|
Function |
Reports
Lines features which are fully exposed by SM Note: Copper Lines features usually are not fully exposed by SM opening, so if such case exists it could point on a potential problem. Note: A fully embedded line, or a line that is a part of drawn area, will not be reported in this category. In the situation where a line is leaving a Pad or a drawn area and is fully exposed by SM, only that part of the line that is not embedded in the Pad or the drawn area will be reported.><> > |
|
Activation |
Pads Checks |
|
Known
Limitations |
Lines
with the attributes .pattern_fill,
.sliver_fill, and
.nomenclature
will be ignored. |


Unfair means used to take over financial capital: BJP
NEW DELHI: As Union Minister Ravi Shankar Prasad addressed the media on Saturday after BJP in a successful coup formed the government in Maharashtra, his body language was different for the party’s once ally Shiv Sena. The BJP, which has been guarded in its comments against Sena so far, minced no words to claim it was BJP supporters who ensured victory for Sena MLAs.
In a no-holds-barred attack on Sena, which walked out of the nearly three-decades-old alliance, Prasad said, “The support base of the BJP and the prospect of Devendra Fadnavis becoming the Chief Minister played a crucial role in the success of Shiv Sena candidates.” He didn’t stop at that and went on to allege, “There was an attempt to take over the financial capital of the country through unfair means.” Taking a dig at the Congress, the BJP leader said that it was clear on whose “direction” Shiv Sena became “hostile”. “Those who compromise in pursuit of power should not talk about Chhatrapati Shivaji,” the Telecom Minister said. Clearing the aspersions being cast on the role of Maharashtra Governor B.S. Koshiyari, Prasad asked whether any other formation staked claim to form the government other than Ajit Pawar and the BJP.
Prasad also expressed confidence over proving the majority on the floor of the House. In a dramatic turn of events, BJP’s Devendra Fadnavis took oath as Chief Minister of Maharashtra early on Saturday morning along with NCP leader Ajit Pawar as his deputy. However, NCP chief Sharad Pawar soon distanced himself from Ajit Pawar’s decision, calling it his “personal” choice. (IANS)
Also Read: BJP making mockery of Constitution: Digvijaya Singh
Also Watch: AGP leadership has not been vocal against the CAB: Prafulla Kumar Mahanta


Hello I am Microtrain2007
Full stack web and hybrid mobile applications developer specializing in full stack JavaScript application and architectures. Experienced in all stages of the development life cycle, well versed in numerous programming languages.


mark
This text is marked as highlighted

This text is marked as highlighted

HTML5 mark element


Weighted transit trips from the regional on-board survey dataset are summarized by Census Tracts and Market Segments. Transit trips are aggregated to Census Tracts based on
Trip Origin the true origin location of the trip
Boarding Location the first boarding location of the trip
Residence Location the residence location of the transit rider
Transit trips are normalized by the area of the Census Tract and displayed as Trips per Square Mile. In addition, the transit trips can be separately displayed by household income and transit operator. The low income threshold has been set to $50,000 per year.
How to use this map
Select the attribute to aggregate transit trips by and display on the map.
Select market segment based on household income.
Select transit operator.
Click on a geography for more information about it.


This example shows you the contents of the selected part of your display. Click the Start Capture button to begin.
Camera width
Camera framerate
Screen layout
Start Capture Stop Capture


Paris Saint-Germain optimistic over Kylian Mbappe's renewal
L'Equipe report that talks between the player and the club are advancing well
by SPORT.esParis Saint-Germain are confident that they will finally get star forward Kylian Mbappe to sign a new long-term contract with the club, according to L'Eqipe, who say that recent talks between the club and the player have been positive.
The report says that first contact was made at the beginning of November and that negotiations have continued since, with Mbappe said to be more open to putting pen to paper than he was a few months ago.
All the while, Real Madrid have remained as a threat to PSG in the background. Los Blancos are long-time fans of the French international and Eden Hazard has voiced his desire to line up alongside him.
The Ligue 1 champions, through sporting director Leonardo, will continue to work hard for Mbappe to renew. He joined the club from Monaco in 2017 and has a deal until 2020. Leonardo wants to extend his terms and improve his salary.


Throughout this set of tutorials it will be shown how to create and work with TransientComposites, which is the basic element in Apache Zest™. We will refactor one HelloWorld class to take advantage of the various features in Zest™. These refactorings will make it easier to reuse parts of the class, and introduce new features without having to change existing code. We will also look at some of the existing classes, or Fragments, available in Zest™ that you can reuse so that you don't have to write everything yourself.
Each tutorial in this series starts with the result from the previous tutorial, so you can always look at the next tutorial step for guidance on what to do. Here are the steps:


This section explains how you may read the height mesured by the sonar on the drone.
The height block makes it possible read the height mesured by the drone's ultrasonic sonar.
Reading the output port provides the user with a int16 value proportional to the altitude of the drone.


Search for services
or information
- Level 5
- Covid 19 vaccine
- Covid 19 (Coronavirus)
- Provisional Vaccine Allocation Groups
- Travelling to Ireland during the COVID-19 pandemic
Level 5 restrictions in place until 5 April
Schools and childcare will return from Monday 1 March. See more details.View the latest information on how Ireland is responding to cases of COVID-19 (Coronavirus)
The United Kingdom left the European Union on 1 February 2020
Budget 2021 was published on Tuesday 13 October 2020.


"x" "1" "MIN,S, HELISSEY,P, CALLAIS,F, GIORGI-RENAULT,S AND FESTY,B, STRUCTURE-MUTAGENICITY RELATIONSHIPS IN A SERIES OF INDOLO[3,2-C]QUINOLINE-1,4-DIONES THATHAVE SHOWN CYTOTOXIC PROPERTIES ON LEUKEMIA CELLS, __ MUTAT. RES. 280(4):225-231,1992"


Every year, the Haltom Group recruits thousands of employees in support of its development. Promoting diversity and equal opportunities are one of the major focuses of the company's recruitment policy.
Read moreHaltom logistics range of modular services extends across seven core categories: Multimodal Transport, Trade Compliance, Contract Logistics, Global Supply Chain, Industrial Projects, E-commerce, and Customer Value. Our performance stems from a worldwide network of experts and from value-added integrated information systems and tools which afford complete visibility on all operations throughout the entire supply chain. We are committed to a responsible purchasing approach across the 109 territories in which the company operates, working only with a panel of approved suppliers (air, ocean and road freight companies) that have undergone our strict selection process to allow us to fulfil our commitment to providing the best service at the best price. Suppliers are regularly assessed to ensure they continue to meet Haltom Logistics requirements in terms of quality, deadlines, innovation and economic performance.
Every industry has its own logistics needs, which is why Haltom Logistics constantly innovate to deliver the specific expertise required with a high added value that are a perfect fit with today’s logistics requirements in a range of different sectors. All of which are backed by a network of experts on every continent, customized operational tools, clear-cut processes and logistics techniques.
Read morecopyright © 2021


KDD Converse is a half day workshop taking place on Monday, August 24, 2020 in conjunction with KDD 2020 in San Diego, CA.
We invite quality research contributions, position and opinion papers addressing relevant challenges in the domain of conversational systems. We invite submission of papers and posters of two to ten pages (including references), representing original research, preliminary research results, proposals for new work, position and opinion papers.
Topics of interest include, but are not limited to:
All submitted papers and posters will be single-blind and will be peer reviewed by an international program
committee of researchers of high repute. Papers will be judged by their relevance to the workshop, especially to the main themes identified above, and their potential to generate discussion. All submissions must be formatted according to the latest ACM SIG proceedings template available at http://www.acm.org/publications/proceedings-template (LaTeX users use sample-sigconf.tex as a template). Accepted submissions will be presented at the workshop
Submissions must describe work that is not previously published, not accepted for publication elsewhere, and not currently under review elsewhere. All submissions must be in English. Please note that at least one of the authors of each accepted paper must register for the workshop and present the paper.
Submissions to KDD Converse should be made at https://easychair.org/conferences/?conf=kddconverse20
The deadline for paper submission is June 15, 2020 (11: 59 P.M. AoE)


R5RS Scheme has no utilities for performing bitwise logical operations on integers or bitstrings, which is a problem for authors of portable code. This SRFI proposes a coherent and comprehensive set of these functions; it is accompanied by a reference implementation of the spec in terms of a set of seven core operators. The reference implementation is
The precise semantics of these operators is almost never an issue. A consistent, portable set of names and parameter conventions, however, is. Hence this SRFI.


Admin
How to use CU Museum Webboard?
Important! Please read this topic before post or comment. Important! Please read this topic before post or comment. Important! Please read this topic before post or comment. Important! Please read this topic before post or comment. Important! Please read this topic before post or comment.
Posted on : 20 Feb @ 9:30am
OK ...


{{ recipient.first_name_or_friend }} --
You have violated a rule. You have lost {{ setting.capital_plural_name }} and will be banned from participation after 3 rule violations. We hope that you will take the time to review the rules page so that you can avoid further infractions, as we would like for you to remain a member of our community. Thank you for your understanding.
{% if site.has_rule_page? %}
{{ site.rule_page.full_url }}
{% endif %}
{{ broadcaster.name }}
{{ site.full_url }}


XGI
Section: Devices and Network Interfaces (4)Updated: xf86-video-xgi 1.6.0
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
xgi - XGI video driverSYNOPSIS
Section N'34'DeviceN'34' Identifier N'34'devnameN'34' Driver N'34'xgiN'34' ... EndSection
DESCRIPTION
xgi is an XFree86 driver for XGI video chips. The driver is accelerated, and provides support for colordepths of 8, 16 and 24 bpp. XVideo, Render and other extensions are supported as well.SUPPORTED HARDWARE
The xgi driver supports PCI and AGP video cards based on the following chipsets:XGI5597/5598 XGI530/620 XGI6326/AGP/DVD XGI300/305 XGI540 XGI630/730 XGI315/H/PRO XGI550/551/552 XGI650/651/M650/661FX/M661FX/M661MX/740/741 XGI330 (Xabre) XGI760
In the following text, the following terms are used:
old series for XGI5597/5598, 530/620 and 6326/AGP/DVD
300 series for XGI300/305, 540 and 630/730
315/330 series for XGI315/H/PRO, 55x and (M)65x/(M)661xX/74x, 330, 760
Note: Support for 661FX, M661FX, M661MX, 741 and 760 is untested.
CONFIGURATION DETAILS
Please refer to XF86Config(5) for general configuration details. This section only covers configuration details specific to this driver.Detailed information on all supported options can be obtained at http://www.winischhofer.net/linuxxgivga.shtml
This manpage only covers a subset of the supported options.
1. For all supported chipsets
The following driver Options are supported on all chipsets:
- Option N'34'NoAccelN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Disable or enable 2D acceleration. Default: acceleration is enabled.
- Option N'34'HWCursorN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Enable or disable the HW cursor. Default: HWCursor is on.
- Option N'34'SWCursorN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- The opposite of HWCursor. Default: SWCursor is off.
- Option N'34'RotateN'34' N'34'CWN'34'
- Rotate the display clockwise. This mode is unaccelerated, and uses the Shadow Frame Buffer layer. Using this option disables the Resize and Rotate extension (RandR). Default: no rotation.
- Option N'34'RotateN'34' N'34'CCWN'34'
- Rotate the display counterclockwise. This mode is unaccelerated, and uses the Shadow Frame Buffer layer. Using this option disables the Resize and Rotate extension (RandR). Default: no rotation.
- Option N'34'ShadowFBN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Enable or disable use of the shadow framebuffer layer. Default: Shadow framebuffer is off.
- Option N'34'CRT1GammaN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Enable or disable gamma correction. Default: Gamma correction is on.
2. Old series specific information
The driver will auto-detect the amount of video memory present for all these chips, but in the case of the 6326, it will limit the memory size to 4MB. This is because the 6326's 2D engine can only address 4MB. The remaining memory seems to be intended for 3D texture data, since only the 3D engine can address RAM above 4MB. However, you can override this limitation using the N'34'VideoRAMN'34' option in the Device section if your board has more than 4MB and you need to use it. However, 2D acceleration, Xvideo and the HWCursor will be disabled in this case.
The driver will also auto-detect the maximum dotclock and DAC speed. If you have problems getting high resolutions because of dot clock limitations, try using the N'34'DacSpeedN'34' option, also in the Device section. However, this is not recommended for the 6326. For this chip, the driver has two built-in modes for high resolutions which you should use instead. These are named N'34'XGI1280x1024-75N'34' and N'34'XGI1600x1200-60N'34' and they will be added to the list of default modes. To use these modes, just place them in your Screen section. Example:
Modes N'34'XGI1600x1200-60N'34' N'34'XGI1280x1024x75N'34' N'34'1024x768N'34' ...
Of these modes, 1280x1024 is only available at 8, 15 and 16bpp. 1600x1200 is available at 8bpp only.
TV support for the 6326
TV output is supported for the 6326. The driver will auto detect a TV connected and in this case add the following modes to the list of default modes: "PAL800x600", "PAL800x600U", "PAL720x540", "PAL640x480", "NTSC640x480", "NTSC640x480U" and "NTSC640x400". Use these modes like the hi-res modes described above.
The following driver Options are supported on the old series:
- Option N'34'TurboQueueN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Enable or disable TurboQueue mode. Default: off for 530/620, on for the others
- Option N'34'FastVramN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Enable or disable FastVram mode. Enabling this sets the video RAM timing to one cycle per read operation instead of two cycles. Disabling this will set two cycles for read and write operations. Leaving this option out uses the default, which varies depending on the chipset.
- Option N'34'NoHostBusN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- (XGI5597/5598 only). Disable CPU-to-VGA host bus support. This speeds up CPU to video RAM transfers. Default: Host bus is enabled.
- Option N'34'NoXVideoN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Disable XV (XVideo) extension support. Default: XVideo is on.
- Option N'34'NoYV12N'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Disable YV12 Xv support. This might me required due to hardware bugs in some chipsets. Disabling YV12 support forces Xv-aware applications to use YUV2 or XShm for video output. Default: YV12 support is on.
- Option N'34'TVStandardN'34' N'34'stringN'34'
- (6326 only) Valid parameters are PAL or NTSC. The default is set by a jumper on the card.
- Option N'34'TVXPosOffsetN'34' N'34'integerN'34'
- (6326 only) This option allows tuning the horizontal position of the image for TV output. The range is from -16 to 16. Default: 0
- Option N'34'TVYPosOffsetN'34' N'34'integerN'34'
- (6326 only) This option allows tuning the vertical position of the image for TV output. The range is from -16 to 16. Default: 0
- Option N'34'XGI6326TVEnableYFilterN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- (6326 only) This option allows enabling/disabling the Y (chroma) filter for TV output.
- Option N'34'XGI6326TVAntiFlickerN'34' N'34'stringN'34'
- (6326 only) This option allow enabling/disabling the anti flicker facility for TV output. Possible parameters are OFF, LOW, MED, HIGH or ADAPTIVE. By experience, ADAPTIVE yields the best results, hence it is the default.
2. 300 and 315/330 series specific information
The 300 and 315/330 series feature two CRT controllers and very often come with a video bridge for controlling LCD and TV output. Hereinafter, the term CRT1 refers to the VGA output of the chip, and CRT2 refers to either LCD, TV or secondary VGA. Due to timing reasons, only one CRT2 output can be active at the same time. But this limitation does not apply to using CRT1 and CRT2 at the same time which makes it possible to run the driver in dual head mode.
The driver supports the following video bridges:
XGI301 XGI301B(-DH) XGI301C XGI301LV(X) XGI302LV
Instead of a video bridge, some machines have a LVDS transmitter to control LCD panels, and a Chrontel 7005 or 7019 for TV output. All these are supported as well.
About TV output
On the XGI301 and the Chrontel 7005, only resolutions up to 800x600 are supported. On all others, resolutions up to 1024x768 are supported. However, due to a hardware bug, Xvideo might be distorted on XGI video bridges if running NTSC or PAL-M at 1024x768.
About XVideo support
XVideo is supported on all chipsets of both families. However, there are some differences in hardware features which cause limitations. The 300 series as well as the XGI55x, M650, 651, 661FX, M661FX, and 741 support two video overlays. The XGI315/H/PRO, 650/740 and 330 support only one such overlay. On chips with two overlays, one overlay is used for CRT1, the other for CRT2. On the other chipsets, the option N'34'XvOnCRT2N'34' can be used to select the desired output channel.
About Merged Framebuffer support
This mode is strongly recommended over Xinerama. Please see http://www.winischhofer.net/linuxxgivga.shtml for detailed information.
About dual-head support
Dual head mode has some limitations as regards color depth and resolution. Due to memory bandwidth limits, CRT1 might have a reduced maximum refresh rate if running on higher resolutions than 1280x1024.
Colordepth 8 is not supported when running in dual head mode.
The following driver Options are supported on the 300 and 315/330 series:
- Option N'34'NoXVideoN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Disable XV (XVideo) extension support. Default: XVideo is on.
- Option N'34'XvOnCRT2N'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- On chipsets with only one video overlay, this option can used to bind the overlay to CRT1 ( if a monitor is detected and if this option is either unset or set to false ) or CRT2 ( if a CRT2 device is detected or forced, and if this option is set to true ). If either only CRT1 or CRT2 is detected, the driver decides automatically. In Merged Framebuffer mode, this option is ignored. Default: overlay is used on CRT1
- Option N'34'ForceCRT1N'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Force CRT1 to be on of off. If a monitor is connected, it will be detected during server start. However, some old monitors are not detected correctly. In such cases, you may set this option to on in order to make the driver initialize CRT1 anyway. If this option is set to off , the driver will switch off CRT1. Default: auto-detect
- Option N'34'ForceCRT2TypeN'34' N'34'stringN'34'
- Force display type to one of: NONE , TV , SVIDEO , COMPOSITE , SVIDEO+COMPOSITE , SCART , LCD , VGA ; NONE will disable CRT2. The SVIDEO, COMPOSITE, SVIDEO+COMPOSITE and SCART parameters are for XGI video bridges only and can be used to force the driver to use a specific TV output connector (if present). Default: auto detect.
- Option N'34'CRT2GammaN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- Enable or disable gamma correction for CRT2. Only supported for XGI video bridges. Default: Gamma correction for CRT2 is on.
- Option N'34'TVStandardN'34' N'34'stringN'34'
- Force the TV standard to either PAL or NTSC. On some machines with 630, 730 and the 315/330 series, PALM , PALN and NTSCJ are supported as well. Default: BIOS setting.
- Option N'34'TVXPosOffsetN'34' N'34'integerN'34'
- This option allows tuning the horizontal position of the image for TV output. The range is from -32 to 32. Not supported on the Chrontel 7019. Default: 0
- Option N'34'TVYPosOffsetN'34' N'34'integerN'34'
- This option allows tuning the vertical position of the image for TV output. The range is from -32 to 32. Not supported on the Chrontel 7019. Default: 0
- Option N'34'XGITVXScaleN'34' N'34'integerN'34'
- This option selects the horizontal zooming level for TV output. The range is from -16 to 16. Only supported on XGI video bridges. Default: 0
- Option N'34'XGITVYScaleN'34' N'34'integerN'34'
- This option selects the vertical zooming level for TV output in the following modes: 640x480, 800x600. On the 315/330 series, also 720x480, 720x576 and 768x576. The range is from -4 to 3. Only supported on XGI video bridges. Default: 0
- Option N'34'CHTVOverscanN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- On machines with a Chrontel TV encoder, this can be used to force the TV mode to overscan or underscan. on means overscan, off means underscan. Default: BIOS setting.
- Option N'34'CHTVSuperOverscanN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- On machines with a Chrontel 7005 TV encoder, this option enables a super-overscan mode. This is only supported if the TV standard is PAL. Super overscan will produce an image on the TV which is larger than the viewable area.
The driver supports many more options. Please see http://www.winischhofer.net/linuxxgivga.shtml for more information.
3. 300 series specific information
DRI is supported on the 300 series only. On Linux, DRI requires the kernel's XGI framebuffer driver ( xgifb ) and some other modules which come with either the kernel or XFree86.
Xgifb takes care of memory management for texture data. In order to prevent the X Server and xgifb from overwriting each other's data, xgifb reserves an amount of video memory for the X driver. This amount can either be selected using xgifb's mem parameter, or auto-selected depending on the amount of total video RAM available.
Xgifb can be used for memory management only, or as a complete framebuffer driver. If you start xgifb with a valid mode (ie you gain a graphical console), the X driver can communicate with xgifb and doesn't require any manual configuration for finding out about the video memory it is allowed to use. However, if you are running a 2.4 series Linux kernel and use xgifb for video memory management only, ie you started xgifb with mode=none and still have a text mode console, there is no communication between xgifb and the X driver. For this purpose, the
- Option N'34'MaxXFBMemN'34' N'34'integerN'34'
exists. This option must be set to the same value as given to xgifb through its "mem" parameter, ie the amount of memory to use for X in kilobytes.
If you started xgifb without the mem argument, xgifb will reserve
- 12288KB if more than 16MB of total video RAM is available,
- 8192KB if between 12 and 16MB of video RAM is available,
- 4096KB in all other cases.
If you intend to use DRI, I recommend setting the total video memory in the BIOS to 64MB in order to at least overcome the lack of memory swap functions.
- Option N'34'DRIN'34' N'34'booleanN'34'
- This option allows enabling or disabling DRI. By default, DRI is on.
- Option N'34'AGPSizeN'34' N'34'integerN'34'
- This option allows selecting the amount of AGP memory to be used for DRI. The amount is to be specified in megabyte, the default is 8.
KNOWN BUGS
none.SEE ALSO
XFree86(1), XF86Config(5), xf86config(1), Xserver(1), X(7)http://www.winischhofer.net/linuxxgivga.shtml for more information and updates
AUTHORS
Authors include: Alan Hourihane, Mike Chapman, Juanjo Santamarta, Mitani Hiroshi, David Thomas, Sung-Ching Lin, Ademar Reis, Thomas Winischhofer
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:33:54 GMT, December 24, 2015


MASTERMIND
How to Play:
Mastermind is a classic mind game: a secret numeric code is generated (e.g., [1][1][2][3]) and you must figure it out using guesses and the hints provided. Enter a guess and click Submit. Red pegs indicate how many spots contain the correct number in the correct position. White pegs indicate how many spots contain the correct number but in the wrong position.
Code Length
Digit Range
🎉 Congratulations! You won! 🎉
Click 'Reset Game' to play again.
If you want a bigger challenge, try changing the game settings.
(Click anywhere to close)


Class Line
The Line Entity Class
Implements
Inherited Members
System.Object.Equals(System.Object)
System.Object.Equals(System.Object, System.Object)
System.Object.GetHashCode()
System.Object.GetType()
System.Object.MemberwiseClone()
System.Object.ReferenceEquals(System.Object, System.Object)
System.Object.ToString()
Namespace: Dxflib.Entities
Assembly: Dxflib.dll
Syntax
public class Line : Entity, IGeoLinear
Constructors
| Improve this Doc View SourceLine(LineBuffer)
Extraction Constructor, requires filling out of an EntityBuffer
Declaration
public Line(LineBuffer lineBuffer)
Parameters
| Type | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
| LineBuffer | lineBuffer | The Line Buffer that was filled in the extraction process |
Properties
| Improve this Doc View SourceArea
The Area of the Line
Declaration
public double Area { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Double |
GLine
The GeoLine of the Line, which is a sort of geometric backing type for the line
Declaration
public GeoLine GLine { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| GeoLine |
Length
The Length of the Line
Declaration
public double Length { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Double |
Thickness
The Thickness of the line
Declaration
public double Thickness { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.Double |
Methods
| Improve this Doc View SourceToVector()
Convert this Line to a Vector
Declaration
public Vector ToVector()
Returns
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| Vector |


Common CAPTCHA vulnerabilities
CAPTCHA is stored in:
URL parameter
Image name
hidden form field
HTML comment or other HTML location
same CAPTCHA can be used multiple times
bypass CAPTCHA by not supplying CAPTCHA or other paramter


Instructions
I made these instructions while I made the house in paint.
The original word file is here.
All coordinates are X, Y and All colors are RGB
Resize blank page to 800 x 500
Draw a box starting 180,180 to 550,375
Draw a triangle starting at 180,180 to 550, 100
Draw a box starting at 500, 90 to 540,180
Draw a box starting at 230,270 to 270, 330
Draw a box starting at 470, 270 to 510,330
Draw a box starting at 330,260 to 380,375
Use the fill tool and fill in the top triangle, the bottom rectangle, the chimney and the overlapping part of the chimney and the triangle to black (0,0,0)
Change the primary color to (RGB) 185, 122, 87
Use the fill tool and fill in the door to the color brown
Change the primary color to 0, 162, 232
Use the fill tool to color the outside
Change the primary color to 34, 177, 76
Draw a box from 0,380 to 799,499
Change color to 34, 177, 76
Now that the box color has been changed, fill in the box
Draw a box from 630,240 to 680,375
Change color to 185, 122, 87
Now that the box color has been changed, fill in the box
Change color to 34, 177, 76
Draw an oval from 570,155 to 740,240
Now fill in the circle green
Change the color to 255,242, 0
Draw an oval from 30,50 to 100,120
Fill in the circle yellow
Change the color to 116, 71, 48
Fill in the house but not the door or the windows
Change the color to 153, 217, 234
Fill in the windows
Analysis:
Although my house was recreated very accurately, my instructions had a few errors. An error that I had was that I didn't specify if the shape had any outlines. Another error that I was ambiguous in specifying which shape to recolor.


This is a demo of fancy checkboxes and radio buttons - build with absolutly pure css.
Radio button
Option 1
Option 2
Option 3
Option 4 (disabled)
Checkbox
Choice A
Choice B
Choice C
Choice D (disabled)


Created by Javi Martín and Miguel Olmos
A class should have only a single responsibility
Open for extension, but closed for modification
Objects should be replaced by its subtypes without modifying the behaviour
Many interfaces better than a generic one
Depend on abstractions not concretions
Write a program that prints the numbers from 1 to 100. But for multiples of three print "Fizz" instead of the number and for the multiples of five print "Buzz". For numbers which are multiples of both three and five print "FizzBuzz?".
1
2
Fizz
4
Buzz
Fizz
7
8
Fizz
Buzz
11
Fizz
13
14
FizzBuzz
16
17
Fizz
19
Buzz
... etc up to 100
Reverse Polish notation (RPN) is a mathematical notation in which every operator follows all of its operands, in contrast to Polish notation, which puts the operator in the prefix position. It is also known as postfix notation and is parenthesis-free as long as operator arities are fixed.
5 1 2 + 4 * + 3 - = 14
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2 1 12 3 / - + = -1


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java.lang.Object | +--org.apache.avalon.framework.logger.AbstractLoggable | +--org.apache.cocoon.components.store.MRUMemoryStore
This class provides a cache algorithm for the requested documents. It combines a HashMap and a LinkedList to create a so called MRU (Most Recently Used) cache. The idea was taken from the "Writing Advanced Application Tutorial" from javasoft. Many thanx to the writers!
| Fields inherited from interface org.apache.cocoon.components.store.Store |
ROLE |
| Constructor Summary | |
MRUMemoryStore()
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| Method Summary | |
void |
compose(org.apache.avalon.framework.component.ComponentManager manager)
Get components of the ComponentManager |
void |
configure(org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.Configuration conf)
Initialize the MRUMemoryStore. |
boolean |
containsKey(java.lang.Object key)
Indicates if the given key is associated to a contained object. |
void |
contextualize(org.apache.avalon.framework.context.Context context)
Get the context |
void |
dispose()
Dispose the component |
void |
free()
Frees some of the fast memory used by this store. |
java.lang.Object |
get(java.lang.Object key)
Get the object associated to the given unique key. |
void |
hold(java.lang.Object key,
java.lang.Object value)
This method holds the requested object in a HashMap combined with a LinkedList to create the MRU. |
java.util.Enumeration |
keys()
Returns the list of used keys as an Enumeration. |
void |
remove(java.lang.Object key)
Remove the object associated to the given key. |
void |
store(java.lang.Object key,
java.lang.Object value)
Store the given object in a persistent state. |
| Methods inherited from class org.apache.avalon.framework.logger.AbstractLoggable |
getLogger, setLogger, setupLogger, setupLogger, setupLogger |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Constructor Detail |
public MRUMemoryStore()
| Method Detail |
public void compose(org.apache.avalon.framework.component.ComponentManager manager) throws org.apache.avalon.framework.component.ComponentException
compose
in interface org.apache.avalon.framework.component.Composable
the
- ComponentManagerpublic void contextualize(org.apache.avalon.framework.context.Context context) throws org.apache.avalon.framework.context.ContextException
contextualize
in interface org.apache.avalon.framework.context.Contextualizable
the
- Context of the applicationpublic void configure(org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.Configuration conf) throws org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.ConfigurationException
configure
in interface org.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.Configurable
the
- Configuration of the applicationorg.apache.avalon.framework.configuration.ConfigurationException
- public void dispose()
dispose
in interface org.apache.avalon.framework.activity.Disposable
public void store(java.lang.Object key, java.lang.Object value)
store
in interface Store
the
- key for the object to storethe
- object to storepublic void hold(java.lang.Object key, java.lang.Object value)
hold
in interface Store
the
- key of the object to be storedthe
- object to be storedpublic java.lang.Object get(java.lang.Object key)
get
in interface Store
the
- key of the requested objectpublic void remove(java.lang.Object key)
remove
in interface Store
the
- key of to be removed objectpublic boolean containsKey(java.lang.Object key)
containsKey
in interface Store
the
- key of the objectpublic java.util.Enumeration keys()
keys
in interface Store
public void free()
free
in interface Store
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Describes predicted inventory availability for a line item with the specified properties.
Inventory has three threshold values along a line of possible inventory. From least to most, these are:
The term "can overbook" is used, because if more impressions are served than are predicted, the extra available inventory might enable all inventory guarantees to be met without overbooking.

Located in /Ads/Dfp/v201103/ForecastService.php (line 865)
Gets the namesapce of this class
Gets the xsi:type name of this class
Documentation generated by phpDocumentor 1.4.3


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Class TarOutputExtensions
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TarOutputExtensions
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public static class TarOutputExtensions
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FormFab:
Continuous Interactive Fabrication.
Figure 1. (a) FormFab changes the workpiece continuously while the user is interacting with it. First, a heat-gun warms up the workpiece. Once the material has become compliant, (b) the user’s hand gesture interactively controls a pneumatic system that applies pressure or vacuum, pushing the material outwards or pulling it inwards.
Several systems have illustrated the concept of interactive fabrication, i.e. rather than working through a digital editor, users make edits directly on the physical workpiece. However, so far the interaction has been limited to turn-taking, i.e., users first perform a command and then the system responds with physical feedback. In this paper, we present a first step towards interactive fabrication that changes the workpiece continuously while the user is manipulating it.
To achieve this, our system FormFab does not add or subtract material but instead reshapes it (formative fabrication). A heat gun attached to a robotic arm warms up a thermoplastic sheet until it becomes compliant; users then control a pneumatic system that applies either pressure or vacuum thereby pushing the material outwards or pulling it inwards.
Since FormFab reshapes the workpiece continuously while users are moving their hands, users can interactively explore different sizes of a shape with a single interaction.
Introduction
Recently, Willis et al. [28] proposed the concept of Interactive Fabrication. The key idea is to bring the principles of direct manipulation [20] to the editing of physical objects: Instead of working on a digital 3D model and producing the physical version only at the end, users make edits directly on the physical workpiece and see it change immediately.
Early interactive fabrication systems, such as Shaper [28], CopyCAD [5], and constructable [14], allow for hands-on editing on the physical workpiece. However, their interaction is best described as turn-taking: users first provide input to the system and then the system responds with physical feedback. Since there are two discrete steps, users can only explore one option per turn [2].
In this paper, we propose an interactive fabrication system that can change a workpiece’s shape continuously while the user is interacting. This enables users to explore different sizes of a shape with a single interaction rather than in multiple turns. We accomplish this using a process called formative fabrication, which rather than adding or subtracting, reshapes the existing material. In our system, users interactively control a pneumatic air pump that applies either pressure or vacuum to a compliant thermoplastic sheet, thereby pushing the material outwards or pulling it inwards (Figure 1b).
FormFab System
FormFab is an interactive fabrication system based on formative fabrication that allows users to explore different sizes of a shape by continuously changing the workpiece while the user is interacting with it (Figure 1b).
First, users draw an outline of the area they want to reshape using their index finger (Figure 2a). When the user removes the finger, the path is beautified by our software. The robotic arm then warms up the area using a heat gun (Figure 2b).
Figure 2: (a,b) Drawing outline and heating. (c,d) Once the user interacts, the workpiece changes continuously, i.e., here we show one interaction in which the same part is first pulled out and then pushed back in.
After the material has reached its compliance point, the robotic arm moves out of the way. The user can then perform a pinch gesture, which activates the pneumatic system. If the user’s hand moves away from the workpiece, the pneumatic system increases the air pressure and the compliant area inflates (Figure 2c). If the user’s hand moves back towards the workpiece, the pneumatic system reduces the pressure and the compliant area deflates (Figure 2d).
While step 1 of the user interaction, i.e., drawing the outline, still follows the turn-taking interaction model, step 2, i.e., defining the extrusion amount provides physical feedback while the user is interacting.
Walkthrough: Making the sculpture of a teddy head
Figure 3 shows the steps to make the sculpture of a teddy bear’s head using our system. We first draw a circle onto the flat workpiece and after the robot has heated up the area, we reshape the sheet to explore different dimensions for the head—making it larger and smaller within seconds until we find the right shape (Figure 1b). Using the same interaction steps, we add the ears to the head of the teddy (Figure 3a/b): As can be seen in the accompanying video, we reshape the right ear for about 30s continuously to find the best shape, and then add the left ear accordingly. We now add the snout: to explore the best size, we repeatedly scale the snout by moving our hand to different distances from the workpiece. We then add a tip on top of it. In the last step, we create the eyes (Figure 3c). This time, we move our hand towards the workpiece, thereby applying vacuum that extrudes the eyes inwards.
Figure 3: Making the teddy bear head: (a,b) drawing and extruding the left ear, (c) extruding an eye.
Figure 4 shows the final teddy head made from a 30x30cm sheet (thickness: 4mm). Making the teddy head took only 9 minutes including the time for exploring different sizes for various parts of the design and also includes the time for heating and for letting the material become rigid again. We were able to explore different sizes at each interaction step for ca. 30 seconds before the material became rigid.
Figure 4: The sculpture of a teddy bear’s head.
Hardware
Figure 1 shows the hardware setup of our system. It consists of two main parts: (1) the user interaction tracking, and (2) the formative fabrication unit.
#1 Tracking hardware
To track the user interaction, FormFab users wear a motion capture marker and a pressure sensor on their index finger (Figure 5). The marker is detected by a motion capture system (OptiTrack) and used to determine where the user is interacting on the workpiece. In addition, the pressure sensor is used to determine the beginning and end of the interaction. We can do this because in both interactions users apply pressure to the index finger either by touching the workpiece or by pressing the index finger to the thumb in the pinch gesture.
Figure 5: Tracking unit.
Instead of using a passive retro-reflective marker, we use an active infrared LED marker that is turned on when the user applies pressure to the finger (an Arduino Nano connected to the pressure sensor processes the pressure values, then activates the LED). We are using an active marker because detecting passive markers requires the motion capture cameras to emit infrared light. The light causes reflections on our workpiece, which makes it difficult to detect the marker. By using the active marker, we were able to use the cameras with their infrared emission turned off.
#2 Robotic arm
We use a 6-axis robotic arm (ABB IRB 120) to move the heat gun that warms up the workpiece. The six degrees of freedom allow the robotic arm to reach around the work-piece from all sides. In contrast to previous systems that achieve higher degrees of freedom by rotating the workpiece (e.g., the 5-axis device used for Patching Physical Objects [23]), the robotic arm keeps the workpiece stationary, thereby preserving the user’s spatial frame of reference during modeling. By mounting the robotic arm to the ceiling, we were able to maximize the reachable area while also allowing the user to freely move around the workpiece.
#3 Heat gun
We heat the workpiece using heat guns that blow air onto the workpiece (Figure 6). We chose air for heating as it best distributes on surfaces of arbitrary geometry. A rigid array of radiator elements, in contrast, would lead to uneven heating as some points are located closer to the workpiece’s surface than others. Other contactless methods, such as an infrared-light array were not powerful enough to heat the thermoplastic sheet.
We use two heat guns of different sizes. We use the larger heat gun (Ø3.5cm) for the first steps in the modeling process when the coarse base shape is created. We use the smaller heat gun (Ø0.7cm) for later steps when the user creates details. Both heat guns have a different working range (see section ‘Factors Influencing the Forming Process’). We determined the values experimentally and use them to optimize the heat transfer while preventing to overheat the material.
Figure 6: Heat guns and temperature sensor.
Since the heat transfer is influenced by several factors that are hard to predict, we added a temperature sensor (Melexis MLX90620) to the robotic arm to determine the temperature of the workpiece (Figure 6). The sensor is wired to an Arduino Nano that informs FormFab’s main application about the current temperature values.
The temperature sensor is passive and measures the infrared radiation emitted by the material when it warms up. Active sensors, such as an infrared laser thermometer, that first emit light and then measure its reflection did not work due to the transparent nature of our workpiece.
#4 Pneumatic control system
To reshape the workpiece, FormFab uses a compressor (Universal II Profi-Airbrush) that compresses air up to 5 bar (Figure 7). To set the pressure value, the regulation unit expects a control voltage from 0 – 10 V. FormFab sets the voltage using an Arduino Uno connected to a digital potentiometer that regulates a 24V external power supply.
Figure 7: Pneumatic system: an Arduino controls how much pressure is applied and also switches the valves.
The pressurized air is then guided through different valves, depending on whether pressure or vacuum should be applied to the workpiece. If pressure is applied, the pressurized air is directly forwarded to the air chamber to reshape the workpiece. If vacuum is to be applied, the pressurized air instead goes through a vacuum generator, which creates negative pressure in the air chamber, pulling the compliant workpiece inwards. To switch between pressure or vacuum, FormFab changes the valve configuration via the Arduino.
After the user finished the interaction, our system keeps the air chamber at a constant pressure level until the workpiece has cooled down and has become rigid again - changing the pressure earlier to a neutral level would cause the workpiece to partly undo the latest deformation step.
After the workpiece has cooled down, our system opens a valve to neutralize the air chamber, i.e., it releases any excess pressure. This is necessary because if the air chamber was still pressurized at the beginning of the next heating step, the workpiece would start to deform as soon as it becomes compliant, i.e., even without the user interacting.
Software
The software pipeline consists of the following processing steps: (1) tracking the outline the user is drawing, (2) calculating the heating path, (3) generating movement commands for the robotic arm, (4) monitoring the temperature to achieve compliance, and (5) applying air pressure via the pneumatic system according to user input.
#1 Tracking the user interaction
The active infrared LED marker on the user's fingertip is detected by OptiTrack's motion capture software Motive. Since the infrared LED can cause reflections on the transparent and reflecting workpiece, we filter reflections that do not fit the LED's size and circularity.
Motive streams the position data of the marker to the FormFab main application, which implements a client based on the NatNet SDK from OptiTrack. As soon as the user finishes drawing, the marker position is processed using OpenCV's shape detection algorithms.
#2 Calculating the heating path
Based on the user's drawing, our software generates a heating path with the goal to heat up the area equally at all locations. Since calculating the heating path for an even heat distribution is difficult for arbitrary shapes, we limit FormFab’s modeling geometries to circles and lines.
For heating up outline circles, we move along the path repeatedly until we reach the material’s compliance point. For heating area circles, we apply a spiral path that moves from the outline towards the center of the circle.
When creating the spiral path, we have to adjust the distance between two lines of a spiral based on the heat gun radius, the distance to the workpiece, and the amount of airflow (see section ‘Factors Influencing the Forming Process’). If the lines are too close, the area will overheat, if lines are too far apart, the area will not heat up sufficiently (Figure 8). We also shift the heating path inwards to avoid heating areas outside the drawn area. The amount of shift is determined by the same factors as the spacing of lines.
Figure 8: (a) overheating, (b) even heat distribution.
#3 Robot movement
We installed the open-abb-driver [15] as a server on our robotic arm. This allows us to send real-time commands via a TCP/IP connection. It also allows us to receive information about the robotic arm's current state.
The server processes movement commands in the robotic programming language RAPID that tells the robotic arm how to position the joints and how fast to transition between different positions (Figure 9). We generate these commands using the Grasshopper plugin Robots.IO [19].
Figure 9: Calculating path for even heat distribution.
Robots.IO also generates warnings in case a target position is located outside the working range of the robotic arm (e.g., because it exceeds a joint limit), which typically happens when the shape becomes too large and the robotic arm has to operate at the boundaries of its working volume.
Robots.IO generates a different type of warning in situations where the robotic arm would collide with the workpiece. To allow Robots.IO to detect this case, the system has to provide it with a digital representation of the workpiece. We approximate the 3D model by simulating each modification applied to the workpiece (Figure 10).
Figure 10: Our system computes a physical simulation on a digital counterpart of the physical workpiece.
For this, FormFab uses the physical simulation environment Kangaroo Physics [10], which is available as a Grasshopper plug-in. First, our system uses the heat path and heat gun radius to define the virtual compliant area. It then adjusts the virtual air pressure according to the physical air pressure to determine the amount of extrusion.
Our system also uses the resulting digital representation of the workpiece to orient the heat gun so as to always point at the workpiece at a perpendicular angle, allowing the system to heat the workpiece evenly.
#4 Heat control loop
Robots.IO exports the RAPID code for the entire heating path into a .txt file. Uploading the entire code to the robotic arm would execute the path, but would not allow querying information about the robotic arm during that time. However, FormFab needs information about the robotic arm’s current position when it evaluates the current temperature data from the heat sensor as it otherwise does not know to where on the workpiece the measurement belongs. Our software thus splits the RAPID code into separate motion commands and sends them one-by-one to the communication server running on the robotic arm.
Once the heat-sensor has determined that the material has reached its compliance point, FormFab stops the heating process and moves the robotic arm to its default position, i.e., out of the way of the user.
#5 Pneumatic control
Before turning on the pneumatic system, our software detects the direction of user input. When the user first performs a pinch gesture, our system sets the position of the user’s hand as the origin from which to measure (Figure 11a). For every 3 mm of hand movement, our system increases or decreases the control voltage of the pneumatic regulation unit by one step, slightly increasing or decreasing the pressure inside the workpiece (Figure 11b/c).
The exact pressure depends on the size of the compliant area. Pushing out smaller areas requires substantially higher pressure than pushing out larger areas. The reason for this is that the force available to push out a compliant area is the amount of pressure times the size of the area. FormFab compensates for this by applying a factor depending on the radius of the area.
Figure 11: (a) Zero level. (b) Increase pressure. (c) Decrease pressure, then switch to vacuum.
FormFab keeps track of the number of increments and decrements sent to the pneumatic regulation unit. This allows it to switch the valve from vacuum to pressure and back at the right moment and to neutralize the air chamber to zero bar, when needed.
Factors Influencing the Forming Process
In this section, we provide more details on the factors that influence the forming process and the resulting shapes.
#1 Size of Heated Area
The more the heat spreads on the workpiece, the shallower the temperature gradient at the edge of the heated area, thus the smoother the extrusion. While the heat gun supplies an initial source temperature, several factors influence the amount of heat that reaches the workpiece and how the heat distributes (Figure 12).
Figure 12: Factors influencing the heat distribution.
Each heat gun has a fixed opening through which the hot air exits (i.e., the diameter). Since the heat gun is located at a distance, the heat further spreads before it reaches the workpiece. The larger this distance, the bigger the spread.
The heat gun’s airflow also helps spread heat across the workpiece. The more airflow, the faster the heat spreads.
#2 Amount of Stretch
As illustrated by Figure 13, the thicker the workpiece, the further it can be stretched before it starts to tear. We typically use sheets of 2 mm – 6 mm thickness but even a 1 mm sheet of PETG plastic can be stretched to create a shape larger than a human’s head (see Figure 16).
Figure 13: (a) This 2 mm sheet is stretched too far. (b) The thicker 4 mm sheet can accomplish this shape.
However, thicker sheets also need more time to heat up. The reason for this is that we warm up the workpiece from the outside using a heat gun, thus the heat needs time to propagate through the thickness of the sheet (Figure 14). If we apply heat too fast, the top surface of the sheet may overheat while the bottom surface is still cold; this can lead to heat bubbles that might tear when pressure is applied later on. This problem is amplified with thicker sheets, as the heat takes longer to propagate through.
Figure 14: Since the heat comes from the top, it requires less time to sink through (a) a thin workpiece than (b) a thicker workpiece.
The amount of stretch is also affected by the amount of pressure applied and the size of the area. To reshape an area, the system has to apply a certain force to overcome the elasticity of the material in its compliant state. The smaller the compliant area, the more pressure or vacuum is required because the force for reshaping is proportional to the size of the area and the applied pressure (Figure 15). As the compliant area gets stretched, its size increases and its thickness decreases, leading to less resistance and thus a larger force on the area overall. Thus, over time, less and less pressure is required to keep stretching the area. If the pressure is kept constant, the expanded area might tear due to the excess pressure or the area might keep expanding even though the user already finished interacting. Our system estimates the size of the expanding area and approximates the pressure for the desired expansion rate.
Figure 15: (a) Applying the same amount of pressure to a small area (no resulting extrusion) and (b) a big area.
Finally, the hotter the material, the easier it is to stretch. However, heating beyond the compliance point raises the chances of overheating and undesired heat bubbles.
#3 Best Materials to Use
There are two main factors that influence how suitable a material is for our purposes: (1) materials with a low-compliance point allow spending less time on heating; (2) materials with a high stretch-ability allow using thinner sheets, which again reduces the heating time.
We looked at four different thermoplastics, including PETG, ABS, PC, and PMMA. The compliance point can be extracted from the data sheets of each material. We found PETG to have the lowest compliance point. Next, we determined stretch-ability by running an experiment in which we repeated the same heating path until we reached each material’s compliance point. We then applied the same pneumatic pressure. Figure 16 shows three characteristic results, all created from a 1 mm sheet. PETG performed best; ABS led to a medium-sized extrusion, while PC only led to a minor extrusion. Since PETG performed best on both scales, we used it in our system.
Figure 16: Results from our material stretch test.
Interaction Space
In its current form, our system only supports simple gesture input for circular and elliptical shapes and for defining the extrusion amount. Interactions in FormFab could be further enhanced by encoding constraints and action sequences into tools and by including alignment and snapping functionality, such as illustrated in constructable [14] and other interactive fabrication tools.
For instance, a multi extrusion tool could allow users to extrude both ears of the teddy bear head sculpture simultaneously (Figure 17a), while a copy/paste tool could replicate an existing shape at another location (Figure 17b).
Figure 17: Different tools: (a) simultaneous extrusion of both ears, (b) copy pasting the left ear to the right side.
Similarly, snapping functionality could allow the user to extrude a shape in equal increments (Figure 18a), while alignment functionality could allow users to extrude a part until it reaches the same height as a previously selected part (Figure 18b).
Figure 18: (a) Snapping the shape to fixed increments to provide guidance. (b) Aligning the right ear height to the left ear height.
Design Elements
While our approach is limited to decorative objects that consist of shapes producible with thermoforming, we can vary the heat distribution across a shape to achieve different outcomes.
Outline vs. Area Shape
As illustrated by Figure 19a, by heating up only the outline of a shape and leaving the inside at room temperature, we can achieve a plateau. Heating up the entire area in contrast results in a half sphere (Figure 19b).
Figure 19: Heating: (a) outline only, (b) entire area.
Figure 20 shows this at the example of a head sculpture that also has a neck. The neck is made first using a circular outline shape, the basic head shape is added in a second step using a circular area shape.
Figure 20: First steps of making a head sculpture with neck. (a) outline shape for neck, (b,c) adding the head.
Homogeneous vs. Heterogeneous Heating
In Figure 19 both shapes were created using homogeneous heating, i.e., the entire outline or area is heated up equally. Figure 21 uses the same basic outline/area shapes, but this time with an unequal heat distribution. As can be seen, the hottest point will expand furthest as the material is more compliant than in other areas.
Figure 21: Heterogeneous heating: (a) a tilted plateau shape from an outline, (b) a tilted area shape.
Conclusion & Future Work
In this paper, we showed a first prototype implementation of an interactive fabrication system that provides the user with continuous physical feedback while the user is interacting. While the first step of selecting the area still followed the turn-taking model, the second step of defining the size of the shape provided the user with continuous physical feedback, thereby bringing the principles of direct manipulation to the editing of physical objects.
For future work, we plan to explore how to make the setup more compact by integrating the heating elements directly with the plastic sheet. This would allow us to remove the robotic arm and heat guns. In addition, we plan to explore additional design elements (outline vs. infill heating, equal vs. unequal heat distributions), and add gestures that encode constraints and action sequences, such as copy pasting existing shapes, similar to those that were illustrated in previous interactive fabrication systems. Finally, we plan to explore thermo-elastic materials, i.e., a material that is rigid when cold, but elastic when warmed up, which could potentially enable a completely reversible workflow.


matchbox-remote(1) matchbox-remote(1) NAME matchbox-remote - communicate with matchbox-window-manager process SYNOPSIS matchbox-remote [options] OPTIONS -t <matchbox theme name> Switch Matchbox theme -r Output current Matchbox theme -exit Request Matchbox to exit -next Page to next window -prev Page to previous window -desktop Toggle desktop visibility -menu Activate mb-applet-menu-launcher -panel-toggle [panel id] Toggle panel visibility -input-toggle Toggle input method (requires input manager) -composite-toggle Toggle compositing engine (if enabled) -keys-reload Reload keyboard shortcut configuration (if enabled) -h Output help DESCRIPTION matchbox-remote connects to a running matchbox-window-manager process to get information about its state or send it instruc‐ tions. matchbox-window-manager is a window manager for the X Window Sys‐ tem running on non-desktop embedded platforms such as handhelds, set-top boxes, kiosks and anything else for which screen space, input mechanisms or system resources are limited. AUTHOR matchbox-remote was written by Matthew Allum<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Jul 16 2004 matchbox-remote(1)


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Spectrum manipulation: background estimation, Markov smoothing, deconvolution and peaks search functions. Ported from ROOT/TSpectrum class.
| Version: | 0.2 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 2.5) |
| Published: | 2012-10-29 |
| Author: | Miroslav Morhac |
| Maintainer: | M.Kondrin <mkondrin at hppi.troitsk.ru> |
| License: | LGPL-2 | LGPL-2.1 | LGPL-3 [expanded from: LGPL] |
| NeedsCompilation: | yes |
| In views: | ChemPhys |
| CRAN checks: | Peaks results |
| Reference manual: | Peaks.pdf |
| Package source: | Peaks_0.2.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: Peaks_0.2.zip, r-release: Peaks_0.2.zip, r-oldrel: Peaks_0.2.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: Peaks_0.2.tgz, r-oldrel: Peaks_0.2.tgz |
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preg_replace_callback
(PHP 4 >= 4.0.5, PHP 5, PHP 7)
preg_replace_callback — 执行一个正则表达式搜索并且使用一个回调进行替换
说明
mixed preg_replace_callback ( mixed $pattern , callable $callback , mixed
$subject [, int $limit = -1 [, int &$count ]] )
这个函数的行为除了可以指定一个 callback 替代 replacement 进行替换字符串的计算，
其他方面等同于 preg_replace()。
参数
pattern
要搜索的模式，可以使字符串或一个字符串数组。
callback
一个回调函数，在每次需要替换时调用，调用时函数得到的参数是从subject 中匹配
到的结果。回调函数返回真正参与替换的字符串。这是该回调函数的签名：
string handler ( array $matches )
你可能经常会需要callback函数而仅用于preg_replace_callback()一个地方的调用。
在这种情况下，你可以使用匿名函数来定义一个匿名函数作为preg_replace_callback
()调用时的回调。这样做你可以保留所有调用信息在同一个位置并且不会因为一个不
在任何其他地方使用的回调函数名称而污染函数名称空间。
Example #1 preg_replace_callback() 和匿名函数
\s*\w|',
function ($matches) {
return strtolower($matches[0]);
},
$line
);
echo $line;
}
fclose($fp);
?>
subject
要搜索替换的目标字符串或字符串数组。
limit
对于每个模式用于每个 subject 字符串的最大可替换次数。默认是-1（无限制）。
count
如果指定，这个变量将被填充为替换执行的次数。
返回值
如果subject是一个数组， preg_replace_callback()返回一个数组，其他情况返回字符串
。错误发生时返回 NULL。
如果查找到了匹配，返回替换后的目标字符串（或字符串数组），其他情况subject 将会
无变化返回。
更新日志
版本 说明
5.1.0 增加了参数count。
范例
Example #2 preg_replace_callback()示例
以上例程会输出：
April fools day is 04/01/2003
Last christmas was 12/24/2002
Example #3 preg_replace_callback()使用递归构造处理BB码的封装
'.$input[1].'';
}
return preg_replace_callback($regex, 'parseTagsRecursive', $input);
}
$output = parseTagsRecursive($input);
echo $output;
?>
参见
• PCRE 模式
• preg_replace() - 执行一个正则表达式的搜索和替换
• preg_last_error() - 返回最后一个PCRE正则执行产生的错误代码
• 匿名函数
• callback 类型的信息
User Contributed Notes 27 notes
===============================================================================
The easiest way to pass more than one parameters to the callback function is
with the 'use' keyword.
[This is better than using global, because it works even when we are already
inside a function.]
In this example, the callback function is an anonymous function, which takes
one argument, $match, supplied by preg_replace_callback(). The extra
"use ($ten)" puts the $ten variable into scope for the function.
===============================================================================
If you want to call non-static function inside your class, you can do something
like this.
For PHP 5.2 use second argument like array($this, 'replace'):
$matches[1]($matches[2]);
}
}
}
?>
For PHP 5.3 use second argument like "self::replace":
$matches[1]($matches[2]);
}
}
}
?>
===============================================================================
JWI Error: JSON file '.$filename.'
not found!');
$content = join('', file($filename));
$dir = dirname($filename);
/**
* replace
* include statements
* with
* content of the file to include
* recursively
*/
$content = preg_replace_callback(
'/{{{\s*"\s*(.+)\s*"\s*}}}/', // >include file< - pattern
create_function(
'$matches', // callback parameter
sprintf(
'$fn = "%s/".$matches[1];'.
'return JWI::read($fn);',
realpath(dirname($filename))
)
),
$content
);
return $content;
}
}
===============================================================================
From PHP 5.3 you can use an anonymous function to pass local variables into the
callback.
]*)>/U',
"/(]*)>/U"
);
$callback = function( $matches ) use ( $otherVars ) {
$this->replace_callback($matches, $otherVars);
};
return preg_replace_callback($this->patterns, $callback, $subject);
}
public function replace_callback($matches, $otherVars) {
return $matches[1] . $otherVars['myVar'];
}
?>
===============================================================================
Actually, this only works from php 5.4, see the changelog on http://php.net/
manual/en/functions.anonymous.php
===============================================================================
The first example is bad, because it creates function for every line it
processes. When the file has many lines, you could easily run out of memory.
The code should be changed so, that create_function() is used outside of loop.
===============================================================================
Be aware that as of php5.4 you MUST NOT pass variables by reference, as in '[,
int &$count ]' - if you do it will result in a fatal error.
I think the writer is trying to say that the function accepts the parameter by
reference, but that is not how it reads. -Manual needs updating/clarifying ?
===============================================================================
When you use preg_replace_callback in a class and have the callback function as
a private method of that class, you need to set the callback function name like
className::CallBack.
self::CallBack does not work and returns an error:
"Cannot call method self::CallBack() or method does not exist"!
parsetext('ABCDEFGH');
// echoes abcDEFGH
echo $parser->parsefail('ABCDEFGH');
// throws the error
?>
===============================================================================
also note that when you are using this functionality in a class and you need
variables in that class, you can use a non static function as callback. array
($this, functionName) should be enough to call an function of the class.
Either use create_function if you require the code only once,
use a static class function if no need for accessing variables in that class.
or use the array metioned earlier in my post for having access to class
variables or other functions!
===============================================================================
The pcre.backtrack_limit option (added in PHP 5.2) can trigger a NULL return,
with no errors. The default pcre.backtrack_limit value is 100000. If you have a
match that exceeds about half this limit it triggers a NULL response.
e.g. My limit was at 100000 but 500500 triggered a NULL response. I'm not
running unicode but I *guess* PCRE runs in utf-16.
===============================================================================
Created this to fetch the link and name of an anchor tag. I use this when
cleaning an HTML email to text. Using regex for HTML is not recommended but for
this purpose I see no issue with it. This is not designed to work for nested
anchors.
A note to keep in mind:
I was primarily concerned with valid HTML so if attributes do no use ' or " to
contain the values then this will need to be tweaked.
If you can edit this to work better, please let me know.
PHP.net will not be replaced)
*/
function replaceAnchorsWithText($data) {
/**
* Had to modify $regex so it could post to the site... so I broke it into
6 parts.
*/
$regex = '/(\S+)\s*[\'"]+?'; // Grab the link
$regex .= '\s*(.*?)\s*>\s*'; // Any attributes or spaces that may or may
not exist before closing tag
$regex .= '(?P\S+)'; // Grab the name
$regex .= '\s*<\/a>)/i'; // Any number of spaces between the closing anchor
tag (case insensitive)
if (is_array($data)) {
// This is what will replace the link (modify to you liking)
$data = "{$data['name']}({$data['link']})";
}
return preg_replace_callback($regex, 'replaceAnchorsWithText', $data);
}
$input = 'Test 1: PHP.NET1.
';
$input .= 'Test 2:
PHP.NET2.
';
$input .= 'Test 3: php.net3
';
$input .= 'This last line had nothing to do with any of this';
echo replaceAnchorsWithText($input).'
';
?>
Will output:
Test 1: PHP.NET1(http: //php.net1).
Test 2: PHP.NET2(HTTP: //PHP.NET2).
Test 3: php.net3 (is still an anchor)
This last line had nothing to do with any of this
===============================================================================
The good version of the class PhpHex2Str
strings = (string) $strings;
return preg_replace_callback('#\%[a-zA-Z0-9]{2}#',
'PhpHex2Str::x_hex2str', $this->strings);
}
}
// Exemple
$obj = new PhpHex2Str;
$strings = $obj->decode($strings);
var_dump($strings);
?>
===============================================================================
Decode Hexa to Strings =)
strings = (string) $strings;
return preg_replace_callback('#\%[a-zA-Z0-9]{2}#', 'x_hex2str', $this->
strings);
}
}
// Example
$strings = 'a %20 b%0A h %27 h %23';
$obj = new PhpHex2Str;
$strings = $obj->decode($strings);
var_dump($strings);
?>
===============================================================================
A simple function to replace a list of complete words or terms in a string (for
PHP 5.3 or above because of the closure):
Example of usage:
{$v}";
});
?>
===============================================================================
This function does not support named subpatterns, so you can't do
[a-z])/', 'callback', 'word');
function callback($matches) {
var_dump($matches);
}
?>
and expect to get $matches['char'] in your function.
===============================================================================
To access a local variable within a callback, use currying (delayed argument
binding). For example
= $arity)
return call_user_func_array('$func', \$args);
\$args = var_export(\$args, 1);
return create_function('','
\$a = func_get_args();
\$z = ' . \$args . ';
\$a = array_merge(\$z,\$a);
return call_user_func_array(\'$func\', \$a);
');
");
}
function on_match($transformation, $matches)
{
return $transformation[strtolower($matches[1])];
}
$transform = array('a' => 'Well,', 'd'=>'whatever', 'b'=>' ');
$callback = curry(on_match, 2);
echo preg_replace_callback('/([a-z])/i', $callback($transform), 'Abcd');
echo "\n";
?>
outputs:
"Well, whatever"
The magic lies in this curry function I found here: http://www.sitepoint.com/
forums/showthread.php?threadid=336758
===============================================================================
To spend more than one parameter can do the following (note the "e" parameter
in preg_replace function)
$array = array(
1=>'ONE',
2=>'TWO',
3=>'Three'
);
function search(&$array, $str, $foo, $bar){
return ( empty($array[$str]) ? '['.$foo.'-'.$bar.']' : $array[$str] );
}
function keys(&$array, $str,$foo,$bar){
return preg_replace('/\[(.*?)\]/e',"search(\$array,$1,\$foo,\$bar)",$str);
}
$str = "One [1] Two [2] Three [3], Other parameter [22]";
echo keys($array, $str,'Foo','Bar');
?>
Nice
===============================================================================
For the callback I advise only to use a permanent or anonymous function.
Depending on the usage you may encounter memory issues when using
create_function for the callback possibly due to attempts at being compatible
with PHP 5.2 or prior. Some servers refuse to update their PHP for whatever
reason.
Please peruse the create_function documentation for more details regarding its
memory usage.
Regards.
===============================================================================
preg_replace_callback returns NULL when pcre.backtrack_limit is reached; this
sometimes occurs faster then you might expect. No error is raised either; so
don't forget to check for NULL yourself
===============================================================================
Text lines numeration:
1
2 Some
3 Multieline
4 text
5 for
6 numeration
===============================================================================
Note that, as of PHP 5.3, it seems that named subpatterns are now included in
the matches array by their named key as well as their numerical key.
To build off of Chris' previous example, as of PHP 5.3, you *can* do
[a-z])/', 'callback', 'word');
function callback($matches) {
var_dump($matches);
}
?>
and expect to get $matches['char'] in your function. * BUT ONLY AS OF PHP 5.3 *
Please be mindful of this if you intend to support PHP 5.2.
===============================================================================
I needed a simple code to tidy up a string. It simply had to upper-case letters
after dot. Simple code to do so:
Will output: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed
ullamcorper diam eu lorem varius nec porta elit iaculis.
Will output: Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Sed
ullamcorper diam eu lorem varius nec porta elit iaculis.
Nothing fancy, but useful :)
===============================================================================
I noticed that 'e' modifier use addslashed on result
function wyczysc_strongi($string) {
if(mb_strlen($string,'UTF-8')>60) {
return $string;
} else {
return ''.$string.'';
}
}
$tresc = "fajna dupa's";
$tresc = preg_replace("/(.*?)<\/strong>/ie",'wyczysc_strongi("$1")
',$tresc);
echo $tresc will give: fajna dupa\'s
?>
solution: $tresc = stripslashes($tresc);
after callback
===============================================================================
If you're looking to show only the first digit and last four digits of a credit
card number (4xxxxxxxxxxxx2331) use something like this:
preg_replace_callback('/((.)(.*))?(.{4})/', create_function('$x', 'return $x
[2].str_repeat("x", strlen($x[3])).$x[4];'), '$CCNUMBER')
===============================================================================
it is much better on preformance and better practice to use the
preg_replace_callback function instead of preg_replace with the e modifier.
function a($text){return($text);}
// 2.76 seconds to run 50000 times
preg_replace("/\{(.*?)\}/e","a('\\1','\\2','\\3',\$b)",$a);
// 0.97 seconds to run 50000 times
preg_replace_callback("/\{(.*?)\}/s","a",$a);
===============================================================================
Don't use this function to fetch BBCode, as explained. If you have some text
that runs over 5000 chars (average), it will run out of its limit and makes you
download the PHP page.
According to this, you should instead use something more advanced yet complex.
You will need a function called "str_replace_once()" (search for it), one
called "countWord()", the famous "after()", "before()", "between()".
str_replace_once does same as str_replace, but only replace first occurence. As
for countWord, I guess you know how to count the number of a word occurence. As
for after, before and between, this is a function that you may find easily
somewhere on the site by a user. Else, you can do it.
The following function is able to do all blocks, supposing [code] and [/code],
you might wish things between parents dont get parsed, including [code] if
inside of another [code].
$code returns the whole text semi-formated. You only need to use it as :
$code = prepareCode($code="Your text", $op="[tag]" , $end="[/tag]");
Then just replace the parent tags :
str_replace("[tag:0]", "", $code);
str_replace("[/tag:0]", "", $code);
So at the end something like :
[


This inspection detects lack of type hints for function declaration in one of the two formats: parameter annotations or a type comment


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Define a well-specified log function by recursion on the ad-hoc predicate log_domain defined as follows:
Fixpoint div2 (n:nat) : nat := match n with S (S p) => S (div2 p) | _ => 0 end. Inductive log_domain : nat->Prop := log_domain_1 : log_domain 1 | log_domain_2 : forall p:nat, log_domain (S (div2 p))-> log_domain (S (S p)).
The same lemmas are needed as for the exercise on a well-specified discrete log function by well-founded recursion (see this file). The following theorems will also play an important role.
Theorem log_domain_non_O : forall x:nat, log_domain x -> x <> 0. Proof. intros x H; case H; intros; discriminate. Qed. Theorem log_domain_inv : forall x p:nat, log_domain x -> x = S (S p)-> log_domain (S (div2 p)). Proof. intros x p H; case H; try (intros H'; discriminate H'). intros p' H1 H2; injection H2; intros H3; rewrite <- H3; assumption. Defined.


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Power Query Editor in Power BI Desktop allows you to shape (transform) your imported data. You can accomplish actions such as renaming columns or tables, changing text to numbers, removing rows, setting the first row as headers, and much more. It is important to shape your data to ensure that it meets your needs and is suitable for use in reports.
You have loaded raw sales data from two sources into a Power BI model. Some of the data came from a .csv file that was created manually in Microsoft Excel by the Sales team. The other data was loaded through a connection to your organization's Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) system. Now, when you look at the data in Power BI Desktop, you notice that it's in disarray; some data that you don't need and some data that you do need are in the wrong format.
You need to use Power Query Editor to clean up and shape this data before you can start building reports.
To start shaping your data, open Power Query Editor by selecting the Transform data option on the Home tab of Power BI Desktop.
In Power Query Editor, the data in your selected query displays in the middle of the screen and, on the left side, the Queries pane lists the available queries (tables).
When you work in Power Query Editor, all steps that you take to shape your data are recorded. Then, each time the query connects to the data source, it automatically applies your steps, so your data is always shaped the way that you specified. Power Query Editor only makes changes to a particular view of your data, so you can feel confident about changes that are being made to your original data source. You can see a list of your steps on the right side of the screen, in the Query Settings pane, along with the query's properties.
The Power Query Editor ribbon contains many buttons you can use to select, view, and shape your data.
To learn more about the available features and functions, see The query ribbon.
Note
In Power Query Editor, the right-click context menus and Transform tab in the ribbon provide many of the same options.
The first step in shaping your initial data is to identify the column headers and names within the data and then evaluate where they are located to ensure that they are in the right place.
In the following screenshot, the source data in the csv file for SalesTarget (sample not provided) had a target categorized by products and a subcategory split by months, both of which are organized into columns.
However, you notice that the data did not import as expected.
Consequently, the data is difficult to read. A problem has occurred with the data in its current state because column headers are in different rows (marked in red), and several columns have undescriptive names, such as Column1, Column2, and so on.
When you have identified where the column headers and names are located, you can make changes to reorganize the data.
When a table is created in Power BI Desktop, Power Query Editor assumes that all data belongs in table rows. However, a data source might have a first row that contains column names, which is what happened in the previous SalesTarget example. To correct this inaccuracy, you need to promote the first table row into column headers.
You can promote headers in two ways: by selecting the Use First Row as Headers option on the Home tab or by selecting the drop-down button next to Column1 and then selecting Use First Row as Headers.
The following image illustrates how the Use First Row as Headers feature impacts the data:
The next step in shaping your data is to examine the column headers. You might discover that one or more columns have the wrong headers, a header has a spelling error, or the header naming convention is not consistent or user-friendly.
Refer to the previous screenshot, which shows the impact of the Use First Row as Headers feature. Notice that the column that contains the subcategory Name data now has Month as its column header. This column header is incorrect, so it needs to be renamed.
You can rename column headers in two ways. One approach is to right-click the header, select Rename, edit the name, and then press Enter. Alternatively, you can double-click the column header and overwrite the name with the correct name.
You can also work around this issue by removing (skipping) the first two rows and then renaming the columns to the correct name.
When shaping your data, you might need to remove some of the top rows, for example, if they are blank or if they contain data that you do not need in your reports.
Continuing with the SalesTarget example, notice that the first row is blank (it has no data) and the second row has data that is no longer required.
To remove these excess rows, select Remove Rows > Remove Top Rows on the Home tab.
A key step in the data shaping process is to remove unnecessary columns. It is much better to remove columns as early as possible. One way to remove columns would be to limit the column when you get data from data source. For instance, if you are extracting data from a relational database by using SQL, you would want to limit the column that you extract by using a column list in the SELECT statement.
Removing columns at an early stage in the process rather than later is best, especially when you have established relationships between your tables. Removing unnecessary columns will help you to focus on the data that you need and help improve the overall performance of your Power BI Desktop datasets and reports.
Examine each column and ask yourself if you really need the data that it contains. If you don't plan on using that data in a report, the column adds no value to your data model. Therefore, the column should be removed. You can always add the column later, if your requirements change over time.
You can remove columns in two ways. The first method is to select the columns that you want to remove and then, on the Home tab, select Remove Columns.
Alternatively, you can select the columns that you want to keep and then, on the Home tab, select Remove Columns > Remove Other Columns.
Unpivoting is a useful feature of Power BI. You can use this feature with data from any data source, but you would most often use it when importing data from Excel. The following example shows a sample Excel document with sales data.
Though the data might initially make sense, it would be difficult to create a total of all sales combined from 2018 and 2019. Your goal would then be to use this data in Power BI with three columns: Month, Year, and SalesAmount.
When you import the data into Power Query, it will look like the following image.
Next, rename the first column to Month. This column was mislabeled because that header in Excel was labeling the 2018 and 2019 columns. Highlight the 2018 and 2019 columns, select the Transform tab in Power Query, and then select Unpivot.
You can rename the Attribute column to Year and the Value column to SalesAmount.
Unpivoting streamlines the process of creating DAX measures on the data later. By completing this process, you have now created a simpler way of slicing the data with the Year and Month columns.
If the data that you are shaping is flat (in other words, it has lot of detail but is not organized or grouped in any way), the lack of structure can complicate your ability to identify patterns in the data.
You can use the Pivot Column feature to convert your flat data into a table that contains an aggregate value for each unique value in a column. For example, you might want to use this feature to summarize data by using different math functions such as Count, Minimum, Maximum, Median, Average, or Sum.
In the SalesTarget example, you can pivot the columns to get the quantity of product subcategories in each product category.
On the Transform tab, select Transform > Pivot Columns.
On the Pivot Column window that displays, select a column from the Values Column list, such as Subcategory name. Expand the advanced options and select an option from the Aggregate Value Function list, such as Count (All), and then select OK.
The following image illustrates how the Pivot Column feature changes the way that the data is organized.
Power Query Editor records all steps that you take to shape your data, and the list of steps are shown in the Query Settings pane. If you have made all the required changes, select Close & Apply to close Power Query Editor and apply your changes to your data model. However, before you select Close & Apply, you can take further steps to clean up and transform your data in Power Query Editor. These additional steps are covered later in this module.


Steps To Schedule An Appointment
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STEP 2 : Fill The Form In Right .
STEP 3 : Our Dentist Will Send You Confirmation .
I Got it .


Frequency (2000) 2 1/2 stars out of 4. Starring Dennis Quaid, Jim Caviezel, Andre Braugher, Noah Emmerich and Elizabeth Mitchell. Written by Toby Emmerich. Directed by Gregory Hoblit.
"Frequency" is an implausible, but entertaining fantasy that taps into one of man's primal fantasies: the what-if scenario.
"Frequency" is a thriller in which a father and son, separated by time, work together to stop a serial killer.
Detective John Sullivan (Jim Caviezel) who, after breaking up with his girlfriend (or wife, we are never sure which she is) hooks up his dad's old ham radio gear and - with the help of `the mother of all sun spots' - he is conversing with his dad, Frank Sullivan (Dennis Quaid), a heroic firefighter killed 30 years earlier in the line of duty.
Am I giving anything away by spilling the beans here? Not really.
For as Frequency progresses, history changes as often as diapers on newborn quintuplets.
History is first altered when John warns his father about his impending death.
Frank, acting on John's advice, escapes the fatal Bruxton warehouse fire.
But then traces of John's mother disappear, and it appears she has become a victim of a serial killer who was never captured. Somehow Frank's survival has changed history.
Of course, no one in either era believes John or Frank as they go about mucking up the space-time continuum.
The problem with movies such as "Frequency" is that they ignore the larger context of how one small change, like a ripple in a stream, affects the entire timeline. To cover all that, of course, a movie would have to run four or five hours, while a novel would probably run close to 1,000 pages.
So, wisely, most filmmakers and authors ignore this potential snare.
Written by Toby Emmerich and directed by Gregory Hoblit, who directed "Primal Fear," "Frequency" has an innocent charm about it, despite its sometime gruesome subject matter.
Much of what happens is predictable. The suspense is not so much who-done-it, but how will everything be resolved.
Quaid gives a solid performance as the hot-shot firefighter who is devoted to his wife and young son. A die-hard Mets fan, he uses knowledge told him by Frank about the Amazin' Mets and their 1969 World Series heroics to convince others of his sanity.
Caviezel, who was featured in "The Thin Red Line," is almost childlike as he makes contact with his role model-hero. He is good looking and macho, yet vulnerable and a bit dazed by the events that begin to dominate his life.
Also in the cast is the fabulous Andre Braugher as Frank's best friend and John's police mentor; Noah Emmerich as Gordo, John's lifelong best friend; and Elizabeth Mitchell as John's loving mother.
"Frequency" is not prime filmmaking, but it does grip you despite some of its shortcomings. It's a middle-fare meal of a movie, one that will not overwhelm you, but will leave you satisfied.
Bob Bloom is the film critic at the Journal and Courier in Lafayette, IN. He can be reached by e-mail at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Bloom, an associate member of the Online Film Critics Society, has his reviews posted at http://www.imdb.com/M/reviews_by?Bob+Bloom
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