#
Implementing Undo HistoryPrerequisites
- Completion of the "Redux Fundamentals" tutorial
- Understanding of "reducer composition"
Building an Undo and Redo functionality into an app has traditionally required conscious effort from the developer. It is not an easy problem with classical MVC frameworks because you need to keep track of every past state by cloning all relevant models. In addition, you need to be mindful of the undo stack because the user-initiated changes should be undoable.
This means that implementing Undo and Redo in an MVC application usually forces you to rewrite parts of your application to use a specific data mutation pattern like Command.
With Redux, however, implementing undo history is a breeze. There are three reasons for this:
- There are no multiple models—just a state subtree that you want to keep track of.
- The state is already immutable, and mutations are already described as discrete actions, which is close to the undo stack mental model.
-
The reducer
(state, action) => state
signature makes it natural to implement generic “reducer enhancers” or “higher order reducers”. They are functions that take your reducer and enhance it with some additional functionality while preserving its signature. Undo history is exactly such a case.
In the first part of this recipe, we will explain the underlying concepts that make Undo and Redo possible to implement in a generic way.
In the second part of this recipe, we will show how to use Redux Undo package that provides this functionality out of the box.
#
Understanding Undo History#
Designing the State ShapeUndo history is also part of your app's state, and there is no reason why we should approach it differently. Regardless of the type of the state changing over time, when you implement Undo and Redo, you want to keep track of the history of this state at different points in time.
For example, the state shape of a counter app might look like this:
If we wanted to implement Undo and Redo in such an app, we'd need to store more state so we can answer the following questions:
- Is there anything left to undo or redo?
- What is the current state?
- What are the past (and future) states in the undo stack?
It is reasonable to suggest that our state shape should change to answer these questions:
Now, if user presses “Undo”, we want it to change to move into the past:
And further yet:
When the user presses “Redo”, we want to move one step back into the future:
Finally, if the user performs an action (e.g. decrement the counter) while we're in the middle of the undo stack, we're going to discard the existing future:
The interesting part here is that it does not matter whether we want to keep an undo stack of numbers, strings, arrays, or objects. The structure will always be the same:
In general, it looks like this:
It is also up to us whether to keep a single top-level history:
Or many granular histories so user can undo and redo actions in them independently:
We will see later how the approach we take lets us choose how granular Undo and Redo need to be.
#
Designing the AlgorithmRegardless of the specific data type, the shape of the undo history state is the same:
Let's talk through the algorithm to manipulate
the state shape described above. We can define two
actions to operate on this state:
UNDO
and REDO
. In our
reducer, we will do the following steps to handle
these actions:
#
Handling Undo-
Remove the last element from the
past
. -
Set the
present
to the element we removed in the previous step. -
Insert the old
present
state at the beginning of thefuture
.
#
Handling Redo-
Remove the first element from the
future
. -
Set the
present
to the element we removed in the previous step. -
Insert the old
present
state at the end of thepast
.
#
Handling Other Actions-
Insert the
present
at the end of thepast
. -
Set the
present
to the new state after handling the action. - Clear the
future
.
#
First Attempt: Writing a ReducerThis implementation isn't usable because it leaves out three important questions:
-
Where do we get the initial
present
state from? We don't seem to know it beforehand. -
Where do we react to the external actions to save
the
present
to thepast
? -
How do we actually delegate the control over the
present
state to a custom reducer?
It seems that reducer isn't the right abstraction, but we're very close.
#
Meet Reducer EnhancersYou might be familiar with higher order functions. If you use React, you might be familiar with higher order components. Here is a variation on the same pattern, applied to reducers.
A reducer enhancer (or a
higher order reducer) is a function that
takes a reducer, and returns a new reducer that is
able to handle new actions, or to hold more state,
delegating control to the inner reducer for the
actions it doesn't understand. This isn't a
new pattern—technically,
combineReducers()
is also a reducer enhancer because it takes reducers
and returns a new reducer.
A reducer enhancer that doesn't do anything looks like this:
A reducer enhancer that combines other reducers might look like this:
#
Second Attempt: Writing a Reducer Enhancer
Now that we have a better understanding of reducer
enhancers, we can see that this is exactly what
undoable
should have been:
We can now wrap any reducer into
undoable
reducer enhancer to teach it to
react to UNDO
and
REDO
actions.
There is an important gotcha: you need to remember to
append .present
to the current state when
you retrieve it. You may also check
.past.length
and
.future.length
to determine whether to
enable or to disable the Undo and Redo buttons,
respectively.
You might have heard that Redux was influenced by Elm Architecture. It shouldn't come as a surprise that this example is very similar to elm-undo-redo package.
#
Using Redux Undo
This was all very informative, but can't we just
drop a library and use it instead of implementing
undoable
ourselves? Sure, we can! Meet
Redux Undo, a library that provides simple Undo and Redo
functionality for any part of your Redux tree.
In this part of the recipe, you will learn how to make
a small "todo list" app logic undoable. You
can find the full source of this recipe in the
todos-with-undo
example that comes
with Redux.
#
InstallationFirst of all, you need to run
This installs the package that provides the
undoable
reducer enhancer.
#
Wrapping the Reducer
You will need to wrap the reducer you wish to enhance
with undoable
function. For example, if
you exported a todos
reducer from a
dedicated file, you will want to change it to export
the result of calling undoable()
with the
reducer you wrote:
reducers/todos.js
#
There are many other options to configure your undoable reducer, like setting the action type for Undo and Redo actions.
Note that your combineReducers()
call
will stay exactly as it was, but the
todos
reducer will now refer to the
reducer enhanced with Redux Undo:
reducers/index.js
#
You may wrap one or more reducers in
undoable
at any level of the reducer
composition hierarchy. We choose to wrap
todos
instead of the top-level combined
reducer so that changes to
visibilityFilter
are not reflected in the
undo history.
#
Updating the Selectors
Now the todos
part of the state looks
like this:
This means you need to access your state with
state.todos.present
instead of just
state.todos
:
containers/VisibleTodoList.js
#
#
Adding the ButtonsNow all you need to do is add the buttons for the Undo and Redo actions.
First, create a new container component called
UndoRedo
for these buttons. We won't
bother to split the presentational part into a
separate file because it is very small:
containers/UndoRedo.js
#
You will use connect()
from
React Redux
to generate a container component. To determine
whether to enable Undo and Redo buttons, you can check
state.todos.past.length
and
state.todos.future.length
. You won't
need to write action creators for performing undo and
redo because Redux Undo already provides them:
containers/UndoRedo.js
#
Now you can add UndoRedo
component to the
App
component:
components/App.js
#
This is it! Run npm install
and
npm start
in the
example folder
and try it out!


Vision Online
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Copyright © 1999 Innovative Systems Techniques, Inc.
Updated January 28, 1999
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Table of Contents
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Overview
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D
DEFAULT_VIEW_ANGLE
- Static variable in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.poi.
Radar.FieldOfVision
The default view angle of 45 degrees
desc
- Variable in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.readers.arml.
SimpleARMLParser
The name and description read from the stream of the current parsed POI
detectFrame(byte[])
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.ar.marker.
MarkerCameraPreview.CaptureAnalyzer
Detects markers on a image frame, converted from YUV420 to RGB, and activates them until the next frame is grabbed.
detectMarkers(byte[])
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.ar.marker.toolkit.
ARToolkitPlus
Detects markers on a given image.
detectMarkers(byte[])
- Static method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.jni.
ARToolkitPlus
Calculates the transformation matrix
determinant()
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.poi.util.
Matrix
Calculates the matrix determinant
disableScreenTurnOff(Activity)
- Static method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.helpers.
ActivityHelpers
Disables the automatic screen light turn off.
divide(float)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.poi.util.
WorldVector
Divides the coordinates of the vector by a constant
dot(WorldVector)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.poi.util.
WorldVector
Calculates the dot value between this vector and another one.
draw(GL10)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.ar.marker.util.
Marker
Draws the model assigned to the marker.
draw(GL10)
- Method in interface pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.interfaces.rendering.marker.
Model
A method to draw the model on screen.
draw(Canvas, Paint)
- Method in interface pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.interfaces.rendering.poi.
POIModel
Draw the POIModel on screen
draw(GL10)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.marker.java.models.
Cube
draw(GL10)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.marker.wavefront.
ObjModel
draw(Canvas, Paint)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.poi.
Radar.FieldOfVision
Draws a line on top of the radar
draw(Canvas, Paint)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.poi.
SimplePOI
Draws the model on screen.
draw(Canvas, Paint)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.poi.
SimplePOI.TextBlock
Draws a box containing the text
drawPOI(Canvas, Paint, float)
- Method in class pt.com.gmv.lab.implant.rendering.poi.
SimplePOI
Override to customize the drawing routine of a POI This implementation draws a hollow circle in dark red color, with variable height, depending on the fact that the model is centered in the screen
Overview
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EBD - Easton Bible DIctionary
Tittle
TITTLE
"TITTLE "a point, (
Matthew 5:18
;
Luke 16:17
), the minute point or stroke added to some letters of the Hebrew alphabet to distinguish them from others which they resemble; hence, the very least point.
"TITTLE "a point, (Matthew 5:18; Luke 16:17), the minute point or stroke added to some letters of the Hebrew alphabet to distinguish them from others which they resemble; hence, the very least point.


{{ define "title" }}Page not found - {{ .Site.Title }}{{ end }} {{ define "extra-head" }} {{ end }} {{ define "main" }}
There is nothing here...
Check out my homepage instead.
There is nothing here but this photo...
Enjoyed? Credits go to Unsplash. Check out my homepage when you're ready.


EpiCore links a worldwide member network of health professionals in order to provide verification of suspected or rumored disease outbreaks.
EpiCore requesters look for leads regarding possible public health events around the world using any source of information
When evidence of a public health event is found, EpiCore requesters will send a request for information (RFI) to the members of a specific geographic region in order to verify the information
Through a secure online platform, members are able to easily and quickly provide (if preferred anonymously) details and local expertise which speeds the event verification or update
The information collected through the platform is shared on the EpiCore Public RFI dashboard as a event summary as well as disseminated via other communication channels by each requester


Google Chrome Web browser: The passwords are stored in [Windows Profile]\Local Settings\Application Data\Google\Chrome\User Data\Default\Web Data (This filename is SQLite database which contains encrypted passwords and other stuff)


Authorize access to Google Apps Script Execution API
Authorize
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Send Mail
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Howdy! My name is Maddy, and I'd love for you to explore my website to learn more about me!
I am a current sophomore studying Medical Technology at Marist College. From drawing patient blood to running tests in the laboratory to culturing bacteria, I love spending as much time in the laboratory as possible. For as long as I can remember science has been my favorite subject, trying to figure out how things work and what makes up the vast world around us. I have also come to enjoy the fun world coding, and the magical realm behind computer science.
For the past 3 years I have worked at CT Mobile Veterinary Services assisting in hospital services for both feline and canine pets. I have been able to gain a tremendous amount of experience handling animals, preparing laboratory specimens, and everything there is about owning a furry friend! Additionally I have held several positions during the semester including the office of Enrollment Services, Marist Poll, and laboratory Teaching Assistant. This upcoming fall I am looking forward to starting my hospital clinical rotations, where I will soon be working after finishing my last two years of college.
The world around us is filled with so many wonders, which is why I enjoy exploring as much as I can! Ever since I was younger I would always enjoy taking weekend hikes with my father to local state forests. I still try to do so now, whether it be on campus at Fern Tor or nearby Walkway over the Hudson to appreciate the beauty of the Hudson Valley around me. I've also recently discovered the art of photography, and use it as an outlet to captivate the simple wonders nature portrays for us, which you can view in my gallery.
Another one of my favorite things is to listen to music! From studying organic chemistry to long road-trips I'm sure to always have some of my favorite tunes in my ears to listen to. Though my playlist usually depends on the type of day, some of my favorites include: NF, blackbear, AJR, Bastille, Jon Bellion, The Score, Marshmello, Fall Out Boy, All Time Low, and Panic! at the Disco.


And so to make a long story short ,cody realized his place was with the merpeople,with everyone on the surface looking for him after his disappearance Cody went to the surface and told them everything about how he's a merman and that he has a new life to live,everyone was bummed over hardly being able to see their friend again but Cody promised them he would come to visit.
And so,Cody spent the rest of his life happily in his real home every once in a whle he would visit his friends on the surface but he was happy we're he was living under the sea,eventually he took his father's place as king of merdor,but what about our hero meeting a beautiful mermaid and falling in love?well guess it's up to you to make a sequel,but for now i guess it is
The end


W3C NOTE 28th January 1998
This document is a NOTE made available by the W3 Consortium for discussion only. This indicates no endorsement of its content, nor that the Consortium has, is, or will be allocating any resources to the issues addressed by the NOTE.
This note describes features needed for effective interaction with Web browsers that are based upon voice input and output. Some extensions are proposed to HTML 4.0 and CSS2 to support voice browsing, and some work is proposed in the area of speech recognition and synthesis to make voice browsers more effective.
The minimal change needed to CSS2 is to allow literal text for the cue-before and cue-after properties. For HTML 4.0, The accesskey attribute needs to be added to the SELECT, OPTGROUP and OPTION elements. This appears to be an oversight in the HTML 4.0 specification itself.
A couple of new events OnSelectionTimeout and OnSelectionError are proposed to improve the ergnomics of the user interface for voice browsers. A number of additional changes are needed for robust speech recognition and high quality speech synthesis.
This note describes features needed for voice browsers. These are browsers that exploit voice input and output, using speech synthesis and prerecorded sound for output (together with small displays when available), and a combination of keyboard and speech recognition for input.
The technology will make it practical to browse the Web from any telephone. W3C has a major role to play in facilitating the development of open standards for voice browsers, which are expected to become available during the next year or so.
Voice browsers use speech synthesis and prerecorded material to present the contents of Web pages. A variety of aural effects can be used to give different emphasis to headings, hypertext links, list items and so on.
Users interact with voice browsers by spoken command or by pressing a button on a keypad. Some commands interrupt the browser. For instance to request a list of hypertext links occurring in the current section of the document. Other commands are given when the browser prompts for input, for example, to select an option from a menu in a form.
To increase the robustness of speech recognition, voice browsers take advantage of contextual clues provided by the author. This allows the recognition engine to focus on likely utterances, improving the chances of a correct match. Work is needed to specify how such contextual clues are represented.
Speech synthesis is driven by dictionaries, falling back for unknown words on rules for regular pronunciation. High quality speech synthesis is possible if the author can extend the dictionary resident in the browser.
This should be practical without the author being a qualified phonetician with a deep understanding of terms such as Labiodental, and Alveolo-palatal fricatives. Work is needed to establish a simple means for authors to specify how particular words should be spoken.
Speech synthesis is not as good as having an actor read the text. Content providers will inevitably want to provide prerecorded content for some parts of Web pages.
Prerecorded content is analogous to the use of images in visual Web pages. The same need for textual fall-backs applies for printing, searching and access by users with disabilities.
Note that prerecorded content is likely to include music and different speakers (think about radio adverts). These effects can be reproduced to some extent via the aural style sheets features in CSS[CSS2].
Alternatives to using a mouse click:
For an application using a cellular phone, it would be cumbersome to have to take the handset away from your ear to press a button on the keypad. It therefore makes sense to support voice input for navigation as an alternative to keyboard input.
At its simplest the user could speak the word "follow" when she hears a hypertext link she wishes to follow. The user could also interrupt the browser to request a short list of the relevant links, e.g.
User: links? Browser: The links are: 1 company info 2 latest news 3 placing an order 4 search for product details Please say the number now User: 2 Browser: Retrieving latest news ...
A more sophistocated voice browser would allow the user to say a few words to indicate which link she is interested in. For example: I want to place an order. The browser could use simple template matching rules to select a matching link, akin to those used in the AI program "Eliza" which mimics a conversation with a therapist.
For this to work, the author is likely to need some control over the speech recognition parameters. This control includes pointers to vocabulary, template rules, definition of sensitivity and more.
Another command could be used to request a list of the document's headings. This would allow users to browse an outline form of the document as a means to get to the section that interests them.
Voice browsers will allow users to move between form fields and to enter and review field values, using either the keyboard or voice input.
Authors must be able to specify what spoken phrases should be used for the selection of links, radio buttons, check boxes, image buttons, submit buttons, and selection lists. (Key access is already provided by the accesskey attribute in HTML 4 [HTML4]).
In a voice based browser it is easy for the user to enter unexpected or ambiguous input, or just to pause, providing no input at all. Some examples:
Authors must have control over the browser response to selection errors and timeouts
Authors want control over how the document is rendered. Aural style sheets (part of CSS2 [ CSS2]) provide a basis for controlling a range of features, including:
When a hypertext link is spoken by a speech synthesiser, the author may wish to insert text before and after the link's caption, to guide the user's response.
For example:
Driving instruction
May be offered by the voice browser using the following words:
For driving instructions press 1
The example shows how the words "For" and "Press 1" were added to the text embedded in the anchor element.
On first glance it looks as if this 'wrapper' text should be left for the voice browser to generate, but on further examination you can easily find problems with this approach.
For example, how would you offer the following anchor element?
Leave us a message
In the English language you could say
To leave us a message, press 5
A safe assumption that other languages will have even more structures and words which apply to special cases.
The CSS2 draft specification includes the means to provide "generated text" before and after element content.
For example:
H1:before {content: "Chapter" decimal(chapno) display: block}
This relies on :before and :after psuedo elements to name the positions, and the content property to provide the text to be inserted. Unfortunately, this mechanism doesn't work with the HTML style attribute.
You are therefore forced into using the STYLE element in the document head:
   ... Driving instruction</Agt; ... Leave us a message
It would be much more convenient if you could specify the text to insert in a style attribute on the link itself. The cue-before and cue-after properties in CSS2 as part of the aural style sheet proposal seem ideal for this purpose:
Leave us a message
If you want to autonumber links include % in the cue text. The % is expanded to "1", "2" or "3", and so on, according to the order in which the link appears in the markup. The previous example could be re-written as:
Leave us a message
We need to get CSS2 revised to extend cue-before and cue-after to support literal text. They currently can only be used with URLs for auditory icons.
| Property name: | 'cue-after' |
|---|---|
| Value: | <url> | "quoted string" | none |
| Initial: | none |
| Applies to: | all elements |
| Inherited: | no |
| Percentage values: | N/A |
and
| Property name: | 'cue-after' |
|---|---|
| Value: | <url> | "quoted string" | none |
| Initial: | none |
| Applies to: | all elements |
| Inherited: | no |
| Percentage values: | N/A |
URLs are written in a functional notation url( url ). This avoids any ambiguity with quoted strings.
The HTML 4 accesskey attribute can in principle be used to identify which key to press for a given link, for instance:
Leave us a message
To ensure that the spoken cue matches the access key, the accesskey attribute supports the same autonumbering mechanism as cue-before and cue-after, for instance:
Leave us a message
The accesskey attribute needs to be added to the SELECT, OPTGROUP and OPTION elements. This appears to be an oversight in the HTML 4.0 specification itself.
What is missing is a media dependent way to bind keys to particular links or form fields etc. Whether or not this is an important omission needs to be resolved.
Text to speech dictionaries contain information on how each word is to be spoken by a speech synthesiser. This covers both phonemes and prosody (stress). The pronunciation may depend on the context in which a word occurs. As a result limited linguistic analysis may be needed to determine which pronunciation applies.
For instance, in the example below, the word "read" is pronounced as "red" in the first line and as "reed" in the second line:
Standard dictionaries for each language are likely to be incomplete, missing irregular words for personal names, place names, technical terms and abbreviations. For this reason, authors need a way to provide supplementary text to speech information and to indicate when it applies.
Specialized representations for phonemic and prosodic information can be off putting for non-specialist users. For this reason it is common to see simplified ways to write down pronunciation, for instance, the word "station" can be defined as:
station: stay-shun
This kind of approach is likely to encourage users to add pronunciation information, leading to an increase in the quality of spoken documents, as compared with more complex and harder to learn approaches.
A language independent representation must cope with the full range of sounds and stress patterns found in the world's languages. A promising starting point is the International Phonetic Alphabet [IPA]. For greater flexibility in representing prosodic information, it may be appropriate to define a markup notation, based upon XML [ XML].
There is a strong case for W3C to facilitate the development of a standard way to encode such information, bring together experts from industry and academia. This will maximise the chances of interoperability, and create a market for speech fonts and speech synthesis software based upon open standards.
One way to handle this is to use the OBJECT element to reference the voice file with the content of the OBJECT element providing the textual fall-back e.g.
<object data="advert.au" type="audio/basic"> Hey there buddy, have you heard of the fantastic offers on cruises in the Carribean this winter? Get 50% off now from Horizon vacations and leave the big freeze behind! </object>
The author might want to use an image for graphical browsers. This could be represented as an outer OBJECT element for the image, wrapping the audio object:
<object data="advert.jpeg" type="image/jpeg"> <object data="advert.au" type="audio/basic"> Hey there buddy, have you heard of the fantastic offers on cruises in the Carribean this winter? Get 50% off now from Horizon vacations and leave the big freeze behind! </object> </object>
The spoken word is generally as important as the written word. This justifies a simple mechanism for speech as opposed to a more general and inevitably more complex mechanism based upon metadata. With this in mind, a particularly simple approach is to add an attribute to HTML elements, that links to a voice file for use in place of the element's content. This attribute could be used on elements such as DIV, TABLE, and OBJECT. For instance:

 Heh there buddy, have you heard of the fantastic offers on cruises in the Carribean this winter? Get 50% off now from Horizon vacations and leave the big freeze behind!

Attibute name: grammar Value: CDATA Applies to: All elements
The "grammar" attribute allows the inclusion of a grammar block with an input tag. The grammar block allows a speech recognition engine to analyze different type of speech in a better way. At the present, the proposal does not include the format of the block. This will have to be done in coordination with the speech recognition industry.
An HTML page may include a check box. The title of the check box may be "Are you an American Citizen". A voice based user agent may ask the user, with the help of a text to speech engine, "Are you an American Citizen" The possible answers may be "Yes" or "No" but it could also be any other word used for negative or positive response in the caller's language. It could be "Ya," "you batch'ya," "sure," "of course" and many other expressions. It is necessary to feed the speech recognition engine with likely utterances representing the desired response.
When the page includes a sequence of hypertext links, a grammar attribute supplied with an enclosing element (e.g. P, UL, LI or DIV) can be used to provide recognition templates. This technique can also be used together with the SELECT element for menus, and for the FIELDSET element for groups of radio buttons and checkboxes etc.
A template is a string with tagged slots that either match any substring or which match a restricted set of substrings. The approach offers much greater flexibility than simple string matching.
An error response is an event generated by a element which solicits input by talking to the user and waiting for input. Two types of error response are proposed. An error for a situation where no selection is made or no input is entered, and an error for a case where a selection is made for something which is not offered.
The browser may generate an OnSelectionTimeout event when the user is asked to provide input of any kind, such as a selection from a list of anchors or an text input box and fails to do so within a browser dependent time-out (settable via scripts).
For example, the following block may be offered the user for navigation.

 Directions | List of things to do

The OnSelectionTimeout event is processed by the browser according to the browser own definition of timeout for input entry or selection of anchor tags. The OnSelectTimeout event applies to all block tags as well as form elements.
When the user selects an option not offered by the browser the user must be notified that an error occurred. The notification and the resulting action is to be performed by a script associated with OnSelectionError event.
Example:

 Directions | List of things to do

The format for the grammar block and for text to speech information needs to be defined in consulation with experts from the speech synthesis and recognition industry and centers of academic research in this area. Perhaps the best way to move forward is to discuss the issues presented in this Note in the W3C workshop on Mobile Devices scheduled for April in Tokyo.
The workshop could be followed by setting up one or more working groups. Another possibility would be to issue a briefing package and a call for participation in working groups prior to holding the workshop.
In the meantime, it may be practical for the proposals for inserted text, voicefiles and error responses to be reviewed in the existing W3C groups, in particular, the Web Accessibility Initiative, the CSS & FP working group and the HTML coordination group.
Copyright © 1997 W3C (MIT, INRIA, Keio ), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark, document use and software licensing rules apply. Your interactions with this site are in accordance with our public and Member privacy statements.


Stylized Gun Game Asset Tutorial | Part 1 - (Blender 2.8, Substance Painter)
by Arun BharathiArun Bharathi writes:
Since a lot of you requested for slower videos, here is a 3 part video series on how to make a Stylized Gun for Games. All videos are at 2x speed. This is part 1 of the video in which we will be modeling our low poly. I hope you like the video cuz I put a lot of work into this series. Like and subscribe if you thought this video was helpful.


Embedded Artistry Framework
Embedded Systems C++ Framework
src
processors
arm
nordic
drivers
drivers Directory Reference
Directory dependency graph for drivers:
Directories
directory
helpers
Files
file
nordic_nvic.hpp
file
nrf51_i2c_master.hpp
file
nrf52_i2c_master.hpp
file
nrf_gpio.hpp
Generated by
1.8.15


Rx Marble Design System
A library and framework agnostic design system to visualize functional
reactive programming with ReactiveExtensions
As this is work in progress and the migration will take some time
we refer to the current version in form of a PDF.


Create a HTML page like the image below (100% accuracy is not required). You don’t need to optimize the sliders for all browsers. Each group of elements, marked in red, must be a button that opens a link by choice. The red rectangle is not a part of the assignment.


Preparation time
1-2 hours
Cooking time
30 mins to 1 hour
Serves
Serves 2
This elegant dish for two has all the fresh tastes of spring and enough wow factor to impress any dinner date.
Preheat the oven to 180C/350F/Gas 4.
For the potato galettes, place the potato slices into a large bowl. Melt the butter in a small saucepan over a low heat and pour over the potato slices, mixing well to coat. Season, to taste, with salt and freshly ground black pepper.
Line a small baking tray with aluminium foil. Set aside 30 of the best-looking potato slices to add to the top layer of each galette. Arrange the remaining potato slices into two even discs, roughly 12cm/5in in diameter. Leave a space between the discs.
Arrange the reserved potato slices in concentric circles on top of each disc, overlapping them. Bake the potato galettes in the oven for 30-35 minutes, or until the potato slices are tender and beginning to brown. Set aside to cool, then cover with cling film and chill in the fridge until needed.
For the smoked salmon and dill tian, mix the crème fraîche, spring onion, capers, lemon juice and dill in a bowl until well combined. Season, to taste, with freshly ground black pepper.
Flake the hot-smoked salmon into pieces, discarding the skin. Fold the salmon into the crème fraîche mixture.
Grease two 9cm/4in chefs' rings with a little oil and place onto a baking tray lined with cling film. Spoon half of the salmon and dill mixture into each chefs' ring, smoothing and compressing the mixture with the back of a spoon. Cover the tray with another sheet of cling film and chill in the fridge for at least one hour, or overnight.
Fifteen minutes before serving, make the dill dressing. Whisk the egg yolk, vinegar, mustard, and sugar in a bowl until well combined. Season with a pinch of salt and a little freshly ground black pepper and whisk again.
Gradually add the oil to the dressing mixture in a thin stream, whisking constantly until the dressing has thickened slightly and has a creamy consistency.
Stir in the chopped dill and season with sea salt, to taste. Set aside until needed.
To cook the potato galettes, heat a large non-stick frying pan over a low heat. When the pan is hot, carefully transfer the potato galettes to the pan and fry for 4-5 minutes on each side, or until completely warmed through. (There is no need to add any extra fat to the pan but do keep an eye on them to make sure they don’t burn.)
Meanwhile, for the fennel and apple salad, drain the sliced fennel well and place into a large bowl with the apple slices, chopped parsley and lemon juice. Season, to taste, with salt and freshly ground black pepper and mix until well combined.
To serve, place one potato galette into the centre of each of two serving plates. Carefully remove the cling film cover and the chefs' rings from the salmon and dill tians and place one on top of each potato galette. Pile a little salad alongside each and spoon the dill and mustard dressing over the salad. Serve immediately.


Angular HTML5 Audio
A collection of services to make using the HTML5 Web Audio API easier.
{{ text }}


Coding - Guitar - Love
HEY Yo!! My name is Tan Tan. I'm a junior student at DUT (Danang University of Science and Technology as known as Bách Khoa Đà Nẵng). My major is Information and Technology (IT). I'm a Back-end web developer (Java). I also know HTML, CSS, Boostrap and a little Js. I would never stop studying to become a professional web developer.
I'm fond of writting code, playing game and learning new things. Experienced Project Manager with IT experience. Skills include computer networking, analytical thinking and creative problem solving. Able to apply customer service concepts to IT to improve user experience for clients, employees and administration..
CONTACT ME IN FACEBOOKI can say i’m quite good at
What I have done in my academic university
- Analysising Requirement specification analysis
- Researching MVC structure
- Main Coder
- Research Snort rule, types of attack
- Set up attack ddos by Kali Linux
- Design Database
- Design UI with Html, Css, Boostrap
- Main coder jsp, servlet
Wfhat I have done in my academic career
I tooke part in computer competitions since i was student in high school. The exam is usually doing and solving the algorithms. And I have coded by the lengend language programing --- PASCAL🤣🤣🤣
I participated in the summer loving campaign of the social work team. Helping people and children in remote areas.
A few years ago. I was a type of person who is super shy and unconfidence. I almost stay at home every single day... Eating, Sleeping, Playing game,... So i want to do something special, i want to step out of my safety circle. And that's why i decided that i would improve my Soft Skill. I apply for Presentation Course and attend to Final Show of Master Presentation. Finally I got 2nd Prize. Although the Prize is not so big. But I got confident in myself
showcase of my lastest works
Love me or Leave
Đời ta chưa say... nên còn ngây... còn ngơ ☺🎶 Văn nghệ xóm làng mua vui cùng đồng bọn🤣
Love me or Leave
“For true love to be there, you need to feel complete in yourself, not needing something🧡
Please feel free if you would like to have a chat.


As a member of Apple's CoreKernel Team I improved the zone allocator in XNU by adding Per-CPU caching to optimize allocations on multicore systems. We say macro-benchmark improvements from the caching system I implemented.
Analyzed customer identification data for a national retail chain using Scala for Apache Spark, re-structured graph in order to reduce size from 2TB to 11GB, community detection using Python, R, and Scala. Developed a RESTful API-driven application for an international tax and technology firm using Java, Spring, and Angular following Domain Driven Design principals
Learn MoreWorking on the Linux data team I made improvements to an existing testing application by multithreading it and adding features, wrote a python script to parse output of afore mentioned tesing application and graph critical output and place all data summary into a readable html report. Used both TCP and UDP sockets to create an FTP test interface. Wrote a test FTP client and debugged with another intern's test FTP server.
I lead tours of prospective students, families, and visiting groups for the UT Office of Undergraduate Admissions. I als answer phone and in person questions about the admissions process, and help facilitate large on-campus events as a representative of the university.
Learn MoreWe are the student hacker hub on UT's campus. Our largest event of the year is HackTX, a hackathon for over 700 students. I have served as Logistics Director 2016 and Innovation Director 2017. As Logistics Director I organized food, venue, A/V, wifi, volunteers and mroe to ensure that the event ran smoothly. As Innovation Director I am responsible for encouraging and inspiring hackers through cool tech showcases at our events and by recruiting and managing mentors.'
Learn MoreI lead UT's Student chapter of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. As Chair, I'm responsible for leading meetings, interfacing with the ECE department, and managing organizational operations. Previously served as Treasurer, Activies and Events Director, and an Assistan Officer.
Learn MoreA Texas Tradition since 1941, we are campus leaders in Spirit, Service, Friendship, and Love, hoping to embrace and embody the spirit of UT traditions and inspire others to do so as well by painting the windows on Guadalupe St., cheering on the longhorns at sporting events and hosting on campus campaigns, serving the greater Austin community through serving breakfast to the homeless community, numerous other service outlets and raising money for a local and regional philanthropy. As Royal Spirit Haunt I run weekly window painting ,face painting, and all of our social media platforms.
Learn MoreCamp counselor for incoming UT freshmen, working with a co-counselor as well as the entire counselor team to share UT traditions, give insight on college life, and facilitate group bonding, extensive leadership training workshops during the spring semester to help incoming Longorns feel at home on the Forty Acres and throughout the three day camp experience full of UT traditions and making friends.
Learn More


Introduction
Translate an application is a hard work, not only because you have to know what the software does and what the developer means with each wording, but also because normally there are not good tools to help enough.
'translation-tool.pl' is a simple but useful command-line tool to help translators of Jenkins and its plugins.
Please, take a look to Jenkins Internationalization page to understand and get a better explanation about Internationalization in Jenkins
Basis
- Jenkins uses three ways to internationalize elements:
- For texts used directly in .java classes, it uses 'Message.properties' files which contains a collection of 'key=value' lines in English. In this case you have to:
- Create the file Message_xx.properties copying the original file (xx means your language code)
- Edit it, and replace the values for the appropriate text in your language.
- Jenkins uses files with the '.jelly' extension for html template files. Once you have locate these files you have to:
- Identify all the keys being used in the nnnnn.jelly file
- Create the file nnnnn_xx.properties
- Add all the keys found to the new file and set the translated values.
- Finally there are a large amount of '.html' files used normally for help tips in the application. Find this files and:
- Copy the file with the name nnnnn_xx.html
- Edit and translate it
- Jenkins only supports files encoded with ISO-8859-1 or ASCII, so after modifying the files be sure to convert them to the correct charset.
- 'translation-tool.pl' has been coded in 'perl'.
- Perl is installed by default in any unix flavour (linux, freebsd, opensolaris, etc),
- In Windows you have to install it (from ActiveState or Cygwin) and call the script adding the interpreter to the command line.
How translation-tool.pl helps us to translate
- It recursively looks for translatable files in a folder, and analyzes them to extract the keys used in the application.
- By default (without parameters) the script writes a report to the screen with the keys which are missing, orphans, empty, or which have the same value than in English
- Adding the parameter '--add', the script generates the appropriate files and adds missing keys to them, or updates the files if they already exist. The script put the value of the keys in English as a reference.
- Adding the parameter '--editor=editor' the script will call the command 'editor' for each file which have untranslated keys.
- Passing the parameter '--remove' the script will remove orphan keys which are not in use.
- Finally the script is able to convert UTF-8 files to ISO-8859-1, or to ASCII with the java unicode representation '\uXXX' for non-ascii characteres.
Execution and Syntax
- The tool is placed in the folder 'main' of the Jenkins trunk. So to execute it you have either to put it in your 'PATH', or add the folder before the command.
- Execute the script without arguments to get the usage message:
~/home/workspace/jenkins$ main/translation-tool.pl --help Translation Tool for Jenknis Usage: main/translation-tool.pl --lang=xx [options] [dir] dir: -> source folder for searching files (default current) options: --lang=xx -> language code to use (it is mandatory and it has to be different to English) --toiso=true|false -> convert files in UTF-8 to ISO-8859 (default false) --toascii=true|false -> convert files in UTF-8 to ASCII using the native2ascii command (default false) --add=true|false -> generate new files and add new keys to existing files (default false) --remove=true|false -> remove unused key/value pair for existing files (default false) --editor=command -> command to run over each updated file, implies add=true (default none) --reuse=folder -> load a cache with keys already translated in the folder provided in order to utilize them when the same key appears Examples: - Look for Spanish files with incomplete keys in the 'main' folder, edit them with gedit, and finally convert them to ISO-8859 main/translation-tool.pl --lang=es --editor=gedit --toiso main - Convert all Japanese files in the current folder encoded with UTF-8 to ASCII main/translation-tool.pl --lang=ja --toascii . - Remove all orphand keys from German files which are in the current file main/translation-tool.pl --lang=de --remove .
- Show a report about the status of Spanish Jenkins internationalization.
~/home/workspace/jenkins$ main/translation-tool.pl --lang=es main File: ./maven-plugin/src/main/resources/jenkins/maven/Messages_es.properties Missing -> MavenModuleSetBuild.DiscoveredModule Empty -> MavenModuleSet.DiplayName Unused -> MavenModule.Name Same -> MavenModule.Pronoun TOTAL: Files: 527 Keys: 1502 Done: 1498(99.73%) Missing: 1(0.07%) Orphan: 1(0.07%) Empty: 1(0.07%) Same: 1(0.07%)
- And here is where the script comes really useful: I want to translate the plugin 'postbuildtask' to Spanish and the script does:
- Generate new files with all keys to translate.
- Translate automatically the keys which already exist in other files in the project.
- Edit each new file using gnome text editor (gedit), so that the user can translate the keys.
- Convert the files to ISO, after the user saves them.
~/home/workspace/jenkins/plugins/postbuild-task$ ../../main/translation-tool.pl --lang=es \ --reuse=../.. --add --remove --editor=gedit --toiso File: ./src/main/resources/jenkins/plugins/postbuildtask/PostbuildTask/config_es.properties Adding -> Tasks Adding -> Log\ text Adding -> Delete\ task Adding -> Script Adding -> Operation Converting file ./src/main/resources/jenkins/plugins/postbuildtask/PostbuildTask/config_es.properties to ISO-8859 TOTAL: Files: 2 Keys: 5 Done: 0(0.00%) Missing: 5(100.00%) Orphan: 0(0.00%) Empty: 0(0.00%) Same: 0(0.00%)
- You can use the script to edit missing keys in already translated files
~/home/workspace/jenkins/plugins/sonar$ ../../main/translation-tool.pl --lang=es \ --add --remove --editor=gedit --toiso File: ./src/main/resources/jenkins/plugins/sonar/Messages_es.properties Same -> SonarAction.Sonar File: ./src/main/resources/jenkins/plugins/sonar/SonarPublisher/config_es.properties Empty -> SonarInstallation.error TOTAL: Files: 6 Keys: 75 Done: 73(97.33%) Missing: 0(0.00%) Orphan: 0(0.00%) Empty: 1(1.33%) Same: 1(1.33%)


DBC Experience "week-1"
Aug 30th, 2014
I am just finishing "week-1" of the prep phase for DevBootcamp, and I watched a recorded Fireside chat with cofounder Shereef.
It was good to hear Shereef speak more in detail regarding various aspects of DBC as well as addressing several good questions coming from new participants.
The one aspect that I can say I appreciate the most of what Shereef demonstrated in this video is the attitude of openness, allow me to explain.
A few examples will clarify: At some point Shereef talked about the 2 most common fears that everyone experiences when starting a program like DBC. I think this is still relatively rare in most businesses and organizations and the more standard attitude is to make these topics a tabu or something secret that you only talk to your close friends.
Being able to talk in openness without making anything special is a great step towards creating an environment where everyone feels normal and well respected as they are, without needing to be contrived in any way.
Several great leaders in history have had the courage to share openly about the experience of being human, and it is very much needed in the world we live in today.
Another aspect that I appreciate from DevBootcamp is what Shereef described as Restaurant vs Kitchen attitude. To briefly clarify the Restaurant attitude is the attitude of a person that walks into a restaurant and expects to be served whereas the kitchen attitude is that of a person that walks into a kitchen to create and contribute.
I believe some aspects need to be clarified in respect to the above. It is good to see that every participant will contribute to DevBootcamp whether they want it or not. Showing up by being open to contribute and considerate about the environment is an important point for anyone working in teams.
My wish is to contribute towards a respectful, supportive, caring, and empowering environment that allows everyone to grow and contribute their skills to be of benefit to the world.


Tests that elements panel updates dom tree structure upon changing the attribute with namespace.
link


Overview of your mobile services. See consumption and invoice, buy data and add services.
Overview of your TV and broadband services.


Unlike many projects in industry and school, I was not approached with or given a specific problem situation to address. Instead, I happened upon this over Thanksgiving weekend of my junior year. I was staying at my grandparents' house with my extended family and every hour or so, my grandmother would misplace her cane and the grandchildren (myself included) went through the house to find it. My grandmother has Alzheimer's disease and suffers from declining mobility as well. I noticed this as a major problem in my grandmother's life and in my grandfather's life too.
I decided to pitch this idea to a maker club I had recently joined at school. A few people expressed interest in working on a project around this issue and we took it upon ourselves to build a prototype by the end of the semester outside of our regular courses.
Create a device to help my grandparents quickly locate my grandmother's cane
I led our team of five over the course of the semester -defining goals, deadlines, and learning alongside everyone. Some of us had experience in tools like CAD or Python, while others did not. One of my favorite things about this project is that we did not know much of the technology that we ended up using for the final product. We followed an iterative design process. Starting with whiteboarding and reviewing research, we moved to prototyping and honed our electronics and physical form over the course of the three months we had.
At the end of the semester, we had a working prototype that I brought to my grandparents after exams. They were delighted and my grandfather said it saved him a half an hour a day. We were elated that our efforts proved useful and that we improved their lives.
Our final product was not perfect by any stretch of the imagination. The top of the cane attachment was exposed (which ended up being helpful when I needed to solder some wires that came loose a few months later), the button was functional and filled with hot glue and foamcore, and the battery drained over the course of the day. But the system worked. If we had more time, I would have like to run some usability tests with people who actually use canes and were of an age that had hearing loss so that we could fine tune the device to the population we built it for. I would love to have polished the physical design more and optimized the software. But this project was not about being perfect. It was about learning and helping someone using our spare time between our busy schedules and we certainly accomplished that.


By downloading & installing this update it will remove bugs and make your phone more stable, this will also patch your phone with new security fixes to protect your device...
Go to Settings > System > About Phone, device system information will be located in this section.
PLEASE NOTE: The August patch is the final patch for devices on 6.0 Marshmellow... Please check about phone in settings.
*android 8.0 on pixel
During your first boot on your new phone you will be asked a certain number of things to do, work though these tasks and follw the instructions on screen.
In set up you'll have to...
*android 8.0 on pixel
To install apps from the Play Store.
*android 8.0 on pixel
To update apps from the Play Store.
*android 8.0 on pixel
Your notifacations will show a small icon at the top of your device to access these you should.
*android 8.0 on pixel
To use quick settings you need to.
*android 8.0 on pixel
On your device you can change the settings of your home screen and custommise it, to do this...


My name is Eric Ko and I am a student by day and an indie game developer by night. Currently, I am working towards a Bachelor's Degree in Computer Science from the University of California, Riverside while developing the mobile idle game Auto Knight.
Undergraduate Coursework: Data Structures and Algorithms; Software Construction; Software Engineering; Virtual Reality; System Administration; Machine Organization and Assembly Language; Linear Algebra; Database Management, Software Testing & Verification
Auto Knight is a medieval steampunk incremental role-playing game inspired by my favorite games. Manage your shop, traverse sinister dungeons, and explore the many skills. Fusing these mechanics with offline progression, the never-ending adventure of the Auto Knight awaits!
Play the prototype!A scheduling web application for time management, and coordinating meetings. You can create events, invite friends to your events, and join other events!
Try it out!
Test your skills against the Tank Boss! Beware for each victory against this AI only increases his strength.
Developed using the Brain Game Center state machine,
the AI has several states such as dodge, flee, patrol, scan and more!
WASD keys to move, SPACE to shoot
A procedurally generated dungeon using a custom implemenation of cellular automata.
Also created a custom 2D player controller with wall-sliding and wall-jumping.
Right click to generate new dungeon, Arrow keys to move, SHIFT to sprint, and Z to jump
Unconventional space is a VR puzzle game about manipulation of the user’s perception of space to simulate non euclidean geometry. By forcing the player into unusual circumstances, such as seemingly infinite or warped spaces, the game delivers a unique and interesting experiences. Techniques used to create these abnormal situations included color swapping environments and moving points of reference instead of the player to create a false sense of movement, teleporting to connect otherwise far away locations, and gravitational shifts to alter the player’s freedom of movement.
View ProjectMy implementation of Pac-Man, an arcade game published by Namco. It is developed according to my own design specification as well as the design details written by Jamey Pittman in his article, The Pac-Man Dossier. Developed my own game engine with custom ghost A.I.
View Project


Description
Credential stuffing is the automated injection of breached username/password pairs in order to fraudulently gain access to user accounts. This is a subset of the brute force attack category: large numbers of spilled credentials are automatically entered into websites until they are potentially matched to an existing account, which the attacker can then hijack for their own purposes.
Uniqueness
Credential stuffing is a new form of attack to accomplish account takeover through automated web injection. Credential stuffing is related to the breaching of databases; both accomplish account takeover. Credential stuffing is an emerging threat.
Credential stuffing is dangerous to both consumers and enterprises because of the ripple effects of these breaches. For more information on this please reference the Examples section showing the connected chain of events from one breach to another through credential stuffing.
Severity
Credential stuffing is one of the most common techniques used to take-over user accounts.
Anatomy of Attack
The attacker acquires spilled usernames and passwords from a website breach or password dump site.
The attacker uses an account checker to test the stolen credentials against many websites (for instance, social media sites or online marketplaces).
Successful logins (usually 0.1-0.2% of the total login attempts) allow the attacker to take over the account matching the stolen credentials.
The attacker drains stolen accounts of stored value, credit card numbers, and other personally identifiable information
The attacker may also use account information going forward for other nefarious purposes (for example, to send spam or create further transactions)


| 1 | /* | |
| 2 | * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more | |
| 3 | * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with | |
| 4 | * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. | |
| 5 | * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 | |
| 6 | * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with | |
| 7 | * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at | |
| 8 | * | |
| 9 | * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | |
| 10 | * | |
| 11 | * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software | |
| 12 | * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, | |
| 13 | * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. | |
| 14 | * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and | |
| 15 | * limitations under the License. | |
| 16 | */ | |
| 17 | package org.apache.commons.io.input; | |
| 18 | ||
| 19 | import java.io.IOException; | |
| 20 | import java.io.InputStream; | |
| 21 | import java.security.MessageDigest; | |
| 22 | import java.security.NoSuchAlgorithmException; | |
| 23 | ||
| 24 | ||
| 25 | /** | |
| 26 | * This class is an example for using an {@link ObservableInputStream}. It | |
| 27 | * creates its own {@link org.apache.commons.io.input.ObservableInputStream.Observer}, | |
| 28 | * which calculates a checksum using a MessageDigest, for example an MD5 sum. | |
| 29 | * Note: Neither {@link ObservableInputStream}, nor {@link MessageDigest}, | |
| 30 | * are thread safe. So is {@link MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream}. | |
| 31 | */ | |
| 32 | public class MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream extends ObservableInputStream { | |
| 33 | ||
| 34 | /** | |
| 35 | * Maintains the message digest. | |
| 36 | */ | |
| 37 | public static class MessageDigestMaintainingObserver extends Observer { | |
| 38 | private final MessageDigest md; | |
| 39 | ||
| 40 | /** | |
| 41 | * Creates an MessageDigestMaintainingObserver for the given MessageDigest. | |
| 42 | * @param pMd the message digest to use | |
| 43 | */ | |
| 44 | public MessageDigestMaintainingObserver(final MessageDigest pMd) { | |
| 45 | md = pMd; | |
| 46 | } | |
| 47 | ||
| 48 | @Override | |
| 49 | void data(final int pByte) throws IOException { | |
| 50 | md.update((byte) pByte); | |
| 51 | } | |
| 52 | ||
| 53 | @Override | |
| 54 | void data(final byte[] pBuffer, final int pOffset, final int pLength) throws IOException { | |
| 55 | md.update(pBuffer, pOffset, pLength); | |
| 56 | } | |
| 57 | } | |
| 58 | ||
| 59 | private final MessageDigest messageDigest; | |
| 60 | ||
| 61 | /** Creates a new instance, which calculates a signature on the given stream, | |
| 62 | * using the given {@link MessageDigest}. | |
| 63 | * @param pStream the stream to calculate the message digest for | |
| 64 | * @param pDigest the message digest to use | |
| 65 | */ | |
| 66 | public MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream(final InputStream pStream, final MessageDigest pDigest) { | |
| 67 | super(pStream); | |
| 68 |
1
1. |
messageDigest = pDigest; |
| 69 |
2
1. 2. |
add(new MessageDigestMaintainingObserver(pDigest)); |
| 70 | } | |
| 71 | ||
| 72 | /** Creates a new instance, which calculates a signature on the given stream, | |
| 73 | * using a {@link MessageDigest} with the given algorithm. | |
| 74 | * @param pStream the stream to calculate the message digest for | |
| 75 | * @param pAlgorithm the name of the algorithm to use | |
| 76 | * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if no Provider supports a MessageDigestSpi implementation for the specified algorithm. | |
| 77 | */ | |
| 78 | public MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream(final InputStream pStream, final String pAlgorithm) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { | |
| 79 |
1
1. |
this(pStream, MessageDigest.getInstance(pAlgorithm)); |
| 80 | } | |
| 81 | ||
| 82 | /** Creates a new instance, which calculates a signature on the given stream, | |
| 83 | * using a {@link MessageDigest} with the "MD5" algorithm. | |
| 84 | * @param pStream the stream to calculate the message digest for | |
| 85 | * @throws NoSuchAlgorithmException if no Provider supports a MessageDigestSpi implementation for the specified algorithm. | |
| 86 | */ | |
| 87 | public MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream(final InputStream pStream) throws NoSuchAlgorithmException { | |
| 88 |
1
1. |
this(pStream, MessageDigest.getInstance("MD5")); |
| 89 | } | |
| 90 | ||
| 91 | /** Returns the {@link MessageDigest}, which is being used for generating the | |
| 92 | * checksum. | |
| 93 | * Note: The checksum will only reflect the data, which has been read so far. | |
| 94 | * This is probably not, what you expect. Make sure, that the complete data has been | |
| 95 | * read, if that is what you want. The easiest way to do so is by invoking | |
| 96 | * {@link #consume()}. | |
| 97 | * @return the message digest used | |
| 98 | */ | |
| 99 | public MessageDigest getMessageDigest() { | |
| 100 |
2
1. getMessageDigest : replaced return value with null for org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream::getMessageDigest → KILLED 2. getMessageDigest : mutated return of Object value for org/apache/commons/io/input/MessageDigestCalculatingInputStream::getMessageDigest to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) → KILLED |
return messageDigest; |
| 101 | } | |
| 102 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 68 |
1.1 |
|
| 69 |
1.1 2.2 |
|
| 79 |
1.1 |
|
| 88 |
1.1 |
|
| 100 |
1.1 2.2 |


ECONOMIC RECOVERY COMMITTEE, FEDERAL SECRETARIAT, LAGOS-NIGERIA. Dear Sir, BUSINESS PROPOSAL: TRANSFER OF US$19.2 M (NINETEEN MILLION, TWO HUNDRED THOUSAND UNITED STATES DOLLARS) & BUSINESS INVESTMENTS PARTNERSHIP. First, I must solicit your strictest confidence in this transaction, this is by virtue of it's nature as being utterly confidential and top secret as you were introduced to us in confidence through the Nigerian Chamber of Commerce, foreign trade division. and if the contents of this mail does meet with your approval, i humbly crave your indulgence. I am the chairman of the Economic Recovery Committe (ERC) set up by the present civilian Government of Nigeria to review economic policies of government parastatals, and find out ways to reduce waste and maximise revenues allocated to them. In the course of our work at the ERC, we discovered this fund which resulted from gross re-valuation of contracts by top government officials of the federal ministry of Aviation (FMA). The company that executed the contracts have been duly paid and the contracts commissioned leaving the sum of US$19.2 Million lying unclaimed in the escrow account of the Central Bank of Nigeria. Upon interogation of the directors of engineering and finance, who both happens to be my contemporaries in the university, they confessed to me in confidence that they had an agreement with the original contractor to re-value the original contract by 30%. This 30% which amounts to USD19.2m was to be their share from the contract, since the original contractor was well disposed towards giving them the conventional 10% kickback. When I now asked them what they intended to do now that my committee has discovered this USD19.2M. They begged me not to disclose this information to the government as they will likely lose their jobs and their family names destroyed. I was at at a crossroad, as I did not want my friends to suffer for what other top government officials do and get away with. I discussed with the other two members of my committee and we all unanimously agreed to transfer this fund out and share amongst ourselves. I have therefore been mandated as a matter of trust by my colleagues in the committee to look for an overseas partner to whom we could transfer the sum of US$19.2M legally sub-contracting the entitlement to you/your company. This is bearing in mind that our civil service code of conduct forbids us from owning foreign company or running foreign account while in government service hence the need for a foreign partner.  All logistics are in place and all modalities worked out for the smooth conclusion of the transaction within ten to fourteen days of commencement after receipt of the following information: Your full name/ company name, address, company's details & activities, telephone & fax numbers. These information will enable us make the applications and lodge claims to the concerned ministries & agencies in favour of your company and it is pertinent to state here that this transaction is entirely based on trust as the solar bank draft or certified cheque drawable in any of the Central Bank of Nigeria correspondent bankers in America, Asia and Europe is going to be made out in your name. Please acknowledge the receipt of this letter using my personal E-mail address. Yours Faithfully Abayomi Davies.


Hooters Girls applications are on the rise
by Michael HollanPeople must really like serving chicken wings.
Applications to be Hooters Girls are reportedly on the rise at the restaurant’s New York City location. According to women who work there, it’s actually an incredibly positive work environment.
“It’s a controlled environment here,” Victoria Cummings, 24, told The New York Post. “Unlike the streets and subways.”
Andrea Hill, the managing director of a midtown Hooters, also spoke with the outlet. While she acknowledged the stigma surrounding the chain, women who work at the restaurant are likely to form “lifelong friendships.” On top of that, Hill owes her career to working at the restaurant.
“I went from serving wings to having a seat in the boardroom,” she told The New York Post. “Sometimes when I meet people, I can see the look on their faces when I say I work at Hooters, but then I change their minds real fast.”
WAFFLE HOUSE CUSTOMERS HELP OUT AFTER STAFFING MIX-UP
The restaurant, which hasn’t changed its iconic uniform since the ‘80s, has struggled in the modern world. Despite efforts to attract millennials, “the number of Hooters locations in the US has dropped by more than 7 percent from 2012 to 2016,” Business Insider reported in 2017.
Despite those issues, it appears that Hooters won’t have any problems bringing on new recruits.
CLICK HERE TO GET THE FOX NEWS APP
In early August, the restaurant chain announced its very own line of premium “Hooters Spirits,” to be available at restaurants and select “leading retailers” come autumn.
“Hooters Spirits will deliver on the same high-quality experience that Hooters guests have enjoyed for decades at our iconic restaurants,” reads a press release, which adds that Hooters Spirits are “perfect for every celebratory moment.”
CLICK HERE TO SIGN UP FOR OUR LIFESTYLE NEWSLETTER
The line includes eight different spirits, including a corn-based Hooters Vodka; Hooters Gin; a Hooters Light Rum and a Hooters Dark Rum; Hooters Tequila in both Silver and Gold varieties; a two-year-aged Hooters American Whiskey; and a Hooters Heat Cinnamon Whiskey.
Fox News' Michael Bartiromo contributed to this report.


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| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object com.threed.jpct.util.LensFlare
A simple lens flare effect. You need four different textures for this, one burst and three halos. How to create/get these textures is up to you. jPCT doesn't come with any.
| Constructor Summary | |
LensFlare(SimpleVector lightPos,
java.lang.String burst,
java.lang.String halo1,
java.lang.String halo2,
java.lang.String halo3)
Create a new lens flare for a light source. |
| Method Summary | |
void |
render(FrameBuffer buffer)
Renders the effect. |
void |
setDirection(boolean lightToCam)
If hiding is enabled, the visibility calculations can be done camera->light (default) or light->camera. |
void |
setGlobalScale(float scale)
Sets the global scale of the effect. |
void |
setHiding(boolean hides)
If true (default), all geometry that is a potential collider hides the effect if it's located in a direct line between the camera and the light source. |
void |
setLightPosition(SimpleVector lightPos)
Sets a new light position. |
void |
setMaximumDistance(float distance)
If hiding is enabled, this value specifies how far away from the camera a polygon can maximally be to be considered as a blocker. |
void |
setTransparency(int trans)
Sets the transparency of the effect. |
void |
update(FrameBuffer buffer,
World world)
Updates the lens flare. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
equals, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Constructor Detail |
public LensFlare(SimpleVector lightPos, java.lang.String burst, java.lang.String halo1, java.lang.String halo2, java.lang.String halo3)
lightPos
- the position of the light sourceburst
- the name of the burst texture as added to the TextureManagerhalo1
- the name of the first halo texture as added to the TextureManagerhalo2
- the name of the second halo as added to the TextureManagerhalo3
- the name of the third halo texture added to the TextureManager| Method Detail |
public void setTransparency(int trans)
trans
- the transparency. 0 is lowest,public void setLightPosition(SimpleVector lightPos)
lightPos
- the new positionpublic void setGlobalScale(float scale)
scale
- the scalepublic void setHiding(boolean hides)
hides
- should geometry hide it or not?public void setMaximumDistance(float distance)
distance
- the distancepublic void setDirection(boolean lightToCam)
lightToCam
- do it light->camera or vice versapublic void update(FrameBuffer buffer, World world)
buffer
- the frame bufferworld
- the worldpublic void render(FrameBuffer buffer)
buffer
- the frame buffer
|
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| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


What's in My Schoolbag? Is a book I made out of 191 textbooks
only in Jiangsu
Province
I used between 2001 and 2013, including 6-years primary school, 3-years middle school and 3-years high school. ●
Textbooks may be the most irksome book for Chinese students. Being the only books that are allowed to read in class, they’re boring and badly designed, full of texts to recite and problems to solve but nothing fun to interest us. Then we started to put anther book inside a larger textbook, pretending that we’re still reading the textbook. ●
My mother wrapped all my textbooks using different wripping papers
It's called
Bao Shu Zhi
with beautiful patterns printed on them. Lots of my classmates did this too. We all did this because they’re too ugly to look at while our parents thought this can protect our books. ●
But the book wasn’t protected, and we never thought about cherishing them, I believe. We used to buy dozens of textbooks and even more exercise books each year. Part of them we never even used while some others were teared apart, covered by drawings, pages missing or broken… ●
I’m glad that I kept these old textbooks, and it was a fun process to make this book, looking back on what I went through at the innocent age and how my generation was educated. I was impressed by those beautiful drawings and the fine details of the illustrations in science book
Middle school
Biology book
, but also surprised by the amount of ridiculous contents
Primary school
Science book
in the textbook. Sometimes I start to recall the memories at that time when looking at a page. And I love it when people feel the same way while looking at my book.


[self.weights[i].W()],
beta)
hid = self.layers[i+1].sample_state()
self.layers[i].update(
[self.layers[i+1].rescale(hid)],
[self.weights[i].W_T()],
new state
return self._alternating_update("sample_state", state, beta, skip_layers)
def markov_chain(self, n, state, beta=None, skip_layers=[]):
Perform multiple Gibbs sampling steps in alternating layers.


Define update methods that use direct paths
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the “License”); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an “AS IS” BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
extend Rubinius’s version adding aliases and numeric logic
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the “License”); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an “AS IS” BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
Define update methods that delegate to @ref field
# File lib/atomic/numeric_cas_wrapper.rb, line 15 def compare_and_set(expected, new) if expected.kind_of? Numeric while true old = get return false unless old.kind_of? Numeric return false unless old == expected result = _compare_and_set(old, new) return result if result end else _compare_and_set(expected, new) end end
# File lib/atomic/direct_update.rb, line 25 def try_update old_value = get new_value = yield old_value unless compare_and_set(old_value, new_value) if $VERBOSE raise ConcurrentUpdateError, "Update failed" else raise ConcurrentUpdateError, "Update failed", ConcurrentUpdateError::CONC_UP_ERR_BACKTRACE end end new_value end
Pass the current value to the given block, replacing it with the block’s result. May retry if the value changes during the block’s execution.
# File lib/atomic/direct_update.rb, line 20 def update true until compare_and_set(old_value = get, new_value = yield(old_value)) new_value end


Patrick Mahomes fires up Chiefs with passionate speech before game (Video)
by TSD StaffChiefs quarterback Patrick Mahomes has arguably the strongest arm of any signal-caller in the NFL, and he’s also become one of the most vocal leaders.
Even at just 24 years of age, Mahomes has blossomed into a leader that his teammates rally behind. He showed that before Monday’s game against the Chargers in Mexico City.
The game was played in a different country than the team is usually used to suiting up in, in Mexico, so the Chiefs needed some extra motivation. Mahomes delivered it just before kickoff with this epic speech.
We’re ready to play for Mahomes.


Welcome to N.A.S.A. explorer!
Here is some cool stuff NASA has made available to the public over the years.
APOD
EPIC
Notifications
TBF
TBF
TBF


Storing Your Gateway Config in a Database
Mar 9, 2016 Eric Wittmann apiman, 1.2.x, gateway, jdbc, and registryOne of the strongest features of apiman, in general, is its excellent extensibility. Not only is it easy to add new policies, for example, but many of its core components are also pluggable. This includes, for example, the registry used by the API Gateway to store configuration information published to it by the manager. This blog post will detail a new JDBC based implementation of that registry, explaining how you can store that information in a Database instead of in Elasticsearch (the default setting).
Why Use a Database Instead of Elastic?
You may or may not be wondering why this is important. Some users may not be comfortable storing persistent data in Elasticsearch. Or perhaps a user doesn’t want to create a production deployment of Elasticsearch at all and would prefer alternatives for each of the various Gateway components that currently uses it. For these reasons (or others), we now (as of version 1.2.2.Final) have a JDBC implementation of the API Gateway registry!
Read on to learn how to use it!
Setting Up the Database
First it’s important to note that the Gateway registry JDBC implementation does not leverage JPA. Instead we use JDBC directly (with a little help from Apache’s dbutils library) to store the data in the database and query it again. For this reason, you will absolutely need to create your database and then configure it using one of the provided DDLs.
You can find the DDLs included in the apiman distribution in the following directory:
We include DDLs for the following databases:
- MySQL
- PostgreSQL
- Oracle
- H2
Simply create a new database using tools that are appropriate to the type you are using (e.g. you can use the MySQL Workbench). Then execute the DDL appropriate to your database type, so that all the correct tables and indexes are created.
Configuring Apiman to Use It
Once the database is created, you will need to make some configuration changes in apiman so that the Gateway will connect to the database and store information there instead of Elasticsearch. There are two files that need to be created/modified to make this happen.
Creating a Datasource
First, you will need to create a Datasource using whatever is appropriate for the platform you are running apiman on. This will differ, for example, if you are running apiman on Tomcat rather than Wildfly or EAP. Here are some documentation resources that may be helpful when creating a Datasource for your preferred runtime platform:
Make sure you download and install the JDBC driver for your database, and also make sure that you know the JNDI location of the datasource you wish to use.
Tweaking apiman.properties
Finally, you have everything you need to now configure apiman to use the database. You simply need to change some properties in apiman.properties and you’ll be good to go!
Specifically, you need to change the configuration of the Gateway Registry. The default settings in 1.2.2.Final for the Gateway Registry look like this:
All of these properties can be replaced with the following settings:
Please note that the apiman-gateway.registry.datasource.jndi-location should be set to whatever value makes sense based on the deployment/configuration of your actual datasource.
Conclusion
Once you have configured the API Gateway to use a database to store your configuration info, apiman will no longer store this type of data in Elasticsearch. This is perhaps one step closer to a world where you do not need to maintain/manager a production Elasticsearch instance.
In future posts I will show you how you can swap out other Elasticsearch components for alternatives (e.g. Rate Limiting, Caching, etc).
/post


Color handling functions.
| Class |
|
Advanced gradient that consists of more than two base colors. |
| Class |
|
A palette suitable for coloring vertices when plotting a clustering. |
| Class |
|
Base class for gradient palettes |
| Class |
|
Base class of color palettes. |
| Class |
|
A palette that returns colors from a pre-calculated list of colors |
| Class |
|
A palette that varies the hue of the colors along a scale. |
| Function | clamp |
Clamps the given value between min and max |
| Function | color |
Converts a color given in one of the supported color formats to R-G-B values. |
| Function | color |
Converts a color given in one of the supported color formats to R-G-B-A values. |
| Function | color |
Formats a color given as a 3-tuple or 4-tuple in HTML format. |
| Function | darken |
Creates a darker version of a color given by an RGB triplet. |
| Function | hsl |
Converts a color given by its HSL coordinates (hue, saturation, lightness) to RGB coordinates. |
| Function | hsla |
Converts a color given by its HSLA coordinates (hue, saturation, lightness, alpha) to RGBA coordinates. |
| Function | hsv |
Converts a color given by its HSV coordinates (hue, saturation, value) to RGB coordinates. |
| Function | hsva |
Converts a color given by its HSVA coordinates (hue, saturation, value, alpha) to RGB coordinates. |
| Function | lighten |
Creates a lighter version of a color given by an RGB triplet. |
| Function | rgb |
Converts a color given by its RGB coordinates to HSL coordinates (hue, saturation, lightness). |
| Function | rgb |
Converts a color given by its RGB coordinates to HSV coordinates (hue, saturation, value). |
| Function | rgba |
Converts a color given by its RGBA coordinates to HSLA coordinates (hue, saturation, lightness, alpha). |
| Function | rgba |
Converts a color given by its RGBA coordinates to HSVA coordinates (hue, saturation, value, alpha). |
| Variable | known |
Undocumented |
| Variable | palettes |
Undocumented |
Converts a color given in one of the supported color formats to R-G-B values.
This is done by calling color_name_to_rgba
and then throwing away the alpha value.
| See Also | |
| color_name_to_rgba for more details about what formats are understood by this function. |
Converts a color given in one of the supported color formats to R-G-B-A values.
Examples:
>>> color_name_to_rgba("red") (1.0, 0.0, 0.0, 1.0) >>> color_name_to_rgba("#ff8000") == (1.0, 128/255.0, 0.0, 1.0) True >>> color_name_to_rgba("#ff800080") == (1.0, 128/255.0, 0.0, 128/255.0) True >>> color_name_to_rgba("#08f") == (0.0, 136/255.0, 1.0, 1.0) True >>> color_name_to_rgba("rgb(100%, 50%, 0%)") (1.0, 0.5, 0.0, 1.0) >>> color_name_to_rgba("rgba(100%, 50%, 0%, 25%)") (1.0, 0.5, 0.0, 0.25) >>> color_name_to_rgba("hsla(120, 100%, 50%, 0.5)") (0.0, 1.0, 0.0, 0.5) >>> color_name_to_rgba("hsl(60, 100%, 50%)") (1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0) >>> color_name_to_rgba("hsv(60, 100%, 100%)") (1.0, 1.0, 0.0, 1.0)
| Parameters | |
| color | the color to be converted in one of the following formats:
|
| palette | the palette to be used if a single number is passed to the method. Must be an instance of colors.Palette . |
| Returns | |
| the RGBA values corresponding to the given color in a 4-tuple. Since these colors are primarily used by Cairo routines, the tuples contain floats in the range 0.0-1.0 |
Formats a color given as a 3-tuple or 4-tuple in HTML format.
The HTML format is simply given by #rrggbbaa, where rr gives the red component in hexadecimal format, gg gives the green component bb gives the blue component and gg gives the alpha level. The alpha level is optional.
Creates a darker version of a color given by an RGB triplet.
This is done by mixing the original color with black using the given ratio. A ratio of 1.0 will yield a completely black color, a ratio of 0.0 will yield the original color. The alpha values are left intact.
Converts a color given by its HSL coordinates (hue, saturation, lightness) to RGB coordinates.
Each of the HSL coordinates must be in the range [0, 1].
Converts a color given by its HSLA coordinates (hue, saturation, lightness, alpha) to RGBA coordinates.
Each of the HSLA coordinates must be in the range [0, 1].
Converts a color given by its HSV coordinates (hue, saturation, value) to RGB coordinates.
Each of the HSV coordinates must be in the range [0, 1].
Converts a color given by its HSVA coordinates (hue, saturation, value, alpha) to RGB coordinates.
Each of the HSVA coordinates must be in the range [0, 1].
Creates a lighter version of a color given by an RGB triplet.
This is done by mixing the original color with white using the given ratio. A ratio of 1.0 will yield a completely white color, a ratio of 0.0 will yield the original color.
Converts a color given by its RGB coordinates to HSL coordinates (hue, saturation, lightness).
Each of the RGB coordinates must be in the range [0, 1].
Converts a color given by its RGB coordinates to HSV coordinates (hue, saturation, value).
Each of the RGB coordinates must be in the range [0, 1].
Converts a color given by its RGBA coordinates to HSLA coordinates (hue, saturation, lightness, alpha).
Each of the RGBA coordinates must be in the range [0, 1].


| This library | -webkit-text-security |
<input type="password">(for comparison) |
|
|---|---|---|---|
<input type="text">with normal password style |
|||
<input type="tel">with circles |
|||
<p>with squares |
I sure hope this works |
so that they will never |


AudioBasics¶
# Audio Basics
What Does the Unit kHz Mean in Digital Music?
kHz is short for kilohertz, and is a measurement of frequency (cycles per second). In digital audio, this measurement describes the number of data chunks used per second to represent an analog sound in digital form. These data chunks are known as the sampling rate or sampling frequency.
This definition is often confused with another popular term in digital audio, called bitrate (measured in kbps). However, the difference between these two terms is that bitrate measures how much is sampled every second (size of the chunks) rather than the number of chunks (frequency).
Note: kHz is sometimes referred to as sampling rate, sampling interval, or cycles per second.
What is the Mel scale?
The Mel scale relates perceived frequency, or pitch, of a pure tone to its actual measured frequency. Humans are much better at discerning small changes in pitch at low frequencies than they are at high frequencies. Incorporating this scale makes our features match more closely what humans hear.
Audio Features
- We start with a speech signal, we’ll assume sampled at 16kHz.
- Frame the signal into 20-40 ms frames. 25ms is standard.
- This means the frame length for a 16kHz signal is 0.025*16000 = 400 samples.
- Frame step is usually something like 10ms (160 samples), which allows some overlap to the frames.
- The first 400 sample frame starts at sample 0, the next 400 sample frame starts at sample 160 etc. until the end of the speech file is reached.
- If the speech file does not divide into an even number of frames, pad it with zeros so that it does.
- Audio Signal File : 0 to N seconds
- Audio Frame : Interval of 20 - 40 ms —> default 25 ms —> 0.025 * 16000 = 400 samples
- Frame step : Default 10 ms —> 0.010 * 16000 —> 160 samples
- First sample: 0 to 400 samples
- Second sample: 160 to 560 samples etc.,
``` 25ms 25ms 25ms 25ms … Frames 400 400 400 400 … Samples/Frame
|—————|—————|—————|—————|—————|—————|—————|————-|
|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|—|
Bit-depth = 16: The amplitude of each sample in the audio is one of 2^16 (=65536) possible values. Samplig rate = 44.1 kHz: Each second in the audio consists of 44100 samples. So, if the duration of the audio file is 3.2 seconds, the audio will consist of 44100*3.2 = 141120 values.
Still dont get it? Consider the audio signal to be a time series sampled at an interval of 25ms with step size of 10ms
Check out this jupyet notebook @ https://timsainb.github.io/spectrograms-mfccs-and-inversion-in-python.html
Forked version @ https://github.com/dhiraa/python_spectrograms_and_inversion
[Mel Frequency Cepstral Coefficient (MFCC) tutorial](http://practicalcryptography.com/miscellaneous/machine-learning/guide-mel-frequency-cepstral-coefficients-mfccs/)
### Reading Audio Files
The audios are [Pulse-code modulated](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_bit_depth) with a [bit depth](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Audio_bit_depth) of 16 and a [sampling rate](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sampling_%28signal_processing%29) of 44.1 kHz
![16-bit PCM](https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Pcm.svg/500px-Pcm.svg.png)
- Bit-depth = 16: The amplitude of each sample in the audio is one of 2^16 (=65536) possible values.
- Samplig rate = 44.1 kHz: Each second in the audio consists of 44100 samples. So, if the duration of the audio file is 3.2 seconds, the audio will consist of 44100*3.2 = 141120 values.
## Audio Features - Zero Cross Rate - Energy - Entropy of Energy - Spectral Centroid - Spectral Spread - Spectral Entropy - Spectral Flux - Spectral Roll off - MFCC - Chroma Vector - Chroma Deviation
## Introduction to MFCC
Before the Deep Learning era, people developed techniques to extract features from audio signals. It turns out that these techniques are still useful. One such technique is computing the MFCC (Mel Frquency Cepstral Coefficients) from the raw audio. Before we jump to MFCC, let’s talk about extracting features from the sound.
If we just want to classify some sound, we should build features that are speaker independent. Any feature that only gives information about the speaker (like the pitch of their voice) will not be helpful for classification. In other words, we should extract features that depend on the “content” of the audio rather than the nature of the speaker. Also, a good feature extraction technique should mimic the human speech perception. We don’t hear loudness on a linear scale. If we want to double the perceived loudness of a sound, we have to put 8 times as much energy into it. Instead of a linear scale, our perception system uses a log scale.
Taking these things into account, Davis and Mermelstein came up with MFCC in the 1980’s. MFCC mimics the logarithmic perception of loudness and pitch of human auditory system and tries to eliminate speaker dependent characteristics by excluding the fundamental frequency and their harmonics. The underlying mathematics is quite complicated and we will skip that. For those interested, here is the [detailed explanation](http://practicalcryptography.com/miscellaneous/machine-learning/guide-mel-frequency-cepstral-coefficients-mfccs/).
![](https://openi.nlm.nih.gov/imgs/512/219/3859042/PMC3859042_sensors-13-12929f1.png)
## FFT/STFT Cheat Sheet: - FFT: Fast Fourier transform A method for computing the discrete Fourier transform of a signal. Its “fastness” relies on size being a power of 2. - STFT: Short-time Fourier transform A method for analyzing a signal whose frequency content is changing over time. The signal is broken into small, often overlapping frames, and the FFT is computed for each frame (i.e., the frequency content is assumed not to change within a frame, but subsequent analysis frames can be compared to understand how the frequency content changes over time). - IFFT: Inverse Fast Fourier transform Takes a spectrum buffer (a complex vector) of N bins and transforms it into N audio samples. - FFT size: The number of samples over which the FFT is computed; also the number of “bins” that comprise the analysis output. - Bin: The content of a bin denotes the magnitude (and phase) of the frequency corresponding to the bin number. The N bins of an N-sample FFT evenly (linearly) partition the spectrum from 0Hz to the sample rate. Note that for real signals (including audio), we can discard the latter half of the bins, using only the bins from 0Hz to the Nyquist frequency. - Window function: Before computing the FFT, the signal is multiplied by a window function. The simplest window is a rectangular window, which multiplies everything inside the frame by 1 and everything outside the frame by 0. However, in practice, we choose a smoother window function that is 1 in the middle of the window and tapers to 0 or near-0 at the edges. The choice of window depends on the application. - Zero-padding: It is common practice to use a smaller window size than FFT size, then “zeropad” all the samples that lie in between the edges of the window and the edges of the FFT frame. - Hop size: In STFT, you must decide how frequently to perform FFT computations on the signal. If your FFT size is 512 samples, and you have a hop size of 512 samples, you are sliding the analysis frame along the signal with no overlap, nor any space between analyses. If your hop size is 256 samples, you are using 50% overlap. The hop size can be small (high overlap) if you want to very faithfully recreate the sound using an IFFT, or very large if you’re only concerned about the spectrum’s or spectral features’ values every now and then.
## Videos - https://youtu.be/1RIA9U5oXro - https://youtu.be/PjlIKVnKe8I


Soviet ambassador Yuri Dubinin meets Donald Trump at a New York lunch. Trump would later recall how the conversation ended with him planning to build a luxury hotel across the street from the Kremlin. Trump then flew to Moscow at Dubinin’s invitation to discuss the hotel project with the Soviet tourism agency.
Source: Financial Times


Add new song:
Title
Length
Track number
Album:
Artist:
Number of Songs:
length:
Song title:
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This is the readme for the model associated with the paper Bellinger SC, Miyazawa G, Steinmetz PN (2008) Submyelin potassium accumulation may functionally block subsets of local axons during deep brain stimulation: a modeling study. J Neural Eng 5:263-74 These model files were implemented by Bellinger and contributed to ModelDB by Steinmetz. Usage: Simply auto-launch from ModelDB or download and extract the archive then under: mswin ----- Compile the mod files with mknrndll. Double click the mosinit.hoc file Linux ----- Compile the mod files with nrnivmodl. Start by typing "nrngui mosinit.hoc" MAC OS X -------- Drag and drop the newly expanded folder onto the mknrndll icon. Drag and drop the mosinit.hoc file within this folder onto the nrngui icon. Once the simulation is started ------------------------------ Select either the long run (1 3/4 hours on a 2.8GHz Pentium 4) or the short run by pressing the appropriate button. The long run should reproduce fig2b:


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load i18n %}{% load bootstrap %} {% block content %}
{% trans "New nameserver shared secret generated for you. Everytime you visit this page a new secret will be generated and the old one becomes invalid." %}
{% trans "Algorithm:" %} {{ object.get_bind9_algorithm }}
{% trans "Secret:" %} {{ shared_secret }}
// configuration snippet for bind 9 nameserver (put it into /etc/bind9/named.conf ) key "{{ object.name }}." { // everyone who has this key may update this zone: // must be same algorithm as in the Domain record of the nsupdate.info based service algorithm {{ object.get_bind9_algorithm }}; // the secret is just a shared secret in base64-encoding, you don't need // to use a special tool to create it. Some random in base64 encoding should // be OK. must be same secret as in the Domain database record of the nsupdate.info based service secret "{{ shared_secret }}"; }; zone {{ object.name }} { type master; // bind9 needs write permissions into that directory and into that file: file "/etc/bind/zones/{{ object.name }}"; update-policy { // these "deny" entries are needed for the service domain, // if you add another domain, you may want to check the need // for other "deny" entries if the zone is not fully available. // we don't allow updates to the infrastructure hosts: deny {{ object.name }}. name {{ object.name }}; deny {{ object.name }}. name www.{{ object.name }}; deny {{ object.name }}. name ipv4.{{ object.name }}; deny {{ object.name }}. name ipv6.{{ object.name }}; // this host is for testing if the nameserver is configured correctly and reachable grant {{ object.name }}. name connectivity-test.{{ object.name }} A; // but we allow updates to any other host: grant {{ object.name }}. subdomain {{ object.name }}; }; };
$ORIGIN . $TTL 3600 ; 1 hour ; note: please fix SOA, NS, A, AAAA, MX as needed: {{ object.name }} IN SOA ns1.{{ object.name }}. root.{{ object.name }}. (<PHONE_NUMBER> ; serial YYYYMMDDNN 7200 ; refresh (2 hours) 1800 ; retry (30 minutes) 604800 ; expire (1 week) 60 ; minimum (1 minute) ) NS ns1.{{ object.name }}. NS ns2.{{ object.name }}. A <IP_ADDRESS> AAAA :: MX 10 mail.{{ object.name }}. $ORIGIN {{ object.name }}. $TTL 3600 ; 1 hour ; note: the www, ipv4, ipv6 host entries are ONLY needed if you run the ; nsupdate.info service on these hosts. if you just want to add another ; domain that can be updated from an existing nsupdate.info service, you ; won't need these host records: www A <IP_ADDRESS> AAAA ::1 ipv4 A <IP_ADDRESS> ipv6 AAAA ::1


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{% extends "base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block title %}Workshops - {{ block.super }}{% endblock %} {% block analytics %} analytics.page("Workshops"); {% endblock %} {% block bodyclass %}
{% endblock %} {% block content %}I occasionally give in-person workshops, ranging from two hour to two day sessions. Interested in booking a Hello Web App workshop? Email me<EMAIL_ADDRESS>| Date | Venue/Organizer | Cost | More Info |
| None currently scheduled, check back soon! |
| Date | Venue/Organizer | Cost | More Info |
| July 17, 2016 | DjangoCon — Philadelphia, PA | $150 | Link |
| May. 29, 2016 | PyCon — Portland, OR | $150 | Link |
| Mar. 26, 2016 | Designers Who Code — San Francisco, CA | $10 | Link |
| Feb. 6, 2016 | PyTennessee — Nashville, TN | Free | Link |
| Sept. 26, 2015 | Hackbright Academy — San Francisco, CA | Free | Link |
| Sept. 6, 2015 | DjangoCon US — Austin, TX | $150 | Link |
| May 31, 2015 | DjangoCon EU — Cardiff, Wales, UK | Free | Link |
| May 21, 2015 | Refresh Portland — Portland, OR | $125 | Link |