This is a reading of Program2Tutor by Tongu Mu, Karan Goel and Emma Brunskill.
Problem:
Determining topic relationships and statistical student learning modeling is a comlpex process.
Prior Work:
1. Prerequisite or knowledge graph of the related matericl can be automatically constructed given an algorithmic representation of the underlying material.
2. How to automatically progress a student through a knowledge graph with minimal assumptions about a model of the underlying student learning process.
Contribution:
1. Preliminary work on uniting the idea of automatically generating a knowledge graph and progressing a student while learning.
2. Novel approach for identifying the initial background knowledge of the learner.
In this work, the authors unify the ideas of automatic curriculum generation from execution traces and automatic problem selection using reinforcement learning techniques.
Specifically, they use multi-armed bandit algorithm for problem selection (ZPDES) as it is less reliant than other methods on the underlying student learning model which can be advantageous.
Additionally, the authors build on prior work in probabilistically detecting the knowledge boundary of the student and present a novel approach to determine the initial knowledge state of the student within the curriculum.
Automatic Curriculum Generation from Execution Traces
Let \( n \) be any positive integer. We say that a trace \( T_{1}\) is at least as complex as trace \( T_{2} \) if every n-gram of trace \( T_{2} \) is also present in trace \( T_{1}\).
Progressing Students Using Multi-Armed Bandits
This algorithm at each timestep selects a problem from within the set of problem types on the boundary of the student's knowledge, or the ZPD, that it predicts will give the most most reward, which is measured in terms of student learning progress.
On initialization, all problems start with an initial unnormalized weight \( w_{a} = w_{i}\). The weights are normalized to ensure a proper probability distribution:
The weights of the problems \( w_{a}\) in the ZPD are normalized and denoted as \( w_{a}^{n} \) and with probability \( p_{a} = w_{a}^{n}(1 - \gamma) + \gamma \frac{1}{|ZPD|}\), where \( a \in ZPD\).
Once a problem is selected, it is presented to the student and correctness of the student answer for the \( i^{th}\) time the problem is presented is recorded as \( C_{i}\).
References
B. Clement, D. Roy, P.-Y. Oudeyer, and M. Lopes. Multi-armed bandits for intelligent tutoring systems. JEDM-Journal of Educational Data Mining, 7(n), 2015.


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Citrus and Arquillian both refer to themselves as integration test frameworks. Following from that you might think these frameworks somehow ship the same package but this is not the case. In fact the frameworks work brilliant together when it comes to automate the integration testing of JEE applications.
Arquillian has a focus on simplifying the archive deployment with the ability to run integration test cases inside the boundaries of an application container. The tests are literally part of a server deployment. This approach brings great advantages such as accessing deployment and container resources within the test case. The application is deployed to a real application server (e.g. Tomcat, Wildfly) which is a good idea as we then also test our application server configuration and we load the application with all container managed resources such as database connections, JNDI resources and so on. Secondly the test case itself is able to directly use the container managed resources with injection in the Arquillian test case which is a great thing to do! It becomes very easy to invoke your services in a close to production nature then.
Citrus primarily has the objective to simplify the usage of different messaging transports in a test case. Citrus offers ready to use components for sending and receiving messages as a client or server and helps to design a message flow across multiple service calls.
In combination the two frameworks manage complex integration test scenarios that perform fully automated. And this is what we want to have at the end of a day - fully automated integration tests. The magic is possible since Arquillian offers a great extension mechanism and Citrus provides an Arquillian extension module. Once the extension is enabled in your Arquillian project you can use Citrus features and components within a your Arquillian test case.
Lets have a look at this with a small example:
The extension configuration is placed in the basic Arquillian descriptor called arquillian.xml. We use the citrus qualifier so the settings are automatically loaded with the Citrus extension.
For now the possible extension settings are:
- citrusVersion: The explicit version of Citrus that should be used. Be sure to have the same library version available in your project (e.g. as Maven dependency). This property is optional. By default the extension just uses the latest stable version.
- autoPackage: When true (default setting) the extension will automatically add Citrus libraries and all transitive dependencies to the test deployment. This automatically enables you to use the Citrus API inside the Arquillian test even when the test is executed inside the application container.
- suiteName: This optional setting defines the name of the test suite that is used for the Citrus test run. When using before/after suite functionality in Citrus this setting might be of interest.
- configurationClass: Full qualified Java class name of customized Citrus Spring bean configuration to use when loading the Citrus Spring application context. As a user you can define a custom Citrus configuration with this optional setting.
So we also need to add the Citrus Maven dependency to our project:
The dependency automatically adds the required Citrus core dependencies so you are ready to work with Citrus framework components. In case you want to use special Citrus components like JMS, FTP, Mail or something like that you need to add these modules each separately to your Maven POM, too. For now we want to use Http clients and the Citrus Java DSL so lets add the dependencies for that.
Now we are ready to integrate Citrus in a first Arquillian test case:
As you can see this is a normal Arquillian JUnit test case. We are running the test in client mode with the @RunAsClient annotation. As the Citrus extension is active in background we are able to inject the framework instance with the @CitrusFramework annotation. The Citrus framework instance is automatically loaded and configured with all necessary settings in background when the Arquillian test starts. As usual we can build the deployment archive with our server resources that we need to test and we have access to @ArquillianResource annotated resources such as the REST service endpoint URI of our application.
The test method itself is provided with a @CitrusTest annotated method parameter that represents the Citrus execution test builder. This is a Java DSL representation of what Citrus has to offer when it comes to sending and receiving messages over various message transports. The Citrus Arquillian extension will automatically inject this method parameter so we can use it inside the test method block in order to define the Citrus test logic.
Basically we invoke the deployed REST service with Citrus using the Java DSL send and receive methods. Each receive operation in Citrus also triggers the message validation mechanism. This includes a syntax check in case of SOAP and XML messages with a WSDL or XSD given and a semantic check on received message body and header values. The tester is able to give an expected message template that is used as comparison template. Citrus is able to deeply walk through XML or JSON message payloads comparing elements, attributes, namespaces and values. In case the received message response does not match the given message template the Arquillian test case will fail with respective validation errors. For now lets keep it simple so we just expect some Http response status codes in the receive operations. The last receive operation expects a very simple XML message payload with the newly added employee data.
With the ability to send and receive messages via Http REST we simply invoke the deployed service endpoint and validate its outcome. With a sequence of send and receive operations in Citrus we can build complex message flows with multiple service endpoints involved.
That’s it we have successfully combined both frameworks. Arquillian helps us to deploy and run our application inside an application container and we have easy access to managed resources. Citrus is able to invoke the services via Http with powerful validation of the received response messages. This is just a very simple sample for now as I just wanted to show the basic setup. Based on this knowledge we can continue with a more complex test scenario. We will start to use Arquillian in container testing mode and we will start to use more complex Citrus server components in one of my next posts. Stay tuned!


John E. Hoover
Berkley, MI 48072
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>–<PHONE_NUMBER> (c)
Personal Statement
A procedure and goal driven, proactive, self–starter looking to procure a challenging position that will utilize and expand his present skills and abilities. Hands on experience and background in Team Building, Leadership, and Technology.
 Small Business, Yahoo! Sponsored Search, Overture ––>
Work Experience
Little Man ConsultingJul 01 – Present
Database Developer/Web Developer
- Developed web sites and pages for the Internet/Intranet for information and data tracking uses
- Developed as well as implemented a variety of Content Management Systems (CMS)
- Worked directly with client to design and develop Access based relational databases (multi user environment) and user interface to their specifications
- Created complex Flash based applications for tracking customer sales and information
- Developed Flash with ActionScript for audio and video display as well as splash screens
- Provided technical support for hardware, software and network
- Created MySQL databases with a PHP front–end
- Created SQL databases with ASP and ASP.NET front–end
- Managed many Search Engine placing as well as Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
- Developed training materials
- Administered training sessions on a myriad of subjects
- Hired, trained, supervised and mentored sales people, web developers and designers
- Motivated staff to meet/exceed established sales goals and objectives by developing effective sales incentives.
Environment – PHP 5, ASP, ASP.Net, Ajax, ColdFusion, Flash, ActionScript, MySQL, SQL Server, MySQL, AngularJS, BackboneJS, JQuery, jQuery Mobile, Prototype, Joomla
InterproMay 14 – Present
UX Consultant / Senior Web Developer at Oakland County
- Consulting for User Experience on new application
- Developed the specifications for the new FRMS (Fire Records Management System)
- Implemented a MVC architecture for the new application and mobile responsive design
- Implemented a mobile responsive environment for old system that is being phased out
- Managed IT integration with multiple departments and satellite locations
- Developed 2 SPA (Single Page Apps) with Angular and JSON
Environment – HTML 4 and 5, CSS 2 and 3, Agile, JQuery, Angular, JSON, ASP.Net with VB and C#, Zurb Foundation
Insight GlobalOct 13 – Feb 14
JavaScript Developer at ADP
- Utilized JavaScript to create an all–inclusive applet that mimicked a full server based application
- Worked with CSS 3 and HTML 5 to make the system responsive
- Worked with a team to ensure code purity
- Utilized XML and JavaScript JS files for data storage
Environment – HTML 4 and 5, CSS 2 and 3, Agile, JQuery, JavaScript, Dojo, Angular, XML, Twitter Bootstrap
AIAGMar 13 – Sept 13
Senior Web Developer
- Modified current code for functionality upgrades
- Reskinned the main web site based in ColdFusion so it is responsive
- Worked closely with the design team to develop a mobile app
- Incorporated dynamic language files into a ColdFusion and .Net site
- Worked with Marketing for SEO and SEM
- Managed interdepartmental relations and developed relations with our overseas office
- Converted a monstrous excel spreadsheet into a dynamic and responsive web app
- Managed the Google analytics and adsense for ecommerce
Environment – HTML 4 and 5, CSS 2 and 3, ASP.Net (MVC), ColdFusion, Angular, jQuery, EmberJS, Zurb Foundation
Dfuse TechnologiesAug 12 – Feb 13
UI Developer at Serco and Department of Defense
- Worked on the team that updated the Army's ACAP program
- Utilized ASP.Net (MVC) and jQuery to manage data and keep the site dynamic
- Modified Flash animations with ActionScript 2 for a banners and movies
- Wrote JavaScript functions to handle complex interactions with .Net
- Worked closely with site architect and helped implement procedures for site development and modification
- Fixed errors in current site before developing the new one
Environment – HTML, CSS, jQuery, JavaScript, Agile, ASP.Net (MVC), Flash, ActionScript 2 and 3, Zurb Foundation
OtterbaseJune 12 – July 12
Senior UI Developer at Valassis
- Utilized HTML, CSS, jQuery and ASP.Net to create a site that tracked user interaction and offered information for clients
- Utilized jQuery with XML to manage data and keep the site dynamic
- Developed a CMS for ease in updating the information on the site at weekly intervals
- Modified Flash animations and ActionScript 2 code for a banner and flip book
Environment – HTML, CSS, jQuery, ASP.Net, Flash, ActionScript 2
AimiaMarch 12 – April 12
Senior Interactive Developer
- Modified content and asset placement
- Utilized jQuery for element animation and manipulation
- Modified Flash animations
- Created Flash based mini applications for teaching and testing knowledge
- Created HTML and jQuery based mini applications for teaching and testing knowledge
Environment – HTML, CSS, jQuery, Flash
Rural America OnShore OutsorcingOct 11 – Nov 11
Freelance Developer
- Created a myriad of sites ranging from single pagers to Dynamic Content Driven Sites
- Modified code from previous Freelance Developers to bring it up to the company standard
Environment – HTML, CSS, Agile, JavaScript, jQuery, PHP, MySQL, ASP.Net
Teacher’s DiscoveryOct 11 – Nov 11
Freelance Developer
- Fixed many issues and modified current systems to bring them up to a functioning level
- Brought some congruency to systems that were thrown together over the years in many technologies
Environment – HTML, CSS, Agile, JavaScript, PHP, MySQL, Classic ASP, MS Access, ASP.Net, SQL Server
R and E Automated SystemsJune 11 – Aug 11
Front End Web Developer at Lee Consulting
- Modified content and asset placement
- Created the Scheduling system for the new quoting application
- Utilized jQuery for element animation, form validation, redirection, and more
- Created new PHP pages for the template and for reporting
- Modified PHP to tweak the templates structure
- Experimented with HTML 5 and CSS 3 for possible future uses
Environment – HTML, HTML 5, CSS 1–3, JavaScript, jQuery, jQuery Mobile, PHP, MySQL
MRM WorldwideJan 11 – May 11
Front End Web Developer – 3 projects
- Modified content and asset placement
- Utilized jQuery for element animation: single and multiple per page
- Modified JSP to tweak the templates structure
- Started working with jQuery Mobile for possible future uses
- Experimented with HTML 5 and CSS 3 for possible future uses
- Cut assets when a designer was not available
- Worked closely with design and architecture for W3C code compliance
Environment – HTML, HTML 5, CSS 1–3, JavaScript, jQuery, jQuery Mobile, JSP, Photoshop
JRD Systems IncAug 10 – Dec 10
Application Developer at Pitney Bowes
- Developed an application with VB6 and SQL Server to manage Returned Mail addresses
- Application runs automatically based on when a file is added to the directory
- Application exports a flat file coded to strict client standards
- Application gathers information from 14 different locations and formats
- Created reporting functionality to export to MS Excel
Environment – Visual Basic 6, SQL Server 2005/2008, C in StreamWeaver, MS Excel
Genesys 10Sept 10 – Nov 10
Web Application Developer
- One of 6 developers completing a PHP web based application for Mobile Symmetry
- Utilized PHP to create interactions between mobile device and server and MySQL database
- Modified the MySQL database for speed and efficiency
- Created user profile, administration, and server’s SMS functionality
Environment – PHP, MySQL, AJAX, HTML, CSS
Kelly ServicesJan 09 – Feb 09
ASP.NET Application Developer at Pulte Homes
- Developed custom user controls
- Streamlined client side usage by shifting from most of the AJAX usage to ASP.Net
- Implemented new master pages
- Brought the project up to W3C compliancy and cross–browser compatibility
- Worked with management and other developers in a team lead capacity for project efficiency
- Created interactive flash elements for navigation, data collection and banner advertisements
Environment – ASP.NET – C#, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, JQuery, Flash, ActionScript
IconmaNov 08 – Jan 09
Web Developer at Blue Cross Blue Shield of Michigan
- Modified existing HTML and CSS code to update web based policy descriptions
- Worked closely with managers and web sphere developers to increase load time and functionality
- Developed a system for the modification process that quadrupled production and subsequently ended the assignment 2 months early
Environment – HTML, CSS
Express PersonnelJune 08 – August 08
Coldfusion Application Developer at Evigna
- Worked directly with client to manage development of an AJAX–Coldfusion–Sybase based web application from concept to completion
- Developed the data structure as well as the Sybase database itself
- Created a Content Management System (CMS) from scratch for administrative purposes
- Communicate to management the project time frames, budgets, and solution approaches (Project Management)
Environment – Coldfusion, Ajax, CSS/CSS2, Sybase, HTML, JavaScript, ODBC, CFAjax
eChamberConnectApril 08 – May 08
Project Manager / Web Developer
- Worked with client to manage design and development of Joomla (CMS) based Web Sites
- Provided technical support for a multitude of clients
- Managed Web–based Marketing Campaign through Search Engine Optimization (SEO) and Google Analytics and Google AdWords
- Manage multiple projects simultaneously and direct distinct portions of a larger project
- Responsible for training clients on new web based applications
- Review deliverables from project team (i.e. documentation sets – functional, technical specs, design documents, deployment notes, test plans, use cases, etc.)
- Communicate to management the project time frames, budgets, solution approaches and staffing requirements per the project phases
Environment – PHP 5, Ajax, CSS/CSS2, SQL, HTML, JavaScript, XML, RSS, ODBC, MySQL, MS Project
JobApp NetworkFebruary 08 – March 08
Application Analyst
- Worked on developing new applications with ASP.NET, AJAX and Coldfusion
- Page content was managed through a custom Content Management System (CMS)
- Maintained and streamlined existing application written in ASP.NET, AJAX and Coldfusion
- Utilized AJAX to pass data to the server without refreshing the page
Environment – HTML, XHTML, CSS/CSS2, JavaScript, CFML(Coldfusion), ASP.NET (C# and VB), R:BASE, SQL, SQL Server, CFAjax, AjaxCFC, AJAX
TekSystemsJuly 07 – September 07
Flash Application Developer at Sandy Corporation
- Modified Flash and ActionScript for customer’s new warranty system with GM SCORM compliance
- ActionScript coding for Movies, User Interaction, Scrollers, XML Data Storage
- ASP.Net development for data communication between Flash and the SQL Server
- Implemented table–less CSS designs
- Brought the project up to W3C compliancy and cross–browser compatibility
Environment – HTML, Flash, ActionScript, XML, DreamWeaver, SCORM
IwerkJune 07 – July 07
Software Developer/Mobile Application Developer
- Created an .Net Mobile application with SQL Server Mobile 5 backend and ASP.Net frontend
- Created SQL Server databases with a ASP.NET front–end
- Modified SQL Server databases and ASP.NET and AJAX front–en
d
Environment – ASP.Net, AJAX, CSS/CSS2, SQL Server, HTML, JavaScript, XML, ADO
Custom Business SolutionsApril 07 – June 07
Webmaster/Web Developer at Renaissance Media
- Managed search engine registration, analytics and Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
- Managed the architecture for an e–Commerce site
- Set up Products in Google Base and Pricegrabber.com
- Managed Google Analytics for trend reporting and site streamlining
- Modified SQL Server databases and ASP and ASP.NET front–end utilizing Coldfusion
- Worked with Content Management System (CMS) for updating an e–Commerce site.
Environment – ASP.Net, CFML(Coldfusion), AJAX, CSS/CSS2, SQL Server HTML, AJAX, XML
CitistaffAug 06 – Jan 07
Application/Web Developer at Wayne County
- Developed and administrated various applications using ASP, ASP.Net and MS Access
- Responsible for application performance analysis and identifying methods of optimization
- Developed databases using MS Access 2000/2003 for various purposes
- Developed and administrated web functionality for PC3 (a mission critical application)
- Built core web documents using HTML and used CSS/CSS2 applying visual attributes
Environment – ASP, ASP.Net, CSS/CSS2, SQL Server, HTML, JavaScript, XML, MS Access
Sloan VenturesNov 05 – Mar 06
Web Developer
- Developed a Forum for an Online Community, a Reporting System for the Community, as well as developed the database and Stored Procedures utilizing ASP, JavaScript, and SQL Server
- Refined the BLOG system’s XML and RSS feed
- Implemented security procedures for existing site
- Implemented the procedure of using Content Management Systems (CMS) for ease in site administration
- Managed search engine registration, analytics and Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
- Modified the Content Management System and Newsletter Distribution System for streamlining and efficiency using ASP.Net and SQL Server
- Created 3 main web–based applications for various tasks
- Developed Flash and ActionScript media players for secure content sharing
Environment – ASP, ASP.Net, CSS/CSS2, SQL Server, HTML, XML, Flash, ActionScript, JavaScript, RSS
Lipari FoodsDec 04 – Jan 05
Web Developer/IT Support
- Created a variety of PHP to MySQL and PHP to DB2 based web applications
- Wrote many small DOS based BAK and CMD files for executing, installation and updates
- Managed and modified PHP Based Content Management System (CMS)
- Implemented policies and procedures to maximize department efficiency
- Developed relational databases using MS Access 2000 for various purposes (single and multi–user environments). Databases interfaced with other applications
- Developed MS Access interface to manipulate data held in DB2
- Managed and created XML, Flat and CSV files
- Brought the project up to W3C compliancy and cross–browser compatibility
Environment – MySQL, PHP4/5, DB2, XML, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, DOS, AS400, MS Access
TekSystemsJul 04 – Sep 04
Microsoft Access/SQL Developer at ABN AMRO
- Main Developer for the MS Access reporting system driven by SQL Server
- Initiated coding and development of web base application
- Created Stored Procedures and Views in SQL
- Responsible for distributing, installing and training users for various database applications
- Created MS Access Application to pull data from five separate data management applications
Environment – MS Access, SQL, ASP, XML, HTML, CSS, JavaScript, Visual Basic, MS Installer, ADO
Kelly AutomotiveApr 04 – Jul 04
Microsoft Access/Web Programmer at Ford Motor Company
- Created and implemented a B2B SQL Server Data Warehouse with ASP and SQL front–end as a Data Management System to track and report the processing of Prototype parts, designs, and finances
- Modified many existing systems for efficiency and to increase their dynamic potential and functionality
- Created web–enabled front–end for many existing systems
- Created an automated Access application that imported, processed, and analyzed data from various Excel spreadsheets and transferred the data back into an Excel file and generated charts and graphs in Excel
- Managed search engine registration, analytics and Search Engine Optimization (SEO)
- Coordinated migration from the existing MS Access based database to a combination Oracle/Access based database in our satellite facility
Environment – MS Access, HTML, CSS, SQL, ASP, JavaScript, MS Excel, MS CMS 2001
Kelly Automotive ServicesMar 04 – Aug 04
Web Programmer
- Created a web–based Time Management System for 800 people from concept to completion
- Reporting, data analysis, data modification, and minor site change functionality functions were built into this and the system replaced a paper–based system and improved efficiency by over 600%
Environment –MS Access, SQL, ASP, CSS, XML, HTML, JavaScript, PHP, MySQL
MSX InternationalAug 03 – Feb 04
Commercial Data Analyst at Visteon
- Entered and maintained data for the Daimler–Chrysler account
- Created an electronic and paper filing system
- Modified tables and reports in MS Access
- Created and led a development team in creation of a Tracking System for PO Management
- Created technical documentation for DCX–3270 Emulator
Environment – MS Access, Visual Basic, MS Excel, MS Project, SAP, DCX–3270 Emulator, MS CMS 2001
MSX InternationalApr 03 – Jul 03
Training Program Manager/Programmer at Ford Motor Company
- Designed, developed and administered a B2B SQL Server Data Warehouse with ASP and MS Access front–end as a Learning Management System onsite with Ford while coordinating training for 1800 people moving to the new plant
- Wrote technical documentation, procedures, single point lessons, and job aids
- Tracked and analyzed trainee feedback from training, so Ford could meet grading levels
- Developed MS Access database for the analysis of Trainee feed back
- Administered ASP front–end to SQL Server back–end
- Conducted training on organizational skills, time management, and the MS Office Package
Environment – MS Access, Lotus Notes, LotusScript, Visual Basic, MS Excel, SQL, ASP, MS Project
TekSystemsJan 03 – Mar 03
Data Warehouse Analyst at Daimler Chrysler
- Developed Access and Lotus Notes based relational databases and queries to extract and manipulate information from the data warehouse (Sybase)
- Redesigned & modified existing Lotus Notes & Access forms & queries for efficiency
- Developed queries to analyze data for trends and patterns
- Performed testing and data analysis for data accuracy
- Administrated Access front–end to ODBC (Sybase) back–end
Environment – MS Access, Lotus Notes, Lotus Script, Visual Basic, DDL, MS Excel, SQL, Sybase, ODBC
Administrated MS Access Front End to ODBC (Oracle) Back End
Query Development in SQL and Design View
Project Management
Reporting
Data Mining
Created automated Excel based relational databases (single user environment)
Monitoring and Modifying Java Programming
Environment – MS Access, MS Excel, Visual Basic, SQL, Java, COM, VBScript, SQL Server, Cognos
MSX International Oct 99 – Jul 01
Database Administrator/Web Developer at General Motors
Coordinated project with five separate departments
Database Development and Administration
Administrated MS Access Front End to ODBC (Oracle) Back End
Provided Technical Support for hardware, software and network
Coordinated migration to SQL Server from MS Access database
Project Management
Created automated Excel based relational databases (single user environment)
Created SQL and Java programs to interact with Access Database through intranet
Environment – MS Access, MS Excel, Visual Basic, SQL, Java, JavaScript, VBScript, FSO, ASP, ADO, Perl, CGI, HTML, SQL Server
Manpower Apr 99 – Oct 99
Administrative Assistant at IBM
Developed New Procedures and Forms
Project Management
Migration Follow Up Coordination
Reorganized/Developed Data Storage System
Quality Control
Environment – MS Excel, Visual Basic, Lotus Notes, Lotus Script
American Insurance Group Sept 98 – Apr 99
Office Manager/IT Support
Web Design
Account Management
Conducted Training in Time Management, Organizational Skills, Basic and Intermediate MS Office
Applications
Customer Service
Project Management
Purchasing Coordinator
Desktop Publishing
Environment – MS Excel, MS Access, SQL, HTML, Q&A, Visual Basic, JavaScript
––>


The special predefined name Java provides a way to reference Java classes for @x:Act scripts. In particular dot qualifying Java with the the fully qualified name of a Java class produces a reference to that class.
For example, Java.java.io.File refers to the Java File class in package java.io.


The cause of the fire remains unclear.
The houses were evacuated. No one has been injured.
The car and the van were completely burned out in the fire and one of the houses sustained extensive damage.
The fire brigade are still at the scene.
More to follow.


chains generated by support of d under propagation with pruning up to stabilization.
learning without changing the collection of chains used (the support).
learning without changing the collection of chains used (the support). terminates when the isStable condition occurs or when the given number of steps are run. Recursively, the isStable condition is that the new distribution is close to the old one. This is the inner loop.
learning with changing the collection of chains used, using innerlearn.
learning with changing the collection of chains used, using innerlearn. terminates when the isStable condition occurs or when the given number of steps are run. Recursively, the isStable condition is that the new distribution is close to the old one. This is the outer loop.
loop for learning, with an inner loop changing only the distribution and an outer one where chains are recomputed with the new purge.


reoptimization_algorithms.Graph¶
-
class
Graph
(graph: Dict[str, Vertex] = None)¶ Bases:
reoptimization_algorithms.utils.graph.base_graph.BaseGraph
,abc.ABC
Graph data structure class, represented as dictionary with vertices as key mapped to neighbouring vertices
T is a type var, bounded to this class, will refer to child class if inherited
- Parameters
graph (Dict[str, Vertex]) – Graph definition, if None then empty graph is instantiated
Example
from reoptimization_algortihms import Graph graph = Graph() graph = graph.add_vertex("4", 14) # Adding vertex graph.get_vertex("4") # Getting vertex graph = graph.update_vertex("4", 15) # Update vertex weight graph = graph.delete_vertex("4") # Deleting vertex graph = graph.add_edge("4", "5", 11) # Adding Edge graph.get_edge("4", "5") # Getting Edge graph = graph.update_edge("4", "5", 10) # Update Edge weight graph = graph.delete_edge("4", "5") # Deleting Edge # Add, Update and Deletes can be chained as follows graph = (Graph().add_vertex("4").add_edge("4", "5").add_edge("40", "50") .add_vertex("6").add_edge("4", "8").delete_edge("4", "5").add_vertex("99") .delete_vertex("6"))
Attributes
Graph represented as dictionary with vertices as key mapped to neighbouring vertices
-
add_edge
(source: str, destination: str, weight: int = None) → T¶ Adds edge in the graph, default weight as
Edge.DEFAULT_EDGE_WEIGHT
- Parameters
source (str) – Edge source
destination (str) – Edge destination
weight (int) – Weight
- Returns
Self
-
add_vertex
(vertex: str, weight: int = None) → T¶ Adds a vertex to the graph, default weight as
Vertex.DEFAULT_VERTEX_WEIGHT
- Parameters
vertex (str) – Vertex key
weight (int) – Vertex weight
- Returns
Self
-
copy
() → T¶ Return a deep copy of the graph
- Returns
Copied Graph
-
delete_edge
(source: str, destination: str) → T¶ Deletes the edge in the graph
- Parameters
source (str) – Edge source
destination (str) – Edge destination
- Returns
Self
-
delete_isolated_vertices
() → T¶ Deletes isolated vertices in the graph
- Returns
Self
-
delete_vertex
(vertex: str) → T¶ Deletes a vertex
- Parameters
vertex (str) – Vertex key
- Returns
Self
-
get_edge
(source: str, destination: str) → reoptimization_algorithms.utils.graph.edge.Edge¶ Gets edge from the graph
- Parameters
source (str) – Edge source
destination (str) – Edge destination
- Returns
Edge
-
get_edges
() → List[Dict]¶ Gets list of Edges
- Returns
List of dictionary having Edge source, destination and weight as keys
-
get_isolated_vertices
() → List[reoptimization_algorithms.utils.graph.vertex.Vertex]¶ Gets isolated vertices in the graph
- Returns
List of vertices
-
get_vertex
(vertex: str) → reoptimization_algorithms.utils.graph.vertex.Vertex¶ Gets the vertex
- Parameters
vertex (str) – Vertex key
- Returns
Vertex
-
get_vertices
() → List[str]¶ Gets the list of vertices in the graph
- Returns
List of vertices keys
-
property
graph
¶ Graph represented as dictionary with vertices as key mapped to neighbouring vertices
-
graph_union
(attach_graph: T, attach_edges: List[Edge]) → T¶ Attaches the caller graph with attach graph and attachment edges
- Parameters
attach_graph (T) – Graph to attach
attach_edges (List[Edge]) – Edges to connect with attach_graph
- Returns
Self
-
is_edge_exists
(source: str, destination: str) → bool¶ Checks if the edge exists in the graph
- Parameters
source (str) – Edge source
destination (str) – Edge destination
- Returns
Boolean
-
is_vertex_exists
(vertex: str) → bool¶ Checks if the vertex exists in the graph
- Parameters
vertex (str) – Vertex key
- Returns
Boolean
-
update_edge
(source: str, destination: str, weight: int) → T¶ Checks if the edge exists in the graph
- Parameters
source (str) – Edge source
destination (str) – Edge destination
weight (int) – Weight
- Returns
Self
-
update_vertex
(vertex: str, weight: int) → T¶ Updates vertex weight
- Parameters
vertex (str) – Vertex key
weight (int) – Vertex weight
- Returns
Self


--- layout: post title: Happy Easter date: 2012-04-07 10:30:09.000000000 -04:00 categories: - Celebrations - Family Life tags: - Easter status: publish type: post published: true meta: aktt_notify_twitter: 'no' dsq_thread_id: '1188579106' author: login: cint email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Jacinta first_name: Jacinta last_name: '' ---
Excuse my absence from this space. I have a really good reason why. Will share next week, but at this time I wish you and your family a most joyous Easter, however you choose to celebrate.
Jacinta x


| PostgreSQL 9.0.10 Documentation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 17. Server Setup and Operation | Next |
It is possible to use SSH to encrypt the network connection between clients and a PostgreSQL server. Done properly, this provides an adequately secure network connection, even for non-SSL-capable clients.
First make sure that an SSH server is running properly on the same machine as the PostgreSQL server and that you can log in using ssh as some user. Then you can establish a secure tunnel with a command like this from the client machine:
ssh -L 63333:localhost:5432<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The first number in the -L argument, 63333, is the port number of your end of the tunnel; it can be any unused port. (IANA reserves ports 49152 through 65535 for private use.) The second number, 5432, is the remote end of the tunnel: the port number your server is using. The name or IP address between the port numbers is the host with the database server you are going to connect to, as seen from the host you are logging in to, which is foo.com in this example. In order to connect to the database server using this tunnel, you connect to port 63333 on the local machine:
psql -h localhost -p 63333 postgres
To the database server it will then look as though you are really user joe on host foo.com connecting to localhost in that context, and it will use whatever authentication procedure was configured for connections from this user and host. Note that the server will not think the connection is SSL-encrypted, since in fact it is not encrypted between the SSH server and the PostgreSQL server. This should not pose any extra security risk as long as they are on the same machine.
In order for the tunnel setup to succeed you must be allowed to connect via ssh as<EMAIL_ADDRESS>just as if you had attempted to use ssh to create a terminal session.
You could also have set up the port forwarding as
ssh -L 63333:foo.com:5432<EMAIL_ADDRESS>but then the database server will see the connection as coming in on its foo.com interface, which is not opened by the default setting listen_addresses = 'localhost'. This is usually not what you want.
If you have to "hop" to the database server via some login host, one possible setup could look like this:
ssh -L 63333:db.foo.com:5432<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Note that this way the connection from shell.foo.com to db.foo.com will not be encrypted by the SSH tunnel. SSH offers quite a few configuration possibilities when the network is restricted in various ways. Please refer to the SSH documentation for details.
Tip: Several other applications exist that can provide secure tunnels using a procedure similar in concept to the one just described.