Chester Billiards League
2022-2023
History of the League
Colin Hargreaves wrote a potted history of the Chester and District Billiards and Snooker
Leagues
back in July 2015.
The content is transcribed here for your enjoyment
Billiards
From the records in our possession, the Chester Billiards League began in the year 1909.
This was taken from the earliest winners shield on the Billiards League winners trophy, however,
we have found a cutting from the Chester Observer
(November 1905) which references the league as being "recently formed".
At this time the Mond Challenge Shield was presented for annual competition.
From the name itself we presume Mond as we know it today, being part of the ICI company.
The first winners of the league in 1905-6 were Chester Unionist Club, later becoming Chester
Conservative Club, at that time based upstairs in Newgate Street above the Assembly Rooms,
before moving to it's present location in Nicholas Street.
There is reference in the Chester Observer March
1909 that the Unionist Club won the league after winning all their matches. As they had
also topped the league on the previous two years, the trophy became their property, which is why
the one played for today begins in 1909
In 1933 the Will Thomas Cup was presented for an individual handicap competition again on an
annual basis.
The first winner being A.C. Townsend.
In 1962 C.D. Davies presented a cup to be played for each year individually with no handicap
involved; this became the Chester Billiards Championship.
The first person to win this competition was Ron Willetts in 1962-3, of Chester Liberal
Club, situated upstairs in Nicholas Street, before their move around the corner into Nicholas
Street Mews and sadly recent closure.
The league matches played each Tuesday throughout the winter are at present played 200 up
with four players in each team playing off their allotted individual handicap.
There is also a prize for the highest break of the season.
This format has changed from past years 1950-60 when at that time more clubs and teams were
involved in the league and teams comprised of six players all playing their matches off level
with no handicap involved and each game only played 100 up.
One year the highest break being 97 made by Phil Williams of YMCA.
The Cayzer Cup was presented in 1928 by Sir Charles Cayzer M.P.
The first winners being Conservative WMC in 1929.
This was for many years a team knockout competition, it is now played at the end of the
league season as two small leagues with the winners of each league playing each other for the
trophy.
Again a changed format due to the reduction of teams playing in the league and to create a
continued interest for all concerned.
Whilst still part of the Chester and District Billiards and Snooker Leagues and all trophies
being owned by this association, together with just one Treasurer, the Billiards League have for
some time run their own section with a separate committee and presentation evening.
With the unfortunate demise of both billiard and snooker teams registered in the leagues, it
obviously needs both sections to continue to support each other in these times.
Snooker
The records indicate the Chester Snooker League began in 1930 with the
first winners being Chester Liberal Club in 1931.
Whilst little is known of the early times, from what is remembered in later years (around
the 1950's) The C & D league fixtures were played as at present on a Friday evening.
There was also a Monday League called 'The Temperance League'.
This was, as the name suggests, for clubs that did not have the facilities of a bar, for
example YMCA, Upton British Legion, PSA (Pleasant Sunday Afternoon), Burrells Shop, Saughall,
Eccleston and Handbridge institutes.
In later years this was renamed The Monday League and existed as such for some time.
The C & D league in the 1950's was a team handicap, matches were played on total team
aggregate not individual scores, consisting of six players in a team so every player finished
their game, the total scores then added, the team handicap deducted from the aggregate of the
six games so deciding the result of the match, 2 point awarded for a win.
From a cutting taken by Colin Hargreaves (for obvious reasons) in 1982 from The Chester
Chronicle, 'Snooker & Billiards Round-up' it is interesting to note at this time the C & D
snooker league consisted of four divisions together with the billiard league.
There were also two divisions of the Monday league.
Many of the teams playing at this time as seen are no longer in existence.
During this timescale Harry Drennan (league secretary) was the instigator of forming an
inter league competition played on an annual basis, which became very popular.
Chester team travelled by coach, helped by league team Crosville Buses, with many supporters
to the various locations.
The Inter league consisted of teams from Chester, Deeside, Ellesmere Port, Oswestry,
Birkenhead, Wallasey, Bromborough and Heswall areas.
Chester won this competition several times, although Birkenhead and Wallasey, in general,
being the strongest teams.
For many years, the only individual snooker competition in the league was the Will Parry
cup, played off individual handicaps each season, the first winner being J. Newbrook, St. Francis
Church Club, in 1954.
In 1961 the league decided to hold the first ever Chester Snooker Championship played off
scratch over three frames.
The final, over five frames was played at the Bridge Inn Pub, Tarvin Road, Chester.
A one table league club at the time, with a large snooker room and surround seating
upstairs, this was won by Colin Hargreaves.
The league intended to give a prize, but Colin offered to contributed towards this and
donated a trophy.
The league then named this the Hargreaves Cup.
Thereafter Colin entered the competition over the years nine times and managed to win it on
each occasion.
Over this period in time, the billiards and snooker league presentation evenings were held
at Chester Town Hall, with a dinner attended by the Lord Mayor, who presented the prizes.
In 2014, due to the cup becoming the worse for wear, Colin provided a replacement.
Several league players over the years, who won this trophy, went on to turn professional
The most famous of these was James Wattana, born 1970 in Thailand, who came to live in
Chester, aged 15, staying with Harry Wah, and playing for the YMCA. Winner in 1986.
James went on to win the world amateur title in 1988 and turned professional in 1989.
He subsequently reached the semi finals of the world professional championships in Sheffield
in 1993 and 1997.
Nick Walker, born 1973 in Chester, now living in Canada, again playing for the YMCA, won the
Chester Championship in 1989, 1990 and 1991. He turned professional in 1991 and in 1999, after
defeating Dennis Taylor in the prequalifying rounds at Telford, reached the last 16 of the world
championship in Sheffield. His match results were as follows:-
Rory McLeod 10-6
Dennis Taylor 10-3
Rod Lawler 10-8
Jamie Burnett 10-6
# Above details courtesy of Paul Dunning
Neil Jones, Chester Conservative Club, won the Chester Championship in 1995, 2001, 2002 and
2003. He also joined the professional ranks for several years, before reverting to amateur status.
Gareth Allen, Broughton Wings, won the Chester Championship in 2007, 2010 and 2014 and won
the honour of turning professional in 2015.
The Wrights Pairs Handicap cup was presented to the league for annual competition, the first
winners in 1961 being D. Sollars and E. Chadwick, U.S.C.
The president of the Billiards and Snooker Leagues for many years was Ron Woodcock who still
played for Chester Liberal Club, at the age of 89.
When Ron passed away, his daughter presented the league with a new trophy, to be known as
The Ron Woodcock Memorial Trophy. This is played for on an annual basis, off individual handicap,
for the age group 55 years and over.
The first winner, in 2005, being Terry Willcock. Chester Liberal Club.
At this time Colin Hargreaves became the league's new President.
In one of the photographs, taken in 1972, can be seen C.D.McAllister, always known as Mac,
who wasthe League Chairman for many years, playing from Chester Conservative Club.
Also, Maurice Hayes, Upton Legion, who at this time was the League Secretary. He later
became the Secretary of the Professional Snooker Players Association and was responsible for
getting Embassy Tobacco Co. to sponsor their first World Championships, held in 1976, in Wythenshaw, Manchester,
before the move the following year to Sheffield Crucible Theatre.
The pictures mentioned in Colin's Article can be found
here
Chester Billiards League are proudly sponsored by


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Carole
Goble is Professor of Computer Science in the
University of Manchester, and has spent the past twenty years
developing innovative computing approaches in knowledge
management, distributed computing and social computing to support
scientific researchers in a wide variety of areas, including
Taverna, BioCatalogue, myExperiment, and SEEK. She is a partner
in the UK's Software Sustainability Institute.
Advisory Council


fnx_router
Declarative hierarchical router for Polymer Dart 1.0. Use it like this:
<fnx-router>
show me amazing stuff
show me amazing features
<fnx-router route="amazing">
<fnx-router route="stuff">

wow!

</fnx-router>
<fnx-router route="features">

no way!

</fnx-router>
...
Comes in with handy Polymer @bahavior
which you can use to make any of your elements routing capable.
Note: Work in progress, I'll continue to develop this package as I use it in our Polymer projects.
Routing
The purpose of this package is to allow you to show/hide your elements depending on window.location.hash
value. Every element with FnxRouterBehavior
has route
attribute and becomes subject of routing.
<fnx-router route='user'>
<my-cool-element route='edit'>
...
Elements create a tree hierarchy of routing nodes (subtree of DOM, if you want). Their absolute route depends on route of their parents (and recursively up to the root element).
<fnx-router>
<fnx-router route="amazing">
<fnx-router route="stuff">
<fnx-router route="vol1">
Level separator /
is a constant provided by fnx_router.
Navigation
Your user can navigate through your app by simply changing location anchor:
show me amazing stuff
show me amazing features
However - this requires you to know the absolute path (absolute route) to the element, which is not very practical - hierarchical routing then loses it's purpose. There are several other ways how to navigate.
<fnx-router>
open amazing menu
<fnx-router route="amazing">
stuff
features
hide amazing, show regular
<fnx-router route="stuff">

WOW!

</fnx-router>
<fnx-router route="features">

NO WAY!

</fnx-router>
</fnx-router>
<fnx-router route="regular">
This is pretty regular. Go see
something amazing.
</fnx-router>
All routing nodes listen for tap
event (@Listen("tap")
). If the event's target contains data-router
attribute, tap event is canceled and processed by router (actual href
or other default action is ignored).
Possible values of data-router
are:
#/something
- absolute path to required element./something
- relative path to this element's child../something
- relative path to this element's siblink (only single '../' is supported for now, you cannot double-dot your path all the way up like '../../')
Your data-router
value must start with either #/
, ./
or ../
.
pictures of my boy
pictures of my girl
pictures of my brother
You can also change the route programmatically, but more about this later.
fnx-router element
fnx_router package contains <fnx-router>
element. It's a
simple display: block;
element. You can use it instead of
your regular

.
Styling
FnxRouterBehavior
toggles two boolean attributes on your element during routing:
router-visible
router-invisible
Use those attributes to hide your elements however you want:

Note: It's discouraged to remove elements from DOM tree, see polymer-dart wiki, that's one of the reasons we leave handling invisible elements up to you.
To prevent FUOC, add router-not-initialized
to body element and style it:

After successful initialization, fnx_router exchanges this attribute for router-initialized
.
Routing parameters
It would be nice to have routes like this: /user/1234/edit
, but in current
state of Polymer it would be difficult to create such link. Polymer doesn't
support expressions at this moment, so you cannot write
href="/user/{{user.id}}/edit"
.
Because of this, your routes should be "hardwired constants" and everything what changes, should be provided via parameters.
go for PI
You still cannot render href="#/my/hardwired/route;{{currentValueOfPI}};another-parameter"
, but you can use additional data-router
attributes:
go for PI
Note: At this point routing parameters are simply a List<String>
.
Using router in your elements
fnx-router
element is really just a smarter div. You will probably need to fetch data from API
whenever your element becomes visible etc. Good news - thanks to Polymer behaviors,
it's really easy.
Enhance your element with FnxRouterBehavior
like this:
In your template:
<dom-module id="my-smart-rest-element" attributes="route">
In your class:
class MySmartRestElement extends PolymerElement with FnxRouterBehavior {
...
And add a callback for visibility changes:
void routeChanged(bool visible, List<String> params) {
if (visible) { foo(); } else { bar(); }
}
For example, fnx-router
element looks like this:
@PolymerRegister("fnx-router")
class FnxRouter extends PolymerElement with FnxRouterBehavior {
FnxRouter.created() : super.created();
void routeChanged(bool visible, List<String> params) {
if (visible) {
toggleAttribute("router-visible", true);
} else {
toggleAttribute("router-visible", false);
}
}
It cannot be easier! routeChanged
callback will be invoked each time when:
- your element is invisible and should become visible
- your element is visible and should become invisible
- your element is visible and should stay visible, but params changed (see Routing parameters above)
API
With FnxRouterBehavior
your element has access to:
// current state of visibility
@property(notify: true)
bool routerVisible = false;
// last routing parameters
@property(notify: true)
List<String> routerParams = [];
// absolute route to parent element (/amazing)
@property
String absoluteParentRoute = null;
// absolute route to this element (/amazing/stuff)
@property
String absoluteRoute = null;
Notes, details and TODOs
Routing rules for element are evaluated in attached()
Polymer lifecycle method and cannot be changed later.
fnx-router works only with shady DOM.
Contact
Feel free to contact me at <user-element>tomucha</user-element><host-element<EMAIL_ADDRESS>,
or fill-in a bugreport on Github issue tracking.
Libraries
- fnx_router.behavior
-
Routing behavior for Polymer elements. …
- fnx_router.element
-
Simple element with FnxRouterBehavior.


Protocols for running common analyses in GenePattern
Run an Analysis in GenePattern
Learn how to run an analysis in GenePattern by preprocessing gene expression data and visualizing the resulting data as a heat map.
Differential Expression Analysis
Find genes that are significantly differentially expressed between classes of samples.
Clustering
Group genes and/or samples by similar expression profiles.
Prediction
Create a model, also referred to as a classifier or class predictor, that correctly classifies unlabeled samples into known classes.
SNP Copy Number and Loss of Heterozygosity Determination
Compute SNP copy number (CN) and loss of heterozygosity (LOH) based on Affymetrix SNP chip data for paired target/normal samples.


EBD - Easton Bible DIctionary
Rechab
RECHAB
"RECHAB "horseman, or chariot. (1.) One of Ishbosheth’s “captains of bands” or leaders of predatory troops (
2 Samuel 4:2
).
(2.) The father of Jehonadab, who was the father of the Rechabites (
2 Kings 10:15, 23
;
Jeremiah 35:6-19
).
"RECHAB "horseman, or chariot. (1.) One of Ishbosheth’s “captains of bands” or leaders of predatory troops (2 Samuel 4:2).
(2.) The father of Jehonadab, who was the father of the Rechabites (2 Kings 10:15, 23; Jeremiah 35:6-19).


Compounds |
| class | TCollection |
| | Streamable collection of items. More...
|
| class | TPoint |
| | Two-point screen coordinate. More...
|
| class | TRect |
| | Screen rectangular area. More...
|
| class | TSortedCollection |
| | Sorted, streamable collection of objects. More...
|
Functions |
| ipstream& | operator>> (ipstream &is, TPoint &p) |
| ipstream& | operator>> (ipstream &is, TPoint *&p) |
| opstream& | operator<< (opstream &os, TPoint &p) |
| opstream& | operator<< (opstream &os, TPoint *p) |
| ipstream& | operator>> (ipstream &is, TRect &r) |
| ipstream& | operator>> (ipstream &is, TRect *&r) |
| opstream& | operator<< (opstream &os, TRect &r) |
| opstream& | operator<< (opstream &os, TRect *r) |
| ipstream& | operator>> (ipstream &is, TCollection &cl) |
| ipstream& | operator>> (ipstream &is, TCollection *&cl) |
| opstream& | operator<< (opstream &os, TCollection &cl) |
| opstream& | operator<< (opstream &os, TCollection *cl) |
| ipstream& | operator>> (ipstream &is, TSortedCollection &cl) |
| ipstream& | operator>> (ipstream &is, TSortedCollection *&cl) |
| opstream& | operator<< (opstream &os, TSortedCollection &cl) |
| opstream& | operator<< (opstream &os, TSortedCollection *cl) |


When dust is completely removed, annual mean surface temperature over northern Africa, Arabia and Iran is increased significantly, by as much as 2.5 °C, and that over the tropical North Atlantic is increased by ~0.5 °C for both the MH and EH climate (Fig. 2b,c). These regions (focusing on the MH climate first) are under direct effect of dust removal, and are warmed mainly by the increased shortwave forcing (Supplementary Fig. 3a). The longwave forcing at the top of atmosphere (TOA) over these regions is negative (i.e. more is going out) but of smaller magnitude (Supplementary Fig. 3b). The change of the net radiative fluxes at TOA is decomposed into the instantaneous radiative effect of the dust and radiative feedbacks consisting of the water vapor, cloud, albedo, and temperature feedbacks 25, 26 (Fig. 3). The TOA radiative kernels of Shell et al. 27, created from the NCAR CAM3, are used here. The analyses show that the increased shortwave forcing is primarily due to reduced scattering of dust (Fig. 3a). Averaged globally, the direct radiative forcing of dust removal for the MH climate is 0.68 W m −2. This value is similar to total direct forcing (0.60 W m −2) for the present-day climate in a more advanced version of CCSM3 that calculates the longwave radiative effect of dust, diagnosed by Yoshioka et al. 28 using a more accurate but computationally expensive method.
Annual-mean present-day dust loading ( a), and the surface temperature change in ( b) 6 ka and ( c) 9 ka when this dust is completely removed. Only the changes that are significant to the 5% level (calculated by two-tailed student-t test) are shown. The zonal-mean temperature change in ( b, c) are shown in ( d, e), respectively. Figure generated using NCL 46.
Change of shortwave ( a– d) and longwave ( e– g) top-of-atmosphere radiative fluxes due to different components for the MH climate when dust is completely removed. In g), the increased outward longwave emission is due to temperature increase of both surface and atmosphere. The global mean values are indicated at the top right corner of each panel, with unit of W m −2. Note the different color scale for each row. Figure generated using NCL 46.
The positive feedback due to water vapor, 0.58 W m −2 (Fig. 3b,e), is of almost the same magnitude as the direct forcing of the dust. The response of cloud in this model generates a net negative forcing of −0.20 W m −2 (Fig. 3c,f). The change of longwave forcing corresponds well to the change of high cloud, while the shortwave forcing corresponds mostly to the change of middle cloud in the tropical region and to the change of low cloud in the extratropics (Supplementary Fig. 4). The heat transports in the atmosphere and ocean tend to compensate with each other in the mid- to high latitude 29, but they both transport heat away from the northern tropical region where the most of the dust is removed (Supplementary Fig. 5). The equivalent radiative forcing of heat transport averaged over the southern hemisphere (90–30°S) is 0.23 W m −2, much larger than the direct forcing of dust (0.08 W m −2) there. This heat transport is mainly achieved by the atmosphere (Supplementary Fig. 5a). The heat transport enhances sea-ice melting in both polar regions, which induces a further positive feedback by reducing surface albedo (Fig. 3d). When averaged over the globe, this generates a small positive forcing of 0.06 W m −2. The positive forcings above are approximately balanced by the increased emission of longwave radiation due to increased surface and air temperature (Fig. 3g; see all the numbers in Fig. 3). As a result, the global mean surface temperature increases by 0.30 °C. The cooling in the Nordic seas (Fig. 2b) is caused by slight weakening of the Atlantic meridional ocean circulation (AMOC). If a slab ocean of 50 m thick instead of a dynamical ocean was used in the model, the surface temperature would increase almost everywhere when dust is removed (Supplementary Fig. 6). The change of global mean surface temperature is 0.31 °C, almost the same as that in the coupled model. Therefore, the major role of the ocean dynamics is to distribute heat differently, most notably in the northern North Atlantic (compare Supplementary Fig. 6 with Fig. 2b).
For the EH, removal of dust induced a global warming of 0.23 °C, less than that for the MH, mainly due to more negative cloud forcing and smaller water vapor feedback (Supplementary Fig. 7). Because the instantaneous direct forcing of dust is diagnosed to be the same between EH and MH (compare Supplementary Fig. 7a and Fig. 3a), this indicates dependence of dust effect on the background climate state rather than on the variation of seasonal insolation.
Our model derived warming due to dust removal can be used to estimate the potential contribution of the dust effect on model-data discrepancy. In particular, since the model employed here is the same as that used in the CCSM3 transient simulation in Liu et al. 2, our results can be considered as a direct correction to the CCSM3 transient simulation there with the dust effect. Our model estimation indicates that the model-data discrepancy may be significantly reduced had the reduction of dust emission during AHP been considered in their simulations. For the extreme case of a complete removal of dust, the increase of MH annual temperature (seasonally-biased site stack) is 0.10 °C (0.26 °C), 0.33 °C (0.32 °C) and 0.15 °C (0.15 °C) averaged over the northern hemisphere (30–90°N), tropics (30°S–30°N) and southern hemisphere (90–30°S), respectively. This magnitude of warming almost compensates the model discrepancy at 6ka, if the summer bias on proxy data is considered, for the northern hemisphere and tropics, and in turn global mean (red stars, Fig. 1). The improvement in the southern hemisphere, where the model-observation discrepancy could not be explained by seasonal bias of the proxy data at all, is also obvious, although the data-model discrepancy remains large (Fig. 1d).
For the EH, the model-data discrepancy is similarly reduced in terms of global mean when dust is removed (Fig. 1 and Supplementary Table 1). Regionally, the temperature over the tropical region is over-corrected (Fig. 1c), while the southern hemisphere under-corrected (Fig. 1d). However, the snapshot simulation for the early Holocene done here may be less appropriate than for the mid Holocene because the climate has significant transient evolution during the early Holocene (black lines in Fig. 1). The response of southern ocean to dust reduction in a transient simulation may differ from that simulated here; it may transport more heat to the polar region when dust is removed, rather than less heat as simulated here (Supplementary Fig. 5b). Of course the large model-data discrepancy in the southern ocean (Fig. 1d) could as well be due to insufficient knowledge about the evolution of the Antarctic ice sheet during the last deglaciation; the freshwater forcing in the southern hemisphere applied in the CCSM3 simulation of Liu et al. 2 (see Fig. 25a of He 30) is much different from the time series of iceberg discharge from Weddell Sea reconstructed more recently 31.
The change of global-mean annual surface temperature is smaller when only a fraction of dust loading is removed. It increases linearly by 0.030 °C (0.023 °C) per 10 percent of dust removal with a correlation coefficient of 0.97 (0.99) for the MH (EH) (Fig. 4). The site-stacked global-mean temperature also scales linearly because the patterns of temperature change are similar for different dust reductions (not shown). Therefore, if the dust loading in the atmosphere was reduced by ~60% as estimated in ref. 18 (see the Introduction section) instead of 100%, during the AHP, the global-mean surface temperature increases by 0.18 °C (0.17 °C for the seasonally-biased site-stack). The warming effect for the 50% dust reduction in the MH appears anomalous because it is the only experiment that deviates from the overall linear relationship in both MH and EH (Fig. 4). Because of this, an additional CCSM3 simulation was carried out to determine the warming effect of a 60% dust reduction more precisely, which gave a result of 0.14 °C. The ensemble mean of PMIP2 and PMIP3 snapshot experiments produced an MH climate that is 0.16 °C (seasonally-biased site-stack) warmer than the PI (the red pentacle in Supplementary Fig. 1). If we take the model-data discrepancy to be 0.50–0.16 = 0.34 °C, a 60% reduction of dust loading can therefore still account for about half of the remaining model-data discrepancy.
Change of global-mean annual surface temperature for different dust loading relative to that for the default (100%) dust loading, for ( a) 6 ka and ( b) 9 ka. Different symbols represent mean values over the northern hemisphere (triangle; 30–90°N), tropics (circle; 30°S–30°N), southern hemisphere (asterisk; 90–30°S), and the whole globe (red filled circle).


[§340B-3.5] Wastewater treatment certification board special fund. (a) There is established in the state treasury a special fund to be known as the wastewater treatment certification board special fund. The following moneys collected by the board shall be deposited into the special fund:
(1) Registration fees for examinations;
(2) Renewal fees;
(3) Reciprocity fees; and
(4) Temporary certificates fees.
All interest earned or accrued on moneys deposited into the special fund shall become a part of the special fund.
(b) All moneys paid into the special fund shall be expended by the board to finance its operations. [L 1999, c 238, §1]


Determines the discrete timesteps of the simulation environment.
| Enumerator |
|---|
| Frame_dependent_ | Waiting for frame instead means stable physics(Multiple fixed updates) and camera has updated their rendertextures. Pauses the game after every reaction until next reaction is received.
|
| Physics_dependent_ | Camera observers should be manually rendered to ensure validity and freshness with camera.Render()
|
| Event_dependent_ | Camera observers should be manually rendered to ensure validity and freshness with camera.Render()
|
| Independent_ | Continue simulation
|
Definition at line 5 of file SimulationType.cs.