PHP (recursive acronym for PHP: Hypertext Preprocessor) is a widely-used open source general-purpose scripting language that is especially suited for web development and can be embedded into HTML.
Nice, but what does that mean? An example:
Example #1 An introductory example
<!DOCTYPE HTML>
<html>
<head>
<title>Example</title>
</head>
<body>
<?php
echo "Hi, I'm a PHP script!";
?>
</body>
</html>
Instead of lots of commands to output HTML (as seen in C or Perl),
PHP pages contain HTML with embedded code that does
"something" (in this case, output "Hi, I'm a PHP script!").
The PHP code is enclosed in special start and end processing
instructions <?php
and ?>
that allow you to jump into and out of "PHP mode."
What distinguishes PHP from something like client-side JavaScript is that the code is executed on the server, generating HTML which is then sent to the client. The client would receive the results of running that script, but would not know what the underlying code was. You can even configure your web server to process all your HTML files with PHP, and then there's really no way that users can tell what you have up your sleeve.
The best things in using PHP are that it is extremely simple for a newcomer, but offers many advanced features for a professional programmer. Don't be afraid reading the long list of PHP's features. You can jump in, in a short time, and start writing simple scripts in a few hours.
Although PHP's development is focused on server-side scripting, you can do much more with it. Read on, and see more in the What can PHP do? section, or go right to the introductory tutorial if you are only interested in web programming.


Pig Dice is a folk dice game. Players take turns rolling a dice as many times as they wish. Players add up their points they roll. Rolling a 1 looses all the points you've rolled for that turn, and it becomes the second players turn. First to reach 100 is the winner! Gather some friends and play some Pig Dice!


Free entry for Omanis at UAE's Public Parks
by Times News ServiceMuscat: Dubai Municipality has announced on its official account that it will allow Omani visitors and Omani residents in the United Arab Emirates to enter Public Parks for free across the UAE on Monday, 18 November 2019 on occasion of the 49th National Day of Oman.
A statement issued online by Dubai Municipality said, “On the occasion of the 49th National Day of Oman, Dubai Municipality will allow Omani visitors and residents to enter the public parks for free on 18 November 2019.”


Markdown to PDF
I recently completed the initial release of a Markdown to PDF package.
Repo is named “mdtopdf” and is here. Docs are here.
The supported Markdown elements are:
- Emphasized and strong text
- Headings 1-6
- Ordered and unordered lists
- Nested lists
- Images
- Tables
- Links
- Code blocks and back-ticked text
In the “cmd” folder is an example of using the package and it contains both a test markdown file and the resultant PDF file. There is a slightly different version of the command line utility in my “pdf-utils” repo.
The text styles can be modified and the example shows some of this using the package’s “Styler” struct:
type Color struct {
Red, Green, Blue int
}
type Styler struct {
Font string
Style string
Size float64
Spacing float64
TextColor Color
FillColor Color
}
See details on limitations and things to do on the README.


View Gate Pass
Gate Pass
/ View
General Info
Parts / Tools
Mechanics
Gate Pass Type
Returnable
Non Returnable
Purpose
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.purpose.name}}
Other Reason
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.other_remarks}}
Hand Over To
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.hand_over_to}}
Customer Name
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.gate_pass_customer.customer_name}}
Customer Address
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.gate_pass_customer.customer_address}}
JobCard Number
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.job_card.job_card_number}}
JobCard Date
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.job_card.date}}
Invoice Number
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.gate_pass_invoice.invoice_number}}
Invoice Date
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.gate_pass_invoice.invoice_date}}
Invoice Amount
{{$ctrl.gate_pass.gate_pass_invoice.invoice_amount}}
Category
Name
Description
Issue Qty
Status
Returned Qty
{{gate_pass_invoice_item.category.name}}
{{gate_pass_invoice_item.part.code}}
{{gate_pass_invoice_item.entity_name}}
{{gate_pass_invoice_item.part.name}}
{{gate_pass_invoice_item.entity_description}}
{{gate_pass_invoice_item.issue_qty}}
{{ gate_pass_invoice_item.switch_value ? gate_pass_invoice_item.switch_value :'Pending'}}
{{ gate_pass_invoice_item.status_id == 11421 ? 'Received' : 'Pending' }}
{{ gate_pass_invoice_item.returned_qty }}
Employee Code
Employee Name
Gate Out Date Time
Gate In Date Time
{{gate_pass_user.user.ecode}}
{{gate_pass_user.user.name}}
{{gate_pass_user.gate_out_date_time}}
{{gate_pass_user.gate_in_date_time}}


US Bill on Xinjiang violates international law, region's governor says
BEIJING: Recent US legislation on Xinjiang is a severe violation of international law and gross interference in China's internal affairs, the governor of the far western region said on Monday (Dec 9), accusing the United States of launching a smear campaign.
Tension has flared in recent weeks between China and the United States over issues such as Beijing's treatment of its Uighur Muslim minority and protesters in Hong Kong, complicating prospects for a near-term deal to end a 17-month long trade war.
READ: US House approves Uighur Bill demanding sanctions on senior Chinese officials
Last week, the US House of Representatives passed a Bill requiring a tougher response to Beijing's treatment of its Uighur Muslim minority. UN experts and activists say China has detained possibly 1 million Uighurs in camps in Xinjiang.
China, which has repeatedly denied any mistreatment of Uighurs, says the camps are part of an anti-terror crackdown and provide vocational training.
READ: China warns US of a 'price' for Uighur Bill
READ: New leak reveals how China runs Xinjiang camps
The counter-terrorism measures in Xinjiang are no different from anti-terrorism measures in the United States, the region's governor, Shohrat Zakir, told reporters in Beijing.
The United States has chosen to turn a blind eye to Xinjiang's social stability, and is launching a smear campaign against the region and using issues there to sow discord among ethnic groups in China, he added.
Any attempt to disable Xinjiang is doomed to fail, said Zakir, who is also deputy secretary of the Xinjiang Communist Party.
Human rights groups and former detainees have said conditions in the camps are poor, with inmates subject to psychological and physical abuse.
At Zakir's news conference in the Chinese capital, images of past violence were displayed in excerpts from an English-language documentary, Fighting Terrorism in Xinjiang, aired on China's state broadcaster CGTN.
READ: China's top diplomat tells Pompeo US should stop interfering in China's internal affairs
The Uighur Bill, which was passed 407-1 in the Democratic-controlled House, requires the US president to condemn abuses against Muslims and calls for the closure of the camps in Xinjiang.
It also calls on President Donald Trump to impose sanctions for the first time on a member of China's powerful politburo, Xinjiang Communist Party Secretary Chen Quanguo.


Analysis © Lucas Cherkewski. Prepared for HIS3305 at the University of Ottawa.
Last updated December 10, 2018.


This function should not be used in Microsoft Excel 95 or later because the Slide Show add-in is available only in Microsoft Excel version 5.0 or earlier versions.
Equivalent to clicking the Paste Row button on a slide show sheet. Pastes previously cut or copied slides onto the current selection. For more information, see SLIDE.COPY.ROW.
If this function is not available, you must install the Slide Show add-in.
Syntax
SLIDE.PASTE.ROW( )
Related Function
SLIDE.COPY.ROW Copies the selected slides and pastes them onto the Clipboard
Return to index


Select your preferred specification,
Size
Veges
Fruit
Bag (+Ksh.150)
Status
Custom Packaging
Location


Go
Starring Desmond Askew, Katie Holmes, and Sarah Polley. Directed by Doug Liman Running Time: 1 hour 41 minutes
(Columbia Pictures)
Taking a few tips from the Pulp Fiction school of filmmaking, Go is the new feature from the director of the cult hit Swingers. The story centres around a group of people, who include Brit Simon (Askew), and checkout girls Claire (Holmes) and Ronna (Polley) and the misadventures that they get into, split into three chapters. Everything from sex to drugs to violence is covered in a film with a much blacker edge in comedy than Swingers.
 Liman, who also photographed the film, has a deft touch with the camera, and the film looks good. The film also seems to have benefited from a budget, with the night-club scenes in particular looking pretty good. There's a twisted sense of humour running throughout which ensures that even the darkest scenes get a smirk.
The young cast are talented and help bring the story to life. Holmes, one of the Dawson's Creek cast (a show I'm not particularly fond of) displays much talent here, and despite her largely limited screen time manages to make a three dimensional character and never becomes a caricature. Askew is slightly successful, being rather obnoxious. No doubt the filmmakers intended this to make the audience cheer when what happens to him, but instead of 'funny annoying' he's just annoying. He drags down slightly one of the funniest chapters, but the talent around him in that particular tale more than makes up for it. The real standout is Sarah Polley as the drug dealing checkout girl: her refreshing and deeply enjoyable performance makes the heavy going stories she is involved in much more entertaining. Also entertaining Timothy Olyphant as the rather sinister drug dealer, who gives an nice evil performance.
The script, written John August, is sharp and witty, with good dialogue and some funny jokes. It starts off rather slow however, but in about twenty minutes the script has found it's footing and just keeps getting better. The stories are largely satisfying, although occasionally there's too much attention on one detail but not on another. Also, some of the endings seem a little forced and lucky. Still, the cast have a meaty script to get into and obviously enjoy it. It could of tried a little harder in some parts however, and these parts lag.
Because this is a Gen-Xer movie, the obligatory rave soundtrack must accompany, and Go's one is pretty decent. Unlike other Gen-Xers movies, Go never allows the music to substitute for plot or dialogue, which is a plus. Go is a very easy movie to absorb into, and the audience really starts feeling for these characters. Thankfully, they never become two dimensional characters who are bent and twisted throughout the movie to fit into the stories mechanics (like the heroine in 10 Things I Hate About You.) They are who they are and they stay that way.
Go is great fun, and a worthy follow up from the director of Swingers. Ignore the fact that it steals from Pulp Fiction and Very Bad Things, and just sit back and enjoy the rollercoaster ride. Erm, go to Go, I guess.
RATING=**** OUT OF *****
A David Wilcock Review ©1999
DAVID WILCOCK<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Visit the Wilcock Movie Page! http://www.wilcock54.freeserve.co.uk
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Schneehutte is a project located in Innsbruck designed to regenerate soil that has been degradated because of skiing.
Ski causes a degradation on the soil, removing the first important soil layer of humus; which prevents vegetation from growing.
To regenerate the soil on the slopes, I developed a master plan, where the designed pavillions are moved around the slopes after keeping preserved that part of soil during one year.
The pavillions are parametrically designed to be able to get adapted to the slope and the irregular terrain.
The pavillions are built with extensible bars to be able to shorten and lenghten them, aswell as temporary foundation.


There are some people who live in a dream world, and there are some
who face reality; and then there are those who turn one into the
other.
By a Carpenter mankind was made, and only by that Carpenter can
mankind be remade.
quotes cont..
Now I believe I can hear the philosophers protesting that it can only
be misery to live in folly, illusion, deception and ignorance, but it
isn't -it's human.
He who allows oppression shares the crime.
In praise of folly (in Latin a play on words dedicated to his friend
Thomas More)
Could be In praise of More
Debates about the nature of the Eucharist flourished through the
centuries
Vatican 2 in our own day
Overview
Council of Trent
p. 173 notion of "justification" which many thought as a kind of property people have or don't,
L. "no righteousness of our own but only share in Christ's righteousness"
Trent set forth doctrinal statements on
Scripture and tradition,
original sin,
justification, and the
sacraments that have provided the basis of Catholic theology ever since,"
Jesuits and mystics
Don Quixote and Loyola (Knight for Christ)
S.J. sending missionaries world wide, adapting to customs of people they met
Carmelites (John and Teresa)
Continuing debates
Jesuits at center of response to Protestantism
"Aquinas had taught that we talk about God "analogically"
Port Royal Jansenists – rigorous piety and trust in grace as opposed to Jesuits whom they saw as "Pelagian"
Pascal: genius of age … conversion "Fire, God of Abraham …" trust in grace while being well trained in reason as mathematician
Pascal defense of Christianity, but ultimately Pope ruled against Jansenist radical trust in grace (not own will)
Fenelon, "Quietism", Mme. Guyon = claiming that usual rules don't apply because of special relationship with God
Going forward from the 16th c.
Mysticism:
Teresa
cf. from Readings p. 38 a road to training and forming oneself in the path of prayer at the deepest level
Pascal:
Blaise Pascal was one of the most important scholars of the 17th
century. He was a great scientist, mathematician, and inventor,
famous for many key breakthroughs. He was also a devoted Catholic and
wrote what is considered to be one of the best apologetic works of
his time.
Closing
When we read the Reformers from the perspective Protestantism it seems
relatively straightforward. In the context of all that was going on
including the Catholic perspective it is a lot less clear.
Keep in mind that we don't even consider here the Orthodox view. which
is older than Catholicism.


Galactic Power 1,986,499
Galactic Power (Characters) 1,098,765
Galactic Power (Ships) 887,734
PVE Battles Won 55,334
PVE Hard Battles Won 9,715
Galactic War Battles Won 2,995
Arena Battles Won 1,019
Guild Currency Earned 328,914
Raids Won 255
Ship Battles Won 505


战略防御联盟
STRATEGIC DEFENSE COALITION
消除所有谁反对我们
"Eliminate all that oppose us."
The TinoHacks website was successfully set up by the southeast asia strike team on the 5th of August. | TinoHacks网站已成功东南亚突击队在八月五日成立。 | The Strategic Defense Coalition is an elite strike team alliance in charge of mercenary work and coffee brewing. | 战略防御联盟是一个团队的雇佣兵和私人士兵。


A repsonsive Website is one which is able to react and redesign itself in order to fit and function properly within different displays and screen sizes. It is hugely important to have a responsive website as in today's world it is extremely uncommon for a website to be accessed solely on one format. Thus using media queries the web designer tells the device how to display the website's content in a way which is optimised for its specific size.
Mobile-first design is a method of web design which focuses intially on optimising the mobile display of a website with media queries fulfilling the optimal responsive structures for larger devices. This is important as it allows devices with smaller screens - those which usually also have less processing power - to display a website by running minimal code. The larger devices filter through this early content which does not apply and reaches the more detailed code for its screen size/device. This helps the websites run smoothly no matter the device.
Frameworks are series of pre-made CSS, HTML and JS code which help in various ways including responsiveness. Skeleton is one such framework which is used from creating responsive websites. These frameworks can be great, they take away the need for lots of extra coding (by providing a simple structure) which can then help the user to create websites which are responsive or simply well structured. They can, however, be restrictive. It can difficult to get used to using another person's code, especially their class coding. It can also be difficult to develop a website exactly how you want to when you dont understand what code may be effecting what you're working on, deep inside the framework.
A wireframe is a simple design of a website which the designer is looking to create. It is made up of a series of boxes and minimal text which help to show the developer which structural elements need to be created within the webpage. We use these to help create the structure of the website before adding content.
I found it difficult to impletment my featured blog post as it was difficult to understand that each container would automatically be divided into twelve columns rather than the six that it may represent within its row. I also struggled to create buttons with sat comfortably within the wireframe. I did add to the wireframe some category tags which were hard to create in a size which felt comfortable within the structure. Buttons styled in the skeleton framework were difficult to alter. I ran out of time to make my drop down menu on the blog post pages so have moved on for now.


From the first lesson, I have learned the various components of the internet and I've begun the journey of understanding how to write my own web page (of which this is a basic example).
I've learned about formatting text, adding links and embedding videos and pictures
I can produce a webpage using Scratchpad and save it to a file on my computer using CodePen.
I've learned of two types of HTML tags,
in-line and
'box'
tags (I can't remember the official name for these tags).Oh! And I've learned that it's OK not to remember everything because there is such a lot to learn and we can always look the information up on the internet.
In the second lesson, I learnt how to inspect the code used to create webpages by using the developer tools in Google Chrome.
I leant that a webpage is composed of boxes and that it is necessary to plan out how these boxes will appear on the page.
I learnt about the HTML tags that can be used to structure a page and how CSS can then be used to add style to the page
There is a heirachy of styles in CSS that are passed on from 'parent' to 'child' unless explicitly altered (hence CASCADING Style Sheets).
In the third lesson, I learnt more about using the developer tools in Google Chrome. I was introduced to the way CSS can be used to position and format the boxes that make up a webpage. Key to this is the ability to temporary change elements using the developer tools.
I learnt that HTLM and CSS code can be checked for syntax errors using sites on the internet.
I learnt that a key principal in programming is not to repeat code. NOT to repeat code.
This is because repeating code produces more code and so more work. If you need to make a change to the code then you have to make it in multiple places. This is more work and makes code less managable and much more prone to error.
Do not repeat code.


ZP standing committee members
by Special CorrespondentThe following were elected to the five standing committees of the Zilla Panchayat on Tuesday.
Finance: Meenakshi Shantigodu (panchayat president), K. Koragappa Naik, Vasanti, Shayana Jayananda, Sujatha K.P., Janardhan Gowda and S.N. Manmatha
General: Kasturi Panja (panchayat vice-president), K. Koragappa Naik, Jayashree Kodanduru, Pramila Janardhan, Vasanti, Sucharith Shetty and Harish Kanjipili
Social Justice: Vinod Kumar Bolluru, S.N. Manmatha, Mamata M. Shetty, Pushapavati Balila, Sujatha K.P., Kamalakshi K. Poojary and P. Dharanendra (from the Congress).
Education and Health: Sucharith Shetty, Janardhan Gowda, Kamalakshi K. Poojary, Dhanalakshmi, Jayashree Kodanduru, Shayana Jayananda and Asha Thimmappa.
Agriculture and Industry: M. Tungappa Bangera, Asha Thimmappa, K. Ravindra Kambali, Soumyalata, Harish Kanjipili, Vinod Kumar Bolluru and Pushpavati Balila.


@Impl class SgfState
(source)
This class holds state relevant to the SgfView.
Although I believe that this class is fairly generally applicable, I would not recommend using it directly. Instead, the SgfNodeHandler should define everything which is necessary to manipulate this object.
VariationMode |
How to display variations. enum class VariationMode |
<init> |
This class holds state relevant to the SgfView. SgfState() |
colorJustSet |
can be set to force the next color to play var colorJustSet: Value? |
currentPieces |
gets the current configuration of the board as a list of Pieces val currentPieces: List<Piece> |
gameId |
the type of game encoded in the var gameId: Int |
lastMoveInfo |
the MoveInfo object from the last move played val lastMoveInfo: MoveInfo? |
numCols |
the number of columns of the board var numCols: Int |
numRows |
the number of rows of the board var numRows: Int |
showVariations |
whether or not to show variations according to the var showVariations: Boolean |
variationMode |
the VariationMode indicating how to display variations var variationMode: VariationMode |
addInherits |
Adds the inheritMarkups to the current board.
They will stay on the board until that setting is cleared by adding a fun addInherits(inheritMarkups: List<Markup?>): Boolean |
addMarkups |
Adds the markups to the current board. fun addMarkups(markups: List<Markup>): Boolean |
addNodeInfo |
Adds the info to the NodeInfo communicated to the SgfView. fun addNodeInfo(info: NodeInfo): Boolean |
addPiece |
Adds the piece to the current board, potentially replacing pieces at the same point. fun addPiece(piece: Piece): Unit |
removePiece |
Removes the piece from the current board. fun removePiece(piece: Piece): Unit |


Class: ActiveRecord::Associations::Builder::Association
| Inherits: |
Object
|
| Direct Subclasses: | CollectionAssociation, SingularAssociation |
| Defined in: |
Class Attribute Summary collapse
- .extensions
-
.valid_options
TODO: This class accessor is needed to make activerecord-deprecated_finders work.
Instance Attribute Summary collapse
Class Method Summary collapse
- .build(model, name, scope, options, &block)
- .create_builder(model, name, scope, options, &block)
- .define_accessors(model, reflection)
- .define_callbacks(model, reflection)
- .define_readers(mixin, name)
- .define_validations(model, reflection)
- .define_writers(mixin, name)
-
.new(model, name, scope, options) ⇒ Association
constructor
a new instance of Association
- .valid_dependent_options
Instance Method Summary collapse
Constructor Details
.new(model, name, scope, options) ⇒ Association
a new instance of Association
50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 50 def initialize(model, name, scope, ) # TODO: Move this to create_builder as soon we drop support to activerecord-deprecated_finders. if scope.is_a?(Hash) = scope scope = nil end # TODO: Remove this model argument as soon we drop support to activerecord-deprecated_finders. @name = name @scope = scope @options = if scope && scope.arity == 0 @scope = proc { instance_exec(&scope) } end end
Class Attribute Details
.extensions
[ GitHub ]17
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 17 attr_accessor :extensions
.valid_options
TODO: This class accessor is needed to make activerecord-deprecated_finders work. We can move it to a constant in 5.0.
20
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 20 attr_accessor :valid_options
Instance Attribute Details
#name (readonly)
[ GitHub ]26
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 26 attr_reader :name, :scope, :options
#options (readonly)
[ GitHub ]26
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 26 attr_reader :name, :scope, :options
#scope (readonly)
[ GitHub ]26
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 26 attr_reader :name, :scope, :options
Class Method Details
.build(model, name, scope, options, &block)
[ GitHub ]28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 28 def self.build(model, name, scope, , &block) if model.dangerous_attribute_method?(name) raise ArgumentError, "You tried to define an association named #{name} on the model #{model.name}, but " \ "this will conflict with a method #{name} already defined by Active Record. " \ "Please choose a different association name." end builder = create_builder model, name, scope, , &block reflection = builder.build(model) define_accessors model, reflection define_callbacks model, reflection define_validations model, reflection builder.define_extensions model reflection end
.create_builder(model, name, scope, options, &block)
44 45 46 47 48
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 44 def self.create_builder(model, name, scope, , &block) raise ArgumentError, "association names must be a Symbol" unless name.kind_of?(Symbol) new(model, name, scope, , &block) end
.define_accessors(model, reflection)
Defines the setter and getter methods for the association class Post < Base
has_many :comments
end
Post.first
.comments and Post.first
.comments= methods are defined by
this method…
105 106 107 108 109 110
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 105 def self.define_accessors(model, reflection) mixin = model.generated_association_methods name = reflection.name define_readers(mixin, name) define_writers(mixin, name) end
.define_callbacks(model, reflection)
[ GitHub ]88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 88 def self.define_callbacks(model, reflection) if dependent = reflection.[:dependent] (dependent) add_destroy_callbacks(model, reflection) end Association.extensions.each do |extension| extension.build model, reflection end end
.define_readers(mixin, name)
[ GitHub ]112 113 114 115 116 117 118
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 112 def self.define_readers(mixin, name) mixin.class_eval <<-CODE, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1 def #{name}(*args) association(:#{name}).reader(*args) end CODE end
.define_validations(model, reflection)
[ GitHub ]128 129 130
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 128 def self.define_validations(model, reflection) # noop end
.define_writers(mixin, name)
[ GitHub ]120 121 122 123 124 125 126
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 120 def self.define_writers(mixin, name) mixin.class_eval <<-CODE, __FILE__, __LINE__ + 1 def #{name}=(value) association(:#{name}).writer(value) end CODE end
.valid_dependent_options
132 133 134
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 132 def self. raise NotImplementedError end
Instance Method Details
#build(model)
[ GitHub ]69 70 71
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 69 def build(model) ActiveRecord::Reflection.create(macro, name, scope, , model) end
#define_extensions(model)
[ GitHub ]85 86
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 85 def define_extensions(model) end
#macro
73 74 75
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 73 def macro raise NotImplementedError end
#valid_options
[ GitHub ]77 78 79
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 77 def Association. + Association.extensions.flat_map(&:valid_options) end
#validate_options
[ GitHub ]81 82 83
# File 'activerecord/lib/active_record/associations/builder/association.rb', line 81 def .assert_valid_keys() end


Contents
Step 6 Whole product¶
Goal¶
To drive innovation and not just incremental improvements. To restore natural capital and to use life-friendly chemistry over the entire life cycle of the product. To integrate the product into the circular economy.
Introduction¶
Remember that there is no one tool or metric that used alone is sufficient for credible and meaningful comparisons. As mentioned previously, it is always useful to check one’s assumptions – a product that appears the most sustainable should always be checked against other products and services that perform the same function.
Focusing on materials only may cause a designer to miss truly innovative opportunities. There’s an opportunity for designers who wish to create sustainable solutions to develop disruptive innovations. By disruptive innovations we mean new products that provide the same function as old products but in a very different and potentially much improved way. See the examples below on disruptive products. The GO Box turns the need for disposable single use packaging on its head. And the Drive-in Boatwash can eliminate the need for biocidal boat paints altogether.
PrISM can help give you insight into all aspects of your product’s life cycle. Critically, it can also help you identify what you don’t know about your product. Honing in on missing pieces of the puzzle will highlight areas that need additional or deeper evaluation, opportunities for innovation and improvement or where your product really shines.
Innovative Approaches¶
In some cases, there may be entirely different pathways to achieving the desired function. What other products or services achieve what your product will? Innovation does not need to occur only at the chemical level. In the examples below, different kinds of innovation that can lead to disruptive new products in the marketplace are described.
Design innovation. Designing new products to integrate circular economy design principles while reducing the use of toxic chemicals to meet performance needs.
Materials innovation. Achieve performance requirements without toxic additives. Examples may include inherently biodegradable materials, especially in the marine environment and materials that fit within the existing materials management infrastructure. Use of biomass that does not compete with food production such as agricultural wastes can support EOL management via feedstock innovation. How do the materials chosen fit in a circular economy?
Manufacturing innovation. Optimizing the use of materials through processes such as 3D printing. There is need for innovation in manufacturing for new materials such as injection molding and extrusion of biomass feedstock such as paper pulp and bagasse, and for processes that are scalable and low-cost using locally available materials.
End of life (EOL) innovation. Technologies and business models for collecting, sorting, reusing, and recycling plastics that avoid generating waste or toxics. Waste-to-value innovations are needed to convert plastic waste into high value base materials with sufficient purity that they can displace virgin materials and facilitate high value uses of recycled materials.
Examples¶
GO Box¶
One example of an innovative product that is an alternative to single-use food packaging is GO Box. The start-up created a reusable plastic food container to eliminate waste from take-out food from your favorite food trucks. Learn more about GO Box.
Drive-in Boatwash¶
Drive-In Boatwash is another example of a disruptive innovation. Copper-based antifouling boat paints are common and effective, but they are toxic to aquatic life. The drive-in boatwash is an alternative solution to non-copper-containing boat paints that also reduces the risk to marine life.
Learn more about the Drive-in Boatwash’s visit to Washington State. Visit their website.
* Boats drive in for automate bottom hull cleaning Image Source: Drive-in Boatwash
Bio-inspired innovations¶
Nature uses life-friendly chemistry to achieve diverse functions. Nature can inspire innovative solutions to today’s sustainability problems. One example is photosynthesis-inspired solar power. Plants convert solar energy into chemical energy, fueling growth. Solar cells perform a similar function, ultimately converting solar energy into electrical energy to power homes, factories, and more.
Image source: Aldo C. Zavala, CC BY ND
Explore asknature.org for ideas relating to your product.
What next?¶
Your innovative ideas may represent an enormous departure from your current product. It will be important to compare your current product and your innovation(s). Numerous tools can assist with this process, like life cycle assessment (LCA) and chemical hazard assessment (CHA). If you are not sure which resources and tools to start with, use PrISM on the innovative alternative to identify differences. Alternatives Assessment, which is discussed in the introduction, can be a valuable tool for comparing disparate products. The Interstate Chemicals Clearinghouse (IC2) publishes a comprehensive guide to Alternatives Assessment. The Washington State Department of Ecology has published a complimentary guide for small and medium business.


My name is Bruce Banner, but you know me as Hulk. If you want to know some more, remember that I should not sulk.
My extraordinary intelligence along with the support of most of my teammates has led to a diverse field of interest in my research.
Break a hole through the fabric of time and force people to acknowledge your superiority in history trivia.
View news reportDestroy the very essence of one's personality by tearing his soul apart and refresh them.
View Court ProceedingsHow do you define the definers? What rules must you follow while you make something that makes other things?
View Twisted DimensionI take the following classes.
| Course ID | Name | Department | Level | Students Enrolled |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1,001 | Power Plant Safety | Construction | 1 | 25 |
| 1,002 | Graph Theory for Critter Swarm Control | Mathematics | 2 | 50 |
| 1,003 | Warmonger Psychology | Interplanetary Safety | 1 | 30 |
| 1,003B | Despot Psychology | Interplanetary Safety | 1 | 30 |
| 1,004 | Medicinal Botany | Biological Regenerative Sciences | 3 | 10 |
Superhero Guild Awardee for Youngest Hero to save 10,000 lives.
Known as The Original Patriot. Chief Patriotism Specialist at The Central Superhero Intelligence Agency [CSIA].
Builds the best AI in the universe. Don't agree? Ask Ultron.


- Faster implementation of binomial and trinomial trees.
MONTE CARLO FRAMEWORK
- Added generic multi-dimensional stochastic process.
- Added stochastic process array (thanks to Klaus Spanderen.)
- Multi-path generator now takes a generic stochastic process; tests provided.
- New Path class implemented which stores asset values rather than variations; this makes pricers independent on whether or not log-variations were calculated. The new class is enabled when QL_DISABLE_DEPRECATED is defined; the old class is used otherwise.
INSTRUMENTS
- Multi-asset option now takes a generic stochastic process.
MODELS
- Added Heston stochastic-volatility model; tests provided (thanks to Klaus Spanderen.) Provided code include:
- a corresponding stochastic process;
- analytic and Monte Carlo option-pricing engines;
- parameter calibration.
CASH FLOWS
- Cash-flow analyses such as NPV, IRR, convexity and duration added (thanks to Charles Whitmore.)
MATH
- Added Gaussian orthogonal polynomials and Gaussian quadratures; tests provided (thanks to Klaus Spanderen.)
- Convergence statistics added; tests provided (thanks to Gary Kennedy.)
Release 0.3.9 - May 2nd, 2005
GLOBAL FEATURES
- QL_SQRT, QL_MIN etc. deprecated in favor of std::sqrt, std::min...
- Added a tentative tracing facility to ease debugging.
- Formatters deprecated in favor of output manipulators. A number of data types can now be sent directly to output streams.
- Stream-based implementation of QL_REQUIRE, QL_TRACE and similar macros. Together with manipulators, this allows one to write simpler error messages, as in:
QL_FAIL("forward at date " << d << " is " << io::rate(f));
INSTRUMENTS
- Improved Bond class
- yield-related calculation can be performed with either compounded or continuous compounding;
- added theoretical price based on discount curve;
- fixed-rate coupon bonds can define different rates for each coupon;
- added zero-coupon and floating-rate bonds (thanks to StatPro.)
- Option instruments now take a generic StochasticProcess; however, most pricing engines still require a BlackScholesProcess. They should be checked to see whether the requirement can be relaxed. Following this change, Merton76Process no longer inherits from BlackScholesProcess. This avoids erroneous upcasts.
- Partial fix for Bermudan swaptions with exercise lag (thanks to Luca Berardi for the report and discussion.)
- Fix for analytic cap/floor engine; caplets/floorlets whose fixing is in the past are now calculated correctly (thanks to Aurelien Chanudet.)
CALENDARS
- Added Bratislava and Prague calendars.
INDICES
- Fixed calendars for LIBOR fixings (thanks to Daniele De Francesco.)
FINITE_DIFFERENCES FRAMEWORK
- Migrated finite-difference pricers to pricing-engine framework (thanks to Joseph Wang.)
YIELD TERM STRUCTURES
- Added generic piecewise yield term structure. Client code can choose what to interpolate (discounts, zero yields, forwards) and how (linear, log-linear, flat) by instantiating types such as:
PiecewiseYieldCurve<Discount,LogLinear>
PiecewiseYieldCurve<ZeroYield,Linear>
PiecewiseYieldCurve<ForwardRate,Linear>
- Interpolated discount, zero-yield and forward-rate curves can now be set any interpolation.
- FlatForward can now take rates with compounding other than continuous.
- Fix for extrapolation in zero-spreaded and forward-spreaded yield term structure (thanks to Adjriou Belak for the report.)
MATH
- Added backward- and forward-flat interpolations.
Release 0.3.8 - December 22nd, 2004
REQUIRED PACKAGES
- Boost version 1.31.0 or later is now required.
DOCUMENTATION
- Documentation now includes a FAQ page.
GLOBAL FEATURES
- Global evaluation date added through Settings class. Used for index-fixing and exchange-rate lookup.
- added InterestRate class, which encapsulate the interest rate compounding algebra. It manages day-counting convention, compounding convention, conversion between different conventions, and discount/compounding factor calculations. It also has its own formatter.
INSTRUMENTS
- Bond and FixedCouponBond classes added (thanks to Jeff Yu) providing price/yield conversions; tests provided.
DATE, CALENDARS, AND DAY COUNT CONVENTIONS
- Reworked Date interface. Added nextWeekday() and nthWeekday() static methods to the class Date. Added nextIMM() for the calculation of the next IMM date.
- Added WeekdayFormatter and FrequencyFormatter
- Added "1/1" day counter. The Actual365 is deprecated: as per ISDA documentation "Actual/365" is the same as "Actual/Actual". Use the ActualActual class instead, or the Actual365Fixed class.
- Added dayCounterFromString(std::string) to QuantLibFunctions.
- Improved Beijing calendar (thanks to Zhou Wu.)
CURRENCIES AND FX RATES
- Added currency classes; CurrencyTag replaced in library code.
- Added money class providing arithmetic with or without conversions; tests provided.
- Added exchange-rate class; tests provided.
- Added exchange-rate manager with smart rate lookup, i.e., able to derive a missing exchange rate as a chain of provided rates; tests provided.
MONTE CARLO FRAMEWORK
- Added Faure low-discrepancy sequence (thanks to Gianni Piolanti;) tests provided.
- Added randomized (shifted) low discrepancy sequences that will be used for randomized quasi Monte Carlo.
- Added SeedGenerator class, for random generation of seeds when they are not given by the user.
- Added the implementation of Sobol sequences using the coefficients of the free direction integers as provided by Bratley and Fox, who credited unpublished work of Sobol's and Levitan's.
- Added an implementation of Sobol sequences using the coefficients of the free direction integers of Lemieux, Cieslak, and Luttmer. Coefficients for d<=40 are the same as in Bradley-Fox. For dimension 40<d<=360 the coefficients have been calculated as optimal values based on the "resolution" criterion. The values has been provided by Christiane Lemieux, private communication, September 2004.
- PathGenerator now works correctly with processes describing S instead of log S. Geometric Brownian process added (thanks to Walter Penschke.)
LATTICE FRAMEWORK
- Reworked the DiscretizedAsset interface.
PRICING ENGINES FRAMEWORK
- Added pricing engine for American options with Ju quadratic approximation.
- Average-price Asian pricers have been deprecated. New equivalent pricing engines added.
FIXED INCOME
- Added current coupon to discretized swap and cap/floor.
- Added IndexManager as a singleton (will replace XiborManager–already obsoleted in library code.)
- Added DayCounter parameter to ParCoupon (to be used for accruing spreads and past fixings.) When missing, it defaults to that of the term structure.
- Added compilation flag to select default floating-coupon type.
- IndexedCoupon can now take a generic index rather than a Libor (thanks to Daniele De Francesco.)
- Added hooks for convexity adjustment in floating-rate coupons; implemented adjustment for InArrearIndexedCoupon.
YIELD TERM STRUCTURE
- TermStructure renamed to YieldTermStructure (the former name was deprecated.)
- New base class BaseTermStructure which can calculate its reference date based on the global evaluation date. YieldTermStructure, BlackVolTermStructure, LocalVolTermStructure, CapFlatVolatilityStructure, CapletForwardVolatilityStructure, and SwaptionVolatilityStructure are now derived from BaseTermStructure so that they inherit its functionality.
PATTERNS
MATH
- Added N-dimensional cubic spline (thanks to Roman Gitlin.)
- Added CovarianceDecomposition class (decomposes a covariance matrix into standard deviations and correlations)
MISCELLANEA
- Renamed RelinkableHandle to Handle.
PORTABILITY
- Support for Dev-C++ IDE added.
- Fixes for gcc 2.95 added (thanks to Michael Dirkmann.)
Release 0.3.7 - July 23rd, 2004
IMPORTANTQuantLib now depends on the Boost library (www.boost.org).
You will need a working Boost installation in order to compile and use QuantLib. Instructions for installing Boost from sources are available at http://www.boost.org/more/getting_started.html. Pre-packaged binaries might be available from other sources. Google is your friend (or Debian, or Fink...)
DATE, CALENDARS, AND DAY COUNT CONVENTIONS
- Working on differentiating calendars depending on country or exchange, instead of city.
- Added Italy (Settlement, Exchange), United Kingdom (Settlement, Exchange, Metals), United States (Settlement, Exchange, GovermentBond), Xetra.
- Milan, London, and NewYork calendars have been deprecated.
- Added (old-style) calendars: Beijing, Hong Kong, Riyadh, Seoul, Singapore, Taiwan.
- RollingConvention has been renamed BusinessDayConvention, as for ISDA definitions.
MATH
- Added rounding algorithms as per OMG enumeration/definition.
TEST SUITE
- Moved to Boost unit test framework. CppUnit is no longer needed.
- Added test for quanto and forward compound engines.
- Added test for roundings.
- Added test for discrete dividend European options.
- Added test for cliquet options.
MISCELLANEA
- enable/disableExtrapolation() methods were added to a few classes such as TermStructure. They make it possible to persistently allow extrapolation without the need of specifying it at every method call.
- Added user-configurable flag to disable usage of deprecated classes.
PORTABILITY
- Fink package available
- Visual C++ 7.x project files added
Release 0.3.6 - April 15th, 2004
Bug-fix release for QuantLib 0.3.5. A bug was removed where calls to impliedVolatility() would break the state of the option and of all options sharing the same stochastic process.
Release 0.3.5 - March 31th, 2004
BOOST SUPPORT
- When available, QuantLib 0.3.5 now uses parts of the Boost library. The presence of Boost is detected automatically under Unix/Linux systems; on Windows systems, it must be enabled by uncommenting the relevant line in ql/userconfig.hpp.
- In the next QuantLib release, the presence of the Boost library will be mandatory.
MONTE CARLO FRAMEWORK
- Modified MultiPath interface to remove drifts. They are now in the stochastic processes.
- Preliminary implementation of Longstaff-Schwartz least-squares
- Monte Carlo pricer for European basket options
- Brownian-bridge bugs fixed
- StochasticProcess base class and derived classes (diffusion, jump-diffusion, etc.) have been created.
PRICING ENGINES FRAMEWORK
- Pricing engines now use Payoff and Exercise classes.
- American basket options.
- Binary barrier option replaced by vanilla option with digital payoff.
- Stulz engine for max and min basket calls and puts on two assets.
- American binary option added (a.k.a. one-touch, american digital, americal barrier, etc.) with different payoffs (cash/asset at hit/expiry, etc.)
- Added engine for Merton 1976 jump-diffusion process.
- Added Bjerksund and Stensland approximation for American option (still unstable.)
- Added Barone-Adesi and Whaley approximation for American option.
- Improved Black formula engine with more greeks added.
- Discrete geometric asian option.
- Added Leisen-Reimer binomial tree.
SHORT RATE MODELS
- Model renamed to ShortRateModel. A typedef is provided for backward compatibility–it will be removed in subsequent releases.
VOLATILITY FRAMEWORK
- bug fix for short time (0<=t<=Tmin) interpolation
OPTIMIZATION FRAMEWORK
- Method renamed to OptimizationMethod. A typedef is provided for backward compatibility–it will be removed in subsequent releases.
PATTERNS
MATH
- Improved cubic spline interpolation. It now handles end conditions such as first derivative value, second derivative value, not-a-knot. Hyman filter for monotonically constrained interpolation has been implemented. Primitive calculation has been enabled in addition to derivative and second derivative.
- Primitive, first derivative, and second derivative functions are available for linear interpolator.
- Singular value decomposition improved.
- Added bivariate cumulative normal distribution.
- Added binomial coefficient calculation, binomial distribution, cumulative binomial distribution, and Peizer-Pratt inversion (method 2.)
- Added beta functions.
- Added Poisson distribution and cumulative distribution.
- Added incomplete gamma functions.
- Added factorial calculation.
- Added rank-reduced square root and improved pseudo-square root of square symmetric matrices.
- Added Cholesky decomposition.
TEST SUITE
- Added test for cubic spline interpolation.
- Added test for singular value decomposition.
- Added test for two-asset baskets using the Stulz pricing engine.
- Added test for Monte Carlo American cash-at-hit options.
- Added test for jump-diffusion engine.
- Added test for American and European digital options.
MISCELLANEA
- Inner namespaces have been deprecated.
- Added frequency enumeration, including 'once'.
- MarketElement renamed to Quote.
- Handling strike=0.0 where possible.
- More Payoff classes have been introduced: gap, asset-or-nothing, cash-or-nothing. Payoff is now extensively used.
- Exercise class is now polymorphic. More derived classes have been introduced, and they are now extensively used.
- Introduced QL_FAIL macro.
- Added calendar for Copenhagen
- 14 April 2004 (election day) added to Johannesburg calendar as a one-off holiday.
- Documentation generated with Doxygen 1.3.6.
- Win32 installer generated with NSIS 2.0.
Release 0.3.4 - November 21th, 2003
MONTE CARLO FRAMEWORK
- MC European in one step with strike-independent vol curve (hopefully)
- Path pricer for Binary options. It should cover both European and American style options. Also known as: Digital, Binary, Cash-At-Hit, Cash-At-Expiry.
- Path pricers for barrier options
PRICING ENGINES FRAMEWORK
- More options moved to the new pricing engine framework: binary, barrier
- Changed setupEngine() into setupArguments(args)
- Moved pricing-engine machinery up to Instrument class
FIXED INCOME
- New basis-point sensitivity functions
- Added Swap::startDate() and maturity()
- Cap/floor fixing days taken into account
SHORT RATE MODELS
- An additional constraint can now be passed to the calibration
VOLATILITY FRAMEWORK
- Visitable volatility term structures
OPTIMIZATION FRAMEWORK
- Added composite constraint
PATTERNS
- Visitor, Alexandrescu-style (saves some code duplication)
MATH
- Added more integration algorithms contributed by Roman Gitlin
- Relaxed constaints on interval boundaries for integration algorithms
- Interpolation traits
TEST SUITE
- Added implied cap/floor term volatility test
- Added test for binary options in PricingEngine Framework.
- Added tests for Barrier options in PricingEngine Framework. Some Monte Carlo tests, but not comprehensive.
MISCELLANEA
- Conditionally allowed negative yields (disabled by default)
- Null calendar and simple day counter for reproducing theoretical calculations
- Fixed for VC++.Net compilation
- Added spec file for RPMs
- Added global flag for early/late payments
- Enabled test suite for Borland
- Removed OnTheEdge VC++ configurations
- Added VC++ configurations for static and dynamic Multithread libraries
- Upgraded to use Doxygen 1.3.4
Release 0.3.3 - September 3rd, 2003
MONTE CARLO FRAMEWORK
- Re-templatized Monte Carlo model based on traits.
- New path generator based on DiffusionProcess, TimeGrid, and externally initialized random number generator.
- Added Halton low discrepancy sequence.
- Added sequence generators: random sequence generator creates a sequence generator out of a random number generator. InvCumGaussianRsg creates a gaussian sequence generator out of a uniform (random or low discrepancy) sequence generator.
- RNG as constructor input constructor( long seed) deprecated.
- Mersenne Twister random number generator added
- Old PathPricers, PathGenerators, etc are available with a trailing _old
- Added Jäckel's Brownian Bridge (not used yet.)
- Sobol Random Sequence Generator. Unit and Jäckel.
- Added randomized Halton sequences.
FINITE DIFFERENCE FRAMEWORK
- Old class Grid no longer exists, use CenteredGrid to obtain the same result.
LATTICE FRAMEWORK
- Abstracted discretized option.
- Additive binomial trees. All binomial trees now use DiffusionProcess.
- Added Tian binomial tree.
PRICING ENGINES FRAMEWORK
- Partially implemented.
- Quanto forward compounded engines.
- Integral (european) pricing engine.
YIELD TERM STRUCTURE
- ZeroCurve: a term structure based on linear interpolation of zero yields.
FIXED INCOME
- Up-front and in-arrear indexed coupon.
- Specific implementation of compound forward rate from zero yield.
- Added compound forward and zero coupon implementations.
- Added Futures rate helper with specified maturity date.
- Added bucketed bps calculation.
- Added swap constructor using specified maturity date as well as added functionality in Scheduler.
- Added date-bucketed basis point sensitivity based on 1st derivative of zero coupon rate.
OPTIMIZATION FRAMEWORK
- Solvers now take any function. ObjectiveFunction disappeared.
PATTERNS
- Abstracted lazy object.
- Abstracted the curiously recurring template pattern.
DATE AND CALENDARS
- Added joint calendars.
- Tokyo, Stockholm, Johannesburg calendar improved.
- "MonthEndReference" business day rolling convention. Similar to "ModifiedFollowing", unless where original date is last business day of month all resulting dates will also be last business day of month.
- Added basic date generation starting from the end.
MATH
- Added Gauss-Kronrod integration algorithm.
- Added primitive polynomial modulo 2 up to dimension 18 (available up to dimension 27.)
- Added BicubicSplineInterpolation.
- Numerical Recipes algorithm is back since there is a problem with Nicolas' code: it is unable to fit a straight line, it waves around the line.
- Prime number generation.
- Acklam's approximation for inverse cumulative normal distribution function (replaced Moro's algorithm as default.)
- Added error function.
- Improved Cumulative Normal Distribution function using the error function.
- Matrix pseudo square algorithm using salvaging algorithm(s).
- Added SequenceStatistics.
- Major Statistic reworking.
- Added DiscrepancyStatistic that inherits from SequenceStatistic and extends it with the calculation of L2-discrepancy.
- HStatistics.
- Added first and second derivative ot cubic splines.
RISK MEASURES
- Introduced semiVariance and regret.
- Redefinition of average shorfall (normalization factor now is cumulative(target) instead of 1.0)
MISCELLANEA
- QuEP 9 "generic disposable objects" implemented.
- Added test suite.
- Dataformatters extended to format long integers, Ordinal numerals, power of two formatting.
- Exercise class adopted.
- Added user configuration section.
- Inhibited automatic conversion of Handle<T> to RelinkableHandle<T>.
- Diffusion process extended.
- Added strikeSensitivity to the Greeks.
- BS does handle t==0.0 and sigma==0.0.
- TimeGrid has been reworked.
- Added payoff file for Payoff classes. Added Cash-Or-Nothing and Asset-Or-Nothing payoff classes.
- Upgraded to use Doxygen 1.3.
Release 0.3.1 - February 4th, 2003
FINITE DIFFERENCE FRAMEWORK
VOLATILITY FRAMEWORK
- added Black and local volatility interface
PRICING ENGINES FRAMEWORK
YIELD TERM STRUCTURE
- interface revisited
- added discrete time forward methods
- added DiscountCurve (loglinear interpolated) and CompoundForward term structures
- ForwardSpreadedTermStructure moved under QuantLib::TermStructures namespace
FIXED INCOME
- Modified coupons so that the payment date can be after the end of the accrual period
MISCELLANEA
- added/verified holidays of many calendars
- added new calendars
- added new currencies
- more date formatters
- added Period(std::string&)
- it is now possible to advance a calandar using a Period
- added LogLinear Interpolation
- the allowExtrapolation boolean in interpolation classes has been removed from constructors and added to the operator()
- Renamed Solver1D::lowBound and hiBound
- bug fixes
BUILD PROCESS
- More autoconfiscated time functions and types
- Migrated to latest autotools
- added patches for Darwin and Solaris
Release 0.3.0 - May 6th, 2002
MONTE CARLO FRAMEWORK
- Path and MultiPath are time-aware
- McPricer: extended interface, improved convergency algorithm
FINITE DIFFERENCE FRAMEWORK
- added mixed (implicit/explicit) scheme, from which Crank-Nicolson,
ImplicitEuler, and ExplicitEuler are now derived
- Finite Difference exercise conditions are now in the
FiniteDifferences folder/namespace
- Finite Difference pricers now start with 'Fd' letters
- BSMNumericalOption became BsmFdOption
LATTICE FRAMEWORK
- introduced first version of the framework
- CRR and JR binomial trees
VOLATILITY FRAMEWORK
- early works on reorganization of vol structures
YIELD TERM STRUCTURE
- new TermStructure class based on affine model
- yield curves can be spreaded in term of zeros
(ZeroSpreadedTermStructure) and forwards
(ForwardSpreadedTermStructure)
- Added dates() and times() to PiecewiseFlatForward
- discount factor accuracy in the yield curve bootstrapping is an
input
- added single factor short-rate models (Hull-White, Black-Karasinski)
- added two factor short-rate models framework
- cap/floor and swaption calibration helpers
- added bermudan swaption pricing example (including BK and HW
calibrations)
FIXED INCOME
- cap/floor and swaption tree pricer
- cap/floor analytical pricer
- vanilla swaption Jamshidian pricer
- Added accruedAmount() to coupons
- Made cash flow vector builders into functions
OPTIMIZATION FRAMEWORK
- added conjugate gradient, simplex
PATTERNS
- implemented QuEP 8 and 10
MISCELLANEA
- added allowExtrapolation parameter to interpolaton classes
- added 2D bilinear interpolation
- better spline interpolation algorithm
- Added non-central chi-square distribution function.
- Improved Inverse Cumulative Normal Distribution using Moro's
algorithm
- Introduced class representing stochastic processes
- added isExpired() to Instrument interface
- added functions folder and namespace for %QuantLibXL and any other
function-like interface to %QuantLib
- Handle is now castable to an Handle of a compatible type
- added downsideVariance to the Statistics class
- kustosis() and skewness() now handles the case of stddev == 0 and/or
variance == 0
- added Correlation Matrix to MultiVariateAccumulator
- enforced MS VC compilation settings
- added "-debug" to the QL_VERSION version string ifdef QL_DEBUG
- "make check" runs the example programs under Borland C++
- fixed compilation with "g++ -pedantic"
- Spread as market element
- new calendars introduced
- new Xibor Indexes introduced
- Added optional day count to libor indexes
- Shortened file names within 31 char limit to support HFS
Release 0.2.1 - December 3rd, 2001
MONTE CARLO FRAMEWORK
- Path and MultiPath are now classes on their own
- PathPricer now handles both Path and MultiPath
- MonteCarloModel now handles both single factor and
multi factors simulations.
- McPricer now handles both single factor and
multi factors pricing. New pricing interface
- antithetic variance-reduction technique made possible in Monte Carlo
for both single factor and multi factors
- Control Variate specific class removed: control variation
technique is now handled by the general MC model
- average price and average strike asian option refactored
- Sample as a (value,weight) struct
- random number generators moved under RandomNumbers folder and
namespace
FINITE DIFFERENCE FRAMEWORK
- BackwardEuler and ForwardEuler renamed ImplicitEuler and
ExplicitEuler,
respectively
- refactoring of TridiagonalOperator and derived classes
YIELD TERM STRUCTURE AND FIXED INCOME
- Added some useful methods to term structure classes
- Allowed passing a quote to RateHelpers as double
- added FuturesRateHelpers (no convexity adjustment yet)
- PiecewiseFlatForward now observer of rates passed as MarketElements
- Unified Date and Time interface in TermStructure
- Added BPS to generic swap legs
- added term_structure+swap example
- Fixing days introduced for floating-coupon bond
PATTERNS
- Added factory pattern
- Calendar and DayCounter now use the Strategy pattern
VARIOUS
- used do-while-false idiom in QL_REQUIRE-like macros
- now using size_t where appropriate
- dividendYield is now a Spread instead of a Rate (that is: cost of
carry is allowed)
- RelinkableHandle initialized with an optional Handle
- Worked around VC++ problems in History constructor
- added QL_VERSION and QL_HEX_VERSION
- generic bug fixes
- removed classes deprecated in 0.2.0
INSTALLATION FACILITIES
- improved and smoother Win32 binary installer
DOCUMENTATION
- general re-hauling
- improved and extended Monte Carlo documentation
- improved and extended examples
- Upgraded to Doxygen <IP_ADDRESS>
- Added man pages for installed executables
- added docs in Windows Help format
- added info on "Win32 OnTheEdgeRelease" and "Win32 OnTheEdgeDebug" MS VC++ configurations
- additional information on how to create a MS VC++ project based on QuantLib
Release 0.2.0 - September 18th, 2001
- Library:
- source code moved under ql, better GNU standards
- gcc build dir can now be separated from source tree
- gcc 3.0.1 port
- clean compilation (no warnings)
- bootstrap script on cygwin
- Fixed automatic choice of seed for random number generators
- Actual/actual classes
- extended platform support (see table in documentation)
- antithetic variance-reduction technique made possible in Monte Carlo
- added dividend-Rho greek
- First implementation of segment integral (to be redesigned)
- Knuth random generator
- Cash flows, scheduler, and swap (both generic and simple) added
- added ICGaussian random generator
- generic bug fixes
- Installation facilities:
- improved and smoother Win32 binary installer
- better distribution
- debian packages available
- Documentation:
- general re-hauling
- added examples of using QuantLib and of projects based on QL
Release 0.1.9 - May 31st, 2001
- Library:
- Style guidelines introduced (see http://quantlib.org/style.shtml) and partially enforced
- full support for Microsoft Visual Studio
- full support for Linux/gcc
- momentarily broken support for Metrowerks CodeWarrior
- autoconfiscation (with specialized config.*.hpp files for platforms without automake/autoconf support)
- Include files moved under Include/ql folder and referenced as "ql/header.hpp"
- Implemented expression templates techniques for array algebra optimization
- Added custom iterators
- Improved term structure
- Added Asian, Bermudan, Shout, Cliquet, Himalaya, and Barrier options (all with greeks calculation, control variated where possible)
- Added Helsinki and Wellington calendars
- Improved Normal distribution related functions: cumulative, inverse cumulative, etc.
- Added uniform and Gaussian random number generators
- Added Statistics class (mean, variance, skewness, downside variance, etc.)
- Added RiskMeasures class: VAR, average shortfall, expected shortfall, etc.
- Added RiskStatistics class combining Statistics and RiskMeasures
- Added sample accumulator for multivariate analysis
- Added Monte Carlo tools
- Added matrix-related functions (square root, symmetric Schur decomposition)
- Added interpolation framework (linear and cubic spline interpolation implemented).
- Installation facilities:
- Added Win32 GUI installer for binaries
- Documentation:
- support for Doxygen 1.2.7
- Added man documentation
Release 0.1.1 - November 21st, 2000
Initial release.


Constant structure associated with DAC port. More...
#include <dac_dma.h>
Public Attributes | |
| Dacc * | pDacHw |
| Pointer to DAC Hardware registers. More... | |
| DacCmd * | pCurrentCommand |
| Current SpiCommand being processed. More... | |
| sXdmad * | pXdmad |
| Pointer to DMA driver. More... | |
| uint8_t | dacId |
| DACC Id as defined in the product datasheet. More... | |
| volatile int8_t | semaphore |
| Mutual exclusion semaphore. More... | |
Constant structure associated with DAC port.
This structure prevents client applications to have access in the same time.
| uint8_t DacDma::dacId |
DACC Id as defined in the product datasheet.
| DacCmd* DacDma::pCurrentCommand |
Current SpiCommand being processed.
| Dacc* DacDma::pDacHw |
Pointer to DAC Hardware registers.
| sXdmad* DacDma::pXdmad |
Pointer to DMA driver.
| volatile int8_t DacDma::semaphore |
Mutual exclusion semaphore.


Send Invite! Send Invite! An email with a confirmation link will be sent to {{$ctrl.validUser}}. The user may then confirm or decline your project invitation.


-
+91<PHONE_NUMBER>
||
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>I Am
Full Stack Development includes, both frontend development and backend development...using HTML, CSS, JS, JS Frameworks, Python Frameworks and Databases.
FrontEnd is a similar process of creation, with the intention of presenting the content on electronic web pages... It is only done by HTML, CSS, Bootstrap, ReactJS, Redux.
It includes integrating your frontend website with database and backend API's using python frameworks like flask, django etc.
Data Analysis includes analysing the datasets and doing some prediction based on machine learning algortithms, and python libraries like NumPy, Pandas....
These are the websites made, keeping the E-commerce world in mind.
These websites don't have linked pages,all the things are on the same page which makes the website look more cool and fast..
January 22, 2018 Logos
If you’re reading this, you probably plan to start a small business or a side hustle very soon. And you probably have a couple ...
If you’re reading this, you probably plan to start a small business or a side hustle very soon. And you probably have a couple of questions running through your mind like: “Do I really need that logo?” or “Yep, I really need one. But how can I get it on a budget?” This post was created to help you bring system out of confusion so you can get the best out of your business and enter the market full force. First of all, yes, you do need a logo, and it doesn’t really matter how big or small your business is. Even if you’re making a craft soap and sell it to your relatives and friends, you still need a logo. If you plan to monetize an idea, you need a logo for it. Otherwise your work, your efforts, your image and your future brand belong to everyone, like grapes at a grocery store.  Here are a few tips that will make the whole process easier and more fun. The first step to a killer logo is an idea. So start feeding your brain with new impressions and experiences. Use anything that works for you. Try hiking and gain inspiration from nature. Or visit an art gallery. Meditation, photography, action sports… In a nutshell, any kind of activity that fills you up with energy and joy may help you get that revolutionary idea. It’s always useful to browse the websites (or social media profiles) of your potential rivals to not only judge their logos but to practice analysis. Do you find your competitor’s logo effective or attractive? Try to think of the ways it helps the rival company to be profitable. Is there something you would change? Why? All of these questions can really help you to improve your own perception of your brand as well as the future marketing strategy. Find out what the strengths and weaknesses of your rivals are and benefit from that knowledge. When it comes to logo design, there are and always will be several safe choices like bold and elegant black and white logos or serif font wordmarks. But if you’re striving to get that killer logo, don’t be afraid to cross the line and try something rebellious. Go out there and get to know the latest design trends. For example, you may experiment with the bold colors like Ultra Violet, which is the Pantone color of the year, by the way. Or play with the typography and color gradients.
February 07, 2018 Illustrator
Spring cleaning isn't just about washing windows and clearing away cobwebs. Your design career also needs a thorough ...
 If your target audience doesn’t know or trust ...
Having a solid, trusted brand is important for your company to thrive. If your target audience doesn’t know or trust your brand, how will you ever increase your customer base and sales? Here are six innovative strategies you can use to increase brand awareness and help your business thrive. Inviting influencers into your niche is a great way to increase brand awareness and hopefully drive sales. When influencers have an established audience that knows and trusts them, once they mention your product(s) and discuss your brand in their content, those mentions will expand your reach and increase people’s awareness of your product. Ikonick is a perfect example of a company that works directly with influencers: It sells canvas art for your home and office. The way Ikonick uses influencers involves providing them with art and having those influencers pose with the art, then share the photos on social media. "Our relationships are an important part of our business," co-founder Mark Mastrandrea told me. "Our relationships make up our community, and the community is how our brand grows." Ikonick uses all types of influencers, from Instagram photographers to celebrities. The company's social strategy has enabled it to scale and grow exponentially because its influencers become part of its sales team -- even ambassadors. The relationship is mutually rewarding, Mastrandrea said. Companies can also offer to sponsor influencers at an event (if they do that sort of thing) and even use them as spokespersons for their brand and product(s). A lot of CrossFit-related companies do this, including Rogue Fitness, which sponsors certain athletes with clothing. The athlete then becomes a walking billboard for the company. Have you ever received an order that came in branded packaging? Rather than see it as just another shipment, perhaps you felt that that that special branding made the package seem like a gift. The team knows that the product experience doesn't commence at first use, but rather at the unboxing stage. How companies present their brand, and the story they tell through their design and graphics, can create an emotional connection with the customer that may last even longer than the product itself.


NEWS.md
trading_new_order()
. It is only valid for Matba Rofex instruments.This is an update into CRAN. With this release we have completed all API methods, including Websocket connections.
trading_ws_orders()
has been added. This will update your desire data frame with information about your order status when any new data is generated. See function documentation for more information.trading_ws_md()
has been added. This will update your desire data frame when any new data is generated. You can also listen to specific columns and only receive those changes.trading_ws_close()
has been added. Tkanhs to @soberto to the idea of saving every Websocket on an environment for a more clean way to handle them. You can close every connection at once if needed.trading_md()
. Now the result gets flattened when depth=1L. This solves the issue #17.trading_md()
.trading_md()
and trading_mdh()
. It only supports one instrument at the time. See documentation page for requesting many.trading_md()
and trading_mdh()
.trading_md()
.trading_account_report()
to request information about your trading account.trading_currencies()
to request currencies prices.trading_account()
to request information about your trading account.trading_md()
.trading_mdh()
now supports market_id = 'MERV'
.trading_md()
and trading_mdh()
gain a new parameter: tidy. If tidy = TRUE
the information will be arrange in a tidy format.trading_instruments()
method. It has been added: Product Type, Ticker, Option Type, Strike Price, Underlying, Settlement.trading_instruments()
. Now you can search instruments by Segment, Type and CFI Code.trading_instruments_fronts()
to list only front month future contracts. Thanks @jfgomezok for the request and clarification on how to show the data.token()
, base_url()
and login_date_time()


Click. Click. Code.
Get instant access to the cutting-edge APIs your business needs
Start saving time today!


Algae killing off salmon
by John LawlessCermaq Canada, who owns three fish farms in Tofino, is saying that there have been a large number of farm-salmon deaths being caused by a harmful algae bloom.
CTV Vancouver Island reports that the farms are claiming the bloom could be traced back to the rising ocean temperatures in the area. The three farms are are set up in the Herbert Inlet, which is on the west side of Vancouver Island.
Cermaq says the algae is aggressive in nature, and is native to the area.
"We are seeing two particular types of algae in these regions, chaetoceros concavicornis and chaetoceros convolutes, which are both native to the Pacific Ocean," said David Kiemele, managing director for Cermaq Canada in a news release on Friday. "These particular algae have rigid 'spines' that are harmful to fish when they come in contact with gills."
The company says the current environment conditions are the perfect conditions for this algae to grow and spread. Cermaq reports that blooms are often found in waters with low dissolved oxygen and warm water ocean temperatures, which are happening in the areas where their farms are located.
The fish farm company has been rolling out countermeasures to fix the problem, and they are already starting to work.
Some of the measures are holding out food for the salmon so they swim below the algae to feed, minimizing activity to reduce stress on the fish and pumps that will push water from deeper parts of the ocean into the farm to disperse the algae growth.
- With files from CTV Vancouver Island


--- layout: post title: ! 'JavaScript: Search and replace (addendum)' tags: [] status: publish type: post published: true meta: {} ---
Just a brief follow up on the previous article on Search and replace. I mentioned to ward the end that in order to improve the performance of the script I was considering moving the the Regular Expression bit outside of the main script into a separate function. The focus of this article will be calling the new function and returning the value. As ever here is the whole script for you to look at first.
<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0 Transitional//EN">

<title>Example match and replace</title>

<form name="form1" action="" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data" onsubmit="return validate(this);">
<input type="Text" name="r_test1_'test_1'" size="25">

<input type="Text" name="r_test2_'test_2'" size="25">

<input type="Submit" name="sub_but_2" value="Submit">
</form>

OK now for the changes. Looking at the actual form first I have renamed the function being called on submit to validate(this), hence you will need to rename the main function in your scrip as well. That's it with the form so now let's look at the script.
The first thing you will notice is the addition of a function called strip(str) with the parameter str included. This function basically includes the lines of code we used to strip out the "_" and single quotes. As a final step I added the return statement. This was required in order to pass the result of this function back to the calling function, which in this case is validate(f).
The last change we need to make is remove the old stripping code and make sure that the new strip function is being called. To this end you need to locate the line with whichEl.innerHTML = str; and replace str with the function call strip(e.name). You need to pass the parameter e.name, so that strip knows which element to parse.
 When the form is submitted the function validate is called and if one of the fields is empty and error message is generated. To publish this message the script needs to know the field name, which it determines by calling the function strip. That's it.


{% extends "layout.html" %}
{% block title %}{{ current_episode.number }} - {{ current_episode.title }}{% endblock %}
{% block content %}
{% include "episodes/partials/navigation.html" %}
{% include "episodes/partials/background_image.html" %}
{% include "episodes/partials/audio_player.html" %}
{% include "episodes/partials/info_modal.html" %}
{% include "episodes/partials/about_modal.html" %}
{% include "episodes/partials/archive_modal.html" %}
{% endblock %}


Preparation time
less than 30 mins
Cooking time
10 to 30 mins
Serves
Makes 6 puddings
Dietary
A moist, luscious sponge and a rum-spiced sauce make this sticky toffee pudding extra naughty.
For the pudding, preheat the oven to 180C/350F/Gas 4 and grease six ramekins with butter.
In a bowl, cover the dates with the boiling water. Add the bicarbonate of soda, stir until dissolved and set aside to cool.
In a clean bowl beat the butter and sugar until pale and fluffy. Gradually add the eggs and mix in well. Add the sifted flour and baking powder in batches and mix thoroughly.
Add the warm dates and their liquid and mix until combined. You should now have a wet batter that can be spooned into the ramekins (do not fill more than two thirds full).
Place the ramekins on a baking tray and bake in the centre of the oven for approximately 15 minutes, or until they are risen and firm to touch.
To make toffee sauce, in a pan gently heat all the ingredients except the cream. When the butter has melted whisk in the cream.
To serve, turn out the puddings onto serving plates and pour the toffee sauce into serving containers or drizzle over the puddings.


Frequently Asked Questions
Haml
How do I put a punctuation mark after an element, like “I like cake!
”?
Expressing the structure of a document and expressing inline formatting are two very different problems. Haml is mostly designed for structure, so the best way to deal with formatting is to leave it to other languages that are designed for it. You could use Textile:
%p
:textile
I like *cake*!
or Markdown:
%p
:markdown
I like **cake**!
or plain old XHTML:
%p I like cake!
If you’re inserting something that’s generated by a helper, like a link, then it’s even easier:
%p== I like #{link_to 'chocolate', 'http://franschocolates.com'}!
How do I stop Haml from indenting the contents of my pre
and textarea
tags?
Because Haml automatically indents the HTML source code,
the contents of whitespace-sensitive tags like pre
and textarea
can get screwed up.
The solution is to replace the newlines inside these tags
with HTML newline entities (

),
which Haml does using the Haml::Helpers#preserve and Haml::Helpers#find_and_preserve helpers.
Normally, Haml will do this for you automatically
when you’re using a tag that needs it
(this can be customized using the :preserve
option).
For example,
%p
%textarea= "Foo\nBar"
will be compiled to

<textarea>
Foo
Bar</textarea>

However, if a helper is generating the tag,
Haml can’t detect that and so you’ll have to call Haml::Helpers#find_and_preserve yourself.
You can also use ~
, which is the same as =
except that it automatically runs find_and_preserve
on its input.
For example:
%p= find_and_preserve "<textarea>Foo\nBar</textarea>"
is the same as
%p~ "<textarea>Foo\nBar</textarea>"
and renders

<textarea>Foo
Bar</textarea>

How do I make my long lines of Ruby code look nicer in my Haml document?
Put them in a helper or your model.
Haml purposefully makes it annoying to put lots of Ruby code into your templates,
because lots of code doesn’t belong in the view.
If you take that huge link_to_remote
call
and move it to a update_sidebar_link
helper,
it’ll make your view both easier to read and more semantic.
If you absolutely must put lots of code in your template,
Haml offers a somewhat awkward multiline-continuation tool.
Put a |
(pipe character) at the end of each line you want to be merged into one
(including the last line!).
For example:
%p= @this.is(way.too.much). |
code("and I should"). |
really_move.it.into( |
:a => @helper) |
Note that sometimes it is valid to include lots of Ruby in a template when that Ruby is a helper call that passes in a lot of template information. Thus when a function has lots of arguments, it’s possible to wrap it across multiple lines as long as each line ends in a comma. For example:
= link_to_remote "Add to cart",
:url => { :action => "add", :id => product.id },
:update => { :success => "cart", :failure => "error" }
form_for
is printing the form tag twice!
Make sure you’re calling it with -
, not =
.
Just like in ERB, you have to do
<% form_for stuff do %>
...
<% end %>
in Haml, you have to do
- form_for stuff do
...
I have Haml installed. Why is Rails (only looking for .html.erb
files | rendering Haml files as plain text | rendering Haml files as blank pages)?
There are several reasons these things might be happening.
First of all, make sure that Haml really is installed;
either you’ve loaded the gem (via config.gem
in Rails 2.3 or in the Gemfile in Rails 3),
or vendor/plugins/haml
exists and contains files.
Then try restarting Mongrel or WEBrick or whatever you might be using.
Finally, if none of these work,
chances are you’ve got some localization plugin like Globalize installed.
Such plugins often don’t play nicely with Haml.
Luckily, there’s usually an easy fix.
For Globalize, just edit globalize/lib/globalize/rails/action_view.rb
and change
@@re_extension = /\.(rjs|rhtml|rxml)$/
to
@@re_extension = /\.(rjs|rhtml|rxml|erb|builder|haml)$/
For other plugins, a little searching will probably turn up a way to fix them as well.
You still haven’t answered my question!
Sorry! Try looking at the Haml reference,
If you can’t find an answer there,
feel free to ask in #haml
on irc.freenode.net
or send an email to the mailing list.


Crystal Palace 'want January deal for Olivier Giroud'
Crystal Palace are reportedly keen on a January deal for Chelsea forward Olivier Giroud.
by Matt LawThe France international - also linked with the likes of Inter Milan and Borussia Dortmund - has only made four Premier League appearances for Chelsea during the 2019-20 campaign.
The 33-year-old will see his contract at Stamford Bridge expire this summer, and it is widely thought that the experienced striker will seek pastures new at the start of 2020.
According to The Express, Palace want to complete a January deal for the 2018 World Cup winner, but the Eagles will struggle to afford the Frenchman's salary.
Indeed, the report claims that Giroud is looking for a two-year deal worth £7m a season, which could price Roy Hodgson's side out of a mid-season swoop.
The former Grenoble youngster has scored 19 times in 69 appearances for Chelsea since joining the club from capital rivals Arsenal in January 2018.
body check tags ::


CSPICE_BODC2N returns the body name corresponding to an input numeric
ID value.
Given:
code SPICE code(s) for a set of bodies: planets, satellites,
barycenters, DSN stations, spacecraft, asteroids, comets,
or other ephemeris object.
[1,n] = size(code); int32 = class(code)
the call:
[name, found] = cspice_bodc2n( code )
returns:
name the name(s) corresponding to 'code' if a mapping between
'code' and a body name exists within SPICE, assigned either
in SPICE or by the user.
[n,c1] = size(name); char = class(name)
If 'code' has more than one translation, then the most recently
defined 'name' corresponding to 'code' is returned. 'name' will
have the exact format (case and blanks) as when the name/code
pair was defined.
found flag(s) indicating if the kernel subsystem translated 'code' to
a corresponding 'name'.
[1,n] = size(found); logical = class(found)
'found' and 'name' return with the same vectorization
measure, N, as 'code'.
Any numerical results shown for this example may differ between
platforms as the results depend on the SPICE kernels used as input
and the machine specific arithmetic implementation.
%
% Retrieve the current body name associated to a given NAIF ID.
%
disp( 'Scalar:' )
naif_id = 501;
[name, found] = cspice_bodc2n( naif_id );
%
% Output the mapping if it exists.
%
if ( found )
fprintf( 'Body ID %i maps to name %s\n', naif_id, name );
end
disp( ' ' )
%
% Create an array of IDs. Include one unknown ID.
%
disp( 'Vector:' )
naif_id = [ 502, 503, 504, 505, 5006 ];
[name, found] = cspice_bodc2n( naif_id );
n_elements = size(found,2);
%
% Loop over the output array.
%
for n=1:n_elements
%
% Check for a valid name/ID mapping.
%
if( found(n) )
fprintf( 'Body ID %i maps to name %s\n', ...
naif_id(n) , name(n,:) );
else
fprintf( 'Unknown body ID %i\n', naif_id(n) );
end
end
MATLAB outputs:
Scalar:
Body ID 501 maps to name IO
Vector:
Body ID 502 maps to name EUROPA
Body ID 503 maps to name GANYMEDE
Body ID 504 maps to name CALLISTO
Body ID 505 maps to name AMALTHEA
Unknown body ID 5006
A sister version of this routine exists named mice_bodc2n that returns
the output arguments as fields in a single structure.
cspice_bodc2n is one of five related subroutines,
cspice_bods2c Body string to code
cspice_bodc2s Body code to string
cspice_bodn2c Body name to code
cspice_bodc2n Body code to name
cspice_boddef Body name/code definition
cspice_bods2c, cspice_bodc2s, cspice_bodn2c, and cspice_bodc2n
perform translations between body names and their corresponding
integer ID codes which are used in SPICE files and routines.
cspice_bods2c is a slightly more general version of cspice_bodn2c:
support for strings containing ID codes in string format enables a caller
to identify a body using a string, even when no name is associated with
that body.
cspice_bodc2s is a general version of cspice_bodc2n; the routine returns
either the name assigned in the body ID to name mapping or a string
representation of the 'code' value if no mapping exists.
cspice_boddef assigns a body name to ID mapping. The mapping has
priority in name-to-ID and ID-to-name translations.
Refer to NAIF_IDS.REQ for the list of name/code associations built
into SPICE, and for details concerning adding new name/code
associations at run time by loading text kernels.
For important details concerning this module's function, please refer to
the CSPICE routine bodc2n_c.
MICE.REQ
NAIF_IDS.REQ
-Mice Version 1.0.2, 28-OCT-2014, EDW (JPL)
Edited I/O section to conform to NAIF standard for Mice documentation.
-Mice Version 1.0.1, 16-MAY-2009 (EDW)
Edit to Particulars section to document the cspice_bodc2s routine.
Extended argument descriptions in the I/O section.
Corrected typo in usage string.
-Mice Version 1.0.0, 22-NOV-2005, EDW (JPL)
body id code to name
|


I'm a husband and a father that loves to create logos and building websites.
CSS, HTML5, Illustration, logos
The 2020 Pandemic brought a lot of unexpected twists and turns. I experienced job loss along with countless others. I also became a father in the midst of the world turning completely upside down. I decided to take a leap of faith and bridge my two passions together. I have an undeniable love for graphic design and have done freelancing projects for local businesses. My other passion is web development. My curiosity for problem solving and love for the tech world fueled my continual growth and educational development. This website is a testament that you can achieve your dreams even in the middle of an unprecedented time’s.
I am an adaptable candidate who has consistently been praised as quality-oriented with outstanding customer service by co-workers and managers. I have worked over 10 years in customer service which allows me to an expert on body language and tones of others. I'm the one who loves to socialize and find as many things in common as possible when it comes to meeting someone new for the first time. .
CONTACT ME


RatchetRootKey
struct RatchetRootKey
A root key is within a ratchet to derive new sender and receiver chain keys.
-
Bytes used as input for the KDF
Declaration
Swift
private static let keyInfo: Data
-
The number of bytes for the root key
Declaration
Swift
static let secretSize: Int
-
The current root key
Declaration
Swift
let key: Data
-
Create a new root key from the components
Declaration
Swift
init(key: Data)
Parameters
key
The current root key
-
Create a new root key and chain key.
Throws
SignalError.hmacError
, if the HMAC authentication failsDeclaration
Swift
func createChain(theirRatchetKey: PublicKey, ourRatchetKey: PrivateKey) throws -> (rootKey: RatchetRootKey, chainKey: RatchetChainKey)
Parameters
theirRatchetKey
The ratchet key from the other party.
ourRatchetKey
The local ratchet key
Return Value
A tuple of the root key and chain key
-
Return the serialized root key
Declaration
Swift
func protoData() -> Data
Return Value
The serialized data
-
Deserialize a root key.
Declaration
Swift
init(from data: Data)
Parameters
data
The serialized key.
-
Compare two root keys.
Declaration
Swift
static func < (lhs: RatchetRootKey, rhs: RatchetRootKey) -> Bool
Parameters
lhs
The first key
rhs
The second key
Return Value
True
, if the first key is ‘smaller’ than the second key
-
Compare two root keys for equality.
Declaration
Swift
static func == (lhs: RatchetRootKey, rhs: RatchetRootKey) -> Bool
Parameters
lhs
The first key
rhs
The second key
Return Value
True
, if the keys are equal


2016 Robot
The challenge of this year is FIRST Stronghold... . For a more detailed description, see the official video reveal.
You can view our team’s more detailed results on The Blue Alliance.
The challenge of this year is FIRST Stronghold... . For a more detailed description, see the official video reveal.
You can view our team’s more detailed results on The Blue Alliance.


repository: https://github.com/rbuckton/grammarkdown contributors: Microsoft Corporation copyright: false


Blockly showcase...
dynamic (works in lively)
static (works in outside)
We will have to make the static version also work out of the box from within lively. (#Jens)


It would be great to hear from you! If you got any questions, please do not hesitate to send us a message. We are looking forward to hearing from you! We reply within 24 hours!
17504 Carlton Cuevas Rd, MS 39503
+(804) 178-1249
1234 North Avenue Luke, IN 360001
+(905) 379-4349
44 Shirley Ave. West Chicago, IL 60185
+(704) 279-1249


Tupac shakur is one of the most influencial rappers that have lived and is still considered a legend for his poetry and message he potrayed in his music and raps.
Tupac Amaru Shakur is born on June 16, 1971 in East Harlem, NY
Tupac joins rap group Digital Underground as a dancer, backup MC, and roadie.Y
Tupac makes his first rapping appearance on the single “Same Song” from Digital Underground’s album, Sons Of the P.
Tupac releases his first solo album, 2Pacalypse Now, on Interscope Records. The album features breakout singles “Brenda’s Got a Baby” and “Trapped.”
Tupac makes his Hollywood acting debut in director Ernest Dickerson’s Juice.
Tupac’s sophomore album, Strictly 4 My N.I.G.G.A.Z..., is released and features the hit singles “Keep Ya Head Up” and “I Get Around.”
Tupac stars alongside Janet Jackson in director John Singleton’s film Poetic Justice
Tupac forms the group Thug Life with his friends Big Syke, Macadoshis, Rated R, and his stepbrother Mopreme Shakur.
Tupac stars in director Jeff Pollack’s film Above the Rim. His songs “Pour Out a Little Liquor” and “Pain” are featured in the film, but “Pain” is left off the officially released soundtrack.
Tupac begins serving a prison sentence for sexually assaulting a woman in a hotel room back in 1993. He serves only 9 months of his sentence before Suge Knight bails him out for $1.4 million in exchange for a 3-record deal with Death Row Rec
The multi-platinum album Me Against the World is released shortly after Tupac begins his prison sentence.
In an interview with Vibe magazine, Tupac accuses Puff Daddy and Notorious B.I.G. of setting up the ambush and robbery on him at Quad Recording Studios the previous year.
Tupac releases his multi-platinum selling, fourth album, All Eyez on Me. The double-album features the Billboard Hot 100 #1 singles “How Do U Want It” and “California Love.”
Tupac and the Outlawz release the diss track “Hit ‘Em Up”. The track is aimed at Notorious B.I.G. and the Bad Boy Records crew, further fueling the East Coast-West Coast rivalry.
On September 7, Tupac is shot multiple times in a drive-by shooting following a boxing match in Las Vegas.
Tupac dies on September 13 of complications from the gunshot wounds he sustained in the drive-by shooting on September 7.
Afeni Shakur, Tupac’s mother, founds the Shakur Family Foundation, which is later renamed the Tupac Amaru Shakur Foundation (TASF).


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BirdTrackerApp
Summary:
This is a fullstack web project made to track birds/allow users to add new birds to the
database
Technology Used:
Axios, bcryptjs, Express, NPM, Express-handlebars, passport, Squelize, MySQL,travis.yml,
bootstrap, JavaScript, Jquery


MAP n1 &optional ,n2 &optional ...
Description
MAP can be used to write constants into ROM.
Results
Compiles n1,n2,… into the ROM with 16-bit data each value.
Example
; create some data my_map: map 1,2,3,4,5,6 ; must be even before other code map 1,2,3,4,5,6 ; here we have 12 so it's ok. start: ; some code here then maptiles tile(8,0,0),my_map,6,2
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