We are providing some tips & tricks which candidates should follow while preparing for the exam. Through this section, candidates can know how to prepare for NIMCET exam.
Know Your Syllabus:
Candidates while preparing for NIMCET exam are required to go through its complete syllabus. Preparing according to prescribed syllabus ensures that you don’t waste time studying extra topics. NIMCET exam will comprise of four sections: Mathematics, Analytical Ability and Logical Reasoning, Computer Awareness and General English.
Prepare Notes:
Candidates should regularly prepare notes for all important and difficult topics. Notes are prepared from various books, so it saves time reading the content from different books. Making notes helps in memorizing the topics easily. Notes also help in last time revision when exams are close.
Time Management:
Candidates should use time efficiently for exam preparation. Candidates should begin their preparation as early as possible to complete the entire syllabus before the exam date. Give educate time to all the subjects asked in the exam. Emphasize more on important and hard topics.
Solve Previous Year Papers:
Candidates must solve NIMCET previous year papers to understand its exam pattern. It also helps in understanding the difficulty level & marking scheme of the exam. Candidates are required to first complete the syllabus before solving previous year papers.
Revision:
Revision is the must while preparing for the exam. Regular revision of the previously studied topics helps in memorizing it better. Candidates should regularly revise all difficult and simple topics.
Regular Exercise:
During exam preparation, candidates should not avoid exercise. Exercise can be of any form such as walking, running and meditation etc. Exercise act as a stress buster and relaxes body and mind.
Good Study Material:
It is the best thing what a candidate can possess during exam preparation. A good set of study material helps in understanding topics better from the syllabus. Study materials will be uploaded soon.


public final class FileSystems extends Object
getDefault
method to get the default file system and factory methods to
construct other types of file systems.
The first invocation of any of the methods defined by this class causes
the default provider
to be loaded. The default
provider, identified by the URI scheme "file", creates the FileSystem
that provides access to the file systems accessible to the Java virtual
machine. If the process of loading or initializing the default provider fails
then an unspecified error is thrown.
The first invocation of the installedProviders
method, by way of invoking any of the newFileSystem
methods defined by this class, locates and loads all
installed file system providers. Installed providers are loaded using the
service-provider loading facility defined by the ServiceLoader
class.
Installed providers are loaded using the system class loader. If the
system class loader cannot be found then the extension class loader is used;
if there is no extension class loader then the bootstrap class loader is used.
Providers are typically installed by placing them in a JAR file on the
application class path or in the extension directory, the JAR file contains a
provider-configuration file named java.nio.file.spi.FileSystemProvider
in the resource directory META-INF/services
, and the file lists one or
more fully-qualified names of concrete subclass of FileSystemProvider
that have a zero argument constructor.
The ordering that installed providers are located is implementation specific.
If a provider is instantiated and its getScheme
returns the same URI scheme of a provider that was previously
instantiated then the most recently instantiated duplicate is discarded. URI
schemes are compared without regard to case. During construction a provider
may safely access files associated with the default provider but care needs
to be taken to avoid circular loading of other installed providers. If
circular loading of installed providers is detected then an unspecified error
is thrown.
This class also defines factory methods that allow a ClassLoader
to be specified when locating a provider. As with installed providers, the
provider classes are identified by placing the provider configuration file
in the resource directory META-INF/services
.
If a thread initiates the loading of the installed file system providers and another thread invokes a method that also attempts to load the providers then the method will block until the loading completes.
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
static FileSystem |
getDefault()
Returns the default
FileSystem . |
static FileSystem |
getFileSystem(URI uri)
Returns a reference to an existing
FileSystem . |
static FileSystem |
newFileSystem(Path path,
ClassLoader loader)
Constructs a new
FileSystem to access the contents of a file as a
file system. |
static FileSystem |
newFileSystem(URI uri,
Map<String,?> env)
Constructs a new file system that is identified by a
URI |
static FileSystem |
newFileSystem(URI uri,
Map<String,?> env,
ClassLoader loader)
Constructs a new file system that is identified by a
URI |
public static FileSystem getDefault()
FileSystem
. The default file system creates
objects that provide access to the file systems accessible to the Java
virtual machine. The working directory of the file system is
the current user directory, named by the system property user.dir
.
This allows for interoperability with the java.io.File
class.
The first invocation of any of the methods defined by this class
locates the default provider
object. Where the
system property java.nio.file.spi.DefaultFileSystemProvider
is
not defined then the default provider is a system-default provider that
is invoked to create the default file system.
If the system property java.nio.file.spi.DefaultFileSystemProvider
is defined then it is taken to be a list of one or more fully-qualified
names of concrete provider classes identified by the URI scheme
"file"
. Where the property is a list of more than one name then
the names are separated by a comma. Each class is loaded, using the system
class loader, and instantiated by invoking a one argument constructor
whose formal parameter type is FileSystemProvider
. The providers
are loaded and instantiated in the order they are listed in the property.
If this process fails or a provider's scheme is not equal to "file"
then an unspecified error is thrown. URI schemes are normally compared
without regard to case but for the default provider, the scheme is
required to be "file"
. The first provider class is instantiated
by invoking it with a reference to the system-default provider.
The second provider class is instantiated by invoking it with a reference
to the first provider instance. The third provider class is instantiated
by invoking it with a reference to the second instance, and so on. The
last provider to be instantiated becomes the default provider; its getFileSystem
method is invoked with the URI "file:///"
to
get a reference to the default file system.
Subsequent invocations of this method return the file system that was returned by the first invocation.
public static FileSystem getFileSystem(URI uri)
FileSystem
.
This method iterates over the installed
providers to locate the provider that is identified by the URI
scheme
of the given URI. URI schemes are compared
without regard to case. The exact form of the URI is highly provider
dependent. If found, the provider's getFileSystem
method is invoked to obtain a reference to the FileSystem
.
Once a file system created by this provider is closed
it is provider-dependent if this method returns a reference to
the closed file system or throws FileSystemNotFoundException
.
If the provider allows a new file system to be created with the same URI
as a file system it previously created then this method throws the
exception if invoked after the file system is closed (and before a new
instance is created by the newFileSystem
method).
If a security manager is installed then a provider implementation
may require to check a permission before returning a reference to an
existing file system. In the case of the default
file system, no permission check is required.
uri
- the URI to locate the file systemIllegalArgumentException
- if the pre-conditions for the uri
parameter are not metFileSystemNotFoundException
- if the file system, identified by the URI, does not existProviderNotFoundException
- if a provider supporting the URI scheme is not installedSecurityException
- if a security manager is installed and it denies an unspecified
permissionpublic static FileSystem newFileSystem(URI uri, Map<String,?> env) throws IOException
URI
This method iterates over the installed
providers to locate the provider that is identified by the URI
scheme
of the given URI. URI schemes are compared
without regard to case. The exact form of the URI is highly provider
dependent. If found, the provider's newFileSystem(URI,Map)
method is invoked to construct the new file system.
Once a file system is closed
it is
provider-dependent if the provider allows a new file system to be created
with the same URI as a file system it previously created.
Usage Example:
Suppose there is a provider identified by the scheme "memory"
installed:
Map<String,String> env = new HashMap<>(); env.put("capacity", "16G"); env.put("blockSize", "4k"); FileSystem fs = FileSystems.newFileSystem(URI.create("memory:///?name=logfs"), env);
uri
- the URI identifying the file systemenv
- a map of provider specific properties to configure the file system;
may be emptyIllegalArgumentException
- if the pre-conditions for the uri
parameter are not met,
or the env
parameter does not contain properties required
by the provider, or a property value is invalidFileSystemAlreadyExistsException
- if the file system has already been createdProviderNotFoundException
- if a provider supporting the URI scheme is not installedIOException
- if an I/O error occurs creating the file systemSecurityException
- if a security manager is installed and it denies an unspecified
permission required by the file system provider implementationpublic static FileSystem newFileSystem(URI uri, Map<String,?> env, ClassLoader loader) throws IOException
URI
This method first attempts to locate an installed provider in exactly
the same manner as the newFileSystem(URI,Map)
method. If none of the installed providers support the URI scheme then an
attempt is made to locate the provider using the given class loader. If a
provider supporting the URI scheme is located then its newFileSystem(URI,Map)
is
invoked to construct the new file system.
uri
- the URI identifying the file systemenv
- a map of provider specific properties to configure the file system;
may be emptyloader
- the class loader to locate the provider or null
to only
attempt to locate an installed providerIllegalArgumentException
- if the pre-conditions for the uri
parameter are not met,
or the env
parameter does not contain properties required
by the provider, or a property value is invalidFileSystemAlreadyExistsException
- if the URI scheme identifies an installed provider and the file
system has already been createdProviderNotFoundException
- if a provider supporting the URI scheme is not foundServiceConfigurationError
- when an error occurs while loading a service providerIOException
- an I/O error occurs creating the file systemSecurityException
- if a security manager is installed and it denies an unspecified
permission required by the file system provider implementationpublic static FileSystem newFileSystem(Path path, ClassLoader loader) throws IOException
FileSystem
to access the contents of a file as a
file system.
This method makes use of specialized providers that create pseudo file systems where the contents of one or more files is treated as a file system.
This method iterates over the installed
providers. It invokes, in turn, each provider's newFileSystem(Path,Map)
method
with an empty map. If a provider returns a file system then the iteration
terminates and the file system is returned. If none of the installed
providers return a FileSystem
then an attempt is made to locate
the provider using the given class loader. If a provider returns a file
system then the lookup terminates and the file system is returned.
path
- the path to the fileloader
- the class loader to locate the provider or null
to only
attempt to locate an installed providerProviderNotFoundException
- if a provider supporting this file type cannot be locatedServiceConfigurationError
- when an error occurs while loading a service providerIOException
- if an I/O error occursSecurityException
- if a security manager is installed and it denies an unspecified
permissionDracula Javadoc Sample, Made with Allan Im.


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| Today's Pictures & News |
Whats in the Sky? | Cosmology |
| Astronomy (APOD) | The Sun | Big Bang |
| Earth (EPOD) | Space Weather | Timeline |
| Sky Online | Atmospheric Optics | Cosmology 101 |
| Universe Today | Tonight's Sky | Animations |
| Space Daily | Satellites | CMB |
| NASA & ESA | Lebofsky Newsletter | The Known Universe |
Observing Resources: Mt. Lemmon Observatory:
- Mt. Lemmon Clear Sky Chart
- Mt. Lemmon Observatory Weather
- The History of Mt. Lemmon (select RADAR SITES; enter unit=684 & "search"; click on Mt. Lemmon)
- Mt. Lemmon Observatory Site
- Mt . Bigelow Observatory
- Kitt Peak National Observatory
- Mt. Graham International Observatory
- Tucson
- Official US Time
- Astronomy Camp Home Page
- The University of Arizona
- The Steward Observatory Home Page
- The Steward Observatory Mirror Lab Home Page
- Kitt Peak National Observatory Home Page
- The MMT Observatory Home Page
- NASA's Planetary Photojournal
- Space Art done by various artists including frequent Camp guest, Kim Poor.
- The University of Arizona SEDS
- CCD images of Messier Objects
- National Radio Astronomy Observatory Home Page
- NASA Home Page
Home | Information | Registration | Articles | Links
All Images, Media and Content - Copyright © 2019 Astronomy Camp
Site Design by Jacob Omann. Maintained by Astronomy Camp. Updated December 30, 2018
All Images, Media and Content - Copyright © 2019 Astronomy Camp
Site Design by Jacob Omann. Maintained by Astronomy Camp. Updated December 30, 2018


Use XDomain instead. However, if you MUST use CORS:
loading...
loading...
1. requests MUST use the protocol of the current page
2. only these 3 events work: 'progress','timeout','error'
3. request headers do not work, and only the content-type response header works
4. only GET or POST may be used requests
5. requests must be async
6. 'withCredentials' will not work
1. Include XHook
2. Install this before-hook
3. Make normal XMLHttpRequests, if user has crossdomain and IE8/9, they will be silently swapped out for XDR


The Red Balls collide not with them self.
The Blue Balls collide only with the Red Balls.
The Green Cubes collide only with the Ground and them self.


Typed
Welcome to Typed.js!
Constructor Summary
| Public Constructor | ||
| public |
|
Member Summary
| Public Members | ||
| public |
|
|
| public |
|
|
| public |
cursor: * |
|
| public |
|
|
| public |
sequence: * |
|
| public |
stopNum: * |
|
| public |
|
|
| public |
|
|
| public |
timeout: * |
|
| public |
|
Method Summary
| Public Methods | ||
| public |
destroy() Destroy this instance of Typed |
|
| public |
Reset Typed and optionally restarts |
|
| public |
start() Start typing / backspacing after being stopped |
|
| public |
stop() Stop typing / backspacing and enable cursor blinking |
|
| public |
toggle() Toggle start() and stop() of the Typed instance |
| Private Methods | ||
| private |
Backspaces 1 character at a time |
|
| private |
begin() Begins the typing animation |
|
| private |
If using input elements, bind focus in order to start and stop the animation |
|
| private |
complete() Full animation is complete |
|
| private |
doneTyping(curString: string, curStrPos: number) We're done typing the current string |
|
| private |
Speed in MS to type |
|
| private |
initFadeOut(): * Adds a CSS class to fade out current string |
|
| private |
On init, insert the cursor element |
|
| private |
keepTyping(curString: string, curStrPos: number) Continue to the next string & begin typing |
|
| private |
replaceText(str: string) Replaces current text in the HTML element depending on element type |
|
| private |
setPauseStatus(curString: string, curStrPos: number, isTyping: boolean) Has the typing been stopped |
|
| private |
Shuffle the sequence of the strings array |
|
| private |
toggleBlinking(isBlinking: boolean) Toggle the blinking cursor |
|
| private |
Called for each character typed |
Public Constructors
public constructor() source
Public Members
public cursor: * source
public cursorBlinking: * source
public sequence: * source
public stopNum: * source
public timeout: * source
Public Methods
public reset(restart: boolean) source
Reset Typed and optionally restarts
Params:
| Name | Type | Attribute | Description |
| restart | boolean |
Private Methods
private backspace(curString: string, curStrPos: number): * source
Backspaces 1 character at a time
Return:
| * |
private bindFocusEvents() source
If using input elements, bind focus in order to start and stop the animation
private doneTyping(curString: string, curStrPos: number) source
We're done typing the current string
private humanizer(speed: number): * source
Speed in MS to type
Params:
| Name | Type | Attribute | Description |
| speed | number |
Return:
| * |
private keepTyping(curString: string, curStrPos: number) source
Continue to the next string & begin typing
private replaceText(str: string) source
Replaces current text in the HTML element depending on element type
Params:
| Name | Type | Attribute | Description |
| str | string |
private setPauseStatus(curString: string, curStrPos: number, isTyping: boolean) source
Has the typing been stopped


Celtic star Christopher Jullien explains Livingston jitters and the lifelong mantra that ensures he 'never loses'
The centre-back has bounced back to help the Hoops reach the Europa League last 32.
by Liam Bryce, https://www.dailyrecord.co.uk/authors/liam-bryce/From Tony Macaroni jitters to Stadio Olimpico euphoria, Christopher Jullien knows how to bounce back.
The Celtic star's Tweet claiming he was "nervous" during the Hoops defeat against Livingston last month was given a social media hammering.
But instead of a hasty deletion and retraction, Jullien has used his bruising encounter with Lyndon Dykes for the better.
The £7million from Toulouse has a lifelong mantra he insists ensures he "never loses".
And his recovery culminated in another towering display as Neil Lennon's side stunned Lazio to reach the Europa League last 32 with room to spare.
"I always say that in my life I never lose, you know? So when I lose a game I learn," Jullien told The Daily Mail .
"I said to the team and the coach after the Livingston game that I was sorry because I let my emotions get to me that day.
"I lost my head in the game. It's something that's happened but I don't think it's going to happen again.
"Every bad thing I do in my life, every bad moment I see it as an opportunity to get better.
"I have thought this way since I was young. So I can definitely say that the Livingston game made me stronger.
"It helps me every day. And it it helped me (against Lazio)."
Jullien feels those powers of recovery extend right throughout the Celtic team as he insists the best may be yet to come on the European stage.
He added: "It's good to be part of this. We know the result is historical and we will enjoy it.
"We don't know how far we can go.
"We still have two games to play and we want to win them both and finish first.
"That would perhaps get us a better draw in the next round.
"Every bad step this team has made, every bad result, we have just stepped back up again.
"We come back stronger, whether it be the Champions League defeat or the game against Livingston.
"We get back up, work, keep the head up."


The potential positive impacts of the Grader Tool as a functioning system are increased convenience and efficiency in managing student grades. The tool allows for easy control of entering in weighted student grades to a spreadsheet with a curve. Notable features that will enhance the use of the Grader Tool include
Potential negative impacts include issues of privacy, reliability, and data integrity. If the system implementation is flawed, it may reveal private information that students do not wish to be revealed, such as individual student names or grades. For legal reasons, student names are not displayed, however it may be an issue of privacy to display other information for individual students, such as student ID numbers or individual assignment grades. Even with anonymous names, students can potentially see the progress of other students' grades and pinpoint the progress of another student, which may not be desirable for students.


---
layout: null
section-type: about
title: About
---
## About
I'm the kind of person who wants to achieve three stars in every level of Angry Birds. In other words, I'm always seeking to come up with the best solution to any problem.
I love the intersection of ***design*** and ***usability*** to create compelling products that people love to use.
Currently I'm at Booking.com working to help people find the best experiences in their travels.


Did Stripe IPO Yet?
NO :-(
Stock Calculatorestimated
Net Share Value
1234
Powered by Patience
While you're here ...
Do you review code on Github?
Boring isn't it? There's never an emoticon for what you are feeling! Use Gitmeme to communicate your true emotions to your team mates!
Built by Stripe engineers and designers for your enjoyment. (Not affiliated with Stripe)
Get Gitmeme Now


In the modern world, we spend most of our lives sitting.  Employees with white color jobs typically spend nearly 8 hours
a day in front of their computer at work. With the COVID-19 pandemic, the same can be said for students, who have been
relegated to online classes taken from their desks at home. According to an analysis, published in the Journal of the American
Medical Association, the average American spends over 6 hours a day sitting down, an increase from a similar study done in 2007.
For teenagers ages 12 to 19, this number is even higher at 8 hours a day.
Spending time sitting means more time where our seated
posture matters. And unfortunately for us, our posture can have real effects on our health. Poor posture has been linked to
headaches and neck pain, a decrease in shoulder mobility, and weakness in the abdominal and buttock muscles. Furthermore, poor
posture can have negative impacts on the respiratory system. With time spent sitting rising, and the potential impacts of poor
posture, we were motivated to create this project: a posture detecting chair.
The system consists of three main blocks: 1) The seat and backrest, 2) the mobile application, and 3) the server
The seat and backrest are filled with a series of sensors. These sensors are connected to an ESP32 microprocessor,
which structures the data into a packet and sends it over Bluetooth to the mobile application.
The mobile application provides feedback to the user regarding their current posture. Currently, we are attempting
to have the mobile application handle the classification, rather than having to ping the server to classify the data
that it has received. This structure would improve the feedback time, avoiding the latency of sending and receiving data
from the server. However, there are some limitations with Android applications that may make this difficult
The server stores relevant data on the user and a historic record of their posture. As it stands, the server stores
a trained classifier for each user that is sent to the mobile application on login. This structure is subject to change if we are
unable to properly integrate the classifier into the Android application.
The mobile application on Android is written in Java using Android studio. The application will be used to offer both immediate and long term feedback to the user.
When the user assumes an improper posture, the app will produce a notification to alert the user to fix their posture. As the user sits on the cushions, pressure sensor data will be
collected through the Arduino. This data is formatted into an array so that each element corresponds to the reading of a single sensor. It is then transmitted wirelessly via bluetooth
to the pre-trained machine learning model, which classifies the posture. Pressure sensor data will be sent to the model periodically to be classified so
that any improper posture may be immediately detected.
The classification model will be custom made for each user. In order to use the application, each user must create an account and go through a calibration phase where the user is told
to sit in various postures. During calibration, sensor data is collected and sent to the server where it is used to train an unique classification model for the user. The model is then converted
to pmml file format, sent back to the application, and stored in the user's mobile device. In future uses of the application, the pmml file can be quickly loaded into a classifier in Java
that allows us to perform classification directly on the client side. We hope that this will reduce latency during classification and make it as real-time as possible since there would be
no delays from network requests.
In the long term, the application will attempt to find patterns of bad posture in the data in order to suggest appropriate exercises to fix them. Users will have the ability to view historic
posture data as well as analytic on that posture set.
The back end server is written in Python and primarily interfaces with the frontend through Flask. The
front end sends HTTP requests, which are received and processed by the backend.
Data is stored in a MySQL database and is accessed by the backend through the SQLAlchemy library. Storage for
the user posture models is done by saving the generated models in a .pmml format and associating the file
name with the id of the user in the user data model database. The PMML format was chosen over a Python pickle
to allow for the usage of a Python generated classifier in an Android environment. When a request is made to
get the model for a user, the backend retrieves the file name from the database and sends the corresponding
PMML file located in server storage. Said request has a boolean flag to generate a new model which if set to
true, will generate a new model, overwrite the existing PMML file as well as the database entry, and then send
back the new model.
The training data for users is stored with the user id, the identified posture, the sensor data, and a
timestamp of when the data was collected. The purpose of this database is to store and retrieve data for
generating new models and updating preexisting models if requested.
Our device is a combination of a back and seat cushion that can be placed on any chair. A back and seat cushion is more portable than an entire chair. Additionally, the cushions are ergonomically designed to promote better posture while being comfortable. Sensors will be placed on the back and seat cushions such that they do not interfere with the user’s comfort, meeting our requirement of being non-intrusive. The sensors interface with the ESP32, which reads and organizes all of the sensor readings into a format that is easy to process by the application. The ESP32 is stored in a compartment located behind the seat cushion and below the back cushion, where this an unused gap between the cushions and the chair.
We created custom pressure sensors using a piezo-resistive mateiral called Velostat. For our conductors, wires were soldered to cooper tape, and one stirp of copper tape was placed on each side ofthe Velostat. Each side of the Velostat was then covered with aluminum foil, and regular tape was used to keep the aluminum foil, copper tape, and Velostat compressed against each other. Using this method, we can construct sensors of any size and of any number, which allow us to easily change the placement pattern of our sensor array if needed.
The microprocessor chip we used was the ESP32-WROOM-32 module. The module has built in Bluetooth and WiFi capabilites, allowing for wireless transfer of sensor data to the Android application.
The machine learning algorithm used to classify the postures is logistic regression. Logistic regression is a classification technique which finds a linear decision boundary to separate multiple
classes. For instance, to separate two postures, the classifier finds a vector of coefficients w = (w1,...,wm) such that
wT f = Σ wl*fl is positive for feature values f = (f1,...,fm) from one posture, and negative for
the other. For k postures, logistic regression models the conditional likelihood of posture j, P(y = j | F = f)
given features F = f as:
where wj are posture specific vectors found by the training algorithm. In order to
classify an unseen observation f, the algorithm would select the most probable posture, i.e., select j such
that P(y = j | F = f) is maximized.
The posture classification model is built in Python and uses the Scikit-learn
library. Using the data collected, logistic regression models are train and evaluated. K-fold cross-validation was used to tune hyper-parameters and select the model with the best accuracy. In addition, the
confusion matrix will be used for evaluation in order to ensure the occurrences of false positives are kept at a
minimum.
In this demo, we test out some common postures on our posture detecting chair to verify the accuracy of our system.


{{ with.Site.Params.copyright }} {{ . | markdownify }} {{ else }} © Copyright {{ now.Format "2006" }} {{ .Site.Params.name }} {{ end }}
Icons made by Freepik from www.flaticon.com is licensed by CC 3.0 BY


Rails
Layout Extension, release 0.3.0 (Jun. 2008)
Feature
=======
1.
simplifying content_for usage by extracting key/value pair from
content_for data like YAML and setting them as content_for variables
简化content_for的使用，采用类似YAML的key/value方式定义content_for变量
2.
let erb file can determine layout by changing the default behavior of
layout determining, just like java's sitemesh
通过改变默认的layout获取方式，使erb也可以定义layout，类似java的sitemesh
3.
use controller method if helper method requested from erb not exists
ERB请求helper的方法不存在，则自动调用controller的方法
4.
support theme template for field tag
支持field
tag的主题模板
Setup
=======
1.
rlayout as gem
put the following line into your rails initializer,
or bottom of
environment.rb
把下列这行代码加到rails的initializer里，或者environment.rb的最后
require
'rlayout'
2. rlayout as plugin
nothing need to
do
不需要做什么了
Usage
=======
1.
simplifying content_for
<% content_for :config do %>
title:
This is my title
panel: This is my panel
<% end %>
that
will do the same thing as the following:
<%- content_for
:title do -%>
This is my title
<%- end -%>
<%-
content_for :panel do -%>
This is my panel
<%- end -%>
2. determining layout in erb file
<% content_for
:config do %>
#note：key
layout won't be transferred to a content_for variable, it is only
used to determine a view layout
layout: happy
<% end %>
3. use theme template of field tag
class
YourController
form_theme :xhtml
end
and see related
code in folder "example/templates", the theme can be
defined in tag with :theme, that will override theme definition in
controller
Copyright (c) 2008 Leon Li, released under the MIT
license


--- layout: post title: Would you like a Mobile App with That? date: '2012-10-17T13:56:00-05:00' tags: - rails - ios - oauth - mobile permalink: /post/33781154129/would-you-like-a-mobile-app-with-that ---
From Android to iPhone, users everywhere have made it abundantly clear that mobile apps are the future, and when it comes to mobile nothing beats a native experience. Native apps mean we need API’s, and API’s need Authentication. That’s why I’m happy to introduce the solution to your mobile Rails backed authentication needs: oPRO. oPRO (pronounced oh-pro) is a Rails engine for adding an OAuth Provider to any Rails app. OAuth 2.0 is how the web authenticates services, if you’ve ever “signed in with Twitter” or “connected with Facebook” you’ve used OAuth. If you’re new to the concept, check out my introduction to OAuth. Otherwise put your programming cap on, cause we’re going to build your first Rails API backed iPhone app.
I’ll assume you’ve got a Rails app already burning a hole in your pocket, but if you don’t you can easily clone one of mine. The Rails app is going to need a User
model that we can authenticate against. You will also need authentication on your User
model, oPRO has built-in Devise integration, but if you’re using something else you can easily write your own adapter.
Now that you’ve got a working app you’ll need to install oPRO, you’ll start off by adding this code to your Gemfile
:
gem 'opro'
Then run
$ bundle install
and then
$ rails g opro:install
This will put a file in initializers/opro.rb
and generate some migrations, and add mount_opro_oauth
to your routes. If you are using Devise make sure that the auth_strategy
inside of of this initializer is set to :devise
, otherwise you’ll need to configure a Custom auth adapter:
config.auth_strategy = :devise
Next we need to migrate the database and we’re almost done.
$ rake db:migrate
This gives us a table to store OAuth client app credentials and a table to store access tokens for our users.
Now we need to configure which controllers will allow OAuth, we do this by adding allow_oauth!
to a controller. If you have a UsersController
go ahead and add it there, this will give any client with API access the ability to hit any actions in this controller.
class UsersController < ApplicationController
allow_oauth!
end
The allow_oauth!
method accepts the same arguments as a before_filter
Now that you’ve got oPRO set up, you need to generate an Client App auth token and secret. This is how your main Rails app will keep track of clients, and can be used for whitelisting, blacklisting and rate limiting. Go ahead and start your local server:
$ rails server
Now with your server running on port 3000 you can view the built in documentation if you wish, but for now we need to visit https://localhost:3000/oauth_client_apps/new to generate a client app. Fill out a name for your app such as: my first API app
and hit enter. You should be redirected to a page with a secret and a token. Record these, for the purposes of this example we will use these credentials:
Name: "my first API app"
client id: "3234myClientId5678"
Secret: "14321myClientSecret8765"
Now that you’ve got a working Rails app, and it’s acting as an OAuth provider; it’s time to get this party started and make your first Rails backed iPhone app.
If you’ve never coded Objective C, don’t get too nervous, I’ve already got an app we can start with. To see the app you can go to https://github.com/opro/opro_rails_demo. First we’ll need to clone this locally, go to your project directory (not inside of your rails app) and clone the repository:
$ git clone git@github.com:opro/opro.git
Move into that directory and run:
$ cd opro_iphone_demo
$ gem install cocoapods
$ pod install
$ open "oPRO-Demo.xcworkspace"
Here we are using cocoapods much like bundler to install external dependencies for our iPhone app. This app relies on the excellent AFNetworking and AFOauth2Client written by @mattt from Heroku. After you’ve run the above, xcode should be open. Make sure the target of the application is set for oPRO-Demo
and hit run (cmd+r). You should see a screen like this:
If you don’t see that screen you may need to update Xcode, install the iOS developer libraries, or change your target. Try checking the debug logs for output or errors. If you’re new to iOS programming, I recommend big nerd ranch: iOS Programming as a starting point. The iOS course from code school looks promising.
This iPhone demo app uses a Rails backed oPRO app that I’m hosting on Heroku: https://opro-demo.herokuapp.com. Previously I generated credentials for it that you can see if you open OproAPIClient.h
:
#define oClientBaseURLString @"https://opro-demo.herokuapp.com/"
#define oClientID @"5e163ed8c70cc28e993109c788325307"
#define oClientSecret @"898ca5b48548bb3988b3c8469081fcfb"
You can make sure the demo works with my default Rails app on Heroku by pressing the “Create a Random User button”, this is will hit an endpoint on https://opro-demo.herokuapp.com/ that saves a new user to the database, and returns the randomly generated email and password so the mobile app can log in. This functionality isn’t something you would want to have in your app, but is useful for an OAuth demo.
Once the server responds to your iPhone simulator, the email and password fields should now be filled-in and the “Log In” button should be active. Press it. This will send the email and password to the server along with your client id and client secret. If everything is successful the server will return an access token you can use on behalf of the user. You should be taken to a new screen that has email, twitter, and zip on it. Try modifying one of the fields and submitting the form. When you do this you are changing data on the Rails server as an authenticated user. From now on, any requests you make with the access token mean you are acting on the behalf of that user.
If you didn’t see the fields update look at the client logs and see if you can find any errors. Now that you’ve got a working iPhone app, it’s time to re-purpose this it for your own site.
Now that you’ve verified that the iPhone demo app works with the demo on Heroku we’re going to modify it to work with your local Rails app. First, make sure that you have your local Rails app running:
$ rails server
Now grab the credentials you wrote down earlier after signing up for a client application on your own server. If you didn’t it’s okay, you can go to https://localhost:3000/oauth_client_apps, select an app, and write down the secret and id, for our purposes we will use these:
Name: "my first API app"
client id: "3234myClientId5678"
Secret: "14321myClientSecret8765"
Remember that your credentials will be different. Now inside of OproAPIClient.h
replace “https://opro-demo.herokuapp.com/” with “https://localhost:3000/" and replace the oClientID and oClientSecret with your client and secret. If we were using our example values it would be:
#define oClientBaseURLString @"https://localhost:3000/"
#define oClientID @"3234myClientId5678"
#define oClientSecret @"14321myClientSecret8765"
Note: your ID and Secret will be different from these, if you try to use the credentials I have here, it won’t work because your local server is different.
Now that you’ve got your credentials in your iPhone App, re-build it by pressing “run” or hitting (cmd+r). If the app didn’t build check the output from xcode. If everything worked you should see the same screen, but clicking “Create a Random User button should not work. Take a look at your local rails server logs to verify that it is receiving requests from the iPhone simulator. You will receive errors in the log if you are using the “random button”.
Since we can’t create a random user, how will we log in? You’ll need to create a user in your database. If you’re using devise you can visit https://localhost:3000/users/sign_up and enter an email and password. Remember the email and password. If you can’t remember where the sign up form is you can always make a new user in the console:
$ rails console
> password = "password"
> email =<EMAIL_ADDRESS>> User.create(:email => email, :password => password, :password_confirmation => password)
> User.last.email == email # => true
Now you’ve got a user in your database with an email and password. Enter these into the email and password fields in Xcode. Once you’ve entered both fields you should see the “Log In” button become active. Pull up your rails server logs, and then click the “Log In” button on the iPhone simulator, your should see the request come in with the email you gave, and the password filtered out. If the request went well you should see a 200 status response from the server, and the iPhone simulator will show the user edit page.
If you’re using the demo App I provided, you can change any of those fields and hit enter. You should see the request along with the values you set hit your local server.
Note: the iPhone app expects JSON response from your Rails server under the /users
update action, so you might need to add a respond_to
block.
If you are running your own app and don’t have a “zip” or “twitter” field in your User table, you will get an error if you hit enter. If that is the case you can open EditUserViewController.m
and in the updateUser
method you will see that we are creating a dictionary (similar to a hash in Ruby) with “email”, “twitter”, and “zip” fields:
[mutableUserParameters setValue:userEmailField.text forKey:@"email"];
[mutableUserParameters setValue:userTwitterField.text forKey:@"twitter"];
[mutableUserParameters setValue:userZipField.text forKey:@"zip"];
If you don’t want to send the “twitter” and “zip” fields you can take these out so that it is only sending the “email” field:
[mutableUserParameters setValue:userEmailField.text forKey:@"email"];
Save and re-run the iPhone app, re-enter credentials and then try modifying the “email” address of your user. Change it to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>When you hit enter you should see the new email come in as a request to your server. When everything works will also be able to see this change in your database:
$ rails console
> User.where(:email =><EMAIL_ADDRESS>Congrats, you just made your first working API backed Rails app using OAuth! If you’re still having problems, remember to check your Rails log, and the iPhone simulator log. To log to rails you might use:
puts "something happened!!!!!!!!!!!!!"
But in objective-c you would use:
NSLog(@"something happened!!!!!!!!!!!!!")
We’re not quite done with the demo just yet. We might have authenticated you against your local app, but we don’t want to do this every time, let’s make sure the iPhone app remembers us when we power down the phone.
Getting an access token isn’t much good if we don’t remember it. We’re going to see how we store it on the iPhone and how we can use it to authenticate against later.
Go ahead and stop the iPhone simulator, and restart it by pressing run or hitting (cmd+r). When it comes back online you should notice that the “Log In” button is already active, try hitting it right now. What happens? You should see the update user screen with the same email we put in last time, but how did the app remember? Open up OproAPIClient.m
again and take a look at setAuthorizationWithToken
(trust me after awhile the method names don’t look so bad). You’ll see that we are storing the accessToken and the refreshToken:
[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:accessToken forKey:@"kaccessToken"];
[[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] setObject:refreshToken forKey:@"krefreshToken"];
Here we are telling our iPhone app to store these values to disk even after the app is killed, or restarted. Then later we can pull those values from disk when we initialize the API client as we do in the initWithBaseURL
method:
NSString *accessToken = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"kaccessToken"];
NSString *refreshToken = [[NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults] objectForKey:@"krefreshToken"];
[self setAuthorizationWithToken:accessToken refreshToken:refreshToken];
Now all we have left to do is write some logic in our controller to make the button available if the user authenticated previously. This is done in OproDemoViewController.m
// Make the log in button clickable if a user has previously authenticated
if ( [[OproAPIClient sharedClient] isAuthenticated]) {
[getAccessTokenButton setEnabled:YES];
[getAccessTokenButton setHighlighted:YES];
[getUserCredentialsButton setHighlighted:NO];
}
That’s all there is to it! Now you’ve got an app that can hit your Rails app and act as an authenticated user.
While this might be your first app, you shouldn’t stop here. You can rip out the OproAPIClient.h
and OproAPIClient.m
to put in your own custom app, or you could modify this one to meet your needs, this is only a starting point. Before we declare victory over our new found API client and Rails app, let’s deploy to production.
Now that we’ve got the client working, we’ll put our app on Heroku where anyone can hit the API without needing access to your localhost. If you don’t have an account you’ll need to sign up at Heroku.com. Once you’ve done that you can install the Heroku Toolbelt and then you can provision an app, in the same directory as your rails project run:
$ heroku login
$ heroku create
Creating smooth-rain-2686.. done, stack is cedar
https://smooth-rain-2686.heroku.com/ | git@heroku.com:smooth-rain-2686
Note: your url and app name will be different.
Once you’ve got your Heroku app provisioned, you’ll need to commit the files to git and to deploy. Run:
$ git add .
$ git commit -m "deploy to heroku"
$ git push heroku master
After a successful push, you should see your app compiling and several steps such as bundle install
and rake assets:precompile
being run. Once it’s done you’ll need to migrate your database:
$ heroku run rake db:migrate
Now you can hit your app and make sure it is working right, visit the url that was given to you earlier, such as https://smooth-rain-2686.heroku.com/. If you have any problems you can check the logs by running:
$ heroku logs --tail
Now that you’ve got your app running in the cloud, let’s add SSL. SSL will protect your app from people snooping on credentials, it will allow encrypted communication using HTTPS between our iPhone and Rails app. There is an SSL add-on you can add to your Heroku app. To provision this add-on you can go to the the add-on page or run this from the command line:
$ heroku addons:add ssl:endpoint
Once your app is safely running on Heroku you can point your iPhone app to your production server in OproAPIClient.h
and don’t forget to use https://
instead of simply https://
. You can create a new OAuth client app as we did before by visiting your website /oauth/new
, then you’ll want to add your id and secret to the OproAPIClient.h
as well and save a user to the postgres database on Heroku. To make sure you’re hitting the right url you can always check the server logs on Heroku:
$ heroku logs --tail
Once you’ve got your site running on Heroku and your iPhone client properly configured you can use your very own iPhone app on your very own production Rails app. Pretty cool, huh?
Today you turned your Rails app into an OAuth 2.0 powered API. You made your first native iPhone app and deployed it’s server to production. Not bad for an afternoon’s work. Now that you’ve got the basics you can learn more about how the authorization in the iPhone app works by visiting the oPRO iPhone App Docs. After that you should read about the configuration available visit the oPRO developer’s docs. If you run into any inaccuracies, or you just want to say hi or show of your oPRO powered app, you can always find me on twitter as @schneems. May the OAuth be with you.
Richard works for Heroku on the Ruby Team and teaches rails classes at the University of Texas. If you like APIs as much as he does, chat him up on the twitters @schneems. If you enjoyed this article you might also enjoy raise “hell”: Better Programming through Exceptions.


Parents of tragic boy, 18, who died suddenly thank devastated pals for stunning shrine tribute
The devastated parents of Morgan say they have been overwhelmed by the support they have received from the teenager's friends since he 'fell asleep' earlier this month
by James Rodger, Richard Ault, https://www.facebook.com/jamesrodgerjournalistThe friends of a tragic 18-year-old have been lauded by his parents after creating a shrine in his memory.
Morgan Symcox tragically died aged just 18 earlier this month.
The teen, from the Midlands, left friends and loved ones devastated, and now grief-stricken pals have created a stunning tribute.
The devastated parents of Morgan say they have been overwhelmed by the support they have received from the teenager's friends since he 'fell asleep' earlier this month.
They now make daily visits to the bench - on Wolstanton Marsh - where Morgan spent so much time with his friends, reports StokeonTrentLive .
It has been covered with dozens of bouquets of flowers, balloons, photographs and messages to Morgan who used to attend Alpha School, in Hanley. His friends have been keeping a vigil at the site.
Now the friends want to raise money for a plaque and a second bench - which Morgan always said he wanted so friends could sit opposite each other and chat.
Dad Damon Symcox, aged 42, of May Bank, said: "We go to the bench because that's where he was happiest. He loved his mates.
"Sometimes I'd say, 'can't you stay in tonight'. I didn't understand why he always wanted to go to the bench, but I understand it now.
"You realise that his mates care about him as much as we do.
"I have been to the bench every day, it feels closer to him.
"Whenever you go there's always someone there, it's amazing.
"When you read that someone has passed away in the paper, everyone says that they were the heart and soul, but Morgan really was.
"If you met Morgan for five minutes, then six-months later you would still remember him.
"You don't realise how popular someone is until you lose them."
Mum Liz, aged 42, said: "Morgan was a very popular lad,
"We are living in hell, but his friends lost him too and they have made that lovely bench.
"It has been their meeting point since they were about 13.
"They must have put about 40 or 50 bouquets of flowers, and 60 or 70 photographs.
"Morgan loved going out and socialising, everything was about his friends.
"His friends have done a memory box which they are going to bury. They want to pay for a plaque on the bench.
"When we go to the bench and see his friends and cry and give them a hug they hug you back.
"They will never know how much it means to us."
Morgan was found pronounced dead in the bedroom of the family's May Bank home on Saturday, November 2. The exact cause of his death is still not known.
Liz added: "He just fell asleep.
"Morgan was about to start an apprenticeship as a plumber.
"We are a really close family. Earlier this year we went on holiday for five days in Poland, then we went to Turkey for two weeks."
Morgan had two sisters - Keely, aged 23, and three-year-old Annie - who he doted on.
Keely said: "He loved documentaries and history. He knew everything worth knowing. He loved tanning and sun beds, he loved his food and designer clothes.
"He loved life, that's why it's so cruel and sad.
"He was my best friend. He was lovable and funny, he would make anyone laugh, and he was very loyal.
"All his friends say they are living in Morgan's world. Everything they do now, they say it's for Morgan's world. That's their way of coping.
"When we go to the bench and see his friends there's no awkwardness, it's like we are all together."
Morgan's girlfriend, Lily Mason, aged 17, of Chesterton, said: "He would have done anything for those close to him.
"He faced every single day with a smile on his face. He was so intelligent and funny.
"I will never meet a more generous and lovely person. He was so loved by everyone around him.
"He was one in a million."
Friend Dionne Dale, aged 18, of May Bank, said: "Anyone who knew Morg will know that he was the most positive, funny, wildest person to ever walk this Earth.
"He never let anything faze him and always found a bright side to every situation.
"His love for his family and friends was endless.
"His big and little sister were his world. He could not have loved his mum and dad more if he tried and he always looked after his friends as if they were family.
"Dying at such a young age was something he never deserved, and he loved the life he lived so much. He had so many plans for the future.
"The pain and heartache that this has caused for his closest loved-ones is indescribable and has been a huge shock to everyone who knew him.
"But, being the person he was, he would want us to wipe away our tears and celebrate his life."


Class: Aws::S3::Client
| Relationships & Source Files | |
| Super Chains via Extension / Inclusion / Inheritance | |
|
Class Chain:
self,
::Seahorse::Client::Base
|
|
|
Instance Chain:
|
|
| Inherits: |
Seahorse::Client::Base
|
| Defined in: | (unknown) |
Overview
An API client for Amazon Simple Storage Service. To construct a client, you need to configure a :region
and :credentials
.
s3 = Aws::S3::Client.new(
region: region_name,
credentials: credentials,
# ...
)
See #initialize
for a full list of supported configuration options.
Region
You can configure a default region in the following locations:
ENV['AWS_REGION']
Aws.config[:region]
Go here for a list of supported regions.
Credentials
Default credentials are loaded automatically from the following locations:
ENV['AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID']
andENV['AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY']
Aws.config[:credentials]
- The shared credentials ini file at
~/.aws/credentials
(more information) - From an instance profile when running on EC2
You can also construct a credentials object from one of the following classes:
- ::Aws::Credentials
- ::Aws::SharedCredentials
- ::Aws::InstanceProfileCredentials
- ::Aws::AssumeRoleCredentials
Alternatively, you configure credentials with :access_key_id
and
:secret_access_key
:
# load credentials from disk
creds = YAML.load(File.read('/path/to/secrets'))
Aws::S3::Client.new(
access_key_id: creds['access_key_id'],
secret_access_key: creds['secret_access_key']
)
Always load your credentials from outside your application. Avoid configuring credentials statically and never commit them to source control.
Class Method Summary
-
.new(options = {}) ⇒ Aws::S3::Client
constructor
Constructs an API client.
::Seahorse::Client::Base - Inherited
| .add_plugin | Registers a plugin with this client. |
| .api, .clear_plugins, .define, | |
| .extend | Alias for Seahorse::Client::Base.define. |
| .new | See additional method definition at line 18. |
| .plugins | Returns the list of registered plugins for this Client. |
| .remove_plugin, .set_api, .set_plugins |
Instance Attribute Summary
::Seahorse::Client::Base - Inherited
Instance Method Summary
-
#abort_multipart_upload(options = {}) ⇒ Types::AbortMultipartUploadOutput
Aborts a multipart upload.
. -
#complete_multipart_upload(options = {}) ⇒ Types::CompleteMultipartUploadOutput
Completes a multipart upload by assembling previously uploaded parts.
-
#copy_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::CopyObjectOutput
Creates a copy of an object that is already stored in Amazon S3.
-
#create_bucket(options = {}) ⇒ Types::CreateBucketOutput
Creates a new bucket.
-
#create_multipart_upload(options = {}) ⇒ Types::CreateMultipartUploadOutput
Initiates a multipart upload and returns an upload ID.
. -
#delete_bucket(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the bucket.
-
#delete_bucket_analytics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes an analytics configuration for the bucket (specified by the analytics configuration ID).
-
#delete_bucket_cors(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the cors configuration information set for the bucket.
-
#delete_bucket_inventory_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes an inventory configuration (identified by the inventory ID) from the bucket.
-
#delete_bucket_lifecycle(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the lifecycle configuration from the bucket.
-
#delete_bucket_metrics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes a metrics configuration (specified by the metrics configuration ID) from the bucket.
-
#delete_bucket_policy(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the policy from the bucket.
-
#delete_bucket_replication(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the replication configuration from the bucket.
-
#delete_bucket_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the tags from the bucket.
-
#delete_bucket_website(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
This operation removes the website configuration from the bucket.
-
#delete_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::DeleteObjectOutput
Removes the null version (if there is one) of an object and inserts a delete marker, which becomes the latest version of the object.
-
#delete_object_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::DeleteObjectTaggingOutput
Removes the tag-set from an existing object.
-
#delete_objects(options = {}) ⇒ Types::DeleteObjectsOutput
This operation enables you to delete multiple objects from a bucket using a single HTTP request.
-
#get_bucket_accelerate_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketAccelerateConfigurationOutput
Returns the accelerate configuration of a bucket.
-
#get_bucket_acl(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketAclOutput
Gets the access control policy for the bucket.
-
#get_bucket_analytics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketAnalyticsConfigurationOutput
Gets an analytics configuration for the bucket (specified by the analytics configuration ID).
-
#get_bucket_cors(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketCorsOutput
Returns the cors configuration for the bucket.
-
#get_bucket_inventory_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketInventoryConfigurationOutput
Returns an inventory configuration (identified by the inventory ID) from the bucket.
-
#get_bucket_lifecycle(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketLifecycleOutput
Deprecated, see the GetBucketLifecycleConfiguration operation.
-
#get_bucket_lifecycle_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketLifecycleConfigurationOutput
Returns the lifecycle configuration information set on the bucket.
-
#get_bucket_location(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketLocationOutput
Returns the region the bucket resides in.
-
#get_bucket_logging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketLoggingOutput
Returns the logging status of a bucket and the permissions users have to view and modify that status.
-
#get_bucket_metrics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketMetricsConfigurationOutput
Gets a metrics configuration (specified by the metrics configuration ID) from the bucket.
-
#get_bucket_notification(options = {}) ⇒ Types::NotificationConfigurationDeprecated
Deprecated, see the GetBucketNotificationConfiguration operation.
-
#get_bucket_notification_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::NotificationConfiguration
Returns the notification configuration of a bucket.
-
#get_bucket_policy(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketPolicyOutput
Returns the policy of a specified bucket.
-
#get_bucket_replication(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketReplicationOutput
Returns the replication configuration of a bucket.
-
#get_bucket_request_payment(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketRequestPaymentOutput
Returns the request payment configuration of a bucket.
-
#get_bucket_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketTaggingOutput
Returns the tag set associated with the bucket.
-
#get_bucket_versioning(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketVersioningOutput
Returns the versioning state of a bucket.
-
#get_bucket_website(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketWebsiteOutput
Returns the website configuration for a bucket.
-
#get_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetObjectOutput
Retrieves objects from Amazon S3.
-
#get_object_acl(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetObjectAclOutput
Returns the access control list (ACL) of an object.
-
#get_object_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetObjectTaggingOutput
Returns the tag-set of an object.
-
#get_object_torrent(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetObjectTorrentOutput
Return torrent files from a bucket.
-
#head_bucket(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
This operation is useful to determine if a bucket exists and you have permission to access it.
-
#head_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::HeadObjectOutput
The HEAD operation retrieves metadata from an object without returning the object itself.
-
#list_bucket_analytics_configurations(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListBucketAnalyticsConfigurationsOutput
Lists the analytics configurations for the bucket.
-
#list_bucket_inventory_configurations(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListBucketInventoryConfigurationsOutput
Returns a list of inventory configurations for the bucket.
-
#list_bucket_metrics_configurations(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListBucketMetricsConfigurationsOutput
Lists the metrics configurations for the bucket.
-
#list_buckets(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListBucketsOutput
Returns a list of all buckets owned by the authenticated sender of the request.
-
#list_multipart_uploads(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListMultipartUploadsOutput
This operation lists in-progress multipart uploads.
-
#list_object_versions(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListObjectVersionsOutput
Returns metadata about all of the versions of objects in a bucket.
-
#list_objects(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListObjectsOutput
Returns some or all (up to 1000) of the objects in a bucket.
-
#list_objects_v2(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListObjectsV2Output
Returns some or all (up to 1000) of the objects in a bucket.
-
#list_parts(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListPartsOutput
Lists the parts that have been uploaded for a specific multipart upload.
-
#put_bucket_accelerate_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the accelerate configuration of an existing bucket.
-
#put_bucket_acl(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the permissions on a bucket using access control lists (ACL).
-
#put_bucket_analytics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets an analytics configuration for the bucket (specified by the analytics configuration ID).
-
#put_bucket_cors(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the cors configuration for a bucket.
-
#put_bucket_inventory_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Adds an inventory configuration (identified by the inventory ID) from the bucket.
-
#put_bucket_lifecycle(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deprecated, see the PutBucketLifecycleConfiguration operation.
-
#put_bucket_lifecycle_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets lifecycle configuration for your bucket.
-
#put_bucket_logging(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Set the logging parameters for a bucket and to specify permissions for who can view and modify the logging parameters.
-
#put_bucket_metrics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets a metrics configuration (specified by the metrics configuration ID) for the bucket.
-
#put_bucket_notification(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deprecated, see the PutBucketNotificationConfiguraiton operation.
-
#put_bucket_notification_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Enables notifications of specified events for a bucket.
-
#put_bucket_policy(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Replaces a policy on a bucket.
-
#put_bucket_replication(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Creates a new replication configuration (or replaces an existing one, if present).
-
#put_bucket_request_payment(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the request payment configuration for a bucket.
-
#put_bucket_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the tags for a bucket.
-
#put_bucket_versioning(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the versioning state of an existing bucket.
-
#put_bucket_website(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Set the website configuration for a bucket.
-
#put_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::PutObjectOutput
Adds an object to a bucket.
-
#put_object_acl(options = {}) ⇒ Types::PutObjectAclOutput
uses the acl subresource to set the access control list (ACL) permissions for an object that already exists in a bucket.
-
#put_object_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::PutObjectTaggingOutput
Sets the supplied tag-set to an object that already exists in a bucket.
-
#restore_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::RestoreObjectOutput
Restores an archived copy of an object back into Amazon S3.
-
#upload_part(options = {}) ⇒ Types::UploadPartOutput
Uploads a part in a multipart upload.
. -
#upload_part_copy(options = {}) ⇒ Types::UploadPartCopyOutput
Uploads a part by copying data from an existing object as data source.
-
#wait_until(waiter_name, params = {}) {|waiter| ... } ⇒ Boolean
Waiters polls an API operation until a resource enters a desired state.
-
#waiter_names ⇒ Array<Symbol>
Returns the list of supported waiters.
::Seahorse::Client::Base - Inherited
| #build_request | Builds and returns a |
| #operation, #operation_names |
::Seahorse::Client::HandlerBuilder - Included
Constructor Details
.new(options = {}) ⇒ Aws::S3::Client
Constructs an API client.
Instance Method Details
#abort_multipart_upload(options = {}) ⇒ Types::AbortMultipartUploadOutput
Aborts a multipart upload.
To verify that all parts have been removed, so you don't get charged for the part storage, you should call the List Parts operation and ensure the parts list is empty.
#complete_multipart_upload(options = {}) ⇒ Types::CompleteMultipartUploadOutput
Completes a multipart upload by assembling previously uploaded parts.
#copy_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::CopyObjectOutput
Creates a copy of an object that is already stored in Amazon S3.
#create_bucket(options = {}) ⇒ Types::CreateBucketOutput
Creates a new bucket.
#create_multipart_upload(options = {}) ⇒ Types::CreateMultipartUploadOutput
Initiates a multipart upload and returns an upload ID.
Note: After you initiate multipart upload and upload one or more parts, you must either complete or abort multipart upload in order to stop getting charged for storage of the uploaded parts.  All objects (including all object versions and Delete Markers) in the bucket must be deleted before the bucket itself can be deleted.
#delete_bucket_analytics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes an analytics configuration for the bucket (specified by the analytics configuration ID).
#delete_bucket_cors(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the cors configuration information set for the bucket.
#delete_bucket_inventory_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes an inventory configuration (identified by the inventory ID) from the bucket.
#delete_bucket_lifecycle(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the lifecycle configuration from the bucket.
#delete_bucket_metrics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes a metrics configuration (specified by the metrics configuration ID) from the bucket.
#delete_bucket_policy(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the policy from the bucket.
#delete_bucket_replication(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the replication configuration from the bucket.
#delete_bucket_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deletes the tags from the bucket.
#delete_bucket_website(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
This operation removes the website configuration from the bucket.
#delete_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::DeleteObjectOutput
Removes the null version (if there is one) of an object and inserts a delete marker, which becomes the latest version of the object. If there isn't a null version, Amazon S3 does not remove any objects.
#delete_object_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::DeleteObjectTaggingOutput
Removes the tag-set from an existing object.
#delete_objects(options = {}) ⇒ Types::DeleteObjectsOutput
This operation enables you to delete multiple objects from a bucket using a single HTTP request. You may specify up to 1000 keys.
#get_bucket_accelerate_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketAccelerateConfigurationOutput
Returns the accelerate configuration of a bucket.
#get_bucket_acl(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketAclOutput
Gets the access control policy for the bucket.
#get_bucket_analytics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketAnalyticsConfigurationOutput
Gets an analytics configuration for the bucket (specified by the analytics configuration ID).
#get_bucket_cors(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketCorsOutput
Returns the cors configuration for the bucket.
#get_bucket_inventory_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketInventoryConfigurationOutput
Returns an inventory configuration (identified by the inventory ID) from the bucket.
#get_bucket_lifecycle(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketLifecycleOutput
Deprecated, see the GetBucketLifecycleConfiguration operation.
#get_bucket_lifecycle_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketLifecycleConfigurationOutput
Returns the lifecycle configuration information set on the bucket.
#get_bucket_location(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketLocationOutput
Returns the region the bucket resides in.
#get_bucket_logging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketLoggingOutput
Returns the logging status of a bucket and the permissions users have to view and modify that status. To use GET, you must be the bucket owner.
#get_bucket_metrics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketMetricsConfigurationOutput
Gets a metrics configuration (specified by the metrics configuration ID) from the bucket.
#get_bucket_notification(options = {}) ⇒ Types::NotificationConfigurationDeprecated
Deprecated, see the GetBucketNotificationConfiguration operation.
#get_bucket_notification_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Types::NotificationConfiguration
Returns the notification configuration of a bucket.
#get_bucket_policy(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketPolicyOutput
Returns the policy of a specified bucket.
#get_bucket_replication(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketReplicationOutput
Returns the replication configuration of a bucket.
#get_bucket_request_payment(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketRequestPaymentOutput
Returns the request payment configuration of a bucket.
#get_bucket_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketTaggingOutput
Returns the tag set associated with the bucket.
#get_bucket_versioning(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketVersioningOutput
Returns the versioning state of a bucket.
#get_bucket_website(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetBucketWebsiteOutput
Returns the website configuration for a bucket.
#get_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetObjectOutput
Retrieves objects from Amazon S3.
#get_object_acl(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetObjectAclOutput
Returns the access control list (ACL) of an object.
#get_object_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetObjectTaggingOutput
Returns the tag-set of an object.
#get_object_torrent(options = {}) ⇒ Types::GetObjectTorrentOutput
Return torrent files from a bucket.
#head_bucket(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
This operation is useful to determine if a bucket exists and you have permission to access it.
#head_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::HeadObjectOutput
The HEAD operation retrieves metadata from an object without returning the object itself. This operation is useful if you're only interested in an object's metadata. To use HEAD, you must have READ access to the object.
#list_bucket_analytics_configurations(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListBucketAnalyticsConfigurationsOutput
Lists the analytics configurations for the bucket.
#list_bucket_inventory_configurations(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListBucketInventoryConfigurationsOutput
Returns a list of inventory configurations for the bucket.
#list_bucket_metrics_configurations(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListBucketMetricsConfigurationsOutput
Lists the metrics configurations for the bucket.
#list_buckets(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListBucketsOutput
Returns a list of all buckets owned by the authenticated sender of the request.
#list_multipart_uploads(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListMultipartUploadsOutput
This operation lists in-progress multipart uploads.
#list_object_versions(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListObjectVersionsOutput
Returns metadata about all of the versions of objects in a bucket.
#list_objects(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListObjectsOutput
Returns some or all (up to 1000) of the objects in a bucket. You can use the request parameters as selection criteria to return a subset of the objects in a bucket.
#list_objects_v2(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListObjectsV2Output
Returns some or all (up to 1000) of the objects in a bucket. You can use the request parameters as selection criteria to return a subset of the objects in a bucket. Note: ListObjectsV2 is the revised List Objects API and we recommend you use this revised API for new application development.
#list_parts(options = {}) ⇒ Types::ListPartsOutput
Lists the parts that have been uploaded for a specific multipart upload.
#put_bucket_accelerate_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the accelerate configuration of an existing bucket.
#put_bucket_acl(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the permissions on a bucket using access control lists (ACL).
#put_bucket_analytics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets an analytics configuration for the bucket (specified by the analytics configuration ID).
#put_bucket_cors(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the cors configuration for a bucket.
#put_bucket_inventory_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Adds an inventory configuration (identified by the inventory ID) from the bucket.
#put_bucket_lifecycle(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deprecated, see the PutBucketLifecycleConfiguration operation.
#put_bucket_lifecycle_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets lifecycle configuration for your bucket. If a lifecycle configuration exists, it replaces it.
#put_bucket_logging(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Set the logging parameters for a bucket and to specify permissions for who can view and modify the logging parameters. To set the logging status of a bucket, you must be the bucket owner.
#put_bucket_metrics_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets a metrics configuration (specified by the metrics configuration ID) for the bucket.
#put_bucket_notification(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Deprecated, see the PutBucketNotificationConfiguraiton operation.
#put_bucket_notification_configuration(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Enables notifications of specified events for a bucket.
#put_bucket_policy(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Replaces a policy on a bucket. If the bucket already has a policy, the one in this request completely replaces it.
#put_bucket_replication(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Creates a new replication configuration (or replaces an existing one, if present).
#put_bucket_request_payment(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the request payment configuration for a bucket. By default, the bucket owner pays for downloads from the bucket. This configuration parameter enables the bucket owner (only) to specify that the person requesting the download will be charged for the download. Documentation on requester pays buckets can be found at http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AmazonS3/latest/dev/RequesterPaysBuckets.html
#put_bucket_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the tags for a bucket.
#put_bucket_versioning(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Sets the versioning state of an existing bucket. To set the versioning state, you must be the bucket owner.
#put_bucket_website(options = {}) ⇒ Struct
Set the website configuration for a bucket.
#put_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::PutObjectOutput
Adds an object to a bucket.
#put_object_acl(options = {}) ⇒ Types::PutObjectAclOutput
uses the acl subresource to set the access control list (ACL) permissions for an object that already exists in a bucket
#put_object_tagging(options = {}) ⇒ Types::PutObjectTaggingOutput
Sets the supplied tag-set to an object that already exists in a bucket
#restore_object(options = {}) ⇒ Types::RestoreObjectOutput
Restores an archived copy of an object back into Amazon S3
#upload_part(options = {}) ⇒ Types::UploadPartOutput
Uploads a part in a multipart upload.
Note: After you initiate multipart upload and upload one or more parts, you must either complete or abort multipart upload in order to stop getting charged for storage of the uploaded parts.
Basic Usage
Waiters will poll until they are succesful, they fail by entering a terminal state, or until a maximum number of attempts are made.
# polls in a loop, sleeping between attempts client.waiter_until(waiter_name, params)
Configuration
You can configure the maximum number of polling attempts, and the
delay (in seconds) between each polling attempt. You configure
waiters by passing a block to #wait_until
:
# poll for ~25 seconds
client.wait_until(...) do |w|
w.max_attempts = 5
w.delay = 5
end
Callbacks
You can be notified before each polling attempt and before each
delay. If you throw :success
or :failure
from these callbacks,
it will terminate the waiter.
started_at = Time.now
client.wait_until(...) do |w|
# disable max attempts
w.max_attempts = nil
# poll for 1 hour, instead of a number of attempts
w.before_wait do |attempts, response|
throw :failure if Time.now - started_at > 3600
end
end
Handling Errors
When a waiter is successful, it returns true
. When a waiter
fails, it raises an error. All errors raised extend from
::Aws::Waiters::Errors::WaiterFailed.
begin
client.wait_until(...)
rescue Aws::Waiters::Errors::WaiterFailed
# resource did not enter the desired state in time
end
#waiter_names ⇒ Array
<Symbol
>
Returns the list of supported waiters. The following table lists the supported waiters and the client method they call:
| Waiter Name | Client Method | Default Delay: | Default Max Attempts: |
|---|---|---|---|
| :bucket_exists | #head_bucket | 5 | 20 |
| :bucket_not_exists | #head_bucket | 5 | 20 |
| :object_exists | #head_object | 5 | 20 |
| :object_not_exists | #head_object | 5 | 20 |


This stuff is pretty amazing
The requirement of pairing at DBC has definitely opened my eyes to the power of working as a team. I find that overall I benefit from the stimulation of thought my partner provides. My first thoughts on solving a problem can be sculpted and influenced by the thoughts of my pair. Overall this helps me solve problems more quickly and many times more efficiently. There have many times where I would go down a totally unnecessary route to solve the problem and my pair sees this immediately.
Sometimes the frustration in pairing comes from a pair not being on the same page or prioritizing some interpretation of the problem statement. This can lead to a pair splitting in two different directions. I've seen this happen when we were both unsure of what the problem is asking and therefore are uncertain of what to implement. If there is no decision made on what direction to proceed and there is still disagreement, then both pairs will not be confident in each others' approach to solving and the problem and want to focus on their own methods.
I love the partnership and team work involved with pair programming. If my pair has benefited from my knowledge I am extremely happy I could help them. I have definitely benefited from the knowledge my pair has had about solving the problem. Particularly rewarding times came when I was able to teach my pair how to solve problems when there were times of frustration. I enjoyed breaking down the problem together and helping my pair realize that the problem was not so confusing or complicated as it seems.
Many times when I read feedback I find myself looking at my faults and feeling bad about myself. I realize that this is not the purpose of feedback. I should take the feedback and analyze whether it is valid and actionable and then take steps to improve myself.
The feedback I have received is to pseudocode more. I think this action can only help me. I have also received feedback to stretch myself even when the problem seems to easy. Striving to learn more when not challenged really stuck with me, although I'm having a hard time taking initiative and going beyond the problem statements.
Writing feedback has been a great experience. I feel that the feedback should really help my peer and not be too harsh. Harsh feelings probably tend to make the peer dismiss the feedback as being insulting.
I really believe pairing and feedback to change yourself ties into Growth Mindset and learning from others really well. I love the team spirit and the process feeds into itself. As I try to improve myself, I learn more from others, receive feedback, and then I can teach others better.


!Iason Heine:
Well, I can't help with the Emperor's Key, but the Witness of Dawn... hmm.
The Lords of Dawn have long used that term for their first--their leader. The Leader, the Prima, is the first to welcome the rising sun on their special occasions, where he witnesses the passing of night into day.
The current Witness of Dawn is a man named Franz, but he doesn't often meet others. I suggest you go first to the Temple of Einhasad in Aden Town and meet with Priest Wood. He should be able to set a meeting up between the two of you.


Beef, Chicken & Pork RecipesTonkatsu & KorrokeTonkatsu came from Portugal, and is considered a western dish in Japan. Ton means pork, and katsu is a Japanese pronunciation of the word cutlet. It is now widely loved, especially among young people who can tolerate fried food. Since tonkatsu and korroke (croquettes) are as easy to make in large quantities as small, it is reserved for family parties and get-togethers at our house. My sisters and I talk while we bread the cutlets and korroke, and then serve them piping hot as they are fried.RECIPE SukiyakiDuring my childhood, we used to have sukiyaki at least once a month. We had an electric tabletop cooker that we used in lieu of a gas range. It worked wonderfully, and we loved this hearty meat, tofu and vegetable dish. Nowadays, as we hardly ever eat meat, we never have this at home. However, when we visit people in Japan, they immediately assume my husband likes meat, and so we inevitably are treated to sukiyaki or shabu shabu. Sukiyaki is very easy to make at home, even if you don’t have a tabletop range or skillet. You can use any sturdy and attractive wide skillet, cook it and then bring the whole to the table, placing it on a hot pad or wooden board. Since the Japanese way of cooking includes a little meat and a lot of vegetables, it is also a healthy way to satisfy your meat cravings.RECIPE Chicken Kara-age (Japanese fried chicken)We eat fried chicken in small doses as an accompaniment to cocktails and cold beer; never as a main course. This classic recipe that yields flavorful and crispy bite-sized nuggets is used by many households throughout Japan. The key ingredients that differentiate this from Western fried chicken is the soy sauce and garlic marinade. While it is most delicious served piping-hot and crispy, is it also tasty at room temperature and is a popular component for lunch when placed in bento boxes. Try it with hot Japanese mustard, shichimi togarashi, sansho pepper or even Vietnamese sweet chili sauce.RECIPE |
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Xoces.js is an open-source (MIT license) JavaScript library.
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