Welcome to the third part of the series, in this post I’ll tell you about the set and multiSet structure and continue our journey on data structure and algorithm. 👩💻👨💻 However, I recommend reading the hashtable post if you are not familiar with data structures.
Because, unlike the last post when we landed on a strange terrain, here we will be a place where we should already have seen it before. The focus of this post is to learn what a set is with examples of how it works, code implementation using javascript and, of course, answer any questions about it. This data structure is not difficult to learn at first, but it can be a bit complicated.
Let’s continuing our journey! 🌏 🚀
💭 “Those hours of practice, and failure, are a necessary part of the learning process.”- Gina Sipley
Outline
The article is divided into the following parts:
- Understanding what is Set and MultiSet.
- Code implementation and complexity analysis.
◼ Set
What is it
As you can imagine you already have some basic understanding about what is the sets structure. Basically is a collection of unique elements that can be objects, numbers, strings, Pokémon’s … In other words, anything! 😁
We can also find in many language that support the set such as Java, C, Python, .NET Framework and so on. For instance, the ECMAScript 6 or ES2015 introduced the Set data structure to the JavaScript language. We can initialized by calling:
const s = new Set()
Despite the fact that we can use this implementation, we will avoid and build our own because the goal here is to learn how this structure works behind the scenes.
With that in mind, what we need to create our structure is use an array and add some element. We can also use the list structure, but it is an inefficient and simple implementation where operations such as inserting or deleting do not perform well. Having been said that, there are better approaches to implemented using more efficient data structures such as trees, tries, or hash tables, however, in this post we will use the array and the hash table that we already have seen in this series.
Great! We already have a basic understanding of how we can build the structure of the set, now let’s discuss some properties. Every value you insert have to appear only once because this structure does not allow repeated values, see the example below:
A = [1,2,3,4,5,6] // Allowed
B = [1,2,1,2,1,2] // Not Allowed
Moreover, other important factor about this structure is related by the fact that we do not need to order the elements, for instance:
C = [1, 2, 3]
D = [3, 2, 1]
// The Set C is the same as set D.
We can say that this structure is an implementation of the mathematical concept of a finite set using the operations of the algebra of sets. Okay, let’s put everything that we had learned into our code. But first things first, we will be creating the skeleton off our set class and, as you can notice we have two functions created.
class SetStructure {
constructor() {
this.listValues = [];
this.capacity = 0;
}
insert(value){
if(this.listValues.indexOf(value)) {
this.listValues.push(value);
this.capacity++;
}
}
remove(value){
var index = this.listValues.indexOf(value);
if(index >= 0) {
if(this.capacity > 1){
this.listValues.splice(index, 1);
}
this.capacity--;
}
}
}
But, wait a second! ✋ Before insert some values we must make sure if the value that we intend insert is not in our array. In the insert() function use the indexOf() propriety to verify if has any occurrence of a specified value in our structure. This method returns the position of element, however, if the array does not contain the data, the value -1 will be returned. We can use a similar logic in remove() function.
As mentioned earlier, this structure is based on the mathematical concepts of sets; therefore, we can use its properties in our code to define some operations using set algebra, such as union and intersection. Let’s have a brief discussion of the core set theoretical operations, so take a look below:
- Union
As the name suggest this operation will join two sets resulting in a new set structure that combine all members of either A or B set. We can use the math definition to define this operation:
Let’s put in an example:
{1, 2} ∪ {1, 2} = {1, 2}.
{1, 2, 3} ∪ {3, 4, 5} = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}
To give an illustration of how the union operation is, take a look at the following image:
Figure 1: The union of A and B
Now that we already have a clearly understanding, lets see how it works in our code.
union(set) {
var newSet = new SetStructure();
set.listValues.forEach(function(value) {
newSet.insert(value);
});
this.listValues.forEach(function(value) {
newSet.insert(value);
});
return newSet;
};
- Intersect
In this operation a new set is created using all elements that the both sets have in common, that can be denoted by A ∩ B. In case of A ∩ B = ∅, then A and B are considered disjoint. The math concept about the intersect is defined as the following:
Figure 2: The intersection of A and B
And we can write the function that receives a set as parameter like this:
intersect(set) {
var newSet = new SetStructure();
this.listValues.forEach(function(value) {
if(set.contains(value)) {
newSet.insert(value);
}
});
return newSet;
};
- Difference
The difference operation, or complement if you prefer, is the difference between the set A and B. But what does it mean? 🧐 In other words, is the result of the values that contains in only one set and can be denoted by the following definition:
Figure 3: The difference of A and B
Similar to union and intersect functions, we can iterate the list to get the difference between the sets:
difference(set) {
var newSet = new SetStructure();
this.listValues.forEach(function(value) {
if(!set.contains(value)) {
newSet.insert(value);
}
});
return newSet;
}
- Symmetric Difference
Another operation that we can create is the symmetric difference, also know as disjunctive union, which is the set where the elements not below in their intersection.
Figure 4: The symmetric difference of A and B
symmetricDifference(set) {
var newSet = new SetStructure();
this.listValues.forEach(function(value) {
if(!set.contains(value)) {
newSet.insert(value);
}
});
var setDifference = this;
set.listValues.forEach(function(value) {
if(!setDifference.contains(value)) {
newSet.insert(value);
}
});
return newSet;
}
⚡ If you would like to know others functions that I implemented such as removeAll, getAllSubsets, contains, and others, you can access all the code just clicking here.
- Subset
The next operation define if every value of set A belongs to the set B and vice-versa. If they contain each other can denoted as A ⊆ B, which can be write as A is contained in B, is equivalent to A = B.
isSubset(set) {
return set.listValues.every(value => this.listValues.includes(value));
}
- Proper Subset
It is quite similar to subset operation, but two sets can be considered as proper subset if one set is not equal to another but has at least one element.
isProperSubset(set){
return set.listValues.some(value => this.listValues.includes(value));
}
The set is mutable, however, we can create immutable frozenset objects initialized with elements of the given iterable. Which is a set that does not change after being build. In Python, we can use the frozenset () function to create this structure.
list = (1, 6, 7, 4, 9, 6, 2, 3, 5)
frozenSet = frozenset(list)
Very cool and easy to understand, right? 😁
◼ MultiSet
The Multiset structure or Bag is quite similar to set structure that we have learned before, but the difference is due to the fact that unlike the set structure allows more than one instance of the element in the structure.
An amazing thing that about programming it that there are many ways to develop the Multiset, we can continue using an array to store the values, or tuples if you are developing in Python.
This structure has the following properties:
- items: List of element that contains the data and key.
- multiplicity: Property which is a positive integer that gives how many elements has in the Multiset.
- cardinality: Summing the multiplicities of all its elements.
Since multiset is a type of set generalization, there are several ways to apply it to problem solving, Fuzzy multisets and Rough multisets, are some examples.
Now that we already know what Multiset is, let’s create the main operations, which are: insert and remove.
insert(key, cardinality = 1){
try{
if(key == null || cardinality == null){
throw new Error('Is not possible to insert a null value');
}
var flag = true;
var listKeys = Object.keys(this.items);
listKeys.forEach(item => {
if(item == key){
this.items[key] = this.items[key] + cardinality;
flag = false;
this.cardinality = cardinality;
}
});
if(flag){
this.items[key] = cardinality;
this.cardinality = cardinality;
}
}
catch (error) {
return error.message;
}
}
remove(chave, cardinality){
if(this.items[chave]){
var value = this.items[chave];
if(cardinality > value){
this.items[chave] = 0;
}else{
this.items[chave] = value - cardinality;
}
}
}
We can use the hash table in our Multiset structure, that is to say, the time complexity is always a constant O(1) to add or search an element. As you can imagine this structure has the same functions as the set, however, there are some differences that we are going to learn together. 🤓
The algebra operations such as union, sum, intersect and difference have similar logic applies as the previous methods described before, so I’ll skip the code explanation of them to not waste our time and only discuss about the difference.
- Union
The main difference in the union of two multiset is that each element has the number of instances equal to the maximum of the multiplicity in A and B.
{1, 2, 2} ∪ {2, 2, 3} = {1, 2, 2, 3}.
- Sum
In this operation the intersection of two multisets is equal to the sum of the multiplicity of an element in A and B.
{1, 2, 2} + {2, 2, 3} = {1, 2, 2, 2, 2, 3}
- Intersect
The intersection of two multisets is equal to the minimum of the multiplicity of an element in A and B.
{1, 2, 2} + {2, 2, 3} = {2, 2}
- Difference
The difference of two multisets is equal to the multiplicity of the element in A minus the multiplicity of the element in B.
{1, 2, 2} + {2, 2, 3} = {3}
{2, 2, 3} − {1, 2, 2} = {1}
◼ Conclusion
In conclusion, the most important factor that make the set structure special and unique comparing with the others is that use the core set-theoretical operations defined by the algebra of sets, which allows the use of properties and laws of sets using operation such as union and intersection. In this post we have a brief discussion about this operations.
We have learned that sets can be implemented using various data structures but the most common approach is using array or hash table. Even though the set structure looks like a simple structure there are many languages now include it can be applied in diverse scenarios and different generalizations, such as Fuzzy multisets, rough multisets and in relational databases.
That’s all folks! I hope you have fun learning the set structure 😁
Code: https://github.com/FernandoBLima/data-structures
| < previous | next ( coming soon) > |
So we finished our discussion about Set and Multiset data structure. 🙌
I hope you have a clear idea how to work. If you found this article helpful or if you find something I miss out or that you like it, feel free to let me know. 😁


Evolution of the AV1 codec between October 2016, July 2017 and February 2018
Lossless compression ratio and Weissman score:
| codec |
avg. compression ratio |
avg. space saving |
wavg. encode time |
wavg. decode time |
Weissman score |
| daala |
2.798 |
64.26% |
1.4952 |
1.2960 |
3.2145 |
| av1-20160930 |
2.912 |
65.66% |
31.1063 |
1.6304 |
2.3640 |
| av1-20170809 |
3.020 |
66.89% |
118.6229 |
1.1642 |
2.1707 |
| av1-20180222 |
2.943 |
66.02% |
97.6492 |
1.0156 |
2.1509 |
| Reference (mozjpeg) |
1.137 |
12.05% |
14.0222 |
0.6776 |
1.0000 |
| bpg |
1.150 |
13.03% |
21.4230 |
5.8602 |
0.9682 |
Encoding times:
Bits per pixel at equivalent quality according to VMAF
Bits per pixel at equivalent quality according to Y-PSNR-HVS-M
Bits per pixel at equivalent quality according to Y-MSSSIM
Bits per pixel at equivalent quality according to Y-SSIM
Bits per pixel at equivalent quality according to RGB-SSIM


@()(implicit crosswordPage: crosswords.CrosswordPageWithSvg, request: RequestHeader, context: model.ApplicationContext)
@import views.html.fragments.crosswords.printableCrosswordClue
@import org.joda.time.LocalDate
@(crosswordPage.crossword.creator match {
case Some(creator) => s"${crosswordPage.crossword.name} set by ${creator.name}"
case None => s"${crosswordPage.crossword.name}"
})
@crosswordPage.crossword.instructions.map { instructions =>
Special instructions: @instructions
}
@crosswordPage.svg
Across
@crosswordPage.crossword.acrossEntries.map(printableCrosswordClue.render)
Down
@crosswordPage.crossword.downEntries.map(printableCrosswordClue.render)
© @(new LocalDate().getYear) Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights reserved.


This is a child component. The values below demonstrate the various types of bindings.
One-way binding
Changes in the parent are reflected in the children, but not the other way round. Changes in the child only affect
the child scope and it's children, if any.
two-way binding
Changes in the parent are reflected in the children, and vice-versa.


---
layout: post
title: 'OData weekly roundup #1'
date: 2010-03-26 17:58:07.000000000 +08:00
categories:
- OData ecosystem
tags: []
status: publish
type: post
published: true
author: OData.org Archive
---
It's been a little over a week since the new OData.org went live, and in that time we've had plenty of interesting feedback.
Thank you!
Here are some of the suggestions we've received:
- Open Source the .NET Server libraries too (we announced and will release the .NET client libraries under apache soon). For more information read Miguel's post where he makes his case.
- Better guidance on how to integrate various Authentication schemes with OData. Alex Hudson's post argues strongly for more help in this area. We hear this particular feedback loud and clear, and are working to create some guidance.
- Figure out how to use OData to supplement or replace the MetaWeblog API most blog engines use - Sounds like an interesting way to extend the reach of OData.
- Binary version of the protocol. Mainly for perf/compression reasons - let's face it XML isn't exactly terse. We have been thinking about this, and have started considering things like Binary XML.
- Create a VBA client library so you can easily process OData inside Office applications.
- Make it easy to download an OData feed into Excel - not via PowerPivot - directly into Excel.
- Create some guidance showing how to mock the .NET client library.
- Add OData support to more Microsoft products like the Dynamics family of products.
- Work out exactly how OData works with and complements other linked data standards like RDF, OWL and SPARQL.
- Create an OData wiki. Actually this is something we are already working towards.
- Adopt a more open licensing model. Perhaps using Creative Commons Public Domain?
- Consider working with W3C, IETF or OWF to standardize all the OData specifications.
- Add an about page to the site, so we can find out about the people and companies currently funding working on OData.
What do you think about these suggestions?
Do you have any of your own?
And in other developments:
While we work to add an OData mailing list and get a wiki up and running we'll write more summary posts like this.
So keep the feedback coming, as you can see we are listening.
Alex James
Microsoft


|
Figure 1
|
Typical parallel-polarised Raman spectrum detected from an a ... |
|
Figure 2
|
Polar plot of the polarisation-dependent factor \documentcla ... |
|
Figure 3
|
Grain morphology of the investigated GaV 4S 8 ceramics. ( a) ... |
|
Figure 4
|
Parallel-polarised Raman scattering intensity ratios detecte ... |


robovat.math package¶
robovat.math.euler module¶
3D orientation as Euler angles.
robovat.math.orientation module¶
Define the class of 3D orientation.
robovat.math.point module¶
The class of 3D point.
robovat.math.pose module¶
Define the class of 3D Pose.
-
class
Pose
(value=[[0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0]])[source]¶ Bases:
object
3D Pose.
-
property
euler
¶
-
inverse
()[source]¶ Get the inverse rigid transformation of the pose.
If the pose is defined in the world frame, then the return value s the world origin in the frame of this pose.
- Returns
An instance of Pose.
-
property
matrix3
¶
-
property
matrix4
¶
-
property
orientation
¶
-
property
pitch
¶
-
property
pose
¶
-
property
position
¶
-
property
quaternion
¶
-
property
roll
¶
-
transform
(pose)[source]¶ Rigid transformation from one from to another.
The rigid transformation from the source frame to the target frame is defined by self.position and self.orientation.
- Parameters
pose – The pose defined in the source frame
- Returns
The corresponding pose defined in the target frame.
-
static
uniform
(x, y, z, roll=0.0, pitch=0.0, yaw=0.0)[source]¶ Draw pose samples from a uniform distribution.
- Parameters
x – Value/range of the x position.
y – Value/range of the y position.
z – Value/range of the z position.
roll – Value/range of the roll position.
pitch – Value/range of the pitch position.
yaw – Value/range of the yaw position.
- Returns
A Pose instance.
-
property
x
¶
-
property
y
¶
-
property
yaw
¶
-
property
z
¶
-
property


--- layout: toc-page --- {% comment %} This is currently almost identical to the toc-page, but the jsdoc generated docs deliberately inherit from a different template in case we need to split them at a later point in time. {% endcomment %}


Preparation time
less than 30 mins
Cooking time
1 to 2 hours
Serves
Serves 4
Serve with a green salad and some crusty bread in summer or with roast potatoes, carrots and peas for winter – roast chicken is a dish for all seasons.
Preheat the oven to 200C/400F/Gas 6.
Slice the lemon halfway through lengthways. Insert a sprig of thyme into the slit and place the lemon inside the cavity of the chicken.
Make the flavoured oil. Strip the leaves from the remaining thyme stalks and place the leaves in a bowl.
Press the garlic cloves with the heel of your hand to lightly crush. Remove the skins and add the garlic cloves to the bowl.
Pour the olive oil into the bowl.
Using a pestle and mortar, a mini food processor or a hand blender, blend together the thyme leaves, garlic and olive oil. It should be quite liquid.
Spoon the thyme, garlic and oil mixture all over the chicken, working it into all the nooks and crannies.
Place the chicken in a roasting tray and pour over the remaining flavoured oil. Season the chicken generously with sea salt and black pepper.
Cover the chicken loosely with foil and roast in the oven for 30 minutes. After 30 minutes, remove the foil and roast for another 20-30 minutes and reduce the temperature to 160C-180C/320F-350F/Gas 3-4. It's fully cooked when the juices run clear when the bird is pierced in the thigh with a skewer.
Turn off the oven and let the bird rest in the residual heat for at least ten minutes. Remove from the oven, then carve.
Stir the pan juices over the hob to heat through.


japicmp is a tool to compare two versions of a jar archive:
java -jar japicmp-0.17.2-jar-with-dependencies.jar -n new-version.jar -o old-version.jar
It can also be used as a library:
JarArchiveComparatorOptions comparatorOptions = new JarArchiveComparatorOptions();
JarArchiveComparator jarArchiveComparator = new JarArchiveComparator(comparatorOptions);
List<JApiClass> jApiClasses = jarArchiveComparator.compare(oldArchives, newArchives);
japicmp is available in the Maven Central Repository:
<dependency>
<groupId>com.github.siom79.japicmp</groupId>
<artifactId>japicmp</artifactId>
<version>0.17.2</version>
</dependency>
A maven plugin allows you to integrate the checks into your build:
<plugin>
<groupId>com.github.siom79.japicmp</groupId>
<artifactId>japicmp-maven-plugin</artifactId>
<version>0.17.2</version>
<configuration>
<oldVersion>
<dependency>
<groupId>japicmp</groupId>
<artifactId>japicmp-test-v1</artifactId>
<version>${oldversion}</version>
<type>jar</type>
</dependency>
</oldVersion>
<newVersion>
<file>
<path>${project.build.directory}/${project.artifactId}-${project.version}.${project.packaging}</path>
</file>
</newVersion>
<parameter>
<!-- see documentation -->
</parameter>
</configuration>
<executions>
<execution>
<phase>verify</phase>
<goals>
<goal>cmp</goal>
</goals>
</execution>
</executions>
</plugin>
A Sonar Qube plugin integrates the results from the japicmp analysis into your code quality report: sonar-japicmp-plugin.
By using the available Ant task, you can also integrate japicmp into your Ant build files:
<taskdef resource="japicmp/ant/antlib.xml" classpathref="task.classpath"/>
<japicmp oldjar="${project.build.directory}/guava-18.0.jar"
newjar="${project.build.directory}/guava-19.0.jar"
oldclasspathref="old.classpath"
newclasspathref="new.classpath"
onlybinaryincompatiblemodifications="false"
onlyModifications="true"
/>
melix has developed a gradle plugin for japicmp.
Every time you release a new version of a library or a product, you have to tell your clients or customers what has changed in comparison to the last release. Without the appropriate tooling, this task is tedious and error-prone. This tool/library helps you to determine the differences between the java class files that are contained in two given jar archives.
This library does not use the Java Reflection API to compute the differences, as the usage of the Reflection API makes it necessary to include all classes the jar archive under investigation depends on are available on the classpath. To prevent the inclusion of all dependencies, which can be a lot of work for bigger applications, this library makes use of the javassist library to inspect the class files. This way you only have to provide the two jar archives on the command line (and eventually libraries that contain classes/interfaces you have extended/implemented).
This approach also detects changes in instrumented and generated classes. You can even evaluate changes in class file attributes (like synthetic) or annotations. The comparison of annotations makes this approach suitable for annotation-based APIs like JAXB, JPA, JAX-RS, etc.
The goal of this project is to provide a fast and easy to use API comparison for Java. Therefore it does not aim to integrate change tracking of other types of artifacts (configuration files, etc.) as a generic implementation means to make compromises in terms of performance and ease of usage. japicmp for example compares two archives with about 1700 classes each in less than one second and therewith can be easily integrated in each build.
--semantic-versioning
tells you which part of the version you have to increment in order to follow semantic versioning.--include-synthetic
.You can download the latest version from the release page or directly from the maven central repository.
The issue tracker at github can be used to submit feature requests or bugs. Beyond that contributions in form of pull requests are highly appreciated.
The following projects have related goals:


When transactions return objects, the type of the returned object must be annotated in the transaction declaration. For example:
transaction withdraw() returns Money@Owned {
// body not shown
return m; //where m is of type Money@Owned
}
If we did not return m
within the transaction, or if m
was not of type Money@Owned
, we would get an error.
When a reference is passed to a transaction as an argument, the transaction's declaration specifies initial and final ownership with >>
.
If >>
is not specified for a certain parameter, then the ownership of that parameter doesn't change. For example:
transaction spend(Money@Owned >> Unowned m) { // m is Owned initially but must be Unowned at the end.
// implementation not shown
};
transaction testSpend(Money@Owned >> Unowned m) {
spend(m);
// m is now of type Money@Unowned due to specification on spend() declaration.
}
transaction foo(Money@Owned m) { //this is the equivalent to Money@Owned >> Owned m
// body not shown
}
If a transaction expects an argument that is Unowned
, this means that the transaction cannot take ownership.
As a result, it is safe to pass an Owned
reference as an argument to a transaction that expects an Unowned
argument.
After the transaction returns, the caller still holds ownership.
For example, transaction bar(Money@Unowned m)
can accept a
Money
reference with any ownership and the caller maintains whatever ownership it had initially when it called that transaction.
this
)Sometimes the ownership of this
(the ownership of this contract) needs to change in a transaction.
That can be specified by adding this
as the first argument in the transaction declaration. Note that this
is implicit,
and is not an actual parameter. For example:
contract Money {
transaction discard(Money@Owned >> Unowned this) {
disown this;
}
}
contract Wallet {
transaction throwAwayMoney(Money@Owned >> Unowned money) {
money.discard(); // 'this' argument is implicit; do not include it in transaction call.
}
}


class
:
http
.
ClientRequest
Events
connect
continue
response
socket
upgrade
Methods
abort
end
flushHeaders
setNoDelay
setSocketKeepAlive
setTimeout
write
Additional Documentation Pages
Library Documentation
Events
connect
continue
response
socket
upgrade
Methods
abort
(
) {
end
(
) {
flushHeaders
(
) {
setNoDelay
(
) {
setSocketKeepAlive
(
) {
setTimeout
(
) {
write
(
) {


Demo Mode App
Toggle Fullscreen
Enter Fullscreen
Exit Fullscreen
Change Color if WP Fullscreen Enabled


Hello! I'm a Portuguese director of photography based and born in Lisbon.
You can reach me through<EMAIL_ADDRESS>or +351 919 492 474


Inkscape is a what you see is what you get Scalable Vector Graphics editor. It is useful for creating, viewing and changing SVG images.
This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.4 platform.
Download (HTTP): http://downloads.sourceforge.net/inkscape/inkscape-0.48.4.tar.bz2
Download MD5 sum: 47bd8546e42ba396624eef9eb66b9b6c
Download size: 19 MB
Estimated disk space required: 2.0 GB
Estimated build time: 18 SBU
Boost-1.54.0, GC-7.2d, Gsl-1.16 and Gtkmm-2.24.4
Aspell-<IP_ADDRESS>, Doxygen-1.8.5, ImageMagick-6.8.6-9, libwpg, Poppler-0.24.1 and popt-1.16
XML::Parser-2.41, XML::XQL and python-lxml
User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/inkscape
If Xorg is installed in a prefix
other than /usr
, the build will fail.
Fix this by issuing the following command:
export LIBRARY_PATH=$XORG_PREFIX/lib
Install Inkscape by running the following commands:
sed -e "s@commands_toolbox,@commands_toolbox@" -i src/widgets/desktop-widget.h && ./configure --prefix=/usr && make && unset LIBRARY_PATH
To test the results, issue: make check.
Now, as the root
user:
make install
This package installs icon files into the /usr/share/icons/hicolor
hierarchy and desktop
files into the /usr/share/applications
hierarchy. You can
improve system performance and memory usage by updating
/usr/share/icons/hicolor/index.theme
and
/usr/share/applications/mimeinfo.cache
. To
perform the update you must have GTK+-2.24.20 or
GTK+-3.8.4 installed (for the icon cache) and
desktop-file-utils-0.22 (for the
desktop cache) and issue the following commands as the
root
user:
gtk-update-icon-cache && update-desktop-database
sed -e "s@commands_toolbox,@commands_toolbox@" ...: This sed fixes building with GCC 4.8.
Last updated on 2013-09-07 13:44:55 -0700


UIViewController
class UIViewController : UIResponder, NSCoding, UIAppearanceContainer, UITraitEnvironment, UIContentContainer, UIFocusEnvironment
-
Add view controller to this as child
Declaration
Swift
public func add(_ child: UIViewController, containerView: UIView? = nil)
Parameters
child
Child view controller
containerView
Container view for childVC view. Default root view this view controller
-
Remove this view controller from parent view controller
Declaration
Swift
public func removeFromParent()
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public func adjustsScrollViewInsetsFalseIfNeeded()
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public func adjustsScrollViewInsets(_ adjust: Bool)
-
Undocumented
Declaration
Swift
public func adjustsScrollViewInsets(_ scrollView: UIScrollView, adjust: Bool)


Jekyll intro
Getting started
GitHub Pages can automatically generate and serve the website for you.
Let’s say you have a username/organisation my-org
and project my-proj
; if you locate Jekyll source under docs
folder of master branch in your repo github.com/my-org/my-proj
, the website will be served on my-org.github.io/my-proj
.
The good thing about coupling your documentation with the source repo is, whenever you merge features with regarding content to master branch, it will also be published in the webpage instantly.
- Just download the source from github.com/aksakalli/jekyll-doc-theme into your repo under
docs
folder. - Edit site settings in
_config.yml
file according to your project. - Replace
favicon.ico
andimg/logonav.png
with your own logo.
Writing content
Docs
Docs are collections of pages stored under _docs
folder. To create a new page:
1. Create a new Markdown as _docs/my-page.md
and write front matter & content such as:
---
title: My Page
permalink: /docs/my-page/
---
Hello World!
2. Add the pagename to _data/docs.yml
file in order to list in docs navigation panel:
- title: My Group Title
docs:
- my-page
Blog posts
Add a new Markdown file such as 2017-05-09-my-post.md
and write the content similar to other post examples.
Pages
The home page is located under index.html
file. You can change the content or design completely different welcome page for your taste. (You can use bootstrap componenets)
In order to add a new page, create a new html or markdown file under root directory and link it in _includes/topnav.html
.
This template uses bootstrap-sass along with bootwatch themes.
You can create your own theme by writing your own sass
files.
Create a new a theme folder like _sass/bootwatch/custom
and set your bootwatch
variables in _config.yml
to custom
:
bootwatch: custom


PDFjet.NET
Class Color
Object
PDFjet.NET.Color
public class Color
- extends Object
Used to specify the pen and brush colors.
- See Also:
- http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-color/#svg-color
|
Constructor Summary |
Color()
|
| Methods inherited from class Object |
equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
aliceblue
public static final int aliceblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
antiquewhite
public static final int antiquewhite
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
aqua
public static final int aqua
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
aquamarine
public static final int aquamarine
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
azure
public static final int azure
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
beige
public static final int beige
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
bisque
public static final int bisque
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
black
public static final int black
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
blanchedalmond
public static final int blanchedalmond
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
blue
public static final int blue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
blueviolet
public static final int blueviolet
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
brown
public static final int brown
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
burlywood
public static final int burlywood
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
cadetblue
public static final int cadetblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
chartreuse
public static final int chartreuse
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
chocolate
public static final int chocolate
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
coral
public static final int coral
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
cornflowerblue
public static final int cornflowerblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
cornsilk
public static final int cornsilk
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
crimson
public static final int crimson
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
cyan
public static final int cyan
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkblue
public static final int darkblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkcyan
public static final int darkcyan
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkgoldenrod
public static final int darkgoldenrod
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkgray
public static final int darkgray
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkgreen
public static final int darkgreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkgrey
public static final int darkgrey
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkkhaki
public static final int darkkhaki
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkmagenta
public static final int darkmagenta
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkolivegreen
public static final int darkolivegreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkorange
public static final int darkorange
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkorchid
public static final int darkorchid
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkred
public static final int darkred
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darksalmon
public static final int darksalmon
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkseagreen
public static final int darkseagreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkslateblue
public static final int darkslateblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkslategray
public static final int darkslategray
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkslategrey
public static final int darkslategrey
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkturquoise
public static final int darkturquoise
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
darkviolet
public static final int darkviolet
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
deeppink
public static final int deeppink
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
deepskyblue
public static final int deepskyblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
dimgray
public static final int dimgray
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
dimgrey
public static final int dimgrey
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
dodgerblue
public static final int dodgerblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
firebrick
public static final int firebrick
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
floralwhite
public static final int floralwhite
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
forestgreen
public static final int forestgreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
fuchsia
public static final int fuchsia
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
gainsboro
public static final int gainsboro
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
ghostwhite
public static final int ghostwhite
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
gold
public static final int gold
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
goldenrod
public static final int goldenrod
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
gray
public static final int gray
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
green
public static final int green
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
greenyellow
public static final int greenyellow
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
grey
public static final int grey
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
honeydew
public static final int honeydew
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
hotpink
public static final int hotpink
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
indianred
public static final int indianred
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
indigo
public static final int indigo
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
ivory
public static final int ivory
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
khaki
public static final int khaki
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lavender
public static final int lavender
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lavenderblush
public static final int lavenderblush
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lawngreen
public static final int lawngreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lemonchiffon
public static final int lemonchiffon
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightblue
public static final int lightblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightcoral
public static final int lightcoral
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightcyan
public static final int lightcyan
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightgoldenrodyellow
public static final int lightgoldenrodyellow
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightgray
public static final int lightgray
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightgreen
public static final int lightgreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightgrey
public static final int lightgrey
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightpink
public static final int lightpink
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightsalmon
public static final int lightsalmon
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightseagreen
public static final int lightseagreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightskyblue
public static final int lightskyblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightslategray
public static final int lightslategray
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightslategrey
public static final int lightslategrey
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightsteelblue
public static final int lightsteelblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lightyellow
public static final int lightyellow
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
lime
public static final int lime
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
limegreen
public static final int limegreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
linen
public static final int linen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
magenta
public static final int magenta
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
maroon
public static final int maroon
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumaquamarine
public static final int mediumaquamarine
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumblue
public static final int mediumblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumorchid
public static final int mediumorchid
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumpurple
public static final int mediumpurple
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumseagreen
public static final int mediumseagreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumslateblue
public static final int mediumslateblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumspringgreen
public static final int mediumspringgreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumturquoise
public static final int mediumturquoise
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mediumvioletred
public static final int mediumvioletred
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
midnightblue
public static final int midnightblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mintcream
public static final int mintcream
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
mistyrose
public static final int mistyrose
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
moccasin
public static final int moccasin
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
navajowhite
public static final int navajowhite
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
navy
public static final int navy
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
oldlace
public static final int oldlace
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
olive
public static final int olive
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
olivedrab
public static final int olivedrab
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
orange
public static final int orange
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
orangered
public static final int orangered
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
orchid
public static final int orchid
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
palegoldenrod
public static final int palegoldenrod
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
palegreen
public static final int palegreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
paleturquoise
public static final int paleturquoise
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
palevioletred
public static final int palevioletred
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
papayawhip
public static final int papayawhip
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
peachpuff
public static final int peachpuff
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
peru
public static final int peru
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
pink
public static final int pink
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
plum
public static final int plum
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
powderblue
public static final int powderblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
purple
public static final int purple
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
red
public static final int red
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
rosybrown
public static final int rosybrown
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
royalblue
public static final int royalblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
saddlebrown
public static final int saddlebrown
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
salmon
public static final int salmon
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
sandybrown
public static final int sandybrown
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
seagreen
public static final int seagreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
seashell
public static final int seashell
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
sienna
public static final int sienna
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
silver
public static final int silver
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
skyblue
public static final int skyblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
slateblue
public static final int slateblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
slategray
public static final int slategray
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
slategrey
public static final int slategrey
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
snow
public static final int snow
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
springgreen
public static final int springgreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
steelblue
public static final int steelblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
tan
public static final int tan
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
teal
public static final int teal
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
thistle
public static final int thistle
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
tomato
public static final int tomato
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
turquoise
public static final int turquoise
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
violet
public static final int violet
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
wheat
public static final int wheat
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
white
public static final int white
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
whitesmoke
public static final int whitesmoke
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
yellow
public static final int yellow
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
yellowgreen
public static final int yellowgreen
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
oldgloryred
public static final int oldgloryred
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
oldgloryblue
public static final int oldgloryblue
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
transparent
public static final int transparent
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
Color
public Color()


Include Browser view
The Include Browser view shows the <include> and #include relationships between source and header files.
Include Browser toolbar buttons
The Include Browser tree shows files included by the focused file or files including the focused file depending on the selection made in the toolbar.
| Icon | Name | Description |
|---|---|---|
|
Show Next Include |
This command selects the next include directive of the current file and opens it in the editor. |
|
|
Show Previous Include |
This command selects the previous include directive of the current file and opens it in the editor. |
|
|
Hide System Includes |
This command toggles the display of include directives with angle brackets (<>). |
|
|
Hide Includes from Inactive Code |
This command toggles the display of include directives which are contained in an inactive conditional preprocessor branch. |
|
|
Show Includers |
Show files including the currently focused file. |
|
|
Show Included Files |
Show files included by the currently focused file. |
|
|
Show History List |
This menu displays a history of previously displayed include relationships. |
|
|
Refresh View Content |
This command updates the view content by running a new query on the index database. |
|
|
View Menu |
Shows additional options to manage the Include Browser view including:
|


One of our team members, Shannon, told us about her personal experiences and pain with family gatherings. She told us of her father and a manila folder he would carry and constantly consult for family arrivals and lodging locations. While the folder-solution for her father was successful, it was a delicate construct that was only decipherable by him alone. With our team, we discussed an event manager that could put this information into one place that would be more user-friendly. A dashboard where the planner type can wrangle the loose family ends into one easy to understand interface that can be shared and updated between attending members.
Users can come at RSVP from two directions. The first as an event manager. A user can create a new event, invite guests, and list the details of the event. The second way for a user to interact is as a guest. A guest is invited to an event via email (like a slack invitation) where they can log in and view the event. Guests can review lodging details for each guest and can even find lodging deals displayed through the site via Expedia's Hotel API. Guests' lodging details are recorded and displayed for other guests to see.
Rails, Ruby, Bootstrap, Expedia Hotel API, Google Maps API, and love.
Smooth sailing with team RSVP, always.
Launching the live project on Heroku with Mailers is always exciting at a hackathon. We're also proud that we were able to wrangle the Expedia APIs for displaying relevant hotel information for guests to reference in their own purchases.
We learned that a squad of five Rails developers can very quickly produce a prototype we're all happy to present.
RSVP will go in two directions. The first is as a wedding planning tool, headed by one of our members, Aileen. The second is in the more general direction for any event, headed by our very own Jake.


We're a group of fun people that love to be outdoors and to explore the vast PNW. We organize weekly hiking events and meetups for hikers of all experience levels. Rain or shine, come join us!


How to Use an Android Content Provider¶
- Content providers manage access to a structured set of data.
- They encapsulate the data, and provide mechanisms for defining data security.
- Content providers are the standard interface that connects data in one process with code running in another process
How¶
You use the ContentResolver object in your application's Context
to communicate with the provider as a client.
The
ContentResolver object communicates with the provider object, an
instance of a class that implements ContentProvider.
The
provider object receives data requests from clients, performs the
requested action, and returns the results.
The
ContentResolver methods provide the basic "CRUD" (create,
retrieve, update, and delete) functions of persistent storage.
For example to get a list of the words and their locales from the
User Dictionary Provider, you call ContentResolver.query().
The
query() method calls the ContentProvider.query() method defined
by the User Dictionary Provider.
The following lines of code show a ContentResolver.query() call:
A Content URIs is a URI that identifies data in a provider.
Content
URIs include the symbolic name of the entire provider (its
authority) and a name that points to a table (a path).
When
you call a client method to access a table in a provider, the
content URI for the table is one of the arguments.
When¶
You don't need to develop your own provider if you don't intend
to share your data with other applications.
However, you
do need your own provider to provide custom search suggestions in
your own application.
You also need your own provider if
you want to copy and paste complex data or files from your
application to other applications.
Android Societies Content Provider (beta)¶
This content provider is the beta version to store common data like credential, service, etc.
The Authority for Societies content provider is defined in GITHUB
and it is org.societies.android.platform.contentprovider
All the information of this content provider are stored into a
MySQL DB into different TABLES.
Each tables is defined as
structure and URIs inside ICoreInterface under org.societies.api.android.internal.tables
package. There are currently those tables:
- CredentialTable
- CssNodeTable
- CssNodesTable
- CssProfileTable
- ServiceTable
The tables are created during the onCreate method
and here is the code:
[[https://redmine.ict-societies.eu/attachments/131/Schermata_04-2456023_alle_10.19.27.png]]
The reference to the Table definition is in GitHUB at this level
[[https://github.com/societies/SOCIETIES-Platform/blob/development/platform-infrastructure/client-frwk/CoreInterfaces/src/main/java/org/societies/api/android/internal/tables]]
Insert Example¶
To add some data inside the Content Provider and so into the Table of the Societied DB you need
- the URI composed by the AUTHORITY of the Content Provider + Table Name
- ContentValue object that is a map with the data to be stored into the table
here a simple example on how to add a Credential MAP into the CP.
Query Example¶
As described into the first example to Query some data into the Content Provider the following data are required:- Projection: a view of the table to query
- URI of the content provider + Table to query
- Where clause + Args
here another example available also in the code:
Delete Example¶
To delete something in the Content Provider and so in the DB you need
- Content URI to access the right Content Provider (Authority) and Table ( + "/TABLEBAME")
- A string that contains the where condition to select the dataset to delete. This should contains ? char to add variables
- An array that contains the variables, in the order to be put inside the WHERE string
here an example to better understand...


Disable splash screen?
-
Michael
I'm almost positive that in my previous install I had the splash screen disabled, but I can't find anything about it in bugzilla or the forums.
Is there an option or something I can add to the plist to turn it off? Unfortunatlely I had to rebuild my box...
Thanks
-
Greg Hurrell
Look under the "Advanced preferences" tab of the Preferences window. There is a checkbox for turning the splash screen on or off.
-
Michael
Sorry... I don't know how I could have missed that. I know I looked in there a few times. Probably the frustration of losing a drive and backups at the same time.
Thanks again
Reply
This topic is now closed.


A Bit Less Wrong
Blog
About
Nonparametric Density Estimation Parzen Windows And Beyond
2016-10-06
Attractive Mathematical Properties Of The Roc Curve
2016-09-27
Probability Calibration And Isotonic Regression
2016-09-18
First Order Optimization Methods
2016-07-02
Factorization Machines A Theoretical Introduction
2016-06-26
Document Similarity With Word Movers Distance
2016-06-13
Translating W2v Embedding From One Space To Another
2016-06-06
Hogwild Stochastic Gradient Descent
2015-10-27
Dropout Ensembling In Neural Nets
2015-10-21


| | byteString $body @public dict<string, string> $headerItems @public | | Items found in the header.
|
string $httpVersion @public | | HTTP version from the first line
|
string $params @public | | "?arg=val&arg=val" without the '?'.
If there is no ? in the path then NIL.
|
string $path @public | | The path found in the request, up to
any '?'.
|
HTTP.RequestType $type @public | | The type of request.
Usually this is RequestType.get or
RequestType.post.
|
| | Return a string with all the information of this request.
To be used for debugging.
|
| | Get a dictionary with the parameters, the "key=value" that come after a
"?" in the URL and are separated with "&".
|
|


Motorcycle crash near Southern Motorway
by Elena McPheePolice have been called to a motorbike crash near a Dunedin Southern Motorway off-ramp.
A spokeswoman said the person was injured, and it was understood to be a one-vehicle crash.
The crash happened near Abbotsford on Dunedin's Main South Rd.
Emergency services were called about 7.45am.


Somewhere over the rainbow, way up high and the dreams that you dream of, once in a lullaby. Somewhere over the rainbow, blue birds fly and the dreams that you dream of, dreams really do come true
Someday I'll wish upon a star, wake up where the clouds are far behind me. Where trouble melts like lemon drops,high above the chimney top, that's where you'll find me.
Somewhere over the rainbow, bluebirds fly and the dream that you dare to why, oh why can't I?


RMDIR
Section: Linux Programmer's Manual (2)
Updated: 2008-05-08
Index
Return to Main Contents
NAME
rmdir - delete a directory
SYNOPSIS
#include <unistd.h>
int rmdir(const char *pathname);
DESCRIPTION
rmdir()
deletes a directory, which must be empty.
RETURN VALUE
On success, zero is returned.
On error, -1 is returned, and
errno
is set appropriately.
ERRORS
- EACCES
-
Write access to the directory containing
pathname
was not allowed, or one of the directories in the path prefix of
pathname
did not allow search permission.
(See also
path_resolution(7).
- EBUSY
-
pathname
is currently in use by the system or some process that prevents its
removal.
On Linux this means
pathname
is currently used as a mount point
or is the root directory of the calling process.
- EFAULT
-
pathname points outside your accessible address space.
- EINVAL
-
pathname
has
.
as last component.
- ELOOP
-
Too many symbolic links were encountered in resolving
pathname.
- ENAMETOOLONG
-
pathname was too long.
- ENOENT
-
A directory component in
pathname
does not exist or is a dangling symbolic link.
- ENOMEM
-
Insufficient kernel memory was available.
- ENOTDIR
-
pathname,
or a component used as a directory in
pathname,
is not, in fact, a directory.
- ENOTEMPTY
-
pathname
contains entries other than
. and .. ;
or,
pathname
has
..
as its final component.
POSIX.1-2001 also allows
EEXIST
for this condition.
- EPERM
-
The directory containing
pathname
has the sticky bit
(S_ISVTX)
set and the process's effective user ID is neither the user ID
of the file to be deleted nor that of the directory containing it,
and the process is not privileged (Linux: does not have the
CAP_FOWNER
capability).
- EPERM
-
The filesystem containing
pathname
does not support the removal of directories.
- EROFS
-
pathname
refers to a directory on a read-only filesystem.
CONFORMING TO
SVr4, 4.3BSD, POSIX.1-2001.
BUGS
Infelicities in the protocol underlying NFS can cause the unexpected
disappearance of directories which are still being used.
SEE ALSO
rm(1),
rmdir(1),
chdir(2),
chmod(2),
mkdir(2),
rename(2),
unlink(2),
unlinkat(2)
Index
- NAME
-
- SYNOPSIS
-
- DESCRIPTION
-
- RETURN VALUE
-
- ERRORS
-
- CONFORMING TO
-
- BUGS
-
- SEE ALSO
-
This document was created by
man2html,
using the manual pages.
Time: 02:54:47 GMT, September 18, 2014


{include file='part-head.htm'}>
<{include file='header.htm'}>
Home
>
Client Resources
>
Economic Calendar
<{include file='cusHeader.htm'}>
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I have experience of developing code in C# using .NET evironment wth Visual Studio and TFS, Entiity Framework, MsSQL. For many years I developed testsystems and other software for production tests using National Instruments LabVIEW. In the past I also have done some work in C for embedded systems, Pascal and Basic."
I like to work with the front-end using these tools:
The easiest way to contact me is via twitter @CaryHstrom


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How to play
, tilt the screen with your mouse and move the sphere to the square
beware the holes in the ground :)


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Use English for every element and explicitly set with the
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--- layout: post date: 2012-02-19 time: "09:00:00" authors: ["Greg Wilson"] title: A Flash (well, MP4) from the Past tags: ["Content"] ---
In July 2009, we held a one-day symposium on open science at the University of Toronto. I recently uploaded video from those talks to YouTube; the audio is a bit shaky, but I hope they're useful despite that. The talks are linked below.
Titus Brown: Choosing Infrastructure and Testing Tools for Scientific Software Projects
Cameron Neylon: A Web Native Research Record: Applying the Best of the Web to the Lab Notebook
Michael Nielsen: Doing Science in the Open: How Online Tools are Changing Scientific Discovery
David Rich: Using 'Desktop' Languages for Big Problems
Victoria Stodden: How Computational Science is Changing the Scientific Method
Jon Udell: Collaborative Curation of Public Events
Greg Wilson: Opening Remarks


--- title: VirtualConstraint layout: doxygen comments: false sidebar: doxygen_sidebar topnav: topnav tags: false ---
VirtualConstraint: represents a group of virtual constraints of a dynamical systems. More...
Public Member Functions | |
| VirtualConstraint (DynamicalSystem model, ya,SymExpression name, varargin) | |
| The class constructor function. More... | |
| function | export (export_path, varargin) |
| export the symbolic expressions of the constraints matrices and vectors and compile as MEX files. More... | |
| function | configure (load_path, varargin) |
| compiles the derivatives and Jacobian of the actual/desired outputs functions More... | |
| function varargout = | calcActual (x, dx, offset) |
| calculate the actual outputs More... | |
| function varargout = | calcDesired (t, x, dx, a, p) |
| calculate the desired outputs More... | |
| function varargout = | calcPhaseVariable (t, x, dx, p) |
| calculate the phase variable More... | |
| function nlp = | imposeNLPConstraint (nlp, ep, nzy, load_path) |
impose virtual constraints as NLP constraints in the trajectory optimization problem nlp of the dynamical system More... | |
| function | saveExpression (export_path, varargin) |
| save the symbolic expressions of the constraints matrices to MX binary files More... | |
| function obj = | setOutputLabel (cellstr label) |
| OutputLabel sets the naming labels of outputs. More... | |
| function obj = | setPhaseType (char type) |
| PhaseType sets the type of the phase variable. More... | |
| function obj = | setDesiredType (char type,integer degree) |
| DesiredType sets the function type of the desired outputs. More... | |
| function obj = | setRelativeDegree (integer degree) |
| RelativeDegree sets the relative degree of the virtual constraints. More... | |
| function obj = | setHolonomic (logical type) |
| Holonomic sets the type of whether the virtual constraints are holonomic or nonholonomic. More... | |
| function obj = | setPhaseVariable (SymExpression tau,SymVariable p) |
| Phase variale sets the symbolic expression of the state-based timing phase variable. More... | |
| function name = | validateName (name) |
| Name. More... | |
Public Attributes | |
| integer | Dimension |
| The dimension of the virtual constraints. More... | |
| logical | hasOffset = false |
| An indicator that shows there is an offset in the actual outputs. More... | |
| SymVariable | OutputParams |
| The symbolic representation of parameter sets of the desired outputs. More... | |
| SymVariable | OffsetParams |
| The symbolic representation of offset of the actual outputs: ya = ya_orig + offset_params. More... | |
| char | Name |
| The name of the virtual constraints. More... | |
| SymVariable | PhaseParams |
| The symbolic representation of parameters of the phase variable. More... | |
| char | OutputLabel |
| The label of the virtual constraint. More... | |
| char | PhaseType |
| The type of the phase variable. More... | |
| DesiredType | |
| The type of the desired output function. More... | |
| integer | RelativeDegree |
| The relative degree of the output. More... | |
| logical | Holonomic |
| Indicates whether the virtual constraint is holonomic or nonholonomic constraints. More... | |
| integer | PolyDegree |
| The maximum degree of the polynomial function. More... | |
| SymFunction | ActualFuncs |
| The actual outputs. More... | |
| SymFunction | DesiredFuncs |
| The desired outputs. More... | |
| SymFunction | PhaseFuncs |
| The phase variable. More... | |
| SymFunction | OutputFuncs |
| The virtual constraints ya - yd functions. More... | |
| SymExpression | PhaseVariable |
| The phase variable. More... | |
| SymExpression | ActualOutput |
| The actual outputs. More... | |
| SymExpression | DesiredOutput |
| The desired outputs. More... | |
| PhaseParamName | |
| The name of the phase parameter variable. More... | |
| char | OutputParamName |
| The name of the output parameter variable. More... | |
| char | OffsetParamName |
| The name of the offset parameter variable. More... | |
| Public Attributes inherited from handle | |
| addlistener | |
| Creates a listener for the specified event and assigns a callback function to execute when the event occurs. More... | |
| notify | |
| Broadcast a notice that a specific event is occurring on a specified handle object or array of handle objects. More... | |
| delete | |
| Handle object destructor method that is called when the object's lifecycle ends. More... | |
| disp | |
| Handle object disp method which is called by the display method. See the MATLAB disp function. More... | |
| display | |
| Handle object display method called when MATLAB software interprets an expression returning a handle object that is not terminated by a semicolon. See the MATLAB display function. More... | |
| findobj | |
| Finds objects matching the specified conditions from the input array of handle objects. More... | |
| findprop | |
| Returns a meta.property objects associated with the specified property name. More... | |
| fields | |
| Returns a cell array of string containing the names of public properties. More... | |
| fieldnames | |
| Returns a cell array of string containing the names of public properties. See the MATLAB fieldnames function. More... | |
| isvalid | |
| Returns a logical array in which elements are true if the corresponding elements in the input array are valid handles. This method is Sealed so you cannot override it in a handle subclass. More... | |
| eq | |
| Relational functions example. See details for more information. More... | |
| transpose | |
| Transposes the elements of the handle object array. More... | |
| permute | |
| Rearranges the dimensions of the handle object array. See the MATLAB permute function. More... | |
| reshape | |
| hanges the dimensions of the handle object array to the specified dimensions. See the MATLAB reshape function. More... | |
| sort | |
| ort the handle objects in any array in ascending or descending order. More... | |
Protected Attributes | |
| DynamicalSystem | Model |
| The dynamical system model. More... | |
| SymExpression | ya_ |
| The actual outputs. More... | |
| SymExpression | yd_ |
| The desired outputs. More... | |
| SymExpression | tau_ |
| The phase variables. More... | |
| logical | hasPhaseParam = false |
| An indicator that shows there is a parameter variable for phase. More... | |
| char | ActualFuncsName_ |
| The actual outputs. More... | |
| char | DesiredFuncsName_ |
| The desired outputs. More... | |
| char | PhaseFuncsName_ |
| The phase variable. More... | |
| char | OutputFuncsName_ |
| The virtual constraints ya - yd functions. More... | |
VirtualConstraint: represents a group of virtual constraints of a dynamical systems.
Copyright (c) 2016-2017, AMBER Lab All right reserved.
Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted only in compliance with the BSD 3-Clause license, see http://www.opensource.org/licenses/bsd-license.php
|
inline |
The class constructor function.
| model | the dynamical system model in which the virtual constraints are defined |
| ya | the symbolic expression of the actual outputs |
| name | the name of the virtual constraints |
| varargin | optional parameters. In details Required Parameters for varargin:
|
| function colvec ya = VirtualConstraint.calcActual | ( | x, | |
| dx, | |||
| offset | |||
| ) |
calculate the actual outputs
| x | the states |
| dx | the first order derivatives |
| ya | variable outputs in the following order: the actual output value |
| d1ya | the first order derivative ... |
| dNya | the N = RelativeDegree - 1 order derivative |
| JdNya | the Jacobian of dNya w.r.t. to the states |
| function colvec yd = VirtualConstraint.calcDesired | ( | t, | |
| x, | |||
| dx, | |||
| a, | |||
| p | |||
| ) |
calculate the desired outputs
| t | the time |
| x | the states |
| dx | the first order derivatives |
| a | the parameters of the desired output |
| p | the parameters of the phase variable |
| yd | variable outputs in the following order: the actual output value |
| d1yd | the first order derivative ... |
| dNyd | the N = RelativeDegree - 1 order derivative |
| JdNyd | the Jacobian of dNya w.r.t. to the states |
| function double tau = VirtualConstraint.calcPhaseVariable | ( | t, | |
| x, | |||
| dx, | |||
| p | |||
| ) |
calculate the phase variable
| t | the time |
| x | the states |
| dx | the first order derivatives |
| p | the parameter set |
| tau | variable outputs in the following order: the phase variable value |
| d1tau | the first order derivative ... |
| dNtau | the N = RelativeDegree - 1 order derivative |
| JdNtau | the Jacobian of dNya w.r.t. to the states |
| function obj = VirtualConstraint.configure | ( | load_path, | |
| varargin | |||
| ) |
compiles the derivatives and Jacobian of the actual/desired outputs functions
| function VirtualConstraint.export | ( | export_path, | |
| varargin | |||
| ) |
export the symbolic expressions of the constraints matrices and vectors and compile as MEX files.
| export_path | the path to export the file |
| varargin | variable input parameters export ( ..., Vars, File, ForceExport, BuildMex, Namespace )
|
| function TrajectoryOptimization nlp = VirtualConstraint.imposeNLPConstraint | ( | nlp, | |
| ep, | |||
| nzy, | |||
| load_path | |||
| ) |
impose virtual constraints as NLP constraints in the trajectory optimization problem nlp
of the dynamical system
For each (vector) virtual constraints, we will enforce the following
| nlp | the trajectory optimization NLP |
| ep | the coefficients of the derivatives |
| nzy | the derivatives that does not requires to be zero at the first node |
| function VirtualConstraint.saveExpression | ( | export_path, | |
| varargin | |||
| ) |
save the symbolic expressions of the constraints matrices to MX binary files
| export_path | the path to export the file |
| varargin | variable input parameters saveExpression ( ..., ForceExport )
|
DesiredType sets the function type of the desired outputs.
| type | the function type |
| degree | the degree of polynomials |
|
inline |
Holonomic sets the type of whether the virtual constraints are holonomic or nonholonomic.
| type | true for holonomic, false for nonholonomic |
|
inline |
OutputLabel sets the naming labels of outputs.
| label | the cell array of labels |
|
inline |
PhaseType sets the type of the phase variable.
| type | type of the phase variable |
|
inline |
Phase variale sets the symbolic expression of the state-based timing phase variable.
| tau | the phase variable |
| p | the parameters of tau |
|
inline |
RelativeDegree sets the relative degree of the virtual constraints.
| degree | relative degree of outputs |
|
inline |
Name.
| VirtualConstraint.ActualFuncs |
The actual outputs.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
|
protected |
The actual outputs.
| VirtualConstraint.ActualOutput |
The actual outputs.
Dependent
set to true. | VirtualConstraint.DesiredFuncs |
The desired outputs.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
|
protected |
The desired outputs.
| VirtualConstraint.DesiredOutput |
The desired outputs.
Dependent
set to true. | VirtualConstraint.DesiredType |
The type of the desired output function.
Bezier
,CWF
,ECWF
,MinJerk
,Constant
}SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.Dimension |
The dimension of the virtual constraints.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.hasOffset = false |
An indicator that shows there is an offset in the actual outputs.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
|
protected |
An indicator that shows there is a parameter variable for phase.
Default: false
| VirtualConstraint.Holonomic |
Indicates whether the virtual constraint is holonomic or nonholonomic constraints.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
|
protected |
The dynamical system model.
| VirtualConstraint.Name |
The name of the virtual constraints.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.OffsetParamName |
The name of the offset parameter variable.
Dependent
set to true. | VirtualConstraint.OffsetParams |
The symbolic representation of offset of the actual outputs: ya = ya_orig + offset_params.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.OutputFuncs |
The virtual constraints ya - yd functions.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
|
protected |
The virtual constraints ya - yd functions.
| VirtualConstraint.OutputLabel |
The label of the virtual constraint.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.OutputParamName |
The name of the output parameter variable.
Dependent
set to true. | VirtualConstraint.OutputParams |
The symbolic representation of parameter sets of the desired outputs.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.PhaseFuncs |
The phase variable.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
|
protected |
The phase variable.
| VirtualConstraint.PhaseParamName |
The name of the phase parameter variable.
Dependent
set to true. | VirtualConstraint.PhaseParams |
The symbolic representation of parameters of the phase variable.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.PhaseType |
The type of the phase variable.
It could be either StateBased
or TimeBased
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.PhaseVariable |
The phase variable.
Dependent
set to true. | VirtualConstraint.PolyDegree |
The maximum degree of the polynomial function.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
| VirtualConstraint.RelativeDegree |
The relative degree of the output.
SetAccess = Protected, GetAccess = Public
|
protected |
The phase variables.
|
protected |
The actual outputs.
|
protected |
The desired outputs.


CSS is a language for specifying how documents are presented to users — how they are styled, laid out, etc.
A document is usually a text file structured using a markup language — HTML is the most common markup language, but you will also come across other markup languages such as SVG or XML.
Presenting a document to a user means converting it into a usable form for your audience. Browsers, like Firefox, Chrome or Internet Explorer, are designed to present documents visually, for example, on a computer screen, projector or printer.
Web browsers apply CSS rules to a document to affect how they are displayed. A CSS rule is formed from:
- A set of properties, which have values set to update how the HTML content is displayed, for example I want my element's width to be 50% of its parent element, and its background to be red.
- A selector, which selects the element(s) you want to apply the updated property values to. For example, I want to apply my CSS rule to all the paragraphs in my HTML document.
A set of CSS rules contained within a stylesheet determines how a webpage should look. You will learn a lot more about what CSS syntax looks like in the next article of the module — CSS Syntax.
A quick CSS example
The above descriptions may or may not have made sense, so let's make sure things are clear by presenting a quick example. First of all, let's take a simple HTML document, containing an

and a

(notice that a stylesheet is applied to the HTML using a <link>
element):
<!DOCTYPE html>

<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>My CSS experiment</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">

Hello World!

This is my first CSS example

Now let's look at a very simple CSS example containing two rules:
h1 {
color: blue;
background-color: yellow;
border: 1px solid black;
}
p {
color: red;
}
The first rule starts with an h1
selector, which means that it will apply its property values to the

element. It contains three properties and their values (each property/value pair is called a declaration):
- The first one sets the text color to blue.
- The second sets the background color to yellow.
- The third one puts a border around the header that is 1 pixel wide, solid (not dotted, or dashed, etc.), and colored black.
The second rule starts with a p
selector, which means that it will apply its property values to the

element. It contains one declaration, which sets the text color to red.
In a web browser, the code above would produce the following output:
This isn't too pretty, but at least it starts to give you an idea of how CSS works.
When a browser displays a document, it must combine the document's content with its style information. It processes the document in two stages:
A DOM has a tree-like structure. Each element, attribute and piece of text in the markup language becomes a DOM node in the tree structure. The nodes are defined by their relationship to other DOM nodes. Some elements are parents of child nodes, and child nodes have siblings.
Understanding the DOM helps you design, debug and maintain your CSS because the DOM is where your CSS and the document's content meet up.
DOM Presentation
Rather than a long, boring explanation, let's take an example to see how the DOM and CSS work together.
Let's assume the following HTML code:

Let's use:
Cascading
Style
Sheets

In the DOM, the node corresponding to our

element is a parent.  The SPAN
nodes are also parents, with text nodes as their children:
P
├─ "Let's use:"
├─ SPAN
| └─ "Cascading"
├─ SPAN
| └─ "Style"
└─ SPAN
└─ "Sheets"
This is how a browser interprets the previous HTML snippet —it renders the above DOM tree and then outputs it in the browser like so:
Let's use: Cascading Style Sheets
Applying CSS to the DOM
Let's say we added some CSS to our document, to style it. Again, the HTML is as follows:

Let's use:
Cascading
Style
Sheets

If we apply the following CSS to it:
span {
border: 1px solid black;
background-color: lime;
}
The browser will parse the HTML and create a DOM from it, then parse the CSS. Since the only rule available in the CSS has a span selector, it will apply that rule to each one of the three spans. The updated output is as follows:
Let's use: Cascading Style Sheets
There are three different ways to apply CSS to an HTML document that you'll commonly come across, some more useful than others. Here we'll briefly review each one.
External stylesheet
You've already seen external stylesheets in this article, but not by that name. An external stylesheet is when you have your CSS written in a separate file with a .css
extension, and you reference it from an HTML <link>
element. The HTML file looks something like this:
<!DOCTYPE html>

<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>My CSS experiment</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="style.css">

Hello World!

This is my first CSS example

And the CSS file:
h1 {
color: blue;
background-color: yellow;
border: 1px solid black;
}
p {
color: red;
}
This method is arguably the best, as you can use one stylesheet to style multiple documents, and would only need to update the CSS in one place if changes were needed.
Internal stylesheet
An internal stylesheet is where you don't have an external CSS file, but instead place your CSS inside a

Hello World!

This is my first CSS example

This can be useful in some circumstances (maybe you're working with a content management system where you can't modify the CSS files directly), but it isn't quite as efficient as external stylesheets — in a website, the CSS would need to be repeated across every page, and updated in multiple places if changes were required.
Inline styles
Inline styles are CSS declarations that affect one element only, contained within a style attribute:
<!DOCTYPE html>

<meta charset="utf-8">
<title>My CSS experiment</title>

Hello World!

This is my first CSS example

Please don't do this, unless you really have to! It is really bad for maintenance (you might have to update the same information multiple times per document ), and it also mixes your presentational CSS information with your HTML structural information, making the CSS harder to read and understand. Keeping your different types of code separated and pure makes for a much easier job for all who work on the code.
The only time you might have to resort to using inline styles is when your working environment is really restrictive (perhaps your CMS only allows you to edit the HTML body.)
- All information on this page was sourced from Mozilla Developer Network


Water level monitor project consists of a central web interface that serves to collect data from sensor nodes and visualize them to the user. Current data on the water level are represented in the dashboard together with the conversion to the volume of the well, historical data on the water level are also available to the user in tabular or graphical visualization with line graphs. Web interface is responsive, it can adapt to any screen and device resolution. Project's web interface uses a backend written in PHP that can process incoming data from the request using the HTTP POST method. Backend corrects the measured level to the actual one based on the known depth of the well, calculates the volume of water in the well from this parameter and the diameter of the well. Depth and diameter of the well are entered into the system by the user based on the proportions of his well. Data is sent to the web server by a microcontroller supported by technology (Ethernet / WiFi / IoT networks LoRaWAN / Sigfox / NB-IoT), which performs measurements every 300 seconds - i. 5 minutes. Water level measurement is performed using ultrasonic sensors - HC-SR04, or its waterproof variant JSN-SR04T. Other sensors with Trigger / Echo signals from the RCW, US-XXX, IOE-SR0X, SR0X, HC-SR0X, HY-SRF0X, DYP-MEXXX, Parallax PING)))™ series can also be used.
Principle of measuring ultrasonic sensors is to send a Trigger signal with a length of 10 μs (microseconds), which bounces off the water level and returns to the receiver - Echo. Time-of-Flight method is used to recalculate the time between sending and receiving the signal to determine the distance of the water level from the sensor, which is located at the top of the well. Conversion formula takes into account the speed of sound 343 m/s at a temperature of 20 °C. An important parameter for both ultrasonic sensors is the beam width, in other words the detection characteristic. HC-SR04 sensor has a 15° detection characteristic. The beam is relatively narrow and the sensor is also suitable for narrower wells and tanks, but it is not waterproof and has a high risk of corrosion (oxidation) due to the presence of moisture in the well. For this reason, it is advisable to place this ultrasonic sensor above the well. Waterproof sensor JSN-SR04T has a detection characteristic of 60°, which considerably limits it and prevents its use in narrow wells, as the beam widens with distance and requires a well with a diameter of several meters (6 meters diameter at a well depth of 4.5 meters) . Ultrasonic sensors are fully maintenance-free. The JSN-SR04T sensor has an electronic control board that must not be exposed to moisture and water. Standard communication shielded cable is 2.5 meters long, it is possible to connect counterparts of the same cable to extend the line. In the case of a square well, the diameter of the inscribed circle is entered into the average, which will form the reference value of the water cylinder for the calculation of the well volume. Error of the total well volume in this case will be at the level of ~12.5%. The maximum measurable level height (level) by the sensors is about 400 to 450 cm (known from the datasheet).
| Firmware name | Firmware function | ESP8266 | ESP32 |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ultra Low Power |
Firmware for ULP applications with low current consumption. The firmware is loaded via the bundled ESPTOOL tool automatically, which is run with a .bat script (in the script it is necessary to change the COM port of your ESP board). After uploading the firmware and assuming that ESP does not have the SSID and password from the previous project stored, WiFiManager will start, which is used to configure the existing WiFi network. ESP will start broadcasting an open WiFi network with SSID -> Hladinomer_AP in AP mode. After connecting the client (Windows / Android / iOS) the Captive portal will start on <IP_ADDRESS> (the client should be redirected automatically). WiFiManager allows you to select a WiFi network in range in the web interface, set a password. After successfully connecting ESP to the specified WiFi network and assigning IPv4 from the given range, Captive Portal will be turned off, ESP remains in STA-Station mode. Subsequently, the sensor node will start transmitting data to the web interface Water Level Monitor . The next time the sensor node is started, Captive Portal and WiFiManager will no longer start, as the WiFi network configuration is permanently preserved. After datas are sent to server, ESP microcontroller will switch to Deep Sleep mode. It will turn off main processor Xtensa. ESP8266 is awakened via WAKE timer (jumper between GPIO16 and RST required - check Wiring diagram), ESP32 is awakened via RTC Timer. |
ESP8266 .bin firmware | ESP32 .bin firmware |
| StandBy |
Firmware for StandBy mode of the microcontroller, which sends at regular intervals (5 min) measurements of the water level to the web server and at the same time maintains connectivity with the AP in the LAN network. The firmware is loaded via the bundled ESPTOOL tool automatically, which is run with a .bat script (in the script it is necessary to change the COM port of your ESP board). After uploading the firmware and assuming that ESP does not have the SSID and password from the previous project stored, WiFiManager will start, which is used to configure the existing WiFi network. ESP will start broadcasting an open WiFi network with SSID in AP mode --> Hladinomer_AP. After connecting the client (Windows / Android / iOS) the Captive portal will start on <IP_ADDRESS> (the client should be redirected automatically). WiFiManager allows you to select a WiFi network in range in the web interface, set a password. After successfully connecting ESP to the specified WiFi network and assigning IPv4 from the given range, Captive Portal will be turned off, ESP remains in STA-Station mode. Subsequently, the sensor node starts transmitting data to the web interface Water Level Monitor. The next time the sensor node is started, Captive Portal and WiFiManager will no longer start, as the WiFi network configuration is permanently stored. |
ESP8266 .bin firmware | ESP32 .bin firmware |
Backend at web interface uses trigonometry to estimate the measurable maximum depth of a well at a known well diameter (another parameter for calculating well volume). Wnterface allows the user to calculate to what maximum depth of the well each of the sensors is suitable based on its characteristics. Project is so easy to use even for laymen who do not know which sensor is more suitable for application in their well. Microcontroller used also plays an important role in the system. For the project, it is possible to use the Arduino platform (Uno / Mega) in revision R3 with an identical pinout, which can be connected to an Ethernet shield that communicates via the ICSP interface. It is also possible to use Ethernet modules and connect them directly to the hardware SPI pins of the microcontroller. Ethernet modules from Wiznet W5100, W5500, USR-ES1 are supported. From manufacturer MicroChip there is supported module ENC28J60 with software TCP stack. All Ethernet modules provide HTTP connectivity with the web server - port 80. WiFi microcontrollers from Espressif Systems - ESP8266 and ESP32 are also supported. Microcontrollers have several operating modes: StandBy, StandBy + OTA with the possibility of remote firmware upload via LAN network and deep sleep mode for ULP applications - Deep Sleep. In sleep mode for the ESP8266 microcontroller, it is necessary to add a physical jumper between GPIO16 (WAKE) and RST - see Wiring Diagram. ESP microcontrollers also allow to implement encrypted communication with the web server via HTTPS protocol. ESP32 saab kasutada ka PHY Etherneti mooduliga LAN8720 RMII liidese kaudu, toetab HTTP ja HTTPS ühendust. Both the ESP8266 and ESP32 platforms use the Root CA, which has issued a certificate (Issuer) for the web server domain. Certificate is embedded in the source code of the microcontrollers in .pem format. In order for the certificate not to take up space in the RAM memory of the microcontroller, it is inserted into the flash memory of the microcontroller - PROGMEM. Certificate of the certification authority is valid for 10 to 20 years, so it does not require frequent renewal of the certificate. Data on the current water level and water volume in the well are available in JSON format from the web interface. Water level monitor project can be integrated via MQTT into home automation (Hassio, Domoticz, Loxone) to display the water level in its own dashboard, e.g. Grafana, Ubidots, Thingsboard, Cayenne. Subsequently, it is possible to perform peripheral control in the subsystem (irrigation, watering, activation of the domestic waterworks) on the basis of data on the water level in the well from the web interface.
| Operating mode | StandBy | StandBy + Over The Air (OTA) | Ultra Low Power (ULP) | FreeRTOS |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Microcontroller | - | - | - | - |
| Arduino + Ethernet | ✓ | × | × | × |
| ESP8266 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | × |
| ESP32 | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ | ✓ |
| Library name | Library function | Download |
|---|---|---|
| NewPing |
Library for AVR microcontrollers (ATmega) Arduino Uno / Nano / Mega. It allows to perform measurements with ultrasonic distance sensors RCW, US-XXX, IOE-SR0X, SR0X, HC-SR0X, HY-SRF0X, DYP-MEXXX, Parallax PING)))™. |
Download |
| NewPingESP8266 |
Library for ESP8266 and ESP32 microcontrollers. It allows to perform measurements with ultrasonic distance sensors RCW, US-XXX, IOE-SR0X, SR0X, HC-SR0X, HY-SRF0X, DYP-MEXXX, Parallax PING)))™. |
Download |
| Ethernet2 |
Library for AVR microcontrollers (ATmega) Arduino Uno / Nano / Mega. It enables communication with the Ethernet module Wiznet W5200 to W5500 via the SPI interface. |
Download |
| Ethernet3 |
Library for AVR microcontrollers (ATmega) Arduino Uno / Nano / Mega. It enables communication with Ethernet module Wiznet W5500 V2 - USR-ES1 via SPI interface. |
Download |
| UIPEthernet |
Library for AVR microcontrollers (ATmega) Arduino Uno / Nano / Mega. It enables communication with the Ethernet module ENC28J60 from Microchip via the SPI interface. |
Download |


Welcome!


As a first example it shall be demonstrated how to build up, simulate and animate a simple pendulum.
A simple pendulum consisting of a body and a revolute joint with linear damping in the joint, is first build-up as Modelica composition diagram, resulting in:
In the following figure the location of the used model components is shown. Drag these components in the diagram layer and connect them according to the figure:
Every model that uses model components from the MultiBody library must have an instance of the Modelica.Mechanics.MultiBody.World model on highest level. The reason is that in the world object the gravity field is defined (uniform gravity or point gravity), as well as the default sizes of animation shapes and this information is reported to all used components. If the World object is missing, a warning message is printed and an instance of the World object with default settings is automatically utilized (this feature is defined with annotations).
In a second step the parameters of the dragged components need to be defined. Some parameters are vectors that have to be defined with respect to a local coordinate system of the corresponding component. The easiest way to perform this is to define a reference configuration of your multi-body model: In this configuration, the relative coordinates of all joints are zero. This means that all coordinate systems on all components are parallel to each other. Therefore, this just means that all vectors are resolved in the world frame in this configuration.
The reference configuration for the simple pendulum shall be defined in the following way: The y-axis of the world frame is directed upwards, i.e., the opposite direction of the gravity acceleration. The x-axis of the world frame is orthogonal to it. The revolute joint is placed in the origin of the world frame. The rotation axis of the revolute joint is directed along the z-axis of the world frame. The body is placed on the x-axis of the world frame (i.e., the rotation angle of the revolute joint is zero, when the body is on the x-axis). In the following figures the definition of this reference configuration is shown in the parameter menus of the revolute joint and the body:
Translate and simulate the model. Automatically, all defined components are visualized in an animation using default absolute or relative sizes of the components. For example, a body is visualized as a sphere and as a cylinder. The default size of the sphere is defined as parameter in the world object. You may change this size in the "Animation" parameter menu of the body (see parameter menu above). The default size of the cylinder is defined relatively to the size of the sphere (half of the sphere size). With default settings, the following animation is defined:
The world coordinate system is visualized as coordinate system with axes labels. The direction of the gravity acceleration vector is shown as green arrow. The red cylinder represents the rotation axis of the revolute joint and the light blue shapes represent the body. The center of mass of the body is in the middle of the light blue sphere.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block main %}
This tool is used to evaluate the proofreading and validation of a contest.


Wow! This water is so refreshing. And I can
still breathe for some reason. Holy cow! Someone...
or some thing?...is coming!
"Hello, Wanderer! My name is Alexa. We have granted you
a free trial of underwater breathing! You can keep it forever if you
agree to stay here forever!"


P
oor
Waspoor
Demo
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User Data
All users in the database. Uses
users/all
API.
User ID
First Name
Last Name
Email ID
User Creation Utility
First Name
Last Name
Email


Hong Kong Protests
by Associated Press1 / 7A protester stands on a barricaded bridge as traffic passes underneath near the Chinese University of Hong Kong in Hong Kong, Friday, Nov. 15, 2019. Protesters who had barricaded themselves in a Hong Kong university this week began to leave Friday after partially clearing a road they had blocked and demanding that the government commit to going ahead with local elections on Nov. 24. (AP Photo/Vincent Yu)
HONG KONG (AP) — The Latest on the protests in Hong Kong (all times local):
8 p.m.
Protesters in Hong Kong have once again blocked a highway in an outlying area after the government did not meet their demand that it pledge to go ahead with local elections later this month.
Traffic was backed up Friday evening after the protesters placed barricades back on the roadway.
The protesters had allowed one lane of traffic to re-open in each direction and gave the government 24 hours to meet their demand.
Constitutional Affairs Secretary Patrick Nip said the government hopes the election will be held on schedule but warned that it could be postponed if conditions are unsafe and roads and other transportation are blocked.
___
5 p.m.
Protesters who barricaded themselves in a Hong Kong university this week have begun to leave.
It wasn’t immediately clear why the protesters at the Chinese University of Hong Kong are leaving, and where they might go next.
Earlier, they cleared one lane in each direction of a road they had blocked while demanding that the government commit to going forward with local elections on Nov. 24.
Students and other protesters have taken over major campuses in Hong Kong, building barricades and stockpiling gasoline bombs and other weapons.
___
11 a.m.
Protesters holed up in a Hong Kong university have partially cleared a road they were blocking and are demanding the government commit to holding local elections on Nov. 24.
A masked protester at the Chinese University of Hong Kong announced early Friday that the government has 24 hours to meet the demand.
Students and other protesters have taken over major campuses in Hong Kong, building barricades and stockpiling gasoline bombs and other weapons.
Public broadcaster RTHK said that one lane of the Tolo Highway was cleared in both directions, but the government had not yet reopened it to traffic.
Anti-government protests have riven Hong Kong for more than five months. Pro-democracy activists say the government may use the violence as a reason to cancel the elections.


It's not me, and it's not you — it's your JavaScript. Turn it on!
Fickle 1.0.0 Demo
︿
SAVE
LOAD
SETTINGS
HELP
⮊
﹀


Basic web-worker demo
Running web-worker from url.
[[msg]]
Running web-worker with inline code.
[[msg]]
Running web-worker as a once-off job in a separate thread.
Calculate 1 + 2
Running web-worker as a once-off job in a separate thread.
Calculate 1 + 2
Calculate 2 + 2


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