| PostgreSQL 9.0.10 Documentation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 17. Server Setup and Operation | Next |
A large PostgreSQL installation can quickly exhaust various operating system resource limits. (On some systems, the factory defaults are so low that you don't even need a really "large" installation.) If you have encountered this kind of problem, keep reading.
Shared memory and semaphores are collectively referred to as "System V IPC" (together with message queues, which are not relevant for PostgreSQL). Almost all modern operating systems provide these features, but many of them don't have them turned on or sufficiently sized by default, especially as available RAM and the demands of database applications grow. (On Windows, PostgreSQL provides its own replacement implementation of these facilities, so most of this section can be disregarded.)
The complete lack of these facilities is usually manifested by an Illegal system call error upon server start. In that case there is no alternative but to reconfigure your kernel. PostgreSQL won't work without them. This situation is rare, however, among modern operating systems.
When PostgreSQL exceeds one of the various hard IPC limits, the server will refuse to start and should leave an instructive error message describing the problem and what to do about it. (See also Section 17.3.1.) The relevant kernel parameters are named consistently across different systems; Table 17-1 gives an overview. The methods to set them, however, vary. Suggestions for some platforms are given below.
Table 17-1. System V IPC parameters
| Name | Description | Reasonable values |
|---|---|---|
| SHMMAX | Maximum size of shared memory segment (bytes) | at least several megabytes (see text) |
| SHMMIN | Minimum size of shared memory segment (bytes) | 1 |
| SHMALL | Total amount of shared memory available (bytes or pages) | if bytes, same as SHMMAX; if pages, ceil(SHMMAX/PAGE_SIZE) |
| SHMSEG | Maximum number of shared memory segments per process | only 1 segment is needed, but the default is much higher |
| SHMMNI | Maximum number of shared memory segments system-wide | like SHMSEG plus room for other applications |
| SEMMNI | Maximum number of semaphore identifiers (i.e., sets) | at least ceil((max_connections + autovacuum_max_workers + 4) / 16) |
| SEMMNS | Maximum number of semaphores system-wide | ceil((max_connections + autovacuum_max_workers + 4) / 16) * 17 plus room for other applications |
| SEMMSL | Maximum number of semaphores per set | at least 17 |
| SEMMAP | Number of entries in semaphore map | see text |
| SEMVMX | Maximum value of semaphore | at least 1000 (The default is often 32767; do not change unless necessary) |
The most important
shared memory parameter is SHMMAX, the maximum size, in
bytes, of a shared memory segment. If you get an error message from
shmget
like "Invalid argument", it is
likely that this limit has been exceeded. The size of the required
shared memory segment varies depending on several
PostgreSQL configuration parameters, as shown in
Table 17-2. (Any error message you might
get will include the exact size of the failed allocation request.)
You can, as a temporary solution, lower some of those settings to
avoid the failure. While it is possible to get
PostgreSQL to run with SHMMAX as small as
2 MB, you need considerably more for acceptable performance. Desirable
settings are in the hundreds of megabytes to a few gigabytes.
Some systems also have a limit on the total amount of shared memory in the system (SHMALL). Make sure this is large enough for PostgreSQL plus any other applications that are using shared memory segments. Note that SHMALL is measured in pages rather than bytes on many systems.
Less likely to cause problems is the minimum size for shared memory segments (SHMMIN), which should be at most approximately 500 kB for PostgreSQL (it is usually just 1). The maximum number of segments system-wide (SHMMNI) or per-process (SHMSEG) are unlikely to cause a problem unless your system has them set to zero.
PostgreSQL uses one semaphore per allowed connection
(max_connections) and allowed autovacuum worker
process (autovacuum_max_workers), in sets of 16.
Each such set will
also contain a 17th semaphore which contains a "magic
number", to detect collision with semaphore sets used by
other applications. The maximum number of semaphores in the system
is set by SEMMNS, which consequently must be at least
as high as max_connections plus
autovacuum_max_workers, plus one extra for each 16
allowed connections plus workers (see the formula in Table 17-1). The parameter SEMMNI
determines the limit on the number of semaphore sets that can
exist on the system at one time. Hence this parameter must be at
least ceil((max_connections + autovacuum_max_workers + 4) / 16).
Lowering the number
of allowed connections is a temporary workaround for failures,
which are usually confusingly worded "No space
left on device", from the function semget
.
In some cases it might also be necessary to increase SEMMAP to be at least on the order of SEMMNS. This parameter defines the size of the semaphore resource map, in which each contiguous block of available semaphores needs an entry. When a semaphore set is freed it is either added to an existing entry that is adjacent to the freed block or it is registered under a new map entry. If the map is full, the freed semaphores get lost (until reboot). Fragmentation of the semaphore space could over time lead to fewer available semaphores than there should be.
The SEMMSL parameter, which determines how many semaphores can be in a set, must be at least 17 for PostgreSQL.
Various other settings related to "semaphore undo", such as SEMMNU and SEMUME, do not affect PostgreSQL.
At least as of version 5.1, it should not be necessary to do any special configuration for such parameters as SHMMAX, as it appears this is configured to allow all memory to be used as shared memory. That is the sort of configuration commonly used for other databases such as DB/2.
It might, however, be necessary to modify the global ulimit information in /etc/security/limits, as the default hard limits for file sizes (fsize) and numbers of files (nofiles) might be too low.
Shared Memory. By default, only 4 MB of shared memory is supported. Keep in mind that shared memory is not pageable; it is locked in RAM. To increase the amount of shared memory supported by your system, add something like the following to your kernel configuration file:
options "SHMALL=8192" options "SHMMAX=\(SHMALL*PAGE_SIZE\)"
SHMALL is measured in 4 kB pages, so a value of 1024 represents 4 MB of shared memory. Therefore the above increases the maximum shared memory area to 32 MB. For those running 4.3 or later, you will probably also need to increase KERNEL_VIRTUAL_MB above the default 248. Once all changes have been made, recompile the kernel, and reboot.
Semaphores. You will probably want to increase the number of semaphores as well; the default system total of 60 will only allow about 50 PostgreSQL connections. Set the values you want in your kernel configuration file, e.g.:
options "SEMMNI=40" options "SEMMNS=240"
The default settings are only suitable for small installations (for example, default SHMMAX is 32 MB). Changes can be made via the sysctl or loader interfaces. The following parameters can be set using sysctl:
$ sysctl -w kern.ipc.shmall=32768 $ sysctl -w kern.ipc.shmmax=134217728 $ sysctl -w kern.ipc.semmap=256
To have these settings persist over reboots, modify /etc/sysctl.conf.
The remaining semaphore settings are read-only as far as sysctl is concerned, but can be changed before boot using the loader prompt:
(loader) set kern.ipc.semmni=256 (loader) set kern.ipc.semmns=512 (loader) set kern.ipc.semmnu=256
Similarly these can be saved between reboots in /boot/loader.conf.
You might also want to configure your kernel to lock shared memory into RAM and prevent it from being paged out to swap. This can be accomplished using the sysctl setting kern.ipc.shm_use_phys.
If running in FreeBSD jails by enabling sysctl's security.jail.sysvipc_allowed, postmasters running in different jails should be run by different operating system users. This improves security because it prevents non-root users from interfering with shared memory or semaphores in different jails, and it allows the PostgreSQL IPC cleanup code to function properly. (In FreeBSD 6.0 and later the IPC cleanup code does not properly detect processes in other jails, preventing the running of postmasters on the same port in different jails.)
FreeBSD versions before 4.0 work like OpenBSD (see below).
In NetBSD 5.0 and later, IPC parameters can be adjusted using sysctl, for example:
$ sysctl -w kern.ipc.shmmax=16777216
To have these settings persist over reboots, modify /etc/sysctl.conf.
You might also want to configure your kernel to lock shared memory into RAM and prevent it from being paged out to swap. This can be accomplished using the sysctl setting kern.ipc.shm_use_phys.
NetBSD versions before 5.0 work like OpenBSD (see below), except that parameters should be set with the keyword options not option.
The options SYSVSHM and SYSVSEM need to be enabled when the kernel is compiled. (They are by default.) The maximum size of shared memory is determined by the option SHMMAXPGS (in pages). The following shows an example of how to set the various parameters:
option SYSVSHM option SHMMAXPGS=4096 option SHMSEG=256 option SYSVSEM option SEMMNI=256 option SEMMNS=512 option SEMMNU=256 option SEMMAP=256
You might also want to configure your kernel to lock shared memory into RAM and prevent it from being paged out to swap. This can be accomplished using the sysctl setting kern.ipc.shm_use_phys.
The default settings tend to suffice for normal installations. On HP-UX 10, the factory default for SEMMNS is 128, which might be too low for larger database sites.
IPC parameters can be set in the System Administration Manager (SAM) under Kernel Configuration->Configurable Parameters. Choose Create A New Kernel when you're done.
The default maximum segment size is 32 MB, which is only adequate for very small PostgreSQL installations. The default maximum total size is 2097152 pages. A page is almost always 4096 bytes except in unusual kernel configurations with "huge pages" (use getconf PAGE_SIZE to verify). That makes a default limit of 8 GB, which is often enough, but not always.
The shared memory size settings can be changed via the sysctl interface. For example, to allow 16 GB:
$ sysctl -w kernel.shmmax=17179869184 $ sysctl -w kernel.shmall=4194304
In addition these settings can be preserved between reboots in the file /etc/sysctl.conf. Doing that is highly recommended.
Ancient distributions might not have the sysctl program, but equivalent changes can be made by manipulating the /proc file system:
$ echo<PHONE_NUMBER>4 >/proc/sys/kernel/shmmax $ echo 4194304 >/proc/sys/kernel/shmall
The remaining defaults are quite generously sized, and usually do not require changes.
The recommended method for configuring shared memory in OS X is to create a file named /etc/sysctl.conf, containing variable assignments such as:
kern.sysv.shmmax=4194304 kern.sysv.shmmin=1 kern.sysv.shmmni=32 kern.sysv.shmseg=8 kern.sysv.shmall=1024
Note that in some OS X versions, all five shared-memory parameters must be set in /etc/sysctl.conf, else the values will be ignored.
Beware that recent releases of OS X ignore attempts to set SHMMAX to a value that isn't an exact multiple of 4096.
SHMALL is measured in 4 kB pages on this platform.
In older OS X versions, you will need to reboot to have changes in the shared memory parameters take effect. As of 10.5 it is possible to change all but SHMMNI on the fly, using sysctl. But it's still best to set up your preferred values via /etc/sysctl.conf, so that the values will be kept across reboots.
The file /etc/sysctl.conf is only honored in OS X 10.3.9 and later. If you are running a previous 10.3.x release, you must edit the file /etc/rc and change the values in the following commands:
sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmmax sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmmin sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmmni sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmseg sysctl -w kern.sysv.shmall
Note that /etc/rc is usually overwritten by OS X system updates, so you should expect to have to redo these edits after each update.
In OS X 10.2 and earlier, instead edit these commands in the file /System/Library/StartupItems/SystemTuning/SystemTuning.
In the default configuration, only 512 kB of shared memory per segment is allowed. To increase the setting, first change to the directory /etc/conf/cf.d. To display the current value of SHMMAX, run:
./configure -y SHMMAX
To set a new value for SHMMAX, run:
./configure SHMMAX=value
where value is the new value you want to use (in bytes). After setting SHMMAX, rebuild the kernel:
./link_unix
and reboot.
At least in version 2.6, the default maximum size of a shared memory segment is too low for PostgreSQL. The relevant settings can be changed in /etc/system, for example:
set shmsys:shminfo_shmmax=0x2000000 set shmsys:shminfo_shmmin=1 set shmsys:shminfo_shmmni=256 set shmsys:shminfo_shmseg=256 set semsys:seminfo_semmap=256 set semsys:seminfo_semmni=512 set semsys:seminfo_semmns=512 set semsys:seminfo_semmsl=32
You need to reboot for the changes to take effect.
See also http://sunsite.uakom.sk/sunworldonline/swol-09-1997/swol-09-insidesolaris.html for information on shared memory under Solaris.
On UnixWare 7, the maximum size for shared memory segments is only 512 kB in the default configuration. To display the current value of SHMMAX, run:
/etc/conf/bin/idtune -g SHMMAX
which displays the current, default, minimum, and maximum values. To set a new value for SHMMAX, run:
/etc/conf/bin/idtune SHMMAX value
where value is the new value you want to use (in bytes). After setting SHMMAX, rebuild the kernel:
/etc/conf/bin/idbuild -B
and reboot.
Table 17-2. PostgreSQL shared memory usage
| Usage | Approximate shared memory bytes required (as of 8.3) |
|---|---|
| Connections | (1800 + 270 * max_locks_per_transaction) * max_connections |
| Autovacuum workers | (1800 + 270 * max_locks_per_transaction) * autovacuum_max_workers |
| Prepared transactions | (770 + 270 * max_locks_per_transaction) * max_prepared_transactions |
| Shared disk buffers | (block_size + 208) * shared_buffers |
| WAL buffers | (wal_block_size + 8) * wal_buffers |
| Fixed space requirements | 770 kB |
Unix-like operating systems enforce various kinds of resource limits
that might interfere with the operation of your
PostgreSQL server. Of particular
importance are limits on the number of processes per user, the
number of open files per process, and the amount of memory available
to each process. Each of these have a "hard" and a
"soft" limit. The soft limit is what actually counts
but it can be changed by the user up to the hard limit. The hard
limit can only be changed by the root user. The system call
setrlimit
is responsible for setting these
parameters. The shell's built-in command ulimit
(Bourne shells) or limit (csh) is
used to control the resource limits from the command line. On
BSD-derived systems the file /etc/login.conf
controls the various resource limits set during login. See the
operating system documentation for details. The relevant
parameters are maxproc,
openfiles, and datasize. For
example:
default:\ ... :datasize-cur=256M:\ :maxproc-cur=256:\ :openfiles-cur=256:\ ...
(-cur is the soft limit. Append -max to set the hard limit.)
Kernels can also have system-wide limits on some resources.
On Linux /proc/sys/fs/file-max determines the maximum number of open files that the kernel will support. It can be changed by writing a different number into the file or by adding an assignment in /etc/sysctl.conf. The maximum limit of files per process is fixed at the time the kernel is compiled; see /usr/src/linux/Documentation/proc.txt for more information.
The PostgreSQL server uses one process per connection so you should provide for at least as many processes as allowed connections, in addition to what you need for the rest of your system. This is usually not a problem but if you run several servers on one machine things might get tight.
The factory default limit on open files is often set to "socially friendly" values that allow many users to coexist on a machine without using an inappropriate fraction of the system resources. If you run many servers on a machine this is perhaps what you want, but on dedicated servers you might want to raise this limit.
On the other side of the coin, some systems allow individual processes to open large numbers of files; if more than a few processes do so then the system-wide limit can easily be exceeded. If you find this happening, and you do not want to alter the system-wide limit, you can set PostgreSQL's max_files_per_process configuration parameter to limit the consumption of open files.
In Linux 2.4 and later, the default virtual memory behavior is not optimal for PostgreSQL. Because of the way that the kernel implements memory overcommit, the kernel might terminate the PostgreSQL postmaster (the master server process) if the memory demands of either PostgreSQL or another process cause the system to run out of virtual memory.
If this happens, you will see a kernel message that looks like this (consult your system documentation and configuration on where to look for such a message):
Out of Memory: Killed process 12345 (postgres).
This indicates that the postgres process has been terminated due to memory pressure. Although existing database connections will continue to function normally, no new connections will be accepted. To recover, PostgreSQL will need to be restarted.
One way to avoid this problem is to run PostgreSQL on a machine where you can be sure that other processes will not run the machine out of memory. If memory is tight, increasing the swap space of the operating system can help avoid the problem, because the out-of-memory (OOM) killer is invoked only when physical memory and swap space are exhausted.
If PostgreSQL itself is the cause of the system running out of memory, you can avoid the problem by changing your configuration. In some cases, it may help to lower memory-related configuration parameters, particularly shared_buffers and work_mem. In other cases, the problem may be caused by allowing too many connections to the database server itself. In many cases, it may be better to reduce max_connections and instead make use of external connection-pooling software.
On Linux 2.6 and later, it is possible to modify the kernel's behavior so that it will not "overcommit" memory. Although this setting will not prevent the OOM killer from being invoked altogether, it will lower the chances significantly and will therefore lead to more robust system behavior. This is done by selecting strict overcommit mode via sysctl:
sysctl -w vm.overcommit_memory=2
or placing an equivalent entry in /etc/sysctl.conf. You might also wish to modify the related setting vm.overcommit_ratio. For details see the kernel documentation file Documentation/vm/overcommit-accounting.
Another approach, which can be used with or without altering vm.overcommit_memory, is to set the process-specific oom_adj value for the postmaster process to -17, thereby guaranteeing it will not be targeted by the OOM killer. The simplest way to do this is to execute
echo -17 > /proc/self/oom_adj
in the postmaster's startup script just before invoking the postmaster. Note that this action must be done as root, or it will have no effect; so a root-owned startup script is the easiest place to do it. If you do this, you may also wish to build PostgreSQL with -DLINUX_OOM_ADJ=0 added to CPPFLAGS. That will cause postmaster child processes to run with the normal oom_adj value of zero, so that the OOM killer can still target them at need.
Note: Some vendors' Linux 2.4 kernels are reported to have early versions of the 2.6 overcommit sysctl parameter. However, setting vm.overcommit_memory to 2 on a 2.4 kernel that does not have the relevant code will make things worse, not better. It is recommended that you inspect the actual kernel source code (see the function
vm_enough_memory
in the file mm/mmap.c) to verify what is supported in your kernel before you try this in a 2.4 installation. The presence of the overcommit-accounting documentation file should not be taken as evidence that the feature is there. If in any doubt, consult a kernel expert or your kernel vendor.


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{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}io.livecode.ch{% endblock %} {% block body_top_extra %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
io.livecode.ch
is an early stage prototype for
turning code repositories into interactive tutorials and books, with
code snippets that can be edited and run on the web.
The backend is powered by docker.io and is language-agnostic. For this prototype, runtimes with big startup costs and memory requirements are out... but I am open to supporting as many languages as possible.
Add a .io.livecode.ch
top-level folder to
your GitHub repository, then visit
the
URLs http://io.livecode.ch/repl/<user>/<repo>
and http://io.livecode.ch/learn/<user>/<repo>
.
To refresh the live installation on the server, visit the URL
http://io.livecode.ch/repl/<user>/<repo>?refresh=1
.
What should the .io.livecode.ch
directory contain?
defaults.json
(example)language
with a value that
matches one of the languages supported by this fork of
the CodeMirror JavaScript frontend
install
(example)run
(example) main
code snippet, and
two extra snippets, conventionally for pre
and post
processing
_site/index.html
(example)div
tag with the class live
,
and have a globally unique id
; the data-lib
attribute
is an optional space-separated list of other code
snippet id
s that are concatenated to form
the pre
snippet; the post
snippet is not
yet used in the frontend
I hope you'll have fun, but do keep in mind that this is not at all production-ready. Please also be gentle with the server—for now, it only has 512MB total!
I am looking for suggestions on how to take this prototype further. Please file issues for bugs and suggestions, or email me directly at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Pull requests are also welcome!
{% endblock %}


Includes historic and contemporary jazz and blues music
Examples for jazz include ragtime, Dixieland, “golden age” swing, modern
swing, bebop, “cool” jazz, modern, avant-garde, Latin-oriented jazz, jazz-funk,
soft contemporary jazz, contemporary jazz fusion and other contemporary jazz styles
Blues includes classic blues, delta blues, Chicago blues, and contemporary
blues music. Rock-blues generally falls under subcategory 21


Parambikulam Tiger Reserve, which also includes the erstwhile Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, is a 391 square kilometres (151.0 sq mi) protected area in Kollengode Block, Chittur taluk in Palakkad district of Kerala state, South India. The wildlife sanctuary, which had an area of 285 square kilometres (110 sq mi) was established in 1973. It is in the Sungam range of hills between the Anaimalai Hills and Nelliampathy Hills. Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary was declared as part of the Parambikulam Tiger Reserve on 19 February 2010.Including the buffer zone, the tiger reserve has a span of 643.66 km2. The sanctuary is the home of four different tribes of indigenous peoples including the Kadar, Malasar, Muduvar and Mala Malasar settled in six colonies. Parambikulam Tiger Reserve implements the Participatory Forest Management Scheme (PFMS).
Silent Valley National Park, is a national park in Kerala, India. It is located in the Nilgiri hills, has a core area of 89.52 km², which is surrounded by a buffer zone of 148 km². This national park has some rare species of flora and fauna. This area was explored in 1847 by the botanist Robert Wight. The national park is one of the last undisturbed tracts of South Western Ghats mountain rain forests and tropical moist evergreen forest in India. Contiguous with the proposed Karimpuzha National Park to the north and Mukurthi National Park to the north-east, it is the core of the Nilgiri Biosphere Reserve, and is part of the Nilgiri Sub-Cluster, Western Ghats World Heritage Site, recognised by UNESCO in 2007
Varikkasseri Mana, alternatively known as Varikkumanchery Mana, is one of the oldest traditional aristocratic Namboothiri family houses in Kerala. Built in Kerala architectural style on a plot of land measuring approximately 4 acres, the building is located at Manissery, a village in Ottapalam in Palakkad. It is a popular shooting location for Malayalam films and several commercially successful films such as Devasuram, Aaraam Thampuran, Rappakal were filmed on its premises. , alternatively known as Varikkumanchery Mana, is one of the oldest traditional aristocratic Namboothiri family houses in Kerala. Built in Kerala architectural style on a plot of land measuring approximately 4 acres, the building is located at Manissery, a village in Ottapalam in Palakkad.


A Historical API
For ultimate immersion and BGS control, we require not only the latest data but also historical ones. ELITE BGS API is a
step in that direction. It stores information which changes regularly in a historical format. Thus, one can always
look up the events that led to the current Civil War for instance.
API
Access
Consumers must make a GET request at any endpoint.
Endpoints
Factions
https://elitebgs.app/api/ebgs/v4/factions?<params>
Systems
https://elitebgs.app/api/ebgs/v4/systems?<params>
Stations
https://elitebgs.app/api/ebgs/v4/stations?<params>
Ticks
https://elitebgs.app/api/ebgs/v4/ticks?<params>


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/116395-maths/topic/quotient.20topology.html ---
Do we have a lemma about closure (quotient.mk '' s)
somwhere?
More specifically I have a dense subset s
and I want quotient '' s
to be dense
Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


Describes the coding style used by the Folktale project.
Describes the coding style used by the Folktale project.
TODO
This section is a stub and needs to be improved.
The ESLint rules will catch most of the style issues, so you might just want to
run make lint
on your code. That said, there are a few idioms that aren't
captured by ESLint rules:
Prefer const
for declaring names wherever possible. When a name or the
value it refers to is mutated in the scope, use let
instead. In this
sense, we use const
to indicate an immutable binding and value, and
let
for everything else.
Prefer arrow functions whenever possible. Regular JavaScript functions have
many unnecessary properties for functional programming in general, such as
this
, super
and .prototype
. So, if you're not writing a method, where
you'll want this
, it should be an arrow function.
Use Lisp/Haskell-alignment for conditionals when using ternaries. For example:
return argCount < arity ? curried(allArgs)
: argCount === arity ? fn(...allArgs)
: /* otherwise */ unrollInvoke(fn, arity, allArgs);
The comment for the last else
case is not optional, but can be shortened
to /* else */
for shorter conditions.


mixed preg_replace ( mixed $pattern , mixed $replacement , mixed $subject [, int $limit = -1 [, int &$count ]] )
Searches subject for matches to pattern and replaces them with replacement.
preg_replace() returns an array if the subject parameter is an array, or a string otherwise. If matches are found, the new subject will be returned, otherwise subject will be returned unchanged or NULL if an error occurred.


A Third Season Of ‘Mindhunter’ Is Apparently “On Hold”, Which Wounds Me Deeply
by By Steffanie TanI’m sorry to say it but talks of Mindhunter season 3 are said to be “on hold” as mastermind David Fincher focuses on his next feature film.
The aforementioned “on hold” popped up towards the end of an interview with Jonathan Groff in The Hollywood Reporter, in which Groff discussed his role as Agent Ford and the show in general. THR reports Fincher is currently working on a Netflix biopic called Mank, based on a script written by his late father, Jack. There aren’t too many details about the movie around but we do know it will focus on Citizen Kane screenwriter Herman Mankiewicz. Gary Oldman, Amanda Seyfried, Lily Collins, Charles Dance, Tuppence Middleton, and Arliss Howard will star.
He’s also apparently juggling another project, a prequel series to the classic movie Chinatown for Netflix. Busy bloke that David Fincher.
It’s not yet known just like how long Mindhunter will be “on hold” for, but we did wait more than a year and a half for season 2… so, uh, yeah.
But it’s worth noting / re-noting that Fincher is genuinely set on doing five seasons of Mindhunter. Groff’s co-star Holt McCallany, otherwise known as gentle tough guy Bill Tench, told THR as such back in August.
“He [Fincher] said ‘Listen, are you ready to do this for five seasons?  So I’d like to think that we will continue, for as long as David is intrigued by telling this particular story.”
On the bright side, I’ll probably have my life together by the time season 5 comes out. Maybe.
You can re-binge Mindhunter on Netflix now.
Image: Mindhunter


Predict Pokemon Type
Attack
0
Defence
0
Generation
0
HP
0
Legendary
0
Special Attack
0
Special Defence
0
Speed
0
Total
0
select your method
KNN
MLP
RF
Predict
{% block prediction %}{% endblock %}


Project Name: Lana Template
Client: daniel lokve
Year: 2018
Coming Soon Template
Coming Soon Page with countdown and elegant transitions fadein transional element and smooth graphics .
Fully responsive and social media connected. Video Player attached, SVG icons, Horizontal Animated Responsive Timeline and collapsable card and functional contact form


190
EKAWALI SINGH
Founder and Chief Editor
A Perfectionist at everything she lays her hands on, Ekawali is an indispensable block in building SFC. Not only a leader, But also a Doer Ekawali has always been a Social Worker since her childhood. Her modest heart and ever helping nature makes her a class apart. Ekawali once said, “While I was talking to a small boy about his dreams, he exclaimed with joy that his biggest dream is to get new books and this moved my heart. I earnestly wanted to help those kids whose Wonderland gets shattered due to these indigent conditions!” And this pulled Ekawali to such an extent that, she strived relentlessly, and founded SFC Foundation a platform to encourage and popularize Voluntary work amongst Youth for the welfare of the society. With her undying spirit and dauntless determination, Ekawali took SFC from Tricity to Delhi and made ample Projects for different categories of People. Her vision is to create a Society where every woman is self-sufficient and every child is cultured and this is what the substratum of SFC Foundation is.


IMPORTANT NOTE
The mainline of this repository represents the next major release of Sprouts which involves a nearly complete rewrite.
To see, or edit the source code for the currently-released version (0.7.x), please check out the release branch.
Project Sprouts
Project Sprouts is an open-source, cross-platform project generation and configuration tool for whatever technology you use. At the time of this writing, we have support for ActionScript 2, ActionScript 3, Flex and AIR projects.
Sprouts includes support for project and code templates, automated build scripts, remote managed libraries, and automatic installation of executable dependencies like runtimes, compilers and other utilities.
Sprouts works on OS X, Windows XP, Windows Vista and many flavors of *nix (including Solaris thanks to lots of patience from Armaghan Chaudhary).
Installation
- Install Ruby (>= v 1.9.2)
- Install RubyGems (>= v 1.3.7)
- Install the Sprout gem:
To get started with Sprouts in Flash, follow the directions provided by the Flash SDK.
Some Links
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2007-2011 Pattern Park
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining
a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
"Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to
permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to
the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be
included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE
LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION
OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION
WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.


5 Debugging
This chapter describes the debugging facilities that are available in
development systems. The purpose of these facilities is to
provide information concerning the control flow of your program.
The main features of the debugging package are as follows:
- The Procedure Box model of Prolog execution, which provides a
simple way of visualizing control flow, especially during
backtracking. Control flow is viewed at the predicate
level, rather than at the level of individual clauses.
- The ability to exhaustively trace your program or to selectively
set spypoints. Spypoints allow you to nominate interesting
predicates at which, for example, the program is to pause so
that you can interact.
- The ability to set advice-points. An advice-point allows you
to carry out some actions at certain points of execution, independently
of the tracing activity. Advice-points can be used, e.g. for
checking certain program invariants (cf. the assert facility of
the C programming language), or for gathering profiling or branch
coverage information. Spypoints and advice-points are
collectively called breakpoints.
- The wide choice of control and information options available during
debugging.
The Procedure Box model of execution is also called the Byrd Box
model after its inventor, Lawrence Byrd.
Much of the information in this chapter is also in Chapter eight of
[Clocksin & Mellish 81], which is recommended as an introduction.
Unless otherwise stated, the debugger prints goals using
write_term/3
with the value of the Prolog flag
debugger_print_options
.
The debugger is not available in runtime systems and the
predicates defined in this chapter are undefined; see Runtime Systems.
Send feedback on this subject.


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Read More →


Lizzo leads Grammy nominations with 8 nods, Billie Eilish and Lil Nas X get 6 apiece
LOS ANGELES (Reuters) - Pop artist Lizzo led the Grammy nominations on Wednesday with eight nods, followed by alt-pop sensation Billie Eilish, and country rapper Lil Nas X with six apiece.
Lizzo, Eilish and Lil Nas X also scored nods for the top awards - album and record of the year.
The Grammy Awards, the highest honors in the music industry, will be handed out in Los Angeles on Jan. 26 in a ceremony hosted by Alicia Keys.


RESIZE (JUST CLICK AND WATCH)
HIDE/SHOW IMAGES
FIRST PAGE PRODUCTS (SORTED BY CATEGORY, JUST CLICK ON THEM TO SEE WHAT'S IN IT:
1) ADD SOME WORKS
2) MOVE THEM (DRAG and DROP)
3) COPY LINKS (UNDER IMAGES)


One for the money
The world’s biggest online shopping frenzy
IN 1993 A group of male students at Nanjing University in China decided to celebrate their singledom. The annual date would be November 11th, comprised of four lonely 1s. The story may be apocryphal. But since 2009 Alibaba, China’s e-commerce giant, has turned Singles’ Day into a very real shopping frenzy. It has long since eclipsed America’s Black Friday and Cyber Monday online sales combined. This year Taylor Swift performed at the countdown. In the next 24 hours Alibaba sold $38.4bn-worth of merchandise. Competitors like jd.com and Pinduoduo have piled in. Some people worry that what began as a lighthearted excuse to treat oneself has turned into a high-pressure version of Valentine’s Day. Others decry the harsh conditions workers face in order to meet demand and the holiday’s environmental impact. But shoppers certainly seem to like it.
■


Welcome to your one stop for all your need.
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Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipisicing elit. Sint, explicabo dolores ipsam aliquam inventore corrupti eveniet quisquam quod totam laudantium repudiandae obcaecati ea consectetur debitis velit facere nisi expedita vel?
Manages all the fornt end task of the webpage.  Isn't he had done a great job!
Manages all the fornt back task of the webpage. Databases are maitained by him.
Yeh toh chutiya hai chutiya hai. fukat ka marks lenga, karta kuch nhi BC!


--- layout: page title: Favorites! date: 2013-05-26 01:28:19.000000000 -04:00 type: page published: true status: publish categories: [] tags: [] meta: _edit_last: '1' author: login: sophie email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Pika first_name: '' last_name: '' ---
♫ These are some of my favorite things ♫


The high school that I went to and graduated from was Bullard High. I graduated high school in 2016 and was able to get a car for a graduation present. High school was kind of boring, but at the same time easy to tolerate because I sat by friends in all of my classes. My number one favorite class that I had was small business management. This was a really fun class because we were in charge of running the student store and making our school apparel. We also took two trips to a place called Bitwise and took a tour at Sony Pictures Studio in Culver City, California. A business class that I took previous to this one was called entrepreneurship. This class taught me how to properly create a business plan.


State regulation requires we capture information from
the person picking up this Prescription (Rx# {{order.RxNo}}{{$last
? '' : ', '}}) for the patient. ACCURACY OF THE DATA IS CRITICAL
You are providing signature for the following patients
{{
$index + 1 }}.{{order.PatientName}}
State regulation requires we capture information from
the person picking up this Prescription (Rx# {{order.RxNo}}{{$last
? '' : ', '}}) for the patient. ACCURACY OF THE DATA IS CRITICAL
You are providing signature for the following patients
Please provide information for the following patient
{{patientOrder.PatientName}}
SAFETY CAP:
Am aware that
one/more of the prescriptions I am picking up have a
non-safety cap per customer request.
THIRD
PARTY:
Am receiving these medications, authorize release of
my prescription
records to those parties providing
prescription benefits, and request payment from them on my behalf
HIPAA:
Acknowledge receipt
of CVS's Notice of Privacy Practices.
Am picking up
the following prescriptions.
&emps;-0123490
&emps;-0198423
&emps;-0023155
AUTOMATED OUTREACH CONSENT:
I
am signing below to indicate that I:-Have received these medication
and request payment on my behalf.I authorize release of my health
record to any party responsible for payment - Authorize CVS and its
affiliates to call and/or text me using an automated dialing system
and/or prerecorded voice.


I suppose the best time to start this is about 5 years ago.
I was having trouble sleeping and the doctor gave me a prescription of Zolpidem Tartrate, known here as Stilnox. I was given these because at my young age, at that time 18, Stilnox were non Ė addictive. (which is definitely not true. ) . At this time however Iíd only ever smoked a bit of marijuana and alcohol and didnít have a clue what pills people could take to get high, with the exception of valium, though Iíd never tried and I never planned to. In my inexperienced mind ALL pills were ď Hard ď drugs.
So one night I took my 10mg of Stilnox I took some nights before bed, but this time, just as I was about to get into bed I decided Iíd clean my room first, after a while I just sort of realized out of the blue that I had been standing for about a minute or so hunched over. Then when I stood up straight I realized I felt like I was very drunk! I staggered down the hallway almost tripping over just giggling. I had discovered the effects of Zolpidem by complete accident.
So every now and again a friend and I would take 1 or 2. and thatís as far as it went. But I was at the library one day and saw a book ( which I later stole ), called ď Handbook of Modern DrugsĒ. Upon reading this book, which dealt with prescription and illicit drugs, I saw a name that was familiar, Kalma, chemical name Alprazolam. These were the pills my mum took! So on the odd occasion I would steal a couple. At first I didnít really feel much but after about 5 or 6 times I began to notice the effects. My doctor also changed me from Stilnox to Temazepam which to my delight was also in the book!
Through out the whole time my drug use was very casual just have some once every month or two.
4 years later:
Last year I started 2 get bored and think back to the Zolpidem days. I went to my doctor and told him I was having sleep trouble and wanted some stilnox again, he gave me a script with several repeats. Within about 2 weeks I was taking them everynight, after about 2 months I was taking sometimes as much as 4 a night. Continuously getting scripts from the doctor.
Everyday I felt sick with a kind of sickness only heavy zolpidem use produces.  If I looked how I felt, then I must have looked pretty bad. But the lure of stilnox is strong after a while and the effects ( so I thought at the time), outwayed the the bad side of things.
While high on stilnox I would often go to take my hat off because it would annoy me greatly, but the trouble was I would never be actually wearing a hat. It just felt like I was . And there were also the ďGhosts ď .
I would be in the loungeroom watching TV, and for some reason I would just think that there were a few people sitting at the kitchen table, some one standing over there leaning against the wall, 2 people looking over my shoulder, Iíd turn to talk to the person next to me and be completely surprised to see the room empty.
This would happen EVERY time. I was also doing things, like hiding stuff in weird places, and totally forget about it until like, a week later when Iíd find a book hidden at the bottom of my underwear draw, then remembering I put it there last week.
Well after a few months it occurred to me I was either addicted or VERY, VERY close.
 Even now when I think of stilnox I can feel slightly the horrible, but unique sickness.
I havenít touched it for about 9 months, and there is absolutely no way I could again, I think if I had even one pill I would spew my guts up.
This year:
Although Iíve given up stilnox ( FOREVER!), Iíve been using using Benzoís heaps. The doctor prescribed me 2 mg Diazepam tablets. After my second visit I convinced him to prescribe me 5mg ones which he had absolutely no qualms about. ( Doctors love writing prescriptions, Iím sure of that! ) I have a friend who was getting me Temazepam until recentley when I asked him to get Nitrazepam instead. Iím using benzoís about 5 Ė 6 days a week and of course, at way higher doses than Iím supposed to, Iím stealing mums Aprazolam. My supply just doesnít seem to run out. My friend also gets me Prodeine Forte. ( 30 mg codeine, 500mg paracetamol). And in addition to this Iím buying 10 mg codeine and paracetamol tabs from chemist a couple of times a week and doing water extraction method. Very soon the codeine looses itís buzz so I am doing benzoís at the same time as codeine to enhance it. Iíve been to almost every pharmacy in my area several times and I think some are starting to get suspicious.
Iíve also ordered some tramadol from the internet and am expecting itís arrival any day now, ( unless it doesenít make it through customs) or maybe the police will deliver it instead.
I currently have a very good job, but I know Iím headed down a very dangerous path, ( one that killed a guy I know last year from an overdose of pills, and his best friend whoís a massive pill head too is a COMPLETE MESS).
In some ways I hope the tramadol doesnít turn up. But on the other hand I know Iíll be very disappointed if it doesnít. I look at my self and get very depressed, I forgot to mention I take Mirtazepine daily for depression, Here I am doing the drugs I thought Iíd never go near. They may seem like mild drugs, but soon, once they wear off I get VERY angry at the drop of a hat.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Attributions
Library and box icons: Icon made by
pixel-buddha from www.flaticon.com
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SysInfoApp
App Version Data
Node:
Chrome:
Electron:
System Info
Architecture:
Language:
Platform:
System Memory
Total:
Free:
Swap Total:
Swap Free:


lThree-tier
client/server is:
–Cost-effective
for large-scale, long-term development
–Necessary
for fast, global, “mission-critical” applications
lReality
is hybrid:
–Legacy
(One-tier) systems aren’t going away anytime soon (They’ll mutate
into ‘servers’)
–Two-tier
client/server is effective for ad hoc MIS, LAN-only applications,
and rapid ‘concept’ development


{% include 'common-head.html.j2' %} {% include 'favicons.html.j2' %} {% include 'base-scripts.html.j2' %} {% import "macros.html.j2" as macros %}


The Mustard Mine is a Twitch go-live assistant. It can set your game/category, stream title, and tags; schedule a tweet to be posted right as you go live; provide a countdown timer for use in OBS or other streaming software; and help you manage a checklist of important tasks. Mustard Mine will remember your "stream setups" (category, title, tags, and launch tweet), allowing you to easily select between different setups as you prepare for different types of streams - great when you have a varied schedule.
To get started, log in with your Twitch credentials. Don't worry; Mustard Mine never sees your actual Twitch password.


"What is emotional intelligence? "
Emotional intelligence or EQ (Emotional Quotient) is the ability to understand and manage your own emotions, as well as the those of the people around you in a healthy and conscientious way. People with a high degree of emotional intelligence know what they're feeling, what their emotions mean, and how these emotions can affect the people around them.

 Research has found that people with a high EQ perform better and achieve more in their careers as well as other aspects of their lives, and is already recognised by employers as a very important factor to consider when hiring employees.
"The difference between IQ and EQ"
IQ (Intelligence Quotient) is a score of ones intellectual ability based off several tests and is used to measure and assess ones academic ability and intelligence.
EQ (Emotional Quotient) is an indviduals ability to understand and be aware of ones emotions and feelings as well as those of others and to manage them in a healthy and thoughtful way.


WWE Smackdown Responds to Survivor Series Rout with Infinity War Meme
by Steve RussellThe official WWE on FOX Twitter account responded to a critical SmackDown loss during Sunday night's Survivor Series pay-per-view, referencing Peter Parker's poignant farewell during Avengers: Infinity War.
The tweet shared the brand scores at that time, with NXT leading the charge at three and both Raw and SmackDown tied at one, along with the caption, "Mr. McMahon, we don't feel so good." The image showcased NXT Superstar Roderick Strong, his NXT North American Championship slung over his shoulder. However, his opponents, Raw's AJ Styles and SmackDown's Shinsuke Nakamura, are nowhere to be found, having faded to dust a la Parker's emotional goodbye to Tony Stark.
Each Superstar represented their respective brand during a highly anticipated triple threat match. All men carry secondary titles in WWE, with Styles currently holding the WWE United States Championship and Nakamura the current WWE Intercontinental Champion.
Strong's win aided NXT in furthering its point distance from their red and blue brand rivals, and by the end of the night, the black-and-gold brand would emerge the victorious with a total of four points. SmackDown had gained two, whereas Raw -- WWE's flagship show -- gained only one point.
https://schema.orgBreadcrumbListListItem1Homehttps://www.cbr.com/ListItem2TVhttps://www.cbr.com/category/tv/ListItem3TV Newshttps://www.cbr.com/category/tv/news-tv/ListItem4WWE Smackdown Responds to Survivor Series Rout with Infinity War Memehttps://www.cbr.com/wwe-smackdown-survivor-series-infinity-war-meme/


Select
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Last updated 29 January 2020
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Select
Library section:
Interactions:
Form
Style effects
Variables
Repeater
Dynamic panel
Label
Menu items can be edited in data set of repeater, items can be grouped.
–
Default value can be set using variable.
–
Focus on input.
–
Implemented features
3 types of menu items can be configured by setting the value in the type column of the repeater data.
type
(See instructions on panel state.)
You can set a menu item that is selected by default.
[...]
/
pnl option list
/
state:options
/
rpt options
[...]
/
pnl option list
/
state:variables
/
varSelected
To edit items, select repeater
and edit data in the Styles pane.
–
[...]
/
select input (G)
/
input field
Edit default label:
–
Set default item:
–
Widget consist of a select input group and a pnl option list dynamic panel.
select input
pnl option list
Usage
type == 0
–
– non-clickable group header (should be followed by a level 2 item)
type == 1
–
– level 1 menu item (not indented)
type == 2
–
– level 2 (indented) menu item


|
| Value |
Description |
Notes |
|
| 00 |
Unspecified |
Status is not specified (as distinct from unknown): the default if the <MarketPublishingStatus> element is not sent |
| 01 |
Cancelled |
The product was announced for publication in this market, and subsequently abandoned. A market publication date must not be
sent
|
| 02 |
Forthcoming |
Not yet published in this market, should be accompanied by expected local publication date |
| 03 |
Postponed indefinitely |
The product was announced for publication in this market, and subsequently postponed with no expected local publication date.
A market publication date must not be sent
|
| 04 |
Active |
The product was published in this market, and is still active in the sense that the publisher will accept orders for it, though
it may or may not be immediately available, for which see <SupplyDetail>
|
| 05 |
No longer our product |
Responsibility for the product in this market has been transferred elsewhere (with details of acquiring publisher representative
in this market if possible in PR.25 (ONIX 2.1) OR P.25 (ONIX 3.0))
|
| 06 |
Out of stock indefinitely |
The product was active in this market, but is now inactive in the sense that (a) the publisher representative (local publisher
or sales agent) cannot fulfill orders for it, though stock may still be available elsewhere in the supply chain, and (b) there
are no current plans to bring it back into stock in this market. Code 06 does not specifically imply that returns are or are
not still accepted
|
| 07 |
Out of print |
The product was active in this market, but is now permanently inactive in this market in the sense that (a) the publisher
representative (local publisher or sales agent) will not accept orders for it, though stock may still be available elsewhere
in the supply chain, and (b) the product will not be made available again in this market under the same ISBN. Code 07 normally
implies that the publisher will not accept returns beyond a specified date
|
| 08 |
Inactive |
The product was active in this market, but is now permanently or indefinitely inactive in the sense that the publisher representative
(local publisher or sales agent) will not accept orders for it, though stock may still be available elsewhere in the supply
chain. Code 08 covers both of codes 06 and 07, and may be used where the distinction between those values is either unnecessary
or meaningless
|
| 09 |
Unknown |
The sender of the ONIX record does not know the current publishing status in this market |
| 10 |
Remaindered |
The product is no longer available in this market from the publisher representative (local publisher or sales agent), under
the current ISBN, at the current price. It may be available to be traded through another channel, usually at a reduced price
|
| 11 |
Withdrawn from sale |
Withdrawn from sale in this market, typically for legal reasons or to avoid giving offence |
| 12 |
Not available in this market |
Either no rights are held for the product in this market, or for other reasons the publisher has decided not to make it available
in this market
|
| 13 |
Active, but not sold separately |
The product is published in this market and active but, as a publishing decision, it is not sold separately – only in an assembly
or as part of a package. Depending on product composition and pricing, it may be saleable separately at retail
|
| 14 |
Active, with market restrictions |
The product is published in this market and active, but is not available to all customer types, typically because the market
is split between exclusive sales agents for different market segments. In ONIX 2.1, should be accompanied by a free-text statement
in <MarketRestrictionDetail> describing the nature of the restriction. In ONIX 3.0, the <SalesRestriction> composite in Group
P.24 should be used
|
| 15 |
Recalled |
Recalled in this market for reasons of consumer safety |
| 16 |
Temporarily withdrawn from sale |
Temporarily withdrawn from sale in this market, typically for quality or technical reasons. In ONIX 3.0, must be accompanied
by expected availability date coded ‘22’ within the <MarketPublishingDate> composite, except in exceptional circumstances
where no date is known
|
|


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Use Grade Export File Formatter to reformat the "CSV File" from "Grades" into acceptable format for upload into "Faculty Center"
choose a grade file


--- layout: page title: Lean Prover Zulip Chat Archive permalink: archive/144837PRreviews/13816528splittingfields.html ---
@Chris Hughes Something seems wrong... there are lots of binary blobs in the PR now...
Hopefully fixed it. Not sure where they came from. They weren't visible locally.
@Chris Hughes How much of this PR is left, now that the sub-PR is merged?
I'll rebase when I get home and you'll be able to see. Basically all the preliminaries are merged, and there's only the construction left.
{% endraw %}


Pet rescue is the best website to adopt any type of pet. Our demure animals are in the best conditions.
The animals are bred in places that meet their needs.We take care of collecting abandoned and abused animals and giving them a better life and offering them a better future.
You can find us by clicking hereYou can download Grayscale for free on the preview page at Start Bootstrap.
Visit Download PageFeel free to leave us a comment on the You can contact us through


We collected a massive amount of data on traffic situation. With a powerful data analysis tool, we synthetized those vague information into meaningful set of data. The visualization tool would help researchers obtain a better understanding of the data: it reveals the hidden information behind texts and numbers in the most unique way possible.
With data from over 1000 sensors in Dresden, it could detect and predict anomalies (traffic jams, construction site, traffic blockade, etc.) and then visualize them for decision makers to see. The management system could then reroute the routes, reduce waiting time in certain area to unblock the traffic. Taxis companies can also use it to find the smoothest path for taxis to travel.
JavaScript API for rendering interactive 2D and 3D graphics inside an HTML canvas element.
Data are represented as small cubes inside a big cube. With 3D representation mode, you can see the result from every angle by manipulating the result cube.
You can see where the data correspond to in real-world with OpenStreetMap layer directly beneath the result cube.
Depends on your interests, you can display the data cubes you need with our filter system.
Built as an independant web application, you can integrate our Data Visualization Tool in your own services
You have ground-breaking feature and want to integrate it? You are willing to help improve the application? You can join other volunteers or developper communities on GitHub.


Seattle Address:
1430 2nd Ave Seattle, WA 98101
Tokyo Address:
2-13-2, Higashi-ueno, Taito, Tokyo, Tokyo
Paris Address
8 rue de Verneuil, 75007 Paris France
Lima Address:
Av Los Postes Este Nro 471
San Juan De Lurigancho, Lima Peru
Dubai Address:
Jumeirah Village Circle Dubai, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
Hours of Operation: 6am-8pm
Contact Us<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Telephone: 1-888-438-3474 (GET-FISH)


---
layout: article
title: Onslaught! v0.2 & Freeplay Awards
author: geoff
tags: [onslaughtarena]
---
We've been hard at work the last several weeks improving Onslaught! after entering in the Boing Boing contest (Post-mortem coming soon!).
Now we're entering Onslaught! in the Freeplay Awards with bunches of bug fixes and gameplay enhancements such as:
- Brief invincibility when you get hit
- Improved the "30 second experience" by giving the player two weapons to start
- You can now cycle through your weapons with Z and X
- Cyclops now throw rocks or energy balls
- Improved the "waves" flow with gates opening/close
- You can now pause the game by pressing P
- Various behind-the-curtains improvements and bug fixes
- Pain and death animations
- Demoblin now gets near you and throws tridents
- New title
- Tweaked the hell out of gameplay
- Added dragon boss!
- Hit point bars for dragon and superclops
- Got rid of rocks in favor of swords
- How to play screen
Sounds great, right?
Play Onslaught! v0.2!
As always, we love feedback so leave us some comments here on the blog or in our forums.
(Matt scored around 500k the other night during testing, please take him down a notch and post screenshots of your higher scores!)


To design and manufacture international quality automobile accessories, meeting the utility and standards demanded by discerning global customers.


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jquery.uploader
v0.2.0
Simple HTML5 file uploader created as a plugin for jQuery.
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This plugin gives the terrain information you can view over the basic map. It actually works several ways — as a terrain contour lines data provider and as a full hillshade map using dark shades and colors to show slopes, peaks and lowlands.
The global data (between 70 degrees north and 70 degrees south) is based on measurements by SRTM (Shuttle Radar Topography Mission) and ASTER (Advanced Spaceborne Thermal Emission and Reflection Radiometer), an imaging instrument onboard Terra, the flagship satellite of NASA's Earth Observing System. ASTER is a cooperative effort between NASA, Japan's Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry (METI), and Japan Space Systems (J-spacesystems).
Contour lines plugin is a handy tool for hikers, tourists and anyone who needs the information about the terrain in a specific area.
For using this feature you should buy Contour lines plugin or subscribe OsmAnd live. Remember: Switch on the Contour lines Plugin in Plugin menu.
To see the contours of a specific area, just go to Download maps menu, find your country or region, choose Contour lines, Hillshades, Slopes or all and download the files. Then zoom your desired area until you see the lines and zoom even more to check the height of a specific spot (the number on the line). To view hillshade or slope, make sure you enable this option in Configure map - Terrain menu. Also, please note that while contour lines file can be split by regions, hillshade/slopes files can be available by country, thus, you'll see the Hillshade/Slopes download on the list of downloads of a country, not on the region maps page.
In the Terrain menu you can change Hillshade or Slope for the visible layer. Here you can set Transparency and Zoom levels for the layer. To do so, please go to Configure map - Terrain.
For Contour lines you can set the minimal zoom level where the contour lines will become visible, color scheme, width and density for lines. To do so, please go to Configure map - Show contour lines (settings).
You can use both contour lines and terrain together to get the information from both layers. Just go to Configure map menu and enable both Contour lines and Terrain layer options. If you cannot see the hillshade/slopes after downloading it, please restart the application.
After that, you'll be able to enjoy a map with all the hills and peaks. A nice option for both practical use and a general knowledge about the area you live in or travel to.
Please see full video guide below:
For using this feature you should buy Contour lines in-app or subscribe OsmAnd live. To turn the contour lines on in iOS, you need to go to 'Maps & Resources' menu, switch to the Plugins tab and turn the Contour lines plugin on. Then download the Contour lines map of the area you need. You'll also have to download the Hillshade/Slope map if you need it. All downloads are available in 'Maps and Resources' - 'Maps' menu. Also, you have to go to the Map menu in the left upper corner of the map screen and turn the Terrain option on. That's it. You are now viewing the maps with contour line information and hillshade/slope.
You can set the minimal zoom level where the contour lines will become visible, color scheme, width and density for lines. To do so, please go to Map -> Contour lines (Map style).
You can set zoom levels, layer transparency for Hillshade/Slope layer. To do so, please go to Map -> Terrain (Overlay/Underlay).
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Whenever anything interesting happens to a service, an event is created.

"status": {
"id": "down",
"name": "Down",
"description": "An explanation of what this status represents",
"level": "ERROR",
"image": "/images/status/cross-circle.png",
"url": "/api/v1/statuses/down",
},
}
]
}
The Events List resource also supports filtering events via dates. To filter events, place on of the following options into the query string for a GET request. While the format of these parameters is very flexible, we suggested either the RFC 2822 or RFC 1123 format due to their support for encoding timezone information.
GET /api/v1/services/{service-id}/events?start=2010-06-10
Returns all events starting after June 6, 2010. Similarly, both "start" and "end" can be used to create date ranges
GET /api/v1/services/{service-id}/events?end=2010-06-17&start=2010-06-01
Return all events between June 6, 2010 and June 17, 2010
GET /api/v1/services/{service-id}/events/current
{
"informational": true,
"timestamp": "Mon, 28 Jun 2010 22:17:06 GMT",
"message": "Might be up",
"sid": "ahJpc215d2Vic2VydmljZWRvd25yCwsSBUV2ZW50GA8M",
"url": "/api/v1/services/example-service/events/ahJpc215d2Vic2VydmljZWRvd25yCwsSBUV2ZW50GA8M",
"status": {
"id": "down",
"name": "Down",
"description": "An explanation of what this status represents",
"level": "ERROR",
"image": "/images/status/cross-circle.png",
"url": "/api/v1/statuses/down",
},
}
GET /api/v1/services/{service-id}/events/{event-sid}
{
"informational": false,
"timestamp": "Mon, 28 Jun 2010 22:17:06 GMT",
"message": "Might be up",
"sid": "ahJpc215d2Vic2VydmljZWRvd25yCwsSBUV2ZW50GA8M",
"url": "/api/v1/services/example-service/events/ahJpc215d2Vic2VydmljZWRvd25yCwsSBUV2ZW50GA8M",
"status": {
"id": "down",
"name": "Down",
"description": "An explanation of what this status represents",
"level": "ERROR",
"image": "/images/status/cross-circle.png",
"url": "/api/v1/statuses/down",
}
}


NEWS.md
Brian Ripley wrote: “The future of OpenGL is uncertain (except on macOS, where it has no future). So it seems reasonable to require rgl
only when essential to the package. These packages have it in Depends/Imports but seem not to actually call it in their checks (established using a fake install). It is possible that the sole purpose of the package might be to do interactive visualizations which are not checked, but that seems not to be the case here. We noticed calls to rgl functions in \dontrun{}, but they would better be conditioned by if(interactive()) (see ‘Writing R Extensions’). Please move rgl to Suggests and use conditionally (see §<IP_ADDRESS> of ‘Writing R Extensions’) at the next package update.”"
require(rgl)
because that crashes R for some users, so use if("rgl" %in% installed.packages() )
to check for installation and then call functions rgl::open3d()
Please use gge(data,formula)
instead of gge(formula,data)
.
New argument ggb=TRUE
to request construction of GGB biplot.
Use cex.gen=0
to omit genotype names.
On some Windows machines, library(rgl)
crashes R, perhaps because of a dll conflict with Windows. Removed @import rgl
so that rgl
is not loaded by default, and now biplot3d
uses calls like rgl::text3d
.
The nipals()
function using C++ code has been removed.
The rnipals()
function has been removed.
The gge
package now imports the nipals
package, which is new.
New function nipals()
for finding principal components using C++. Code from pcaMethods
package.
New function rnipals()
for finding principal components in R.
New function biplot3d()
to draw 3d biplots using rgl
package.
Modifed main
, subtitle
, xlab
, ylab
arguments to allow removal.
Changed title
argument to main
for consistency with other packages.
Now using testthat
and covr
packages.
Added package logo on GitHub.
Added zoom.gen
and zoom.env
arguments to biplot()
for M.Zoric.
Moved tests to tests/gge_tests.R
Package gge
is split off from agridat
package.
Added origin
, hull
arguments to biplot()
.
gge()
to agridat package.gge()
to fit and plot GGE biplots.(2007) Created nipals()
based on pcaMethods::nipalsPca()
. Modified the function for faster execution and submitted a patch back to pcaMethods
.
(2010) Henning Redestig created a C++ version of NIPALS for the pcaMethods
package.
(2017) The gge::nipals()
R function is re-named rnipals()
, and a new nipals()
function is created, based on the C++ code in pcaMethods
. Released gge version 1.2.
(2017) Discovered that mixOmics::nipals()
is a pure R function that is faster than the C++ version, so gge::nipals()
was re-written into a pure R function. The C++ version was removed from the gge
package.
(2017) The gge::nipals
function is moved to a new package, nipals::nipals
. The function is optimized for performance, improved to better handle missing values and to orthogonalize the principal components.


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|
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| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object org.lwjgl.opengl.SharedDrawable
public final class SharedDrawable
A Drawable implementation that shares its context with another Drawable. This is useful for background loading of resources. See org.lwjgl.test.opengl.multithread.BackgroundLoad for an example.
| Field Summary | |
|---|---|
protected org.lwjgl.opengl.ContextGL |
context
The OpenGL Context. |
protected org.lwjgl.opengl.PeerInfo |
peer_info
Handle to the native GL rendering context |
protected PixelFormat |
pixel_format
The PixelFormat used to create the drawable. |
| Constructor Summary | |
|---|---|
SharedDrawable(Drawable drawable)
|
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
protected void |
checkDestroyed()
|
void |
checkGLError()
|
org.lwjgl.opengl.ContextGL |
createSharedContext()
[INTERNAL USE ONLY] Creates a new Context that is shared with the Drawable's Context. |
void |
destroy()
Destroys the Drawable. |
org.lwjgl.opengl.ContextGL |
getContext()
[INTERNAL USE ONLY] Returns the Drawable's Context. |
PixelFormatLWJGL |
getPixelFormat()
|
void |
initContext(float r,
float g,
float b)
|
boolean |
isCurrent()
Returns true if the Drawable's context is current in the current thread. |
void |
makeCurrent()
Makes the Drawable's context current in the current thread. |
void |
releaseContext()
If the Drawable's context is current in the current thread, no context will be current after a call to this method. |
void |
setCLSharingProperties(PointerBuffer properties)
Sets the appropriate khr_gl_sharing properties in the target PointerBuffer ,
so that if it is used in a clCreateContext(FromType) call, the created CL
context will be sharing objects with this Drawable 's GL context. |
void |
setPixelFormat(PixelFormatLWJGL pf)
|
void |
setPixelFormat(PixelFormatLWJGL pf,
ContextAttribs attribs)
|
void |
setSwapInterval(int swap_interval)
|
void |
swapBuffers()
|
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Field Detail |
|---|
protected PixelFormat pixel_format
protected org.lwjgl.opengl.PeerInfo peer_info
protected org.lwjgl.opengl.ContextGL context
| Constructor Detail |
|---|
public SharedDrawable(Drawable drawable) throws LWJGLException
LWJGLException
| Method Detail |
|---|
public org.lwjgl.opengl.ContextGL createSharedContext()
public void setPixelFormat(PixelFormatLWJGL pf) throws LWJGLException
LWJGLException
public void setPixelFormat(PixelFormatLWJGL pf, ContextAttribs attribs) throws LWJGLException
LWJGLException
public PixelFormatLWJGL getPixelFormat()
public org.lwjgl.opengl.ContextGL getContext()
public void checkGLError()
public void setSwapInterval(int swap_interval)
public void swapBuffers() throws LWJGLException
LWJGLException
public void initContext(float r, float g, float b)
public boolean isCurrent() throws LWJGLException
Drawable
LWJGLException
public void makeCurrent() throws LWJGLException
Drawable
LWJGLException
public void releaseContext() throws LWJGLException
Drawable
LWJGLException
public void destroy()
Drawable
public void setCLSharingProperties(PointerBuffer properties) throws LWJGLException
Drawable
PointerBuffer
,
so that if it is used in a clCreateContext(FromType)
call, the created CL
context will be sharing objects with this Drawable
's GL context. After a
call to this method, the target buffer position will have advanced by 2 to 4 positions,
depending on the implementation.
properties
- The target properties buffer. It must have at least 4 positions remaining.
LWJGLException
protected final void checkDestroyed()
|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


The @Inject decorator is used to inject dependencies to controllers,services etc. You must provide the names of the dependencies
@Inject
To learn more about angular dependency injection see angularjs dependency injection documentation


Braitenberg-Vehicles
/
view
/
SimView
/
drawWorldBoundaries
drawWorldBoundaries
fun
drawWorldBoundaries
(
worldWidth
:
Double
,
worldHeight
:
Double
)
:
Unit


Final Project
Important Dates
- Proposal deadline: 1398/1/15
- Progress report deadline: 1398/2/31
- Progress report presentation: 1398/2/31
- Project presentation session: 1398/4/25
- Final report deadline: 1398/4/28
We have made our students' projects available; you can use them for inspiration or even contact the authors if you are interested.
Featured Projects
-
Transfer Learning for ASR to Deal with Low-Resource Data Problem
M. AsadolahzadeAbstract: End-to-end models are the state of the art for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. Despite all their advantages, they suffer a significant problem: a huge amounts of training data are required to achieve a good performance. This is a serious challenge for low-resource languages such as Persian. Therefore, we need some methods and techniques to overcome this issue. Transfer learn- ing is an effective method can address this problem. Our aim is to perform... -
Weakly Supervised Instance Segmentation using Image Level Annotations
A. Ali MohammadiAbstract: In this paper, we propose an approach to boost current state-of-the-art architecture of weakly supervised instance segmentation with the use of an special attention mechanism which simulates the notion of biological "top-down" "bottom-up" at- tention systems. Weakly supervised instance segmentation reduce labeling cost with loosing a little accuracy in segmentation... -
Face Verification on Blurred and Profile faces
M. Shamgholi, A. SalehoofAbstract: Face verification is one of the most important tasks in the field of machine vision and deeply inspected in research. Deep learning is involved in most of the recent works in the field and they have achieved very good results in standard datasets. However, in practice, we may see some major reduction in their performance on real-world applications. These include the pictures which are not taken in stable situations and have some non-clarity (blurriness), or the picture has some face profiles... -
A Deep Learning Approach for Finding Bad Smells in Software Systems
R. Saheb NassaghAbstract: The creation of high quality software is of great importance in the current state of the enterprise systems and web based applications. High quality software should contain certain features including flexibility, maintainability and a well-designed structure. There are several approaches to write high quality software with such features. Correctly adhering to the object-oriented principles is one such approach to make the code more flexible. Developers usually try to leverage these principles, but many times neglecting them due to the lack of time and the extra costs involved... -
Ad classification using the text description on Divar dataset
M. NasserAbstract: In this project, we use different classification techniques for the task of classifying advertisements in the Divar dataset. we first use a Support Vector Machine along with bag-of-words as features and set a baseline. We then use a simple Artificial Neural Network with word embeddings as features and study the effects of different settings for these word embeddings on the performance of the model. Next, we use Convolutional Neural Networks and experiment with various hyper-parameters and find the best setting for this model...
Other Projects
-
Sentiment analysis using BERT (pre-training language representations) and Deep Learning on Persian texts
S. Karimi, F. Shahrabadi -
Consumption Forecasting with a Hybrid Deep Learning
H. Hosseinzadeh, R. Bagherpour -
Data Augmentation on Language Model
F. Rezvainejad -
Persian Stance Detection
S. Ahangar, M. Zarharan -
Identification of Brain Tumors using MRI Image Segmentation
F. Abadianzadeh -
Turn Detection In Textual Conversations
Z. Sayedi, A. Pourdabiri -
Deep End-to-End Entity Linking
M. Tabasi -
Encrypted Packet Classification
F. Mahdavi -
Comprehensive study of Recommender Systems
S Jalali, Mahdi Lotfi -
Speaker Recognition using Deep Learning
M. Mohammadi


A connector to ORES (<http://ores.wmflabs.org/>), an AI project to provide edit scoring for content on Wikipedia and other Wikimedia projects. This lets a researcher identify if edits are likely to be reverted, damaging, or made in good faith.
| Version: | 0.3.1 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.1.2) |
| Imports: | httr |
| Suggests: | testthat, knitr, rmarkdown |
| Published: | 2017-11-17 |
| Author: | Oliver Keyes [aut, cre], Aaron Halfaker [ctb], Yuvi Panda [ctb] |
| Maintainer: | Oliver Keyes <ironholds at gmail.com> |
| BugReports: | https://github.com/Ironholds/ores/issues |
| License: | MIT + file LICENSE |
| URL: | https://github.com/Ironholds/ores |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | README NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | ores results |
| Reference manual: | ores.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
Using ORES |
| Package source: | ores_0.3.1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: ores_0.3.1.zip, r-release: ores_0.3.1.zip, r-oldrel: ores_0.3.1.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: ores_0.3.1.tgz, r-oldrel: ores_0.3.1.tgz |
| Old sources: | ores archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ores to link to this page.


Self-starting and highly motivated senior at Barnard College majoring in Political Economy and minoring in Psychology and Philosophy. Assists students with Excel, R for data analysis and visualization, and QGIS at Barnard’s Empirical Reasoning Center.
- Developed a new course for first-years which examines NYC neighborhoods through the lens of data. Designed mapping and data analysis assignments in Social Explorer and Excel for students, and gathered readings and other materials for the syllabus
- Created network graphs in R for Professor David Weiman's upcoming book which display monetary flows between banks of major cities in the 19th century.
- Developed a workshop for teaching students how to construct network graphs in R and how to use node size, edge width, and color to convey information
- Assist students with research design, data analysis, data visualization, and utilizing formulas in Excel during weekly office hours
- Design and teach instructional workshops in statistical computing software R, and assist students with their individual academic projects
- Design promotional material, such as flyers, stickers, and buttons to increase student and faculty awareness and utilization of the center
- Conducted candidate research for congressional, gubernatorial, and senate races to determine candidate positions on early childhood education and maternal, newborn and child health, as well as research on key early childhood programs such as Head Start, TANF, and ESEA
- Published blog posts on current events relevant to Save the Children’s signature issues
- Compiled fact sheets on early childhood education services in various U.S. states
- Fulfilled administrative duties such as needed to support the mobilization team
- Served in positions of increasing responsibility at one of Washington's premier coeducational summer camps that focuses on exposing children to the worlds of dance, drama, music, visual arts, sports, swimming, outdoor exploration, academics, and computers
- Managed 15 children, aged 4-6, in an orderly classroom setting
- Facilitated conflict resolution among the children to ensure safety and enjoyment, planned daily activities such as science experiments, crafts, music, songs, and games
- Coordinated special events for parents to showcase camp daily life and communicated with parents about their children’s progress and development
GPA: 3.95
Recipient of Ellen Feis Levy ’57 Internship Fund, 2018
- Assisted 1st grade students at Philip Randolph Elementary School in Harlem with reading comprehension and arithmetic exercises
- Managed 30 children in a classroom setting through a federally funded program designed to bring resources to schools and education programs to ensure all students are achieving at grade level in reading and math
- Led a weekly after school program at Public School 125 Ralph Bunche that encourages young people to recognize non-violent conflict resolution alternatives and gives them the necessary tools to peaceably solve their conflicts
- Trained in conflict resolution, curriculum instruction, general teaching strategies and cultural/ethnic sensitivity
- Managed a daycare setting of 10 toddlers at a dual language (English and Spanish) early childhood education center
- Assisted teachers in classroom management, taught children preliminary numerical and reading comprehension skills in both English and Spanish, and developed nurturing relationships with each child


Goal:
Add two steps to the tutorial to work on throughout this tutorial.
Steps to complete:
- Open TE/tutorials/newTutorial/tutorialScript.xml with a text editor
- Add two new steps to the beginning of the tutorial. Make the changes as outlined in the file to the right by following these steps: (Refer to the legend below)
- Copy the first 'page' element twice
- Edit the first copy:
- Change the value of the 'name' attribute to "Load Intructional Content"
- Change the value of the 'contentFile' tag to "page1_1.html"
- Edit the second copy:
- Change the value of the 'name' attribute to "Load an External Web Page"
- Change the value of the 'contentFile' tag to "page1_2.html"
- Save tutorialScript.xml
- Create two copies of TE/tutorials/newTutorial/HTML/page1.html and rename them as:
- page1_1.html
- page1_2.html
See the effects of your work
(Click here for an example of the expected results of this step)
- Reload New Tutorial by clicking on the reload icon to the left of the name in the tutorial navigation menu
- Note: the tutorial must be reloaded to see the effects of any changes made to the tutorialScript.xml file
There should now be seven steps in the tutorial and the title of the first step will be changed to "Load Intructional Content".
The changes are indicated with the following:
- Indicated text has been removed
- Indicated text has been edited
- Indicated text has been added
- Indicated text is the source of a copy


Awesome landing page design.
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We participate in knowledge and technology transfers to promote the resource use.


Rich Text Document Structure
Text documents are represented by the QTextDocument class, which contains information about the document's internal representation, its structure, and keeps track of modifications to provide undo/redo facilities.
The structured representation of a text document presents its contents as a hierarchy of text blocks, frames, tables, and other objects. These provide a logical structure to the document and describe how their contents will be displayed. Generally, frames and tables are used to group other structures while text blocks contain the actual textual information.
New elements are created and inserted into the document programmatically with a QTextCursor or by using an editor widget, such as QTextEdit. Elements can be given a particular format when they are created; otherwise they take the cursor's current format for the element.
| Basic structure The "top level" of a document might be populated in the way shown. Each document always contains a root frame, and this always contains at least one text block. For documents with some textual content, the root frame usually contains a sequence of blocks and other elements. Sequences of frames and tables are always separated by text blocks in a document, even if the text blocks contain no information. This ensures that new elements can always be inserted between existing structures. |
In this chapter, we look at each of the structural elements used in a rich text document, outline their features and uses, and show how to examine their contents. Document editing is described in The QTextCursor Interface.
Rich Text Documents
QTextDocument objects contain all the information required to construct rich text documents. Text documents can be accessed in two complementary ways: as a linear buffer for editors to use, and as an object hierarchy that is useful to layout engines. In the hierarchical document model, objects generally correspond to visual elements such as frames, tables, and lists. At a lower level, these elements describe properties such as the text style and alignment. The linear representation of the document is used for editing and manipulation of the document's contents.
Although QTextEdit makes it easy to display and edit rich text, documents can also be used independently of any editor widget, for example:
QTextDocument *newDocument = new QTextDocument;
Alternatively, they can be extracted from an existing editor:
QTextEdit *editor = new QTextEdit; QTextDocument *editorDocument = editor->document();
This flexibility enables applications to handle multiple rich text documents without the overhead of multiple editor widgets, or requiring documents to be stored in some intermediate format.
An empty document contains a root frame which itself contains a single empty text block. Frames provide logical separation between parts of the document, but also have properties that determine how they will appear when rendered. A table is a specialized type of frame that consists of a number of cells, arranged into rows and columns, each of which can contain further structure and text. Tables provide management and layout features that allow flexible configurations of cells to be created.
Text blocks contain text fragments, each of which specifies text and character format information. Textual properties are defined both at the character level and at the block level. At the character level, properties such as font family, text color, and font weight can be specified. The block level properties control the higher level appearance and behavior of the text, such as the direction of text flow, alignment, and background color.
The document structure is not manipulated directly. Editing is performed through a cursor-based interface. The text cursor interface automatically inserts new document elements into the root frame, and ensures that it is padded with empty blocks where necessary.
We obtain the root frame in the following manner:
QTextDocument *textDocument; QTextFrame *root = textDocument->rootFrame();
When navigating the document structure, it is useful to begin at the root frame because it provides access to the entire document structure.
Document Elements
Rich text documents usually consist of common elements such as paragraphs, frames, tables, and lists. These are represented in a QTextDocument by the QTextBlock, QTextFrame, QTextTable, and QTextList classes. Unlike the other elements in a document, images are represented by specially formatted text fragments. This enables them to be placed formatted inline with the surrounding text.
The basic structural building blocks in documents are QTextBlock and QTextFrame. Blocks themselves contain fragments of rich text (QTextFragment), but these do not directly influence the high level structure of a document.
Elements which can group together other document elements are typically subclasses of QTextObject, and fall into two categories: Elements that group together text blocks are subclasses of QTextBlockGroup, and those that group together frames and other elements are subclasses of QTextFrame.
Text Blocks
Text blocks are provided by the QTextBlock class.
Text blocks group together fragments of text with different character formats, and are used to represent paragraphs in the document. Each block typically contains a number of text fragments with different styles. Fragments are created when text is inserted into the document, and more of them are added when the document is edited. The document splits, merges, and removes fragments to efficiently represent the different styles of text in the block.
The fragments within a given block can be examined by using a QTextBlock::iterator to traverse the block's internal structure:
QTextBlock::iterator it; for (it = currentBlock.begin(); !(it.atEnd()); ++it) { QTextFragment currentFragment = it.fragment(); if (currentFragment.isValid()) processFragment(currentFragment); }
Blocks are also used to represent list items. As a result, blocks can define their own character formats which contain information about block-level decoration, such as the type of bullet points used for list items. The formatting for the block itself is described by the QTextBlockFormat class, and describes properties such as text alignment, indentation, and background color.
Although a given document may contain complex structures, once we have a reference to a valid block in the document, we can navigate between each of the text blocks in the order in which they were written:
QTextBlock currentBlock = textDocument->begin(); while (currentBlock.isValid()) { processBlock(currentBlock); currentBlock = currentBlock.next(); }
This method is useful for when you want to extract just the rich text from a document because it ignores frames, tables, and other types of structure.
QTextBlock provides comparison operators that make it easier to manipulate blocks: operator==() and operator!=() are used to test whether two blocks are the same, and operator<() is used to determine which one occurs first in a document.
Frames
Frames are provided by the QTextFrame class.
Text frames group together blocks of text and child frames, creating document structures that are larger than paragraphs. The format of a frame specifies how it is rendered and positioned on the page. Frames are either inserted into the text flow, or they float on the left or right hand side of the page. Each document contains a root frame that contains all the other document elements. As a result, all frames except the root frame have a parent frame.
Since text blocks are used to separate other document elements, each frame will always contain at least one text block, and zero or more child frames. We can inspect the contents of a frame by using a QTextFrame::iterator to traverse the frame's child elements:
QDomElement frameElement = ... QTextFrame::iterator it; for (it = frame->begin(); !(it.atEnd()); ++it) { QTextFrame *childFrame = it.currentFrame(); QTextBlock childBlock = it.currentBlock(); if (childFrame) processFrame(frameElement, childFrame); else if (childBlock.isValid()) processBlock(frameElement, childBlock); }
Note that the iterator selects both frames and blocks, so it is necessary to check which it is referring to. This allows us to navigate the document structure on a frame-by-frame basis yet still access text blocks if required. Both the QTextBlock::iterator and QTextFrame::iterator classes can be used in complementary ways to extract the required structure from a document.
Tables
Tables are provided by the QTextTable class.
Tables are collections of cells that are arranged in rows and columns. Each table cell is a document element with its own character format, but it can also contain other elements, such as frames and text blocks. Table cells are automatically created when the table is constructed, or when extra rows or columns are added. They can also be moved between tables.
QTextTable is a subclass of QTextFrame, so tables are treated like frames in the document structure. For each frame that we encounter in the document, we can test whether it represents a table, and deal with it in a different way:
QDomElement frameElement = ... QTextFrame::iterator it; for (it = frame->begin(); !(it.atEnd()); ++it) { QTextFrame *childFrame = it.currentFrame(); QTextBlock childBlock = it.currentBlock(); if (childFrame) { QTextTable *childTable = qobject_cast<QTextTable*>(childFrame); if (childTable) processTable(frameElement, childTable); else processFrame(frameElement, childFrame); } else if (childBlock.isValid()) processBlock(frameElement, childBlock); }
The cells within an existing table can be examined by iterating through the rows and columns.
for (int row = 0; row < table->rows(); ++row) { for (int column = 0; column < table->columns(); ++column) { QTextTableCell tableCell = table->cellAt(row, column); processTableCell(tableCell); } }
Lists
Lists are provided by the QTextList class.
Lists are sequences of text blocks that are formatted in the usual way, but which also provide the standard list decorations such as bullet points and enumerated items. Lists can be nested, and will be indented if the list's format specifies a non-zero indentation.
We can refer to each list item by its index in the list:
for (int index = 0; index < list->count(); ++index) { QTextBlock listItem = list->item(index); processListItem(listItem); }
Since QTextList is a subclass of QTextBlockGroup, it does not group the list items as child elements, but instead provides various functions for managing them. This means that any text block we find when traversing a document may actually be a list item. We can ensure that list items are correctly identified by using the following code:
QTextFrame::iterator it; for (it = frame->begin(); !(it.atEnd()); ++it) { QTextBlock block = it.currentBlock(); if (block.isValid()) { QTextList *list = block.textList(); if (list) { int index = list->itemNumber(block); processListItem(list, index); } } }
Images
Images in QTextDocument are represented by text fragments that reference external images via the resource mechanism. Images are created using the cursor interface, and can be modified later by changing the character format of the image's text fragment:
if (fragment.isValid()) { QTextImageFormat newImageFormat = fragment.charFormat().toImageFormat(); if (newImageFormat.isValid()) { newImageFormat.setName(":/images/newimage.png"); QTextCursor helper = cursor; helper.setPosition(fragment.position()); helper.setPosition(fragment.position() + fragment.length(), QTextCursor::KeepAnchor); helper.setCharFormat(newImageFormat); } }
The fragment that represents the image can be found by iterating over the fragments in the text block that contains the image.


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