This subpart prescribes policies and procedures for the use of option solicitation provisions and contract clauses. Except as provided in agency regulations, this subpart does not apply to contracts for (a) services involving the construction, alteration, or repair (including dredging, excavating, and painting) of buildings, bridges, roads, or other kinds of real property; (b) architect-engineer services; and (c) research and development services. However, it does not preclude the use of options in those contracts.
(a) Subject to the limitations of paragraphs (b) and (c) of this section, for both sealed bidding and contracting by negotiation, the contracting officer may include options in contracts when it is in the Government’s interest. When using sealed bidding, the contracting officer shall make a written determination that there is a reasonable likelihood that the options will be exercised before including the provision at 52.217-5, Evaluation of Options, in the solicitation. (See 17.207(f) with regard to the exercise of options.)
(b) Inclusion of an option is normally not in the Government’s interest when, in the judgment of the contracting officer—
(1) The foreseeable requirements involve—
(i) Minimum economic quantities (i.e., quantities large enough to permit the recovery of startup costs and the production of the required supplies at a reasonable price); and
(ii) Delivery requirements far enough into the future to permit competitive acquisition, production, and delivery.
(2) An indefinite quantity or requirements contract would be more appropriate than a contract with options. However, this does not preclude the use of an indefinite quantity contract or requirements contract with options.
(c) The contracting officer shall not employ options if—
(1) The contractor will incur undue risks; e.g., the price or availability of necessary materials or labor is not reasonably foreseeable;
(2) Market prices for the supplies or services involved are likely to change substantially; or
(3) The option represents known firm requirements for which funds are available unless—
(i) The basic quantity is a learning or testing quantity; and
(ii) Competition for the option is impracticable once the initial contract is awarded.
(d) In recognition of—
(1) The Government’s need in certain service contracts for continuity of operations; and
(2) The potential cost of disrupted support, options may be included in service contracts if there is an anticipated need for a similar service beyond the first contract period.
(a) Solicitations shall include appropriate option provisions and clauses when resulting contracts will provide for the exercise of options (see 17.208).
(b) Solicitations containing option provisions shall state the basis of evaluation, either exclusive or inclusive of the option and, when appropriate, shall inform offerors that it is anticipated that the Government may exercise the option at time of award.
(c) Solicitations normally should allow option quantities to be offered without limitation as to price, and there shall be no limitation as to price if the option quantity is to be considered in the evaluation for award (see 17.206).
(d) Solicitations that allow the offer of options at unit prices which differ from the unit prices for the basic requirement shall state that offerors may offer varying prices for options, depending on the quantities actually ordered and the dates when ordered.
(e) If it is anticipated that the Government may exercise an option at the time of award and if the condition specified in paragraph (d) of this section applies, solicitations shall specify the price at which the Government will evaluate the option (highest option price offered or option price for specified requirements).
(f) Solicitations may, in unusual circumstances, require that options be offered at prices no higher than those for the initial requirement; e.g., when—
(1) The option cannot be evaluated under 17.206; or;
(2) Future competition for the option is impracticable.
(g) Solicitations that require the offering of an option at prices no higher than those for the initial requirement shall—
(1) Specify that the Government will accept an offer containing an option price higher than the base price only if the acceptance does not prejudice any other offeror; and
(2) Limit option quantities for additional supplies to not more than 50 percent of the initial quantity of the same contract line item. In unusual circumstances, an authorized person at a level above the contracting officer may approve a greater percentage of quantity.
(h) Include the value of options in determining if the acquisition will exceed the World Trade Organization Government Procurement Agreement or Free Trade Agreement thresholds.
(a) The contract shall specify limits on the purchase of additional supplies or services, or the overall duration of the term of the contract, including any extension.
(b) The contract shall state the period within which the option may be exercised.
(c) The period shall be set so as to provide the contractor adequate lead time to ensure continuous production.
(d) The period may extend beyond the contract completion date for service contracts. This is necessary for situations when exercise of the option would result in the obligation of funds that are not available in the fiscal year in which the contract would otherwise be completed.
(e) Unless otherwise approved in accordance with agency procedures, the total of the basic and option periods shall not exceed 5 years in the case of services, and the total of the basic and option quantities shall not exceed the requirement for 5 years in the case of supplies. These limitations do not apply to information technology contracts. However, statutes applicable to various classes of contracts, for example, the Service Contract Labor Standards statute (see 22.1002-1), may place additional restrictions on the length of contracts.
(f) Contracts may express options for increased quantities of supplies or services in terms of—
(1) Percentage of specific line items,
(2) Increase in specific line items; or
(3) Additional numbered line items identified as the option.
(g) Contracts may express extensions of the term of the contract as an amended completion date or as additional time for performance; e.g., days, weeks, or months.
(a) The contracting officer shall justify in writing the quantities or the term under option, the notification period for exercising the option, and any limitation on option price under 17.203(g); and shall include the justification document in the contract file.
(b) Any justifications and approvals and any determination and findings required by Part 6 shall specify both the basic requirement and the increase permitted by the option.
(a) In awarding the basic contract, the contracting officer shall, except as provided in paragraph (b) of this section, evaluate offers for any option quantities or periods contained in a solicitation when it has been determined prior to soliciting offers that the Government is likely to exercise the options. (See 17.208.)
(b) The contracting officer need not evaluate offers for any option quantities when it is determined that evaluation would not be in the best interests of the Government and this determination is approved at a level above the contracting officer. An example of a circumstance that may support a determination not to evaluate offers for option quantities is when there is a reasonable certainty that funds will be unavailable to permit exercise of the option.
(a) When exercising an option, the contracting officer shall provide written notice to the contractor within the time period specified in the contract.
(b) When the contract provides for economic price adjustment and the contractor requests a revision of the price, the contracting officer shall determine the effect of the adjustment on prices under the option before the option is exercised.
(c) The contracting officer may exercise options only after determining that—
(1) Funds are available;
(2) The requirement covered by the option fulfills an existing Government need;
(3) The exercise of the option is the most advantageous method of fulfilling the Government’s need, price and other factors (see paragraphs (d) and (e) of this section) considered;
(4) The option was synopsized in accordance with Part 5 unless exempted by 5.202(a)(11) or other appropriate exemptions in 5.202;
(5) The contractor is not listed in the System for Award Management Exclusions (see FAR 9.405-1);
(6) The contractor’s past performance evaluations on other contract actions have been considered; and
(7) The contractor’s performance on this contract has been acceptable, e.g., received satisfactory ratings.
(d) The contracting officer, after considering price and other factors, shall make the determination on the basis of one of the following:
(1) A new solicitation fails to produce a better price or a more advantageous offer than that offered by the option. If it is anticipated that the best price available is the option price or that this is the more advantageous offer, the contracting officer should not use this method of testing the market.
(2) An informal analysis of prices or an examination of the market indicates that the option price is better than prices available in the market or that the option is the more advantageous offer.
(3) The time between the award of the contract containing the option and the exercise of the option is so short that it indicates the option price is the lowest price obtainable or the more advantageous offer. The contracting officer shall take into consideration such factors as market stability and comparison of the time since award with the usual duration of contracts for such supplies or services.
(e) The determination of other factors under paragraph (c)(3) of this section—
(1) Should take into account the Government’s need for continuity of operations and potential costs of disrupting operations; and
(2) May consider the effect on small business.
(f) Before exercising an option, the contracting officer shall make a written determination for the contract file that exercise is in accordance with the terms of the option, the requirements of this section, and Part 6. To satisfy requirements of Part 6 regarding full and open competition, the option must have been evaluated as part of the initial competition and be exercisable at an amount specified in or reasonably determinable from the terms of the basic contract, e.g.—
(1) A specific dollar amount;
(2) An amount to be determined by applying provisions (or a formula) provided in the basic contract, but not including renegotiation of the price for work in a fixed-price type contract;
(3) In the case of a cost-type contract, if—
(i) The option contains a fixed or maximum fee; or
(ii) The fixed or maximum fee amount is determinable by applying a formula contained in the basic contract (but see 16.102(c));
(4) A specific price that is subject to an economic price adjustment provision; or
(5) A specific price that is subject to change as the result of changes to prevailing labor rates provided by the Secretary of Labor.
(g) The contract modification or other written document which notifies the contractor of the exercise of the option shall cite the option clause as authority.
(a) Insert a provision substantially the same as the provision at 52.217-3, Evaluation Exclusive of Options, in solicitations when the solicitation includes an option clause and does not include one of the provisions prescribed in paragraph (b) or (c) of this section.
(b) Insert a provision substantially the same as the provision at 52.217-4, Evaluation of Options Exercised at Time of Contract Award, in solicitations when the solicitation includes an option clause, the contracting officer has determined that there is a reasonable likelihood that the option will be exercised, and the option may be exercised at the time of contract award.
(c) Insert a provision substantially the same as the provision at 52.217-5, Evaluation of Options, in solicitations when—
(1) The solicitation contains an option clause;
(2) An option is not to be exercised at the time of contract award;
(3) A firm-fixed-price contract, a fixed-price contract with economic price adjustment, or other type of contract approved under agency procedures is contemplated; and
(4) The contracting officer has determined that there is a reasonable likelihood that the option will be exercised. For sealed bids, the determination shall be in writing.
(d) Insert a clause substantially the same as the clause at 52.217-6, Option for Increased Quantity, in solicitations and contracts, other than those for services, when the inclusion of an option is appropriate (see 17.200 and 17.202) and the option quantity is expressed as a percentage of the basic contract quantity or as an additional quantity of a specific line item.
(e) Insert a clause substantially the same as the clause at 52.217-7, Option for Increased Quantity—Separately Priced Line Item, in solicitations and contracts, other than those for services, when the inclusion of an option is appropriate (see 17.200 and 17.202) and the option quantity is identified as a separately priced line item having the same nomenclature as a corresponding basic contract line item.
(f) Insert a clause substantially the same as the clause at 52.217-8, Option to Extend Services, in solicitations and contracts for services when the inclusion of an option is appropriate. (See 17.200, 17.202, and 37.111.)
(g) Insert a clause substantially the same as the clause at 52.217-9, Option to Extend the Term of the Contract, in solicitations and contracts when the inclusion of an option is appropriate (see 17.200 and 17.202) and it is necessary to include in the contract any or all of the following:
(1) A requirement that the Government must give the contractor a preliminary written notice of its intent to extend the contract.
(2) A statement that an extension of the contract includes an extension of the option.
(3) A specified limitation on the total duration of the contract.


(defn add-joke-about-parentheses [{title :title from :from id :id}]
(let [url (str "https://" from "/" id)]
(str title " from " from " - " url)))
(add-joke-about-parentheses {:title "Lisp Cycles"
:from "xkcd.com"
:id 297})
Functions are able to return a function as its result
const greeter = (greeting) => {
return (name) => `${greeting} ${name}`;
}
const hi = greeter("Hi! My name is");
hi("John Doe"); // "Hi! My name is John Doe"
Functions are able to take one or more functions as arguments
const person = { first: "John", last: "Doe", age: 27 };
const getName = d => `${d.first} ${d.last}`;
const getAge = d => d.age;
const printFn = (fn, data) => {
console.log(fn(data));
}
printFn(getName, person); // John Doe
printFn(getAge, person); // 27
Built in examples in JavaScript
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5];
const square = i => i * i;
const isEven = i => i % 2 === 0;
const print = i => console.log(i);
array
.map(square)
.filter(isEven)
.forEach(print);
The function has no side effects
The function returned value is the same for the same input
Basic Pure Function
and
Impure Functions
and
To
One of many use cases
Typed and Partial Function Application🙌
Pipes 🏄♀
3 -> a -> b -> c
In Elm this can be write like
ES Proposal for Pipeline Operator
Function Composition 🎶
Maybes and Pattern Matching 🪅
Immutable.js
Example of this idea
const array = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6];
array
.map(i => i * i)
.filter(i => i % 2 === 0)
.length
Commercial software typically has 20 to 30 bugs for every 1,000 lines of code, according to Carnegie Mellon University's CyLab Sustainable Computing Consortium.
"Functional programming goes a long way towards avoiding the problems of state-derived complexity. This has very significant benefits for testing (avoiding what is normally one of testing’s biggest weaknesses) as well as for reasoning."


Describe the impact the core learning has had on your Foundations learning journey.
1. What are 1 - 3 new things you have learned about yourself as a result of the core learning?
I have learnt;
* That I work well in a pairing program.
* If I keep pushing the idea of a growht mindset I learn faster.
* I am quite empathetic.
2. What has surprised you the most about the core learning?
How implementing these concepts has helped me become a better learner and person. I am more aware
of what I am doing at any given moment.
3. What was the most challenging aspects of the core learning?
The most challenging was the reflecting itself and having to write in response to how I think went with certain tasks.
4. Any thoughts you want to share about your core learning journey in Foundations?
Writing is not something I did much of before starting this course. I have found writing has become easier to do the more I reflect.


A Tale of Two Cities
by Charles Dickens
Book the Second: The Golden Thread—Chapter 20: A Plea
Additional Information
- Year Published: 1859
- Language: English
- Country of Origin: England
- Source: Dickens, C. (1859). A Tale of Two Cities. London, England: Chapman and Hall.
-
Readability:
- Flesch–Kincaid Level: 9.5
- Word Count: 1,458
- Genre: Historical Fiction
- Keywords: 19th century literature, british literature, charles dickens, french revolution
- ✎ Cite This
Downloads
When the newly-married pair came home, the first person who appeared, to offer his congratulations, was Sydney Carton. They had not been at home many hours, when he presented himself. He was not improved in habits, or in looks, or in manner; but there was a certain rugged air of fidelity about him, which was new to the observation of Charles Darnay.
He watched his opportunity of taking Darnay aside into a window, and of speaking to him when no one overheard.
“Mr. Darnay,” said Carton, “I wish we might be friends.”
“We are already friends, I hope.”
“You are good enough to say so, as a fashion of speech; but, I don’t mean any fashion of speech. Indeed, when I say I wish we might be friends, I scarcely mean quite that, either.”
Charles Darnay—as was natural—asked him, in all good-humour and good-fellowship, what he did mean?
“Upon my life,” said Carton, smiling, “I find that easier to comprehend in my own mind, than to convey to yours. However, let me try. You remember a certain famous occasion when I was more drunk than— than usual?”
“I remember a certain famous occasion when you forced me to confess that you had been drinking.”
“I remember it too. The curse of those occasions is heavy upon me, for I always remember them. I hope it may be taken into account one day, when all days are at an end for me! Don’t be alarmed; I am not going to preach.”
“I am not at all alarmed. Earnestness in you, is anything but alarming to me.”
“Ah!” said Carton, with a careless wave of his hand, as if he waved that away.  I wish you would forget it.”
“I forgot it long ago.”
“Fashion of speech again! But, Mr. Darnay, oblivion is not so easy to me, as you represent it to be to you. I have by no means forgotten it, and a light answer does not help me to forget it.”
“If it was a light answer,” returned Darnay, “I beg your forgiveness for it. I had no other object than to turn a slight thing, which, to my surprise, seems to trouble you too much, aside. I declare to you, on the faith of a gentleman, that I have long dismissed it from my mind. Good Heaven, what was there to dismiss! Have I had nothing more important to remember, in the great service you rendered me that day?”
“As to the great service,” said Carton, “I am bound to avow to you, when you speak of it in that way, that it was mere professional claptrap, I don’t know that I cared what became of you, when I rendered it.—Mind! I say when I rendered it; I am speaking of the past.”
“You make light of the obligation,” returned Darnay, “but I will not quarrel with YOUR light answer.”
“Genuine truth, Mr. Darnay, trust me! I have gone aside from my purpose; I was speaking about our being friends. Now, you know me; you know I am incapable of all the higher and better flights of men. If you doubt it, ask Stryver, and he’ll tell you so.”
“I prefer to form my own opinion, without the aid of his.”
“Well! At any rate you know me as a dissolute dog, who has never done any good, and never will.”
“I don’t know that you `never will.’”
“But I do, and you must take my word for it. Well! If you could endure to have such a worthless fellow, and a fellow of such indifferent reputation, coming and going at odd times, I should ask that I might be permitted to come and go as a privileged person here; that I might be regarded as an useless (and I would add, if it were not for the resemblance I detected between you and me, an unornamental) piece of furniture, tolerated for its old service, and taken no notice of. I doubt if I should abuse the permission. It is a hundred to one if I should avail myself of it four times in a year. It would satisfy me, I dare say, to know that I had it.”
“Will you try?”
“That is another way of saying that I am placed on the footing I have indicated. I thank you, Darnay. I may use that freedom with your name?”
“I think so, Carton, by this time.”
They shook hands upon it, and Sydney turned away. Within a minute afterwards, he was, to all outward appearance, as unsubstantial as ever.
When he was gone, and in the course of an evening passed with Miss Pross, the Doctor, and Mr. Lorry, Charles Darnay made some mention of this conversation in general terms, and spoke of Sydney Carton as a problem of carelessness and recklessness. He spoke of him, in short, not bitterly or meaning to bear hard upon him, but as anybody might who saw him as he showed himself.
He had no idea that this could dwell in the thoughts of his fair young wife; but, when he afterwards joined her in their own rooms, he found her waiting for him with the old pretty lifting of the forehead strongly marked.
“We are thoughtful to-night!” said Darnay, drawing his arm about her.
“Yes, dearest Charles,” with her hands on his breast, and the inquiring and attentive expression fixed upon him; “we are rather thoughtful to-night, for we have something on our mind to-night.”
“What is it, my Lucie?”
“Will you promise not to press one question on me, if I beg you not to ask it?”
“Will I promise? What will I not promise to my Love?”
What, indeed, with his hand putting aside the golden hair from the cheek, and his other hand against the heart that beat for him!
 Why so?”
“That is what you are not to ask me. But I think—I know—he does.”
“If you know it, it is enough. What would you have me do, my Life?”
“I would ask you, dearest, to be very generous with him always, and very lenient on his faults when he is not by. I would ask you to believe that he has a heart he very, very seldom reveals, and that there are deep wounds in it. My dear, I have seen it bleeding.”
“It is a painful reflection to me,” said Charles Darnay, quite astounded, “that I should have done him any wrong. I never thought this of him.”
“My husband, it is so. I fear he is not to be reclaimed; there is scarcely a hope that anything in his character or fortunes is reparable now. But, I am sure that he is capable of good things, gentle things, even magnanimous things.”
She looked so beautiful in the purity of her faith in this lost man, that her husband could have looked at her as she was for hours.

The supplication touched him home. “I will always remember it, dear Heart! I will remember it as long as I live.”
He bent over the golden head, and put the rosy lips to his, and folded her in his arms. If one forlorn wanderer then pacing the dark streets, could have heard her innocent disclosure, and could have seen the drops of pity kissed away by her husband from the soft blue eyes so loving of that husband, he might have cried to the night—and the words would not have parted from his lips for the first time—
“God bless her for her sweet compassion!”


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For any Catalogue questions, email the NHS Digital service desk at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or call at 0300 303 4034.


Generate 2D k-mesh¶
POSCAR is needed to to get the lattice information. the following command generates a k-mesh (-0.2 <= x <= 0.2 and -0.2 <= y <= 0.2) on the xy plan and around the \(\Gamma\) point with 21 points along each dimension.
1 2 3 | import mcu
mymcu = mcu.POSCAR()
mymcu.get_2D_kmesh(origin=[0,0,0], krange=[0.2,0.2], plane='xy', npoint=[21,21])
|
You should get the KPOINTS file generated. This is not done yet. Copy the k-mesh block in IBZKPT file to the KPOINTS file and do a simple math to figure out how many k-points in total. This new KPOINTS file should be ready for band structure calculation step.
Parameters¶
- originlist
Default: [0,0,0] or \(\Gamma\) point
Fractional coordinates of the origin of the mesh
- krangelist
Default: [0.1,0.1]
The first indicates -0.2 <= x <= 0.2, similarly for the second dimension.
- planestr
Default: ‘xy’
Options: ‘xy’, ‘xz’, ‘yz’
- npointlist
Default: [11,11]
Number of k-points along each dimension
Plot 2D band structure¶
2D band structure can be generated by following this procedure
Run a conventional SCF calculation to get WAVECAR
Generate KPOINTS file for a 2D k-mesh using mcu
Run band structure calculation using the new KPOINTS file
After finishing the calculation, you should be able to plot it simly by:
1 2 3 | import mcu
mymcu = mcu.VASP()
mymcu.plot_band2D()
|
You can run the following example in the /mcu/example/Graphene_2D directory. You should get:
All parameters and their defaults of plot_band function are given below. Most of the parameters are passed to matplotlib functions. So more information can be found in matplotlib docs.
Parameters¶
- efermifloat
Default: fermi level from vasprun.xml or OUTCAR
User can shift the Fermi level to a value
- spinint
Default: 0
If ISPIN = 1: spin = 0
If ISPIN = 2: spin = 0 (Up spin) or 1 (Down spin)
- bandlist
Default: VBM and CBM
Which bands to plot
- cmapstr
Default: ‘bwr’
Colormap used in style = 3. Other colormap type can be found here
- savebool
Default: False
True to save to an image
- figsizetuple or list
Default: De(6,6)
Size of image in inch
- fignamestr
Default: ‘BAND2D’
Name of the image
- xlimlist or tuple
Default: from k-mesh
Plotting range for 1st momentum (k). Unit \(Angstrom^{-1}\)
- ylimlist or tuple
Default: from k-mesh
Plotting range for 2nd momentum (k). Unit \(Angstrom^{-1}\)
- zlimlist or tuple
Default: from band values
Plotting range for energy (eV)
- fontsizeint
Default: 18
Font size
- dpiint
Default: 600
Resolution of the image
- formatstr
Default: ‘png’
Extension of the image
Plot spin texture¶
Spin texture can be generated by following the same procedure as 2D band structure except that one should add the key word LSORBIT = .TRUE. for SOC in INCAR file. After finishing the calculation, you should be able to plot it simly by:
1 2 3 | import mcu
mymcu = mcu.VASP()
mymcu.plot_spin(band=2)
|
You can run the following example in the /mcu/example/MoS2_spintexture directory. You should get:
All parameters and their defaults of plot_spin function are given below. Most of the parameters are passed to matplotlib functions. So more information can be found in matplotlib docs.
Parameters¶
- styleint
Default: 1
Style = 1: the colormap for the third dimension is in the background
Style = 2: the colormap for the third dimension is in the arrows themselves
- lmstr or list of str
Default: all the atoms and lm
Use can specify an orbital or a list of them, e.g. ‘Ni:s’ or [‘Ni:s’,’C:pz’]
- bandint
Default: VBM
spin texture is plot for this band
- cmapstr
Default: ‘bwr’
Colormap used in style = 3. Other colormap type can be found here
- colorstr
Default: ‘k’
The color of the arrows used in the style = 1. No effect if style = 2
- scaleint
Default: 15
Used to adjust the length of the arrow. The smaller the scale, the longer the arrows.
- scale_unitsstr
Default: None
Used together with scale to play with the arrow’s length. Check here for more details
- savebool
Default: False
True to save to an image
- figsizetuple or list
Default: De(6,6)
Size of image in inch
- fignamestr
Default: ‘spin_texture’
Name of the image
- xlimlist or tuple
Default: from k-mesh
Plotting range for 1st momentum (k). Unit \(Angstrom^{-1}\)
- ylimlist or tuple
Default: from k-mesh
Plotting range for 2nd momentum (k). Unit \(Angstrom^{-1}\)
- fontsizeint
Default: 18
Font size
- dpiint
Default: 600
Resolution of the image
- formatstr
Default: ‘png’
Extension of the image


MISSION: IMPOSSIBLE 2
Review by John Beachem
* * * *
Directed by: John Woo Written by: Robert Towne, Brannon Braga
Impossible mission agent Ethan Hunt (Tom Cruise) is back. His IMF contact, Swanbeck (Anthony Hopkins), tracks him down while Hunt is rock climbing on vacation and tells him to track down former IMF agent, Sean Ambrose (Dougray Scott). Ambrose has stolen the cure to a lethal virus from a German scientist; he is now hunting for the virus itself so he can infect most of the world and sell the cure to the highest bidder. In order to catch Ambrose, Hunt enlists the aid of a jewel thief named Nyah Nordoff-Hall (Thandie Newton). Nyah had a relationship with Ambrose years earlier, and it is believed that he still has feelings for her. The problem is that Hunt finds himself falling for Nyah and isn't sure if he can let her go to Ambrose. Hunt also employs the services of Luther Stickwell (Ving Rhames), the computer geek who assissted him in his last mission, and a wisecracking Australian named Billy (John Polson). The three find their way to the outback, where Ambrose has holed up while searching for the virus which is lethal if not given the antidote after 24 hours.
Think back to 1996, when the first "Mission: Impossible" film hit theaters. That movie, despite good performances from both Cruise and Rhames and an interesting (if somewhat convoluted) plot, was mired down by a lack of any action and Brian DePalma's direction. "Mission: Impossible 2" has solved both these problems with one simple solution - John Woo. Woo is the kind of director who can make a flock of pigeons look interesting and exciting. Whatever your opinion might be of his two previous endeavors, "Face/Off" and "Broken Arrow", it's hard to deny that the man has the ability to film a fantastic looking action sequence. In "M:I-2" (as it has been advertised) he has created a few scenes which will no doubt be rememberd by audiences for a long time. One is a motorcycle chase sequence near the film's end; and the other is a scene, that audiences will probably remember from the previews, where Cruise scales a mountain without climbing gear. Both scenes feature some of the most spectacular stuntwork I've seen this side of a Jackie Chan movie.
If John Woo has one weakness, it's his inability to pull great performances out of his actors. Tom Cruise is certainly adequate in "M:I-2", and at times even a little above that; but he has delivered much better performances in the past, even in movies like the otherwise awful and pretentious "Magnolia". Ving Rhames ("Bringing Out the Dead"), who is a very talented actor, is sadly underused once again as the amusing computer geek. John Polson ("The Boys") is relatively unknown to American audiences, having appeared mostly in Australian films; and he will no doubt remain unkown after being in this movie for a total of ten minutes or so. Thandie Newton ("Besieged") appears, at first glance, to be present entirely to look good (and she does so admirably). However, the romantic elements in "M:I-2" are actually used quite often and effectively. The only problem is they take a back seat to the action scenes about half way through the film, and poor Newton more or less vanishes. Last we have Dougray Scott ("Ever After"), using a very poor imitation Scottish accent. Oh wait, that really is his accent. Scott looks suitably evil I suppose, but Woo used much better villains in his last two films: Travolta and, uh, Travolta. Scott also gets the cheesiest lines, like "You should have killed me when you had the chance."
Let's face it, you're not going to see "M:I-2" for romance or great acting. You want to see this movie for great action scenes and nifty gadgets, and on both counts it delivers in spades. In fact, "M:I-2" is the kind of movie that the James Bond films are trying to be, but are failing at miserably. I've got an idea: The entire Bond franchise should be dropped, and we should get an "M:I-3" (I can't believe I'm asking for a sequel). The action scenes are all excellent in one way or another, and unlike in DePalma's rather sorry film, they come along quite often. Woo also adds nice touches to the movie, like fire reflecting in someone's eyes and dramatic music playing while Ethan Hunt walks past a flaming doorway in slow motion. The movie's score is another one of its strong points, being very dramatic and loud during all the dramatic and loud scenes (which would actually ecompass most of the film). I'd certainly recommend "M:I-2" to any action fans out there, though I think there is enough gushy romance to satisfy the non action fans as well (I could be wrong). The movie runs a touch too long at 122 minutes. I give it four out of five stars.
Any past movies you want me to review? Send to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Past reviews can be found at either: http://www.dependentfilms.net or http://us.imdb.com/ReviewsBy?John+Beachem
* * * * * - One of the best movies of the year. * * * * - Great flick, try and catch this one. * * * - Okay movie, hits and misses. * * - Pretty bad, see it at your own risk. * - See this one only if you enjoy pain.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
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Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


| Author | Eur van Andel<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Copyright © 2008 |
| Adapted-by | Albert Faber |
| Compiler | =2.4m |
this library communicates with the T6603 GE/Telaire CO2 sensor. This sensor uses the Telaire Tsunami-Lite Commnications Protocol available functions are: get_status() return byte get_co2_ppm() return word -- CO2 concentration in ppm get_serial_numer() return string[15] get_elevation_m() return word -- in meters above sea level
http://www.ge-mcs.com/download/sensing-manuals/T63182-003.pdf if this document moves, google for: http://www.google.com/search?q=telaire+tsnuami+lite
No dependency found
var word co2_global
const CMD_UPDATE = 0x03
const ELEVATION = 0x0F
const SERIAL = 0x01
const BRDCST = 0xFE
const CMD_READ = 0x02
const CO2_PPM = 0x03
const CMD_STATUS = 0xB6
const FLAG = 0xFF
var word co2_global
global CO2 value, keeps value when garbage reply
const CMD_UPDATE = 0x03
No documentation found
const ELEVATION = 0x0F
No documentation found
const SERIAL = 0x01
No documentation found
const BRDCST = 0xFE
No documentation found
const CMD_READ = 0x02
No documentation found
const CO2_PPM = 0x03
No documentation found
const CMD_STATUS = 0xB6
No documentation found
const FLAG = 0xFF
No documentation found
set_co2_elevation_m(word in meters)
should set elevation in meters above sea level, not implemented yet
get_co2_serial_number(byte out str[8])
returns 8 byte ASCII string, which should be the same as the number on the sticker
get_co2_elevation_m() return word
returns programmed elevation above sea level in meters this elevation is uses to calculate CO2 concentration correctly
get_co2_ppm() return word
returns a word with CO2 concentration in ppm note: if sensor is busy measuring the CO2 values, it will give garbage reply reply is checked for garbage and if so, *PREVIOUS* ppm value is returned
get_co2_status() return byte
returns status byte. bit_0 = error, bit_1 = warmup, bit_2 = calibration, bit_3 = idle
| 16f876a | 16f876a_t6603.jal |
| 16f877a | 16f877a_co2_t6603.jal |


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The STAREAST Conference Has Gone Fully Digital! Join STAREAST Virtual+ from May 4-7 live or on demand. 3 Pass Options (including the FREE pass!) to meet your learning needs.
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Go to Firehouse
The inspiration behind The Leaky Cauldron in Harry Potter. Order one of their legendary dustbin-lid pizzas at 2am and wash it down with a toffee cider.
Order a 30" Pizza at On the Waterfront
When there are too many amazing topping combinations to choose from why not got for 3 on one pizza! Although you'll need some friends to help!
Win The Vic's Pub Quiz
Test your general knowledge in every student in Pennsylvania's favourite local pub.
Take part in Rock Solid
There's no better sense of achievement than completing a freezing cold muddy obstacle course. It's also loads of fun!
Hitchhike for Charity
RAG run loads of events such as the Hitchhike to Amsterdam, Jailbreak and Lost - not only fun experience to look back on but also raising money for charity.
Go to Ottery St Mary on Bonfire Night
There's nothing more unique than watching people running through the streets carrying flaming barrels of tar.
Stay until lights on at the Lemmy
No better way to spend a Saturday night than dancing to Angels in Exeter's biggest club.
Visit Exmouth
One of the best things about Exeter is having the beach on your doorstep.
Eat a Scone at Tea on the Green
Go for a classic Devon cream tea right on the Cathedral Green - the scones here are second to none.
Ride the Pedaloes at the Quay
The perfect afternoon with your friends in the post-exam sunshine. Just watch out for swans!
Graduate
The hard work will all be worth it! Celebrate in the Forum with friends and family, glass of bubbly and legendary graduation cupcakes!


Geometric Approximations via Coresets
Back to
article
Input point set P
Number of points (
500
)
X-direction spread (
0.7
)
Y-direction spread (
0.7
)
Directional width
Angle (
0.7
)
Value:


This testcase demonstrates a bug (9441). When 'as' is deleted, there should be a space before and after the caret. Editing produces a tree that should result in two spaces, but for some reason it isn't rendered.
in LibertyF and seven years as our fathers f upon this
continent, a new nation, conceived in Liberty, and dedicated to the
proposition that all


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 Exalt her, and she shall promote you: she shall bring you to
honor, when you do embrace her. She shall give to your head an ornament of grace: crown of glory shall she deliver to you. Proverbs 4:7-9
If you really want to get the wisdom of God, you'll have to do more than casually read the Scriptures a few minutes a day. You'll have to feed on them night and day. You'll have to get rid of the rubbish you've been feeding into your consciousness by reprogramming your mind with the Word of God. "Oh, Brother Copeland," you may say, "that's unreasonable!"
Yes it is. But consider this: A music major in college practices for hours every day. Olympic skaters spend six to eight hours a day training for their routines. They do it because they're unreasonably committed to their goals. The same is true for you. If you're going to achieve the kind of spiritual excellence you're hungry for, you're going to have to be unreasonably committed to the Word of God.
That may well mean that you'll have to carry a tape player around with you everywhere you go. It may mean that you'll have your razor in one hand and your tape player in the other or a tape player in one hand and a fork in the other. Do whatever it takes to totally saturate yourself with the Word of God. I would speak to you no differently if I were your commanding officer about to send you into combat against the best trained elite troops of a savage enemy.
You are God's frontline assault force.  In this crucial, all-out, no-holds-barred offensive, Satan will dispatch hell's choicest personnel to bring you down. If you're going to make it through in victory, you're going to have to put yourself in training. Be unreasonably committed. Get wisdom.
Scripture Reading: Proverbs 1:7-33


I am a senior user interface and user experience designer. So far, I have completed more than 350 projects around the world. I learn, work and exercise every day
I will develop your business website from zero to one hundred francs. With JavaScript, React, Angular
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We had a great and exciting project. We had a good cooperation and they are very responsible and professional
She is very committed and regular in her work. We had more than 5 big projects together.
We had a great and exciting project. We had a good cooperation and they are very responsible and professional
You can use contact form or use other way to contact me. I'll happy to talk with you. Are you ready to start a project with me?


/* Copyright (c) 2014 Eric Brisson
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal
in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights
to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell
copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN
THE SOFTWARE. */
/**
* The CoordManager object provides canvas coordinates for rendering
* purposes. It also takes care of converting mouse event coordinates into
* canvas elements.
*
* @class CoordManager
* @namespace Render
*
* @constructor
* @param {GUIState.State} state The canvas state.
* @return {undefined}
*/
KeyboardInput.Render.CoordManager = function(state) {
this.state = state;
this.CANVAS_PADDING = 15;
this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH = 14;
this.WHITE_KEY_HEIGHT = 80;
this.BLACK_KEY_WIDTH = 7;
this.BLACK_KEY_HEIGHT = 60;
this.CANVAS_WIDTH = this.CANVAS_PADDING * 2 + this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH * 52;
this.CANVAS_HEIGHT = this.CANVAS_PADDING * 2 + this.WHITE_KEY_HEIGHT;
};
/**
* Given a mouse event location, determine if a canvas element (a keyboard key)
* was involved, and if so, return the element.
*
* @method getElementFromPoint
* @param {Object} point An object literal representing the location of the
* mouse event, with properties x and y.
* @return {Object} An object literal with a properties 'pitchClass' and
* 'register'. Returns null if no element was involved.
*/
KeyboardInput.Render.CoordManager.prototype.getElementFromPoint = function(
point) {
if (this.isKeyboardPoint(point)) {
return this.getKeyFromPoint(point);
}
else {
return null;
}
};
/**
* Given a point, determine if the point is located within the keyboard on the
* canvas.
*
* @method isKeyboardPoint
* @param {Object} point An object literal representing the location of the
* mouse event, with properties x and y.
* @return {Boolean} Returns true if the point is located within the keyboard.
*/
KeyboardInput.Render.CoordManager.prototype.isKeyboardPoint = function(point) {
var keybUL = {x: this.CANVAS_PADDING, y: this.CANVAS_PADDING};
var keybLR = {x: this.CANVAS_PADDING + this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH * 52,
y: this.CANVAS_PADDING + this.WHITE_KEY_HEIGHT};
if (this.pointWithin(point, keybUL, keybLR)) {
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
};
/**
* Given a point known to be located within the keyboard, returns the key
* that referred to by the point.
*
* @method getKeyFromPoint
* @param {Object} point An object literal representing the location of the
* mouse event, with properties x and y.
* @return {Object} An object literal with a properties 'pitchClass' and
* 'register'.
*/
KeyboardInput.Render.CoordManager.prototype.getKeyFromPoint = function(point) {
var adjPointReg =
{x: point.x - this.CANVAS_PADDING - this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH * 2,
y: point.y - this.CANVAS_PADDING};
var register = Math.floor(adjPointReg.x / (this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH * 7) + 1);
var adjPointKey = {x: adjPointReg.x + -(register - 1) *
(this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH * 7),
y: adjPointReg.y};
var bKeyCenterIndices = [1, 2, 4, 5, 6];
var i;
for (i = 0; i < bKeyCenterIndices.length; i++) {
var bKeyUL = {x: bKeyCenterIndices[i] * this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH
- this.BLACK_KEY_WIDTH / 2, y: 0};
var bKeyLR = {x: bKeyCenterIndices[i] * this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH
+ this.BLACK_KEY_WIDTH / 2,
y: this.BLACK_KEY_HEIGHT};
if (this.pointWithin(adjPointKey, bKeyUL, bKeyLR)) {
switch (bKeyCenterIndices[i]) {
case 1:
if (register === 8) {
return {register: register, pitchClass: 0};
}
return {register: register, pitchClass: 1};
case 2:
return {register: register, pitchClass: 3};
case 4:
return {register: register, pitchClass: 6};
case 5:
if (register === 0) {
return {register: register, pitchClass: 9};
}
return {register: register, pitchClass: 8};
case 6:
return {register: register, pitchClass: 10};
}
}
}
var whiteKeyID = Math.floor(adjPointKey.x / this.WHITE_KEY_WIDTH) + 1;
switch (whiteKeyID) {
case 1:
return {register: register, pitchClass: 0};
case 2:
if (register === 8) {
return {register: register, pitchClass: 0};
}
return {register: register, pitchClass: 2};
case 3:
return {register: register, pitchClass: 4};
case 4:
return {register: register, pitchClass: 5};
case 5:
if (register === 0) {
return {register: register, pitchClass: 9};
}
return {register: register, pitchClass: 7};
case 6:
return {register: register, pitchClass: 9};
case 7:
return {register: register, pitchClass: 11};
}
};
/**
* Given a point and a rectangle's upper left and lower right corners, determine
* if the point lies within the rectangle.
*
* @method pointWithin
* @param {Object} point An object literal representing the point, with
* properties x and y.
* @param {Object} llPoint An object literal representing the rectangle's upper
* left corner, with properties x and y.
* @param {Object} brPoint An object literal representing the rectangle's lower
* right corner, with properties x and y.
* @return {Boolean} Returns true if the point lies within the rectangle.
*/
KeyboardInput.Render.CoordManager.prototype.pointWithin = function(point,
llPoint,
brPoint) {
if (point.x >= llPoint.x && point.x <= brPoint.x &&
point.y >= llPoint.y && point.y <= brPoint.y) {
return true;
}
else {
return false;
}
};


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Author: {{article.author}}
Published on {{article.publishedAt}}
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Digitised Land Survey approved on sale and purchase of properties in Pakistan
by https://www.facebook.com/dunyanewsISLAMABAD (Dunya News) – In another step closer to digitalising the real estate sector of Pakistan and facilitating the Federal Bureau of Revenue (FBR) in tax collections, the government has approved conducting a digital survey on sale and purchase of the properties in Pakistan.
Sources familiar with the matter told the media on Tuesday that the survey which aims to collect maximum possible accurate data of the properties would be completed within two years.
A Chinese-style ‘Digitised Land Survey’ has been suggested and upon completion of the survey, all information of properties will be computerised.
The exact calculation of the sale and purchase of the properties will be in accordance with current rates.
Importantly, the move will significantly help the FBR in property tax collection.


Flatlander Crafted Gems
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WITNESS LIST Nominations Committee February 2, 2005 - 2:00P Secretary of State Nomination FOR: Williams, J. Roger (Self), Weatherford, TX


“When you bow deeply to the universe, it bows back; when you call out the name of God, it echoes inside you.” ―Morihei Ueshiba
Description
这个是对«Understanding the linux kernel»的读书笔记,记录下了要点.持续更新
Chapter 1
terms
- symmetric multiprocessing (SMP)
- Journaling file system 日志型文件系统
- General Public License (GPL)
- Fiber Distributed Data Interface (FDDI)光纤分布式数据接口
- High Performance Parallel Interface (HIPPI)高性能并行接口
- cpu nonprivileged mode:User Mode
- cpu privileged mode:Kernel Mode
- TSS:Task State Segment
区分module和microkernel operating systems
- module [monolithic operating Systems]:
-
does not run as a specific process.Instead it is executed in Kernel Mode on behalf of the current process ,like any other statically linked kernel function
- microkernel operating Systems:
- demand a very small set of functions from the kernel, generally including a few synchronization primitives, a simple scheduler, and an interprocess communication mechanism. Several system processes that run on top of the microkernel implement other operating system-layer functions, like memory allocators, device drivers, system call handlers, and so on.
File
A Unix file is an information container structured as a sequence of bytes; the kernel does not interpret the contents of a file.
Files Types
- Regular file
- Directory
- Symbolic link
- Device file
- Block-oriented device file
- Character-oriented device file
- Device files are related to I/O devices and device drivers integrated into the kernel
- Pipe and named pipe (also called FIFO)
- Pipes and sockets are special files used for interprocess communication
- Socket
Inode, consist the information:
- File type (see previous section)
- Number of hard links associated with the file
- File length in bytes
- Device ID (i.e., an identifier of the device containing the file)
- Inode number that identifies the file within the filesystem
- User ID of the file owner
- Group ID of the file
- Several timestamps that specify the inode status change time, the last access time, and the last modify time
- Access rights and file mode (see next section)
File Descriptor and Inode
- each file consists of a sequence of characters
- Information needed included in a data structure-inode
1.6.1 The Process/Kernel Model
he kernel itself is not a process but a process manager.
Besides user processes, Unix systems include a few privileged processes called kernel threads:
- They run in Kernel Mode in the kernel address space.
- They do not interact with users, and thus do not require terminal devices.
- They are usually created during system startup and remain alive until the system is shut down.
Kernel routine invoded:
- process itself invokes a system call
- process sinals an exception, cause the kernel invoke to handle the exception
- device issues an interrupt signal
- kernel thread is executed
1.6.2 Process Implementation
Process Descriptor
- program counter and stack pointer
- general-purpose registers
- floating point registers
- processor control registers(Process Status Word-cpu state)
- memory manager registers keep track of RAM
1.6.3 Reentrant Kernels
- All Unix Kernels are reentrant
Chapter 2.Memory Addressing
2.1 Memory address
- Logical address:
- Included in the machine language instructions to specify the address of an operand or of an instruction.
-
segment + offset
- Linear addrss:
- A single 32-bit unsigned integer that can be used to address up to 4 GB
-
range from 0x00000000 to 0xffffffff.
- Physical address:
-
Used to address memory cells included in memory chips.
- sample: 我们写个最简单的hello world程序，用gccs编译，再反编译后会看到以下指令：
··· mov 0x80495b0, %eax ···
这里的内存地址0x80495b0 就是一个逻辑地址，必须加上隐含的DS 数据段的基地址，才能构成线性地址。也就是说 0x80495b0 是当前任务的DS数据段内的偏移。
2.2 Segmentation in Hardware
-
logical address = a segment identifier[16-bit field called Segment Selector] + an offset[32-bit field]
- processor provides segmentation registers to hold Segment Selectors
-
CS:code segment register, points to a segment containing program instructions
-
SS:stack segment register, points to a segment containing the current program stack
-
DS:data segment register, points to a segment containing static and external data
- ES,FS,GS:->three segmentation registers are general purpose and may refer to arbitrary segments.
2.5 paging in Linux
Linux handling of processes relyis heavily on paging.
Signals and Interprocess Communication
- Asynchronous notifications
- Synchronous errors or exceptions
The kernel implements these constructs as IPC resources: a process acquires a resource by invoking a shmget( ), semget( ), or msgget( ) system call. Just like files, IPC resources are persistent: they must be explicitly deallocated by the creator process, by the current owner, or by a superuser process.
Shared memory provides the fastest way for processes to exchange and share data.
<IP_ADDRESS> Zombie processes a process remains in that state until its parent process executes a wait( ) system call on it.
Memory Management
virtual memory
- Several processes can be executed concurrently.
- It is possible to run applications whose memory needs are larger than the available physical memory.
- Processes can execute a program whose code is only partially loaded in memory.
- Each process is allowed to access a subset of the available physical memory.
- Processes can share a single memory image of a library or program.
- Programs can be relocatable, that is, they can be placed anywhere in physical memory.
- Programmers can write machine-independent code, since they do not need to be concerned about physical memory organization.
Random access memory usage
two portions of the random access memory(RAM).
- A few megabytes are dedicated to storing the kernel image (i.e., the kernel code and the kernel static data structures).
- The remaining portion of RAM is used in three possible ways: • To satisfy kernel requests for buffers, descriptors, and other dynamic kernel data structures • To satisfy process requests for generic memory areas and for memory mapping of files • To get better performance from disks and other buffered devices by means of caches


{%extends 'navigation.html'%} {%load static%} {%block body%}
Share N Learn is a Common Platform for Students & Faculties to upload and share - files including study material which will be accessible to all the registered members.
The Goal of the project is to create a secure and scalable platform common to both college students and faculties so that they can easily share the files / resources related to coursework ,
Competitive exams and others hence reducing the dependency on social media platforms.
In future the platform can also serve as an online library for the college students.


Metadata manifest for tumor / normal pairing for WES assay analysis.
Description: Metadata manifest for tumor / normal pairing for WES assay analysis.
Worksheet - Pairing
Preamble Rows
| Property | Description | Data Type |
|---|---|---|
| protocol identifier | Trial identifier used by lead organization, ie. Center for Experimental Therapeutics Program (CTEP) ID or Industry Sponsored ID. This is usually a short identifier. Example: E4412. | clinical_trial#protocol_identifier |
Data Columns
Pair
| Property | Description | Data Type |
|---|---|---|
| tumor sample CIMAC ID | Specimen identifier assigned by the CIMAC-CIDC Network. Formatted as C????????.?? | sample#cimac_id |
| normal sample CIMAC ID | Specimen identifier assigned by the CIMAC-CIDC Network. Formatted as C????????.?? | sample#cimac_id |


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Microsoft's Phil Spencer promises Final Fantasy 14 is finally coming to Xbox
Cross-platform and all.
News by Wesley Yin-Poole, Deputy Editor Updated on 14 November 2019
Xbox boss Phil Spencer has promised Final Fantasy 14 is coming to Microsoft's console.
Speaking to press during a pre-XO19 event attended by Eurogamer, Spencer announced nine Final Fantasy games coming to Xbox Game Pass in 2020, from Final Fantasy 7 to Final Fantasy 15, then brought up the elephant in the room: Square Enix's MMO Final Fantasy 14.
"The astute people out there might have noticed there's one Final Fantasy that's missing in our list: number 14. 14 is one I've been dedicated to, working with [director] Yoshida-san to find a solution to bring that game to Xbox. And while it's not in the news today, I wanted you to know, rest assured, that we will be bringing that game to Xbox.
"We have a great relationship with Yoshida-san, and we're working through what it means to bring a cross-platform MMO that they've run for years. But it will be one of the games that's coming and it's something I know our Xbox fans will be incredibly excited to see."
Final Fantasy 14 relaunched on PC and PlayStation 3 back in 2013 after a disastrous initial release in 2010. It then came to PlayStation 4 in 2014, and is currently considered one of the best MMOs around. It has yet to launch on an Xbox console.


| [ Team LiB ] |
18.1 URL AccessA URL identifies a resource on the Internet. A URL is a string composed of several optional parts, called components, known as scheme, location, path, query, and fragment. A URL with all its parts looks something like: scheme://lo.ca.ti.on/pa/th?query#fragment For example, in http://www.python.org:80/faq.cgi?src=fie, the scheme is http, the location is www.python.org:80, the path is /faq.cgi, the query is src=fie, and there is no fragment. Some of the punctuation characters form a part of one of the components they separate, while others are just separators and are part of no component. Omitting punctuation implies missing components. For example, in<EMAIL_ADDRESS>the scheme is mailto, the path is<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and there is no location, query, or fragment. The missing // means the URL has no location part, the missing ? means it has no query part, and the missing # means it has no fragment part. 18.1.1 The urlparse ModuleThe urlparse module supplies functions to analyze and synthesize URL strings. In Python 2.2, the most frequently used functions of module urlparse are urljoin, urlsplit, and urlunsplit.
Returns a URL string u, obtained by joining relative_url_string, which may be relative, with base_url_string. The joining procedure that urljoin performs to obtain its result u may be summarized as follows:
Analyzes url_string and returns a tuple with five string items: scheme, location, path, query, and fragment. default_scheme is the first item when the url_string lacks a scheme. When allow_fragments is False, the tuple's last item is always '', whether or not url_string has a fragment. Items corresponding to missing parts are always ''. For example: urlparse.urlsplit( 'http://www.python.org:80/faq.cgi?src=fie') # Result is: # ('http','www.python.org:80','/faq.cgi','src=fie','')
url_tuple is a tuple with exactly five items, all strings. For example, any return value from a urlsplit call is an acceptable argument for urlunsplit. urlunsplit returns a URL string with the given components and the needed separators, but with no redundant separators (e.g., there is no # in the result when the fragment, url_tuple's last item, is ''). For example: urlparse.urlunsplit(('http','www.python.org:80', '/faq.cgi','src=fie','')) # Result is: 'http://www.python.org:80/faq.cgi?src=fie' urlunsplit(urlsplit(x)) returns a normalized form of URL string x, not necessarily equal to x because x need not be normalized. For example: urlparse.urlunsplit( urlparse.urlsplit('http://a.com/path/a?')) # Result is: 'http://a.com/path/a' In this case, the normalization ensures that redundant separators, such as the trailing ? in the argument to urlsplit, are not present in the result. Module urlparse also supplies functions urlparse and urlunparse. In Python 2.1, urlparse did not supply urlsplit and urlunsplit, so you had to use urlparse and urlunparse instead. urlparse and urlunparse are akin to urlsplit and urlunsplit, but are based on six components rather than five. The parse functions insert a parameters component between path and query using an older standard for URLs, where parameters applied to the entire path. According to the current standard, parameters apply to each part of the path separately. Therefore, the path URL component may now include parameters to subdivide in further phases of the analysis. For example: u.urlsplit('http://a.com/path;with/some;params?anda=query') # Result is: ('http','a.com','/path;with/some;params','anda=query','') u.urlparse('http://a.com/path;with/some;params?anda=query') # Result is: ('http','a.com','/path;with/some','params','anda=query','') In this code, urlparse is able to split off the ';params' part of the parameters, but considers the '/path;with/some' substring to be the path. urlsplit considers the entire '/path;with/some;params' to be the path, returned as the third item in the result tuple. Should you then need to separate the 'with' and 'params' parameters parts of the path component, you can perform further string processing on the third item of urlsplit's return tuple, such as splitting on / and then on ;. In practice, very few URLs on the Net make use of parameters, so you may not care about this subtle distinction. 18.1.2 The urllib ModuleThe urllib module supplies simple functions to read data from URLs. urllib supports the following protocols (schemes): http, https, ftp, gopher, and file. file indicates a local file. urllib uses file as the default scheme for URLs that lack an explicit scheme. You can find simple, typical examples of urllib use in Chapter 22 and Chapter 23, where urllib.urlopen is used to fetch HTML and XML pages that various examples parse and analyze. <IP_ADDRESS> FunctionsModule urllib supplies a number of functions, with urlopen being the most frequently used.
Returns a copy of str where special characters are changed into Internet-standard quoted form %xx. Does not quote alphanumeric characters, spaces, any of the characters '_,.-', nor any of the characters in string safe.
Like quote, but also changes spaces into plus signs.
Returns a copy of str where each quoted form %xx is changed into the corresponding character.
Like unquote, but also changes plus signs into spaces.
Clears the cache of function urlretrieve, covered later in this section.
Returns a string with the URL-encoded form of query. query can be either a sequence of (name, value) pairs, or a mapping, in which case the resulting string encodes the mapping's (key, value) pairs. For example: urllib.urlencode([('ans',42),('key','val')]) # 'ans=42&key=val' urllib.urlencode({'ans':42, 'key':'val'}) # 'key=val&ans=42' Remember that the order of items in a dictionary is not defined: if you need the URL-encoded form to have the key/value pairs in a specific order, use a sequence as the query argument, as in the first call in this example. When doseq is true, any value in query that is a sequence is encoded as separate parameters, one per item in value. For example: u.urlencode([('K',('x','y','z'))],1) # 'K=x&K=y&K=z' u.urlencode([('K',('x','y','z'))],0) # 'K=%28%27x%27%2C+%27y%27%2C+%27z%27%29' When doseq is false (the default), each value is encoded as the quote_plus of its string form given by built-in str, whether the value is a sequence or not.
Accesses the given URL and returns a read-only file-like object f. f supplies file-like methods read, readline, readlines, and close, as well as two others:
When data is None and urlstring's scheme is http, urlopen sends a GET request. When data is not None, urlstring's scheme must be http, and urlopen sends a POST request. data must then be in URL-encoded form, and you normally prepare it with function urlencode, covered earlier in this section. urlopen can transparently use proxies that do not require authentication. Set environment variables http_proxy, ftp_proxy, and gopher_proxy to the proxies' URLs to exploit this. You normally perform such settings in your system's environment, in platform-dependent ways, before you start Python. On the Macintosh only, urlopen transparently and implicitly retrieves proxy URLs from your Internet configuration settings. urlopen does not support proxies that require authentication—for such advanced needs, use the richer and more complicated library module urllib2, covered in a moment.
Similar to urlopen(urlstring,data), but instead returns a pair (f,m). f is a string that specifies the path to a file on the local filesystem. m is an instance of class Message of module mimetools, like the result of method info called on the result value of urlopen, covered earlier in this section. When filename is None, urlretrieve copies retrieved data to a temporary local file, and f is the path to the temporary local file. When filename is not None, urlretrieve copies retrieved data to the file named filename, and f is filename. When reporthook is not None, it must be a callable with three arguments, as in the function: def reporthook(block_count, block_size, file_size): print block_count urlretrieve calls reporthook zero or more times while retrieving data. At each call, it passes block_count, the number of blocks of data retrieved so far; block_size, the size in bytes of each block; and file_size, the total size of the file in bytes. urlretrieve passes file_size as -1 when unable to determine file size, which depends on the protocol involved and on how completely the server implements that protocol. The purpose of reporthook is to let your program give graphical or textual feedback to the user about the progress of the file retrieval operation that urlretrieve performs. <IP_ADDRESS> The FancyURLopener classYou normally use module urllib through the functions it supplies (most often urlopen). To customize urllib's functionality, however, you can subclass urllib's FancyURLopener class and bind an instance of your subclass to attribute _urlopener of module urllib. The customizable aspects of an instance f of a subclass of FancyURLopener are the following.
Returns a pair (user,password) to use to authenticate access to host in the security realm. The default implementation in class FancyURLopener prompts the user for this data in interactive text mode. Your subclass can override this method for such purposes as interacting with the user via a GUI or fetching authentication data from persistent storage.
The string that f uses to identify itself to the server, for example via the User-Agent header in the HTTP protocol. You can override this attribute by subclassing, or rebind it directly on an instance of FancyURLopener. 18.1.3 The urllib2 ModuleThe urllib2 module is a rich, highly customizable superset of module urllib. urllib2 lets you work directly with rather advanced aspects of protocols such as HTTP. For example, you can send requests with customized headers as well as URL-encoded POST bodies, and handle authentication in various realms, in both Basic and Digest forms, directly or via HTTP proxies. In the rest of this section, I cover only the ways in which urllib2 lets your program customize these advanced aspects of URL retrieval. I do not try to impart the advanced knowledge of HTTP and other network protocols, independent of Python, that you need to make full use of urllib2's rich functionality. As an HTTP tutorial, I recommend Python Web Programming, by Steve Holden (New Riders): it offers good coverage of HTTP basics with examples coded in Python, and a good bibliography if you need further details about network protocols. <IP_ADDRESS> Functionsurllib2 supplies a function urlopen basically identical to urllib's urlopen. To customize urllib2's behavior, you can install, before calling urlopen, any number of handlers grouped into an opener using the build_opener and install_opener functions. You can also optionally pass to urlopen an instance of class Request instead of a URL string. Such an instance may include both a URL string and supplementary information on how to access it, as covered shortly in Section <IP_ADDRESS>.
Creates and returns an instance of class OpenerDirector, covered later in this chapter, with the given handlers. Each handler can be a subclass of class BaseHandler, instantiable without arguments, or an instance of such a subclass, however instantiated. build_opener adds instances of various handler classes provided by module urllib2 in front of the handlers you specify, to handle proxies, unknown schemes, the http, file, and https schemes, HTTP errors, and HTTP redirects. However, if you have instances or subclasses of said classes in handlers, this indicates that you want to override these defaults.
Installs opener as the opener for further calls to urlopen. opener can be an instance of class OpenerDirector, such as the result of a call to function build_opener, or any signature-compatible object.
Almost identical to the urlopen function in module urllib. However, you customize behavior via the opener and handler classes of urllib2, covered later in this chapter, rather than via class FancyURLopener as in module urllib. Argument url can be a URL string, like for the urlopen function in module urllib. Alternatively, url can be an instance of class Request, covered in the next section. <IP_ADDRESS> The Request classYou can optionally pass to function urlopen an instance of class Request instead of a URL string. Such an instance can embody both a URL and, optionally, other information on how to access the target URL.
urlstring is the URL that this instance of class Request embodies. For example, if there are no data and headers, calling: urllib2.urlopen(urllib2.Request(urlstring)) is just like calling: urllib2.urlopen(urlstring) When data is not None, the Request constructor implicitly calls on the new instance r its method r.add_data(data). headers must be a mapping of header names to header values. The Request constructor executes the equivalent of the loop: for k,v in headers.items( ): r.add_header(k,v) An instance r of class Request supplies the following methods.
Sets data as r's data. Calling urlopen(r) then becomes like calling urlopen(r,data), i.e., it requires r's scheme to be http, and uses a POST request with a body of data, which must be a URL-encoded string. Despite its name, method add_data does not necessarily add the data. If r already had data, set in r's constructor or by previous calls to r.add_data, the latest call to r.add_data replaces the previous value of r's data with the new given one. In particular, r.add_data(None) removes r's previous data, if any.
Adds a header with the given key and value to r's headers. If r's scheme is http, r's headers are sent as part of the request. When you add more than one header with the same key, later additions overwrite previous ones, so out of all headers with one given key, only the one given last matters.
Returns the data of r, either None or a URL-encoded string.
Returns the URL of r, as given in the constructor for r.
Returns the host component of r's URL.
Returns the selector components of r's URL (i.e., the path and all following components).
Returns the scheme component of r's URL (i.e., the protocol).
Like r.get_data( ) is not None.
Sets r to use a proxy at the given host and scheme for accessing r's URL. <IP_ADDRESS> The OpenerDirector classAn instance d of class OpenerDirector collects instances of handler classes and orchestrates their use to open URLs of various schemes and to handle errors. Normally, you create d by calling function build_opener, and then install it by calling function install_opener. For advanced uses, you may also access various attributes and methods of d, but this is a rare need and I do not cover it further in this book. <IP_ADDRESS> Handler classesModule urllib2 supplies a class BaseHandler to use as the superclass of any custom handler classes you write. urllib2 also supplies many concrete subclasses of BaseHandler that handle schemes gopher, ftp, http, https, and file, as well as authentication, proxies, redirects, and errors. Writing custom handlers is an advanced topic and I do not cover it further in this book. <IP_ADDRESS> Handling authenticationurllib2 's default opener does not include authentication handlers. To get authentication, call build_opener to build an opener that includes instances of classes HTTPBasicAuthHandler, ProxyBasicAuthHandler, HTTPDigestAuthHandler, and/or ProxyDigestAuthHandler, depending on whether you need the authentication to be directly in HTTP or to a proxy, and on whether you need Basic or Digest authentication. To instantiate each of these authentication handlers, use an instance x of class HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm as the only argument to the authentication handler's constructor. You normally use the same x to instantiate all the authentication handlers you need. To record users and passwords for given authentication realms and URLs, call x.add_password one or more times.
Records in x the pair (user,password) as the authentication in the given realm of applicable URLs, as determined by argument URLs. realm is either a string, the name of an authentication realm, or None, to apply this authentication as the default for any realm not specifically recorded. URLs is a URL string or a sequence of URL strings. A URL u is deemed applicable for this authentication if there is an item u1 of URLs such that the location components of u and u1 are equal, and the path component of u1 is a prefix of that of u. Note that other components (scheme, query, and fragment) don't matter to applicability for authentication purposes. The following example shows how to use urllib2 with basic HTTP authentication: import urllib2 x = urllib2.HTTPPasswordMgrWithDefaultRealm( ) x.add_password(None, 'http://myhost.com/', 'auser', 'apassword') auth = urrlib2.HTTPBasicAuthHandler(x) opener = urllib2.build_opener(auth) urllib2.install_opener(opener) flob = urllib2.urlopen('http://myhost.com/index.html') for line in flob.readlines( ): print line, |
| [ Team LiB ] |


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In November 2016, we collaborated with our peers in the enterprise IT space to launch EnterpriseReady. Today, we’re taking this project a step further by launching EnterpriseGrade—a short but thorough questionnaire to assess how your application stacks up against these features.
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The goal of EnterpriseGrade is to give software entrepreneurs and product managers a tool for figuring out how well-equipped they are to sell deeply into large enterprises. It’s one thing to score wins with small teams or individual departments, but getting executive buy-in and gaining company-wide adoption can be an entirely different beast. Even with cloud-based services, CIOs want to know that your application provides the levels of control, support and data they need in order to truly trust you as a vendor.
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Once you’ve answered the multiple-choice questions on how your application implements these features, you’ll get a letter grade and, if necessary, advice on how to improve each one. (See, for example, the assessment we did for GitHub Enterprise.)You can then choose to share your full results privately with your team, share your letter grade publicly with the world, or just keep everything private and think about where to invest in feature development.
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Take the assessment here.
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Make sure you vote for EnterpriseGrade on ProductHunt!
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- Grant Miller & The Team at EnterpriseReady
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Mercyful Fate’s Timi Hansen, RIP
by Amanda HatfieldMercyful Fate bassist Timi Hansen has passed away at the age of 61. King Diamond confirmed the news in a post on Facebook, writing, “I just found out that I lost one of my dearest friends, who has been fighting cancer for a long time, in such an incredibly brave way. He was not just my roommate on the early Mercyful Fate tours, but he was always my favorite bass player of all times. I was fortunate to have been able to visit him at his apartment with some other good friends, and we had a great afternoon that will never be forgotten. When I last talked to Timi on the phone on October 24th, I could understand that things had gotten tougher than they ever were, and yet he said ‘we fight on.’ I feel so so sad for his entire family, you have my absolute deepest sympathy. Rest in Peace my dear dear friend.”
Hansen revealed he’d been battling cancer after questions arose about why he wouldn’t be part of Mercyful Fate’s 2020 reunion tour.
Rest in peace, Timi.


GGlasgow is one of Europe's most exciting destinations, which combines the energy and sophistication of a great international city with some of Scotland's most spectacular scenery.
Be the first to know what is on in the city with the Glasgow city guide app. Access the latest retail, dining and leisure offers. As well as full what's on listings, location based searching and integrated Google mapping.
Whether you live in Glasgow or are just visiting this app is the perfect guide while in the city. Whether you are looking for something to see and do or trying to find somewhere to eat this app can help.


| DOSE: |
2.5 glasses |
oral |
Absinthe |
(liquid) |
Cheers to the World from Portugal ;))
Before discovering absinthe, I've had few experiences regarding alcohol. I've drunk many kinds of shots and even got more alcoholized that what might be considered 'proper', but that was all.
I've went with my friends to a discotheque in the early afternoon (kinda of a matinee). I've been wanting to try the famous 'green fairy' for some time. I ordered my absinthe simple, with one ice cube; I almost knew what I was in for when I smelled the drink... it smelled almost like pure ethanol! The liquid was a beautifull yellowish green...
The taste was bitter, strong and rather oily. The imediate warmth one gets from tasting a strong drink, soon spreaded to every fiber of my being and for a few moments I felt like I had something wonderfull, something magical inside me... my every muscle relaxed and I felt great... just imagine when you're in a warm bed and it's cold outside, and it feels so warm and comfy that you don't wanna get out... that is the feeling one gets by drinking the first absinthe glass...
Sadly, that feeling doesn't last much, and you only get it from the first glass of the day (or night, ;)). Afterwards, I felt much more 'connected' to the music and to the 'ambiance' and my sense of touch was a bit erratic, sometimes it felt like I was on painkillers, sometimes it felt like it had been slowed down somehow. There were no other particular distortions of the senses.
Suffice to say, I got very drunk that day, because I drunk another 'pure' absinthe glass and half of another (a friend of mine, said it was too powerfull and he couldn't handle it), but I didn't get much of a hangover afterwards (light headache, some drowsiness...).
Nowadays, I try to enjoy my absinthe without getting too drunk. Sometimes I drink it diluted (tastes great with apple juice). I don't know how much of it's effects can be attributed to alcohol rather than the Artemesia Absinthium, but my experience tells me that it... enhances alcohol somehow, it betters it! It doesn't kill your energy like plain vodka or whatever... it gives a lot more energy!!!!!
Beware, though, the quality of the absinthe is *very* important, some of the stuff that is selled as absinthe, is just some foul homemade stuff with wormwood extract oil and vodka. Once I drank one shot, just one shot, of an 'absinthe' that was so foul, so badly tasting; it wasn't even strong, it was rather weak when compared to say...goldstrike! The only 'effect' it gave me was sudden urge to vomit!
'Night's beauty's fade at dawn, and the children of wine are oft disowned in the morning light'-- George R.R. Martin (in 'A Game of Thrones').
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


See: Description
| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| SpecialKeys |
SpecialKeys is an interface containing values for special keys and modifiers.
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| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| CharacterConverter |
This class is used to correctly handle international character convertions.
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| Convert |
Convert is used to convert between objects and basic types.
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| Registry |
This class can be used to create, delete, read, write and list registry values.
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| Settings |
this class provides some preferences from the device configuration and other Vm settings.
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| Time |
Time identifies a date and time.
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| UTF8CharacterConverter |
This class is used to correctly handle UTF8 byte to UCS-2 chracter conversions.
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| Vm |
Vm contains various system-level methods.
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| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| AppExitException |
This exception is thrown when
Event.handleOneEvent() finds an event that requires the application to exit. |
| InvalidNumberException |
Thrown when you try to convert a totalcross.lang.String that does not represents a valid number.
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Ext.NET
5.3.0
.NET Component Framework for Enterprise Level Apps
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Public Member Functions | |
| Builder (TColorSelector component) | |
| virtual TBuilder | Listeners (Action< ColorSelectorListeners > action) |
| Client-side JavaScript Event Handlers More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | DirectEvents (Action< ColorSelectorDirectEvents > action) |
| Server-side DirectEventHandlers More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | ViewController (string viewController) |
| A string alias, a configuration object or an instance of a ViewController for this container. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | FieldPad (int fieldPad) |
| Padding between the sliders and HEX/R/G/B fields. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | FieldWidth (int fieldWidth) |
| Width of the text fields on the container (excluding HEX). More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | Format (ColorStringFormat format) |
| The string format to display the color value. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | ShowOkCancelButtons (bool? showOkCancelButtons) |
| Whether Ok and Cancel buttons (in upper right, below the selected color preview) should be shown. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | ShowPreviousColor (bool? showPreviousColor) |
| Whether 'previous color' region (in upper right, below the selected color preview) should be shown. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | TwoWayBindable (string twoWayBindable) |
| This object holds a map of config properties that will update their binding as they are modified. For example, value is a key added by form fields. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | SelectedColor (string selectedColor) |
| The initial color to highlight. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | Value (object value) |
| The initial color to highlight. Use SelectedColor if you want to provide it as a string representation of the color. More... | |
| virtual TBuilder | EmptyValue (object emptyValue) |
| The fields null value. More... | |
| Builder () | |
| Builder (ColorSelector component) | |
| Builder (ColorSelector.Config config) | |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static implicit | operator Builder (ColorSelector component) |
| TColorSelector | : | ColorSelector | |
| TBuilder | : | Builder | |
| TBuilder | : | TColorSelector | |
| TBuilder | : | TBuilder |
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inline |
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inline |
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inline |
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inline |
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inlinevirtual |
Server-side DirectEventHandlers
| action | The action delegate |
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inlinevirtual |
The fields null value.
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inlinevirtual |
Padding between the sliders and HEX/R/G/B fields.
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inlinevirtual |
Width of the text fields on the container (excluding HEX).
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inlinevirtual |
The string format to display the color value.
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inlinevirtual |
Client-side JavaScript Event Handlers
| action | The action delegate |
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inlinestatic |
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inlinevirtual |
The initial color to highlight.
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inlinevirtual |
Whether Ok and Cancel buttons (in upper right, below the selected color preview) should be shown.
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inlinevirtual |
Whether 'previous color' region (in upper right, below the selected color preview) should be shown.
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inlinevirtual |
This object holds a map of config properties that will update their binding as they are modified. For example, value is a key added by form fields.
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inlinevirtual |
The initial color to highlight. Use SelectedColor if you want to provide it as a string representation of the color.
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inlinevirtual |
A string alias, a configuration object or an instance of a ViewController for this container.


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To work or not to work—that is the question. . . Relax, this isn’t your Brit lit class—although you can feel free to take notes. After all, going to college—and deciding if you can squeeze a part-time job into your schedule once you’re there—can be confusing. Knowing your employment options is the first step to finding a job that will suit your schedule and boost your bank account. One type of job available to you is federal work-study. According to the National Center for Education Statistics, 46% of undergraduate students received federal financial aid in 2003-2004. Work-study is part of such packages. These positions allow you to work 5-10 hours a week in jobs that range from serving food in the cafeteria to doing clerical work to giving campus tours. Pay for work-study jobs is usually around minimum wage, and methods for applying vary from school to school. “Get there early when you’re applying for work-study,” says Chris Coons, director of admissions at Buena Vista University in Storm Lake, Iowa. “The jobs fill up fast.” However, if you wish to spread your wings, off-campus employment is a popular choice. Ken Huus, dean of admissions at Sweet Briar College in Sweet Briar, Virginia, says that retail jobs are the most typical off-campus positions. It isn’t hard to see why: pay is usually similar or slightly higher than work-study jobs, and more hours may be available. So what should you choose—on-campus employment or off? According to Michael Gentile, a senior at Southern New Hampshire University in Manchester, New Hampshire, there are pros and cons to both. Gentile has worked both on and off campus and says the most important thing to consider when job-hunting is flexibility. When it comes to this, work-study can’t be beat: not only is your work schedule built around your classes, but bosses are usually understanding if you have to call in because you have a term paper or an exam. Plus, you never have to leave campus. “With a work-study job, you can get up and walk to work,” says Gentile, who now works at Abercrombie & Fitch. “I miss that convenience.” According to Coons, work-study is also especially important for freshmen, as these jobs help students get to know people on campus quicker. Huus adds that work-study jobs are great preparation for life after college. For example, some schools include your work on your transcripts, which can be a useful part of your student record when applying for jobs after graduation. Plus, there’s the additional benefit of building a relationship with your boss, who may be helpful later as a job reference or career advisor. “The fact that [students] are involved in campus life and have mentors readily available is an invaluable experience,” says Huus. There are some limits with work-study, though. Because these jobs are awarded as part of a financial aid package, you have a certain amount of money you can earn in a given year. If you exceed your award, you won’t be paid the overage. There is much to consider with off-campus jobs as well. For one thing, you can’t do your homework on-site or call in because you have a group project. While Gentile points out that this has exposed him to valuable, “real-world responsibilities,” he also says it occasionally causes his academics to suffer. On the other hand, off-campus positions sometimes have an opportunity for advancement that may not exist with most work-study jobs. This summer, for example, Gentile was promoted to stock room manager at his store. “It’s nice because my hard work has paid off,” he says. “My managers appreciate my efforts.” Either way, though—work-study or non-work-study—employment is an important piece of the college experience: “Having a job is a valuable component because it teaches students to manage their time,” says Coons. Gentile agrees. “Working has taught me a lot,” he says. “On or off campus, it’s definitely the way to go.” Source: www.careersandcolleges.com |
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Builds a generalized low rank decomposition of an H2O data frame
h2o.glrm(training_frame, cols = NULL, model_id = NULL, validation_frame = NULL, ignore_const_cols = TRUE, score_each_iteration = FALSE, loading_name = NULL, transform = c("NONE", "STANDARDIZE", "NORMALIZE", "DEMEAN", "DESCALE"), k = 1, loss = c("Quadratic", "Absolute", "Huber", "Poisson", "Hinge", "Logistic", "Periodic"), loss_by_col = c("Quadratic", "Absolute", "Huber", "Poisson", "Hinge", "Logistic", "Periodic", "Categorical", "Ordinal"), loss_by_col_idx = NULL, multi_loss = c("Categorical", "Ordinal"), period = 1, regularization_x = c("None", "Quadratic", "L2", "L1", "NonNegative", "OneSparse", "UnitOneSparse", "Simplex"), regularization_y = c("None", "Quadratic", "L2", "L1", "NonNegative", "OneSparse", "UnitOneSparse", "Simplex"), gamma_x = 0, gamma_y = 0, max_iterations = 1000, max_updates = 2000, init_step_size = 1, min_step_size = 1e-04, seed = -1, init = c("Random", "SVD", "PlusPlus", "User"), svd_method = c("GramSVD", "Power", "Randomized"), user_y = NULL, user_x = NULL, expand_user_y = TRUE, impute_original = FALSE, recover_svd = FALSE, max_runtime_secs = 0)
| training_frame | Id of the training data frame. |
|---|---|
| cols | (Optional) A vector containing the data columns on which k-means operates. |
| model_id | Destination id for this model; auto-generated if not specified. |
| validation_frame | Id of the validation data frame. |
| ignore_const_cols |
|
| score_each_iteration |
|
| loading_name | Frame key to save resulting X |
| transform | Transformation of training data Must be one of: "NONE", "STANDARDIZE", "NORMALIZE", "DEMEAN", "DESCALE". Defaults to NONE. |
| k | Rank of matrix approximation Defaults to 1. |
| loss | Numeric loss function Must be one of: "Quadratic", "Absolute", "Huber", "Poisson", "Hinge", "Logistic", "Periodic". Defaults to Quadratic. |
| loss_by_col | Loss function by column (override) Must be one of: "Quadratic", "Absolute", "Huber", "Poisson", "Hinge", "Logistic", "Periodic", "Categorical", "Ordinal". |
| loss_by_col_idx | Loss function by column index (override) |
| multi_loss | Categorical loss function Must be one of: "Categorical", "Ordinal". Defaults to Categorical. |
| period | Length of period (only used with periodic loss function) Defaults to 1. |
| regularization_x | Regularization function for X matrix Must be one of: "None", "Quadratic", "L2", "L1", "NonNegative", "OneSparse", "UnitOneSparse", "Simplex". Defaults to None. |
| regularization_y | Regularization function for Y matrix Must be one of: "None", "Quadratic", "L2", "L1", "NonNegative", "OneSparse", "UnitOneSparse", "Simplex". Defaults to None. |
| gamma_x | Regularization weight on X matrix Defaults to 0. |
| gamma_y | Regularization weight on Y matrix Defaults to 0. |
| max_iterations | Maximum number of iterations Defaults to 1000. |
| max_updates | Maximum number of updates, defaults to 2*max_iterations Defaults to 2000. |
| init_step_size | Initial step size Defaults to 1. |
| min_step_size | Minimum step size Defaults to 0.0001. |
| seed | Seed for random numbers (affects certain parts of the algo that are stochastic and those might or might not be enabled by default) Defaults to -1 (time-based random number). |
| init | Initialization mode Must be one of: "Random", "SVD", "PlusPlus", "User". Defaults to PlusPlus. |
| svd_method | Method for computing SVD during initialization (Caution: Randomized is currently experimental and unstable) Must be one of: "GramSVD", "Power", "Randomized". Defaults to Randomized. |
| user_y | User-specified initial Y |
| user_x | User-specified initial X |
| expand_user_y |
|
| impute_original |
|
| recover_svd |
|
| max_runtime_secs | Maximum allowed runtime in seconds for model training. Use 0 to disable. Defaults to 0. |
Returns an object of class H2ODimReductionModel.
M. Udell, C. Horn, R. Zadeh, S. Boyd (2014). Generalized Low Rank Models[http://arxiv.org/abs/1410.0342]. Unpublished manuscript, Stanford Electrical Engineering Department N. Halko, P.G. Martinsson, J.A. Tropp. Finding structure with randomness: Probabilistic algorithms for constructing approximate matrix decompositions[http://arxiv.org/abs/0909.4061]. SIAM Rev., Survey and Review section, Vol. 53, num. 2, pp. 217-288, June 2011.
h2o.kmeans, h2o.svd
, h2o.prcomp
# NOT RUN { library(h2o) h2o.init() ausPath <- system.file("extdata", "australia.csv", package="h2o") australia.hex <- h2o.uploadFile(path = ausPath) h2o.glrm(training_frame = australia.hex, k = 5, loss = "Quadratic", regularization_x = "L1", gamma_x = 0.5, gamma_y = 0, max_iterations = 1000) # }


and I'm a music playing, animal loving, improv performing, software developing human.
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Email LinkedIn Github ResumeI studied computer science and music in college.
I'm a proud weirdo of Austin, Texas.
I love improv theater! Check out: The Hideout, The Institution, Fallout Theater, and ColdTowne theaters.
Fun Fact: I have 2 cats and 2 dogs!
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--- layout: projects title: "Projects" description: "Some things I have done." header-img: "img/about-bg.jpg" ---
Usually I work with Python. I use it for munging data, scraping web, building simulations and models etc. I'm also very interested in software development and here are some of my pet projects.
A personalised event recommendation system, which was built during European Innovation Academy. I worked mostly on the frontend. Design awesomeness by @LauraKrsmaa.
A simple and lightweight poker trainer with two different modes. Helps to improve intuition about No Limit Texas Holdem. Currently has about 2000 installs. Get it from Google Play Store
Call a number, leave a message and your blog post is live! See how to make one yourself. P.S. This post got featured on PyCoders Weekly.
Boogle is a webapp where people can lend books. It was built to learn more about Meteor - the fullstack JS framework.