hunch_net hunch_net-2011 hunch_net-2011-422 knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
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Introduction: Machine learning always welcomes the new year with paper deadlines for summer conferences. This year, we have: Conference Paper Deadline When/Where Double blind? Author Feedback? Notes ICML February 1 June 28-July 2, Bellevue, Washington, USA Y Y Weak colocation with ACL COLT February 11 July 9-July 11, Budapest, Hungary N N colocated with FOCM KDD February 11/18 August 21-24, San Diego, California, USA N N UAI March 18 July 14-17, Barcelona, Spain Y N The larger conferences are on the west coast in the United States, while the smaller ones are in Europe.
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1 Machine learning always welcomes the new year with paper deadlines for summer conferences. [sent-1, score-0.573]
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same-blog 1 1.0 422 hunch net-2011-01-16-2011 Summer Conference Deadline Season
Introduction: Machine learning always welcomes the new year with paper deadlines for summer conferences. This year, we have: Conference Paper Deadline When/Where Double blind? Author Feedback? Notes ICML February 1 June 28-July 2, Bellevue, Washington, USA Y Y Weak colocation with ACL COLT February 11 July 9-July 11, Budapest, Hungary N N colocated with FOCM KDD February 11/18 August 21-24, San Diego, California, USA N N UAI March 18 July 14-17, Barcelona, Spain Y N The larger conferences are on the west coast in the United States, while the smaller ones are in Europe.
2 0.49685621 226 hunch net-2007-01-04-2007 Summer Machine Learning Conferences
Introduction: It’s conference season once again. Conference Due? When? Where? double blind? author feedback? Workshops? AAAI February 1/6 (and 27) July 22-26 Vancouver, British Columbia Yes Yes Done UAI February 28/March 2 July 19-22 Vancouver, British Columbia No No No COLT January 16 June 13-15 San Diego, California (with FCRC ) No No No ICML February 7/9 June 20-24 Corvallis, Oregon Yes Yes February 16 KDD February 23/28 August 12-15 San Jose, California Yes No? February 28 The geowinner this year is the west coast of North America. Last year ‘s geowinner was the Northeastern US, and the year before it was mostly Europe. It’s notable how tightly the conferences cluster, even when they don’t colocate.
3 0.38848484 387 hunch net-2010-01-19-Deadline Season, 2010
Introduction: Many conference deadlines are coming soon. Deadline Double Blind / Author Feedback Time/Place ICML January 18((workshops) / February 1 (Papers) / February 13 (Tutorials) Y/Y Haifa, Israel, June 21-25 KDD February 1(Workshops) / February 2&5 (Papers) / February 26 (Tutorials & Panels)) / April 17 (Demos) N/S Washington DC, July 25-28 COLT January 18 (Workshops) / February 19 (Papers) N/S Haifa, Israel, June 25-29 UAI March 11 (Papers) N?/Y Catalina Island, California, July 8-11 ICML continues to experiment with the reviewing process, although perhaps less so than last year. The S “sort-of” for COLT is because author feedback occurs only after decisions are made. KDD is notable for being the most comprehensive in terms of {Tutorials, Workshops, Challenges, Panels, Papers (two tracks), Demos}. The S for KDD is because there is sometimes author feedback at the decision of the SPC. The (past) January 18 de
4 0.31798142 11 hunch net-2005-02-02-Paper Deadlines
Introduction: Itâ€™s conference season, and smell of budding papers is in the air. IJCAI 2005 , January 21 COLT 2005 , February 2 KDD 2005 , February 18 ICML 2005 , March 8 UAI 2005 , March 16 AAAI 2005 , March 18
5 0.29184899 145 hunch net-2005-12-29-Deadline Season
Introduction: Many different paper deadlines are coming up soon so I made a little reference table. Out of curiosity, I also computed the interval between submission deadline and conference. Conference Location Date Deadline interval COLT Pittsburgh June 22-25 January 21 152 ICML Pittsburgh June 26-28 January 30/February 6 140 UAI MIT July 13-16 March 9/March 16 119 AAAI Boston July 16-20 February 16/21 145 KDD Philadelphia August 23-26 March 3/March 10 166 It looks like the northeastern US is the big winner as far as location this year.
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9 0.22511244 66 hunch net-2005-05-03-Conference attendance is mandatory
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11 0.2083139 4 hunch net-2005-01-26-Summer Schools
12 0.15787421 470 hunch net-2012-07-17-MUCMD and BayLearn
13 0.14606953 283 hunch net-2008-01-07-2008 Summer Machine Learning Conference Schedule
14 0.14564925 65 hunch net-2005-05-02-Reviewing techniques for conferences
15 0.13994038 472 hunch net-2012-08-27-NYAS ML 2012 and ICML 2013
16 0.12490443 242 hunch net-2007-04-30-COLT 2007
17 0.11606872 198 hunch net-2006-07-25-Upcoming conference
18 0.10766803 357 hunch net-2009-05-30-Many ways to Learn this summer
19 0.1061556 40 hunch net-2005-03-13-Avoiding Bad Reviewing
20 0.10224776 184 hunch net-2006-06-15-IJCAI is out of season
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same-blog 1 0.9802559 422 hunch net-2011-01-16-2011 Summer Conference Deadline Season
Introduction: Machine learning always welcomes the new year with paper deadlines for summer conferences. This year, we have: Conference Paper Deadline When/Where Double blind? Author Feedback? Notes ICML February 1 June 28-July 2, Bellevue, Washington, USA Y Y Weak colocation with ACL COLT February 11 July 9-July 11, Budapest, Hungary N N colocated with FOCM KDD February 11/18 August 21-24, San Diego, California, USA N N UAI March 18 July 14-17, Barcelona, Spain Y N The larger conferences are on the west coast in the United States, while the smaller ones are in Europe.
2 0.91954559 226 hunch net-2007-01-04-2007 Summer Machine Learning Conferences
Introduction: It’s conference season once again. Conference Due? When? Where? double blind? author feedback? Workshops? AAAI February 1/6 (and 27) July 22-26 Vancouver, British Columbia Yes Yes Done UAI February 28/March 2 July 19-22 Vancouver, British Columbia No No No COLT January 16 June 13-15 San Diego, California (with FCRC ) No No No ICML February 7/9 June 20-24 Corvallis, Oregon Yes Yes February 16 KDD February 23/28 August 12-15 San Jose, California Yes No? February 28 The geowinner this year is the west coast of North America. Last year ‘s geowinner was the Northeastern US, and the year before it was mostly Europe. It’s notable how tightly the conferences cluster, even when they don’t colocate.
3 0.8776027 145 hunch net-2005-12-29-Deadline Season
Introduction: Many different paper deadlines are coming up soon so I made a little reference table. Out of curiosity, I also computed the interval between submission deadline and conference. Conference Location Date Deadline interval COLT Pittsburgh June 22-25 January 21 152 ICML Pittsburgh June 26-28 January 30/February 6 140 UAI MIT July 13-16 March 9/March 16 119 AAAI Boston July 16-20 February 16/21 145 KDD Philadelphia August 23-26 March 3/March 10 166 It looks like the northeastern US is the big winner as far as location this year.
4 0.77685332 11 hunch net-2005-02-02-Paper Deadlines
Introduction: Itâ€™s conference season, and smell of budding papers is in the air. IJCAI 2005 , January 21 COLT 2005 , February 2 KDD 2005 , February 18 ICML 2005 , March 8 UAI 2005 , March 16 AAAI 2005 , March 18
5 0.74014729 387 hunch net-2010-01-19-Deadline Season, 2010
Introduction: Many conference deadlines are coming soon. Deadline Double Blind / Author Feedback Time/Place ICML January 18((workshops) / February 1 (Papers) / February 13 (Tutorials) Y/Y Haifa, Israel, June 21-25 KDD February 1(Workshops) / February 2&5 (Papers) / February 26 (Tutorials & Panels)) / April 17 (Demos) N/S Washington DC, July 25-28 COLT January 18 (Workshops) / February 19 (Papers) N/S Haifa, Israel, June 25-29 UAI March 11 (Papers) N?/Y Catalina Island, California, July 8-11 ICML continues to experiment with the reviewing process, although perhaps less so than last year. The S “sort-of” for COLT is because author feedback occurs only after decisions are made. KDD is notable for being the most comprehensive in terms of {Tutorials, Workshops, Challenges, Panels, Papers (two tracks), Demos}. The S for KDD is because there is sometimes author feedback at the decision of the SPC. The (past) January 18 de
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8 0.67343563 130 hunch net-2005-11-16-MLSS 2006
9 0.65339732 17 hunch net-2005-02-10-Conferences, Dates, Locations
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11 0.56535667 66 hunch net-2005-05-03-Conference attendance is mandatory
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20 0.31992742 326 hunch net-2008-11-11-COLT CFP
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1 0.88792026 278 hunch net-2007-12-17-New Machine Learning mailing list
Introduction: IMLS (which is the nonprofit running ICML) has setup a new mailing list for Machine Learning News . The list address is<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and signup requires a google account (which you can create). Only members can send messages.
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Introduction: Machine learning always welcomes the new year with paper deadlines for summer conferences. This year, we have: Conference Paper Deadline When/Where Double blind? Author Feedback? Notes ICML February 1 June 28-July 2, Bellevue, Washington, USA Y Y Weak colocation with ACL COLT February 11 July 9-July 11, Budapest, Hungary N N colocated with FOCM KDD February 11/18 August 21-24, San Diego, California, USA N N UAI March 18 July 14-17, Barcelona, Spain Y N The larger conferences are on the west coast in the United States, while the smaller ones are in Europe.
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Introduction: Alekh , John , Ofer , and I are organizing a workshop at NIPS this year on learning in parallel and distributed environments. The general interest level in parallel learning seems to be growing rapidly, so I expect quite a bit of attendance. Please join us if you are parallel-interested. And, if you are working in the area of parallel learning, please consider submitting an abstract due Oct. 17 for presentation at the workshop.
4 0.4660978 331 hunch net-2008-12-12-Summer Conferences
Introduction: Here’s a handy table for the summer conferences. Conference Deadline Reviewer Targeting Double Blind Author Feedback Location Date ICML ( wrong ICML ) January 26 Yes Yes Yes Montreal, Canada June 14-17 COLT February 13 No No Yes Montreal June 19-21 UAI March 13 No Yes No Montreal June 19-21 KDD February 2/6 No No No Paris, France June 28-July 1 Reviewer targeting is new this year. The idea is that many poor decisions happen because the papers go to reviewers who are unqualified, and the hope is that allowing authors to point out who is qualified results in better decisions. In my experience, this is a reasonable idea to test. Both UAI and COLT are experimenting this year as well with double blind and author feedback, respectively. Of the two, I believe author feedback is more important, as I’ve seen it make a difference. However, I still consider double blind reviewing a net wi
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Introduction: Adam Klivans , points out the COLT call for papers . The important points are: Due Feb 13. Montreal, June 18-21. This year, there is author feedback.
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Here you can find activities to practise your speaking skills. You can watch and listen to videos that show how English is used in different types of conversations. As you listen and speak aloud, you’ll also improve your pronunciation.
Here you can find activities to practise your speaking skills. You can watch and listen to videos that show how English is used in different types of conversations. As you listen and speak aloud, you’ll also improve your pronunciation.
Here you can find activities to practise your speaking skills. You can watch and listen to videos that show how English is used in different types of conversations. As you listen and speak aloud, you’ll also improve your pronunciation.
Here you can find activities to practise your speaking skills. You can watch and listen to videos that show how English is used in different types of conversations. As you listen and speak aloud, you’ll also improve your pronunciation.
Here you can find activities to practise your speaking skills. You can watch and listen to videos that show how English is used in different types of conversations. As you listen and speak aloud, you’ll also improve your pronunciation.
Here you can find activities to practise your speaking skills. You can watch and listen to videos that show how English is used in different types of conversations. As you listen and speak aloud, you’ll also improve your pronunciation.


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Contrary to popular belief, dogs do not sweat by salivating. They sweat through the pads of their feet.
The smallest breeds include the toy and miniature varieties, such as the Toy Poodle, Papillon, Chihuahua, and Shih Tzu. These dogs usually weigh only 5 to 10 pounds (2.3 to 4.5 kilograms), or even less.


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Risk of Rain is an action platformer with roguelike elements. With permanent death as a primary feature, players will have to play their best to get as far as possible. Fight on a mysterious planet with randomly spawning enemies and bosses, either alone or with 3 friends in online co-op.
Risk of Rain is a platform video game incorporating roguelike elements, developed by a two-student team from the University of Washington under the name Hopoo Games. The game, initially a student project, was funded through a Kickstarter campaign to improve the title, and was published by Chucklefish Games to Microsoft Windows in November 2013.
Risk of Rain was developed by two students at the University of Washington, Duncan Drummond and Paul Morse, later releasing the game under the name Hopoo Games. The two took inspiration from their favorite games in the past and combined them into a single package, focusing primarily on the platformer and roguelike genres. They also wanted to add the idea of a game that scales in difficulty that "puts the player in a sense of urgency and makes them make tough choices often". Risk of Rain was developed using the GameMaker: Studio tool. The title Risk of Rain was selected not only to allow the game to be easily searchable via the Internet, but came to allude to the concept of a single protagonist in the large game world always worried about "a risk of failure or bad things happening".


%inherit file="base.html"/>
<%def name="title()">
Admin Activities
%def>
<%def name="head()">
%def>
Admin Activities
Version: ${current_version} BB Deployed: ${current_version.dt_date_pst} (PST) By: ${current_version.username}
Recently Rendered Targets [> ${oldest_recent_target_days} days] (view more)


module ActiveRecord::FinderMethods
Constants
- ONE_AS_ONE
Public Instance Methods
Returns true
if a record exists in the table that matches the
id
or conditions given, or false
otherwise. The
argument can take six forms:
-
Integer - Finds the record with this primary key.
-
String - Finds the record with a primary key corresponding to this string (such as
'5'
). -
Array - Finds the record that matches these
find
-style conditions (such as['name LIKE ?', "%#{query}%"]
). -
Hash - Finds the record that matches these
find
-style conditions (such as{name: 'David'}
). -
false
- Returns alwaysfalse
. -
No args - Returns
false
if the table is empty,true
otherwise.
For more information about specifying conditions as a hash or array, see
the Conditions section in the introduction to
ActiveRecord::Base
.
Note: You can't pass in a condition as a string (like name =
'Jamie'
), since it would be sanitized and then queried
against the primary key column, like id = 'name =
\'Jamie\''
.
Person.exists?(5) Person.exists?('5') Person.exists?(['name LIKE ?', "%#{query}%"]) Person.exists?(id: [1, 4, 8]) Person.exists?(name: 'David') Person.exists?(false) Person.exists?
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 277 def exists?(conditions = :none) if Base === conditions conditions = conditions.id ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(" You are passing an instance of ActiveRecord::Base to `exists?`. Please pass the id of the object by calling `.id` ".squish) end return false if !conditions relation = apply_join_dependency(self, construct_join_dependency) return false if ActiveRecord::NullRelation === relation relation = relation.except(:select, :order).select(ONE_AS_ONE).limit(1) case conditions when Array, Hash relation = relation.where(conditions) else unless conditions == :none relation = relation.where(primary_key => conditions) end end connection.select_value(relation, "#{name} Exists", relation.arel.bind_values + relation.bind_values) ? true : false end
Find the fifth record. If no order is defined it will order by primary key.
Person.fifth # returns the fifth object fetched by SELECT * FROM people Person.offset(3).fifth # returns the fifth object from OFFSET 3 (which is OFFSET 7) Person.where(["user_name = :u", { u: user_name }]).fifth
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 224 def fifth find_nth(4, offset_index) end
Same as fifth
but raises
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
if no record is found.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 230 def fifth! find_nth! 4 end
Find by id - This can either be a specific id (1), a list of ids (1, 5, 6),
or an array of ids ([5, 6, 10]). If no record can be found for all of the
listed ids, then RecordNotFound will be
raised. If the primary key is an integer, find by id coerces its arguments
using to_i
.
Person.find(1) # returns the object for ID = 1 Person.find("1") # returns the object for ID = 1 Person.find("31-sarah") # returns the object for ID = 31 Person.find(1, 2, 6) # returns an array for objects with IDs in (1, 2, 6) Person.find([7, 17]) # returns an array for objects with IDs in (7, 17) Person.find([1]) # returns an array for the object with ID = 1 Person.where("administrator = 1").order("created_on DESC").find(1)
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
will be raised if one or more ids
are not found.
NOTE: The returned records may not be in the same order as the ids you
provide since database rows are unordered. You'd need to provide an
explicit order
option if you want the results are sorted.
Find with lock¶ ↑
Example for find with a lock: Imagine two concurrent transactions: each
will read person.visits == 2
, add 1 to it, and save, resulting
in two saves of person.visits = 3
. By locking the row, the
second transaction has to wait until the first is finished; we get the
expected person.visits == 4
.
Person.transaction do person = Person.lock(true).find(1) person.visits += 1 person.save! end
Variations of find
¶ ↑
Person.where(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4) # returns a chainable list (which can be empty). Person.find_by(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4) # returns the first item or nil. Person.where(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4).first_or_initialize # returns the first item or returns a new instance (requires you call .save to persist against the database). Person.where(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4).first_or_create # returns the first item or creates it and returns it, available since Rails 3.2.1.
Alternatives for find
¶ ↑
Person.where(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4).exists?(conditions = :none) # returns a boolean indicating if any record with the given conditions exist. Person.where(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4).select("field1, field2, field3") # returns a chainable list of instances with only the mentioned fields. Person.where(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4).ids # returns an Array of ids, available since Rails 3.2.1. Person.where(name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4).pluck(:field1, :field2) # returns an Array of the required fields, available since Rails 3.1.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 67 def find(*args) if block_given? to_a.find(*args) { |*block_args| yield(*block_args) } else find_with_ids(*args) end end
Finds the first record matching the specified conditions. There is no implied ordering so if order matters, you should specify it yourself.
If no record is found, returns nil
.
Post.find_by name: 'Spartacus', rating: 4 Post.find_by "published_at < ?", 2.weeks.ago
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 83 def find_by(*args) where(*args).take rescue RangeError nil end
Like find_by
, except that if no record is found, raises an
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
error.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 91 def find_by!(*args) where(*args).take! rescue RangeError raise RecordNotFound, "Couldn't find<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with an out of range value" end
Find the first record (or first N records if a parameter is supplied). If no order is defined it will order by primary key.
Person.first # returns the first object fetched by SELECT * FROM people ORDER BY people.id LIMIT 1 Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).first Person.where(["user_name = :u", { u: user_name }]).first Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).first Person.first(3) # returns the first three objects fetched by SELECT * FROM people ORDER BY people.id LIMIT 3
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 123 def first(limit = nil) if limit find_nth_with_limit(offset_index, limit) else find_nth(0, offset_index) end end
Same as first
but raises
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
if no record is found. Note that
first!
accepts no arguments.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 133 def first! find_nth! 0 end
Find the forty-second record. Also known as accessing “the reddit”. If no order is defined it will order by primary key.
Person.forty_two # returns the forty-second object fetched by SELECT * FROM people Person.offset(3).forty_two # returns the forty-second object from OFFSET 3 (which is OFFSET 44) Person.where(["user_name = :u", { u: user_name }]).forty_two
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 240 def forty_two find_nth(41, offset_index) end
Same as forty_two
but raises
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
if no record is found.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 246 def forty_two! find_nth! 41 end
Find the fourth record. If no order is defined it will order by primary key.
Person.fourth # returns the fourth object fetched by SELECT * FROM people Person.offset(3).fourth # returns the fourth object from OFFSET 3 (which is OFFSET 6) Person.where(["user_name = :u", { u: user_name }]).fourth
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 208 def fourth find_nth(3, offset_index) end
Same as fourth
but raises
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
if no record is found.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 214 def fourth! find_nth! 3 end
Find the last record (or last N records if a parameter is supplied). If no order is defined it will order by primary key.
Person.last # returns the last object fetched by SELECT * FROM people Person.where(["user_name = ?", user_name]).last Person.order("created_on DESC").offset(5).last Person.last(3) # returns the last three objects fetched by SELECT * FROM people.
Take note that in that last case, the results are sorted in ascending order:
[#<Person id:2>, #<Person id:3>, #<Person id:4>]
and not:
[#<Person id:4>, #<Person id:3>, #<Person id:2>]
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 152 def last(limit = nil) if limit if order_values.empty? && primary_key order(arel_table[primary_key].desc).limit(limit).reverse else to_a.last(limit) end else find_last end end
Same as last
but raises
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
if no record is found. Note that
last!
accepts no arguments.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 166 def last! last or raise RecordNotFound.new("Couldn't find<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with [#{arel.where_sql}]") end
Find the second record. If no order is defined it will order by primary key.
Person.second # returns the second object fetched by SELECT * FROM people Person.offset(3).second # returns the second object from OFFSET 3 (which is OFFSET 4) Person.where(["user_name = :u", { u: user_name }]).second
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 176 def second find_nth(1, offset_index) end
Same as second
but raises
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
if no record is found.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 182 def second! find_nth! 1 end
Gives a record (or N records if a parameter is supplied) without any implied order. The order will depend on the database implementation. If an order is supplied it will be respected.
Person.take # returns an object fetched by SELECT * FROM people LIMIT 1 Person.take(5) # returns 5 objects fetched by SELECT * FROM people LIMIT 5 Person.where(["name LIKE '%?'", name]).take
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 104 def take(limit = nil) limit ? limit(limit).to_a : find_take end
Same as take
but raises
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
if no record is found. Note that
take!
accepts no arguments.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 110 def take! take or raise RecordNotFound.new("Couldn't find<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with [#{arel.where_sql}]") end
Find the third record. If no order is defined it will order by primary key.
Person.third # returns the third object fetched by SELECT * FROM people Person.offset(3).third # returns the third object from OFFSET 3 (which is OFFSET 5) Person.where(["user_name = :u", { u: user_name }]).third
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 192 def third find_nth(2, offset_index) end
Same as third
but raises
ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound
if no record is found.
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 198 def third! find_nth! 2 end
Protected Instance Methods
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 503 def find_last if loaded? @records.last else @last ||= if limit_value to_a.last else reverse_order.limit(1).to_a.first end end end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 479 def find_nth(index, offset) if loaded? @records[index] else offset += index @offsets[offset] ||= find_nth_with_limit(offset, 1).first end end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 488 def find_nth!(index) find_nth(index, offset_index) or raise RecordNotFound.new("Couldn't find<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with [#{arel.where_sql}]") end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 492 def find_nth_with_limit(offset, limit) relation = if order_values.empty? && primary_key order(arel_table[primary_key].asc) else self end relation = relation.offset(offset) unless offset.zero? relation.limit(limit).to_a end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 432 def find_one(id) if ActiveRecord::Base === id id = id.id ActiveSupport::Deprecation.warn(" You are passing an instance of ActiveRecord::Base to `find`. Please pass the id of the object by calling `.id` ".squish) end relation = where(primary_key => id) record = relation.take raise_record_not_found_exception!(id, 0, 1) unless record record end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 449 def find_some(ids) result = where(primary_key => ids).to_a expected_size = if limit_value && ids.size > limit_value limit_value else ids.size end # 11 ids with limit 3, offset 9 should give 2 results. if offset_value && (ids.size - offset_value < expected_size) expected_size = ids.size - offset_value end if result.size == expected_size result else raise_record_not_found_exception!(ids, result.size, expected_size) end end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 471 def find_take if loaded? @records.first else @take ||= limit(1).to_a.first end end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 411 def find_with_ids(*ids) raise UnknownPrimaryKey.new(@klass) if primary_key.nil? expects_array = ids.first.kind_of?(Array) return ids.first if expects_array && ids.first.empty? ids = ids.flatten.compact.uniq case ids.size when 0 raise RecordNotFound, "Couldn't find<EMAIL_ADDRESS>without an ID" when 1 result = find_one(ids.first) expects_array ? [ result ] : result else find_some(ids) end rescue RangeError raise RecordNotFound, "Couldn't find<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with an out of range ID" end
Private Instance Methods
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 379 def apply_join_dependency(relation, join_dependency) relation = relation.except(:includes, :eager_load, :preload) relation = relation.joins join_dependency if using_limitable_reflections?(join_dependency.reflections) relation else if relation.limit_value limited_ids = limited_ids_for(relation) limited_ids.empty? ? relation.none! : relation.where!(table[primary_key].in(limited_ids)) end relation.except(:limit, :offset) end end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 362 def construct_join_dependency(joins = []) including = eager_load_values + includes_values ActiveRecord::Associations::JoinDependency.new(@klass, including, joins) end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 367 def construct_relation_for_association_calculations from = arel.froms.first if Arel::Table === from apply_join_dependency(self, construct_join_dependency(joins_values)) else # FIXME: as far as I can tell, `from` will always be an Arel::Table. # There are no tests that test this branch, but presumably it's # possible for `from` to be a list? apply_join_dependency(self, construct_join_dependency(from)) end end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 333 def find_with_associations # NOTE: the JoinDependency constructed here needs to know about # any joins already present in `self`, so pass them in # # failing to do so means that in cases like activerecord/test/cases/associations/inner_join_association_test.rb:136 # incorrect SQL is generated. In that case, the join dependency for # SpecialCategorizations is constructed without knowledge of the # preexisting join in joins_values to categorizations (by way of # the `has_many :through` for categories). # join_dependency = construct_join_dependency(joins_values) aliases = join_dependency.aliases relation = select aliases.columns relation = apply_join_dependency(relation, join_dependency) if block_given? yield relation else if ActiveRecord::NullRelation === relation [] else arel = relation.arel rows = connection.select_all(arel, 'SQL', arel.bind_values + relation.bind_values) join_dependency.instantiate(rows, aliases) end end end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 394 def limited_ids_for(relation) values = @klass.connection.columns_for_distinct( "#{quoted_table_name}.#{quoted_primary_key}", relation.order_values) relation = relation.except(:select).select(values).distinct! arel = relation.arel id_rows = @klass.connection.select_all(arel, 'SQL', arel.bind_values + relation.bind_values) id_rows.map {|row| row[primary_key]} end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 329 def offset_index offset_value || 0 end
# File lib/active_record/relation/finder_methods.rb, line 405 def using_limitable_reflections?(reflections) reflections.none? { |r| r.collection? } end


The camera sweeps across the landscape and focuses on a single white feather. A breeze blows and it begins to flutter, dancing away. The camera follows almost as if it was entranced. The feather travels far; through rain and snow, over mountains and through caves, it may even pass through a machine, dodge the pistons and avoid being set alight. The feather has become the main character for the moment, filled with suspense, beauty and purpose. It lands, then it's promptly stepped on by the lead character and it's on to the main story.
The Object Tracking Shot is where the camera follows an object around the world the story is set, giving a tour or a beauty shot. May be important to the plot but doesn't have to be; it can have the actual characters in the background doing some foreshadowing and it generally appears at the start of the show.
Compare Epic Tracking Shot. For following objects that tend to impale people, you're after the Arrow Cam.
Examples:
- Pretty much the complete content of a certain Twix advert where we're shown two bars being made as they travel until the mouth of a woman. All to the backing song of So happy Together.
- The Scrooge McDuck Story The Coin from Don Rosa is an entire Object Tracking Shot following a 25cent coin "traveling" around Duckburg.
- The ticket from The Polar Express. It does this a couple of times, notably with the cotterpin for the throttle of the train.
- The eagle at the beginning of Spirit: Stallion of the Cimarron.
- The leaf at the intro of Monster House.
- The dinosaur egg and Pterodactyl at the very beginning of Dinosaur.
- Legend of the Guardians: The Owls of Ga'Hoole begins with Soren's father flying in and out the Warner Bros. and Village Roadshow logos.
- Rock-A-Doodle actually did this twice with a solar flare: the first time when we first arrive at Chanticleer's farm from outer space, and again when said flare shrinks the evil owl at the end.
- The Disney short film Paperman follows the paper-plane with a lipstick kiss on it as it floats through the city before leading a horde of paper-planes to lead the protagonist to his amour.
- The symbolic Bookends in Forrest Gump. The camera follows a feather it as it passes through a park, lands on a man's shoulder, goes above a car and under a second one then finally the feather falls right on the main character's shoes. He then picks it up and puts it in a book. In the ending, the feather starts from between Gump's shoes, flies into the sky (while still showing the main character for a while) and the feather starts dancing in the air before it turns and hit the camera.
- This shot is notable in two ways: first, at the time (1994) it was a tremendously expensive and complex CGI feat (such an effect is trivial now, of course). And second, it references a minor theme discussed throughout the film, of whether the future is decided by fate or random. Forrest, at the end, decides it's a combination of the two, and the feather demonstrates this: it moves in a seemingly random fashion, but still has a meaningful journey.
- The opening credits of Trick 'r Treat follow a man dragging a bag containing something brown and soggy, implied to be something that was once alive, occasionally panning up to focus on various characters that appear later throughout the film.
- The plastic bag floating in the breeze in American Beauty.
- The (primitive CGI) insect at the beginning of Men in Black, which ends up splatted on the windscreen of a van.
- Star Trek: Generations had the ship-christening bottle.
- Tim Burton's Charlie and the Chocolate Factory movie, following the making of a Wonka Bar.
- In Disney's Enchanted, when Giselle drops the poison apple, the camera follows it as it rolls down the stairs and across the ballroom all the way to Robert's foot.
- The mind-blowing opening shot of Lord of War follows a bullet from its construction on a factory assembly line to its use on a child soldier in Africa, the entire sequence set to Buffalo Springfield's "For What It's Worth".
- One might say that the 1993 film Twenty Bucks is an Object-Tracking Movie, following a twenty-dollar bill from the mint to the shredder and observing all the lives it touched.
- The season change transitions in the Harry Potter films are done with Hedwig, or some other bird, flying around Hogwarts.
- Including a couple of humorous ones in Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban, first with the bird that gets smashed by the Whomping Willow, and then with the camera following a single falling leaf of the Whomping Willow before the shot widens to show the tree unceremoniously shedding all of its leaves.
- Also used in the Harry Potter and The Deathly Hallows, Part 1, with the camera following a crow's feather at the beginning and at the end of the "Tale of the Three Brothers" scene.
- The FedEx package at the beginning of Cast Away.
- In Night Watch (Series) we follow a bolt that has rattled loose from a plane experiencing heavy turbulence. It falls through the vortex, past the 100's of crows circling (hitting several) into a air vent on top of a building. It bounces down through the ducts before finally popped out one of the grates into the cup of coffee of a cursed woman. Of course this ruins her coffee and she had just used the last she had to make the cup...cursed indeed.
- The camera pans around the childrens' box of gifts from Boo Radley in the opening credits of To Kill a Mockingbird.
- Les Misérables (2012): After Valjean tears up his parole record and tosses it away, the camera follows a piece that floats up to the sky then swiftly falls as the scene cuts to eight years later.
- Deleted scenes from Outlander shows that the film was originally going to be book-ended by following a crow flying around the landscape.
- The Cabin in the Woods follows an eagle as the "kids" head up the to titular cabin tracking it long enough to see it crash into the force-field surrounding the area.
- Assassin's Creed (2016) has the camera follow an eagle each time the main character enters the animius; giving us an establishing shot of the new setting of the scene. It also ties into the game's lore about how soaring eagles mark which structures are viewpoints because scaling these structures enables the subject to achieve greater synchronization with their ancestor.
- An uncommon example from literature; every The Wheel of Time book starts out with the narration following a gust of wind as it sweeps across the countries and places before settling on the first viewpoint character. The series' iconic opening passage mentions that "a wind rose" and that "the wind was not the beginning... but it was a beginning."
- A planned but unused opening credit sequence for Game of Thrones would have depicted an object tracking shot of a raven carrying messages between distant castles. Instead, the camera does track between many of the distant locales featured in the series, but it's not really following an object, and all of them are basically part of the World's Most Complicated Cuckoo Clock.
- Navi at the very beginning of The Legend of Zelda: Ocarina of Time.
- Shadow the Hedgehog does this with a flyer about the nearby comet.
- The Sandvich from Team Fortress 2's "Meet the Sandvich" video, although the camera lingers inside the fridge after it is removed and devoured off-screen.
- Then again, there WERE two slices of Sandvich in the fridge...
- "Meet The Medic" might provide a disturbing explanation about whose point of view "Meet the Sandvich" was seen from.

- Happens again at the start of Fable III when we cut away from the heroic chicken getting shot. We focus on a single white feather drifting up to the main character's room window.
- Done in Dead Fantasy VI, as part of a homage to the opening scene of Final Fantasy VIII.
- Golden Sun: The Lost Age and Golden Sun: Dark Dawn: The intro for each follows a seagull flying over the ocean.
- Done with a cigarette in the first cutscene of Freelancer.
- The Simpsons did a parody of the Forrest Gump feather where it stabs Homer in the eye, twice, before Homer stomps on it.
- Family Guy does a parody of American Beauty; where Peter Griffin follows a bag floating through the air in the Meg gets a Reality Show episode.
- At the beginning of Ed, Edd n Eddy's Halloween episode "Boo Haw Haw", a leaf flutters through the air near Peach Creek Jr High and lands on Edd's head. He then adds it to a pile of properly sorted leaves.
- There's actually a Rocket Power episode that follows Twister's lost hat until Twister finds it again.
- In the My Little Pony: Friendship Is Magic episode "Luna Eclipsed", when Luna as Nightmare Moon appears, the gust blows Applejack's hat off her head. The camera follows the hat as it travels toward the statue of Nightmare Moon.


The typical sequence for running the MockServer docker image is as follows:
In addition it is possible to customise how the container is run.To install Docker see the installation instructions.
To pull the MockServer Docker image use the pull command, as follows:
docker pull jamesdbloom/mockserver
This is not strictly necessary as the image will be automatically pulled if it does not exist when the run command is used. However, using the pull command will ensure the latest version of the image is downloaded.
Then to run MockServer as a Docker container run the following command:
docker run -d -P jamesdbloom/mockserver
The -P switch in this command tells Docker to map all ports exported by the MockServer container to dynamically allocated ports on the host machine.
To view information about the MockServer container, including which dynamic ports have been used run the following command:
docker ps
This MockServer docker container exports the following ports:
To specify which ports (on the host machine) should be mapped to the MockServer docker container use the -p <host port>:<container port> option, as follows:
docker run -d -p <serverPort>:1080 -p <proxyPort>:1090 jamesdbloom/mockserver
For example:
docker run -d -p 1080:1080 -p 1090:1090 jamesdbloom/mockserver
Only specify the required ports, for example, if you are not using the proxy there is no need to provide port mapping options for the proxy ports, as follows:
docker run -d -p 1080:1080 jamesdbloom/mockserver
By default when the MockServer container runs it executes a bash script passing three command line options, as follows
/opt/mockserver/run_mockserver.sh -logLevel INFO -serverPort 1080 -proxyPort 1090
It is possible to pass an alternative command line to the container, by pre-pending the command to the end of the run command, as follows:
docker run -d -p 1080:1080 -p 1090:1090 jamesdbloom/mockserver /opt/mockserver/run_mockserver.sh -logLevel INFO -serverPort
1080 -proxyPort 1090
For following command can be used to view the available command line switches:
docker run jamesdbloom/mockserver /opt/mockserver/run_mockserver.sh
Error: At least 'serverPort' or 'proxyPort' must be provided
run_mockserver.sh [-logLevel <level>] \
[-serverPort <port>] \
[-proxyPort <port>] \
[-proxyRemotePort <port>] \
[-proxyRemoteHost <hostname>]
valid options are:
-logLevel <level> OFF, ERROR, WARN, INFO, DEBUG, TRACE or ALL, as follows:
WARN - exceptions and errors
INFO - all interactions
-serverPort <port> Specifies the HTTP, HTTPS, SOCKS and HTTP
CONNECT port for proxy. Port unification
supports for all protocols on the same port
-proxyPort <port> Specifies the HTTP and HTTPS port for the
MockServer. Port unification is used to
support HTTP and HTTPS on the same port
-proxyRemotePort <port> Specifies the port to forward all proxy
requests to (i.e. all requests received on
portPort). This setting is used to enable
the port forwarding mode therefore this
option disables the HTTP, HTTPS, SOCKS and
HTTP CONNECT support
-proxyRemoteHost <hostname> Specified the host to forward all proxy
requests to (i.e. all requests received on
portPort). This setting is ignored unless
proxyRemotePort has been specified. If no
value is provided for proxyRemoteHost when
proxyRemotePort has been specified,
proxyRemoteHost will default to "localhost".
-genericJVMOptions <system parameters> Specified generic JVM options or system properties.
i.e. /opt/mockserver/run_mockserver.sh -logLevel INFO -serverPort 1080 -proxyPort 1090 -proxyRemotePort 80 -proxyRemoteHost www.mock-server.com -genericJVMOptions "-Dmockserver.enableCORSForAllResponses=true -Dmockserver.sslSubjectAlternativeNameDomains='org.mock-server.com,mock-server.com'"
Then the appropriate options can be specified, for example, to setup a direct proxy (from <IP_ADDRESS>:1090 to www.mock-server.com:80) using the following command:
docker run -d -p 1090:1090 jamesdbloom/mockserver /opt/mockserver/run_mockserver.sh -proxyPort 1090 -proxyRemotePort 80 -proxyRemoteHost www.mock-server.com
It is possible to launch the container with an interactive bash shell as follows:
docker run -it -p 1080:1080 -p 1090:1090 jamesdbloom/mockserver /bin/bash
Note: in this example above the -d flag (for daemon) has been replaced with -i (to stdin open) and -t (for pseudo-tty) to ensure docker creates the container in the foreground with an attached stdin, see the docker documentation for more details.


Configuration
Out of the box, there isn't much to configure for Manatee.Trello. Just set up authorization, and you're ready to go.
If, however, you're one to tinker, this page describes the various ways Manatee.Trello can be configured.
Authorization
The TrelloAuthorization
class enables entities to communicate with the Trello API by identifying the application and/or a user. It exposes two properties:
AppKey
identifies the application. Each user has one. Trello suggests that you create a dedicated account for your application to serve as a service account.UserToken
identifies a user. This is optional, however without it, only publicly visible data will be accessible, and then only for reading. When supplied, you can also get access to any private data, and the token will specify the type of access.
You can read more about authorization in Trello's documentation.
Multiple authorizations
In most cases, you'll only need to set the default keys via the TrelloAuthorization.Default
static property. However, in some cases, you may want to access different entities as different users.
To support this, all of the entity constructors and factory methods take an optional authorization parameter. Simply create a new TrelloAuthorization
instance with the alternate keys, and supply it to one of these methods.
Once an entity is created, it will use the same authorization throughout its lifetime.
General configuration
All other configuration is performed via the TrelloConfiguration
static class.
Basic behavior
Log
allows you to supply your own logging solution. The default implementation simply logs to the Debug window. ImplementILog
to provide your own solution.ThrowOnTrelloError
indicates whether Manatee.Trello will throw aTrelloInteractionException
when receiving a bad response from Trello. The default is true.ChangeSubmissionTime
specifies how long Manatee.Trello will wait for additional changes to an entity before submitting them to Trello. Setting 0 ms here will result in immediate submission and will disable call aggregation. The default value is 100 ms.RefreshThrottle
defines a time during which an entity cannot be refreshed twice. This serves to prevent rapid calls for the same entity. Setting 0 ms here will result in allRefresh()
invocations making a call to Trello's API. The default is 5 seconds.RegisterPowerUp()
registers custom power-up implementations, allowing Manatee.Trello to create instances. This is important when enumeratingBoard.PowerUps
.EnableConsistencyProcessing
enables background processing of relationships. For example, when you move a card to a new list through the web UI then refresh the card inside Manatee.Trello, the list change will be detected and the system will remove the card from the old list and add it to the new list automatically. This functionality is disabled by default.EnableDeepDownloads
enables nested resources to be downloaded. For example, when this is set to false, only a board's explicit details (name, description, etc.) will be downloaded. When this is set to true, any nested resources (lists, cards, etc.) will also be downloaded. Remember that the fields to downloaded can be configured using the entity'sDownloadedFields
static property. This property is set to true by default to maintain existing behavior.
Automatic retries
Manatee.Trello can automatically retry calls on failures, delaying a final error until the final retry fails. The following settings configure this behavior. By default, this functionality is disabled.
RetryStatusCodes
defines which HTTP status codes warrant a retry.MaxRetryCount
specifies the number of retries will be performed before finally failing.DelayBetweenRetries
indicates a static retry delay to use between each retry.RetryPredicate
allows you to implement custom logic. If set, the above values will not be used (unless used by your logic).
Components
In addition to the behavioral settings above, Manatee.Trello defines several seams where you can supply your own implementations of certain components.
Serializer
/Deserializer
allows you to provide your own JSON serializer. For more information, please see the JSON serialier page. The built-in implementation uses Manatee.Json.RestClientProvider
allows you to provide your own HTTP client. For more information, please see the REST provider page. The built-in implementation uses ASP.Net'sWebClient
.
NOTE For all you version 2 users, you may recall that these components were supplied in separate Nuget packages. This is no longer the case; those packages have been incorporated as of version 3 to serve as default implementations. This means that you no longer have to set these properties as part of your initial configuration. (Yea! Saving four lines of code!)


In Java SE 8, new classes have been added and existing classes have been enhanced to take advantage of lambda expressions and streams, which are described in the lesson Aggregate Operations in the Java Tutorials. You can find most of these new and enhanced classes in the following packages:
java.util
: An existing package which, in addition to the java.lang.invoke
package, integrates the Java Collections Framework with streams and provides general utility functionality used by streams.java.util.function
: A new package that contains general purpose functional interfaces that provide target types for lambda expressions and method references.java.util.stream
: A new package that contains the majority of interfaces and classes that provide functionality to streams and aggregate operationsMany additions to existing classes take advantage of streams. Other additions include methods that accept instances of functional interfaces, which you can invoke with lambda expressions or method references.
java.util.function
java.util.stream
Classes such as Boolean
, Integer
, and other object wrapper classes for primitive types (see Autoboxing and Unboxing) are listed here because they have been enhanced with methods that are suitable for targets of method references. For example, you can use the method Integer.sum
as a method reference, as demonstrated in the following example that adds integers contained in a list:
Integer[] intArray = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 }; List<Integer> listOfIntegers = new ArrayList<>(Arrays.asList(intArray)); System.out.println("Sum of integers: " + listOfIntegers .stream() .reduce(Integer::sum).get());
(Note that you can also add integers contained in a stream with the method IntStream.sum
.)
| Package | New Classes | Modified Classes |
java.io |
UncheckedIOException |
BufferedReader |
| not applicable |
AutoCloseable ThreadLocal String Iterable CharSequence Boolean Integer Long Float Double |
|
java.nio.file |
not applicable |
Files |
java.util |
PrimitiveIterator Spliterator DoubleSummaryStatistics IntSummaryStatistics LongSummaryStatistics Optional OptionalDouble OptionalInt OptionalLong Spliterators SplittableRandom StringJoiner |
Arrays BitSet Collection Comparator Iterator List Map Map.Entry LinkedHashMap Random TreeMap |
java.util.concurrent |
not applicable |
ThreadLocalRandom |
java.util.jar |
not applicable |
JarFile |
java.util.zip |
not applicable |
ZipFile |
java.util.logging |
not applicable |
Logger |
java.util.regex |
not applicable |
Pattern |


Contact Us
Our offices are located at:
4800 N. Mayfair Drive
Oklahoma City, OK 73112
Email Eunice at
Email Patrick at
Email Lori at
Call us at<PHONE_NUMBER> or TOLL FREE:<PHONE_NUMBER>
Fax:<PHONE_NUMBER>
We are just east off 47th & May avenue. Look for the green awnings and the American Flag!


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block page_title %} Fit note {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include "../includes/phase_banner_alpha.html" %} Fit note Do you have a fit note? Yes No Fit note start date DD MM YYYY Day Month Year Fit note end date DD MM YYYY Day Month Year You must have a fit note in order to claim Employment and Support Allowance. You have 7 days to get one. {% endblock %}
DD MM YYYY
You must have a fit note in order to claim Employment and Support Allowance. You have 7 days to get one.


'3 Black Chicks Review...'
GOSSIP (2000) Rated R; running time 90 minutes Genre: Drama IMDB site: http://us.imdb.com/Details?0176783 Official site: http://www.movies.warnerbros.com/gossip/index.html Written by: Gregory Poirier Directed by: Davis Guggenheim Starring: Lena Headey, James Marsden, Norman Reedus, Kate Hudson, Joshua Jackson, Eric Bogosian, Sharon Lawrence, Edward James Olmos (Detective Curtis)
Review Copyright Rose Cooper, 2000 Review URL: http://www.3blackchicks.com/bamsgossip.html
You Know The Movie You're Watching Is Stupid When... ...you stop bothering with taking notes on it and start wondering about silly stuff--like, do clubs that Disaffected White Teens frequent, really have big huge bathrooms and big huge bedrooms with big huge beds in them?
The Story (WARNING: **spoilers contained below**): Girl-Next-Door Cathy Jones (Lena Headey), Richie-Rich-Playboy Derek (James Marsden), and Strange-But-Loveable Travis (Norman Reedus) are Bored with living a life of privilege at their college, and even more bored with doing actual school work. Given an assignment to write a paper on the effects of rumor and innuendo by their Professor (Eric Bogosian; is his character ever actually given a name? If so, I missed it. Not that I care. But I do digress.), the trio decide to make it a group study by starting a rumor to see how far it spreads and what form it takes when it gets back to them.
 After Derek watched Bo try to have sex with the drunk, teasing, but Just Say No-ing Naomi, Derek convinces Jones and Travis to start a rumor that Bo and Naomi actually had sex, though Bo apparently walked away from a passed-out Naomi. And once the rumor spreads like Magical Wildfire across campus, Naomi--who didn't remember having said Yes--is convinced that Bo raped her; she reports his act to Detective Kelly (Sharon Lawrence), who proceeds to investigate him. Seeing their little rumor take a Nasty Turn, Jones wants to put an end to it, but is met by some resistance by Derek, who may have a secret or two of his own.

Movies like GOSSIP (and its act-alike kin, BROKEDOWN PALACE) are an insult to hard-working White high school and college students everywhere.
In GOSSIP, the lines are drawn quickly. Derek is established as a liar and womanizer early on, saving the audience from having to Discover that for ourselves; likewise, Travis is shown to be The Weird One, and maintains that persona throughout most of the flick. Strangely enough, Lena Headey chooses to play Jones with a constant smirk on her face, which only serves to make her character less likable; had she taken her character seriously and not constantly assault the audience with that winky smirk, Headey may have actually pulled off a more convincing performance. I spent the first half of the movie wondering what any of these characters saw in each other (especially once The Truth was revealed about one of them); by the second half, I no longer cared. I simply prided myself on having the ability to sit through this torture without screaming obscenities at the screen.
As for the "adults" in this flick, I had to wonder why Edward James Olmos and Sharon Lawrence were so obviously slumming. Is this what Lawrence left NYPD-BLUE for? Not that she was getting much more play there; I guess this role must've been seen as a step up, after having been ignored for so long on that show. And I don't know *what* Olmos' deal was; maybe they pay well for sleepy walk-throughs these days. Eric Bogosian is another matter entirely. One that I would just as soon forget.
I would say that the entire movie is telegraphed, leaving no surprises to be found; but that would be only partially true, if only because of the final scene. But could these folks leave well enough alone and let the twist stand on its own? I'll answer that by directing your attention to the redlight at the bottom of this review.
Ye gods, this was a bad movie. Isn't there a cable channel we can restrict these kinds of vapid flicks to? Criminy...we can Put A Man On The Moon; surely, we can Stop This Madness!
Bammer's Bottom Line: This one almost pulled out a yellow light solely on the basis of its twist ending--until they had to go and mess that up with a lame "explanation". lord, save me from Disaffected Teen Flicks.
GOSSIP (rating: redlight): Pssst...c'mere...lemme tell you a secret: "Gossip" stunk. But don't tell anybody...
3 Black Chicks...Movie Reviews With Flava! /~\ Rose "Bams" Cooper /','\ 3BlackChicks Enterprises /','`'\ Copyright Rose Cooper, 2000 /',',','/`, EMAIL<EMAIL_ADDRESS>ICQ: 7760005 `~-._'c / http://www.3blackchicks.com/ `\ ( http://www.evenbetter.com/?partner=1987 /====\
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rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Overview
HTTP status codes
This API tries to adhere as closely as possible to standard HTTP and REST conventions in its use of HTTP status codes.
| Status code | Usage |
|---|---|
|
The request completed successfully |
|
The request was malformed. The response body will include an error providing further information |
|
The requested resource did not exist |
Errors
Whenever an error response (status code >= 400) is returned, the body will contain a JSON object that describes the problem. The error object has the following structure:
| Path | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
error |
String |
The HTTP error that occurred, e.g. |
message |
String |
A description of the cause of the error |
path |
String |
The path to which the request was made |
status |
Number |
The HTTP status code, e.g. |
timestamp |
Number |
The time, in milliseconds, at which the error occurred |
For example, a request that attempts to apply a non-existent tag to a resource will produce a
400 Bad Request
response:
HTTP/1.1 404 Not Found
Content-Type: application/json;charset=UTF-8
Content-Length: 153
{
"timestamp" :<PHONE_NUMBER>039,
"status" : 404,
"error" : "Not Found",
"message" : "Resource not found",
"path" : "/ols/api/ontologies/foobar"
}
Hypermedia
This API uses hypermedia and resources include links to other resources in their
responses. Responses are in Hypertext Application
Language (HAL) format. Links can be found beneath the _links
key. Users of the API should
not create URIs themselves, instead they should use the above-described links to navigate
from resource to resource.
Listing resources
Requests that return multiple resources will be paginated to 20 items by default. You can change the number of items
returned using the size
parameter up to a maximum of 500 for a single request. The API also supports the page
parameter for accessing a specific page of items.
Paging resources
Links will be provided in the response to navigate the resources.
Example response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
{
"_links" : {
"first" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies?page=0&size=1"
},
"prev" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies?page=0&size=1"
},
"self" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies"
},
"next" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies?page=2&size=1"
},
"last" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies?page=140&size=1"
}
},
"_embedded" : {
...
},
"page" : {
"size" : 1,
"totalElements" : 141,
"totalPages" : 141,
"number" : 1
}
}
Response structure
| Path | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
_links |
Object |
Links to other resources |
_embedded |
Object |
The list of resources |
page.size |
Number |
The number of resources in this page |
page.totalElements |
Number |
The total number of resources |
page.totalPages |
Number |
The total number of pages |
page.number |
Number |
The page number |
Resources
API
The api endpoint provides the entry point into the service.
Accessing the API
A GET
request is used to access the API
Response structure
| Path | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
_links |
Object |
Links to other resources |
Example response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 432
{
"_links" : {
"ontologies" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies"
},
"individuals" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/individuals"
},
"terms" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms"
},
"properties" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/properties"
},
"profile" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/profile"
}
}
}
Ontologies
The Ontologies resources is used to list ontologies in OLS
Listing ontologies
A GET
request will list all of the OLS ontologies.
Example request
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Response structure
The response is paginated where the individual ontology resources are in the _embedded.ontologies
field.
Ontology
Retrieve an ontology
GET /ols/api/ontologies/{ontology_id}
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology_id |
The ontology id in OLS |
Example request
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Example response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 3386
{
"ontologyId" : "efo",
"loaded" : "2019-04-01T10:31:42.870+0000",
"updated" : "2019-04-01T10:31:42.870+0000",
"status" : "LOADED",
"message" : "",
"version" : null,
"numberOfTerms" : 22669,
"numberOfProperties" : 328,
"numberOfIndividuals" : 0,
"config" : {
"id" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/efo.owl",
"versionIri" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/releases/2019-03-18/efo.owl",
"title" : "Experimental Factor Ontology",
"namespace" : "efo",
"preferredPrefix" : "EFO",
"description" : "The Experimental Factor Ontology (EFO) provides a systematic description of many experimental variables available in EBI databases, and for external projects such as the NHGRI GWAS catalogue. It combines parts of several biological ontologies, such as anatomy, disease and chemical compounds. The scope of EFO is to support the annotation, analysis and visualization of data handled by many groups at the EBI and as the core ontology for the Centre for Therapeutic Validation (CTTV)",
"homepage" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo",
"version" : "2.106",
"mailingList"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>"creators" : [ ],
"annotations" : {
"license" : [ "www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0" ],
"creator" : [ "Gautier Koscielny", "Simon Jupp", "Jon Ison", "Laura Huerta Martinez", "Helen Parkinson", "Eleanor Williams", "James Malone", "Zoe May Pendlington", "Trish Whetzel", "Sirarat Sarntivijai", "Catherine Leroy", "Ele Holloway", "Tomasz Adamusiak", "Emma Kate Hastings", "Olamidipupo Ajigboye", "Paola Roncaglia", "Natalja Kurbatova", "Dani Welter", "Drashtti Vasant" ],
"rights" : [ "Copyright [2014] EMBL - European Bioinformatics Institute \nLicensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the \"License\"); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an \"AS IS\" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the \nLicense. " ],
"format-version" : [ "1.4" ],
"comment" : [ "2019-03-18" ]
},
"fileLocation" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/efo.owl",
"reasonerType" : "OWL2",
"oboSlims" : false,
"labelProperty" : "http://www.w3.org/2000/01/rdf-schema#label",
"definitionProperties" : [ "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/definition" ],
"synonymProperties" : [ "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/alternative_term" ],
"hierarchicalProperties" : [ "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0002202", "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/BFO_0000050" ],
"baseUris" : [ "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_" ],
"hiddenProperties" : [ "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/has_flag" ],
"internalMetadataProperties" : [ "http://www.w3.org/2002/07/owl#versionInfo" ],
"skos" : false
},
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo"
},
"terms" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms"
},
"properties" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/properties"
},
"individuals" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/individuals"
}
}
}
Links
| Relation | Description |
|---|---|
self |
This ontology |
terms |
|
properties |
Paginated list of properties in the ontology |
individuals |
Paginated list of individuals in the ontology |
Terms
The terms resources is used to list terms (or classes) in OLS from a particular ontology
Listing ontology terms
GET /ols/api/ontologies/{ontology_id}/terms
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology_id |
The ontology id in OLS |
Optional parameters
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
iri |
Filter by IRI, when using IRI the result will always be one |
short_form |
Filter by IRI shortform, these values aren’t guaranteed to be unique e.g. GO_0098743 |
obo_id |
Filter by OBO id. This is OBO style id that aren’t guaranteed to be unique within a given ontology e.g. GO:0098743 |
Example request
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Response structure
The response is paginated where the individual term resources are in the _embedded.terms
field.
Term
Retrieve a term
Example request
GET /ols/api/ontologies/{ontology}/terms/{iri}
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology |
The OLS ontology id e.g. go |
iri |
The IRI of the terms, this value must be double URL encoded |
Example request
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Example response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Disposition: inline;filename=f.txt
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 3624
{
"iri" : "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0043226",
"label" : "GO_0043226",
"description" : [ "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane." ],
"annotation" : {
"hasDbXref" : [ "NIF_Subcellular:sao1539965131", "Wikipedia:Organelle" ],
"hasOBONamespace" : [ "cellular_component" ],
"id" : [ "GO:0043226" ]
},
"synonyms" : null,
"ontology_name" : "go",
"ontology_prefix" : "GO",
"ontology_iri" : "http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/go.owl",
"is_obsolete" : false,
"term_replaced_by" : null,
"is_defining_ontology" : true,
"has_children" : true,
"is_root" : false,
"short_form" : "GO_0043226",
"obo_id" : "GO:0043226",
"in_subset" : [ "goslim_chembl", "goslim_generic", "goslim_pir" ],
"obo_definition_citation" : [ {
"definition" : "Organized structure of distinctive morphology and function. Includes the nucleus, mitochondria, plastids, vacuoles, vesicles, ribosomes and the cytoskeleton, and prokaryotic structures such as anammoxosomes and pirellulosomes. Excludes the plasma membrane.",
"oboXrefs" : [ {
"database" : "GOC",
"id" : "go_curators",
"description" : null,
"url" : null
} ]
} ],
"obo_xref" : [ {
"database" : "Wikipedia",
"id" : "Organelle",
"description" : null,
"url" : "http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organelle"
}, {
"database" : "NIF_Subcellular",
"id" : "sao1539965131",
"description" : null,
"url" : "http://www.neurolex.org/wiki/sao1539965131"
} ],
"obo_synonym" : null,
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226"
},
"parents" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/parents"
},
"ancestors" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/ancestors"
},
"hierarchicalParents" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/hierarchicalParents"
},
"hierarchicalAncestors" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/hierarchicalAncestors"
},
"jstree" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/jstree"
},
"children" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/children"
},
"descendants" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/descendants"
},
"hierarchicalChildren" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/hierarchicalChildren"
},
"hierarchicalDescendants" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/hierarchicalDescendants"
},
"graph" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FGO_0043226/graph"
}
}
}
Links
| Relation | Description |
|---|---|
self |
Link to this resource |
parents |
Link to the direct parent resources for this term |
hierarchicalParents |
Link to the direct hierarchical parent resources for this term. Hierarchical parents include is-a and other related parents, such as part-of/develops-from, that imply a hierarchical relationship |
hierarchicalAncestors |
Link to all hierarchical ancestors (all parents’s parents) resources for this term. Hierarchical ancestors include is-a and other related parents, such as part-of/develops-from, that imply a hierarchical relationship |
ancestors |
Link to all parent resources for this term |
children |
Link to the direct children resources for this term |
hierarchicalChildren |
Link to the direct hierarchical children resources for this term. Hierarchical children include is-a and other related children, such as part-of/develops-from, that imply a hierarchical relationship |
hierarchicalDescendants |
Link to all hierarchical children resources for this term. Hierarchical children include is-a and other related children, such as part-of/develops-from, that imply a hierarchical relationship |
descendants |
Link to all child resources for this term |
jstree |
A JSON tree structure of the term hierarchy |
graph |
A JSON graph structure of the immediately related nodes |
Parent/child relationships for terms
The RESTful way to retrieve direct parent/child or all parent/child (ancestors/descendant) terms is to follow the _links URL on a given term. There are cases where it is convenient to request parent/child terms for a given term when you only have the URI or short id. For these cases we have implemented a convenient endpoint for these that takes a term id as a parameter. There are methods for all parent/child relationships as documented in the links sections for term resources.
Example request
GET /ols/api/ontologies/{ontology}/parents
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology |
The OLS ontology id e.g. go |
id |
The id of the term, can be URI, short form or obo id |
Example requests
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/parents?id=GO:0043226' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/children?id=GO:0043226' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/ancestors?id=GO:0043226' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/descendants?id=GO:0043226' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/hierarchicalDescendants?id=GO:0043226' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/go/hierarchicalAncestors?id=GO:0043226' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Term matching across ontologies
It is possible to search for terms across ontologies using the requests and responses as defined in this section.
Example requests
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms?iri=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms?short_form=EFO_0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms?obo_id=EFO:0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms?id=EFO:0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Example response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Disposition: inline;filename=f.txt
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 3022
{
"_embedded" : {
"terms" : [ {
"iri" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000001",
"label" : "EFO_0000001",
"description" : null,
"annotation" : {
"IAO_0000115" : [ "An experimental factor in Array Express which are essentially the variable aspects of an experiment design which can be used to describe an experiment, or set of experiments, in an increasingly detailed manner. This upper level class is really used to give a root class from which applications can rely on and not be tied to upper ontology classses which do change." ],
"IAO_0000117" : [ "Helen Parkinson", "James Malone", "Tomasz Adamusiak", "Jie Zheng" ],
"MO_definition_citation" : [ "MO:10" ],
"bioportal_provenance" : [ "ExperimentalFactor[accessedResource: MO_10][accessDate: 05-04-2011]" ],
"comment" : [ "Concept naming convention is lower case natural naming with spaces, when necessary captials should be used, for example disease factor, HIV, breast carcinoma, Ewing's sarcoma" ],
"created_by" : [ "Helen Parkinson", "James Malone", "Tomasz Adamusiak" ],
"organizational_class" : [ "true" ]
},
"synonyms" : [ "ExperimentalFactor" ],
"ontology_name" : "efo",
"ontology_prefix" : "EFO",
"ontology_iri" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/efo.owl",
"is_obsolete" : false,
"term_replaced_by" : null,
"is_defining_ontology" : true,
"has_children" : true,
"is_root" : true,
"short_form" : "EFO_0000001",
"obo_id" : "EFO:0000001",
"in_subset" : null,
"obo_definition_citation" : null,
"obo_xref" : null,
"obo_synonym" : null,
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001"
},
"children" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/children"
},
"descendants" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/descendants"
},
"hierarchicalChildren" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/hierarchicalChildren"
},
"hierarchicalDescendants" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/hierarchicalDescendants"
},
"graph" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/graph"
}
}
} ]
},
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001"
}
},
"page" : {
"size" : 20,
"totalElements" : 1,
"totalPages" : 1,
"number" : 0
}
}
Terms based on defining ontology
Where users are interested in a particular ontology, they may also be interested in retrieving only terms from that ontology. The requests and reponses in this section defines an API for achieving this.
Example requests
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology?iri=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology?short_form=EFO_0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology?obo_id=EFO:0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology?id=EFO:0000001' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Example response
HTTP/1.1 200 OK
Content-Disposition: inline;filename=f.txt
Content-Type: application/json
Content-Length: 3052
{
"_embedded" : {
"terms" : [ {
"iri" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000001",
"label" : "EFO_0000001",
"description" : null,
"annotation" : {
"IAO_0000115" : [ "An experimental factor in Array Express which are essentially the variable aspects of an experiment design which can be used to describe an experiment, or set of experiments, in an increasingly detailed manner. This upper level class is really used to give a root class from which applications can rely on and not be tied to upper ontology classses which do change." ],
"IAO_0000117" : [ "Helen Parkinson", "James Malone", "Tomasz Adamusiak", "Jie Zheng" ],
"MO_definition_citation" : [ "MO:10" ],
"bioportal_provenance" : [ "ExperimentalFactor[accessedResource: MO_10][accessDate: 05-04-2011]" ],
"comment" : [ "Concept naming convention is lower case natural naming with spaces, when necessary captials should be used, for example disease factor, HIV, breast carcinoma, Ewing's sarcoma" ],
"created_by" : [ "Helen Parkinson", "James Malone", "Tomasz Adamusiak" ],
"organizational_class" : [ "true" ]
},
"synonyms" : [ "ExperimentalFactor" ],
"ontology_name" : "efo",
"ontology_prefix" : "EFO",
"ontology_iri" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/efo.owl",
"is_obsolete" : false,
"term_replaced_by" : null,
"is_defining_ontology" : true,
"has_children" : true,
"is_root" : true,
"short_form" : "EFO_0000001",
"obo_id" : "EFO:0000001",
"in_subset" : null,
"obo_definition_citation" : null,
"obo_xref" : null,
"obo_synonym" : null,
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001"
},
"children" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/children"
},
"descendants" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/descendants"
},
"hierarchicalChildren" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/hierarchicalChildren"
},
"hierarchicalDescendants" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/hierarchicalDescendants"
},
"graph" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/ontologies/efo/terms/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001/graph"
}
}
} ]
},
"_links" : {
"self" : {
"href" : "http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/terms/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000001"
}
},
"page" : {
"size" : 20,
"totalElements" : 1,
"totalPages" : 1,
"number" : 0
}
}
Properties and individuals
You can access property (relationships) and ontology individuals (instances) following similar methods to terms.
Retrieve a property
GET /ols/api/ontologies/{ontology}/properties/{iri}
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology |
The OLS ontology id e.g. go |
iri |
The IRI of the relation, this value must be double URL encoded |
Property matching across ontologies
Similar to terms, properties can be found based on id. See Term matching across ontologies. Here we only provide 2 examples: Both examples retrieve a property based on its IRI. The first illustrates finding a property where the IRI is specified as part of the path and the second illustrates finding a property where the IRI is specified as a parameter.
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/properties/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000784' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/properties?iri=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000784' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Properties based on defining ontology
Similar to terms, users may want to only access properties that are related to a particular ontology. See Terms based on defining ontology.
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/properties/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology/http%253A%252F%252Fwww.ebi.ac.uk%252Fefo%252FEFO_0000784' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/properties/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology?iri=http://www.ebi.ac.uk/efo/EFO_0000784' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Retrieve an individual
GET /ols/api/ontologies/{ontology}/individuals/{iri}
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology |
The OLS ontology id e.g. go |
iri |
The IRI of the individual, this value must be double URL encoded |
Individual matching across ontologies
Similar to terms, individuals can be found based on id. See Term matching across ontologies. Here we only provide 2 examples: Both examples retrieve an individual based on its IRI. The first illustrates finding an individual where the IRI is specified as part of the path and the second illustrates finding an individual where the IRI is specified as a parameter.
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/individuals/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FIAO_0000125' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/individuals?iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/IAO_0000125' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Individual based on defining ontology
Similar to terms, users may want to only access individuals that are related to a particular ontology. See Terms based on defining ontology.
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/individuals/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology/http%253A%252F%252Fpurl.obolibrary.org%252Fobo%252FRO_0001901' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
$ curl -L 'http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ols/api/individuals/findByIdAndIsDefiningOntology?iri=http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/RO_0001901' -i -H 'Accept: application/json'
Search
Search terms
The search API is independent of the REST API and supports free text search over the ontologies. The default search is across all textual fields in the ontology, but results are ranked towards hits in labels, then synonyms, then definitions, then annotations.
GET /api/search?q={query}
Search parameters
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
query |
The terms to search. By default the search is performed over term labels, synonyms, descriptions, identifiers and annotation properties. |
You can override the fields that are searched by supplying a queryFields
argument. For example, to query on labels and synonyms use
GET /ols/api/search?q={query}&queryFields={label,synonym}
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology |
Restrict a search to a set of ontologies e.g. |
type |
Restrict a search to an entity type, one of {class,property,individual,ontology} |
slim |
Restrict a search to an particular set of slims by name |
fieldList |
Specifcy the fields to return, the defaults are {iri,label,short_form,obo_id,ontology_name,ontology_prefix,description,type} |
queryFields |
Specifcy the fields to query, the defaults are {label, synonym, description, short_form, obo_id, annotations, logical_description, iri} |
exact |
Set to true for exact matches |
groupField |
Set to true to group results by unique id (IRI) |
obsoletes |
Set to true to include obsoleted terms in the results |
local |
Set to true to only return terms that are in a defining ontology e.g. Only return matches to gene ontology terms in the gene ontology, and exclude ontologies where those terms are also referenced |
childrenOf |
You can restrict a search to children of a given term. Supply a list of IRI for the terms that you want to search under |
allChildrenOf |
You can restrict a search to all children of a given term. Supply a list of IRI for the terms that you want to search under (subclassOf/is-a plus any hierarchical/transitive properties like 'part of' or 'develops from') |
rows |
How many results per page |
start |
The results page number |
Select terms
We provide an additional search endopint that is designed specifically for selecting ontology terms. This has been tuned specifically to support applications such as autocomplete.
GET /ols/api/select?q={query}
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology |
Restrict a search to a set of ontologies e.g. |
type |
Restrict a search to an entity type, one of {class,property,individual,ontology} |
slim |
Restrict a search to an particular set of slims by name |
fieldList |
Specify the fields to return, the defaults are {iri,label,short_form,obo_id,ontology_name,ontology_prefix,description,type} |
obsoletes |
Set to true to include obsoleted terms in the results |
local |
Set to true to only return terms that are in a defining ontology e.g. Only return matches to gene ontology terms in the gene ontology, and exclude ontologies where those terms are also referenced |
childrenOf |
You can restrict a search to all children of a given term. Supply a list of IRI for the terms that you want to search under (subclassOf/is-a relation only) |
allChildrenOf |
You can restrict a search to all children of a given term. Supply a list of IRI for the terms that you want to search under (subclassOf/is-a plus any hierarchical/transitive properties like 'part of' or 'develops from') |
rows |
How many results per page |
start |
The results page number |
Suggest term
We also provide a generic suggester endpoint. This endpoint aims to provide traditional autosuggest based on all the vocabulary in OLS (all class labels or synonyms). All results from this endpoint are unique and are not coupled to any particular ontology, however, searches can be restricted by ontology.
GET /ols/api/suggest?q={query}
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
ontology |
Restrict a search to a set of ontologies e.g. |
rows |
How many results per page |
start |
The results page number |


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Home


FMOD Integration
FMOD is a world class sound engine used by many AAA games. FMOD Studio is an incredibly powerful tool to manage your sounds.
ezEngine integrates FMOD with a plugin.
Important:
Be aware that FMOD is a commercial product. Before you distribute a project made with EZ that includes FMOD functionality, check the FMOD licensing options.
Video: How to set up Fmod for Sound
Using a Different FMOD SDK
To compile the FMOD plugin, parts of the official FMOD SDK are necessary. On Windows, EZ contains these files already. If you build EZ for a different platform, or want to use a newer FMOD version, follow these steps:
- Create a free account at fmod.com and sign in.
- Download and install the FMOD Studio API SDK for Windows (or whichever platform you need).
- Download and install FMOD Studio (only needed by people who want to edit FMOD projects).
- Enable FMOD in the CMake configuration.
- Clean the CMake cache and regenerate. This way CMake will pick up the installed FMOD SDK rather than the built-in one.
- Compile the engine.
Using FMOD Studio
FMOD Studio is the tool with which you edit the FMOD sound events. This tool is not provided with EZ and has to be installed separately:
- Create a free account at fmod.com and sign in.
- Download and install FMOD Studio.
FMOD Studio has a vast number of features. Describing how it works is out of scope for this documentation. Instead have a look at these resources:
There is a set of tutorials about FMOD in Unreal, which is a very good introduction. There are also several videos about FMOD in Unity. Since most of the work is done in FMOD Studio anyway, most things that you see in those videos apply equally to EZ.
- FMOD Studio for UE4 Video 1 - Getting Started
- Audio for Unity 5: Viking Village (1/5) - Getting Started
FMOD Project Settings
For project wide FMOD settings, go to Editor > Project Settings > FMOD Project Settings...
Important:
Although you can configure profiles for multiple platforms, at the moment only the Desktop profile will be used.
The most important thing to configure here is to choose the Masterbank file. For what a master sound bank is, please refer to the FMOD documentation. If you haven't created any sound banks yet, you should start by creating an FMOD Studio project and come back when you have exported a master bank.
The other options are best left at their default values. See the FMOD documentation for details.
Once you have these things set up, you can create your first sound bank asset, through which you get FMOD sound data into the engine.
Sample Data
A sample FMOD Studio project is available under Data/Content/Sound, including pre-exported sound banks. These are also used by the sample projects, such as the Testing Chambers.
Note:
When opening the sample FMOD Studio projects from EZ, FMOD Studio may ask you to upgrade the project to the latest version. This should work fine.
Scene Editing Settings
The FMOD editor plugin adds UI elements to mute sound entirely and to adjust the master volume:


Emotional intelligence or EI is the ability to understand and manage your own emotions, and those of the people around you. People with a high degree of emotional intelligence know what they're feeling, what their emotions mean, and how these emotions can affect other people.
IQ, or intelligence quotient, is a number derived from a standardized intelligence test. On the original IQ tests, scores were calculated by dividing the individual's mental age by his or her chronological age and then multiplying that number by 100.
IQ was viewed as the primary determinant of success. People with high IQs were assumed to be destined for a life of accomplishment and achievement and researchers debated whether intelligence was the product of genes or the environment However, some critics began to realize that not only was high intelligence no guarantee for success in life, it was also perhaps too narrow a concept to fully encompass the wide range of human abilities and knowledge. The concept of emotional intelligence has had a strong impact in a number of areas, including the business world. Many companies now mandate emotional intelligence training and utilize EQ tests as part of the hiring process. Emotional abilities can also influence the choices that consumers make when confronted with buying decisions. Nobel-prize winning psychologist Daniel Kahneman has found that people would rather deal with a person that they trust and like rather than someone they do not, even if that means paying more for an inferior product.
According to one meta-analysis that looked at the results of social and emotional learning programs, the answer to that question is an unequivocal yes. The study found that approximately 50 percent of kids enrolled in SEL programs had better achievement scores and almost 40 percent showed improved grade-point-averages. These programs were also linked to lowered suspension rates, increased school attendance, and reduced disciplinary problems. Some strategies for teaching emotional intelligence include offering character education, modeling positive behaviors, encouraging people to think about how others are feeling, and finding ways to be more empathetic toward others.


HOMEPAGE by Bam
First students. ( DONE
Courses Avaliable (Register a Course. Done) (Register as Student - Not started)
Different academies (Register as an Academy) DONE
Applying for either as an Academy Sponsor or Student is in the
homepage. (Example Fund Me/Become a Sponsor would lead to a page to apply as a sponsor.) First Section


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Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are called greenhouse gases.Greenhouse gases cause the greenhouse effect. The primary greenhouse gases in Earth's atmosphere are water vapor, carbon dioxide, methane, nitrous oxide and ozone. Without greenhouse gases, the average temperature of Earth' s surface would be about −18 °C (0 °F), rather than the present average of 15 °C (59 °F).
Human activities since the beginning of the Industrial Revolution (around 1750) have produced a 40% increase in the atmospheric concentration of carbon dioxide (CO2), from 280 ppm in 1750 to 406 ppm in early 2017. This increase has occurred despite the uptake of more than half of the emissions by various natural "sinks" involved in the carbon cycle.The vast majority of anthropogenic carbon dioxide emissions (i.e., emissions produced by human activities) come from combustion of fossil fuels, principally coal, oil, and natural gas, with additional contributions coming from deforestation, changes in land use, soil erosion and agriculture (including livestock). Should greenhouse gas emissions continue at their rate in 2017, Earth's surface temperature could exceed historical values as early as 2047, with potentially harmful effects on ecosystems, biodiversity and human livelihoods. At current emission rates temperatures could increase by 2 °C, which the United Nations' IPCC designated as the upper limit to avoid "dangerous" levels, by 2036.
In 2016, emissions of carbon dioxide (CO2) by the U.S. electric power sector were 1,744 million metric tons,
CO2 emissions by U.S. electric power sector by source, 2016
| Source | Million metric tons | Share of sector total |
| Coal | 1,207 | 69% |
| Natural gas | 506 | 29% |
| Petroleum | 19 | 1% |
| Other2 | 12 | <1% |
| Total | 1,744 |
Source: U.S.Energy Information Administration