Do your part
Everyday tips to help the environment
1. Improve Your Home’s Energy Efficiency
There are many things you can do to help your house become more energy efficient. From installing weatherstripping and window coverings to help maintain the internal temperature to upgrading to energy-efficient appliances, there are large and small ways to save energy.
2. Buy Local
The current food production system places an enormous strain on the environment. Shipping food all over the world requires immense quantities of fuel, not to mention the additional pollution and carbon emissions. You can help combat this by choosing locally-grown food as much as possible. Farmer’s markets, CSAs and co-ops are all great resources for local food.
3. Compost
Choosing to compost waste instead of throwing it away offers many benefits. You can cut down on your home’s waste and landfill contributions. Compost also provides great fertilizer for a home garden. Creating a compost system is a much more natural and eco-friendly way to dispose of waste.
4. Conserve Water
This may seem obvious, but there are still many people who unconsciously waste gallons of water every day. It can be lots of small daily things that add up over time: running the water while brushing your teeth, over-watering your lawn or not fixing a leaky faucet. Making the effort to conserve water greatly helps the environment and also keeps your monthly water bill low.
5. Choose Eco-Friendly Producers
Consider how much power you have as a consumer. The more people choose to reward environmentally responsible companies with business and revenue, the more other companies will be encouraged to make eco-friendly choices. Supporting responsible companies also regulates supply and demand to make eco-friendly products more affordable.
6. Drive Less
Fossil fuels greatly impact the environment and contribute to pollution and global warming. You can help the environment by driving less, and using more eco-friendly modes of transportation instead. Riding a bike or walking are excellent choices, and provide the extra bonus of helping you stay in shape. You can also choose public transportation. If your lifestyle requires lots of driving time, consider investing in a hybrid or electric car.
7. Learn from the Experts
A great way to learn about environmentally-friendly companies and what you can do to support them is to conduct research and listen to experts in the industry. They help companies create sustainable and affordable agriculture products and provide valuable information related to the environment and environmental responsibility.
8. Recycle, Reuse, Repurpose
Any time you can reuse or recycle an item instead of throwing it away it’s a small victory for the environment. Recycling is easier than ever with drop-off centers in most towns or the option to have your recycling picked up with your weekly trash service. There are countless ideas on the internet for ways to repurpose or reuse things. When you are ready to throw something in the trash, take a second first to think about if it can be recycled or reused. You may be surprised at how much you can reduce your household’s waste simply by taking a minute to consider other options.
These are just a few tips on how you can positively support our environment, there are countless more options; but simply incorporating these actions in your everyday life could make a huge impact.


Developed Scran, an extensive Android app which allows users to choose suggested restaurants based on their taste, location, and previous ratings and comments on dishes or restaurants.
Create a dynmaic Android app linked to a maintained database, which is updated everytime a restaurant or a user adds new data by writing a comment, review or a dish.
Designed, implemented and populated database on University server, and linked it to the front- end’s JavaScript via PHP, mySQL queries, jQuery and AJAX, as shown below.
Final product included 30 different views with around 300 lines of code each.


--- layout: page title: Scratch Surprise Counter description: How many times was the Scratch surprise licked clicked? ---
How many times was the Scratch surprise licked clicked?
... total clicks.
About ... clicks per minute.


Quick Sort
Task
- Write a function
quickSort
(https://btholt.github.io/four-semesters-of-cs/)
-
Quicksort should grab a pivot from the end and then separate the list (not including the pivot)
into two lists, smaller than the pivot and larger than the pivot.
-
Call quickSort on both of those lists independently.
-
Once those two lists come back sorted, concatenate the "left" (or smaller numbers) list, the pivot, and the
"right" (or larger numbers) list and return that. The base case is when quickSort is called on a list with
length less-than-or-equal-to 1. In the base case, just return the array given.
Notes
-
Choose a pivot element from the end of the list to sort
-
Separate the list (excluding the pivot) into 2 lists
-
O(n log n) but takes up less memory than mergesort.
-
Though it performs poorly if an already sorted list is passed.
[4,9,3,5]
p = 5
l = [4,3]
r = [9]
> call quicksort on both lists
=============
[4,3]
p = 3
l = []
r = [4]
=============
[4]
p = 4
l = []
r = []
> return [4] as it has a length of 1
> concat([],3,[4] ==> [3,4]
=============
[9]
p = 9
l = []
r = []
> returns [9] because it has the length 1
> concat([],[9]) ==> [9]
=============
> concat([3,4],5,[9]) ==> [3,4,5,9]


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Package com.google.api
Interface AuthProviderOrBuilder
- All Superinterfaces:
com.google.protobuf.MessageLiteOrBuilder
,com.google.protobuf.MessageOrBuilder
- All Known Implementing Classes:
AuthProvider
,AuthProvider.Builder
public interface AuthProviderOrBuilder
extends com.google.protobuf.MessageOrBuilder
-
Method Summary
Modifier and TypeMethodDescriptionThe list of JWT [audiences](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-json-web-token-32#section-4.1.3).com.google.protobuf.ByteString
The list of JWT [audiences](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-json-web-token-32#section-4.1.3).Redirect URL if JWT token is required but not present or is expired.com.google.protobuf.ByteString
Redirect URL if JWT token is required but not present or is expired.getId()
The unique identifier of the auth provider.com.google.protobuf.ByteString
The unique identifier of the auth provider.Identifies the principal that issued the JWT.com.google.protobuf.ByteString
Identifies the principal that issued the JWT.URL of the provider's public key set to validate signature of the JWT.com.google.protobuf.ByteString
URL of the provider's public key set to validate signature of the JWT.getJwtLocations
(int index) Defines the locations to extract the JWT.int
Defines the locations to extract the JWT.Defines the locations to extract the JWT.getJwtLocationsOrBuilder
(int index) Defines the locations to extract the JWT.List<? extends JwtLocationOrBuilder>
Defines the locations to extract the JWT.Methods inherited from interface com.google.protobuf.MessageLiteOrBuilder
isInitialized
Methods inherited from interface com.google.protobuf.MessageOrBuilder
findInitializationErrors, getAllFields, getDefaultInstanceForType, getDescriptorForType, getField, getInitializationErrorString, getOneofFieldDescriptor, getRepeatedField, getRepeatedFieldCount, getUnknownFields, hasField, hasOneof
-
Method Details
-
getId
String getId()The unique identifier of the auth provider. It will be referred to by `AuthRequirement.provider_id`. Example: "bookstore_auth".
string id = 1;
- Returns:
- The id.
-
getIdBytes
com.google.protobuf.ByteString getIdBytes()The unique identifier of the auth provider. It will be referred to by `AuthRequirement.provider_id`. Example: "bookstore_auth".
string id = 1;
- Returns:
- The bytes for id.
-
getIssuer
String getIssuer()Identifies the principal that issued the JWT. See https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-json-web-token-32#section-4.1.1 Usually a URL or an email address. Example: https://securetoken.google.com Example<EMAIL_ADDRESS>string issuer = 2;
- Returns:
- The issuer.
-
getIssuerBytes
com.google.protobuf.ByteString getIssuerBytes()Identifies the principal that issued the JWT. See https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-json-web-token-32#section-4.1.1 Usually a URL or an email address. Example: https://securetoken.google.com Example<EMAIL_ADDRESS>string issuer = 2;
- Returns:
- The bytes for issuer.
-
getJwksUri
String getJwksUri()URL of the provider's public key set to validate signature of the JWT. See [OpenID Discovery](https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html#ProviderMetadata). Optional if the key set document: - can be retrieved from [OpenID Discovery](https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html) of the issuer. - can be inferred from the email domain of the issuer (e.g. a Google service account). Example: https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/certs
string jwks_uri = 3;
- Returns:
- The jwksUri.
-
getJwksUriBytes
com.google.protobuf.ByteString getJwksUriBytes()URL of the provider's public key set to validate signature of the JWT. See [OpenID Discovery](https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html#ProviderMetadata). Optional if the key set document: - can be retrieved from [OpenID Discovery](https://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-discovery-1_0.html) of the issuer. - can be inferred from the email domain of the issuer (e.g. a Google service account). Example: https://www.googleapis.com/oauth2/v1/certs
string jwks_uri = 3;
- Returns:
- The bytes for jwksUri.
-
getAudiences
String getAudiences()The list of JWT [audiences](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-json-web-token-32#section-4.1.3). that are allowed to access. A JWT containing any of these audiences will be accepted. When this setting is absent, JWTs with audiences: - "https://[service.name]/[google.protobuf.Api.name]" - "https://[service.name]/" will be accepted. For example, if no audiences are in the setting, LibraryService API will accept JWTs with the following audiences: - https://library-example.googleapis.com/google.example.library.v1.LibraryService - https://library-example.googleapis.com/ Example: audiences: bookstore_android.apps.googleusercontent.com, bookstore_web.apps.googleusercontent.com
string audiences = 4;
- Returns:
- The audiences.
-
getAudiencesBytes
com.google.protobuf.ByteString getAudiencesBytes()The list of JWT [audiences](https://tools.ietf.org/html/draft-ietf-oauth-json-web-token-32#section-4.1.3). that are allowed to access. A JWT containing any of these audiences will be accepted. When this setting is absent, JWTs with audiences: - "https://[service.name]/[google.protobuf.Api.name]" - "https://[service.name]/" will be accepted. For example, if no audiences are in the setting, LibraryService API will accept JWTs with the following audiences: - https://library-example.googleapis.com/google.example.library.v1.LibraryService - https://library-example.googleapis.com/ Example: audiences: bookstore_android.apps.googleusercontent.com, bookstore_web.apps.googleusercontent.com
string audiences = 4;
- Returns:
- The bytes for audiences.
-
getAuthorizationUrl
String getAuthorizationUrl()Redirect URL if JWT token is required but not present or is expired. Implement authorizationUrl of securityDefinitions in OpenAPI spec.
string authorization_url = 5;
- Returns:
- The authorizationUrl.
-
getAuthorizationUrlBytes
com.google.protobuf.ByteString getAuthorizationUrlBytes()Redirect URL if JWT token is required but not present or is expired. Implement authorizationUrl of securityDefinitions in OpenAPI spec.
string authorization_url = 5;
- Returns:
- The bytes for authorizationUrl.
-
getJwtLocationsList
List<JwtLocation> getJwtLocationsList()Defines the locations to extract the JWT. JWT locations can be either from HTTP headers or URL query parameters. The rule is that the first match wins. The checking order is: checking all headers first, then URL query parameters. If not specified, default to use following 3 locations: 1) Authorization: Bearer 2) x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion 3) access_token query parameter Default locations can be specified as followings: jwt_locations: - header: Authorization value_prefix: "Bearer " - header: x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion - query: access_token
repeated .google.api.JwtLocation jwt_locations = 6;
-
getJwtLocations
Defines the locations to extract the JWT. JWT locations can be either from HTTP headers or URL query parameters. The rule is that the first match wins. The checking order is: checking all headers first, then URL query parameters. If not specified, default to use following 3 locations: 1) Authorization: Bearer 2) x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion 3) access_token query parameter Default locations can be specified as followings: jwt_locations: - header: Authorization value_prefix: "Bearer " - header: x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion - query: access_token
repeated .google.api.JwtLocation jwt_locations = 6;
-
getJwtLocationsCount
int getJwtLocationsCount()Defines the locations to extract the JWT. JWT locations can be either from HTTP headers or URL query parameters. The rule is that the first match wins. The checking order is: checking all headers first, then URL query parameters. If not specified, default to use following 3 locations: 1) Authorization: Bearer 2) x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion 3) access_token query parameter Default locations can be specified as followings: jwt_locations: - header: Authorization value_prefix: "Bearer " - header: x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion - query: access_token
repeated .google.api.JwtLocation jwt_locations = 6;
-
getJwtLocationsOrBuilderList
List<? extends JwtLocationOrBuilder> getJwtLocationsOrBuilderList()Defines the locations to extract the JWT. JWT locations can be either from HTTP headers or URL query parameters. The rule is that the first match wins. The checking order is: checking all headers first, then URL query parameters. If not specified, default to use following 3 locations: 1) Authorization: Bearer 2) x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion 3) access_token query parameter Default locations can be specified as followings: jwt_locations: - header: Authorization value_prefix: "Bearer " - header: x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion - query: access_token
repeated .google.api.JwtLocation jwt_locations = 6;
-
getJwtLocationsOrBuilder
Defines the locations to extract the JWT. JWT locations can be either from HTTP headers or URL query parameters. The rule is that the first match wins. The checking order is: checking all headers first, then URL query parameters. If not specified, default to use following 3 locations: 1) Authorization: Bearer 2) x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion 3) access_token query parameter Default locations can be specified as followings: jwt_locations: - header: Authorization value_prefix: "Bearer " - header: x-goog-iap-jwt-assertion - query: access_token
repeated .google.api.JwtLocation jwt_locations = 6;
-


themIdeas
- Countown to Christmas with lights Votes: 0
- Codepen/gitHub links page for all completed projects Votes: 0
- Content Card i.e. bootstrap card deck thing Votes: 0
- webpage background with at least two sections using some SVG pieces Votes: 0
- Recreate Cups' front page Votes: 0
- Christmas gift list by person for updates throughout year Votes: 0
- Basic, simple coffee ordering kiosk Votes: 0
- Runner's warehouse shoe price watcher Votes: 0
- Online Calendar with text/email reminders Votes: 0
- Create a splash page css template that looks good Votes: 0
- Cannon/firecracker animation of some sort Votes: 0
- Daily Checklist of all uploaded, updated and published items for this project Votes: 0
- JS Card deck generator Votes: 0
- Donate Button with depressive animation of some sort Votes: 0
- Random coffee roaster coffee picker Votes: 0
- Online ordering app for Cups coffee orders Votes: 0
- Lego project picker (random generator from database somewhere?) Votes: 0
- Online budget app Votes: 0
- Podcast streaming radio (like freeCodeCamp radio) Votes: 0
- Floor plan optimizer for smallish houses (not sure what this means lol) Votes: 0
- Coffee recipe generator for aeropress & maybe other methods too Votes: 0
- Coffee recipe tribute page for most common brew types Votes: 0
- Seasonal drink page for Cups Votes: 0
- Calender of cups coffee, drink and retail release dates Votes: 0
- Spiritual thoughts for the day generator-pull from AA thought for the day & Christian verse of the day etc Votes: 0
- ultraRace timer Votes: 0
- what shape is this? generate shapes; have buttons to click and check if correct Votes: 0
- war card game Votes: 0
- Random div size abstract color generator Votes: 0
- Sentence font changer Votes: 0
- Random color tri-pallet generator Votes: 0
- Coffee varietal display with pop up on click info Votes: 0
- 2020 running event calender Votes: 0
- Reminder to signup for next year's events for previous ultra participants. Why isn't this implemented already on ultrasignup? Votes: 0
- Big grid of squares(25x25? or user input generated?) that changes color on click Votes: 0
- Price watch an item Votes: 0
- Animated play button Votes: 0
- From scratch without bootstrap, a new podcast network front page Votes: 0
- Quick and easy home/car or other amortization schedule generator Votes: 0


I'm trying to install the EMONPI version of EMONHUB on a new copy of Jessie, and it won't start.
The command I used to install was
git clone https://github.com/openenergymonitor/emonhub.git && emonhub/install
followed by
sudo service emonhub start
entering sudo systemctl status emonhub gives
* emonhub.service - LSB: Start/stop emonHub
Loaded: loaded (/etc/init.d/emonhub)
Active: active (exited) since Mon 2016-02-01 16:48:17 NZDT; 17s ago
Process: 3464 ExecStart=/etc/init.d/emonhub start (code=exited, status=0/SUCCESS)
Feb 01 16:48:16 kdf-jessie sudo[3495]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session opened for user root by (uid=0)
Feb 01 16:48:16 kdf-jessie sudo[3495]: pam_unix(sudo:session): session closed for user root
Feb 01 16:48:17 kdf-jessie emonhub[3464]: Starting OpenEnergyMonitor emonHub: emonhub has been started ok.
Feb 01 16:48:17 kdf-jessie systemd[1]: Started LSB: Start/stop emonHub.
Feb 01 16:48:17 kdf-jessie emonhub[3464]: Traceback (most recent call last):
Feb 01 16:48:17 kdf-jessie emonhub[3464]: File "/usr/share/emonhub/emonhub.py", line 20, in <module>
Feb 01 16:48:17 kdf-jessie emonhub[3464]: import emonhub_setup as ehs
Feb 01 16:48:17 kdf-jessie emonhub[3464]: File "/home/pi/emonhub/src/emonhub_setup.py", line 12, in <module>
Feb 01 16:48:17 kdf-jessie emonhub[3464]: from configobj import ConfigObj
Feb 01 16:48:17 kdf-jessie emonhub[3464]: ImportError: No module named configobj
Looking at /home/pi/data reveals a perfectly readable emonhub.conf which presumably is what “configobj” is?
/var/log/emonhub/emonhub.log is empty
Mosquitto is working and passing data from other sources and there were no errors displayed when I carried out the install in read write mode. Reading the install script it seems all the symbolic links are in place.
Re: New Emonhub install won't start
It would be helpful if you told us which version of emoncms you've installed and which install guide you used.
Are you using a Raspberry Pi or a emonpi?
Paul
Re: New Emonhub install won't start
Apologies,
Pi Model B, following the guide at https://github.com/openenergymonitor/emonpi/blob/master/docs/SD-card-build.md
Everything has gone OK until step "Install OpenEnergyMonitor (emon-pi) emonHub variant:" which seems to install OK but emonhub won't start.
Essentially I'm trying to make an EMONPI Image to run on a standard Pi without the LCD Service that seems to hold one of my GPIO Pins. I need this PIN for Openhab GPIO use. My version of Openhab uses MQTT extensively to pass data backwards and forwards to EMONCMS which is why I don't want to change to the ordinary version.
Re: New Emonhub install won't start
ConfigObj is a Python package used for managing the emonhub configuration, it is aa essential dependency. As is Py-serial, used to provide the serial port communications. Use the following line to add the dependencies via the debian package manager
sudo apt-get install -y python-serial python-configobj
Paul
Re: New Emonhub install won't start
Thanks very much, that fixed it!


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Representer Theorem
In the previous post, we talked about Mercer’s theorem and defined a mercer kernel as $\int f(x) f(y) k(x,y) dx dy \geq 0$ for any function $f$. We call a matrix $M$ positive semi-definite if $f^TMf\geq 0$ for any $f\in \mathbb{R}^n$. Then eigenvalues must be non-negative or:
$$ \lambda_1 \geq \lambda_2 \geq .. \geq \lambda_n \geq 0 $$
Reminder: Eigenvectors and eigenfunctions
The eigenvector of a matrix $M$ is obtained by: $$ Mv_j = \lambda v_j $$
Similarly, we can define eigenfunction when $M$ is limited in function space:
$$ Kf = \lambda_j f $$
Where by definition:
$$ (Kf)(x)= \int K(x,y) f_j(y)dy $$
Let’s suppose that $K$ has this magical property:
$$ \int K(x-y) f(y) dy $$
Then there is a name for this integral: convolution
. We are taking a kernel and then convolving that kernel concerning function $f$.
Hilbert Space
We define Hilbert’s space of functions and then determine the inner product and norm in that space of functions. $$ { \sum \alpha_j K(x_j,.) =f(.) } $$
Reminder
In kernel density estimation, we define kernels centered at data points $x_i$: $1/hK(\frac{x_i-.}{h})$. But, in Hilbert space, there are no data points yet (i.e., $x_i$), and we instead have parameter $x_j$. Furthermore, those $\alpha_j$ are arbitrary and could be either positive or negative. On the other hand, in kernel density estimation, those $\alpha_j$ are uniformly distributed like $1/n$.
Now let’s define norms and inter products in this space:
$$ ||f||_K = <f,f>_K $$
Let’s define functions:
$$ \begin{aligned} f(.) = \sum_j \alpha_j K(x_j,.) \\ g(.) = \sum_i \beta_i K(x_i,.) \end{aligned} $$
Then inner product is defined: $$ <f,g> = \sum_{i,j} \alpha_j \beta_i K(x_j,y_i) $$
Then we can define the norm:
$$ ||f||_K^2 = \sum \alpha_i \alpha_j K(x_i,x_j) $$
(note: the dimension of this space is infinite).
Is $<f,g>$ well defined?
If we define the same function in two different ways, we will have a problem. If we have another representation for $f$ and another one for $g$, does the inteproduct change? If it does, we will have a problem.
$$ \sum_{i,j} \alpha_j \beta_i K(x_j,x_i) $$
Remember that kernel space has the reproducing property:
$$ <K(x_i,.),f> = f(x) $$
Then:
$$ \begin{aligned} & \sum_{i,j} \alpha_j \beta_i <K(x_j,.),K(x_i,.)> \\ &= \sum_j \beta_j <K(x_i,.),\sum_i \beta_i K(y_i,.)>_K \\ &= \sum_j \beta_j <K(x_j,.),g(.)>_K \\ &= \sum_j \beta_j g(x_j) \end{aligned} $$
which doesn’t depend on $\beta_i$ and $y_i$. Then it doesn’t depend on how I represent $g$. Then this is well defined. This property does a lot of stuff work with the Mercer kernel. In kernel trick, you can take an algorithm and then Kernelize it.
Representer Theorem: Makes regression over RKHS works
What presenter theorem says the following is infinite dimensional regression:
$$ \begin{aligned} \hat{f}=\arg \min ||y-f(x)||^2+\lambda||f||_K^2 \\ \end{aligned} $$
This is basically minimizing $\sum (y_i-f(x_i))^2$ over training data. Then representer theorem also says that the following is a finite dimensional optimization:
$$ \hat{f} = \sum_i^{n} \alpha_i K(x_i,.) \quad \text{for some } \alpha_i \in \mathbb{R}^n $$
By solving this:
$$ \hat{\alpha} = \arg \min_{\alpha in \mathbb{R}^n} || Y -K \alpha ||^2 + \alpha^TK\alpha $$
where $K =[K(x_i,x_j)]_{n\times n} $
Why is this true?
Let’s define:
$$ V = \text{span } \Big(K(x_1,.), K(x_2,.), ..,K(x_n,.)\Big) $$
Let’s define reproducing kernel Hilbert space:
$$ \mathcal{H}_K = V \oplus V^{\perp} $$
is infinite dimmensional. $ V^{\perp}$ is the set of functions that are orthogonal to each one of $K(x_1,.), K(x_2,.), .., K(x_n,.)$.
$$ \begin{aligned} f \in \mathcal{H} : f = & v+g \\ & v \in V \\ & g \in V^{\perp} \end{aligned} $$
Then we can write:
$$ \begin{aligned} f(x_i) = & <K(x_i,.),f> \\ = & <K(x_i,.),v+g> \\ = & <K(x_i,.),v> + <K(x_i,.),g> \end{aligned} $$
By definition, $g$ is perpendicular to all of these functions. Then:
$$ <K(x_i,.),g>=0 $$
Remark: When I take a datapoint $x_i$ and evaluate it on $f$, it doesn’t depend on what is on orthogonal complement $g$.
Now let’s do the same thing for the norm:
$$ \begin{aligned} ||f||_K^2 = & ||v||_K^2 + ||g||_K^2 \\ =& \sum \alpha^T K \alpha \end{aligned} $$
We showed that squared error doesn’t depend on $g$. Now it’s time for the penalty part. To minimize squared error, we can always mess with $\alpha$. But I can always reduce the penalty by taking $g$ small and more petite for a given squared error. Then minimizer has always $g=0$
Remark: We showed that $\arg \min ||y-f(x)||^2+\lambda||f||_K^2$ is finite dimmensional ridge regression.
Now let’s get back to matrices. Let’s define $M$ is symmetric and positive definite matrix (i.e., $\lambda_j$s are real and $\lambda_j\geq 0$):
$$ M = U^T \Lambda U $$
where $U$ is a orthogonal matrix and $\Lambda$ is a diagonal matrix.
$$ \Lambda = \begin{bmatrix} \lambda_1 & .. & \\ \vdots &\ddots& \vdots \\ & .. &\lambda_n \end{bmatrix} $$
Then we can write: $$ \begin{aligned} M =& U^T \Lambda^{1/2} \Lambda^{1/2} U \\ =& (\sqrt{\Lambda} U)^T(\sqrt{\Lambda} U) \\ = & \Phi^T \Phi \end{aligned} $$
factors $\Phi \in \mathbb{R}^n$.
Feature representation for Mercer kernels
These factors are critical in machine learning because we can take them as features. For example, feature vector $\Phi_i \in \mathbb{R}^n$ for $i-$th data point. Indeed, features are dual forms for kernels. For example, we can take $X$ and make $G=XX^T$. We can show that it’s a Mercer’s kernel because it’s positive and semi-definite. If I take Eigen functions of k:
$$ K \Phi_j = \lambda_j \Phi_j, \quad \lambda_j \geq 0 $$
Then we can define feature mapping:
$$ X \rightarrow \Phi(x) : (\sqrt{\lambda} \Phi_1,\sqrt{\lambda_2}\Phi_2,..) \quad \text{infinite dimmensional} $$
Indeed, Mercer’s kernel gives you another way of manipulating features.
We covered this post in the intermediate machine learning SDS 365/565, Yale University, John Lafferty, where I was TF.


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Trigonometry Basics
P/B/H Trigo
Hyperbolic Trigonometric Ratios Calculator
Distance Between Incenter and Excenter
Trigonometry Values
Pentatope Calculator
Distance Between Excenter And Circumcenter
Circum Radius And Area Of External Triangle
Trigonometry Identities
Trigonometric Functions
Inverse Trigonometric Identities
Hyperbolic Trigonometric Identities
Inverse Hyperbolic Trigonometric Identities
Unit Circle
General Solution Of Trigonometric Equations
Height And Distance
Expansion Of Functions
Expansion Calculator
Solution Of Triangles
Sum And Difference Of Trigonometric Function


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Red Hot Chilli Peppers
Upcoming Events
- Nairobi 26th Feb 1800-2100
- Nakuru 27th Feb 1800-2100
- Mombasa 28th Feb 1800-2100
About the band
Red Hot Chili Peppers (commonly abbreviated as RHCP) are an American rock band formed in Los Angeles in 1983. Their music incorporates elements of alternative rock, funk, punk rock and psychedelic rock. The band comprises vocalist Anthony Kiedis, bassist Flea, drummer Chad Smith, and guitarist John Frusciante. With over 80 million records sold worldwide, Red Hot Chili Peppers are one of the best-selling bands of all time. They are the most successful band in the history of alternative rock radio, with the records for most number-one singles (13), most cumulative weeks at number one (85) and most top-ten songs (25) on the Billboard Alternative Songs chart. They have won six Grammy Awards, and in 2012 were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame.For more info on RHCP click here.
Some of the songs recorded by RHCP are:
Band Members
Click on image for more info on member.
Anthony
Anthony is an American musician, singer, songwriter, rapper, and actor. He is best known as a founding member and the lead vocalist of the Red Hot Chili Peppers and has appeared on every album released by the band. Kiedis and his fellow band members were inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012.
Flea
Flea, is an Australian-American musician and actor. He is best known as a founding member and the bassist of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers and has appeared on every album released by the band.
John
John s an American musician, singer, songwriter, and producer best known as the lead guitarist of the rock band Red Hot Chili Peppers across three stints (1988–1992, 1998–2009, 2019–present). He has recorded five studio albums with them.
Chad
is an American musician who is best known as the current drummer of the band Red Hot Chili Peppers, which he joined in 1988. The group was inducted into the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame in 2012.


Inline Form Field Validation
Enter your billing and shipping addresses
Error tooltips are automatically rendered when focus moves away from each required form field.
Error tooltips are automatically rendered when focus moves away from each required form field.


Everyone Is Extremely Horny For Lord Asriel And His Fine Knitwear In ‘His Dark Materials’
by Patrick LentonHis Dark Materials premiered last night, and frankly, everyone is gagging about the beautifully lush fantasy world, the strange and grim and wondrous tone, and the stellar performances.
Related
It’s a gorgeous show, truly a product of the golden age of prestige television that we’re currently in, especially the huge fantasy adaptations.
But — that’s not everything that people are gagging about.
Lyra’s mysterious and brilliant uncle is the Lord Asriel, played perfectly by James McAvoy — he has just the right mixture of aggressive genius, and slightly tortured visionary to properly sell the role.
 Honestly, this handsome science daddy can photograph me like one of his dust models. He can overthrow my magisterium. He can swaddle me up like a baby and abandon me at a university.
God damn. And I’m not alone in being horny for the magic father/uncle.
But there’s two choices that’s been made for his interpretation of the character that have people specifically going off.
His wide range of beautiful knitwear is the first. Honestly, I would die for a man in a nice jum-jum. Let’s put this baby in a turtleneck and then watch me expire from the combo of hotness and comfort.
And the other thing? Why it’s only the sexy streak of grey in his hair, reminiscent of nothing more than The Nanny’s Mr Sheffield.  CC Babcock is burying herself in a shallow grave.
Also, people are making fun of his obsession with “dust” and it’s very funny. Nice to take a break from being horny!
His Dark Materials is currently streaming on Foxtel Now.


SLGRIDSAMPLES Generate the sample vectors on grid points $ Syntax $ - X = slgridsamples(x1, x2, ..., xd) - X = slgridsamples({x1, x2, ..., xd}) $ Description $ - X = slgridsamples(x1, x2, ..., xd) generates a d x (n1xn2x...xnd) sample matrix, provided that x1, x2, ... xd are vectors storing the the sampled values along dimensions with lengths n1, n2, ..., nd. - X = slgridsamples({x1, x2, ..., xd}) is similar to the previous syntax, except that the dimension sample value vectors are groupped into a cell array. $ Remarks $ - The orders of the samples are determined in following manner that the indices of the grids are generated by slallcombs. - If input arguments are empty, the resulting X would be empty. $ History $ - Created by Dahua Lin on Dec 28th, 2005
0001 function X = slgridsamples(varargin) 0002 %SLGRIDSAMPLES Generate the sample vectors on grid points 0003 % 0004 % $ Syntax $ 0005 % - X = slgridsamples(x1, x2, ..., xd) 0006 % - X = slgridsamples({x1, x2, ..., xd}) 0007 % 0008 % $ Description $ 0009 % - X = slgridsamples(x1, x2, ..., xd) generates a d x (n1xn2x...xnd) 0010 % sample matrix, provided that x1, x2, ... xd are vectors storing the 0011 % the sampled values along dimensions with lengths n1, n2, ..., nd. 0012 % 0013 % - X = slgridsamples({x1, x2, ..., xd}) is similar to the previous 0014 % syntax, except that the dimension sample value vectors are groupped 0015 % into a cell array. 0016 % 0017 % $ Remarks $ 0018 % - The orders of the samples are determined in following manner that 0019 % the indices of the grids are generated by slallcombs. 0020 % - If input arguments are empty, the resulting X would be empty. 0021 % 0022 % $ History $ 0023 % - Created by Dahua Lin on Dec 28th, 2005 0024 % 0025 0026 %% parse and verify input arguments 0027 if nargin == 0 0028 X = []; 0029 return; 0030 end 0031 if iscell(varargin{1}) 0032 vars = varargin{1}; 0033 else 0034 vars = varargin; 0035 end 0036 0037 %% Prepare 0038 d = length(vars); 0039 ns = zeros(1, d); 0040 for i = 1 : d 0041 ns(i) = length(vars{i}); 0042 end 0043 ntotal = prod(ns); 0044 X = zeros(d, ntotal); 0045 if ntotal == 0 0046 return; 0047 end 0048 0049 %% Genertae 0050 inds = slallcombs(ns); 0051 for i = 1 : d 0052 X(i, :) = vars{i}(inds(i, :)); 0053 end 0054 0055 0056 0057 0058


Gold: Net positioning increased – TDS
by Sandeep KanihamaCFTC weekly report (W/E Nov 19) points out that after reducing length in previous weeks, the combination of a somewhat less robust USD, lower rates and new uncertainty associated with the US-China trade deal prompted money managers to aggressively increase net gold positioning, notes the research team at TD Securities.
Key Quotes
“Investors covered short exposure as prices rebounded from the lows. At the same time, the upward price momentum helped to drive long positioning higher on speculation that the uncertain macro environment may prompt rates to continue to decline, which would drive prices through resistance to a higher trading range. While uncertainty continues on the trade and economic fronts, it is likely that it will not be enough to continue a significant long extension into the end of the year.”


This Week’s iPhone Pics (14/52)
A very full week, once again. I’ve grown tired of shuffling the settings on Hipstamatic, so here you go, everything this week was taken with the Helga Viking / Pistil combo.
- Batinsse qui mouille ca va neyer l'ble d'inde.
- Toujours est-il que ca l'a ete un averse comme qu'on aurait jamais pu en voir de plus grosses. Y moullait, eh qui mouillait! Cala pas d'allure, ca tombait en simonake!
- Fall is coming. I aught to load up some of that Kodak ProColor and shoot some stuff in a National Park or something.
- I suffered from a very serious relapse of geeky stuff. The computer recycling place I go to gave me exclusive rights to all the mechanical keyboards that they get in exchange for all the stuff I bring in. I was happy with my Compaq G80 with Cherry Browns, but I am now the proud owner of a classic Dell Model M (buckling springs) and a Dell AT101 ( black Alps). Non-geeks, don't hate... it's not just a very loud keyboard, it a whole different computing experience.
- Playing with fire...
- ... putting it out like a man.
- Sextuple-world-champ Frank at the beer-pong table. This guy is a menace.
- Vintage auto spottings are pretty rare in Quebec due to the shitty winters, salt, and even shittier roads. This Jag E-Type was mint, probably fresh out of the paint shop or just after a compound by the looks of it. I love the wire wheels.


Before Change
// pylint: enable=g-long-lambda
if datasets:
builders = [tfds.builder(name) for name in datasets]
else:
builders = [
tfds.builder(name)
for name in tfds.list_builders()
After Change
name for name in tfds.list_builders() if name not in BUILDER_BLACKLIST
]
print("Creating the vanilla builders for %s datasets..." % len(datasets))
with futures.ThreadPoolExecutor(max_workers=WORKER_COUNT_DATASETS) as tpool:
builders = tpool.map(tfds.builder, datasets)
print("Vanilla builders built, constructing module_to_builder dict...")
for builder in builders:
module_name = builder.__class__.__module__


This is my first project made by using vanila javascript and API
This is an app made to generate a strong password .one should answer the alerts before getting a strong password which has a minimum passwordlength of 8
This is an app made using javascript.The app is designed to render questions and deduct 10 minutes for each incorrect answer .The app uses local storage to store the results and display it on the screen
This an app designed to create and save any note .and the calander app will save the data inside the localstorage and it will display using different colour
Mody is my secound project.The app is mainly designed to create brackets .This particular app is designed for 8 brackets .The app app used sequlise as an orm and mysql as a database
The burger app is a full stack application that uses mysql as a databse and it uses handlebars , express and npm packages
This is a final project made by using React.The DAYA is a reporting application that is mainly designed to help adult home care facilities in giving them a very flexible platform


Currabinny Cooks: The humble swede can be a truly beautiful thing
Let us be honest, swedes are probably the least sexy vegetable you could possibly think of.
There is that joke about Irish mammies putting on the turnip in November in preparation for Christmas dinner.
Turnips are of course what we in Ireland usually call swedes, but shockingly turnips are actually those little white and purple roots with the green shoots on the top and whiskers on the bottom.
We only learned of this swede/turnip mix up surprisingly recently. Like with most people we never really put too much thought into swedes and turnips and if they were the same or different.
What good then is the humble swede? We started rediscovering a love of swede only very recently, probably at the same time we figured out that they were in fact swedes and not turnips. When cooked in the right way and paired with the right ingredients, swede can actually be a truly beautiful thing.
The first rule when cooking swede is to not over boil it, you want it to be soft all the way through but still holding shape. Butter is always appreciated with swede, lots of it. Good seasoning helps too, especially a good amount of freshly cracked black pepper. Strong farmhouse cheeses also go extremely well with swede.
We wanted the three recipes here to celebrate both the past and present of how we might eat this much maligned root. The ham with swede mash couldn’t be more Irish but its a beautifully simple dish that just needs to be made the right way. No over boiling being the main thing here.
The gnocchi is an exciting way of eating swede and works very well with garlic and chilli and of course plenty of butter and cheese.
Ham with Mustard Swede Mash
About as classical Irish at it gets and probably something you might at first be tempted to turn your nose up at, you may even have bad memories of eating this very dish.
Trust us please and do give ham and swede a second chance. Usually when cooking swede you want to be careful not to over boil it as it falls apart and becomes watery.
In this recipe, we advise of course not over boiling but it is actually good to leave a little of the cooking water in the pot to give you a very smooth mash. Swede can be a little dry otherwise.
- Ham joint 1.75kg, boned
- ½ medium onion
- 4 cloves
- 2 bay leaves
- 6-8 peppercorns
- 1 swede (800g) peeled and cut into chunks
- Sea salt
- Black pepper
- 60g butter
- 2 teaspoons of grain butter
- Small handful of parsley
Put the ham in a large pot and fill with cold water. Bring to the boil and then cover to a gentle simmer. Don’t add any salt to the water but do add the peppercorns, half an onion studded with cloves and the bay leaves.
Partially cover with a lid and simmer for 20 minutes per 450g. For a 1.75kg piece of boneless ham you should cook for roughly 1 hour and 15 minutes.
Place the swede chunks in a large saucepan and fill with cold water to almost cover the chunks.
Bring to the boil and then reduce to simmer for 15-20 minutes. Take the lid off and boil hard for around 5 minutes until the liquid has reduced considerably.
Mash with the liquid and butter until nice and smooth. Season with salt and pepper and stir in the mustard.
Serve with thick sliced of the ham.
Swede Gnocchiwith Sage Butter
Usually when we make gnocchi, we use mashed potatoes, often leftover from a previous meal. In this recipe, we take a different approach by roasting swede and potatoes until soft and blitzing them in a food processor, adding the flour and seasoning as you go. The resulting dough is a little on the sticky side so use plenty of flour on your work surface and hands when rolling out. Its a wonderful thing when you use something unexpected like swede into a refined dish like this one.
- 600g swede, peeled
- 400g floury potatoes
- 100g tipo ’00’ flour
- 100g hard sleeps cheese or parmesan
- 100g butter
- 6-8 sage leaves
- 1 small red chilli, finely diced
- 2 scallions, finely sliced
- Sea salt
- Black pepper
- 1 clove of garlic, sliced thinly
Preheat the oven to 200C.
Peel and cut the swede and potatoes into equal sized chunks and place on a large lined baking tray. Drizzle a little olive oil over the chunks, season with salt and pepper and roast for around 40-50 minutes until soft, but not browned.
In a large food processor, blitz until smooth and season with salt and pepper.
Add the flour and grated hard cheese and pulse again to form a sort of sticky dough.
Flour a surface and roll out the dough into sausages and cut into little bite sized pieces.
Bring a large saucepan of salted water to the boil and cook the gnocchi in batches. They are done when they float to the top. When cooked, drain with a slotted spoon and leave on a tray lined with kitchen paper or a kitchen towel. Heat the oil in a large frying pan and add the butter, fry the garlic and chilli for two minutes, add the sage leaves and then the gnocchi to the pan and fry for two minutes, turning them so they become slightly browned all over. Serve with some more grated cheese on top.
Swede and Leek Bake
This dish is all about comfort eating. The last time we made this we both ate it sitting on the couch with spoons, fighting over the cheesiest bits.
We love to use as robust and aged a cheddar we can find, usually a wonderfully strong Derg cheddar from Tipperary does the trick.
- 1 medium swede (800g), peeled
- 2 medium leeks, green parts discarded
- 60g butter
- 100g good strong cheddar
- Sea salt and black pepper
- 2 sage leaves
- 75ml white wine
Slice the leeks diagonally into ½ inch rounds and cut the peeled swede into medium sized chunks.
Preheat the oven 180C. Melt 30g of butter in a large frying pan and fry the leeks on a medium heat for around 10 minutes until softened. Season with salt and pepper and add the sage leaves and white wine. Cook for a further 2 minutes until the wine has mostly evaporated. Set aside.
Place the swede in a steamer over a pan of boiling water and cook for around 30 minutes until soft.
Alternatively you can boil the swede and drain the water off when the swede is cooked. If you are using the boiling in water method then be very careful about over boiling the swede as they will fall apart and get water logged very quickly.
Mash the swede with the rest of the butter and season will a good pinch of sea salt and pepper.
Fold in the leeks and spoon into a medium casserole dish.
Cover in the grated cheese and bake for 25-30 minutes until the cheese has gotten very golden brown. Add a splash of Worcester sauce before placing in the oven if you like that sort of thing, which we definitely do.


Hannah Hillam is a San Francisco-based artist whose cynaical and surreal comics have gone viral on instagram. Most of her followers are women ages 20-40 who share her awkward spin on life. Her artwork is inspired by her every day life, living with mental illness, and the world around her. One of her most common subjects is an alternate reality where she has become her cat's pet. She credits a moment of success in the art industry when her grandparents started taking her seriously.
Hillam sums up her style as "Unsettlingly cute. Unnervingly heartwarming." Her work is at both times relatable and surreal. She cites illustrators such as Arthur Rackham, Charles Dana Gibson, NC Wyeth as early inspiration, and follows currently working artists Jillian Tamaki, Yuko Shimizu, Noelle Stevenson, Kate Beaton, James Jean, Shen Comix, Julia Kaye, and Safely Endangered.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block titlebar %}
Forgotten your password? Enter your e-mail address below, and we'll send you an e-mail allowing you to reset it.
Please contact us if you have any trouble resetting your password.


{% extends "base.html" %}{% load i18n %} {% block meta_title %} {% blocktrans with site_name=site.site_name %}Donate to {{ site_name }}{% endblocktrans %} {% endblock %} {% block extra_css %} {% endblock %} {% block main %}
At present, only donations in Indian Rupees by Indian citizens are accepted.
Donations made to CounterMedia Trust are eligible for exemption U/s. 80G of the Income Tax Act, 1961. Here is a copy of the exemption certificate.


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#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <unistd.h>
#include <string.h>
#include <time.h>
#include <ctype.h>
#include "samp.h"
Functions | |
| int | samp_Register (handle_t handle) |
| Register with the Hub using the currently stored metadata. | |
| int | samp_UnRegister (handle_t handle) |
| Un-Register from the hub. | |
| int | samp_DeclareMetadata (handle_t handle) |
| (Re)Declare all of our metadata. | |
| int | samp_Ping (handle_t handle, String appName) |
| Ping the hub/app to see if it is alive (returns >0). | |
| Map | samp_GetMetadata (handle_t handle, String pubId) |
| Get the metadata for a specified app. | |
| int | samp_DeclareSubscriptions (handle_t handle) |
| Declare the messages we're interested in. | |
| Map | samp_GetSubscriptions (handle_t handle, String pubId) |
| List | samp_GetRegisteredClients (handle_t handle) |
| Get public-ids of the registered clients. | |
| List | samp_GetSubscribedClients (handle_t handle, String mtype) |
| Get clients matching the mtype subscription. |
SAMPCOMMANDS.C -- SAMP commands used by app to send administrative messages.
stat = samp_Register (handle) stat = samp_UnRegister (handle) stat = samp_DeclareMetadata (handle) stat = samp_Ping (handle, appName) map = samp_GetMetadata (handle, pubId) samp_DeclareSubscriptions (handle) map = samp_GetSubscriptions (handle) list = samp_GetRegisteredClients (handle) list = samp_GetSubscribedClients (handle, mtype)
| int samp_DeclareMetadata | ( | handle_t | handle | ) |
(Re)Declare all of our metadata.
SAMP_DECLAREMETATA -- (Re)Declare all of our metadata.
| handle | samp struct handle |
References Samp::hub, hub, and samp_hubDeclareMetadata().
| int samp_DeclareSubscriptions | ( | handle_t | handle | ) |
Declare the messages we're interested in.
SAMP_DECLARESUBSCRIPIONS -- Declare the messages we're interested in.
| handle | samp struct handle |
References Samp::hub, hub, and samp_hubDeclareSubscriptions().
Referenced by samp_Unsubscribe().
Get the metadata for a specified app.
SAMP_GETMETADATA -- Get the metadata for a specified app.
| handle | samp struct handle | |
| pubId | App public-id |
References Samp::errortxt, Samp::hub, hub, Hub::id, and Hub::privateKey.
Referenced by samp_mapClients().
| List samp_GetRegisteredClients | ( | handle_t | handle | ) |
Get public-ids of the registered clients.
SAMP_GETREGISTEREDCLIENTS -- Get public-ids of the registered clients.
| handle | samp struct handle |
References Samp::hub, Hub::id, Hub::privateKey, samp_listLen(), samp_newList(), and samp_setStringInList().
Referenced by samp_mapClients().
Get clients matching the mtype subscription.
SAMP_GETSUBSCRIBEDCLIENTS -- Get clients matching the mtype subscription.
| handle | samp struct handle | |
| mtype | mtype string |
References Samp::hub, Hub::id, Hub::privateKey, samp_listLen(), samp_newList(), and samp_setStringInList().
| int samp_Ping | ( | handle_t | handle, | |
| String | appName | |||
| ) |
Ping the hub/app to see if it is alive (returns >0).
SAMP_PING -- Ping the hub/app to see if it is alive (returns >0).
| handle | samp struct handle | |
| appName | application name |
References Samp::hub, samp_app2id(), samp_callAll(), samp_callAndWait(), samp_freeMap(), samp_freeMsg(), samp_hubPing(), samp_msgParam(), samp_newMsg(), samp_newParam(), and samp_setErr().
| int samp_Register | ( | handle_t | handle | ) |
Register with the Hub using the currently stored metadata.
SAMP_REGISTER -- Register with the Hub using the currently stored metadata.
| handle | samp struct handle |
References Samp::hub, hub, Hub::hubId, Hub::id, Hub::privateKey, samp_replyStatus(), Hub::secret, and Hub::selfId.
| int samp_UnRegister | ( | handle_t | handle | ) |
Un-Register from the hub.
SAMP_UNREGISTER -- Un-Register from the hub.
| handle | samp struct handle |
References Samp::hub, hub, and samp_hubUnRegister().


Book-A-Meal
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---
layout: default
title: Blog
description: The NBC lab blog
group: navigation
navorder: 7
category: blog
---
{% include JB/setup %}
The Lab Blog
{% for post in site.categories.blog limit: 10 %}
{% for member in site.categories.team %}
{% if member.handle == post.author %}
{% assign author = member %}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}
{% if post.image %}
{% endif %}
{% endfor %}


Obvious and not so subtle, but with permissions you can create a new user account.
adduser hacker
adduser hacker sudo


Almost anything can be found in seawater. This includes dissolved materials from Earth's crust as well as materials released from organisms. The most important, dissolved gases (mostly oxygen and carbon doxie)


meta(name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1")
Without using a table of values or the graph of a function, how can we determine the limit of a given function at a given point? There is an analytical procedure for finding the limit of a function, given the function's equation. We are explicitly computing the limit, and this method is more accurate than using a table or a graph.
The first analytical method you should try is plugging in c for x to find (c). The direct substitution method, when valid, tells us that (c) = limx→c (x). This method may not always work, but if it does, you do not have to proceed to the next steps.
Let (x) = cos(πx)⋅x2 and c = 2. Find limx→c (x).
Find (c) by direct substitution:
limx→c (x) = (c) = cos(πc)⋅c2
limx→2 cos(πx)⋅x2 = (2) = cos(2π)⋅22
limx→2 cos(πx)⋅x2 = 4
Sometimes direct substitution doesn't yield an answer because the function is undefined at that point. In this case, we try to simplify the function to a form for which we can use Direct Substitution to find the limit.
Let (x) = (x2-1)÷(x-1) and c = 1. Find limx→c (x).
If we try the direct substitution method, we obtain:
limx→c (x)
limx→1 (x2-1)÷(x-1)
(12-1)÷(1-1)
(1-1)÷(1-1)
0÷0, which does not exist.
Thus we try factoring. Observe that (x2-1) can be factored into (x-1)⋅(x+1). Then:
limx→c (x) (goal)
limx→1 (x2-1)÷(x-1) (given)
limx→1 ((x-1)⋅(x+1))÷(x-1) (factor)
limx→1 (x+1)÷1 (cancel common factors)
limx→1 x+1 (simplify)
1+1 (direct substitution)
2 (solution)
Note here that limx→1 (x) = 2, but (2) does not exist. When we use the Factorization method, we are using Direct Substitution on a simplified form of the function, not the function itself. Challenge questions: What would the graph of this function look like? Could you guess the limit using Graphical Methods? This graph appears to be the graph of what other (simpler) function?
Rationalization uses the same concept as Factorization: we are trying to simplify a given function into a form that allows us to use Direct Substitution to find the limit. We use the Rationalization method on a function that deals with irrational numbers. Rationalization is basically backwards factorization: instead of dividing by a common factor, we are multiplying by a common factor.
Let (x) = (√(x2+9)-3)÷x2 and c = 0. Find limx→c (x).
Clearly the direct substitution method does not work, and there are no expressions in the function that we can factor. But let's try to get rid of that radical.
limx→c (x) (goal)
limx→0 (√(x2+9)-3)÷x2 (given)
limx→0 ((√(x2+9)-3)÷x2) ⋅ (1÷1) (multiply by 1)
limx→0 ((√(x2+9)-3)÷x2) ⋅ ((√(x2+9)+3)÷(√(x2+9)+3)) (rewrite 1 as a quotient of radicals)
limx→0 ((√(x2+9)-3)⋅(√(x2+9)+3)) ÷ (x2⋅(√(x2+9)+3)) (multiply the fractions)
limx→0 ((x2+9)-9) ÷ (x2⋅(√(x2+9)+3)) (expand the numerator)
limx→0 (x2) ÷ (x2⋅(√(x2+9)+3)) (simplify the numerator)
limx→0 1 ÷ (1⋅(√(x2+9)+3)) (cancel common factors)
1÷(1⋅√(02+9)+3) (direct substitution)
1÷(√(9)+3) (simplify)
1÷(3+3) (simplify)
1÷6 (solution)
In conlusion, there are three main methods used to analytically compute the limit of a function. No matter how complicated the function's equation, we will always use some combination of factoring, rationalizing, and substituting to find the limit.


I needed a refreshing cleanse of my psyche and qi (chi).  I decided to experiment. My previous experiences with melatonin alone were too sketchy. Since I had a notion Syrian Rue enhances, or mutates a chemical reaction I was all game.
I popped a few melatonin pills, and took three grams of Peganum harmala. I ground the harmala seeds in a coffee grinder. I then boiled the seeds with part water and Emergen-C (vitamin C extract) for 2 hours. I filtered and boiled till I had a yellow-brownish liquid. I poured the solution in a cup and added a lemon to make it go down. It tasted rather pleasant.
T+0= 9:30 PM-Drank tea with Melatonin Capsules.
T+1= 10:05 PM-Felt a massive body wave similar to heroin and ecstasy. As I watched TV my dreams and reality morphed. I had visions mixed with what I saw in real life.
T+2= 11:00 PM?- I kept shifting states of consciousness in seconds. My body felt like it was floating in a warm pool of vibrating water. My body kept making weird jerking motions to weird voices in my head.
 As I lay in bed the twtiching got more intense. I had weird conversations in my bed with a female my age who was not even there. But she was. I don't know what we said to each other, but it was more rhythnic than logic.  I cannot recall intercourse but an intense orgasmic electrical surge that left me breathless. We then cuddled in a weird vibration and I was carried to a different realm. There were people walking all around, none I ever saw before. They taught me things I can hardly remember. At that point there was no way to determine how long the trip went. I was shown pieces of my current life and where I succeeding and where I was failing.
I woke up at 9:00 AM feeling revitalized and really peaceful. I may experiment with dosage levels to see what this constitutes. It was very spiritual.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


I took 2 25 mg tabs at 8:30AM....... By 9:15 I had a pleasant, sedated feeling. A kind of euphoric side effect as well, but not like the euphoric sensations of an Opioid.
I noticed if I took this at beditme I slept soundly. But by taking it while wide awake, it produced a more noticable lightheadedness. Somewhat like a mix between valium & Soma.
The effects of the Prometh lasted 3-4 hours with no 'come down' effects. Promethazine produced a drowsy feeling
I gave a friend 2 25mg tabs today. He took them & within 45 minutes, he described a relaxed, sedated, almost like having a drink feeling.
My drugs of choice are Opioids, & I look for other medications that will produce a similar euphoric feeling. Promethazine comes close. It will brought about a calm, slower state of being, & causes slight giddiness, & disorienting.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Navigation
Benguet, together with Abra, Apayao, Baguio City, Ifugao, Kalinga, and Mountain Province
comprise the Cordillera Administrative Region (CAR) in Northern Luzon. It has a mountainous terrain of peaks,
ridges and canyons; and a temperate and generally pleasant climate. Benguet lies southernmost in the
Cordillera Administrative Region. It is geographically located between 16'33'' north latitude and 120'34''
to 12'152'' east longitude. On the north, it is bounded by Mountain Proveince, on the south by Pnagasinan,
on the east by ifugao and Nueva Viscaya and on the west by La Union and Ilocos Sur. The Province comprises
one congressional district, two provincial board district, thirteen municipalities and one hundred forty
barangays. It has three major etholinguistic groups: the Kankanaeys, Ibalois and Kalanguya and other minor
groups with distinct cultures and histories on their own.
Early Settlement and Trade Movement
Long before the coming of the Spansh colonizer to the Philippines, the people of Benguet walked and lived
on the land, mountains and valleys of the southern Cordillera mountain range down to the sea coasts of
Ilocos Sur, Pangasinan and La Union to as far as the ancient trading centers of Ituy in the northern plains
of Luzon. There were no political subdivision or subjugation. Movements and settlements were in search of
rich hunting grounds, fertile valleys and the abundant resources of the earth, rivers and seas, and places
of barter and trade. Thus, the book “ A People's History of Benguet ” States: “ A
reconstruction of Benguet History, therefore, encompasses present-day Benguet and inclides the western
coastal provinces of Pangasinan, La Union and Ilocos Sur form Southern Lingayen Gulf to the outlet of
Amburayan river in the northern town of Tagudein. Remembrances of times past are tied to the river system
if fthe Agno, Angalacan-Bued,Aringay-Galiano, Naugilian and Amburayan, all in northwestern Luzon. The mossy
forest heights of the southern Cordillera mountain range constitute a natural east and southeast boundary.
The Earliest known settlement as recounted in genealogical histories were the following town
settlements: Chuyo and Tonglo in Baguio-Tuba: Darew and Playpay in Kapangan -Tublay: Imbose and Amlimay
in Kabayan-Buguias; and Namiligan and Palatang in Mankayan-Bakun. The gold and copper settlement working
sites were Pacutcutan, Acupan, Apaiao, Penas and Locjo all over Benguet. Centers of the barter and
trade between the highlanders and lowlander of the northern Luzon were at Ituy now known as Aritao in Nueva
Viscaya, Tagudin and Vigan in the Ilocos and Manaoag and Lingayen in Pangasinan. Benguet products such as
gold, cooper, iron, honey, beeswax were traded in exchange for lowland products such as salt, livestock,
cotton clothing or blanckets, and wares from foreign shores such as beads, plates and jars. Slaves form
the highlands and lowlands were also items of trade.
How Benguet Got Its Name
The name Benguet was the first pronounced in La Trinindad, a thriving settlement at the crossroads to the
lowland trading sites during the period of Spanish expeditions. La Trinidad then was a settlement around a
lake alive with wildlife, wallowing carabaos dotted with patches of taro, rice, gabi and camote. In one
expedition, a curios Spanish conquistador who saw this settlement noted that people wore cloth covering
wrapped around their head several times. When he inquired about it, the native explained that the heavy head
covering which that people wore as protection from the searing cold and winds is termed “benget”.
With the western accent of colonizers “benget” was mispronounced as “benguet”.
In time, it eventually became a general reference to the territories of the Iggorotes peopled by the Ibaloi,
Kalangoya, Kankanaey and other minor tribes.


Creates a LatLng object representing a geographic point. Note the ordering of latitude and longitude.
Latitude is specified in degrees within the range [-90, 90].
Longitude is specified in degrees within the range [-180, 180].
Set noWrap to true to enable values outside of this range.
Creates a LatLng object representing a geographic point.
Object literal.
Set noWrap to true to enable values outside of this range.
Comparison function.
Returns the latitude in degrees.
Returns the longitude in degrees.
Converts to JSON representation. This function is intended to be used via {@link JSON.stringify}.
Converts to string representation.
Returns a string of the form "lat,lng" for this LatLng. We round the lat/lng values to 6 decimal places by default.
Generated using TypeDoc
A LatLng is a point in geographical coordinates: latitude and longitude.
Although the default map projection associates longitude with the x-coordinate of the map, and latitude with the y-coordinate, the latitude coordinate is always written first, followed by the longitude. Notice that you cannot modify the coordinates of a LatLng. If you want to compute another point, you have to create a new one.
Maps JavaScript API


June 22, 2015
Stereotype Threat
Preface
One reason I love Dev Bootcamp is it's holistic education of the whole individual. They've taken on the task of educating people about the world they will need to be able to work in. They don't produce programmers that are only suited to programming in a vacuum, but developers capable of interacting with other developers and dealing wih the cultural climate of the day. They're comitted to teaching skills beyond the technical - they teach social awareness skills - and in so doing, they treat the student as an inlelligent, aware person, not a tool suited to performing a specific kind of task. They're educating change agents here.
It took me a few weeks to piece this together. I've been busy learning HTML, CSS, basic Ruby, learning to pair program, and building this website, so it didn't occur to me until just now as I sat down to reflect on a cultural issue, that I'm learning so much more than I ever expected to. I thought I would walk out of DBC (sometime this Fall, if all goes according to plan) and be more than qualified for a challenging, rewarding job as a junior web developer. I have a feeling that's the least of what I'll leave DBC with.
I had all but given up on 'making a difference' or 'doing work that matters'. My early career roles left a lot to be desired in those regards. I have but one life to live, and if I'm to spend 40+ hours of my week in support of something, I'm going to do everything I can to make sure that 'something' is worth it. How's that for an education that empowers.
Reflection
In my opinion, stereotype threat is the phenomenon wherein awareness of a negative stereotype about oneself can cause anxiety and/or a tendency to conform to that stereotype. From Wikipedia:
(For the following discussion, I'll assume that stereotype threat is a valid concept.)
To my way of thinking, it boils down to whether one feels as though they belong, if they feel the community will support them, and if they feel comfortable being themselves. When all of these things are there: sense of belonging, community/peer validation, nonthreatening environment - a student is well set to succeed. In the absence of even one of these factors, a student will not perform to the best of their abilities.
Literature Review
This article, from the Atlantic, describes the effects beautifully: in situations where we acknowledge a stereotype, where we know we may be judged, we feel mistrustful and apprehensive. We are 'on guard' against such judgement. But this extra vigilance is tiring, and, over time, may lead to a realignment of self-regard so that our sense of self no longer depends on the outcome of those external judgements. This shift has the side effect of a loss of interest and/or motivation.
How do you mitigate stereotype threat? Put simply, it's all about trust. Reading the article, linked above (here it is again), I learned that, for students under stereotype threat, it's imperative to explicitly signal that:
- Any judgement reflects standards rather than race.
- You do not view them stereotypically / you believe in their ability to buck the stereotype.
Again, from Mr. Steele @ the Atlantic:
"Even though the stereotypes held by the larger society may be difficult to change, it is possible to create niches in which negative stereotypes are not felt to apply. In specific classrooms, within specific programs, even in the climate of entire schools, it is possible to weaken a group's sense of being threatened by negative stereotypes, to allow its members a trust that would otherwise be difficult to sustain."
Conclusion
The difference between experiencing the negative impacts of stereotype threat, and in mitigating them completely is an awareness of negative stereotypes and a willingness to engage with the two steps listed above. The battleground for this particular social issue is individual communities. I know that I am committed to showing up for my communities. Can you say the same?


Search
Preparing search index...


Community
Spacebeam is a distributed open-source research & development company that conducts multidisciplinary work on distributed systems, AI and HPC.
Team up with artists that spawn network resources where you'll find new tools and information models.
To achieve our goal we focus on general-purpose strategies that networks learn from experience on different challenges and environments.
Our Mission: provide open-source tools for play, work and science!
Our Goal: a distributed workspace environment for machines of all ages.
Our Problem: StarCraft: Brood War
The game represent a well defined environment with a number of interesting challenges on:
- Information gathering
- Machine reasoning
- Dealing with uncertainty
- Domain knowledge exploitation
Simplicity and principles
Simplicity means that the basic principles of your system, the underlying basic principles on which everything is built should be very simple.
- Let it crash.
- Functions are a form of objects.
- Message passing and function calling are analogous.
- Asynchronous message passing is necessary for non-blocking systems.
- Selective receive allow to ignore messages uninteresting now.
Our open-source process
We use the ZeroMQ C4 process working on Spacebeam, which means that every proposed change is tracked as an issue.
Your can define an issue for a problem and then propose your own patch, or wait for someone else to fix it... you can also come immediately with a patch, and submit that as a pull request, without a separate issue.
An ideal description for an issue goes:
- Problem: (describe the problem here)
- Solution: (describe your solution here)
Please do not create issues for ideas or feature requests.
Come with clear problems and possible solutions.
Code and documentation
The source code lives at the Spacebeam GitHub organization.
The guide explains our environment and the community website links to our work process, read the rules and join the adventure!


| Portland State University | 2017-Present |
| Master of Science Computer Science | GPA 3.68 |
| Portland, Oregon | Expected Completion March 2020 |
| Oregon Institute of Technology | 2013-2015 |
| Master of Science Renewable Energy Engineering | GPA 3.67 |
| Wilsonville, Oregon | Recieved December 2015 |
| Portland State University | 2014-2015 |
| Master Certification Project Management | GPA 3.85 |
| Portland, Oregon | Recieved June 2015 |
| Oregon Institute of Technology | 2009-2013 |
| Bachelor of Science Renewable Energy Engineering | GPA 3.87 |
| Klamath Falls, Oregon | Recieved June 2013 |
| Hewlett-Packard | June 2019 - September 2019 |
| 1115 SE 164th Ave, Vancouver, Washington 98683 | Software Engineering Intern |
| Black and Veatch | February 2016 - March 2017 |
| 5885 Meadows Rd, Lake Oswego, OR 97035 | Electrical Engineer 1 |
| Hydro Research Foundation | June 2014 - December 2015 |
| 3124 Elk View Dr, Evergreen, CO 80439 | Researcher |


Thank you for travelling the web all the way to here! But... Uh... You've hit a dead end.

If you want to use this site, Google how to enable JavaScript in your browser.


Our first meet up at the Kazama Noodle Shop. Nothing special besides how much we talked on that day. Still, we were just friends.
Hannah wanted to go on hiking. Be careful with what you wished for. But she did surprise me with how fit she was. We finished John A. Latsch State Park. Garvin Height, and few White Water State Parks.
With the help of our parents, we celebrated our Engagement Ceremony in the traditional way. New chapter starts here.
Who doesn't like having a Wedding Ceremony on the Valentine Day?


Let us acknowledge that we live in challenging times. Declining health, global inequality, and climate change are just a few of the challenges we face today. Core to the problem is increasing disconnection from our bodies, one another, and our Earth.
In truth, the cure is within us. We create a more beautiful, loving world for us and our children every time we choose love and connection over separation. We believe that sharing freely within our local communities is one such choice. With each item, service, or experience we share, we tap into a collective abundance that enables all of us to thrive.
We invite you to choose love. Join us in our movement to bring people together through sharing.
We believe in a world where everyone has access to everything they need to thrive. To be this change, we're creating technology to facilitate sharing within and between local communities. We aspire to create online and offline spaces where we can all:
Ali Rosenthal
Ashur Bratt
Becca Jones
Jessie Jess >
Kathleen Kowal
Kurt Varner
Laura Bea
Maneesh Apte
Manjit Mangat
Megan Zoback
Mother Ocean
Roli Saxena
Saad Khan
Sameep Mangat
Sierra Clark
Tabreez Verjee
Tony Wang
Xuezhao Lan


What is SHPE?
What does SHPE @ UCR do?
Is there a fee to join SHPE @ UCR?
Do I have to be part of BCOE to join SHPE @ UCR?
Can SHPE @ UCR help me with Academics?
Can SHPE @ UCR help me with professional sills?
Does SHPE @ UCR offer stoles for members when they graduate?
Can I join more than one organization, concurrently, if I join SHPE @ UCR?
Do I have to be of Hispanic descent in order to join SHPE @ UCR?
What are the qualifications to run for a position in SHPE?
Do I have to be a part of SHPE in order to help out/participate in events?
How do I become a member of SHPE @ UCR?
How do I become a national member?
Who is the leadership and how may I contact them?
How do I get my information placed on the website?
If I wanted to make a contribution to help the organization, how can I?
What does PDF stand for and what is it?
What is Noche de Ciencias?
What is Dia de Ciencias?
Where can I find information about all the committees and their roles in SHPE @ UCR?
How can I get more involved with SHPE @ UCR?
What are sticker cards?
How can I get a new sticker card?
Will there be a more secure approach to the sticker card method that I can opt for instead?
Do I have to be a certain major in order to join certain things in SHPE @ UCR?
Do I have to speak Spanish in order to join SHPE @ UCR?
Where do I go to purchase gear?


AppConfig
core
Setting the application where the main module is named, defined dependencies and distributed a method to add other modules.
Method used to automate the inclusion of other modules to the main application module.
New module name to be added.
List of dependencies of the new module.
Name of the application's main module.
List of dependencies of the main module.


Todos
Walk Chickens
Clean Out Coop
Collect Chicken Eggs
Incubate Chicken Eggs
Hatch New Chickens!
Clear List
Add Todo


This documentation is for version 4 of the Linode API. For earlier versions, go here.
The Linode API is an HTTP service that follows (to a large extent) REST style. Resources (like Linodes) have predictable, sane URLs that use standard HTTP methods to manipulate and return standard HTTP status codes to tell you how it went.
All API endpoints (starting from version 4) are located at
https://{{ site.api_root }}/{{ site.api_version }}/*
. Occasionally we will add
features and improvements to our API - only certain changes will trigger a
version bump:
Notably, the addition of new API endpoints and new properties on JSON blobs does not imply a new version number.
The API exposes resources through various HTTP endpoints. You work with these resources through consistent use of HTTP verbs and a consistent tree of endpoints. The schema for the various resources available is documented in the objects section.
To use some API endpoints authentication is required. This is indicated by the Authenticated notation throughout the documentation. We use the basic OAuth workflow were you can create applications that integrate with Linode by registering those applications with us. You then use OAuth to authenticate on behalf of the user to request access to resources from their account.
To register your application go to {{ site.login_root }}/apps. We'll provide you with a client ID and a client secret. You'll have to keep the client secret private, but the client ID can be shared.
In the OAuth workflow it is a two step process to authenticate a user before you can start making API calls. You will first need to request an access code that can then be exchanged for an authorization token. To aid as many application developers as possible with their design we provide two methods for requesting an access code.
If you are making a web based application this is the recommended method for getting a user's authorization. When you want a user to log into your service, you can direct them to a URL similar to this:
https://{{ site.login_root }}/oauth/authorize?client_id=client_id
The user logs in to Linode and is presented the scope levels your application is requesting. Once the user accepts your request for access, we redirect them back to you with an access code. You may then exchange the access code for an authorization token.
There are additional parameters that you can supply in the query string of the above request. If you provided a redirect_uri when you sent the user to {{ site.login_root }}, they will be redirected to that URI. Otherwise, the default redirect URI associated with your OAuth client application will be used.
When the user is redirected, several parameters will be added to the query string:
code
, username
, email
, and state
.
The last parameter will match the state you gave us at the start of the flow. This allows you to ensure
that the OAuth flow was initiated by your application, rather than by someone manually navigating to
{{ site.login_root }} with your client_id
. The username and email are just for convenience.
The important parameter is the code, this is the access code you need to continue the OAuth flow.
You can include the following parameters in the query string when you direct your users to {{ site.login_root }}:
| Parameter | Description |
|---|---|
| client_id | Required. Your application's client ID. |
| scopes | A comma-delimited list of OAuth scopes you need. |
| redirect_uri | Where to redirect the user after login. If provided, the redirect URI you registered your application with should match the start of this string. If you registered your app with http://example.org as the redirect URI, then this parameter must start with "http://example.org". |
| state | An arbitrary token that will be returned to you at the end of the process. |
Once the user has logged in to Linode and you have received an access code, you will need to exchange that access code for an Authorization token. You do this by making the following HTTP request:
POST https://{{ site.login_root }}/oauth/token
Make this request as application/x-www-form-urlencoded
or
as multipart/form-data
and include the following parameters
in the POST body:
You'll get a response like this:
{
"scopes": "linodes:create",
"access_token": "03d084436a6c91fbafd5c4b20c82e5056a2e9ce1635920c30dc8d81dc7a6665c"
}
Note that we include the scopes here. In the future, we may change the
login flow to allow the user to deny access to specific scopes. You
should consider this list of scopes returned in the response as the final
level granted as it may be different than the ones you asked for. Also
included is the actual access_token
. With this token, you
can proceed to make authenticated HTTP requests with the API by adding
this header to each request:
Authorization: token 03d084436a6c91fbafd5c4b20c82e5056a2e9ce1635920c30dc8d81dc7a6665c
The above login flow will give you the minimum amount of access to a user's account.
That is, you are only allowed to see their username and email address. If you
want more access, you need to add OAuth scopes to the query string.
An OAuth scope defines the level of access your OAuth token will receive.
You can request a comma-delimited list of scopes by adding scopes=a,b,c
to the query string of the {{ site.login_root }}
URL.
A scope takes the form of resource:access
, where the
access to that particular resource is limited
by the level the user grants to your application.
You may request the following levels of access for any given resource:
In addition to the level of access you request,
you will be granted each access level below it. For example, requesting
modify access will also grant you view access, and requesting delete
access will grant you full access to that resource (resource:*
has the same effect).
Each API endpoint documented on this page includes the OAuth scope necessary
to use that resource. It will look like this:
linodes:view.
You may also request *
to get full access to a user's account,
but this is highly discouraged. You should do your best to request the least amount
of access needed for your application to function.
There are generally two kinds of resources you can retrieve with a GET
request: objects and lists. An object is a representation of an individual resource.
It has an ID that can be used to retrieve it directly. A list is a collection of objects.
You'll generally find lists of objects at /:type
, and an individual object
at /:type/:id
.
Some objects contain lists of other objects, which you can get at /:type/:id/:subtype
.
You can get an individual sub-object at /:type/:id/:subtype/:id
.
For example, you can list your Linodes at /linodes
, and get
a specific Linode with /linodes/linode_1234
. You can get the configs
for this Linode from /linodes/linode_1234/configs
.
Resource lists are always paginated. The response will look similar to this:
{
"linodes": [ ... ],
"page": 1,
"total_pages": 10,
"total_results": 248
}
Pages start at 1. You may get a particular page by adding ?page=2
to your URL. Each page has at most 25 results.
Some resource objects may be modified, however, these objects contain both mutable and immutable properties. The properties that are mutable in an object are indicated in the objects reference section, with this indicator: Editable.
To edit these objects, you can perform a PUT
request against
the resource whose body is the updated JSON. You can omit any of the fields or
include fields you are not permitted to edit, however, changes to the latter will
be ignored.
This makes it simple for you to GET
a resource, change a property in
the JSON that is returned, and then PUT
that JSON back to the same URL
to update the object.
Resource lists are searchable by most fields they include (filterable fields are marked with a icon in the object reference).
Filters are passed in the X-Filter
header, and are formated as JSON objects. Here is a
request for all distributions whose vendor is "Debian":
curl "https://{{ site.api_root }}/{{ site.api_version }}/distributions" \
-H 'X-Filter: {
"vendor": "Debian"
}'
curl "https://{{ site.api_root }}/{{ site.api_version }}/distributions" \
-H 'X-Filter: {
"vendor": "Debian",
"recommended": true
}'
curl "https://{{ site.api_root }}/{{ site.api_version }}/distributions" \
-H 'X-Filter: {
"+or": [
{ "vendor": "Debian" },
{ "recommended": true }
]
}'
Each filter in the +or
array is its own filter object, and all conditions in it are combined with an "and" operator
as they were in the first example. Other operators are available:
curl "https://{{ site.api_root }}/{{ site.api_version }}/distributions" \
-H 'X-Filter: {
"minimum_image_size": {
"+lte": 500
}
}'
You can combine and nest operators to construct arbitrarily-complex queries - say, give me all distributions which are either recommended or whose vendor is Debian, or who have a minimum_image_size between 100 and 500 (inclusive).
Below is a list of all available operators. Operators are keys of a Filter JSON object, their value must be of the appropriate type, and they are evaluated as described below.
| +and | array | All conditions must be true |
| +or | array | One condition must be true. |
| +gt | number | Value must be greater than number |
| +gte | number | Value must be greater than or equal to that number |
| +lt | number | Value must be less than number |
| +lte | number | Value must be less than or equal to that number |
| +contains | string | Given string must be in the value |
curl "https://{{ site.api_root }}/{{ site.api_version }}/distributions" \
-H 'X-Filter: {
"+or": [
{
"+or": [
{
"vendor": "Debian"
},
{
"recommended": true
}
]
},
{
"+and": [
{
"minimum_image_size": {
"+lte": 500
}
},
{
"minimum_image_size": {
"+gte": 100
}
}
]
}
]
}'
Success is indicated via
standard HTTP status codes
. Generally speaking, 2xx
codes indicate success,
4xx
codes indicate an error on your side, and
5xx
codes indicate an error on our side. An error on your
side might be an invalid input, a required parameter being omitted, and
so on. Errors on our side are not going to happen often and we're
probably going to be running around with our hair on fire if you ever
see them.
Every request that returns errors will look something like this:
{
"errors": [
{
"field": "datacenter",
"reason": "Record not found"
}
]
}
The errors
field is an array of the things that went
wrong with your request. We will try to include as many of the
problems in the response as possible, but it's possible that fixing
these errors and resubmitting may result in new errors coming back
once we are able to get further along in the process of handling
your request.
Within each error object, the field
parameter will be
included if the error pertains to a specific field in the JSON
you've submitted. This will be omitted if there is no relevant
field. The reason
is a human-readable reason for the
error, and will always be included.
| 200 OK | The request was successful |
| 400 Bad Request | You submitted an invalid request (missing parameters, etc) |
| 401 Unauthorized | You failed to authenticate for this resource. |
| 403 Forbidden | You are authenticated, but don't have permission to do this. |
| 404 Not Found | The resource you're asking for does not exist. |
| 420 Enhance Your Calm | You've hit some sort of rate limit. |
| 500 Internal Server Error | We screwed up. Let support know (we probably already know). |


A brief interlude on how to communicate error conditions from C code to Python.
These CPython calls are the most useful:
Indicating an error condition is a two stage process; your code must register an exception and then indicate failure by returning NULL. Here is a C function doing just that:
static PyObject *_raise_error(PyObject *module) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "Ooops.");
return NULL;
}
You might want some dynamic information in the exception object, in that case PyErr_Format will do:
static PyObject *_raise_error_formatted(PyObject *module) {
PyErr_Format(PyExc_ValueError,
"Can not read %d bytes when offset %d in byte length %d.", \
12, 25, 32
);
return NULL;
}
If one of the two actions is missing then the exception will not be raised correctly. For example returning NULL without setting an exception type:
/* Illustrate returning NULL but not setting an exception. */
static PyObject *_raise_error_bad(PyObject *module) {
return NULL;
}
Executing this from Python will produce a clear error message (the C function _raise_error_bad() is mapped to the Python function cExcep.raiseErrBad()
>>> cExcep.raiseErrBad()
Traceback (most recent call last):
File "<stdin>", line 1, in <module>
SystemError: error return without exception set
If the opposite error is made, that is setting an exception but not signalling then the function will succeed but leave a later runtime error:
static PyObject *_raise_error_mixup(PyObject *module) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "ERROR: _raise_error_mixup()");
Py_RETURN_NONE;
}
The confusion can arise is that if a subsequent function then tests to see if an exception is set, if so signal it. It will appear that the error is coming from the second function when actually it is from the first:
static PyObject *_raise_error_mixup_test(PyObject *module) {
if (PyErr_Occurred()) {
return NULL;
}
Py_RETURN_NONE;
}
The other thing to note is that if there are multiple calls to PyErr_SetString only the last one counts:
static PyObject *_raise_error_overwrite(PyObject *module) {
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_RuntimeError, "FORGOTTEN.");
PyErr_SetString(PyExc_ValueError, "ERROR: _raise_error_overwrite()");
assert(PyErr_Occurred());
return NULL;
}


Hey there, I'm Ricardo
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Hi! my name is Ricardo Masian Jr. I'm an aspiring web developer, currently working on completing my freeCodeCamp journey. To be more active, i take the #100DaysOfCode challenge.
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No. of simulations:
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[Field n x n]
Sample interval:
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[iterations]
Probabilities:
0.3
0.7


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Kqueue
public struct Kqueue: FileDescriptor
Darwin only.  See kqueue(2).
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The file descriptor of this kqueue instance.
Declaration
Swift
public let fileDescriptor: Int32
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Creates a kqueue instance.
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public init() throws
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Polls for and returns available events in
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are first added, updated or removed as requested by the event’s flags. The call blocks if no events are immediately available. If timeout is set, unblocks after this delay if no events are available. Returns the number of events available. No more thanevents.count
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Releases the resources for this file descriptor.
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public func close() throws


Toolbox Alpert Transform - A toolbox to perform the Fast Multiwavelet Alpert Transform
Copyright (c) 2008 Gabriel Peyre
Contents
The toolbox can be downloaded from Matlab Central http://www.mathworks.com/matlabcentral/fileexchange/loadFile.do?objectId=5643&objectType=FILE
Setting-up the path and compiling the mex files.
We add some directories to the path.
path(path, 'toolbox/');
Introduction to the Alpert Multiwavelets
The Alpert transform is a multiwavelets transform based on orthogonal polynomials. It was originally designed for the resolution of partial differential and integral equations, since it avoids boundary artifact and can be used with an arbitrary sampling.
The reference for the numerical algorithm:
- Bradley K. Alpert, Wavelets and Other Bases for Fast Numerical Linear Algebra, in Wavelets: A Tutorial in Theory and Applications, C. K. Chui, editor, Academic Press, New York, 1992.
And more theoretical (continuous setting):
- B.K. Alpert, A class of bases in L^2 for the sparse representatiion of integral operators, in SIAM J. Math. Anal., 24 (1993), 246-262.
The strengh of this transform is that you can transform data sampled irregularly. Of course this algorithm runs in linear time, i.e. O(n). The use of multiwavelets remove any boundary artifact (which are common with wavelet of support > 1, e.g. Daubechies wavelets), but the price to pay is that the wavelets functions are not continuous, they look like the Haar basis functions. So do not use this transform to compress data that will be seen by human eyes (although the reconstruction error can be very low, the reconstructed function can have some ugly steps-like artifacts).
In this toolbox, you can transform a signal (1D, 2D, nD) with arbitrary length and arbitrary sampling (you must each time provide sampling locations in a parameter pos).
The number of vanishing moments (which is also the degree of the polynomial approximation+1) is set via the parameter 'k' (default=3). You can provide different numbers of vanishing moments for X and Y axis, using k=[kx,ky] (default k=[3,3]).
Dichotomic Grouping Functions: All the transforms require to recursively split the data. For each transform a default splitting rule is used, but you can provide your own partition via a parameter part. The way you split the data (isotropicaly, using a prefered direction, etc) will lead to various behaviour for the transform (of course this is relevant for 2D transform only, since the splitting rule in 1D is always the same). The function to perform an automatic grouping is 'dichotomic_grouping' (it can provide orthogonal split along the axis or isotropic using k-means).
1D Alper transform at regularly sampled locations
The Alpert transform act just like a traditional wavelet transform (see my Wavelets Toolbox for more details). It is an orthogonal transform, which wavelet of minimal support (just like the haar transform) and with as many vanishing moments as desired. The transform algorithm is O(n), which is similar to the traditional wavelet transform. The main drawback is that the basis wavelet functions are not regular, which might lead to visually deapleasant artifacts after approximation or compression of the signal.
We first load a signal
n = 512;
f = rescale( load_signal('Piece-Regular',n) );
Then we perform the forward transform.
% sampling location x = (0:n-1)/n; % number of vanishing moments k = 4; [fw,info] = perform_alpert_transform_1d(f, x, k, +1);
To perform approximation, we discard the smallest amplitude coefficients, and then reconstruct.
fwT = keep_biggest(fw, round(.1*n) ); f1 = perform_alpert_transform_1d(fwT, x, k, -1);
For the display, we reverse the coefficients using fw(end:-1:1), so that coarse scale coefficients are located on the left. Each vertical red dashed line is the separation between two wavelet scales.
clf; subplot(3,1,1); plot(f); axis tight; title('Signal'); subplot(3,1,2); plot_wavelet(fw(end:-1:1), 1); axis([1 n -.3 .3]); title('Coefficients'); subplot(3,1,3); plot(f1); axis tight; title('Approximated');
You can display the Alpert basis vectors by taking the inverse transform of a dirac. For each scale and each positon, there are k Alpert wavelets, this is why this basis is called a multiwavelet basis.
jlist = [2 3 4]; klist = 1:k; clf; for a=1:length(jlist) f = zeros(n,k); lgd = {}; for b=1:length(klist) % construct a diract at the correct location t = klist(b); j = jlist(a); lgd{end+1} = ['k=' num2str(t)]; fw = zeros(n,1); I = find( info.l==j & info.k==t ); fw(I(round(length(I)/2))) = 1; % inverse transform f(:,b) = perform_alpert_transform_1d(fw, x, k, -1); end % display subplot( length(jlist), 1, a); plot(f); axis tight; title(['j=' num2str(j)]); legend(lgd) end
1D Alpert transform on irrregular samples
The Alpert transform can be used to process signal irregularely sampled. The vectors keep their properties (minimal support, vanishing moments, orthogonality) even on this setting, which is a major advantage of this transform, and makes it unique among wavelet transform.
% generate regular and random sampling xreg = (0:n-1)/n; xireg = rand(n,1).^3; xireg = sort(rescale(xireg)); % generate a piecewise smooth signal for this sampling f = mod(xireg.^2,.2); k = 3; % number of VM fw0 = perform_alpert_transform_1d(f, xreg, k, +1); fw1 = perform_alpert_transform_1d(f, xireg, k, +1);
A comparison of the coefficients with correct and wrong sampling reveals that the coefficients with correct sampling are zero away from singularities. This is because f is a piecewise second degree polynomial, and the Alpert basis has 3 vanishing moments.
clf; eta = .15; subplot(3,1,1); plot(xireg, f, '.-'); axis tight; title('Signal and sampling'); subplot(3,1,2); plot_wavelet(fw0(end:-1:1),1); axis([1 n -eta eta]); title('Coefficient with (wrong) uniform sampling'); subplot(3,1,3); plot_wavelet(fw1(end:-1:1),1); axis([1 n -eta eta]); title('Coefficient with (correct) non-uniform sampling');
2D Alpert transform
Use function perform_alpert_transform_2d. The default spliting rule for this transform use the X axis (but you can change). So by default, it is not a fully 2D wavelet construction (the transform is pyramidal only on 1 dimension, on the other this is just a fixed polynomial basis with a given number of slices). But if you provide your own subdivision (via parameters part for user-defined or part_type for automatic) then the transform can become isotropic (for example set part_type='kmeans').
Generate a random 2D sampling
n = 20000; pos = rand(2,n);
Compute a 2D signal by evaluating Lena image at the sampling locations
n0 = 256;
M = load_image('lena');
M = rescale(crop(M,n0));
x = linspace(0,1,n0);
[X,Y] = meshgrid(x,x);
f = interp2(X,Y,M,pos(2,:),pos(1,:));
Display the image, its non-uniform sampling, and the linear interpolation.
% linear interpolation F = griddata(pos(2,:),pos(1,:),f, X,Y); % display clf; subplot(1,2,1); hold on; imagesc(x,x,M); axis image; axis off; axis ij; title('Image and sampling (sub-set)'); plot(pos(1,1:1000),pos(2,1:1000), 'r.'); hold off; subplot(1,2,2); imageplot(F, 'Interpolated');
Compute the 2D Alpert transform.
k = [2 2]; % vanishing moments options.part_type = '2axis'; % partitionning type [fw,info] = perform_alpert_transform_2d(f, pos, k, +1, options);
Approximate the coefficients by thresholding, and display on a regular grid the data using interpolation.
% approximate fwT = keep_biggest(fw, round(.1*n) ); % inverse transform [f1,info] = perform_alpert_transform_2d(fwT, pos, k, -1, options); % interpolate F1 = griddata(pos(2,:),pos(1,:),f1,X,Y); % display clf; imageplot({F clamp(F1)}, {'Original' 'Approximated'});
nD and more exotic transforms
Use the function 'perform_alpert_transform_nd' to transform data in arbitrary dimension. The clustering uses function 'dichotomic_grouping'. This transform can also be used to transform data lying on a manifold embedded in R^d. For instance, the function 'test_spherical' gives an example which transform data lying on a sphere.
We first make a random sampling on the sphere and compute a function defined on this sampling.
n = 2048;
k = 3;
pos = randn(3,n);
pos = pos ./ repmat( sqrt(sum(pos.^2,1)), [3 1]);
f = rescale( pos(1,:).^2 - pos(2,:).*pos(3,:) );
f = cos(10*f(:));
% add a discontinuity to make the approximation problem harder
f = rescale(f - rescale(pos(3,:)'>0) );
Then we perform iterative clustering to define hierachical sets of embedded points on the sphere.
clear options; options.ptmax = k^2; options.part_type = 'kmeans'; [part,B,G] = dichotomic_grouping(pos,options); % display clf; subplot(1,2,1); plot_spherical_partition(pos,part); title('Clustering of sampling locations'); subplot(1,2,2); plot_spherical_function(pos,f); title('Function to transform (interpolated)');
Now we can perform the Alpert transform of the function using this specific spherical sampling.
[fw,info,part] = perform_alpert_transform_nd(f, pos, k, 1, options);
Approximation is perform by simply thresholding the set of coefficients to keep only largest amplitude coefficients.
fwT = keep_biggest(fw, round(n*.08)); options.part = part; f1 = perform_alpert_transform_nd(fwT,pos,k, -1,options);
At last we can display the approximated function. Since the original function is smooth, the approximation produces a small error.
clf; subplot(1,2,1); plot_spherical_function(pos,f); title('Original signal'); subplot(1,2,2); plot_spherical_function(pos,f1); title('Approximated signal');
Other features of the toolbox
The toolbox implements several other features, among which:
- Functions build_alpert_matrix and build_alpert_matrix_2d to build the transformation matrix, but these are quite slow.
- Sliced 2D transforms
A sliced tranform is implemented in function perform_alpert_transform_2d_sliced. It divides the points into s slices and perform a 2D transform on each slice. You have to provide a number of slices, which fixes the resolution on the Y axis (as if you were decomposing the function on a wavelet basis for the X direction, and on a box spline basis for the Y direction). This is not very usefull unless you want to set a given resolution on the X axis.