Baby Geniuses * (out of * * * * )
Directed by Bob Clark. Cast: Leo Fitzgerald, Myles Fitzgerald, Gerry Fitzgerald, Kim Cattrall, Peter MacNicol, Kathleen Turner, Kyle Howard, Ruby Dee, Dom Deluise, Christopher Lloyd. 1999 - 93 minutes Rated PG (for mild profanity and violence). Reviewed March 19, 1999.
In "Baby Geniuses," directed by the wildly uneven director of some great movies (1974's "Black Christmas" and 1983's "A Christmas Story") and a particularly awful one (1981's "Porky's"), the key selling-point that is brought up is that babies are actually geniuses who hold the key to all of life's questions and are able to understand all languages (even though they speak in "baby talk"), and it is only once they "cross over" at about age two that they forget everything and become a so-called normal person. Although this theory is far-fetched in the extreme, it also is admittedly kind of intriguing. The film itself, however, throws all original ideas out the window in the very first scene to become a sort of junior version of "Look Who's Talking," minus practically all the wit and brightness of the story and situations. After enduring this mainstream family movie (kids deserve a lot better than this, even if they may enjoy some of it), I think it's safe to say that director Clark should go back to making movies about Christmas, since that is apparently the only thing he's good at.
Partially set at Babyco, a company that includes the world's largest indoor amusement park (a visual delight for the limited amount of time it recieves), the evil founder, Dr. Childers (Kathleen Turner), has secretly turned the basement into a scientific test area where she keeps a slew of baby prodigies and studies them. One of the children, Sly, who is the leader of the baby group, actually has a twin named Whit (both are played by real-life triplets, Leo, Myles, and Gerry Fitzgerald), who is living with a nice family unknowing of this separation (Whit was adopted). Through a series of incidents, Sly escapes from his confines at Babyco and gets loose out in the city where, the following morning at the mall, he comes into contact with Whit and is switched with him by his mother (Kim Cattrall). And so on...and so on...and so on...
In its whole 93-minute running time, "Baby Geniuses" included about four or five amusing lines of dialogue by the babies ("The first words I say to my parents aren't going to be 'mama' or 'papa,'" says Whit's 15-month-old sister, "I'm just going to recite the whole Gettysburg Address"), but that's painfully stretching things, especially when nothing else works at all. Director Clark and screenwriters Clark and Greg Michael assume that audiences will fall for the movie if they stuff a whole bunch of "as-cute-as-sbutton" babies down our throats, but in the process, they forgot to add a few vital elements, such as charm and entertainment. To top everything off, the baby talk that we hear in english is completely unconvincing when looking at the children, who obviously are the subjects of cheesy visual effects that make it look like they are moving their mouths.
That there are a few actors in "Baby Geniuses" that have proven to be talented in the past, the fact that they have stooped so low to appear in this clap-trap is mind-boggling. Kathleen Turner vamps her villainess role up, but like everyone else, has nothing at all to do except look mean and bothered. Faring even worse is Christopher Lloyd, who has lately fallen on hard times (he also appeared in the award-winning "My Favorite Martian" in this year alone!), and it was only once the movie was over that I wondered to myself, "did I really even see Christopher Lloyd in it?" I questioned myself on this not because Lloyd had a blink-and-you-miss-him part, but because he seemed to simply stand in the background of shots (or in extreme close-ups) and do nothing but be Turner's nasty henchman. Also making embarrassing appearances are the aforementioned Cattral, MacNicol, Dom Deluise, and of all people, Ruby Dee! By the way, feel free to laugh at these actors' plummeting film careers whenever the mood hits you.
By the time the tiresome, surprisingly violent climax began, the last nail had already been hammered in this unfortunate film's coffin, as we are subjected to seeing giant robotic babies and scary-looking clowns jumping out, and people falling from helicoptors onto the roof of a building. If this sounds at all like a nice, fun-for-the-whole-family children's movie, then I feel sorry for you, but by all means, take the kids. If, on the other hand, you think that your children deserve better, then I am sure you will also agree with my final point: the makers of "Baby Geniuses" were so concerned with, yes, making the babies geniuses, that they seem to have forgotten to include an inkling of intelligence into the film itself.
- Copyright 1999 by Dustin Putman Http://hometown.aol.com/FilmFan16/index.html
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


{# Located in MODULE_PATH/templates/admin/a/post/change_form.html #} {% extends "admin/change_form.html" %} {% block extrahead %}{{ block.super }} {% endblock %} {% block after_field_sets %}{{ block.super }}


#include <shader.h>
Definition at line 986 of file shader.h.
◆ pipelined_simd_unit()
◆ active_lanes_in_pipeline()
| virtual void pipelined_simd_unit::active_lanes_in_pipeline |
( |
| ) |
|
|
pure virtual |
◆ can_issue()
| virtual bool pipelined_simd_unit::can_issue |
( |
const warp_inst_t & |
inst | ) |
const |
|
inlinevirtual |
◆ cycle()
| void pipelined_simd_unit::cycle |
( |
| ) |
|
|
virtual |
◆ get_active_lanes_in_pipeline()
| virtual unsigned pipelined_simd_unit::get_active_lanes_in_pipeline |
( |
| ) |
|
|
inlinevirtual |
◆ issue()
| void pipelined_simd_unit::issue |
( |
register_set & |
source_reg | ) |
|
|
virtual |
◆ print()
| virtual void pipelined_simd_unit::print |
( |
FILE * |
fp | ) |
const |
|
inlinevirtual |
◆ stallable()
| virtual bool pipelined_simd_unit::stallable |
( |
| ) |
const |
|
inlinevirtual |
◆ m_core
◆ m_pipeline_depth
| unsigned pipelined_simd_unit::m_pipeline_depth |
|
protected |
◆ m_pipeline_reg
◆ m_result_port
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:
- gpgpu-sim_distribution/src/gpgpu-sim/shader.h
- gpgpu-sim_distribution/src/gpgpu-sim/shader.cc


| Name | Based On | Definition |
| CancerDisorderPresent | Condition | The presence of malignant neoplastic disease, in which abnormal cells divide without control and can invade nearby tissues. |
| CancerGeneticMarkerAnalysisResult | Observation | A panel that analyses different components of a genetic test specific to cancer-related genetic markers. |
| CancerHistologicGrade | Observation | A description of a tumor based on how abnormal the cancer cells and tissue look under a microscope and how quickly the cancer cells are likely to grow and spread.  (Source: NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms) |
| CancerHistologicType | Observation | Classification of the cancer by the type of tissue in which the cancer originates. (Source: NCI) |
| CancerProgression | Observation | The course of a disease, such as cancer, as it becomes worse or spreads in the body. (source: NCI Dictionary) |
| ECOGPerformanceStatus | Observation | The Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status grade or score, which indicates a patient’s level of daily functioning and physical ability. Source: LOINC |
| KarnofskyPerformanceStatus | Observation | The Karnofsky Performance Status (KPS) is a tool used to measure a patient’s functional status. It can be used to compare the effectiveness of different therapies and to help assess the prognosis of certain patients, such as those with certain cancers. The KPS score ranges from 0 to 100. Higher scores are associated with better functional status, with 100 representing no symptoms or evidence of disease, and 0 representing death [PMID: 23870327] . This panel contains LOINC terms to report the KPS score [LOINC: 89243-0] and its interpretation [LOINC: 89245-5]. |
| RadiationProcedure | Procedure | A radiation oncology procedure. If the treatment is part of a course of treatment, the PartOf attribute should indicate the CourseOfTreatment. |
| TNMClinicalDistantMetastasesClassification | Observation | The presence of metastases in remote anatomical locations, assessed using tests that are done before surgery. These include physical exams, imaging tests, laboratory tests (such as blood tests), and biopsies. |
| TNMClinicalPrimaryTumorClassification | Observation | Classification based on the size and extent of the primary tumor. |
| TNMClinicalPrognosticStagePanel | Observation | A panel of staging information that is performed prior to surgery, based on evidence such as physical examination, imaging, and/or biopsy. |
| TNMClinicalRegionalNodesClassification | Observation | The presence of metastases in regional lymph nodes, assessed using tests that are done before surgery. These include physical exams, imaging tests, laboratory tests (such as blood tests), and biopsies. (adapted from NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms) |
| TNMClinicalStageGroup | Observation | The overall stage of the cancer, assessed using tests that are done before surgery. These include physical exams, imaging tests, laboratory tests (such as blood tests), and biopsies. (adapted from NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms). |
| TNMPathologicPrognosticStagePanel | Observation | A panel of staging information that is based on examination of tissue samples removed during surgery, in addition to physical examination and imaging and potentially, other prognostic factors. |
| TNMPathologicStageGroup | Observation | The overall stage of the cancer, determined through pathologic analysis of a tumor specimen, and classified based on criteria defined by the staging system. |
| TumorMarkerObservation | Observation | A substance found in tissue or blood or other body fluids that may be a sign of cancer or certain benign (noncancer) conditions. Most tumor markers are made by both normal cells and cancer cells, but they are made in larger amounts by cancer cells. A tumor marker may help to diagnose cancer, plan treatment, or find out how well treatment is working or if cancer has come back. Examples of tumor markers include CA-125 (in ovarian cancer), CA 15-3 (in breast cancer), CEA (in colon cancer), and PSA (in prostate cancer). (Source: NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms). Tumor markers differ from genetic markers in that they are measured at the levels of the protein and substance post-RNA protein synthesis. |


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TIFF CHANGE INFORMATION
This document describes the changes made to the software between the
previous and current versions (see above).
If you don't find something listed here, then it was not done in this
timeframe, or it was not considered important enough to be mentioned.
The following information is located here:
CHANGES IN THE SOFTWARE CONFIGURATION:
- a -noninteractive flag was added to configure to
control whether or not it prints and prompts for configuration information
- various typos and fixes were made in configure for the the
library-only build support (this and other configure fixes from
Richard Mlynarik<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- bugs were fixed in the handling of pathnames supplied for external
packages; e.g. DIR_JPEG
- the handling of SETMAKE is now done properly
- the default prototype function declaration for pow was corrected
- a bug was fixed in libtiff/Makefile.in that caused installation
to fail on systems without DSO support
CHANGES IN LIBTIFF:
- Acorn RISC O/S support that was accidentally left out of the
left out of the previous distribution is present (from Peter Greenham)
- complaints about unknown and/or unsupported codecs have been
delayed until they are invoked; this permits applications to open
images and look at tags even if the image data is compressed with
an unknown/unsupported compression scheme
- bugs in handling unknown tags have been corrected; applications
that use multiple codecs, each with codec-specific tags, no longer
generate confusing error messages
- a missing pseudo-tag definition in the CCITT G3 codec was fixed
(this problem caused core dumps in the tiffcp program)
- pseudo-tags are now treated specially; they are always considered
to be set (i.e. they do not use bits in the FIELD_* bit-vectors).
- the use of strip chopping can now be controlled on a per-file basis
through a mode parameter supplied when opening a file (``C'' to
enable strip chopping and ``c'' to disable)
- two bugs were fixed in the writing of opposite-endian byte-order
files
- support was added for three new fax-related tags registered to
SGI: FaxRecvParams, FaxRecvTime, and FaxSubAddress
- the bit order of image data read and written can now be controlled
on a per-file basis through a mode parameter supplied when opening
a file (``B'' to force MSB2LSB bit order, ``L'' for LSB2MSB bit
order, and ``H'' for the bit order of the native CPU)
- the byte order of image and tag data written to newly-created files
can now be controlled on a per-file basis through a mode parameter
supplied when opening a file (``b'' to force Big-Endian byte order
and ``l'' to force Little-Endian byte order)
- the use memory-mapped files for images opened read-only can now
be controlled on a per-file basis through a mode parameter supplied
when opening a file (``M'' to enable use of memory-mapped files
and ``m'' to disable use)
- the use of the WIN32 define in tiffiop.h has
been replaced by __WIN32__
CHANGES IN THE TOOLS:
- fax2ps now does a save and restore
around each page of PostScript; this fixes a problem with VM
overflow when printing a many-page document on some printers
- a bug in the handling of 3-channel images by ras2tiff
was fixed
- tiffcp has new options to control the byte order of
newly created files: -B for Big-Endian byte order, -L
for Little-Endian byte order; a -M option to disable the
use of memory-mapped files, and a -C option to disable the
use of strip chopping
- bugs were fixed in tiffcp's handling of codec-specific tags
CHANGES IN THE MANUAL PAGES:
- the TIFFOpen page has been updated to reflect the new
optional open mode parameters
CHANGES IN THE CONTRIBUTED SOFTWARE:
- contrib/win95 contains information and code from Philippe Tenenhaus
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>about using the software under Windows 95
- contrib/winnt contains information and code from Dave Dyer
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>about using the software under Windows NT
TIFF home page.
Sam Leffler /<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Last updated $Date: 2016-09-25 20:05:45 $.


By /han≠kass’o (L VIII.-12. 7095-7097).


Currently working on a number of side projects.
Primarily focused on certifications, but working on things from time to time.
Primarily focused on certifications, but working on things from time to time.
I currently work at Capital One in Seattle, WA.
Fascinated by brutalist design.
Obsessed with food, music, and fishing.
Fascinated by brutalist design.
Obsessed with food, music, and fishing.
I honestly just needed something here to fit the color scheme.
Feel free to reach out.


Stereo, my baby baby baby baby baby
In which Pavement transforms from the cool older brother to Beck in his "Loser" stage into Radiohead's dreamy good looking cousin
Murmurs
I searched for years for a vinyl copy of the first R.E.M. LP, Murmur, on vinyl. My requirements were: I wanted it to be cheap, and I wanted the original release (partly because of my Hi-Fidelity-style collector's mentality). Or at least not a remastered or fancy resissued version (though, y'know, the recent fancy reissue was something that I put on my Amazon Wish List. I don't mind if other people spend that kinda money for me!), because I'd read so many reviews to know that part of the early-R.E.M. charm was that the vocals were buried/oddly mixed, and I wanted the Authentic Experience.
So after two years of striking out and a few months of eyeing that there fancy re-issue, I finally just hit up ebay, bid on the thing, and got it for about $15.
And it's great.
And no only is it great, I am finding myself absolutely unable to get Catapult out of my head. And I'm thinking that "Shaking Through" might shoot to my top ten all-time R.E.M. songs, just on the basis of the catchy, goose-bump-inducing, absolutely-built-for-singing-along chorus.
And I love this. I love that this album is from 1983, and it's from a band that I love, but about 10 years prior to the R.E.M. period that I know. I love discovering this stuff. I love hearing "Talk About the Passion" and "Radio Free Europe" in their original context.
It's just really great. I don't know what took me so long.
*I am probably at least a 65% proponent of the "hey, the internet is great and all, but it kinda ruined the hunt for things, especially music" theory. I can remember trying for years to find a copy of the ska version of "The Freshman," but once I was able to start downloading music, I nearly instantly looked for, and found it. It's still good, but I still look for the 7" now and again. I suppose I could find it on eBay.
Whatever and Ever Amen
I finally got my copy of the re-issue of the incredible Ben Folds Five album Whatever and Ever Amen the other day, after watching it rot on my Amazon Wish List for years. It's so cheap now that it's insulting, for such a great album to be bargain-binned out like this.
This album exists on a tape that was so beloved that even my good buddy Nate talks about it. One side had this album, the other had the Promise Ring's Nothing Feels Good.   I still don't know the full lyrics to “Evaporated,” because the song always cut off during one of the “oh God, what have I doooone” lines. It always trips me up.
Whatever and Ever Amen also has “Brick,” the biggest Ben Folds song until “Landed” became an unlikely 2005 hit. I go back and forth about finding out the origins of lyrics to my favorite songs. One side of the coin is that knowing The Sunset Tree is heavily autobiographical makes it even more powerful of an album—the best of the Mountain Goats catalog, in my opinion. On the other hand, songs like “Brick” make me not want to compare the narrative to real life events; maybe I'm stupid and that's why I didn't know what he was getting at in the song, but really, I think it's more that the song can mean a lot of things and I hate singing it and thinking of what it's supposed to be about.
I remember that moment in 1997 when this album and this band was everywhere. It spread around campus so quickly, seemingly coming out of every dorm room that fall of my sophomore year of college. Musical theater majors would bring the house down by covering “Selfless, Cold, and Composed.” My closest friend would baffle me by being someone who listened to them when he was still in high school. I wonder if bands can do this anymore; are there albums that just blow up like that now, or is it all just singles and Gaga and BitTorrent on campuses now?
I'll always love this one. “Kate” will forever make me laugh about using the words “cake” or “Nate” instead; “Battle of Who Could Care Less” will always be catchy as hell; and this will always, always be one of the best albums ever to sing along to in the car. And that needs to be the barometer for more good albums: driving away, wind in your hair, friends singing along, who the hell cares where we are driving?
***
One album a day says it better in three words: "plonky piano pleasure"
Read part of a 1997 review of the album on my new "reviews from when they came out" tumblr
SEVEN DAYS OF THE NEW MOUNTAIN GOATS ALBUM: DAYS SIX AND SEVEN
"1 Samuel 15:23," the first track on the Life of the World to Come, exemplifies what we stand to lose in the age of digital music.


|
|||||||||
| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
| Interface Summary | |
|---|---|
| MarsTool | Interface for any tool that interacts with an executing MIPS program. |
| Class Summary | |
|---|---|
| AbstractMarsToolAndApplication | An abstract class that provides generic components to facilitate implementation of a MarsTool and/or stand-alone Mars-based application. |
| BHTableModel | Simulates the actual functionality of a Branch History Table (BHT). |
| BHTEntry | Represents a single entry of the Branch History Table. |
| BHTSimGUI | Represents the GUI of the BHT Simulator Tool. |
| BHTSimulator | A MARS tool for simulating branch prediction with a Branch History Table (BHT) |
| BitmapDisplay | Bitmapp display simulator. |
| CacheSimulator | A data cache simulator. |
| DigitalLabSim | |
| FloatRepresentation | Tool to help students learn about IEEE 754 representation of 32 bit floating point values. |
| InstructionCounter | Instruction counter tool. |
| InstructionStatistics | A MARS tool for obtaining instruction statistics by instruction category. |
| IntroToTools | The "hello world" of MarsTools! |
| KeyboardAndDisplaySimulator | Keyboard and Display Simulator. |
| MarsBot | Simple Demo of Mars tool capability |
| MemoryReferenceVisualization | Memory reference visualization. |
| ScavengerHunt | Demo of Mars tool capability. |
| ScreenMagnifier | Handy little tool to magnify a selected section of the screen by a given scale and display it. |
|
|||||||||
| PREV PACKAGE NEXT PACKAGE | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


{{#partial "page"}}
It all began after our founders Peter and Pennie proudly became parents of triplets. Their newborns were constantly fussy, colicky, sleeping uncomfortably - all in all, basically unhappy babies. Being healthy, diet aware parents themselves, Peter decided to start research on the formulas they were feeding their babies. What they discovered was astonishing! The ingredients (in formulas which are made in the United States) were something an adult should not consume themselves, let alone a one month old baby!
They scoured the internet for the healthiest alternative but struggled to find a solution.  “Why would we ever feed our children anything with ingredients not even close to organic?”
After looking everywhere to try and find a reliable source sold in the U.S., they stumbled upon certain brands of European formula that were highly recommended and praised by parents online. They imported a couple boxes of formula and fed it to their triplets. What happened next was a miracle. They were no longer colicky but also content and slept straight through each night! Happy, peaceful and joyful - the way babies should be. They called it their “miracle formula” - a potion of happiness!
We are sure you’re here for the same reasons and can happily tell you the wait is over. Your baby will begin to shine and the happiness that comes from this will allow you to finally focus in a more positive, stress-free way! Watch and grow with us, as we add more products that also reach the same high quality standards we have set here at Organic Start.
You chose the best products, now choose the best seller.
Our pricing is always fair and we continue to grow and improve for you - to bring you better customer service and a better shopping experience.You won’t have to worry about ordering from suspicious companies or third-party sellers. Look no further as you have already found the best!
All orders are shipped directly from our warehouse in Las Vegas! Many areas in California, Nevada and Arizona receive orders in 1 day! We're always finding new ways to improve and provide a better service to our parents.
You can find us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Feel free to reach out on any social platform or contact us via our website.
Alternatively, you can always reach out to us directly...
Organic Start, Inc.


# extends 'base.html' # block header
Submit issues on GitHub.
Create a new project and start uploading crash reports using the crashReporter and the correct URL.
process.crash()
anywhere in your code.
Open a terminal, create a crash.log
file and upload it
using cURL
with the right upload URL that you can take
from project's upload URLs.
If you don't want to create a new project, use this one to test: GitHub.
echo 'Hello, world!' > crash.log
curl --form ver=ver \
--form platform=platform \
--form process_type=process_type \
--form guid=guid \
--form _version=_version \
--form _productName=_productName \
--form prod=prod \
--form _companyName=_companyName \
--form<EMAIL_ADDRESS>\
{{url_for('crash_create', project_id=5649391675244544, _external=True)}}


Provide Treatment
Free of cost treatment for wildlife animals
Raised
Goal
128260.00 ₩
242000.00 ₩
Animal Rights, Welfare, and Services
Animal Rights, Welfare, and Services charities include humane societies and veterinary services; no-kill shelters, organizations protecting animals from cruelty, exploitation and other abuses; and groups providing animal training and specialty services.
Raised
Goal
15930.00 ₩
25200.00 ₩
Wildlife Conservation
Wildlife Conservation includes fish, wildlife and bird refuges and sanctuaries, as well as groups researching wildlife protection and conservation around the globe.
Raised
Goal
97859.00 ₩
22500.00 ₩
Wildlife Rescue
Rescuing wildlife from odd environment
Raised
Goal
54890.00 ₩
154895.00 ₩
Care Centers
Care centers for animals who are endangered or otherwise disturbed.
Raised
Goal
54843.00 ₩
984598.00 ₩
Food for the Hungry
Supplying Food Services and basic necesities for the concerned animal center


Also Try: 25 Best Private Beaches in Dubai (Surprisingly Cheap!)
Destination spas are premier, refined, and unique to the point they are worthy of being a landmark destination of Dubai. Dubai’s destination spas are characterized by extreme luxury with a sense of modernity to the design and amenities. Your soothing massages, facials, pedicures, scrubs, and so much more will take place besides beautiful lagoon-style pools, lush gardens, or private chambers brilliantly designed to boost your relaxation.
Some offer you a soothing experience as you enjoy a breathtaking view of a sunset across Dubai’s skyline or a sunrise over the Arabian sea. At these Dubai spas, you will not see any flick of plain tiles or walls, no poolside will go unadorned by fine marble or designed plating, and no pillar will hang without a resemblance to the royal premise.
Essentially, each feature will be designed to specifically match a soothing mood and environment that will allow you to feel pampered in a luxury like never before; Destination spas have a 5/5 Dubaing Score.
Hammams are traditional spas that feature décor resembling chambers of royalty. And the treatment you get is not short of “royal treatment.” Dubai Hammams are designed with opulence, gold, fine marble, soothing art, and luxuriously styled pools, saunas, and Jacuzzis; you’ll have a real oasis experience.
Hammams sooth your body and invigorate a glow in your skin. They use a gentle heat to release your body’s toxins as a soothing scrub washes away dead skin. You will step out of a Hammam feeling soothed, relaxed, and happy.
The following Hammams have a 5/5 Dubaing Score; prices listed are average rates for the most popular packagesplease note that the pricing fluctuates as per seasonal demand.
An Ayurvedic spa builds off the traditional healing and relaxation practices of South Asia. Dubai has set the global standard of Ayuvedic spas. You will enter a moment of peace at Ayurvedic spas; the settings are calm, the air is wondrous (due to the burning sage), and the power of traditional Ayurveda will release your body’s tensions and allow you to feel gleeful.
The ingredients are organic, natural, and designed to help you relax as you get treatments including massages, reflexology, beauty cleanses, and much moreall designed to soothe, relax, and renew your body.
The following Ayurvedic spas have a 5/5 Dubaing Score; prices listed are average rates for the most popular packagesplease note that the pricing fluctuates as per seasonal demand.
Time and age are a bane to our skin. If you are in Dubai, take advantage of medical spas with a mission to restore your body’s glow and health. Medical spas combine licensed medical professionals with the soothing environment and exposure of a spa to bring you a medical experience like no other!
Aestheticians, physicians, plastic surgeons, and laser technicians develop custom and personalized beauty and wellness treatments just for you so that you leave Dubai with a new feeling of well-being in the ultimate feel-good experience.
The following Medical spas have a 5/5 Dubaing Score; prices listed are average rates for the most popular packagesplease note that the pricing fluctuates as per seasonal demand.
Traditional spas are the ones that offer the services you’d expect from a spa without the extraneous options offered by Medical, Ayurvedic, and Hammam spas. But the destination spas in Dubai are far from standardthese classify their own elite caliber by offering the most exclusive environment while offering world-class services.
The following Traditional spas have a 5/5 Dubaing Score; prices listed are average rates for the most popular packagesplease note that the pricing fluctuates as per seasonal demand.
If you are the owner or manager of a relevant business/institution and feel your business/institution has been overlooked, please contact us at Enquiry@Dubaing.ae


The lowest level API that fun4j provides is the functional assembler.
This assembler allows to build up AST representations of functions and compile them to Java bytecode,
implementing the org.fun4j.Function
interface.
I'll just cover the most basic stuff here, as most users will prefer to use the highlevel APIs.
Let's assume we want to write a Function that computes the powers of two of its input, that is f(x) => x*x
.
We will have to define a function Expression that performs an integer multiplication, taking the single variable x as both its arguments.
The AST expression for looking up the first local variable of a function invocation is new Var(0)
.
The AST expression for multiply is new Mul(exp1, exp2)
. Thus the Expression representing f(x) = x*x
becomes:
new Mul(new Var(0), new Var(0))
.
// org.fun4j.Template is the central facade to the fun4J API. // A default instance can be obtained by a static import: import static org.fun4j.Template.fun4j; // f(x) => x*x Expression expPower = new Mul(new Var(0), new Var(0));
This expression can then be compiled to a Function object and applied to an Integer to compute, say, powers of two of seven:
Function power = fun4j.compile(expPower, "power"); System.out.println(power.apply(7));
Here comes another simple example where we write a function that adds two values (f(x,y) = x + y
).
Expression expAdd = new Add(new Var(0), new Var(1)); Function add = fun4j.compile(expAdd, "add"); System.out.println(power.apply(add.apply(3, 4)));
That looks quite simple so far, didn't it? Now we want to see how recursive function can be implemented. So let's start with the 'Hello World' of recursion: the notorious factorial function:
factorial(0) = 1 factorial(n) = n * factorial(n - 1)
As an AST expression we can define this as follows:
Expression expFac = new If(new NumEq(new CstInt(0), new Var(0)), new CstInt(1), new Mul(new Var(0), new Recurse(new Sub1(new Var(0))))); Function fac = fun4j.compile(expFac, "fac"); System.out.println(fac.apply(5))
In this section we will have a look at higher-order functions.
As an example we take Summing from 0 to n
over a function fun
:
sum(0, fun) = fun(0) sum(n, fun) = fun(n) + sum(n-1, fun)
This can be defined as an AST Expression as follows:
Expression expSum = new If(new NumEq(new Var(0), new CstInt(0)), new Apply(new Var(1), new Var(0)), new Add(new Apply(new Var(1), new Var(0)), new Recurse(new Sub1(new Var(0)), new Var(1)))); Function sum = fun4j.compile(sum, "sum"); // id: f(x) => x Function id = fun4j.compile(new Var(0), "id"); // testing higher order functions, computing sum(x) and sum(x*x) System.out.println(sum.apply(100, id)); System.out.println(sum.apply(100, power));
Fun4j comes with support for optimization of tail recursive functions.
The compiler traverses AST graphs and looks for Recurse
expressions in tail-position.
If such an expression is found it is marked and instead of bytecode for a full recursive function call (including allocation of a new stack-frame)
bytecode is emitted that manipulates the current stack frame to contain the values for the next "recursive" call and executes the body of the function again.
If you want to see how this works in detail have a look at org.fun4j.compiler.expressions.Recurse.compile(MethodVisitor mv)
.
Now let's see how this works for a simple tail-recursive function that counts down from n to zero:
countdown(0) = 0 countdown(n) = countdown(n-1)
This function can be written as an AST Expression as follows:
Expression expCount = new If(new NumEq(new CstInt(0), new Var(0, "n")), new CstInt(0), new Recurse(new Sub1(new Var(0, "n"))));
On compilation the compiler will detect that the Recurse expression is in a tail position.
(Compare this to the Recurse expressions in expSum
and expFac
that are not in tail positions but nested into Add
and Mul
expressions.)
Now let's see if it really works:
Function count = fun4j.compile(expCount, "count"); // this would cause a stack overflow without tail call optimization: count.apply(1000000);
These are the basics about the AST assembler. As we have seen, this Assembler can be used to compile functional expressions into efficient Java bytecode.
The fun4j Lisp compiler pre-compiles lambda-terms into AST Expressions and gets them compiled into Java Bytecode
in the way we have studied in the previous examples.
Have a closer look at org.fun4j.compiler.Parser
and org.fun4j.compiler.Compiler
to see how straight-forward this works.

I'm happy that you did not quit reading somewhere en route but have studied all these rather dry examples with so much patience. Thanks a lot for your interest! If you have further questions or suggestions don't hesitate to contact me.


As I was trying to write an ISO to a USB drive, I wanted to see the progress when
using the ‘dd’ command line tool. I found a quick pointer on StackOverflow to use
the ‘pv’ command, so I adapted a little to use on a Mac. This will also serve
as a guide on how to write ISOs on Mac. Here’s how:
Install pv with homebrew: brew install pv
Find your USB drive with diskutil list. Should be pretty easy to spot the
USB drive as it will be smaller than the other disks. Tread lightly though, don’t
mess with your hard drive. I’ll use /dev/disk3, as that’s what my command returned.
Unmount it with diskutil unmountDisk /dev/disk3.
Become root with sudo su
Write your iso with this general layout, substituting paths where necessary:
dd if=/path/to/your.iso | pv | dd of=/dev/disk3 bs=1024k.
As part of a new job I’m taking, I wanted to learn more about image building
for Openstack and other virtual environments. I’ve done it by hand for the customized
OSes at my old job, but I haven’t had the chance to explore any automated solutions.
I was pointed to Packer as a tool to build several different images at the same time (and automatically). It sounds like a great project and I’m going to use this post to
get up to speed with using the basics. One quick caveat from the outset is that
I’m not going to use Amazon at first. I’ll be running against my home Openstack lab
since it’s free and a good excuse to get my homelab back in order.
Install Packer
I’ve got a shiny new Macbook, and installing Packer was actually really easy.
The way I did it depended on homebrew, but you can also install manually from
from their docs here.
In terminal, ensure that you have homebrew setup by issuing brew.
Add the necessary tap with brew tap homebrew/binary.
Finally, install packer with brew install packer.
You can test it’s installed by simply issuing packer in the terminal.
Get Openstack Ready
I run an all-in-one deployment of RDO Openstack at home. Obviously, there’s a
million different ways to deploy, but here
and here
are the pieces that I followed. It’s important to note that in my lab, instances
come alive on a private network, then get access to my router’s <IP_ADDRESS>/24 block
via floating IPs. This will come in to play a bit later with the Packer template.
Get a known good image into Glance by importing one of the big distros. I used
the Ubuntu 14.04 LTS image found here. You can just put that link into Glance’s import dialog. My final dialog looked like this:
Take note of the new image’s UUID, we’ll need that later:
Write Packer Template
Okay, time to get busy. Let’s write a template for Packer to create an image list.
We’ll need to gather some info first.
Get your keystone info by catting out your keystonerc file. For me, this was
cat keystonerc_admin. Some info below has been changed to protect the innocent.
Create a new json file somewhere on your machine. I simply called mine packer_template.
There’s a lot of options for Openstack in Packer (found here). Some of this will
vary by the way your particular Openstack deployment is set up, but for me, this
template contains all of the necessary basic fields:
Notes about what’s what:
username & password: Map to OS_USERNAME and OS_PASSWORD from source file
provider: Maps to OS_AUTH_URL
region: Maps to OS_REGION_NAME
source image: UUID of the Ubuntu image we talked about earlier
flavor: UUID of my m1.tiny flavor. Beware, this changes on any flavor update!
networks: UUID of my private network. Can be an array of several networks.
use_floating_ip: As mentioned earlier, floating IP allows Packer to actually
SSH to this server across my home network.
Test Time!
Let’s see if this thing will actually create an image for us.
Save your template if you haven’t already.
Validate the template to make sure there aren’t any glaring errors with
packer validate NAME_OF_TEMPLATE.json. This should return the text
‘Template validated successfully.’
Run the template with packer build NAME_OF_TEMPLATE.json. For me, this
gave the following output when everything completely worked:
Nice! Seemed to work. Now if we head out to the Glance UI, we can see that our
shiny new image hanging out!
Well, Now What?
So we’ve built an image with Packer, which is great. But the real value here comes
with building on multiple platforms at the same time and also doing some provisioning
to install the necessities before creating the image.
This tutorial is getting pretty long in the tooth, so I’m not going to add another provider to create an image on, but I do want to actually install something to actually change something about the image. Let’s install Apache as part of the
build. Note that in a proper environment, we would probably just install Apache
and we would let our config manangement tool handle deploying our webpage, since
that’s the kind of thing we would want to checkout from version control at boot
time.
So, I ran into a need to scan some files for viruses on Ubuntu this past week. However, a couple of things prevented this from being straight forward:
I couldn’t be sure where these files were being stored.
I didn’t want to scan the entire filesystem just to get at these few files.
So I went out looking for a way to scan only new files with clamscan. After a good bit of digging, I ran across this old thread where someone had a similar question. So after getting a pointer there, I was able to make this happen. Here is the way to do it:
Install ClamAV
Issue sudo apt-get install clamav to get the freshclam and clamscan commands.
Update the virus definitions with a sudo freshclam. This will take a few seconds the first time.
Get Ya Find Right
Now this took a bit of playing around with to get where I wanted. I wanted to find all files of a certain type that had been created or modified in the past week. There’s also some differences to note about mtime vs. ctime vs. atime as a flag for find. Linux-FAQs.info did a good job of explaining these differences:
For my purposes, I wanted EVERYTHING that had changed, so that pointed to using the ctime flag. For a first test, I just wanted to see how many items find would return. I was able to do that by issuing (edited to look for .md files, just for laughs): sudo find / -name "*.md" -ctime -7 -type f | wc -l. That command simply returns the number 5 on my machine at the time of writing. Let’s not pipe it out to wc so we can see those files:
Note: You’ll have to do almost everything with ClamAV as root user. Also, you can change the number of days to scan for by changing the ‘-7’ portion of the command.
Okay, slightly more interesting, and now we know what we’re working with. Let’s move on…
Enter Xargs
Using xargs was a first for me as part of this little endeavor. It’s a really handy tool to add to the toolbox! If you’ve ever tried to run a bash command like rm * and received an error like “Argument list too long”, xargs is the answer to your problems. It takes the argument list and breaks it down into smaller pieces. It’ll then run subsequent commands with each sublist. For the purposes of what I was doing initally, there were about 7,000 files to scan, xargs was able to break those up into two scans of ~3,000 files and one scan of ~1,000. Worked great!
Here’s the final command that I used:
The –remove flag just means that if a vulnerability is found in that file, delete the file immediately.
the –log flag sets the path of the log file that clamscan will write. You will need to do this for sure if you have lots of files to scan, because several scan summaries will be written to this file.
After running, the log file will look something like this:
After part one of this tutorial, we have a development environment setup that’s ready for us to really start making some headway in getting a presentable blog up and running. In this tutorial, I’ll show how I plugged Bootstrap’s example blog theme into my site and also guide through creating a first post.
Create A Default Layout
First, we’ll want to get our code syntax highligting to work. Create a CSS file in the root of your Github repo called pygments.css by issuing: pygmentize -S default -f html > pygments.css
Note: This step may not be necessary for everyone, but I’ll be including a call to pygments.css in the next step. So if you’re following along step-by-step, it may be worth going ahead and doing this.
Let’s create a default template for all of our pages to use. This is where the special folders that we created in the last tutorial come into play. Change into the _layouts directory and open a file called default.html for editing. I’ve created a basic template that imports the necessary CSS and Javascript files for the Bootstrap example blog. I’m relying on the public URLs for those imports; however, if you want to ensure that they are always functional, you’ll want to download these files manually and import them from a path inside your repo. Add the following to the default.html file:
Edit The Index Page
Let’s tell our index.html page to use our snazzy new layout. Edit your index.html page to look like the following:
Note: The YAML at the top of this page allows us to specify certain behavior from page to page. For example, we’re telling this page to load our default template. However, if we created another template called foo later on in the future, we could simply change the layout variable to point to the new foo layout.
Refresh the localhost:4000 page in your browser and you should see the new layout load, along with all of the site info that we entered in _config.yml in the last tutorial.
Looks good! Now, we’d rather the index page say something other than “Hello, World”. In fact, we want the first thing that people see to be a list of all of the highly interesting and potentially life changing posts that we’ll be making as our blogging continues. Let’s now edit our index.html to look like the following:
This tells Jekyll to run a for-loop before displaying the index.html page. As this loop runs, a div is created for each blog post, along with some info about the post (author, date, etc.). It also truncates the post to 40 words and provides a link to read the full text. A refresh will be pretty blank right now, as there’s not any posts and it looks a bit silly. Let’s create a dummy post to fill things out a bit.
Create A Post
Creating a post is a bit of pretty cool black magic on Jekyll’s side. It expects a specific type of filename and reside in the _posts directory. So let’s create a file named like YEAR-MONTH-DAY-TITLE.md. At the time of this writing, I’m issuing touch 2014-09-07-hello-post-world.md.
Inside that file, we’ll add some YAML configuration to the top to tell it some info about layout, title, and author. Edit the file to look like this and feel free to the author and text to whatever you wish:
Refresh the localhost:4000 page and you’ll see your first post appear!
Nice! Until you click the “Read More” or the title of the post. There’s no posts.html in _layouts, which is what we specified at the top of our file just a second ago. We can’t really use the default layout we created, because it’s missing a couple of things like post title and a back button that we’d want on single posts, but not on the main page.
Create A Layout For Posts
Create a file called posts.html and place it in the _layouts directory. Populate the file with the following:
Now, let’s click on a link to our post and see it in all of it’s glory!
Closing
Well, that’s pretty much it for how I created my new blog. Now is probably a good time to push all of this to Github and ensure it works properly if you’re following along with these instructions. I hope this has been a helpful write-up and I’m sure I’ll document other cool stuff that I run into as I learn to use Jekyll more effectively. It’s now up to you to create lots and lots of posts on your own blog!
As I wrote previously, I wanted to learn to use Github Pages to build a new blog and start keeping track of my personal projects and ideas. However, in getting started, I noticed that there really wasn’t a straightforward way to move from Github’s quick and dirty tutorial to actually creating a useful blog. There’s some tools like Jekyll Bootstrap, but it seems like it’s been a while since it has been updated. So after combing through a lot of other people’s pages and some Jekyll tutorials, I was finally able to get something presentable up and running. I figured I’d share the overall process I used as a first series of posts, in case someone else finds it useful.
This first post will center around getting a development environment setup and creating a “Hello, World!” type page to demonstrate the basics. So without further ado…
This guide assumes a standard Ubuntu installation and a pre-existing Github account.
Create Our Github Page
First, we’ll want to create an empty repo out on Github. The naming here is quite important, so for a personal blog, you’ll want to name it like GITHUB_USERNAME.github.io. So login to Github and click “+ New Repository”. My repo info looked like this:
Now, let’s clone our repo locally. This should be as simple as a git clone https://github.com/USERNAME/USERNAME.github.io.git in some place that you’re comfortable with. If you change into that directory, you’ll see it’s currently empty, unless you created a README or LICENSE file as part of your repo creation.
Note: If you don’t have git installed, issue sudo apt-get install git to install.
Install The Basics
Let’s grab some packages we need to serve our site locally. This will be useful when writing posts, so you don’t have to push to Github constantly just to see what it looks like. Issue sudo apt-get install ruby ruby1.9.1-dev python-pip.
We’ll need a Javascript parser and the Jekyll gem, so get NodeJS and Jekyll from rubygems: sudo gem install node jekyll
This step is optional for some, but I needed syntax highlighting for code blocks. So install the Pygments package for Python: sudo pip install Pygments
Create Our Folder Structure
There’s a certain folder structure that Jekyll looks for in your repo. For example, all posts must live in the ‘_posts’ folder and must be titled like YEAR-MONTH-DAY-TITLE.FORMAT. To help understand, the title of this post is 2014-09-06-creating-a-blog-1.md. Anyways, I wanted to get up and running with the absolute basic amount of stuff needed in my repo so here’s what seemed to work.
Change into your repo directory in a terminal. Create two directories, _layouts and _posts. They must be named exactly that, including the underscore at the front. Issue mkdir _layouts _posts
Let’s also touch a couple of files that we’ll use later on. Issue touch _config.yml index.html
Configure The Site
We could probably do this part much later in the tutorial, but let’s go ahead and put some basic info about our site in the _config.yml file. Feel free to edit these fields to your liking, with the exception of the ‘highlighter’ option. That is for our code highlighting.
Test Our Local Server
Now, what’s a tutorial without a “Hello, World!” portion? Let’s go ahead and edit index.html to say that. The “Hello, World!” text should be the only thing in the file.
In the root of your repo, let’s tell Jekyll to server our pages so we can see if everything works. Issue jekyll serve --watch. The watch flag will monitor the repo for changed files and regenerate automatically, so you don’t have to start/stop the process. However, I’ve noticed that’s not the case for certain files, namely _config.yml. Your terminal should look something like this when you start the process:
Open the address http://localhost:4000 in a browser and you should see your “Hello, World!” text. Neat!
Check It Out On Github
Okay, so we’ve got our first official page. How do we get that out to Github? Turns out, it’s really easy, because we’ve already got everything laid out just right locally.
Add all of our files to be commited: git add --all
Commit them with a helpful message: git commit -m "Committing basic folder structure and Hello World page."
Push it to Github: git push origin master
Give it a few seconds, and you should see your new page at your USERNAME.github.io address:
Closing
That’s it for part one of this tutorial. We’ve now got a development environment setup and know how to push our pages to Github. In part two, we’ll explore how to use Bootstrap to setup a blog layout and create some custom layout pages so that our site looks clean and user friendly.


Established in the year , we were the first to Of Paris Bandages B.P (P.O.P Bandages) in Gujarat -
The entire technology involved in manufacturing has been conceptualized, designed and made by us which notonly produces economic versality. Recognizing this achievement the Government of Gujarat, as a special case, conferred the authority of manufacturing chemist on Shri. Bhupendra Makim, one of our partners, who is an engineer by qualification.
Currently, we supply our bandages under thebrand name of MEDICAST to several individual Doctors, Hospitals, Several Government agencies (through tenders) as well as merchant exporters. We are also capable of manufacturing customsized P.O.P Bandages under custom brand names (pre-dominantly used for export).


This domain is established to be used for illustrative examples in documents. You do not need to coordinate or ask for permission to use this domain in examples, and it is not available for registration.
This domain is established to be used for illustrative examples in documents. You do not need to coordinate or ask for permission to use this domain in examples, and it is not available for registration.
This domain is established to be used for illustrative examples in documents. You do not need to coordinate or ask for permission to use this domain in examples, and it is not available for registration.
This domain is established to be used for illustrative examples in documents. You do not need to coordinate or ask for permission to use this domain in examples, and it is not available for registration.
Use this space to demo copying and pasting content. Red rectangles indicate anchor tags have copied.


module Insn: sig
.. end
Assembly instruction.
type
t = insn
type
op = Op.t
include Bap.Std.Regular
val name : t -> string
returns backend specific name of instruction
val asm : t -> string
target-specific assembler string representing the instruction
val bil : t -> bil
returns BIL program specifying instruction semantics
val ops : t -> op array
instruction operands
Instruction predicates
val is_jump : t -> bool
is_jump
true
for all jumps
val is_conditional_jump : t -> bool
is_conditional
true
for conditional jumps
val is_unconditional_jump : t -> bool
is_unconditional
iff is_jump && not is_conditional_jump
val is_indirect_jump : t -> bool
is_indirect_jump
true
if it is indirect
val is_call : t -> bool
is_call
is true
for all call instructions
val is_return : t -> bool
is_return
true
for returns
val may_affect_control_flow : t -> bool
may_affect_control_flow
is true if it may affect control flow.
«may» stays for the fact, that it «may not» affect.
val has_side_effect : t -> bool
has_side_effect
is true
if instruction may load or store
val may_load : t -> bool
may_load
is true if instruction may load data from memory
val may_store : t -> bool
may_store
is true if instruction may store data to memory
val pp_adt : t printer
pp_adt
prints instruction in ADT format, suitable for reading
by evaluating in many languages, e.g. Python, Js, etc
module Trie: sig
.. end
Prefix Tree
This module provides a trie data structure where a sequence of
instructions is used as a key (and an individual instruction
as a token).
val of_basic : ?bil:bil -> Disasm_expert.Basic.full_insn -> t
Creating
The following functions will create insn
instances from a lower
level representation.


Hide That Number
问题描述 :
According to Wikipedia, Cryptography is “the practice and study of hiding information” and this is exactly what Alex is looking for. Ever since he was a kid, Alex was paranoid over someone laying their hands on his phone book. He decided that he must write the numbers in some secret way that only he can decipher. At first he tried quite complex algorithms, but that slowed him down when he needed to dial a number fast. He finally came up with the following algorithm: Rather than writing down the number itself, Alex would shift the number one place to the left (as if multiplying it by 10,) then adding the shifted number to the original. For example, if the phone number was 123, Alex would add 1230 to it, resulting in 1353. To make what he writes looks as a regular phone number, Alex truncates the result (from the left,) so that it has as many digits as the original phone number. In this example, Alex writes 353 instead of 123 in his phone book.
Alex needs a program to print the original phone number given what is written in his phone book. Alex, who by the way is a good friend of Johnny, isn’t that good in arithmetic. It is quite possible that the numbers are messed up. The program should print "IMPOSSIBLE" (without the quotes) if the original number cannot be computed.
输入:
Your program will be tested on one or more test cases. Each case is specified on a separate line and is made of a single positive number having less than 1,000,000 digits.
The last line of the input file is made of a single zero.
输出:
For each test case, output the result on a single line using the following format:
k. result
Where k is the test case number (starting at 1).
样例输入:
353 9988 123456 0
样例输出:
1. 123 2. IMPOSSIBLE 3. 738496
解题代码:
import java.io.BufferedReader; import java.io.IOException; import java.io.InputStreamReader; public class Main { public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException { BufferedReader read = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader( System.in)); int num = 1; int flg, tt, last; while (true) { char[] c = read.readLine().toCharArray(); if (c.length == 1 && c[0] == '0') { break; } last = c[c.length - 1]; flg = 0; for (int j = c.length - 2; j >= 0; j--) { tt = c[j] - last; if (flg + tt < 0) { c[j] = (char) ('0' + flg + tt + 10); flg = -1; } else { c[j] = (char) ('0' + flg + tt); flg = 0; } last = c[j]; } if (c[0] != '0') { System.out.println(num + ". " + String.valueOf(c)); } else { System.out.println(num + ". IMPOSSIBLE"); } num++; } } }
此题的样例描述不正确
程序员会算法，等于一个古惑仔带了zhi抢啊
在第 18行的，while(scanf("%d %dn", &n, &c), n)，这句有错吧
很棒的网站，加油！⛽
顺利测试通过了，多谢
博主的C++功底真是好
#pragma pack(2) 这个用法太坑爹
这个 。。。。不是动态规划吧？
不错
刚开始学习，为啥会报错了
不对吧 你算的an是前面说有的项的和
程序只能输出一个子序列
已经挂掉了，给个参考呗


Themes
- The editor has received a complete UI overhaul, bringing in theme support.
- Use the menu in the upper right of the window to change your theme.
- By popular demand, included are a few Dark Mode variants.
General
- "throw" intelligence added. This type of AI actively attempts to lose.
- Setting added to hide images in the sidebar to allow for less conspicuous line writing. (Setup menu > General)
- The setup menu is now accessible from the new action toolbar in the upper right of the main window via the Gear button.
- Character selection now displays how long since a character was updated as well as their offline/incomplete status.
Tags
- Hovering over a tag's name will now show a more detailed description about what the tag means.
Quick Reference
- A quick reference has been added to the sidebar, accessible via the Reference button. This area contains helpful information at a glance while writing lines.
- Initially this includes all tags and their definitions, but more types of reference material may be added in the future.
Dialogue
-
Added the ability to specify different poses for each stage for a line of dialogue within a case. For example, if you want to say "Hi!" in stages 0-5 with pose "happy" and "Hi!" in stage 6 with pose "mad", you can now use a single case and give stage 6 an override pose by clicking the double arrow next to the pose selection dropdown.
As a result, upon saving you may see a few lines shuffle around within a case, and duplicate lines with different poses within the same case will be deleted. If this change in behavior with not allowing duplicate lines in the same case really bothers you, complain on Discord.
- The Case Tree has received a face lift in an effort to better organize cases. If you don't like the column layout, you can switch back to the old style in Setup > Dialogue. Green coloring for targeting lines was also removed, but you can re-enable it in the Setup.
- Items in the case tree will update immediately now when conditions change. The trade off is somewhat slower saves.
- For cases that span multiple stages, you can now choose which stage the preview image uses instead of always using the earliest stage. Right-click a stage's checkbox to activate it as the preview. This setting does not persist between cases.
- Added a speed button for a ~player~ variable test (Game > Player Name).
- Added conditions for testing what place a character is in based on who has the most layers remaining, and for comparing the layer difference between two players.
- A Player speed menu has been added containing conditions for checking information about any particular player. These conditions take a player, which can be either "self", the case's target, or a specific character.
- Cases can now be assigned a custom label and/or color to appear in the case tree for that case, making it easier to tell at a glance which case is what.
- Respond to This now opens in a tab instead of a popup. Hopefully this avoids the issue with Mac where the popup would get stuck open.
- The marker button in the dialogue grid now has a tooltip showing the marker's value if there is one.
- Tweaked the sorting order of cases to better group similar cases.
- Variable tests on ~clothing~ now provide an autocomplete list of all clothing in the game so you know whether anyone actually uses that clothing.
- A "Sort by Priority" button has been added to the case tree, which will force a resort on all cases that have been added since last time.
- Added options to play a case or individual line from a case once per game. For entire cases, use Self > Play Once. For individual lines, the option is under the line's ... menu.
- Removed the hard error about unrecognized variables in dialogue. Unrecognized variables will still appear during validation, but you won't be preventing from saving a line with one.
- You can now provide multiple sets of conditions for the same case. The case will play if any set of conditions is met. Previously to play a set of lines when either condition A is met or condition B is met, you would need to duplicate the case. Now, click +OR in the conditions area of a case to add a new condition set. Each set will get is own tab.
Macros
- Macros can now be added to a specific speed Menu rather than just the Macros menu. They will appear alphabetized at the bottom of that menu.
- Use Tools > Manage Macros to assign menus to your existing macros.
- The Macro Editor now has all the same conditions as the main dialogue editor. Previously shortcuts for variable tests (ex. Costume) were not included.
Recipes
- Get your dialogue cooking by using recipes!
- Use the flask in the Case Tree to quickly create a case for interesting game situations with the appropriate conditions already filled in.
- Example recipes include: Losing the first hand, first instance of nudity in the game, final hand of the game, and more.
- Create your own recipes using Tools > Manage Recipes. Recipes are stored in %appdata%/SPNATI/Recipes. You can share your own recipes with other creators who merely have to plug your recipe files into that folder for them to become available. Or, if you've cooked up something really special, consider submitting it to become a default recipe in the editor.
Advanced Metadata
- Added "Z Layer" and "Speech bubble position" options for customizing character layering along with speech bubble layering relative to the pose.
- Added nickname support. A nickname is what your character will call another character when using ~name~ instead of their actual name.
- Added support for custom text formatting. This lets you add effects to text (colors, underlines, strikethrough, and so on). Please be judicious in usage and not make things fancy just to look cool.
Line Importer
- A "Line Importer" tab has been added to the character workspace for importing lines created in the game's dev mode.
Collectibles
- Collectibles are no longer sorted by ID. Use the up and down arrows to sort a character's collectibles to your tastes.
Epilogue Editor
- The setup menu now contains an Epilogues tab where you can configure which directive types to automatically add a "Wait for Input" directive after. For instance, you can make it automatically add a user pause whenever you add a speech bubble.
Markers
- Added a Delete button to each row to be consistent with the dialogue table.
Situations
- Added a Delete button to each row to be consistent with the dialogue table.
Pose Maker
- Added a "Reload Assets" button to immediately load sprites from disk so that changes to image files are reflected in the editor without requiring a restart.
- Added a button to the sprite header for changing its initial image in order to make changing out images a little faster.
- Double-clicking a sprite's header will now select its first keyframe for quicker access to animated properties.
- Added a Name field to the Create Sequence wizard.
- Added an "Export to GIF" button to make it easier to post poses on Discord for feedback. Note that you'll likely get better compression using a dedicated program like ScreenToGif.
- Clicking Create Sequence on a previously created sequence will now let you add frames or change the delay between frames.
Pose Lists
- Selecting a row in a pose list will now show the image, if available, in the main sidebar preview.
- Added a "Copy Cropping Info" button for quickly copying the L,R,T,B values from one pose to one or more others in the same list.
- Added an "Open Folder" button for opening the character's folder in Explorer.
- Screenshots tab is now available in alternate skin workspaces
Pose Usage
- New chart in the character workspace for getting a high-level overview of the frequency of usage of each pose name broken down by stage.
Line Slicer
- New reporting tool in the character workspace for getting a high-level overview of conditions used with your character's lines. See the Help files for more details.
Banter Wizard
- The Banter Wizard now offers the same options as the Writing Aid when writing a line. You can accept the response, discard it, or open it in the main dialogue editor.
- When creating a new response, the full case editor is also now available in the Banter Wizard rather than just the lines portion, allowing you to tweak the conditions of the case as needed.
Character-Specific Editor Configuration
- Added a Configuration tab to the character workspace for configuring the editor per-character rather than per-user.
- You can now specify multiple image prefixes to exclude from pose image dropdowns for a particular character. This applies in addition to the global prefix filter found in the Setup form.
- Unlike the global setting, character-specific filters will apply for anyone who opens the character in their editor.
Validation
- Added collectible validation for broken images and unused collectibles.
- Added validation for Saying Text conditions where the target never says that text.
- Removed validation warning when targeting offline or incomplete opponents.
Charts
- Added a Clothing Frequency chart which lists out the names of clothing most commonly used across characters. This is helpful for knowing what types of clothing to target in a variable test.
Help Files
- The help files have been finally brought up to date.
Crash Reports
- In the event of a crash, the editor will now create a .ZIP file containing the crash details along with screenshots of the last ten clicks that occurred within the program. This ZIP can aid in troubleshooting the source of a crash so that it can be fixed more quickly. These screenshots only record the Character Editor window and nothing else from your desktop. Regardless, if you do not wish for screenshots to be recorded, you can disable this feature from the Settings screen.
Bug Fixes
- Respond to This popup can now be resized.
- Copying a sprite across poses will no longer append "(copy)" the ID if it's already unique.
- Pasting or duplicating a sprite now auto-selects the new sprite.
- Fixed issue where using variables in dialogue that come from a Filter (+) condition would complain about the variable being invalid.
- Variables defined in a Filter (+) condition now appear in Intellisense.
- Fixed issue where using the ID "fade" or "camera" in a "stop" epilogue directive would get you stuck in the ID field.
- Fixed issue where the pose preview wouldn't update when clicking a new case.
- Fixed issue with eyelashes not importing from Kisekae.
- Fixed the issue with the shift key getting stuck on by removing the ability to delete dialogue lines by clicking the row header and pressing Delete.
- Fixed crash when closing Mavis' workspace after entering the Pose Maker.
- Speech arrow locations are no longer restricted to 0-100%
- Unrecognized elements in meta.xml and collectibles.xml will now be preserved, to help make new features less reliant on an up-to-date editor.
- Fixed issue where filters weren't determining equivalence properly, causing cases to inappropriately merge.
- Fixed help text for the collectible Counter field.
- Fixed issue where images used by collectibles were reported in the validator as unused.
- Leading or trailing whitespace is now trimmed from markers.
- Sprites are now automatically selected when added in the pose maker.
- Fixed an issue where find/replace would stop working in stage view after a few results.
- ~ is now auto-stripped from filter variables to reduce confusion about whether they're supposed to have them or not.
- Fixed issue where two cases with the same conditions but different priorities would merge when saved.
- Fixed crash when clearing the Base Height field of a Pose Marker pose.
- Removed dead link about the long-retired Dialogue Tester in the help files.
- Fixed issue where recent females would appear when targeting a male case and vice versa.
- Fixed issues where punctuation typos with variables like
~player!~
would not be flagged as invalid.
- Fixed issue where saving while focus is in a cell on the wardrobe editor would not save that cell's new value.
- Fixed crash when clearing out a Pose Maker pose's ID field.
- Fixed crash when deleting an ending.
- Fixed crash when accessing the Characters menu after using a macro with an empty Target or Also Playing field.
- Fixed issue where responding to a case that uses Not Said Marker with lines that set the same marker would produce a response that is impossible to trigger.
- Fixed issue where responding to a "Must masturbate, first to do so", wouldn't guarantee that the response triggers only for the first to do so.
- Fixed issue where responding to a chest or crotch reveal on an opponent that has no important items would not create a response of the right case type.
- Importing all poses where one or more use image attachments will now ask for all the unrecognized attachments up front to avoid a crash.
- Columns that are too wide to fit in the search lookup (e.g. recipes) now have tooltips to show the full text.
- Fixed issue where adding a case for a post-naked phase on a character with fewer than 8 layers would adding the case to the wrong stage (ex. finished would go to the masturbating stage, masturbating would go to the naked stage, etc.)
- Fixed issue where creating a response for a case you already created a response to would create a new case.
- Fixed issue where responding to a Game Over (Defeat) case that is targeting your character (meaning your character was the winner) would make a Game Over (Defeat) case instead of a Game Over (Victory).
- Clothing now saves to the name attribute instead of lowercase.


This app is split into 2 sections:
(*) oxd-java is a java lib that facilitates authentication of users against an OpenID Connect identity provider such as Gluu Server.


Takes a select ! Results are available in the hidden select thru change event
Chosen items from the select :
Actions


Congratulations! You have just created your first fault-resilient Akka application, nice job!
Let's start with an overview and discuss the problem we want to solve. This tutorial application demonstrates the use of Akka supervision hierarchies to implement reliable systems. This particular example demonstrates a calculator service that calculates arithmetic expressions. We will visit each of the components shortly, but you might want to take a quick look at the components before we move on.
Our service deals with arithmetic expressions on integers involving addition, multiplication and (integer) division. In Expression.scala you can see a very simple model of these kind of expressions.
Any arithmetic expression is a descendant of Expression
, and
have a left and right side (Const
is the only exception)
which is also an Expression
.
For example, the expression (3 + 5) / (2 * (1 + 1)) could be constructed as:
Divide(
Add(
Const(3),
Const(5)
), // (3 + 5)
Multiply(
Const(2),
Add(
Const(1),
Const(1)
) // (1 + 1)
) // (2 * (1 + 1))
) // (3 + 5) / (2 * (1 + 1))
Apart from the encoding of an expression and some pretty printing, our model does not provide other services, so lets move on, and see how we can calculate the result of such expressions.
Our entry point is the ArithmeticService actor that accepts arithmetic
expressions, calculates them and returns the result to the original
sender of the Expression
.This
logic is implemented in the receive
block. The actor
handles Expression
messages and starts a worker for them,
carefully recording which worker belongs to which requester in the
pendingWorkers
map.
Who calculates
the expression? As you see, on the reception of an
Expression
message we create a FlakyExpressionCalculator
actor and pass the expression as a parameter to its Props
.
What happens here is that we delegate the calculation work to a worker
actor because the work can be "dangerous". After the worker
finishes its job, it replies to its parent (in this
case ArithmeticService
) with a Result
message. At this point the top level service actor looks up which
actor it needs to send the final result to, and forwards it the value
of the computation.
At first, it might feel strange that we don't calculate the result directly but we delegate it to a new actor. The reason for that, is that we want to treat the calculation as a dangerous task and isolate its execution in a different actor to keep the top level service safe.
In our example we will see two kinds of failures
FlakinessException
is a dummy exception that we throw
randomly to simulate transient failures. We will assume that
flakiness is temporary, and retrying the calculation is enough to
eventually get rid of the failure.
ArithmeticException
that will not
go away no matter how many times we retry the task. Division by zero
is a good example, since it indicates that the expression is
invalid, and no amount of attempts to calculate it again will fix
it.
To handle these kind of failure modes differently we customized the
supervisor strategy of ArithmeticService. Our strategy here
is to restart the child when a recoverable error is detected (in our
case the dummy FlakinessException
), but when arithmetic
errors happen — like division by zero — we have no hope to recover
and therefore we stop the worker. In addition,
we have to notify the original requester of the calculation job
about the failure.
We used OneForOneStrategy
, since we only want to act on the
failing child, not on all of our children at the same time.
We set loggingEnabled
to false, since we wanted to use our
custom logging instead of the built-in reporting.
We have now seen our Expression
model, our fault modes
and how we deal with them at the top level, delegating the dangerous
work to child workers to isolate the failure, and setting
Stop
or Restart
directives depending on the
nature of the failure (fatal or transient). Now it's time to
calculate and visit FlakyExpressionCalculator.scala!
Let's review first our evaluation strategy. When we are facing an expression like ((4 * 4) / (3 + 1)) we might be tempted to calculate (4 * 4) first, then (3 + 1), and then the final division. We can do better: Let's calculate the two sides of the division in parallel!
To achieve this, our worker delegates the calculation of the left and
right side of the expression it has been given to two child workers of
the same type (except in the case of constant, where it just sends its
value as Result
to its parent.
This logic is in preStart()
since this is the code that will be executed when an actor starts (and
during restarts if the postRestart()
is not
overridden).
Since any of the sides of the original expression can finish before the
other, we have to indicate somehow which side has been calculated, that
is why we pass a Position
as an argument to workers which
they will put in their Result
which they send after the
calculation finished successfully.
As you might have observed, we added a method called
flakiness()
that sometimes just misbehaves
(throws a FlakinessException
).
This simulates a transient failure. Let's see how our
FlakyExpressionCalculator deals with failure situations.
A supervisor strategy is applied to the children of an actor. Since our children are actually workers for calculating the left and right side of our subexpression, we have to think what different failures mean for us.
If we encounter a FlakinessException
it indicates that one
of our workers
just made a hiccup and failed to calculate the answer. Since we know
this failure is recoverable, we just restart the responsible worker.
In case of fatal failures we cannot really do anything ourselves. First
of all, it indicates that the expression is invalid so restart does not
help, second, we are not necessarily the top level worker for the
expression. When an unknown failure is encountered it
is escalated to the parent. The parent of this actor is either another
FlakyExpressionCalculator
or the
ArithmeticService
. Since the calculators all escalate, no
matter how deep the failure happened, the ArithmeticService
will decide on the fate of the job (in our case, stop it).
In our example we split expressions recursively and calculated the left and right sides of each of the expressions. The question naturally arises: do we gain anything here regarding performance?
In this example more probably not. There is an additional overhead of splitting up tasks and collecting results, and this case the actual subtasks consist of simple arithmetic operations which are very fast. To really gain in performance in practice, the actual subtasks have to be more heavyweight than this — but the pattern will be the same.
After getting comfortable with the code, you can test your understanding by trying to solve the following small exercises:
flakiness()
to various places in the calculator and
see what happens
You should also visit


The Power of Microsites
FY2 MYP Design - MCHK
Over time, systems and products are evaluated and adapted
Welcome to the FY2 Design unit on the Power of Microsites
MYP Design @ Malvern College Hong Kong
Welcome to the FY2 Design unit on the Power of Microsites
MYP Design @ Malvern College Hong Kong


This week in Phase 0, we took our first dive into JavaScript. After a few days of struggling to get my barings in uncharted waters, I was happy to find that JavaScript and Ruby actually have a lot in common. In this post, I will compare Ruby hashes and JavaScript objects.
Suppose you want to build a program to keep track of the inventory at a car dealership. You want to use a collection object that allows you to keep track of each car's color, price, model, VIN number, and trim level. In Ruby, your go-to collection object will be a 'hash'; in JavaScript, you'll need an 'object'. Using the literal object syntax in JS, our 'car' object might look something like this:
var car = { model: '335i', color: 'black', price: 350000, VIN: '123AKEHVIAJ', trim: 'sport', }
If you're at all familiar with Ruby, this code should look familiar; if you removed the 'var' and pasted this code into a Ruby file, you'd have a hash. Like hashes, JS objects are collections of name/value pairs, where the names are unique and can be any kind of object. In Ruby, hashes have their own class and several methods, including the .each method. JS objects don't have a method comparable to Ruby's .each iterator.


If you are in healthcare and need masks, email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>If you have masks, email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>If you want to be involved, email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>If you are in the SF bay area and have masks to donate, go here.


Perform all kinds of mathematical calculations
simulation of a discount with coupon. For example "#202187960" = 20%
Calculate your savings capacity
Calculation of perimeters and areas
Arithmetic median calculation
Calculation of average (moda)
Weighted calculation
Average calculation
Coming soon...


{% extends 'layouts/layout.html' %} {% block body %}
Sorry, our records indicate that you have attempted to complete this HIT, but quit before finishing.
Because this is a Psychology experiment, you can only complete this HIT once.
Please return the HIT so someone else can perform the experiment.
{% elif errornum == 1010 %}Sorry, our records indicate that you have already completed (or attempted to complete) this HIT.
Because this is a Psychology experiment, you can only complete this HIT once.
Please release the HIT so someone else can perform the experiment.
{% else %}Sorry, there was an unexpected error in our processing of your HIT.
{% endif %}If you would like to receive partial compensation or feel you have reached this page in error, please email {{contact_address}} and send the following information:
Error: {{ errornum }}
Description: {{ errordesc }}
{% if hitId %}HITId: #{{ hitId }}
{% endif %}
{% if assignId %}AssignmentId: #{{ assignId }}
{% endif %}
{% if workerId %}WorkerId: #{{ workerId }}
{% endif %}


The {dm} package offers functions to work with relational data models in R. A common task for multiple, separated tables that have a shared attribute is merging the data.
This document introduces you to the joining functions of {dm} and shows how to apply them using data from the {nycflights13} package.
Relational data models consist of multiple tables that are linked with foreign keys. They are the building blocks for joining tables. Read more about relational data models in the vignette “Introduction to Relational Data Models”.
First, we load the packages that we need:
To explore filtering with {dm}, we’ll use the {nycflights13} data
with its tables flights
, planes
,
airlines
and airports
.
This dataset contains information about the 336,776 flights that
departed from New York City in 2013, with 3,322 different planes and
1,458 airports involved. The data comes from the US Bureau of
Transportation Statistics, and is documented in
?nycflights13
.
First, we have to create a dm
object from the
{nycflights13} data. This is implemented with
dm_nycflights13()
.
A data model object contains the data as well as metadata.
If you would like to create a dm
from other tables,
please look at ?dm
and the function
new_dm()
.
dm
object{dm} allows you to join two tables of a dm
object based
on a shared column. You can use all join functions that you know from
the {dplyr} package. Currently {dplyr} supports four types of mutating
joins, two types of filtering joins, and a nesting join. See
?dplyr::join
for details.
A join is the combination of two tables based on shared information. In technical terms, we merge the tables that need to be directly connected by a foreign key relation.
The existing links can be inspected in two ways:
dm_draw()
The directed arrows show explicitly the relation between different columns.
dm_get_all_fks()
Let’s look at some examples:
Add a column with airline names from the
airlines
table to the flights
table.
As you can see below, the dm_joined
data frame has one
more column than the flights
table. The difference is the
name
column from the airlines
table.
The result is not a dm
object anymore, but a (tibble)
data frame:
Another example:
Get all flights that can’t be matched with airlines names.
We expect the flights
data from {nycflights13} package
to be clean and well organized, so no flights should remain. You can
check this with an anti_join
:
An example with filtering on a dm
and then merging:
Get all May 2013 flights from Delta Air Lines which didn’t
depart from John F. Kennedy International Airport in - and join all the
airports data into the flights
table.
dm_nycflights13(subset = FALSE) %>%
dm_filter(
airlines = (name == "Delta Air Lines Inc."),
airports = (name != "John F Kennedy Intl"),
flights = (month == 5)
) %>%
dm_flatten_to_tbl(flights, airports, .join = left_join)
See vignette("tech-dm-filter")
for more details on
filtering.
A last example:
Merge all tables into one big table.
Sometimes you need everything in one place. In this case, you can use
the dm_flatten_to_tbl()
function. It joins all the tables
in your dm
object together into one wide table. All you
have to do is to specify the starting table. The following joins are
determined by the foreign key links.
To be more precise, dm_flatten_to_tbl()
will join all
tables from one level of hierarchy (i.e., direct neighbors to table
.start
). If you want to cover tables from all levels of
hierarchy, use the argument recursive = TRUE
for
dm_flatten_to_tbl()
instead.
Also, be aware that all column names need to be unique. The
dm_flatten_to_tbl()
takes care of this by automatically
renaming the relevant columns and informs the user if any names were
changed,
e.g. dm_rename(airlines, airlines.name = name)
.
If you want to merge all tables, but get a nested table in return,
use dm_wrap_tbl()
with pull_tbl()
instead:


--- layout: null section-type: publication title: Publication --- ## Publication
| Structured Label Inference for Visual Understanding.
Nelson Nauata, Hexiang Hu, Guang-Tong Zhou, Zhiwei Deng, Zicheng Liao and Greg Mori. IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence (T-PAMI), 2019. [PDF] |
|
| Recalling Holistic Information for Semantic Segmentation.
Hexiang Hu*, Zhiwei Deng*, Guang-Tong Zhou, Fei Sha and Greg Mori. arXiv:1611.08061, 2016. [PDF] [arXiv] |
|
| Learning Structured Inference Neural Networks with Label Relations.
Hexiang Hu, Guang-Tong Zhou, Zhiwei Deng, Zicheng Liao and Greg Mori. IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2016. [PDF] [arXiv] |
|
| Toward Scene Recognition by Discovering Semantic Structures and Parts.
Guang-Tong Zhou. Ph.D. Thesis, Simon Fraser University, 2015. [PDF] |
|
| Discovering Human Interactions in Videos with Limited Data Labeling.
Mehran Khodabandeh, Arash Vahdat, Guang-Tong Zhou et al. Workshop on Group and Crowd Behavior Analysis and Understanding (at CVPR), 2015. [PDF] |
|
| Hierarchical Maximum-Margin Clustering.
Guang-Tong Zhou, Sung Ju Hwang, Mark Schmidt, Leonid Sigal and Greg Mori. arXiv:1502.01827, 2015. [PDF] [arXiv] |
|
| Learning Action Primitives for Multi-Level Video Event Understanding.
Tian Lan, Lei Chen, Zhiwei Deng, Guang-Tong Zhou and Greg Mori. International Workshop on Visual Surveillance and Re-Identification (at ECCV), 2014. [PDF] |
|
| Discovering Video Clusters from Visual Features and Noisy Tags.
Arash Vahdat, Guang-Tong Zhou and Greg Mori. European Conference on Computer Vision (ECCV), 2014. [PDF] [Supplementary] |
|
| Latent Maximum Margin Clustering.
Guang-Tong Zhou, Tian Lan, Arash Vahdat and Greg Mori. Neural Information Processing Systems (NIPS), 2013. [PDF] [Code] |
|
| Learning Class-to-Image Distance with Object Matchings.
Guang-Tong Zhou, Tian Lan, Weilong Yang and Greg Mori. IEEE Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR), 2013. [PDF] [SUN 09 Scene Labels] |
|
| Mass Estimation.
Kai Ming Ting, Guang-Tong Zhou, Fei Tony Liu and Swee Chuan Tan. Machine Learning Journal (MLJ), 90(1):127-160, 2013. [PDF] [Details] |
|
| Relevance Feature Mapping for Content-Based Multimedia Information Retrieval.
Guang-Tong Zhou, Kai Ming Ting, Fei Tony Liu and Yilong Yin. Pattern Recognition (PR), 45(4):1707-1720, 2012. [PDF] |
|
| Relevance Feature Mapping for Content-Based Image Retrieval.
Guang-Tong Zhou, Kai Ming Ting, Fei Tony Liu and Yilong Yin. International Workshop on Multimedia Data Mining (at KDD), 2010. [PDF] |
|
| Mass Estimation and Its Applications.
Kai Ming Ting, Guang-Tong Zhou, Fei Tony Liu and Swee Chuan Tan. ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining (KDD), 2010. [PDF] [Details] |
|
| K-means Based Fingerprint Segmentation with Sensor Interoperability.
Gongping Yang, Guang-Tong Zhou, Yilong Yin and Xiukun Yang. EURASIP Journal on Advances in Signal Processing (EJASP), 2010(1):729378, 2010. [PDF] |


Travelling salesman problem on cubic graphs
08 Jan 2018This is the second post of a series that start here, based on the talks given at a French meeting on algorithms and complexity (GT CoA).
The second talk I want to “review” is: Applications and Constructions of cut-covering decompositions for connectivity problems, by Alantha Newman from the GSOP lab in Grenoble. Her work is partly based on an approch that began with the paper TSP on Cubic and Subcubic Graphs. What I describe in this post is based on this first paper. You can find more advanced lecture notes on this topic, by Newman, here.
Cubic graphs are graphs in which every node has degree 3. These graphs have special structures that are useful when designing approximation algorithms for the travelling salesman problem (TSP for short), and this is the topic of this post.
From TSP to Graph-TSP, and then to graphical-TSP
First, one may be confused by the fact the TSP is usually defined on weighted complete graphs, and not on some class of unweighted graphs. Indeed at first it does not make sense, as not all the graphs are eulerian, that is, for some graphs there does not exist a tour (i.e. a circuit in the graph that visits every node exactly once).
We actually deal with graph-TSP here, which is TSP on a subset of instances, whose edge weights are very special. Graph-TSP on an unweighted graph $G$ with $n$ nodes, means that we are looking for the shortest tour in the complete graph $C$ on $n$ nodes, where the weight of the edge between two arbitrary nodes $u$ and $v$ in $C$, is the length of the shortest path between these nodes in $G$. This is known as the metric completion of $G$, and indeed one can check that these distances follow the triangle inequality.
Another problem is interesting to us: graphical-TSP. In this new problem, given a graph, one has to find the shortest tour that visits all the nodes, but with the relaxation that it can visit the nodes and edges more than once.
“Graph-TSP” and “Graphical-TSP” are unpleasantly close names, but fortunately, the problems are equivalent. Suppose you have a tour for graph-TSP, then every edge $(u,v)$ has the weight of the path between $u$ and $v$ in $G$: one can take this path instead of the direct edge. Unfolding every edge this way, one gets a solution for graphical-TSP with the same weight. A similar construction works for the other direction.
The literature seems to focus on Graph-TSP, probably because it generalizes to the classic TSP more easily. For this post, the graphical-TSP is more handy, so we continue wih this one.
Simplified Christofides algorithm
Consider the following simple approximation algorithm for graphical-TSP. Take a minimum spanning tree of the graph $G$, and then consider the path taken if one does a traversal of this tree. This is a tour (in the sense of graphical-TSP), because every node is visited. It gives a 2-approximation, because the optimal tour cannot be lighter than the minimum spanning tree, and because every edge is taken exactly twice in this solution. Also it runs in polynomial-time, and that is what we are looking for.
Christofides algorithm is a refinement of this idea, and it gives a 3/2-approximation for metric instance of (the general) TSP. In particular it gives a 3/2-approximation for graphical-TSP on cubic graphs and we will show how to get better a better ratio.
A few graph theoretic definitions
Before we get to why cubic graphs are nice, we need a few definitions from graph theory.
- A bridge in a graph, is an edge whose removal disconnects the graph.
- A perfect matching, is a matching, i.e. a set of vertex-disjoint edges, that matches all vertices in G.
- A (vertex disjoint) cycle cover is a set of vertex-disjoint cycles that spans all vertices in G.
Note that the two last definitions are pretty similar, and indeed they are two examples of a more general concept, called $k$-factors. But let’s go back to cubic graphs.
Cycle covers from Petersen’s theorem
Petersen’s theorem states that every bridgeless cubic graph, has a perfect matching.
Now, take a bridgeless cubic graph and remove a perfect matching. What is left? A cycle cover of G. Indeed the degree of every node has decreased from three to two, thus the resulting graph must be union of cycles spanning all nodes.
All together now
Let’s put all the ingredients together to get an approximation algorithm for graphical-TSP with a better ratio than Christofides algorithm.
First find a cycle cover of $G$ as in the previous section. This can be done in poynomial time, thanks to the blossom algorithm. This subgraph is visiting every node exactly once, but it is not a tour yet, because it is disconnected. We will now link these cycles together. Consider the graph $G’$ made by contracting every cycle into just one node. On this graph $G’$, take the tour induced by the spanning tree as in the simplified Chritofides algorithm. This tour corresponds to a set of edges in $G$. Now this set of edges plus the edges of the cycle cover form a tour, and we have a solution for graphical-TSP!
What is the weight of this tour? The cycle cover contains exactly $n$ edges. Let $c$ be the number of cycles in this cover. Then there are $2c-1$ edges in the tree. It follows that the tour has weight $n+2c-1$. With a bit of work1 one can get $c\leq n/6$. This yields to a tour with less then $4n/3$ edges. This is a 4/3-approximation, as a tour cannot be shorter than $n$, which improves on Christofides.
We discussed only cubic graphs and got only a small improvement here, but the approach based on studying the cycle covers is fruitful in other context, and led to many improvements for this fundamental problem.
Bonus: recent advances on asymmetric TSP
On a related topic, there has been recent advances on asymmetric TSP, that is TSP where the directed edges $(u,v)$ and $(v,u)$ do not have the same weight in general. A recent paper gives the long-awaited first constant-approximation algorithm for the problem. You will find links to a summary and videos on Jakub Tarnawski’s webpage. The paper has been covered on Gödel’s lost letter2, and in Quanta magazine.
Footnotes
-
To make this work, one needs a stronger version of Petersen’s theorem, to have a better cycle cover. The details are in this paper. ↩
-
A blog by Richard Lipton, that we recently mentioned in our post on TCS blogs (in French). ↩


| org.apache.drill.common.expression |
Logical expression tree representation.
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| org.apache.drill.common.expression.fn |
Logical function definitions.
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| org.apache.drill.common.expression.visitors |
Visitors for validating or optimizing logical expressions.
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| org.apache.drill.common.logical.data |
Logical operators in a query graph.
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| org.apache.drill.common.parser |
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| org.apache.drill.exec |
Drill execution engine, including: physical operators, runtime code
generation, planning, RPC layer, Value Vector data structures.
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| org.apache.drill.exec.compile.sig |
TODO - write docs for this package
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| org.apache.drill.exec.expr |
Drill expression materialization and evaluation facilities.
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| org.apache.drill.exec.expr.annotations |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.expr.fn |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.expr.fn.impl |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.expr.fn.interpreter |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.expr.fn.output |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.metastore.analyze |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.metastore.store |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.base |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.config |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.aggregate |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.filter |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.join |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.orderedpartitioner |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.partitionsender |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.project |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.protocol |
Defines a revised implementation of the Drill RecordBatch protocol.
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.scan |
Defines the scan operation implementation.
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.scan.project |
Provides run-time semantic analysis of the projection list for the
scan operator.
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.scan.v3 |
Provides the "version 3" scan framework (which can also be thought of
as EVF version 2).
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.scan.v3.file |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.scan.v3.schema |
Provides run-time semantic analysis of the projection list for the
scan operator.
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.unnest |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.unorderedreceiver |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.validate |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.window |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.impl.xsort |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.resultSet.impl |
Handles the details of the result set loader implementation.
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.resultSet.project |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.rowSet |
Provides a set of tools to work with row sets.
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| org.apache.drill.exec.physical.unit |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.common |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.index |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.index.generators |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.logical |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.logical.partition |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.physical |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.sql |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.sql.parser |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.planner.torel |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.record |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.resolver |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.sql |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.bson |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.dfs |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.dfs.easy |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.direct |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.druid |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.easy.json |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.easy.sequencefile |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.easy.text |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.hbase |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.hive |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.hive.readers |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.http |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.httpd |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.image |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.ischema |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.jdbc |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.kafka |
Kafka storage plugin.
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.kafka.decoders |
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| org.apache.drill.exec.store.kudu |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.ltsv |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.mapr |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.mapr.db |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.mapr.db.binary |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.mapr.db.json |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.mapr.db.util |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.mapr.streams |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.mock |
Defines a mock data source which generates dummy test data for use
in testing.
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.mongo |
MongoDB storage plugin.
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.openTSDB |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.parquet |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.parquet.columnreaders |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.parquet.metadata |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.parquet2 |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.pcapng |
For comments on implementation of this format plugin see:
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.sys |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.store.syslog |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.util |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.vector.complex |
|
| org.apache.drill.exec.vector.complex.fn |
|
| org.apache.drill.metastore.metadata |
|
| org.apache.drill.metastore.util |
|
| org.apache.drill.test |
Provides a variety of test framework tools to simplify Drill unit
tests and ad-hoc tests created while developing features.
|