Intro
Part II of our adventure to warehouse a subset of DBbSNP’s JSON data picks up where Part I left off.
Now that we have our database and chromosome 1 file readily available, let’s work to stream and parse each line of refsnp-chr1.json.gz, in preparation for database insertion.
Obtaining a File Handle
Typically in Python we would open our file as follows:
with open(dbsnp_filename) as fp:
# Do stuff with fp here
However have a slight wrinkle here: we need to decompress our gzipped data. Conveniently, we can leverage the gzip
package as follows:
with gzip.open(dbsnp_filname) as gzip_fp:
# Do stuff here
Credit to Joe Jevnik for pointing out the (now obvious) step of decompressing after loading from disk, rather than decompressing the entire file before iteration
SnipLoader Class
Let’s start by creating a simple class called SnipLoader
to place all of our methods and attributes under one roof:
class SnipLoader:
def __init__(self, database_name):
self.database_name = database_name
self.file_blocksize = 1024 **2
Top-level File Iteration
Let’s introduce 2 methods:
_generate_parsed_data(self, raw_line: str) -> RefSnpCopyFromData:
- args: Takes a
raw_line
the JSON text from our file. - returns: An object of type
RefSnpCopyFromData
, holding parsed data we care about (defined in Part I)
- args: Takes a
_load(self, parsed_data_iter: Iterator[RefSnpCopyFromData]) -> None
- args: Takes an
Iterator
that yields aRefSnpCopyFromData
object at each iteration. - side effects: Accumulates each iteration, and efficiently inserts the data into our database.
- args: Takes an
We tie these 2 ideas together to get our top-level, public API method load_ref_snps()
:
def load_ref_snps(self, dbsnp_filename, chromosome):
self.chromosome = chromosome
with gzip.open(dbsnp_filename) as gzip_fp:
self._load((self._generate_parsed_data(line)
for line in gzip_fp))
Note: We create an iterator out of our
generate_parsed_data(raw_line)
method and ourgzip_fp
file handle using the(func(item) for item in iter)
generator-comprehension syntax above, which produces a generator.
DbSNP’s JSON Schema
When implementing generate_parsed_data(raw_line)
, we need to know the JSON schema of each object. There are some schema details buried here in the Variation Services API, but with JSON, I always find it easier to view the data directly.
For brevity’s sake, here is the top-level of our JSON object (that we care about):
Github Link to Sample RefSNP JSON
{
"refsnp_id": "242",
...,
"primary_snapshot_data": {
"placements_with_allele": [
{
"placement_annot": {
"seq_id_traits_by_assembly": [
{
"assembly_name": "GRCh38.p7",
...
}
],
...
},
"alleles": [...],
...
},
{ /* More placements here*/ }
],
"allele_annotations": [
/* One allele_annotation per allele above */
]
}
}
In generate_parsed_data(raw_line)
, our first line of code should parse the JSON string into a dict:
rsnp_json = json.loads(raw_line)
We use this object moving forward to parse out data.
Finding Alleles from a Specific Assembly Genome
We want to first find the placement
that corresponds to our target assembly_name
, which in my specific case is GRCh38
(this is what 23&Me uses in their current pipeline). The most recent build is GRCh38.p12
.
An assembly
is short for an assembly genome
, which is the best representation of the typical human genome, and we use this as a point of reference for detecting variations.
@staticmethod
def _find_alleles_from_assembly(rsnp_placements,
assembly_name="GRCh38"):
for rsnp_placement in rsnp_placements:
annot = rsnp_placement.get('placement_annot')
if not annot or not annot.get('seq_id_traits_by_assembly'):
return
assembly_info_ls = annot['seq_id_traits_by_assembly']
assembly_info = assembly_info_ls[0]
this_assembly_name = assembly_info.get("assembly_name")
if assembly_name in this_assembly_name:
return rsnp_placement['alleles']
rsnp_placements = rsnp_json['primary_snapshot_data']
'placements_with_allele']
alleles = _find_alleles_from_assembly(rsnp_placements)
This gives us all alleles, or “gene variant”, at that specific RefSNP. Our goal is to find alleles which differ from our assembly genome.
Find Variant Alleles for RefSNP
To find our variant alleles, we need to look at one level deeper in our JSON schema to see how they are represented:
"alleles": [
{
"allele": {
"spdi": {
"seq_id": "NC_000001.11",
"position": 20542967,
"deleted_sequence": "T",
"inserted_sequence": "T"
}
},
"hgvs": "NC_000001.11:g.20542968T="
},
{
"allele": {
"spdi": {
"seq_id": "NC_000001.11",
"position": 20542967,
"deleted_sequence": "T",
"inserted_sequence": ""
}
},
"hgvs": "NC_000001.11:g.20542968delT"
}
]
Above, we see two alleles of a gene, at a single position where a SNP occurs (by definition, in more than 1% of the population). The first allele is the non-variant. We know this because the deleted_sequence
== inserted_sequence
.
The second is allele, is a variant. Specifically, it is a deletion SNP, where a base-pair is deleted from a gene.
We only want to grab variants, like the second allele, and we do so with the following simple logic:
@staticmethod
def _get_variant_alleles(chromosome, alleles,
ref_snp_id) -> List[RefSnpAllele]:
variant_alleles = []
for idx, allele in enumerate(alleles):
spdi = allele['allele']['spdi']
ins, delete = spdi['inserted_sequence'], spdi['deleted_sequence']
if ins != delete:
variant_alleles.append(RefSnpAllele(
ins_seq=ins,
del_seq=delete,
position=spdi['position'],
ref_snp_allele_idx=idx,
chromosome=chromosome,
ref_snp_id=ref_snp_id,
gene_locii=None))
return variant_alleles
Note: We are returning data from the method above using our
RefSnpAllele
Data Transfer Object, defined in Part I, for readability, and error prevention! We continue to shuttle data following the same pattern, in methods below, leveraging our otherDTOs
.
Parse Frequency Studies, Clinical Diseases, and Gene Locii
In our top-level JSON object we had a key named allele_annotations
. This key maps to a list, with 1 element per allele
found our previous section above.
While not made obvious by documentation, the allele_annotations
and alleles
share a common index. Since we had 2 alleles above (1 variant, 1 non-variant), we’d expect 2 annotations in our JSON.
Let’s take a look at the JSON fields (that we care about), only considering the variant allele, again, for brevity’s sake.
{
"frequency": [
{
"study_name": "1000Genomes",
...
"allele_count": 257,
"total_count": 5008,
}
],
"clinical": [
{
"disease_names": [
"Alzheimer's"
],
...,
"clinical_significances": [
/* These are ClinVar Enumerated types */
"likely-benign"
],
"citations": [12345], /* These are Pubmed IDs */
}
],
"assembly_annotation": [
{
...,
"genes": [
{
"locus": "ASH1L",
"orientation": "minus"
}
]
}
]
}
We can first parse out Frequency Study information as follows:
@staticmethod
def _parse_freq_studies(allele_annotation,
ref_snp_id,
allele_idx) -> List[RefSnpAlleleFreqStudy]:
return [RefSnpAlleleFreqStudy(
name=freq['study_name'],
allele_count=freq['allele_count'],
total_count=freq['total_count'],
ref_snp_allele_idx=allele_idx,
ref_snp_id=ref_snp_id)
for freq in allele_annotation['frequency'] or []]
After these, we can grab the ClinVar (clincial disease) data. ClinVar data includes PubMed Citation IDs, Disease Names, and Clinical Signifiance
, which takes 1 of the following values:
- not_provided
- pathogenic
- likely_pathogenic
- benign
- likely_benign
- drug_response
- confers_sensitivity
- risk_factor
- association
- protective
- conflicting_interpretations_of_pathogenicity
- uncertain_significance
- affects
- association_not_found
- other
@staticmethod
def _parse_clin_diseases(self, allele_annotation,
ref_snp_id,
allele_idx) -> List[
RefSnpAlleleClinDisease]:
return [RefSnpAlleleClinDisease(
citation_list=clin['citations'],
disease_name_csv=",".join(clin['disease_names']),
clinical_significance_csv=",".join(
clin['clinical_significances']),
ref_snp_allele_idx=allele_idx,
ref_snp_id=ref_snp_id)
for clin in allele_annotation['clinical']]
Finally, let’s grab the locii of all genes that this SNP has an effect on.
Note: I am still unsure why there are “multiple genes” per Allele Annotation. My current theory is that NCBI is including effects of this gene being altered on a gene downstream in some network/pathway. If anyone has any insight, please send me an email
@staticmethod
def _parse_gene_locii(allele_annotation) -> List[str]:
assembly_annotation = allele_annotation[
'assembly_annotation']
return set(
[gene['locus'] for gene in
(assembly_annotation[0]['genes']
if assembly_annotation else [])])
Gathering Data for Insert
We want to put this all together into a function which returns a RefSnpCopyFromData
object. This houses all data pertaining to a single RefSNP that is to be inserted into our database:
The last two functions look like this:
def _generate_parsed_data(self, raw_line) -> RefSnpCopyFromData:
rsnp_json = json.loads(raw_line)
ref_snp_id = int(rsnp_json['refsnp_id'])
rsnp_placements = rsnp_json['primary_snapshot_data'][
'placements_with_allele']
copy_from_data = RefSnpCopyFromData(
ref_snp_alleles=[],
ref_snp_allele_freq_studies=[],
ref_snp_allele_clin_diseases=[])
if not rsnp_placements:
return copy_from_data
allele_data = self._find_alleles_from_assembly(rsnp_placements)
if not allele_data:
return copy_from_data
variant_ref_snp_alleles = self._get_variant_alleles(
self.chromosome,
allele_data,
ref_snp_id)
if not variant_ref_snp_alleles:
return copy_from_data
for allele in variant_ref_snp_alleles:
allele_idx = allele.ref_snp_allele_idx
allele_annotation = rsnp_json['primary_snapshot_data'][
'allele_annotations'][allele_idx]
gene_locii = self._parse_gene_locii(allele_annotation)
freq_studies = self._parse_freq_studies(allele_annotation,
ref_snp_id,
allele_idx)
clin_diseases = self._parse_clin_diseases(allele_annotation,
ref_snp_id,
allele_idx)
copy_from_data = self._update_copy_from_data(
copy_from_data, allele, freq_studies,
clin_diseases, gene_locii)
return copy_from_data
And…
@staticmethod
def _update_copy_from_data(copy_from_data: RefSnpCopyFromData,
allele: RefSnpAllele,
freq_studies: List[
RefSnpAlleleFreqStudy],
clin_diseases: List[
RefSnpAlleleClinDisease],
gene_locii: List[str]):
copy_from_data.ref_snp_alleles.append(
RefSnpAllele(
del_seq=allele.del_seq,
ins_seq=allele.ins_seq,
position=allele.position,
ref_snp_allele_idx=allele.ref_snp_allele_idx,
chromosome=allele.chromosome,
ref_snp_id=allele.ref_snp_id,
gene_locii=gene_locii))
copy_from_data.ref_snp_allele_freq_studies.extend(
freq_studies)
copy_from_data.ref_snp_allele_clin_diseases.extend(
clin_diseases)
return copy_from_data
Note: We leverage
@staticmethod
decorators in almost all of the methods above. Static methods do NOT have access to the object’s internal state (hence why theself
parameter is gone), and therefore have no side-effects. Since these are now explicitly pure functions, they are extremely easy to test, and read.
Woah. That’s a good chunk of code for 1 post. Let’s get to our final destination: Inserting our DbSNP data efficiently into PostgreSQL.


RSI? Or just not enough climbing?
I basically haven't climbed all summer, except for a day or two in July, so I'm wondering if that has something to do with the discomfort I'm feeling in my forearms these days.
I've also been more active on a keyboard, both the happy hacking, and my vaio laptop at home. It doesn't help that the ergonomics at work are only alright.
Anyways, I've found two little utilities that are helpful and free.
- As in beer: Oostime. A simple no-frills tiny program that stops all input on windows
- As in beer, and speech: WorkRave. A GTK app ported to windows with lots of configurability, statistics, built-in exercise demos, and even supports distributed use. And I think it was written by programmers, as it has a postpone button. Really important so you can kick off a build before you lock yourself out. (Is it just me, or could it also be wor-krave?)
Of course, the next step is to see if starting climbing again helps.
About this entry
You"re currently reading "RSI? Or just not enough climbing?," an entry on a crick in the net
- Published:
- 09.01.05 / 1pm
- Category:
- Code Geekery, Gadget-o-rama, Gravity


Load PCAP
Assets
Oxygen (O)
Nitrogen (N)
Data
Chlorine (Cl)
Bromine (Br)
Iodine (I)
Fluorine (F)
Network Layout
Single Bond
Double Bond
Triple Bond


- 16 Sep 2015 Android FlowLayout Implementation
- 02 Sep 2015 Android Design Support Library Practice
- 31 Aug 2015 First Blog
- 12 Jun 2014 Fir
- 01 May 2014 The Pragmatic Programmer Checklist
- 26 Feb 2014 Simple State Machine Framework in c#
- 15 Feb 2014 Setup A Local Gitignore Without Messing Up Project
- 14 Feb 2014 How To Use Facebook Page Albums As Image Source in Django
- 12 Jan 2014 Music, Movies and Life
- 01 Jan 2014 Happy New Year 2014
- 07 May 2013 Scribble, a Jekyll theme
- 06 May 2013 Placeholder post


The library is succinctly implemented in one header file requiring only that
Boost.Function,
and a small subset of Boost.TypeTraits
are available. This library also requires the Boost.Preprocessor
library if in case you don't want to get the preprocessed header file. The
library is configured by default to handle overloads with 10 unique signatures
and can be configured to support more by changing the BOOST_OVERLOAD_LIMIT
macro when building the application that uses Boost.Overload.
In accordance with the C++11 ISO standard, we provide the following definitions.
Deﬁne INVOKE (f, t1, t2, ..., tN)
as
follows:
(t1.*f)(t2, ..., tN)
when f
is a pointer
to a member function of a class T
and t1
is an object
of type T
or a reference
to an object of type T
or a reference to an object of a type derived from T
;
((*t1).*f)(t2, ..., tN)
when f
is a pointer
to a member function of a class T
and t1
is not one of
the types described in the previous item;
t1.*f
when N
== 1
and f
is a pointer
to member data of a class T
and t1
is an object
of type T
or a reference
to an object of type T
or a reference to an object of a type derived from T
;
(*t1).*f
when N ==
1
and f
is a pointer to member data of a class T
and t1
is not one of
the types described in the previous item;
f(t1, t2, ..., tN)
in all other cases.
A function object type is an object type that can be the type of the expression preceding the parenthesis in a function call. A function object is an object of function object type. A function object type that is also of class type must expose a public function call operator.
A call signature is the name of the expression R (A1,A2,...,AN)
where
R,
A1,A2,...,AN
are types. Two call signatures are
regarded as equal iff the ordered N-upla A1,A2,...,AN
of one call signature match exactly the N-upla of the other one. A call
signature S1:=R1 (A1,...,AN)
is
compatible with a call signature S2:=R2 (B1,...,BM)
if
we have N ==
M
, Bi
is implicitly convertible to Ai
for each i =
1,...,N
and R1
is implicitly convertible to R2
.
A callable type is a function object type or a pointer to member. A callable object or functor is an object of callable type.
A callable object f
supports
the call signature S:=R (A1,A2,...,AN)
if
the expression INVOKE(f, a1, a2,...,aN )
where ai
is of type Ai
is well formed
and can be implicitly converted to type R
or R
is the void
type.

Given a call signature S := R (A1,A2,...,AN)
with
N >=
0
, the type Ai
is said the i-th argument type of S
and the type R
is the
result type of S
,
finally N
is the arity
of S
. If a callable object
supports only one call signature these naming conventions extend naturally
to the callable object.
A multi-signature or polymorphic callable object is a callable object that supports two or more different call signatures. For a pointer to member function the previous definition apply to the implicit signature.
A call wrapper type is a type that holds a callable object and supports a call operation that forwards to that object. A call wrapper is an object of call wrapper type.
A target object is the callable object held by a call wrapper.
A type F is a model of Dynamic Function Wrapper with signature S if we have that :
The template classes boost::function
and std::function
in C++11 are families of models
of Dynamic Function Wrapper. Any instantiation of the template class overload
that supports one and
only one call signature is a model of Dynamic Function Wrapper.
A type F
is a model of
Dynamic Overloaded Function Wrapper supporting the
signatures S1,
..., SN
with N >= 2 if for each integer i
s.t. 1 <= i <= N we have that :
F
is a call wrapper
type for any callable object that supports at least one of the call
signatures supported by F; the current accessible callable object related
to Si
is named the
object target tied to Si
;
if there is no accessible callable object tied to Si
the object target related to Si
is said empty;
F
provides a method
to set/replace the object target tied to Si
;
F
provides a method
to check if the object target tied to Si
is empty
Any instantiation of the template class overload
that support more than
one call signature is a model of Dynamic Overloaded Function Wrapper.


@()(implicit req: RequestHeader) @front("W3C Validator Suite - Server Error", withModals = false, js = false) {
The server encountered an error and was unable to fullfil your request.


Student and Developer
Learn More!I'm a junior at Stony Brook University studying Computer Science with a minor in business management. I enjoy creating web based applications and learning more about new emerging technologies. I will be interning at FragranceX this summer where I hope to gain more experience as a software developer.
Outside of my academics and professional career, I enjoy running, playing golf, and playing videogames (League of Legends is my favorite). I was part of my highschool's track team for all 4 years and haven't stopped running since then. During the summer, I like to go out to the golf range or a local course to try to lower my golf score. I've played League for over 6 years and have made a lot of friends through the game. I like that there it takes a lot of strategy and team work to win.
Java
C
Python
HTML/CSS/Javascript
Flask
MongoDB
SQL
Bootstrap
Resident Assistant
(Fall '16 - Spring '17)
League of Legends Club President
(Fall '16 - Spring '17)
A collection of things I've worked on academically and events I've done


TIY Durham Ruby on Rails class Summer 2014
Welcome to the Durham Ruby on Rails class for Summer 2014! This site will contain references and resources for you to use while taking the class.
Updates
- 4 Jun 2014 - Added day 3 notes and reorganized resources
- 3 Jun 2014 - Added git resources and day 2 notes
- 2 Jun 2014 - Added Ruby Style Guide and Command Line flashcards to resources


Before you begin
This is an iOS class. To complete the coding exercises, you will need a Xamarin.iOS development environment with either the iOS Simulator or an iOS device to run the exercise on. Please read the setup requirements if you need help installing the Xamarin development environment.
Overview
In iOS, it's fairly rare to come across applications (that aren't games) which do not use a Table View. This commonly used control lets an application display a scrollable list of data which can be manipulated and often forms the basis of master/detail views. This class will go through the basics of using Table Views, getting them into your UI, populating them with data and performing some basic customizations.
Objectives
- Explore Table Views
- Utilize built-in cell styles
- Add selection behavior
- Implement cell reuse
Lecture
IOS110 - Fundamentals of TableViews.
Exercises
Exercise materials are available from GitHub. The code can be cloned through a desktop Git client or downloaded directly as a ZIP file.
- Add a Table View to an applicationExercise
In this group exercise, we will create a new iOS application and add aUITableView
in code and through the Storyboard designer. - Populating a Table ViewExercise
Next, you will populate yourUITableView
controls with data using aUITableViewSource
and through theUITableViewController
. - Using the built-in cell stylesExercise
TheUITableViewCell
has several different styles with subviews in different positions. In this group exercise, we will try out the various options to see how to display the data in different ways. - Using the accessory styles and row selectionExercise
While read-only Table Views are certainly valuable, we often want to respond to the user tapping on a row. In this exercise, we will add behavior into our application through the Table View delegate notification methods. - Implement cell reuseExercise
In this final exercise, we will implement theGetCell
method in the proper fashion - adding support to reuse theUITableViewCell
elements.
Additional resources
Here are some additional documentation pages from Xamarin and Apple which are useful reading to provide an alternative learning path.


i’d like to wrap you in saran wrap and save you for dinner tomorrow night
there are subtle sweaters my mind knits you.
they are purple when you walk
red when you take your shoes off
when i find printed socks i weave them in,
and drip sweet old sesame oil between the hairs and the knit.
there are subtle sweaters my teeth build you,
after i brush them too,
when i don’t speak and it’s mostly in february
what is it about the letters f ‘ruary’
that squeezes in love
through the cushions?
Sara Martin is a woman in a world that is terrified from womanly love. She's the Assistant Editor of Willard and Maple, and studies at Champlain College in the Pro Writing program. She loves orcas, whales, sharks, whale sharks, and peonies. RIP Tillikum, she loves you. You can follow some of her more light poems on Instagram: sara.i.think


NBA Trivia
NBA Trivia
Time Remaining: 30 Seconds
1. Who won the most NBA Finals MVP's?
Kobe Bryant
Michael Jordan
Lebron James
Larry Bird
2. What player has the most career assists?
Magic Johnson
John Stockton
Mark Jackson
Chris Paul
3. What player scored the most points in one game?
Michael Jordan
James Harden
Kobe Bryant
Wilt Chamberlain
4. What team has the best record in one season?
Golden State Warriors
Los Angeles Lakers
Chicago Bulls
New York Knicks
5. What player has the highest career 3-pt FG percentage?
Stephen Curry
Steve Kerr
Ray Allen
Kyle Korver
NBA Trivia
All Done!
Correct Answers: 0
Incorrect Answers: 0
Unanswered: 0


{% set suppress_feedback = true %} {% extends '_layouts/layout.html' %} {% block page_title %}{% endblock %} {% block body_css_classes %}nhsuk-frontend{% endblock %} {% block content %}
You will be contacted within 24 hours to arrange a swab test.
Call 111 if you do not hear from the testing centre within 24 hours.
A sample will be taken from your throat or nose using a cotton bud. The sample is then sent to a lab for analysis.
Make sure you keep yourself separate from others in your household (self-isolate) until you have been contacted by the testing service. Read more details about self-isolation.
Call 111 and tell them you think you have coronavirus symptoms.
The phone service will be very busy, but you must wait until you get through.
To protect yourself and others, do not go to a GP, pharmacy or hospital.


{% extends 'profile/base.html' %} {% load bootstrap4 %} {% load static %} {% block content %}
You have no bio yet
Neighbourhood:{{user.profile.neighbourhood}}


patric bruce
software engineer-robert bosch gmbh
I am passionate about my work. Because I love what I do, I have a steady source of motivation that drives me to do my best. In my last job, this passion led me to challenge myself daily and learn new skills that helped me to do better work. For example, I taught myself how to use Photoshop to improve the quality of our photos and graphics. I soon became the go-to person for any design needs,so i want also to learn new skills from you and i guess i will be a quick leaner in this


---
layout: post
title: diplomacy because its not a real board game
date: '2016-09-06T20:13:37-07:00'
tags:
- frombrett
- boardgames
- games
- gaming
- diplomacy
tumblr_url: http://beekley.xyz/post/150058987831/diplomacy-because-its-not-a-real-board-game
---
Diplomacy: Because it’s not a real board game unless someone leaves in anger after 6 hours of “playing”.
People make fun of board-game-nerd board games (e.g. Agricola, Twilight Imperium, even some Catan expansions) because of the large amount of time spent learning the rules and setting the game up. I can confidently say that the ratio of setup:play time in Diplomacy is a very low 1:20! (30 mins setup/learning, 10 hours playing)


We would love to hear from you! Feel free to leave any feedback on our social media. We are very active on twitter, so make sure to follow us for any updates on our product development!
Any investor-related enquiries can be made through our email.
For enquiries in regard to product use, troubleshooting, and personal data privacy, please contact us via email.


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Hello, We are here to ensure that you have a smooth time when finding your new home
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ANASTASIOS THEODOSIOU
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ABOUT
I'm a Web Developer from Alexandroupolis, Greece currently based at Thessaloniki, Greece. I love everything that has do to with Software Development and I have an expretise in frontend. I am working the last 2 years with Angular 2+ (currently 9). I have a strong background with HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript. As CSS frameworks I am working with PrimeNG mainly the and I like to use Bootstrap 4 and Angular Material to create my awesome projects. I have workd with jQuery and I will do it again (if there is no other way to do it). I also like to deal with some backend stuff such as Node.js Express, Mongoose and MongoDB. I am willing to utilize my 3+ years of experience as a Web Developer and excellent creative skills for your company to achieve its goals. You can check a lot of my open source project and my contribution at GitHub and an interesting analysis of my repositories at here.
WORK EXPERIENCE
FRONTEND DEVELOPER @ OR-CO
March 2018 - Present
I work as a fontend developer using Angular 9, typescript, Primefaces/PrimeNg to build solutions in the field of healthcare informatics. Especially, at OR-CO, I am working on an HMS system and I am involved in the development process of a number of web applications for public hospitals throughout Greece. They ware either rebuilt based on existing implementation (Powerbuilder) or created from scratch using Angular 9 and Java EE.
Key responsibilities included but were note limited to:
Used: Angular 9, TypeScript, Karma, Jasmine, Websockets, PWA, Material, Flexbox, PrimeNG, SASS, HTML5
WEB DEVELOPER @ FREELANCE
June 2016 - 2018
Build websites with HTML5, CSS3 and JavaScript. Develop backend restfull APIs with Node.js, Mongoose and MongoDB. Implement apps with Angular 5, Bootstrap (3) and datatables. Also build websites and landing pages for private customers using CMS (Wordpress).
SOFTWARE DEVELOPER @ ITBOX
February 2014 - July 2014
Student internship. Work mainly with C# for Windows Phone and Universal Apps. Build and maintain Wordpress plugins with php 5.
ARTICLES
How to Upgrade Angular Packages and Enable the Ivy Compiler
Understanding Angular Route Resolvers
Node.js and Redis Tutorial: Caching With Node.js and Redis
MILITARY OBLIGATIONS
Fullfilled - 2015
EDUCATION
MSC IN DATA AND WEB SCIENCE
ARISTOTLE UNIVERSITY OF THESSALONIKI - GRADE: 9.33/10
March 2018 - Present
Master Thesis: Distributed Link Prediction in Large Scale Graphs using Apache Spark and Scala
The purpose of this diploma thesis is to create models and experiment with various techniques of machine learning, both supervised and unsupervised, in order to predict links in a network of academic papers using document-based similarity metrics based on the characteristics of the nodes but also on other stractural features of the network. Experimentation and implementation of the application took place using Apache Spark to manage the large data volume using the Scala programming language.
Remarcable master courses could be found below.
BSC IN COMPUTER SCIENCE AND TELECOMMUNICATIONS
TECHNICAL EDUCATION INSTITUTE OF THESSALY - GRADE: 7.66/10
Octomber 2010 - September 2014
Bachelor Thesis:Fuel Prices Monitoring App (FuelGR) For Windows Phone Platform
The application development utilizes the particularities of mobile deveces (compact) and provides a variety of features, such as filtering stations with multiple criteria (geographical area, fuel type, company distribution, old-prices), displaying stations on a map and a list of those tha do not have geolocation data available, navigation and the abiliti to assist all user-corrected positioning suggestions for fuel stations. It has also Google street view for the stations. The position correction system contributes to the continuous improving the data quality provided by the DEiXto fuelGR API.
PERSONAL SKILLS


Costco Gasoline Prices
{% for location in locations %} {% if location.gas %}
{{location.locationID}}
{{location.streetAddress}}
{{location.address2}}
Weekdays
{{location.weekdays[0]}} - {{location.weekdays[1]}}
Saturday
{{location.saturday[0]}} - {{location.saturday[1]}}
Sunday
{{location.sunday[0]}} - {{location.sunday[1]}}
Regular
${{location.regular}}
Premium
${{location.premium}}
{% else %}
{{location.locationID}}
{{location.streetAddress}}
{{location.address2}}
Gasoline Not Sold at this Location
{% endif %} {% endfor %}


Reports any concrete or abstract classes
which may be simplified to be interfaces. This occurs if the class has no superclass (other
than Object), has no fields declared that are not static, final, and public, and has no
methods declared that are not public and abstract, and no inner classes
that cannot themselves be interfaces.
Powered by InspectionGadgets


{% extends "layout/base.html" %} {% load render_bundle from webpack_loader %} {% load static %} {% block title %}miot Homepage{% endblock %} {% block styles %} {% render_bundle 'frontend' 'css' %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
A tool for you to create attractive content for the physical world.
Contribute Discover More informationsmiot is a tool for you to propose a unique experience for users, visitors and curious people by defining places, events and points of interest and attach attractive content to it.
It takes two seconds to join by using one of your social accounts and you are already ready to create your own points of interest by using your new miot dashboard!
These are some of the most visited points of interest defined on this platform. But there are more! Do not wait to create your own or to discover new places. All you need is a few minutes and why not beacons.


An informative resource for the environment
EcoTeen
Start Bootstrap
Home
(current)
About
Topics
Climate Change
Deforestation
Ocean Pollution
Plastic
Poaching
Diys
Donate
Everyday Tips
Recycling Centers
Citations
OC/LA County
Recycling Centers


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block 'content' %}
Dear ${name},
To reset your ${.settings.project_title} password, please click the following button:
Reset Password
If you did not request a password reset, please ignore the email.


Color:
Submit
Reset
View Data
AUTO
Cones
← Top →
← Middle →
← Bottom →
Cubes
Moved out of community
Dock
none
D & not E
D & E
TELEOP
Cones
← Top →
← Middle →
← Bottom →
Cubes
Number of Cycles
Dock
none
parked
D & not E
D & E


error Rutanio Core will attempt to start the Rutanio Node background daemon (process) at startup. This dialog appears due to failure to load Rutanio Node daemon. You can copy the errors and report them to the development team for support.
{{specific.timestamp | date:'HH:mm'}}: {{specific.message | json}} {{arg | json}}
{{line.timestamp | date:'HH:mm'}}: {{line.message | json}} {{arg | json}}


Shipping address
Receiver: {{addressActive && addressActive.receiver}}
Phone: {{addressActive && addressActive.phoneNumber}}
Address: {{addressActive && addressActive.detail}}, {{addressActive && addressActive.ward}}, {{addressActive && addressActive.district}}, {{addressActive && addressActive.province}}
Order products
Image
Name
Price
Count
Total
{{product.name}}
{{product.price}} đ
{{product.count}}
{{product.count * product.price}} đ
Delivery
15.000 đ
Vouchers
Ship: {{chooseVoucher.title}}
Vouchers
Discount: {{chooseVoucher.title}}
Vouchers
Payment
Cash on delivery
Total prodcut cost:
Shipping fee:
Total invoice:
{{totalPriceProductLocalStorage}} VND
{{priceShipping}} VND
{{totalPriceCartLocalStorage}} VND


WITNESS LIST Appropriations-S/C on General Government Committee March 4, 1999-8:00A Budget On: Aldrich, David (Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs) Atkins, Billy (Texas Lottery Commission) Cloud, Linda (Texas Lottery Commission) Garza, Tony (Railroad Commission) Matthews, Jerry (Texas Energy Coordination Commission) Morgan, Hope (Texas Railroad Commission) Olson, Leonard (Texas Water Development Board) Pyka, Kathy (Railroad Commission) Rath, Diane (Texas Workforce Commission) Sheridan, Mike (Texas Workforce Commission) Stiner, Daisy (Texas Department of Housing and Community Affairs)


ECCOMERCE GROWTH ANALYSIS
India’s e-commerce industry will grow 84 per cent to $111 billion by 2024 as it gains from demand created by the coronavirus pandemic’s impactIndia’s e-commerce market will be driven by mobile shopping, projecting it to grow 21 per cent annually over the next four years.
E-COMMERCE TRAFFIC INCREASE
Amazon reported more than usual traffic after the advent of the pandemic.This shows that the shopping which was normally done in nearby convenience stores and malls is now taking place on thei internet.
It wasnt just limited to essentials either ; Clothes,Electronics,Acessories and even Exotic items all in one place.This was very convenient as with the click of a few buttons people could order items and get them delivered to their home.
ECCOMERCE VS BRICK AND MORTAR RETAIL
During the pandemic , Brick and Mortar stores reported a steep drop in sales , while E-commerce giants such as Amazon ,Flipkart and Bigbasket's sales were through the roof.This was because how enticing Online shopping was.Slowly and slowly brick and mortar stores are losing significance and e-commerce clearly is the way to go ! Large retail chains and groups must also start there own online e-commerce portals to sustain themselves.
An example is BigBazaar, they are a big retail chain of supermarkets.The pandemic impacted them as well and they moved to eccomerce to revive their lost sales and regular customers.They also contacted their customers via Whatsapp and created many lucrative deals to encourage people to buy from them.


--- layout: doc title: Documentation ---
Proof General has its own home page hosted at GitHub. Visit this page for the latest news!
| A.1 Obtaining Proof General | ||
| A.2 Installing Proof General from sources | ||
| A.3 Setting the names of binaries | ||
| A.4 Notes for syssies |
You can obtain Proof General from the URL
https://github.com/ProofGeneral/PG. |
The distribution is available in the master branch of the repository. Tagged versions of the sources may be redistributed by third party packagers in other forms.
The sources includes the generic elisp code, and code for Coq, EasyCrypt, and other provers. Also included are installation instructions (reproduced in brief below) and this documentation.
Remove old versions of Proof General, then download and install the new release from GitHub:
$ git clone https://github.com/ProofGeneral/PG ~/.emacs.d/lisp/PG $ cd ~/.emacs.d/lisp/PG $ make |
Then add the following to your ‘.emacs’:
;; Open .v files with Proof General's Coq mode (load "~/.emacs.d/lisp/PG/generic/proof-site") |
If Proof General complains about a version mismatch, make sure that the
shell’s emacs
is indeed your usual Emacs. If not, run the Makefile
again with an explicit path to Emacs. On macOS in particular you’ll
probably need something like
make clean; make EMACS=/Applications/Emacs.app/Contents/MacOS/Emacs |
The load
command you have added will load ‘proof-site’
which sets the Emacs load path for Proof General and add auto-loads and
modes for the supported assistants.
The default names for proof assistant binaries may work on your system. If not, you will need to set the appropriate variables. The easiest way to do this (and most other customization of Proof General) is via the Customize mechanism, see the menu item:
Proof-General -> Advanced -> Customize -> Name of Assistant -> Prog Name |
The Proof-General menu is available from script buffers after Proof General is loaded. To load it manually, type
M-x load-library RET proof RET |
If you do not want to use customize, simply add a line like this:
(setq coq-prog-name "/usr/bin/coqtop") |
to your ‘.emacs’ file.
For more advice on how to customize the coq-prog-name
variable,
see section Using file variables, Remark 2.
Here are some more notes for installing Proof General in more complex ways. Only attempt things in this section if you really understand what you’re doing!
Compilation of the Emacs lisp files improves efficiency but can
sometimes cause compatibility problems, especially if you use more than
one version of Emacs with the same .elc
files.
If you discover problems using the byte-compiled .elc
files which
aren’t present using the source .el
files, please report them to
us.
You can compile Proof General by typing make
in the directory
where you installed it. It may be necessary to do this if you use
a different version of Emacs.
If you are installing Proof General site-wide, you can put the
components in the standard directories of the filesystem if you prefer,
providing the variables in ‘proof-site.el’ are adjusted
accordingly (see Proof General site configuration in
Adapting Proof General for more details). Make sure that
the ‘generic/’ and assistant-specific elisp files are kept in
subdirectories (‘coq/’, ‘phox/’, ‘easycrypt/’, ...) of
proof-home-directory
so that the autoload directory calculations
are correct.
To prevent every user needing to edit their own ‘.emacs’ files, you
can put the load-file
command to load ‘proof-site.el’ into
‘site-start.el’ or similar. Consult the Emacs documentation for more
details if you don’t know where to find this file.
You cannot run more than one instance of Proof General at a time: so if
you’re using Coq, visiting an ‘.ec’ file will not load EasyCrypt
Proof General, and the buffer remains in fundamental mode. If there are
some assistants supported that you never want to use, you can adjust the
variable proof-assistants
in ‘proof-site.el’ to remove the
extra autoloads. This is advisable in case the extensions clash with
other Emacs modes, for example
Verilog mode for ‘.v’ files clashes with Coq mode.
See Proof General site configuration in Adapting Proof General,
for more details of how to adjust the proof-assistants
setting.
Instead of altering proof-assistants
, a simple way to disable
support for some prover is to delete the relevant directories from the
PG installation. For example, to remove support for Coq, delete the
‘coq’ directory in the Proof General home directory.
This document was generated on April 14, 2023 using texi2html 1.82.


🖱🖱🐛 Double click for debug inspect (bookmarklet)
1) Open devtools, 2) invoke bookmarklet, 3) double click on pesky ephemeral element, 4) JS processing is paused and clicked element logged in console for further inspection.
In Firefox you can disable debugger overlay with devtools.debugger.features.overlay
false
about:config pref (thans all involved in bug 1579768.


Police concerned for safety of missing Derbyshire man
Lee Campion was last seen in Mickleover
by John GrantDerbyshire police have launched an appeal to find a missing 27-year-old man.
Lee Campion was last spotted in Mickleover at around 10.40am yesterday. (November 28)
He was wearing dark jeans, trainers and a grey hood with a fluorescent emblem on the front shoulder, says Derbyshire Constabulary.
Mr Campion, of Langley Mill, is slimly-built, around 5ft 7ins tall and has short hair.
Officers have asked anyone with information on his whereabouts to contact them on 101 with reference number 199-291119.
We want you to be able to get your Derbyshire news whenever and however you want it.
As well as our website, we have a Facebook page , a Twitter feed @derbyshire-live , and for a daily snapshot of the top stories, you can sign up to receive our newsletters.
If you prefer to use an app, we've got apps for both Android and Apple devices which can be tailored to deliver the news and sport that you're interested in.
And if you download our app, you can sign up for push notifications, which means you'll get alerts about the biggest breaking news stories.
We’ve also got Facebook groups for traffic and travel , crime , pets , what’s on , good news and lost and found .


Week 1
So I watched the Shereef fireside chat. it was a little over an hour but I enjoyed ever minute of it
First of all, I appreciated hearing the story of how Dev Boot camp was formed and how the students and Shereef put their hands together to make that experience worth while. That is why, the analogy of kitchen vs. table made so much sense. If we all come to the table expecting Dev Bootcamp's staff and professors alone to provide us the experience we paid for than we really will not take full advantage of how this program can truly propel us into our careers.
The video really validated my take on the DBC experience. Although, it will be an intense few weeks, one will be very happy by the result. I believe that the experience will be collaborative, challenging, intellectually stimulating, and emotionally stimulating. I know that if I become a chef in the kitchen, I will develop into the programmer and person I want to be
The video made me understand that they are not looking for the smartest individuals, but they are looking for those who are driven and puts in an effort. That is describes me. I am not the most intelligent in math but persistence, practice, an more than average effort made me get a grade A in all my math classes.
I also got the impression of the importance of team culture which is extremely important in everything but especially in this industry. By working as a team we learn from each other and improve our craft
There are several ways I see myself engaging in tis type of culture:
First, become a chef in the kitchen by asking myself how can I contribute to make this experience a great one for myself, my peers, and the professors. I am an introvert but I will challenge myself to being vocal, being active, being helpful, and most importantly being mindful. Focus on building relationships.
Second, expose my vulnerability anb be able to admit that i do not really know everything and i should not be embarrassed by it. If I don’t vocalize my confusion than I will be robbing myself from learning.
Third, be disciplined and really apply the materials given to me by Dev Bootcamp and finding other resources that can help means others.
As I continue this journey with my cohorts and DBC, I am sure I will come up with more ways to engage myself in this community.
My impression of DBC has changed but in a good way. Based on my conversations with alumni of DBS during office hours and the DBC staff, I can really feel that they are looking out for my best interest.
I am always a ball of nervousness. I am sure I will fit with the culture of DBC but I am nervous about whether I will be able to keep up. But I am ready and excited to challenge myself. I can not wait to meet everyone and be immersed in the experience.
Many people have said that having to much chefs in the kitchen messes up the result. I believe in DBC we will make a wonderful mess.


Avalon uses the ASF JIRA issue tracker to manage feature requests and bug fixes. Anyone can browse project reports, though you will need an account to submit new issues. Please submit requests to the appropriate project module (when in doubt, send a message to the developers mailing list).
| Project | Description |
|---|---|
| Avalon Central | Site docs, General Issues |
| Avalon Planet | Components and facilities. |
| Avalon Tools | Avalon's build system and general developer tools. |
| Merlin Runtime | Avalon Merlin RI Container. |
| Merlin Studio | Exclipse support tools for Merlin component development. |
A full list of the projects can be found at http://issues.apache.org/jira in the Avalon, Avalon Merlin, and Avalon Components categories.
Generate patches using cvs diff -u
, or diff -u
.
Please create your patches relative to the root of the cvs module the patch
should be applied to. Please compile changes to multiple files
in a single patch file. Make sure the patch adheres to the coding standards,
and includes appropriate javadoc.
When you've built the patch, file a new bug report in JIRA if one does not exist yet, explain the reason behind the patch, how the patch fixes the issues, and add the patch as an attachment.
If your patch is not getting applied or there is no response, start nagging the developers (politely, please :D) on the developers mailing list.
Please submit documentation patches against the XML sourcefiles used for generating the documentation, and not against the documentation itself. Site documentation issues can be opened in the Avalon Framework's Documentation module.


| Parameter | Crawling Infant | Walking Infant |
|---|---|---|
| Eye height | 0.30 m | 0.60 m |
| Locomotor speed | 0.33 m/s | 0.61 m/s |
| Head tilt | 20 deg | 9 deg |
This talk was produced on 2018-02-24 in RStudio using R Markdown and the reveal.JS framework. The code and materials used to generate the slides may be found at https://github.com/gilmore-lab/2018-02-24-devel-recruit/. Information about the R Session that produced the code is as follows:
## R version 3.4.1 (2017-06-30)
## Platform: x86_64-apple-darwin15.6.0 (64-bit)
## Running under: macOS Sierra 10.12.6
##
## Matrix products: default
## BLAS: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.4/Resources/lib/libRblas.0.dylib
## LAPACK: /Library/Frameworks/R.framework/Versions/3.4/Resources/lib/libRlapack.dylib
##
## locale:
## [1] en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8/C/en_US.UTF-8/en_US.UTF-8
##
## attached base packages:
## [1] stats graphics grDevices utils datasets methods base
##
## other attached packages:
## [1] DiagrammeR_0.9.2 revealjs_0.9
##
## loaded via a namespace (and not attached):
## [1] Rcpp_0.12.12 compiler_3.4.1 RColorBrewer_1.1-2
## [4] influenceR_0.1.0 plyr_1.8.4 bindr_0.1
## [7] viridis_0.4.0 tools_3.4.1 digest_0.6.12
## [10] jsonlite_1.5 viridisLite_0.2.0 gtable_0.2.0
## [13] evaluate_0.10.1 tibble_1.3.3 rgexf_0.15.3
## [16] pkgconfig_2.0.1 rlang_0.1.2 igraph_1.1.2
## [19] rstudioapi_0.6 yaml_2.1.14 bindrcpp_0.2
## [22] gridExtra_2.2.1 downloader_0.4 dplyr_0.7.2
## [25] stringr_1.2.0 knitr_1.17 htmlwidgets_0.9
## [28] hms_0.3 grid_3.4.1 rprojroot_1.2
## [31] glue_1.1.1 R6_2.2.2 Rook_1.1-1
## [34] XML_3.98-1.9 rmarkdown_1.6 ggplot2_2.2.1
## [37] tidyr_0.6.3 purrr_0.2.3 readr_1.1.1
## [40] magrittr_1.5 backports_1.1.0 scales_0.5.0
## [43] htmltools_0.3.6 assertthat_0.2.0 colorspace_1.3-2
## [46] brew_1.0-6 stringi_1.1.5 visNetwork_2.0.1
## [49] lazyeval_0.2.0 munsell_0.4.3


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Please read this "Terms of Use" (Hereinafter also referred to as the "Agreement"), if you (also known as "User") after reading by clicking on the agreement below the "consent" button and voluntarily accept the agreement,{$webname}Directly binding legal documents.
Before you register, please make sure that you have fully understood and accepted all the terms of this Agreement (especially the Disclaimer), otherwise please do not register.


Visual guide to better learn the scales for pianists
UX Designer
March 2019
Website for a non profit organization
UI/UX designer, developper
September 2020 to June 2021
January 2020 to June 2020
Poster I made of Vito Corleone from the Godfather
Illustrator
June 2019
Interactive resume I made for a friend
Motion Designer
June 2020
Handmade lettering (Digitized)
Lettering artist
August 2020
Digitized handmade typography
September 2018
Made four logos for the brand
Designer
June 2018
Logo for a Youtube Channel project about Litterature and Movies
November 2020
Music video for a song
Video: director, editorAudio: recording, mixing, mastering
April 2020
Vector illustration I made of Thelonious Monk from a picture, available on my etsy store
Made a piano transcription and arrangement for the song Redbone by Childish Gambino
Transcriber, arranger
Mars 2019
Website for piano teacher
Designer, developper
Architecture photographs in Montreal
Photographer
October 2016
Handmade typography
February 2016
Analog photography project
October 2013


Menu
LaBonneBoîte
Please be patient
Add Product
SUCCESS!
{{ctrl.info}}
ERROR!
{{ctrl.error}}
Name
Price
¢
Description
Location
Sell Product
Your Item has been added


import numpy as np
import matplotlib as mpl
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from sklearn import datasets
Exercise: Principle Component Analysis¶
In scientific settings, we usually deal with datasets of high dimension, i.e. many features. In order to interpret such datasets, we have to reduce their dimensionality in an interpretable way, such that most of the information in the data is preserved. Many techniques exist for this purpose, but in this exercise we want to focus on principal component analysis (PCA). Its idea is simple—reduce the dimensionality of a dataset, for instance by combining features, while preserving as much ‘variability’ (i.e. statistical information) as possible.
In this exercise we will be using the Wisconsin breast cancer dataset, which consists of 596 samples and 30 features. The features are computed from a digitized image of a fine needle aspirate (FNA) of a breast mass. They describe characteristics of the cell nuclei present in the image and are linked with a label, malignant or benign.
data = datasets.load_breast_cancer()
X = data.data
y = data.target
Following the procedure in chapter 2.1 of the lecture notes, we write a Python function that implements PCA. The input to this function should be the data itself and a variable specifying the number of components we want to keep.
def pca(X, n_components):
# Center the data by subtracting from each column the mean of that column
X_centered = X - X.mean(axis=0)
# Form the n by n covariance matrix
C = np.cov(X.T)
# Diagonalize the matrix
L, W = np.linalg.eig(C)
# Sort the eigenvalues and vectors from largest to smallest
idx = L.argsort()[::-1]
L = L[idx]
W = W[:,idx]
# Keep only the n_components largest eigenvectors
Wtilde = W[:, :n_components]
# Transform initial data
X_pca = X_centered.dot(Wtilde)
return X_pca
Let’s apply this to our dataset:
# Select number of components
n_components = 2
# Apply our pca function
X_pca = pca(X, n_components)
Lets take a look at the original and the transformed data…
# Get class labels as marker style for the plot
idx_0 = np.where(y==0)
idx_1 = np.where(y==1)
# Plot the relations between the first 5 features
fig, axs = plt.subplots(5, 5,figsize=(15,15))
for i in range(0,5):
for j in range(0,5):
axs[i,j].plot(X[idx_0, i], X[idx_0, j], "b+", label="y = 0")
axs[i,j].plot(X[idx_1, i], X[idx_1, j], "kx", label="y = 1")
plt.tight_layout()
plt.show()
# Now lets look at the compressed version..
plt.plot(X_pca[idx_0, 0], X_pca[idx_0, 1], "b+", label="y = 0")
plt.plot(X_pca[idx_1, 0], X_pca[idx_1, 1], "kx", label="y = 0")
plt.ylabel("PCA Component 2", fontsize=12)
plt.xlabel("PCA Component 1", fontsize=12)
plt.show()
We can see that the two components we selected are not fully separating the two classes, however already simplify the problem. Note also that component 1 (x-axis) shows a larger variation in the data set as component 2, carying more information.
Most machine learning algorithms are already implemented in highly efficient packages. We can now compare our implementation with the sklearn library:
from sklearn.decomposition import PCA
skl_pca = PCA(n_components)
X_skl_pca = skl_pca.fit_transform(X)
Lets check whether this is the same as before… Note: Eigenvectors that are calculated in any software package are unique up to a sign flip.
X_skl_pca[:3]
array([[1160.1425737 , -293.91754364],
[1269.12244319, 15.63018184],
[<PHONE_NUMBER>6, 39.15674324]])
X_pca[:3]
array([[1160.1425737 , -293.91754364],
[1269.12244319, 15.63018184],
[<PHONE_NUMBER>6, 39.15674324]])
Selecting the right number of components in PCA is crucial, as we might loose vital information. In order to make an informed decision, we compute the explained variance ratio given,defined as the variance of a principle component divided by the total variance. Equivalently, this can be calculated as
where \(\Lambda_i\) is the eigenvalue of the ith principle component.
# Center the data by subtracting from each column the mean of that column
X_centered = X - X.mean(axis=0)
# Form the n by n covariance matrix
C = np.cov(X.T)
# Diagonalize the matrix
L, W = np.linalg.eig(C)
EVR = L/np.sum(L)
plt.plot(np.arange(1,len(L)+1), EVR, "-o")
plt.ylabel("EVR", fontsize=12)
plt.xlabel("Principle component", fontsize=12)
plt.show()
This is called scree plot. An ideal curve should be steep, then bends at an “elbow” — this is our cutting-off point — and after that flattens out.
What information did we loose by selecting n_components?
print(np.round((1 - np.sum(EVR[:n_components]))*100,1),"%")
0.2 %
Reasons why you might want to avoid PCA are:
Susceptibility to outliers
Intepretability of features: After implementing PCA on the dataset, your original features will turn into Principal Components. Principal Components are the linear combination of your original features. Principal Components are not as readable and interpretable as original features.
Data standardization is a must: You must standardize your data before implementing PCA, otherwise PCA will not be able to find the optimal principal components. This also means that categorical features first have to be converted into numerical ones.


You will need me later: what comes next? B C D E G ...
Capitalise on the art of redirection,
And your audience will ignore what is staring them in the face.
Never underestimate the power of the red herring,
Or you will lose sight of the smaller picture.
Every trick has a simple solution, a simple answer, a simple boat.
|


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Memo


call p%descr(info, [iout])
This method prints a description of the preconditioner p
to the standard output or
to a file. It must be called after hierachy_build
and smoothers_build
,
or build
, have been called.
Arguments
info |
integer, intent(out) . |
| Error code. If no error, 0 is returned. See Section 8 for details. | |
iout |
integer, intent(in), optional . |
| The id of the file where the preconditioner description will be printed; the default is the standard output. |
For compatibility with the previous versions of MLD2P4, this method can be also invoked as follows:
call mld_precdescr(p,info [,iout])


Tribute to Albert Einstein
March 14, 1879 until April 18, 1955
Fourth from left
March 14, 1879 until April 18, 1955
Fourth from left
Albert Einstein is a mathematician, physicist, and science author from German. Was born on March 14, 1879 in Ulm, Württemberg, German and died on April 18, 1955 in Princeton, New Jersey, U.S. A genius son of Hermann Einstein and Pauline Koch who was well known by the world with his relativity theories. Einstein won a Nobel Prize for Physics in 1921 for his photoelectric effect explanation.
Einstein always appeared to have a clear view of the problems of physics and the determination to solve them. He had a strategy of his own and was able to visualize the main stages on the way to his goal. He regarded his major achievements as mere stepping-stones for the next advance.
Einstein’s gifts inevitably resulted in his dwelling much in intellectual solitude and, for relaxation, music played an important part in his life. He married Mileva Maric in 1903 and they had a daughter and two sons; their marriage was dissolved in 1919 and in the same year he married his cousin, Elsa Löwenthal, who died in 1936.
You can read the full biography here.


Header containing useful math functions, especially for vectors. More...
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
Go to the source code of this file.
Macros | |
| #define | NTWM_DOUBLE_PRES 1e-30 |
| Difference for two double vars to be safely considered equal. | |
Functions | |
| void | NTWM_multDV (const uint32_t n, double vector[static n], const double c) |
| Does the multiplication: \(\vec{V} = c\vec{V}\). More... | |
| void | NTWM_addDV (const uint32_t n, double vectorA[static n], const double vectorB[static n]) |
| Does the addition: \(\vec{A} = \vec{A}+\vec{B}\). More... | |
| void | NTWM_subDV (const uint32_t n, double vectorA[static n], const double vectorB[static n]) |
| Does the substitution: \(\vec{A} = \vec{A}-\vec{B}\). More... | |
| double | NTWM_dotDV (const uint32_t n, const double vectorA[static n], const double vectorB[static n]) |
| Calculates the dot product of vectorA and vectorB. More... | |
| double | NTWM_sqMagnDV (const uint32_t n, const double vector[static n]) |
| Returns the squered magnitude of the vector. More... | |
| void | NTWM_normalizeDV (const uint32_t n, double vector[static n]) |
| Normalizes the vector. More... | |
| void | NTWM_normalizeSumDV (const uint32_t n, double vector[static n]) |
| Normalizes the vector so that its elements sum to 1. More... | |
| double | NTWM_partialSumDV (const uint32_t n, const uint32_t indices[static n], const double vector[static 1]) |
| Returns \(\sum_{i=0}^{n}V(ind[i])\). More... | |
| void | NTWM_assignDV (const uint32_t n, double vectorA[static n], const double vectorB[static n]) |
| Assign the values of vectorB to vectorA \[\vec{A} = \vec{B}\] . More... | |
| void | NTWM_reshapeDV (const uint32_t n, double vector[static n], const uint32_t sequence[static n]) |
| Changes the sequence of the elements of vector based on sequence.. More... | |
| double * | NTWM_newZeroVectorD (const uint32_t n) |
| Creates a n length zero vector. More... | |
| double * | NTWM_newUniVectorD (const uint32_t n, const double value) |
| Creates a n legth vector with all elements set to value. More... | |
| double * | NTWM_newCopyDV (const uint32_t n, const double vector[static n]) |
| Create a copy/subcopy of the vector. More... | |
| void | NTWM_printDV (FILE *restrict stream, const uint32_t n, const double vector[static n], const unsigned decimalDigits) |
| Prints a double vector to the stream. More... | |
Header containing useful math functions, especially for vectors.
Definition in file ntw_math.h.
| void NTWM_addDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| double | vectorA[static n], | ||
| const double | vectorB[static n] | ||
| ) |
Does the addition: \(\vec{A} = \vec{A}+\vec{B}\).
| n | The size of the vectors. If less only the first n elements will be added. |
| vectorA | The vector \(\vec{A}\). |
| vectorB | The vector \(\vec{B}\). |
Definition at line 19 of file ntw_math.c.
| void NTWM_assignDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| double | vectorA[static n], | ||
| const double | vectorB[static n] | ||
| ) |
Assign the values of vectorB to vectorA
\[\vec{A} = \vec{B}\]
.
| n | The size of the two vectors. |
| vectorA | The \(\vec{A}\). |
| vectorB | The \(\vec{B}\). |
Definition at line 102 of file ntw_math.c.
| double NTWM_dotDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| const double | vectorA[static n], | ||
| const double | vectorB[static n] | ||
| ) |
Calculates the dot product of vectorA and vectorB.
If n is less than the actual size of the vectors the dot product will be calculated as if the vectors where reduced to their first n elements.
| n | The size of the arrays. |
| vectorA | The vector \(\vec{A}\) |
| vectorB | The vector \(\vec{B}\) |
Definition at line 35 of file ntw_math.c.
| void NTWM_multDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| double | vector[static n], | ||
| const double | c | ||
| ) |
Does the multiplication: \(\vec{V} = c\vec{V}\).
Doesn't allocate memory.
| n | The size of the vector. If less only the first n elements will be multiplied. |
| vector | The vector \(\vec{V}\), must be at least n elements long. |
| c | The constant \(c\). |
Definition at line 11 of file ntw_math.c.
| double* NTWM_newCopyDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| const double | vector[static n] | ||
| ) |
Create a copy/subcopy of the vector.
Allocates memory that should be freed later.
| n | The size of the copied vector; |
| vector |
Definition at line 153 of file ntw_math.c.
| double* NTWM_newUniVectorD | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| const double | value | ||
| ) |
Creates a n legth vector with all elements set to value.
Allocates memory that should be freed later.
| n | The size \(n\) of the vector. |
| value | The value \(v\) of each element. |
Definition at line 138 of file ntw_math.c.
| double* NTWM_newZeroVectorD | ( | const uint32_t | n | ) |
Creates a n length zero vector.
Allocates memory that should be freed later.
| n | The size of the vector. |
Definition at line 127 of file ntw_math.c.
| void NTWM_normalizeDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| double | vector[static n] | ||
| ) |
Normalizes the vector.
| n | The size of the vector. |
| vector |
Definition at line 55 of file ntw_math.c.
| void NTWM_normalizeSumDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| double | vector[static n] | ||
| ) |
Normalizes the vector so that its elements sum to 1.
| n | The size of the vector. |
| vector |
Definition at line 76 of file ntw_math.c.
| double NTWM_partialSumDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| const uint32_t | indices[static n], | ||
| const double | vector[static 1] | ||
| ) |
Returns \(\sum_{i=0}^{n}V(ind[i])\).
| n | The number \(n\) of the sumation elements. |
| indices | The n indices of the vector that will be in the sum. |
| vector | The vector \(\vec{V}\) |
Definition at line 92 of file ntw_math.c.
| void NTWM_printDV | ( | FILE *restrict | stream, |
| const uint32_t | n, | ||
| const double | vector[static n], | ||
| const unsigned | decimalDigits | ||
| ) |
Prints a double vector to the stream.
| stream | The stream where the vector will be printed. |
| n | The size of the vector. |
| vector | The vector that will be printed. |
| decimalDigits | The accuracy of the printed elements. |
Definition at line 168 of file ntw_math.c.
| void NTWM_reshapeDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| double | vector[static n], | ||
| const uint32_t | sequence[static n] | ||
| ) |
Changes the sequence of the elements of vector based on sequence..
sequence must contain all the numbers 0,...,n once. There is no check if that is the case, use carefully.
| n | The size of the vector and sequence. |
| vector | |
| sequence |
Definition at line 110 of file ntw_math.c.
| double NTWM_sqMagnDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| const double | vector[static n] | ||
| ) |
Returns the squered magnitude of the vector.
| n | The size of the vector. |
| vector | The vector \(\vec{V}\) |
Definition at line 45 of file ntw_math.c.
| void NTWM_subDV | ( | const uint32_t | n, |
| double | vectorA[static n], | ||
| const double | vectorB[static n] | ||
| ) |
Does the substitution: \(\vec{A} = \vec{A}-\vec{B}\).
| n | The size of the vectors. If less only the first n elements will be substituded. |
| vectorA | The vector \(\vec{A}\). |
| vectorB | The vector \(\vec{B}\). |
Definition at line 27 of file ntw_math.c.


The Expression Operator allows applying mathematical calculations on one or more raster layers.
For the expression, each raster is referred to as an alphabetic character, e.g., A for the first raster. It is possible to use basic
operations like +
, -
, *
and /
, e.g., A + B
.
It is necessary to specify the output datatype for the expression. The list indicates the data type of the input. Furthermore, it is required to specify the number range of the data in the form of min and max values. The system will choose an appropriate NO DATA value automatically.
There is the option to specify an output unit for the expression result, e.g. temperature in °C. This will be shown in the legend and automatically used in plots, etc.
Since the input rasters can be in differing projections, it is required to specify the output projection. This projection is used when applying the operator.


Ford F-150 Discount Reaches Nearly $12k Depending On Where You Live
It also requires buying a specific model with a bevy of packages.
by Christopher SmithTis the season to try and sell things. Automakers are ramping up Black Friday deals, and a new report from Ford Authority shows that even the best-selling Ford F-150 is wrapped with fresh discounts. If this all sounds a bit familiar, it’s because we covered a $9,000 discount on the half-ton truck just over a month ago. As our headline clearly states, that figure is now up to almost $12,000, but as is often the case with automaker deals, there’s plenty of fine print.
Our Take On The F-150:
Ford loves to offer region-specific incentives that vary in price. New York City – arguably the place where you least want to drive a full-size pickup – is where you’ll get the best factory discount of $11,960. Further fine print limits the deal to 2019 F-150 XLT models optioned with the 302A equipment package, and you need the Luxury, Power, and Navigation package as well. You're also limited to choosing just the 2.7-liter EcoBoost V6, so yeah, if you’re looking for a very specific pickup, a trip to New York could be warranted.
Gallery: 2018 Ford F-150
Outside the Big Apple, Detroit buyers can get $6,250 off a similarly-equipped F-150 XLT, though you only need the 302A package. Los Angeles offers a $7,000 discount for any 2019 F-150 XLT, and Miami dishes up a deal nearly as good as New York at $11,500. However, all the same stipulations for equipment are in place along with something else – it’s only good for F-150 XLT SuperCrew 4x4 trucks. Regardless of location (and odds are good that Ford will have something happening on the F-150 is most locations), the deals are primarily for 2019 models though some 2020 models are also up for discounts.
Keep On Truckin:
Offering deals at the end of the year is nothing new in the automotive realm, though Ford could have some added incentive to try and boost F-150 sales. Third-quarter figures from the Blue Oval show F-Series sales were down 6 percent compared to 2018, and overall F-Series sales through 2019 are down 2.4 percent. That’s not a huge number, but considering trucks are Ford’s best-selling vehicles by far, any drop in sales is worrisome. Ram, Chevrolet, and GMC also have all-new models in the last couple of years, whereas the current-generation F-150 dates back to 2015. That will soon change, as Ford is expected to launch its next-gen truck later in 2020.
Source: Ford Authority


#2/2017
Utopian.io presents this week’s most interesting open source projects and the best contributions from our community.
Top Projects
| ### Steemauto.com | Curation Trail, Fanbase, Scheduled Posts, … Development of : Steemauto.com |
| SteemApps Introducing the ‘steem apps’ site I created. Development of : SteemApps | SteemPlus 1.7.1 I used your contributions on Utopian[…] Development of : SteemPlus |
Top Newcomers
#
| @yabapmatt Curation Reward Estimation Tool The Curation Reward Estimation Tool! | @emrebeyler Development of: Community Bot A welcome bot for local communities |
| @noisy Steem Projects How to achieve scalability without worrying about quality of data | @samrg472 Steem Dunk The Special Surprise has Arrived: We will now Vote on Your Content |
Top 10 Contributions
#
Adding some margin codes to make the alignment better. and make the looks finer in the eyes of the viewer. by @ruah
Steem Dunk is now Open Source - Automated Curation Platform - Hosted version is FREE for EVERYONE by @samrg472
Sub-Project | OhSteem: A Logic Game (Design/Github/Roadmap) by @deveerei
Charity revolutionized - Earn reward SMT Token by Donating by @tarekadam
Steem Bot Tracker Update 5 - Pre-Vote Group Info & Bid Validation by @yabapmatt
Added text search ordered by relevance score for Utopian by @sirrius
Design of the authorize page and add revoke tokens by @gregory.latinier
Updating Icons in Github - Multiple Sizes - OhSteem by @deveerei
A Special Thanks to The Sponsors
| @freedom @misterdelegation @ned @transisto @wackou @cryptoctopus @xeldal (Vote for witness) @good-karma (Vote for witness) @thecryptodrive (Vote for witness) @lafona-miner @furion (Vote for witness) @cnts @javybar @minnowbooster @netuoso (Vote for witness) @tarekadam @jerrybanfield (Vote for witness) @billbutler @ajvest @elear @masterthematrix @materia @yabapmatt (Vote for witness) @delegate.lafona @agoric.systems (Vote for witness) @teamsteem (Vote for witness) @lexiconical @masterofcoin @cmorton @johnsmith @jerzy @dragosroua @unosuke @gokulnk @o1o1o1o @techslut | @jenkinrocket @mother2chicks @rival (Vote for witness) @jomeszaros @steemj @sircork (Vote for witness) @shreyasgune @lykkejay @hadimemories @kemal13 @soushi888 @dodybireuen @jatinhota @xplosive @eastmael @dimitrisp @koinbot @katamory @eliel @evildido @alexsm @allowisticartist @doodlebear @dubem-eu @fakire1sadaka @steemfunding @lusanamaya @knowledges @callmetoxy @nehomar @rizal.konoha2 @tanvirrahman @ilvstranger |
A Special Thanks to The Moderators
@espoem @jefpatat @arie.steem @ruah @themanualbot @stoodkev @favcau @deveerei @mcfarhat @mooncryption @cnts @shreyasgune @knowledges
### Author Bio I am @dontstopmenow, a crypto enthusiast and Blockchain lover. Worldwide traveler who wants to make the world a better place. Steemit curator and Chef with international experience.
Posted on Utopian.io - Rewarding Open Source Contributors
This page is synchronized from the post: Utopian Weekly #2 - The Weekly Open Source Newsletter


Half-Past Seven Stories
by Robert Gordon Anderson
Story 10: "When Jehosophat Forgot His Piece"
Additional Information
- Year Published: 1922
- Language: English
- Country of Origin: United States of America
- Source: Anderson, R.G. (1922). Half-Past Seven Stories. New York, NY: G.P. Putnam’s Sons.
-
Readability:
- Flesch–Kincaid Level: 5.6
- Word Count: 2,798
- Genre: Adventure
- Keywords: life lessons
- ✎ Cite This
Downloads
There was much excitement in the Red Schoolhouse. Examinations were over; books laid aside. And the walls re-echoed to thrilling sounds,—to happy voices and shuffling feet, to poetry, marches, and songs. They were practising for Commencement, for Closing Day. And at home the parents were busy, too, making white dresses and sashes for the girls, buying new suits for the boys in town, or making some over from father’s old trousers.
Marmaduke was to take part in the marches and songs, but Jehosophat had to speak a whole piece, all alone too. It was a great honor, no doubt about that, which Jehosophat didn’t appreciate. He thought it a bother.
Now their teacher was a patriot and fond of History. All through the term she had told them tales of brave lads who were good and great. Probably she wanted them to become good and great, too, and of course it was the thing to be. That Jehosophat knew, but it was pretty hard when one kept forgetting.
So he wasn’t at all sure of himself, but of one thing he was sure,—the stories were lost on Fatty. Try as he would he never could think of him as being “good and great,” or exactly “a hero.”
But that was the least of Jehosophat’s worries. He had been given a piece to learn—to recite before a big crowd!
It was poetry—all about a boy who had stuck by his ship and gone down with it, too. The piece was called by the boy’s name—a queer sort of word—Casabianca. If the piece was as hard as its name, Jehosophat thought he never would learn it.
“Well, Jehosophat,” said his father that night, “how’s the orator?”
But Mother said,—
“Don’t tease him, Will, I’m sure he’ll do us proud.”
Jehosophat squirmed in his seat. He didn’t want to “do anyone proud.” That was not his ambition. And he squirmed still more when she asked him,—
“Have you learned it all, Jehosophat?”
He mumbled something that sounded like,—
“Donev’nknownameyet.”
So next day when he came back from school he had to stay in the parlour to study it.
After a while—not so long a while, either—he called to Mother,—
“Mother, I think I could learn it a lot better out doors than in this dark room.”
“All right, dear,” she said, “if you’re sure you won’t let anything distract you.”
“No, Mother, I promise.” And he went out by the big elm and stood under the Oriole’s nest. “The boy stood on the burning deck Whence all but he had fled.”
That is the way it began and he started:
“The boy stood on the burning deck”—then he had to stop, for Mr. Stuckup, the Turkey, was taking his afternoon parade right near him. Mr. Stuckup didn’t seem to like that piece at all. Neither did Jehosophat, for that matter.
“’The boy’”—he began again.
“Gobble, gobble,” shrieked the Turkey.
“’Stood on the burning—’”
“Gobble, gobble,” again rudely interrupted Mr. Stuckup.
So Jehosophat went around to the side of the house by the Lilac Bush. He stood up straight and tried it all over again.
“’The boy stood on the burning deck’—get down, get down !” he yelled. Now that was strange. It sounded as if he were telling the boy to get down off that deck. But it was only Wienerwurst he was talking to. For, when he made that fine gesture which Teacher had shown them, Wienerwurst, who had crept up behind him, thought his master was playing some game, and jumped up at his outstretched fingers.
So once more Jehosophat picked up his reader, and walked over to the Crying Tree, whose green willow branches trailed in the Pond.
He practised his fine bow for a while, then began. This time he actually got through the first verse all right, and was quite pleased with himself. But no sooner had he stopped than he heard behind him—
A loud
“HISS! HISS!”
Now it isn’t pleasant to try to make a good speech, and have some one hiss you when they ought to be clapping their hands. But that is just what The Foolish White Geese were doing to Jehosophat.
Once more he picked up his reader, and marched way up the Brook. He had just begun the lines all over again when Miss Cross Patch the Guinea Hen ran out from behind the barn and screeched horribly—just as he was making that fine gesture, too.
“GAWKE’E!—GAWKE’E!—GAWKE’E!”
Now to be called gawky when he thought the gesture was particularly graceful, was indeed discouraging. And, to add to his discomfort, when he tried it again—for the hundredth time, it seemed—the cows in the pasture stretched their red muzzles over the bars and called:
“BOOOOOOO!”
—just as if they wanted him to stop. And the horses whinnied:
“FUNN-NN-NN-NNY!”
It was no use, so Jehosophat rushed into the house again, stuffed some cotton in his ears, and went up in the attic, where he was sure he wouldn’t be disturbed.
Here he succeeded pretty well, and had learned two verses, and the name—which was quite important—when the supper bell rang.  It was an extra thick piece, too, which Mother gave him, probably as a prize for all his hard work.
Next morning, on the way to school, he was reciting Casabianca for practice. He tried it on the Purple Crackles that flew in the fields by the blackberry bushes; the little Gold Finches that swayed on the grasses; and the topknotted Kingbirds on the telegraph wires overhead.
And he thought he was getting on pretty well with “The boy stood on the burning deck,” when a voice took the second line right out of his mouth:
“Eating peanuts by the peck!!!!!”
Angrily he turned, and there were Fatty Hamm and Reddy Toms, Dicky Means too, and Lizzie Fizzletree, all making faces at him and mocking him with funny gestures. Surely no teacher ever taught gestures like those.
They began it all over again, reciting together. And this is the piece they made of it—you never would have recognized poor Casabianca at all:
”The boy stood on the burning deck
Eating peanuts by the peck.
His father called, he would not go
Because he loved his peanuts so!!!”
“Stop,” yelled Jehosophat, “that isn’t it at all.”
“’Tis, too,” shouted Fatty and the others together, and they repeated in one breath, as fast as they could:
”’Sfathercalled andewouldn’tgo
Causeeloved ‘ispeanutsso.”
Yes, every time Jehosophat tried to tell them what it really was, they kept shouting in singsong voices, faster and faster:
”Fathercalled ‘ewoodengo
Causeeloved ‘ispeanutsso.”
And every once in a while that little imp Lizzie Fizzletree would make outrageous bows, almost down to the ground, in imitation of Jehosophat.
Next day was the day, the great day. And all the boys came dressed in new suits, or suits made over from Father’s old trousers, with stiff collars, and ties of red, or blue, or brown; and the girls had pretty white dresses with sashes sticking out like butterflies’ wings.
Jehosophat thought they did resemble butterflies until he looked down at their feet; and then very crossly he decided that those feet spoiled “the effect .” You see, he was getting to use and to think in big words now.
But while he was looking at the regiment of feet, along came Mr. Humbleby, the Presidentboardofeducation, and all the County Trustees, and the proud parents from near and from far. You could see a long line of buggies and surries and carryalls lined against the fence.
Then the signal was given, and the Teacher took her pointer and rose, and the scholars smoothed their sashes, or their hair, and rose, too; and one and all sang,—
”My country, ‘tis of thee.”
Then there were more songs by Theentireschool and pieces by the scholars. Lizzie Fizzletree tried one all about flowers. “The Fringed Gentian,” it was called, and it was very pretty. But when Lizzie got through with it, Jehosophat didn’t think it was so beautiful. She recited it something like this:
”Dear flo’wr so cal’m and pu’re and bri’ght That op’nest in’ the qu’i-et nig’ht.”
And as she recited it she made gestures in all directions, first to one side, then to the other, just such floppy gestures as Ole Man Scarecrow would have made. That is, sometimes they looked like that, and sometimes her arms looked like the arms of a windmill.  The people started to titter, and Jehosophat started to giggle with them, when suddenly he thought of his own plight, and little shivers ran up and down his back, and his face felt very flushed and warm.
Then there were more songs by “Theentireschool”—and more pieces. My, would they never end! And then there were speeches by the Presidentboardeducation and the Trustees, who seemed to appreciate the privilege more than most of the pupils, Jehosophat thought, for they never stopped when they had the chance.
He looked out of the window. Over by the orchard, he could hear a flicker go “Rat-a-tat-tat,” boring away at the old apple tree. The sun was shining nice and warm, and he wondered if he couldn’t climb up on his seat, and drop out of the open window, and run away ever so far. He was supposed to “do his parents proud”; and if there was anything he hated, it was “doing somebody proud.” Oh, golly!
“The boy stood on the burning deck.”
Once or twice he repeated it to himself. Yes, he knew it all right. But just then Fatty Hamm, who sat behind him, leaned over and whispered,—
“Don’t forget the peanuts, Joshy!”
Jehosophat frowned and tried not to pay any attention, but the Presidentboardeducation had taken out his spectacles and was reading from a paper.
“Recitation by——.” He couldn’t seem to understand the name and put on his glasses a little nearer the end of his nose,
“Recitation by Je-hos-o-phat Green !”
How loud it sounded!
The Presidentboardeducation was looking all over the room.
“Come, come,” he said, “where is Jehosophat?”
Now that boy couldn’t rise, for the tail of his jacket had slid down in the crack of the seat, and Fatty Hamm was holding it tight so he couldn’t even move.
Again the spectacles of the Presidentboardeducation looked over the children in grave surprise. They lighted on Jehosophat.
“Come, come, my little man, there’s nothing to be afraid of.”
And the Presidentboardeducation smiled on him, with that sort of smile “grownups” always put on when they’re going to “do something for your good,” like pulling a tooth, for instance, or offering you castor oil.
There was a drone, too, of voices like the bees outside, and all eyes were looking at him. He didn’t dare look at his mother, who was hoping so hard that he would “do her proud,” or at his father, either. But he did glance once at the Toyman, who was sitting, looking very uncomfortable, in a boiled shirt and a stiff collar that almost choked his adam’s apple. His hair was slicked down extra tight, too, and he kept gazing down into his new store hat. He felt very sorry for himself, and even sorrier for Jehosophat.
But the Presidentboardeducation was saying,—
“Come, come,” again, and then,—
“Tut, tut!”
And all-of-a-sudden Fatty let go of his coat, and Jehosophat found himself on his feet and on his way to the platform.
 But he couldn’t.
He made the fine bow all right, and Mother looked at Father as much as to say,—
“There, I knew our boy could do it.”
And wonderfully he got through the first line,—”The boy stood on the burning deck.”
But then he just had to look at Fatty, and Fatty had just put a peanut up to his mouth—as a sort of signal, I guess.
“The boy stood on the burning deck,” repeated Jehosophat, forgetting the next line, and so having to stick to the first.
“The boy stood on the burning deck,” he called, louder than before.
“The boy stood on the burning deck,” still louder.
“Yes, yes, my little man,” said the Presidentboardeducation, still with that smile that Jehosophat hated so, and before he knew it he was shouting right back at the spectacles:—
”Eating peanuts by the peck.
His father called ‘e wouldngo
Causehelovedispeanutsso!”
 And the Presidentboardeducation was so startled that he almost knocked the pitcher of water off the table. And the teacher’s glasses fell off her nose, and she seemed to be unable to find them in her embarrassment—and then—the whole audience roared till the walls of the little Red Schoolhouse echoed to their laughter, and Jehosophat saw Fatty slapping his fat legs in delight.
Meanwhile, Jehosophat wasn’t losing any time. He just hurried to the window, climbed up on the seat, then on the sill, and dropped on the soft grass below, and ran up the road towards home, just as fast as he could travel.
He hadn’t gone far when he heard someone calling,—
“Hey, Sonny!”
He turned with relief.
There was the Toyman, his long legs fast catching up with the runaway. And the same old smile was on the Toyman’s face.
And when the long legs had caught up with the short ones, the Toyman put his arm around the boy’s shoulders, and they walked along like—well, like two old chums.
What was finest, too, was that he never mentioned the cause of Jehosophat’s trouble and embarrassment, which is what no really true friend ever should do.

“Not by a long sight,” the Toyman replied. “You see, sonny,” he went on to explain, very soberly, “that’s an old piece of yours and out of date. Now they’re making new arrangements and editions of books and po’try all the time. They just change with the times. And yours is a heap better than the old piece, anyway you look at it.”
Jehosophat wasn’t quite so sure. But, anyway, they had a great time “fishin’.”


The motivation behind the paper is that the tasks like NLI do not require deep modelling of the sentence structure and comparison of local text substructures followed by aggregation can also work very well
Approach
Given two sentences a and b, the model has to predict whether they have an “entailment” relationship, “neutral” relationship or “contradiction” relationship.
Embed
All the words are mapped to their corresponding word vector representation. In subsequent steps, “word” refers to the word vector representation of the actual word.
Attend
For each word i in a and j in b, obtain unnormalized attention weights *e(i, j)=F(i)TF(j) where F is a feed-forward neural network.
For i, compute a βi by performing softmax-like normalization of j using e(i, j) as the weight and normalizing for all words j in b.
βi captures the subphrase in b that is softly aligned to a.
Similarly compute αj for j.
Compare
Create two set of comparison vectors, one for a and another for b
For a, v1, i = G(concatenate(i, βi)).
Similarly for b, v2, j = G(concatenate(j, αj))
G is another feed-forward neural network.
Aggregate
Aggregate over the two set of comparison vectors to obtain v1 and v2.
Feed the aggregated results through the final classifier layer.
Multi-class cross-entropy loss function.
The paper also explains how this representation can be augmented using intra-sentence attention to the model compositional relationship between words.
Computational Complexity
Computationally, the proposed model is asymptotically as good as LSTM with attention.
Assuming that dimensionality of word vectors > length of the sentence (reasonable for the given SNLI dataset), the model is asymptotically as good as regular LSTM.
Further, the model has the advantage of being parallelizable.
Experiment
On Stanford Natural Language Inference (SNLI) dataset, the proposed model achieves the state of the art results even when it uses an order of magnitude lesser parameters than the next best model.
Adding intra-sentence attention further improve the test accuracy by 0.5 percent.
Notes
A similar approach could be tried on paraphrase detection problem as even that problem should not require very deep sentence representation. Quora Duplicate Question Detection Challenege would have been an ideal dataset but it has a lot of out-of-vocabulary information related to named entities which need to be accounted for.


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