--- title: 'R package MittagLeffleR: Using the Mittag-Leffler distributions in R' author: Peter Straka date: '2017-06-26' slug: mittag-leffler categories: - Software tags: - Software - R - R package - Heavy Tails - Bursts draft: no math: yes summary: | First version of an R package which calculates probability densities of the Mittag-Leffler families of distributions. image: https://strakaps.github.io/MittagLeffleR/articles/MLdist_files/figure-html/unnamed-chunk-1-2.png ---
Ricky Gill and I have created the R package MittagLeffleR, documented at strakaps.github.io/MittagLeffleR/. It is available on CRAN (and the latest development version on GitHub). MittagLeffleR calculates both Mittag-Leffler distributions; i.e. probability density, cumulative distribution function, quantile function and fast random variate generation. It was made possible by the Laplace inversion algorithm for the Mittag-Leffler function by Roberto Garrappa. Install it via
install.packages("MittagLeffleR")
Various journal articles (including my own) write about “the” Mittag-Leffler distribution, but actually there are two such families of distributions. Both have a shape parameter (tail
) taken from the interval \((0,1]\), but the first distribution is very heavy-tailed with infinite mean if tail
\(\in (0,1)\) (it is equal to the exponential distribution if tail
\(=1\)) whereas the second distribution is light-tailed (has finite moments of all orders). The boolean variable second.type
switches between these two distributions.
The first type Mittag-Leffler distribution commonly occurs for the inter-arrival times between events in complex systems (e.g. earthquakes, see future post). Suppose that for an event to happen, several “tries” are needed, and that each try has a duration. The number \(N\) of tries until a success is geometrically distributed, and the sum of \(N\) durations is well approximated by a Mittag-Leffler (type I) distribution (this is the geometric stable property).
As an example, we simulate n=100
Mittag-Leffler (type I) random variables, and estimate their tail and scale parameters via maximum likelihood:
library(MittagLeffleR)
y = rml(n = 100, tail = 0.9, scale = 2)
mlml <- function(X) {
log_l <- function(theta) {
#transform parameters so can do optimization unconstrained
theta[1] <- 1/(1+exp(-theta[1]))
theta[2] <- exp(theta[2])
-sum(log(dml(X,theta[1],theta[2])))
}
ml_theta <- stats::optim(c(0.5,0.5), fn=log_l)$par
#transform back
ml_a <- 1/(1 + exp(-ml_theta[1]))
ml_d <- exp(ml_theta[2])
return(list("tail" = ml_a, "scale" = ml_d))
}
mlml(y)
## $tail
## [1] 0.9390633
##
## $scale
## [1] 1.600294
The second type Mittag-Leffler distribution typically occurs for the random number of events in complex systems. For instance, assume a random walk with heavy-tailed waiting times; this has become a widely adopted model for anomalous diffusion. For late times, its number of steps can be well approximated by a Mittag-Leffler (type II) distribution.
The time-change of a random walk by the random number of steps is called subordination; the random number of steps is approximated by the inverse stable subordinator. Below we calculate the probability density of a random walker with step size dx=0.01
:
N %*% h
.library(MittagLeffleR)
tail <- 0.65
dx <- 0.01
x <- seq(-2,5,dx)
umax <- qml(p=0.99, tail=tail, scale=1, second.type=TRUE)
u <- seq(0.01,umax,dx)
h <- dml(x=u, tail=tail, scale=1, second.type=TRUE)
N <- outer(x,u,function(x,u){dnorm(x=x, mean=u, sd=sqrt(u))})
p <- N %*% h * dx
plot(x,p, type='l', main="Fractional diffusion with drift at t=1")
Should you run into any bugs or issues, please let us know. Thanks!


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It applies to:
The code explains the duties on schools to:
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This code relates to:
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//imports
const utility = require("../utility");
const { v4: uuidv4 } = require("uuid");
/**
* Represents a Courier
* @constructor
* @param {string} orderId - If specified, designated the Courier to only pick up a specific order. Defaults to 'any'
* @example {"orderId": "58e9b5fe-3fde-4a27-8e98-682e58a4a65d"}
* @example {"orderId": "any"}
*/
class Courier {
constructor(orderId = "any") {
(this.uuid = uuidv4()),
(this.name = utility.getRandomName()),
(this.orderId = orderId),
(this.travelTime = Math.floor(Math.random() * 12) + 3),
(this.creationTime = Date.now()),
(this.readyTime = null),
(this.finishTime = null);
//Immediately once a courier is spawned, they will be added to the queue of travelling couriers
TravellingCourierQueue.push(this);
console.log(
`new courier on the way: ${this.name} for order: "${
this.orderId
}" - arrives in in ${this.travelTime * 1000}`
);
/***
* Once a courier has traveled for their allotted time, they will mark themselves as ready;
* the courier instance itself (this), is passed as a param
*/
setTimeout(this.markCourierAsReady, this.travelTime * 1000, this);
}
//Lets the courier instance remove itself from TravellingCouriers and move itself to ReadyCouriers
markCourierAsReady(courier) {
//Find the courier instance in our queue of travelling couriers that is identical to us
let index = TravellingCourierQueue.findIndex((item) => {
return item === this;
});
//Once our courier has been marked ready,we can update its timestamps for our analytics
courier.readyTime = Date.now();
//We found our position in the travelling queue; splice our courier and then push it to the ready queue.
if (index) {
TravellingCourierQueue.splice(index, 1);
ReadyCourierQueue.push(courier);
//Once we have our courier waiting around in the queue of Ready Couriers, they can perform their first check for vacant orders
courier.findAvailableOrder(courier);
}
}
/**
* /method to let us remove the courier entirely from all queues.
* @method
* @param {object} courier - specficies which courier should be activated (will always be itself)
*/
removeFromKitchen(courier) {
//check for ready queue index
let rIndex = ReadyCourierQueue.findIndex((item) => {
return item.uuid === courier.uuid;
});
//We found our position in the ready queue; splice our courier out
if (rIndex > -1) {
ReadyCourierQueue.splice(rIndex, 1);
console.log(`${courier.name} has left the kitchen`);
}
//Finally, have the courier emit a signal to all listening clients that contains all of itself, including a final timestamp for finishTime
courier.finishTime = Date.now();
//emit a courier finish event for our clients
io.emit("courier_finish", {
courier,
});
}
/**
* /method to let a courier try to find and handle orders in the OrdersForPickup queue.
* @method
* @param {object} courier - specficies which courier should be activated (will always be itself)
*/
async findAvailableOrder(courier) {
console.log(courier.name + " is waiting for available order...");
if (OrdersForPickup.length > 0) {
try {
//if our courier does not come with a specified order, it'll activate the oldest order off the order queue if there is one.
if (courier.orderId === "any") {
pickUpOldestOrder(courier);
//Once the worker has taken its order, they're out of the kitchen/queue
this.removeFromKitchen(courier);
} else if (courier.orderid != "any") {
console.log(
"courier wants to pick up specific order: " + courier.orderId
);
let pickup = pickUpSpecificOrder(courier);
if (pickup === true) {
this.removeFromKitchen(courier);
}
}
} catch (ex) {
console.log(ex);
}
}
}
}
module.exports = Courier;
/// Order-selection strategies
//pick up the first order in the queue and handle it in accordance with FIFO-principle
function pickUpOldestOrder(courier) {
let workOrder = OrdersForPickup[0];
//Have the order emit its finish event to clients
workOrder.sendFinishEvent();
//remove the order from the OrdersForPickup queue.
OrdersForPickup.splice(0, 1);
console.log(
`${courier.name} picked up order: ${workOrder.id} (${workOrder.name})`
);
/***
* Defensive move to guard against a scenario where we - in the future - may want to run mixed types of couriers (designated/any)
* In this case, an "agnostic" courier with "any" orderid may arrive first and finish an order that has designated courier still travelling
* This would, over time, cause congestion in the worker queue, as the designated couriers would never be released.
*/
let index = ReadyCourierQueue.findIndex((courier) => {
return courier.orderId === workOrder.id;
});
//We found a courier who is designated for this particular order; REmove it from the kitchen since they will never get work.
if (index > -1) {
console.log(
ReadyCourierQueue[index].name +
"'s order has already been picked up by someone else!"
);
this.removeFromKitchen(ReadyCourierQueue[index]);
}
}
//pick up the first order in the queue and handle it in accordance with FIFO-principle
function pickUpSpecificOrder(courier) {
let index = OrdersForPickup.findIndex((item) => {
return item.id == courier.orderId;
});
//We found our position in the travelling queue; splice our courier and then push it to the ready queue.
if (index > -1) {
OrdersForPickup[index].sendFinishEvent();
OrdersForPickup.splice(index, 1);
console.log(
`${courier.name} picked up his designated order: ${courier.orderId} `
);
return true;
} else {
console.log(courier.name + " did not find his designated order");
return false;
}
}


I
- Vertex idV
- Vertex valueE
- Edge valueM
- Message datapublic interface CentralizedServiceWorker<I extends org.apache.hadoop.io.WritableComparable,V extends org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable,E extends org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable,M extends org.apache.hadoop.io.Writable> extends CentralizedService<I,V,E,M>
| 限定符和类型 | 方法和说明 |
|---|---|
void |
cleanup(FinishedSuperstepStats finishedSuperstepStats)
Clean up the service (no calls may be issued after this)
|
void |
exchangeVertexPartitions(Collection<? extends PartitionOwner> masterSetPartitionOwners)
If desired by the user, vertex partitions are redistributed among
workers according to the chosen WorkerGraphPartitioner.
|
void |
failureCleanup()
Operations that will be called if there is a failure by a worker.
|
FinishedSuperstepStats |
finishSuperstep(GraphState<I,V,E,M> graphState,
List<PartitionStats> partitionStatsList)
Worker is done with its portion of the superstep.
|
WorkerAggregatorHandler |
getAggregatorHandler()
Get worker aggregator handler
|
GraphTaskManager<I,V,E,M> |
getGraphTaskManager()
Get the GraphTaskManager that this service is using.
|
MasterInfo |
getMasterInfo()
Get master info
|
Integer |
getPartitionId(I vertexId)
Get the partition id that a vertex id would belong to.
|
Iterable<? extends PartitionOwner> |
getPartitionOwners()
Get all partition owners.
|
PartitionStore<I,V,E,M> |
getPartitionStore()
Get the partition store for this worker.
|
ServerData<I,V,E,M> |
getServerData()
Get server data
|
SuperstepOutput<I,V,E> |
getSuperstepOutput()
Get the superstep output class
|
PartitionOwner |
getVertexPartitionOwner(I vertexId)
Every client will need to get a partition owner from a vertex id so that
they know which worker to sent the request to.
|
WorkerClient<I,V,E,M> |
getWorkerClient()
Get the worker client (for instantiating WorkerClientRequestProcessor
instances.
|
WorkerContext |
getWorkerContext()
Get the worker context.
|
WorkerInfo |
getWorkerInfo()
Get the worker information
|
WorkerObserver[] |
getWorkerObservers()
Get the observers for this Worker.
|
boolean |
hasPartition(Integer partitionId)
Whether a partition with given id exists on this worker.
|
VertexEdgeCount |
loadCheckpoint(long superstep)
Load the vertices, edges, messages from the beginning of a superstep.
|
void |
prepareSuperstep()
Final preparation for superstep, called after startSuperstep and
potential loading from checkpoint, right before the computation started
TODO how to avoid this additional function
|
FinishedSuperstepStats |
setup()
Setup (must be called prior to any other function)
|
Collection<? extends PartitionOwner> |
startSuperstep(GraphState<I,V,E,M> graphState)
Take all steps prior to actually beginning the computation of a
superstep.
|
void |
storeCheckpoint()
Both the vertices and the messages need to be checkpointed in order
for them to be used.
|
checkpointFrequencyMet, getRestartedSuperstep, getSuperstep, getWorkerInfoList
FinishedSuperstepStats setup()
WorkerInfo getWorkerInfo()
WorkerClient<I,V,E,M> getWorkerClient()
WorkerContext getWorkerContext()
WorkerObserver[] getWorkerObservers()
PartitionStore<I,V,E,M> getPartitionStore()
void storeCheckpoint() throws IOException
IOException
VertexEdgeCount loadCheckpoint(long superstep) throws IOException
superstep
- which checkpoint to useIOException
Collection<? extends PartitionOwner> startSuperstep(GraphState<I,V,E,M> graphState)
graphState
- Current graph stateFinishedSuperstepStats finishSuperstep(GraphState<I,V,E,M> graphState, List<PartitionStats> partitionStatsList)
graphState
- Current graph statepartitionStatsList
- All the partition stats for this workerInteger getPartitionId(I vertexId)
vertexId
- Vertex idboolean hasPartition(Integer partitionId)
partitionId
- Partition idPartitionOwner getVertexPartitionOwner(I vertexId)
vertexId
- Vertex index to look forIterable<? extends PartitionOwner> getPartitionOwners()
void exchangeVertexPartitions(Collection<? extends PartitionOwner> masterSetPartitionOwners)
masterSetPartitionOwners
- Partition owner info passed from the
master.MasterInfo getMasterInfo()
GraphTaskManager<I,V,E,M> getGraphTaskManager()
void failureCleanup()
ServerData<I,V,E,M> getServerData()
WorkerAggregatorHandler getAggregatorHandler()
void prepareSuperstep()
SuperstepOutput<I,V,E> getSuperstepOutput()
void cleanup(FinishedSuperstepStats finishedSuperstepStats) throws IOException, InterruptedException
finishedSuperstepStats
- Finished supestep statsIOException
InterruptedException
Copyright © 2011-2014 The Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved.


Dependencies
Note: nmod, neg, and punct appear in two places.
|
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acl
: clausal modifier of noun
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for acl
.
advcl
: adverbial clause modifier
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advcl
.
advmod
: adverbial modifier
We differentiate subtypes of adverbial modifiers according to the tridirectionality of Hungarian adverbs:
advmod:tfrom – relation between an adverb answering for the question „from when?” and its parent
advmod:tlocy – relation between an adverb answering for the question „when?” and its parent
advmod:to – relation between an adverb answering for the question „where to?” and its parent
advmod:tto – relation between an adverb answering for the question „till when or by when?” and its parent
advmod:from – relation between an adverb answering for the question „from where?” and its parent
advmod:locy – relation between an adverb answering for the question „where?” and its parent
advmod:mode – relation between other adverbs and its parent
advmod:locy
: advmod:locy
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advmod:locy
.
advmod:mode
: advmod:mode
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advmod:mode
.
advmod:obl
: advmod:obl
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advmod:obl
.
advmod:que
: advmod:que
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advmod:que
.
advmod:tfrom
: advmod:tfrom
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advmod:tfrom
.
advmod:tlocy
: advmod:tlocy
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advmod:tlocy
.
advmod:to
: advmod:to
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advmod:to
.
advmod:tto
: advmod:tto
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for advmod:tto
.
amod
: adjectival modifier
Adverbial uses of adjectives are marked with amod:mode (szépen - nicely, which is marked as adjective in the Hungarian data). Other (attributive) uses of adjectives are marked with amod:att.
amod:att
: amod:att
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for amod:att
.
amod:attlvc
: amod:attlvc
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for amod:attlvc
.
amod:mode
: amod:mode
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for amod:mode
.
amod:obl
: amod:obl
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for amod:obl
.
appos
: appositional modifier
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for appos
.
aux
: auxiliary
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for aux
.
auxpass
: passive auxiliary
This relation is not relevant in Hungarian.
case
: case marking
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for case
.
cc
: coordinating conjunction
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for cc
.
ccomp
: clausal complement
Clausal objects are marked with ccomp:obj, clauses that express a core dependent of the main verb but are not objects are marked with ccomp:obl, and clauses that express a predicative dependent of the main verb are marked with ccomp:pred.
ccomp:obj
: ccomp:obj
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for ccomp:obj
.
ccomp:obl
: ccomp:obl
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for ccomp:obl
.
ccomp:pred
: ccomp:pred
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for ccomp:pred
.
compound
: compound
Multiword numerals are marked as compound (153 ezer - 153 thousand): the last element is the head, and all the other elements are attached to the one to its right with the relation compound.
The relation compound:preverb holds between the preverb and its parent verb whenever they are spelt in two words (nem jött el - not come-PAST-3SG-INDEF away - “he did not come”).
compound:preverb
: compound:preverb
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for compound:preverb
.
conj
: conjunct
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for conj
.
cop
: copula
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for cop
.
csubj
: clausal subject
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for csubj
.
csubjpass
: clausal passive subject
This relation is not relevant in Hungarian.
dep
: unspecified dependency
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for dep
.
det
: determiner
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for det
.
discourse
: discourse element
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for discourse
.
dislocated
: dislocated elements
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for dislocated
.
dobj
: direct object
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for obj
.
dobj:lvc
: dobj:lvc
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for dobj:lvc
.
expl
: expletive
This relation is not relevant in Hungarian.
fixed
: multi-word expression
For light verb constructions, we introduced the additional label lvc, which is appended to the normal dependency relation like dobj:lvc, nsubj:lvc etc.
flat
: name
Multiword named entities are marked as name (Kovács János): the last element (János) is the head, and all the other elements are attached to the one to its right with the relation name.
foreign
: foreign words
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for foreign
.
goeswith
: goes with
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for goeswith
.
iobj
: indirect object
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for iobj
.
list
: list
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for list
.
mark
: marker
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for mark
.
neg
: negation modifier
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for neg
.
nmod
: nominal modifier
nmod denotes the head noun of postpositional phrases.
nmod:att denotes nominal dependents of other nouns, e.g. in a possessive structure: a fiú kutyája - the boy dog-3SGPOSS “the boy’s dog”, where fiú has the relation nmod:att.
nmod:obl denotes nominal dependents that bear a case marker different from accusative or dative: Eljövök a kutyáért - away.come-PRES-1SG-INDEF the dog-CAU “I will come for the dog”, where kutyáért has the relation nmod:obl.
nmod:att
: nmod:att
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for nmod:att
.
nmod:attlvc
: nmod:attlvc
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for nmod:attlvc
.
nmod:obl
: nmod:obl
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for nmod:obl
.
nmod:obllvc
: nmod:obllvc
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for nmod:obllvc
.
nsubj
: nominal subject
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for nsubj
.
nsubj:lvc
: nsubj:lvc
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for nsubj:lvc
.
nsubjpass
: passive nominal subject
Passive is not relevant in Hungarian.
nummod
: numeric modifier
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for nummod
.
orphan
: remnant in ellipsis
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for orphan
.
parataxis
: parataxis
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for parataxis
.
punct
: punctuation
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for punct
.
reparandum
: overridden disfluency
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for reparandum
.
root
: root
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for root
.
vocative
: vocative
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for vocative
.
xcomp
: open clausal complement
This document is a placeholder for the language-specific documentation
for xcomp
.


---
layout: post
title: IMAGE CLASSIFICATION
---
Project Overview: The aim of this project is to build a convulational neural network using Tensorflow which classifies images from the CIFAR-10 dataset. The dataset consists of airplanes, dogs, cats, and other objects. To summarize, the images in the dataset are preprocessed, and then a convolutional neural network is trained on all the samples. The images need to be normalized and the labels need to be one-hot encoded. A convolutional, max pooling, dropout, and fully connected layers are built and then at the end, neural network's predictions on the sample images are examined. To read more about CNNs, follow this blog Image Source: [ Google]
Dataset Used:
Methodology
Data Preprocessing and Exploration:
Building the model:
A simple neural network has been built with three convoluional and max pool layers, a flatten layer, three fully connected layers, an output layer. I have added dropout layers too in the model.
A single optimization has been done along with the tuning of some hyperparameters (batch_size, epoch, keep_probability)
Visualizing the softmax predictions
Implementation:
Complete Code can be found here.
Happy Learning !!


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|
ABBCCOIN
|
#include <main.h>
Public Types | |
| enum | { BLOCK_PROOF_OF_STAKE = (1 << 0), BLOCK_STAKE_ENTROPY = (1 << 1), BLOCK_STAKE_MODIFIER = (1 << 2) } |
| enum | { nMedianTimeSpan =11 } |
Public Member Functions | |
| CBlockIndex (unsigned int nFileIn, unsigned int nBlockPosIn, CBlock &block) | |
| CBlock | GetBlockHeader () const |
| uint256 | GetBlockHash () const |
| int64_t | GetBlockTime () const |
| uint256 | GetBlockTrust () const |
| bool | IsInMainChain () const |
| bool | CheckIndex () const |
| int64_t | GetPastTimeLimit () const |
| int64_t | GetMedianTimePast () const |
| int64_t | GetMedianTime () const |
| bool | IsProofOfWork () const |
| bool | IsProofOfStake () const |
| void | SetProofOfStake () |
| unsigned int | GetStakeEntropyBit () const |
| bool | SetStakeEntropyBit (unsigned int nEntropyBit) |
| bool | GeneratedStakeModifier () const |
| void | SetStakeModifier (uint64_t nModifier, bool fGeneratedStakeModifier) |
| std::string | ToString () const |
| void | print () const |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static bool | IsSuperMajority (int minVersion, const CBlockIndex *pstart, unsigned int nRequired, unsigned int nToCheck) |
Public Attributes | |
| const uint256 * | phashBlock |
| CBlockIndex * | pprev |
| CBlockIndex * | pnext |
| unsigned int | nFile |
| unsigned int | nBlockPos |
| uint256 | nChainTrust |
| int | nHeight |
| int64_t | nMint |
| int64_t | nMoneySupply |
| unsigned int | nFlags |
| uint64_t | nStakeModifier |
| unsigned int | nStakeModifierChecksum |
| COutPoint | prevoutStake |
| unsigned int | nStakeTime |
| uint256 | hashProofOfStake |
| int | nVersion |
| uint256 | hashMerkleRoot |
| unsigned int | nTime |
| unsigned int | nBits |
| unsigned int | nNonce |
The block chain is a tree shaped structure starting with the genesis block at the root, with each block potentially having multiple candidates to be the next block. pprev and pnext link a path through the main/longest chain. A blockindex may have multiple pprev pointing back to it, but pnext will only point forward to the longest branch, or will be null if the block is not part of the longest chain.
|
static |
Returns true if there are nRequired or more blocks of minVersion or above in the last nToCheck blocks, starting at pstart and going backwards.


A basic usage of audio handling libraries for creating a fun sound-meter!
Category: Tutorials
Tags: python, audio
Posted by Krish Mehta on August 4, 2016
Those who have seen the 3 blocks of audience in PCSA compete during the STAB Orientation for the loudest cheer, know what this Sound Meter is.
Target
To analyse any incoming sound(be it mic or laptop microphone) and find its maximum volume. Actually, using other detailed operations you can estimate the frequency etc. Basically, once we read the audio input stream we can use the desired computations on it.
Plan of action
This is roughly what we need to do:
Read the input from the laptop microphone or the mic(in our case, that requires setting it to default recording device)
Find the maximum value of the sound channels over a chunk of inputs.
Display it!
Libraries used:
pyaudio for audio stream input.
audioop for max value analysis.
pygame for display.


https://discordapp.com/channels/412898016371015680/449949868904022036/602979405471678474
3:14 AM] Mr. Orange: Hello. I have some feed back on the mobile DEX. Very good so far. I have done 11 swaps. 6 Timeout failures. For some reason, the tactile feedback on entering my pin could be more sensitive. For the 6 number password, it often only registers 5 numbers. Not sure why, but it happens more often than not. Also, when a atomic swap fails, it would be better to have the error message stay up until you confirm OK. Many times I am trying to read the error message but it dissapears before I finish reading it. Overall, the mobile DEX is impressive and I am excited for Komodo's future. Keep up the great work. :ok_hand:
feedback from another channel @TonyL


These are a few key moments in Ritchie Valens's life:
1941: Ritchie was born as Richard Steven Valenzuela in Los Angeles, California.
1957: He joined a band as a guitarist and also became the vocalist when the the main vocalist left. On October 19th 1957 he debuted with the Silhouettes.
1958: His first audition got him a spot with Del-Fi. At that point he changed his name from Richard to Ritchie and his last name to Valens. Not long after he made the decision to drop out of high school to focus on his music carrer.
1959: Valens was on tour,The Winter Dance Party, in the Midwest with Buddy Holly, Dion and the Belmonts, J. P. "The Big Bopper" Richardson and Frankie Sardo. Unfortunately the tour buses's heaters broke down and they could no longer travel by road. Many of the artists got sick with flu or frostbite. On February 2, Ritchie and Buddy and J.P Richardson got on an airplane they charted to get to the next performance location. However, the airplane crashed not long after take off.
"Because Ritchie Valens WAS the real deal. He was only starting, but in the time he spent in the business, he made big impact. I don't know if anybody could have made a bigger one."
Enjoy this song and if you want to know more check out this link.


Orlando’s Top Venue for Live Music & Events
Orlando is a bustling city offering nonstop fun and entertainment, and Hard Rock Live Orlando is proud to be a part of that mix. Come see a show at Orlando’s own “Coliseum of Rock,” which offers a one-of-a-kind setting with its imposing columns, majestic archways, and grand entrance, plus the latest in sound and lighting technology. You’ll find our venue within Hard Rock Cafe Orlando, which is located within Universal Orlando® Resort.
COVID-19 Warning: Hard Rock International has taken enhanced health and safety measures to protect our customers, artists and employees. You must follow all posted instructions while visiting our venue. By entering Hard Rock Live, you acknowledge your understanding that there is an inherent risk of exposure to COVID-19 in any public place where other people are present. COVID-19 is an extremely contagious disease that can lead to severe illness and death. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, senior citizens and guests with underlying medical conditions are especially vulnerable. By visiting Hard Rock Live you voluntarily assume all risks related to exposure to COVID-19.


Woody Allen settles $68m lawsuit with Amazon over movie deal
Woody Allen has reached a legal settlement with Amazon Studios after it abandoned a four-film deal.
Allen initially filed a $68m (£52m) lawsuit in February amid resurfaced allegations that he molested his adopted daughter.
Amazon argued that his comments about the #MeToo movement "sabotaged" its attempts to promote his new movies.
The film director denies sexually assaulting Dylan Farrow, who lost a court case against him in 1992.
Under the movie deal, signed in 2016, Allen received a $10m advance payment. But two years later, the release of his first film, "A Rainy Day in New York," was shelved and plans for three other movies were cancelled.
#MeToo 'poster boy'
Shortly before Amazon withdraw from the agreement, Allen reportedly expressed sympathy for movie producer Harvey Weinstein, who was accused of sexually assaulting dozens of women.
Mr Weinstein denied the accusations against him, but has since reached a $44m settlement with some of the alleged victims.
Months after these initial comments, Allen accused Dylan Farrow of "cynically using the #MeToo movement" after she repeated allegations that he assaulted her when she was seven years old.
In an interview with Argentinean broadcaster Eltrece, Allen said he "should be the poster boy for the Me Too movement" since he had worked with "hundreds of actresses" and was "only accused by one woman in a child custody case".
Amazon Studios said its decision to terminate the deal was justified because Allen's comments undermined its financial security.
It also pointed out that "scores of actors and actresses expressed profound regret for having worked with Allen in the past, and many declared publicly that they would never work with him in the future".
In response, Allen said Amazon was fully aware of Dylan Farrow's accusation when the deal was signed.
His company, Gravier Productions, secured an international release for "A Rainy Day in New York" this year, but US distribution has not been secured.
Timothee Chalamet and Rebecca Hall, who star in the film, said last year that they would donate their wages to charity.


Method
Detection¶
ZonePlus splits items into three categories:
- LocalPlayer
- Players
- Parts
These categories then utilise unique methods to determine whether their corresponding item type is within a zone.
Info
It's important to understand that unlike in v1, zones now act as a collective through the ZoneController module. This means information can be generated once in a central area and shared with relavent zones, as apposed to each zone working independently.
LocalPlayer¶
- While a localplayer-connection is active...
- Perform a RotatedRegion3 check within the local player. An array of all zone group parts is used as its whitelist.
- Use this result to determine the zones the player is within.
- Update each of these returned zones and determine whether
.localPlayerEntered
or.localPlayerExited
should be fired. - If active, calculate the clock time of the next check based upon the
zone.accuracy
enum.
Players¶
- While a player-connection is active...
- Compare the total volume of all zones against the total volume of all player characters (these are pre-determined through events instead of calculating every check)
- If the total characters volume is less than the total zone volume then:
- Iterate through each player in the server.
- Perform a RotatedRegion3 check within the local player. A collective of all zone group parts is used as its whitelist.
- Use this result to determine the zones the player is within.
- If a returned zone has an active player connection, update it and determine if
.playerEntered(player)
or.playerExited(player)
should be called.
- Else if the total characters volume is greater than the total zone volume then:
- Iterate through each active zone.
- If the zone has an active player connection, perform a Region3 check of the zones rough area using all character parts within the server as a whitelist.
- Using a dictionary, match the bodyparts to their corresponding players.
- For each player detected, perform a precise RotatedRegion3 over their character to confirm they are exactly in the zone.
- Update the zone with these players and fire
.playerEntered(player)
and/or.playerExited(player)
where necessary.
- If active, calculate the clock time of the next check based upon the
zone.accuracy
enum.
Parts¶
- When a part-connection is formed, apply a touched event to all group-parts within the zone.
- When a part touches one of these group-parts, set its
.CanTouch
property tofalse
- Fire
.partEntered(part)
and form a 'tracking connection' for the part - While this tracking connection is active...
- Perform a 'tiny region3 check' (of size
(0.1, 0.1, 0.1)
with the zones group parts as a whitelist) to verify the parts center is still within the zone. - If this returns false, then it means the part is either on the outer bounds of the zone or exited. Now perform a whole-body RotatedRegion3 check, with the zones group parts as a whitelist.
- If this returns false, then the part has exited the zone. Fire
.partExited(part)
, disconnect the tracking connection and set the parts.CanTouch
property back totrue
. - Else if the tracking connection is still active, calculate the clock time of the next check based upon the
zone.accuracy
enum.
- Perform a 'tiny region3 check' (of size
- If all part-connections are disconnected, disconnect all touched events and end any tracking connections.
Optimisations¶
- A zones Region3 coordinates are rounded up to the nearest multiple of 4 to ensure it rests on the voxel grid.
- Region3 checks are favoured over raycasts for v2 as this enables the whole player/part to be considered as apposed to just the central position. When used in conjunction with whitelists and assuming the item is not overly-large, is almost as optimal as single raycasts.
- The volume comparisons enable zones to determine players inside with optimal efficiency. For instance, if a server contains a single
8x8x8
zone and 100 players of size4x5x1
, its significantly more efficient to check only the zone (of volume 512), as apposed to every player (of total volume 2000). Similarily, if you have multiple large zones which cover a map and few players in a server, it's going to be significantly more optimal to check each player as apposed to every zone. - When a region check is performed on a MeshPart or UnionOperations, additional raycast checks must be performed (due to the inaccurate bounding detection of roblox's region3 methods for these) - one ray is fired from above and below the zone to determine its intesection Y vectors and whether the item falls inbetween these. It's therefore recommened to avoid using these type of parts where possible.
- In the future, we may consider modifying the 'Player' detection to something similar that of 'Parts'. The
.CanTouch
property is still very new therefore we'd like to fully explore its benefits/weaknesses first before considering so.


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Oslo
Oslo is the capital of Norway.
Oslo
Oslo is the capital of Norway.
This is content chapter : goăugưuahgưahgiưahgiauwghắ


Core Personal Values
- Compassion
- Tolerance
- Humour
- Empathy
- Kindness
Strengths
- Seek Harmony
- Open mindedness
- Flexibility
- Creativity
- Passion
- Dedication
- Imagination
Weaknesses
- Pessimistic
- Overly emotional
- Impractical
- Take things personally
- Difficult to get to know
I’ve taken the Myers Briggs personality test several times in my life and I always seem to come up as INFP-T (Introversion, Intuition, Feeling, and Perception – Turbulent) or the Mediator... Which is apparently one of the rarest personality types 🤷♀
The stronger parts of my personality have allowed me to flourish at times. I’ve worked as a Test Analyst and as a Product Analyst in an Agile environment and I feel like web development will allow me to play to my strengths even more, while further improving my weaknesses.
I find it easy to empathise with others, even if I haven’t experienced that persons situation myself. Which is both a strength and a weakness (in some situations). I used to work for a debt collection department in a call centre and found it very difficult. I’m not comfortable describing peoples personal situations, but there were moments where I was too compassionate (for the role) with some people. In order to do well in that job I had to work on trying not to take on other peoples baggage, I managed to do so to the point where I think I was getting by (I didn't get fired)
I’ve had situations in the past where my altruism and empathy has been taken advantage of and I’m positive that working in debt collection was one of them. Something I’ve learned in recent years is to "Put On Your Own Oxygen Mask First” If not for myself but for others.
In my career I’ve also worked in a managerial position and didn’t particularly enjoy it. I struggled with being a person that could be a source of tension in the workplace. I’ve come to realise that people management isn’t for me. I much prefer harmony, not rocking the boat and getting along with others. (As long is it doesn't go against my core beliefs) In my experience of being a people manager, it didn't often allow for flexing my creative and imaginative side.
I also tend to take things personally. Receiving feedback is important. If not for affirmation that you're doing the right thing, but also for self improvement. I tend to have a lot of self doubt. In the past, I’ve had to learn to take careful consideration to negative feedback and not perceive it as a personal attack.
People also find me difficult to get to know at first. I’m reasonably introverted, private and don’t open up unless I feel safe. Once I am comfortable however I tend to overshare 😅
As an INFP-T, I found writing this and going into as much detail as I have quite difficult but I hope it gives you a small insight into the kind of person I am! 💜


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| Home > Documentation > Configuring and administering > Configuring services > Configuring datasources > Import database pools from WebLogic 8.1 |
(Note: Console screenshots are from Geronimo 2.0. Current console varies slightly.)
This wizard offers two different alternatives for importing existing BEA WebLogic database pools:
config.xml
). If you choose this option, the wizard will convert as many fields as it can and then will ask you to manually enter those failed to be converted. One of the values that you must manually input is the database password.Apart from the alternative you choose, you are still required to tell Geronimo where the database driver jars are. For this particular example, the Repository portlet is used to install the PointBase driver jar .
Here are the steps of installing the PointBase database driver jar in Geronimo:
pbclient44.jar
. This file is located in the <bea_home>weblogic81\common\eval\pointbase\lib
directory. Make a copy of this file and rename it pbclient-4.4.0.jar
.PointBase/pbclient/4.4.0/jar
listed near the top of the repository entries list.From the Geronimo Administration Console, click the Database Pools link. From the Database Pools portlet, click Import from WebLogic 8.1. The following figure illustrates the import wizard.
For this particular example, the focus is the second alternative for importing existing BEA WebLogic database pools. A default example domain was created in the WebLogic server with all the sample applications also included by default. This domain is located in the <bea_home>\user_projects\domains\examples directory.
On the first screen of the import wizard (illustrated in the above figure), enter the following values for the Domain directory path: and the weblogic81/server/lib path:, and click Next.
<bea_home>\user_projects\domains\examples
<bea_home>\weblogic81\server\lib
Step 2, illustrated in the following figure, shows a list of recognized database pools from the WebLogic domain you specified. These database pools can be imported to Apache Geronimo.
Note that the WebLogic domain that you are trying to import the database pools from must be running if you want to successfully test the connection. For this example, click the Confirm and Deploy link for the second database pool in the list, the one corresponding to examples-dataSource-demoPool.
In the following step, select the Driver JAR: that you just created in the Geronimo repository.
Note that the database password has been recognized. Click Test Connection, and you will see a confirmation similar to the following figure. Click Deploy.
The following page goes back to the Step 2. This time it will display the remaining database pools available for import and will also show the import status of the database pool that you just imported. At this point, you can click Skip Remaining Pools to leave the import wizard.
Now you can see the database pool that you just imported listed in the database pool portlet.
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Check out what features StarLight offers!
StarLight makes set up easy; attach the lights to a structure & scan them from the StarLight app!
StarLight app offers a number of ways to interact with the StarLight Hub, from patters to drawing!
StarLight provides a drawing mode. Draw anything in the StarLight app and see it on the StarLights!
Patterns are light sequences that StarLights can perform. There are options to download pre-made patterns or create new ones!
StarLight is currently nearing the end of developement and will be available for pre-order soon!


V
aldelama
The online home of Daniel Winer
Basic "Stacked" Form -
All inputs below the labels
Name
Email address
Your message
Which is better?
The Simpsons
Family Guy
Southpark
What kind of things would you like to to receive alerts about?
Parties with free beer
Car keys with built-in GPS tracking
Smart phone apps to help you find your car
Self driving cars for returning from events with free beer
Favourite beer
Heineken
Carlsberg
Stella Artois
Cronenberg
Guiness
Amstel
Corona
Send
Cancel
Horizontal form -
All inputs and labels inline
Name
Email
Your message
Favourite beer
Heineken
Carlsberg
Stella Artois
Cronenberg
Guiness
Amstel
Corona
Which is better?
The Simpsons
Family Guy
Southpark
Send
Help messages -
form hints
Stacked
Name
Please enter your full name
Email address
Must be a valid email address
Stacked with messages inline
Name
Please enter your full name
Email address
Must be a valid email address
Horizontal form
Name
Please enter your full name
Email address
Must be a valid email address
Login
Horizontal form with help below
Name
Please enter your full name
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Must be a valid email address
Help appears on :focus
- CSS only!
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Please enter your full name
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Must be a valid email address
Dimensions
Size 1
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Mini
Small
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(default)
Large
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Prepended and appended inputs
Prepend
Amount
$
How much would you like to donate?
With number input
Amount
$
How much would you like to donate?
Append
Amount
€
How much would you like to donate?
Both
Amount
$
.00
How much would you like to donate?
Stacked form
Amount
$
.00
How much would you like to donate?
Search
Go
Validation and error messages
Stacked
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Checkbox
I agree to the terms and conditions
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Log in
Required fields
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Email
Exceptions
Stacked form with horizontal inputs
Which is better?
The Simpsons
Family Guy
Southpark
Day
Monday
Month
January
Horizontal form with inputs below
Which of the following beers is your favourite?
Heineken
Carlsberg
Stella Artois
Cronenberg
Guiness
Amstel
Corona
What kind of things would you like to to receive alerts about?
Parties with free beer
Car keys with built-in GPS tracking
Smart phone apps to help you find your car
Self driving cars for returning from events with free beer
Horizontal form with stacked inputs
What kind of things would you like to to receive alerts about?
Parties with free beer
Car keys with built-in GPS tracking
Smart phone apps to help you find your car
Self driving cars for returning from events with free beer
Fieldsets and legends
Account details
Username
Must be at least five characters
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Must contain one number and one capital letter
Repeat password
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BMI Categories:
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Normal weight = 18.5–24.9
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Obesity = BMI of 30 or greater


:: CHN
The majority of China's success at the Olympic Winter Games has been in short track speed skating, with seven of its nine gold medals coming from the sport.


Multiple buttons 1/5
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Some of the in-progress tools I'm developing for a game I am working on with a friend.
View PostI attended my first Game Developer's Conference in 2018 and this is a postmortem of my experience and why I think you should go (at least once). TLDR; you network with professionals which gives you a genuine feel of the industry.
View PostThe theme of global game jam was tramsmission, or was it transmission? It was most likely the former, so over a weekend I developed a game about a trams mission with 3 other peers.
View PostThis is a high-level overview of how to use Perforce in P4V for a more efficient team workflow and to avoid common problems. I wrote this with CMU's Building Virtual World course in mind, so fellow peers would be able to collaborate better and work more efficiently.
View PostI watched a GDC talk by a Fortnite developer who spoke about the construction/destruction of the enviroment. I programmed the vertex shader which creates the stylized bounce effect when an object is impacted.
View PostThis was a 72-hour game jame with a theme of apocalypse, where I took a leadership role. It was my first game jame which came with its own unique challenges.
View Post


We will create the basic page structure. The basic structure of a jquery mobile page consists of a container called page. Within the page container there are 3 sections. The header, content and footer. This is what it looks like:
And below is the body section of the index.html code:
Next we add 3 buttons in the content section:
And this is what the buttons look like:
That concludes this lesson. In the next lesson we will add code to make the buttons work.


Must use our tour Planner for breathtaking tour packages!
This amazing site helps you book the best hotels all around the world!
Book your flight instantly using TourNest!
Must use our tour Planner for breathtaking tour packages!
This amazing site helps you book the best hotels all around the world!
Book your flight instantly using TourNest!


In the previous article in this series, I introduced you to the Future
type, its underlying paradigm, and how to put it to use to write highly readable and composable asynchronously executing code.
In that article, I also mentioned that Future
is really only one piece of the puzzle: It’s a read-only type that allows you to work with the values it will compute and handle failure to do so in an elegant way. In order for you to be able to read a computed value from a Future
, however, there must be a way for some other part of your software to put that value there. In this post, I will show you how this is done by means of the Promise
type, followed by some guidance on how to use futures and promises in practice.
Promises
In the previous article on futures, we had a sequential block of code that we passed to the apply
method of the Future
companion object, and, given an ExecutionContext
was in scope, it magically executed that code block asynchronously, returning its result as a Future
.
While this is an easy way to get a Future
when you want one, there is an alternative way to create Future
instances and have them complete with a success or failure. Where Future
provides an interface exclusively for querying, Promise
is a companion type that allows you to complete a Future
by putting a value into it. This can be done exactly once. Once a Promise
has been completed, it’s not possible to change it any more.
A Promise
instance is always linked to exactly one instance of Future
. If you call the apply
method of Future
again in the REPL, you will indeed notice that the Future
returned is a Promise
, too:
1 2 3 4 5 |
|
The object you get back is a DefaultPromise
, which implements both Future
and Promise
. This is an implementation detail, however. The Future
and the Promise
to which it belongs may very well be separate objects.
What this little example shows is that there is obviously no way to complete a Future
other than through a Promise
– the apply
method on Future
is just a nice helper function that shields you from this.
Now, let’s see how we can get our hands dirty and work with the Promise
type directly.
Promising a rosy future
When talking about promises that may be fulfilled or not, an obvious example domain is that of politicians, elections, campaign pledges, and legislative periods.
Suppose the politicians that then got elected into office promised their voters a tax cut. This can be represented as a Promise[TaxCut]
, which you can create by calling the apply
method on the Promise
companion object, like so:
1 2 3 4 5 6 |
|
Once you have created a Promise
, you can get the Future
belonging to it by calling the future
method on the Promise
instance:
1
|
|
The returned Future
might not be the same object as the Promise
, but calling the future
method of a Promise
multiple times will definitely always return the same object to make sure the one-to-one relationship between a Promise
and its Future
is preserved.
Completing a Promise
Once you have made a Promise
and told the world that you will deliver on it in the forseeable Future
, you better do your very best to make it happen.
In Scala, you can complete a Promise
either with a success or a failure.
Delivering on your Promise
To complete a Promise
with a success, you call its success
method, passing it the value that the Future
associated with it is supposed to have:
1
|
|
Once you have done this, that Promise
instance is no longer writable, and future attempts to do so will lead to an exception.
Also, completing your Promise
like this leads to the successful completion of the associated Future
. Any success or completion handlers on that future will now be called, or if, for instance, you are mapping that future, the mapping function will now be executed.
Usually, the completion of the Promise
and the processing of the completed Future
will not happen in the same thread. It’s more likely that you create your Promise
, start computing its value in another thread and immediately return the uncompleted Future
to the caller.
To illustrate, let’s do something like that for our taxcut promise:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 |
|
Please don’t get confused by the usage of the apply
method of the Future
companion object in this example. I’m just using it because it is so convenient for executing a block of code asynchronously. I could just as well have implemented the computation of the result (which involves a lot of sleeping) in a Runnable
that is executed asynchrously by an ExecutorService
, with a lot more boilerplate code. The point is that the Promise
is not completed in the caller thread.
Let’s redeem our campaign pledge then and add an onComplete
callback function to our future:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 |
|
If you try this out multiple times, you will see that the order of the console output is not deterministic. Eventually, the completion handler will be executed and run into the success case.
Breaking Promises like a sir
As a politician, you are pretty much used to not keeping your promises. As a Scala developer, you sometimes have no other choice, either. If that happens, you can still complete your Promise
instance gracefully, by calling its failure
method and passing it an exception:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 |
|
This implementation of the redeemCampaignPledge()
method will to lots of broken promises. Once you have completed a Promise
with the failure
method, it is no longer writable, just as is the case with the success
method. The associated Future
will now be completed with a Failure
, too, so the callback function above would run into the failure case.
If you already have a Try
, you can also complete a Promise
by calling its complete
method. If the Try
is a Success
, the associated Future
will be completed successfully, with the value inside the Success
. If it’s a Failure
, the Future
will completed with that failure.
Future-based programming in practice
If you want to make use of the future-based paradigm in order to increase the scalability of your application, you have to design your application to be non-blocking from the ground-up, which basically means that the functions in all your application layers are asynchronous and return futures.
A likely use case these days is that of developing a web application. If you are using a modern Scala web framework, it will allow you to return your responses as something like a Future[Response]
instead of blocking and then returning your finished Response
. This is important since it allows your web server to handle a huge number of open connections with a relatively low number of threads. By always giving your web server Future[Response]
, you maximize the utilization of the web server’s dedicated thread pool.
In the end, a service in your application might make multiple calls to your database layer and/or some external web service, receiving multiple futures, and then compose them to return a new Future
, all in a very readable for comprehension, such as the one you saw in the previous article. The web layer will turn such a Future
into a Future[Response]
.
However, how do you implement this in practice? There are are three different cases you have to consider:
Non-blocking IO
Your application will most certainly involve a lot of IO. For example, your web application will have to talk to a database, and it might act as a client that is calling other web services.
If at all possible, make use of libraries that are based on Java’s non-blocking IO capabilities, either by using Java’s NIO API directly or through a library like Netty. Such libraries, too, can serve many connections with a reasonably-sized dedicated thread pool.
Developing such a library yourself is one of the few places where directly working with the Promise
type makes a lot of sense.
Blocking IO
Sometimes, there is no NIO-based library available. For instance, most database drivers you’ll find in the Java world nowadays are using blocking IO. If you made a query to your database with such a driver in order to respond to a HTTP request, that call would be made on a web server thread. To avoid that, place all the code talking to the database inside a future
block, like so:
1 2 3 4 |
|
So far, we always used the implicitly available global ExecutionContext
to execute such future blocks. It’s probably a good idea to create a dedicated ExecutionContext
that you will have in scope in your database layer.
You can create an ExecutionContext
from a Java ExecutorService
, which means you will be able to tune the thread pool for executing your database calls asynchronously independently from the rest of your application:
1 2 3 4 |
|
Long-running computations
Depending on the nature of your application, it will occasionally have to call long-running tasks that don’t involve any IO at all, which means they are CPU-bound. These, too, should not be executed by a web server thread. Hence, you should turn them into Futures
, too:
1 2 3 |
|
Again, if you have long-running computations, having them run in a separate ExecutionContext
for CPU-bound tasks is a good idea. How to tune your various thread pools is highly dependent on your individual application and beyond the scope of this article.
Summary
In this article, we looked at promises, the writable part of the future-based concurrency paradigm, and how to use them to complete a Future
, followed by some advice on how to put futures to use in practice.
In the next part of this series, we are taking a step back from concurrency issues and examine how functional programming in Scala can help you to make your code more reusable, a claim that has long been associated with object-oriented programming.


Jul 14, 2008
Recusion Types
Score: 3.8/5 (26 votes)
Introduction
Here I am going to give a detail about Recursion in C++. Definition: Recursion is the process where a function is called itself but stack frame will be out of limit because function call will be infinite times. So a termination condition is mandatory to a recursion.
Many complex problem can be solved by recursion in a simple code. But it's too much costly than iterative. because in every recursion call one stack frame will formed.You all already know that about it's cost. but if problem is very complex than no way to solve except recursion.
Background
First recursion came into mathematics and then came into Computer science. Idea of it's use that first broke your problem into subproblems and solve it by using recursion.
The code
In C++, Recursion can be divided into two types:
(a)Run- Time Recursion: Normal as in C
(b)Compile- Time Recursion: By using Template
Each of these can be also divided into following types:
1. Linear Recursion
2. Binary Recursion
3. Tail Recursion
4. Mutual Recursion
5. Nested Recursion
1. Linear Recursion: This recursion is the most commonly used. In this recursion a function call itself in a simple manner and by termination condition it terminates. This process called 'Winding' and when it returns to caller that is called 'Un-Winding'. Termination condition also known as Base condition.
Example: Factorial calculation by linear recursion
Run-Time Version
Code:
int Fact(long n)
{
if(0>n)
return -1;
if(0 == n)
return 1;
else
{
return ( n* Fact(n-1));
}
}
Winding Process:
Function called Function return
Fact(6) 6*Fact(5)
Fact(5) 5*Fact(4)
Fact(4) 4*Fact(3)
Fact(3) 3* Fact(2)
Fact(2) 2* Fact(1)
Fact(1) 1* Fact(0)
Terminating Point
Fact(0) 1
Unwinding Process
Fact(1) 1*1
Fact(2) 2*1
Fact(3) 3*2*1
Fact(4) 4*3*2*1
Fact(5) 5*4*3*2*1
Fact(6) 6*5*4*3*2*1
Compile-Time Version
Code:
// template for Base Condition
template <>
struct Fact<0>
{
enum
{
factVal = 1
};
};
template
struct Fact
{
// Recursion call by linear method
enum
{
value = n * Fact::factVal
};
};
To test it how it's working at compile time, just call
cout <<>::factVal ;
And compile it then compiler error will come, because no template for -1.
2. Binary Recursion: Binary Recursion is a process where function is called twice at a time inplace of once at a time. Mostly it's using in data structure like operations for tree as traversal, finding height, merging, etc.
Example: Fibonacci number
Run Time Version Code
Code:
int FibNum(int n)
{
// Base conditions
if (n < 1)
return -1;
if (1 == n || 2 == n)
return 1; // Recursive call by Binary Method
return FibNum(n - 1) + FibNum(n - 2);
// At a time two recursive function called so Binary
}
// binary }
Compile Time Version Code
Code:
// Base Conditions
template<>
struct FibNum<2>
{
enum { val = 1 };
};
template <>
struct FibNum<1>
{
enum { val = 1 };
};
// Recursive call by Binary Method
template
struct FibNum
{
enum { val= FibNum::val + FibNum::val };
};
3. Tail Recursion: In this method, recursive function is called at the last. So it's more efficient than linear recursion method. Means you can say termination point will come(100%) only you have to put that condition.
Example: Fibonacci number
Run Time Version Code
Code:
int FibNum(int n, int x, int y)
{
if (1 == n) // Base Condition
{
return y;
}
else // Recursive call by Tail method
{
return FibNum(n-1, y, x+y);
}
}
Compile Time Version Code
Code:
template
struct FibNum
{
// Recursive call By tail method
enum
{
val = FibNum::val
};
};
// Base Condition or Termination
template
struct FibNum<1,>
{
enum
{
val = y
};
};
4. Mutual Recursion: Functions calling each other. Let's say FunA calling FunB and FunB calling FunA recursively. This is not actually not recursive but it's doing same as recursive. So you can say Programming languages which are not supporting recursive calls, mutual recursion can be applied there to fulfill the requirement of recursion. Base condition can be applied to any into one or more than one or all functions.
Example: To find Even Or Odd number
Run Time Version Code
Code:
bool IsOddNumber(int n)
{
// Base or Termination Condition
if (0 == n)
return 0;
else
// Recursive call by Mutual Method
return IsEvenNumber(n - 1);
}
bool IsEvenNumber(int n)
{
// Base or Termination Condition
if (0 == n)
return 1;
else
// Recursive call by Mutual Method
return IsOddNumber(n - 1);
}
Compile Time Version Code
Code:
// Base Or Termination Conditions
template <>
struct IsOddNumber<0>
{
enum
{
val = 0
};
};
template <>
struct IsEvenNumber<0>
{
enum
{
val = 1
};
};
// Recursive calls by Mutual Method
template
struct IsOddNumber
{
enum
{
val = n == 0 ? 0 : IsEvenNumber::val
};
};
template
struct IsEvenNumber
{
enum
{
val = n == 0 ? 1 : IsOddNumber::val
};
};
5.Nested Recursion: It's very different than all recursions. All recursion can be converted to iterative (loop) except nested recursion. You can understand this recursion by example of Ackermann function.
Example: Ackermann function
Run Time Version Code
Code:
int Ackermann(int x, int y)
{
// Base or Termination Condition
if (0 == x)
{
return y + 1;
}
// Error Handling condition
if (x <> 0 && 0 == y)
{
return Ackermann(x-1, 1);
}
// Recursive call by Nested method
else
{
return Ackermann(x-1, Ackermann(x, y-1));
}
}
Compile Time Version Code
Code:
// Base Or Termination condition
template
struct Ackermann<0,>
{
enum { val = y + 1 };
};
// Recursive Call by Linear Method
template
struct Ackermann
{
enum
{
val = Ackermann::val
};
};
// Recursive Call by Nested Method
template
struct Ackermann
{
Enum
{
val = Ackermann ::val>::val
};
};


Fibonacci
The most talented Western mathematician of the Middle Ages
Leonardo Pisano Fibonacci (1170–1240 or 1250)
Link out


Statistics
| Confidence | 50% | 60% | 70% | 80% | 90% | 100% | Total |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Accuracy | 49% | 58% | 66% | 76% | 88% | 93% | |
| Sample Size | 7485 | 10242 | 10153 | 10318 | 21072 | 5585 | 64855 |
Recent Predictions
-
blockquote bq. tags will break rendering ( 70% confidence )
Created by Glenn on 2008-07-07; known on 2008-07-07; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
blockquote bq. tags will break rendering ( 70% confidence )
Created by Glenn on 2008-07-07; known on 2008-07-07; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
code tags will break rendering ( 80% confidence )
Created by Glenn on 2008-07-07; known on 2008-07-07; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
solid description formatting will be implemented by this weekend ( 85% confidence )
Created by Glenn on 2008-07-07; known on 2008-07-13; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
this weekend will not work as a result date ( 95% confidence )
Created by Glenn on 2008-07-07; known on 2008-07-13; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
Textile links render correctly ( 10% confidence )
Created by Glenn on 2008-07-07; known on 2008-07-07; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
both pineal lesions from last week will turn out to be germinomas on histology ( 65% confidence )
Created by Frank on 2008-07-06; known on 2008-06-29; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
of the 7 herbs etc planted, at least 6 will survive and thrive ( 80% confidence )
Created by Frank on 2008-07-06; known on 2008-08-06; judged right on 2008-08-07.
-
Our deploy of shared predictions will happen without fault ( 85% confidence; 2 wagers )
Created by Adam on 2008-07-04; known on 2008-07-04; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
Per distance travelled, aeroplanes result in less fatalities than helicopters ( 80% confidence )
Created by Glenn on 2008-07-04; known on 2008-07-04; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
The world will not end when the LHC is activated ( 99% confidence; 5 wagers )
Created by Glenn on 2008-07-04; known on 2008-07-08; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
Despite much reading I will be unable to speed up my PS3's web browsing ( 45% confidence; 2 wagers )
Created by Frank on 2008-07-02; known on 2008-07-16; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
Excess bagage delivered by end of week (friday) ( 75% confidence )
Created by Frank on 2008-07-02; known on 2008-07-04; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
Quiksilver shares will finish the year above $11 ( 35% confidence; 2 wagers; 1 comment )
Created by Andy on 2008-07-01; known on 2008-01-01; judged wrong by Andy on 2009-07-04.
-
There will be 3 significant stock market dips in 2008 ( 45% confidence; 2 wagers; 1 comment )
Created by Andy on 2008-07-01; known on 2009-01-01; judged right by Lina on 2009-05-14.
-
Obama will be the next US president. ( 74% confidence; 9 wagers; 2 comments )
Created by Lina on 2008-06-29; known on 2008-11-08; judged right by Glenn on 2008-11-05.
-
pbook will deal with input like ßéàüçñåπæœ ( 85% confidence )
Created by Adam on 2008-06-27; known on 2008-06-27; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
pbook will remember my name after this prediction ( 98% confidence )
Created by Adam on 2008-06-26; known on 2008-06-26; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
Movies have a smaller relative market share now than 10 yrs ago ( 75% confidence )
Created by Matt on 2008-06-24; known on 2008-06-24; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
No one else will make a prediction today. ( 51% confidence )
Created by Lina on 2008-06-23; known on 2008-06-24; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
It will take 2 weeks for Trike to fix the glich that has my predictions going in multiple times. ( 75% confidence )
Created by Lina on 2008-06-21; known on 2008-05-07; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
Andy will come home from King Island later than Tuesday ( 70% confidence )
Created by Miyo on 2008-06-21; known on 2008-06-24; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
There will be more than 10,000 predictions on pbook by end 08. ( 71% confidence; 3 wagers )
Created by Lina on 2008-06-20; known on 2009-01-01; judged wrong by Glenn on 2009-01-08.
-
We will be living at 630 Canning by Aug 1st. ( 80% confidence )
Created by Lina on 2008-06-20; known on 2008-08-01; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
pbook will not be released to the web by xmas 08 ( 54% confidence; 7 wagers; 1 comment )
Created by Trainor on 2008-06-20; known on 2008-12-30; judged right by Matt on 2009-01-14.
-
It will take you until at least next Friday to get an input mask into the percentage field. ( 70% confidence )
Created by Frank on 2008-06-20; known on 2008-06-26; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
We will have validation of result dates ( 70% confidence )
Created by Adam on 2008-06-20; known on 2008-06-20; judged right on 2008-08-01.
-
The epiode “11” of scrubs Series 7 we have just watched is not actually episode 11 ( 80% confidence )
Created by Natalie on 2008-06-20; known on 2008-06-19; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
Sype video will not work next time ( 80% confidence )
Created by Natalie on 2008-06-20; known on 2008-06-30; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
ASX will finish above 5440 ( 60% confidence )
Created by Frank on 2008-06-20; known on 2008-06-23; judged wrong on 2008-08-01.
-
PredictionBook will have an Alpha server running by June 20, 2008 ( 80% confidence )
Created by Matt on 2008-06-20; known on 2008-06-20; judged right on 2008-08-14.


You collect and use the user's identifiable data:
- To provide the primary service of your product
- To develop marketing materials for your products
- To conduct scientific research
- For company operations (e.g., quality control or fraud detection)
- To develop and improve new and current products and services (e.g., analytics)
- Other


By @astronomyblog & @LoveGraphs. Stats last updated 28 December 2019.
It seems there may have been at least 89 shows and 422 listed appearances. With 5 people per show, iPlayer is missing at least 5% of appearances (and probably a similar percent of people). The host/captains/regulars have included Jake O'Kane (Regular × 85), Colin Murphy (Regular × 85), Neil Delamere (Regular × 83), Tim McGarry (Host × 81).
Total appearances:
Guest appearances i.e. ignoring the host/captains/regulars:
All people:
Guests i.e. ignoring the host/captains/regulars:
Last updated: 2019/12/28


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block page %} | Analysis{% endblock %} {% block custom_refs %} {% endblock %} {% block jumbo_content %}
With the goal of understanding the challenges of classifying invasive species, we analyzed and tested classification models on the PIER Pacific plant dataset. Using a dataset of invasive plants, we trained machine learning models to classify the invasiveness of the PIER dataset plants. We first cleaned the data to remove plants missing too many features and only keeping features that are present in most of the samples and that can be easily attained. With the reduced dataset, we divided the samples into training and validation sets and trained Random Forest and Logistic Regression models. In addition, we used PCA to try to reduce the size of the feature space to better visualize the classification results.
By filtering the data to remove missing information, we had a dataset of 962 samples and 18 features. We split the dataset 80:20 into training and validation sets.
We trained classification on the training data and predicted on the training and validation data. Depending on the random split of training and validation sets, the prediction accuracy varied a bit. Using the Logistic Regression model, the prediction accuracy was around 75% for both the training and validation sets. With the Random Forest model, the training accuracy was around 85% and the test accuracy was around 75%. Based on these results, Random Forest has more overfitting but potentially has a better prediction accuracy. As seen in the confusion matrix, the classification model leans towards non-invasive. This can be attributed to data bias since a large number of samples are non-invasive.
The top 3 most important features from the Random Forest model accounted for about 30% of the total data variance. By training a model on just these 3 features, all 4 prediction accuracies ended up at around 75%. Similarly, we used PCA to reduce the 18 features to just 3 features, which accounted for 50% of the total variance and resulted in the same prediction accuracies as the full feature set. Based on these two results, the significant features for classification of invasive species are reproduction, dispersal, and naturalization.
By plotting the top two principal components of the data, there appears to be 2 primary groups divided by a diagonal boundary. Above the boundary is predominantly one color, while below it is more mixed. The color labels help visualize the predictive accuracy of our model in 2 dimensions.
As a result of our analysis of the PIER dataset, we determined that prediction models can be used to classify invasive species based on just a few significant features. We are working on improving the prediction models by adjusting the features and balancing the data set. We are also considering specific classifications based on location, which may affect invasiveness as well as other features.
The long term goal of this project is to gather more training data and expand our models to encompass more organism groups. To do this, we have developed a webtool to perform live classification of user input data. This allows for testing the models with various hyperparameters while gathering more species data to improve our models.


ng-metro4
in your angular application just run: ng add ng-metro4
ng g ng-metro4:layout
app.component.html
so be careful if you already made some changes
npm install -g @angular/cli
ng new <AppName>
ng serve
As a last step you have to include the NgMetro4Module
in all modules where you need it:
You are now ready to use ng-metro4.
You can start browsing the components to get an image of what is possible.
To install ng-metro4 in your angular application first execute this command:
npm install -S ng-metro4 metro4 moment
After installing you have to reference the styles and scripts. Modify your angular.json
like this:
Instead of adding the css file in your angular.json
you could also add
@import '~metro4/build/css/metro-all.min.css';
at the top of your styles.less
file.
As a last step you have to include the NgMetro4Module
in your module:


Match Play. 0-0 to 7. How should Red play 41?
pips Red=102 White=41
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
To slot or not to slot, that is the question.
The answer is that this is a tie with your opponent having a three-point home board.
If it was two points you would definitely slot. If it was four points you definitely wouldn’t. At three points it is break even, 12/8, 6/5 and 20/16, 12/11 are tied for first place so take your pick.
The key here is to learn the break-even point of three home board points.
The answer is that this is a tie with your opponent having a three-point home board.
If it was two points you would definitely slot. If it was four points you definitely wouldn’t. At three points it is break even, 12/8, 6/5 and 20/16, 12/11 are tied for first place so take your pick.
The key here is to learn the break-even point of three home board points.
1. Cubeful 2-ply 12/8 6/5 Eq.: +0.212 0.596 0.000 0.000 - 0.404 0.186 0.013 2. Cubeful 2-ply 20/16 12/11 Eq.: +0.166 (-0.046) 0.541 0.000 0.000 - 0.459 0.108 0.001 3. Cubeful 2-ply 21/17 12/11 Eq.: +0.161 (-0.050) 0.542 0.000 0.000 - 0.458 0.115 0.001 4. Cubeful 2-ply 21/17 11/10 Eq.: +0.141 (-0.071) 0.538 0.000 0.000 - 0.462 0.127 0.002 5. Cubeful 2-ply 20/16 6/5 Eq.: +0.137 (-0.075) 0.577 0.000 0.000 - 0.423 0.202 0.012


I currently maintain the following websites:
This site was born after I realized how many great bands I was missing because I don't attend the music festivals where bands are best sampled. I wanted a tool through which I could sample other bands and select them based on my musical preferences. To learn details about how I made it, check out my blog.
Simplified explanations for the most important results from recent research.
Human attempts at artifical intelligence and other technological forays.
CowYo is a notepad - plain and simple! There are no buttons, no links, no ads - no distractions of any kind so it is truly simple! You can write directly from your desktop or mobile device.
Everything you write is saved automatically. Each note has a unique URL which you can share with your friends to edit as well, or keep to access later!


System Error
Create Invitation for the Respect Network.
Invite code generated by
CSP
Enter your cloud name to be associated with the invite
Invitation URL with invite code for your friends and family.
Input is incorrect


Hello {{User.name}} Welcome To Educaper First Mockup Demo
you logged in as : {{User.role}}
for better diplaying experience we recommand using a tablet or the website !!
for more d3 charts
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Placeholder for pie chart
for more highcharts charts


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block title %} CraftTechSolution - Best mobile solutions designing company in kenya {% endblock %} {% block navbar %} {% include "navbar.html" %} {% endblock %} {% block slideshow %} {% include "slideshow.html" %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Mobile app development services have become mainstream with mobile penetrating in all aspects of day-to-day life. We at CraftTechSolution have been delighting clients by providing custom mobile app development services that excel at features and design alike. Started off as a research project almost a decade back our mobility department has come a long way. The mobile engineering department is full of highly accomplished and professionally trained mobile app developers that guarantee quality and usability. Be it native or hybrid apps we use the latest platforms, agile development model and research backed project execution workflows to build your apps so that you can get the maximum return on your investment. Having built more than 500 apps our experienced team has worked with diverse domains ranging from education to social media and healthcare. When you build your project with us you certainly stand to gain and are at an advantage.
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6. Mobility Solutions that emphasizes business transformation and speed to market
7. Upgrade apps with the changing platforms to gain maximum functionality and features


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|
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| PREV NEXT | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
| ie.ucd.* |
|---|
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ADC_CHANNELS |
8 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_CHANNELS |
4 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_FREQUENCY_48KHZ |
0 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_FREQUENCY_96KHZ |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
FRAMES |
82 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ADC_CHANNEL_BIT_LENGTH |
3 |
public static final int |
ADC_CHANNEL_BIT_POSITION |
8 |
public static final int |
ADC_ENABLE_BIT_POSITION |
5 |
public static final int |
ADC_POSITION |
2 |
public static final int |
ADC_USED_BIT_POSITION |
6 |
public static final int |
ADC_VALID_BIT_POSITION |
7 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_ENABLE_BIT_POSITION |
0 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_FREQUENCY_BIT_LENGTH |
15 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_FREQUENCY_BIT_POSITION |
14 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_POSITION |
4 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_VALID_BIT_POSITION |
1 |
public static final int |
IRD_BIT_POSITION |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ACCELEROMETER_X_POSITION |
10 |
public static final int |
ACCELEROMETER_Y_POSITION |
12 |
public static final int |
ACCELEROMETER_Z_POSITION |
14 |
public static final int |
ADC_DATA_OFFSET |
34 |
public static final int |
CENTISECONDS_POSITION |
23 |
public static final int |
COUNTER_POSITION |
30 |
public static final int |
DATE_POSITION |
-1 |
public static final int |
FRAME_LENGTH |
12 |
public static final int |
HOURS_POSITION |
20 |
public static final int |
LENGTH |
1024 |
public static final int |
LIGHT_LEVEL_POSITION |
8 |
public static final int |
MINUTES_POSITION |
21 |
public static final int |
PATTERN_OFFSET |
1018 |
public static final int |
PRESSURE_POSITION |
6 |
public static final int |
SECONDS_POSITION |
22 |
public static final int |
SUPPLY_CURRENT_POSITION |
18 |
public static final int |
SUPPLY_VOLTAGE_POSITION |
16 |
public static final int |
TEMPERATURE_POSITION |
4 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final String |
BUFFER_PACKETS_PROPERTY |
"bufferPackets" |
public static final String |
NOT_VALID_MAXIMUM_DATA_PROPERTY |
"notValidMaximumData" |
public static final String |
TRIM_PACKETS_PROPERTY |
"trimPackets" |
public static final String |
VALIDATE_MINIMUM_PACKETS_PROPERTY |
"validateMinimumPackets" |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
protected static final long |
serialVersionUID |
221197L |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
AMPER |
0 |
public static final int |
CELSIUS |
5 |
public static final int |
DECIBEL |
4 |
public static final int |
KHERTZ |
3 |
public static final int |
LUX |
7 |
public static final int |
MVOLT |
2 |
public static final int |
PASCAL |
6 |
public static final int |
VOLT |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
protected static final long |
serialVersionUID |
221198L |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
MEMS |
2 |
public static final int |
PFPS |
0 |
public static final int |
SMA |
1 |
public static final int |
TCMOS |
3 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
PCC |
1 |
public static final int |
PEC |
0 |
public static final int |
PJU |
3 |
public static final int |
PVC |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
APS |
0 |
public static final int |
DPS |
3 |
public static final int |
GPS |
1 |
public static final int |
SPS |
4 |
public static final int |
VPS |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ACCEL_X |
3 |
public static final int |
ACCEL_Y |
4 |
public static final int |
ACCEL_Z |
5 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_FREQUENCY_48KHZ |
48 |
public static final int |
AUDIO_FREQUENCY_96KHZ |
96 |
public static final int |
LIGHT |
1 |
public static final int |
PRESS |
2 |
public static final int |
THERM |
0 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
CCEM |
8 |
public static final int |
CMS |
1 |
public static final int |
DMS |
0 |
public static final int |
FOS |
3 |
public static final int |
LMS |
4 |
public static final int |
LQMS |
5 |
public static final int |
MEMS |
6 |
public static final int |
PMS |
2 |
public static final int |
SMS |
7 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
NTC |
0 |
public static final int |
PTC |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
PROX |
0 |
public static final int |
RANG |
1 |
|
|||||||||
| PREV NEXT | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


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Happiness
[3.5/4.0]
The title of this film might be initially misleading. It is not a happy story, but rather, happiness is missing from the lives of most of the characters. The story is based around three sisters, Trish, Helen, and Joy. Also involved are their parents, Mona and Lenny, plus Helen's neighbor Allen.
Trish, the eldest, is married to a successful therapist, Bill. While Bill is a good husband and a caring father, he is a very disturbed individual, and has hidden his destructive problem from everyone. Helen is a successful writer who often feels inadequate, and that perhaps she is a pretentious fraud. Joy is the youngest, and her family always thought she might not amount to anything. It appears they were right because Joy is approaching 30, is lonely and single, has no career, and is sweet but generally unfocused. After many years of marriage, Lenny no longer has feelings for Mona (or anything for that matter) and wants to live alone. Allen is a technical professional with no self-esteem. He is neither attractive physically nor in terms of his personality. He is socially inept, and his only relationship with women is making obscene phone calls.
Director Todd Solondz brilliantly guides the many intertwined stories through difficult material. It would have been very easy to let all the misery bloat the characters into cartoonish caricatures, but this never happens. Instead, each character is carefully crafted and developed with the exception of Helen, who is not well realized. Although it is not really a thriller, an amazing amount of tension is produced by slowly unravelling the layers of each character. The film runs a long 134 minutes because of the amount of screen time given all the characters. However, the length is not tedious because although the characters are often extreme in their depravity, the progression of the story is never predictable. For example, when Joy begins a relationship with a refugee student, it is not clear if he will turn out to be genuine, or a scoundrel as some of the other characters are presented.
Highly Recommended. This is an engaging character drama with frequent episodes of black comedy. However, this is a very difficult film to watch. Many disturbing issues are dealt with in a frank manner, and people who would not be comfortable with the strong (perverse) sexual content should avoid this film.
(c) 1999 Murali Krishnan The Art House Squatter http://pages.hotbot.com/movies/murali24/
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


--- layout: blogpost title: Beautiful Belgium - Bruges and Brussels Trip with Studifahrten comments: true date: 28th October 2016 pc: Silva, Prayaag, Alap, Pabitra, Gaurav ---
Another weekend trip! ‘Studifahrten’ group organized a one day trip to Belgium covering the cities ‘Brugges’ and ‘Brussels’. It was really cheap (40 Euros only) so we immediately booked our seats.
The bus arrived in Aachen at midnight after picking up people from other cities. So our group of 5 people couldn’t find seats together and we had to sit separately on the bus. But since it was a short journey we did not mind. We reached Bruges early in the morning and had about 4 hours to explore the town. Bruges is famous for its medieval building, cobbled streets, and canals. We started with a park called ‘Minnewaterpark’ in the south of Bruges. The term ‘minnewater’ literally translates to ‘Lake of Love’ which is at the heart of the park.
There was a bridge across the lake called ‘Lover’s bridge’.  In the park, we saw some metallic statues of horse riders, which looked just like the ‘White Walkers’ from Game of Thrones series and we wondered whether those characters were inspired by these statues.
We walked through the famous cobbled streets of Bruges to reach the central area of the city.
Suddenly the sky got covered with dark clouds and it started raining. We had to take shelter below the canopies of street-shops. Fortunately, the rain stopped within 15 minutes and we continued our tour across Brugges. The trees in the city had turned into beautiful colors of Autumn. We went past the Statue-of-John-of-Nepomuk and Belfry of Bruges (a medieval bell tower) on the way.
The ‘Burg Square’ and ‘Marketplace’ at the center of the city were crowded places, mainly due to tourists and local vendors. The Marketplace had a monument of Jan Breydel and Pieter de Coninch (who in 1302 played a major role in the Flemish resistance against the French King).
In the market, we saw the famous Belgian chocolate shops but decided to buy chocolates later in Brussels.
We walked through the city and were taken aback by the spectacular canals! Brugges is sometimes also referred to as ‘The Venice of the North!
We spent about an hour walking across the bridges on canals and enjoying the view. The city was now waking up to a lazy Saturday morning and we saw the trademark horse-carts operated by women carrying people across the city.
On our way back to the bus pick up spot, we stumbled across a Beer museum which had some interesting quotes written on a wall full of beer bottles (I completely disagree with the quotes though :P)
We assembled at the pickup spot near Minnerva Park at noon and after having our trip-special lunch of pasta and Nutella sandwiches, left for our next destination: Brussels, the capital and largest city of Belgium and the capital of European Union.


- id - Variable in class botLot.lotGraph.LotEdge
-
The id of the edge, required for normal graph operation.
- id - Variable in class botLot.lotGraph.LotNode
-
The Id of the node, required before setting edges
- idIsUnique(char, String) - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotGraph
-
Determines if the id given is unique in the data set.
- idSaltRange - Static variable in class botLot.lotGraph.LotGraph
-
The max value of new ids' salts.
- infSizeFlag - Variable in class botLot.lotGraph.LotEdge
-
Flag to denote this should be treated as a path with infinite size.
- infSizeFlag - Variable in class botLot.lotGraph.LotPath
-
Flag to denote this should be treated as a path with infinite size.
- isDatabaseSource(String) - Static method in class botLot.dataSource.BotLotDS
-
Determines if the string entered denotes a database data source.
- isEmpty() - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotGraph
-
Checks to see if the node list is empty
- isFull() - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotNode
-
Determines if the node is full.
- isFullAndConnected() - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotNode
-
Determines if the node is full, and edges all have nodes.
- isLonger(LotEdge) - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotEdge
-
Determines if this edge is longer than the edge given.
- isLonger(LotPath) - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotPath
-
Determines if this path is longer than the path given.
- isNotEmpty() - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotGraph
-
Checks to see if the node list is not empty
- isSettled(LotNode) - Method in class botLot.pathFinding.Algorithms.BotLotPFDijkstra
-
Determines if the node given is setled, i.e., in the settledNodes
- isShorter(LotEdge) - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotEdge
-
Determines if this edge is shorter than the edge given.
- isShorter(LotPath) - Method in class botLot.lotGraph.LotPath
-
Determines if this path is shorter than the path given.
- isValidConnectionData(String) - Method in class botLot.dataSource.BotLotDS
-
Tests if the XML data (As a string) is valid and makes a valid connection string.


--- title: NumPy and Matplotlib examples keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar nb_path: "venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nbconvert/tests/files/notebook2.ipynb" ---
First import NumPy and Matplotlib:
%matplotlib inline
import matplotlib
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
print(matplotlib.backends.backend)
from IPython.display import set_matplotlib_formats
set_matplotlib_formats('png', 'pdf')
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (2,1)
ip.display_formatter.formatters['application/pdf'].type_printers
import numpy as np
Now we show some very basic examples of how they can be used.
a = np.random.uniform(size=(100,100))
a.shape
evs = np.linalg.eigvals(a)
evs.shape
Here is a cell that has both text and PNG output:
plt.hist(evs.real)
import math
import numpy as np
def matrix_calc(L=None):
"""docstring"""
if L is None: L = np.random.random(size=(1,1)) raise Exception("message")
This string contains a strikethrough, struckthrough.
This string contains a '
single tick inside backticks, leading to a \textquotesingle
in latex.


ANC Finder is a project in Washington, D.C. to strengthen our unique hyper-local level of government called Advisory Neighborhood Commissions (ANCs).
This is a project of Code for DC. We’re volunteers interested in using technology to solve problems in our civic lives. The site is a work in progress.
The source code for this website is on github.


info
The team of resourceful designers at Anusol could not ignore the real fans of the brand and have developed several posters for private, home use. Decorate your bedrooms, kitchens, offices with our posters! They will add style, comfort and extra charm to your home! Our posters will be a great gift for friends, parents and colleagues.


Detects when a private field is declared and/or assigned a value, but not used.
This rule is deprecated, use {rule:squid:S1068} instead.


Hello folks
I've recently re-implemented a new EmonCMS with version 9.2 - many thanks for the great enhancements - I particularly love the pre-built SD image with EmonCMS, Node-Red with OpenHAB and Mosquitto already installed. I've been building a nice Node-Red script to grap details from the Current Cost in home monitor via the Raspberry Pi USB/Serial and push them to MQTT/EmonCMS if anyone is interested.
I have a few "input devices", including counting how many clicks my gas meter makes in 30s intervals. What I'd like to do is count how many click occur in one day. I've played with Accumulate, and Daily High - but can't find a way of getting the counter to reset each day. Am I missing something?
Looks like some nice new features in the process list (SKIP, RESET, SCHEDULE, etc.) which may help - but I've not been able to find too many examples of how they are used.
Hope this makes sense. Any help gratefully received.
Keep up the great work to all those who contribute.
Mike
Re: Accumulate and sum events in EmonPi 9.2
Hello Mike, rather than reset the accumulator in a feed you can use the bargraph visualisation to extract daily data, there's an example at the bottom of this blog post: http://openenergymonitor.blogspot.co.uk/2014/08/monitoring-solarpv-heatp...
Essentially, it requests the total at the end of the day and calculates the daily accumulation as the difference between the end and start of the day.
Re: Accumulate and sum events in EmonPi 9.2
Hello Trystan - I really appreciate your (very) prompt feedback and advice on my question.
I am struggling to reproduce the technique you reference in the blog. As mentioned - I'm using a pretty vanilla version of the V9.2 SD image for the Raspberry Pi. The version I'm using doesnt seem to enable creating feeds with PHPFIWA - its disabled.
I've tried with the PHPFINA, but for some reason the Viz always displays a blank chart - so I must be missing a step.
Is PHPFIWA required to make the technique you reference work?
Thanks again.
Mike