tallylab-orbitdb-iam
TallyLab's OrbitDB plugins for Identity and Access Management
Building distributed applications (dapps) without a centralized blockchain presents significant difficulties with regard to keypair management: Storage, recovery, etc. Keypair management, ulitimately, is a UX problem - a tradeoff between security and user convenience.
Other approaches are effective but do not make it easy on the users:
- Exporting and importing highly randomized keys
- Deterministic keys based on a strong password or passphrase
Both of the above approaches rely on one or both of the following:
- The user's own diligence in terms of saving their keys and recovering them, often utilizing a third party service such as Keybase or a password manager that supports keypairs.
- The user's memory, having to recall a password or passphrase. Often times these are forgotten or simply required to be stored in the same place as the keypair itself.
To mitigate these issues, TallyLab opted to use a variant of the second approach, using a 32 byte seed to generate keys via the nacl encryption library. However, in TL, the seed is generated from highly personal, memory-based questions, similar to security questions. Each question, while seemingly knowable, combines with the others to produce a set of questions that would be very difficult for anybody else besides the primary user to know.
The answers are them summed together to create the 32 byte seed, and then passed into the TallyLab Identity Provider to allow the user to "authenticate via memory" in a reliable way.
This package does not contain the aforementioned questions and instead handles everything post-generation of the seed. Mainly, the two primary classes, TallyLabAccessController and TallyLabIdentityProvider act as glue between TallyLab and the underlying OrbitDB infrastructure.
Table of Contents
Install
The primary focus for this package is browser usage. To generate the browser libraries:
$ git clone https://bitbucket.org/tallylab/tallylab-orbitdb-iam
$ npm start
The final files will then be available in the dist/
folder:
tallylab-orbitdb-iam.min.js
(minified)tallylab-orbitdb-iam.min.js.map
(Source map for development purposes)
For a simple example, run npm run example
and open your browser to the specified URL.
Usage
This package exposes four items:
- TallyLabIdentityProvider
- TallyLabAccessProvider
- Identities (helper class from OrbitDB not normally exposed)
- AccessControllers (ditto the above)
It is used in TallyLab similarly to the following:
nacl_factory.instantiate(async (nacl) => {
const IAM = new TallyLabIAM(nacl)
const tlKeys = IAM.TallyLabIdentityProvider.keygen('thisisexactlythirtytwocharacters')
// Create an identity with the TallyLabIdentityProvider
const identity = await IAM.Identities.createIdentity({
type: 'TallyLab',
id: tlKeys.signing.signPk.toString(),
tlKeys
})
const orbitdb = await OrbitDB.createInstance(ipfs, {
AccessControllers: IAM.AccessControllers,
identity: identity
})
const rootDb = await orbitdb.kvstore('root', {
accessController: {
type: 'tallylab',
write: [identity.id]
}
})
})
Security
In order to test functionality, the automated tests intentionally expose the private signing and encryption keys for the following seeds. Thus, these should be considered fully compromised and should never be used for any users, ever.
thisisexactlythirtytwocharacters
xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx
yyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyyy
zzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzzz
Maintainers
Contributing
Development is streamlined through the make watch
command which will watch files
and generate documentation, lint, and run automated tests via the nodemon
module.
$ git clone https://bitbucket.org/tallylab/tallylab-orbitdb-iam
$ make build
The Makefile
also provides other useful commands for development such as:
$ make docs # builds jsdoc for this repo with config in .jsdoc.config.js
$ make link # lints js files using standard.js
$ make test # runs automated tests once
$ make clean # nukes node_modules and package-lock.json
$ make build # builds browser files and stores them in /dist
$ make rebuild # nukes node_modules and package-lock.json, and re-installs dependencies
Since this repo is currently closed source, Issues and PRs are only open to contributors.
Future Work
- Consider rolling security questions into this module for greater encapsulation?
- Access granting and revocation to external keys using OrbitDB instead of IPFS
License
TBD © 2019 TallyLab, LLC


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/IO.20changes.20in.203.2E4.2E2.html ---
In lean 3.4.2 the mode for subprocess pipes was changed --- in 3.4.1 pipes are binary, but in 3.4.2 they are utf-8. Is there some way to change the mode of these pipes (either before or after they are created?) I looked and couldn't see anything obvious.
are you talking about this commit: https://github.com/leanprover/lean/commit/4e16bc7192f9f32b03222142e659fa3dae4b8025#diff-6915aa5b8efa0a177a7155df746d3a21?
Probably want to ask @Keeley Hoek
Possibly? I noticed it when my lean program started behaving really oddly, and I tracked it down to a change in the release notes.
(Looks like the zulip app tricked me I to posting twice, sorry)
Hey!
By default pipes weren't binary, they were text mode. The commit referenced instead changes the behaviour of text mode pipes to properly decode utf-8 characters when writing them (and encode when reading), instead of just butchering the internal representation of each character by truncating it to the lowest 8 bits.
This behaviour is only enabled in text mode, and the function in the io namespace which opens a file descriptor handle takes an optional boolean true or false argument which specifies whether to open the handle in text (ff) or binary (tt) mode.
This isn't enabled for process pipes though --- I can't change the mode of a pipe as far as I can tell.
\
This might be more due to me abusing lean's char type, but there doesn't seem to be any byte buffer support
Ooooh, yep that sound bad. A problem will arise when lean reads a byte from a process handle with the highest bit set (i.e. non ASCII). I'm less certain about what would happen if an invalid unicode character is written...
Is that consistent with what you're seeing?
I am reading from a file and writing to a pipe, and getting unexpected results on the other end of the pipe. The text coming back is all ascii, so I am fine there
I need to head off. This isn't blocking anything, but it would be nice to figure out a workaround, esp. for future releases. Maybe something like byte-buffers (instead of just char buffers)? I don't know what the plan for lean 4 looks like either
thanks for replying so quickly btw
I work with Simon. It sounds like we're definitely not able to upgrade to Lean 3.4.2 until we find a way to send binary data from another process into Lean. We could do tricks like base64 encode the data, but for now I think we'll just stay with Lean 3.4.1 until Lean 4 is out with a C FFI.
What's the issue? I have written a lean program that reads binary data, so I think it's at least possible to get the behavior you want
here's a small demo:
$ printf "%b" '\xca\xfe\xba\xbe' > test.bin
import system.io #eval do h ← io.mk_file_handle "test.bin" io.mode.read tt, ⟨4, c⟩ ← io.fs.read h 4, trace (to_string $ char.val <$> array.to_list c) (return ()) -- [202, 254, 186, 190]
We want to read binary data from stdout on a process created by io.proc.spawn
.
Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


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EXO members act as superheroes in new CF for Lotte Duty Free
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ONE (Shooting Gallery) Starring: Kane Picoy, Jason Cairns, Autumn Macintosh, Paul Herman, Ed Lynch, Gabriell Ruvolo. Screenplay: Tony Barbieri and Jason Cairns. Producer: Wendy Cary. Director: Tony Barbieri. MPAA Rating: Not rated (could be R for profanity, adult themes) Running Time: 86 minutes. Reviewed by Scott Renshaw.
I can't imagine a thoughtful movie lover watching ONE without realizing that director Tony Barbieri -- a first-time filmmaker -- is in complete command of visual storytelling. He does things veteran directors by the score would shun out of simple fear, though they are likely the best choices for the moment. He embraces a distinctive rhythm, and lets his camera say things his characters can't say. This is neither a flash-for-flash's-sake technical show-off, nor a man content to point his lens at people while they exchange glib dialogue. ONE is a coming-out party for a director to watch.
I'd love to report that Barbieri's eye and his narrative restraint make ONE a must-see film, but it's possible to take narrative restraint to an extreme. Barbieri also co-wrote the story of two childhood friends facing turning points in their lives. Charlie O'Connell (Jason Cairns, Barbieri's co-scripter) has just been paroled from a sentence for assisting in his grandfather's suicide; Nick Razca (Kane Picoy), a one-time sure-thing baseball prospect, is living with his parents and working as a garbage collector. Charlie comes to stay with Nick while he looks for a job, but the two friends seem to have different plans for their lives. While Charlie returns to school and begins a relationship with a woman named Sara (Autumn Macintosh), Nick deals with his own feelings about his failed baseball career and the feelings of his father (Paul Herman) on the same subject.
The first thing anyone is likely to notice about ONE is that it doesn't look or move like a typical film. Barbieri tells the story of these lingering characters in lingering takes, with performances pitched at a level of quiet resignation. His preferred composition places his camera outside a doorway, with only one of the two characters involved in the scene visible at any time. It's a device he uses perhaps to excess, but he captures effectively the tension between people occupying the same room while living in different worlds. Barbieri even makes the subtly audacious choice in one scene to slowly blur the characters in a scene, pulling the focus to an object in the foreground so gradually you may just think your eyes are playing tricks on you. At virtually every moment, I was fascinated by the prospect of what Barbieri might do next.
The narrative itself, unfortunately, is not nearly so fascinating. It's not that the characters are not compelling; Barbieri and Cairns have crafted a pair of enigmatic, lived-in roles in Charlie and Nick. ONE simply suffers from a near-crippling case of "the muteds." Virtually every emotion and every confrontation isn't just writ small, it's writ to the point that you need a microscope to see it. Barbieri may have been aiming for a style that feels real, but he seems scared to death of anything that could be perceived as an emotional high point. He observes and observes and observes -- skillfully, to be sure, but from such a distance that the characters threaten to disappear at any moment. In his zeal to make ONE feel real, Barbieri doesn't allow it to feel at all.
Even with such a mega-subdued story, ONE is still strangely watchable. The naturalistic performances are good; the arc of the two main characters consistently interesting. But it's really about Barbieri's knack for using his camera to create a mood. There are many skills that make up a great director: facility with actors, pacing, and yes, setting up the right shot for the right moment. In ONE, Barbieri makes it clear that he needs little help with the latter. I can't wait for the film he makes when he masters the other two.
On the Renshaw scale of 0 to 10 quiet ones: 6.
Visit Scott Renshaw's Screening Room http://www.inconnect.com/~renshaw/ *** Subscribe to receive new reviews directly by email! See the Screening Room for details, or reply to this message with subject "Subscribe".
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@jl777c wondering if you've noticed the issue happened to EOS? Is there any chance it would happen to us, too ?
jl777c20-Sep-18 10:45 AM
which issue? the smart contract hacks or the central exchange being confused?
rrrj28820-Sep-18 10:51 AM
These two problems can be seen as one , isn't it ? Hacker created a fake token based on EOS, and funny it's also named EOS. Would this happen to us too ?
And they could use fake EOS to buy other tokens.
jl777c20-Sep-18 10:53 AM
that seems to be due to the exchange not being well coded
rrrj28820-Sep-18 10:55 AM
One more question. Is it possible for those who want to create token our ecosystem, using the same name as KMD? JUST like what happened to EOS
jl777c20-Sep-18 10:55 AM
tokens using the assets CC use a txid, they arent even a coin
rrrj28820-Sep-18 10:55 AM
Yeah.  They didn't even use smart contract
jl777c20-Sep-18 10:56 AM
it is a totally different thing
rrrj28820-Sep-18 10:56 AM
Oh I see. Thanks it's clear now
0120-Sep-18 03:34 PM
hello people. morning.
1
some user from this server is spamming via DM... do you have any kind of protocol to follow in regards to that?
^^^true :D
KomodoWorld20-Sep-18 03:36 PM
a moderator can ban him
1
Hermes20-Sep-18 03:38 PM
PM me the information
1
0120-Sep-18 03:40 PM
thank you @KomodoWorld and @Deleted User .
1
jon00820-Sep-18 05:13 PM
good day admin, what time is the submission of the draft for komodo infographic contest? thank you
Hermes20-Sep-18 05:30 PM
@jon008 I think you should ask in #komodo-team just in case , the twiitter post didn't mentioned it?
jon00820-Sep-18 05:34 PM
@Hermes yes sir i already talk to benohanlon in reddit. thank you..(edited)
1
pbca2620-Sep-18 06:03 PM
i added a new feature on atomicexplorer
it's a bit of an easter egg
to make it a bit interesting the first person to post their pub address using that feature will get 26 VRSC from me
Alright20-Sep-18 06:07 PM
Think I broke it @pbca26
Oh it worked
That's awesome
PTYX20-Sep-18 06:07 PM
Alright20-Sep-18 06:07 PM
@pbca26 is that using jl's or your implementation of KV?
There is a new kid on the block(chain) and it’s name is Equaliser (EQLI). Given the founders’ visionary plans to disrupt the global real…
2
1
1
2
CryptoHuff20-Sep-18 10:21 PM
Hello everyone! This is Crypto Piece speaking. A friend of mine is going to develop a new cryptocurrency hardware wallet. A survey is handed around to find the best price for it. It will take you less than 1 minute to complete it. https://www.surveymonkey.com/r/XN5X9BY
Web survey powered by SurveyMonkey.com. Create your own online survey now with SurveyMonkey's expert certified FREE templates.
2
ComputerGenie 👴👴👴20-Sep-18 11:13 PM
Why lie? We all know you have no friends...
1
1
crypto999921-Sep-18 12:28 AM
guys can anybody help me to update my kmd lite wallet?
do i have to uninstall the previous one, was asked during the process
pls anybody, my coins are stuck in my lite wallet and unable to send them to exchange because of the wallet issue
yorklab21-Sep-18 01:12 AM
I always uninstall old wallet.
Hermes21-Sep-18 01:21 AM
@crypto9999 the solution I proposed to you should help you understand better how the wallet works
as long as you have the seed you can enter Agama , Hyperdex or Barterdex
The seed functions as your private key , after you update the wallet you just need to enter it. If you still feel that you need to confirm you are having access to your funds after updating the wallet try installing the wallet in a second computer and access it ...or also try some other of our applications as Hyperdex or Barterdex and you will see that with the same seed you will have access to the same address in both 3 applications
2
Alecandro21-Sep-18 02:33 AM
Just took XRP profits and bought more KMD! So excited for this project to get the attention it deserves
freakbros21-Sep-18 02:43 AM
Alecandro21-Sep-18 04:42 AM
So who can tell me about what the results were in the 1M tps test?
actionslacks21-Sep-18 04:47 AM
I think they are still coordinating it.
Alecandro21-Sep-18 04:48 AM
Ahhh I thought I saw something that said it had been completed
actionslacks21-Sep-18 07:19 AM
@Alecandro check #dev-scalability
qmc21-Sep-18 11:30 AM
@cipi Hey, are you around ?
Also, could anyone point me to the git where I am supposed to make a pull request to add a new coin please ?
CHMEX21-Sep-18 11:32 AM
github.com/jl777/coins
qmc21-Sep-18 11:33 AM
Cheers
How's hyperdex coming along these days?
az21-Sep-18 11:34 AM
Hey guys, I started to wrote a wiki page about Komodo (in French for the moment https://fr.wikipedia.org/wiki/Komodo_(cryptomonnaie)). There is no English version yet however it will be nice for the visibility of the project. My written English might not be good enough to do it but if someone is interested to help, fell free to PM me. Cheers.
2
cipi21-Sep-18 12:59 PM
@qmc which coin do you want to add? can you tell me the link to the wallet source, so i can have a quick look if it is compatible?
Get to know @KomodoPlatform Start Your Own Independent Blockchain Now and Discover Unlimited Possibilities. #blockchain #cryptoconditions #Komodo
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TL;DR. ACM@UC is dedicated to a harassment-free experience for everyone.
In addition to the University of Cincinnati’s Student Code of Conduct, ACM@UC has it’s own code of conduct.
ACM@UC is dedicated to providing a harassment-free community experience for everyone regardless of gender, gender identity and expression, sexual orientation, disability, physical appearance, body size, race, ethnicity, age, religion, or computing experience or lack thereof. We do not tolerate harassment of community participants in any form. Participants violating these rules may be sanctioned or expelled from the community at the discretion of the organization executives.
Harassment includes, but is not limited to:
In addition to the anti-harassment policy, ACM@UC has an etiquette consisting of four key values.
You shouldn’t act surprised when people say they don’t know something. This applies to both technical things (“What?! I can’t believe you don’t know what the stack is!”) and non-technical things (“You don’t know who RMS is?!”).
Feigning surprise has absolutely no social or educational benefit: When people feign surprise, it’s usually to make them feel better about themselves and others feel worse. And even when that’s not the intention, it’s almost always the effect.
A well-actually happens when someone says something that’s almost - but not entirely - correct, and you say, “well, actually…” and then give a minor correction.
This is especially annoying when the correction has no bearing on the actual conversation.
If you overhear people working through a problem, you shouldn’t intermittently lob advice across the room.
This can lead to the “too many cooks” problem, but more important, it can be rude and disruptive to half-participate in a conversation.
This isn’t to say you shouldn’t help, offer advice, or join conversations. On the contrary, we encourage all those things. Rather, it just means that when you want to help out or work with others, you should fully engage and not just butt in sporadically.
At times it may be faster when you’re helping someone to jump on their keyboard and just get the task done, but that’s no way to learn.
Although at times this takes a great deal of patience for both parties, in the end, one of the best ways to learn is by doing. So, unless someone offers their keys up, let them do the driving.
Participants asked to stop any harassing behavior or asked to respect the etiquette are expected to comply immediately.
Faculty, sponsors, ACM@UC executives, and all people interacting with ACM@UC are also subject to this Code of Conduct.
ACM@UC executives may take action to redress anything designed to, or with the clear impact of, disrupting the community or making the environment hostile for any community members.
We expect community members to follow the Code of Conduct at all meetings, events, and community-related social activities.
In addition, the Code of Conduct applies to the following online media:
If someone makes you or anyone else feel unsafe or unwelcome, please report it as soon as possible. Harassment and other code of conduct violations make our community less pleasant for everyone.
You can make a report either personally or anonymously.
You can make an anonymous report here.
We can’t follow up an anonymous report with you directly, but we will fully investigate it and take whatever action is necessary to prevent a recurrence.
You can make a personal report by contacting the ACM@UC President or Vice President:
When taking a personal report in-person, an ACM@UC executive will ensure you are safe and cannot be overheard. They may involve other ACM@UC executives to ensure your report is managed properly. Once safe, we’ll ask you to tell us about what happened. You won’t be asked to confront anyone and we won’t tell anyone who you are. We’ll handle it as respectfully as possible.
Please direct any questions and feedback to an ACM@UC executive in-person, by email, or on Slack or by sending an email to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>We used the Geek Feminism Conference anti-harassment policy and the NodeSchool Cincinnati Code of Conduct as a starting point. This Code of Conduct is licensed Creative Commons Zero.
Version 1.0.0. Published August 28, 2017.


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250_MuzheZeng.py
class Solution:
def countSubgraphsForEachDiameter(self, n: int, edges: List[List[int]]) -> List[int]:
edgelist = collections.defaultdict(list)
for e in edges:
edgelist[e[0]-1].append(e[1]-1)
edgelist[e[1]-1].append(e[0]-1)
#print(edgelist)
distance = [[float("Inf") for j in range(n)] for i in range(n)]
def bfs(i):
queue = collections.deque([i])
res = distance[i]
res[i] = 0
seen = set()
seen.add(i)
cnt = 0
while queue:
cnt += 1
curLen = len(queue)
for i in range(curLen):
cur = queue.popleft()
for x in edgelist[cur]:
if x not in seen:
res[x] = cnt
seen.add(x)
queue.append(x)
return res
for i in range(n):
distance[i] = bfs(i)
#print(distance)
result = [0 for i in range(n)]
def dfs(cur, index):
if index == n:
subdistance = [distance[i][j] for i in cur for j in cur]
if subdistance and subdistance.count(1) >= 2*len(cur) - 2:
tmp = max(subdistance)
#print(cur, tmp)
result[tmp] += 1
return
dfs(cur, index + 1)
cur.append(index)
dfs(cur, index + 1)
cur.pop()
cur = []
dfs(cur, 0)
return result[1:]


| Top |
GSocketConnection is a GIOStream for a connected socket. They can be created either by GSocketClient when connecting to a host, or by GSocketListener when accepting a new client.
The type of the GSocketConnection object returned from these calls depends on the type of the underlying socket that is in use. For instance, for a TCP/IP connection it will be a GTcpConnection.
Choosing what type of object to construct is done with the socket
connection factory, and it is possible for 3rd parties to register
custom socket connection types for specific combination of socket
family/type/protocol using g_socket_connection_factory_register_type()
.
To close a GSocketConnection, use g_io_stream_close()
. Closing both
substreams of the GIOStream separately will not close the underlying
GSocket.
gboolean g_socket_connection_connect (GSocketConnection *connection
,GSocketAddress *address
,GCancellable *cancellable
,GError **error
);
Connect connection
to the specified remote address.
connection |
||
address |
a GSocketAddress specifying the remote address. |
|
cancellable |
a |
[allow-none] |
error |
Since 2.32
void g_socket_connection_connect_async (GSocketConnection *connection
,GSocketAddress *address
,GCancellable *cancellable
,GAsyncReadyCallback callback
,gpointer user_data
);
Asynchronously connect connection
to the specified remote address.
This clears the “blocking” flag on connection
's underlying
socket if it is currently set.
Use g_socket_connection_connect_finish()
to retrieve the result.
connection |
||
address |
a GSocketAddress specifying the remote address. |
|
cancellable |
a |
[allow-none] |
callback |
[scope async] | |
user_data |
user data for the callback. |
[closure] |
Since 2.32
gboolean g_socket_connection_connect_finish (GSocketConnection *connection
,GAsyncResult *result
,GError **error
);
Gets the result of a g_socket_connection_connect_async()
call.
Since 2.32
gboolean
g_socket_connection_is_connected (GSocketConnection *connection
);
Checks if connection
is connected. This is equivalent to calling
g_socket_is_connected()
on connection
's underlying GSocket.
Since 2.32
GSocketAddress * g_socket_connection_get_local_address (GSocketConnection *connection
,GError **error
);
Try to get the local address of a socket connection.
a GSocketAddress or NULL
on error.
Free the returned object with g_object_unref()
.
[transfer full]
Since 2.22
GSocketAddress * g_socket_connection_get_remote_address (GSocketConnection *connection
,GError **error
);
Try to get the remote address of a socket connection.
Since GLib 2.40, when used with g_socket_client_connect()
or
g_socket_client_connect_async()
, during emission of
G_SOCKET_CLIENT_CONNECTING
, this function will return the remote
address that will be used for the connection. This allows
applications to print e.g. "Connecting to example.com
(<IP_ADDRESS>)...".
a GSocketAddress or NULL
on error.
Free the returned object with g_object_unref()
.
[transfer full]
Since 2.22
GSocket *
g_socket_connection_get_socket (GSocketConnection *connection
);
Gets the underlying GSocket object of the connection. This can be useful if you want to do something unusual on it not supported by the GSocketConnection APIs.
Since 2.22
GSocketConnection *
g_socket_connection_factory_create_connection
(GSocket *socket
);
Creates a GSocketConnection subclass of the right type for
socket
.
Since 2.22
GType g_socket_connection_factory_lookup_type (GSocketFamily family
,GSocketType type
,gint protocol_id
);
Looks up the GType to be used when creating socket connections on
sockets with the specified family
, type
and protocol_id
.
If no type is registered, the GSocketConnection base type is returned.
Since 2.22
void g_socket_connection_factory_register_type (GType g_type
,GSocketFamily family
,GSocketType type
,gint protocol
);
Looks up the GType to be used when creating socket connections on
sockets with the specified family
, type
and protocol
.
If no type is registered, the GSocketConnection base type is returned.
g_type |
a GType, inheriting from |
|
family |
||
type |
||
protocol |
a protocol id |
Since 2.22
“socket”
property“socket” GSocket *
The underlying GSocket.
Flags: Read / Write / Construct Only


Personalised Stock Market Prediction and Suggestion
User List
Company List
{% block main%} {% endblock %}


We develop a new method for computationally tractable model reduction of large-scale chemical reaction networks using L1 regularization. We use this method to study liquid methane under the high temperature and pressure conditions that occur during shock compression, and find that CH4 decomposition can be modeled with less than 9% relative error using only 11% of reactions. This work demonstrates how L1 regularization can be leveraged to formulate chemical model reduction as a convex optimization problem, enabling efficient reduction of reaction networks involving as many as tens of thousands of reactions with minimal human intervention.
One of the overarching goals in computational materials science is the development of fast, accurate and scalable models for simulating complex chemical or materials processes. These processes can often involve thousands of molecules and tens of thousands of reactions. Thus, it is necessary to seek highly reduced models that can sufficiently describe important features of the system. We show that model reduction can be formulated as a convex optimization problem, which is computationally efficient to solve and has a single minimum, distinguishing it from many challenging high-dimensional optimization problems faced in materials science. Furthermore, L1 regularization allows us to control the tradeoff between model reduction and error via a single regularization parameter.
We apply our algorithm to a molecular dynamics simulation of high temperature and high pressure methane, under thermodynamic conditions similar to that of liquid methane undergoing shock compression. We first use bond length and duration criteria developed in previous work to derive a stochastic model of the chemical reaction network consisting of more than 2600 elementary reactions and their corresponding reaction rate coefficients. We are then able to compute the tradeoff between reduction of the network and error in the resulting stochastic model by tuning the L1 regularization parameter.
CH4 decomposition can be modeled with less than 9% relative error using only 11% of reactions. We can tradeoff between reduction and error by tuning the L1 regularization parameter λ.
Publication:
Yang, Q., Sing-Long, C. A., Reed, E. J., L1 Regularization-Based Model Reduction of Complex Chemistry Molecular Dynamics for Statistical Learning of Kinetic Monte Carlo Models. MRS Advances, doi:10.1557/adv.2016.124 (2016).


Web prototype API
Table of Contents
1 Current versions
- stable api version: v1.0
- development api version: v1.1
2 Overview
This api is versioned: Galois will endevour to keep at least the current 'stable' api and the current 'development' api around. For simplicity, the version covers the entirity of the service: it is expected, however, that most types and operations will be the same between API versions.
This document tends towards the pedantic; sorry.
3 Conventions
The URI for all operations include the version number, so
/v1.0/browse/
is the URI for the root 'browse' page. The latest 'stable' version will be located at the root, so
/browse
accesses the stable version of browse.
In the following, all URIs are relative to the api version, so
browse/
is understood to be
/v1.0/browse
for version 1.0 of the API.
One notable exception is this document: the latest version is always
/api.html
4 Terminology and concepts
Below is some of the terminology used in this document. This is intended mainly as a reference and should probably be otherwise skimmed at most.
Note that we try to avoid the term level as it is too overloaded to be useful. Task, Task Group, and Goal (to a lesser extent) are invented terms for this project, while the remainder are more-or-less standard.
- Expression
- A term in the logic. An expression has a type.
For example,
x + y
,x > y
, andvalid_rw a b c
are all expression. - Predicate
- An expression of boolean type. An
assertion is a predicate which is related to some program
point: pre-conditions, post-conditions, and loop invariants
are all assertions. For example,
x > y
is an predicate (and possibly an assertion), butx + y
is not because it does not have boolean type.We generally use the terms predicate and assertion interchangeably.
Aside: you may see assertions written elsewhere in so-called Hoare-triples:
{ x > 1 } foo { x > 2 }
which says that
foo
has a pre-condition ofx > 1
and a post-condition ofx > 2
. Some authors also use this syntax to mean that it the triple is true, that is, there exists a proof that from states matching the pre-condition, execution offoo
will result in states matching the post-condition. - Schematic variable
- A variable which is to be filled in by
gameplay. For example,
foo_I
is a schematic variable. We shall stick to the convention offoo_I
for an invariant in the functionfoo
,foo_P
for the pre-condition offoo
, andfoo_Q
for the post-condition offoo
.Note that a schematic variable typically needs to be applied to a number of expressions before it becomes an assertion. For example,
foo_I x y (w + z)
is an assertion. We call such expressions fully applied. - Assignment
- An expression defining each schematic variable under
consideration. For example,
foo_P a b == a > b foo_Q a == a = 1
is an assignment to the schematic variables
foo_P
andfoo_Q
. - Goal
- The smallest level of gameplay. A goal consists of
- a predicate termed the conclusion;
- a set of predicates termed assumptions;
- a set of definitions assigning expressions to variables; and
- a set of free variables which are disjoint from the definitions.
If a variable appears in an expression, it is one – and only one – of: a definition, a free variable, or a schematic variable.
The conclusion of a goal, and any assumption, MAY be a schematic variable.
The goal is the smallest unit of proof, and belongs to a task. A goal may be true or false under a particular assignment. The truth or falsehood of a goal under an assignment is checked by a theorem prover via the server.
Note that a schematic variable in a goal is different to both definitions and free variables. Loosely speaking, a definition is short-hand for an expression, a schematic variable is one we get to choose, while a goal must be true for any value of a free variable.
Aside: Where we need to be precise, we will write a goal using the following syntax
forall x, y. { z = x + y }[ x > 0; y > 0 ] ==> z > 0
where
x, y
are the free variables,z
is a definition with valuex + y
,x > 0
andy > 0
are assumptions, andz > 0
is the conclusion.
- Task
- A set of goals. The goals in a task may be considered
to be the constraints on an assignment: a satisfying
assignment is one which makes all goals in a task
true. Thus, a successful game session is one which finds a
satisfying assignment for a particular task.
A task is associated with a task group.
Currently a task has a single non-schematic conclusion. That is, each goal in the task but one will have a conclusion which is a fully applied schematic. There will also be a goal which has a single assumption which is the schematic pre-condition, although this may change.
The intent here is that the information in the non-schematic conclusion will filter back through the goals in the task until it reaches the goal with the pre-condition assumption. At this point, the player will have constructed a complete assignment and the task can be considered finished, assuming the assignment is satisfying.
- Task Group
- A set of tasks. Each task group has an associated
function and post-condition. Given a satisfying
assignment for each task, the server can construct
a satisfying assignment for the task group, and
the task group is termed proved.
In particular, this means that the server can construct a pre-condition for the task group's post-condition, which can then be used in later game play.
Each function has a distinguished task group, the safety task group. Proving this task group means that the function is safe to call. The over-arching verification goal is to prove this task group for all functions in the program.
The post-condition of the safety task group is the predicate
true
. - Function
- A collection of task groups. Each function is associated with a C function.
5 API v1.0
5.1 Types
Along with the primitive JSON types (bool
, int
, string
, array
,
object
({})) we have the following opaque types: GroupId,
TaskId, SchematicId, SolutionId, and GoalId
which should not be interpreted outside of the server.
In the following, we write { 'field' : Type }
to describe the JSON
object where the member 'field' is an object of type 'Type'. We write
[ Type, Type ]
for a fixed size array.
5.1.1 TypeT
A pretty-printed representation of an expression's type.
| Field | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| text | string |
5.1.2 ExprStruct
This is a set of types, differentiated by the 'type' field. For example, the following are both valid:
{ 'type' : 'lit', 'text' : '1' } { 'type' : 'app', 'id' : 'valid_rw', 'params' : ... }
| 'type' | Field | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| 'lit' | text | string | A literal |
| 'qvar' | id | int | A free variable |
| 'dvar' | id | int | A definition variable |
| 'infix' | id | string | The operator |
| prec | int | The precedence of the operator | |
| left | Expr | The left-hand side of the operation | |
| right | Expr | The right-hand side of the operation | |
| 'app' | id | string | The function being applied |
| params | array of Expr | The arguments to the function | |
| 'hole' | id | SchematicId | The id of the schematic variable |
| inputType | string | One of 'iNormal', 'iPre', 'iPost' | |
| params | array of Expr | Arguments to the schematic variable | |
| defn | Expr | (can be null) The current definition of the schematic variable |
5.1.3 Expr
This type represents an expression.
| Field | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| struct | ExprStruct | The body of the expression |
| qvars | array of int | The free variables occuring in the expression |
| dvars | array of int | The definition variables occuring in the expression |
5.1.4 FunSolution
This represents a single solution for a particular post-condition task group.
| Field | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| id | SolutionId | |
| selected | bool | Whether this solution has been selected. |
| pre | Expr | The pre-condition for this solution |
| post | Expr | The post-condition for this solution |
5.1.5 CallInfo
| Field | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| id | SchematicId | Used for both the pre- and post-condition for the function. See 'hole' in ExprStruct |
| function | string | |
| preType | array of TypeT | The type of the arugments to the pre-condition |
| postType | array of TypeT | The type of the arugments to the pre-condition |
| solutions | array of FunSolution | The solutions available for this function |
5.1.6 GoalT
This type contains information about a goal.
| Field | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| vars | array of { 'id' : SchematicId, 'type' : TypeT } | The free variables in the goal |
| defs | array of { 'id' : SchematicId, 'value' : Expr } | The definitions in the goal |
| asmps | array of Expr | The assumptions in the goal |
| asmpsBoring | array of Expr | The uninteresting assumptions in the goal |
| conc | Expr | The conclusion of the goal |
5.1.7 TaskInfo
This type contains information about a task.
| Field | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| name | { 'function' : string, 'group' : GroupId, 'name' : TaskId } | |
| inputs | array of { 'id' : SchematicId, 'params' : array of Type, 'def' : Expr } | 'def' may be null |
| calls | array of CallInfo | The function calls that occur in this task |
| goals | array of { 'id' : GoalId, 'solved' : bool, goal : GoalT } |
5.1.8 GroupInfo
This type contains information about a task group.
| Field | Type | Notes |
|---|---|---|
| group | GroupId | |
| groupPreParams | array of TypeT | The type of the arguments to the pre-condition for this task group |
| groupPostParams | array of TypeT | The type of the arguments to the post-condition for this task group |
| groupPost | Expr | The post-condition for the task group |
| groupTasks | array of [ TaskId, array of Expr ] | The tasks for this task group, along with any submitted pre-conditions |
5.2 Summary
This is the list of operations supported by the server. Parameters in URIs will be indicated using a colons (:), so
browse/:fun
can be used to access information about my_c_function
using
browse/my_c_function
Arguments not encoded in the URL are form-encoded POST arguments.
Note that all the play/
operations require the play/start
operation before they are can be used.
| URL | Arguments | Return type | Summary |
|---|---|---|---|
| browse/ | None | array of string | Returns the available functions |
| browse/:fun | 'fun' : string | array of GroupInfo | Returns information about each task group |
| posts/forget/:fun/:group | 'fun' : string, 'group' : GroupId | array of GroupInfo | Removes the given task group and returns information about each remaining task group |
| play/start/:fun/:group/:name | 'fun' : string, 'group' : GroupId, 'name' : TaskId | TaskInfo | Starts a new game session, returning information used to play that task |
| play/sendInput | 'id' : SchematicId, 'value' : string | { 'expr' : Expr, 'update' : array of GoalId } | Instantiates a schematic variable, returning the set of goals which are no longer true |
| play/dragInput | 'srcid' : GoalId, 'destid' : SchematicId | { 'expr' : string } | Returns a candidate instantiation for the given schematic variable as a string (doesn't instantiate) |
| play/finished | None | { 'finished' : bool, 'useful' : bool } | Submits the found task solution |
| play/reload | None | TaskInfo | Retrieves the task play information. |
| play/newPost | 'fun' : string, 'post' : string | { 'result' : GroupId } | Submits a new post-condition for the given function. |


This paragraph has a footnote
Move onto or click on a footnote number to edit it.
>
This example demonstrates one way to implement something like footnotes in ProseMirror. The footnotes in this editor's schema are inline nodes which contain inline content. They are drawn in the editor as numbers, but when you node-select them, they pop up a little sub-editor. Changes in this sub-editor are propagated to the outer editor, and vice versa, so that collaborative editing would work even for the footnote text.
The source code for this example can be found on github.
<


JOHN CARPENTER'S VAMPIRES
Review by Victory A. Marasigan http://www.gl.umbc.edu/~vmaras1/reviewsidx.html
"It was not scary." These are the first words that came to mind after it was over. When a movie is called _Vampires_, "not scary" aren't words that should be associated with it. But that wasn't my only gripe. John Carpenter is a name associated with cutting-edge cinema, as in the intense scares of _Halloween_, _The Thing_ and _The Prince of Darkness_, or the offbeat action of _They Live_ and _Escape From New York_. Unfortunately, the only thing that is cutting edge about _Vampires_ is the level of boredom the movie is able to reach. With an anemic plot and not-quite-kosher special effects, _John Carpenter's Vampires_ has barely enough substance to slake the thirst of even the least discerning genre fan.
The film is at first concerned with a group of roaming vampire slayers, led by James Woods, of all people.  Their method is amusingly innovative: the blood-suckers are reeled out with harpoons so they can flare up in the sun like matchsticks.
To commemorate their victory, the loutish band decorates a motel room with hookers and parties the night away. Their celebration is short-lived, however, as a master vampire named Valek ambushes and single-handedly destroys most of the team. Woods' Jack Crow and buddy Montoya (Daniel Baldwin) escape with their lives, along with a woman named Katrina (Sheryl Lee). Although the woman has been bitten, Montoya and Crow decide to keep Katrina for her psychic link to the master vampire.
The rest of the movie is concerned with the boys' hunt for Valek (Thomas Ian Griffith), a freaky Marilyn Manson-type who's on a mission that dates back 600 years. Along the way they pick up a priest named Guiteau (Tim Guinee), a character who serves pretty much the same purpose as the jittery Cpl. Upham in _Saving Private Ryan_. Some stuff happens in the middle of the movie, but I can't remember most of it, because I often found a twitching hair in the corner of the frame more interesting than what was happening on screen.
_Vampires_ finally starts to pick up about 90 minutes into the mix, as Crow, Guiteau, and Montoya assault an abandoned prison-turned vampire nest. Only then does the film begin to even resemble a Carpenter flick. But it's too little too late. We get the inevitable final confrontation, but it seems tacked on and rather anti-climactic (Come on, we're dealing with _the_ master vampire here!)
Interestingly, last summer's vampire actioner _Blade_ was derived from a comic book, and _Vampires_ from a novel, yet the latter seems more steeped in campy cheesiness than the former, a more deliberate superhero flick. Woods' Jack Crow spouts glib off-the-cuff one-liners and strolls away from exploding buildings with that oh-so-cool stride. And his motive for killing vampires? Take a wild guess. (Hint: A ______ killed his _____ when he was just a _____.)
At least _Blade_ had decent action and slick stylishness. _Vampires_ lacks even cheap thrills to mask its gossamer-thin plot. To make up for this, the movie resorts to other "shocks," such as its generally condescending attitude towards women (Crow slaps them around for the fun of it) and an overplayed contempt for religion (Crow teases Guiteau incessantly about whether his vow of celibacy has made him prone to "getting woodies.")
It can be argued that maybe I wanted too much from this movie. If not scary and gory, I wanted tense, relentless, and exhausting. _John Carpenter's Vampires_ is none of these. I can only recommended it for the hardcore Carpenter fan. For the rest of you looking for a good scare, beware: _Vampires_ is a film with no teeth.
GRADE: C-
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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| LSTS-Leisure, Sprt&Tourism Stu |
| NR |
13222 |
LSTS |
3000 |
D01 |
24M |
3.000 |
Leisure in Your Life |
|
TBA |
40 |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Victoria Dawn Shelar (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Distance Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| C |
17310 |
LSTS |
3000 |
D02 |
24M |
3.000 |
Leisure in Your Life |
|
TBA |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Jingning Ao (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Distance Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
16200 |
LSTS |
3010 |
003 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Introduction to Leisure, Sport, and Tourism Studies |
TR |
11:20 am-12:45 pm |
35 |
32 |
3 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
I-Chun Wu (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
AMG 103 |
Experiential Learning and MT Engage and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
13022 |
LSTS |
3010 |
D01 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Introduction to Leisure, Sport, and Tourism Studies |
|
TBA |
30 |
28 |
2 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Victoria Dawn Shelar (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
14752 |
LSTS |
3010 |
D02 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Introduction to Leisure, Sport, and Tourism Studies |
|
TBA |
35 |
31 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Helen J Gray (P), Sarah Hogstrom Standridge |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and MT Engage and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
14094 |
LSTS |
3150 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
Foundations of Sport Industry |
TR |
08:00 am-09:25 am |
48 |
47 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Steven G Estes (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
MC 102 |
Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
17242 |
LSTS |
3360 |
002 |
24M |
3.000 |
Camp and Camp Counseling |
MWF |
10:20 am-11:15 am |
30 |
14 |
16 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Gretchen Stevenson Campbell (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
MC 100B |
Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
12866 |
LSTS |
3380 |
D01 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Disabilities and Diversity in Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
|
TBA |
36 |
35 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Victoria Dawn Shelar (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Gerontology (Aging Studies) and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
12867 |
LSTS |
3390 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
Tourism and Commercial Recreation |
TR |
08:00 am-09:25 am |
23 |
22 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
I-Chun Wu (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
AMG 219 |
Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
15704 |
LSTS |
3530 |
002 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Program Planning in Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
TR |
09:40 am-11:05 am |
40 |
39 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Helen J Gray (P), Courtney Lynn Pruitt |
01/17-05/04 |
MC 100B |
Experiential Learning and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
15057 |
LSTS |
3540 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Facility Operations in LSTS |
TR |
01:00 pm-02:25 pm |
48 |
47 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Rita Hope Whitaker (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
MC 100B |
Experiential Learning and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
17306 |
LSTS |
3560 |
003 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Field Studies in Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
|
TBA |
15 |
8 |
7 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Steven G Estes (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Experiential Learning and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
12918 |
LSTS |
4120 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
Community Development through Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
MW |
12:40 pm-02:05 pm |
28 |
13 |
15 |
33 |
14 |
19 |
John Randall Dunlap (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
AMG 210 |
Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
14751 |
LSTS |
4250 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
The Sport Agent |
MW |
12:40 pm-02:05 pm |
65 |
28 |
37 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Jason N Hughes (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
MC 104 |
Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
12870 |
LSTS |
4470 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
Leisure and Aging |
W |
04:30 pm-07:30 pm |
25 |
10 |
15 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Victoria Dawn Shelar (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
AMG 103 |
Gerontology (Aging Studies) and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
16494 |
LSTS |
4540 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Organization and Administration of Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
MW |
12:40 pm-02:05 pm |
48 |
17 |
31 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Jingning Ao (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
MC 102 |
Experiential Learning and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
14411 |
LSTS |
4540 |
D01 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Organization and Administration of Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
|
TBA |
35 |
20 |
15 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Victoria Dawn Shelar (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
12871 |
LSTS |
4580 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
Seminar Outdoor Recreation and Environmental Issues |
TR |
08:00 am-09:25 am |
15 |
7 |
8 |
20 |
9 |
11 |
John Randall Dunlap (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
MC 100A |
Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
12872 |
LSTS |
4660 |
001 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Evaluation of Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
TR |
02:40 pm-04:05 pm |
53 |
34 |
19 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Heon Tae Kim (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
AMG 103 |
Experiential Learning and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
17110 |
LSTS |
4850 |
S01 |
24M |
3.000 |
(STUDY ABROAD) Cross Cultural Perspectives in Leisure and Tourism: Mendoza, Argentina |
|
TBA |
10 |
6 |
4 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Tony V Johnston (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Study Abroad and Global Studies-Human Diversity and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| NR |
12873 |
LSTS |
4890 |
D01 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Senior Seminar in Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
|
TBA |
40 |
21 |
19 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
I-Chun Wu (P) |
01/17-03/03 |
TBA TBA |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W |
09:10 am-10:05 am |
|
|
|
|
|
|
I-Chun Wu (P) |
01/18-01/18 |
MC 101 |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W |
09:10 am-10:05 am |
|
|
|
|
|
|
I-Chun Wu (P) |
02/01-02/01 |
MC 101 |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W |
09:10 am-10:05 am |
|
|
|
|
|
|
I-Chun Wu (P) |
02/15-02/15 |
MC 101 |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W |
09:10 am-10:05 am |
|
|
|
|
|
|
I-Chun Wu (P) |
03/01-03/01 |
MC 101 |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| C |
17576 |
LSTS |
4890 |
D02 |
24M |
3.000 |
(EXL) Senior Seminar in Leisure, Sport, and Tourism |
|
TBA |
20 |
20 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Helen J Gray (P) |
01/17-03/03 |
TBA TBA |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W |
09:10 am-10:05 am |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helen J Gray (P) |
01/18-01/18 |
MC 102 |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W |
09:10 am-10:05 am |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helen J Gray (P) |
02/01-02/01 |
MC 102 |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W |
09:10 am-10:05 am |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helen J Gray (P) |
02/15-02/15 |
MC 102 |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
W |
09:10 am-10:05 am |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Helen J Gray (P) |
03/01-03/01 |
MC 102 |
Accelerated 1 Part of term and Distance Learning and Experiential Learning and Distance Education Fee-UG and Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |
| C |
13799 |
LSTS |
4920 |
002 |
24M |
3.000 |
Independent Study in Leisure, Sport, and Tourism Studies: Recreation Therapy |
|
TBA |
1 |
1 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
0 |
Helen J Gray (P) |
01/17-05/04 |
TBA TBA |
Credit from 4-Year College and Upper-Division Work |


Subscriber
The Subscriber list of API's allows the user to subscribe and retrieve info from the pubsub node.
- Subscriber is the actual callback object interface you are required to implement to react to notifications. The only method to implement is pubsubEvent()
- pubsubService is the owner/id of the pubsub service
- node is the topic name
- itemId is a unique identifier for that event. If you re-publish an event using the same ID you will overwrite the previously published event details
- item represents the event details expressed as an XML element object
/**Subscribe to a pubsub node and provide the subscriber callback object */
public String subscriberSubscribe(Identity pubsubService, String node, Subscriber subscriber) throws XMPPError, CommunicationException;
public void subscriberUnsubscribe(Identity pubsubService, String node, Identity subscriber, String subId) throws XMPPError, CommunicationException;
public List subscriberRetrieveLast(Identity pubsubService, String node, String subId) throws XMPPError, CommunicationException;
public List subscriberRetrieveSpecific(Identity pubsubService, String node, String subId, List itemIdList) throws XMPPError, CommunicationException;
Subscribing to an event requires you to implement the Subscriber interface (refer to the GIT repository for all details):
public class PubsubTest implements Subscriber {
//SUBSCRIBE
pubSubManager.subscriberSubscribe(pubsubID, "Fortune_Cookies", this);
@Override
public void pubsubEvent(Identity pubsubService, String node, String itemId, Object payload) {
if (item.getClass().equals(FortuneCookieBeanResult.class)) {
FortuneCookieBeanResult info = (FortuneCookieBeanResult)item;
Cookie cookie = info.getCookie();
LOG.info("### Wisdom: " + cookie.getValue());
}
}


War Worlds Newsletter
If you’re interested in War Worlds, sign up for the newsletter and be notified of any major updates.
We will only email you in case of major updates (such as when access to the alpha begins) so you don’t need to worry about being spammed.


{% extends "account/base.html" %} {% load static %} {% load i18n %} {% load account socialaccount %} {% block head_title %}{% trans "Sign In" %}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
{% blocktrans with site.name as site_name %}Please sign in with one of your existing third party accounts. Or, sign up for a {{ site_name }} account and sign in below:{% endblocktrans %}
{% blocktrans %}If you have not created an account yet, then please sign up first. {% endblocktrans %}


Italian coast guard recovers seven bodies of migrants off island
Authorities said 149 migrants were rescued after the boat overturned.
by PTIItalian news reports say the coast guard has recovered the bodies of seven migrants near Lampedusa, an island south of Sicily.
The coast guard, aided by border police boats, kept us a search on November 24 of rough seas for as many as 13 other migrants feared missing after their boat capsized on November 23.
RAI state radio and the ANSA news agency, reporting from the Italian island, said seven bodies were carried ashore, including the body of a woman.
Authorities said 149 migrants were rescued after the boat overturned. Survivors told authorities that 169 had been originally aboard.
The coast guard said a private citizen alerted it on November 23 that a boat was foundering. The vessel, tossed by three-meter-(10-feet)-high waves, then overturned.
Migrants set out on unseaworthy boats launched by Libya-based human traffickers.


ISBN Search
ISBN-13:<PHONE_NUMBER>382
ISBN-10:<PHONE_NUMBER>
Authors: Chris Davis; Mike Schiller; Kevin Wheeler
Edition: 2
Binding: Perfect Paperback
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
Published: January 2011
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Package net.sf.jasperreports.engine.scriptlets
All the data displayed in a report comes from the report parameters and report fields. This data can be processed using the report variables and their expressions. Some variables are initialized according to their reset type when the report starts, or when a page or column break is encountered, or when a group changes. Furthermore, variables are evaluated every time new data is fetched from the data source (for every row).
But simple variable expressions cannot always implement complex functionality. This is where scriptlets come in. Scriptlets are sequences of Java code that are executed every time a report event occurs. Through scriptlets, users can affect the values stored by the report variables. Since scriptlets work mainly with report variables, it is important to have full control over the exact moment the scriptlet is executed.
JasperReports allows the execution of custom Java code before or after it initializes the
report variables according to their reset type: Report
, Page
,
Column
, or Group
.
In order to make use of this functionality, users need only create a scriptlet class, by extending one of the following two classes:
Any number of scriptlets can be specified per report. If no scriplet is specified for a report, the engine still creates a singleJRDefaultScriptlet
instance and registers it with the built-in REPORT_SCRIPTLET
parameter.
For each scriplet, a name and a class extending the
JRAbstractScriptlet
class must
be specified. The class must be available in the classpath at report filling time and must
have an empty constructor, so that the engine can instantiate it on the fly.
The only case when the name of the scriptlet is not required is when it is specified using
the scriptletClass
attribute of the <jasperReport>
element.
The scriptlet instance created with this attribute, acts like the first scriptlet in the
list of scriptlets and has the predefined name REPORT
.
When creating a JasperReports scriptlet class, there are several methods that developers
should implement or override, including beforeReportInit()
,
afterReportInit()
,
beforePageInit()
,
afterPageInit()
,
JRAbstractScriptlet.beforeGroupInit(String)
, and
JRAbstractScriptlet.afterGroupInit(String)
. The report engine calls these methods at the appropriate time when
filling the report.
For more complex reports containing very complicated report expressions for grouping
or displaying data, create a separate class to which you then make calls from simplified
report expressions. The scriptlet classes are ideal for this. This is because the reporting
engine supplies you with references to the scriptlet objects it creates on the fly using the
built-in <ScriptletName>_SCRIPTLET
parameters.
Scriptlet objects are not instantiated by the engine if an instance is already provided as a
value for the corresponding <ScriptletName>_SCRIPTLET
parameter, by the caller.
Another way to associate scriptlets with reports is by declaring the scriptlets globally so
that they can apply to all reports being filled in the given JasperReports deployment.
This is made easy by the fact that scriptlets can be added to JasperReports as extensions.
The scriptlet extension point is represented by the
ScriptletFactory
interface.
JasperReports will load all scriptlet factories available through extensions at runtime and will ask each one of them for the list of scriptlets instances that they want to apply to the current report that is being run. When asking for the list of scriptlet instances, the engine gives some context information that the factory could use in order to decide which scriptlets actually apply to the current report. For example, some scriptlets could look for certain report properties in the report template to see if they should be triggered or stay dormant during the current report execution.
Report Governors
Report governors are just a breed of global scriptlets that enable us to tackle the problem of infinite loops that sometimes occur during the report generation.It is known that certain invalid report templates could cause the reporting engine to enter an infinite loop at runtime, while trying to generate the reports. Such invalid report templates cannot be detected at design time, because most of the time the conditions for entering the infinite loops depend on the actual data that is fed into the engine at runtime.
We cannot anticipate that certain report templates will cause the engine to enter an infinite loop, and while within an infinite loop, there is no way for the program to know it is trapped in such a loop.
And here's where report governors become handy, because they can help deciding whether a certain report has entered an infinite loop and they can stop it, preventing resource exhaustion for the machine that runs the report.
JasperReports is shipped with two simple report governors that would stop a report execution based on a specified maximum number of pages or a specified timeout interval.
The MaxPagesGovernor
is a global scriptlet
that is looking for two configuration properties to decide if it applies or not to the report
currently being run:
net.sf.jasperreports.governor.max.pages.enabled=[true|false] net.sf.jasperreports.governor.max.pages=[integer]The
TimeoutGovernor
is also a global scriptlet
that is looking for the following two configuration properties to decide if it applies or
not:
net.sf.jasperreports.governor.timeout.enabled=[true|false] net.sf.jasperreports.governor.timeout=[milliseconds]The properties for both governors can be set globally, in the jasperreports.properties file, or at report level, as custom report properties. This is useful because different reports can have different estimated size or timeout limits and also because you might want turn on the governors for all reports, while turning it off for some, or vice-versa.
Related Documentation
JasperReports Tutorial-
Interface Summary Interface Description ScriptletFactory A factory ofJRAbstractScriptlet
instances. -
Class Summary Class Description DefaultScriptletFactory ScriptletFactoryContext


class Label : AppCompatTextView
A label of text attached to a view of the ExpandableFab widget.
Developer Notes:
Implementation Notes:
Since
1.0.0
<init> |
Used to create a Label programmatically. Clients should not need to call this directly as all labeled Views of the ExpandableFab widget already create their own labels which can be retrieved and modified (but not reassigned) as needed. Label(context: Context) |
hiddenToVisibleAnimationDurationMs |
The duration (in milliseconds as a positive long) of the animations that the Label will play when going from a hidden to visible state. var hiddenToVisibleAnimationDurationMs: Long |
labelBackgroundColor |
The color of the Label's background. Usage of this property is preferred over the inherited setBackgroundColor method. var labelBackgroundColor: Int |
labelElevation |
The elevation of the Label, in pixels as a positive float. Retrieve this value in the correct form from your dimens.xml file using: resources.getDimensionPixelSize(R.dimen.name_of_elevation_size). Usage of this property is preferred over the inherited set/getElevation methods. var labelElevation: Int |
labelText |
The text of the Label. Can be set to null to hide the label. Usage of this property is preferred over the inherited set/getText methods. var labelText: CharSequence? |
labelTextColor |
The color of the Label's text. Usage of this property is preferred over the inherited setTextColor method variations. var labelTextColor: Int |
labelTextSize |
The size of the Label's text, as a float. Retrieve this value in the correct form from your dimens.xml file using: resources.getDimension(R.dimen.name_of_text_size). Text sizes should use sp as the unit. Usage of this property is preferred over the inherited set/getTextSize methods. var labelTextSize: Float |
marginPx |
The margin (in pixels as a positive float) between the Label and the view it is attached to. Negative values are not allowed since clients should likely be changing the Label's position if they wanted to move the Label to the opposite side of the view it's attached to. var marginPx: Float |
overshootTension |
The tension (as a positive float) in an OvershootInterpolator applied on the Label when it is being shown from a hidden state. Larger values will exaggerate the effect more. var overshootTension: Float |
position |
The Label's LabelPosition, in relation to the view it's attached to. var position: LabelPosition |
translationXPx |
The distance (in pixels as a float) the Label will travel horizontally during animations. A negative value will make the Label travel to the left, while a positive value will make it travel to the right. See its use in visibleToHiddenAnimations and hiddenToVisibleAnimations. var translationXPx: Float |
visibleToHiddenAnimationDurationMs |
The duration (in milliseconds as a positive long) of the animations that the Label will play when going from a visible to hidden state. var visibleToHiddenAnimationDurationMs: Long |
onTouchEvent |
Scales the Label down when pressed, and back up when released. Gives the user some visual feedback to show that the Label was pressed. fun onTouchEvent(event: MotionEvent?): Boolean |


Software developed using top-down design is comprised of a series of subroutines. Subroutines are also called subprograms or procedures. The terms subroutine and subprogram imply a lower level process whereas the term procedure refers to its sequence of statements. The highest level routine is known as the main program. The main program contains calls to lower level subroutines. In turn these subroutines call lower level subroutines and so on.
A module, in the broader sense of the word, refers to a self-contained unit. In terms of software development, modules are groups or libraries of related subroutines designed so they can be reused both within the same application and in other applications. Programs are composed of one or more individually developed programs that are not combined until they are all linked through the program.
Modularity refers to the ability to reuse modules as a result of their independent nature.


本书pdf是文字版。
Thermoplastics - Anne-Marie M. Baker & Joey Mead
Thermosets, Reinforced Plastics, and Composites - Ralph E. Wright
Elastomeric Materials and Processes - James M. Margolis
Composite Materials and Processes - S. T. Peters
Metal Matrix Composites, Ceramic Matrix Composites, Carbon Matrix Composites, and Thermally Conductive Polymer Matrix Composites - Carl Zweben
Plastics in Coatings and Finishes - Carl P. Izzo
Plastics and Elastomers in Adhesives - Edward M. Petrie
Plastics Joining - Edward M. Petrie
Design and Processing of Plastic Parts - John L. Hull
Automotive Plastics and Elastomer Applications - James M. Margolis
Plastics in Packaging - Ruben J. Hernandez, PhD
Plastics Recycling - Susan E. Selke, Ph.D.


You must be signed in to view and modify your bookings.
Click the "SIGN IN" button in the upper right of the screen, to sign in to the app.
Haven't registered yet? Click on the "REGISTER" button to register as a new user.
You currently have no bookings.
To browse the availability of conference rooms and desks, click on the "Resources" tab.
{{booking.locationName}}
{{booking.resourceDescription}}


No daily hints in "hints" folder, located near application executable. Please, populate it with data


Ch
AUDF
AUDC
POLY
VO
VOL
1
=
=
=
5+17
5
5+4
5
17
None
4
None
2
=
=
=
5+17
5
5+4
5
17
None
4
None
3
=
=
=
5+17
5
5+4
5
17
None
4
None
4
=
=
=
5+17
5
5+4
5
17
None
4
None
AUDCTL
=
Poly:
17-bit
9-bit
Ch.1 freq.:
64 kHz
1.79 MHz (NTSC) / 1.77 MHz (PAL)
Ch.3 freq.:
64 kHz
1.79 MHz (NTSC) / 1.77 MHz (PAL)
16-bit Ch.2+1:
16-bit Ch.4+3:
Filter 1 w/ 3:
Filter 2 w/ 4:
Frequency Divider:
64 kHz
15 kHz
PLAY
STOP
RESET
RANDOM
Powered by
Web POKEY
by
Mariusz Kryński (mrk)


Forgotten your password?
Enter your email address below, and we'll email instructions for setting a new one.
{% extends "index.html" %} {% load admin_static i18n %} {% block content %}
Enter your email address below, and we'll email instructions for setting a new one.


{{_('Nowhere.')}}
{{_('None for the time being.')}}
{{_('This article is linked to the Wiki\'s Home')}}


Form Custom Validation:
show-all-on-submit
Please enter your first and last name separated by a space (e.g. Jane Miller)
Success! Thanks {{name}} for trying the
amp-form
demo! Try to insert the word "error" as a name input in the form to see how
amp-form
handles errors.
Error! Thanks {{name}} for trying the
amp-form
demo with an error response.


Including a COVID-19 live statistics comparison between Costa Rica and any other country, a license plate restriction lookup tool and a selection of articles written in english about news regarding COVID-19 and Costa Rica.
Log In Sign Up For FreeThere are some requirements that you will need to sort out prior to your arrival in Costa Rica from abroad
Most cars in Costa Rica may circulate depending on the day of the week and the license plate
As of September, all the main attractions in Costa Rica are open, but some may have limited capacity or other restrictions in place
There are two Costarrican companies that provide pre-approved travel insurance plans, National Insurance Institute (INS) and Sagicor. This insurance must be bought before reaching the immigration control at the airport.
Costa Rica's economy has been affected by the pandemic and the tourism industry has been hit hard. You may encounter hotels, tour operators or other attractions with limited staffing or closed. We strongly advice that you book your planned activities beforehand when possible.


Drexel University, Steinbright Career Development Center, 3201 Arch Street, Suite 250,<PHONE_NUMBER>, © All Rights Reserved


CULTURE
HISPANIC
90's
ACTIVEWEAR
ACTIVE WEAR
BOYFRIEND FIT
RHIANNA SHOES
RHIANNA SHOES
DATE NIGHT
DINNER OUTFITS
GETTING ALL CUTE
WEAR TO WORK
INSIDE JOBS
OUTSIDE JOBS
DENIM
JEANS
JACKETS
DRESSES
SHAKIRA x RHIANNA
MUSIC VIDEO
BTS WITH SIZE IT UP
LINGERIE
BRAS
BRALETTES
WOMEN
TWO-SETS
BATHING SUITS
JUMP SUITS
ONE PIECE
MORE
ABOUT US
LOGIN
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YOUR CART
LION KING SPECIAL
COUPONS
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5X
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M
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1X
2X
3X
4X
5X
ADD TO BAG
XS
S
M
L
XL
1X
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3X
4X
5X
ADD TO BAG
XS
S
M
L
XL
1X
2X
3X
4X
5X


THE HAUNTING OF MORELLA A film review by Ken Johnson Copyright 1992 Ken Johnson
82 min., R, Horror, 1991 Director: Jim Wynorski Cast: David McCallum, Nicole Eggert, Christopher Halstead, Lana Clarkson, Jonathan Farwill, Maria Ford, Gail Harris, John O'Leary
Seventeen years before, McCallum's wife Eggert was burned at the stake for being a witch. Eggert had a child before she died, and now she wants to take over the body of her child, also played by Eggert, so that she can live again.
THE HAUNTING OF MORELLA is one of many "adaptations" of Edgar Allan Poe's stories being released recently, which include BURIED ALIVE (r.a.m.r. #01131), THE PIT AND THE PENDULUM (r.a.m.r. #01130), and THE HOUSE OF USHER (which I haven't seen yet). This film is not part of the Harry Towers series coming over from Italy. Instead it is produced by B movie producer and director Roger Corman. On a scale of zero to five, I give THE HAUNTING OF MORELLA a three. THE HAUNTING OF MORELLA is rated R for violence, adult situations, and female nudity.
After looking through all the volumes of Edgar Allan Poe's works in my local library, I was unable to find anything called "The Haunting of Morella" or anything with the word Morella in it, or anything that sounded at all like this movie. Maybe it is based on some little-known story he did that I was unable to find. [It was based on "Morella," originally published in the "Southern Literary Magazine," April 1835, and your library should get a complete Poe. -Moderator]
Most of Jim Wynorski's films, which include TRANSYLVANIA TWIST, NOT OF THIS EARTH, DEATHSTALKER 2: DUEL OF THE TITANS, and just released SORORITY HOUSE MASSACRE 2: NIGHTIE NIGHTMARE, have a large amount of humor thrown in. That seemed to be missing from this film. That is too bad, because that is part of the fun, I feel, of watching a Jim Wynorski film.
This film is still fun to watch, and fans of modern B movie horror films will probably enjoy seeing this film. There is nothing really spectacular about this film, the special effects aren't great. The actors/actresses manage to pull off the film, although at times I wondered if some of them would make it through the film because they were not doing that good a job. I suggest that you try this film if you tend to enjoy horror films and can rent it for $2.00 or less.
Ken J<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Markus Schulz (Born 3 February 1975) is a German-American DJ and music producer based in Miami, Florida. Best known for his weekly radio show titled "Global DJ Broadcast" that airs on Digitally Imported radio, After Hours FM and other online stations.
Armin Jozef Jacobus Daniël van Buuren OON is a Dutch DJ, record producer and remixer from South Holland. Since 2001, he has hosted A State of Trance, a weekly radio show, which is broadcast to nearly 40 million listeners in 84 countries on over 100 FM radio stations.


The janitor functions expedite the initial data exploration and cleaning that comes with any new data set. This catalog describes the usage for each function.
Functions for everyday use.
clean_names()
Call this function every time you read data.
It works in a %>%
pipeline, and handles problematic variable names, especially those that are so well-preserved by readxl::read_excel()
and readr::read_csv()
.
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to oe
.# Create a data.frame with dirty names test_df <- as.data.frame(matrix(ncol = 6)) names(test_df) <- c("firstName", "ábc@!*", "% successful (2009)", "REPEAT VALUE", "REPEAT VALUE", "")
Clean the variable names, returning a data.frame:
test_df %>% clean_names() #> first_name abc percent_successful_2009 repeat_value repeat_value_2 x #> 1 NA NA NA NA NA NA
Compare to what base R produces:
make.names(names(test_df)) #> [1] "firstName" "ábc..." "X..successful..2009." #> [4] "REPEAT.VALUE" "REPEAT.VALUE" "X"
This function is powered by the underlying exported function make_clean_names()
, which accepts and returns a character vector of names (see below). This allows for cleaning the names of any object, not just a data.frame. clean_names()
is retained for its convenience in piped workflows, and can be called on an sf
simple features object or a tbl_graph
tidygraph object in addition to a data.frame.
compare_df_cols()
For cases when you are given a set of data files that should be identical, and you wish to read and combine them for analysis. But then dplyr::bind_rows()
or rbind()
fails, because of different columns or because the column classes don’t match across data.frames.
compare_df_cols()
takes unquoted names of data.frames / tibbles, or a list of data.frames, and returns a summary of how they compare. See what the column types are, which are missing or present in the different inputs, and how column types differ.
df1 <- data.frame(a = 1:2, b = c("big", "small")) # a factor by default df2 <- data.frame(a = 10:12, b = c("medium", "small", "big"), c = 0, stringsAsFactors = FALSE) df3 <- df1 %>% dplyr::mutate(b = as.character(b)) compare_df_cols(df1, df2, df3) #> column_name df1 df2 df3 #> 1 a integer integer integer #> 2 b factor character character #> 3 c <NA> numeric <NA> compare_df_cols(df1, df2, df3, return = "mismatch") #> column_name df1 df2 df3 #> 1 b factor character character compare_df_cols(df1, df2, df3, return = "mismatch", bind_method = "rbind") # default is dplyr::bind_rows #> column_name df1 df2 df3 #> 1 b factor character character #> 2 c <NA> numeric <NA>
compare_df_cols_same()
returns TRUE
or FALSE
indicating if the data.frames can be successfully row-bound with the given binding method:
compare_df_cols_same(df1, df3) #> column_name ..1 ..2 #> 1 b factor character #> [1] FALSE compare_df_cols_same(df2, df3) #> [1] TRUE
tabyl()
- a better version of table()
tabyl()
is a tidyverse-oriented replacement for table()
. It counts combinations of one, two, or three variables, and then can be formatted with a suite of adorn_*
functions to look just how you want. For instance:
mtcars %>% tabyl(gear, cyl) %>% adorn_totals("col") %>% adorn_percentages("row") %>% adorn_pct_formatting(digits = 2) %>% adorn_ns() %>% adorn_title() #> cyl #> gear 4 6 8 Total #> 3 6.67% (1) 13.33% (2) 80.00% (12) 100.00% (15) #> 4 66.67% (8) 33.33% (4) 0.00% (0) 100.00% (12) #> 5 40.00% (2) 20.00% (1) 40.00% (2) 100.00% (5)
Learn more in the tabyls vignette.
get_dupes()
This is for hunting down and examining duplicate records during data cleaning - usually when there shouldn’t be any.
For example, in a tidy data.frame you might expect to have a unique ID repeated for each year, but no duplicated pairs of unique ID & year. Say you want to check for and study any such duplicated records.
get_dupes()
returns the records (and inserts a count of duplicates) so you can examine the problematic cases:
get_dupes(mtcars, wt, cyl) # or mtcars %>% get_dupes(wt, cyl) if you prefer to pipe #> wt cyl dupe_count mpg disp hp drat qsec vs am gear #> Merc 280 3.44 6 2 19.2 167.6 123 3.92 18.30 1 0 4 #> Merc 280C 3.44 6 2 17.8 167.6 123 3.92 18.90 1 0 4 #> Duster 360 3.57 8 2 14.3 360.0 245 3.21 15.84 0 0 3 #> Maserati Bora 3.57 8 2 15.0 301.0 335 3.54 14.60 0 1 5 #> carb #> Merc 280 4 #> Merc 280C 4 #> Duster 360 4 #> Maserati Bora 8
Smaller functions for use in particular situations. More human-readable than the equivalent code they replace.
make_clean_names()
Like base R’s make.names()
, but with the stylings and case choice of the long-time janitor function clean_names()
. While clean_names()
is still offered for use in data.frame pipeline with %>%
, make_clean_names()
allows for more general usage, e.g., on a vector.
It can also be used as an argument to .name_repair
in the newest version of tibble::as_tibble
:
tibble::as_tibble(iris, .name_repair = janitor::make_clean_names) #> New names: #> * Sepal.Length -> sepal_length #> * Sepal.Width -> sepal_width #> * Petal.Length -> petal_length #> * Petal.Width -> petal_width #> * Species -> species #> # A tibble: 150 x 5 #> sepal_length sepal_width petal_length petal_width species #> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <fct> #> 1 5.1 3.5 1.4 0.2 setosa #> 2 4.9 3 1.4 0.2 setosa #> 3 4.7 3.2 1.3 0.2 setosa #> 4 4.6 3.1 1.5 0.2 setosa #> 5 5 3.6 1.4 0.2 setosa #> 6 5.4 3.9 1.7 0.4 setosa #> 7 4.6 3.4 1.4 0.3 setosa #> 8 5 3.4 1.5 0.2 setosa #> 9 4.4 2.9 1.4 0.2 setosa #> 10 4.9 3.1 1.5 0.1 setosa #> # … with 140 more rows
remove_empty()
rows and columnsDoes what it says. For cases like cleaning Excel files that contain empty rows and columns after being read into R.
q <- data.frame(v1 = c(1, NA, 3), v2 = c(NA, NA, NA), v3 = c("a", NA, "b")) q %>% remove_empty(c("rows", "cols")) #> v1 v3 #> 1 1 a #> 3 3 b
Just a simple wrapper for one-line functions, but it saves a little thinking for both the code writer and the reader.
remove_constant()
columnsDrops columns from a data.frame that contain only a single constant value (with an na.rm
option to control whether NAs should be considered as different values from the constant).
remove_constant
and remove_empty
work on matrices as well as data.frames.
a <- data.frame(good = 1:3, boring = "the same") a %>% remove_constant() #> good #> 1 1 #> 2 2 #> 3 3
round_half_up()
R uses “banker’s rounding”, i.e., halves are rounded to the nearest even number. This function, an exact implementation of https://stackoverflow.com/questions/12688717/round-up-from-5/12688836#12688836, will round all halves up. Compare:
nums <- c(2.5, 3.5) round(nums) #> [1] 2 4 round_half_up(nums) #> [1] 3 4
round_to_fraction()
Say your data should only have values of quarters: 0, 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, etc. But there are either user-entered bad values like 0.2
or floating-point precision problems like 0.25000000001
. round_to_fraction()
will enforce the desired fractional distribution by rounding the values to the nearest value given the specified denominator.
There’s also a digits
argument for optional subsequent rounding.
excel_numeric_to_date()
Ever load data from Excel and see a value like 42223
where a date should be? This function converts those serial numbers to class Date
, with options for different Excel date encoding systems, preserving fractions of a date as time (in which case the returned value is of class POSIXlt
), and specifying a time zone.
excel_numeric_to_date(41103) #> [1] "2012-07-13" excel_numeric_to_date(41103.01) # ignores decimal places, returns Date object #> [1] "2012-07-13" excel_numeric_to_date(41103.01, include_time = TRUE) # returns POSIXlt object #> [1] "2012-07-13 01:14:24 EDT" excel_numeric_to_date(41103.01, date_system = "mac pre-2011") #> [1] "2016-07-14"
Building on excel_numeric_to_date()
, the new functions convert_to_date()
and convert_to_datetime()
are more robust to a mix of inputs. Handy when reading many spreadsheets that should have the same column formats, but don’t.
For instance, here a vector with a date and an Excel datetime sees both values successfully converted to Date class:
convert_to_date(c("2020-02-29", "40000.1")) #> [1] "2020-02-29" "2009-07-06"
If a data.frame has the intended variable names stored in one of its rows, row_to_names
will elevate the specified row to become the names of the data.frame and optionally (by default) remove the row in which names were stored and/or the rows above it.
dirt <- data.frame(X_1 = c(NA, "ID", 1:3), X_2 = c(NA, "Value", 4:6)) row_to_names(dirt, 2) #> ID Value #> 3 1 4 #> 4 2 5 #> 5 3 6
top_levels()
Originally designed for use with Likert survey data stored as factors. Returns a tbl_df
frequency table with appropriately-named rows, grouped into head/middle/tail groups.
NA
values.f <- factor(c("strongly agree", "agree", "neutral", "neutral", "disagree", "strongly agree"), levels = c("strongly agree", "agree", "neutral", "disagree", "strongly disagree")) top_levels(f) #> f n percent #> strongly agree, agree 3 0.5000000 #> neutral 2 0.3333333 #> disagree, strongly disagree 1 0.1666667 top_levels(f, n = 1) #> f n percent #> strongly agree 2 0.3333333 #> agree, neutral, disagree 4 0.6666667 #> strongly disagree 0 0.0000000


Journaling
Read: Journaling the Linux ext2fs Filesystem
To help you read the paper, try to answer the following question for yourself:
Mid-way down the left column on page 6, the Journaling paper
says "However, until we have finished syncing those buffers, we cannot
delete the copy of the data in the journal."
Give a concrete example in which removing this rule would
lead to disaster.
You don't have submit your answer.


Tarball xz
At work I manage a handful of servers running FreeBSD. Today I was writing a little backup script where I wanted the output to be an xz compressed tarball.
Arch Linux's packages are delivered as tar.xz, and the compression rate is better than gzip and bzip2.
I thought this was going to be pretty straightforward, but I was mistaken. Turns out that the BSD tar implementation of tar does not transparently support xz compression in the same way GNU tar implements it. (I'm not saying that it isn't supported, but -z gzip / -j bzip2 / -J xz is easier to remember).
Being in a particularly untrusting mood towards tar, I figured I would write a portable one-liner that I could use on work servers and on my workstation.
Here goes...
tar -cf - {PATH_TO_ARCHIVE} | xz -2ec > {PATH_TO_SAVE_TARBALL}.tar.xz
[-2ec
refers to extreme compression level 2, which works for me in this case. Refer to the xz manpage for more info.]