Body Class
Base class for all body types.
Constructor
Body
-
[options]
Parameters:
-
[options]
Object optional-
[position]
Vec3 optional -
[velocity]
Vec3 optional -
[angularVelocity]
Vec3 optional -
[quaternion]
Quaternion optional -
[mass]
Number optional -
[material]
Material optional -
[type]
Number optional -
[linearDamping=0.01]
Number optional -
[angularDamping=0.01]
Number optional -
[allowSleep=true]
Boolean optional -
[sleepSpeedLimit=0.1]
Number optional -
[sleepTimeLimit=1]
Number optional -
[collisionFilterGroup=1]
Number optional -
[collisionFilterMask=1]
Number optional -
[fixedRotation=false]
Boolean optional -
[shape]
Body optional
-
Example:
var body = new Body({
mass: 1
});
var shape = new Sphere(1);
body.addShape(shape);
world.add(body);
Item Index
Methods
- addEventListener
- addShape
- applyForce
- applyImpulse
- applyLocalForce
- applyLocalImpulse
- computeAABB
- dispatchEvent
- getVelocityAtWorldPoint
- hasEventListener
- pointToLocalFrame
- pointToWorldFrame
- removeEventListener
- sleep
- sleepTick
- updateBoundingRadius
- updateInertiaWorld
- updateMassProperties
- updateSolveMassProperties
- vectorToLocalFrame
- vectorToWorldFrame
- wakeUp
Properties
- aabb
- aabbNeedsUpdate
- allowSleep
- angularDamping
- angularVelocity
- AWAKE static
- collisionFilterGroup
- collisionFilterMask
- collisionResponse
- DYNAMIC static
- fixedRotation
- force
- inertia
- initAngularVelocity
- initPosition
- initQuaternion
- initVelocity
- invInertia
- invInertiaSolve
- invInertiaWorld
- invInertiaWorldSolve
- invMass
- KINEMATIC static
- linearDamping
- mass
- material
- position
- postStep deprecated
- preStep deprecated
- previousPosition
- quaternion
- shapeOffsets
- shapeOrientations
- shapes
- SLEEPING static
- sleepSpeedLimit
- sleepState
- sleepTimeLimit
- SLEEPY static
- STATIC static
- torque
- type
- velocity
- world
Methods
addEventListener
-
type
-
listener
Add an event listener
Parameters:
-
type
String -
listener
Function
Returns:
The self object, for chainability.
addShape
-
shape
-
offset
-
quaternion
Add a shape to the body with a local offset and orientation.
Parameters:
-
shape
Shape -
offset
Vec3 -
quaternion
Quaternion
Returns:
The body object, for chainability.
applyForce
-
force
-
worldPoint
Apply force to a world point. This could for example be a point on the Body surface. Applying force this way will add to Body.force and Body.torque.
applyImpulse
-
impulse
-
worldPoint
Apply impulse to a world point. This could for example be a point on the Body surface. An impulse is a force added to a body during a short period of time (impulse = force * time). Impulses will be added to Body.velocity and Body.angularVelocity.
applyLocalForce
-
force
-
localPoint
Apply force to a local point in the body.
applyLocalImpulse
-
force
-
localPoint
Apply locally-defined impulse to a local point in the body.
computeAABB
()
Updates the .aabb
dispatchEvent
-
event
Emit an event.
Parameters:
-
event
Object-
type
String
-
Returns:
The self object, for chainability.
getVelocityAtWorldPoint
-
worldPoint
-
result
Get world velocity of a point in the body.
Returns:
The result vector.
hasEventListener
-
type
-
listener
Check if an event listener is added
Parameters:
-
type
String -
listener
Function
Returns:
pointToLocalFrame
-
worldPoint
-
result
Convert a world point to local body frame.
Returns:
pointToWorldFrame
-
localPoint
-
result
Convert a local body point to world frame.
Returns:
removeEventListener
-
type
-
listener
Remove an event listener
Parameters:
-
type
String -
listener
Function
Returns:
The self object, for chainability.
sleep
()
Force body sleep
sleepTick
-
time
Called every timestep to update internal sleep timer and change sleep state if needed.
Parameters:
-
time
NumberThe world time in seconds
updateBoundingRadius
()
Update the bounding radius of the body. Should be done if any of the shapes are changed.
updateInertiaWorld
()
Update .inertiaWorld and .invInertiaWorld
updateMassProperties
()
Should be called whenever you change the body shape or mass.
updateSolveMassProperties
()
If the body is sleeping, it should be immovable / have infinite mass during solve. We solve it by having a separate "solve mass".
vectorToLocalFrame
-
worldPoint
-
result
Convert a world vector to local body frame.
Returns:
vectorToWorldFrame
-
localVector
-
result
Convert a local body point to world frame.
Returns:
wakeUp
()
Wake the body up.
Properties
aabbNeedsUpdate
Boolean
Indicates if the AABB needs to be updated before use.
allowSleep
Boolean
If true, the body will automatically fall to sleep.
Default: true
angularDamping
Number
AWAKE
Number
static
collisionFilterGroup
Number
collisionFilterMask
Number
collisionResponse
Number
Whether to produce contact forces when in contact with other bodies. Note that contacts will be generated, but they will be disabled.
DYNAMIC
Number
static
A dynamic body is fully simulated. Can be moved manually by the user, but normally they move according to forces. A dynamic body can collide with all body types. A dynamic body always has finite, non-zero mass.
fixedRotation
Boolean
Set to true if you don't want the body to rotate. Make sure to run .updateMassProperties() after changing this.
Default: false
invMass
Number
KINEMATIC
Number
static
A kinematic body moves under simulation according to its velocity. They do not respond to forces. They can be moved manually, but normally a kinematic body is moved by setting its velocity. A kinematic body behaves as if it has infinite mass. Kinematic bodies do not collide with other static or kinematic bodies.
linearDamping
Number
mass
Number
Default: 0
postStep
Function
deprecated
Callback function that is used AFTER stepping the system. Inside the function, "this" will refer to this Body object.
preStep
Function
deprecated
Callback function that is used BEFORE stepping the system. Use it to apply forces, for example. Inside the function, "this" will refer to this Body object.
shapeOffsets
Array
shapeOrientations
Array
shapes
Array
SLEEPING
Number
static
sleepSpeedLimit
Number
If the speed (the norm of the velocity) is smaller than this value, the body is considered sleepy.
Default: 0.1
sleepState
Number
Current sleep state.
sleepTimeLimit
Number
If the body has been sleepy for this sleepTimeLimit seconds, it is considered sleeping.
Default: 1
SLEEPY
Number
static
STATIC
Number
static
A static body does not move during simulation and behaves as if it has infinite mass. Static bodies can be moved manually by setting the position of the body. The velocity of a static body is always zero. Static bodies do not collide with other static or kinematic bodies.
type
Number
One of: Body.DYNAMIC, Body.STATIC and Body.KINEMATIC.


[1]
Excellent Shots; Heavy would prefer P&S
[2]
Exposure compensation controls, stereo microphone; unstable exposures with external flash


Russell Kane has appeared in 47 episodes between 2008-2019. Russell Kane on Wikipedia. Russell Kane on Chortle.


:to take a diagonal course, direction, or path
:to turn or incline from a right line or a level :slope
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Calico Critters Mango Monkey Family
Calico Critters Biography Information
Father, Phil is a famous botanist and spends his days in the forest. He likes discovering new plants and flowers. He brings his wife home a bouquet of beautiful flowers every day.
Mother, Kemely is a famous artist in Calico Village. She especially loves drawing the plants and flowers her husband brings her. She also likes baking and decorating her cakes with colorful suger flowers.
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The goal of Superpower
is to easily simulate factorial designs and empirically calculate power using a simulation approach. This package and its functions are intended to be utilized for prospective (a priori) power analysis. In addition to this site we have written a short book documenting a wide range of applications of this package and how to perform power analysis outside this R package using custom code.
You can install the most recent version of Superpower
from GitHub with:
devtools::install_github("arcaldwell49/Superpower")
Or you can install the stable version of Superpower from CRAN with:
install.packages("Superpower")
We started this project to create a simple way to do ANOVA power calculations that the average experimental scientist can use. However, there are many cases that an ANOVA may not be appropriate. Therefore, we suggest using other packages such as simr
which allows for linear and generalized mixed models. Custom code can also be written and for such specialized simulations we highly recommend the simstudy
R package. For sequential analyses and adaptive designs the rpact
package will also be very helpful.


Setting up Ruby on Rails using RVM in Arch Linux, Ruby, Rails
Install Ruby on Rails using RVM - Arch Linux
Difficulty: 1
Time: 30 minutes
Ruby on Rails® is a well-known open source stack for web application development. With Ruby Version Manager (RVM) you can easily manage multiple Ruby application environments and switch between them in a most efficient way.
This article will assist you on how to install Ruby on Rails in Arch Linux using RVM, and assumes that you have sudo privileges to perform this task. You may want to visit the Initial Server Setup - Arch Linux article to setup your Arch Linux server.
Install RVM
- Update all the packages.
sudo pacman -Sy
- Start with installing curl, if it's not already installed.
sudo pacman -S curl
- Install RVM by typing:
sudo curl -L get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
- After you have run the above command, there is one more dependency that needs to be fixed, so type the following command:
sudo curl -sSL https://rvm.io/mpapis.asc | gpg2 --import -
sudo curl -L https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
- Open
.bashrc
file by typing:
sudo vim .bashrc
- Add the lines in this example at the end of the file.
[[ -s "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm" ]] && source "$HOME/.rvm/scripts/rvm"
- Close the session, log in back to apply the changes, and then install the dependencies of RVM.
rvm requirements
Install Ruby
- Before you can install Ruby, you need to install Rails.
sudo pacman -S libyaml
- Install Ruby with RVM.
rvm install ruby
- The Rail asset pipeline needs JavaScript runtime to compile code. On Arch Linux, Node.js (a server-side JavaScript environment) is preferred. To install Node.js, type the following command:
sudo pacman -S nodejs
Install RubyGems
-
Install gems using RVM.
rvm rubygems current
Setup Rails
This task will take some time, so have patience. Once completed, Ruby on Rails will be installed.
- To install Rails, type:
gem install rails
- Check the installed versions of Ruby and Rails.
ruby -v
rails -v
- Create the project directory for your Rail project by typing the following commands:
sudo mkdir -p /usr/local/src/rail_project
- Move to the newly created directory, and grant all the required access using following commands:
cd /usr/local/src/rail_project
sudo chmod 777 /usr/local/src/rail_project
rails new HelloWorld
cd HelloWorld
rails server
Your Rails server should be running now.
- You can bind your Rails application using the following command:
rails server --binding=[your public IP]
Your new application is ready and can be accessed by visiting your_public_IP_or_domain:3000 (3000 is default port).
Next steps
In this article, we reviewed the steps involved in installing RVM, Ruby, RubyGems, and finally Rails in Arch Linux environment, which is known for being lightweight and flexible.
For more information on RVM, read the article: Use RVM to manage Ruby installations.


Resist Chance
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Magic Crit Rating
Lvl 5 +24
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Level 5 +17.5
Physical Resistance
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Magic Resistance
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Magic Armor
Lvl 5 +80
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Level 5 +80
Ability Level
Lvl 5 +5
Spell Recovery Time
Level 5 +21%
Hit Recovery Time
Level 5 +22%


Requires iOS 6 or higher.
Abstergo allows you to manage your notifications better.
You can clear individual notifications from the lock screen and Notification Center by swiping on a notification. From the lock screen, clear all notifications on screen by swiping down in the notification list to show a slideable Clear All option.
Add a reminder to a notification to re-alert you of it after the time you set. Show the reminder options by tapping and holding on a notification from the lock screen, Notification Center, or even on notification banners. Remove a reminder by tapping and holding on a notification in the lock screen or Notification Center to show a Clear Reminder option.
From the Messages application, you can add a reminder to a message by tapping and holding on a message from the other person in the conversation.
There are no settings to configure. Go to Settings > Abstergo to contact us via email or Twitter.


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Test case: Switch role and input type datetime, month, week addition
Switch role and input type datetime, month, week addition
Switch role and input type datetime, month, week addition
op2
datetime
month
week


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private fun createPersonSelector(dialog: AlertDialog): RecyclerView
Returns the View used for the displaying a list of all people.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {%block title%}
Thanks. I've received your message, I'll be in touch within 24 hours. Promise.
Abu Al Asfahani Road, Karachi
Jinnah Road, Quetta
+92<PHONE_NUMBER>
081 1234567
contact.techinsolutions@gmail.com


VISED
ABOUT
face
What is VISED?
VISED is an interactive website that help novices learn sketching.
lightbulb_outline
Instructions for Use
Go to the homepage and follow the flow step by step!
whatshot
Contact Me
Any suggestion? My email address is xiaofei2@andrew.cmu


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Before Change
// classfier data to a temporary file and give it to vigra.
tmpDir = tempfile.mkdtemp()
cachePath = os.path.join(tmpDir, "tmp_classifier_cache.h5").replace("\\", "/")
with h5py.File(cachePath, "w") as cacheFile:
cacheFile.copy(classifierGroup, self.name)
forests = []
After Change
from lazyflow.classifiers import ParallelVigraRfLazyflowClassifier
classifier_type = ParallelVigraRfLazyflowClassifier
try:
classifier = classifier_type.deserialize_hdf5( classifierGroup )
except:
return
// Now force the classifier into our classifier cache. The
// downstream operators (e.g. the prediction operator) can
// use the classifier without inducing it to be re-trained.
// (This assumes that the classifier we are loading is
// consistent with the images and labels that we just
// loaded. As soon as training input changes, it will be
// retrained.)
self.cache.forceValue( classifier )
class SerialCountingSlot(SerialSlot):
For saving a random forest classifier.


James R. Barth∗+, Aron Betru∗, Matthew Brigida∗×, and Christopher Lee∗
In this report we highlight the difficulties minority-owned small businesses face in obtaining funding from financial institutions. Our findings highlight the role of Minority-Owned Depository Institutions (MDIs) in providing funding to these small businesses, and thereby acting as economic development engines in these communities.
Factors affecting small-business lending:
Opportunity zones were created as part of the recent Tax Cut and Jobs Act. The Treasury has identified distressed communities throughout the country. Investment in these communities will receive tax incentives.
Our panel data are obtained from the Call Reports banks are required to file with the FDIC.
This model investigates the determinants of changes in small-business lending in our panel. We estimate a fixed-effect model with bank fixed effects ($\alpha_{i}$). Each independent variable is lagged one year relative to the dependent variable. We use two dependent variables, the percent change in the (1) dollar amount, and (2) number of small business loans. The model has the following specification:
$\% \Delta SB\ Loans$$ = \beta_1 ($$Capital\ Ratio$$) +$
$+ \beta_2 \frac{Amt.\ SB\ Loans}{TA} + \beta_3$$ROA$$ + \beta_4 \frac{NPA}{TA} + $
$+ \beta_5 \frac{Deposits}{TA} + \beta_6$$log(TA)$$ + \beta_7 (post\ crisis) +$
$ +\beta_8 (fin\ crisis) + \beta_9 (de\ novo) + \beta_{10}TE$
$\beta_{11}$$(ln(TA)*ROA)$$ + \beta_{12}$$(ln(TA)*NPA)$
$ + $$\alpha_{i}$$ + \epsilon_{it}$
where SB denotes Small Business, NPA denotes Non-Performing Assets, and TA denotes Total Assets. post crisis is an indicator variable for the years 2012--2015 inclusive. fin. crisis is an indicator for the years 2008 through 2011. de novo indicates the bank is less than 5 years old.
This model investigates the determinants of changes in bank $ROA$ and $NPA$. It has firm fixed effects ($\alpha_{i}$). Each independent variable is lagged one year relative to the dependent variable. The model has the following specification:
$ROA$$ = \beta_1 ($$Capital\ Ratio$$) +$
$+ \beta_2 \frac{Amt.\ SB\ Loans}{TA} + \beta_3$$\% \Delta SB\ Loans$$ + \beta_4 \frac{NPA}{TA} + $
$+ \beta_5 \frac{Deposits}{TA} + \beta_6$$log(TA)$$ + \beta_7 (post\ crisis) +$
$ +\beta_8 (fin\ crisis) + \beta_9 (de\ novo) + \beta_{10}$$(log(TA)*NPA)$ $+ $$\alpha_{i}$$ + \epsilon_{it}$
$NPA$$ = \beta_1 ($$Capital\ Ratio$$) +$
$+ \beta_2 \frac{Amt.\ SB\ Loans}{TA} + \beta_3$$\% \Delta SB\ Loans$$ + \beta_4 \frac{ROA}{TA} + $
$+ \beta_5 \frac{Deposits}{TA} + \beta_6$$log(TA)$$ + \beta_7 (post\ crisis) +$
$ +\beta_8 (fin\ crisis) + \beta_9 (de\ novo) + \beta_{10}$$(log(TA)*ROA)$
$+ $$\alpha_{i}$$ + \epsilon_{it}$
where SB denotes Small Business, NPA denotes Non-Performing Assets, and TA denotes Total Assets. post crisis is an indicator variable for the years 2012--2015 inclusive. fin. crisis is an indicator for the years 2008 through 2011. de novo indicates the bank is less than 5 years old.


{% extends "public/index.html" %} {% load thumbnail get_settings compressed %} {% block header %} {% if request.GET.ref %} {% elif request.GET.share %} {% else %} {% endif %} {% if request.GET.ref %}
{{ project.description }}
{# {% if project.blockchain_name %}#} {#You can fund project tasks and help project development. Some funders receive project tokens.
{% if project.blockchain_state %} See the roadmap {% endif %} Why do I need project tokens?
{{ problem.problem|default_if_none:''|linebreaksbr }}
{{ problem.solution|default_if_none:''|linebreaksbr }}
Project team will help you integrate this project for ${{ project.integration_price }}
{% else %}The team doesn't provide this service at the moment.
{% endif %}You can prioritize any task with your donation or set a new one.
{{ milestone.description|default_if_none:''|truncatewords:"70" }}
{% if milestone.conditioned_time and milestone.min_donate %}This task should be completed within {{ milestone.conditioned_time }} day after ${{ milestone.min_donate }} raised. Otherwise your donation will be refunded.
{% endif %} {{ milestone.dateCreate|date:"d.m.Y" }}Task done / Open
Bounty
Donated
#} {# Hours spent#} {#
#} {##} {# Things done#} {#
#} {##} {# Registrations/Downloads#} {#
#} {##} {# Donates recd#} {#
#} {#Co-sponsors and project authors get the project digital shares which allow them to receive 10% of all further project tasks payments. You can ask the team for getting project digital shares. Your proposal will be sent to all token holders of the project.


Please test the current state on real mobile devices, not on the desktop browser.
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This is a javascript / WebGL (on
three.js
) /
bootstrap
implementation of
Conway's Game of Life.
Key Controls:
- Hold down [Space] - Slide Board, mouse to move camera, mouse wheel to zoom
- Hold down [Control] - Turn mouse into erase cursor
- Otherwise use the mouse to draw living cells
https://github.com/esscbee/thats-life


?O
1
cm
6
7
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9
10
copyright
reserved
The
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York
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Garden
New
York
Botanical
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Arthur
Cronquist,
1944
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near
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Legend -
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Binotto refuses to comment on Leclerc-Vettel discussions
by Joseph TyrrellThe hot topic during the first few days in Abu Dhabi has been the conversations had at Ferrari following the crash at Interlagos that ended Sebastian Vettel and Charles Leclerc's race. However, Mattia Binotto has insisted what was said will be kept behind closed doors.
Vettel and Leclerc were both forced to retire from the Brazilian Grand Prix after the German tried to retake his position which he'd lost moments earlier. The slightest of touches caused both drivers out the race, both laying the blame at each other's door.
Ferrari boss Mattia Binotto refused to comment on what was said in the discussions after the incident.
"There are no answers here. It's something we discuss internally," Binotto said as quoted by Motorsport.com.
"They are both very good drivers, they know exactly what to do. It's unfortunate what happened.
"Is there one driver more to blame than the other? I think it's not important. Maybe that time it could have been Seb, maybe next time it could be Charles.
"They are two drivers, fighting, and they can make mistakes. What's important is to know the next time, it's not happening again.
"There's not much to discuss. It's been between us, something we discussed at our factory, and I'm happy to keep it between us."


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--- layout: post title: ruby alias and alias_method 1.8.x, 1.9.x, 2.0.x date: '2013-02-26T13:37:00+01:00' tags: - ruby - alias_method - alias category: 'Programming' tumblr_url: http://andywenk.tumblr.com/post/44058808417/ruby-alias-and-alias-method-1-8-x-1-9-x-2-0-x ---
Moin Moin,
it took me a moment to understand how this is working. Actually there are no good examples for the usage of alias and alias_method in the w3 so I decided to post this here.
The code for the examples can be found here: https://gist.github.com/andywenk/5038259
Here is a basic example for the usage of alias:
The output is:
Example with the usage of alias
I am the total perfect method
The first thing to mention, is that this will not work, when one is writing the alias line before the even_nicer_method. The reason is, that alias is a Ruby keyword and is immediately executed, when the source is parsed. So the method even_nicer_method has to be declared in advance.
Now an example for the usage of alias_method:
The output is:
Example with the usage of alias
AliasMethod::even_nicer_method called
On first sight, it seems to be the same. The big difference is found in scoping. Here is an example using inheritance which is working also in both ways:
The output is for both alias and alias_method:
Example for inheritance
I am the Mother
But when using class methods, things are changing:
In this constructed situation, a class method my_name is defined in MotherScope and is beeing called in ChildScope. So the question is, how self is handled.
The output when using alias in MotherScope.my_name is:
Example for class methods in inheritance (scope!)
I am the Mother
The output when using alias_method in MotherScope.my_name is:
Example for class methods in inheritance (scope!)
I am the Child
Why? Because when using alias, self is the thing when parsing the source code. That means, self “is pointing” to MotherScope. But when using alias_method, the scope is the one found during runtime!
I hope this makes the usage and difference between alias and alias_method clear. While writing this I found these two posts - so yes there are at least some posts ;-):
http://andreacfm.com/2012/11/29/ruby-alias-vs-alias-method/
http://blog.bigbinary.com/2012/01/08/alias-vs-alias-method.html
Cheers


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November 18th, 2014
How I Met Your Mother (HIMYM) ended on March 31st. I caught the big one-hour finale the day after, and I really thought that it was one big April Fool’s joke.
It wasn’t; I was disappointed. I got over it though. Here’s what I think (spoilers):
HIMYM is about stories, and the main one is the tale of Ted Mosby’s journey towards meeting the mother of his children. We see a year 2030 version of him, during the intro of every episode, and other times, telling this story to his kids. The show serves as a visualization of this word-of-mouth story to us, the viewers. It does not stop there though. Each scene of the show is a sub-story, and the scenes transitions through narration by future Ted Mosby that addresses to the children in year 2030. Each episode contains morals learned by the gang of five, which Ted Mosby concludes to his kids at the end of every episode. As the future Ted collects (and sometimes misses then later tells) different segments of his journey to find his wife, we see many flashbacks and flash-forwards. This is normal in story-telling. …
This story-telling theme sets the mood of the show. We feel like we are being told a entertaining story by someone familiar. We also get to know the characters, and there would be very little mystery (aside from Barney’s bizarre plans) to each character - we would know exactly how each character’s reactions to an incident.
That was why I stayed with the show - I got familiar with the characters. And now I must understand that stories do not always have nice, perfect endings.
Up to the very end last episode of the show, almost every other story has been resolved. Barney and Robin were married and their future is looking bright; Marshall and Lily are having a third child and figured out their next steps; Ted was moving to Chicago which we know is not going to happen. All that is left then is for Ted to meet her, the mother. HIMYM had such a success building up to this story that viewers like us cannot wait to see its finale. We expected it to be magical; we wanted it to warm our hearts; we needed to see it succeed.
But the finale was not any of that. We instead saw the gang part ways,
Optimism and reality, friends.
It turns out that everything that the show was built on, everything that we were expecting, was just optimism doing its work. Ted was the most optimistic guy in New York, looking for his
Robin: How do you do this Ted? How do you sit out here, all night, on the roof, in the cold, and still have faith your pumpkin is going to show up?
Look I know that odds are, the love of my life isn’t gonna magically walk through that door in a pumpkin costume at 2:43 in the morning, but it seems as nice a spot as any to just, you know, sit and wait.
  The gang met parenthood (maybe not for Robin), and in it comes responsibilities and commitments that takes time away from all the crazy and fun things that the gang lives through.
I expected a perfect ending when I watched the finale, and I got struck with reality. How I Met Your Mother did not have a happy ending, but I must learn that this is more realistic than any other ending.


Before Change
except (httpclient.HTTPError, RuntimeError) as e:
// Basically if not on EC2 do a hack and try to connect to
// internet and see what the local ip is.
s = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_DGRAM)
s.connect(("<IP_ADDRESS>", 53))
ips.append(s.getsockname()[0])
s.close()
finally:
if http_client is not None:
After Change
if external_ip is None:
print("Did not auto detect external ip. Please go to "
f"{REMOTE_DOC} for debugging hints.")
return
timeout_secs = config.get_option("proxy.waitForConnectionSecs")
url = "http://{}:{}/?name={}".format(external_ip, port, quoted_name)
print("Please connect to %s within %s seconds." % (url, timeout_secs))


Admin Quick Start¶
This document will cover installation and administration points of Singularity on a Linux host. This will also cover an overview of configuring Singularity, Singularity architecture, and the Singularity security model.
For any additional help or support contact the Sylabs team, or send a email to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Installation¶
This section will explain how to install Singularity from an RPM. If you want more information on installation, including alternate installation procedures and options for other operating systems, see the user guide installation page.
Install Dependencies¶
Before we build the RPM, we need to install some dependencies:
$ sudo yum -y update && sudo yum -y install \
wget \
rpm-build \
git \
gcc \
libuuid-devel \
openssl-devel \
libseccomp-devel \
squashfs-tools \
epel-release
$ sudo yum -y install golang
Download and Build the RPM¶
The Singularity tarball for building the RPM is available on the Github release page.
$ export VERSION=3.0.2 # this is the singularity version, change as you need
$ wget https://github.com/sylabs/singularity/releases/download/v${VERSION}/singularity-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \
rpmbuild -tb singularity-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \
sudo rpm --install -vh ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/singularity-${VERSION}-1.el7.x86_64.rpm && \
rm -rf ~/rpmbuild singularity-${VERSION}*.tar.gz
Setting localstatedir
¶
The local state directories used by singularity
at runtime will be placed
under the supplied prefix
option. This will cause issues if that directory
tree is read-only or if it is shared between several hosts or nodes that might
run singularity
simultaneously.
In such cases, you should specify the localstatedir
option. This will
override the prefix
option, instead placing the local state directories
within the path explicitly provided. Ideally this should be within the local
filesystem, specific to only a single host or node.
In the case of a cluster, admins must ensure that the localstatedir
exists
on all nodes with root:root
ownership and 0755
permissions
rpmbuild -tb --define='_localstatedir /mnt' singularity-${VERSION}.tar.gz
Configuration¶
There are several ways to configuring Singularity. Head over to the Configuration files section where most of the conf files and setting of configuration options are discussed.
Singularity Architecture¶
The architecture of Singularity allows containers to be executed as if they were native programs or scripts on a host system.
As a result, integration with schedulers such as Univa Grid Engine, Torque, SLURM, SGE, and many others is as simple as running any other command. All standard input, output, errors, pipes, IPC, and other communication pathways used by locally running programs are synchronized with the applications running locally within the container.
Singularity Security¶
Security of the Container Runtime¶
The Singularity security model is unique among container platforms. The bottom line? Untrusted users (those who don’t have root access and aren’t getting it) can run untrusted containers (those that have not been vetted by admins) safely. There are a few pieces of the model to consider.
First, Singularity’s design forces a user to have the same UID and GID context
inside and outside of the container. This is accomplished by dynamically writing
entries to /etc/passwd
and /etc/groups
at runtime. This design makes it
trivially easy for a user inside the container to safely read and write data to
the host system with correct ownership, and it’s also a cornerstone of the
Singularity security context.
Second, Singularity mounts the container file system with the nosuid
flag
and executes processes within the container with the PR_SET_NO_NEW_PRIVS
bit set. Combined with the fact that the user is the same inside and outside of
the container, this prevents a user from escalating privileges.

Security of the Container Itself¶
A malicious container may not be able to damage your system, but it could still do harm in the user’s space without escalating privileges.
Starting in Singularity 3.0, containers may be cryptographically signed when they are built and verified at runtime via PGP keys. This allows a user to ensure that a container is a bit-for-bit reproduction of the container produced by the original author before they run it. As long as the user trusts the individual or company that created the container, they can run the container without worrying.
Key signing and verification is made easy using the Sylabs Keystore infrastructure. Join the party! And get more information about signing and verifying in the Singularity user guide.
Administrator Control of Users’ Containers¶
Singularity provides several ways for administrators to control the specific containers that users can run.
Admins can set directives in the
singularity.conf
file to limit container access.limit container owners: Only allow containers to be used when they are owned by a given user (default empty)
limit container groups: Only allow containers to be used when they are owned by a given group (default empty)
limit container paths: Only allow containers to be used that are located within an allowed path prefix (default empty)
allow container squashfs: Limit usage of image containing squashfs filesystem (default yes)
allow container extfs: Limit usage of image containing ext3 filesystem (default yes)
allow container dir: Limit usage of directory image (default yes)
Admins can also whitelist or blacklist containers through the ECL (Execution Control List) located in
ecl.toml
. This method is available in >=3.0:This file describes execution groups in which SIF (default format since 3.0) images are checked for authorized loading/execution. The decision is made by validating both the location of the SIF file and by checking against a list of signing entities.
Fakeroot feature¶
Fakeroot (or commonly referred as rootless mode) allows an unprivileged user to run a container as a “fake root” user by leveraging user namespace UID/GID mapping.
Note
This feature requires a Linux kernel >= 3.8, but the recommended version is >= 3.18
Some distributions doesn’t enable user namespace by default, so you will need to enable it to use fakeroot:
$ sudo sysctl -w user.max_user_namespaces=10000
Note
If the above command doesn’t work, please refer to the documentation of your distribution documentation to figure out how to enable user namespace
For unprivileged installation of Singularity or if allow setuid = no
is set in singularity.conf
,
Singularity attempts to use external setuid binaries newuidmap
and newgidmap
, so you need to
install those binaries on your system.
Note
CentOS/RHEL 7 doesn’t provide package for newuidmap
and newgidmap
, so you will need to
compile/install shadow-utils by yourself.
Singularity expect to find those binaries in one of those standard paths:
/bin:/sbin:/usr/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/usr/local/sbin
Basics¶
Fakeroot relies on /etc/subuid
and /etc/subgid
to find the use fakeroot mappings, which
means that users added in those files could use the fakeroot feature, user mappings must be added
in files /etc/subuid
and /etc/subgid
, here a valid entry for user foo
:
For /etc/subuid
:
foo:100000:65536
where foo
is the username, 100000
is the start of UID range and 65536
the range count.
Same for /etc/subgid
:
foo:100000:65536
where foo
is the username, 100000
is the start of GID range and 65536
the range count.
Note
Some distributions already adds the main user by default in those files.
Warning
All entries with a range count different from 65536 are not considered valid by Singularity.
It’s also important to ensure that the start range doesn’t overlap with existing UID/GID on your system.
So if you want to add another user bar
, /etc/subuid
and /etc/subgid
will look like:
foo:100000:65536
bar:165536:65536
Resulting in the following allocation:
User |
Host UID |
UID/GID range |
|---|---|---|
foo |
1000 |
100000 to 165535 |
bar |
1001 |
165536 to 231071 |
It allows unprivileged users to change current UID/GID to any UID/GID between 0 and 65536 inside container. It also impacts files and directories ownership depending of UID/GID set in container during file/directory creation.
Filesystem consideration¶
Based on the above range, here we can see what happens when the user foo
create files with --fakeroot
feature:
Create file with container UID |
Created host file owned by UID |
|---|---|
0 (default) |
1000 |
1 (daemon) |
100000 |
2 (bin) |
100001 |
Network consideration¶
With fakeroot, users can request a container network named fakeroot
, other networks are restricted and
can only be used by root user. This network is configured to use a network veth pair, it’s strongly advised
to not change the network type in network/40_fakeroot.conflist
file for security reasons.
Warning
Unprivileged installation could not use fakeroot
network as it requires privileges to setup the network.
Updating Singularity¶
Updating Singularity is just like installing it, but with the --upgrade
flag
instead of --install
. Make sure you pick the latest tarball from the Github
release page.
$ export VERSION=3.0.2 # the newest singularity version, change as you need
$ wget https://github.com/sylabs/singularity/releases/download/v${VERSION}/singularity-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \
rpmbuild -tb singularity-${VERSION}.tar.gz && \
sudo rpm --upgrade -vh ~/rpmbuild/RPMS/x86_64/singularity-${VERSION}-1.el7.x86_64.rpm && \
rm -rf ~/rpmbuild singularity-${VERSION}*.tar.gz
Uninstalling Singularity¶
If you install Singularity using RPM, you can uninstall it again in just a one
command: (Just use sudo
, or do this as root)
$ sudo rpm --erase singularity


Multiple times, just to make sure.
Díaz-León, Esa. 2015a.
“In Defence of
Historical Constructivism about
Races.” Ergo, an Open Access Journal of
Philosophy 2.
https://doi.org/gng6nw.
———. 2015b.
“What Is Social
Construction?” European Journal of
Philosophy 23 (4): 1137–52.
https://doi.org/gh868s.
———. 2016.
“Woman as a Politically
Significant Term: A
Solution to the Puzzle.”
Hypatia, February, 245–58.
https://doi.org/gmxkw5.
Dotson, Kristie. 2016.
“Word to the Wise:
Notes on a Black Feminist
Metaphilosophy of Race.” Philosophy
Compass 11 (2): 69–74.
https://doi.org/gng6nv.
Haslanger, Sally. 2012. Resisting Reality:
Social Construction and Social
Critique. Oxford: Oxford University Press.


"You Can Count On Me"
Sammy and Terry Prescott (Laura Linney and Mark Ruffalo) were orphaned as kids when their mother and father were killed in a car accident. Since then, the siblings have drifted apart. Sammy put down roots in the small, upstate New York town of Scottsville with her young son Rudy (Rory Culkin). Terry is a troubled wanderer who ekes out an existence and not much more. When he abruptly leaves his pregnant girlfriend, he heads for Scottsville and his sister to borrow some money. Terry's arrival disrupts Sammy's quiet, stable life in tyro director Kenneth Lonergan's "You Can Count On Me."
Terry's unexpected arrival in Scottsville coincides with Sammy getting a new boss at the bank where she works. Brian Everett (Matthew Broderick) is a martinet, of sorts, whose first actions are to restrict the colors his employees use on their computer screens and put a halt to Sammy's work day excursions to pick up Rudy at school and ferry him to his sitter's home. Sammy protests Brian's decision to no avail. "You'll have to make other arrangements," he says, or else. With no other option, the distraught mother calls upon Terry to fill in for her with the daily pickup.
The temporary solution to the problem goes bad from the start when Terry forgets to pick up Rudy at school one time and takes him to a bar to play pool another. When Sammy finds out about the pool game from the town sheriff and confronts Terry with the fact, he immediately blames innocent Rudy for tattling on him. The relationship between Sammy and Terry begins to change from that of sister and brother to one of scolding mother and petulant, troublesome son. Terry and Rudy draw closer together, too, at this time. As expected, by the end of the movie, everyone loves everyone and a hopeful finale ensues.
While the brother/sister conflict boils, Sammy and Brian get into an adversarial battle between the boss man's penchant for bureaucratic BS and Sammy's desire to have the workplace be happy and cooperative. The fight soon changes as Sammy and Brian get to know and like each other. His unhappy marriage and her uncommitted situation drive the pair into each other's arms and a romance begins. Of course, a boss/worker relationship is destined to disaster and this one is no exception.
"You Can Count On Me" is straightforward story-telling about what happens to a brother and sister as they grow older and apart. Laura Linney has not had the opportunity to get the lead for a movie, until now, and holds up her end of the bargain pretty well. Mark Ruffalo is OK as the brooding, selfish, nomadic Terry and shows the most personal change by the film's end. Unfortunately, Linney and Ruffalo look as much like siblings as Gore and Bush look like brothers. This is a notable distraction. Matthew Broderick is fine as the anal retentive bureaucratic boss. Rory Culkin is nondescript as Sammy's little boy.
Kenneth Lonergan makes a sound debut effort, showing an ability to tell a story while getting convincing performances out of the principle cast, if not so the supporting players.
Hollywood doesn't usually make films about brothers and sisters and I can understand why. Who would want to watch a story about me bickering with my sister? I wouldn't.
I give "You Can Count On Me" a C+.
For more Reeling reviews visit www.reelingreviews.com
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Welcome to the world of CloudMoyo!
There is plenty to explore here...
You should be both patient and curious at same time :)
HardCoded by Master Rohit Gandhi..!!!
100% working example **** :)


| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| org.apache.fop.render.intermediate | |
| org.apache.fop.render.intermediate.extensions | |
| org.apache.fop.render.pdf |
PDF Renderer
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
IFDocumentNavigationHandler.addResolvedAction(AbstractAction action) |
void |
IFSerializer.addResolvedAction(AbstractAction action) |
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
GoToXYAction
Action class which represents a "go-to" action to an absolute coordinate on a page.
|
class |
URIAction
Action class which represents a "URI" action, i.e.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
AbstractAction |
ActionSet.get(java.lang.String id)
Returns the action with the given ID.
|
AbstractAction |
Link.getAction()
Returns the action performed when the destination is selected.
|
AbstractAction |
Bookmark.getAction()
Returns the action performed when the bookmark is clicked.
|
AbstractAction |
NamedDestination.getAction()
Returns the action performed when the destination is selected.
|
AbstractAction |
ActionSet.put(AbstractAction action)
Puts an action into the set and returns the normalized instance (another one if the given
one is equal to another.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
java.lang.String |
ActionSet.generateNewID(AbstractAction action)
Generates a new synthetic ID for an action.
|
abstract boolean |
AbstractAction.isSame(AbstractAction other)
Indicates whether two action are equal.
|
boolean |
URIAction.isSame(AbstractAction other)
Indicates whether two action are equal.
|
boolean |
GoToXYAction.isSame(AbstractAction other)
Indicates whether two action are equal.
|
AbstractAction |
ActionSet.put(AbstractAction action)
Puts an action into the set and returns the normalized instance (another one if the given
one is equal to another.
|
void |
Link.setAction(AbstractAction action)
Sets the action performed when the destination is selected.
|
void |
Bookmark.setAction(AbstractAction action)
Sets the action performed when the bookmark is clicked.
|
void |
NamedDestination.setAction(AbstractAction action)
Sets the action performed when the destination is selected.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Bookmark(java.lang.String title,
boolean show,
AbstractAction action)
Creates a new bookmark.
|
Link(AbstractAction action,
java.awt.Rectangle targetRect)
Creates a new named destination.
|
NamedDestination(java.lang.String name,
AbstractAction action)
Creates a new named destination.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
PDFDocumentNavigationHandler.addResolvedAction(AbstractAction action) |
Copyright 1999-2020 The Apache Software Foundation. All Rights Reserved.


Protein: {{ protein }}
Carbohydrates: {{ carbs }}
Fats: {{ fats }}
Sugars: {{ sugars }}
Data provided by:
No nutritional facts found :(


Medis 2 Privacy Policy
Last Updated: April 3, 2023
This Privacy Policy informs you of our policies regarding the collection, use, and disclosure of personal data when you use the Medis 2 application (the "Service"), developed by independent developers ("us", "we", or "our"). By using the Service, you agree to the collection and use of information in accordance with this policy.
Information Collection and Use
We collect several different types of information for various purposes to provide and improve our Service to you.
Types of Data Collected
Usage Data
When you access the Service through a device, we may collect certain information automatically, including, but not limited to, the type of device you use, your operating system, and other diagnostic data ("Usage Data").
Please note that all the data we collect is anonymous and does not link to a specific user. The collected data does not contain or associate with your database data, including key names, key values, database names, host, port, or database versions.
Use of Data
Medis 2 uses the collected data for various purposes:
- To provide analysis or valuable information so that we can improve the Service
- To detect, prevent, and address technical issues
Changes to This Privacy Policy
We may update our Privacy Policy from time to time. We will notify you of any changes by posting the new Privacy Policy on this page and update the "last updated" at the top of this Privacy Policy.
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In order to understand your knowledge in the required area, we ask you to perform a test task. Please send your time estimation and
the deadline to the HR manager. For example: "The tasks will take 12 hours and I plan to send it till April 20 by the end of the
day." If you think that the test task will take too much of your time and you don’t want to spend it on it, please explain why you
believe this task is so time-consuming. Thank you in advance for your time and efforts!
Requirements to the code:
General:
Strictly AngularJS
UI router for making one application out of 2 and for routing inside dominos or grades (if needed)
stub data ($http + .json les), no hardcoded values for example for initial grades
CoffeeScript is a plus
Domino
dominos should be created using CSS, no images
user should have the ability to select top part of the domino (1-6) and bottom part of the domino (1-6) when clicking new domino
button
School GPA calculator
UI grid for grades app view (including infinite scroll is a plus)


As mentioned on www.netbsd.org the german publisher C&L
has made available a book on NetBSD 1.6. The book
covers NetBSD installation (i386, macppc and others), user administration, updating
the system, kernel tuning, configuring the rc.d startup system, package
management using pkg_install and the pkgsrc tree, configuring the X window system
and using NetBSD in a networked environment (IPv4/6, DNS, NFS/NIS, FTP, Samba and the like).
Loadable kernel modules (LKMs) are quite popular on most modern operating systems such as
GNU/Linux, FreeBSD and of course
Microsoft Windows, just to name a few. They offer you the possibility to extend the kernel's
functionality at runtime without recompiling or even rebooting the system. For example nearly
every Linux device driver is available - or can be made available - as a loadable kernel module,
that can be loaded at runtime to get support for a particular device (or even a pseudo-device).
With NetBSD, LKMs are not that popular yet. At the time of this writing
only a few drivers are available as loadable modules (mostly filesystem and compat drivers, and
a few others such as the linuxrtc emulation). This might change in near future.
The loadable kernel module interface was originally designed to be similar in functionality to the
loadable kernel modules facility provided by SunOS. The lkm(4)
facility is controlled by performing ioctl(2)
calls on the /dev/lkm device, but since all operations are handled by the
modload(8),
modunload(8) and
modstat(8) programs, you should never
have to interact with /dev/lkm directly. Note, that you need to run a kernel compiled
with the LKM option in order to make use of LKMs.
Writing the module
I'd like to show you how to write a simple character device driver that does nothing but the simple job of
calculating the Fibonacci numbers (I'll therefore name
the module fibo.o and let all the function's names begin with fibo_). The driver
will provide 8 minor devices /dev/fibo0 to /dev/fibo7.
Each minor device offers the following functions:
You can open and close a device provided by this driver and you'll be able to read from it (we'll have
a closer look at the parameters later, when we discuss the actual functions). Now we need to tell the
kernel that we provide a character device with the 3 functions listed above. Therefore we need to fill
in a struct cdevsw (cdevsw means character device switch and the struct cdevsw
is defined in sys/conf.h).
enodev is a generic function that simply returns the
errno(2)ENODEV
(Operation not supported by device) which says that we does not support any operations besides
open, close and read. So, for example, whenever you try to write to the device, the
write(2) will fail with ENODEV.
Furtheron we need to tell the kernel how the module is named and where to find information about
operations provided by the module. This is a quite simple task with the lkm interface: We use the
preprocessor macro MOD_DEV, which is defined in sys/lkm.h to hand the
information over. The MOD_DEV macro was changed in NetBSD-current, therefore we use
the following construct to get things working with both NetBSD 1.6 and earlier and NetBSD 1.6H and
later (thanks to Anil Gopinath for the hint).
else
MOD_DEV("fibo", LM_DT_CHAR, -1, &fibo_dev);
endif
This means that our module is named fibo, we'll provide a character device (minor devices
are handled by the module itself, so they doesn't matter for now), we want to retrieve a dynamic major
device number from the kernel (if you want to use a specific major device number you'll need to specify
that instead of the -1, but beware of getting in conflict with other device drivers) and we
provide the information about the supported operations in fibo_dev.
In order to ensure proper unloading of the module we need to keep a global reference counter of opened
minor devices.
And furtheron we need to keep a bunch of information about each minor device.
define MAXFIBODEVS 8
static struct fibo_softc fibo_scs[MAXFIBODEVS];
As mentioned above our driver will provide 8 minor devices. Each minor device stores information about
how often it was opened (in our example each minor device can only be opened once to keep things simple),
the current number and the previous number for calculating the Fibonacci numbers. If you don't know how
to calculate the Fibonacci numbers, you should have a look on a book about algorithms, as explaining this
is beyond the scope of this article.
Each kernel module needs to have an entry point which is passed to
ld(1) by modload when the module is linked. The
default module entry point is named xxxinit. If xxxinit cannot be found, an
attempt to use modulename_lkmentry will be made, where modulename
is the filename of the module being loaded without the .o. In general the entry function will
consist entirely of a single DISPATCH line, with DISPATCH being a preprocessor
macro defined in sys/lkm.h to handle loading, unloading and stating for us. So our
fibo_lkmentry function will look like this:
Now we need a handler function for our module to do module specific tasks when loading, unloading or stating
the module. The name of this handler function is passed to DISPATCH (see above) to tell the
kernel which function it has to call when doing such things. A pointer to the module entry in the LKM table
and an integer representing the desired command (LKM_E_LOAD, LKM_E_UNLOAD or
LKM_E_STAT) are passed to the handler function. The handler is called after the module is
linked and loaded into the kernel with the LKM_E_LOAD command. Then we need to check whether
the module was already loaded into the kernel and initialize our data structures. When unloading the module,
the handler is called with the LKM_E_UNLOAD command and we need to check if the module is not
required any more (e.g. check if all devices are closed for char/block driver modules) before confirming the
unload command.
case LKM_E_UNLOAD:
/ check if a minor device is opened /
if (fibo_refcnt > 0)
return (EBUSY);
break;
case LKM_E_STAT:
break;
default:
return (EIO);
}
return (0);
}
The open function is quite simple as most of the hard stuff is already handled by the NetBSD kernel
(e.g. the kernel will automatically allocate a vnode(9)
for you). The parameters for the open function are the major and minor device numbers (use the major
and minor macros), the flag and mode arguments as described in
open(2) and a pointer to the struct proc
of the process that did the open system call.
So the first thing to do is to check if the minor device number we got when the device was opened is not out of
range, and if the minor device is not already opened. You should always keep in mind that the minor device
handling is completely up to you and that this is a never ending source of mistakes! Then we need to initialize
the minor device data (the Fibonacci starting numbers 1, 0 + 1 = 1, 1 + 1 = 2, 1 + 2 = 3, ...) and increase the
minor device and the global module reference counter.
if (minor(dev) >= MAXFIBODEVS)
return (ENODEV);
/ check if device already open /
if (fibosc->sc_refcnt > 0)
return (EBUSY);
The close function has the same parameters with the same meanings as the open function described above. It
is used to free the internal data structures of a minor device opened before. You do not need to worry whether
the device was opened before or to do things like releasing the vnode associated with the device, all you need
to do is to cleanup the module specific stuff. In our example this means decreasing the minor device and the
global module reference counters and so that our close function is quite simple.
Last but not least the read function. This function has 3 parameters: the device major and minor numbers like
in the open and close functions, a flag field indicating for example whether the read should be
done in a non-blocking fashion or such things and a pointer to a struct uio defined in
sys/uio.h. A struct uio typically describes data in motion, in case of a
read(2) system call data moved from kernel-space
to user-space. This may look a bit strange if you already did device driver progamming on GNU/Linux, but the
uio concept used by the NetBSD kernel simplifies a lot of things and provides a generic and consistent interface
for kernel-space to user-space and kernel-space to kernel-space data moving. See
uiomove(9) for more information.
Back on stage, we should first have a look at the read function and discuss the details afterwards.
if (uio->uio_resid < sizeof(u_int32_t))
return (EINVAL);
while (uio->uio_resid >= sizeof(u_int32_t)) {
int error;
So the first thing we do, is to check whether the process requests less than sizeof(u_int32_t)
bytes (actually 4 bytes). Our read function always reads a bunch of 4-byte blocks and to keep it simple
and easy to understand we disallow reading less than 4 bytes at a time (uio->uio_resid holds
the number of remaining bytes to move to user-space, automatically decreased by uiomove).
The function copies the current Fibonacci number into the user-space buffer, checks for a possible overflow
(only the first 42 Fibonacci numbers fit into u_int32_t) and calculates the next Fibonacci
number. If there is enough space left in the user-space buffer, the function loops and restarts the process
of moving, checking and calculating until the buffer is filled up to the possible maximum or
uiomove(9) returns an error. Note, that a
read(2) system call on this device will never
return 0, and so it will never reach an end-of-file (EOF), so the device will generate Fibonacci numbers
forever.
If you're familar with GNU/Linux device driver programming you might have noticed that we do not return
-ERRNO on failure, and in case of the read system call the number of bytes read, but
instead we return 0 on success and the positive errno value on failure. Everything else is
handled by the NetBSD kernel itself, so we do not need to care about.
Loading the module
Now that our device driver module is completed, we need a shell script that will be executed when the module
is successfully loaded to create the required device nodes in /dev. This shell script (or program)
is always passed three arguments: the module id (in decimal), the module type (in hexadecimal) and the character
major device number (this differs for other types of LKMs such as system call modules). So our script is pretty
simple:
First check whether all three command line arguments are present and exit with error code if not.
And finally (re)create the required special device nodes. Now we are ready to give our module a first test run.
Compile the module and load the module with the following command (this needs to be run as superuser):
If everything went well, the modstat(8) program
should present you output similar to this:
Testing the module
In order to test your new kernel module, we need a small test program that does nothing more than reading a
32bit unsigned integer value from /dev/fibo0 and outputs the value to standard output. See the
sample program below:
int
main(int argc, char **argv)
{
u_int32_t val;
int fd, ret;
if ((fd = open(DEVICE, O_RDONLY)) < 0)
err(1, "unable to open " DEVICE);
while ((ret = read(fd, &val, sizeof(val))) == sizeof(val))
printf("%u\n", val);
if (ret < 0)
err(2, "read(" DEVICE ")");
close(fd);
return 0;
}
When you run this sample test program, it will output Fibonacci numbers below<PHONE_NUMBER> until you interrupt
or kill the program. To unload the kernel module, you need to run the following command (as superuser):
The complete sources for the example above, including a Makefile, are available online at:
A tar archive with the sources can be found
here.
I hope you like this small introduction to the NetBSD lkm system. If you have any questions or if you
would like to give me some feedback, feel free to contact me.
Like most other Unix(TM)-like operating systems, the K Desktop
Environment (KDE) is also available for NetBSD. KDE is a powerful graphical desktop
environment based upon Trolltech's QT library, and is similar to other
desktop environments available for Unix(TM) workstations, such as the Common Desktop Environment
(CDE) or GNOME. It tries to combine ease of use, contemporary
functionality, and outstanding graphical design with the technological superiority of the Unix
operating system. Like NetBSD itself, KDE is also an Internet project and is licensed under the
GNU General Public License (GPL), and is therefore open source software.
Installation
It is quite easy to install the latest KDE 3 on a NetBSD system using either binary packages or
building it from pkgsrc. As I wrote this, there were no
official KDE 3 binary packages available on the ftp servers and I didn't have the space and
bandwidth to put my packages online :-(. It would be nice, if someone could provide me with a
few 100MB of web/ftp space to put my packages on, so that everyone reading this could use these
packages.
If you are not lucky to fetch some binary packages for KDE 3, then you should fetch a recent
pkgsrc from NetBSD-current (must be a post 20020830) and start building KDE from scratch.
Therefore you should change to the directory x11/kde3 in your pkgsrc tree and
start by typing make install. NOTE: Before starting to install KDE 3, you
should remove any installed KDE package and the installed QT packages (if they're older
than 3.0.5), and do a make clean on your pkgsrc tree, else the installation might
fail. After starting the installation process, you'll need to wait up to 3 days, until the
installation is complete, depending on the hardware of your machine. You might want to speed
up the installation process by mounting the filesystem that contains the pkgsrc tree with the
async option; e.g. type mount -u -o async /usr/pkgsrc, but beware,
that mounting a filesystem asyncronous may have a bad effect on your data if the computer
crashes. So, you have been warned, use this option at your own risk.
Postinstallation
Now, that KDE 3 is installed properly, all you need to do, is setup your X session to start
KDE 3. Therefore edit (maybe create) the file .xsession in your home directory
and put in the following lines:
Then mark the file executable by typing chmod +x $HOME/.xsession, login as usual
with xdm and feel happy about your new and fancy KDE desktop :-).
If you're using startx instead of xdm, you need to edit the file
.xinitrc in your home directory instead.
Using antialiased fonts
You might also want to get KDE rendering those nice fonts you saw on all those screenshots all
over the web. Therefore you'll need to have XFree86 version
4.x installed (this is the default for NetBSD 1.6 and above). Then you need to install some nice
looking TrueType or Type1 fonts, therefore you can use the freely available webfonts provided by
Microsoft, simply install the fonts/ms-ttf
package and the fonts/ttmkfdir package.
Then goto /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/fonts/TrueType and type:
After that add the following line to your /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XF86Config-4
in the Files section
and
to your /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/XftConfig. Logout from your X session and restart your
X server by hitting CTRL-ALT-BACKSPACE at your xdm login prompt. Relogin to your
KDE desktop and enable "Use Anti-Aliasing for fonts" in the KDE control center; logout again and
relogin, and choose some nice antialiased fonts (the ones with the [Xft] in the
name) for your desktop. Enjoy! ;-).
Feedback
I hope you liked my little KDE 3 HowTo and I would be pleased to
get some good (or even bad ;-) feedback from you. If you
have any problems or questions on this topic, I'll try to help you
getting things to work.
Today, there are various environmental sensor ICs available on modern mainboards, which are able of monitoring fan speed,
cpu and system temperature, and voltage for example. NetBSD currently supports the National Semiconductor LM78, LM79 and compatible
hardware monitors (the lm(4) device), the VIA VT82C686A hardware
monitor (the viaenv(4) device) and ACPI aware hardware
monitors (the acpi(4) subsystem) through its Environmental Systems API. These devices are not enabled
by default, you need to recompile your kernel with the
following additional lines in your kernel config file:
For the National Semiconductor LM78, LM79 and compatible monitors (you may need to adjust the I/O port settings):
lm0 at isa? port 0x290
For the VIA VT82C686A hardware monitor:
viapm* at pci? dev ? function ?
viaenv* at viapm?
For ACPI enabled monitors (thanks to Joel Carnat for the hint):
options MPACPI
acpi0 at mainbus0
acpiacad at acpi?
acpibat* at acpi?
acpibut* at acpi?
acpiec* at acpi?
acpilid* at acpi?
acpitz* at acpi?
After booting your new kernel, you can access your hardware sensors, using the envstat(8) command. For example, to display
all supported sensors, type envstat -l, and to actually read the environmental sensors, simply type
envstat. For more information about using the envstat(8)
tool, refer to the manpage.
During the last years, I used to install a lot of different operating systems, looking for the
system that fits my needs best. For example, I tried Microsoft Windows NT (3.51, 4.0 and 5.0
and had a quick look at 5.1), several Linux distributions (e.g.
SuSE Linux, RedHat Linux,
Debian GNU/Linux and Mandrake Linux),
FreeBSD and OpenBSD. We also tried to write
our own operating system (we named it "Socratix"), but soon we noticed, that it was an
impossible task for us to write a whole operating system (from scratch).
All those systems I tried have their particular advantages, but of course they all have their
native disadvantages. And not allowing me to fix these disadvantages (e.g. the Debian Policy
is such a disadvantage, I think), makes me become very frustrated of open source software (and
the philosophy behind it). So after all, I decided to give NetBSD
another try (I had installed NetBSD several times before, for testing reasons, but never
get really close to it). After reading Federico Lupi's
excellent NetBSD Guide I fetched
the NetBSD distribution, created an iso image out of it and burned it onto a cd. Starting off
the very straight-forward installation procedure, I was very pleased with NetBSD. It allows to
me to do exactly what I want to do, nothing more, and nothing less. The base system is very
clean and includes only the main parts of the system, so soon I decided to fetch a recent
pkgsrc.tar.gz and installed some packages (I cannot live without perl ;-). The only
thing I'm still missing about pkgsrc is a tool like portupgrade; it is currently been worked on,
and e.g. pkg_hack does nearly everything portupgrade does, but you know
It doesn't work unless it's
right :-).
After all, I think the main reason for using NetBSD is its clean design and clean development
model. The problem with the mainstream operating systems such as GNU/Linux is that people always
want to have the newest features, and so the main goal is to get this features implemented as
soon as possible, without the need to get a clean implementation. With NetBSD, you may get this
features up to one or two years later, after somebody worked out a clean and stable
implementation and a lot of testing was done on it. And when you get it, you can be sure, it
works! So, now you know, why I prefer NetBSD, and what about you? Are you still loosing time
getting your Linux distribution to work? Tired of
fixing Debian package dependencies everytime you type apt-get dist-upgrade? So,
maybe you should give NetBSD a try, but beware of making the wrong decision: NetBSD is
no mainstream operating system, so if you always want to get the latest (unstable)
features, you're better off not choosing NetBSD to run your computer!


2020 Holiday
Schedule
Memorial Day
Monday, May 25th - Closed
Routes delayed one day all week.
Independence Day
Saturday, July 4th - Closed
No Delays.
Labor Day
Monday, September 7th - Closed
Routes delayed one day all week.
Thanksgiving Day
Thursday, November 26th -
Closed
Routes delayed one day Thursday and Friday only.
Christmas Day
Friday, December 25th - Closed
Routes delayed Friday only.
New Years
Day
Friday, January 1st 2021 - Closed
Routes delayed Friday only.


| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| com.team09.qanda | |
| com.team09.qanda.controllers | |
| com.team09.qanda.esearch | |
| com.team09.qanda.models | |
| com.team09.qanda.views |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
LocalStorageHandler.deleteQuestionThread(Context context,
QuestionThread qt,
java.lang.String filename)
Deletes a given QuestionThread from local storage
|
void |
LocalStorageHandler.deleteQuestionThread(Context context,
QuestionThread qt,
java.lang.String filename,
java.lang.String id_filename)
Deletes a given QuestionThread from local storage, as well as
its associated id
|
void |
LocalStorageHandler.saveQuestionThread(Context context,
QuestionThread qt,
java.lang.String filename)
Adds a QuestionThread to a ThreadList in local storage
|
void |
LocalStorageHandler.saveQuestionThread(Context context,
QuestionThread qt,
java.lang.String filename,
java.lang.String id_filename)
Adds a QuestionThread to a ThreadList in local storage, as well as its
associated id to a separate file.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
LocalStorageHandler.saveQuestionThreads(Context context,
java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> qts,
java.lang.String filename)
Makes a ThreadList from a list of QuestionThreads and saves it to local storage
|
void |
LocalStorageHandler.saveQuestionThreads(Context context,
java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> qts,
java.lang.String filename,
java.lang.String id_filename)
Makes a ThreadList from a list of QuestionThreads and saves it to local storage, as
well as saving all of their associated ids to a separate file
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
ThreadAdapter(Context context,
QuestionThread thread)
The constructor takes the context of the QuestionThreadActivity using the adapter
and the thread to be displayed.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
ThreadListAdapter(Context context,
int layoutResourceId,
java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> threads,
boolean isMain)
The constructor takes the context of the activity using the adapter, the
resource id of the custom row layout and the QuestionThread objects to be displayed
in the form of an array list.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
ThreadListController.addThread(QuestionThread thread)
Appends a QuestionThread to the end of the
current list of QuestionThreads.
|
void |
ThreadListController.removeThread(QuestionThread thread)
Removes a given QuestionThread from the current list of QuestionThreads.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
QuestionThreadController(QuestionThread thread)
The constructor accepts a QuestionThread object, which it will use and update.
|
QuestionThreadController(QuestionThread thread,
ElasticSearchHandler esh)
An optional constructor with the choice to add a different ElasticSearchHandler.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
QuestionThread |
ESResult.get_source() |
QuestionThread |
ElasticSearchHandler.getThread(java.lang.String id)
Gets a single question from the server based on its id.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> |
ElasticSearchHandler.getThreads()
Gets the list of questions stored on the server based on the
url, index, and type passed to the constructor.
|
java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> |
ElasticSearchHandler.getThreads(io.searchbox.core.search.sort.Sort sort,
int numThreads)
Gets the questions stored on the server with optional parameters
to specify the sorting and number of threads to return.
|
java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> |
ElasticSearchHandler.getThreads(java.lang.String query,
io.searchbox.core.search.sort.Sort sort,
int numThreads)
Gets the questions stored on the server with optional parameters
to specify the sorting and number of threads to return, as well as a query to match
|
java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> |
ElasticSearchHandler.search(java.lang.String searchString)
the search method queries the Elastic Search server for QuestionThreads
based on the query provided by the searchString.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
boolean |
ElasticSearchHandler.saveThread(QuestionThread thread)
Saves a question to the server.
|
boolean |
ElasticSearchHandler.saveThread(QuestionThread thread,
java.lang.String id)
Saves a question to the server using a specific id
|
void |
ESResult.set_source(QuestionThread _source) |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
QuestionThread |
ThreadList.get(int i)
Gets a single QuestionThread at the specified location from the object
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> |
ThreadList.getThreads()
Gets the list of threads stored in the object.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
ThreadList.setThreads(java.util.ArrayList<QuestionThread> threads)
This sets the current list of QuestionThreads in the object.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
UserThreadsActivity.displayThread(QuestionThread thread)
This method starts the QuestionThreadActivity to display a thread.
|


|
Name
|
Type
|
Description
|
| name | xsd:string |
The name of the port group.
|
| policy | HostNetworkPolicy |
Policies on the port group take precedence over the ones specified
on the virtual switch.
|
| vlanId | xsd:int |
The VLAN ID for ports using this port group. Possible values:
- A value of 0 specifies that you do not want the port group associated
with a VLAN.
- A value from 1 to 4094 specifies a VLAN ID for the port group.
- A value of 4095 specifies that the port group should use trunk mode,
which allows the guest operating system to manage its own VLAN tags.
|
| vswitchName | xsd:string |
The identifier of the virtual switch on which
this port group is located.
|
|
Properties inherited from DynamicData |
| None |


 Check your config at: {{ remotes_conf_path }}
More information at: https://rclone.org/commands/rclone_sync/
Turn on Automation Script to enable Auto Copy and Auto Sync.
NOTE: You can't both turn on Auto Copy and Auto Sync as it will cause data loss.


Search Highlight
This demo shows how to provide end-users with the capability to search data within the grid. Type in text to search for in the search bar above the grid. All cells containing the entered search string are highlighted on the fly.


Anwar thanks Dr M, all for support to be next PM
by BY RADZI RAZAKKUALA LUMPUR, Nov 6 — PKR president Datuk Seri Anwar Ibrahim thanked those today who affirmed their support for him to succeed Tun Dr Mahathir Mohamad as the prime minister.
He specifically thanked Dr Mahathir for quashing rumours that Datuk Seri Azmin Ali could leapfrog the PKR president for the position.
“Thank you, thank you. Thank you to the people, Pakatan Harapan and Tun M,” Anwar told reporters at the Parliament lobby today.
Anwar declined to take questions on when he expected to succeed Dr Mahathir.
He said this has been addressed repeatedly before.
In an interview with the Sydney Morning Herald published on Monday, Dr Mahathir stressed that he will make way for Anwar as agreed.


Men's Wear
Men's Wear
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Add Customer
Components
Tables
Basic Tables
Form Elements
Form Input & Textarea
A basic form control input and textarea with disabled and readonly mode.


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HTML5SiteStarter
Source
Documentation
A Lightweight Template for your web Applications
HTML5SiteStarter comes bundled with Jquery , Less.js and a great set of best practices for you to easily create great web applications.
Download


RubyJS
RubyJS is a port of the Ruby core-lib and provides many methods for Array, String, Numerics and more. RubyJS classes are simple wrappers around native JavaScript objects.
See RubyJS Homepage for more details. It is licensed under MIT.
MIT License
RubyJS is licensed under the MIT License.
rubyjs-rails Gem
There's a Rails asset-pipeline gem for RubyJS.
Gemfile:
gem 'rubyjs-rails'
In your application.js manifest:
//= require ruby
NPM Module: rubyjs
RubyJS can be installed as an npm module.
$ npm install rubyjs
Then simply require rubyjs which will add the R and RubyJS to the global object.
require('rubyjs');
R.puts("hello");
Contribute/Develop
RubyJS is currently implemented in CoffeeScript 1.3.3. CoffeeScript 1.4.0 doesn't work as of now. It's on the roadmap to move away from CoffeeScript to plain JS.
- Clone repository
- Run the coffee console loading the rubyjs files:
/path/to/rubyjs $ coffee -r ./ruby.coffee
coffee> R('hello world').capitalize()
"Hello world"
coffee> R('hello world').capitalize().toNative()
'Hello world'
- Set up development environment:
$ bundle install
$ cake build_tests # compiles all test files
$ bundle exec guard # automatically compile coffeescript
$ rake jasmine # starts jasmine server
$ open http://localhost:8888 # pray
If you get the error: pipe(): Too many open files, see following page:
https://github.com/jashkenas/coffee-script/issues/1537
For Mac OS X users the following comment helps:
https://github.com/joyent/node/issues/2479#issuecomment-7082186
API Docs on rubyjs.org/doc
You can quickly search and jump through the online documentation by using the fuzzy finder dialog:
Open fuzzy finder dialog: Ctrl-T
In frame mode you can toggle the list navigation frame on the left side:
Toggle list view: Ctrl-L
You can focus a list in frame mode or toggle a tab in frameless mode:
- Class list:
Ctrl-C
- Method list:
Ctrl-M
- Extras list:
Ctrl-E
You can focus and blur the search input:
- Focus search input: `Ctrl-S
- Blur search input:
Esc
- In frameless mode you can close the list tab:
Esc
Namespace
RubyJS
is the official namespace of all classes and mixins. R
is an alias to RubyJS
. In the documentation both versions are used interchangeably.
RubyJS('foo')
RubyJS.String
RubyJS.Array
// Equivalent to:
R('foo')
R.String
R.Array
R
additionally includes R.Kernel, so methods defined there can be used with R.
R.puts('hello world')
String
RubyJS.String wraps a native String primitive.
R('foo')
new R.String('foo')
R.String.new('foo')
R.$String(1) // Emulates Ruby String(1)
Destructive methods have a _bang suffix.
str = R('foo')
str.capitalize() //=> 'Foo'
str //=> 'foo'
str.capitalize_bang() //=> 'Foo'
str //=> 'Foo'
Create multiple R.Strings with R.w
equivalent to Ruby %w[]
.
words = R.w('foo bar baz')
Array
Arrays are ordered, integer-indexed collections of any object. Array indexing starts at 0, as in C or Java. A negative index is assumed to be relative to the end of the array—that is, an index of -1 indicates the last element of the array, -2 is the next to last element in the array, and so on.
RubyJS.Array wraps a native JavaScript array. Members are not directly accessible using []
notation, use RubyJS.Array.get(1)
and set(1, 'foo')
instead.
Array includes optimized versions of RubyJS.Enumerable methods.
R([1,2,3]) // => an R.Array of Number primitives
R([1,2,3], true) // => an R.Array of R.Fixnums
new R.Array([1,2,3])
Enumerable, Enumerator
The Enumerable mixin provides collection classes with several traversal and searching methods, and with the ability to sort. The class must provide a method each
, which yields successive members of the collection. If Enumerable#max, #min, or #sort is used, the objects in the collection must also implement a meaningful <=> operator, as these methods rely on an ordering between members of the collection.
Enumerable is currently included in Array, Range and Enumerator. Array implements optimized versions of the methods.
Numerics
Numeric and Integer are both modules. Functional number types are Fixnum (an Integer) and Float.
- Fixnum includes Numeric, Integer
- Float includes Numeric
Mathematic operations like +, -, * with RubyJS numerics is expensive as for every operation extra objects are created. It is suggested to use JavaScript native primitives for calculations, especially in loops.
Aliases
Where Ruby methods conflict with JavaScript naming the following aliases are used.
You can also use the JS names quoted inside of brackets, e.g. ['==']
.
str.equals('foo')
str['==']('foo')
# '?' is removed
include : include?
# '!'' => _bang
upcase_bang: upcase!
append : <<
equals : ==
equal_case : ===
cmp : <=>
lt : <
lteq : <=
gt : >
gteq : >=
modulo : %
plus : +
minus : -
multiply : *
exp : **
divide : /
# Typecasting:
R.$String(): String()
R.$Float() : Float()
# Special variables
R['$~'] : $~
R['$;'] : $;
R['$,'] : $,
Roadmap 0.8
- @to_enum returns Arrays not Enumerators.
- upto, downto, times to yield primitives
Contributors
- typos jeanlange
- rubyjs-rails gem PikachuEXE


Net.CloseConnection
Syntax
Net.CloseConnection (netStream : int)
Description
Closes a network connection made with Net.OpenConnection or Net.WaitForConnection. After the connection is closed, the net stream cannot be used for any purpose on either side of the connection.
Details
The Net module requires a TCP/IP stack to be installed and operating in order to function. It does not communicate using any other protocols
It is possible for Firewalls to interfere with the actions of the Net module, preventing connections from taking place.
Example
The following program fragment connects to port 5300 on the machine specified by netAddress, sends the work OK to it and closes the connection.
netStream := Net.OpenConnection (netAddress, chatPort)
if netStream <= 0 then
put "Unable to connect to ", netAddress
return
end if
put : netStream, "OK"
Net.CloseConnection (netStream)
Status
Exported qualified.
This means that you can only call the function by calling Net.CloseConnection, not by calling CloseConnection.
See also
Net.OpenConnection and Net.WaitForConnection.


Launch developed by Mingjie Jiang
Thanks for installing Launch.
Launch provides a minimalist yet comfortable new tab experience for Chrome users. I finished this in around 3 hours of work, so expect bugs. Please email bugs to me at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The lack of styling is intentional.
After entering settings page by typing
Settings
into the search bar, you'll be taken to the settings page, where you can define your own express links. Express
links are shortcuts for urls of your choice, and unlike Chrome omnibar's autocomplete, you may define your own keywords,
even if it is nowhere related to the url itself.
You will see two boxes. One of which is the trigger box, which defines your keywords of triggering express urls. The other
is the urls that the keywords corresponds to. Start modifying keywords and urls, one per line. The numbers of keywords
and urls have to match for you to save your configurations. For your own good, (and forgive my laziness), do not
use
\
in the settings fields.
After you are done, hit save. If for some reasons you broke my extension, hit reset to revive it. You will lose all your previous configurations.


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---
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IN THE HIGH COURT OF' KARNATAKA AT BANGALORE {DATED THIS THE 2"" DAY OF JULY 2008 PRESENT THE HON'BLE MR. CYRIAC JOSEPH, CHIEF J_I.,E:STI€'2?E--0: 5: _ AND THE HONBLE MRJUSTICE MOHAN sHA1§iTANAG0Um1§ 3 WRIT APPEAL Nov,133/2006cs.as~<'£:§)Vﬂ_; j; V BETWEEN: 1. State of Karnataka, _ J _ 2 Principal Secretary to Govemrnenfntt _ . Department of Forest; _EcoIogy' 3 ~ Vt Environment, F1-:§o'r_, . I Multistoeied . -- . ' " BANGALORE -- 560 0'.0_%«1 M: Reptci. By sﬁe.1;;r»¢.Sth;va1;u.{ﬁ.ar, _ Age: Mf'ajo;r,54 vearsif V' V" 2. % Saji Age: Maj or yeats, _ . Secretary the Government, i"--._VlV3'epaLrtrnent of Ecology and Environment, .E1':1o'03-, Multistoried Building, - C'BA§I( 3r.AL0RE M 560001. ...Appenants 4' (By Sri S.Udaya Holla, Advocate General with Sri Basavaraj " Advocate for appellants) AND: 1. Sri N.Boomanand Manay, Aged about 75 years, No.69, Surveyor Street, Basavanagudi, BANGALORE -- 560 004. _ 2. The Karnataka State Follution ' Control Board, "Parisara Bhavana", V» No.49, 5th Floor, Church Street, BANGALORE .-- 560 001. l V V Represented by its Secremﬂ A' ... Respondents
(By Sri K.C.l\a§ittal 'lforl'Jeiyarama 85 Jayaram Associated for C/R1; Sri RaVvi.._ Vernrl1a' Vi{uxne1':', Senior Counsel for D.Nagaraj, Advocate for R2) having been heard and reserved for AAVCjudgmer1«t, o13'this'riay, the Court delivered the following: Notiﬁcation dated 26.2.2004 issued by the Government of Karnataka. In Annexure-'A' notification, it was speciﬁcally stated that the nomination was under Section 4 of tlie"»Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (for it was also stated that the nomination was "inH__l'pl.ace:_i.ofiSri; Alexander, the present Chairman." ltivviasiifurther-I the if terms and conditions of the appointment wou_l_di be notiﬁed separately. Subsequently the Govefr-nment'*--issued iiAinne>iure--'Bi' Notiﬁcation dated 12.5.2004~..statin'g"thatiithep terimiiof appointment of the first respondent as shall be for a period of three yearsyviith the date on which Annexure--'A' "'ipssiued'or until further orders. In Annexure--'B--'.iipiiﬁoitiiicatiorryp stated that the detailed terms issued separately. Thereafter Government issuedv order dated 14.7.2004 specifying _.the devtaiiledi'*terms"ainid____conditions of appointment of the first as*,iChapinnan of the Board. As per Annexure--C Goveyninent the term of appointment of the first respondent as Chairman iofithe Board shall be as speciﬁed in the notification .e1_.2.5i.i'.2(.)04 (i.e., Annexure~'B'). Thus cumulative effect of Anne:}<ures--'A', B' and 'C' was that the first respondent was .inon1inated/ appointed as Chairman of the Karnataka State éontrol Board with effect from 26.2.2004 for a period of three years or until further orders. It is also clear that the first respondent's appointment as Chairman of the Board was against a casual vacancy caused by the relinquishing of office bjﬁ.-""~~SI'i. J. Alexendar, the then Chairman of the Board.
4. According to Section 5(1) of the Act, _sHay:e~-.,as:.A_iotheri2vi«sei"=__ provided by or under the Act, a Memberiofia ..B'oarid,-- 'thgarfa it Member--Secretary, shall hold office_ for of 'rri¢'1~.a. the date of his nomination; Preyided 'a. shall,' notwithstanding the expiration of Cpntiﬁiie tojhold office until his successor enters to Section 2(c) of the Act, the eigpress-i.on the Chairman also. According to vacancy in the Board shall be filled iavfvreash.,nc.rni~nati_on and the person nominated to fill the vacancy'shallV.holid-ovfﬁoeonly for the remainder of the term for which the rne'm.ber~ir'1 whose place he was nominated. It fs'p.evciﬁcally pleaded by the respondents in the Writ Peititioni (A'pp"ellan'ts*:" herein) that Sri. J. Alexander had been VViVa_ppointed as Chairman of the Board on 28.12.2002 for a period of ypearsuosr until further orders, that he had taken charge on '28.12'.20.t)2, that his term of three years would have expired only C ﬂ'o1:1_,2.?'%.12.2OOS and that the petitioner was appointed as Chairman 26.2.2004 in the place of Sri. J. Alexander. These averments 6 were not controverted by the Writ petitioner. Hence, it has to be accepted that the first respondent was appointed as Chairman of the Board in the casual vacancy caused ___by the relinquishment of office by Sri. J. Alexander and that by"'*9iperation of Section 5(6) of the Act, the first respondent was office only for the remainder of the termJfor_which' '_J.iiAle'xanrie'r' . L was appointed. Therefore in the normal course 'the. tenure-.__of::t_he first respondent would have ended 'on 2'7:'1.2.i2005{:ii'Bfd.t.,_in irievv the proviso to sub--section (1) of iinotvviithstanding the expiration of his term, office until his successor entered upon his C h C C
6. In the to the Government of Karnata.l<rayi_issued dated" i19.8.2004 requiring all the Chairmen DirectorslofiBoards/Corporations appointed by the Governrnentiiitofreseign from their posts. Through Annexure~'E' I-i.'g1et'Le1f datieciy'-s;E3§'8..2004i,ithe first respondent sought a clariﬁcation fromitheiGoverizrnent, as to whether he was required to resign as he was...appointet1.'on 26.2.2004 for a period of three years or until ~ fur-ther orders. No clariﬁcation was given by the Government and ﬁrst""A_«respondent admittedly did not resign. Thereafter, the % Secretary communicated Annexure-'F' Circular dated iii"',_2'}.'7.2005 issued by the Chief Minister, instructing to initiate action to procure resignation of all n0n~ofﬁCial (C214,, Chairmen/ Members appointed by the Government. It was also directed that in case of their refusal to tender resignation, the non-ofﬁcial Chairmen and Members appointed by the Government should be regarded as having been relieved and :V:Pri:n.clipal Secretaries / Secretaries of the respective departmerits' slloui-dlltake charge. Even after Annexure'F' Circular,"'tl1e ﬁijst respondent ciid ' not resign. However, he was constrained to hand over cha_:'igei'to the Secretary, Department of and Envirovnmentilsecondwi appellant) on 22.7.2005 as the..-----la.tter"--...gA we'11t_to:§ the first respondent's Office and over charge.
Thereupon the ﬁrs4t:"respon'de11t:l¥ letter dated 28.7.2005 to :.lLl'¢.iIv7'-llti1:3igl'ViV'C)ut that the above mentioned ;;ti§i;d. not-.rapply..». him and seeking the intervention_oi" to give appropriate direction for his continuance_, as Chairm'an_ll..'of the Board. Since no favourable decision in/as*commu*nicaterj to him, the first respondent ﬁled the AVW_rit :Petiption'«cl1alienging his premature ouster from the office of th.elV..Board. The learned single Judge has allowed the Wrilt"Pet--itio'n..l if " ':"e.4_Inthe impugned judgment, the learned single Judge has the premature ouster of the first respondent from the ~lofﬁ'cel of Chairman of the Board was illegal. We agree with the it above View taken by the learned single Judge. Admittedly no order 8 was passed by the Government terminating the appointment of the first respondent as Chairman of the Board or appointing any other person in his place. He was forced to hand over chaitge of Chairman to the second appellant on the basis Circular issued by the Chief Minister. The secondTappeill'anti never appointed / nominated as Chairman iundveiijSec--tio1i_4iiof the Act. By virtue of the proviso to s.ub-secitioirr (1) of..Sec'tion first respondent was entitled to hold :office until _iduly.;appointed V successor entered upon his ofﬁce:"mAdrriittedply successor was appointed by the Government in first respondent and no person entered upon his office. However,'"he'<--xvasi3i'fo.rced._rte. over charge to the second appellant. remoiial of the first respondent from the iofﬁce' illegal and arbitrary and therefore the learned 'JLidge was justified in holding that the _.prernatui;;e ouster i'of_th_e_ first respondent from the office of iC.hairrnat1 'the:Board was illegal.
fin the*.i-iiijlnpugned judgment, learned single Judge has also held that inivievv of the terms and conditions of his appointment, firshrespondent is entitled to continue for a period of three yearns. in We do not agree with the above view taken by the learned Judge. Notwithstanding the terms and conditions ed in the order of appointment, the first respondent's tenure as Chairman of the Board is governed by the statutory provision which prescribed a speciﬁed period. It is speciﬁcally provided under subsection (6) of Section 5 that the appointment is against a casual vacancy, the perso~n--.appoi.?nted shall hold office only for the remainder of the term?' C member in whose place he was appointed." As we --are_satisﬁe'd that the first respondent was appointed as C~hairma:f,of the'Board-- in a casual vacancy caused by relini';1,:ii's.hment* oi"'ofl"1.cei"byiithe then C Chairman Sri. J . Alexander; 2W6 areiiiofii.tlieii'vi.ew that"t'r1"e tenure of the first respondent as Chairman :the.p:Bo_arid'V__would expire on 27.12.2005 and t_hari--_ie vsifouidjjioe.r_e'ri'ti.t1edﬂu; continue to hold office until his impugned judgment the learned SiI1gl,t3:"ha3:pnOit onlymheld that the Writ petitioner is entitled of three years from 26.2.2004 but also directediitheiresponirients in the Writ Petition {appellants _.herein) not to interfere his functioning as Chairman. We do not»a;g'r--e_e »Vitlithe"--above View taken by the learned single Judge. "9."*In context it has also to be noted that as per Annexurieohrder, the appointment of the first respondent as oi the Board was for a period of three years or until ft1'rth'eriorders. According to the appellants, in view of the above "stipulation in the appointment order, it was open to the Government to terminate the appointment of the first respondent 10 at any time, even before the expiry of the period of three years. We find force in this contention also.
10. By an interim order dated 10.2.2006 passed in ithieyhwrit appeal the operation of the order of the learned singgle-§Iud.gel' stayed to the extent it held that the writ petition..er_"*is continue as the Chairman of the Board fora'period.iAof..:threeiyears from 26.2.2004 and it restrained the ires'ponden.tJs.i:ini'theiiwritp petition from interfering with his_2'fi.1nctioninig2.'as"i§3hairman.
However, it was made would be entitled to hold office as successor was appointed in acco.rdarice of the Act and he enters upon his Government issued a Notiﬁcation dated I-LC. Sharath Chandra as the Chairinanypof State Pollution Control Board under Setctiopn .'i?l/a.teri.l.1.3'revention and Control of Pollution) avperiod ofthree years with immediate effect and he tea; '¢1i.;irg.-§-f:'ai.§_ on 5.9.2005.
1"}... inv't11.e.i*'above circumstances, the impugned judgment of if iAt1<ie"'learned".single Judge is set aside to the extent it held that the yJrit--., petitioner was entitled to continue as the Chairman of the ':'third_§respondent Board for a period of three years from 26.2.2004 it prevented the respondents in the Writ petition from 11 appointing another person as Chairman of the third respondent Board in accordance with the provisions of the Act. The writ appeal is allowed to the above extent.
Ru/-