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Lecture 36
Qi Wang, Department of Statistics
Nov 15, 2018
| Place of Purchase | # of Students | % of Students |
|---|---|---|
| University/Follett’s Bookstore | 106 | 53% |
| Amazon.com or Half.com | 50 | 25% |
| Previous students | 22 | 11% |
| Purchase e-book | 22 | 11% |
Typically with bar graphs, the y-axis represents the frequency (# of observations) in the categories. Elements can give multiple answers or no answer.Pay attention to the axes.
Pie Chart is circular graph in which the relative size of the “slice” represents the percents or proportion of responses in that category. Percents must add to 100%. Each element/subject is allowed to give only one answer.
Stemplot or Stem-and-leaf plot is a technique that orders quantitative data points and provides insight about the shape of the distribution. To make a stem-and-leaf plot, the last digit of the number is the leaf and the rest of the number is the stem. Leaves are arrange in ascending order on the stem. Additionally, any stem that is not used, but is within the range of the data, is kept in the plot.
DATA SET is: $1, 3, 5, 7, 12, 15, 17, 19, 21, 21, 21, 30, 33, 39,$ and $56$. Create a stem-and-leaf plot of the data.
Histogram is used for large amount of data, displays a count (frequency distribution) or percent or relative frequency distribution (probabilities) QUANTITATIVE DATA ONLY!!!! It is constructed by placing the class intervals on the horizontal axis and the frequencies, relative frequencies, or percent frequencies on the vertical axis. When making a histogram, you need to pick an adequate number of classes (or, equivalently, an appropriate width of the interval for each class).
Suppose there are 7 people eating in a diner. We ask “what is their income/ salary? Then Bill Gates walks into the diner and we add in his salary.
which measure is more representative of the group after Bill Gates arrives?
Since the median is relatively unchanged by a few very large or very small measurements in the data set, we say that the median is resistant. The mean is non-resistant.
Dot Plot is a graphical device that summarizes data by the number of dots above each data value on the horizontal axis.
Line Graph is a graphical device that summarizes time series data.Time/date is usually on the horizontal axis and the value of the measured variable on the vertical axis. Look for upward or downward trends. Look for seasonal patterns
What type of graph would be appropriate in order to answer the following questions?


Originally from Greece, leaved, worked & enjoied Paris, Toulouse, Geneva & Athens so far. I have a huge passion for technology & a knowledge huger mentality. I love to dream and hunt my dreams until they come true. Constantly trying to challenge myself so as to reach and overcome my limits, that way I understand myself and the world better while evolving as a person overall. Learned to try before judge. Always open-minded and passionate about life and technology !
Recentely I moved back to Greece to work as DevOps & Cloud Engineer for Core Innovation. Role summary:
When I moved to Paris, I worked close with Real Fusio, an AKKA Group company. Their team provided me with
an idea for a P.O.C, which I designed & developed. This P.O.C is being industrialized based on a
microservice architecture.
The main product of the company is a 3D visualization platform specializing in the visualization of DMU's & 3D designs more info here .Role summary:
* Assisted in the automatization of procedures.
* Cloud Strategy, Architcture & Deployment (Azure Cloud)
* Security optimization
* Software architecture, development & Deployment (microservices, python, java, MySQL, Docker Swarm)
The project I was working on had the goal of automating the distribution, analysis & preparation process of the 3D source files.
Thus, my main engagement as Software Architect & Developer was to design & develop the system's components.
Also, as we step into a new era of technology as more and more corporations starting using collaboration tools such as Microsoft Teams,
the second main objective was a Microsoft Teams connector which was serving the above-mentioned automation wrapped on a UI.
Digital Hub is 100% subsidiary of AKKA Technologies. This department focuses on Innovation & Research. My main responsibilities on this department is the design of Software solutions & the high end implementation of back-end systems.
AKKA Technologies is ranked as one of the leaders on Engineering consulting industry at the moment. I was
placed in Paris, and I was working close with a Digital Transformation Manager, developing software &
P.O.C. solutions for potential clients. Role summary:
* Translate business requirements & ideas to technical specifications.
* Design and develop scalable Proof of Concepts.
* Customer demonstration
* Research on new Architectures
* Tutoring junior Engineers
For my internship, I worked as back-end software engineer on a nation-wide Greek television company. My task to reconstruct the back-end of their web-tv infrastructure.
Master's degree with specialization on :
Intelligent Systems & Data Distribution
Information Systems & Networking
Information Systems & Entrepreneurship
An end to end solution based on Micorservices architecture for google stock forecasting. An RNN model deployied through Nvidia Triton and data pipelines through Apache Kafka. Check it out there is documenation here!
An opensource project I am currentely developing on my spare time. A microservice ecosystem based on Java Spring/Cloud/Netflix and Python/Flask. This ecosystem is to be deploied in cloud a enviroment hosting Docker engine. Check it out there is documenation here!
Kafka is primarily used to build real-time streaming data pipelines and applications that adapt to the data streams. It combines messaging, storage, and stream processing to allow storage and analysis of both historical and real-time data. Strimzi provides a way to run an Apache Kafka cluster on Kubernetes in various deployment configurations. For development it’s easy to set up a cluster in Minikube in a few minutes. For production you can tailor the cluster to your needs, using features such as rack awareness to spread brokers across availability zones, and Kubernetes taints and tolerations to run Kafka on dedicated nodes.
A smart home system based on IoT technology, which provides services such as : enviroment monitoring, data visualization, device controll, automation and feature extraction. Check it out there is documenation here!
In a microservices architecture, a single business operation might trigger a chain of downstream microservice calls, which can be pretty challenging to debug. Things, however, can be easier when the logs of all microservices are centralized and each log event contains details that allow us to trace the interactions between the applications. This project demonstrates how to use Elastic Stack along with Docker to collect, process, store, index and visualize logs of Spring Boot microservices. Check it out there is documenation here!
A Dht sensor attached on a Raspberry-pi. An opc-server on node js and a node.js/html vizualization client. Check it out there is documenation here!
An open source code template/project that focuses on the implementation of an CNN from a jpg dataset. In short the CNN is trained on regognising 2 classes of objects on given images. Te classes are Dog & Cat. Please click here to find more. Check it out there is documenation here!
An open source code template/project that focuses on the implementation of an RNN from a google stock measurments as Dataset. In short the RNN model is trained with the details stock price of Google. This model aims to predict the stock price of google for January of the 2017. The picture displays the prediction versus the reality. Check it out there is documenation here!
An open source code template/project that focuses on the implementation of an ANN from a Bank Account Dataset. In short the ANN is trained with the details of 100 Bank's user accounts. The dataset represents details of user account that has either left the bank or they are still members of it. The generated ANN is focusing on predicting the possibility of a user leaving the bank. Check it out there is documenation here!
An opensource code template/project that focuses on the implementation of different fammilies of artificial inteligence search algorithms, such as uninformed, heuristic & meta heuristic. Please click to see more. Check it out there is documenation here!
An opensource project I created for my thesis. This is an API written in java/jersey with an implementation of datastax drivers provided from the Apache S.F. This API Reads information from a Casssandra cluster and transforms/stractures them so as to be visualized on the application layer of the IoT achitecture. Please click to find out more. Check it out there is documenation here!
This is a demonstration of Remote Method Invocation protocol with an Airplane Ticket Booking System as its use case. Check it out there is documenation here!
A jsp based webpage, using wikipidia api to search for countries & register on a MySQL Database. Countries are clasified with the K-Means algorithm based on the Wiki info. Check it out there is documenation here!
August 2022.
DOI: 10.3389/fmtec.2022.946452
Inovation project winers at Akkademy program provided by Akka Technologies.


Mushroom Classifier Application
By: Matteo Vidali
Below are the instructions to using this appliction
Make a get request to the prediction endpoint to get a fillout form.
The template of this form may varyover time, but for now it has three featurs.
More endpoints may be added in the future, with varying levels of accuracy.
You can parse the following list of options for how to fill out the form.
You will use the one letter code which best describes the feature of the
mushroom to be classified:
(The emboldened features are the current ones in the fillout form)
options:
cap-shape: ["bell=b, conical=c, convex=x,"
"flat=f, knobbed=k,sunken=s"]
cap-surface: [fibrous=f, grooves=g, scaly=y, smooth=s]
cap-color: ["brown=n, buff=b, cinnamon=c, gray=g, green=r,"
"pink=p, purple=u, red=e, white=w, yellow=y"]
bruises: ["yes=t, no=f"]
odor: ["almond=a, anise=l, creosote=c, fishy=y, foul-f,"
"musty=m, none=n, pungent=p, spicy=s"]
gill-size: ["broad=b, narrow=n"]
gill-attachment: ["attached=a, descending=d, free=f, notched=n"]
gill-spacing: ["close=c, crowded=w, distant=d"]
stalk-shape: ["enlarging=e, tapering=t"]
stalk-root: ["bulbous=b, club=c, cup=u, equal=e, rhizomorphs=z,"
"rooted=r, missing=?"]
stalk-surface-above-ring: ["fibrous=f, scaly=y, silky=k, smooth=s"]
stalk-surface-below-ring: ["fibrous=f, scaly=y, silky=k, smooth=s"]
stalk-color-above-ring: ["brown=n, buff=b, cinnamon=c, gray=g, green=r,"
"pink=p, purple=u, red=e, white=w, yellow=y"]
stalk-color-below-ring: ["brown=n, buff=b, cinnamon=c, gray=g, green=r,"
"pink=p, purple=u, red=e, white=w, yellow=y"]
veil-type: ["partial=p, universal=u"]
veil-color: ["brown=n, orange=o, white=w, yellow=y"]
ring-number: ["none=n, one=o, two=t"]
ring-type: ["cobwebby=c, evanescent=e, flaring=f, large=l, none=n,"
"pendant=p, sheathing=s, zone=z"]
spore-print-color: ["black=b, brown=n, buff=b, chocolate=h, green=r,"
"orange=o, purple=u, white=w, yellow=y"]
population: ["abundant=a, clustered=c, numerous=n, scattered=s, several=v, solitary=y"]
habitat: ["grasses=g, leaves=l, meadows=m, paths=p, urban=u, waste=w, woods=d"]


A parallel system consists of multiple processors that communicate with each other using shared memory. Parallel processes with multple processors communicate with each other using shared memory.
Distributed systems are computer systems that contain multiple processors connected by a communication network. Processors communicate with each other using messages sent over the network. These systems are increasingly available because of decrease in prices of the network.
Distributed has better scalability, greater modularity, lower cost. However, it is faster to update a shared memory location than to send a message to another processor. More efficient to get parallelism.
Fault Tolerance
Transparency
Flexibility
Scalability
When processes share data, it is important to synchronise their access to the data so that updates are not lost as a result of concurrent accesses and the data sets are not corrupted.
The key idea is that some operations have to be executed atomically i.e. has a critical section.
The problem of ensuring that a critical section is executed atomically is called the mutual exclusion problem.
Use of a open door variable.
Problem: The testing and setting of the open door variable is not done atomically.
Use of a boolean array.
Problem: Can deadlock.
Use of a turn variable
Problem: Setting turn not atomic, does not guarantee ME.
Lets assume that process 0 has just entered critical section. (T1) –> either wantCS[1] == false or turn == 0
Case 1: wantCS[1] is false
This means that P1 has to be currently at line 5 or before, and is not currently in CS. However, when P1 eventually reaches line 8, turn will be set to 0 and since wantCS[0] is true as P0 is in CS, P1 will stop at line 8.
Hence case 1 is invalidated.
Case 2: turn == 0
When P1 approaches the critical section, it sets turn to 0 after P0 sets turn 1 for turn == 0 at line 8 for P0. However, P1 will hence be kept waiting at line 8 since turn == 0 and wantCS will be true.
QED
Contradiction: Process eventually enters the critical section
#TODO: I’m thinking this explanation is not rigorous enough
Case 1: P0 is waiting, P1 is trying to enter
Implies wantCS[1] is true and turn == 1. Hence, P1 will not be kept waiting at line 8.
Case 2: P1 is waiting, P0 is trying to enter
Symmetric to case 1.
Contradiction: Neither of the processes can enter critical section.
If P0 is waiting, Implies wantCS[1] is true and turn == 1. Hence, P1 will not be kept waiting at line 8.
…
Consider a process that has the smaller process id
Proof by contradiction: both processes are currently in the CS
Since the larger process is assumed to be in CS, number[j] != 0. The larger process is also larger than the smaller process so it can’t be true.
Proof by contradiction: both are stuck outside CS
1) Can’t be stuck at the first while loop 2) Both can’t be stuck at the same second while loop
high level object oriented construct for synchronisation in concurrent programming.
It can be viewed as class with data variables and methods to manipulate the date. Because there exists multiple thread that can access the data, monitors have entry methods to guarantee at most one thread can be executing in any one time.
Synchronous
Total Ordering for broadcast messages:
For all messages z and y and all processes P and Q, if z is received at P before y, then y is not received before z at Q.
Applications:
Transaction will cause the state machine to transition from one state to another state.
Skeen’s Algorithm: Are the messages assigned in a running order
##


32-bit quad core data set Which programs are smaller? Which programs use less memory? Which programs are faster? Ada C Clojure C# Mono C++ Dart Erlang F# Mono Fortran Go Haskell Java Lisp OCaml Pascal Perl PHP Python Racket Ruby JRuby Rust Scala We want easy answers, but easy answers are often incomplete or wrong. You and I know, there's more we should understand: stories details fastest? conclusions


Monday, the Highland team left to go home to Waco. It is really different not having them around anymore. We were with these 18 people all day, every day for almost two weeks.
The team did a great job. Four of the days they were here, they visited local schools and gave assemblies. Their show included skits, a band and short talks. The students really responded to the Highland team.
The Highlanders also served at the Beautiful Gate orphanage I mentioned earlier. They really loved on the kids while we were there.
Also, as mentioned earlier, the team went YWAP to camp. There, great friendships were made between the Namibians and the Texans.
We miss the team being here, but now we have to get back to our daily routines here in Windhoek.
-PJ


{% include 'header.html' %} {% include 'mapheader.html' %}
The Virtuoso database contains public sequences!
[Demo] Display content sequences by:


| 009:095 Khan | : |
They will swear by Allah to you (Muslims) when you return to them, that you may turn away from them. So turn away from them.  So leave them alone.   Do disregard them. They are polluted, and their destiny is Hell, as a requital for the sins they have earned. |
| 009:095 Sarwar | : |
When you return they will appeal to you in the Name of God to leave them alone. So leave them alone.  So leave them alone. Surely, they are an abomination, and their abode is Hell - a fit recompense for that which they used to do. |
| 009:095 Yusufali | : |
They will swear to you by Allah, when ye return to them, that ye may leave them alone. So leave them alone: For they are an abomination, and Hell is their dwelling-place,-a fitting recompense for the (evil) that they did. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: الإيمان > الإيمان بالله > النفاق Faith> Belief In Allah> Hypocrisy الإيمان > اليوم الآخر > الجزاء بالعمل Faith> The Hereafter> The Award against Action الإيمان > اليوم الآخر > جزاء العمل السيء Faith> The Hereafter> The Punishment of the Bad Work الجهاد > الجهاد في سبيل الإسلام > أشرار الجند Jihad> The Call to Jihad>The Wicked Soldiers الجهاد > الجهاد في سبيل الإسلام > ذم المتخاذلين عن الجهاد Jihad> The Call to Jihad>Dispraise the Reluctant for the Holy War الجهاد > الغزوات > غزوة تبوك Jihad> The Holy Battles> Tabuk Battle
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


Rework and Management Hand-Wringing: A Post-Script¶
A great deal of this book involves rework. This is in spite of it often being difficult to justify design rework in an enterprise development environment. Some managers have an amazingly large blind-spot covering the amount of evidence required to justify rework. The conversations have the following form.
Architect. We need to disentangle Roulette and Craps so that Craps is not a subclass of Roulette. I’ve got a revised design that will take X hours of effort to implement.
Manager. I’ll need some justification. Why do we have to fix it?
Architect. The structure is illogical: Craps isn’t a special case of Roulette, they’re independent specializations of something more general.
Manager. (Pounds Table) Illogical! Illogical! That’s insane! Illogical isn’t a good enough justification. Our overall problem domain always contains illogical special cases and user-oriented considerations. You’ll have to provide something more concrete that a hand-waving nonsense about Illogical.
Architect. Okay, in addition to being illogical, it will become too complex: in the future, we’ll probably have trouble implementing other games.
Manager. How much trouble? Will it be more than X hours of effort? How can you be sure sure you’re X of effort now will have any payoff in the future? You’re gambling with the stakeholder’s money. I need proof.
Architect. When we include maintenance, adaptation and debugging, the potential future cost is probably larger than 2X hours of effort. And it’s illogical.
Manager. Probably larger? Probably? First you have illogic? Now you have probably? This is all guess-work. We can’t be guessing! (More Table Pounding.) We can’t justify rework based on probable costs. You’ll need something tangible. Will it save us any lines of code?
Architect. No, it will add lines of code. But it will reduce maintenance and adaptation costs because it will be more logical.
Manager. I conclude that the change is unjustified. You can’t use guesswork. Go away. Get back on schedule.
Architect. The initial schedule was guesswork.
In many cases, we have a manager who’s mind is only influenced by the tangible schedule. The schedule that was created prior to any deep knowledge of the software being built. Once focused on the schedule, a manager may be reluctant to deal in new facts that have been learned along the way.
However, in some cases, conversation continues in the following vein.
Architect. If guesswork isn’t good enough, please define what constitutes adequate justification for improvements?
Manager. Real savings. Real money. Measurable dollars and sense. I’m a plain old count-the-money kind of manager. Ideas like “illogical” don’t map to money. A measurable, definite quantity of labor effort is the only justification for disrupting the schedule.
Architect. And future effort doesn’t count?
Manager. The probability of savings in the future isn’t tangible. It’s not real. It’s made-up pie-in-the-sky pipe-dreams of some possible future state.
Architect. And software that’s more logical doesn’t count?
Manager. If course not; it doesn’t result in real schedule savings. Logic isn’t money. It’s pretty pictures on UML diagrams. It’s a slide-deck with bubbles and arrows. That’s not the schedule, that’s just information.
Architect. The schedule was only a notional projection of possible effort based on no actual hands-on knowledge. At this point, we have knowledge. A possible reduction in the possible effort has more factual basis than the original schedule.
Manager. Forget about the refactoring. I have an idea. Wouldn’t it be simpler to…?
For reasons we don’t fully understand, a schedule becomes a kind of established fact. Any change to the schedule requires other established facts, not the conjecture of design.
By some magical process, the schedule is transformed from a conjecture, based on a previously conjectured design. Managers can often cling to the schedule when it’s little more than conjecture. In effect, no level of proof can ever override the precedence-setting fact of the schedule. This makes it nearly impossible to justify making a design change. In the worst cases, the only way to accumulate enough evidence is to actually implement the change and then measure the impact of the change.
To continue this rant, the same kind of “inadequate evidence” issue seems to surround many technology changes. We have had conversations like the one shown above regarding object-oriented design, the use of objects in relational databases, the use of object-oriented databases, the use of open-source software, and the use of the star-schema data model for reporting and analysis. Here’s the summary
Change can only be considered based on established facts.
The facts can only be established by making a change.
While this chicken-and-egg problem is easily resolved by recognizing that the current architecture or schedule is actually not an established fact, this is a difficult mental step to take.
As a final complaint, we note that all “wouldn’t it be simpler…” gambits can be described as a management trump card. The point is rarely an effort to reduce code complexity, but to promote management understanding of the design. While this is a noble effort, there is sometimes a communication gap between designers and managers. It is incumbent both on designers to communicate fully, and on managers to provide time, budget and positive reinforcement for detailed communication of design considerations and consequences.
The “tl;dr” here is that rework leads to worry and it shouldn’t.
Rework reflects valuable lessons learned, and is perhaps the most important work than can be done.


This interface can be implemented to provide alternative ways of reporting test results (by default they are reported via the serial port with a fixed format).


Vint Cerf
The Father of the Internet
Born in New Haven, Coneticut as Vinton Gray Cerf on June 23rd, 1943,
Vint is a very well-dressed pioneer of the internet.
Coined by many as one of the "fathers of the internet",
Vint, along with Robert Kahn, created the TCP/IP Protocol which is still widely used today.
Vint started out with a Bachelor Degree of Science in Mathematics from
Stanford University when he went to work as a systems engineer at IBM.
After working for 2 years, Vint went to the University of California Los Angelos to
get his Masters, then Doctorate, degree in Computer Science. While at UCLA, Vint
worked with a group of people who together created the first two nodes of the Internet's
predecessor, the ARPAnet. After gaining his doctorate, Vint went back to Stanford University,
where he became an assistant professor to research network connections. While he was there,
he met Robert Kahn. Together, Vint and Robert designed the TCP/IP protocol for the
United States Department of Defense. At this point, Vint moved to the
Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency, another agency of the United States Government.
After a couple years, he moved to MCI Communications to serve as Vice President, and
oversee the development of the first e-mail system, MCI Mail.
In 1998, Vint assisted in the foundation of the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers,
which is a nonprofit organization that manages the root DNS servers among other services
related to internet namespaces. One year later, Vint joined ICANN as a member of the board.
In November 2000, he was elected as chairman of the ICANN board, where he remained for 7 years
before resigning in November 2007.
Since leaving MCI, Vint has worked at many places and held many positions including, but not limited to:
- Google as Vice President and Chief Internet Evangelist
- The Broadband Comission for Digital Development as Comissioner
- The Bulgarian IT Advisory Council
- The Interplanetary Internet project in conjunction with NASA
- The Scientists and Engineers of America
- Civillian Research and Development Foundation
- The International Multilateral Partnership Against Cyber Threats
- The American Registry for Internet Numbers
- StopBadware
Vincent has earned honarary degrees from the following universities and colleges:
- University of the Baleric Islands
- Swiss Federal Institute of Technology
- Capitol College
- Gettysburg College
- Yale University
- George Mason University
- Marymount University
- Bethany College of Kansas
- University of Pisa
- University of Rovira and Virgili
- Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
- Lulea University of Technology
- University of Twente
- Beijing University of Post and Telecommunications
- Tsinghua University
- Brooklyn Polytechnic
- University of Cartagena
- Zaragoza University
- University of Reading
- Roal Roads University
- Moscow State University of International Relations
- Buenos Aires Institute of Technology
- Polytechnic University of Madrid
- Keio University
- University of South Australia
- University of St Andrews
- University of Pittsburgh
- Gallaudet University
Vincent has also earned the following awards:
- Edward A. Dickson Alumnus of the Year Award from UCLA
- Prince of Asturias award for science and technology
- Fellow of the IEEE, 1988
- Fellow of the Association for Computing Machinery, 1994
- Yuri Rubinsky Memorial Award, 1996
- SIGCOMM Award
- Certificate of Merit from The Franklin Institute, 1996
- National Medal of Technology by President Bill Clinton, 1997
- HLiving Legend Medal from the Library of Congress, 2000
- Fellow of the Computer History Museum, 2000
- Fellow of the Association for Women in Science, 2000
- Award of Technology from the Telluride Tech Festival, 2002
- Turing Award, 2004
- Presidential Medal of Freedom, 2005
- National Inventors Hall of Fame, 2006
- St. Cyril and Methodius in the Coat of Arms Order, 2006
- Honorary Fellow of the Society for Technical Communication, 2006
- Japan Prize, 2008
- Worshipful Company of Information Technologists, 2008
- Freedom of the City of London, 2008
- Honorary Membership in the Yale Political Union
- HPI Fellowship, 2011
- Distinguished Fellow of British Computer Society, 2011
- Pioneer in the Internet Hall of Fame, 2012
- Queen Elizabeth Prize for Engineering, 2013
- Bernard Price Memorial Lecture, 2013
- Order of the Cross of Terra Mariana, 2014
- Officer of the French Légion d'honneur, 2014
- Foreign Member of the Royal Society, 2016


| 010:093 Khan | : |
And indeed We settled the Children of Israel in an honourable dwelling place (Sham and Misr), and provided them with good things, and they differed not until the knowledge came to them. Verily, Allah will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection in that in which they used to differ. |
| 010:093 Maulana | : |
And certainly We lodged the Children of Israel in a goodly abode and provided them with good things. Then they differed not till the knowledge came to them. Surely thy Lord will judge between them on the day of Resurrection concerning that in which they differed. |
| 010:093 Pickthal | : |
And We verily did allot unto the Children of Israel a fixed abode, and did provide them with good things; and they differed not until the knowledge came unto them. Lo! thy Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that wherein they used to differ. |
| 010:093 Rashad | : |
We have endowed the Children of Israel with a position of honor, and blessed them with good provisions. Yet, they disputed when this knowledge came to them. Your Lord will judge them on the Day of Resurrection regarding everything they disputed. |
| 010:093 Sarwar | : |
We settled the children of Israel in a blessed land and provided them with pure sustenance. They did not create differences among themselves until after the knowledge had come to them. God will judge their differences on the Day of Judgment. |
| 010:093 Shakir | : |
And certainly We lodged the children of Israel in a goodly abode and We provided them with good things; but they did not disagree until the knowledge had come to them; surely your Lord will judge between them on the resurrection day concerning that in which they disagreed. |
| 010:093 Sherali | : |
And when WE assigned to the Children of Israel and excellent abode and WE provided them with good things, and they differed not until there came to them the knowledge. Surely, thy Lord will judge between them on the Day of Resurrection concerning that which they now differ. |
| 010:093 Yusufali | : |
We settled the Children of Israel in a beautiful dwelling-place, and provided for them sustenance of the best: it was after knowledge had been granted to them, that they fell into schisms. Verily Allah will judge between them as to the schisms amongst them, on the Day of Judgment. |
Concepts/Themes Covered: الإنسان والعلاقات الاجتماعية > المجتمعات > اختلاف الناس Man and The Social Relations>The Societies>Different Kinds of People الديانات > بنو إسرائيل > نعم الله عليهم Religions>Children of Israel>Allah Gifts on them
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


nautilus-connect-server(1) nautilus-connect-server(1) NAME nautilus-connect-server - To Access a remote server SYNOPSIS nautilus-connect-server [options] [URI] DESCRIPTION This manual page documents briefly the nautilus-connect-server command. Nautilus Connect Server is the connection manager for the GNOME desktop. You can use the file manager to access a remote server, be it an FTP site, a Windows share, a WebDav server or an SSH server. OPTIONS Nautilus follows the usual GNU command line syntax, with long options starting with two dashes (`-'). A summary of options is included below. --help Show a summary of options. --version Show version. Other standard GNOME options not listed here are also supported. SEE ALSO Nautilus Connect Server documentation can be found from the "Help" menu, or by pressing the F1 key. Nautilus also has a website at http://www.gnome.org/projects/nautilus/ AUTHOR This manual page was written by Julian Andres Klode<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for the Debian GNU/Linux system (but may be used by others), based on a manpage by Fernando Ribeiro<EMAIL_ADDRESS>05 Jan 2008 nautilus-connect-server(1)


Name *
Email Address *
Phone *
Address *
Town / City *
State / County *
Postcode / ZIP *
Same as billing address
Order notes


Second Sonic the Hedgehog trailer shows fixed design
by Rob BeschizzaTeaser images of Sonic the Hedgehog offered an ominous glimpse, but the forthcoming movie's first trailer horrified viewers with is unnervingly human computer-graphics Sonic. So furious was the lashing that the filmmakers promised to go back to the drawing board. And here you are, watching the results, embedded above.
It's fine!
Still has an edge of that special Sonic-fandom unwholesomeness...
...but this is definitely what Gen X wanted out of 2020, and they're going to get it.


Methods summary
public
|
#
WebTestCase( string $label = false )
Creates an empty test case. Should be subclassed
with test methods for a functional test case.
Creates an empty test case. Should be subclassed with test methods for a
functional test case.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Name of test case. Will use the class name if none specified.
|
public
|
#
before( string $method )
Announces the start of the test.
Announces the start of the test.
Parameters
- $method
string $method Test method just started.
Overrides
|
public
|
#
after( string $method )
Announces the end of the test. Includes private clean up.
Announces the end of the test. Includes private clean up.
Parameters
- $method
string $method Test method just finished.
Overrides
|
public
SimpleBrowser
&
|
#
getBrowser( )
Gets a current browser reference for setting
special expectations or for detailed
examination of page fetches.
Gets a current browser reference for setting special expectations or for
detailed examination of page fetches.
Returns
|
public
|
#
setBrowser( SimpleBrowser & $browser )
Gets a current browser reference for setting
special expectations or for detailed
examination of page fetches.
Gets a current browser reference for setting special expectations or for
detailed examination of page fetches.
Parameters
|
public
|
#
unsetBrowser( )
Clears the current browser reference to help the
PHP garbage collector.
Clears the current browser reference to help the PHP garbage collector.
|
public
TestBrowser
&
|
#
createBrowser( )
Creates a new default web browser object.
Will be cleared at the end of the test method.
Creates a new default web browser object. Will be cleared at the end of the
test method.
Returns
TestBrowser New browser.
|
public
string
|
#
getTransportError( )
Gets the last response error.
Gets the last response error.
Returns
string Last low level HTTP error.
|
public
string
|
#
getUrl( )
Accessor for the currently selected URL.
Accessor for the currently selected URL.
Returns
string Current location or false if no page yet fetched.
|
public
|
#
showRequest( )
Dumps the current request for debugging.
Dumps the current request for debugging.
|
public
|
#
showSource( )
Dumps the current HTML source for debugging.
Dumps the current HTML source for debugging.
|
public
|
#
showText( )
Dumps the visible text only for debugging.
Dumps the visible text only for debugging.
|
public
|
#
restart( string/integer $date = false )
Simulates the closing and reopening of the browser.
Temporary cookies will be discarded and timed
cookies will be expired if later than the
specified time.
Simulates the closing and reopening of the browser. Temporary cookies will be
discarded and timed cookies will be expired if later than the specified
time.
Parameters
- $date
string/integer $date Time when session restarted. If ommitted then all persistent cookies are
kept. Time is either Cookie format string or timestamp.
|
public
|
#
ageCookies( integer $interval )
Moves cookie expiry times back into the past.
Useful for testing timeouts and expiries.
Moves cookie expiry times back into the past. Useful for testing timeouts and
expiries.
Parameters
- $interval
integer $interval Amount to age in seconds.
|
public
|
#
ignoreFrames( )
Disables frames support. Frames will not be fetched
and the frameset page will be used instead.
Disables frames support. Frames will not be fetched and the frameset page
will be used instead.
|
public
|
#
ignoreCookies( )
Switches off cookie sending and recieving.
Switches off cookie sending and recieving.
|
public
|
#
ignoreErrors( )
Skips errors for the next request only. You might
want to confirm that a page is unreachable for
example.
Skips errors for the next request only. You might want to confirm that a page
is unreachable for example.
|
public
string/boolean
|
#
_failOnError( string/boolean $result )
Issues a fail if there is a transport error anywhere
in the current frameset. Only one such error is
reported.
Issues a fail if there is a transport error anywhere in the current frameset.
Only one such error is reported.
Parameters
- $result
string/boolean $result HTML or failure.
Returns
string/boolean $result Passes through result.
|
public
|
#
setMaximumRedirects( integer $max )
Sets the maximum number of redirects before
the web page is loaded regardless.
Sets the maximum number of redirects before the web page is loaded
regardless.
Parameters
- $max
integer $max Maximum hops.
|
public
|
#
setConnectionTimeout( integer $timeout )
Sets the socket timeout for opening a connection and
receiving at least one byte of information.
Sets the socket timeout for opening a connection and receiving at least one
byte of information.
Parameters
- $timeout
integer $timeout Maximum time in seconds.
|
public
|
#
useProxy( string $proxy, string $username = false, string $password = false )
Sets proxy to use on all requests for when
testing from behind a firewall. Set URL
to false to disable.
Sets proxy to use on all requests for when testing from behind a firewall.
Set URL to false to disable.
Parameters
- $proxy
string $proxy Proxy URL.
- $username
string $username Proxy username for authentication.
- $password
string $password Proxy password for authentication.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
get( string $url, hash $parameters = false )
Fetches a page into the page buffer. If
there is no base for the URL then the
current base URL is used. After the fetch
the base URL reflects the new location.
Fetches a page into the page buffer. If there is no base for the URL then the
current base URL is used. After the fetch the base URL reflects the new
location.
Parameters
- $url
string $url URL to fetch.
- $parameters
hash $parameters Optional additional GET data.
Returns
boolean/string Raw page on success.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
post( string $url, hash $parameters = false )
Fetches a page by POST into the page buffer.
If there is no base for the URL then the
current base URL is used. After the fetch
the base URL reflects the new location.
Fetches a page by POST into the page buffer. If there is no base for the URL
then the current base URL is used. After the fetch the base URL reflects the new
location.
Parameters
- $url
string $url URL to fetch.
- $parameters
hash $parameters Optional additional GET data.
Returns
boolean/string Raw page on success.
|
public
boolean
|
#
head( string $url, hash $parameters = false )
Does a HTTP HEAD fetch, fetching only the page
headers. The current base URL is unchanged by this.
Does a HTTP HEAD fetch, fetching only the page headers. The current base URL
is unchanged by this.
Parameters
- $url
string $url URL to fetch.
- $parameters
hash $parameters Optional additional GET data.
Returns
boolean True on success.
|
public
boolean
|
#
retry( )
Equivalent to hitting the retry button on the
browser. Will attempt to repeat the page fetch.
Equivalent to hitting the retry button on the browser. Will attempt to repeat
the page fetch.
Returns
boolean True if fetch succeeded.
|
public
boolean
|
#
back( )
Equivalent to hitting the back button on the
browser.
Equivalent to hitting the back button on the browser.
Returns
boolean True if history entry and fetch succeeded.
|
public
boolean
|
#
forward( )
Equivalent to hitting the forward button on the
browser.
Equivalent to hitting the forward button on the browser.
Returns
boolean True if history entry and fetch succeeded.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
authenticate( string $username, string $password )
Retries a request after setting the authentication
for the current realm.
Retries a request after setting the authentication for the current realm.
Parameters
- $username
string $username Username for realm.
- $password
string $password Password for realm.
Returns
boolean/string HTML on successful fetch. Note that authentication may still have failed.
|
public
string
|
#
getCookie( string $name )
Gets the cookie value for the current browser context.
Gets the cookie value for the current browser context.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Name of cookie.
Returns
string Value of cookie or false if unset.
|
public
|
#
setCookie( string $name, string $value, string $host = false, string $path = '/', string $expiry = false )
Sets a cookie in the current browser.
Sets a cookie in the current browser.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Name of cookie.
- $value
string $value Cookie value.
- $host
string $host Host upon which the cookie is valid.
- $path
string $path Cookie path if not host wide.
- $expiry
string $expiry Expiry date.
|
public
integer/string/boolean
|
#
getFrameFocus( )
Accessor for current frame focus. Will be
false if no frame has focus.
Accessor for current frame focus. Will be false if no frame has focus.
Returns
integer/string/boolean Label if any, otherwise the position in the frameset or false if none.
|
public
boolean
|
#
setFrameFocusByIndex( integer $choice )
Sets the focus by index. The integer index starts from 1.
Sets the focus by index. The integer index starts from 1.
Parameters
- $choice
integer $choice Chosen frame.
Returns
boolean True if frame exists.
|
public
boolean
|
#
setFrameFocus( string $name )
Sets the focus by name.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Chosen frame.
Returns
boolean True if frame exists.
|
public
|
#
clearFrameFocus( )
Clears the frame focus. All frames will be searched
for content.
Clears the frame focus. All frames will be searched for content.
|
public
string/boolean
|
#
click( string $label )
Clicks a visible text item. Will first try buttons,
then links and then images.
Clicks a visible text item. Will first try buttons, then links and then
images.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Visible text or alt text.
Returns
string/boolean Raw page or false.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertClickable( string $label, mixed $message = '%s' )
Checks for a click target.
Checks for a click target.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Visible text or alt text.
- $message
Returns
boolean True if click target.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
clickSubmit( string $label = 'Submit', hash $additional = false )
Clicks the submit button by label. The owning
form will be submitted by this.
Clicks the submit button by label. The owning form will be submitted by
this.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Button label. An unlabeled button can be triggered by 'Submit'.
- $additional
hash $additional Additional form values.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success, else false.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
clickSubmitByName( string $name, hash $additional = false )
Clicks the submit button by name attribute. The owning
form will be submitted by this.
Clicks the submit button by name attribute. The owning form will be submitted
by this.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Name attribute of button.
- $additional
hash $additional Additional form values.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
clickSubmitById( string $id, hash $additional = false )
Clicks the submit button by ID attribute. The owning
form will be submitted by this.
Clicks the submit button by ID attribute. The owning form will be submitted
by this.
Parameters
- $id
string $id ID attribute of button.
- $additional
hash $additional Additional form values.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertSubmit( string $label, mixed $message = '%s' )
Checks for a valid button label.
Checks for a valid button label.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Visible text.
- $message
Returns
boolean True if click target.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
clickImage( string $label, integer $x = 1, integer $y = 1, hash $additional = false )
Clicks the submit image by some kind of label. Usually
the alt tag or the nearest equivalent. The owning
form will be submitted by this. Clicking outside of
the boundary of the coordinates will result in
a failure.
Clicks the submit image by some kind of label. Usually the alt tag or the
nearest equivalent. The owning form will be submitted by this. Clicking outside
of the boundary of the coordinates will result in a failure.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Alt attribute of button.
- $x
integer $x X-coordinate of imaginary click.
- $y
integer $y Y-coordinate of imaginary click.
- $additional
hash $additional Additional form values.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
clickImageByName( string $name, integer $x = 1, integer $y = 1, hash $additional = false )
Clicks the submit image by the name. Usually
the alt tag or the nearest equivalent. The owning
form will be submitted by this. Clicking outside of
the boundary of the coordinates will result in
a failure.
Clicks the submit image by the name. Usually the alt tag or the nearest
equivalent. The owning form will be submitted by this. Clicking outside of the
boundary of the coordinates will result in a failure.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Name attribute of button.
- $x
integer $x X-coordinate of imaginary click.
- $y
integer $y Y-coordinate of imaginary click.
- $additional
hash $additional Additional form values.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
clickImageById( integer/string $id, integer $x = 1, integer $y = 1, hash $additional = false )
Clicks the submit image by ID attribute. The owning
form will be submitted by this. Clicking outside of
the boundary of the coordinates will result in
a failure.
Clicks the submit image by ID attribute. The owning form will be submitted by
this. Clicking outside of the boundary of the coordinates will result in a
failure.
Parameters
- $id
integer/string $id ID attribute of button.
- $x
integer $x X-coordinate of imaginary click.
- $y
integer $y Y-coordinate of imaginary click.
- $additional
hash $additional Additional form values.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertImage( string $label, mixed $message = '%s' )
Checks for a valid image with atht alt text or title.
Checks for a valid image with atht alt text or title.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Visible text.
- $message
Returns
boolean True if click target.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
submitFormById( string $id )
Submits a form by the ID.
Submits a form by the ID.
Parameters
- $id
string $id Form ID. No button information is submitted this way.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
clickLink( string $label, integer $index = 0 )
Follows a link by name. Will click the first link
found with this link text by default, or a later
one if an index is given. Match is case insensitive
with normalised space.
Follows a link by name. Will click the first link found with this link text
by default, or a later one if an index is given. Match is case insensitive with
normalised space.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Text between the anchor tags.
- $index
integer $index Link position counting from zero.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success.
|
public
boolean/string
|
#
clickLinkById( string $id )
Follows a link by id attribute.
Follows a link by id attribute.
Parameters
- $id
string $id ID attribute value.
Returns
boolean/string Page on success.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertLink( string $label, mixed $expected = true, string $message = '%s' )
Tests for the presence of a link label. Match is
case insensitive with normalised space.
Tests for the presence of a link label. Match is case insensitive with
normalised space.
Parameters
- $label
string $label Text between the anchor tags.
- $expected
mixed $expected Expected URL or expectation object.
- $message
string $message Message to display. Default can be embedded with %s.
Returns
boolean True if link present.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertNoLink( string/integer $label, string $message = '%s' )
Tests for the non-presence of a link label. Match is
case insensitive with normalised space.
Tests for the non-presence of a link label. Match is case insensitive with
normalised space.
Parameters
- $label
string/integer $label Text between the anchor tags or ID attribute.
- $message
string $message Message to display. Default can be embedded with %s.
Returns
boolean True if link missing.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertLinkById( string $id, mixed $expected = true, string $message = '%s' )
Tests for the presence of a link id attribute.
Tests for the presence of a link id attribute.
Parameters
- $id
string $id Id attribute value.
- $expected
mixed $expected Expected URL or expectation object.
- $message
string $message Message to display. Default can be embedded with %s.
Returns
boolean True if link present.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertNoLinkById( string $id, string $message = '%s' )
Tests for the non-presence of a link label. Match is
case insensitive with normalised space.
Tests for the non-presence of a link label. Match is case insensitive with
normalised space.
Parameters
- $id
string $id Id attribute value.
- $message
string $message Message to display. Default can be embedded with %s.
Returns
boolean True if link missing.
|
public
boolean
|
#
setField( string $label, string $value, mixed $position = false )
Sets all form fields with that label, or name if there
is no label attached.
Sets all form fields with that label, or name if there is no label
attached.
Parameters
- $label
string $name Name of field in forms.
- $value
string $value New value of field.
- $position
Returns
boolean True if field exists, otherwise false.
|
public
boolean
|
#
setFieldByName( string $name, string $value, mixed $position = false )
Sets all form fields with that name.
Sets all form fields with that name.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Name of field in forms.
- $value
string $value New value of field.
- $position
Returns
boolean True if field exists, otherwise false.
|
public
boolean
|
#
setFieldById( string/integer $id, string $value )
Sets all form fields with that id.
Sets all form fields with that id.
Parameters
- $id
string/integer $id Id of field in forms.
- $value
string $value New value of field.
Returns
boolean True if field exists, otherwise false.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertField( string $label, mixed $expected = true, string $message = '%s' )
Confirms that the form element is currently set
to the expected value. A missing form will always
fail. If no value is given then only the existence
of the field is checked.
Confirms that the form element is currently set to the expected value. A
missing form will always fail. If no value is given then only the existence of
the field is checked.
Parameters
- $label
string $name Name of field in forms.
- $expected
mixed $expected Expected string/array value or false for unset fields.
- $message
string $message Message to display. Default can be embedded with %s.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertFieldByName( string $name, mixed $expected = true, string $message = '%s' )
Confirms that the form element is currently set
to the expected value. A missing form element will always
fail. If no value is given then only the existence
of the field is checked.
Confirms that the form element is currently set to the expected value. A
missing form element will always fail. If no value is given then only the
existence of the field is checked.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Name of field in forms.
- $expected
mixed $expected Expected string/array value or false for unset fields.
- $message
string $message Message to display. Default can be embedded with %s.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertFieldById( string/integer $id, mixed $expected = true, string $message = '%s' )
Confirms that the form element is currently set
to the expected value. A missing form will always
fail. If no ID is given then only the existence
of the field is checked.
Confirms that the form element is currently set to the expected value. A
missing form will always fail. If no ID is given then only the existence of the
field is checked.
Parameters
- $id
string/integer $id Name of field in forms.
- $expected
mixed $expected Expected string/array value or false for unset fields.
- $message
string $message Message to display. Default can be embedded with %s.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
_assertFieldValue( string $identifier, mixed $value, mixed $expected, string $message )
Tests the field value against the expectation.
Tests the field value against the expectation.
Parameters
- $identifier
string $identifier Name, ID or label.
- $value
mixed $value Current field value.
- $expected
mixed $expected Expected value to match.
- $message
string $message Failure message.
Returns
boolean True if pass
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertResponse( array $responses, string $message = '%s' )
Checks the response code against a list
of possible values.
Checks the response code against a list of possible values.
Parameters
- $responses
array $responses Possible responses for a pass.
- $message
string $message Message to display. Default can be embedded with %s.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertMime( array $types, string $message = '%s' )
Checks the mime type against a list
of possible values.
Checks the mime type against a list of possible values.
Parameters
- $types
array $types Possible mime types for a pass.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertAuthentication( string $authentication = false, string $message = '%s' )
Attempt to match the authentication type within
the security realm we are currently matching.
Attempt to match the authentication type within the security realm we are
currently matching.
Parameters
- $authentication
string $authentication Usually basic.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertNoAuthentication( string $message = '%s' )
Checks that no authentication is necessary to view
the desired page.
Checks that no authentication is necessary to view the desired page.
Parameters
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertRealm( string $realm, string $message = '%s' )
Attempts to match the current security realm.
Attempts to match the current security realm.
Parameters
- $realm
string $realm Name of security realm.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertTitle( string/SimpleExpectation $title = false, string $message = '%s' )
Tests the text between the title tags.
Tests the text between the title tags.
Parameters
- $title
string/SimpleExpectation $title Expected title.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertText( string $text, string $message = '%s' )
Will trigger a pass if the text is found in the plain
text form of the page.
Will trigger a pass if the text is found in the plain text form of the
page.
Parameters
- $text
string $text Text to look for.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertNoText( string $text, string $message = '%s' )
Will trigger a pass if the text is not found in the plain
text form of the page.
Will trigger a pass if the text is not found in the plain text form of the
page.
Parameters
- $text
string $text Text to look for.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertPattern( string $pattern, string $message = '%s' )
Will trigger a pass if the Perl regex pattern
is found in the raw content.
Will trigger a pass if the Perl regex pattern is found in the raw
content.
Parameters
- $pattern
string $pattern Perl regex to look for including the regex delimiters.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertNoPattern( string $pattern, string $message = '%s' )
Will trigger a pass if the perl regex pattern
is not present in raw content.
Will trigger a pass if the perl regex pattern is not present in raw
content.
Parameters
- $pattern
string $pattern Perl regex to look for including the regex delimiters.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertCookie( string $name, string $expected = false, string $message = '%s' )
Checks that a cookie is set for the current page
and optionally checks the value.
Checks that a cookie is set for the current page and optionally checks the
value.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Name of cookie to test.
- $expected
string $expected Expected value as a string or false if any value will do.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertNoCookie( string $name, string $message = '%s' )
Checks that no cookie is present or that it has
been successfully cleared.
Checks that no cookie is present or that it has been successfully
cleared.
Parameters
- $name
string $name Name of cookie to test.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True if pass.
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertTrue( boolean $result, string $message = false )
Called from within the test methods to register
passes and failures.
Called from within the test methods to register passes and failures.
Parameters
- $result
boolean $result Pass on true.
- $message
string $message Message to display describing the test state.
Returns
boolean True on pass
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertFalse( boolean $result, string $message = '%s' )
Will be true on false and vice versa. False
is the PHP definition of false, so that null,
empty strings, zero and an empty array all count
as false.
Will be true on false and vice versa. False is the PHP definition of false,
so that null, empty strings, zero and an empty array all count as false.
Parameters
- $result
boolean $result Pass on false.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True on pass
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertEqual( mixed $first, mixed $second, string $message = '%s' )
Will trigger a pass if the two parameters have
the same value only. Otherwise a fail. This
is for testing hand extracted text, etc.
Will trigger a pass if the two parameters have the same value only. Otherwise
a fail. This is for testing hand extracted text, etc.
Parameters
- $first
mixed $first Value to compare.
- $second
mixed $second Value to compare.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True on pass
|
public
boolean
|
#
assertNotEqual( mixed $first, mixed $second, string $message = '%s' )
Will trigger a pass if the two parameters have
a different value. Otherwise a fail. This
is for testing hand extracted text, etc.
Will trigger a pass if the two parameters have a different value. Otherwise a
fail. This is for testing hand extracted text, etc.
Parameters
- $first
mixed $first Value to compare.
- $second
mixed $second Value to compare.
- $message
string $message Message to display.
Returns
boolean True on pass
|
public
string
|
#
getAssertionLine( )
Uses a stack trace to find the line of an assertion.
Uses a stack trace to find the line of an assertion.
Returns
string Line number of first assert* method embedded in format string.
Overrides
|


This map shows how far and where the wastewater from a specific address goes before getting to the ALCOSAN treatement facility.
On the map, you'll see a representation of the complete sewer infrastructure network in the ALCOSAN service area. This represents a composite of data from 82 municipalities, with the color of the pipe indicating broadly who owns the pipes.
Notably, this map shows the extents of the infrastructure that may be regionalized by ALCOSAN. This process, called Regionalization entails the transferring of ownership of trunk sewers, wet weather control facilities, and related infrastructure from customer municipalities to ALCOSAN. Note that regionalization extents shown here are preliminary and subject to change. Learn more about regionalization from 3 Rivers Wet Weather.
In addition to showing where your toilet flushes to, this map demonstrates the power of using open data standards and open source technology designed for the modern web.
Using an address, we're able to find the nearest sewer infrastructure—usually a manhole—and follow the network all the way downstream to the ALCOSAN treatment facility.
When you type an address, we use a geocoder to figure out the latitude and longitude of the address: the addresses's location in real-world coordinates. From that location, we determine where the nearest sewer structure (e.g., manhole) is, and then trace the pipes downstream to the ALCOSAN treatment facility.
This map utilizes an existing database of sewer pipe infrastruture in the region. That database is maintained by 3 Rivers Wet Weather, with support from ALCOSAN, AECOM, a few other consultants, and the 82 communities within ALCOSAN's service area.
Generally, this will give you a good sense of where and how far your toilet flushes go. However, there are some limitations, and it should not be used for planning or official use!
Please note that the accuracy of the trace is limited by a combination of two factors: the varying spatial accuracy of the geocoder, and the lack of consistently documented service line locations (the connections from a building to the sewer). Consequently, you may find that the trace doesn't start quite where you think or know it should. To keep things simple (and fast) for this demonstration, we only look for the nearest sewer structure to the geocoded location.
Since the geocoded location is likely not the point at which the sewer service line attaches the building at the address, and because we don't have control over where specifically that address gets put on the map (we're using a geocoding service from Mapzen), the starting point for the trace is an approximation. Furthermore, the nearest structure to the geocoded address is not likely where the service line actually ties into the sewers—it likely connected directly to a pipe.
You can check out the source code for this project on GitHub.
The sewer database is managed in a geographic information systems (GIS): a PostGIS-enabled PostgreSQL database, from which the data is provided as a geo-aware web service via Esri ArcGIS Server software. The tracing functionality comes from a geoprocessing service that runs on that software and taps the database. The client-side web application makes calls to to both the database and the geoprocessing service via the ArcGIS REST API to do it's thing.
On the front-end (the map), we're using a the Leaflet web mapping library, with an Open Street Map-sourced basemap service from Mapbox that we custom designed. Together, these things handles the display of all the contextual information, sewer data, and trace results you see on the map.
The rest of the application utilizes some other typical web and server libraries: Python Flask on the back-end, and Bootstrap and jQuery on the front-end.
All the GIS technology utilized by the map is already in place and is used on a daily basis; we merely interfaced with it in a different way to make this little mapping application. With the exception of Esri ArcGIS Server, all of the software used by the application is free and open source.
In addition to showing where your toilet flushes go, this map demonstrates the power of using open data standards and open-source technology designed for the modern web.
What does this mean? Regionalization entails the transfer of ownership of trunk sewers, wet weather control facilities, and related infrastructure from customer municipalities to ALCOSAN. Learn more about regionalization from 3 Rivers Wet Weather.
You can check out the source code for this project on GitHub


The perfect personal assitan. Relaxer does your job for you so you can enjoy life as it is meant to be.
"Relaxr changed my ife. I've been able to travel the world, spend limited time working and my boss keeps thanking me for curshing work."
-Amanda, Intuit


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% load strip_qs pipeline staticfiles %} {% block title %}{{ email.from_name }} wrote an open letter to Hon. Member {{ email.to_entity.name }} in Parliament{% endblock %} {% block og_title %}{{ email.from_name }} wrote an open letter to Hon. Member {{ email.to_entity.name }} in Parliament{% endblock %} {% block tweet %}{{ email.from_name }} wrote an open letter to Hon. Member {{ email.to_entity.name }} in Parliament{% endblock %} {% block head-css %} {{ block.super }} {% stylesheet "css-natrepresentation" %} {% endblock head-css %} {% block content %}
| To | {{ email.to_entity.name }} |
| From | {{ email.from_name }} |
| Subject | {{ email.subject }} |


|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
public interface ServicePoint
Sub-interface of ExtensionPoint
that defines a service
extension point. A service may have a single factory contribution, and any number of interceptor
contributions.
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
void |
forceServiceInstantiation()
Forces the service to be fully instantiated immediately, rather than lazily. |
java.lang.Class |
getDeclaredInterface()
Returns the interface for the service as specified in the descriptor; starting with release 1.1 it is possible to define a service in terms of a class (as the interface) and a synthetic interface is generated where appropriate. |
Occurances |
getParametersCount()
Returns the number of parameter object expected; generally this is the default of exactly one ( Occurances.REQUIRED ). |
Schema |
getParametersSchema()
Returns the Schema used to process any parameters passed to the service. |
java.lang.Object |
getService(java.lang.Class interfaceClass)
Obtains the full service implementation for this service extension point, an object that implements the service interface. |
java.lang.Class |
getServiceInterface()
Returns the type of the service, the interface the service implements. |
java.lang.String |
getServiceInterfaceClassName()
Returns the fully qualified class name of the service interface. |
| Methods inherited from interface org.apache.hivemind.internal.ExtensionPoint |
|---|
getErrorLog, getExtensionPointId, getLog, getModule, visibleToModule |
| Methods inherited from interface org.apache.hivemind.Locatable |
|---|
getLocation |
| Method Detail |
|---|
java.lang.Class getServiceInterface()
java.lang.Class getDeclaredInterface()
java.lang.String getServiceInterfaceClassName()
java.lang.Object getService(java.lang.Class interfaceClass)
interfaceClass
- the class that the service will be cast to; a check is made that the service is
assignable to the indicated interface. It does not have to, necessarily, match the
service interface (it could be a super-interface, for example).
org.apache.tapestry.ApplicationRuntimeException
- if there is any problem creating the service.Schema getParametersSchema()
Schema
used to process any parameters passed to the service. Service
implementation factories and service interceptor factories allow parameters.
Occurances getParametersCount()
Occurances.REQUIRED
).
void forceServiceInstantiation()
|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


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When the Statue of Liberty vanished, we were entertained
We didn't know how it was done, we just sat in awe


X = Matrices.continuousLyapunov(A, C); X = Matrices.continuousLyapunov(A, C, ATisSchur, eps);
This function computes the solution X of the continuous-time Lyapunov equation
X*A + A'*X = C
using the Schur method for Lyapunov equations proposed by Bartels and Stewart [1].
In a nutshell, the problem is reduced to the corresponding problem
Y*R' + R*Y = D
with
R=U'*A'*U
is the real Schur form of A' and
D=U'*C*U
and
Y=U'*X*U
are the corresponding transformations of C and
X. This problem is solved sequentially for the 1x1
or 2x2 Schur blocks by exploiting the block triangular form of
R. Finally the solution of the original problem is
recovered as
X=U*Y*U'.
The Boolean input "ATisSchur" indicates to omit the transformation
to Schur in the case that A' has already Schur
form.
[1] Bartels, R.H. and Stewart G.W. Algorithm 432: Solution of the matrix equation AX + XB = C. Comm. ACM., Vol. 15, pp. 820-826, 1972.
A = [1, 2, 3, 4; 3, 4, 5, -2; -1, 2, -3, -5; 0, 2, 0, 6]; C = [-2, 3, 1, 0; -6, 8, 0, 1; 2, 3, 4, 5; 0, -2, 0, 0]; X = continuousLyapunov(A, C); results in: X = [1.633, -0.761, 0.575, -0.656; -1.158, 1.216, 0.047, 0.343; -1.066, -0.052, -0.916, 1.61; -2.473, 0.717, -0.986, 1.48]
Matrices.continuousSylvester, Matrices.discreteLyapunov
function continuousLyapunov extends Modelica.Icons.Function; import Modelica.Math.Matrices; input Real A[:, size(A, 1)] "Square matrix A in X*A + A'*X = C"; input Real C[size(A, 1), size(A, 2)] "Square matrix C in X*A + A'*X = C"; input Boolean ATisSchur = false "True if transpose(A) has already real Schur form"; input Real eps = Modelica.Math.Matrices.norm(A, 1) * 10 * 1e-15 "Tolerance eps"; output Real X[size(A, 1), size(A, 2)] "Solution X of the Lyapunov equation X*A + A'*X = C"; end continuousLyapunov;


{% trans 'Getting started' %}
{% trans 'Likees needs some information about your movie tastes to offer you the best movie recommendations. Vote our tours and you will find more and better soulmates.' %}
-
{% for tour in tours %}
- {% endfor %}
{% extends "main-layout.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% block title %}{% trans "appname" %} - {% trans 'Tutorial'%}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
{% trans 'Likees needs some information about your movie tastes to offer you the best movie recommendations. Vote our tours and you will find more and better soulmates.' %}


Cascade available in Premium
am
Andrew Max
Personal Info
Phone
610-620-3708
Website
Summary
Product focused full stack developer who thrives on collaborative design and deep problem solving. I enjoy environments where I get to wear many hats.
Experience
Aug 2015
present
Full Time Consulting
Personal work and agency work
- Led development of a project with neuroscience labs at Stanford and NYU to formalize a schema for inter-lab data and allow data sharing between labs
- Developed an AngularJS dashboard and serverless AWS Lambda backend for displaying digital security vulnerabilities to enterprise clients
- Developed an app leveraging AI and biometric data to make clinical recommendations to nurses using Django and Ember.js
- Led development of Ruby on Rails REST API and two distinct Angular.js client applications for ordering drinks in bars. I architected the application's data model and API structure
- Full stack development on a very large Rails / Ember.js application for peer reviewing scientific research
- Major refactor, retroactive testing, and feature development for a large legacy Ruby on Rails laboratory info management system with over 1000 routes and 200 models
- 6 other completed projects with over 6500 hours billed total
Feb 2018
Mar 2019
Full Stack Development Instructor
Firehose Project
- Reviewed course work, code reviewed homework, and teaching the basics of the web, Ruby, Ruby on Rails, and JavaScript to new programmers
Jun 2015
Feb 2016
Lead Front End Developer
Identified Technologies
- Architected, designed, built, and tested a single page Ember.js app for displaying orthomosaic map tiles and KML overlays for construction volumetrics on top of Google Maps from first commit through launch
- The mapping software product I led production of was so successful with early users that the business pivoted away from its hardware drone service to focus on that software product as their core product
Jan 2015
Jun 2015
Software Developer I
UPMC
- Developed the Angular.js front end of a biometrics dashboard and data visualization tool for cardiologists
Apr 2013
Dec 2014
Developer Apprentice
Forever.com
- Full stack development on a single page photo sharing and cloud photo management application


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Projects
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Using the Trezor web wallet with Tor Browser on Tails 4.11 Live


320 years since the ‘Big One’ doesn’t mean it’s overdue: B.C. professor
by Nina Grossman‘It could happen today, tomorrow or 100 years from now’
Next month marks 320 years since the Cascadia Megathrust earthquake rocked the B.C. coast, shooting a tsunami wave at the speed of a jumbo jet across the Pacific Ocean to Japan.
The impact was recorded overseas and left a historically viable marker of what was likely one of the most catastrophic natural events in region’s history.
READ ALSO: POLL: When do you think the next major earthquake will hit Vancouver Island?
READ ALSO: B.C. has history of big earthquakes
While the threat of the ‘Big One’ is a quiet source of concern for many – a looming, abstract dread behind calls for seismic infrastructure upgrades, earthquake safety awareness and regular ‘ShakeOuts’ in schools and offices across the region – the next megathrust is not necessarily overdue.
“We can’t predict earthquakes and we are a million miles away from being able to,” says Edwin Nissen, University of Victoria professor and Canada Research Chair in geophysics. Nissen has expertise in global geohazards including the subduction zones of the Cascadia plate boundary – the convergent boundary stretching from northern Vancouver Island to northern California.
“It’s wrong to say the next earthquake is overdue,” he says – pointing to the unpredictable pattern of plate shifts over history. “But it is correct to say it might happen tomorrow. It might happen today or tomorrow or in 100 years.”
READ ALSO: Be Prepared: Hospitals prep for mass casualties
The factors behind the next big quake are complicated, but boil down to the Cascadia subduction zone, where the oceanic plate is pushed below the continental lithosphere. Typically, the plates are stuck in that position, but when the oceanic plate slides deeper beneath the continental plate, an earthquake – and tsunami– is generated.
The estimated time between Cascadia subduction zone earthquakes is anywhere from 200 to 800 years. The last on record was Jan. 26, 1700.
That means another earthquake is neither impossible nor overdue, Nissen says.
“Prediction is probably impossible. Many of us think it will always be impossible, ” he says. “What we can do is forecast the location and magnitude – but instead of a [specific] time you give an interval of time and a probability.”
Nissen says research shows a 15 to 30 per cent chance of a major earthquake (magnitude 8 to 9) in the next 50 years, but that leaves an up to 70 per cent chance that there will be no earthquake at all – at least for the next five decades.
READ ALSO: Be Prepared: After the “Big One,” will your family be ready?
“Humans think over short time scales – we don’t think in decade or 100-year time spans,” Nissen says. “But for earthquake safety that’s the time span we need to think in.”
Nissen says infrastructure upgrades, emergency plans and advancing earthquake early warning technologies are all part of a necessary planning process – even if the next megathrust doesn’t hit until 2120.
Nissen quips, “If there was a 30 per cent chance of rain you would still bring an umbrella.”
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{% block head %} {% endblock %}
{% block body %} This should not be visible to the end user. If you see this, this is a
big
error. {% endblock %}


--- layout: page0 title: Thank You! permalink: /thankyou/ ---
Your submission has been recieved. Stay tuned for the our next email.


|
Panda3D
|
This class implements a lightweight Mutex by making direct calls to the underlying implementation layer. More...
Public Member Functions | |
| acquire () | |
| Grabs the lightMutex if it is available. More... | |
| clearName () | |
| The lightMutex name is only defined when compiling in DEBUG_THREADS mode. More... | |
| bool | debugIsLocked () |
| Returns true if the current thread has locked the LightMutex, false otherwise. More... | |
| str | getName () |
| The lightMutex name is only defined when compiling in DEBUG_THREADS mode. More... | |
| bool | hasName () |
| The lightMutex name is only defined when compiling in DEBUG_THREADS mode. More... | |
| output (Ostream out) | |
| This method is declared virtual in LightMutexDebug, but non-virtual in LightMutexDirect. More... | |
| release () | |
| Releases the lightMutex. More... | |
| setName (str name) | |
| The lightMutex name is only defined when compiling in DEBUG_THREADS mode. More... | |
This class implements a lightweight Mutex by making direct calls to the underlying implementation layer.
It doesn't perform any debugging operations.
| acquire | ( | ) |
Grabs the lightMutex if it is available.
If it is not available, blocks until it becomes available, then grabs it. In either case, the function does not return until the lightMutex is held; you should then call unlock().
This method is considered const so that you can lock and unlock const lightMutexes, mainly to allow thread-safe access to otherwise const data.
Also see LightMutexHolder.
| clearName | ( | ) |
The lightMutex name is only defined when compiling in DEBUG_THREADS mode.
| bool debugIsLocked | ( | ) |
Returns true if the current thread has locked the LightMutex, false otherwise.
This method is only intended for use in debugging, hence the method name; in the LightMutexDirect case, it always returns true, since there's not a reliable way to determine this otherwise.
| str getName | ( | ) |
The lightMutex name is only defined when compiling in DEBUG_THREADS mode.
| bool hasName | ( | ) |
The lightMutex name is only defined when compiling in DEBUG_THREADS mode.
| output | ( | Ostream | out | ) |
This method is declared virtual in LightMutexDebug, but non-virtual in LightMutexDirect.
| release | ( | ) |
Releases the lightMutex.
It is an error to call this if the lightMutex was not already locked.
This method is considered const so that you can lock and unlock const lightMutexes, mainly to allow thread-safe access to otherwise const data.
| setName | ( | str | name | ) |
The lightMutex name is only defined when compiling in DEBUG_THREADS mode.


3.3. fmas.raman_response¶
This module implements several Raman response functions. Numerical models of the Raman response are important for the accurate theoretical description of the propagation of optical pulses with short duration and high peak power [MM1986] [G1986].
The following Raman response models are currently supported:
Blow-Wood type Raman response function [BW1989]. |
|
Lin-Agrawal type Raman response function [LA2006]. |
|
Hollenbeck-Cantrell type Raman response function [HC2002]. |
- MM1986
F. M. Mitschke, L. F. Mollenauer, Discovery of the soliton self-frequency shift, Opt. Lett. 11 (1986) 659, https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.11.000659.
- G1986
J. P. Gordon, Theory of the soliton self-frequency shift, Opt. Lett. 11 (1986) 662, https://doi.org/10.1364/OL.11.000662.
- BW1989(1,2,3)
K. J. Blow, D. Wood, Theoretical description of transient stimulated Raman scattering in optical fibers. IEEE J. Quantum Electron., 25 (1989) 1159, https://doi.org/10.1109/3.40655.
- LA2006(1,2,3)
Q. Lin, G. P. Agrawal, Raman response function for silica fibers, Optics Letters, 31 (2006) 3086, https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.6.001159.
- HC2002
D. Hollenbeck and C. D. Cantrell, Multiple-vibrational-mode mopdel for fiber-optic Raman gain spectrum and response function, J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, 19 (2002) 2886, https://doi.org/10.1364/JOSAB.19.002886.
-
fmas.raman_response.
h_BW
(t, tau1=12.2, tau2=32.0)¶ Blow-Wood type Raman response function [BW1989].
Implements simple Raman response function for silica fibers based on a single damped harmonic oscillator with Lorentzian linewidth [BW1989], given by
\[h_{\mathrm{BW}}(t) = \frac{\tau_1^2 + \tau_2^2}{\tau_1\tau_2^2}\, e^{-t/\tau_2}\, \sin(t/\tau_1)\,\theta(t),\]where causality is assured by the unit step fuction \(\theta(t)\). This Raman response model can be adapted to fit various types of nonlinear fibers. For example, using the parameters \(\tau_1=12.2\,\mathrm{fs}\), and \(\tau_2=32\,\mathrm{fs}\), toghether with a fractional Raman contribution \(f_R=0.18\) is adequate for modeling the Raman response of of silica fibers.
- Parameters
t (
numpy.ndarray
) – temporal grid.tau1 (
float
) – Raman response parameter (default: 12.2 fs).tau2 (
float
) – Raman response parameter (default: 32.0 fs).
- Returns
Angular-frequency representation of the Raman response.
- Return type
numpy.ndarray
-
fmas.raman_response.
h_HC
(t)¶ Hollenbeck-Cantrell type Raman response function [HC2002].
Implements intermediate broadening model for Raman response function of silica fibers based on multiple vibrational frequency modes of the Si-O-Si compound [HC2002]. The time-domain representation of this Raman response model is given by
\[h_{\mathrm{HC}}(t) = \sum_{n=1}^{13} A_n\, e^{-\gamma_n t - \Gamma_n^2 t^2/4}\,\sin(\omega_n t)\,\theta(t),\]with parameter sequences \(\{\omega_n\}_{n=1}^{13}\), \(\{A_n\}_{n=1}^{13}\), \(\{\gamma_n\}_{n=1}^{13}\), and \(\{\Gamma_n\}_{n=1}^{13}\), summarized in the table below.
n
omega_n (rad/fs)
A_n (-)
gamma_n (1/ps)
Gamma_n (1/ps)
1
0.01060
1.00
1.64
4.91
2
0.01884
11.40
3.66
10.40
3
0.04356
36.67
5.49
16.48
4
0.06828
67.67
5.10
15.30
5
0.08721
74.00
4.25
12.75
6
0.09362
4.50
0.77
2.31
7
0.11518
6.80
1.30
3.91
8
0.13029
4.60
4.87
14.60
9
0.14950
4.20
1.87
5.60
10
0.15728
4.50
2.02
6.06
11
0.17518
2.70
4.71
14.13
12
0.20343
3.10
2.86
8.57
13
0.22886
3.00
5.02
15.07
- Parameters
t (
numpy.ndarray
) – temporal grid.- Returns
Angular-frequency representation of the Raman response.
- Return type
numpy.ndarray
-
fmas.raman_response.
h_LA
(t)¶ Lin-Agrawal type Raman response function [LA2006].
Implements an improved Raman response model, taking into account the anisotropic nature of Raman scattering [LA2006], given by
\[h_{\mathrm{LA}}(t) = (1-f_b)\,h_{\mathrm{BW}}(t) +f_b\,\frac{2\tau_b-t}{\tau_b^2} e^{-t/\tau_b}\,\theta(t),\]with \(h_{\mathrm{BW}}(t)\) given by
h_BW
, and parameters \(\tau_b=96\,\mathrm{fs}\), and \(f_b = 0.21\).- Parameters
t (
numpy.ndarray
) – temporal grid.- Returns
Angular-frequency representation of the Raman response.
- Return type
numpy.ndarray


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We believe that the current student loan system in South Africa excludes many students with potential, as they often require a guarantor to co-sign their student loan. Our mission is to empower the global community to invest in the youth through blockchain based financing. We do this by offering obligation-free student loans to post-graduate students and repackaging the loans into a tradable security for investors to invest in. This is done by tokenization.
We offer collateral-free loans to post-graduate students by creating a social investment product that allows investors to participate in funding their studies. These loans are packaged into an investible product that investors can purchase, through buying our KhanyeziToken.
Tokens serve as a digital wrapper that give us the power to create, configure, and trade any imaginable asset frictionlessly, peer to peer. In short, tokenization can streamline our current financial markets, and allow us to create a world filled with seamless value transfer.
MPhil Data Science specialising in Financial Technology (UCT)
MPhil Data Science specialising in Financial Technology (UCT)
MPhil Data Science specialising in Financial Technology (UCT)


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HOSTS.CSV
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Hello Dubai!
Please navigate to config or hosts.csv to configure your piman settings.


{% extends "registration/base.html" %} {% block title %}Research Scholar Application{% endblock %} {% block meta_description %}Request unrestricted access to the cases made available by the Caselaw Access Project{% endblock %} {% block main_content %}
Thank you for applying for unrestricted access as a research scholar! We will process your application as soon as possible and be back in touch. In the meantime, we invite you to explore our open API for metadata and our open bulk data, which currently includes all cases from Illinois, Arkansas, New Mexico, and North Carolina.
{% endblock %}


Food is essential for LIFE, Make Food with LOVE
Welcome to my lovely food blog site 🙂 I'm passionate to cook food & I learned recipes from my Mother, She cooks lovely food everyday so everyday we have feast at home 🏡 People who are in search for healthy, tasty and vegetarian recipes you reached the right place 👍 Checkout my recipes, do try and enjoy 😋 Happy Cooking 🍨👩🏻🍳 & Have a beautiful day ☀


Skiing is one of my greatest passions. The adrenaline rush of flying down the mountain at speeds you aren’t even allowed to drive at, or jumping off cliffs that were taller than I cannot be found elsewhere. This being said, I found a much more safe option to get my thrill; programming. Although it can never replace skiing, I get a huge thrill every time a piece of functionality falls into place. To see my latest thrill-rides click here.
My mother, a graduate from Indiana University with a Bachelor of Arts degree, did not hesitate to get my into art as soon as possible. Since I was little I’ve experimented with every mode of art from painting to sculpting to photography, but I enjoy colored pencils the most. This is because they allow me to create precise detail while giving me complete creative control. To see my best artwork, click here.
I’ve been studying Spanish for over 9 years now. It started as a useful skill learned in school, and has developed into a great appreciation for not only the language, but also the culture. To learn more about my journey through the Spanish language, click here.
 I recycle religiously, perform road cleanups every month, and am cutting down on the amount of meat that I consume. On top of this, I have tried to make my presence in the community one of a positive nature. To see my other community service efforts, click here.


Sebastien Ogier explains decision to leave Citroen World Rally team
by David EvansBrought to you by
Sebastien Ogier has spoken exclusively to Autosport to explain his decision to leave Citroen's World Rally Championship team with a year to run on his contract.
Citroen's cited Ogier's departure for Toyota - a deal expected to be announced next week - as the reason for its withdrawal from the WRC in an announcement made on Wednesday.
The six-time champion admitted he was surprised at the wording of Citroen's communication, but refused to comment on speculation that he first read the press release on the internet.
Ogier told Autosport: "Maybe communication hasn't always been the strongest point for Citroen..."
- Citroen's exit - read for free
- A sad end for a great team - and a huge blow to the WRC
He was also concerned about the message Citroen had sent to other competitors in the WRC, adding: "When they say there is no other drivers available, in this moment, I feel this is disrespectful for my colleagues in the sport."
Talking specifically about why he was leaving his second stint with Citroen early, Ogier said: "One of the main things which drove this decision was the rhythm of development on the car and the speed the car was progressing, which was not enough.
"Already this year, we could agree there wasn't enough development coming and we were down in performance against our competitors and it's not just me saying that - it's anybody who drove this car, I think, is feeling the same way."
Despite his departure and the nature of Citroen's announcement, Ogier said he had no regrets about returning to the team where he started his professional career.
"I was aware since I joined the team about the difficulty of this challenge and I was never afraid of this," he said.
"That's why, even today, I have absolutely no regrets to try this challenge, even if it failed."
As previously outlined on Autosport, Ogier will be revealed as a Toyota WRC driver alongside Elfyn Evans and Kalle Rovanpera on Monday.
Ogier declined to comment on his plans for 2020.


Chapter 3 Efficiency
As the amount of data being captured and stored continues to grow at ever increasing speed, it becomes more and more crucial to learn how to work efficiently using the tools at your disposal. Regardless of whether or not you are working with big data, it is important to write code that is efficient anyway. Working on analysis projects in R is often fluid and evolves dynamically according to feedback gained while exploring your data. Therefore if you work efficiently, you can get this feedback quicker and iterate through analyses more rapidly.
Another aspect to efficiency is that you may not always be working with R from a powerful machine and in this case, it becomes essential to work efficiently. In addition, if many users are carrying out their work by connecting to e.g. an RStudio Server concurrently, then the server has to distribute resource to all of these users. If some users are working very inefficiently (e.g. by extracting huge amounts of data or running highly intensive processing operations) then this can cause strain on the server which can have consequences for all users that need to use the server. This can be mitigated by setting up limitations on how much server resource users can be allocated. However, it is nevertheless, important that users all try to work efficiently in order to ensure that things continue to operate smoothly.
3.1 Extracting Data from Databases
If an organisation holds large amounts of data in databases that lots of users need to download data from then it is important for users to work with these databases in an efficient manner. The key question to ask yourself whenever you want to extract data from the database is
What is the minimum amount of data I need to solve the problem?
Within this, there are some further sub-questions you should ask yourself every time.
- What variables do I need to solve the problem? What variables do I not need? In SQL, this would be taken care of using
SELECT
and listing the variables you want to download. - For these variables, do I actually need all of the records in a database to solve my problem or just a subset of records? For example, do I just need records covering a particular time period? In SQL, this part is usually taken care of using
WHERE
and specifying filtering conditions.
If you think about just these questions carefully enough before extracting data, often the amount of data you actually download into R will be much smaller compared with extracting an entire database into R (particularly if the database is very large). Working with this smaller amount of data can often already result in large efficiency gains from both a memory-management and processing perspective (less data gets loaded into R and performing data processing on smaller objects can be much faster).
You can go further than this and think about whether or not you can aggregate data before bringing it into R. This is a particularly good idea when extracting non-aggregated records would still result in extracting huge amounts of data (even after carefully considering some the questions mentioned above). In SQL, this is usually done using GROUP BY
, combined with something like COUNT
. If you are already familiar with SQL, you can take advantage of this in RStudio as SQL code chunks can be used directly within RMarkdown.
3.1.1 Extracting Data from SMRA
For those working within the NHS in Scotland, Emily Moore has written a paper about Using R with SMRA (SMRA is a large relational database containing Scottish morbidity records). This paper gives detail about how to connect to the database using RStudio and also provides guidance on making efficient queries using SQL within R.
3.1.2 dbplyr
If you have the odbc
package set up to connect to databases, then you can use dbplyr
to help you write efficient SQL queries using dplyr code. The biggest benefit here is for people who have learned how to manipulate data using dplyr but have not learned SQL. It also provides other advantages such as being able to take advantage of helper functions within dplyr (e.g. starts_with()
to select variables) to make the amount of code you need to write more concise compared with SQL.
The main idea of dbplyr is to write dplyr code as if you are just working with data that is in R already (as opposed to working with data stored in a database) but at the end, you have to add a step to actually download the data from the database into R using collect()
. At it’s core, all dbplyr does is translate code written using dplyr functions into SQL. Therefore, if you are interested in seeing the SQL code it generates, you can do so by running show_query()
. dbplyr will likely not be able to provide all of the functionality available in SQL (at least not without inserting bits of actual SQL code in with dbplyr code) but it should be able to do what you need the majority of the time.
Bob Taylor has written a short tutorial on how to use dbplyr to extract data from SMRA. Some of this is based on a cheatsheet of SQL-SPSS queries produced by Jaime Villacampa. Encouragingly, speed tests run in the tutorial also shows that dbplyr is fast so this is a great bonus.
3.1.3 Temporary Objects
Remove temporary objects as you go along in an analysis, particularly if those objects take up a lot of memory (e.g. temporary large dataframes). The objectremover RStudio addin may help with this.
3.2 Processing
3.2.1 For Loops
Never grow a vector, preallocate the size of objects used to store results.
Use descriptive indices in loops to make them easier to understand.
# First attempt
for (i in 1:ncol(geno)) {
for (j in 1:nrow(geno)) {
output[i,j] <- do_something(geno[j, i])
}
}
# Second attempt
n_markers <- ncol(geno)
n_ind <- nrow(geno)
for (marker_ix in 1:n_markers) {
for (individual_ix in 1:n_ind) {
output[individual_ix, marker_ix] <-
do_something(geno[individual_ix, marker_ix])
}
}
If you really need to a grow a vector:
Parallel Processing [need to do some research on this, see future package].
Rcpp - loops are faster using this.
3.2.2 Avoiding Loops
Avoid loops if you can, use functional programming, e.g. purrr::map()
. Note: loops are not necessarily slower but leave more room for the user to write them inefficiently.
3.2.3 Finding Slow Parts of Code
Profiling code - e.g. using profviz
(now built into the RStudio IDE)
Benchmarking - e.g. with the bench
package or the microbenchmark
package.
3.3 Importing and Exporting Data
For critical analyses, I still find the base R functions (e.g. read.csv()
) to be most reliable but readr::read_csv()
is much faster.
vroom - package using the ALTREP framework, potentially extremely fast package for reading delimited files.
writexl - the fastest package for writing to Excel and has no dependencies.
3.4 Further Resources
Efficient R Programming by Colin Gillespie and Robin Lovelace: This book goes into great depth on working efficiently in R.
How to speed up R code: an introduction: This resource is a little old (from 2015) but still contains some useful background on how to speed up R.


29 December 2000
Disease Outbreak Reported
As of 29 December, the Ugandan Ministry of Health has reported the following:
Gulu district: From 19-29 December, there was a total of 5 new confirmed cases and 6 deaths. The most recent laboratory confirmed case in Gulu died on 22 December. The cumulative total number of cases for Gulu is now 394 cases and 149 deaths.
Masindi district: From 19-29 December, there have been no new confirmed cases but 1 death has occurred. The last case was admitted to hospital on 12 December and the last death occurred on 21 December. There have been no patients in the isolation ward for the last 7 days. The cumulative total number of cases for Masindi is now 27 confirmed cases and 19 deaths.
Mbarara district: The cumulative total number of cases for Mbarara is 5 cases and 4 deaths.
The cumulative total number of cases for all affected districts in Uganda is now 426 cases and 172 deaths. (In our previous report, the cumulative total number of deaths was wrongly counted as 162 deaths for all of Uganda; 165 deaths was the correct number).
Despite the significant improvement in the Ebola situation in the country, social mobilisation programmes continue and members of the community are being requested to remain vigilant and report any suspicious cases. Investigation of reported suspected cases is ongoing as well as follow up of contacts of suspected and confirmed cases.
WHO recommends no special restrictions on travel or trade to or from Uganda.