PC
XBox One
Playstation 4
Switch
Rolled and unrolled
Rolled
Unrolled
Filter
Class
Weapon
Rolled
Minimum
Maximum
Mean
Standard deviation
Relative popularity


@(user: securesocial.core.Identity)(implicit request: RequestHeader) @import securesocial.core.IdentityProvider @main("W8UPD QSLTagger", Some(user)) {
You've successfully authenticated and can begin tagging cards right away. You can return to this page any time by clicking "tutorial" in the user menu, at the top of any page.
If you know what you're doing, feel free to go to the home page and begin your QSL card tagging adventure. Otherwise, read up below. It's easy to get started.
When you are ready to begin tagging, you'll be presented with a random QSL card. You'll be shown all sides of the card, and asked to type information relating to it.
Some things you should tag are callsign, location, time and date of the contact, signal reports, and any other information that could help people search. The information that you input will be used to create a searchable index, which will let people easily query our database to find matching QSL cards, given a set of searchable criteria.
Well, go to the home page. You'll be presented with a random QSL card, for you to tag. To get started, click and drag over an area of the card that you wish to tag. For example, draw a box over the callsign that appears on a card. A modal dialog will come up, and give you options, which will allow you to tag that piece of information appropriately.


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{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block body %} {% if session.username %}
So far you have made decisions on {{ all_pairs_curated }} attributes. You suggested merging {{ TOTAL_MERGE }}/{{ all_pairs_curated }} attributes and decided not to merge {{ SUGGESTED_NOMERGE_decisions }}/{{ all_pairs_curated }} attributes.
Welcome to the Pairwise Attribute Curator. As you make suggestions you can check back here to see your progress.
If you are interested in curation of a particular domain or specialism please follow the 'Specialist Curation' link to fill out details to help Curami point you to curations in your area of expertise. Alternatively, you can begin curation of the whole BioSamples database by following the 'Begin Curating' button.
Your selected specialism attributes are: {% for attribute in specialism_attributes %} {{ attribute }} {% if not loop.last %}, {% endif %} {% endfor %}


I am new to elixir, and I find this interesting at the time of writing, I am coming from NodeJs :)
The major ingredients of recursion are:
- An exercise to perform repeatedly,
- A condition to break off the repeated exercise
Lets say we want to write a function that will return building identifiers where restaurants have not yet closed. The first argument is the current hour as integer, the second argument is the current minute as integer, the third argument is the list of restaurants containing; the name of the canteen, building identifier, closing hour, closing minute.
mix new restaurant
# ~/restaurant/lib/restaurant.ex
defmodule Restaurant do
defstruct name: nil, id: nil, closing_hour: nil, closing_minute: nil
def get_opened(hour, minute, restaurants) do
check_if_opened(hour, minute, restaurants, [])
end
defp check_if_opened(hour, minute, [restaurant = %Restaurant{closing_hour: c_hour, closing_minute: c_minute} | tail], accumulator)
do
case (c_hour >= hour) do
true when (c_hour != hour) -> check_if_opened(hour, minute, tail, (accumulator ++ [restaurant]))
true when (c_hour == hour) -> fn ->
case (minute < c_minute) do
true -> check_if_opened(hour, minute, tail, (accumulator ++ [restaurant]))
false -> check_if_opened(hour, minute, tail, accumulator)
end
end.()
false -> check_if_opened(hour, minute, tail, accumulator)
end
end
defp check_if_opened(_, _, [], acummulator) do
acummulator
end
end
Explanation
get_opened\3
is the public function that is called, and this is given the parameters described earlier, the hour, minute and
the list of restaurants we want to check recursively using the check_if_opened\4
function. There are two check_if_opened\4
functions,
thanks to the magic of elixir, this is pattern matching at work. When check_if_opened\4
is called it will only match one based on the parameters
defined on the function.
In our case we have check_if_opend\4
which is targeting an empty restaurant list and another one which will match a non empty list.
Which is our golden plan of breaking off from the recursion.
This comes to mind when looking at this solution “An Enum method could have been used to operate on the restaurant list”, yes, this is possible but the objective of this snippet is to demonstrate the explicit filtering of the restaurants in order to showcase recursion in elixir.
Let’s test our restaurant module:
#~/restaurant/test/restaurant_test.exs
defmodule RestaurantTest do
use ExUnit.Case
setup_all do
restaurants_list = [
%Restaurant{name: "Kohvic center", id: "KHV", closing_hour: 16, closing_minute: 30},
%Restaurant{name: "Kohvic center2", id: "KHV2", closing_hour: 14, closing_minute: 00},
%Restaurant{name: "Liivi 2 Restaurant", id: "Liivi-2", closing_hour: 19, closing_minute: 45},
]
{:ok, [restaurants: restaurants_list]}
end
test "check available restaurants for 16:46", %{restaurants: restaurants} do
assert [%Restaurant{id: "Liivi-2"}] = Restaurant.get_opened(16, 46, restaurants) #One restaturant should be opened
end
test "check available restaurants for 18:46", %{restaurants: restaurants} do
assert 0 = length(Restaurant.get_opened(19, 46, restaurants)) #All restaurants should be closed for this time
end
test "check available restaurants for 13:00", %{restaurants: restaurants} do
assert 3 = length(Restaurant.get_opened(13, 00, restaurants)) #All restaurants should be opened by this time
end


A new tab will automatically open and start searching
This extension will search for wordtwist gameboards with at least 160 ultra rare words. You can open more than one tab, but if you are playing a game when another tab finds a gameboard with 160 words then it will interupt your current game.


{% title=Bill Splitter %} {# body=
An application that allows you to split household bills among members


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block twitter_card_title %}PyATL Event Location: {{ location.name }}{% endblock %} {% block twitter_card_description %}Location and directions to {{ location.name }} where PyATL meets.{% endblock %} {% block page_title %}PyATL Event Location: {{location.name}} {% endblock %} {% block body %}


Salazar Slytherin
One of the Four Founders of Hogwarts School For Witchcraft and Wizardry
Merlin
Former Student at Hogwarts, and a famous wizard
Phineas Nigellus Black
Great-Great Grandfather to Sirius Black and most hated former Headmaster
Tom Marvolo Riddle
Former student at Hogwarts and Lord Voldemort himself
Severus Snape
Head of Slytherin House, former Potions and Defence Against the Dark Arts Proffessor, and former Headmaster
Horace Slughorn
Retired Potions Proffessor, but is brought back to teach in Book 6-7, and Former Head of Slytherin
The Bloody Baron
Slytherin House Ghost, and the only one who can control Peeves


A suite of functions for finance, including the estimation of variance matrices via a statistical factor model or Ledoit-Wolf shrinkage.
| Version: | 1.02 |
| Depends: | stats |
| Published: | 2014-03-09 |
| Author: | Burns Statistics |
| Maintainer: | Pat Burns <patrick at burns-stat.com> |
| License: | Unlimited |
| URL: | http://www.burns-stat.com/ |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| In views: | Finance |
| CRAN checks: | BurStFin results |
| Reference manual: | BurStFin.pdf |
| Package source: | BurStFin_1.02.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: BurStFin_1.02.zip, r-release: BurStFin_1.02.zip, r-oldrel: BurStFin_1.02.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: BurStFin_1.02.tgz, r-oldrel: BurStFin_1.02.tgz |
| Old sources: | BurStFin archive |
| Reverse imports: | JFE |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=BurStFin to link to this page.


{% block leaveapprove %}
| Name | E-mail address | From | To | Leave Type | Station Leave | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Atul Gupta |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| September 14, 2017 | September 15, 2017 | CL | No | |
| Dr. Atul Gupta |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| September 18, 2017 | September 19, 2017 | CL | No | |
| Dr. Atul Gupta |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| September 29, 2017 | September 30, 2017 | RH | Yes | |
| Name | E-mail address | From | To | Leave Type | Station Leave | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Dr. Atul Gupta |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| September 14, 2017 | September 15, 2017 | VL | Yes | |
| Dr. Atul Gupta |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| September 14, 2017 | September 15, 2017 | VL | Yes | |
| Dr. Atul Gupta |<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| September 14, 2017 | September 15, 2017 | VL | Yes | |


Expression object for transpose sparse matrix-transpose sparse matrix subtractions.The TSMatTSMatSubExpr class represents the compile time expression for subtractions between two column-major sparse matrices.
More...
#include <TSMatTSMatSubExpr.h>
Inherits blaze::SparseMatrix< TSMatTSMatSubExpr< MT1, MT2 >, true >, blaze::MatMatSubExpr, and blaze::Computation.
|
| enum | : bool { returnExpr = !IsTemporary<RN1>::value && !IsTemporary<RN2>::value
} |
| | Compilation switch for the selection of the subscript operator return type. More...
|
| |
|
typedef ResultType_< MT1 > | RT1 |
| | Result type of the left-hand side sparse matrix expression.
|
| |
|
typedef ResultType_< MT2 > | RT2 |
| | Result type of the right-hand side sparse matrix expression.
|
| |
|
typedef ReturnType_< MT1 > | RN1 |
| | Return type of the left-hand side sparse matrix expression.
|
| |
|
typedef ReturnType_< MT2 > | RN2 |
| | Return type of the right-hand side sparse matrix expression.
|
| |
|
typedef CompositeType_< MT1 > | CT1 |
| | Composite type of the left-hand side sparse matrix expression.
|
| |
|
typedef CompositeType_< MT2 > | CT2 |
| | Composite type of the right-hand side sparse matrix expression.
|
| |
|
typedef SubExprTrait_< RN1, RN2 > | ExprReturnType |
| | Expression return type for the subscript operator.
|
| |
|
|
LeftOperand | lhs_ |
| | Left-hand side sparse matrix of the subtraction expression.
|
| |
|
RightOperand | rhs_ |
| | Right-hand side sparse matrix of the subtraction expression.
|
| |
template<typename MT1, typename MT2>
class blaze::TSMatTSMatSubExpr< MT1, MT2 >
Expression object for transpose sparse matrix-transpose sparse matrix subtractions.
The TSMatTSMatSubExpr class represents the compile time expression for subtractions between two column-major sparse matrices.
§ anonymous enum
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Compilation switch for the selection of the subscript operator return type.
The returnExpr compile time constant expression is a compilation switch for the selection of the ReturnType. If either matrix operand returns a temporary vector or matrix, returnExpr will be set to false and the subscript operator will return it's result by value. Otherwise returnExpr will be set to true and the subscript operator may return it's result as an expression.
§ TSMatTSMatSubExpr()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Constructor for the TSMatTSMatSubExpr class.
- Parameters
-
| lhs | The left-hand side sparse matrix operand of the subtraction expression. |
| rhs | The right-hand side sparse matrix operand of the subtraction expression. |
§ at()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Checked access to the matrix elements.
- Parameters
-
| i | Access index for the row. The index has to be in the range . |
| j | Access index for the column. The index has to be in the range . |
- Returns
- The resulting value.
- Exceptions
-
| std::out_of_range | Invalid matrix access index. |
§ canAlias()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
template<typename T >
Returns whether the expression can alias with the given address alias.
- Parameters
-
| alias | The alias to be checked. |
- Returns
- true in case the expression can alias, false otherwise.
§ columns()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Returns the current number of columns of the matrix.
- Returns
- The number of columns of the matrix.
§ isAliased()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
template<typename T >
Returns whether the expression is aliased with the given address alias.
- Parameters
-
| alias | The alias to be checked. |
- Returns
- true in case an alias effect is detected, false otherwise.
§ leftOperand()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Returns the left-hand side transpose sparse matrix operand.
- Returns
- The left-hand side transpose sparse matrix operand.
§ nonZeros() [1/2]
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Returns the number of non-zero elements in the sparse matrix.
- Returns
- The number of non-zero elements in the sparse matrix.
§ nonZeros() [2/2]
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Returns the number of non-zero elements in the specified row.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- The number of non-zero elements of row i.
§ operator()()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
2D-access to the matrix elements.
- Parameters
-
| i | Access index for the row. The index has to be in the range . |
| j | Access index for the column. The index has to be in the range . |
- Returns
- The resulting value.
§ operator~() [1/2]
Conversion operator for non-constant matrices.
- Returns
- Reference of the actual type of the matrix.
§ operator~() [2/2]
Conversion operator for constant matrices.
- Returns
- Constant reference of the actual type of the matrix.
§ rightOperand()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Returns the right-hand side transpose sparse matrix operand.
- Returns
- The right-hand side transpose sparse matrix operand.
§ rows()
template<typename MT1 , typename MT2 >
Returns the current number of rows of the matrix.
- Returns
- The number of rows of the matrix.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:


Julia for teaching optimization
Last year, I taught my optimization course for the fourth time. The first year I was the TA and involved in designing the course, before becoming the lecturer giving both theory lectures and the exercises. Having fought tooth and nail to be able to use Python (as opposed to Matlab), I switched to Julia in the last year. Time for some reflection in using this language for my course.
Background
Some background of the course. It is called 'Selected Topics in Mathematical Optimization' (STMO) and is taught in our Master in Bioinformatics program to introduce them to various methods in optimization. Most of the students have no computer science background. Students entering from the BioScience engineering track had mathematics courses involving numerically solving differential equations and implementing sampling algorithms in Matlab. Most students arriving from Biochemistry had less mathematics and programming in their bachelor. All students in the master have several programming and algorithms courses, in addition to general courses in machine learning, statistics, etc., which use Python and R.
The goal of STMO is twofold. Firstly, students should get an overview of the different optimization problems and see how these can be applied to computational biology. We see convex optimization, optimal transportation, graph problems (minimal spanning tree, shortest paths, etc.), NP-complete problems (TSP, knapsack, etc.) and metaheuristics (simulated annealing, evolutionary algorithms, CMA-ES, Bayesian optimization, etc.). The secondary goal is to learn how to implement such optimization algorithms and tailor them towards particular problems. Many computational biology problems require solutions that are not off-the-shelf, so students should learn to make their implementation, if only for educational reasons. STMO tries to be a stealth introduction to scientific computing.
Since a large part of the course deals with implementations and driven by my interest in the Julia language, I wanted to switch to the language. I was especially impressed by the recent book Algorithms for Optimization in which each algorithm is supported by Julia code. After attending Juliacon last year (and saw the talk of one of the authors), I decided to take the leap.
A typical lecture involves an hour of theory followed by an hour of implementing the covered algorithms in a Jupyter notebook. For your information, the repo for the exercises can be found here for the old Python version and here for the new edition in Julia.
Strengths of Julia
One of the most important benefits of teaching using Julia is the syntax, which is supremely suited for mathematics. Using Unicode symbols may not be entirely good programming practice; it makes it easy to translate equations to code. Simple one-line functions such as f(x) = 2x^2 + 3x + 4
are also a joy to work with. The LinearAlgebra
library is also, IMO, much cleaner than Numpy. I spent less time explaining the quirks of the language compare and more explaining the math.
Python:
import numpy as np
def gradient_descent(P, q, x0, alpha=0.1,
maxiter=1000, epsilon=1e-5):
x = np.copy(x0)
grad_x = P.dot(x) + q
iter = 0
while np.linalg.norm(grad_x) > epsilon or\
iter <= maxiter:
iter += 1
x -= alpha * grad_x
grad_x[:] = P.dot(x) + q
return x
P = np.array([[10, -1],
[-1, 1]])
q = np.array([[0], [-10]])
x0 = np.zeros((2, 1))
gradient_descent(P, q, x0)
Julia:
using LinearAlgebra
function gradient_descent(P, q, x₀; α=0.1,
maxiter=1000, ϵ=1e-5)
x = copy(x₀)
∇f = x -> P * x + q
Δx = -∇f(x)
iter = 0
while norm(Δx) > ϵ || iter ≤ maxiter
iter += 1
x .+= α * Δx
Δx .= - ∇f(x)
end
return x
end
P = [10.0 -1.0;
-1.0 1.0];
q = [0; -10.0];
x₀ = zeros(2);
I find the latter to be much more readable.
Of course, a great benefit of Julia is the speed. Since it is a course for bioinformaticians, students are expected to work with large datasets. Since most of them (including myself) mainly work with high-level programming languages, Julia is an excellent alternative to C to get good performances. Most students don't write truly performant code during the course, but I am confident that they can generate it when the situation arises.
Finally, a strength I enjoyed as a teacher was the ease of developing and distributing the code. It was quite easy to create a small package containing example functions, plotting functions and other utilities. I could add unit tests to make sure everything works. The package manager made it a breeze for the students to install this. This made it also easy to make use of the ecosystem of Julia packages, from automatic differentiation, to Colors, to off-the-shelf optimization packages such as JuMP and Optim.
Weaknesses of Julia
The most common issue students reported in the feedback form is the lack of sufficient documentation. The Julia community seems to be more active on its Slack and Discourse channels, rather than, say, Stack Overflow. I noted that students don't always know where to look. Of course, there are magnitudes more examples and solutions available for Python problems than for Julia, so this will remain a bottleneck. Due to the pandemic, I also was not possible to help with the more obvious issues, so this should also be taken into account.
Another irritation was the long waiting times. I could tout Julia's speed all day long, but from the students' point of view, there were long waiting times to get started. The Time To The First Plot is a well-known annoyance. Because I was updating and tweaking the course repo before every class, students had to update the STMO package and needed to wait before it was recompiled. Since most of the exercises were didactic toy examples, the difference in running time between Python (e.g., milliseconds) and Julia (e.g., microseconds) are often unnoticeable. The projects were more computationally demanding, so there were luckily moments when the language could shine.
Opportunities for Julia
I tried to avoid going too deep into the type system as this is already an advanced concept. However, I can see great potential in using the type system and dispatch for creating an ontology of the algorithms and problems. We could define DescentMethod
as an abstract type with, for example, GradientDescent
as a concrete type. One thing I tried is giving 'computational definitions' for certain concepts, in contrast to mathematical ones. For example, graphs are defined as:
EdgeList{T} = Array{Tuple{T,T},1}
WeightedEdgeList{R,T} = Array{Tuple{R,T,T},1}
Vertices{T} = Array{T,1}
AdjList{R,T} = Dict{T,Array{Tuple{R,T},1}}
which the different representations precisely!
Another thing I want to explore further is macros. Last year, I did not feel confident enough to rely on them. They seem to be promising to add to the functionality to, for example, track convergence of optimization algorithms. I should also make more use of the PlotRecipes
library to create custom plotting functions. Intuitively, students seem to follow the idea of metaprogramming, so I would be nice to explore this more.
Finally, Julia can be used to explore the low-level details of code execution, up to the hardware level. We could elaborate somewhat on this, including how to run specific optimization algorithms on GPU.
Threats for Julia
In the context of teaching, a justified remark would be if it is advisable to learn a new language for a single course. One can undoubtedly motivate the language for numerical computing, but its future position in other domains remains uncertain. Will it grow in machine learning? Julia has potential for bioinformatics applications but will it gain prominence there? Will Julia grow beyond academia? And can we not do all this stuff in Python using Numba/Pytorch/JAX (for the record, I don't think so)? Known issues such as the language not being perceived as stable or many packages with a low bus factor might also demotivate.
Conclusions
All in all, I am happy with the transition to Julia for my course. I found it smoother than expected, but this might also because I am a bit more experienced than when I made the course material in Python. The language is well-suited to teach mathematics and lends itself well for diving deeper in real-world applications. Students found the language an added value, though it was not always evident to become proficient at it.


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axisBinding Class
Constructor
axisBinding
()
Item Index
Methods
- addAxis
- findByIdOrCreateNew static
- forgetAllBindings static
- getInstanceById static
- removeAxis
- setDataRange
- sync
- syncAllBindings static
Methods
findByIdOrCreateNew
(
static
-
id
Parameters:
-
id
Object
forgetAllBindings
()
static
getInstanceById
(
static
-
id
Parameters:
-
id
Object
setDataRange
(
-
initiatingAxis
-
min
-
max
-
dispatch
Parameters:
-
initiatingAxis
Axis -
min
Number | DataValue -
max
Number | DataValue -
dispatch
Boolean
sync
()
Boolean
Force all the axes in this binding to sync up with each other, if possible.
This is done by looking for an axis in this binding which has its dataMin and dataMax values set, and then calling its setDataRange() method with those values. The main purpose of this method is to facilitate the initial setting of dataMin/dataMax values for axes in a binding that do not already have dataMin/dataMax values set; this forces them to be set based on the binding, as determined by another axis in the binding.
Note that this method is NOT the normal way for bound axes to interact with each other once initialization is complete; that is done via the axes' own setDataRange() method.
Returns:
Boolean:
a value indicating whether the sync was
done; this will be true if and only if
there is at least one axis in the binding
having both its dataMin and dataMax
values set.


1.What is the relationship between mindfulness and self awareness?
Mindfulness is often seen as a synonym for awareness, I believe mindfulness is more of a subset.Practicing mindfulness is practicing a type of awareness that is thoroughly accepting, highly self inspecting, and intensely focused on qualification and quantification of the subject of that awareness. It's almost like awareness squared. Awareness is a little more vague of a term. It can be used in the sense of non-dual awareness, where the distinction between observer and observed fades away, or choiceless awareness, the state of mind where you drop all intention and aren't drawn towards or away from any object.
2.Try atleast one of the self awareness practices from the chapter(Body,Scan,journaling).What was your experience to it.How did you feel?
I tried self analysis. I feel like we should write down and analyze our strengths and weaknesses so that we become aware of them. Our weaknesses is what we are working on and your strengths help you to convert weaknesses. By practicing self analysis you become aware of your strength and weaknesses, bad habits,opportunities seized or missed etc.
3.What did you take away from the "My Emotions are not me"section?
Yes, definitely my emotions are not me.It's just a temporary comfortnance from my thoughts. Once we realize that we are the ones choosing, we can no longer blame our circumstances for making us think or feeling a certain way. Once we see that our perceptions and the meaning we give to life's circumstances shape our experience it is up to us to be selective about which thoughts and emotions we are going to believe and buy into even midst challenges.


A venture partnership is our term for an early-stage company that enters
into a partnership with us to build a technology company. We all invest
effort, cash, or both while sharing company equity to create an amazing
product together. We use a simple operating agreement to govern the
relationship, and we offer equity buy-back guarantees to make sure
founders get to keep the lion's share of equity in their pocket.
We
like the term venture partnership when compared with "ventures" or
"partners". We're not professional investors offering convertible notes
or SAFE agreements like venture firms. Nor are we service providers that
over-use the term partner to describe work-for-hire relationships.
Instead, we invest time & money while sharing risk with company
founders to become true partners in a business venture. In doing so, we
provide the tech and business experience, and we leverage founder
connections and hustle to get a win for everyone.
Although we
use the term technology company, the core competence of our venture
partners is typically something other than technology. Coupled with our
deep experience, that core competence is what makes the new business
likely to succeed. Technology plays a major role as well, but our
partners have the industry experience and customer connections to build
the right stuff and drive growth. That's why we need our venture
partners to be successful, and why they need us. It just works for
everyone.


Check out the Olin 3rd floor lab!
The lights are {{ lights }}.
{{ temp }}
{{ humidity }}
Here is a webcam image:


SONYA: So how many of you are reporters or editors? Yes? Engineers? No engineers. How about other people?
Other.
SONYA: Other. Please specify.
I’m a news researcher, so I produce some content, but not on a daily basis.
SONYA: Nice. Nice.
I’m academic, so I do research as well. And I have produced content. But I might be – maybe call myself a data journalist. But also researcher.
SONYA: Nice. Great.
Researcher data visualization specialist is my title.
Nailed it. That’s it.
SONYA: Oh, nice. Wow. So are you working with a university?
Yeah. The University of Maryland.
SONYA: Sweet.
Yeah.
SONYA: I did a task for University of Michigan. There’s a big information school there. They study a lot of – but University of Maryland is big too. A lot of research.
Yeah.
SONYA: Welcome, everyone. Please.
So this is like other sessions. There will be a group discussion. We’ll try to figure out what cause filter bubbles. And then I will ask you to learn some lessons and tips from other disciplines.
So my background, I’m a media researcher. I work with Chartbeat. We collect data every day from thousands of publishers. Before that, I work as a OpenNews fellow, which is kind of the initiator of SRCCON conference. Back then, I worked with the Boston globe, and I published something called sharing fast and slow, and I think it’s relevant today. I also work with the Berkman center and Google policy program, and I studied firewall. I’m from China, so I’m very curious about those things.
Before that in Beijing, I studied computer science, and I also worked as a reporter covering technology and business.
So today, I try to, you know, explore different aspects of filter bubbles. First, why do you think now we are here? Why do we have such a problem? But then if you think it’s really bad or it’s just very visible.  But now you know.
And I’ll show you some additives. The open question would be why we have such a problem. Could we find some remedies?
Next, we’re going to share some tips and lessons from other disciplines like marketers, for instance. Advertisers. You know, some people may not like the idea, but let’s see if we could get some possibilities to work our way through filter bubbles. And then we’ll have a group exercise around your table mates. We’ll discuss something together. And then we’ll have presentation from each group.
So this is a chart from pew research. The left is very, very liberal and the right is very, very conservative, and then you have different new resources including CNN, NPR, MSNBC, New York Times, local TV, and Fox News.
So the takeaway is the more you’re on the ends of the spectrum and the more – actually, on this side end of the spectrum, you rely on mainly one news source, which is Fox News. But in the middle what people stay on the fence, so they actually have more assorted news sources. This is one take away. And then the implication would be, say, if you think Fox News reports something that is incorrect, and then you say okay. I want to debunk this story and publish on my own research. So how would you reach the audience that you want to reach because they wouldn’t come to your website. Even though they come to your website, they say I don’t trust your content.
As this slide shows, this is also from the same pew research, and you find the links of the shared document under our title.
So on the left, this is, again, very, very liberal. On the right, that is very conservative. The same thing with the lower part of the chart. And then you have different news sources; right? And then the Purple indicates I trust a media source. Yellow means that I don’t trust.
So you can see that very liberal people trust, for instance, BBC, NPR, PBS.
But even look at conservative people, they will trust Fox News and Breitbart and then Glenn Beck Program.
So, again, what people can you reach? Second is if the people trust you.
This is a research that we did together with the New York Times. So, again, there’s this serious story about immigration. And then some publishers say that, hey, Trump size in the immigration crowd is not the biggest, and they show all kinds of evidence. But if you look at engagement time on the right as conservative audience, on the left as liberal audience. The radio is about ten to one on that story. But if you look at the supply of the content, it’s almost one to one from both sides. So that’s another take away.
And then if you look at the Bowling Green massacre, both the left and right side covered the story. But if you look at the consumption, again, it’s almost ten to one. That means the people on the right just don’t want to ready it. So that’s another take away. So now you see there’s three barriers to go through the filter bubble. First, you have to reach the people, second, you have to gain the trust, and then the third, you have to make them read a story. It’s, like, please. So it’s not an easy –
And then what some reporters say, I debunk full stories, and then I don’t care, you know, what we shall do after I write a story. And I don’t want to take any – this is the way I write the story.  This is the way I do things.
Yeah, that’s one way to do things. There’s a quote from centuries ago. One when the interval between the intellectual classes and the practical classes is too great, the former will possess no fluency and the latter will reap no benefits.
So, yes, you possess the truth, but maybe you’re a lonely, lonely thinker. So the world doesn’t bother listening to you or reading your stories. But some people, they may not know the truth. They may not good at reasoning, but they simply talk a lot, and then they reach a lot of people, so they actually have a influence. But you don’t necessarily have a positive impact for our society or civilization.
So another guy that’s controversial because he was the father of public relations, he said someone has to bridge this interval in our modern complex civilization.
And in his book such as crystallized public opinion, he would give a lot of techniques how you could reach different groups of people through bridges. Because, you know, people are always connected some way. For instance, give an example. Republicans and Democrats may walk their dog in the same park. They may take the same subway. Their kids may go to the same school, et cetera, et cetera.
So let’s talk about this problem. Why do you think we have a filter bubble problem? Is this really bad or visual? Or it’s getting worse because of technology? And the second, it may not be pleasant to talk about, but are we part of the problem because the way we cover stories. The way we reach our audiences, the, you know, and other factors.
Any thoughts?
Well, I think as human beings, we like to be with people ourselves. The tribe. That’s why we tend to fall in these filter bubbles. It’s more comfortable.
SONYA: Yes, in a comfortable zone.
So there’s a paper from ages ago a particular news organization story was. So if you have one organization, pretty centrist. But as soon as you introduce a second one, the center one goes one way and the another one goes the other way, so they become more diverse to get unique audiences.
So that feeds into problem number two that you’re trying to get unique audiences, so it’s a self perpetuating issue.
SONYA: Exactly because you serve different market sectors. When you’re in a monopoly, you just cover the big mass. You cover the – whoever. The center. And then the ones there are two or three, they always separate audience.
And then why do you think – any thoughts why reporters contribute to this problem? Or it’s not our responsibility.
Something that was discussed yesterday in the A11ys meeting was – was it that one? Something to do with the style of outlep. So a journalist will have to use certain word to describe certain groups of people or certain events, and then that might serve to drive – cause this problem to get worse. To identify the words to describe, and then you avoid that content.
SONYA: Exactly. Exactly. For instance, some people may call Chelsea Manning I traitor. Some call her a whistle blower. Definitely your own loaded words.
It’s sort of a catch 22. Classically, there are organizations who try to be very careful with language and so the wire services; right? So I trained at the associated press, and we would be – we really thought about that stuff.
The problem is people who care about the issue don’t want to read that; right? Very centrist, moderate, careful, just the facts reporting is not nearly as engaging as opinionated or providing meaning. And there’s been a very long-term shift from event-based reporting to contextual reporting, which you can see in a lot of different ways over the last century.
SONYA: Exactly. And a lot of people argue that it’s not always a good way to be neutral and balanced while you cover a story. For instance, you spend 50% of time covering climate change deniers, and then you spend another 50% of the time this is not the case. But the audience can be very, very confused.
So just tell me what I should think about this issue.
And maybe that’s about media literacy as well. You know, what people should read and then how they should consume and process the information.
Any thoughts?
So generally, I think filter bubbles are formed around genres and opinionators; right? Because we have opinion, as a reporter. And then some celebrities may say, hey, I hate fur coats, and then a lot of people will surround her saying we won’t buy fur products.
And then they have different policies. So they would attract different people. So filter bubbles are generally formed around those.
Which is both good and bad because, actually, it gives a chance when we want to target a group of people, we should try to identify the leader in that group. So if we can sway that person, generally, we will have a better chance to sway the whole group.
So do you think we have any solutions either for ourselves? For instance, I watch only PBS and only listen to NPR. And do you think I should change that media habit?
And also when I cover stories, I – as you guys mentioned, I use particular language to cover a group of people, and I don’t feel sorry about that.
So what do you think?
So I think about why we stay in filter bubbles, and it’s because it’s comfortable. And because we have no incentive to go outside for that bubble. And we have no incentive because we don’t actually need for a lot of people, particularly white people, you can choose – if you choose to stay away from the races, for instance, like, you’re unaffected by them.  Or they choose – they have to engage.
So I think about what we have to do is make it so, like, it’s worthwhile to engage with everyone else. And the thing that I hope is when people do engage, like – I mean, we’re social creatures. If we come to know another person, we like them a little bit more. So if we make it worthwhile to know the other person, then naturally, hopefully we work with each other more.
SONYA: Yeah, as you mentioned during your session when you talk about LGBT rights, you will knock on the door and talk to people. And have you ever been excluded, not because you belong to the LGBT community, but for other reasons? Then that’s one way to relate the people.
So maybe at some moment, you’re very vulnerable, and then you need some help and support.
Okay. Let’s move on.
I think we could also listen, though, you know, listen to other people. And I think that’s follow ten people on your Twitter account that you have nothing, you know – you don’t know anything about them or they’re of a different race or different class or they’re conservative, and I think maybe it’s because of what I do. But I’m just really interested in other views. I think it helps in reporting. But sometimes you have to be forced to find that information as well.
SONYA: And you mentioned that it may not be comfortable.
Yeah. It’s not comfortable at all. I mean, sometimes it’s very maddening. But I think you’re less surprised when something big happens.
How do you find those people? Because oftentimes the most vocal people on Twitter are inflammatory. And then what they’re saying is less useful because it seems more to drive a reaction rather than what’s real. Do you know what I mean? How do you find people.
Well, I think one of the – one of the – it was definitely story-based. So in Oregon, we had an occupation of a refuge about a year or so ago, and I learned a lot about the 3%ers and just very right wing conservative, like, gen X men who are very antiestablishment. And I know people. There’s people in my family like that, and I’ve always been, like, I can’t – I don’t want to deal with you. But now I have to, and I definitely found it interesting and, you know, you want to know what makes people tick and so I think sometimes you’re forced to it by events. I mean, anybody that reads the comments or looks to see who reacts to – so say if you work for a news organization, and that news organization tweets out, make a column for everybody that mentions your news organization. Because the people that feel differently than you will reply to that organization.  You should check out such-and-such.
So that’s another way for me to see, like, how people, the anti. Just two ideas, I guess.
SONYA: Yeah, very good ideas.
In terms of looking for inspiration, conflict resolution practice. Not interpersonal to that too. But people who have to do something with civil wars. And if you just take that, I think that could be applicable as well. We don’t normally think of ourselves as peace makers, but we may be best positioned to do that job.
SONYA: Okay. Very good.
To add to that, facilitators. Like, facilitation practice in, like, they, like, bring people together and, like, build consensus and, like, it’s about surfacing everyone else’s conversation. Like, everyone else’s ideas in a respectful and meaningful manner, and they do it in small spaces.
SONYA: Yeah.
To answer your question, I mean, I think it’s not about following Glenn Beck or, you know, following Rush Limbaugh. It’s about people in your local community maybe that you’re missing. And so since the election, I’ve tried to do that. And I was already following, you know, I felt a good balance of people. But I added to that list – I’m a big Twitter user, so that was, you know.
So I added to that list. But then I’ve also been very deliberate about trying to interact with people more. Not just – yeah. So if – and I’m talking about the silliest – you know, someone post a baby picture, you know? So I’m not going to like somebody who says something that’s politically inflammatory that I don’t agree with; right? But on the things that are more neutral that are able to connect us as people, you know? A pretty picture, a pretty landscape picture or people sharing their family or a funny moment that they had or things like that that are universal, I’ve been trying to interact and looking for those opportunities to put a like or a reply or something.
Do you feel like you build trust with those people? Or do you not know yet?
I don’t know but at least I’m on their radar. And I think – I hope to them it’s an acknowledgment that somebody out there is paying attention. A journalist is paying attention to them.
I think also sort of a lot of times when we describe things in the news, we’re making a value judgment about that thing being good or bad. And I know it’s extremely hard to do to be extremely neutral because of course people have very different, you know, thoughts one way or the other. But when you say something like somebody’s rights, you know, that implies that that is a right that someone has; right?
SONYA: Right?
And for better or worse, some people might not agree with LGBT rights. So you could write the article in a way that says this person has this lawsuit, and they won or loss – you know what I’m saying? So I do think that that sometimes just phrasing it can sometimes be – you know, or antiabortion kind of has a connotation of, you know, that this is very anti,very – you know, I think that there are some things that feel difficult as journalists to not describe it because for better or worse, we have a very strong opinion one way or the other. And it’s kind of hard to take that out of that.
SONYA: Yeah.
Which I think is sort of the issue a lot of times.
SONYA: I heard both of you guys. It sounds like sometimes we bubble people to one dimension.  So you’re one dimension for that one variable, I dislike you, and I – that’s my judgment. But actually, people have different dimensions. People do all kinds of good things.
I really like what you said about kind of interacting with people you wouldn’t typically interact with because when I used to report for a local metro, I would go out and people – if I was writing a story, for example, for guns, they would be, oh, you work for that liberal rag. You must not agree with the gun laws we have in the state. And just kind of they had a preconceived notion of me too as a journalist. Well, you work for that publication, it’s a liberal – we think it’s liberal, its editorial board, leans to the left. And so that kind of back and forth is actually good for kind of breaking down the preconceptions on both sides of the equation.
Yeah. That’s right.
You say no. I have a gun.
No. Because that’s not true. But I did fire one because I wanted to make sure that they knew that I was going to give them a fair chance.  And I was, like, sure.
SONYA: Yeah, any other thoughts?
I think it also, like, do you know people, and you hang out with people who are not journalists? And do you know people who didn’t go to college? Because the majority of the country did not go to a four-year college. And are you talking to people in your families who like political views that you don’t agree with? And how much do you separate yourself from what is normal for other people? Like, I’m not going to college, working, like, 70 hours of week, like, not making rent. How exposed are you to that personally? Not just with your sources but – I think I, like, try to always remind myself that, like, the life I live is kind of not normal. Like, traveling, coming to conferences, like, a lot of people that I grew up with don’t understand what that is or that this is work and, like, keeping that in mind when I’m reporting stuff.
SONYA: That’s a very good point.
Also, I feel like we get lazy, and there’s so many – well, I used to do this little thing when I just started the newspaper. And they have a question of the week; right? And it’s, like, how do you feel about gas prices rising?
So you have to find four people in the public; right? To talk about rising gas prices.
But now on Twitter, you can be, like, what’s your favorite color? And everyone on Twitter has a – you know what I’m saying? We know that Twitter is a terrible reflection of America. Most Americans are not on Twitter.
Journalists are but not most Americans.
Exactly.  And we tend to think of it – because it’s such an easy to find something. Someone who has any opinion, we find it to reflect that slice of America, even though we know –
SONYA: Yeah, it’s a good point. Convenient example from Twitter is so convenient that is even not representative.
So, yeah, any other thoughts?
Yeah, I heard you guys. This is – definitely, we are humans as well. And after all, publishing is a for profit business; right? So you have to care about the bottom line.
So now we’ll have some exercise. But before that, I’ll introduce lessons from other disciplines. We could adopt and also adapt them, you know? For our own use. So we will focus on four dimensions. Message, audience, channel, and storytelling, you know? Just now we mentioned that we may advocate something. We may have a strong belief. And if you believe that, people should take that position as well. That’s being your message. And then you form different groups, and then you pick a message that you want to deliver. And then which group of people you want to reach; right?
Say, I think it’s very important to think about renewable energy. And then you don’t necessarily target environmental activists because they’re already on your side. You don’t need to target them. Target someone else. And channel, for instance, just now I mentioned that if you want to correct the inauguration size of Trump, you may not reach the people you want to reach through your publication or your radio station or your TV station. So where would you catch those people? And the storytelling. Just now we talk about the language, we talk about judgmental language.
So would you take back a little bit? He’s more neutral or more well coming language to reach the audience you wanted?
So there are some interesting examples. This is just simply pictures from New York subway. And then you see a lot, a lot of them. I haven’t seen, you know – almost every day I will see a new picture. So this is an exchanges of Second Avenue subway, and it’s a very big project. You could imagine that you have noise, you have dirt, and then sometimes some subway doesn’t run, and it’s inconvenient.
But when you look at those people, they are so happy and, you know, you cover almost all groups of people, you know?   Young family with kids. All kinds of people. And then the single message is they’re very, very happy. And they super support this project. And then the channel is they’re all posters on the train.
So imagine that the project you will run for several years. And you imagine those spots. How many dollars the city actually spends in order to run this campaign; right? But they may think it’s worth it. Think about it’s a several-year project. If one day people say, hey, it’s so noisy in my neighborhood, let’s get together and strike. Let’s stop it.
So rather than, you know, building 20 more stations, you may just build up two stations. So this is kind of a long-term campaign in order to keep people on the same side.
You know, think about other messages you want to deliver. Would you like to take people onboard for your campaign?
And this is another one. So this is a campaign during the 1920s. It’s called torches of freedom. So back then, tobacco companies tried to target women so that they would buy more cigarettes.  And back then, smoking was a social taboo; right? So – but at the same time, there was a women’s rights movement. So there’s this conflict intention here.
So it’s actually run by the father of public relations. So this feminist Ruth Hale and ask her to smoke on the street during a protest. And then someone to take a photo of her making sure she looks right and cool and a appropriate feminist. And then the message and image was circulated in the country also around the world. So increased sales of cigarettes, especially for women.
But the backdrop is back then the scientific research hadn’t been advanced to that point that, say, a smoking is really bad for you. So back then, it’s okay. And so it’s kind of like you make – you take the right of this movement, and then you blend in your message, and your initiative into it.
So here we see the channel is mass media, and the message is cool to smoke. And then the technique is to target a leader first. And then this woman together with other celebrities will sway a lot of women to start smoking.
If you are interested in this topic, I would recommend something. The first one is thinking fast and slow. And then one chapter is why we would stereotype people or make a very quick judgment. Simply because generally, we are cognitive minders. That is, we save a lot of energy for the future. Because you never know what’s going to happen. You always have to save some energy for unpredictable situations. That’s why generally we don’t pay attention. It doesn’t mean that people are dumb, simply because people don’t pay attention.
So think about how to engage people. So I call that flawed mind. That’s why we would stereotype people.
And then another book by Bernays is crystallizing public opinion. He shows you that people can change your mind. For instance, smoking, for instance, you support the subway expansion because mind is so malleable. You can change people’s mind. But still, it’s very hard because mind is persistent. The third book is the social construction of reality. It’s about how we form our world view, you know? How we see this world through our lens.
First when we were a kid, we were vulnerable. We only took opinions from our caregivers. So generally, we wouldn’t question those beliefs; right? Say if my father is very conservative, I grew up very conservative. If he was very religious, I grew up religious. So that’s my belief, and I wouldn’t question this things.
But later, we will go to school and work, so then the beliefs are swayed and shaken by teachers, by your peers, by other professionals. So that’s a second time, so you will change, you will start to think, you will start to question some beliefs and say really? Is this really the case? And yesterday I shared my own story. Because my dad had very bad experience with sports fans, so I really looked down upon those people. So when I grew up, I didn’t like to hang out with people who watch a lot of sports.
But after I went to college, I realized, you know, it’s fun to watch sports. It’s not that bad.  No matter big or small. Even, say, your diet, you know, your political belief, your religious belief, many things could change. But still is very hard because it’s persistent.
So here comes the exercise.  How would you even start a conversation?  Listen to me.
Let’s think about it. And then how would you deliver a message either politically or economical complicated. Only weak snowflakes who want weak dollars. I think strong dollars are better dollars. Or you think we don’t want to owe any debts to China because it’s a really bad deal. And then how would you convince people? You can say “Imagine that you take an onion from the corner store today without paying. Next day you take a can of Coke and then third day you take soap bar without paying. That’s a bad deal.”
So you can imagine some story that’s very accessible so that you can start people’s thinking process. So that’s the message.
And then the channel. As I’ve repeated mention, it’s very hard to reach a group of people; right? You know, simply because we’re in this bubble, and they’re in that bubble. So where would you reach them? In the park? You would have some budget to have a campaign, on the bus, on the train? Maybe even local grocery stores, at the entrance to the park, bike shops, if you want to reach special group of people. And then what kind of message? What medium you would use?
Also, you imagine on Facebook, theoretically you can reach billions and billions of people. But the problem is Facebook has – so that everybody would have their preferred content shown in their news feed. For instance, I follow all kinds of publications, and then I share stories from Fox News and Breitbart. But I realize they never get any reactions from my friends. So I imagine they are never shown in their news feeds. And then what would you do if that channel, you know, has all kinds of barriers for you to reach people? Also, even on YouTube because of the recommendation algorithms will block you from a special group of people.
So you may have some opportunities. Yesterday, I talked to people working with Facebook as one way to do it is pay Facebook to override. That’s one way to do it. If you really want to target a special group of people. And so there is something to think about.
Okay. So we will form groups, you know? If you want to consolidate two people as well. So we have four things to think about. Message. You know, think about a message you want to deliver. There’s a position. You say we should do this. Or we should not do this. And then who do you want to sway? Who’s your audience? And then the channel. No matter online, offline, you know, meet-ups, whatever. Use your imagination. And then what kind of story you will tell to them; right? So imagine that I will make it as simple as possible. I will make it emotional. I will lay out facts or facts from work, so I should target opinionator and then sway those people, so just think about the message as well. And then we have 20 minutes.
So do you want to consolidate? Cool.
SONYA: We have five minutes. Let’s wrap up a little bit.
So two minutes. Let’s wrap up a little bit.
Okay. Whatever we get, it must be really good. So we have only four groups. Definitely, we have plenty of time to present. You can cover all the four dimensions. We hope to. I know so you could even share something like the challenges and especially difficult part during the discussion. You can also share that experience with us.
Okay. So which group wants to go first? yes?
So we talk about how to convey H2B visas – I’m not sure if I got that language right. But visas for international workers are necessary. And to sort of, like, abroad if you’re in a community of residents, and we talked about doing, like, maybe a series of forums where you have – invite the community and have, like, business owners that need those visas, some of the visa holders themselves, and maybe people who are from anti-immigrant groups and having a sort of moderator to have a conversation among those people and among the community. Because you need to communicate to people there are real human beings involved all the way around, including business people who may provide a service to you, the resident.
And, you know, there are real people who need these jobs. So –
SONYA: Okay. Great. So the message is we need foreign workers and the audience would be, especially those immigration people. And the channel would be offline meet up, like, forums. Through conversations. And then would you have a special dimension or angle you would use? So this two group –
I think you would try to find somebody who’s a professional at mediation and sort of managing conversations.
SONYA: Okay. So which part do you think is the most difficult part?
Difficult?
SONYA: Yeah.
I personally think the channel is the most difficult part.
And I think even, if you were going to have an IRL community meeting, just getting people to come out to things like that, I think is really difficult. But I think it’s a more effective way of getting people to listen.
SONYA: Yes, they talk in person rather than online. Or try some foods from other countries, at least the food is good around the world. So, yeah. Excellent. Okay. So this is about a political issue. Do we have other topics?
We’ll go. So we’re the horse meat counsel of America. That eating horse meat is okay. So we said the audience we want to go after are meat eaters, obviously. Who are interested in sustainability. And sort of adventurous, trend-setter types.
We thought channel is probably the most difficult thing. I’ll come back to that in a second. So for storytelling, we thought we need to find a person who’s an animal lover, potentially a person who’s, like, bread horses and eats her own horses herself. So she’s going to be our token person that we’re going to push in a publication like the Wall Street Journal or something to do this story about the business sense of it and the sustainability of it and how we’re going to expand it in America. At the same time, we’re going to sponsor a segment on the food network to sort of give people recipes to use with horse meat.
SONYA: That’s excellent. So why do you think the channel part is the most difficult?
Just getting journal to write a story like that. How – you know; right?
Yeah. And just, like, I think there’s probably multiple places. So, like, how do we really know where we get the biggest bang for our buck in terms of reaching the people we want to reach? And getting the most eyeballs on it.
Sessions at Whole Foods and –
That’s on our list.
Yeah.
And then the journalism is picking up on the story.
Right. So that’s the question. Do we do Whole Foods first or the journal first? Maybe – I don’t know how you sequence all of that stuff.
It’s complicated.
It is complicated.
SONYA: Yeah, but sometimes when there’s a event, generally, reporters will follow that event. You don’t even need to invite them. They will call you. And then actually, that’s an interesting story. There’s a program on Netflix called cooked. So one episode is about pig. So actually there’s a woman who keeps a lot of pigs and treat them with, you know, very human way. And then at the end of the day, she will send the pigs to the slaughterhouse herself and say okay. Pigs, you had a good life.
Okay. Next. This is kind of a cultural story. Very in this case. Yes?
I don’t think we really finished everything. But then – so, like, the topic was gun safety because gun control and gun rights are already very charged. It already sets the scene of what side you’re on. So Jonathan said –
Yeah. So there are problems, like, deaths from guns in America where just the words we use to describe them already for lack of a better language, trigger a lot of people; right? And so I’ve heard people try to develop the word gun safety as a language for describing this problem that is not deeply associated with one side of the political spectrum or another. How was that?
Yeah.
All right.
So it’s something that everyone cares about. Everyone agrees on safety. And then that’s kind of, like, the – I don’t think we really decided on – did we decide on the rest?
I think we spent a lot of time talking about framing and this problem of, like, what actually, like, we were embedding in the message when we were – and then also, we were talking about audience and how we would – there’s a real need for reaching out to people to, like, find the audience and find a message that they’re receptive to. So we were talking about going to gun shows was one of the suggestion and doing – what would it amount to? Like, it reminds me of reading about the – just testing the message over and over again before we really figured out what the actual message was. So we may have gotten stuck at step one and started moving into step two.
SONYA: Okay.
And channel and storytelling. So you want to – so the technique you want to use is to change the language to avoid loaded words. You want kind of more neutral word. And then maybe both people would be onboard starting the conversation.
Yeah. So also talking about on the theme of gun safety, exploring ways to enhance gun safety. Like, one of the ideas was community policing, which I didn’t know. But apparently also has its problems with the left. So there’s a lot of challenges to figuring out what a good story would be that everyone can agree on.
SONYA: I didn’t know either. Definitely, I’m in my own bubble. So I didn’t know there was a problem with it.
Definitely, language matters. There’s another example from the book. During the war, I forgot the first or Second World War. But the public complain about how injured soldiers were treated because they were treated in hospital but, you know, several hours after surgery, they would be released to elsewhere. And then people say how could you just give such horrible treatment to our heroes?
And they realize actually, they just need kind of ER treatments. And then it’s best for them to move on to another place to take a rest.
So they changed the treatment from hospital to something like relay stop or something to change your conception and occupation that it’s not hospitalization, you know? You only need a few hours or a few days. So you change the concept. But then, you know, you kind of, like, calm down the people and help stop the argument.
Yeah, very good. Okay.
Well, we are still talking about the message. We sort of have navigated through a – exactly what the message is. We had talked about covering police shootings, for instance, which is a really charged, obviously, topic that has stemmatic questions, it has filter questions, it has questions of safety and all of these things.
And so we were trying to figure out how to kind of reach some sort of common understanding of what’s happening so that involves, like, both facts. And also, empathy for each other’s experiences on the money sides of the story like this.
So that’s where we were sort of trying to, like, well, is it about – we hadn’t really come to whether or not it was about a message to the people who would talk to us as journalists and help us then better the story. Or if it was messaging to our communities, our audiences, and that sort of thing. That’s sort of where we – we stopped. It was a great –
Yeah. That’s good.
Days, I think.
Right. So it’s definitely a very hard question to tackle this why, you know? Because those four dimensions are actually intertwined with each other. The channel would lead you to a special audience; right? So you have to – and then by the audience, so you know kind of what channel would work. And also storytelling. What kinds of stories they would like to listen to; right? So they’re all kind of related to each other. Is – once you figure out one aspect, maybe other aspects will just come out naturally. Yeah? Okay.
So any questions or thoughts about the session?  Maybe you want to – you’re more about one aspect or something or do you think is hopeful or hopeless to address and tackle this problem. Would there be some kind of how do you say? Resistance, actually. Resistance would come from newsrooms from inside a newsroom. Yes?
One thing I talked a little bit in our conversation, and I picked up from others is that these filter bubbles are not necessarily partisan, and I think we’re so quick to just be like it, oh, it’s right and left. It’s conservative and liberal. But they’re not. Police violence, that is not a partisan issue.
So, like, we need to be cognizant of the fact that these things are affecting other realms besides political coverage.
SONYA: Yeah, that’s right. That’s right. Yeah.
So anything could be comfortable. Even dog food.
I was going to make a plug. Maybe the people in this room might be interested in a session that I’m going to lead during lunchtime, and it will be in this room.
Just talking about what is journalism’s impact, how do we measure it? And do we need to rethink that?
SONYA: Excellent.
So thank you very much. And this is my e-mail address.
Thank you.
[Applause]


Web Services security, or to be more precise, SOAP message security, identifies and provides solutions for general computer security threats as well as threats unique to Web services.
WSO2 Carbon supports WS Security, WS-Policy and WS-Security Policy specifications. These specifications define a behavioral model for Web services. A requirement for one Web service may not be valid for another. Thus defining service-specific requirements might be necessary.
The WSO2 SOA platform provides important security features to your service. By default, the security features are disabled. You should explicitly enable the security feature.
Understanding the exact security requirements should be the first step you should take when planning to secure your Web services. For an example, you may have to consider what security aspects are important to your service, whether it is the integrity, confidentiality, or both.
Figure 1: Enabling security
A list of available security scenarios is displayed. In addition to that, an option is provided to select a custom security policy from Registry.
Figure 2: Selecting Default Security Scenarios
Figure 3: Referring to a policy from Registry
Figure 4: Activate security - User Groups
Figure 5: Activate Security - Selecting Key Stores
If you are applying security scenario 16 (Kerberos Token based security) you have to associate your service with a service principal. Security scenario 16 is only applicable if you have a "Key Distribution Center (KDC)" and an "Authentication Server (AS)" in your environment. Commonly you can find KDC and an AS in a LDAP Directory server.
2 configuration files are used to specify Kerberos related parameters. They are,Usually above files are located at {server installation directory}/repository/conf directory.
After selecting scenario 16, you will be asked to fill information about service principal to associate web service with. There you need to specify service principal name and service principal password. Service principal must be already defined in the LDAP Directory server.
Following picture depicts this behavior,
Figure 6: Activate Security - Kerberos security policy
Figure 7: Activate Security - Custom policies
This function is used to disable Security from a particular service.
Note: All default security scenarios are described in the wizard.


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Extensive programming background in product development, mostly with trading systems. I learn quick, can go deep into domain knowledge and technology, know how to fit in with a team without drama, and can deliver working, sustainable solutions quickly. Full-stack capable, biased towards front-end/UI work in Vue or React.
Einstein famously said, "Everything should be made as simple as possible, but no simpler." Drawing the line ahead of time is not easy. Today's cloud and hybrid architectures offer enormous power and capability to solve problems but also to create intractable messes. I've been lead/sole architect of mutiple complex distributed systems and microservices. I can help pick the right array of architectural components to lay the groundwork for sustained progress without overbuilding.
I've worked on very well-architected products with teams that accomplished a lot quickly to... well, the opposite of that. I've worked on very small teams, large teams, distributed teams. I've put together and run a few teams.
I'm an effective sounding board for new strategic efforts and can provide a sanity check when it seems the whole may be less than the sum of its parts. I can evaluate and advise on your team's strengths and weaknesses - from a "hard skills" perspective of architecture, tooling and product goals and "soft skills" perspective of people and processes.


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--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: 'PipelineTesting: Improvements and Standard Components' author: display_name: Tomas Restrepo login: tomasr email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: http://winterdom.com/ author_login: tomasr author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: http://winterdom.com/ wordpress_id: 63 wordpress_url: http://winterdom.com/2007/07/pipelinetestingimprovementsandstandardcomponents date: '2007-07-28 10:37:07 +0000' date_gmt: '2007-07-28 10:37:07 +0000' categories: - BizTalk tags: [] comments: [] ---
I've been tweaking the PipelineTesting API further as I use it and write the unit tests for it. Here are some of the improvements I've made on the pipeline creation syntax:
ReceivePipelineWrapper pipeline = Pipelines.Receive()
.AddValidator(new XmlValidator());
I think this looks much better.
Creating standard components
One of the problems with the current PipelineTesting version is that while it allows you to use one of the standard assembler/disassembler components on an empty pipeline, it provides no help doing so. Using them can be pretty annoying because there's no easy way to add document and envelope schemas.
The cause for this is that the relevant properties in the standard Xml/FF assembler and disassembler components use types defined in Microsoft.BizTalk.Component.Utilities.dll. The types themselves are public (and even somewhat documented), but the assembly can only be found in the GAC, which means referencing it in tests projects is a pain in the neck.
To save yourself the trouble from having to do this, the new PipelineTesting API will also expose classes to make it easier to create and configure the standard XML and Flat File assembler and disassembler components. Here's an example of the syntax I'm implementing:
XmlAssembler asm = Assembler.Xml()
.WithDocumentSpec()
.WithEnvelopeSpec()
.WithPreserveBom(true);
SendPipelineWrapper pipeline = Pipelines.Send()
.AddAssembler(asm);
// ...


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What to do in Argao
Argao is a surprising and refreshing mix of the antiquated and the modern, the coast and the mountain, the traditional and unusual.
A trip to Argao should make the most of its many facets - as a town steeped in history, rich in socio-cultural heritage, and with an abundance of natural resources.
Here are some of the top activities for visitors in Argao.
Explore the San Miguel Arcangel Church
While the town church may look like any other built in Cebu by the Spanish clergy, this structure in Argao differs in the high artistic quality and symbolism of its masonry.
Like other similar Augustinian structures built in the late 18th century in the archipelago, the church is an edifice of impressive dimensions. It is set in stone and measures 72 meters in length, 16 meters in width, and 10 meters in height.
Its cruciform shape is typical of other Spanish colonial churches in the Philippines. Worthy of note, however, is the artistic and elaborate ornamentation that can be found on the facade, pediment, retablo, pulpit, ceiling, and other interior portions.
Here are the things to watch out for when you go visiting.
On the facade:
Source: Paul Gerschwiler's "Argao, A Historical Outline"
- Two double cornices divide facade into three levels; four vertical lines divide it further into nine panels. Only five of more than 160 Augustinian churches used this style.
- Paired half columns divide facade into three panels up to pediment; first level columns stand on rectangular pedestals.
- Two outer pedestals depict lions sitting on their hind legs holding a ball in each of their paws; two inner pedestals flanking main door feature a bird with its down and wings spread protectively, nursing three young that cling to her breast.
- Corinthian capitals with floral motifs adorn the top of the columns; they carry an entablature crafted out of the cornices that horizontally divide the facade.
- On the lower plinth of entablature is an atlante-angel; atop it is a more prominent atlante-angel that carries the second part of the paired half-columns that run up to the pediment. Atlante-angels convey the meaning that they hold and carry the pillars holding heaven and earth asunder.
- On the columns just below the capital is a stylized peacock sitting on an orb, representing immortality and eternal life. Immediately below is an angel with one arm up holding the globe and carrying on his other arm a cord where a composition of fruits and leaves flow down the columns to symbolize life on earth. After comes the hanging fruits of the ivy, which stands for eternal life, and at the end is a little snake. The carver-artist believed this message to be so important, he repeated it with slight variations on all half columns at the first level no less than eight times.
- Four prominent panels on the facade: three on the first level and one on the central part of the pediment. On the pediment panel stands St. Michael the Archangel armed with spear and shield. The angel to his right holds his standard while the one on the left carries the Tuba Christi.
- Hovering over the pediment of St. Michael is a small angel holding a scroll with the words: Sanctus Deus, Sanctus Fortis, Sanctus in Mors, Miserere Nobis.
- Left of the main portal is bas relief named Firmamentum ecclesiae, the foundation of the church, symbolized by a massive pillar, topped by a cross, standing on a globe firmly held by a strong angel. At right is named Aguila Trinitatis, the bird of trinity, symbolized by an angel cradling in both arms a resting eagle.
- Topping both bas reliefs is a violin-playing baroque cherub sitting on a cloud.
- The second level of the facade features the Augustinian symbol on top of the semicircular main door; it is flanked by two Chinese vases filled with ornamental flowers.
- The three panels on the second level of the facade are utilized for windows with balustrades; the center one has a small relief of St. Michael.
- Three panels are formed on the pediment by two shallow pilasters standing in small pedestals. On top of the pedestals are two tall, slim birds that could be peacocks.
- Two upper sides of pediment are declared with an intricately carved frieze made up of Chinese motifs; the sides near the base feature massive urn-like finials. Pediment top angle shows a globe that used to carry a cross but it is now missing.
- Two side panels of pediment are decorated with small reliefs of tuba or music angels who play brass instruments.
- Main portal to the church is semicircular in shape with rectangular wings made of vertical hardwood planks and decorated with bronze rosettes.
- The lateral portals to the nave are slightly smaller but similar to the main door; they also have rosette decorations. These portals are flanked by two pilasters joined by a triangular pediment.
- Pediments display variations of same composition, a circle at center contains one of the symbols of St. Augustine; at left is a book with church standing on it, at right is also found a book but this time topped by a bishop's miter. To the left and right of the circle are two tuba angels that resemble baroque cherubs.
- In the two lateral portals to the transept, entryways are closed by a wooden one-wing door containing an inner semicircular door.
- Pediments that top the portals display variations of the same composition: a circle at the center contains the flaming heart of the cross, one of the symbols of St. Augustine. Angels hold the circle to the left, right, and below.
- Above the pilasters are carvings of the symbol of the trinity. On top of the left portal's round arch is a small symbol of the blessed virgin. The symbol of JHS (Jesus Hominum Salvator) is on the right portal.
- Atop two pediments are round windows that open towards the transept; a keystone showing completion of the church, año 1788, is on top of the windows.
- Intricate carvings cover the inner semicircular door: a flowerpot carries branching vines of the ivy with leaves and fruits. At center of the plant is a peacock feeding on the vine.
Church interior
-
Vaulted ceiling is painted with religious subjects. The painting on the apse and transept are attributed to famous 20th century Cebuano painter Raymundo Francia. The painting in particular is of the battle between the fallen angels of Lucifer and the good angels of St. Michael. Francia's work is believed to consist of four scenes and span the whole width of nave and transept at their crossing point. Scene on the Gospel side depicts The Temptation of Adam and Eve. At opposite epistle side is The Fall of Man. The scene in mural can't anymore be discerned.
- Church has five altars or retablos. The main retablo has neo-baroque influences. It has four niches: the lower level contains statues or
archangels St. Michael (center), St. Gabriel (right), and St. Raphael (left). Center niche features the Virgin Mary. The altar has been damaged by the decision of a priest to have it painted gold.
- There are two altars at the transept, one faces the lateral while the other is directed towards the front wall of the transept. They
feature four semicircular statue niches with round arches. The painting and ornamentation of the altars bear Chinese influences and Moorish arabesques.
- The pulpit is made up of rectangular recessed planes angled against each other. Decorating the rectangles are painted wooden reliefs of
(in clockwise direction) evangelist St. Luke, the evangelist St. Mark, the Virgin Mary, the evangelist St. John, and the evangelist St. Matthew.
- Argao's pipe organ is one of three that remains in Cebu. It is believed to have been installed in the second half of the 19th
century. Organ is based on Mexican design but built locally since local materials are used. It has a total of 700 pipes and provided the organist with 22 different timbres.
- The campanario or belfry has been described by Pedro Galende, church historian, as "one of the best in the Philippines." It rests on a solid and thick wall base and has small rectangular openings. The belfry is home to nine bells. The bronze bell San Miguel Arcangel hangs from the ceiling of the second level while eight rotary bells occupy one opening each of octagonal third level. All the bells were made in Spain during the second half of the 19th century. The oldest bell, founded in 1852, is named Nuestra Señora de Consolacion and was brought to Argao in 1882.
- The earliest bell to be brought to Argao was Santa Barbara, and it was founded in 1875. Erected in 1830 by Fr. Mateo Perez, the campanario was based on the design created by Bishop Santos Gomez Marañon.
Try the home-made torta and sikwate
Argao is known for its torta, a kind of sponge cake, and tableya (bitter chocolate rounds made from cacao beans). The indigenous industries of torta baking and tableya making are believed to have started during or even before Spain came to colonize the country.
The best tortas are those still cooked in the hurno (clay oven) and use tuba (coconut wine) instead of yeast as leavening. Some of Argao's torta makers continue to bake using these methods, and the good thing is visitors can request a side trip to their bakeries and witness torta-making firsthand.
One of Argao's homemade torta makers is Jessie Magallones. She accepts visitors to her home bakery, which also serves as her only outlet for her products. Jessie serves torta and sikwate (hot chocolate drink made from tableya) at an open cottage beside her house.
Jessie's Homemade Torta
Location: Barangay Canbanua
Call: (landline) 367-7455 and (mobile) 0947-6994027
Other torta makers in the town:
Chitang's Torta | 485-8095 or<PHONE_NUMBER>2
Oj's Torta | 367-7572
Argao Bakeshop | 367-7253
The most popular tableya marker in town is Nang Guilang. Guilang's Tableya sells tableya rounds for sikwate (hot chocolate drink). Her product is a popular pasalubong from Argao.
Guilang's Tableya | call 0909-8226747
Take a swim by the waterfall
Hidden far deep in Argao’s mountain barangay called Conalum is the town’s majestic Bugasok Falls. A trip to this southern town in the province of Cebu would not be complete without a visit to the upland river that flows down a rocky cliff to create this rumbling water form in the heart of Argao.
The way to Bugasok Falls is by a trek through the riverside, starting at the bridge built over the river in the mainland.
The trail upriver to the falls is an enchanted walk along "forested cliffs and solid rock boulders" where you get to see unique plants and birds.
The Argao Tourism Commission organizes trips to Bugasok Falls. If you choose to do the trek on your own, here are some safety tips and instructions on getting to the area.
Go spelunking
Argao's most popular cave goes by an unusual name. It's called Balay sa Agta (House of the Ogre). To learn why it is so named and to better appreciate the explanation, you need to reach the cave's end.
The cave is so big people believe a whole church could fit inside it. It is also said to be the biggest cave in Cebu.
A four-wheel vehicle or a habal-habal (motorcycle for hire) can bring visitors near the entrance to the Balay sa Agta, which is located in the mountainous barangay of Conalum.
Since the way inside and through the cave is perilous for those not familiar with the terrain, this is one trip that needs the expertise of a trained guide. Ask for a guide at the Argao Tourism Commission before going spelunking at the Balay sa Agta.
Contact details: (landline) 485-8880
Explore a mine tunnel
There is a new mountain resort in Barangay Linut-od that features among its many activities a mine tunnel exploration.
Coal Mountain Resort, which is owned by the Caminero family, is located 468 meters above sea level. Visitors can choose to visit for the day or stay overnight at the resort. Room rates range from P1,000 to P1,200.
The resort describes its demo tunnel as 475 feet in length. It goes down to 70 feet below the ground. Visitors who choose to explore the tunnel in mining gear, which the resort provides, are charged P30 while those who go without pay P30.
Other activities at Coal Mountain Resort: 220-meter cable car ride for only P100 one way, 220-meter zipline ride priced at P100-P120, and hanging bridge walk.
Coal Mountain Resort is an hour's travel from the Argao town center. The resort can arrange transportation for its guests, either from the Argao mainland or Cebu City.
Contact details: (landline)
516-5166,
514-8577, (mobile)
0907-5830075, (email)
coalmountainresort@yahoo.com.ph.