| Categories: iterators, adaptors | Component type: type |
There are two different Container concepts that define this expression: Sequence, and Sorted Associative Container. Both concepts define insertion into a container by means of c.insert(p, x), but the semantics of this expression is very different in the two cases.
For a Sequence S, the expression S.insert(p, x) means to insert the value x immediately before the iterator p. That is, the two-argument version of insert allows you to control the location at which the new element will be inserted. For a Sorted Associative Container, however, no such control is possible: the elements in a Sorted Associative Container always appear in ascending order of keys. Sorted Associative Containers define the two-argument version of insert as an optimization. The first argument is only a hint: it points to the location where the search will begin.
If you assign through an insert_iterator several times, then you will be inserting several elements into the underlying container. In the case of a Sequence, they will appear at a particular location in the underlying sequence, in the order in which they were inserted: one of the arguments to insert_iterator's constructor is an iterator p, and the new range will be inserted immediately before p.
In the case of a Sorted Associative Container, however, the iterator in the insert_iterator's constructor is almost irrelevant. The new elements will not necessarily form a contiguous range; they will appear in the appropriate location in the container, in ascending order by key. The order in which they are inserted only affects efficiency: inserting an already-sorted range into a Sorted Associative Container is an O(N) operation.
list<int> L; L.push_front(3); insert_iterator<list<int> > ii(L, L.begin()); *ii++ = 0; *ii++ = 1; *ii++ = 2; copy(L.begin(), L.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " ")); // The values that are printed are 0 1 2 3.Merge two sorted lists, inserting the resulting range into a set. Note that a set never contains duplicate elements.
int main() { const int N = 6; int A1[N] = {1, 3, 5, 7, 9, 11}; int A2[N] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}; set<int> result; merge(A1, A1 + N, A2, A2 + N, inserter(result, result.begin())); copy(result.begin(), result.end(), ostream_iterator<int>(cout, " ")); cout << endl; // The output is "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 9 11". }
| Parameter | Description | Default |
|---|---|---|
| Container | The type of Container into which values will be inserted. |
| Member | Where defined | Description |
|---|---|---|
| insert_iterator(Container&, Container::iterator) | insert_iterator | See below. |
| insert_iterator(const insert_iterator&) | Trivial Iterator | The copy constructor |
| insert_iterator& operator=(const insert_iterator&) | Trivial Iterator | The assignment operator |
| insert_iterator& operator*() | Output Iterator | Used to implement the output iterator expression *i = x. [2] |
| insert_iterator& operator=(const Container::value_type&) | Output Iterator | Used to implement the output iterator expression *i = x. [2] |
| insert_iterator& operator++() | Output Iterator | Preincrement. |
| insert_iterator& operator++(int) | Output Iterator | Postincrement. |
| output_iterator_tag iterator_category(const insert_iterator&) | iterator tags | Returns the iterator's category. This is a global function, not a member. |
template<class Container, class Iter) insert_iterator<Container> inserter(Container& C, Iter i); |
insert_iterator | See below. |
| Member | Description |
|---|---|
| insert_iterator(Container& C, Container::iterator i) | Constructs an insert_iterator that inserts objects in C. If Container is a Sequence, then each object will be inserted immediately before the element pointed to by i. If C is a Sorted Associative Container, then the first insertion will use i as a hint for beginning the search. The iterator i must be a dereferenceable or past-the-end iterator in C. |
template<class Container, class Iter) insert_iterator<Container> inserter(Container& C, Iter i); |
Equivalent to insert_iterator<Container>(C, i). [2] This is a global function, not a member function. |
[1] Note the difference between assignment through a Container::iterator and assignment through an insert_iterator<Container>. If i is a valid Sequence::iterator, then it points to some particular element in the container; the expression *i = t replaces that element with t, and does not change the total number of elements in the container. If ii is a valid insert_iterator<container>, however, then the expression *ii = t is equivalent, for some container c and some valid container::iterator j, to the expression c.insert(j, t). That is, it does not overwrite any of c's elements and it does change c's size.
[2] Note how assignment through an insert_iterator is implemented. In general, unary operator* must be defined so that it returns a proxy object, where the proxy object defines operator= to perform the insert operation. In this case, for the sake of simplicity, the proxy object is the insert_iterator itself. That is, *i simply returns i, and *i = t is equivalent to i = t. You should not, however, rely on this behavior. It is an implementation detail, and it is not guaranteed to remain the same in future versions.
[3] This function exists solely for the sake of convenience: since it is a non-member function, the template parameters may be inferred and the type of the insert_iterator need not be declared explicitly. One easy way to reverse a range and insert it into a Sequence S, for example, is reverse_copy(first, last, inserter(S, S.begin())).


HOME / 新闻 / LAMBORGHINI AND SUPREME: NEW COLLECTION FOR SPRING-SUMMER 2020
NEWS
#STAYHOME: LAMBORGHINI HAS PAUSED, NOT STOPPED
16 4月 2020
Automobili Lamborghini has suspended its activities since March 13th, thus being the first automotive
company to temporarily block production before the stop imposed by the Italian government.
The will to act in the name of maximum social responsibility has been paired with the need to actively
respond to the local health emergency. Therefore, Lamborghini has converted its upholstery department,
the
CFRP factory and R&D in order to produce surgical masks and 3D printed protective shields for medical
staff,
as well as to provide resources and equipment for the co-engineering and production of breathing simulators.
Lamborghini has paused, it has not stopped. Even in these isolating and sad times, it is important to
continue fostering the (now virtual) relationship with customers through the Unica App and with fans
and
enthusiasts via Social Media channels, by launching the social media campaign #stayathome. Exceptional
images of Lamborghinis parked in a garage received from customers and fans have been populating
Lamborghini’s feeds, and the lockdown is still going on, so you know what you can do…


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2. Building a JIT: Adding Optimizations – An introduction to ORC Layers¶
This tutorial is under active development. It is incomplete and details may change frequently. Nonetheless we invite you to try it out as it stands, and we welcome any feedback.
2.1. Chapter 2 Introduction¶
Welcome to Chapter 2 of the “Building an ORC-based JIT in LLVM” tutorial. In Chapter 1 of this series we examined a basic JIT class, KaleidoscopeJIT, that could take LLVM IR modules as input and produce executable code in memory. KaleidoscopeJIT was able to do this with relatively little code by composing two off-the-shelf ORC layers: IRCompileLayer and ObjectLinkingLayer, to do much of the heavy lifting.
In this layer we’ll learn more about the ORC layer concept by using a new layer, IRTransformLayer, to add IR optimization support to KaleidoscopeJIT.
2.2. Optimizing Modules using the IRTransformLayer¶
In Chapter 4 of the “Implementing a language with LLVM” tutorial series the llvm FunctionPassManager is introduced as a means for optimizing LLVM IR. Interested readers may read that chapter for details, but in short: to optimize a Module we create an llvm::FunctionPassManager instance, configure it with a set of optimizations, then run the PassManager on a Module to mutate it into a (hopefully) more optimized but semantically equivalent form. In the original tutorial series the FunctionPassManager was created outside the KaleidoscopeJIT and modules were optimized before being added to it. In this Chapter we will make optimization a phase of our JIT instead. For now this will provide us a motivation to learn more about ORC layers, but in the long term making optimization part of our JIT will yield an important benefit: When we begin lazily compiling code (i.e. deferring compilation of each function until the first time it’s run), having optimization managed by our JIT will allow us to optimize lazily too, rather than having to do all our optimization up-front.
To add optimization support to our JIT we will take the KaleidoscopeJIT from Chapter 1 and compose an ORC IRTransformLayer on top. We will look at how the IRTransformLayer works in more detail below, but the interface is simple: the constructor for this layer takes a reference to the layer below (as all layers do) plus an IR optimization function that it will apply to each Module that is added via addModule:
class KaleidoscopeJIT {
private:
std::unique_ptr<TargetMachine> TM;
const DataLayout DL;
RTDyldObjectLinkingLayer<> ObjectLayer;
IRCompileLayer<decltype(ObjectLayer)> CompileLayer;
using OptimizeFunction =
std::function<std::shared_ptr<Module>(std::shared_ptr<Module>)>;
IRTransformLayer<decltype(CompileLayer), OptimizeFunction> OptimizeLayer;
public:
using ModuleHandle = decltype(OptimizeLayer)::ModuleHandleT;
KaleidoscopeJIT()
: TM(EngineBuilder().selectTarget()), DL(TM->createDataLayout()),
ObjectLayer([]() { return std::make_shared<SectionMemoryManager>(); }),
CompileLayer(ObjectLayer, SimpleCompiler(*TM)),
OptimizeLayer(CompileLayer,
[this](std::unique_ptr<Module> M) {
return optimizeModule(std::move(M));
}) {
llvm::sys::DynamicLibrary::LoadLibraryPermanently(nullptr);
}
Our extended KaleidoscopeJIT class starts out the same as it did in Chapter 1, but after the CompileLayer we introduce a typedef for our optimization function. In this case we use a std::function (a handy wrapper for “function-like” things) from a single unique_ptr<Module> input to a std::unique_ptr<Module> output. With our optimization function typedef in place we can declare our OptimizeLayer, which sits on top of our CompileLayer.
To initialize our OptimizeLayer we pass it a reference to the CompileLayer below (standard practice for layers), and we initialize the OptimizeFunction using a lambda that calls out to an “optimizeModule” function that we will define below.
// ...
auto Resolver = createLambdaResolver(
[&](const std::string &Name) {
if (auto Sym = OptimizeLayer.findSymbol(Name, false))
return Sym;
return JITSymbol(nullptr);
},
// ...
// ...
return cantFail(OptimizeLayer.addModule(std::move(M),
std::move(Resolver)));
// ...
// ...
return OptimizeLayer.findSymbol(MangledNameStream.str(), true);
// ...
// ...
cantFail(OptimizeLayer.removeModule(H));
// ...
Next we need to replace references to ‘CompileLayer’ with references to OptimizeLayer in our key methods: addModule, findSymbol, and removeModule. In addModule we need to be careful to replace both references: the findSymbol call inside our resolver, and the call through to addModule.
std::shared_ptr<Module> optimizeModule(std::shared_ptr<Module> M) {
// Create a function pass manager.
auto FPM = llvm::make_unique<legacy::FunctionPassManager>(M.get());
// Add some optimizations.
FPM->add(createInstructionCombiningPass());
FPM->add(createReassociatePass());
FPM->add(createGVNPass());
FPM->add(createCFGSimplificationPass());
FPM->doInitialization();
// Run the optimizations over all functions in the module being added to
// the JIT.
for (auto &F : *M)
FPM->run(F);
return M;
}
At the bottom of our JIT we add a private method to do the actual optimization: optimizeModule. This function sets up a FunctionPassManager, adds some passes to it, runs it over every function in the module, and then returns the mutated module. The specific optimizations are the same ones used in Chapter 4 of the “Implementing a language with LLVM” tutorial series. Readers may visit that chapter for a more in-depth discussion of these, and of IR optimization in general.
And that’s it in terms of changes to KaleidoscopeJIT: When a module is added via addModule the OptimizeLayer will call our optimizeModule function before passing the transformed module on to the CompileLayer below. Of course, we could have called optimizeModule directly in our addModule function and not gone to the bother of using the IRTransformLayer, but doing so gives us another opportunity to see how layers compose. It also provides a neat entry point to the layer concept itself, because IRTransformLayer turns out to be one of the simplest implementations of the layer concept that can be devised:
template <typename BaseLayerT, typename TransformFtor>
class IRTransformLayer {
public:
using ModuleHandleT = typename BaseLayerT::ModuleHandleT;
IRTransformLayer(BaseLayerT &BaseLayer,
TransformFtor Transform = TransformFtor())
: BaseLayer(BaseLayer), Transform(std::move(Transform)) {}
Expected<ModuleHandleT>
addModule(std::shared_ptr<Module> M,
std::shared_ptr<JITSymbolResolver> Resolver) {
return BaseLayer.addModule(Transform(std::move(M)), std::move(Resolver));
}
void removeModule(ModuleHandleT H) { BaseLayer.removeModule(H); }
JITSymbol findSymbol(const std::string &Name, bool ExportedSymbolsOnly) {
return BaseLayer.findSymbol(Name, ExportedSymbolsOnly);
}
JITSymbol findSymbolIn(ModuleHandleT H, const std::string &Name,
bool ExportedSymbolsOnly) {
return BaseLayer.findSymbolIn(H, Name, ExportedSymbolsOnly);
}
void emitAndFinalize(ModuleHandleT H) {
BaseLayer.emitAndFinalize(H);
}
TransformFtor& getTransform() { return Transform; }
const TransformFtor& getTransform() const { return Transform; }
private:
BaseLayerT &BaseLayer;
TransformFtor Transform;
};
This is the whole definition of IRTransformLayer, from
llvm/include/llvm/ExecutionEngine/Orc/IRTransformLayer.h
, stripped of its
comments. It is a template class with two template arguments: BaesLayerT
and
TransformFtor
that provide the type of the base layer and the type of the
“transform functor” (in our case a std::function) respectively. This class is
concerned with two very simple jobs: (1) Running every IR Module that is added
with addModule through the transform functor, and (2) conforming to the ORC
layer interface. The interface consists of one typedef and five methods:
| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| ModuleHandleT | Provides a handle that can be used to identify a module set when calling findSymbolIn, removeModule, or emitAndFinalize. |
| addModule | Takes a given set of Modules and makes them “available for execution. This means that symbols in those modules should be searchable via findSymbol and findSymbolIn, and the address of the symbols should be read/writable (for data symbols), or executable (for function symbols) after JITSymbol::getAddress() is called. Note: This means that addModule doesn’t have to compile (or do any other work) up-front. It can, like IRCompileLayer, act eagerly, but it can also simply record the module and take no further action until somebody calls JITSymbol::getAddress(). In IRTransformLayer’s case addModule eagerly applies the transform functor to each module in the set, then passes the resulting set of mutated modules down to the layer below. |
| removeModule | Removes a set of modules from the JIT. Code or data defined in these modules will no longer be available, and the memory holding the JIT’d definitions will be freed. |
| findSymbol | Searches for the named symbol in all modules that have previously been added via addModule (and not yet removed by a call to removeModule). In IRTransformLayer we just pass the query on to the layer below. In our REPL this is our default way to search for function definitions. |
| findSymbolIn | Searches for the named symbol in the module set indicated by the given ModuleHandleT. This is just an optimized search, better for lookup-speed when you know exactly a symbol definition should be found. In IRTransformLayer we just pass this query on to the layer below. In our REPL we use this method to search for functions representing top-level expressions, since we know exactly where we’ll find them: in the top-level expression module we just added. |
| emitAndFinalize | Forces all of the actions required to make the code and data in a module set (represented by a ModuleHandleT) accessible. Behaves as if some symbol in the set had been searched for and JITSymbol::getSymbolAddress called. This is rarely needed, but can be useful when dealing with layers that usually behave lazily if the user wants to trigger early compilation (for example, to use idle CPU time to eagerly compile code in the background). |
This interface attempts to capture the natural operations of a JIT (with some wrinkles like emitAndFinalize for performance), similar to the basic JIT API operations we identified in Chapter 1. Conforming to the layer concept allows classes to compose neatly by implementing their behaviors in terms of the these same operations, carried out on the layer below. For example, an eager layer (like IRTransformLayer) can implement addModule by running each module in the set through its transform up-front and immediately passing the result to the layer below. A lazy layer, by contrast, could implement addModule by squirreling away the modules doing no other up-front work, but applying the transform (and calling addModule on the layer below) when the client calls findSymbol instead. The JIT’d program behavior will be the same either way, but these choices will have different performance characteristics: Doing work eagerly means the JIT takes longer up-front, but proceeds smoothly once this is done. Deferring work allows the JIT to get up-and-running quickly, but will force the JIT to pause and wait whenever some code or data is needed that hasn’t already been processed.
Our current REPL is eager: Each function definition is optimized and compiled as soon as it’s typed in. If we were to make the transform layer lazy (but not change things otherwise) we could defer optimization until the first time we reference a function in a top-level expression (see if you can figure out why, then check out the answer below [1]). In the next chapter, however we’ll introduce fully lazy compilation, in which function’s aren’t compiled until they’re first called at run-time. At this point the trade-offs get much more interesting: the lazier we are, the quicker we can start executing the first function, but the more often we’ll have to pause to compile newly encountered functions. If we only code-gen lazily, but optimize eagerly, we’ll have a slow startup (which everything is optimized) but relatively short pauses as each function just passes through code-gen. If we both optimize and code-gen lazily we can start executing the first function more quickly, but we’ll have longer pauses as each function has to be both optimized and code-gen’d when it’s first executed. Things become even more interesting if we consider interproceedural optimizations like inlining, which must be performed eagerly. These are complex trade-offs, and there is no one-size-fits all solution to them, but by providing composable layers we leave the decisions to the person implementing the JIT, and make it easy for them to experiment with different configurations.
2.3. Full Code Listing¶
Here is the complete code listing for our running example with an IRTransformLayer added to enable optimization. To build this example, use:
# Compile
clang++ -g toy.cpp `llvm-config --cxxflags --ldflags --system-libs --libs core orcjit native` -O3 -o toy
# Run
./toy
Here is the code:
//===- KaleidoscopeJIT.h - A simple JIT for Kaleidoscope --------*- C++ -*-===//
//
// The LLVM Compiler Infrastructure
//
// This file is distributed under the University of Illinois Open Source
// License. See LICENSE.TXT for details.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
//
// Contains a simple JIT definition for use in the kaleidoscope tutorials.
//
//===----------------------------------------------------------------------===//
#ifndef LLVM_EXECUTIONENGINE_ORC_KALEIDOSCOPEJIT_H
#define LLVM_EXECUTIONENGINE_ORC_KALEIDOSCOPEJIT_H
#include "llvm/ADT/STLExtras.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/ExecutionEngine.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/JITSymbol.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/RTDyldMemoryManager.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/SectionMemoryManager.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/Orc/CompileUtils.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/Orc/IRCompileLayer.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/Orc/IRTransformLayer.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/Orc/LambdaResolver.h"
#include "llvm/ExecutionEngine/Orc/RTDyldObjectLinkingLayer.h"
#include "llvm/IR/DataLayout.h"
#include "llvm/IR/LegacyPassManager.h"
#include "llvm/IR/Mangler.h"
#include "llvm/Support/DynamicLibrary.h"
#include "llvm/Target/TargetMachine.h"
#include "llvm/Support/raw_ostream.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar.h"
#include "llvm/Transforms/Scalar/GVN.h"
#include <algorithm>
#include <memory>
#include <string>
#include <vector>
namespace llvm {
namespace orc {
class KaleidoscopeJIT {
private:
std::unique_ptr<TargetMachine> TM;
const DataLayout DL;
RTDyldObjectLinkingLayer ObjectLayer;
IRCompileLayer<decltype(ObjectLayer), SimpleCompiler> CompileLayer;
using OptimizeFunction =
std::function<std::shared_ptr<Module>(std::shared_ptr<Module>)>;
IRTransformLayer<decltype(CompileLayer), OptimizeFunction> OptimizeLayer;
public:
using ModuleHandle = decltype(OptimizeLayer)::ModuleHandleT;
KaleidoscopeJIT()
: TM(EngineBuilder().selectTarget()), DL(TM->createDataLayout()),
ObjectLayer([]() { return std::make_shared<SectionMemoryManager>(); }),
CompileLayer(ObjectLayer, SimpleCompiler(*TM)),
OptimizeLayer(CompileLayer,
[this](std::shared_ptr<Module> M) {
return optimizeModule(std::move(M));
}) {
llvm::sys::DynamicLibrary::LoadLibraryPermanently(nullptr);
}
TargetMachine &getTargetMachine() { return *TM; }
ModuleHandle addModule(std::unique_ptr<Module> M) {
// Build our symbol resolver:
// Lambda 1: Look back into the JIT itself to find symbols that are part of
// the same "logical dylib".
// Lambda 2: Search for external symbols in the host process.
auto Resolver = createLambdaResolver(
[&](const std::string &Name) {
if (auto Sym = OptimizeLayer.findSymbol(Name, false))
return Sym;
return JITSymbol(nullptr);
},
[](const std::string &Name) {
if (auto SymAddr =
RTDyldMemoryManager::getSymbolAddressInProcess(Name))
return JITSymbol(SymAddr, JITSymbolFlags::Exported);
return JITSymbol(nullptr);
});
// Add the set to the JIT with the resolver we created above and a newly
// created SectionMemoryManager.
return cantFail(OptimizeLayer.addModule(std::move(M),
std::move(Resolver)));
}
JITSymbol findSymbol(const std::string Name) {
std::string MangledName;
raw_string_ostream MangledNameStream(MangledName);
Mangler::getNameWithPrefix(MangledNameStream, Name, DL);
return OptimizeLayer.findSymbol(MangledNameStream.str(), true);
}
void removeModule(ModuleHandle H) {
cantFail(OptimizeLayer.removeModule(H));
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<Module> optimizeModule(std::shared_ptr<Module> M) {
// Create a function pass manager.
auto FPM = llvm::make_unique<legacy::FunctionPassManager>(M.get());
// Add some optimizations.
FPM->add(createInstructionCombiningPass());
FPM->add(createReassociatePass());
FPM->add(createGVNPass());
FPM->add(createCFGSimplificationPass());
FPM->doInitialization();
// Run the optimizations over all functions in the module being added to
// the JIT.
for (auto &F : *M)
FPM->run(F);
return M;
}
};
} // end namespace orc
} // end namespace llvm
#endif // LLVM_EXECUTIONENGINE_ORC_KALEIDOSCOPEJIT_H
| [1] | When we add our top-level expression to the JIT, any calls to functions that we defined earlier will appear to the RTDyldObjectLinkingLayer as external symbols. The RTDyldObjectLinkingLayer will call the SymbolResolver that we defined in addModule, which in turn calls findSymbol on the OptimizeLayer, at which point even a lazy transform layer will have to do its work. |


Parallella upand run
2014-12-10
####Parallellaupand_run#### 1. Ubunut image for parallella can be downloaded from this note, it was dd’d into 8GB SD card micro. 1. The BOOT foilder content was not as such of this note,these files were making problem related with rebooting of the parallella. For this there is a foruym post states that need of device tree.dtb has to be changed and there is a file was attached with that. Using that file the problem of no rebooting of parallella was solved 1. To run the xtemp utility with parallella, the ssh has to be invoked with ssh -X<EMAIL_ADDRESS>the ip address is duynamic and it can be detrermined by nmap -v -sP <IP_ADDRESS>/24 |grep -v down 1. For installed xtemp and with out x window ssh, these solutions are useful, such as this about workarround and this insyalling xtemp. 1. There are test available with parallella-example and epipheny-test, inwhich all the epipheny trest were working without problem, list based this testing is notworkied instead each test was perfomed manually. Perfomred test are such ~/parallella-examples/para-para$ ./run.sh, and attempt for R based test but the openCL version was changed and it was not able to patch that with parallella provided file 1. The huge tempearuter graianet was solved by positon a wall fan into the board. ############################ ##Static IP for Parallella## ############################ 1. The SD card ubunut image installed with Parallella is having dynamic ip, this setu is problematic sometimes in doing ssh. To make the ip address from dynaimc to static carried out follwoing steps based on this 1. The SD card is munted on a laptop and edited the network/interfaces file as followes sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/network/interfaces
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8)
# Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d:
source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d
#auto lo
#iface lo inet loopback
auto eth0
iface eth0 inet static
address <IP_ADDRESS>
netmask <IP_ADDRESS>
gateway <IP_ADDRESS>
#auto eth0
#iface eth0 inet dhcp
#auto wlan0
#iface wlan0 inet dhcp
- Then removed the file by
sudo rm -r /media/rootfs/etc/udev/rules.d/70-persistent-net.rules
Edited another file
sudo nano /media/rootfs/etc/NetworkManager/NetworkManager.conf
as follows[main] plugins=ifupdown,keyfile,ofono #dns=dnsmasq [ifupdown] managed=true
This avoided the problem of not detected by nmap and gives a static IP address ############################ ##Internet for Parallella## ############################
By setting up static ip address, it is smooth in running the SSH and connecting with other computers in the network like for pinging etc.
But it won’t connect with the Internet, ping www.google.com ends in no host to connect message.
This problem is trival and facing similar issue with every computer I am enaged, in SERVER, Raspi etc.
So made a search and found basics of defining the parameters in interfaces as per this page and again edited the interfaces file as below
# interfaces(5) file used by ifup(8) and ifdown(8) # Include files from /etc/network/interfaces.d: source-directory /etc/network/interfaces.d auto lo eth0 iface lo inet loopback auto eth0 iface eth0 inet static address <IP_ADDRESS> netmask <IP_ADDRESS> network <IP_ADDRESS> broadcast <IP_ADDRESS> gateway <IP_ADDRESS> dns-nameservers <IP_ADDRESS> <IP_ADDRESS> #auto eth0 #iface eth0 inet dhcp #auto wlan0 #iface wlan0 inet dhcp
In the above parameters the gateway is crucial for Internet, gateway is the address to open the router used. So gateway is wrong the connection will be lost and so no Internet. A quick test is to ping the gateway address, if it is not pinging one error related to this can be zeroed down.
######################
##compiling WRF CHEM##
######################
1. For addressing the need of huge space requiered for wrf chem, a 32 GB sd card was bought and parallella ubunt was installed in it as specified earlier.
1. The sd card was mounted using the command
sudo mount /dev/mmcblk0p3 /home/linaro/wrf
1. The openmpi was isnatlled by follwoing commands
wget http://www.open-mpi.org/software/ompi/v1.6/downloads/openmpi-1.6.tar.bz2 tar xvf openmpi-1.6.tar.bz2 cd openmpi-1.6/
sudo mkdir /opt/openmpi/
sudo chown ${USER} /opt/openmpi/
./configure --prefix=/opt/openmpi/1.6/ --with-sge
#configure was started on 10:45 AM, make #make was started on 11:08 AM ended on 12:38 PM make install #make install started on 12:39 PM export PATH=“$PATH:/home/.openmpi/bin” export LDLIBRARYPATH=“$LDLIBRARYPATH:/home/.openmpi/lib/”


Values for the parameter pool. Separate values by comma.
For ranges of values use [start..end]
E.g. for say vm1, vm2, vm3, vm4 do vm[1..4]
This can be combined with regular parameters.
testVm, vm[1..4]
will result in a pool of values of testVm, vm1, vm2, vm3, vm4
Descending order e.g. vm[4..1] is supported as well.
The order of the values is also taken into account when selecting from two valid values


Prof. Lea Berrang Ford is a Research Chair in Climate and Health in the Priestley International Centre for Climate Research at the University of Leeds (UK). She has extensive experience with systematic approaches for adaptation tracking globally, and has contributed to the UNDEP-DTU Adaptation Gap Report (2017) that reviewed methods for assessing progress towards the global adaptation goal. Lea is a Lead Author on Chapter 16 (synthesis of risks) of the IPCC AR6 WGII report. She is the Lead Researcher on this initiative.
Dr. A.R. Siders is an Assistant Professor in the Disaster Research Center, Biden School of Public Policy and Administration, and Department of Geography and Spatial Sciences at the University of Delaware. She led the development of the approach to qualitatively and quantitatively synthesizing coder responses. Siders is Lead Coordinator for the Synthesis team.
Dr. Katharine Mach is an Associate Professor in the Department of Marine Ecosystems and Society and a Faculty Scholar at the in the Abess Center for Ecosystem Science and Policy at the University of Miami Rosenstiel School of Marine and Atmospheric Science . Prior to joining the UM faculty, Mach was a senior research scientist at Stanford University and director of the Stanford Environment Assessment Facility. From 2010-15, Katharine co-directed the scientific activities of the IPCC's WGII towards AR5. She is a Lead Author on Chapter 1 of the IPCC AR6 WGII report. Katharine brings expertise in innovative approaches for evidence synthesis, and is the Lead Coordinator of the Expert Solicitation phase of this initiative.
Dr Neal Haddaway works at the Stockholm Environment Institute (SEI) in Stockholm as a Senior Research Fellow specialising in evidence synthesis. He also leads the Collaboration for Environmental Evidence (CEE) Centre at SEI. Neal brings particular expertise in methodological guidance related to systematic review methods and is involved in a number of working groups with CEE. He has over 7 years’ experience of working with evidence synthesis and delivering training in review methods. Neal is endorsed by CEE as a systematic review trainer. He is our Team Lead for Systematic Review Methods and Infrastructure on this initiative.
Prof. Jan Minx is is head of the Applied Sustainability Science working group at the Mercator Research Institute on the Global Commons and Climate Change (Germany), and Professor for Climate Change and Public Policy at the Priestley International Centre for Climate at the University of Leeds. He has previously been Head of the Technical Support Unit of the Working Group ‘Mitigation of Climate Change’ of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC), where he coordinated the Working Group’s contribution to AR5, and is a Lead Author within the IPCC AR6 WGIII. Jan is our Lead Researcher for Data Analysis and 'Big Literature'.
Dr. Alex Lesnikowski is an Assistant Professor in the Department of Geography, Planning and Environment at Concordia University (Canada). She is an expert in comparative and systematic assessment of adaptation policy and governance. Alex is Lead Coordinator for the Coding Team.
Dr. Paige Fischer is an Assistant Professor at the School for Environment and Sustainability at the University of Michigan (USA). She brings particular expertise in characterizing adaptation typologies for adaptation within socio-ecological systems. Paige is Lead Coordinator for the Screening Team.
Max Callaghan is a PhD student at the University of Leeds and a researcher in the Applied Sustainability Sciences working group at the Mercator Research Institute on the Global Commons and Climate Change (Germany). He works on quantitative methods to interpret and synthesize large collections of scientific research (or “Big Literature”) about climate change. He has been a key lead in developing the computational platform and tools for document analysis being used by our initiative for the screening stage. Max is our Lead Developer for the initiative's screening platform, training, and design.


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Pixelopolis¶
Pixelopolis is a render engine for simple, pixelart-like scenarios in oblique projection with CSS-like syntax.
The main usage is rendering pixelart-like cities or buildings. You can use it to your strategy game or make a twitter bot. It’s your choice!
You can tests it online: https://pixelopolis.herokuapp.com
Warning
this code is ‘very beta’ - please don’t be angry when something doesn’t work ;_;


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myGengo API Client
LICENSE
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On this site you will find versions of some classics of early modern philosophy, and a few from the 19th century, prepared with a view to making them easier to read while leaving intact the main arguments, doctrines, and lines of thought.
On this site you will find versions of some classics of early modern philosophy, and a few from the 19th century, prepared with a view to making them easier to read while leaving intact the main arguments, doctrines, and lines of thought.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block title %}Dashboard{% endblock %} {% block body %}
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Dumfries and Galloway Council officials consult on ideas to bridge £12 million funding gap
Community conversations are being held on the ideas, which include council tax increases and hiking marina fees
by Stephen Temlett, https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/authors/stephen-temlett/Further council tax increases and cutting the number of secondary school subjects offered to pupils are two methods the local authority may use to bridge a £12million funding gap.
The council has already agreed savings of just over £3m for next year but needs to find much more.
And it has drawn up a list of options to cut costs which also includes reducing the roads maintenance budget and a 30 per cent reduction in events funding.
The council has emphasised that no decision has been made but staff will hold a series of “community conversations” over the next month to get the public’s feedback.
The report states: “We continue to face huge challenges with more budget cuts a reality over the next three years.
“Forecasts of our budget show the council can expect to have £49m less to spend on services and resources. This is nearly 15 per cent of our current budget over that period and is in addition to almost £106m that has been cut since 2010.
“The council’s agreed budget timetable required council officers to prepare a summary of options to close the council’s funding gap for 2020/21.
“No decisions on these options have been taken. All these options will be considered by councillors over the next few
months.
“Feedback from citizens, customers, staff and partners will be reported to councillors at a full council meeting on December 17 to inform their decisions when setting their budget for 2020/21 in February 2020.”
As well as cuts, which also include the reconfiguration of social work staffing, the budget options also look at ways the council could increase its income.
A three per cent council tax rise for the next two years would eventually generate an extra £6.8m for the council coffers.
For a list of the dates and times for community conversations visit the council’s website at www.dumgal.gov.uk/budget .


abstract class PendingTask : PendingTaskFields
Represents a single task to perform. Usually used to sync offline data stored on the device with online remote storage. |
|
interface PendingTasksFactory
Wendy requires that you create a subclass of PendingTasksFactory and provide it to Wendy in the Wendy.Companion.init call.  Add tasks to Wendy to run, get a list of all the PendingTasks registered to Wendy, etc. |


We have used light ML model that can load within no time without compromising on the accuracy of the prediction. Light models quickly load which helps in better response of the page.
This Web-App provides a wide range of predicting the contamination multiple infectious diseases like Kidney disease, Diabetes, Liver Infection, Heart Disease & Breast Cancer.
Though this app provides a wide range and high speed the accuracy has not been compromised. Hyper-parameters have been selected very carefully so that the accuracy is not hampered.
The shortage of professionals like doctors, nurses, technicians and infrastructure as given by the report of WHO that 0.76 doctors and 2.09 nurses are present per 1000 people. Additionally, Indian healthcare is also facing acute shortage of hospital beds with 1.3 hospital beds per 1000 population.
The physical access to hospitals is still the major barrier to both preventive and curative health services, and also the major differences between the Rural and the Urban India. By making use of web technology and AI people in remote areas can also get access to the health-care.
It is the biggest problem many Poor and marginalised are hit the most as by the government estimates, approx. 63 million people are faced with poverty every year because of their healthcare expenditure. Using the technology in a better way healthcare can be made affordable for everyone.
This App is mainly based on the application of the machine learning, meant to be employed in the remote and the downtrodden area.
Kunal Chauhan


Django Stories 1.0.4 documentation
Version 1.0 includes of bunch of changes, some of which are not backwards compatible. This migration guide will try to help you upgrade your stories to 1.0.
Before we install the new version of stories, we need to determine which parts will need your attention. While there are no schema changes to stories and relations in 1.0, there are, however, some steps that need to be taken to ensure everything stays the same.
The setting USE_CATEGORIES has been removed, instead you will need to use the categories to register the fields you once had. These fields were hard coded into stories as primary_category and categories. Here is an example of what you can do
CATEGORIES_SETTINGS = {
'FK_REGISTRY': {
'stories.story': {
'name': 'primary_category', 'related_name': 'primary_category'
}
},
'M2M_REGISTRY': {
'stories.story': {
'name': 'categories', 'related_name': 'categories'
}
}
}
relations are now a seperate app within stories, you must add stories.relations to your INSTALLED_APPS
INSTALLED_APPS = (
...
'stories',
'stories.relations',
...
)
stories is now south enabled, however, there are some things you will need to know about how the initial migration runs. While you will be faking the initial migration, since your upgrading, these points are good to know.
The only requirement now is BeautifullSoup, all the others were removed. If you expect reversion, tinymce or categories to be installed via stories requirements, please update any site specific requirements file to include these packages.
django-tinymce was removed as a dependance of stories and therefore removed as the default widget for the body field. In order to get TinyMCE to render the body field you will need to supply WIDGET setting.
STORY_SETTINGS = {
...
'WIDGET': 'path.to.TinyMCEWIdget',
...
}
The relation template tags have moved into the relations app within stories. Any instance of {% load stories %} needs to be replaced with {% load story_relation_tags %}. The tag names are still the same and function the same
The setting STORY_ORDERING was renamed to simply ORDERING
While the property stil exists and functions the same, it was rather dumb in the way it worked. There is a new property called author_display which renders out a template you can use. This will be if you want to use a custom author model


- Email Address<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- Phone: +977-01-4620390
We are experienced and passionate team of experts looking forward to increase your business revenue by adopting technology in your business environment.
Our First sept is finding a idea based on client’s info
Getting the idea we put all the effort on designing and wireframing
After completing the designing we just give it life
Lets drill out some awesome solutions for you project, our hand picked design and developers along with highly skilled project manager will discuss with you.
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We are experienced and passionate team of experts looking forward to increase your business revenue by adopting technology in your business environment.
We are experienced and passionate team of experts looking forward to increase your business revenue by adopting technology in your business environment.
We are experienced and passionate team of experts looking forward to increase your business revenue by adopting technology in your business environment.
Lets drill out some awesome solutions for you project, our hand picked design and developers along with highly skilled project manager will discuss with you.
I wouldn't be surprised if tomorrow was the Final Dawn, the last of sunrise before the Earth and Sun reshaped into computing.


{{ author.full_name }} left a comment on {{evt.event_info.story_title}}:
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Hi everyone, in this blog i’m going to explain a little bit of my journey to solve a iOS challenge proposed by @as0ler. The Challenge can be found at the following link:
The challenge is to remove all anti-tamper methods, that means you will have to remove some methods such as:
- ptrace
- sysctl
- strstr
- geppid
In this blog, I will only talk about how I did it to bypass, using only frida with radare2. So let’s go.
If you try to run the app using tools like objection and try to use methods to bypass jailbreak you will not be able to bypass, as there are mechanisms that block certain syscalls (anti-tampers) . The following GIF illustrates the attempt to open the app with objection:
We can use several different methods here, we already have the .ipa that contains the binary inside, so we can throw it on radare2 and thus identify the functions that are being called/executed
.ipa is a .zip file, so just unzip it like a normal .zip
It’s worth mentioning here that a more realistic scenario, where you don’t have this .ipa but have the jailbroken device. You can use the tool https://github.com/NyaMisty/fouldecrypt, to get the decrypted binary.
Taking the binary, we can pass it to our machine using the scp command. Next step is to use radare2 to analyze the binary and look for possible dlsym calls. To analyze the binary on radare2 we use the command below:
r2 -A <binaryDecrypted>
What is dlsym ?
dlsym() returns the address of the code or data location specified by the
null-terminated character string symbol. Which libraries and bundles are
searched depends on the handle parameter.
To check the dlsym calls we use the command below:
axt sym.imp.dlsym
As can be seen in the image above, there is a call at address 10008864, let’s go to that address and check:
s sym.func 10008864
After analyzing the calls, we can see that there is a direct call to ptrace. We can use r2frida, and use the dtf utility from r2frida, to check the call being made at runtime. Using the commands bellow
r2 frida://spawn/usb//re.murphy.ios-challenge-2
:dtf ptrace iiii
:dc
Let’s analyze this call to ptrace, as we can see 3 arguments being used. Ptrace was called at runtime so we should bypass, let’s code a bypass using frida.
const isPtrace = Module.findExportByName(null, 'ptrace');
Interceptor.attach(isPtrace, {
onEnter: function(args) {
let arg0 = args[0];
let arg1 = args[1];
let arg2 = args[2];
console.log('> ptrace was called\n');
console.log('> Arg0 value is: ' + arg0[0] + "\n")
console.log('> Arg1 value is: ' + arg1[1] + "\n")
console.log('> Arg2 value is: ' + args[2] + "\n")
args[0] = ptr(-1)
console.log('> Modified args 0 ' + args[0] + ' Args 1 ' + args[1] + ' Args 2 ' + arg2[2])
}
});
The next step is bypass getppid, but what is getppid ?
What is getppid ?
returns the process ID of the parent of the calling process
Checking the disassembler it is possible to verify the call to getppid:
Checking, we can analyze that it is just a comparison, between:
cmp w0,1
The frida script bellow can be used to bypass the getppid call:
const isGetppid = Module.findExportByName(null, "getppid")
Interceptor.attach(isGetppid, {
onLeave: function(retval) {
console.log('> getppid was called\n')
console.log('> getppid value before: ' + retval)
retval.replace(0x01)
console.log('> getppid value after: ' + retval)
}
})
Walking through the app’s execution flow, you can check the use of sysctl, which can also be used as a form of anti-tampering
What is systctl ?
The sysctl() function retrieves system information and allows processes
with appropriate privileges to set system information. The information
available fromsysctl() consists of integers, strings, and tables.
The frida script to bypass the sysctl call:
const isSysCtl = Module.findExportByName(null, "__sysctl")
Interceptor.attach(isSysCtl, {
onEnter: function(args) {
this.info = this.context.x2;
},
onLeave: function(retval) {
const pointer01 = this.info.add(32)
const pointerFlag = pointer01.readInt() & 0x800;
if (pointerFlag === 0x800 ) {
console.log('> __sysctl was called and was disabled')
pointer01.writeInt(0)
}
}
})
The last check that the app uses as anti-tampering is to check if there are any Libs or apps for data manipulation at runtime, such as frida, SSLKillSwitch etc. The strstr utility is usually used to check this series of strings at runtime. What is strstr ?
The strstr() function locates the first occurrence of the null-terminated
strings2 in the null-terminated strings1.
The image below illustrates the checks:
The frida code to bypass strstr:
const tamperLibs = [
"Substrate",
"cycript",
"frida",
"SSLKillSwitch2",
"SSLKillSwitch"]
const ptrStrStr = Module.findExportByName(null, 'strstr');
Interceptor.attach(ptrStrStr, {
onEnter: function (args) {
let index = tamperLibs.length;
this.libIsTampared = false;
while (index--) {
var lib = args[1].readUtf8String();
if (lib == tamperLibs[index]) {
console.log("> strstr called: " + lib + " overwrite return");
this.libIsTampared = true;
}
}
},
onLeave: function (retval) {
if (this.libIsTampared) {
retval.replace(0x00);
}
}
});
After all those steps, it is possible to move on to the next phase of the challenge that I will write about (second part). The following gif illustrates the completed bypass using the script:
Bye ! see u next time !


The orcid-propagator is a service that runs periodically from a cronjob. It makes three steps over the collection.
Traverse the EPrints collection, create/update a dataset collection keyed by creator ID saving the metadata of eprint id, creator id and orcid value
{
"creator_id": "R-S-Doiel",
"orcid": "0000-0003-0900-6903",
"ambigious": false,
"confirmed": true,
"eprints": [
{"eprint_id": 99999, "orcid": ""},
{"eprint_id": 199999, "orcid": "0000-0003-0900-6903"}
]
}
Traverse the dataset collection of creator ids, review each eprint id and associated orcid foudn for ambiguity, if orcid is unambious then proceed to step 3
For each creator record’s eprint entry that is missing an unambious orcid retreive the full EPrint XML, update the creator id’s ORCID value and re-import as update the EPrint XML called the epadmin appropriately.
After traversing the creator id collection for each ambigious ORCID assignment print out the EPrint Record ID link, the Creator ID, a list of possible ORCIDs needing correction.


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--- layout: page title: About permalink: /aboutus/ ---
My team members and me - we have similar history. For over ten years, we have been individually gaining experience in our fields (events management, communications, graphic design, software development), both from industry and within scientific institutions and universities in different countries. From major international institutions, such as European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL) and European Molecular Biology Organisation (EMBO) to national scientific organisations (Czech Academy of Sciences, Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC).
Over the years, we have organized more than 450 events in different format, level and size, all with great success and great feedback. We were also involved in the development of European Research Infrastructures (ELIXIR, Instruct) and collaborated in many EU and Czech national research projects. Scientifika’s main principles are transparency, individual approach to our clients, attention to details, knowledge of project requirements, flexibility, personal attitude and respect to the environment.
Dana Cernoskova


Next: make-echo-stream, Previous: two-way-stream-input-stream, Up: Streams Dictionary
echo-stream-input-stream
echo-stream ⇒ input-stream
echo-stream-output-stream
echo-stream ⇒ output-stream
echo-stream—an echo stream.
input-stream—an input stream.
output-stream—an output stream.
echo-stream-input-stream returns the input stream from which echo-stream receives input.
echo-stream-output-stream returns the output stream to which echo-stream sends output.


The ruler library provides objects that act as rulers. These rulers may be linked up with a GenView object so that when the user scrolls around within the GenView, the rulers update accordingly. The rulers work with a variety of measurement systems and also provide grids and guidelines to help the user to figure out the spacial layout of a graphic space. To aid the user's mouse movement, the rulers can constrain the mouse's movement to certain lines.
To work with the basic ruler set-up, you don't need to know much about GEOS other than the basics of objects and messaging. However, for certain customizations, you will probably need to know something about GenViews and notifications they pass on to linked objects.
1 Ruler Features
2 Ruler Setup
3 VisRuler Instance Data
4 Managing Rulers
4.1 RulerShowControl
4.2 Mouse Tracking
4.3 Grid Spacing and Constraint
4.4 Guide Constraints and Guidelines
4.5 Other Mouse Constraints
4.6 Esoteric Messages
Rulers are a "must have" feature for drawing programs or any geode concerned with layout-intensive tasks. By alerting the rulers to pointer events, the application may display marks in the ruler which track the mouse's position so that the user knows the exact mouse coordinates. The ruler library provides many more features to applications prepared to support those features:
For each ruler a geode displays, it will need to include three objects: an object of
RulerViewClass
to display the ruler, a
RulerContentClass
object to act as the top of the RulerView's visible tree, and a
VisRulerClass
object, the ruler itself. Also, the geode may wish to include some of the available ruler control objects.
The RulerViews should be alerted when the main GenView scrolls or scales, so set the GenView's
GVI_horizLink
and
GVI_vertLinks
to hold the optrs of the RulerViews. A RulerView to the side of the GenView should be linked by the horizontal link; a RulerView above or below the GenView should be linked vertically.
Each RulerView should have a RulerContent as its content. Set this up as you would a normal GenView/VisContent linkage. The RulerContent functions as a VisContent for most purposes; there is some subclassed behavior so that the VisRuler will be notified when the RulerView has detected a scroll or scale event.
A VisRuler should be the child of the RulerContent. If you have more than one VisRuler associated with a view, you should use the
VRI_slave
links to connect them. When one VisRuler receives certain messages, it will handle them and pass them on to whatever VisRuler has been designated in its
VRI_slave
field. If this slave ruler itself has a slave, then the message will be relayed again, and so on. Thus the application only has to send messages to one ruler, instead of to all of them. The ruler which is not the target of a
VRI_slave
link is the view's master ruler, and its VRA_MASTER bit should be set.
If the view only has one ruler associated with it, that ruler's VRA_MASTER bit should be set.
If you will use the ruler library's mouse constraint management support, then the VisRulers must be run in the same thread which manages the main content. The VisRuler messages which deal with mouse positions receive the mouse location parameters on the stack, and thus the handlers must be running in the same thread as the callers. This is not a major restriction: since mouse events are so common, sending them across threads to be processed would lead to slow, jerky responses.
Your application may also include other objects:
MSG_META_SEND_CLASSED_EVENT
which determines if the message is intended for a member of VisRuler class, and if so passes it to the master VisRuler object. Note that if you are working with the grobj library, a targeted GrObjBody correctly relays classed events to rulers.
Finally, if you wish the VisRuler to take special action on certain mouse events (perhaps providing a mark on the ruler to track the mouse pointer's position), the GenView's content should intercept those mouse events and send messages to the VisRuler (again, the VisRuler at the top of the
VRI_slave
chain) with the requested action.
The VisRuler's instance data fields are listed below. Depending on your setup, the management of most of these fields will probably be taken care of by the ruler itself or some of its associated controllers. However, many programs set values for the
VRI_rulerAttrs
,
VRI_constrainStrategy
, and
VRI_slave
fields when defining their rulers.
 This field tends to vary between applications; put some thought into which flags to turn on.
VRI_origin
field, it is possible to set an origin for the user to use based upon the coordinates of the graphic space within the main view. This can come in handy when the zero point for the ruler shouldn't correspond to the very left or top of the view; GeoWrite uses this when the user wants the ruler's origin to be based upon the right edge of a text object rather than the edge of the view. The VRA_IGNORE_ORIGIN flag effectively turns off this feature.
VRI_slave
field. If there is a third ruler, the second ruler should have its optr in its (the second ruler's) VRI_slave field, and so on.
The
VRI_constrainStrategy
field contains the default mouse constraint strategy the ruler should use when constraining mouse movement.
VRI_constrainStrategy
field. During some events other constrain strategies may be combined with the default mouse constrain strategy; if the other strategy's VRCS_OVERRIDE flag is set, then the default mouse constraint strategy field will be ignored.
The
VRI_type
and
VRI_minIncrement
fields determine the measurement type and ruler increment of the ruler.Normally, the user will work with the ruler's type via a RulerTypeControl.
RulerTypeControlClass
's features structures are shown below.
Code Display 19-2 RulerTypeControl Features
typedef WordFlags RTCFeatures; #define RTCF_DEFAULT (0x20) #define RTCF_SPREADSHEET (0x10) #define RTCF_INCHES (0x08) #define RTCF_CENTIMETERS (0x04) #define RTCF_POINTS (0x02) #define RTCF_PICAS (0x01) #define RTC_DEFAULT_FEATURES \ (RTCF_INCHES | RTCF_CENTIMETERS | RTCF_POINTS | RTCF_PICAS | RTCF_DEFAULT)
typedef WordFlags RTCToolboxFeatures; #define RTCTF_DEFAULT (0x20) #define RTCTF_SPREADSHEET (0x10) #define RTCTF_INCHES (0x08) #define RTCTF_CENTIMETERS (0x04) #define RTCTF_POINTS (0x02) #define RTCTF_PICAS (0x01) #define RTC_DEFAULT_TOOLBOX_FEATURES (RTCF_INCHES | RTCF_CENTIMETERS)
The RulerTypeControl uses a notification block with the following structure:
typedef struct RulerTypeNotificationBlock { VisRulerType RTNB_type; } RulerTypeNotificationBlock;
The ruler must keep track of the main view's scale; if the main view has doubled in scale, the ruler should put its tick marks twice as far apart. This scale is stored in the
VRI_scale
field. The ruler automatically receives a MSG_VIS_RULER_VIEW_SCALE_FACTOR_CHANGED when the main view's scale changes. To set the scale independently of the main view scale, send a
MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_SCALE
.
The
VRI_origin
field allows you to set an origin for the ruler other than (0,0). The coordinates are given in terms of the main view's coordinate system.
The reference point, used for various types of mouse constraint, is stored in the
VRI_reference
field.
VRI_mouseMark
contains the coordinate at which the mouse tick is currently being drawn.
The
VRI_window
field, initiated automatically, holds the window handle of the main view.
The
VRI_slave
field holds the ruler's slave ruler; see the documentation for VRA_MASTER, above, to learn about master and slave rulers.
The
VRI_grid
field contains the information used to maintain the grid associated with a ruler.
The
VRI_vectorSlope
defines the slope of a vector that may be used with vector mouse constraints.
The
VRI_guideArray
field keeps track of the location where guideline data is stored; this field is initiated automatically.
The
VRI_guideInfluence
contains the influence to use when constraining the mouse position to guidelines. Guidelines will only attract the mouse if it is within a certain distance of them--this distance is the "influence" of the guidelines. It is measured in pixels, not points; thus, the guide influence is independent of scale.
The
VRI_desiredSize
field contains the ruler's idea of its ideal thickness. By default, this is set so that the ruler will have room to draw its numbers and tick marks normally; if you will be subclassing the VisRuler to add more gadgetry, you may wish to use a different value here.
The
VRI_invalOD
field contains the object descriptor of the object which should be redrawn when the ruler needs to draw something differently to the main view; by the ruler's default behavior, this will be updated automatically via a
MSG_VIS_RULER_GAINED_SELECTION
.
The
VRI_transformGState
field contains the handle of a GState. This GState contains the transformation which is used to transform the coordinate system used with mouse constraints.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_TYPE( VisRulerType type);
This message sets the
VRI_type
field.
VisRulerType MSG_VIS_RULER_GET_TYPE();
This message returns the value in the
VRI_type
field.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_CONSTRAIN_STRATEGY( VisRulerConstrainStrategy setflags, VisRulerConstrainStrategy clearflags);
This message sets the default mouse constrain strategy for the ruler.
Parameters: setflags Flags to set.
Return: Nothing.
VisRulerConstrainStrategy MSG_VIS_RULER_GET_CONSTRAIN_STRATEGY();
This message gets the current default constrain strategy for the ruler.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_IGNORE_ORIGIN( Boolean ignore);
This message sets the "ignore origin" state.
Parameters: ignore Set true (i.e. non-zero) to ignore the origin. Set false (i.e. zero) not to ignore the origin.
Return: Nothing.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_ORIGIN( sdword pointInt, word pointFrac);
Use this message to set the ruler's origin point.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_GET_ORIGIN( DWFixedReturn *retval);
Use this message to retrieve the ruler's origin point.
Structures:
typedef struct { word unused; word DWFR_frac; sdword DWFR_int; } DWFixedReturn;
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_REFERENCE( @stack sdword yInt, word yFrac, sdword xInt, word xFrac);
Set the ruler's reference point.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_VECTOR( @stack sdword yInt, word yFrac, sdword xInt, word xFrac);
Set the point to use to define the "vector"--together with the reference point, this will form a slope which may be used for mouse constraints.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_MIN_INCREMENT( MinIncrementType min);
This message sets the
VRI_minIncrement
field to the passed value. It must be passed the proper
MinIncrementType
value.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_SCALE( WWFixedAsDWord scale);
This message sets the
VRI_scale
field.
Most ruler functions will happen automatically. However, certain pieces of functionality require that the geode provide certain message handlers. Some geodes may have use for subclassed ruler objects, and subclassing will require further extra code. This section provides information for those who would learn more about how to manage rulers.
Guide Constraints and Guidelines
The RulerShowControl allows the user to show or hide rulers. This control works by setting RulerViews not usable. However, objects which aren't usable don't work with GCN, and thus you will need to set up some other object to intercept the appropriate notifications. Don't try to include a RulerShowControl unless you know about GCN or are willing to learn.
When declaring your RulerShowControl, you may choose a GCN list which the control will work with. The default list is MANUFACTURER_ID_GEOWORKS:
GAGCNLT_DISPLAY_OBJECTS_WITH_RULERS. However, you may change this to be any list you like. You must also specify a message which some object will respond to.
Some object which will be usable when the user has access to the RulerShowControl should be on the control's GCN list. This object must be prepared to handle the message in the
RSCI_message
field. This message should take a RulerShowControlAttributes structure and set the ruler views usable or not usable accordingly. See Sample Handler for use with RulerShowControl
for an example.
Code Display 19-3 RulerShowControl Instance Data and Features
typedef WordFlags RSCCFeatures; #define RSCCF_SHOW_VERTICAL (0x04) #define RSCCF_SHOW_HORIZONTAL (0x02) #define RSCCF_SHOW_RULERS (0x01)
typedef WordFlags RSCCToolboxFeatures; /* There are no toolbox features. */
#define RSCC_DEFAULT_FEATURES (RSCCF_SHOW_VERTICAL | RSCCF_SHOW_HORIZONTAL) #define RSCC_DEFAULT_TOOLBOX_FEATURES (0)
@instance RulerShowControlAttributes RSCI_attrs; typedef WordFlags RulerShowControlAttributes; #define RSCA_SHOW_VERTICAL 0x8000 #define RSCA_SHOW_HORIZONTAL 0x4000
@instance GCNListType RSCI_gcnList; /* object to notify */
@instance Message RSCI_message; /* message to notify with */
Code Display 19-4 Sample Handler for use with RulerShowControl
@method MyDisplayClass, MSG_MD_UPDATE_RULERS /* The RulerShowControl's RSCI_message field should be * MSG_MD_UPDATE_RULERS. The message should have been declared * using the RULER_SHOW_CONTROL_NOTIFY prototype. */
if (attrs & RSCA_SHOW_VERTICAL) { @call LeftView::MSG_GEN_SET_USABLE(VUM_NOW); } else { @call LeftView::MSG_GEN_SET_NOT_USABLE(VUM_NOW); } if (attrs & RSCA_SHOW_HORIZONTAL) { @call TopView::MSG_GEN_SET_USABLE(VUM_NOW); } else { @call TopView::MSG_GEN_SET_NOT_USABLE(VUM_NOW); } }
The ruler has the ability to show a tick mark which tracks the mouse's movement. This can be a boon to users who wish to know the mouse's precise location.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SHOW_MOUSE();
Sets a flag such that the ruler will draw the mouse tick on pointer events.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_HIDE_MOUSE();
Sets a flag such that the ruler won't draw the mouse tick on pointer events.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_DRAW_MOUSE_TICK( @stack sdword yInt, word yFrac, sdword xInt, word xFrac);
This message indicates that the ruler should draw a line indicating the mouse position and informs the ruler of the mouse's new position.
Applications which provide rulers often do so to allow the user to work with the mouse more accurately. Such applications might also provide a grid. A grid helps locate the mouse pointer's exact location on the document without the need to watch the ruler. The ruler can also constrain mouse movement to the grid.
To allow the user to change the grid spacing, include a RulerGridControl. The features structures for the RulerGridControl are shown below.
Code Display 19-5 RulerGridControlClass Features
typedef WordFlags RGCFeatures; #define RGCF_GRID_SPACING (0x04) #define RGCF_SNAP_TO_GRID (0x02) #define RGCF_SHOW_GRID (0x01)
#define R GC_DEFAULT_FEATURES \ (RGCF_GRID_SPACING | RGCF_SNAP_TO_GRID | RGCF_SHOW_GRID)
#define RGC_DEFAULT_TOOLBOX_FEATURES (0)
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SHOW_GRID();
Use this message to request that the grid be drawn to the main view, setting the VRA_SHOW_GRID flag.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_HIDE_GRID();
Use this message to request that the grid not be drawn to the main view, clearing the VRA_SHOW_GRID flag.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_DRAW_GRID( GStateHandle gstate);
This message will draw the grid to the passed GState if the VRA_SHOW_GRID_FLAG is set.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_TURN_GRID_SNAPPING_ON();
Set the default
VisRulerConstrainStrategy
to support grid snapping, setting the VRCS_SNAP_TO_GRID_X_ABSOLUTE and VRCS_SNAP_TO_GRID_Y_ABSOLUTE flags.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_TURN_GRID_SNAPPING_OFF();
Set the default
VisRulerConstrainStrategy
to not include grid snapping, turning off the VRCS_SNAP_TO_GRID_X_ABSOLUTE and VRCS_SNAP_TO_GRID_Y_ABSOLUTE flags.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_GRID_SPACING( WWFixedAsDWord spacing);
Set the grid's horizontal and vertical spacing, working with the
VRI_grid
field.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_HORIZONTAL_GRID_SPACING( WWFixedAsDWord spacing);
Set the horizontal grid spacing, leaving the vertical alone.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_VERTICAL_GRID_SPACING( WWFixedAsDWord spacing);
Set the vertical grid spacing, leaving the horizontal alone
void MSG_VIS_RULER_GET_GRID_SPACING( GridSpacing* gridspace);
This message returns the current grid spacing.
Structures: This message works with the
GridSpacing
structure. Do not confuse this structure with the
Grid
structure.
typedef struct { WWFixed GS_y; WWFixed GS_x; } GridSpacing;
void MSG_VIS_RULER_GET_STRATEGIC_GRID_SPACING( GridSpacing* gridspace);
This message returns a grid spacing that will look nice on the screen at the current scale factor.
Structures: This message works with the
GridSpacing
structure. Do not confuse this structure with the
Grid
structure.
typedef struct { WWFixed GS_y; WWFixed GS_x; } GridSpacing;
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_TO_GRID( PointDWFixed _far* point);
This message snaps the passed coordinate to the grid.
Parameters: point Point to snap to grid.
Return: Nothing returned explicitly, however structure in point modified so that point is snapped to grid.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_TO_GRID_X( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Snap the passed point's x coordinate to the grid.
Parameters: point Point to snap to grid.
Return: Nothing returned explicitly, however structure in point modified so that point is snapped to grid.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_TO_GRID_Y( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Snap the passed point's y coordinate to the grid.
Parameters: point Point to snap to grid.
Return: Nothing returned explicitly, however structure in point modified so that point is snapped to grid.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_RELATIVE_TO_REFERENCE( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Returns the point closest to the passed point that is an integral number of grid spacings from the reference point.
Parameters: point Point to snap.
Return: Nothing returned explicitly, however structure in point modified so that point is snapped.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_RELATIVE_TO_REFERENCE_X( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Returns the point horizontally closest to the passed point that is an integral number of grid spacings from the reference point.
Parameters: point Point to snap.
Return: Nothing returned explicitly, however structure in point modified so that point is snapped.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_RELATIVE_TO_REFERENCE_Y( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Returns the point vertically closest to the passed point that is an integral number of grid spacings from the reference point.
Parameters: point Point to snap.
Return: Nothing returned explicitly, however structure in point modified so that point is snapped.
Sometimes the user will want to have some guidelines that do not conform to a regular grid. The user may set up their own guidelines. Normally to allow the use of guidelines, your application should include a RulerGuideControl object. The features structures for this controller class are shown below.
Code Display 19-6 RulerGuideControlClass Features
typedef WordFlags RulerGuideControlFeatures; #define RGCF_HV (0x08) #define RGCF_LIST (0x04) #define RGCF_POSITION (0x02) #define RGCF_DELETE (0x01)
#define RULER_GUIDE_CONTROL_DEFAULT_FEATURES \ (RGCF_HV | RGCF_LIST | RGCF_POSITION | RGCF_DELETE)
The following messages allow for the use and manipulation of guidelines.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_TURN_GUIDES_SNAPPING_ON();
Set the default VisRulerConstrainStrategy to include guides snapping, turning on the VRCS_SNAP_TO_GUIDES_X and VRCS_SNAP_TO_GUIDES_Y flags.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_TURN_GUIDES_SNAPPING_OFF();
Set the default VisRulerConstrainStrategy to not include guides snapping, turning off the VRCS_SNAP_TO_GUIDES_X and VRCS_SNAP_TO_GUIDES_Y flags.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CREATE_GUIDE_ARRAY();
By default, the VisRuler stores its guides in a chunk array, known as a guide array. If the ruler has no guides defined, it doesn't bother keeping this data structure around. When the first guide is created, the VisRuler will send itself this message, to which it will respond by setting up the data region.
Subclasses might intercept this message if they have data structures which need initializing when the first guide is created.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_ADD_HORIZONTAL_GUIDE( @stack sdword dwfInt, word dwfFrac);
Use this message to add a horizontal guide.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_ADD_VERTICAL_GUIDE( @stack sdword dwfInt, word dwfFrac);
Use this message to add a vertical guide.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_DRAW_GUIDES( GStateHandle gstate);
Use this message to draw guidelines to a document. The default VisRuler handler for this message will draw the lines at the appropriate coordinates to the passed GState.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_DRAW_GUIDE_INDICATORS();
This message asks the VisRuler to draw tick-marks on itself to show the positions of guides. The default VisRuler has no handler for this message; subclasses are welcome to intersect it and draw indicators appropriately.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_TO_GUIDES( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to snap the passed point to the guides.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_TO_GUIDES_X( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to horizontally snap the passed point to the guides.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SNAP_TO_GUIDES_Y( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to vertically snap the passed point to the guides.
word MSG_VIS_RULER_GET_GUIDE_INFLUENCE();
Guidelines will only affect the mouse if the mouse pointer lies within the guide's area of influence. This message returns the present influence value.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_GUIDE_INFLUENCE( word influence);
Guidelines will only affect the mouse if the mouse pointer lies within the guide's area of influence. This message sets the influence distance, measured in pixels.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SELECT_HORIZONTAL_GUIDE( @stack sdword dwfInt, word dwfFrac);
Use this message to select a horizontal guide at the passed coordinates, if any. Note that only one horizontal guide may be selected at any time.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SELECT_VERTICAL_GUIDE( @stack sdword dwfInt, word dwfFrac);
Use this message to select a vertical guide at the passed coordinates, if any. Note that only one vertical guide may be selected at any time.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_DESELECT_ALL_HORIZONTAL_GUIDES();
Use this message to deselect all of the ruler's horizontal guides.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_DESELECT_ALL_VERTICAL_GUIDES();
Use this message to deselect all of the ruler's vertical guides.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_DELETE_HORIZONTAL_GUIDE( @stack sdword dwfInt, word dwfFrac);
Use this message to delete the horizontal guide at the passed coordinate, if any.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_DELETE_VERTICAL_GUIDE( @stack sdword dwfInt, word dwfFrac);
Use this message to delete the vertical guide at the passed coordinate, if any.
Up until now, we have discussed various ways to constrain mouse movement to grid- or guide-lines. However, other constraints are possible, and may be accessed through the following messages.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_TO_AXES( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to constrain the mouse to the axes; that is to force it to be in line either horizontally or vertically with the reference point (the point stored in
VRI_reference
).
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_TO_HORIZONTAL_AXIS( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to constrain the mouse horizontally, forcing it to be in line horizontally with the reference point (the point stored in
VRI_reference
).
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_TO_VERTICAL_AXIS( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to constrain the mouse vertically, forcing it to be in line vertically with the reference point (the point stored in
VRI_reference
).
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_TO_DIAGONALS( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to constrain the mouse to the diagonal axes; that is to force it to be on a line 45 degrees through the reference point (the point stored in
VRI_reference
).
void MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_CONSTRAIN_TRANSFORM( TransMatrix* tm)
Use this message to impose a transformation on the coordinate system used to constrain the mouse. You can see this at work in GeoDraw when resizing an object which has been rotated or skewed.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CLEAR_CONSTRAIN_TRANSFORM();
Use this message to remove any transformation on the coordinate system used to constrain the mouse.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_X_TO_UNITY_SLOPE_AXIS( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to determine the coordinates resulting from horizontally snapping a given point to the Northeast diagonal line passing through the reference point.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_Y_TO_UNITY_SLOPE_AXIS( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to determine the coordinates resulting from vertically snapping a given point to the Northeast diagonal line passing through the reference point.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_X_TO_NEGATIVE_SLOPE_AXIS( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to determine the coordinates resulting from horizontally snapping a given point to the Southeast diagonal line passing through the reference point.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_Y_TO_NEGATIVE_SLOPE_AXIS( PointDWFixed _far* point);
Use this message to determine the coordinates resulting from horizontally snapping a given point to the Southeast diagonal line passing through the reference point.
@message void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_TO_VECTOR( PointDWFixed _far* point);
This message computes the point resulting from constraining the passed point using vector constraint. This means that the mouse's constrained location will end up at a certain angle from the reference angle. This angle is determined by means of a point set up my
MSG_VIS_RULER_SET_VECTOR
. This constraint will constrain the point either to the vector line or to that line's reflection.
@message void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_X_TO_VECTOR( PointDWFixed _far* point);
This message computes the point resulting from horizontally constraining the passed point to the line going through the reference point with the present vector slope.
@message void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_X_TO_VECTOR_REFLECTION( PointDWFixed _far* point);
This message computes the point resulting from horizontally constraining the passed point to the line going through the reference point with the negative of the present vector slope.
@message void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_Y_TO_VECTOR( PointDWFixed _far* point);
This message computes the point resulting from vertically constraining the passed point to the line going through the reference point with the present vector slope.
@message void MSG_VIS_RULER_CONSTRAIN_Y_TO_VECTOR_REFLECTION( PointDWFixed _far* point);
This message computes the point resulting from vertically constraining the passed point to the line going through the reference point with the negative of the present vector slope.
For the most part, the ruler will work together with the main view to coordinate updates. This is done by means of messages going to the ruler. Subclasses of VisRulerClass might conceivably intercept these messages to alter behavior.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_GAINED_SELECTION( optr dest);
This message notifies the ruler that the ruled object (the object in the main view) is selected and the ruler should update its UI to reflect its own attributes.
Parameters: dest Object to send messages to whenever a change in ruler settings should result in the ruled object being redrawn (e.g. when the user wants to draw the grid).
Return: Nothing.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_LOST_SELECTION();
This message notifies the ruler that the ruled object is no longer selected.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_UPDATE_CONTROLLERS();
This message signals that the ruler should update its associated controllers.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_UPDATE_TYPE_CONTROLLER();
This message signals that the ruler should update its type controller, if any.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_UPDATE_GRID_CONTROLLER();
This message signals that the ruler should update its grid controller, if any.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_UPDATE_GUIDE_CONTROLLER();
This message signals that the ruler should update its guide controller, if any.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_COMBINE_GUIDE_INFO( MemHandle data); /* Handle of block containing VisRulerNotifyGuideChangeBlockHeader*/
This message allows the horizontal and vertical rulers to load their respective guide information into a single structure so that the information can be collated and passed on to a RulerGuideControl.
Structures:
typedef struct { LMemBlockHeader VRNGCBH_header; word VRNGCBH_vertGuideArray; word VRNGCBH_horizGuideArray; } VisRulerNotifyGuideChangeBlockHeader;
void MSG_VIS_RULER_VIEW_SCALE_FACTOR_CHANGED( @stack WindowHandle viewWindow, WWFixedAsDWord yScaleFactor, WWFixedAsDWord xScaleFactor);
The ruler will receive this message when the main view's scale factor changes. Specifically, when the RulerContent `s scale is changing (which will happen because of the RulerView's link to the main view), its handler for
MSG_META_CONTENT_VIEW_SCALE_FACTOR_CHANGED
sends this message to the VisRuler.
@message word MSG_VIS_RULER_GET_DESIRED_SIZE();
This message returns how much space the ruler thinks it needs to draw the numbers and hatch marks.
Interception: This method should be subclassed if the subclassed ruler's size needs to vary with respect to scale factor, whether the ruler is horizontal or vertical, or whatever size seems appropriate.
void MSG_VIS_RULER_INVALIDATE_WITH_SLAVES();
The ruler's default behavior will result in it redrawing itself at appropriate times. Depending on what use you put your ruler to, you may have to force it to redraw itself. If so, you should probably use this message.


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演示2
演示3


Field
public struct Field
A header field represents the key for a specific entry in the HTTP header. There exist
some pre-defined header fields that are used frequently (e.g. Content-Type) which are
exposed via static variables.
The user may add additional static variables here to provide a safe way for using header
fields.
Header fields can also be (transparently) initialized via strings, i.e. anywhere where
a header field is required, the user may simply pass a String
. Nonetheless, the usage of
static variables is encouraged to prevent needless typos.
-
HTTP
Accept
header: defines a list of allowed media types in the response.Declaration
Swift
public static let accept: HttpHeader.Field
-
HTTP
Accept-Language
header: defines a list of allowed languages in the response.Declaration
Swift
public static let acceptLanguage: HttpHeader.Field
-
HTTP
Authorization
header: authentication credentials for HTTP authentication.Declaration
Swift
public static let authorization: HttpHeader.Field
-
HTTP
Content-Length
header: the length of the request body in bytes.Declaration
Swift
public static let contentLength: HttpHeader.Field
-
HTTP
Content-Type
header: the MIME type of the request body. UseHttpMimeType
for defining values.Declaration
Swift
public static let contentType: HttpHeader.Field
-
Custom HTTP
X-Api-Key
header that is used often: sets an API key that identifies the application to the server.Declaration
Swift
public static let apiKey: HttpHeader.Field
-
Declaration
Swift
public init(stringLiteral value: String)
-
Declaration
Swift
public func hash(into hasher: inout Hasher)


pamstack(1) pamstack(1) NAME pamstack - stack planes of multiple PAM images into one PAM image SYNOPSIS pamstack [-tupletype tupletype] [inputfilespec] All options may be abbreviated to the shortest unique prefix. DESCRIPTION Reads multiple PAM or PNM images as input. Produces a PAM image as out‐ put, consisting of all the planes (channels) of the inputs, stacked in the order specified. The output is the same dimensions as the inputs, except that the depth is the sum of the depths of the inputs. It has the same maxval. pamstack fails if the inputs are not all the same width, height, and maxval. The tuple type is a null string unless you specify the -tupletype option. pamchannel does the opposite of pamstack: It extracts individual planes from a single PAM. Use pamtopnm to convert a suitable PAM image to a more traditional PNM (PBM, PGM, or PPM) image. One example of using pamstack is that some Netpbm programs accept as input a PAM that represents graphic image with transparency information -- tuple type "RGBA". In Netpbm, such images were traditionally repre‐ sented as two images - a PPM for the color and a PGM for the trans‐ parency. To convert a PPM/PGM pair into PAM(RGBA) input that newer pro‐ grams require, do something like this: pamstack -tupletype=RGBA myimage.ppm myalpha.pgm | pamtouil >myimage.uil OPTIONS -tupletype tupletype This specified the tuple type name to be recorded in the output. You may use any string up to 255 characters. Some programs recog‐ nize some names. If you omit this option, the default tuple type name is null. SEE ALSO pam(5) AUTHOR Copyright (C) by Bryan Henderson, San Jose CA 2000.08.05 01 May 2002 pamstack(1)


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请参见：
描述
| 接口摘要 | |
|---|---|
| NormMatlabRemote | The NormMatlabRemote class provides a Java RMI-compliant interface to the
M-functions from the files:
D:\\Java\\MyWorkspace\\test\\calNorms.m
The dispose() method must be called on a NormMatlabRemote
instance when it is no longer needed to ensure that native resources allocated by this
class are properly freed, and the server-side proxy is unexported. |
| 类摘要 | |
|---|---|
| Norm_matMCRFactory | INTERNAL USE ONLY |
| NormMatlab | The NormMatlab class provides a Java interface to the M-functions
from the files:
D:\\Java\\MyWorkspace\\test\\calNorms.m
The NormMatlab.dispose() method must be called on a NormMatlab
instance when it is no longer needed to ensure that native resources allocated by this
class are properly freed. |
This package was created using MATLAB Builder JA. The classes included in this package are wrappers around M functions which were used when compiling this package in MATLAB. These classes have public methods that provide access to the M functions used by MATLAB Builder JA during compilation.
NOTE: Creating the first instance of one of the classes from this package is more time consuming than creating subsequent instances since the native libraries from the MCR get loaded the first time; the subsequent instances of classes are created more quickly since they use the already loaded native libraries.
norm_mat
package will only work with the javabuilder.jar file included with MCR version 8.1.NOTE: com.mathworks.toolbox.javabuilder.MWArray
is one of many data
conversion classes provided in javabuilder.jar. MWArray is an abstract class representing a
MATLAB array. Each MATLAB array type has a corresponding concrete class type in the
MWArray class hierarchy. The public methods that represent M functions, for the classes
of norm_mat
package, can take instances of these concrete classes as
input. These methods can also take native JAVA primitive or array types as input. These native
types get converted to appropriate MWArray types using data conversion rules provides by
MATLAB Builder JA e.g a JAVA primitive type double gets converted into an instance of
MWNumericArray (a subclass of MWArray)
|
||||||||
| 上一个软件包 下一个软件包 | 框架 无框架 |


Press WASD to move
Shift to stop moving
Left click to shoot
E to lunge forward
Q and F are unlockable abilities in the shop
Rampant Reload (Ability)
Cost: 2000 coins
Health Boost (Ability)
Cost: 3000 coins
Health Regeneration
Cost: 1000 coins
LUNGE
Rampant Reload
HEALTH BOOST


Operation
To simulate the query slowdown problem, setup the database as below.
The CLP script in the adhoc SQL window on the right pane does the following:
- Creates a table.
- Inserts random data into the table. (To simulate the problem, indexes are not created on the table initially.)
To execute the CLP code :
- Click on the RUN button on the adhoc SQL window.
Pre-Requisites
Before proceeding to the next step, make sure that:
- Sample database is created. Use following command to create sample database:
- All monitor switches are turned ON. Use following commands to turn ON the monitor switches:
UPDATE DBM CFG USING DFT_MON_BUFPOOL ON
UPDATE DBM CFG USING DFT_MON_LOCK ON
UPDATE DBM CFG USING DFT_MON_SORT ON
UPDATE DBM CFG USING DFT_MON_STMT ON
UPDATE DBM CFG USING DFT_MON_TABLE ON
UPDATE DBM CFG USING DFT_MON_TIMESTAMP ON
UPDATE DBM CFG USING DFT_MON_UOW ON
- Database is activated. Use following command to activate the database:


return home
documentation
select one:
containers
basic
boxes
codeblocks
generic
components
basic
an-reveal family
buttons/menus
labels
sidebars
tips
titles
extend anole
CSS
standard themes
creating themes
css extensions
Javascript
js extensions
"easter eggs"
mobile
---
about anole
choose one
FAQ
why anole?
---
anole on github
Report bugs, contribute, or just get the code.
visit my website
rolandixor.pro
mobile menu
anole framework demo (WIP)
an-sidebar
A standard sidebar component.
A more detailed description will go here.
open demo
Screen-shot.
There will be an animated screenshot here.
.an-tail
this section is always visible, but can be hidden.


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The dreams of yesterday are the hopes of today and the reality of tomorrow. Science has not yet mastered prophecy. We predict too much for the next year and yet far too little for the next ten.{% endblock %}


Study
Muren 2015
Yamasaki 2007
Yin 2013
Overall (I-squared = 47.0%, p=0.151)
P=0.005
NOTE: Weights are from random effects analysis
WMD (95% Cl)
12.90 (-24.64, -1.16)
-8.40 (-21.56, 4.76)
28.60 (—44.86, -12.34)
15.60 (-26.37, -4.83)
38.47
3443
27.10
100.00


Create 'roxygen2' skeleton populated with information scraped from the within the function script. Also creates field entries for imports in the 'DESCRIPTION' and import in the 'NAMESPACE' files. Can be run from the R console or through the 'RStudio' 'addin' menu.
| Version: | 0.3.8 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 2.3.0) |
| Imports: | rstudioapi, utils, shiny, miniUI, tools, sos, stringi, yaml, crayon, cli, rematch2 |
| Suggests: | roxygen2, testthat |
| Published: | 2018-08-31 |
| Author: | Jonathan Sidi [aut, cre], Anton Grishin [ctb], Lorenzo Busetto [ctb] |
| Maintainer: | Jonathan Sidi <yonis at metrumrg.com> |
| BugReports: | https://github.com/metrumresearchgroup/sinew/issues |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 |
| URL: | https://github.com/metrumresearchgroup/sinew |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | sinew results |
| Reference manual: | sinew.pdf |
| Package source: | sinew_0.3.8.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: sinew_0.3.8.zip, r-release: sinew_0.3.8.zip, r-oldrel: sinew_0.3.8.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: sinew_0.3.8.tgz, r-oldrel: sinew_0.3.8.tgz |
| Old sources: | sinew archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=sinew to link to this page.


Management of work division and timeline.
| Division of task | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Task | Jiafeng | Tuan | Start date | End date |
| 1. Come up with an idea fits the requirements | ✓ | ✓ | 2015.10.17 | 2015.10.25 |
| 2. Research about technology used in designing game | ✓ | ✓ | 2015.10.27 | 2015.11.05 |
| 3. Specify requirements according to clients need | ✓ | 2015.11.07 | 2015.11.10 | |
| 4. Design game model and data model | ✓ | ✓ | 2015.11.10 | 2015.11.17 |
| 5. Create storyboard | ✓ | 2015.11.17 | 2015.11.20 | |
| 6. Design game prototype | ✓ | 2015.11.21 | 2015.12.03 | |
| 7. Buildup team website | ✓ | ✓ | 2015.12.05 | 2015.12.07 |
| 8. Making a model makes the car run on track | ✓ | 2015.12.08 | 2015.12.17 | |
| 9. Generating questions and require user input answers | ✓ | 2015.12.17 | 2015.12.23 | |
| 10. Adding timer,pausing menu and accuracy | ✓ | 2016.01.25 | 2016.01.29 | |
| 11. Designing a levelSelection page. | ✓ | 2016.01.25 | 2016.01.28 | |
| 12. Designing game menu | ✓ | 2016.01.30 | 2016.02.07 | |
| 13. Designing themes: City and Dessert | ✓ | 2016.02.07 | 2016.02.20 | |
| 14. Add 3 themes: space, sky and forest | ✓ | 2016.02.20 | 2016.02.27 | |
| 15. Add sound effect and background music | ✓ | 2016.02.27 | 2016.03.03 | |
| 16. Add result page | ✓ | 2016.03.03 | 2016.03.09 | |
| 17. Buildup database | ✓ | 2016.02.27 | 2016.03.10 | |
| 18. Upload game data to database | ✓ | ✓ | 2016.03.15 | 2016.03.27 |
| 19. Display data to parents and teachers | ✓ | ✓ | 2016.03.27 | 2016.04.05 |
| 20. Detail adjustment and improvement | ✓ | ✓ | 2016.04.06 | 2016.04.27 |