Chap 0: After the fall
In the azure, clear sky, there fell an angel. Surrounding him was red hellish ash escaping the fury heat of the fire that was consuming his immortal flesh. His face flame d red while the fire on his wings was brightened with mahogany. His heart was even more blazed, a black inferno of hatred. A false decision led his father, the Almighty God of heaven, imbued all the sins of human into his core and let him fall as the grotesque of humankind heatedly engulfed him.
After a long fall, he reached the ground with force. The impact shattered all his bones and left the ground with a big hollow. All vegetations and animals around him were quickly eradicated by the radiation. He mustered his last strength to look around with blood red tears running down his cheek and then collapsed into unconsciousness, with belligerence and agony took over his hope. The spark once suffocated his lung as well as his souls soon subdued, leaving his withered flesh wrapped inside the over-burnt skin rested and reflected upon his action.
As the man opened his eyes again, his head and torso started to feel more comfortable as if he was laid on something soft but dusty. He tried to move his limbs but couldn't since his bones haven't properly healed, and the many layers of fabric girded around his arms and legs have put too much weight on him. In fact, all his body was covered with rigid white roller bandage. [new]He tilted his head up to look around. It was a simple house with old wooden walls and handcraft furniture to keep the place less cold and lonely. There were a few cracks and holes here and there, but this helped to bring in the mild sweet fragrant of the flowers and hay outside the house. He put his head down again, trying to process all the information he just obtained from all of his reviving senses. As he was pondering, he heard footsteps coming toward him. Gathered more strength toward his neck, he turned his head toward the direction of the coming sounds. Appeared before him was a young girl at her late teenage year.  After she put the bucket on the table, she seemed to notice he was staring at her and came to his bed. Before she reached the bed, she touched a few other furniture to guide her way toward him.
As she sat in a chair next to him, she started talking with a loud and excited tone:
-"You are finally awake. Isabel thought you would not recover after such injuries, but I knew you would."
He noticed her blue oval iris sparkled as she spoke. The girl proceeded to lift his left arm up from the elbow and then his left leg from the knee. She squinted her eyes for a closer look at his face and exclaimed in surprised:
-"Half of your bones were back to normal.
As the girl was examining, another feminine voice from outside called in:
-"Hey Eri, have you finished milking the cow?"
The girl stood up and screamed back, her voice was fill with hastiness yet jolly:
-"Just a sec, Isabel. I'm coming!"
The girl finished her check up quickly and said to the man:
-"I must continue my work now. At this rate, you will be running in no time. Don't worry!"
As she walked to the door, another girl with honey blonde hair appeared at the front door. Both girls seemed to be around the same age.
-"What took you so long, Eri?"
-"Remember the person I brought back the other night? He's recovering! Fast as well!!"
-"...Impossible! That man was only a pulp that night!"
-"I know, right? Isn't that a miracle!!?"
-"Indee...Hey, are you trying to avert to another subject!?"
-"Aw, right, I forget! Milking cows, right? I'm onto it!"
Eri quickly disappear from the door with another empty bucket. Her whistle was loud enough that one can still hear it even inside the house after she was long gone. The other girl, Isabel, seemed to be still at the door. She walked toward the bed and looked at the man in disbelief for a while.
- "Eri was right! You are already healed! Well, mostly!"
She sat next to him and look at him some more. She also had dazzling cerulean eyes like those of Eri, but in those beautiful irises, the man sensed vast distressed hidden deep inside.
- "Eri has always been a good but unfortunate girl, and to think that she finds such join by nursing someone..."
Isabel mumbled silently as she stood up while still looked at him.
- "Thank you..."
The girl's voice became quieter as she left the house. Moving his head and making his senses work again started to make the man feel tired. He lay down again and closed his eyes, hoping to get a good sleep. The traumatic experience he just endured not long ago started emerged again, and it took a while for him to finally settle into a nightmarish sleep.
He opened his eyes again when the cocks haven't crowed. The breezy fog of the night covered the house, making the road outside even darker and more blurred. His upper half seemed to be more responsive as he could sit with his back straight without feeling too much pressure in his spine. He looked around the house again. Same furniture, same wooden wall but the darkness around them added one more level of dangerous to the overall scenery. The only reassuring source around is a dim yellow light emitted weakly from a half-melted candle on the table. A small wind could easily end the appearance of the fire, leaving everything left in hand of the cruel night. The man reached his hand out toward the candle direction, channeled his inner energy and released it as an invisible force. The candle burst out a bigger flame in a second and then reduced into a more stable and indomitable light. He looked at his hand with a reassuring glance and then kept looking around until his eyes reached Eri, who was sleeping beside him on the same bed.
In contrast of her morning energetic natural, Eri looked more peaceful and a slightly uneasy when she slept. She must have worried about something, but her personalities prevent those negative feeling from leaking and even made her unaware that there was doubt in her heart. The man gently put his hand on her cheek, which was embellished with a slight pink color from the cold night. He did not know her before, but he knew the girl would relieve her burden as soon as she woke up in the morning. The man did not believe in fate anymore, but he believed there was no coincident that he encountered this girl in the beginning of his new journey.
He reached out to her and caress around the contour of her cheek. He stopped at her soft, thin hair and slowly twirl a strand around his rough fingers. Although not easily visible, Eri expressed a sense of slight disturbance as she knitted her thin raisin-color eyebrows while faintly pouting her full lips. The man was amused, as he twirled another Eri's hair strand while kept observing Eri's change of facial expression. He soon stopped before he might go overboard and looked at Eri's face returning to a serene state. He continued his observation of her as his tiredness slowly faded away with the onyx shade of the night.
When Eri woke up in the morning, the man was not in the bed anymore. She jumped off her bed; the quick motion in the morning without any proper stretch made her almost fall headfirst. She started flipping every object around her house to search for him. She then ran outside hurriedly but there was still no sight of him. Her mind started working faster and she ran frantically to the place she found him. As she passed through the road to get to the site, she saw him sitting there looking at a tall tree.  He noticed her appearance and slowly stood up. She was going to mutter something but running around has taken all her strength, leaving her gasping heavily and couldn't think straight. Her hand was tightly grapping on the nearest tree trunk and her left knee in search for support since her legs has given out. He seemed to understand what she was trying to accomplish and walked toward her. He picked up her right frail arm and wrapped it around his shoulder. They walked back to Eri's house and he put Eri on a chair. Eri was so puzzled by the recovery and the quirkiness of her quiet patient that she did not realize that the empty hole that she found him was now a blooming forest again.
Back at Eri's house, the man fixed her a quick but nutritious breakfast since she was too tired to do anything. After a good meal, Eri's spirit was back to normal and before she started to say anything, Isabel's footsteps and voice could already be heard:
- "Hey Eri, what took you so long? it's time to wor..."
She stopped in shocked at the front door as she saw the man was sitting at the table with Eri.
- "Ho...how did...?"
Seeing the presence of Isabel, Eri's eyes shone again as she told Isabel what happened earlier.
- "I cannot believe this!"-Isabel exclaimed and looked at the man-"Ho... how is this happened?"
The man shook his head.
- "Who are you? Do you remember who you are? Can you talk?"
The man paused and continued to shake his head.
-"Guess you voice still hasn't recove...."
- "What's your name?"
Didn't let Isabel finish her monologue, Eri's naively stroke in another question. Her unusual eyes were as animated as ever.
- "Eri, I don't think he can talk ye...."
Just as Isabel tried to finish her sentence, the man's dried lips moved.
- "I think he's telling us something..."
Eri said.
The man started forming sounds. His first attempted was a long and dull "u" which inevitably brought the two girls closer to hear him properly. He tried again, this time, the words were still cacophonous and low pitch, but they know exactly what he was saying:
- "...Lu...
...ci...
...fer..."
After hearing the name, Isabel looked at the man with even more terrified eyes. She shakenly mumbled in deference:
- "Lucifer...I should have known better..."
Knowing her friend wouldn't understand the gravity of the situation, Isabel quickly grabbed Eri's hand and explained to her:
- "Do you remember the stories in the bible I often read to you from when we were kids till now?"
-"Well, yeah.."-Eri said as her eyes rolled away to not look directly at her friend.
-"Do you remember Lucifer??"
-"Is he in the bible?"-Eri asked, attempting to sound as if she still remembered something at all.
-"Yes! He's one of the archangel..."
-"Aren't the angels supposed to have wings and halo and live in the sky?"
-"Yes, but you have seen his capability to do amazing feast, I'm pretty sure that..."
-"You are just overthinking! I heard the monk in the north can even survive without food for a month! I would already death within three days of not having anything to eat."
-"But he could still be..."
-"Now now, Isabel, I know it would be hard to persuade you by myself, so let ask him directly."
Eri then turned to the man and asked:
-:Hey Lucifer, are you able to perform any kind of magic?"
The man shook his head.
- "Do you have wings and live in the sky?"
The man looked to his shoulder, which doesn't show any sign of extra body parts and look back.
- "Are you an angel?"
The man shook his head again.
-"See?"
-"But..."
As Isabel denied in vain, another man of middle age walked in. He put his hand over Isabel's bright silky hair and said rambunctious with a low-pitch voice:
- "Now ladies, are you gonna do your work or let this old man do it by himself?"
Eri turned back exuberantly and jumped to hug the old man:
- "Uncle Huddle! You are back!"
The old man received Eri's hug with joy and loud laughter. Isabel did not seem to be approved of the man appearance. She asked, worriedly.
-"You are still sick, dad! Why are you out here?"
-"I feel great today! Don't worry! I think it's time I join the harvest with you girls."
The man replied.
-"Don't be fooling yourself, the doctor said your illness would took several more months before you are better. Now listen to me and go back to bed."
-"Nonsense! I don't trust those ruly healers. How can I let two beautiful ladies here do all the man's work?"
-"Aww! thanks, Uncle Huddle!"
Eri quickly jumped in with her satirical gratitude. They laugh loudly but Isabel did not shared their humor.
-"I'm serious, dad. No more work until you rest properly."
-"Don't worry, I... uh....*cough* *cough*
As soon as Isabel's father was about to deny his condition, he started coughing profoundly. Isabel and Eri quickly grabbed his arms before he could collapse into the ground.
-"I think Isabel is right! You should rest, Uncle Huddle!"
Eri looked at him with the same face as Isabel's a few minutes ago. The man was not fully convinced and stubbornly brought out excuses.
-"...I don't think you girls can finish the work anytime soon, especially with Eri's condition.... Anyway, I am the head of this farm! I should take more responsible for my work instead of you..."
-"...But you will have a stroke again, dad."
As Isabel tried to reason with her father, Eri looked around to find something to support her friend's decision. Her eyes stopped at where Lucifer was still sitting silently.
-"I know what if we have someone else to help?"
Isabel and her father stopped and looked at Eri with unfathomable dilemmatic eyes. Knowing she had made a bad move, Eri still decided to roll with it and pull Lucifer from his chair to near where the three were standing.
-"What if we ask Lucifer to help?"
Lucifer was extremely shocked. He had been the right hand of god for as long as the universe was created. Never have him been asked to do even the easiest chores in Heaven by anyone higher than him, now a mere mortal was about to ask him to perform such horrendous work. Although he had acknowledged about Eri's careless nature, he hasn't prepared to be treated by an underling as its equal.
As Lucifer shook his head furiously in despair, Isabel also raised her concern.
-"Eri! We don't know anything about Lucifer yet! We can't ask him to do our work."
Lucifer nodded his head in total agree. It has been so long since anyone said something remotely correct around him. Eri, with her extreme unawareness of the situation, still pressed onto Lucifer.
-"...But Isabel, he was strong enough to carry me till we get home. And I think Lucifer would love to help, am I right, Lucifer?"
Lucifer was blasted from one astonishment to another. He continuously moved his head and hands from one side to another to express strong denial. His sweat started pouring out like rainfall, soaking the bandage to the point it almost felt off. He came to develop a feeling he has never encountered before in his entire existence from this girl, fear.
Looking at Lucifer, Isabel's father also questioned his validity for the job.
 I would not let an injured person do the hard work in my property. That's just not my style!"
Again, Lucifer nodded his head in full agreement. He thought that Eri would soon give up after such an on-point reason, but the situation didn't go according to his rational thinking.
A few hours later, Lucifer caught himself bending his back tending the potatoes. The brown color of the potatoes, faded by fog and droplets of water, blended together with the yellowish ivory white sunlight keep Lucifer wondering why he even complied to do such unfit work for a being born with such high and might. He could have just easily use his magic to make Eri gave up her bizarre idea or make the potatoes harvest themselves, but he decided to deal with his task physically. Lucifer thought he used to know himself extremely well, but now he couldn't be so certain anymore.
Isabel after getting her father to finally give up his stubborn working ethics and go back to bed, joined Eri and Lucifer on the field. Though she felt rather uncomfortable and guilty for letting Eri made Lucifer joining their daily work, she had to accept since it was the only way to change her father's mind. Her guilt soon turned into disbelief when she saw Lucifer perform the farm feast faster than any skilled farmer she knew could. After just five hours of non-stop working, they have finished the workload for five days. While Eri was jumping with join for having a free weekend, Isabel was worried what such secrecy was Lucifer still hiding. The Lucifer depicted in the bible on top of the bookshelf in Isabel's house is a vicious angel who would stop at nothing to complete his goal. He betrayed Heaven and was now serving his sentence as the leader of the lost soul in the underworld. She wondered if this man really was the king of hell, what he would want from them. Her thought was soon replaced with her wariness for her father and she rushed back home, leaving the Eri and Lucifer back at the field.
Just as when Lucifer and Eri was heading back, Lucifer started to notice Eri starting to behave strangely. She was clumsily fumble around and walked in an unsteadily fashion. This reminded Lucifer of the first time he met Eri, as she was also touching other furniture before she reached the bed. He advanced toward Eri and hold her hand and waited for her reaction. Eri looked toward Lucifer hand and then to the general direction that Lucifer's body was at.  She noded at him with a smile, but Lucifer can sense a weight in her heart.
Lucifer led Eri home and guide her down at the chair. As he looked at her again, he noticed that Eri's eye color has returned to its original form. She looked around as if she was checking if her vision was still working and let out a reassuring sigh. Her eyes meet a puzzling Lucifer. Although he didn't say anything, Eri understood what Lucifer was worried about and relief his restlessness with a shaking gesture of denial. She put a big careless grind on her face to further show that she was alright. Lucifer ended his concern momentarily despite that he still preferred his questions answered. As Isabel walked, she immediately understood the problem. When Isabel was about to utter out something, Eri gave her a furtive glance. Recognized that her friend didn't want her secret to be out, Isabel refrained her sentences. Lucifer's curiosity also slowly died down as the sky grew darker.
A week later, the sign of winter was already too conspicuous as the snow was falling heavily on the field. The biting zephyr twisted and crept through the small cracks in the thin wooden wall, darken the room with a faint shade of blue. Eri and Lucifer was enjoying her week off around the candles due to that they have finished the work for a month ahead at this point. They were sitting at the table chatting while drinking warm ginger juice together. By chatting, it is just Eri spewing nonstop about her favorite food. This have become a routine for them since Eri didn't have much else to do since it was too cold outside. Although Lucifer's glimpse was as sharp as always, his ear was still following every word Eri said. Deep inside, there is a strange force that keep him wanting to know more about this eccentric girl. Lucifer wondered if there are any more interesting characters in this world that could make him as curious as her. As Eri passionately continuing, she didn't realize that the candles between them was also fueled more stably and strongly as time went by.
Suddenly, Isabel opened the door forcefully. She stopped for a second to catch her breath as she gasped intensely. The frost and snow from outside quickly flow into the house. The squall was so strong and gelid that the strong fire of the candles had no choice but gave in. Haven't even finish their astonishment from Isabel's unexpected visit, they were already bombarded by the bitter air. Eri while still shivering, asked:
- "What's wrong Isabel? You can come in and we can tal..."
Isabel quickly refused her offer and shout hastily; her words are stammered with outburst emotion:
- My father!!! My father.... h....he coughed!!! Blood!! Blood is... everywhere!!
Her eyes and cheek were filled with rolling tears. The steam of agony and exhaustion wrapped around her body, created an invisible forced that protected her fragile feeling and hope against the dreadful weather. Eri immediately stood up with shook from the news she just received. She then returned to her sense and together with Lucifer and Isabel quickly ran back to Isabel's house.
The wind got stronger each minute, carrying a bundle of snow and sorrow with it to every corner of the towns. At Isabel's house, Isabel, Eri and Lucifer were sitting silently around the old squeaky bed that Uncle Huddle was resting in. The dim fire from the hearth slowly letting out heat, little by little, to compensate the heavy feeling that covered the room.
Huddle's face was pale white. His usual cheerful appearance was replaced with anguish and endurance. He panted quickly to get more air in and prepared to endure another wave of pain sneaking through all corner of his muscles. He was tired, or had been tired, with fighting with this demonic pain for years. His left hand suddenly grabbed his chest as his back convulsed upward. Isabel lowered her head while Eri looked to Lucifer who was sitting beside her, as they couldn't bear watching their energetic man suffer. Unable to do anything else, Isabel quickly reached out and held Huddle's other hand tightly to her forehead, wishing from the bottom of her heart that she could share this pain with him. The coldness of his hand perturbed her line of thoughts, making her horrific imagination ran wild. Trying to not overthink about the future, she bit her lower lips as hard as she could and contained her hiccups, waiting for the unknown to come with the slim fire.
Another round of coughing was heard loud and clear in the middle of the soundless night. Huddle's hand which was holding is mouth was then painted red. Eri shivered from the sight and turn her head again toward Lucifer direction as reflex. Huddle felt a little more at ease, but he knew this moment of lightness could be his last. Muster his remaining strength, he turned around and looked at the girls who were silently weeping dry. His eyes then met Lucifer's. He had not known Lucifer for long and also had not made much interaction with him, yet, he sensed a something within Lucifer. He knew from the first day he met Lucifer about a strong abhorrence in his heart and a strong determination in his eyes. He could saw the internal struggle against the impossible behind the flesh and bandage and that courage somehow transferred to him.
Without wanting to delay any further, he slid his hand which was held by Isabel over to her head and gently stroke her hair. As Isabel sacredly looked up, she saw her father flashed a big pained smile; sweat was still running down his cheek. He opened his mouth. His speech was as clear and bold as ever:
- "Isabel,... don't forget to water the potatoes...after sweeping the snow tomorrow."
- "Don't say anymore, father! Focus... focus your strength on ..."-Isabel said trying to keep her calm, but her tears were about to roll out any second.
- "Just hear me...The potatoes haven't been watered long enough...You needed to water it..."
- "Or else, how are you gonna pay for my funeral, my dear?"-Continued Huddle, with a prankful grind.
- "This is no time to joke around father!! You can still l..."
- "I know myself, dear! Take care of the farm when I'm gone, ok?"
- "FATHER!!"-cried Isabel, as she broke down at the bed side.
This was the first time Eri saw the desperation in Huddle's word. From the day she lived with him, he was her main reason that keep her alive. She looked up to him not only for his over the top cheerfulness and kindness but also his will to continue his battle to this very day. A she saw him in such state, Eri realized that what he gave her was even greater than what she had ever imagined.
- "Don't worry, uncle Huddle!! I will go get the doctor. The potatoes can be harvest soon so I will just ask him to waver the payment for later."- said Eri with confidence. She then stood up and ran toward the door.
- "No...!! Stop, Eri!! You can't go out at this weather!! Your eyes... your eyes..."
As Isabel tried to stop her friend, Huddle sat up and jumped in the conversation:
- "She's right Eri!! Don't go! And it's not like any doctor will want to come at this wheathe..."
Couldn't finished his sentences, Huddle let out another round of cough. The blanket and his hands were stained with small blood puddles. As Isabel lowered her father's head back to the pillow, Eri felt more determined to continue with what she said. Her legs continue to move forwards without any control from her brain. Before passing the door, Isabel called up to her:
- "If that's the case, let me go! I will get the doctor!"
- "No! You need to spend more time with your father for now. I will go!"
She said as she sprinted out of the house and left the door opened. Another swarm of cold air poured in as Huddle continued gasping in pain. Lucifer quickly stood up and closed the door. His thought was now as dispersed as everyone, but it was due to the interest caused by Eri's radical behaviors.
In contrast to the more calmly head of Lucifer, Isabel's mind was now in a deep abyss. She couldn't control her feeling anymore and resolved into a blank expression as tear kept running down her cheek. She continued to look at the direction that Eri shadow was disappearing in the thick snow and left kept her lips unclosed. Another soft coughed of Huddle brought Isabel back to her sense. She intended to turn back to the direction of the cough, but at mid-way, her eyes met Lucifer's. Lucifer eye brows started to raise up, as his iris changed from black to bright red. His eyes started to glow softly, but this miracle was not caught by Isabel. She returned with what she was doing and grabbed her father's hand. She put her head on her father's forehead to check his temperature, but the result didn't bring her any satisfaction. In the trance of bad event, she started speaking in soliloquy.
- "You mustn't go out Eri! You will go blind if you exceed your stamina without a rest! Please return...Please return..."
As she monologued, she sensed faint, white smoke streaming through her feet. As she traced to a direction where the smoked was, she saw nothing of unusual and the smoke soon subdued. Overwhelmed by her feeling, she didn't notice there were only two people in the room left when she returned to her father's side.
The tormented darkness of the sky coated a damped and haunted feeling to the profuse layers of snow. The moon was shedding its light in a futile attempt to protect the wandering soul from the night's danger, but the light reflection of the snow only made the scenery more skewedly spectral. Eri was running regardless of the atmosphere around her. Her will fire was strong enough to make her more daring; as she stepped through the mellow snow with forces.
After Eri ran for a while, orange lights started to appear in the distance, emitting a safe feeling for travelers at the most needed time. Eri heart raced, as she was not too far from her destination anymore. Never was a woman of faith, Eri found herself praying as she ran. She prayed that a miracle would come, that another of her father-figure would be cured, and that she would have enough strength to find a doctor in time. She prayed that fate would be mercy on Uncle Huddle, but, had fate ever been mercy to anyone?
The town where the street lamps illuminated the night was also covered in heavy snow. The street were empty, for everyone had been informed of the upcoming snow storm. Through the gap between the planks of the windows, the smell of cuisines and butter spread over the town and smeared over each flake of the falling snow, making one would not hesitate to take a spoon and dig into the fat white pile in front of their door. Eri kept running until she reached a big brick house with multiple windows. She banged on the door and yell loudly. A middle age man holding a candle plate opened the door unpleasantly. Eri quickly screamed out her thoughts before the man could say anything:
- "Doctor Anthy, please help!! My uncle is coughing blood! He is in great pain! We must hurry and get..."
Before Eri could finished her sentence, the man who was called Anthy quickly raised his hand to her face to express his disapproval and denied her request:
- "I'm sorry Eri! The snow storm is worsened! I don't think it's safe for me or you to travel to during this time!! Why don't you come i..."
- "No! Doctor Anthy, you must go with me! Uncle Huddle doesn't have much time left!!"-Interrupted Eri, her tone soon become like that of a kid who didn't get what he wants.
- "I'm sorry Eri. I really don't want to risk going out tonight. If the snow stopped, I would quickly come by tomorrow..."
- "Tomorrow?! We don't have that much time!! Please, I begged you, doctor! Please go with me tonight!"
- "As I said Eri, I can't go tonight! I am really sorry! You should go any further either!
- Please, doctor, I begged you!
- "I'm really sorry, Eri!"
He closed the door as he finished his words. Eri stepped back, a sense of anger, sorrow and impotent swamped her as she tried to pound the door in vain. After the futile attempt, she quickly calmed her mind with a deep breath and ran to the next doctor's house. The doctor's wife peeked at Eri as she ran away in pity while Anthy sigh softly and looked at the cold chicken drum on his plate.
Eri continued to knock on more doctors' house, but she received a similarly cold treatment or worse from each of them. At the fifth doctor, not only he chased Eri away but throwing his furniture at her. One of the pan threw hit Eri lightly in the head, but this was enough to bring her hands to the floor. The door was slammed acrimoniously behind her, as she tried to get up.  From the moment she met doctor Anthy, her vision had become blurrier than ever and even without the pan hitting her, it is just a matter of minutes before she can only see darkness. A miscalculation between objects distance due to her hastiness brought her to the cold snowy pedway again. Her legs muscles started to contract violently due to constant running. She held her legs while panting in quick pace. The steam coming out of her lungs blended in with the creamy snow, making it bitter than ever. She continued crawled forward with her other frigid hand and let her legs slid along.
- "Must... keep...going..."
As her hand reached its limit, she collapsed into the white ground. Snow started to cover her entire body while she wiggled every responding muscle to get up. Before becoming finally sightless, she noticed a faint range of bring yellow as if it was the sun. She then felt her body moved upward as one of her hand was squeezed tightly.
Lucifer looked at Eri's pallid face for seconds. Their eyes met as Eri turned her head toward the light source. As if she understood Lucifer's question despite Lucifer haven't utter a word, Eri muttered. Her eyes were blank white, but they were brighter than anything Lucifer has ever seen:
- "Don't...want to...live...when...haven't...tried...every...thi..."
Her consciousness has already subdued to the numbness as she spoke. Lucifer continued to look at Eri for a while then walked toward the next doctor's house with Eri on his back. Below his concealed face was a smile of satisfaction. The dark flame of hatred in his heart was now faded into gold. He let out a long stream of fog as he enjoyed the intriguing wintry night. As he walked and humming a tune, he remembered the past few days spending with Eri and what was so called "the truth about human" impregnated in his heart by his father. By defending for mankind, he was chased of heaven in the most humiliating way possible, but he couldn't be happier now that such punishment was given to him. He reached the next doctor's house while his thought was still all over the place. He felt lucky to have cross path with Eri, but now he had to pave his own destiny. Made up his mind, he knocked on the door. The sounds of his flimsy hand clashing with cold hard wood spread deeply to the surrounding, announcing the new era of doom is about to start.
- "Thank you...Eri...but before that...one last test...."
Eri woke up as she lay on a soft spongy sheet. Although her eyes were fully open, she could only see darkness. She understood her current state and started moving her hand around to look for any object that could help her get up. She heard Isabel's joyful voice approaching her:
- "Oh! You are awake! I was so worried! Don't do something so reckless again!"
Isabel then lifted Eri back up and held her friend's hand. She handed her a cup of warm cocoa.
- "Here, drink this! This will warm you up."
Eri took a sip. Her mind started to go frantic against as the abundant energy from the cocoa was quickly absorbed. She traced around Isabel's hand and grabbed Isabel by her shoulder, asking how she returned to Isabel's house and what happened to Uncle Huddle. Isabel was surprised, as Huddle was right behind her since she entered the room.  Isabel waved her hands around her friend's eyes. Eri's irresponsiveness have proved Isabel's bad assumption.
- "I'm sorry....Eri! I'm sorry!!"
Feeling the warmness of Isabel pressing against her head, Eri felt somewhat calmer. Tears started to roll down Eri's face as well before she noticed, despite she didn't feel like here was any reason for her to cry. Isabel sobbed for a while and started recalling to Eri about what happened after Eri ran away that night.
- "A few hours passed after you were gone, my heart was pressed down by the thought of losing both you and my father! Yet, as I was about to fall asleep from exhaustion, a miracle happens."
She continued as her mood was slightly changed for the better.
- "You have found a doctor that was willing to travel on such weather!! When I saw him carrying you unconsciously on his back, I was very astonished! After he gave you to me, he quickly came to my father for a checkup and gave in an antidote that put him to sleep painlessly and..."
- "...and when I wake up after a few days, I am stronger than ever."-laughed Huddle, as he joined in the conversation.
Hearing the voice of the man again, Eri was overflowed with joy. However, fatigue only allowed her to put on a weak smile. She was glad that her trip was not a waste after all.
- "...he can even join the field work with me for two days now. Can you believe that?" Isabel giggled, as flower of joy bloomed continuously on her face.
- "After he gave my father the medicine, that doctor quickly stood up and seemed to be very hurry to go back. I told him that the storm was too strong at this point and he should stayed back but he insisted on departing. I asked him about the payment, but he said your courage had satisfied his need and left."
It took a while for Eri to intake all the information. At the same time, she didn't notice any presence of Lucifer in the room or the story back then anymore.
- "What about Lucifer? Where is Lucifer? Is he here?"-Eri asked.
- Luci...who? The devil from the bible? Why are you asking about him?"-Isabel puzzled.
- "Lucifer!! Don't you remember? He has been staying with us for a few days."
- "The devil? No! It can't be! There were only you, me and father around. As always!"
- "No! Don't you remember? I brought a wounded guy back from Hazu forest a while ago! Remember? He was all covered with bandage and speak like: 'Hmm...hmm...'". -Eri spoke as she moved her hands around her head and body to imitate the rolling of bandage.
- "Your fever has got quite bad. Rest for a few days more."-Said Isabel as she lowered Eri back back to the sheet and rolled the blanket to Eri's neck.
- "I will wake you up at dinner." -Said Isabel as she and Huddle walked away from the room.
Eri wanted to stay up and chat more but the sleepiness soon returned to her and she slept soundly until the stars can be clearly saw from her windows. Satisfaction, grief and confusion slowly sneaked into her mind as she slept and lingered there for a few more days to come.
The winter snow was soon washed away with the green grass of spring. As flowers bloomed, a colorful festival of Fogine town was also under preparation. People were flooding the street, as the joy of the warm season was contagious. Even from miles away, in a secluded small farm, Eri could hear vague cheers. She was sewing some clothes with her fingers bound by layers of bandages. Against Isabel and Huddle's objection, Eri felt the need to participate in the household's economic despite her blindness. Although it was difficult at first, Eri soon adapted to her disadvantage and returned to her usual self. She couldn't find out more about the disappearance of Lucifer as no one seemed to remember anything about him, so she packed up her memory to prepare for the new exciting day awaits her ahead.
The smell of freshly blossom primrose secretly entered Eri's room and tickled her small, pert nose. She started whistling quietly as she enjoyed the spring breeze that came in together with the glower fragrant. The gentle sun ray melted quickly through Eri's youthful skin through the window, making her nostalgically remember the days she could stare deep into the sun until her eyes were all dried up. The room was glazed with such peacefulness and serenity that a mis-beat of the heart was thought to be impossible.
Suddenly, Eri stood up. A strong unexpected desire to go toward the river bank near Hazu forest started to spark inside her as if it was talking directly to her heart. She started walking by touching the objects around the house and then quickly increase her speed. When she arrived at the front door, she started running frantically. Her eyes could still only see a deep darkness, but her feet won't stop moving to a location on her mind.
As her feet touch a body of water, she clang to her knee and gasp immensely.  Caught by surprised, she felt petrified for a few seconds and closed her eyes for some last-minute protection. From behind her, a man's voice could be heard. His tone was flat but modulated:
- "Don't worry! I have a gift for you..."
The unknown man then withdrew his hand. Eri opened her eyes again and much to her disbelief, colors of the scenery started to assemble right in front of her eyes until a crispy, clear image was formed. Her brain freed again from such amazement, and her astonishing mouth started to form a smile as she dropped down to her knee. She pinched herself in the cheek hard. A strong soreness ran around her face to prove that what she saw was not just a dream. The pain was great enough that her eyes were overflow with droplet of joy. She quickly wiped her eyes with her sleeve and look back at the source of this miracle, only to find herself petrified once again.
In front of her now was a two stories tall hideous reddish humanoid creature. Its face was extremely distorted as if it was pulled out from the devil's nightmare itself. His wings was bat-like and his tail was ox-like. As Eri looked into its bobbly yellowish eyes, she felt the infinite torment of thousands of screeching souls trapped in an infinitesimal cage. His hand was holding a red glowing metal trident, which was burnt for centuries from the heat of wars. Eri started to sweat uncontrollably, but after a while she managed to overcome her fear. The creature addressed itself:
- "Hello Eri! I am the king of Hell,..."
- "Lucifer... Am I right?"-Eri bravely interrupted the creature, despite still being drunk from the horrific experience.
The demon looked at her with a smile. Its body started morphing into smaller built body. A dark hair winged man appeared after the transformation was completed. The glowing trident in his hand started to bend itself into a rounder and thinner shaper until a halo can be see hovering above his head. Eri glared at the magical process with excitement. The man started to talk with no hesitation:
- "I'm sorry for leaving without any notice! There are some businesses I have to take care of."
- "Are you....really Lucifer?" -Eri continued her doubt.
- "You want to see me cover in bandage again, Eri?!" -Lucifer smiled.
Eri jumped out of the water and wrapped her arms around Lucifer's neck. Lucifer was taken aback for a second, but knowing Eri and her unexpected actions, he received her emotion and hugged her back tightly.
Then continued their conversation as they strolled around the river bank. Eri was extremely fascinated about everything Lucifer said. From why he was expelled from heaven to how he raised his underworld army and became the king of Hell during the past few months, Eri was on all ears. Lucifer noted that a war that would shake the world would come soon and asked that Eri didn't tell anyone about this encounter. As they reached the forest where Lucifer was first found by Eri, Lucifer asked:
- "If that man, Huddle, died now? What would you do?"
- "Did I attempted to change the situation before that?"
- "Assume you did."
Without a second of second thought, Eri answered:
- "I would have wept and cried my heart out for him. Then I will recover and wake up the next day with a smile on my face."
- "Then why are you trying so hard back then? What's the difference between him dying then and now?"
- "NO! The difference is not now and then! It's about have you tried your best. If it's for your love ones' sake, a little sacrifice should never be too much, isn't it?
The curiosity and desire to test Eri in Lucifer had vanished without a trace. The smile of Eri after her last answer gave Lucifer a full round of satisfaction as he laughed loudly with her. Lucifer pulled out from his tunic a golden apple and asked Eri to keep it with her at all time.
- "The war is unavoidable, but if you are the one who initiate it, I believed you can end it!"
 You have salvaged me from the moment I doubt myself. Samuel's apple was not meant to be consumed as it would only bring you torment and despair; but if you just carried it with you, good luck will certainly come for you."
As he finished his advice and turned away to open a portal from mid-air, Eri shouted out:
- "I prefer that fire and horn, you know! It really screams out King of Hell to me!!"
Looked back at Eri with astonishment, Lucifer laughed loudly as he transformed himself back to his demonic form. He then looked at Eri again, who was now accustomed to his grotesque appearance and smiled back. His eyes were blazing yellow and sparked the lights of hope. Out of a whim and his love for her, he roared:
- "Promise you would outlive me this time! Human!"
- "That I can't do! You know, when my loved one need me, I... ah, you know the rest, don't you?"
Said Eri, as she pretending to blush. Lucifer cackled uncontrollably at the weird sight as he was submerged by a wall of fire.
Eri stood there for a while. Everything just happened within a few hours back was too strong for a person who act on her heart to intake at once. She sat down and looked into the distance.  The wind ambled wildly, carrying leaves and dust around the cloudy sky. Eri kneaded her eyes as rolls of tear had slither down her face since God know when. She twirl her hazelnut hair as she looked at it; and accidently pull out a strand. The pain returned her to her sense, as she stood up and dust the back of her dress. She mumbled:" Thank you Lucifer..." and walked home intending to get Isabel to teach her more about the bible on the shelves.


NIF File Format Documentation
NIF Objects | Compound Types | Enum Types | Basic Types | File Versions
HeaderString
A variable length string that ends with a newline character (0x0A). The string starts as follows depending on the version:
Version <= <IP_ADDRESS>: 'NetImmerse File Format'
Version >= <IP_ADDRESS>: 'Gamebryo File Format'
Can Be Used As Array Size
No
Found In


package minimizer
A framework for applying batches of minimization rules to dependency graphs, possibly to fixed point.
- Source
- package.scala
Linear Supertypes
Ordering
- Alphabetic
- By Inheritance
Inherited
- minimizer
- AnyRef
- Any
- Hide All
- Show All
Visibility
- Public
- All
Type Members
- class DefaultRuleDependencyGraphMinimizer extends RuleDependencyGraphMinimizer
-
abstract
class
MinimizationRule extends Logging
A minimization rule.
- abstract class MinimizationRuleExecutor extends Logging
- abstract class RuleDependencyGraphMinimizer extends MinimizationRuleExecutor
Value Members
- object MinimizationRuleExecutor


The charges against Israeli PM Netanyahu
Israeli Prime Minister Benjamin Netanyahu is to stand trial on corruption charges, the country's attorney general said on Thursday.
Here is a look at the allegations against the veteran premier, who denies them all:
Champagne, Cigars
Attorney General Avichai Mandelblit said he was indicting Netanyahu for fraud and breach of trust in what are known as cases 1 000 and 2 000 and for bribery, fraud and breach of trust in case 4 000.
Case 1 000 involves allegations Netanyahu and his family received gifts including luxury cigars, champagne and jewellery from wealthy individuals, estimated to be worth more than 700 000 shekels ($200 000), in exchange for financial or personal favours.
According to police, Hollywood producer Arnon Milchan was responsible for some 478 000 shekels-worth of gifts, while the remainder came from Australian billionaire James Packer.
Netanyahu is suspected in return to have sought to help Milchan receive tax benefits that some reports said could have been worth millions of dollars and assisted him with obtaining a US visa.
Netanyahu argues there is no problem with receiving gifts from friends and denies having acted inappropriately in exchange.
Newspaper 'secret deal'
A second investigation, known as Case 2000, concerns allegations Netanyahu sought a deal with the owner of the Yediot Aharonot newspaper that would have seen it give him more favourable coverage.
In exchange, Netanyahu allegedly raised the possibility of pushing for legislation to limit the circulation of Israel Hayom, a free newspaper that is the main rival to Yediot.
Police based their investigation on recordings of meetings between Netanyahu and Yediot's publisher Arnon Moses.
Ari Harow, a former Netanyahu chief of staff, agreed to testify in exchange for leniency.
Netanyahu says he acted against the legislation concerning Israel Hayom, and broke up parliament over it despite any behind-the-scenes discussions.
'The big one'
The third investigation, known as Case 4 000, is considered the most serious and also relates to alleged attempts to seek positive media coverage through favours.
Netanyahu is alleged to have negotiated with Shaul Elovitch, the controlling shareholder of Israeli telecommunications giant Bezeq, to get positive coverage on his Walla! news site in exchange for policies benefiting Bezeq.
Shlomo Filber, a Netanyahu ally for more than 20 years and a former communications ministry director general, has become a state witness.
He is accused of mediating between Netanyahu and Elovitch and promoting regulatory changes worth millions of dollars to Bezeq.
Netanyahu dismisses the allegations, saying he received nothing from Elovitch and that Walla's coverage of him has been negative.
He says experts were in support of arrangements for Bezeq.
Mandelblit described a long list of Walla coverage decisions allegedly taken on behalf of Netanyahu.
They included downplaying stories Netanyahu viewed as harmful to him or his family and publishing negative coverage of opponents.
In one case, Netanyahu allegedly pushed for a story about the wife of a political rival having worked in a non-kosher restaurant.
Another allegedly saw the Netanyahus order the publication of a story about his wife Sara attending a Mariah Carey concert and her meeting with the singer.
In alleged communications regarding such coverage, Netanyahu was referred to as "the big one".


--- layout: page title: About Paige ---
Hi! I'm Paige. I'm a recent graduate of Dev Bootcamp, looking for a junior dev or apprentice position. I teach and organize for Girl Develop It Chicago.
I enjoy patios, talking to strangers on airplanes (sorry, Mom), and the Oxford comma. I daydream about my future french bulldog and will stop you on the street to pet yours if you're out walking one.


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Copyright 2005-2006 by The BioBike Team (contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>In this tutorial we're going to address the same problem as in one of
the very earliest tutorials, but instead of just programming it, we're
going to let the Snark theorem prover do most of the work for us.
The problem we'll address is the one posed by Jeff Elhai:
In the Biocomputing I tutorial we wrote a program to search for genes
that met these criteria. This time, we're just going to state the
problem, and let Snark do the searching for us.
Compared to the way we did this same problem in the "Biocomputing I"
tutorial, this is going to seem like a whole lot of work to do a
relatively simple thing. At the end we'll see why it might make sense
to use a reasoning-based approach, instead of just the pure Lisp
approach.
First off, let's express the thing we're after in Snark
terms. Essentially we'd like to:
So, as before, we're going to create a test function using the above
formulation, and then we'll fill in the holes:
Before going any farther, let's set up Snark, just like we did before:
And we'll also get the Hihara data exactly as we did back in the old
Biocomputing I tutorial:
Now we have to provide the functions: GENE-IN-ORGANISM,
PHOTOSYNTHESIS-RELATED, ORTHOLOG, and HIHARA-MEAN-REGULATION-RATIO.
Creating function for use in Snark theorem proving is a little
different than writing them for use in Lisp code. Notice that we call
them with multiple variable arguments (beginning with ?, like:
"?gene", etc.), and that we don't use their results as lists of things,
but treat them all like predicates. That is, whereas in the old
version of this problem we did something like:
So all we have to do is to tell Snark how to resolve all those predicates!
(Note this is going to be the most confusing thing you've read in the
entire course! There are lisp functions that look like Snark
relations, and there are things called relations and things called
predicates, and they all look like the same things, and have similar
names. I predicate that you'll need to read this section several times
before getting it. Don't get frustrated, and pay close attention to
the names of things as they are slightly and importantly different.)
Conceptually, everything in a Snark condition is a relation -- that is
something hold between two or more things. Predicates -- that is,
functions that do a simple test, like "photosynthesis-related", are
relations between some things (a gene, in this case) and a truth
value: True or NIL (in lisp it was T or NIL, but Snark uses
True). Predicates are generally easy to write, and are done nearly
exactly the same way as in the previous tutorial (except that instead
of returning T or NIL, we use the special Snark name TRUE):
Anyway, The way that we tell Snark all this is:
Okay, new let's move on to the other relations that we need to
declare: gene-in-organism, hihara-mean-regulation-ratio, and ortholog.
Let's take hihara-mean-regulation-ratio first because that's almost
the same as photosynthesis-related, except that instead of producing a
truth value, it produces a number (the mean regulation ratio, from the
table we loaded above). Just like photosynthesis-related, here are the
function and the Snark declaration:
Now, because we use this relation in so many ways, its declaraction is
a tad complex. I'm gonna explain it, and show it to you, but you're
only going to partly understand it. That's okay; the idea is to get
the gist, but to be able to write this yourself!
So, with that disclaimer, here are the various pieces you need to make
gene-in-organism work:
Okay, and finally ortholog is similar:
Okay, so that's it for the various underlying machinery, now
all we need to do is to set up and test it out! This is mostly like
the previous tutorials with Snark.
Just like before, we begin with a top-level plan that just calls the
other functions to do the work:
Okay, so we should be good to go! Here's the main function again:
Let's give it a try!
Now, let's talk about :weights and the declare-ordering function
again. To review, we defined this ordering:
Now, Snark ANDs don't do things in the same linear order. In fact, you
have a great deal of freedom over the order in which Snark tries to
resolve the various assertions and relations. So by saying:
Okay, enough of this. I'm sure that you've now completely overwhelmed
by detail. All of that work just to get the same answer as we already
had! I said at the top that I'd explain why we did all this work to
get the same answer that a simple piece of Lisp code go us back in the
"Biocomputing I" lesson. There are a few reasons for this.
First, although for "pedagogical reasons" I forced you through all of
this setup and knowledge entry, most of that stuff would normally be
done by whoever it was that setup the BioBike knowledge bases, and all
that you'd have to do is to write the query (FIND-ONE ...) In theory
there would be a lot of knowledge that was expressed by the
knowledgebase designer (although we don't have a lot of it above!),
and so you'd be able to do a wide range of complex queries.
Second, in complex cases, the theorem-proving approach turns out to be
simpler because it can turn complex loops and code that chases around
in the knowledge base into a set of simpler axioms, and Snark then
does the chasing automatically. In this particular cases, that
advantage isn't really clear since this is such a simple case, but
it's not too hard to construct more complex cases, and we'll actually
do that in the next tutorial.
Third, given that the knowledge has been setup appropriately, it turns
out to be possible (although not really simple) to write programs that
turn queries expressed in something close to natural language into
conjectures like ours above, so that instead of having to write:
All in all, the theorem proving approach is, indeed, more cumbersome
than writing a simple program full of loops, but by breaking up
knowledge into "sensible" units (axioms etc), and then letting the
theorem prover do the work of figuring out how to find its way through
these to your answer, in larger scale projects, it turns out to be
extremely powerful.
Copyright 2005-2006 by The BioBike Team (contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Introduction
What photosynthesis-related genes in PMed4 have no ortholog in P9313
but do have an ortholog in S6803 and which there exhibit a
light stress response -- e.g., greater than 2x up-regulation ratio in
the light stress microarray experiments of Hihara et al?
The background for this is discussed in depth in the tutorial called
"Biocomputing I". You might want to review that tutorial, although
doing so isn't critical for understanding this one.
A reasoning-based approach
Find a gene in promed4 that is photosynthesis related, and that has an
ortholog in syn6803, but no ortholog in pro9313, and where the mean
up-regulation ratio in the Hihara dataset is > 2.
In Snark-ese, that comes out something like this:
(and (gene-in-organism ?gene med4)
(photosynthesis-related ?gene)
(ortholog ?gene ?gene1)
(gene-in-organism ?gene1 s6803)
(not (exists ((gene3 :sort gene))
(and (ortholog ?gene gene3)
(gene-in-organism gene3 mit9313))))
(> (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1) 2)
)
Note that we've made up out of thin air a number of functions that we
need to figure out how to write (gene-in-organism,
photosynthesis-related, ortholog, and hihara-mean-regulation-ratio),
but the point is that, once we write those, Snark will (if we've done
everything correctly) find genes for us that fit this set of
requirements.
>> (defun test-hihara ()
>> (hihara-init)
>> (find-one '(and (gene-in-organism ?gene med4)
>> (photosynthesis-related ?gene)
>> (ortholog ?gene ?gene1)
>> (gene-in-organism ?gene1 s6803)
>> (not (exists
>> ((gene3 :sort gene))
>> (and (ortholog ?gene gene3)
>> (gene-in-organism gene3 mit9313))))
>> (> (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1) 2))
>> :answer '(list ?gene ?gene1 (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1))
>> ))
Note that it initializes biodeducta, just like we did before, and then
tries to find one solution to the problem (we could, of course, find
all solutions, but one will do for now), and returns the med4 gene
(called ?gene), its syn6803 equivalent (called ?gene1 -- okay, we
weren't naming these so well ... we'll explain in a minute why we used
these names!), and the regulation ratio.
Setting up SNARK
>> (progn
>> (use-module :snark)
>> (do-snark-shadowing-imports)
>> (shadowing-import 'snark::assert)
>> (shadowing-import 'snark::?)
>> (use-snark)
>> (set-timelimit 200)
>> )
Now we need to ensure that we have all the relevant organisms:
>> (progn
>> (load-organism :p9313)
>> (load-organism :s6803)
>> (load-organism :pmed4)
>> )
Getting the data
;;; First we define a table to hold the data:
>> (defvar *gene->regratio* (simple-hash-table))
;;; Then load the table with the Hihara data and compute the means on the way in:
>> (loop for (gene . data) in (cdr (simple-read-table "hihara.tbl"))
>> do (setf (gethash gene *gene->regratio*) (mean data)))
;;; And make sure it's there:
>> (hash-table-count *gene->regratio*)
:: 3079
;;; A quick examination of the table should demonstrate that we actually
;;; have the desired data in hand at this point:
>> (showhash *gene->regratio*)
;; Hash table #
Note that, as before, each entry contains the mean of the expression
levels in the table for that gene.
Providing the helping functions
(loop for pm4gene in (#^genes pmed4)
when (promed-specific-light-sensitive-gene? pm4gene)
collect pm4gene)
Here we are doing:
(and (gene-in-organism ?gene med4)
(photosynthesis-related ?gene)
(ortholog ?gene ?gene1)
(gene-in-organism ?gene1 s6803)
(not (exists
((gene3 :sort gene))
(and (ortholog ?gene gene3)
(gene-in-organism gene3 mit9313))))
(> (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1) 2)
)
The loop is implicit -- Snark will do it for us. In fact, what
Snark effectively does is to bind (that is, try to replace)
every gene it knows for all the ?gene names in the above, and will
treat this as a giant condition.
>> (defun photosynthesis-related-code (gene)
>> (if (or (search "photo" (#^annotation gene) :test
>> #'char-equal)
>> (search "light" (#^annotation gene) :test
>> #'char-equal))
>> true
>> nil))
Note the name of this function:
photosynthesis-related-CODE. This isn't the actual predicate
used by Snark, it's the function that does the work of the predicate.
We have to tell Snark that in order to do:
(photosynthesis-related ?gene)
is has to call the lisp code:
(photosynthesis-related-code some-specific-gene)
Note the change in arguments!! ?gene
v. some-specific-gene! Remember the "binding" thing -- where
?gene gets replaced by Snark with every known gene... So, what will
happen is that ?gene will get replaced by some-specific-gene (say
#$s6803.srl1234), and then Snark will translate:
(photosynthesis-related ?gene)
into this:
(photosynthesis-related-code #$s6803.srl1234)
which will, in turn, return True or NIL. But "returning" a value isn't
the way to think about this; the way to think about this is that
photosynthesis-related is a relation between a gene and a truth
value. At this moment this will just seem weird to you, but in a
second, it'll matter a lot!
(declare-relation
'photosynthesis-related 1
:sort '((1 gene))
:rewrite-code (function-rewrites-operator
#'photosynthesis-related-code)
:weight 1)
This tells Snark that the relation photosynthesis-related takes one
argument, which is of type GENE, and that the function to use (as
above) is photosynthesis-related-code. We'll get to the weight later
on.
>> (defun hihara-mean-regulation-ratio-code (gene-frame-or-name)
>> (let* ((number-or-nil
>> (let* ((name (cond ((isframe? gene-frame-or-name)
>> (second (string-split
>> (#^fname gene-frame-or-name) #\.)))
>> (t gene-frame-or-name)))
>> (values (assocdr name bio::*hihara-results*
>> :test #'string-equal)))
>> (when values (mean values)))))
>> (if (numberp number-or-nil)
>> number-or-nil
>> 0)))
(declare-function 'hihara-mean-regulation-ratio 1
:sort '(number (1 gene))
:rewrite-code
(function-rewrites-operator
#'hihara-mean-regulation-ratio-code))
Gene-in-organism is a relationship between genes and their organism,
we give it an organism, and it produces their genes. Notice that we
use it three times:
(and (gene-in-organism ?gene med4)
(photosynthesis-related ?gene)
(ortholog ?gene ?gene1)
(gene-in-organism ?gene1 s6803)
(not (exists ((gene3 :sort gene))
(and (ortholog ?gene gene3)
(gene-in-organism gene3 mit9313))))
(> (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1) 2)
)
Here's where it starts to pay to think of these as relations, not
functions. In these three cases, are these calls producing a gene
given an organism, or checking whether a given gene is in a particular
organism? If we were writing a standard program, this would matter a
great deal, but in Snark the question isn't relevant. Snark's job is
to find a consistent way of binding the variables in the
expression...How it does this could be complex, but usually you don't
have to worry about it -- you just use the relations, and if Snark
needs to use them to produce entities (such as genes), it will,
whereas if Snark has an entity and needs to use the functions to check
for consistency (like a predicate), it will use them that way.
First off, we declare the basic relation:
(declare-relation 'gene-in-organism 2
:sort '((1 gene) (2 organism)))
Next we assert that if Snark doesn't happen to already
know that a given gene is in a given organism, it can use
Lisp functions to get them. These functions are collectively
called "gene-in-organism-code":
(assert
'(iff
(gene-in-organism ?gene ?organism)
(gene-in-organism-code ?gene ?organism))
:sequential :uninherited
:name 'definition-of-gene-in-organism-code)
Next we have to declare gene-in-organism-code. That has two
implementations, one to get the genes from a given organism, and
another to get the organism from a given gene. Snark will call the
one it needs depending on whether it needs to get a gene from an
organism, or vice versa:
(declare-relation 'gene-in-organism-code 2
:sort '((1 gene) (2 organism))
:satisfy-code
(list
(function-satisfies-relation #'genes 1)
(function-satisfies-relation #'organisms 2))
:weight 13)
And here are those two functions, which we'll actually define right now!
>> (defun genes (org) (#^genes org))
>> (defun organisms (gene) (list (#^organism gene)))
Whew! That was nasty! I hope that you got the gist.
First off, we declare the basic relation:
(declare-relation 'ortholog 2 :sort '((t gene)))
Next we assert principles by which Snark can figure
out what needs to be done:
(assert
'(iff
(and
(ortholog ?gene ?gene1)
(gene-in-organism ?gene1 ?organism))
(gene-has-ortholog-in-organism ?gene ?gene1 ?organism))
:sequential :uninherited
:name 'definition-of-gene-has-ortholog-in-organism)
Next we have to declare the complex part of
gene-has-ortholog-in-organism:
(declare-relation 'gene-has-ortholog-in-organism 3
:sort '((1 gene)
(2 gene)
(3 organism))
:satisfy-code
(function-satisfies-relation #'orthologs-in-organism 2)
:falsify-code
(function-falsifies-relation #'orthologs-in-organism 2)
:weight 2)
And finally define the lisp parts, which we'll actually define
right now!
>> (defun orthologs-in-organism (gene org)
>> (let* ((ortho (and (#^encodes-protein gene)
>> (two-way-ortholog-of gene org 0.001))))
>> (and ortho (list (slotv ortho #$gene)))
>> ))
Code to run the example
>> (defun hihara-init ()
>> (init-biodeducta)
>> (declare-sorts)
>> (declare-constants)
>> (declare-relations)
>> (declare-ordering) ; This is new here!
>> (install-axioms)
>> )
>> (defun init-biodeducta ()
>> (initialize)
>> (use-resolution t)
>> (use-factoring t)
>> (assert-supported nil) ; don't reason forward from assertions
>> (use-numbers-as-constructors)
>> (use-code-for-numbers)
>> (use-lisp-types-as-sorts t)
>> (agenda-length-limit 10000)
>> (print-final-rows)
>> (use-literal-ordering-with-resolution 'literal-ordering-a)
>> (use-literal-ordering-with-paramodulation 'literal-ordering-a)
>> (use-term-ordering :rpo)
>> (use-default-ordering nil) ; will try both directions
>> (rpo-status :left-to-right)
>> (ordering-functions>constants t)
>> (use-subsumption nil) ; ???? possibly remove ????
>> (use-answers-during-subsumption t)
>> (use-simplification-by-equalities nil) ; ???? maybe turn off look for indents
>> )
Note, in declaring sorts (types) we want to be a little more careful
than we were in previous tutorials. This time we're going to need
numbers and genes and organisms, and the like:
>> (defun declare-sorts ()
>> (declare-sort 'thing)
>> (declare-subsorts 'thing 'name 'entity)
>> (declare-disjoint-subsorts 'entity 'bio-entity 'number 'pair 'bool)
>> (declare-disjoint-subsorts 'bio-entity 'gene 'rna 'mrna 'organism 'list)
>> (declare-subsorts 'organism 'species)
>> )
We're going to need some constants, specifically the names of specific
organisms. BioBike uses that funny "#$" frame notation for these, but
Snark doesn't understand this syntax, so we need to give these normal
names, and we use the F2S (frame to Snark) function to create a Snarky
name for things with #$frame notation:
>> (defun declare-constants ()
>> (declare-constant (f2s #$synechocystis_pcc6803)
>> :sort 'species
>> :alias 's6803)
>> (declare-constant (f2s #$prochlorococcus_marinus_med4)
>> :sort 'species
>> :alias 'med4)
>> (declare-constant (f2s #$prochlorococcus_marinus_mit9313)
>> :sort 'species
>> :alias 'mit9313)
>> )
The relations are as explained above:
>> (defun declare-relations ()
>> (declare-relation
>> 'gene-in-organism 2
>> :sort '((1 gene)
>> (2 organism)))
>> (declare-relation
>> 'gene-in-organism-code 2
>> :sort '((1 gene) (2 organism))
>> :satisfy-code
>> (list
>> (function-satisfies-relation #'genes 1)
>> (function-satisfies-relation #'organisms 2))
>> :weight 13)
>> (declare-relation 'ortholog 2 :sort '((t gene)))
>> (declare-relation
>> 'gene-has-ortholog-in-organism 3
>> :sort '((1 gene) (2 gene) (3 organism))
>> :satisfy-code
>> (function-satisfies-relation #'orthologs-in-organism 2)
>> :falsify-code
>> (function-falsifies-relation #'orthologs-in-organism 2)
>> :weight 2)
>> (declare-function
>> 'hihara-mean-regulation-ratio 1
>> :sort '(number (1 gene))
>> :rewrite-code
>> (function-rewrites-operator
>> #'hihara-mean-regulation-ratio-code))
>> (declare-relation
>> 'photosynthesis-related 1
>> :sort '((1 gene))
>> :rewrite-code
>> (function-rewrites-operator
>> #'photosynthesis-related-code)
>> :weight 1)
>> )
And here are the assertions, also explained above:
>> (defun install-axioms ()
>> (assert
>> '(iff
>> (and
>> (ortholog ?gene ?gene1)
>> (gene-in-organism ?gene1 ?organism))
>> (gene-has-ortholog-in-organism ?gene ?gene1 ?organism))
>> :sequential :uninherited
>> :name 'definition-of-gene-has-ortholog-in-organism)
>> (assert
>> '(iff
>> (gene-in-organism ?gene ?organism)
>> (gene-in-organism-code ?gene ?organism))
>> :sequential :uninherited
>> :name 'definition-of-gene-in-organism-code)
>> )
Now, one little detail. We want to tell Snark what order to try to do
things in. This is what all those :weight things in the relation
declarations were for as well. In addition to those, we can specify
the ordering as:
>> (defun declare-ordering ()
>> (declare-ordering-greaterp
>> 'ortholog
>> 'gene-in-organism
>> 'gene-in-organism-code
>> 'photosynthesis-related
>> 'gene-has-ortholog-in-organism)
>> )
We'll talk about what this does at the end of this lesson.
>> (defun test-hihara ()
>> (hihara-init)
>> (find-one '(and (gene-in-organism ?gene med4)
>> (photosynthesis-related ?gene)
>> (ortholog ?gene ?gene1)
>> (gene-in-organism ?gene1 s6803)
>> (not (exists
>> ((gene3 :sort gene))
>> (and (ortholog ?gene gene3)
>> (gene-in-organism gene3 mit9313))))
>> (> (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1) 2))
>> :answer '(list ?gene ?gene1 (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1))
>> ))
Testing it out
>> (test-hihara)
If you're really lucky, you'll see something like this:
; The agenda of everything else has 1774 entries:
; 32 with value (4 20) 5 with value (4 43) 10 with value (4 49)
; 1696 with value (4 21) 7 with value (4 45) 11 with value (4 51)
; 11 with value (4 41) 2 with value (4 47)
(#$PMED4.PMM0817 #$S6803.ssr2595 2.2025)
> ((SNARK::QUESTION-- (AND (GENE-IN-ORGANISM ?GENE MED4) (PHOTOSYNTHESIS-RELATED ?GENE) (ORTHOLOG ?GENE ?GENE1) (GENE-IN-ORGANISM ?GENE1 S6803) (NOT (EXISTS ((GENE3 :SORT GENE)) (AND (ORTHOLOG ?GENE GENE3) (GENE-IN-ORGANISM GENE3 MIT9313)))) (> (HIHARA-MEAN-REGULATION-RATIO ?GENE1) 2))) NIL (#$PMED4.PMM0817 #$S6803.ssr2595 2.2025))
If you go back to the original tutorial in which we did this same
problem, you'll see that, in fact, this is the right answer! (Or you
can click on these genes to prove to yourself that they are light
related, and 2.2025 is the Hihara ratio, which you can prove to
yourself by looking it up in the hash table!
What's all that ordering about?
(defun declare-ordering ()
(declare-ordering-greaterp
'ortholog
'gene-in-organism
'gene-in-organism-code
'photosynthesis-related
'gene-has-ortholog-in-organism)
)
The reason that we want to tell Snark the order in which to try things
is a little bit subtle. Let's start by recalling the orginal
tutorial. There we had a loop that looked like this:
(defun proquery ()
(loop for pm4gene in (#^genes pmed4)
when (promed-specific-light-sensitive-gene? pm4gene)
collect pm4gene)))
This loops through all the promed genes, and collect the ones that
pass promed-specific-light-sensitive-gene? ... and then
promed-specific-light-sensitive-gene? was:
(defun promed-specific-light-sensitive-gene? (pm4gene)
(let* ((orths (biolite::ORTHOLOGS-OF pm4gene)))
(and (#^protein pm4gene)
(photosynthesis-related? pm4gene)
(not (org-in-orths-list p9313 orths))
(org-in-orths-list s6803 orths)
(hiraraup2x? (org-in-orths-list s6803 orths)))))
At that time this was just a simple lisp function, the AND forms were
evaluated in order: First it tested for a protein, then if the gene
was photosynthesis related, then ... and so on. Now, AND in Lisp has
a special property that can make things very efficient. The way it
works is to evaluate each form one-by-one, and if any of them fail
(i.e., return NIL), it stops right there and returns NIL. The
reason it can do this is that AND of anything with even a single NIL
is going to be NIL, so Lisp shortcuts the rest of the tests. This can
be very useful because you can use the order of the tests to make your
computations go faster -- basically you just put the longer ones at
the end, and both the shorter ones, and the ones that are going to
pass fewer cases, near the top. So the early tests will be faster, and
will hopefully stop most cases from getting to the long, later
computations.
Specifically, we knew that most genes aren't photosynthesis related, and this test is really fast, so by putting:
(photosynthesis-related? pm4gene)
pretty far up in the AND list, if it failed, none of the rest of the
AND block would get executed for that gene, thus saving us a lot of
time over all the genes.
(defun declare-ordering ()
(declare-ordering-greaterp
'ortholog
'gene-in-organism
'gene-in-organism-code
'photosynthesis-related
'gene-has-ortholog-in-organism)
)
and by giving the various :weights to the declarations, we tell Snark
approximately what order to proceed with the evaluation. These
orderings and weights won't make any formal difference -- you
should still get the same answer -- but it will make a practical
difference; that is, it may take a long time to get the answer if you
let Snark use its various default orderings.
Why all this complexity?
(find-one '(and (gene-in-organism ?gene med4)
(photosynthesis-related ?gene)
(ortholog ?gene ?gene1)
(gene-in-organism ?gene1 s6803)
(not (exists
((gene3 :sort gene))
(and (ortholog ?gene gene3)
(gene-in-organism gene3 mit9313))))
(> (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1) 2))
:answer '(list ?gene ?gene1 (hihara-mean-regulation-ratio ?gene1))
You'd be able to say something like: "Find a med4 gene that has no
ortholog in mit9313, but which does have an ortholog in s6803 that is
photosynthesis related and which has a Hihara mean regulation ratio
that's greater than 2." You can sort of see how a really smart program
might be able to turn that into the query above, and we'll see more of
that in the next lesson.


cloudmesh.shell.shell
¶
Module Contents¶
Classes¶
Some simple methods to manage dynamic namespace plugins for cloudmesh. |
|
The command shell that inherits all commands from PluginCommand |
Functions¶
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
cms. |
-
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
iter_namespace
(ns_pkg)¶
-
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
import_class
(cl)¶
-
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
get_class
(str)¶
-
class
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
Plugin
¶ Bases:
object
Some simple methods to manage dynamic namespace plugins for cloudmesh.
-
static
list
()¶
-
classmethod
modules
(cls)¶ list of cloudmesh modules in the cloudmesh namespace :return: list of modules
-
classmethod
classes
(cls)¶ list of the commands in the cloudmesh namespace under cloudmesh.command
- Returns
list of the commands
-
classmethod
name
(cls, command)¶ creates a name for a modules starting with do_ :param command: returns a tuple with the module location and tge do_function :return:
-
classmethod
class_name
(cls, command)¶ creates the default filename in which the module is defined :param command: the name of the command :return: cloudmesh.ext.command.<command>+command.<Command>
-
classmethod
load
(cls, commands=None)¶ - Parameters
commands –
If None the commands will be found from import cloudmesh Otherwise the commands can be explicitly specified with
- commands = [
‘cloudmesh.bar.command.bar.BarCommand’, ‘cloudmesh.foo.command.foo.FooCommand’, ]
A namespace package must exists. Foo and Bar ar just examples
- Returns
the classes of the command
-
static
-
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
selective_loading
= True¶
-
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
name
¶
-
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
PluginCommandClasses
¶
-
class
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
CMShell
(completekey='tab', stdin=None, stdout=None)¶ Bases:
cmd.Cmd
,PluginCommandClasses
The command shell that inherits all commands from PluginCommand
-
prompt
= cms>¶
-
do_q
¶
-
set_debug
(self, on)¶
-
do_commands
(self, args, arguments)¶ - Usage:
commands
-
precmd
(self, line)¶ Hook method executed just before the command line is interpreted, but after the input prompt is generated and issued.
-
postcmd
(self, stop, line)¶ Hook method executed just after a command dispatch is finished.
-
replace_vars
(self, line)¶
-
onecmd
(self, line)¶ Interpret the argument as though it had been typed in response to the prompt.
This may be overridden, but should not normally need to be; see the precmd() and postcmd() methods for useful execution hooks. The return value is a flag indicating whether interpretation of commands by the interpreter should stop.
-
do_py
(self, args, arguments)¶ - Usage:
py PROGRAM…
- Arguments:
PROGRAM… the command to be executed
- Description:
py PROGRAM… executes the command
-
do_shell
(self, args, arguments)¶ - Usage:
shell COMMAND
- Arguments:
COMMAND the command to be executed
- Description:
shell COMMAND executes the command
-
do_help
(self, arg)¶ - Usage:
help help COMMAND
- Description:
List available commands with “help” or detailed help with “help COMMAND”.
In addition to the commands it also allows to print the api. The classes that help is available for can be listed with
cms info
-
help_help
(self)¶ - Usage:
help help COMMAND
- Description:
List available commands with “help” or detailed help with “help COMMAND”.
-
do_info
(self, args, arguments)¶ - Usage:
info path info commands info files [errors] [–output=FORMAT] info cloudmesh info errors [–trace] info sys [KEYWORD] [–plugins] [–output=FORMAT] info
- Options:
- --format=FORMAT
the format to print the versions in [default: table]
Description:
- info
provides internal info about the shell and its packages
The format option only works for
cms info files
-
preloop
(self)¶ adds the banner to the preloop
-
do_EOF
(self, args)¶ - Usage:
EOF
- Description:
Command to the shell to terminate reading a script.
-
do_quit
(self, args)¶ - Usage:
quit
- Description:
Action to be performed when quit is typed
-
emptyline
(self)¶ Called when an empty line is entered in response to the prompt.
If this method is not overridden, it repeats the last nonempty command entered.
-
do_version
(self, args, arguments)¶ - Usage:
version pip [PACKAGE] version [–format=FORMAT] [–check=CHECK] [–number]
- Options:
- --format=FORMAT
the format to print the versions in [default: table]
- --check=CHECK
boolean tp conduct an additional check [default: True]
- Description:
- version
Prints out the version number
- version pip
Prints the contents of pip list
- Limitations:
Package names must not have a . in them instead you need to use - Thus to query for cloudmesh-cmd5 use
cms version pip cloudmesh-cmd5
-
-
cloudmesh.shell.shell.
main
()¶ cms.
- Usage:
cms –help cms [–echo] [–debug] [–nosplash] [-i] [COMMAND …]
- Arguments:
COMMAND A command to be executed
- Options:
- --file=SCRIPT
- -f
SCRIPT Executes the script
- -i
After start keep the shell interactive, otherwise quit [default: False]
- --nosplash
do not show the banner [default: False]


A croissant is a buttery, flaky, viennoiserie pastry named for its well-known crescent shape. Croissants and other viennoiserie are made of a layered yeast-leavened dough
Pancakes
A pancake is a flat cake, often thin and round, prepared from a starch-based batter that may contain eggs, milk and butter and cooked on a hot surface such as a griddle or frying pan, often frying with oil or butter
Bacon, Egg and Cheese Sandwich
A bacon, egg and cheese sandwich is a breakfast sandwich popular in the United States. The sandwich is typically made with bacon, eggs, cheese and bread, which may be buttered and toasted
Egg Benedict
Eggs Benedict is a traditional American brunch or breakfast dish that consists of two halves of an English muffin each of which is topped with Canadian bacon, ham or sometimes bacon, a poached egg, and hollandaise sauce


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above |
Sun The Gentle, Wind |
|
below |
Ch'ien The Creative, Heaven |
The Taming Power of the Small
Has success.
Dense clouds, no rain from our western region.
The wind drives across heaven:
The image of The Taming Power of the Small.
Thus the superior man
Refines the outward aspect of his nature.
Nine at the beginning means:
Return to the way.
How could there be blame in this?
Good fortune.
Nine in the second place means:
He allows himself to be drawn into returning.
Good fortune.
Nine in the third place means:
The spokes burst out of the wagon wheel.
Man and wife roll their eyes.
Six in the fourth place means:
If you are sincere, blood vanishes and fear gives way.
No blame.
Nine in the fifth place means:
If you are sincere and loyally attached,
You are rich in your neighbor.
Nine at the top means:
The rain comes, there is rest.
This is due to the lasting affect of character.
Perseverance brings the woman into danger.
The moon is nearly full.
If the superior man persists,
Misfortune comes.


A prediction website for the stock market.
Stock market prediction is the act of trying to determine the future value of a company stock or other financial instrument traded on an exchange. The successful prediction of a stock’s future price could yield significant profit.
-- Stock market prediction - Wikipedia


Find out how to quickly get a game going.
Learn about the interface in detail.
Detailed information about devices to use as buzzers.


--- layout: home carousel: - image: /uploads/tt-cp--28-b.jpg caption: link: - image: /uploads/summer-spary-paint-inst-2b.jpg caption: link: showcarousel: true showgalleries: false _options: image: width: 1200 height: 1200 resize_style: contain mime_type: 'image/jpeg,image/png,image/gif' _comments: carousel: Edit the slideshow link: Optional web link from the slide caption: optional caption showgalleries: show thumbnail galleries on home page ---


Twitter’s ‘Topics’ feature to follow sports, entertainment, and gaming rolling out soon
by Michael PotuckTwitter teased its Topics feature back in August and now it’s set to roll out for all users soon. Topics make it easy to keep up with all the latest news you’re interested in across 300 different subjects including sports, entertainment, and gaming.
Reported by The Verge, Twitter Topics give users an easy way to keep up with what they love as it lets you see tweets of interest from credible sources that you might not follow.
You will be able to follow more than 300 “topics” across sports, entertainment, and gaming, just as you are currently able to follow individual accounts. In return, you’ll see tweets from accounts that you don’t follow that have credibility on these subjects.
Twitter’s Topics team leader, Rob Bishop noted the goal of the feature is to improve users’ daily use.
“We know that the main reason that people come to Twitter is to keep up on the things that they’re interested in,” said Rob Bishop who leads Topics team. “The challenge is it’s really quite difficult to do that on Twitter day to day.”
Further, Bishop shared with The Verge what’s in the pipeline for Topics:
So what’s next? More topics, including on subjects that are popular internationally, Bishop said. The team is also working on a feature to mute topics, which could be useful for anyone who is trying to avoid spoilers for a popular television show, for example. Eventually, Bishop says, you may be able to “narrow cast” your tweet to followers of a particular subject, which is another ancient dream of Twitter users. (Imagine being able to discuss the city you live in on Twitter but only with people who are following that subject.)
Topics are set to roll out globally on Wednesday, November 13th.
Top image via The Verge
More on Twitter:
- Twitter rolling out fix for buggy auto-refresh timeline behavior on iOS
- Twitter for Mac receives first update since iPad version adapted for macOS
- Twitter now lets all iPhone users pin favorited lists to the timeline
FTC: We use income earning auto affiliate links. More.


JsonSvcEx v0.1.1 API Reference
Modules
Example About controller with sub enpoint route and failover 404 matcher
all endpoints are aliased with /about/*
based on Router.Base
Account controller manages details of account modifications TODO: GET - get read optimized account details
Root (/) and health endpoints to return service details and act as an external watchdog resource
Reports errors to Honeybadger
adds option to ignore report flow
Base application supervisor that starts the service api router Router.Base
Kafka.Helpers provides helper functions to simplify producing, consuming and interacting with kafka topics
KafkaHandlers for messages to RequestCreate
Publishes to kafka topic using worker defined by @worker_id
a random partition is selected per message
KafkaHandlers for messages to RequestCreate
Publishes to kafka topic using worker defined by @worker_id
a random partition is selected per message
KafkaHandlers for account controller
Publishes to kafka topic using worker defined by @worker_id
a random partition is selected per message
Kafka Workers - create workers with atoms for handling different controller
streams
@workers
list of worker modules that contain interface kafka_meta
Kafka Workers - create workers with atoms for handling different controller
streams
@workers
list of worker modules that contain interface kafka_meta
Account request object
Poison Encoder for handling json response bodies with status code
sets default values for body=%{}
and status=200
supports skipping one or both extra params
Base Router, handles all forwarding requests to separate controllers based on each controller’s defined path
Exceptions
Application error with support for explicitly setting http_code
and
an option to ignore error in Honeybadger


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block page_title %} Confirmation page example {% endblock %} {% block content %} 620 files successful uploaded We have sent you an email... {% endblock %}
We have sent you an email...


Name :
Ok
Player :
High Score :
0
Change Player
Start game!
Balloons Popped :
0
Time Remaining :
5
seconds
0
Scoreboard


Greece to shut down overcrowded refugee camps on islands
Authorities say the camps, including Moria on Lesbos island, will be replaced with larger-capacity closed facilities.
Greece will shut down overcrowded refugee camps on islands facing Turkey and replace them with more restrictive holding facilities, according to officials.
The three centres to be closed - on the islands of Chios, Samos and Lesbos, including its notorious Moria camp - currently house about 36,400 people under terrible conditions that have been repeatedly criticised by rights groups and the Council of Europe. They have a nominal capacity of just 4,500.
More:
"Decongesting the islands is a priority at this stage," the government's special coordinator for migration Alkiviadis Stefanis, a former army general and chief of staff, told a news conference on Wednesday.
The Greek government said it would replace the camps with new closed facilities for identification, relocation and deportation with a capacity of at least 5,000 people each.
Smalls camps on the islands of Kos and Leros are also to be remodelled along these lines and enlarged, Stefanis said.
Instead of being allowed to move freely in and out of the camps, asylum seekers will now be locked up until they are granted refugee status and relocated to the mainland, or rejected and sent back to Turkey, officials said.
New restrictions on NGOs
Greece's new conservative government, which came to power in July, has pledged to relocate thousands of asylum seekers to camps on the mainland by early 2020.
It has already passed a law stiffening asylum requirements for migrants and refugees, and has promised to deploy additional border patrols.
Stefanis also said on Wednesday that new criteria would be issued for the operation of NGOs helping refugees and migrants.
"Only those [NGOs] that meet the requirements will stay and continue to operate in the country," said Stefanis, who is also Greece's deputy defence minister.
Prime Minister Kyriakos Mitsotakis on Tuesday accused the European Union of treating countries on the bloc's external frontiers as convenient places to house migrants.
"It cannot go on like this," Mitsotakis told German newspaper Handelsblatt.
"Europe regards arrival countries such as Greece as a convenient parking spot for refugees and migrants. Is that European solidarity? No! I will no longer accept this."
The International Organization for Migration last month said that Greece's mainland camps were already nearly full or past capacity.


Everything about this tournament (except the questions :) is likely to be similar to last year's regionals, including the FREE GIORDANO'S PIZZA!!! For those of you who have not had good Chicago-style stuffed-crust pizza, this is not to be missed. (Yes, it will be stuffed-crust this year... sorry again about that.)
Format will depend on the number of teams attending, but expect either a full RR followed by a playoff RR or a division RR followed by playoff RRs.
Questions should follow the official ACF distribution and formatting, and should be sent to Dave Hamilton not later than Jan 31. ONE PACKET PER SCHOOL (presumably from your best team), even if you're sending multiple teams. See the web pages (or email me) for eligibility info if you need it.
I am currently working to set up a hotel block; more info on that to registered teams when I have it.
Base fee: $90 -$10 each additional team after first from a school. -$15 pack into Dave by Jan 15th. -$05 per working buzzer system, reserved in advance -$10 per experienced moderator, reserved in advance (we may limit the numbers of these two (above) discounts.) -$50 if your school has never attended an ACF RCT before. -$50 if you travel more than 500 miles to get to the ACF Midwest RCT (distance between your start point & the tourney as listed by freetrip.com, not by your odometer.) min fee $40. Remember, with this you also get FREE GIORDANO'S PIZZA for lunch on Saturday.If money is going to be a serious issue in terms of your school sending its initial team & your school is not a "circuit" school, please contact me & we can probably work something out.
To register: Send an email with "ACF RCT" in the subject line to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with all the applicable info (# of teams, discounts, etc). Do not use this subject for questions; rather send me an email with "ACF Question" in the subject line.
Thanks, and I hope to see you in February!
Mike Zarren
TD, Midwest ACF Regional Championship


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Standard HTML input tags not wrapped in br-input tags will have the same style as ones wrapped. The label must be placed after the input to get the correct style. The layout with no br-input tag wrapper will change deppending on the parent containers css.