This post walks through the parallel computing functionality of Julia to implement an asynchronous parallel version of the classical cutting-plane algorithm for convex (nonsmooth) optimization, demonstrating the complete workflow including running on both Amazon EC2 and a large multicore server. I will quickly review the cutting-plane algorithm and will be focusing primarily on parallel computation patterns, so don’t worry if you’re not familiar with the optimization side of things.
The cutting-plane algorithm is a method for solving the optimization problem
\[\min_{x \in \mathbb R^d} \sum_{i=1}^n f_i(x)\]where the functions \( f_i \) are convex but not necessarily differentiable.  Important applications also arise from Lagrangian relaxation. The idea of the algorithm is to approximate the functions \( f_i \) with piecewise linear models \( m_i \) which are built up from information obtained by evaluating \( f_i \) at different points. We iteratively minimize over the models to generate candidate solution points.
We can state the algorithm as
If it is costly to evaluate \( f_i(x) \), then the algorithm is naturally parallelizable at step 2. The minimization in step 3 can be computed by solving a linear optimization problem, which is usually very fast. (Let me point out here that Julia has interfaces to linear programming and other optimization solvers under JuliaOpt.)
Abstracting the math, we can write the algorithm using the following Julia code.
# functions initialize, isconverged, solvesubproblem, and process implemented elsewhere
state, subproblems = initialize()
while !isconverged(state)
results = map(solvesubproblem,subproblems)
state, subproblems = process(state, results)
end
The function solvesubproblem
corresponds to evaluating \( f_i(x) \) for a
given \( i \) and \( x \) (the elements of subproblems
could be tuples
(i,x)
). The function process
corresponds to minimizing the model in step
3, and it produces a new state and a new set of subproblems to solve.
Note that the algorithm looks much like a map-reduce that would be easy to
parallelize using many existing frameworks. Indeed, in Julia we can simply
replace map
with pmap
(parallel map). Let’s consider a twist that makes
the parallelism not so straightforward.
Variability in the time taken by the solvesubproblem
function can lead to
load imbalance and limit parallel efficiency as workers sit idle waiting for new
tasks. Such variability arises naturally if solvesubproblem
itself requires
solving a optimization problem, or if the workers and network are shared, as is
often the case with cloud computing.
We can consider a new variant of the cutting-plane algorithm to address this issue. The key point is
In other words, we generate new tasks to feed to workers without needing to wait for all current tasks to complete, making the algorithm asynchronous. The algorithm remains convergent, although the total number of iterations may increase. For more details, see this paper by Jeff Linderoth and Stephen Wright.
By introducing asynchronicity we can no longer use a nice black-box pmap
function and have to dig deeper into the parallel implementation. Fortunately,
this is easy to do in Julia.
Julia implements distributed-memory parallelism based on one-sided message
passing, where process push work onto others (via remotecall
) and the
results are retrieved (via fetch
) by the process which requires them. Macros
such as @spawn
and @parallel
provide pretty syntax around this low-level
functionality. This model of parallelism is very different from the typical
SIMD style of MPI. Both approaches are useful in different contexts, and I
expect an MPI wrapper for Julia will appear in the future (see also here).
Reading the manual on parallel computing is highly recommended, and I won’t try to reproduce it in this post. Instead, we’ll dig into and extend one of the examples it presents.
The implementation of pmap
in Julia is
function pmap(f, lst)
np = nprocs() # determine the number of processors available
n = length(lst)
results = cell(n)
i = 1
# function to produce the next work item from the queue.
# in this case it's just an index.
next_idx() = (idx=i; i+=1; idx)
@sync begin
for p=1:np
if p != myid() || np == 1
@spawnlocal begin
while true
idx = next_idx()
if idx > n
break
end
results[idx] = remotecall_fetch(p, f, lst[idx])
end
end
end
end
end
results
end
On first sight, this code is not particularly intuitive. The @spawnlocal
macro creates a task
on the master process (e.g. process 1). Each task feeds work to a
corresponding worker; the call remotecall_fetch(p, f, lst[idx])
function
calls f
on process p
and returns the result when finished. Tasks are
uninterruptable and only surrender control at specific points such as
remotecall_fetch
. Tasks cannot directly modify variables from the enclosing
scope, but the same effect can be achieved by using the next_idx
function to
access and mutate i
. The task idiom functions in place of using a loop to
poll for results from each worker process.
Implementing our asynchronous algorithm is not much more than a modification of the above code:
# given constants n and 0 < alpha <= 1
# functions initialize and solvesubproblem defined elsewhere
np = nprocs()
state, subproblems = initialize()
converged = false
isconverged() = converged
function updatemodel(mysubproblem, result)
# store result
...
# decide whether to generate new subproblems
state.numback[mysubproblem.parent] += 1
if state.numback[mysubproblem.parent] >= alpha*n && !state.didtrigger[mysubproblem.parent]
state.didtrigger[mysubproblem.parent] = true
# generate newsubproblems by solving linear optimization problem
...
if ... # convergence test
converged = true
else
append!(subproblems, newsubproblems)
push!(state.didtrigger, false)
push!(state.numback, 0)
# ensure that for s in newsubproblems, s.parent == length(state.numback)
end
end
end
@sync begin
for p=1:np
if p != myid() || np == 1
@spawnlocal begin
while !isconverged()
if length(subproblems) == 0
# no more subproblems but haven't converged yet
yield()
continue
end
mysubproblem = shift!(subproblems) # pop subproblem from queue
result = remotecall_fetch(p, solvesubproblem, mysubproblem)
updatemodel(mysubproblem, result)
end
end
end
end
end
where state
is an instance of a type defined as
type State
didtrigger::Vector{Bool}
numback::Vector{Int}
...
end
There is little difference in the structure of the code inside the @sync
blocks, and the asynchronous logic is encapsulated in the local updatemodel
function which conditionally generates new subproblems. A strength of Julia is
that functions like pmap
are implemented in Julia itself, so that it is
particularly straightforward to make modifications like this.
Now for the fun part. The complete cutting-plane algorithm (along with
additional variants) is implemented in JuliaBenders. The code is
specialized for stochastic
programming where the cutting-plane algorithm is known as the L-shaped
method or Benders decomposition and is used to decompose the solution of
large linear optimization problems. Here, solvesubproblem
entails solving a
relatively small linear optimization problem. Test instances are taken from the
previously mentioned paper.
We’ll first run on a large multicore server. The
runals.jl
(asynchronous L-shaped) file contains the algorithm we’ll use. Its
usage is
julia runals.jl [data source] [num subproblems] [async param] [block size]
where [num subproblems]
is the \(n\) as above and [async param]
is
the proportion \(\alpha\). By setting \(\alpha = 1\) we obtain the
synchronous algorithm. For the asynchronous version we will take \(\alpha =
0.6\). The [block size]
parameter controls how many subproblems are sent to
a worker at once (in the previous code, this value was always 1). We will use
4000 subproblems in our experiments.
To run multiple Julia processes on a shared-memory machine, we pass the -p N
option to the julia
executable, which will start up N
system processes.
To execute the asynchronous version with 10 workers, we run
julia -p 12 runals.jl Data/storm 4000 0.6 30
Note that we start 12 processes. These are the 10 workers, the master (which distributes tasks), and another process to perform the master’s computations (an additional refinement which was not described above). Results from various runs are presented in the table below.
| Synchronous | Asynchronous | |||
| No. Workers | Speed | Efficiency | Speed | Efficiency |
| 10 | 154 | Baseline | 166 | Baseline |
| 20 | 309 | 100.3% | 348 | 105% |
| 40 | 517 | 84% | 654 | 98% |
| 60 | 674 | 73% | 918 | 92% |
There are a few more hoops to jump through in order to run on EC2. First we must
build a system image (AMI) with Julia installed. Julia connects to workers over
ssh, so I found it useful to put my EC2 ssh key on the AMI and also set
StrictHostKeyChecking no
in /etc/ssh/ssh_config
to disable the
authenticity prompt when connecting to new workers. Someone will likely correct
me on if this is the right approach.
Assuming we have an AMI in place, we can fire up the instances. I used an m3.xlarge instance for the master and m1.medium instances for the workers. (Note: you can save a lot of money by using the spot market.)
To add remote workers on startup, Julia accepts a file with a list of host names
through the --machinefile
option. We can generate this easily enough by
using the EC2 API Tools (Ubuntu package ec2-api-tools
) with the command
ec2-describe-instances | grep running | awk '{ print $5; }' > mfile
On the master instance we can then run
julia --machinefile mfile runatr.jl Data/storm 4000 0.6 30
Results from various runs are presented in the table below.
| Synchronous | Asynchronous | |||
| No. Workers | Speed | Efficiency | Speed | Efficiency |
| 10 | 149 | Baseline | 151 | Baseline |
| 20 | 289 | 97% | 301 | 99.7% |
| 40 | 532 | 89% | 602 | 99.5% |
On both architectures the asynchronous version solves subproblems at a higher rate and has significantly better parallel efficiency. Scaling is better on EC2 than on the shared-memory server likely because the subproblem calculation is memory bound, and so performance is better on the distributed-memory architecture. Anyway, with Julia we can easily experiment on both.
A more detailed tutorial was prepared for the Julia IAP session at MIT in January 2013.
Distributed Numerical Optimization by Miles Lubin is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.


Steven Universe Future Debuts First Trailer, Poster and Premiere Date
by Tim AdamsSteven and the Crystal Gems are back in the first official trailer and poster for Steven Universe Future, the retitled sixth season of the Cartoon Network animated series.
The trailer kicks off with an ensemble rendition of "Here We Are in the Future," before displaying shots of the fan-favorite cast of characters (and villains). Along with the trailer comes a new poster that reveals the epilogue limited series will debut December 7 on Cartoon Network.
The new season of Steven Universe will take place after the events of Steven Universe: The Movie, featuring an older Steven and the newly renovated Beach City. Of course, Garnet, Pearl, Amethyst, and newer Crystal Gem inductees Lapis Lazuli, Peridot, and Bismuth will be along for the ride. The new season will feature Steven trying to ensure peace after saving the universe once again.
Just like the ending of the original Steven Universe theme, the song ends with the protagonists around the campfire at the beach. However, now that scene includes the expanded Crystal Gems roster.
Created by Rebecca Sugar, Steven Universe Future debuts Dec. 7 on Cartoon Network.
https://schema.orgBreadcrumbListListItem1Homehttps://www.cbr.com/ListItem2TVhttps://www.cbr.com/category/tv/ListItem3TV Newshttps://www.cbr.com/category/tv/news-tv/ListItem4Steven Universe Future Debuts First Trailer, Poster and Premiere Datehttps://www.cbr.com/steven-universe-future-trailer-poster-premiere-date/


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Man accused of selling more than 200 animals including lions, crocodiles and great white shark
CRAIGAVON Magistrates Court has heard that a man is accused of selling more than 200 animals including lions, crocodiles and a great white shark.
Among other animals 38-year-old Roman Panik, formerly of Beech Court in Lurgan, is alleged to have sold are alligators, tigers, leopards, pumas, lynxes, buzzards, otters, wolves, bobcats and black bears.
A summons, which District Judge Mark McGarrity deemed not served, charges him with four counts of trading in endangered species and four counts of evading the duty on imported goods.
Panik is accused of selling the animals on dates unknown between 1 January 2014 and 14 May 2015.
No further details were revealed in court.
Defence solicitor Pat Verner told the court the case relates to a “somewhat unusual summons” which had been sent to Panik’s old address.
“We just found out by chance that this matter was in the list today,” he said, adding that “the job trial investigation was back in 2015”.
Mr Verner revealed that Panik “has applied for resettlement under the immigration” and it was the Home Office who discovered there was a “pending prosecution”.
He told the court the summons and supporting paper work had been sent to an address where Panik had not lived for four years but that PPS had sent him the front cover sheet with the charges.
Prosecuting lawyer Malcolm Irvine conceded he “would have my doubts” that the summons had been properly served but said “the department would welcome the opportunity to look at certain matters that have arisen in the recent past in this case”.
With Judge McGarrity deeming the summons not served, Mr Verner told him he would forward Panik’s new address.


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Gujarat High Court Case Information System Print CR.A/2237/2009 5/ 7 JUDGMENT IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD CRIMINAL APPEAL No. 2237 of 2009 For Approval and Signature: HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE Z.K.SAIYED ========================================= 1 Whether Reporters of Local Papers may be allowed to see the judgment ? 2 To be referred to the Reporter or not ? 3 Whether their Lordships wish to see the fair copy of the judgment ? 4 Whether this case involves a substantial question of law as to the interpretation of the constitution of India, 1950 or any order made thereunder ? 5 Whether it is to be circulated to the civil judge ? ========================================= GUJARAT POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD - Appellant(s) Versus DIPAKBHAI NAVINCHANDRA GODIYAWA & 3 - Opponent(s) ========================================= Appearance : MR SUNIL L MEHTA for Appellant(s) : 1, MS ANUJA S NANAVATI for Opponent(s) : 1 - 3. MR HL JANI ADDTIIONAL PUBLIC PROSECUTOR for Opponent(s) : 4, ========================================= CORAM : HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE Z.K.SAIYED Date : 18/02/2010 ORAL JUDGMENT
1. The present appeal under section 378(4) of the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 is directed against the judgment and order of acquittal dated 4.12.2007 passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Court No.11, Ahmedabad in Criminal Appeal No. 57 of 2005 whereby the respondents-accused have been acquitted of the charges under sections 24, 25, 43, 44 and 47 of the Water (Prevention and Control) of Pollution Act,1974.
2. Brief facts of the prosecution case are that the respondents were doing business in partnership firm M/s. Swastik Industries at Vatva, Ahmedabad and said firm was manufacturing the chemical since 1987. The said firm had appointed one Paresh Shah, Chemist to look after the production divison and to follow the rules of Pollution Board. The said factory was used for manufacturing Dxyfet Butazon by using different chemicals and huge water was required. So far the disposal of the used water trade effluent necessary arrangements were made. The office Shri P.K. Gohil had visited the factory and taken the sample of trade effluent and therefore, it was found that the respondents had violated the terms of the consent order. The samples were sent for analyzing in the laboratory of the complainant. There were no respondents present at the time of taking sample then also on 16.2.1990.
3. The complainant Dahyabhai Kalubhai Solanki, Assistant Law Officer, had filed Criminal Case No.357 of 1990 before the learned Chief Metropolitan Magistrate, Ahmedabad, against present respondents and M/s. Swastik Industries. After hearing the parties and taking into consideration the evidence of witnesses on record and also documentary evidence, the learned Magistrate, convicted accused No.1 under Section 24 and 43 and ordered to pay Rs.5,000/- and that shall be recovered from the accused No.2 to 4 and further ordered that accused No.2 to 4 were convicted under Sections 24 and 43 for simple imprisonment of two years and fine of Rs.5,000/- to each accused. Against said order of conviction passed by the learned Magistrate, the respondents had preferred Revision before the Additional City Sessions Judge, Ahmedabad being Criminal Revision Application No.57 of 2005 and M/s. Swastik Industries had also preferred by way of Criminal Revision Application No.60 of 2005. Both the Revision Applications were consolidated and by common judgment and order, learned Additional Sessions Judge, Court No.11, Ahmedabad, was pleased to acquit the accused by quashing and setting aside the judgment and order dated 24.11.2005 passed by the learned Magistrate, by his order dated 4.12.2007. Therefore, present appellant Gujarat Pollution Control Board through its Law Officer, has preferred this present appeal against the order dated 4.12.2007 passed by the learned Additional Sessions Judge, Court No.11, Ahmedabad.
4. It was contended by the learned advocate Mr. Sunil Mehta for the appellant that the judgment and order of the learned Magistrate is not proper, legal and it is erroneous. He has also argued that the learned Magistrate has not considered the evidence of witnesses. The sample was seized and sealed properly. Yet, the learned Magistrate has not considered the evidence of prosecution. He has contended that learned Judge has filed to appreciate that as per requirement, appellant asked to divide the sample in different parts for sending the sample to other Government Analysis, but the respondents refused to send it and signed the undertaking, even though learned Judge acquitted the accused. Therefore, the order impugned in this appeal passed by the learned Magistrate requires to be quashed and set aside.
5. At the outset, it is required to be noted that the principles which would govern and regular the hearing of appeal by this Court against an order of acquittal passed by the trial Court have been very succinctly explained by the Apex Court in a catena of decisions. In the case of M.S.Narayana Menon @ Mani vs. State of Kerala and Anr. reported in (2006) SCC 39, the Apex Court has narrated about the powers of the High Court in appeal against the order of acquittal. In para 54 of the decision, the Apex Court has observed as under:
"54: In any event the High Court entertained an appeal treating to be an appeal against acquittal, it was in fact exercising the revisional jurisdiction. Even while exercising an appellate power against a judgment of acquittal, the High Court should have borne in mind the well settled principles of law that where two views are possible, the appellate court should not interfere with the finding of acquittal recorded by the court below."
6. Further, in the case of Chandrappa vs. State of Karnataka, reported in (2007) 4 SCC 415 the Apex Court laid down the following principles:
"42: From the above decisions, in our considered view, the following general principles regarding powers of the appellate court while dealing with an appeal against an order of acquittal emerge:
(1) An appellate court has full power to review, re-appreciate and reconsider the evidence upon which the order of acquittal is founded.
(2) The Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 puts no limitation, restriction or condition on exercise of such power and an appellate court on the evidence before it may reach its own conclusion, both on questions of act and of law.
(3) Various expressions, such as "substantial and compelling reasons", "good and sufficient grounds", "very strong circumstances", "distorted conclusions", "glaring mistakes", etc. are not intended to curtain extensive powers of an appellate court in an appeal against acquittal. Sych phraseologies are more in the nature of "flourishes of language" to emphasis the reluctance of an appellate court to interfere with acquittal than to curtain he power of the court to review the evidence and to come to its own conclusion.
(4) An appellate court, however, must bear in mind that in case of acquittal, there is double presumption in favour of the accused. Firstly,the presumption of innocence is available to him under the fundamental principles of criminal jurisprudence that every person shall be presumed to be innocent unless he is proved guilty by a competent court of law. Secondly, the accused having secured his acquittal, the presumption of his innocence is further reinforced, reaffirmed and strengthened by the trial court.
(5) If two reasonable conclusions are possible on the basis of the evidence on record, the appellate court should not disturb the finding of acquittal recorded by the trial court."
7. Thus, it is a settled principle that while exercising appellate power, even if two reasonable conclusions are possible on the basis of the evidence on record, the appellate court should not disturb the finding of acquittal recorded by the trial court.
8. Even in a recent decision of the Apex Court in the case of State of Goa, vs. Sanjay Thakran and Anr. reported in (2007)3 SCC 75, the Court has reiterated the powers of the High Court in such cases. In para 16 of the said decision the Court has observed as under:
"16.
From the aforesaid decisions, it is apparent that while exercising the powers in appeal against the order of acquittal the Court of appeal would not ordinarily interfere with the order of acquittal unless the approach of the lower Court is vitiated by some manifest illegality and the conclusion arrived at would not be arrived at by any reasonable person and, therefore, the decision is to be characterised as perverse. Merely because two views are possible, the Court of appeal would not take the view which would upset the judgment delivered by the Court below. However, the appellate court has a power to review the evidence if it is of the view that the conclusion arrived at by the Court below is perverse and the Court has committed a manifest error of law and ignored the material evidence on record. A duty is cast upon the appellate court, in such circumstances, to re-appreciate the evidence to arrive to a just decision on the basis of material placed on record to find out whether any of the accused is connected with the commission of the crime he is charged with."
9. Similar principle has been laid down by the Apex Court in the cases of State of Uttar Pradesh vs. Ram Veer Singh and Ors., reported in 2007 AIR SCW 5553 and in Girja Prasad (Dead) by LRS vs. State of MP, reported in 2007 AIR SC 5589. Thus, the powers which this Court may exercise against an order of acquittal are well settled.
10. It is also a settled legal position that in acquittal appeal, the appellate court is not required to re-write the judgment or to give fresh reasonings, when the reasons assigned by the Court below are found to be just and proper. Such principle is laid down by the Apex Court in the case of State of Karnataka vs. Hemareddy, reported in AIR 1981 SC 1417, wherein, it is held as under:
"...This Court has observed in Girija Nandini Devi vs. Bigendra Nandini Chaudhary (1967) SCR 93; (AIR 1967 SC 1124) that it is not the duty of the appellate court when it agrees with a view of the trial court on the evidence to repeat the narration of the evidence or to reiterate the reasons given by the trial court expression of general agreement with the reasons given by the Court the decision of which is under appeal, will ordinarily suffice."
11. Thus, in case the appellate court agrees with the reasons and the opinion given by the lower court, then the discussion of evidence is not necessary.
12. I have gone through the judgment and order passed by the trial court. I have also perused the oral as well as documentary evidence led before the trial court and also considered the submissions made by the learned Advocate for the appellant Board. I have also perused oral evidence of complainant Exhibit 7. No doubt he was serving as a Law Officer of the Gujarat Pollution Board since 1984 and it is admitted by him that he had never visited the place of offence, which is cited in the case. Even he had no knowledge about the factory was in running condition or closed. As per consent letter, the respondents were to discharge 6000 Ltr. water and instead of that, the respondents had discharged 8000 polluted effluent. But the complainant had not followed the Rule 27 of the Gujarat Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1976. The Sessions Court while considering the oral as well as documentary evidence has clearly observed that the complainant has miserably failed to prove its case beyond reasonable doubt against the respondents. Even in the present appeal, nothing is produced or pointed out to rebut the conclusion of the Sessions court. Thus, from the evidence itself, it is established that the prosecution has not proved its case beyond reasonable doubt.
13. In the above view of the matter, I am of the considered view that the trial court was completely justified in acquitting the respondents of the charges levelled against them.
14. I find that the findings recorded by the trial court are absolutely just and proper and in recording the said findings, no illegality or infirmity has been committed by it.
15. I am, therefore, in complete agreement with the findings, ultimate conclusion and the resultant order of acquittal recorded by the court below and hence find no reason to interfere with the same. Hence, the appeal preferred by the appellant Board is hereby dismissed. Record and Proceedings be sent back to the trial court forthwith. Bail bonds, if any, stand cancelled.
(Z.K.Saiyed,J) ynvyas Top


public class MazeMarkovDecisionProcess extends java.lang.Object implements MarkovDecisionProcess
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
static int |
ACTIONS
The number of actions
|
static char |
AGENT
The character representing the agent
|
static char |
EMPTY
The character representing an empty square
|
static char |
GOAL
The character representing the goal
|
protected int |
initial
The initial state
|
protected char[][] |
maze
The maze itself
|
static int |
MOVE_DOWN
The move down action
|
static int |
MOVE_LEFT
The move left action
|
static int |
MOVE_RIGHT
The move right action
|
static int |
MOVE_UP
The move up action
|
static char |
OBSTACLE
The character representing a closed square
|
GAMMA
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
MazeMarkovDecisionProcess(char[][] maze,
int xGoal,
int yGoal,
int xInitial,
int yInitial,
double motionFailureProbability)
Make a new maze markov decision process
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
int |
getActionCount()
Get the number of actions in the mdp
|
int |
getHeight()
Get the height of the maze
|
int |
getStateCount()
Get the number of states in the mdp
|
int |
getWidth()
Get the width of the maze
|
boolean |
isObstacle(int state)
Determine if the state is blocked by an obstacle
|
boolean |
isObstacle(int x,
int y)
Determine if the state is an obstacle
|
boolean |
isTerminalState(int state)
Check if a state is terminal
|
static MazeMarkovDecisionProcess |
load(java.lang.String fileName)
Load a maze from a text file
|
double |
reward(int state,
int action)
Get the reward for a state and action
|
int |
sampleInitialState()
Get the initial state
|
int |
sampleState(int i,
int a)
Sample a next state given the current state and input
|
int |
stateFor(int x,
int y)
Get the state for
|
java.lang.String |
toString()
Return a string representation
|
double |
transitionProbability(int i,
int j,
int a)
Get the probability of transitioning from state i to state j,
with observation o
|
int |
xFor(int state)
Get the x coordinate for the given state
|
int |
yFor(int state)
Get the y coordinate for the given state
|
public static final int ACTIONS
public static final int MOVE_UP
public static final int MOVE_LEFT
public static final int MOVE_DOWN
public static final int MOVE_RIGHT
public static final char EMPTY
public static final char OBSTACLE
public static final char AGENT
public static final char GOAL
protected char[][] maze
protected int initial
public MazeMarkovDecisionProcess(char[][] maze, int xGoal, int yGoal, int xInitial, int yInitial, double motionFailureProbability)
maze
- the maze itselfxGoal
- the x goalyGoal
- the y goalxInitial
- the initial xyInitial
- the initial ymotionFailureProbability
- the probability of motion failingpublic boolean isObstacle(int state)
state
- the statepublic boolean isObstacle(int x, int y)
x
- the x locationy
- the y locationpublic int getHeight()
public int getWidth()
public int stateFor(int x, int y)
x
- the x locationy
- the y locationpublic int xFor(int state)
state
- the statepublic int yFor(int state)
state
- the statepublic int getStateCount()
MarkovDecisionProcess
getStateCount
in interface MarkovDecisionProcess
MarkovDecisionProcess.getStateCount()
public int getActionCount()
MarkovDecisionProcess
getActionCount
in interface MarkovDecisionProcess
MarkovDecisionProcess.getActionCount()
public double reward(int state, int action)
MarkovDecisionProcess
reward
in interface MarkovDecisionProcess
state
- the stateaction
- the actionMarkovDecisionProcess.reward(int, int)
public double transitionProbability(int i, int j, int a)
MarkovDecisionProcess
transitionProbability
in interface MarkovDecisionProcess
i
- the first statej
- the second statea
- the actionMarkovDecisionProcess.transitionProbability(int, int, int)
public int sampleState(int i, int a)
MarkovDecisionProcess
sampleState
in interface MarkovDecisionProcess
i
- the current statea
- the actionMarkovDecisionProcess.sampleState(int, int)
public int sampleInitialState()
MarkovDecisionProcess
sampleInitialState
in interface MarkovDecisionProcess
MarkovDecisionProcess.sampleInitialState()
public boolean isTerminalState(int state)
MarkovDecisionProcess
isTerminalState
in interface MarkovDecisionProcess
state
- the stateMarkovDecisionProcess.isTerminalState(int)
public static MazeMarkovDecisionProcess load(java.lang.String fileName) throws java.lang.Exception
fileName
- the file to read froman
- exception when there's an error reading
the filejava.lang.Exception
public java.lang.String toString()
toString
in class java.lang.Object


This application compares three different link list cycle searching algorithms.
Linked lists are automatically created for this purpouse, you just need to enter
parameters that are relevant for these algorithms to start processing. The
parameters needed are size of the linked list and the element where the linked
list goes into a loop. The job of every algorithm is then whether this linked
list has a loop, and if it has, which element is the start of it. To automatically
create linked list click create, to find cycles click on algorithm name. To repeat
the experiment just click create again.
To test if the algorithm is correct, you enter -1 as the element at which the
loop starts, which should mean there is no loop at all. Mind that the loop
start number is zero based, so are the results. Be careful though, entering
too many elements for a linked list will quickly fill up your memory. In case of
naive algorithm it will also take a looong time for an application to finish.
Start with small first and mind the fact, that it's complexity is O(n²) ;)
I didn't install many input validations. I believe that the audience interested
in this piece of software will be smart. ;)
Finding a loop in a linked list very quickly is probably not something you will
need to think about in your commercial projects, but if you need the code you
are free to use mine. I am distributing it under MIT licence (text below). If
you found it usefull, drop me a line if you can, I'd like to know.
Copyright (c) 2011 Matej Zavrsnik
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of
this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in
the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to
use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of
the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so,
subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all
copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM,
OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE
SOFTWARE.


Your last action caused an internal server error. Please open the Application root and retry your last action.
If this is a permanent error, you should open a bug ticket, or check if a similar one already exists.


Gamerz Paradise
Home
(current)
ABOUT US
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XBOX
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CONSOLE
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PS·3
PS·4
CONSOLE
ORDER NOW!
(current)
CONTACT US
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XBOX
Rent
KES 300
Rent
KES 350
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KES 400
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KES 300
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Getting to Blinky
Create a LED Blink project
- Open the PIO home page selection
Project Examples
Select
arduino blink
ClickImport
Import sample program (first need to download the schema file and import tool, It may take long time to download)
You can see the sample project after the import is successful.
Project configuration file
- We first need to edit the configuration file works
platformio.ini
according to their own development board model, delete the other development board environmen.
Configuration example
[env:sipeed-longan-nano]
platform = gd32v ;Platform, choose gd32v
framework = arduino ;Optional gd32vf103-sdk or arduino
board = sipeed-longan-nano ; Development board
monitor_speed = 115200 ; Serial monitor baudrate
upload_protocol = serial ; Download tool Default serial port, optional jlink, gd-link, dfu, etc.
debug_tool = jlink ; Debugging tool default jlink, optional sipeed-rv-debugger, etc.
PIO can implement setting macro definitions in the configuration file, control custom functions such as compilation process, etc. For advanced usage, please refer to PIO official documentation.
One-click compilation
Click on the lower left corner Build
to build the project
Connect to the development board
Serial ISP download
- Prepare the USB to serial downloader
- Connect development board and downloader
- Modify the
platformio.ini
file and add the following line:
upload_protocol = serial
- Development board hold down the
BOOT
key, then press theRESET
button to restart development board and then release theBOOT
button to enter download mode development board.
JTAG download
- Prepare J-link or Sipeed RV Debugger
- Connection development board
- Modify the
platformio.ini
file, add the following line:
upload_protocol = jlink
or
upload_protocol = sipeed-rv-debugger
USB DFU download
- If using it for the first time then you need to install libusb driver, please refer to this guide using Zaidig install the driver.
- Prepare the USB Type-C cable
- Use a data cable to connect development board to your computer.
- Modify the
platformio.ini
file, add the following line:
upload_protocol = dfu
- Development board hold down the
BOOT
key, then press theRESET
button to restart development board and then release theBOOT
button to enter DFU mode.
One click download
After selecting the download method according to the above steps, you can use the PIO built-in tool to download it with one click.
Click on the lower left corner Upload
to upload the program to the development board.
Install drivers using Zadig
PIO has a built-in dfu-util download tool. To use this tool, you need to install the libusb driver for the development board. (Note: different from GD official driver)
It is recommended to install the winusb driver via Zadig. download link
Open Zadig after successful download
Select GD32V in the drop-down bar, replace the driver with WinUSB, click the Replace button, and the replacement will succeed.
USB DFU download
Download the DFU tool：http://dl.sipeed.com/LONGAN/Nano/Tools/GD32_MCU_Dfu_Tool_V<IP_ADDRESS>84_1.rar
Unzip two folders：
GD32 MCU Dfu Drivers_v<IP_ADDRESS>6 and GD32 MCU Dfu Tool_v<IP_ADDRESS>84
First enter the driver folder, install the corresponding driver file, pay attention to run with administrator privileges
Run GD32 MCU Dfu Tool.exe Insert Longan Nano into the computer, press and hold the Boot0 key, short press the Reset key, then release the Boot0 key, you can see that the GD32VF chip is recognized in the DFU tool.
Select the corresponding firmware file, and check the checksum after burning. Click OK to burn.
After the burning is completed, it will not be reset automatically. You need to manually press the reset button to check the running effect.


This shows the Total Deaths per Million Inhabitant per Country.
This chart compare the Countries GDP (divided by 1000) to the number of Deaths Per Million.
This Chart compare the Population Density to the to the number of Deaths Per Million.


Quick start
- {@link io.realm.Realm}
The Realm database. The storage and transactional manager of your object
persistent store. It is in charge of creating and removing instances of your RealmObjects, querying, and
performing transactions.
Read more.
- {@link io.realm.RealmConfiguration}
A configuration object that is used to setup a specific Realm instance.
Read more.
- {@link io.realm.RealmObject}
The super class of all objects (models) that are to be stored in Realm. A Java object must extend
{@link io.realm.RealmObject} in order to be considered a RealmObject.
Read more.
- {@link io.realm.RealmList}
A List that is used in
RealmObjects to model one-to-many relationships with other RealmObjects.
Read more.
- {@link io.realm.RealmQuery}
An object that encapsulates a query as defined through Realms fluent query interface. Queries are executed
using either the {@link io.realm.RealmQuery#findAll}, {@link io.realm.RealmQuery#findFirst} or their variants.
Read more.
- {@link io.realm.RealmResults}
The result set of an executed RealmQuery for a given Realm. RealmResults are live,
auto-updating
views into the underlying data, which means results never have to be re-fetched.
Read more.


The utility of this package includes finite mixture modeling and model-based clustering through Manly mixture models by Zhu and Melnykov (2016) <doi:10.1016/j.csda.2016.01.015>. It also provides capabilities for forward and backward model selection procedures.
| Version: | 0.1.14 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.0.0) |
| Published: | 2018-04-25 |
| Author: | Xuwen Zhu [aut, cre], Volodymyr Melnykov [aut], Michael Hutt [ctb, cph] (NM optimization in c), Stephen Moshier [ctb, cph] (eigen calculations in c), Rouben Rostamian [ctb, cph] (memory allocation in c) |
| Maintainer: | Xuwen Zhu <xuwen.zhu at louisville.edu> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| NeedsCompilation: | yes |
| Citation: | ManlyMix citation info |
| Materials: | NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | ManlyMix results |
| Reference manual: | ManlyMix.pdf |
| Package source: | ManlyMix_0.1.14.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: ManlyMix_0.1.14.zip, r-release: ManlyMix_0.1.14.zip, r-oldrel: ManlyMix_0.1.14.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: ManlyMix_0.1.14.tgz, r-oldrel: ManlyMix_0.1.14.tgz |
| Old sources: | ManlyMix archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=ManlyMix to link to this page.


Sheleah Joy Dait
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>To take a position as a Professional Artist.
Join lots of art contest.
Been a painter of a school museum and library.
Teaching some kids and teens of my art works.
Traditional artist: paint, sketch, draw, etc.
Digital artist: vector like pop art and poly art.BS Computer Science, University of the Cordilleras


and you are like the word Melancholy
你如同忧郁这个词。
I like for you to be still, and you seem far away
我喜欢你是寂静的，好像你已远去。
It sounds as though you are lamenting, a butterfly cooing like a dove
你听起来像在悲叹，一只如鸽悲鸣的蝴蝶。
And you hear me from far away, and my voice does not reach you
你从远处听见我，我的声音无法触及你：
Let me come to be still in your silence
让我在你的沉默中安静无声。
And let me talk to you with your silence
并且让我借你的沉默与你说话，
that is bright as a lamp, simple as a ring
你的沉默明亮如灯，简单如指环，
You are like the night, with its stillness and constellations
你就像黑夜，拥有寂寞与群星。
Your silence is that of a star, as remote and candid
你的沉默就是星星的沉默，遥远而明亮。
I like for you to be still: it is as though you are absent
我喜欢你是寂静的，仿佛你消失了一样，
distant and full of sorrow, as though you had died
遥远而且哀伤，仿佛你已经死了。
One word then, one smile, is enough
彼时，一个字，一个微笑，已经足够。
And I'm happy, happy that it's not true
而我会觉得幸福，因那不是真的而觉得幸福。


Click on the questions below to reveal each respective answer.
A funeral or memorial service provides an opportunity for the living to show respect for the deceased and pay tribute to their life. It provides a framework to freely and openly express our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts about the death of our loved one. It gives us permission to grieve our loss, share in solidarity, and gain strength from others who are experiencing the same loss.
A funeral or memorial service provides an opportunity for the living to show respect for the deceased and pay tribute to their life. It provides a framework to freely and openly express our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts about the death of our loved one. It gives us permission to grieve our loss, share in solidarity, and gain strength from others who are experiencing the same loss.
A funeral or memorial service provides an opportunity for the living to show respect for the deceased and pay tribute to their life. It provides a framework to freely and openly express our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts about the death of our loved one. It gives us permission to grieve our loss, share in solidarity, and gain strength from others who are experiencing the same loss.
A funeral or memorial service provides an opportunity for the living to show respect for the deceased and pay tribute to their life. It provides a framework to freely and openly express our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts about the death of our loved one. It gives us permission to grieve our loss, share in solidarity, and gain strength from others who are experiencing the same loss.
A funeral or memorial service provides an opportunity for the living to show respect for the deceased and pay tribute to their life. It provides a framework to freely and openly express our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts about the death of our loved one. It gives us permission to grieve our loss, share in solidarity, and gain strength from others who are experiencing the same loss.
A funeral or memorial service provides an opportunity for the living to show respect for the deceased and pay tribute to their life. It provides a framework to freely and openly express our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts about the death of our loved one. It gives us permission to grieve our loss, share in solidarity, and gain strength from others who are experiencing the same loss.
A funeral or memorial service provides an opportunity for the living to show respect for the deceased and pay tribute to their life. It provides a framework to freely and openly express our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts about the death of our loved one. It gives us permission to grieve our loss, share in solidarity, and gain strength from others who are experiencing the same loss.
A funeral or memorial service provides an opportunity for the living to show respect for the deceased and pay tribute to their life. It provides a framework to freely and openly express our beliefs, feelings, and thoughts about the death of our loved one. It gives us permission to grieve our loss, share in solidarity, and gain strength from others who are experiencing the same loss.
Are you a survivor of someone who was receiving Social Security benefits? If so, you or another family member may qualify for monthly survivors benefits. As the survivor, if you are the spouse, child or parent of someone who has worked long enough under the Social Security Administration you may qualify to receive certain benefits.
Social Security Death Benefits are paid to widows, widowers, and dependents of a deceased eligible worker. This benefit, meant to assist with a family’s financial burden of losing the lost loved one’s income, is particularly important for young families with children.
Monthly benefit amounts are based on the earnings of the person who died. The more they paid into Social Security, the higher your benefits would be. This amount is a percentage of the deceased’s basic Social Security benefit.
Additionally, a one-time lump-sum death payment of $255 can be paid to the surviving spouse if he or she is living with the deceased; or if living apart, was receiving certain Social Security benefits on the deceased’s record. When there is no surviving spouse, the payment is made to a child who is eligible for benefits.
In most cases, the funeral home will report the person’s death, however, if not, a surviving family member should notify the Social Security Administration as soon as possible following the date of death. Deaths cannot be reported online, and benefits can not be applied for online.
If you need to report a death or apply for benefits, or have questions about qualifying to receive survivor’s benefits, call 1-800-772-1213.
Additional information is available online at ssa.gov/benefits/survivors
Many of us are unsure about what encouraging words to say to the family or how to interact and respond to their feelings of sorrow. Knowing a few funeral etiquette rules can help anyone be more comfortable in both a funeral and visitation setting.
Once you learn of someone’s death, visiting the family at their home is appropriate, but the funeral home is the best place to visit with family members and offer your condolences. For anyone wanting to visit and offer assistance to the family before services are held, these actions can provide additional comfort. Offering to bring food, household necessities, assist with childcare and handle any errands or chores are a few of the things you can do to assist the grieving family.
This is the most common question asked by someone wanting to pay their respects. While no words can adequately express the depth of a loss, offering a few kind words to the family of the deceased lets them know you care. Try to avoid airing your grievances or saying the deceased is in a better place now.
Many people attend funeral services and are unfamiliar with seating arrangements. Typically, at both the funeral and visitation service, the first rows of seats are reserved for family members. If you are not a part of the family, choose a seat behind the reserved seating.
Arriving on time is very important. When entering either the funeral home or another location, enter as quietly as possible. If you are attending the visitation, speak to the surviving family members and offer your condolences before taking a seat. Cell phone use during a service is inappropriate. If you feel you must answer a message or call, excuse yourself and walk into another room or outside.
While there isn’t a definite answer to this question, a child attending a visitation or funeral service depends on the situation or relationship to the deceased and their family, as well as the age of the child and whether or not they can appropriately behave. If you decide to take your child to any service, explain what will occur while at the service and how they should act during that time.
Sending flowers to the funeral home or home is an appropriate way to offer condolences. In some cases, the family members may ask for donations to be made to a particular foundation in lieu of flowers, and those wishes should be honored. Bringing food to the grieving family is another way to show respect to those who are suffering from the loss. A less expensive and completely appropriate option would be to send the family a sympathy card. There is no specific time or expiration on when cards can be sent.
Immediately following the death of a loved one, there are many decisions that must be made. At this time, you may find your emotions are heightened, and for that reason it is a good idea to ask for help in making all the decisions and arrangements. Additionally, the funeral home’s staff is eager to assist you and the family in making the best decisions possible.
This information can help guide you and your family through the process.
Before any arrangements and decisions can be made, a legal pronouncement of death must be declared. If your loved one dies inside of a medical or nursing facility like a hospital or nursing home, the staff will handle getting this declaration made. If your loved one dies at home, you need to immediately contact the local emergency officials to come and take them to a hospital where they can be legally declared dead.  This legal declaration must be made before the family can proceed with making any funeral arrangements or handling any legal affairs.
Once your loved one has been declared dead you and your family can proceed with making any type of funeral arrangements. Your loved one may have pre-planned any type of services, and you and your family should first look into those choices. If your loved one has not made any previous type of arrangements, and you have decided on which funeral home you would like to to use for the services, you will contact them and meet with the funeral director and begin discussing options.
During this time, if the deceased hasn’t made their final wishes known, the family will need to decide if they will bury or cremate the body, and what type of service should be held. These decisions include the time, date and location of any service; what type of casket or urn your loved one needs; drafting an obituary
notice; deciding on pallbearers; and make any decisions about the specifics of the service like who the minister will be, what music will be played and who will speak.
As part of the process to begin making the funeral arrangements, if the deceased was active or retired military, contact the Veterans Administration to determine if they offer any death benefits or service options.
Once you have met the funeral director, they will advise you on any information or paperwork they need for the death certificate or to proceed with making final arrangements.
Information Required:
Funeral directors will need important documents to complete any legal paperwork. These documents include:
Following the death of your loved one, there are few things you need to attend to involving the deceased’s personal life. First, secure your loved one’s property. Make sure their home and vehicle are properly secure. If your loved one has a pet, make the necessary arrangements for the pet to be taken care of by family or friends. Any mail that comes to your loved one should be forwarded to a family member that plans to handle the deceased’s estate. Any mail that piles up at a vacant home only alarms potential intruders that a home is empty. Make sure to contact the deceased’s boss and inform them of the death. If your loved one had any upcoming appointments, make contact to notify them about the death and to cancel the appointment.
Death away from home is very unexpected, but it does happen. The process of handling funeral arrangements is already complicated and stressful, but knowing what to do when this happens away from home can help family members responsible for making any arrangements.
The first step would be contacting the funeral director at your local facility. He or she will be able to advise you on the best course of action in dealing with this situation.
When the death occurs within the United States, the family has the option to transport the body back to the home state or town. This usually requires the use of two funeral homes to provide a part of the services. The first funeral home at the location of death will collect and prepare the body for transport and the second funeral home will receive the body and conduct any services the family would like to hold.
When a death occurs outside of the United States, the family can have the body returned. The preparation and shipment will be done according to the laws and customs of the country where the death occurred. Embalming isn’t widely practiced in other countries, however there are other methods to prepare the body for shipment. The family will also have the option to bury the deceased in the country where the death occurred or have the remains cremated and returned to the United States through the mail or air services with the family.


{% extends 'support_base.html' %} {% block content %}
We are down for maintenace.
We'll be back soon.
Contact us<PHONE_NUMBER>


Click on the empty score boxes next to names to fill in scores for each player. The scores must be non-negative numbers with at most 3 digits. Scores are validated using a TextEditingTool.textValidation function. When two players in a "game" have a score, one of them will automatically advance to the next round of the bracket.


Ever After (1998)
Director: Andy Tennant Cast: Drew Barrymore, Anjelica Huston, Dougray Scott, Patrick Godfrey, Megan Dodds, Melanie Lynskey Screenplay: Susannah Grant, Andy Tennant, Rick Parks Producers: Mireille Soria, Tracey Trench Runtime: 120 min. US Distribution: 20th Century Fox Rated PG-13: mild violence and profanity
By Nathaniel R. Atcheson<EMAIL_ADDRESS>While watching Ever After, I realized that the only rendition of the classic tale of Cinderella I had seen is Disney's animated version. I became aware of this about halfway into the film, when I noted that it was going to be hard for the director, Andy Tennant, and his writers to include fairy godmothers, talking mice, and carriages that turn into pumpkins after midnight. Like most children's' stories, I have no affinity for this particular fairy tale, but Ever After is a delightfully entertaining re-interpretation of the story.
Drew Barrymore takes center stage in this version, cast as the young Danielle. After the untimely death of her father (she's only eight when he dies), Danielle falls under orders of her stepmother, Rodmilla (a very wicked Anjelica Huston), and stepsisters (Megan Dodds and Melanie Lynskey). Danielle is, of course, a very strong girl because she was raised from an early age by her father. Rodmilla sees this as an advantage, and puts Danielle to hard labor for ten years. When Danielle reaches the ripe age of eighteen, she's a confident and hard-working young woman, in addition to being fantastically attractive.
So, when she meets the Prince Henry (Dougray Scott), heir to the French throne, he's instantly enthralled with her intelligence (she likes to read) and passion (she's a socialist). But, feeling that her status is not good enough for him, she spins a lie in which she pretends to be a rich Baroness whenever he's around. What she doesn't realize is that Henry is looking for his bride, and that her stepsister, Marguerite (Dodds), is successfully attempting to win the right to be his wife.
It takes a lot of talent to wring interest out of a story told so many times, and Tennant proves that he's up to the task. Visually, the film is impressive, with nice cinematography, and fantastic sets and costumes. I never got the feeling that I was watching something artificial, or that any of it took place on a sound stage. Some of the scenes are truly fantastic, such as the infamous ball. It's refreshing to see a Hollywood period piece that actually pays attention to details (although all the actors have British accents, despite the fact that they're living in France).
Tennant is also a gifted storyteller, and he makes this clear in the passion with which this story is told. True, some of the scenes are nearly overdone, but Tennant is a master at payoffs -- there are numerous segments that thrilled me, and had the audience around me cheering with excitement. There won't be an indifferent mind in the house when Danielle finally has her way with Marguerite, or when Tennant shows us the best way to take revenge of a wicked stepmother.
Barrymore is luminous in the lead role. It's nice to see a child actor that actually made it through the teenage years; Barrymore, in addition, was one of the few child actors who had talent. Here, she perfects a British accent (but shouldn't it have been a French accent?), while injecting Danielle with multiple layers of intelligence and strength. She is the heart of this film, and manages to elevate the already-high quality of the overall package. The supporting roles are colorful, particularly from Huston. She was clearly born to play this role; her eyes seethe wickedness even when she isn't speaking. Scott is also very good (and very funny) as the spoiled prince. Dodds, as the bitchy stepsister, is perfect, while Lynskey (who was fantastic in Heavenly Creatures) is likable as the good stepsister.
The previews for Ever After didn't look promising; I expected a thoughtless and dry interpretation of the story. Instead, I got this film, which is energetic and charming -- this is Hollywood storytelling at it's finest. In addition to crafting a great picture all-around, Tennant has discovered the best possible way to avoid the magic spells and talking animals that most people will expect from the story. He deserves double bonus points for that.
*** out of **** (7/10, B)
Visit FILM PSYCHOSIS at http://www.pyramid.net/natesmovies
Nathaniel R. Atcheson
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Paste your sequence number into the input box below, and click the Classify button to predict if your sequence number is fraud or not fraud.


Monthly Salary Expenditure Calculator
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The function which() is widely used to check which indices in a vector satisfy certain condition.
The function which.min() is a widely used function to find the index where maximum and minimum value exists in a vector, data.frame.
The basic usage of which()
and which.min()
function is written in the exercise.
which.max
function.
# Create a variable x
x <- iris$Sepal.Length
# Logical vector
x>4
# Fix the following code to save indices where the value is larger than 4 into variable a.
a <- which(x>4)
# Access the values where x > 4.
x[a]
# Find an index where a minimum value exists.
which.min(x)
# Find an index where a maximum value exists.
which.max(x)


About This Page
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Source Code
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It colects these datas.
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Look for qualified this usages in the same class.
Examples:
Integer a = 235; Integer b = 235; if (a.equals(b)) { // code }


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Camilla, the Duchess of Cornwall, pulls out of Royal duties due to illness
by Christy Somos, CTVNews.ca WriterTORONTO – Camilla, the Duchess of Cornwall, has had to pull out of the Royals Remembrance Day events Thursday and cancel other Royal official duties due to illness.
A spokesperson for Clarence House said the 72-year-old Duchess was told by her doctor to “cancel her engagements” due to a chest infection which has “progressively gotten worse” in the last few days.
On Wednesday, the Duchess cancelled her scheduled appearance at a London dinner gala celebrating the 200-year anniversary of Prince Albert’s birth. She also pulled out of Remembrance Day activities on Thursday, according to the BBC.
The Duchess had been due to lay commemorative wreaths, with Prince Harry and Meghan Markle, at the 91st Field of Remembrance event at Westminster Abbey.


{% extends "app/layout.html" %} {% block content %}
Analyze the Fresh and Clean study.
Fresh and Clean
Analyze the Orange Beverages study.
Analyze the Orange Beverages study
Orange Beverages
To find the right search results, this Guide will help in following the right route.
To find the right search results, this Guide will help in following the right route that leads to the results you are looking for. First select the route that matches the trail you want to follow. The route consists of a serie of selections and decisions that have to be made. These selections and decisions help in defining the search query. Instead of a free format search, the route is a guided process that leads to the right search query which will return the results you are looking for.
Guide »
Analyze the Global Panels study.
Global Panels
Errors detected.


Product Sequence Information
Results
Product
Quantity
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product_id
product
manufacturer
begin_data
end_date
quantity
of
delivery_date
pere


(c) 2019-2020 CADCloud team
This demo is built on top of FreeCAD 0.19 used to
save on the justyour.parts server
Use your mouse to rotate the model (left mouse button kept pressed)
Press A to left pan the model
Press D to right pan the model
Simple click on a Part to hide it. Click within this list entry to reactivate
the part


My Team
Tom
Manager
ID: 1
Email:
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Office Number: 24
Phil
Engineer
ID: 2
Email:
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Github:
phildev
Joe
Intern
ID: 3
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<EMAIL_ADDRESS>School: University of Penn


Simulation and estimation for Neyman-Scott spatial cluster point process models and their extensions, based on the methodology in Tanaka, Ogata, and Stoyan (2008) <doi:10.1002/bimj.200610339>. For estimating parameters by the simplex method, parallel computation using 'OpenMP' application programming interface is available.
| Version: | 1.2.0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.0.0) |
| Imports: | graphics |
| Published: | 2018-03-19 |
| Author: | Ushio Tanaka [aut] (Fortran original), Junji Nakano [aut], Masami Saga [aut, cre] |
| Maintainer: | Masami Saga <msaga at mtb.biglobe.ne.jp> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 [expanded from: GPL (≥ 2)] |
| Copyright: | see file COPYRIGHTS |
| NeedsCompilation: | yes |
| CRAN checks: | NScluster results |
| Reference manual: | NScluster.pdf |
| Package source: | NScluster_1.2.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: NScluster_1.2.0.zip, r-release: NScluster_1.2.0.zip, r-oldrel: NScluster_1.2.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: NScluster_1.2.0.tgz, r-oldrel: NScluster_1.2.0.tgz |
| Old sources: | NScluster archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=NScluster to link to this page.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block header %}URL Shortner v{{ version }}{% endblock %} {% block content %}
A simple authenticated URL shortner, original written for the UK Network Operators Forum (UKNOF).
Written in Python using Flask, sqlite and Bootstrap.
Is available on Github - https://github.com/uknof/shortner.
Nat Morris - @natmorris
The MIT License (MIT) Copyright (c) 2014 UKIF Ltd Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.  IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.{% endblock %}


Fault Injection
Scenario
The user via fault injection on the consumer side to set the delay and error of the request to the specified microservice and its trigger probability.
Precautions
The delay time for delay injection requests is unified to the millisecond level.
Configuration instructions
The fault injection configuration is in the microservice.yaml file. The related configuration items are shown in the following table. To enable fault injection in the service consumer, you need to configure the consumer fault injection handler in the processing chain. The configuration example is as follows:
servicecomb:
handler:
chain:
Consumer:
default: loadbalance,fault-injection-consumer
Fault injection configuration item description
[scope] represents the effective scope of the fault injection. The configurable value includes the global configuration _global or the service name of the microservice [ServiceName].
[protocol] represents the communication protocol used, and configurable values include rest or highway.
| Configuration Item | Default Value | Range of Value | Required | Meaning | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[scope].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].delay.fixedDelay | None | (0,9223372036854775807], Long Shaping | No | Consumer Send Delay Injection Request Delay time | current time unit is milliseconds | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[scope].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].delay.percent | 100 | (0,100], Shaping | No | Trigger Probability of Sending Delay Injection Requests by Consumers | | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[ServiceName].schemas.[schema].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].delay.fixedDelay | None | (0,9223372036854775807], Long Shaping| No | Delay time for delay injection request sent by the consumer to the corresponding schema | Support for schema level configuration | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[ServiceName].schemas.[schema].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].delay.percent | 100 | (0,100],Plastic| No| Consumer Trigger probability of a delayed injection request sent by the end to the corresponding schema | Support for schema level configuration | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[ServiceName].schemas.[schema].operations.[operation].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].delay.fixedDelay | None | (0 ,9223372036854775807],long shaping| no|delay time of delay injection request sent by the consumer to the corresponding operation | support operation level configuration | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[ServiceName].schemas.[schema].operations.[operation].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].delay.percent | 100 | (0,100 ], shaping|no| trigger probability of delay injection request sent by the consumer to the corresponding operation | support operation level configuration | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[scope].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].abort.httpStatus | None | (100,999], Shaping | No | The http error sent by the Consumer to send an error injection request Code| | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[scope].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].abort.percent | 100 | (0,100], Shaping | No | Trigger Probability of Sending Error Injection Requests by Consumers | | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[ServiceName].schemas.[schema].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].abort.httpStatus | None | (100,999],Plastic| No| Consumer Http error code sent by the end to the corresponding schema error injection request | Support schema level configuration | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[ServiceName].schemas.[schema].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].abort.percent | 100 | (0,100],Plastic| No| Consumer Trigger probability of error injection request sent by the end to the corresponding schema | Support schema level configuration | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[ServiceName].schemas.[schema].operations.[operation].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].abort.httpStatus | None | (100,999 ], shaping | No | http error code sent by the consumer to the error injection request of the corresponding operation | Support operation level configuration | | servicecomb.governance.Consumer.[ServiceName].schemas.[schema].operations.[operation].policy.fault.protocols.[protocol].abort.percent | 100 | (0,100 ], shaping | No | Trigger probability of error injection request sent by the consumer to the corresponding operation | Support operation level configuration |
Sample Code
servicecomb:
governance:
Consumer:
_global:
policy:
fault:
protocols:
rest:
delay:
fixedDelay: 5000
percent: 10
servicecomb:
governance:
Consumer:
ServerFaultTest:
schemas:
schema:
operations:
operation:
policy:
fault:
protocols:
rest:
abort:
httpStatus: 421
percent: 100


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On February 15, 2001, the following letter arrived, addressed to Todd Fries, holder of the OpenSSH.com domain. Other than holding that domain, Todd Fries has nothing to do with the OpenSSH project. The domain is in the process of being transferred to an OpenSSH developer.
Note that the US trademark is on a logo; that logo being a graphic containing the lowercase letters "ssh" in a special font.
The United States Patent and Trademark Office also has a web friendly entry about this trademark at: http://tarr.uspto.gov/servlet/tarr?regser=registration&entry=2141991. Unfortunately, that search engine provides incomplete information and does not detail the actual mark status, but other unlinkable searches engines in the USPTO database will show the mark to be listed like this:
"(5) WORDS, LETTERS, AND/OR NUMBERS IN STYLIZED FORM"
OpenSSH doesn't use that particular style (Hey -- we've got style, just not that kind of style).


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RESEARCHING MARINE LIFE
NASA astronauts, scientists and technicians will living in an underwater habitat called Aquarius for 13 days to research marine life and prepare explorers for missions to far-off planetary destinations in a project called NEEMO-15.
MORE ABOUT THE PROJECT
NEEMO is NASA Extreme Environment Mission Operations, and NEEMO-15 all about practicing exploration to an asteroid. In a real mission to a distant object in space, robotic missions will send back thousands of pictures before a crew arrives. In May, a robotic submarine took thousands of pictures of the reef around the Aquarius habitat. With your help, we can prepare the crew, traverse planners, and mission directors quicker and better than they could ever do on their own!
 We need your help to analyze those images and help us guide the scientists on their excursions around the habitat!
NEEMO IN THE SOCIAL WEB


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Acupuncture treatment and massage therapy are the most nature way to balance your body
We know this better than anyone and can make acupuncture fit into any lifestyle

My Route, My World
Apollo


I am an experienced, hands-on fractional CFO. In the past, I was responsible for full fiduciary financial management of international entities ranging from $20-$40M in Fortune 500 companies.
After 23 years in Corporate, I started managing finance for small businesses in 2001. I have a passion for translating enterprise level finance fundamentals to organizations of any size – and overall for building rock solid financial management while maximizing profitability.
In my personal life, I love sailing and spending time with my beloved husband. One of my biggest kicks in life is collaborating and being part of exceptional teams.
I graduated from The University of Texas at Austin with a degree in Architectural Engineering. However, during my last year at university, I opted to go the entrepreneurial route rather than a desk job at an engineering firm. Since 2003, I have co-owned several businesses, and discovered that my passion for numbers, details, and telling people what to do, was very useful in the finance and operations sides of the businesses.
When Brigitte and I started working together in 2011, it was evident that uniting our talents is a powerful combination. Thus, UFO was born.


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DRAMAMINE ORIGINAL FORMULA- dimenhydrinate tablet
Medtech Products Inc.
Disclaimer: Most OTC drugs are not reviewed and approved by FDA, however they may be marketed if they comply with applicable regulations and policies. FDA has not evaluated whether this product complies.
Active ingredient
(in each tablet)
Dimenhydrinate 50 mg
Use
for prevention and treatment of these symptoms associated with motion sickness:
- nausea
- vomiting
- dizziness
Warnings
Do not use
for children under 2 years of age unless directed by a doctor
Ask a doctor before use if you have
- a breathing problem such as emphysema or chronic bronchitis
- glaucoma
- trouble urinating due to an enlarged prostate gland
Ask a doctor or pharmacist before use if you are
taking sedatives or tranquilizers
When using this product
- marked drowsiness may occur
- avoid alcoholic drinks
- alcohol, sedatives, and tranquilizers may increase dizziness
- be careful when driving a motor vehicle or operating machinery
If pregnant or breast-feeding,
ask a doctor before use.
Keep out of reach of children.
In case of accidental overdose, get medical help or contact a Poison Control Center (1-800-222-1222) right away.
Directions
- to prevent motion sickness, the first dose should be taken ½ to 1 hour before starting activity
- to prevent or treat motion sickness, see below:
Adults and children 12 years and over
|
- take 1 to 2 tables every 4-6 hours
- do not take more than 8 tablets in
24 hours, or as directed by a doctor
|
Children 6 to under 12 years
|
- give ½ to 1 tablet every 6-8 hours
- do not give more than 3 tablets in
24 hours, or as directed by a doctor
|
Children 2 to under 6 years
|
- give ½ tablet every 6-8 hours
- do not give more than 1 ½ tablets
in 24 hours, or as directed by a doctor
|
Other information
- store at room temperature 68-77ºF (20-25ºC)
-
do not use if carton is open or if blister unit is broken or torn
- see side panel for lot number and expiration date
Inactive ingredients
anhydrous lactose, colloidal silicon dioxide, croscarmellose sodium, magnesium stearate, microcrystalline cellulose
Questions or comments?
Call 1-800-382-7219
PRINCIPAL DISPLAY PANEL
Dimenhydrinate Tablets/Antiemetic
ORIGINAL FORMULA Dramamine®
MOTION SICKNESS RELIEF
DUAL ACTION
1. TREATS SYMPTOMS ON THE SPOT
2. PREVENS NAUSEA, DIZZINESS & VOMITING
36 Tablets (50 mg EACH)
Medtech Products Inc.