axis) → Some signals related to the CNC controlled axis used as the tool
rotation axis may be made ineffective depending on whether the machine is in the polygonal turning mode.
For these signals, read the note in Chapter II–21 in operator’s manual (B–61394E) for lathe.
#7 PSYNF160
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
(T series)
0067 Maximum allowable speed for the tool rotation axis (polygon synchronization axis) (T series)
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data] rpm
[Valid data range] For polygonal turning using servo motors: 0 to 1.2 � 108
set value of the parameter No. 0778
This parameter sets the upper–limit rotation speed of a tool rotation axis. The rotation speed of the tool rotation axis is clamped by the set upper–limit rotation speed during polygon turning. The spindle and tool rotation axis go out of synchronization when the rotation speed is clamped.
Signal
Polygon synchronization under way signal PSYN <F160#7>
Signal address
Parameter
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
257
#7 PLHZ0069
#6 #5 #4 #3 PLG8
#2 PLG7
#1 PLGN4
#0 PLGN3 (T series)
[Data type] Bit
PLGN3, PLGN4, As a synchronous axis used for polygonal turning, the third, fourth, PLG7, PLG8 seventh, or eighth axis is:
0: Not used. 1: Used.
NOTE Set any one axis.
PLHZ Synchronous axis using G28 command 0: Returns to the reference position in the same sequence as the manual
reference position return. 1: Returns to the reference position by positioning at a rapid traverse.
The synchronous axis returns to the reference position in the same sequence as the manual reference position return when no return–to–reference position is performed after the power is turned on.
0778 Movement of tool rotation axis per revolution (T series)
[Data type] Two–word
Increment system IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Rotation axis 0.01 0.001 0.0001 deg
[Valid data range] 1 to 9999999
This parameter sets the movement of a tool rotation axis per revolution.
������ Message Description
217 DUPLICATE G251 (COM- MANDS)
G251 is further commanded in the po- lygonal turning mode. Modify the pro- gram.
218 NOT FOUND P/Q COM- MAND IN G251
P or Q is not commanded in the G251 block, or the command value is out of the range. Modify the program.
219 COMMAND G250/G251 INDEPENDENTLY
G251 and G250 are not independent blocks.
220 ILLEGAL COMMAND IN SYNCHR–MODE
In the synchronous operation, move- ment is commanded by the NC pro- gram or PMC axis control interface for the synchronous axis.
221 ILLEGAL COMMAND IN SYNCHR–MODE
Polygon machining synchronous op- eration and Cs contouring control or balance cutting are executed at a time. Modify the program.
Alarm and message
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
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CAUTION 1 Before issuing a G251, rotate the spindle. If it is not rotating
when the G251 is issued, the program stops to wait for a one–rotation signal from the position coder on the spindle. This does not apply to a dry run.
2 A reset releases the polygonal turning mode. 3 Machine a workpiece at the same spindle speed until finish
machining for the workpiece.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.21 POLYGONAL TURNING
Caution
Reference item
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
259
When a tool with a rotation axis (4th axis) is moved in the XY plane during cutting, the normal direction control function can control the tool so that the 4th axis is always perpendicular to the tool path (Fig. 6.10).
Tool
Tool
Programmed tool pat�
Normal direction (in which the tool moves)
4th axi�
4th axi�
Fig. 6.10 Sample Movement of the tool
Movement of the 4th axis inserted at the beginning of each block is executed at the feedrate set in parameter 5481. If dry run mode is on at that time, the dry run feedrate is applied. If the tool is to be moved along the X–and Y–axes in rapid traverse (G00) mode, the rapid traverse rate is applied.
If the federate of the 4th axis exceeds the maximum cutting feedrate of the 4th axis specified to parameter No.0527, the federate of each of the other axes is clamped to keep the federate of the 4th axis below the maximum cutting feedrate of the 4th axis.
6.10 NORMAL DIRECTION CONTROL (M SERIES)
General
6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION B–61393E–2/02
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0527 Maximum cutting feedrate for all axes
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Specify the maximum cutting feedrate.
A feedrate in the tangential direction is clamped in cutting feed so that it does not exceed the feedrate specified in this parameter.
0683 Rotation feedrate of normal direction control axis
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data] 1 deg/min
[Valid data range] 1 to 15000
This parameter sets the feedrate of a normal direction control axis that is inserted at the start point of a block during normal direction control.
0832 Limit value that ignores the rotation insertion of normal direction control axis
[Data type] Two–word
Increment system IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Rotation axis 0.01 0.001 0.0001 deg
[Valid data range] 1 to 99999999
The rotation block of a normal direction control axis is not inserted when the rotation insertion angle calculated during normal direction control does not exceed this setting value. The ignored rotation angle is added to the next rotation insertion angle. The block insertion is then judged.
NOTE 1 No rotation block is inserted when 360 or more degrees are
set. 2 If 180 or more degrees are set, a rotation block is inserted
only when the circular interpolation is 180 or more degrees.
Parameter
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
[Unit of data]
B–61393E–2/02 6. INTERPOLATION FUNCTION
261
0833 Limit value of movement that is executed at the normal direction angle of a preceding block
[Data type] Two–word
Increment system IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Metric input 0.01 0.001 0.0001 mm
Inch input 0.001 0.0001 0.00001 inch
[Valid data range] 1 to 99999999
This parameter sets the limit value of movement at the normal direction angle of a preceding block.
N1
Tool center path N2
Movement Programmed path
For straight line Block N2 is machined with the tool being normal to block N1 when the movement of N2 in the figure on the left does not exceed the set value.
N3
Diameter
Programmed path
Tool center path N2 For arc
Arc N2 is machined with the tool being normal to block N1 when the arc diameter of N2 in the figure on the left does not exceed the setting value. A normal direction axis is not controlled to move in the normal direction according to the arc movement.
N1
N3
NOTE The helical interpolation option is required to use this function. Helical interpolation cannot be specified in the normal direction control mode.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.14.11 NORMAL DIRECTION CONTROL
[Unit of data]
Note
Reference item
B–61393E–2/02 7. FEEDRATE CONTROL/ACCELERATION
AND DECELERATION CONTROL
262
7 FEEDRATE CONTROL/ACCELERATION ANDDECELERATION CONTROL
B–61393E–2/02 7. FEEDRATE CONTROL/ACCELERATION
AND DECELERATION CONTROL
263
The feed functions control the feedrate of the tool. The following two feed functions are available:
1. Rapid traverse When the positioning command (G00) is specified, the tool moves at a rapid traverse rate set in the CNC (parameter Nos.0518 – 0521).
2. Cutting feed The tool moves at a programmed cutting feedrate.
Override can be applied to a rapid traverse rate or cutting feedrate using the switch on the machine operator’s panel.
The positioning command (G00) positions the tool by rapid traverse.
G00 IP_ ;
G00 : G code (group 01) for positioning (rapid traverse) IP_ ; Dimension word for the end point
In rapid traverse, the next block is executed after the specified rate becomes 0 and the servo motor reaches a certain range set by the MTB (in–position check). A rapid traverse rate is set for each axis by parameter Nos.0518 – 0521, so no rapid traverse rate need be programmed. The following overrides can be applied to a rapid traverse rate using the switch on the machine operator’s panel :F0, 25, 50, 100% F0: Allows a fixed feedrate to be set for all axes by parameter No.0533.
#7 0001
#6 RDRN
#5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
RDRN Dry run for rapid traverse command 0 : Disabled 1 : Enabled
#7 0393
#6 #5 STOV0
#4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
STOV0 When cutting feedrate override is 0% during rapid traverse, 0 : The machine tool does not stop moving. 1 : The machine tool stops moving.
7.1 FEEDRATE CONTROL
7.1.1 Rapid Traverse Rate
General
Parameter
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0518 Rapid traverse for X axis
0519 Rapid traverse for Y axis
0520 Rapid traverse for Z axis
0521 Rapid traverse for 4th axis
0643 Rapid traverse for 7th axis
0644 Rapid traverse for 8th axis
7518 Rapid traverse for 5th axis
7519 Rapid traverse for 6th axis
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 30 to 24000 30 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 30 to 9600 30 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 30 to 24000 30 to 12000
Set the rapid traverse rate for each axis.
NOTE By setting the FML 10 bit (bit 7 of parameter 0049) to 1, the units of data can be multiplied by ten. Doing so causes the maximum value to change as follows: IS–A, IS–B: 100 [m/min] (4000 [inch/min]) IS–C: 12 [m/min] (480 [inch/min])
Manual rapid traverse rate0559 – 0562
[Data type] Two–word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 30 to 24000 30 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 30 to 9600 30 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 30 to 24000 30 to 12000
Set the rate of manual rapid traverse for each axis when the rapid traverse override is 100% for each axis.
NOTE If 0 is set, the rate set in parameter No.0518 – 0521 is assumed.
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
B–61393E–2/02 7. FEEDRATE CONTROL/ACCELERATION
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OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.2 RAPID TRAVERSE
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.5.2 RAPID TRAVERSE
Reference item
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266
A common upper limit can be set on the cutting feedrate along each axis with parameter No.0527. If an actual cutting feedrate (with an override applied) exceeds a specified upper limit, it is clamped to the upper limit.
0527 Maximum cutting feedrate for all axes
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Specify the maximum cutting feedrate.
A feedrate in the tangential direction is clamped in cutting feed so that it does not exceed the feedrate specified in this parameter.
NOTE CNC calculation may involve a feedrate error of �2% with respect to a specified value. However, this is not true for acceleration/deceleration. To be more specific, this error is calculated with respect to a measurement on the time the tool takes to move 500 mm or more during the steady state:
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
7.1.2 Cutting Feedrate Clamp
General
Parameter
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
Note
Reference item
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267
After specifying G94 (G98 for T series) (in the feed per minute mode), the amount of feed of the tool per minute is to be directly specified by setting a number after F. G94 (G98 for T series) is a modal code. Once a G94 (G98 for T series) is specified, it is valid until G95 (G99 for T series) (feed per revolution) is specified. At power–on, the feed per minute mode (feed per revolution mode for T series) is set. An override from 0% to 254% (in 1% steps) can be applied to feed per minute with the feedrate override signal. Refer to manuals of machine tool builder for details.
Workpiece
Table
Tool
Feed amount per minute (mm/min or inch/min)
[M series]
Fig. 7.1.3 Feed per minute
WARNING No override can be used for any commands such as for threading.
For M series G94; G code for feed per minute (Group 05) F_; Feed rate (mm/min or inch/min)
For T series G98; G code for feed per minute (Group 05) F_; Feed rate (mm/min or inch/min)
7.1.3 Feed Per Minute
General
� Feed per minute (G94)
Format (M series)
Format (T series)
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#7 0077
#6 #5 HICFR
#4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
HICFR Cutting feedrates at feed per minute is specified by F commands 0 : In units of 1 mm/min for millimeter machines or 0.01 inches/min for
inch machines. 1 : In unit of 0.001 mm/min for millimeter machines or 0.00001
inches/min for inch machines.
NOTE M series are not equipped with this parameter. Cutting feedrates are specified by F commands in units of 0.001 mm/min for millimeter machines or 0.00001 inches/min for inch machines.
������ Message Description
011 NO FEEDRATE COM- MANDED
Feedrate was not commanded to a cutting feed or the feedrate was inad- equate. Modify the program.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
Parameter
Alarm and message
Reference item
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269
After specifying G95 (G99 for T series) (in the feed per revolution mode), the amount of feed of the tool per spindle revolution is to be directly specified by setting a number after F. G95 (G99 for T series) is a modal code. Once a G95 is specified, it is valid until G94 (G98 for T series) (feed per minute) is specified. An override from 0% to 254% (in 1% steps) can be applied to feed per revolution with the switch on the machine operator’s panel. For detailed information, see the appropriate manual of the machine tool builder.
Feed amount per spindle revolution (mm/rev or inch/rev)
F [T series]
Fig. 7.1.4 Feed per revolution
Jog feedrate can be specified by feed per revolution.
#7 0008
#6 #5 #4 MFPR
#3 #2 #1 #0 (T series)
[Data type] Bit
MFPR Jog feed 0 : Jog feed is performed at feed per minute. 1 : Jog feed is performed at feed per rotation.
CAUTION When the speed of the spindle is low, feedrate fluctuation may occur. The slower the spindle rotates, the more frequently feedrate fluctuation occurs.
7.1.4 Feed Per Revolution/ Manual Feed Per Revolution
General
� Feed per revolution
� Manual feed per revolution
Parameter
Caution
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270
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
Reference item
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271
When a one–digit number from 1 to 9 is specified after F, the feedrate set for that number in a parameter (Nos. 0788 to 0796) is used. When F0 is specified, the rapid traverse rate is applied. The feedrate corresponding to the number currently selected can be increased or decreased by turning on the switch for changing F1–digit feedrate on the machine operator’s panel, then by rotating the manual pulse generator. The increment/decrement, ∆F, in feedrate per scale of the manual pulse generator is as follows:
F � Fmax 100X
∆
Fmax : feedrate upper limit for F1–F4 set by parameter 0583, or feedrate upper limit for F5–F9 set by parameter 0584
X : any value of 1–127 set by parameter 0216 The feedrate set or altered is kept even while the power is off. The current feedrate is displayed on the CRT screen.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Increases or decreases F1-digit speed set by the parameters No. 0788 to 0796 using the manual pulse generator. Since the manual pulse generator may also be used for axis feeding, signal F1D (G140#7) designates which function may be used.
[Operation] When the signal is “1”, the F1–digit speed can be increased/decreased using the manual pulse generator.
#7 F1DG140
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0 (M series)
7.1.5 F1-digit Feed (M Series)
General
Signal
F1-digit feed select signal F1D <G140#7>
Signal address
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0216 Change of feedrate for one graduation on the manual pulse generator during F1 digit feed
[Data type] Byte
[Valid data range] 1 to 127
Set the constant that determines the change in feedrate as the manual pulse generator is rotated one graduation during F1-digit feed.
F � Fmaxi 100n
∆ (where, i=1 or 2)
In the above equation, set n. That is, the number of revolutions of the manual pulse generator, required to reach feedrate Fmaxi is obtained. Fmaxi refers to the upper limit of the feedrate for an F1-digit feed command, and set it in parameter 0583 or 0584.
Fmax1: Upper limit of the feedrate for F1 to F4 (parameter 0583)
Fmax2: Upper limit of the feedrate for F5 to F9 (parameter 0584)
0583 Upper limit of feedrate for the F1–digit feed command (F1 to F4)
0584 Upper limit of feedrate for the F1-digit feed command (F5 to F9)
[Data type] Two–word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set the upper limit of feedrate for the F1-digit feed command.
As the feedrate increases by turning the manual pulse generator, the feedrate is clamped when it reaches the upper limit set. If an F1-digit feed command F1 to F4 is executed, the upper limit is that set in parameter 0583. If an F1-digit command F5 to F9 is executed, the upper limit is that set in parameter 0584.
Parameter
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273
0788 Feedrate for F1 digit command F1
0789 Feedrate for F1 digit command F2
0790 Feedrate for F1 digit command F3
0791 Feedrate for F1 digit command F4
0792 Feedrate for F1 digit command F5
0793 Feedrate for F1 digit command F6
0794 Feedrate for F1 digit command F7
0795 Feedrate for F1 digit command F8
0796 Feedrate for F1 digit command F9
[Data type] Two–word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set Feedrates for F1-digit feed commands F1 to F9.
When an F1-digit feed command is executed, as the feedrate is changed by turning the manual pulse generator, these parameter values also change accordingly.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
Reference item
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274
An override of four steps (F0, 25%, 50%, and 100%) can be applied to the rapid traverse rate. F0 is set by a parameter (No.0533).
ÇÇ ÇÇ ÇÇ
ÇÇ ÇÇ
Rapid traverse rate10m/min
Override 50%
5m/min
Fig.<IP_ADDRESS> Rapid traverse override
Actual feedrate is obtained by multiplying the rapid traverse rate preset by parameter Nos.0518 to 0521 by the override value determined by this signal, whether in automatic or manual operation (including manual reference position return).
For F0 value, an absolute value is set by parameter No.0533 within a range of 0 to rapid traverse rate.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] These signals override the rapid traverse rate
[Operation] These code signals correspond to the rates as follows:
Rapid traverse override Override val e
ROV2 ROV1 Override value
0 0 100 %
0 1 50 %
1 0 25 %
1 1 Fo %
Fo: Set in parameter No.0533
7.1.6 Override
<IP_ADDRESS> Rapid traverse override
General
� Feedrate
� F0 rate
Signal
Rapid traverse override signal ROV1, ROV2 <G116#7, G117#7>
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275
#7 ROV1G116
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0
ROV2G117
#7 EAXOVE0078
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0 (M series)
[Data type] Bit
EAXOVE Dry run and override signals during axis control by the PMC 0 : Use the same signals as CNC
(1)Cutting feed override signal *OV1 to *OV128 (2)Override cancel signal OVC (3)Rapid traverse override signals ROV1 and ROV2 (4)Dry run signal DRN (5)Rapid traverse selection signal RT
1 : Use dedicated axis control signals by the PMC. (1)Cutting feed override signal *OV1E to *OV8E (2)Override cancel signal OVCE (3)Rapid traverse override signals ROV1E and ROV2E (4)Dry run signal DRNE (5)Rapid traverse selection signal RTE
0533 F0 rate of rapid traverse override
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set the F0 rate of the rapid traverse override.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
III.5.3 RAPID TRAVERSE OVERRIDE
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
III.5.3 RAPID TRAVERSE OVERRIDE
Signal address
Parameter
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
Reference item
B–61393E–2/02 7. FEEDRATE CONTROL/ACCELERATION
AND DECELERATION CONTROL
276
A programmed feedrate can be reduced or increased by a percentage (%) selected by the override dial.This feature is used to check a program. For example, when a feedrate of 100 mm/min is specified in the program, setting the override dial to 50% moves the tool at 50 mm/min.
Tool Check the machining by altering the feedrate from the value speci- fied in the program.
Feedrate 100 mm/min (Specified by programmed)
Feedrate 50 mm/min after feedrate override
Workpiece
Fig.<IP_ADDRESS> Feedrate override
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] These signals override the cutting feedrate. Eight binary code signals correspond to override values as follows:
Override value = Σ � 2i×Vi � % 7
i=0
Vi=0 when *OVi is “1” and Vi=1 when *OVi is “0”
These signals have the following weight.
*OV1=1%, *OV2=2%, *OV4=4%, *OV8=8%, *AOV16=16%, *AOV32=32%, *AOV64=64%, *AOV128=128%
When all signals are “0”, they are regarded as overriding 0% in the same way as when all signals are “1” . Thus, the override is selectable in steps over a range of 0 to 254%.
<IP_ADDRESS> Feedrate override
General
Signal
Feedrate Override signal *OV1 to *OV8 <G121#0 to G121#3> (T/M series) *AOV16 to *AOV128 <G116#4 to G116#6, G117#6>(M series) *AOVR16 to *AOVR128 <G140#4 to G140#7> (T series)
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[Operation] Actual feedrate is obtained by multiplying the speed specified in cutting feed in automatic operation mode by the override value selected by this signal. The override is regarded as 100%, regardless of this signal, in the following cases:
⋅Override cancel signal OVC is “1”. ⋅During cutting in tap cycle of canned cycle; ⋅Tapping mode (63); or ⋅Thread cutting is in progress.
#7 G116
#6 *AOV64
#5 *AOV32
#4 *AOV16
#3 #2 #1 #0 (M series)
G117 *AOV128 (M series)
G121 *OV8 *OV4 *OV2 *OV1
*AOVR128G140 *AOVR64 *AOVR32 *AOVR16 (T series)
#7 0393
#6 #5 STOV0
#4 #3 #2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
STOV0 When cutting feedrate override is 0% during rapid traverse, 0 : The machine tool does not stop moving. 1 : The machine tool stops moving.
#7 0397
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 OVR255
#1 #0 (T series)
OVR255 (M series)
OVR255 The signals of speed override in units of 1% (*AOVR16 to *AOVR128) are: 0 : Disabled. 1 : Enabled.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Lathe) (B–61394E)
II.5.3 CUTTING FEED
Signal address
Parameter
Reference item
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AND DECELERATION CONTROL
278
The rapid traverse rate can be overridden by selecting a rapid traverse override signal (ROV1D to ROV3D).
Machine contact status Override value
ROV3D ROV2D ROV1D When parameter OVRI is 0
When parameter OVRI is 1
0 0 0 100% 20%
0 0 1 50% 15%
0 1 0 25% 10%
0 1 1 F0 5%
1 0 0 5% F0
1 0 1 10% 25%
1 1 0 15% 50%
1 1 1 20% 100%
#7 G116
#6 ROV3D
#5 ROV2D
#4 ROV1D
#3 #2 #1 #0
#7 0003
#6 #5 #4 OVRI
#3 #2 #1 #0
OVRI 1 : When the override signal (*OV1 to *OV8, ROV1, ROV2, ROV1D to ROV3D) is set to 1, the speed increases.
0 : When the override signal (*OV1 to *OV8, ROV1, ROV2, ROV1D to ROV3D) is set to 0, the speed increases.
#7 0041
#6 #5 #4 #3 ROVB
#2 #1 #0
ROVB 1 : ROV1D to ROV3D are used as the rapid traverse override signals. (Enabled for PMC is used.)
0 : ROV1 and ROV2 are used as the rapid traverse override signals.
<IP_ADDRESS> Rapid traverse override B (T series)
General
Signal
[Operation]
Signal address
Parameter
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279
The override cancel signal fixes the feedrate override to 100%.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] Feedrate override is fixed to 100%.
[Operation] When the signal is “1”, the CNC operates as follows: ⋅ Feedrate override is fixed to 100% irrespective of feedrate override
signal.
⋅ Rapid traverse override and spindle speed override are not affected.
#7 G126
#6 #5 #4 OVC
#3 #2 #1 #0
<IP_ADDRESS> Override cancel
General
Signal
Override cancel signal OVC<G126#4>
Signal address
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280
When G62 is specified, and the tool path with cutter compensation applied forms an inner corner, the feedrate is automatically overridden at both ends of the corner. There are four types of inner corners (Fig. 7.1.7). 2,�θ�θp�178, in Fig. 7.1.7 θp is a value set with parameter No. 0215. When θ is approximately equal to θp, the inner corner is determined with an error of 0.001,or less.
θ
�Cutter center path
�Tool
�Programmed path
θ
θ
θ
1. Straight line–straight line 2. Straight line–arc
3. Arc–straight line 4. Arc–arc
Fig. 7.1.7 (a) Inner corner
WARNING When the block before a corner is a start–up block, or the block after a corner includes G41 or G42, the feedrate is not overridden. The feedrate override function is disabled when the offset value is 0.
7.1.7 Automatic Corner Override (M series)
General
� Inner corner automatic override
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An override value is set with parameter No. 0214. An override value is valid even for dry run and F1–digit feed specification. In the feed per minute mode, the actual feedrate is as follows:
F × (inner corner automatic override) × (feedrate override)
For internally offset circular cutting, the feedrate on a programmed path is set to a specified feedrate (F) by specifying the circular cutting feedrate with respect to F, as indicated below. This function is valid in the cutter compensation mode, regardless of the G62 code.
F � Rc Rp
Rc : Cutter center path radius Rp : Programmed radius
It is also valid for the dry run and the F1–digit feed command.
��
RP
Programmed path
Cutter center path
Fig. 7.1.7 (b) Internal circular cutting feedrate change
If Rc is much smaller than Rp, Rc/Rp�0; the tool stops. A minimum deceleration ratio (MDR) is to be specified with parameter No. 0213. When Rc/Rp�MDR, the feedrate of the tool is (F×MDR).
CAUTION When internal circular cutting must be performed together with automatic override for inner corners, the feedrate of the tool is as follows:
(inner corner override)× (feedrate override)F � Rc Rp
�
� Override value
� Internal Circular Cutting Feedrate Change
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0213 Minimum deceleration ratio (MDR) of the inner circular cutting rate in automatic corner override
[Data type] Byte
[Unit of data] %
[Valid data range] 1 to 100
Set the minimum deceleration ratio (MDR) in changing the inner circular cutting feedrate by automatic corner override.
In circular cutting with an inward offset, the actual feedrate for a specified feedrate (F) becomes as follows:
F� Rc Rp
� Rc: Radius of the path of the cutter’s center Rp: Programmed radius
As the actual feedrate becomes the value obtained from the above equation, the specified rate F can be achieved on the program path.
Programmed path
Cutter center path
Rc
Rp
If Rc is too samall in comparison with Rp so that Rc Rp
�0, the cutter will
stop. To prevent this, the minimum deceleration ratio (MDR) is set.
When Rc Rp
�0,
the actural rate becomes as follows: F × (MDR)
0214 Amount of automatic override for an inner corner
[Data type] Byte
[Unit of data] %
[Valid data range] 1 to 100 (standard value = 50) Set inner corner automatic override value when automatic corner override is performed.
0215 Angle (�p) to recognize the inner corner in automatic override
[Data type] Byte
[Unit of data] Degree
[Valid data range] 1 to 179 (standard value = 91) Set the angle to recognize the inner corner when automatic corner override is performed for the inner corner
Parameter
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0580 Distance Le from the starting point in inner corner automatic override
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data]
Increment system IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Input in mm 1 0.1 0.01 mm
Input in inches 0.1 0.01 0.001 inch
[Valid data range] 0 to 3999
Set distance Le from the starting point in an inner comer for automatic corner override.
0581 Distance Ls up to the ending point in inner corner automatic override
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data] Increment system IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Input in mm � ��� ���� mm
Input in inches ��� ���� ����� inch
[Valid data range] 0 to 3999
Set distance Ls up to the end point in an inner corner for automatic corner override. If �� �p, the inside of a comer is recognized. (� is set in parameter 0215.) When an inner corner is recognized, the feedrate is overridden in the range of Le in the block immediately before the intersection of the corner and Ls in the next block following the intersection. Ls and Le are each a straight line connecting the intersection of the corner and a given point on the path of the cutter’s center. Ls and Le are set in parameters 0580 and 0581.
An override is applied from point a to b.
Programmed path
Cutter center path
LsLe
a bθ
Fig. 7.1.7 (c) Distance Le and Ls in the automatic corner override at an inner corner
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center)
II.5.4.2 Automatic Override for Inner Corners (For Machining Center) (B–61404E) II.5.4.3 Internal Circular Cutting Feedrate Change
Reference item
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284
These signals decelerate the feedrate of the control axes down to the speed which has been set by parameter No. 0636.
[Classification] Input signal
[Function] These signals are used to apply deceleration; provided for each direction of each control axis; +/� indicates the direction, while the signal number corresponds to the number of the controlled axis.
*
X … The X axis is decelerated.
Y … The Y axis is decelerated.
Z … The Z axis is decelerated.
+ … The feed is decelerated in the plus (+) direction.
– … The feed is decelerated in the minus (–) direction.
EDC+ �
[Operation] When a signal becomes “0”, the corresponding axis decelerate to stop in the specified direction. If the speed with the signal set to 1 is lower, the speed does not change. (Acceleration will not occur.) The override function is disabled for external deceleration.
#7 G138
#6 #5 #4 *–EDCZ
#3 *–EDCX
#2 #1 *+EDCZ
#0 *+EDCX (T series)
G138 *–EDCZ *–EDCY *–EDCX *+EDCZ *+EDCY *+EDCX (M series)
7.1.8 External Deceleration
General
Signal
External deceleration signal *+EDCX to *–EDCZ<G138>
Signal address
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#7 0059
#6 #5 #4 EDMZ
#3 EDMX
#2 #1 EDPZ
#0 EDPX (T series)
0059 EDMZ EDMY EDMX EDPZ EDPY EDPX (M series)
[Data type] Bit
EDPx External deceleration signal in the positive direction for each axis 0 : Valid only for rapid traverse 1 : Valid for rapid traverse and cutting feed
EDMx External deceleration signal in the negative direction for each axis 0 : Valid only for rapid traverse 1 : Valid for rapid traverse and cutting feed
0636 External deceleration rate
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set the external deceleration rate.
Parameter
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When an arc is cut at a high speed in circular interpolation, a radial error exists between the actual tool path and the programmed arc. An approximation of this error can be obtained from the following expression:
0
�
�
r
� �Error
� �Maximum radial error (mm) �Feedrate (mm/s) �Arc radius (mm) ��Time constant (s) for exponential acceleration/deceleration of
cutting feed ��Time constant of the servo motor (s)
� � � � �� �
�� 2 1
�
Programmed path
Actual path
When actual machining is performed, radius r of the arc to be machined and permissible error�r are given. Then, maximum allowable feedrate v (mm/min) is determined from the above expression.
The function for clamping the feedrate by the arc radius automatically clamps the feedrate of arc cutting to the value set in a parameter. This function is effective when the specified feedrate may cause the radial error for an arc with a programmed radius to exceed the permissible degree of error.
0495 Maximum feedrate for arc radius R
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ���� �� � �
� ��� � � � ���
.��������� ������ ���� �� � � � ��� � �� � ��
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Set a maximum feedrate for the arc radius set in parameter No. 0863. Set this parameter when the function for clamping the feedrate by an arc radius is supported.
7.1.9 ����� �� �� ����� ��
��� ���� (M Series)
General
Parameter
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0496 Minimum value (RV min) for arc radius–based feedrate clamp
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
The arc radius–based feedrate clamping function reduces the maximum feedrate as the arc radius decreases. When the specified maximum feedrate is not greater than RV min (minimum value for arc radius–based feedrate clamping), RV min is used as the maximum feedrate.
0863 Arc radius value corresponding to a maximum feedrate
[Data type] Two–word
[Unit of data]
Unit IS–A IS–B IS–C Unit
Linear axis (millimeter machine)
0.01 0.001 0.0001 mm
Linear axis (inch machine)
0.001 0.0001 0.00001 inch
[Valid data range] 1000 to 99999999
Set the arc radius corresponding to the maximum feedrate set in parameter No. 0495.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.9 FEEDRATE CLAMP BY CIRCLE RADIUS
Reference item
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This function automatically controls the feedrate during corner machining according to the angle of a corner made by machining blocks or according to the feedrate difference for each axis.
This function is enabled when G64 (machining) mode is selected and deceleration of the first of two consecutive cutting feed blocks is executed.
Feedrate control can be performed according to the angle of a corner made by machining blocks or according to the feedrate difference for each axis. The desired method is selected by specifying the corresponding value in the CHEAFD bit (bit 3 of parameter No. 0395).
If the angle made by blocks A and B is smaller than that specified in parameter No. 0865 (for the selected plane), and if the feedrate is lower than that specified in parameter No. 0482, the system executes block B, assuming that no pulses are accumulated.
The figure shows the relationship between feedrate and time when a corner angle is smaller than the angle specified in the parameter.
At time t, some accumulated pulses remain, as indicated by the shaded part. The system, however, starts the next block because the feedrate of the automatic acceleration/deceleration circuit is lower than that specified in the parameter.
Time
Feedrate specified in parameter No. 0482
Feedrate
t
Block A Block B
7.1.10 Automatic Corner Deceleration (M series)
General
Feedrate control according to corner angle
� Overview
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� When linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation for cutting feed is enabled
If the angle made by blocks A and B is smaller than that specified in parameter No. 0865 (for the selected plane), and if the feedrates programmed for blocks A and B are higher than the value set in parameter No. 0482, the feedrate is reduced to the value specified in the parameter in block A. In block B, the feedrate is increased to the programmed feedrate. The rate of acceleration depends on the parameter for linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation for cutting feed.
Speed ���� ����
���
����� ��� �� ��������� ���� �����
#7 0393
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0 FERDT
[Data type] Bit
FERDT Function for automatically reducing the feedrate at corners (automatic corner override function) 0 : The function is not used. 1 : The function is used.
#7 0395
#6 #5 #4 #3 CHEAFD
#2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
CHEAFD In the function for automatically reducing a feedrate at corners, 0 : Angles are used for controlling the feedrate. 1 : Differences in feedrates are used for controlling the feedrate.
0482 Feedrate for assuming the termination of automatic corner deceleration
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set the feedrate for assuming the termination of deceleration in automatic corner deceleration.
� Parameter
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0865 Critical angle subtended by two blocks for automatic corner deceleration
[Data type] Two–word
[Unit of data] 0.001 deg
[Valid data range] 0 to 180000 Set a critical angle to be subtended by two blocks for corner deceleration when the angle–based automatic corner deceleration function is used.
The angle subtended by two blocks is defined as� in the examples shown below.
θ θ
Block A (G01)
Block B (G01)
Angle made by two lines
Block A (G02)
Block B(G01)
If a circular path is included, the angle between the tangent of the arc and another line is considered.
CAUTION 1 The angle of the machining tool path is compared with that
specified in parameter No. 0865 only for the X–Y plane. The actual feedrate and that specified in parameter No. 0482 are compared only for the X and Y axes of the X–Y plane. Even if simultaneous movement is performed along three or more axes, the feedrates of only the X and Y axes are compared for the X–Y plane.
2 The roundness of a corner is determined by the angle and feedrate specified in parameter Nos. 0865 and 0482, respectively. If a sharp corner is always required, set a feedrate of zero and an angle of 180000 (180 degrees).
3 If a G09 (exact stop) command is executed, an exact stop is performed, irrespective of the angle and feedrate specified in parameter Nos.0865 and 0482.
4 This function is disabled in single block and dry run mode.
Caution
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If the difference between the programmed feedrates at the end of block A and at the beginning of block B for each axis exceeds the value specified in parameter No. 0483, and if the feedrates for all axes are lower than that specified in parameter No. 0482, the system executes block B, assuming that no pulses are accumulated.
The figure shows the relationship between the feedrate and time when the feedrate difference for each axis exceeds the value specified in parameter No. 0483.
At time t, some accumulated pulses remain, as indicated by the shaded section. The system, however, starts the next block because the feedrate of the automatic acceleration/deceleration circuit is lower than that specified in parameter No. 0482.
Speed set by parameter (No. 0482)
t Time
�����
� �� � � �� �
� When linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation for cutting feed is enabled
If the difference between the feedrates of blocks A and B for each axis exceeds the value specified in parameter No. 0483, the feedrate at the corner is calculated from the difference for each axis, as shown below. The feedrate is reduced to the calculated value in block A.
The feedrate change for each axis (Vc[X], Vc[Y], ...), caused by the movement at programmed feedrate F, is compared with Vmax specified in parameter No. 0483. If an feedrate change exceeding Vmax is detected, the target feedrate after deceleration Fc is calculated, using maximum comparison value Rmax.
R = Vc Vmax
Fc = F Rmax
If, for example, the direction of movement is changed from the X–axis to the Y–axis, that is through 90 degrees, and if the programmed feedrate is 1000 mm/min and the permissible feedrate difference specified in parameter No. 0483 is 500 mm/min, the deceleration shown below is performed:
Feedrate control according to the feedrate difference for each axis � Overview
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N2
N1 G01 G91 X100. F1000 ;
N2 Y100. ;
N1 Tool path if corner deceleration is not applied
← Tool path when corner deceleration was applied
F1000
Without corner deceleration With corner deceleration
F500
F500
F500
N1 N2 Time
N2 Time
N1 Time
Speed
F1000
Speed
F1000 Speed
Feedrate along X axis
Feedrate along Y axis
Feedrate along tangential direction
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#7 0393
#6 #5 #4 #3 #2 #1 #0 FERDT
[Data type] Bit
FERDT Function for automatically reducing the feedrate at corners (automatic corner override function) 0 : The function is not used. 1 : The function is used.
#7 0395
#6 #5 #4 #3 CHEAFD
#2 #1 #0
[Data type] Bit
CHEAFD In the function for automatically reducing a feedrate at corners, 0 : Angles are used for controlling the feedrate. 1 : Differences in feedrates are used for controlling the feedrate.
0482 Feedrate for assuming the termination of automatic corner deceleration
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set the feedrate for assuming the termination of deceleration in automatic corner deceleration.
0483 Allowable speed difference for the speed difference–based automatic corner deceleration function
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Set the speed difference for the speed difference–based automatic corner deceleration function.
� Parameter
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CAUTION 1 Even during dry run or external deceleration, the feedrate
difference is checked according to the F command in the program.
2 If the G09 (exact stop) command is executed, an exact stop is performed, irrespective of the values specified for the parameters.
3 This function is invalid for the feed per rotation command, F1–digit feed command, and rigid tapping command, as well as in single block mode.
4 If the override is changed during operation, the feedrate difference cannot be checked correctly.
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.5.8 AUTOMATIC CORNER DECELERATION
Caution
Reference item
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This function is designed for high–speed precise machining. With this function, the delay due to acceleration/deceleration and the delay in the servo system which increase as the feedrate becomes higher can be suppressed. The tool can then follow specified values accurately and errors in the machining profile can be reduced. This function becomes effective when advanced preview control mode is entered by G08P1 command.
In advanced preview control mode, the following functions are available:
(1)Linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation for cutting feed
(2)Automatic corner deceleration function
(3)Block overlap function
(4)Look–ahead feed forword
For details on the above functions, see the descriptions of the functions.
#7 0395
#6 FWBTYP
#5 #4 #3 CHEAFD
#2 LSUP2
#1 #0
[Data type] Bit
LSUP2 Acceleration/deceleration after interpolation for cutting feed in the advanced preview control mode 0 : Exponential acceleration/deceleration 1 : Linear acceleration/deceleration. (The function for linear
acceleration/deceleration after interpolation for cutting feed is required.)
CHEAFD In the function for automatically reducing a feedrate at corners, 0 : Angles are used for controlling the feedrate. 1 : Differences in feedrates are used for controlling the feedrate.
FWBTYP Cutting feed acceleration/deceleration before interpolation 0 : Type A of acceleration/deceleration before interpolation is used. 1 : Type B of acceleration/deceleration before interpolation is used.
Type A: When a feedrate is to be changed by a command, acceleration/ deceleration starts after the program enters the block in which the command is specified.
Type B: When a feedrate is to be changed by a command, deceleration starts and terminates at the block before the block in which the command is specified. When a feedrate is to be changed by a command, acceleration starts after the program enters the block in which the command is specified.
7.1.11 Advanced Preview Control (M Series)
General
� Available functions
Parameter
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Feedrate Feedrate
Time
Type B
Type A
Time
F3
F2
F1 N1 N2
F3
F2
F1 N1 N2
Specified feedrate
Feedrate after accelera- tion/deceleration before interpolation is applied
Specified feedrate
Feedrate after accelera- tion/deceleration before interpolation is applied
<Example of a deceleration process> <Example of an acceleration process>
0483 Allowable speed difference for the speed difference based corner deceleration function (for linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation)
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Set the speed difference for the speed difference based automatic corner deceleration function when linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation is used.
0485 Parameter 1 for setting an acceleration for linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation in the advanced preview control mode (maximum machining speed during linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation)
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
This parameter is used to set an acceleration for linear acceleration/ deceleration before interpolation in the advanced preview control mode. In this parameter, set the maximum machining speed during linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation. Set the time used to reach the maximum machining speed in parameter No. 0486.
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Parameter 2 (No. 0486)
Speed
Time
Parameter1
(No. 0485)
CAUTION When 0 is set in parameter No. 0485 or parameter No. 0486, linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation is disabled.
0486 Parameter 2 for setting an acceleration for linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation in the advanced preview control mode (time used to reach the maxi- mum machining speed during linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation)
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data] 1 ms
[Valid data range] 0 to 4000
This parameter is used to set an acceleration for linear acceleration/decel- eration before interpolation in the advanced preview control mode. In this parameter, set the time (time constant) used to reach the speed set in pa- rameter No. 0485.
CAUTION 1 When 0 is set in parameter No. 0485 or parameter No. 0486,
linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation is disabled.
2 In parameter Nos. 0485 and 0486, set values that satisfy the following: Parameter No. 0485/Parameter No. 0486 �5
0487 Minimum speed for the automatic corner deceleration function (for the advanced preview control)
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
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Set a speed at which the number of buffered pulses in deceleration is as- sumed to be 0 when linear acceleration/deceleration before interpolation is used.
0864 Critical angle subtended by two blocks for automatic corner deceleration (for the advanced preview control)
[Data type] Two–word
[Unit of data] 0.001 deg
[Valid data range] 0 to 180000
Set a critical angle to be subtended by two blocks for corner deceleration when the angle–based automatic corner deceleration function is used. The angle subtended by two blocks is defined as� in the examples shown below.
Block A (G01)
θ θ
Angle subtended by two straight lines
Block A (G02)
Block B (G01)
Block B (G01)
Angle subtended an arc tangent and straight line
0877 Exponential acceleration/deceleration time constant for cutting feed in the advanced preview control mode
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data] 1 ms
[Valid data range] 0 to 4000
Set an exponential acceleration/deceleration time constant for cutting feed in the advanced preview control mode.
0878 Minimum speed in exponential acceleration/deceleration for cutting feed in the advanced preview control mode
[Data type] Word
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
��� ��� �����
��������� ������ ��� �� ���
����� ���� ����
Millimeter machine 1 mm/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Inch machine 0.1 inch/min 6 to 6000 6 to 4800
Rotaion axis 1 deg/min 6 to 15000 6 to 12000
Set a minimum speed (FL) in exponential acceleration/deceleration for cutting feed in the advanced preview control mode.
[Unit of data]
[Valid data range]
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0879 Time constant for linear acceleration/deceleration during cutting feed in the advanced preview control mode.
[Data type] Word
[Unit of data] ms
[Valid data range] 8 to 1024
This parameter sets a time constant for linear acceleration/deceleration for cutting feed in the advanced preview control mote.
NOTE The function for linear acceleration/deceleration after interpolation for cutting feed is required.
� Parameters for the cutting feed acceleration/deceleration before in- terpolation
Parameter No.
Parameter description Normal mode Advanced previewcontrol mode
Acceleration/deceleration type (A type/B type)
FWBTYP (0395#6)
←
Acceleration (Parameter 1) 0480 0485
Acceleration (Parameter 2) 0481 0486
� Parameters for automatic corner deceleration
Parameter No.
Parameter description Normal mode Advanced previewcontrol mode
Automatic corner deceleration accord- ing to the corner angle or the speed dif- ference
CHEAFD (0395#3)
←
Minimum speed (according to the corner angle) 0482 0487
Critical angle (according to the corner angle) 0865 0864
Allowable speed difference for all axes (according to speed difference) 0483 ←
������ Message Description
109 P/S ALARM A value other than 0 or 1 was specified af- ter P in the G08 code, or no value was spe- cified.
Parameters for advanced preview control mode and normal mode
Alarm and message
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NOTE In the advanced preview control mode, the functions listed below cannot be specified. To specify these functions, cancel the advanced preview control mode, specify the desired function, then set advanced preview control mode again. ⋅Rigid tapping function ⋅Cs contour axis control function ⋅Feed per rotation ⋅F1–digit feed ⋅C–axis normal direction control function ⋅Polar coordinate interpolation function ⋅Cylindrical interpolation function ⋅Normal direction control ⋅Polar coordinate command ⋅Index table indexing ⋅Threading ⋅Synchronous feed ⋅High–speed cycle machining ⋅Handle interrupt ⋅Program restart ⋅Simplified synchronization control ⋅High–speed skip function ⋅Constant surface speed control ⋅Interrupt type custom macro ⋅Small–diameter peck drilling cycle ⋅High–speed remote buffer A/B ⋅Automatic tool length measurement ⋅Skip cutting ⋅G28 (low–speed reference position return) ⋅Axis control by PMC
OPERATOR’S MANUAL (For Machining Center) (B–61404E)
II.24 ADVANCED PREVIEW CONTROL
Note
Reference item
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