Count the number of set bits (population counting) in a string.
By default all the bytes contained in the string are examined. It is possible to specify the counting operation only in an interval passing the additional arguments start and end.
Like for the GETRANGE command start and end can contain negative values in order to index bytes starting from the end of the string, where -1 is the last byte, -2 is the penultimate, and so forth.
Non-existent keys are treated as empty strings, so the command will return zero.
Return value
The number of bits set to 1.
例子
OKredis> BITCOUNT mykey
(integer) 26redis> BITCOUNT mykey 0 0
(integer) 4redis> BITCOUNT mykey 1 1
(integer) 6
Pattern: real-time metrics using bitmaps
Bitmaps are a very space-efficient representation of certain kinds of information. One example is a Web application that needs the history of user visits, so that for instance it is possible to determine what users are good targets of beta features.
Using the SETBIT command this is trivial to accomplish, identifying every day with a small progressive integer. For instance day 0 is the first day the application was put online, day 1 the next day, and so forth.
Every time an user performs a page view, the application can register that in the current day the user visited the web site using the SETBIT command setting the bit corresponding to the current day.
Later it will be trivial to know the number of single days the user visited the web site simply calling the BITCOUNT command against the bitmap.
A similar pattern where user IDs are used instead of days is described in the article called "Fast easy realtime metrics using Redis bitmaps".
Performance considerations
In the above example of counting days, even after 10 years the application is
online we still have just 365*10
bits of data per user, that is just 456 bytes
per user.
With this amount of data BITCOUNT is still as fast as any other O(1) Redis
command like GET or INCR.
When the bitmap is big, there are two alternatives:
- Taking a separated key that is incremented every time the bitmap is modified. This can be very efficient and atomic using a small Redis Lua script.
- Running the bitmap incrementally using the BITCOUNT start and end optional parameters, accumulating the results client-side, and optionally caching the result into a key.


Next: adjustable-array-p, Previous: make-array, Up: Arrays Dictionary
adjust-array
array new-dimensions &key element-type
initial-element
initial-contents
fill-pointer
displaced-to
displaced-index-offset
⇒ adjusted-array
array—an array.
new-dimensions—a valid array dimension or a list of valid array dimensions.
element-type—a type specifier.
initial-element—an object. Initial-element must not be supplied if either initial-contents or displaced-to is supplied.
initial-contents—an object. If array has rank greater than zero, then initial-contents is composed of nested sequences, the depth of which must equal the rank of array. Otherwise, array is zero-dimensional and initial-contents supplies the single element. initial-contents must not be supplied if either initial-element or displaced-to is given.
fill-pointer—a valid fill pointer for the array to be created, or t, or nil. The default is nil.
displaced-to—an array or nil. initial-elements and initial-contents must not be supplied if displaced-to is supplied.
displaced-index-offset—an object of type (fixnum 0 n) where n is (array-total-size displaced-to). displaced-index-offset may be supplied only if displaced-to is supplied.
adjusted-array—an array.
adjust-array changes the dimensions or elements of array. The result is an array of the same type and rank as array, that is either the modified array, or a newly created array to which array can be displaced, and that has the given new-dimensions.
New-dimensions specify the size of each dimension of array.
Element-type specifies the type of the elements of the resulting array. If element-type is supplied, the consequences are unspecified if the upgraded array element type of element-type is not the same as the actual array element type of array.
If initial-contents is supplied, it is treated as for make-array. In this case none of the original contents of array appears in the resulting array.
If fill-pointer is an integer, it becomes the fill pointer for the resulting array. If fill-pointer is the symbol t, it indicates that the size of the resulting array should be used as the fill pointer. If fill-pointer is nil, it indicates that the fill pointer should be left as it is.
If displaced-to non-nil, a displaced array is created. The resulting array shares its contents with the array given by displaced-to. The resulting array cannot contain more elements than the array it is displaced to. If displaced-to is not supplied or nil, the resulting array is not a displaced array. If array A is created displaced to array B and subsequently array B is given to adjust-array, array A will still be displaced to array B. Although array might be a displaced array, the resulting array is not a displaced array unless displaced-to is supplied and not nil.
The interaction between adjust-array and displaced arrays is as follows given three arrays, A, B, and~C:
(adjust-array A ...)
The dimensions of A are altered, and the contents rearranged as appropriate. Additional elements of A are taken from initial-element. The use of initial-contents causes all old contents to be discarded.
C after the call
(adjust-array A ... :displaced-to C)
None of the original contents of A appears in A afterwards; A now contains the contents of C, without any rearrangement of C.
before the call, and is displaced to C after the call
(adjust-array A ... :displaced-to B) (adjust-array A ... :displaced-to C)
B and C might be the same. The contents of B do not appear in A afterward unless such contents also happen to be in C If displaced-index-offset is not supplied in the adjust-array call, it defaults to zero; the old offset into B is not retained.
afterward.
(adjust-array A ... :displaced-to B) (adjust-array A ... :displaced-to nil)
A gets a new "data region," and contents of B are copied into it as appropriate to maintain the existing old contents; additional elements of A are taken from initial-element if supplied. However, the use of initial-contents causes all old contents to be discarded.
If displaced-index-offset is supplied, it specifies the offset of the resulting array from the beginning of the array that it is displaced to. If displaced-index-offset is not supplied, the offset is~0. The size of the resulting array plus the offset value cannot exceed the size of the array that it is displaced to.
If only new-dimensions and an initial-element argument are supplied, those elements of array that are still in bounds appear in the resulting array. The elements of the resulting array that are not in the bounds of array are initialized to initial-element; if initial-element is not provided,
the consequences of later reading any such new element of new-array before it has been initialized are undefined.
If initial-contents or displaced-to is supplied, then none of the original contents of array appears in the new array.
The consequences are unspecified if array is adjusted to a size smaller than its fill pointer without supplying the fill-pointer argument so that its fill-pointer is properly adjusted in the process.
If A is displaced to B, the consequences are unspecified if B is adjusted in such a way that it no longer has enough elements to satisfy A.
If adjust-array is applied to an array that is actually adjustable, the array returned is identical to array. If the array returned by adjust-array is distinct from array, then the argument array is unchanged.
Note that if an array A is displaced to another array B, and B is displaced to another array C, and B is altered by adjust-array, A must now refer to the adjust contents of B. This means that an implementation cannot collapse the chain to make A refer to C directly and forget that the chain of reference passes through B. However, caching techniques are permitted as long as they preserve the semantics specified here.
(adjustable-array-p (setq ada (adjust-array (make-array '(2 3) :adjustable t :initial-contents '((a b c) (1 2 3))) '(4 6)))) ⇒ T (array-dimensions ada) ⇒ (4 6) (aref ada 1 1) ⇒ 2 (setq beta (make-array '(2 3) :adjustable t)) ⇒ #2A((NIL NIL NIL) (NIL NIL NIL)) (adjust-array beta '(4 6) :displaced-to ada) ⇒ #2A((A B C NIL NIL NIL) (1 2 3 NIL NIL NIL) (NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL) (NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL NIL)) (array-dimensions beta) ⇒ (4 6) (aref beta 1 1) ⇒ 2
Suppose that the 4-by-4 array in m looks like this:
#2A(( alpha beta gamma delta ) ( epsilon zeta eta theta ) ( iota kappa lambda mu ) ( nu xi omicron pi ))
Then the result of
(adjust-array m '(3 5) :initial-element 'baz)
is a 3-by-5 array with contents
#2A(( alpha beta gamma delta baz ) ( epsilon zeta eta theta baz ) ( iota kappa lambda mu baz ))
An error of type error is signaled if fill-pointer is supplied and non-nil but array has no fill pointer.
adjustable-array-p, make-array, array-dimension-limit, array-total-size-limit, array
Next: adjustable-array-p, Previous: make-array, Up: Arrays Dictionary


Management of the Hospitalized Diabetic Patient - Chapter 19 ...
Avoid use of exclusively sliding-scale insulin · Develop and use pre-printed order sheets. Use carbohydrate-controlled diets. Develop and use a protocol for .
http://www.endotext.org/diabetes/diabetes19/diabetesframe19.htm
Treatment for Herniated or Bulging Discs
Inpatient Management of Hyperglycemia and Diabetes
Jan 1, 2011 . A study comparing scheduled basal/bolus insulin to sliding scale insulin only . goal glucose levels in the basal/bolus group than in the sliding scale only group ( 66 vs. . Raskin P,; Guthrie RA,; Leiter L,; Riis A,; Jovanovic L .
http://clinical.diabetesjournals.org/content/29/1/3.full
Inpatient Diabetes Management: Case 1 | Clinical Correlations
Aug 28, 2007 . D. Start rapid acting insulin sliding scale qAC and check FS qAC, qHS. E. QID Regular Insulin Sliding Scale (RISS). Answer: D As the patient is .
http://www.clinicalcorrelations.org/?p=426
diabetic sliding scale riss Herniated or Bulging Discs
Inpatient Management of Hyperglycemia: The ... - MaineHealth
Nov 5, 2009 . The Diabetes Insulin-Glucose Infusion in Acute Myocardial Infarction (DIGAMI) . Regular Insulin Sliding Scale (RISS) Therapy. 0 2 4 6 8 10 .
http://www.mainehealth.org/workfiles/mh_professional/Inzucchi_Inpatient_Management_of_Hyperglycemia.ppt
Diabetes in Pregnancy Postnatal Care - GRHC
Type 1 and 2 diabetes mellitus and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are important . and 2200 for 24 hours and use low dose sliding scale APP until oral intake . McElduff,A.; Cheung,N.W.; McIntyre,H.D.; Lagstrom,J.A.; Oats,J.J.N.; Ross, .
http://www.grhc.org.au/index.php?option=com_docman&task=doc_download&gid=154&Itemid=264
Official Impairment Listing for Spinal Disorders
Regular Insulin Sliding Scale - What does RISS stand for? Acronyms ...
Acronym, Definition. RISS, Regional Information Sharing System. RISS, Reference Information Storage System (HP). RISS, Rhode Island Soft Systems ( software .
http://acronyms.thefreedictionary.com/Regular+Insulin+Sliding+Scale
- hvac union in kenosha wi (narrowing of the spine)
Barriers to Implementing an Insulin Order Form In a Non-ICU ...
Glycemic control and sliding scale insulin use in medical inpatients with diabetes . Browning LA, Dumo P. Sliding-scale insulin: An antiquated approach to .
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2816149/Diabetes Facts and Guidelines - Endocrinology - Yale University
do NOT leave patients on Regular Insulin Sliding Scale (RISS) as ONLY form of treatment! Adding long/intermediate-acting insulin (e.g., glargine, detemir, NPH) .
http://endocrinology.yale.edu/patient/50135_Yale%20National%20F.pdf
TITLE Improving Glycemic Control on a General Medicine Floor
Diabetes is present in at least 26% of hospitalized patients. Additional . Discontinue Regular insulin sliding scale. Institutional . RISS protocol still in place .
http://www.uthscsa.edu/cpshp/CSEProject/Improving%20Glycemic%20Control%20on%20a%20General%20Medicine%20Floor.pdf
Medical-Vocational Allowance for Herniated Disc
Guidelines for Insulin Use and Care of the - Society of Hospital ...
You can not order sliding scale insulin on top of scheduled regular or lispro insulin, as it would . Adjust sliding scales and basal insulin dosing every 12 days.
http://www.hospitalmedicine.org/AM/Template.cfm?Section=QI_Clinical_Tools&Template=/CM/ContentDisplay.cfm&ContentFileID=1466
Insulin Sliding Scale
This page includes the following topics and synonyms: Insulin Sliding Scale, Correctional Insulin Dosing.
http://www.fpnotebook.com/endo/pharm/InslnSldngScl.htm
Appealing a Denial of Benefits
Peri-operative Diabetes Management Guidelines - Australian ...
Traditional sliding scale insulin is usually ineffective and a. basal-bolus insulin regimen is preferable once the patient has resumed eating when post- .
https://www.diabetessociety.com.au/documents/PerioperativeDiabetesManagementGuidelinesFINALCleanJuly2012.pdf


angular.element
ng
Wraps a raw DOM element or HTML string as a jQuery element.
If jQuery is available, angular.element
is an alias for the
jQuery function. If jQuery is not available, angular.element
delegates to Angular's built-in subset of jQuery, called "jQuery lite" or "jqLite."
To use jQuery, simply load it before DOMContentLoaded
event fired.
jqLite provides only the following jQuery methods:
addClass()
after()
append()
attr()
bind()
- Does not support namespaces, selectors
or eventData
children()
- Does not support selectors
clone()
contents()
css()
data()
eq()
find()
- Limited to lookups by tag namehasClass()
html()
next()
- Does not support selectorson()
- Does not support namespaces, selectors
or eventData
off()
- Does not support namespaces or
selectors
parent()
- Does not support selectorsprepend()
prop()
ready()
remove()
removeAttr()
removeClass()
removeData()
replaceWith()
text()
toggleClass()
triggerHandler()
- Passes a dummy
event object to handlers.
unbind()
- Does not support namespacesval()
wrap()
Angular also provides the following additional methods and events to both jQuery and jqLite:
$destroy
- AngularJS intercepts all jqLite/jQuery's DOM destruction apis and fires
this event
on all DOM nodes being removed. This can be used to clean up any 3rd party bindings to the DOM
element before it is removed.
controller(name)
- retrieves the controller of the current element or its parent. By
default
retrieves controller associated with the ngController
directive. If name
is provided as
camelCase directive name, then the controller for this directive will be retrieved (e.g.
'ngModel'
).
injector()
- retrieves the injector of the current element or its parent.scope()
- retrieves the scope
of the
current
element or its parent.
isolateScope()
- retrieves an isolate scope
if one is attached directly to the
current element. This getter should be used only on elements that contain a directive which starts a
new isolate
scope. Calling scope()
on this element always returns the original non-isolate scope.
inheritedData()
- same as data()
, but walks up the DOM until a value is
found or the top
parent element is reached.
angular.element(element);
| Param | Type | Details |
|---|---|---|
| element | stringDOMElement |
HTML string or DOMElement to be wrapped into jQuery. |
| Object |
jQuery object. |


Mulvaney Also Asks Judge If He Must Comply With House Subpoena
Acting White House Chief of Staff Mick Mulvaney moved Friday night to join a pending lawsuit asking a judge if he must comply with a House subpoena, the hearing for which he’s already skipped.
The Friday night filing, first reported by Politico, may re-up the relevance of the suit filed last month by former deputy to ex-NSA John Bolton Charles Kupperman, who similarly sought advice as to whether or not his testimony was protected by immunity, as the White House claims.
Kupperman’s suit is still pending despite the fact that the House committees tossed his subpoena rather than fight him in court.
“The question whether the President’s authority must give way in the face of a congressional subpoena—the determination Mr. Kupperman has asked this Court to make—is central to the question whether the House may take adverse action against Mr. Mulvaney, as threatened. For that reason, Mr.Mulvaney seeks to intervene here,” wrote Mulvaney’s lawyers.
So far, Democrats have opted to brush off witnesses resistant to testifying, choosing to focus on officials willing to speak out.


Let's compare our results to those stated in the literature. According to , the Earth's temperature is currently 288.3 K or \(15.2^oC \) and the atmospheric emissivity is \(\epsilon_a = 0.78 \text{.}\) If the amount of carbon dixoide in the atmosphere were to double \(\epsilon_a \) is predicted to increase from 0.78 to 0.80 which in turn would cause the Earth's temperature to increase \(1.2^o\) from 288.3 K (\(15.2^oC\)) to 289.5 K (\(16.4^oC \)).
in-context


The Electricity Starter Kit provides a cost-effective solution which helps you better understand your energy consumption recorded by your electricity meter. The kit consists of Q-Power, our smart electricity meter reader, and our small and powerful gateway Q-Stick. Through our online platform HomeManager you can easily monitor and optimize your energy consumption while and control your NorthQ devices and other compatible devices.
Attached to the power meter, Q-Power measures electricity consumption and is compatible with mechanical and electronicpower meters.
A small but powerful gateway which connects to the existing Wi-Fi network and controls up to 16 Z-Wave devices.
Q-Power suitable for mechanical power readers
Q-Power suitable for electronic power readers
Did you forget to switch anything off like the iron, stove or an electric heater? Just log on to HomeManager to see.
Did you forget to switch anything off like the iron, stove or an electric heater? Just log on to HomeManager to see.
Q-Stick
Product specifications
Q-Stick
Product specifications
Q-Stick
Product specifications


This option only works with a few combinations of drives and interfaces which support DMA and which are known to the IDE driver (and with all supported XT interfaces).
In particular, the Intel Triton chipset is supported for bus-mastered DMA operation with many drives (experimental).
It is also a good idea to use the Transfer Mode option in combination with to ensure that the drive itself is programmed for the best DMA mode.
Using DMA does not necessarily provide any improvement in throughput or system performance, but many folks swear by it. Your mileage may vary.


I did amyl nitrate at the Reading festival where I had also been continually drunk and getting no sleep every night. This probably wasn't the best preparation since I did it on the last night. I was told it was something from a tent at the festival entitled legal highs, but I think it was just regular poppers prescribed from somewhere else.
I knew nothing of the effects before I took it; if so I wouldn't have done it because apparently it severely loosens the arse muscles, and knowing the state of the Reading toilets this wasn't a desirable side-effect. Luckily I received no such effect. I sniffed right from the bottle and primarily it had no effect, then the second time I felt an almost instant high. Everyone I was with could tell because my pupils dilated. I immediately fell in love with the drug.
The feeling is hard to describe, like any hallucinogen I suppose, to someone who has not taken it. It is a feeling of immense heaviness, which I found very pleasant. It was as if my senses had been wrapped in a warm blanket, I could just about reply to people and trace the conversation but it was difficult. I basically just felt like smiling idiotically at everyone and everything, and slurring out words of approval about the state I was in. It is comparable to being very suddenly drunk, but there are significant differences, the main one being ther feeling of the amyl in my blood, particuarly around my shoulders and heart, which causes my heartbeat to seriously intensify.
The high experienced was of a depressant sort, skipping the early speed like effecrs I have with alcohol, but despite this I am less tired and more in control with amyl than when I am really really drunk on alcohol. This is a less dizzy feeling than alcohol, the effects seem to be concentrated more around my face and my chest than in the top of my head, if that makes any sense, and I felt a sense of well-being and goodwill towards everyone. It is therefore a better feeling than the late effects of booze, but very different from the early effects of it, which are more social and probably better in my opinion.

This beautiful heavy in love with the world feeling wore off in the manner it came on, all of a sudden. The time period I was high for is difficut to judge, but I guess it was between 2 1/2 and 5 minutes. Afterwards everything wore off, as if I had just swum to the surface after a dive to the bottom of the ocean, and I went back to just being drunk. I was like a kid who had just been on a rollercoaster, I wanted to do it again and again and I was not to be denied. I somehow managed to cajole one of the people I had just met into letting me keep a bottle and take it home with me. I did it four more times, but took less in the form of doses, and saved one hit as a treat for the end of the night, before going to bed, which was about 6/7am.
The next day, after about one hour sleep, I was severely ill, hungover, still quite drunk and I eventually decided still a bit high. On the train on the way home I suffered extreme paranoia and at home everything and everyone was alien to me. Part of this was obviously too much to drink and no sleep, but later on at about 6 pm I was to suffer a comedown from the amyl. It was somewhere between a comedown and an overdose, and it was one of the most horrendous experiences of my life.
It started when my heart started pumping the way it had done the night before. I felt like I was gonna faint so I got the symptoms of a poppers overdose of the Internet, and as I read them I acquired more and more of these symtoms eg palpitations, high heartrate, cold skin, high blood pressure. I was shitting myself but I had to control my heartrate, which was impossibe as I was ODing and afraid due to my lack of experience with these things that I was gonna die or something. The worst of it was I couldn't tell anyone as I would have got in serious trouble. So I stayed up all night (I couldnt sleep) reading and watching TV to try and take my mind off it and therefore control my heartrate. Luckily things gradually improved, and with reflection it was an incredibly mild comedown really, worsened by alcohol withdrawal and the onset of a cold which everyone got after Reading.
I had no idea if there was anything I could do to control my situation, so all I did was drink gallons of water, as this can never be bad! I think it helped because I pissed all the amyl from out of my system and as my piss changed colour gradually away from the murky brown amyl I got better and was just left with bad flu for about a week.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block body %}
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Find out
Before modeling stream metabolism:
Learn how
When you're ready to get started:
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Create your App using the form on the left
1(necessary App Name) No more than 30 characters in Chinese, English and numerals, it can only contain letters and numbers and can not start with special symbols.
2(necessary App bundleId) App's unique identification format is (com. example. app).
3(Non-essential App picture)App's default icon size is 100*100px in JPG/PNG/GIF and no more than one MB in size.
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Proposed Sub-Projects¶
Owl is a very focused system but it indeed covers a wide range of topics from numerical analysis to system programming and optimisation. This page maintains an active list of potential topics which are relevant to Owl. Many of these topics are tightly connected to the cutting-edge research carried by the researchers in the Computer Lab.
Please contact us if you are interested in any of them.
Project 1. Maths and Stats in the Base library¶
Owl’s Base library not only provides fundamental support for its numerical core, but also allows us to compile the code for different backends, from javascript, bytecode, to native code.
This project focuses on enhancing the maths and stats modules in the Base library. The project requires a good understand of mathematics and statistics, as well as some knowledge in special functions. The task is very well-defined and easy to monitor the progress.
This project is very important because the more functions we have in the Base library, the more freedom we can give to programmers to switch between different platforms by allowing them compile the code into pure bytecode, Javascript, mirageOS, and etc. Having a powerful Base library will attract more programmers into OCaml community.
Project 2. Linear Algebra in the Base library¶
This project is very similar to the previous one, but the focus is on the linear algebra. The student is expected to implement basic linear algebra functions such as matrix multiplication, factorisation, and so on.
The outcome can open the possibility of implementing more advanced and complicated analytical functions in unikernel, which will be very useful for building up more advanced micro services in the context of both cloud and edge computing.
Project 3. Ndarray in the Base library¶
Ndarray is the core data structure in Owl. In the Owl Core library, there is already a very efficient implementation based on the CPU backend. However, the pure OCaml implementation in Base library has many limitation. This project focuses on the optimisation of Ndarray module, as well as introducing more tensor operations. E.g. Einstein Summation is one of the functions can be included.
Similarly, the data structure for sparse Ndarray and Matrix is also missing in the Base library, which can also be a potential direction to look into.
Project 4. Probabilistic Programming¶
This project aims to implement a small probabilistic programming language in Owl (refer to Edward). Note the implementation will be different from Church or WebPPL which are trace-based. Instead, The design will be in line with Edward (atop of Tensorflow) which is graph-based model for Bayesian inference.
Many components are already ready in Owl, e.g., efficient random number generation, lazy evaluation, and etc. The student is expect to implement the skeleton of inference engines, such as MCMC engine, variational, HMCMC, and etc.
This project requires a good understand of PPL, Statistics, Bayesian inference, and etc. It is an very interesting topic and challenging project.
Project 5. Machine Learning Applications¶
This project emphasises applying Owl to solve real world problems. Similar to our existing Google Inception V3 demonstration, and recent Neural Style Transfer application. We expect students to build interesting applications by taking advantage of Owl’s numerical power, such as text classification, voice to text translation, and etc.
This project can be tailored based on student’s background, i.e. what he/she is familiar with really.
Project 6. Deep Neural Network¶
This project aims to enhance the Deep Neural Network module in Owl. The current Neural
module is already very powerful and allows us to build very advanced models. However, there are still several types of neuron missing, e.g. transposed convolutional neuron, and etc.
The student is expected to complete the missing features in Neural module and optimise the existing implementation. The background in machine learning, deep neural network, and optimisation is highly appreciated.
Project 7. Optimisation Engine¶
Owl’s optimisation engine is built atop of its algorithmic differentiation module Algodiff
, which itself is a functor. The OCaml code built atop of Optimise functor can be compiled into self-contained Javascript.
This project focuses on extending current optimisation engine with more optimisation functions such as L-BFGS, and etc. The student is also expected add more regression models into Regression
functor. Ideally, the student should have strong background in Statistics and convex optimisation.
Project 8. Signal Processing & ODE¶
Two important modules are currently missing in Owl: integration and signal processing. Please refer to Scipy as below. This project strongly focuses on the implementation of this fundamental functions. Signal processing is more challenging because there are more functions to implement.
The strong background in Mathematical analysis is appreciated.
Project 9. Dynamic Graph Optimisation¶
This project aims to optimise the dynamic graph generated from Algodiff
and Lazy
module. The optimised graph can lead to superior performance in deep neural network and other advanced numerical applications. This is a non-trivial task and requires good understanding of dataflow programming, graph optimisation techniques, and so on.
Refer to
Project 10. GPU Computing¶
This project is to extend Owl’s numerical capability from CPU to GPU using OpenCL. Currently, Owl already has raw interface to OpenCL and has implemented many basic vectorised math functions. Technically, the student is expected to keep building a full-featured Ndarray
module on GPU.
This project requires programming in both OpenCL kernel and OCaml, so the understanding of the relevant technologies is important.
Project 11. Data Processing and Visualisation¶
For most data analysts and scientists, their daily job deals with data processing and visualisation. Efficient (pre-)processing algorithms and effective visualisation techniques together lay a solid foundation for all the modern data analytical platforms.
This project uses Owl as its underlying numerical platform and focusses on developing practical algorithms to handle various data sets. The goal is to provide an efficient and elegant data abstraction layer to other components in Owl.
Another focus is to further develop data visualisation component in Owl. The algorithms of interest range from the basic plots used in classic statistical analysis such as qqplot to the state-of-the-art visualisation techniques such as t-SNE to visualise high-dimensional data. If you are interested in data processing and visualisation, please contact me.


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Typeshed contains external type annotations for the Python standard library and Python builtins, as well as third party packages as contributed by people external to those projects.
This data can e.g. be used for static analysis, type checking or type inference.
For information on how to use typeshed
, read below. Information for
contributors can be found in CONTRIBUTING.md. Please read
it before submitting pull requests; do not report issues with annotations to
the project the stubs are for, but instead report them here to typeshed.
Typeshed supports Python versions 2.7 and 3.6 and up.
If you're just using mypy (or pytype or PyCharm), as opposed to
developing it, you don't need to interact with the typeshed repo at
all: a copy of standard library part of typeshed is bundled with mypy.
And type stubs for third party packages and modules you are using can
be installed from PyPI. For example, if you are using six
and requests
,
you can install the type stubs using
$ pip install types-six types-requests
These PyPI packages follow PEP 561 and are automatically generated by typeshed internal machinery. Also starting from version 0.900 mypy will provide an option to automatically install missing type stub packages (if found on PyPI).
PyCharm, pytype etc. work in a similar way, for more details see documentation for the type-checking tool you are using.
Each Python module is represented by a .pyi
"stub file". This is a
syntactically valid Python file, although it usually cannot be run by
Python 3 (since forward references don't require string quotes). All
the methods are empty.
Python function annotations (PEP 3107) are used to describe the signature of each function or method.
See PEP 484 for the exact syntax of the stub files and CONTRIBUTING.md for the coding style used in typeshed.
This contains stubs for modules in the Python standard library -- which
includes pure Python modules, dynamically loaded extension modules,
hard-linked extension modules, and the builtins. VERSIONS
file lists
the oldest supported Python version where the module is available.
In the stdlib/@python2
subdirectory you can find Python 2 versions of
the stub files that must be kept different for Python 2 and 3, like
builtins.pyi
.
Modules that are not shipped with Python but have a type description in Python
go into stubs
. Each subdirectory there represents a PyPI distribution, and
contains the following:
* METADATA.toml
that specifies oldest version of the source library for
which the stubs are applicable, supported Python versions (Python 3 defaults
to True
, Python 2 defaults to False
), and dependency on other type stub
packages.
* Stubs (i.e. *.pyi
files) for packages and modules that are shipped in the
source distribution. Similar to standard library, if the Python 2 version of
the stubs must be kept separate, it can be put in a @python
subdirectory.
* (Rarely) some docs specific to a given type stub package in README
file.
No other files are allowed in stdlib
and stubs
. When a third party stub is
modified, an updated version of the corresponding distribution will be
automatically uploaded to PyPI shortly (within few hours).
For more information on directory structure and stub versioning, see the relevant section of CONTRIBUTING.md.
Third-party packages are generally removed from typeshed when one of the following criteria is met:
Please read CONTRIBUTING.md before submitting pull requests. If you have questions related to contributing, drop by the typing Gitter.
The tests are automatically run on every PR and push to the repo. Therefore you don't need to run them locally, unless you want to run them before making a pull request or you want to debug some problem without creating several small commits.
There are several tests:
- tests/mypy_test.py
tests typeshed with mypy
- tests/pytype_test.py
tests typeshed with
pytype.
- tests/pyright_test.py
tests typeshed with
pyright.
- tests/mypy_test_suite.py
runs a subset of mypy's test suite using this version of
typeshed.
- tests/check_consistent.py
checks certain files in typeshed remain
consistent with each other.
- tests/stubtest_test.py
checks stubs against the objects at runtime.
- flake8
enforces a style guide.
Run:
$ python3 -m venv .venv3
$ source .venv3/bin/activate
(.venv3)$ pip install -U pip
(.venv3)$ pip install -r requirements-tests-py3.txt
This will install mypy (you need the latest master branch from GitHub),
typed-ast, flake8 (and plugins), pytype, black and isort.
If you want to run the pyright tests, you need to have Node.js installed.
This test requires Python 3.6 or higher; Python 3.6.1 or higher is recommended.
Run using:
(.venv3)$ python3 tests/mypy_test.py
This test is shallow — it verifies that all stubs can be imported but doesn't check whether stubs match their implementation (in the Python standard library or a third-party package). It has an exclude list of modules that are not tested at all, which also lives in the tests directory.
If you are in the typeshed repo that is submodule of the
mypy repo (so ..
refers to the mypy repo), there's a shortcut to run
the mypy tests that avoids installing mypy:
bash
$ PYTHONPATH=../.. python3 tests/mypy_test.py
You can restrict mypy tests to a single version by passing -p2
or -p3.9
:
bash
$ PYTHONPATH=../.. python3 tests/mypy_test.py -p3.9
running mypy --python-version 3.9 --strict-optional # with 342 files
This test requires Python 2.7 and Python 3.6. Pytype will
find these automatically if they're in PATH
, but otherwise you must point to
them with the --python27-exe
and --python36-exe
arguments, respectively.
Run using:
(.venv3)$ python3 tests/pytype_test.py
This test works similarly to mypy_test.py
, except it uses pytype
.
This test requires Node.js to be installed.
This test requires Python 3.5 or higher; Python 3.6.1 or higher is recommended.
Run using:
(.venv3)$ python3 tests/mypy_test_suite.py
This test runs mypy's own test suite using the typeshed code in your repo. This will sometimes catch issues with incorrectly typed stubs, but is much slower than the other tests.
Run using:
python3 tests/check_consistent.py
This test requires Python 3.6 or higher.
Run using
(.venv3)$ python3 tests/stubtest_test.py
This test compares the stdlib stubs against the objects at runtime. Because of
this, the output depends on which version of Python and on what kind of system
it is run.
Thus the easiest way to run this test is via Github Actions on your fork;
if you run it locally, it'll likely complain about system-specific
differences (in e.g, socket
) that the type system cannot capture.
If you need a specific version of Python to repro a CI failure,
pyenv can help.
Due to its dynamic nature, you may run into false positives. In this case, you
can add to the whitelists for each affected Python version in
tests/stubtest_whitelists
. Please file issues for stubtest false positives
at mypy.
To run stubtest against third party stubs, it's easiest to use stubtest
directly, with
(.venv3)$ python3 -m mypy.stubtest \
--custom-typeshed-dir <path-to-typeshed> \
<third-party-module>
stubtest can also help you find things missing from the stubs.
flake8 requires Python 3.6 or higher. Run using:
(.venv3)$ flake8
Note typeshed uses the flake8-pyi
and flake8-bugbear
plugins.


HFRS Hebei incidence density carriage rat virus {border-style px;} #ffffff;} NDVI rate rat's factors province â€". renal cities data fever model China. average syndrome []. study China Rat annual cases correlation number province. px; used {font-family font-size hemorrhagic including regression related reported variables Hemorrhagic double; linear rate. relationship temperature, value yearly âˆ’.* (Table Chin Disease Figure HFRS. P<.). area border-color border-width days epidemiologic factors, infection logarithm meteorological natural population solid; temperature using {font-style {font-weight (%) Epidemiol: Rat's analysis bold control courier; did disease em; epidemic host prevalence province, pt;} remote sensing studies sunshine trend value,


Constructor
new zbDayCalendar()
Create a new zbDayCalendar object.
Members
(static) observedAttributes
Override the observedAttributes function to return the list
of attributes to monitor.
culture :string
Sets the culture to use when showing the date.
Type:
- string
culture :string
Gets the culture used when showning the date.
Type:
- string
value :string
Gets the value of the date currently set.
Type:
- string
value :string
The date to show. The value must be in YYYY-MM-DD format.
Type:
- string
Methods
attributeChangedCallback(name, oldValue, newValue)
Override attributeChangedCallback function to handle attribute changes
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
name |
string | Then name of the attribute that has changed. |
oldValue |
string | The old value of the attribute before it was changed. |
newValue |
string | The new value the attribute is being changed to. |
connectedCallback()
Override connectedCallback function to handle when component is attached into the DOM.


May God be merciful unto us, and bless us, *
and show us the light of his countenance, and be merciful unto us.
Let your way be known upon earth, *
your saving health among all nations.

Then shall the earth bring forth her increase, *
and God, even our own God, shall give us his blessing.
God shall bless us, *
and all the ends of the world shall fear him.


Fourth Edition 2001
Inform allows an author to create a simulated textual world which can be explored by readers using almost any computer. The result is a new literary form, a cryptic puzzle which can also be an immersive fiction.
Since its invention in 1993, Inform has been used to design hundreds of interactive novels and short stories, in eight languages. It has been studied in academic courses on English literature, computer science and theoretical architecture. But Inform is mainly used for fun, by a lively and collaborative Internet community with a wicked sense of humour. This is the long-awaited print edition of the ‘DM4’ and includes a critical history rooting today's interactive writing in the pioneering works of Infocom and the university games of the 1970s.
Graham Nelson is the author of a number of works of interactive fiction, including Curses, Jigsaw, The Meteor, the Stone and a Long Glass of Sherbet and an adaptation of The Tempest. His doctoral thesis, on moduli spaces of flat connections over a Riemann surface, was recently published by the London Mathematical Society, and he has also written on classical Greek translation and modern European verse. In 1997 he won an award from the Society of Authors ‘for British poets under thirty who already show outstanding talent’, and he edits Oxford Poetry, which last year celebrated its ninetieth birthday.
Editor: Gareth Rees
Proofreaders: Torbjörn Andersson, Toby Nelson, Andrew Plotkin
Printed edition managed by: David Cornelson
Cover: Wing of a Roller (watercolour and gouache on vellum, 1512)
by Albrecht Dürer (1471–1528)
The Interactive Fiction Library
(IFLibrary.Org)
P.O. Box 3304, St. Charles, Illinois 60174
Printed in the United States of America
ISBN 0-9713119-0-0 US $29.95


thRoot & thPath
One of the many useful features of Thymeleaf is the TemplateResolver, the mechanism by which templates are located in a web application. At the moment, Thymol has no such facility but takes a much simpler approach.
A Thymeleaf template locator takes the form: "template-name::fragment-name".
In the absence of any matching Thymol mappings, Thymol treats all template-name references as relative file locations, they will be relative to either a (user) defined root directory or relative to the enclosing file's directory location.
After parameter processing, Thymol resolves template locators as follows:
-
If a template-name starts with a period character ('.'), the entire URI is treated as a path relative to the directory of the template containing the reference.
e.g. template-name values like "./pages/header/foobar" or "../parent/sibling1/other" are treated as child or cousin directory tree references as the host operating system would treat them.
-
If a template-name doesn't start with a '.', but it contains no path separator characters ('/'), it's also treated as relative to the enclosing file's directory.
e.g. template-name references like "family" are treated as siblings of the current template, "dynasty/bloggs" are treated as being relative to root.
-
All other template-name values are considered to be root relative references.
Thymol provides two parameters that are used to specify the location to be applied to root relative resolved templates. These parameters are thRoot and thPath.
When a root relative path is required during template resolution, in the absence of any matching Thymol mappings, Thymol uses the concatenation of thRoot + thPath + template-name + ".html" to construct the final file URI.
Examples
-
Add something like this to you template before the script tag for "thymol.js"
<script th:remove="all" type="text/javascript"> var thRoot="~/projects/thymol/distr/Webcontent"; var thPath="examples/thymol-example/hierarchy"; </script>
-
Create a file called "setThPath.js" at location "../assets/js/" relative to your template containing the following code:
var thRoot="~/projects/thymol/distr/Webcontent"; var thPath="examples/thymol-example/hierarchy";
and add this to your template before the script tag for "thymol.js":
<script th:remove="all" type="text/javascript" src="../assets/js/setThPath.js"></script>
or you could alter the script tag for "thymol.js":
<script th:remove="all" type="text/javascript" src="<some-path>/thymol.js" data-thymol-load="../assets/js/setThPath.js"></script>


{% extends "base.html" %} {% import 'rooms/macros/LinkList.html' as LinkList %} {% import 'rooms/macros/sessions.html' as sessions %} {% import 'rooms/macros/RoomFeature.html' as RoomFeature %} {% block scripts %} {% endblock %} {% macro submit_button() -%}


T+00 I injested 2 ambien 10mg pills and snorted one 10mg pill.
T+0015 begininng to feel slightly euphoric so I decide its time to light up a smoke as well as injest 1 cup of coffee. The tobacco smoked cleaner than usual in my inebriated state.

T+0045 I have the irresistable urge to take the Cosby kids down to the river the act was more explosive then most of my past trials.
T+0130 I'm begginng to notice the walls breathing and things going on in my periphrael I decide to try to sleep.
I woke up at 5am with to recollection how I made it upstairs to bed probably the amnesia affects. In short I find out that ambien really doesn't do a whole lot for me though I will still routinely take this amount in hopes of something interesting happening
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


C0 code coverage information
Generated on Mon Mar 02 12:22:13 +0000 2009 with
rcov <IP_ADDRESS>
Code reported as executed by Ruby looks like
this... and this: this line is also marked as
covered. Lines considered as run by rcov, but
not reported by Ruby, look like this, and
this: these lines were inferred by rcov (using simple heuristics).
Finally, here's a line marked as not
executed.
1
class UsersController < ApplicationController 2 layout 'application' 3 before_filter
:not_logged_in_required, :only => [:new, :create] 4 5 before_filter :login_required, :only => [:show,
:edit, :update] 6
before_filter :check_super_user_role, :only => [:index, :destroy,
:enable, :force_activate] 7 8 def
index 9 @users =
User.paginate(:page=> params[:page], 10 :per_page => 30, 11 :order => "email" 12 ) 13 end 14 15 16
def show 17 @user =
User.find(params[:id]) || current_user 18 @mymaps = @user.maps.paginate(:page =>
params[:page],:per_page => 8, :order => "updated_at DESC")
19 @html_title =
@user.login 20 end
21 22 # render new.rhtml 23 def new 24 @user = User.new 25 end 26 27 def create 28 cookies.delete :auth_token 29 @user = User.new(params[:user])
30 @user.save!
31 # Uncomment to have
the user automatically
32 # logged in after creating an account - Not Recommended 33 # self.current_user = @user
34 flash[:notice] =
"Thanks for signing up! Please check your email to activate your
account before logging in. If you dont recieve an email, then %s"
35 flash[:notice_item] =
["click here to resend the email", 36 resend_activation_path] 37 redirect_to login_path 38 rescue
ActiveRecord::RecordInvalid 39 flash[:error] = "There was a problem creating
your account." 40
render :action => 'new' 41 end 42 43
def edit 44 @user =
current_user 45
@html_title = "Edit User Profile - " + @user.login 46 end 47 48 def update 49 @user = User.find(current_user) 50 if
@user.update_attributes(params[:user]) 51 flash[:notice] = "User updated" 52 redirect_to :action =>
'show', :id => current_user 53 else 54 render :action => 'edit' 55 end 56 end 57 58 def destroy 59 @user = User.find(params[:id]) 60 if
@user.update_attribute(:enabled, false) 61 flash[:notice] = "User disabled"
62 else 63 flash[:error] = "There was
a problem disabling this user." 64 end 65 redirect_to :action => 'index' 66 end 67 68 def enable 69 @user = User.find(params[:id]) 70 if
@user.update_attribute(:enabled, true) 71 flash[:notice] = "User enabled" 72 else 73 flash[:error] = "There was
a problem enabling this user." 74 end 75 redirect_to :action => 'index' 76 end 77 78 def activate 79 logout_keeping_session! 80 user =
User.find_by_activation_code(params[:id]) unless params[:id].blank?
81 case 82 when (!params[:id].blank?)
&& user && !user.active? 83 User.find_and_activate!(params[:id]) 84 flash[:notice] = "Signup
complete! Please sign in to continue." 85 redirect_to '/login' 86 when params[:id].blank? 87 flash[:error] = "The
activation code was missing. Please follow the URL from your email."
88
redirect_back_or_default('/') 89 else 90 flash[:error] = "We couldn't find a user with
that activation code -- check your email? Or maybe you've already activated
-- try signing in." 91 redirect_back_or_default('/') 92 end 93 end 94 95
96 # def activate 97 #
@user = User.find_by_activation_code(params[:id]) unless params[:id].blank?
98 # if @user and
@user.activate 99 #
self.current_user = @user 100 # # redirect_back_or_default(:action => 'show')
101 # flash[:notice] =
"Signup complete! Please sign in to continue." 102 # redirect_to login_path
103 # elsif
params[:id].blank? 104
# flash[:error] = "The activation code was missing. Please follow the
URL from your email." 105 # redirect_back_or_default('/') 106 # else 107 # flash[:error] = "We
couldn't find a user with that activation code -- check your email? Or maybe
you've already activated -- try signing in." 108 # redirect_back_or_default('/')
109 # end 110 # end 111 112 #called from admin console
thingy 113 def
force_activate 114
@user = User.find(params[:id]) 115 if<EMAIL_ADDRESS>116 @user.force_activate! 117 if @user.active? 118 flash[:notice] = "User
activated" 119
else 120 flash[:error]
= "There was a problem activating this user." 121 end 122 else 123 flash[:notice] = "User
already active" 124 end 125 redirect_to :action => 'index' 126 end 127 128 def resend_activation 129 return unless request.post?
130 131 @user =
User.find_by_email(params[:email]) 132 if @user &&<EMAIL_ADDRESS>133 flash[:notice] =
"Activation email has been resent, check your email." 134
UserMailer.deliver_signup_notification(@user) 135 redirect_to login_path and
return 136 else
137 flash[:notice] =
"Activation email was not sent, either because the email was not the
same as you gave when you signed up, or you have already been
activated!" 138
139 end 140 end 141 142 end
Generated using the rcov
code coverage analysis tool for Ruby version <IP_ADDRESS>.


| Methods' Details |
setStatementRDFa
- Description
- update the RDFa statement(s) that correspond to an ODF element in the
repository.
This method will do the following steps:
- Remove all previously set RDFa statements for the Object parameter
from the repository
- If the RDFaContent parameter is the empty
string ,
for every Predicate in the given list of Predicates,
add the following RDF statement to an unspecified named graph:
Subject Predicate
XLiteral(Object->getText()^^RDFaDatatype)
- If the RDFaContent parameter is not the empty
string ,
for every Predicate in the given list of Predicates,
add the following RDF statement to an unspecified named graph:
-
Subject Predicate XLiteral(RDFaContent^^RDFaDatatype)
RDFa statements are handled specially because they are not logically
part of any named graph in the repository.
Also, they have rather unusual semantics;
just using XNamedGraph::addStatement would be
ambiguous:
if the object is a XMetadatable, do we insert
the object itself (URI) or its literal content (RDFa)?
- Parameter Subject
- the subject of the RDF triple(s).
- Parameter Predicates
- the predicates of the RDF triple(s).
- Parameter Object
- the object of the RDF triple(s) is the text content of this
parameter.
- Parameter RDFaContent
- the
rdfa:content attribute (may be the empty
string ).
- Parameter RDFaDatatype
- the
rdfa:datatype attribute (may be NULL)
- Throws
- com::sun::star::lang::IllegalArgumentException
if any parameter is NULL, Predicates is empty,
or Object is of a type that can not have RDFa metadata attached.
- Throws
- RepositoryException
if an error occurs when accessing the repository.
|
|
removeStatementRDFa
- Description
- remove the RDFa statement(s) that correspond to an ODF element from the
repository.
RDFa statements are handled specially because they are not logically
part of any graph.
- Parameter Element
- the element whose RDFa statement(s) should be removed
- Throws
- com::sun::star::lang::IllegalArgumentException
if the given Element is NULL, or of a type that can not have
RDFa metadata attached.
- Throws
- RepositoryException
if an error occurs when accessing the repository.
|
|
getStatementRDFa
- Description
- find the RDFa statement(s) associated with an ODF element.
- Parameter Element
- the ODF element for which RDFa statements should be found
- Returns
- if the element has no RDFa meta-data attributes:
the empty sequence.
- if the element has RDFa meta-data attributes:
- a sequence with the RDFa-statements corresponding to the
attributes.
- a flag indicating whether there is a xhtml:content
attribute.
- Throws
- com::sun::star::lang::IllegalArgumentException
if the given Element is NULL, or of a type that can not have
RDFa metadata attached.
- Throws
- RepositoryException
if an error occurs when accessing the repository.
- See also
- Statement
|
|
getStatementsRDFa
- Description
- gets matching RDFa statements from the repository.
This method exists because RDFa statements are not part of any named
graph, and thus they cannot be enumerated with
XNamedGraph::getStatements.
Any parameter may be NULL, which acts as a wildcard.
For example, to get all statements about myURI:
getStatementsRDFa(myURI, null, null)
- Parameter Subject
- the subject of the RDF triple.
- Parameter Predicate
- the predicate of the RDF triple.
- Parameter Object
- the object of the RDF triple.
- Returns
- an iterator over all RDFa statements in the repository that match
the parameters, represented as an
enumeration of Statement
- Throws
- RepositoryException
if an error occurs when accessing the repository.
- See also
- Statement, XRepository::getStatements, XNamedGraph::getStatements
|
|
Copyright © 2013, The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. Apache, the Apache feather logo, Apache OpenOffice and OpenOffice.org are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.


--- layout: software title: EyeSight category: Application projectName: eyesight projectUrl: https://github.com/hawaii-desktop/eyesight version: 0.1.4 releaseDate: 2015-08-23 group: projects permalink: /projects/eyesight/ --- {% include gallery.html %}
EyeSight is a simple image viewer that allows the user to view either a single image, or a whole directory of images.
EyeSight also allows the user to rotate the image, and save the result.
You can find this application on the following distributions:


Developers have long lamented the programming interface provided by the network. It is clear that low-level sockets are not the ideal way to communicate and reason about execution on remote machines. Seattle makes developing networked applications easy and makes the power of cloud computing accessible to all developers. Seattle has a network- and resource-aware programming model that uses a subset of the Python language. This makes it easy to create applications and to integrate with existing code. Using Seattle is free and easy. Seattle helps developers support their application's popularity by having their computational resources scale with their user base.
Quick Links
FAQ
Q: Are there any restrictions on how I use Seattle?
A: See our Acceptable Use Policy.
Q: What is Seattle Clearinghouse and how does it differ from Seattle?
A: Seattle is the core software that all users will run. Seattle Clearinghouse is a website that allows users to share Seattle resources. Some Seattle users may not want to share resources and thus will not use an installer from Seattle Clearinghouse.
Q: Who can access Seattle Clearinghouse resources to run Seattle programs?
A: Anyone. These vessels are publicly available.
Q: What is the difference between a Seattle program and a Seattle application.
A: If the end user means to install it, it's an application. If the end user is oblivious, it's a program.
Each Seattle application is completely unrestricted. A user must try to install a Seattle application. The installation is done through an installer provided by the application developer. As such, the application can do whatever you want on the user's system. Seattle is simply acting like a library that you have access to. Your application installer must enable the sharing Seattle resources with other users. Seattle programs are encapsulated in a Seattle sandbox. They are run safely on user machines that may not have opted into running the application. This allows Seattle programs to be migrated and tested freely on any Seattle node.
Q: How do I integrate a Seattle application with my existing code base?
A: You can call Seattle code easily from Python. Of course, this isn't possible to do with Seattle programs as they aren't trusted to run anything but Seattle code.
Q: The reliance on Repy really limits what I can do. What about supporting programming language X?
A: We're working on a way to do this. More information to come.
Q: Is Seattle under active development?
A: Yes, we have around a dozen active developers.
Q: I want feature X added to the API or language. How do I get this changed?
A: We tend to be very, very cautious about API changes. We are very focused on security. If you are deploying a Seattle application, you can easily do whatever calls you like, but this requires end user opt-in.
Q: What's so great about Seattle?
A: It's designed to be safe and has resource isolation built in. Seattle has a minimal trusted computing base and hard resource allocation. Seattle also is built to allow applications to be perfectly portable. If you find any difference on a different OS, please tell us. We have gone to great pains to ensure Seattle is truly 'write once, run anywhere'. Seattle also allows networked access to other computational resources. Networked code execution and resource allocation are no longer second class citizens.
Q: Doesn't Java provide these characteristics? Isn't it "write once, run anywhere"?
A: No, not really. These were Java design goals, but the designers made trade-offs that sacrificed some of these ideals.


Intro
So you know how there are so many great places in this beautiful country of ours but it's hard to find the one that's just right for you? Well what we do is mash Australia’s recreation facilities into a single overlapping data set to meet this problem. In fact, our product ‘The Aussie Dream Chaser’ allows you to find your own dream Australian haven.


doctest (see also this presentation) is a very clever way to do Python testing. Especially for smaller, highly decoupled functions doctest is wonderfully easy to develop for. However, it can be a bit of a pain -- it is extremely literal. It expects the output to be exactly what you say it will be, down to the smallest bit of whitespace.
This is justified with the idea that doctest tests are documentation as well as tests. The documentation should be completely correct, and people shouldn't be surprised when they try the examples out themselves.
This does not give the reader the credit they deserve. Readers are highly capable of understanding that there are imporant aspects to documentation, and there are incidental aspects. In <SomeObject instance at 0x401edc0c> it's pretty easy to figure out that 0x401edc0c is not an important value. The accepted way to deal with this is to make sure such a value never gets printed. This also applies to all dictionaries, which have an unpredictable key order, and output that includes newlines, which doctest can't parse.
Another suggestion in future directions for doctest (from the presentation) is that there be a series of pretty-printers that display values in a canonical form, removing addresses, ordering dictionary keys, etc.
This is absolutely the wrong idea if you are creating documentation.  This is fine if you are using doctest as a unittest replacement (which is a valid way to avoid unittest's verbosity), but it's no good in documentation.
I think instead that doctest should support both pluggable pretty printers -- pretty printers that aren't explicitly invoked in test expressions -- and that there also be pluggable string equality functions. (Actually I'm unsure about the pretty printers, but very sure about the string equality functions.)
For instance, I have a bunch of code that tests HTML output. I don't care about the order of the attributes, so I have a function that parses the HTML and ignores attribute order. That this happens magically behind the scenes doesn't bother me for documentation -- I expect my readers to ignore the same details that the equality function ignores. I don't want to use some alternate way to represent HTML -- I don't expect the readers to understand some funny nested structure. And the entire point of the narrative form of doctest is defeated if I use the equality function explicitly, because my output becomes meaningless while all information is stored in the expressions. That's awkward and ugly.
In other cases, people may be using floats but aren't concerned with the fact that binary-encoded floats are unpredictable (e.g., 1.9 is displayed as 1.8999999999999999). This detail about float implementations matters a lot in some circumstances, but it should be up to the documentation author whether they want to highlight that difference. For this case an equality test might look like:
def floatEqual(s1, s2): try: return float(s1) == float(s2) except ValueError: return False
Wildcards are another useful way to highlight the interesting part of the output. I've used ... as a wildcard that's documentation-friendly, so you might use the output <SomeObject instance at ...>.
I played with some of these ideas in doctesthacks which, as the name implies, is a bit of a hack. Unfortunately doctest wasn't designed to be modified in this way.
(I was reminded of these testing issues after reading about std.utest, which is a unittest alternative.)
Update: maybe some of these changes are in the works?
There is a recent spurt of development of doctest in python CVS:
http://cvs.sourceforge.net/viewcvs.py/python/python/dist/src/Lib/doctest.py
(A much appreciated spurt.)# Michael


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Propagation with the GMAT API¶
This document walks you through the configuration and use of the GMAT API for propagation.
Prepare the GMAT Environment¶
Before the API can be used, it needs to be loaded into the Python system and initialized using a GMAT startup file. This can be done from the GMAT bin folder by importing the gmatpy module, but using that approach tends to leave pieces in the bin folder that may annoy other users. Running from an outside folder takes a few steps, which have been captured in the run_gmat.py file imported here:
from run_gmat import *
Configure a Spacecraft¶
We’ll need an object to propagate. Here’s a basic one:
sat = gmat.Construct("Spacecraft","LeoSat")
sat.SetField("DateFormat", "UTCGregorian")
sat.SetField("Epoch", "27 Sep 2019 15:05:00.000")
sat.SetField("CoordinateSystem", "EarthMJ2000Eq")
sat.SetField("DisplayStateType", "Keplerian")
sat.SetField("SMA", 7005)
sat.SetField("ECC", 0.008)
sat.SetField("INC", 28.5)
sat.SetField("RAAN", 75)
sat.SetField("AOP", 90)
sat.SetField("TA", 45)
sat.SetField("DryMass", 50)
sat.SetField("Cd", 2.2)
sat.SetField("Cr", 1.8)
sat.SetField("DragArea", 1.5)
sat.SetField("SRPArea", 1.2)
Configure the Forces¶
Next we’ll set up a force model. For this example, we’ll use an Earth 8x8 potential model, with Sun and Moon point masses and Jacchia-Roberts drag. In GMAT, forces are collected in the ODEModel class. That class is scripted as a “ForceModel” in the script language. The API accepts either. The force model is built and its (empty) contents displayed using
fm = gmat.Construct("ForceModel", "TheForces")
fm.Help()
ForceModel TheForces
Field Type Value
--------------------------------------------------------
CentralBody Object Earth
PrimaryBodies ObjectArray {}
PolyhedralBodies ObjectArray {}
PointMasses ObjectArray {}
Drag Object None
SRP OnOff Off
RelativisticCorrection OnOff Off
ErrorControl List RSSStep
UserDefined ObjectArray {}
''
Add the Potential Field¶
In this example, the spacecraft is in Earth orbit. The largest force for the model is the Earth gravity field. We’ll set it to an 8x8 field and add it to the force model using the code
# An 8x8 JGM-3 Gravity Model
earthgrav = gmat.Construct("GravityField")
earthgrav.SetField("BodyName","Earth")
earthgrav.SetField("Degree",8)
earthgrav.SetField("Order",8)
earthgrav.SetField("PotentialFile","JGM2.cof")
# Add forces into the ODEModel container
fm.AddForce(earthgrav)
Add the other forces¶
Next we’ll build and add the Sun, Moon, and Drag forces, and then show the completed force model.
# The Point Masses
moongrav = gmat.Construct("PointMassForce")
moongrav.SetField("BodyName","Luna")
sungrav = gmat.Construct("PointMassForce")
sungrav.SetField("BodyName","Sun")
# Drag using Jacchia-Roberts
jrdrag = gmat.Construct("DragForce")
jrdrag.SetField("AtmosphereModel","JacchiaRoberts")
# Build and set the atmosphere for the model
atmos = gmat.Construct("JacchiaRoberts")
jrdrag.SetReference(atmos)
# Add all of the forces into the ODEModel container
fm.AddForce(moongrav)
fm.AddForce(sungrav)
fm.AddForce(jrdrag)
fm.Help()
ForceModel TheForces
Field Type Value
--------------------------------------------------------
CentralBody Object Earth
PrimaryBodies ObjectArray {Earth}
PolyhedralBodies ObjectArray {}
PointMasses ObjectArray {Luna, Sun}
Drag Object JacchiaRoberts
SRP OnOff Off
RelativisticCorrection OnOff Off
ErrorControl List RSSStep
UserDefined ObjectArray {}
''
In GMAT, the force model scripting shows the settings for each force. In the API, you can examine the settings for the individual forces:
earthgrav.Help()
GravityField
Field Type Value
--------------------------------------------------------
Degree Integer 8
Order Integer 8
StmLimit Integer 100
PotentialFile Filename JGM2.cof
TideFile Filename
TideModel String None
''
or, with a little work, the scripting for the complete force model:
print(fm.GetGeneratingString(0))
Create ForceModel TheForces;
GMAT TheForces.CentralBody = Earth;
GMAT TheForces.PrimaryBodies = {Earth};
GMAT TheForces.PointMasses = {Luna, Sun};
GMAT TheForces.SRP = Off;
GMAT TheForces.RelativisticCorrection = Off;
GMAT TheForces.ErrorControl = RSSStep;
GMAT TheForces.GravityField.Earth.Degree = 8;
GMAT TheForces.GravityField.Earth.Order = 8;
GMAT TheForces.GravityField.Earth.StmLimit = 100;
GMAT TheForces.GravityField.Earth.PotentialFile = 'JGM2.cof';
GMAT TheForces.GravityField.Earth.TideModel = 'None';
GMAT TheForces.Drag.AtmosphereModel = JacchiaRoberts;
GMAT TheForces.Drag.HistoricWeatherSource = 'ConstantFluxAndGeoMag';
GMAT TheForces.Drag.PredictedWeatherSource = 'ConstantFluxAndGeoMag';
GMAT TheForces.Drag.CSSISpaceWeatherFile = 'SpaceWeather-All-v1.2.txt';
GMAT TheForces.Drag.SchattenFile = 'SchattenPredict.txt';
GMAT TheForces.Drag.F107 = 150;
GMAT TheForces.Drag.F107A = 150;
GMAT TheForces.Drag.MagneticIndex = 3;
GMAT TheForces.Drag.SchattenErrorModel = 'Nominal';
GMAT TheForces.Drag.SchattenTimingModel = 'NominalCycle';
GMAT TheForces.Drag.DragModel = 'Spherical';
Configure the Integrator¶
Finally, in order to propagate, we need an integrator. For this example, we’ll use a Prince-Dormand 7(8) Runge-Kutta integrator. The propagator is set using the code
# Build the propagation container that connect the integrator, force model, and spacecraft together
pdprop = gmat.Construct("Propagator","PDProp")
# Create and assign a numerical integrator for use in the propagation
gator = gmat.Construct("PrinceDormand78", "Gator")
pdprop.SetReference(gator)
# Set some of the fields for the integration
pdprop.SetField("InitialStepSize", 60.0)
pdprop.SetField("Accuracy", 1.0e-12)
pdprop.SetField("MinStep", 0.0)
Connect the Objects Together¶
# Assign the force model imported from BasicFM
pdprop.SetReference(fm)
# Setup the spacecraft that is propagated
psm = pdprop.GetPropStateManager()
psm.SetObject(sat)
True
Initialize the System and Propagate a Step¶
Finally, the system can be initialized and fired to see a single propagation step. Some of the code displayed here will be folded into the API’s Initialize() function. For now, the steps needed to initialize the system for a propagation step are:
# Perform top level initialization
gmat.Initialize()
# Refresh the object references from the propagator clones
fm = pdprop.GetODEModel()
gator = pdprop.GetPropagator()
psm.BuildState()
# Pass the state manager to the dynamics model
fm.SetPropStateManager(psm)
fm.SetState(psm.GetState())
# Assemble all of the force model objects together
fm.Initialize()
# Finish the force model setup
fm.BuildModelFromMap()
fm.UpdateInitialData()
# Initialize the Propagator components
pdprop.Initialize()
gator.Initialize()
True
Note
Alternatively, the above code can be replaced with a call to the PrepareInternals() function on the propagator. This also removes the need to manually configure the PropagationStateManager. The condensed code can be seen below:
# Perform top level initialization
gmat.Initialize()
# Setup the spacecraft that is propagated
pdprop.AddPropObject(sat)
pdprop.PrepareInternals()
# Refresh the object references from the propagator clones
fm = pdprop.GetODEModel()
gator = pdprop.GetPropagator()
and we can then propagate, and start accumulating the data
# Take a 60 second step, showing the state before and after, and start buffering
# Buffers for the data
time = []
pos = []
vel = []
gatorstate = gator.GetState()
t = 0.0
r = []
v = []
for j in range(3):
r.append(gatorstate[j])
v.append(gatorstate[j+3])
time.append(t)
pos.append(r)
vel.append(v)
print("Starting state: ", t, r, v)
# Take a step and buffer it
gator.Step(60.0)
gatorstate = gator.GetState()
t = t + 60.0
r = []
v = []
for j in range(3):
r.append(gatorstate[j])
v.append(gatorstate[j+3])
time.append(t)
pos.append(r)
vel.append(v)
print("Propped state: ", t, r, v)
Starting state: 0.0 [-5455.495852919224, -3637.0485868833093, 2350.0571814448517] [3.1318014092807545, -6.423940627548709, -2.545227573417657]
Propped state: 60.0 [-5256.1378692623475, -4014.4902800853415, 2192.4488937848546] [3.51104729424038, -6.153042432990329, -2.7064897093764597]
Finally, we can run for a few orbits and show the results
for i in range(360):
# Take a step and buffer it
gator.Step(60.0)
gatorstate = gator.GetState()
t = t + 60.0
r = []
v = []
for j in range(3):
r.append(gatorstate[j])
v.append(gatorstate[j+3])
time.append(t)
pos.append(r)
vel.append(v)
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
plt.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = (15, 5)
plt.plot(time, pos)
plt.show()
plt.plot(time, vel)
plt.show()


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Rapidly spreading fires with high intensities capable of generating firebrands can occur. When fire starts, it is generally sustained until a fuel break or change in fuels is encountered. The visual impression is dominated by slash and much of it is less than 3 inches (7.6 cm) in diameter. The fuels total less than 35 tons per acre (15.6 t/ha) and seem well distributed. Heavily thinned conifer stands, clearcuts, and medium or heavy partial cuts are represented. The material larger than 3 inches (7.6 cm) is represented by encountering 11 pieces, 6 inches (15.2 cm) in diameter, along a 50-foot (15-m) transect. Field situations are presented in photographs 34, 35, and 36.
Photo 34. Ponderosa pine clearcut east of Cascade mountain range in
Oregon and Washington.
Photo 35. Cedar-hemlock partial cut in northern Idaho, Region 1, USFS.
Photo 36. Lodgepole pine thinning slash on Lewis and Clark National
Forest. Red slash condition increases classification from light to medium.