How
to Use
AMD
Display Library
(ADL)
Copyright © 2019
Advanced Micro Devices, Inc. All rights reserved.
Table
of Contents
3.2. Threading
and Concurrent Access
4.1. Include
Files from the SDK to Use
4.4. Initializing
ADL and providing the memory allocation function
5.2. Mixing ADL and ADL2 APIs in the same
application
Prior to AMD Display Library (ADL), AMD provided several SDKs (PDL, DSP, CCC, COM) for external use under Windows, but none for Linux. The goal of ADL is to provide a single SDK for both operating systems and to eventually replace the other SDKs.
The majority of the APIs in ADL wrap the company’s private APIs thus allowing the library’s client to access information related to the graphics associated with the system. ADL is used strictly for exposing “Graphics Hardware” support. Other hardware (such as CPUs, Northbridge, etc…) or software subsystems (such as Catalyst Control Center and HydraVision) will expose an interface via their own binaries, if they require one.
ADL binaries are delivered as part of the Catalyst display Driver package while the documentation, definitions and sample code are distributed via a web-download as a single ZIP package.
For Windows XP 32-bit and Windows Vista 32-bit operating systems, the ADL library binary is located in:
%WINDOWS%\System32\atiadlxx.dll
For Windows XP 64-bit and Windows Vista 64-bit, there are two binaries:
· %WINDOWS%\System32\atiadlxx.dll (Native OS driver)
· %WINDOWS%\SysWOW64\atiadlxy.dll (32-bit OS driver)
Important:
· The 32-bit library in provided in 64-bit Windows OSes to ensure support for the unmanaged 32-bit applications. These applications cannot load the native 64 bit ADL library therefore after a load failure they should attempt to load the 32-bit library. Note that both binaries have different names (not only locations). This will be discussed in more detail later in this document.
· ADL has a limitation that it cannot be invoked directly from Windows System Services. Alternative way is to create a User Service for ADL related task and invoke it from Windows System Service. Please refer sample\ServiceCallADL project.
· ADL Linux Support dropped since 2015.
ADL provides flat C-style exports that are typical for Windows DLLs and Linux SO binaries.
In general, ADL makes no assumption as to the caller’s environment. ADL creates and destroys its own memory allocations. Client application can optionally request ADL to assure thread safety by allowing only single thread to enter ADL API at the time. Details about how to instantiate ADL in thread safe mode can be found in this document.
APIs that return data will either return simple data (via the stack), or will require the caller to pre-allocate the memory and provide references via the API call signature (API-specific). If the ADL calls back into the caller, it will be on the same thread and all data will be managed by the ADL; the caller is not to attempt memory management of any ADL-supplied data.
The name of a public API starts with “ADL” or “ADL2”and typically ends with “Get”, “Set”, or “Caps”. The following is an example of the naming convention:
ADL_Xxx_Yyy_Get
ADL_Xxx_Yyy_Set
ADL2_Xxx_Yyy_Get
ADL2_Xxx_Yyy_Set
Xxx can be set to “Main”, “Adapter”, “Display”, etc., whereas Yyy describes the function in detail.
For example:
ADL_Display_NumberOfDisplays_Get is used to retrieve the number of displays supported by an adapter.
The return code is an integer describing the ADL level results. In general, negative values indicate that output parameters are not valid, zero indicates normal success, and a positive value indicates success requiring a mode change or even a system restart.
A “0: Success” result indicates that the Driver received and processed the request in a normal fashion, and that the output parameters can be processed as per each API’s specification.
The complete set of return values is described in the html documentation that is part of the SDK.
ADL can operate in two modes:
1. Unlocked. In this mode ADL allows multiple client threads to execute ADL APIs concurrently. Note that ADL is not thread-safe library. Clients that instantiate ADL in unlocked mode have to provide their own synchronization context.
2. Locked. In this mode ADL prevents concurrent ADL access by multiple threads by placing critical section around all exposed ADL APIs. It assures that only single client thread can enter ADL at any given time.
In cases where multiple processes are each using their own ADL instance to access the Driver and/or OS, the Driver and OS must provide multiple process safety to the channel(s) and OS entry point(s). In Windows, the GDI layer uses a global mutex to ensure only a single call (whether from the same process or not) enters the kernel for Escape call processing. Likewise, in Linux, the X-Server also ensures such single threading for all calls made to the X-Server across all processes and from within any process. As to OS calls, the OS itself provides thread and process safety where needed—ADL does not augment this in any way.
· Sequential Program Type: The application makes one or more API calls (beyond the initialize/shutdown API calls) to perform a specific job, involving a series of steps: checking whether a needed interface is supported; checking whether a Feature is supported; retrieving capabilities of the Feature; retrieving Properties of the Feature; changing the value of the adjustable Properties; and invoking custom actions. These are typically command line driven programs (such as command line type configuration utilities or automated test utilities) performing a specific task.
· Event Driver Program Type: The application operates by making groups of calls to the ADL based on responses to pre-programmed events detected and handled in the application. The application itself may be single-threaded or multi-threaded. The main difference between event-driven and sequential programs is the overall sequence of accesses to AD. In event-driven programs, access to ADL tends to involve a small number of APIs grouped together in a sequence but a large number of APIs overall, in a group order determined by external events.
From an ADL perspective, there is no difference between types of such programs.
An application loads the ADL, and then obtains a collection of the logical adapters (corresponding to GPU controllers) with each entry containing basic information about each controller on each GPU. The most important piece of information is the AdapterIndex, which identifies a specific controller on a specific GPU. The index provides entry to a table of all knowable GPU controllers.
Using the AdapterIndex, the application then calls other ADL APIs to:
1. Get capabilities of a Driver Component.
2. Get data related to the component.
3. Set data related to the component.
4. Request specific actions.
Each ADL API method signature defines appropriate in and out parameters. The caller supplies data as part of the in parameters, and the API returns data as part of the out parameters. Additionally, the API returns an ADL call status (an ADL concept value, not a Driver Component supplied value).
Most of the ADL APIs call a corresponding “pack” routine in the internal Pack and Unpack Library to create a message, and then sends the message to the Driver. The Driver then acts upon the sent message and returns a return message as a result.
Upon receipt of a return message from the Driver corresponding to the sent message, the API then calls the appropriate “unpack” routine in the internal Pack and Unpack Library to decode the returned message into the appropriate out parameters. The API then returns a result code relating to the ADL level activity. In some cases, the API may perform multiple Driver calls and/or OS calls. Calls to the OS do not generally use the Pack/Unpack mechanism, but instead use some OS-specific calling convention.
Driver Component errors, OS errors, etc., may be returned as out parameters as defined per API method.
Generally, an ADL API will take as parameters various data as defined by the header files exposed by AD. It also takes a controller-specific AdapterIndex identifying the controller of a specific GPU on which to act. The Management API will call a Pack Library packing routine to create an appropriate message using the Driver header files (callers to ADL never see or need to know the Driver header files). The Pack Library routine returns a message packed with the appropriate data for the Driver. The API then calls the so-called “Channel Library” with the AdapterIndex and the message. The Channel delivers the message and receives (synchronously inline) a response from the Driver—this is a “waiting” call and will stall the thread on which the call is made. The API then unpacks the response message by calling the appropriate Unpack Library unpack routine, extracting the data and returning the data to the application via out parameters in the Service API method. The APIs returns a result code with 0, meaning success.
Each OS has a difference scheme for identifying individual GPUs, as well as for obtaining and managing the collection of accessible GPUs. On some systems, some GPUs are not accessible by a given user due to user privileges. One of the primary principles behind the design of ADL is to program each API so it still services all OSes (as appropriate) with minimal (or no) conditional coding.
Even though ADL users do not need to know all of the internal implementation details, two internal libraries are of a particular importance: the Pack/Unpack library and the Channel library.
Prior to ADL, the applications coded their own pack/unpack logic (create C-type “structures” by stuffing them using local variables, and then validate that the values are all correct), and either directly route to the Driver or use a private entry point (like PDL) to perform the routing.
In most cases, the application data is kept in various variables/locations throughout the application (such as embedded in UI forms or in some data store), and is amalgamated at I/O time, typically within some internal per-ESC-call application method. ADL defines a single code implementation rather than having each and every program implement its own.
Further, the ADL also deals with routing the requests in an OS-agnostic fashion (which PDL cannot, since it is purposed only for Microsoft Windows). This provides more opportunity for the calling applications (including test applications) to reduce OS-specific coding. While it is true that calling applications will still need some OS-specific code to deal with OS-specific APIs, the bulk of the calling application could become OS-agnostic thereby reducing development and testing burdens—this is one of the primary principles behind ADL.
The Channel Library is a library that is internal to ADL. It provides the OS-specific implementation for routing packed messages from the ADL to the Driver and to return a message back again for unpacking.
At present, there are three defined channels:
1. Windows XP channel—Uses GDI to send ESC calls to the Driver.
2. Windows Vista channel—Uses DirectX to send ESC calls to the Driver.
3. Linux channel—Uses AMD proprietary X-Server extension to communicate with the DDX driver.
This channel concept can be extended to future OSes, such as Windows 7 if necessary. For example, discussions exists that some future Windows OS may remove the traditional ESC call routing for Graphics Drivers, perhaps moving to an IOCTL or similar functionality. ADL Channel Library is designed to allow such new channels in a seamless and transparent fashion.
On Linux, the format of packed messages for common functions follows Vista format. Some Linux-specific functions are defined separately to fit into the existing “X-extension” implementation. Most of the functions generally follow the CWDDE message mechanism.
Provided along with ADL
SDK is an unmanaged C code sample application that demonstrates some of the
principles on how to use ADL. This chapter will not discuss the application in detail, but will emphasize on some important points.
The three files in the include folder are the only ones necessary for your project:
adl_defines.h Contains all defined constants.
adl_structures.h Contains the definitions of all structures.
adl_sdk.h Contains the typedef of the Memory Allocation Callback function.
It is sufficient for your project to include only adl_sdk.h because it includes adl_structures.h, which includes adl_defines.h. The three files should be located in the same folder.
The following lines from the following code sample are self-explanatory. Each OS uses a corresponding function to load the library (atiadlxx.dll for Windows OSes and libatiadlxx.so for Linux).
#if defined
(LINUX)
hDLL =
dlopen( "libatiadlxx.so", RTLD_LAZY|RTLD_GLOBAL);
#else
hDLL =
LoadLibrary("atiadlxx.dll");
if (hDLL ==
NULL)
// A 32 bit calling application on 64 bit OS will fail to
LoadLIbrary.
// Try to load the 32 bit library (atiadlxy.dll) instead
hDLL =
LoadLibrary("atiadlxy.dll");
#endif
While in Linux, the 32-bit and 64-bit libraries have the same names but are placed in different locations.
In Windows, the native library for the corresponding OS is always named atiadlxx.dll. Thus a 32-bit application on a 32-bit OS will succeed with loading atiadlxx.dll, and a 64-bit application will succeed with loading atiadlxx.dll on a 64-bit OS. The attempt of a 32-bit application to load the native 64-bit atiadlxx.dll on a 64-bit OS, however, will fail. Therefore the application should immediately attempt to load the 32-bit version of ADL (atiadlxy.dll). See the code above and the binary locations in chapter 2.
The provided example shows the steps necessary to call an ADL API:
1. For each API you plan to use, define a pointer to a function type using typedef. The typedefs may be organized as a separate include file. Here’re some typedefs from the sample:
typedef int ( *ADL_MAIN_CONTROL_CREATE )(ADL_MAIN_MALLOC_CALLBACK, int );
typedef int ( *ADL_MAIN_CONTROL_DESTROY )();
typedef int ( *ADL_ADAPTER_NUMBEROFADAPTERS_GET ) ( int* );
typedef int ( *ADL_ADAPTER_ADAPTERINFO_GET ) ( LPAdapterInfo,
int );
2. Somewhere in the code, instantiate the pointers of those types. Here’s the code from the sample:
ADL_MAIN_CONTROL_CREATE
ADL_Main_Control_Create;
ADL_MAIN_CONTROL_DESTROY
ADL_Main_Control_Destroy;
ADL_ADAPTER_NUMBEROFADAPTERS_GET ADL_Adapter_NumberOfAdapters_Get;
ADL_ADAPTER_ADAPTERINFO_GET ADL_Adapter_AdapterInfo_Get;
The main and only initialization API for ADL is:
int ADL_Main_Control_Create
( ADL_MAIN_MALLOC_CALLBACK
callback,
int iEnumConnectedAdapters
);
This function should be called first (the exact steps are in the next
section), prior to calling any other ADL APIs. It initializes the library and
provides the memory allocation function as the first parameter. Note ADL_Main_Control_Create
instantiate ADL in Unlocked
mode. Use ADL_Main_ControlX2_Create to
explicitly specify ADL threading mode.
What is it for? Some APIs, such
as ADL_Display_DisplayInfo_Get(), get an uninitialized pointer as an input parameter. Then they call
(already provided through “Create”) the memory allocation function, which
allocates memory from the user’s heap. The user is also responsible for the
de-allocation of the memory. This technique is illustrated through the
following example.
User may provide a memory allocation function to serve an application’s
specific needs but it could also be a generic one as
shown in the example. Below are the memory allocation and de-allocation functions
from the sample code:
// Memory allocation function
void* __stdcall
ADL_Main_Memory_Alloc ( int iSize )
{
void* lpBuffer =
malloc (
iSize );
return lpBuffer;
}
// Optional Memory de-allocation function
void __stdcall ADL_Main_Memory_Free ( void** lpBuffer
)
{
if ( NULL !=
*lpBuffer
)
{
free (
*lpBuffer
);
*lpBuffer = NULL;
}
}
The second parameter is iEnumConnectedAdapters. If its
value is zero, the adapter
information will be collected only for the adapters that are physically present
and enabled in the system. If the value is non-zero, information of all
adapters that have ever been present (even currently away) in the system will
be collected.
The address of the desired API can be obtained by using GetProcAddress and the handle of the loaded ADL library. Since ADL_Main_Control_Create() must be the first API called, here’s how to obtain its address and call the API:
ADL_Main_Control_Create =
ADL_MAIN_CONTROL_CREATE)GetProcAddress(hDLL,"ADL_Main_Control_Create");
if ( NULL
!= ADL_Main_Control_Create)
ADL_Err =
ADL_Main_Control_Create (ADL_Main_Memory_Alloc, 1);
The return value ADL_Err is an integer and should be ADL_OK to indicate successful ADL
initialization.
Calling the other APIs should follow the same pattern:
· Obtain the function’s address and check for
NULL.
· Call the function with the proper parameters.
· Check the return code for errors.
In the provided sample, all pointers are obtained at the beginning and
checked for NULL. If only one API is not available the
application fails. It’s up to the user to decide if all function pointers will
be obtained at once or one by one, when needed.
Here’s an example of how information about each adapter is obtained. In
this example, the allocation of the memory for the AdapterInfo structure is done
through malloc. Most of the ADL APIs allocate memory that
way, while some APIs (see the last example) use the memory allocation function
whose address is passed by the ADL_Main_Control_Create
API. The documentation points those APIs out.
Let’s now get the number of the adapters in the system.
if ( ADL_OK !=
ADL_Adapter_NumberOfAdapters_Get ( &iNumberAdapters )
)
{
printf("Cannot get the number of adapters!\n");
return 0;
}
We then check if this is a non-zero value and allocate memory with the
size of the AdapterInfo
structure times the number of adapters. We pass the pointer to this memory to ADL_Adapter_AdapterInfoGet(). Upon the function’s return, the structure(s) are filled with
data corresponding to the graphics adapters in the system. The following is the
code snippet:
if ( 0 <
iNumberAdapters )
{
lpAdapterInfo =
malloc (
sizeof (AdapterInfo)
* iNumberAdapters
);
memset (
lpAdapterInfo,'\0', sizeof (AdapterInfo)
* iNumberAdapters
);
// Get the AdapterInfo structure for all adapters in the
system
ADL_Adapter_AdapterInfo_Get (lpAdapterInfo, sizeof
(AdapterInfo) * iNumberAdapters);
}
The following example is to illustrate the usage of the memory
allocation function whose address was passed as a parameter when ADL_Main_Control_Create() was called. As
mentioned, one such API that relies on the memory allocated on the
application’s heap is ADL_Display_DisplayInfo_Get(). The following shows how to call this API:
· Create a pointer to a pointer to the ADLDisplayInfo structure. LPADLDisplayInfo
is predefined by ADL, so this line (from the sample code) will do:
LPADLDisplayInfo lpAdlDisplayInfo
= NULL;
· Create an integer to receive the number of
displays upon the function’s return:
int
iNumDisplays;
· Obtain the API’s address using GetProcAddress. Do
not forget to check for NULL!
ADL_Display_DisplayInfo_Get =
(ADL_DISPLAY_DISPLAYINFO_GET)GetProcAddress(hDLL,"ADL_Display_DisplayInfo_Get");
· Call the API with the proper parameters:
ADL_Err =
ADL_Display_DisplayInfo_Get (iAdapterIndex, &iNumDisplays,
&lpAdlDisplayInfo,
iForce );
Important: Note that the lpAdlDisplayInfo pointer is not initialized. It is the ADL that
calls the provided memory allocation function to allocate memory. Since this
function is in the user’s application (ADL_Main_Memory_Alloc), the memory is allocated from the user’s
heap, and the user should de-allocate the memory (see below for the code
example).
When the function returns successfully (ADL_OK), iNumDisplays holds the number of
displays, while lpAdlDisplayInfo
points to an array of iNumDisplays
elements of ADLDisplayInfo
structures.
· Do not forget to de-allocate the memory. You
may use the already defined function in the example:
ADL_Main_Memory_Free (
&lpAdlDisplayInfo );
Note that the memory de-allocation helper function takes a pointer to
pointer as a parameter. This allows
the function to free the memory and set the
pointer to NULL.
· After the application is done with ADL it has
to call ADL_Main_Control_Destroy () to release ADL resources.
These
examples and the sample code should be enough for you to start using and
enjoying ADL (AMD Display Library).
Following example
demonstrates how application that uses ADL API can create situation that can
potentially lead to the application breakage:
Thread 0 Thread 1
ADL_Main_Control_Create (..)
ADL_Main_Control_Create (..)
ADL_Display_DisplayInfo_Get (...);
ADL_Main_Control_Destroy ();
ADL_Display_DisplayInfo_Get (...);
Note that Thread 1
calls ADL_Display_DisplayInfo_Get
API after ADL context has been destroyed by Thread 0. ADL2 APIs have been added
to ADL to allow creation of the applications that contain multiple clients that
call ADL APIs in uncoordinated manner without risking to
destroy each other’s context.
Each traditional ADL
API is complimented with ADL2 version that accepts instance of ADL_CONTEXT_HANDLE as an argument.
Following listing shows the flow of the application that uses ADL2 APIs:
1. For each API you plan to use, define a pointer to a function type using typedef:
typedef int ( *ADL2_MAIN_CONTROL_CREATE )(ADL_MAIN_MALLOC_CALLBACK, int,
ADL_CONTEXT_HANDLE*);
typedef int ( *ADL2_MAIN_CONTROL_DESTROY )( ADL_CONTEXT_HANDLE);
typedef int ( *ADL2_ADAPTER_NUMBEROFADAPTERS_GET ) (ADL_CONTEXT_HANDLE,
int* );
typedef int ( *ADL2_ADAPTER_ADAPTERINFO_GET ) (ADL_CONTEXT_HANDLE,
LPAdapterInfo,
int );
3. Somewhere in the code, instantiate the pointers of those types. Here’s the code from the sample:
ADL2_MAIN_CONTROL_CREATE
ADL2_Main_Control_Create;
ADL2_MAIN_CONTROL_DESTROY
ADL2_Main_Control_Destroy;
ADL2_ADAPTER_NUMBEROFADAPTERS_GET ADL2_Adapter_NumberOfAdapters_Get;
ADL2_ADAPTER_ADAPTERINFO_GET ADL2_Adapter_AdapterInfo_Get;
4. Obtain pointers to the ADL2 APIs. Since ADL2_Main_Control_Create() must be the first API called, here’s how to obtain its address:
ADL2_Main_Control_Create =
ADL2_MAIN_CONTROL_CREATE)GetProcAddress(hDLL,"ADL2_Main_Control_Create");
5. Call ADL2_Main_Control_Create while passing reference to ADL_CONTEXT_HANDLE:
ADL_CONTEXT_HANDLE context = NULL;
if ( NULL !=
ADL2_Main_Control_Create)
ADL_Err =
ADL2_Main_Control_Create (ADL_Main_Memory_Alloc, 1,
&context);
Note that ADL2_Main_Control_Create instantiates
ADL in Unlocked thread mode. Use ADL2_Main_ControlX2_Create
to explicitly specify ADL thread mode.
6. Call ADL2 methods while passing instance of ADL_CONTEXT_HANDLE:
if
( ADL_OK
!= ADL2_Adapter_NumberOfAdapters_Get
(context, &iNumberAdapters)
)
{
printf("Cannot get the
number of adapters!\n");
return 0;
}
7. In the end call ADL2_Main_Control_Destroy to release ADL resources associate with given client context.
if
( ADL_OK
!= ADL2_Main_Control_Destroy
(context) )
{
printf("Faild to destroy
ADL");
return 0;
}
You can use ADL and ADL2 APIs in the same application. The only limitation
is that no more than one client that uses ADL APIs can exist at any given time
in the same process. There is no limit to number of clients that use ADL2 APIs.
We expect your comments and suggestions in
order to make this library more useful and easy to
use.


This post describes all the available options to customize chart axis with R
and ggplot2
. It shows how to control the axis itself, its label, title, position and more.
ggplot2
axisLet’s start with a very basic ggplot2
scatterplot. The axis usually looks very good with default option as you can see here.
Basically two main functions will allow to customize it:
theme()
to change the axis appearancescale_x_
and scale_y_
to change the axis typeLet’s see how to use them
# Load ggplot2
library(ggplot2)
# Very basic chart
basic <- ggplot( mtcars , aes(x=mpg, y=wt)) +
geom_point()
basic
xlab()
and xlim()
Two basic options that are used in almost every charts are xlab()
and xlim()
to control the axis title and the axis limits respectively.
Note : it is possible to specify only the lower or upper bound of a limit. For instance, try xlim(0,NA)
axis.title
The theme()
function allows to customize all parts of the ggplot2
chart. The axis.title.
controls the axis title appearance. Since it is text, features are wrapped in a element_text()
function. The code below shows how to change the most common features:
# Left -> both axis are modified
basic + theme(axis.title = element_text( angle = 90, color="red", size=15, face=3)) # face = title location
# Right -> only the x axis is modified
basic + theme(axis.title.x = element_text( angle = 90, color="red", size=15, face=3))
axis.text
Using pretty much the same process, the axis.text()
function allows to control text label features. Once more, using axis.text.x()
would modify the x axis only.
axis.ticks
and axis.line
The axis.ticks()
function controls the ticks appearance. axis.line()
controles the axis line. Both of them are lines, so options are wrapped in a element_line()
statement.
linetype
controls the type of line in use, see the ggplot2 section for more.
# chart 1: ticks
basic + theme(
axis.ticks = element_line(size = 2, color="red") ,
axis.ticks.length = unit(.5, "cm")
)


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Skip Marley & H.E.R. come through with
by Milca P.Slow Down
Skip Marley Feat. H.E.R.
Editor Rating: VERY HOTTTTT
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Quotable Lyrics
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Don't let our love just be borrowed, no
This is the choice that we take


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Strategy advisor
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Jinbo Li
Technical advisor
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Strategy advisor
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Strategy advisor
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Strategy advisor
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Technical advisor
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Welcome to my portfolio! Below you will find my most recent works. Currently I have my series on Cats as greek mythology characters. Currently I have 9 illustrations, but I'm working on refining them and adding 3 more to maybe make a themed calender for the year 2022! So definitely check back near Christmas time for a potential holiday gift item.
I try to keep this page up to date whenever I have more finished works ready to publish. I also try to keep the sketchbook up to date as well to give some insight into my process.
If you are interested in commissioning me for some work, just click the button below and it will take you the form on my contact page.


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Invalid Username! Note username must be b/w 3 characters to 30 characters and should only contain alphanumeric characters and underscores.
{% elif error_code==2 %}
Invalid Email address. Please use a valid email address!
{% elif error_code==3 %}
Username already taken!
{% elif error_code==4 %}
This email ID is already associated with another account!
{% elif error_code==5 %}
Passwords donot match!
{% elif error_code==6 %}
There was some problem registering you!
Please try again later!
{% endif %}


{% extends 'layouts/default.html' %} {% block content %}
Best of Bot is an IRC bot/website that tracks the best moments of Daily Tech News Show, an (aptly named) daily tech news podcast hosted by Tom Merritt.
During the Christmas break, Tom does a "best of" show with clips from the previous year. This is obviously a lot of work, so the Best of Bot tracks potential best of moments to help out.
To record a best of moment, join the chat room at irc.dtns.tv, and use the !b
identifier (or bangtag, as I'm calling it) followed by a short description. When it sees this it calculates a timestamp relative to the start of the show video. This timestamp is then used to generate an embedded Youtube video that starts at the correct time right here!
Known issue: For some reason, YouTube's API (which is used to calculate the timestamp) is very slow to update when a video goes live. Because of this, triggering the bot within the first 3-5 minutes of the show will throw an error. Unfortunately, there's not much I can do to work around this, but if you have a solution please send a pull request!
Created by Ali Smith (@40_thieves). Source code for the bot and the website frontend are available on Github under a MIT license. If you find a bug, please let me know or on Twitter or via Github issues!


sales page
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Hello there👋, I’m
Mattia
Junior Software Developer
Italian programmer living in Valencia, Spain 🍝🥘
I love to code! 💻 Drop me a line if I can be of help to you!
My projects —
My archivements —
contact —
The best thing about a boolean is even if you are wrong, you are only off by a bit.


-
BITEXL
A Deed
INTERNSHIP DETAILS DEPARTMENT -
BITEXL
For Students Need.
INTERNSHIP DETAILS DEPARTMENT -
BITEXL
Sponsored by T.I.M.E.
T.I.M.E. DEPARTMENT
BITEXL showcase your abilities and requirements with your responsibilities. Our new site reflects this cooperative relationship and the role that so many Bitians play in ensuring student success.This site is designed to fulfill your requirements related to education in BIT. It provides you with services of open library and events of your college. Apart from education, the kit offers you a platform to showcase your talents by Blog writings, photography, videos and much more. To make this site exciting Team BITEXL enables you to write confessions too, apart from the site’s updated look, you will notice information is more easily accessible and organized with BIT students, parents and educators in mind. This site reflects our continued efforts to communicate effectively and transparently about education in BIT.
To become globally recognised educational website socially and economically. We’ll keep striving for continuous excellence in educational, research, social and technological service to students.
ASK THE EXPERTTo facilitate students of BIT lalpur with ideas, thoughts, solutions, confessions, connections, and all sort of educational problems and realizations of what they are and should connect to.
ASK THE EXPERTBITEXL offers students free library and a variety of topics related to your college syllabus. BITEXL provides you the way to excellence by easy and free access to knowledge of various things around you.
ASK THE EXPERTComputer Science and Applications Department
Bachelor of Buisness Administration
Online library to the ludicrously talented Bitians.
Our esteemed Sir Dr. ANIS HAIDER is a man of great excellence. His field of excellence is MSc, MBA plus Ph.D.(Industrial Physchology).
Coming soon...
Coming soon...


| 82 | (A) | Fro S Systenis his sergeaunt witħ certayne lettirs |
| 79 | (C) | Fro sencyus his seruant . with certeyne letters |
| 80 | (D) | From Systieus his seruaunt wiþ certein lettres |
| 79 | (E) | fro senstyus his seruaunt . with certeyn lettres . |
| (Ex) | ---- no text ---- | |
| 81 | (L) | Fram sensteus his seriant with certayn leteres |
| 76 | (P) | Fra Sisteus his seriaunt with certayne lettres |
| 79 | (U) | From Senstius his seruant / with many straunge letres |
| (V) | ---- no text ---- |


Who am I?
Specialist in Web Development and Mobile Applications at "Centro Universitário Eurípides de Marília" - UNIVEM, Marília/SP - Brazil.
I have been working as a Ruby Developer since December 2012, and during my free time, I take up Freelance projects.


i know that BBL is not meant to work with the CTE.
My problem is after i visited the CTE BL, BBL on the Live BL seems to not load anymore.
I have to restart firefox.
Anyone else have the problem and/or a solution?
Thanks alot, KD
BrainFooLong
Administrator
Hm... Can't reproduce tthat.
Have you exact steps to reproduce?
Topicstarter
tehKD
i go to cte.battlelog.com/bf4/
after that i go to battlelog.battlefield.com/bf4/ and BBL is not loaded anymore
Krayziesoldier
Does not occur here..
Post edited 3 x times, last by
Brady_The
Brady_The
tehKD wrote:
i go to cte.battlelog.com/bf4/
after that i go to battlelog.battlefield.com/bf4/ and BBL is not loaded anymore
How do you switch from cte.battlelog to battlelog? Does it redirect you to http


The Packers Face Tough Choices with 2020 Free Agents
by Gil MartinAs the Green Bay Packers wind down their bye week, we look at the important pending free agents GM Brian Gutekunst will have to make tough decisions on this coming offseason.
These players have been key contributors to the Packers success this season but some of them are unlikely to return in 2020.
Here is an early look at the Packers biggest potential unrestricted free agents and an early analysis of their odds of returning to Green Bay next season. Players are listed in alphabetical order.
WR Geronimo Allison:
Allison was expected to play a major role in the offense this season after the departure of Randall Cobb, but he’s struggled for long stretches of this season.
Thus far, Allison has 23 catches for 211 yards and two touchdowns. He has played through some nagging injuries which have probably hindered his play. Allison plays well in brief spurts but then often disappears for long stretches of games. He has also dropped more passes than expected this season.
Allison will only be 26-years old next season so he should be entering his prime, but the Packers may not have room for him on their roster. He could improve his odds of returning with a strong finish to the season, otherwise, he would have to take a very team-friendly deal to return in 2020.
Odds of Staying: 30 percent
OT Bryan Bulaga:
Bulaga will be 31 next season and is in his 10th season with the Packers. Bulaga has struggled with injuries over the course of his career but when he’s been healthy, he’s been a very good offensive tackle. His strong play has been a reason Aaron Rodgers has had time to throw over the years.
This season, Bulaga got off to an excellent start and was playing at or near a Pro Bowl level over the season’s first eight games.
The Packers tend not to bring back players on the other side of 30, but if he continues to play well, Bulaga could be an exception. The Packers may be more interested in Bulaga on a one or two-year deal rather than a long-term contract. If he can get a long-term deal from another team, Bulaga may be headed elsewhere.
Odds of Staying: 50 percent
K Mason Crosby
Crosby won the kicking battle this preseason over Sam Ficken and has responded with an excellent year. The Packers all-time leading scorer has hit on 13-of-14 field goals this season including the last-second game winner against the Lions and made all 29 of his extra points.
Crosby will be 36 by the start of next season but he shows no signs of losing significant leg strength. His ability to kick well in the cold, windy conditions at Lambeau Field late in the season is another asset that is hard to find in a replacement.
Expect Crosby to sign another one-year deal and be back in camp again in 2020 as the favorite to retain his job.
Odds of Staying: 80 percent
OLB Kyler Fackrell
Fackrell led the Packers with 10.5 sacks in 2018 but saw his role reduced this season after the Pack signed Za’Darius and Preston Smith. The Pack also drafted Rashan Gary who is expected to take on a bigger role next season and beyond.
In 10 games this season, Fackrell has 11 total tackles and 0.5 sacks.
The former third-round pick out of Utah will be 28 at the start of next season and should have some more football left in him.
The Packers won’t have a lot of money to spend on Fackrell but may offer him a backup contract if he wants to return.
Because of the demand for edge rushers, some team will probably offer Fackrell more money to sign elsewhere.
Odds of Staying: 30 percent
TE Marcedes Lewis
Lewis will be 36 by the start of the 2020 campaign. The first question is whether he decides to retire after this season. Lewis remains a good blocker and an experienced voice in the locker room.
In 10 games thus far this year, he has 10 catches for 130 yards.
Jimmy Graham is unlikely to be back in 2020 for salary cap reasons but the Packers will likely look for Jace Sternberger and Robert Tonyan to fill the void first or may look to bring in another veteran.
If Lewis returns, it’s on a one-year, cap-friendly deal.
Odds of Staying: 20 percent
ILB Blake Martinez
Martinez is a tough call for the Packers. He remains a tackling machine and currently leads the team by a large margin with 102 tackles in 10 games. He also has one sack this season.
Martinez is a smart, reliable player but he is not a star. He will be 26 next season and is in the prime of his career. He is a leader on this unit, calling the defensive signals and playing nearly every down.
The problem with Martinez is that he hasn’t made as many sacks or tackles for losses this season and too many of his tackles come five yards or more downfield. He is also average at best in pass coverage.
The Packers don’t have any alternatives on their roster right now, but it’s very likely Martinez will get a higher offer from another team if he hits the open market.
Odds of Staying: 30 percent
CB Tramon Williams
Williams is having a great season for the Packers as their third CB. He’s been strong in coverage and has made 23 total tackles and one interception in 10 games so far this year.
The Louisiana Tech product is respected by everybody in the Packers locker room. He studies the game thoroughly, prepares the right way and has seen just about everything there is to see on the football field.
Williams will be 37 next season which is ancient for a cornerback. The first question is whether he decides to retire.
If he wants to come back, the Packers could offer him a one-year deal to return especially if he continues to play at such a high level the rest of this season.
Odds of Staying: 50 percent
Follow Gil Martin on Twitter @GilPackers
Click here for more great Packers coverage


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Dragoon
Appearances: FF2, FF3, FF4, FF7, FF9, FF10, FF11, FF12RW, FFT, FFTA, FFTA2
Aliases: Lancer
Dragoons have an affinity for dragon killing through their spears and polearms, and often wear dragon-related gear. Their main characteristic is the Jump ability. When activated, they jump out of the battlefield for about the length of a turn. They can't receive damage and can't be controlled during this time. When time expires, the Dragoon delivers an attack from above for much more damage than a normal attack. Very typically, they are the only other class besides Knight that can equip shields and/or heavy armor. And three out of the five character Dragoons have the last name Highwind.
Similar Job Classes: Fighter, Knight, Dragonkin
Expand All Images | Collapse All Images
| FF2 |
|
| NAME: Richard Highwind / Gareth |
| OVERVIEW: Although being a Dragoon, he has no special skills. |
| WEAPONS: Winged sword |
| ATTRIBUTES: High strength, low magic |
| MAGIC: Any |
|
| FF3 |
|
| NAME: Dragoon |
| OVERVIEW: This Dragoon can equip many types of armor, but only spears as weapons. |
| WEAPONS: Thunder Spear, Wind Spear, Holy Spear |
| ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Fight - Attack with equipped weapon
Jump - Leap into the air, removing self from battle for a turn, then delivering a powerful attack
Defend - Increase defense for one turn
Item - Use an item from inventory
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High strength, high agility, low magic |
|
| FF4 |
| |
| NAME: Kain Highwind |
| OVERVIEW: Kain can also use some swords. |
| WEAPONS: Uses spears best |
| ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Jump - Leap into the air, removing the self from battle for a short time, then delivering a powerful attack
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High strength, low magic |
|
| FF5 |
|
| NAME: Dragoon / Lancer |
| OVERVIEW: The Dragoon can also equip knives (like everyone in FF5), and can also absorb small amount of HP/MP from enemies. |
| WEAPONS: Knives, Spears |
| ABILITIES/MAGIC:
!Jump - Leap into the air, removing the self from battle for a short time, then delivering a powerful attack (damage doubled if using spear) (default)
!DrgnSwrd - Absorb HP and MP from enemy
Equip Spears/Lances - Equip any spear despite job class
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High strength, high HP, low magic |
|
| FF7 |
|
| NAME: Cid Highwind |
| OVERVIEW: Cid has four Jump-like limit breaks and one involving a Japanese dragon. |
| WEAPONS: Spears |
| LIMITS:
Boost Jump - Leap into air and bring weapon down on enemy
Dynamite - Light a stick of dynamite and toss it at all enemies
Hyper Jump - Leap into air and bring weapon down, creating energy wave that damages all enemies
Dragon - Summon a dragon to attack the enemy for HP and MP damage
Dragon Dive - Repeatedly jump on all enemies for damage and chance of causing Death
Big Brawl - Jump into a group of enemies and cause damage to all
Highwind - Call the Highwind to unleash damage on all enemies |
| ATTRIBUTES: Low MP, low magic |
|
| FF9 |
| |
| NAME: Freya Crescent |
| OVERVIEW: Freya's outfit resembles Reis, the Dragoner of Tactics, more closely than those of the series. |
| WEAPONS: Spears |
ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Jump - Leap into the air, removing the self from battle for a short time, then delivering a powerful attack
Dragon:
Lancer - Cause damage to HP and MP
Reis's Wind - Cast Regen on party
Cherry Blossom - Make attack 50% stronger than normal attack
Luna - Cast Berserk on all allies and enemies
Six Dragons - Six dragons appear to either fully restore HP and MP, reduce HP and MP to 1, or do nothing
White Draw - Restore MP for the whole party equal to a range of 0 and enemy's level
Dragon Breath - Cause damage to all enemies equal to amount of HP target has lost.
Dragon's Crest - Deliver damage proportional to number of dragons defeated by party.
Trance:
Jump - Leap into the air, removing the self from battle until the trance meter runs out, and shower all enemies with spears every turn
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High magic defense
| | SUPPORT ABILITIES (character specific): Initiative, Dragon Killer, High Jump |
|
| FF10 |
|
| NAME: Kimahri Ronso |
| OVERVIEW: Kimahri is also a Blue Mage. To learn Blue Magic, Kimahri must perform Lancet on the enemy. Because he starts in the middle of the sphere grid, he has the same chance to learn the abilities of any other party members, depending on which direction the player goes. |
| WEAPONS: Spears |
ABILTIIES/MAGIC:
Lancet - Absorb HP/MP from the enemy, and learn Blue Magic spell (if available)
Overdrive: Ronso Rage
Jump - Leap into air and drive weapon into enemy (already learned)
Fire Breath - Fire damage on all enemies
Self-Destruct - Sacrifice self to cause heavy physical damage
Thrust Kick - Single kick for powerful damage
Stone Breath - Attempt to cause Stone to all enemies
Aqua Breath - Water damage to all enemies
Doom - Cast Doom on an enemy
White Wind - Recover HP for all party
Bad Breath - Inflict multiple status effects on all enemies
Mighty Guard - Cast Protect, Shell, and Nul spells on entire party
Nova - Inflict nuclear damage on all enemies |
| ATTRIBUTES: Average in all stats |
|
| FF11 |
|
| NAME: Dragoon |
| OVERVIEW: The dragoon has a pet wyvern with it, with whom it can merge and become more powerful or do an attack on its own. The attack will be either a an elemental breath attack or a healing breath spell, depending on the Dragoon's sub-job. |
| WEAPONS: Uses polearms best |
| ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Spirit Surge - Add wyvern's strength to own
Call Wyvern - Summon a wyvern to fight by side
Ancient Circle - Increases party's resistance against dragons
Jump - Perform jumping attack on enemy
Spirit Link - Sacrifice HP to heal wyvern
High Jump - Perform high jumping attack on enemy
Super Jump - Perform jumping attack on enemy |
| SUPPORTED ABILITIES: Attack Bonus, Accuracy Bonus, Dragon Killer |
| ATTRIBUTES: |
|
| FF12RW |
|
| NAME: Dragon Knight / Dragoon/ Llyud |
| OVERVIEW: Only enemy aegyl can be dragoons, but Llyud holds his own as well. |
| WEAPONS: Spears |
ABILITIES/MAGIC (Dragon Knight / Dragoon):
Jump, Fire Breath, Frost Breath, Storm Breath, Stone Breath, Dragonmend
ABILITIES/MAGIC (Llyud):
Jump
Revive (Give up HP to revive ally)
Lancet (Drain HP from enemy)
Transfuse (Transfer HP from self to ally)
Vanishga (Turn nearby allies invisible)
Crimson Wings (Deal damage in a straight line)
Enfuse Spirit (Give up HP to raise group's attributes)
|
|
| FF: Tactics |
| |
| NAME: Dragoon/Lancer (PSX) |
| OVERVIEW: Dragoons only have the ability to Jump, and learn how to jump further and further. |
| WEAPONS: Spear |
ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Jump: Various skills allowing jumps up to 8 horizontal and 8 vertical panels.
Reaction Abilities: Dragonheart/Dragon Spirit (PSX) - Protection from death after physical attack
Support Abilities: Equip Polearms/Equip Spear (PSX)
Move Abilities: Ignore Elevation/Ignore Height (PSX) - Jump to any height
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High evasion, high HP, high attack power, low MP, low magic power |
|
| FF: Tactics Advance |
| |
| NAME: Dragoon |
| OVERVIEW: This is strictly a Bangaa job and includes some Dragon-related abilities. |
| WEAPONS: Sword, Spear |
ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Dragon Tech:
Jump - High damage from four squares away (only when spear equipped)
Lancet - Drain HP from target
Wyrmtamer - Make dragon leave battle
Fire Breath - Fire area damage
Bolt Breath - Lightning area damage
Ice Breath - Ice area damage
Wyrmkiller - Heavy damage to dragons
Bangaa Cry - Heavy area damage
Reaction Abilities: Dragonheart - Auto-Life if K.O.'d by physical attack
Support Abilities: None
Combo: Dragon Combo |
|
| ATTRIBUTES: High attack power, low MP |
| FF: Tactics A2 |
| |
| NAME: Dragoon |
| OVERVIEW: Identical to the FFTA Dragoon. |
| WEAPONS: Spears |
ABILITIES/MAGIC:
Dragon Soul:
Jump - High damage from four squares away (only when spear equipped)
Lancet - Drain HP from target
Wyrmtamer - Make dragon leave battle
Fire Breath - Fire area damage
Bolt Breath - Lightning area damage
Ice Breath - Ice area damage
Wyrmkiller - Heavy damage to dragons
Bangaa Cry - Heavy area damage
Reaction Abilities: Dragonheart - Auto-Life if K.O.'d by physical attack
Support Abilities: None
|
|
Traits of Dragoon in Other Games
| FF6: The Dragoon Boots accessory allows the user to use the Jump command. If the Dragon Horn is also equipped, the user can execute four Jump commands in a row. |
| FF8: Ward uses a harpoon, a spear-like weapon, and jumps into the air for his limit break. |
| Tactics: Reis is a Dragonkin, which is not techinically a Dragoon, but heavily involves Dragon enemy types. |
Final Fantasy, all games and animation bearing the Final Fantasy name, and all characters in said games or animation are copyright their respective creators, including but not limited to Squaresoft, Square Enix, Square EA, Tokyo TV, and ADV Films.


query($sql) == true){
echo "Successfully inserted";
}
else {
echo "Error: $sql
$con->error";
}
$con->close();
}
?>
Enter your details and confirm your participation for the trip.
Thanks for submitting your form. We are happy to see you joining us for the US trip.


To customize the width of the tab bar, use the following mixin.
| Mixin | Description |
|---|---|
width($width) |
Customizes the width of the tab bar. |
density($density-scale) |
Sets density scale to default tab bar variant. Use
stacked-density mixin for stacked variant. Supported
density scales -4 , -3 , -2 ,
-1 and 0 . |
stacked-density($density-scale) |
Sets density scale to stacked tab bar variant. Supported density
scales -4 , -3 , -2 ,
-1 and 0 . |
tab-scroller-transition($duration-ms, $timing-function)
|
Sets the CSS transition for the tab scrolling animation. This mixin
is a proxy to mdc-tab-scroller-transition mixin. |
To customize the width of the tab, use the following mixin.
| Mixin | Description |
|---|---|
text-label-color($color) |
Customizes the color of the tab text label. |
icon-color($color) |
Customizes the color of the tab icon. |
states-color($color) |
Customizes the base states color, which affects hover/focus states and the press ripple. |
ink-color($color) |
Customizes the text label, icon, and base states color. |
active-text-label-color($color) |
Customizes the color of the active tab's text label. |
active-icon-color($color) |
Customizes the color of the active tab's icon. |
active-states-color($color) |
Customizes the color of the active tab's states. |
parent-positioning |
Sets the positioning of the MDCTab's parent element so that
MDCTab.computeDimensions() reports the same values in all
browsers. |
fixed-width($width) |
Sets the fixed width of the tab. The tab will never be smaller than the given width. |
horizontal-padding($padding) |
Sets the horizontal padding of the tab. |
height($height) |
Sets custom height to tab bar. |
text-transform($transform) |
Sets tab text-transform property |
| Mixin | Description |
|---|---|
transition($duration-ms, $timing-function) |
Sets the scroll animation duration and, optionally, the timing function. |
To customize the width of the tab indicator, use the following mixin.
| Mixin | Description |
|---|---|
surface |
Mandatory. Must be applied to the parent element of the
mdc-tab-indicator . |
underline-color($color) |
Customizes the color of the underline. |
icon-color($color) |
Customizes the color of the icon subelement. |
underline-height($height) |
Customizes the height of the underline. |
icon-height($height) |
Customizes the height of the icon subelement. |
underline-top-corner-radius($radius) |
Customizes the top left and top right border radius of the underline child element. |


{% load staticfiles %}
All About The World of Finance
Bringing You The Latest News And Information In The World Of Finance
Learn To Manage Your Finances
Know More About Business And Investments In Nigeria And Worldwide
Author: {{ obj.user.get_full_name }}


One para
Two
para
Link to Microsoft.com
old fashioned poor separation of concerns thinking: italic boldface underline
better separation of concerns HTML5 thinking: emphasis strong underline
indented paragraph of quotation
| A | B |
|---|---|
| A1 | A2 |
| B1 | B2 |
những ý nghĩ
😀
&
< > &
© Ӻ ₥


--- title: Create Rmarkdown Document with SAS Code and Output - SAS engine author: Melinda Higgins date: '2019-10-01' slug: create-rmarkdown-document-with-sas-code-and-output-sas-engine categories: - R - SAS - Rmarkdown tags: - R - SAS - Rmarkdown subtitle: '' summary: '' authors: [] lastmod: '2020-09-02' featured: no image: caption: '' focal_point: '' preview_only: no projects: [] ---
To get started using SAS as your statistical software/data processing “engine” take a look at the following article: http://www.ssc.wisc.edu/~hemken/SASworkshops/Markdown/SASmarkdown.html.
Also read up on the SASmarkdown
package https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/SASmarkdown/.
knitr
engineThe following Rmarkdown chunk shows the commands to see what are your current knitr
engine settings.
Be sure to put {r}
after the 3 backticks ``` to create the R chunk.
```{r}
# see what the initial knitr engine settings are
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine.path
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine.opts
```
## [1] "R"
## NULL
## NULL
To get started you need:
C:\Program Files\SASHome\SASFoundation\9.4\sas.exe
.SASmarkdown
package https://cran.r-project.org/web/packages/SASmarkdown/index.html.knitr
options as follows (type these commands into an R chunk - see next section below):saspath <- "C:/Program Files/SASHome/SASFoundation/9.4/sas.exe"
sasopts <- "-nosplash -linesize 75"
knitr::opts_chunk$set(engine="sashtml", engine.path=saspath,
engine.opts=sasopts, comment=NA)
NOTE: You will need to install the SASmarkdown
package first. For this exercise we’re using engine="sashtml"
which works well when knitting to HTML. However, this format will not work if you knit to PDF or DOC. This leverages the ODS output from SAS.
The R chunk below loads the SASmarkdown
package, changes the knitr
engine to "sashtml"
and runs the knitr::opts_chunk$get()
commands again to make sure that the engine has been switched from "R"
to "sashtml"
.
```{r}
# load the SASmarkdown package
library(SASmarkdown)
# set up the options so that knit knows where you SAS executable is
# set the linesize to be easily readable on letter size paper, portrait
# and set the knir options using opts_chunk$set().
saspath <- "C:/Program Files/SASHome/SASFoundation/9.4/sas.exe"
sasopts <- "-nosplash -linesize 75"
knitr::opts_chunk$set(engine="sashtml", engine.path=saspath,
engine.opts=sasopts, comment=NA)
# run these commands to convince yourself that
# within this knitr session the engine changed.
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine.path
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine.opts
```
## [1] "sashtml"
## [1] "C:/Program Files/SASHome/SASFoundation/9.4/sas.exe"
## [1] "-nosplash -linesize 75"
If you want to knit to PDF or DOC, you should change the engine to engine="sas"
. This will NOT use ODS output from SAS.
These R chunk commands are provided for reference but not executed here.
saspath <- "C:/Program Files/SASHome/SASFoundation/9.4/sas.exe"
sasopts <- "-nosplash -linesize 75"
knitr::opts_chunk$set(engine="sas", engine.path=saspath,
engine.opts=sasopts, comment=NA)
SAS
codeThis code chunk below runs the PROC MEANS
command from SAS using the built in dataset sashelp.class
.
```{r}
proc means data=sashelp.class;
run;
```
Here is another example of SAS code chunk using the PROC CORR
commands to see correlations between the variables in the sashelp.class
dataset and visualize the scatterplot matrix.
```{r}
proc corr data=sashelp.class plots=matrix;
run;
```
| 3 Variables: | Age Height Weight |
|---|
| Simple Statistics | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | N | Mean | Std Dev | Sum | Minimum | Maximum |
| Age | 19 | 13.31579 | 1.49267 | 253.00000 | 11.00000 | 16.00000 |
| Height | 19 | 62.33684 | 5.12708 | 1184 | 51.30000 | 72.00000 |
| Weight | 19 | 100.02632 | 22.77393 | 1901 | 50.50000 | 150.00000 |
|
Pearson Correlation Coefficients, N = 19 Prob > |r| under H0: Rho=0 |
|||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | Height | Weight | |||||||
| Age |
|
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| Height |
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While this is great using SAS, if you want to switch back to using R within the same Rmarkdown document, within the same knitr
session, you’ll need to tell knitr
that you are switching engines.
To get this next chunk to run, you’ll need to reset the knitr
engine within the chunk options directly and then use the command knitr::opts_chunk$set(engine="R", engine.path=NULL, engine.opts=NULL, comment=NA)
to reset back to R.
Be sure to put {r, engine='R'}
after the 3 backticks ``` to set this R chunk back to the R engine.
```{r, engine='R'}
# this chunk has the engine set back to `R`
# run a short bit of r code
# scatterplot of cars dataset
plot(cars)
# check the current engine
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine
# reset the engine globally (i.e. so it will work outside of
# this chunk so you don't have to keep typing engine=`R`)
knitr::opts_chunk$set(engine="R", engine.path=NULL,
engine.opts=NULL, comment=NA)
# confirm that this change was applied
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine.path
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine.opts
```
[1] "sashtml"
[1] "R"
NULL
NULL
…and here is another R chunk with no engine defined but the engine was switched back to R in the previous chunk.
```{r}
# this chunk didn't list the engine explicitly, so let's
# make sure the global change carried over into this chunk
knitr::opts_chunk$get()$engine
# and some more R code
# simple linear regression of distance by speed
# for cars dataset
summary(lm(dist ~ speed, data = cars))
```
[1] "R"
Call:
lm(formula = dist ~ speed, data = cars)
Residuals:
Min 1Q Median 3Q Max
-29.069 -9.525 -2.272 9.215 43.201
Coefficients:
Estimate Std. Error t value Pr(>|t|)
(Intercept) -17.5791 6.7584 -2.601 0.0123 *
speed 3.9324 0.4155 9.464 1.49e-12 ***
---
Signif. codes: 0 '***' 0.001 '**' 0.01 '*' 0.05 '.' 0.1 ' ' 1
Residual standard error: 15.38 on 48 degrees of freedom
Multiple R-squared: 0.6511, Adjusted R-squared: 0.6438
F-statistic: 89.57 on 1 and 48 DF, p-value: 1.49e-12
Good luck creating documents with Rmarkdown for SAS code and output.


Kitura-Session
A pluggable framework for managing user sessions in a Swift server using Kitura
Summary
A pluggable framework for managing user sessions in a Swift server using Kitura
Table of Contents
Swift version
The latest version of Kitura-Session requires Swift 4.0. You can download this version of the Swift binaries by following this link. Compatibility with other Swift versions is not guaranteed.
API
In order to use the Session middleware, an instance of Session
has to be created:
public init(secret: String, cookie: [CookieParameter]?=nil, store: Store?=nil)
Where:
- secret is a String to be used for session encoding. It should be a large unguessable string, say minimum 14 characters long.
- cookie is a list of options for session’s cookies. The options are (specified in
CookieParameter
enumeration):name
- cookie’s name, defaults tokitura-session-id
,path
- cookie’s Path attribute defaults to/
,secure
- cookie’s Secure attribute, false by default, andmaxAge
- an NSTimeInterval with cookie’s expiration time in seconds, defaults to -1.0, i.e., no expiration. - store is an instance of a plugin for session backing store that implements
Store
protocol. If not set,InMemoryStore
is used.
The last two parameters are optional.
The secret parameter is used to secure the session ID and ensure that the session ID cannot be guessed. Secret is used to derive a pair of encryption and signature keys via PBKDF2 and a fixed IV to make the session ID cookie be authenticated encrypted. Secret isn’t used directly to encrypt or compute the MAC of the cookie.
Example
This is an example of Session
middleware with KituraSessionRedis
plugin:
import KituraSession
import KituraSessionRedis
let redisStore = RedisStore(redisHost: host, redisPort: port)
let session = Session(secret: "Some secret", store: redisStore)
router.all(middleware: session)
First an instance of RedisStore
is created (see KituraSessionRedis
for more information), then an instance of Session
with the store as parameter is created, and finally it is connected to the desired path.
Plugins
- Redis store
- SQL store using Kuery (community authored)
License
This library is licensed under Apache 2.0. Full license text is available in LICENSE.


<?php /* * This file is part of the Symfony package. * * (c) Fabien Potencier<EMAIL_ADDRESS>* * For the full copyright and license information, please view the LICENSE * file that was distributed with this source code. */
namespace Symfony\Component\Config\Loader;
/** * LoaderResolver selects a loader for a given resource. * * A resource can be anything (e.g. a full path to a config file or a Closure). * Each loader determines whether it can load a resource and how. * * @author Fabien Potencier<EMAIL_ADDRESS>*/ class LoaderResolver implements LoaderResolverInterface { /** * @var LoaderInterface[] An array of LoaderInterface objects */ private $loaders = []; /** * @param LoaderInterface[] $loaders An array of loaders */ public function __construct(array $loaders = []) { foreach ($loaders as $loader) { $this->addLoader($loader); } } /** * {@inheritdoc} */ public function resolve($resource, string $type = null) { foreach ($this->loaders as $loader) { if ($loader->supports($resource, $type)) { return $loader; } } return false; } public function addLoader(LoaderInterface $loader) { $this->loaders[] = $loader; $loader->setResolver($this); } /** * Returns the registered loaders. * * @return LoaderInterface[] An array of LoaderInterface instances */ public function getLoaders() { return $this->loaders; } }


Rijksmuseum Scraper
Type
Schilderij
Key
Start result page (10 items)
End result page (10 items)
Image only
Get total
Preview collection
Preview collection details
Preview painter details
Clear log
ERROR LOG
Results (collection)
Download collection
Download collection details
Download painter details


India's women clinch five gold; two silver for men at Asian Youth Boxing
by PTIULAANBAATAR (Mongolia): It rained gold for India at the Asian Youth Boxing Championship as all five of the country's women finalists emerged victorious while two men signed off with silver medals here on Sunday.
Naorem Chanu (51kg), Vinka (64kg) Sanamacha Chanu (75kg), Poonam (54kg) and Sushma (81kg) fetched the yellow metal for the country in a phenomenal sweep.
Among the men, Selay Soy (49kg) and Ankit Narwal (60kg) settled for the second place after going down in their respective summit clashes.
India signed off with 12 medals in the event with bronze coming from Arundhati Choudhury (69kg), Komalpreet Kaur (+81kg), Jaismine (57kg), Satender Singh (91kg) and Aman (+91kg).
Soy began the proceedings for India, going down to Kazakhstan's Bazarbay Ullu Mukhamedsayfi. Narwal was then defeated by Japan's Reito Tsutsume.
But Poonam defeated China's Weiqi Cai to open India's gold account, to which Sushma added one by going past Kazakhstan's Bakytzhankyzy.
Naorem Chanu got the better of another Kazakh Anel Barkyah. Vinka outpunched China's Haini Nulataiali, while Sanamachu Chanu, a product of the legendary M C Mary Kom's academy in Manipur, edged past Uzbekistan's Navbakhor Khamidova.


Category 1:
Category 2:
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A sitemap can help viewers find their way around your site.Users can click on the pages in the sitemap below to quicky navigate around this site.
Questions, comments, suggestions? Send us feedback.Please contact our Webmaster.


Well Done!You have successfully completed a set of images. Remaining sets still available: _. You can terminate your task here, or you can score another set of images for an extra bonus. Important! If you decide to start a new set, you will be compensated only if you finish the new set.
Would you like to start a new set of images? |
|
Well Done! You have successfully completed all set of images. Click "Next" to conclude the task. |


1.7.4 release
1.7.0 release
1.6.1 release
1.6.0 release
Add support for the cults DLC
Ability to view talents at different masteries
1.5.3 release
1.5.2 release
1.5.0 and 1.5.1 releases, including Possessors
1.4.6 release and Embers of Rage 1.0.3
Embers of Rage has been added! Steamtech, new races and classes, and more.
Details on the Embers of Rage update are available here.
1.4 release. Highlights include improvements to the Doomed and Reaver classes (including a new Rot talent tree). See here for the full list of changes.
1.3.1 release
Add Stone Wardens and Ashes of Urh'Rok DLC.
Recalculate talent effects for 1000 life (instead of the starting value of 100).
1.3 release
Add races, including 1.3's ogres.
Talent effects now reflect character level and saving throws.
Latest updates for 1.3's massive upcoming Chronomancy rework.
Add a search feature.
Update for version 1.2.5 and for work on the upcoming 1.3, including ogre talents.
Update for version 1.2.4.
1.2.4 makes no significant changes to talents, but you can still view the major chronomancy, mindslayer, and wyrmic updates that are planned for future versions.


System Architect Picture "Resource For Completed Activity"
Parent Diagram:
Resource For Activity
(OMT Object Model)


Select the most relevant intention expressed by the text.
Example: I would like to return a pair of shoes
Intent: Return


Operations
- id : Integer
Unique ID of the process definition
- name : String
Name given to the process definition
- logo_url : String
URL to a logo image
- author : Integer
Unique ID of the user who created the process definition
- description : String
Textual description of the semantics of the process
- string_parameters : String
JSON-formatted array (treated as a set) giving the list of string parameters of the process
- file_parameters : String
JSON-formatted array (treated as a set) giving the list of file parameters of the process
- implementations : List
List of IDs of the corresponding process implementations


Presentation of a medium size disturbance Rf=0.005. The time series holds 1834 values. X represents the water level, T represents the temperature and P represents the Pressure. On the left hand side of the figure, one sees the purple line with 35% computed outlier mismatches from the measured water level represented by the black line. The left hand lower panel represents the fit of the red line with the measure values. Middle lower panel represents the combined purple, red and black lines. The real hourly data of the Stammerdijk gave rise to per 5 minutes computed values based on the random factor Rf=0.005.
Presentation of a relative high disturbance Rf=0.1. The time series holds 1834 values. X represents the water level, T represents the temperature and P represents the Pressure. On the left hand side of the figure, one sees the purple line with 84% computed outlier mismatches from the measured water level represented by the black line. The left hand lower panel represents the fit of the red line with the measure values. Middle lower panel represents the combined purple, red and black lines. The real hourly data of the Stammerdijk gave rise to per 5 minutes computed values based on the random factor Rf=0.1.


--- layout: default title: React Redux courses and on-site private training description: React Redux courses and on-site private training. Intenisive bootcamps and small groups. menu: training ---
Technology evolves fast, JavaScript especially nowadays. New technology helps you build more features with less bugs. The tech market is very competitive and hiring great developers is difficult. It's more effective to train them than to find them. Training also increases employee retention.
Invest in learning technology that is tested, and it’s reliable. ReactJS is used by Facebook massively in its production systems. If it's massively used in production by a business with more than 1 billion users, it must work. With ReactJS you can create quickly complex user interfaces, easy to change, easy to debug (less bugs), and very performant.
To become a good ReactJS developer, developers must become simply good JavaScript developers. They must learn patterns and principles, and not just specific skills of a specific framework. Why is it good? It’s easier to reuse those skills across different technologies. In other words developers can adapt faster to new technologies.


string_split(s, @optional delim = \space, include_empty = false)
Split the string s
and return the parts as a list of strings.
Delim
should be a character, a list of characters or a predicate that accepts a
character as its sole argument.
If delim
is a character, s
is split at each position where delim
occurs.
If delim
is a list of characters, s
is split at each position where one of those
characters occur.
If delim
is a function, it is called with each character in s
as argument.
If delim
returns true
for a character, s
is split at that point and that part is
added to the result list.
If include_empty
is true
, empty parts are also included in the result.
let s = "hello, world"
string_split(s)
// [hello,, world]
string_split(s, \,)
// [hello, world]
string_split(s, ^(c) char_is_eq(c, \l))
// [he, o wor, d]
s = "1;2.3,4.5;6"
string_split(s, [\;, \., \,])
// [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]
string_split(s, [\;, \,])
// [1, 2.3, 4.5, 6]


Optimize Angular app
Dev mode
Dev mode
Bundling
Only the application
The application and all dependencies
Tree shaking
With Rollup
With Webpack
Ahead of Time (AoT) compilation
With Rollup
With Webpack
Lazy loading
With Webpack
Universal
With Webpack


VGCFGRESTORE
Section: Maintenance Commands (8)Updated: LVM TOOLS 2.02.95(2)-RHEL6 (2012-10-16)
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
vgcfgrestore - restore volume group descriptor areaSYNOPSIS
vgcfgrestore [-d|--debug] [-f|--file filename] [-l[l]|--list] [-h|--help] [-M|--Metadatatype1|2] [-t|--test] [-v|--verbose] VolumeGroupNameDESCRIPTION
vgcfgrestore allows you to restore the metadata of VolumeGroupName from a text backup file produced by vgcfgbackup. You can specify a backup file with --file. If no backup file is specified, the most recent one is used. Use --list for a list of the available backup and archive files of VolumeGroupName.OPTIONS
- -l | --list --- List files pertaining to VolumeGroupName
- List metadata backup and archive files pertaining to VolumeGroupName. May be used with the -f option. Does not restore VolumeGroupName.
- -f | --file filename --- Name of LVM metadata backup file
- Specifies a metadata backup or archive file to be used for restoring VolumeGroupName. Often this file has been created with vgcfgbackup.
- See lvm for common options.
REPLACING PHYSICAL VOLUMES
vgdisplay --partial --verbose will show you the UUIDs and sizes of any PVs that are no longer present. If a PV in the VG is lost and you wish to substitute another of the same size, use pvcreate --restorefile filename --uuid uuid (plus additional arguments as appropriate) to initialise it with the same UUID as the missing PV. Repeat for all other missing PVs in the VG. Then use vgcfgrestore --file filename to restore the volume group's metadata.SEE ALSO
lvm(8), vgcreate(8)
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:34:31 GMT, December 24, 2015


This game is a 3D tetris (or Blockout) variant. Move the block around with the arrow keys. Rotate the block by pressing 'a', 's' or 'd'.
You can quickly place a block by pressing 'space'.
Begin the game by pressing 'enter'.


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113489-new-members/topic/rewriting.20only.20once.html ---
Hi all, is there a way to rewrite something only once? (E.g., when I need to rewrite something on one side of the equation only)
I found this option in the reference manual, which was for Lean 2, and it doesn't seem to work now.
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib/blob/master/docs/extras/conv.md
That powerful tool should do the job, although there might be easier solutions in your particular case
https://github.com/leanprover-community/mathlib/blob/master/docs/extras/conv.md
Amazing. Thank you!
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


What are your hopes and ambitions for your company in 5 or 10 years' time? If you have a good idea of where you want your company to be, you're ready to consider how exporting can help you achieve this.
Common benefits of exporting include:
Establishing clear objectives will help you realise your export ambitions. To give you the best chance of success, they should be:
Don’t list too many – around 5 is a good number. You can change or amend your objectives as you refine your export plan.


Expert Advice
Post-race running — when can I run again?
Returning to top form takes time and patience.
While it might be tempting to get right back out there running, don't shortchange yourself and skimp on giving your body the recovery time it needs. Some experts suggest one day of recovery for every mile you raced, thus ten days of no hard racing or running after the Blue Cross Broad Street Run.
Post-race activity schedule
Monday: Rest, rest, rest. Take it easy today and give yourself the day off from exercise. You should consider going for a walk and doing some light stretches to help stave off any post-race stiffness.
Tuesday: Moderately increase your activity and keep walking and stretching.
Wednesday: Today you can continue walking or start jogging for the same number of minutes that you would normally run.
Thursday – Wednesday: Use the next seven days to return to your exercise program gradually. Consider cross-training, but don't push yourself too hard — you are still in recovery mode.
After ten days of recovery and light exercise, you should be back up to speed and cleared to run again.
Pre-run checklist:
• you are well rested and hydrated;
• all post-race soreness has subsided;
• blister sites are pain-free;
• you are injury-free.
Now is the time to pick your next race or event to help you maintain your motivation.


Sign up to volunteer with the Red Cross
Donate to the Redwood Credit Union North Bay Fire Relief Fund


CFA Textbook
--------------------
Study Session 2 Quantitative Methods : Basic
Concepts
--------------------
Reading 7 Discounted Cash Flow Applications
--------------------
Summary
- The net present value (NPV) of a project is the present value
of its cash inflows minus the present value of its cash outflows. The
internal rate of return (IRR) is the discount rate that makes NPV
equal to 0. We can interpret IRR as an expected compound return only
when all interim cash flows can be reinvested at the internal rate of
return and the investment is maintained to maturity.
- The NPV rule for decision making is to accept all projects
with positive NPV or, if projects are mutually exclusive, to accept
the project with the higher positive NPV. With mutually exclusive
projects, we rely on the NPV rule. The IRR rule is to accept all
projects with an internal rate of return exceeding the required rate
of return. The IRR rule can be affected by problems of scale and
timing of cash flows.
- Money-weighted rate of return and time-weighted rate of
return are two alternative methods for calculating portfolio returns
in a multiperiod setting when the portfolio is subject to additions
and withdrawals. Time-weighted rate of return is the standard in the
investment management industry. Money-weighted rate of return can be
appropriate if the investor exercises control over additions and
withdrawals to the portfolio.
- The money-weighted rate of return is the internal rate of
return on a portfolio, taking account of all cash flows.
- The time-weighted rate of return removes the effects of
timing and amount of withdrawals and additions to the portfolio and
reflects the compound rate of growth of one unit of currency invested
over a stated measurement period.
- The bank discount yield for US Treasury bills (and other
money-market instruments sold on a discount basis) is given by rBD =
(F − P0)/F × 360/t = D/F × 360/t, where F is the face amount to be
received at maturity, P0 is the price of the Treasury bill, t is the
number of days to maturity, and D is the dollar discount.
- For a stated holding period or horizon, holding period yield
(HPY) = (Ending price − Beginning price + Cash
distributions)/(Beginning price). For a US Treasury bill, HPY = D/P0.
- The effective annual yield (EAY) is (1 + HPY)365/t
− 1.
- The money market yield is given by rMM = HPY ×
360/t, where t is the number of days to maturity.
- For a Treasury bill, money market yield can be obtained from
the bank discount yield using rMM = (360 × rBD)/(360
− t × rBD).
- We can convert back and forth between holding period yields,
money market yields, and effective annual yields by using the holding
period yield, which is common to all the calculations.
- The bond equivalent yield of a yield stated on a semiannual
basis is that yield multiplied by 2.
中文手册整理
- 净现值 vs 内部收益率
- 净现值NPV = 现值-成本 = 投资项目总现金流的现值，NPV>0时可以接受项目
- 内部收益率 IRR，是令净现值为零的利率，IRR大于要求收益率时可以接受项目
- 互斥项目（mutually exclusive project），NPV和IRR结论矛盾时，用NPV结论
- 收益率
- 复利用365天作为一年，单利用360天作为一年
- 持有期收益率
- 有效年利率，年化收益率，复利年化收益率
- 银行贴现收益率，购买价格P，票面价格F，只有T-bill使用
- 货币市场收益率，购买价格P，票面价格F，单利年化收益率
- 债券等价收益率，bond equivalent yield，BEY，价格P，到期本金M，每期付息C
- 货币加权收益率，特定形式的内部收益率
- 时间加权收益率，几何平均收益率
--------------------
Next Reading


Expertise. Excellence.
Our knowledge and expertise drive our success. We creatively bring together different areas we excel at.
BITCOINTECHNOLOGIES
BUSINESSSOLUTIONS
BUSINESSANALYSIS
PROJECTMANAGEMENT


You now have the power to transform your new-gen workforce into future leaders, digital
virtuosos, and problem-solvers.
It's all about giving them the right digital tools that will carry them - and you - into
the future. Tools that will liberate them and unleash their potential.
The laptop your new-gen workforce needs
to get ahead is here.
Be sure to be there so you can
experience the device of the future
for yourself.
The Lenovo
ThinkBook. BUILT FOR BUSINESS. DESIGNED FOR YOU.


| Methods' Details |
getDOMImplementation
- Description
- Obtain an instance of a DOMImplementation object.
|
|
isNamespaceAware
| boolean |
| isNamespaceAware(); |
- Description
- Indicates whether or not this parser is configured to understand
namespaces.
|
|
isValidating
- Description
- Indicates whether or not this parser is configured to validate XML
documents.
|
|
newDocument
- Description
- Obtain a new instance of a DOM Document object to build a DOM tree
with.
|
|
parse
- Description
- Parse the content of the given InputStream as an XML document and
return a new DOM Document object.
|
|
parseURI
- Description
- Parse the content of the given URI as an XML document and return
a new DOM Document object.
|
|
setEntityResolver
- Description
- Specify the EntityResolver to be used to resolve entities present
in the XML document to be parsed.
|
|
setErrorHandler
- Description
- Specify the ErrorHandler to be used to report errors present in
the XML document to be parsed.
|
|
Copyright © 2013, The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. Apache, the Apache feather logo, Apache OpenOffice and OpenOffice.org are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.


PsychoPy provides a simple and intuitive way for you to calibrate your monitor and provide other information about it and then import that information into your experiment.
Information is inserted in the Monitor Center (Tools menu), which allows you to store information about multiple monitors and keep track of multiple calibrations for the same monitor.
For experiments written in the Builder view, you can then import this information by simply specifying the name of the monitor that you wish to use in the Experiment settings dialog. For experiments created as scripts you can retrieve the information when creating the Window
by simply naming the monitor that you created in Monitor Center. e.g.:
from psychopy import visual
win = visual.Window([1024,768], mon='SonyG500')
Of course, the name of the monitor in the script needs to match perfectly the name given in the Monitor Center.
One of the particular features of PsychoPy is that you can specify the size and location of stimuli in units that are independent of your particular setup, such as degrees of visual angle (see Units for the window and stimuli). In order for this to be possible you need to inform PsychoPy of some characteristics of your monitor. Your choice of units determines the information you need to provide:
Units Requires ‘norm’ (normalised to width/height) n/a ‘pix’ (pixels) Screen width in pixels ‘cm’ (centimeters on the screen) Screen width in pixels and screen width in cm ‘deg’ (degrees of visual angle) Screen width (pixels), screen width (cm) and distance (cm)
PsychoPy can also store and use information about the gamma correction required for your monitor. If you have a Spectrascan PR650 (other devices will hopefully be added) you can perform an automated calibration in which PsychoPy will measure the necessary gamma value to be applied to your monitor. Alternatively this can be added manually into the grid to the right of the Monitor Center. To run a calibration, connect the PR650 via the serial port and, immediately after turning it on press the Find PR650 button in the Monitor Center.
Note that, if you don’t have a photometer to hand then there is a method for determining the necessary gamma value psychophysically included in PsychoPy (see gammaMotionNull and gammaMotionAnalysis in the demos menu).
The two additional tables in the Calibration box of the Monitor Center provide conversion from DKL and LMS colour spaces to RGB.


|
Knight's Tour Generator
Tourneys and the Fast Generation and Obfuscation of Closed Knight's Tours
|
Base chessboard. More...
#include <BaseBoard.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| CBaseBoard () | |
| Constructor. More... | |
| CBaseBoard (UINT n) | |
| Constructor. More... | |
| CBaseBoard (UINT w, UINT h) | |
| Constructor. More... | |
| CBaseBoard (int move[], UINT w, UINT h) | |
| Constructor. More... | |
| ~CBaseBoard () | |
| Destructor. More... | |
| void | Clear () |
| Clear the board of moves. More... | |
| void | MakeDirected () |
| Make into a directed board. More... | |
| void | MakeUndirected () |
| Make into an undirected board. More... | |
| bool | IsTour () |
| Knight's tour test. More... | |
| bool | IsTourney () |
| Tourney test. More... | |
| bool | IsDirected () |
| Directed board test. More... | |
| bool | IsUndirected () |
| Undirected board test. More... | |
| bool | IsKnightMove (int i, int j) |
| Knight's move test. More... | |
| bool | IsUnused (int index) |
| Test for unused cell. More... | |
| bool | IsUnused (int pos, const MoveDelta &delta) |
| Move is to unused cell. More... | |
| bool | IsOnBoard (int pos, const MoveDelta &delta) |
| Move stays on board. More... | |
| int | GetAvailableMoveCount (int index) |
| Get number of moves from a cell. More... | |
| bool | InsertUndirectedMove (int src, int dest) |
| Insert an undirected move. More... | |
| bool | InsertDirectedMove (int src, int dest) |
| Insert a directed move. More... | |
| bool | DeleteMove (int src, int dest) |
| Delete a move. More... | |
| void | Save (std::string &name) |
| Save board to a text file. More... | |
| void | SaveToSVG (std::string &name) |
| Save to an SVG file. More... | |
| int | GetMoveIndex (int src, int dest) |
| Get move index. More... | |
| void | CopyToSubBoard (CBaseBoard &b, int x, int y) |
| Copy to sub-board. More... | |
| int | GetWidth () |
| Get width. More... | |
| int | GetHeight () |
| Get height. More... | |
| int | GetSize () |
| Get size. More... | |
| int | operator[] (int index) |
| Get a move from the board. More... | |
Protected Member Functions | |
| bool | CellIndexInRange (int index) |
| Index in range test. More... | |
| bool | InRangeX (int x) |
| X coordinate in range test. More... | |
| bool | InRangeY (int y) |
| Y coordinate in range test. More... | |
| bool | IsMove (int i, int j) |
| Move test. More... | |
| int | GetDest (int i, const MoveDelta &delta) |
| Get destination of move. More... | |
| UINT | GetTourneyIds (int *&id) |
| Get tourney identifier for each cell. More... | |
Protected Attributes | |
| CRandom | m_cRandom |
| PRNG. | |
| UINT | m_nWidth = 0 |
| Board width in cells. | |
| UINT | m_nHeight = 0 |
| Board height in cells. | |
| UINT | m_nSize = 0 |
| Board size in cells. | |
| int * | m_nMove = nullptr |
| Primary move table. | |
| int * | m_nMove2 = nullptr |
| Secondary move table. | |
The base chessboard provides the basic functionality needed to manipulate knight's tours and contains no new ideas from the paper. It records for each cell the two cells reachable from there via a knight's move from that cell while on a knight's tour or tourney. It is intended that the moves be knight's moves and that they form a tourney (a cycle cover of the knight's graph).
A board can be undirected or directed. The preferred state of the board is to be undirected, however, some of the algorithms that operate on knight's tours or tourneys run faster ondirected boards than on undirected ones up to a linear factor. We will use the convention that such algorithms will begin with a undirected board which they will first make directed, and that they will return an undirected board. There are obvious linear time algorithms for converting a tourney on an undirected board to a tourney on a directed board which maintaining the number of cycles, and vice-versa.
A directed board has two move tables m_nMove and m_nMove2. A knight's tour or tourney in a directed board can be found by starting at an unvisited cell i, moving to cell j = m_nMove[i], then repeatedly moving to either cell j = m_nMove[j] or m_nMove2[j] (whichever doesn't take us back to the previous cell) until cell i is reached again. For a tourney, repeat this until all cells have been visited. For a closed knight's tour it is sufficient to do this once.
An undirected board has only one move table m_nMove, and m_nMove2 is NULL. A knight's tour or tourney in an undirected board can be found by starting at an unvisited cell i, moving to cell j = m_nMove[i], then repeatedly moving to cell j = m_nMove[j] until cell i is reached again. For a tourney, repeat this until all cells have been visited. For a closed knight's tour it is sufficient to do this once.
Definition at line 69 of file BaseBoard.h.
| CBaseBoard::CBaseBoard | ( | ) |
Construct an empty board.
Definition at line 36 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| CBaseBoard::CBaseBoard | ( | UINT | n | ) |
Construct a square undirected board.
| n | Board width and height. |
Definition at line 42 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
Construct a rectangular undirected board.
| w | Board width. |
| h | Board height. |
Definition at line 49 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
Construct an undirected board from a move table.
| w | Board width. |
| h | Board height. |
| move | A \(w \times h\) move table. |
Definition at line 68 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| CBaseBoard::~CBaseBoard | ( | ) |
Delete the move tables.
Definition at line 81 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
|
protected |
Test whether a cell index is in the correct range to be on the board.
| index | Cell index to test. |
Definition at line 102 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| void CBaseBoard::Clear | ( | ) |
Make every entry in the primary move table UNUSED and delete the secondary move table so that the cleared board is undirected.
Definition at line 89 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| void CBaseBoard::CopyToSubBoard | ( | CBaseBoard & | b, |
| int | x0, | ||
| int | y0 | ||
| ) |
Copy a board into a sub-board of this board. Assumes that the board to be copied in is undirected.
| b | Undirected board to copy in. |
| x0 | Column of first cell in which to copy b. |
| y0 | Row of first cell in which to copy b. |
Definition at line 443 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::DeleteMove | ( | int | src, |
| int | dest | ||
| ) |
Delete a move. Works for both directed and undirected boards.
| src | One end of move to delete. |
| dest | The other end of move to delete. |
Definition at line 528 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| int CBaseBoard::GetAvailableMoveCount | ( | int | index | ) |
Count the number of available moves from a given cell, that is, knight's moves that stay on the board and go to an unused cell. Assumes that the board is undirected.
| index | Board cell index. |
Definition at line 205 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
|
protected |
Compute the destination of a move, given the cell index and the horizontal and vertical deltas of a move.
| i | Cell index. |
| delta | Move deltas. |
Definition at line 393 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| int CBaseBoard::GetHeight | ( | ) |
| int CBaseBoard::GetMoveIndex | ( | int | src, |
| int | dest | ||
| ) |
Compute the index of a knight's move given the indexes of the cells. Returns UNUSED if the move is not as knight's move.
| src | Index of source cell. |
| dest | Index of destination cell. |
Definition at line 408 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| int CBaseBoard::GetSize | ( | ) |
Reader function for size (width times height).
Definition at line 808 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
|
protected |
Assign a tourney identifier to each cell. This function works by numbering the cycles and sets the id entry for each cell in a cycle to be the cycle number in the order in which the cycles are found.
| id | [out] Array of tourney identifiers, one for each cell. |
Definition at line 599 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| int CBaseBoard::GetWidth | ( | ) |
|
protected |
Test whether a horizontal coordinate is on the board.
| x | An x-coordinate. |
Definition at line 110 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
|
protected |
Test whether a vertical coordinate is on the board.
| y | A y-coordinate. |
Definition at line 118 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::InsertDirectedMove | ( | int | src, |
| int | dest | ||
| ) |
Insert a directed move. Assumes that the board is directed.
| src | One end of move to insert. |
| dest | The other end of move to insert. |
Definition at line 501 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::InsertUndirectedMove | ( | int | src, |
| int | dest | ||
| ) |
Insert an undirected move. Assumes that the board is undirected.
| src | One end of move to insert. |
| dest | The other end of move to insert. |
Definition at line 482 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::IsDirected | ( | ) |
Test whether the board is directed, that is, it is not undirected.
Definition at line 319 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::IsKnightMove | ( | int | i, |
| int | j | ||
| ) |
Test whether two cells are separated by a knight's move.
| i | Board cell index. |
| j | Board cell index. |
Definition at line 138 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
|
protected |
Test whether a move is recorded in the move tables.
| i | Board index. |
| j | Board index. |
Definition at line 127 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::IsOnBoard | ( | int | pos, |
| const MoveDelta & | d | ||
| ) |
Test whether a move stays on the board. Assumes that the board is undirected.
| pos | Cell index. |
| d | Move delta. |
Definition at line 190 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::IsTour | ( | ) |
Knight's tour test for both directed and undirected boards.
Definition at line 240 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::IsTourney | ( | ) |
Tourney test for both directed and undirected boards.
Definition at line 268 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::IsUndirected | ( | ) |
Test whether the board is undirected. If it is, then m_nMove2 will be NULL and vice-versa.
Definition at line 327 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::IsUnused | ( | int | index | ) |
Test whether a cell is unused. Cells outside of the board are reported to be used. Note that this is different from the behaviour of GetMove(), which reports cells outside the board to be unused. Assumes that the board is undirected.
| index | Cell index. |
Definition at line 161 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| bool CBaseBoard::IsUnused | ( | int | pos, |
| const MoveDelta & | d | ||
| ) |
Test whether a move ends up in an occupied (used) cell in a partially constructed knight's tour or tourney. If the move takes us off the board, then the cell is reported as used. Assumes that the board is undirected.
| pos | Board cell index. |
| d | Move deltas for a knight's move. |
Definition at line 174 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| void CBaseBoard::MakeDirected | ( | ) |
Make into a directed board by creating the second move table and copying the edges in the first move table into back edges in the second one.
Definition at line 335 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| void CBaseBoard::MakeUndirected | ( | ) |
Make into an undirected board by reorganizing the move order. It is assumed that the directed board contains a tourney. If not, then this function does nothing.
Definition at line 351 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| int CBaseBoard::operator[] | ( | int | index | ) |
Get move from a cell. Cells outside of the board are reported as UNUSED. Note that this is different from the behaviour of IsUnused(), which reports cells outside the board to be used. Assumes that the board is undirected.
| index | Cell index. |
Definition at line 232 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| void CBaseBoard::Save | ( | std::string & | name | ) |
Save the board's move table to a text file. For example, if you saved an \(8 \times 8\) knight's tour, then it might look like the image below. For each board cell from top to bottom and left to right, the file lists the index of the move (in row-major order) that a knight on the knight's tour or tourney will use next when in cell. Assumes that the board is undirected.
| name | Root of file name. |
Definition at line 571 of file BaseBoard.cpp.
| void CBaseBoard::SaveToSVG | ( | std::string & | name | ) |
Save the board to an SVG file suitable for display on a web page. Open it up in your favorite browser. SVG files can be quite large, but the upside is that they are vector graphics, so they zoom very well without pixelization. Assumes that the board is undirected.
| name | Root of file name. |
Definition at line 641 of file BaseBoard.cpp.


JavaScript Diagram Builder - Iframe Example
By using an iframe as _DiagramTarget you can put a diagram to a relative position within a
webpage (for instance after text 1 and before text 2). With this there is no need anymore to use absolute positioned
divs to keep the text outside of the diagram area. Test it by altering the width of your window and see
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HTML 4.0 standard, iframes are by now not supported by all web browsers.
This diagram was generated by


motivation: Find your own motivations for learning something.
time: Set aside some time for learning and reflection. Be patient and relaxed throughout the learning process.
learning style: find your optimal learning modalities: visual, auditory, read/write, kinesthetic (physical and emotional experiences).
research
breadth-then-depth: First research a topic broadly to get a clearer mental map, after that go deeper into specific areas of the topic.
notes: Make short notes of important facts and insights. This helps you build a mental map of complex structures.
reflection: Take time to absorb and reflect on the information.
association: Find interesting associations with your own expertise in other topics.
question: Ask critical, rhetorical questions (that come up while researching a topic) and try to find find good answers to those questions. If no good answers are found, make a note of that.
restructure: Correct any mental structures that are insufficient or flawed.
produce: Be creative in your own way with the new insights.
discuss: Talk to other people about your understanding and insights regarding the topic. Be open for other viewpoints.
explain: Can you explain the nuances of the topic quickly and fluently to someone else now?
teach: If you know a lot about a certain topic, can you teach it clearly to someone? What is the most interesting part of the topic for others?


acl acl2010 acl2010-253 acl2010-253-reference knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
Source: pdf
Author: Manabu Sassano ; Sadao Kurohashi
Abstract: We investigate active learning methods for Japanese dependency parsing. We propose active learning methods of using partial dependency relations in a given sentence for parsing and evaluate their effectiveness empirically. Furthermore, we utilize syntactic constraints of Japanese to obtain more labeled examples from precious labeled ones that annotators give. Experimental results show that our proposed methods improve considerably the learning curve of Japanese dependency parsing. In order to achieve an accuracy of over 88.3%, one of our methods requires only 34.4% of labeled examples as compared to passive learning.