FAQ¶
Cuold iEVA be considered a variant caller?¶
iEVA is not a variant caller because iEVA does not include any genotyping algorithm. It simply needs as input a vcf file from variant calling and generates as output a new vcf file enriched with all extracted information.
How iEVA extracts genotype informations?¶
iEVA extracts genotype attributes like -iDP or -iAD by simply taking into account information about variant position, REF and ALT field for vcf input file. After that, iEVA iterates all reads mapping variant position in bam file, looking for reads carrying REF or ALT allele.
Can I use any bam file or reference fasta file with iEVA?¶
Yes. You can use any bam or reference fasta file used in variant calling analysis.
However, consider that some information can be extracted only if you made the respective analysis on bam file. For example, you cannot extract information about fraction of duplicate reads without marking duplicate step on bam file. In this case, not extracted options will be reported with missing value ‘.’ in output vcf file. In addition, bam analysis depends on pysam requirements.


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Utilities that must be implemented in a platform-specific way. More...
#include <PlatformUtils.hpp>
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static XMLSize_t | alignPointerForNewBlockAllocation (XMLSize_t ptrSize) |
| Aligns the specified pointer per platform block allocation requirements. | |
Initialization and Panic methods | |
| static void | Initialize (const char *const locale=XMLUni::fgXercescDefaultLocale, const char *const nlsHome=0, PanicHandler *const panicHandler=0, MemoryManager *const memoryManager=0) |
| Perform per-process parser initialization. | |
| static void | Initialize (XMLSize_t initialDOMHeapAllocSize, XMLSize_t maxDOMHeapAllocSize, XMLSize_t maxDOMSubAllocationSize, const char *const locale=XMLUni::fgXercescDefaultLocale, const char *const nlsHome=0, PanicHandler *const panicHandler=0, MemoryManager *const memoryManager=0) |
| Perform per-process parser initialization. | |
| static void | Terminate () |
| Perform per-process parser termination. | |
| static void | panic (const PanicHandler::PanicReasons reason) |
| The panic mechanism. | |
File Methods | |
| static XMLFileMgr * | makeFileMgr (MemoryManager *const manager) |
| Make a new file object appropriate for the platform. | |
| static XMLFilePos | curFilePos (FileHandle theFile, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Get the current file position. | |
| static void | closeFile (FileHandle theFile, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Closes the file handle. | |
| static XMLFilePos | fileSize (FileHandle theFile, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Returns the file size. | |
| static FileHandle | openFile (const char *const fileName, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Opens the file. | |
| static FileHandle | openFile (const XMLCh *const fileName, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Opens a named file. | |
| static FileHandle | openFileToWrite (const char *const fileName, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Open a named file to write. | |
| static FileHandle | openFileToWrite (const XMLCh *const fileName, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Open a named file to write. | |
| static FileHandle | openStdInHandle (MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Opens the standard input as a file. | |
| static XMLSize_t | readFileBuffer (FileHandle theFile, const XMLSize_t toRead, XMLByte *const toFill, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Reads the file buffer. | |
| static void | writeBufferToFile (FileHandle const theFile, XMLSize_t toWrite, const XMLByte *const toFlush, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Writes the buffer to the file. | |
| static void | resetFile (FileHandle theFile, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Resets the file handle. | |
File System Methods | |
| static XMLCh * | getFullPath (const XMLCh *const srcPath, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Gets the full path from a relative path. | |
| static XMLCh * | getCurrentDirectory (MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Gets the current working directory. | |
| static bool | isAnySlash (XMLCh c) |
| Check if a character is a slash. | |
| static void | removeDotSlash (XMLCh *const srcPath, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Remove occurrences of the pair of dot slash. | |
| static void | removeDotDotSlash (XMLCh *const srcPath, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Remove occurrences of the dot dot slash. | |
| static bool | isRelative (const XMLCh *const toCheck, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Determines if a path is relative or absolute. | |
| static XMLCh * | weavePaths (const XMLCh *const basePath, const XMLCh *const relativePath, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Utility to join two paths. | |
Timing Methods | |
| static unsigned long | getCurrentMillis () |
| Gets the system time in milliseconds. | |
Mutex Methods | |
| static XMLMutexMgr * | makeMutexMgr (MemoryManager *const manager) |
| Factory method for creating MutexMgr object. | |
| static void | closeMutex (void *const mtxHandle, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Closes a mutex handle. | |
| static void | lockMutex (void *const mtxHandle) |
| Locks a mutex handle. | |
| static void * | makeMutex (MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| Make a new mutex. | |
| static void | unlockMutex (void *const mtxHandle) |
| Unlocks a mutex. | |
External Message Support | |
| static XMLMsgLoader * | loadMsgSet (const XMLCh *const msgDomain) |
| Loads the message set from among the available domains. | |
NEL Character Handling | |
| static void | recognizeNEL (bool state, MemoryManager *const manager=XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager) |
| This function enables the recognition of NEL(0x85) char and LSEP (0x2028) as newline chars which is disabled by default. | |
| static bool | isNELRecognized () |
| Return the value of fgNEL flag. | |
Strict IANA Encoding Checking | |
| static void | strictIANAEncoding (const bool state) |
| This function enables/disables strict IANA encoding names checking. | |
| static bool | isStrictIANAEncoding () |
| Returns whether a strict IANA encoding name check is enabled or disabled. | |
Static Public Attributes | |
Public Static Data | |
| static XMLNetAccessor * | fgNetAccessor |
| The network accessor. | |
| static XMLTransService * | fgTransService |
| The transcoding service. | |
| static PanicHandler * | fgUserPanicHandler |
| The Panic Handler. | |
| static PanicHandler * | fgDefaultPanicHandler |
| The Panic Handler. | |
| static MemoryManager * | fgMemoryManager |
| The configurable memory manager. | |
| static XMLFileMgr * | fgFileMgr |
| static XMLMutexMgr * | fgMutexMgr |
| static XMLMutex * | fgAtomicMutex |
| Global mutex for fast or infrequent operations. | |
| static bool | fgXMLChBigEndian |
| static bool | fgSSE2ok |
Utilities that must be implemented in a platform-specific way.
This class contains methods that must be implemented in a platform specific manner. The actual implementations of these methods are available in the per-platform files inside src/util/Platforms
.
| static XMLSize_t xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::alignPointerForNewBlockAllocation | ( | XMLSize_t | ptrSize | ) | [inline, static] |
Aligns the specified pointer per platform block allocation requirements.
The results of this function may be altered by defining XML_PLATFORM_NEW_BLOCK_ALIGNMENT.
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::closeFile | ( | FileHandle | theFile, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Closes the file handle.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to close the passed file handle, and to destroy the passed file handle and any allocated data or system resources it contains.
| theFile | The file handle to close | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::closeMutex | ( | void *const | mtxHandle, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Closes a mutex handle.
Each per-platform driver must implement this. Only it knows what the actual content of the passed mutex handle is.
| mtxHandle | The mutex handle that you want to close | |
| manager | The MemoryManager used to allocate the object |
| static XMLFilePos xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::curFilePos | ( | FileHandle | theFile, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Get the current file position.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to determine the current position within the passed file.
Since the file API provided here only reads, if the host platform supports separate read/write positions, only the read position is of any interest, and hence should be the one returned.
| theFile | The file handle | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static XMLFilePos xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fileSize | ( | FileHandle | theFile, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Returns the file size.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to determine the current size of the file represented by the passed handle.
| theFile | The file handle whose size you want | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static XMLCh* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::getCurrentDirectory | ( | MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager |
) | [static] |
Gets the current working directory.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver. It returns the current working directory is.
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static unsigned long xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::getCurrentMillis | ( | ) | [static] |
Gets the system time in milliseconds.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local services to return the current value of a running millisecond timer. Note that the value returned is only as accurate as the millisecond time of the underlying host system.
| static XMLCh* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::getFullPath | ( | const XMLCh *const | srcPath, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Gets the full path from a relative path.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver. It should complete a relative path using the 'current directory', or whatever the local equivalent of a current directory is. If the passed source path is actually fully qualified, then a straight copy of it will be returned.
| srcPath | The path of the file for which you want the full path | |
| manager | Pointer to the memory manager to be used to allocate objects. |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::Initialize | ( | XMLSize_t | initialDOMHeapAllocSize, | |
| XMLSize_t | maxDOMHeapAllocSize, | |||
| XMLSize_t | maxDOMSubAllocationSize, | |||
| const char *const | locale = XMLUni::fgXercescDefaultLocale , |
|||
| const char *const | nlsHome = 0 , |
|||
| PanicHandler *const | panicHandler = 0 , |
|||
| MemoryManager *const | memoryManager = 0 | |||
| ) | [static] |
Perform per-process parser initialization.
Initialization must be called first in any client code.
| initialDOMHeapAllocSize | The size of the first memory block allocated by the DOMDocument heap. Note that changing this parameter may result in poor performance and/or excessive memory usage. For the default value refer to dom/impl/DOMDocumentImpl.cpp. | |
| maxDOMHeapAllocSize | The maximum size of the memory block allocated by the DOMDocument heap. As the document grows, the allocated by the heap memory blocks grow from initialDOMHeapAllocSize to maxDOMHeapAllocSize. Note that changing this parameter may result in poor performance and/or excessive memory usage. For the default value refer to dom/impl/DOMDocumentImpl.cpp. | |
| maxDOMSubAllocationSize | The maximum size of the memory block requested that is handled by the DOMDocument heap. A request for a larger block is handled directly by the memory manager. Note that changing this parameter may result in poor performance and/or excessive memory usage. For the default value refer to dom/impl/DOMDocumentImpl.cpp. | |
| locale | The locale to use for messages. |
The locale is set iff the Initialize() is invoked for the very first time, to ensure that each and every message loader, in the process space, share the same locale.
All subsequent invocations of Initialize(), with a different locale, have no effect on the message loaders, either instantiated, or to be instantiated.
To set to a different locale, client application needs to Terminate() (or multiple Terminate() in the case where multiple Initialize() have been invoked before), followed by Initialize(new_locale).
The default locale is "en_US".
| nlsHome | User specified location where MsgLoader retrieves error message files. the discussion above with regard to locale, applies to nlsHome as well. | |
| panicHandler | Application's panic handler, application owns this handler. Application shall make sure that the plugged panic handler persists through the call to XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate(). | |
| memoryManager | Plugged-in memory manager which is owned by the application. Applications must make sure that the plugged-in memory manager persist through the call to XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate() |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::Initialize | ( | const char *const | locale = XMLUni::fgXercescDefaultLocale , |
|
| const char *const | nlsHome = 0 , |
|||
| PanicHandler *const | panicHandler = 0 , |
|||
| MemoryManager *const | memoryManager = 0 | |||
| ) | [static] |
Perform per-process parser initialization.
Initialization must be called first in any client code.
| locale | The locale to use for messages. |
The locale is set iff the Initialize() is invoked for the very first time, to ensure that each and every message loader, in the process space, share the same locale.
All subsequent invocations of Initialize(), with a different locale, have no effect on the message loaders, either instantiated, or to be instantiated.
To set to a different locale, client application needs to Terminate() (or multiple Terminate() in the case where multiple Initialize() have been invoked before), followed by Initialize(new_locale).
The default locale is "en_US".
| nlsHome | User specified location where MsgLoader retrieves error message files. the discussion above with regard to locale, applies to nlsHome as well. | |
| panicHandler | Application's panic handler, application owns this handler. Application shall make sure that the plugged panic handler persists through the call to XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate(). | |
| memoryManager | Plugged-in memory manager which is owned by the application. Applications must make sure that the plugged-in memory manager persist through the call to XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate() |
| static bool xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::isAnySlash | ( | XMLCh | c | ) | [inline, static] |
Check if a character is a slash.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver.
| c | the character to be examined |
| static bool xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::isNELRecognized | ( | ) | [static] |
Return the value of fgNEL flag.
| static bool xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::isRelative | ( | const XMLCh *const | toCheck, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Determines if a path is relative or absolute.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should determine whether the passed path is relative or not. The concept of relative and absolute might be... well relative on different platforms. But, as long as the determination is made consistently and in coordination with the weavePaths() method, it should work for any platform.
| toCheck | The file name which you want to check | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static bool xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::isStrictIANAEncoding | ( | ) | [static] |
Returns whether a strict IANA encoding name check is enabled or disabled.
| static XMLMsgLoader* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::loadMsgSet | ( | const XMLCh *const | msgDomain | ) | [static] |
Loads the message set from among the available domains.
The returned object must be dynamically allocated and the caller becomes responsible for cleaning it up.
| msgDomain | The message domain which you want to load |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::lockMutex | ( | void *const | mtxHandle | ) | [static] |
Locks a mutex handle.
Each per-platform driver must implement this. Only it knows what the actual content of the passed mutex handle is.
| mtxHandle | The mutex handle that you want to lock |
| static XMLFileMgr* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::makeFileMgr | ( | MemoryManager *const | manager | ) | [static] |
Make a new file object appropriate for the platform.
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static void* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::makeMutex | ( | MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager |
) | [static] |
Make a new mutex.
Each per-platform driver must implement this. Only it knows what the actual content of the passed mutex handle is. The returned handle pointer will be eventually passed to closeMutex() which is also implemented by the platform driver.
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static XMLMutexMgr* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::makeMutexMgr | ( | MemoryManager *const | manager | ) | [static] |
Factory method for creating MutexMgr object.
This factory method creates a mutexmgr that will be used on the particular platform.
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static FileHandle xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::openFile | ( | const XMLCh *const | fileName, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Opens a named file.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to open the passed file. If it fails, a null handle pointer should be returned.
| fileName | The string containing the name of the file | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static FileHandle xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::openFile | ( | const char *const | fileName, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Opens the file.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to open passed file. If it fails, a null handle pointer should be returned.
| fileName | The string containing the name of the file | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static FileHandle xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::openFileToWrite | ( | const XMLCh *const | fileName, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Open a named file to write.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to open the passed file. If it fails, a null handle pointer should be returned.
| fileName | The string containing the name of the file | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static FileHandle xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::openFileToWrite | ( | const char *const | fileName, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Open a named file to write.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to open passed file. If it fails, a null handle pointer should be returned.
| fileName | The string containing the name of the file | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static FileHandle xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::openStdInHandle | ( | MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager |
) | [static] |
Opens the standard input as a file.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to open a handle to the standard input. It should be a copy of the standard input handle, since it will be closed later!
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::panic | ( | const PanicHandler::PanicReasons | reason | ) | [static] |
The panic mechanism.
If, during initialization, we cannot even get far enough along to get transcoding up or get message loading working, we call this method.
Each platform can implement it however they want. This method will delegate the panic handling to a user specified panic handler or in the absence of it, the default panic handler.
In case the default panic handler does not support a particular platform, the platform specific panic handling shall be implemented here .
| reason | The enumeration that defines the cause of the failure |
| static XMLSize_t xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::readFileBuffer | ( | FileHandle | theFile, | |
| const XMLSize_t | toRead, | |||
| XMLByte *const | toFill, | |||
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Reads the file buffer.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to read up to 'toRead' bytes of data from the passed file, and return those bytes in the 'toFill' buffer. It is not an error not to read the requested number of bytes. When the end of file is reached, zero should be returned.
| theFile | The file handle to be read from. | |
| toRead | The maximum number of byte to read from the current position | |
| toFill | The byte buffer to fill | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::recognizeNEL | ( | bool | state, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
This function enables the recognition of NEL(0x85) char and LSEP (0x2028) as newline chars which is disabled by default.
It is only called once per process. Once it is set, any subsequent calls will result in exception being thrown.
Note: 1. Turning this option on will make the parser non compliant to XML 1.0. 2. This option has no effect to document conforming to XML 1.1 compliant, which always recognize these two chars (0x85 and 0x2028) as newline characters.
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::removeDotDotSlash | ( | XMLCh *const | srcPath, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Remove occurrences of the dot dot slash.
To remove the sequence, slash dot dot slash and its preceding path segment if and only if the preceding path segment is not slash dot dot slash.
| srcPath | The path for which you want to remove the slash dot dot slash sequence and its preceding path segment. | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::removeDotSlash | ( | XMLCh *const | srcPath, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Remove occurrences of the pair of dot slash.
To remove the sequence, dot slash if it is part of the sequence, slash dot slash.
| srcPath | The path for which you want to remove the dot slash sequence. | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::resetFile | ( | FileHandle | theFile, | |
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Resets the file handle.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver which will use local file services to reset the file position to the start of the the file.
| theFile | The file handle that you want to reset | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::strictIANAEncoding | ( | const bool | state | ) | [static] |
This function enables/disables strict IANA encoding names checking.
The strict checking is disabled by default.
| state | If true, a strict IANA encoding name check is performed, otherwise, no checking. |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::Terminate | ( | ) | [static] |
Perform per-process parser termination.
The termination call is currently optional, to aid those dynamically loading the parser to clean up before exit, or to avoid spurious reports from leak detectors.
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::unlockMutex | ( | void *const | mtxHandle | ) | [static] |
Unlocks a mutex.
Each per-platform driver must implement this. Only it knows what the actual content of the passed mutex handle is.
Note that, since the underlying system synchronization services are used, Xerces cannot guarantee that lock/unlock operations are correctly enforced on a per-thread basis or that incorrect nesting of lock/unlock operations will be caught.
| mtxHandle | The mutex handle that you want to unlock |
| static XMLCh* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::weavePaths | ( | const XMLCh *const | basePath, | |
| const XMLCh *const | relativePath, | |||
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Utility to join two paths.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, and should weave the relative path part together with the base part and return a new path that represents this combination.
If the relative part turns out to be fully qualified, it will be returned as is. If it is not, then it will be woven onto the passed base path, by removing one path component for each leading "../" (or whatever is the equivalent in the local system) in the relative path.
| basePath | The string containing the base path | |
| relativePath | The string containing the relative path | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
| static void xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::writeBufferToFile | ( | FileHandle const | theFile, | |
| XMLSize_t | toWrite, | |||
| const XMLByte *const | toFlush, | |||
| MemoryManager *const | manager = XMLPlatformUtils::fgMemoryManager | |||
| ) | [static] |
Writes the buffer to the file.
This must be implemented by the per-platform driver, which should use local file services to write up to 'toWrite' bytes of data to the passed file. Unless exception raised by local file services, 'toWrite' bytes of data is to be written to the passed file.
| theFile | The file handle to be written to. | |
| toWrite | The maximum number of byte to write from the current position | |
| toFlush | The byte buffer to flush | |
| manager | The MemoryManager to use to allocate objects |
XMLMutex* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgAtomicMutex [static] |
Global mutex for fast or infrequent operations.
Use this mutex only for fast (e.g., increment an integer, check flag, etc.) or infrequent (e.g., once-off initialization) operations.
PanicHandler* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgDefaultPanicHandler [static] |
The Panic Handler.
This is the default panic handler.
XMLFileMgr* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgFileMgr [static] |
The configurable memory manager.
This is the pluggable memory manager. If it is not provided by an application, a default implementation is used.
XMLMutexMgr* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgMutexMgr [static] |
XMLNetAccessor* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgNetAccessor [static] |
The network accessor.
This is provided by the per-platform driver, so each platform can choose what actual implementation it wants to use. The object must be dynamically allocated.
Note that you may optionally, if your platform driver does not install a network accessor, set it manually from your client code after calling Initialize(). This works because this object is not required during initialization, and only comes into play during actual XML parsing.
bool xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgSSE2ok [static] |
XMLTransService* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgTransService [static] |
The transcoding service.
This is provided by the per platform driver, so each platform can choose what implementation it wants to use. When the platform independent initialization code needs to get a transcoding service object, it will call makeTransService()
to ask the per-platform code to create one. Only one transcoding service object is requested per-process, so it is shared and synchronized among parser instances within that process.
PanicHandler* xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgUserPanicHandler [static] |
The Panic Handler.
This is the application provided panic handler.
bool xercesc::XMLPlatformUtils::fgXMLChBigEndian [static] |


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AWS::S3::Bucket ReplicationConfiguration
A container for replication rules. You can add up to 1,000 rules. The maximum size of a replication configuration is 2 MB.
Syntax
To declare this entity in your AWS CloudFormation template, use the following syntax:
JSON
{ "Role" :
String
, "Rules" :[ ReplicationRule, ... ]
}
YAML
Role:
String
Rules:- ReplicationRule
Properties
Role
-
The Amazon Resource Name (ARN) of the AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM) role that Amazon S3 assumes when replicating objects. For more information, see How to Set Up Replication in the Amazon S3 User Guide.
Required: Yes
Type: String
Update requires: No interruption
Rules
-
A container for one or more replication rules. A replication configuration must have at least one rule and can contain a maximum of 1,000 rules.
Required: Yes
Type: List of ReplicationRule
Update requires: No interruption
Examples
Associate a replication configuration IAM role with an S3 bucket
The following example creates an S3 bucket and grants it permission to write to a
replication bucket by using an AWS Identity and Access Management (IAM)
role. To avoid a circular dependency, the role's policy is declared as a separate
resource. The bucket depends on the WorkItemBucketBackupRole
role. If the
policy is included in the role, the role also depends on the bucket.
JSON
{ "Resources": { "RecordServiceS3Bucket": { "Type": "AWS::S3::Bucket", "DeletionPolicy": "Retain", "Properties": { "ReplicationConfiguration": { "Role": { "Fn::GetAtt": [ "WorkItemBucketBackupRole", "Arn" ] }, "Rules": [ { "Destination": { "Bucket": { "Fn::Join": [ "", [ "arn:aws:s3:::", { "Fn::Join": [ "-", [ { "Ref": "AWS::Region" }, { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" }, "replicationbucket" ] ] } ] ] }, "StorageClass": "STANDARD" }, "Id": "Backup", "Prefix": "", "Status": "Enabled" } ] }, "VersioningConfiguration": { "Status": "Enabled" } } }, "WorkItemBucketBackupRole": { "Type": "AWS::IAM::Role", "Properties": { "AssumeRolePolicyDocument": { "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "sts:AssumeRole" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Principal": { "Service": [ "s3.amazonaws.com" ] } } ] } } }, "BucketBackupPolicy": { "Type": "AWS::IAM::Policy", "Properties": { "PolicyDocument": { "Statement": [ { "Action": [ "s3:GetReplicationConfiguration", "s3:ListBucket" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": [ { "Fn::Join": [ "", [ "arn:aws:s3:::", { "Ref": "RecordServiceS3Bucket" } ] ] } ] }, { "Action": [ "s3:GetObjectVersion", "s3:GetObjectVersionAcl" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": [ { "Fn::Join": [ "", [ "arn:aws:s3:::", { "Ref": "RecordServiceS3Bucket" }, "/*" ] ] } ] }, { "Action": [ "s3:ReplicateObject", "s3:ReplicateDelete" ], "Effect": "Allow", "Resource": [ { "Fn::Join": [ "", [ "arn:aws:s3:::", { "Fn::Join": [ "-", [ { "Ref": "AWS::Region" }, { "Ref": "AWS::StackName" }, "replicationbucket" ] ] }, "/*" ] ] } ] } ] }, "PolicyName": "BucketBackupPolicy", "Roles": [ { "Ref": "WorkItemBucketBackupRole" } ] } } } }
YAML
Resources: RecordServiceS3Bucket: Type: 'AWS::S3::Bucket' DeletionPolicy: Retain Properties: ReplicationConfiguration: Role: !GetAtt - WorkItemBucketBackupRole - Arn Rules: - Destination: Bucket: !Join - '' - - 'arn:aws:s3:::' - !Join - '-' - - !Ref 'AWS::Region' - !Ref 'AWS::StackName' - replicationbucket StorageClass: STANDARD Id: Backup Prefix: '' Status: Enabled VersioningConfiguration: Status: Enabled WorkItemBucketBackupRole: Type: 'AWS::IAM::Role' Properties: AssumeRolePolicyDocument: Statement: - Action: - 'sts:AssumeRole' Effect: Allow Principal: Service: - s3.amazonaws.com BucketBackupPolicy: Type: 'AWS::IAM::Policy' Properties: PolicyDocument: Statement: - Action: - 's3:GetReplicationConfiguration' - 's3:ListBucket' Effect: Allow Resource: - !Join - '' - - 'arn:aws:s3:::' - !Ref RecordServiceS3Bucket - Action: - 's3:GetObjectVersion' - 's3:GetObjectVersionAcl' Effect: Allow Resource: - !Join - '' - - 'arn:aws:s3:::' - !Ref RecordServiceS3Bucket - /* - Action: - 's3:ReplicateObject' - 's3:ReplicateDelete' Effect: Allow Resource: - !Join - '' - - 'arn:aws:s3:::' - !Join - '-' - - !Ref 'AWS::Region' - !Ref 'AWS::StackName' - replicationbucket - /* PolicyName: BucketBackupPolicy Roles: - !Ref WorkItemBucketBackupRole
Enable versioning and replicate objects
The following example enables versioning and two replication rules. The rules copy
objects prefixed with either MyPrefix
and MyOtherPrefix
and
stores the copied objects in a bucket named my-replication-bucket
.
JSON
{ "AWSTemplateFormatVersion": "2010-09-09", "Resources": { "S3Bucket": { "Type": "AWS::S3::Bucket", "Properties": { "VersioningConfiguration": { "Status": "Enabled" }, "ReplicationConfiguration": { "Role": "arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/replication_role", "Rules": [ { "Id": "MyRule1", "Status": "Enabled", "Prefix": "MyPrefix", "Destination": { "Bucket": "arn:aws:s3:::my-replication-bucket", "StorageClass": "STANDARD" } }, { "Status": "Enabled", "Prefix": "MyOtherPrefix", "Destination": { "Bucket": "arn:aws:s3:::my-replication-bucket" } } ] } } } } }
YAML
AWSTemplateFormatVersion: 2010-09-09 Resources: S3Bucket: Type: 'AWS::S3::Bucket' Properties: VersioningConfiguration: Status: Enabled ReplicationConfiguration: Role: 'arn:aws:iam::123456789012:role/replication_role' Rules: - Id: MyRule1 Status: Enabled Prefix: MyPrefix Destination: Bucket: 'arn:aws:s3:::my-replication-bucket' StorageClass: STANDARD - Status: Enabled Prefix: MyOtherPrefix Destination: Bucket: 'arn:aws:s3:::my-replication-bucket'


Written and compiled by Sauda Habib.
At the end of this lesson you should have a brief overview of:
Bootstrap is a CSS framework with predefined CSS code that enables you as a designer to easily style your page. And if responsiveness was your weakness,with Bootstrap,it's time to say goodbye.
Just like Bootstrap, Jquery is a framework, but based on Javascript. It has predefined Javascript code that makes work a little bit easier for you as a developer.
 You're going to need to understand JS before you proceed to Jquery. As a fun fact, JS is the first programming language that more than 50% programmers familiarise themselves with on their programming journey
The Habib.co site wishes you all the best on your programming journey.


This is page {{id}}
It has value: {{another_value}}
This is another default filter for variable {{unknown_variable | default("This is the default value.")}}
{% if value == 3 %}
This is true and hence will be printed.
{% else %}
THis is printed and hence false. Yoi
{% endif %}
{% for value in array %}
The value is {{value}}
{% endfor %}


Nom Nom Pizza
Nom Nom Pizza Online Order Form:
Which toppings would you like on your pizza?
Toppings are $1 per item
*All pizzas are topped with Miyoko Mozzarella
Tomatoes
Roasted Garlic
Bell Peppers
Red Onion
Caramelized Onion
Sauteed Spinach
Fresh Basil
Olives
Soy curls
Tempeh Sausage
Seitan Pepperoni
Select pizza size:
12" Pizza: $12
18" Pizza: $18
Regular 12"
Large 18"
Submit Order
Your nomz total is:
$


Source code for pipeline.models
#!/usr/bin/env python
#
# Copyright 2010 Google Inc.
#
# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
# You may obtain a copy of the License at
#
# http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
#
# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
# limitations under the License.
"""Datastore models used by the Google App Engine Pipeline API."""
from google.appengine.ext import db
from google.appengine.ext import blobstore
try:
import json
except ImportError:
import simplejson as json
# Relative imports
import util
[docs]class PipelineRecord(db.Model):
"""Represents a Pipeline.
Key name is a randomly assigned UUID. No parent entity.
Properties:
class_path: Path of the Python class to use for this pipeline.
root_pipeline: The root of the whole workflow; set to itself this pipeline is its own root.
fanned_out: List of child _PipelineRecords that were started when this generator pipeline moved from WAITING to RUN.
start_time: For pipelines with no start _BarrierRecord, when this pipeline was enqueued to run immediately.
finalized_time: When this pipeline moved from WAITING or RUN to DONE.
params: Serialized parameter dictionary.
status: The current status of the pipeline.
current_attempt: The current attempt (starting at 0) to run.
max_attempts: Maximum number of attempts (starting at 0) to run.
next_retry_time: ETA of the next retry attempt.
retry_message: Why the last attempt failed; None or empty if no message.
Root pipeline properties:
is_root_pipeline: This is a root pipeline.
abort_message: Why the whole pipeline was aborted; only saved on root pipelines.
abort_requested: If an abort signal has been requested for this root pipeline; only saved on root pipelines
"""
WAITING = 'waiting'
RUN = 'run'
DONE = 'done'
ABORTED = 'aborted'
class_path = db.StringProperty()
root_pipeline = db.SelfReferenceProperty(
collection_name='child_pipelines_set')
fanned_out = db.ListProperty(db.Key, indexed=False)
start_time = db.DateTimeProperty(indexed=True)
finalized_time = db.DateTimeProperty(indexed=False)
# One of these two will be set, depending on the size of the params.
params_text = db.TextProperty(name='params')
params_blob = blobstore.BlobReferenceProperty(
name='params_blob', indexed=False)
status = db.StringProperty(choices=(WAITING, RUN, DONE, ABORTED),
default=WAITING)
# Retry behavior
current_attempt = db.IntegerProperty(default=0, indexed=False)
max_attempts = db.IntegerProperty(default=1, indexed=False)
next_retry_time = db.DateTimeProperty(indexed=False)
retry_message = db.TextProperty()
# Root pipeline properties
is_root_pipeline = db.BooleanProperty()
abort_message = db.TextProperty()
abort_requested = db.BooleanProperty(indexed=False)
@classmethod
def kind(cls):
return '_AE_Pipeline_Record'
@property
def params(self):
"""Returns the dictionary of parameters for this Pipeline."""
if hasattr(self, '_params_decoded'):
return self._params_decoded
if self.params_blob is not None:
value_encoded = self.params_blob.open().read()
else:
value_encoded = self.params_text
value = json.loads(value_encoded, cls=util.JsonDecoder)
if isinstance(value, dict):
kwargs = value.get('kwargs')
if kwargs:
adjusted_kwargs = {}
for arg_key, arg_value in kwargs.iteritems():
# Python only allows non-unicode strings as keyword arguments.
adjusted_kwargs[str(arg_key)] = arg_value
value['kwargs'] = adjusted_kwargs
self._params_decoded = value
return self._params_decoded
[docs]class SlotRecord(db.Model):
"""Represents an output slot.
Key name is a randomly assigned UUID. No parent for slots of child pipelines.
For the outputs of root pipelines, the parent entity is the root
_PipelineRecord (see Pipeline.start()).
Properties:
root_pipeline: The root of the workflow.
filler: The pipeline that filled this slot.
value: Serialized value for this slot.
status: The current status of the slot.
fill_time: When the slot was filled by the filler.
"""
FILLED = 'filled'
WAITING = 'waiting'
root_pipeline = db.ReferenceProperty(PipelineRecord)
filler = db.ReferenceProperty(PipelineRecord,
collection_name='filled_slots_set')
# One of these two will be set, depending on the size of the value.
value_text = db.TextProperty(name='value')
value_blob = blobstore.BlobReferenceProperty(
name='value_blob', indexed=False)
status = db.StringProperty(choices=(FILLED, WAITING), default=WAITING,
indexed=False)
fill_time = db.DateTimeProperty(indexed=False)
@classmethod
def kind(cls):
return '_AE_Pipeline_Slot'
@property
def value(self):
"""Returns the value of this Slot."""
if hasattr(self, '_value_decoded'):
return self._value_decoded
if self.value_blob is not None:
encoded_value = self.value_blob.open().read()
else:
encoded_value = self.value_text
self._value_decoded = json.loads(encoded_value, cls=util.JsonDecoder)
return self._value_decoded
[docs]class BarrierRecord(db.Model):
"""Represents a barrier.
Key name is the purpose of the barrier (START or FINALIZE). Parent entity
is the _PipelineRecord the barrier should trigger when all of its
blocking_slots are filled.
Properties:
root_pipeline: The root of the workflow.
target: The pipeline to run when the barrier fires.
blocking_slots: The slots that must be filled before this barrier fires.
trigger_time: When this barrier fired.
status: The current status of the barrier.
"""
# Barrier statuses
FIRED = 'fired'
WAITING = 'waiting'
# Barrier trigger reasons (used as key names)
START = 'start'
FINALIZE = 'finalize'
ABORT = 'abort'
root_pipeline = db.ReferenceProperty(PipelineRecord)
target = db.ReferenceProperty(PipelineRecord,
collection_name='called_barrier_set')
blocking_slots = db.ListProperty(db.Key)
trigger_time = db.DateTimeProperty(indexed=False)
status = db.StringProperty(choices=(FIRED, WAITING), default=WAITING,
indexed=False)
@classmethod
def kind(cls):
return '_AE_Pipeline_Barrier'
[docs]class BarrierIndex(db.Model):
"""Indicates a _BarrierRecord that is dependent on a slot.
Previously, when a _SlotRecord was filled, notify_barriers() would query for
all _BarrierRecords where the 'blocking_slots' property equals the
_SlotRecord's key. The problem with that approach is the 'blocking_slots'
index is eventually consistent, meaning _BarrierRecords that were just written
will not match the query. When pipelines are created and barriers are notified
in rapid succession, the inconsistent queries can cause certain barriers never
to fire. The outcome is a pipeline is WAITING and never RUN, even though all
of its dependent slots have been filled.
This entity is used to make it so barrier fan-out is fully consistent
with the High Replication Datastore. It's used by notify_barriers() to
do fully consistent ancestor queries every time a slot is filled. This
ensures that even all _BarrierRecords dependent on a _SlotRecord will
be found regardless of eventual consistency.
The key path for _BarrierIndexes is this for root entities:
_PipelineRecord<owns_slot_id>/_SlotRecord<slot_id>/_PipelineRecord<dependent_pipeline_id>/_BarrierIndex<purpose>
And this for child pipelines:
_SlotRecord<slot_id>/_PipelineRecord<dependent_pipeline_id>/_BarrierIndex<purpose>
That path is translated to the _BarrierRecord it should fire:
_PipelineRecord<dependent_pipeline_id>/_BarrierRecord<purpose>
All queries for _BarrierIndexes are key-only and thus the model requires
no properties or helper methods.
"""
# Enable this entity to be cleaned up.
root_pipeline = db.ReferenceProperty(PipelineRecord)
@classmethod
def kind(cls):
return '_AE_Barrier_Index'
@classmethod
[docs] def to_barrier_key(cls, barrier_index_key):
"""Converts a _BarrierIndex key to a _BarrierRecord key.
Args:
barrier_index_key: db.Key for a _BarrierIndex entity.
Returns:
db.Key for the corresponding _BarrierRecord entity.
"""
barrier_index_path = barrier_index_key.to_path()
# Pick out the items from the _BarrierIndex key path that we need to
# construct the _BarrierRecord key path.
(pipeline_kind, dependent_pipeline_id,
unused_kind, purpose) = barrier_index_path[-4:]
barrier_record_path = (
pipeline_kind, dependent_pipeline_id,
_BarrierRecord.kind(), purpose)
return db.Key.from_path(*barrier_record_path)
[docs]class StatusRecord(db.Model):
"""Represents the current status of a pipeline.
Properties:
message: The textual message to show.
console_url: URL to iframe as the primary console for this pipeline.
link_names: Human display names for status links.
link_urls: URLs corresponding to human names for status links.
status_time: When the status was written.
"""
root_pipeline = db.ReferenceProperty(PipelineRecord)
message = db.TextProperty()
console_url = db.TextProperty()
link_names = db.ListProperty(db.Text, indexed=False)
link_urls = db.ListProperty(db.Text, indexed=False)
status_time = db.DateTimeProperty(indexed=False)
@classmethod
def kind(cls):
return '_AE_Pipeline_Status'


{% extends "errors/error.html" %} {% block error_no %}404{% endblock %} {% block error_content %}
你似乎漂流到了一片未知的水域...
A careful and diligent search has been made for the desired page, but it just cannot be found.


This page includes two images as CSS backgrounds. PageSpeed will create a single sprite to minimize roundtrips.


Gridlock in Commonwealth JCR elections
The declaration of the results in the just held Commonwealth Hall Junior Common Room elections has been suspended indefinitely pending the resolution of allegations of irregularities raised by some parties.
The various candidates in the elections held on Friday [November 22] will have to wait for some time to know the outcome of the polls conducted in the Hall.
The election held to elect a new crop of executives for the next year hit a snag after disputes and minor disagreements hit the counting of ballots after polls.
Residents of the Hall throng out in their numbers to witness the counting of ballots. Representatives and supporters of some candidates raised serious questions concerning the total number of votes at Polling Station A.
They claim the total number of votes counted far exceeds the total number of votes cast hence prevented the electoral officials from declaring the results in the specific Polling station.
The Electoral Commissioner Mr. Zanu Emmanuel held on the results and indicated that he will be in talks with the various representatives of the respective candidates to thrash out all outstanding issues.
Some residents of the Hall allege a conspiracy to rig the election in favor of a particular presidential candidate.
Over 4 hours after the close of poll, the electoral commission of the JCR has not announced even provisional results.
For now, the 8 candidates vying for the 4 JCR Executive offices in Commonwealth Hall, together with other residents will have to wait for some time to know the outcome of the polls.
The presidency was contested between Daniel Nii Adjei, Barnabas Mensah and Ayumah Seth Sandys – all third year students.


Taking the Coursera Deep Learning Specialization, Neural Networks and Deep Learning course. Will post condensed notes every week as part of the review process. All material originates from the free Coursera course, taught by Andrew Ng. See deeplearning.ai for more details.
Assumes you have knowledge of Week 3.
Table of Contents
Deep Neural Networks
Deep Neural Network
Deep L-layer neural network
Capital $L$ denotes the number of layers in the network. $ L = 4 $
We use $n^{[l]}$ to denote number of units in layer $l$.
$$ n^{[0]} = n_x = 3, n^{[1]} = 5, n^{[2]} = 5, n^{[3]} = 3, n^{[4]} = 1, n^{[5]} = 1 $$
Forward Propagation in a Deep Network
$$ Z^{[l]} = W^{[l]} a ^{[l-1]} + b^{[l]} $$ $$ a^{[l]} = g^{[l]}(Z^{[l]}) $$
Vectorized:
$$ X = A^{[0]} $$ $$ Z^{[1]} = W^{[1]} X + b^{[l]} $$ $$ A^{[1]} = g^{[1]}(Z^{[1]}) $$
Getting your matrix dimensions right
$$ W^{[1]} : (n^{[1]}, n^{[0]}) $$
$$ W^{[l]} : (n^{[l]}, n^{[l-1]}) $$
The shape of $b$ should be $b^{[l]} : (n^{[l]}, 1) $.
Why deep representations?
Composing functions of increasing complexity, ie consider a face classifier - detect edges -> detect eyes, or noses -> detect groupings of eyes and noses
Circuit theory and deep learning:
Informally: There are functions you can compute with a “small” L-layer deep neural network that shallower networks require exponentially more hidden units to compute.
Building blocks of deep neural networks
Z is cached and used in both forward and back propagation.
Forward and Backward Propagation
Forward propagation
- input $a^{[l-1]}$
- output $a^{[l]}$, cache $(z^{[l]})$
$$ z^{[l]} = w^{[l]} z^{[l-1]} + b^{[l]} $$ $$ a^{[l]} = g^{[l]}(z^{[l]}) $$
Vectorized
$$ Z^{[l]} = W^{[l]} A^{[l-1]} = b^{[l]} $$ $$ A^{[l]} = g^{[l]} (Z^{[l]}) $$
Back propagation
- input $da^{[l]}$
- output $da^{[l-1]}, dW^{[l]}, db^{[l]}$
$$ dz^{[l]} = da^{[l]} \times g^{[l]}‘(z^{[l]}) $$ $$ dW^{[l]} = dz^{[l]} \times a^{[l-1]} $$ $$ db^{[l]} = dz^{[l]} $$ $$ dz^{[l-1]} = w^{[l]T} \times dz^{[l]} $$
$$ da^{[l]} = -\dfrac{y}{a} + \dfrac{(1-y)}{(1-a)} $$
Parameters vs Hyperparameters
Parameters $ W^{[1]}, b^{[1]}, W^{[2]}, b^{[2]}, \dots $
Hyperparameters:
- learning rate $\alpha$
- number of iterations
- number of hidden layers L
- number of hidden units per layer
- choice of activation function per layer
Later hyperparameters
- momentum
- minibatch size
- regularizations
Applied deep learning is a very empirical process.
Idea -> Code -> Experiment
<- Repeat <-
What does this have to do with the brain?
Less like brain, more like universal function approximator.


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--- layout: post title: 'The Race to the Middle: Accenture Technology Report 2012' date: '2012-01-23T19:42:20-08:00' tags: tumblr_url: http://alexhwilliams.tumblr.com/post/16390338402/the-race-to-the-middle-accenture-technology-report ---
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Copyright ©1999 - 2002 W3C® (MIT, INRIA, Keio), All Rights Reserved. W3C liability, trademark, document use and software licensing rules apply.
This document provides information to authoring tool developers who wish to satisfy the checkpoints of "Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines 1.0" [ATAG10]. It includes suggested techniques, sample strategies in deployed tools, and references to other accessibility resources (such as platform-specific software accessibility guidelines) that provide additional information on how a tool may satisfy each checkpoint.
This document is part of a series of accessibility documents published by the W3C Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI).
This section describes the status of this document at the time of its publication. Other documents may supersede this document. The latest status of this document series is maintained at the W3C.
This document is published as an informative appendix to the Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines. The document represents an attempt to make it clearer how to use the techniques for different types of tools.
For further information about Working Group decisions, please consult the minutes of AUWG Meetings.
This document has been produced by the Authoring Tool Accessibility Guidelines Working Group (AUWG) as part of the Web Accessibility Initiative (WAI). The goals of the Working Group are discussed in the AUWG charter. The AUWG is part of the WAI Technical Activity.
Please send comments about this document to the public mailing list<EMAIL_ADDRESS>(public archives).
A list of current W3C Recommendations and other technical documents including Working Drafts and Notes can be found at http://www.w3.org/TR/.
This document has been divided into a multi-part hypertext document to keep individual pages to a manageable size. There are publishing conventions used to identify various features and parts of the document. Some of these will be used to provide multiple views of the techniques - for example implementation techniques for a particular kind of tool, or references for particular techniques. Other conventions are used to ensure that this document is compatible with ATAG version 1.0 or will be compatible with ATAG wombat with a minimum of difficulty or change.
Note on applicability of techniques: The following techniques are applicable to all kinds of authoring tools, including those that are insertable components of other authoring tools. For example, if an authoring tool for designing on-line courses (courseware) has a prefabricated chat facility that the instructor can drag on to their page, this component must comply with all the techniques for accessible output (guidelines 1-6) and accessible user interface (guideline 7).
Note: Many checkpoints may not apply to a given category of authoring tool (e.g., markup tools, but not multimedia tools). Each section contains a link to a version with icons representing relevant tool categories for each checkpoint. These versions can be viewed by selecting the "turn on icons" link found at the top of each section.


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| 1 | /* | |
| 2 | * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more | |
| 3 | * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with | |
| 4 | * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. | |
| 5 | * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 | |
| 6 | * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with | |
| 7 | * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at | |
| 8 | * | |
| 9 | * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 | |
| 10 | * | |
| 11 | * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software | |
| 12 | * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, | |
| 13 | * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. | |
| 14 | * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and | |
| 15 | * limitations under the License. | |
| 16 | */ | |
| 17 | ||
| 18 | package org.apache.commons.imaging.util; | |
| 19 | ||
| 20 | import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream; | |
| 21 | import java.io.IOException; | |
| 22 | import java.io.OutputStream; | |
| 23 | ||
| 24 | public class CachingOutputStream extends OutputStream { | |
| 25 | private final OutputStream os; | |
| 26 | private final ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); | |
| 27 | ||
| 28 | public CachingOutputStream(final OutputStream os) { | |
| 29 | this.os = os; | |
| 30 | } | |
| 31 | ||
| 32 | @Override | |
| 33 | public void write(final int b) throws IOException { | |
| 34 |
1
1. write : removed call to java/io/OutputStream::write → NO_COVERAGE |
os.write(b); |
| 35 |
1
1. write : removed call to java/io/ByteArrayOutputStream::write → NO_COVERAGE |
baos.write(b); |
| 36 | } | |
| 37 | ||
| 38 | public byte[] getCache() { | |
| 39 |
1
1. getCache : mutated return of Object value for org/apache/commons/imaging/util/CachingOutputStream::getCache to ( if (x != null) null else throw new RuntimeException ) → NO_COVERAGE |
return baos.toByteArray(); |
| 40 | } | |
| 41 | ||
| 42 | @Override | |
| 43 | public void close() throws IOException { | |
| 44 |
1
1. close : removed call to java/io/OutputStream::close → NO_COVERAGE |
os.close(); |
| 45 | } | |
| 46 | ||
| 47 | @Override | |
| 48 | public void flush() throws IOException { | |
| 49 |
1
1. flush : removed call to java/io/OutputStream::flush → NO_COVERAGE |
os.flush(); |
| 50 | } | |
| 51 | ||
| 52 | } | |
Mutations | ||
| 34 |
1.1 |
|
| 35 |
1.1 |
|
| 39 |
1.1 |
|
| 44 |
1.1 |
|
| 49 |
1.1 |


| kalman {pomp} | R Documentation |
The ensemble Kalman filter and ensemble adjustment Kalman filter.
## S4 method for signature 'data.frame'
enkf(
data,
Np,
params,
rinit,
rprocess,
emeasure,
vmeasure,
...,
verbose = getOption("verbose", FALSE)
)
## S4 method for signature 'pomp'
enkf(data, Np, ..., verbose = getOption("verbose", FALSE))
## S4 method for signature 'kalmand_pomp'
enkf(data, Np, ..., verbose = getOption("verbose", FALSE))
## S4 method for signature 'data.frame'
eakf(
data,
Np,
params,
rinit,
rprocess,
emeasure,
vmeasure,
...,
verbose = getOption("verbose", FALSE)
)
## S4 method for signature 'pomp'
eakf(data, Np, ..., verbose = getOption("verbose", FALSE))
data |
either a data frame holding the time series data,
or an object of class ‘pomp’,
i.e., the output of another pomp calculation.
Internally, |
Np |
integer; the number of particles to use, i.e., the size of the ensemble. |
params |
optional; named numeric vector of parameters.
This will be coerced internally to storage mode |
rinit |
simulator of the initial-state distribution.
This can be furnished either as a C snippet, an R function, or the name of a pre-compiled native routine available in a dynamically loaded library.
Setting |
rprocess |
simulator of the latent state process, specified using one of the rprocess plugins.
Setting |
emeasure |
the expectation of the measured variables, conditional on the latent state.
This can be specified as a C snippet, an R function, or the name of a pre-compiled native routine available in a dynamically loaded library.
Setting |
vmeasure |
the covariance of the measured variables, conditional on the latent state.
This can be specified as a C snippet, an R function, or the name of a pre-compiled native routine available in a dynamically loaded library.
Setting |
... |
additional arguments supply new or modify existing model characteristics or components.
See When named arguments not recognized by |
verbose |
logical; if |
An object of class ‘kalmand_pomp’.
Some Windows users report problems when using C snippets in parallel computations.
These appear to arise when the temporary files created during the C snippet compilation process are not handled properly by the operating system.
To circumvent this problem, use the cdir
and cfile
options to cause the C snippets to be written to a file of your choice, thus avoiding the use of temporary files altogether.
Aaron A. King
G. Evensen. Sequential data assimilation with a nonlinear quasi-geostrophic model using Monte Carlo methods to forecast error statistics. Journal of Geophysical Research: Oceans 99, 10143–10162, 1994.
J.L. Anderson. An ensemble adjustment Kalman filter for data assimilation. Monthly Weather Review 129, 2884–2903, 2001.
G. Evensen. Data assimilation: the ensemble Kalman filter. Springer-Verlag, 2009.
More on sequential Monte Carlo methods:
bsmc2()
,
cond_logLik()
,
eff_sample_size()
,
filter_mean()
,
filter_traj()
,
mif2()
,
pfilter()
,
pmcmc()
,
pred_mean()
,
pred_var()
,
saved_states()
,
wpfilter()
More on pomp elementary algorithms:
elementary_algorithms
,
pfilter()
,
pomp-package
,
probe()
,
simulate()
,
spect()
,
trajectory()
,
wpfilter()


See all tags.
Tagged “svg”
Getting started creating SVG Graphics
A lot of data visualizations use the SVG format to create graphics, so in this article, we'll use SVG to create some basic shapes and graphics. Understanding how the format works will help you when you're using SVG based libraries and frameworks.
Vector Graphic Formats Used for data visualizations
In this article, I'll talk about the different graphic formats used for visualizing data and examine some of the differences. Since most visualizations are handled in just a few different vector graphic formats, we'll see why using vectors has advantages over bitmaps because it allows us to illustrate as well as create interactions with very little overhead.


Dream it. Lyst it. Do it.
Ever felt that your days are passing you by without any tangible output? What did you accomplish in the past month? What are your goals for the next three months? Look at the things that you have been doing and the things that you’re planning to do next — do they mean anything to you if you are to die today? Having a bucket list reminds you of what’s really important to you so that you can act on them.
A bucket list is a number of experiences or achievements that a person hopes to have or accomplish during their lifetime. Lyst is the best place to create your bucket lists and update them as you go! You can organize your buckets from travel-related lists to photography to fitness to ANYTHING YOU LIKE!
To help you get started, Lyst has thousands of ideas you can choose from. It helps you discover, identify and accomplish those amazing things that you have always wanted to do. Moreover, it helps you explore the zone and connects you with people who have similar interests as you. You can create and add to it as you go! Our team will connect to you and assist you thereafter.
You can also share your bucket lists to inspire others to do their own! If you have accomplished any of your bucket lists, you can add them to your Completed section and create more!
Thanks for stopping by! Before you go, meet the people behind Lyst! Our team is made up of dedicated developers and a project manager who have worked hard to create the best website possible! Based all over the country, we are all united by one mission - to provide a world of experiences one bucket at a time.
Project Manager
UI Developer
UI Developer
Frontend Architect
Frontend Architect
Backend Architect


{{ post.title }}
{{ post.content }}
--- layout: page title: harryhodge tagline: I am a systems administrator with a passion for linux, automation, scripting, coding, data, graphs and open source. I am also an MSc Neuroscience graduate who did a project on motor cortex and hemispheric lateralisation with fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging. The picture above is a computer rendering I did of the language pathways in the left hemisphere of the brain using Blender. Here is 1920x1080. --- {% for post in paginator.posts %}


Java has been the language for Android ever since it started. Not anymore. Kotlin is now an official language on Android.
Kotlin is a statically typed programming language that runs on the JVM and is completely interoperable with Java. Kotlin is an officially supported language for developing Android apps, along with Java.
In this event, we will learn the basics of Kotlin, create an Android app using it, and during the session we'll see why you should make the switch from Java to Kotlin
|
May 19, 2018
1:00PM - 5:00PM |


Posted: 2016-03-05
, Modified: 2016-03-05
Tags: neural net
Overarching questions
- Why do (deep) neural nets work? What provable guarantees can we obtain from them? How is the distribution of natural images, etc., conducive to learning?
- What are the limitations of neural nets and how to overcome them?
- How can we leverage this distribution (ex. symmetry) to come up with better algorithms?
- How can we combing neural nets with logical approaches (cf. DeepMind’s alphago combines NN with Monte Carlo tree search)? (Ex. grammar, CFGs, programming language parsing) How to model logical certainty within a neural net? How to extract an algorithm from a neural net? In what sense is a neural net “following an algorithm”?
Research brainstorm
- Complexity theorety point of view: What can be calculated by depth \(n\) threshold circuits? Each gate is a function \(\sgn(\sum \al_ix_i)\).
- It doesn’t make sense to assume the ground truth is a neural net. How can we model the ground truth?
- As a set on the boolean cube \(\{0,1\}^n\) or \([0,1]^n\). Model 1: Ising model on the Boolean cube.
- Understand such a distribution qualitatively. Ex. what is the average noise sensitivity? Fourier spectra? (What’s the boundary look like?) Are these questions answered for random k-SAT? Might other models (ex. DNF’s, CNF’s) be better?
- Another layer: There is a probability distribution over inputs as well (you don’t sample uniformly from the whole boolean cube. Makes sense because of next point).
- Note that the set of pictures that make sense is probably very small.
- What if you want the learned function to be noise stable? What is the noise stability of learned functions? Are threshold circuits noise stable?
- How does this compare to known algorithms for learning boolean functions with low weight? What additional structure do we need to assume? (Low degree algorithm. Lower bounds (min sample complexity, by info theory) for learning b/c of number of functions.)
- “It doesn’t make sense to assume the ground truth is a neural net,” so the approach above is to consider a class of functions and show the class can be learned by neural nets. Is there reason to think of ground truth as a neural net?
- Explain me:
- adversarial phenomena
- the distribution of local minima follows laws from statistical physics. Getting to global optima can actually hurt generalization.
Previous work
See Bubeck’s post for a good list.
People to talk to
- ML: Tengyu, Elad, Arora
- Zeev: threshold circuits, what’s known. (See Kane’s paper?)
- Aizenmann, Abbe: intuition for Ising model over \(B^n\), or other models that make sense (ex. 3SAT).
- Fefferman, analysis/geometry students: approximation theory


It looks like you're new to translating explorations.
Would you like an introduction to translations in Oppia?


Caenorhabditis sp. 40 is a gonochoristic species belonging to the Elegans supergroup [1]. The sequenced strain, JU2818, is an inbred strain generated from the type isolate, JU2774 which was isolated from underneath a fig tree in Danbulla Road, Australia (per. comm.). See below for more information.
A formal description of C. sp. 40 is currently underway.
CGC strain entry: JU2818
The raw data can be downloaded from either ENA or NCBI (please note the raw data contain sequencing adapters and bacterial contamination - contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for “cleaned” reads):
https://www.ebi.ac.uk/ena/data/view/PRJEB7857
https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/bioproject/PRJEB7857
The genome of C. sp. 40 JU2818 was assembled by Lewis Stevens (Blaxter Lab) using short-read data.
See our general assembly pipeline for more info: CGP Pipeline
Genes were predicted using BRAKER which utilises evidence from raw RNA-seq data [2].


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"The Road Home"
Businessman Luo Yusheng (Sun Honglei) is going home. His father recently died and his mother (Zhao Yuelin) insists that, following tradition, the body be walked home from the hospital morgue many miles away. Luo balks at the idea, but when he sees an old photo from his parents' youth, his reminiscences of their locally historic courtship cause him to change his mind and fulfill his mother's wish to walk with his father, one last time, on "The Road Home."
Chinese filmmaker Zhang Yimou has been responsible for some of the world's most beautifully rendered films since the start of his career. "Red Sorghum," "Ju Dou" and "Raise the Red Lantern" dealt with such issues as sex, political repression and male misogyny in lightly veiled personal statements against the Chinese government's humanitarian policies. His latest films, though, like "Not One Less" and the now-showing "The Road Home," take on a more personal, gentle air.
"The Road Home" begins, in present day China, with Luo Yusheng making the long, cold winter's journey home to Sanhetun, the tiny village of his birth, to attend his father's funeral. The old man was a schoolteacher who came to the town 40 years ago, fell in love and stayed, teaching the children, until his recent death. Now, the man's mother insists that there be a traditional funeral and her husband's body be carried back on the shoulders of the village men. Luo thinks the demand unreasonable and tries to persuade his mother to change her mind. But, as he gazes at an old photograph of mom and dad when the were first married, he recalls the local stories of their unique courtship and it's his mind that changes.
We are taken away from the stark black and white of the modern day story to a lush and colorful time, 40 years before. The pretty, young Zhao Di, the comeliest maiden in the village, learns that a new schoolteacher has been assigned to their tiny hamlet and is pleasantly surprised to find Luo Changyu (Hao Zheng) to be a darned handsome young man. Di unabashedly sets her cap for the young man, against the advice of her elderly, blind grandmother (Bin Li). The subsequent tale is a sweet remembrance of two people falling in love.
Zhang Yimou has always created striking images on the screen, but has, in recent years, taken on simpler stories that deal with the day-to-day mechanics of life and living. Daily incidents like cooking food or repairing a bowl are shown in great detail with a love of image that makes you drink in every moment of such simple tasks. There is also a hint of rebelliousness as the determined Di goes against the tradition of arranged marriage. The pairing of Di and Luo because of love, not arrangement, makes the courtship and subsequent nuptials a local legend, remembered by all, even today.
Zhang Zi-Yi lights up the screen with her smile and, in one scene where Luo first notices her, it is almost blinding.  There is Di's painstaking preparations of meals she hopes Luo will select during the lunch breaks as the men of the village build the new schoolhouse. She spends days and weeks trying to arrange a chance encounter with the teacher, even travelling across the village to get water from the well near the school, but farther from her home. (The well is used for subtle humor in one scene where teacher Luo, noticing Di, tries to rush up and get water for himself. But, a well-intentioned villager insists that the scholar is too important for such menial tasks and struggles to wrest the buckets away from the eager Luo. It's a funny, believable little scene.)
The bookends of the film, the man going home, is a movie unto itself as the wash of emotions and remembrances help to change Luo Yusheng and honor his mother's wish. Once his mind is changed, he seeks the help of the town's mayor (Guifa Chang) to hire men from another village to help carry his father's coffin home. When the day finally comes and the procession makes its way on the long journey, the mayor gives back all the money, explaining that over 100 of the old teacher's students have volunteered to help. The others, who were hired for pay, refuse the money in honor of the deceased.
"The Road Home" is a world-class film that shows influences from other countries. The distinctly western-sounding score by Bao San uses soaring violins and a lone flute that sounds much like the music to "Braveheart." Cinematography, by Yong Hou, is striking, especially his color work used in the flashbacks. Zhang Yimou has always used colors prominently in his films and Yong Hou utilizes them to stunning affect, especially for the exteriors. Costume design, by Huamiao Tong, is terrific, particularly the attention to Zhang Zi-Yi's outfits of bright pink and vivid red. Art direction, by Juiping Cao, is nicely rendered and spans the decades properly as what was once young is now old.
The true story, by Shi Bao from his novel "Remembrance," is a simple, loving tale that wears its sentimentality like a badge of honor. It is homage to our parents and an affirmation of love and loyalty that easily spans cultures. It isn't a Chinese story, but a universal and human one. I give "The Road Home" an A.
For more Reeling reviews visit www.reelingreviews.com
<EMAIL_ADDRESS><EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
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[ Suggest
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- ORLAGH:
Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Órfhlaith, meaning
"gold-princess."
- ORLENDA:
English variant spelling of Italian Orlanda, meaning
"famous land."
- ORMONDA:
Feminine form of English Ormond, meaning "descendant of
Ruadh."
- ORNA: Variant spelling of English Ornat,
meaning "little sallow one." Compare with another form of Orna.
- ORNAT: Anglicized form of Irish Gaelic Odharnait, meaning
"little sallow one." Compare with another form of Ornat.
- OSSIA:
Feminine form of English Ossian, meaning
"little deer."
- OWENA:
Feminine form of English and Welsh Owen, meaning "born
of yew."
- PAGE:
English surname transferred to unisex forename use, derived from a status name for a young boy who was apprenticed
to a knight, hence "page; young servant."
- PAGET:
Feminine diminutive form of English unisex Page, meaning "little
patrician; little servant."
- PAIGE:
Feminine form of English unisex Page,
meaning "page; young servant."
- PAISE:
Short form of English unisex Paisley, meaning
"church."
- PAISLEY:
Scottish surname transferred to unisex
forename use, from an Anglicized form of Gaelic Pàislig, possibly
meaning "church."
- PAM:
Short form of English Pamela, meaning "all honey."
- PAMELA:
English name created by Sir Philip
Sidney for his
1590 poem "Arcadia." It is composed of the Greek elements pan
"all" and meli "honey," hence "all
honey."
- PAMELIA:
Elaborated form of English Pamela,
meaning "all honey."
- PAMELLA:
Variant spelling of English Pamela,
meaning "all honey."
- PAMILA:
Variant spelling of English Pamela,
meaning "all honey."
- PANSY:
English name derived from the flower name, from the Old French word pensee,
meaning "thought."
- PARIS:
Modern English unisex name derived from the French
capital city, Paris, from the name of a Gaulish tribe called the
Parisii, who once lived on the site. Compare with strictly masculine Paris.
- PARRIS:
Variant spelling of English unisex Paris, a modern name derived from the French
capital city, Paris, from the name of a Gaulish tribe called the
Parisii, who once lived on the site.
- PAT:
English unisex short form of English Patrick
and Latin Patricia,
meaning "patrician; of noble birth."
- PATIENCE:
A Christian virtue name, derived from the English vocabulary word, patience,
from Latin pati, meaning "to suffer." The Puritans
considered it virtuous "to suffer" misfortune and persecution
without complaint or loss of faith.
- PATRICIA:
Feminine form of Latin Patricius,
meaning "patrician; of noble birth."
- PATSY:
English
unisex name meaning "patrician; of noble birth." It is a pet form
of both English Patrick and Latin
Patricia.
- PATTI:
Variant spelling of English Pattie, meaning "patrician;
of noble birth."
- PATTIE:
Variant spelling of English Patty, meaning "patrician;
of noble birth."
- PATTY:
English pet form of Latin Patricia,
meaning "patrician; of noble birth."
- PAULA:
English feminine form of English/French Paul, meaning "small."
- PAULEEN: Pet form of
English Paula,
meaning "small."
- PAULENE: Pet form of
English Paula,
meaning "small."
- PAULETTA: Pet form of
English Paula, meaning "small."
- PAULETTE: Pet form of
French Paule,
meaning "small."
- PAULINA:
Feminine form of Latin Paulinus,
meaning "small."
- PAULINE:
French form of Latin Paulina,
meaning "small."
- PAYTON:
English surname transferred to unisex forename
use, from a place name composed of Old English Pæga
and the word tun "enclosure, settlement," hence "Pæga's
settlement."
- PEACE:
English name derived from the vocabulary word, meaning
"peace."
- PEARL:
English gem name derived from the vocabulary word, from Latin perla, meaning
"pearl." The pearl is the
birthstone for the month of June.
- PEARLE:
Variant spelling of English Pearl, meaning "pearl."
- PEARLIE:
Pet form of English Pearl, meaning "pearl."
- PEG:
Short form of English Peggy, meaning
"pearl."
- PEGGIE:
Variant spelling of English Peggy,
meaning "pearl."
- PEGGY:
Pet form of English Peg, meaning "pearl." It is
a variant spelling of Meggie, the
pet form of Meg. The reason for the change from "M" to
"P," which also occurs in Molly
and Polly, is not known.
- PEN:
English short form of Latin Penelope, meaning "weaver of
cunning."
- PENE:
English short form of Latin Penelope, meaning "weaver of
cunning."
- PENELOPE:
Latin form of Greek Penelopeia, meaning "weaver of
cunning." In mythology, this is
the name of the patient wife of Odysseus who waited
ten years for
his return during which she refused several proposals of marriage by
princes.
- PENINA:
Anglicized form of Hebrew Peninnah, meaning "coral"
or "pearl."
- PENINNA:
Anglicized form of Hebrew Peninnah,
meaning "coral" or "pearl."
- PENNEY:
Variant spelling of English Penny, meaning "weaver of
cunning."
- PENNY:
English pet form of Latin Penelope, meaning "weaver of
cunning."
- PEONY:
English name derived from the flower name, peony, which was named
after the physician god Pæon because the
flower was formerly used in medicine.
- PERDITA:
English name created by Shakespeare, derived from the Latin word perditus, meaning
"lost."
- PERLIE:
Variant spelling of English Pearlie, meaning "pearl."
- PERONEL:
Medieval English contracted form of Roman Latin Petronel, meaning "little
rock."
- PERONELLE:
Variant spelling of English Peronel, meaning "little
rock."
- PERSEPHONE
(Περσεφόνη):
Greek name probably composed of
the elements persô "person; human being" and phonos
"murderer, slayer," hence "person-slayer." In mythology,
this is the name of a goddess of the underworld, a daughter of Zeus
and Demeter. Her Roman name is Proserpina.
- PETRA:
Feminine form of Latin Petrus, meaning "rock,
stone."
- PETULA:
Possibly an English Christian coinage derived from Latin petulare, meaning "to
ask," hence "supplicant."
- PETUNIA:
English name derived from the flower name, from French petun,
an obsolete word for the tobacco plant.
- PEYTON:
Variant spelling of English unisex Payton, meaning "Pæga's settlement."
- PHEBE:
English variant spelling of Greek Phoebe, meaning
"shining one."
- PHEMIE:
Short form of English Euphemie,
meaning "Well I speak."
- PHEOBE:
Modern English variant spelling of Latin Phoebe, meaning
"shining one."
- PHILIPA:
Feminine form of English Philip, meaning "lover of
horses."
- PHILIPPA:
Feminine form of English Philip, meaning "lover of
horses."
- PHILIPPINA:
Anglicized form of Spanish Felipina,
meaning "lover of
horses."
- PHILIS:
English variant spelling of Greek Phyllis, meaning "foliage."
- PHILLIDA:
Variant spelling of Greek Phyllida, meaning "foliage."
In use by the English.
- PHILLIPA:
Feminine form of English Philip, meaning
"lover of horses."
- PHILLIS:
English variant spelling of Greek Phyllis, meaning "foliage."
- PHOEBE:
Latin form of Greek Phoibe, meaning "shining
one." In mythology, this is the name of a Titan goddess of bright
intellect.
- PHOENIX:
Latin form of Greek Phoinix, meaning
"crimson." In mythology, this is the name of an immortal bird who
would rise from its own ashes after being consumed by fire every 500 years.
The name has been adopted into English use as a unisex name.
- PHRONA:
English short form of Greek Sophronia, meaning
"self-controlled."
- PHYLISS:
English variant spelling of Greek Phyllis, meaning "foliage."
- PHYLLIDA:
Feminine form of Greek Phyllidos, meaning
"foliage." In use by the English.
- PHYLLIS
(Φυλλίς):
Feminine form of Greek Phyllidos, meaning
"foliage." In mythology, this is the name of
a girl who killed herself over love and was transformed
into an almond tree, meaning "foliage."
- PIETY:
English name derived from the vocabulary word, meaning "piety."
- PIPER:
English occupational surname transferred to unisex forename use, derived from
Middle English pipere, meaning "pipe-player."
- PIPPA:
Pet form of English Philippa, meaning
"lover of horses." It is the feminine equivalent of masculine Pip.
- PLEASANCE: English form of Old French
Plaisance,
meaning "pleasant."
- PLEASANT:
English name derived from the vocabulary word, meaning simply
"pleasant."
- PNEUMA (Πνεῦμα):
English name derived from Greek pneuma, meaning "breath,"
or, metaphorically, a non-material being or influence, i.e.
"spirit."
- POLLIE:
Variant spelling of English Polly, meaning
"obstinacy, rebelliousness" or "their rebellion."
- POLLY: Alternate
form of English Molly,
"obstinacy, rebelliousness" or "their rebellion." The reason for the change from "M" to
"P" is not known.
- POLLYANNA:
English compound name composed of Polly "obstinate, rebellious" and
Anna
"favor, grace."
- POPPY:
English name derived from the flower name, from Latin papaver, which
may be a reduplication of the base *pap-, meaning "to
swell."
- PORTIA:
English Shakespeare character name derived from Roman Latin Porcius,
meaning "pig." A moon of Uranus was given this name.
- POSEY:
Variant spelling of English Posy,
meaning both "bouquet, flower" and "(God) shall add (another
son)."
- POSIE:
Variant spelling of English Posy, meaning both
"bouquet, flower" and "(God) shall add (another son)."
- POSY:
- English name derived from the flower
name which originally meant "a line of verse engraved on the
inner surface of a ring," but later acquired the meaning
"bouquet, flower."
- Pet form of English Josephine,
meaning "(God) shall add (another son)."
- PRAISE:
English name derived from the vocabulary word, "praise," from Old
French preisier, from Late Latin preciare, meaning
"price," hence "to value."
- PRIMROSE:
English name derived from the flower name, from Latin prima rosa,
meaning "first rose."
- PRIMULA:
English name derived from Latin prima,
meaning "first, prime."
- PRINCESS:
English name derived from the title, itself from Old French princesse,
a feminine form of Prince, meaning
"chief, first."
- PRIS:
English short form of Roman Latin Priscilla, meaning
"ancient."
- PRISCILLA:
Latin form of Greek Priskilla, meaning "ancient."
In the New Testament bible, this is the name of Aquila's
wife.
- PRISSY:
English pet form of Latin Priscilla,
meaning "ancient."
- PRU:
Short form of English Prudence "cautious" and Prunella
"little prune."
- PRUDENCE:
English form of
Latin Prudentia, meaning "cautious." This
is a virtue name popular with the Puritans. Some
others are Charity, Chastity,
Faith, Honor,
and Hope.
- PRUE:
Short form of English Prudence "cautious" and Prunella
"little prune."
- PRUNELLA:
English name composed of Latin pruna
"plum" and a diminutive suffix, hence "little prune."
- PURDIE:
Pet form of English Perdita, meaning
"lost."
- QIANA:
Modern English name derived from the name of a silky
nylon fiber developed by DuPont in 1968.
- QUANDA:
Old English name meaning "companion."
- QUANNA: African American name, of uncertain origin,
possibly a variant form of the masculine Comanche name Quanah, meaning
"fragrant."
- QUEEN:
English name derived from the
vocabulary word, queen, from Old English cwen
"queen," from Germanic kwen, meaning "wife."
- QUEENA:
Elaborated form of English Queen, meaning
"queen" or "wife."
- QUEENIE:
Pet form of English Queen, meaning
"queen" or "wife."
- QUELLA:
Old English name derived from the word cweald,
meaning "kill."
- QUENBY:
Old English name meaning "queen's castle."
- QUIANA:
English variant spelling of Hawaiian Kiana,
meaning
"divine, heavenly."
- QUIANNA:
Variant spelling of English Quiana, meaning
"divine, heavenly."
- QUIBILAH:
Egyptian name meaning
"peaceful."
- QUILLA:
Middle English name meaning "feather, quill."
- QUINTA:
Feminine form of English Quintin,
meaning "fifth."
- RACHAEL:
Variant form of English Rachel,
meaning "ewe."
- RACHEAL:
Variant spelling of English Rachel,
meaning "ewe."
- RACHEL: Compare
with another form of Rachel.
- Anglicized form of Scottish Gaelic Raghnaid,
meaning "battle counsel."
- Anglicized form of Greek Rhachel,
meaning "ewe." In the bible, this is the name of Jacob's
wife.
- RACHELLE:
Variant form of English Rachel,
meaning "ewe."
- RACHYL:
Variant form of English Rachel,
meaning "ewe."
- RACQUEL:
Variant form of English Rachel,
meaning "ewe."
- RAE:
English name, possibly derived from the vocabulary word ray, meaning "sunbeam."
- RAELENE:
Elaborated form of English Rae, possibly
meaning "sunbeam."
- RAELYN: English compound name composed of Rae "sunbeam" and
Lyn
"lake," hence "sunbeam lake."
- RAHAB:
Anglicized form of Greek Rhaab/Rhachab
and Hebrew Rachab, meaning "ample, broad, spacious, wide." In the bible, this
is the name of a harlot of Jericho who aided the spies in their escape and
was saved from destruction.
- RAHEL:
Anglicized form of Hebrew Rachel, meaning "ewe." In the bible, this is the name of
Jacob's favorite wife,
and mother of Joseph and Benjamin.
- RAIN:
Modern English name, either derived from from the vocabulary word,
or a revival of the medieval English personal name Rayne,
meaning "queen." Compare with masculine Rain.
- RALPHINA:
Feminine form of English Ralph, meaning
"wise wolf."
- RANDA:
Short form of English Miranda, meaning
"worthy of admiration."
- RANDI:
Variant spelling of English Randy, meaning "worthy of
admiration."
- RANDY:
Pet form of English Miranda,
meaning "worthy of admiration." Compare with masculine Randy.
- RAPHAELA:
English feminine form of Greek Raphael,
meaning "healed of God" or "whom God has healed."
- RASCHELLE:
Elaborated form of English Rachel,
meaning "ewe."
- RAVEN:
English unisex name derived from the bird name raven, from Old English
hræfn, so-called from the harsh
sounds it makes.
- RAVENNA:
Either from the Italian city name, of unknown meaning, or a feminine form
of English unisex Raven, meaning "raven (the bird)."
- RAYLENE:
Feminine form of English Ray,
meaning "wise protector."
- RAYMONDA:
Feminine form of English Raymond,
meaning "wise protector."
- RAYNE:
Medieval English name derived from Old
French reine (Latin regina), meaning "queen."
Compare with another form of Rayne.
- REAGAN:
Irish surname transferred to unisex forename use, derived from an Anglicized form of Gaelic Ó Riagáin, "descendant of
Riagán," hence "furious,
impulsive."
- REANNA:
Variant spelling of English Rhianna, meaning
"maiden."
- REBA: Pet form of English Rebecca
and Rebekah, meaning "ensnarer." Compare
with another form of Reba.
- REBECCA:
Anglicized form of Greek Rhebekka, meaning "ensnarer." In the bible, this
is the name of the wife of Isaac.
- REBECCAH:
Variant spelling of English Rebecca, meaning "ensnarer."
- REBECCANNE:
Compound name composed of English Rebecca "ensnarer" and French
Anne
"favor, grace."
- REBECKA: Variant spelling of English Rebekah,
meaning "ensnarer." Compare with another form of Rebecka.
- REBECKAH:
Variant spelling of English Rebekah, meaning "ensnarer."
- REBEKAH:
Anglicized form of Hebrew Ribqah, meaning "ensnarer." In the bible, this
is the name of the wife of Isaac.
- REENE:
English variant spelling of French Renée, meaning
"reborn."
- REENIE:
English pet form of Latin Irene, meaning
"peace."
- REETA: English variant spelling of Spanish Rita,
meaning "pearl." Compare with another form of Reeta.
- REGAN:
English Shakespearian name, possibly derived from the Irish Gaelic word
ríogan, meaning "queen."
[
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3 ] [ 4 ] [
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13 ] [ 14 ] [
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A-Z
Baby Names
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Girl Names
A,
B, C,
D, E,
F, G,
H, I,
J, K,
L, M,
N, O,
P, Q,
R, S,
T, U,
V, W,
X, Y,
Z
Boy
Names
A,
B, C,
D, E,
F, G,
H, I,
J, K,
L, M,
N, O,
P, Q,
R, S,
T, U,
V, W,
X, Y,
Z
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***
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Pet
Names
Names for your pets. Grouped by species.
Naming Tips &
Quips
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| Miscellany |
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New Page 1
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New Page 1
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Games
have been removed. 20kWeb is being converted into an
Etymology site. |
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My name is Mark and I am currently a Code Fellows student. Before all of that, I am originally from Chicago and moved to Washington because of the military. After my service, I was a bartender for a bit. I then moved from Tacoma, WA to Seattle, WA to pursue a degree in Digital Audio Engineering and Electronic/MIDI Music Production at Shoreline Community College. From then, I chose to try out personal training since one of my hobbies is CrossFit. A couple of clients of mine told me that I would great in the software development field, so I decided to give it a try. My goal is to obtain a career in the software development field. Hope you enjoyed getting to know me! Thank you!


Hi, I am
Hi, I am
SAGNIK
I’m Sagnik Ghosh I am a Software developer, and I'm very passionate and dedicated to my work. With two year of experience as a Software developer, I have acquired the skills and knowledge necessary to make your project a success.
Age: 19
Address: India
Phone No.: +91 69696 96969


Also add an introductory paragraph with more information about yourself, including what things you're passionate about, programming languages you enjoy writing in, etc
Also add a paragraph tag describing your skills (ie. "I enjoy writing front-end code with these technologies").
Also add a paragraph tag describing how people can contact you. GitHub


I'm a hungry and motivated full stack web developer with a business background, who thrives in a collaborative environment where I can utilize my strong communication and problem solving skills. My previous role in the Customer Experience space formally introduced me to the companies and technologies responsible for creating better, more seamless customer/user experiences, and this is what led me to pursue a career in software development. I'm seeking a new challenge that will grant me the opportunity to improve our digital experiences firsthand. Passionate about new adventures and a strong believer in never being too old to continue growing and learning new things.
Currently a JavaScript, React/Redux and Ruby on Rails developer with a strong desire to add more programming languages to my toolbelt. I am excited to bring my skill set to a team where together we can solve problems and create amazing digital products and services!
In my spare time, you can find me: rooting for my favorite sports teams (New York Giants, New York Mets, New Jersey Devils and Arsenal FC), enjoying new restaurants around NYC and exploring new countries around the world!
(+1)<PHONE_NUMBER>
rosenbergmj1@gmail.com


Basic Examples
Basic (will play a note in accordion and a second note in acoustic_grand_piano)
MIDI Player
Whitney Music Box


| Book of Mormon |
Annotations |
|
Chapter 8
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1 And it came to pass that after king Limhi had made an
end of speaking to his people, for he spake many things unto them and only a
few of them have I written in this book, he told his people all the things
concerning their brethren who were in the land of Zarahemla.
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2 And he caused that Ammon should stand up before the
multitude, and rehearse unto them all that had happened unto their brethren
from the time that Zeniff went up out of the land even until the time that he
himself came up out of the land.
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3 And he also rehearsed unto them the last words which
king Benjamin had taught them, and explained them to the people of king
Limhi, so that they might understand all the words which he spake.
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4 And it came to pass that after he had done all this,
that king Limhi dismissed the multitude, and caused that they should return
every one unto his own house.
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5 And it came to pass that he caused that the plates which
contained the record of his people from the time that they left the land of
Zarahemla, should be brought before Ammon, that he might read them.
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6 Now, as soon as Ammon had read the record, the king
inquired of him to know if he could interpret languages, and Ammon told him
that he could not.
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7 And the king said unto him: Being grieved for the
afflictions of my people, I caused that forty and three of my people should
take a journey into the wilderness, that thereby they might find the land of
Zarahemla, that we might appeal unto our brethren to deliver us out of
bondage.
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8 And they were lost in the wilderness for the space of
many days, yet they were diligent, and found not the land of Zarahemla but
returned to this land, having traveled in a land among many waters, having
discovered a land which was covered with bones of men, and of beasts, and was
also covered with ruins of buildings of every kind, having discovered a land
which had been peopled with a people who were as numerous as the hosts of
Israel.
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9 And for a testimony that the things that they had said
are true they have brought twenty-four plates which are filled with
engravings, and they are of pure gold.
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10 And behold, also, they have brought breastplates, which
are large, and they are of brass and of copper, and are perfectly sound.
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11 And again, they have brought swords, the hilts
thereof have perished, and the blades thereof were cankered with rust;
and there is no one in the land that is able to interpret the language or the
engravings that are on the plates. Therefore I said unto thee: Canst thou
translate?
|
Rust indicates these swords were made from iron, but there
was no iron smelting in the pre-Columbian Americas. It is possible that
“rust” in this case just means corrosion. Corrosion could occur with copper
or other metals used in pre-Columbian Americas.
However, the only pre-Columbian weapon I can find that was
similar to a sword was the macuahuitl which was made with a plank of wood
similar in shape to a cricket bat with obsidian blades mounted on the edges.
It is similar enough to a sword that it is often referred to as the Aztec
sword.
And, the macuahuitl does not seem to fit the Book of
Mormon time frame. “Some groups of Central Mexico, principally in the
transition between the Early and the Late Post-Classic, probably
developed this weapon” (emphasis added, Dr. Marco Antonio Cervera Obregón,
“The macuahuitl: an innovative weapon of the Late Post-Classic in
Mesoamerica”, Arms & Armour, Vol.3, Nov. 2, 2006, p. 146, article from a research journal).
The Post-Classic period is between 900 CE and the Spanish conquest.
|
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12 And I say unto thee again: Knowest thou of any one that
can translate? For I am desirous that these records should be translated into
our language; for, perhaps, they will give us a knowledge of a remnant of the
people who have been destroyed, from whence these records came; or, perhaps,
they will give us a knowledge of this very people who have been destroyed;
and I am desirous to know the cause of their destruction.
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13 Now Ammon said unto him: I can assuredly tell thee, O
king, of a man that can translate the records; for he has wherewith that he
can look, and translate all records that are of ancient date; and it is a
gift from God.  And whosoever is commanded to look in them, the
same is called seer.
|
Mosiah 8:13-17
“Whosoever is commanded to look in them [interpreters], the same is called a
seer.”
(see also Mosiah 28:13-16)
Each year the LDS Church sustains 15 seers (unless one or more of the apostle
vacancies is temporarily vacant, in which case the number of seers sustained
would be 15 minus the number of vacancies).
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14 And behold, the king of the people who are in the land
of Zarahemla is the man that is commanded to do these things, and who has
this high gift from God.
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Annotation for Mosiah 8:13-17 above
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15 And the king said that a seer is greater than a
prophet.
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Annotation for Mosiah 8:13-17 above
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16 And Ammon said that a seer is a revelator and a
prophet also; and a gift which is greater can no man have, except he
should possess the power of God, which no man can; yet a man may have great
power given him from God.
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Annotation for Mosiah 8:13-17 above
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17 But a seer can know of things which are past, and also
of things which are to come, and by them shall all things be revealed, or,
rather, shall secret things be made manifest, and hidden things shall come to
light, and things which are not known shall be made known by them, and also
things shall be made known by them which otherwise could not be known.
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Annotation for Mosiah 8:13-17 above
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18 Thus God has provided a means that man, through faith,
might work mighty miracles; therefore he becometh a great benefit to his
fellow beings.
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19 And now, when Ammon had made an end of speaking these
words the king rejoiced exceedingly, and gave thanks to God, saying: Doubtless
a great mystery is contained within these plates, and these interpreters were
doubtless prepared for the purpose of unfolding all such mysteries to the
children of men.
|
Doubtless that a great mystery is also had on the
remaining papyrus pieces the Church owns, either from the claimed Book of
Abraham or the claimed Book of Joseph. Why have the current seers not
provided an interpretation of the papyrus writings?
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20 O how marvelous are the works of the Lord, and how long
doth he suffer with his people; yea, and how blind and impenetrable are the
understandings of the children of men; for they will not seek wisdom, neither
do they desire that she should rule over them!
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21 Yea, they are as a wild flock which fleeth from the
shepherd, and scattereth, and are driven, and are devoured by the beasts of
the forest.
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