--- title: "Lab Week 1" author: "Drew Tyre" date: "2020-08-19" type: "lab" weight: 803011 ---
The goal of this week’s lab is just getting your feet wet, remembering how to use R, what a linear model is and getting some answers out. Like all labs, I expect you to submit a compressed RStudio project folder. You should assume any data files are in a subdirectory called “data”. Answer the numbered questions in text, referring to graphical and tabular output as needed. You may use base graphics or ggplot2, according to your preference.
This dataset in package faraway contains the number of plant species on each of 30 islands in the Galapagos Archipelago, along with some attributes of each island. The species-area relationship suggests that the number of species should vary with area according to
\[ S = cA^z \]
library(faraway)
data(gala)
library(ggplot2)
ggplot(gala, aes(x = Area, y = Species)) +
geom_point(size = 3)
The biggest trouble with this data is that there are a few very large islands and many small ones. If we take the logarithm of both sides of our model
\[ log(S)=log(c)+zlog(A) \]
we have an equation that is a linear function of the logarithm of area.
gala.1 <- lm(log(Species)~log(Area),data=gala)
summary(gala.1)
# confidence intervals on the coefficients
confint(gala.1)
Now examine the assumptions of this model. This uses base graphics, but too easy not to!
old.par = par(mfrow=c(2,2))
plot(gala.1)
par(old.par)
That is an textbook example of meeting all the assumptions! Starting from the upper left, the residuals are scattering evenly above and below the fitted line. The x - axis in that plot is the predicted values of species richness. The red line is a smooth fit that should be flat and close to 0. This tells us that the variance is constant, one of the assumptions of the linear model.
The Normal Q-Q plot plots the standardized residuals against the theoretical quantiles from a standard normal distribution. If the residuals are following a normal distribution then the points fall along the straight line in the plot. This is a direct test of the assumption that the residuals are normally distributed. Departures from a straight line here can often be corrected with appropriate transformations of your response variables.
The Scale-Location plot is similar to the Residuals vs. Fitted plot, but can make it easier to spot changes in variance. The smooth red line here should be close to 1, and flat. The final plot shows the residuals against the “leverage” of each point. Leverage is a measure of how much the fitted model would change when that point is eliminated. You should worry about points with large residuals (poorly fitted by model) and large leverage (having a large effect on the result). This plot shows contours of another statistic, the “Cook’s distance”, which is a combination of the size of the residual and the leverage. The rule of thumb is to worry about points with Cook’s distance > 2. All the points here have Cook’s distance < 0.5, so we are fine.
Notice that none of these plots test the assumption that the residuals are independent of each other. This is much trickier to test. In this case, it could be that islands closer together have more similar communities. Testing for spatial correlation is beyond the scope of the course, and we don’t have the locations of the Islands anyway. But there is one variable that we could look at – the distance to the largest island, Santa cruz.
# this gives us some nifty tools for extracting things from fitted models
library(broom)
test_distance <- augment(gala.1)
test_distance <- cbind(test_distance, Scruz = gala$Scruz)
# the current version of broom only produces .std.resid -- this may change
ggplot(test_distance, aes(x = Scruz, y = .std.resid)) +
geom_point()
The two islands farthest away from Santa cruz have negative residuals. This means they have fewer species than expected for their size. It isn’t clear that is enough of a violation of independence to worry about.
What do violations of assumptions look like? There is another dataset in package faraway that might have some. This is a plot of the proportion of people in a state born in the USA against the average income in that state.
ggplot(eco, aes(x=income, y = usborn)) +
geom_point() +
geom_smooth(method = "lm")
The line is a linear model, and the grey polygon shows us the confidence limits on the mean. Let’s fit that model explicitly and check the residuals using ggplot.
eco.1 <- lm(usborn ~ income, data = eco)
eco.test <- augment(eco.1, data = eco)
ggplot(eco.test, aes(x=.fitted, y = .std.resid)) +
geom_point() +
geom_smooth(color = "red")
So the confidence limits on the smooth line don’t exclude zero anywhere, but it is far from flat either!
## different aesthetic
ggplot(eco.test, aes(sample = .std.resid)) +
stat_qq() +
geom_abline(color = "red")
So that is clearly not a straight line. The residuals are not following a normal distribution. The straight line here isn’t quite the same as the straight line using plot()
. That line goes through the first and third quartiles. But the general point would be the same. These points are not on a straight line.
## scale location plot
ggplot(eco.test, aes(x = .fitted, y = sqrt(abs(.std.resid)))) +
geom_point() +
geom_smooth() +
geom_hline(yintercept = 1)
Here we can see that the variance is too small for fitted values > 0.95 or so. I really like the confidence intervals on the smooths – makes it much easier to interpret.
# leverage is the trace of the hat matrix
ggplot(eco.test, aes(.hat, .std.resid)) +
geom_vline(size = 2, colour = "white", xintercept = 0) +
geom_hline(size = 2, colour = "white", yintercept = 0) +
geom_point(aes(size = .cooksd)) + geom_smooth(se = FALSE)
There are a couple points with largish positive residuals and substantial leverage. All the values for Cook’s distance are small though, so not too alarming.
usborn
. Do you expect this variable to follow a normal distribution? Why or why not?Package NRES803
has a function check_assumptions()
that wraps up those
4 plots nicely like the base plot.lm()
does2.
NRES803::check_assumptions(eco.1)
Back to the Galapagos species data. Now we want to add some predictions from the model to our plot. This is a critical piece of analysis. I expect plots of raw data + predictions from models in every assignment in this course.
## always start by making a dataframe with the values of your covariates
nd = data.frame(Area=seq(min(gala$Area),max(gala$Area),10))
stats.gala <- glance(gala.1)
pred.1 <- augment(gala.1, newdata = nd, se_fit = TRUE)
# calculate the lower and upper 95% confidence limits on the mean
tcrit <- qt(0.975, df = stats.gala$df.residual)
pred.1$lwr <- with(pred.1, .fitted - tcrit * .se.fit)
pred.1$upr <- with(pred.1, .fitted + tcrit * .se.fit)
## put the raw data plot back first, then add
## lines and ribbons
ggplot(gala, aes(x = log(Area))) +
geom_point(aes(y = log(Species)), size = 3) +
geom_line(aes(y = .fitted ),
data = pred.1, size = 2, color = "blue") +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = lwr, ymax = upr),
data = pred.1, alpha = 0.5)
The confidence limits show us the range of uncertainty in the mean number of species for a given area. But the distribution of the actual observations is different. To understand the distribution of possible observations we need to calculate the prediction limits, where the variance is the sum of the variance in the fitted values and the residual variance.
pred.1$psigma <- sqrt(stats.gala$sigma^2 + pred.1$.se.fit^2)
pred.1$plwr <- with(pred.1, .fitted - tcrit * psigma)
pred.1$pupr <- with(pred.1, .fitted + tcrit * psigma)
ggplot(gala, aes(x = log(Area))) +
geom_point(aes(y = log(Species)), size = 3) +
geom_line(aes(y = .fitted ),
data = pred.1, size = 2, color = "blue") +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = lwr, ymax = upr, y = 0), data = pred.1, alpha = 0.25) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = plwr, ymax = pupr, y = 0), data = pred.1, alpha = 0.25)
The lighter grey polygon shows the distribution of observations expected for each value of \(log(Area)\)
Finally, it is sometimes useful to make a plot on the untransformed scales. The easy way to do that is to add coord_trans()
to the plot, and provide the inverse functions for the transformation. Doesn’t look very good in this case!
ggplot(gala, aes(x = log(Area))) +
geom_point(aes(y = log(Species)), size = 3) +
geom_line(aes(y = .fitted ),
data = pred.1, size = 2, color = "blue") +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = lwr, ymax = upr), data = pred.1, alpha = 0.25) +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = plwr, ymax = pupr), data = pred.1, alpha = 0.25) +
coord_trans(x="exp", y="exp")
A better plot here might be to plot the data on the original, untransformed scale, and then transform the values of .fitted
etc.
ggplot(gala, aes(x = Area)) +
geom_point(aes(y = Species), size = 3) +
geom_line(aes(y = exp(.fitted) ),
data = pred.1, size = 2, color = "blue") +
geom_ribbon(aes(ymin = exp(lwr), ymax = exp(upr)), data = pred.1, alpha = 0.25)
That’s a bit better, but really hard to see what is going on with the majority of the data points in this case.


5% population
Risk factors
-
increasing age
- after \~ 50yo risk double every decade
-
Prior joint injury / sugery
-
histoyr of gout
-
20% with CPPD also hyperuricaemia
-
25% of these develop gout
-
-
Family history
-
present younger age
-
more likely have polyarticular involvement
-
-
History of endocrine/metabolic condition
-
haemachromatosis
-
primary hyperparathyroidism
-
hypophosphatasia
-
hypomagnesaemia
-
-
association between CPPD and OA complex
Clincal presentation
-
can be asymptomatic - changes seen on XR incidentally
-
may present similar to other forms of arthritis
-
CPPD may also coexist with gout, OA and joint infection
-
deposition of crystals results in infalammatory reaction
-
may also present with:
-
nec pain
-
headahce
-
fever
-
occur up to 50%
-
-
often affects large joints
-
polyarticular in 2/3 patients
-
asymmetric pattern
Clinical syndromes
asymptomatic
-
incidental XR
-
no apparent clinical consequence
-
although many have history of joint symptoms
Acute CPP crystal arthritis
-
acute onset of painful swollen joint(s)
-
self limiting synovitis
-
compared to gout:
-
more ommon in knee compared to MTPJ
-
less painful
-
slower to reach peak intensity
-
slower to resolve even with sympotmatic treatment
- 3/12
-
OA with CPPD
-
occurs in a joint with pre-existing degenerative changes
-
OA and CPPD isloated conditions
-
often involve knee
-
but CPPD with OA
-
pain more intense
-
tendnerss
-
systemic symptoms
-
atypical distribution
- doesn’t usually involve wrist, elbow, shoulder, ankle alone
-
-
Chronic CPP cystal inflammatory arthritis
-
symmetrical distrivution to affected joints
-
younger \<50yo
Chondrocalcinosis
-
calcification of articular cartilage ID on XR
-
usually caused by CPPD
-
reserved fro decibing radiologic changes of cartilage calcification compared to clinical situation
History
-
number/site of affected joints
-
speed of onset and severity of pain
-
presence of systemic symptoms
-
acute injury
-
past history of pain, truama, surgery
-
histoyr of recent severe illness or surgery (especially parathyroidectomy)
- rapid decrease in serum calcium which may ppt. attack
-
family history
-
co-morbiditieis
-
haemochromatosis
-
parathyroid disease
-
investigations
exclude septic arthritis
-
identification of CPP crystold from synovial fluid = gold standard
- rectangular, square, rhoboid, rod shaped using polarised light microscopy
-
bloods
-
FBC
-
CRP
-
urate
-
normal result reduces likelihood of gout
-
normal in some patients with acute gout
-
Cr and electrolytes
-
-
-
if \<55yo underlying metabolic disease
-
hypomagnesemia
-
hyperparathryoidism
-
haemochromatosis
-
-
XR
-
may help
-
chondrocacinosis
- linear or puctate calcification of hyaline and fibrocartilage
-
Knees, wrists, AP view of pelvis
-
Treatment
-
no effective treatment to lower CPPD
-
Acute attack
-
Ice/cool packs
-
rest
-
joint aspiration
-
oral NSAIDS
-
low dose cochicine
-
0.5mg up to 3-4times daily
-
optional loading dose =- 1mg
-
0.5 od or bd may be effective in reducing number of attacks iwth frequent recurent episdoes
-
-
corticosteroids
-


November 5, 2018
Using my weekly projections for my simulation baseball league, I create charts for all teams as well as the league as a whole (click any chart to see full-size):
As always, the full codebase for my simulation league research and analysis is available on github .


Swedish court clears Stora Enso over largest wildfire in decades
STOCKHOLM (Reuters) - A Swedish district court on Monday acquitted Finnish paper firm Stora Enso of responsibility for causing Sweden’s largest wildfire in 40 years, instead fining a subcontractor.
The district court of the Vastmanland region, where the wildfire occurred, said no criminal liability could be placed on Stora Enso, only on the subcontractor, a small forestry company.
The wildfire, which was declared a national emergency and forced over 1,000 people to evacuate their homes, had begun during ground works carried out by the contractor, the court said in a statement.
The subcontractor was fined 2.5 million Swedish crowns ($260,000).
One person was killed when the wildfire ravaged an area totaling 14,000 hectares in the central Vastmanland region in 2014.
Stora Enso is one of the largest global pulp, paper and packaging board makers with roughly 26,000 employees in over 300 countries.


Strict Equality
The "truthiness" comparisons can be avoided with different operators.
a === b; // strict equality a !== b; // strict inequality
These statements are true
or false
, based
on the variable's type and value.
"5" == 5; // true "5" === 5; // false
In general, I would suggest using the strict comparison operators unless you are intentionally allowing the conversion. The conversion is convenient, for example, when analysing a numeric value entered into a text field.


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Slide Master is a web slide player that reads lecture slides from a JSON file. It is mainly composed of a single iframe, the slide viewer onto which content is injected and managed, a notes section that allows notes to be created for each slide, and a display section that displays the added notes. Slide Master has a very friendly user interface and includes features such as specialized notes for each individual slide, auto note saving feature and supports audio for each individual slide.


Alta Cebu Village Resorts & Convention Center, Cordova, Cebu Province
May 11-12, 2018
BEI HEI IMPORT/EXPORT INC. AND MACOMA EXPORT S.L. Manilva (Malaga) Spain
Antipolo City (May 11-12, 2018)
To engage in business of buying, selling, distributing, exchanging, marketing at wholesale, products such as petroleum products, scrap metals, construction materials, i.e. Cement & Steel and other merchandise.
To enter into all kinds of contracts for the import, export, purchase, acquisition, sale at wholesale and other disposition, indenter, commission merchant, factors, or agent upon consignment of all kinds of petroleum products, scrap metals, cement, steel, rice, corn and other merchandise.
BEI HAI Import/ Export Inc. has been in the field if trading for a couple of years, in scrap metal, petroleum and other marketable products.
The company have already established good working relationship with its suppliers of cement, petroleum products and agricultural products such as rice and corn.
It has a network of cement distributors in Mindanao and the Visayas, while Luzon market is being developed.
The company also had a network of scrap metal buyers in India, Pakistan and Bangladesh. Likewise it has established trading partnership in Singapore, Malaysia and Middle East.
BEI HAI IMPORT/EXPORT INC. is committed to a fair, competitive and responsible trading, conducts its businesses in accordance to all laws, rules, regulations, and policies in regards to importation and trading, and adheres to the highest standards of professionalism in all its dealings. We are also committed to the equal and balance protection of the environment, in such a way that product being imported complies with existing environmental laws. Ultimately, taxes and duties due the Government are settled on time and in accordance to existing tax and tariff laws.
To be in the forefront of trading business and importation as provided in our purposes, meet the demands of the market and secure continuity of supply.
To strategize and formulate a more innovative approach in marketing with the ultimate goal of achieving customer satisfaction.
President/Chief Executive Officer
Treasurer/Secretary
Unit 6 2/F Esperanza Business Center
Pines City Executive Village
ML Quezon St., San Roque Antipolo City
Contact No. 0917-1397451
Landline No. (63)618-7667/(63)470-1008
Email Add<EMAIL_ADDRESS>RICARDO Q. CENA
President
Contact No.<PHONE_NUMBER>5


The meaning is as important as the feeling.You can dance but the song must make you think.
Everyone needs to do their part in leaving something positive behind for the next generation.
May the next adventure lead you to your great discovery. Every day in this world was a gift to us.
By accepting this true fact, anyone can find greatness and peace within themselves. It is our destiny to cherish our environment.
Whether looking over the horizon of a great city, or a great canyon; appreciate the moment.
Be proud of who you are and what you do. A great leader has the confidence; not always the ability to achieve.
By putting trust in yourself, you can achieve anything. Greatness is only as far of a reach as you make it to be.
Learn, Live, Love, Laugh; this is the meaning of LYFE.


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Description
Term Project for data base mangement system


Ashkay is a strategy based caching tool. In most cases, you might be using a configuration file to tell the cache what
rules it should obey. Or, you might just be setting properties on the cache. I have never liked this model as it limits
me, the user of the cache to strategies the developer decided were important. Instead, Ashkay lets you choose the
strategy(ies) to use when caching certain objects. Of course, a few of the most handy strategies are pre-packaged, but
implementing a new one is a simple as can be.
Standalone or Factory
Creating a usable cache is simple:
ObjectCache cache = new ObjectCache();
At this point, you have complete control over the cache. Methods such as put(Object, Object)
,
get(Object)
, etc. allow you to use the cache in any manner you want. Of course, just like this, the
ObjectCache is little more than a HashMap. The first thing you might want to do is ask the cache to delegate to a
factory if the object you are looking for is not in the cache. You can do this by passing an object that implements the
ObjectFactory interface into the cache during construction:
ObjectCache cache = new ObjectCache(new SomeFactory());
Once this is done, any call to get an object from the cache that would return null or the cache entry is invalid, will
call the createObject()
method of the specified factory. So, for example, if you have a Person object that
you want cached, your Person class might look like:
public class Person {
private static ObjectCache cache = new ObjectCache(new PersonFactory());
private String name;
public Person(String name)
{
this.name = name;
}
public static Person findPerson(String name)
{
return cache.get(name);
}
}
The PersonFactory class would be:
public class PersonFactory implements ObjectFactory {
public Object createObjectFor(Object key, Object data)
{
return new Person((String) key);
}
}
When you make a call to cache.get()
passing in a name that is not in the cache, then the cache will ask the
PersonFactory to create the Person. Then, before returning the Person to the calling code, the cache prepares the entry
and adds it to the cache.
Strategies
With or without an ObjectFactory, the cache is still a little more than a glorified HashMap without some way of expiring
a cache entry, or hint that an entry should be re-loaded. This is the work of the CachingStrategy
implementations. An ObjectCache may have 0 to many strategies associated with it. When an object is put into the cache,
or a factory creates one, that object is wrapped in an internal CacheEntry
and each strategy is asked to
prepare
the entry. It may do nothing, or it may set a property on the entry, or, it may even return a whole
new CacheEntry, wrapping the old one. Each subsequent call to get
the object from the cache will ask each
strategy to verify
the entry. If any strategy fails, the object is reloaded from the factory, or null is
returned.
CachingStrategies are very simple and can be combined together to perform very sophisticated caching implementations.
Prepackaged with ashkay are several common strategies:
- NullCachingStrategy
- Caches nothing. The size method will not work right in this strategy as the NullCachingStrategy actually just
uses a SoftReferenceCachingStrategy but returns false on all verifies.
- FullCachingStrategy
- Always returns true from verify.
- SoftReferenceCachingStrategy
- For memory sensative situations, a SoftReferenceCachingStrategy wraps each object in a SoftReference allowing it
to be garbage collected if need be,
- LastModifiedCachingStrategy
- Checks the last modified time on a resource. If it has been modified, it will fail verification.
- TimeExpirationCachingStrategy
- Expires an extry after a designated time.
How might you combine these. Let's say you are caching XSL Transforms. They are expensive to create so caching them
makes a lot of sense. But, if you are reading them from a file, you would like to have the update when the file changes;
And, you don't want them hanging around if they are not used much. You can create a factory that creates a transform
from a filename that is a key. When you create the object cache, just add both strategies; SoftRefernce for memory and
LastModified to take care of the file changing. Easy peezy.


My name is Micah Harrison and I am a 18 year old intended Computer Science major at the University of California, Berkeley. I grew up in the beautiful Pomona, California where I graduated from Garey Highschool in 2016. My community was primarily low income and lacked motivation; however, through determination and performance, I was accepted to a prestigious university where I am in one of the best fields of study there is.
In my family, I am the youngest of seven children (My parents saved the best for last) and I was able to learn a lot from the mistakes my siblings would make. In my free time I frequently go hiking with my golden lab, Ellie. I also enjoy coding for fun and being a nerd.
EducationLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetuer adipiscing elit. Aenean commodo ligula eget dolor. Aenean massa. Cum sociis natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Donec quam felis, ultricies nec, pellentesque eu, pretium quis, sem. Nulla consequat massa quis enim. Donec pede justo, fringilla vel, aliquet nec, vulputate eget, arcu. In enim justo, rhoncus ut, imperdiet a, venenatis vitae, justo. Nullam dictum felis eu pede mollis pretium. Integer tincidunt.
Ability to work under pressure, adapt to change, and deal with difficult situations. Proven developed project and resource management skills. Able to build positive working relationships that helps everyone achieve their goals and business objectives. Confident in my own abilities and am able to instill confidence in others that they might take on and complete rigorous challenges professionally. Proactive team player who is able to rally up teammates to achieve meaningful contributions to a businesses success. Proficient in coding in Python and Scheme
Summer of 2015: Superior: Electrical Mechanical and Plumbing: At this company, I work as a Jr. Project manager. My responsibilities included organizing time and material sheets for proper billing, acting as a head of a diverse group of electricians, and completing and presenting bills of sales to customers in order to finalize transactions.
Summer of 2016 and 2017: Raging Waters At Raging Waters I operated as a Cashier/ Guest Services. As a Cashier, I would handle large amounts of money while selling tickets to be admitted into the water park. Guest Services allowed me to help and handle customers that have any comments, complaints, or concerns. Whether they just needed a map of the park or they were unhappy with their visit, I would work to the best of my ability to fulfill their requests.
August 2016 - Present: Clark Kerr Housing Assistant While working at Clark Kerr Unit for UC Berkeley, I managed the mailroom, front office, and Assistant Student Learning Center. I utilized organizational skills in the mailroom sorting mail appropriately so that it ran smoothly and my customer service background helped me to handle students with any issues they may have with their living quarters at the front desk. In the ASC, I helped students with any issues using University computers or printers.
Summer of 2015: Superior: Electrical Mechanical and Plumbing: At this company, I work as a Jr. Project manager. My responsibilities included organizing time and material sheets for proper billing, acting as a head of a diverse group of electricians, and completing and presenting bills of sales to customers in order to finalize transactions.
Summer of 2016 and 2017: Raging Waters At Raging Waters I operated as a Cashier/ Guest Services. As a Cashier, I would handle large amounts of money while selling tickets to be admitted into the water park. Guest Services allowed me to help and handle customers that have any comments, complaints, or concerns. Whether they just needed a map of the park or they were unhappy with their visit, I would work to the best of my ability to fulfill their requests.
August 2016 - Present: Clark Kerr Housing Assistant While working at Clark Kerr Unit for UC Berkeley, I managed the mailroom, front office, and Assistant Student Learning Center. I utilized organizational skills in the mailroom sorting mail appropriately so that it ran smoothly and my customer service background helped me to handle students with any issues they may have with their living quarters at the front desk. In the ASC, I helped students with any issues using University computers or printers.


Umar Adejoh
GitHub
Projects
Archifolios
Built With: Bootstrap
Online architects' portfolio
View Project
Experience
Terra Casa Ltd
Technology: Full-Stack
Web Developer
View Work


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Graphical representation of bug types
Summary
T1
T2
T3
T4
Total
Bugs
6.78%
3.67%
28.33%
61.22%
40493
Comments
5.09%
3.07%
22.23%
69.61%
239777
Days
6.48%
4.38%
21.58%
67.55%
3891618
Reop
5.32%
3.51%
19.47%
71.70%
3081
Duplicate
3.92%
1.46%
22.28%
72.33%
3007
Bug repartition
Openning Time (Days)
Comments
Reopenning
Duplicated


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% set active_page = "landing" %} {% block body %}
To begin searching the Data Commons, you must first sign in with Github.


FOR YOUR EYES ONLY (1981) A film review by James Berardinelli Copyright 1996 James Berardinelli
RATING (0 TO 10): 7.0 Alternative Scale: *** out of ****
United Kingdom, 1981 Running Length: 2:07 MPAA Classification: PG (Sexual innuendo, violence) Theatrical Aspect Ratio: 2.2:1
Cast: Roger Moore, Carole Bouquet, Julian Glover, Topol, Lynn-Holly Johnson, Michael Gothard, Desmond Llewelyn, Lois Maxwell, Walter Gotell Director: John Glen Producer: Albert R. Broccoli Screenplay: Richard Maibaum and Michael G. Wilson Cinematography: Alan Hume Music: Bill Conti U.S. Distributor: United Artists
With FOR YOUR EYES ONLY, Roger Moore's fifth appearance as Bond and the twelfth entry in the long-running series, 007 enters the 1980s with a return to the "glory days" of the '60s. Realizing it would be tough to top the technical glitz of MOONRAKER, the film makers wisely chose not to try, opting instead for a retro-Bond adventure that takes the intrepid superspy back into familiar territory: KGB involvement in a plan that centers on classified British secrets.
But that's not the only aspect of FOR YOUR EYES ONLY that looks more to Bond's past than his future. Blofeld, the constant nemesis during the Connery years, makes a brief return appearance, and the film opens with 007 visiting the grave of his dead wife, Tracy. Regarding familiar faces, M isn't in this movie (Bernard Lee having died just prior to the start of filming), but Q (Desmond Llewelyn) and Moneypenny (Lois Maxwell) are. Also, KGB general Gogel (Walter Gotell), who first came on board during THE SPY WHO LOVED ME, has a small part. (Gogel was in every film from SPY through THE LIVING DAYLIGHTS.)
Bond's mission this time, "for [his] eyes only", is to locate and, if possible, recover Great Britain's ATAC equipment -- a ship-based weapons system that allows the user to take control of the country's nuclear submarines, ordering them to attack any target. ATAC was on board a freighter that sank in the Ionian Sea, and Bond has at least one major rival, a sly villain named Kristatos (Julian Glover), who's after it as well. Joining 007 on his quest is Melina (French actress Carole Bouquet), the daughter of a scientist killed by Kristatos, who has vowed revenge against her father's murderers. Also along for the ride is the good-natured smuggler Columbo (Topol), who Kristatos set up as a fall guy.
Locations in FOR YOUR EYES ONLY vary across Europe. On a per- minute basis, there are more stunts and chases in this film than in any previous 007 adventure, and some are quite spectacular. There's a car chase, a shoot-and-dodge race down icy slopes and through a bobsled run, a tense mountain-scaling sequence, and nearly as much underwater action as in THUNDERBALL. FOR YOUR EYES ONLY has its share of breathtaking moments. As for the music -- suffice it to say that John Barry is missed.
Alas, Julian Glover's Kristatos won't be remembered as one of the great 007 bad guys. While the actor's ability is beyond question, it's usually not talent that makes for a memorable Bond villain, and Glover just isn't over-the-top or nasty enough. (One wonders if the film makers might have done better keeping Blofeld around for more than the pre-credits sequence.)
Like Diana Rigg in ON HER MAJESTY'S SECRET SERVICE, Carole Bouquet is one of the few Bond girls who can actually act (although she doesn't get much chance to show it). Lynn-Holly Johnson plays a young skater who's infatuated with 007, but this particular subplot, played for comedy, never works, and is occasionally painful to endure. Fortunately, it doesn't eat up much screen time.
In the final analysis, FOR YOUR EYES ONLY is a solid adventure, although it could have been better. There's enough action to hold those with even a short attention span, and Roger Moore's deft charm hasn't yet begun to wear thin (that starts with the next film, OCTOPUSSY). By the end of the '80s, Bond would be viewed as something of a relic, but at least the decade opened with an enjoyable outing.
- James Berardinelli e-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>web: http://www2.cybernex.net/~berardin
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


The W3C Permissions and Obligations Expression (POE) Working Group has been chartered to create recommendations for expressing permissions and obligations statements for digital content. Try the API here!.
No output
.


Bride & Groom
Every love story is beautiful, ours too.
Countdown to Linda and Gilang's wedding day Saturday, 30 March 2019, 11.00 - 13.00 WIB.
Every love story is beautiful, ours too.
Our wedding will be held at Gedung Pewayangan Kautaman, Jl. Raya Taman Mini, Pintu 1, Jakarta Timur.
Words alone cannot express the gratitude in our heart for attending the wedding. We surely will feel bless to see you. Hope you had a good time. - Linda & Gilang -
Really appreciated for you guys who have granted our wishes in this wishlist. Please message us ( Linda or Gilang ) privately, if you want to grant our wish. Thanks.
We keep this love in a photograph, We made these memories for ourselves - Ed Sheeran -


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block header %}
The Genomics Virtual Laboratory (GVL) takes the IT out of Bioinformatics. It lets Biologists use a suite of genomics analysis tools that currently often require specialist assistance. The tools provided by the GVL can help you with creating an elastic compute cluster on the cloud and running your analyses on that cluster. The GVL can also help you with protocols and tutorials for common analysis problems. The GVL was made possible through grants and contributions from the following institutions:
| Component Name | Version | Build date | Extra data |
|---|---|---|---|
| {$ app.name $} | {$ app.version $} | {$ app.build_date $} |
{$ item $} : {$ value $} |


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Pet Favorites
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If commands need to be activated in some fashion in order to be evaluated.
Most commonly you would place an if command inside an action. However,
they
could also be place inside an alias or macro. The if command has
been modeled
after an if statement in C.
or false. Any statement evaluating to a
0 is considered false, while any
other result would be considered true.
evaluated to true.
evaluated to false. This paramater is optional.
Operators recognized by if:
Operator Description
Operator Description
-------- ---------------------
-------- ------------------------
&&
And
|| Or
==
Equal To
= Equal To
!=
Not Equal To
> Greater Than
<
Less Than
>= Greater Than or Equal
To
<=
Less Than or Equal To ()
Precedence
Operators are evaluated in this order: (), &&, ||, =, ==, !=, >, <, >=, <=.
Conditional statements or parts of conditional statements can be negated with !
as long as the portion of the statement being negated is surrounded by parentheses.
To use !, it would be something like
/if {!($0 > 5)} {/showme {$0 is smaller}} {/showme {$0 is larger}}
/action {^You are hungry.} {/if {$AutoEat = 1} {take food bag;eat
food}}
The above would allow you to turn eating on and off. You need to
define a
variable called AutoEat and give it a value of 1 when you want eating
to be
automatic, and any other number when you want to turn it off.
/action {%0 enters the room.} {/if {$MeanMode = 1 && $0 =
"Atlas" || $0 =
"Breedan"} {spit $0}}
Assuming the mud sent the text "<character name> enters the room."
each time
somebody entered the room. Each time somebody enters the room the
client would
check to see if MeanMode is 1, and that the name of the person who
entered is
either Atlas or Breedan, and if it is, would spit on them.
Click here to return to previous page.


Bowling Green Concierce Service
Name
Email
Phone Number
Selected Service
Total:
Confirm
After confirming, you will get a call confirming all details


Welcome to Ringstraße of Fortune!
This is a totally original game and not at all a rip off of Wheel of Fortune, even though it has mostly the same rules:
- On your turn, we'll spin the Ringstraße behind the scenes and come up with a value.
- You can either guess a letter or try to solve the puzzle


What's your name?
Please input your name
Gender?
Male
Female
Other
Favorite type of media?
Movies
Music
Television
Submit
Gold-standard Devito
Ongo Gablogian
The Trashman
PURE Devito
Napoleon Devito
Young Devito


{% extends "site_base.html" %}
{% load i18n %}
{% load laws_extra %}
{% load common_visual_elements %}
{% block extratitle %}{{ title }}{% endblock %}
{% block keywords %}{{ title }}{% endblock %}
{% block description %}{{ title }} - {% endblock %}
{% block nav-votes %}class="selected"{% endblock %}
{% block subnav %}
{% trans 'Vote types' %}: {% for link in friend_pages.type %}{{ link.1 }} • {% endfor %}
{% trans 'Tags' %}: {% for link in friend_pages.tagged %} {{ link.1 }} • {% endfor %}
{% trans 'Time range' %}: {% for link in friend_pages.since %} {{ link.1 }} • {% endfor %}
{% trans 'Order by' %}: {% for link in friend_pages.order %} {{ link.1 }} • {% endfor %}
{% trans 'Choose by tag' %}
{% endblock %}
{% block divcontent %}
| {% trans 'For' %}: | {{ o.for_votes_count }} | {% bar o.for_votes_count "for" %} |
| {% trans 'Against' %}: | {{ o.against_votes_count }} | {% bar o.against_votes_count "against" %} |
{{ o.time_string }}
{% if o.full_text %}{% endif %} {% if o.summary %}{% endif %} {% if o.against_party_votes_count %}{% blocktrans count o.against_party_votes_count as counter %} {{ counter }} MK voted differently than the majority of his party {% plural %} {{ counter }} MKs voted differently than the majority of their party {% endblocktrans %}
{% endif %} {% if o.against_coalition_votes_count %}{% blocktrans count o.against_coalition_votes_count as counter %} {{ counter }} member of the coalition voted differently than the majority of the coalition {% plural %} {{ counter }} member of the coalition voted differently than the majority of the coalition {% endblocktrans %}
{% endif %} {% if o.against_opposition_votes_count %}{% blocktrans count o.against_opposition_votes_count as counter %} {{ counter }} member of the opposition voted differently than the majority of the opposition {% plural %} {{ counter }} member of the opposition voted differently than the majority of the opposition {% endblocktrans %}
{% endif %}


{{ partial "header.html" . }}
Harness the Power of Open Source in a Truly Hybrid Integration Platform.
We're hard at work building the platform's community site. Check back often for updates on progress, or sign up to our mailing list to get the latest news as it happens.
Syndesis can connect to any service you use. Syndesis provides a rich set of connectors out of the box, and if one doesn't exist - a friendly developer will be able to easily create one for you.
The Syndesis UI allows literally anyone to create integrations from the simplest to the most complex.
The Syndesis dashboard lets you know how your integrations are running. Stop and start your integrations on demand. Do what you want with your data.
Don’t get tied into a single technology or platform. With Syndesis, you have a choice. Run it on the cloud or on premises. Run it on Kubernetes or OpenShift.


The goal of this project is to create an artificially intelligent agent that performs well in Hearts. Our intelligent program will overcome challenges of imperfect information digital game-play to compete successfully against players that use Greedy and Random approaches.
Unlike Chess, Checkers and Tic-Tac-Toe, games in which pieces are visible at all times, Hearts is a stochastic game of imperfect information, hinging on a partially observable environment, as each player’s hand is concealed from other players. If we could see our opponents’ cards, we would be able to use a standard search algorithm to play, perhaps even finding optimal strategies and solutions. Without this information, developing a winning strategy becomes a much more complicated problem.
Given the knowledge of the cards that have been played and the cards one currently holds in his or her hand, the number of potential distributions for the remaining cards is extremely large. In the worst case - during the first round - a player only knows the 13 hards in her hand, leaving an huge number of possible card configurations, as displayed below:
In any given trick, the player must choose from up to 13 actions, or cards to play. Enumerating possible outcomes becomes impossible given the size of the state space, making devising an optimal strategy impossible. Given that Hearts is a relatively easy game to learn, it is interesting to consider how hard it is to truly master.


Namespace Orleans.Serialization
Classes
BondSerializer
An implementation of IExternalSerializer for usage with Bond types.
ProtobufSerializer
An implementation of IExternalSerializer for usage with Protobuf types.
SerializerDelegateMetadata
Describes a set of delegates which are used to serializer a specified type.
SerializerFeature
Contains metadata about serializers and serialization types.
SerializerKnownTypeMetadata
Describes a type which can be identified by the serializer.
SerializerTypeMetadata
Describes a class which has serialization methods.
Structs
SerializerMethods
Contains delegates for serialization.
Interfaces
IBinaryTokenStreamReader
IBinaryTokenStreamWriter
ICopyContext
IDeserializationContext
IFieldUtils
IOnDeserialized
Indicates that a class is to be notified when it has been deserialized.
ISerializationContext
ISerializerContext
Delegates
DeepCopier
Deep copier function.
Deserializer
Deserializer function.
Serializer
Serializer function.
ValueTypeSetter<TDeclaring, TField>
The delegate used to set fields in value types.


Group Activities Spring 2021
Note: The last class in each half-semester will be share week. During group activity time, everyone will share their projects with each other, test them out, and give constructive feedback.
Beginner Activities
Advanced Activities


Creates a new completer.
The general workflow for creating a new future is to 1) create a new completer, 2) hand out its future, and, at a later point, 3) invoke either complete or completeError.
The completer completes the future asynchronously. That means that callbacks registered on the future, are not called immediately when complete or completeError is called. Instead the callbacks are delayed until a later microtask.
Example:
var completer = new Completer();
handOut(completer.future);
later: {
completer.complete('completion value');
}
Source
factory Completer() => new _AsyncCompleter<T>();


-
You Are Not Late
medium.com
Can you imagine how awesome it would have been to be an entrepreneur in 1985 when almost any dot com name you wanted was…
-
Amazon.com: Full Color Nail Art Design Book 1000 Demonstrations for ...
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Full Color Nail Art Design Book 1000 Demonstrations for Fingernail & Toenail
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10 Tricks to Appear Smart During Meetings
medium.com
Here are my ten favorite tricks for quickly appearing smart during meetings.
-
Stripe: Apple Pay
stripe.com
Stripe is a suite of APIs that powers commerce for businesses of all sizes.
-
Amazon.com: KRUPS F203 Electric Spice and Coffee Grinder with Stainless ...
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: KRUPS F203 Electric Spice and Coffee Grinder with Stainless Steel Blades, Black: Power Blade Coffee Grinders: Kitchen & Dining
-
Build software better, together
github.com
GitHub is the best place to build software together. Over 4 million people use GitHub to share code.
-
Europe Edition - Latest News, Breaking Stories, Top Headlines From Europe ...
online.wsj.com
WSJ coverage of today's breaking news and headlines for Europe. Top stories, photos, videos and detailed news analysis and reporting about Europe.
-
Amazon.com: Columbo: The Complete Series: Peter Falk: Movies & TV
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Columbo: The Complete Series: Peter Falk: Movies & TV
-
Amazon.com: TaskOne G3 Pro - Multi Tool Utility Case for iPhone 5/5S - Red ...
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: TaskOne G3 Pro - Multi Tool Utility Case for iPhone 5/5S - Red Trim: Sports & Outdoors
-
Amazon.com: Game of Thrones: Season 4 (Blu-ray/DVD Combo + Digital Copy): ...
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Game of Thrones: Season 4 (Blu-ray/DVD Combo + Digital Copy): Various: Movies & TV
-
Amazon.com: PlayStation 4 Destiny Bundle: Video Games
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: PlayStation 4 Destiny Bundle: Video Games
-
Watch Transparent Season 1 Episode - Amazon Instant Video
www.amazon.com
An LA family with serious boundary issues have their past and future unravel when a dramatic admission causes everyone's secrets to spill out. ...
-
Amazon Fulfillment - Military Talent Recruiting
www.amazonfulfillmentcareers.com
Operations is at the heart of the Amazon experience. We deliver millions of products to hundreds of countries worldwide. Our teams possess a wide ...
-
Amazon.com: Super Smash Bros. - Nintendo Wii U: Video Games
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Super Smash Bros. - Nintendo Wii U: Video Games
-
Amazon.com : Selfie Brush™ for iPhone 5 & 5s : Beauty
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com : Selfie Brush™ for iPhone 5 & 5s : Beauty
-
Amazon.com: Cards Against Humanity: Toys & Games
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Cards Against Humanity: Toys & Games
-
Amazon.com: Halo: The Master Chief Collection: Xbox One: Video Games
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Halo: The Master Chief Collection: Xbox One: Video Games
-
Watch X-Men: Days of Future Past (2014) online - Amazon Instant Video
www.amazon.com
The heroic characters from the original X-Men film trilogy join forces with their younger selves in an epic battle that must change the past -- to ...
-
Amazon.com: PlayStation 4 Console: Video Games
www.amazon.com
Get FREE Shipping on PlayStation 4 consoles and bundles. Shop the most anticipated PS4 games and must-have accessories on Amazon.com.
-
Amazon.com : Suck UK Cat Stratching DJ Deck : Scratching Posts : Pet ...
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com : Suck UK Cat Stratching DJ Deck : Scratching Posts : Pet Supplies
-
Amazon.com: Oenophilia Porto Sippers, Set of 8: Coasters: Kitchen & Dining
www.amazon.com
Shop for the Oenophilia Porto Sippers, Set of 8 at the Amazon Dining Store. Find Dinnerware sets, Plates, Glasses, Mugs, Cups, Utensils and more with ...
-
Amazon.com: Fitbit Flex Wireless Activity + Sleep Wristband, Black: Health ...
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Fitbit Flex Wireless Activity + Sleep Wristband, Black: Health & Personal Care
-
Amazon.com: X-Men: Days of Future Past [Blu-ray]: Hugh Jackman, James ...
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: X-Men: Days of Future Past [Blu-ray]: Hugh Jackman, James McAvoy, Michael Fassbender, Jennifer Lawrence, Halle Berry, Nicholas Hoult, ...
-
Amazon.com: Super Smash Bros. - Nintendo 3DS: Video Games
www.amazon.com
Amazon.com: Super Smash Bros. - Nintendo 3DS: Video Games


- A Message From Warren E. Buffett
-
News Releases
Updated November 6, 2015
- Annual & Interim Reports
- Warren Buffett's Letters to Berkshire Shareholders
Updated February 28, 2015
- Special Letters From Warren & Charlie RE:Past, Present and Future
- Charlie Munger's Letters to Wesco Shareholders
- Link to SEC Filings
- Annual Meeting Information
- Links to Berkshire Subsidiary Companies
- Celebrating 50 Years of a Profitable Partnership
(A commemorative book first sold at the 2015 Annual Meeting and now for sale on eBay.)
- Corporate Governance
- Comparative Rights and Relative Prices of Class A and B Stock
- Owner's Manual
- Berkshire Activewear
- Letters from Warren E. Buffett Regarding Pledges to Make Gifts of Berkshire Stock


Syntax: Ruby
Ruby Script #1
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
# Copyright (c) 2009 Samuel Williams. Released under the GNU GPLv3.
#
# This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
# it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
# the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
# (at your option) any later version.
#
# This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
# but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
# MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the
# GNU General Public License for more details.
#
# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
# along with this program. If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
require 'rubygems'
require 'rexec'
require 'rexec/daemon'
require 'rubygems'
require 'rubydns'
# To run this command, use the standard daemon syntax as root
# ./daemon2.rb start
# You should be able to see that the server has dropped priviledges
# # ps aux | grep daemon2.rb
# daemon 16555 0.4 0.0 81392 2024 ?? S 3:35am 0:00.28 ruby ../test/daemon2.rb start
# Test using the following command
# dig @localhost test.mydomain.org
# You might need to change the user name "daemon". This can be a user name or a user id.
RUN_AS = "daemon"
# UDP Socket does per packet reverse lookups unless this is set.
UDPSocket.do_not_reverse_lookup = true
# We need to be root in order to bind to privileged port
if RExec.current_user != "root"
$stderr.puts "Sorry, this command needs to be run as root!"
exit 1
end
# The Daemon itself
class Server < RExec::Daemon::Base
@@var_directory = File.dirname(__FILE__)
def self.run
# Bind to port 53 (UDP)
socket = UDPSocket.new
socket.bind("<IP_ADDRESS>", 53)
# Drop priviledges
RExec.change_user(RUN_AS)
# Don't buffer output (for debug purposes)
$stderr.sync = true
# Use upstream DNS for name resolution (These ones are Orcon DNS in NZ)
$R = Resolv::DNS.new(:nameserver => ["<IP_ADDRESS>", "<IP_ADDRESS>"])
# Start the RubyDNS server
RubyDNS::run_server(:listen => [socket]) do
match("test.mydomain.org", :A) do |transaction|
transaction.respond!("<IP_ADDRESS>")
end
# Default DNS handler
otherwise do |transaction|
logger.info "Passthrough: #{transaction}"
transaction.passthrough!($R)
end
end
end
end
# RExec daemon runner
Server.daemonize
Ruby Script #2
#!/usr/bin/env ruby
# Simple Operator Expression Parser
require 'set'
DEBUG = false
class Array
def map_to(with)
r = {}
each_with_index { |v,i| r[v] = with[i] }
return r
end
end
module Expression
class Context
def initialize(operators, values)
@values = values
@operators = operators
end
def value_of (key)
@values[key]
end
def call (op, args)
@operators.call(op, args)
end
end
class Constant
def initialize(value)
@value = value
end
def evaluate (ctx)
return @value
end
end
class Identifier
def initialize(name)
@name = name
end
def evaluate (ctx)
ctx.value_of(@name)
end
end
class Operator
def initialize(name, args = [])
@name = name
@args = args
end
def name
@name
end
def evaluate (ctx)
ctx.call(@name, @args.collect { |a| a.evaluate(ctx) })
end
def args
@args
end
end
class Brackets
def initialize(node)
@node = node
end
def evaluate (ctx)
@node.evaluate(ctx)
end
end
class Parser
def initialize(ops, expr)
@identifiers = []
@operators = ops
# Tokens and expressions line up
@expressions = []
@tokens = []
@top = nil
parse(expr)
end
def evaluate (ctx)
@expressions.collect do |expr|
expr != nil ? expr.evaluate(ctx) : nil
end
end
def identifiers
@identifiers
end
def tokens
@tokens
end
private
def parse(expr)
symbols = @operators.keys + ["(", ")"]
tokenizer = Regexp.union(Regexp.union(*symbols), /[A-Z]+/)
@tokens = expr.scan(tokenizer)
@expressions = [nil] * @tokens.size
@identifiers = Set.new(expr.scan(/[A-Z]+/))
@top, i = process_expression
if DEBUG
puts "Processed #{i} tokens..."
puts "Tokens: " + @tokens.join(" ")
puts @top.inspect
puts @expressions.inspect
end
end
def process_expression(i = 0)
ast = []
ops = {}
while i < @tokens.size
t = @tokens[i]
if t == "("
result, i = process_expression(i+1)
ast += result
elsif t == ")"
break
else
result = process_token(i)
ast << result
end
if result.class == Operator
ops[result.name] ||= []
# Store the index
ops[result.name] << (ast.size - 1)
end
i += 1
end
#puts ast.inspect
# We need to sort the list of operators now
# [c, infix, prefix, c]
@operators.order.each do |name|
op_kind = @operators.kind(name)
next unless ops[name]
ops[name].each do |loc|
op = ast[loc]
if op_kind == :prefix
rhs = find_subexpression(ast, loc, RHS_SEARCH)
op.args << ast[rhs]
ast[rhs] = nil
elsif op_kind == :infix
lhs = find_subexpression(ast, loc, LHS_SEARCH)
rhs = find_subexpression(ast, loc, RHS_SEARCH)
op.args << ast[lhs]
op.args << ast[rhs]
ast[lhs] = ast[rhs] = nil
elsif op_kind == :postfix
lhs = find_subexpression(ast, loc, LHS_SEARCH)
op.args << ast[lhs]
ast[rhs] = nil
end
end
end
return [ast.uniq, i]
end
RHS_SEARCH = 1
LHS_SEARCH = -1
def find_subexpression(ast, loc, dir)
while loc >= 0 && loc < ast.size
loc += dir
return loc if ast[loc] != nil
end
return nil
end
def process_token(i)
t = @tokens[i]
if @operators.key? t
tok = Operator.new(t)
elsif t.match /[A-Z]+/
tok = Identifier.new(t)
else
tok = Constant.new(t)
end
@expressions[i] = tok
return tok
end
end
TYPE = 0
FUNC = 1
class Operators
def initialize
@operators = {}
@order = []
end
def add(sym, kind, &block)
@operators[sym] = [kind, block]
@order << sym
end
def order
@order
end
def keys
@operators.keys
end
def key? k
@operators.key? k
end
def kind k
@operators[k][0]
end
def call(k, args)
@operators[k][1].call(*args)
end
end
end


@Target(value=PARAMETER) @Retention(value=RUNTIME) public @interface ClosureParams
public <T,R> List<R> doSomething(List<T> source, Closure<R> consumer)
The problem this annotation tries to solve is to define the expected parameter types of the
consumer closure. The generics type defined in Closure<R>
correspond to the
result type of the closure, but tell nothing about what the closure must accept as arguments.
There's no way in Java or Groovy to express the type signature of the expected closure call method from outside the closure itself, so we rely on an annotation here. Unfortunately, annotations also have limitations (like not being able to use generics placeholder as annotation values) that prevent us from expressing the type directly.
Additionally, closures are polymorphic. This means that a single closure can be used with different, valid,
parameter signatures. A typical use case can be found when a closure accepts either a Map.Entry
or a (key,value) pair, like the DefaultGroovyMethods.each(java.util.Map, groovy.lang.Closure)
method.
For those reasons, the ClosureParams
annotation only takes two arguments:
value()
defines a ClosureSignatureHint
hint class
that the compiler will use to infer the parameter typesoptions()
, a set of options that are passed to the hint when the type is inferredAs a result, the previous signature can be written like this:
public <T,R> List<R> doSomething(List<T> source, @ClosureParams(FirstParam.FirstGenericType.class) Closure<R> consumer)
Which uses the FirstParam.FirstGenericType
first generic type of the first argument
| Modifier and Type | Required Element and Description |
|---|---|
Class<? extends ClosureSignatureHint> |
value |
public abstract Class<? extends ClosureSignatureHint> value
public abstract String[] options


Defined in generated file: python/ops/gen_array_ops.py
Scatter updates
into a new tensor according to indices
.
tf.compat.v1.manip.scatter_nd
tf.compat.v1.scatter_nd
tf.compat.v2.scatter_nd
tf.scatter_nd( indices, updates, shape, name=None )
Creates a new tensor by applying sparse updates
to individual values or
slices within a tensor (initially zero for numeric, empty for string) of
the given shape
according to indices. This operator is the inverse of the
tf.gather_nd
operator which extracts values or slices from a given tensor.
This operation is similar to tensor_scatter_add, except that the tensor is
zero-initialized. Calling tf.scatter_nd(indices, values, shape)
is identical
to tensor_scatter_add(tf.zeros(shape, values.dtype), indices, values)
If indices
contains duplicates, then their updates are accumulated (summed).
WARNING: The order in which updates are applied is nondeterministic, so the
output will be nondeterministic if indices
contains duplicates -- because
of some numerical approximation issues, numbers summed in different order
may yield different results.
indices
is an integer tensor containing indices into a new tensor of shape
shape
. The last dimension of indices
can be at most the rank of shape
:
indices.shape[-1] <= shape.rank
The last dimension of indices
corresponds to indices into elements
(if indices.shape[-1] = shape.rank
) or slices
(if indices.shape[-1] < shape.rank
) along dimension indices.shape[-1]
of
shape
. updates
is a tensor with shape
indices.shape[:-1] + shape[indices.shape[-1]:]
The simplest form of scatter is to insert individual elements in a tensor by index. For example, say we want to insert 4 scattered elements in a rank-1 tensor with 8 elements.
In Python, this scatter operation would look like this:
indices = tf.constant([[4], [3], [1], [7]]) updates = tf.constant([9, 10, 11, 12]) shape = tf.constant([8]) scatter = tf.scatter_nd(indices, updates, shape) with tf.Session() as sess: print(sess.run(scatter))
The resulting tensor would look like this:
[0, 11, 0, 10, 9, 0, 0, 12]
We can also, insert entire slices of a higher rank tensor all at once. For example, if we wanted to insert two slices in the first dimension of a rank-3 tensor with two matrices of new values.
In Python, this scatter operation would look like this:
indices = tf.constant([[0], [2]]) updates = tf.constant([[[5, 5, 5, 5], [6, 6, 6, 6], [7, 7, 7, 7], [8, 8, 8, 8]], [[5, 5, 5, 5], [6, 6, 6, 6], [7, 7, 7, 7], [8, 8, 8, 8]]]) shape = tf.constant([4, 4, 4]) scatter = tf.scatter_nd(indices, updates, shape) with tf.Session() as sess: print(sess.run(scatter))
The resulting tensor would look like this:
[[[5, 5, 5, 5], [6, 6, 6, 6], [7, 7, 7, 7], [8, 8, 8, 8]], [[0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]], [[5, 5, 5, 5], [6, 6, 6, 6], [7, 7, 7, 7], [8, 8, 8, 8]], [[0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0]]]
Note that on CPU, if an out of bound index is found, an error is returned. On GPU, if an out of bound index is found, the index is ignored.
indices
: A Tensor
. Must be one of the following types: int32
, int64
.
Index tensor.updates
: A Tensor
. Updates to scatter into output.shape
: A Tensor
. Must have the same type as indices
.
1-D. The shape of the resulting tensor.name
: A name for the operation (optional).A Tensor
. Has the same type as updates
.


interface AssetManager
interface AssetManager
DataEx.Companion.isEligible
interface LinkManager
interface LinkManager
class TakeoverActivity
when the user has completed onboarding. This is useful
if you wish to act on that event by overriding Activity.onActivityResult


| < Day Day Up > |
Vector Functions and OperatorsThe functions and overloaded operators that follow are useful in performing operations with two vectors, or with a vector and a scalar, where the vector is based on the Vector class. Vector Addition: The + OperatorThis addition operator adds vector v to vector u according to the formula Here's the code: inline Vector operator+ (Vector u, Vector v) { return Vector(u.x + v.x, u.y + v.y, u.z + v.z); } Vector Subtraction: The - OperatorThis subtraction operator subtracts vector v from vector u according to the formula Here's the code: inline Vector operator-(Vector u, Vector v) { return Vector(u.x - v.x, u.y - v.y, u.z - v.z); } Vector Cross Product: The OperatorThis cross product operator takes the vector cross product between vectors u and v, u x v, and returns a vector perpendicular to both u and v according to the formula The resulting vector is perpendicular to the plane that contains vectors u and v. The direction in which this resulting vector points can be determined by the righthand rule. If you place the two vectors, u and v, tail to tail as shown in Figure A-7 and curl your fingers (of your right hand) in the direction from u to v, your thumb will point in the direction of the resulting vector. Figure A-7. Vector Cross ProductIn this case the resulting vector points out of the page along the z-axis, since the vectors u and v lie in the plane formed by the x- and y-axes. If two vectors are parallel, then their cross product will be zero. This is useful when you need to determine whether or not two vector are indeed parallel. The cross product operation is distributive; however, it is not commutative: Here's the code that takes the cross product of vectors u and v: inline Vector operator^ (Vector u, Vector v) { return Vector( u.y*v.z - u.z*v.y, -u.x*v.z + u.z*v.x, u.x*v.y - u.y*v.x ); } Vector cross products are handy when you need to find normal (perpendicular) vectors. For example, when performing collision detection, you often need to find the vector normal to the face of a polygon. You can construct two vectors in the plane of the polygon using the polygon's vertices and then take the cross product of these two vectors to get normal vector. Vector Dot Product: The * OperatorThis operator takes the vector dot product between the vectors u and v, according to the formula The dot product represents the projection of the vector u onto the vector v as illustrated in Figure A-8. Figure A-8. Vector Dot ProductIn this figure, P is the result of the dot product, and it is a scalar. You can also calculate the dot product if you the know the angle between the vectors: Here's the code that takes the dot product of u and v: // Vector dot product inline float operator*(Vector u, Vector v) { return (u.x*v.x + u.y*v.y + u.z*v.z); } Vector dot products are handy when you need to find the magnitude of a vector projected onto another one. Going back to collision detection as an example, you often have to determine the closest distance from a point, which may be a polygon vertex on one body (body 1), to a polygon face on another body (body 2). If you construct a vector from the face under consideration on body 2, using any of its vertices, to the point under consideration from body 1, then you can find the closest distance of that point from the plane of body 2's face by taking the dot product of that point with the normal vector to the plane. (If the normal vector is not of unit length, you'll have to divide the result by the magnitude of the normal vector.) Scalar Multiplication: The * OperatorThis operator multiplies the vector u by the scalar s on a component-by-component basis. There are two versions of this overloaded operator depending on the order in which the vector and scalar are encountered: inline Vector operator*(float s, Vector u) { return Vector(u.x*s, u.y*s, u.z*s); } inline Vector operator*(Vector u, float s) { return Vector(u.x*s, u.y*s, u.z*s); } Scalar Division: The / OperatorThis operator divides the vector u by the scalar s on a component-by-component basis: inline Vector operator/(Vector u, float s) { return Vector(u.x/s, u.y/s, u.z/s); } Triple Scalar ProductThis function takes the triple scalar product of the vectors u, v, and w according to the formula Here, the result, s, is a scalar. The code is as follows: inline float TripleScalarProduct(Vector u, Vector v, Vector w) { return float( (u.x * (v.y*w.z - v.z*w.y)) + (u.y * (-v.x*w.z + v.z*w.x)) + (u.z * (v.x*w.y - v.y*w.x)) ); } |
| < Day Day Up > |


The following shows a minimal input file for the compound Bi2Te3, written for the full-potential program lmf.
categories tokens ↓ ↓ VERS LM:7 FP:7 HAM AUTOBAS[PNU=1 LOC=1 LMTO=3 MTO=1 GW=0] GMAX=8.1 ITER MIX=B2,b=.3 NIT=10 CONVC=1e-5 BZ NKABC=3 METAL=5 N=2 W=.01 STRUC NSPEC=2 NBAS=5 NL=4 ALAT=4.7825489 PLAT= 1 0 4.0154392 -0.5 0.8660254 4.0154392 -0.5 -0.8660254 4.0154392 SPEC ATOM=Te Z= 52 R= 2.870279 ATOM=Bi Z= 83 R= 2.856141 SITE ATOM=Te POS= 0.0000000 0.0000000 0.0000000 ATOM=Te POS= -0.5000000 -0.8660254 1.4616199 ATOM=Te POS= 0.5000000 0.8660254 -1.4616199 ATOM=Bi POS= 0.5000000 0.8660254 0.8030878 ATOM=Bi POS= -0.5000000 -0.8660254 -0.8030878 −−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−Each element of data (shown in black) follows a token (shown in blue). The token tells the reader what the data signifies.
Each token belongs to a category
(shown in red).
VERS,
ITER,
BZ,
STRUC,
SPEC,
SITE
are categories that organize the input by topic.
Any text that begins in the first column is a category.
Thus the full identifier consists of a sequence of tags, e.g. BZ_METAL, whose components are stuctured like a tree.
Sometimes the identifier has three tags, e.g. HAM_AUTOBAS_LOC. The leading tag is the category; the last is the token.
W=.01reads a parameter (.01) from tag W. Tags are organized in a tree structure: a tag connected to the trunk of the tree is called a category. A category holds information for a family of data, for example BZ contains parameters associated with Brillouin zone integration. The entire input system has at present a grand total of 17 categories, though any one program uses only a subset of them.
A tag in the outermost branch of the tree points to actual data and is called a token. Each category contains a collection of tags within it −− usually tokens, but sometimes an intermediate tag which contains a collection of tokens within it, as described below.
Suppose for example, the calculation you want to do requires Brillouin zone integrations of a metallic material, which you plan to to carry out using the Methfessel-Paxton sampling method. two parameters: polynomial order n and gaussian width w. Two tags are used to identify them: internally they are represented as BZ_N and BZ_W, but in the input file they are usually expressed as follows:
BZ N=2 W=.01This format style is the most commonly used because it is clean and easy to read; but it conceals the tree structure a little. The same data can equally be written
BZ[N=2 W=.01]Now the tree structure is apparent: [..] delimits the scope of tag BZ. See here for a more complete description of the syntax.
The root tag, or category, is BZ in this case. Any tag that starts in the first column is a category. Thus any non-white character appearing in the first column automatically starts a new category, and also terminates any prior category, if it hasn't been terminated already. N= and W= mark tokens BZ_N and BZ_W.
Apart from the special use of the first column to identify categories, data is free-format, apart from a few mild exceptions. Thus
BZ N=2 W=.01 BZ W=.01 N=2 BZ[ W=.01 N=2]all represent the same information.
*Note if two categories appear in an input file, only the first is used. Subsequent categories are ignored. Generally, only the first tag is used when more than one appears within a given scope.
Usually the tag tree has only two levels (category and token) but not always. For example, data associated with atomic sites must be supplied for each site. In this case the tree has three levels, e.g. SITE_ATOM_POS. Site data is typically represented in a format along the following lines:
SITE ATOM=Ga POS= 0 0 0 RELAX=T ATOM=As POS= .25 .25 .25 ATOM=... ... ENDThe scope of SITE starts at `SITE' and terminates just before `END'. There will be multiple instances of the SITE_ATOM tag, one for each site. The scope of the first instance begins with the first occurrence of ATOM and terminates just before the second:
ATOM=Ga POS= 0 0 0 RELAX=TAnd the scope of the second SITE_ATOM is
ATOM=As POS= .25 .25 .25Note that ATOM simultaneously acts like a token pointing to data (e.g. Ga) and as a tag holding tokens within it, in this case SITE_ATOM_POS and (for the first site) SITE_ATOM_RELAX.
Some tags are required; others are optional; still others (in fact most) may not be used at all by a particular program. If a code needs site data, SITE_ATOM_POS is required, but SITE_ATOM_RELAX is probably optional, or not read at all.
Preprocessor
Input lines are passed through a preprocessor, which provides a wide flexibility in how input files are structured. The preprocessor has many features in common with a programming language, including the ability to declare variables, evaluate algebraic expressions; and it has constructs for branching and looping, to make possible multiple or conditional reading of input lines.
For example, supposing through a prior preprocessor instruction you have declared a variable range, and it has been assigned the value 3. This line in the input file
RMAX={range+1/4}is parsed and turned into
RMAX=3.25The preprocessor treats text inside brackets {...} as an expression (usually an algebraic expression), which is evaluated and rendered back as an ASCII string.
The preprocessor's programming language makes it possible for a single file to serve as input for many materials systems in the manner of a database; or as documentation. Also you can easily vary input conditions in a parameteric fashion.
Many files other than `ctrl.ext' are first parsed by the preprocessor: files for site positions, Euler angles for noncollinear magnetism, among others.
Command-line arguments
Command-line arguments allow for a second, very convenient input stream. In particular you can use them to declare and assign values to variables which can modify the input file via the preprocessor. A number of other directives are also possible. Here is an example:
lmchk -vns=4 -vnm=5 --wpos=pos ...lmchk reads site positions, checks for augmentation sphere overlaps, and can print out a wealth of other structural data. The switches tell lmchk to create variables ns and nm (assigning values 4 and 5 respectively), and includes an instruction to dump site positions to file pos.ext.
Following unix style, switches always begin with `−'. There are many command-line arguments that are specific to a particular executable; here some generic ones common to most or all programs are described. Some switches have a single `−'; some have two (`−−'). Those with a single `−' tend to have an `assignment' function, such as a variables declaration (eg −vx=3), while those with two tend to control program flow (eg. −−wpos=name). Sometimes there is not a clear distinction , e.g. −−pr and −pr perform the same function, namely setting the output verbosity via the command line.
You can also put these switches in the CMD category in the input file. The function is similar to a command-line argument, but not identical, since preprocessor has already read the input file before the 'CMD' switches are read. Thus the `−v' and `−c' variable declarations have no effect.
Some switches common to most or all programs. These are:
--h lists switches for that program and quits (warning: sometimes documentation is slightly out of date) --input same as turning on HELP=T in category IO; see HELP= above. --show same as turning on SHOW=T in category IO; see SHOW= above. --showp prints out input file after having run through the preprocessor, and exits. --pr#1[,#2] sets print verbosities. #2 is verbosity for generation -pr#1[,#2] of the potential, and assumes the value of #1 unless specified. --time=#1[,#2] prints out a summary of timings in various branches of the code at the close of program execution. Timings are kept to a nesting level of #1. If #2 is nonzero, timings are printed 'on the fly' --iactive turns on 'interactive' mode. User is queried at various points, such as whether to continue iterations. You can specify this in ctrl file 'IO IACTIV=' --no-iactive turns off 'interactive' mode -v"name=expr" declares a numeric variable and assigns to the value of expression `expr'. Be advised that only the first declaration of a variable is used. Later declarations have no effect. In addition to the declaration `name=...' there are assignment operators '*=','/=','+=','-=','^=' modify existing variables, following C syntax, as described in the preprocessor documentation. -c"name=strn" declares a character variable and assigns to value `strn' --rpos=filnam After reading input file, read site positions from "filnam" --fixpos[:tol=#] Adjust positions slightly, rendering them as exactly as possible consistent with the symmetry group
A Sample Input File
The easiest way to see how the input file system and preprocessor work is to
look at a sample input file. All programs use ctrl.ext
as the main input file; below is a sample input file suitable for a calculation within the
Atomic Spheres Approximation.
Lines beginning with:
Many auxiliary files are created by the various programs. Extension ext is appended to nearly all auxiliary files, e.g. files containing charge densities are rst.ext or rsta.ext. Thus, each materials system has a unique indentifier and multiple kinds of calculations can be run in a single directory.
------ Cut these lines and copy to file ctrl.si ------ # Any line beginning with `#' is a comment and is ignored. # Any text after `#' on any line is also ignored. # The VERS category is for version check: package 7, prepared for ASA input version 7. VERS LM:7 ASA:7 This is the HEADER category; it is used only for printout. HEADER Si in diamond lattice with empty spheres. You can put as many lines in the header as you like. Lines beginning with a non-blank character demarcate the start of new category. A category ends where the next category begins. Categories can appear in any order. # The SYMGRP category is optional. # Normally symmetry operations are determined automatically. SYMGRP i*r3(1,1,-1)::(1/4,1/4,1/4) r4x::(1/4,1/4,1/4) # Most input is of the form TOKEN=value TOKEN=value ... as follows: IO SHOW=F HELP=F VERBOS=31,20 WKP=F # In the preceding line, SHOW=, HELP=, VERBOS= and WKP= are tokens that indicate where data is to be read. # The data (token's contents) are respectively, "F", "F", "31,20" and "F". # Brackets [...] can also be used demarcate the beginning and end of any tag, including categories. HEADER [ The contents of HEADER reside within the category delimiters, ] so this line isn't part of it. # Only the first declaration of a category (or token) is read; thus # the preceding category will only be used if you remove or comment the first appearance of HEADER. # The next two lines for the STR category are equivalent. STR RMAX=3.6 STR RMAX[3.6] # Nesting : sometimes tags are nested: that is a tag's contents are more tags (a tree structure) # In the OPTIONS category, tag ASA contains multiple tokens, e.g. CCOR. OPTIONS NSPIN=1 ASA[ADNF=T TWOC=F CCOR=T] # The full identifier of CCOR above is OPTIONS_ASA_CCOR, # represented in the input as "OPTIONS ASA[CCOR=]" or "OPTIONS[ASA[CCOR=]]" # To avoid logical ambiguities, you are not allowed to represent this nested token as "OPTIONS ASA CCOR=". # Preprocessor # Lines beginning with a '%' are instructions to the preprocessor. # The following line declares to the preprocessor variables a0 and nk and assigns values to them: % var a0=.5292 nk=3+1 # Lines beginning with '%' are not part of the input file, but preprocessor instructions. # Text inside brackets {..} are taken by the preprocessor to be expressions (usually algebraic ones). # Algebraic expressions are evaluated numerically and the result converted into an ASCII string. # For example, in the BZ category below: BZ NKABC={nk} {nk} {nk} METAL=F DOSWT=T SAVDOS=F BZJOB=0 # The preprocessor parses each of the brackets and modifies the input to read: BZ NKABC=4 4 4 METAL=F DOSWT=T SAVDOS=F BZJOB=0 # Note that brackets can be nested: thus both "{nk*nk/2}" and "{nk*{nk/2}}" # would be replaced by "8". # Some tokens take a vector of numbers, e.g. PLAT in the STRUC category requires 9 numbers: STRUC NBAS=4 NCLASS=2 NL=3 ALAT=5.431/{a0} PLAT= 0 .5 .5 .5 0 .5 .5 .5 0 # Elements can be separated by spaces or commas. # A few tokens require multiple instances, e.g. information about sites and chemical species # in the SPEC and SITE categories: SITE ATOM=SI POS= 0 0 0 ATOM=SI POS= .25 .25 .25 ATOM=ES POS= .5 .5 .5 ATOM=ES POS= .75 .75 .75 SPEC ATOM=SI R/W=1 Z=14 ATOM=ES R/W=1 Z=0 # Here "Empty" atoms are put where large interstitial regions occur. # They are included here because this file is set up for a calculation using the # Atomic Spheres Approximation (ASA) to the LDA. The ASA makes shape approximations # to the potential, so large interstitial regions are problematic # The ITER category governs mixing and convergence of charge densities: ITER MIX=B2,wc=3,b0 CONVC=1D-5 NIT=10 # The START category is unique to the ASA. # This category sets starting values for P and Q which specifies a potential. START BEGMOM=T (=T to begin with moments, =F to begin with band-structure) CNTROL=T (=T to use following to override disk; =F to ignore following) ATOM=SI P=3.5 3.5 3.5 Q=1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 ATOM=ES P=1.5 2.5 3.5 Q=.5 0 0 .5 0 0 0 0 0 ------ End of input file ------Help with finding tokens: the --input switch
To see what a particular program would try to read, without actually reading anything, run your executable code with --input, e.g.
lmchk --inputThis switch tells the parser not to try and read anything, but print out information about what it would would try to read. Several bits of information are given, including a brief description of each token, in the following format (only a few tokens are reproduced here):
Token Input cast (size,min) ------------------------------------------ IO_SHOW opt i4 1, 1 default = 0 Echo data as it is read from input file IO_VERBOS opt i4v 5, 1 default = 30 Verbosity stack for printout May also be set from the command-line: --pr#1[,#2] ... STRUC_PLAT reqd r8v 9, 9 Primitive lattice vectors, in units of alat ... STRUC_NSPEC opt i4 1, 1 Number of species to read from SPEC category. If not present, NSPEC will be obtained by counting entries in the SPEC category ... OPTICS_WINDOW reqd r8v 2, 1 default = 0 1 Energy window over which to calc. Im epsilon ... SITE_ATOM_POS reqd r8v 3, 1 Atom coordinates, in units of alat * If token is not parsed, attempt to read the following:Consider IO_SHOW. The table tells you that this token is optional, and that at one integer will be read. A default value (0) will be used if no token is found. There is a brief description explaining its function (namely print out the input after it has passed through the preprocessor).
By contrast, when parsing data for STRUC_PLAT, (primitive lattice vectors in the unit cell) a vector of 9 floating point numbers are required. Since there is no default, the program will stop with an error message if it fails to read nine numbers.
IO_VERBOS is also designed to read multiple numbers (maximum of 5), but in this case if it reads, say 3, default values will be supplied for the remainder.
Help with command line arguments: the --help switch
Use the --help switch to see what command-line arguments a program accepts. For example,
lmchk --helpprints out switches lmchk will look for. Switches generic to most programs, described above, are listed first. lmchk also prints out a brief summary of switches specific to it:
--shell[:v][:e][:r=#][:sites:site-list][:pairs:pair-list]... ...[:tab[=#]][:disp=fnam][:nn][:fn=fnam] --mino[:dxmx=#][:xtol=#][:maxit=#][:style=#]:list --getwsr find augmentation sphere radii --findes locate possible sites for empty spheres --wpos=fnam write site positions to file --angles[~r=rmax][~sites=site-list] --euler[~r=rmax[,rmin]][~sign][~sites=site-list] --terseThese lines are intended only to remind you what switches are available, what form they take, and possible options within a switch. For proper documentation refer to Command-line-options.html.
Seeing what the input file system Reads
As noted, some tokens are optional or not even read by a program. This may lead to confusion. Since by default the parser doesn't print out what it reads, a few switches enable you see what occurs on input: these are
--showp ← show the input file after preproccessing, and stop --show=2 ← show the values actually taken by the parser for each token, and stop --show ← same as show=2, but program execution continues
Try a Sample Calculation
Cut and paste the input file above, saving it as file ctrl.si. Run the following commands to make a self-consistent ASA calculation of Si. lmstr generates structure constants for the ASA; lm is an ASA band code. Before doing the steps as given, try out some of the switches (--input, --help, --showp, --show=2) for both lmstr and lm.
For example, try
lm si --show=2First the input is printed after its modification by the preprocessor. {a0} is turned into .5292 so the STRUC category becomes
STRUC NBAS=4 NCLASS=2 NL=3 ALAT=5.431/.5292 PLAT= 0 .5 .5 .5 0 .5 .5 .5 0The follows all the tokens that were parsed (if data is supplied) or default values supplied (if not). Extracting a few lines from the output:
Token Input cast (size,min,read,def) result IO_SHOW opt i4 1, 1, 1, 0 0 ... IO_VERBOS opt i4v 5, 1, 2, 0 31 20 ... STRUC_PLAT reqd r8v 9, 9, 9, -- 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 0.5 0.5 0.5 0 ... STRUC_NSPEC opt i4 1, 1, *, -- ... OPTICS_MODE opt i4 1, 1, *, 1 0One and two integers were read respectively, for IO_SHOW and IO_VERBOSE. Had tokens been omitted default values would be supplied. STRUC_PLAT was read (9 numbers): in this case, if the the parser fails to read them it will stop with an error. OPTICS_MODE is not present; its default value was 0, while STRUC_NSPEC is not present and the parser assigns no value. (As already noted STRUC_NSPEC need not be supplied; it can be inferred from the number of species in the SPEC category).
Run lmchk without switches and look at the output.
lmchk siThe ASA tutorial explains lmchk's output.
To carry out the self-consistent calculation, the ASA first requires "structure constants,", generated by lmstr. Then you can do the calculation itself:
lmstr si lm siDoing the two steps above should result in a self-consistent ASA density. It should yield a bandgap of about 0.58 eV (look for line VBmax in the output), close to the exact LDA bandgap.
More help in Setting up and Running Jobs
For a tutorial that gives you step-by-step instructions in setting up and running an ASA calcualtion, look at the ASA tutorial. Even if you are not planning to use the ASA, it should be useful.
There is also a tutorial for the full potential code, lmf, and another tutorial that shows how to construct input files for FP calculations with minimum effort. Nearly every piece of input can be determined automatically.
File tokens.html documents all the categories and tokens the input system uses.
File file-preprocessor.html describes the preprocessor.
File Command-line-options.html.
describes command line switches for the various executables.


{% include meta.html %}
{% include analytics.html %}
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Tiler
Getting Started
Demo
{{ content }}


BNSStreamSendCompletion
public enum BNSStreamSendCompletion
Types for send completion.
-
The content has been buffered in the outbound window, and the callback is issued when the the data has been written to the backing channel.
Declaration
Swift
case contentProcessed((Error?) -> Void)
-
The send is idempotent so a completion callback is not desired.
Declaration
Swift
case idempotent


We discover, surprisingly, that a defined Lifshitz-based model can provide vdW potentials to within 8-20% of advanced electronic structure calculations (ACFDT-RPA) while being orders of magnitude faster. Using this fast Lifshitz model, we study the vdW binding properties of 210 three-layered heterostructures. We discover the potential for repulsive three-body vdW effects among three-layered heterostructures.
Computation of vdW-relevant nonlocal correlations within a density functional theory (DFT) framework is challenging. A simple inclusion of pairwise potentials is economical but can be qualitatively inaccurate for certain nanostructures. A seamless vdW formalism, the adiabatic-connection fluctuation-dissipation theorem within random phase approximation (ACFDT-RPA), has been empirically reported to be the most accurate but is inhibited by its demanding computational cost.
As an alternative to the ACFDT-RPA, we apply a defined Lifshitz model to the study of vdW interactions for layered materials, including five transition metal dichalcogenide (TMD) monolayers, monolayer BN and graphene. Originating in 1956, the Lifshitz model gives an analytical expression describing the Casimir/vdW interaction between two macroscopic objects mediated by the polarizability of a medium body, using an electromagnetic formulation. Usually, the vdW interaction is attractive, holding many bulk layered materials together. However, Lifshitz showed that it is possible to generate a repulsive vdW interaction depending on the relationship between the dielectrics of the three bodies. In this study, we posed the question: can we find a repulsive vdW interaction in layered materials?
To implement the Lifshitz models, we calculate DFT-based frequency-dependent dielectric functions of each layer. The Lifshitz model is intrinsically macroscopic and the extent to which it can be applied to the atomic scale is unknown. To apply the continuum-based model to the atomic scale, we discover that using a covalent atomic radius to define surface positions for TMD monolayers, surprisingly, leads to a reasonable agreement with ACFDT-RPA. We study three cases of three-layered heterostructures and find that the defined Lifshitz model provides the vdW potentials to within 8-20% of the ACFDT-RPA calculations.
Correlation-only binding energies in a layered heterostructure: monolayer MoSe2, MoS2, WS2. We discover that the energy magnitude of three-body effects (Eb(21m3) - Eb(21)) is much smaller than that of two-body effects (Eb(23), Eb(31)).
We apply the defined Lifshitz model to 210 three-layered heterostructures. We discover potential repulsive interactions in some three-layered heterostructures. Positive values of Eb(21m3) indicate repulsive interactions between layer 2 and layer 1.
Correlation-only binding energies in monolayer stacking with a dielectric medium layer (monolayer BN/graphene).
Publication:
Zhou, Y., Pellouchoud, L. A., Reed, E. J., The Potential for Fast van der Waals Computations for Layered Materials Using a Lifshitz Model. 2D Materials, doi:10.1088/2053-1583/aa528e (2017).


FLATTEN(anyArray, depth) → flatArray
Turn an array of arrays into a flat array. All array elements in array will be expanded in the result array. Non-array elements are added as they are. The function will recurse into sub-arrays up to the specified depth. Duplicates will not be removed.
Examples
RETURN FLATTEN( [ 1, 2, [ 3, 4 ], 5, [ 6, 7 ], [ 8, [ 9, 10 ] ] ] )
To fully flatten the example array, use a depth of 2:
RETURN FLATTEN( [ 1, 2, [ 3, 4 ], 5, [ 6, 7 ], [ 8, [ 9, 10 ] ] ], 2 )


Hi, I'm a
I'm a passionate tech lover and innovation enthusiast. I am keen to learn and I am sharp at identifying and solving problems. I am also a conscientious person who works hard and pays attention to detail. As an ingineer and consultant, I enjoy working on technological projects. My coursework and previous experiences has given me a rich mixture of both theory and practice.
An unconventionnal way to get to know me...
3rd at the Kayaking Team Junior World Championship (Australia)
My 1st internship
Exchange year in Mexico
become...
An Eco Warrior
A Tech Master
An Impact Maker
Engineering degree INSA Toulouse, FRANCE
Five-year integrated master program in computer science at « Institut National des Sciences Appliquées de Toulouse » majoring in Distributed Systems and Big Data
Graduated in 2020
2018 - Exchange year UPAEP Puebla, MEXICO
One year exchange program with a focus on software engineering, web development, wireless networks and intelligent systems
Academic prize: Cruz Forjada — Greatest school recognition
2014 - French Scientific « Baccalauréat »
Specialized in mathematics — grade : A
My profil interests you? Great! Give me a call or send me an email and I will get back to you as soon as possible.


Mozzarella
Because it's stringy, like the cheese.
What is it ?
A library for dealing with strings in .Net. Contains extension methods, and useful string related functions.
Supported Platforms
Currently;
- .Net Framework 4.0
- Silverlight 5.0
- NetStandard 1.1
- .Net Framework 4.5+
- Windows Phone 8.0+ (NOT WP SL though)
- Xamarin.iOS
- Xamarin.Android
- WinRT
- UWP 10+
Build Status
Nuget Support
Install the Nuget package like this;
PM> Install-Package Mozzarella


Coming Soon
to a screen near you
A Video On Demand Services
with a passion!
Create videos & let us make it alive
Join us!
Time until our launch date
Join us if you believe that most of video consumed in years to come will be on demand.
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If you haven't used Phaser before, you should check out the vast amount of tutorials and starting guides that are available. The previous version of Phaser is maintained by the community, and thus titled Phaser Community Edition.
Phaser is a game engine for writing games in JavaScript, and all you have to do to set it up is include the phaser.js file in your game's folder. Then, you can create an index.html file with the line <script src="phaser.js"></script>
included. You can then create a game.js file as well, where you will write the code to your game, and include that in the index.html. This is basically all that is needed to get Phaser up and running, continue with the next part to find out how to actually create your game.
If you're familiar with Phaser 2, you know how states are used in it to control the flow of the game. Phaser 3 has scenes instead of states and these are even more versatile, and can be created several different ways (from a function, an object, a class, an instance, see the examples/scenes directory). Here, I will use what I believe is the simplest one: creating from an object, where you only have to specify the functions it uses for preload and create.
var config = {
type: Phaser.WEBGL,
width: 800,
height: 600,
scene: {
preload: preload,
create: create
}
};
var game = new Phaser.Game(config);
function preload () {
//preload
}
function create () {
//create
}
As you can see from the code above, the actual game instance is created with new Phaser.Game()
, and you have to provide a config object with the settings. Of course you don't have to declare this before, it can be part of the Phaser.Game() statement.
In Phaser 3, things like the GameObjectFactory and Loader belong to the scene instead of the game instance. In preload for example, you load an image with this.load.image()
.
You can load files just like in Phaser 2, using this.load.image(key, filename)
. The key is later used for identification, and the filename will have to include the path of the file if it's not in the same directory as index.html. You can use another method, where you specify where your image files are kept and then only give a list of keys, Phaser will find image files in that folder that have the same name as the keys and will import them.
this.load.path = 'assets/pics/';
this.load.image([
{ key: 'sukasuka-chtholly' },
{ key: 'taikodrummaster', extension: 'jpg' }
]);
This way, you don't include the extention of the file, and you have to specify in case it isn't the default .png; if you've got all of your images in the same folder, you may find this very useful.
Spritesheets and Texture atlases also have parameters you have to specify in order to load them, check out the examples directory know more.
function load() {
this.load.spritesheet('explosion', 'assets/sprites/explosion.png', { frameWidth: 64, frameHeight: 64, endFrame: 23 });
this.load.atlas('megaset', 'assets/atlas/megaset-0.png', 'assets/atlas/megaset-0.json');
}
Creating sprites is just like in Phaser 2, only the GameObjectFactory is accessed in a different way, but bunny = this.add.sprite(400, 300, 'bunny');
works like you would expect, creating a sprite at coordinates 400, 300 from an image loaded with the key 'bunny'.  You can also use this.make.sprite(config)
with a custom config object, where you can specify things like x and y, flipping the image, or choosing one image at random from an array.
var config2 = {
key: [ 'bunny', 'atari', 'logo' ],
x: 400,
y: 300,
flipX: true
};
You can also easily create texts, and set their properties with a config object.
this.add.text(100, 200, 'Phaser', { fontFamily: 'Arial', fontSize: 64, color: '#00ff00' });
Thanks for reading this tutorial ! I really hope it helps you get started with the new features in Phaser 3. There's currently no more pages on this site that you could read next, but check back later, maybe I'll have made more tutorials. If you would like to contribute, look at the bottom of the main page.


Enhanced GitHub
Works only on github.com/*
- Automatically displays each file size in every active branch (not applicable for folder / symlink).
- Show download link for each individual file (not applicable for folder / symlink).
- Copy file's contents directly to Clipboard (just won't work for markdown files).
- Download file content.
More features coming soon...Stay tuned!


#include <stage.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| void | append (InitStageException &other) |
| append all the errors from other (which is emptied) More... | |
| InitStageException () | |
| InitStageException (const Stage &stage, const std::string &msg) | |
| operator bool () const | |
| check of existing errors More... | |
| void | push_back (const Stage &stage, const std::string &msg) |
| push_back a single new error in stage More... | |
| const char * | what () const noexceptoverride |
Private Attributes | |
| std::list< std::pair< const Stage *, const std::string > > | errors_ |
Friends | |
| std::ostream & | operator<< (std::ostream &os, const InitStageException &e) |
exception thrown by Stage::init() It collects individual errors in stages throughout the pipeline to allow overall error reporting
|
inlineexplicit |
|
inlineexplicit |
| void moveit::task_constructor::InitStageException::append | ( | InitStageException & | other | ) |
|
inline |
|
overridenoexcept |
|
friend |
|
private |


Preparation time
less than 30 mins
Cooking time
10 to 30 mins
Serves
Serves 4
Curry in a hurry? Save time by using ready-made paste in this truly tasty Thai green curry.
Heat the oil in a wok over a high heat until smoking. Add the green curry paste and stir fry for 1-2 minutes, or until fragrant.
Add the chicken strips and stir until coated in the curry paste. Continue to stir-fry for 1-2 minutes, or until the chicken has browned on all sides.
Add the coconut milk, lime leaves, fish sauce and sugar and stir well. Bring the mixture to the boil, then reduce the heat until the mixture is simmering. Continue to simmer for 8-10 minutes, or until the sauce has thickened.
Add the green beans and asparagus and continue to simmer for 2-3 minutes, stirring regularly, until just tender. Season with salt and pepper.
To serve, spoon the rice into four serving bowls, then ladle over the Thai green chicken curry. Sprinkle over the coriander leaves.


Data Stream mining
Data Stream Mining is the process of extracting knowledge structures from continuous, rapid data records.
In many data stream mining applications, the goal is to predict the class or value of new instances in the data stream given some knowledge about the class membership or values of previous instances in the data stream.In many applications, especially operating within non-stationary environments, the distribution underlying the instances or the rules underlying their labeling may change over time, i.e. the goal of the prediction, the class to be predicted or the target value to be predicted, may change over time. This problem is referred to as concept drift.
In predictive analytics and machine learning, the concept drift means that the statistical properties of the target variable, which the model is trying to predict, change over time in unforeseen ways. This causes problems because the predictions become less accurate as time passes.
To prevent deterioration in prediction accuracy because of concept drift, both active and passive solutions can be adopted. Active solutions rely on triggering mechanisms, e.g., change-detection tests to explicitly detect concept drift as a change in the statistics of the data-generating process.
Possible remedies
To prevent deterioration in prediction accuracy because of concept drift, both active and passive solutions can be adopted. Active solutions rely on triggering mechanisms, e.g., change-detection tests to explicitly detect concept drift as a change in the statistics of the data-generating process.
In conclusion , Concept drift cannot be avoided for complex phenomenon that are not governed by fixed laws of nature. All processes that arise from human activity, such as socioeconomic processes, and biological processes are likely to experience concept drift. Therefore periodic retraining, also known as refreshing, of any model is necessary.