Why Javascript Frameworks
Kay Ashaolu
We've spent a lot of time on Javascript
- We've learned the basics of Javascript
- We've learned how Javascript is used in the browser (i.e. how it manipulates the Document Object model)
- We've learned modern JavaScript
We've spent a lot of time on Javascript
- We did this so that you have a good foundation to write some quality JavaScript
- It is really, really important to have a good foundation for javascript
Okay, so now what?
- We could start learning how to bulid a complex app with what we know
- HTML, CSS, and JavaScript is all you need to go
- You can write classes and functions to calculate actions and state
Okay, so now what?
- You can use the document object in JavaScript to manipulate the DOM
- We have not talked about AJAX or making HTTP Requests, but its coming
- How you connect your web app to external systems
But that would be hard
- Remember that JavaScript feature matrix
- You run into the same issue with CSS, and even HTML
- There's even a website dedicated to this
But that would be hard
- Also writing quality modular JavaScript is hard
- Focus on writing self contained components that interact with each other
- Modularity helps with code maintainability and development
And would take a long time
- You will find yourself writing a lot of what's called "boilerplate" code
- Code that you write over and over again
- Essentially you are creating your own "libraries" and "frameworks" to save yourself time
What is a JavaScript Library?
- A library performs specific, well-definined actions
- Typically it provides several functions for you to use
- You are in control of your code, you simply use a library to make it easier to do what you wanted to do
JavaScript Library Example
$(document).ready(function(){
$("form").submit(function(event){
var regex = /^[a-zA-Z]+$/;
var currentValue = $("#firstName").val();
if(regex.test(currentValue) == false){
$("#result").html('
Not valid!
').show().fadeOut(1000);
// Preventing form submission
event.preventDefault();
}
});
});
Please note
- You are adding html code directly through your JavaScript
- Imagine you want to standardize that error throughout your web applicaton
- You would have to copy and paste that HTML code everywhere you need to add error
- You are in control
What is a JavaScript Framework?
- A framework dictates the architecture your project will follow
- You typically hook your code into a framework in order to get it to work
- The framework usually makes it easy to build a complete application quickly
- You typically have to fit the pattern that is defined by the framework
Library vs Framework
Library
- Flexible
- Developer Control
- Easy to incorporate to existing code
- More work to get started
Framework
- Quick to get started
- Quick to understand the basics
- Less Flexible
What is React?
- This is a good question
- If you look up online, people will largely say React is a library
- However some will make the case that React is a framework
- React is typically paired with fraemworks like Flux and Redux so the lines get blurred even more
This is what I think
React is a JavaScript library that provides functionality in such a way that
it encourages the use of a new kind of framework of developing user interfaces,
centralizing the data of the application in one area and asking the developer to
tell the application what it should do with the data that it has.
So that wasn't well worded at all
- React lets you focus on writing self contained pieces of code (modules) where you describe how you would render that module if
it had a certain piece of data. What you don't have to worry about is figuring out how your UI is going to manipulate
the dom to make that change happen
For example, remember this?
/* Populate with current location */
var locationDiv = document.getElementById("#locationList");
locationDiv.innerHTML = localStorage.curLocation;
/* Run code on submit button push */
var locationForm = document.getElementById("#locationForm");
locationForm.addEventListener("submit", function(event) {
var name = locationForm.elements.namedItem("name").value;
var state = locationForm.elements.namedItem("state").value;
localStorage.curLocation = name + ": " + state;
var locationDiv = document.getElementById("locationList");
locationDiv.innerHTML = localStorage.curLocation;
locationDiv.classList.add("highlight");
/* This stops the usual function of "submit" which is to send data
to another server */
event.preventDefault();
})
Remeber this?
- Remember how you had to both populate #locationList on startup and on submit button event?
- You had to think about every aspect when #locationList would change, including:
- On startup
- On submit button
What's different with React
- You write a component that would represent #locationList
- You write code on how you would render locationList if given an array (think, like a function)
- That's it!
React Example
class Square extends React.Component {
constructor(props) {
super(props);
this.state = {
value: null,
};
}
render() {
return (
<button
className="square"
onClick={() => this.setState({value: 'X'})}
>
{this.state.value}
</button>
);
}
}
ReactDOM.render(
<Square value="" />,
document.getElementById('root')
);
React Example explained
- There's a lot going on, but let's focus on two things
- The class defines a custom element that defines how it reacts to the state (i.e. variable)
- You don't need to worry about all of the different cases, just change the state (more on this later)


---
layout: post
title: 4/19
date: '2013-04-19T10:06:00.000-06:00'
author: Jacob .
tags:
modified_time: '2013-04-19T22:25:12.217-06:00'
thumb: https://lh3.googleusercontent.com/-dMvSf9Zbrdc/UXIYpoOCNnI/AAAAAAAAEUU/tCzSE3zz0e4/s72-c/blogger-image-1083551313.jpg
blogger_id: tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-6400085873105072120.post-4746674333096070408
blogger_orig_url: http://www.svlark.com/2013/04/419.html
---
Audrey's practicing for sleeping in a sea berth tonight.
-57.9 since 2004, -45.1 since 2012 @ 226.1


Hello Everyone !!
Thanks for continuing with this post.
In the last post, we discussed about the basics of Linear Regression, the theory and the mathematics behind it.
In this post, we will study oe of the most widely used optimization algorithms called Gradient Descent.
Gradient Descent:
Till now, we have talked about the error, mean, bias etc. But, what is the aim while calculating the error ?? Well, ofcourse we don't want it to increase. Who would want that !! We want to minimize/decrease the error.
But, the calculations that we have done till now are all hard coded and hence, there is no way to minimize the error or in other words optimize the model further. So, what can we do ??
Gradient Descent to the rescue.
So, what is Gradient Descent ?? Let's have a look at the definition. Wikipedia defines Gradient Descent as:
Gradient descent is a first-order iterative optimization algorithm for finding the minimum of a function. To find a local minimum of a function using gradient descent, one takes steps proportional to the negative of the gradient (or of the approximate gradient) of the function at the current point. If instead one takes steps proportional to the positive of the gradient, one approaches a local maximum of that function; the procedure is then known as gradient ascent.
So, Gradient Descent is a "first order" optimization algorithm that minimizes function. Wait a minute !! This is exactly what we want in the Linear Regression. We want to minimize the error function. But how does Gradient Descent minimize the error ??
Well you guessed it right !! It tunes the values of m and b such that the total error is minimized. This approach is better than the earlier approach because the values of m and b that we were hard coding earlier are now being tuned further to reduce the overall error and give a better "Best Fit Line".
Gradient Descent Working:
Let's get into the working of Gradient Descent Algorithm. Theoretically speaking, given a function defined by a set of parameters say, in this example m and b, Gradient Descent starts with an initial set of parameter values and iteratively tunes the values in order to minimize the given function. This iterative minimization is achieved by taking steps in the negative direction of the function gradient.
Let's understand it's working with an example. Assume that you are at the top of a hill. Your aim is to reach the bottom as fast as possible. So, how would you do that ?? Well, you would firstly, from a number of paths that you might see, choose the path with the largest steep and reach a new point. Then again you will have a number of choices and again you would choose the steepest choice to get down as fast as possible.
We do this process iteratively till we reach the bottom. This is the same way in which Gradient Descent works. Here, instead of the mountain, we have the cost function/error function which is formed using various values of m and b. Since, the error function we are using is a squared error, the plot of the cost/error is a Convex Function.
Hence, the aim of Gradient Descent here is to find the best values of m and b for which we reach the bottom of the Convex Function i.e. the point where the value of Cost Function is zero.
But, wait a minute. We have been talking about the Cost Function and minimizing it a lot. But what is the Cost Function ?? Do you remember the Squared Error in the last post which was given as:
Squared_Error = sum(y_hat-y)^2
where, y_hat is the predicted values using m and b and y is the actual value. This value is divided by 2n to make the derivative easier.
This equation is our Cost Function.
This equation can be represented as a Convex Function as shown above. Hence, the aim of Gradient Descent is to minimize this cost till it becomes almost equal to zero. But where to start for that ??
Well we know that the derivative of the Cost Function can be represented as the slope of the curve of the Convex Function. And as we move downwards i.e. towards the lowest cost, the slope of the cost function decreases. This derivate which we calculate is called the Gradient.
So, if we keep updating the values of m and b as we move down the slope, then in the end we would be left with the values that show the least error. In other words, this means that, the line plot using these values will represent the "Best Fit Line" for the data points.
Gradient Calculation:
Till now we have seen the parts of Gradient Descent. Now let's calculate the Gradients and form the final equations.
The Cost Function is given as:
Cost Function [J] = sum(y_hat-y)^2
where,
y_hat = mx + b
where m and b are the calculated slope and the bias values.
Putting these values into the Cost Function, we get:
Cost Function = (1/2n) ((mx + b) - y)^2
Here, we have addeed (1/2n) to simplify the derivaties as taking derivative of x^2 results in 2x and dividing by 2 gives the value of x. Here, n is the number of input data points.
We need to take the derivative both w.r.t m and b. Hence, we get the following equations:
The derivative of J (Cost Function) w.r.t m is given as:
The derivative of J (Cost Function) w.r.t b is given as:
Now that we have got the derivatives, its time to update the values of m and b.
One quick Note. Do you remember the definition of Gradient Descent ?? It said that this technique is a first order optimization technique. Why first order ?? Because in this, we take only first derivative of the Cost function as we did above.
Now, To update the value of m, the equation is:
m := m - alpha * (dJ/dm)
and the equation to update b is given as:
b := b - alpha * (dJ/db)
where, alpha is called the Learning Rate.
You might think that why I have used ":=" instead of "=" in the update equations for m and b. Well, think of it this way. := means update the value after executing both the derivatives. But why ?? Because, if we update m before updating b, then we will not get the same value as the equation has now changed.
Here, we also introduced a new term, Learning Rate. So let's have a look at it.
Learning Rate:
We see that Learning Rate is used in the equations above where we update the values of m and b. But why use the learning rate ?? Why this extra parameter ??
You see that in the above equations, we subtract the derivative w.r.t each parameter and subtract it from that value. If we see these values in each iteration, they change far too much in each iteration, which can lead to an increase in the loss. So, multiplying the derivative with the learning rate helps avoid this increase in loss. Secondly, learning rate value also tells that how slowly or how fast you want to update the parameters.
So, can we take any value for Learning Rate ??
Well No !! If this value is too small, the parameters change less often or slowly. So, the Gradient Descent will take more time to converge.
If the learning rate is too large, the value of parameters will chnage by larger values and hence, we can overshoot the minima. So, it may completely fail to converge or diverge.
So, we have to choose this value very carefully. But how ?? Well, we can take a list of values and calculate the cross-validation error for each of these values. The value for which we get the smallest error can be used as our learning rate. We will study cross-validation later in detail.
Nowadays, there are various other optmimzation algorithms like Adam that decrease the learning rate as we move toward the local minima.
Another option can be to keep the Learning Rate as constant. Can we keep it as constant ?? Well yes !! But why ?? Because, as we move toward the local minima, the slope i.e. the value of derivative will decrease, hence, the parameters change less with decrease in slope. Hence, it leads to faster convergence. Note that the value of learning rate must be reasonable else it can lead to one of the two cases defined above.
Now that we have covered some of the basic concepts behind Linear Regression, I think its now time to write our first Machine Learning Algorithm in Code, i.e. Linear Regression.
Great work on completing this tutorial, let's move to the next tutorial in series, Introduction to Machine Learning: Linear Regression Code from Scratch
For more projects and code, follow me on Github
Please feel free to leave any comments, suggestions, corrections if any, below.
comments powered by Disqus


Code Co-op will help you selectively add existing files to the projects. Since there may be a lot of files in the tree, Code Co-op lets you pick project files by extension first, and by name second. This is the file selection dialog:
Clicking on an extension adds it or removes it from the list. Once an extension is selected, files with that extension are shown in the right pane. You can then selectively add or remove them from the list. The example above is typical for a Visual C++ project.


learning
did
instructed
will
shall
are
drank
barks
burning
should
1)
My brother
graduate from high school in June.
will
2)
The baby is
to stand up without support.
learning
3)
That dog
continously at strangers.
barks
4)
Patrick
repair the puncture of his bicycle soon.
should
5)
The teacher
the students to solve the sum carefully.
instructed
6)
We
reach Orlando, Florida by evening.
shall
7)
Jason
not remember to bring his helmet for the baseball game.
did
8)
The candle was
very quickly.
burning
9)
The children
their chocolate milk happily.
drank
10)
All the boys
wearing jeans today.
are


HOME
AUTHOR
EXTRA
+
Z-Scores
Confidence Interval
Permutation And Combination
T-Table Scores
Chi-Square
Linear Regression
Probability
Trigonometry
Quadratic
Binomial Distribution
Measure of Central Tendency and Dispersion
Enter Each Number Seperated by a Comma (,)
Get Values
Reset
Or Upload an excel file.
To make use of the upload feature, ensure that cell A1 has the value
'COT'
.
Upload
Reset
Grouped Frequency Distribution
Enter Each Number Seperated by a Comma (,)
RANGE
seperate the lower and upper range with a hyphen (-)
FREQUENCY
Get Values
Reset
Or Upload an excel file.
To make use of the upload feature for Linear regression, ensure that cell A1 has the value
'Range'
and cell B1 has the Value
'Frequency'
.
Upload
Reset


People tend to become more emotionally intelligent as they age and mature.
Daniel Goleman (1943–) American Author
Emotional Intelligence
What learnings did you take from the chapter?
With practice, anyone can acquire emotional competencies. The benefits of emotional intelligence include better work performance, leadership and creating happiness.
How did you find the two minutes of mindfulness?
As I write this, I am three days into the Headspace programme. So I have been practicing mindfulness. I find it really good: the time passes rapidly and there’s a sense of calmness.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block page_title %} Example - Forms {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include "includes/breadcrumb_v0_1.html" %} Data entry part 3 - this is the future, so pretend we're a year or two ahead. Explantory content. {% include "includes/cross_page_v0_1.html"%} 2016 to 2017 £ 2017 to 2018 £ {% endblock %}
Explantory content.


About Me
First Name
This is required.
Last Name
This is required.
Height (in.)
This is required.
Weight (lbs.)
This is required.
Eye Color *
{{color}}
Hair Color *
{{color}}
Build *
{{build}}
Age
This is required.
Ethnicity
This is required.
Native Accent
This is required.
Next


LittlevGL Clock Sample
see : LittlevGL Clock Sample
Overview
This sample application displays a “clockbackground” in the center of the screen.
LittlevGL is a free and open-source graphics library providing everything you need to create embedded GUI with easy-to-use graphical elements, beautiful visual effects and low memory footprint.
Requirements
Make sure the prj.conf contains the following :
CONFIG_LVGL=y
CONFIG_LVGL_OBJ_IMAGE=y
LitlevGL uses a “c” file to store the image. You need to convert a jpg, or png image to this c file. There is an online tool : https://littlevgl.com/image-to-c-array
Building and Running
west build -p -b pinetime samples/gui/clock
Todo
create an internal clock (and adjustment mechanism, eg. bluetooth cts)
lvgl supports lv_canvas_rotate(canvas, &imd_dsc, angle, x, y, pivot_x, pivot_y) should be cool for a clock, chrono…


Not everything needs to be on the "Cloud"
Home Automation
In the past few years Home Automation has made progress in leaps and bounds and our sci-fi fantasies of speaking to a computer to do various mundane day to day tasks have become real.
You no longer need to be the captain of a starship to turn on/off the lights or play our favourite music, by just ordering a computer to do so.

Privacy
Pi of Things saw this coming and has been around in the periphery for the last 10 odd years. However as they say - If you are working from someone else's dreams, someone else is working on yours.
Luckily enough, loads of like minded people have already come together and started on the drive to take "Home Automation" off the cloud. Primary among them is Home Assistant (HA) Project .
HA obviously supports all the traditional cloud based automations too.
Pi of Things will strive to make HA more accessible and usable to the regular user. Users whose choose not to care about how a light turns on as they enter room as long as it turns on reliably on a dim dark day. More importantly, Pi of Things will show you how to keep your data private.
Data Visualisation
Home Automation can collect tons and tons of data. Big companies simply gobble this data up without giving end users a chance to derive benefits out of it.
Being able to see data visually helps us make informed choices, be it why our electricity bill is higher this month, or how far can we push ourselves to not turn that thermostat up to save gas, to something trivial as, how often do our plants need watering.


|
OPAE C API
-..
FPGA API
|
#include "hssi_cmd.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
Data Structures | |
| class | hssi_100g_cmd |
Macros | |
| #define | CSR_SCRATCH 0x1000 |
| #define | CSR_FEATURES 0x1002 |
| #define | CSR_CTRL0 0x1009 |
| #define | CSR_CTRL1 0x1010 |
| #define | CSR_DST_ADDR_LO 0x1011 |
| #define | CSR_DST_ADDR_HI 0x1012 |
| #define | CSR_SRC_ADDR_LO 0x1013 |
| #define | CSR_SRC_ADDR_HI 0x1014 |
| #define | CSR_MLB_RST 0x1016 |
| #define CSR_SCRATCH 0x1000 |
Definition at line 29 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.
| #define CSR_FEATURES 0x1002 |
Definition at line 30 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.
| #define CSR_CTRL0 0x1009 |
Definition at line 31 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.
| #define CSR_CTRL1 0x1010 |
Definition at line 32 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.
| #define CSR_DST_ADDR_LO 0x1011 |
Definition at line 33 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.
| #define CSR_DST_ADDR_HI 0x1012 |
Definition at line 34 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.
| #define CSR_SRC_ADDR_LO 0x1013 |
Definition at line 35 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.
| #define CSR_SRC_ADDR_HI 0x1014 |
Definition at line 36 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.
| #define CSR_MLB_RST 0x1016 |
Definition at line 37 of file hssi_100g_cmd.h.


| LICENSEE | LAT & LONG | CITY | STATE | HEIGHT |
|---|
Loading
This application takes the latitude
and longitude that you have entered
and finds all the cell towers within
that city, then the application
displays a map that shows your
current location as well as creating
a marker for all cell towers within
the city. It will create a table
as well as allowing you to click
on the marker of any tower, and
display the following information:
The owner of the tower
The coordinates of the tower
City in which the tower is
located
State in which the tower is
located
Height of the tower
Please enter valid ranges
Latitude: -90 to 90
Longitude: -180 to 180
Please select another location
No towers found in that area
| LICENSEE | LAT & LONG | CITY | STATE | HEIGHT |
|---|


This is the second test page for spar component. Routes are rendered below.
hello there
Link: click here to navigate to about us page
this div element was in the spar-path tag
Link: click here to navigate to home page
The below spar-path is a slot content default
The below route is the slot content overwritten
Slot override value
These routes will test the component's ability to handle more complex routes
Link: click here to navigate to nested about us page
this div element was in the spar-path tag
Link: click here to navigate to nested home page
The below spar-path is a slot content default
The below route is the slot content overwritten
Slot override value


Position
Namespace: FSharp.Text.Lexing
Position information stored for lexing tokens
Record Fields
| Record Field | Description |
pos_bol
Signature: int
|
The absolute offset of the beginning of the line
|
pos_cnum
Signature: int
|
The absolute offset of the column for the position
|
pos_fname
Signature: string
|
The file name for the position
|
pos_lnum
Signature: int
|
The line number for the position
|
Instance members
| Instance member | Description |
AbsoluteOffset
Signature: int
|
The character number in the input stream
CompiledName: get_AbsoluteOffset
|
AsNewLinePos()
Signature: unit -> Position
|
|
Char
Signature: int
|
CompiledName: get_Char
|
Column
Signature: int
|
Return the column number marked by the position, i.e. the difference between the AbsoluteOffset and the StartOfLineAbsoluteOffset
CompiledName: get_Column
|
EndOfToken(n)
Signature: n:int -> Position
|
Given a position at the start of a token of length n, return a position just beyond the end of the token
|
FileName
Signature: string
|
The file name associated with the input stream.
CompiledName: get_FileName
|
Line
Signature: int
|
The line number in the input stream, assuming fresh positions have been updated
using AsNewLinePos() and by modifying the EndPos property of the LexBuffer.
CompiledName: get_Line
|
NextLine
Signature: Position
|
CompiledName: get_NextLine
|
ShiftColumnBy(by)
Signature: by:int -> Position
|
Gives a position shifted by specified number of characters
|
StartOfLineAbsoluteOffset
Signature: int
|
Return absolute offset of the start of the line marked by the position
CompiledName: get_StartOfLineAbsoluteOffset
|
Static members
| Static member | Description |
Empty
Signature: Position
|
Get an arbitrary position, with the empty string as filename, and
CompiledName: get_Empty
|
FirstLine(filename)
Signature: filename:string -> Position
|
Get a position corresponding to the first line (line number 1) in a given file
|


{% extends 'main/base.html' %} {% load static %} {% block scripts %} {% endblock %} {% block video %} {% endblock%} {% block videoname %}
"Giving Wings to Your Money"
{% endblock%} {% block content %}Daedalus Investments Co. is a portfolio management entity that offers personalized asset management and portfolio consultation to all clients and offers complete and thorough transparency. From portfolio allocation to equity valuation, our comprehensive strategy is streamlined, efficient, and creates sustainable growth in capital markets.
About usAssets Under Management
“I have been investing with Sanjay since 2018 and can safely say that he has an eye for value. Picking stocks like Tanger Outlets and Cinemark before they returned 100+% over the course of a few months, he has consistently proven his method is no trivial achievement. I will definitely be working more closely with him and wish him the best of luck in the future!
“Happy with what has been done. A lot of thought has gone into the process and the company itself. The securities that were invested in by Daedalus are stable and they make use of option contracts well as a hedge. Very informative company plus great minds at work here. ”
“The thing I like most about Daedalus is their transparency. They don't have a plethora of clients (yet), so they devote individual time to each person and really hold up their end when it comes to transparency being personable. I think my money's in a safe place and I don't have any complaints.”
“Very good, calculated investment decisions. Overall pleased with my experience and not much more I can ask for. Returns have been consistent with or above market returns so it's my assumption what Daedalus is doing works quite well.”


- HAX edited content works with or without HAX (it writes HTML)
- Extendable via web component standard
- Rich, accessible, and simple UX pattern for content authors
- Search remote sources, in context (like YouTube, Wikipedia, etc)
- Layout elements in grids without understanding responsive design
- Never touch HTML (unless you want to)
- Platform agnostic
- Designed elements inform HAX how to modify


NeatAnimationPreferences
public struct NeatAnimationPreferences
Animation preferences, applies both for appearance and dissapearance
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var animationDuration: TimeInterval
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var animationCurve: UIView.AnimationOptions
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var animationOffset: CGFloat
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var appearanceAnimationType: AppearanceAnimationType
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public var disappearanceAnimationType: DisappearanceAnimationType
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public init()


Your Expected Tax Refund Date is:
Direct Deposit:
Check Mailed:
Click here for the IRS Refund Cycle Chart


Meredith Shirey
Marriage & Family Therapist, MS, LMFT
I specialize in working with couples, families, and individuals hoping to improve the relationships in their lives. Whether wishing to reconnect with a partner, recover from infidelity, cope with a loss, or even find ways to amicably end a relationship; I can offer assistance and guidance in not only resolving the issues that brought you to therapy, but also to gain insight to enhance other relationships in your life. Please visit the website to better understand my areas of expertise and also how you can benefit from psychotherapy.
I use a combination of techniques pulling from theories that have been clinically proven to be effective in addressing relationship issues. For couples I use the Gottman Method, which includes a thorough assessment of the relationship. This helps in identifying problem areas and maps out a plan for treatment.
I try to be as flexible as possible in accommodating the needs of clients by offering appointments during evening hours, on weekends; as well as in-home for clients who are unable to travel to the office. Appointments can also be booked online through the practice website.
Call or Email Meredith Shirey for a free consultation now -<PHONE_NUMBER>
Qualifications
- Years in Practice: 4 Years
- School: University at Albany, State University of New York
- License No. and State: 06 001286 New York
Finances
- Avg Cost (per session): $70 - $200
- Sliding Scale: Yes
- Accepts Insurance: Yes
- Accepted Payment Methods: American Express, Cash, Check, Mastercard, Paypal, Visa
Accepted Insurance Plans
- Anthem
- Blue Cross
- Blue Shield
- BlueCross and BlueShield
- Cigna
- Empire BlueCross
- Multiplan
- PHCS
- POMCO
- TRICARE (Out of Network)
- Out of Network
Verify your health insurance coverage when you
arrange your first visit.
Additional Credentials
- Membership: American Association for Marriage and Family Thera/165353
- Member Since: 2016
Meredith Shirey's Groups
Women's Issues
The purpose of this group is to provide a space for women to process their difficulties in finding balance in their work and home lives, speak about career difficulties, and find support from others in processing difficult emotions and emotional experiences. The group will meet for 8 weeks beginning on 9/10/2016. The rate below is for self-pay, Blue Cross Blue Shield and Cigna are also accepted for payment.
Location
Manhattan Relationship Counseling & Psychotherapy
42 Broadway
12th Floor, Suite 150
New York, New York 10004
(501) 358-5740
42 Broadway
12th Floor, Suite 150
New York, New York 10004
(501) 358-5740
Specialties
- Relationship Issues
- Marital and Premarital
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Issues
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Last Modified: 16 Nov 2016


Grace Millane's killer named despite suppression orders
Overseas news publications are naming the man convicted of Grace Millane's murder, despite his name still being suppressed.
The 27-year-old man was found guilty of killing the 21-year-old backpacker last night, in a unanimous decision by the jury.
He cannot yet be named for legal reasons, which have been strictly adhered to by New Zealand media, who can be prosecuted if they don't comply with the court's order.
However, for at least the second time, major overseas publications are flouting the suppression, using the man's name in their stories.
Despite repeated warnings after the man's first appearance in December last year, dozens of publications repeatedly breached the suppression order.
In July, Google suspended its trending emails in New Zealand and apologised to Justice Minister Andrew Little after a mass email went to 10,000 subscribers naming the killer.
Following that, Little began work with the UK, Australia and Canada to see what more could be done to ensure suppression orders were obeyed.
At that time, there were fears in the legal community the continuous publication of the 27-year-old's name and details would compromise the trial.
Concerns were also raised by New Zealand Bar Association vice-president Jonathan Eaton QC, who said the breaches were not only endangering a fair trial but potentially any future trial.
"The publicity about the accused undermines the prospect of finding an impartial jury," he said.
It is possible for sites to geographically block those outside certain areas from accessing their content, but previously that has largely failed - given some search sites still list headlines in searches.
Grace Millane was strangled to death on the eve of her 22nd birthday by her Tinder date in his downtown Auckland apartment on December 1 last year.
He then went about trying to cover it up and dumped her body in the Waitākere Ranges.
The Crown argued it was murder, the defence said it was an accident.
After hearing from 39 witnesses over three weeks, the jury returned a unanimous guilty verdict last night.
The killer will return to court on February 21 at 9am to be sentenced.


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| Mice Required Reading |
Table of ContentsMice Required Reading Abstract Contact Mailing List Design Concept Mice Benefits Mice Functionality Platforms Distribution Builds Build Problems Directory Structure Using Mice Preparing the Environment First Test of Mice Installation Documentation Documentation Conventions The Mice API Path names API Functionality Wrapper Types: mice_x.m, cspice_x.m Return of Integer Values as Double Use of Vectorized Arguments Vectorizing a Numeric Scalar Vectorizing a Numeric Vector Vectorizing a Structure Vectorizing a Numeric Matrix Vectorizing a String SPICE Windows, Planes, and Ellipses in Mice SPICE Windows in Mice SPICE Ellipses in Mice SPICE Planes in Mice Mice Implementation of the SPICE Exception Subsystem Error Response No Loaded leapseconds kernel No Loaded SPKs Error Response from Vectorized Routines Command Format Error Error Handling Correlation Between Mice and Matlab Matlab vs. CSPICE Functionality Use of Mice with Octave Common problems Persistence of Kernel Data Defining Kernel Names with Relative Paths Use on 32-bit vs 64-bit Platforms Revisions Mice Required Reading
Abstract
Contact
Mailing List
http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/mailman/listinfo/mice_discussion Design Concept
Mice uses the Matlab external interface functionality (MEX) to provide Matlab users access to selected CSPICE routines from within Matlab. A user need only install the interface library and the interface wrapper files to gain use of these functions. Matlab interfaces exist for a subset of the CSPICE wrappers, those routines with name style "routine_c", with "routine" the name of the CSPICE module. The Mice interfaces tend to be the "commonly used" routines involved with kernel data access, time conversion, and geometry calculations. Refer to the CSPICE required reading document (cspice.req) for information concerning CSPICE. Mice passes data from the Matlab environment to the CSPICE library, so a Mice interface call performs few operations other than recasting input from Matlab into CSPICE form and recasting CSPICE output to Matlab form for return. Conforming to Matlab norms, Mice uses base 1 array indices (as is logical). NAIF employs the ANSI C standard when writing Matlab/CSPICE interface source code. For each platform, Mice uses the same binary and text kernels as the Fortran, C, and IDL Toolkit for that platform. Mice Benefits
Mice Functionality
Platforms
http://naif.jpl.nasa.gov/naif/toolkit_Matlab.htmland in the intro_to_toolkit tutorial also available from the NAIF website. Distribution
The Mice toolkit comprises the full CSPICE distribution (source, documentation, libraries, executables) plus the Mice source code, associated build files, and Mice documentation. A user without a Matlab installation cannot use the Mice interface. NAIF expects Matlab version 7.2 (R2006a) or later for Mice use. Note: You do not need a C compiler to use Mice. You need a C compiler to rebuild Mice. Builds
The build system on Unix/Linux platforms uses the Mathworks supplied "mex" script and NAIF edited mexopts.sh option file. The mexopts.sh file defines the parameters used by the mex script to compile the library. This file must exist in the Mice source directory:
/path_to_mice/mice/src/miceThe build procedure on a Windows platform does not use a mexopts file. Build Problems
Also ensure your path includes the Matlab "mex" script and not some other version of "mex." Directory Structure
mice/ | | data/ doc/ etc/ exe/ include/ lib/ src/ makeall.csh(.bat) | | | | | | html/ *.req *. ug ... | mice/ cspice/ ... | | | | | | | | mice.c index.html cspice/ mice/ ... | cspice_*.m | | mice_*.m | | *.h index.html | *.c cspice_*.html | mexopts.sh mice_*.html | | | cspice.a csupport.a mice.mex*The makeall.csh (makeall.bat) file is a master build script specific to the platform architecture. Using MicePreparing the Environment
The inclusion of the Mice directories to the Matlab search path can be done programmatically:
>> addpath('/path_to_mice/mice/src/mice/') >> addpath('/path_to_mice/mice/lib/' )or
>> addpath('c:\path_to_mice\mice\src\mice\') >> addpath('c:\path_to_mice\mice\lib\' )A user can also add the Mice directories to the Matlab search path by setting the MATLABPATH environment variable.
setenv MATLABPATH /path_to_mice/mice/src/mice/When a user invokes a call to a Mice function:
1. Matlab calls ... 2. the function's wrapper, which calls ... 3. the Mice MEX shared object library, which performs its function then returns the result ... 4. to the wrapper, which ... 5. returns the result to the userA transparent procedure from the user's perspective. First Test of Mice Installation
>> which miceMatlab should return the path to the mice.mex* file if the file exists within a directory searched by Matlab.
/path_to_mice/mice/lib/mice.mexmacIf Matlab outputs
'mice' not found.then the Matlab search path does not include the directory containing the mice.mex* file. The Matlab command:
>> cspice_tkvrsn('toolkit')causes Matlab to display the string identifier for the CSPICE library version (N00XX) against which Mice linked. Documentation
The index.html file in the
mice/doc/htmlor
mice\doc\htmlsubdirectory is the Mice HTML documentation "homepage." The page provides links to the CSPICE and Mice API descriptions. Documentation Conventions
Argument type Format Example ------------- ---------- ---------------------------------------- string back ticks cspice_furnsh( `file` ) array of (N) [out1, out2] = cspice_function(arr(N)) size NX1 array of (N,M) [out1, out2] = cspice_function(arr(N,M)) size NXM return an () [values()] = cspice_bodvrd(`body`, ... Nx1 array `item`, ... of arbitrary maxn) size 'N' vectorized underscore [_et_] = cspice_str2et(_`str`_) argument optional brackets [ids] = cspice_spkobj( _`spk`_, ... input deliminating size, ... input arg [ids_i] ) The Mice API
output = name( inputs )Those routines returning multiple arguments on output do so in the expected Matlab manner:
[output1, output2, ...] = name( inputs )A set of Matlab *.m wrapper files provides user access to the MEX library. The *.m files include Matlab specific versions of the corresponding CSPICE wrapper's header describing the use and implementation of the call. Theses headers also include example code. The Matlab "help" command outputs the wrapper headers, e.g.:
>> help cspice_spkezr -Abstract CSPICE_SPKEZR returns the state (position and velocity) of a target body relative to an observing body, optionally corrected for light time (planetary aberration) and stellar aberration. ... Path names
API Functionality
>> v = [ 1; 2; 3] v = 1 2 3 >> size(v) ans = 3 1"size" shows 'v' as a 3x1 array. Mice also checks the dimensionality of input vectors and matrices, i.e. an API expecting a double precision 3x1 array as input signals an error for any other data type or dimensionality.
>> v = [ 1; 2; 3; 4] v = 1 2 3 4 >> [r, lon, z] = cspice_reccyl(v) ??? MICE(BADARG): Input argument (`rectan') must be an 3x1 vector or a vectorized vector (3xN). Wrapper Types: mice_x.m, cspice_x.m
spkezr_c( targ, et, ref, abcorr, obs, state, < );The corresponding cspice_spkezr call:
[state, lt] = cspice_spkezr(targ, et, ref, abcorr, obs)The corresponding mice_spkezr call:
traj = mice_spkezr(targ, et, ref, abcorr, obs)The two calls return the same data with the cspice_spkezr version returning separate arguments, while the mice_spkezr returns a structure composed of two fields, "state" (traj.state) and "lt" (traj.lt). Return of Integer Values as Double
"For all binary operations in which one operand is an array of integer data type and the other is a scalar double, Matlab computes the operation using elementwise double-precision arithmetic, and then converts the result back to the original integer data type."Due to this implementation, Mice interfaces return/cast as double those integer arguments a user might later include in a calculation. Use of Vectorized Arguments
Vectorizing a Numeric Scalar
>> COUNT = 5; >> et = [1:COUNT] * cspice_spd * 5. et =<PHONE_NUMBER>00 1296000 1728000 2160000 >> size( et ) ans = 1 5 Vectorizing a Numeric Vector
>> [state,lt] = cspice_spkezr( 'MOON', ... et, ... 'J2000', ... 'NONE' , ... 'EARTH' ); >> size( state ) ans = 6 5 Vectorizing a Structure
>> traj = mice_spkezr( 'MOON' , ... et , ... 'J2000', ... 'LT+S' , ... 'EARTH' ); >> size(traj) ans = 1 5 Vectorizing a Numeric Matrix
>> xform = cspice_pxform( 'J2000', 'IAU_MOON', et(1) ); >> size(xform) ans = 3 3A vectorized numeric NxM array has dimension NxMxCOUNT.
>> xform = cspice_pxform( 'J2000', 'IAU_MOON', et ); >> size(xform) ans = 3 3 5In this case, vectorized use returns 5 3x3 transformation matrices. To access the ith matrix:
xform_i = xform(:,:,i) Vectorizing a String
>> utc = cspice_et2utc( et(1), 'C', 5 ) utc = 2000 JAN 06 11:58:55.81593 >> size( utc ) ans = 1 26A vector of strings has dimension COUNTxLENGTH.
>> utc = cspice_et2utc( et, 'C', 5 ) utc = 2000 JAN 06 11:58:55.81593 2000 JAN 11 11:58:55.81578 2000 JAN 16 11:58:55.81564 2000 JAN 21 11:58:55.81550 2000 JAN 26 11:58:55.81537 >> size( utc ) ans = 5 26 >> et1 = cspice_str2et( utc ) et1 = 1.0e+06 * 0.4320 0.8640 1.2960 1.7280 2.1600Mice string input arguments also accept a cell of strings. Note, all string outputs return as NxM character arrays.
>> utc1 = cellstr( utc ) utc1 = '2000 JAN 06 11:58:55.81593' '2000 JAN 11 11:58:55.81578' '2000 JAN 16 11:58:55.81564' '2000 JAN 21 11:58:55.81550' '2000 JAN 26 11:58:55.81537' >> size( utc1 ) ans = 5 1 >> et2 = cspice_str2et( utc1 ) et2 = 1.0e+06 * 0.4320 0.8640 1.2960 1.7280 2.1600When processing vectorized input arguments, Mice confirms all vectorized inputs have the same measure of vectorization. Mice signals an error when inputs do not agree with regard to the measure.
>> range = [ 1., 2., 3. ] range = 1 2 3 >> dec = [ 0., 0.1 ] dec = 0 0.1000 >> ra = [ 0., 0.75, 1.5 ] ra = 0 0.7500 1.5000 >> rectan = cspice_radrec( range, ra, dec) ??? MICE(BADARG): Input argument 3 (`dec') must have same length as `range'Please consult the API documentation for details on a particular routine's argument set. SPICE Windows, Planes, and Ellipses in MiceSPICE Windows in Mice
Refer to the Windows Required Reading document, windows.req, for specific information on the implementation of windows in Mice. SPICE Ellipses in Mice
center: {3x1 ARRAY, DOUBLE PRECISION} semiMajor: {3x1 ARRAY, DOUBLE PRECISION} semiMinor: {3x1 ARRAY, DOUBLE PRECISION} ellipse.center = [ cnt1, cnt2, cnt3 ]'; ellipse.semimajor = [ smj1, smj2, smj3 ]'; ellipse.semiminor = [ smn1, smn2, smn3 ]'; SPICE Planes in Mice
normal: {3x1 ARRAY, DOUBLE PRECISION} constant: {SCALAR, DOUBLE PRECISION} plane.normal = [ n1, n2, n3 ]'; plane.constant = x; Mice Implementation of the SPICE Exception Subsystem
Error Response
??? Undefined function or variable 'mice'.SPICE programmers often encounter two errors, regardless of the programming language. Both errors result from the failure to load the needed SPICE kernels prior to an evaluation involving time conversion or a state look-up. No Loaded leapseconds kernel
>> et = cspice_str2et( 'Jan 1, 2000' ); ??? SPICE(NOLEAPSECONDS): [str2et_c->STR2ET->TTRANS] The variable that points to the leapseconds (DELTET/DELTA_AT) could not be located in the kernel pool. It is likely that the leapseconds kernel has not been loaded via the routine FURNSH. No Loaded SPKs
>> [state, ltime] = cspice_spkezr( 'MOON', 0., 'J2000', ... 'NONE', 'EARTH' ); ??? SPICE(NOLOADEDFILES): [spkezr_c->SPKEZR->SPKEZ->SPKGEO ->SPKSFS] At least one SPK file needs to be loaded by SPKLEF before beginning a search.All SPICE errors passed back to Matlab have the format shown: the SPICE(*) short error message; in brackets, the trace-back of the call sequence that led to the error; the long error message. Error Response from Vectorized Routines
>> et = cspice_str2et( '2050 JAN 30' ); >> [state, ltime] = cspice_spkezr( 'MOON' , ... et , ... 'J2000', ... 'LT+S' , ... 'EARTH' ) ??? SPICE(SPKINSUFFDATA): [spkezr_c->SPKEZR->SPKEZ->SPKSSB->SPKGEO] Insufficient ephemeris data has been loaded to compute the state of 399 (EARTH) relative to 0 (SOLAR SYSTEM BARYCENTER) at the ephemeris epoch 2050 JAN 30 00:01:04.184.The same error when using a vectorized 'et':
>> et0 = cspice_str2et( '2049 DEC 30' ); >> et = [0:1000000] + et0; >> [state, ltime] = cspice_spkezr( 'MOON' , ... et , ... 'J2000', ... 'LT+S' , ... 'EARTH' ) ??? SPICE(SPKINSUFFDATA): [spkezr_c->SPKEZR->SPKEZ->SPKACS->SPKGEO] Insufficient ephemeris data has been loaded to compute the state of 399 (EARTH) relative to 0 (SOLAR SYSTEM BARYCENTER) at the ephemeris epoch 2050 JAN 01 00:01:05.183. Failure occurred at input vector index 172800.The "Failure occurred at input vector index ..." string appears only when using vectorized arguments. The element value refers to the vector index at which the failure occurred. In this case, the kernel system lacked data to perform the state evaluation at time value et(172800). Command Format Error
>> cspice_et2utc ??? Error using ==> cspice_et2utc Usage: [_`utcstr`_] = cspice_et2utc(_et_, `format`, prec) Error Handling
% % Make a call to an interface function. Wrap the % call in a try/catch block. % try [output1, output2, ...] = cspice_function( input1, input2, ...) catch % % If an error occurred, retrieve that string % from 'lasterr'. Output the error string. % disp( lasterr ) endUse of try...catch...end grants the user control over the error response from the CSPICE routines. Example: Attempt to return a state without loading kernels.
% % Wrap cspice_spkezr in a try...catch block. % try [state, ltime] = cspice_spkezr( 'MOON' , ... 0. , ... 'J2000', ... 'LT+S' , ... 'EARTH' ) catch % % Check for an error response. Print the message if found. % disp( lasterr ) end % % Continue program execution. % ...The output displays the expected message:
SPICE(NOLOADEDFILES): [spkezr_c->SPKEZR->SPKEZ->SPKSSB->SPKGEO-> SPKSFS] At least one SPK file needs to be loaded by SPKLEF before beginning a search. Correlation Between Mice and MatlabMatlab vs. CSPICE Functionality
CSPICE Native Matlab Description ------- --------------- ----------- mtxm_c m1' * m2 Matrix transpose times matrix, 3x3 mtxmg_c m1' * m2 Matrix transpose times matrix (general dim.) mtxv_c m1' * v1 Matrix transpose times vector, 3x3 mtxvg_c m1' * v1 Matrix transpose times vector (general dim.) mxm_c m1 * m2 Matrix times matrix, 3x3 mxmg_c m1 * m2 Matrix times matrix (general dim.) mxmt_c m1 * m2' Matrix times matrix transpose, 3x3 mxmtg_c m1 * m2' Matrix times matrix transpose (general dim.) mxv_c m1 * v1 Matrix times vector, 3x3 mxvg_c m1 * v1 Matrix times vector (general dim.) vadd_c v1 + v2 Vector addition, 3 dimensional vaddg_c v1 + v2 Vector addition (general dim.) vcrss_c cross(v1, v2) Vector cross product, 3 dimensions vdist_c norm(v1 - v2) Vector distance vdistg_c norm(v1 - v2) Vector distance (general dim.) vdot_c dot(v1, v2) Vector dot product, 3 dimensions vdotg_c dot(v1, v2) Vector dot product (general dim.) vequ_c v2 = v1 Vector equality, 3 dimensions vequg_c v2 = v1 Vector equality (general dim.) vhat_c v1/norm(v1) "V-Hat", unit vector along V, 3 dimensions vhatg_c v1/norm(v1) "V-Hat", unit vector along V (general dim.) vlcom3_c a*v1 + b*v2 + c*v3 Vector linear combination, 3 dimensions vlcom_c a*v1 + b*v2 Vector linear combination, 3 dimensions vlcomg_c a*v1 + b*v2 Vector linear combination (general dim.) vminug_c -v1 Minus V, "-V" (general dim.) vminus_c -v1 Minus V, "-V", 3 dimensions vnorm_c norm(v1) Vector norm, 3 dimensions vnormg_c norm(v1) Vector norm (general dim.) vpack_c v1 = [x, y, z]' Pack three scalar components into a vector vscl_c s * v1 Vector scaling, 3 dimensions vsclg_c s * v1 Vector scaling (general dim.) vsub_c v1 - v2 Vector subtraction, 3 dimensions vsubg_c v1 - v2 Vector subtraction (general dim.) vtmv_c v1' * m1 * v2 Vector transpose times matrix times vector, 3 dim vtmvg_c v1' * m1 * v2 Vector transpose times matrix times vector (general dim.) vupack_c x = v1(1) Unpack three scalar components from y = v1(2) a vector z = v1(3) vzero_c all( v1 == 0 ) Is a vector the zero vector? vzerog_c all( v2 == 0 ) Is a vector the zero vector? (general dim.) Use of Mice with Octave
Note that use of Mice with a 32-bit Octave requires a 32-bit Mice Toolkit; the same for 64-bit. To build the CSPICE-octave interface, several minor modifications are required to the cspice build script. Copy the mice/src/cspice/ mkprodct.csh script to mice/src/cspice/mkprodct_mix.csh. For example, based on a 32-bit Mice for Linux or OS X, edit mkprodct_mix.csh: Add the option -DMIX_C_AND_FORTRAN to the TKCOMPILEOPTIONS variable assignment, i.e. change: set TKCOMPILEOPTIONS = "-c -ansi -Wall -O2 -fPIC -DNON_UNIX_STDIO -m32" to set TKCOMPILEOPTIONS = "-c -ansi -Wall -O2 -fPIC -DNON_UNIX_STDIO -m32 -DMIX_C_AND_FORTRAN" Do not otherwise change the option list assigned to TKCOMPILEOPTIONS. Modify the LIBRARY assignment so that the script produces a library named "cspice_mix.a", i.e. change set LIBRARY = "../../lib/"$item:t to set LIBRARY = "../../lib/"$item:t"_mix" Once complete, set the script to executable, then execute (from the mice/src/cspice directory) the "mkprodct_mix.csh" script. The run should create "cspice_mix.a" in the "mice/lib" directory. Create a subdirectory named "octave" in the mice/lib directory. Create in the mice/src/mice directory a build script, "mkprodct_octave.csh". Copy the csh script listed below to "mkprodct_octave.csh". Edit the "OCTAVE" bin directory path as needed.
#!/bin/csh -f echo echo Building octave interface to CSPICE using the NAIF Mice code echo base. Warning: this interface is experimental and not an echo official NAIF product. echo # # Set the directory containing the "mkoctfile" executable (installed # with octave). This path is based on the octave install directory. # set OCTAVE=/local/bin # # -v Verbose mode, output compile, link command (use if needed) # -c Compile to object code # --mex Compile code based on the Matlab environment MEX # # # Compile the Mice source files for octave use. # $OCTAVE/mkoctfile --mex -c -I../../include mice.c -DOCTAVE $OCTAVE/mkoctfile --mex -c -I../../include zzmice.c $OCTAVE/mkoctfile --mex -c -I../../include zzmice_CreateIntScalar.c # # Link the source files to an extension library. Use the "mixed" # version of the CSPICE library. # $OCTAVE/mkoctfile --mex -o mice.mex \ mice.o \ zzmice.o \ zzmice_CreateIntScalar.o \ ../../lib/cspice_mix.a # # Clean-up and move the library to the expected directory, # lib/octave. # \rm *.o \mv mice.mex ../../lib/octave/mice.mexOnce complete, set the script to executable, then execute (from the mice/src/mice directory) the "mkprodct_octave.csh" script. The run should create "mice.mex" in the "mice/lib/octave" directory. Octave command syntax and grammar matches Matlab (in most cases). Use the "addpath" command to access the interface from octave:
addpath( '/path_to_mice/mice/lib/octave' ) addpath( '/path_to_mice/mice/src/mice' ) Common problemsPersistence of Kernel Data
The CSPICE design supposes use in a single program run-time environment; the program accomplishes its function, then quits. With respect to Mice, consider the Matlab environment as a single program run. Since Mice functions as an extension to Matlab, loaded kernels and opened files remain in memory after a script runs unless explicitly unloaded or closed (a script is not the program, Matlab is the program). Consequence: kernel data may be available to one of your scripts even though not intended to be so. You could get incorrect or unexpected results! Two approaches mitigate this issue. Load all needed SPICE kernels for your Matlab session at the beginning of the session, paying careful attention to the files loaded and the loading order (loading order affects precedence). Or, either unload unneeded kernels with cspice_unload, or clear all loaded kernels and kernel pool variables with cspice_kclear, at the end of the Matlab script to avoid both exceeding the maximum number of allowed loaded kernels and providing unintended access to kernel data. Defining Kernel Names with Relative Paths
Prevent this problem by:
Use on 32-bit vs 64-bit Platforms
??? Undefined function or method 'mice' for input arguments of ... Revisions
Added procedure instructions to create a CSPICE interface to the Octave environment, based on the Mice source code. 2010 MAR 15 by E. D. Wright. Previous edits.
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Joe Biden Stutters, Rambles in First Answer at Atlanta Democrat Debate
Former Vice President Joe Biden stuttered while answering the first question posed by moderators at the Democrat debate in Atlanta, Georgia, on Wednesday.
by Haris AlicJoe Biden, along with the other candidates on the stage, was asked about the impeachment inquiry into President Donald Trump that has been unfolding over the past week on Capitol Hill. Unlike the other Democrats, Biden’s response was disjointed and punctuated by a stutter at certain points. The stutter, which Biden has previously discussed overcoming as a child, caught the notice of many on social media.
Since jumping into the presidential race, the 77-year-old former vice president has been known to stammer and slur his words on the campaign trail. Most notably, Biden slurred through his first speech as a candidate in April, often confounding his audience by using words like “baldanny,” among others.
“I want to thank Rich Fritzgerald, the county executive for — the baladanny — the Allegheny County executive for being here,” the former vice president said at the time, before proceeding to stumble over the words dignity, success, and hospitals.


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| mapValues.spec.js | 87.5% | 14/16 | 100% | 4/4 | 75% | 6/8 | 100% | 11/11 | |
| read.spec.js | 100% | 40/40 | 100% | 4/4 | 100% | 10/10 | 100% | 37/37 | |
| readField.spec.js | 97.05% | 230/237 | 90% | 9/10 | 96.97% | 32/33 | 97.14% | 204/210 | |
| readFields.spec.js | 100% | 285/285 | 100% | 10/10 | 100% | 38/38 | 100% | 265/265 | |
| reducer.spec.js | 99.51% | 610/613 | 97.22% | 35/36 | 98.21% | 110/112 | 99.42% | 513/516 | |
| removeField.spec.js | 100% | 24/24 | 100% | 4/4 | 100% | 10/10 | 100% | 21/21 | |
| resetState.spec.js | 100% | 36/36 | 100% | 4/4 | 100% | 8/8 | 100% | 33/33 | |
| setErrors.spec.js | 100% | 41/41 | 100% | 4/4 | 100% | 18/18 | 100% | 38/38 | |
| setup.js | 100% | 5/5 | 100% | 0/0 | 100% | 0/0 | 100% | 5/5 | |
| updateField.spec.js | 100% | 87/87 | 100% | 4/4 | 100% | 18/18 | 100% | 84/84 | |
| wrapMapDispatchToProps.spec.js | 99.04% | 103/104 | 100% | 4/4 | 90.91% | 10/11 | 98.98% | 97/98 | |
| wrapMapStateToProps.spec.js | 100% | 52/52 | 100% | 4/4 | 100% | 12/12 | 100% | 43/43 | |
| write.spec.js | 100% | 131/131 | 100% | 8/8 | 100% | 24/24 | 100% | 113/113 |


TMDeleteFile Code Example
long session_handle;
unsigned char state_buffer[15360];
FileEntry fentry;
short result;
/* session_handle set from a call to TMExtendedStartSession */
...
/* get the unique registration number of the device to communicate with using TMFirst,TMNext,TMRom... */
...
fentry.name[0] = 'D';
fentry.name[1] = 'E';
fentry.name[2] = 'M';
fentry.name[3] = 'O';
fentry.extension = 0;
/* delete the file DEMO.000 */
result = TMDeleteFile(session_handle, state_buffer, &fentry);
if (result >= 0)
{
/* file is deleted */
...
}
else
{
/* error deleting file */
...
}
/* close the session with a call to TMEndSession */
...


David's Big Adventures on the Internet
A man that wears all hats!
Amateur Radio Notes
Linux Programming and Scripting
Electronics Lab
- A listing of radio & electronics projects
- The Z80 small computer group
Boats, boats, and more boats
Miscellaneous:
Copyright © 2020 by David Billsbrough


--- layout: post date: 2018-06-03 08:43:00 +0200 title: "Looking for a new Raspberry Pi image maintainer" categories: Artikel tags: - debian ---
This is taken care of: Gunnar Wolf has taken on maintenance of the Raspberry Pi image. Thank you!
(Cross-posting this message I sent to pkg-raspi-maintainers for broader visibility.)
I started building Raspberry Pi images because I thought there should be an easy, official way to install Debian on the Raspberry Pi.
I still believe that, but I’m not actually using Debian on any of my Raspberry Pis anymore¹, so my personal motivation to do any work on the images is gone.
On top of that, I realize that my commitments exceed my spare time capacity, so I need to get rid of responsibilities.
Therefore, I’m looking for someone to take up maintainership of the Raspberry Pi images. Numerous people have reached out to me with thank you notes and questions, so I think the user interest is there. Also, I’ll be happy to answer any questions that you might have and that I can easily answer. Please reply here (or in private) if you’re interested.
If I can’t find someone within the next 7 days, I’ll put up an announcement message in the raspi3-image-spec README, wiki page, and my blog posts, stating that the image is unmaintained and looking for a new maintainer.
Thanks for your understanding,
① just in case you’re curious, I’m now running cross-compiled Go programs directly under a Linux kernel and minimal userland, see https://gokrazy.org/


CrimPapers
Articles published on 30 August 2019
On 30 August 2019, 8 new articles were published in 6 journals.
College Students’ Fear of Crime and Perception of Safety: the Influence of Personal and University Prevention Measures by Shana L. Maier, Brett T. Deprince
Valuing the Public’s Demand For Crime Prevention Programs: A Discrete Choice Experiment
Mental Reinstatement of Context: Do Individual Differences in Mental Time Travel and Eyewitness Occupation Influence Eyewitness Performance Over Different Delay Intervals? by Karen Bangs,
james H. Smith‐spark
Pathways: Examining Street Network Configurations, Structural Characteristics and Spatial Crime Patterns in Street Segments
The Effect of Police Use of Lethal Force on Murder Levels in American Cities Before and After Ferguson
A Comprehensive Application of Rational Choice Theory: How Costs Imposed By, and Benefits Derived From, the U.s. Federal Government Affect Incidents Perpetrated By the Radical Eco-Movement
Characteristics of Children With Problem Sexual Behaviour and Adolescent Perpetrators of Sexual Abuse: A Systematic Review by Catia G. Malvaso, Michael Proeve, Paul Delfabbro, Jesse Cale
An Analysis of the Quality of Investigative Interviews With Children in France: Age of the Witness Does Matter by Fanny Verkampt, Olivier Dodier, Rebecca Milne, Magali Ginet


yougov
Businessmodel of YouGov
Customer Segments
YouGov’s products and services are utilised by a range of institutional, federal and corporate customers. The Company began by pursuing business within the public service sector before diversifying in order to take advantage of more profitable opportunities in the commercial sector.
YouGov has served a range of government agencies and bodies as well as companies across multiple sectors, including high-profile names from the following sectors:
- consumer goods
- digital, media and technology,
- automotive,
- retail
- cosmetics
- financial services
- politics
- public services and non-profit Among the Company’s recent clients are Airbnb, L’Oréal, Nissan Europe, Asda, Barclays, KFC, Bank of America, Google, and Microsoft.
Geographically, the US market is YouGov’s largest revenue generator, accounting for around one-third of the Company’s revenue, followed by the UK. The Company divides the remainder of its revenue across five regions: Middle East, Germany, Nordic, France and Asia Pacific.
Value Propositions
YouGov provides value to its customers through its provision of comprehensive research and analytics, its use of innovative technology solution, the efficiency and speed of its services and the ease with which its products acne be utilised.
YouGov implements a range of innovative data collection methods, combined with powerful analytics technology, to deliver accurate data products and expert insights. The Company claims to have effectively automated the process of data collection, analysis and presentation, enabling it to deliver results to its customers faster than competitors.
YouGov also collaborates with a network of partners to help it deliver data from a range of reliable sources, and works continuously with YouGov panelists to ensure it relays up-to-date information at all times.
Channels
YouGov operates a website at www.yougov.com, through which customers are able to find information on the Company’s products and services. Customers are also able to access their user accounts and some of the Company’s products through the relevant YouGov web pages.
While some subscription products can be accessed via YouGov’s online channel, more specialised and complex projects require a closer relationship between the client and the Company. YouGov operates sales offices across its seven regions of operations, through which clients are able to negotiate budgets and briefs, receiving a bespoke service on a project-by-project basis.
Customer Relationships
Many of YouGov’s products and services can be accessed on a self-service basis through its website. The Company’s more complex services must be acquired via direct interaction with members of the YouGov sales team, in order for the details of individual client briefs to be adequately met. Content published by YouGov is largely client-led.
YouGov provides a range of resource for its customers on its website, including webinars, white papers, and reports. The Company also hosts a blog to keep its customers updated with company developments and activity within the market research sector.
Customers of YouGov can also interact directly with the Company through its Facebook, Twitter and Google+ accounts.
Key Activities
YouGov is a UK-based international market research company. It operates across seven regional divisions – UK, Middle East, Germany, Nordic, US, Asia Pacific and France – to provide a range of custom and subscription-based market research services. It principally offers three product lines, comprising Custom Research services, Data Products, and Data Services.
The Company’s products include flagship daily brand perception tracker YouGov BrandIndex, planning and segmentation tool YouGov Profiles, digital behavior tracker YouGov Pulse, national survey service YouGov Omnibus, and market intelligence analysis product YouGov Reports.
The majority of the YouGov’s revenue is generated its Custom Research segment, which refers to YouGov’s provision of complex qualitative and quantitative research projects that commissioned individually by its clients and cover briefs tailored specifically to customer requirements and budgets.
Key Partners
YouGov cooperates with a range of companies and organisations, both to enhance its own products and services and to collaborate on joint-venture projects. The Company’s partners principally comprise:
- Media Partners, including online and offline publications, media houses and broadcasters;
- Academic Partners, including university departments and research institutions; and
- Technology Partners, including software developers, analytics providers, and data collection specialists. YouGov has recently established partnerships with publications and media houses including Liberation, Huffington Post and i-Télé, and in 2015 launched an academic partnership with Cambridge University’s Department of Politics and International Studies.
YouGov also partners with many of its clients to provide analysis and presentations for public consumption, such as its project with JC Deceaux to create a landmark identification game, and a project with Kickboard to analyse school culture initiatives across more than 2,500 schools.
Key Resources
YouGov’s key resources are its products, its data collection and analytics technology, its personnel, its network of partners, and its IT infrastructure.
YouGov’s partners in particular are key to its continuing success, extending the Company’s research and data collection reach and enabling it to provide more comprehensive results to its clients.
While YouGov’s technology is also a key factor in its operations, searches of published patent and trademark records in the US and worldwide identified no applications filed in YouGov’s name.
Cost Structure
YouGov incurs costs in relation to its research and development activities, its research and analysis services, the management of its network of partners, the maintenance of its IT infrastructure, and the retention of its personnel.
During 2015 the Company employed an average 622 members of staff, with average revenue per head in the form of salary and benefits amounting to £122,000. These employee costs represented 46% of the Company’s annual revenue. YouGov also operates a network of offices across is seven operating regions, accruing costs in the form of rent and utilities.
Revenue Streams
YouGov generates revenue through the provision of various market research and polling services. Its revenue is divided between its two principal operating segments – Products and Services and Custom Research – which consist of three revenue streams:
- the sale of subscription data products such as YouGov BrandIndex, YouGov Reports and YouGov Profiles;
- the sale of data services, principally comprising the Company’s YouGov Omnibus service; and
- the sale of custom research services, comprising a range of specialist quantitative and qualitative research projects. YouGov also generates a small amount of revenue from media buying activities, where the Company acts as an agent.
In 2015 YouGov generated an annual revenue of £76.1 million, up 13% on the previous year. The majority of this revenue is generated by the Company’s Custom Research business, which accounted for £49.9 million of the YouGov’s total revenue for the year. The remainder was made up by the Data Products and Services segment, with data products generating £11.9 million and data services generating £14.3 million.


Understanding and testing RESTful Web Services - Created by Mark Winteringham / @2bittester © 2016
Available at http://mwtestconsultancy.co.uk/presentations/understanding_web_services/
Please load up Google Chrome and install
| POSTMAN | www.getpostman.com |
| POSTMAN Interceptor | www.getpostman.com/features#interceptor |
Explore what is a Web Service
Discover different test design techniques
Build different requests to query and manipulate data
Going forward with the skills you've learnt
Creators of RESTFUL-BOOKER
A webservice that allows hotels to store booking details about their guests
Restful booker: www.github.com/mwinteringham/restful-booker
API details are in the README
Our test tool for the workshop
'A Web service is a software system designed to support interoperable machine-to-machine interaction over a network.'
http://www.w3.org/TR/2004/NOTE-ws-gloss-20040211/#webserviceMobile to Web Service
UI
Backend
Web Service to Web Service
Reports
Search
A service-oriented architecture
Resource
Booking resource:
id: 1
Something the service exposes to the end user to interact with such as an image, video, html, text, etc.
scheme ://host :port /resource ?queryString
http://localhost:3001/booking?name=mary
A query string indicates additional actions you might want to apply to the resource you want
GET /booking?checkin=2014-03-13&checkout=2014-05-21
Returns all bookings between two dates whereas:
GET /booking
Returns all the bookings
For example:
GET /booking?checkin=2014-03-13&checkout=2014-05-21
HTTP methods indicate an action the user would like to do on a resource
rest-reporter is a C.R.U.D. service
Create | = | POST |
Read | = | GET |
Update | = | PUT |
Delete | = | DELETE |
| - | Returns current bookings | |
| - | Creates a new booking |
OPTION http://localhost:3001/booking
Returns which Verbs can be used on a URI
"booking": { "firstname": "Sally", "lastname": "Brown", "totalprice": 111, "depositpaid": true, "additionalneeds": "Breakfast", "bookingdates": { "checkin": "2013-02-23", "checkout": "2014-10-23" } }
<created-booking> <booking> <firstname>Sally</firstname> <lastname>Brown</lastname> <totalprice>111</totalprice> <depositpaid>true</depositpaid> <additionalneeds>Breakfast</additionalneeds> <bookingdates> <checkin>2013-02-23</checkin> <checkout>2014-10-23</checkout> </bookingdates> </booking> </created-booking>
Indicator of how the service has responded to the request you've sent
| 1xx | Informational |
| 2xx | Success |
| 3xx | Redirection |
| 4xx | Client Error |
| 5xx | Server Error |
| 200 | Server has carried out its actions successfully |
| 404 | URI path doesn't exist |
| 403 | You're not authorised to access the path |
| 500 | Server error |
| 503 | Service is unavailable |
What did you learn?
A representation of the resource you want to create through the service
The parameters and the structure of the payload have strict rules
Which can also be known as a 'contract'
`Be conservative in what you do, be liberal in what you accept from others`
Postel's law
{
"firstName": "Mark",
"lastName": "test",
"totalPrice": 300.00,
"depositPaid": true,
"additionalNeeds": "Breakfast",
"bookingDates": {
"checkIn": "11/11/2014",
"checkOut": "12/11/2014"
}
}
String
Number
Boolean
Dates (String)
Define the operating parameters of an HTTP request such as:
And more: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_HTTP_header_fields
Adding headers can alter the behaviour of the service and its response
| Key: | Value | Outcome |
| Accept: | application/json | JSON is returned |
| Accept: | application/xml | XML is returned |
| Content-Type: | application/json | JSON is accepted |
| Content-Type: | text/xml | XML is accepted |
What did you learn?
Services generally have one or more layers of security such as:
This isn't an exhaustive list
There may be other layers of security in place
Comes in the form of a header
| Authorization | Basic Base64(username:password) |
| Authorization | Basic dXNlcm5hbWU6cGFzc3dvcmQ= |
POST /auth
{ username: admin, password: password123 }
Response
Set-Cookie: token=abc123
DELETE /booking/{id}
Cookie: token=abc123
Similar to POST but rather than create it updates
However, in the real world that might not be the case:
Similar to GET but it deletes rather than reads the resource
What did you learn?
Mobile to Web Service
UI
Backend
Restful-booker - https://github.com/mwinteringham/restful-booker
Slides - http://mwtestconsultancy.co.uk/presentations/understanding_web_services/


Getting Started Welcome to Ghost Welcome, it's great to have you here. We know that first impressions are important, so we've populated your new site with some initial getting started posts that will help you get familiar with everything in no time.


U-571 A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 2000 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): ***
One of the turning points in World War II came when we captured a German Enigma coding machine. This device, the Germans believed, made their codes uncrackable. Once we had the machine without the German's knowledge, we were able to break their codes without their being the wiser. By being able to read the German's secret orders to their subs, we were finally able to win the Battle of the Atlantic, thus allowing us to supply our troops in Europe.
U-571 tells a stirring tale of submarine warfare, inspired by these true events. Even though the picture may be criticized for being a fictionalized composite of various events, it's probably closer to the truth than many films that claim to be true stories. Regardless of this, it is most certainly an exhilarating and satisfying thriller that will have you on the edge of your seat once the battles begin.
The movie's only serious flaw is that director Jonathan Mostow (BREAKDOWN), who shares the writing credits with Sam Montgomery and David Ayer, lets his movie drift at first as he takes too long setting up the plot. But, after the movie finds its sea legs, you won't have time to catch your breath in this first action movie of the summer. (Okay, I know it's only spring, but this film, with it's realistic battle sequences, is a big budget, summer thriller even if it arrives in port a bit early.)
The plan is to outfit an American sub and crew to look German.  They will then scuttle the German sub so that the Germans don't know that we have their translating machine.  The tension is palpable, causing your adrenaline to pump like crazy.
As Captain Dahlgren, Bill Paxton gives the movie's only wooden performance, arguably because of his stilted dialog. ("Relax Gentlemen, she's old but she'll hold," he reassures the others about their fake German sub.) His XO is played by the film's star, Matthew McConaughey, who turns in one of his most convincing pieces of acting, eschewing his tendency to superciliousness (AMISTAD, for example). Harvey Keitel plays the wise old Chief who guides his XO on how best to command.
The rest of the ensemble cast (Jon Bon Jovi, Jake Weber, Erik Palladino, Matthew Settle, David Keith, T.C. Carson, Derk Cheetwood, Will Estes, Tom Guiry, Jack Noseworthy and Dave Power) work as well together as a crew would at sea.
If there is one part of the movie that best captures the film's essence, it is the realistically frightening depth charge scenes. Imagine being a couple of hundred feet under water as the enemy above you drops drum after drum of explosives at you. An imaginative captain can help, but basically you have to wait and pray that they will miss you.
One of the few unabashedly patriotic movies in some time, U-571 pays homage to our brave soldiers who fought and died in a world at war. And it lets you vicariously feel some of their trauma as they wonder if each moment will be their last.
U-571 runs 1:56. It is rated PG-13 for war violence and would be fine for kids around 12 and up.
Email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Web: http://www.InternetReviews.com
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Well, i actually don't like it, it's frustating 🤦♀. Let's move on to next one.
YEESSSSSSS!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
K-POP!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
I AM JUST ADDICTED TO IT!!!!!!!
AND STRAY KIDS💜💜!!!!!!!!!
Yeaah, I waste most of my day on my computer gaming 🤤
ANIME!!!!!!!!!!!
Well, more depends on which anime but ANIME!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
My Social Links 🤷♀


Rotaract originally began as a Rotary International youth program in 1968 at Charlotte North Rotary Club in Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, and has grown into a major Rotary-sponsored organization of over 10,904 clubs spread around the world and 250,792 members in 184 countries. It is a service, leadership, professional and community service organization for young men and women between the ages 18–30 (membership will end upon reaching 31 years of age).
Rotaract focuses on the development of young adults as leaders in their communities and workplaces. Clubs around the world also take part in international service projects, in a global effort to bring peace and international understanding to the world.
“Rotaract” stands for “Rotary in Action”, although the name originally comes from a combination of “Rotary” and “Interact” (International + Action), the high school level program created by Rotary International in 1962.
Most Rotaract activities take place at the club level. Rotaract clubs hold formal meetings, usually every two weeks, which feature speakers, special outings, social activities, discussions or visits to other clubs. Club members get together on designated days for service project work, social events, or professional/leadership development workshops.
To be eligible for membership, prospective members must be 18–30 years of age, show that they are committed to Rotaract, and show that they are of good standing in the community. After being approved by the club, prospective members are ‘inducted’ to become members, also known as ‘Rotaractors’.
The avenues of service include Club Service, Community Service, International Service and Professional Development.
Remember us always as thy children
Oh lord, Instill in us the true meaning of friendship
That the differences of cultures and creed should not matter
At all times endow with us the Desire to serve
Remembering that we too often need help
As and when the need for service arises
Caring to make our badge of Rotaract worthwhile
Tell us that we have not lived in vain
Is it the TRUTH?
Is it FAIR to all concerned?
Will it build GOODWILL and better friendships?
Will it be BENEFICIAL to all concerned?
Always, we shine where it matters,
To serving our fellow men, like no other,
No matter, the creed or culture,
We pull it together, to care for others
It’s our friendship that makes us thrive,
True sense of fellowship that makes us shine,
As Rotaractors we always try,
To reach out and make things bright,
Together we can make it happen,
For our fellow men, like no other,
No matter the creed or culture,
And we are proud to Rotaractors
It’s our friendship that makes us thrive,
True sense of fellowship that makes us shine,
As Rotaractors we always try,
To reach out and make things bright,
Together we can make it happen,
For our fellow men, like no other,
No matter the creed or culture,
And we are proud to be Rotaractors


--- layout: default ---
Updated Mar 10, 2021
Born into a working-class family in China, I grew up during a time of rapid economic development in my hometown of Nanjing. I observed firsthand many of the social inequalities that plague developing countries: the income gap is growing. A deteriorating environment accompanies industrialization. Marginalized groups, such as girls in rural areas, face discrimination in education and job markets. I appreciate the potential impact that computer science could have in reducing issues of inequality. I believe that the development of information technology can and should improve the overall welfare of human society by helping to build more fair systems and eliminate the inequity among different social groups.
I have been fascinated by robots described in fiction as they can accomplish the difficult or repetitive tasks that humans cannot or are unwilling to do. In my undergrauate years at Northeastern University, I developed a humanoid robot that imitates human movements. After I entered UC Berkeley, I continued to learn about machine learning, robotics, and data science. In the hope of improving the lives of people born with disadvantages, I joined Professor Brian A. Barsky's Assistive Technology project, using computer vision to help disabled people control cursors without a physical mouse.
I do not doubt that computer science will help to build a more diverse community in schools and companies. Personally, IT products such as Coursera and Duolingo helped me improve my communicational and professional skills when I was in China. In the summer of 2018, I worked in a startup company that made educational applications for English learners. During my master's program at Berkeley, I worked part-time as a full-stack software engineer on the Teaming by Design Platform. Our mission was to help students form diverse teams in class projects and learn how to collaborate. I enjoy working on such projects that bring equality and unity to our society.


Translation to Spanish is handled by Manuel Carrasco Moñino.
You are welcome to contribute in translating more Hudson stuff, or suggesting changes to the actual translation, if so, please feel free to get in touch with Manuel.
'translation-tool ' is a useful piece of code created to do the Spanish translation, it could help you in the case you want to contribute to translate anything.
Discussions
The terminology used to translate Hudson elements into Spanish can be controversial, we would like to know your opinion. If you have any suggestion leave your comments in the bottom of this page.
This is a list of this sort of words, and how they have been translated into Spanish
English |
Spanish |
|---|---|
Build |
Tarea, Trabajo o Proyecto |
Built |
Ejecución |
Launch |
Ejecutar |
Fingerprint |
Firma de ficheros |
Dashboard |
Panel de control |
Status
Hudson Core
March 2010: Messages and Jelly files are 100% translated. Html help files are not translated yet.
Hudson plugins translated right now.
cobertura
cvs
emma
jobConfigHistory
nested-view
performance
postbuild-task
scis-ad
sonar
ssh-slaves
subversion
translation


You’ve done it - you’ve built a small project and managed to convince your peers that the Typesafe Reactive Platform is the way that you can solve problems related to scalability, accelerating the productivity of your team and building modern, high quality applications. Everyone is excited to start programming with the beauty of Scala, Akka and Play. Only one thing left to do - convince the boss.
Adoption of any new technology is challenging. There are a number of factors that need to be carefully taken into account and managed properly to ensure that the costs of adoption end up being lower than the cost of non-adoption. There are five topics that tend to be top of mind for managers and business leaders when assessing the adoption of Scala versus either other technologies or the maintenance of existing frameworks and libraries.
Training staff on new technology or recruiting experts is a cost that doesn’t exist when a corporation sticks to their existing technologies. As such, it’s important that the impact of the adoption of the Typesafe Reactive Platform is emphasized in any discussion of creating a Scala team. Developers working in the Typesafe Reactive Platform will be able to create higher quality software more quickly that scales better than legacy platforms.
In order to create a Scala team, there are two options - recruit or train. With the popularity of Scala exploding, recruiting developers with more than a year’s worth of production Scala experience can be challenging and it is generally not cost effective or possible to staff an entire Scala team using recruitment alone. A combination of targeted recruitment and a well structured onboarding including training, mentorship and support provides the strongest path to success.
In the last few years there has been some criticism of Scala; it’s mostly been accused of being too complex. In this report, Zero Turnaround opines that the perceived complexity of Scala actually arises more from the diversity of the ecosystem rather than the language itself. Then they take a look at a simpler subset of Scala that is perhaps a good place to start for Java teams.
Read The ReportDianne Marsh, Director of Engineering for Cloud Tools at Netflix and co-author of Atomic Scala, explores best practices for learning Scala in this 30-minute introductory video.
Watch The VideoScala school started as a series of lectures at Twitter to prepare experienced engineers to be productive Scala programmers. This is the written material that accompanied those lectures, which Twitter has found useful in their own right.
Read The Community StoryHiring experienced Scala developers can be challenging. BoldRadius walks through the options they've used to bring on top talent.
Learn About Hiring DevelopersTraining a Scala team, if done in a structured and focused way, should not be overly onerous and there are a lot of resources available. Typesafe offers a series of 2-day corporate training options and Typesafe partners extend this to include practical, hands-on practice in the technologies along with mentorship. Once training is complete, the Typesafe Subscription provides developers with support to ensure that they don’t get hung up with framework issues.
Twitter created a living document on GitHub to reflect its current “best practices” around core ideals: Always favor readability; write generic code but not at the expense of clarity; take advantage of simple language features that afford great power but avoid the esoteric ones (especially in the type system). This guide attempts to distill their experience into short essays, providing a set of best practices that might be useful for your newbies.
Read the developer best practiceWorkday has been using Scala for a couple of years now. The availability of engineers with Scala experience is getting better. Most of the time, however, they are building their team by helping experienced Java developers become Scala developers. You can learn more about their approach on GitHub.
Read the developer best practiceMike Kelland, BoldRadius CEO, describes his five top tips for how to onboard new scala developers.
Read the TipsHiren Hiranandani, Senior Scala Trainer at BoldRadius walks through how they approach Scala training and some of the idiosyncrasies involved in training Scala
Read the ApproachExecuted correctly, and with the help of a Typesafe partner, an experienced developer can be brought up to competency with Scala in about 2 weeks. Since Scala is so flexible and powerful, self learning can extend the learning curve significantly and impact the ability of the organization to fully realize the benefits of adopting the Typesafe Reactive Platform. Scala’s flexibility can be a challenge in self-led learning as inconsistencies can creep into the corporate code base.
In this use-case presentation, Sr. Architect Devin Ben-Hur addresses questions such as: How and why did we choose Scala? How did we go about training the team on the new language and technology stack? What has the adoption experience been for an engineering team rooted in dynamic languages?
View the presentationBelow is suggested Scala reading to help stimulate a self-learning environment for your team:
Bruce and Dianne observed that it would be possible to teach Scala to a beginning programmer and, if they did things right, it would actually be an easier language to learn than Java. The goal of this book is to bridge the gap between the beginner books—either beginning programmer, or just Scala beginner with experience in another language—and the rest of the books out there. If Bruce and Dianne can get you past this first set of hurdles, then you’ll be ready for the next step, probably Cay Horstman's, Scala for the Impatient.
Download the free e-bookEvery concept and technique in Scala for the Impatient is presented in "blog-size" chunks that can be digested quickly and reviewed as needed for specific tasks. Horstmann offers hands-on activities that guide readers through four well-defined stages of competency: basic, intermediate, advanced and expert
Download the free E-BookThis is a unique book designed to help you integrate Scala effectively into your development process. By presenting the emerging best practices and designs from the Scala community, it guides you through dozens of powerful techniques example by example. There's little heavy-handed theory here—just dozens of crisp, practical techniques for coding in Scala. Written for readers who know Java, Scala, or another OO language.
Download the free E-BookWhen making an investment in new technology, organizations need to be sure that the technology has the longevity to return that investment. In addition, enterprises need to ensure that their technology choices are proven and stable before they adopt. Enterprise software typically has a 10-year or longer lifetime and the technology base that it is built on needs to match.
Scala’s design was started in 2001 and the first release was in 2003. The versions are stable and it is being used in a wide variety of large-scale, mission critical systems, most notably in the financial, media and social media sectors. Scala is also enjoying a meteoric rise in popularity from below 50th rank on the TIOBE programming language rankings in 2012 to 31st in 2013 and up to 12th in the RedMonk Language Popularity Rankings.
The influential ThoughtWorks Technology Radar has put Scala into its “Adopt” category, indicating that it has crossed a threshold and they recommend adoption among enterprise software developers.
One of the best indicators of Scala’s increasing popularity is that many of the new features included in the upcoming Java 8 release have been inspired by Scala. While the Java 8 implementations are generally simplified and do not provide the same power and benefits of the Scala implementations, the adoption of those kinds of features supports the notion that Scala’s time has come.
People often ask me if lambdas coming to Java will slow the adoption of Scala. Quite the opposite! Instead, I feel the acceptance of these features by the Java Community Process validates our innovation in language design on the JVM. As developers come to understand what these features are and how they work, they will also develop a better appreciation of the more extensive support of functional programming that Scala provides.
Read The ArticleScala and the Typesafe Reactive Platform have been enjoying rapid adoption in large part due to recent evolutions in hardware. Hardware is becoming increasingly parallel, with a deep focus on increasing the aggregate multi-threaded performance of systems rather than increasing the speed of a single thread. As such, traditional server approaches that provide developers with a single threaded abstraction and multiplex requests at the process level are becoming less and less efficient. The Typesafe Reactive Platform allows developers to more easily create applications that have built-in multi-threading capabilities and that can fully leverage these new hardware designs.
Scala's appealing fusion of the object-oriented and functional programming paradigms has brought it a substantial following since its introduction in 2003. Scala has demonstrated that you can have the benefits of compile-time static typing -- with a very powerful type system -- while preserving the "rapid application development" aspects and productivity usually associated with dynamically typed languages. Featuring excellent support for concurrent programming using the Actor model, as well as terrific supporting libraries and frameworks like Akka and Play, Scala is poised to be a major mainstream player for decades to come.
Read The ArticleAdoption of Scala is low risk due to the stability and history of the platform and language, the fact that it runs on the JVM and the rising popularity of functional programming as evidenced by its incorporation in Java 8 and its alignment with modern hardware design.
"There was a level of trust that we all had in the JVM. We were confident we could pull off a sea change for Twitter in the world of the JVM. We estimated that rewriting our codebase [in Scala] could get us > 10x performance." Raffi Krikorian, VP, Platform Engineering, Twitter
Read the community storyAs organizations build systems to run their businesses, there is a corresponding build up of infrastructure to support those systems. This includes things like server infrastructure, monitoring systems, logging systems, development tools, debugging and performance management tools.
Scala, unlike many new technologies, has the advantage of running on the JVM and easily integrating with existing JVM infrastructure. Developers comfortable with IntelliJ IDEA or Eclipse need only install a plugin to start working with full syntax highlighting in Scala. Existing libraries and code bases built in Java can be directly used and integrated into new Scala projects. Performance and monitoring tools that work with at the JVM level will work with Scala based systems and some, such as New Relic, have specific Scala integration.
In general, any team currently using Java can switch to Scala development with minimal impact on tools and infrastructure.
As hardware becomes increasingly focused on multi-threaded performance and software increasingly centralized for larger and larger numbers of users, there is a growing need for software designers to build multi-threaded and high performance systems. Scala, Play and Akka all handle this challenge in specific ways that will increasingly become the norm for prudent application design.
Over the course of a few seconds, Gilt’s traffic can increase by as much as 100x. Essentially, they need to have the e-commerce infrastructure almost at Amazon scale for at least 15 minutes every day.
Read The ArticlePlay’s built-in use of the Netty framework and unique push/pull model of thread management allows the framework to intelligently use threads. Play can accept a web connection on one thread, maintain the connection, drop the thread when there is a long-running process such as a database request and allocate a new thread to service the request when the process returns.
Akka is built for scalability and provides applications with a distributed-by-design and isolation of functionality using the actor model. Akka provides the ability to create large scale, distributed systems with built in failure management through a supervisor hierarchies and lends itself well to highly concurrent applications where responsiveness, resiliency, and scalability are critical.
Scala’s immutable-first design is expressly built to enable developers to build applications that are safely multi-threaded. With immutable data structures, it is impossible to create race conditions. This makes it much safer to create code that is multi-threaded and can take advantage of the hardware.
Scala, Akka and Play provide strong benefits in terms of developer productivity. The Scala language, in particular, requires far less boilerplate and lines of code than a typical Java application performing the same function. This terseness can reduce code base sizes by over 50%.
There have also been studies that have shown that dense code, in the Scala style, are easier to understand. Scala puts more of the logic on one page of text, providing developers with the ability to more easily reason about the effect of the code in front of them. Well designed Scala also makes more use of functional code with fewer side-effects, providing developers with more opportunity for safe reuse of code segments.
The research paper of Gilles Dubochet at EPFL reports, on average, it is 30% faster to comprehend algorithms that use for-comprehensions and maps, as in Scala, rather than those with the iterative while-loops of Java.
Read the ReportThe survey created by Graham Lea regarding the perceived productivity gains of Scala developers shows that Java programmers who learn Scala generally feel more productive pretty much straight away.
Read the ReportThe Play Framework provides strong productivity enhancements over traditional compiled web frameworks like J2EE or .NET. Its RESTful, MVC-focused architecture means that generating a web application with persistence is extremely rapid. In addition, its “just refresh” style of development is reminiscent of dynamic languages such as Ruby, PHP and Python while still offering the performance and maintainability benefits of compiled code.
Akka is an asynchronous event-driven middleware for building high performance and reliable distributed applications. Akka decouples business logic from low-level mechanisms such as threads, locks and non-blocking I/O. Java and Scala program logic lives in lightweight Actor objects, which send and receive messages in a reactive fashion. With Akka, you can easily configure how Actors will be created, destroyed, scheduled, and how to deal with failures.