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Little Heroes
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Base class for all UI components that should be derived from when creating new widget types. More...
Public Types | |
| enum | Pivot { Pivot.TopLeft, Pivot.Top, Pivot.TopRight, Pivot.Left, Pivot.Center, Pivot.Right, Pivot.BottomLeft, Pivot.Bottom, Pivot.BottomRight } |
| enum | AspectRatioSource { AspectRatioSource.Free, AspectRatioSource.BasedOnWidth, AspectRatioSource.BasedOnHeight } |
| Public Types inherited from UIRect | |
| enum | AnchorUpdate { AnchorUpdate.OnEnable, AnchorUpdate.OnUpdate, AnchorUpdate.OnStart } |
Public Member Functions | |
| delegate void | OnDimensionsChanged () |
| delegate void | OnPostFillCallback (UIWidget widget, int bufferOffset, BetterList< Vector3 > verts, BetterList< Vector2 > uvs, BetterList< Color32 > cols) |
| delegate bool | HitCheck (Vector3 worldPos) |
| void | SetDimensions (int w, int h) |
| Adjust the widget's dimensions without going through the anchor validation logic. More... | |
| override Vector3[] | GetSides (Transform relativeTo) |
| Get the sides of the rectangle relative to the specified transform. More... | |
| override float | CalculateFinalAlpha (int frameID) |
| Widget's final alpha, after taking the panel's alpha into account. More... | |
| override void | Invalidate (bool includeChildren) |
| Update the widget's visibility and final alpha. More... | |
| float | CalculateCumulativeAlpha (int frameID) |
| Same as final alpha, except it doesn't take own visibility into consideration. More... | |
| override void | SetRect (float x, float y, float width, float height) |
| Set the widget's rectangle. More... | |
| void | ResizeCollider () |
| Adjust the widget's collider size to match the widget's dimensions. More... | |
| Bounds | CalculateBounds () |
| Calculate the widget's bounds, optionally making them relative to the specified transform. More... | |
| Bounds | CalculateBounds (Transform relativeParent) |
| Calculate the widget's bounds, optionally making them relative to the specified transform. More... | |
| void | SetDirty () |
| Mark the widget as changed so that the geometry can be rebuilt. More... | |
| void | RemoveFromPanel () |
| Remove this widget from the panel. More... | |
| virtual void | MarkAsChanged () |
| Tell the panel responsible for the widget that something has changed and the buffers need to be rebuilt. More... | |
| UIPanel | CreatePanel () |
| Ensure we have a panel referencing this widget. More... | |
| void | CheckLayer () |
| Check to ensure that the widget resides on the same layer as its panel. More... | |
| override void | ParentHasChanged () |
| Checks to ensure that the widget is still parented to the right panel. More... | |
| bool | UpdateVisibility (bool visibleByAlpha, bool visibleByPanel) |
| Update the widget's visibility state. More... | |
| bool | UpdateTransform (int frame) |
| Check to see if the widget has moved relative to the panel that manages it More... | |
| bool | UpdateGeometry (int frame) |
| Update the widget and fill its geometry if necessary. More... | |
| void | WriteToBuffers (BetterList< Vector3 > v, BetterList< Vector2 > u, BetterList< Color32 > c, BetterList< Vector3 > n, BetterList< Vector4 > t) |
| Append the local geometry buffers to the specified ones. More... | |
| virtual void | MakePixelPerfect () |
| Make the widget pixel-perfect. More... | |
| virtual void | OnFill (BetterList< Vector3 > verts, BetterList< Vector2 > uvs, BetterList< Color32 > cols) |
| Virtual function called by the UIPanel that fills the buffers. More... | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from UIRect | |
| void | Update () |
| Rectangles need to update in a specific order – parents before children. More... | |
| void | UpdateAnchors () |
| Manually update anchored sides. More... | |
| void | SetAnchor (Transform t) |
| Anchor this rectangle to the specified transform. More... | |
| void | SetAnchor (GameObject go) |
| Anchor this rectangle to the specified transform. More... | |
| void | SetAnchor (GameObject go, int left, int bottom, int right, int top) |
| Anchor this rectangle to the specified transform. More... | |
| void | ResetAnchors () |
| Ensure that all rect references are set correctly on the anchors. More... | |
| void | ResetAndUpdateAnchors () |
| Convenience method that resets and updates the anchors, all at once. More... | |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static int | FullCompareFunc (UIWidget left, UIWidget right) |
| Static widget comparison function used for depth sorting. More... | |
| static int | PanelCompareFunc (UIWidget left, UIWidget right) |
| Static widget comparison function used for inter-panel depth sorting. More... | |
Public Attributes | |
| OnDimensionsChanged | onChange |
| Notification triggered when the widget's dimensions or position changes. More... | |
| OnPostFillCallback | onPostFill |
| Notification triggered after the widget's buffer has been filled. More... | |
| UIDrawCall.OnRenderCallback | mOnRender |
| Callback triggered when the widget is about to be renderered (OnWillRenderObject). More... | |
| bool | autoResizeBoxCollider = false |
| If set to 'true', the box collider's dimensions will be adjusted to always match the widget whenever it resizes. More... | |
| bool | hideIfOffScreen = false |
| Hide the widget if it happens to be off-screen. More... | |
| AspectRatioSource | keepAspectRatio = AspectRatioSource.Free |
| Whether the rectangle will attempt to maintain a specific aspect ratio. More... | |
| float | aspectRatio = 1f |
| If you want the anchored rectangle to keep a specific aspect ratio, set this value. More... | |
| HitCheck | hitCheck |
| Custom hit check function. More... | |
| UIPanel | panel |
| Panel that's managing this widget. More... | |
| UIGeometry | geometry = new UIGeometry() |
| Widget's generated geometry. More... | |
| bool | fillGeometry = true |
| If set to 'false', the widget's OnFill function will not be called, letting you define custom geometry at will. More... | |
| UIDrawCall | drawCall |
| Internal usage – draw call that's drawing the widget. More... | |
| Public Attributes inherited from UIRect | |
| AnchorPoint | leftAnchor = new AnchorPoint() |
| Left side anchor. More... | |
| AnchorPoint | rightAnchor = new AnchorPoint(1f) |
| Right side anchor. More... | |
| AnchorPoint | bottomAnchor = new AnchorPoint() |
| Bottom side anchor. More... | |
| AnchorPoint | topAnchor = new AnchorPoint(1f) |
| Top side anchor. More... | |
| AnchorUpdate | updateAnchors = AnchorUpdate.OnUpdate |
| Whether anchors will be recalculated on every update. More... | |
| float | finalAlpha = 1f |
| Final calculated alpha. More... | |
Protected Member Functions | |
| void | UpdateFinalAlpha (int frameID) |
| Force-calculate the final alpha value. More... | |
| virtual void | Awake () |
| Remember whether we're in play mode. More... | |
| override void | OnInit () |
| Mark the widget and the panel as having been changed. More... | |
| virtual void | UpgradeFrom265 () |
| Facilitates upgrading from NGUI 2.6.5 or earlier versions. More... | |
| override void | OnStart () |
| Virtual Start() functionality for widgets. More... | |
| override void | OnAnchor () |
| Update the anchored edges and ensure the widget is registered with a panel. More... | |
| override void | OnUpdate () |
| Ensure we have a panel to work with. More... | |
| override void | OnDisable () |
| Clear references. More... | |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from UIRect | |
| Vector3 | GetLocalPos (AnchorPoint ac, Transform trans) |
| Helper function that gets the specified anchor's position relative to the chosen transform. More... | |
| virtual void | OnEnable () |
| Automatically find the parent rectangle. More... | |
| void | Start () |
| Set anchor rect references on start. More... | |
Protected Attributes | |
| Color | mColor = Color.white |
| Pivot | mPivot = Pivot.Center |
| int | mWidth = 100 |
| int | mHeight = 100 |
| int | mDepth = 0 |
| bool | mPlayMode = true |
| Vector4 | mDrawRegion = new Vector4(0f, 0f, 1f, 1f) |
| Vector3[] | mCorners = new Vector3[4] |
| Protected Attributes inherited from UIRect | |
| GameObject | mGo |
| Transform | mTrans |
| BetterList< UIRect > | mChildren = new BetterList<UIRect>() |
| bool | mChanged = true |
| bool | mStarted = false |
| bool | mParentFound = false |
| Camera | mCam |
Properties | |
| UIDrawCall.OnRenderCallback | onRender [get, set] |
| Set the callback that will be triggered when the widget is being rendered (OnWillRenderObject). More... | |
| Vector4 | drawRegion [get, set] |
| Draw region alters how the widget looks without modifying the widget's rectangle. More... | |
| Vector2 | pivotOffset [get] |
| Pivot offset in relative coordinates. More... | |
| int | width [get, set] |
| Widget's width in pixels. More... | |
| int | height [get, set] |
| Widget's height in pixels. More... | |
| Color | color [get, set] |
| Color used by the widget. More... | |
| override float | alpha [get, set] |
| Widget's alpha – a convenience method. More... | |
| bool | isVisible [get] |
| Whether the widget is currently visible. More... | |
| bool | hasVertices [get] |
| Whether the widget has vertices to draw. More... | |
| Pivot | rawPivot [get, set] |
| Change the pivot point and do not attempt to keep the widget in the same place by adjusting its transform. More... | |
| Pivot | pivot [get, set] |
| Set or get the value that specifies where the widget's pivot point should be. More... | |
| int | depth [get, set] |
| Depth controls the rendering order – lowest to highest. More... | |
| int | raycastDepth [get] |
| Raycast depth order on widgets takes the depth of their panel into consideration. More... | |
| override Vector3[] | localCorners [get] |
| Local space corners of the widget. More... | |
| virtual Vector2 | localSize [get] |
| Local width and height of the widget in pixels. More... | |
| Vector3 | localCenter [get] |
| Widget's center in local coordinates. More... | |
| override Vector3[] | worldCorners [get] |
| World-space corners of the widget. More... | |
| Vector3 | worldCenter [get] |
| World-space center of the widget. More... | |
| virtual Vector4 | drawingDimensions [get] |
| Local space region where the actual drawing will take place. More... | |
| virtual Material | material [get, set] |
| Material used by the widget. More... | |
| virtual Texture | mainTexture [get, set] |
| Texture used by the widget. More... | |
| virtual Shader | shader [get, set] |
| Shader is used to create a dynamic material if the widget has no material to work with. More... | |
| Vector2 | relativeSize [get] |
| Do not use this, it's obsolete. More... | |
| bool | hasBoxCollider [get] |
| Convenience function that returns 'true' if the widget has a box collider. More... | |
| virtual int | minWidth [get] |
| Minimum allowed width for this widget. More... | |
| virtual int | minHeight [get] |
| Minimum allowed height for this widget. More... | |
| virtual Vector4 | border [get, set] |
| Dimensions of the sprite's border, if any. More... | |
| Properties inherited from UIRect | |
| GameObject | cachedGameObject [get] |
| Game object gets cached for speed. More... | |
| Transform | cachedTransform [get] |
| Transform gets cached for speed. More... | |
| Camera | anchorCamera [get] |
| Camera used by anchors. More... | |
| bool | isFullyAnchored [get] |
| Whether the rectangle is currently anchored fully on all sides. More... | |
| virtual bool | isAnchoredHorizontally [get] |
| Whether the rectangle is anchored horizontally. More... | |
| virtual bool | isAnchoredVertically [get] |
| Whether the rectangle is anchored vertically. More... | |
| virtual bool | canBeAnchored [get] |
| Whether the rectangle can be anchored. More... | |
| UIRect | parent [get] |
| Get the rectangle's parent, if any. More... | |
| UIRoot | root [get] |
| Get the root object, if any. More... | |
| bool | isAnchored [get] |
| Returns 'true' if the widget is currently anchored on any side. More... | |
| abstract float | alpha [get, set] |
| Local alpha, not relative to anything. More... | |
| abstract Vector3[] | localCorners [get] |
| Local-space corners of the UI rectangle. More... | |
| abstract Vector3[] | worldCorners [get] |
| World-space corners of the UI rectangle. More... | |
| float | cameraRayDistance [get] |
| Helper function that returns the distance to the camera's directional vector hitting the panel's plane. More... | |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Static Protected Attributes inherited from UIRect | |
| static Vector3[] | mSides = new Vector3[4] |
Base class for all UI components that should be derived from when creating new widget types.
| enum UIWidget.Pivot |
|
protectedvirtual |
Remember whether we're in play mode.
| Bounds UIWidget.CalculateBounds | ( | ) |
Calculate the widget's bounds, optionally making them relative to the specified transform.
| Bounds UIWidget.CalculateBounds | ( | Transform | relativeParent | ) |
Calculate the widget's bounds, optionally making them relative to the specified transform.
| float UIWidget.CalculateCumulativeAlpha | ( | int | frameID | ) |
Same as final alpha, except it doesn't take own visibility into consideration.
Used by panels.
|
virtual |
Widget's final alpha, after taking the panel's alpha into account.
Implements UIRect.
| void UIWidget.CheckLayer | ( | ) |
Check to ensure that the widget resides on the same layer as its panel.
| UIPanel UIWidget.CreatePanel | ( | ) |
Ensure we have a panel referencing this widget.
Static widget comparison function used for depth sorting.
|
virtual |
| delegate bool UIWidget.HitCheck | ( | Vector3 | worldPos | ) |
|
virtual |
Update the widget's visibility and final alpha.
Reimplemented from UIRect.
|
virtual |
Make the widget pixel-perfect.
Reimplemented in UILabel, UISprite, UI2DSprite, and UITexture.
|
virtual |
Tell the panel responsible for the widget that something has changed and the buffers need to be rebuilt.
Reimplemented in UILabel.
|
protectedvirtual |
| delegate void UIWidget.OnDimensionsChanged | ( | ) |
|
protectedvirtual |
|
virtual |
Virtual function called by the UIPanel that fills the buffers.
Reimplemented in UILabel, UISprite, UI2DSprite, and UITexture.
|
protectedvirtual |
| delegate void UIWidget.OnPostFillCallback | ( | UIWidget | widget, |
| int | bufferOffset, | ||
| BetterList< Vector3 > | verts, | ||
| BetterList< Vector2 > | uvs, | ||
| BetterList< Color32 > | cols | ||
| ) |
|
protectedvirtual |
|
protectedvirtual |
Ensure we have a panel to work with.
Reimplemented from UIRect.
Reimplemented in UISprite, UITexture, and UI2DSprite.
Static widget comparison function used for inter-panel depth sorting.
|
virtual |
Checks to ensure that the widget is still parented to the right panel.
Reimplemented from UIRect.
| void UIWidget.RemoveFromPanel | ( | ) |
Remove this widget from the panel.
| void UIWidget.ResizeCollider | ( | ) |
Adjust the widget's collider size to match the widget's dimensions.
| void UIWidget.SetDimensions | ( | int | w, |
| int | h | ||
| ) |
Adjust the widget's dimensions without going through the anchor validation logic.
| void UIWidget.SetDirty | ( | ) |
Mark the widget as changed so that the geometry can be rebuilt.
|
virtual |
Set the widget's rectangle.
Implements UIRect.
|
protected |
Force-calculate the final alpha value.
| bool UIWidget.UpdateGeometry | ( | int | frame | ) |
Update the widget and fill its geometry if necessary.
Returns whether something was changed.
| bool UIWidget.UpdateTransform | ( | int | frame | ) |
Check to see if the widget has moved relative to the panel that manages it
| bool UIWidget.UpdateVisibility | ( | bool | visibleByAlpha, |
| bool | visibleByPanel | ||
| ) |
Update the widget's visibility state.
|
protectedvirtual |
Facilitates upgrading from NGUI 2.6.5 or earlier versions.
Reimplemented in UILabel.
| void UIWidget.WriteToBuffers | ( | BetterList< Vector3 > | v, |
| BetterList< Vector2 > | u, | ||
| BetterList< Color32 > | c, | ||
| BetterList< Vector3 > | n, | ||
| BetterList< Vector4 > | t | ||
| ) |
Append the local geometry buffers to the specified ones.
| float UIWidget.aspectRatio = 1f |
If you want the anchored rectangle to keep a specific aspect ratio, set this value.
| bool UIWidget.autoResizeBoxCollider = false |
If set to 'true', the box collider's dimensions will be adjusted to always match the widget whenever it resizes.
| UIDrawCall UIWidget.drawCall |
Internal usage – draw call that's drawing the widget.
| bool UIWidget.fillGeometry = true |
If set to 'false', the widget's OnFill function will not be called, letting you define custom geometry at will.
| UIGeometry UIWidget.geometry = new UIGeometry() |
Widget's generated geometry.
| bool UIWidget.hideIfOffScreen = false |
Hide the widget if it happens to be off-screen.
| HitCheck UIWidget.hitCheck |
Custom hit check function.
If set, all hit checks (including events) will call this function, passing the world position. Return 'true' if it's within the bounds of your choice, 'false' otherwise.
| AspectRatioSource UIWidget.keepAspectRatio = AspectRatioSource.Free |
Whether the rectangle will attempt to maintain a specific aspect ratio.
|
protected |
|
protected |
|
protected |
|
protected |
|
protected |
| UIDrawCall.OnRenderCallback UIWidget.mOnRender |
Callback triggered when the widget is about to be renderered (OnWillRenderObject).
NOTE: This property is only exposed for the sake of speed to avoid property execution. In most cases you will want to use UIWidget.onRender instead.
|
protected |
|
protected |
|
protected |
| OnDimensionsChanged UIWidget.onChange |
Notification triggered when the widget's dimensions or position changes.
| OnPostFillCallback UIWidget.onPostFill |
Notification triggered after the widget's buffer has been filled.
| UIPanel UIWidget.panel |
Panel that's managing this widget.
|
getset |
Widget's alpha – a convenience method.
|
getset |
Dimensions of the sprite's border, if any.
|
getset |
Color used by the widget.
|
getset |
Depth controls the rendering order – lowest to highest.
|
get |
Local space region where the actual drawing will take place.
X = left, Y = bottom, Z = right, W = top.
|
getset |
Draw region alters how the widget looks without modifying the widget's rectangle.
A region is made up of 4 relative values (0-1 range). The order is Left (X), Bottom (Y), Right (Z) and Top (W). To have a widget's left edge be 30% from the left side, set X to 0.3. To have the widget's right edge be 30% from the right hand side, set Z to 0.7.
|
get |
Convenience function that returns 'true' if the widget has a box collider.
|
get |
Whether the widget has vertices to draw.
|
getset |
Widget's height in pixels.
|
get |
Whether the widget is currently visible.
|
get |
Widget's center in local coordinates.
Don't forget to transform by the widget's transform.
|
get |
Local space corners of the widget.
The order is bottom-left, top-left, top-right, bottom-right.
|
get |
Local width and height of the widget in pixels.
|
getset |
Texture used by the widget.
|
getset |
Material used by the widget.
|
get |
Minimum allowed height for this widget.
|
get |
Minimum allowed width for this widget.
|
getset |
Set the callback that will be triggered when the widget is being rendered (OnWillRenderObject).
This is where you would set material properties and shader values.
|
getset |
Set or get the value that specifies where the widget's pivot point should be.
|
get |
Pivot offset in relative coordinates.
Bottom-left is (0, 0). Top-right is (1, 1).
|
getset |
Change the pivot point and do not attempt to keep the widget in the same place by adjusting its transform.
|
get |
Raycast depth order on widgets takes the depth of their panel into consideration.
This functionality is used to determine the "final" depth of the widget for drawing and raycasts.
|
get |
Do not use this, it's obsolete.
|
getset |
Shader is used to create a dynamic material if the widget has no material to work with.
|
getset |
Widget's width in pixels.
|
get |
World-space center of the widget.
|
get |
World-space corners of the widget.
The order is bottom-left, top-left, top-right, bottom-right.


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The long-term trend of midsummer mean WPSH_SHO3 index from 1958 to 2017. NCEP Reanalysis data provided by the NOAA/OAR/ESRL PSD, Boulder, Colorado, USA, from their Web site at https://www.esrl.noaa.gov/psd/. The maps were generated by origin software version 8.0.


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A small sample app to demonstrate redux with ui-router and Angular 1.5.x and component syntax. Use the Data page to change the state of the app.


How install and run¶
SOBA package instalation¶
First of all, it is necessary to have the SOBA package installed. For this, we execute the following command.
$ pip install soba
In case of error, this other command should be used, ensuring to have installed python 3 version and pip 3 version.
$ pip3 install soba
SEBA Github repository¶
To use the SEBA software, we must first download the repository of the github SOBA project and access its directory.
$ git clone https://github.com/gsi-upm/soba
$ cd soba/projects/seba
Then, execute the run file.
$ python run.py
or
$ python3 run.py
Different options are provided for execution:
- Visual mode
$ python3 run.py -v
1.1 Launching REST Server
$ python3 run.py -v -s
1.2 Using RAMEN tool
$ python3 run.py -v -r
- Batch mode
$ python3 run.py -b
2.1 Launching REST Server
$ python3 run.py -b -s
2.2 Using RAMEN tool
$ python3 run.py -b -r


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This tool will create an image mosaic from one or more input image files using one of three resampling methods including, nearest neighbour, bilinear interpolation, and cubic convolution.The order of the input source image files is important. Grid cells in the output image will be assigned the corresponding value determined from the first image found in the list to possess an overlapping coordinate.
The Nearest neighbour resampling approach assigns each grid cell in the destination image the value of the nearest grid cell corresponding the the same x- y- coordinates in the source images. The Bilinear resampling method interpolates a new value based on the nearest four grid cells in one of the source images. The Cubic convolution resampling method interpolates a new value based on the nearest 16 grid cells in one of the source images. Notice that only the Nearest neighbour method is appropriate with categorical data, while the other two approaches often give better results for data on a continuous scale. The Nearest neighbour method is the fastest of the three, followed by Bilinear, followed by Cubic convolution, which is comparably slow in operation.
NoData values are ignored during resampling. Notice that if the Bilinear or Cubic convolution resampling methods are selected, the destination image should be of the float data type and continuous data scale as the output will contain floating-point values (i.e. decimal numbers).
The Mosaic With Feathering tool provides superior radiometric interpolation within the area of overlap in image pairs and is therefore the preferred method of mosaicing images with extended overlapping regions.
Resample is very similar in operation to the Mosaic tool. The Resample tool should be used when there is an existing image into which you would like to dump information from one or more source images. If the source images are more extensive than the destination image, i.e. there are areas that extend beyond the destination image boundaries, these areas will not be represented in the updated image. Grid cells in the destination image that are not overlapping with any of the input source images will not be updated, i.e. they will possess the same value as before the resampling operation. The Mosaic tool is used when there is no existing destination image. In this case, a new image is created that represents the bounding rectangle of each of the two or more input images. Grid cells in the output image that do not overlap with any of the input images will be assigned the NoData value.
The following is an example of a Python script using this tool:
wd = pluginHost.getWorkingDirectory()
# You may have multiple input files but they must
# be separated by semicolons in the string.
inputFiles = wd + "input1.dep" + ";" + wd + "input2.dep" + ";" + wd + "input3.dep"
outputFile = wd + "output.dep"
resamplingMethod = "nearest neighbour"
args = [inputFiles, outputFile, resamplingMethod]
pluginHost.runPlugin("Mosaic", args, False)
This is a Groovy script also using this tool:
def wd = pluginHost.getWorkingDirectory()
// You may have multiple input files but they must
// be separated by semicolons in the string.
def inputFiles = wd + "input1.dep" + ";" + wd + "input2.dep" + ";" + wd + "input3.dep"
def outputFile = wd + "output.dep"
def resamplingMethod = "bilinear"
String[] args = [inputFiles, outputFile, resamplingMethod]
pluginHost.runPlugin("Mosaic", args, false)


Please Stand-By While I Add Some Functionality
BiGSKy Attempts to automate as much as possible, so you don't have to math. Mathing is hard.
I try to emulate the style of the board game as much as possible to keep you engaged.
This *should* work on all screen sizes - if you find a problem, let me know!


jQuery SimpleMobilemenu
v2.0
SimpleMobilemenu is a Multi Level Menu,
Implemented with jQuery and CSS3.
Features
Multiple level menu support (n-level)
Infinite menu level nesting
Cross browser compatibility
Menu Styles
Slide
Accordion


A cottage is, typically, a small house. It may carry the connotation of being an old or old-fashioned building. In modern usage, a cottage is usually a modest, often cosy dwelling, typically in a rural or semi-rural location. ... The holiday cottage exists in many cultures under different names.


This is the featured area for your site
There is a css radial white background gradient here to make your product or service shine.
Register Now Watch the VideoThere is a css radial white background gradient here to make your product or service shine.
Register Now Watch the Video


Teenage suspect in California school shooting dies
The teenager accused of opening fire on his classmates, killing two and injuring three others, has died in hospital from a self-inflicted gunshot wound.
Citing the sheriff’s department, the Los Angeles Times and CBS Los Angeles reported that the alleged suspect, Nathaniel Berhow, died from a self-inflicted gunshot wound on Friday afternoon.
Authorities said that the suspect, who was a student at the high school in Santa Clarita, north of Los Angeles, carried out the attack on his 16th birthday.
On Thursday morning, Berhow allegedly pulled a handgun out of his backpack at the Santa Clarita school and shot five of his fellow students before turning the gun on himself, authorities said.
“We didn’t know if the shooter had a clear view of us or not, we just sprinted and we just like prayed for our lives,” one student told CBS News. “I actually thought I was going to die.”
A 16-year-old girl and a 14-year-old boy were killed in the incident, Los Angeles County Sheriff Alex Villanueva said.
According to CBS, Gracie Muehlberger, 15, and Dominic Blackwell, 14, were killed; the other three victims are expected to survive. Two of the victims, Mia Page Tretta and Addison Koegle, were released from the hospital on Saturday.
The Los Angeles Times reported on Friday that investigators had seized unregistered firearms from the teenage suspect’s home, and were trying to determine the origin of the handgun used in the attack.
Authorities said that there was no other suspect and no established motive for the attack.
After more than 40 interviews and evaluation of evidence, no motive had been established, said Capt. Kent Wegener, of the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Department’s homicide unit. He said no manifesto, diary or suicide note had been found.
“It still remains a mystery why,” Sheriff Alex Villanueva told a press conference.
MORE NEWS
School shooting suspect dies of self-inflicted wound
Mecca megastore launches mistreatment investigation
The teenager opened fire after being dropped off by his mother at Saugus High School in the Los Angeles suburb of Santa Clarita.
Nathaniel Tennosuke Berhow fired the final bullet into his own head.
He died at 3:32 p.m. Friday at a hospital with his mother present, according to a Sheriff’s Department statement.
The shooting in an outdoor plaza took just 16 seconds and was recorded on security video, authorities said.
The teen stood by himself, did not appear to interact with anyone and then walked to the center of the quad, Capt. Villanueva said.
“As far as we know the actual targets were at random,” the sheriff said. The sheriff said the conclusion that the attack was planned was based on the shooter bringing the weapon, handling it with enough expertise and counting the rounds fired.
“It wasn’t a spur-of-the-moment act,” Capt. Villanueva said.
Three off-duty law enforcement officers were first on the scene and treated some of the wounded until paramedics arrived.
“You have the image of a loner, someone who is socially awkward, doesn’t get along, some violent tendencies, dark brooding and online strange postings - stuff like that,” Capt. Villanueva said.
Friends said while the boy could be introverted, he had a girlfriend and good social network focused on his cross-country teammates.


Dataviz Examples
Bar chart
Categorical
Timeseries (yearly)
Line chart
Categorical
Timeseries (daily)
Spline chart
Categorical
Timeseries (hourly)
Area chart
Categorical
Timeseries (minutely)
Area-Spline chart
Categorical
Timeseries (secondly)
Area-Step chart
Categorical
Timeseries
Step chart
Categorical
Timeseries


Mindset and setting:
I was desperate to get 'high' before going out to see some bands as I like taking something to make the night a bit more fun. I was out of dope and I had about 20 minutes before I was getting picked up so I was rummaging through our cupboards when I found a couple of leftover codeine tablets and motion sickness pills.
Preparations:
No preparations. I just took the pills with water all at once and was on my way.
Dosage and Timing information and what I learned:
I took 4 pills of codeine phosphate with 30mg in each. Then I took 4 motion sickness pills straight afterwards along with 2 glycogen tablets. The time was about 6.40pm.
I felt good after I took the pills but this was probably psycological as I doubt the pills could have taken any effect yet. I was picked up 20 minutes later and I began to feel really hyper. I was running around and I felt really good. Really confident.
We arrived and I started to feel a little more subdued. We went in and stood around watching the bands. After about an hour I started to feel really wierd. I wasn't aware of anything around me really and I can't remember much but everything started to go black and voices and my vision seemed really distant. I remember telling my friends I felt strange and had to go outside but I don't remember seeing them. I then passed out. I got up (my friend told me) and stumbled about halfway out when I passed out again. I don't really remember the events in order but my friend told me I then got up, passed out again, got up and passed out again before being taken outside to sit. When I kept passing out I was really in my own world, I didn't remember where I was and when I came to I was shocked because I forgot where I was. At one point my friend thought I was dead because I passed out for ages.
I got outside and sat down and I started saying heaps of wierd stuff which I can't even remember like I was babbling and had no control of my actions or words.
My vision was really messed up and everything looked like crappy computer graphics.  I could speak properly and had normal conversations after a while but my vision was still not proper. This eventually passed but it was really freaky.
This was really scary as I had ABSOLUTELY NO CONTROL of my actions or my vision. I had no idea how powerful legal drugs were. It was so freaky and I don't know whether I'll do it again. When I took them I was just looking for a good time and I remember thinking that next time I should be more careful when taking drugs of anykind. I often just take drugs without thinking but even a small dosage of these drugs had a really bad effect.
After my vision returned and everything I still felt shaky and a little weak but I was fine after that.
Prescriptions I've been taking:
At the time I was also on antidepressants and also sleeping pills occasionally. This may have effected me as my doctor told me that any other drugs worked badly with antidepressants.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Haim turns people's terrible mornings into hilariously dorky songs
by Rachel ThompsonHaim could sing "Twinkle Twinkle Little Star" and it'd still be a bop.
Which is probably why BBC Radio 1 DJ Greg James asked the trio to turn listeners' songs into catchy songs.
Take Autumn's story, for instance. This caller recounted a miserable ordeal to James — she ran out of petrol, her car broke down, and she had to ring up her dad Gareth to come rescue her. Enter Haim, songstresses extraordinaire, who turned this terrible anecdote into a hilariously dorky yet highly catchy song.
"I'm driving in the roundabout, put my foot on the gas pedal, but nothing seems to come out, I'm not moving, not grooving," sang Este.
Banger.


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LinksModules
|
Module
|
| transition.execute (target, action, args) | Execute an action with a target. |
| transition.moveTo (target, args) | Moves a sprite to the position x,y. x and y are absolute coordinates by modifying it's position attribute. |
| transition.moveBy (target, args) | Moves a sprite x,y points by modifying it's position attribute. x and y are relative to the position of the object. |
| transition.fadeIn (target, args) | Fades In an sprite. It modifies the opacity from 0 to 255. The "reverse" of this action is transition.fadeOut() . |
| transition.fadeOut (target, args) | Fades Out an sprite. It modifies the opacity from 255 to 0. The "reverse" of this action is transition.fadeIn() . |
| transition.fadeTo (target, args) | Fades an sprite. It modifies the opacity from the current value to a custom one. |
| transition.scaleTo (target, args) | Scales a sprite to a zoom factor by modifying it's scale attribute. |
| transition.sequence (actions) | Create an array of sequenceable actions given an table. |
| transition.removeAction (action) | Stop the action. |
| transition.stopTarget (target) | Stop all actions for the target. |
| transition.pauseTarget (target) | Pauses the target, all running actions and newly added actions will be paused. |
| transition.resumeTarget (target) | Resumes the target. |
Execute an action with a target.
-- moving right target 100 points, durations of 2.0 seconds.
local action = CCMoveBy:create(ccp(100, 0), 0.2)
local args = {
delay = 3.0, -- before moving, delay 3.0 seconds
easing = "CCEaseBackInOut", -- use CCEaseBackInOut for easing
onComplete = function() -- call function after moving completed
echo("MOVING COMPLETED")
end,
}
transition.execute(sprite, action, args)
Note: Other transiton methods can also use the same args parameters.
CCNode target
CCAction action
[optional table args]
Moves a sprite to the position x,y. x and y are absolute coordinates by modifying it's position attribute.
-- Moving sprite to 100, 100
transition.moveTo(sprite, {time = 2.0, x = 100, y = 100})
CCNode target
table args
Moves a sprite x,y points by modifying it's position attribute. x and y are relative to the position of the object.
-- Moving right and up
transition.moveBy(sprite, {time = 2.0, x = 100, y = 100})
CCNode target
table args
Fades In an sprite. It modifies the opacity from 0 to 255. The "reverse" of this action is transition.fadeOut() .
transition.fadeIn(sprite, {time = 1.0})
CCNode target
table args
Fades Out an sprite. It modifies the opacity from 255 to 0. The "reverse" of this action is transition.fadeIn() .
CCNode target
table args
Fades an sprite. It modifies the opacity from the current value to a custom one.
transition.fadeTo(sprite, {time = 2.0, opacity = 200})
CCNode target
table args
Scales a sprite to a zoom factor by modifying it's scale attribute.
transition.scaleTo(sprite1, {time = 2.0, scale = 2.0}) -- zoom sprite
transition.scaleTo(sprite2, {time = 2.0, scaleX = 2.0}) -- zoom horizontal
transition.scaleTo(sprite3, {time = 2.0, scaleY = 2.0}) -- zoom vertical
CCNode target
table args
Create an array of sequenceable actions given an table.
local function onComplete()
echo("SEQUENCE COMPLETED")
end
local action = transition.sequence({
CCMoveBy:create(sprite, ccp(100, 0)), -- moving right
CCDelayTime:create(1.0), -- delay 1 seconds
CCMoveBy:create(sprite, ccp(0, 100)), -- moving up
CCCallFunc:create(onComplete), -- call function
})
sprite:runAction(action)
Stop the action.
local action = transition.moveTo(sprite, {time = 2.0, x = 100, y = 100})
....
transition.removeAction(action) -- stop moving
Stop all actions for the target.
transition.moveTo(sprite, {time = 2.0, x = 100, y = 100})
transition.fadeOut(sprite, {time = 2.0})
....
transition.stopTarget(sprite) -- stop moving, stop fades
Pauses the target, all running actions and newly added actions will be paused.
Resumes the target.


Adventure time!
Get your three day pass today and get a free meal.
★ ★ ★ ★ ☆ 4.0 starsI purchased this pass for this event, and it was 100 percent worth it.
Posted by Anonymous on 10/21/17Always a pleasure getting what you pay for.

Posted by Anonymous on 11/15/17


About The Event
This event is a little effort to encourage people of Ludhiana to know more about their city, explore it and show your "Love" towards the city. There is no age bar on participation.
There are currently 3 categories, for which the participants can submit their entries.
- Photography Contest
- Souvenir Contest
- Content Writing Contest
There are following 3 themes for this event.
- History of Ludhiana
- Beauty of Ludhiana
- Tourist Destinations
Top ten entries shall be selected on the basis of likes received for an entry on the Facebook Page and final winning entry amongst top ten entries shall be chosen by a panel of renowned experts/residents of Ludhiana.
Categories
Express your Love by participating in...
Click on images to know more about the contest...
Beauty of Ludhiana
There are many beautiful places, land marks, historical place. Capture the Ludhiana's history, culture, heritage, beauty and places of interest, in line with themes of the contest with your inner artist. Be the part of interesting event and win the prizes.
Photography Contest
What could a visitor take back home?
You can't find T-shirt saying I love Ludhiana in the market easily, not even any model of Clock Tower (Ghanta Ghar). Let us design souvenir and brand our city at National and International level. Explain your "Souvenir" with text, sketch, images showing different views. Give detailed description and link it with Ludhiana. Make a pdf file, which you upload.
Souvenir Contest
How much do you know about ludhiana?
Write about Ludhiana so that visitors / businessman loves to come here. Show your creative content writing skill by writing some thing interesting about Ludhiana. The content may also include images / illustrations. Make a pdf file, which you upload.
Content Writing Contest
Prizes
First
Second
Consolation prizes
Rules of Contest
Contact Us
Please follow page on Facebook to keep yourself up-to-date.


Visualizing Map Data with HERE Studio and Data Hub
read.me
- Raymond Camden
- Lead Developer Evangelist for HERE
- Enterprise Cat Demo Builder
- Second best "Just Dance 2019" player (in my house)
- Blogging at raymondcamden.com
- Tweeting @raymondcamden
About HERE Technologies
- Provide mapping, location, geospatial services worldwide
- 9000+ employees
- Large set of developer-focused APIs including routing, fleet management, mapping, weather, and more
- here.com and developer.here.com
The HERE Platform
- 260K direct developers, 3M indirect
- 80 Billion API calls a day
- 4 of 5 in-car navigation systems in Europe and NA use HERE maps
- 15k venues mapped globally
Studio
Build beautiful maps with no coding and your data
Data Hub
Host your geospatial data and access with powerful APIs
Studio
- No coding solution!
- But you may write code anyway. :)
- Find and add your data
- Design your map
- Share your map
- https://studio.here.com
Add-On Plan
- Paid upgrade
- Pricing
- Hexbins
- Schema Validation
- Activity Log
- Virtual Spaces
Why?
- You want to use Studio but your data isn't nice
- You like Studio but need more options
- You have non-map but location-related ideas! (think Voice Assistants)
- You need to do more
Data Hub
- Where your Studio data lives
- Lets you use your data for whatever you want
- CLI
- REST APIs
CLI
- Require Node.js (but no Node knowledge)
npm install -g @here/cli
- One time:
here configure
CLI (Cont)
- Work with spaces (CRUD)
- Work with tags, inspect spaces, data transformation
- Upload Shapefiles
- Stream large files
Tags
- Used for grouping/filtering
- Multiple tags can be assigned to a feature
- You can return features in a tag
Search
- More freedom than tagging
- Can do things like =, !=, <,>,<=,>=
- Can match a property against multiple values (OR)
- As well as multiple conditions (AND)
Search (CONT)
- On by default
- Modify what is searchable (paid tier)
- Also - geosearch (within circle/box)
REST APIs
- Everything I've already shown, but in HTTP form
- A bit more
- Token based security
- API Reference
(async () => {
const fetch = require('node-fetch');
const root = 'https://xyz.api.here.com/hub/';
const token = process.env.TOKEN;
spaceId = 'someSpace';
let features = await fetch(root + `spaces/${spaceId}/iterate`, {
headers: { Authorization: `Bearer ${token}` }
})
.then(res => res.json());
console.log(features);
})();
Customized Maps
- JavaScript Maps - Docs
- Customize Look and Feel
- Customize interactivity
- Customise markers
- And so on and so on...
The Basics
- Add JS/CSS libs
- Add a map object (centered on so and so)
var platform = new H.service.Platform({
apikey: 'api key'
});
// Obtain the default map types from the platform object:
var defaultLayers = platform.createDefaultLayers();
var map = new H.Map(
document.getElementById('mapContainer'),
defaultLayers.vector.normal.map,
{
zoom: 3,
center: { lat: 38.7984, lng: -96.3944 },
pixelRatio: window.devicePixelRatio || 1
}
);
var behavior = new H.mapevents.Behavior(new H.mapevents.MapEvents(map));
var ui = H.ui.UI.createDefault(map, defaultLayers);
The Basics
- Add JS/CSS libs
- Add a map object (centered on so and so)
- Add Data Hub
const service = platform.getXYZService({
token: 'data hub specific token',
});
const XYZ_SPACE = '73KBVoD8';
const mySpaceProvider =
new H.service.xyz.Provider(service, XYZ_SPACE, {});
const mySpaceLayer = new H.map.layer.TileLayer(mySpaceProvider);
// add a layer to the map
map.addLayer(mySpaceLayer);
Data Hub "Add-on"
- Paid tier (45 USD per month)
- Increases transfer + storage
- Better search support
- Virtual Spaces
- Hexbins
- Schema validation
- Activity Log
- Rules-based tagging
- Tutorial 1 and
Tutorial 2
Considerations
- Data can be tricky
- Play with Studio


Brick Async State Channels
Transcript By: Bryan Bishop
Category: Conference
Brick: Asynchronous State Channels
Georgia Avarikioti
https://twitter.com/kanzure/status/1230943445398614016
https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.11360
Introduction
I am going to be presenting on Brick for asynchronous state channels. This is joint work with my colleagues and my advisor. So far we have heard many things about payment channels and payment channel networks. They were focused on existing channel solutions. In this work, we focus on a different dimensions. We ask why do payment channels work the way they do, can we change the core design of payment channels to address some of the shortcomings. So we go back to the fundamentals of channels. We’ll do a brief introduction again.
Payment channels
Suppose we have Alice and Bob and they want to do transactions on the blockchain without posting the transactions on-chain. The reason for this is because there’s limited space on the blockchain and there’s high transactions. So they can create a joint channel on-chain and then from that point after they can work off-chain. They publish a funding or commitment transaction on-chain and then they can exchange transactions.
Watchtowers
Watchtowers act as proxies for the parties that hired them. If the user wants to go offline, then the watchtower will publish relevant data to dispute fraudulent transactions if the counterparty attempts fraud. However, there are attacks that watchtowers can’t defend against. These attacks are based on the synchronicity assumptions of the network. There could be censorship of the fraud-correcting transaction and a channel could be closed in a fraudulent state. This is a major shortcoming of payment channels. They are weaker than transacting on-chain. If you attack liveness on the blockchain, you can delay the inclusion of a transaction and an attacker can steal funds from channels. This all comes back to timing assumptions.
Asynchronous payment channels without timelocks
The idea of Brick is that it’s a new channel primitive that acts a priori. The security of payment channels is usually reactive. You wait for fraud to occur and then you correct it. Brick tries to prevent fraud from happening in the first place. The naive idea would be to move the watchtower into the channel and every time Alice and Bob do a transaction they send to the watchtower and if they want to close the channel they either go to Bob or to the watchtower to get a signature to close.
Watchtower committee
To increase the fault tolerance of the protocol, we introduce a watchtower committee that we assume has rational members. At most it can handle less than 1/3rd byzantine watchtowers. Alice would collect 2/3rds signatures to close the channel if Bob is not active. This design has some challenges, though. The first problem is that we don’t want to run consensus in the committee because that’s costly and would lower the performance of the channel. Also, privacy is destroyed. Usually payment channels are inherently private since only two parties are transacting. But here every person in the committee sees the balance of the channel which is bad. The third one is that we need to design rational incentives. The whole point of using the blockchain is to not rely on trusted third parties. We need Brick to work under rational conditions.
Consistent broadcast
Channels are already reached agreement on the state. Two parties need to reach agreement, and every state update is totally ordered. We can achieve properties of consensus by using consistent broadcast which is a protocol that has linear communication complexity to the size of the committee. It does not require any communication between the watchtowers. At this point what we do is we have Alice and Bob exchange signatures on the state and they send the state to the watchtowers and they get an acknowledgement from the watchtowers that they received the state. The committee acts as a shared memory for the parties.
Encrypted state
We solve the privacy issue by using encryption. The first functionality here is that we don’t really want Alice and Bob to have signatures on every update state. We don’t want them to hold a valid transaction that can be published on chain, otherwise we have the original problem. So we have them change the signatures on the hash, showing they agree on the state but they can’t do anything with this. Every party sends to the watchtower their hash of the state and their signatures proving that they agreed on this state, and then a counter that increments by one. Upon receiving these announcements, the watchtowers check that the counter is incremented, they check the signatures, and then they acknowledge receiving the announcement.
Brick architecture
Every time the two parties do an update, they exchange signatures on the hash of the new state. Upon receiving 2f+1 signatures from the watchtowers, they execute the state transition. Closing a brick channel is either in collaboration and they agree and publish a transaction that closes the channel, or one party can go to the committee and request a close. The watchtowers publish online the last stored hash which corresponds to the last update state. As soon as 2f+1 hashes are available, the party can collect the one that has the maximum counter and publishes the state that corresponds to the hash and then the Brick smart contract will close the contract in this space.
Brick security analysis
Assuming we have honest watchtowers, and we’re not yet in the rational model…. first we have to guarantee safety: that the Brick channel won’t close in a previous state. We have 2f+1 watchtowers that solve a previous state, right. Since there are 2f+1 watchtowers that sign the fresh committed state, there are at most f watchtowers that are slow. We need at least one honest watchtower from 2f+1 that has seen the fresh committed state, but chose to close on the previous one, but this is a contradiction because we assume the watchtower is honest. The brick channel is always secure if we assume honest watchtowers.
With a similar argument, we can prove that liveness holds because there will always be an honest watchtower. To have an uncommitted state, then that means a watchtower did not acknowledge a state, and it means one of the operations was invalid. The watchtowers only do verification checks.
Incentives
To design the incentives for Brick, we need to ask some fundamental questions like why would someone want to be a watchtower. The watchtowers are payment service providers. The only reason they do something is for profit. So we need to pay the watchtowers every time they act on something. Every time we have an update state, we pay a fee to the watchtower. This is not a fair-exchange problem. If Alice sends the fee before receiving the acknowledgement and the watchtower doesn’t respond, then Alice will never send to that watchtower again and we have f for tolerance. The watchtower will decrease if he doesn’t respond. This is the first mechanism.
With this update fee, we still have the problem that the watchtower has no incentive to close because he is only getting paid when the channel is live. So why would a watchtower assist with closing a channel in an honest state- the last committed state. This is the most crucial part. We could use collateral to solve this, but Alice coudl go to the watchtower committee, bribe them and close in a fraudulent state. If we need the counterparty to check this, then we need a timelock and a period where the counterparty has to return online. This is the original problem again. How can we do this with asynchronous channels?
Fraud proofs
We introduce fraud proofs to the scenario. The idea of a fraud proof is to have two signed conflicting states. Every time a watchtower sends an update of a state, he sends an acknowledgement. You can prove that the watchtower knowingly closed in a previous state. Once you have the fraud proof, you can go to the Brick smart contract and claim the collateral for the watchtower. The collateral must be high enough so that the party will always choose to claim the collateral instead of closing the channel in the wrong state. You must choose between closing the channel in the wrong state, or claiming the collateral. If the collateral is much larger, then we can guarantee a rational user would want the collateral. If we have less than the required number of fraud proofs, then we say that these watchtowers are acting maliciously, we remove them from the protocol and we run the protocol again and as long as we have 2f+1 honest behaving watchtowers, we can close normally.
To show that the party isn’t incentivized to close in an incorrect earlier state, we analyzed the strategy space for what a party can do. So we define the profit function which is how much money the party that is closing the channel will have at the end. This depends on how much money he will get from the channel balance, and how many fraud proofs he will send to the closing smart contract, and how many bribes he will give to watchtowers. The optimal strategy for a rational party would be to get the f fraud proofs from the byzantine watchtowers, they provide the fraud proof for free, then submit to the smart contract, and finally close in the correct state.
The high-level intuiton behind this is that every time we bribe a watchtower, we need to use marginally more than the collateral we would get back. If we use the byzantine watchtowers to close the channels, then we would lose the whole amount of the collateral that we would have been gaining for free.
Watchtower collusion
Watchtowers could collude to hold funds hostage. In this case, we give the watchtowers that publish on chain the hash of the state to close. We give this to 2f+1 watchtowers a closing fee. In this way, we reduce our problem to a prisoner’s dilemma problem.
But what if the parties actually collude to hold the watchtowers hostage? To solve this problem, we increase the committee size to at least size 8. If the committee is size 7, then this means the byzantine watchtowers can be at most 2. The collateral that every watchtower will lock will be v/2 so half the value of the channel. But since we have two parties, one of the parties at every point in time will have at least half the value of the channel. So the richest party will always lose more to lock his funds than what every watchtower will be …. So the richest party is always incentivized to close.
It’s better to have more watchtowers. The first reason is that we have high robustness. The second reason is that we have less collateral per watchtower because we want the collateral to be the same in the sum but it doesn’t depend on the size of the committee. Third and most important, we notice that the cost for the parties remain the same because the main cost for the parties is from the updates, so the update fees. The update fees would logically depend on how much collateral the watchtower is locking in the channel lifetime.
Conclusion
We showed a new channel primitive called Brick. This channel primitive is privacy-preserving, it is incentive-compatible, it has good performance and it’s also asynchronous which means it can withstand liveness attacks such as censorship and congestion.
Limitations
As before, we need collateral which is going to be true for any incentive-compatible solution with watchtowers and channels. The reason for this is simple. We also prove a lower bound of the collateral and this is the value of the channel. If we have watchtowers that lock less value than in the channel, then a party can make profit by bribing watchtowers and closing the channel and claiming all the money in the channel. We can’t prove security in that case.
We update fees through a one-way channel. The reason we do that is because if we give the fees with a state update, then the two parties can close the channel collaboratively and never give the fees to the watchtower.
We also provide some extensions to Brick: we allow for watchtower replacement. If the watchtower wants to withdraw service before the closing of the channel, he can find a willing candidate and replace his own identity with a new watchtower and then change the collaterals. The other extension we provide is auditability. We present Brick+ for permissioned blockchains… it allows an entity to audit the state history. To do this, we don’t allow the two parties to close the channel in collaboration. We force the parties to close the channels by using the watchtower, otherwise the two parties can collaborate and lie to the auditor.
We can change the way we close the channel and have one-off consensus. Before the close of the channel, the watchtower committee can run a consensus protocols. This makes Brick resilient to forks. Even if an attacker can temporarily attack the persistence of the blockchain, meaning he can fork deep enough into the chain, even in this case Brick remains secure because if we have consensus then the only state we can ever close is the last committed state. That would hold true even if the attacker reverts the closure of the channel because the only available closure state will always be this one.
Future work
We have proven Brick security but right now it only holds for two parties. The reason for this is that the closing of the channel with the incentives requires that if more than f fraud proofs are submitted to the Brick smart contract, then we close and we give all the channel balance to the counterparty. Doing this with multiple parties is difficult. We have to find a channel balance at a point, and we need watchtowers that behave honestly. That’s left for future work.
Sponsorship: These transcripts are sponsored by Blockchain Commons.
Disclaimer: These are unpaid transcriptions, performed in real-time and in-person during the actual source presentation. Due to personal time constraints they are usually not reviewed against the source material once published. Errors are possible. If the original author/speaker or anyone else finds errors of substance, please email me at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for corrections or contribute online via github/git. I sometimes add annotations to the transcription text. These will always be denoted by a standard editor’s note in parenthesis brackets ((like this)), or in a numbered footnote. I welcome feedback and discussion of these as well.
Tweet: Transcript: “Brick: Asynchronous State Channels” https://diyhpl.us/wiki/transcripts/stanford-blockchain-conference/2020/brick-async-state-channels/ @ETH_en @CBRStanford #SBC20


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Classes
Type Definitions
DocumentTaggerSettings
Settings for DocumentTagger.
Type:
- Object
Properties:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
autoIncrement |
String | The auto-increment field to tag onto the stream object. |
ignoreNonObject |
Boolean | If |
readableObjectMode |
Boolean | If |
objectMode |
Boolean | If |
filter |
function | Function to filter the objects in the stream.
Return |
mutate |
function | Object | Function or Object to mutate the stream.
If an Object is provided, each stream object will be mutated with the
|
- Source:
MongooseStreamSettings
Settings for MongooseStream.
Type:
- Object
Properties:
| Name | Type | Attributes | Default | Description |
|---|---|---|---|---|
itemWaterMark |
Number |
<optional> |
50 | The number of item collected before writing to mongodb. |
passThrough |
Boolean | If |
||
model |
mongoose.Model |
- Source:


Expert opinion (or judgment) is a body of techniques to estimate the distribution of a random variable when data is scarce or unavailable. Opinions on the quantiles of the distribution are sought from experts in the field and aggregated into a final estimate. The package supports aggregation by means of the Cooke, Mendel-Sheridan and predefined weights models.
| Version: | 1.0-0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 2.6.0), stats |
| Published: | 2008-10-02 |
| Author: | Mathieu Pigeon, Michel Jacques, Vincent Goulet |
| Maintainer: | Mathieu Pigeon <mathieu.pigeon.3 at ulaval.ca> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | expert results |
| Reference manual: | expert.pdf |
| Package source: | expert_1.0-0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: expert_1.0-0.zip, r-release: expert_1.0-0.zip, r-oldrel: expert_1.0-0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: expert_1.0-0.tgz, r-oldrel: expert_1.0-0.tgz |
| Old sources: | expert archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=expert to link to this page.


Dropdowns
Single button dropdowns
Any single .btn
can be turned into a dropdown
toggle with some markup changes. Here’s how you can put them to work
with either <button>
elements:
Variant
The best part is you can do this with any button variant, too:
Split button dropdowns
The best part is you can do this with any button variant, too:
Sizing
Button dropdowns work with buttons of all sizes, including default and split dropdown buttons.
Dropup variation
Trigger dropdown menus above elements
by adding .dropup
to the parent
element.
Menu alignment
Add .dropdown-menu-right
to a .dropdown-menu
to right
align the dropdown menu.
Dropright variation
Trigger dropdown menus at the right of the elements by adding .dropright
to the parent element.
Dropleft variation
Trigger dropdown menus at the right of the elements by adding .dropleft
to the parent element.


Telegram Passport data is stored encrypted End-to-End which means that the Telegram server does not have access to the data and only functions as a storage for encrypted data it can't decipher. Encryption and decryption are handled exclusively by the Telegram clients, which are open source.
To encrypt each particular element of Telegram Passport, the client generates a random secret. The secret is a 32-byte number with the modulo 255 sum of bytes equal to 239. This secret is in turn encrypted with the passport_secret that is generated when the user creates their Telegram Passport. passport_secret is encrypted with the user's password and is stored encrypted in the Telegram Cloud.
The passport secret is one of the secret parameters used to encrypt the data uploaded by the user to the Telegram Cloud.
When first setting up Telegram Passport it must be created, encrypted and uploaded as described in Passport Secret Encryption.
When using Telegram Passport normally, it must be downloaded and decrypted for use as described in Passport Secret Decryption.
The passport secret must also be downloaded, re-encrypted and re-uploaded as described in Passport Secret Encryption if a new, more secure encryption algorithm is defined in a newer version of Telegram or the 2FA password is updated.
First of all, server-side passport parameters are fetched, scheme:
account.password#ad2641f8 flags:# has_recovery:flags.0?true has_secure_values:flags.1?true has_password:flags.2?true current_algo:flags.2?PasswordKdfAlgo srp_B:flags.2?bytes srp_id:flags.2?long hint:flags.3?string email_unconfirmed_pattern:flags.4?string new_algo:PasswordKdfAlgo new_secure_algo:SecurePasswordKdfAlgo secure_random:bytes = account.Password;
securePasswordKdfAlgoUnknown#4a8537 = SecurePasswordKdfAlgo;
securePasswordKdfAlgoPBKDF2HMACSHA512iter100000#bbf2dda0 salt:bytes = SecurePasswordKdfAlgo;
securePasswordKdfAlgoSHA512#86471d92 salt:bytes = SecurePasswordKdfAlgo;
---functions---
account.getPassword#548a30f5 = account.Password;
When Telegram Passport is first used, the client generates a passport_secret (a 32-byte number with the modulo 255 sum of bytes equal to 239), using a part of server-generated random secure_random from account.password as an additional source of entropy for OpenSSL (when re-encrypting the passport_secret with a more secure algorithm or after a 2FA password change, the previous passport_secret is used, instead). Then passport_secret is then encrypted using the user's password and hashed using the scheme and parameters specified in the new_algo field of account.password.
The server should always return a securePasswordKdfAlgoPBKDF2HMACSHA512iter100000
constructor in the new_algo
field.
If securePasswordKdfAlgoUnknown
is returned, the remotely stored secret is encrypted using a new algorithm, not supported by the current client: the user should update their app.
The other constructors may be used only when decrypting old passport parameters generated by a legacy client; in this case, the passport secret should be re-encrypted and updated using new_algo
.
First of all, a fingerprint of the secret is calculated ( passport_secret_fingerprint ):
passport_secret_fingerprint = long( slice( SHA256( passport_secret ), 0, 8 ) )
Next the user's 2FA plaintext password
is hashed using the specified algorithm.
securePasswordKdfAlgoPBKDF2HMACSHA512iter100000
To make the password hashes stored on the server more resilient to brute-force attacks while maintaining practical speeds on the range of devices popular among Telegram users, PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA512 with 100000 iterations is used:
server_passport_salt = new_algo.salt
client_passport_salt = random_bytes(32)
passport_secret_salt = server_passport_salt + client_passport_salt
password_hash = PBKDF2( password, passport_secret_salt, HMACSHA512, 100000)
The secret_key
and iv
parameters are extracted from the generated password_hash
secret_key = slice( password_hash, 0, 32 )
iv = slice( password_hash, 32, 16 )
The passport_secret generated previously is encrypted using AES256-CBC with the key secret_key and iv:
encrypted_passport_secret = AES256_CBC_ENC(passport_secret, secret_key, iv)
The encrypted_passport_secret is stored on the server together with the passport_secret_salt and the fingerprint of the secret passport_secret_fingerprint: Scheme:
boolFalse#bc799737 = Bool;
boolTrue#997275b5 = Bool;
inputCheckPasswordSRP#d27ff082 srp_id:long A:bytes M1:bytes = InputCheckPasswordSRP;
securePasswordKdfAlgoPBKDF2HMACSHA512iter100000#bbf2dda0 salt:bytes = SecurePasswordKdfAlgo;
secureSecretSettings#1527bcac secure_algo:SecurePasswordKdfAlgo secure_secret:bytes secure_secret_id:long = SecureSecretSettings;
account.passwordInputSettings#c23727c9 flags:# new_algo:flags.0?PasswordKdfAlgo new_password_hash:flags.0?bytes hint:flags.0?string email:flags.1?string new_secure_settings:flags.2?SecureSecretSettings = account.PasswordInputSettings;
---functions---
account.updatePasswordSettings#a59b102f password:InputCheckPasswordSRP new_settings:account.PasswordInputSettings = Bool;
The client calls account.updatePasswordSettings.
password
parameter is generated using the user's 2FA password as per updating the 2FA password.new_settings
should contain only the new_secure_setting
parameter with the secureSecretSettings.The secureSecretSettings constructor is generated thusly:
secure_algo
is set to the new_algo
field of account.password, used to generate the encrypted passport secret: salt
is substituted with passport_secret_salt
secure_secret
is set to the new encrypted_passport_secret
secure_secret_id
is set to the new passport_secret_fingerprint
Subsequently, the client receives the encrypted passport_secret from the server and decrypts it after the user enters their password ».
In case the password is changed or a more secure algorithm is introduced in an update of the API, the client re-encrypts the passport_secret using the new password. If the password is disabled, all Telegram Passport data is lost.
Scheme:
securePasswordKdfAlgoUnknown#4a8537 = SecurePasswordKdfAlgo;
securePasswordKdfAlgoPBKDF2HMACSHA512iter100000#bbf2dda0 salt:bytes = SecurePasswordKdfAlgo;
securePasswordKdfAlgoSHA512#86471d92 salt:bytes = SecurePasswordKdfAlgo;
secureSecretSettings#1527bcac secure_algo:SecurePasswordKdfAlgo secure_secret:bytes secure_secret_id:long = SecureSecretSettings;
account.passwordSettings#9a5c33e5 flags:# email:flags.0?string secure_settings:flags.1?SecureSecretSettings = account.PasswordSettings;
---functions---
account.getPasswordSettings#9cd4eaf9 password:InputCheckPasswordSRP = account.PasswordSettings;
The client requests the user's 2FA password and generates the SRP paramaters to be passed to account.getPasswordSettings.
If the password is correct, an account.passwordSettings constructor with secureSecretSettings is returned.
encrypted_passport_secret
, passport_secret_fingerprint
parameters are extracted from the secureSecretSettings constructor:
encrypted_passport_secret = secureSecretSettings.secure_secret
passport_secret_fingerprint = secureSecretSettings.secure_id
The combined passport_secret_salt
is extracted from the SecurePasswordKdfAlgo.
passport_secret_salt = SecurePasswordKdfAlgo.salt
Similar to passport secret encryption, the following process is used to decrypt and verify the encrypted_passport_secret
:
The user's 2FA plaintext password
is hashed using the specified algorithm.
securePasswordKdfAlgoPBKDF2HMACSHA512iter100000 To make the password hashes stored on the server more resilient to brute-force attacks while maintaining practical speeds on the range of devices popular among Telegram users, PBKDF2-HMAC-SHA512 with 100000 iterations is used:
password_hash = PBKDF2( password, passport_secret_salt, HMACSHA512, 100000)
securePasswordKdfAlgoSHA512 This mode can only be found in hashes generated by legacy clients: hashes generated with this mode must be re-encrypted and updated using securePasswordKdfAlgoPBKDF2HMACSHA512iter100000 as described in Passport Secret Encryption.
password_hash = SHA512( passport_secret_salt + password + passport_secret_salt )
The secret_key
and iv
parameters are extracted from the generated password_hash
secret_key = slice( password_hash, 0, 32 )
iv = slice( password_hash, 32, 16 )
The encrypted_passport_secret is decrypted using AES256-CBC with the key secret_key and iv:
passport_secret = AES256_CBC_DEC(encrypted_passport_secret, secret_key, iv)
The passport_secret is verified by generating and checking the fingerprint:
my_passport_secret_fingerprint = long( slice( SHA256( passport_secret ), 0, 8 ) )
The client must verify that passport_secret_fingerprint is indeed equal to my_passport_secret_fingerprint.
The passport_secret can now be used to decrypt encrypted passport data stored on telegram servers:
To encrypt Telegram Passport data, the client generates a data_secret (a 32-byte number with the modulo 255 sum of bytes equal to 239). The the data is encrypted according to the following scheme:
Data is padded to a length that is divisible by 16 bytes. To achieve this, 32 to 255 bytes are added at the beginning, where the first byte always holds the number of added bytes and the rest are random.
We calculate the hash from this data data_hash:
data_hash = SHA256( data_bytes )
The encryption key data_key is calculated:
data_secret_hash = SHA512( data_secret + data_hash )
data_key = slice( data_secret_hash, 0, 32 )
iv = slice( data_secret_hash, 32, 16 )
Data is encrypted using AES256-CBC with the key data_key and iv:
encrypted_data = AES256_CBC_ENC(data, data_key, iv)
secret_key, the key for encrypting the data_secret, is calculated:
secret_hash = SHA512( passport_secret + data_hash )
secret_key = slice( secret_hash, 0, 32 )
iv = slice( secret_hash, 32, 16 )
data_secret is encrypted using AES256-CBC with the key secret_key and iv:
encrypted_data_secret = AES256_CBC_ENC(data_secret, secret_key, iv)
encrypted_data together with the encrypted_data_secret and data_hash are saved on the server:
Scheme:
inputSecureFileUploaded#3334b0f0 id:long parts:int md5_checksum:string file_hash:bytes secret:bytes = InputSecureFile;
inputSecureFile#5367e5be id:long access_hash:long = InputSecureFile;
secureValueTypePersonalDetails#9d2a81e3 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypePassport#3dac6a00 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeDriverLicense#6e425c4 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeIdentityCard#a0d0744b = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeInternalPassport#99a48f23 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeAddress#cbe31e26 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeUtilityBill#fc36954e = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeBankStatement#89137c0d = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeRentalAgreement#8b883488 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypePassportRegistration#99e3806a = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeTemporaryRegistration#ea02ec33 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypePhone#b320aadb = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeEmail#8e3ca7ee = SecureValueType;
securePlainPhone#7d6099dd phone:string = SecurePlainData;
securePlainEmail#21ec5a5f email:string = SecurePlainData;
secureData#8aeabec3 data:bytes data_hash:bytes secret:bytes = SecureData;
inputSecureValue#db21d0a7 flags:# type:SecureValueType data:flags.0?SecureData front_side:flags.1?InputSecureFile reverse_side:flags.2?InputSecureFile selfie:flags.3?InputSecureFile translation:flags.6?Vector<InputSecureFile> files:flags.4?Vector<InputSecureFile> plain_data:flags.5?SecurePlainData = InputSecureValue;
---functions---
account.saveSecureValue#899fe31d value:InputSecureValue secure_secret_id:long = SecureValue;
account.saveSecureValue must be used to save an encrypted passport value of a certain type.
The secure_secret_id
parameter must be set to the passport_secret_fingerprint
of the passport_secret
used to encrypt the data_secret
.
The inputSecureValue constructor contains info about passport data of a certain type
, identified by the chosen SecureValueType constructor.
Depending on the chosen type, encrypted data will have to be stored into a secureData constructor, uploaded as an InputSecureFile, or in the case of email addresses and phone numbers, verified and provided in a SecurePlainData constructor. For more info on each mode, and when each one should be used, read on.
secureData#8aeabec3 data:bytes data_hash:bytes secret:bytes = SecureData;
data
is an encrypted and padded (see Encryption) JSON-serialized object of one of the following types: PersonalDetails, IdDocumentData, ResidentialAddress, depending on the chosen type.
Data must be in JSON format and not TL, as it has to be passed directly to the service using E2E encryption, without the bot API middleman to convert TL objects.data_hash
is the data_hashsecret
is the encrypted_data_secretData is an encrypted and padded JSON-serialized object of one of the specified JSON types, depending on the chosen type.
inputSecureFileUploaded#3334b0f0 id:long parts:int md5_checksum:string file_hash:bytes secret:bytes = InputSecureFile;
inputSecureFile#5367e5be id:long access_hash:long = InputSecureFile;
---functions---
upload.saveFilePart#b304a621 file_id:long file_part:int bytes:bytes = Bool;
Files (JPG format, max. 10MB) are encrypted and padded (see Encryption), and then uploaded chunk by chunk as described in files », except that instead of generating an inputFile, an inputSecureFile should be generated, instead.
md5_checksum
is to be set to the MD5 hash of the encrypted file, for a server-side integrity check.file_hash
field should be set to the data_hash of the data.secret
field is the encrypted_data_secret.securePlainPhone#7d6099dd phone:string = SecurePlainData;
securePlainEmail#21ec5a5f email:string = SecurePlainData;
---functions---
account.sendVerifyPhoneCode#a5a356f9 phone_number:string settings:CodeSettings = auth.SentCode;
account.verifyPhone#4dd3a7f6 phone_number:string phone_code_hash:string phone_code:string = Bool;
account.sendVerifyEmailCode#7011509f email:string = account.SentEmailCode;
account.verifyEmail#ecba39db email:string code:string = Bool;
auth.resendCode#3ef1a9bf phone_number:string phone_code_hash:string = auth.SentCode;
auth.cancelCode#1f040578 phone_number:string phone_code_hash:string = Bool;
The email/phone is passed in plaintext using the respective SecurePlainData constructor. To verify a phone number or email and use it in Telegram Passport, use the appropriate methods:
The flow is similar to the one used for logging in:
account.sendVerify*Code
methodaccount.verify*
methodFor more info, see the authorization docs.
inputSecureFileUploaded#3334b0f0 id:long parts:int md5_checksum:string file_hash:bytes secret:bytes = InputSecureFile;
inputSecureFile#5367e5be id:long access_hash:long = InputSecureFile;
secureValueTypePersonalDetails#9d2a81e3 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypePassport#3dac6a00 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeDriverLicense#6e425c4 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeIdentityCard#a0d0744b = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeInternalPassport#99a48f23 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeAddress#cbe31e26 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeUtilityBill#fc36954e = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeBankStatement#89137c0d = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeRentalAgreement#8b883488 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypePassportRegistration#99e3806a = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeTemporaryRegistration#ea02ec33 = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypePhone#b320aadb = SecureValueType;
secureValueTypeEmail#8e3ca7ee = SecureValueType;
securePlainPhone#7d6099dd phone:string = SecurePlainData;
securePlainEmail#21ec5a5f email:string = SecurePlainData;
secureData#8aeabec3 data:bytes data_hash:bytes secret:bytes = SecureData;
inputSecureValue#db21d0a7 flags:# type:SecureValueType data:flags.0?SecureData front_side:flags.1?InputSecureFile reverse_side:flags.2?InputSecureFile selfie:flags.3?InputSecureFile translation:flags.6?Vector<InputSecureFile> files:flags.4?Vector<InputSecureFile> plain_data:flags.5?SecurePlainData = InputSecureValue;
The scheme for the inputSecureValue constructor defines the constructor to use for each field.
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| type | SecureValueType | Secure passport value type |
| data | flags.0?SecureData | Encrypted Telegram Passport element data |
| front_side | flags.1?InputSecureFile | Encrypted passport file with the front side of the document |
| reverse_side | flags.2?InputSecureFile | Encrypted passport file with the reverse side of the document |
| selfie | flags.3?InputSecureFile | Encrypted passport file with a selfie of the user holding the document |
| translation | flags.6?Vector<InputSecureFile> | Array of encrypted passport files with translated versions of the provided documents |
| files | flags.4?Vector<InputSecureFile> | Array of encrypted passport files with photos the of the documents |
| plain_data | flags.5?SecurePlainData | Plaintext verified passport data |
Here's a list of possible SecureValueTypes, and the parameters that can be set/requested when using each type.
| Type | Allowed fields |
|---|---|
| secureValueTypeEmail | plain_data |
| secureValueTypePhone | plain_data |
| secureValueTypePersonalDetails | data |
| secureValueTypePassport | data , front_side , selfie , translation |
| secureValueTypeDriverLicense | data , front_side , reverse_side , selfie , translation |
| secureValueTypeIdentityCard | data , front_side , reverse_side , selfie , translation |
| secureValueTypeInternalPassport | data , front_side , selfie , translation |
| secureValueTypeAddress | data |
| secureValueTypeUtilityBill | files , translation |
| secureValueTypeBankStatement | files , translation |
| secureValueTypeRentalAgreement | files , translation |
| secureValueTypePassportRegistration | files , translation |
| secureValueTypeTemporaryRegistration | files , translation |
---functions---
account.getAllSecureValues#b288bc7d = Vector<SecureValue>;
account.getSecureValue#73665bc2 types:Vector<SecureValueType> = Vector<SecureValue>;
account.deleteSecureValue#b880bc4b types:Vector<SecureValueType> = Bool;
The above methods can be used to fetch or remove encrypted Telegram Passport files stored in the Telegram Cloud by document type.
When a service requests data, it passes a nonce to the client. The nonce is a cryptographically secure unique identifier which allows the service to identify a request when receiving data as well as confirm the integrity of the data. The Telegram server doesn't have access to this nonce.
Once the user authorizes the Telegram Passport data transfer, the client forms the credentials (Credentials JSON object). Credentials contain the data_hash and data_secret from each element of Telegram Passport to which the user has allowed access. In addition to this, the credentials will always contain the nonce that the client received from the service at the initiation of the request.
Credentials are then passed to the service through the Bot API in encrypted form. To encrypt the credentials, the client generates a credentials_secret (a 32-byte number with the modulo 255 sum of bytes equal to 239). Then the credentials are encrypted according to the following scheme:
Credentials are padded to a length which is divisible by 16 bytes. To achieve this, 32 to 255 bytes are added at the beginning, where the first byte always holds the number of added bytes and the rest are random.
A hash of the padded credentials credentials_hash is calculated:
credentials_hash = SHA256( credentials )
The encryption key credentials_key is calculated:
credentials_secret_hash = SHA512( credentials_secret + credentials_hash )
credentials_key = slice( credentials_secret_hash, 0, 32 )
iv = slice( credentials_secret_hash, 32, 16 )
Credentials are encrypted using AES256-CBC with the key credentials_key and iv.
encrypted_credentials = AES256-CBC-ENC(credentials, credentials_key, iv)
credentials_secret is encrypted with the public RSA-key of the service with OPENSSL_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING.
encrypted_credentials_secret = RSA-ENC(credentials_secret, key, OPENSSL_PKCS1_OAEP_PADDING)
The encrypted credentials are passed to the service via the MTProto API together with the encrypred credentials_secret and credentials_hash. Along with the credentials, the service receives from the Telegram Cloud the data it requested in encrypted form. See Submitting the Passport Form and PassportData:
secureCredentialsEncrypted#33f0ea47 data:bytes hash:bytes secret:bytes = SecureCredentialsEncrypted;
data
is the encrypted_credentials
hash
is the credentials_hash
secret
is the encrypted_credentials_secret
Then the service decrypts the data as described here.


Boilerplate for simple html demos, Include sass compilation, image optimization and js tests.
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Here is a list of all documented files with brief descriptions:
| generated_docs [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/chipmunk.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/chipmunk_types.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/chipmunk_unsafe.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/cpArbiter.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/cpBB.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/cpBody.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/cpPolyShape.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/cpShape.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/cpSpace.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/cpSpatialIndex.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/cpVect.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpConstraint.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpDampedRotarySpring.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpDampedSpring.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpGearJoint.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpGrooveJoint.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpPinJoint.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpPivotJoint.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpRatchetJoint.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpRotaryLimitJoint.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpSimpleMotor.h [code] | |
| include/chipmunk/constraints/cpSlideJoint.h [code] | |


With a name like wolfREPAY, our services are known and trusted in over 52 countries. We are a leader and an innovator in secure repayments. It's no wonder we are the preferred choice of fortune 500 companies globally.
Are platform features very inuitive design allowing ease of use.
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"Simply...amazing!


This web application takes your birth details in form of day,month,year and week. It does the calculation and give you your Akan name according to the day of the week you were born.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block content %}
Demo implementations of Twilio's Account Security Products: Lookup, Verify (Phone Verification) and Authy (Two-factor authentication)


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Sports coach »France» Hauts-de-France »Nord»
Hama,24 years old
Lille
ID Ownsport : 00000
Discovery session at 19 €?
Training
ES staple license
Experience
Crossfit coach assistant
Badminton Coach
Former high level athlete
Sports coach on Ecault
and Lille (59)
Hama, sports coach on Ecault and Lille offers Crossfit classes in Lille. Sportsman and passionate since always I put myself at your disposal to make you share my passion of the sport and the desire to surpass myself!
Holder of a license STAPS sports training and master 1 sport training, I am able to ensure quality sessions in strengthening, but also in cardio training and fitness.
At first, we will evaluate together your objectives and your performances in order to propose you 100% personalized sessions.
"Whatever you can do or dream to do, start it!"
Do not hesitate to contact OWNSPORT!
Your sports coach on Ecault and Lille (59), for a follow-up of your performances and Crossfit sessions in Lille


Forget Battered Mars Bars - Battered Quality Street are the Future
by Shabana ArifHere in 2019, we don't bother frying whole chocolate bars anymore – well not at Poppies fish 'n' chip shop in Camden at least.
Throughout December, you'll be able to stroll into Poppies of Soho's Camden locale and order yourself a bag of battered Quality Street in place of your cod and chips - or as well as, depending on how hungry you are.
 Enjoy your battered orange, and strawberry nightmares.
The treats/abominations will be available from December 1 to 25 and is sure to cause many a heart attack - or come very close. [Londonist]


line height is specified in terms of the size of the h1 font. TODO Note that this doesn't really work in the Word rendering - puts space above, but not below. There really are no options in WordprocessingML to specify line height. I think that the only possible way that this could be implemented would be to specifically calculate the space before and space after. I'm not completely sure that this could be possible. I am pretty sure that this is not worth the effort.


Summary
To summarize, anime has been around for many years and has progressed significantly since the 1900s. It has penetrated American media, first with AstroBoy and then further with Dragon Ball Z. Its presence has become a strong one after entering despite poor attempts at localization or censorship. Although some things derived from anime and its culture aren’t particularly beneficial, people have been able to derive a great many positive values, ideas, and teachings as well.


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Chicago Bulls
National Champion
1991, 1992, 1993, 1996, 1997, 1998
Overall Ranking
25
Boston Celtics
National Champion
2000
Overall Ranking
15
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