The 'shiny' application 'wallace' is a modular platform for reproducible modeling of species niches and distributions. 'wallace' guides users through a complete analysis, from the acquisition of species occurrence and environmental data to visualizing model predictions on an interactive map, thus bundling complex workflows into a single, streamlined interface.
| Version: | 1.0.6 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.5.0), shiny (≥ 1.1.0), leaflet (≥ 2.0.2) |
| Imports: | DT (≥ 0.4), shinyjs, spocc (≥ 0.8.0), RColorBrewer, dplyr, spThin, ENMeval (≥ 0.3.0), rgeos, maptools, dismo, raster, shinythemes, magrittr, rgdal, leaflet.extras, XML, rmarkdown, zip |
| Suggests: | knitr |
| Published: | 2018-10-07 |
| Author: | Jamie M. Kass [aut, cre], Gonzalo E. Pinilla-Buitrago [aut], Bruno Vilela [aut], Matthew E. Aiello-Lammens [aut], Robert Muscarella [aut], Cory Merow [aut], Robert P. Anderson [aut] |
| Maintainer: | Jamie M. Kass <jkass at gradcenter.cuny.edu> |
| License: | GPL-3 |
| URL: | https://wallaceEcoMod.github.io |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | README NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | wallace results |
| Reference manual: | wallace.pdf |
| Package source: | wallace_1.0.6.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: wallace_1.0.6.zip, r-release: wallace_1.0.6.zip, r-oldrel: wallace_1.0.5.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: wallace_1.0.6.tgz, r-oldrel: wallace_1.0.5.tgz |
| Old sources: | wallace archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=wallace to link to this page.


The expected behaviour of this page is as follows:
- The Chat widget should appear on the bottom-right of the screen.
- The Chat widget should not be initially collapsed.
- A new message should be appended to the bottom of the chat frame.
- After clicking the Give me an avatar! button, new messages should display your avatar.
- Changing your name should update your name in the user list for any new messages.


BOYS DON'T CRY
Reviewed by Harvey Karten Fox Searchlight Pictures Director: Kimberly Peirce Writer: Kimberly Peirce & Andy Bienen Cast: Hilary Swank, Chloe Sevigny, Peter Sarsgaard, Brendan Sexton III, Alison Folland, Alicia Goranson, Matt McGrath, Rob Campbell, Jeanette Arnette
A colleague of mine loved the Walt Disney production of "The Straight Story" because, he said, this was the first movie he ever saw about Midwesterners that showed them a proper respect. Of course a film needs more than a respectful consideration of its subjects, however stereotyped they may be in real life, but that deference to the Ralph Farnsworth character and everyone he meets on the road from Iowa to Wisconsin did it for him.
If the converse is true, than this associate of mine would turn thumbs down on "Boys Don't Cry," based on a real story of horror which took place during the early 1990s in the state of Nebraska.  "Boys Don't Cry," which opened to rave reviews at the '99 New York Film Festival, is an unusual film, one with the qualities of fine acting and a sincere, realistic approach to the its morbid subject matter, but somehow the pieces do not coalesce into an engaging film. Overlong at almost two hours, this story deals with a woman pretending to be a man, and if it were comic to the slightest degree we could say it had Shakespearean undertones. "Boys Don't Cry" is largely melodramatic, its director averse to slipping in a moment of comic relief. At the helm, Kimberly Peirce does a swell job highlighting the troubles of a person seeking inner peace and freedom who does knows the popular movie expression "Let's get out of here," but seems unable to follow the advice. But the central character does not evoke the pity she should from the audience despite the Oscar-caliber performance that Hilary Swank puts into her. Somehow, her murder leaves us cold, not so much because she is too naive, too obtuse to sense the danger she is in, but because she comes across as a person that only a mother (and, in this case, just two other characters) could love.
Brandon Teena (Hilary Swank), who appears in virtually every scene, is a young woman who is physically attracted to other women, yet insists that she is not a lesbian. This insight could be a valid one: she does not consider herself to be a woman at all. While paying lip service to the psychological label "sexual identity crisis," she is simply a man in a woman's body, and one day, leaving the young man who cares for her and has allowed her to sleep in his home, she cut her hair short leaving a cute cowlick over her forehead, tapes her breasts tightly and inserts a sock into her undergarments. Changing her name minimally from Teena Brandon to Brandon Teena, she leaves Lincoln, Nebraska and in one instance in a speeding car almost literally flies in the face of her newfound freedom. Meeting up with some white trash in the backwoods of Nebraska, she is attracted to the delicate teen, Lana (Chloe Sevigny) who reciprocates Brandon's love, and in one erotic scene Brandon seems to convince the young woman that she is having sex with a man.
Ultimately, the confused Brandon is raped and murdered by a pair of sociopathic backwoodsmen, John (Peter Sarsgaard) and Tom (Brendan Sexton III)--who play their roles to the villainous hilt as men who are incensed that Brandon had lied to them daily. Still, the script--written by director Peirce together with Andy Bienen--does not clarify the motives for the murder. Are they repelled by Brandon's seduction of Lana? Are they furious that they were themselves compatriots of a lesbian and felt dishonored by the prevarication?
"Boys Don't Cry," then, is one of those movies in which all the qualities of fine cinema are present. The ensemble acting is splendid, the murder gruesomely portrayed, the lovemaking unaffected. What nullifies these attributes is our inability to feel much for a pitiful victim who, if properly moneyed with a supportive family could have easily solved her sexual identity problem with plastic surgery.
Rated R. Running Time: 116 minutes. (C) 1999 Harvey Karten
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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belongs to the author.
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Establishing Causality
In the language developed earlier in the section, you can think of the people in the S&V houses as the treatment group, and those in the Lambeth houses at the control group. A crucial element in Snow’s analysis was that the people in the two groups were comparable to each other, apart from the treatment.
In order to establish whether it was the water supply that was causing cholera, Snow had to compare two groups that were similar to each other in all but one aspect–their water supply. Only then would he be able to ascribe the differences in their outcomes to the water supply. If the two groups had been different in some other way as well, it would have been difficult to point the finger at the water supply as the source of the disease. For example, if the treatment group consisted of factory workers and the control group did not, then differences between the outcomes in the two groups could have been due to the water supply, or to factory work, or both, or to any other characteristic that made the groups different from each other. The final picture would have been much more fuzzy.
Snow’s brilliance lay in identifying two groups that would make his comparison clear. He had set out to establish a causal relation between contaminated water and cholera infection, and to a great extent he succeeded, even though the miasmatists ignored and even ridiculed him. Of course, Snow did not understand the detailed mechanism by which humans contract cholera. That discovery was made in 1883, when the German scientist Robert Koch isolated the Vibrio cholerae, the bacterium that enters the human small intestine and causes cholera.
In fact the Vibrio cholerae had been identified in 1854 by Filippo Pacini in Italy, just about when Snow was analyzing his data in London. Because of the dominance of the miasmatists in Italy, Pacini’s discovery languished unknown. But by the end of the 1800’s, the miasma brigade was in retreat. Subsequent history has vindicated Pacini and John Snow. Snow’s methods led to the development of the field of epidemiology, which is the study of the spread of diseases.
Confounding
Let us now return to more modern times, armed with an important lesson that we have learned along the way:
In an observational study, if the treatment and control groups differ in ways other than the treatment, it is difficult to make conclusions about causality.
An underlying difference between the two groups (other than the treatment) is called a confounding factor, because it might confound you (that is, mess you up) when you try to reach a conclusion.
Example: Coffee and lung cancer. Studies in the 1960’s showed that coffee drinkers had higher rates of lung cancer than those who did not drink coffee. Because of this, some people identified coffee as a cause of lung cancer. But coffee does not cause lung cancer. The analysis contained a confounding factor – smoking. In those days, coffee drinkers were also likely to have been smokers, and smoking does cause lung cancer. Coffee drinking was associated with lung cancer, but it did not cause the disease.
Confounding factors are common in observational studies. Good studies take great care to reduce confounding.


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Examine the following code segment:
int[] numbers = new int[10];
Based on the code above, fill in the blank: The element type of numbers is _____
There are not hints for this question


Be careful. Errors were detected in this file. The machine may not operate as displayed here.
| Line | Description |
|---|
Be careful. Errors were detected in this file. The machine may not operate as displayed here.
| Line | Description |
|---|
| Left Mouse | Hold and drag to rotate |
|---|---|
| Middle Mouse | Hold and drag to zoom |
| Right Mouse | Hold and drag to pan |
| Mouse Wheel | Zoom in and out |
| Pause path simulation. | |
| Restart path simulation. | |
| Start or continue path simulation. | |
| Snap to view down the X axis. | |
| Snap to view down the Y axis. | |
| Snap to view down the Z axis. | |
| Open previewer settings. |
| Simulation Speed | Sets the simulation play back speed relative to real time. |
|---|---|
| Temp Change Boundary Units | Temporarily changes units (inches vs mm) for the file boundary indicators. Note that a unit setting within file, if present, will over-ride machine setting for motion units, but not change the machine unit display here. |
| Table Offset from Z-Zero | Sets how far the table is below the Z-zero plane. If you zero at the table, then set the table at 0. If your material is 0.75" thick, set the offset to -0.75. |
| Grid Step | Sets the grid step size in current machine units. |
| Checkboxes | The check boxes show or hide the grid, dimensions, axes and tool |


-
Quercetin - For all adults.
This is the most important. Take it with food.
But it at a pharmacy or online: $12 - LuckyVitamin
-
Allicin (Garlic Extract)
More effective than penicillin.
Real Garlic by Purity Products: http://www.lifespannutrition.com/products.asp?itemnumber=190
-
Longevinex
For adult males and non-menstruating (e.g. post-menopausal) females only.
Avoid all medications and drugs. Including: aspirin, Advil, Tylenol, etc.
For best results, take at a later time than Vitamin C.
Longevinex.com - (866) – 405-4000 – $37 (1 box), $120 (4 boxes)
-
Vitamin D3 + Magnesium Citrate
LifeSpanNutrition.com –<PHONE_NUMBER> (correo postal)
$15 - "30 Minutes of Sunshine"
-
Omega-3 fish oil - 1000 mg 3-6 times a day
This is an oil, so take it with food or else you might get very nauseous.
Buy a decent brand in your local big-chain pharmacy like Eckerd's, CVS, etc.


Watch: Chiefs Send Pirates Packing
by Soccer LadumaSoweto is gold and black this weekend after Kaizer Chiefs' sent Orlando Pirates packing the Telkom Knockout, but it wasn't a game without drama...
Read: Chiefs In Talks With Potential New Signing!
The Glamour Boys fought back from behind to get level with the Buccaneers after Fortune Makaringe's first half goal put the Buccaneers in the driving seat, however a red card for Mthokozisi Dube opened up the opportunity for them to capitalise.
An equaliser from Leonardo Castro sent it to extra time and then a Daniel Cardoso penalty put Chiefs ahead in the final half an hour, but Gabadinho Mhango's late strike meant that the game would be decided in a shootout.
It was then that Daniel Akpeyi, a player who has split opinion since coming in for Itumeleng Khune, came to the rescue as he kept out both Ben Motshwari and Abel Mabaso, with all four of the Amakhosi's stars slotting past Wayne Sandilands to give the Glamour Boys the win.
Read: Blom Opens Up On His Chiefs Debut
Chiefs joined Maritzburg United in the semifinals of the tournament following their penalty shootout win over Highlands Park, while Golden Arrows went on to knock out SuperSport United on Saturday evening. Chippa United or Mamelodi Sundowns will join them.
Check out the full game highlights in the gallery below:


Devices
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If you provide products or services to Utilities - you may want to include Green Button in our product offerings
Utilities are seeing the advantage of engaging their customers and your products are the key to providing the data that drives utility consumer facing programs. Support of standard, interoperable, Green Button data formats and services make your products and services fully integrated with a growing ecosystem of services, providing added value to your Utility customers and avoiding the stigma of proprietary products.


To Create a CA, you need to create a key for it first.
openssl genrsa -des3 -out ca.key 4096
computer ssl # openssl genrsa -des3 -out ca.key 4096
Generating RSA private key, 4096 bit long modulus
.........................................................++
...........................................................
...........................................................
...........................................................
...++
e is 65537 (0x10001)
Enter pass phrase for ca.key:
Verifying - Enter pass phrase for ca.key:
ctest-System-Product-Name ssl #
Afterwords create the CA using the key you just generated:
openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca.key -out ca.crt
You will then be asked for the CA's
Common Name must be different
from the Common Name used in the Certificate later.
computer ssl # openssl req -new -x509 -days 365 -key ca.key -out ca.crt
Enter pass phrase for ca.key:
You are about to be asked to enter information that will be incorporated
into your certificate request.
What you are about to enter is what is called a Distinguisshed Name or a DN.
There are quite a few fields but you can leave some blank
For some fields there will be a default value,
If you enter '.', the field will be left blank.
-----
Country Name (2 letter code) [AU]:
State or Province Name (full name) [Some-State]:
Locality Name (eg, city) []:
Organization Name (eg, company) [Internet Widgits Pty Ltd]:
Organizational Unit Name (eg, section) []:
Common Name (eg, YOUR name) []:
Email Address []:
ctest-System-Product-Name ssl #
The following steps are similar to those in chapter 2.2. You
create a certificate key
openssl genrsa -des3 -out cert.key 4096
and a certificate signing request (the Common Name attribute
usually covers the server name, but do not enter a known
servername as smtp.gmail.com here - trusted servers are usually
already known by your client and therefore it will think of your
certificate as identity theft! Basically, anything else that you
enter should work. Make sure to spell your email address
correctly):
openssl req -new -key cert.key -out cert.csr
Now comes the signing. Instead of signing it yourself, you use the
certificate authority you created earlier:
openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in cert.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key -set_serial 00 -out cert.crt
computer ssl # openssl x509 -req -days 365 -in cert.csr -CA ca.crt -CAkey ca.key
-set_serial 00 -out cert.crt
Signature ok
subject=/C=AU/ST=Some-State/O=Internet Widgits Pty Ltd
Getting CA Private Key
Enter pass phrase for ca.key:
computer ssl #
Generally, the signed certificate is created now, but we need to
do one more step to be able to use it on our mail clients. These
expect the certificates to be in the .p12 format, which is why we
need to convert them. Do so with (replace Your Name with something
serious, your name for example):
openssl pkcs12 -export -in cert.crt -inkey cert.key -name "Your Name" -out cert.p12
The export password you will be prompted with needs to be entered
on importing and exporting the certificate into clients, be sure
to remember it:
computer ssl # openssl pkcs12 -export -in cert.crt -inkey cert.key -name "Your Name" -out cert.p12
Enter pass phrase for cert.key:
Enter Export Password:
Verifying - Enter Export Password:
computer ssl #
You should now have six files in your working directory. Check
that by listing the directory's content:
computer ssl # ls -l
total 28
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 2041 2011-11-28 13:44 ca.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3311 2011-11-28 13:43 ca.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1793 2011-11-28 13:45 cert.crt
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 1651 2011-11-28 13:44 cert.csr
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 3311 2011-11-28 13:44 cert.key
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 4122 2011-11-28 13:45 cert.p12
ccomputer ssl #
If any of those files is missing, you have missed a step or made
mistake somewhere.


Driver Source Code
The lscpcie2 driver is a Linux 2.6.x based PCI style device driver.
The driver uses the Linux device model introduced in the 2.6 kernel to register the driver and
devices in the /sys/class tree and have them known to the system and user.
The driver source is based on the simple form of all functions in one file, since it
is a relatively small driver.
- lscpcie2.c - contains all the driver source code
- Ioctl.h - contains the definitions of all the supported interfaces/access points between
the driver and user space code. All shared structures, constants and IOCTL commands are defined here.
- sysDefs.h - contains data type definitions to port so types used in the driver code to Linux
- 9-lscpcie2.rules - the udev rules for creating device nodes in the /dev tree
- insdrvr - script file to manually install the driver; used mainly for development and testing
- rmdrvr - script file to manually remove the driver; used mainly for development and testing
All global functions are prefixed with lscpcie2_ to indicate they belong to this driver.
Loading the Driver
The driver is loaded into the Linux kernel by a system call.
There are two ways to load a driver. The choice depends on
usage: development or automated.
- insdrvr - use the script file to insert the driver manually for development purposes.
This script uses the insmod system call to load the driver module into the kernel.
- init script - the DevKit install script will add to the init file /etc/rc.d/rc.local
a line to execute the modprobe call for the respective drivers, which then uses the kernel's
automated services to load registered modules based on hardware discovered.
For standard operations, the driver is installed and loaded automatically by the system when the OS starts.
This is done using the modprobe call and associated configuration files.
Installation
- The driver file lscpcie2.ko is copied into the system's
/lib/modules/.../extra/ location for extra modules added to the kernel
- The command depmod is run that gerenates a list of rules that associate
the driver with PCI hardware ID's that the board supports.
- modprobe is added to the system's local startup script so that once the
system boots it will probe for Lattice PCIe eval boards and will load the driver if
they are found.
Inserting
The following figure illustrates this process.
- modprobe is called to look for Lattice PCIe eval boards
- modprobe uses the modules.deps and modules.alias files to associate
the correct driver with the discovered hardware
- modprobe installs the lscpcie2.ko file into the kernel
Initializing
Once the driver is loaded, the kernel calls the lscpcie2_init() entry point.
The driver registers the lscpcie2_probe() function to be called when-ever
the PCI sub-system detects a board corresponding to the Lattice Device, Vendor and
sub-system IDs.
The kernel then invokes the callback for each eval board it discovers. The job of
the lscpcie2_probe() function is to initialize the board hardware and setup
the structures to make it appear in the /dev devices tree.
The following figure illustrates this process.
- The driver adds an lscpcie2 into the /sys/class/ tree.
Making entries in the /sys/class directory structure allows the driver to announce
it has found a device and provide identifying details to the system. The system
services then know that this device belongs to the driver, so any accesses to this
class of device should be referred to the driver. This is done in the lscpcie2_probe()
function with class_device_create() and friends.
- Creating entries in the /sys tree causes the udev service (daemon) to examine
what has changed and look for rules on how to deal with the new device.
- Once an entry has been created in the /sys/class tree, the system udev service is
notified, and it examines the tree for new entries. It tries to match entries with
rules contained in files in /etc/udev/rules.d directory.
- The file 9-lscpcie2.rules provides the pattern matching rules for identifying a
Lattice lscpcie2 type device.
- The rules specify how to create an entry in the /dev/lscpcie2/ directory.
This is done automatically by the system without any user or driver initiation.
Older style drivers manually created device nodes in /dev using the mknod command.
udev gives Linux the Plug-N-Play look and feel.
After the driver is loaded and hardware devices are discovered, the board hardware has
been initialized. The driver writes to the hardware and displays an "I" on the 16 segment LEDs.
The udev service creates nodes in the /dev/lscpcie2 tree corresponding to each board found.
The hardware and driver are now ready to be "opened" and used.
Note that the udev service (and installed rules) is required for either the manual load
(with insmod) or the standard automatic load. udev is the way the device nodes appear
in /dev/lscpcie2.
How a Device is Opened
To use the board, a User application needs to open a file handle to it. This is done the standard
Unix way by opening the filename in /dev that corresponds to the device/driver pair.
The device file name appears in the directory /dev/lscpcie2. It has been automatically created
by udev and the specific lscpcie2 rules file. The device file will have a major number that
matches the lscpcie2 driver. Each device entry will have a unique minor number that matches
the driver's index of boards it supports.
Upon successfully opening the lscpcie2 device file, the caller now can use the driver's read, write
and ioctl calls to access driver resources and hardware memory. The Linux file system will
now direct any system calls operating on that file to the driver's entry points.
How Device Memory is Accessed
The eval board's registers are made available to the user space application via the
mmap() system call. The driver implements mmap() which maps the board's BAR1 address
space into the caller's virtual memory. A translation is setup in the user's pages
such that memory addresses (via a pointer) map directly to the hardware on the
eval board.
mmap() returns a pointer to the memory window, like malloc'ing it, but accesses
to this memory range will become direct PCIe MRd/MWr transactions.
DMA Common Buffer
The driver allocates up to 64KB of memory for use by the eval board when performing
the Thruput demo. The Thruput demo needs a valid place to read/write PCIe data
from/to that will not corrupt system operation. The driver kmalloc's a block of
memory and the physical bus address of this memory is available through ioctl()
calls. The address can then be programmed into the IP when performing the transfers.
The contents of this "DMA" memory buffer can be accessed by the user using the
read() and write() file operations. This way the buffer contents can be cleared with
a write() before the IP is programmed to transfer into it (MWr thruput test), and then
later examined with a read() to verify the IP really did move data into PC system memory.
Closing the Device
Closing access to an lscpcie2 device (PCIe eval board) is done with a standard close() call.
The driver's lscpcie2_release() call does very little, since this is a very light-weight
driver. It displays a "C" on the 16 segment LEDs to indicate the board is closed and no one
is using it now.
There are no resources to release so nothing else is done. The standard file system will
prevent further access via this file handle since the file has been closed.
Removing the Driver
Normally the driver is not removed, since the boards are not hot-swapable, but manually
using the rmdrvr script will cause the driver to be removed. This will release all resource
acquired by the driver (mainly mapping the GPIO registers into driver memory for displaying
characters on the 16 segment display.) The driver is also unregistered from the PCI subsystem
and the entries in /sys/class are removed, which causes the device nodes in /dev/lscpcie2 to
disappear.
Debug Output
The driver contains debug macros that send output to the system log (if the driver was installed with the
option debug=1).
The system log can be viewed with tail -f /var/log/messages (need to be root).
Information about opening the driver, executing a commands, etc. will all be
sent to the system log, as well as messages from the demo application and library.
Generated on Wed Jul 16 12:05:23 2008 for Lattice lscpcie2 Device Driver by
<IP_ADDRESS>


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Chance or Design Olympic Mural, Rio de Janeiro © TigerEyes Prada Marfa Near Valentine, Texas © TigerEyes Fruit Stand, Kathmandu © TigerEyes Drying Laundry, Komodo Island © TigerEyes Tidal Foam, Tofino, British Columbia © TigerEyes Trail to the Sun Gate, Machu Picchu © TigerEyes Inca Cut Stones with Lichen, Peru © TigerEyes Koi, Japanese Garden, Portland © TigerEyes Red Boots, Shigatse © TigerEyes Family Altar Near Cusco, Peru © TigerEyes Mural from Nechung Monastery, Lhasa © TigerEyes Cat in the Sun, Tibet © TigerEyes Door at the Potala, Lhasa © TigerEyes
Spiritscapes Yamdrok Tso, Tibet © TigerEyes Maitreya Buddha, Thiksey Monastery, Leh © TigerEyes Prayer Flags at Manosarovar, Tibet © TigerEyes The Kailash Kora, Tibet © TigerEyes Prayer Wheels, Chiu Monastery, Tibet © TigerEyes Yak Skulls and Mani Stones, Chiu Monastery, Tibet © TigerEyes Manosarovar, Tibet © TigerEyes Offerings, Chiu Monastery, Tibet © TigerEyes Mani Stones and Horn, Kailash Kora © TigerEyes Sunrise, Shekar Dzong, Tibet © TigerEyes Thunder Sky, Western Tibet © TigerEyes Before Dawn, Kangshung Face, Everest © TigerEyes
Mysterious Openings Chorten to Kailash, Tibet © TigerEyes Nuns Entering Cusco Cathedral © TigerEyes Purple Door, Sarlat, France © TigerEyes Tibetan Medical Clinic, Darchen © TigerEyes Windows at Drepung, Lhasa © TigerEyes Doorway and White Dog, Western Tibet © TigerEyes Opening Door, Shigatse © TigerEyes Blue Doors, Kathmandu © TigerEyes Courtyard of Colour, Lhasa © TigerEyes Nechung Monastery, Lhasa © TigerEyes Frida Kahlo House, Mexico City © TigerEyes Locked Door,Lhasa © TigerEyes Tiger Door Hangings, Tashilunpo, Shigatse © TigerEyes
Colours and Contrasts Dawn on Lhotse and Everest, Kama Valley, Tibet © TigerEyes Monks at Sera Monastery, Lhasa © TigerEyes At El Cosmico, Marfa, Texas © TigerEyes Kailash, Western Tibet © TigerEyes Vivid Walls, Lhasa © TigerEyes Boy Ringing Bell, Tashilunpo, Shigatse © TigerEyes Dyed Wool, Chinchero, Peru © TigerEyes Frida Kahlo's Garden, Mexico City © TigerEyes Olvera Street, Los Angeles © TigerEyes Kumbum, Gyantse © TigerEyes The Jokhang, Lhasa © TigerEyes Sunlit Door at Tashilunpo, Shigatse © TigerEyes


Enumerations
The following enumerations are available globally.
-
Declaration
Objective-C
enum IDCAuthenticatorType {}
-
Declaration
Objective-C
enum IDCError {}
-
Declaration
Objective-C
enum IDCProgress {}
-
The secure log log level.
See moreDeclaration
Objective-C
enum SecureLogLevel {}
-
Declaration
Objective-C
enum IDCSecurePinPadKey {}
-
Declaration
Objective-C
enum IDCSecurePinPadUsage {}


Day 5
Our nation, its leaders, and civil servants
5
Father, we lift up our nation and those in positions of authority. Our prayer is for our President and all whom You have ordained in the place of governing authority. Those on the national, state, and local levels. May the Spirit of the Lord be upon them. Give them true wisdom. Protect them from deception and foolish counselors, and guide them that we may lead a peaceful and quiet life, godly and dignified in every way.We ask for Your hand of protection and guidance on all those who serve to protect us, lead us, and stand for justice. For those who defend and fight for the weak and frail. For those who daily place their lives in harm’s way for us. As it is written, these men and women are Your servants for good. Cause Your favor to shine upon them.
Father, we know that Jesus is the answer for this nation, as with the whole world. It doesn’t need more politics or more money, power, or fame. It needs Jesus. Bring an awakening to our nation, like that of the Great Awakening in the 1700s. Humble us and enable us to see Jesus Christ as the Lamb of God. Help this nation see their condemnation before You and cry out to Jesus for mercy and help. And awaken the Church across this land. Give us boldness to shout from the roof tops and in the alleys and slums, in the broken homes and the halls of government. Invade this nation once again by the Holy Spirit and power. Turn us, return us, to fear You and follow Jesus. Give us Jesus, Father we ask; give us Jesus lest we perish. Amen. (Romans 13:1-7; I Timothy 2:1-3)


Create website for a Startup Company using Bootstrap 4 and jQuery.
Check Repo Check Live DemoCreate Todo list app using ReactJs in the online IDE, CodeSandBox.io.
Check Repo Check Live DemoCreate Password strength checker using jQuery and Bootstrap 4.
Check Repo Check Live DemoThe ABET-accredited Bachelor of Science in Information Technology at the School of Engineering & Technology prepares students for a variety of IT positions to meet growing demand in the Pacific Northwest.
This position provides value to our staff by enabling them to complete their duties through the use of technology. The Service Desk Specialist provides end-user hardware and software Tier 2 support by email, phone, and in person to WY Facilities staff, and in some cases campus personnel outside of WY Facilities. Candidates in this role must have excellent communication, customer service, and problem-solving skills.
Since beginning my journey as a developer at the start of 2020, I've self taught myself what I could until I simply platued.
Thanks to many open source material through Freecodecamp, Scrimba, Odin Project, and simply YouTube, I was able to learn
HTML, CSS, JavaScript, jQuery, PostgresSQL, ReactJs, Redux, and Vue. I believe with the help and guidance of


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block head %} Log In {% endblock %} {% block body %}
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Question no 3
Write a program to take marks as input and grade him accordingly.
Use conditional statement.Also the code using switch and ternary


Wi-Fi is the industry name for wireless local area network (WLAN)communication technology related to the IEEE 802.11 family of wireless networking standards.
Wi-Fi technology first became popular with 802.11b, introduced in 1999 and the first standard in that family to enjoy mainstream adoption. Today, Wi-Fi refers to any of the established standards:
802.11a
802.11b
802.11g
802.11n
802.11ac
The Wi-Fi Alliance certifies vendor equipment to ensure 802.11 products on the market follow the various 802.11 specifications.
Consumer versions of Wi-Fi products have additionally maintained backward compatibility.
For example, 802.11b, 802.11g, and 802.11n equipment all can communicate with each other, and mixed Wi-Fi networks with devices running multiple of these standards are commonly referred to as "802.11b/g/n" networks.
802.11ac equipment also communicates with each of these others.
The old 802.11a technology is not compatible with these others and has fallen out of mainstream usage as a result.
802.11
In 1997, the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) created the first WLAN standard.
They called it 802.11 after the name of the group formed to oversee its development.
Unfortunately, 802.11 only supported a maximum network bandwidth of 2 Mbps - too slow for most applications.
For this reason, ordinary 802.11 wireless products are no longer manufactured.
802.11b
IEEE expanded on the original 802.11 standard in July 1999, creating the 802.11bspecification.
802.11b supports bandwidth up to 11 Mbps, comparable to traditionalEthernet .
802.11b uses the same unregulated radio signaling frequency (2.4 GHz) as the original 802.11 standard. Vendors often prefer using these frequencies to lower their production costs.
Being unregulated, 802.11b gear can incur interference from microwave ovens, cordless phones, and other appliances using the same 2.4 GHz range.
However, by installing 802.11b gear a reasonable distance from other appliances, interference can easily be avoided.
Pros of 802.11b - lowest cost; signal range is good and not easily obstructed
Cons of 802.11b - slowest maximum speed; home appliances may interfere on the unregulated frequency band
802.11a
While 802.11b was in development, IEEE created a second extension to the original 802.11 standard called 802.11a . Because 802.11b gained in popularity much faster than did 802.11a, some folks believe that 802.11a was created after 802.11b.
In fact, 802.11a was created at the same time. Due to its higher cost, 802.11a is usually found on business networks whereas 802.11b better serves the home market.
802.11a supports bandwidth up to 54 Mbps and signals in a regulated frequency spectrum around 5 GHz.
This higher frequency compared to 802.11b shortens the range of 802.11a networks.
The higher frequency also means 802.11a signals have more difficulty penetrating walls and other obstructions.
Because 802.11a and 802.11b utilize different frequencies, the two technologies are incompatible with each other. Some vendors offer hybrid 802.11a/b network gear, but these products merely implement the two standards side by side (each connected devices must use one or the other).
Pros of 802.11a - fast maximum speed; regulated frequencies prevent signal interference from other devices
Cons of 802.11a - highest cost; shorter range signal that is more easily obstructed
802.11g:
In 2002 and 2003, WLAN products supporting a newer standard called 802.11g emerged on the market.
802.11g attempts to combine the best of both 802.11a and 802.11b.
802.11g supports bandwidth up to 54 Mbps, and it uses the 2.4 Ghz frequency for greater range. 802.11g is backwards compatible with 802.11b, meaning that 802.11g access points will work with 802.11b wireless network adapters and vice versa.
Pros of 802.11g - fast maximum speed; signal range is good and not easily obstructed
Cons of 802.11g - costs more than 802.11b; appliances may interfere on the unregulated signal frequency
802.11n:
802.11n (also sometimes known as "Wireless N") was designed to improve on 802.11g in the amount of bandwidth supported by utilizing multiple wireless signals and antennas (called MIMO technology) instead of one.
Industry standards groups ratified 802.11n in 2009 with specifications providing for up to 300 Mbps of network bandwidth. 802.11n also offers somewhat better range over earlier Wi-Fi standards due to its increased signal intensity, and it is backward-compatible with 802.11b/g gear.
Pros of 802.11n - fastest maximum speed and best signal range; more resistant to signal interference from outside sources
Cons of 802.11n - standard is not yet finalized; costs more than 802.11g; the use of multiple signals may greatly interfere with nearby 802.11b/g based networks.
802.11ac
The newest generation of Wi-Fi signaling in popular use, 802.11ac utilizes dual band wireless technology, supporting simultaneous connections on both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Wi-Fi bands.
802.11ac offers backward compatibility to 802.11b/g/n and bandwidth rated up to 1300 Mbps on the 5 GHz band plus up to 450 Mbps on 2.4 GHz.
802.11ac
The newest generation of Wi-Fi signaling in popular use, 802.11ac utilizes dual band wireless technology, supporting simultaneous connections on both the 2.4 GHz and 5 GHz Wi-Fi bands. 802.11ac offers backward compatibility to 802.11b/g/n and bandwidth rated up to 1300 Mbps on the 5 GHz band plus up to 450 Mbps on 2.4 GHz.
Other IEEE 802.11 working group standards like 802.11h and 802.11j are extensions or offshoots of Wi-Fi technology that each serve a very specific purpose.
WiMax also was developed separately from Wi-Fi. WiMax is designed for long-range networking (spanning miles or kilometers) as opposed to local area wireless networking.
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Welcome to my attempt at doing Tidy Tuesday. This week’s dataset is looking at pizza places.
Load the necessary packages.
Load the data for analysis.
## Parsed with column specification:
## cols(
## polla_qid = col_double(),
## answer = col_character(),
## votes = col_double(),
## pollq_id = col_double(),
## question = col_character(),
## place = col_character(),
## time = col_double(),
## total_votes = col_double(),
## percent = col_double()
## )
## Parsed with column specification:
## cols(
## .default = col_double(),
## name = col_character(),
## address1 = col_character(),
## city = col_character(),
## country = col_character()
## )
## See spec(...) for full column specifications.
## Parsed with column specification:
## cols(
## name = col_character(),
## address = col_character(),
## city = col_character(),
## country = col_character(),
## province = col_character(),
## latitude = col_double(),
## longitude = col_double(),
## categories = col_character(),
## price_range_min = col_double(),
## price_range_max = col_double()
## )
I want to look at the data to see what I’m working with.
## # A tibble: 6 x 22
## name address1 city zip country latitude longitude price_level
## <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Pugs… 590 E 1… Bronx 10458 US 40.9 -73.9 1
## 2 Will… 265 Uni… Broo… 11211 US 40.7 -74.0 1
## 3 99 C… 473 Lex… New … 10017 US 40.8 -74.0 1
## 4 Nino… 39 W 46… New … 10036 US 40.8 -74.0 2
## 5 La P… 31 E 20… New … 10003 US 40.7 -74.0 2
## 6 La G… 382 8th… New … 10001 US NA NA 1
## # … with 14 more variables: provider_rating <dbl>,
## # provider_review_count <dbl>, review_stats_all_average_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_all_count <dbl>, review_stats_all_total_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_community_average_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_community_count <dbl>,
## # review_stats_community_total_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_critic_average_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_critic_count <dbl>,
## # review_stats_critic_total_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_dave_average_score <dbl>, review_stats_dave_count <dbl>,
## # review_stats_dave_total_score <dbl>
## # A tibble: 6 x 10
## name address city country province latitude longitude categories
## <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
## 1 Shot… 4203 E… Sher… US AR 34.8 -92.2 Pizza,Res…
## 2 Sauc… 25 E C… Phoe… US AZ 33.5 -112. Pizza,Piz…
## 3 Mios… 3703 P… Cinc… US OH 39.1 -84.4 Restauran…
## 4 Hung… 30495 … Madi… US MI 42.5 -83.1 Pizza,Car…
## 5 Spar… 3600 E… Balt… US MD 39.3 -76.6 Pizza,Ame…
## 6 Spar… 3600 E… Balt… US MD 39.3 -76.6 Pizza,Ame…
## # … with 2 more variables: price_range_min <dbl>, price_range_max <dbl>
## # A tibble: 6 x 9
## polla_qid answer votes pollq_id question place time total_votes percent
## <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 2 Excel… 0 2 How was… Pizz… 1.34e9 13 0
## 2 2 Good 6 2 How was… Pizz… 1.34e9 13 0.462
## 3 2 Avera… 4 2 How was… Pizz… 1.34e9 13 0.308
## 4 2 Poor 1 2 How was… Pizz… 1.34e9 13 0.0769
## 5 2 Never… 2 2 How was… Pizz… 1.34e9 13 0.154
## 6 3 Excel… 1 3 How was… Maff… 1.35e9 7 0.143
I want to merge the tables so that the places column of the pizza_jared matches up with the name column of the pizza_barstool.
## # A tibble: 6 x 30
## name address1 city zip country latitude longitude price_level
## <chr> <chr> <chr> <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 Will… 265 Uni… Broo… 11211 US 40.7 -74.0 1
## 2 Will… 265 Uni… Broo… 11211 US 40.7 -74.0 1
## 3 Will… 265 Uni… Broo… 11211 US 40.7 -74.0 1
## 4 Will… 265 Uni… Broo… 11211 US 40.7 -74.0 1
## 5 Will… 265 Uni… Broo… 11211 US 40.7 -74.0 1
## 6 Litt… 55 W 45… New … 10036 US 40.8 -74.0 1
## # … with 22 more variables: provider_rating <dbl>,
## # provider_review_count <dbl>, review_stats_all_average_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_all_count <dbl>, review_stats_all_total_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_community_average_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_community_count <dbl>,
## # review_stats_community_total_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_critic_average_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_critic_count <dbl>,
## # review_stats_critic_total_score <dbl>,
## # review_stats_dave_average_score <dbl>, review_stats_dave_count <dbl>,
## # review_stats_dave_total_score <dbl>, polla_qid <dbl>, answer <chr>,
## # votes <dbl>, pollq_id <dbl>, question <chr>, time <dbl>,
## # total_votes <dbl>, percent <dbl>
As I look at it, I’m wondering if the question variable is necessary. If it’s all the same “How was …” then that’s redudant and can be removed. The time and poll_ID I’m not too interested in.
## # A tibble: 22 x 1
## question
## <chr>
## 1 How was Williamsburg Pizza?
## 2 How was Little Italy Pizza?
## 3 How was Steve's Pizza?
## 4 How was Girello?
## 5 How was 5 Boroughs Pizza?
## 6 How was Saluggi's?
## 7 How was Artichoke Basille's Pizza?
## 8 How was Bleecker Street Pizza?
## 9 How was Joe's Pizza?
## 10 How was Champion Pizza?
## # … with 12 more rows
The questions are all the same so I’m just going to remove the variables I’m not interested in.
pizza_clean <- pizza %>%
select(-c(pollq_id, polla_qid, question, time, latitude, longitude, country, zip, address1))
pizza_clean %>%
select(name) %>%
distinct()
## # A tibble: 22 x 1
## name
## <chr>
## 1 Williamsburg Pizza
## 2 Little Italy Pizza
## 3 Steve's Pizza
## 4 Girello
## 5 5 Boroughs Pizza
## 6 Saluggi's
## 7 Artichoke Basille's Pizza
## 8 Bleecker Street Pizza
## 9 Joe's Pizza
## 10 Champion Pizza
## # … with 12 more rows
## Classes 'spec_tbl_df', 'tbl_df', 'tbl' and 'data.frame': 180 obs. of 21 variables:
## $ name : chr "Williamsburg Pizza" "Williamsburg Pizza" "Williamsburg Pizza" "Williamsburg Pizza" ...
## $ city : chr "Brooklyn" "Brooklyn" "Brooklyn" "Brooklyn" ...
## $ price_level : num 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ provider_rating : num 3 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 4 4 ...
## $ provider_review_count : num 281 281 281 281 281 433 433 433 433 433 ...
## $ review_stats_all_average_score : num 7.77 7.77 7.77 7.77 7.77 ...
## $ review_stats_all_count : num 27 27 27 27 27 13 13 13 13 13 ...
## $ review_stats_all_total_score : num 210 210 210 210 210 ...
## $ review_stats_community_average_score: num 7.74 7.74 7.74 7.74 7.74 ...
## $ review_stats_community_count : num 26 26 26 26 26 12 12 12 12 12 ...
## $ review_stats_community_total_score : num 201 201 201 201 201 ...
## $ review_stats_critic_average_score : num 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ review_stats_critic_count : num 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ review_stats_critic_total_score : num 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 ...
## $ review_stats_dave_average_score : num 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 ...
## $ review_stats_dave_count : num 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 ...
## $ review_stats_dave_total_score : num 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 8.6 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 4.2 ...
## $ answer : chr "Excellent" "Good" "Average" "Poor" ...
## $ votes : num 13 19 6 1 0 2 4 5 0 2 ...
## $ total_votes : num 39 39 39 39 39 13 13 13 13 13 ...
## $ percent : num 0.3333 0.4872 0.1538 0.0256 0 ...
There are 22 distinct pizza places that over lap between the two datasets.
I want to get an idea about how the reviews spread out.
## Warning: Ignoring unknown parameters: binwidth, bins, pad
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
## `stat_bin()` using `bins = 30`. Pick better value with `binwidth`.
pizza_clean %>%
ggplot(aes(name, review_stats_all_count)) +
geom_point() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle=60, hjust=1))
It looks like most of the data is from New York. So I’m just going to focus on that city, and remove the rest of the cities. I’m not finding the price level to be very interesting either. So I’m going to remove that as well. The are a couple places that have high review counts. But that’ll be good to just keep in mind.
nyc_pizza <- subset(pizza_clean, city == "New York")
nyc_pizza <- nyc_pizza %>%
select(-c(price_level, review_stats_all_count))
Ok, now I want to actually kind look at the data. So I’m going to see of the restaurants left what their ratings are.
nyc_pizza %>%
ggplot(aes(x = reorder(name, review_stats_all_average_score), y = review_stats_all_average_score)) +
geom_point() +
theme(axis.text.x = element_text(angle=60, hjust=1))
Now I want to see plot the reviews agaisnt each other to see if they match up well.
nyc_pizza %>%
ggplot(aes(review_stats_critic_average_score, review_stats_community_average_score)) +
geom_point()
nyc_pizza %>%
ggplot(aes(review_stats_dave_average_score, review_stats_community_average_score, color = provider_rating, size = (review_stats_community_count + review_stats_dave_count))) +
guides(size = guide_legend(title = "Total Count"),
color = guide_legend(title = "Rating")) +
geom_point() +
xlim(0, 10) +
ylim(0, 10) +
labs(title = "Average Ratings", x = "Dave's Score", y = "Community Score")
Uh. Well I guess the critic reviews don’t really cover the data set that I’m looking at. But there is a bit of overlab for the dave ratings and the community scores. I would fit a line to this to see the deviation between them in the future.


NUDT: Advanced Operating System
Instructor: Shanshan Li
Lecture: ?:00-?:00PM
Schedule (Tentative)
| Week | Day | # | Title | Reading/Section | HW Assigned | Project | Event |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Th 08/22 | 1 | Intro to Advanced-OS [ppt] | A&D Ch1 | HW0: Executable due 9/04 | ||
| 2 | Tu 08/27 | 2 | Introduction to the Process [ppt] | A&D CH2.1-7, 3.1-3 | |||
| W 08/28 | Section 1: Tools | Drop Deadline | |||||
| 3 | Tu 09/03 | 1 | I/O, Files, Sockets, Networking [ppt] | A&A&D 2.10-11, 3.4-6, 11.1-2 |


This page temporarily fills in for the Reptiles page to meet the requirements for the Chapter #12 assignment, which states "In your individual website, revise a function to use jQuery selectors and methods. Identify a function that contains at least three selectors that you can replace with jQuery selectors, and that performs at least one DOM traversal or CSS change that you can replace with a jQuery method. Comment out the code you replace rather than deleting it."
The three selectors in my function that I replaced with jQuery selectors are the IDs demobutton, fadesin, and fadesout. Click the button to see the CSS changes made with jQuery methods, then view the test.js file to see the difference in code required between JavaScript and jQuery for these transitions.


Will you buy the new Motorola Razr?
Are you willing to pay roughly $1,987.34 CAD for Motorola's first smartphone
by Dean DaleyMotorola has finally revealed its impressive-looking new Razr smartphone.
The device folds like a clamshell and features a 6.2-inch 21:9 aspect ratio, 2142 x 876-pixel resolution display. Since the handset folds like a clamshell, it also has a ‘Quick View’ external display measuring at 2.7-inches.
The handset also sports a ‘zero-gap’ hinge, which allows it to sit flush when folded and unfolded. Most importantly, there’s not a crease in the middle of the display either.
Unfortunately, the phone is set to cost $1,499.99 USD (about $1,987.34 CAD).
Are you interested in buying the new foldable Motorola Razr even though it’s costly?
The Razr handset will launch in Canada in early 2020, according to Motorola. Let us know in the comments below if you plan to buy the device and your thoughts in general regarding its design?


:_OneDrive_Documents_Work_Repositories_JB.Toolkit_README
A collection of useful classes, extensions and tools written in C# to aid in a wide variety of development. With components for ASP Net MVC, Winform and Console applications. Integrations for Google, AD and SQL and pre-written implementations / helpers for a variety of tasks... Just Because (see below).
Nuget Package
Install-Package JB.Toolkit
Tools Include, But Not Limited To
- Assembly Helper
- Retrive embedded resources
- Culture helper
- CSV Helper
- Convert CSV to and from DataTable
- Convert CSV to and from object
- Collection of useful extention methods
- Type conversions
- DateTime helpers
- string manipulation
- Html Razor extentions (email attachment)
- Roslyn source code formatter
- Console App Helper
- Database
- Get data table, get scaler, execute non-Query, execute non-query with scoped identity
- Dapper implementations
- Tree view (i.e. jstree) cache storage
- Domain
- AD DB lookup
- Impersonation
- AD Tools
- Email
- Send email
- Easy send error report
- Easy send results table (i.e. from List or DataTable) to email with a nicely formatted HTML table
- SharePoint API CSOM Implementation
- Authenticate with app add-in client & secret key or user credentials
- Upload and download files from a document library
- Copy and move files and folders in a document library
- Retrive file and folder lists from document library
- Encryption
- Typical string encryption
- Simple Connection string encryption
- Fuzzy Logic
- Variety of algorithms (Levenshtein Distance, Ratcliff Obserhelp Simularity, Sorensen Dice Distance etc)
- Test approximately equal
- Check best match in collection
- Google APIs
- GeoCoding
- GeoVision (i.e. reading text from image)
- Imaging
- Image type converter
- Image manipulation
- Icon helper
- Get icon from file type (many embedded images)
- Web image helper (mime type helepr, base64 image, get image bytes from URL etc)
- Mime type descriptor from image byte array using magic number detection
- Colour helper
- OCR
- Interprocess Communication
- Memory Mapped file
- Message queues
- Named pipes
- Net remoting
- Sockets
- Wcf
- Wmp Copy data
- JQuery DataTable Models / Views
- HTMML DataTable
- Ajax DataTable
- Feed DataTable
- Editor
- MVC Jquery DataTable views
- Logger
- DB logger
- File logger
- Windows event logger
- Microsoft Windows Helper
- File and directory helpers
- Transversively (recursively) get paths (orders them differently)
- Get Windows special folder paths (Music, Videos, Documents, Pictures etc)
- Fast directory enumerator
- Process helper
- Service helper
- Remote start, stop, restart, aggressively restart
- UAT helper
- PDF Tools
- Converter
- Convert from DocX
- Convert from HTML
- Convert from PDF
- Convert to PDF
- PDF merger
- PDF text parser
- Regular Expressions
- Common regular expression lists
- Try convert any string format of a date to DateTime
- Match all dates in a string
- Stream Helper
- Safe Stream
- Read file without loc
- Throttle Stream (with percent complete and bytes per second event)
- Web
- Access logger
- Authentication - Access token generator
- HTTP Helper
- IP Helper
- Json Helper
- Memory File (i.e. For download file or creating an email attachment)
- WinForms
- Collection of custom controls
- Optimised Metro Form
- Taskbar icon helper
- Imaging tools
- XML Doc (Word, Excel, PowerPoint, PDF) Tools
- Converter
- HTML / MS Office / Image to PDF
- PDF to MS Office / HTML / Image
- Bulk convert MS Office to PDF
- MS Office / PDF / Image (OCR) to text file (.txt)
- Mail merge
- Find and replace
- Image extractor
- Zip
- Compress / create archive
- Extract archive
- Extract other compression archive filetypes, i.e. .rar, .7z, .tar.gz etc


|
Here is what a switch statement looks like:
switch ( integerExpression )
{
case label1 :
statementList1
break;
case label2 :
statementList2
break;
case label3 :
statementList3
break;
. . . other cases like the above
default:
defaultStatementList
}
|
Here is how it works:
- Only one case will be selected per execution of the
switch statement.
- The value of
integerExpression determines which case is selected.
integerExpression must evaluate to an integer type
(including char ).
- Each
label must be an integer literal (like 0, 23, or 'A'), but not
an expression or variable.
- There can be any number of statements in a
statementList .
- The
statementList is usually followed with break;
- Each time the
switch statement is executed, the following happens:
- The
integerExpression is evaluated.
- The
label s after each case are inspected one by one,
starting with the first.
- The first label that matches has its
statementList execute.
- The statements execute until the
break statement is encountered.
- Now the entire
switch statement is complete.
- If no case label matches the value of
integerExpression , then
the default case is picked, and its statements execute.
|


module Feature:sig
..end
Extending CIL with external features
type
t = {
|
mutable fd_enabled : |
(* | The enable flag. Set to default value | *) |
|
fd_name : |
(* | This is used to construct an option "--doxxx" and "--dontxxx" that enable and disable the feature | *) |
|
fd_description : |
(* | A longer name that can be used to document the new options | *) |
|
fd_extraopt : |
(* | Additional command line options. The description strings should usually start with a space for Arg.align to print the --help nicely. | *) |
|
fd_doit : |
(* | This performs the transformation | *) |
|
fd_post_check : |
(* | Whether to perform a CIL consistency checking after this stage, if checking is enabled (--check is passed to cilly). Set this to true if your feature makes any changes for the program. | *) |
Description of a CIL feature.
val register : t -> unit
Register a feature to be used by CIL. Feature name must be unique.
val list_registered : unit -> t list
List registered features.
val registered : string -> bool
Check if a given feature is registered.
val find : string -> t
Find a feature by name. Raise Not_found if the feature is not registered.
val enable : string -> unit
Enable a given feature, by name. Raise Errormsg.Error
if the feature is not
registered.
val enabled : string -> bool
Check if a given feature is enabled. Return false if the feature is not registered.


Depending on the behavior set in Preferences, you may have to use the Save As… menu item in the File menu to save your file. If you save a file and see the message below:
Or this message, below:
…then you can be sure that Balthisar Tidy is set to ensure against any possible data loss as a result of its work.
Data loss is very unlikely, but as Tidy is very, very strict it’s possible that it will remove content that it thinks is garbage. For this reason it’s always important to review the Tidy Messages table.


{% load i18n %}
{% csrf_token %}
{% for error in form.non_field_errors %}
{{ error }}
{% endfor %}
{% if not nodc %}{% include "gui/dc/dc_form_field.html" with prefix="_adm" %}{% endif %}
{% include "gui/form_field_checkbox.html" with field=form.dc_bound %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.name %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.alias %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.owner %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.access %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.ip_network %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.gateway %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.vlan_id %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.nic_tag %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.vxlan_id %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.desc %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.resolvers %}
{# {% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.dns_domain %} #}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.ptr_domain %}
{% include "gui/form_field.html" with field=form.mtu %}
{% include "gui/form_field_checkbox.html" with field=form.dhcp_passthrough %}


{{Refimprove|date=September 2014}} {{Infobox prepared food | name = Acini di pepe | image = | caption = | alternate_name = Pastina | country = Italy | region = | creator = | course = | type = Pasta | served = | main_ingredient = | variations = | calories = | other = }}
Acini di pepe {{IPA-it|ˈaːtʃini di ˈpeːpe|}} are a form of pasta. Their name is Italian for "grains of pepper".
Acini di pepe work well in soups or cold salads. They are also sometimes referred to as pastina (Italian for "tiny dough"); however, some pasta makers distinguish pastina as smaller than acini di pepe. Acini di pepe are often used in Italian wedding soup.
In Middle Eastern Cuisine, it's called Maftool or Maftoul, a wheat-based dish that is served like couscous or shaped into little balls and steamed over stew or soup.<ref>Food culture of the World Encyclopedia , vol. 1, Ken Albala</ref> Maftool, like most couscous dishes, are served with chicken.
Frog's eye salad is an American cold salad that combines the pasta with whipped topping, marshmallows, pineapple and mandarin oranges.
{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
{{Pasta}}
{{ingredient-stub}}


{% extends 'base.html'%} {% import 'bootstrap/wtf.html' as wtf%} {% import 'macros.html' as macro%} {% block content %}
2 fried eggs and bacon served with tea with whole milk
Total: $ 2.00
Scotched eggs,french toast and sausages served with coffee with whole milk
Total: $ 3.00
Two sausages,bacon and toast served with hot choclate with whole milk
Total: $ 5.00
wet fried fish served with ugali
Total: $ 15.00
grilled chops served with a side plate
Total: $ 12.00
Chicken Drumsticks served with plain rice
Total: $ 22.00
french fries served with two sausages and barley
Total: $ 10.00
Wet fried pork with thick paste served with ugali
Game meat served with local desert
Total: $ 13.00


| libnice Reference Manual | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Top | Description |
#include <stun/stunmessage.h> struct StunMessage; enum StunClass; enum StunMethod; enum StunAttribute; typedef StunTransactionId; enum StunError; enum StunMessageReturn; #define STUN_MESSAGE_BUFFER_INCOMPLETE #define STUN_MESSAGE_BUFFER_INVALID bool stun_message_init (StunMessage *msg
,StunClass c
,StunMethod m
,const StunTransactionId id
); uint16_t stun_message_length (const StunMessage *msg
); const void * stun_message_find (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint16_t *palen
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_flag (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_find32 (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint32_t *pval
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_find64 (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint64_t *pval
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_string (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,char *buf
,size_t buflen
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_addr (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t *addrlen
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_xor_addr (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t *addrlen
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_xor_addr_full (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t *addrlen
,uint32_t magic_cookie
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_error (const StunMessage *msg
,int *code
); void * stun_message_append (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,size_t length
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_bytes (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const void *data
,size_t len
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_flag (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append32 (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint32_t value
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append64 (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint64_t value
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_string (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const char *str
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_addr (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t addrlen
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_xor_addr (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t addrlen
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_xor_addr_full (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t addrlen
,uint32_t magic_cookie
); StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_error (StunMessage *msg
,StunError code
); int stun_message_validate_buffer_length (const uint8_t *msg
,size_t length
,bool has_padding
); void stun_message_id (const StunMessage *msg
,StunTransactionId id
); StunClass stun_message_get_class (const StunMessage *msg
); StunMethod stun_message_get_method (const StunMessage *msg
); bool stun_message_has_attribute (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
); bool stun_message_has_cookie (const StunMessage *msg
); bool stun_optional (uint16_t t
); const char * stun_strerror (StunError code
);
The STUN Messages API allows you to create STUN messages easily as well as to parse existing messages.
struct StunMessage { StunAgent *agent; uint8_t *buffer; size_t buffer_len; uint8_t *key; size_t key_len; uint8_t long_term_key[16]; bool long_term_valid; };
This structure represents a STUN message
StunAgent * |
The agent that created or validated this message |
| The buffer containing the STUN message | |
| The length of the buffer (not the size of the message) | |
| The short term credentials key to use for authentication validation or that was used to finalize this message | |
| The length of the associated key | |
| The long term credential key to use for authentication validation or that was used to finalize this message | |
| Whether or not the long_term_key variable contains valid data |
typedef enum { STUN_REQUEST=0, STUN_INDICATION=1, STUN_RESPONSE=2, STUN_ERROR=3 } StunClass;
This enum is used to represent the class of a STUN message, as defined in RFC5389
typedef enum { STUN_BINDING=0x001, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_SHARED_SECRET=0x002, /* old RFC3489 */ STUN_ALLOCATE=0x003, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_SET_ACTIVE_DST=0x004, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_REFRESH=0x004, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_SEND=0x004, /* TURN-00 */ STUN_CONNECT=0x005, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_OLD_SET_ACTIVE_DST=0x006, /* TURN-00 */ STUN_IND_SEND=0x006, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_IND_DATA=0x007, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_IND_CONNECT_STATUS=0x008, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_CREATEPERMISSION= 0x008, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_CHANNELBIND= 0x009 /* TURN-12 */ } StunMethod;
This enum is used to represent the method of a STUN message, as defined by various RFCs
| The Binding method as defined by the RFC5389 | |
| The Shared-Secret method as defined by the RFC3489 | |
| The Allocate method as defined by the TURN draft 12 | |
| The Set-Active-Destination method as defined by the TURN draft 4 | |
| The Refresh method as defined by the TURN draft 12 | |
| The Send method as defined by the TURN draft 00 | |
| The Connect method as defined by the TURN draft 4 | |
| The older Set-Active-Destination method as defined by the TURN draft 0 | |
| The Send method used in indication messages as defined by the TURN draft 12 | |
| The Data method used in indication messages as defined by the TURN draft 12 | |
| The Connect-Status method used in indication messages as defined by the TURN draft 4 | |
| The CreatePermission method as defined by the TURN draft 12 | |
| The ChannelBind method as defined by the TURN draft 12 |
typedef enum { /* Mandatory attributes */ /* 0x0000 */ /* reserved */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_MAPPED_ADDRESS=0x0001, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_RESPONSE_ADDRESS=0x0002, /* old RFC3489 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_CHANGE_REQUEST=0x0003, /* old RFC3489 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_SOURCE_ADDRESS=0x0004, /* old RFC3489 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_CHANGED_ADDRESS=0x0005, /* old RFC3489 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_USERNAME=0x0006, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_PASSWORD=0x0007, /* old RFC3489 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_MESSAGE_INTEGRITY=0x0008, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_ERROR_CODE=0x0009, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTES=0x000A, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_REFLECTED_FROM=0x000B, /* old RFC3489 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_CHANNEL_NUMBER=0x000C, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_LIFETIME=0x000D, /* TURN-12 */ /* MS_ALTERNATE_SERVER is only used by Microsoft's dialect, probably should * not to be placed in STUN_ALL_KNOWN_ATTRIBUTES */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_MS_ALTERNATE_SERVER=0x000E, /* MS-TURN */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_MAGIC_COOKIE=0x000F, /* midcom-TURN 08 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_BANDWIDTH=0x0010, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_DESTINATION_ADDRESS=0x0011, /* midcom-TURN 08 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_REMOTE_ADDRESS=0x0012, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_PEER_ADDRESS=0x0012, /* TURN-09 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_XOR_PEER_ADDRESS=0x0012, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_DATA=0x0013, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_REALM=0x0014, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_NONCE=0x0015, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_RELAY_ADDRESS=0x0016, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_RELAYED_ADDRESS=0x0016, /* TURN-09 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_XOR_RELAYED_ADDRESS=0x0016, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_REQUESTED_ADDRESS_TYPE=0x0017, /* TURN-IPv6-05 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_REQUESTED_PORT_PROPS=0x0018, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_REQUESTED_PROPS=0x0018, /* TURN-09 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_EVEN_PORT=0x0018, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_REQUESTED_TRANSPORT=0x0019, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_DONT_FRAGMENT=0x001A, /* TURN-12 */ /* 0x001B */ /* reserved */ /* 0x001C */ /* reserved */ /* 0x001D */ /* reserved */ /* 0x001E */ /* reserved */ /* 0x001F */ /* reserved */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_XOR_MAPPED_ADDRESS=0x0020, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_TIMER_VAL=0x0021, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_REQUESTED_IP=0x0022, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_RESERVATION_TOKEN=0x0022, /* TURN-09 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_CONNECT_STAT=0x0023, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_PRIORITY=0x0024, /* ICE-19 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_USE_CANDIDATE=0x0025, /* ICE-19 */ /* 0x0026 */ /* reserved */ /* 0x0027 */ /* reserved */ /* 0x0028 */ /* reserved */ /* 0x0029 */ /* reserved */ /* 0x002A-0x7fff */ /* reserved */ /* Optional attributes */ /* 0x8000-0x8021 */ /* reserved */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_OPTIONS=0x8001, /* libjingle */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_MS_VERSION=0x8008, /* MS-TURN */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_SOFTWARE=0x8022, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_ALTERNATE_SERVER=0x8023, /* RFC5389 */ /* 0x8024 */ /* reserved */ /* 0x8025 */ /* reserved */ /* 0x8026 */ /* reserved */ /* 0x8027 */ /* reserved */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_FINGERPRINT=0x8028, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_ICE_CONTROLLED=0x8029, /* ICE-19 */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_ICE_CONTROLLING=0x802A, /* ICE-19 */ /* 0x802B-0x804F */ /* reserved */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_MS_SEQUENCE_NUMBER=0x8050, /* MS-TURN */ /* 0x8051-0x8053 */ /* reserved */ STUN_ATTRIBUTE_CANDIDATE_IDENTIFIER=0x8054 /* MS-ICE2 */ /* 0x8055-0xFFFF */ /* reserved */ } StunAttribute;
Known STUN attribute types as defined by various RFCs and drafts
| The MAPPED-ADDRESS attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The RESPONSE-ADDRESS attribute as defined by RFC3489 | |
| The CHANGE-REQUEST attribute as defined by RFC3489 | |
| The SOURCE-ADDRESS attribute as defined by RFC3489 | |
| The CHANGED-ADDRESS attribute as defined by RFC3489 | |
| The USERNAME attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The PASSWORD attribute as defined by RFC3489 | |
| The MESSAGE-INTEGRITY attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The ERROR-CODE attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The UNKNOWN-ATTRIBUTES attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The REFLECTED-FROM attribute as defined by RFC3489 | |
| The CHANNEL-NUMBER attribute as defined by TURN draft 09 and 12 | |
| The LIFETIME attribute as defined by TURN draft 04, 09 and 12 | |
| The MAGIC-COOKIE attribute as defined by the rosenberg-midcom TURN draft 08 | |
| The BANDWIDTH attribute as defined by TURN draft 04 | |
| The DESTINATION-ADDRESS attribute as defined by the rosenberg-midcom TURN draft 08 | |
| The REMOTE-ADDRESS attribute as defined by TURN draft 04 | |
| The PEER-ADDRESS attribute as defined by TURN draft 09 | |
| The XOR-PEER-ADDRESS attribute as defined by TURN draft 12 | |
| The DATA attribute as defined by TURN draft 04, 09 and 12 | |
| The REALM attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The NONCE attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The RELAY-ADDRESS attribute as defined by TURN draft 04 | |
| The RELAYED-ADDRESS attribute as defined by TURN draft 09 | |
| The XOR-RELAYED-ADDRESS attribute as defined by TURN draft 12 | |
| The REQUESTED-ADDRESS-TYPE attribute as defined by TURN-IPV6 draft 05 | |
| The REQUESTED-PORT-PROPS attribute as defined by TURN draft 04 | |
| The REQUESTED-PROPS attribute as defined by TURN draft 09 | |
| The EVEN-PORT attribute as defined by TURN draft 12 | |
| The REQUESTED-TRANSPORT attribute as defined by TURN draft 12 | |
| The DONT-FRAGMENT attribute as defined by TURN draft 12 | |
| The XOR-MAPPED-ADDRESS attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The TIMER-VAL attribute as defined by TURN draft 04 | |
| The REQUESTED-IP attribute as defined by TURN draft 04 | |
| The RESERVATION-TOKEN attribute as defined by TURN draft 09 and 12 | |
| The CONNECT-STAT attribute as defined by TURN draft 04 | |
| The PRIORITY attribute as defined by ICE draft 19 | |
| The USE-CANDIDATE attribute as defined by ICE draft 19 | |
| The OPTIONS optional attribute as defined by libjingle | |
| The MS-VERSION optional attribute as defined by [MS-TURN] | |
| The SOFTWARE optional attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The ALTERNATE-SERVER optional attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The FINGERPRINT optional attribute as defined by RFC5389 | |
| The ICE-CONTROLLED optional attribute as defined by ICE draft 19 | |
| The ICE-CONTROLLING optional attribute as defined by ICE draft 19 | |
| The MS-SEQUENCE NUMBER optional attribute as defined by [MS-TURN] | |
| The CANDIDATE-IDENTIFIER optional attribute as defined by [MS-ICE2] |
typedef uint8_t StunTransactionId[STUN_MESSAGE_TRANS_ID_LEN];
A type that holds a STUN transaction id.
typedef enum { STUN_ERROR_TRY_ALTERNATE=300, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ERROR_BAD_REQUEST=400, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ERROR_UNAUTHORIZED=401, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ERROR_UNKNOWN_ATTRIBUTE=420, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ERROR_ALLOCATION_MISMATCH=437, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ERROR_STALE_NONCE=438, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ERROR_ACT_DST_ALREADY=439, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_FAMILY=440, /* TURN-IPv6-05 */ STUN_ERROR_WRONG_CREDENTIALS=441, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ERROR_UNSUPPORTED_TRANSPORT=442, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ERROR_INVALID_IP=443, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ERROR_INVALID_PORT=444, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ERROR_OP_TCP_ONLY=445, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ERROR_CONN_ALREADY=446, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ERROR_ALLOCATION_QUOTA_REACHED=486, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ERROR_ROLE_CONFLICT=487, /* ICE-19 */ STUN_ERROR_SERVER_ERROR=500, /* RFC5389 */ STUN_ERROR_SERVER_CAPACITY=507, /* TURN-04 */ STUN_ERROR_INSUFFICIENT_CAPACITY=508, /* TURN-12 */ STUN_ERROR_MAX=699 } StunError;
STUN error codes as defined by various RFCs and drafts
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Try Alternate" error as defined in RFC5389 | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Bad Request" error as defined in RFC5389 | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Unauthorized" error as defined in RFC5389 | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Unknown Attribute" error as defined in RFC5389 | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Allocation Mismatch" error as defined in TURN draft 12. Equivalent to the "No Binding" error defined in TURN draft 04. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Stale Nonce" error as defined in RFC5389 | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Active Destination Already Set" error as defined in TURN draft 04. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Address Family not Supported" error as defined in TURN IPV6 Draft 05. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Wrong Credentials" error as defined in TURN Draft 12. | |
| he ERROR-CODE value for the "Unsupported Transport Protocol" error as defined in TURN Draft 12. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Invalid IP Address" error as defined in TURN draft 04. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Invalid Port" error as defined in TURN draft 04. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Operation for TCP Only" error as defined in TURN draft 04. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Connection Already Exists" error as defined in TURN draft 04. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Allocation Quota Reached" error as defined in TURN draft 12. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Role Conflict" error as defined in ICE draft 19. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Server Error" error as defined in RFC5389 | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Insufficient Capacity" error as defined in TURN draft 04. | |
| The ERROR-CODE value for the "Insufficient Capacity" error as defined in TURN draft 12. | |
| The maximum possible ERROR-CODE value as defined by RFC 5389. |
typedef enum { STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_SUCCESS, STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_NOT_FOUND, STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID, STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_NOT_ENOUGH_SPACE, STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_UNSUPPORTED_ADDRESS } StunMessageReturn;
The return value of most stun_message_* functions. This enum will report on whether an operation was successful or not and what error occured if any.
| The operation was successful | |
| The attribute was not found | |
| The argument or data is invalid | |
| There is not enough space in the message to append data to it, or not enough in an argument to fill it with the data requested. | |
| The address in the arguments or in the STUN message is not supported. |
#define STUN_MESSAGE_BUFFER_INCOMPLETE 0
Convenience macro for stun_message_validate_buffer_length()
meaning that the
data to validate does not hold a complete STUN message
#define STUN_MESSAGE_BUFFER_INVALID -1
Convenience macro for stun_message_validate_buffer_length()
meaning that the
data to validate is not a valid STUN message
bool stun_message_init (StunMessage *msg
,StunClass c
,StunMethod m
,const StunTransactionId id
);
Initializes a STUN message buffer, with no attributes.
|
The StunMessage to initialize |
|
STUN message class (host byte order) |
|
STUN message method (host byte order) |
|
16-bytes transaction ID |
Returns : |
TRUE if the initialization was successful |
uint16_t stun_message_length (const StunMessage *msg
);
Get the length of the message (including the header)
|
The StunMessage |
Returns : |
The length of the message |
const void * stun_message_find (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint16_t *palen
);
Finds an attribute in a STUN message and fetches its content
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to find |
|
A pointer to store the length of the attribute |
Returns : |
A pointer to the start of the attribute payload if found, otherwise NULL. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_flag (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
);
Looks for a flag attribute within a valid STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to find |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the attribute's size is not zero. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_find32 (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint32_t *pval
);
Extracts a 32-bits attribute from a STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to find |
|
A pointer where to store the value (host byte order) |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the attribute's size is not
4 bytes. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_find64 (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint64_t *pval
);
Extracts a 64-bits attribute from a STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to find |
|
A pointer where to store the value (host byte order) |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the attribute's size is not
8 bytes. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_string (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,char *buf
,size_t buflen
);
Extracts an UTF-8 string from a valid STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to find |
|
A pointer where to store the data |
|
The length of the buffer |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the attribute is improperly
encoded
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_NOT_ENOUGH_SPACE is return if the buffer size is too
small to hold the string
NoteThe string will be NULL-terminated. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_addr (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t *addrlen
);
Extracts a network address attribute from a STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to find |
|
The sockaddr to be filled |
|
The size of the addr variable. Must be set to the size of the
addr socket address and will be set to the size of the extracted socket
address. |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the attribute payload size is
wrong or if the addrlen is too small
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_UNSUPPORTED_ADDRESS if the address family is unknown. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_xor_addr (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t *addrlen
);
Extracts an obfuscated network address attribute from a STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to find |
|
The sockaddr to be filled |
|
The size of the addr variable. Must be set to the size of the
addr socket address and will be set to the size of the
extracted socket address. |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the attribute payload size is
wrong or if the addrlen is too small
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_UNSUPPORTED_ADDRESS if the address family is unknown. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_xor_addr_full (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t *addrlen
,uint32_t magic_cookie
);
Extracts an obfuscated network address attribute from a STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to find |
|
The sockaddr to be filled |
|
The size of the addr variable. Must be set to the size of the
addr socket address and will be set to the size of the
extracted socket address. |
|
The magic cookie to use to XOR the address. |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the attribute payload size is
wrong or if the addrlen is too small
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_UNSUPPORTED_ADDRESS if the address family is unknown. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_find_error (const StunMessage *msg
,int *code
);
Extract the error response code from a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
A pointer where to store the value |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the value is invalid |
void * stun_message_append (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,size_t length
);
Reserves room for appending an attribute to an unfinished STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
|
The length of the attribute |
Returns : |
A pointer to an unitialized buffer of length bytes to
where the attribute payload must be written, or NULL if there is not
enough room in the STUN message buffer. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_bytes (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const void *data
,size_t len
);
Appends a binary value to a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
|
The data to append |
|
The length of the attribute |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_flag (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
);
Appends an empty flag attribute to a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append32 (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint32_t value
);
Appends a 32-bits value attribute to a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
|
The value to append (host byte order) |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append64 (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,uint64_t value
);
Appends a 64-bits value attribute to a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
|
The value to append (host byte order) |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_string (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const char *str
);
Adds an attribute from a NULL-terminated string to a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
|
The string to append |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_addr (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t addrlen
);
Append a network address attribute to a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
|
The sockaddr to be append |
|
The size of the addr variable. |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the addrlen is too small
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_UNSUPPORTED_ADDRESS if the address family is unknown. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_xor_addr (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t addrlen
);
Append an obfuscated network address attribute to a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
|
The sockaddr to be append |
|
The size of the addr variable. |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the addrlen is too small
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_UNSUPPORTED_ADDRESS if the address family is unknown. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_xor_addr_full (StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
,const struct sockaddr *addr
,socklen_t addrlen
,uint32_t magic_cookie
);
Append an obfuscated network address attribute from a STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to append |
|
The sockaddr to be append |
|
The size of the addr variable. |
|
The magic cookie to use to XOR the address. |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value.
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_INVALID is returned if the addrlen is too small
STUN_MESSAGE_RETURN_UNSUPPORTED_ADDRESS if the address family is unknown. |
StunMessageReturn stun_message_append_error (StunMessage *msg
,StunError code
);
Appends the ERROR-CODE attribute to the STUN message and fills it according to code
|
The StunMessage |
|
The error code value |
Returns : |
A StunMessageReturn value. |
int stun_message_validate_buffer_length (const uint8_t *msg
,size_t length
,bool has_padding
);
This function will take a data buffer and will try to validate whether it is a STUN message or if it's not or if it's an incomplete STUN message and will provide us with the length of the STUN message.
|
The buffer to validate |
|
The length of the buffer |
|
Set TRUE if attributes should be padded to multiple of 4 bytes |
Returns : |
The length of the valid STUN message in the buffer.
See also: STUN_MESSAGE_BUFFER_INCOMPLETE See also: STUN_MESSAGE_BUFFER_INVALID |
void stun_message_id (const StunMessage *msg
,StunTransactionId id
);
Retreive the STUN transaction id from a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunTransactionId to fill |
StunClass stun_message_get_class (const StunMessage *msg
);
Retreive the STUN class from a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
Returns : |
The StunClass |
StunMethod stun_message_get_method (const StunMessage *msg
);
Retreive the STUN method from a STUN message
|
The StunMessage |
Returns : |
The StunMethod |
bool stun_message_has_attribute (const StunMessage *msg
,StunAttribute type
);
Checks if an attribute is present within a STUN message.
|
The StunMessage |
|
The StunAttribute to look for |
Returns : |
TRUE if the attribute is found, FALSE otherwise |
bool stun_message_has_cookie (const StunMessage *msg
);
Checks if the STUN message has a RFC5389 compatible cookie
|
The StunMessage |
Returns : |
TRUE if the cookie is present, FALSE otherwise |
bool stun_optional (uint16_t t
);
Helper function that checks whether a STUN attribute is a mandatory or an optional attribute
|
An attribute type |
Returns : |
TRUE if the attribute is an optional one |
const char * stun_strerror (StunError code
);
Transforms a STUN error-code into a human readable string
|
host-byte order error code |
Returns : |
A static pointer to a NULL-terminated error message string. |