This document is the central repository for all information pertaining to debug information in LLVM. It describes the user interface for the llvm-db tool, which provides a powerful source-level debugger to users of LLVM-based compilers. It then describes the various components that make up the debugger and the libraries which future clients may use. Finally, it describes the actual format that the LLVM debug information takes, which is useful for those interested in creating front-ends or dealing directly with the information.
The idea of the LLVM debugging information is to capture how the important pieces of the source-language's Abstract Syntax Tree map onto LLVM code. Several design aspects have shaped the solution that appears here. The important ones are:
The approach used by the LLVM implementation is to use a small set of intrinsic functions to define a mapping between LLVM program objects and the source-level objects. The description of the source-level program is maintained in LLVM global variables in an implementation-defined format (the C/C++ front-end currently uses working draft 7 of the Dwarf 3 standard).
When a program is debugged, the debugger interacts with the user and turns the stored debug information into source-language specific information. As such, the debugger must be aware of the source-language, and is thus tied to a specific language of family of languages. The LLVM debugger is designed to be modular in its support for source-languages.
An extremely high priority of LLVM debugging information is to make it interact well with optimizations and analysis. In particular, the LLVM debug information provides the following guarantees:
Basically, the debug information allows you to compile a program with "-O0 -g" and get full debug information, allowing you to arbitrarily modify the program as it executes from the debugger. Compiling a program with "-O3 -g" gives you full debug information that is always available and accurate for reading (e.g., you get accurate stack traces despite tail call elimination and inlining), but you might lose the ability to modify the program and call functions where were optimized out of the program, or inlined away completely.
There are several important extensions that could be eventually added to the LLVM debugger. The most important extension would be to upgrade the LLVM code generators to support debugging information. This would also allow, for example, the X86 code generator to emit native objects that contain debugging information consumable by traditional source-level debuggers like GDB or DBX.
Additionally, LLVM optimizations can be upgraded to incrementally update the debugging information, new commands can be added to the debugger, and thread support could be added to the debugger.
The "SourceLanguage" modules provided by llvm-db could be substantially improved to provide good support for C++ language features like namespaces and scoping rules.
After working with the debugger for a while, perhaps the nicest improvement would be to add some sort of line editor, such as GNU readline (but one that is compatible with the LLVM license).
For someone so inclined, it should be straight-forward to write different front-ends for the LLVM debugger, as the LLVM debugging engine is cleanly separated from the llvm-db front-end. A new LLVM GUI debugger or IDE would be nice. :)
The llvm-db tool provides a GDB-like interface for source-level debugging of programs. This tool provides many standard commands for inspecting and modifying the program as it executes, loading new programs, single stepping, placing breakpoints, etc. This section describes how to use the debugger.
llvm-db has been designed to be as similar to GDB in its user interface as possible. This should make it extremely easy to learn llvm-db if you already know GDB. In general, llvm-db provides the subset of GDB commands that are applicable to LLVM debugging users. If there is a command missing that make a reasonable amount of sense within the limitations of llvm-db, please report it as a bug or, better yet, submit a patch to add it. :)
llvm-db is designed to be modular and easy to extend. This extensibility was key to getting the debugger up-and-running quickly, because we can start with simple-but-unsophisicated implementations of various components. Because of this, it is currently missing many features, though they should be easy to add over time (patches welcomed!). The biggest inherent limitations of llvm-db are currently due to extremely simple debugger backend (implemented in "lib/Debugger/UnixLocalInferiorProcess.cpp") which is designed to work without any cooperation from the code generators. Because it is so simple, it suffers from the following inherent limitations:
That said, the debugger is still quite useful, and all of these limitations can be eliminated by integrating support for the debugger into the code generators, and writing a new InferiorProcess subclass to use it. See the future work section for ideas of how to extend the LLVM debugger despite these limitations.
TODO: this is obviously lame, when more is implemented, this can be much better.
$ llvm-db funccall llvm-db: The LLVM source-level debugger Loading program... successfully loaded 'funccall.bc'! (llvm-db) create Starting program: funccall.bc main at funccall.c:9:2 9 -> q = 0; (llvm-db) list main 4 void foo() { 5 int t = q; 6 q = t + 1; 7 } 8 int main() { 9 -> q = 0; 10 foo(); 11 q = q - 1; 12 13 return q; (llvm-db) list 14 } (llvm-db) step 10 -> foo(); (llvm-db) s foo at funccall.c:5:2 5 -> int t = q; (llvm-db) bt #0 -> 0x85ffba0 in foo at funccall.c:5:2 #1 0x85ffd98 in main at funccall.c:10:2 (llvm-db) finish main at funccall.c:11:2 11 -> q = q - 1; (llvm-db) s 13 -> return q; (llvm-db) s The program stopped with exit code 0 (llvm-db) quit $
There are three ways to start up the llvm-db debugger:
When run with no options, just llvm-db, the debugger starts up without a program loaded at all. You must use the file command to load a program, and the set args or run commands to specify the arguments for the program.
If you start the debugger with one argument, as llvm-db <program>, the debugger will start up and load in the specified program. You can then optionally specify arguments to the program with the set args or run commands.
The third way to start the program is with the --args option. This option allows you to specify the program to load and the arguments to start out with. Example use: llvm-db --args ls /home
FIXME: this needs work obviously. See the GDB documentation for information about what these do, or try 'help [command]' within llvm-db to get information.
The LLVM debugger is built out of three distinct layers of software. These layers provide clients with different interface options depending on what pieces of they want to implement themselves, and it also promotes code modularity and good design. The three layers are the Debugger interface, the "info" interfaces, and the llvm-db tool itself.
The Debugger class (defined in the include/llvm/Debugger/ directory) is a low-level class which is used to maintain information about the loaded program, as well as start and stop the program running as necessary. This class does not provide any high-level analysis or control over the program, only exposing simple interfaces like load/unloadProgram, create/killProgram, step/next/finish/contProgram, and low-level methods for installing breakpoints.
The Debugger class is itself a wrapper around the lowest-level InferiorProcess class. This class is used to represent an instance of the program running under debugger control. The InferiorProcess class can be implemented in different ways for different targets and execution scenarios (e.g., remote debugging). The InferiorProcess class exposes a small and simple collection of interfaces which are useful for inspecting the current state of the program (such as collecting stack trace information, reading the memory image of the process, etc). The interfaces in this class are designed to be as low-level and simple as possible, to make it easy to create new instances of the class.
The Debugger class exposes the currently active instance of InferiorProcess through the Debugger::getRunningProcess method, which returns a const reference to the class. This means that clients of the Debugger class can only inspect the running instance of the program directly. To change the executing process in some way, they must use the interces exposed by the Debugger class.
The next-highest level of debugger abstraction is provided through the ProgramInfo, RuntimeInfo, SourceLanguage and related classes (also defined in the include/llvm/Debugger/ directory). These classes efficiently decode the debugging information and low-level interfaces exposed by InferiorProcess into a higher-level representation, suitable for analysis by the debugger.
The ProgramInfo class exposes a variety of different kinds of information about the program objects in the source-level-language. The SourceFileInfo class represents a source-file in the program (e.g. a .cpp or .h file). The SourceFileInfo class captures information such as which SourceLanguage was used to compile the file, where the debugger can get access to the actual file text (which is lazily loaded on demand), etc. The SourceFunctionInfo class represents a... FIXME: finish. The ProgramInfo class provides interfaces to lazily find and decode the information needed to create the Source*Info classes requested by the debugger.
The RuntimeInfo class exposes information about the currently executed program, by decoding information from the InferiorProcess and ProgramInfo classes. It provides a StackFrame class which provides an easy-to-use interface for inspecting the current and suspended stack frames in the program.
The SourceLanguage class is an abstract interface used by the debugger to perform all source-language-specific tasks. For example, this interface is used by the ProgramInfo class to decode language-specific types and functions and by the debugger front-end (such as llvm-db to evaluate source-langauge expressions typed into the debugger. This class uses the RuntimeInfo & ProgramInfo classes to get information about the current execution context and the loaded program, respectively.
The llvm-db is designed to be a debugger providing an interface as similar to GDB as reasonable, but no more so than that. Because the Debugger and info classes implement all of the heavy lifting and analysis, llvm-db (which lives in llvm/tools/llvm-db) consists mainly of of code to interact with the user and parse commands. The CLIDebugger constructor registers all of the builtin commands for the debugger, and each command is implemented as a CLIDebugger::[name]Command method.
FIXME: this section will eventually go away. These are notes to myself of things that should be implemented, but haven't yet.
Breakpoints: Support is already implemented in the 'InferiorProcess' class, though it hasn't been tested yet. To finish breakpoint support, we need to implement breakCommand (which should reuse the linespec parser from the list command), and handle the fact that 'break foo' or 'break file.c:53' may insert multiple breakpoints. Also, if you say 'break file.c:53' and there is no stoppoint on line 53, the breakpoint should go on the next available line. My idea was to have the Debugger class provide a "Breakpoint" class which encapsulated this messiness, giving the debugger front-end a simple interface. The debugger front-end would have to map the really complex semantics of temporary breakpoints and 'conditional' breakpoints onto this intermediate level. Also, breakpoints should survive as much as possible across program reloads.
UnixLocalInferiorProcess.cpp speedup: There is no reason for the debugged process to code gen the globals corresponding to debug information. The IntrinsicLowering object could instead change descriptors into constant expr casts of the constant address of the LLVM objects for the descriptors. This would also allow us to eliminate the mapping back and forth between physical addresses that must be done.
Process deaths: The InferiorProcessDead exception should be extended to know "how" a process died, i.e., it was killed by a signal. This is easy to collect in the UnixLocalInferiorProcess, we just need to represent it.
LLVM debugging information has been carefully designed to make it possible for the optimizer to optimize the program and debugging information without necessarily having to know anything about debugging information. In particular, the global constant merging pass automatically eliminates duplicated debugging information (often caused by header files), the global dead code elimination pass automatically deletes debugging information for a function if it decides to delete the function, and the linker eliminates debug information when it merges linkonce functions.
To do this, most of the debugging information (descriptors for types, variables, functions, source files, etc) is inserted by the language front-end in the form of LLVM global variables. These LLVM global variables are no different from any other global variables, except that they have a web of LLVM intrinsic functions that point to them. If the last references to a particular piece of debugging information are deleted (for example, by the -globaldce pass), the extraneous debug information will automatically become dead and be removed by the optimizer.
The debugger is designed to be agnostic about the contents of most of the debugging information. It uses a source-language-specific module to decode the information that represents variables, types, functions, namespaces, etc: this allows for arbitrary source-language semantics and type-systems to be used, as long as there is a module written for the debugger to interpret the information.
To provide basic functionality, the LLVM debugger does have to make some assumptions about the source-level language being debugged, though it keeps these to a minimum. The only common features that the LLVM debugger assumes exist are source files, and program objects. These abstract objects are used by the debugger to form stack traces, show information about local variables, etc.
This section of the documentation first describes the representation aspects common to any source-language. The next section describes the data layout conventions used by the C and C++ front-ends.
One important aspect of the LLVM debug representation is that it allows the LLVM debugger to efficiently index all of the global objects without having the scan the program. To do this, all of the global objects use "anchor" globals of type "{}", with designated names. These anchor objects obviously do not contain any content or meaning by themselves, but all of the global objects of a particular type (e.g., source file descriptors) contain a pointer to the anchor. This pointer allows the debugger to use def-use chains to find all global objects of that type.
So far, the following names are recognized as anchors by the LLVM debugger:
%llvm.dbg.translation_units = linkonce global {} {} %llvm.dbg.globals = linkonce global {} {}
Using anchors in this way (where the source file descriptor points to the anchors, as opposed to having a list of source file descriptors) allows for the standard dead global elimination and merging passes to automatically remove unused debugging information. If the globals were kept track of through lists, there would always be an object pointing to the descriptors, thus would never be deleted.
LLVM debugger "stop points" are a key part of the debugging representation that allows the LLVM to maintain simple semantics for debugging optimized code. The basic idea is that the front-end inserts calls to the %llvm.dbg.stoppoint intrinsic function at every point in the program where the debugger should be able to inspect the program (these correspond to places the debugger stops when you "step" through it). The front-end can choose to place these as fine-grained as it would like (for example, before every subexpression evaluated), but it is recommended to only put them after every source statement that includes executable code.
Using calls to this intrinsic function to demark legal points for the debugger to inspect the program automatically disables any optimizations that could potentially confuse debugging information. To non-debug-information-aware transformations, these calls simply look like calls to an external function, which they must assume to do anything (including reading or writing to any part of reachable memory). On the other hand, it does not impact many optimizations, such as code motion of non-trapping instructions, nor does it impact optimization of subexpressions, code duplication transformations, or basic-block reordering transformations.
An important aspect of the calls to the %llvm.dbg.stoppoint intrinsic is that the function-local debugging information is woven together with use-def chains. This makes it easy for the debugger to, for example, locate the 'next' stop point. For a concrete example of stop points, see the example in the next section.
In many languages, the local variables in functions can have their lifetime or scope limited to a subset of a function. In the C family of languages, for example, variables are only live (readable and writable) within the source block that they are defined in. In functional languages, values are only readable after they have been defined. Though this is a very obvious concept, it is also non-trivial to model in LLVM, because it has no notion of scoping in this sense, and does not want to be tied to a language's scoping rules.
In order to handle this, the LLVM debug format uses the notion of "regions" of a function, delineated by calls to intrinsic functions. These intrinsic functions define new regions of the program and indicate when the region lifetime expires. Consider the following C fragment, for example:
1. void foo() { 2. int X = ...; 3. int Y = ...; 4. { 5. int Z = ...; 6. ... 7. } 8. ... 9. }
Compiled to LLVM, this function would be represented like this (FIXME: CHECK AND UPDATE THIS):
void %foo() { %X = alloca int %Y = alloca int %Z = alloca int %D1 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.func.start(%lldb.global* %d.foo) %D2 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.stoppoint({}* %D1, uint 2, uint 2, %lldb.compile_unit* %file) %D3 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.DEFINEVARIABLE({}* %D2, ...) ;; Evaluate expression on line 2, assigning to X. %D4 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.stoppoint({}* %D3, uint 3, uint 2, %lldb.compile_unit* %file) %D5 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.DEFINEVARIABLE({}* %D4, ...) ;; Evaluate expression on line 3, assigning to Y. %D6 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.stoppoint({}* %D5, uint 5, uint 4, %lldb.compile_unit* %file) %D7 = call {}* %llvm.region.start({}* %D6) %D8 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.DEFINEVARIABLE({}* %D7, ...) ;; Evaluate expression on line 5, assigning to Z. %D9 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.stoppoint({}* %D8, uint 6, uint 4, %lldb.compile_unit* %file) ;; Code for line 6. %D10 = call {}* %llvm.region.end({}* %D9) %D11 = call {}* %llvm.dbg.stoppoint({}* %D10, uint 8, uint 2, %lldb.compile_unit* %file) ;; Code for line 8. %D12 = call {}* %llvm.region.end({}* %D11) ret void }
This example illustrates a few important details about the LLVM debugging information. In particular, it shows how the various intrinsics used are woven together with def-use and use-def chains, similar to how anchors are used with globals. This allows the debugger to analyze the relationship between statements, variable definitions, and the code used to implement the function.
In this example, two explicit regions are defined, one with the definition of the %D1 variable and one with the definition of %D7. In the case of %D1, the debug information indicates that the function whose descriptor is specified as an argument to the intrinsic. This defines a new stack frame whose lifetime ends when the region is ended by the %D12 call.
Using regions to represent the boundaries of source-level functions allow LLVM interprocedural optimizations to arbitrarily modify LLVM functions without having to worry about breaking mapping information between the LLVM code and the and source-level program. In particular, the inliner requires no modification to support inlining with debugging information: there is no explicit correlation drawn between LLVM functions and their source-level counterparts (note however, that if the inliner inlines all instances of a non-strong-linkage function into its caller that it will not be possible for the user to manually invoke the inlined function from the debugger).
Once the function has been defined, the stopping point corresponding to line #2 of the function is encountered. At this point in the function, no local variables are live. As lines 2 and 3 of the example are executed, their variable definitions are automatically introduced into the program, without the need to specify a new region. These variables do not require new regions to be introduced because they go out of scope at the same point in the program: line 9.
In contrast, the Z variable goes out of scope at a different time, on line 7. For this reason, it is defined within the %D7 region, which kills the availability of Z before the code for line 8 is executed. In this way, regions can support arbitrary source-language scoping rules, as long as they can only be nested (ie, one scope cannot partially overlap with a part of another scope).
It is worth noting that this scoping mechanism is used to control scoping of all declarations, not just variable declarations. For example, the scope of a C++ using declaration is controlled with this, and the llvm-db C++ support routines could use this to change how name lookup is performed (though this is not implemented yet).
The LLVM debugger expects the descriptors for program objects to start in a canonical format, but the descriptors can include additional information appended at the end that is source-language specific. All LLVM debugging information is versioned, allowing backwards compatibility in the case that the core structures need to change in some way. Also, all debugging information objects start with a tag to indicate what type of object it is. The source-language is allows to define its own objects, by using unreserved tag numbers.
The lowest-level descriptor are those describing the files containing the program source code, as most other descriptors (sometimes indirectly) refer to them.
The LLVM debugger needs to know about some source-language program objects, in order to build stack traces, print information about local variables, and other related activities. The LLVM debugger differentiates between three different types of program objects: subprograms (functions, messages, methods, etc), variables (locals and globals), and others. Because source-languages have widely varying forms of these objects, the LLVM debugger expects only a few fields in the descriptor for each object:
%lldb.object = type { uint, ;; A tag any*, ;; The context for the object sbyte* ;; The object 'name' }
The first field contains a tag for the descriptor. The second field contains either a pointer to the descriptor for the containing source file, or it contains a pointer to another program object whose context pointer eventually reaches a source file. Through this context pointer, the LLVM debugger can establish the debug version number of the object.
The third field contains a string that the debugger can use to identify the object if it does not contain explicit support for the source-language in use (ie, the 'unknown' source language handler uses this string). This should be some sort of unmangled string that corresponds to the object, but it is a quality of implementation issue what exactly it contains (it is legal, though not useful, for all of these strings to be null).
Note again that descriptors can be extended to include source-language-specific information in addition to the fields required by the LLVM debugger. See the section on the C/C++ front-end for more information. Also remember that global objects (functions, selectors, global variables, etc) must contain an anchor to the llvm.dbg.globals variable.
Allow source-language specific contexts, use to identify namespaces etc Must end up in a source file descriptor. Debugger core ignores all unknown context objects.
Define each intrinsics, as an extension of the language reference manual. llvm.dbg.stoppoint llvm.dbg.region.start llvm.dbg.region.end llvm.dbg.function.start llvm.dbg.declare
Happen to be the same value as the similarly named Dwarf-3 tags, this may change in the future.
LLVM_COMPILE_UNIT : 17 LLVM_SUBPROGRAM : 46 LLVM_VARIABLE : 52
The C and C++ front-ends represent information about the program in a format that is effectively identical to Dwarf 3.0 in terms of information content. This allows code generators to trivially support native debuggers by generating standard dwarf information, and contains enough information for non-dwarf targets to translate it as needed.
The basic debug information required by the debugger is (intentionally) designed to be as minimal as possible. This basic information is so minimal that it is unlikely that any source-language could be adequately described by it. Because of this, the debugger format was designed for extension to support source-language-specific information. The extended descriptors are read and interpreted by the language-specific modules in the debugger if there is support available, otherwise it is ignored.
This section describes the extensions used to represent C and C++ programs. Other languages could pattern themselves after this (which itself is tuned to representing programs in the same way that Dwarf 3 does), or they could choose to provide completely different extensions if they don't fit into the Dwarf model. As support for debugging information gets added to the various LLVM source-language front-ends, the information used should be documented here.
TODO
Translation units do not add any information over the standard source file representation already expected by the debugger. As such, it uses descriptors of the type specified, with a trailing anchor.
TODO
TODO


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I use MyThree in my projects for displaying of my 3D objects in the canvas.
- Copyright:
- 2011 Data Arts Team, Google Creative Lab
- License:
- under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
- Source:
Classes
Members
(inner) length
getter
- Source:
Type Definitions
createXDobjects(group, options)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
group |
THREE.Group | group of objects to which a new XD object will be added | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
options |
Options | See Options. Followed parameters is allowed.
Properties
|
- Source:


The LEAN Report Creator (LRC) is a report generated from backtesting-result objects and allows you to quickly create polished, professional-grade reports for each backtest (see a full example report generated by LRC). We hope that you can use these reports to share your strategy performance with prospective investors. The report was generated using the examples provided in this tutorial.
The algorithm used to generate the example report is provided below.
Users working through the QuantConnect.com IDE can have these reports generated automatically at the end of a backtest. To generate one, look at the “Report” tab below your backtest result charts and click "Request Report".


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DashingPlatforms
1.0
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#include <TimerMessage.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| TimerMessage (const MailboxAddress &sourceAddress, unsigned int versionNumber, ACE_Time_Value timeout, ACE_Time_Value restartInterval=ACE_Time_Value::zero, unsigned int sourceContextId=0, unsigned int destinationContextId=0) | |
| virtual | ~TimerMessage () |
| ACE_Time_Value & | getTimeout () |
| ACE_Time_Value & | getRestartInterval () |
| void | setExpirationTime (ACE_Time_Value expirationTime) |
| ACE_Time_Value & | getExpirationTime () |
| virtual unsigned short | getMessageId () const |
| string | toString () |
| Public Member Functions inherited from ReusableMessageBase | |
| ReusableMessageBase (const MailboxAddress &sourceAddress, unsigned int versionNumber, unsigned int sourceContextId=0, unsigned int destinationContextId=0) | |
| virtual | ~ReusableMessageBase () |
| void | setHasBeenProcessed (bool hasBeenProcessed) |
| bool | hasBeenProcessed () |
| void | setNoLongerReusable () |
| Public Member Functions inherited from MessageBase | |
| MessageBase (const MailboxAddress &sourceAddress, unsigned int versionNumber, unsigned int sourceContextId=0, unsigned int destinationContextId=0) | |
| virtual | ~MessageBase () |
| virtual unsigned char | getDestinationMailboxId () const |
| virtual int | serialize (MessageBuffer &buffer) |
| virtual unsigned int | getSourceContextId () const |
| virtual unsigned int | getDestinationContextId () const |
| virtual const MailboxAddress & | getSourceAddress () const |
| virtual void | deleteMessage () |
| void | setPriority (unsigned int priorityLevel=0) |
| void | setVersion (unsigned int versionNumber) |
| unsigned int | getPriority () |
| unsigned int | getVersion () |
| bool | isPoolable () |
| bool | isReusable () |
| Public Member Functions inherited from ObjectBase | |
| ObjectBase () | |
| virtual | ~ObjectBase () |
| void | setPoolable (bool isPoolable) |
Protected Attributes | |
| ACE_Time_Value | timeout_ |
| ACE_Time_Value | restartInterval_ |
| ACE_Time_Value | expirationTime_ |
| Protected Attributes inherited from MessageBase | |
| MailboxAddress | sourceAddress_ |
| unsigned int | sourceContextId_ |
| unsigned int | destinationContextId_ |
| unsigned int | versionNumber_ |
| bool | isReusable_ |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Static Public Member Functions inherited from MessageBase | |
| static unsigned short | getStaticMessageId () |
| static MessageBase * | deserialize (MessageBuffer *buffer) |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from ObjectBase | |
| bool | isPoolable () |
TimerMessage is the base class implementation for all system timer messages.
All system software Timer Messages (that can tolerate the MsgMgr concurrency latency) must inherit from this class. The exception to this rule is that this class can be created concrete–If an application has no need for passing parameters/values along with the Timer, then it can use this generic/concrete class to get an expiration time.
High resolution or hardware timers (sub-microsecond) must register or schedule themselves manually.
Because the TimerMessage has the capability to be automatically recurring (that is, it can automatically re-schedule itself), the application developer needs to take special notice. This class does not automatically inherit from OPMBase. If a TimerMessage subclass is required to be OPM pooled, then it will need to do multiple inheritance from both MessageBase (or ReusableMessageBase) and OPMBase.
Also note that if a restartInterval is specified to periodically restart the Timer, then it is NOT necessary to re-post the Timer Message. All other reusable messages must be posted again in order to reuse them.
| TimerMessage::TimerMessage | ( | const MailboxAddress & | sourceAddress, |
| unsigned int | versionNumber, | ||
| ACE_Time_Value | timeout, | ||
| ACE_Time_Value | restartInterval = ACE_Time_Value::zero , |
||
| unsigned int | sourceContextId = 0 , |
||
| unsigned int | destinationContextId = 0 |
||
| ) |
Constructor
| timeout | time interval after which the timer will expire |
| restartInterval | time interval after which the timer will be automatically rescheduled. If this parameter is defaulted, then the TimerMessage will behave like a MessageBase; otherwise, if it is non-default, then it will behave like a ReusableMessageBase. If a non-default restartInterval is specified, it is NOT necessary to re-post (by calling scheduleTimer() again) the message to restart the Timer. |
References MessageBase::isReusable_, and TimerMessage().
Referenced by TimerMessage().
|
virtual |
Virtual Destructor
| ACE_Time_Value & TimerMessage::getExpirationTime | ( | ) |
Retrieves the 'actual' time that the Timer Expired. This value is set by the MsgMgr framework, and it is provided to the applications so that it can be used to 'judge' the amount of latency introduced by the Timer sitting inside the mailbox queue.
References expirationTime_.
|
virtual |
Returns the unique message identifier for any subclass of MessageBase. MessageId's must be registered in common/MessageIds.h
Implements MessageBase.
Reimplemented in ResourceMonitorTimerMessage.
| ACE_Time_Value & TimerMessage::getRestartInterval | ( | ) |
Return the time interval after which the timer will be automatically rescheduled
References restartInterval_.
Referenced by MailboxOwnerHandle::scheduleTimer().
| ACE_Time_Value & TimerMessage::getTimeout | ( | ) |
Return the time interval after which the timer will expire
References timeout_.
Referenced by MailboxOwnerHandle::scheduleTimer().
| void TimerMessage::setExpirationTime | ( | ACE_Time_Value | expirationTime | ) |
Sets the time that the Timer actually expires. This is called by the MsgMgr framework. Applications should NOT call this method
References expirationTime_.
Referenced by MailboxBase::handle_timeout().
|
virtual |
String'ized debugging method
Implements MessageBase.
Reimplemented in ResourceMonitorTimerMessage.
|
protected |
Records the 'actual' time that the Timer expired
Referenced by getExpirationTime(), and setExpirationTime().
|
protected |
Time interval after which the timer will be automatically rescheduled
Referenced by getRestartInterval().
|
protected |
Time interval after which the timer will expire
Referenced by getTimeout().


Guana Cay (or Great Guana Cay) is a 7 mile long narrow cay, a short ferry ride from Marsh Harbour - the 3rd largest Bahamian town with an international airport.
Position 26°39'47"N, 77°06'45"W (Orchard Bay marina)
There are no customs or immigration facilities on the cay.
There is an anchorage and a dinghy dock located in Fisher's bay (sand and grass). Good holding in sand. There are moorings both here and in the harbour, which can be rented from Dive Guana.
December 2008, cruisers warn that in Bakers Bay there is alot of building work going on and Settlement Harbour is very tight and shallow and busy with small, fast boats.


Ignition Support
Introduction
Ignition is a new provisioning utility designed specifically for CoreOS/RhCOS. At the the most basic level, it is a tool for manipulating a node during early boot. This includes:
- Partitioning disks.
- Formatting partitions.
- Writing files (regular files, systemd units, networkd units).
- Configuring users and their associated ssh public keys.
Recently, we added support for it in KubeVirt so ignition data can now be embedded in a vm specification, through a dedicated annotation. Ignition support is still needed in the guest operating system.
Enabling Ignition Support
Ignition Support has be enabled through a [feature gate. This is achieved by creating (or editing ) the kubevirt-config ConfigMap in the kubevirt namespace.
A minimal config map would look like this:
apiVersion: v1
kind: ConfigMap
metadata:
name: kubevirt-config
namespace: kubevirt
labels:
kubevirt.io: ""
data:
feature-gates: ExperimentalIgnitionSupport
Make sure to delete kubevirt related pods afterward for the configuration to be taken into account:
kubectl delete pod --all -n kubevirt
WorkThrough
We assume that you already have a Kubernetes or Openshift cluster running with KubeVirt installed.
Step 1
Create The following VM spec in the file myvm1.yml:
apiVersion: kubevirt.io/v1alpha3
kind: VirtualMachine
metadata:
name: myvm1
spec:
running: true
template:
metadata:
labels:
kubevirt.io/size: small
annotations:
kubevirt.io/ignitiondata: |
{
"ignition": {
"config": {},
"version": "2.2.0"
},
"networkd": {},
"passwd": {
"users": [
{
"name": "core",
"sshAuthorizedKeys": [
"ssh-rsa AAAAB3NzaC1yc2EAAAADAQABAAABAQC/AvM9VbO2yiIb9AillBp/kTr8jqIErRU1LFKqhwPTm4AtVIjFSaOuM4AlspfCUIz9IHBrDcZmbcYKai3lC3JtQic7M/a1OWUjWE1ML8CEvNsGPGu5yNVUQoWC0lmW5rzX9c6HvH8AcmfMmdyQ7SgcAnk0zir9jw8ed2TRAzHn3vXFd7+saZLihFJhXG4zB8vh7gJHjLfjIa3JHptWzW9AtqF9QsoBY/iu58Rf/hRnrfWscyN3x9pGCSEqdLSDv7HFuH2EabnvNFFQZr4J1FYzH/fKVY3Ppt3rf64UWCztDu7L44fPwwkI7nAzdmQVTaMoD3Ej8i7/OSFZsC2V5IBT kboumedh@bumblefoot"
]
},
]
}
}
spec:
domain:
devices:
disks:
- name: containerdisk
disk:
bus: virtio
interfaces:
- name: default
bridge: {}
resources:
requests:
memory: 64M
networks:
- name: default
pod: {}
volumes:
- name: containerdisk
containerDisk:
image: kubevirt/fedora-cloud-container-disk-demo
Note we simply inject the ignition data as a string in vm/spec/domain/spec/metadata/annotations, using kubevirt.io/ignitiondata as an annotation
Step 2
Create the VM:
$ kubectl apply -f myvm1.yml
virtualmachine "myvm1" created
At this point, when VM boots, ignition data will be injected.
How does it work under the hood?
We currently leverage Pass-through of arbitrary qemu commands although there is some discussion around using a metadata server instead
Summary
Ignition Support brings the ability to run coreos/rhcos distros on KubeVirt and to customize them at boot time.


Playing with USB is very fun, and V-USB makes it pretty convenient and cheap.
Projects
- Tricolor USB alert that pretends to be a keyboard but can receive info from your PC and show some status red/yellow/green light
* [[Finger Password Keyboard]] that scans my fingertip and type my password.
- RapideUSB a 5cm x 5cm protoboard for V-USB implementation with ATtiny2313 or ATmega328
* [[RapideUSBII]] the alternate version for tiny2313
* [[USB volume control]]
* [[SNES pad USB adapter]] to use an original SNES pad on your PC
Tutorials and documentation


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Weekly Reading: Silk Roads, Dragons, and GIFs
At the end of a long day of work, Machiavelli liked to change into “regal and courtly garments” and spend hours reading his favorite authors. For Machiavelli, this reading was the highlight of his day, and it was not a passive activity but a form of conversation, even communion: “I no longer fear poverty, nor do I tremble at the thought of death,” he wrote to his friend Francesco. “I become completely part of them.”
We at *The Appendix also believe in the power of the written word to bridge gaps, not only between people living today, but between the past and the present. This is the second installment of a new Appendix feature, Weekly Reading, that combines links to contemporary writing we enjoyed from the past week alongside extracts from authors who might be long dead.*
- The good people at Open Culture brought us a rare 1925 film about the making of the Oxford English Dictionary. Its a glimpse at a past world of books that feels decidedly foreign today (“Books were bound by gender-divided teams: A room of women labored in the ‘girls’ bindery section while men bound books in their own separate room.”)
- Via Princeton historian Matt Karp, a great quote from a letter by the late C. Vann Woodward about his loathing for Duke’s faux-tudor pretensions. (“Professors applauded & Woodward muttered & finally puked on the floor. Goddam, how I loathe that place.”)
- The Points blog about the history of alcohol and drugs offered up an in-depth analysis of the ideology that motivated the founder of the infamous Silk Road drug market.
- The always-delightful (even when its dark) Lapham’s Quarterly capped its recent “Death” issue with a miscellany of historical fatalities. Tenessee Williams choked to death on an eye-dropper cap, it turns out, and the painter Turner passed on after he was taken to a window so he could see the play of sunlight on a river.
- John Glassie, the author of a recent book about the Jesuit polymath (and Appendix inspiration) Athanasius Kircher, shared this dragon from Kircher’s 1664 Mundus Subterraneus.
- Public Domain Review got a well deserved shout-out from The Guardian.
- The first animated GIF designed for a doctoral dissertation?
- New Inquiry launched their self-help issue.
- We found lots of photographic proof that meerkats wrestle (with handy chart.)
For more links to good writing and interesting discoveries, follow us on Twitter, Tumblr, and Facebook.


Unlock epic perks, and support 2PG's development!
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RISE4JUSTICE: Christine Schuler Deschryver In Conversation w/ Eve (May
13, NYC)
On Tuesday, May 13, V-Day and ABC Home are proud to present a
RISE4JUSTICE event with V-Day Congo Director & Director of City of Joy
Christine Schuler Deschryver, in conversation with Eve Ensler.
Join us as we discuss the City of Joy, the V-World Farm, and an update
about the fifth graduating class! Hear directly from Christine about
the situation facing women and girls in Congo, and the work being done
on the ground to end the violence.
WHAT: V-Day Congo Director & Director of City of Joy Christine Schuler
Deschryver, in conversation with Eve Ensler
WHEN: Doors at 6pm, event from 6:30pm - 8:30pm
WHERE: Deepak Homebase at ABC Carpet & Home
888 Broadway at East 19th Street, NYC
TICKETS: $20 General Admission* available here >
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=xavq4o_6m51QDNMr5aD4eg
Your $20 donation will help support City of Joy
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=r0CjKVF26AKSEz0AhyE4iA
, a revolutionary community for women survivors of gender violence in
Bukavu, DRC.
Watch live online at vday.org/livestream
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=v-5AGO2SLma0gCcXbvUQnw
*V-Day has a select amount of $10 activist tickets available by
emailing<EMAIL_ADDRESS>http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=q6RfQPrSkcbDlw28yLYfPw
WATCH Christine Schuler Deschryver: “City of Joy is a community, a
place where love lives. Everything is based on love, and I think
that’s the only way you can change the world.”
http://action.vday.org/site/R?i=KocwG5bo49HgXiA148Ckfw
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unsubscribe
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Honestly I struggled with this a little bit. I am still getting the hang of media queries and at the moment I don't really like the way my site looks, especially when shifting from one size threshold to another. I understand that I am still learning but I'm not a fan of struggling to figure out exactly how my website should look both in my mind and in reality. I think that part of my frustration comes from having this particular sprint stretch over quite some time as I have not had much time to work on it at all. Despite my frustrations however, I think I understand the core of proccess over product, and it gets easier to deal with as I learn more about web design, and can implement more and more elements into my website.
My idea of meditation didn't change a lot before and after reading the second chapter. Based on the first chapter and my own prior knowledge of meditation I was already convinced of the benefits, and understood that it was something I was interested in trying. I did enjoy that the author cites a number of modern studies on the effects of meditation on western society. I was also taken by the idea that happiness is the base state, and that its all of the "sediment" in our minds that can lead us away from being content. While I'm not sure I believe this, its an interesting concept and I would like to discover for myself whether or not its true. The other big idea that I took away from this chapter is that its ok that my mind wanders from time to time. The act of consciously bring my attention back to my breathing is as important as concentrating on breathing in the first place. Or as the book put it, developing both attention and meta-attention.
I think the technique of sitting like a mountain stood out the most to me. While I'm not sure its the best method for me personally, i enjoyed the image and I can imagine that it could be very effective for some. I also enjoyed the way the author described "letting go" as inviting a distraction to leave, but being ok if it stayed. Its a passive approach to dealing with any issues you may come across while meditating and it promotes acceptance which I believe is incredibly important. I quite enjoyed chapter two of SIYS and I really enjoy the laid back way the author has of introducing meditation and mindfulness to his readers. In part I think this is because he is aware of the skepticism that a lot of western civilization has for eastern practices, especially when they are preached by people who seem zealous in their beliefs. Instead he promotes meditation with scientific sources, and a loose set of guidelines to follow which is most likely be very effective.
Home


| ID# | Animal Species | Animal Name | Enclosure Habitat | Food | Weight |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 01 | gorilla | Harambe | ape forest | vegetation and fruit | 800.25 |
| 02 | lion | Zimba | feline prairie | ungulates | 525.00 |
| 03 | warthog | Razorback | mudpit | invertebrates | 222.24 |
| 04 | giraffe | Joe | savanna | vegetation | 765.00 |
| 05 | hyena | Whoopi | savanna | antelope | 155.05 |
| 06 | meerkat | Sampien | burrow-mound | invertebrates and snakes | 40.33 |
| 07 | tiger | Bengal | feline prairie | meat | 407.80 |
| 08 | elephant | Dumbo | savanna | vegeation | 9999.90 |
| 09 | ostrich | Flash | savanna | fruits and seed | 250.20 |
| 10 | hippopotamus | Fergie | marsh | vegetation | 3400.80 |
Select this option in order to ADD a new animal to the zoo's database.
Select this option in order to DELETE an animal from the zoo's database.
Select and use this option in order to update or alter the characteristics of an existing animal in the zoo.


Posted by Chengcen on March 27, 2016
Posted by Chengcen on March 26, 2016
Posted by Chengcen on March 23, 2016
Posted by Chengcen on March 22, 2016
Posted by Chengcen on March 21, 2016


Want to login and view your gym or sign up to one?
Want to sign your gym up for clients to find?
If your a trainer login with the credentials provided by your Gym operator


Lifelong readers start at home.
Cover to Cover is a personalized reading journal for K-8 readers. With a free account, children and young-adults can track their progress, earn motivating achievements, and get personalized book recommendations to keep the pages turning. We think everyone should have the chance to fall in love with books!


This driver interfaces SciDB for accessing two-dimensional arrays. Detailed instructions can be found at https://github.com/appelmar/scidb4gdal.
Syntax: 'SCIDB:array=%arrayname%[ host=%hostname%][ port=%portnumber%][ user=%username%][ password=%password%]
where:
The driver offers experimental support for copying GDAL datasets. You can use gdal_translate to try this out.
The driver does not support building overviews.
$ gdalinfo "SCIDB:array=chicago"Output:
Driver: SciDB/SciDB array driver Files: none associated Size is 699, 929 Coordinate System is `' Origin =<PHONE_NUMBER>00000000000,4631220.000000000000000) Pixel Size = (10.000000000000000,10.000000000000000) Corner Coordinates: Upper Left ( 444655.000, 4631220.000) Lower Left ( 444655.000, 4640510.000) Upper Right ( 451645.000, 4631220.000) Lower Right ( 451645.000, 4640510.000) Center ( 448150.000, 4635865.000) Band 1 Block=699x929 Type=Int32, ColorInterp=Undefined
See Also:


Topics
Reading
Videos
Statistical Concepts
Using Jamovi
Discussion
- Ask at least one question you had about what was covered this week.
- Make an attempt to answer at least one of the questions posted in the discussions.
- Other questions or problems about this week's material? (Read the discussion material to see if it's been answered already before posting a new question.)
Assignments
- Complete the week 13 RStudio assignment.
- Download the Week13.zip file from the link at the bottom of the page.
- Put the zip file in the folder where you want to keep your work for this course.
- Extract the files.
- Open RStudio.
- Open the project file by going to File - Open File... and navigating to the extracted folder and selecting the Week13.Rproj file.
- Click on the Files tab in the bottom right pane in RStudio if it's not already showing.
- You should see the files in the extracted folder.
- Click on the Week13.Rmd file.
- It should open in the top left pane in RStudio.
- Follow the instructions in the document to complete the assignment.
- You will learn how to explore a data set using RStudio.
- Turn in R notebook and Jamovi omv files with exercises.
Quiz
- Complete the online quiz. (unlimited attempts)
Data sets


They all should be rainbowcolored from red (top) to blue (bottom), have a blue background, yellow axes and have the same sin wave shape.
They all should have: rainbowcolored dots from red (top) to blue (bottom), blue background, yellow axes and have the same sin wave shape.
Those should be barcharts. They all should have a blue background and are sin wave shaped. They all should look the same. High bars should be red, negative bars should be blue.


Please open https://pebble-notes.appspot.com/ (or goo.gl/6U5Zxn) in your browser and login there to obtain your passcode.


 MODERN WORKWEAR SILHOUETTES UNITED WITH FEMALE-CENTRIC TRADITIONS OF QUILTING, MENDING, AND APPLIQUÉ SHAPE THE COLLECTIONS. EACH PIECE TELLS A STORY AND IS TAILOR-MADE.
the designer
EMILY BODE WAS THE FIRST FEMALE DESIGNER TO SHOW AT NYFW: MEN’S. SHE’S PAVING THE WAY FOR WOMEN ENTREPRENEURS IN THE MENSWEAR INDUSTRY. THE BRAND BEGAN WITH A COLLECTION OF ONE-OF-A-KIND GARMENTS COMPOSED ENTIRELY OF ANTIQUE TEXTILES AND CONTINUES TO REINVIGORATE AMERICAN MENSWEAR THROUGH THE ART OF STORYTELLING.
from the latest collection
Aquamarine Kantha Quilt Jacket
Bode Sweetheart Tee
Navy Star Applique Bowling Shirt
Purple Checkerboard Rugby Shorts
Big Appenzeller House Shoe
Wakefield British Columbia Puffer Jacket
Black Suede House Shoe
Balloon Striped Shorts
Floral Canopy Shirt
Suede Shirt Jacket
Cutout Nine-Patch Quilt Jacket
Tiger Stripe Shorts
The Bode flagship store is located in Chinatown, New York. The store stocks a selection of one-of-a-kind garments made from historical and domestic textiles in menswear silhouettes, along with a selection of pieces from Bode's collections. Bode's store was designed by Green River Project LLC, who imagined a space akin to an old American modernist hotel lobby.
Open daily 11am-7pm
58 Hester Street New York, NY 10002<PHONE_NUMBER>To schedule a private or virtual appointment, please email 58hester@bodenewyork.com


The width of each book represents the page numbers.
The height of each book represents the average ratings by Goodreads users.
The height of overlayed rectangle is the age of the author at original publication.
Genre (Fiction & Nonfiction) is color-coded, in green and red respectively.
Books by woman authors are filled with diagonal lines, man authors are solid.
The New York Times best sellers are tagged with a star.
Translated books are highlighted with a triangle on the top left edge.
Datasets
The title and author (including translator and or editors) of best books are manually scrapped from the New York Times articles.
Meta information of each book (incl. page numbers, ratings, publishers) and author (incl. gender, birth and death dates) is acquired with Goodread APIs or parsed from Goodreads pages. Some missing information is added later manually.
The dataset till 2016 books was generated on July 15, 2017; For 2017 books on December 21, 2017; For 2018 books on November 29, 2018; For 2019 books on December 02, 2019; For 2020 books on


News story
A new poll indicates that traineeships can give young people the skills and work experience to help them get a job.
The ICM Research survey shows that providing opportunities for young people to develop their interview skills and get some work experience under their belts, could help them secure employment.
Over half (59%) of the employers polled said they had hired young people into entry level positions in the last five years, with 54% of these saying this was because the young recruit had prepared well for the interview.
Furthermore, 2 in every 5 of all employers surveyed said they would be more likely to recruit a young person or school leaver who had done at least 6 weeks’ high quality work experience.
Traineeships were launched last year to help young people improve their employability prospects and unlock their potential. A traineeship provides the work preparation training, work experience and support with English and maths skills needed to get an apprenticeship or other job. They are delivered by training organisations with the content tailored to the needs of the business and individual.
The study also suggests the introduction of traineeships could even encourage employers to create more jobs for young people. Almost half (49%) of employers polled would consider creating a brand new role for a young person that impressed them during a work experience placement.
Skills and enterprise minster, Matthew Hancock commented:
Creating more opportunities for young people to gain experience and confidence is crucial if we want to help them secure employment. Traineeships could be the difference which gives these young people their first break, unlocking their potential and giving them the work experience employers are looking for.
However, it’s not just about work experience, the work preparation training offered through the traineeship such as CV writing and interview skills, together with English and maths, is of equal importance. It’s all part of our long term economic plan to help young people reach their potential.
The poll also provides employer insight into the other ways traineeships can help young people improve their chances of securing work. It finds:
Hundreds of employers, including the BBC, BT, Hollies Day Nursery, Port of Tilbury, Siemens and Virgin Media have already committed to helping young people through the Traineeship programme.
Employers can find out how they can take on their first trainee and help develop talented young people with the practical skills they need for the workplace.
Published: 11 April 2014
From: Skills Funding Agency
Part of: Further education and training


Clint McKenna
February 23rd, 2023
Similar beliefs can strengthen group identity and prevent reevaluation of one's own values
Hosting controversial speakers on campus is important as it encourages free speech and allows campus communities to express their constitutional rights
vs.
Universities should not give platforms to discriminatory or problematic speakers, as this often hurts marginalized groups


Voice Sample Login
This is the Voice Sample page. To try our Voice widget, please click the button below.
😀
To try Voice Widget, please click the icon


val type: CopyrightType
The type of copyright: C = the copyright, P = the sound recording (performance) copyright.
type - The type of copyright: C = the copyright, P = the sound recording (performance) copyright.
type


Details
It is for our benefit to
guarantee you the best service. Therefore personal service is common
thing for Wemax Group GmbH & Co.KG company. Contact us by telephone or
e-mail and make sure that our team is competent. Director: Max Wegner
Location: Wemax Group GmbH & Co.KG Französische Straße 12 10117 Berlin
Germany E-Mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Our site contains links to
third party websites. We are not responsible for the privacy policies,
practices and/or content of these web sites. Their use is at your own
risk.


A component and related directive to simplify nesting of forms. Forms can also be nested within nested forms. They can be integrated in 2 simple steps:
ControlValueAccessor
or Validator
)exportAs
property in the component's decorator
NgForm
via a ViewChild
orParentForm
directive on the parent form, i.e. the element with the formGroup
directive
or-nested-form
componentformGroup
to the or-nested-form
component's nestedForm
input using
the exportAs
property.
orParentForm
directive on the form
elementor-nested-form
componentNgForm.control
to the or-nested-form
component's nestedForm
input
using the exportAs
property.


WHAT WOMEN WANT A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 2000 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): *** 1/2
So men, what could you do if you could read women's minds? And women, wouldn't it be wonderful if your guy knew what you really wanted rather than what he incorrectly thought you wanted?
In WHAT WOMEN WANT, director Nancy Meyers, working from a stellar script by Josh Goldsmith and Cathy Yuspa, creates the perfect Christmas gift for holiday viewers. As a comedy, it is side-splittingly funny with laughs so big that you'll have to see it again to hear all of the lines. As a love story, it is infectiously romantic, with great songs ("I've Got You Under My Skin") and some old-fashioned "making out" with wonderful kissing. And as a touching drama, it has tender, poignant moments that are completely honest. Wrapped by cinematographer Dean Cundey with lush colors, the gift is so carefully conceived and executed that we almost feel compelled to send Paramount Pictures a Thank You card.
As the story opens, we meet playboy Nick Marshall (Mel Gibson), a man's man who has no problem embarrassing his female office staff with lewd jokes. He is Mr. Suave, and, after years of being "the king of the T&A ads," for the advertising agency in which he works, Mr. Ultra Confidence is about to be promoted to Creative Director.
Or he was, until the agency's head, Dan Wanamaker (Alan Alda), decided that they needed a woman to better understand the female market.
Given a homework assignment by Darcy, Nick applies nail polish, performs hot wax exfoliation and tries on pantyhose in order to understand what women think about the products that they use. With sweetly humorous displays of physical comedy in this cross-dressing scene, Gibson reels in any audience members not yet under his spell. Our audience went wild during this sequence, which turned out to be but one of many amazing scenes.
One memorable moment occurs when Nick, alone in his Chicago penthouse, begins to lip-synch while doing a Fred Astaire-style dance number, complete with black hat. Gibson is nothing short of incredible in his part.
A shock to Nick's system gives him the ability to read women's minds. At first, this scares the daylights out of him. He learns, for example, not to go near a cosmetics counter of a department store, lest the cacophony of sounds come close to exploding his brain. It's frightening to hear the mental put-downs of his co-workers. He becomes so gun-shy and fearful that he seems to be hyperventilating. His "gift" for eavesdropping becomes a near death experience for him.
Nick's old analyst, Dr. Perkins (Bette Midler), first recognizes the possibilities of his new powers. "If men are from Mars and women are from Venus, you speak Venusian," she tells him. This, she concludes, means that "You can rule."
Sure enough, rule is exactly what he does. But he becomes somewhat of a benevolent ruler, who sees what he can do for everyone from his estranged 15-year-old daughter to the suicidal nerd, a self-described "geek in the glasses," who is a poorly treated messenger in his office. Mainly, however, he believes that he can use his newfound abilities to steal Darcy's job, which he thinks rightly belongs to him. With a she's-going-down attitude, he runs circles around her by expropriating her ideas after she thinks them. Of course, along the way, they fall in love, complicating his plans. Hunt's performance, while not quite at Gibson's level, is extremely likeable. The great chemistry between them is one of the show's many delights.
Nick's mind-reading abilities make him a lover straight out of Cosmopolitan. He knows exactly what women want in bed.
As Mr. Personality, every woman in the office starts coming to Nick for advice. Gibson turns the charm on the audience as well. With or without the ability to read women's minds, I predict that most women will leave the theater totally in love with Gibson after this performance. To be fair, many already are.
Comedies aren't normally good at character development. Romantic comedies are better but they usually only flesh out the two leads. Since the writers in WHAT WOMEN WANT are able to have every minor characters share their innermost thoughts with us, we get to know and care about characters who have only minuscule screen time. One of the best of many small subplots concerns the aforementioned messenger. We sympathize with her plight, even if she has only a few lines. The writers milk them for the emotional equivalent of heavy cream.
The film goes down as smoothly as a glass of Christmas eggnog. The only complaint possible is that it is such a heart-warming story that you don't want it to stop. But stop it does with an ending as satisfying as the rest of the picture. This is a movie in which it's easy to fall in love.
WHAT WOMEN WANT runs 2:06 but feels a half-hour shorter. It is rated PG-13 for sexual content and language and would be fine for teenagers.
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Web: http://www.InternetReviews.com
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


{% extends "hunt/layout.tmpl" %} {% block content %}
This event is optional: your team is free to not participate and will still be able to complete the hunt. Participation will reward 100 JUICE in every round.
Register at most 1 member of your team here. If you register more, we will randomly select 1 member of your team to participate. You can un-register by re-submitting the same name and email combination. We will be using Discord so if you are new to using Discord, check out our guide!
{% if data %}Your team has {{ data|length }} registration{{ data|length|pluralize}}:
| {{ reg.name }} |
No one from your team has registered for this event yet.
{% endif %} {% if new_registration %}Thanks for registering! This is a one-time message that only shows up when you register, so make sure to write it down.
This is the invite link to this event's Discord: https://discord.gg/vuukSgxknj
{% endif %} {% if error %}{{ error }}
{% endif %} {% endblock %}


This is a simple prototype of a website aimed at helping people work more efficiently by communicating with one another about common tasks they have to solve. Our users can organize groups with different users and tasks and can communicated with one another related to these tasks. If you are interested in using our website, please click the registration button to create a new account or click the login button to sign in with an existing accout.


Tornadoes prediction Model
This is a Machine Learning model for predicting the loss from Tornadoes
all you need is to input some parameters and get the prediction.
Map
Select a state by clicking it
Then fill the form and press the button submit.
Christos Charmatzis
Data Scientist/ GIS Specialist


Social Media Finds Old ‘Racist’ Tweets From Reporter Who Accused Charles Barkley of Threatening Her (PICS)
by Darrelle LincolnSocial media is truly undefeated.
On Tuesday night, Charles Barkley started to receive a wave of backlash after an Axios reporter posted on Twitter that the NBA Hall of Famer told her, “I don’t hit women but if I did I would hit you.”
Alexi McCammond said Barkley made that comment after she asked for clarification over which Democratic presidential candidate he supports ahead of the 2020 race.
Turner Sports PR would soon release an apology on behalf of Barkley, saying the statements he made were “inappropriate and unacceptable.”
Alexi responded to that apology and that’s when other Twitter users began calling her out for past racist-like tweets she has to delete.
Here are a few:


Class Tween<T>
Extension of the tween class allowing specifying the type of the property's value ranges.
Inheritance
System.Object
Tween<T>
Implements
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.INotifyCompletion
Inherited Members
Tween.Run<T>(String, Object, String, T, T, Single, Single, Int32, Func<Single, Single>, AnimationWrapMode, Action<Tween>)
Tween.Run<T>(String, Object, String, T, T, Single, Single, Func<Single, Single>, AnimationWrapMode, Action<Tween>)
Tween.Run<T>(String, Object, String, T, Single, Single, Int32, Func<Single, Single>, AnimationWrapMode, Action<Tween>)
Tween.Run<T>(Object, String, T, T, Single, Single, Int32, Func<Single, Single>, AnimationWrapMode, Action<Tween>)
Tween.Run<T>(String, Object, String, T, T, Single, Single, Int32, AnimationCurve, AnimationWrapMode, Action<Tween>)
System.Object.Equals(System.Object)
System.Object.Equals(System.Object, System.Object)
System.Object.GetHashCode()
System.Object.GetType()
System.Object.MemberwiseClone()
System.Object.ReferenceEquals(System.Object, System.Object)
System.Object.ToString()
Assembly: UnityExt.Core.dll
Syntax
public class Tween<T> : Tween, INotifyCompletion, IStatusProvider, IStatusProvider<StatusType>, IProgressProvider
Type Parameters
| Name |
Description |
| T |
Type of the target's property.
|
Constructors
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Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, T, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, T, Single, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, float p_duration, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, T, Single, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, T, Single, AnimationWrapMode, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationWrapMode p_wrap, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| AnimationWrapMode |
p_wrap |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, T, Single, AnimationWrapMode, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationWrapMode p_wrap, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| AnimationWrapMode |
p_wrap |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, T, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, Single, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, float p_duration, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, Single, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, Single, AnimationWrapMode, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationWrapMode p_wrap, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| AnimationWrapMode |
p_wrap |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, Single, AnimationWrapMode, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationWrapMode p_wrap, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| AnimationWrapMode |
p_wrap |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(Object, String, T, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, T, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, T, Single, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, float p_duration, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, T, Single, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, T, Single, AnimationWrapMode, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationWrapMode p_wrap, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| AnimationWrapMode |
p_wrap |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, T, Single, AnimationWrapMode, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationWrapMode p_wrap, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| AnimationWrapMode |
p_wrap |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, T, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_from, T p_to, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_from |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, Single, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, float p_duration, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, Single, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, Single, AnimationWrapMode, Func<Single, Single>)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationWrapMode p_wrap, Func<float, float> p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| AnimationWrapMode |
p_wrap |
|
| System.Func<System.Single, System.Single> |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, Single, AnimationWrapMode, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, float p_duration, AnimationWrapMode p_wrap, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| System.Single |
p_duration |
|
| AnimationWrapMode |
p_wrap |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Tween(String, Object, String, T, AnimationCurve)
Declaration
public Tween(string p_id, object p_target, string p_property, T p_to, AnimationCurve p_easing = null)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.String |
p_id |
|
| System.Object |
p_target |
|
| System.String |
p_property |
|
| T |
p_to |
|
| UnityEngine.AnimationCurve |
p_easing |
|
Properties
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
from
Get/Set the starting value of the animation.
Declaration
public T from { get; set; }
Property Value
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
property
Declaration
public string property { get; }
Property Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.String |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
target
Declaration
public object target { get; }
Property Value
| Type |
Description |
| System.Object |
|
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
to
Get/Set the final value of the animation.
Declaration
public T to { get; set; }
Property Value
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
tween
Returns the interpolator cast to the desired data type manipulation. If a not matching type is used, null is returned.
Declaration
public PropertyInterpolator<T> tween { get; set; }
Property Value
Methods
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
CanTweenStartInternal()
Called when tween is ready to start
Declaration
protected override bool CanTweenStartInternal()
Returns
| Type |
Description |
| System.Boolean |
|
Overrides
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Restart()
Restarts the tween from scratch.
Declaration
|
Improve this Doc
View Source
Restart(Boolean)
Restarts the tween continuing from the current property value.
Declaration
public void Restart(bool p_continue)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Boolean |
p_continue |
Flag that tells if the property will keep going from its current value.
|
|
Improve this Doc
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RestartStep()
Restarts the current execution step.
Declaration
public void RestartStep()
|
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RestartStep(Boolean)
Restarts the current execution step.
Declaration
public void RestartStep(bool p_continue)
Parameters
| Type |
Name |
Description |
| System.Boolean |
p_continue |
Flag that tells if the property will keep going from its current value.
|
Implements
System.Runtime.CompilerServices.INotifyCompletion


[1]
Great Picture; Very Poor Sound
[2]
Nothing good; Everthing...its a terrible company. BEWARE!!!!!!!!!
[3]
Picture quality, customization, black levels; Delay between switching from 720p to 480i


Former No. 4 Tomas Berdych announces retirement from tennis
LONDON (AP) - Former Wimbledon runner-up Tomas Berdych has announced his retirement from tennis.
Berdych confirmed the decision at the ATP Finals on Saturday, having hinted on social media this week that reports about his retirement were accurate.
The 34-year-old Czech reached the 2010 Wimbledon final, beating Roger Federer and Novak Djokovic along the way before losing to Rafael Nadal.
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He also reached the semifinals at least once at each of the other three Grand Slams and earned 13 career titles, with a career-high ranking of No. 4.
However, he hasn’t played since losing in the first round of the U.S. Open in August and is currently ranked 103rd.
More AP Tennis: https://www.apnews.com/apf-Tennis and https://twitter.com/AP_Sports
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{% include "includes/account-name-number.html" %}Available apprenticeship funds
Your current balance is:
£5,000
on 27th August 2017
We can help you understand how much you have to spend on apprentices by forecasting your potential funding over the next couple of years.
All we need is an estimate of your payroll and our forecasting tool will use that and information about your committed spending to work out how much you might have to spend.


MUCH ADO ABOUT NOTHING A film review by Gregory N. Bond Copyright 1993 Gregory N. Bond
Starring: Kenneth Branagh, Emma Thompson, Denzel Washington, Keanu Reeves, Richard Briars, Brian Blessed, Michael Keaton, Ben Elton. Director: Kenneth Branagh Script: Some bloke named Shakespeare.
[Probably old news to many, but it's just opened here]
I went into MUCH ADO with very high expectations. Branagh's previous Shakespeare project (HENRY V) was a wonderful movie, and the reviews I had seen about MUCH ADO were uniformly good (the best set of reviews I'd ever seen for a film).
I came out knowing that every one of those rave reviews was right on the money. This is the best film I have seen in years.
MUCH ADO is the story of two pairs of lovers, the young and innocent Claudio and Hero (two good-looking nobodies with very few lines) and the older, sharp-tongued and cynical Baldick and Beatrice (Branagh and Thompson). There is celebration, betrayal, revenge, and weddings.
The dialog crackles and fizzes (as would be expected given the author), with quips, puns, one-liners and razor-sharp wit flowing faster than I could follow. This is a *very* funny film despite being in somewhat archaic language.
The cast does a magnificent job. Chief among them are of course Branagh and Thompson. Both have such fluency with the style and such assured delivery that the antiquity of the language isn't even noticed. Branagh in particular shows an excellent sense of comedy in both his acting and direction. There is a long sequence when he is hiding in the garden eavesdropping on a conversation, that is almost Keystone Cops.
The remainder of the cast does an excellent job, also handling the language well. Some interesting casting puts Denzel Washington and Keanu Reeves as half-brothers, and all actors use their own (American or English) accents, but the overall result is still consistent and reputable.
The cinematography is just fabulous. The whole film was shot on location at a Monastery in Tuscany, and it looks just superb. The soundtrack could be criticised for a lack of period relevance and being at times quite overpowering, but it is none the less effective. A number of lute and voice songs are woven into the story in a very effective manner.
Overall, this film is simply a delight. Run, don't walk, to your nearest cinema and see it on the big screen. It's worth every penny of the AU$10 you will pay.
Greg. -- Gregory BondBurdett Buckeridge & Young Ltd Melbourne Australia
.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


How exactly is machine learning used in recommendation engines?
Before diving into the detail, I would like to say that Collaborative Filtering algorithms are inherently based on similarity metrics, whether it’s in user/item space (as in neighbourhood models) or latent space (as in factor models). To answer the main question “where do ML techniques are used in recommendation engines”, I would like to answer for various recommender system models with some examples
Content Based Recommendation (CBR):
CBR provides personalized recommendation by matching user’s interests with description and attributes of items. For CBR, we can use standard ML techniques like Logistic Regression, SVM, Decision tree etc. based on user and item features for making predictions for eg: extent of like or dislike. Then, we can easily convert the result to ranked recommendation
Collaborative filtering (CF)
Neighborhood models** are heuristics based models which uses similarity metrics, for eg : pearson similarity, cosine similarity, for finding similar users and items. It is based on, very reasonable, heuristic that a person will like the items that are similar to previously liked items. Rating prediction in item based neighborhood models is given by weighted average of ratings on similar items as shown below
where, is a set of k items that are similar to i and rated by the user ; is a similarity function (cosine or pearson correlation). As there is no learning involved in above equation, any ML guy will say that this sucks (although it works pretty well in practice). So, in a quest of 1 million bucks (Netflix challenge), some smart people (Yehuda Koren et al.) thought about it and reformulated it as
Now any ML guy will say “Ohhh wait, it looks like linear regression with * as *parameters”. Now the ML guy is happy :).
So, Instead of using ad-hoc heuristic based to weight the ratings, now the weights, , are learned. Note that, it was crucial in winning Netflix prize. This is just an instance, out of many, of ML in recommendation.
Matrix Factorization learns user and item latent factors ( an ) by minimizing reconstruction error on observed ratings. Formally, in an optimization framework it is given as
First of all, when there is an optimization technique involved, it’s definitely a ML thing. Let’s make this more clear by converting it to our own favorite Linear regression problem. So if you fix any one of the latent factor, say , then it becomes linear regression on . This way of optimization is well known in literature as ALS(alternating Least Squares). Again, ML guy who knows linear regression is very happy :).
Bayesian ML people, who not only want point estimates but also uncertainty of the estimates, will reformulate the same problem into probabilistic setting and learn in their own bayesian way. For detail refer to the paper.
Similarly, neural network guys have used Restricted Boltzmann machine for rating prediction (this was also crucial in winning Netflix challenge). For detail refer to the paper .
Machine learning and Cold Start
Cold start is a situation when a recommender system doesn’t have any historical information about user or item and is unable to make personalized recommendations. Cold start is the worst nightmare of any recommender system researcher. So one way to deal with cold start is eliciting new user’s preferences via initial interview. However, interview based elicitation is not useful as user often get bored when they are asked a series of questions. Now, ML guy can use his decision tree knowledge to learn a model that smartly chooses a minimum set of the question while learning user’s preference.
Furthermore, there is a vast literature on Learning to rank for recommendation. Although, Learning to rank shares DNA with Information retrieval, its more ML technique.
In a nutshell, Machine learning is very common in recommendation algorithms. Hence, the use of ML in recommendation solely depend upon your objective and reformulating the problem into your favorite ML algorithm (smart people, sometimes, come up with revolutionary new learning algorithms!!! ).


--- layout: post title: LUSH Veganese conditioner tags: - Lush status: publish type: post published: true meta: _edit_last: '2' _graphene_slider_img: global _graphene_slider_imgurl: '' _graphene_show_addthis: global _aioseop_description: LUSH Veganese conditioner _aioseop_keywords: LUSH Veganese conditioner, LUSH Veganese conditioner review, LUSH review, conditioner review _aioseop_title: LUSH Veganese conditioner review _yoast_wpseo_linkdex: '0' _thumbnail_id: '893' --- My first LUSH purchase included this conditioner. Neither I am a vegan nor did I any such thought while purchasing this product. My only requirement was a conditioner that does not weigh down my hair, and SA suggested me this. Price: Rs. 400 for 100gm Shelf life: 14 months Product boasts of : Lavender and lemon all-round conditioner for all hair types. Our vegan customers have quite enough to put up with without having rough, dull, tangled hair. The majority of Lush products are vegan, but making a vegan conditioner without lanolin (from sheared sheep's wool) took us a few years. Absolutely refusing to be beaten, Helen Ambrosen finally found a formula that reached her high standards, using agar seaweed gel as a hair softener with lavender and lemons for shine. It's an effective conditioner for you to use. Vegans and everyone with fine hair should choose this one and stick with it. Product contains: What I like about the product:


The chemical diversity and known safety profiles of drugs already tested in humans makes them a valuable set of compounds to explore potential therapeutic utility in indications outside those originally targeted. This practice of “drug repurposing” has become commonplace in academic and other non-profit drug discovery efforts, with the appeal that significantly less time and resources are required to advance a candidate into the clinic. This is especially the case in phenotypic and other cell-based screens in which this collection is being screened against a large number of known and novel targets in parallel.
Here we report a comprehensive open-access, drug repositioning screening set of 12,000 compounds (termed ReFRAME) that was assembled by combining three widely-used commercial drug competitive intelligence databases (Clarivate Integrity, GVK Excelra GoStar and Citeline Pharmaprojects), together with extensive patent mining of small molecules that have been dosed in humans. To date ~12,000 compounds (~80% of compounds identified from data mining) have been purchased or synthesized, and subsequently plated for screening.


As I was browsing the internet this morning, I noticed a new discussion has been posted on the Vodcasting and Flipped Class Network. It was a forum post by Greg Green, principal of Clintondale High School in the metro-Detroit area. With all of the work I’ve done with building a flipped class, this quickly stood out to me and I immediately began reading in earnest.
Some background: Greg’s school is 72% free and reduced lunch and has a minority base of 65% African American and 35% Caucasian in the school. He didn’t provide many details about the project in his original post, so I wrote him an e mail. I mentioned that I had done some presenting on the flipped class and that I was curious to hear about the decision making process that was involved in deciding to flip the entire school in one go. Here’s what Greg had to say in his response:
We actually developed a pilot class in Government/Economics with our most at-risk students. This class flipped and we kept a less at-risk class more traditional. At the end of the pilot we found the at-risk class outperformed the regular class. We used the same teacher and the same assessments. Every student did every assignment!! Next we decided to flip our most at-risk group of students…9th grade. Within our 9th grade we have reduced our failure rate in ELA by 33%, Math 31% Science 22% and SS 19%.
This is evidence of the flipped classroom at its best. Greg has given the support to teachers to make an effective change in a difficult situation. He went on to say:
With our flip, I have found that the flip classroom aligns our school resources with our students needs. In a traditional school, we ask students to process, inquire and develop their skills outside of class. However, with an at-risk student how do they do that[?] So it was pretty clear that we had to flip our classrooms to meet the needs of our students.
This is a man I want to meet. Greg understands that the entire purpose of education is to meet the needs of the students, not to have comfortable, routine-driven teachers.
One of my biggest questions had to do with the enormous undertaking of recording the entire curriculum for the next school year. Greg explained that the school (as a whole, cooperative unit) was “…creating screen captures as departments and automating the delivery of those captures out to our students.” Cooperation in this task is essential for effective implementation and I want to commend the entire staff for setting a great example of a functional, cohesive school working together for student growth.
For those crying out “standardization is bad!” here is some food for thought:
This keeps teachers from varying from the curriculum and allows us to effectively evaluate our learning within the classroom because our delivery of our message has not varied.
Standardization of content helps students make long-lasting connections that will lead to higher order thinking. This is a great example of standardization at its best. Teachers still have the autonomy to make their own decisions about the class, but now, the entire faculty knows what to expect from every student at the completion of every year.
Finally, if you’re thinking, “This would be great if I were in a 1:1 school, too,” this is Greg’s closing thought:
We do not have a 1:1 student to technology ratio. Technology and presentation tools have been purchased for the classrooms instead of textbooks to stay well within budget.
The money is there. The technology resources are available. All it takes is a vision for something bigger and better than what has done in the past to make significant changes in kid’s lives.
Congratulations Greg and staff of Clintondale High School. You are modeling effective education and I hope, someday, to be able to set as good an example as you.
If you’re interested in finding out more about Greg and Clintondale [Flipped] High School, you can follow their journey here.
Written on May 4th, 2011 by Brian Bennett Categorized in: All Projects
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