18.6. Local ClassesA class can be defined inside a function body. Such a class is called a local class. A local class defines a type that is visible only in the local scope in which it is defined. Unlike nested classes, the members of a local class are severely restricted.
In practice, the requirement that members be fully defined within the class limits the complexity of the member functions of a local class. Functions in local classes are rarely more than a few lines of code. Beyond that, the code becomes difficult for the reader to understand. Similarly, a local class is not permitted to declare static data members, there being no way to define them. Local Classes May Not Use Variables from the Function's ScopeThe names from the enclosing scope that a local class can access are limited. A local class can access only type names, static variables (Section 7.5.2, p. 255), and enumerators defined within the enclosing local scopes. A local class may not use the ordinary local variables of the function in which the class is defined: int a, val; void foo(int val) { static int si; enum Loc { a = 1024, b }; // Bar is local to foo class Bar { public: Loc locVal; // ok: uses local type name int barVal; void fooBar(Loc l = a) // ok: default argument is Loc::a { barVal = val; // error: val is local to foo barVal = ::val; // ok: uses global object barVal = si; // ok: uses static local object locVal = b; // ok: uses enumerator } }; // ... } Normal Protection Rules Apply to Local ClassesThe enclosing function has no special access privileges to the private members of the local class. Of course, the local class could make the enclosing function a friend.
The portion of a program that can access a local class is very limited. A local class is encapsulated within its local scope. Further encapsulation through information hiding is often overkill. Name Lookup within a Local ClassName lookup within the body of a local class happens in the same manner as for other classes. Names used in the declarations of the members of the class must be in scope before the use of the name. Names used in definitions of the members can appear anywhere in the scope of the local class. Names not resolved to class members are searched first in the enclosing local scope and then out to the scope enclosing the function itself. Nested Local ClassesIt is possible to nest a class inside a local class. In this case, the nested class definition can appear outside the local-class body. However, the nested class must be defined in the same local scope as that in which the local class is defined. As usual, the name of the nested class must be qualified by the name of the enclosing class and a declaration of the nested class must appear in the definition of the local class: void foo() { class Bar { public: // ... class Nested; // declares class Nested }; // definition of Nested class Bar::Nested { // ... }; } A class nested in a local class is itself a local class, with all the attendant restrictions. All members of the nested class must be defined inside the body of the nested class itself. |


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| PostgreSQL 9.0.10 Documentation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 45. System Catalogs | Next |
The catalog pg_cast stores data type conversion paths, both built-in paths and those defined with CREATE CAST.
It should be noted that pg_cast does not represent every type conversion that the system knows how to perform; only those that cannot be deduced from some generic rule. For example, casting between a domain and its base type is not explicitly represented in pg_cast. Another important exception is that "automatic I/O conversion casts", those performed using a data type's own I/O functions to convert to or from text or other string types, are not explicitly represented in pg_cast.
Table 45-10. pg_cast Columns
| Name | Type | References | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| castsource | oid | pg_type.oid | OID of the source data type |
| casttarget | oid | pg_type.oid | OID of the target data type |
| castfunc | oid | pg_proc.oid | The OID of the function to use to perform this cast. Zero is stored if the cast method doesn't require a function. |
| castcontext | char | Indicates what contexts the cast can be invoked in. e means only as an explicit cast (using CAST or :: syntax). a means implicitly in assignment to a target column, as well as explicitly. i means implicitly in expressions, as well as the other cases. | |
| castmethod | char | Indicates how the cast is performed. f means that the function specified in the castfunc field is used. i means that the input/output functions are used. b means that the types are binary-coercible, thus no conversion is required. |
The cast functions listed in pg_cast must always take the cast source type as their first argument type, and return the cast destination type as their result type. A cast function can have up to three arguments. The second argument, if present, must be type integer; it receives the type modifier associated with the destination type, or -1 if there is none. The third argument, if present, must be type boolean; it receives true if the cast is an explicit cast, false otherwise.
It is legitimate to create a pg_cast entry in which the source and target types are the same, if the associated function takes more than one argument. Such entries represent "length coercion functions" that coerce values of the type to be legal for a particular type modifier value.
When a pg_cast entry has different source and target types and a function that takes more than one argument, it represents converting from one type to another and applying a length coercion in a single step. When no such entry is available, coercion to a type that uses a type modifier involves two steps, one to convert between data types and a second to apply the modifier.


Laying down his razor, Rand wiped the last flecks of lather from his face and began doing up his shirt-laces. Early morning sunlight streamed through the square arches leading to his bedchamber balcony; the heavy winter curtains had been hung, but tied back to let in a breath of air. He would be presentable when he killed Rahvin. The thought loosed a bubble of rage, floating up out of his belly. He forced it back down. He would be presentable, and calm. Cold. No mistakes.
When he turned from the gilt-framed mirror, Aviendha was sitting on her rolled-up pallet against the wall, beneath a hanging portraying impossibly high gold towers. He had offered to have another bed put in the room, but she claimed mattresses were too soft for sleeping. She was watching him intently, her shift forgotten in one hand. He had been careful about not looking around from his shaving to give her time to dress, but aside from her white stockings, she wore not a stitch.

“Shame me? What do you mean?”
She stood in one smooth motion, surprisingly pale where the sun had not touched her, slender and hard-muscled, yet with roundnesses and softnesses that haunted his dreams. This was the first time he had allowed himself to look at her openly when she flaunted herself, but she did not seem aware of it. Those big blue-green eyes were fixed on his. “I did not ask Sulin to include Enaila or Somara or Lamelle that first day. Nor did I ask them to watch you, or to do anything if you faltered. That was only their own concern.”
“You just let me think they would try to carry me off like a babe if I wavered. A fine distinction.”
His wry tone flew right past her. “It made you take care when you needed to.”
“I see,” he said dryly. “Well, I thank you for the promise not to shame me, in any case.”
She smiled. “I did not say that, Rand al’Thor. I said not in front of other men. If you require it, for your own good . . . ” Her smile deepened.
“Do you mean to come like that?” He gestured irritably, taking her in from head to toe.
She had never shown the slightest embarrassment at being naked in front of him—far from it—but she glanced down at herself, then at him looking at her, and her face reddened. Suddenly she was surrounded by a flurry of dark brown wool and white algode, flying into her clothes so quickly that he could have thought she was channeling them on. “Have you arranged everything?” came from the middle of it. “Have you spoken to the Wise Ones? You were gone late last night. Who else comes with us? How many can you take? No wetlanders, I hope. You cannot trust them. Especially not treekillers. Can you truly carry us to Caemlyn in one hour? Is it like what I did the night . . . ? I mean to say, how will you do it? I cannot like trusting myself to things I do not know and cannot understand.”
“Everything is arranged, Aviendha.” Why was she babbling? And refusing to meet his eye? He had met with Rhuarc and the other chiefs still near the city; they had not truly liked his plan, but they saw it in terms of ji’e’toh, and none thought he had any other choice. They discussed it quickly, agreed, and then turned the talk to other things. Nothing to do with Forsaken or Illian or battle at all. Women, hunting, whether Cairhienin brandy could compare with oosquai, or wetlander tabac with what was grown in the Waste. For an hour he had almost forgotten what lay ahead. He hoped that the Prophecy of Rhuidean was somehow wrong, that he would not destroy those men. The Wise Ones had come to him, a delegation of more than fifty, alerted by Aviendha herself and led by Amys and Melaine and Bair; or maybe by Sorilea. With Wise Ones often it was difficult to tell who was in charge. They had not come to talk him out of anything— ji’e’toh again—but to make sure he understood that his obligation to Elayne did not outweigh that to the Aiel, and they had kept him in the meeting room until they were satisfied. It was that or lift them bodily out of his way to reach the door. When they wanted to be, those women were as good at ignoring shouts as Egwene had become. “We’ll find out how many I can take when I try. Only Aiel.” With luck, Meilan and Maringil and the rest would not know he was gone until after he went. If the Tower had spies in Cairhien, maybe the Forsaken did as well, and how could he trust people to keep secrets who could not see the sun rise without trying to use the fact in Daes Dae’mar?
By the time he had shrugged into a red coat embroidered in gold, a fine wool eminently suitable for a Royal Palace, in Caemlyn or Cairhien—the thought amused him, in a bleak sort of way—by that time, Aviendha was almost dressed. It was a wonder to him how she could scramble into her clothes so quickly and yet have nothing out of place. “A woman came last night while you were away.”
Light! He had forgotten Colavaere. “What did you do?”
 “I took her back to her own chambers, where we talked for a time. There will be no more treekiller flipskirts scratching at your tent flap, Rand al’Thor.”
“The very end I aimed at, Aviendha. Light! Did you hurt her badly?
She sniffed loudly and went back to her laces. “Ladies! A woman is a woman, Rand al’Thor. Unless she is a Wise One,” she added judiciously. “That one sits lightly this morning, but her bruises can be hidden, and with a day’s rest she will be able to leave her chambers. And she knows the right of matters, now. I told her if she caused you any bother again—any bother—I would come talk to her once more. A much longer talk. She will do as you say, when you say it. Her example will teach others. The treekillers understand nothing else.”
Rand sighed. Not a method he would or could have chosen, but it might actually work. Or it might only make Colavaere and the others more sly from now on. Aviendha might not be worried about repercussions against herself—in fact, he would be surprised if she had even considered the possibility—but a woman who was High Seat of a powerful House was not the same as a young noblewoman of lesser rank. Whatever the effect for him, Aviendha could find herself set upon in some dark hallway and given ten times what she had given Colavaere, if not worse. “Next time, let me handle matters my way. I am the Car’a’carn, remember.”
“You have shaving lather on your ear, Rand al’Thor.”
Muttering to himself, he snatched up the striped towel and shouted, “Come!” to a rap at the door.
Asmodean entered, pale lace at the neck and cuffs of his black coat, harpcase slung on his back and a sword at his hip. It might have been winter for the coolness of his face, but his dark eyes were wary.
“What do you want, Natael?” Rand demanded. “I gave you your instructions last night.”
Asmodean wet his lips and glanced once at Aviendha, who was frowning at him. “Wise instructions. I suppose I might learn something to your advantage, remaining here and watching, but the talk this morning is all of the shrieks from Lady Colavaere’s apartments last night. It is said she displeased you, though no one seems to know quite how. That uncertainty is making everyone step lightly. I doubt anyone will breathe in the next few days without considering what you might make of it.” Aviendha’s face was a picture of insufferable self-satisfaction.
“So you want to come with me?” Rand said softly. “You want to be at my back when I face Rahvin?”
“What better place for the Lord Dragon’s bard? But better yet, say under your eye. Where I can show my loyalty. I am not strong.” Asmodean’s grimace seemed natural enough in any man making that admission, but for an instant Rand sensed saidin filling the other man, felt the taint that twisted Asmodean’s mouth. Just for an instant, but long enough for him to judge. If Asmodean had drawn as much as he could, he would be hard pressed to match one of the Wise Ones who could channel. “Not strong, yet perhaps I can help in some small way.”
Rand wished he could see the shield Lanfear had woven. She had said it would dissipate with time, but Asmodean did not seem able to channel any more strongly now than he had the first day he was in Rand’s hands. Perhaps she had lied, to give Asmodean false hope, to make Rand believe the man would grow strong enough to teach him more than he ever would. It would be like her. He was uncertain whether that was his thought or Lews Therin’s, but he was sure it was true.
The long pause made Asmodean lick his lips again. “A day or two will not matter here. You will be back by then, or dead. Let me prove my loyalty. Perhaps I can do something. A whisker more weight on your side might shift the balance.” Once more saidin poured into him, just for a moment. Rand felt a sensation of strain, yet it was still a feeble flow. “You know my choices. I am clinging to that tuft of grass on the cliff’s lip, praying for it to hold one more heartbeat. If you fail, I am worse than dead. I must see you win and live.” Suddenly eyeing Aviendha, he seemed to realize he might have said too much. His laugh was a hollow sound. “Else how can I compose the songs of the Lord Dragon’s glory? A bard must have something to work with.” The heat never touched Asmodean—a trick of the mind, he claimed, not the Power—but beads of sweat oozed down his forehead now.
Under his eyes, or left behind? Perhaps to run looking for a hiding place when he began wondering what was happening in Caemlyn. Asmodean would be the man he was until he died and was reborn, and perhaps even after. “Under my eyes,” Rand said quietly. “And if I even suspect that where that whisker falls might displease me . . . ”
“I put my trust in the Lord Dragon’s mercy,” Asmodean murmured, bowing. “With the Lord Dragon’s permission, I will wait outside.”
Rand glanced around the room as the man departed, backing away still half-bowed. His sword lay on the gilt-lined chest at the foot of the bed, Dragon-buckled sword belt wrapped around the scabbard and the Seanchan spearhead. The killing today would not be with steel, not on his part.  For a moment, he considered Skimming to Tear, to take back Callandor, or even to Rhuidean for what was hidden there. He could destroy Rahvin with either before the man knew he was there. He could destroy Caemlyn itself with either. But could he trust himself? So much power. So much of the One Power. Saidin hung there just out of sight. The taint seemed part of him. Rage oozed just beneath the surface, at Rahvin, at himself. If it broke loose, and he held even Callandor . . . What would he do? He would be invincible. With the other, he could Skim to Shayol Ghul itself, put an end to it all, end it now one way or another. One way or another. No. He was not in this alone. He could not afford anything but victory.
“The world rides on my shoulders,” he murmured. Suddenly he yelped and clapped a hand to his left buttock. It felt as though a needle had stabbed him, but he did not need the goose bumps fading on his arms to tell him what had happened. “What was that for?” he growled at Aviendha.
“Just to see whether the Lord Dragon was still made of flesh like the rest of us mortals.”
“I am,” he said flatly, and seized saidin—all the sweetness; all the filth—just, long enough to channel briefly.
Her eyes widened, but she did not flinch, only looked at him as if nothing had occurred at all. Still, as they crossed the anteroom, she rubbed furtively at her bottom when she thought he was looking the other way. It seemed she was ordinary flesh, too. Burn me. I thought I’d taught her a few manners.
Pulling open the door, he stepped out and stood staring. Mat was leaning on his odd spear with that broad-brimmed hat pulled low, a little apart from Asmodean, but that was not what took him aback. There were no Maidens. He should have known something was wrong when Asmodean came in unannounced. Aviendha was looking around in amazement, as if she expected to find them behind one of the tapestries.
“Melindhra tried to kill me last night,” Mat said, and Rand stopped thinking about Maidens. “One minute we were talking, the next she was trying to kick my head off.”
Mat told the story in short sentences. The dagger with the golden bees. His conclusions. He closed his eyes when he told how he had ended it—a simple, stark, “I killed her”—and opened them again quickly as if he saw something behind his eyelids he did not care to see.
“I’m sorry you had to do that,” Rand said quietly, and Mat gave a bleak shrug.
“Better her than me. I suppose. She was a Darkfriend.” He did not sound as if it made much difference.
“I will settle Sammael. Just as soon as I’m ready.”
“And how many will that leave?”
“The Forsaken are not here,” Aviendha snapped. “And neither are the Maidens of the Spear. Where are they? What have you done, Rand al’Thor?”
“Me? There were twenty right here when I came to bed last night, and I haven’t seen one since.”
“Perhaps it is because Mat . . . ” Asmodean began, and stopped when Mat looked at him, a tight-mouthed blend of pain and readiness to hit something.
“Do not be fools,” Aviendha said in a firm voice. “Far Dareis Mai would not claim toh against Mat Cauthon for this.  Even her near-sisters would not, if she had had any. And no one would claim toh against Rand al’Thor for what another did, unless he ordered it done. You have done something, Rand al’Thor, something great and dark, or they would be here.”
“I’ve done nothing,” he told her sharply. “And I don’t intend to stand here discussing it. Are you dressed for the ride south, Mat?”
Mat shoved a hand into his coat pocket, fingering something. He usually kept his dice and dice-cup in there. “Caemlyn. I’m tired of them sneaking up on me. I want to sneak up on one of them for a change.
Rand did not ask him what he meant. Another ta’veren. Two together to twist chance perhaps. No way to tell how, or even if, but . . . “It seems like we’ll be together a little longer.” Mat looked more resigned than anything else.
Before they had gone far down the tapestry-lined corridor, Moiraine and Egwene met them, gliding along together as if the day held no more ahead than a walk in one of the gardens. Egwene, cool-eyed and calm, golden Great Serpent on her finger, really could have been Aes Sedai despite her Aiel clothes and shawl and the folded scarf around her temples, while Moiraine . . . Gold threads caught the light, faintly streaking Moiraine’s gown of shimmering blue silk. The small blue stone on her forehead, hanging from its gold chain fastened in her waves of dark hair, shone as brightly as the large gold-set sapphires around her neck. Hardly suitable garb for what they intended, yet in his red coat, Rand could not comment.
Perhaps it was being here, where House Damodred had once held the Sun Throne, but Moiraine’s graceful carriage was more regal than he remembered ever seeing it. Not even the presence of “Jasin Natael” could spoil that queenly serenity with surprise, but amazingly, she gave Mat a warm smile. “So you are going too, Mat. Learn to trust the Pattern. Do not waste your life attempting to change what cannot be changed.” From Mat’s face, he might have been considering changing his mind about being there at all, but the Aes Sedai turned from him without a trace of worry. “These are for you, Rand.”
“More letters?” he said. One bore his name in an elegant hand that he recognized immediately. “From you, Moiraine?” The other carried Thom Merrilin’s name. Both had been sealed with blue wax, apparently with her Great Serpent ring, impressed with the image of the snake biting its own tail. “Why write me a letter? And sealed. You’ve never been afraid to say whatever you wanted to say to my face. If I ever forgot it, Aviendha has been reminding me that I’m only flesh and blood.”
“You have changed from the boy I first saw outside the Winespring Inn.” Her voice was a soft silver chiming. “You are hardly the same at all. I pray you have changed enough.”
Egwene murmured something low. Rand thought it was “I pray you have not changed too much.” She was frowning at the letters as if she too wondered what was in them. So was Aviendha.
Moiraine went on more brightly, even briskly. “Seals ensure privacy. That contains things I wish you to think on; not now; when you have time for thinking. As for Thom’s letter, I know no safer hands than yours in which to place it. Give it to him when you see him again. Now, there is something you must see at the docks.”
“The docks?” Rand said. “Moiraine, this morning of all mornings, I’ve no time for—”
But she was already moving down the corridor as if sure he would follow. “I have had horses readied. Even one for you, Mat, just in case.” Egwene hesitated only a moment, then followed.
 She had sworn to obey. Whatever she had to show him, he could see it another day.
“What could an hour hurt?” Mat muttered. Perhaps he was reconsidering.
“It would not be amiss for you to be seen this morning,” Asmodean said. “Rahvin might just know of it as soon as it happens. If he has any suspicions—if he has any spies who may have listened at keyholes—it might allay them for today.”
Rand looked at Aviendha. “Do you also counsel delay?”
“I counsel that you listen to Moiraine Sedai.  There was a saying in the Two Rivers, not that anybody said it where women could hear. “The Creator made women to please the eye and trouble the mind.” Aes Sedai were certainly no different in one respect. “One hour.”
The sun was not yet high enough to lift the city wall’s long shadow from the stone quay where Kadere’s wagons were lined up, but he still mopped his face with a large handkerchief. It was only partly the heat that made him sweat. Great gray curtain walls stretching into the river at either end of the row of docks made the quay seem a dim box, with him caught in it. There were nothing but broad, round-bowed grain barges docked here, and the same anchored in the river waiting their turn to unload. He had considered slipping onto one when it cast off, but it meant abandoning most of what he still possessed. Yet had he thought the slow passage downriver would take him anywhere except to his death, he would have. Lanfear had not returned to his dreams, but he had the burns on his chest to remind him of her commands. Just the thought of disobeying one of the Chosen made him shiver, even with sweat rolling down his face.
If only he knew who to trust; to the extent it was possible to trust any of his fellow Darkfriends. The last of his drivers who had sworn the oaths had vanished two days ago, very likely on one of the grain barges. He still did not know which Aiel woman had slipped that note under his wagon door—“You are not alone among strangers. A way has been chosen”—though he had several possibilities in mind. The docks held almost as many Aiel as they did workmen, come to stare at the river; he had seen a few of those faces more often than seemed reasonable, and some had looked at him consideringly. A few Cairhienin had as well, and a Tairen lord. That meant nothing by itself, of course, but if he could find a few men to work with . . .
A mounted party appeared in one of the gateways, Moiraine and Rand al’Thor leading the way with the Aes Sedai’s Warder as they threaded though the carts hauling grain-sacks away. A wave of cheers rode with them.
“All glory to the Lord Dragon!” and “Hail the Lord Dragon!” and now and again “Glory to Lord Matrim! Glory to the Red Hand!”
For once the Aes Sedai turned down toward the tail end of the line of wagons without so much as a glance at Kadere. He was just as glad. Even if she had not been Aes Sedai, even if she had not looked at him as if she knew every black corner of his mind, he would as soon not have looked too closely at some of the things she had filled his wagons with. Yesterday evening she had made him strip the canvas off that oddly twisted redstone doorframe in the wagon just behind his. She seemed to take a perverse delight in making him help her himself with whatever she wanted to study. He would have covered the thing up again if he could bear to go near it, or could make any of his drivers do so. None with him now had seen Herid fall half through it in Rhuidean and half disappear—Herid had been the first to run away once they cleared the Jangai; the man had not been entirely right in the head after the Warder hauled him back—but they could look at it, see the way the corners did not meet properly, how you could not follow it around with your eyes without blinking and growing dizzy.
Kadere ignored the first three riders as much as the Aes Sedai had ignored him, and Mat Cauthon almost as much. The man was wearing his hat; he had never been able to find a replacement. The Aiel wench, Aviendha, rode up behind the young Aes Sedai’s saddle, both with their skirts pushed up to show their legs. If he needed any confirmation that the Aiel woman was bedding al’Thor, he only had to see the way she looked at him; a woman who had taken a man to her bed always looked at him with that light of ownership in her eyes after. More importantly, Natael was with them. This was the first time Kadere had been this close to him since crossing the Spine of the World. Natael, who stood high in the Darkfriends. If he could get past the Maidens to reach Natael . . .
Suddenly Kadere blinked. Where were the Maidens? Al’Thor always had an escort of spear-wielding women. Frowning, he realized he could not see a single Maiden among the Aiel on the quay or the docks.
“Aren’t you going to look at an old friend, Hadnan?”
That melodious voice jerked Kadere around, gaping at a hatchet-nosed face, dark eyes almost hidden by rolls of fat. “Keille?” It was impossible. No one survived alone in the Waste except Aiel. She had to be dead. But there she stood, white silk straining over her bulk, ivory combs standing tall in her dark curls.

For a moment he hesitated, then hurried after her. He would as soon Keille Shaogi really had died in the Waste—the woman was bossy and obnoxious; she need not think she was getting a penny of the little he had managed to salvage—but she stood as high as Jasin Natael. Perhaps she would answer a few questions. At the least, he would have someone to work with. At the worst, someone to put blame on. Power went with standing high, but so did blame for the failures of those beneath you. More than once he had fed his superiors to those still higher up in order to cover himself.
Carefully closing the door, he turned—and would have screamed if his throat had not clenched too tight for sound.
The woman who stood there wore white silk, but she was not fat.  Kadere knew that face from his dreams.
His knees thudding to the floor shook breath loose. “Great Mistress,” he said hoarsely, “how may I serve?”
Lanfear might have been looking at an insect, one she might crush beneath her slipper or might not. “By showing your obedience to my commands. I have been too busy to watch Rand al’Thor myself. Tell me what he has done, aside from conquering Cairhien, what he plans to do.”
“It is difficult, Great Mistress. One such as myself cannot come close to such as he.” An insect, those cool eyes said, allowed to live so long as it was useful. Kadere racked his brain for everything he had seen or heard or imagined. “He is sending Aiel south in huge numbers, Great Mistress, though I do not know why. The Tairens and Cairhienin do not seem to notice, but I don’t think they can tell one Aiel from another.” Neither could he. He would not dare lie to her, but if she thought he had more use than he did . . . “He has founded a school of some sort, in a city palace that belonged to a House with no survivors . . . ” At first there was no way to tell whether she liked what she was hearing, but as he went on, her face began to darken.
“What is it you want me to see, Moiraine?” Rand said impatiently, tying Jeade’en’s reins to one wheel of the last wagon in line.
She was standing on tiptoe to peer over the side of the wagonbed at a pair of casks that seemed familiar. Unless he was mistaken, they held the two cuendillar seals, packed in wool for protection now that they were no longer unbreakable. He felt the Dark One’s taint strongly here; it almost seemed to come from the casks, a faint miasma as from something rotting in a hidden place.
“It will be safe here,” Moiraine murmured. Lifting her skirts gracefully, she started up the line of wagons. Lan heeled her, a half-tame wolf, the cloak hanging down his back all disturbing ripples of color and nothingness.
Rand glared. “Did she tell you what it was, Egwene?”
“Just that you had to see something. That you had to come here, anyway.”
“You must trust Aes Sedai,” Aviendha said, almost as levelly, but with a hint of doubt. Mat snorted.
“Well, I mean to find out now. Natael, go tell Bael I’ll be with him in—”
At the other end of the line, the side of Kadere’s wagon exploded, splinters scything down Aiel and townsfolk. Rand knew; he did not need goose bumps prickling his skin to know. He raced, toward the wagon, after Moiraine and Lan. Time seemed to slow, everything happening at once, as if the air were jelly clinging to each moment.
Lanfear stepped out into stunned silence except for the moans and screams of the injured, something limp and pale and red-streaked hanging from her hand, dragging behind her as she walked down invisible steps. Her face was a mask carved of ice. “He told me, Lews Therin,” she almost screamed, flinging the pale thing into the air. Something caught it, inflated it for a moment into a bloody, transparent, statue of Hadnan Kadere; his skin, removed whole. The figure collapsed and fell as Lanfear’s voice rose to a screech. “You let another woman touch you! Again!”
Moments clinging, all happening at once.
Before Lanfear reached the stones of the quay, Moiraine lifted her skirts higher and began running straight toward her. Quick as she was, Lan was quicker, ignoring her shout of, “No, Lan!” Sword coming out, long legs carried him ahead of her, color-shifting cloak waving behind as he charged. Suddenly he seemed to run into an invisible stone wall, bounce back, try to stagger forward again. One step, and as if a giant hand had smashed him aside, he flew ten paces through the air, crashing to the stones.
While he was in midair, Moiraine jerked forward, feet skidding along the pavement, until she was face to face with Lanfear. It was only for a moment. The Forsaken looked at her as though wondering what could have gotten in her way, then Moiraine was flung to one side so hard she rolled over and over until she disappeared beneath one of the wagons.
The quayside was in turmoil. Just moments since Kadere’s wagon erupted, yet only the blind could not know the One Power was being wielded by the woman in white. Along the docks axes flashed, cutting ropes, freeing barges as their crews desperately fended the craft toward open water and flight. Bare-chested dockmen and dark-clothed townsfolk struggled to jump aboard. In the other direction men and women milled and screamed as they fought to pass through the gates into the city. And among them, cadin’sor-clad figures veiled themselves and rushed at Lanfear with spears or knives or bare hands. There could be no doubt she was the source of the attack, no doubt she fought with the Power. They ran to dance the spears regardless.
Fire rolled over them in waves. Arrows of it pierced those who came on with their clothes in flames. It was not as if Lanfear battled them, or even paid them any real mind. She might have been brushing aside gnats or bitemes. Those who fled burned as well as those who tried to fight. She moved toward Rand as if nothing else existed.
Heartbeats only.
Three steps she had taken when Rand seized the male half of the True Source, molten steel and steel-shattering ice, sweet honey and midden heap. Deep in the Void, the fight for survival was distant, the battle before him scarcely less. As Moiraine vanished beneath the wagon, he channeled, pulling the heat from Lanfear’s fires, sinking it into the river. Flames that a moment before engulfed human forms, vanished. In the same instant he wove the flows again, and a misty gray dome came into being, a long oval enclosing him and Lanfear and most of the wagons, an almost transparent wall that shut out all not already within. Even as he tied the weave, he was not sure what it was or where it had come from—some memory of Lews Therin’s perhaps—but Lanfear’s fires struck it and stopped. He could see people outside dimly, too many thrashing and flailing—he had taken the flames, not the searing of flesh; that stench still hung in the air—but none would burn now that had not already. Bodies lay inside, too, mounds of charred cloth, some stirring feebly, moaning. She did not care; her channeled flames winked out; the gnats were dispelled; she never glanced aside.
Heartbeats. He was cold in the emptiness of the Void, and if he felt sorrow for the dead and dying and scarred, the feeling was so far off it might not have been. He was cold itself. Emptiness itself. Only the rage of saidin filled him.
Movement to either side. Aviendha and Egwene, eyes concentrated on Lanfear. He had meant to shut them out from this. They must have raced with him. Mat and Asmodean; outside; the wall missed the final few wagons. In icy calm he channeled Air to snare Lanfear; Egwene and Aviendha could shield her while he distracted her.
Something severed his flows; they snapped back so hard that he grunted.
“One of them?” Lanfear snarled. “Which is Aviendha?”  “Which?” Aviendha rose on tiptoes, shuddering, howls chasing Egwene’s as they climbed higher and higher.
The thought was suddenly there in the emptiness. Spirit woven so, with Fire and Earth. There. Rand felt something being cut, something he could not see, and Egwene collapsed in a motionless heap, Aviendha to hands and knees, head down and swaying.
 “You are mine, Lews Therin! Mine!”
“No.” Rand’s voice seemed to come to his ears down a mile-long tunnel. Distract her from the girls. He kept moving forward, did not look back. “I was never yours, Mierin. I will always belong to Ilyena.” The Void quivered with sorrow and loss. And with desperation, as he fought something besides the scouring of saidin. For a moment he hung balanced. I am Rand al’Thor. And, Ilyena, ever and always my heart. Balanced on a razor edge. I am Rand al’Thor! Other thoughts tried to well up, a fountain of them, of Ilyena, of Mierin, of what he could do to defeat her. He forced them down, even the last. If he came down on the wrong side . . . I am Rand al’Thor! “Your name is Lanfear, and I’ll die before I love one of the Forsaken.”
Something that might have been anguish crossed her face; then it was a marble mask once more. “If you are not mine,” she said coldly, “then you are dead.”
Agony in his chest, as if his heart was about to explode, in his head, white-hot nails driving into his brain, pain so strong that inside the Void he wanted to scream. Death was there, and he knew it. Frantically—even in the Void, frantic; emptiness shimmered, dwindled—he wove Spirit and Fire and Earth, flailing it wildly. His heart was no longer beating. Fingers of dark pain crushing the Void. Gray veil falling over his eyes. He felt his weave slice raggedly through hers. The burn of breath in empty lungs, lurch of heart beginning to pump again. He could see again, silver and black flecks floated between him and a stone-faced Lanfear still catching her balance from the rebound of her flows. The pain was there in head and chest like wounds, but the Void firmed, and bodily pain was remote.
Well that it was distant, for he had no time to recover. Forcing himself to move forward, he struck at her with Air, a club to knock her senseless. She slashed the weave, and he struck again, again, again each time that she sliced through his last weave, a furious rain of blows she somehow saw and countered, always moving closer. If he could keep her occupied for a moment more, if one of those invisible cudgels landed on her head, if he could get close enough to strike her with his fist . . . Unconscious, she would be as helpless as anyone else.
Suddenly she seemed to realize what he was doing. Still blocking his blows as easily as if she could see every one, she danced backwards until her shoulders hit the wagon behind her. And she smiled like winter’s heart.
It was not at him directly that she struck this time. It was at his link to saidin.
Panic rang the Void like a gong at the first knife-sharp touch, the Power diminishing as it slid deeper between him and the Source. With Spirit and Fire and Earth he cut at the knife blade; he knew where to find it; he knew where his link was, could feel that first nick. Her attempted shield vanished, reappeared, returned as fast as he could cut it, but always with that momentary ebbing of saidin, moments when it almost failed, leaving his counterstroke barely enough to foil her attack. Handling two weaves at once should have been easy—he could handle ten or more—but not when one was a desperate defense against something he could not know was there until it was almost too late. Not when another man’s thoughts kept trying to surface inside the Void, trying to tell him how to defeat her. If he listened, it might be Lews Therin Telamon who walked away, with Rand al’Thor a voice sometimes floating in his head if that.
“I’ll make both of those trulls watch you beg,” Lanfear said. “But should I make them watch you die first, or you them?” When had she climbed into the open wagon-bed? He had to watch her, watch for any hint that she was tiring, her concentration slipping. It was a vain hope. Standing beside the twisted doorframe ter’angreal, she looked down at him, a queen about to pass sentence, yet she could spare time for chill smiles at a dark ivory bracelet that she turned over and over in her fingers. “Which will hurt you most, Lews Therin? I want you to hurt. I want you to know pain such as no man has ever known!”
The thicker the flow to him from the Source, the harder it would be to cut.  He drew on saidin as deeply as he could, till the taint floated in the emptiness with him like misting rain.
“Pain, Lews Therin.”
And there was pain, the world swallowed in agony. Not heart or head this time, but everywhere, every part of him, hot needles stabbing into the Void. He almost thought he could hear a quenching hiss at each thrust, and each came deeper than the last. Her attempts to shield him did not slow; they came faster, stronger. He could not believe she was so strong. Clinging to the Void, to searing, freezing saidin, he defended himself wildly. He could end it, finish her. He could call down lightning, or wrap her in the fire she herself had used to kill.
Images darted through the pain: A woman in a dark merchant’s dress, toppling from her horse, the fire-red sword light in his hands; she had come to kill him, with a fistful of other Darkfriends. Mat’s bleak eyes; I killed her. A golden-haired woman lying in a ruined hallway where, it seemed, the very walls had melted and flowed. Ilyena, forgive me! It was a despairing cry.
He could end it. Only, he could not. He was going to die, perhaps the world would die, but he could not make himself kill another woman. Somehow it seemed the richest joke the world had ever seen.
Wiping the blood from her mouth, Moiraine crawled out from beneath the tail of the wagon and rose unsteadily to her feet, the sound of a man’s laughter in her ears. In spite of herself, her eyes darted, searching for Lan, found him lying almost against the foggy gray wall of the dome that stretched overhead. He twitched, perhaps trying to find strength to rise, perhaps dying. She forced him out of her mind. He had saved her life so many times that by rights it should have belonged to him, but she had long since done what she could to see that he survived his lone war with the Shadow. Now he must live or die without her.
It was Rand laughing, on his knees on the stones of the quay. Laughing, with tears streaming down a face twisted like a man being put to the question. Moiraine felt a chill. If the madness had him, it was beyond her. She could only do what she could do. What she must do.
The sight of Lanfear hit her like a blow. Not surprise, but the shock of seeing what had been in her dreams so often since Rhuidean. Lanfear standing on the wagon-bed, blazing bright as the sun with saidar, framed by the twisted redstone ter’angreal as she stared down at Rand, a pitiless smile on her lips. She was turning a bracelet in her hands. An angreal; unless Rand had his own angreal, she should be able to crush him with that. Either he did, or Lanfear was toying with him. It did not matter. Moiraine did not like that circle of carved age-dark ivory. At first glance it seemed to be an acrobat bending backwards to grip his ankles. Only a closer look would show that his wrists and ankles were bound together. She did not like it, but she had brought it out of Rhuidean. Yesterday she had taken the bracelet from a sack of odds-and-ends and left it lying there at the foot of the doorframe.
Moiraine was slight, a small woman. Her weight did not disturb the wagon at all as she pulled herself up. She winced as her dress caught on a splinter and tore, but Lanfear did not look around. The woman had dealt with every threat except Rand; he was the only corner of the world she acknowledged in the least right then.
Suppressing a small bubble of hope—she could not allow herself that luxury—Moiraine balanced upright a moment on the wagon-tail, then embraced the True Source and leaped at Lanfear. The Forsaken had an instant’s warning, enough to turn before Moiraine struck her, clawing the bracelet away. Face to face, they toppled through the doorframe ter’angreal. White light swallowed everything.


We’re hoping if you’re reading this guide, you’re already logged into your Pokemon Go app and ready to start capturing Pokemon. While you’re looking at the map of your surrounding area, you’ll notice a small, white rectangle that highlights what Pokemon are in your immediate area. Tap on that area to bring up the “Nearby” window. This window will display all of the Pokemon close by as well as their distance to you. Distance is measured in paw prints. The smaller the number of prints, the closer the Pokemon is to you. Unfortunately, no one knows the exactdistance Pokemon are located based on paw prints, but just know the fewer the prints, the closer it is to you.
The next thing to do is select a Target Pokemon. Once selected, you’ll need to keep an eye on the amount of paw prints that’s displayed as this is how you’ll be able to track where the Pokemon is located. You can also use Incense and Lures to increase the amount of Pokemon spawning around you.
Now - start walking.
While you’re walking, if the number of paw prints goes up, turn around and walk the other way so the number goes back down. Continue walking in the direction where the paw prints are going down, and they’ll eventually go back up again. Turn around again and go to the point where the amount of paw prints is the lowest, then turn 90 degrees to either side and walk directly forward. If you’re walking away from your target, turn around to walk straight towards your Pokemon.
If our directions are tough to visualize, here’s a handy infographic that was submitted to Reddit which makes a little more sense of everything:


The goal of this project is to develop a code that can perform simulations of an open cluster using Newtonian gravity. This project is inspired by an article by M. Joyce and co-workers, see also the references below. When solving this project, we recommend downloading this article. It is a good companion to understand the physics discussed here. This project requires a good background in cosmology and astrophysics. The project can be seen as a continuation of project 3 and we will use again the Velocity Verlet algorithm.
We will try to build a simple model of an open cluster, as done by M. Joyce and co-workers. An open cluster is a group of up to a few thousand gravitationally bound stars created from the collapse of a molecular cloud. This collapse leads to a flurry of star formation. Open clusters are usually found in the arms of spiral galaxies, or in irregular galaxies. Since stars in an open cluster have roughly the same age, and are made from the same material, they are interesting in the study of stellar evolution, since many of the variable parameters we have when comparing two stars are kept constant.
Once open clusters are formed they gradually dissipate as members get ejected from the cluster due to random collisions, this means that open clusters generally last only a few hundred million years. In the figure here we see the Hertzsprung-Russell diagrams for two open clusters.
We will study a simple model for how an open cluster is made from the gravitational collapse and interaction among a large number of stars. We want to study this collapse, and the statistical properties of the collapsed system. We will simulate what is called a cold collapse, this means that we start the particles with little or no initial velocity. You will also find it useful to start with the code you developed in project 3.
Extend your code from project 3 to an arbitrary number of particles, \( N \), starting with a uniform (random) distribution within a sphere of a given radius \( R_0 \). Start the particles at rest, with masses randomly distributed by a Gaussian distribution around ten solar masses with a standard deviation of one solar mass. Use solar masses and light years as units of mass and length and make your equations dimensionless. This function is included below and can be used to generate random numbers which follow a Gaussian (or normal) distribution. Alternatively, you can use the random class in c++ and generate random numbers according to the normal distribution.
How large time steps are required given \( R_0 = 20 \) ly (light years), and \( N = 100 \)? Do we have any units of time that fit this timescale? In the limit where \( N \rightarrow \infty \), keeping \( \rho_0 \) constant, we get a continuous fluid. In this case the system collapses into a singularity at a finite time \( \tau_{\mathrm{crunch}} = \sqrt{\frac{3\pi}{32G\rho_0}} \).
Why do we not observe this singularity in our model? Use \( \tau_{\mathrm{crunch}} \) as the unit of time, and find \( G \) in these units (\( G \) will become a function of the number of particles \( N \), and the average mass of the particles, \( \mu \)).
The parameter \( \epsilon \) is a small real constant. What should the value of this parameter be? Try out different values (which one gives you the best energy conservation?). Can we justify this correction to the pure Newtonian force by noting that our particles do not represent actual point particles but rather mass distributions of some finite extent? Does the addition of this correction change any of the results from the previous exercise?
The virial theorem says that for a bound gravitational system in equilibrium we have $$ \begin{equation*} 2\langle K\rangle = -\langle V \rangle, \end{equation*} $$ where \( \langle K\rangle \) is the average (over time) kinetic energy of the system and $ \langle V \rangle$ is the average potential energy.
By the ergodic hypothesis we can take an ensemble average (average over a large system) instead of the time average.
Are your results consistent with the virial theorem?
Run the code for different number of initial particles, keeping the total mass constant. The interpretation of one particle as one or a few stars will not be useful any more when you increase the number of particles beyond a few thousand, however the analysis of gravitationally bound systems of many particles have much broader applications than cold collapse of open clusters, so the results are still highly relevant. What is the average distance from the centre of the cluser as a function of \( N \)?
The radial distribution of particles in this kind of cold collapse can often be fit very well with the simple expression $$ \begin{equation*} n(r) = \frac{n_0}{\left(1 +\left(\frac{r}{r_0}\right)^4\right)}. \end{equation*} $$ Try to fit your data to this curve, what is the value \( n_0 \) and \( r_0 \)? Can you find how these values depend on N?
How many particles can you simulate?
Compare your results with those found in M. Joyce and co-workers.
If you want, you can also compare your results to the well-known Navarro-Frenk-White profile $$ \begin{equation*} \rho(r) = \frac{\rho_0}{\frac{r}{r_0}\left(1 +\frac{r}{r_0}\right)^2}. \end{equation*} $$ Does this give a better fit?
// ran2 for uniform deviates, initialize with negative seed.
double ran2(long *);
// function for gaussian random numbers
double gaussian_deviate(long *);
/*
** The function
** ran2()
** is a long periode (> 2 x 10^18) random number generator of
** L'Ecuyer and Bays-Durham shuffle and added safeguards.
** Call with idum a negative integer to initialize; thereafter,
** do not alter idum between sucessive deviates in a
** sequence. RNMX should approximate the largest floating point value
** that is less than 1.
** The function returns a uniform deviate between 0.0 and 1.0
** (exclusive of end-point values).
*/
#define IM1<PHONE_NUMBER>
#define IM2<PHONE_NUMBER>
#define AM (1.0/IM1)
#define IMM1 (IM1-1)
#define IA1 40014
#define IA2 40692
#define IQ1 53668
#define IQ2 52774
#define IR1 12211
#define IR2 3791
#define NTAB 32
#define NDIV (1+IMM1/NTAB)
#define EPS 1.2e-7
#define RNMX (1.0-EPS)
double ran2(long *idum)
{
int j;
long k;
static long idum2 = 123456789;
static long iy=0;
static long iv[NTAB];
double temp;
if(*idum <= 0) {
if(-(*idum) < 1) *idum = 1;
else *idum = -(*idum);
idum2 = (*idum);
for(j = NTAB + 7; j >= 0; j--) {
k = (*idum)/IQ1;
*idum = IA1*(*idum - k*IQ1) - k*IR1;
if(*idum < 0) *idum += IM1;
if(j < NTAB) iv[j] = *idum;
}
iy=iv[0];
}
k = (*idum)/IQ1;
*idum = IA1*(*idum - k*IQ1) - k*IR1;
if(*idum < 0) *idum += IM1;
k = idum2/IQ2;
idum2 = IA2*(idum2 - k*IQ2) - k*IR2;
if(idum2 < 0) idum2 += IM2;
j = iy/NDIV;
iy = iv[j] - idum2;
iv[j] = *idum;
if(iy < 1) iy += IMM1;
if((temp = AM*iy) > RNMX) return RNMX;
else return temp;
}
#undef IM1
#undef IM2
#undef AM
#undef IMM1
#undef IA1
#undef IA2
#undef IQ1
#undef IQ2
#undef IR1
#undef IR2
#undef NTAB
#undef NDIV
#undef EPS
#undef RNMX
// End: function ran2()
// random numbers with gaussian distribution
double gaussian_deviate(long * idum)
{
static int iset = 0;
static double gset;
double fac, rsq, v1, v2;
if ( idum < 0) iset =0;
if (iset == 0) {
do {
v1 = 2.*ran2(idum) -1.0;
v2 = 2.*ran2(idum) -1.0;
rsq = v1*v1+v2*v2;
} while (rsq >= 1.0 || rsq == 0.);
fac = sqrt(-2.*log(rsq)/rsq);
gset = v1*fac;
iset = 1;
return v2*fac;
} else {
iset =0;
return gset;
}
} // end function for gaussian deviates
Here follows a brief recipe and recommendation on how to write a report for each project.
The preferred format for the report is a PDF file. You can also use DOC or postscript formats or as an ipython notebook file. As programming language we prefer that you choose between C/C++, Fortran2008 or Python. The following prescription should be followed when preparing the report:


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| Module | TzTimeHelpers::ActiveRecordMethods |
| In: |
vendor/plugins/tztime/lib/tz_time_helpers/active_record_methods.rb
|
# File vendor/plugins/tztime/lib/tz_time_helpers/active_record_methods.rb, line 24 24: def fix_timezone 25: tz_time_attributes.each do |attribute| 26: time = read_attribute(attribute) 27: if (time.acts_like?(:time) || time.acts_like?(:date)) && !time.utc? 28: write_attribute(attribute, Time.at(TzTime.zone.local_to_utc(time))) 29: end 30: end 31: end
Adds the given list of attributes to a class inheritable array tz_time_attributes. All the attributes will have their timezones fixed in a before_save callback, and will have a getter method created that converts UTC times from the database into a local TzTime. The getter method is important because TzTime values are saved to the database as UTC. The getter lets you access the local time without changing your application.
# File vendor/plugins/tztime/lib/tz_time_helpers/active_record_methods.rb, line 8 8: def tz_time_attributes(*attributes) 9: class_inheritable_array :tz_time_attributes, :instance_writer => false 10: self.tz_time_attributes = attributes 11: class_eval do 12: attributes.each do |attribute| 13: define_method attribute do 14: time = read_attribute(attribute) 15: if (time.acts_like?(:time) || time.acts_like?(:date)) && time.utc? 16: write_attribute(attribute, TzTime.at(Time.at(TzTime.zone.utc_to_local(time)))) 17: else 18: time 19: end 20: end 21: end 22: 23: protected 24: def fix_timezone 25: tz_time_attributes.each do |attribute| 26: time = read_attribute(attribute) 27: if (time.acts_like?(:time) || time.acts_like?(:date)) && !time.utc? 28: write_attribute(attribute, Time.at(TzTime.zone.local_to_utc(time))) 29: end 30: end 31: end 32: end 33: before_validation :fix_timezone 34: end


[Last updated on 20050930 by Jeff Shrager] Generally this staging step is done outside of BioLingua (just using raw acl). 1. Find the latest GO OBO XML release: http://www.godatabase.org/dev/database/archive/latest (This path may change, but what you're looking for is something like: go_200501-termdb.obo-xml.gz) 1.5 Backup any old version of GO.XML and GODB.LISP in the bkup subdir. 2. put it in the go data load location (e.g.,/usr/local/bioetc/data/go) And unzip it if necessary and rename it to GO.XML 3. Make sure you're in that directory (cd) and start up a lisp, and do: (require :pxml) (setq go (with-open-file (i "go.xml") (NET.XML.PARSER:PARSE-XML i))) This should take about a minute. 3.5 (Load (compile-file "/usr/local/biolisp/Gocode/go-xml-to-lisp.lisp")) 4. (strip-xml-parsed-go go) This will create godb.lisp Assuming that we've downloaded and xml-parsed the TERMDB.xml from the latest Gene Ontology upload, this turns it into the GO form required for upload. NOTE: If the format of the GO XML changes, you'll have to recode go-xml-to-lisp.lisp appropriately. Processing the GO data into frames: The function MAKE-GO-FRAMES optionally reads in the godb.lisp file, creates frames for all the GO concepts, and dumps out these frames to a file called godb.frames in the same directory as the godb.lisp file. The function GO-RECORDS-TO-FRAMES does the actual transformations. This function makes two passes over the database records. The first creates a frame for the record and establishes some of its properties. The second processes the slots of each database record. Using GO frames: All frames created by MAKE-GO-FRAMES are tagged with the value :go for the slot #$Source. The variable *go-frames* is a list of all such created frames, and the function GOID->FRAMES takes a GOID (an integer, or a string representation of an integer) and returns the frame created for that GOID. Most frames associated with the GO are named with a prefix "GO.". Some frames created by the GO processing are given the prefix "EC.". These are EC-REF references found in the go data (enzyme reference ID's). In these frames a link is provided to an outside database which gives more information about the enzyme identified by the EC reference. The EC reference frames instantiated here are also tagged with #$Source :go, and are included in the *go-frames* list.
Obtaining Kegg
See the directions in the file kegg-frames.lisp in the directory where the
code related to Kegg resides (currently the KEGG subdirectory of the source
hierarchy).
Kegg comes as an entire directory, including some documentation, four main database files called 'compound', 'glycan', 'reaction' and 'enzyme', and Subdirectories include image files (gifs) containing chemical structures for some of the data items in the database files.
Processing the Kegg data into frames
Unlike GO, the Kegg database files are not first transformed into Lispified
versions of themselves. The function MAKE-KEGG-FRAMES reads directly from
the line-oriented database files, internally turning each record in each
of the files into a list, but never writing out these listified records as
an intermediate form.
A Kegg frame is created for each record read from the database files. (Records are separated in the database files by the terminator line '///'). All such created frames are tagged with :kegg in each frame's #$Source slot. Further, the database file the record originated from, as a keyword (e.g., :compound) is stored in the #$Kegg.Source.s slot of each frame. URL pointers to gif image files are defined, as appropriate, for some of the frames in the #$Kegg.image.s slot.
Using Kegg frames
Kegg frames created from database records are named according to their
'accession' numbers, which are tokens beginning with 'C', 'G', 'R' or
'E' and followed by a digit string. These created frames along with
other some other frames associated with Kegg are stored in the list
variable *kegg-frames*. All Kegg frames are given the prefix "KEGG.".
To access a Kegg frame given its accession id, construct a frame name of the form KEGG.id, e.g., "KEGG.C00282", then call FRAME-FNAMED on that string.
Many Kegg database frames have a set of 'names' associated with them. These are stored in the #$Kegg.name.s slot. This slot is an 'indexed' slot, which means that one can find all the Kegg frames that were given a name NAME (many Kegg frames are given duplicate names), in constant time using the frames function SLOT-LOOKUP. So
(SLOT-LOOKUP "hydrogen" #$Kegg.name.s) will return the singleton list (#$KEGG.C00282) while (SLOT-LOOKUP "GM3 analog" #$Kegg.name.s) will return a number of frames in a list.The function FIND-KEGG-FRAMES may be used when one does not know the accession number or an exact name. Using the :partial-match option, this function will search the names associated with a Kegg frame for a substring you provide. See the documentation for this function for further information.
The Ocelot Database for Cyanobacteria
Obtaining Ocelot
This information is not currently available. Please stay tuned.
Processing the Ocelot data into frames
The function MAKE-OCELOT-FRAMES optionally reads in the ocelot database file,
creates frames for all the OCELOT concepts, and dumps out these frames
to a file called ocelotdb.frames
The Ocelot database file for cyanobacteria is called cyano6803base.ocelot It comes as a set of Lisp forms, so no transformation as is done with GO need be performed.
The function OCELOT-RECORDS-TO-FRAMES does the actual processing of each form/record, and performs a two-pass algorithm. The first creates a frame for each record read in, and does preliminary processing on the slots / sublists of each record. The second pass turns symbolic references in the slots into pointers to ocelot frame objects created in the first pass.
Using Ocelot frames
All frames created by MAKE-OCELOT-FRAMES are tagged with the value :ocelot for
the slot #$Source. The variable *ocelot-frames* is a list of all such
created frames. The frames created by and associated with Ocelot are named
using the prefix "OC.".
Each Ocelot database record is identified by a unique name, which becomes the name of the frame associated with that record (suitably prefixed and otherwise modified to conform to legal frame-name syntax).
Calling (make-kdb-frames :redo? t) will rebuild everything named in the variable *existing-kdb-names*, defined in .../Kdbs/make.lisp (e.g., '(:go :kegg :ocelot)), and will redump them into bioetc:data;kdbframes. This is the standard way to rebuild even if you've only changed one of the kdbs.
How the knowledge bases are threaded together.
Currently, only Kegg and GO are threaded together. Code exists to
thread GO and Ocelot, but it is not used (instead, threading is done
through the genes of various organisms that are loaded -- a separate
but related discussion).
The function THREAD-KDBS is intended to be the toplevel 'threader'. Currently, it simply calls THREAD-KEGG-WITH-OTHER-DBS, which currently only calls THREAD-KEGG-COMPOUNDS.
THREAD-KEGG-COMPOUNDS uses word homology to match the names of Kegg
compounds (strings found in the #$Kegg.name.s slot of Kegg frames that
represent compounds) against the names of molecules created by GO
processing *** needs to be discussed in the GO Processing section !! ***
The best match (assuming there is a high-threshold match at all) for
each Kegg compound is stored in the #$Kegg.GOframe.s slot of the Kegg
compound's frame and likewise, an inverse pointer is stored in the
#$Go.KEGGframe.s slot of the GO molecule so matched.
Back to Index


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| Oxfordshire Family History Society | Main Menu |
|---|
|
Oxfordshire Family History Society was founded in 1976 to encourage and promote the study of Family History. It caters both for those with Oxfordshire ancestry (who usually live at a distance) and for those who live locally (whose ancestors usually come from elsewhere). The Society is a Registered Charity, No. 275891, and a member of the Federation of Family History Societies. The aims of the Society are:
To learn more about the Society's activities and for up to date contact information, please visit the Society's web site at www.ofhs.org.uk |
| The Parish Church of St. Mary, Cogges, Oxfordshire. | Copyright © St. Mary's Church Cogges Parochial Church Council, 2005 |
| Updated 10th February 2005 | Feedback |


Full Challenge
First 3 Mazes
Polyominos
Stars
Symmetry
2 Color Triple
3 Color Triple
Triangles
Pillars
Random Doors
Generate New
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DjangoCon US is an international conference made up of a mixture of professionals and volunteers from all over the world. To support a welcoming environment for all, regardless of individual differences, we have a few ground rules that we ask people to adhere to when they participate in these community activities. These rules apply equally to organizers, moderators, presenters, sponsors, affiliates, and all participants.
Be kind to others. Do not insult or put down other attendees. Behave professionally.
Thank you for helping make this a welcoming, friendly event for all.
Need help?
If you are being harassed, notice that someone else is being harassed, or have any other concerns, please contact the conference Code of Conduct committee at {{site.conduct_email}}{% comment %} or<PHONE_NUMBER>{% endcomment %}.
Full Code of Conduct
To make clear what is expected, all delegates/attendees, speakers, exhibitors, organizers and volunteers at any DjangoCon US event are required to conform to the following Code of Conduct. Organizers will enforce this code throughout the event.
What the conference is
DjangoCon US is a community conference intended for networking and collaboration in the developer community.
We value the participation of each member of the Django community and want all attendees to have an enjoyable and fulfilling experience. Accordingly, all attendees are expected to show respect and courtesy to other attendees throughout the conference, at all conference events, and in all conference online spaces (such as Slack and our online conference platform), whether officially sponsored by DjangoCon US or not.
Be Kind To Others
Do not insult or put down other attendees. Behave professionally. Remember that harassment and sexist, racist, or exclusionary jokes are not appropriate for DjangoCon US. Attendees violating these rules may be asked to leave the conference without a refund at the sole discretion of the conference organizers.
Be Respectful
Not all of us will agree all the time, but disagreement is no excuse for poor behavior and poor manners. We do not tolerate harassment of conference participants in any form.

Choose Your Words
Be careful in the words that you choose.   We are all adults, capable of having adult conversations. Preface your presentation with appropriate Trigger/Content Warnings, if necessary.
All communication should be appropriate for a professional audience including people of many different backgrounds. Sexual language and imagery is not appropriate for any conference venue, including talks.
Participants asked to stop any harassing behavior are expected to comply immediately.
Exhibitors in the expo hall, sponsor or vendor booths, or similar activities are also subject to the anti-harassment policy. In particular, exhibitors should not use sexualized images, activities, or other material. Booth staff (including volunteers) should not use sexualized clothing/uniforms/costumes, or otherwise create a sexualized environment.
Photography
In order to make DjangoCon US 2021 a great experience for everyone, do not photograph, video, or audio record anyone at DjangoCon without their express permission, sought in advance. If someone does not want to be photographed, video or audio recorded, please respect their wishes. Do not take screenshots or screen recordings of anyone, including presenters, without their permission.
Crowd shots are permitted, but when only the faces of a few people are visible, permission should be sought from all of those individuals.
If a participant engages in behavior that violates this code of conduct, the conference organizers may take any action they deem appropriate, including warning the offender or expulsion from the conference with no refund.
Video Backgrounds
For those intending to use their webcams, any virtual backgrounds or items on display within the field of view of the webcam must also conform with the code of conduct. Speakers and participants should not have or use any items depicting sexualization, objectification, weaponry, or imagery that represents or espouses hateful rhetoric.
License and Thanks
This Code of Conduct was forked from the example policy from the Geek Feminism wiki, created by the Ada Initiative and other volunteers. which is under a Creative Commons Zero license. We have also based some sections on the PyCascades 2021 Code of Conduct.
DjangoCon US Conference Code of Conduct is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported License.


Want to combine your favorite comfort food with warm soup? Look no further than this delicious twist.
RecipeThese cool and crisp bites are the perfect snack for a summer day!
RecipeVeggie lovers will crave this simple snack! It tastes good and is good for you! :)
Recipe


Hush has been building the first ever open source private messenger service based on Zcash technology. Hush & Komodo not only share core developers, but coinciding views on the importance of independent right to privacy.
100 messages
Before 05-Dec-19 12:00 AM
GatewayBOT23-Oct-19 11:48 AM
[dscrd-hush] <dukeleto> !tip 11 random users 55 hush
[dscrd-hush] <tip.cc> :HUSH: @dukeleto sent @1337xKNIGHT, @Andreas, @JandroMR, @perfectr, @prakharam, @quikstiix, @rumhurius, @TsuNami, @wkibbler, @Yannik and @Zimonator 5.00 HUSH (≈ $0.16) each :cloud_rain:.
Use !tip nomention to stop being pinged by tips.
[dscrd-hush] <dukeleto> mornin'
GatewayBOT23-Oct-19 12:02 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Berg> Thanks guys :hush_white:
GatewayBOT23-Oct-19 12:13 PM
[dscrd-hush] <franciscana23> Have a nice day
GatewayBOT23-Oct-19 02:33 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Woody The Flipping Woodpecker> Good morning friends. Hope your all having a great day. @dukeleto thank you again time to make some art be back soon
Form Responses 1
Timestamp,How much bitcoin or bitcoin worth hush can you donate?,Your discord username?
1/11/2018 8:39:13,0.05,Raja_MBZ
1/11/2018 8:53:13,0.005,bardacuda
1/11/2018 8:58:14,0.025,elmeky
1/11/2018 8:59:47,0.01,heguli97
GatewayBOT23-Oct-19 05:32 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> Good ol nostalgia lol
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> Jk jk
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> @Raja_MBZ Hows it going boss?
This is really not that surprising but it turns out that 42% of employees in the industry work for crypto exchanges. Another 20% work for ASIC manufacturers and cryptocurrency foundations
[dscrd-hush] <dukeleto> interesting breakdown of the industry
phm8723-Oct-19 07:38 PM
exchange is a huge part
GatewayBOT23-Oct-19 09:45 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> @dukeleto look up
Holy shitte(edited)
GatewayBOT23-Oct-19 10:36 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> Edward Snowden on Joe Rogan(edited)
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> Joe Rogan is not afraid to go down the wormhole
GatewayBOT23-Oct-19 10:47 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> So 42% work for exchanges, 10.7% for mining, 4% on Custody & Wallet & 1% on HW Wallet, and only 10.5% of employees actually work for cryptocurrencies.
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> That should tell you that Exchanges, they run crypto. I am not a fan of this.
GatewayBOT24-Oct-19 03:57 AM
[dscrd-hush] <1112> Wow that's a lot more diverse than i thought. I thought 50% worked as financial analysts on twitter, and the other half were selling bitcoin t-shirts.
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> SuperKek
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> Other half on TradingView
GatewayBOT24-Oct-19 08:44 AM
[dscrd-hush] <MikeO> Hello. in the linux wallet, whats the difference between "confirmations" and "rawconfirmations" ?
It was 36 years ago and Steve Jobs wrote and recorded this product introduction for the Apple IIe.
This is a very rare clip from an Apple Dealer promotion VHS (and betamax) video.
It is a fascinating insight on ideas that would later flourish.
Lets time travel back to ...
Likes
104
[dscrd-hush] <dukeleto> Blast from the past, y'all
GatewayBOT24-Oct-19 01:00 PM
[dscrd-hush] <dukeleto> !tip 11 random users 55 hush
[dscrd-hush] <tip.cc> :HUSH: @dukeleto sent @Crypto Jon, @Cryptoon, @d3ullist, @DelintiQ, @iceyballz, @JBR, @jjimmyss, @! PADAMA aka PHASIST ONE, @RichyRob, @superman and @sφldat 5.00 HUSH (≈ $0.19) each :cloud_rain:.
Use !tip nomention to stop being pinged by tips.
[dscrd-hush] <dukeleto> enjoy, folks
[dscrd-hush] <AkiraX> Thanks
GatewayBOT24-Oct-19 03:48 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Woody The Flipping Woodpecker> How is everyone doing today?
[dscrd-hush] <Heno1974> wow
[dscrd-hush] <pal> When we will have the new wallet?
GatewayBOT24-Oct-19 05:35 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> @Woody The Flipping Woodpecker Good
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> @pal In the near future. They've been working on it.
GatewayBOT24-Oct-19 09:14 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Woody The Flipping Woodpecker> @Crypto99 cool I took a nap lol work up just in time to go pick up my kids
GatewayBOT24-Oct-19 09:25 PM
[dscrd-hush] <Crypto99> A siesta is always nice
GatewayBOT25-Oct-19 03:58 AM
[dscrd-hush] <Woody The Flipping Woodpecker> @Crypto99 yes and very needed when your children wake you up at night lol
GatewayBOT25-Oct-19 12:34 PM
[dscrd-hush] <franciscana23> Greetings
[dscrd-hush] <dukeleto> !tip 11 random users 55 hush
[dscrd-hush] <tip.cc> :HUSH: @dukeleto sent @benohanlon, @Chewy, @DeMoNloK ZombiePool.run, @fireatwil, @JiveBuddha, @Lina Meder, @maleficium, @mojs, @Nepp2.0!FreeYNWmelly, @RakeshK and @ronyi 5.00 HUSH (≈ $0.16) each :cloud_rain:.


|
Interface Summary |
| AttributeHelper.EnumToAttributeValue<T extends Enum<T>> |
Defines a custom mapping of an enum value to an attribute value (similar to
a closure). |
| Extension |
Interface for GData extension data types. |
| ExtensionVisitor |
The ExtensionVisitor interface describes the implementation of a visitor
pattern for GData data model processing. |
| ICategory |
Shared Category interface. |
| IContent |
Shared interface for content. |
| IEntry |
Shared interface for model and data BaseEntry to implement. |
| IFeed |
Shared interface for model and data BaseFeed to implement. |
| IGenerator |
Shared generator interface. |
| ILink |
Common interface for Links. |
| IOutOfLineContent |
Shared interface for OutOfLineContent implementations. |
| IPerson |
Shared person interface. |
| ITextConstruct |
Shared text construct interface. |
| Kind.Adaptable |
The Adaptable interface is implemented by GData ExtensionPoint
types that can be flexible adapted based upon the presence of GData
kind category elements. |
| Kind.Adaptor |
The Adaptor interface is implemented by Extension classes
that provide extension declaration and data modeling support for
specific GData kinds. |
| Reference |
The Reference interface is implemented by data model types that contain a
reference to addressable content. |
| ValidatingExtension |
Extends the base Extension interface to enable validation
of extension contents. |
| XmlEventSource |
A generic source of xml events that can be parsed by an instance of
DefaultHandler . |
|
Class Summary |
| AbstractExtension |
Common extension implementation for sharing code among implementers of
Extension . |
| AttributeGenerator |
Helps generate tag attributes, preserving the order of the attributes. |
| AttributeHelper |
Helps accessing tag attributes. |
| AttributeHelper.LowerCaseEnumToAttributeValue<T extends Enum<T>> |
Implements the most common custom mapping of an enum value to an attribute
value using the lower-case form of the enum name. |
| BaseEntry<E extends BaseEntry> |
The BaseEntry class is an abstract base class that defines the
in-memory object model for GData entries. |
| BaseEntry.EntryState |
The EntryState class provides a simple structure that encapsulates
the attributes of an Atom entry that should be shared with a shallow
copy if the entry is adapted to a more specific BaseEntry
Kind.Adaptor subtypes. |
| BaseFeed<F extends BaseFeed,E extends BaseEntry> |
The BaseFeed class is an abstract base class that represents a
generic GData feed object, based primarily on the data model for
an <atom:feed> element. |
| BaseFeed.FeedState |
The FeedState class provides a simple structure that encapsulates
the attributes of an Atom feed that should be shared with a shallow
copy if the feed is adapted to a more specific BaseFeed
Kind.Adaptor subtypes. |
| Category |
Category type. |
| Content |
Abstract base class for entry content. |
| Content.ChildHandlerInfo |
Return type for
Content.getChildHandler(ExtensionProfile, Attributes) contains an
element handler and a content element. |
| Content.Type |
Defines the possible content types. |
| DateTime |
Represents a date/time, or a date without a time. |
| Entry |
The Entry class customizes the BaseFeed class to represent the most
generic possible entry type. |
| EnumConstruct |
The EnumConstruct class defines a special type of ValueConstruct
where the attribute values are constrained to a discrete set of valid
values. |
| ExtensionDescription |
The ExtensionDescription class describes the attributes of an XML extension
type. |
| ExtensionManifest |
The ExtensionManifest class is a helper class used to maintain a
relationship between an ExtensionPoint type set of expected
extensions with it, as described by a map of namespace URI/local name
pairs to ExtensionDescription instances. |
| ExtensionPoint |
Base class for GData data types that support hosting extensions. |
| ExtensionProfile |
Specifies a complete extension profile for an extended GData schema. |
| Feed |
The Feed class customizes the BaseFeed class to represent the most
generic possible feed type. |
| Generator |
Atom generator type. |
| HtmlTextConstruct |
HTML variant of TextConstruct . |
| ITextConstruct.Type |
Defines the possible text construct types: TEXT, HTML, and XHTML. |
| Kind |
The Kind class defines annotation types, interfaces and static helper
methods for GData Kind extension handling. |
| Kind.AdaptableHelper |
A simple helper class implementation of the Kind.Adaptable interface. |
| Link |
External link type. |
| Link.Rel |
The Rel class defines constants for some common link relation types. |
| Link.Type |
The Type class contains several common link content types. |
| OtherContent |
Variant of Content for entries containing miscellaneous
inlined content types. |
| OutOfLineContent |
Variant of Content for entries that reference external content. |
| ParseSource |
The ParseSource class represents a data input source that can be used to
read parseable GData content. |
| Person |
Person type used for feed and entry authors and contributors. |
| PlainTextConstruct |
Plain text variant of TextConstruct . |
| PubControl |
Publication control tag app:control, which usually contains app:draft. |
| Rfc3339Handler |
Parser for the atomPerson type. |
| Source |
The Source class represents an Atom feed source object
primarily on the data model for an <atom:source>
element. |
| Source.SourceState |
The SourceState class provides a simple structure that encapsulates
the attributes of an Atom source that should be shared with a shallow
copy if the entry is adapted to a more specific Source
Kind.Adaptor subtypes. |
| TextConstruct |
Abstract base class for text construct type. |
| TextConstruct.ChildHandlerInfo |
Return type for TextConstruct.getChildHandler(Attributes) ;
contains an element handler and a text construct. |
| TextConstruct.Type |
Defines the possible text construct types: TEXT, HTML, and XHTML. |
| TextContent |
Variant of Content for entries containing text. |
| ValueConstruct |
The ValueConstruct class is an abstract Extension class that can
be used to subclassed to create a GData extension element with a
single value, like:
or
some value
Using constructor parameters, a customized subclass has full
control over the value construct element namespace and tag name,
as well whether the value is contained within an XML attribute
or the element text value. |
| XhtmlTextConstruct |
XHTML variant of TextConstruct . |


Build a new game manager
game information
Server socket reference
Optional GUI reference
Server startup options
game information
Server socket reference
Optional GUI reference
Handle each individual game
Game's winner, used to update the state
Whether the game was stopped due to a player disconnecting. If true, the session will be finished
Handles a specific player move - this returns a function configured for the specified player, it's intended to be used as the callback for the player socket.
Player number (0-1)
Move handler with the player number embedded for logging
Log a message to the console or the GUI if it's enabled
only for GUI mode, set to true to avoid re-rendering
Receive a move from a player and convert it to an object of board and move
String received from the client
Play an individual game between two players
Handle the end of a session between two players
Encode a move received from a player to be sent to the opponent
Generated using TypeDoc
Online game manager between two players


Ole Broberg, Vibeke Andersen, Rikke Seim
This is the summary of analysis of many Participatory Ergonomics activities over many years [wikipedia:The participatory approach to ergonomics relies on actively involving workers in implementing ergonomic knowledge, procedures and changes with the intention of improving working conditions, safety, productivity, quality, morale and/or comfort] .
They group boundary objects encountered in actual PE activities into 5 categories, then go on to identify 8 qualities which boundary objects may have. Many are listed under each category, based on Carlile and Wenger's work (except repositories). I have pulled out examples which may need special note within Firmware Co-Design (standard examples such as diagrams, lists etc have been omitted)
The eight characteristics of boundary objects from the point of view of participants [ worth considering how many can be featured in the workshop]...
"Based on two case studies, we identify eight characteristics of boundary objects and their use, which make them particularly useful in PE design processes...The framework developed may serve to provide criteria to guide practitioners and intervention researchers in the selection of objects to facilitate a PE process."
"Prototypes are physical or digital representations of a future artifact. Prototyping refers to the mutual learning process that takes place in a collaborative design setting."
"Inspired by Horgen et al. (1999), we used workbooks with a selection of pictures from the current workplace, which workers could comment on, using colored pens (Fig.1). A three-color code was used to indicate, for example, good solution, problematic solution, and problem to be solved."
"Boundary objects are needed that can create a common language, which allows all participants’’ knowledge and ideas to be represented. Focusing on PE design, it is also important to identify boundary objects that have the ability to act as design objects. They must be objects-in-the-making."
participatory ergonomics
boundary objects
Carlile (2002)and Wenger (2000) - for categorising boundary objects
Brodersen et al (2008) - collaborative prototyping as mutual learning process


Money Game. How should Red play 62?
pips Red=134 White=143
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
As a quiz problem this is relatively easy and most people find 24/16. Red is in danger of being primed and it is more important to leap the prime than to make the 4-pt. There is some duplication of 3’s and 4’s.
Over the board it is not so easy and many will play 6/4 with the 2 and then spend time agonising over which 6 to play, not realising they have already gone wrong. How did you do?
Over the board it is not so easy and many will play 6/4 with the 2 and then spend time agonising over which 6 to play, not realising they have already gone wrong. How did you do?
1. Cubeful 2-ply 24/16 Eq.: -0.231 0.436 0.171 0.014 - 0.564 0.209 0.014 2. Cubeful 2-ply 8/2 6/4 Eq.: -0.452 (-0.220) 0.379 0.154 0.011 - 0.621 0.207 0.015 3. Cubeful 2-ply 13/7 6/4 Eq.: -0.531 (-0.299) 0.358 0.129 0.012 - 0.642 0.227 0.016 4. Cubeful 0-ply 8/2 4/2 Eq.: -0.518 (-0.287) 0.341 0.140 0.009 - 0.659 0.196 0.011 5. Cubeful 0-ply 13/5 Eq.: -0.868 (-0.637) 0.301 0.113 0.008 - 0.699 0.240 0.019


{% extends 'skeleton.html' %} {%block content%}
This is a simple hero unit, a simple way to see your streams
Some quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.
EnhanceSome quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.
EnhanceSome quick example text to build on the card title and make up the bulk of the card's content.
Enhance


There are two types of text commands: commands that get executed instantly, like text color and effects; and commands that get executed inline, as they're displayed, like wait commands and character voices.  Unless, that is, you use playerskipdocommand :P
On line breaks: there are actually two different kinds. In UI messages where asterisks are used, you can use \n to start a new line with an asterisk. If you want a new line without an asterisk, use \r.
This is different for monster dialogue that isn't prefixed with asterisks: Always use \n for line breaks here. Or use autolinebreak! See Special Variables.
[color:rrggbb]
This sets the text color for all text after this command to the specified hex code. It resets per
dialogue. [color:ff0000] would be red, [color:555555] a dark grey.
Here are a few examples:
| [color:ff0000] | Determination |
| [color:003cff] | Integrity |
| [color:00c000] | Kindness |
| [color:ffff00] | Justice |
| [color:d535d9] | Perseverance |
| [color:fca600] | Bravery |
| [color:42fcff] | Patience |
If you have to use colours, try to stick to these. While the option for any colour is offered, actual
usage in Undertale is very limited.
The default UI text is plain white and the default enemy dialogue text is plain black - [color:ffffff]
and [color:000000] respectively.
[alpha:aa]
This command allows you to set the alpha (transparency) value of your text.
The number you enter should be a two-character hex value between "00" and "ff".
[starcolor:rrggbb]
Same usage as color but only affects the first asterisk in a dialogue box that has asterisks.
This is a dirty workaround, but now you don't need it anymore, it's deprecated.
As commands are now executed before the star, you can use [color] to color the star.
[effect:x] or [effect:x,intensity]
Sets the text effect for the entire message, regardless of position. You can use the following
effects:
Note that the twitch effect should, at a later point, let you set shake frequency. Unfortunately you can't do this yet.
[font:x]
Sets the font for this dialogue. Usually includes a default voice. As the [font] command can change both
text colour and voice, if you want to have your own voice/text color do it after the font change.
Possible options:
For all default fonts, check out the Default/Sprites/UI/Fonts folder. Every font with a matching .xml file is mapped.
[charspacing:number]
Number of pixels that separate characters on the same line.
Negative = less space between characters, Positive = more space between characters
The default value is 3.
Note that fonts can specify a <charspacing> tag that sets this value.
[linespacing:number]
Number of pixels that separate different lines.
Negative = less space between lines, Positive = more space between lines
The default value is 0.
Note that fonts can specify a <linespacing> tag that adds on to this value.
[noskip]
Prevents this dialogue from being skipped by pressing X.
It is effective only whenever the text reaches it, but if it is placed at the
beginning of a line of text, it will always work, even if it is not the first command.
[noskip:off]
Cancels a previous [noskip] command.
[instant]
Instantly shows the entire text without having to wait or press anything.
* Note: This command works as an inline command
when placed at the beginning of a line of text.
[instant:allowcommand]
The same as [instant], but here other text commands are called, except [w], [letters] and commands with the "skipover" tag.
* Note: This command works as an inline command
when placed at the beginning of a line of text.
[instant:stop]
Cancels a previous [instant] or [instant:allowcommand] command,
and resumes typing.
[instant:stopall]
Cancels a previous [instant], [instant:allowcommand] command or a
Player skip, and resumes typing.
[w:x]
The wait command. Pauses your textbox temporarily based on the number you enter.
Technically: This will pause the textbox for x * 4 in-game frames.
Calling [w:1] will freeze the textbox for 4 in-game frames.
[w:4] is 16 in-game frames, [w:10] is 40, and so on.
[waitall:x]
Makes all letters after this command take x times as long to type out.
(slightly different from [w:x])
Use [waitall:1] to reset text to its default speed.
Overrides [speed:x].
[voice:filename]
Sets the voice (sound per letter) to a sound located in YOUR MOD/Sounds/Voices. Applies to all letters
after the command. It resets per dialogue. This has to be a .wav file, and you shouldn't include the
file extension when using [voice]. If your voice sound is YOUR MOD/Sounds/Voices/mettaton.wav, you can
use it with [voice:mettaton].
[voice:default] resets to the default voice (beeps). If you have a voice sound named 'default', it will
be ignored.
[novoice]
Removes the voice for the letters after this command. It resets per dialogue.
Useful for when you should be burning in hell.
[next]
Skips to the next dialogue automatically. You can also use this for textbox trickery. Here's an example
to replicate Flowey's text-changing effect if you dodge the Friendliness Pellets(tm) twice.
first line: "[noskip][voice:flowey][effect:none]RUN. [w:30]INTO. [w:30]THE.\n[w:30]BULLETS!![w:30][next]" second line: "[instant][effect:none]RUN. INTO. THE.\nfriendliness\npellets"
[finished]
Sets this dialogue box as "finished". To go through the next dialogue box, you'll have to wait until the other
monsters' dialogue boxes are also finished.
[nextthisnow]
Skips to the next dialogue of all monsters automatically, without concern for the other monsters' dialogue's state.
[waitfor:key]
Waits for the user to press the given key to continue the message.
Check the Key List to see the available keys.
[func:x], [func:x,argument] or [func:x,{argument1, argument2...}]
[func] allows you to execute any function from your script in line with the text.
Refer to the examples below.
your dialogue: "hoi hoi this is dog [func:dog] and now the music changed" function dog() Audio.LoadFile("dog_music") --plays dog_music.ogg (or .wav) from your Audio folder! for built-in functions like this, refer to section API - Functions & Objects --insert more code here, any code! end
your dialogue: "dog with arguments!! [func:newmusic,temietheme] so intense!" function newmusic(yourargumentname) Audio.LoadFile(yourargumentname) --with this example, it'll load 'temietheme.ogg (or .wav)'... --and then play it! THE FUTURE IS NOW! By using an argument, your function can be more versatile. end
[func:SetFaceSprite,"ENTITYTYPE.ENTITYNAME.SPRITENAME"]
Displays an entity's face sprite in the encounter text.
Replace ENTITYTYPE with the type of the entity (Players or
Monsters), ENTITYNAME with the name of the entity, and
SPRITENAME with the name of the sprite to use.
The sprite used by this function will be the sprite
YOURMOD/CreateYourKris/ENTITYTYPE/ENTITYNAME/FaceSprite/SPRITENAME.png, so be sure to create a folder named
FaceSprite in your selected entity's animations folder if you want to display one of this entity's face sprites!
[speed:x]
Makes the text handler print x characters over every 4 frames.
The default text speed in CYF ([speed:1]) is 1 character every 4 frames.
For example, [speed:4] will type text at 4x the regular speed: 4 characters every 4 frames, or 1 per frame.
* Supports fractional numbers! [speed:0.25] writes text at 1/4th the regular speed, for instance.
Overrides [waitall:x].
[letters:x]
For this frame only, the text box will show the next x characters.
[name]
This text gets replaced by by the name of the player. I totally forgot that we could actually use Player.name, but
whatever.
[music:x]
Plays the music given as an argument on the main music channel, unless the argument is one of these keywords:
[sound:x]
Plays the sound given as an argument.
[mugshot:x]
Changes the current text mugshot for overworld texts with mugshots only.
[health:x,y]
Heals the Player by x points. Can damage the player if x is negative, but the Player's HP
will not go under 1 unless certain conditions are met. The parameter y is optional.
Examples:
These tags can be added after a text command and have different behaviours.
To use them, you must do this: [command:tag] or [command:arguments:tag]. For now, only one
tag can be added at a time.
skipover
Makes a command only be activated when the text is not skipped (by using any [instant] command or the
player's skip if playerskipdocommand is set to true). Has no effect on [w] and
[letters].
skiponly
The command this is attached to will only be activated if the text has been skipped by using any
[instant] command, or if the player skips it manually and
playerskipdocommand is set to true.
This tag disables the [w] and [letters] commands if used on them.


Analyzing over 3000 rows of the Jackson Heart Study Data to predict the causes of cardiovascular disease. Computed and interpreted correlation between socioeconomic factors and cardiovascular diseases.
Utilized HTML, CSS, Bootstrap to designed, built, and maintained web pages for the water quality division that helped engineers understand rules better. Website helped the plans and specification team at TCEQ to review and approve more waste water specification. Assisted in data cleaning that improved accurate information, resulting to less errors for the Waste water permit team.
Researched and critiqued literature on existing robotics exoskeleton technology, to propose an excellent product, including product design and specification to create a full body exoskeleton for therapy.
Resolved the slow internet issue on campus by installing more wireless access points (Wi-Fi) to boost and increase the broadband of the wireless network for student to get faster internet. Maintained the servers on HT campus bi-weekly for proper performance.
To download a copy of my resume. Click Here
GPA: 3.817
GPA: 3.40
Apart from being a Student, I enjoy most of my time being outdoors and hangout with friends. I enjoy playing soccer, long tennis, ping pong, and kayaking.
When forced indoors, I follow a number of action, fantasy and sci-fi genre movies and television shows. I am an aspiring data scientist, and I spend a large amount of my free time exploring the latest technology advancements in the data scientist, web development and software engineering fields. I also enjoy doing photography and graphic design


bjorgv.in
Hi, I am Björgvin — but you can call me Bo.
Stockholm, Sweden is what I call home now, but I was raised in Iceland.
M.Sc. in Machine Learning from the Royal Institute of Technology (KTH) 2010-2012.
Former CTO at the fintech company Meniga Rewards.


ABOUT ME
Hello! I am Asteria Lan, a digital illustrator currently based in Baltimore, MD.
I create digital illustrations based on mythology, urban scenery and pop culture.
I also translate short stories and design board games.
CONTACT ME
I'd love to hear from you!


pymatgen.analysis.quasiharmonic module¶
This module implements the Quasi-harmonic Debye approximation that can be used to compute thermal properties.
See the following papers for more info:
-
class
QuasiharmonicDebyeApprox
(energies, volumes, structure, t_min=300.0, t_step=100, t_max=300.0, eos='vinet', pressure=0.0, poisson=0.25, use_mie_gruneisen=False, anharmonic_contribution=False)[source]¶ Bases:
object
Parameters: - energies (list) – list of DFT energies in eV
- volumes (list) – list of volumes in Ang^3
- structure (Structure) –
- t_min (float) – min temperature
- t_step (float) – temperature step
- t_max (float) – max temperature
- eos (str) –
equation of state used for fitting the energies and the volumes. options supported by pymatgen: “quadratic”, “murnaghan”, “birch”,
”birch_murnaghan”, “pourier_tarantola”, “vinet”, “deltafactor”, “numerical_eos” - pressure (float) – in GPa, optional.
- poisson (float) – poisson ratio.
- use_mie_gruneisen (bool) – whether or not to use the mie-gruneisen formulation to compute the gruneisen parameter. The default is the slater-gamma formulation.
- anharmonic_contribution (bool) – whether or not to consider the anharmonic contribution to the Debye temperature. Cannot be used with use_mie_gruneisen. Defaults to False.
-
static
debye_integral
(y)[source]¶ Debye integral. Eq(5) in doi.org/10.1016/j.comphy.2003.12.001
Parameters: y (float) – debye temperature/T, upper limit Returns: unitless Return type: float
-
debye_temperature
(volume)[source]¶ Calculates the debye temperature. Eq(6) in doi.org/10.1016/j.comphy.2003.12.001. Thanks to Joey.
Eq(6) above is equivalent to Eq(3) in doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevB.37.790 which does not consider anharmonic effects. Eq(20) in the same paper and Eq(18) in doi.org/10.1016/j.commatsci.2009.12.006 both consider anharmonic contributions to the Debye temperature through the Gruneisen parameter at 0K (Gruneisen constant).
The anharmonic contribution is toggled by setting the anharmonic_contribution to True or False in the QuasiharmonicDebyeApprox constructor.
Parameters: volume (float) – in Ang^3 Returns: debye temperature in K Return type: float
-
gruneisen_parameter
(temperature, volume)[source]¶ - Slater-gamma formulation(the default):
- gruneisen paramter = - d log(theta)/ d log(V)
= - ( 1/6 + 0.5 d log(B)/ d log(V) ) = - (1/6 + 0.5 V/B dB/dV),
where dB/dV = d^2E/dV^2 + V * d^3E/dV^3
- Mie-gruneisen formulation:
Eq(31) in doi.org/10.1016/j.comphy.2003.12.001 Eq(7) in Blanco et. al. Joumal of Molecular Structure (Theochem)
368 (1996) 245-255- Also se J.P. Poirier, Introduction to the Physics of the Earth’s
- Interior, 2nd ed. (Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, 2000) Eq(3.53)
Parameters: - temperature (float) – temperature in K
- volume (float) – in Ang^3
Returns: unitless
Return type: float
-
optimize_gibbs_free_energy
()[source]¶ Evaluate the gibbs free energy as a function of V, T and P i.e G(V, T, P), minimize G(V, T, P) wrt V for each T and store the optimum values.
- Note: The data points for which the equation of state fitting fails
- are skipped.
-
optimizer
(temperature)[source]¶ Evaluate G(V, T, P) at the given temperature(and pressure) and minimize it wrt V.
- Compute the vibrational helmholtz free energy, A_vib.
- Compute the gibbs free energy as a function of volume, temperature
- and pressure, G(V,T,P).
- Preform an equation of state fit to get the functional form of
- gibbs free energy:G(V, T, P).
- Finally G(V, P, T) is minimized with respect to V.
Parameters: temperature (float) – temperature in K Returns: G_opt(V_opt, T, P) in eV and V_opt in Ang^3. Return type: float, float
-
thermal_conductivity
(temperature, volume)[source]¶ Eq(17) in 10.1103/PhysRevB.90.174107
Parameters: - temperature (float) – temperature in K
- volume (float) – in Ang^3
Returns: thermal conductivity in W/K/m
Return type: float


CHANGE LOG
Fields audited in this module: Priority, Status, Incident Caller
Field
Old Value
New Value
Changed By
Change Date
{% for u in update %}
{{u.field}}
{{u.oldvalue}}
{{u.newvalue}}
{{u.changedby}}
{{u.changedate|date:'m/d/Y h:i a'}}
{% endfor %}