FROM THE DESK OF OLUFEMI WILLIAMS HEAD FINANCE DEPARTMENT NIGERIAN PORTS AUTHORITY LAGOS.
Dear Sir,
RE: URGENT & CONFIDENTIAL BUSINESS PROPOSAL.
Although this proposal might come to you as a surprise, since it is from someone you do not know or have seen before, but based on recommendations, I gathered from a very reliable source here in Nigeria.
I am the Director, fund co-ordinator of the Finance Contract Department of Nigerian Ports Authority.
The crux of this letter is that the finance/contract department of the NPA deliberately over-inflated the contact values of various contract awarded. In the course of disbursement my office was able to track down the sum of US$23.5M(Twenty Three Million, Five Hundred Thousand U.S Dollars) as the over invoiced sum. This money is now floating in the NPA domiciliary account with the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN). I and my colleagues now want to quickly transfer this fund to a safe nominated foreign account for possible investment abroad.
We are not allowed as a matter of government policy to operate any foreign account because of our status as civil/public servants. Hence the need to solicit for your full banking details, to enable us transfer this money into your account.
Upon your acceptance of this proposal, we have also agreed on a sharing ratio:
1 25% for you as the account owner 2 65% for I and my colleagues 3 10% will be set aside to defray all incidental expenses both locally and internationally during the course of this transaction.
Furthermore, we shall be coming over to your country when the money is finally in your account and we shall be relying on your advise as regards to investment of our share. Be informed that, this business is genuine and 100% safe considering the high powered government officials involved.
Send by mail the following informations:-
1, YOUR COMPANY NAME AND ADDRESS, BANK NAME, ADDRESS AND ACCOUNT NUMBER.
2, YOUR TELEPHONE AND FAX NUMBER FOR EFFECTIVE COMMUNICATION. This is to effect the swift Transfer of this fund into your account in less than Seven (7) working days.
Expecting your immediate response while looking forward to a healthy business relationship with you.
Yours faithfully,
OLUFEMI WILLIAMS
Freeserve AnyTime - HALF PRICE for the first 3 months - Save £7.50 a month www.freeserve.com/anytime


About Maa Travels
Maa Travels is one of the foremost transportation companies, delivering a plethora of transport services to its esteemed consumers across India.
We are the “best-in-class and cost-effective transporter” as defined by our customers and serving this industry for many years. Geographical Profile : the firm currently has been providing transport service to varios Companies for the last 7 years and is currently enjoying work orders from reputed companies like Itc limited, hindalco ltd, hpcl,iocl,bpcl, shree cement ltd.hil,Jindal steel & power , hudco, alkem lab, cini, ipe glabal LTD , tdh, dfy,idf zuventus health care, oviet pharma, oziel, cipla,nhai
Services We Provide
Here are just a few things that the Maa Travels does to serve its clients, consumers and companies.We work with a trusted, select group of partners to co-create tailored propositions that not only take their business through convenient commute, but with our combined expertise leverages the extensive experience and proven track record of partnerships required to create travel services which meet your immediate needs as well as your aspirations.
Our Clients
We work with a trusted, select group of partners to co-create tailored propositions that not only take their business through convenient commute, but with our combined expertise leverages the extensive experience and proven track record of partnerships required to create travel services which meet your immediate needs as well as your aspirations.

Need to get in touch? We'd love to hear from you! Please fill out our form below and we'll contact you as soon as possible.
Contact Number: +91-7903543106
Mail id: rakesh@maatravels.in


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|
Batch Files
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A batch file is a text file with a .bat file extension. It contains a series of commands to be executed by the command line interpreter. You can run a batch file from a command prompt by navigating to its containing folder and typing its name or just double click on the file. Unless stated otherwise examples on this page are run by double clicking on the file name which automatically opens a command prompt and runs the script.
Background
Reason for writing this section is to provide enough information for writing batch scripts to run the various command line utilities found in Uniform Server. After reading this section you will be able to understand how some of the included batch scripts work.
Note: The directory and folder are interchangeable. Directory comes from the early days of DOS programming.
Basic batch file template
Uniform Server is portable and does not change the host environment. For portability each batch file must be located in the root folder UniServerZ or a folder below this. Ideally each file should be autonomous meaning it can be run by another batch file or application. The following template meets this requirement.
In folder UniServerZ create a new file named test1.bat with the following content:
|
Comments
A) Batch file command "@echo off" prevents displaying of command lines.
B) Batch file command "rem " allows you to add comments to document the script.
C) The batch file command pair "pushd %~dp0" and "popd" apart from saving and resorting a callers location forces current working directory to the location of the file containing the command pair.
D) Command "echo" outputs the string that follows to the screen.
The special command "echo." outputs a blank line. Note there is no space between echo and the full stop
E) The command "pause" Halts execution allowing you to read the screen. This command is generally used for test purposes
without it the screen (command prompt) closes.
|
|
test1.bat
@echo off
rem ### working directory current folder
pushd %~dp0
echo This is test script 1
echo.
rem ### restore original working directory
popd
pause
|
Test
Run the batch file by double clicking on file test1.bat:
- A command window opens.
- The string "This is test script 1" without the quotes is displayed.
- The message displayed "Press any key to continue . . ." is the result of the pause command.
- Pressing any key closes the window.
Folder hierarchy – Moving around
Knowing where you are in the folder hierarchy is extremely important. The current working directory is provided by a top-level environment variable %CD% a copy is passed to the command prompt. Value contained in this variable is that of the calling application. Our template forces this to the location of our script. Within our batch file we can use the command "CD" to change this environment variable. It is unfortunate the command and environment variable have identical names "CD" however, the commend "CD" means change directory and environment variable %CD% means current working directory.
In folder UniServerZ create a new file named test2.bat with the following content:
|
Comments
The set command is used for creating environment variables. The environment variable name is assigned a value, this value can be another environment variable. To use environment variables you must enclose their name between %'s for example %var_name%. Note to echo a % use %%.
A) The line set HOME=%CD% creates a new environment variable HOME and sets it to the current working directory using environment variable %CD%.
Line "echo Command used was HOME=%%CD%%" Prints the text "Command used was HOME=%CD%"
Next two lines prints the variables %HOME% and %CD% Note: The paths displayed are identical.
B) Command "CD www" changes the working directory to folder www
C) Command "CD ..\..\" Relative paths can be used ..\..\ means move up two folder levels. Changes the working directory to this new folder.
D) Command "CD %HOME%\core\apache2" changes the working directory to folder apache2. The path is constructed using the HOME environment variable and appending folders to create the full path to apache2.
Notes:
Generally there is no need to change the working directory however there are applications that specifically require you to set the working directory to their binary folder otherwise they will run. After running this type of application the HOME variable allows you to return to your scripts home folder.
Test
Run the batch file by double clicking on file test2.bat:
- Each test is displayed and paused.
- Check the full paths displayed correspond to expected results.
|
|
test2.bat
@echo off
rem ### working directory current folder
pushd %~dp0
rem #------Test code -----------
set HOME=%CD%
echo A) Command used was HOME=%%CD%%
echo Environment varailbe HOME is %HOME%
echo The current working directory is %CD%
echo.
pause
CD www
echo B) Command used was CD www
echo Environment varailbe HOME is %HOME%
echo The current working directory is %CD%
echo.
pause
CD ..\..\
echo C) Command used was ..\..\
echo Environment varailbe HOME is %HOME%
echo The current working directory is %CD%
echo.
pause
CD %HOME%\core\apache2
echo D) Command used was CD %%HOME%%\core\apache2
echo Environment varailbe HOME is %HOME%
echo The current working directory is %CD%
echo.
pause
rem #------ End test code ------
rem ### restore original working directory
popd
pause
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Folders and Files – Create, delete and redirection operator
This section covers basic commands, md make directory, rd remove directory, mov move file, copy copy file, ren rename files, del deleted file, direction operator > to create a file and the direction operator >> for appending to a file.
In folder UniServerZ create a new file named test3.bat with the following content:
|
Comments
A) The command IF NOT EXIST checks the named folder does not exist before attempting to create it. If the folder does not exist it is create using command md (make directory)
B) The echo command and redirection operator > writes text to the named file. The named file is either created if it does not exist or overwrites an existing file. The redirection operators >> append text to an existing file. The special command echo. (note no space between echo and the full stop) allows an empty file to be create (a file with not content).
C) Command move moves a file to different location, copy copies a file to a specified location and ren renames an existing file.
- move source_path_file_name destination_path_file_name
- copy source_path_file_name destination_path_file_name
- ren path_file_name new_name
Note: Commands move and copy output confirmation text. This text can be suppressed by redirecting output to the null folder using the redirection operator >>null.
D) E) The command rd (remove directory) deletes the named folder. Before a folder can be deleted it must be empty, delete any files and folders in may contain.
Test
Run the batch file by double clicking on file test3.bat:
- Follow instructions displayed.
- Check results at each step against the script.
|
|
test3.bat
@echo off
rem ### working directory current folder
pushd %~dp0
rem #------Test code -----------
set HOME=%CD%
echo A) Creating folders
IF NOT EXIST aaa md aaa
IF NOT EXIST bbb\ccc md bbb\ccc
echo Check folders created
pause
echo.
echo B) Creating files in folder aaa
echo. > aaa\z_test1.txt
echo Line 1 > aaa\z_test2.txt
echo Line 2 >> aaa\z_test2.txt
echo Check files created
pause
echo.
echo C) Moving, copying and renaming files
move aaa\z_test1.txt bbb\ccc\z_test1.txt
copy aaa\z_test2.txt bbb\ccc\z_test2.txt >null
ren aaa\z_test2.txt z_test3.txt
echo Check files moved, copied and renamed
pause
echo.
echo D) Deleting folders
rd aaa
rd bbb\ccc
echo Fails because folders not empty
pause
echo.
echo E) Empty folders and delete
del aaa\z_test3.txt
del bbb\ccc\z_test1.txt
del bbb\ccc\z_test2.txt
rd aaa
rd bbb\ccc
rd bbb
echo Folders aaa and bbb deleted
pause
echo.
rem #------ End test code ------
rem ### restore original working directory
popd
pause
|
IF and IF ELSE command
Perform conditional processing in batch programs.
The basic IF command syntax is shown below.
IF [NOT] ERRORLEVEL number command
IF [NOT] string1==string2 command
IF [NOT] EXIST filename command
If (condition) (command1)
If (condition) (command1) Else (command2)
The IF command can use compound commands statements, a single command is replaced with several commands seperated by the & character as follows:
If (condition) (command1 & command2)
If (condition) (command1 & command2 ) Else (command3 & command4 )
The & operator is required only if you write the code on one line as show. However the & operator is not required when the code is written in a block. The following two examples demonstrate this:
A) "IF" written on single line:
IF EXIST z_test4.txt (echo File z_test4.txt exist deleting & DEL z_test4.txt) ELSE (echo file does not exist creating file & echo Line 1 > z_test4.txt)
B) "IF" written as a block:
IF EXIST z_test4.txt (
echo File z_test4.txt exist deleting
DEL z_test4.txt
) ELSE (
echo file does not exist creating file
echo Line 1 > z_test4.txt
)
Set /p command - user and file input
The SET command displays, sets, or removes environment variables. Changes made with SET will remain only for the duration of the current script session.
In folder UniServerZ create a new file named test4.bat with the following content:
|
Comments
A) Set/Delete variable:
The command format set some_variable = some_value Sets the environment variable to a new value string or to an existing environment variable name. The command format "set some_variable =" removes (deletes) the variable.
B) Prompt for user input:
The /P switch allows you to set a variable equal to a line of input entered by the user. The Prompt string is displayed before the user input is read. Note the prompt string can be empty.
If a user just presses return the variable will be unchanged and a errorlevel will be set.
The test code can be changed as follows, it uses the goto command to execute different code.
Set /P UserInput=Please enter yes or no || Set UserInput=NothingEntered
If "%UserInput%"=="NothingEntered" goto sub_1
If /i "%UserInput%"=="no" goto sub_2
If /i "%UserInput%"=="yes" goto sub_3
C) Set from text file:
The redirection operator < reads the first line of a specified text file and puts it into the environment variable. It uses the following command format:
Set /P Some_Var=<Path_Some_text_file_name.txt
D) Alternative Set from text file:
The content of a file can be read using the FOR /F command as shown below:
FOR /F %%G IN (%PWD_FILE1%) DO set MYSQL_PWD2=%%G
The content of file PWD_FILE1 is read into into memory and processed. The first line is assigned to variable %%G. This variable is used to set the variable MYSQL_PWD2 which comletes the command.
Test
Run the batch file by double clicking on file test4.bat:
- Follow instructions displayed.
- Check results at each step against the script.
|
|
test4.bat
@echo off
rem ### working directory current folder
pushd %~dp0
rem #------Test code -----------
set HOME=%CD%
echo A) Setting password file path
set PWD_FILE1=%HOME%\htpasswd\mysql\passwd.txt
set PWD_FILE2=%HOME%\htpasswd\mysql\passwd.txt
set PWD_FILE2=
echo Password file %%PWD_FILE1%% is %PWD_FILE1%
echo Password file %%PWD_FILE2%% removed ..%PWD_FILE2%..
pause
echo.
echo B) Prompt for user input
Set /P UserInput=Please enter yes or no || Set UserInput=NothingEntered
If "%UserInput%"=="NothingEntered" Exit
If /i "%UserInput%"=="no" Exit
If /i "%UserInput%"=="yes" echo OK next test
pause
echo.
echo C) Getting MySQL password from file
set /p MYSQL_PWD=<%PWD_FILE1%
echo MySQL Password = %MYSQL_PWD%
echo.
pause
echo D) Alternative get MySQL password from file
FOR /F %%G IN (%PWD_FILE1%) DO set MYSQL_PWD2=%%G
echo MySQL Password = %MYSQL_PWD2%
echo.
pause
rem #------ End test code ------
rem ### restore original working directory
popd
|
Summary
The above has introduced you to the main commands used in batch files. At the least you now know what to search for on the Internet.
There is one command (FOR /F) that is extremely useful and is worth expanding in details this is covered on page
. it allows you to easily pass parameters between batch files and applications run from a batch file.
--oOo--
|


Package com.arjuna.ats.jts.tx
Class tx
- java.lang.Object
-
- com.arjuna.ats.jts.tx.tx
-
public class tx extends java.lang.Object
-
-
Field Summary
Fields Modifier and Type Field Description static int
TX_CHAINED
static int
TX_COMMIT_COMPLETED
static int
TX_COMMIT_DESICION_LOGGED
static int
TX_EINVAL
static int
TX_ERROR
static int
TX_FAIL
static int
TX_HAZARD
static int
TX_HAZARD_NO_BEGIN
static int
TX_NO_BEGIN
static int
TX_NOT_SUPPORTED
static int
TX_OK
These values are pretty arbitrary since we have no way of knowing what they should be.static int
TX_OUTSIDE
static int
TX_PROTOCOL_ERROR
static int
TX_ROLLBACK
static int
TX_ROLLBACK_NO_BEGIN
static int
TX_UNCHAINED
-
Constructor Summary
Constructors Constructor Description tx()
-
Method Summary
All Methods Static Methods Concrete Methods Modifier and Type Method Description static int
tx_allow_nesting()
static int
tx_begin()
static int
tx_close()
The X/Open spec.static int
tx_commit()
static int
tx_disable_nesting()
static int
tx_open()
static int
tx_rollback()
This needs to implement checked transactions such that only the transaction initiator (thread) can terminate it.static int
tx_set_commit_return(int when_return)
static int
tx_set_transaction_control(int control)
static int
tx_set_transaction_timeout(int timeout)
-
-
-
Field Detail
-
TX_OK
public static final int TX_OK
These values are pretty arbitrary since we have no way of knowing what they should be. As long as the CPP names are used we should be ok though.- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_COMMIT_COMPLETED
public static final int TX_COMMIT_COMPLETED
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_COMMIT_DESICION_LOGGED
public static final int TX_COMMIT_DESICION_LOGGED
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_CHAINED
public static final int TX_CHAINED
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_UNCHAINED
public static final int TX_UNCHAINED
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_ERROR
public static final int TX_ERROR
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_FAIL
public static final int TX_FAIL
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_PROTOCOL_ERROR
public static final int TX_PROTOCOL_ERROR
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_OUTSIDE
public static final int TX_OUTSIDE
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_NO_BEGIN
public static final int TX_NO_BEGIN
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_HAZARD
public static final int TX_HAZARD
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_HAZARD_NO_BEGIN
public static final int TX_HAZARD_NO_BEGIN
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_NOT_SUPPORTED
public static final int TX_NOT_SUPPORTED
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_EINVAL
public static final int TX_EINVAL
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_ROLLBACK
public static final int TX_ROLLBACK
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
TX_ROLLBACK_NO_BEGIN
public static final int TX_ROLLBACK_NO_BEGIN
- See Also:
- Constant Field Values
-
-
Method Detail
-
tx_open
public static final int tx_open()
-
tx_close
public static final int tx_close()
The X/Open spec. says to raise TX_PROTOCOL_ERROR if called from within a transaction. However, the OTS spec. implies there is no mapping for tx_close. So, do nothing.
-
tx_disable_nesting
public static final int tx_disable_nesting()
-
tx_allow_nesting
public static final int tx_allow_nesting()
-
tx_begin
public static final int tx_begin()
-
tx_rollback
public static final int tx_rollback()
This needs to implement checked transactions such that only the transaction initiator (thread) can terminate it.
-
tx_set_commit_return
public static final int tx_set_commit_return(int when_return)
-
tx_commit
public static final int tx_commit()
-
tx_set_transaction_control
public static final int tx_set_transaction_control(int control)
-
tx_set_transaction_timeout
public static final int tx_set_transaction_timeout(int timeout)
-
-


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The Center for Disaster Philanthropy (CDP) is a full-time resource to help donors make more thoughtful disaster-related giving decisions and maximize the impact of their gifts. CDP’s mission is to transform disaster giving by providing timely and thoughtful strategies to increase donors’ impact during domestic and international disasters.
We welcome you to learn much more about CDP, and about disaster giving at www.disasterphilanthropy.org
There is only one way out of New Orleans: through my hometown, Baton Rouge. When Hurricane Katrina struck in 2005 and all systems ceased to operate, philanthropy transformed from a “gap-filler” to a strong source of leadership that could coordinate across nearly every sector. While we were part of the greatest show of generosity in the history of the United States, the country was ill equipped to make the most effective grants in the wake of such chaos. It was evident that philanthropy was no longer a gap-filler. Instead, we cared about lessening the impact of the destruction and the suffering of displaced families.
However, we learned that recovery from such an enormous event takes many years, and the money flow slows and eventually stops. From this experience, the Center for Disaster Philanthropy (CDP) was created to provide a full-time national resource to help donors make more thoughtful disaster-related giving decisions and maximize the impact of their gifts. The idea was to transform disaster giving through the collective thought leadership and pooled resources of donors.
In our second year, CDP raised and donated money to Hurricane Sandy’s recovery and will soon allocate money to Typhoon Haiyan’s recovery. It has advised foundations, individuals, corporations, and the donor community at large. CDP serves as a real-time knowledge center on disasters. If grant makers and individual donors do not believe that disaster giving is included in their mission, this assumption is incorrect. Disasters at least peripherally impact every population that we serve as well as our economy. At some point, a disaster will hit your community, and CDP will be here for you.
Special thanks to visionary board members Eric Kessler, Ronna Brown, Henry Berman and John Davies for making this such a special year.
Sincerely,
Lori J. Bertman
Board Chair
Never before have we experienced natural disasters of such frequency and intensity. Yet with each event, donors are giving record amounts with unprecedented speed, often making decisions based on impulse and limited information. These gifts are given with the best of intentions, but donors may question if their money is being well spent and whether they have significantly improved the lives of people in need.
Center for Disaster Philanthropy (CDP) launched the CDP Typhoon Haiyan Recovery Fund immediately following the storm surge that struck Philippines in November 2013. We designed the fund to emphasize medium and long-term recovery. The Fund will support vulnerable populations, fill gaps where public resources are needed, and foster collaboration among donors and across sectors.
In 2014, we will allocate the funds in a manner that honors the lives lost and embraces the Filipino culture of resilience. We know that we are not the largest Haiyan funder, however, we know that small dollars strategically invested can bring about powerful change.
*Some $ raised in 2014
The CDP Hurricane Sandy Disaster Fund offered donors an opportunity to maximize the impact of their gifts by collaborating with other donors to look at long-term recovery for Hurricane Sandy-impacted communities. Through the guidance of local experts and a grantmaking committee, CDP awarded 10 grants:
*Some $ raised in 2014
| Fiscal Years Ending December 31 | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CDP Operations Only | 2012 | 2013 | |||
| Cash Basis | Actual | Actual | |||
| Income | |||||
| Advisory Services Contributed Support Fund Administration and Other |
$ $ $ |
76,843 508,489 - |
$ $ $ |
190,026 724,732 24,567 |
|
| Total Income | $ | 585,332 | $ | 939,325 | |
| Expenses | |||||
| Staﬀ Rent Website All Other Expenses |
$ $ $ $ |
450,795 11,903 22,082 21,510 |
$ $ $ $ |
657,053 27,338 19,518 78,790 |
|
| Total Expenses | $ | 506,290 | $ | 782,699 | |
| Net Income | $ | 79,042 | $ | 206,462 |
CDP Granted out its Hurricane Sandy Disaster Recovery Fund: $424,600
CDP Raised $308,733 for its Typhoon Haiyan Disaster Recovery Fund
At Year-End, CDP had Cash On Hand of $626,040.45
It was a year filled with many devastating events including the tornadoes in Moore, Oklahoma; the Western wildfires; Colorado floods; Cyclone Phailin in India; the continued conflicts in Syria and Mali; and the food insecurities in The Sahel and Horn of Africa. The year closed out with one of the worst typhoons in history, Haiyan, which left 6,000 or more dead, caused billions of dollars in damages and destroyed tens of thousands of livelihoods in the Philippines.
U.S. institutions and individuals responded to these disasters with a generous outpouring of hundreds of millions of dollars in voluntary contributions. Our mission here at the Center for Disaster Philanthropy is to assist donors in making wise decisions about their disaster giving and help increase its effectiveness and impact.
We accomplished this in three broad ways in 2013:
As always, any progress we accomplished this year was made possible through the generosity of our donors, who are listed on the following pages of this annual report.
We thank you for your interest in our work and we look forward to working with you in making disaster philanthropy more effective.
Sincerely,
Robert G. Ottenhoff
President and CEO
Mission & Vision
Transform the field of disaster philanthropy to increase donor effectiveness throughout the lifecycle of disasters through our educational, fund opportunities and strategic guidance.
A world where donors strategically plan for and respond to disasters in order to minimize their impact on vulnerable populations and communities.


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step_woe
creates a specification of a
recipe step that will transform nominal data into its numerical
transformation based on weights of evidence against a binary outcome.
step_woe( recipe, ..., role = "predictor", outcome, trained = FALSE, dictionary = NULL, Laplace = 1e-06, prefix = "woe", skip = FALSE, id = rand_id("woe") ) # S3 method for step_woe tidy(x, ...)
| recipe | A recipe object. The step will be added to the sequence of operations for this recipe. |
|---|---|
| ... | One or more selector functions to choose which
variables will be used to compute the components. See
|
| role | For model terms created by this step, what analysis role should they be assigned?. By default, the function assumes that the new woe components columns created by the original variables will be used as predictors in a model. |
| outcome | The bare name of the binary outcome. |
| trained | A logical to indicate if the quantities for preprocessing have been estimated. |
| dictionary | A tbl. A map of levels and woe values. It must
have the same layout than the output returned from |
| Laplace | The Laplace smoothing parameter. A value usually applied to avoid -Inf/Inf from predictor category with only one outcome class. Set to 0 to allow Inf/-Inf. The default is 1e-6. Also kwon as 'pseudocount' parameter of the Laplace smoothing technique. |
| prefix | A character string that will be the prefix to the resulting new variables. See notes below. |
| skip | A logical. Should the step be skipped when the
recipe is baked by |
| id | A character string that is unique to this step to identify it. |
| x | A |
An updated version of recipe
with the new step
added to the sequence of existing steps (if any). For the
tidy
method, a tibble with the woe dictionary used to map
categories with woe values.
WoE is a transformation of a group of variables that produces a new set of features. The formula is
$$woe_c = log((P(X = c|Y = 1))/(P(X = c|Y = 0)))$$
where \(c\) goes from 1 to \(C\) levels of a given nominal predictor variable \(X\).
These components are designed to transform nominal variables into
numerical ones with the property that the order and magnitude
reflects the association with a binary outcome. To apply it on
numerical predictors, it is advisable to discretize the variables
prior to running WoE. Here, each variable will be binarized to
have woe associated later. This can achieved by using step_discretize()
.
The argument Laplace
is an small quantity added to the
proportions of 1's and 0's with the goal to avoid log(p/0) or
log(0/p) results. The numerical woe versions will have names that
begin with woe_
followed by the respecttive original name of the
variables. See Good (1985).
One can pass a custom dictionary
tibble to step_woe()
.
It must have the same structure of the output from
dictionary()
(see examples). If not provided it will be
created automatically. The role of this tibble is to store the map
between the levels of nominal predictor to its woe values. You may
want to tweak this object with the goal to fix the orders between
the levels of one given predictor. One easy way to do this is by
tweaking an output returned from dictionary()
.
Kullback, S. (1959). Information Theory and Statistics. Wiley, New York.
Hastie, T., Tibshirani, R. and Friedman, J. (1986). Elements of Statistical Learning, Second Edition, Springer, 2009.
Good, I. J. (1985), "Weight of evidence: A brief survey", Bayesian Statistics, 2, pp.249-270.
library(modeldata) data("credit_data") set.seed(111) in_training <- sample(1:nrow(credit_data), 2000) credit_tr <- credit_data[ in_training, ] credit_te <- credit_data[-in_training, ] rec <- recipe(Status ~ ., data = credit_tr) %>% step_woe(Job, Home, outcome = Status) woe_models <- prep(rec, training = credit_tr) # the encoding: bake(woe_models, new_data = credit_te %>% slice(1:5), starts_with("woe"))#> # A tibble: 5 x 2 #> woe_Job woe_Home #> <dbl> <dbl> #> 1 0.451 -0.519 #> 2 -0.187 0.512 #> 3 0.451 0.512 #> 4 -0.187 0.512 #> 5 -1.51 0.0519#> Job Home #> 1 fixed rent #> 2 freelance owner #> 3 fixed owner #> 4 freelance owner #> 5 partime parents#> # A tibble: 12 x 9 #> terms value n_tot n_bad n_good p_bad p_good woe id #> <chr> <chr> <int> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <chr> #> 1 Job fixed 1261 273 988 0.451 0.708 0.451 woe_omZtf #> 2 Job freelance 463 159 304 0.263 0.218 -0.187 woe_omZtf #> 3 Job others 74 39 35 0.0645 0.0251 -0.944 woe_omZtf #> 4 Job partime 201 133 68 0.220 0.0487 -1.51 woe_omZtf #> 5 Job NA 1 1 0 0.00165 0 -14.7 woe_omZtf #> 6 Home ignore 8 4 4 0.00661 0.00287 -0.835 woe_omZtf #> 7 Home other 161 78 83 0.129 0.0595 -0.773 woe_omZtf #> 8 Home owner 931 192 739 0.317 0.530 0.512 woe_omZtf #> 9 Home parents 336 98 238 0.162 0.171 0.0519 woe_omZtf #> 10 Home priv 113 42 71 0.0694 0.0509 -0.310 woe_omZtf #> 11 Home rent 446 188 258 0.311 0.185 -0.519 woe_omZtf #> 12 Home NA 5 3 2 0.00496 0.00143 -1.24 woe_omZtf# Example of custom dictionary + tweaking # custom dictionary woe_dict_custom <- credit_tr %>% dictionary(Job, Home, outcome = Status) woe_dict_custom[4, "woe"] <- 1.23 #tweak #passing custom dict to step_woe() rec_custom <- recipe(Status ~ ., data = credit_tr) %>% step_woe(Job, Home, outcome = Status, dictionary = woe_dict_custom) %>% prep rec_custom_baked <- bake(rec_custom, new_data = credit_te) rec_custom_baked %>% dplyr::filter(woe_Job == 1.23) %>% head#> # A tibble: 6 x 14 #> Seniority Time Age Marital Records Expenses Income Assets Debt Amount #> <int> <int> <int> <fct> <fct> <int> <int> <int> <int> <int> #> 1 0 48 41 married no 90 80 0 0 1200 #> 2 0 18 21 single yes 35 50 0 0 400 #> 3 0 36 23 single no 45 122 2500 0 400 #> 4 14 24 51 married no 75 198 1000 0 450 #> 5 1 60 26 single no 35 120 0 0 1150 #> 6 1 36 24 married no 76 164 0 0 900 #> # … with 4 more variables: Price <int>, Status <fct>, woe_Job <dbl>, #> # woe_Home <dbl>


--- layout: post title: "Who's Funding 'Personalized Learning' Startups?" date: 2016-12-19 09:35:00 +0000 tags: image: https://s3.amazonaws.com/hackedu/2016-12-19-pigeon.jpg imagecredits: https://www.flickr.com/photos/33459161@N06/5248870961 ---
This article helps provide funding data for part 9 of my annual review of the year in ed-tech
The following startups that market themselves as selling “personalized learning” raised funding in 2016. (Now, granted, this is a huge category because almost everyone uses that phrase in their PR materials. Most of what I’ve included below are those who say they’re “adaptive.”)


This challenge allows you to practice the concepts and techniques learned over the past Sprint and apply them in a concrete project. This Sprint explored ReactJS, Function Components, component state and side effects. In your challenge for this Sprint, you will demonstrate proficiency by creating an application that uses ReactJS to consume live data retrieved from the World Wide Web and style that data nicely on the page.
Read these instructions carefully. Understand exactly what is expected before starting this Sprint Challenge.
This is an individual assessment. All work must be your own. Your challenge score is a measure of your ability to work independently using the material covered through this sprint. You need to demonstrate proficiency in the concepts and objectives introduced and practiced in preceding days.
You are not allowed to collaborate during the Sprint Challenge. However, you are encouraged to follow the twenty-minute rule and seek support from your PM and Instructor in your cohort help channel on Slack. Your work reflects your proficiency with ReactJS Fundamentals and your command of the concepts and techniques in the Functional Components.
You have three hours to complete this challenge. Plan your time accordingly.
Commit your code regularly and meaningfully. This helps both you (in case you ever need to return to old code for any number of reasons and your Team Lead.
In this challenge, create a web page that presents a styled list of Star Wars characters.
Demonstrate your understanding of this Sprint’s concepts by answering the following free-form questions. Edit this document to include your answers after each question. Make sure to leave a blank line above and below your answer so it is clear and easy to read by your Team Lead.
ReactJS is a library used to build large applications. It’s very good at assisting developers in manipulating the DOM element to create rich user experiences. We need a way to off-load the state/data that our apps use, and React helps us do that.
It makes you think about how to organize/build apps a little differently because it’s very scalable and allows you to build huge apps. React’s one-way data flow makes everything modular and fast. You can build apps top-down or bottom-up.
Some data we want to display.
Props are like function arguments in JS and attributes in HTML.
Side effects are anything that affects something outside the executed function’s scope like fetching data from an API, a timer, or logging.
Follow these steps to set up and work on your project:
git checkout -b <firstName-lastName>
../starwars
(cd starwars
) and run yarn install
or npm install
to retrieve all needed dependencies.yarn start
or npm start
to get your server up and running.localhost:3000
and view your beautiful app. Maybe it’s not that pretty… yet, your goal is to ensure this project becomes a thing of beauty. Follow these steps for completing your project.git push origin <firstName-lastName>
.Follow these steps for completing your project:
Your finished project must include all of the following requirements:
It is better to submit a challenge that meets MVP than one that attempts too much and fails.
[ ] Next week we will be looking at React forms. Look a head and try to create a search form that will filter through the data displayed from your characters.
console.log()
the data coming back from the server.next
and previous
fields that give you a URL.getCharacters
that you can use dynamically to get the next or previous set of characters. You would need to supply it with the proper fields, and you’ll need to set up more state to do this.


{% extends "compression.html" %} {% block title %}Compression - Prediction by partial matching{% endblock %} {% block pagetitle %}Brian R. Bondy - Prediction by partial matching{% endblock %} {% block subtitle %}Adaptive statistical data compression{% endblock %} {% block main_content %}
PPM uses the last n symbols of source data to predict the next symbol in the stream. Like adaptive Huffman compression, PPM is an adaptive algorithm which gains information about the source data as it encodes.
All implementation details of PPM are not constant
Newer versions of PPM with extra optimizations are known as the PAQ series of data compression algorithms.
{% endblock %}


Bluesoxx hosts computer science programs for high school girls in Vancouver, BC. This summer, we will take on new members with any experience level (including none), for our introductory course based on the Stanford University CS101 curriculum . The session will begin late in Summer, 2020—be sure to sign up for the mailing list below to find out when registration opens!
No programming experience of any kind is required to join with Bluesoxx.
We will definitely make some fun and simple demo projects. But overall, the class is about real fundamentals in formal computer science, and professional-level programming. We will also work on leadership and presentation skills: less crafting-for-kids and more becoming-a-boss.
The Bluesoxx program combines materials from professional-level computer science courses with personalized instruction by local experts. Most importantly, though, students work together to build and share expertise as a team, and take the lead in making this happen: not quite like joining a sorority, but not just like taking a class.
The ability to use software, like the ability to read 300 years ago, is transforming assumptions about what people can accomplish. Early adopters who progress from computer-literate to best-selling-authors of computation are not just ensuring the income or lifestyle they want—they have the opportunity to impact the world.


How to query:
In the bar below, please enter a subreddit. Due to the sheer amount of subreddits that exist, I have selected what are deemed to be the current most popular subreddits. You have the option to choose one of the following: Games, nba, programming, tattoos, NatureIsFuckingLit, Whatcouldgowrong, CrappyDesign, dankmemes, nsfw, cringepics, 4chan, soccer, comics, sex, pokemon, malefashionadvice, StarWars, Frugal, AnimalsBeingJerks, travel, buildapc, OutOfTheLoop.


A collection of psychology heuristics that designers can consider when building user interfaces.
View Project arrow_right_altA collection of psychology heuristics that designers can consider when building user interfaces.
View Project arrow_right_altA collection of psychology heuristics that designers can consider when building user interfaces.
View Project arrow_right_alt


Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar.
Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar.
— Garry Alexander
A small river named Duden flows by their place and supplies it with the necessary regelialia. It is a paradisematic country, in which roasted parts of sentences fly into your mouth.
— James Robertson
Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar.
— Ben Goodrich
And if she hasn’t been rewritten, then they are still using her.
— Kip Hugh
A small river named Duden flows by their place and supplies it with the necessary regelialia. It is a paradisematic country, in which roasted parts of sentences fly into your mouth.
— James Robertson
Even the all-powerful Pointing has no control about the blind texts it is an almost unorthographic life One day however a small line of blind text by the name of Lorem Ipsum decided to leave for the far World of Grammar.
— Ben Goodrich
But nothing the copy said could convince her and so it didn’t take long until a few insidious Copy Writers ambushed her, made her drunk with Longe and Parole and dragged her into their agency, where they abused her for their.
Mai multe planuri de tarifare in functie de nevoi
GRATIS
Doar setezi un cont simplu
50 Lei
Plata lunara
100 Lei
Plata lunara
Mai multe planuri de tarifare in functie de nevoi
GRATIS
Doar setezi un cont simplu
50 Lei
Plata lunara
100 Lei
Plata lunara


Chile police suspend use of rubber bullets amid eye injuries
A Chilean human rights group has documented 222 cases of hospitalisation for eye injuries.
Chilean police have suspended the use of birdshot rubber pellets during street protests amid an outcry over eye injuries suffered by more than 200 protesters.
The decision was announced on Tuesday by the head of the Carabineros - Chile's military police - Mario Rozas, after one month of sometimes violent protests over socioeconomic inequality and other concerns.
More:
Police say the birdshot pellets are made of rubber but some studies have found that they also contain metal.
"As a prudent step, the use of this non-lethal ammunition as a riot tool has been ordered suspended," Rozas told reporters.
A recent study by the University of Chile on ammunition extracted from injured protesters found birdshot composed of 20 percent rubber, with the remaining 80 percent consisting of silica, barium sulfate and lead, which meant the pellets were as hard as "a skateboard wheel," the report said.
Rozas explained that following the report, an internal investigation was conducted, which also found "discrepancies" with the information provided by the company that sells the birdshot.
Beginning on Tuesday, he said, the birdshot could only be used in the same manner "as firearms, as an extreme measure and exclusively for self-defence when there is an imminent threat of death."
Almost 2,400 people have been injured in the protests, which have been raging for one month [Goran Tomasevic/Reuters]
Protesters with eye injuries have become a symbol of the demonstrations, with some of those marching wearing eye patches as a sign of solidarity with the injured.
According to Chile's National Human Rights Institute, there have been 222 documented cases of hospitalisation for eye injuries, some 75 percent of which were caused by projectiles. The institute says a total of 2,391 people have been hospitalised for all injuries.
The public prosecutor has opened 26 investigations into deaths during the protests that reached their one-month mark on Monday. At least five people have been killed by security forces.
Near-daily street protests began with high school students refusing to pay a metro ticket price rise but have since mushroomed into the deepest social crisis the South American country has seen since its return to democracy in 1990.
Chile's security forces have been accused of human rights abuses in their clashes with protesters. On Monday, President Sebastian Pinera promised there would be "no impunity" for those who used excessive force against protesters.
Public prosecutors in Chile are investigating more than 1,000 cases of alleged abuses. The United Nations and Amnesty International have dispatched teams to conduct investigations.


{% extends "desktop-layout.html" %} {% block body %}
Bus Ticker is a web app that can help you quickly find the next buses coming by your bus stop. Never again wrestle with the HSR's phone service or infuriating website simply put your stop code or stop name into Bus Ticker and we'll tell you the next 5 buses for every route that passes by.
Note: Bus Ticker is not affiliated with or endorsed by the HSR. We cannot gaurantee the accuracy of any bus times as we do not have access to the HSR's real time data feed. The times we show are based on the official schedule released by the HSR and may vary due to traffic conditions and road closures.


Datepicker
Date
Date
Only allowed current date + 7 days
Date
Only allowed current date + until 31.12.2015


Sunday, November 16, 2014
Week 3 covered Ruby basics and two things we picked up were arrays and hashes. You can think of them as lists. Since Christmas is coming, let's think about people's wishlists, in particular mine.
An array is an ordered list of objects. Objects can be strings (names, book titles, etc), integers (prices, quantity, etc), and arrays (more lists), among other things. Let's say I want to make a Wish List for my birthday, which also happens to be on Christmas (yeah... I always get only one present, not two). Naturally, I would put the things I want the most on top.
Now, putting on our Ruby hat, let's make this into an array called wishList and enter the items that I hope others will buy for me.
You can create an array with Array.new and/or type out all the elements in the array:
wishList = Array.new
wishList = ["Baby the Dog", "Net subscription", "Toms shoes"]
In Ruby, instead of starting the list with 1, 2, 3, arrays actually start at index 0 and then 1, 2, 3. So technically index 1 is the second thing on the list (Net subscription). So, lets say if you really want to see me happy and want to buy me the thing I want very most, you can search by looking up what index 0 would give me. See below in code speak:
wishList[0] => "Baby the Dog"
wishList[1] => "Net subscription"
wishList[2] => "Tom brogue shoes"
Okay, so I changed my mind about Baby being my #1 most desired gift. I am a student after all...and Baby is 10 years old so I don't think it's a good idea to take on DBC and a senior dog. Let's take off her of the list with .delete method.
wishList.delete("Baby the Dog")
wishList => ["Net subscription", "Toms brogue shoes"]
My list is so small now. What if more than two people want to buy me things?
There are several ways to add an element: .push, <<, .unshift, .insert. Let's use .push as an example:
wishList.push("Pug Pillow") =>
["Net subscription", "Toms brogue shoes", "Pug Pillow"]
With .push, it puts the Pug Pillow at the very end. What if I want the Pug Pillow more than the Toms brogue shoes? In this case, instead of using .push, you can use .insert(index#, 'item'):
wishList.insert(1, "Pug Pillow") =>
["Net subscription", "Pug Pillow", "Toms brogue shoes"]
Okay, now you know the fundamentals of creating an array!
Hashes are similar to arrays in the sense that they are also a list. Whereas you can grab things from the array by the index number, with hashes you have keys and their associated values. For example, I can create my wishList of what I want and where you can purchase them. How convenient! This should make it easier for my gift-buyers, present-givers to shower me with well-deserved, long-awaited presents.
Arrays have [] brackets, hashes have {} curly braces. Similar to creating an array, you can either start with wishList = Hash.new and then add the elements in wishList or have the name equal the elements in the array, like below:
wishList= {"Net subscription"=>"CreativeBloq.com", "Toms brogue shoes"=>"Toms.com", "Pug Pillow"=>"ModCloth.com"}
So, you see here that my Net subscription is the key and CreativeBloq.com is my value, and so on.
Let's say you want to get me the Pug Pillow, but you don't know want to look at the long, extensive wishList, you just want to know where to buy it. You can search for the value for the key Pug Pillow with:
wishList["Pug Pillow"] => "ModCloth.com"
You can also search for the key by its value. So, if you're online at Toms.com and you can't remember which kind of shoes I wanted, you can find it in Ruby with .key:
wishList.key("Toms.com") => "Toms brogue shoes"
I changed my mind again. I think I do want Baby the Dog, not that lame wannabe-dog pillow. Baby is relatively low maintenance, she sleeps a lot anyways. To delete the Pug Pillow, you can use .delete:
wishList.delete("Pug Pillow")
wishList => {"Net subscription"=>"CreativeBloq.com", "Toms brogue shoes" => "Toms.com"}
Now it's time to add Baby the Dog back with .store:
wishList.store("Baby the Cutest, Best Pekingese Dog Ever", "NorCal Family Dog Rescue")
wishList => {"Net subscription"=>"CreativeBloq.com", "Toms brogue shoes" => "Toms.com", "Baby the Cutest, Best Pekingese Dog Ever" =>"NorCal Family Dog Rescue"}
That's it! That's array and hash in Ruby for you. Now go make your Wish List and send it to a programmer friend to figure it out, because your non-programming friends sure as hell won't. And go adopt Baby the Dog!


Course Catalog
Semester and year of study (ex Fall 2020)
Semester (ex Fall):
Year (ex 2021):
Subject (Computer science as "CS"):


--- layout: post title: making banana pancakes... date: 2012-01-28 21:09:58.000000000 -05:00 type: post published: true status: publish categories: - pancakes - recipes - vegan tags: - banana - chocolate chip - pancakes - recipe - vegan - whole wheat meta: _edit_last: '1' author: login: sophie email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Pika first_name: '' last_name: '' ---
Nothing smells spells weekend like pancakes!
Unlike this recipe for single-serving Pumpkin Chocolate Chip Pancakes, (which are fluffy and delicious and pumpkin-y and chocolate-y but also makes a wee bit too much pancake for one petite person), these Choco-Banana recipe makes just 2 pancakes: perfect for a sweet breakfast treat: no more, no less.
Choco-Banana Pancakes for One
Serves 1! (Makes 2 pancakes)


The Wellbeing Support Service is not currently open; its hours are Monday to Thursday
8:30am to 5pm and Friday 8:30am until 4pm. You can still send us an enquiry, but it won't be
seen for some time.
If you require immediate emergency support, please contact Campus Security (who are
all qualified first aid responders) on 024 7652 2222
or internally on 22222.
Our Counselling service is also open until 8pm on Tuesdays and Thursdays.
}
To help us get your enquiry to the right team, please select the option that
best fits your needs:
@panel(Teams.Counselling, "Counselling for emotional or psychological issues", counsellingForm, controllers.enquiries.routes.EnquiryController.submitCounselling()) { implicit vfc =>
@b3.free('_label -> "Subject:") {
Counselling query
}(b3.inline.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider)
@b3.free('_label -> "Select any of the following that apply (or leave them all unticked if not)", '_class -> "checkboxGroup") {
@b3.checkbox(counsellingForm("faceToFace"), '_text -> "I'm interested in face-to-face counselling")(b3.clear.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider.messages)
@b3.checkbox(counsellingForm("therapy"), '_text -> "I'm interested in group therapy")(b3.clear.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider.messages)
@b3.checkbox(counsellingForm("online"), '_text -> "I'm interested in email counselling")(b3.clear.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider.messages)
@b3.checkbox(counsellingForm("other"), '_text -> "I’m interested in counselling but I’m not sure which option to select")(b3.clear.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider.messages)
}
}
@panel(Teams.Disability, "Support with disabilities such as dyslexia, mental health and autism spectrum", disabilityForm, controllers.enquiries.routes.EnquiryController.submitDisability()) { implicit vfc =>
@b3.free('_label -> "Subject:") {
Disability query
}(b3.inline.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider)
@b3.free('_label -> "Select any of the following that apply (or leave them all unticked if not)", '_class -> "checkboxGroup") {
@b3.checkbox(disabilityForm("reasonableAdjustments"), '_text -> "I'm looking for advice on reasonable adjustments (including special exam arrangements)")(b3.clear.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider.messages)
@b3.checkbox(disabilityForm("specialistMentoring"), '_text -> "I'm looking for specialist mentoring and advice on study skills")(b3.clear.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider.messages)
@b3.checkbox(disabilityForm("disabilityScreening"), '_text -> "I'm looking for screening for Specific Learning Difficulties (SpLDs) such as dyslexia")(b3.clear.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider.messages)
@b3.checkbox(disabilityForm("generalAdvice"), '_text -> "I'm looking for general advice and support on disability")(b3.clear.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider.messages)
}
@b3.free('_label -> "Do you have any documents you can upload that might help us understand your situation?", '_class -> disabilityForm.error("file").map(_ => "has-error")) {
@b3.errors(disabilityForm("file"))
}
}
@panel(Teams.WellbeingSupport, "Wellbeing Support (other issues)", wellbeingForm, controllers.enquiries.routes.EnquiryController.submitWellbeing()) { implicit vfc =>
If you’re looking for more general practical advice and support (e.g. issues such as
accommodation, safety, crime (including sexual violence), complaints or wellbeing),
briefly describe what help you need.
@b3.free('_label -> "Subject:") {
Wellbeing query
}(b3.inline.fieldConstructorSpecific(), messagesProvider)
@b3.textarea(wellbeingForm("text"),
'_label -> "Message",
'rows -> 10
)
@b3.free('_label -> "Do you have any documents you can upload that might help us understand your situation?", '_class -> wellbeingForm.error("file").map(_ => "has-error")) {
@b3.errors(wellbeingForm("file"))
}
}


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Moments
What is a 'Moment'?
A moment is an event from your life which you are adding to your your Liife timeline. A moment can be anything from the birth of a new baby to a dinner party, anything you want to remember. You can then choose to share these moments with others or keep them entirely private, it’s up to you. You can add comments and upload photos to Moments you have created, and also to Moments which have been shared with you.
How to create a new 'Moment'
How to add a photo to 'Moments'
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How to add a comment to a 'Moment'
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How to remove one of my 'Moments'
What file types and sizes I can upload?
We accept the file types jpeg, png, gif up to 4mb.
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How much cost to use 'Moments''s site
The Moments site is free to use, we do hope you enjoy using the site to share your important moments and store your memories.
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How to add a new friend to personal list
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How to invite friends to see one of my moments


Direct exposure to 2, 3, 7, 8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) increases infectivity of human erythrocytes to a malarial parasite.
Abstract
Direct exposure to 10 nM 2, 3, 7, 8-TCDD caused a 75 % increase and a 2-fold increase in the infectivity of isolated human erythrocytes to P. falciparum after 48 hours when the parasites were in an unsynchronized or synchronized state of growth, respectively. Treatment of human erythrocytes with 10 microM sodium orthovanadate (NaOV), an inhibitor of plasma membrane Ca-ATPase and phosphotyrosine phosphatase, decreased parasitemia by 30 %. Co-treatment of RBCs with TCDD and NaOV completely blocked the TCDD-induced increase in parasitemia. Because erythrocytes are anucleated, these results are discussed as evidence for biochemical changes by TCDD without requiring the activation of gene products.


"67% of people say they won't buy from brands that look un-professional." How much is your logo costing you?
An inconsistent brand is frustrating to use for everyone in your organization. We will help you get organized and establish brand guidelines to keep you on track.
We make this process easy and as stress-free as possible. You can be confident you’re getting a brand that works for you.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Suspendisse varius enim in eros elementum tristique. Duis cursus, mi quis viverra ornare, eros dolor interdum nulla, ut commodo diam libero vitae erat. Aenean faucibus nibh et justo cursus id rutrum lorem imperdiet. Nunc ut sem vitae risus tristique posuere.
We’ve taken our experience with creating engaging brand and narrowed
down the most impactful elements of our Designtific Method. We packed
these elements into a 2-week timeline that delivers amazing
results.
We will sent you a questionnaire that will dive into getting to
know your company and what you hope to achieve. This will help
us get prepared for our work day together?
Your team plus the Sodium Halogen team will share an intense day of workshop exercises to get to know even more about you company.
After our work day together the SH Team will compile a variety of images to capture what could be the personality or inspiration for your brand. You'll discuss what you think is effective or ineffective when it comes to your target audience.
Time to start creating! We will start creating and come up with ideas for your brand's look. This part of the process takes the longest because we are exploring many ideas and options and narrowing down what will be the most effective for you company.
We will take a look at your new brand together and decided between two finished logo designs. If needed, we can take this time to make any revisions to typography or color.
Once we've settled on a final design we start prepping all of your deliverables! We package up every logo file you may ever need. No more wondering what file that printer needs! We will also create a brand guidelines booklet to help keep your brand consistent and on track!
Strategy Workshop
2 Brand/Logo Concepts to Choose From
Final Logo Files (.eps, .png, .svg)
Brand Guidelines Booklet
Working with the Experts
One Great Brand
Over the days following the work day, the SH team will make any remaining changes to your new site. You’ll be updated of progress, and we’ll prepare for launch.
Over the days following the work day, the SH team will make any remaining changes to your new site. You’ll be updated of progress, and we’ll prepare for launch.
Over the days following the work day, the SH team will make any remaining changes to your new site. You’ll be updated of progress, and we’ll prepare for launch.
Over the days following the work day, the SH team will make any remaining changes to your new site. You’ll be updated of progress, and we’ll prepare for launch.


Last lesson we learned that when we write code in a browser it becomes a part of the global window object. Almost all the code we have written up until this point has been global. When something is global it means all code can access, change, and use it. This means we have to be very careful about creating anything that is global in scope so we don't accidentally do something we didn't intend.
When we create a variable inside of a function it can't be accessed from code outside of the function. Why? Because it's scope is local to that function, meaning it is invisible to any other code other than the other code inside of that function.


Use to provide the entity instance directly instead of obtaining it from backend.
Name of the entity being edited.
GraphQL query that retrieves the entity instance. Will be passed to Apollo Client useLazyQuery hook along with loadQueryOptions.
Options that will be passed to Apollo Client useLazyQuery hook along with loadQuery.
Generated using TypeDoc
An entity instance with a given
id
will be loaded from backend unless entityInstance is also provided.


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See: Description
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| ApplicationCacheErrorEvent |
A JavaScript object for
ApplicationCacheErrorEvent . |
| AudioProcessingEvent |
A JavaScript object for
AudioProcessingEvent . |
| BeforeInstallPromptEvent |
A JavaScript object for
BeforeInstallPromptEvent . |
| BeforeUnloadEvent |
JavaScript object representing the BeforeUnloadEvent.
|
| BlobEvent |
A JavaScript object for
BlobEvent . |
| ClipboardEvent |
A JavaScript object for
ClipboardEvent . |
| CloseEvent |
A JavaScript object for
CloseEvent . |
| CompositionEvent |
A JavaScript object for
CompositionEvent . |
| CustomEvent |
A JavaScript object for
CustomEvent . |
| DeviceLightEvent |
A JavaScript object for
DeviceLightEvent . |
| DeviceMotionEvent |
A JavaScript object for
DeviceMotionEvent . |
| DeviceOrientationEvent |
A JavaScript object for
DeviceOrientationEvent . |
| DeviceProximityEvent |
A JavaScript object for
DeviceProximityEvent . |
| DragEvent |
A JavaScript object for
DragEvent . |
| ErrorEvent |
A JavaScript object for
ErrorEvent . |
| Event |
JavaScript object representing an event that is passed into event handlers when they are
invoked.
|
| EventHandler |
Allows to wrap event handler code as Function object.
|
| EventListenersContainer |
Container for event listener.
|
| EventSource |
A JavaScript object for
EventSource . |
| EventTarget |
A JavaScript object for
EventTarget . |
| FocusEvent |
A JavaScript object for
FocusEvent . |
| GamepadEvent |
A JavaScript object for
GamepadEvent . |
| HashChangeEvent |
JavaScript object representing the HashChangeEvent.
|
| IDBVersionChangeEvent |
A JavaScript object for
IDBVersionChangeEvent . |
| InputEvent |
A JavaScript object for
InputEvent . |
| KeyboardEvent |
JavaScript object representing a Keyboard Event.
|
| MediaEncryptedEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MediaEncryptedEvent . |
| MediaKeyMessageEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MediaKeyMessageEvent . |
| MediaQueryListEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MediaQueryListEvent . |
| MediaStreamEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MediaStreamEvent . |
| MediaStreamTrackEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MediaStreamTrackEvent . |
| MessageEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MessageEvent . |
| MIDIConnectionEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MIDIConnectionEvent . |
| MIDIMessageEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MIDIMessageEvent . |
| MouseEvent |
JavaScript object representing a Mouse Event.
|
| MouseScrollEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MouseScrollEvent . |
| MouseWheelEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MouseWheelEvent . |
| MSGestureEvent |
A JavaScript object for
MSGestureEvent . |
| MutationEvent |
JavaScript object representing a Mutation Event.
|
| OfflineAudioCompletionEvent |
A JavaScript object for
OfflineAudioCompletionEvent . |
| PageTransitionEvent |
A JavaScript object for
PageTransitionEvent . |
| PointerEvent |
JavaScript object representing a
PointerEvent . |
| PopStateEvent |
A JavaScript object for
PopStateEvent . |
| PresentationConnectionAvailableEvent |
A JavaScript object for
PresentationConnectionAvailableEvent . |
| PresentationConnectionCloseEvent |
A JavaScript object for
PresentationConnectionCloseEvent . |
| ProgressEvent |
A JavaScript object for
ProgressEvent . |
| PromiseRejectionEvent |
A JavaScript object for
PromiseRejectionEvent . |
| RTCDataChannelEvent |
A JavaScript object for
RTCDataChannelEvent . |
| RTCPeerConnectionIceEvent |
A JavaScript object for
RTCPeerConnectionIceEvent . |
| SecurityPolicyViolationEvent |
A JavaScript object for
SecurityPolicyViolationEvent . |
| SpeechSynthesisEvent |
A JavaScript object for
SpeechSynthesisEvent . |
| StorageEvent |
A JavaScript object for
StorageEvent . |
| SVGZoomEvent |
A JavaScript object for
SVGZoomEvent . |
| TextEvent |
A JavaScript object for
TextEvent . |
| TimeEvent |
A JavaScript object for
TimeEvent . |
| TouchEvent |
A JavaScript object for
TouchEvent . |
| TrackEvent |
A JavaScript object for
TrackEvent . |
| TransitionEvent |
A JavaScript object for
TransitionEvent . |
| UIEvent |
JavaScript object representing a UI event.
|
| UserProximityEvent |
A JavaScript object for
UserProximityEvent . |
| WebGLContextEvent |
A JavaScript object for
WebGLContextEvent . |
| WebkitSpeechRecognitionError |
A JavaScript object for
webkitSpeechRecognitionError . |
| WebkitSpeechRecognitionEvent |
A JavaScript object for
webkitSpeechRecognitionEvent . |
| WheelEvent |
A JavaScript object for
WheelEvent . |
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This book is designed especially for the literary student of English, and provides a single compact grammar primarily concerned with Classical Old English, rather than the other Old English dialects. The book takes a descriptive approach and avoids assuming a knowledge of Germanic philology. The introduction provides a minimum background of knowledge and indicates the kinds of evidence on which the grammatical description is based.
A Grammar of Old English, Volume II: Morphology completes Richard M. Hogg's two-volume analysis of the sounds and grammatical forms of the Old English language. Incorporates insights derived from the latest theoretical and technological advances, which post-date most Old English grammars Utilizes the databases of the Toronto Dictionary of Old English project - a digital corpus comprising at least one copy of each text surviving in Old English Features separation of diachronic and synchronic considerations in the sometimes complicated analysis of Old English noun morphology Includes extensive bibliographical coverage of Old English morphology
First published in 1992, A Grammar of Old English, Volume 1: Phonology was a landmark publication that in the intervening years has not been surpassed in its depth of scholarship and usefulness to the field. With the 2011 posthumous publication of Richard M. Hogg’s Volume 2: Morphology, Volume 1 is again in print, now in paperback, so that scholars can own this complete work. Takes account of major developments both in the field of Old English studies and in linguistic theory Takes full advantage of the Dictionary of Old English project at Toronto, and includes full cross-references to the DOE data Fully utilizes work in phonemic and generative theory and related topics Provides material crucial for future research both in diachronic and synchronic phonology and in historical sociolinguistics
Excerpt from An Old English Grammar The Alphabet. Pronunciation of Vowels and Consonants. Accentua tion. Formation of Consonants and Vowels. The Syllable. About the Publisher Forgotten Books publishes hundreds of thousands of rare and classic books. Find more at www.forgottenbooks.com This book is a reproduction of an important historical work. Forgotten Books uses state-of-the-art technology to digitally reconstruct the work, preserving the original format whilst repairing imperfections present in the aged copy. In rare cases, an imperfection in the original, such as a blemish or missing page, may be replicated in our edition. We do, however, repair the vast majority of imperfections successfully; any imperfections that remain are intentionally left to preserve the state of such historical works.
This work has been selected by scholars as being culturally important and is part of the knowledge base of civilization as we know it. This work is in the public domain in the United States of America, and possibly other nations. Within the United States, you may freely copy and distribute this work, as no entity (individual or corporate) has a copyright on the body of the work. Scholars believe, and we concur, that this work is important enough to be preserved, reproduced, and made generally available to the public. To ensure a quality reading experience, this work has been proofread and republished using a format that seamlessly blends the original graphical elements with text in an easy-to-read typeface. We appreciate your support of the preservation process, and thank you for being an important part of keeping this knowledge alive and relevant.
Originally published in 1897, this early works is a fascinating novel of the period and still an interesting read today. Contents include; The function of Latin, Chansons De Geste, The Matter of Britain, Antiquity in Romance, The making of English and the settlement of European Prosody, Middle High German Poetry, The 'Fox, ' The 'Rose, ' and the minor Contributions of France, Icelandic and Provencal, The Literature of the Peninsulas, and Conclusion..... Many of the earliest books, particularly those dating back to the 1900's and before, are now extremely scarce and increasingly expensive. We are republishing these classic works in affordable, high quality, modern editions, using the original text and artwor


--- title: Title keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar ---
from fastai2.vision.models.xresnet import *
from torchvision.models import resnet50
from fast_impl.core import *
arch_summary
function plays major role while deciding parameter groups for discriminative learning rates. It gives a brief summary of architecture and is independant of input being passed. Thus we could use this function to understand architecture in a glance. We'll briefly explore various vision models from torchvision and pytorch-image-models to understand the use of arch_summary
Let's first quickly go through XResNet
series offered by fastai2
def xresnet18 (pretrained=False, **kwargs): return _xresnet(pretrained, 1, [2, 2, 2, 2], **kwargs)
arch_summary(xresnet18)
Look at the Sequential layers from 4-7 all having two child layers, that's the meaning of [2,2,2,2]
in the model definition. Let's go deeper and check what are these two children
arch_summary(xresnet18,verbose=True)
hmm... those are indeed ResBlocks
, but what is ResBlock
? Often it's good idea to print out model specific blocks, as sometimes, no. of input/output channels is the novelty of it (eg. WideResnet). We can use our get_module
method for this which requires you to pass in list of indices to reach that block.
get_module(xresnet18,[4,0])
According to ResNet, we should have two weight layers, an identity (skip-connection) block and activation (ReLU), which is exactly ResBlock
implements, with many tweaks introduced in the following years to improve the performance. A ConvLayer
in fastai is Conv2D --> BatchNorm --> activation (ReLU). For the other variants of xresnet, we'll have exact same architecture but with more "groups" of ResBlock
, such as
def xresnet34 (pretrained=False, **kwargs): return _xresnet(pretrained, 1, [3, 4, 6, 3], **kwargs)
def xresnet50 (pretrained=False, **kwargs): return _xresnet(pretrained, 4, [3, 4, 6, 3], **kwargs)
def xresnet101(pretrained=False, **kwargs): return _xresnet(pretrained, 4, [3, 4, 23, 3], **kwargs)
def xresnet152(pretrained=False, **kwargs): return _xresnet(pretrained, 4, [3, 8, 36, 3], **kwargs)
xresnet34
will have 4 groups having [3, 4, 6, 3]
no. of ResBlocks
and so on. We do get other variants of these base architecutures but as they're still experimental, I'll skip them for now. Now let's have a look at some architectures from torchvision.
from torchvision.models import MNASNet
mnasnet = MNASNet(1.0)
First 7 layers are stem of the network while 8 to 13 seems like some specific blocks of this architecture.
arch_summary(mnasnet,0)
arch_summary(mnasnet,[0,8])
Yup, they're InvertedResidual
blocks. Let's find out what is InvertedResidualBlock
get_module(mnasnet,[0,8,0])
{% include image.html alt="Inverted Residual" style="width:50%;" file="/fast_impl/images/inverted_residual.png" %}
If you spot the difference, Residual Blocks have a fat input block being shrunk down before performing actual 3 × 3 convolution whereas inverted residuals have exact opposite picture.
A compact input block is first expanded, the convolution op is performed and again that block is compressed back to a compact version.
from torchvision.models import wide_resnet50_2
arch_summary(wide_resnet50_2)
If you look at the sequential layers, they do have no. of children exact similar to resnet50
, while the key difference here is no. of input and output channels of their special block. Let's figure out what it is
arch_summary(wide_resnet50_2,[4])
You can also use the module names listed above to get required module, but you might need to take care of instantiating an object
arch_summary(wide_resnet50_2().layer1)
As discussed earlier, we'll be using get_module
to find exact definition of Bottleneck
block
get_module(wide_resnet50_2,[4,0])
Let's compare it with original resnet50
. The idea proposed by WideResnet
was having more channels in the bottleneck layers to exploit the parallelism offered by GPUs. Thus wideresnets take lesser time to train and to reach the error rate achieved by resnets.
get_module(resnet50,[4,0])


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Seq2Seq (PyTorch)¶
Seq2seq with attention mechanism is a basic model for single turn dialog. In addition, batch normalization and dropout has been applied. You can also choose beamsearch, greedy, random sample, random sample from top k when decoding.
You can refer to the following paper for details:
Sutskever, I., Vinyals, O., & Le, Q. V. (2014). Sequence to sequence learning with neural networks. In Advances in neural information processing systems (pp. 3104-3112).
Bahdanau, D., Cho, K., & Bengio, Y. (2015). Neural machine translation by jointly learning to align and translate. In International Conference on Learning Representation.
Require Packages¶
- python3
- cotk
- pytorch == 1.0.0
- tensorboardX >= 1.4
Quick Start¶
- Using
cotk download thu-coai/seq2seq-pytorch/master
to download codes. - Execute
python run.py
to train the model.- The default dataset is
OpenSubtitles
. You can use--dataset
to specify otherdataloader
class and--datapath
to specify other data path (can be a local path, a url or a resources id). For example:--dataset OpenSubtitles --datapath resources://OpenSubtitles
- It doesn’t use pretrained word vector by default setting. You can use
--wvclass
to specifywordvector
class and--wvpath
to specify pretrained word embeddings. For example:--wvclass gloves
. For example:--dataset Glove --datapath resources://Glove300
- If you don’t have GPUs, you can add
--cpu
for switching to CPU, but it may cost very long time for either training or test.
- The default dataset is
- You can view training process by tensorboard, the log is at
./tensorboard
.- For example,
tensorboard --logdir=./tensorboard
. (You have to install tensorboard first.)
- For example,
- After training, execute
python run.py --mode test --restore best
for test.- You can use
--restore filename
to specify checkpoints files, which are in./model
. For example:--restore pretrained-opensubtitles
for loading./model/pretrained-opensubtitles.model
--restore last
means last checkpoint,--restore best
means best checkpoints on dev.--restore NAME_last
means last checkpoint with model named NAME. The same as--restore NAME_best
.
- You can use
- Find results at
./output
.
Arguments¶
usage: run.py [-h] [--name NAME] [--restore RESTORE] [--mode MODE]
[--eh_size EH_SIZE] [--dh_size DH_SIZE] [--droprate DROPRATE]
[--batchnorm] [--decode_mode {max,sample,gumbel,samplek,beam}]
[--top_k TOP_K] [--length_penalty LENGTH_PENALTY]
[--dataset DATASET] [--datapath DATAPATH] [--epoch EPOCH]
[--wvclass WVCLASS] [--wvpath WVPATH] [--out_dir OUT_DIR]
[--log_dir LOG_DIR] [--model_dir MODEL_DIR]
[--cache_dir CACHE_DIR] [--cpu] [--debug] [--cache]
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
--name NAME The name of your model, used for tensorboard, etc.
Default: runXXXXXX_XXXXXX (initialized by current
time)
--restore RESTORE Checkpoints name to load. "NAME_last" for the last
checkpoint of model named NAME. "NAME_best" means the
best checkpoint. You can also use "last" and "best",
defaultly use last model you run. Attention:
"NAME_last" and "NAME_best" are not guaranteed to work
when 2 models with same name run in the same time.
"last" and "best" are not guaranteed to work when 2
models run in the same time. Default: None (dont load
anything)
--mode MODE "train" or "test". Default: train
--eh_size EH_SIZE Size of encoder GRU
--dh_size DH_SIZE Size of decoder GRU
--droprate DROPRATE The probability to be zerod in dropout. 0 indicates
for dont use dropout
--batchnorm Use bathnorm
--decode_mode {max,sample,gumbel,samplek,beam}
The decode strategy when freerun. Choices: max,
sample, gumbel(=sample), samplek(sample from topk),
beam(beamsearch). Default: beam
--top_k TOP_K The top_k when decode_mode == "beam" or "samplek"
--length_penalty LENGTH_PENALTY
The beamsearch penalty for short sentences. The
penalty will get larger when this becomes smaller.
--dataset DATASET Dataloader class. Default: OpenSubtitles
--datapath DATAPATH Directory for data set. Default: ./data
--epoch EPOCH Epoch for trainning. Default: 100
--wvclass WVCLASS Wordvector class, none for not using pretrained
wordvec. Default: Glove
--wvpath WVPATH Directory for pretrained wordvector. Default:
./wordvec
--out_dir OUT_DIR Output directory for test output. Default: ./output
--log_dir LOG_DIR Log directory for tensorboard. Default: ./tensorboard
--model_dir MODEL_DIR Checkpoints directory for model. Default: ./model
--cache_dir CACHE_DIR Checkpoints directory for cache. Default: ./cache
--cpu Use cpu.
--debug Enter debug mode (using ptvsd).
--cache Use cache for speeding up load data and wordvec. (It
may cause problems when you switch dataset.)
TensorBoard Example¶
Execute tensorboard --logdir=./tensorboard
, you will see the plot in tensorboard pages:
Following plot are shown in this model:
- gen/loss (
gen
means training process) - gen/perplexity (
=exp(gen/word_loss)
) - gen/word_loss (
=gen/loss
in this model) - dev/loss
- dev/perplexity_avg_on_batch
- test/loss
- test/perplexity_avg_on_batch
And text output:
Following text are shown in this model:
- args
- dev/show_str%d (
%d
is according toargs.show_sample
inrun.py
)
Case Study of Model Results¶
Execute python run.py --mode test --restore best
The following output will be in ./output/[name]_[dev|test].txt
:
perplexity: 48.194050
bleu: 0.320098
post: my name is josie .
resp: <unk> <unk> , pennsylvania , the <unk> state .
gen: i' m a teacher .
post: i put premium gasoline in her .
resp: josie , i told you .
gen: i don' t know .
post: josie , dont hang up
resp: they do it to aii the new kids .
gen: aii right , you guys , you know what ?
post: about playing a part .
resp: and thats the theme of as you like it .
gen: i don' t know .
......
Experiment¶
Subset Experiment¶
Based on OpenSubtitles_small
(a smaller version of OpenSubtitles
), we did the following experiments.
| encoder | decoder | batchnorm | learning rate | droprate | decode mode | dev perplexity | test perplexity |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 175 | 175 | no | 0.0001 | 0.2 | samplek | 88.971 | 94.698 |
| 128 | 128 | no | 0.0001 | 0 | samplek | 95.207 | 100.676 |
| 128 | 128 | no | 0.0001 | 0.2 | samplek | 93.559 | 99.287 |
| 128 | 128 | yes | 0.0001 | 0 | samplek | 105.649 | 112.818 |
| 128 | 128 | yes | 0.0001 | 0.2 | samplek | 95.894 | 102.243 |
| 150 | 150 | no | 0.0001 | 0.2 | samplek | 90.153 | 95.072 |
| 256 | 256 | no | 0.0001 | 0.2 | samplek | 89.374 | 94.272 |
| 175 | 175 | no | 0.0001 | 0.2 | beam | 89.253 | 93.674 |
| 175 | 175 | yes | 0.0001 | 0.2 | samplek | 97.704 | 102.851 |
| 175 | 175 | no | 0.0001 | 0.1 | samplek | 90.149 | 95.310 |
| 175 | 175 | no | 0.0001 | 0.3 | samplek | 89.750 | 95.042 |
| 175 | 175 | no | 0.0005 | 0.2 | samplek | 88.688 | 93.421 |
We can consider the parameters used in the first experiment are relatively best.
To reproduce the best experiment, you should use cotk
to load the dataset OpenSubtitles_small
first. After that, run the following command to train the model:
python run.py --dataset=OpenSubtitles --datapath resources://OpenSubtitles_small --eh_size 175 --dh_size 175 --decode_mode samplek --droprate 0.2 --epoch 35 --lr 0.0001
Based on the best parameters, we did another five experiments in order to analyze the model’s performance totally.
| seed | dev perplexity | test perplexity | dev bleu | test bleu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 7913 | 89.12259358 | 93.89827661 | 0.00324 | 0.00282 |
| 1640 | 88.22384772 | 94.01863079 | 0.00451 | 0.00413 |
| 3739 | 87.96875635 | 92.73027066 | 0.00237 | 0.00215 |
| 972 | 88.08311415 | 93.51499326 | 0.00299 | 0.00234 |
| 3594 | 87.93255996 | 94.25819365 | 0.00422 | 0.00344 |
| Average | 88.26617435 | 93.68407299 | 0.00347 | 0.00298 |
| Standard deviation | 0.440116463 | 0.533995032 | 0.000792 | 0.000729 |
Run the following command to test the trained model:
python run.py --dataset=OpenSubtitles --datapath resources://OpenSubtitles_small --eh_size 175 --dh_size 175 --decode_mode samplek --droprate 0.2 --epoch 35 --mode test --restore [model name] --seed [seed value]
Universal set experiment¶
Based on the result of subset experiment, we did the following experiment on OpenSubtitles
| Parameters | Value |
|---|---|
| encoder | 256 |
| decoder | 256 |
| batchnorm | no |
| learning rate | 0.0003 |
| droprate | 0.2 |
| epoch | 200 |
| seed | 0 |
| decode mode | dev perplexity | test perplexity | dev bleu | test bleu |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| samplek | 42.331 | 44.904 | 0.00324 | 0.00282 |
| beam | 41.457 | 43.868 | 0.0115 | 0.0104 |
To reproduce the best experiment, you should use cotk
to load the dataset OpenSubtitles
first. After that, run the following command to train the model:
python run.py --dataset=OpenSubtitles --datapath resources://OpenSubtitles --eh_size 256 --dh_size 256 --decode_mode [decode mode] --droprate 0.2 --lr 0.0003 --epoch 200
Run the following command to test the trained model:
python run.py --dataset=OpenSubtitles --datapath resources://OpenSubtitles --eh_size 256 --dh_size 256 --decode_mode [decode mode] --droprate 0.2 --lr 0.0003 --epoch 200 --mode test --restore best
Performance¶
| Perplexity | BLEU | |
|---|---|---|
| OpenSubtitles | 51.45 | 0.165 |


| AggregateTernarySPInstruction |
| AggregateUnarySPInstruction |
| AppendGAlignedSPInstruction |
| AppendGSPInstruction |
| AppendMSPInstruction |
| AppendRSPInstruction |
| BinarySPInstruction |
| BinUaggChainSPInstruction |
| BuiltinNarySPInstruction |
| CastSPInstruction |
| CentralMomentSPInstruction |
| CheckpointSPInstruction |
| CompressionSPInstruction |
| ComputationSPInstruction |
| CovarianceSPInstruction |
| CpmmSPInstruction
Cpmm: cross-product matrix multiplication operation (distributed matrix multiply
by join over common dimension and subsequent aggregation of partial results).
|
| CSVReblockSPInstruction |
| CtableSPInstruction |
| CumulativeAggregateSPInstruction |
| CumulativeOffsetSPInstruction |
| DeCompressionSPInstruction |
| DnnSPInstruction |
| IndexingSPInstruction
This class implements the matrix indexing functionality inside Spark.
|
| MapmmChainSPInstruction |
| MapmmSPInstruction |
| MatrixReshapeSPInstruction |
| MultiReturnParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction |
| ParameterizedBuiltinSPInstruction |
| PMapmmSPInstruction
This pmapmm matrix multiplication instruction is still experimental
not integrated in automatic operator selection yet.
|
| PmmSPInstruction |
| QuantilePickSPInstruction |
| QuantileSortSPInstruction
This class supports two variants of sort operation on a 1-dimensional input matrix.
|
| QuaternarySPInstruction |
| RandSPInstruction |
| ReblockSPInstruction |
| ReorgSPInstruction |
| RmmSPInstruction |
| SPInstruction |
| SPInstruction.SPType |
| SpoofSPInstruction |
| TernarySPInstruction |
| Tsmm2SPInstruction |
| TsmmSPInstruction |
| UaggOuterChainSPInstruction
Two types of broadcast variables used -- 1.
|
| UnaryFrameSPInstruction |
| UnarySPInstruction |
| WriteSPInstruction |
| ZipmmSPInstruction |


State of SVG and Canvas in Modern Browsers
By: Alastair Tse - Last Updated: 15 March 2006
My friends, just like HTML and CSS, different browsers support different subsections of the SVG and Canvas specification. As part of my work on PlotKit, the next generation javascript plotting library, I've decided to summarise all the quirks in SVG and Canvas support.
Browsers Considered
I am looking at browsers that are considered "modern" as of March 2006. These include:
- Safari 2.0.x (W/ Adobe SVG Plugin)
- Firefox 1.5.x
- Opera 9.0 Preview 2
- Internet Explorer 6 (w/ Adobe SVG Plugin)
I am also looking at some experiemental browsers as of March 2006.
Canvas
- Canvas is defined by the WHATWG in what is known as the Web Applications 1.0 specification
Supporting Browsers
- Safari 2.0 and above.
- Opera 9.0 and above.
- Firefox 1.5 and above.
Quirks
-
Safari will forget a path after
fill()
orstroke()
has been called. Therefore, if you need to fill and stroke the same path, you must draw the path out twice.
path, you must draw the path out twice.
Opera will not obey
stroke()
for arc paths.Firefox and Opera will not draw shadows even with
shadowStyle
orshadowOffset
is set on the context object.
SVG
- SVG support is either provided natively, or through the Adobe SVG Viewer (ASV).
Supporting Browsers (Inline)
- Safari 2.0 + ASV
- Internet Explorer 6 + ASV
- Safari Webkit+SVG Nightly
- Opera 9.0 and above
- Mozilla Firefox 1.5 and above
Quirks (Inline)
Safari Nightly will not render any
text
elements when inlined. (Will do so if usingembed
)Safari 2.0 + ASV will not respect inlined SVG.
Internet Explorer 6 + ASV will only parse inlined SVG if the following is added to the HTML and all SVG elements are in the correct namespace
svg:
.
following is added to the HTML and all SVG elements are in the
correct namespace svg:
.
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" xml:lang="en" lang="en"
xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg"
xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink">
...
<body>
<!-- START Required for IE to support inlined SVG -->
<object id="AdobeSVG"
classid="clsid:78156a80-c6a1-4bbf-8e6a-3cd390eeb4e2" width="1"
height="1"></object>
<?import namespace="svg" implementation="#AdobeSVG"?>
<!-- END Required for IE to support inlined SVG -->
<svg:svg width="300" height="300" baseProfile="full" version="1.1"></svg:svg>
</body>
</html>
Mozilla Firefox (1.5 and nightly) on Mac will not render
text
elements when inlined. Note that it does for Linux and Windows.Opera 9 will refuse to draw an element if attribute
filter
is defined.Internet Explorer 7 will not work with the Adobe SVG Viewer. Also, it's native SVG renderer does not work with inline content either.
Viewer. Also, it's native SVG renderer does not work with inline content either.
Disclaimer
The above is presented as-is with my own findings. There may be errors. Please do not use this to base your multi-million dollar business decisions.
Contact
If you have anything to add or modify, please contact me at alastair@liquidx.net.


List implements the cookiejar.PublicSuffixList interface by calling the PublicSuffix function.
var List cookiejar.PublicSuffixList = list{}
func EffectiveTLDPlusOne(domain string) (string, error)
EffectiveTLDPlusOne returns the effective top level domain plus one more label. For example, the eTLD+1 for "foo.bar.golang.org" is "golang.org".
func PublicSuffix(domain string) (publicSuffix string, icann bool)
PublicSuffix returns the public suffix of the domain using a copy of the publicsuffix.org database compiled into the library.
icann is whether the public suffix is managed by the Internet Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers. If not, the public suffix is either a privately managed domain (and in practice, not a top level domain) or an unmanaged top level domain (and not explicitly mentioned in the publicsuffix.org list). For example, "foo.org" and "foo.co.uk" are ICANN domains, "foo.dyndns.org" and "foo.blogspot.co.uk" are private domains and "cromulent" is an unmanaged top level domain.
Use cases for distinguishing ICANN domains like "foo.com" from private domains like "foo.appspot.com" can be found at https://wiki.mozilla.org/Public_Suffix_List/Use_Cases