Extension of the snow package supporting fault tolerant and reproducible applications, as well as supporting easy-to-use parallel programming - only one function is needed. Dynamic cluster size is also available.
| Version: | 1.6-0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.0-0), rlecuyer |
| Imports: | parallel, snow (≥ 0.4) |
| Suggests: | Rmpi |
| Published: | 2017-06-17 |
| Author: | Hana Sevcikova, A. J. Rossini |
| Maintainer: | Hana Sevcikova <hanas at uw.edu> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| URL: | http://www.stat.washington.edu/hana/parallel/snowFT-doc.pdf |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | ChangeLog |
| In views: | HighPerformanceComputing |
| CRAN checks: | snowFT results |
| Reference manual: | snowFT.pdf |
| Package source: | snowFT_1.6-0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: snowFT_1.6-0.zip, r-release: snowFT_1.6-0.zip, r-oldrel: snowFT_1.6-0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: snowFT_1.6-0.tgz, r-oldrel: snowFT_1.6-0.tgz |
| Old sources: | snowFT archive |
| Reverse imports: | CSFA |
| Reverse suggests: | bayesTFR, fractaldim, latentnet, npsf |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=snowFT to link to this page.


About Us
We're three Princeton students with a deadline to meet.
Developers
PollPrinceton was developed in the Spring of 2015 for a final project in COS 333 at Princeton University.
We're three Princeton students with a deadline to meet.
PollPrinceton was developed in the Spring of 2015 for a final project in COS 333 at Princeton University.


The Mock Lisp (MLisp) programming language provides access to all the Emacs extension facilities. This chapter describes how to use MLisp to extend Emacs by writing private functions or shareable libraries and subsystems.
The syntax of MLisp is based on certain dialects of the full Lisp language. This is a highly structured syntax with few built-in constructs. This simple syntax means that an efficient interpreter can be written, so that executing MLisp code does not use significant CPU overhead.
An MLisp program consists of an expression. Each expression may contain further expressions to be evaluated.
Expressions fall into two categories:
Examples:
(setq left-margin 9) (forward-word) (fetch-database-entry "MLisp-library" "process")
Examples:
24 "abc" left-margin
MLisp names in Emacs are held in two name-spaces: one for function names, and the other for variable names. A name in one name-space is not related to the same name in the other name-space. There is never any confusion about which name-space a particular name belongs in, as this information can always be deduced from the syntactic positioning of the name. Whenever you need to pass the name of a function to another function, you must pass it as a string.
A name can consist of an arbitrary sequence of any characters excluding the MLisp syntax characters (, ) and ;. Names may not start with a digit or a minus sign. Upper-case letters are always distinguished from lowercase letters.
Examples of names:
execute-mlisp-file ~TAGS-replace-string ^K-character the-quick-brown-fox-jumps-over-a-lazy-dog ANAMEWITHCAPITALLETTERS
Comments are introduced in MLisp using the ; character. The comment extends from the semicolon character to the end of the line. During MLisp compilation, all comments are removed.
Constants are represented in MLisp by either writing their value in the MLisp expressions, or by referencing one of the named constants provided by Emacs for special purposes. Named constants are located in the variable name-space along with other named variables. You cannot alter the value of a named constant.
You specify numeric constants using digit characters. An optional leading minus sign may be included to obtain negative values. Note, however, that you cannot specify a leading plus sign. Numeric constants are integers in the range 2,147,483,647 to -2,147,483,648. Overflow is not detected by the MLisp compiler, and merely results in wrap around.
Character constants are converted to their numeric equivalent during MLisp compilation; they are merely a convenient way of specifying the ASCII numeric value for a character.
Character constants are introduced and terminated with the single quote character, and can represent only one ASCII character. During MLisp compilation, the special sequences in Table 1 allow you to specify the control characters of the ASCII character set.
Table 1 MLisp Character Constants
| Sequence | ASCII Character |
| \n | Linefeed |
| \b | Backspace |
| \t | Tab |
| \r | Return |
| \e | Escape |
| \' | Quote |
| \\ | \ |
| \xxx | Octal character xxx |
| ^X | Control X |
| ^? | Delete |
| \x | character x |
It is best to use the \ sequences for the characters that are available using that mechanism, rather than using the equivalent ^ sequences because the \sequences are more meaningful.
String constants are enclosed in double quote characters and can be up to 800 characters in length. Any ASCII character can be included in the string. An escape mechanism is provided using a scheme similar to that for character constants. The codes are described in Table 2.
| Sequence | Character |
|---|---|
| \n | Linefeed |
| \b | Backspace |
| \t | Tab |
| \r | Return |
| \e | Escape |
| \" | Double quotes |
| \\ | \ |
| \xxx | Octal character xxx |
| \^X | Control X |
| \^? | Delete |
| \x | Character x |
| \[key] | Characters for key |
Named key string constant escapes are particularly useful in MLisp expressions that bind keys. Figures ~~~Ref:numkeypadfig~~~,~~~Ref:editkeypadfig~~~ and ~~~Ref:funkeysfig~~~illustrate the escapes for the keys found on VT100-series terminals and terminals or workstations with LK201 keyboards.
Figure: VT100/LK201 Numeric Keypad Key EscapesFIGUREFILE: postscript:docs$src:emacspgnumkeypadfig.psFIGUREFILE: bookreader:docs$src:emacspgnumkeypadfig.fse
Figure: LK201 Editing Keypad Key EscapesFIGUREFILE: postscript:docs$src:emacspgeditkeypadfig.psFIGUREFILE: bookreader:docs$src:emacspgeditkeypadfig.fse
Figure: LK201 Top-Row Function Key EscapesFIGUREFILE: postscript:docs$src:emacspgfunkeysfig.psFIGUREFILE: bookreader:docs$src:emacspgfunkeysfig.fse
A variable is a name which is associated with a value, either a number, mark, string, window-ring or an array. Emacs uses many variables internally, and provides many others which allow the user to customise various Emacs features.
The easiest way to set a variable is to use the setq function. This function requires the name of the variable and the value to be assigned to the variable. Before the variable is set, the value being assigned may be checked so that you cannot set impossible values which might jeopardise other Emacs code. The variable to be set must already exist. You can set the value of a variable interactively using the ESC-x set command.
To fetch the value of a variable, simply reference it by name. You can also display the value of a single variable interactively with the ESC-x print command.
There are five different types of variable:
| Numerics | which hold integer numbers in the range 2,147,483,647 to -2,147,483,648; |
| Strings | which contain arbitrary length text; |
| Markers | which contain a buffer name and positional information; |
| Array | which contains up to a 10 dimension array of variables |
| Window-rings | which contain a set of windows that make up a screen. |
You can also create arrays with up to 10 dimensions. A single array can contain elements of any of the basic types. Variable length system arrays conform to a convention where element zero contains the number of elements in the array excluding element zero.
When using variables in MLisp programs, the type of the variable is coerced to the type that a particular function expects. For example, if a variable holds a number and is supplied to a function expecting a string, the number is converted to a string when it is needed. When coercion takes place for markers, if a string is required, the value of the variable is the buffer name part; if a numeric is required, the position in the buffer is returned.
No coercion is available for window-rings. The only operation that can be performed on a window-ring is assignment.
There are five different classes of variable as described below:
System Variables
System variables are used to set up a specific option upon which Emacs acts. They either modify the way Emacs presents information, or they contain some specific information. Some examples of system variables include pop-up-windows, which tells Emacs to pop a window up when one is needed, and window-size which tells you the size, in lines, of the currently selected window.
Buffer-Specific Variables
Buffer-specific variables are used to contain information which is private to each buffer. The name of the variable is the same for each buffer, but when its value is fetched or set, a private copy for the currently selected buffer is used. If you attempt to fetch the value of a buffer-specific variable before you have set it, the variable is preset with a default value. Buffer specific variables are created using the declare-buffer-specific function, and their default value is set using setq-default (or ESC-x set-default).
Global Variables
Global variables are used to contain information to be accessed by functions executed at any time. Once created, these variables remain in existence until Emacs exits.
Named Constants
Named constants are used by Emacs to provide users with useful information. Each named constant has a name in the variable name-space and has a read-only value. If you attempt to alter the value of a named constant, Emacs issues an error message.
Local Variables
Local variables are used to contain local information in a block inside an MLisp program. The lifetime of these variables is only while the block in which they are declared is executing. Local variables are declared by nominating them immediately after the block introducer (after progn and function names). For example:
(progn a b c d ... )
The name scope for all variables is everywhere in Emacs, but the lifetime of the storage allocated to the variable depends on the class of variable. For example, once some MLisp has been compiled which declares a local variable, that variable's name is entered into the variable name-space and may be freely accessed. However, if you attempt to access the variable outside the block in which it is declared, no storage will have been allocated for it, and Emacs will issue an error message.
(declare-global name...)
Declares global variables and initialises their default value to zero.
(declare-buffer-specific name...)
Declares buffer-specific variables and initialises their default value to zero.
ESC-x set
Prompts for and sets the value of any variable interactively.
(setq name expression)
Sets the value of any variable in an MLisp program.
ESC-x set-default
Prompts for and sets the default value of a buffer-specific variable interactively.
(setq-default name expression)
Sets the default value of a buffer-specific variable in an MLisp program.
ESC-x print
Displays the current value of a variable in the Mini-buffer.
ESC-x print-default
Displays the default value of a buffer-specific variable in the Mini-buffer. If the variable is not buffer-specific, print-default functions the same way as the print command.
(use-variables-of-buffer buffer expression)
This function provides access to the buffer-specific variables of the buffer named buffer. When expression uses a buffer-specific variable, it will be the instance of the variable from buffer buffer, not from the current buffer. The following example inserts the file name of buffer fred into the current buffer joe:
(switch-to-buffer "joe") (use-variables-of-buffer "fred" (insert-string current-buffer-file-name) )
You create an array by using the array MLisp function, and assign the resulting structure to a variable. The target variable is then coerced into an array.
Once the array has been created, you can use all the functions defined below to manipulate the array contents.
You can finally free up the space allocated to array by assigning one of the basic types to the array variable.
(array low-bound high-bound...)
Creates an array with up to 10 dimensions. The array is initialised to integer zeroes in all elements.
(bounds-of-array array-name)
Analyses an array, and returns another array describing the bounds of the supplied array.
The output array is declared as (array 1 2 0 input-array-dimensions). Element [1,0] contains the number of dimensions of the array. Element [2,0]contains the total size of the array. Other elements contain the lower and upper bounds for each dimension of the array.
(fetch-array array index...)
Retrieves an element from the specified array.
(setq-array array index... value)
Assigns a value to an element of an array.
A function is the object through which Emacs runs programs written in MLisp. A function is defined, then compiled, and may then be run simply by nominating it using the ESC-x command, or by calling it in an MLisp program. MLisp functions may also have key sequences bound to them. In this way, key bindings may be altered in a way suitable for a given application.
Functions are defined using the MLisp defun function using either of the following syntaxes:
(defun (name local... expression... ) )
This defines a function called name with local variables locals. The function executes expressions each time it is called. The local variables are separated by white-space. Any arguments that need to be passed to the function must be accessed using the arg MLisp function. All the components except name are optional. The result of the function is the result of the last expression executed.
(defun name (arg...) local... expression... )
This defines a function with arguments. The arguments are entered into the variable name-space, and may have optional default expressions, which are evaluated if the corresponding argument is not passed in. The initialising expressions are executed just before the function in invoked. The result of the function is the value of the last expression executed in the expression list.
Example of defun with arg1 defaulted to 6, arg2 defaulted to the string "hello" and arg3 defaulted to the value of (get-tty-string "arg3: "):
(defun name (arg1 6 arg2 "hello" arg3 (get-tty-string "arg3:")) local... expression... )
This section describes all the block structuring functions in MLisp. All the block structuring functions introduce a block which may contain local variable declarations. The value of most blocks is the value of the last expression executed in the block.
(progn local... expression...)
Introduces a basic block.
(save-excursion local... expression...)
Introduces a block, and saves the current environment for restoration after the last expression has been executed. The items saved are the current position of dot, the current buffer name, the current mark (if set), the last specified search string, and the visibility of the current buffer on the current screen.
(save-window-excursion local... expression...)
Introduces a block, and saves the current environment for restoration after the last expression in the block has been executed. The items saved are the screen state, the current buffer, the current position of dot, the current mark (if set) and the last search string.
After the expression has been executed, the windows that were visible on the screen when the command was started will be restored in the correct order with each window's dot in the correct location.
(save-restriction local... expression...)
Introduces a block, and saves the current environment for restoration after the last expression has been executed. The items saved are the current buffer, the current position of dot, the current mark (if set), the current narrowing, the last search string, and the visibility of the current buffer on the screen.
(error-occurred local... expression...)
Introduces a block, and evaluates expressions until an error occurs. If no error occurs, then the value of the block is 0, otherwise, the value of the block is 1. When an error occurs, the text of the error message is available in the system variable error-message, but is not displayed in the Mini-buffer.
This section describes the functions provided to control the flow of execution of MLisp statements.
(while test-expression expression...)
This function implements a pre-tested while loop statement. The test-expression is evaluated, and if non-zero, the expressions are executed. When the expressions have been executed, control returns to the test expression. The test expression is re-evaluated at each iteration. The result of the expression is the result of the test expression at exit.
(if test-expression true-expression false-expression)
This function implements an if-then-else statement common in most high level languages. test-expression is evaluated, and if non-zero, true-expression is evaluated, otherwise false-expression is evaluated.
A multi-way if statement can be constructed by repeating test-expression and true-expression in place of the false expression. The last test in the list must have a false-expression. For example, for the variable a, the following prints out the power of ten if a is less than 1000:
(message (if (< a 0) "a is too small" (< a 10) "Zero" (< a 100) "One" (< a 1000) "Two" "a is too large" ) )
Emacs has numerous operator functions specifically designed for use in MLisp programs.
There is no distinction between an operator function and an ordinary function as far as the syntax of calling the operators is concerned. They are called operator functions merely to distinguish them from functions whose values are of no interest to the caller.
The arithmetic operator functions are shown in Table 3.
Table 3 Arithmetic Operator Functions
| + | Addition |
| -- | Subtraction |
| / | Division |
| * | Multiplication |
| ! | Complimentation |
| & | And |
| | | Inclusive-or |
| ^ | Exclusive-or |
| << | Left shift |
| >> | Right shift |
| = | Equality |
| != | Non-equality |
| < | Less than |
| > | Greater than |
| <= | Less than or equal |
| >= | Greater than or equal |
| c= | Character equal |
All of these functions can be used with one or more arguments. Arguments are used singly or in pairs to form a running total. The only unary operator is ! (complimentation).
The string operator functions include:
(concat expression...)
This function returns the concatenation of all of expressions as a single string. The expressions are coerced into strings before the concatenation takes place.
(substr str pos n)
This function returns the substring of str starting at character pos of length n. If pos is negative, the length of the string is added to it before it is used.
(length expression)
This function returns the string length of expression. If the expression yields a numeric or mark value, it is coerced into a string.
(region-to-string)
This function returns the region in the current buffer as a string value.
(case-string-capitalize string)
This function converts the first letter of each word in string to upper-case and all other letters to lowercase and returns the result as a string.
(case-string-invert string)
This function inverts the case of each letter in string and returns the result as a string.
(case-string-upper string)
This function changes the case of each letter in string to upper-case and returns the result as a string.
(case-string-lower string)
This function changes the case of each letter in string to lowercase and returns the result as a string.
The following list includes other useful operator functions:
(dot)
dot returns a marker for the current position of dot in the current buffer.
(mark)
mark returns a marker for the current position of the current buffer's mark if the mark is set. An error is generated if no mark is set.
(preceding-char)
preceding-char returns the numeric value of the character to the left of dot in the current buffer. If dot is located at the beginning of the buffer, 0 is returned.
(following-char)
following-char returns the numeric value of the character to the right of dot in the current buffer. If dot is located at the end of the buffer, 0 is returned.
Emacs contains a set of functions and variables which are primarily for use when programming in MLisp. Some of the functions actually check when they are called that they have not been executed interactively.
The following predicates are provided to test certain conditions in MLisp programs:
(eolp)
eolp returns true if dot is currently at the end of a line in the current buffer. Otherwise, it returns false.
(eobp)
eobp returns true if dot is at the end of the current buffer. Otherwise, it returns false.
(bolp)
bolp returns true if dot is currently at the beginning of a line in the current buffer. Otherwise, it returns false.
(bobp)
bobp returns true if dot is at the beginning of the current buffer. Otherwise, it returns false.
(dot-is-visible)
dot-is-visible returns true if the current location of dot is being displayed in a window on the screen. Otherwise, it returns false.
(interactive)
interactive returns true if the currently executing MLisp function was invoked either by using ESC-x, or as a result of a key binding. Otherwise, it returns false.
(is-bound name...)
is-bound returns true if all the specified variables currently bound to storage. Otherwise, it returns false.
Emacs has two argument systems: prefix arguments, which are always numerics; and post-fix arguments which may be numerics, strings, markers, arrays or window-rings. Prefix arguments are generally specified interactively from the keyboard using the ^U command, but may also be manipulated from within an MLisp program by using the following functions and variables:
(provide-prefix-argument prefix expression)
This function applies the numeric prefix argument prefix to the expression provided. The result of the function is the result of the execution of the expression. It is generally more efficient to use provide-prefix-argument to repeat a command many times than to use a while loop, or by repetition of the desired command. However, the command to be executed must interpret a prefix argument as a repetition count in order for this to work properly.
(prefix-argument-loop expression...)
prefix-argument-loop causes the expressions provided to be executed prefix argument number of times. If no prefix argument was provided to the MLisp function that calls prefix-argument-loop, the expressions will only be executed once. The result of the function is the result of the last expression in the expression list to be executed.
(return-prefix-argument expression)
This function sets up the prefix argument for the next function to be executed. The value of the function is the value of the expression returned as the prefix argument.
If you wish to provide a prefix argument for the next function to run after the current function has finished, return-prefix-argument must be the last expression to be executed.
(prefix-argument)
This variable contains the value of the prefix argument supplied to the current MLisp function. If no prefix argument was supplied, then its value is 1. Both positive and negative prefix arguments may be supplied.
prefix-argument-provided
This variable is true if an MLisp function has been called with a prefix argument, otherwise it is false. This variable is provided because there is no way to tell if a prefix argument has been provided by merely examining its value.
(arg num prompt)
This function causes the evaluation of the numth postfix argument provided to the function. If the required argument is an expression, then it will be re-evaluated every time arg accesses it. The left-most argument in a function call is argument number 1.
If the desired argument was not provided in the call, prompt is used as a terminal prompt string to read in the argument from the user. If prompt is omitted, this feature is disabled, and an error message is generated.
(nargs)
This function returns the number of arguments supplied to the called function. Arguments that are prompted for are not included in this count.
A number of functions exist to enable MLisp programmers to obtain input from the user. These functions generally take a string argument which is used as a prompt in the Mini-buffer. Specific functions may enable name completion.
The input functions are:
(expand-from-string-table prompt word-list-string)
This function provides access to the Emacs input expansion mechanism. The function has two parameters: the first is a prompt, the second is a string that contains a space-separated list of words from which the user can select a choice. The result of the function is the selected word. expand-from-string-table will only allow one of the words in the list to be returned. The following example, causes a Command: prompt to appear in the Mini-buffer; the user must then enter one of the four words from the supplied list:
(expand-from-string-table "Command: " "exit" "read" "write" "quit")
(get-tty-character)
This function waits for a single key to be pressed by the user. No prompt is available. The character that the user presses is returned as the value of the function. No keymaps are used to interpret the typed character.
(get-tty-command prompt)
get-tty-command issues the prompt in the Mini-buffer and then reads in a string. Function name completion is enabled during this operation, and the only valid input is an existing function name. The value of this function is a string containing the name of the function selected.
(get-tty-file prompt)
get-tty-file issues the prompt supplied in the Mini-buffer and then reads in a string. File name completion is enabled during this operation, although any string is valid when a Return is pressed. Multiple versions of the same file are ignored during completion. The value of this function is a string containing the name of the file selected.
(get-tty-string prompt)
This function issues the prompt in the Mini-buffer, then reads in a string from the user. This string is returned as the function's value.
(get-tty-variable prompt)
get-tty-variable issues the prompt in the Mini-buffer and then reads in the name of a variable. Variable name completion is enabled during this operation. The value of the function is a string containing the variable name selected.
(get-tty-buffer prompt)
This function issues the prompt and then obtains the name of a buffer using buffer name completion. The value of the function is a string containing the buffer name selected.
(process-keys keymap)
This function reads one key sequence from the keyboard by using the supplied keymap. The function selected by the key sequence is executed, and the result is returned as process-key's value.
Two functions exist for displaying text. Both functions display the text in the Mini-buffer, and can take any number of arguments. The arguments are coerced into strings and concatenated in the order in which they appear as arguments.
(message string...)
Displays the concatenated strings in the Mini-buffer the next time the screen is updated.
(error-message string...)
Displays the concatenated strings in the Mini-buffer and declares an error. No further statements of an MLisp program will be executed, and the keyboard processor will resume operation (unless error-message has been issued from inside an error-occurred function).
(sit-for length)
This function causes the display to be updated, and executes a pause for length tenths of a second. The pause may be interrupted by the user pressing a key.
This function is useful when displaying status information to the user. For example, if a function takes some time to execute, it may be helpful to indicate what the function is currently doing. An argument of zero to sit-for will update the screen, but will not pause Emacs processing.
Once you have written some MLisp, the code must be compiled before it can be executed. There are several ways to compile MLisp code:
When the file has been opened, all the MLisp expressions contained in the file are read in, compiled, and executed.
execute-mlisp-line can also be used from MLisp programs to dynamically compile and execute a string. When called non-interactively, a single string argument can be specified. This string is compiled and executed as above, and the result returned as the result of the execute-mlisp-line function.
A considerable number of the functions in Emacs reside in libraries. A library function is not accessible unless the library that contains it is loaded. A number of libraries are provided with Emacs, and can be loaded automatically or on request to make their functions available.
To load a library, use execute-mlisp-file. Emacs loads the library by first looking in your own directory for the library file (or a directory you specify), then in the Emacs directory, then in the MLisp-library database search-list. Once the library has been loaded, all the functions defined in the library are then available for use.
For example, if you load the AREA library, you can then use the delete-area function to delete an area of the screen. delete-area is defined in the AREA library.
In addition to making functions accessible to ESC-x, the library may bind some functions to key sequences. This is done by the library loading another file called LIBRARY-NAME.KEY, where LIBRARY-NAME is the name of the library being loaded.
Some libraries are loaded automatically in the course of executing certain functions. You will not normally notice this. For example, the PROCESS library is automatically loaded when you use the shell function for the first time. This facility is known as autoloading. Autoloading is used to make library functions available without you having to know how to load the library. Autoloading also saves space in Emacs by loading libraries only when you need them.
Autoloading works by simply calling execute-mlisp-file on the required library. Autoloading is set up using the autoload function. For example, if you have a function named box-it which is defined in the file BOXIT.ML, then the command:
(autoload "box-it" "boxit.ml")
will define the box-it function, but will not actually load the definition from BOXIT.ML until you execute the box-it function.
Emacs provides a powerful debugging facility to help you develop your MLisp programs. This section describes the supplied MLisp debugger and the tools that Emacs provides to support the development of new debuggers.
The DEBUG package is a powerful MLisp source-line debugger, providing the MLisp programmer with tracing, breakpointing, error trapping and stack-dumping facilities.
To start DEBUG, load the DEBUG library. Each time you want to enter DEBUG mode, use the ESC-^D command (or execute the ESC-x debug command). The debug function loads up the breakpoint, error and trace handlers, binds debug commands to keys and pops up the DEBUG windows. Source code and other information displayed by DEBUG will appear in these windows.
The following commands are available in the DEBUG window:
b (set breakpoint)
Sets a breakpoint on the specified function. When this function is executed after the breakpoint has been set, it will cause DEBUG to regain control, and DEBUG will display the decompiled source showing the call to the function.
B (remove breakpoint)
Clears the breakpoint flag for the specified function so that it will no longer cause a breakpoint when executed.
c (show calls)
Displays the current call stack in the DEBUG window.
. or KP5 (display current source)
Displays the current source line, in context, in the Debug window.
e (interrupt on error)
Causes DEBUG to trap error reports and display them and the function that generated them. Errors are not trapped by default.
E (kill error trapping)
Disables error-trapping.
g or KP, (go)
Continues the execution of a program without interference from DEBUG. The only way DEBUG will regain control is at a breakpoint or when an error is detected and error-trapping is enabled.
Use this function when you have finished examining execution at one point in your program, and you wish to continue the program.
h or ? or Help (help)
Displays help on DEBUG commands.
l (list breakpoints)
Lists in the DEBUG window all functions which have their breakpoint flag set.
o or KP0 (step over)
Executes the next MLisp expression and then stops in DEBUG afterwards. However, if the expression is a function call, DEBUG executes all of the expressions in the called function and any functions it calls.
p (print)
Prints the contents of a variable.
q (quit)
Exits DEBUG. The DEBUG windows are removed and all variables controlled by DEBUG are reset. Breakpoints remain intact, but will not cause DEBUG to be run. To restart debugging, use the ESC-^D command.
s (step)
Executes the next MLisp expression.
t (set trace mode)
Enables trace-mode. During trace-mode, every MLisp expression that is executed will be displayed in the DEBUG windows for debug-sit-for tenths of a second. Execution will continue until all MLisp expression have been executed.
T (Unset trace mode)
Unsets trace-mode.
v (View last expression)
Prints the value of the last executed expression.
DEBUG never displays debug information about any of the DEBUG functions or MLisp functions that are called while in the DEBUG window. This stops DEBUG from confusing you.
This section describes the components which can be used to build MLisp tracing and debugging packages.
Four facilities are provided with Emacs for debugging programs written in MLisp: breakpoints, error-trapping, tracing and stack-trace generation.
Each function within Emacs can have a breakpoint applied to it. If, during the course of executing functions, Emacs attempts to execute a function which has a breakpoint, it calls the breakpoint function specified in the breakpoint-hook variable.
Breakpoints are set for a function using the ESC-x breakpoint command. This command asks for the name of a function and the value to which the function's breakpoint flag should be set. The execution of a function causes a breakpoint if the function's breakpoint flag is set and if the variable breakpoint-hook contains the name of an Emacs function.
The breakpoint function is called just before the function that caused the breakpoint to occur is called.
decompile-current-line can be used to display the environment from which the breakpointing function was called.
If an error occurs during the execution of MLisp code, the normal action is to display the error message in the Mini-buffer, and to abort the execution of all macros and MLisp code.
However, if the variable error-hook contains the name of a function, then this function is called instead. This means that a debugger can gain control when an error occurs. Further, during the execution of the error function, the error message that should have been displayed is available to the debugger in the variable error-message.
Error trapping does not occur for errors that happen in an error-occurred block.
Tracing of MLisp programs is controlled with three variables:
· trace-into
· trace-mode
· trace-hook
When trace-mode is set, the function whose name is contained in trace-hook is called before each MLisp statement is executed. The decompiled form of the statement about to be executed is available using the decompile-current-line function.
On MLisp function calls, trace-into controls whether tracing continues into the called code. If trace-into is true, tracing continues into functions. Otherwise, tracing will be suspended until the inner function has completed execution.
The generation of an MLisp stack trace can be automatic when an error is detected, or can be generated by the user at any time from an MLisp function.
The variable stack-trace-on-error controls the generation of stack-traces when an error is detected. If set to true, when an error is generated, a buffer called Stack-trace is created, and the current MLisp stack is inserted into the buffer. No action is taken inside an error-occurred block. The first line of the stack trace contains the error message that caused the stack-trace to occur. The second and subsequent lines contain the decompiled expressions being executed when the error was detected. An end-of-stack marker is located at the end of the buffer.
The variable stack-maximum-depth limits the call depth of the running MLisp code.
For example, if the following function is executed with a parameter of 1:
(defun x (a) (if (> a 3) (error-message "Too deep") (x (+ a 1)) ) )
then the buffer Stack-trace would contain:
Message: Too deep Executing: (error-message "Too deep") (x (+ a 1)) (x (+ a 1)) (x (+ a 1)) (x 1) --- bottom of stack ---
The function dump-stack-trace can be used to generate a stack-trace at any time. The stack-trace will be located in buffer Stack-trace, which will be popped onto the screen. The stack-trace format is the same as that displayed for stack-traced errors, except that there will never be a Message: line.


According to the American Addiction centers and the national survey on drug use and health (NSDUH), in 2017 19.7 million American adults (aged 12 and older) battled a substance use disorder. About
COCAINE: - About 966,000 American adults (over age 12) struggled with cocaine use disorder in 2017. - That same yeaar 637,000 prople aged 12 and older received treatment for a cocaine disorder either in their last or current stay rehabilitation. HEROIN: -About 652,000 people age 12 and older had a heroin use disorder in 2017. - Almost quater of people who abuse heroin will become addicted to it. -Individuals addicted to are 2 times more likely to also be addicted to heroin, while those addicted to marijuana are 3 times more likely, individuals addicted to cocaine are 15 times more likely, and people addicted to prescription drugs are 40 times more likely. Perdcription drugs: Perscription drugs- The most common types of prescription drugs abused in 2017 were pain relievers, tranquilizers, stimulants, and sedatives. But you can get addicted to any tyoe if drug - Women may more rapidly develop a prescription painkiller dependence than men. They are also more likely to have chronic pain, be prescribed pain relievers, and receive higher doses


[3.5/4.0] (dialog in Bengali, English subtitles)
This film, with the English title "Song of the Little Road", is the first component of Satyajit Ray's "Apu Trilogy".
The story begins with the introduction of the Roy family. The anchor of the Roy family is Sarbojaya (Karuna Bannerjee). Because her husband Hari (Kanu Bannerjee) is often out of work, she has the difficult duty of managing all the daily needs of the family with meager resources. Hari is not overly concerned with the family's plight because he more concerned with spiritual needs than with material needs. He works odd jobs as a priest and a clerk so that they scrape by, and he spends his free time composing his literature. Hari's general view is that "whatever God does is for the best."  Their house is in disrepair, their daughter Durga (Runki Banerjee as the small child, Uma Das Gupta as the adolescent) is acquiring a bad reputation by stealing fruit from a neighbor's orchard, and it is sometimes a struggle to make sure everyone has enough to eat. Hari's elderly aunt, Indir (Chunibala Devi) also lives with the Roys, but Sarbojaya dislikes how she spoils Durga. Sarbojaya, who is pregnant as the story opens, eventually gives birth to a son, Apu (Subir Bannerjee). Because Hari is often away working, Sarbojaya is the backbone holding the family together.
The family's poverty is no drag on the spirits of the children. Durga and Apu make their own world adventurous and carefree. Even though they miss treats like being able to buy sweets from the traveling candy man, they enrich their lives with the multitude of simple pleasures available to them. From the joy of getting drenched by the monsoon, to the thrill of traveling across the countryside to see a train, Durga and Apu do not miss any pleasures of childhood. It is only the responsibilities of the adult world that gnaw at the spirit of the individuals. It is perhaps this specter that keeps Durga from maturing. Her mother tells her that she should be more helpful in the household, but Durga's only interest is in playing. As Durga watches one of her friends get married, she gazes forlornly knowing that it is difficult for a poor girl to get a marriage arranged. It is as if she knows impending adulthood cannot be avoided. If she could choose, she would probably want to spend her entire life as a child.
Although the trilogy is centered around his character, Apu himself has a diminished role in this story. He is only a young boy through all the events. The primary characters are really the women, and they symbolize the major stages of life. The irrepressible Durga represents the carefree nature of childhood, when dependence on parents allows the spirit to be free. The somber Sarbojaya represents the heavy responsibilities of adulthood, when life is a serious matter and the needs of self and others are a constant struggle. The fragile Indir represents the precariousness of old age, when the return to dependence can become a shackle if one is restricted by poverty.
Perhaps the only aspect that indicates that this film was made decades ago is the quality of the print. In all other aspects, it displays a remarkable moderness. Although the story is set in the 1920's, the issues that it deals with are timeless. Only the absence of technological advances (motorized vehicles, electric light, etc) and the style of clothing indicate the time period. All the acting performances are flawless. This is no small feat considering the depth to which each character is explored. In terms of cinematography, it is almost difficult to believe that this was Satyajit Ray's first feature film. He displays a virtuoso mastery of the medium on par with any filmmaker, regardless of era. The main narrative is interspersed with simple and evocative scenes of nature, like water bugs skimming back and forth over the surface of a pond. These images, along with the languid pace of the story, serve to underscore the individual's insignificant presence in the greater universe. Whatever the fate of the Roy family, the world continues in its eternal rhythms unperturbed.
With this, his first film, Ray immediately established himself as a master of Indian and international cinema. Although all aspects of the story are characteristically Indian, he brings out concerns and struggles shared by people in every corner of the world. This film deservedly won several international film awards, including the appropriately named "Best Human Document" at the Cannes Film Festival.
Highly recommended. This is an absorbing and moving drama. Ray is able to portray the vagaries of the human condition in a simple, poignant story.
(c) 1999 Murali Krishnan The Art House Squatter http://ArtHouseSquatter.com
--== Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/ ==-- ---Share what you know. Learn what you don't.---
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Step four: encoding of the first note of this example.
Having prepared the structure of the pick up measure in the previous step, you are now ready to encode the first note of the example. In MEI, notes describe single pitched events that are encoded in, surprise, <note>
elements, whereby <note>
elements are allowed to be children of <layer>
. You can define the main note characteristics like pitch and duration by using the following attributes on <note>
:
@pname
(pitch name) – lower case letters from “a”
to “g”
, use “b”
here.@oct
(octave) – pitch’s octave value as integers from “0”
-”9”
, C4 being the pitch specified by the C clef, use “3”
@dur
(duration) – e.g. “1”
for whole note, “2”
for half note, “4”
for quarter note, “8”
for eighth note, “16”
for sixteenth note, … “2048”
for 2048th note, use “4”
Here is an example of how to encode a whole note C4: <note pname="c" oct="4" dur="1"></note>
.
In the editor below, please enter the encoding of the first note of the example inside the <layer>
element.
PS: If you are interested in a tutorial only on <note>
s, see our Quickstart tutorial.


It's a official website of Coding Community United Group of Institution.Here you will get all resources related to coding for free. Our aim is simple learn together and grow together.
More
The web development process includes web design, web content development, client-side/server-side scripting and network security configuration, among other tasks.
Web development is also known as website development.
A blockchain, originally block chain, is a growing list of records, called blocks, which are linked using cryptography.Each block contains a cryptographic hash of the previous block,a timestamp, and transaction data (generally represented as a merkle tree root hash).
Artificial intelligence (AI) is the ability of a computer program or a machine to think and learn. It is also a field of study which tries to make computers "smart". They work on their own without being encoded with commands.
A programming language is a formal language, which comprises a set of instructions used to produce various kinds of output. Programming languages are used in computer programming to create programs that implement specific algorithms.
An algorithm is a procedure or formula for solving a problem, based on conductiong a sequence of specified actions.
In ProgrammerMathSkills, it is lamented that many programmers lack training (or have forgotten all about it as part of the usual MindWipe that occurs shortly after graduation). This page, which contains some material, lists the math skills that programmers ought to have. Or so the collective we think....
Android is a popular computing platform based on the Linux® operating system.
Android software development is the process by which new applications are created for devices running the Android operating system. Google states that "Android apps can be written using Kotlin, Java, and C++ languages" using the Android software development kit (SDK), while using other languages is also possible.
The iOS Developer Program is Apple’s fee-based subscription that allows members to publish apps for devices based on the company’s mobile operating system to the app store.
Data Structure is a way of collecting and organising data in such a way that we can perform operations on these data in an effective way. Data Structures is about rendering data elements in terms of some relationship, for better organization and storage.
These are the more core subjects like Data Structure, Hacking , Digital Image Processing, Natural Language Processing, and Distributed Systems etc.


Jakarta Chinatown or ‘Glodok’ as referred to by locals, is one of the capital’s historically significant sites. It’s the only place in Jakarta where you can eat traditional Chinese food, shop for anything from Chinese herbal remedies to cut-price electronics, and enjoy sightseeing walks around exotic Chinese temples, some of which have stood the tests of time and are silent witnesses to the formation of Jakarta as Indonesia’s capital city.
Profuse with history and Chinese heritage, Jakarta Chinatown is oftentimes included on tours to the old town area, where you can enjoy a nostalgic walk with hints of far eastern architecture dominating the streetscapes. You will find numerous 17th century-old temples forming part of the townscape. In between are rows of family-run shops and restaurants.
The oldest landmarks include several temples at its town hub, which the locals refer to as pusat Glodok or the ‘Glodok centre’. The narrow route is also known as the main street market of the same name, where you’ll find rows of Chinese shops and vendors akin to a kung-fu movie scene. Come around Lunar New Year and see Chinese lanterns and red banners adorning the street.
Unfortunately, the main important landmark temple of Jakarta Chinatown, known as Jin De Yuan and later officially renamed in modern times as Vihara Dharma Bhakti, was reduced to ashes in March 2015, due to an overwhelming fire. Plans are underway however, to restore it to its former glory, complete with its ornate carvings, fine calligraphy and magnificent paintings. Nevertheless, a walk through Glodok can be a sensory treat, with sights and scents that lure you into colourful Chinese culture.
Be the first to know about the new product.


public class ComputerPlayer extends java.lang.Object implements PlayerInterface
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
ComputerPlayer()
Create a new object setting fields with defaults to their default value.
|
ComputerPlayer(AIType aiType)
Create a new computer player, assigning the ai type to be equal to the parameter.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
boolean |
finalGameState(GameState state)
React to being informed of final game state.
|
Piece |
getColour() |
MoveInterface |
makeMove(Piece[][] boardView)
Runs the correct method based on AI Type - defaulting to AIType.COMBO.
|
boolean |
setColour(Piece colour)
Set the colour of the player to a new colour.
|
boolean |
setTimeGoal(double timeGoal)
Updates the value of timeGoal, with a 1% factor of safety.
|
public ComputerPlayer()
public ComputerPlayer(AIType aiType)
aiType
- The algorithm to use for the AI.public boolean setTimeGoal(double timeGoal)
timeGoal
- The desired new timeGoal.public MoveInterface makeMove(Piece[][] boardView) throws NoValidMovesException
makeMove
in interface PlayerInterface
boardView
- the current state of the boardNoValidMovesException
- Every space on the board is filled.public boolean finalGameState(GameState state)
finalGameState
in interface PlayerInterface
state
- either WON or LOSTpublic boolean setColour(Piece colour) throws InvalidColourException, ColourAlreadySetException
setColour
in interface PlayerInterface
colour
- A Piece (RED/BLUE) that this player will be.InvalidColourException
- New colour is neither Piece.RED or Piece.BLUE.ColourAlreadySetException
- Player already has colour assigned.public Piece getColour()


Fresh Tbilisi Protests As Government Rules Out Electoral Reforms
by RFE/RL's Georgian ServiceSeveral thousand people gathered in the center of the Georgian capital, Tbilisi, after the ruling party ruled out electoral reforms despite opposition protests. Supporters of opposition groups marched from Tbilisi's Republic Square to the parliament building on November 25, blocking traffic in the city's main thoroughfare.


With an Arduino, if I want to illuminate the on-board LED I can do so by declaring digital pin 13 as an output and setting it to Hi.
With an emonTx, I can't see how to control individual pins. From the schematic, I can see that the on-board LED is connected to PB1(OC1A/PCINT1) but I don't understand what this means. How can my software connect to this point and make it do something?
Hope someone can point me towards the info that I'm missing ...
Re: How to control the LED on an emonTx
From the emonTX firmware library I found lines of code that blink the LED (indicates radio transmissions in this firmware)
https://github.com/openenergymonitor/emonTxFirmware
const int LEDpin = 9; // On-board emonTx LED
digitalWrite(LEDpin, HIGH); delay(2); digitalWrite(LEDpin, LOW); // flash LED
Hope this gives you a starting point.
Andrew
Re: How to control the LED on an emonTx
The quickest way to find out that sort of thing is to look at the example code.
The LED for emonTx is digital pin 9
You might find this useful...
http://openenergymonitor.org/emon/emontx/reference
Re: How to control the LED on an emonTx
Thanks guys.
Robin
Re: How to control the LED on an emonTx
With an emonTx, it's not immediately obvious how to connect to the various digital pins that it supports. Seven of these pins are taken up by the Serial interface and the RF chip, but that leads seven which are available for the user to use. But where exactly are they on the board?
Here's a little demo to show these pins connected up and working as intended. The sketch just drives each of them on in turn to light an LED.
Yesterday, being in need of a couple of LEDs and connector strips, I went to Maplin and B&Q and returned with industrial quantities of each. This seemed like a good use for some of them!
(Sorry, I forgot to attach the sketch yesterday)
Re: How to control the LED on an emonTx
Nice work Robin, I've added a link to the emontx design reference page to your comment here http://openenergymonitor.org/emon/emontx/reference
Re: How to control the LED on an emonTx
My latest router is based on an emonTx and I needed to gain access to several of the digital IO lines. There are three switches, three LEDs and two control outputs for hard-wired dump loads.
Sections of in-line header strips provide a convenient way of accessing these lines. These are soldered into holes in the board as required. Robert's recently updated diagram in Section 8 of my PV Router article shows all the of connection points. By populating only the areas that are needed, it's very easy to plug the corresponding cables onto the right pins. Multi-coloured cable helps too. All of these items are available from Spiratronix who have recently published their first printed catalog, which is free.
The attached sketch uses the on-board switches to turn the LEDs on/off. The same approach could be easily extended for different hardware configurations. In my case, I'm simply using the digital pins that can be most easily accessed. and will then allocate the pin numbers as necessary within the Router's sketch.
An emonTx PCB (£3) plus a Atmega chip (£3.50) from the OEM shop, is a very cheap way to build a basic system.


NEXT STOP, WONDERLAND
Reviewed by Harvey Karten, Ph.D. Miramax Director: Brad Anderson Writer: Brad Anderson & Lyn Vaus Cast: Hope Davis, Alan Gelfant, Victor Argo, H. Jon Benjamin, CAra Buono, Larry Gilliard Jr., Philip Seymour Hoffman, Jason Lewis, Roger Rees
After you see a romantic comedy like "How Stella Got Her Groove Back"--an overlong, predictable, commercialized take on the game of romance--you'll have your faith restored with Brad Anderson's indie gem, "Next Stop, Wonderland." Despite its clunky title, this movie has an alternately dreamy, melancholy, happy and comic ambiance boasting fresh writing, sensitive direction, and a lead performance by Hope Davis which reflects the Brazilian term saudade--an oxymoronic expression meaning sadness and happiness at the same time. Ms. Davis is known chiefly to patrons of indie films which show up at the Sundance Festival, having garnered enthusiastic responses in movies like "Daytrippers" and "The Myth of Fingerprints," and is known to Broadway aficionados for a starring role in Chekhov's "Ivanov."
Erin Castleton (Hope Davis) is one of the most interesting young women we've come across in recent months because she is anything but a one-sided character. In fact she is a hodgepodge of opposites. Though she has no problem being alone, she feels lonely in crowds, and while she would like to have a boy friend, she is not the type actively to seek one. Though she is melancholy, displaying a broad smile only once in the entire narrative, she claims to be basically happy. She has had the good--and bad--luck to have adored her recently departed father and will not settle for a young man who does not embrace her dad's poetic qualities. The fun begins when her mother secretly places a personals ad in the local Boston paper describing Erin as "vivacious and carefree," itself a bold prevarication because this terminology describes not the daughter but her mother, Piper Castleton (Holland Taylor), a smart, bourgeois, fast-talking modeling agent whose temperament is quite the converse of her daughter's.
Brad Anderson, who directs and co-wrote the feature following his less accessible "The Darien Gap, sets up a series of comical situations of the sort that the dating game naturally evokes, and in the funniest scene lays out a collage of suitors for Erin's affections who are virtually all wimps, jerks, and flat-out liars. A threesome of yuppies call the young woman and take bets among themselves for who will be the first to French-kiss her. They plan, in turn, to make themselves inconspicuous in the bar which she has chosen to meet her candidates. Anderson sweeps through a quick take on the fibbers who don't make it past the telephone conversation including one who, seated in the john, claims to operate his own business and, as he reaches for the toilet paper, asks her to hold on because "a fax is coming through." "I'm a temp but that's not a permanent thing," admits a flustered suitor, while yet another, taken aback that she's anything but carefree and vivacious, learns that her mother put in the ad and inquires, "What's your mother's number?"
The more she tries, the more she fails to meet Mr. Right. In one scene she discusses with her fellow nurses whether love comes along by the Large Hand of Fate or whether it is a random occurrence. Director Anderson deliberately does not take sides but instead lays out a parallel story of an earnest 35-year-old man, Alan (Alan Gelfant) who is a plumber but is going to college to become a marine biologist. Deep in debt and pressured by a loan shark to steal a valuable fish from the city's aquarium, Alan gives no thought to finding a mate, but after repeatedly coming close to meeting Erin is literally thrown into her arms.
Erin is surely not an ideal woman. She does not possess classic beauty, her expression is deadpan throughout, and is capable of coming up with some on-the-money put-downs of aggressive men. She captures our interest and concern simply because she cannot be pigeonholed like the bimbo, Julie (Cara Buono), a gum-chewer who repeatedly throws herself on the bemused Alan.
Alan Gelfant is a model college student, the sort who has taken many years off to work at a well-paying job but chooses in mid-life to quit, go to school, and pursue a career he loves. The only man who comes close to his quality is Andre De Silva (Jose Zuniga), an ultra-romantic Brazilian who is returning home to Sao Paolo and, on a whim, invites Erin to join him. She is entranced by the poetry of his words, which reflect the Bossa Nova sountrack permeating this delightful film.
Not Rated. Running time: 111 minutes. (C) Harvey Karten 1998
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Utilities for interfacing with the standard library’s atexit module.#
- class sage.cpython.atexit.restore_atexit#
Bases:
object
Context manager that restores the state of the atexit module to its previous state when exiting the context.
INPUT:
run
(bool, default: False) – if True, when exiting the context (but before restoring the old exit functions), run all atexit functions which were added inside the context.clear
(bool, default: equal torun
) – if True, clear already registered atexit handlers upon entering the context.
Warning
The combination
run=True
andclear=False
will cause already-registered exit functions to be run twice: once when exiting the context and again when exiting Python.EXAMPLES:
For this example we will wrap the entire example with
restore_atexit(clear=True)
so as to start with a fresh atexit module state for the sake of the example.Note that the function
atexit._run_exitfuncs()
runs all registered handlers, and then clears the list of handlers, so we can use it to test manipulation of theatexit
state:sage: import atexit sage: from sage.cpython.atexit import restore_atexit sage: def handler(*args, **kwargs): ....: import sys ....: # see https://github.com/sagemath/sage/issues/25270#comment:56 ....: sys.stdout.write(str((args, kwargs))) ....: sys.stdout.write('\n') sage: atexit.register(handler, 1, 2, c=3) <function handler at 0x...> sage: atexit.register(handler, 4, 5, d=6) <function handler at 0x...> sage: with restore_atexit(clear=True): ....: atexit._run_exitfuncs() # Should be none registered ....: atexit.register(handler, 1, 2, c=3) ....: with restore_atexit(): ....: atexit._run_exitfuncs() # Run just registered handler ....: atexit._run_exitfuncs() # Handler should be run again <function handler at 0x...> ((1, 2), {'c': 3}) ((1, 2), {'c': 3})
We test the
run
option:sage: with restore_atexit(run=True): ....: # this handler is run when exiting the context ....: _ = atexit.register(handler, 7, 8, e=9) ((7, 8), {'e': 9}) sage: with restore_atexit(clear=False, run=True): ....: # original handlers are run when exiting the context ....: pass ((4, 5), {'d': 6}) ((1, 2), {'c': 3})
The original handlers are still in place:
sage: atexit._run_exitfuncs() ((4, 5), {'d': 6}) ((1, 2), {'c': 3})


Wolverhampton's Pluviam drop single and debut EP
Wolverhampton's Pluviam are back with a new single and their debut EP.
by Leigh SandersThe track Minimalism and EP The Rain were released on November 8 and follows on from their debut track Searching this summer.
More coverage:
They are available to hear on their Spotify and Soundcloud pages.
Pluviam formed in February 2018 when vocalist James Riley and drummer Mike Tabone which led them to discover their signature sound which mixes metal with indie rock and modern experimental music. It wasn’t long before the duo became a band, when they were joined by guitarist Tom Boddison and bassist Calvert Stevens.
Since then, their growing reputation has seen them enjoy radio play from Janice Long on BBC Radio Wales, as well as features on many online magazines including Loud Horizon, who described the band’s sound as "combining the vocal style of Tom Yorke with a heavy raucous Linkin Park-inspired backing".
Pluviam can be found on Facebook.