Company profile - Canadian Company Capabilities
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Some of the information on this Web page has been provided by external sources. The Government of Canada is not responsible for the accuracy, reliability or currency of the information supplied by external sources. Users wishing to rely upon this information should consult directly with the source of the information. Content provided by external sources is not subject to official languages, privacy and accessibility requirements.
RANA International Inc
Mailing Address:
P.O. Box 1329KEMPTVILLE, Ontario
K0G 1J0
Location Address:
28 Clothier EKEMPTVILLE, Ontario
K0G 1J0
Tel.:<PHONE_NUMBER>
Tel.:<PHONE_NUMBER>
Fax:<PHONE_NUMBER>
Company Profile
RANA International Inc. has been a federally incorporated 100%
Canadian owned company since 1993. It has international
affiliations, offering integrated organizational and management
development services in Canada and abroad. We are a matrix of
some twenty full time principals and affiliated consultants,
all of whom have extensive experience as process consultants
and organization development experts in government, industry,
and the NGO sectors. The majority of RANA associates are
Fellows or Honoured Fellows of the Canadian Institute for
Conflict Resolution, are Certified Professional Facilitators
accredited by the International Association of Facilitators,
and are well-versed in all aspects of developing an
organization's management and delivery processes.
RANA International Inc. is driven by its highly developed
Research and Development function directed by its Chairman of
the Board, Mr. Paul H.J. Cormier, B.A., M.A., a North American
subject matter expert in process methodologies and
organizational development. He has written over twenty-five
technical manuals for use by both public and specialized
audiences.
Full profile
Full profile
Contact information
Company description
Product / Service / Licensing
Objective
To provide client organizations with skilled and accredited
work session facilitators able to conduct a broad range of work
sessions.
Background
Many organizations today experience the need for expert
facilitation, using processes that are more adapted to current
realities and challenges. The facilitator might just as well
lead a group through the development of a strategy as through
the establishment of a team, as through risk management
decision making. The basis principles remains the same:
separation of the method used from the content of the session,
strict delineation of roles, and the use of both creative and
logical processes.
How It Works
RANA
For Facilitation 1 Processes, Techniques and Logistics,
provides the client with a skilled facilitator using basic
tools to assist groups with tasks;
For Facilitation 2 Process Management and Intervention,
provides the client organization with advanced facilitators to
lead large-scale interventions in an organization or community,
involving such global processes as Change Management,
Stakeholder Consultation or Strategic Planning;
Facilitation 3 Practicum Studies, provides the client
organization with a completely professional facilitator who has
been tested in the place of work, and mentored and coached as
required.
Benefits
Measures and validates the skills of the new and
experienced facilitator;
Provides the knowledge, skills and motivation to
exercise the trade well;
Focuses on skills and the facilitators performance of
those skills;
Transfers and reinforces the values and ethics of the
professional facilitator;
Builds on the facilitators personality to develop a
personal facilitation style;
Builds in the fundamental concept of continuous
improvement;
Provides linkages to best practices across the world.
Objective
To help senior management model, coach and mentor a corporate
culture that sustains and creates a productive working
environment in which individual people can flourish.
Background
Organizations dont usually set up individual people for their
best behaviour. In fact, most people working in an organization
dont know how to behave with another. Theyll discount
another person, they wont listen to what others are saying,
they wont connect with the other person in thought or
emotion. Often, they wont even extend basic respect. While
they may be smart, sometimes brilliant intellectually, they
lack the basic ability to connect emotionally with those around
them.
How It Works
RANA
Orients successive layers of management to the Gold
Standard, a model for behaving individually and as a team to
ensure positive behaviours in the work place;
Trains an in-house team to carry on the process,
mentoring and coaching its members in the gradual spread of the
Gold Standard throughout the organization;
Moves down through the organization, replicating
mentoring and modeling and renewing productivity, level by
level.
Benefits
Provides the senior team with clear and replicable
standards of behaviour;
Gives managers in the organization clear expectations
on their role;
Increases individual motivation, loyalty and bottom-
line orientation;
Increases understanding of how senior modeling impacts
on the organization;
Frames continuous improvement in a real and measurable
way;
Changes the organization into a community of interest
and a model employer;
Places emphasis on values, beliefs and organizational
culture.
Objective
To provide client organizations with a framework for making
risked-based decisions.
Background
Most organizations are faced with making decisions that involve
managing risk. These range from committing dollars for new
product development, to deciding on a particular business
direction, to dealing with the hazards employees face in the
place of work. The quality of the risk decision is important,
not only because of the need to make the best use of resources,
but also because of the obligation to assure the organization,
its employees and its clients that the business is not being
jeopardized by a course of action.
How It Works
RANA
Works with the senior level of the organization to
prepare the commitment framework for introducing risk-based
decision making;
Establishes and trains the Risk Management Team,
charged with implementing risk management decision making in
the organization;
Mentors and coaches the organization through
implementation and monitors the movement towards the change in
culture needed to support effective risk management decision
making.
Benefits
Provides a visible and consistent process for making
decisions involving risk;
Helps decision makers show due diligence to the
organization and its clients;
Creates the expectation that decisions are well thought
out and documented;
Helps accelerate implementation of decision by
anticipating hazards;
Creates a culture of in-depth decision making and
allows for emergencies;
Involves stakeholders in the risk decision to
participate in a meaningful way;
Fosters the development of best practices in decision
making.
B509-Other Studies and Analyses
R000-Professional, Administrative and Management Support Services
R001-Specifications Development Services
R014-Operations Research Studies / Quantitative Analysis Studies
R019-Other Professional Services
R115-Contract, Procurement, and Acquisition Support Services
R120-Policy Review/Development Services
R121-Program Evaluation Studies
R123-Program Review/Development Services
R199-Other Administrative and Management Support Services
U000-Educational and Training Services
U001-Lectures For Training
U008-Training/Curriculum Development
U099-Other Education and Training Services
Technology profile
collaborate to make group decisions worldwide.
Accelerate your business processes with a faster, more
effective decision-making tool. WebIQs comprehensive features
and flexible, easy-to-use agenda format address any business
issue from strategic planning to focus groups.
WebIQ enables your team to generate more alternatives and
brainstorm creative options online. Evaluate ideas with a
complete set of qualitative and quantitative functions
including plain language modeling. Each WebIQ session contains
a self-documenting process so your team can compare scenarios
instantly and maintain the session online for anytime, anywhere
reference. Scheduling conflicts are not an issue with this web-
based collaborative tool. Have a virtual team meeting real-time
or participate when your schedule allows.
WebIQ combines the power of collaborative applications,
knowledge management tools and group decision support
technology. WebIQ goes beyond web conferencing and other online
meeting tools to channel your teams expertise into results.
Market profile
Alliances:
- Financial
- Sales/Marketing
Industry sector market interests:
- Environment
- Fishery
- Forestry
- Mining/Petroleum/Gas
- Service Industry
- Tourism
Geographic markets:
Export experience:
- Australia
- Belgium
- Cayman Islands
- France
- Germany
- Ireland
- New Zealand
- South Africa
- United Kingdom
- United States
- United States Minor Outlying Islands
- Virgin Islands (British)
Actively pursuing:
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Bermuda
- Luxembourg
Sector information
Key / Major clients:
Federal, Provincial, State and MunicipalGovernment. Financial institutions. High Tech.
Insurance companies. Manufatureres.
Success stories:
All of our Associates are Certified ProfessionalFacilitators under the International Association
of Facilitators.
Third-Party Information Liability Disclaimer
Some of the information on this Web page has been provided by external sources. The Government of Canada is not responsible for the accuracy, reliability or currency of the information supplied by external sources. Users wishing to rely upon this information should consult directly with the source of the information. Content provided by external sources is not subject to official languages, privacy and accessibility requirements.
Contacts
Contact information
Description
Company description
Products, services and licensing
Product / Service / Licensing
Objective
To provide client organizations with skilled and accredited
work session facilitators able to conduct a broad range of work
sessions.
Background
Many organizations today experience the need for expert
facilitation, using processes that are more adapted to current
realities and challenges. The facilitator might just as well
lead a group through the development of a strategy as through
the establishment of a team, as through risk management
decision making. The basis principles remains the same:
separation of the method used from the content of the session,
strict delineation of roles, and the use of both creative and
logical processes.
How It Works
RANA
For Facilitation 1 Processes, Techniques and Logistics,
provides the client with a skilled facilitator using basic
tools to assist groups with tasks;
For Facilitation 2 Process Management and Intervention,
provides the client organization with advanced facilitators to
lead large-scale interventions in an organization or community,
involving such global processes as Change Management,
Stakeholder Consultation or Strategic Planning;
Facilitation 3 Practicum Studies, provides the client
organization with a completely professional facilitator who has
been tested in the place of work, and mentored and coached as
required.
Benefits
Measures and validates the skills of the new and
experienced facilitator;
Provides the knowledge, skills and motivation to
exercise the trade well;
Focuses on skills and the facilitators performance of
those skills;
Transfers and reinforces the values and ethics of the
professional facilitator;
Builds on the facilitators personality to develop a
personal facilitation style;
Builds in the fundamental concept of continuous
improvement;
Provides linkages to best practices across the world.
Objective
To help senior management model, coach and mentor a corporate
culture that sustains and creates a productive working
environment in which individual people can flourish.
Background
Organizations dont usually set up individual people for their
best behaviour. In fact, most people working in an organization
dont know how to behave with another. Theyll discount
another person, they wont listen to what others are saying,
they wont connect with the other person in thought or
emotion. Often, they wont even extend basic respect. While
they may be smart, sometimes brilliant intellectually, they
lack the basic ability to connect emotionally with those around
them.
How It Works
RANA
Orients successive layers of management to the Gold
Standard, a model for behaving individually and as a team to
ensure positive behaviours in the work place;
Trains an in-house team to carry on the process,
mentoring and coaching its members in the gradual spread of the
Gold Standard throughout the organization;
Moves down through the organization, replicating
mentoring and modeling and renewing productivity, level by
level.
Benefits
Provides the senior team with clear and replicable
standards of behaviour;
Gives managers in the organization clear expectations
on their role;
Increases individual motivation, loyalty and bottom-
line orientation;
Increases understanding of how senior modeling impacts
on the organization;
Frames continuous improvement in a real and measurable
way;
Changes the organization into a community of interest
and a model employer;
Places emphasis on values, beliefs and organizational
culture.
Objective
To provide client organizations with a framework for making
risked-based decisions.
Background
Most organizations are faced with making decisions that involve
managing risk. These range from committing dollars for new
product development, to deciding on a particular business
direction, to dealing with the hazards employees face in the
place of work. The quality of the risk decision is important,
not only because of the need to make the best use of resources,
but also because of the obligation to assure the organization,
its employees and its clients that the business is not being
jeopardized by a course of action.
How It Works
RANA
Works with the senior level of the organization to
prepare the commitment framework for introducing risk-based
decision making;
Establishes and trains the Risk Management Team,
charged with implementing risk management decision making in
the organization;
Mentors and coaches the organization through
implementation and monitors the movement towards the change in
culture needed to support effective risk management decision
making.
Benefits
Provides a visible and consistent process for making
decisions involving risk;
Helps decision makers show due diligence to the
organization and its clients;
Creates the expectation that decisions are well thought
out and documented;
Helps accelerate implementation of decision by
anticipating hazards;
Creates a culture of in-depth decision making and
allows for emergencies;
Involves stakeholders in the risk decision to
participate in a meaningful way;
Fosters the development of best practices in decision
making.
B509-Other Studies and Analyses
R000-Professional, Administrative and Management Support Services
R001-Specifications Development Services
R014-Operations Research Studies / Quantitative Analysis Studies
R019-Other Professional Services
R115-Contract, Procurement, and Acquisition Support Services
R120-Policy Review/Development Services
R121-Program Evaluation Studies
R123-Program Review/Development Services
R199-Other Administrative and Management Support Services
U000-Educational and Training Services
U001-Lectures For Training
U008-Training/Curriculum Development
U099-Other Education and Training Services
Technology
Technology profile
collaborate to make group decisions worldwide.
Accelerate your business processes with a faster, more
effective decision-making tool. WebIQs comprehensive features
and flexible, easy-to-use agenda format address any business
issue from strategic planning to focus groups.
WebIQ enables your team to generate more alternatives and
brainstorm creative options online. Evaluate ideas with a
complete set of qualitative and quantitative functions
including plain language modeling. Each WebIQ session contains
a self-documenting process so your team can compare scenarios
instantly and maintain the session online for anytime, anywhere
reference. Scheduling conflicts are not an issue with this web-
based collaborative tool. Have a virtual team meeting real-time
or participate when your schedule allows.
WebIQ combines the power of collaborative applications,
knowledge management tools and group decision support
technology. WebIQ goes beyond web conferencing and other online
meeting tools to channel your teams expertise into results.
Market
Market profile
Alliances:
- Financial
- Sales/Marketing
Industry sector market interests:
- Environment
- Fishery
- Forestry
- Mining/Petroleum/Gas
- Service Industry
- Tourism
Geographic markets:
Export experience:
- Australia
- Belgium
- Cayman Islands
- France
- Germany
- Ireland
- New Zealand
- South Africa
- United Kingdom
- United States
- United States Minor Outlying Islands
- Virgin Islands (British)
Actively pursuing:
- Bahamas
- Barbados
- Bermuda
- Luxembourg
Sector
Sector information
Key / Major clients:
Federal, Provincial, State and MunicipalGovernment. Financial institutions. High Tech.
Insurance companies. Manufatureres.
Success stories:
All of our Associates are Certified ProfessionalFacilitators under the International Association
of Facilitators.


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Construct a program by drag&dropping and reordering lines from the left to the right. The constructed program should draw a triangle like shown below.
New instance Get feedback


We assume that conventions exist for programs written in one language to call routines written in another language. These conventions specify how to link routines in different languages into one program, how to call functions in a different language, how to pass arguments between languages, and the correspondence between basic data types in different languages. In general, these conventions will be implementation dependent. Furthermore, not every basic datatype may have a matching type in other languages. For example, C character strings may not be compatible with Fortran CHARACTER variables. However, we assume that a Fortran INTEGER, as well as a (sequence associated) Fortran array of INTEGERs, can be passed to a C program. We also assume that Fortran and C have address-sized integers. This does not mean that the default-size integers are the same size as default-sized pointers, but only that there is some way to hold (and pass) a C address in a Fortran integer. It is also assumed that INTEGER(KIND=MPI_OFFSET_KIND) can be passed from Fortran to C as MPI_Offset.


The glossaries package v4.42: a guide for beginners
| Nicola L.C. Talbot |
2019-01-06
Abstract
The glossaries package is very flexible, but this means that it has a lot of options, and since a user guide is supposed to provide a complete list of all the high-level user commands, the main user manual is quite big. This can be rather daunting for beginners, so this document is a brief introduction just to help get you started. If you find yourself saying, “Yeah, but how can I do…?” then it’s time to move on to the main user manual.
I’ve made some statements in this document that don’t actually tell you the full truth, but it would clutter the document and cause confusion if I keep writing “except when …” or “but you can also do this, that or the other” or “you can do it this way but you can also do it that way, but that way may cause complications under certain circumstances”.
As with all packages, you need to load glossaries with \usepackage, but there are certain packages that must be loaded before glossaries, if they are required: hyperref, babel, polyglossia, inputenc and fontenc. (You don’t have to load these packages, but if you want them, you must load them before glossaries.)
Once you have loaded glossaries, you need to define your terms in the preamble and then you can use them throughout the document. Here’s a simple example:
This produces:
Here’s my sample term.
Here’s another example:
This produces:
First use: support vector machine (SVM). Second use: SVM.
In this case, the text produced by \gls{svm} changed after the first use. The first use produced the long form followed by the short form in parentheses because I set the acronym style to long-short. I suggest you try the above two examples to make sure you have the package correctly installed. If you get an undefined control sequence error, check that the version number at the top of this document matches the version you have installed. (Open the .log file and search for the line that starts with Package: glossaries followed by a date and version.)
Abbreviations are slightly different if you use the extension package glossaries-extra (which needs to be installed separately):
If you still want to use \newacronym (rather than \newabbreviation) then you need the optional argument of \setabbreviationstyle:
If you like, you can put all your definitions in another file (for example, defns.tex) and load that file in the preamble using \loadglsentries with the filename as the argument. For example:
If you find you have a really large number of definitions that are hard to manage in a .tex file, you might want to have a look at bib2gls (installed separately) which requires a .bib format instead that can be managed by an application such as JabRef.
Don’t try inserting formatting commands into the definitions as they can interfere with the underlying mechanism. Instead, the formatting should be done by the style. For example, suppose I want to replace SVM with \textsc{svm}, then I need to select a style that uses \textsc, like this (for the base glossaries style):
The abbreviation styles have a different naming scheme with glossaries-extra:
With glossaries-extra you can have multiple abbreviation styles for different categories. Many of these styles have their own associated formatting commands that can be redefined for minor adjustments. For example:
This produces:
First use: support vector machine (svm), Clostridium botulinum.
Next use: svm, C. botulinum.
As you can hopefully see from the above examples, there are two main ways of defining a term: as a general entry (\newglossaryentry) or as an abbreviation (\newacronym or, with glossaries-extra, \newabbreviation).
Regardless of the method of defining a term, the term is always given a label. In the first example, the label was ex and in the other examples the label was svm (and cbot in the last example). The label is used to uniquely identify the term (like the standard \label/\ref or \cite mechanism). It’s best to just use the following alphanumerics in the labels: a, …, z, A, …, Z, 0, …, 9. Sometimes you can also use punctuation characters but not if another package (such as babel) meddles with them. Don’t try using any characters outside of the basic Latin set with inputenc (for example, é or ß) or things will go horribly wrong. This warning only applies to the label. It doesn’t apply to the text that appears in the document.
The above examples are reasonably straightforward. The difficulty comes if you want to display a sorted list of all the entries you have used in the document. The glossaries-extra package provides a really easy way of listing all the defined entries:
However this method doesn’t sort the entries (they’re listed in order of definition) and it will display all the defined entries, regardless of whether or not you’ve used them all in the document, so “turnip” appears in the glossary even though there’s no \gls{turnip} (or similar) in the document.
The sort=none option isn’t essential in this case (there’s no other sort option available for this document), but it prevents the automatic construction of the sort value and so slightly improves the document build time.
Note that this example document uses the same command (\printunsrtglossaries) that’s used with bib2gls (Option 4) but with bib2gls you instead need to use the record package option and one or more instances of \GlsXtrLoadResources in the preamble (see below).
Most users prefer to have an automatically sorted list that only contains entries that have been used in the document. The glossaries package provides three options: use TEX to perform the sorting (Option 1); use makeindex to perform the sorting (Option 2); use xindy to perform the sorting (Option 3). The extension package glossaries-extra provides a fourth method: use bib2gls (Option 4).
The first option (using TEX) is the simplest method, as it doesn’t require an external tool, but it’s very inefficient and the sorting is done according to the English alphabet. To use this method, add \makenoidxglossaries to the preamble and put \printnoidxglossaries at the place where you want your glossary. For example:
Try this out and run LATEX (or pdfLATEX) twice. The first run won’t show the glossary. It will only appear on the second run. This doesn’t include “turnip” in the glossary because that term hasn’t been used (with commands like \gls{turnip}) in the document.
The glossary has a vertical gap between the “carrot” term and the “potato” term. This is because the entries in the glossaries are grouped according to their first letter. If you don’t want this gap, just add nogroupskip to the package options:
or you may want to try out a style that shows the group headings:
If you try out this example you may also notice that the description is followed by a full stop (period) and a number. The number is the location in the document where the entry was used (page 1 in this case), so you can lookup the term in the glossary and be directed to the relevant pages. It may be that you don’t want this back-reference, in which case you can suppress it using the nonumberlist package option:
If you don’t like the terminating full stop, you can suppress that with the nopostdot package option:
If you tried out the previous example with glossaries-extra and \printunsrtglossaries the terminating full stop is missing and there are no number lists. You can add the full stop back with
or
If you want the number lists then you need to use an indexing option.
You may have noticed that I’ve used another command in the above example: \glspl. This displays the plural form. By default, this is just the singular form with the letter “s” appended, but in the case of “potato” I had to specify the correct plural using the plural key.
As I mentioned earlier, using TEX to sort the entries is the simplest but least efficient method. If you have a large glossary or if your terms contain non-Latin or extended Latin characters, then you will have a much faster build time if you use makeindex (Option 2) or xindy (Option 3) or bib2gls (Option 4). If you are using extended Latin or non-Latin characters, then xindy or bib2gls are the recommended methods. These methods are described in more detail in §4 Displaying a List of Entries.
The rest of this document briefly describes the main commands provided by the glossaries package. (Most of these are also available with glossaries-extra but may behave slightly differently.)
When you use the glossaries package, you need to define glossary entries in the document preamble. These entries could be a word, phrase, abbreviation or symbol. They’re usually accompanied by a description, which could be a short sentence or an in-depth explanation that spans multiple paragraphs. The simplest method of defining an entry is to use:
where ⟨label⟩ is a unique label that identifies this entry. (Don’t include the angle brackets ⟨ ⟩. They just indicate the parts of the code you need to change when you use this command in your document.) The ⟨name⟩ is the word, phrase or symbol you are defining, and ⟨description⟩ is the description to be displayed in the glossary.
This command is a “short” command, which means that ⟨description⟩ can’t contain a paragraph break. If you have a long description, you can instead use:
Examples:
(This will also need a sort key if you use Options 1 or 3, see below.)
(The percent character discards the end of line character that would otherwise cause an unwanted space to appear at the start of the description.)
or
(For further details, see the section “UTF-8” of the mfirstuc user manual.)
If you use bib2gls with glossaries-extra then the terms must be defined in a .bib file. For example:
and the .bib file is specified in the resource command. For example, if the .bib file is called entries.bib then put the following line in the document preamble:
You can have a comma-separated list. For example, if you also have entries defined in the file entries2.bib:
There are other keys you can use when you define an entry. For example, the name key indicates how the term should appear in the list of entries (glossary), but if the term should appear differently when you reference it with \gls{⟨label⟩} in the document, you need to use the text key as well.
For example:
This will appear in the text as “Latin alphabet” but will be listed in the glossary as “Latin Alphabet”. With bib2gls this entry is defined in the .bib file as:
Another commonly used key is plural for specifying the plural of the term. This defaults to the value of the text key with an “s” appended, but if this is incorrect, just use the plural key to override it:
(Remember from earlier that the initial ligature \oe needs to be grouped.)
Abbreviations can be defined using
where ⟨label⟩ is the label (as per \newglossaryentry), ⟨short⟩ is the short form and ⟨long⟩ is the long form. For example, the following defines an abbreviation:
This internally uses \newglossaryentry to define an entry with the label svm. By default, the name key is set to ⟨short⟩ (“SVM” in the above example) and the description key is set to ⟨long⟩ (“support vector machine” in the above example). If, instead, you want to be able to specify your own description you can do this using the optional argument:
Before you define your acronyms (or other types of abbreviations), you need to specify which style to use with
where ⟨style name⟩ is the name of the style. There are a number of predefined styles, such as: long-short (on first use display the long form with the short form in parentheses); short-long (on first use display the short form with the long form in parentheses); long-short-desc (like long-short but you need to specify the description); or short-long-desc (like short-long but you need to specify the description). There are some other styles as well that use \textsc to typeset the acronym or that use a footnote on first use. See the main user guide for further details.
The glossaries-extra package provides improved abbreviation handling with a lot more predefined styles. With this extension package, abbreviations are defined using:
You can still use \newacronym but it’s redefined to use the new abbreviation interface. The style must now be set using:
The default ⟨category⟩ is abbreviation. If you use \newacronym the category is acronym, which is why you need to use the optional argument if you define abbreviations with \newacronym when glossaries-extra has been loaded:
The plural forms for abbreviations can be specified using the longplural and shortplural keys. For example:
If omitted, the defaults are again obtained by appending an “s” to the singular versions. With bib2gls, the definition in the .bib file is:
It’s also possible to have both a name and a corresponding symbol. Just use the name key for the name and the symbol key for the symbol. For example:
or with bib2gls the definition in the .bib file is:
If you want the symbol in the name field then you must supply a sort value with Options 1 and 3 otherwise you’ll end up with errors from TEX or xindy. With Option 2 (makeindex) it’s not quite so important but you may find the resulting order is a little odd. For example:
This displays the symbol as ∅ but sorts according to “empty set”. You may want to consider using glossaries-extra’s symbols package option which provides
This internally uses \newglossaryentry but automatically sets the sort key to the ⟨label⟩. For example:
Now the sort value is “emptyset” rather than the previous “empty set”.
With bib2gls you can define this in the .bib file as
in which case bib2gls will try to interpret the name field to determine the sort value. Alternatively you can use:
which will use the label (emptyset) as the sort value. (You don’t need the symbols package option in this case, unless you want a separate symbols list.) The corresponding document (where the definition is in the file entries.bib) is now:
Once you have defined your entries, as described above, you can reference them in your document. There are a number of commands to do this, but the most common one is:
where ⟨label⟩ is the label you assigned to the entry when you defined it. For example, \gls{fishage} will display “Fish Age” in the text (given the definition from the previous section). If you are using bib2gls then this will display ?? (like \ref and \cite) until bib2gls has created the relevant files and LATEX is rerun.
If you are using the hyperref package (remember to load it before glossaries) \gls will create a hyperlink to the corresponding entry in the glossary. If you want to suppress the hyperlink for a particular instance, use the starred form \gls* for example, \gls*{fishage}. The other commands described in this section all have a similar starred form.
If the entry was defined as an acronym (using \newacronym with glossaries described above) or an abbreviation (using \newabbreviation with glossaries-extra), then \gls will display the full form the first time it’s used and just the short form on subsequent use. For example, if the style is set to long-short, then \gls{svm} will display “support vector machine (SVM)” the first time it’s used, but the next occurrence of \gls{svm} will just display “SVM”. (If you use \newacronym with glossaries-extra the default doesn’t show the long form on first use. You’ll need to change the style first, as described earlier.)
If you want the plural form, you can use:
instead of \gls{⟨label⟩}. For example, \glspl{set} displays “sets”.
If the term appears at the start of a sentence, you can convert the first letter to upper case using:
for the singular form or
for the plural form. For example:
produces “Sets are collections”.
If you’ve specified a symbol using the symbol key, you can display it using:
In §1 Getting Started, I mentioned that there are three options you can choose from to create an automatically sorted glossary with the base glossaries package. These are also available with the extension package glossaries-extra along with a fourth option. These four options are listed below in a little more detail. Table 1 summarises the main advantages and disadvantages. (There’s a more detailed summary in the main glossaries user manual.) See also Incorporating makeglossaries or makeglossaries-lite or bib2gls into the document build.
|
| Option 1 | Option 2 | Option 3 | Option 4 |
| ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ | |
| Requires an external application? | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Requires Perl? | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ | ✘ |
| Requires Java? | ✘ | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ |
| Can sort extended Latin or non-Latin alphabets? | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Efficient sort algorithm? | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Can use different sort methods for each glossary? | ✔ | ✘ | ✘ | ✔ |
| Any problematic sort values? | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ | ✘ |
| Can form ranges in the location lists? | ✘ | ✔ | ✔ | ✔ |
| Can have non-standard locations? | ✔ | ✘ | ✔† | ✔ |
† Requires some setting up.
This is the simplest option but it’s slow and if you want a sorted list, it doesn’t work for non-Latin alphabets. The name mustn’t contain commands (or, if it does, the sort value must be supplied) unless you have the package option sanitizesort or sort=def or sort=use.
where you want your list of entries to appear. The sort ⟨order⟩ may be one of: word (word ordering), letter (letter ordering), case (case-sensitive letter ordering), def (in order of definition) or use (in order of use). Alternatively, use
to display all your glossaries (if you have more than one). This command doesn’t have any arguments.
This option allows you to have different sort methods. For example:
Here’s a complete document (myDoc.tex):
Document build:
This option uses an application called makeindex to sort the entries. This application comes with all modern TEX distributions, but it’s hard-coded for the non-extended Latin alphabet. This process involves making LATEX write the glossary information to a temporary file which makeindex reads. Then makeindex writes a new file containing the code to typeset the glossary. LATEX then reads this file on the next run. The makeindex application is automatically invoked by the helper makeglossaries script, which works out all the appropriate settings from the .aux file.
Use this as soon as possible after you’ve loaded the glossaries package.
where you want your list of entries (glossary) to appear. (The sort key isn’t available in ⟨options⟩.) Alternatively, use
which will display all glossaries (if you have more than one). This command doesn’t have any arguments.
(Replace myDoc with the base name of your LATEX document file without the .tex extension. Avoid spaces in the file name.)  You will have to check your editor’s manual. If you still have problems, try adding the automake package option:
The default sort is word order (“sea lion” comes before “seal”). If you want letter ordering you need to add the order=letter package option
Here’s a complete document (myDoc.tex):
Document build:
or
This option uses an application called xindy to sort the entries. This application is more flexible than makeindex and is able to sort extended Latin or non-Latin alphabets. It comes with both TEX Live and MiKTEX. Since xindy is a Perl script, you will also need to ensure that Perl is installed. In a similar way to Option 2, this option involves making LATEX write the glossary information to a temporary file which xindy reads. Then xindy writes a new file containing the code to typeset the glossary. LATEX then reads this file on the next run. The xindy application is automatically invoked by the helper makeglossaries script, which works out all the appropriate settings from the .aux file.
where you want your list of entries (glossary) to appear. (The sort key isn’t available in ⟨options⟩.) Alternatively, use
(Replace myDoc with the base name of your LATEX document file without the .tex extension. Avoid spaces in the file name. If you don’t know how to use the command prompt, then as mentioned above, you may be able to configure your text editor to add makeglossaries as a build tool.
The default sort is word order (“sea lion” comes before “seal”). If you want letter ordering you need to add the order=letter package option:
Here’s a complete document (myDoc.tex):
Document build:
This requires the extension package glossaries-extra and an application called bib2gls. This application is able to sort extended Latin or non-Latin alphabets. It comes with both TEX Live and MiKTEX but requires at least Java 7. This method works differently to Options 2 and 3. Instead of creating a file containing the code to typeset the glossary it creates a .glstex file containing the entry definitions fetched from the .bib file (or files), but only those entries that are required in the document are defined and they are defined in the order obtained from the chosen sort method. This means that you can just use \printunsrtglossary to display each glossary (or \printunsrtglossaries to display them all).
to your preamble where ⟨bib list⟩ is the list of .bib files containing the entries. You may use different sort methods for each resource set. For example:
The last resource set assumes that the entries defined in the file constants.bib have a number stored in the user1 field. For example:
where you want your list of entries (glossary) to appear. (The sort key isn’t available in ⟨options⟩. It needs to be used in \GlsXtrLoadResources instead.) Alternatively, use
or (if you need letter groups)
Here’s a complete document (myDoc.tex):
The accompanying entries.bib file:
Document build:
If you are having difficulty integrating makeglossaries into your document build process, you may want to consider using arara, which is a Java application that searches the document for special comment lines that tell arara which applications to run. For example, the file myDoc.tex might start with:
then to build the document you just need the single system call:
(The currently pending version 4.0 of arara has directives for makeglossaries-lite and bib2gls. These aren’t available in earlier versions, but you could try copying and adapting the makeglossaries.yaml file and replace makeglossaries as appropriate.)
When sorting the entries, the string comparisons are made according to each entry’s sort key. If this is omitted, the name key is used. For example, recall the earlier definition:
No sort key was used, so it’s set to the same as the name key: {\’e}lite. How this is interpreted depends on which option you have used:
Note that even if the name is given as {\’e}lite, the letter group heading (if the --group switch is used) may end up with the character É depending on the locale used by the sort comparator. In this case you will need to ensure the document can support this character either with inputenc or by switching to a LATEX engine with native UTF-8 support.
If the inputenc package is used:
and the entry is defined as:
With the correct encoding set up, bib2gls will determine that the sort value is élite and will place it in whatever letter group is appropriate for the given sort rule. For example, sort=en-GB (or just sort=en) will put élite in the “E” letter group, but another language might put it in the “É” letter group.
Therefore if you have extended Latin or non-Latin characters, your best option is to use either xindy (Option 3) or bib2gls (Option 4) with the inputenc or fontspec package. If you use makeindex (Option 2) you need to specify the sort key like this:
or
If you use Option 3 and the name only contains a command or commands (such as \P or \ensuremath{\pi}) you must add the sort key. This is also advisable for the other options (except Option 4), but is essential for Option 3. For example:
The default glossary style uses the description environment to display the entry list. Each entry name is set in the optional argument of \item which means that it will typically be displayed in bold. You can switch to medium weight by redefining \glsnamefont:
Some classes and packages redefine the description environment in such as way that’s incompatible with the glossaries package. In which case you’ll need to select a different glossary style (see below).
By default, a full stop is appended to the description (unless you use glossaries-extra). To prevent this from happening use the nopostdot package option:
or to add it with glossaries-extra:
By default, a location list is displayed for each entry (unless you use \printunsrtglossary without bib2gls). This refers to the document locations (for example, the page number) where the entry has been referenced. If you use Options 2 or 3 described in §4 Displaying a List of Entries or Option 4 (with bib2gls and glossaries-extra) then location ranges will be compressed. For example, if an entry was used on pages 1, 2 and 3, with Options 2 or 3 or Option 4 the location list will appear as 1–3, but with Option 1 it will appear as 1, 2, 3. If you don’t want the locations displayed you can hide them using the nonumberlist package option:
or with bib2gls use save-locations=false in the optional argument of the appropriate \GlsXtrLoadResources (it’s possible to have some resource sets with locations and some without).
Entries are grouped according to the first letter of each entry’s sort key. By default a vertical gap is placed between letter groups. You can suppress this with the nogroupskip package option:
If the default style doesn’t suit your document, you can change the style using:
There are a number of predefined styles. Glossaries can vary from a list of symbols with a terse description to a list of words or phrases with descriptions that span multiple paragraphs, so there’s no “one style fits all” solution. You need to choose a style that suits your document. For example:
You can also use the style package option for the preloaded styles. For example:
Examples:
or
or
or one of the “tree” styles:
If your glossary consists of a list of abbreviations and you also want to specify a description as well as the long form, then you need to use an abbreviation style that will suit the glossary style. For example, use the long-short-desc acronym style:
Define the acronyms with a description:
Alternatively with glossaries-extra:
Choose a glossary style that suits wide entry names. For example:
The glossaries package predefines a default main glossary. When you define an entry (using one of the commands described in §2 Defining Terms), that entry is automatically assigned to the default glossary, unless you indicate otherwise using the type key. However you first need to make sure the desired glossary has been defined. This is done using:
The ⟨label⟩ is a label that uniquely identifies this new glossary. As with other types of identifying labels, be careful not to use active characters in ⟨label⟩. The final argument ⟨title⟩ is the section or chapter heading used by \printglossary or \printnoidxglossary. The other arguments indicate the file extensions used by makeindex/xindy (described in §4 Displaying a List of Entries). If you use Option 1 described above (or bib2gls and \printunsrtglossaries), then the ⟨glg⟩, ⟨gls⟩ and ⟨glo⟩ arguments are ignored, in which case you may prefer to use the starred version where you don’t specify the extensions:
In the case of Options 2 or 3, all glossary definitions must come before \makeglossaries. (Entries definitions should come after \makeglossaries.) In the case of Option 4, all glossary definitions must come before any \GlsXtrLoadResources that requires them.
Since it’s quite common for documents to have both a list of terms and a list of abbreviations, the glossaries package provides the package option acronym (or acronyms), which is a convenient shortcut for
The option also changes the behaviour of \newacronym so that acronyms are automatically put in the list of acronyms instead of the main glossary. The glossaries-extra package also provides this option for abbreviations defined using \newacronym but additionally has the package option abbreviations to create a list of abbreviations for \newabbreviation.
There are some other package options for creating commonly used lists: symbols (lists of symbols), numbers (lists of numbers), index (index of terms without descriptions defined with \newterm[⟨options⟩]{⟨label⟩}).
For example, suppose you want a main glossary for terms, a list of acronyms and a list of notation:
After \makeglossaries (or \makenoidxglossaries) you can define the entries in the preamble. For example:
or if you don’t like using \ensuremath:
Each glossary is displayed using:
(Option 1) or
(Options 2 and 3). Where ⟨type⟩ is the glossary label. If the type is omitted the default main glossary is assumed.
If you’re using bib2gls then each glossary is displayed using:
With this method you don’t use \makeglossaries or \makenoidxglossaries. Instead you can assign the entry type with the resource command. For example:
Later in the document:
There’s a convenient shortcut that will display all the defined glossaries depending on the indexing method:
(Option 1) or
(Options 2 and 3) or (glossaries-extra only)
If you use Option 1, you don’t need to do anything else. If you use Options 2 or 3 with the makeglossaries Perl script or the makeglossaries-lite Lua script, you similarly don’t need to do anything else. If you use Options 2 or 3 without the makeglossaries Perl script then you need to make sure you run makeindex/xindy for each defined glossary. The ⟨gls⟩ and ⟨glo⟩ arguments of \newglossary specify the file extensions to use instead of .gls and .glo. The optional argument ⟨glg⟩ is the file extension for the transcript file. This should be different for each glossary in case you need to check for makeindex/xindy errors or warnings if things go wrong.
For example, suppose you have three glossaries in your document (main, acronym and notation), specified using:
Then (assuming your LATEX document is in a file called myDoc.tex):
or
Or you need to run makeindex three times:
Or you need to run xindy three times (be careful not to insert line breaks where the line has wrapped.)
(Omit --group if you don’t need letter groups.)
Take care if you use the glossaries package with hyperref. Contrary to the usual advice that hyperref should be loaded last, glossaries (and glossaries-extra) must be loaded after hyperref:
If you use hyperref make sure you use PDFLATEX rather than the LATEX to DVI engine. The DVI format can’t break hyperlinks across a line so long glossary entries (such as the full form of acronyms) won’t line wrap with the DVI engine. Also, hyperlinks in sub- or superscripts aren’t correctly sized with the DVI format.
By default, if the hyperref package has been loaded, commands like \gls will form a hyperlink to the relevant entry in the glossary. If you to disable this for all your glossaries, then use
If you want hyperlinks suppressed for entries in specific glossaries, then use the nohypertypes package option. For example, if you don’t want hyperlinks for entries in the acronym and notation glossaries but you do want them for entries in the main glossary, then do:
If you want the hyperlinks suppressed the first time an entry is used, but you want hyperlinks for subsequence references then use the hyperfirst=false package option:
Take care not to use non-expandable commands in PDF bookmarks. This isn’t specific to the glossaries package but is a limitation of PDF bookmarks. Non-expandable commands include commands like \gls, \glspl, \Gls and \Glspl. The hyperref package provides a way of specifying alternative text for the PDF bookmarks via \texorpdfstring. For example:
However, it’s not a good idea to use commands like \gls in a section heading as you’ll end up with the table of contents in your location list. Instead you can use
This is expandable provided that the text key doesn’t contain non-expandable code. For example, the following works:
and it doesn’t put the table of contents in the location list.
If you use glossaries-extra then use the commands that are provided specifically for use in section headers. For example:
You can add a reference to another entry in a location list using the see={⟨label list⟩} key when you define an entry. The referenced entry (or entries) must also be defined.
For example:
The cross-reference will appear as “see Devonian”. You can change the “see” tag using the format see=[⟨tag⟩]⟨label⟩. For example:
If you use the see key in the optional argument of \newacronym, make sure you enclose the value in braces. For example:
The glossaries-extra package provides a seealso key. This doesn’t allow a tag but behaves much like see={[\seealsoname]{⟨label⟩}}. For example:
Since the cross-reference appears in the location list, if you suppress the location list using the nonumberlist package option, then the cross-reference will also be suppressed. With bib2gls, don’t use the nonumberlist package option. Instead use the save-locations=false in the resource options. For example:
1deprecated, use babel instead


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About
This website is part of the course websoft DA377B at Högskolan Kristianstad.
The content on this website is related to the different tasks we are to do in this course. It will be continously updated with new features and pages during this course. Hopefully by the end of this course I will be quite familiar with the different techniques and tools used in web-development.
Below you will find links to the relevant repositories used in this course.
Click here to get to the course repository
Click here to get to the my forked version of the course repository


uri_destroy — free the resources used by a URI
URI parsing library (liburi, -luri)
#include <liburi.h>
int uri_destroy(
URI *uri)
;
The uri_destroy
function frees a URI, releasing
any resources used by it. The URI must previously have been created
using uri_create_str(3) or uri_create_uri(3).
If uri
is NULL
,
uri_destroy
does nothing, and returns successfully.
uri
The URI to free.
uri_destroy
always returns zero.
liburi(3), uri_create_str(3), uri_create_uri(3).


GOP Rep. Mark Green on Impeachment Hearings: 'If This Is Their Shock and Awe, I'm Yawning' | Breitbart
by Jeff PoorWhile some in the media and on the Democratic side of the aisle are proclaiming “the end is nigh” regarding the Trump presidency and impeachment, Rep. Mark Green (R-TN) is having none of it.
During an appearance on CNN on Thursday, Green offered his thoughts on congressional Democrats’ effort to impeachment President Donald Trump and said resulted in him “yawning.”
“You know, I was — if this is their shock and awe, I’m yawning,” Green said to CNN’s Wolf Blitzer. “So a staffer overheard a phone call in a restaurant. I think it’s absurd that we’re even having that conversation. That would not even be admissible in any kind of court proceeding in the land. It’s just ridiculous that this is what — this is the best they got. Yesterday was the best they got, and it was an overheard phone conversation at a restaurant. That’s just crazy.”
Follow Jeff Poor on Twitter @jeff_poor


Assignment 4
In this assignment, you’ll combine the assignment 3 data set with nutrition data from the USDA Food Composition Databases. The CSV file fresh.csv
contains the fresh fruits and vegetables data you extracted in assignment 3.
The USDA Food Composition Databases have a documented web API that returns data in JSON format . You need a key in order to use the API. Only 1000 requests are allowed per hour, so it would be a good idea to use caching.
Sign up for an API key here. The key will work with any Data.gov API. You may need the key again later in the quarter, so make sure you save it.
These modules may be useful:
Exercise 1.1. Read the search request documentation, then write a function called ndb_search()
that makes a search request. The function should accept the search term as an argument. The function should return the search result items as a list (for 0 items, return an empty list).
Note that the search url is: https://api.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search
As an example, a search for "quail eggs"
should return this list:
[{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'CHAOKOH, QUAIL EGG IN BRINE, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>86',
u'ndbno': u'45094707',
u'offset': 0},
{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'L&W, QUAIL EGGS, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>56',
u'ndbno': u'45094890',
u'offset': 1},
{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'BUDDHA, QUAIL EGGS IN BRINE, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>98',
u'ndbno': u'45099560',
u'offset': 2},
{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'GRAN SABANA, QUAIL EGGS, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>03',
u'ndbno': u'45169279',
u'offset': 3},
{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u"D'ARTAGNAN, QUAIL EGGS, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>30",
u'ndbno': u'45178254',
u'offset': 4},
{u'ds': u'SR',
u'group': u'Dairy and Egg Products',
u'name': u'Egg, quail, whole, fresh, raw',
u'ndbno': u'01140',
u'offset': 5}]
As usual, make sure you document and test your function.
from urllib2 import Request, urlopen
from urlparse import urlparse, urlunparse
import requests, requests_cache
import pandas as pd
import json
# my API key
key = "ULxnv6kWU0vTif6L3wHrB5MIkQKj0PrM3IfgfWbG"
requests_cache.install_cache('food_cache')
---------------------------------------------------------------------------
NameError Traceback (most recent call last)
<ipython-input-10-1e21dcdbe5e7> in <module>()
----> 1 requests_cache.install_cache('food_cache')
NameError: name 'requests_cache' is not defined
# generate the query request to search for results
# Notes: The request will return a JSON object. Default sort = "r", aka relevance
# EXAMPLE URL: https://api.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/?api_key=ULxnv6kWU0vTif6L3wHrB5MIkQKj0PrM3IfgfWbG&format=json&q=mushroom
maxResults = 5
def get_request(key, searchObject):
urlbase = "https://api.nal.usda.gov/ndb/search/"
params = {"q":searchObject}
params.update({"format":"json"})
params.update({"api_key":key})
params.update({"max":maxResults})
return requests.get(urlbase,params=params)
get_request(key, "mushroom")
<Response [200]>
def ndb_search(searchObject):
searchList = []
request = get_request(key, searchObject)
searchList = request.json()
return searchList[u'list'][u'item']
ndb_search("mushroom")
[{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'MUSHROOM GRAVY MADE WITH REAL MUSHROOMS, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>65',
u'ndbno': u'45077161',
u'offset': 0},
{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'BARTOLINI, EXTRA VIRGIN OLIVE OIL WITH MUSHROOM OIL, PORCINI MUSHROOM OIL, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>41',
u'ndbno': u'45168655',
u'offset': 1},
{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'MUSHROOM HOUSE, DRIED OYSTER MUSHROOMS, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>66',
u'ndbno': u'45184863',
u'offset': 2},
{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'MUSHROOM HOUSE, SHIITAKE DRIED MUSHROOMS, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>60',
u'ndbno': u'45184864',
u'offset': 3},
{u'ds': u'BL',
u'group': u'Branded Food Products Database',
u'name': u'MUSHROOM HOUSE, DRIED MUSHROOMS, UPC:<PHONE_NUMBER>62',
u'ndbno': u'45184865',
u'offset': 4}]
Exercise 1.2. Use your search function to get NDB numbers for the foods in the fresh.csv
file. It’s okay if you don’t get an NDB number for every food, but try to come up with a strategy that gets most of them. Discuss your strategy in a short paragraph.
Hints:
- The foods are all raw and unbranded.
- You can test search terms with the online search page.
- You can convert the output of
ndb_search()
to a data frame withpd.DataFrame()
. - The string methods for Python and Pandas are useful here. It’s okay if you use simple regular expressions in the Pandas methods, although this exercise can be solved without them.
- You can merge data frames that have a column in common with
pd.merge()
.
Note: I use both raw_fresh and fresh throughout the code. This was because I later updated the rows of fresh to sort by food name alphabetically, so it messed up the ordering. I use raw_fresh for the old index order.
raw_fresh = pd.read_csv("fresh.csv")
fresh = raw_fresh.sort_values(by = "food")
fresh.head()
| form | price_per_lb | yield | lb_per_cup | price_per_cup | food | type | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 34 | Fresh1 | 1.172248 | 0.458554 | 0.451948 | 1.155360 | acorn_squash | vegetables |
| 15 | Fresh1 | 1.567515 | 0.900000 | 0.242508 | 0.422373 | apples | fruit |
| 9 | Fresh1 | 3.040072 | 0.930000 | 0.363763 | 1.189102 | apricots | fruit |
| 44 | Fresh1 | 2.213050 | 0.375309 | 0.385809 | 2.274967 | artichoke | vegetables |
| 24 | Fresh1 | 3.213494 | 0.493835 | 0.396832 | 2.582272 | asparagus | vegetables |
After searching on the online page, I noticed the majority have the word are formatted “[fruit/vegetable], raw”, so I will adjust my search to include that in the parameter. Entries with more than one word are separted by a “, “.
In order to find the fresh fruit or vegetable you are looking for, I am modifying the search term to make it appear on top. Modifications include:
- Adding ', raw' to the end of every entry
- Splitting multi-word entries with a comma
- Dealing with special cases
I wrote a function called modify_search_term which will deal with multi-word entries by splitting them up and adding “raw” at the end of each term. check_if_found makes sure that we get the item that we want. It goes to look into the food item’s group to make sure it belongs to the “Vegetables and Vegetable Products” group or the “Fruits and Fruit Juices” group, and not some branded entry.
grab_correct_entry builds off check_if_found and goes through the search result list and returns the first entry which check_if_found is equal to True.
These functions culminate to get_ndbno, which takes an entry from the fresh.csv and outputs its corresponding nbd number.
The output is generated in the for loop, which creates a dictionary of foods and their ndb number. The for loop passes whenever get_ndb does not output a favorable result.
def modify_search_term(food):
searchTerm = food
if "_" in food: # two+ word i.e. "collard_greens"
searchTerm = ", ".join(food.split('_'))
return searchTerm + ", raw"
modify_search_term("lettuce_iceberg")
'lettuce, iceberg, raw'
Write something to deal with when the group isn’t Vegetables and Vegetable Products or Fruits and Fruit Products. Raise a flag to indicate that the raw fruit wasn’t found.
def check_if_found(foodJson):
foodGroup = foodJson[u'group']
if (foodGroup == u'Vegetables and Vegetable Products') or (foodGroup == u'Fruits and Fruit Juices'):
return True
else:
return False
def grab_correct_entry(jsonList):
for result in jsonList:
if check_if_found(result):
return result
return None
# main function to get ndb number
def get_ndbno(entry):
searchTerm = modify_search_term(entry)
searchResults = ndb_search(searchTerm)
foodEntry = grab_correct_entry(searchResults)
if foodEntry is None:
return float('NaN')
return foodEntry['ndbno']
lettuce = get_ndbno("lettuce_iceberg")
get_ndbno('watermelon')
u'09326'
# write a function to handle duplicates (cabbage and cucumbers)
# input: takes the index for the row the food is located in raw_fresh
# outputs new search term
def look_for_details(ind):
freshForm = raw_fresh.loc[ind][0]
detail = freshForm.split(" ")[1:][0]
#return detail
if detail[len(detail) - 1] == "1":
detail = detail[:(len(detail) - 1)]
return fresh.loc[ind]['food'] + ", " + detail
look_for_details(26)
'cucumbers, peeled'
This function does not grab as many terms if I were to make it more specific. However, I kept it more general in case the data gets larger, so the look_for_details function would be able to grab more instances.
This goes through all of the food in the fresh csv. It tries to get all the ndb numbers by using the function get_ndbno(). If a duplicate is found, it will use the function look_for_details() and modify the term that you will be searching for (cabbage -> red cabbage). Assumes that the first instance of duplicate pair will be original (uses cabbage) and 2nd will be a variation (red cabbage).
ndbNumbers = {}
badRows = []
for idx, food in enumerate(raw_fresh['food']):
if food in ndbNumbers.keys(): # duplicate
food = look_for_details(idx)
try:
ndbNumbers[food] = get_ndbno(food)
except:
badRows.append(idx)
pass
ndbNumbers # didn't get kiwi, and cucumbers is wrong (not the consumed with peel)
{'acorn_squash': u'11482',
'apples': u'09003',
'apricots': u'09021',
'artichoke': u'11226',
'asparagus': u'11011',
'avocados': u'09038',
'bananas': u'09040',
'blackberries': u'09042',
'blueberries': u'09050',
'brussels_sprouts': u'11098',
'butternut_squash': u'11485',
'cabbage': u'11503',
'cabbage, red': u'11112',
'cantaloupe': u'09181',
'cherries': u'09276',
'collard_greens': u'11161',
'corn_sweet': u'11900',
'cucumbers': u'11206',
'cucumbers, peeled': u'11206',
'grapefruit': u'09117',
'grapes': u'09129',
'green_beans': u'11052',
'green_peppers': u'11333',
'honeydew': u'09184',
'kale': u'11233',
'lettuce_iceberg': u'11252',
'mangoes': u'09176',
'mustard_greens': u'11270',
'nectarines': u'09191',
'okra': u'11278',
'onions': u'11282',
'oranges': u'09201',
'papaya': u'09226',
'peaches': u'09236',
'pears': u'09252',
'pineapple': u'09266',
'plums': u'09279',
'pomegranate': u'09286',
'potatoes': u'11362',
'radish': u'11429',
'raspberries': u'09302',
'red_peppers': u'11821',
'strawberries': u'09316',
'summer_squash': u'11475',
'sweet_potatoes': u'11507',
'tangerines': u'09221',
'turnip_greens': u'11568',
'watermelon': u'09326'}
ndb_df = pd.DataFrame(ndbNumbers.values(), index = ndbNumbers.keys(), columns = ['ndbNo'])
ndb_df.head()
| ndbNo | |
|---|---|
| red_peppers | 11821 |
| bananas | 09040 |
| lettuce_iceberg | 11252 |
| radish | 11429 |
| corn_sweet | 11900 |
ndb_df = ndb_df.sort_index()
ndb_df.head()
| ndbNo | |
|---|---|
| acorn_squash | 11482 |
| apples | 09003 |
| apricots | 09021 |
| artichoke | 11226 |
| asparagus | 11011 |
Exercise 1.3. Read the food reports V2 documentation, then write a function called ndb_report()
that requests a basic food report. The function should accept the NDB number as an argument and return the list of nutrients for the food.
Note that the report url is: https://api.nal.usda.gov/ndb/V2/reports
For example, for "09279"
(raw plums) the first element of the returned list should be:
{u'group': u'Proximates',
u'measures': [{u'eqv': 165.0,
u'eunit': u'g',
u'label': u'cup, sliced',
u'qty': 1.0,
u'value': u'143.93'},
{u'eqv': 66.0,
u'eunit': u'g',
u'label': u'fruit (2-1/8" dia)',
u'qty': 1.0,
u'value': u'57.57'},
{u'eqv': 151.0,
u'eunit': u'g',
u'label': u'NLEA serving',
u'qty': 1.0,
u'value': u'131.72'}],
u'name': u'Water',
u'nutrient_id': u'255',
u'unit': u'g',
u'value': u'87.23'}
Be sure to document and test your function.
def ndb_report(ndbNumber):
url = "https://api.nal.usda.gov/ndb/V2/reports/"
querystring = {"ndbno":ndbNumber,"api_key":"ULxnv6kWU0vTif6L3wHrB5MIkQKj0PrM3IfgfWbG","format":"json","type":"b"}
response = requests.get(url, params=querystring)
return response.json()[u'foods'][0]['food']['nutrients']
ndb_report(11112) # red cabbage
Exercise 1.4. Which foods provide the best combination of price, yield, and nutrition? You can use kilocalories as a measure of “nutrition” here, but more a detailed analysis is better. Use plots to support your analysis.
I based off what is “healthy” from Energy (kcal), Fiber, Sugars (negative health), and Vitamin C. I used the formula: health = energy + fiber + vitaminC - sugars/2
prices = fresh['price_per_lb'].reindex(fresh.index)
priceList = prices.tolist()
good_prices = [priceList[i] for i in xrange(len(priceList)) if i not in badRows]
# note! this does enter the wrong price for cucumbers, with peel
ndb_df['price per lb'] = good_prices
types = fresh['type'].reindex(fresh.index)
typeList = types.tolist()
good_types = [typeList[i] for i in xrange(len(typeList)) if i not in badRows]
ndb_df['type'] = good_types
ndb_df["Nutrients"] = [ndb_report(x) for x in ndb_df['ndbNo']]
nut_keys = [1, 6, 5, 14]
# energy, sugars, fiber, vitamin C
# takes in a nutrition report and a nut_keys index, and returns the nutrient value
def nutrient_info_extractor(food, idx):
return float(food[idx]['value'])
ndb_df['energy'] = [nutrient_info_extractor(fd, nut_keys[0]) for fd in ndb_df["Nutrients"]]
ndb_df['sugar'] = [nutrient_info_extractor(fd, nut_keys[1]) for fd in ndb_df["Nutrients"]]
ndb_df['fiber'] = [nutrient_info_extractor(fd, nut_keys[2]) for fd in ndb_df["Nutrients"]]
ndb_df['vitamin C'] = [nutrient_info_extractor(fd, nut_keys[3]) for fd in ndb_df["Nutrients"]]
Heath Index
Now I calculate the “health index”, which takes calories, fiber, vitamin C, and sugars into consideration. I chose these elements because these are some very common nutrients, known to the general public. People usually want fibers and high in vitamin C, and want to stay away from sugars (sugars is my penalty term). In addition, I consulted a couple of nutrition articles to see what they usually rate as a nutritional food. I wanted to keep the index simple, so I did not include many variables. <p> Note:I divided sugars by 2, so it won’t have such a dramatic impact on the health index.
ndb_df['health index'] = ndb_df['energy'] + ndb_df['fiber'] + ndb_df['vitamin C'] - ndb_df['sugar']/2.0
ndb_df.head()
| ndbNo | price per lb | Nutrients | energy | sugar | fiber | vitamin C | health index | type | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| acorn_squash | 11482 | 1.172248 | [{u'group': u'Proximates', u'name': u'Water', ... | 40.0 | 33.00 | 1.5 | 0.14 | 25.140 | vegetables |
| apples | 09003 | 1.567515 | [{u'group': u'Proximates', u'name': u'Water', ... | 52.0 | 10.39 | 2.4 | 4.60 | 53.805 | fruit |
| apricots | 09021 | 3.040072 | [{u'group': u'Proximates', u'name': u'Water', ... | 48.0 | 9.24 | 2.0 | 10.00 | 55.380 | fruit |
| artichoke | 11226 | 2.213050 | [{u'group': u'Proximates', u'name': u'Water', ... | 73.0 | 9.60 | 1.6 | 4.00 | 73.800 | vegetables |
| asparagus | 11011 | 3.213494 | [{u'group': u'Proximates', u'name': u'Water', ... | 20.0 | 1.88 | 2.1 | 5.60 | 26.760 | vegetables |
import seaborn as sns
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
chart1 = sns.regplot(x='price per lb', y='health index', data=ndb_df, ci=None, fit_reg = False, scatter_kws={'s':30})
sns.plt.title('Health Index (kcal, sugars, Vitamin C, fiber) vs. Price')
for label, x, y in zip(ndb_df.index, ndb_df['price per lb'], ndb_df['health index']):
plt.annotate(
label,
xy=(x, y), ha='center', va='bottom',
bbox=dict(boxstyle='round,pad=0.1', fc='white', alpha=0.5))
plt.show()
# plotting price vs. health index
If we base value off of price and what is considered ‘nutritious’ (health index), then according to the plot above, we should look at the foods in the top left region. We can see
- avocados
- kale
- red peppers
- brussels spouts
in the top rankings. Some other interesting foods to point out are raspberries, which stand out as a very expensive food with mediocre nutritional value. The berries in general are on the right, with mediocre health indices. Green Cabbage (labled as cabbage in the graph) is rather cheap, but surprisingly not that healthy (with a negative index).
If you generally care more for price, you should look at the left side. Green peppers, pineapples, sweet potatoes are some cheap, high in nutrient foods.
chart2 = sns.regplot(x='price per lb', y='energy', data=ndb_df, ci=None, fit_reg = False, scatter_kws={'s':30})
sns.plt.title('Energy (kcal) vs. Price')
for label, x, y in zip(ndb_df.index, ndb_df['price per lb'], ndb_df['energy']):
plt.annotate(
label,
xy=(x, y), ha='center', va='bottom',
bbox=dict(boxstyle='round,pad=0.1', fc='white', alpha=0.5))
plt.show()
When we take a simpler approach and simply base nutrition off of Energy (kcal), then you can see that avocados definitely takes the lead.
chart3 = sns.FacetGrid(ndb_df, hue = "type", size = 3)
chart3.map(plt.scatter, "price per lb", "energy").add_legend()
sns.plt.title('Energy (kcal) vs. Price')
plt.show()
There is not really a differennce between fruits and vegetables for calories.
sns.boxplot("health index", "type", data = ndb_df)
sns.plt.title('Distribution of Health, Vegetables vs. Fruit')
plt.show()
Fruits have a more limited range of health, but have a higher average health index than vegetables.
Sites used:
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5188792/how-to-check-a-string-for-specific-characters
- http://www.pythonforbeginners.com/dictionary/python-split
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5438745/python-nan-and-inf-values
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/8312829/how-to-remove-item-from-a-python-list-if-a-condition-is-true
- http://pandas.pydata.org/pandas-docs/stable/generated/pandas.DataFrame.sort_index.html
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/30009948/how-to-reorder-indexed-rows-based-on-a-list-in-pandas-data-frame
- http://stackoverflow.com/questions/5147112/matplotlib-how-to-put-individual-tags-for-a-scatter-plot


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: Podcast 2.14 - The Cubs are un-watchable. author: display_name: Corey Fineran login: Corey email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: '' author_login: Corey author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>wordpress_id: 2852 wordpress_url: http://ivyenvy.com/?p=2852 date: '2010-06-15 06:46:41 +0000' date_gmt: '2010-06-15 11:46:41 +0000' categories: - Podcast tags: - Garden of Halos comments: - id: 1393 author: Corey author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2010-06-15 13:36:29 +0000' date_gmt: '2010-06-15 18:36:29 +0000' content: Andy jinxed the Angels by lusting after their lead-off guy. Aybar hyper-extended his knee last night against the Brewers. - id: 1394 author: Ryan author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: '' date: '2010-06-16 00:01:47 +0000' date_gmt: '2010-06-16 05:01:47 +0000' content: "OK, a couple of things...\r\n\r\nFirst of all when it comes to Zambrano's value, you have to talk about his relational value of sorts. For instance an average paid pitcher of that caliber would have trade value. At $17 millions dollars, he has no trade value.\r\n\r\nSecond, Ramirez has some trade value at third. It's because of the lack of overall talent at the position he plays, but still...If we're going to make the moves, we might as well start with him to kind of get the ball rolling and let all the other owners know there's a fire sale, if they don't already.\r\n\r\nAnd if I remember correctly, the Angels got killed by the Brewers the other night. It's a long season, but I can see LAA in it near the end. And of course if they play New York I'm the biggest Angels fan in the world. \r\n\r\nMeehan" ---
Andy, Corey, Jeremy and Ryan talk about this Cubs team that is having difficulty capturing our attention. We welcome J from Garden of Halos on to preview the Angels for the upcoming Angels vs. Cubs series.


2021 Chevy Trailblazer Arrives At Dealers In Q1 2020 At Under $20,000
1.2- and 1.3-liter turbo engines power the crossover.
by Anthony KarrGeneral Motors’ latest crossover, the 2021 Chevrolet Trailblazer, goes on sale in the spring of 2020 at a starting price of “below $20,000” before taxes and dealer fees. Unfortunately, that’s all the pricing information Chevy is willing to share at this point, promising more specific trim and option pricing details will be released closer to the on-sale date. Just for a quick comparison, the Ford EcoSport has a starting price of $20,485 for the 2020 model year, while the comparable 2020 Honda HR-V stars at $20,820.
The new Trailblazer is not just very competitively priced as Chevy also promises it delivers “a uniquely youthful, yet functional alternative to the fast-growing small SUV segment.” Translating this into non-marketing language, expect a sporty design combined with enough space for five passengers. Visually, the bold front fascia corresponds with the two-tone roof, which is available in the ACTIV trim level. A sportier-looking RS model is also offered.
Gallery: 2020 Chevy Trailblazer
We now also have details about the powertrains of the completely revamped model, which gets 1.2- and 1.3-liter turbo units with up to 155 horsepower (115 kilowatts). Both mills come as standard with a continuously variable transmission with selectable stop/start capability, while the more powerful unit is optionally available with a nine-speed automatic.
The Trailblazer shares its all-wheel-drive system with the Blazer and Traverse, which means you can deactivate the AWD when its performance is not needed and activate it again for off-roading. The FWD models have three drive modes: Normal, Snow, and Sport.
All You Need To Know About The Trailblazer:
“Slotting between the Trax and Equinox, the addition of the Trailblazer provides us with a great opportunity to expand the Chevy SUV family to new audiences,” Steve Majoros, director of Chevrolet passenger car and crossover marketing, comments. “With the new ACTIV trim, plus the sporty RS trim, we can appeal to customers’ varying active lifestyles.”
Source: Chevrolet
Show press release
LOS ANGELES — When it arrives in showrooms in Spring 2020, the 2021 Chevrolet Trailblazer will provide a uniquely youthful, yet functional alternative to the fast-growing small SUV segment.
Like Chevrolet’s latest line of SUVs, the Trailblazer features a bold front fascia and sports car-inspired rear design. The ACTIV trim package amplifies this sporty style with a two-tone roof, unique front and rear fascia and dual exhaust, along with sport terrain tires and suspension tuning enhancements.
“Slotting between the Trax and Equinox, the addition of the Trailblazer provides us with a great opportunity to expand the Chevy SUV family to new audiences,” said Steve Majoros, director of Chevrolet passenger car and crossover marketing. “With the new ACTIV trim, plus the sporty RS trim, we can appeal to customers’ varying active lifestyles.”
Design Stands Out from Competition
The all-new Trailblazer has a character of its own, bringing a bold and expressive look to the segment, and a new level of personalization.
“The Trailblazer doesn’t simply let customers express their personal style. It encourages it with uniquely styled trims that allow buyers to select a vehicle that reflects their lifestyle,” said Stuart Norris, design director of global Chevrolet compact SUVs. “Its design is bold, confident and full of personality.”
The Trailblazer’s exterior styling, which follows in the theme set by the Chevy Blazer, features Chevy’s signature dual-port grille, which gives its face a multilayered, dimensional appearance. The accent bar is integrated with the headlamps, helping to visually widen its stance, while a simulated front skidplate adds a sense of strength.
ACTIV trim Trailblazers feature a new interpretation of the signature dual-port grille, with a larger opening for a more rugged look. The RS trim features a performance-inspired mesh grille with black Chevy bowtie and unique front splitter elements to define its sporty demeanor.
The side profile includes taut bodyside lines, a sleek roofline and a bold hood shape to accentuate the Trailblazer’s youthful character. RS and ACTIV trim models boost the visual appeal with standard two-tone roofs. Large, wraparound taillamps seamlessly span the liftgate and bodyside, which adds to the visual width of the Trailblazer, providing a more planted look.
Inside, the Trailblazer features a driver-focused, dual-cockpit interior design with an integrated center stack. High-quality finishes and stitching are customized to allow for different appearances at each trim level. The center console provides several storage options with up to 3.5 liters of open storage and 4.4 liters of storage under the armrest, as well as dual cupholders.
Suite of Standard Safety and Driver Assistance Features
All Trailblazer trims come with a comprehensive list of standard active safety and driver assistance features2, including:
- Forward Collision Alert
- Automatic Emergency Braking
- Front Pedestrian Braking
- IntelliBeam Headlamps (Auto High Beam Assist)
- Lane Keep Assist with Lane Departure Warning
- Rear Vision Camera
- Teen Driver
- Rear Seat Reminder3
- OnStar4
Additional optional active safety and driver assistance features2 include:
- Adaptive Cruise Control - Camera
- Rear Park Assist
- Lane Change Alert with Side Blind Zone Alert
- Rear Cross Traffic Alert
- HD Rear Vision Camera
ACTIV Tuned for Off-Road Use
Trailblazer ACTIV is equipped with unique tires and shock tuning. The ACTIV dampers are tuned to enhance vehicle performance and ride comfort when traveling on gravel roads. The Hankook Sport Terrain 17-inch tires feature an aggressive shoulder design and an all-season tread pattern.
The front fascia on Trailblazer ACTIV has been revised with the lower section designed for improved ground clearance. Additional exterior differentiation includes two-tone roof, standard roof rails and trapezoid-shaped exhaust tips.
Connectivity and Functionality
The Trailblazer will feature Chevy’s latest infotainment system5, providing the ability to use two Bluetooth-paired phones6 concurrently, which enables passengers in the vehicle to use their cellphones hands-free or the driver to use multiple phones hands-free.
The audio system has available wireless Apple CarPlay7 and Android Auto8 connectivity and available SiriusXM with 360L9, featuring exclusive content, including commercial-free music, interviews, shows and performances. The system even learns customer preferences and shares recommendations based on listening habits. SiriusXM with 360L delivers both a satellite and streaming listening experience with more SiriusXM channels than ever before in the vehicle, plus the ability to make on-demand programming choices.
The Trailblazer features 40/60 split folding second row seats, which enables the vehicle to accommodate objects up to 8.5 feet long. Overall storage capacity is rated up to 54.4cubic feet10 with the second row folded. For additional convenience, an available hands-free liftgate, with logo projection improves ease of loading and unloading cargo.
Power and AWD Confidence
Powered by either a 1.2L turbo or 1.3L turbo engine, the Trailblazer will deliver up to 155 horsepower. Both engines are mated with a standard Continuously Variable Transmission with selectable stop/start capability. A nine-speed automatic transmission is also available on Trailblazers equipped with the 1.3L engine and all-wheel drive.
The Trailblazer is available with Chevy’s selectable AWD, also found in the Blazer and Traverse. Selectable AWD allows drivers to decide whether to activate their AWD system in off-road or inclement weather situations, or to deactivate when AWD performance is not required, to achieve improved fuel economy.
Drive modes on front-wheel drive models include:
- Normal: Tailored for daily commuting and focused on ride comfort
- Snow: Provides more progressive throttle input for improved vehicle acceleration on snow- and ice-covered roads
- Sport: Modifies steering effort and shifting for a sportier feel and response
AWD models add unique calibrations for more rear-wheel torque at lower speeds to improve the driving experience on moderately steep and unpaved surfaces.
The Trailblazer is expected to arrive in U.S. showrooms in spring 2020. Specific trim and option pricing details will be announced closer to launch.


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{% block title %}
Tweets by {{ twitter_user.name }}
{% endblock %}
{{ twitter_user }}
{% include 'twitter/includes/user.html' with user=twitter_user account=account perms=perms only %}
{% include 'twitter/includes/annual_tweet_counts.html' with user=twitter_user only %}
{% include 'twitter/includes/nav_tabs.html' with user=twitter_user active='tweets' only %}
{% if twitter_user.is_private %}
This user is private.
{% endif %}
{% include 'twitter/includes/tweet_list.html' with tweet_list=tweet_list page_obj=page_obj perms=perms only %}


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## Architecture Vision
### and Development Practices
### Systems Team Goals
- Support reliability in Our Daily Bread's web infrastructure
- Equip developers with tools and systems to achieve their teams' goals
- Train teams to take ownership of their own application architecture
- Build automated processes wherever possible to free up more time for development
### QA and Testing
Teams will decide on the exact Quality Assurance process that they will enact with their team.
### QA and Testing
These things should be the same across teams:
- When we write user stories, they should also have test cases
- These test cases should be able to be performed manually or using an automated tool
- QA and testing is the responsibility of the team as a whole, especially with the lack of dedicated QA engineers
- Developers should have another developer verify any front end work before passing to desgin
### Manual QA Process
1. Developer pulls changes locally (or tests on beta)
2. Developer compares designs in Abstract with front end in browser (font-size, padding, etc.)
3. Developer ensures site works properly on difference screen sizes, and different browsers.
### Manual QA Process
*(continued)*
4. Developer follows "Manual Testing Scenarios" and ensures that it meets the Acceptance Criteria
5. If changes are needed, Developer comments on Jira ticket, and moves into "Todo" column
6. If no changes are needed, developer pass on to designs to run through their QA process.
*We want to ensure our designs match before the designers take a look at it*
## Design QA Process
- Design will review layout and styling of type and page elements at varying widths, breakpoints, and devices that we have access to and compare against Abstract.
- Review transitions, animations, and load times and experiences as needed depending on the project or ticket.
- Test forms, buttons, and user feedback mechanisms (tool tips, modals, invalid/incomplete form fields, etc…) for correct styling on states and responses.
- Design testing is best performed on full pages or page sections. Designers’ eyes are trained to look at the part in relation to the whole so we are more prone to miss something if we are doing QA on a small portion of a page or an individual element.
### Manual vs Automated Testing
### Why Invest in Automated Testing?
- Humans are imperfect
- Saves stakeholder time, because there is less manual work to be done
- Ensures stability of system, because all tests are run when one thing changes
## Manual vs Automated Testing
### Why Invest in Automated Testing?
[The Old Way](https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1RHq-UcEbtVVswJKs87nuVwuzCQVSCQsXd85FRdLr5B0/edit#gid=0)
[The New Way](https://dashboard.cypress.io/#/projects/4b7344/runs)
### Manual vs Automated Testing
- It will take a while for us to get used to Test Driven Development
- Featues will take longer to accomplish
- As we get used to it, we will get faster
- We will save time by have cleaner and more thought through code
Automated Testing
Each team will decide on what tools and practices will best fit with the platforms they are developing on.
### Front end
For front end development, we have decided to use Cypress.io, because it is able to be a single framework for end-to-end, integration, and unit tests.
Cypress also has a dashboard that show the status of our tests, as well as generating screenshots and videos that show how the test ran.
### Lambda Functions
For our Node.js Lambda functions, we will be using Mocha to do testing locally. This makes sense because Cypress uses Mocha internally.
### Magento
For PHP testing, our Magento team will rely on Magento's native framework for testing, which utilizes PHPUnit.
The Code Bread team has purchased a course on testing in Magento and will continue to develop this process.
We would also like to rely on Cypress for testing the front end-facing parts of our Magento sites.
### WordPress
We are still in the process of determining how to best do testing with WordPress.
It will likely be a combination of PHPUnit and Cypress.
We are also going to implement a CodeSniffer into our build process, so our code is statically analyzed before it deploys. This should catch a lot of syntax errors.
### Main takeaways
The main takeaways from testing and QA is:
- we are going to rely more on automated processes
- we will consider QA a team effort and part of the development process
- we commit to use Cypress where we can, to give a great experience for developers and testers
## Microservices
### More than just a buzz word
### Definition of Micro Service
A loosely coupled service that has its own data model and can interact with other services via an API.
A primary goal of our systems team will be to build a path for replacing our WordPress sites with a micro service architecture.
This will allow us to:
- have improved performance by designing our APIs around *our* data
- develop more rapidly, because we don't have to worry about what our changes will do to other parts of the application
- reduce costs significantly by utilizing Amazon's pay-per-use pricing model.
The ODBx project has gotten us started down the road of using microservices. The drag-and-drop content on the home page is all served using a micro service API.
For this project, we were learning as we went.
Our goal on the systems team is to build those services into a version control repository, and apply DevOps practices to development of these services.
### DevOps with Microservices
We have a single project (tentativley named "crouton"), that stores all the code of our different microservices.
We've worked to build a CI/CD system, where pushing to this repository will automatically deploy these changes to our APIs.
We're relying on the Serverless Framework to build the infrastructure for our services, using templates.
### Microservices Goals
- Update our ODBx services to use the Serverless framework within the Crouton project
- Improve our DevOps practices with automated test, better deployment, and A/B Testing
- Teach our teams how to use the Serverless framework to build microservices for their future development
The main takeaway is that any new API development should be built using our Serverless tools.
## Non Functional Requirements
### What are NFRs
These are requirements that every system we build should adhere to, even though the end-user doesn't necessarily see the results.
They are to ensure quality, stability, security, and reliability.
#### Here are some basic NFRs starting this Program Increment
- Front end initial response time should be less than 3 seconds
- API/Servers should be able to automatically and manually scale to match load
- Logs should be rotated regularly on servers, or set to expire in CloudWatch
*(continued)*
- If running server is terminated/fails, site should be able to recover on its own
- Lambda functions should use version control and Serverless Framework, CloudFormation, or similar tool
- Configurations & changes should always be baked into a deployment, i.e. if a new server spins up, it should have the same configuration
### What have we been doing lately?
Here are some things that we're doing architecturally to improve our systems:
- Switch our WordPress instance type to the t3 family to use CPU bursting when we hit peak traffic
- Switched all WordPress sits into our PCI Compliant environment, for better security
- Are working on optimizing images in S3 buckets for faster load times, lower costs
### What have we been doing lately?
continued...
- Using Elastic File System to store our configuration files across servers
- Added Status Cake to all of our sites to notify us via Slack and email in case of downtime
- Hired a new developer to work with our infrastructure!


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Definition: Variables Costs fluctuate in proportion to a company's activity or business.
A good example of Variable Cost is the fuel for an airline. This cost changes with the number of flights and how long the trips are. Other examples include: hourly wages and raw materials (Cost of Goods Sold).