[generate barebones openresty applications from the command line]
It's nginx we know and love
Say you are the maintainer of one of those 23 millions websites [1] that use nginx as their webserver and you see this shiny new thing called openresty and you say to yourself
"Bah! HUMBUG! I can't afford to break my pretty nginx configurations!! Humbug! BAH!"
I understand the feeling pretty well,ah yes. It's a dilemma faced by many nginx enthusiasts who hear about openresty for the first time. "Should we migrate or should we stay with nginx?" But they miss the point. Openresty won't force you to rewrite and retest your existing configurations. Openresty is nginx. Or maybe I should say it's nginx +
Bundled together with some well tested third party modules and integrated with luajit it gives the developers the ability to program nginx. Yes I said program. Now you are not just limited to configuring the webserver (although you can still use it that way) but you can actually write code. And we are not talking about writing code in some some weird pseudo language that nginx gives you by default. We are talking about a real programming language. We are talking about lua.
 Your existing configuration will continue to work with openresty. You might need to do some additional work if you've installed third party modules. Even then there is a pretty good possibility that your favorite module comes bundled in with openresty. In the worst case scenario you might need to install those bundles again but the default stuff works out of the box. And that makes for a damn smooth migration.
Fast
I know nginx is fast. You know nginx is fast. Everybody knows nginx is fast. The question is "Is it still fast with lua?"
Yes it is, it seems . Openresty uses luajit to compile lua code. The code compiled with lua jit is damn fast reaching almost c levels of performance.
Low memory footprint
I know nginx's memory footprint is small. You know that nginx's memory footprint is small. Everybody knows that nginx's memory footprint is small. The question is Is it still small with lua?
Yes it is. It seems. Here's an old benchmark done by the author of openresty.
Below is the result using the command http_load -p 10 -s 5 http://localhost:8080/ on my ThinkPad T400 laptop with ngx_openresty <IP_ADDRESS>:
139620 fetches, 10 max parallel, 1.67544e+06 bytes, in 5.00001 seconds 12 mean bytes/connection 27923.9 fetches/sec, 335087 bytes/sec msecs/connect: 0.0531258 mean, 4.076 max, 0.014 min msecs/first-response: 0.258796 mean, 5.353 max, 0.067 min HTTP response codes: code 200 -- 139620
So on my laptop, for only a single worker nginx server, we've got ~28k r/s. The memory footprint of the node process under load is 38.0m VIRT, 2.5m RES.
The same test when repeated for node js gives the following result
And node.js v0.6.1 yields 10k r/s:
51206 fetches, 10 max parallel, 614472 bytes, in 5 seconds 12 mean bytes/connection 10241.2 fetches/sec, 122894 bytes/sec msecs/connect: 0.0356567 mean, 1.316 max, 0.019 min msecs/first-response: 0.916395 mean, 14.236 max, 0.077 min HTTP response codes: code 200 -- 51206
The memory footprint of the node process under load is 629m VIRT, 50m RES.
The low memory footprint of openresty is not surprising when you consider that the other thing that lua jit is famous for,besides it's speed, is it's ability to run in an embedded mode. It seems that the VM is just 115 KB in size. Compared to that when all is said and done this page is about 1 mb in size. Which makes this simple html page heavier than the lua jit vm.
Lua
I know that lua... you know that lua... everybody knows that lua... wait this won't work here. Let's try something else.
Openresty uses lua as the programming language. Now lua lets you do some pretty cool things like allowing you to return multiple values from a function (which is used brilliantly, by the way, in the ngx.location.capture api), declare multiple variables on a single line, using co routines to pause and start the execution of functions etc. And you can do all of these cool things using a very familiar syntax,with decent support of third party libraries.
But there are a couple of things that can be off putting to a person just starting out. Like for example array indices that start with 1. No support for ternary operators. For some people it can be a bit too verbose with all those end statements.
But these "problems", if you want to call it that, is just a matter of getting used to the language. The only serious difficulty that I had while I was learning lua was getting my head around array indices that start with 1. Once you get used to lua,which should be pretty quick anyways, you wouldn't mind these petty things.
Lua makes sense as a language of choice for openresty because it's highly embeddable and it has luajit.  Hot Damn!
*by_lua directives
You get to use all the sweet goodness of lua in the *by_lua directives of openresty.
These directives do different things depending upon the context they are run in. The
lua_code_cache
directive for instance turns the caching of lua code
on/off. That might increase the performance of our program but it does not let us sample
the sweet goodness of lua in nginx.
For that take a look at access_by_lua directive which allows you to do some lua processing during the access phase of an nginx request. Or rewrite_by_lua directive that allows you to inject lua into the nginx rewrite request phase.
Cool right? At the very least these directives should give you a good excuse to learn more about the http request processing phases of nginx so you can inject lua code and hack it.
location /hello_world{
content_by_lua '
ngx.say("Hello world")
'
}
"Code inside strings is ugly yuck! yuck! yuck!"
Calm down old fellow. I believe that saying yuck! one time is quite enough to convey the feeling of repugnance that a programmer feels when he has to write code embedded in strings.
I will concede that emotions run high when the debugger fails to tell on exactly what line the error has occurred. And in this situation it is quite okay to say yuck! yuck! to emphasize that the disgust is quite strong.
But in my opinion saying yuck! yuck! yuck! three times in quick succession helps no one. I mean to say that the feeling of strong disgust has already been conveyed by saying "yuck!" two times and a third utterance of the word yuck! only weakens the effect. In fact I believe that it would be far more powerful to say "yuck" and just leave it hanging there. Don't even use an exclamation mark to close it off. Imagine Alan Rickman saying Yuck and try to capture that effect when you speak.
With that out of the way... you don't need to use strings to write lua code. You can have your all your lua code in a file and reference the file using the *by_lua_file directives. All *by_lua directives have an equivalent *by_lua_file directive as well so you are not really bound to single choice. Or if you insist upon in lining your lua code you'd find the *by_lua_block directives ,that allow you to write lua code inside "{}", quite useful. That clears up the clouds I hope :)
ngx.location.capture.multi --the ultimate api mashup tool
ngx.location.capture.multi is easily my favorite thing about openresty. In simple terms it allows you to make synchronous yet non blocking sub requests to nginx's location blocks.
"Okay so what's so cool about it?"
Well here's what's cool. You know how location blocks can use proxy_pass directives to pass requests to different servers, right? With location capture api you can get a response from the proxied server in your code. The implication of this is that you can have multiple services deployed in different locations and make requests to them from lua.
Think microservices. Let's say your application has different services for authentication, billing and notification operations.You can have these services proxied with nginx locations and access them cleanly in lua with location.capture.
The good thing about proxying through locations is that you can use the same method to proxy both external and internal systems. For example say you are building a system that requires calling external apis of mailchimp, paypal and amazon. To make these api's available all you need to do is configure their respective location blocks in exactly the same way as you did for your internal microservices. And that's all. You can now start making requests to the apis from your lua code.
Simplified application architecture
The lua directives offer a clean separation of the request coming in to nginx. To be precise nginx has a well defined cycle which a request must go through before a final response is sent. What openresty offers is the ability to inject lua code into these request phases.
So for example an access_by_lua handler can allow you to inject lua while nginx processes a request in an access phase. Effectively what this does is it allows you to write arbitrary code that can reject a request then and there before it moves on to other handlers. This is very useful if you want to reject unauthorized access to a location block or configure a blacklist of ip addresses or impose other restrictions on the service of a request.
location / {
access_by_lua_block {
local headers = ngx.req.get_headers()
local uname_pass = 'abc:def'
if headers["Authorization"] ~= "Basic "..ngx.encode_base64(uname_pass) then
ngx.header["WWW-Authenticate"]="Basic"
ngx.req.clear_header("Authorization")
return ngx.exit(ngx.HTTP_UNAUTHORIZED)
end
ngx.exit(ngx.OK)
}
}
"But exactly how does it simplify the architecture"
First the practice of code reusablity is highly encouraged. Once you have written an access rule you can reuse the same code by referencing it from different access_by_lua file directive.
Second it allows you to think of your code in terms of request processing phase handlers cleanly breaking down each action and tying it down to a particular handler. So your authorization/authentication code, as seen in the example above, will be handled and run by the access_directive.
"Is access_by_lua the only directive that is available"
No no of course not. I have a bit of soft spot for access_by_lua handler so I've talked about it quite a few times. But there's a long list of directives available that can be used to inject lua code during different phases of execution in the openresty readme .
A good mix of configurability and programability
A definitive advantage that you get with nginx is the number of things that you can do with the modules that are already available.
Being a proxy server nginx allows you to, with one or two lines of configuration, set block lists for ip addresses,route requests to different handlers or maybe configure the security headers for your application.
Openresty lets you do more or perform things that were not possible or difficult to do with just nginx configuration directives. So if you find that a module is not measuring up to your expectations you can always roll up your sleeves and write some lua code to do it yourself.
Unified proxy and Application servers
Where as before you had to maintain different proxy and application servers openresty gives you an opportunity to unify them.
If you already have an existing application server openresty gives you the benefit of offloading some of the minor but resource consuming tasks to it and take some pressure off of your main machine. Offloading user authentication to openresty for example is one of the most impactful things that you can do to take the load off of your main servers. In such a scenario all requests can be checked for authentication before passing them to your main servers and in case it's unauthorized it can be rejected at the proxy level itself.
Or maybe you could have openresty validate your data before you pass them to your servers so you can be sure that whatever data that comes through the proxy is clean and ready to be used as it is.
In general by using openresty ,instead of plain old nginx, you get to have more options.
Concurrency --saved the best for the last
Openresty is damn concurrent. Each nginx worker process comes with it's own instance of lua jit to compile the lua code. The worker processes are responsible for listening to the requests coming in and then passing them along to the phase handlers. These phase handlers themselves are run in independent light weight threads. So there can be multiple execution endpoints per lua jit instance This combination of multiple lua jit vms and each vm running multiple light weight threads makes it damn hard to write blocking code in openresty. Though it is still possible if you put some serious effort into it.
[1] "You pulled that number out of your ass?"
I certainly did not! I feel offended that the idea even crossed your mind. Like any responsible writer when I put a number like this on an article you can be certain of the fact that I did a google search and accepted the count that came out of the first result without doing any kind of cross checking or verifying the validity of the statistic. You may accuse me of laziness but I'm certainly not "pulling numbers out of ass" type.
-- Akshat Jiwan Sharma,staticshin


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誓言第一部分：
Military Oath Part I:
==============================================
我们承诺为言论自由而战斗， 我们承诺为每个人的生命、自由和有限的个人财产的安全而战斗。 We promise to fight for freedom of speech, we promise to fight for every one's life, liberty, and for his/her not un-limited private property,
可选第二部分誓言： Optional Part II
我们为正义抗争， 为了今后每个人可以尊重人的肉体和精神， 为了让社会恢复常识与人性， 为了自己和后代可以得到做人的尊严， 为了推翻暴政，我们必须战斗。 We are protesters for righteous, we fight for human body and spirit can get respect, to restore common sense and humanity, for ourselves and next generations who can get chance to be respected, to overthrow tyranny, we must fight.
可选的第三部分，你自己的思想： Part III, must not be conflict with the above:
在这里可以留下个人自己的誓言...... If needed, speak out your own thoughts...
武器：
Weapons:
==============================================
刀与火， 然后收集和制造更先进的武器，武装更多人民。 瞄准反人类政府， 清空人质后点燃整个政府建筑， 尽快尽多。 Knife & Fire, and get more advanced weapons. Aiming at dictator's power structure, empty hostages then burn the whole building.
方法论与组织结构：
Method & Organize:
==============================================
谋动知行， 谋定则动， 认知情况的变化， 知行合一。 PDCA, Plan Do Check Act Cycle
组织方法： 班排连营团... 德才配位，汇编成为大部队。 Military organization style, do it yourself, assemble into big army.
迅速组织集会游行，人越多越好，但是记住：敢为天下争公义的永远是少数人。 Assemble as many protesters as possible, but remember there are only a few among population who'd like to fight for the righteous.
本地议会:
Local Congress:
中国人没有国民议会传统， 在起义期间， 战时议会请遵守以下前提条件， -, 全力支援起义者。 -, 成为本地政府工作的监督者。 -, 保证言论自由，包括新闻自由，保持常识和理智。 Chinese people has no experience of local congress running, please obey at least the following rules before we fully crash dictatorship, must support uprising, fully support to overthrow tyrannies, overview the local goverment, guard the freedom of speech, including a free social media, keep common sense and be reasonable. If needed, re-elect congress men/women and keep it trustable to represent local people.
议会有立法权，请把宪法写简单一些：
Suggestion on institution writing:
保持简单，写给正常人， 让一个中学生用一个小时看懂。 让普通人可以判断是与非，真与假。 符合历史的同时也要写给未来， 要尊重现实也要有无须现实证明的信念。
起义就是正义， 如何审判起义的正义性的问题不在战时议会的权限内， 胜利后以社会辩论和全民公投裁决起义者。
没有两个人有一模一样的思想， 不要求100%的认同， 用常识寻找良知。 没有言论自由和学术自由的社会也没有资格审判起义者。
Keep it simple, make it for normal people, be sure an middle school student can understand it. Let average citizen can say Yes or No, make sure he/she can tell True or False. Make the basic law respect the history and be able to face the future, be on earth and make it provable but in same time we have belief beyond logical proving.
When tyranny becomes law rebellion becomes duty, Local congress should not judge the uprising until new institution installed and new government proved to be capable to run, then we can be judged by poll of qulified citizens.
No one can be exactly same as another, we ask no 100% to be recognized, we use common sense to fight a chance for people to say their own language and judge true or false by their own heart. The society has no freedom of speech also has no right to judge our fighters.
END
Ref.
I do solemnly swear (or affirm) that
I will faithfully execute the office of
President of the United States,
and will to the best of my ability,
preserve, protect and defend the Constitution of the United States.
(US President oath)
GUN
1, rifle: single barrel, bleech loading，bolt action, Springfield M1903 2, how to deal with dirty tricks, such as exploding ammunition, (or spiked ammu) those bullets get sabotage, and might explode in barrel


type: page title: Programme slug: programme body_class_hack: talks ---
The Call For Participation for talks and workshops has closed, and we hope to announce the programme by the beginning of July. When selecting the programme, we will aim to choose sessions that promise to be interesting and enjoyable, while ensuring the line-up is as varied and balanced as possible.
This year we will be adding a poster session to PyCon UK. Poster sessions are great chances to present a topic with the aid of a poster, and to interact with small groups of people in a more informal and relaxed way than a formal talk.
Posters will be accepted for the poster session on a rolling basis until 1 August or the limit of 20 posters is reached. And yes, talk proposals which are not accepted can be reworked and submitted as posters.
For more information about the poster session, visit the poster session page.
Please note that speakers, workshop leaders, and poster presenters are expected to buy tickets, and that we are not able to provide financial assistance to speakers this year.
So, if you'd like to submit a proposal for a talk, a workshop, or a poster please fill out the form below.


  Here’s how.
I know you love marginalization, but you should take care of people.
The HTML tag doesn’t include the lang
attribute in your shitty webpage.
You ever listen to a wrong language screen reader lecture?

And did you let the browser choose the font? Don’t make me read such text with Times New Roman.
Do you revendicate intellectual property? No.

I’m impressed about what the creator of this site’s inspiration did. What I’m saying is that it’s so, so simple to make sites easier to read.
 — Brad Hollande
Inspired by the geniuses behind motherfuckingwebsite.com and bettermotherfuckingwebsite.com.


--- layout: chefs title: Chefs permalink: "/Experience/Chefs/" menuVisibility: "hidden" paragraph: style: 1 text: |
Prepare yourself for something incredible. Bringing together more than 60 top chefs, you'll enjoy the best culinary talents Indy has to offer. Presented by the Food Network, Comcast Spotlight and NBC Sports.
heading: "Savor a Taste of Indy" lrgTextStyle: "middle" ctaBanner: heading: "Get Your Ticket" text: "Don't miss out on the Rev experience" button: "See Ticket Options" link: "/Attend/" style: full ctaLearnMore: heading: "Interested in Learning More?" call: "317.962.2029" email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>chefs: - name: "Abbi Merriss" restaurant: "Bluebeard" paragraph: "Abbi Merriss began her career in Norfolk, Virginia at The Ten Top and Cora. Returning home in 2005, she received a presidential scholarship to the Chef's Academy and earned a degree in Baking and Pastry after interning at P*Ong and working at Falai in NYC. She has since cooked at R Bistro, Recess and served as an instructor at the Chef's Academy." driver: "" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/abbi-merriss.png" - name: "Gwendolyn Rogers" restaurant: "The Cake Bake Shop" paragraph: "Gwendolyn and her Cake Bake Shop have received many awards & recognition. Before opening her shop, she won ‘Best Cake’ at London’s Cake & Bake Show at the Earls Court Convention Center for her chocolate cake." driver: "David Harbor" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/gwendolyn.png" - name: "Rachanee Teipen" restaurant: "Conrad Indianapolis" paragraph: "Prior to joining the Conrad Indianapolis, Rachanee Teipen served as Executive Chef at Thomas Caterers of Distinction in Indianapolis for 11 years. Teipen is a graduate of the Cooking and Hospitality Institute of Chicago with a degree in Le Cordon Bleu Culinary Arts. Teipen has won numerous awards and is a 5-time International CATIE Awards winner." driver: "" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/rach-teipen.png" - name: "Ben Hardy" restaurant: "The Gallery Pastry Shop" paragraph: "Chef Ben Hardy graduated Summa Cum Laude from Le Cordon Bleu International Culinary Academy with a degree in Pastry Arts. He has been a pastry chef for nearly 15 years. He has also received gold and medaled in a multitude of American Culinary Federation competitions, and was most recently inducted into The Disciples of Escoffier elite chef's society." driver: "David Harbor" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/ben.png" - name: "Brad Gates" restaurant: "Hedge Row American Bistro" paragraph: "After training with Jacques Pepin and Alain Sailhac at the French Culinary Institute in New York City, Brad Gates worked in a wide variety of creative restaurants including Union Square Cafe and Tribeca Grill in NY before returning to the midwest. His next culinary adventure is the opening of the Kimbal Musk wood-fired project Hedge Row." driver: "" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/BradGates.png" - name: "Mandy Selke & Carly Swift" restaurant: "Just Pop In!" paragraph: "Just Pop In! was created in 2003 by dynamic twin sisters Mandy & Carly. The girl’s inspiration stemmed from entrepreneurial spirits and nostalgic evenings spent with their grandfather, cooking popcorn over the stove." driver: "David Harbor" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/mandy-carly.png" - name: "Craig Baker" restaurant: "Local Eatery & Pub" paragraph: "Craig is currently a chef/partner in Taco Shop, Bent Rail Brewery and the Local Eatery and Pub. He also was the owner of Ancient Cellars Winery from 2007-2012 when he sold it to his brother to continue the family traditions." driver: "David Harbor" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/craig.png" - name: "Casey Schaefer" restaurant: "McFarling Foods" paragraph: "Born and raised in Indianapolis, Casey Schaefer graduated from Marian University and worked in education before receiving a certificate from the International Culinary School. She has since served as Chef Partner for Buca di Beppo and District Chef with Hoosier Hospitality Group. She joined McFarling Foods in 2016 to help restaurateurs develop menus." driver: "" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/casey-schaefer.png" - name: "Carlos Salazar" restaurant: "Rook" paragraph: "A love of Asian cuisine combined with helping run one of Indy’s top restaurants, and the time spent with his family gives Chef Carlos a unique style and vision. “I want to redefine Asian street food and elevate it to a dining experience that is creative and modern,” he says. “Street food, when executed well, is about simple but bold and exciting flavors.”" driver: "David Harbor" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/chef-1.png" - name: "Brian Pleasant" restaurant: "Willows on Westfield" paragraph: "Brian Plesant has worked in restaurants, hotels, and country clubs before coming to Crystal Catering where he began as a sous chef for The Indiana Roof Ballroom. Brian then moved to Executive Chef of both The Willows on Westfield, the Lodge at The Willows & The Crane Bay Event Center. He also oversees all off premise catering from The Willows. " driver: "" imageUrl: "/assets/images/chefs/BrianPleasant.png" sponsors: backgroundColor: "transparent" sponsorImages: - name: "The Food Network" image: "/assets/images/sponsors/FoodNetwork_gradient_tm.svg" - name: "Comcast Spotlight" image: "/assets/images/sponsors/Comcast_Spotlight_4c_black_red.svg" - name: "NBC Sports" image: "/assets/images/sponsors/NBCSN.svg" ---


Routing DSL Overview
The Akka HTTP Low-Level Server-Side API provides a Flow
- or Function
-level interface that allows an application to respond to incoming HTTP requests by simply mapping requests to responses (excerpt from Low-level server side example):
final Function<HttpRequest, HttpResponse> requestHandler =
new Function<HttpRequest, HttpResponse>() {
private final HttpResponse NOT_FOUND =
HttpResponse.create()
.withStatus(404)
.withEntity("Unknown resource!");
@Override
public HttpResponse apply(HttpRequest request) throws Exception {
Uri uri = request.getUri();
if (request.method() == HttpMethods.GET) {
if (uri.path().equals("/")) {
return
HttpResponse.create()
.withEntity(ContentTypes.TEXT_HTML_UTF8,
"Hello world!");
} else if (uri.path().equals("/hello")) {
String name = uri.query().get("name").orElse("Mister X");
return
HttpResponse.create()
.withEntity("Hello " + name + "!");
} else if (uri.path().equals("/ping")) {
return HttpResponse.create().withEntity("PONG!");
} else {
return NOT_FOUND;
}
} else {
return NOT_FOUND;
}
}
};
While it’d be perfectly possible to define a complete REST API service purely by inspecting the incoming HttpRequest
this approach becomes somewhat unwieldy for larger services due to the amount of syntax “ceremony” required. Also, it doesn’t help in keeping your service definition as DRY as you might like.
As an alternative Akka HTTP provides a flexible DSL for expressing your service behavior as a structure of composable elements (called Directives) in a concise and readable way. Directives are assembled into a so called route structure which, at its top-level, can be used to create a handler Flow
(or, alternatively, an async handler function) that can be directly supplied to a bind
call.
Here’s the complete example rewritten using the composable high-level API:
import akka.NotUsed;
import akka.actor.ActorSystem;
import akka.http.javadsl.ConnectHttp;
import akka.http.javadsl.Http;
import akka.http.javadsl.ServerBinding;
import akka.http.javadsl.model.ContentTypes;
import akka.http.javadsl.model.HttpEntities;
import akka.http.javadsl.model.HttpRequest;
import akka.http.javadsl.model.HttpResponse;
import akka.http.javadsl.server.AllDirectives;
import akka.http.javadsl.server.Route;
import akka.stream.ActorMaterializer;
import akka.stream.javadsl.Flow;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.util.concurrent.CompletionStage;
public class HighLevelServerExample extends AllDirectives {
public static void main(String[] args) throws IOException {
// boot up server using the route as defined below
ActorSystem system = ActorSystem.create();
final HighLevelServerExample app = new HighLevelServerExample();
final Http http = Http.get(system);
final ActorMaterializer materializer = ActorMaterializer.create(system);
final Flow<HttpRequest, HttpResponse, NotUsed> routeFlow = app.createRoute().flow(system, materializer);
final CompletionStage<ServerBinding> binding = http.bindAndHandle(routeFlow, ConnectHttp.toHost("localhost", 8080), materializer);
System.out.println("Type RETURN to exit");
System.in.read();
binding
.thenCompose(ServerBinding::unbind)
.thenAccept(unbound -> system.terminate());
}
public Route createRoute() {
// This handler generates responses to `/hello?name=XXX` requests
Route helloRoute =
parameterOptional("name", optName -> {
String name = optName.orElse("Mister X");
return complete("Hello " + name + "!");
});
return
// here the complete behavior for this server is defined
// only handle GET requests
get(() -> route(
// matches the empty path
pathSingleSlash(() ->
// return a constant string with a certain content type
complete(HttpEntities.create(ContentTypes.TEXT_HTML_UTF8, "Hello world!"))
),
path("ping", () ->
// return a simple `text/plain` response
complete("PONG!")
),
path("hello", () ->
// uses the route defined above
helloRoute
)
));
}
}
The core of the Routing DSL becomes available with a single import:
import static akka.http.javadsl.server.Directives.*;
Or by extending the akka.http.javadsl.server.AllDirectives
class which brings together all directives into a single class for easier access:
extends AllDirectives
Of course it is possible to directly import only the directives you need (i.e. WebSocketDirectives
etc).


GetFieldReturns the contents of fieldName.Use this function to get the contents of fieldName, or in any function that uses a field, such as NPV, GetSummary, GetRepetition, or the aggregate functions.
• GetField(“Arrow”) returns Target. Notice the use of quotation marks around Arrow to indicate the literal string is the fieldName parameter.
• GetField(Arrow) returns Bullseye. Notice the absence of quotation marks to indicate the value stored in the Arrow field is the fieldName parameter.
• GetField(“FirstName”)&“ ”&GetField(“LastName”) returns the text string Jane Public.GetSummary(GetField(“Field1”), GetField(“Field” & “2”)) performs a summary on the summary field Field1, using a break field of Field2.


| Top |
| GtkPropagationPhase | propagation-phase | Read / Write |
| GtkWidget * | widget | Read / Write / Construct Only |
GtkEventController is a base, low-level implementation for event controllers. Those react to a series of GdkEvents, and possibly trigger actions as a consequence of those.
GtkPropagationPhase
gtk_event_controller_get_propagation_phase
(GtkEventController *controller
);
Gets the propagation phase at which controller
handles events.
Since: 3.14
void gtk_event_controller_set_propagation_phase (GtkEventController *controller
,GtkPropagationPhase phase
);
Sets the propagation phase at which a controller handles events.
If phase
is GTK_PHASE_NONE
, no automatic event handling will be
performed, but other additional gesture maintenance will. In that phase,
the events can be managed by calling gtk_event_controller_handle_event()
.
Since: 3.14
gboolean gtk_event_controller_handle_event (GtkEventController *controller
,const GdkEvent *event
);
Feeds an events into controller
, so it can be interpreted
and the controller actions triggered.
Since: 3.14
GtkWidget *
gtk_event_controller_get_widget (GtkEventController *controller
);
Returns the GtkWidget this controller relates to.
Since: 3.14
void
gtk_event_controller_reset (GtkEventController *controller
);
Resets the controller
to a clean state. Every interaction
the controller did through “handle-event”
will be dropped at this point.
Since: 3.14
Describes the stage at which events are fed into a GtkEventController.
|
Events are not delivered automatically. Those can be
manually fed through |
||
|
Events are delivered in the capture phase. The capture phase happens before the bubble phase, runs from the toplevel down to the event widget. This option should only be used on containers that might possibly handle events before their children do. |
||
|
Events are delivered in the bubble phase. The bubble phase happens after the capture phase, and before the default handlers are run. This phase runs from the event widget, up to the toplevel. |
||
|
Events are delivered in the default widget event handlers, note that widget implementations must chain up on button, motion, touch and grab broken handlers for controllers in this phase to be run. |
Since: 3.14
“propagation-phase”
property“propagation-phase” GtkPropagationPhase
The propagation phase at which this controller will handle events.
Flags: Read / Write
Default value: GTK_PHASE_BUBBLE
Since: 3.14


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This site helps validate metadata instances, as part of the NSF project Community Inventory of EarthCube Resources for Geosciences Interoperability (CINERGI). It is based on the OGC Web Testing Facility.
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16 June 2006
The Ministry of Health in China has confirmed the country’s 19th case of human infection with the H5N1 avian influenza virus.
The patient is a 31-year-old man employed as a truck driver in Shenzhen City, Guangdong Province, near the border with Hong Kong. He developed symptoms on 3 June and was hospitalized on 9 June. He remains hospitalized, in critical condition, with severe pneumonia.
Investigation of his source of infection is under way. Preliminary reports indicate the man visited a local market where live poultry are sold on several occasions prior to symptom onset. However, health authorities have not been able to determine whether he was exposed to infected poultry at that market or elsewhere. H5N1 infections in poultry have not been officially reported in the area.
Of the 19 laboratory-confirmed cases in China reported to date, 12 have been fatal.


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Slipknot released a total of six studio albums as of this time. The first of their self-titled studio album Slipknot received positive ratings and attracted a lot of new followers to the band. Nominated for Best Metal Performance for their single "Wait and Bleed", the album featured a variety of musical styles in metal subgenres. The band itself is highly regarded as nu metal. Their first studio album quickly picked up on influences from death metal, thrash, speed metal, alternative metal, industrial metal, and even rap metal. The second studio album Iowa consisted some of Slipknot's most brutal pieces of work. All band members involved in recording the album described the experienced "extreme". There was a lot of aggression put into producing the album, influenced by the members' alcohol abuse, drug problems, and hate all around. Multiple singles off the album were again nominated for Grammys and received another positive ratings. Vol. 3: (The Subliminal Verses) won Slipknot's first Grammy Award for Best Metal Performance off the track "Before I Forget". It was featured on the UK magazine Kerrang!'s "The 50 Best Albums of the 21st Century" as well as on Rock Hard's "The 500 Greatest Rock & Metal Albums of All Time". A few years later, Slipknot released All Hope Is Gone which was the last album to feature the now-deceased bassist Paul Gray and drummer Joey Jordison before his split. The album was just as dark as their previous albums lyrically and it managed to appeal to the fans as always. .5: The Gray Chapter was the first Slipknot album to feature new members, Alessandro Venturella and Jay Weinberg. It was also the band's first album in six years. The album debuted on top of the international weekly charts and continued to receive Grammy nominations for multiple singles. A few years later, Slipknot recorded and release their sixth studio album We Are Not Your Kind without percussionist Chris Fehn. Their latest album was quickly regarded one of Slipknot's greatest releases as it debuted at number 1 on Billboard 200 and other charts. It took almost two years of writing and received another round of positive critical receptions. This is an image gallery. Please click on each album cover to enlarge them. |
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The Java Stop
This is a fictitious restaurant created as part of the HTML Restaurant Lab to allow for
the creation of multiple linked HTML documents. We can create a Home, Menu, and
Contact Us page all for Java Stop.


{% extends "layouts/base.html" %} {% block app_content %}
We connect with your learning management system (LMS) to automatically identify students who are struggling or excelling. Receive weekly emails showing who needs extra help, and who deserves a high five! One email per week, nothing else. No spam, no clunky apps.
{% if not current_user.is_authenticated %} {% endif %}Receive a weekly email showing a snapshot of how your students are doing. Instantly see students who are struggling or excelling.
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Supports the generation of maps based on the results from 'SaTScan' (TM) cluster analysis. The package handles mapping of Spatial and Spatial-Time analysis using the discrete Poisson, Bernoulli, and exponential models of case data generating cluster and location ('GIS') records containing observed, expected and observed/expected ratio for U. S. states (and DC), counties or census tracts of individual states based on the U. S. 'FIPS' codes for state, county and census tracts (locations) using 2000 or 2010 Census areas, 'FIPS' codes, and boundary data. 'satscanMapper' uses the 'SeerMapper' package for the boundary data and mapping of locations. Not all of the 'SaTScan' (TM) analysis and models generate the observed, expected and observed/expected ratio values for the clusters and locations. The user can map the observed/expected ratios for locations (states, counties, or census tracts) for each cluster with a p-value less than 0.05 or a user specified p-value. The locations are categorized and colored based on either the cluster's Observed/Expected ratio or the locations' Observed/Expected ratio. The place names are provided for each census tract using data from 'NCI', the 'HUD' crossover tables (Tract to Zip code) as of December, 2013, the USPS Zip code 5 database for 1999, and manual look ups on the USPS.gov web site.
| Version: | 1.0.1 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.3.0) |
| Imports: | graphics, grDevices, utils, foreign, stringr, RColorBrewer, stats, sp, methods, SeerMapper |
| Published: | 2018-07-05 |
| Author: | Jim Pearson, with support from 'NCI'. |
| Maintainer: | Jim Pearson <jpearson at statnetconsulting.com> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | satscanMapper results |
| Reference manual: | satscanMapper.pdf |
| Package source: | satscanMapper_1.0.1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: satscanMapper_1.0.1.zip, r-release: satscanMapper_1.0.1.zip, r-oldrel: satscanMapper_1.0.1.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: satscanMapper_1.0.1.tgz, r-oldrel: satscanMapper_1.0.1.tgz |
| Old sources: | satscanMapper archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=satscanMapper to link to this page.


101 Best Black Friday and Cyber Monday Beauty Sales You Need to Shop
Best Black Friday/Cyber Monday Skincare Deals
Black Friday and Cyber Monday are officially just a few weeks away (AAAGH, where has 2019 gone?!), and because I know y’all aren’t about to bundle up and stand in line for five hours just to get a half-price face wash, I’ve done the very, very kind thing of rounding up the best Black Friday/Cyber Monday beauty deals to shop.
From 20 percent off the celebrity-loved Shani Darden retinol to 35 percent off all Stila makeup products (yup!), your favorite beauty, skin, makeup, and hair products are about to be incredibly affordable for a few days only.  Then, on Dec. 3, take 25% off (some product and brand exclusions apply)
DHC
- Get 25% off from Nov. 26–Dec. 2 with promo code CYBER19
Eighteen B
- Get 25% off site-wide on Nov. 29, then take 35% off site-wide on Dec. 2
Elemis
- Take 30% off full size products and enjoy a free surprise gift each day from Nov. 27–Dec. 3 when you use the promo code CYBER19
Elizabeth Arden
- Take 20% off site-wide and receive seven deluxe samples with a purchase of $75 or more or spend $100 and receive three additional deluxe samples on Nov. 29. Then, on Dec. 2, take 20% off site-wide and receive six deluxe samples with a purchase of $75 or more or three additional deluxe samples when you spend $100 or more
Fresh
- Take 20% in-stores and online (excluding gift sets) from 8 p.m. on Nov. 28 to Dec. 2 (plus free two-day shipping). From Dec. 3–Dec. 8, receive a seven-piece gift set with a purchase of $100 or more
GlamGlow
- 30% off site-wide from Nov. 26–30, and pick five free samples at checkout from Nov. 28–30. From Dec. 1–3, get 30% off site-wide plus a free sheet mask and free gift on orders of $49 or more
Glow Recipe
- Take 20% off all Glow Recipe products with promo code GLOWGANG20 from Dec. 1–2. From Nov. 28–30, get free shipping on any orders over $10 (plus a free Blueberry Deluxe on orders of $10 and a free Watermelon Sleeping Mask on orders over $80)
Javier Díez Peace Out Dark Spots peaceoutskincare.com $28.00 SHOP NOW
Glo Skin Beauty
- Get 20% orders of $100 or more with promo code BLACKFRIDAY19 from Nov. 26–Dec. 1, then take 25% off entire purchase, no minimum, with promo code CM19 from Dec. 2–3
Goop
- Take 20% select goop products on Nov. 27
I Dew Care
- At Ulta only, take 30% off all I Dew Care products from Nov. 21–23, then take 50% off on Dec. 2
Innisfree
- Take 40% select items from Nov. 25–Dec. 1.  Then, from Dec. 1–Dec. 2, get 25% off automatically and a free Best of Showers Gel Kit when you spend $65 or more and use the promo code CYBER
La Roche-Posay
- Get 25% off all products (plus free shipping) from Nov. 27–30, then take 25% off all products (and free shipping) from Dec. 2–5
L'Occitane
- Get 20% off all full-size items with promo code CYBER from Dec. 1–4
MDNA Skin
- Take 25% off site-wide on both MDNASKIN.us and on Nordstrom.com from Nov. 28–Dec. 4
Megababe
- 20% off site-wide on Nov. 29 and Dec. 2
Macadamia Professional
- 50% off all products on Ulta.com from Nov. 27–Dec. 2, plus buy one, get one free on Dec. 2
Missha
- From Nov. 19–Dec. 2, take 40% off site-wide and get free gifts with purchases for any purchase over $30, $60, and $100
Olay
- Take 25% off site-wide (and free shipping) from Nov. 27 to Dec. 3
Peace Out Skincare
- 30% off site-wide from Nov. 29–Dec. 2 with promo code GIVETHANKS30
Patchology
- 40% off site-wide with promo code BLACK40
Courtesy Image Stacked Skincare Microneedling Face Refining Tool 2.0 stackedskincare.com $62.50 SHOP NOW
Plant Apothecary
- Get 30% off site-wide with promo code BF30 from Nov. 28–Dec. 1, then get 30% off site-wide with promo code CYBER30 on Dec. 2
Renee Rouleau
- Take 10% off site-wide from Nov. 28–Dec. 2
Sand & Sky
- Take up to 40% off site-wide (and receive a free full-size product if you spend over $159) on Nov. 29
The Seaweed Bath Co.
- Get 30% off site-wide from Nov. 26–Dec. 3 with promo code SEAWEED30
Shani Darden
- Get 20% off site-wide from Nov. 28–Dec. 1, no code required
Stacked Skincare
- Take 50% off the Stacked's best-selling Microneedling Tool and Dermaplaning Tool
Starface
- Get 25% site-wide on Nov. 29, then buy one, get one free on Dec. 2
Tan-Luxe
- Take 50% off site-wide from Nov. 27–Dec. 2
Tanologist
- Take 50% off site-wide from Nov. 27–Dec. 2
Tatcha
- From Nov. 28–Dec. 1, play for a chance to get either 20% off your $100 purchase, 15% off your $75 purchase, or two free gifts with orders of $50 or more
Zitsticka
- New customers can take 20% off their purchase with promo code BF20 on Nov. 28–Dec. 1
Best Black Friday/Cyber Monday Makeup Deals
Babe Lash
- Take 40% off site-wide with a purchase of five or more items or take 35% off site-wide with a purchase of up to four items from Nov. 29–Dec. 2
BareMinerals
- 25% off site-wide with promo code ITSON from Nov. 25–30, then get 30% off site-wide from Dec. 1–2 with promo code CYBERSALE
Benefit Cosmetics
- Get 25% off site-wide, plus free shipping (no minimum) from Nov. 26–Nov. 30 and Dec.1–Dec. 3
Ciate
- Take up to 50% off site-wide from Nov. 27–Dec. 2
Coil Beauty
- Take 10%–40% off all products site-wide on Nov. 29
Cover FX
- 30% off site-wide (plus free shipping) from Nov. 26–Dec. 2 (free gifts with purchases, too, depending on how much you spend)
CoverGirl
- From Nov. 28–Dec. 2, CoverGirl will have more than 430 products discounted up to 30% off, all on Amazon
Courtesy Image Kevyn Aucoin The Exotique Diamond Eye Gloss kevynaucoinbeauty.com $38.00 SHOP NOW
The Crème Shop
- Take 20% off site-wide with promo code BLKFRI19 from Nov. 26–Dec. 2
ColoreScience
- From Nov. 28–Dec. 3, get 30% off site-wide plus get a free Cleansing Cloth gift with purchases over $100
Em Cosmetics
- On Dec. 29, get 25% off most products site-wide, then take 20% off most products site-wide on Dec. 2
Essence Makeup
- Take 25% off site-wide with code SATURDAYVIBES on Nov. 30, then take 40% off all orders over $30 with code CYBER on Dec. 2, then take 30% off all orders over $25 with code GREENDAY on Dec. 9
Eos
- From Nov. 25–Dec. 2, get 20% off site-wide, then get all lip balms for $2 (plus free shipping) on Nov. 29
Evo
- Get 15% off site-wide from Nov. 25–Dec. 2
Flower Beauty
- Get 30% off site-wide (plus a free Kabuki brush) from Nov. 25–Nov. 29. Then, on Dec. 2, take 40% off the entire site
Giorgio Armani Beauty
- Receive 20% off on most orders from Nov. 28–Dec. 1 with the promo code TURKEY20. From midnight on Dec. 2 to Dec. 4 at 3 a.m. EST, use the promo code CYBER20 to take 20% off all orders (some exclusions apply)
Grande Cosmetics
- Get 30% off site-wide plus free shipping from Nov. 27–Dec. 3
It Cosmetics
- From Nov. 29–Dec. 1, take 20% off site-wide with promo code THANKFUL and again on Dec. 2 with promo code LETITSHINE. From Dec. 3–8, take 20% off again with code ITCYBERWEEK
Instant Recall smithandcult.com $26.00 SHOP NOW
Josie Maran
- Take 25% off single, regular-priced items from Nov. 27–Dec. 1. Then, on Dec. 2, take 25% off site-wide
Julep
- Take 50% off site-wide (plus free shipping on orders $25 or more) from Nov. 27–Nov. 30. Then, from Dec. 1–Dec. 3, take 60% off site-wide (with free shipping on orders $25 or more)
Kevyn Aucoin
- Get 25% off your order and receive a free Exotique Diamond Eye Gloss in Galaxy when you spend $75 on Nov. 29
Laura Geller
- Get 50% off the Holiday Collection (and free shipping on orders $25 or more) from Nov. 27–Dec. 3. Then, from Dec. 1–Dec. 3, take 60% off site-wide (with free shipping on orders $25 or more)
The Lip Bar
- Take 50% off the entire site on Nov. 29.
Lorac
- Take 40% site-wide and receive a holiday gift with a purchase of $40 or more from Nov. 19–Dec. 1 with the promo code BFLORAC. Then, on Dec. 2, take 50% off site-wide with the code CYBER50
Physicians Formula
- From Nov. 29–Dec. 1, take 40% off site-wide, then get 50% off site-wide on Dec. 2 and 40% off again from Dec. 3–8
PÜR
- From Nov. 22–Dec. 1, buy one, get one free site-wide with promo code SHOPBOGO. Then on Nov. 28, get 50% off site-wide from midnight to noon (with code THANKFUL50), 40% off noon to 5 p.m. (code THANKFUL40), and 30% off after 5 p.m. (code THANKFUL30)
Sio Beauty
- 20% off site-wide (plus free shipping) from Nov. 25–Dec. 3
Smith & Cult
- Take 30% off site-wide from Nov. 27–Dec. 1, plus get a free Instant Recall setting spray with a $25 purchase from Dec. 2–4
Stila
- 35% off site-wide plus free shipping on all orders of $50 or more from Nov. 29–Dec. 1 with promo code BF35. On Dec. 2, get a free two-piece beauty gift on all orders (no minimum spend required)
Temptu
- From Nov. 27–Dec. 2, take 25% off site-wide using promo code FALLFF
Wander Beauty
- On Nov. 27–30, get 20% off orders up to $100 with promo code BF20 and 30% off all orders of $100 or more with code BF30.    Then, on Dec. 2, take 25% off all products
The One by Frédéric Fekkai
- Take 25% off most products site-wide on Nov. 29 (plus free shipping on orders over $100). On Dec. 2, take 30% site-wide, plus get free shipping on orders over $75
Phyto Paris
- Get 40% off site-wide on all products on Nov. 29
R+Co
- Take 20% off site-wide from Nov. 29 to Dec. 1 with promo code BLACK20. Then, on Dec. 2, take 25% off site-wide with promo code CYBER25
Seen
- Receive 20% off at HelloSeen.com from Nov. 29–Dec. 2
Virtue
- Get 25% off site-wide and free shipping on most products from Nov. 25–Dec. 2. Virtue will also donate $1 to She’s the First for every purchase made through Dec. 3
Best Black Friday/Cyber Monday Misc. Deals
Bastide
- From Nov. 22–Nov. 27, take 15% off site-wide, then take 20% off from Nov. 28–Dec. 1, and 25% off on Dec. 2
Côte
- Take 50% off site-wide on Dec. 2
Crest
- Take $50 off when you buy two light kits and receive a free toothpaste from Nov. 28–Dec. 6 with the promo code BLACKFRIDAY. Then, on Dec. 2, BOGO on all light kits with promo code CYBERKIT
Dashing Diva
- Get 30% off site-wide from Nov. 27–Dec. 1 using promo code DIVA30. Then, on Dec. 2, take 40% off site-wide with promo code DIVA40
Jinsoon
- Take 25% site-wide from Nov. 29–Dec. 1 using promo code FRIYAY25. On Dec. 2, get $5 individual shades and $10 sets with promo code CyberLove
Lashify
- 15% off site-wide with promo code CYBERX15 on Dec. 2, plus free shipping for orders of $150
This Works
- Get up to 30% off site-wide from Nov. 26–Nov. 29. Then, from Nov. 30–Dec. 2, take up to 30% off site-wide and receive a gift with your purchase
Tweezerman
- From Nov. 29–Dec. 2, take 10% off (plus free shipping) on all orders and get a free tweezer engraving. On Dec. 3, take 10% (plus free shipping) and get a free Mini Slant Tweezer with the code GIVING2019
Zoya
- Get 50% off site-wide with promo code CYBER19 on Dec. 2. Also, buy two polishes and get two free with promo code BLKFRDY19 on Nov. 29
Chloe Metzger Senior Beauty Editor Chloe Metzger is the senior beauty editor at Cosmopolitan, covering all things hair, skin, makeup, and health for both print and digital (follow her on Instagram to see behind-the-scenes pics).


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MULAN A film review by Andrew Hicks Copyright 1998 Andrew Hicks
(1998) *** (out of four)
There's good news and bad news about MULAN. The positive is that Disney has found a happy medium between the heavy-handedness of POCAHONTAS and THE HUNCHBACK OF NOTRE DAME and the childishness of HERCULES. On the other hand, the studio is pulling out all the stops on plot cliches and cheap laughs, several steps down from the days of THE LITTLE MERMAID and BEAUTY AND THE BEAST. But MULAN is a step in the right direction and Disney's best animated feature since THE LION KING.
After giving Native Americans a turn in POCAHONTAS, Disney has decided to turn a movie over to the Asians. MULAN is set in feudal China and features the ever-popular Heroine Who Marches To A Different Drum And Wants To Do More With Her Life Than Get Married. That's what we find out when young Mulan (voice of Ming- Na Wen) screws up her appointment with the matchmaker by letting a rogue cricket splash coffee all over her. Cartoons...
Meanwhile, word comes from the emporer that one man from every family must join the army and help fight the Huns. Since Mulan's a girl, that means her decrepit old father must go. She pleads with the soldiers to have mercy on dear old Dad, but that kind of groveling and desperation brings shame on her family. That's Chinese culture for you... So imagine how embarrassed the family is the next day when they find Mulan has stolen her father's uniform and sword and run off to join the army in his place. The movie in a nutshell is about the stuggles of being a woman in the army. It should have been called G.I. CHANG.
Mulan calls on her ancestors for help. They decide to summon the large stone dragon in the backyard to protect her, but a mini dragon named Mushu screws it up. Voiced by Eddie Murphy, Mushu continues the tradition of cute talking animal sidekicks who do more slapstick harm than good for their human charges. Murphy's performance is a direct descendent of Robin Williams in ALADDIN -- lots of wisecracks and ad-libs and even an introductory song about how much fun they're going to have. You ain't never had a friend like Mushu.
Speaking of songs, MULAN doesn't have too many of them, which is a plus with a story like this. Disney songs about war probably wouldn't go over too well ("Heigh ho, heigh ho, it's off to war I go..."), and the ones they do have aren't memorable. The best of the bunch, sad to say, is "Be a Man," the requisite Basic Training Montage song. Yes, even in medieval China, they had to run through that web of car tires before they were ready for battle. Sung by Donnie Osmond (a bad sign if ever there was one), "Be a Man" accompanies footage of Mulan's platoon going from screw-ups to heroes. It makes me wonder, has there ever been a musical montage in a movie that's ended badly? I only wish real-life problems could be solved in two minutes with a peppy montage.
For the curious, Mulan does pass for a man in the army despite looking like a girl. All she does to transform herself is cut her hair to a sexy shoulder-length, talk macho and slap guys on the butt, as was male custom a thousand years ago in China. The deception fools everyone but the audience, who thinks she might be able to pass for a 12-year-old boy, at best. But she does manage to strike the biggest blows to the Hun army, led by a big, evil-eyed Attilla-looking monster. As a villain, the head of the Huns is menacing, evil and entirely forgettable. I saw the movie yesterday and I don't remember the man's name.
Otherwise, MULAN is a good movie. The animation of the characters themselves isn't as rich as it could and should be, but there are some amazing battlefield shots. Eddie Murphy pulls off some good one-liners, as do other star voices like Harvey Fierstein and Pat Morita, the quintessential Asian movie star. Hell, George "Mr. Sulu" Takei does a voice in MULAN. You get the sense Disney said to themselves, "Alright, let's get out there and find us some Chinese Americans in Hollywood. Who can you think of?" "Well, there's Mr. Myagi..." "Good." "And Mr. Sulu." "Perfect. We've got ourselves a movie now." Soon Disney really _will_ be able to paint with all the colors of the wind.
Visit the Movie Critic at Large homepage at http://www.missouri.edu/~c667778/movies.html
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Indian Railways Invoke Mythology to Discourage Crossing of Rail Tracks
New Delhi (Sputnik): Crossing a railway track in India is a punishable offence because it involves the safety of human lives. Trespassing alone accounted for 721 deaths in the western region of India during the first half of 2019.
Indian Railways have now come up with a unique campaign to discourage people from trespassing along railway tracks. India’s western regional railways have deployed persons dressed up as “Yamraj” (Lord of Death) in the Hindu pantheon, to physically lift those violating the restrictions, as other means of awareness campaigns do not deter people from crossing railway tracks.
A campaign on social media by the federal Ministry of Railways in Hindi reads, “Do not cross the tracks. If you cross railway tracks, 'Yamraj', meaning death is waiting for you on the other side".
Besides these physical interventions to deter people crossing railway tracks, Indian Railways have also launched a series of campaigns on social media on safety and security at railway stations and on trains.
In July this year, 16 people lost their lives in separate mishaps on Mumbai’s suburban network, the highest number of fatalities recorded in a single day.
Indian Railways' network is the fourth largest in the world after the United States, China, and Russia with a network of over 68,000 kilometres across the length and breadth of the country.
While accident rates on railways have come down drastically, deaths due to negligence is still a major concern. According to the Railway Act, a train has the right of way on its track and anything that comes in the way is trespassing or an obstruction.


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Need
At a close number two is the coastal part of the country. This county has very high unemployment rates, even with its rich culture and what we all assume to be a healthy economy. The results of unemployment in this county are evidenced by the rise in crimes and the emergence of drug peddling that is crippling the county and rendering it’s youth unproductive and lazy. The level of literacy among the youths and women is wanting with most of them dropping out of school in their junior level of education. As a result lack of qualifications and employable skills in the long run. We have and evidential rate of crimes criminal gangs operating in every constituency consisting of youths as young as 15years.At this age, it is legally a minor who is support to be in 1st year of his high school education. Due to lack of economic stability youth often exhibit risky behaviour, including substance abuse, gang membership, aggressive and violent actions against others, stealing, vulnerability to radicalization and early pregnancy for young girls.
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Liverpool 2-1 Genk: Reds go top of Champions League group with win
by Shamoon HafezChampions League holders Liverpool collected another victory in their relentless campaign by sneaking past Genk at a subdued Anfield.
Jürgen Klopp's side lost to Napoli in their opening Group E game - their only loss in any competition this season - but have picked up three straight wins to move towards the knockout stages.
Georginio Wijnaldum stabbed into the roof of the net from close range after captain Sebastian Dewaest made a mess of clearing James Milner's low cross.
With the hosts failing to build on their 14th-minute lead, Genk's Tanzanian striker Mbwana Samatta powerfully headed in the equaliser at the near post from a corner five minutes before half-time.
But having scored twice in Belgium when Genk were beaten 4-1 on 23 October, Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain was the match-winner early in the second half, spinning and converting a low strike into the bottom corner.
Liverpool move top of the group ahead of Serie A side Napoli, who were held to a 1-1 draw by Red Bull Salzburg.
Signs for Man City to exploit?
Liverpool ultimately edged this test against Genk but know their sternest challenge of the season will come on Sunday against Premier League champions Manchester City.
With that huge clash in mind, Klopp decided to rest some first-team regulars, including captain Jordan Henderson, Sadio Mane, Roberto Firmino and Andy Robertson.
Despite the victory, Liverpool's biggest concern will be a lack of clean sheets - now just one in their past nine games in all competitions - given that their defence provided such a solid base last season as they agonisingly missed out on the title to City, but became champions of Europe for the sixth time.
The Reds lacked their usual fluency and zip at times, and that seemed to permeate into the stands, as the usual fiery Anfield Champions League cauldron was lukewarm for large periods, sporadically bursting into life and after both goals.
The hosts dominated the ball with 72% possession and fired off 28 shots - with Mohamed Salah's low drive from an angle and curling effort both struck wide.
Divock Origi, who scored decisive goals in the semi-final and final for Liverpool last season, dragged a shot off target, while his low, skipping drive was pushed away by 21-year-old goalkeeper Gaetan Coucke at full stretch.
After Oxlade-Chamberlain had made it 2-1, Genk could have equalised for a second time late on, but Bryan Heynen's thumping effort was pushed away by Alisson, extending their run without a victory in the Champions League proper to 16 games - a competition record.
Fixtures piling up for Reds
The biggest talking point a couple of hours before kick-off was Liverpool's decision to play their Carabao Cup quarter-final at Aston Villa and Club World Cup semi-final in Qatar within 24 hours of each other, fielding two separate teams.
Klopp had previously ruled out this possibility but the club said in a statement that although it was "not an ideal scenario" the outcome was reached in "the best interests of the competition".
Liverpool have won 14, drawn three and lost only one of their games in all competitions this season, though that winning habit and squad depth will be severely examined after the international break.
That is the price they have to pay for success.
From 23 November to 2 January, the Reds face an arduous period of 12 games in 37 days across three competitions - the Premier League, Champions League and Club World Cup - with an FA Cup third-round tie still to be determined in the first week of 2020.
That suggests there will be plenty more rotation. Of the six players brought into the starting line-up here, Oxlade-Chamberlain was on the scoresheet once more, Naby Keita worked hard in midfield beside him and Joe Gomez contributed four clearances and three interceptions at the back.
More of the same will be required from the fringe players over the coming months.
'We didn't finish our situations'
Liverpool manager Jürgen Klopp to BT Sport: "We didn't finish our situations in the way we could have done. We had a lot of shots and some really big chances that we usually use. We didn't do that and it kept the game open. That gave them a lot of energy.
"The players came through but you saw after a while it gets hard to get that rhythm and at the end of the game it was not there.
"We got a little bit of trouble but not really. It was job done. If we had scored two or three in the first half, nobody would have thought that couldn't have happened. But it went 1-1 and then it got tricky. Now we are all good."
Man of the match - Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain
Leaky at the back - the best of the stats
- Liverpool remain unbeaten in their past 24 home matches in European competition (W18 D6 L0), since a 0-3 defeat against Real Madrid at Anfield, in October 2014.
- Genk have played more matches in the history of the European Cup/Champions League without winning than any other club (16 - W0 D8 L8),
- Liverpool have conceded in eight consecutive matches in all competitions, last going longer without a clean sheet between September and October 2014, under Brendan Rodgers (a run of nine).
- Salah has been directly involved in 68 goals in 59 appearances for Liverpool at Anfield across all competitions (50 goals and 18 assists).
- Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain has scored four goals in his last four games for Liverpool, as many as in his previous 45 appearances for the Reds across all competitions.
- Three of Georginio Wijnaldum's past four goals for Liverpool have come in the Champions League at Anfield (also netting two against Barcelona in May).
What's next?
Liverpool host Premier League rivals Manchester City in a huge game at Anfield on Sunday, 10 November (16:30 GMT). They take on Napoli in their next Champions League game on 27 November, also at home.
Line-ups
Liverpool
- 1Alisson
- 66Alexander-Arnold
- 12Gomez
- 4van Dijk
- 7Milner
- 5Wijnaldum
- 3Fabinho
- 8KeitaSubstituted forRobertsonat 74'minutes
- 11Salah
- 15Oxlade-ChamberlainSubstituted forManéat 75'minutes
- 27OrigiSubstituted forFirminoat 89'minutes
Substitutes
- 6Lovren
- 9Firmino
- 10Mané
- 13Adrián
- 20Lallana
- 26Robertson
- 48Jones
KRC Genk
- 28Coucke
- 46Cuesta
- 6Dewaest
- 33LucumíBooked at 22mins
- 31Maehle
- 17HrosovskySubstituted forBongonda Mbul'Ofeko Batomboat 85'minutes
- 25Berge
- 8Heynen
- 2de NorreBooked at 83minsSubstituted forOnuachuat 85'minutes
- 7ItoSubstituted forNdongalaat 68'minutes
- 10Samatta
Substitutes
- 4Wouters
- 18Onuachu
- 19Piotrowski
- 23Hagi
- 26Vandevoordt
- 27Bongonda Mbul'Ofeko Batombo
- 77Ndongala
Referee:
Ivan Kruzliak
Attendance:
52,611
Match Stats
Home TeamLiverpoolAway TeamKRC Genk
Possession
Home72%
Away28%
Shots
Home28
Away6
Shots on Target
Home8
Away3
Corners
Home9
Away1
Fouls
Home10
Away4
Live Text
Posted at
Match ends, Liverpool 2, KRC Genk 1.
Full Time
Posted at 90'+4'
Second Half ends, Liverpool 2, KRC Genk 1.
Posted at 90'
Attempt missed. Virgil van Dijk (Liverpool) right footed shot from outside the box is close, but misses to the left.
Substitution
Posted at 89'
Substitution, Liverpool. Roberto Firmino replaces Divock Origi.
Posted at 89'
Corner, Liverpool. Conceded by Jhon Lucumí.
Posted at 89'
Attempt blocked. Divock Origi (Liverpool) right footed shot from outside the box is blocked. Assisted by Georginio Wijnaldum.
Posted at 86'
Attempt blocked. Mohamed Salah (Liverpool) left footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Sadio Mané.
Posted at 86'
Attempt missed. Dieumerci Ndongala (KRC Genk) right footed shot from outside the box is high and wide to the right following a set piece situation.
Substitution
Posted at 85'
Substitution, KRC Genk. Paul Onuachu replaces Casper de Norre.
Substitution
Posted at 85'
Substitution, KRC Genk. Theo Bongonda replaces Patrik Hrosovsky.
Posted at 85'
Foul by Divock Origi (Liverpool).
Posted at 85'
Bryan Heynen (KRC Genk) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Posted at 83'
Attempt missed. Mohamed Salah (Liverpool) right footed shot from the right side of the box is close, but misses to the right. Assisted by Fabinho.
Booking
Posted at 83'
Casper de Norre (KRC Genk) is shown the yellow card.
Posted at 82'
Joseph Gomez (Liverpool) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Posted at 82'
Foul by Dieumerci Ndongala (KRC Genk).
Posted at 81'
Attempt missed. Casper de Norre (KRC Genk) header from the centre of the box is too high.
Posted at 81'
Attempt saved. Bryan Heynen (KRC Genk) left footed shot from the left side of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Casper de Norre.
Posted at 80'
Foul by Divock Origi (Liverpool).
Posted at 80'
Sebastian Dewaest (KRC Genk) wins a free kick in the attacking half.
Posted at 79'
Foul by Sadio Mané (Liverpool).
Posted at 79'
Patrik Hrosovsky (KRC Genk) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Posted at 76'
Corner, Liverpool. Conceded by Mbwana Samatta.
Posted at 75'
James Milner (Liverpool) wins a free kick on the left wing.
Posted at 75'
Foul by Carlos Cuesta (KRC Genk).
Substitution
Posted at 75'
Substitution, Liverpool. Sadio Mané replaces Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain.
Substitution
Posted at 74'
Substitution, Liverpool. Andrew Robertson replaces Naby Keita.
Posted at 70'
Offside, KRC Genk. Sebastian Dewaest tries a through ball, but Casper de Norre is caught offside.
Posted at 69'
Foul by Naby Keita (Liverpool).
Posted at 69'
Joakim Maehle (KRC Genk) wins a free kick in the defensive half.
Posted at 68'
Attempt saved. Alex Oxlade-Chamberlain (Liverpool) right footed shot from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by Mohamed Salah.
Substitution
Posted at 68'
Substitution, KRC Genk. Dieumerci Ndongala replaces Junya Ito.
Posted at 65'
Attempt missed. Trent Alexander-Arnold (Liverpool) left footed shot from outside the box is too high. Assisted by James Milner.
Posted at 63'
Attempt saved. Fabinho (Liverpool) header from the centre of the box is saved in the centre of the goal. Assisted by James Milner with a cross.
Posted at 62'
Corner, Liverpool. Conceded by Carlos Cuesta.
Posted at 62'
Attempt blocked. Virgil van Dijk (Liverpool) header from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Trent Alexander-Arnold.
Posted at 62'
Attempt blocked. Divock Origi (Liverpool) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Virgil van Dijk.
Posted at 62'
Attempt blocked. Georginio Wijnaldum (Liverpool) right footed shot from the centre of the box is blocked. Assisted by Mohamed Salah.
Posted at 61'
Attempt saved. Sebastian Dewaest (KRC Genk) header from the centre of the box is saved in the bottom right corner. Assisted by Bryan Heynen with a cross.
Posted at 60'
Foul by Joseph Gomez (Liverpool).
Show more updates
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U.S. House panel defeats motion to compel whistleblower testimony in impeachment probe
WASHINGTON (Reuters) - U.S. House of Representatives Intelligence committee Democrats defeated a Republican bid on Wednesday to issue a subpoena to compel testimony in the impeachment investigation of President Donald Trump from the whistleblower whose complaint sparked the probe.
Committee members voted along party lines by 13-9 to defeat the motion offered by Republican Representative Mike Conaway, at the end of the first day of public testimony in the impeachment inquiry.


Make sure that the proxy is on and intercepting requests. Enter any numerical value in the Quantity and click 'Submit'. Intercept the request and change the value of "price" to 1.


Publish a message to a channel.
Required Form Variables:
Optional Form Variables:
Returns json:
[ success (boolean) , details (object) ]
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/publish?security_token=yo&channel_name=testing&payload=[1, 2, "foo"]&originator=dictator
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
And the following frame is published to channel ‘testing’:
{ "user": dictator, "payload": [1, 2, "foo"] }
Add a user to a channel.
Required Form Variables:
Returns json:
[ success (boolean) , details (object) ]
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/subscribe?security_token=yo&channel_name=testing&user=mcarter
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
And the user “mcarter” is subscribed to the channel “testing”.
Remove a user from a channel.
Required Form Variables:
Returns json:
[ success (boolean) , details (object) ]
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/unsubscribe?security_token=yo&channel_name=testing&user=mcarter
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
And the user “mcarter” is unsubscribed from the channel “testing”.
Publish a message to a user.
Required Form Variables:
Returns json:
[ success (boolean) , details (object) ]
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/message?security_token=yo&sender_name=bob&recipient_name=joe&payload=[1, 2, "foo"]
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
And the following message frame is sent to user ‘joe’:
{ "sender": "bob", "recipient": "joe", "payload": [1, 2, "foo"] }
Returns all settings and attributes of a channel.
Required Form Variables:
Returns json:
[ success (boolean) , details (object) ]
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/get_channel_info?security_token=yo&channel_name=testing
Server Replies:
[
true,
{
"name": "testing",
"options": {
"anonymous": false,
"history": [
[
"SUBSCRIBE",
{
"user": "mcarter"
}
],
[
"PUBLISH",
{
"payload": "good day",
"user": "mcarter"
}
],
[
"PUBLISH",
{
"payload": "was gibt es?",
"user": "mcarter"
}
]
],
"history_size": 5,
"moderated": false,
"moderated_publish": true,
"moderated_subscribe": true,
"moderated_unsubscribe": true,
"polling": {
"form": {},
"interval": 5,
"mode": "",
"originator": "",
"url": ""
},
"presenceful": true,
"reflective": true
},
"subscribers": [
"mcarter"
]
}
]
Set the options on a channel.
Required Form Variables:
Optional Form Variables:
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/set_channel_options?security_token=yo&channel_name=testing&history_size=2&presenceful=true
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
The history_size of the channel is now 2, and presenceful is false.
TODO
TODO
Sets a key in a channel’s state object. If the key already exists it is replaced, and if not it is created.
Required Form Variables:
Optional Form Variables:
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/state_set_key?security_token=yo&channel_name=testing&key=score&val={ "mcarter": 5, "desmaj": 11 }
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
The state of the channel now contains the key “testing” with the value { “mcarter”: 5, “desmaj”: 11 }. An onState javascript callback will be issued to all subscribers; They will be able to access subscription.state.score.mcarter and will see the value 5.
Removes a key from the state of a channel. If the key doesn’t exist then nothing happens.
Required Form Variables:
Optional Form Variables:
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/state_delete_key?security_token=yo&channel_name=testing&key=score
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
The state of the channel no longer contains the key “score”. An onState callback will be issued to all subscribers.
Update certain configuration parameters (mostly webhook related options) immediately without restarting hookbox.
Required Form variables:
Optional Form Variables:
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/state_delete_key?security_token=yo&cbhost="<IP_ADDRESS>&cbport=80
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
The callback host is now set to <IP_ADDRESS> and the port is now 80.
Returns all settings and attributes of a user.
Required Form Variables:
Returns json:
[ success (boolean) , details (object) ]
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/get_user_info?security_token=yo&user_name=mcarter
Server Replies:
[
true,
{
"channels": [
"testing"
],
"connections": [
"467412414c294f1a9d1759ace01455d9"
],
"name": "mcarter",
"options": {
"reflective": true,
"moderated_message": true
}
}
]
Set the options on a user.
Required Form Variables:
Optional Form Variables:
Example:
Client Requests URL:
/web/set_user_options?security_token=yo&user_name=mcarter&reflective=false
Server Replies:
[ true, {} ]
The reflective of the user is now false.


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Actions, resources, and condition keys for Amazon Elastic Container Service
Amazon Elastic Container Service (service prefix:
ecs
) provides the following service-specific resources, actions, and condition context keys for use in IAM permission policies.
References:
-
Learn how to configure this service .
-
View a list of the API operations available for this service .
-
Learn how to secure this service and its resources by using IAM permission policies.
Topics
Actions defined by Amazon Elastic Container Service
You can specify the following actions in the
Action
element of an IAM policy statement. Use policies to grant permissions to perform an operation in AWS. When you use an action in a policy, you usually allow or deny access to the API operation or CLI command with the same name. However, in some cases, a single action controls access to more than one operation. Alternatively, some operations require several different actions.
The
Resource types
column of the Actions table indicates whether each action supports resource-level permissions. If there is no value for this column, you must specify all resources ("*") to which the policy applies in the
Resource
element of your policy statement. If the column includes a resource type, then you can specify an ARN of that type in a statement with that action. If the action has one or more required resources, the caller must have permission to use the action with those resources. Required resources are indicated in the table with an asterisk (*). If you limit resource access with the
Resource
element in an IAM policy, you must include an ARN or pattern for each required resource type. Some actions support multiple resource types. If the resource type is optional (not indicated as required), then you can choose to use one of the optional resource types.
The
Condition keys
column of the Actions table includes keys that you can specify in a policy statement's
Condition
element. For more information on the condition keys that are associated with resources for the service, see the
Condition keys
column of the Resource types table.
For details about the columns in the following table, see Actions table .
| Actions | Description | Access level | Resource types (*required) | Condition keys | Dependent actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CreateCapacityProvider | Grants permission to create a new capacity provider. Capacity providers are associated with an Amazon ECS cluster and are used in capacity provider strategies to facilitate cluster auto scaling | Write | |||
| CreateCluster | Grants permission to create a new Amazon ECS cluster | Write | |||
| CreateService | Grants permission to run and maintain a desired number of tasks from a specified task definition via service creation | Write | |||
| CreateTaskSet | Grants permission to create a new Amazon ECS task set | Write | |||
| DeleteAccountSetting | Grants permission to modify the ARN and resource ID format of a resource for a specified IAM user, IAM role, or the root user for an account. You can specify whether the new ARN and resource ID format are disabled for new resources that are created | Write | |||
| DeleteAttributes | Grants permission to delete one or more custom attributes from an Amazon ECS resource | Write | |||
| DeleteCapacityProvider | Grants permission to delete the specified capacity provider | Write | |||
| DeleteCluster | Grants permission to delete the specified cluster | Write | |||
| DeleteService | Grants permission to delete a specified service within a cluster | Write | |||
| DeleteTaskDefinitions | Grants permission to delete the specified task definitions by family and revision | Write | |||
| DeleteTaskSet | Grants permission to delete the specified task set | Write | |||
| DeregisterContainerInstance | Grants permission to deregister an Amazon ECS container instance from the specified cluster | Write | |||
| DeregisterTaskDefinition | Grants permission to deregister the specified task definition by family and revision | Write | |||
| DescribeCapacityProviders | Grants permission to describe one or more Amazon ECS capacity providers | Read | |||
| DescribeClusters | Grants permission to describes one or more of your clusters | Read | |||
| DescribeContainerInstances | Grants permission to describes Amazon ECS container instances | Read | |||
| DescribeServices | Grants permission to describe the specified services running in your cluster | Read | |||
| DescribeTaskDefinition | Grants permission to describe a task definition. You can specify a family and revision to find information about a specific task definition, or you can simply specify the family to find the latest ACTIVE revision in that family | Read | |||
| DescribeTaskSets | Grants permission to describe Amazon ECS task sets | Read | |||
| DescribeTasks | Grants permission to describe a specified task or tasks | Read | |||
| DiscoverPollEndpoint | Grants permission to get an endpoint for the Amazon ECS agent to poll for updates | Write | |||
| ExecuteCommand | Grants permission to run a command remotely on an Amazon ECS container | Write | |||
| GetTaskProtection | Grants permission to retrieve the protection status of tasks in an Amazon ECS service | Read | |||
| ListAccountSettings | Grants permission to list the account settings for an Amazon ECS resource for a specified principal | Read | |||
| ListAttributes | Grants permission to lists the attributes for Amazon ECS resources within a specified target type and cluster | List | |||
| ListClusters | Grants permission to get a list of existing clusters | List | |||
| ListContainerInstances | Grants permission to get a list of container instances in a specified cluster | List | |||
| ListServices | Grants permission to get a list of services that are running in a specified cluster | List | |||
| ListServicesByNamespace | Grants permission to get a list of services that are running in a specified AWS Cloud Map Namespace | List | |||
| ListTagsForResource | Grants permission to get a list of tags for the specified resource | Read | |||
| ListTaskDefinitionFamilies | Grants permission to get a list of task definition families that are registered to your account (which may include task definition families that no longer have any ACTIVE task definitions) | List | |||
| ListTaskDefinitions | Grants permission to get a list of task definitions that are registered to your account | List | |||
| ListTasks | Grants permission to get a list of tasks for a specified cluster | List | |||
| Poll [permission only] | Grants permission to an agent to connect with the Amazon ECS service to report status and get commands | Write | |||
| PutAccountSetting | Grants permission to modify the ARN and resource ID format of a resource for a specified IAM user, IAM role, or the root user for an account. You can specify whether the new ARN and resource ID format are enabled for new resources that are created. Enabling this setting is required to use new Amazon ECS features such as resource tagging | Write | |||
| PutAccountSettingDefault | Grants permission to modify the ARN and resource ID format of a resource type for all IAM users on an account for which no individual account setting has been set. Enabling this setting is required to use new Amazon ECS features such as resource tagging | Write | |||
| PutAttributes | Grants permission to create or update an attribute on an Amazon ECS resource | Write | |||
| PutClusterCapacityProviders | Grants permission to modify the available capacity providers and the default capacity provider strategy for a cluster | Write | |||
| RegisterContainerInstance | Grants permission to register an EC2 instance into the specified cluster | Write | |||
| RegisterTaskDefinition | Grants permission to register a new task definition from the supplied family and containerDefinitions | Write | |||
| RunTask | Grants permission to start a task using random placement and the default Amazon ECS scheduler | Write | |||
| StartTask | Grants permission to start a new task from the specified task definition on the specified container instance or instances | Write | |||
| StartTelemetrySession | Grants permission to start a telemetry session | Write | |||
| StopTask | Grants permission to stop a running task | Write | |||
| SubmitAttachmentStateChanges | Grants permission to send an acknowledgement that attachments changed states | Write | |||
| SubmitContainerStateChange | Grants permission to send an acknowledgement that a container changed states | Write | |||
| SubmitTaskStateChange | Grants permission to send an acknowledgement that a task changed states | Write | |||
| TagResource | Grants permission to tag the specified resource | Tagging | |||
| UntagResource | Grants permission to untag the specified resource | Tagging | |||
| UpdateCapacityProvider | Grants permission to update the specified capacity provider | Write | |||
| UpdateCluster | Grants permission to modify the configuration or settings to use for a cluster | Write | |||
| UpdateClusterSettings | Grants permission to modify the settings to use for a cluster | Write | |||
| UpdateContainerAgent | Grants permission to update the Amazon ECS container agent on a specified container instance | Write | |||
| UpdateContainerInstancesState | Grants permission to the user to modify the status of an Amazon ECS container instance | Write | |||
| UpdateService | Grants permission to modify the parameters of a service | Write | |||
| UpdateServicePrimaryTaskSet | Grants permission to modify the primary task set used in a service | Write | |||
| UpdateTaskProtection | Grants permission to modify the protection status of a task | Write | |||
| UpdateTaskSet | Grants permission to update the specified task set | Write | |||
Resource types defined by Amazon Elastic Container Service
The following resource types are defined by this service and can be used in the
Resource
element of IAM permission policy statements. Each action in the
Actions table
identifies the resource types that can be specified with that action. A resource type can also define which condition keys you can include in a policy. These keys are displayed in the last column of the Resource types table. For details about the columns in the following table, see
Resource types table
.
| Resource types | ARN | Condition keys |
|---|---|---|
| cluster |
arn:$
{
Partition}:ecs:$
{
Region}:$
{
Account}:cluster/$
{
ClusterName}
|
|
| container-instance |
arn:$
{
Partition}:ecs:$
{
Region}:$
{
Account}:container-instance/$
{
ClusterName}/$
{
ContainerInstanceId}
|
|
| service |
arn:$
{
Partition}:ecs:$
{
Region}:$
{
Account}:service/$
{
ClusterName}/$
{
ServiceName}
|
|
| task |
arn:$
{
Partition}:ecs:$
{
Region}:$
{
Account}:task/$
{
ClusterName}/$
{
TaskId}
|
|
| task-definition |
arn:$
{
Partition}:ecs:$
{
Region}:$
{
Account}:task-definition/$
{
TaskDefinitionFamilyName}:$
{
TaskDefinitionRevisionNumber}
|
|
| capacity-provider |
arn:$
{
Partition}:ecs:$
{
Region}:$
{
Account}:capacity-provider/$
{
CapacityProviderName}
|
|
| task-set |
arn:$
{
Partition}:ecs:$
{
Region}:$
{
Account}:task-set/$
{
ClusterName}/$
{
ServiceName}/$
{
TaskSetId}
|
Condition keys for Amazon Elastic Container Service
Amazon Elastic Container Service defines the following condition keys that can be used in the
Condition
element of an IAM policy. You can use these keys to further refine the conditions under which the policy statement applies. For details about the columns in the following table, see
Condition keys table
.
To view the global condition keys that are available to all services, see Available global condition keys .
| Condition keys | Description | Type |
|---|---|---|
| aws:RequestTag/${TagKey} | Filters access by the tags that are passed in the request | String |
| aws:ResourceTag/${TagKey} | Filters access by the tag key-value pairs attached to the resource | String |
| aws:TagKeys | Filters access by the tag keys that are passed in the request | ArrayOfString |
| ecs:ResourceTag/${TagKey} | Filters access by the tag key-value pairs attached to the resource | String |
| ecs:capacity-provider | Filters access by the ARN of an Amazon ECS capacity provider | ARN |
| ecs:cluster | Filters access by the ARN of an Amazon ECS cluster | ARN |
| ecs:container-instances | Filters access by the ARN of an Amazon ECS container instance | ARN |
| ecs:container-name | Filters access by the name of an Amazon ECS container which is defined in the ECS task definition | String |
| ecs:enable-execute-command | Filters access by the execute-command capability of your Amazon ECS task or Amazon ECS service | String |
| ecs:enable-service-connect | Filters access by the enable field value in the Service Connect configuration | String |
| ecs:namespace | Filters access by the ARN of AWS Cloud Map namespace which is defined in the Service Connect Configuration | ARN |
| ecs:service | Filters access by the ARN of an Amazon ECS service | ARN |
| ecs:task | Filters access by the ARN of an Amazon ECS task | ARN |
| ecs:task-definition | Filters access by the ARN of an Amazon ECS task definition | ARN |


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Binary Classification and Support Vector Machines¶
In a classification problem, the aim is to categorize the inputs into one of a finite set of classes. Formulated as a supervised learning task, the dataset again consists of input-output pairs, i.e. \(\lbrace(\mathbf{x}_{1}, y_{1}), \dots, (\mathbf{x}_{m}, y_{m})\rbrace\) with \(\mathbf{x}\in \mathbb{R}^n\). However, unlike regression problems, the output \(y\) is a discrete integer number representing one of the classes. In a binary classification problem, in other words a problem with only two classes, it is natural to choose \(y\in\{-1, 1\}\).
We have introduced linear regression in the previous section as a method for supervised learning when the output is a real number. Here, we will see how we can use the same model for a binary classification task. If we look at the regression problem, we first note that geometrically
defines a hyperplane perpendicular to the vector with elements \(\beta_{j\geq1}\). If we fix the length \(\sum_{j=1}^n \beta_j^2=1\), then \(f(\mathbf{x}|\boldsymbol \beta)\) measures the (signed) distance of \(\mathbf{x}\) to the hyperplane with a sign depending on which side of the plane the point \(\mathbf{x}_i\) lies. To use this model as a classifier, we thus define
which yields \(\{+1, -1\}\). If the two classes are (completely) linearly separable, then the goal of the classification is to find a hyperplane that separates the two classes in feature space. Specifically, we look for parameters \(\boldsymbol \beta\), such that
where \(M\) is called the margin. The optimal solution \(\hat{\boldsymbol \beta}\) then maximizes this margin. Note that instead of fixing the norm of \(\beta_{j\geq1}\) and maximizing \(M\), it is customary to minimize \(\sum_{j=1}^n \beta_j^2\) setting \(M=1\) in Eq. (25).
In most cases, the two classes are not completely separable. In order to still find a good classifier, we allow some of the points \(\mathbf{x}_i\) to lie within the margin or even on the wrong side of the hyperplane. For this purpose, we rewrite the optimization constraint Eq. (25) to
We can now define the optimization problem as finding
subject to the constraint Eq. (26).  As we have seen in the example of the previous section, such a regularizer tries to set as many \(\xi_i\) to zero as possible.
We can solve this constrained minimization problem by introducing Lagrange multipliers \(\alpha_i\) and \(\mu_i\) and solving
which yields the conditions
It is numerically simpler to solve the dual problem
subject to \(\sum_i \alpha_i y_i =0\) and \(0\leq \alpha_i \leq C\) 1. Using Eq. (29), we can reexpress \(\beta_j\) to find
where the sum only runs over the points \(\mathbf{x}_i\), which lie within the margin, as all other points have \(\alpha_i\equiv0\) [see Eq. (32)]. These points are thus called the support vectors and are denoted in Fig. 11 with a circle around them. Finally, note that we can use Eq. (32) again to find \(\beta_0\).
The Kernel trick and support vector machines¶
We have seen in our discussion of PCA that most data is not separable linearly. However, we have also seen how the kernel trick can help us in such situations. In particular, we have seen how a non-linear function \(\boldsymbol \Phi(\mathbf{x})\), which we first apply to the data \(\mathbf{x}\), can help us separate data that is not linearly separable. Importantly, we never actually use the non-linear function \(\boldsymbol \Phi(\mathbf{x})\), but only the kernel. Looking at the dual optimization problem Eq. (30) and the resulting classifier Eq. (31), we see that, as in the case of Kernel PCA, only the kernel \(K(\mathbf{x}, \mathbf{y}) = \boldsymbol \Phi(\mathbf{x})^T\boldsymbol \Phi(\mathbf{y})\) enters, simplifying the problem. This non-linear extension of the binary classifier is called a support vector machine.
- 1
Note that the constraints for the minimization are not equalities, but actually inequalities. A solution thus has to fulfil the additional Karush-Kuhn-Tucker constraints
(32)¶\[\begin{split} \begin{aligned} \alpha_i [y_i \tilde{\mathbf{x}}_i^T\boldsymbol \beta - (1-\xi_i)]&=&0,\\ \mu_i\xi_i &=& 0,\\ y_i \tilde{\mathbf{x}}_i^T\boldsymbol \beta - (1-\xi_i)&>& 0. \end{aligned}\end{split}\]


JS Timer is a countdown timer for use in conference presetations, symposia, etc. It displays a countdown timer along with a graphical representation of the time remaining. It can break a session into "Presentation" and "Q&A" sections.
To start the timer, click on a preset in the left-hand control strip, or enter your desired time (in minutes) in the "Custom timer" section and click "Start timer" to start your custom countdown timing. To stop the timer at any point, simply click inside the timer area in the center of the window.
Click the "Configure" button to configure your own custom presets.
Shortcut keys
You can use the keys F1-F4 to trigger the four preset timers. The 'c'
key will trigger the time-of-day clock. The space bar will pause and
resume the timer.