public final class URI extends Object implements Comparable<URI>, Serializable
Aside from some minor deviations noted below, an instance of this class represents a URI reference as defined by RFC 2396: Uniform Resource Identifiers (URI): Generic Syntax, amended by RFC 2732: Format for Literal IPv6 Addresses in URLs. The Literal IPv6 address format also supports scope_ids. The syntax and usage of scope_ids is described here. This class provides constructors for creating URI instances from their components or by parsing their string forms, methods for accessing the various components of an instance, and methods for normalizing, resolving, and relativizing URI instances. Instances of this class are immutable.
[schemewhere square brackets [...] delineate optional components and the characters:
]scheme-specific-part[#
fragment]
:
and #
stand for themselves.
 URIs are also classified according to whether they are opaque or hierarchical.
An opaque URI is an absolute URI whose scheme-specific part does
not begin with a slash character ('/'
). Opaque URIs are not
subject to further parsing. Some examples of opaque URIs are:
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>news:comp.lang.java
urn:isbn:096139210x
A hierarchical URI is either an absolute URI whose scheme-specific part begins with a slash character, or a relative URI, that is, a URI that does not specify a scheme. Some examples of hierarchical URIs are:
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/
docs/guide/collections/designfaq.html#28
../../../demo/jfc/SwingSet2/src/SwingSet2.java
file:///~/calendar
A hierarchical URI is subject to further parsing according to the syntax
[schemewhere the characters:
][//
authority][path][?
query][#
fragment]
:
, /
,
?
, and #
stand for themselves. The
scheme-specific part of a hierarchical URI consists of the characters
between the scheme and fragment components.
The authority component of a hierarchical URI is, if specified, either server-based or registry-based. A server-based authority parses according to the familiar syntax
[user-infowhere the characters@
]host[:
port]
@
and :
stand for
themselves. Nearly all URI schemes currently in use are server-based. An
authority component that does not parse in this way is considered to be
registry-based.
The path component of a hierarchical URI is itself said to be absolute
if it begins with a slash character ('/'
); otherwise it is
relative. The path of a hierarchical URI that is either absolute or
specifies an authority is always absolute.
All told, then, a URI instance has the following nine components:
In a given instance any particular component is either undefined or defined with a distinct value. Undefined string components are represented by
Component Type scheme String
scheme-specific-part String
authority String
user-info String
host String
port int
path String
query String
fragment String
null
, while undefined integer components are
represented by -1
. A string component may be defined to have the
empty string as its value; this is not equivalent to that component being
undefined.
Whether a particular component is or is not defined in an instance depends upon the type of the URI being represented. An absolute URI has a scheme component. An opaque URI has a scheme, a scheme-specific part, and possibly a fragment, but has no other components. A hierarchical URI always has a path (though it may be empty) and a scheme-specific-part (which at least contains the path), and may have any of the other components. If the authority component is present and is server-based then the host component will be defined and the user-information and port components may be defined.
Normalization is the process of removing unnecessary "."
and ".."
segments from the path component of a hierarchical URI.
Each "."
segment is simply removed. A ".."
segment is
removed only if it is preceded by a non-".."
segment.
Normalization has no effect upon opaque URIs.
Resolution is the process of resolving one URI against another, base URI. The resulting URI is constructed from components of both URIs in the manner specified by RFC 2396, taking components from the base URI for those not specified in the original. For hierarchical URIs, the path of the original is resolved against the path of the base and then normalized. The result, for example, of resolving
docs/guide/collections/designfaq.html#28
(1)
against the base URI http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/
is the result
URI
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.3/docs/guide/collections/designfaq.html#28
Resolving the relative URI
../../../demo/jfc/SwingSet2/src/SwingSet2.java
(2)
against this result yields, in turn,
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3/demo/jfc/SwingSet2/src/SwingSet2.java
Resolution of both absolute and relative URIs, and of both absolute and
relative paths in the case of hierarchical URIs, is supported. Resolving
the URI file:///~calendar
against any other URI simply yields the
original URI, since it is absolute. Resolving the relative URI (2) above
against the relative base URI (1) yields the normalized, but still relative,
URI
demo/jfc/SwingSet2/src/SwingSet2.java
Relativization, finally, is the inverse of resolution: For any two normalized URIs u and v,
uThis operation is often useful when constructing a document containing URIs that must be made relative to the base URI of the document wherever possible. For example, relativizing the URI.relativize(
u.resolve(
v)).equals(
v)
and
u.resolve(
u.relativize(
v)).equals(
v)
.
https://docs.oracle.com/javase/1.3/docs/guide/index.html
against the base URI
http://java.sun.com/j2se/1.3
yields the relative URI docs/guide/index.html
.
alpha The US-ASCII alphabetic characters, 'A'
through'Z'
and'a'
through'z'
digit The US-ASCII decimal digit characters, '0'
through'9'
alphanum All alpha and digit characters unreserved All alphanum characters together with those in the string "_-!.~'()*"
punct The characters in the string ",;:$&+="
reserved All punct characters together with those in the string "?/[]@"
escaped Escaped octets, that is, triplets consisting of the percent character ( '%'
) followed by two hexadecimal digits ('0'
-'9'
,'A'
-'F'
, and'a'
-'f'
)other The Unicode characters that are not in the US-ASCII character set, are not control characters (according to the Character.isISOControl
method), and are not space characters (according to theCharacter.isSpaceChar
method) (Deviation from RFC 2396, which is limited to US-ASCII)
The set of all legal URI characters consists of the unreserved, reserved, escaped, and other characters.
To encode non-US-ASCII characters when a URI is required to conform strictly to RFC 2396 by not containing any other characters.
To quote characters that are otherwise illegal in a component. The user-info, path, query, and fragment components differ slightly in terms of which characters are considered legal and illegal.
A character is encoded by replacing it
with the sequence of escaped octets that represent that character in the
UTF-8 character set. The Euro currency symbol ('\u20AC'
),
for example, is encoded as "%E2%82%AC"
. (Deviation from
RFC 2396, which does not specify any particular character
set.)
An illegal character is quoted simply by
encoding it. The space character, for example, is quoted by replacing it
with "%20"
. UTF-8 contains US-ASCII, hence for US-ASCII
characters this transformation has exactly the effect required by
RFC 2396.
A sequence of escaped octets is decoded by
replacing it with the sequence of characters that it represents in the
UTF-8 character set. UTF-8 contains US-ASCII, hence decoding has the
effect of de-quoting any quoted US-ASCII characters as well as that of
decoding any encoded non-US-ASCII characters. If a decoding error occurs
when decoding the escaped octets then the erroneous octets are replaced by
'\uFFFD'
, the Unicode replacement character.
The single-argument constructor requires any illegal characters in its argument to be quoted and preserves any escaped octets and other characters that are present.
The multi-argument constructors quote illegal characters as
required by the components in which they appear. The percent character
('%'
) is always quoted by these constructors. Any other
characters are preserved.
The getRawUserInfo
, getRawPath
, getRawQuery
, getRawFragment
, getRawAuthority
, and getRawSchemeSpecificPart
methods return the
values of their corresponding components in raw form, without interpreting
any escaped octets. The strings returned by these methods may contain
both escaped octets and other characters, and will not contain any
illegal characters.
The getUserInfo
, getPath
, getQuery
, getFragment
, getAuthority
, and getSchemeSpecificPart
methods decode any escaped
octets in their corresponding components. The strings returned by these
methods may contain both other characters and illegal characters,
and will not contain any escaped octets.
The toString
method returns a URI string with
all necessary quotation but which may contain other characters.
The toASCIIString
method returns a fully
quoted and encoded URI string that does not contain any other
characters.
For any URI u that does not contain redundant syntax such as two slashes before an empty authority (as innew URI(
u.toString()).equals(
u)
.
file:///tmp/
) or a
colon following a host name but no port (as in
http://java.sun.com:
), and that does not encode characters
except those that must be quoted, the following identities also hold:
new URI(u.getScheme(), u.getSchemeSpecificPart(), u.getFragment()) .equals(u)in all cases,
new URI(u.getScheme(), u.getUserInfo(), u.getAuthority(), u.getPath(), u.getQuery(), u.getFragment()) .equals(u)if u is hierarchical, and
new URI(u.getScheme(), u.getUserInfo(), u.getHost(), u.getPort(), u.getPath(), u.getQuery(), u.getFragment()) .equals(u)if u is hierarchical and has either no authority or a server-based authority.
mailto
, news
, and
isbn
URIs shown above are examples of URNs.
The conceptual distinction between URIs and URLs is reflected in the
differences between this class and the URL
class.
An instance of this class represents a URI reference in the syntactic sense defined by RFC 2396. A URI may be either absolute or relative. A URI string is parsed according to the generic syntax without regard to the scheme, if any, that it specifies. No lookup of the host, if any, is performed, and no scheme-dependent stream handler is constructed. Equality, hashing, and comparison are defined strictly in terms of the character content of the instance. In other words, a URI instance is little more than a structured string that supports the syntactic, scheme-independent operations of comparison, normalization, resolution, and relativization.
An instance of the URL
class, by contrast, represents the
syntactic components of a URL together with some of the information required
to access the resource that it describes. A URL must be absolute, that is,
it must always specify a scheme. A URL string is parsed according to its
scheme. A stream handler is always established for a URL, and in fact it is
impossible to create a URL instance for a scheme for which no handler is
available. Equality and hashing depend upon both the scheme and the
Internet address of the host, if any; comparison is not defined. In other
words, a URL is a structured string that supports the syntactic operation of
resolution as well as the network I/O operations of looking up the host and
opening a connection to the specified resource.
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
URI(String str)
Constructs a URI by parsing the given string.
|
URI(String scheme,
String ssp,
String fragment)
Constructs a URI from the given components.
|
URI(String scheme,
String userInfo,
String host,
int port,
String path,
String query,
String fragment)
Constructs a hierarchical URI from the given components.
|
URI(String scheme,
String host,
String path,
String fragment)
Constructs a hierarchical URI from the given components.
|
URI(String scheme,
String authority,
String path,
String query,
String fragment)
Constructs a hierarchical URI from the given components.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
int |
compareTo(URI that)
Compares this URI to another object, which must be a URI.
|
static URI |
create(String str)
Creates a URI by parsing the given string.
|
boolean |
equals(Object ob)
Tests this URI for equality with another object.
|
String |
getAuthority()
Returns the decoded authority component of this URI.
|
String |
getFragment()
Returns the decoded fragment component of this URI.
|
String |
getHost()
Returns the host component of this URI.
|
String |
getPath()
Returns the decoded path component of this URI.
|
int |
getPort()
Returns the port number of this URI.
|
String |
getQuery()
Returns the decoded query component of this URI.
|
String |
getRawAuthority()
Returns the raw authority component of this URI.
|
String |
getRawFragment()
Returns the raw fragment component of this URI.
|
String |
getRawPath()
Returns the raw path component of this URI.
|
String |
getRawQuery()
Returns the raw query component of this URI.
|
String |
getRawSchemeSpecificPart()
Returns the raw scheme-specific part of this URI.
|
String |
getRawUserInfo()
Returns the raw user-information component of this URI.
|
String |
getScheme()
Returns the scheme component of this URI.
|
String |
getSchemeSpecificPart()
Returns the decoded scheme-specific part of this URI.
|
String |
getUserInfo()
Returns the decoded user-information component of this URI.
|
int |
hashCode()
Returns a hash-code value for this URI.
|
boolean |
isAbsolute()
Tells whether or not this URI is absolute.
|
boolean |
isOpaque()
Tells whether or not this URI is opaque.
|
URI |
normalize()
Normalizes this URI's path.
|
URI |
parseServerAuthority()
Attempts to parse this URI's authority component, if defined, into
user-information, host, and port components.
|
URI |
relativize(URI uri)
Relativizes the given URI against this URI.
|
URI |
resolve(String str)
Constructs a new URI by parsing the given string and then resolving it
against this URI.
|
URI |
resolve(URI uri)
Resolves the given URI against this URI.
|
String |
toASCIIString()
Returns the content of this URI as a US-ASCII string.
|
String |
toString()
Returns the content of this URI as a string.
|
URL |
toURL()
Constructs a URL from this URI.
|
public URI(String str) throws URISyntaxException
This constructor parses the given string exactly as specified by the grammar in RFC 2396, Appendix A, except for the following deviations:
An empty authority component is permitted as long as it is
followed by a non-empty path, a query component, or a fragment
component. This allows the parsing of URIs such as
"file:///foo/bar"
, which seems to be the intent of
RFC 2396 although the grammar does not permit it. If the
authority component is empty then the user-information, host, and port
components are undefined.
Empty relative paths are permitted; this seems to be the
intent of RFC 2396 although the grammar does not permit it. The
primary consequence of this deviation is that a standalone fragment
such as "#foo"
parses as a relative URI with an empty path
and the given fragment, and can be usefully resolved against a base URI.
IPv4 addresses in host components are parsed rigorously, as specified by RFC 2732: Each element of a dotted-quad address must contain no more than three decimal digits. Each element is further constrained to have a value no greater than 255.
Hostnames in host components that comprise only a single
domain label are permitted to start with an alphanum
character. This seems to be the intent of RFC 2396
section 3.2.2 although the grammar does not permit it. The
consequence of this deviation is that the authority component of a
hierarchical URI such as s://123
, will parse as a server-based
authority.
IPv6 addresses are permitted for the host component. An IPv6
address must be enclosed in square brackets ('['
and
']'
) as specified by RFC 2732. The
IPv6 address itself must parse according to RFC 2373. IPv6
addresses are further constrained to describe no more than sixteen
bytes of address information, a constraint implicit in RFC 2373
but not expressible in the grammar.
Characters in the other category are permitted wherever RFC 2396 permits escaped octets, that is, in the user-information, path, query, and fragment components, as well as in the authority component if the authority is registry-based. This allows URIs to contain Unicode characters beyond those in the US-ASCII character set.
str
- The string to be parsed into a URINullPointerException
- If str
is null
URISyntaxException
- If the given string violates RFC 2396, as augmented
by the above deviationspublic URI(String scheme, String userInfo, String host, int port, String path, String query, String fragment) throws URISyntaxException
If a scheme is given then the path, if also given, must either be
empty or begin with a slash character ('/'
). Otherwise a
component of the new URI may be left undefined by passing null
for the corresponding parameter or, in the case of the port
parameter, by passing -1
.
This constructor first builds a URI string from the given components according to the rules specified in RFC 2396, section 5.2, step 7:
Initially, the result string is empty.
If a scheme is given then it is appended to the result,
followed by a colon character (':'
).
If user information, a host, or a port are given then the
string "//"
is appended.
If user information is given then it is appended, followed by
a commercial-at character ('@'
). Any character not in the
unreserved, punct, escaped, or other
categories is quoted.
If a host is given then it is appended. If the host is a
literal IPv6 address but is not enclosed in square brackets
('['
and ']'
) then the square brackets are added.
If a port number is given then a colon character
(':'
) is appended, followed by the port number in decimal.
If a path is given then it is appended. Any character not in
the unreserved, punct, escaped, or other
categories, and not equal to the slash character ('/'
) or the
commercial-at character ('@'
), is quoted.
If a query is given then a question-mark character
('?'
) is appended, followed by the query. Any character that
is not a legal URI character is quoted.
Finally, if a fragment is given then a hash character
('#'
) is appended, followed by the fragment. Any character
that is not a legal URI character is quoted.
The resulting URI string is then parsed as if by invoking the URI(String)
constructor and then invoking the parseServerAuthority()
method upon the result; this may cause a URISyntaxException
to be thrown.
scheme
- Scheme nameuserInfo
- User name and authorization informationhost
- Host nameport
- Port numberpath
- Pathquery
- Queryfragment
- FragmentURISyntaxException
- If both a scheme and a path are given but the path is relative,
if the URI string constructed from the given components violates
RFC 2396, or if the authority component of the string is
present but cannot be parsed as a server-based authoritypublic URI(String scheme, String authority, String path, String query, String fragment) throws URISyntaxException
If a scheme is given then the path, if also given, must either be
empty or begin with a slash character ('/'
). Otherwise a
component of the new URI may be left undefined by passing null
for the corresponding parameter.
This constructor first builds a URI string from the given components according to the rules specified in RFC 2396, section 5.2, step 7:
Initially, the result string is empty.
If a scheme is given then it is appended to the result,
followed by a colon character (':'
).
If an authority is given then the string "//"
is
appended, followed by the authority. If the authority contains a
literal IPv6 address then the address must be enclosed in square
brackets ('['
and ']'
). Any character not in the
unreserved, punct, escaped, or other
categories, and not equal to the commercial-at character
('@'
), is quoted.
If a path is given then it is appended. Any character not in
the unreserved, punct, escaped, or other
categories, and not equal to the slash character ('/'
) or the
commercial-at character ('@'
), is quoted.
If a query is given then a question-mark character
('?'
) is appended, followed by the query. Any character that
is not a legal URI character is quoted.
Finally, if a fragment is given then a hash character
('#'
) is appended, followed by the fragment. Any character
that is not a legal URI character is quoted.
The resulting URI string is then parsed as if by invoking the URI(String)
constructor and then invoking the parseServerAuthority()
method upon the result; this may cause a URISyntaxException
to be thrown.
scheme
- Scheme nameauthority
- Authoritypath
- Pathquery
- Queryfragment
- FragmentURISyntaxException
- If both a scheme and a path are given but the path is relative,
if the URI string constructed from the given components violates
RFC 2396, or if the authority component of the string is
present but cannot be parsed as a server-based authoritypublic URI(String scheme, String host, String path, String fragment) throws URISyntaxException
A component may be left undefined by passing null
.
This convenience constructor works as if by invoking the seven-argument constructor as follows:
new
URI
(scheme, null, host, -1, path, null, fragment);
scheme
- Scheme namehost
- Host namepath
- Pathfragment
- FragmentURISyntaxException
- If the URI string constructed from the given components
violates RFC 2396public URI(String scheme, String ssp, String fragment) throws URISyntaxException
A component may be left undefined by passing null
.
This constructor first builds a URI in string form using the given components as follows:
Initially, the result string is empty.
If a scheme is given then it is appended to the result,
followed by a colon character (':'
).
If a scheme-specific part is given then it is appended. Any character that is not a legal URI character is quoted.
Finally, if a fragment is given then a hash character
('#'
) is appended to the string, followed by the fragment.
Any character that is not a legal URI character is quoted.
The resulting URI string is then parsed in order to create the new
URI instance as if by invoking the URI(String)
constructor;
this may cause a URISyntaxException
to be thrown.
scheme
- Scheme namessp
- Scheme-specific partfragment
- FragmentURISyntaxException
- If the URI string constructed from the given components
violates RFC 2396public static URI create(String str)
This convenience factory method works as if by invoking the URI(String)
constructor; any URISyntaxException
thrown by the
constructor is caught and wrapped in a new IllegalArgumentException
object, which is then thrown.
This method is provided for use in situations where it is known that
the given string is a legal URI, for example for URI constants declared
within in a program, and so it would be considered a programming error
for the string not to parse as such. The constructors, which throw
URISyntaxException
directly, should be used situations where a
URI is being constructed from user input or from some other source that
may be prone to errors.
str
- The string to be parsed into a URINullPointerException
- If str
is null
IllegalArgumentException
- If the given string violates RFC 2396public URI parseServerAuthority() throws URISyntaxException
If this URI's authority component has already been recognized as being server-based then it will already have been parsed into user-information, host, and port components. In this case, or if this URI has no authority component, this method simply returns this URI.
Otherwise this method attempts once more to parse the authority component into user-information, host, and port components, and throws an exception describing why the authority component could not be parsed in that way.
This method is provided because the generic URI syntax specified in
RFC 2396
cannot always distinguish a malformed server-based authority from a
legitimate registry-based authority. It must therefore treat some
instances of the former as instances of the latter. The authority
component in the URI string "//foo:bar"
, for example, is not a
legal server-based authority but it is legal as a registry-based
authority.
In many common situations, for example when working URIs that are known to be either URNs or URLs, the hierarchical URIs being used will always be server-based. They therefore must either be parsed as such or treated as an error. In these cases a statement such as
URI
u= new URI(str).parseServerAuthority();
can be used to ensure that u always refers to a URI that, if it has an authority component, has a server-based authority with proper user-information, host, and port components. Invoking this method also ensures that if the authority could not be parsed in that way then an appropriate diagnostic message can be issued based upon the exception that is thrown.
URISyntaxException
- If the authority component of this URI is defined
but cannot be parsed as a server-based authority
according to RFC 2396public URI normalize()
If this URI is opaque, or if its path is already in normal form, then this URI is returned. Otherwise a new URI is constructed that is identical to this URI except that its path is computed by normalizing this URI's path in a manner consistent with RFC 2396, section 5.2, step 6, sub-steps c through f; that is:
All "."
segments are removed.
If a ".."
segment is preceded by a non-".."
segment then both of these segments are removed. This step is
repeated until it is no longer applicable.
If the path is relative, and if its first segment contains a
colon character (':'
), then a "."
segment is
prepended. This prevents a relative URI with a path such as
"a:b/c/d"
from later being re-parsed as an opaque URI with a
scheme of "a"
and a scheme-specific part of "b/c/d"
.
(Deviation from RFC 2396)
A normalized path will begin with one or more ".."
segments
if there were insufficient non-".."
segments preceding them to
allow their removal. A normalized path will begin with a "."
segment if one was inserted by step 3 above. Otherwise, a normalized
path will not contain any "."
or ".."
segments.
public URI resolve(URI uri)
If the given URI is already absolute, or if this URI is opaque, then the given URI is returned.
If the given URI's fragment component is
defined, its path component is empty, and its scheme, authority, and
query components are undefined, then a URI with the given fragment but
with all other components equal to those of this URI is returned. This
allows a URI representing a standalone fragment reference, such as
"#foo"
, to be usefully resolved against a base URI.
Otherwise this method constructs a new hierarchical URI in a manner consistent with RFC 2396, section 5.2; that is:
A new URI is constructed with this URI's scheme and the given URI's query and fragment components.
If the given URI has an authority component then the new URI's authority and path are taken from the given URI.
Otherwise the new URI's authority component is copied from this URI, and its path is computed as follows:
If the given URI's path is absolute then the new URI's path is taken from the given URI.
Otherwise the given URI's path is relative, and so the new
URI's path is computed by resolving the path of the given URI
against the path of this URI. This is done by concatenating all but
the last segment of this URI's path, if any, with the given URI's
path and then normalizing the result as if by invoking the normalize
method.
The result of this method is absolute if, and only if, either this URI is absolute or the given URI is absolute.
uri
- The URI to be resolved against this URINullPointerException
- If uri
is null
public URI resolve(String str)
This convenience method works as if invoking it were equivalent to
evaluating the expression resolve
(URI.
create
(str))
.
str
- The string to be parsed into a URINullPointerException
- If str
is null
IllegalArgumentException
- If the given string violates RFC 2396public URI relativize(URI uri)
The relativization of the given URI against this URI is computed as follows:
If either this URI or the given URI are opaque, or if the scheme and authority components of the two URIs are not identical, or if the path of this URI is not a prefix of the path of the given URI, then the given URI is returned.
Otherwise a new relative hierarchical URI is constructed with query and fragment components taken from the given URI and with a path component computed by removing this URI's path from the beginning of the given URI's path.
uri
- The URI to be relativized against this URINullPointerException
- If uri
is null
public URL toURL() throws MalformedURLException
This convenience method works as if invoking it were equivalent to
evaluating the expression new URL(this.toString())
after
first checking that this URI is absolute.
IllegalArgumentException
- If this URL is not absoluteMalformedURLException
- If a protocol handler for the URL could not be found,
or if some other error occurred while constructing the URLpublic String getScheme()
The scheme component of a URI, if defined, only contains characters
in the alphanum category and in the string "-.+"
. A
scheme always starts with an alpha character.
The scheme component of a URI cannot contain escaped octets, hence this method does not perform any decoding.
null
if the scheme is undefinedpublic boolean isAbsolute()
A URI is absolute if, and only if, it has a scheme component.
true
if, and only if, this URI is absolutepublic boolean isOpaque()
A URI is opaque if, and only if, it is absolute and its scheme-specific part does not begin with a slash character ('/'). An opaque URI has a scheme, a scheme-specific part, and possibly a fragment; all other components are undefined.
true
if, and only if, this URI is opaquepublic String getRawSchemeSpecificPart()
The scheme-specific part of a URI only contains legal URI characters.
null
)public String getSchemeSpecificPart()
The string returned by this method is equal to that returned by the
getRawSchemeSpecificPart
method
except that all sequences of escaped octets are decoded.
null
)public String getRawAuthority()
The authority component of a URI, if defined, only contains the
commercial-at character ('@'
) and characters in the
unreserved, punct, escaped, and other
categories. If the authority is server-based then it is further
constrained to have valid user-information, host, and port
components.
null
if the authority is undefinedpublic String getAuthority()
The string returned by this method is equal to that returned by the
getRawAuthority
method except that all
sequences of escaped octets are decoded.
null
if the authority is undefinedpublic String getRawUserInfo()
The user-information component of a URI, if defined, only contains characters in the unreserved, punct, escaped, and other categories.
null
if the user information is undefinedpublic String getUserInfo()
The string returned by this method is equal to that returned by the
getRawUserInfo
method except that all
sequences of escaped octets are decoded.
null
if the user information is undefinedpublic String getHost()
The host component of a URI, if defined, will have one of the following forms:
A domain name consisting of one or more labels
separated by period characters ('.'
), optionally followed by
a period character. Each label consists of alphanum characters
as well as hyphen characters ('-'
), though hyphens never
occur as the first or last characters in a label. The rightmost
label of a domain name consisting of two or more labels, begins
with an alpha character.
A dotted-quad IPv4 address of the form
digit+.
digit+.
digit+.
digit+
,
where no digit sequence is longer than three characters and no
sequence has a value larger than 255.
An IPv6 address enclosed in square brackets ('['
and
']'
) and consisting of hexadecimal digits, colon characters
(':'
), and possibly an embedded IPv4 address. The full
syntax of IPv6 addresses is specified in RFC 2373: IPv6
Addressing Architecture.
null
if the host is undefinedpublic int getPort()
The port component of a URI, if defined, is a non-negative integer.
-1
if the port is undefinedpublic String getRawPath()
The path component of a URI, if defined, only contains the slash
character ('/'
), the commercial-at character ('@'
),
and characters in the unreserved, punct, escaped,
and other categories.
null
if the path is undefinedpublic String getPath()
The string returned by this method is equal to that returned by the
getRawPath
method except that all sequences of
escaped octets are decoded.
null
if the path is undefinedpublic String getRawQuery()
The query component of a URI, if defined, only contains legal URI characters.
null
if the query is undefinedpublic String getQuery()
The string returned by this method is equal to that returned by the
getRawQuery
method except that all sequences of
escaped octets are decoded.
null
if the query is undefinedpublic String getRawFragment()
The fragment component of a URI, if defined, only contains legal URI characters.
null
if the fragment is undefinedpublic String getFragment()
The string returned by this method is equal to that returned by the
getRawFragment
method except that all
sequences of escaped octets are decoded.
null
if the fragment is undefinedpublic boolean equals(Object ob)
If the given object is not a URI then this method immediately
returns false
.
For two URIs to be considered equal requires that either both are opaque or both are hierarchical. Their schemes must either both be undefined or else be equal without regard to case. Their fragments must either both be undefined or else be equal.
For two opaque URIs to be considered equal, their scheme-specific parts must be equal.
For two hierarchical URIs to be considered equal, their paths must be equal and their queries must either both be undefined or else be equal. Their authorities must either both be undefined, or both be registry-based, or both be server-based. If their authorities are defined and are registry-based, then they must be equal. If their authorities are defined and are server-based, then their hosts must be equal without regard to case, their port numbers must be equal, and their user-information components must be equal.
When testing the user-information, path, query, fragment, authority, or scheme-specific parts of two URIs for equality, the raw forms rather than the encoded forms of these components are compared and the hexadecimal digits of escaped octets are compared without regard to case.
This method satisfies the general contract of the Object.equals
method.
equals
in class Object
ob
- The object to which this object is to be comparedtrue
if, and only if, the given object is a URI that
is identical to this URIObject.hashCode()
,
HashMap
public int hashCode()
Object.hashCode
method.hashCode
in class Object
Object.equals(java.lang.Object)
,
System.identityHashCode(java.lang.Object)
public int compareTo(URI that)
When comparing corresponding components of two URIs, if one
component is undefined but the other is defined then the first is
considered to be less than the second. Unless otherwise noted, string
components are ordered according to their natural, case-sensitive
ordering as defined by the String.compareTo
method. String components that are subject to
encoding are compared by comparing their raw forms rather than their
encoded forms.
The ordering of URIs is defined as follows:
Two URIs with different schemes are ordered according the ordering of their schemes, without regard to case.
A hierarchical URI is considered to be less than an opaque URI with an identical scheme.
Two opaque URIs with identical schemes are ordered according to the ordering of their scheme-specific parts.
Two opaque URIs with identical schemes and scheme-specific parts are ordered according to the ordering of their fragments.
Two hierarchical URIs with identical schemes are ordered according to the ordering of their authority components:
If both authority components are server-based then the URIs are ordered according to their user-information components; if these components are identical then the URIs are ordered according to the ordering of their hosts, without regard to case; if the hosts are identical then the URIs are ordered according to the ordering of their ports.
If one or both authority components are registry-based then the URIs are ordered according to the ordering of their authority components.
Finally, two hierarchical URIs with identical schemes and authority components are ordered according to the ordering of their paths; if their paths are identical then they are ordered according to the ordering of their queries; if the queries are identical then they are ordered according to the order of their fragments.
This method satisfies the general contract of the Comparable.compareTo
method.
compareTo
in interface Comparable<URI>
that
- The object to which this URI is to be comparedClassCastException
- If the given object is not a URIpublic String toString()
If this URI was created by invoking one of the constructors in this class then a string equivalent to the original input string, or to the string computed from the originally-given components, as appropriate, is returned. Otherwise this URI was created by normalization, resolution, or relativization, and so a string is constructed from this URI's components according to the rules specified in RFC 2396, section 5.2, step 7.
public String toASCIIString()
If this URI does not contain any characters in the other
category then an invocation of this method will return the same value as
an invocation of the toString
method. Otherwise
this method works as if by invoking that method and then encoding the result.
Dracula Javadoc Sample, Made with Allan Im.


set mpdset <lowres|mres|hires|nmap>
lowres is the default. mres and hires have state and country outlines. nmap covers only North America.
lowres
mres
hires
nmap
Settings stay the same until changed by new set commands.
set


--- layout: post permalink: thewinterjacket.html Tags: Array NameOfCoupon: The Winter Jacket Cash Back Summary: See our The Winter Jacket Coupon Code, The Winter Jacket Rebate, The Winter Jacket Promo Code, The Winter Jacket Discount, The Winter Jacket Coupon Cash Back Rebate here. MetaKeywords: The Winter Jacket Coupon Code, The Winter Jacket Rebate, The Winter Jacket Promo Code, The Winter Jacket Cash Back Rebate, The Winter Jacket Discount, The Winter Jacket Coupon Image: images/29758.gif LinkURL: http://www.shareasale.com/r.cfm?b=261366&u=412002&m=29758 affiliate_url_link: http://www.icouponblog.com/jane.php?id=6195 thesis_readmore: See the The Winter Jacket Coupon thesis_thumb: http://www.icouponblog.com/tn.php?merchantURL=thewinterjacket.com Title: Save 7.50% - The Winter Jacket Coupon Code for thewinterjacket.com. The Winter Jacket Rebate & Discount thesis_description: Our The Winter Jacket Discount Coupon Code for thewinterjacket.com. We have the best The Winter Jacket Rebate anywhere. thesis_keywords: The Winter Jacket, The Winter Jacket Coupon Code, The Winter Jacket Discount, The Winter Jacket Rebate product_name: The Winter Jacket hop_url: http://www.icouponblog.com/hop.php?id=6195 ---
If you are looking for beautiful, fashionable and snugly way to stay warm, check out Canada goose online at www.thewinterjacket.com. They carry a wide range of authentic extreme weather gear that is high quality, well tailored and manufactured in Canada. For top quality, iconic outerwear, down insulated jackets that will keep you warm and comfortable in Alaska, the Antarctica or the Alps, visit www.thewinterjacket.com and start shopping for top quality, cool products that will keep you warm! Save money by using our discount coupons.
visit www.thewinterjacket.com for the best outerwear money can buy. They are made by The Canada Goose Company. It is an internationally reputed company. Get the warmest parkas, gloves, vests and winter boots at great prices from www.thewinterjacket.com. Whether you are going skiing in the Alps, Colorado or going on an expedition to the Antarctica or if you have a job where you have to spend long hours outdoors, then you will love the outerwear, parkas, jackets, gloves from Canada Goose. Buy them online from www.thewinterjacket.com.
If you are looking for the warmest, most comfortable down filled, genuine, authentic Canada Goose jackets, vests, gloves and fashionable, beautiful, attractive outerwear, visit www.thewinterjacket.com. You will love the products you will see on the website.  Stay warm in a cool Canada Goose jacket. Our discount coupons will save you money.


Tours4Fun is a website where you can get discounts and deals on vacation tours and more. We decided to write a review of Tours4Fun, to see what all the buzz is about. First of all, the website is very pleasantly designed and user-friendly, with lots of options for a first-timer to either “do it yourself” or be professionally assisted (there are contacts emails, toll-free skype numbers and such all over the place).
In reviewing Tours4Fun deals, it seems they are pretty good actually. The prices do seem incredibly low for the destinations mentioned. In addition, there are separate tabs for those who don’t fancy a tour but just want to book a flight, hotel, car, etc. In fact, on top of the advertised specials, there is a special tab for “Deals”, not to mention coupons for percentages off packages, referral incentives, and more. It beats paying full price at least.
I think the best part of the site, though, is the user-community interface. There are “Most Popular” links, discussion boards, reviews, etc. so you can see what other people who’ve tried the service are saying. There are even user photos from the trips. In fact, it’s a nice site just to get ideas from in the first place. If you’ve been putting off taking a vacation (or it never even entered your mind to take one), check out the site, see what strikes your fancy, and then sniff out a deal. Or maybe do it the other way around.
Tours4Fun is a popular website for people who want to find a tour at a great price. The site not only offers tours, but also stand-alone airline tickets, hotel reservations, and car rentals. However, when it comes to the net, we all know companies can look like a million bucks and end up being run out of somebody’s basement and in reality not live up to what it seems to offer. So is Tour4Fun a scam business?
A quick survey of the site reveals that the site is emblazoned with the Better Business Bureau and GoDaddy security symbols as well as a travel insurance company’s logo. However, one of the best indicators that the company is legit is the fact that contacting them is clear and easy (as opposed to shady companies which tend to hide their contact info or make it hard to find). In addition, the site involves the users, allowing you to log in, leave messages, give reviews, make recommendations, etc. The more real-life users involved, the less likely it is that a company is scamming you. Ah, the powers of Web 2.0!
So Tours4Fun checks out upon first glance, and seems like a great way to find a relaxing getaway at a good deal, share your experiences, and build a better site for would-be travel hounds or just the average person looking for a little escape from the mundane.  In addition, they offer stand-alone travel services such as airline tickets, hotel reservations, and car rentals. They also offer deals, specials, discounts, promotions, and other buyer incentives.
 They are the instant and easy way to save big on products and services you already want. So in addition to the deals offered by Tours4Fun, you can find coupon codes which will save you even more. Coupon Shack, My Coupons, and Coupon Snapshot are just a few of the companies offering coupons for Tours4Fun.
Coupon codes can get you percentages off services, give you free trials, referral incentives, buy-and-save purchase discounts, and more.  A few seconds spent on getting a coupon code, and you can get an even better deal for you and your spouse, family, or friends, all with the security of user reviews and ratings and the convenience of online ordering.
Of course, we have our own great coupon here at ICouponBlog and you can get yours by clicking on this link. So before you take time off, take a few seconds to make sure it’s worth your time and money, and that you really get what you want.
Tours4Fun is a website where you can go to get great deals on tours and other travel services. In addition to being able to find tours all over the globe, Tours4Fun offers other standard individual travel services such as airline tickets, hotel confirmations, and car rentals. In addition, they offer specials, deals, and discounts. They even have a separate tab specifically for “Deals”.
Their site is user-friendly for those who prefer to jump right in, as well as offers many ways to reach the company for customers who prefer a “guided tour” of the various services or have any specific issues or questions. There are secure signs like the Better Business Bureau’s seal of approval so that you can rest assured that you are in good hands and will be happy with the services provided. But more valuable than that, the site offers community involvement so you can check out what others are saying before you decide. There are “Most Popular” lists, forums for discussion, reviews, even user travel photos.
Most of us live fairly stressful lives, trying to balance school, work, family, community, and other personal interests and obligations. Taking a vacation may be a good way to leave it all behind and come back to your life refreshed and energized. Tours4Fun gives you a glimpse of what’s out there, how much it costs, and how you can get there. All in all, a very nice place to start your globe-trekking adventure (or just your typical trip to Vegas).
Tours4Fun is an online website where you can find tours in destinations all over the world, often at spectacular rates. You can also get airline tickets, hotel reservations, and car rentals, but the most valuable part of the site (and its claim to fame) is the tours. Before you embark on your journey, you can look at user reviews and see which ones were good, not so good, and why. There is also a “Most Popular” section so you can see what’s hot.
The internet is rife with promotional codes. These promo codes offer you a chance at getting an even better deal on the products and services you need or want. In the time it takes to click on a link, you can get a code that will give you percentages off services, offer buy-and-save purchase discounts, as well as referral incentives and specials.
Remember, vendors want to draw in new customers, so promotional specials that link to the products and services on their site help draw in new customers, as well as repeat business, and keep the buzz going on their companies. There are lots of promo codes for Tours4Fun, which is a popular travel site. Sites like Promotion Code, Webby Planet, and Coupon Refund, among many others, offer promo codes that you can use in conjunction with whatever deals are being offered on the Tours4Fun website. So take a few minutes to get a promotion code and get started on your adventure!


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113489-new-members/topic/print.20redundant.20parentheses.html ---
Hi,
is there a way to make Lean always print redundant parentheses? Here's what I mean:
Let's say I have constant apple : a → b → c
,
now, when I do #check apple
, Lean will print apple : a → b → c
, but I want it to print the redundant parentheses like so: apple : a → (b → c)
.
Is this even possible? Skipping redundant parentheses seems like some additional work than just always printing them so to me it seems reasonable that such an option should exist.
Thanks for the answers!
(Context: The system I described in #new members > error when using theorem/lemma instead of def requires redundant parentheses for well-formed-formulas, but inserting them manually is labour-intensive and error-prone.)
I don't think the pretty printer has an option for this
i've looked through the ones shown in #help options.
and didn't find any either
Well that's a pity. Thanks for your time guys!
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


| Black player | Cho Chikun | White player | Yoda Norimoto |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-01-12 | Place | Nihon Ki-in |
| Result | White wins for 0.5 points |
| Black player | Cho Chikun | White player | Kobayashi Satoru |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-01-18,19 | Place | Hotel Nikko Atlanta, Atlanta, USA |
| Result | Black wins by resignation |
| Black player | Cho Chikun | White player | Kato Masao |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-01-26 | Place | Nihon Ki-in |
| Result | Black wins for 5.5 points |
| Black player | Kobayashi Satoru | White player | Cho Chikun |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-02-01,02 | Place | Hotel New Otani, Hakata, Fukuoka Pref. |
| Result | Black wins by resignation |
| Black player | Cho Chikun | White player | Kobayashi Satoru |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-02-08,09 | Place | Suimeikan, Gero Spa, Gifu Pref. |
| Result | Black wins by resignation |
| Black player | Cho Chikun | White player | Sakai Maki |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 5d |
| Date | 1995-02-16 | Place | Nihon Ki-in |
| Result | Black wins by resignation |
| Black player | Kobayashi Satoru | White player | Cho Chikun |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-02-22,23 | Place | Miyajima Grand Hotel Arimoto, Miyajima-cho, Saeki-gun, Hiroshima Pref. |
| Result | Black wins for 3.5 points |
| Black player | Kato Masao | White player | Cho Chikun |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-02-28 | Place | Osaka City Welfare & Pensions Hall, Osaka |
| Result | White wins for 8.5 points |
| Black player | Cho Chikun | White player | Kobayashi Satoru |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-03-01,02 | Place | Horin Country Club, Ichihara City, Chiba Pref. |
| Result | White wins by resignation |
| Black player | Cho Chikun | White player | Kobayashi Koichi |
| Black rank | 9d | White rank | 9d |
| Date | 1995-03-04 | Place | Mielparque Hall, Tokyo |
| Result | White wins by resignation |


It's the only place you have to live.
|
Medicine
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The mongoDB web shell simulates interaction with a mongo shell for use as a learning aid and a promotional tool.  Check this page for detailed information on commands to try.
connecting to database...
type "help" for help


Preparation time
less than 30 mins
Cooking time
10 to 30 mins
Serves
Serves 6
Dietary
Beetroot soup is not only a fabulous colour but delicious too. Try adding a glug of vodka for the classic Borscht experience.
Place the halved tomatoes in an ovenproof dish. Throw over the garlic and drizzle over half the olive oil.
Roast for 25-30 minutes in a fairly hot oven (190C/375F/Gas 5) until soft and pulpy. Rub through a sieve to remove the skin and pips.
Heat the remaining oil in a pan and sweat the onion for a few minutes until soft. Add the beetroot and the stock and bring to the boil. Season lightly with salt and freshly ground black pepper. Simmer gently for 7-10 minutes until the beetroot is tender.
Stir in the tomato purée, transfer the soup to a blender and process until completely smooth. Taste and adjust the seasoning if necessary
To serve cold, chill the soup in the fridge, then divide between six bowls. Using your fingers, crumble a little feta into each bowl. A sprinkling of grated raw beetroot makes a good garnish for the cold version
To serve hot, reheat the soup until thoroughly hot but not boiling. Divide between warm bowls and crumble over a little feta into each bowl. Serve with crusty bread.


- All forceps and clamps
- All jewellery used for initial piercing and jewellery purchased in bulk
- All needles purchased in bulk
- All tapers
- Open-ended receiving tubes
- Ring opening and closing pliers
- Scrub brushes
|
- Needle pushers
- Scissors used to cut cannulas (insertion tubes)
- All calipers
- Jewellery (when replacing piercing jewellery on completely healed piercings)
- Rigid containers used to hold dirty equipment until reprocessing
|
- Service trays with single use, disposable covers
- Tables, beds, chairs
|


HEAD <<<<<<< HEAD ======= >>>>>>> name-pic-section ======= >>>>>>> about
Esther Web and Mobile Developer
This is a website that illustrates the different styles that can be used to create a page. It is an HTML/CSS page. This is web design from scratch!
This is a practice website for git branching and merging using different style sheets . This is one of the principles in programming. It is an HTML/CSS page.
This is a practice website for understanding the basics of HTML. This is an important coding style in web development. It is only HTMLpage.
Moringa school offers a foundational understanding of programming. With such a foundation, I can build my skill as adeveloper or technical leader or mentor. It offers application based learning; a different kind of "how to learn." It's a great environment to interact with others and learn form each others; the peers and seniors. It's marathon and not a sprint which helps everyone involved to learn.


xor
`Prev `__
X
`Next `__
--------------
**xor**: /X´or/, /kzor/, conj.
Exclusive or. ‘A xor B’ means ‘A or B, but not both’. “I want to get
cherry pie xor a banana split.” This derives from the technical use of
the term as a function on truth-values that is true if exactly one of
its two arguments is true.
--------------
+------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| `Prev `__ | `Up <../X.html>`__ | `Next `__ |
+------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+
| XON | `Home <../index.html>`__ | xref |
+------------------------+----------------------------+-------------------------+


Desk Set, 1957
Seen on cable television. Shown in full screen and letterboxed versions; go for the latter.
In the 1990s it is hard to fathom the days of yore when there was job security, or was there? Now, we have downsizing, where it is one against the other; back in the 1950s it was humanity versus the machine.
In a time where Big Blue beats Kasparov at chess, it is interesting to watch *Desk Set* now. If you are not familiar with it, rent it or watch for it on American Movie Classics. Special librarian Bunny Watson (Katherine Hepburn) matches wits with Richard Sumner (Spencer Tracy), who is looking to install a computer to handle research requests. What results in the library is rampant paranoia about people losing jobs to the machine. The machine, by the way, takes up half a room. Laptops were hardly a concept, yet.
What is really wonderful about this film is the dialogue. It is crispy written and a joy to hear. Hepburn and Tracy really shine here, and the supporting cast is not bad either, although they really do take a back seat to the romantic leads. A particularly good scene is when Bunny's love interest, Mike (Gig Young), shows up to find Richard in a bathrobe after having been caught in the rain. The comedy of errors is quite entertaining.
*Desk Set* also represents one of those rare media portrayals of librarians as something interesting and positive and worthwhile. [Compare to its 1990s counterpart *Party Girl*.]
More movie reviews by Seth Bookey can be seen at http://www.geocities.com/Athens/2679/kino.html.
Copyright (c) 1997 Seth J. Bookey, New York, NY 10021 USA<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


This privacy policy explains Covid Resources practices regarding how the information we collect from you is used. By visiting Covid resources' website, using our services, you accept the practices described in this privacy policy. This privacy policy applies to anonymous data and personal information collected at our website, and to personal information collected in connection with the sale, support, and use of our products and services. This privacy policy also applies where you are a user of any of our service offerings.
The information collected by our website may include: Any personal details you enter and submit through a form on the site; such as name, address, email address, etc.
Any data you enter through "Contribute resources" is published for everyone and we are not responsible if someone tries to misuse that data. The user is solely responsible for his/her safety and has to beware of any kind of scam, we are not responsible if the user is scammed by any person who entered the resource data. We are acting as the medium here and are not involved in any communication and any kind of interaction between two parties. Our organization does not sell, rent or market personal data about individuals to third parties.


Save workspace Last save time: none Load workspace Last load time: none
Make some changes in the workspace above. Click on the circles below to highlight blocks above.


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block style %} {% endblock %} {% block body %}
A collaboration between Open Data Kosovo (ODK) and Center for Research, Transparency and Accountability (CRTA). This is a MIT Licensed project, the source code available here. The used datasets are available here and were graciously opened by the Ministry of Data challenge.
What happens when you give someone a figure like "$16.93 billion (PPP, 2014 est.)"? Nothing happens, the average citizen cannot comprehend that sum. Instead of monetary value, let's convert expenditure costs into units of stuff that people can relate to.
Get people into conversation about government budgets by giving citizens the ability to appreciate the opportunity costs of government expenses. Compare the relative opportunity costs across different regions for a given government expenditure.


Department of Mathematics
Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore
Auxiliary Constructions:
Theorems/Definitions to use.
Technical Work: Deductions and Computations.
Judgement of correctness.
Byron Cook (AWS):
The storage team, for example, is able to be much more agile and be much more aggressive in the programs that they write because of the formal methods. They're able to write code that otherwise they might not want to deploy because they wouldn't be as confident about it, and they're deploying four times as fast.
— with this theorem, the hope that the condensed formalism can be fruitfully applied to real functional analysis stands or falls. I think the theorem is of utmost foundational importance, so being 99.9% sure is not enough.
Word2Vec considered the problem of predicting a word given its neighbours.
This was trained on solutions of this problem that involve mapping words into space, and predicting from neighbours using the points.
Only the mapping of words into space was retained, so geometry captures associations.
Another lesson is that it is useful to solve synthetic problems: play, solving exercises.
Mathematics advances in a series of steps, each of which can come from (among other things):


nipple mouse
`Prev `__
N
`Next `__
--------------
**nipple mouse**: n.
Var. clit mouse, clitoris Common term for the pointing device used on
IBM ThinkPads and a few other laptop computers. The device, which sits
between the ‘g’ and ‘h’ keys on the keyboard, indeed resembles a rubber
nipple intended to be tweaked by a forefinger. Many hackers consider
these superior to the glide pads found on most laptops, which are harder
to control precisely.
--------------
+---------------------------------------+----------------------------+------------------------+
| `Prev `__ | `Up <../N.html>`__ | `Next `__ |
+---------------------------------------+----------------------------+------------------------+
| Ninety-Ninety Rule | `Home <../index.html>`__ | NMI |
+---------------------------------------+----------------------------+------------------------+


DRAWGRID3D draw a grid in 3 dimensions drawGrid3d draws a 3D square grid, with origin (0,0,0) and spacing 1 in each direction, with bounds corresponding to the bounds of current axis. drawGrid3d(SPACING) where spacing is either a scalar or a [1x3] matrix, specifies the size of the unit cell. drawGrid3d(ORIGIN, SPACING) Also specify origin of grid. ORIGIN is a [1x3] array. drawGrid3d(..., EDGE) specifies whether function should draw edges touching edges of axis. EDGE is a characheter string, which can be : - 'OPEN' : each line start from one face of window to the opposite face. This results in a 'spiky' grid. - 'CLOSED' (default value) : each line stops at the last visible point of the grid for this line. The result looks like a box (no free spikes around the grid). H = drawGrid3d(...); return a vector of handles for each LINE object which was crated. ------ Author: David Legland e-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Created: 2005-11-17 Copyright 2005 INRA - CEPIA Nantes - MIAJ (Jouy-en-Josas).


END OF DAYS A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 1999 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): *
"There are forces at work here that you couldn't possibly understand!" Father Kovak (Rod Steiger) loudly lectures Jericho Cane (Arnold Schwarzenegger). No kidding!
And I thought STIGMATA was bad. Peter Hyams's over-the-top END OF DAYS can best be thought of as STIGMATA's evil twin.
The story starts in 1979, as the Pope and his Cardinals are arguing over a girl who will be born shortly at some unknown location in the world. Most of the Cardinals want to find and kill her, but they are temporarily overruled by the Holy Father, who wants instead to find and protect her.
Cutting to New York City, we see her birth, after which servants of the devil whisk the baby away. Graphically slicing open a live rattlesnake, they sprinkle its blood over the baby, and they have the baby drink the blood. Unfortunately, this is one of the more subtle scenes in a movie that doesn't know when to stop. But we'll get to its excesses in a minute. Suffice it to say that if members of the Catholic Church feel that they have to picket a movie, this is the one to go for, not DOGMA, which has been unjustly maligned.
The story quickly skips ahead two decades. It's now three days before the millennium.
Yes, this is a millennium film. Think about it. Writer Andrew W. Marlowe had the opportunity of a lifetime, and the best that he could come up with is a hackneyed story about the Antichrist and the end of the world. (For what could be done with a more intelligent approach, see the recent and wonderfully imaginative character study, Don McKellar's LAST NIGHT, about the world's end.)
I will not tell you the intricacies of the plot so that you can laugh at it as I did. The only thing that makes the movie even partially bearable is the humor, most of it unintentional. In an intelligent but all too brief performance, Kevin Pollak plays Jericho's sidekick, Chicago. He also delivers most of the truly funny lines. His best comes after a bad experience with the forces of evil. "Well, it's official," Chicago informs Jericho. "I'm not sleeping again." For all of its gore -- and there's lots of it -- the movie isn't the least bit frightening. It is, however, frequently gross and disgusting, not to mention sacrilegious and amoral. But, the movie tries to argue that "the devil made me do it." Its excesses, you see, aren't its fault. It's just trying to depict evil.
Along with the baby and the blood scene, the movie has other satanical delights. One mother commits incest with her daughter as they both lay naked in bed. The devil is there too you see, and he made them do it.  As they rattle off the Last Rites, they try to murder her first in her own bed and later by the altar in church. Again, it's not their fault, they are killing to defeat the devil, played in a shockingly bad performance by Gabriel Byrne. (The devil likes to mock God, as when he refers to the Bible as "an overblown press kit." The cheesy dialog will have you shaking your head.)
Wasting over a hundred million dollars, the director calls for lots of explosions and special effect after special effect for no reason other than the studio gave him too much money. Moviegoers who count their enjoyment by the boom will be satisfied; others will be disappointed and exhausted by it all.
Arnold, Arnold, Arnold, what were you thinking when you signed on to do this? Even if it has enough violence and gore to attract large audiences, you are better than this.
"How do you expect to defeat me when you are but a man, and I am forever?" Satan taunts Jericho. The ending, of course, is never really in doubt, no matter how much bluster the devil manages. After all, he's up against a superstar. And in the end, the story finds its own redemption, arguing that it had deeply religious intentions all along. Making audiences believe this will take a real miracle.
END OF DAYS runs 1:55. It is rated R for intense violence and gore, a strong sex scene and language and would not be acceptable for those under 17 or 18.
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Signature product of The Flower Studio.
Featuring 2 Asiatic Lilies and 3 European Gerberas hand-tied with 3 South African or European chrysanthemums and a Rose.
Free Greeting card of your choice (specify occasion and message in notes at checkout or choose from our range at https://theflowerstudio.pk/product-category/cards/ ).
Free delivery is available in Lahore, Karachi and Islamabad/Rawalpindi. Send it to your loved ones from any part of the world or get it yourself. The item is hand-arranged and delivered by a team member of The Flower Studio.
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Installing Jenkins CI on FreeBSD
Installing Jenkins on FreeBSD is now as simple as running the following commands as root (or prefix the 'sudo' command):
You can install Jenkins LTS with pkg:
# pkg install jenkins-lts
Or if you want to install the latest version of Jenkins:
# pkg install jenkins
Compiling from ports:
# cd /usr/ports/devel/jenkins # make install clean
This will automatically install Java (by default, OpenJDK)
Manually starting and stopping the Jenkins CI service
You can start, stop, restart, and get the status of Jenkins with the 'service' command run as root, like this:
# service jenkins start # service jenkins status # service jenkins restart # service jenkins stop
Starting Jenkins CI automatically
To have Jenkins start automatically whenever your FreeBSD system starts, add the following line to /etc/rc.conf:
jenkins_enable="YES"
Accessing Jenkins on FreeBSD
It is the default configuration to listen on every address of the host and port 8180:
: ${jenkins_args="--webroot=${jenkins_home}/war --httpPort=8180 --prefix=/jenkins"}
Once you've installed and launched Jenkins, it will be available at the following URI. Note: you may find that the trailing slash is mandatory when using curl to test:
http://localhost:8180/jenkins/
Changing the Jenkins CI listen address, port and prefix
This fine if you only want to access Jenkins directly from external. If you want the Jenkins can be accessed only from system on which it is installed, for example, put Jenkins behind of a reverse proxy which can provide https connection (or you want Jenkins can only be accessed through an SSH tunnel with port forwarding), or you just want to drop "/jenkins" prefix. Set the jenkins_args in the configuration file "/etc/rc.conf" or "/etc/rc.conf.d/jenkins", add the httpListenAddress argument and set its value to <IP_ADDRESS>, and remove the prefix argument to the . For example:
jenkins_args="--webroot=${jenkins_home}/war --httpListenAddress=<IP_ADDRESS> --httpPort=8180"
After making these changes, restart Jenkins to apply the change:
# service jenkins restart