name: inverse layout: true class: underscore --- class: center, middle, hero .title[ # Why do functional programmers always talk about algebra(s)? ## Adam Rosien, [@arosien](http://twitter.com/arosien) ## [Scala.IO 2016](http://scala.io/) [![Underscore Logo](img/white-logo.png)](http://underscore.io/) ] ??? Hi, and welcome to my talk. My name is Adam Rosien and I'm a consultant at Underscore, a Scala specialist consultancy. Toggle speaker view by pressing P Pressing C clones the slideshow view, which is the view to put on the projector if you're using speaker view. Press ? to toggle keyboard commands help. --- class: center wide # .spring[.remark-code[a + 2b + 12]] ??? Algebras... what are they? Here's a kind of algebraic expression familiar from school. -- # .lemon[.remark-code[(p & q) | r]] ??? Here's another that we use all the time in programming: the boolean algebra. -- # .maraschino[█ + █ = ██] ??? What about... Lego(tm)? We put a block together with another block, and what do we get? Another Lego(tm). -- # .sky[.smaller-code[.remark-code[path((0 to 3) map (i => ◜ ↻ (i*90)) = ○]]] ??? How about figure drawing? We can rotate an arc 4 times by 90°, connect them as a path, and we can draw a circle. -- # .smaller-code[.remark-code[case class Address(street: Street, state: State)]] ??? How about types? We can certainly combine types together in certain ways to form other types. -- .lavender[ .smaller-code[.remark-code[GET /repos/:owner/:repo/git/commits/:sha]]
.smaller-code[.remark-code[POST /repos/:owner/:repo/git/commits]]] ??? How about an API? Can we consider an API an algebra? Or make it one? We'll find out! --- class: center middle # 1 Structure # 2 Algebraic Data Types # 3 Exploitation # 4 Domain Algebras --- class: center middle section # 1 Structure ??? First, what are algebras, do they have some structure? --- class: center # .spring[.remark-code[a + 2b + 12]] ??? Here's our arithmetical expression again. -- # a, b, ... 0, 1, 2, ... ??? We see it consists of some variables, some constants. -- # a ⋅ b a + b ??? You can add or multiply them together. -- a ⋅ b = b ⋅ a a ⋅ 1 = a a ⋅ 0 = 0
a + b = b + a a + 0 = a
a ⋅ (b + c) = (a ⋅ b) + (a ⋅ c) ??? You might remember these rules: the order of operations doesn't matter, there's a special number 0, that when added to anything, gives you back the input, etc. --- class: center # .spring[
Algebra
] # a, b, ... 0, 1, 2, ... # a ⋅ b a + b a ⋅ b = b ⋅ a a ⋅ 1 = a a ⋅ 0 = 0
a + b = b + a a + 0 = a
a ⋅ (b + c) = (a ⋅ b) + (a ⋅ c) ??? So this gives us enough information to describe algebraic structure. An algebra... --- class: center # .spring[
Algebra
] # Symbols # a ⋅ b a + b a ⋅ b = b ⋅ a a ⋅ 1 = a a ⋅ 0 = 0
a + b = b + a a + 0 = a
a ⋅ (b + c) = (a ⋅ b) + (a ⋅ c) ??? has symbols --- class: center # .spring[
Algebra
] # Symbols # Operations a ⋅ b = b ⋅ a a ⋅ 1 = a a ⋅ 0 = 0
a + b = b + a a + 0 = a
a ⋅ (b + c) = (a ⋅ b) + (a ⋅ c) ??? operations --- class: center # .spring[
Algebra
] # Symbols # Operations # Laws ??? and laws. --- class: center # .spring[
Algebra
] # .tin[Symbols:] constants, variables # .tin[Operations:] a ⋅ b a + b # .tin[Laws: ] identity, symmetry, distributivity, ... ??? Every algebra has 3 parts: its symbols, the operations on those symbols, and laws that constrain what those operations can do. For example, in arithmetic, the symbols are our variables. We operate on those variables using addition and multiplication, and we have to maintain certain invariants like adding 0 to anything gives you back your input. There can be higher order constraints, like the distributive law, where the product of a sum is equal to the sum of the products (with the multiplication factor *distributed* to the sums). --- class: center middle section # 2 Algebraic Data Types --- class: center middle #
Algebraic Data Types
# Symbols # Operations # Laws ??? Algebraic data types... they must be some kind of algebra. We know what makes up an algebra now: symbols, operations, and laws. --- class: center middle #
Algebraic Data Types
# .tin[Symbols: ] A, B, ... # Operations # Laws ??? We know what the symbols of this algebra are, they are the names of our types. --- class: center middle #
Algebraic Data Types
# .tin[Symbols: ] A, B, ... # .tin[Operations: ] "make new types" # .tin[Laws: ] compiler does it? ??? But what about the operations? We know we want to "make new types". You may already have ideas about what operations we can perform. And the laws? Maybe the compiler has them? Or, what are they? --- class: center # a ⋅ b ??? It turns out that the algebra of types is equivalent to the algebra of arithmetic. So we'll build our algebra of types starting with the same operations, and laws, as we did before. Here we have a product: a times b. -- ``` (A, B) ``` ??? In types, that's just a tuple. -- ``` (A, B) ≅ (B, A) (A, (B, C)) ≅ ((A, B), C) ``` ??? (symmetry law, associativity law) Note that I'm not using = here, I'm using ≅ to mean "equivalent": both order of components in the tuples contain equivalent information. Same for nesting of tuples. --- class: center # a ⋅ 1 = a ??? What about multiplication by 1? We know this is true for arithmetic. -- ``` (A, Unit) ≅ A ``` ??? It's the same for products for types. 1 is the type Unit. identity law (products) --- class: center # a ⋅ 0 = 0 ??? What about multiplication by 0? -- ``` (A, Nothing) ≅ Nothing ``` ??? 0 in types is Nothing, the type with *no* values. So anything paired with a value that can't exist, that can't exist either! --- class: center # a + b -- ``` Either[A, B] ``` -- ``` Either[A, B] ≅ Either[B, A] Either[A, Either[B, C]] ≅ Either[Either[A, B], C] ``` ??? symmetry law associativity law --- class: center # a + 0 = a -- ``` Either[A, Nothing] ≅ A ``` ??? identity law (coproducts) --- class: center # a ⋅ (b + c) = (a ⋅ b) + (a ⋅ c) -- ```scala (A, Either[B, C]) ≅ Either[(A, B), (A, C)] ``` ??? distributive law --- class: center # 1 + 1 = 2 -- ``` Either[Unit, Unit] ≅ Boolean ``` --- class: center # 1 + a -- ``` Either[Unit, A] ≅ Option[A] ``` --- class: center # a + a = 2 ⋅ a -- ``` Either[A, A] ≅ (Boolean, A) ``` --- class: center middle #
Algebraic Data Types
# Symbols # Operations # Laws --- class: center middle #
Algebraic Data Types
# .tin[Symbols:] Type symbols # Operations # Laws --- class: center middle #
Algebraic Data Types
# .tin[Symbols:] Type symbols # .tin[Operations:] product, sum # Laws ??? TODO: product ~ case class TODO: sum ~ sealed trait hierarchy --- class: center middle #
Algebraic Data Types
# .tin[Symbols:] Type symbols # .tin[Operations:] product, sum # .tin[Laws:] "it's just a semiring" --- class: center middle section # 3 Exploitation ??? "exploiting algebraic structure" a.k.a "what's the point?" --- class: center middle # Symbols # Operations # Laws --- class: center middle # .tin[Symbols] # .tin[Operations] # Laws ??? Exploitation of our algebraic structure comes from the laws. --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| ||||| ??? We're going to exploit the distributive law. There's some math here. DON'T PANIC. You got this. --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(ℬ, ∧, true)
(ℬ, ∨, false)| | | --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(ℬ, ∧, true)
(ℬ, ∨, false)|!| | --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(ℬ, ∧, true)
(ℬ, ∨, false)|!|!true = false
!(a ∧ b) = !a ∨ !b| --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(ℬ, ∧, true)
(ℬ, ∨, false)|!|!true = false
!(a ∧ b) = !a ∨ !b| |(ℬ, ∨, false)
(ℬ, ∧, true)|!|!false = true
!(a ∨ b) = !a ∧ !b| ??? But the reverse case is also true! These are DeMorgan's laws. --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(ℝ, +, 0)
(ℝ, ⋅, 1)| | | --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(ℝ, +, 0)
(ℝ, ⋅, 1)|e
x
| | --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(ℝ, +, 0)
(ℝ, ⋅, 1)|e
x
|e
0
= 1
e
a + b
= e
a
⋅ e
b
| --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(ℝ, +, 0)
(ℝ, ⋅, 1)|e
x
|e
0
= 1
e
a + b
= e
a
⋅ e
b
e
2a
= e
a
⋅ e
a
| --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(≤, ∘
≤
, ε)
(→, ∘, id)|sort
≤
|sort
ε
= id
sort
a ∘
≤
b
= sort
a
∘ sort
b
| .tin[ ≤ = comparators (`A => Boolean`) ∘
≤
= composition of comparators ε = always true comparator ] --- class: center middle wide smaller-code remark-code |(M, ⊕, 0
M
)
(N, ⊗, 0
N
)|h|h(0
M
) = 0
N
h(a ⊕ b) = h(a) ⊗ h(b)| |---|---|---| |(L, ++, Nil)
(L
s
, ⊙, Nil)|sort|sort(Nil) = Nil
sort(xs ++ ys) =
sort(xs) ⊙ sort(ys)| .tin[ L = lists L
s
= sorted lists ++ = list concatenation ⊙ = "merge" ] --- class: smaller-code ``` trait Functor[F[_]] { def map[A](fa: F[A])(f: A => B): F[B] } ``` -- ``` trait FunctorLaw[F[_]] { def F: Functor[F] def composeLaw[A, B, C]( fa: F[A], f: A => B, g: B => C) = F.map(F.map(fa)(f), g) == F.map(fa)(f andThen g) } ``` --- class: smaller-code ``` trait RDD[A] { def compute(): Iterator[A] // Functor! def map[B](f: A => B): RDD[B] = ??? } ``` --- class: smaller-code ``` trait RDD[A] { def compute(): Iterator[A] // Functor! def map[B](f: A => B): RDD[B] = MappedRdd(this, f) } ``` -- ``` case class MappedRDD[A, B]( parent: RDD[A], f: A => B) extends RDD[B] { def compute(): Iterator[B] = parent.compute map f override def map[C](g: B => C): RDD[C] = copy(f = f andThen g) } ``` --- class: center # Other exploitations -- map-reduce -- database query optimization: predicate push-down, etc. -- conflict-free replicated data types (CRDTs) -- fold-fusion ("Banana-split law") -- graph and dataflow algorithms via closed semirings --- class: center #
(Exploiting) Algebra
-- # Symbols # Operations # Laws --- class: center # .tin[
(Exploiting) Algebra
] # .tin[Symbols] # .tin[Operations] # Laws -- Transform code to the "better" side of an identity Enable code transformation via reification (code → data) --- class: center middle section # 4 Domain Algebras ??? So we've talked about very *mathy* things so far: high-school algebra, laws like associativity and distributivity, etc. But we can apply these ideas, through the structure of an algebra, to our *domains*. Domains are the "business" stuff of our applications, quite often fuzzy, ill-defined, or inconsistent in known (or unknown!) ways. (Much of this section was derived from Debasish Ghosh's talks and book "Functional and Reactive Domain Modeling", which I highly recommend.) --- class: center middle what's a domain --- class: center middle # .lavender[
Domain Algebra
] # Symbols # Operations # Laws --- class: center middle # .lavender[
Domain Algebra
] # .tin[Symbols:] entities # Operations # Laws --- class: center middle # .lavender[
Domain Algebra
] # .tin[Symbols:] entities # .tin[Operations:] behaviors # Laws --- class: center middle # .lavender[
Domain Algebra
] # .tin[Symbols:] entities # .tin[Operations:] behaviors # .tin[Laws:] business rules --- class: center middle .lavender[ .smaller-code[.remark-code[GET /repos/:owner/:repo/git/commits/:sha
POST /repos/:owner/:repo/git/commits]]]
# .tin[Symbols: entities] # .tin[Operations: behaviors] # .tin[Laws: business rules] --- class: center middle .lavender[ .smaller-code[.remark-code[GET /repos/.snow[:owner]/.snow[:repo]/git/commits/.snow[:sha]
POST /repos/.snow[:owner]/.snow[:repo]/git/.snow[commits]]]]
# .tin[Symbols:] .snow[entities] # .tin[Operations: behaviors] # .tin[Laws: business rules] --- class: center middle .lavender[ .smaller-code[.remark-code[.snow[GET] /repos/:owner/:repo/git/.snow[commits]/:sha
.snow[POST] /repos/:owner/:repo/git/.snow[commits]]]]
# .tin[Symbols: entities] # .tin[Operations:] .snow[behaviors] # .tin[Laws: business rules] --- class: center middle .lavender[ .smaller-code[.remark-code[GET /repos/:owner/:repo/git/commits/:sha
POST /repos/:owner/:repo/git/commits]]]
# .tin[Symbols: entities] # .tin[Operations: behaviors] # .tin[Laws:] .snow[business rules ???] --- class: middle smaller-code .center[.lavender[ .smaller-code[.remark-code[GET /repos/:owner/:repo/git/commits/:sha
POST /repos/:owner/:repo/git/commits]]]]
``` trait Github[Owner, Repo, Commit, SHA] { def get: Owner => Repo => SHA => Commit def create: Owner => Repo => Commit => SHA } ``` --- class: middle smaller-code ``` trait Github[Owner, Repo, Commit, SHA] { type Response[A] = Either[Fail, A] sealed trait Fail case class CommitExists( owner: Owner, repo: Repo, sha: SHA) extends Fail def get: Owner => Repo => SHA => Option[Commit] def create: Owner => Repo => Commit => Response[SHA] } ``` --- class: middle smaller-code ``` trait Github[Owner, Repo, Commit, SHA] { type Response[A] = Either[Fail, A] sealed trait Fail case class CommitExists( owner: Owner, repo: Repo, sha: SHA) extends Fail def get(o: Owner, r: Repo, sha: SHA): Option[Commit] def create(o: Owner, r: Repo, c: Commit): Response[SHA] } ``` --- class: middle smaller-code wide ``` trait GithubLaws[Owner, Repo, Commit, SHA] { def api: Github[Owner, Repo, Commit, SHA] def createLaw(o: Owner, r: Repo, c: Commit) = api.create(o, r, c) match { case Right(sha) => sha == c.sha && api.get(o, r, sha).isDefined case Left(CommitExists(fo, fr, sha)) => fo == o && fr == r && api.get(o, r, sha).isDefined } } } ``` --- class: center middle # .lavender[
Domain Algebra
] # Symbols # Operations # Laws --- class: center middle # .lavender[
Domain Algebra
] # .tin[Symbols: ] abstract types # Operations # Laws --- class: center middle wide # .lavender[
Domain Algebra
] # .tin[Symbols: ] abstract types # .tin[Operations: ] (effectful) functions # Laws --- class: center middle wide # .lavender[
Domain Algebra
] # .tin[Symbols: ] abstract types # .tin[Operations: ] (effectful) functions # .tin[Laws: ] property-based tests --- class: center middle section # ⅀ Summary --- class: center #
Algebraic structure
## Symbols, Operations, Laws -- #
Don't repeat yourself / Be lazy
## so much structure is already well-understood and applicable ## build new algebras from other algebras --- class: center wide #
Exploitation
## use the identities from the laws ## use (code ↔ data) transformations to apply identities -- #
Domain algebras
## "messy" business stuff can be algebraic ## abstract with verifiable laws --- class: center, middle, hero .title[ # Thank You! ## Adam Rosien, [@arosien](http://twitter.com/arosien) ### http://underscore.io [![Underscore Logo](img/white-logo.png)](http://underscore.io/) ] --- # References - [Origin of the word 'algebra'](http://www.und.edu/instruct/lgeller/algebra.html) - [The Algebra of Algebraic Data Types](http://chris-taylor.github.io/blog/2013/02/10/the-algebra-of-algebraic-data-types/) by Chris Taylor - [Functional Patterns: Monoid](http://philipnilsson.github.io/Badness10k/posts/2016-07-21-functional-patterns-monoid.html) by Philop Nilsson - [An Algebraic Approach to Functional Domain Modeling](http://www.slideshare.net/debasishg/an-algebraic-approach-to-functional-domain-modeling) by Debasish Ghosh # See also, i.e., explode your brain: - F-algebras - Object algebras - "Finally tagless" encoding - [Fun with Semirings](https://www.cl.cam.ac.uk/~sd601/papers/semirings.pdf) --- class: middle center section # ⊕ Bonus slides --- class: center # b
a -- ``` A => B ``` --- class: center # 1
a
= 1 -- ``` A => Unit ≅ Unit ``` --- class: center # a
1
= a -- ``` Unit => A ≅ A ``` --- class: center # (b ⋅ c)
a
= b
a
⋅ c
a
-- ``` A => (B, C) ≅ (A => B, A => C) ``` --- class: center # c
ab
= (c
a
)
b
-- ```scala (A, B) => C ≅ A => B => C ``` --- class: center # L(a) = 1 + a ⋅ L(a) -- = 1 + a ⋅ (1 + a ⋅ L(a)) -- = 1 + a + a
2
⋅ L(a) -- = 1 + a + a
2
⋅ (1 + a ⋅ L(a)) -- = 1 + a + a
2
+ a
3
⋅ L(a) -- ... = 1 + a + a
2
+ a
3
+ a
4
+ ... --- class: wide smaller-code center # L(a) = 1 + a ⋅ L(a) -- ``` type L[A] = Either[Unit, (A, L[A])] ``` -- ``` sealed trait List[+A] case object Nil extends List[Nothing] case class Cons[A](head: A, tail: List[A]) extends List[A] ```


TarError
public enum TarError: Error
Represents an error, which happened during processing TAR container. It may indicate that either container is damaged or it might not be TAR container at all.
-
Size of data is too small, even to contain only one header.
Declaration
Swift
case tooSmallFileIsPassed
-
Failed to process a field as a number.
Declaration
Swift
case fieldIsNotNumber
-
Computed checksum of a header doesn’t match the value stored in container.
Declaration
Swift
case wrongHeaderChecksum
-
Unsupported version of USTAR format.
Declaration
Swift
case wrongUstarVersion
-
Entry from PAX extended header is in incorrect format.
Declaration
Swift
case wrongPaxHeaderEntry
-
Failed to process a field as an ASCII string.
Declaration
Swift
case notAsciiString


The SOCIETIES Virgo node configurations are as follows:
• Full Container/Combined Node - Includes one domain authority and one user container node
• User Container
• Domain Authority (DA) Container - (at least one DA node is required for each platform deployment)
The default configuration (as of Release 1.0) is a multi-user container configuration of one combined node (Domain Authority + CSS user container) and one CSS user container.
The combined node container uses the default Virgo directories, i.e. VIRGO_HOME/config and VIRGO_HOME/pickup. All additional user containers use a custom directory structure, e.g. VIRGO_HOME/config2 and VIRGO_HOME/pickup2. The platform properties for each container are configured in the respective properties file, e.g. VIRGO_HOME/config/org.societies.platform.properties.
For more information on configuring multiple nodes and container port configurations please read:


-
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What's New
NSFW
Please open a journal or create a new one first
JournalBear 6.0
By Rahul Yedida
JournalBear is a free and open source software. None of your data is collected. If you like the software, consider spreading the word to support it.
Want to get involved? Check out our GitHub repo here!
Search by attachment
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Starting off
You can start off by going to File - New Journal. Specify a password, but remember it! There's no way to recover a lost password.
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You can add new entries by going to Entry - New Entry. Entries are styled by Markdown. If you don't know how it works, it's okay! Regular text is valid Markdown too!
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I've read a ton on online about psychoactives for quite a while now. My main interest has been *safe psychadelics, like lsd, mescaline, and others. But I've read about other drugs as well, simply because I am a curious person and desire knowledge and facts. It feels good to be able to hold a conversation on a variety of topics, including drugs and medicine, with knowledge and facts of the subject.
So anyways, I was reading about various legal OTC medications. Surprisingly, dimenhydrinate was on the list. I'd always considered the stuff more along the lines of asprin and pepto-bismal! Surely no abuse-potential, or whatever you wish to disquise it as. I read most of the general and first time reports, but not many of the bad reports. Looking at the number of submissions in the various fields I don't know why I chose to do this. It's commonly known that with many psychoactives/psychedelics, the users state of mind, strength, and expectations are the most influential factors of whether the user experiences a good or bad trip. I figured the same for dramamine.
Now, I didn't have a horrible trip, and I'm not in therapy or anything. But I wanted to give anyone reading this ONE more reason to not try this drug. IMO it has NO potential for 'fun' or 'enlightenment' in any way whatsoever. The few reports there are that describe dramamine as fun don't really look all that fun to me, and look like they're written by inexperienced 12 year olds who just want to SAY they've had fun on this or that. Now I don't have a lot of drug experience either (other than reading), but I can assure you that this wasn't 'fun', nor had the potential for 'fun'.
I took 300mg, then 300mg an hour or so later. First signs included hyperactivity, I figured it would have been drowsiness, and a fuzzy or jittery feeling. Not good but not bad. Then came the dry mouth. This was definitely bad, but it wasn't that bad. Yet. So eventually I go to my room to play some games on the computer or whatever. By this time this was pretty hard to do, and also I just wasn't very interested in doing it. I was too tired to play. I layed in bed and realized it would be IMPOSSIBLE to go to sleep. Too tired to do anything, but completely unable to go to sleep. Yeah, that's a good feeling. By this time the drymouth had become UNBEARABLE, and I could not go without water for more than 30 seconds. I'd say this was the main reason sleep was impossible.
I layed in bed for a while. I hadn't hallucinated anything, or heard any voices yet. First mental signs on the other hand, were depression. Nothing specific, I was just depressed, and everything around me and everything I looked at seemed dark. It wasn't extreme, giving me thoughts of hurting myself, but it was unpleasant nonetheless. I knew it was from the drug but it really didn't feel like it. I just felt that way, like that's how it was.
So I get up, go take a piss. I realized that I was beginning to have to do this very often. Pissing was possible, but difficult. I figured I'd also be able to look for any other more positive effects better in the light. As far as the rest of my time at my house goes, it was completely uninteresting. I had no hallucinations, not that I wanted any at that point, but I did have some visual distortions. I'd like to point out that these visual distortions were uninteresting an unenjoyable. I can best describe most of them as quantum mechanics on a much larger, visible scale. Points of contrast would 'flicker', and 'twitch', and jump out for just an instant. Some things would be more wave like my arm. I saw what I first thought to be my pulse. My skin would bubble up, and roll, and twitch. It wasn't scary, but again, it was uninteresting and unenjoyable.
I layed down in a different room, that had some low lighting. I looked at a vase of flowers for a while. The leaves would wave, and sometimes twitch unnaturally. While I knew it was fake, visually, it looked completely real and like it was happening. The flowers would also twitch back and forth, and then, they all started blossoming and unblossoming very rapidly, over and over again.
Long story short, not long after, I have someone take me to the ER. ER keeps me for 6 hours or so. They gave me an IV saline drip. I was actually happy to be there because the saline drip got the stuff out of my system much faster, and I knew I wouldn't be able to sleep till it was over. My resting heart rate was 140+, when it's normally 60ish. My blood pressure is normally about 120/80, it was over 160/120. This isn't near-death/damage levels but it shows you that the drug is far from 'completely safe', or physically inactive. If someone had a heart condition, a normal 'psychoactive' dose could possibly be fatal.
Things had a dark tint, not visually, dark as in evil, or depressing, to them for I'd say 2 days afterwards, but not too bad. It wasn't a train-wreck by any means, but it was also absolutely zero fun whatsoever.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Welcome to ResourceMeJS
The objective of this game is to code yourself to glory!
You have inherited a `spaceStation` with one remaining ship close by in a star system your estranged uncle used to mine in.
The old fellow used an ancient programming language called `JavaScript` to control his operation.
Not much is known about how to operate this madness, just a little introduction here.
Can you restore operations of this system?


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Glassmorphism Calculator
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backbone site
`Prev `__
B
`Next `__
--------------
**backbone site**: n.,obs.
Formerly, a key Usenet and email site, one that processes a large amount
of third-party traffic, especially if it is the home site of any of the
regional coordinators for the Usenet maps. Notable backbone sites as of
early 1993, when this sense of the term was beginning to pass out of
general use due to wide availability of cheap Internet connections,
included ``uunet`` and the mail machines at Rutgers University, UC
Berkeley, `*DEC* <../D/DEC.html>`__'s Western Research Laboratories,
Ohio State University, and the University of Texas. Compare `*leaf
site* <../L/leaf-site.html>`__.
[2001 update: This term has passed into history. The UUCP network world
that gave it meaning is gone; everyone is on the Internet now and
network traffic is distributed in very different patterns. Today one
might see references to a “backbone router” instead —ESR]
--------------
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| `Prev `__ | `Up <../B.html>`__ | `Next `__ |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------------+
| backbone cabal | `Home <../index.html>`__ | backgammon |
+-----------------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------------+


{{ *define salesInvoiceDate as $.PostingDate }}
{{ *define postedLines as Filter($.Lines, '$.State >= 0') }}
{{ *define postedEntries as SelectMany(postedLines, '$.Entries') }}
{{ *define receivableEntries as Filter(postedEntries, '$.Account.AccountType.Concept = ''CurrentTradeReceivables''') }}
{{ *define buyerName as receivableEntries#0.Agent.Agent1.Name }}
{{ *define buyerTaxIdentificationNumber as receivableEntries#0.Agent.Agent1.TaxIdentificationNumber }}
{{ *define buyerAddress as receivableEntries#0.Agent.Agent1.ContactAddress }}
{{ *define settlementEntries as Filter(postedEntries, '$.Account.AccountType.Concept = ''CashOnHand'' || $.Account.AccountType.Concept = ''BalancesWithBanks''') }}
{{ *define cashEntries as Filter(settlementEntries, '$.Account.EntryType.Concept <> ''EffectOfExchangeRateChangesOnCashAndCashEquivalents''') }}
{{ sellerName }}
{{ Address }}
Tax ID: {{ sellerTaxIdentificationNumber }}
RECEIPT {{ $.Code}}
{{ Format(salesInvoiceDate, 'dd.MM.yyyy')}}
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Invoice # |
Payment Method |
Check/Ref# |
Amount |
Currency |
{{ *foreach entry in cashEntries }}
{{ *define currency as entry.Currency }}
{{ *define amount as entry.Amount }}
{{ *define paymentMethod as entry.NotedResource }}
{{ *define reference as entry.ExternalReference }}
| {{ paymentMethod.Name }} |
{{ reference }} |
{{ format(amount, 'N2') }} |
{{ currency.Name }} |
{{ *end}}
|
Thank you for your business! |
{{ managerName }}
{{ managerRole }}
{{ sellerName }}
{{ managerEmail }}
|
{{ *end }}


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Do not check if page has already been bookmarked (Stop pinging the Pinboard API; Icon will be grey)
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Wrap selected text on a page with <blockquote> in the Notes field
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Alliance Air flights suspended in Tamil Nadu
An airline spokesperson said the grounding of the fleet was due to unforeseen maintenance-related technical issues
by Murali N. KrishnaswamyFlights by Alliance Air in Tamil Nadu were suspended all of a sudden on Wednesday, November 20, affecting passengers and cargo movement.
The airline, a subsidiary of Air India, operates an all-India network using ATR turboprop aircraft. From its Chennai base, it flies to Coimbatore, Madurai and Tiruchirapalli. These sectors are usually connected with a single aircraft operation across the day.
An airline spokesperson said “the unscheduled grounding of the fleet was due to unforeseen maintenance-related technical issues”. However, the spokesperson added, “this was only a temporary curtailment of the schedule keeping the convenience and safety of passengers in mind”.
An aviation source said operations could be suspended for about 10 days.


| 1 | package fr.sii.ogham.core.retry; | |
| 2 | ||
| 3 | import java.time.Instant; | |
| 4 | ||
| 5 | /** | |
| 6 | * Retry several times with an initial delay to wait after the last execution | |
| 7 | * failure. The following delays are doubled until the maximum attempts is | |
| 8 | * reached. | |
| 9 | * | |
| 10 | * If maximum attempts are set to five, the initial delay is set to 500ms and | |
| 11 | * the action (named "connect" for the example) takes 100ms to execute before | |
| 12 | * failing, it will result in: | |
| 13 | * | |
| 14 | *
 | |
| 15 | *
0: connect
 | |
| 16 | *
100: timeout
 | |
| 17 | *
600: connect
 | |
| 18 | *
700: timeout
 | |
| 19 | *
1700: connect
 | |
| 20 | *
1800: timeout
 | |
| 21 | *
3800: connect
 | |
| 22 | *
3900: timeout
 | |
| 23 | *
7900: connect
 | |
| 24 | *
8000: timeout
 | |
| 25 | *
16000: connect
 | |
| 26 | *
16100: timeout
 | |
| 27 | *
fail
 | |
| 28 | *
 | |
| 29 | * | |
| 30 | * @author Aurélien Baudet | |
| 31 | * | |
| 32 | */ | |
| 33 | public class ExponentialDelayRetry implements RetryStrategy { | |
| 34 | private final int maxRetries; | |
| 35 | private final long initialDelay; | |
| 36 | private int retries; | |
| 37 | private int retried; | |
| 38 | ||
| 39 | /** | |
| 40 | * Initializes with the maximum attempts and the initial delay to wait after | |
| 41 | * a failure. | |
| 42 | * | |
| 43 | * @param maxRetries | |
| 44 | * the maximum attempts | |
| 45 | * @param initialDelay | |
| 46 | * the initial delay that will be doubled for each attempt | |
| 47 | */ | |
| 48 | public ExponentialDelayRetry(int maxRetries, long initialDelay) { | |
| 49 | super(); | |
| 50 | this.maxRetries = maxRetries; | |
| 51 | this.initialDelay = initialDelay; | |
| 52 | retries = maxRetries; | |
| 53 | } | |
| 54 | ||
| 55 | @Override | |
| 56 | public boolean terminated() { | |
| 57 |
3
1. terminated : negated conditional → RUN_ERROR 2. terminated : changed conditional boundary → RUN_ERROR 3. terminated : replaced boolean return with true for fr/sii/ogham/core/retry/ExponentialDelayRetry::terminated → RUN_ERROR |
return retries <= 0; |
| 58 | } | |
| 59 | ||
| 60 | @Override | |
| 61 | public Instant nextDate(Instant executionStartTime, Instant executionFailureTime) { | |
| 62 |
1
1. nextDate : Replaced integer subtraction with addition → RUN_ERROR |
retries--; |
| 63 | long delay = (long) Math.scalb(initialDelay, retried); | |
| 64 |
1
1. nextDate : Replaced integer addition with subtraction → RUN_ERROR |
retried++; |
| 65 |
1
1. nextDate : replaced return value with null for fr/sii/ogham/core/retry/ExponentialDelayRetry::nextDate → RUN_ERROR |
return executionFailureTime.plusMillis(delay); |
| 66 | } | |
| 67 | ||
| 68 | public int getRemainingRetries() { | |
| 69 |
1
1. getRemainingRetries : replaced int return with 0 for fr/sii/ogham/core/retry/ExponentialDelayRetry::getRemainingRetries → RUN_ERROR |
return retries; |
| 70 | } | |
| 71 | ||
| 72 | public int getMaxRetries() { | |
| 73 |
1
1. getMaxRetries : replaced int return with 0 for fr/sii/ogham/core/retry/ExponentialDelayRetry::getMaxRetries → NO_COVERAGE |
return maxRetries; |
| 74 | } | |
| 75 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 57 |
1.1 2.2 3.3 |
|
| 62 |
1.1 |
|
| 64 |
1.1 |
|
| 65 |
1.1 |
|
| 69 |
1.1 |
|
| 73 |
1.1 |


Fate has given you, a game player, to avoid countless and terrifying knives falling from the sky. There is no way to escape from this -- survive as long as you can!
There's only two keys you should remember: left arrow key and right arrow key.
If you think it is quite easy enough to live long, press "1" and "3". Let's see whether things are still the same! On the other hand, if you keep dying so much that you be frustrated badly and can't move forward, press "2"and "4". Hope things could be much easier.


--- layout: post title: Waterfalls at Ricketts Glen State Park, PA comments: true share: true category: personal images: - preview: https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5659/22162066121_8d815f4c14_s.jpg feature: https://farm6.staticflickr.com/5659/22162066121_5b270ebe50_h.jpg - preview: https://farm1.staticflickr.com/760/22151861705_394fc5024d_s.jpg feature: https://farm1.staticflickr.com/760/22151861705_b43d9e1f33_h.jpg - preview: https://farm1.staticflickr.com/743/21964026148_2dccc2074b_s.jpg feature: https://farm1.staticflickr.com/743/21964026148_140624f632_h.jpg song: https://embed.spotify.com/?uri=spotify%3Atrack%3A3RiQYb62kdgnLEcfN6sEmO excerpt:
For my 36th birthday, I decided I wanted to see some waterfalls. Steph and I did some research and learned about Ricketts Glen State Park.
---For my 36th birthday, I decided I wanted to see some waterfalls. Steph and I did some research and learned about Ricketts Glen State Park - only a few hours from our home in Philadelphia. So we decided to check it out.
There is a 7 mile trail that goes past 22 waterfalls. The trail is well marked and clear of obstacles. For the most part, it's an easy trail but there are some steep parts as you ascend some of the higher falls. Being a loop, as you can imagine, you will spend half the trail descending and the other half ascending.
This was the first time I ever went on a "hike". I don't want to get into too much detail about that because I have another post planned about my new interest in hiking.
The highest fall is 94 feet tall and it's impressive. We ate lunch at the bottom of this one. However, I found a lot of the smaller waterfalls to be intriguing as well. Something about the way they cascade haphazardly.
The trail itself has a few other cool landscapes as well. There is a rock bridge and a few small cliffs and mossy crags. The trail, at least when we were there, was well traveled. There were a few moments during our walk where we were 'by ourselves', but for the most part, we could see other folks.
I chose Délivrance by Alcest as the soundtrack for this walk. I think the way that the song builds slowly and ends powerfully matches the enthusiasm that grew in me as I took this hike. In the beginning, I just wanted to see some waterfalls. The longer I spent under the tree cover on that trail, the more I felt that this is something I wanted to do a lot more of.


| Categories: containers, adaptors | Component type: type |
Priority_queue is a container adaptor, meaning that it is implemented on top of some underlying container type. By default that underlying type is vector, but a different type may be selected explicitly.
int main() { priority_queue<int> Q; Q.push(1); Q.push(4); Q.push(2); Q.push(8); Q.push(5); Q.push(7); assert(Q.size() == 6); assert(Q.top() == 8); Q.pop(); assert(Q.top() == 7); Q.pop(); assert(Q.top() == 5); Q.pop(); assert(Q.top() == 4); Q.pop(); assert(Q.top() == 2); Q.pop(); assert(Q.top() == 1); Q.pop(); assert(Q.empty()); }
| Parameter | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
| T | The type of object stored in the priority queue. | |
| Sequence | The type of the underlying container used to implement the priority queue. | vector<T> |
| Compare | The comparison function used to determine whether one element is smaller than another element. If Compare(x,y) is true, then x is smaller than y. The element returned by Q.top() is the largest element in the priority queue. That is, it has the property that, for every other element x in the priority queue, Compare(Q.top(), x) is false. | less<T> |
| Member | Where defined | Description |
|---|---|---|
| value_type | priority_queue | See below. |
| size_type | priority_queue | See below. |
| priority_queue() | Default Constructible | The default constructor. Creates an empty priority_queue, using Compare() as the comparison function. |
| priority_queue(const priority_queue&) | Assignable | The copy constructor. |
| priority_queue(const Compare&) | priority_queue | See below. |
priority_queue(const value_type*, const value_type*) |
priority_queue | See below. |
priority_queue(const value_type*, const value_type*, const Compare&) |
priority_queue | See below. |
priority_queue& operator=(const priority_queue&) |
Assignable | The assignment operator. |
| bool empty() const | priority_queue | See below. |
| size_type size() const | priority_queue | See below. |
| const value_type& top() const | priority_queue | See below. |
| void push(const value_type&) | priority_queue | See below. |
| void pop() [3] | priority_queue | See below. |
| Member | Description |
|---|---|
| value_type | The type of object stored in the priority_queue. This is the same as T and Sequence::value_type. |
| size_type | An unsigned integral type. This is the same as Sequence::size_type. |
| priority_queue(const Compare& comp) | The constructor. Creates an empty priority_queue, using comp as the comparison function. The default constructor uses Compare() as the comparison function. |
priority_queue(const value_type* first, const value_type* last) |
The constructor. Creates a priority_queue initialized to contain the elements in the range [first, last), and using Compare() as the comparison function. |
priority_queue(const value_type* first, const value_type* last, const Compare& comp) |
The constructor. Creates a priority_queue initialized to contain the elements in the range [first, last), and using comp as the comparison function. |
| bool empty() const | Returns true if the priority_queue contains no elements, and false otherwise. S.empty() is equivalent to S.size() == 0. |
| size_type size() const | Returns the number of elements contained in the priority_queue. |
| const value_type& top() const | Returns a const reference to the element at the top of the priority_queue. The element at the top is guaranteed to be the largest element in the priority queue, as determined by the comparison function Compare. That is, for every other element x in the priority_queue, Compare(Q.top(), x) is false. Precondition: empty() is false. |
| void push(const value_type& x) | Inserts x into the priority_queue. Postcondition: size() will be incremented by 1. |
| void pop() | Removes the element at the top of the priority_queue, that is, the largest element in the priority_queue. [3] Precondition: empty() is false. Postcondition: size() will be decremented by 1. |
[1] Priority queues are a standard concept, and can be implemented in many different ways; this implementation uses heaps. Priority queues are discussed in all algorithm books; see, for example, section 5.2.3 of Knuth. (D. E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming. Volume 3: Sorting and Searching. Addison-Wesley, 1975.)
[2] This restriction is the only reason for priority_queue to exist at all. If iteration through elements is important, you can either use a vector that is maintained in sorted order, or a set, or a vector that is maintained as a heap using make_heap, push_heap, and pop_heap. Priority_queue is, in fact, implemented as a random access container that is maintained as a heap. The only reason to use the container adaptor priority_queue, instead of performing the heap operations manually, is to make it clear that you are never performing any operations that might violate the heap invariant.
[3] One might wonder why pop() returns void, instead of value_type. That is, why must one use top() and pop() to examine and remove the element at the top of the priority_queue, instead of combining the two in a single member function? In fact, there is a good reason for this design. If pop() returned the top element, it would have to return by value rather than by reference: return by reference would create a dangling pointer. Return by value, however, is inefficient: it involves at least one redundant copy constructor call. Since it is impossible for pop() to return a value in such a way as to be both efficient and correct, it is more sensible for it to return no value at all and to require clients to use top() to inspect the value at the top of the priority_queue.


Welcome to the Slicing Pie Manager. To report your own contributions, navigate to the Manage Contributions page. Need to add someone else? Ask a chair to invite them.
Total Slices Allocated: {{ total_slices }}
Filtered Total Slices Allocated: {{ filtered_total_slices }}


Domain name change from .CA to .ORG to indicate the nature of this project
reworked type systems to support rank 0 data sets, a prequel for full STL integration
Near bare hardware throughput with optimized CAPI calls
append operations can take arbitrary objects
attributes via h5::awrite and a h5::read calls


Video: Any man who services a woman in bed for over 30 minutes is a mad person – Nigerian pastor
by Adu SarpeahLadies of today dully consider the number of minutes a guy lasts in bed before agreeing to marry them in the long run. To these ladies, marrying a guy who can’t last long in bed during intercourse can’t be classified a marriage material and also not worth dying for.
This perception is relatively weird; however, you can’t blame them either taking into consideration the benefits of intercourse in relationships. But in the rightful thinking of as Pastor Oladele Ogundipe, any man who services a woman in bed for over 30 minutes is a mad person
Pastor Oladele Ogundipe during his sermon in church asserted that a meaningful s-x between a couple should not be more than five minutes and that any man who wants to stay on a woman for over 30 minutes is a mad man.
His assertion in the viral video has garnered several reactions. It could be recalled that renowned Ghanaian Cleric Bishop Obinim made a similar assertion concerning duration s-x should last.
In one of his sermons, he indicated that s-x shouldn’t exceed 15 minutes and that s-x mostly last for 10 minutes.
Watch Video:


Find this object!
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I have feathers and when I'm feeling good and happy, I make a sound kinda like this: ge gege gegege
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Developing novel wellbore heat transfer strategies for HPHT wells.
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Structural Geology and Tectonics.
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File definitions.h¶
↰ Parent directory (src/common
)
Contents
Definition (src/common/definitions.h
)¶
Includes¶
common/intrusive_ptr.h
(File intrusive_ptr.h)common/logging.h
(File logging.h)common/shape.h
(File shape.h)functional
(File approx.h)iostream
memory
(File memory_piece.h)string
vector
(File vector_collector.cpp)


The AccountCurrencyImmediateSettlementModel
applies cash settlement immediately and automatically converts the settlement cash into the account currency.
security.SettlementModel = new AccountCurrencyImmediateSettlementModel();
security.SettlementModel = AccountCurrencyImmediateSettlementModel()
To view the implementation of this model, see the LEAN GitHub repository.


Stormers star's career hanging in the balance
Herman Mostert - Sport24
Cape Town - Stormers hooker Ramone Samuels' career is hanging in the balance due to a troublesome ankle.
This was revealed by Stormers coach John Dobson during a media briefing at the team's High Performance Centre in Bellville on Monday.
Dobson said he expected to have a fully fit squad available for the start of the 2020 Super Rugby competition, with the exception of Samuels.
The 25-year-old has not played rugby since suffering an ankle injury in a friendly match against French club Montpellier in August 2018.
"The guy that we have grave concerns about is Ramone. I think he's potentially got a career-threatening injury. It's very sad. He's got a nerve that's not regenerating in his ankle. The break was so bad... a call (on Samuels' future) is going to be made in February."
Samuels, who is the brother of Stormers utility back Damian Willemse, has been on the Cape franchise's books since 2017.
Samuels was schooled at Paul Roos in Stellenbosch and after playing for the Western Province under-19 team after school, he moved to Johannesburg where he spent time at the Lions.


--- layout: page title: 'Social Services' ---
phone:<PHONE_NUMBER>
fax:<PHONE_NUMBER>
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Hours: 8:30 – 4:30
Department Head: Genevieve Kacmarcik, MSW, MBA
Please call to make an appointment.
This department provides the N.J. State WorkFirst NJ General Assistance Program to assist Rutherford residents over 18 years of age who have no income and very limited resources.
This office also manages an active Social Services Program offering referrals to State, County, and Local agencies to meet the needs of residents who are struggling due to illness and hardship.
Services are provided without regard to race, color, sex, religious creed, marital or birth status, national origin or political beliefs.


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SPUUpdater
Objective-C
@interface SPUUpdater : NSObject
Swift
class SPUUpdater : NSObject
The main API in Sparkle for controlling the update mechanism.
This class is used to configure the update parameters as well as manually and automatically schedule and control checks for updates.
For convenience, you can create a standard or nib instantiable updater by using SPUStandardUpdaterController
.
Prefer to set initial properties in your bundle’s Info.plist as described in Customizing Sparkle.
Otherwise only if you need dynamic behavior for user settings should you set properties on the updater such as:
automaticallyChecksForUpdates
updateCheckInterval
automaticallyDownloadsUpdates
feedURL
Please view the documentation on each of these properties for more detail if you are to configure them dynamically.
-
Initializes a new
SPUUpdater
instanceThis creates an updater, but to start it and schedule update checks
-startUpdater:
needs to be invoked first.Related: See
SPUStandardUpdaterController
which wraps aSPUUpdater
instance and is suitable for instantiating inside of nib files.Declaration
Objective-C
- (nonnull instancetype)initWithHostBundle:(nonnull NSBundle *)hostBundle applicationBundle:(nonnull NSBundle *)applicationBundle userDriver:(nonnull id<SPUUserDriver>)userDriver delegate: (nullable id<SPUUpdaterDelegate>)delegate;
Parameters
hostBundle
The bundle that should be targetted for updating.
applicationBundle
The application bundle that should be waited for termination and relaunched (unless overridden). Usually this can be the same as hostBundle. This may differ when updating a plug-in or other non-application bundle.
userDriver
The user driver that Sparkle uses for user update interaction.
delegate
The delegate for
SPUUpdater
. -
Unavailable
Use
-initWithHostBundle:applicationBundle:userDriver:delegate:
orSPUStandardUpdaterController
standard adapter instead.If you want to drop an updater into a nib, use
SPUStandardUpdaterController
.Declaration
Objective-C
- (nonnull instancetype)init;
-
Starts the updater.
This method first checks if Sparkle is configured properly. A valid feed URL should be set before this method is invoked.
If the configuration is valid, an update cycle is started in the next main runloop cycle. During this cycle, a permission prompt may be brought up (if needed) for checking if the user wants automatic update checking. Otherwise if automatic update checks are enabled, a scheduled update alert may be brought up if enough time has elapsed since the last check. See
automaticallyChecksForUpdates
for more information.After starting the updater and before the next runloop cycle, one of
-checkForUpdates
,-checkForUpdatesInBackground
, or-checkForUpdateInformation
can be invoked. This may be useful if you want to check for updates immediately or without showing a potential permission prompt.If the updater cannot be started (i.e, due to a configuration issue in the application), you may want to fall back appropriately. For example, the standard updater controller (
SPUStandardUpdaterController
) alerts the user that the app is misconfigured and to contact the developer.This must be called on the main thread.
Declaration
Objective-C
- (BOOL)startUpdater:(NSError *_Nullable *_Nullable)error;
Swift
func start() throws
Parameters
error
The error that is populated if this method fails. Pass NULL if not interested in the error information.
Return Value
YES if the updater started otherwise NO with a populated error
-
Checks for updates, and displays progress while doing so if needed.
This is meant for users initiating a new update check or checking the current update progress.
If an update hasn’t started, the user may be shown that a new check for updates is occurring. If an update has already been downloaded or begun installing from a previous session, the user may be presented to install that update. If the user is already being presented with an update, that update will be shown to the user in active focus.
This will find updates that the user has previously opted into skipping.
See
canCheckForUpdates
property which can determine when this method may be invoked.Declaration
Objective-C
- (void)checkForUpdates;
Swift
func checkForUpdates()
-
Checks for updates, but does not show any UI unless an update is found.
You usually do not need to call this method directly. If
automaticallyChecksForUpdates
isYES,
Sparkle calls this method automatically according to its update schedule using theupdateCheckInterval
and thelastUpdateCheckDate
. Therefore, you should typically only consider calling this method directly if you opt out of automatic update checks. Calling this method when updating your own bundle is invalid if Sparkle is configured to ask the user’s permission to check for updates automatically andautomaticallyChecksForUpdates
isNO
. If you want to reset the updater’s cycle after an updater setting change, seeresetUpdateCycle
orresetUpdateCycleAfterShortDelay
instead.This is meant for programmatically initating a check for updates in the background without the user initiating it. This check will not show UI if no new updates are found.
If a new update is found, the updater’s user driver may handle showing it at an appropriate (but not necessarily immediate) time. If you want control over when and how a new update is shown, please see https://sparkle-project.org/documentation/gentle-reminders/
Note if automated downloading/installing is turned on, either a new update may be downloaded in the background to be installed silently, or an already downloaded update may be shown.
This will not find updates that the user has opted into skipping.
This method does not do anything if there is a
sessionInProgress
.Declaration
Objective-C
- (void)checkForUpdatesInBackground;
Swift
func checkForUpdatesInBackground()
-
Begins a “probing” check for updates which will not actually offer to update to that version.
However, the delegate methods
-[SPUUpdaterDelegate updater:didFindValidUpdate:]
and-[SPUUpdaterDelegate updaterDidNotFindUpdate:]
will be called, so you can use that information in your UI.-[SPUUpdaterDelegate updater:didFinishUpdateCycleForUpdateCheck:error:]
will be called when this probing check is completed.Updates that have been skipped by the user will not be found.
This method does not do anything if there is a
sessionInProgress
.Declaration
Objective-C
- (void)checkForUpdateInformation;
Swift
func checkForUpdateInformation()
-
A property indicating whether or not updates can be checked by the user.
An update check can be made by the user when an update session isn’t in progress, or when an update or its progress is being shown to the user. A user cannot check for updates when data (such as the feed or an update) is still being downloaded automatically in the background.
This property is suitable to use for menu item validation for seeing if
-checkForUpdates
can be invoked.This property is also KVO-compliant.
Note this property does not reflect whether or not an update session is in progress. Please see
sessionInProgress
property instead.Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic, readonly) BOOL canCheckForUpdates;
Swift
var canCheckForUpdates: Bool { get }
-
A property indicating whether or not an update session is in progress.
An update session is in progress when the appcast is being downloaded, an update is being downloaded, an update is being shown, update permission is being requested, or the installer is being started.
An active session is when Sparkle’s fired scheduler is running.
Note an update session may not be running even though Sparkle’s installer (ran as a separate process) may be running, or even though the update has been downloaded but the installation has been deferred. In both of these cases, a new update session may be activated with the update resumed at a later point (automatically or manually).
See also:
canCheckForUpdates
property which is more suited for menu item validation and deciding if the user can initiate update checks.-[SPUUpdaterDelegate updater:didFinishUpdateCycleForUpdateCheck:error:]
which lets the updater delegate know when an update cycle and session finishes.
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic, readonly) BOOL sessionInProgress;
Swift
var sessionInProgress: Bool { get }
-
A property indicating whether or not to check for updates automatically.
By default, Sparkle asks users on second launch for permission if they want automatic update checks enabled and sets this property based on their response. If
SUEnableAutomaticChecks
is set in the Info.plist, this permission request is not performed however.Setting this property will persist in the host bundle’s user defaults. Hence developers shouldn’t maintain an additional user default for this property. Only set this property if the user wants to change the default via a user settings option. Do not always set it on launch unless you want to ignore the user’s preference. For testing environments, you can disable update checks by passing
-SUEnableAutomaticChecks NO
to your app’s command line arguments instead of setting this property.The update schedule cycle will be reset in a short delay after the property’s new value is set. This is to allow reverting this property without kicking off a schedule change immediately
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic) BOOL automaticallyChecksForUpdates;
Swift
var automaticallyChecksForUpdates: Bool { get set }
-
A property indicating the current automatic update check interval in seconds.
Prefer to set SUScheduledCheckInterval directly in your Info.plist for setting the initial value.
Setting this property will persist in the host bundle’s user defaults. Hence developers shouldn’t maintain an additional user default for this property. Only set this property if the user wants to change the default via a user settings option. Do not always set it on launch unless you want to ignore the user’s preference.
The update schedule cycle will be reset in a short delay after the property’s new value is set. This is to allow reverting this property without kicking off a schedule change immediately
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic) NSTimeInterval updateCheckInterval;
Swift
var updateCheckInterval: TimeInterval { get set }
-
A property indicating whether or not updates can be automatically downloaded in the background.
By default, updates are not automatically downloaded.
By default starting from Sparkle 2.4, users are provided an option to opt in to automatically downloading and installing updates when they are asked if they want automatic update checks enabled. The default value for this option is based on what the developer sets
SUAutomaticallyUpdate
in their Info.plist. This is not done ifSUEnableAutomaticChecks
is set in the Info.plist however. Please checkautomaticallyChecksForUpdates
property for more details.Note that the developer can disallow automatic downloading of updates from being enabled (via
SUAllowsAutomaticUpdates
Info.plist key). In this case, this property will return NO regardless of how this property is set.Prefer to set
SUAutomaticallyUpdate
directly in your Info.plist for setting the initial value.Setting this property will persist in the host bundle’s user defaults. Hence developers shouldn’t maintain an additional user default for this property. Only set this property if the user wants to change the default via a user settings option. Do not always set it on launch unless you want to ignore the user’s preference.
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic) BOOL automaticallyDownloadsUpdates;
Swift
var automaticallyDownloadsUpdates: Bool { get set }
-
The URL of the appcast used to download update information.
If the updater’s delegate implements
-[SPUUpdaterDelegate feedURLStringForUpdater:]
, this will return that feed URL. Otherwise if the feed URL has been set before using-[SPUUpdater setFeedURL:]
, the feed URL returned will be retrieved from the host bundle’s user defaults. Otherwise the feed URL in the host bundle’s Info.plist will be returned. If no feed URL can be retrieved, returns nil.For setting a primary feed URL, please set the
SUFeedURL
property in your Info.plist. For setting an alternative feed URL, please prefer-[SPUUpdaterDelegate feedURLStringForUpdater:]
over-setFeedURL:
. Please see the documentation for-setFeedURL:
for migrating away from that API.This property must be called on the main thread; calls from background threads will return nil.
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic, readonly, nullable) NSURL *feedURL;
Swift
var feedURL: URL? { get }
-
Clears any feed URL from the host bundle’s user defaults that was set via
-setFeedURL:
You should call this method if you have used
-setFeedURL:
in the past and want to stop using that API. Otherwise for compatibility Sparkle will prefer to use the feed URL that was set in the user defaults over the one that was specified in the host bundle’s Info.plist, which is often undesirable (except for testing purposes).If a feed URL is found stored in the host bundle’s user defaults (from calling
-setFeedURL:
) before it gets cleared, then that previously set URL is returned from this method.This method should be called as soon as possible, after your application finished launching or right after the updater has been started if you manually manage starting the updater.
Updaters that update other developer’s bundles should not call this method.
This method must be called on the main thread.
Declaration
Objective-C
- (nullable NSURL *)clearFeedURLFromUserDefaults;
Swift
func clearFeedURLFromUserDefaults() -> URL?
Return Value
A previously set feed URL in the host bundle’s user defaults, if available, otherwise this returns
nil
-
The host bundle that is being updated.
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic, readonly) NSBundle *_Nonnull hostBundle;
Swift
var hostBundle: Bundle { get }
-
The user agent used when checking for updates.
By default the user agent string returned is in the format:
$(BundleDisplayName)/$(BundleDisplayVersion) Sparkle/$(SparkleDisplayVersion)
BundleDisplayVersion is derived from the main application’s Info.plist’s CFBundleShortVersionString.
Note if Sparkle is being used to update another application, the bundle information retrieved is from the main application performing the updating.
This default implementation can be overrided.
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic, copy) NSString *_Nonnull userAgentString;
Swift
var userAgentString: String { get set }
-
The HTTP headers used when checking for updates, downloading release notes, and downloading updates.
The keys of this dictionary are HTTP header fields and values are corresponding values.
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic, copy, nullable) NSDictionary<NSString *, NSString *> *httpHeaders;
Swift
var httpHeaders: [String : String]? { get set }
-
A property indicating whether or not the user’s system profile information is sent when checking for updates.
Setting this property will persist in the host bundle’s user defaults.
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic) BOOL sendsSystemProfile;
Swift
var sendsSystemProfile: Bool { get set }
-
The date of the last update check or nil if no check has been performed yet.
For testing purposes, the last update check is stored in the
SULastCheckTime
key in the host bundle’s user defaults. For example,defaults delete my-bundle-id SULastCheckTime
can be invoked to clear the last update check time and test if update checks are automatically scheduled.Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly, nullable) NSDate *lastUpdateCheckDate;
Swift
var lastUpdateCheckDate: Date? { get }
-
Appropriately re-schedules the update checking timer according to the current updater settings.
This method should only be called in response to a user changing updater settings. This method may trigger a new update check to occur in the background if an updater setting such as the updater’s feed or allowed channels has changed.
If the
updateCheckInterval
orautomaticallyChecksForUpdates
properties are changed, this method is automatically invoked after a short delay using-resetUpdateCycleAfterShortDelay
. In these cases, manually resetting the update cycle is not necessary.See also
-resetUpdateCycleAfterShortDelay
which gives the user a short delay before triggering a cycle reset.Declaration
Objective-C
- (void)resetUpdateCycle;
Swift
func resetUpdateCycle()
-
Appropriately re-schedules the update checking timer according to the current updater settings after a short cancellable delay.
This method calls
resetUpdateCycle
after a short delay to give the user a short amount of time to cancel changing an updater setting. If this method is called again, any previous reset request that is still inflight will be cancelled.For example, if the user changes the
automaticallyChecksForUpdates
setting toYES
, but quickly undoes their change then no cycle reset will be done.If the
updateCheckInterval
orautomaticallyChecksForUpdates
properties are changed, this method is automatically invoked. In these cases, manually resetting the update cycle is not necessary.Declaration
Objective-C
- (void)resetUpdateCycleAfterShortDelay;
Swift
func resetUpdateCycleAfterShortDelay()
-
The system profile information that is sent when checking for updates.
Declaration
Objective-C
@property (nonatomic, copy, readonly) NSArray<NSDictionary<NSString *, NSString *> *> *_Nonnull systemProfileArray;
Swift
var systemProfileArray: [[String : String]] { get }


| DOSE: T+ 0:00 |
1 hit |
oral |
LSD |
(blotter / tab) |
| T+ 0:45 |
1 hit |
oral |
LSD |
(blotter / tab) |
This was my second time experimenting with acid and also most intense. I bought two blotter hits from a friend at band practice. it was a very thick deeply blue colored paper. I dosed 1 hit and had band practice which was the most amazing thing ever. it increased my musical ability 10 fold! After that, everything went down hill.
It was winter and it was night time. We were driving to a friends apartment very close by but only made it down the street before crashing into a ditch. Typical. Since that happened, I kept asking myself and one other person I was walking with if we had crashed and died.  When we got to the apartment, 4 other people were there we knew. and everyone was on acid at this point.
I dosed my second hit 45 minutes after the first, which was a big mistake. I underestimated the strength of my dose. Thinking I was dead this whole time, I now thought I could do anything I wanted without consequence.  I had extreme personality dettachment and ego dissolution.
I preceded to trash my friend Dans apartment for no reason. I was dumping full ashtrays onto the floor, throwing videos at the door, knocking over tables and trying to break a window with a chair. He gave me a warning to leave but I could not communicate with anyone. I was totally disconnected from reality. He then punched me in the face and I flew backwards a number of feet slamming into a door. Although I did not feel one ounce of pain!
I scrambled to my feet and ran outside and away as fast as I could. I then started breaking windows of random houses and running away into a main road with heavy traffic nearly getting demolished by speeding cars. My insanity was inconceivable. I thought I was in my natural element and was free. But in reality I had pissed my self and removed every article of clothing I had on, including my shoes, and was running down the street naked.
The cops surely came and slowly rolled along side me talking to me. They asked me if I had taken any drugs and I told them I took LSD and thought nothing of it. I tried to run away but they tackled me and brought me to the police station. I also spit in the police officers face inside the squad car after him asking me a reasonable question. Being in police custody was physically painful. All I could think about was losing my sanity for the rest of my life and be institutionalized. After being processed at 4:30 in the morning, a cop took me home. I regained my sanity but was having extreme visuals on the way home.
My little adventure had made the newspaper and everything. Days and weeks afterward I was depressed and extremely embarassed for what I had done. Try explaining that to your girlfriend who is the sister of the girl I tried to hook up with!!!  Still paying off lawyer debts.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


{% for result in results %}
{{result.score | round(2)}}
{% endfor %}
It takes {{execution_time}} seconds to execute {{amount}} images
Web server designed and implemented by
Fran Cedron
(2021)


Online Eval Tool
Server Url:
Single Query
Query
Language
Expectation #1
Expectation #2
Expectation #3
Expectation #4
Expectation #5
Evaluate
Eval Result
Searh Quality
Rank
Bulk Eval
Bulk Eval
Search Quality
SQ_SERVER_ERROR = 0 SQ_NO_EXPECTATION = 1 SQ_UNKNOWN = 2 SQ_REGULAR = 3 SQ_GOOD = 4
Bulk Eval Results
Flat Report
Results
Losses
Run SxS
Diffs limit:
Language:
Hebrew
Russian
English
Exp server url:
Base server url:
SxS


Most developers use special software called IDEs to write code. Visual Studio 2019 is the IDE for writing .NET code. .NET is a platform which has 3 languages: C#, F# and VB. But this is software, so you have to install it. Use the table below:
| OS | Link | Workloads | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Windows | Download | .NET Desktop Development | |
| Mac OS X | Later I will teach .NET Core | ||
| Linux | Later, I will teach .NET SDK |


There are few things in life more precious to me than the company I’ve chosen to keep, but I’ve never done a great job of showing it. Relationships that once shaped my life in some meaningful way have fallen by the wayside, and friendships that spanned years and defining moments have faded into the nostalgic corners of yesteryear. This is my humble attempt to rectify that.
What This Is
You’re here because life has connected us in some way. This is a promise to pen a personal and thoughtful letter every month, delivered to your email inbox, for those who are dear to me and also for anyone interested in getting to know me better as a person and friend. Every letter is an open invitation to start a conversation, to catch up as friends old & new, and to learn more about each other beyond the superficial.
Why This Way
I chose email as the medium because it’s a great compromise. Mailing physical letters every month, though endearingly personal, isn’t a scalable endeavor; at the other end of the spectrum, using Facebook for convenience would require working within its container, which is just the worst. Email allows me to paint on my own canvas, to cut through the noise far away from the prying agenda of gatekeepers. Plus, everyone has an email address.
Letters are scheduled monthly because it feels just right. Too frequently, and I risk tipping familiarity into annoyance. Too seldom, and I lose the goodwill that comes with consistency. I also believe that our days are best lived without the minutiae that plague social platforms on the web. A monthly update should suffice.
I won’t deny that this is a selfish project, because it is. It’s my selfish way of ensuring that no person who has touched my life leaves it without an opportunity to get to know me a little better. It’s a selfish token of gratitude for everyone who has made life a little more colorful and a whole lot worth living. That said, I hope I’m being selfish for the right reasons.
With all my heart,
Jonathan
Hi Jonathan,
I would like to subscribe to Letters from Jonathan. If I’m no longer interested in receiving them, I understand that I’m free to unsubscribe at any time using the link provided at the bottom of every letter, and that I should not mark them as spam and ruin their delivery for everyone else.
(That would be like being the Death Eater responsible for killing Hedwig. Don’t be that guy.  We miss you, Dobby.)


This quote is by the Nobel Prize winning poet Maya Angelou. She fought for civil rights and was an incredibly inspiring person. I have always labored under the belief that the things that make us as individuals different make us as a human race stronger and this quote epitomizes that feeling.
DaVinci Einstein Angelou


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The nursing assessment includes gathering information concerning the patient's individual
physiological, psychological,
sociological, and spiritual needs. ...
The assessment identifies current and future care needs of the patient by
allowing the formation of a nursing diagnosis.


Tiverton Film Club screen award winning Lebanese movie Capernaum
The show follows on from the Autumn programme
by Lewis ClarkeAn award-winning Lebanese movie is the next to feature at the Tiverton Film Club.
The show follows on from the Autumn programme’s Danish thriller, The Guilty in September and French drama The House by the Sea in October.
The next meeting is on Wednesday, November 20, where they will be showing Capernaum. The film won the Cannes Grand Jury Prize in 2018.
It is the story of a clever and gutsy 12-year-old boy surviving on his wits in the slums of Beirut.
Ian Harkness from the club said: “The passion and compassion of the story illustrate what poverty and deprivation - and love - means in this troubled part of the world.
“In summary, it is a tough and funny tale of a little boy lost in an unjust world. It is a very relevant film about a very crowded part of the Middle East, and the young star gives a wonderful performance.
“As ever, the film starts at 7:00 pm in the Petroc Theatre. Doors open 6:30 pm and guests are welcome at £5 a head. Our next film will be ‘Faces Places’ a French road movie on December 11.”


A fast-forward button for evolution:
Building a designer yeast that scrambles its genome on demand
Daniel Schraivogel
/
@SchraivogelS
Aaron Brooks
/
@scalefreegan
SCRaMbLE
Synthetic Chromosome Recombination and Modification by LoxP-mediated Evolution


% var baseDir = '/home'; %> <% var cacheBuster = '.v1.0.2'; %>
Welcome to Jackie and Levi's website!
Welcome to Jackie and Levi's website!
Visit Jackie's page
Visit our wedding page
Visit Levi's page
Check out Levi's new web app!


This guide contains real working examples, code snippets, documentation, and style guidelines.
Start by adding the following files to your page:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="assets/toolkit/styles/toolkit.css">

Creating a new material consists of creating a new ~/src/views/*.html file and a ~/src/materials/ directory with your new material .html file in it.
For instance, say you want to create a new atom called 'My Atom':
---
fabricator: true
title: "My Atom"
---

\{{title}}

\{{#each materials.my-atom.items}}
\{{> f-item this}}
\{{/each}}
---
{
"atomic": "atom",
"dna": "my-atom"
}
---

The Atom Structure

That seems like a lot of work, so for laziness sake; there is a built in Gulp tasks to create new materials:
gulp create:material --type "atom" --name "My Atom"


Hello and welcome to my page! My name is Brittany Arambulo and this is the site that i created with inspiration from all my adventures! I've created a bucket list of all the pulsifying, adrenaline rush adventures i care to seek. Just last year in 2017 i decided my new year resolution would be to create a list no matter how long or short, of all the things i wanted to do out of my comfort zone and to enjoy what life truly brings to us that most people aren't able to take the time to enjoy it to the fullest. I have many adventures left to explore and many goals to fulfill as of yet but as i check off each adventure off my list, i grow more connected to my inner daredevil self and let me tell you, it is most gratifying. I encourage everyone to make a list, search for your happiness and enjoy what good life itself can bring to the soul. So please feel free to check out my site and maybe you will find some common interests that maybe you would dare to try! Thanks for visiting my page and good luck on your uplifting journey yet ahead!


Smack Overview
Smack is a library for communicating with XMPP servers to perform real-time communications, including instant messaging and group chat.
Smack Key Advantages
XMPPConnection connection = new XMPPTCPConnection("xmpp.org");
connection.connect();
connection.login("mtucker", "password");
Chat chat =<EMAIL_ADDRESS>new MessageListener() {
public void processMessage(Chat chat, Message message) {
System.out.println("Received message: " + message);
}
});
chat.sendMessage("Howdy!");
Chat
and Roster
classes, which let you program more efficiently.About XMPP
XMPP (eXtensible Messaging and Presence Protocol) is an open protocol standardized by the IETF and supported and extended by the XMPP Standards Foundation ((http://www.xmpp.org).
How To Use This Documentation
This documentation assumes that you're already familiar with the main features of XMPP instant messaging. It's also highly recommended that you open the Javadoc API guide and use that as a reference while reading through this documentation.
Copyright (C) Jive Software 2002-2008


You will be receiving an email shortly with the pilot's confimation for your booking.
Thanks for choosing Skyser !


Introduction to React for Complete Beginners
Introduction to React for Complete Beginners
All of the code examples below will be included a second time at the bottom of this article as an embedded gist, so that it is properly syntax highlighted.
React uses a syntax extension of JavaScript called JSX that allows you to write HTML directly within JavaScript.
React
React uses a syntax extension of JavaScript called JSX that allows you to write HTML directly within JavaScript
because JSX is a syntactic extension of JavaScript, you can actually write JavaScript directly within JSX
include the code you want to be treated as JavaScript within curly braces: { ‘this is treated as JavaScript code’ }
JSX code must be compiled into JavaScript
under the hood the challenges are calling ReactDOM.render (JSX, document.getElementById(‘root’))
One important thing to know about nested JSX is that it must return a single element.
For instance, several JSX elements written as siblings with no parent wrapper element will not transpile.
From the React Docs:
What is React?
React is a declarative, efficient, and flexible JavaScript library for building user interfaces. It lets you compose complex UIs from small and isolated pieces of code called “components”.
React has a few different kinds of components, but we’ll start
with
React.Component
subclasses:
class ShoppingList extends React.Component {
render() {
return (

Shopping List for {this.props.name}

Instagram

WhatsApp

Oculus

);
}
}
// Example usage: <ShoppingList name="Mark" />
We’ll get to the funny XML-like tags soon. We use components to tell React what we want to see on the screen. When our data changes, React will efficiently update and re-render our components.
Here, ShoppingList is a
React component class, or
React component type. A component takes in parameters, called
props
(short for “properties”), and returns a hierarchy of views to
display via the
render
method.
The
render
method returns a
description of what you
want to see on the screen. React takes the description and
displays the result. In particular,
render
returns a
React element, which is a lightweight description of what to render. Most
React developers use a special syntax called “JSX” which makes
these structures easier to write. The

syntax is transformed at build time to
React.createElement('div')
. The example above is equivalent to:
return React.createElement('div', {className: 'shopping-list'},
React.createElement('h1', /* ... h1 children ... */),
React.createElement('ul', /* ... ul children ... */)
);
Valid JSX:

Paragraph One

Paragraph Two

Paragraph Three

Invalid JSX:

Paragraph One

Paragraph Two

Paragraph Three

To put comments inside JSX, you use the syntax {/* */} to wrap around the comment text.
To put comments inside JSX, you use the syntax {/* */} to wrap around the comment text.
The code editor has a JSX element similar to what you created in the last challenge. Add a comment somewhere within the provided div element, without modifying the existing h1 or p elements.
const JSX = (

{/* This is a comment */}

This is a block of JSX

Here's a subtitle

);
With React, we can render this JSX directly to the HTML DOM using React’s rendering API known as ReactDOM.
ReactDOM offers a simple method to render React elements to the DOM which looks like this:
ReactDOM.render(componentToRender, targetNode)
- the first argument is the React element or component that you want to render,
- and the second argument is the DOM node that you want to render the component to.
ReactDOM.render() must be called after the JSX element declarations, just like how you must declare variables before using them.
key difference in JSX is that you can no longer use the word class to define HTML classes.
- — -> This is because class is a reserved word in JavaScript. Instead, JSX uses className
the naming convention for all HTML attributes and event references in JSX become camelCase
a click event in JSX is onClick, instead of onclick. Likewise, onchange becomes onChange. While this is a subtle difference, it is an important one to keep in mind moving forward.
Apply a class of myDiv to the div provided in the JSX code.
- The constant JSX should return a div element.
- The div should have a class of myDiv.
const JSX = (

Add a class to this div

);
Ans:
const JSX = (

Add a class to this div

);
React: Learn About Self-Closing JSX Tags
-Another important way in which JSX differs from HTML is in the idea of the self-closing tag.
In HTML, almost all tags have both an opening and closing
tag:

;
the closing tag always has a forward slash before the tag name
that you are closing.
there are special instances in HTML called “self-closing tags”, or tags that don’t require both an opening and closing tag before another tag can start.
For example the line-break tag can be written as

or as
,
but should never be written as

, since it doesn't contain any content.
In JSX, the rules are a little different. Any JSX element can be written with a self-closing tag, and every element must be closed.
The line-break tag, for example, must always be written as

in order to be valid JSX that can be transpiled.
A

, on the other hand, can be written as

or

.
The difference is that in the first syntax version there is no way to include anything in the

.
Fix the errors in the code editor so that it is valid JSX and successfully transpiles. Make sure you don’t change any of the content — you only need to close tags where they are needed.
const JSX = (

Welcome to React!

Be sure to close all tags!

);
Ans:
const JSX = (

Welcome to React!

Be sure to close all tags!

);
React: Create a Stateless Functional Component
There are two ways to create a React component. The first way is to use a JavaScript function.
Defining a component in this way creates a stateless functional component.
think of a stateless component as one that can receive data and render it, but does not manage or track changes to that data.
To create a component with a function, you simply write a JavaScript function that returns either JSX or null
- React requires your function name to begin with a capital letter.
Here’s an example of a stateless functional component that assigns an HTML class in JSX:
// After being transpiled, the
 will have a CSS class of 'customClass'
const DemoComponent = function() {
return (

);
};
Because a JSX component represents HTML, you could put several components together to create a more complex HTML page.
The code editor has a function called MyComponent. Complete this function so it returns a single div element which contains some string of text.
Note: The text is considered a child of the div element, so you will not be able to use a self-closing tag.
const MyComponent = function() {
// Change code below this line
// Change code above this line
}
ANS:
const MyComponent = function() {
// Change code below this line
return (

 Some Text

);
// Change code above this line
};
React: Create a React Component
The other way to define a React component is with the ES6 class syntax. In the following example, Kitten extends React.Component:
class Kitten extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
}
render() {
return (

Hi

);
}
}
This creates an ES6 class Kitten which extends the React.Component class.
So the Kitten class now has access to many useful React features, such as local state and lifecycle hooks.
Also notice the Kitten class has a constructor defined within it that calls super()
It uses super() to call the constructor of the parent class, in this case React.Component
The constructor is a special method used during the initialization of objects that are created with the class keyword. It is best practice to call a component’s constructor with super, and pass props to both.
This makes sure the component is initialized properly. For now, know that it is standard for this code to be included.
MyComponent is defined in the code editor using class syntax. Finish writing the render method so it returns a div element that contains an h1 with the text Hello React!.
class MyComponent extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
}
render() {
// Change code below this line
// Change code above this line
}
};
ANS:
class MyComponent extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
}
render() {
// Change code below this line
return (

Hello React!

);
// Change code above this line
}
};
React: Create a Component with Composition
Imagine you are building an App and have created three components, a Navbar, Dashboard, and Footer.
To compose these components together, you could create an App parent component which renders each of these three components as children. To render a component as a child in a React component, you include the component name written as a custom HTML tag in the JSX.
- For example, in the render method you could write:
return (
<App>
<Navbar />
<Dashboard />

</App>
)
When React encounters a custom HTML tag that references another component (a component name wrapped in < /> like in this example), it renders the markup for that component in the location of the tag. This should illustrate the parent/child relationship between the App component and the Navbar, Dashboard, and Footer.
Challenge:
In the code editor, there is a simple functional component called ChildComponent and a class component called ParentComponent. Compose the two together by rendering the ChildComponent within the ParentComponent. Make sure to close the ChildComponent tag with a forward slash.
- Note:ChildComponent is defined with an ES6 arrow function because this is a very common practice when using React.
- However, know that this is just a function.
const ChildComponent = () => {
return (

I am the child

);
};
class ParentComponent extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
}
render() {
return (

I am the parent

{ /* Change code below this line */ }
{ /* Change code above this line */ }

);
}
};
⌛The React component should return a single div element.
⌛The
component should return two nested elements.
⌛The
component should return the ChildComponent as its second child.
Ans:
const ChildComponent = () => {
return (

I am the child

);
};
class ParentComponent extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
}
render() {
return (

I am the parent

{ /* Change code below this line */ }
{ /* Change code above this line */ }

);
}
};
More Examples:
For more content follow me on GitHub:
Web Developer, Electrical Engineer https://bryanguner.medium.com/ https://portfolio42.netlify.app/…github.com
More content at plainenglish.io


What is cybercrime?
Cybercrime is criminal activity that either targets or uses a computer, a computer network or a networked device.
Most, but not all, cybercrime is committed by cybercriminals or hackers who want to make money. Cybercrime is carried out by individuals or organizations.
Some cybercriminals are organized, use advanced techniques and are highly technically skilled. Others are novice hackers.
Rarely, cybercrime aims to damage computers for reasons other than profit. These could be political or personal.
Types of cybercrime
Email and internet fraud. Identity fraud Theft of financial or card payment data. Theft and sale of corporate data. Cyberextortion (demanding money to prevent a threatened attack). Ransomware attacks (a type of cyberextortion). Cyberespionage (where hackers access government or company data). Cryptojacking (where hackers mine cryptocurrency using resources they do not own).
Most cybercrime falls under two main categories:
Criminal activity that targets Criminal activity that uses computers to commit other crimes.
Cybercrime that targets computers often involves viruses and other types of malware.
Cybercriminals may infect computers with viruses and malware to damage devices or stop them working. They may also use malware to delete or steal data.
Cybercrime that stops users using a machine or network, or prevents a business providing a software service to its customers, is called a Denial-of-Service (DoS) attack.
Cybercrime that uses computers to commit other crimes may involve using computers or networks to spread malware, illegal information or illegal images.
Sometimes cybercriminals conduct both categories of cybercrime at once. They may target computers with viruses first. Then, use them to spread malware to other machines or throughout a network.
Cybercriminals may also carry out what is known as a Distributed-Denial-of-Service (DDos) attack. This is similar to a DoS attack but cybercriminals use numerous compromised computers to carry it out.
Now we'll dive into the two most common types of encryption used in securing Internet communications: symmetric encryption and public key encryption.
Examples of cybercrime
Malware attacks Phishing Distributed DoS attacks How to protect yourself against cybercrime
Keep software and operating system updated Use anti-virus software and keep it updated Use strong passwords Never open attachments in spam emails Do not click on links in spam emails or untrusted websites Do not give out personal information unless secure Be mindful of which website URLs you visit


Feb 9, 2008 1:09 PM
In this paper Gary Natriello examines the relationships between the educational research and scholarship published in the online version of the Teachers College Record and the response to that work from the online audience of the journal. By detailing the nature of the research, the structure of the published articles, and the conditions under which various types of educational research appear online and then tracking the diverse responses of the large audience of the journal, this paper begins to develop a systematic view of how educational research is communicated to its intended readers. Analysis of the responses of over 100,000 registered users to the thousands of articles available online reveals the role of placement and promotion of articles, the topics addressed in the articles, the authors of the articles, and the evidentiary base of the articles in developing an audience of readers. Crowne Plaza Hotel Times Square/Times Square Ballroom, Section C, Lobby Level


Common mistakes made in APA style
What's the most difficult part of the APA style for students? Continuing the practice from 2010, I’ll demonstrate the typical mistakes found in the manuscripts submitted for the 4th issue of the Journal of European Psychology Students (JEPS). Given...
[Read More]


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| This issue is as wide and deep as the mighty Willamette, the banks of which presently are swollen by rain. If the COE had a fall theme, it was newness. New faculty, a new president, new branding, new scholarships, and of course, new students. On behalf of the faculty and staff, we hope you had an enjoyable fall and are looking forward to a relaxing Holiday season filled with family and friends and a healthy New Year. Your commitments toward the future inspire us to keep innovating and pushing forward for kids and families. It's going to be quite an exciting year! |
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Marketing and Communications
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College of Education
1215 University of Oregon
Eugene, OR 97403-1215 |
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