<IP_ADDRESS> Summary
The functions provided by the SICStus Prolog Tcl/Tk library can be grouped
in two ways: by function, and by package.
By function, we can group them like this:
- basic functions
tcl_new/1
- create a Tcl interpreter
tcl_delete/1
- remove a Tcl interpreter
tk_new/2
- create a Tcl interpreter with Tk extensions
- evaluation functions
tcl_eval/3
- evaluate a Tcl expression from Prolog
prolog
- evaluate a Prolog expression from Tcl
- Prolog event queue functions
tcl_event/3
- evaluate a Tcl expression and return a Prolog queue event list
tk_next_event/[2,3]
- pass control to Tk until a Prolog queue event happens and return
the head of the queue
prolog_event
- place a Prolog term on the Prolog event queue from Tcl
- servicing Tcl and Tk events
tk_do_one_event/[0,1]
- pass control to Tk until one Tk event is serviced
tk_next_event/[2,3]
- also services Tk events but returns when a Prolog
queue event happens and returns the head of the queue
- passing control completely to Tk
tk_main_loop/0
- control passed to Tk until all windows in all Tcl/Tk
interpreters are gone
- housekeeping
tk_main_window/2
- return reference to main in of a Tcl/Tk interpreter
tk_destroy_window/1
- destroy a window or widget
tk_make_window_exist/1
- force display of a window or widget
tk_num_main_windows/1
- return a count of the total number of Tk main windows
existing in the system
By package, we can group them like this:
- predicates for Prolog to interact with Tcl interpreters
tcl_new/1
- create a Tcl interpreter
tcl_delete/1
- remove a Tcl interpreter
tcl_eval/3
- evaluate a Tcl expression from Prolog
tcl_event/3
- evaluate a Tcl expression and return a Prolog event list
- predicates for Prolog to interact with Tcl interpreters with Tk
extensions
tk_new/2
- create a Tcl interpreter with Tk extensions
tk_do_one_event/[0,1]
- pass control to Tk until one Tk event is serviced
tk_next_event/[2,3]
- also services Tk events but returns when a Prolog
queue event happens and returns the head of the queue
tk_main_loop/0
- control passed to Tk until all windows in all Tcl/Tk
interpreters are gone
tk_main_window/2
- return reference to main in of a Tcl/Tk interpreter
tk_destroy_window/1
- destroy a window or widget
tk_make_window_exist/1
- force display of a window or widget
tk_num_main_windows/1
- return a count of the total number of Tk main windows
existing in the system
- commands for the Tcl interpreters to interact with the Prolog system
prolog
- evaluate a Prolog expression from Tcl
prolog_event
- place a Prolog term on the Prolog event queue from Tcl
In the next section we will discuss how to use the
tcltk
library to build graphical user interfaces to Prolog applications.
More specifically we will discuss the ways in which cooperation
between Prolog and Tcl/Tk can be arranged: how to achieve them,
and their benefits.
Send feedback on this subject.


Full transcript of "Face the Nation" on November 3, 2019
by CBS NewsOn this "Face the Nation" broadcast moderated by Margaret Brennan:
- House Minority Leader Rep. Kevin McCarthy, R - California (@GOPLeader)
- House Majority Leader Steny Hoyer, D-Maryland (@LeaderHoyer)
- Rep. Jackie Speier, D-California (@RepSpeier)
- David Drucker of the Washington Examiner (@DavidMDrucker)
- David Nakamura of the Washington Post (@DavidNakamura)
- CBS News Chief Congressional Correspondent Nancy Cordes (@nancycordes)
- John Hudson of the Washington Post (@John_Hudson)
Click here to browse full transcripts of "Face the Nation."
Check back soon for a full transcript of today's broadcast


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{{employee.address.street}} {{employee.address.houseNumber}} {{employee.address.zipCode}} {{employee.address.city}} {{employee.address.country}} |


Cloogle is the unofficial Clean language search engine.
The following search strings are recognised:
| hd | Functions with a name like hd |
| :: a [a] -> a | Functions with a type unifiable with a [a] -> a |
| hd :: [a] -> a | A combination of the above |
| :: A.a: [a] -> a | Type search, where a cannot be unified. |
| type Maybe | The type definition of Maybe x |
| class Text | The class definition of Text |
Besides this web app, there are other frontends available:
!cloogle
bang on DuckDuckGo:Cloogle
command in Vim, if you use vim-cleanYou can also browse the standard libraries.
Development takes place on GitHub. Please read the contributing guidelines first.
For bug reports, open an issue in the issue tracker.


|
Hi {{ message_content.get('name', '')|title }},
Thank you for listing your space with us! Your Space ID is: {{ message_content.get('space_id', '') }} Your listing in now 100% complete.
Acceptance of terms & conditions:
For your space to be published to the thousands of space seekers who visit us daily, please go through and accept our terms & conditions by following the steps below.
Step 1: Review your page listing by clicking this
Step 2: Scroll to the end of the page after reviewing your listing.
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--- layout: post title: A 17-Year-Old Developer Laments About His 19-Year-Old Rival and His $1.1 Million Funding date: '2012-02-13T07:18:35-08:00' tags: tumblr_url: http://alexhwilliams.tumblr.com/post/17552637989/a-17-year-old-developer-laments-about-his-19-year-old ---


| Email: |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| |
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Awesome People
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Gin and Chronic Productions
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[Erowid Warning: Most Coricidin contains CPM (Chlorpheniramine Maleate) which can be dangerous in high doses. See DXM Brand Warnings for more info.]
I'd read from almost every site, including Dextroverse and William White that the cough preparation Coricidin Cough and Cold was the absolute least recommended source for Dexxing. Let me start by saying that after having even found discouragement from the likes of Wikipedia.com, I stand corrected. However, I have been a Dextromethorphan guru in my area for almost three years now, and Coricidin is the only thing I've ever maintained a good DXM trip equilibrium. Note also that I am quite a big fella (243 lbs.).
However, and I do emphasize this, there are ALWAYS loop-holes, even in science. I'm not trying to classify myself above the experts or even modern pharmacology, but C3's are, simply put, an experience completely separate from Robitussin, Zicam, Delsym, or even Robitussin Liquigels. The body high, mixed with the psychedelic intensity has also stronger effects, and a longer trip duration. Not to mention the afterglow (NOT HANGOVER) the morning after is pure heaven. I once did two packages of C3's and had an epiphany that lasted for two straight weeks. The world around me, concepts, imagery, people, communication became vivid and controversial. I felt like I had just been born. Good DXM afterglow is like that, guys. And the higher you go in dosage--with all due respect to gaining proper eperience and 'know your body...'--the more beautiful a DXM trip can be.
My first trip with Coricidin was one complete package (16 30mg skittles), and the headrush was quite overpowering. I begin to notice that everything's different, then I feel the urge to vomit--some can hold it in, I prefer to go ahead--and WHAM! La-La Land, HERE I COME! The whole trip is usually lasts anywhere from 8-12 hours.
I suppose what I'm saying is that Coricidin IS horrible on your liver over prolonged exposure with that CPM, and some underweight trippers just can't have a good trip on it. But as for me, I swear by it.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


| Contract Number | Contract Name | Municipal | Year Built | Link |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Document Type | Description | Link | ||
| Description | Enter Date | Link | ||
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| {{feature.attributes.fkDocumentType || 'not specified' }} | {{feature.attributes.Description}} | {{feature.attributes.WebRelativeImagePath}} | ||
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This repository contains a set of native Angular directives based on Bootstrap's markup and CSS. As a result no dependency on jQuery or Bootstrap's JavaScript is required. The only required dependencies are:
We strive to support the same browsers and versions as supported by both Bootstrap 4 and Angular, whichever is more restrictive. Check browser support notes for Angular and Bootstrap.
Our code is automatically tested on all the supported browsers.
After installing the above dependencies, install angular-deepsee
via: npm install --save angular-deepsee
Once installed you need to import our main module.
import {NgbDeepSeeModule} from 'angular-deepsee';
The only remaining part is to list the imported module in your root module and any additional application modules that make use
of the components in this library. The exact method will be slightly different for the root (top-level) module for which you
should end up with the code similar to (notice NgbDeepSeeModule.forRoot()
):
import {NgbDeepSeeModule} from 'angular-deepsee'; @NgModule({ declarations: [AppComponent, ...], imports: [NgbDeepSeeModule.forRoot(), ...], bootstrap: [AppComponent] }) export class AppModule { }
Other modules in your application can simply import NgbDeepSeeModule
:
import {NgbDeepSeeModule} from 'angular-deepsee'; @NgModule({ declarations: [OtherComponent, ...], imports: [NgbDeepSeeModule, ...] }) export class OtherModule { }


This page provides some reference material for the IEEE-754 floating-point standard. It is a companion page to the three calculator pages:
These calculators came into being in the fall semester of 1997 when I assigned my Computer Organization course an optional project to write a program that would print the values of the fields of IEEE-754 floating point numbers. One student, Quanfei Wen, decided to do the program as an interactive web page, using Javascript to do the calculations.
I put Quanfei's pages up on my web site as a resource for other students taking my Computer Organization course, where it was found by Keven Brewer, who was working for Delco Electronics at the time. Kevin noticed some special cases that Quanfei's calculators didn't handle, and volunteered to work up the precise versions of the code that the calculators now use. Kevin also did a web search for information on the IEEE-754 standard, which is included in the Kevin's Report section below. Kevin also prepared some web tables listing the parameters of the standard.
The calculators have turned out to be a popular resource on the web for academics and industry alike. I know of translations into Spanish and German, and they get over 10,000 hits a month on my web server.
In December 2004 I started reworking these pages to improve their appearance and conformance to web standards. The javascript code behind them has been moved to separate files, but interested users can download the code from the js/ directory. The original pages, with embedded javascript code, remain available at my old Computer Organization course web site.
"In 1976 Intel began to design a floating-point co-processor for its i8086/8 and i432 microprocessors. Dr. John Palmer persuaded Intel that it needed an arithmetic standard to prevent different boxes with "Intel" on the outside from computing disparate results inside. At Stanford ten years earlier, Palmer had heard a visiting professor, William Kahan, analyze commercially significant arithmetics and assess how much their anomalies inflated the costs of reliable and portable numerical software. Kahan had also enhanced the numerical prowess of a successful line of Hewlett-Packard calculators. Palmer, now the manager of Intel's floating-point effort, recruited Kahan as a consultant to help design the arithmetic for the i432 ( which died later ) and for the i8086/8's upcoming i8087 coprocessor." From An Interview with the Old Man of Floating-Point, a short, facinating read on the development of the IEEE-754 Floating-Point standard.
The IEEE-754 Standard for Binary Floating-Point Arithmetic was published in 1985. You can order a copy of the standard from the IEEE. The web site for the IEEE-754 is a good place to go for links to information about IEEE-754 and floating-point in general.
A popular paper on the mathematical properties of floating-point numbers, including the IEEE-754 standard is What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point Arithmetic, which is also available from docs.sun.com
The Q4, 1999 issue of the Intel Technology Journal had an article, IA-64 Floating-Point operations and the IEEE standard for binary floating-point arithmetic, by M. Cornea-Hasegan and B. Norin, which provides a summary of the IEEE-754 standard and includes a table of ten different floating-point formats used by Intel's 64-bit microprocessors (the IA-64 architecture). Most of the article discusses featues of the IA-64 floating-point instruction set.
A significant floating-point standard, which pre-dates the IEEE-754 standard, is the "hexadecimal encoding" used on IBM mainframes. This format uses sixteen instead of two as the base to which the exponent is raised. The IBM S/390 G5 processor was the first one to integrate IBM's traditional hexadecimal encoding and IEEE-754 in the same floating-point unit. It is described in the paper, The S/390 G5 floating point unit by E. M. Schwarz and C. A. Krygowski, which appeared in the IBM Journal of Research and Development, vol. 43, No. 5/6, September/November 1999, pp 707-721.
The rest of the material on this page came from Kevin J. Brewer, who worked for Delco Electronics at the time he wrote it. In addition to the material below, Kevin greatly refined the JavaScript code for the IEEE-754 Calculator page originally written by a Queens College student, Quanfei Wen.
There are currently three separate calculator pages:
At the end of this page are Kevin's Charts, which summarize the IEEE-754 single and double precision formats.
If you find a broken link in the material below, please let me know, especially if you know where the page has moved. (Send mail to vickery at babbage.cs.qc.edu with "IEEE-754" in the Subject line.)
Kevin suggested, "Scroll up and down from the locations cited below in order to learn other information about the IEEE-754 standard."
The source which showed me that there were actually positive and negative NaNs and introduced me to a new special number, Indeterminate, was [ this page ]. To find the table showing these NaNs and Indeterminate, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "the corresponding values". Scroll up a little in order to take a look at the "Special Operations" table. And right above that table is the list of special numbers and their meanings.
The source which introduced me to the concepts of "signaling" and "quiet" NaNs was [ http://www.cas.american.edu/~studdard/classes/fall1995/4028201/notes/17oct95/I.html ]. To find the section on "signaling" and "quiet" NaNs, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "NaNs can be signaling or quiet".
The source which allowed me to distinguish between "signaling" and "quiet" NaNs was [ this page ]. To find the section on NaNs and the encodings of other special numbers, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "The definition of NaNs".
[ This source ] shows the mathematical equations which define the various IEEE-754 values and ranges.
The source which introduced me to IEEE-754's four rounding modes and the guard, round, and "sticky" bits was [ this page ]. To find the section on rounding, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "four different rounding modes".
Some sources on the Web claim that IEEE-754 specifies four floating-point formats in two groups, basic and extended, with a "single-precision" and a "double-precision" format in each of the two groups. To find this information, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "IEEE 754 specifies four" on [ http://www.cas.american.edu/~studdard/classes/fall1995/4028201/notes/17oct95/I.html ] and the Edit | Find... command on the string "The other two formats" on [ this page ].
Upon reading the IEEE-754 standard, one learns from "Table 1, Summary of Format Parameters" on page 9 that the extended formats are very loosely defined with unspecified exponential biases and only lower bounds for precisions and exponents, while the basic formats are specified exactly in terms of field widths and semantics. The extended formats are so loosely defined that particular implementations of these formats may be so different that numerical approximation routines using them could be non-portable.
Other sources on the Web claim that IEEE-754 specifies only three floating-point formats, "single-precision", "double-precision", and "quadruple-precision". [ One source ] shows the three IEEE-754 formats and their max and min values in DEC's Fortran-90 documentation. To find the section on the three IEEE-754 formats, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "32-bit IEEE". [ Another source ] shows the encodings of the special numbers and the number of bits in each field for each of the three IEEE-754 formats. To find the sections on the three IEEE-754 formats, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "For single-precision floating point numbers" and start scrolling down.
When comparing the format parameters of "extended double-precision" in IEEE-754's Table 1 and those of the so-called "quadruple-precision", one finds that the "quadruple-precision" format is simply a specific instance of the "extended double-precision" format. Similarly, one will note that "double-precision" is a specific instance of "extended single-precision".
The 80-bit "extended-precision" format is used "internally" by the Intel 80x87 floating-point math "co-processor" in order to be able to shift operands back and forth without any loss of precision in the IEEE-754 64-bit (and 32-bit) format. To find this information, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "it also implements an "extended-precision" format" on [ http://www.cas.american.edu/~studdard/classes/fall1995/4028201/notes/17oct95/I.html ].
A source which describes the exponential bias of Intel's 80-bit "extended-precision" format and its usage of the additional bits it contains relative to the "double-precision" format is [ webster.cs.ucr.edu ]. (Link updated 2005-05-03.) To find this data, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "In order to help ensure accuracy".
[ http://webster.cs.ucr.edu/Page_asm/ArtofAssembly/CH14/CH14-3.html ] states that Intel's "extended-precision" format supports non-normalized numbers (values very close to zero whose most significant mantissa bit is not zero). To find this support information, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "Normalized values provide".
When one compares these stated and implied format parameters of Intel's "extended-precision" with those of "extended double-precision" in Table 1, one finds that the "extended-precision" format is a specific instance of the "extended double-precision" format, similarly to the "quadruple-precision" format.
| No. | Parameter | Format | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
Single |
Single Extended |
Double |
Double Extended |
Quadruple + |
Extended # |
||
| © Copyright 1985 by The Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc | |||||||
| + Although the "quadruple-precision" name and the particular parameters of its format are not specified in the IEEE-754 standard, it is a legally derived IEEE-754 format because its parameters are specific subset elements within the bounds of those specified for the "extended double-precision" format. | |||||||
| # Like the "quadruple-precision" format, Intel's "extended-precision" format is a legal IEEE-754 format derived from the "extended double-precision" format. | |||||||
| (1) | p (precision, apparent mantissa width in bits) |
24 | ≥ 32 | 53 | ≥ 64 | 113 | 64 |
| (2) | Decimal digits of precision p / log2(10) |
7.22 | ≥ 9.63 | 15.95 | ≥ 19.26 | 34.01 | 19.26 |
| (3) | Mantissa's MS-Bit | hidden bit | unspecified | hidden bit | unspecified | hidden bit | explicit bit |
| (4) | Actual mantissa width in bits | 23 | ≥ 31 | 52 | ≥ 63 | 112 | 64 |
| (5) | Emax | +127 | ≥ +1023 | +1023 | ≥ +16383 | +16383 | +16383 |
| (6) | Emin | -126 | ≤ -1022 | -1022 | ≤ -16382 | -16382 | -16382 |
| (7) | Exponent bias | +127 | unspecified | +1023 | unspecified | +16383 | +16383 |
| (8) | Exponent width in bits | 8 | ≥ 11 | 11 | ≥ 15 | 15 | 15 |
| (9) | Sign width in bits | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| (10) | Format width in bits (9) + (8) + (4) |
32 | ≥ 43 | 64 | ≥ 79 | 128 | 80 |
| (11) | Range Magnitude Maximum 2Emax + 1 |
3.4028E+38 | ≥ 1.7976E+308 | 1.7976E+308 | ≥ 1.1897E+4932 | 1.1897E+4932 | 1.1897E+4932 |
| (12) | Range Magnitude Minimum 2Emin |
1.1754E-38 | ≤ 2.2250E-308 | 2.2250E-308 | ≤ 3.3621E-4932 | 3.3621E-4932 | 3.3621E-4932 |
| (13) | Range Magnitude Minimum (Denormalized) 2Emin - (4) |
1.4012E-45 | ≤ 1.0361E-317 | 4.9406E-324 | ≤ 3.6451E-4951 | 6.4751E-4966 | 1.8225E-4951 |
| (14) | FORTRAN Language Type | REAL*4 | REAL*8 | REAL*16 | REAL*10 | ||
| (15) | C Language Type | float | double | long double | long double |
Other sources on IEEE-754 include:
IEEE-754 floating-point numbers require three component fields: the sign, the exponent, and the mantissa. The exponential base is 2 and is never stored in any way with the value in either the registers or memory (it is implied). In order to allow the exponent and mantissa, when taken together, to vary monotonically, the signed exponent is represented in excess-127 unsigned form for single precision and excess-1023 for double precision. This excess-127 (or excess-1023) representation is indicated by the variable "e" below.
Since IEEE-754 floating-point numbers are stored in a signed magnitude form, the ranges and binary patterns of the positive and negative numbers are symmetric about the midpoint of the entire range of values (between the positive and negative zeros). As a result, essentially any statement made in regard to the positive numbers is also true of the negative numbers and vice versa.
The range of positive floating-point numbers is split into normalized numbers (normal numbers) which preserve the full precision of the mantissa, including the hidden bit, (24 bits for single precision and 53 bits for double precision) and denormalized numbers (subnormal numbers, so-called unnormalized numbers) which have from 1 to 23 significant bits for single precision and 1 to 52 bits for double precision.
The number line tables below, which show the layout for single (32-bit) and double (64-bit) precision floating-point numbers and their special values, were inspired by the table on [ this page ]. To find the table on which these two are based, use the Edit | Find... command on the string "the corresponding values". In their column headers, these tables indicate the number of bits in each field along with their bit ranges in square brackets.
The values shown in the Decimal Range column of the tables are the end points of their respective ranges with the IEEE-754 round-to-nearest value mode applied. JavaScript uses IEEE-754 double precision floating-point with round-to-nearest value mode to perform all of its arithmetic operations including its input string to numeric conversion routine. Therefore, by default, double (64-bit) precision conversions are automatically rounded to values matching these tables. In order for single (32-bit) precision conversions to be rounded to values matching these tables, the user must click the Rounded button on those pages where it is present.
| Range Name | Sign (s) 1 [31] |
Exponent (e) 8 [30-23] |
Mantissa (m) 23 [22-0] |
Hexadecimal Range | Range | Decimal Range § |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quiet -NaN |
1 | 11..11 | 11..11 : 10..01 |
FFFFFFFF : FFC00001 |
||
| Indeterminate | 1 | 11..11 | 10..00 | FFC00000 | ||
| Signaling -NaN |
1 | 11..11 | 01..11 : 00..01 |
FFBFFFFF : FF800001 |
||
| -Infinity (Negative Overflow) |
1 | 11..11 | 00..00 | FF800000 | < -(2-2-23) × 2127 | ≤ -3.4028235677973365E+38 |
| Negative Normalized -1.m × 2(e-127) |
1 | 11..10 : 00..01 |
11..11 : 00..00 |
FF7FFFFF : 80800000 |
-(2-2-23) × 2127 : -2-126 |
-3.4028234663852886E+38 : -1.1754943508222875E-38 |
| Negative Denormalized -0.m × 2(-126) |
1 | 00..00 | 11..11 : 00..01 |
807FFFFF : 80000001 |
-(1-2-23) × 2-126 : -2-149 (-(1+2-52) × 2-150) * |
-1.1754942106924411E-38 : -1.4012984643248170E-45 (-7.0064923216240862E-46) * |
| Negative Underflow | 1 | 00..00 | 00..00 | 80000000 | -2-150 : < -0 |
-7.0064923216240861E-46 : < -0 |
| -0 | 1 | 00..00 | 00..00 | 80000000 | -0 | -0 |
| +0 | 0 | 00..00 | 00..00 | 00000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Positive Underflow | 0 | 00..00 | 00..00 | 00000000 | > 0 : 2-150 |
> 0 : 7.0064923216240861E-46 |
| Positive Denormalized 0.m × 2(-126) |
0 | 00..00 | 00..01 : 11..11 |
00000001 : 007FFFFF |
((1+2-52) × 2-150) * 2-149 : (1-2-23) × 2-126 |
(7.0064923216240862E-46) * 1.4012984643248170E-45 : 1.1754942106924411E-38 |
| Positive Normalized 1.m × 2(e-127) |
0 | 00..01 : 11..10 |
00..00 : 11..11 |
00800000 : 7F7FFFFF |
2-126 : (2-2-23) × 2127 |
1.1754943508222875E-38 : 3.4028234663852886E+38 |
| +Infinity (Positive Overflow) |
0 | 11..11 | 00..00 | 7F800000 | > (2-2-23) × 2127 | ≥ 3.4028235677973365E+38 |
| Signaling +NaN |
0 | 11..11 | 00..01 : 01..11 |
7F800001 : 7FBFFFFF |
||
| Quiet +NaN |
0 | 11..11 | 10..00 : 11..11 |
7FC00000 : 7FFFFFFF |
| Range Name | Sign (s) 1 [63] |
Exponent (e) 11 [62-52] |
Mantissa (m) 52 [51-0] |
Hexadecimal Range | Range | Decimal Range § |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Quiet -NaN |
1 | 11..11 | 11..11 : 10..01 |
FFFFFFFFFFFFFFFF : FFF8000000000001 |
||
| Indeterminate | 1 | 11..11 | 10..00 | FFF8000000000000 | ||
| Signaling -NaN |
1 | 11..11 | 01..11 : 00..01 |
FFF7FFFFFFFFFFFF : FFF0000000000001 |
||
| -Infinity (Negative Overflow) |
1 | 11..11 | 00..00 | FFF0000000000000 | < -(2-2-52) × 21023 | ≤ -1.7976931348623158E+308 |
| Negative Normalized -1.m × 2(e-1023) |
1 | 11..10 : 00..01 |
11..11 : 00..00 |
FFEFFFFFFFFFFFFF :<PHONE_NUMBER>000000 |
-(2-2-52) × 21023 : -2-1022 |
-1.7976931348623157E+308 : -2.2250738585072014E-308 |
| Negative Denormalized -0.m × 2(-1022) |
1 | 00..00 | 11..11 : 00..01 |
800FFFFFFFFFFFFF :<PHONE_NUMBER>000001 |
-(1-2-52) × 2-1022 : -2-1074 (-(1+2-52) × 2-1075) * |
-2.2250738585072010E-308 : -4.9406564584124654E-324 (-2.4703282292062328E-324) * |
| Negative Underflow | 1 | 00..00 | 00..00 |<PHONE_NUMBER>000000 | -2-1075 : < -0 |
-2.4703282292062327E-324 : < -0 |
| -0 | 1 | 00..00 | 00..00 |<PHONE_NUMBER>000000 | -0 | -0 |
| +0 | 0 | 00..00 | 00..00 |<PHONE_NUMBER>000000 | 0 | 0 |
| Positive Underflow | 0 | 00..00 | 00..00 |<PHONE_NUMBER>000000 | > 0 : 2-1075 |
> 0 : 2.4703282292062327E-324 |
| Positive Denormalized 0.m × 2(-1022) |
0 | 00..00 | 00..01 : 11..11 |
0000000000000001 : 000FFFFFFFFFFFFF |
((1+2-52) × 2-1075) * 2-1074 : (1-2-52) × 2-1022 |
(2.4703282292062328E-324) * 4.9406564584124654E-324 : 2.2250738585072010E-308 |
| Positive Normalized 1.m × 2(e-1023) |
0 | 00..01 : 11..10 |
00..00 : 11..11 |
0010000000000000 : 7FEFFFFFFFFFFFFF |
2-1022 : (2-2-52) × 21023 |
2.2250738585072014E-308 : 1.7976931348623157E+308 |
| +Infinity (Positive Overflow) |
0 | 11..11 | 00..00 | 7FF0000000000000 | > (2-2-52) × 21023 | ≥ 1.7976931348623158E+308 |
| Signaling +NaN |
0 | 11..11 | 00..01 : 01..11 |
7FF0000000000001 : 7FF7FFFFFFFFFFFF |
||
| Quiet +NaN |
0 | 11..11 | 10..00 : 11..11 |
7FF8000000000000 : 7FFFFFFFFFFFFFFF |
§ Your least significant digits may differ.
* The minimum magnitude values of denormalized ranges are represented by a single significant bit (a bit whose value is 1) at the right hand end of its format's mantissa. For single (32-bit) and double (64-bit) precision, these minimum range values are 1.4012984643248170E-45 and 4.9406564584124654E-324 respectively. The values 7.0064923216240862E-46 and 2.4703282292062328E-324 are each a little more than half of these minima. They are represented by one significant bit to the right of their format's storable mantissa and another 1-bit spaced the double precision's mantissa width to the right of the first bit. Then, as a result of the IEEE-754 round-to-nearest value mode's operation, these values are rounded to the denormalized range minimum values.
[ Convert Decimal Floating-Point Numbers
to IEEE-754 Hexadecimal Representations. ]
[ Convert IEEE-754 32-bit
Hexadecimal Representations to Decimal Floating-Point
Numbers. ]
[ Convert IEEE-754 64-bit
Hexadecimal Representations to Decimal Floating-Point
Numbers. ]
[ Dr. Vickery's Home Page. ]
XHTML
CSS
(Although valid XHTML, this page is delivered as "text/html"
rather than "application/xhtml+xml".)


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The Best Tech StartUp
Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts. It is an almost unorthographic life. One day however, a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far world of Grammar.
Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts. It is an almost unorthographic life. One day however, a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far world of Grammar.


A daily selection of privately personalized reads; no accounts or sign-ups required.
Hi! I'M DIRE
GLAD TO SEE
YOU!
I’m a software developer! I can help you build a product , feature or website Look through some of my work and experience! If you like what you see and have a project you need coded, don’t hestiate to contact me.
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TONIC
Canopy
Back End Dev
2015
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MULTI-POST
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A daily selection of privately personalized reads; no accounts or sign-ups required.
MULTI-POST
STORIES
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2015
A daily selection of privately personalized reads; no accounts or sign-ups required.
About
Myself
Hello I’m a software developer! I can help you build a product , feature or website Look through some of my work and experience! If you like what you see and have a project you need coded, don’t hestiate to contact me.
Languages
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Frameworks
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Skills


This chapter gives an overview of the principal tools used for playing MIDI files. It does not include MIDI editors, MIDI producers, etc
The tools described in this chapter each include a software synthesizer. This produces audio as PCM data from the MID data fed to it. The MIDI data contains information about the instrument playing each note, and of course, every instrument sounds different. So the synthesizer must make use of mapping information from MIDI notes + instrument into PCM data.
The mapping is usually done using soundfont files. There are various formats for this, of which the primary one is the .sf2 format. Some synthesizers (such as Timidity) can also use Gravis UltraSound patches, which are recorded real instruments.
Many soundfont files have been created. See for example Links to SoundFonts and other similar files (although many of the links are broken).
/usr/share/sounds/sf2/FluidR3_GM.sf2
.
This file is nearly 150Mbytes - soundfonts are not small!
soundbank-emg.sf2
.
This is considerably smaller at 1.9Mb!
Possibly surprisingly, using different soundfonts doesn't seem to make much difference to CPU usage - for FluidSynth they all use about 60-70% CPU on one song. They do, of course, sound different.
Timidity is a "Software sound renderer (MIDI sequencer, MOD player)"
Its home page is Maemo.org
Timidity can be used to play MIDI files by giving them on the command line
timidity rehab.mid
The default soundfonts used by Timidity are Gravis UltraSound patches,
from the /usr/share/midi/freepats/
directory.
These soundfonts are missing many instruments, so should be
replaced by another such as the FluidSynth fonts.
The settings are made in the configurations file
/etc/timidity/timidity.cfg
It can also be run as an ALSA server listening on a port (Using MIDI with UNIX):
timidity -iAD -B2,8 -Os1l -s 44100
The "-iAD" option runs it as a Daemon process in the background as an
ALSA sequencer client. The "-B2,8" option selects the number of buffer
fragments. The "-Os1l" option selects ALSA output as PCM. The "-s"
option is the sample size.
(For the Raspberry Pi, I found that -B0,12
worked better than -B2,8
).
In this mode, ALSA can send messages to it. The command
aconnect -0
will show output such as
client 14: 'Midi Through' [type=kernel]
0 'Midi Through Port-0'
laptop:/home/httpd/html/LinuxSound/MIDI/Python/pyPortMidi-0.0.3$aconnect -o
client 14: 'Midi Through' [type=kernel]
0 'Midi Through Port-0'
client 128: 'TiMidity' [type=user]
0 'TiMidity port 0 '
1 'TiMidity port 1 '
2 'TiMidity port 2 '
3 'TiMidity port 3 '
The "Midi Through" port is not useful but the Timidity ports are. MIDI files can then be played by an ALSA sequencer such as
aplaymidi -p128:0 rehab.mid
The default output for TiMidity can be changed using the
-O
option. TiMidity help (timidity -h
)
shows, for example,
Available output modes (-O, --output-mode option):
-Os ALSA pcm device
-Ow RIFF WAVE file
-Or Raw waveform data
-Ou Sun audio file
-Oa AIFF file
-Ol List MIDI event
-Om Write MIDI file
-OM MOD -> MIDI file conversion
For some of these modes the device name can also be set, using
the -o
option. For example, to play a file using
the hw:2
ALSA device, use
timidity -Os -o hw:2 ...
TiMidity can be run with Jack output using the -Oj
option. In a user-based environment such as Ubuntu you may need
to stop or pause PulseAudio, start the Jack server and then run TiMidity.
PulseAudion may be paused by e.g.
pasuspender cat
in one terminal. In another, start the Jack daemon using ALSA input and output
jackd -dalsa
In a third terminal, run TiMidity
timidity -Oj 54154.mid
The links may be shown graphically by also running
qjackctl
.
"Rosegarden is a well-rounded audio and MIDI sequencer, score editor, and general-purpose music composition and editing environment"
Its home page is RoseGarden
It is not a standalone synthsesizer: it uses FluidSynth, for example.
GStreamer allows you to build "pipelines" that can be played using
gst-launch
.
It can play MIDI files by e.g.
gst-launch filesrc location="rehab.mid" ! decodebin ! alsasink
fluidsynth
is a command line MIDI player.
It runs under ALSA with a command line
fluidsynth -a alsa -l <soundfont> <files...>
The soundfont is set explicitly on the command line, so can be set to another soundfont.
qsynth
is a GUI interface to fluidsynth
.
You can use FluidSynth to convert MIDI files to WAV files by
fluidsynth -F out.wav /usr/share/sounds/sf2/FluidR3_GM.sf2 myfile.mid
Fluidsynth can be run as a server in the same way as TiMidity. Use
fluidsynth --server --audio-driver=alsa /usr/share/sounds/sf2/FluidR3_GM.sf2
Then a connect -o
will show the ports and it can
be played to by e.g.
amidi -p 128:0 <midi-file>
The aim of this sequencer/synthesizer is to be small. It succeeds at this!.
On playing the same song with the different systems, I observed the following CPU patterns:
VLC is a general purpose media player.
There is a
VLC module to handle MIDI files using
FluidSynth.
To get this working on a Debian system you first need to
intall the vlc-plugin-fluidsynth
package.
Then in Advanced Options of VLC, choose Codecs-Audio Codecs-FluidSynth.
You will need to set the soundfont, eg. to
/usr/share/sounds/sf2/FluidR3_GM.sf2
.
This chapter has looked at a variety of user level tools for manipulating MIDI. It has primarily includde players, but there are also a large number of MIDI editors, producers, etc.


Hello world
My name is Thomas, and I aspire to be a full-time developer. Currently, I am working as a freelancer doing mostly mobile applications (Android and iOS), but also some web-based apps (HTML5 and JS).
Web Developer from Somewhere
My name is Thomas, and I aspire to be a full-time developer. Currently, I am working as a freelancer doing mostly mobile applications (Android and iOS), but also some web-based apps (HTML5 and JS).


CSV Import of IP addresses
It's possible for application administrators to import csv files in order to create/modify IP addresses in the database.
However, all temporay or migrating definitions are not available with this method.
Import file must contain less than 1000 lignes.
Each line must have the following fields (all mandatory unless specified) : KEYWORD,ID,CTX,SITE,SUBNET,IP,MASK,NAME,DEF,MAC
Here an explanation of those fields :
- KEYWORD : mandatory value = IP
- ID : value for a creation = 0
- CTX : Context name
- SITE : Site Name
- SUBNET : Subnet Name
- IP : IP Address in special format (see next section)
- MASK : Subnet mask in CIDR format (number between 2 and 32)
- NAME : IP address name
- DEF : IP address description
- MAC : MAC address (non mandatory field)
IP Address Format
Every number of the IP address is represented by 3 digits with left completion with zeros if number is less than 3 digits.
Which gives for <IP_ADDRESS> => 010 178 076 003 =><PHONE_NUMBER>03
Excel File
You'll find below a link to a template excel file here to help you build the csv file
Template Excel File for Adrezo CSV Import
Once the file is completed, send it to your administrator.


NOVEMBER 23 2015
Bacon ipsum dolor amet in ribeye enim boudin capicola buffalo landjaeger meatball ullamco.  Landjaeger short loin enim, turducken ground round sirloin meatloaf pork loin labore sint.
Sausage esse in, fatback consectetur magna eiusmod aute boudin. Ground round duis shankle picanha nisi esse. Pork chop sausage kevin, bresaola duis alcatra strip steak boudin laboris. Sunt bacon meatball eu, chicken corned beef leberkas bresaola beef tempor kevin brisket ipsum ea.
It is a long established fact that a reader will be distracted by the readable content of a page when looking at its layout. The point of using Lorem Ipsum is that it has a more-or-less normal distribution of letters, as opposed to using 'Content here, content here', making it look like readable English.
DECEMBER 11 2015
Dolore strip steak spare ribs prosciutto. Pastrami lorem ham consectetur eu ground round buffalo fugiat in et bacon leberkas in aliquip. Rump sirloin fugiat et corned beef consequat est kielbasa. Voluptate ribeye aute velit capicola andouille spare ribs elit proident ut cillum dolor fatback fugiat.
Meatball burgdoggen jowl doner spare ribs swine. Jowl corned beef filet mignon ball tip shank strip steak sausage leberkas brisket shankle cupim biltong. Sirloin chicken short ribs picanha, tail hamburger short loin jowl bacon ground round tenderloin tongue.  Andouille flank turkey short ribs ham hock.
Pork belly spare ribs beef capicola, tail swine short loin turkey kevin meatloaf shankle hamburger burgdoggen brisket.


I'm exited to eventualy learn Django.
Here is a link to the official Django Website
Here is a picture of the Python Logo:
Here are the reasons Python is cool
Can you figure out how to make a picture in a link


?PLANTS
OF
BAHAMA
ISLANDS
Panicum
rigidulum
Nees
South
Andros:
in
freshwater
pond
about
1
mile
southwest
of
Congo
Town
airstrip.
Scattered
in
small
clumps.
September
22,
1978
D.
S.
Correll
50244
(with
Ruben
Sauleda
¤
Carl
Withner)
Herbarium
FAIRCHILD
TROPICAL
GARDEN
iEW
YO/J]
botanical
kpARDEt*
New
York
Botanical
Garden
lbGMT33
1604933
Legend -
Level of confidence that token is an accurately-transcribed word
extremely low
very low
low
undetermined
medium
high
very high


| allgather-method {pbdMPI} | R Documentation |
This method lets all ranks gather objects from every rank in the same
communicator. The default return is a list of length equal to
comm.size(comm)
.
allgather(x, x.buffer = NULL, x.count = NULL, displs = NULL, comm = .pbd_env$SPMD.CT$comm, unlist = .pbd_env$SPMD.CT$unlist)
x |
an object to be gathered from all ranks. |
x.buffer |
a buffer to hold the return object which probably has
'size of |
x.count |
a vector of length ‘comm size’ containing all object lengths. |
displs |
|
comm |
a communicator number. |
unlist |
if unlist the return. |
All x
on all ranks are likely presumed to have the same size and type.
x.buffer
, x.count
, and displs
can be NULL
or
unspecified. If specified, the type should be one of integer, double, or
raw specified correctly according to the type of x
.
If x.count
is specified, then the spmd.allgatherv.*()
is
called.
A list of length comm.size(comm)
is returned by default.
For calling spmd.allgather.*()
:
signature(x = "ANY", x.buffer = "missing", x.count = "missing")
signature(x = "integer", x.buffer = "integer", x.count = "missing")
signature(x = "numeric", x.buffer = "numeric", x.count = "missing")
signature(x = "raw", x.buffer = "raw", x.count = "missing")
For calling spmd.allgatherv.*
:
signature(x = "ANY", x.buffer = "missing", x.count = "integer")
signature(x = "ANY", x.buffer = "ANY", x.count = "integer")
signature(x = "integer", x.buffer = "integer", x.count = "integer")
signature(x = "numeric", x.buffer = "numeric", x.count = "integer")
signature(x = "raw", x.buffer = "raw", x.count = "integer")
Wei-Chen Chen<EMAIL_ADDRESS>George Ostrouchov, Drew Schmidt, Pragneshkumar Patel, and Hao Yu.
Programming with Big Data in R Website: http://r-pbd.org/
gather()
, allreduce()
, reduce()
.
## Not run: ### Save code in a file "demo.r" and run with 2 processors by ### SHELL> mpiexec -np 2 Rscript demo.r ### Initial. suppressMessages(library(pbdMPI, quietly = TRUE)) init() .comm.size <- comm.size() .comm.rank <- comm.rank() ### Examples. N <- 5 x <- (1:N) + N * .comm.rank y <- allgather(matrix(x, nrow = 1)) comm.print(y) y <- allgather(x, double(N * .comm.size)) comm.print(y) ### Finish. finalize() ## End(Not run)


Blog Articles
Launch of Gretchen Albrecht: Colloquy: Three essays, Two Rooms, 9 July 2015
By Peter Simpson
According to the Shorter Oxford Dictionary; 'colloquy' means 'a discourse, a dialogue (spoken or written); an act of conversing'; it comes from the Latin word 'to speak'. Literally of course paintings do not speak; they sit silently on the wall, saying nothing, keeping mum, appealing mutely to the eye and the mind. Paintings do not speak to us, except perhaps metaphorically, but we speak to them, or speak about them, either silently in our thoughts, or audibly to our friends and companions, in a buzz of comment and speculation and opinion - and so the conversation about painting, the 'colloquy' begins.
There is one sense, however, in which paintings even abstract ones like these, do speak and that is through their titles. In the case of Gretchen's paintings, titles are carefully chosen and are often eloquently suggestive. In the 24 paintings (including one sculpture) reproduced in this book, many of which are on the walls around us, we have, to choose some random samples: Cloud over Whatipu, Pacific Annunciation, Penumbra, Sea of Faith, Claritas - (blind angel), Stygian Passage, Nomadic Geometries, Black Portal for Dad, Rosy Fiery Blaze. Immediately, confronted with such potent linguistic sparks, the conversation flares up. Linda Gill, in one of the three essays which make up Colloquy, has devoted her whole piece to this theme. She points out that there is a paradox inherent in the use of evocative titles by a strictly non-figurative abstract artist such as Gretchen: 'One purpose of abstraction is to do away with the verbal, to insist on an unmediated response to the unique expressive possibilities of paint and painting. Many abstract paintings are 'Untitled'. But silence won't really do. And Albrecht acknowledges this by adding words of her own, mediating between the thinking viewer and the visual presence of her paintings.'
*
One of the things I really like about this book is that it such a pleasure to handle and read, so well designed and printed, the paintings for reproduction aptly chosen to complement the essays, and well reproduced. I am sure that Jamie Ross, as editor, had much to do with this happy outcome, though I'm sure Gretchen had plenty of input as well. Often these days art books seem to be affected by a kind of gigantism; they are often big and brash and encyclopaedic, virtually impossible to read or examine unless you are sitting at a table. There are local examples of this phenomenon but let me speak of an example from further afield. I have a book published in New York about the artist Helen Frankenthaler - a painter to whom Gretchen has paid attention in the past - that weighs in at something like five kilograms on my bathroom scales; it's enormous, and wonderful in its way of course, but so unwieldy, I hardly ever open it. I certainly never take it to bed; if I fell asleep it might crush me to death.
No chance of that with Colloquy; you could take it to bed with impunity. Another way in which Colloquy differs from many current art books is the generosity extended to the written word. Yes, Gretchen's name is on the cover and there is a rich selection of her paintings reproduced, but the title draws attention to the conversation around her work, to the dialogue it provokes among those who have looked at it closely. It has the effect of making of the paintings not something high, solitary and remote, with commentary banished to the margins or the back pages, but rather a companionable art, capable of generating an animated conversation - a colloquy - among friends.
If Linda Gill's essay explores Gretchen's use through her titles of language and poetry in particular - uncovering connections to the likes of Keats, Marvell, Matthew Arnold, Octavio Paz and even James Joyce, Mary Kisler explores her connections to architecture and art history, finding analogues for her shaped canvases in Romanesque and Renaissance buildings, and fruitful comparisons for her colours and painterly technique in such Italian artists as Pontormo, Andrea del Sarto and Titian. Here's how she describes Belladonna: 'Tones of ultramarine, violet and indigo play out an animated rhythm...cooler tones massing on the left, shades of purple rising up on the right, like two waves facing each other across a star-flecked ocean. Only the horizontal bars of blue and pink, equatorial lines overlapping, not touching, anchor this pent up energy'. Nice.
Colm TÓibÍn, on the other hand, looks away from art and culture towards the world of nature as providing an inexhaustible source of nourishment and inspiration for Gretchen, speaking eloquently of 'the movements of the sea and the changes in the shore line, or the height and look of the sky. Or the colours of sunlight playing against cloud, or the gnarled way in which branches grow, or even the colour of flowers'. Some of you may have wondered, as I did, how a famous Irish novelist came to contribute to such a book. The explanation is quite straightforward. Visiting Auckland during a writers' festival, TÓibÍn was brought to visit Gretchen's studio, and greatly struck by her work happily agreed to exchange some words about it for an example of it. His eloquent voice blends easily and fittingly with those of Mary Kisler and Linda Gill in providing a troika of informative perspectives and responses to Gretchen's work.
Laurence Simmons, in a typically subtle introductory piece, remarks that all three writers independently find in Gretchen's work a dynamic tension between opposing forces - between geometry and expressiveness, between the muteness of abstraction and the talkiness of titles, between the manifold resources of culture, through language and art history, and the 'precision and wildness of nature' . 'The challenge for these writers', he says, has been to bring together the expressive and the contained, the exuberant and the precise...'
It is a pleasure to offer congratulations to all who have contributed so finely to this delightful conversation, this colloquy, to Mary and Linda and Colm and Laurence, the wordspinners, to the book designer Graham O'Neill of Design Solutions, to the printers, Crucial Colour, and the binders, Daniel and Nadene at Design Bind who gave the book its physical realisation, to Jamie who edited the book and managed the whole project so expertly, and above all to Gretchen whose wonderful creations surrounding us on all sides are so effectively encapsulated between these covers, and whose seemingly endless inventiveness continues into its fifth decade - the earliest painting in the book dates from 1972, 43 years ago - to the delight and astonishment of us all.
Peter Simpson is a writer, editor and curator. He lives in Auckland.


Trekkies (1999) Reviewed by Eugene Novikov http://www.ultimate-movie.com Member: Online Film Critics Society
***1/2 out of four
Narrated by Denise Crosby. Rated PG
I wonder if the majority of Star Trek fans have an intense dislike for Star Wars. Those Star Wars fanatics have been labeled as the most daring and the most idolatrous of them all, mainly because of their standing in line for months to see The Phantom Menace when in reality they can't hold a figurine up to some Trek followers, often referred to as Trekkies. Trekkies, the new documentary from Paramount, which ironically is the studio responsible for Star Trek, brings us an account of this devoted group of Trek enthusiasts.
Trekkies narrated by Denise Crosby, an actress on Star Trek: The Next Generation, and what the film does is take a rather random approach in portraying and profiling die-hard Trekkers. There is a woman who showed up for jury duty in her Star Trek uniform, saying that she did it because she doesn't "want any of [her] officers to ever be ashamed of wearing their uniforms." I searched in vain for any hint of a smirk, some sign that she really is not serious about all this. There was none. Star Trek is her world, her whole existence.
Another major focus point of the film is a family of Trekkies, a father a mother and two children. The father is a dentist. Their office is all Trek. Everywhere you look you see Star Trek memorabilia, the secretaries, the nurses and the doctors all wear Trek uniforms (of course, if I walked into a dentist's office where the doctor was dressed up as a starship captain I'd run as fast as I could, but then that's just me).
Director Roger Nygard does not water down this movie one bit, and it features fans as outrageous as fans get. That is deceptively daring because nobody expected Paramount to come out with a movie that portrays trekkies in all their glory and wackiness. And, indeed, Trekkies is often times riotously funny, though it is unclear whether we are actually laughing with these people or at them.
The question is whether these hard-core trekkies are worthy of our derision and our mockery. Alas, they're not. I looked at them, and I did not see freaks. I saw families and societies coming together in harmony to participate in something that is of mutual interest. At the risk of sounding hackneyed, isn't it a hell of a lot better for kids to be going to Star Trek conventions and sewing Trek uniforms than building bombs? Those that tell these people to "get a life" are promoting a double standard, especially as far as the children are concerned. For years, I have heard society insist that if children got involved in inoffensive, social activites rather than making trouble the world would be a better place. Telling these "trekkie kids" to "get a life" is, then, a contradiction.
I am myself a passive Trek fan, although I don't consider myself a trekkie. Watching Trekkies, I did not feeling smug or conceited. If nothing else, I was felt left out. ©1999 Eugene Novikov
Sent via Deja.com http://www.deja.com/ Share what you know. Learn what you don't.
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About JEuclid
JEuclid is a complete MathML rendering solution, consisting
of:
- A MathViewer application
- Command line converters from MathML to other formats
- An ant task for automated conversion
- Display components for AWT, Swing, and SWT
JEuclid features:
- Almost complete support for presentation MathML 2.0
- Basic support for content MathML 2.0
- Initial support for the upcoming MathML 3.0
What's new?
Please report issues on the JEuclid issue tracker.
Endorsements


Error::Base - Simple structured errors with full backtrace
This document describes Error::Base version v1.0.1
-top
and -prepend_all
have been deprecated.use Error::Base; Error::Base->crash('Sanity check failed'); # die() with backtrace my $err = Error::Base->new('Foo'); # construct object first yourcodehere(...); # ... do other stuff $err->crash; # as object method my $err = Error::Base->new( 'Foo error', # odd arg is error text -quiet => 1, # no backtrace grink => 'grunt', # store somethings puppy => 'dog', # your keys, no leading dash ); $err->crash; $err->crank; # get cranky: warn() but don't die() my $err = Error::Base->crank('Me!'); # also a constructor eval{ Error::Base->crash( 'car', -foo => 'bar' ) }; my $err = $@ if $@; # catch and examine the full object # late interpolation my $err = Error::Base->new( -base => 'File handler error:', _openerr => 'Could not open $file for $op', ); { my $file = 'z00bie.xxx'; # uh-oh, variable out of scope for new() open my $fh, '<', $file or $err->crash( -type => $err->{_openerr}, '$file' => $file, '$op' => 'reading', ); # late interpolation to the rescue }
J'avais cru plus difficile de mourir.  Make frequent sanity checks and die when a check fails. See neat dumps of the caller stack with each error. Construct a group of error messages in one object or write error text ad hoc. Trap an error object and examine the contents; or let it tell its sad tale and end it.
Error::Base usage can be simple or complex. For quick sanity checks, construct and throw a simple fatal error in one line. At the other extreme, you can override methods in your own error subclasses.
Error::Base is lightweight. It defines no global variables, uses no non-core modules (and few of those), exports no symbols, and is purely object-oriented. I hope you will be able to use it commonly instead of a simple die()
. You are not required to subclass it.
See the Error::Base::Cookbook for examples.
my $err = Error::Base->new; # constructor my $err = Error::Base->new( 'bartender', # lone string first okay -base => 'Bar error:', -type => 'last call', -quiet => 1, -nest => 1, -prepend => '@! Black Tie Lunch:', -indent => '@! ', _beer => 'out of beer', # your private attribute(s) ); my $err = Error::Base->new( -base => 'First', -type => 'Second', -mesg => 'Third', );
The constructor must be called as a class method; there is no mutator returning a new object based on an old one. You do have some freedom in how you call, though.
Called with an even number of args, they are all considered key/value pairs. Keys with leading dash ('-'
) are reserved for use by Error::Base; keys led by a Perlish sigil (=~ /^[\$\@%]/
) trigger late interpolation; all other keys are free to use as you see fit. Error message text is constructed as a single string.
Called with an odd number of args, the first arg is shifted off and appended to the error message text. This shorthand may be offensive to some; in which case, don't do that. Instead, pass -base
, -type
, and/or -mesg
.
You may stash any arbitrary data inside the returned object (during construction or later) and do whatever you like with it. You might choose to supply additional optional texts for later access.
Stringification is overridden on objects of this class. So, if you attempt to print the object, or perform an operation that causes perl to want to treat it as a string, you will get the printable error message. If you prefer to examine the object internally, access its hash values; or dump it using Data::Dumper, Devel::Comments, or Test::More::explain().
See "PARAMETERS".
Error::Base->crash('Sanity check failed'); # as class method $err->crash; # as object method # all the same args are okay in crash() as in new() eval{ $err->crash }; # trap... print STDERR $@ if $@; # ... and examine the object
crash()
and other public methods may be called as class or object methods. If called as a class method, then new()
is called internally. Call new()
first if you want to call crash()
as an object method.
crash()
is a very thin wrapper, easy to subclass. It differs from similar methods in that instead of returning its object, it die()
-s with it. If uncaught, the error will stringify; if caught, the entire object is yours.
$err->crank( -type => 'Excessive boxes' ) if $box > $max;
This is exactly like crash()
except that it warn()
s instead of die()
-ing. Therefore you may easily recover the object for later use.
my $err = Error::Base->cuss('x%@#*!'); # also a constructor
Again, exactly like crash()
or crank()
except that it neither die()
-s nor warn()
s; it only returns the object.
The difference between new()
and the other methods is that new()
returns the constructed object containing only what was passed in as arguments. crash()
, crank()
, and cuss()
perform a full stack backtrace (if not passed -quiet) and format the result for stringified display.
You may find cuss()
useful in testing your subclass or to see how your error will be thrown without the bother of actually catching crash()
.
$err->init(@args);
The calling conventions are exactly the same as for the other public methods.
init()
is called on a newly constructed object, as is conventional. If you call it a second time on an existing object, new @args
will overwrite previous values. Internally, when called on an existing object, crash()
, crank()
, and cuss()
each call init()
. When these are called as class methods, they call new()
, which calls init()
.
Therefore, the chief distinction between calling as class or object method is that if you call new() first then you can separate the definition of your error text from the actual throw.
All public methods accept the same arguments, with the same conventions. Parameter names begin with a leading dash ('-'
); please choose other names for your private keys.
If the same parameter is set multiple times, the most recent argument completely overwrites the previous value.
You are cautioned that deleting keys may be unwise.
scalar string
The value of -base
is printed in the first line of the stringified error object after a call to crash()
, crank()
, or cuss()
.
scalar string
This parameter is provided as a way to express a subtype of error. It is appended to -base
.
scalar string or array reference
$err->crash( 'Pronto!' ); # emits 'Pronto!' $err->crash( -mesg => 'Pronto!', ); # same thing my $foo = 'bar'; $err->crash( -mesg => [ 'Cannot find', $foo, q{.} ], ); # emits 'Cannot find bar .'
As a convenience, if the number of arguments passed in is odd, then the first arg is shifted off and appended to the error message after -base
and -type
. This is done to simplify writing one-off, one-line sanity checks:
open( my $in_fh, '<', $filename ) or Error::Base->crash("Couldn't open $filename for reading.");
You may pass into -mesg
a reference to an array of simple scalars; these will all be joined together and appened to the error message. If you need to pass a multi-line string then please embed escaped newlines ('\n'
).
scalar boolean default: undef
$err->crash( -quiet => 1, ); # no backtrace
By default, you get a full stack backtrace. If you want none, set this parameter. Only error text will be emitted.
Deprecated as a public parameter; now internal only to Error::Base.
scalar signed integer default: 0
By default, stack frames internal to Error::Base are not traced. Set this parameter to adjust how many additional frames to discard. Negative values display internal frames.
scalar string default: undef
scalar string default: first char of -prepend, padded with spaces to length
The value of -prepend
is prepended to the first line of error text; -indent
to all others. If only -indent
is given, it is prepended to all lines. If only -prepend
is given, -indent
is generated from its first character and padded to the same length. Override either of these default actions by passing the empty string.
This is a highly useful feature that improves readability in the middle of a dense dump. So in future releases, the default may be changed to form -prepend
in some way for you if not defined. If you are certain you want no prepending or indentation, pass the empty string, q{}
.
It is possible to interpolate a variable that is not in scope into error message text. This is triggered by passing the value against a key whose leading character is a Perlish sigil, one of $@%
. Enclose the text (including placeholders) in single quotes. For a detailed explanation, see the Cookbook.
scalar string default: 'Undefined error.'
The error message, expanded, without -prepend
or backtrace. An empty message is not allowed; if none is provided by any means, 'Undefined error.' emits.
array of strings
The formatted error message, fully expanded, including backtrace.
array of hashrefs
The raw stack frames used to compose the backtrace.
Object-oriented accessor methods are provided for each parameter and result. They all do just what you'd expect.
$self = $self->put_base($string); $self = $self->put_type($string); $self = $self->put_mesg($string); $self = $self->put_quiet($string_or_aryref); $self = $self->put_nest($signed_int); $self = $self->put_prepend($string); $self = $self->put_indent($string); $string = $self->get_base(); $string = $self->get_type(); $string_or_aryref = $self->get_mesg(); $boolean = $self->get_quiet(); $signed_int = $self->get_nest(); $string = $self->get_prepend(); $string = $self->get_indent(); $string = $self->get_all(); @array_of_strings = $self->get_lines(); @array of hashrefs = $self->get_frames();
use base 'Error::Base'; sub init{ my $self = shift; _munge_my_args(@_); $self->SUPER::init(@_); return $self; };
While useful standing alone, Error::Base is written to be subclassed, if you so desire. Perhaps the most useful method to subclass may be init()
. You might also subclass crash()
, crank()
, or cuss()
if you want to do something first:
use base 'Error::Base'; sub crash{ my $self = _fuss(@_); $self->a_kiss_before_dying(); die $self; };
The author hopes that most users will not be driven to subclassing but if you do so, successfully or not, please be so kind as to notify.
Many error-related modules are available on CPAN. Some do bizarre things.
Exception::Class, Error, Exception, Carp, Test::Trap.
This module is installed using Module::Build.
This module emits error messages for you; it is hoped you won't encounter any from within itself. If you do see one of these errors, kindly report to RT so maintainer can take action. Thank you for helping.
All errors internal to this module are prefixed Error::Base internal...
excessive backtrace
Attempted to capture too many frames of backtrace. You probably mis-set -nest
, reasonable values of which are perhaps -2..3
.
unpaired args:
You do not have to pass paired arguments to most public methods. Perhaps you passed an odd number of args to a private method.
bad reftype in _late
Perhaps you attempted to late-interpolate a reference other than to a scalar, array, or hash. Don't pass such references as values to any key with the wrong sigil.
bad reftype in _expand_ref
You passed a hashref or coderef to -mesg
. Pass a simple string or arrayref.
no $self
Called a method without class or object. Did you call as function?
stringifying unthrown object
An object of this class will stringify to its printable error message (including backtrace if any) when thrown. There is nothing to see (yet) if you try to print an object that has been constructed but not (yet) thrown. This error is not fatal; it is returned as the stringification.
in _late eval:
Attempted to late-interpolate badly. Check your code. The interpolation failed so you cannot expect to see the correct error message text. On the offchance that you would like to see the stack backtrace anyway, this error is not fatal.
Error::Base requires no configuration files or environment variables.
There are no non-core dependencies.
This module should work with any version of perl 5.8.8 and up. However, you may need to upgrade some core modules.
None known.
This is an early release. Reports and suggestions will be warmly welcomed.
Please report any bugs or feature requests to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>, or through the web interface at http://rt.cpan.org.
This project is hosted on GitHub at: https://github.com/Xiong/error-base.
Grateful acknowledgement deserved by AMBRUS for coherent API suggestions. Any failure to grasp them is mine.
Xiong Changnian<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright (C) 2011, 2013 Xiong Changnian<EMAIL_ADDRESS>This library and its contents are released under Artistic License 2.0:


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{% load i18n %}
{% block content %}
{% blocktrans with sender_name=sender.first_name receiver_name=receiver.first_name task_title=task.title %}
Hi {{ receiver_name }},
Unfortunately the project owner, {{ sender_name }}, found someone else to perform the 1%Task '{{ task_title }}', which you applied for.
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Fate has a weird sense of humour. I held out from installing .net 3.5 sp1 all through the CTPs, then beta 1 and beta 2. This is also the first time I restrained myself from installing new stuff (coz simply put, having to uninstall a bunch of betas and patches and what not was getting to me). Well, I couldn't hold out any longer. I downloaded the entire thing. My internet is pretty crap, so I had to download the packages individually, then run a command line switch to download the final files. After that, was a quite long install. It failed. I removed silverlight tools. Tried again. Worked perfectly. I played around for a few hours. Made a few apps. Liked the new stuff quite a bit. And then, at 4 am, I went to bed.
I wake up, and what do I see? Damn you Microsoft...you just released the final .net 3.5 sp1 bits while I was asleep. Couldn't you have done it ONE day earlier or a month later? It HAD to be today, right? Why God, WHY?!?!?!
Ah well...guess I'll be downloading it all over again. And I gues I can forgive MS as the sp1 is actually available as an ISO. That is SO much more convenient to me. Thanks guys.
You can download .net 3.5 sp1 from bootstrapper here. You can download the FULL .net 3.5 sp1 from here. You can download the Visual Studio 2008 sp1 bootstrapper here. And you can download the FULL VS 2008 sp1 from here. Please note that the VS 2008 sp1s contain .net 3.5 sp1. Also note that the bootsrappers will require internet connectivity during installation, while the full versions will not.


--- layout: markdown hero-image: url(/assets/images/workshops/justin-demo-cropped.jpg) hero-message: Fall Workshops Registration Form ---


Tired of not being able to decide on a movie to watch? Let our system use your preferences to build a custom recommendation portfolio for you. Simply make a series of choices between two movies. The app will learn your preferences and help you find the perfect movie. For more information, see our github.


I was a PhD student at Université de Bordeaux and co-supervised at UPMC Université Paris 06 (Sorbonne Université). During my PhD, the principal focus was the ecology and diversity of macrobenthic communities at different spatial and temporal scales in the Mediterranean Sea. My research elucidated ecological responses in macrobenthos communities to changes caused by hydrological regime (i.e. Rhône River) and climate changes (i.e. Bay of Banyuls-sur-Mer and Gulf of Lions).
Recently, I have finished two post-doc positions at Ifremer where I concentrated effort across the nodule province of CCFZ: (a) describing the diversity patterns and community composition of polychaete assemblages; and (b) describing species and reclassifying the polynoids subfamilies.
Now, I’m launching myself as consultant for taxonomic polychaete identification, scientific writing and
more…
PhD in Evolutionary, Functional and Community Ecology, 2015
University of Bordeaux, France
Msc in Animal Biology, 2009
Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
BSc in Biological and Environmental Sciences, 2007
Federal University of Pernambuco, Brazil
This paper was published end 2018 after two long years of work and I would like to remember it :D The family Polynoidae is one of the six polychaete families of scale-worms, so-called because they are covered by some sort of scales on dorsal side (often lost).
The patterns observed in the composition of polychaete assemblages were attributed to variations in food supply at the regional scale and nodule density at the local scale. The high levels of species replacement were mainly driven by rare species, leading to regional species pool estimates between 498 and 240 000 species. The high proportion of singletons seems reflect an under-sampling bias that is currently preventing the assessment of potential biodiversity loss due to nodule mining.
This is the first study within the CCFZ describing polynoids species (17 new species and four new genera). Also we provide a reclassification of the subfamilies and comments about polynoids evolution within the deep-sea.


--- layout: post title: SMS sprinklers reduce water wastage date: 2006-10-12 00:00:00 categories: interfaces-&-interaction mobile ---
SMS sprinklers reduce water wastage: "A council spokeswoman said the new system reduced water wastage by enabling council staff to monitor and control irrigation timetables from a remote location rather than manually changing the program at each site."


Churchill
Churchill is a movie starring Brian Cox, Miranda Richardson, and John Slattery. 96 hours before the World War II invasion of Normandy, British Prime Minister Winston Churchill struggles with his severe reservations with Operation...


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block home_active %}{% endblock %} {% block notice_board_active %}active{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Are you sure you want to delete '{{ post.title }}'?


Tutorial to design gRNA for CRISPR base editing knockout system.¶
Step 1: Prepare input file¶
CRISPR-BETS allows Genbank, Snapgene, Fasta file formats as input.
- Genbank
The GenBank format for most genes can be downloaded from NCBI(https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/).
Download
Genbank example file
.
- Snapgene
For Snapgene file(.dna), CRISRP-BETS uses a continuous CDS feature to determine the coding sequence of the gene, and different continuous CDS features serve as different isoforms. Snapgene file(.dna) could be generated by SnapGene software (from Insightful Science; available at https://www.snapgene.com/).
Download
Snapgene example file
.
- Fasta
The CRISPR-BETS will use exonerate(https://www.ebi.ac.uk/about/vertebrate-genomics/software/exonerate) align CDS sequence to DNA sequence to found Splicing site.
Download
DNA Fasta example file
. DownloadCDS Fasta example file
Step 2: Select and upload file¶
① upload GenBank or Snapgene file¶
Navigate to the ‘Select load file type’ panel. click ‘GenBank’ button (GenBank is the default input file).
Upload the GenBank files.
Select gene isoform (support for Genbank and Snapgene file).
② upload fasta file or sequences¶
Navigate to the ‘Select load file type’ panel. click ‘Fasta(sequence)’ button
Fill the text box with both the DNA and CDS sequences of a gene.
NOTE:In order to design cross-CDS gRNA, enter both DNA and CDS FASTA files or sequences. Currently, only one gene is supported by an analysis.
Step 3: Select edit system option¶
Navigate to the ‘Edit system option’ panel.
(optional) Select ‘Cas9 variants’, ‘PAM’ and ‘gRNA length’ will be automatically filled.
(optional) Select ‘Deaminase’, ‘Edit window’ will be automatically filled.
The user fill ‘PAM’, ‘gRNA length’ and ‘Edit window’.
(optional) The user select genome to estimate the specificity of each gRNA.
Click the ‘Analysis’ button and wait for the analysis to complete.
Parameter description¶
1. Cas9 variants: Select the appropriate Cas9 variant. Once selected, the parameters PAM and gRNA length will be filled in automatically, not required.
2. PAM: The default value is NGG, which can be customized, required.
3. Edit window: The default values are 1 and 20 (The farthest first base of PAM is represented as a 1), which can be customized, required.
4. gRNA length: The default value is 20, which can be customized, required.
5. Select genome for offtarget analysis: Select species genome for off-target analysis, this step will increase the running time of CRISPR-BETS, not required.
Step 4: Scanning result panel and download result information¶
Navigate to the ‘result panel’, the user can drag and zoom to check the detailed information of each gRNA.
Click ‘save result as txt’ button to download result.
The following two functional buttons exist in the upper right corner of the results panel¶
Screenshot: Take a screenshot of the current page.
save result as file: Take a screenshot of the current page.
Output result description¶
The first row: Target gene name, determined according to the uploaded file name.
The second row: Edit system option.
The third row: Gene DNA sequences.
The fourth row: The position of CDS in DNA.
Row five to the last: Each target codon and its corresponding gRNA, different information is separated by ‘;’.


unary_negate<AdaptablePredicate>
|
|
|
|
| Categories: functors, adaptors |
Component type: type |
Description
Unary_negate is a function object adaptor: it is an
Adaptable Predicate that represents the logical negation
of some other Adaptable Predicate. That is: if f is an
object of class unary_negate<AdaptablePredicate>, then
there exists an object pred of class AdaptablePredicate
such that f(x) always returns the same value as !pred(x). [1]
There is rarely any reason to construct a unary_negate
directly; it is almost always easier to use the helper function not1.
Example
Finds the first element in a list that does not lie in the range
from 1 to 10.
list<int> L;
...
list<int>::iterator in_range =
find_if(L.begin(), L.end(),
not1(compose2(logical_and<bool>(),
bind2nd(greater_equal<int>(), 1),
bind2nd(less_equal<int>(), 10))));
assert(in_range == L.end() || !(*in_range >= 1 && *in_range <= 10));
Definition
Defined in function.h.
Template parameters
|
Parameter
|
Description
|
Default
|
|
AdaptablePredicate
|
The type of the function object that this unary_negate is the logical
negation of.
|
|
Model of
Adaptable Predicate
Type requirements
AdaptablePredicate must be a model of Adaptable Predicate.
Public base classes
unary_function<AdaptablePredicate::argument_type, bool>
Members
New members
These members are not defined in the
Adaptable Predicate
requirements, but are specific to
unary_negate.
|
Member
|
Description
|
unary_negate(const AdaptablePredicate& pred)
|
The constructor. Creates a unary_negate<AdaptablePredicate>
whose underlying predicate is pred.
|
template <class AdaptablePredicate>
unary_negate<AdaptablePredicate>
not1(const AdaptablePredicate& pred);
|
If p is of type AdaptablePredicate then
not1(p) is equivalent to unary_negate<AdaptablePredicate>(p),
but more convenient. This is a global function, not a member
function.
|
Notes
[1]
Strictly speaking, unary_negate is redundant. It can be
constructed using the function object logical_not and the
adaptor unary_compose.
See also
The function object overview, Adaptable Predicate, Predicate,
binary_negate, unary_compose, binary_compose
Copyright © 1996 Silicon Graphics, Inc.
|


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| Parameters: |
- isMultiprocessing :
bool
Should the rois be generated using multiprocessing. Default False.
- detection :
str
How should the regions of interest be detected. Either manually, through the use of highlight layers, or automatically
using haar cascades opencv. Default manual.
- image_path :
str
Image directory path.
- output_path :
str
Path to save data.
- roi_format :
str {raw,`dataviewer`, both}
Format to export ROIs. Either to ‘csv’ (raw) or to Eyelink DataViewer ‘ias’ (dataviewer) or both (both).
Default is raw. Note: If roi_format = dataviewer, shape must be either be circle, rotate, or straight.
- metadata_source :
str or None
Metadata source. If metadata is being read from a spreadsheet, metadata_source should be equal to path the to
the metadata file, else if metadata is embed within the image as a layer name, metadata_source = embedded.
Default is embedded. For example:
>>> # if metadata is in PSD images
>>> metadata = 'embedded'
>>> # if metadata is an external xlsx file.
>>> metadata = 'roi/metadata.xlsx'
Although Photoshop PSD don’t directly provide support for metadata. However if each region of interest is stored
as a seperate layer within a PSD, the layer name can be used to store metadata. To do this, the layer name has
to be written as delimited text. Our code can read this data and extract relevant metadata. The delimiter can
be either ; , | t or s (Delimiter type must be identified when running this code using the
code:delimiter parameter. The default is ;.). Here’s an example using ; as a delimiter:
>>> imagename = "BM001"; roiname = 1; feature = "lefteye"
Note: whitespace should be avoided from from each layer name. Whitespaces may cause errors during parsing.
- shape :
str {polygon, hull, circle, rotate, straight}
Shape of machine readable boundaries for region of interest. Default is straight. polygon creates a Contour
Approximation and will most closely match the orginal shape of the roi. hull creates a Convex Hull, which
is similar to but not as complex as a Contour Approximation and will include bulges for areas that are convex.
circle creates a mininum enclosing circle. Finally, both rotate and straight create a Bounding Rectangle,
with the only difference being compensation for the mininum enclosing area for the box when using rotate.
- roicolumn :
str
The name of the label for the region of interest in your metadata. For example you may want to extract the column
‘feature’ from your metadata and use this as the label. Default is roi.
- uuid :
list or None
Create a unique id by combining a list of existing variables in the metadata. This is recommended
if roi_format == dataviewer because of the limited variables allowed for ias files. Default None .
- **kwargs :
str or None , optional
Additional properties. Here’s a list of available properties:
| Property |
Description |
cores : bool |
(if isMultiprocessing == True) Number of cores to use. Default is total available cores - 1. |
isLibrary : bool |
Check if required packages have been installed. Default is False . |
isDebug : bool |
Allow flags to be visible. Default is False . |
isDemo : bool |
Tests code with in-house images and metadata. Default is False . |
save_data : bool |
Save coordinates. Default is True. |
newcolumn : dict {str , str } or False |
Add additional column to metadata. This must be in the form of a dict in this form {key: value}. Default is False. |
save_raw_image : bool |
Save images. Default is True. |
save_contour_image : bool |
Save generated contours as images. Default is True . |
delimiter : str |
(if source == psd) How is metadata delimited, options are: ; , | tab or space Default is ;. |
screensize : list [int ] |
Monitor size is being presented. Default is [1920, 1080]. |
scale : int |
If image is scaled during presentation, set scale. Default is 1. |
offset : list [int ] |
Center point of image, relative to screensize. Default is [960, 540]. |
dpi : int or None |
(if save_image == True) Quality of exported images, refers to ‘dots per inch’. Default is 300. |
|


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