Intro to C++
C++ is a statically typed, compiled language, and it can be used across multiple platforms. Moreover, C++ is a great programming language for high-performance computing as it provides the user with much control over memory and system resources. It is also great for object-oriented programming and therefore it is used for a wide range of applications.
Creating a C++ program and some basic syntax
- Write your code using a text editor and save as
filename.cpp
. - To compile the file from the terminal use
g++ filename.cpp -o filename
. - The executable program can now be called from within the saved directory using
./filename
.
Let’s examine a basic piece of code that prints “Hello World!”.
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
// MAIN FUNCTION
int main() {
cout << "Hello World!";
return 0;
}
#include <iostream>
is a header file library which adds additional functionality to C++ programs. In this case we use it forstd::cout
which outputs objects, such as text, to the screen.using namespace std
allows us to use object and variable names from the standard library.- Note that every statement must end with
;
. - The
main
function is the function that is executed when the program is executed. The type of the output must also be specified, which in this case isint
, an integer. - The
cout
function together with the<<
operator simply outputs the text “Hello World!”. - The function ends with the
return 0
statement. - Comments are created using
//
. For multi-line comments one start with/*
and end with*/
.
Variables
There are various types of variables for storing data values. Some of the main ones are:
int
: integersdouble
: floating point numbersbool
: boolean valueschar
: single characters, such as ‘c’ or ‘A’ (enclosed within single quotes)string
: stores text, such as “Hello” (enclosed within double quotes)
Because C++ is a typed language we must always specify the type of the variable when we declare it. For example,
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
int main()
{
std::string a="hello";
int b=2;
bool c=true;
float d=2.3;
std::cout << "This is a string: " << a << std::endl;
std::cout << "This is an integer: " << b << std::endl;
std::cout << "This is a boolean: " << c << std::endl;
std::cout << "This is a float: " << d << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Also note that variables of the same type can be declared at the same time using
int a = 1, b = 2, c = 3;
Operators
- Arithmetic operators:
+
(addition),-
(subtraction),*
(multiplication),/
(division),%
(modulus),++
(increment). - Comparison operators:
==
(equal),!=
(not equal),<
(less than),<=
(less than or equal to) - Logical operators:
&&
(and),||
(or),!
(not)
Conditions
A basic example for using conditions that returns whether the assigned value of \(i\) is positive, negative or zero.
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
int i=35;
if (i>0)
{
std::cout << "i is positive" << std::endl;
}
else if (i==0)
{
std::cout << "i is zero" << std::endl;
}
else
{
std::cout << "i is negative" << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
For Loop
To demonstrate the usage of loops, we create a quick program that counts back from \(5\) and then prints the text “Run!”.
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
for (int i=5; i>0; i--)
{
std::cout << i << std::endl;
}
std::cout << "Run!" << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Note that there are \(3\) statement required to execute the for loop:
- The first statement is executed one time at the beginning. In this case it sets the variable \(i\) to be the integer \(5\).
- The second argument defines the condition for executing the code. While this condition holds the code block is executed again.
- Every time after the code block has been executed the last statement is run. In our case we decrement the variable \(i\) by \(1\) after every iteration.
While Loop
The while loop runs the code block while the specified condition is satisfied. For example, the same code above can be rewritten as:
#include <iostream>
int main()
{
int i = 5;
while (i!=0) {
std::cout << i << std::endl;
i--;
}
std::cout << "Run!" << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Functions
A C++ function consists of two parts:
- declaration :
return_type function_name(parameters)
. Note that a function doesn’t necessarily need any parameters. - definition : code to be executed.
This program contains \(3\) functions that are then used in the main function.
#include <iostream>
//COMPUTE SUM
int sum ( int a, int b)
{
int c = a + b;
return c;
}
//CHECK IF NUMBER IS EVEN
bool even ( int a)
{
return a % 2 == 0;
}
//FUNCTION THAT PRINTS TEXT AND HAS NO RETURN VALUE.
void print_hello()
{
std::cout << "Hello!" << std::endl;
}
int main()
{
int c = sum(2,4);
std::cout << "2 + 4 = " << c << std::endl;
std::cout << "Is 4 even? " << even(4) << std::endl;
print_hello();
return 0;
}
Notes:
- You can only use functions that have already been declared. C++ works from top to bottom.
- You can have multiple functions in one file.
- Multiple functions can share the same name, but use different parameters. However, the functions definition must be the same. For example, we might want to use the
sum
function to sum both integers and doubles.
Variable Scopes
The scope of a variable is the region of the program that can see and access that variable. There are two main such regions:
- local: inside a function
- global: outside of all functions
Esentially, every set of brackets defines a scope.
We use the example that we used for the loops. We declare the global variable outsite of main()
, i=10
. Then within the for (int i=5; i>0; i--)
scope of the for loop we declare a local variable with the same name, i=5
, which at the end of the loop has the value i=1
. However, because we have only modified the local variable, when we print it at the end of the code block, outside of the loop, it has the original value i=10
.
#include <iostream>
//DECLARE GLOBAL VARIABLE
int i;
int main()
{
//DEFINE GLOBAL VARIABLE
int i = 10;
for (int i=5; i>0; i--)
{
std::cout << i << std::endl;
}
std::cout << "Run!" << std::endl;
std::cout << "The current value of i is: " << i << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Vectors
C++ vectors can only hold elements that have the same type. To see how vectors work in action we use the countdown example above and append the values from \(5\) to \(1\) to the vector.
#include <iostream>
#include <vector>
int main()
{
//DECLARE VECTOR TO STORE INTEGERS AND INITIALIZE WITH SOME VALUES
std::vector<int> vect = {5, 4, 3, 2};
//APPEND VALUES TO THE END OF THE VECTOR
vect.push_back( 1 );
//PRINT VECTOR VALUES USING THE LOOOP
std::cout << "vect{ ";
int i = 0;
while (i!=5) {
//PRINT THE iTH ELEMENT OF THE VECTOR
std::cout << vect[i] << " ";
i++;
}
std::cout << "}" << std::endl;
return 0;
}
Dictionaries
The dictionaries in C++ are called maps and they contain values that can be accessed using a key, which they all have to be the same type for the dictionary. Similarly, all the stored values within one dictionary have to have the same type.
Let’s create a map that stores doubles indexed by strings.
#include <iostream>
#include <map>
#include <string>
int main()
{
//DECLARE THE MAP
std::map<std::string, double> famous_numbers;
//ADD KEY-VALUE PAIRS
famous_numbers["pi"] = 3.1416;
famous_numbers["e"] = 2.7183;
famous_numbers["golden ratio"] = 1.6180;
//LOOP THROUGH ALL THE VALUES BASED ON THE INDECES AND PRINT THEM
for (auto item : famous_numbers)
{
//GET THE INDEX OF THE ITEM
std::string index = item.first;
//GET VALUE BY INDEX
double value = famous_numbers[index];
//OUTPUT KEY-VALUE PAIR
std::cout << "The famous number " << index << " is (approximately) equal to " << value << std::endl;
}
return 0;
}
Objects and Classes
Terminology:
- object = building block of OOP
- class = set of objects that share a common structure and behaviour
- method = function associated with a particular class
Core concepts:
encapsulation: each object keeps its state private so that other objects dont have direct access to its state. The only way to communicate with an object is via methods, private or public.
abstraction: the details of internal implementation are hidden, and only the high-level mechanism for the operations relevant to other objects is exposed.
inheritance: a child class inherits the attributes and methods of a parent class but it also has its own.
polymorphism: different classes can use the same interface by choosing the right method to call (the “+” operator can be used both for summing integers and matrices)
Often we want to declare the classes in different files. In that case we might want to write \(3\) main files when using classes.
- A header file, called
square.h
, used to declare the class and the related functions or methods.
#ifndef _SQUARE_H
#define _SQUARE_H
// SQUARE CLASS
class Square
{
//AVAILABLE OUTSIDE CLASS
public:
//DECLARE CONSTRUCTOR
Square(double side_length);
//DECLARE METHOD
double area();
//AVAILABLE ONLY TO FUNCTIONS WITHIN THE CLASS
private:
double _side_length;
};
#endif
Notes:
- You need a semicolon aFter declaring the class.
- The functions and data are categorised as either
public
, so they are available outside of the class, or asprivate
, so available only to functions within the class. Usually theprivate
variables or functions start with an underscore_
.
- A definition file
square.cpp
.
#include "square.h"
#include <iostream>
// DEFINE CONSTRUCTOR
Square::Square(double side_length)
{
// SAVE THE PRIVATE PARAMETER
this->_side_length = side_length;
}
// DEFINE METHOD
double Square::area()
{
return this->_side_length * this->_side_length;
}
Notes:
- The constructor must have the same name as the class.
- To create a method associated to the class you must use the syntax
class_name::method_name
. - Methods can access the private data and functions. This is done via
this->_private
.
Finally, create the main file main.cpp
.
#include "square.h"
#include <iostream>
int main(){
//CREATE SQUARES WITH SIDE LENGTHS 3 AND 4.5
Square square_obj_1(3);
Square square_obj_2(4.5);
//PRINT SQUARE AREAS
std::cout << "Square 1 has area " << square_obj_1.area() << std::endl;
std::cout << "Square 2 has area " << square_obj_2.area() << std::endl;
return(0);
}
We have create two Square
objects with different side lengths and printed their areas computed using the area
method.


Society for Civil and Environmental Engineers (SCEE) is a society of Delhi Technological University (formerly Delhi College of Engineering) which works towards providing practical and innovative paths of learning in the field of Civil and Environmental engineering. The society was founded in the year 2009. The society works to provide its members various opportunities such as to participate in events related to bestowing practical knowledge in the field of civil and environmental engineering. The society also aims at providing various workshops, seminars, Student Interest Groups (SIGs), projects and field visits.
The society is under our faculty advisor Prof. A.K. Srivastava and guided by the H.O.D of Civil Engineering Department Prof. Nirendra Dev. The society works towards providing vital practical knowledge and learning to all the members and students.
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What we are doing !!
For engineers, it has been a routine challenge how to optimally manage available natural and capital to construct high-quality roads and to minimize repair and maintenance costs, the poor tensile strength of the soil. A sustainable option to manage high quality is to stabilize pavement structures by using some stabilization techniques that improve pavement structural strength, lessen repair and maintenance costs, and use on-site or recycled materials and we also need the soil to be strengthened, which is done by strengthening the soil mass is to improve stability, increase bearing capacity and reduce settlements and lateral deformation. There are several methods to approach the other problem, one of those methods is geocell reinforcement.
For engineers, it has been a routine challenge how to optimally manage available natural and capital to construct high-quality roads and to minimize repair and maintenance costs, the poor tensile strength of the soil. A sustainable option to manage high quality is to stabilize pavement structures by using some stabilization techniques that improve pavement structural strength, lessen repair and maintenance costs, and use on-site or recycled materials and we also need the soil to be strengthened, which is done by strengthening the soil mass is to improve stability, increase bearing capacity and reduce settlements and lateral deformation. There are several methods to approach the other problem, one of those methods is geocell reinforcement.
For engineers, it has been a routine challenge how to optimally manage available natural and capital to construct high-quality roads and to minimize repair and maintenance costs, the poor tensile strength of the soil. A sustainable option to manage high quality is to stabilize pavement structures by using some stabilization techniques that improve pavement structural strength, lessen repair and maintenance costs, and use on-site or recycled materials and we also need the soil to be strengthened, which is done by strengthening the soil mass is to improve stability, increase bearing capacity and reduce settlements and lateral deformation. There are several methods to approach the other problem, one of those methods is geocell reinforcement.
For engineers, it has been a routine challenge how to optimally manage available natural and capital to construct high-quality roads and to minimize repair and maintenance costs, the poor tensile strength of the soil. A sustainable option to manage high quality is to stabilize pavement structures by using some stabilization techniques that improve pavement structural strength, lessen repair and maintenance costs, and use on-site or recycled materials and we also need the soil to be strengthened, which is done by strengthening the soil mass is to improve stability, increase bearing capacity and reduce settlements and lateral deformation. There are several methods to approach the other problem, one of those methods is geocell reinforcement.
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Code on Github Documentation


How To Grow Papaya Crop
Introduction
The fruit tree may be a fast-growing, short-lived, and tropical tree. Papaya belongs to the dilleniid dicot genusceae|papaya family|dilleniid dicot family} and botanically known as as Carica papaya. Papaya is one amongst the vital fruit crops of Hawaii, Malaysia, Burma, Sri Lanka, India, Queens Land, South Africa, and different tropical and sub-tropical countries of the world. Papaya fruit occupies 2.0 p.c total fruit crop space and 5.3 percent of total fruit production in India. The plant’s fruits might war a range of shapes, together with pear-like or round, and are noted for his or her sweet, yellow or orange flesh.
Soil and climate conditions
Papaya may be a tropical, plant, sensitive to frost. Optimum temperature vary is twenty five – 30°C and minimum 16°C. the acceptable pH scale worth for papaya is between half-dozen and 6.5. The well-drained or sandy dirt soil with adequate organic matter is vital for the papaya cultivation. In high precipitation area, if drain is poor and roots are incessantly drenched for twenty-four to forty eight hours, it will cause the death of the plants. Sticky and chalky soils aren't sensible as rain might accumulate within the soil even just for a number of hours. during this case, a better raised bed and additionally drainage ditch are recommended. The growing field should be irrigable and unbroken at appropriate soil wetness that is critical for the expansion of papaya. Continuous cropping within the same field may end up in poor growth and cause malady issues of papaya trees. Papaya plant doesn't just like the strong, cool, hot, dry or salty wind. And it's higher to grow in protected however full sunshine place.
Growing papaya from seed:
Propagation by seed is that the universally followed system of multiplication in papaya. tho' this technique does not safeguard the purity of the progeny, it's inevitable as of the absence of associatey commercially possible vegetative propagation technique. With the commercialisation of papaya cultivation, the demand for quality seeds of well-established plant varieties has increased. Few tries are created within the past to extend effective ways of manufacturing quality seeds and maintain their viability. While, growing Papaya from seed is an exercise in patience, because the seeds are slow to germinate and need special care. within the wild, Papaya trees naturally grow as understory trees. Germinating Papaya seeds and young seedlings of pawpaw are very sensitive and even killed by direct sunlight. To with success grow Papaya from seed, you'll ought to offer them with some shade for the primary year or two.
Sowing
The optimum temperature vary is twenty one – 27° C, and of radical emergence is nineteen – twenty nine °C. It takes 1 to four weeks from sowing to emerge looking on the temperature range. The contemporary seed is extracted from matured papaya fruits that had high initial wetness content that was dried to a secure moisture content of concerning 8% by spreading on out-of-door trays. The seed germination check was administrated in double chamber seed germination. For alternate temperatures, the lower temperature was maintained for sixteen hours and a better temperature vary for eight hours every day.
Irrigation
Papaya is commercially propagated by seed and by tissue culture plants. The seed rate is 250 to three hundred grams/ha. The seedlings may be raised in nursery beds 3meters long, onemeter wide and ten cm. high furthermore as in pots or in polyethylene bags. The papaya seeds when being treated with 0.1% Monosan (phenylmercuric acetate), and ceresan, and so on are seeded 1 cm. deep in rows 10 centimeters apart and lined with fine compost or leaf mould. the sunshine irrigation system is provided throughout the morning hours. The nursery beds are covered with polythene sheets to safeguard the seedlings. concerning fifteen to twenty cm. tall seedlings are chosen for planting in concerning two months.
Fertilizer
Papaya plants would like loads of fertilizing. they're significantly greedy for gas and fertilize them regularly. you'll use an entire fertilizer, or like chicken manure. Papaya plants handle robust or contemporary manures fairly well. you must be generous with compost, and simply keep spile on the mulch because the plants grow bigger. .
Diseases occurred in crop:
| Name of Disease | Caused by | Symptoms | Management |
|---|---|---|---|
| Anthracnose and charcoal spot | Fungus | Small water-soaked lesions of fruit during ripening; circular sunken lesions with light brown margins. | Appropriate protective fungicides should be applied; dipping fruits in hot water at 48°C for 20 minutes reduces the incidence of the disease. |
| Black rot | Fungus | Black sunken rot on young fruits originating from stem end or contact with a leaf; young fruit withering and dropping from plant; small, brown sunken lesions with light brown margins on ripening fruit. | Appropriate protective fungicides should be applied; dipping fruits in hot water at 48°C for 20 minutes reduces the incidence of the disease. |
| Internal yellowing | Bacteria | Flesh of ripe fruit discolored yellow; discolored areas soft with spreading margins; rotting odor. | Dipping fruits in hot water at 48°C for 20 minutes reduces the incidence of the disease and is currently the only method of control. |
| Papaya ringspot | Virus | Dark green rings on fruit which may be slightly sunken and become less distinct as the fruit ripens; fruits may have uneven bumps; leaves often exhibit a bright yellow mosaic pattern and new leaves are small and plant growth is stunted. | Infected plants should be removed and destroyed to prevent spread of the virus; new planting materials should be free of the virus; intercropping papaya with a non-host such as corn can help to reduce the incidence of the disease in papaya orchards by providing aphid vectors with an alternative feeding site. |
| Papaya mealybug | Insect | Flattened oval to round disc-like insect covered in cottony substance on tree; chlorosis, plant stunting, leaf deformation, early leaf and fruit drop insects attract ants which may also be present; insect colony may also be associated with growth of sooty mold due to fungal colonization of sugary honeydew excreted by the insect. | Mealybugs can potentially be controlled by natural enemies such as lady beetles but are commonly controlled using chemicals; chemical pesticides may also decrease populations of natural enemies leading to mealybug outbreaks. |
Papaya Harvest and Yielding
Harvest
The papaya fruits are ripe for gather once the information have yellowed. once this time, it takes another five to seven days till they're totally ripened. Papaya fruits picked whereas still inexperienced can ne'er attain their full aroma. The papaya fruits are often simply plucked from the branches by twisting them and pushing upwards slightly. If the papaya fruits can't be reached from the bottom and by hand, then special baskets mounted to long poles will do the trick, whereby the fruits are allowed to comprise a assembling net. The stem on the fruit should be a minimum of 1 cm long in order that it's not damaged. every individual fruit should be hold on during a box while not it touching either alternative fruits or the walls of the box. this may be achieved by victimisation wood-wool. The fruits ought to be aerated to stop plant life inflicting mould. totally ripe fruits are extraordinarily liable to bruising and might be stored for many days. At one0 to 13°C, they will be stored for up to three weeks.
Yielding
The economic lifetime of papaya plant is barely 3 to four years. The yield varies wide according to variety, soil, climate and management of the garden. The yield of 75-100 tonnes /ha. is obtained during a season from a papaya orchard counting on spacing and cultural practices.


SMTP
HTTPS
Marketing trash (nobody use)
Current state (2018-06-28)
- Ruby 2.5.1
- Rails 5.2.0
- PostgreSQL 9.3 (old - need to migrate 200GB database)
- Redis 3.2.10
- Golang 1.10.3
- MarionetteJS 3.5.1
- etc
Mailtrap plans
- Move blobs (html, text, raw and attachments) to S3 storage
- Select something else to store messages and attachments metadata instead of PostgreSQL. Like queue with limited size and FIFO
- Improve user interface (can merge with migration to new JS framework)
- Improve infrastructure (docker, autoscaling, etc)
- Improve security (ssh-keys storage, encryption, etc)
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| 1 | Beachies | 13 | 13 | 0 | 0 | 651 | 312 | 189 |
| 2 | Wardsandy | 13 | 10 | 2 | 1 | 541 | 443 | 169 |
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My Bio
Hi there, My name is Allee McCoy, I was born in California and raised in Washington state. I come from a mixed family where my mom is Caucasian and my father is Samoan-American, to complete my family picture I have two younger sisters who are twins and the youngest is my brother. Within the last five years I have achieved holding the title of #1 Life Insurance Agent within the company surpassing over 1 million dollars in sales to now managing Microsoft's speaker training program on a global scale. In addition to my fulltime job as a Speaker Specialist at Microsoft I am attending Code Fellows in Seattle, WA to become a software developer. My hobbies include traveling, creating memories with family and friends, event planning, playing volleyball, watching competitive sports, anything adventurous and more!
Education
- Code Fellows - JAN 2021 to MAR 2022
- Skagit Valley College - SEP 2011 to JUN 2013
Work History
- Speaker Specialist at Microsoft - NOV 2019 to PRESENT
- Sr. Account Executive at EFinancial - SEP 2015 to MAR 2019
- Server at Red Robin Inc. - SEP 2008 to JUN 2015
2021 Goals
- Pass 201 at Code Fellows
- Pass 301 at Code Fellows
- Travel abroad this summer
- Spend more quality time with loved ones
Overall Goals
- Land a fulltime job as a software developer
- Purchase a home
- Travel somewhere new at least once a year


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AWS Files Suit Against Microsoft's $10 Billion Pentagon Contract Win
In August, the Pentagon said it was putting the JEDI contract on hold after US President Donald Trump complained about potential conflicts of interest in the process.
Rattled by the US government’s decision to award the prestigious $10 billion Pentagon Cloud project to Microsoft, retail giant Amazon’s Cloud arm Amazon Web Services (AWS) has filed a lawsuit challenging the Department of Defence’s move.
AWS lost the JEDI (Joint Enterprise Defense Infrastructure) contract on October 25 that will provide enterprise-level, commercial Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) and Platform as a Service (PaaS) to support Department of Defence business and mission operations.
US President Donald Trump, who has been a critic of Amazon and Bezos over the company’s tax arrangements, even got involved during the bidding process, saying the government was looking at the contract after “getting enormous complaints” from the competitors.
AWS filed the lawsuit with the Court of Federal Claims on Friday.
The Complaint and related filings contain source selection sensitive information, as well as AWS’s proprietary information, trade secrets, and confidential financial information, the public release of which would cause either party severe competitive harm,” Amazon said in its court filing.
The record in this bid protest likely will contain similarly sensitive information.
In August, the Pentagon said it was putting the JEDI contract on hold after US President Donald Trump complained about potential conflicts of interest in the process.
Bezos has often been targeted by the US President because of his ownership of The Washington Post and the views of the paper against the Republicans.
The Pentagon selected Microsoft and AWS as the two finalists for its $10 billion Cloud contract, as earlier contenders Oracle and IBM missed the bus.
US Defense Secretary Mark Esper, however, recently rejected any notion of bias in a decision to award Microsoft the JEDI contract.
“I am confident it was conducted freely and fairly, without any type of outside influence,” he told a news conference in Seoul.
For breaking news and live news updates, like us on Facebook or follow us on Twitter and Instagram. Read more on Business Latest News on India.com.
Story Timeline
- 14 Nov 2019 Microsoft rolls out Windows 10 November 2019 update
- 08 Dec 2017 Amazon Web Services to achieve full empanelment to deliver public cloud services
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Google demonstrates vital step towards large-scale quantum computers
Google has shown that its Sycamore quantum computer can detect and fix computational errors, an essential step for large-scale quantum computing, but its current system generates more errors than it solves.
Error-correction is a standard feature for ordinary, or classical, computers, which store data using bits with two possible states: 0 and 1. Transmitting data with extra “parity bits” that warn if a 0 has flipped to 1, or vice versa, means such errors can be found and fixed.
In quantum computing the problem is far more complex as each quantum bit, or qubit, exists in a mixed state of 0 and 1, and any attempt to measure them directly destroys the data. One longstanding theoretical solution to this has been to cluster many physical qubits into a single “logical qubit”. Although such logical qubits have been created previously, they hadn’t been used for error correction until now.
Julian Kelly at Google AI Quantum and his colleagues have demonstrated the concept on Google’s Sycamore quantum computer, with logical qubits ranging in size from five to 21 physical qubits, and found that logical qubit error rates dropped exponentially for each additional physical qubit. The team was able to make careful measurements of the extra qubits that didn’t collapse their state but, when taken collectively, still gave enough information to deduce whether errors had occurred.
Kelly says that this means it is possible to create practical, reliable quantum computers in the future. “This is basically our first half step along the path to demonstrate that,” he says. “A viable way of getting to really large-scale, error-tolerant computers. It’s sort of a look ahead for the devices that we want to make in the future.”
The team has managed to demonstrate this solution conceptually but a vast engineering challenge remains. Adding more qubits to each logical qubit brings its own problems as each physical qubit is itself susceptible to errors. The chance of a logical qubit encountering an error rises as the number of qubits inside it increases.
There is a breakeven point in this process, known as the threshold, where the error correction features catch more problems than the increase in qubits bring. Crucially, Google’s error correction doesn’t yet meet the threshold. To do so will require less noisy physical qubits that encounter fewer errors and larger numbers of them devoted to each logical qubit. The team believes that mature quantum computers will need 1000 qubits to make each logical qubit – Sycamore currently has just 54 physical qubits.
Peter Knight at Imperial College London says Google’s research is progress towards something essential for future quantum computers. “If we couldn’t do this we’re not going to have a large scale machine,” he says. “I applaud the fact they’ve done it, simply because without this, without this advance, you will still have uncertainty about whether the roadmap towards fault tolerance was feasible. They removed those doubts.”
But he says it will be a vast engineering challenge to actually meet the threshold and build effective error correction, which would mean building a processor with many more qubits than has been demonstrated until now.


{% load xextends %} {% xextends "admin/base.html" with secondary_nav="staff_events" %} {% load datetime %} {% block admin_content %}
| Name | Start | End | Tickets Sold |
|---|---|---|---|
| {{event}} | {{event.start}} | {% if event.end %}{{event.end}}{% endif %} | {{event.total_sold_tickets}} of {{event.total_available_tickets}} |
No events have been created yet. Why not create one?
{% endif %}


Weatherunderground Adapter Settings |
You will need your own apikey from Weatherunderground to call weatherforcasts in an automated manner:
* Register/Login at Weatherunderground Register
* get your apikey here. purchase a free developer key
Select your location either by name (e.g. "Berlin"), Airport Code (e.g. "ZRH"), coordinates (e.g. "47.3145359,8.4159812") or Weatherstation-ID (e.g. "pws:IZRICHZR8")
recommended is Weatherstation-ID, otherwise you might get wrong data at the moment
If you leave the station empty, then the nearest station according to the give location is picked automatically. If you are not happy with this choice you can insert here the station code of your preferred station (e.g. "IAARGAUB5"). You can find these codes e.g. on the Wundermap - click a station and look for the "Station ID"


As you might have guessed from the above introduction, making your script ready for automatic command-line arguments parsing only requires you to instantiate an object
of class
Adding new command-line parameters to your script simply consists in adding Xml tags of the appropriate type to your definitions ; for example,
for filenames, and so on.
You will find here a complete reference about the parameter declarations that you can put in your
All the examples in this section assume that they are put in a script called
Moreover, it is assumed that a typical example script provides command-line parameter definitions in a variable named
By default, all command-line arguments must be prefixed by the "-" (minus or dash) character.
When specifying parameter definitions, you will have to provide some Xml attributes as strings.
The most evident Xml attribute that you will have to provide is the name of your parameter, specified as a comma-separated list of names and aliases.
Although every xml attribute value is specified as a string, its syntax between quotes must obey to what the
CLParser package expects.
For example, the value of the
name= parameter must be a list of 1 to
n parameter names, separated by a comma. Some attributes, such as
min-value, must represent an integer or floating-point value.
Don't confuse
parameter attribute types with
command-line parameter types : the former are used in parameter definitions as xml attributes,
while the latter are the parameter definitions themselves.
The following example will you understand the difference between the two notions :
<command>
<string name="string_value, sv" defaut="hello world">
</command>
In the above example,
<string> starts the definition of a parameter type.
name is an attribute of the command-line parameter
defined by the
<string> tag, and it expects a list of comma-separated identifiers.
default is another attribute of the
command-line parameter defined by the
<string> tag, which expects as value any string accepted by the parameter being defined.
The table below lists the possible xml attribute value types that you will find in the following sections, which provide documentation for each
command-line parameter type.
| Attribute type |
Description |
Example value |
| any |
Any kind of string value |
default="hello world" |
| boolean |
A boolean parameter. Boolean values can be specified in many different forms :
- true : "true", "1", "yes", "on"
- false : "false", "0", "no", "off"
|
required="true" |
| character |
A single character value |
|
| float |
A float value |
|
| keyword |
A keyword from a list of authorized keywords |
|
| keyword list |
A list of comma-separated keywords, from a list of authorized keywords |
|
| list |
A list of comma-separated identifiers |
name="string_value, sv" |
| integer |
An integer value |
|
| range |
A range of values, specified as : low..high |
|
| string |
Any kind of string value. Equivalent of the "any" attribute value type. |
default="hello world" |
| unsigned float |
A float value greater than or equal to 0 |
|
| unsigned integer |
An integer value greater than or equal to 0 |
|
The following section describes the Xml attributes that are common to all parameter types, except otherwise stated in the parameter type documentation.
Each parameter attribute can have several aliases, which will be listed in the documentation below.
arguments attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
arguments, args, arg |
| Type |
range |
| Member |
MinArguments, MaxArguments |
| Required |
no |
The
arguments parameter attribute specifies how many values can be supplied after the name of a command-line parameter.
Normally, all parameters accept only one value but you can extend this limit ;
the following example defines a
-string_value parameter that can accept up to 5 values :
<?php
require ( 'CL.php' ) ;
$definitions = <<<END
<command>
<string name="string_value, sv" arguments="1..5">
Help for the string_value parameter.
</string>
</command>
END;
$cl = new CLParser ( $definitions ) ;
echo "String values are : " ; print_r ( $cl -> string_value ) ;
Note that the
$cl -> string_value property is now an array of values reflecting what the caller specified on the command line.
The special notation "*" means an unlimited number of values, as in the following example :
arguments="1..*"
This attribute is a shortcut for the
min-arguments and
max-arguments attributes.
If the
multiple attribute has been set to true, the limits imposed
by the
arguments or
min-arguments/max-arguments attributes apply.
If the number of values specified on the command line for a given parameter exceeds the maximum allowed, then the extra values will be considered
either as a parameter name or as a positional parameter ; in this case, the exception that will be thrown will talk about either an incorrect
parameter name or about the fact that unnamed parameters are not allowed on the command line.
However, if your command definitions are such that positional parameters are authorized, then your extra values will be recognized as positional
parameters.
default attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
default, default-value |
| Type |
string |
| Member |
DefaultValue |
| Required |
no |
The xml attribute named
default is used to specify a default value for a given parameter, which will be available
even if the user did not specify this parameter on the command line :
The following example will display the string "hello world" if the user did not specify a value for the
-string_value parameter
during script execution :
<?php
require ( 'CL.php' ) ;
$definitions = <<<END
<command>
<string name="string_value, sv" default="hello world">
Help for the string_value parameter.
</string>
</command>
END;
$cl = new CLParser ( $definitions ) ;
echo "String value is : " . $cl -> string_value ;
help-group attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
help-group, help-groups, help-topic, help-topics, topic, topics |
| Type |
list |
| Member |
HelpTopics |
| Required |
no |
Allows you to associate a parameter with a help topic. Help topics are a way to group parameter together when displaying help using
the reserved
-help option.
The topic(s) referenced by this attribute must have been defined at the <command> tag level, using the <help-group> tag or one of
its aliases.
The following example shows a script defining two help groups (or topics) : the first one is called
strings and includes only the
-string_value parameter ; the second one is called
integers and includes the
-integer_value1 and
integer_value2
parameters :
<?php
require ( 'CL.php' ) ;
$definitions = <<<END
<command>
<topic name="strings, string, str">
General help for parameters belonging to the "strings" topic.
</topic>
<topic name="integers, integer, int">
General help for parameters belonging to the "integers" topic.
</topic>
<string name="string_value, sv" topic="strings">
Help for the -string_value parameter.
</string>
<integer name="integer_value1, iv1" topic="integers">
Help for the -integer_value1 parameter.
</integer>
<integer name="integer_value2, iv2" topic="integers">
Help for the -integer_value2 parameter.
</integer>
</command>
END;
$cl = new CLParser ( $definitions ) ;
echo "Value for the -string_value parameter : " ; print_r ( $cl -> string_value ) ;
Running this script with the
-help parameter will display the following help text :
Usage : help-group [-string_value string] [-integer_value1 integer] [-integer_value2 integer]
[-string_value string] (-sv) :
Help for the -string_value parameter.
[-integer_value1 integer] (-iv1) :
Help for the -integer_value1 parameter.
[-integer_value2 integer] (-iv2) :
Help for the -integer_value2 parameter.
Available help topics : integers, strings
Notice the extra line listing the available help topics. If you want further information about the availbale topics, then you can run the script with the
-topics reserved parameter ; the output will be the following :
$ php example.php -topics
Available help topics -
integers, integer, int : General help for parameters belonging to the "integers" topic.
strings, string, str : General help for parameters belonging to the "strings" topic.
Now you can display command line usage for a particular topic, by specifying the topic name or one of its aliases after the
reserved
-help parameter :
$ php example.php -help integers
Usage : help-group [-string_value string] [-integer_value1 integer] [-integer_value2 integer]
[-integer_value1 integer] (-iv1) :
Help for the -integer_value1 parameter.
[-integer_value2 integer] (-iv2) :
Help for the -integer_value2 parameter.
help-text attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
help-text, help |
| Type |
string |
| Member |
HelpText |
| Required |
no |
The
help-text attribute is an alternative for specifying help contents for a parameter ; the examples below are strictly equivalent :
<string name="string_value, sv" help-text="Help text for the -string_value parameter" />
<string name="string_value, sv">
Help text for the -string_value parameter
</string>
The
help-text attribute has the precedence over the parameter node's contents.
hidden attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
hidden |
| Type |
boolean |
| Member |
Hidden |
| Required |
no |
The
hidden parameter attribute indicates whether the parameter help should be displayed for this parameter when running the script with the
-help argument.
Parameter help is always displayed by default, unless you set the
hidden attribute to
false
The following example script defines two parameters ; one of them,
integer_value is hidden :
<?php
require ( 'CL.php' ) ;
$definitions = <<<END
<command>
<string name="string_value, sv" >
Help for the string_value parameter.
</string>
<integer name="integer_value, iv" hidden="true" default="1">
Help for the hidden integer_value parameter.
</integer>
</command>
END;
$cl = new CLParser ( $definitions ) ;
echo "Value of the -string_value parameter : {$cl -> string_value}\n" ;
echo "Value of the -integer_value parameter : {$cl -> integer_value}\n" ;
Running your script with the
-help parameter will display the following :
$ php example.php -help
Usage : example [-string_value string]
[-string_value string] (-sv) :
Help for the string_value parameter.
If you want to display help for hidden parameters, just run your script with the special extra parameter
--hidden :
$ php example.php -help --hidden
Usage : example [-string_value string] [-integer_value integer]
[-string_value string] (-sv) :
Help for the string_value parameter.
[-integer_value integer] (-iv) :
Help for the hidden integer_value parameter.
Default value : "1".
max-arguments attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
max-arguments, max-args |
| Type |
unsigned integer |
| Member |
MaxArguments |
| Required |
no |
Specifies the maximum number of arguments for a particular parameter. See the
arguments attribute for a more detailed explanation.
If the
multiple attribute has been set to true, the limits imposed
by the
arguments or
min-arguments/max-arguments attributes apply.
The special value "*" indicates an unlimited number of arguments.
min-arguments attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
min-arguments, min-args |
| Type |
unsigned integer |
| Member |
MinArguments |
| Required |
no |
Specifies the minimum number of arguments for a particular parameter. See the
arguments attribute for a more detailed explanation.
If the
multiple attribute has been set to true, the limits imposed
by the
arguments or
min-arguments/max-arguments attributes apply.
multiple attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
multiple |
| Type |
boolean |
| Member |
MultipleAllowed |
| Required |
no |
Normally, a parameter can only be specified once on the command line. Specifying it more than once will cause an exception to be thrown.
The
multiple attribute allows you to specify the same parameter on the command line multiple times.
The following example shows a script having a
-string_value parameter with its
multiple attribute set to true (note that
the
$cl -> string_value member is now an array of values, not a scalar value) :
<?php
require ( 'CL.php' ) ;
$definitions = <<<END
<command>
<string name="string_value, sv" multiple="true">
Help for the string_value parameter.
</string>
</command>
END;
$cl = new CLParser ( $definitions ) ;
echo "Value for the -string_value parameter : " ; print_r ( $cl -> string_value ) ;
The limits fixed by the
arguments attribute (or
min-arguments and
max-arguments) apply when the
multiple attribute is set to true.
name attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
name, names, alias or aliases |
| Type |
list |
| Member |
Name |
| Required |
yes |
Each command-line parameter must have a name, followed by a comma-separated list of optional aliases.
Don't put the switch character (which defaults to "-") before each parameter name or alias.
Each parameter name and alias
must be unique within the whole command definition, otherwise a
CLException
exception will be thrown.
The following example defines a parameter named
string_value, which has an alias named
sv. Both of them
can be specified on the command line using either the
-string_value parameter or its
-sv alias :
<command>
<string name="string_value, sv">
A string value that must be supplied on the command line.
</string>
</command>
required attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
required |
| Type |
boolean |
| Member |
Required |
| Required |
no |
The xml attribute named
required is used to indicate that the related parameter definition is a required command-line parameter.
The following example will throw a
CLParameter exception if the
-string_value parameter has not been specified on the command line :
<?php
require ( 'CL.php' ) ;
$definitions = <<<END
<command>
<string name="string_value, sv" required="true">
Help for the string_value parameter.
</string>
</command>
END;
$cl = new CLParser ( $definitions ) ;
usage attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
usage, usage-string |
| Type |
string |
| Member |
UsageString |
| Required |
no |
Normally, the usage string of a parameter is built dynamically, either for its short version (when displaying command-line usage)
or for its long version (when displaying parameter help).
This attribute allows to override both versions and define a custom usage string. The short and long usage strings for a parameter are shown
in the help output below, in bold blue and green respectively :
Usage : default [-string_value string]
Example script.
[-string_value string] (-sv) :
Help for the string_value parameter.
value-text attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
value-text, text |
| Type |
string |
| Member |
ValueLabel |
| Required |
no |
The kind of value displayed in usage text is based on the parameter type ; for example, the usage text displayed below
shows that there is a parameter called
-string_value, who expects a parameter of type
string :
Usage : default [-string_value string]
Example script.
However, you may want to provide your user with a more meaningful clue for the parameter type (say "english noun") ; in this case, you
will define your command line like this :
lt;?php
require ( 'CL.php' ) ;
$definitions = <<<END
<command>
<string name="string_value, sv" value-text="english noun">
Help for the string_value parameter.
</string>
</command>
END;
Then, when running your script by providing the reserved
-usage parameter, you will see the following instead :
Usage : default [-string_value english noun]
Example script.
validation-regex attribute
| Synopsis |
| Attribute name |
validation-regex, validation-expression, validation-expr |
| Type |
string |
| Member |
ValidationRegex |
| Required |
no |
The
validation-regex attribute specifies a regular expression to check the command-line value specified by the user.
Delimiters are optional ; if not specified, a slash (/) is assumed. Note also that in the absence of regular expression
delimiters, you will not be able to provide regular expression options for pattern matching.
The following example defines two parameters :
- -string_value1, which accepts a value containing only lowercase letters. Note that the specified regular expression
does not specify delimiters.
- -string_value2, which accepts a value starting with a letter, followed by any number of letters and digits
<?php
require ( 'CL.php' ) ;
$definitions = <<<END
<command>
<string name="string_value1, sv1" validation-regex="[a-z]+">
A parameter that accepts values containing lowercase letters only.
</string>
<string name="string_value2, sv2" validation-regex="/[a-z][a-z0-9]*/ix">
A parameter that accepts values containing letters and digits,
and starting with a letter.
</string>
</command>
END;
$cl = new CLParser ( $definitions ) ;
echo "Value of -string_value1 : {$cl -> string_value1}\n" ;
echo "Value of -string_value2 : {$cl -> string_value2}\n" ;


BVMediaPost Class Reference
| Inherits from | NSObject |
| Declared in | BVMediaPost.h BVMediaPost.m |
Overview
BVMediaPost is used for all requests to the Bazaarvoice API which require a binary multipart post. This includes submitting photos and videos.
In the simplest case, a request might be created as follows:
BVMediaPost *photoSubmission = [[ BVMediaPost alloc ] initWithType:BVMediaPostTypePhoto ];
photoSubmission.contentType = BVMediaPostContentTypeReview;
mySubmission.userId = @“123”;
mySubmission.photo = <my_UIImage>;
[ mySubmission sendRequestWithDelegate:self ];
The specified delegate will then receive BVDelegate callbacks when a response is received. Note that it is the client’s responsibility to set the delegate to nil in the case that the the delegate is deallocated before a response is received.
Tasks
-
– initWithType:
-
delegate
property -
requestURL
property -
contentType
property -
locale
property -
userId
property -
photo
property -
photoUrl
property -
– setVideo:withFormat:
-
– addGenericParameterWithName:value:
-
– getVideoExtensionString
-
– send
-
– sendRequestWithDelegate:
Properties
contentType
The content type for which this media is being submitted. Review, question, answer or story.
@property (assign, nonatomic) BVMediaPostContentType contentType
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
delegate
The client delegate to receive BVDelegate notifications.
@property (weak) id<BVDelegate> delegate
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
locale
Locale to display Labels, Configuration, Product Attributes and Category Attributes in. The default value is the locale defined in the display associated with the API key.
@property (assign, nonatomic) NSString *locale
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
photo
A UIImage to be submitted.
@property (assign, nonatomic) UIImage *photo
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
photoUrl
URL of the photo to be uploaded. Use either the photo or photoUrl parameter to define the photo to upload. An error is returned if both parameters are defined. HTTP and HTTPS are the only protocols supported for the photoUrl parameter.
@property (assign, nonatomic) NSString *photoUrl
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
Instance Methods
addGenericParameterWithName:value:
Adds a generic parameter to the request. This method should be used as a last resort when another method does not exist for a particular request you would like to make. Behavior may be undefined.
- (void)addGenericParameterWithName:(id)name value:(id)value
Parameters
- name
of parameter.
- value
of parameter.
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
getVideoExtensionString
Returns the string representation of the video file set by setVideo:withFormat:
- (NSString *)getVideoExtensionString
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
initWithType:
Convenience initializer with type.
- (id)initWithType:(id)type
Parameters
- type
The particular type (BVMediaPostTypePhoto or BVMediaPostTypeVideo) of this request.
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
send
Sends request asynchronously. A delegate must be set before this method is called.
- (void)send
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
sendRequestWithDelegate:
- (void)sendRequestWithDelegate:(id)delegate
Parameters
- delegate
The client delegate to receive BVDelegate notifications.
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h
setVideo:withFormat:
A video file to be submitted.
- (void)setVideo:(id)video withFormat:(id)format
Parameters
- video
NSData representing a video file to be uploaded.
- format
Format of the video file to be uploaded. This file may be of any of the valid format types defined by BVVideoFormatType.
Declared In
BVMediaPost.h


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Executive Summary
The 2015 Fellowship team in Miami-Dade County is working with the Regulatory and Economic Resources (RER) and Community Information and Outreach (CIAO) departments to help improve service delivery throughout the County.
By improving access to government services, and by utilizing the data collected from interactions, we hope to make it easier to communicate user experiences and needs to government staff. We hope the same data will help illuminate potential process improvements.
The Opportunity
This year, Miami-Dade County became the first government within Florida, our country's fourth most populous state, to host a Code for America fellowship. The County governs over 2.5 million people, split between 34 municipalities and and a sprawling unincorporated area.
Additionally, over a third of its residents are not comfortable speaking English. As a result, creating clear channels of communication between the County and its citizens is complex, and overall civic engagement in the County is relatively low.
Since the Regulatory and Economic Resources (a “super-department” that resulted from the Mayor's consolidation of 12 departments into one) was our fiscal sponsor at the County, our work is focused on improving citizens' ability to access and communicate with one of the County's largest and most complex services: building and permitting. While the status quo is working to some degree for large contracting firms and building permit consultants (also called permit runners), there is a limited amount of accessibility for those who cannot afford to hire a professional. The avenue for them to voice their viewpoint leaves a lot to be desired.
From our initial research, we've discovered that most residents are not able to successfully acquire a building permit without hiring a building permit consultant. Through process and technological improvements, we hope to design a more intuitive and simple way for residents to obtain a building permit, and find ways to help the County meaningfully collect customer satisfaction feedback.
While our work focuses exclusively on the building and permitting process, we believe that our work can set an example for other departments and services within the Miami-Dade County government to create more accessible and user friendly services built to promote customer satisfaction.
Team Miami-Dade
Miami-Dade County Partners
Community Partners
Strategy & Approach
Our research in Miami-Dade County began by speaking with numerous County departments, as well as community groups and small businesses. We spent the most time in the Permitting Inspection Center and going on ride-alongs with building inspectors and zone compliance officers. In that time, we started to see where the pain points were, not only for the people using County systems but also for County employees.
When we learned that the County was already investing heavily in procuring a new software system, we decided to widen our scope and explore other projects that fell under the Department's economic development umbrella. At the end of our research month we had with a long list of over one hundred projects including but not limited to: a workforce development application for libraries, real time transit tools, commissioner agenda item notifications and a super-powered parcel lookup application.
After paring down our project list, we began to research and test out how some of them might work. To date, our approach has been to leverage previous Code for America work to produce quick projects that could benefit the County. By creating some quick wins, we are laying the path for our main project, which will help the County improve their internal processes and become more client-oriented.
Main Project: Feedback Platform
Ultimately, we decided to focus on improving how the County collects feedback, starting with a pilot in the Permit Inspection Center (PIC). The PIC is the center of all building and permitting transactions within Miami-Dade County, including: housing plans reviewers, inspectors, and the customer service agents who work with the public.
Currently, feedback about a resident's experience with obtaining a permit can only be given via a paper form in person. The forms are only offered in English, which is at odds with a largely Spanish-speaking population. The survey is mostly geared towards evaluating front-line staff, rather than the process as whole. The overwhelmingly positive ratings, combined with the fact that most people leave their name and number, suggests that these forms are being used to help expedite permit approvals. Finally, there is no meaningful feedback loop, as these forms are no longer being analyzed and used to inform the permitting process, due to lack of staff time.
Our strategy is to make the process more accessible to the client by allowing the feedback to be left in digital formats, which will be available in both English and Spanish. In an effort to get the form in front of more customers, we are going to place links to the surveys at the bottom of relevant forms, on information cards handed after submitting an application and on key department web pages.
We also are designing the feedback collection process to be streamlined into staff's workflow so that it does not become a burden. We are doing this by automating the survey creation process, creating a simple tool to easily edit the content of the surveys, and creating a dashboard to display the results of the surveys with other relevant behavior metrics. We'll also be creating a public version of this dashboard to close the feedback loop and make clients' feel their voices are heard.
Other Efforts
Short Term Event Permitting Guide
We decided to explore the Short Term Event Permitting (STEP) process as a prototype for how to streamline a complex, multi-departmental permit that many residents apply for. To do this, we facilitated a design exercise in mid-April, where stakeholders came together to brainstorm ways to improve the process for how a resident or business obtains a short term event permit. Stakeholders included representatives from the PIC, Miami-Dade Police, Miami-Dade Fire and Rescue, and Public Works among others.
Most surprisingly, we learned that while all of the stakeholders were involved in the STEP process, many of them had never met each other, or considered how their part of the permit process fit into the larger customer’s experience.
The design exercise resulted in information we used to produce a guide to help people going through the short-term events permitting process for the first time. Our hope is to continue iterating on both the content and the format.
Before: Permitting Procedures for Short Term Events - an existing pamphlet used by the Miami-Dade Building department. After: The User Guide to Short Term Events Permitting in the Miami-Dade Unincorporated Municipal Service Area
Supporting Miami-Dade County’s Open Data Initiative
Our municipal partner officially launched an open data portal during Miami’s CodeAcross event in February. Separately, Code for Miami (the local Brigade) had launched a petition from the local tech community, calling on Mayor Giménez to enact an open data policy. We advised on best practices for both policies and implementation of portals.
As Fellows, we continue to facilitate conversations between county employees, city employees, entrepreneurs of all scale and engaged citizens to show how opening up public data sets can directly benefit people doing (or wanting to do) business in Miami-Dade County. We are also working to open up and automate the updates on datasets that we use in our work, and assist in developing a data standard for building departments around the country.
Miami-Dade County Google Analytics dashboard
To build support for taking data-driven approaches and understanding resident needs, we launched the Code for America City Analytics Dashboard during our research trip to Miami. This dashboard, created by the Code for America tech team, allows government staff to easily view live information on how the public is interacting with their website.
Am I In Miami and Miami-Dade Census based APIs
We launched Am I In Miami, a spin-off of the Am I In Las Vegas app built by the 2013 Las Vegas Fellowship team. This takes the same concept of helping users understand jurisdictional boundaries by allowing them to enter an address and find out whether they are in the Unincorporated Municipal Service Area (UMSA) or one of the 34 municipalities in the County.
The next goal for this project is to map which jurisdiction is responsible for key services for those users. This project is important because approximately 1.2 million people live in unincorporated Miami-Dade, but have Miami city postal addresses, while some municipalities contract out their services to the county. The goal of this project is to help eliminate confusion and help residents understand where to inquire about public services.
We also created the Miami-Dade Census-based APIs to distinguish between UMSA and municipalities; a localization of the US Census API built by CFA which takes a shapefile and creates web services for developers to easily find what municipality you’re in.
AgendaBot 305
We built an app called AgendaBot 305, which sends out a tweet whenever a recording of a public meeting is made available. This app helps address some citizen complaints about lack of transparency around legislation decisions being considered at County Commissioner meetings.
311 Knowledge Base Master Templating
CIAO (the Communications Information and Outreach department) manages County website and 311 services. Using Code for America best practices, we helped CIAO edit the templates that control the 311 Knowledge Base, so that information about the Miami-Dade Animal Services Department's spay and neuter policies is delivered in the most user-friendly way possible.


Welcome on SrushtiLoka
Fabricating your Dreams to Blissful Memories.
Bringing happiness and satisfaction to you is one of our main responsibilities. Other than that, we make your event a memory that you can always relish.
Bring your dream events to us, and we are there to celebrate it with you like it's our own.
Services we provide for particular events are listed below. Individual services are also provided apart from the package so we can help you more.


Sweet and Salty Interactive
Enter You Inputs
Starting Number:
Ending Number:
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Status
Name
Bart
Level
2
Exp
50/100
Class
Physics, Mathematics
Quests
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Module: Puma::QueueClose
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance Descendants | |
|
Included In:
| |
| Defined in: | lib/puma/queue_close.rb |
Overview
Queue#close
was added in Ruby 2.3. Add a simple implementation for earlier Ruby versions.
Instance Attribute Summary
- #closed? ⇒ Boolean readonly
Instance Method Summary
-
#<<(object)
Alias for #push.
- #close
- #pop(non_block = false)
- #push(object) (also: #<<)
Instance Attribute Details
#closed? ⇒ Boolean
(readonly)
[ GitHub ]
# File 'lib/puma/queue_close.rb', line 12
def closed? @closed ||= false end
Instance Method Details
#<<(object)
Alias for #push.
# File 'lib/puma/queue_close.rb', line 19
alias << push
#close
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/puma/queue_close.rb', line 8
def close num_waiting.times {push nil} @closed = true end
#pop(non_block = false)
[ GitHub ]# File 'lib/puma/queue_close.rb', line 20
def pop(non_block=false) return nil if !non_block && closed? && empty? super end
#push(object) Also known as: #<<
# File 'lib/puma/queue_close.rb', line 15
def push(object) raise ClosedQueueError if closed? super end


Jass Manak (born 12 February 1999) is an Indian Punjabi singer-songwriter of it.
Jass Manak is an Indian Punjabi singer-songwriter. He is known predominantly for the songs "Prada", "Suit Punjabi", "Lehanga", "Viah" and "Boss". His single "Lehanga" has featured on the UK Asian Music Chart and also the Global YouTube weekly chart.


High Art * * * (out of * * * * )
Directed by Lisa Cholodenko. Cast: Radha Mitchell, Ally Sheedy, Patricia Clarkson, Bill Sage, Gabriel Mann, Anh Duong, David Thornton, Tammy Grimes, Helen Mendes, Cindra Feuer, Charis Michelson. 1998 - 101 minutes.  Reviewed December 11, 1998.
Lisa Cholodenko's "High Art," is an intelligent, quiet drama. Its strongest quality, aside from the top-notch central performances, is the perceptive way in which the film, also written by Cholodenko, observes its characters. They are all flawed people, some more troubled than others, but they are not judged. Judging the characters in this picture would be a creative misstep on the filmmakers' parts, because no one, no matter how bad off they are, deserve to be negatively judged if they are involved in some serious problems that they cannot break free of.
Syd (Radha Mitchell), a 24-year-old woman living with her longtime boyfriend James (Gabriel Mann), has recently been awarded an ideal job at the high-profile photography magazine, "Frame." She very much enjoys where her career is headed, but is often not taken very seriously by her managers, who are always giving her petty jobs to do, when she knows she could be doing more important things. One night, while taking a bath, Syd notices a leak coming from the apartment above hers, so when she goes up there to inform them of it, she meets Lucy Beliner (Ally Sheedy), a thin, worn-out, and unhappy woman, who lives with her drug-addicted German girlfriend, Greta (Patricia Clarkson), a pathetic former actress who is usually so out-of-it that she often is in and out of conciousness. Syd quickly strikes up a conversation with Lucy, and discovers that she used to be an acclaimed photographer ten years before. Lucy claims she doesn't want to get back into the profession, but Syd manages to convince the "Frame" editors to do a piece on her work. All the while, Syd begins to grow deep feelings for Lucy, even though she has never previously been attracted to a woman, and Lucy starts a battle with her personal demons.
"High Art," is such an effective motion picture because it is never suger-coated or idealized, but instead an honest and convincing portrait of a handful of unhappy people whose lives are going nowhere, while Syd's luck begins to rise. The film in no way is about lesbianism, but about love, which was a refreshing change of pace from the usual stereotypical portraits of homosexuality. As Lucy and Syd grow closer and closer together, we really do believe that they are falling in love with each other, even if the relationship might be doomed.
With this picture, Ally Sheedy's star has risen once again, thanks to her touching, nearly flawless portrtayal of Lucy, a woman who, in the course of a decade, has found her life consumed almost entirely by drugs, which has taken away her once-blossoming career. Her characted really is tragic, and one particular scene involving Lucy and her mother, in which Lucy admits to her that she has a drug problem, and her mother matter-of-factly responds by saying she can't help her, is heartbreaking. Although not autobiographical, Sheedy has had drug problems in her past, and I suspect she brought that knowledge of already being in Lucy's footsteps to her role. Also very good is Radha Mitchell as Syd, who previously starred in the slight 1997 Australian comedy, "Love and Other Catastrophes," wh caught me by surprise with her performance. Easily being able to pass as Christina Ricci's older sister, Mitchell obtains the same natural charisma that has made Ricci so popular recently.
As accurate as almost every detail is in, "High Art," I wish the relationship had been more tightly written involving Syd and James, who, played by Gabriel Mann, is left with a throwaway role. By the time he finds out about Syd and Lucy, he disappears from the film, and I wish there had been another scene where they confronted each other. This is a very minor fault, however, in a film that is full of riches. Although many of the characters are stuck in a hopeless pit of despair, Syd and Lucy are intelligent people who recognize their problems. The character of Dominique (Anh Duong), the "Frame" editor who decides to give Syd a chance with her ideas, was also written to be far more mature than expected. And the one sex scene in the film was beautifully and originally done. For once, it did not invlove steaminess, or violent sexual activity, or gratuitous nudity, but focused on the actual characters, who love each other, and their insecurities involved in making the decision to actually have sex. "High Art," which won the screenwriting award at the 1998 Sundance Film Festival, marks the superior feature film debut of Cholodenko, as well as Sheedy's strongest, and best, role to date.
- Copyright 1998 by Dustin Putman <Dustin Putman's Film Reviews>
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


|
|
Boost.Regexregex_token_iterator |
|
The template class regex_token_iterator
is an iterator adapter;
that is to say it represents a new view of an existing iterator sequence, by
enumerating all the occurrences of a regular expression within that sequence,
and presenting one or more character sequence for each match found. Each
position enumerated by the iterator is a sub_match
object that represents what matched a particular sub-expression within the
regular expression. When class regex_token_iterator
is used to
enumerate a single sub-expression with index -1, then the iterator performs
field splitting: that is to say it enumerates one character sequence for each
section of the character container sequence that does not match the regular
expression specified.
template <class BidirectionalIterator, class charT = iterator_traits<BidirectionalIterator>::value_type, class traits = regex_traits<charT>, class Allocator = allocator<charT> > class regex_token_iterator { public: typedef basic_regex<charT, traits, Allocator> regex_type; typedef sub_match <BidirectionalIterator> value_type; typedef typename iterator_traits<BidirectionalIterator>::difference_type difference_type; typedef const value_type* pointer; typedef const value_type& reference; typedef std::forward_iterator_tag iterator_category; regex_token_iterator(); regex_token_iterator(BidirectionalIterator a, BidirectionalIterator b, const regex_type& re, int submatch = 0, match_flag_type m = match_default); regex_token_iterator(BidirectionalIterator a, BidirectionalIterator b, const regex_type& re, const std::vector<int>& submatches, match_flag_type m = match_default); template <std::size_t N> regex_token_iterator(BidirectionalIterator a, BidirectionalIterator b, const regex_type& re, const int (&submatches)[N], match_flag_type m = match_default); regex_token_iterator(const regex_token_iterator&); regex_token_iterator& operator=(const regex_token_iterator&); bool operator==(const regex_token_iterator&)const; bool operator!=(const regex_token_iterator&)const; const value_type& operator*()const; const value_type* operator->()const; regex_token_iterator& operator++(); regex_token_iterator operator++(int); }; typedef regex_token_iterator<const char*> cregex_token_iterator; typedef regex_token_iterator<std::string::const_iterator> sregex_token_iterator; #ifndef BOOST_NO_WREGEX typedef regex_token_iterator<const wchar_t*> wcregex_token_iterator; typedef regex_token_iterator<<std::wstring::const_iterator> wsregex_token_iterator; #endif
regex_token_iterator();
Effects: constructs an end of sequence iterator.
regex_token_iterator(BidirectionalIterator a, BidirectionalIterator b, const regex_type& re, int submatch = 0, match_flag_type m = match_default);
Preconditions: !re.empty()
. Object re shall exist
for the lifetime of the iterator constructed from it.
Effects: constructs a regex_token_iterator that will enumerate one string for each regular expression match of the expression re found within the sequence [a,b), using match flags m. The string enumerated is the sub-expression submatch for each match found; if submatch is -1, then enumerates all the text sequences that did not match the expression re (that is to performs field splitting).
Throws: std::runtime_error
if the complexity of
matching the expression against an N character string begins to exceed O(N2),
or if the program runs out of stack space while matching the expression (if
Boost.regex is configured in recursive mode),
or if the matcher exhausts it's permitted memory allocation (if Boost.regex is
configured in non-recursive mode).
regex_token_iterator(BidirectionalIterator a, BidirectionalIterator b, const regex_type& re, const std::vector<int>& submatches, match_flag_type m = match_default);
Preconditions: submatches.size() && !re.empty()
.
Object re shall exist for the lifetime of the iterator constructed from it.
Effects: constructs a regex_token_iterator that will enumerate submatches.size() strings for each regular expression match of the expression re found within the sequence [a,b), using match flags m. For each match found one string will be enumerated for each sub-expression index contained within submatches vector; if submatches[0] is -1, then the first string enumerated for each match will be all of the text from end of the last match to the start of the current match, in addition there will be one extra string enumerated when no more matches can be found: from the end of the last match found, to the end of the underlying sequence.
Throws: std::runtime_error
if the complexity of
matching the expression against an N character string begins to exceed O(N2),
or if the program runs out of stack space while matching the expression (if
Boost.regex is configured in recursive mode),
or if the matcher exhausts it's permitted memory allocation (if Boost.regex is
configured in non-recursive mode).
template <std::size_t N> regex_token_iterator(BidirectionalIterator a, BidirectionalIterator b, const regex_type& re, const int (&submatches)[R], match_flag_type m = match_default);
Preconditions: !re.empty()
. Object re shall exist
for the lifetime of the iterator constructed from it.
Effects: constructs a regex_token_iterator that will enumerate R strings for each regular expression match of the expression re found within the sequence [a,b), using match flags m. For each match found one string will be enumerated for each sub-expression index contained within the submatches array; if submatches[0] is -1, then the first string enumerated for each match will be all of the text from end of the last match to the start of the current match, in addition there will be one extra string enumerated when no more matches can be found: from the end of the last match found, to the end of the underlying sequence.
Throws: std::runtime_error
if the complexity of
matching the expression against an N character string begins to exceed O(N2),
or if the program runs out of stack space while matching the expression (if
Boost.regex is configured in recursive mode),
or if the matcher exhausts it's permitted memory allocation (if Boost.regex is
configured in non-recursive mode).
regex_token_iterator(const regex_token_iterator& that);
Effects: constructs a copy of that
.
Postconditions: *this == that
.
regex_token_iterator& operator=(const regex_token_iterator& that);
Effects: sets *this
to be equal to that
.
Postconditions: *this == that
.
bool operator==(const regex_token_iterator&)const;
Effects: returns true if *this is the same position as that.
bool operator!=(const regex_token_iterator&)const;
Effects: returns !(*this == that)
.
const value_type& operator*()const;
Effects: returns the current character sequence being enumerated.
const value_type* operator->()const;
Effects: returns &(*this)
.
regex_token_iterator& operator++();
Effects: Moves on to the next character sequence to be enumerated.
Throws: std::runtime_error
if the complexity of
matching the expression against an N character string begins to exceed O(N2),
or if the program runs out of stack space while matching the expression (if
Boost.regex is configured in recursive mode),
or if the matcher exhausts it's permitted memory allocation (if Boost.regex is
configured in non-recursive mode).
Returns: *this
.
regex_token_iterator& operator++(int);
Effects: constructs a copy result
of *this
,
then calls ++(*this)
.
The following example takes a string and splits it into a series of tokens:
#include <iostream> #include <boost/regex.hpp> using namespace std; int main(int argc) { string s; do{ if(argc == 1) { cout << "Enter text to split (or \"quit\" to exit): "; getline(cin, s); if(s == "quit") break; } else s = "This is a string of tokens"; boost::regex re("\\s+"); boost::sregex_token_iterator i(s.begin(), s.end(), re, -1); boost::sregex_token_iterator j; unsigned count = 0; while(i != j) { cout << *i++ << endl; count++; } cout << "There were " << count << " tokens found." << endl; }while(argc == 1); return 0; }
The following example takes a html file and outputs a list of all the linked files:
#include <fstream> #include <iostream> #include <iterator> #include <boost/regex.hpp> boost::regex e("<\\s*A\\s+[^>]*href\\s*=\\s*\"([^\"]*)\"", boost::regex::normal | boost::regbase::icase); void load_file(std::string& s, std::istream& is) { s.erase(); // // attempt to grow string buffer to match file size, // this doesn't always work... s.reserve(is.rdbuf()->in_avail()); char c; while(is.get(c)) { // use logarithmic growth stategy, in case // in_avail (above) returned zero: if(s.capacity() == s.size()) s.reserve(s.capacity() * 3); s.append(1, c); } } int main(int argc, char** argv) { std::string s; int i; for(i = 1; i < argc; ++i) { std::cout << "Findings URL's in " << argv[i] << ":" << std::endl; s.erase(); std::ifstream is(argv[i]); load_file(s, is); boost::sregex_token_iterator i(s.begin(), s.end(), e, 1); boost::sregex_token_iterator j; while(i != j) { std::cout << *i++ << std::endl; } } // // alternative method: // test the array-literal constructor, and split out the whole // match as well as $1.... // for(i = 1; i < argc; ++i) { std::cout << "Findings URL's in " << argv[i] << ":" << std::endl; s.erase(); std::ifstream is(argv[i]); load_file(s, is); const int subs[] = {1, 0,}; boost::sregex_token_iterator i(s.begin(), s.end(), e, subs); boost::sregex_token_iterator j; while(i != j) { std::cout << *i++ << std::endl; } } return 0; }
Revised 24 Oct 2003
© Copyright John Maddock 1998- 2003
Use, modification and distribution are subject to the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)


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Hafiz Qari Maulana Rahbar-e-Islam Parvaz Qasmi, M.A
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Hafiz Qari Maulana Rahbar-e-Islam Parvaz Qasmi, M.A
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Returns a hash code value for the object.
The default hashing algorithm is platform dependent.
Note that it is allowed for two objects to have identical hash
codes (o1.hashCode.equals(o2.hashCode)
) yet not be
equal (o1.equals(o2)
returns false
). A
degenerate implementation could always return 0
.
However, it is required that if two objects are equal
(o1.equals(o2)
returns true
) that they
have identical hash codes
(o1.hashCode.equals(o2.hashCode)
). Therefore, when
overriding this method, be sure to verify that the behavior is
consistent with the equals
method.
Returns a string representation of the object.
The default representation is platform dependent.
This method is used to compare the receiver object (
this
) with the argument object (arg0
) for equivalence.The default implementations of this method is an equivalence relation:
x
of typeAny
,x.equals(x)
should returntrue
.x
andy
of typeAny
,x.equals(y)
should returntrue
if and only ify.equals(x)
returnstrue
.x
,y
, andz
of typeAnyRef
ifx.equals(y)
returnstrue
andy.equals(z)
returnstrue
, thenx.equals(z)
should returntrue
.If you override this method, you should verify that your implementation remains an equivalence relation. Additionally, when overriding this method it is often necessary to override
hashCode
to ensure that objects that are "equal" (o1.equals(o2)
returnstrue
) hash to the sameInt
(o1.hashCode.equals(o2.hashCode)
).