Between these q tags we have a something that will be quoted inline
and we can have text that comes after it on the same line.
You might think that we should just use quotation marks
but the problem with that is that it doesn't
give us an easy way to format how quotations look.
Meanwhile this is a blockquote, between blockquote tags, which ensure that this quote is set apart from the rest of the text. Imagine the way news sites or magazine articles will pull quotes into separate paragraphs. That's the point of this.


In a previous post, I talked about the overall structure of a test and how that was important to understand the test itself. A brief review:
- Given - Establish the conditions under which the test will run
- When - Run the code under test
- Then - assert that the code did what you expect
This structure becomes problematic when using either mock objects or block-based asserts.
The Trouble with Mocks
When using mock objects in a test, you typically use a mocking framework (like mocha) to modify the behavior of objects the class-under-test collaborates with. You often test that the class-under-test made certain calls to its collaborators. Let’s look at an example.
Suppose we have an existing system and we wish to start recording some statistics, such as the number of times a method is called
or how long a method takes to run. We’ve created a class, Statistics
, that has some class methods on it to do the recording:
1 2 3 4 5 6 |
|
We want to start using this class in our Salutation
class to keep track of the number of times we’re calling #greeting
.
In order to add this in, we need to test that Salutation#greeting
is calling Statistics.count
. While we could set up a fake
statistics server and examine it during our test, it’s more straightforward to use mocks.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 |
|
What will happen is, if we don’t call Statistics.count("saluation.greeting.count")
in the Salutation
class, this test will
fail. That’s what a mocking framework like mocha does for us.
Of course, there’s something odd about our test. There’s no call to any sort of assert
method. The Given/When/Then is very
unclear. For a real-world test that requires a lot more setup, it can be even more difficult to see what’s actually being
tested. Essentially, the “Given/When/Then” is “out of order”:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 |
|
Making our Intent Clear
We’d like to keep our test method in a canonical structure, or at least have some part of it follow the Given/When/Then structure. Unfortunately, our “Then”, the mock expectations, simply have to occur before the “When”. I think we can make it clearer, so let’s add a bit of code to help.
First, we’ll create a method named when_the_test_runs_then
to clearly indicate that our expectations
are part of our “Then”, and that they are going to be checked when the test runs, which happens later. We’ll also add a no-op
method, assert_mocks_were_called
that will allow our test to always have an assert and provide us with a way to be explicit
about what’s being asserted. Although this “assert” method doesn’t do anything, it allows use to distinguish between “this test
passes when the mocks are called as expected” from “I forgot to actually test for something”.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 |
|
We’ve still deviated from our canonical structure, but the test reads better: “When the test runs then expect this method to be called; now let’s run the test”
Of course, we’ve just taken our first step out of “plain old Ruby” and created framework code. This is the price you pay for using mocks; testing with mocks complicate our tests. By using some lightweight “control structure” helper methods, we can at least make the intent clear.
Block-Based Asserts Disrupt, too
There’s another pattern we see in tests that disrupts the structure in much the same way that the use of mocks does. That
disruption is block-based asserts, the most common of which is assert_raises
. For example, suppose we’re testing that our
Saluation
class requires a non-nil
Person
in its constructor. We could test that like so:
1 2 3 4 5 |
|
This test is weird for two reasons: the first is that the “Given” is implicit. The second is that the “Then” comes before the “When”:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 |
|
We can clean this up by creating a variable for our nil
Person
and putting our “Then” code inside a block, which we then pass
to assert_raises
:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 |
|
We’ve had to jump through a slightly awkward hoop of putting the code-under-test in a lambda, but now things are in a consistent
structure. This example might seem a bit too simplisitc. What about another popular block-based assertion, assert_difference
?
It’s commonly used in Rails apps to check that a certain number of records were written to the database. While I think that this
assertion is generally not needed, it is commonly used.
Here’s an example where we suppose that an after_save
hook is memoizing a
derived field for us.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 |
|
Now the structure is very strange. If we try to apply our lambda
solution above, it’s still a bit odd:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 |
|
Yikes. This is arguably worse. Since only one line of code inside our “When” block is really affecting the condition that
assert_difference
tests for, we can take advantage of Ruby’s ability to create instance variables on-demand and pass
the person outside of the assert_difference
block:
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 |
|
That’s much better; we can now clearly see the setup, the code being tested, and all the assertions together.
It may seem slightly unusual, but by working to keep all your tests structured around Given/When/Then, you will find them readable weeks and months later, and others will be clearly able to see their intent.
Next
We still have a fair way to go to get our tests really clean and clear. For example, do we need to have those #Given
, #When
,
and #Then
comments
everywhere? I think comments are powerful, but having the same group of comments everywhere
feels like repetition we can eliminate.
Another issue is the use of “magic values”, or literals, in our test code. In the test above, we create a male person with the
name “David Copeland”. Is any of this relevant to the test? If not, why is it there?
We’ll deal with these issues in the next post.


Hot-keys on this page
n s m x c change column sorting
| Module | statements | missing | excluded | coverage |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total | 839 | 609 | 0 | 27% |
| application/__init__.py | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| application/app.py | 192 | 150 | 0 | 22% |
| application/models.py | 316 | 215 | 0 | 32% |
| application/scheduled/__init__.py | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| application/scheduled/prune.py | 11 | 11 | 0 | 0% |
| application/scrape/__init__.py | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| application/scrape/adapters/__init__.py | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| application/scrape/adapters/baseball.py | 56 | 34 | 0 | 39% |
| application/scrape/adapters/generic.py | 21 | 14 | 0 | 33% |
| application/scrape/sportradar.py | 57 | 42 | 0 | 26% |
| application/seed/__init__.py | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| application/seed/offer_generator.py | 54 | 34 | 0 | 37% |
| application/utils/__init__.py | 0 | 0 | 0 | 100% |
| application/utils/auth.py | 28 | 17 | 0 | 39% |
| application/utils/btc.py | 54 | 54 | 0 | 0% |
| application/utils/celery_config.py | 12 | 10 | 0 | 17% |
| application/utils/pusher.py | 7 | 3 | 0 | 57% |
| application/utils/serializer.py | 6 | 2 | 0 | 67% |
| application/utils/time.py | 3 | 1 | 0 | 67% |
| application/worker.py | 22 | 22 | 0 | 0% |
No items found using the specified filter.


Welcome to my Portfolio website for ENG3U ISU (Independent Study Unit).
Hi, I'm Phone Pyae Thet Khine (William), 19 years old Computer Science student from Rangoon, Burma. I am currently attending Grade-12 in Canadian International College. Things I'm interested in include:
- Technology & Computers
- Mathematics and Programming
- Playing the Guitar (started when I was 9 years old)
- Running (I ran a marathon in Jan 2020)
- Volunteering (click to see certificate, YYIM 2020)
I am fascinated with tech that I even coded this website myself (with the help of some frameworks ofcourse, building a website from scratch takes a lot of time).
The medal that I got from completing a marathon along with my friend's medals, January 2020.
2019, when I was graduating Secondary School after IGCSE.
I love taking detailed photos of my eye since my eyes look gorgeous.
Synopsis
"I Have a Dream" - speech by Martin Luther King
On August 28th 1963, a human rights activist, Martin Luther King Jr. delivered a speech during the March on Washington for Jobs and Freedom. The speech came to be one of the most popular and iconic speeches in recorded history known as “I have a dream”. The speech was heard by approximately two hundred and fifty thousand civil-right supporters and citizens alike who were at the time, near the steps of Lincoln Memorial. King was one of the eighteen people to speak on that day. He spoke out about how in America, African-American people were oppressed even though the Emancipation Proclamation was signed by Lincoln a century earlier.
MLK Jr. begins his speech by expressing his joy to be one and together with the crowd that has come to demonstrate their willingness for their freedom as well as others. King emphasised on “All Men are Created Equal” stating that no matter what you are, which gender you are, the colour of the skin, or which religion you believe in, as long as you are a human, we all are entitled to the same rights and opportunities as anyone else. He spoke up for the Black people living in the States, his people, who were enduring immense oppression, discrimination, and segregation for centuries. A hundred years ago the Negros were freed from slavery, but King stated in that very speech and I quote “One hundred years later, the Negro still is not free.” – implying that they are just not slaves anymore but there is nothing for them except that, and not getting the full spectrum of freedom they deserve as a human being living in a society. He also included in his speech, the world he dreamt of where racism, segregation, and discrimination of any kind does not exist. King then adds “Let freedom ring from” – and inserts geographical locations such as states, cities and towns to get more relatability from the audience to his speech, inspiring them.
To conclude, Martin is a admirable man with a great vision and with ambitious dreams for the future of society. He made it known that if his visions will be a reality someday if not in his generation. He repeated the words “I have a dream” many times describing a scenario where people with colour lives their lives freely without any segregation or discrimination. Due to his efforts and many other like him, we now live in a world where there are fewer racist people and discrimination in the air. The world today is not perfect. But we all need to contribute to achieve a world which is united as one.
Dr. Martin Luther King
Martin Luther King was an American Civil-Rights activist and a Baptist Minister, born on the 15th January 1929 in the State Atlanta, United States. He got involved in labour rights and desegregation of black people marked a critical turning point in the South's and other regions of the country's efforts to repeal laws that discriminated against African Americans. He is well-known for his famous speech I Have a Dream, delivered in 1963. With this speech, King was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize at the age of 35, for his non-violent opposition and demonstration.
On the 4th April 1964, While planning a national occupation of Washington, D.C. in Memphis, Tennessee. His death sparked riots in a number of American cities. Nonetheless, he was honored with the Presidential Medal of Freedom in 1977 and the Congressional Gold Medal in 2003 for his achievements.
Compare/Contrast
There are many similarities between the speech "I have a dream" and the novel Brave New World as there are differences. In the story if the Nrave New World is set in a dystopian future where all humans are grown in labs, genetically engineered castes that has their own purposes limiting the intelligence level of a person, conditioning them on what they are supposed to like or hate. The castes are differentiated by the colour of clothes they wear and their heights. They are segreated by where they live and what type of works they do. But because of the advanced technology of the World State, and the drug they use (SOMA) keeps them happy and makes it less likely for them to me rebellious like the real world.
One thing that contridicts in the speech and the novel is the theme of the speech – "All Men are created Equal". In the Brave New World, all men aren't created equal. Humans are lab-grown with predetermined intelligence level and physical chatacteristics according to the predetermined caste. In the World State, because of this humans are born segregated, and differentiated like livestock catagorized into groups with the most meat. The sad thing about this is that most of the citizens of the World State does not know about this. They are busy taking soma and supporting consumerism which are highly encouraged in the world of the Brave New World.In the real world where people like King exists to change the ways that we or some people have been living and change the customs and rules that was previously used to segregate and discriminate people.
The Book's author emphasises on how the citizens of the World State are comfortable and satisfied with the way they are in the story and never wanting to get out of their comfort zone and find out how their world works. This is because the author of Brave New World, Aldous Huxley, wanted to warn us about an all powerful government with advanced technology, controlling every aspect of out lifes. But King's mentality is that being operessed is very bad and you must do anything to get free of it. Even if it needs to be getting out of your confort zone, it is worth it.
Things I have Learnt
I learnt that technology is really intimidating when it gets to the hands of the wrong people. Technology is a form of power that could make people do what the wielder of the tech asks them to do. Just like in the Brave New World, Tech could be used to opress the voices of people and over long exposures it can even brainwash us to believeing that living in out comfort zones and be satisfied with it. Things like internet censorship and nation-wide firewall exists today. I have learnt that any kind of opression or discrimination is bad and will try to stay as free as possible,
Works Cited
- King, Martin L., Jr. "I Have a Dream." Speech. Lincoln Memorial, Washington, D. C. 28 Aug. 1963. I Have a Dream speech by Martin Luther King .Jr HD (subtitled)
- Huxley, Aldous. Brave New World. New York: Harper Brothers, 1932. Brave New World – Wikipedia
- Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. Martin Luther King – Wikipedia
- Aldous Leonard Huxley Aldous Huxley – Wikipedia
Peer review
Peer review and constructive criticism by some of my classmates.
Aung Khant Phyo Htun
Student at CIC"Very well put together, the design is simple yet attracting and the portfolio maintains the right amount of information which can be interpreted to get the main points. All in all, great E-Portfolio."
Htet Su Yati
Student at CIC"The information is easy to absorb due to the layout. The design of the website is really pretty."
Mikael Soe
Student Council at CIC"The design and layout of the website is made very well considering it was made from scratch. Flow of information is also really easy to understand. Overall, it's very well made."
Poe Palae Phyu
Student Council at CIC“This E-Portfolio contains the necessary data and is efficient in relaying information about the main topics through well-written texts and interesting designs.”
Hpone Myat Thu
Student at CIC"The website is easy to access and informative but the colour accuracy is not that attractive."
Su Yati Tin
Student at CIC"The portfolio is well-designed, with images and informative writing on each page."
Contact
Feel free to contact me via any of theses shown options.
CIC's Address
No.49, Canadian International College,
Koe Min Koe Chin Street Yangon, 11201
Email me
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Telegram
+95<PHONE_NUMBER>


Philipsburg is at the centre of Great Bay on Sint Maarten's SE corner.
Sint Maarten Port Authority have now put in a buoyed channel for marine traffic in Great Bay. It goes to and from the Captain Hodge Wharf and to the marinas in the NE of the Bay. The seaside entrance to the channel has red and green flashing lights and there is a max draft of 7 feet.
Position 18° 00'N, 63° 03'W (entrance to the bay)
Clearance can be completed at the cruise ship terminal.
There are two marinas in Philipsburg, Great Bay Marina and Bobby's Marina.
Boats that do not wish to use a marina may anchor in Great Bay, although the recent construction of a large cruise ship dock has somewhat restricted the space. It is a busy bay with many jet skis, so it's advisable to anchor some distance out if you don't want to be bothered by them. It can sometimes be quite rolly here. Water and fuel is reasonable and easy to get at Bobby's Marina, where there is a dinghy dock up a little creek next to the marina.
No anchoring is permitted inside the new buoyed channel. Both the channel and the anchorages are "no-wake" zones.
There is an anchoring charge here of approx. $4 a day.
Last updated March 2015.


| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| org.threeten.extra |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
static YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.from(java.time.temporal.TemporalAccessor temporal)
Obtains an instance of
YearQuarter from a temporal object. |
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.minus(long amountToSubtract,
java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit unit)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified amount subtracted.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.minus(java.time.temporal.TemporalAmount amountToSubtract)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified amount subtracted.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.minusQuarters(long quartersToSubtract)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified period in quarters subtracted.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.minusYears(long yearsToSubtract)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified period in years subtracted.
|
static YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.now()
Obtains the current year-quarter from the system clock in the default time-zone.
|
static YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.now(java.time.Clock clock)
Obtains the current year-quarter from the specified clock.
|
static YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.now(java.time.ZoneId zone)
Obtains the current year-quarter from the system clock in the specified time-zone.
|
static YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.of(int year,
int quarter)
Obtains an instance of
YearQuarter from a year and quarter. |
static YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.of(int year,
Quarter quarter)
Obtains an instance of
YearQuarter from a year and quarter. |
static YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.parse(CharSequence text)
Obtains an instance of
YearQuarter from a text string such as 2007-Q2 . |
static YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.parse(CharSequence text,
java.time.format.DateTimeFormatter formatter)
Obtains an instance of
YearQuarter from a text string using a specific formatter. |
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.plus(long amountToAdd,
java.time.temporal.TemporalUnit unit)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified amount added.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.plus(java.time.temporal.TemporalAmount amountToAdd)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified amount added.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.plusQuarters(long quartersToAdd)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified period in quarters added.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.plusYears(long yearsToAdd)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified period in years added.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.with(java.time.temporal.TemporalAdjuster adjuster)
Returns an adjusted copy of this year-quarter.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.with(java.time.temporal.TemporalField field,
long newValue)
Returns a copy of this year-quarter with the specified field set to a new value.
|
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.withQuarter(int quarter)
Returns a copy of this
YearQuarter with the quarter-of-year altered. |
YearQuarter |
YearQuarter.withYear(int year)
Returns a copy of this
YearQuarter with the year altered. |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
int |
YearQuarter.compareTo(YearQuarter other)
Compares this year-quarter to another
|
boolean |
YearQuarter.isAfter(YearQuarter other)
Is this year-quarter after the specified year-quarter.
|
boolean |
YearQuarter.isBefore(YearQuarter other)
Is this year-quarter before the specified year-quarter.
|
Copyright © 2010–2014 ThreeTen.org. All rights reserved.


public interface AdsLoader
AdsMediaSource
.
Ads loaders notify the AdsMediaSource
about events via AdsLoader.EventListener
. In
particular, implementations must call AdsLoader.EventListener.onAdPlaybackState(AdPlaybackState)
with a new copy of the current AdPlaybackState
whenever further information about ads
becomes known (for example, when an ad media URI is available, or an ad has played to the end).
start(EventListener, AdViewProvider)
will be called when the ads media source first
initializes, at which point the loader can request ads. If the player enters the background,
stop()
will be called. Loaders should maintain any ad playback state in preparation for
a later call to start(EventListener, AdViewProvider)
. If an ad is playing when the
player is detached, update the ad playback state with the current playback position using AdPlaybackState.withAdResumePositionUs(long)
.
If AdsLoader.EventListener.onAdPlaybackState(AdPlaybackState)
has been called, the
implementation of start(EventListener, AdViewProvider)
should invoke the same listener
to provide the existing playback state to the new player.
| Modifier and Type | Interface and Description |
|---|---|
static interface |
AdsLoader.AdViewProvider
Provides views for the ad UI.
|
static interface |
AdsLoader.EventListener
Listener for ads loader events.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
handlePrepareError(int adGroupIndex,
int adIndexInAdGroup,
IOException exception)
Notifies the ads loader that the player was not able to prepare media for a given ad.
|
void |
release()
Releases the loader.
|
void |
setPlayer(Player player)
Sets the player that will play the loaded ads.
|
void |
setSupportedContentTypes(int... contentTypes)
Sets the supported content types for ad media.
|
void |
start(AdsLoader.EventListener eventListener,
AdsLoader.AdViewProvider adViewProvider)
Starts using the ads loader for playback.
|
void |
stop()
Stops using the ads loader for playback and deregisters the event listener.
|
void setPlayer(@Nullable Player player)
This method must be called before the player is prepared with media using this ads loader.
This method must also be called on the main thread and only players which are accessed on
the main thread are supported (player.getApplicationLooper() ==
Looper.getMainLooper()
).
player
- The player instance that will play the loaded ads. May be null to delete the
reference to a previously set player.void release()
void<EMAIL_ADDRESS>int... contentTypes)
start(EventListener, AdViewProvider)
. Subsequent calls may be ignored. Called on the main
thread by AdsMediaSource
.contentTypes
- The supported content types for ad media. Each element must be one of
C.TYPE_DASH
, C.TYPE_HLS
, C.TYPE_SS
and C.TYPE_OTHER
.void start(AdsLoader.EventListener eventListener, AdsLoader.AdViewProvider adViewProvider)
AdsMediaSource
.eventListener
- Listener for ads loader events.adViewProvider
- Provider of views for the ad UI.void stop()
AdsMediaSource
.void handlePrepareError(int adGroupIndex, int adIndexInAdGroup, IOException exception)
AdsMediaSource
.adGroupIndex
- The index of the ad group.adIndexInAdGroup
- The index of the ad in the ad group.exception
- The preparation error.


This scenario shows how to connect and manage various accounts using Accounts Settings pane. Accounts Settings pane is hidden by default. Swipe the right edge of the screen and select Settings->Accounts to invoke it.
Accounts settings pane will show Accounts and Accounts providers added by your application. It may let user view and manage those account.
Enter Facebook and/or Twitter app id information below and invoke settings flyout.
Invoke settings charm and Select Accounts or Click on Show button


--- layout: documentation title: ChildPIDListType ---
The ChildPIDListType type captures the PID's of the children of the process in a list format.
| Field Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
| Child_PID1..n | UnsignedIntegerObjectPropertyType |
The Child_PID field specifies the process ID of a single child process. |


Our group has conducted its research project with Scottish Witchcraft datasets created by The University of Edinburgh’s Survey of Scottish Witchcraft. The project arose in the 1990s with the desire to compile available information on Scottish witches. The project was conducted from 2001 to 2003. We are using two of their distinct data sets: accused.csv and cases.csv. The accused dataset contains 3219 observations of 31 content types, and the cases dataset contains 3413 total records of 111 content types. This is a large dataset, with detailed categories and a high number of total records.
The accused dataset has 31 columns that describe those accused of being witches. The variables are mainly string variables, giving the names of those accused, their genders, details about their lives, like career and family, and where the accused lived and went to church. Other details like marriage status and and ethnic origin are included. A very interesting detail is the notes category, which allows us to collect more detailed information on how the accused was portrayed prior to accusation. We also have a record of the data’s creation as the researchers compiled their research notes for the data set.
The cases dataset is quite large. It contains about 15 variables that describe the details of the witch trials, that were litigated. They include information such as the names, ages, times of trials, meeting notes, and the decisions of the cases. The bulk of the variables are coded to identify cases that meet certain criteria. This criteria was determined by taking the judgements of the court judges during the trials and codifying them when processing the data, creating criteria such as “demonic possessions” or “midwifery”. This criteria information helps identify the reasons these individuals were accused of witchcraft. Additionally, this dataset also contains a notes section for additional information on the witches, such as the end result of their trial, if any was found during research.
With both of these datasets, we can collectively know about the people accused and tried for witchcraft during these centuries. We can see how a witchcraft trial operated, where the trials occurred, why they were carried out, and all the other details provided surrounding the accused and cases. This information is valuable for understanding this large phenomena in Scotland that took place from the early 1500s to the late 1700s.
However, a challenge that we encountered while analyzing our data was that having two distinct files makes it extremely difficult to find trends between the instances of witchcraft, as well as the corresponding accusations. To facilitate data analysis, we combined the two datasets to create a large, compiled database where both information on ‘cases’ and ‘accused’ could be found on the same file. We used the vlookup function on Microsoft Excel to match and collate all the corresponding data from the ‘cases’ file onto the ‘accused’ file for easier analysis.
One major dilemma with the dataset is the lack of complete data. Many of the rows have multiple missing columns, which really limits what is available in the dataset. For instance, multiple names are missing from both datasets, which demonstrates weakness in the archive. This is often due to a lack of a historical record on most of those accused and tried as witches, especially during periods of mass accusations. Of the 3,000 some odd cases, we only know the end result of about 300 of them. This leads us to wonder what happened for the rest of the cases and why and how they came to be omitted from the datasets. The lack of record keeping, status of the accused, and the frenzy that often carried some trials can explain some of this lacking data. The data does not contain variables to describe the accusers, and also lacks details on economic status of most of the accused.
If our data was our only source, it would be difficult for us to understand and extrapolate the historical context and backdrop of the Scottish witch trials. For example, when we first looked at the data we thought that it was lacking in regards to the information of the accused’s occupation. However, we did not realize, that perhaps, women at the time were not able to have careers outside of the household. We would need to investigate the history through other sources to better understand the social hierarchy and find correlations between social standing, occupation, geography, and other underlying reasons as to why one would be accused of being a witch. We will be gathering this information to find out the factors contributing to the hysteria, as well as understanding the historical backdrop to the Scottish witch trials.
More information on the datasets and their source can be found at here.


Sidharth Malhotra, Nora Fatehi, Aditya Roy Kapur and more attend Milap Zaveri’s birthday bash
by Kajol MathurBollywood filmmaker Milap Zaveri who is currently gearing up for the release of his next – Marjaavaan starring Sidharth Malhotra, Tara Sutaria, Riteish Deshmukh and Rakul Preet Singh celebrates his birthday today. Making it super special for him were his close friends from the movie business who joined him last night to ring in the birthday.
Present for the celebrations were several stars including Sidharth Malhotra, Nora Fatehi, Aditya Roy Kapur, Riteish Deshmukh, Genelia D’Souza, Rakul Preet Singh, Jackky Bhagnani along with Divya Khosla Kumar and Bhushan Kumar.
One look at the pictures, it’s easy to say they all had a blast together.
Divya Khosla Kumar, Milap Zaveri, Bhushan Kumar


7 photos of Jennifer Hudson and cast in Aretha Franklin biopic
by Leandra EngelbrechtCape Town – Jennifer Hudson is every bit the Queen of Soul in scenes for the upcoming Aretha Franklin biopic.
Filming for the movie kicked off in Georgia in September.
The Academy Award-winning actress was pictured on set in New York on Saturday with co-star Marlon Wayans, who will play the singer's first husband, Ted White.
The upcoming film titled Respect will reportedly centre on her rise to fame from singing as a child in her father's choir to becoming a music superstar.
South Africa and Tony award-winner Liesl Tommy makes her big screen directorial debut.
Other cast members include Forest Whitaker, Audra McDonald, Mary J. Blige and Tituss Burgess.
In the pictures, Jennifer is seen sitting in a blue Cadillac alongside Marlon.
According to the DailyMail, the scene is reportedly set in 1966 and sees Marlon collecting money from a group of prostitutes while Jennifer sits in the passenger seat waiting for him to return.
SEE PHOTOS HERE:
The film is set to be released on Friday, 14 August 2020.
(Photos: Greatstock/Splash, Backgrid)


Let n be a positive integer.
A 6-sided die is thrown n times. Let c be the number of pairs of consecutive throws that give the same value.
For example, if n = 7 and the values of the die throws are (1,1,5,6,6,6,3), then the following pairs of consecutive throws give the same value:
(1,1,5,6,6,6,3)
(1,1,5,6,6,6,3)
(1,1,5,6,6,6,3)
Therefore, c = 3 for (1,1,5,6,6,6,3).
Define C(n) as the number of outcomes of throwing a 6-sided die n times such that c does not exceed π(n).1
For example, C(3) = 216, C(4) = 1290, C(11) = 361912500 and C(24) =<PHONE_NUMBER>281250000.
Define S(L) as C(n) for 1 n L.
For example, S(50) mod 1 000 000 007 = 832833871.
Find S(50 000 000) mod 1 000 000 007.
1 π denotes the prime-counting function, i.e. π(n) is the number of primes n.


SPL coach, once a Celtic player, says club can emulate rebirth of Rangers
by Sean LuntMassimo Donati, once of Celtic, has backed his old club, Palermo, to rise back up the divisions, just like Rangers have done in Scotland.
Rangers were famously relegated to the bottom tier in 2012 with the new club forced to start from the bottom following liquidation the previous season.
They spent the subsequent four years battling back up through the divisions before finally securing promotion back to the top flight in 2016.
They’ve since set about establishing themselves as title challengers in the SPFL, with Rangers currently second in the table but level on points with first-placed Celtic.
Given his Celtic connections, Donati has watched Rangers’ rise and fall like the rest of us and has now experienced it with one of his old clubs, Palermo.
The Italian side were relegated down to Serie D this summer after The FIGC’s Federal Council punished them for administrative non-compliance.
They must now fight their way back up the divisions, but Donati, who is now a coach with Kilmarnock, believes they can do that, just as Rangers have done in Scotland.
“Yes, it’s true, even here we talked about it,” he told Gazzetta Dello Sport when asked about the situation and comparisons with Rangers.
“A club like Palermo doesn’t go unnoticed and if something happens like that it’s news.
“Of course, not much has been said about it, but the news has also arrived here and for those who have played in Palermo they cannot fail to displease us.
“Napoli, Fiorentina, Parma and other clubs have done it; I don’t see why Palermo can’t manage to make it.
“But we need an important and healthy society behind us if all the right requirements are met, even the Rosanero can do it.”


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sprintf/3
sprintf/3 – - formatted write to atoms and strings
bufwrite/2 – - formatted write to strings
bufwriteq/2 – - formatted write to strings with quoting
FORMS
sprintf(Target, Format, Args),
bufwrite(String,Term)
bufwriteq(String,Term)
DESCRIPTION
sprintf/3 is very similar to printf/3, except that instead of writing the formatted out
put to a stream, sprintf/3 writes the output to either a Prolog atom or string. The Format and Args arguments are identical to the corresponding arguments for printf/3. The Target argument can be an uninstatiated variable, or can be of one of the forms atom(A), string(S), or list(S). In case Target is an uninstatiated variable, on success, Target is a Prolog double-quoted string containing the formatted output. Similarly,
if Target is string(S) or list(S), on success, S is a Prolog double-quoted string containing the formatted output. And if Target is atom(A), on success A is an atom containing the formatted output.
bufwrite/2 creates a printed representation of the Term using the operator declaration as write/1 would. However, instead of writing the result to the current output stream, bufwrite/2 converts the printed representation into a list of ASCII codes. bufwriteq/2 behaves similarly to bufwrite/2, but quotes items exactly the way writeq/2 would.
EXAMPLES
?- sprintf(X, ’Contents: %t, Amount: %t’, [pocket(keys),1]).
X = "Contents: pocket(keys), Amount: 1"
?- sprintf(string(X), ’Contents: %t, Amount: %t’,
[pocket(keys),1]).
X = "Contents: pocket(keys), Amount: 1"
?- sprintf(atom(X), ’Contents: %t, Amount: %t’,[pocket(keys),1]).
X = ’Contents: pocket(keys), Amount: 1’
?- bufwrite("jack+f(tom)", +(jack, f(tom))).
yes.
?- bufwrite(S, ’Enterprise’).
S = [69,110,116,101,114,112,114,105,115,101]
yes.
SEE ALSO
printf/[2,3,4], write/1, op/3, writeq/1


This 3 year project, funded through the HEA’s Innovation and Transformation Programme, aims to enhance the digital attributes and educational experiences of Irish university students through enabling the mainstreamed and integrated use of digital technologies across the teaching and learning process. The project aims to mainstream digital in teaching and learning activities in Irish Universities by addressing the professional development of all who teach or support teaching and learning.
Who's Involved?
The #IUADigEd team is made up of the project manager, Dr Sharon Flynn, and student associate intern, based in the IUA, and project team members based locally within each of the 7 participating universities
Project Aims
Enhance the digital attributes of Irish university students
Enhance the experiences of Irish university students
Develop, pilot, review and roll out an ambitious staff development programme to enhance the digital confidence, skills and competences of those who teach in Irish universities
Approach
The project aims to mainstream digital in teaching & learning in Irish universities, by addressing the professional development of all who teach or support teaching & learning.
Each university decides on what shape their staff development will take.
ULs approach aims to meet disciplines/groups directly at their needs.
supporting your professional development around digital T&L competences
listening and addressing
a focus on principles of empowerment & sustainability
practical application to attain digital competence
support from an engaged hived mind
Ultimately
IUADigEd intends to provide educators with a professional development experience that facilitates them to explore, investigate, practice, plan, implement, reflect on and evaluate digital teaching & learning practices in a collaborative and supportive environment with colleagues and peers
The central focus of my research study at UL is on exploring the impact of the project on the student experience. The project aims to support university academic staff to develop their digital competences and skills so that students’ learning experiences can in turn be enhanced with technology.
If you volunteer to participate
You will receive an email from the principal investigator inviting you to write individual reflections on your engagement with
the DigCompEdu Framework self-assessment tool, both in advance of, and subsequently a second time on completion of, your engagement with the project, and
the professional development workshops, etc. and subsequent value of this staff development through guided reflections.
Impact on Students
This study will also investigate the student experience of digital teaching and learning at UL and the impact the project has on that experience over the lifetime of the project (2019 - 2022)
As a group
Have you thought about how your students' experiences of digital teaching and learning at UL will be impacted by your intended project goals and outputs?
The group should maintain consistent focus on how the changes being implemented will impact upon their students and if changes are catered for appropriately
This Professional Development Opportunity
What's in it for you?
Mentoring & Support 🤝
Professional Development Workshops 🗺
Digital CPD 💻
Support from a Community of Practice 🚀
What's in it for you?
As an individual 🧑🦰
The opportunity to obtain a national microcredential
There is ~20 hours time committment for participants.
The National Forum will award a digital badge/microcredential to participants who provide evidence that they have met the relevant criteria at the end of their PD journey.
The project lead will liaise directly with the submission lead
The submission lead and any designated team leads within the group, will coordinate with participating staff members on items such as suitable days and times for workshops, meetings, etc.
An online CoP will be established for group communications related to the CPD
Personal & Professional Digital Capacity
is prioritised as a key area for professional development within the scholarship of teaching & learning
Criteria
Reflect on your personal strengths and the areas where you can enhance the ways in which you use digital technologies for teaching and learning, using the DigCompEdu framework.
" Objective A: Prepare online interactive digital content in order to deliver a blended Research Methods module to 2nd year PDT Students.
The intention is to use Adobe XD to build this interactive course and for it to be hosted on Sulis or other suitable platform.
The module’s theories and mythologies together with engaging relevant examples will be introduced in the online environment.
The studio experience then would then be open for workshopping the learning outcomes in groups, with more time for discussion and feedback from staff and colleagues.
After the successful completion of such a professional development opportunity, the relevant staff members involved would be fully capable in developing online digital content.
Objective B:
Improve our virtual interactions between remote students, staff, and research/ industry collaborators.
With support from J&J ACE, they will provide for a trial period a Double Robotics unit for testing in the design studio setting."
Proposed Timeline
"Proposed online content to go live with students September 2020, Proposed remote virtual tuition with Double Robotics asap"
Establishing a Community of Practice
During this CPD opportunity, efforts will be made to establish a Community of Practice amongst group participants.
Currently, it is envisaged that Microsoft Teams, within ULs Office 365 environment, will be used to accomodate elements of an online CoP.
Sum up your requirements and what you hope to get out of this CPD Opportunity?
What do you feel are the groups' motivations?
Will you be enlisting the time/support of a Learning Technologist within your faculty/discipline/group for this undertaking?
DigCompEdu
Project activities across all universities will hang from the DigCompEdu framework
Competences
22 distinct competences within the defined areas
Your proposal identified DigCompEdu areas 1 - Professional Engagement, 2 - Digital Resources, 3 - Teaching & Learning, 5 - Empowering Learners, and 6 - Facilitating Learners' Digital Competence.
Within the areas you identify, which specific competences do you intend to focus your professional development intentions on?
Cross-university snapshot of competences dealt with in PD from pilot phase 1


Testing that <pre> elements properly handle indents.
foo
bar
tab-indented
four-space indented
baz
Indented element,
content at same level.
This line is further indented.
Back to the initial indentation.
Another indented element,
but now the content is indented a level past the element.
This line is further indented,
and now we’re back.
This line is indented further than the content is in general.
Here’s the normal indentation:
these lines should be against the edge.
This line is indented again.
And back to normal.
This is twice-indented.
This is once-indented.
And this line is not indented - it’s even indented less than the element.
Once again.
Twice again.


Jurism, Supervision, and Collaboration
Jurism, Supervision, and Collaboration
In a standard Jurism setup, My Library is private. Even when
synced to zotero.org
, the contents can be accessed only by the
owner’s own account. Group libraries allow access by multiple
users, with read/write permissions on metadata and attachments
controlled by role assignments to each member of the library.
Group libraries lend themselves to collaborative editing, whether in real time in Google Docs, or asynchronously with independent edits merged using a Track Changes feature. However, there is one potential pitfall in collaborative environments. If a user adds a Jurism reference to the shared document from their personal library, citation updates will continue to work, but collaborators will not have access to the source item, and will not be able to make changes to it. If a private citation contains a spelling error (say), the only way for collaborators to make a correction to it is to edit the citation directly in the document text—but this is a no-no, as the edit will “freeze” the citation: if it is a full reference when edited, for example, it will no longer transform to its ibid or subsequent form according to context.
To avoid the problem, a Jurism document can be “locked” to a specific shared library to which the user (and all collaborators) have read/write access. When a lock is applied, all items cited in the document, and all items subsequently added, are copied to the shared library, and the document’s citation link is adjusted to point at the copy. This gives all collaborators access to the library content as well as the document, so that bibliographic edits can be done in the usual way, by editing the library item and refreshing citations.
This feature is particularly useful for writing supervision. A student author will typically begin their project with references from their personal library. When the time arrives for closer supervision, manually changing references in the document to point at a shared library is an unwelcome distraction, and pressure of time may make it impossible. The locking feature gives supervisor immediate read/write access to references cited in the document, where problems and misunderstandings can be sorted out efficiently at source.
The steps for “locking” a document, to be performed by the supervisor or editor, are as follows:
-
Library creation: In Jurism, create a group library to hold the document citations (extraction to My Library is not supported).
-
Sync to client: Sync the new library to the Jurism desktop client.
-
Document settings: With Jurism running, open the document, and in the word processor open Document Preferences, then pick the tab for Project Name. After ticking the box next to release for editing, select the group library from the dropdown list.
-
Reference extraction: When Document Preferences is closed, Jurism may hang briefly while creating items for citations in the document. After it returns, click Refresh once to pick up any items that may have been missed on the first pass.
-
Sync: Sync Jurism to push the newly created items to the group library.
-
Invite: Invite collaborators to the Zotero group.
-
Canonical document: Save the document and provide it to collaborators as the new working copy. (If this step is performed in Google Docs, this step is not necessary.)
So long as collaborators work from the new, locked copy of the project document, all references will land in the shared library. This may give rise to duplicates, so the library should be curated from time to time by the editor to merge (not to delete) them.


Hello
World
World
World
World
World
World
This is a line of text
World
World
World
World
World
Another line of text
Hello World from css
emphasis strong marked
quoted
striked bold italic f(x)
what is this
Hello World from css
emphasis strong marked
quoted
striked bold italic f(x)
what is this
| 1 | 2 | 3 |
| 4 | 5 | 6 |
| 7 | 8 | 9 |


{%extends "nav_events.html"%} {%block title%}Conference Opt-Out{%endblock%} {%block content%}
{{org_name}} will occasionally send emails related to different events based on events that you have previously attended. If you do not wish to receive this information, you can opt out using this page. You can of course also opt out of all communications about events.
Note that even if you opt out, you will still receive information directly related to an event that you have registered for, such as your registration confirmation email. You will also keep receiving information regarding payments you make, such as they payment receipts!


§235-118 Rules and regulations. Except as otherwise provided in this chapter, the department of taxation shall prescribe and have printed all needful rules and regulations for the enforcement of this chapter and such rules and regulations so made shall have the force and effect of law if they be not in conflict with the express statutory provisions to which the same are applicable. [L Sp 1957, c 1, pt of §2; am L Sp 1959 2d, c 1, §16; Supp, §121-50; HRS §235-118]
Cross References
Rules, see chapter 91.


Haystack is meant to be a portable interface to a search engine of your choice. Some might call it a search framework, an abstraction layer or what have you. The idea is that you write your search code once and should be able to freely switch between backends as your situation necessitates.
Haystack is targeted at the following use cases:
The proliferation of search options in Django is a relatively recent development and is actually one of the reasons for Haystack’s existence. There are too many options that are only partial solutions or are too engine specific.
Further, most use an unfamiliar API and documentation is lacking in most cases.
Haystack is an attempt to unify these efforts into one solution. That’s not to say there should be no alternatives, but Haystack should provide a good solution to 80%+ of the search use cases out there.
Haystack started because of my frustration with the lack of good search options (before many other apps came out) and as the result of extensive use of Djangosearch. Djangosearch was a decent solution but had a number of shortcomings, such as:
The initial idea was to simply fork Djangosearch and improve on these (and other issues). However, after stepping back, I decided to overhaul the entire API (and most of the underlying code) to be more representative of what I would want as an end-user. The result was starting afresh and reusing concepts (and some code) from Djangosearch as needed.
As a result of this heritage, you can actually still find some portions of Djangosearch present in Haystack (especially in the SearchIndex and SearchBackend classes) where it made sense. The original authors of Djangosearch are aware of this and thus far have seemed to be fine with this reuse.
Several possibilities on this.
Licensing
A common problem is that the Python bindings for a specific engine may have been released under an incompatible license. The goal is for Haystack to remain BSD licensed and importing bindings with an incompatible license can technically convert the entire codebase to that license. This most commonly occurs with GPL’ed bindings.
Lack of time
The search engine in question may be on the list of backends to add and we simply haven’t gotten to it yet. We welcome patches for additional backends.
Incompatible API
In order for an engine to work well with Haystack, a certain baseline set of features is needed. This is often an issue when the engine doesn’t support ranged queries or additional attributes associated with a search record.
We’re not aware of the engine
If you think we may not be aware of the engine you’d like, please tell us about it (preferably via the group - http://groups.google.com/group/django-haystack/). Be sure to check through the backends (in case it wasn’t documented) and search the history on the group to minimize duplicates.


Classes
The following classes are available globally.
-
Context for Argon2 crypto.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public class CatArgon2Context
-
CatArgon2Crypto
is the crypto for Argon2 function.Argon2 is the password-hashing function that won the Password Hashing Competition (PHC).
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public class CatArgon2Crypto : Contextual, Hashing, Verification
-
Declaration
Swift
public class CatMD2Crypto : CatCCHashingCrypto
-
Declaration
Swift
public class CatMD4Crypto : CatCCHashingCrypto
-
Declaration
Swift
public class CatMD5Crypto : CatCCHashingCrypto
-
Context for MD6 crypto.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public class CatMD6Context
-
Declaration
Swift
public class CatMD6Crypto : Contextual, Hashing
-
Declaration
Swift
public class CatSHA1Crypto : CatCCHashingCrypto
-
Context for SHA-2 crypto.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public class CatSHA2Context
-
Declaration
Swift
public class CatSHA2Crypto : CatCCHashingCrypto, Contextual
-
See moreCatSHA2Crypto
is the crypto for SHA-3 function.Declaration
Swift
public class CatSHA3Crypto : Contextual, Hashing


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The way that can be spoken of Is not the constant way
The name that can be named Is not the constant name.
Be agile, Be flexible, Be variable
Short Biography In Samsung Techwin, I was involved in various projects including IoT camera and cloud camera as a network camera device engineer during 6 years. Running machine learning study group related with researchers and developers who have various background about 3 years, I entered AI development area. After that, I’ve worked in Medipixel the medical startup.
Experience
Programming: C, C++, Python, C#, PHP, HTML, CSS, C, C++, Python, C#, PHP, HTML, CSS, C, C++, Python, C#, PHP, HTML, CSS
Tools: UML, git
System: Embedded system, Linux, Network system
Machine Learning: Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning
Robotics controll:
Skills
Programming: C, C++, Python, C#, PHP, HTML, CSS
Tools: UML, git
System: Embedded system, Linux, Network system
Machine Learning: Deep Learning, Reinforcement Learning
Robotics controll:
Since I opened my eyes to computer development, the art of logic and knowledge, I also have become interested in “Oriental Philosophy” because I believe that it describes a system beyond the system defined in modern philosophies. Wittgenstein, a godfather in modern philosophy, said that
“Whereof one cannot speak, thereof one must be silent.”
This quote is connected with starting paragraph of “Tao Te Ching”, one of the greatest oriental philosophies.
“The way that can be spoken of Is not the constant way
The name that can be named Is not the constant name.”
Both of them indicate something transcending the “Language” system of mankind. I am fascinated by this paradox-systemless system and formless form. In this notion, it means something that cannot be determined as a fixed entity because it changes constantly such as nature. I often feel that this can be a motivation to get unprecedented areas in the present formulaic computer system.
When I was an undergraduate, I had a chance to attend a presentation session on “Cyber Physical System”. In the traditional system, “Human” interaction was the only way to execute task via collected information in the cyber world. However, CPS describes a system to manage the cyber and physical worlds by actuators and sensors without human intervention. The speaker of the session said that the final vision of CPS is to connect all artificial and natural environments on Earth under a single integrated system and control it.
I had been seeking a way to graft the notion of “formless form” onto a computer system. After coming across CPS, I saw the potential to build an infinitely evolving autogenous system. To build this system, it is necessary to obtain the adequate technological background step-by-step.
First, because this system runs by connecting with heterogeneous devices, backbone technologies including IoT, cloud, and network management system are important. Thus, I decided to dive into the industrial field of network device development. Because Samsung Techwin develops network cameras which handle some of the heaviest data, video streaming, I was able to deal with realistic problems in the industrial field. Over the years, I acquired knowledge on networks, device communication, and embedded systems through many projects.
Next, I needed a method to control the system. So, I stepped into the machine learning filed and joined medical AI start-up. At Medipixel, I moved one step closer to my goal through the process of developing a judging objects network and making a decision agent.


= 100"> Congratulations on achieving 100 points or more! You’re now eligible to receive a LEAD Certificate
Only you can see your profile picture!
{{ i + 1 }}
{{ user.points }}
= 100 && authUser.role !== 'admin'" > 100+


TABLE 1
Name
Surname
City
Street
Number
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{{Address.City}}
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Search games from our database, watch trailers, find screenshots and get the metacritic rating all in from one page
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Outdoor Track Race Histories
General
African Championships 5000m
African Championships 10000m
All Africa Games 5000m
All Africa Games 10000m
Asian Games 5000m
Asian Games 10000m
...Far Eastern Games 10000m
Commonwealth Games 5000m
Commonwealth Games 10000m
European Championships 5000m
European Championships 10000m
IAAF World Championships 5000m
IAAF World Championships 10000m
Mediterranean Games 5000m
Mediterranean Games 10000m
Olympic Games 5000m
Olympic Games 10000m
Pan American Games 5000m
Pan American Games 10000m
World University Games 5000m
World University Games 10000m
Australia
Zatopek Classic (Melbourne) 10000m
Grampian (Stawell) 3200m
Belgium
Ivo VanDamme Memorial (Brussels)
Night of Athletics (Heusden)
China
National Games
England
Emsley Carr Mile
France
Prix Roosevelt (Colombes)
Germany
ISTAF (Berlin)
Italy
World Formia Meeting (Formia)
Rieti
Golden Gala (Rome)
Palio della Quercia (Rovereto)
Japan
Hyogo Relays (Kobe)
Netherlands
Fanny Blankers-Koen Games (Hengelo)
Poland
Janusz Kusocinski Memorial
Russia
Znamensky Memorial
Scotland
Powderhall (Edinburgh)
Sweden
Bauhaus Gala (Stockholm)
Switzerland
Athletissima (Lausanne)
Weltklasse Zurich (Zurich)
United States
NCAA Division I Championships 5000m
NCAA Division I Championships 10000m
Drake Relays (Des Moines IA) 5000m
Drake Relays (Des Moines IA) 10000m
Kansas Relays (Lawrence KS) 5000m
Kansas Relays (Lawrence KS) 10,000m


To start, I am a 17-year-old white male, from the suburbs, from a pretty well off family. But I do drugs. I like drugs. Over the last two years I’ve used Weed, DXM, Coke, Crack, Heroin, various benzos, various pills, speed, shrooms, ketamine, E, LSD and basically most things on this site. I have not used PCP, not because I don’t want to, but because I cant find it.
Me and my friend “E” decided to go get some packets so we went downtown to my dealers “house”.  My dealer is this 40-something year old Puerto Rican crackhead who makes a fair deal of cash off dealing smack. This guy is hysterical to me. He can’t read. I left “E” in the car and walked thru the sketchy neighborhood to his room. I walked in and made some small talk, asked for two montega (what they call h) and leave. I had only sniffed h before that day and believe me, it was nothing compared to what I was about to experience. My friend said that she wanted to shoot it so we went to our friendly neighborhood drug store and bought 10 1cc ultra thin diabetic needles or whatever they’re called.
We decided to go to my other friend’s house, which used to be a junkie, and shoot there. The kid, “Z” is mad rich and has a beautiful yard and a gigantic house. We went into his room in the basement and told him we wanted to do it here. This would be my first time injecting anything. I let “E” go first.  He drew the water into the needle, shot it out on the spoon, dumped her packet in, and held it over the candle and dissolved the h into the water. He took the cotton and put it on the spoon, absorbing the heroin. E didn’t want to inject it into her arm herself, so Z volunteered. She tied the belt around her arm, Z found a good vein on her and injected it. She sat there for a moment and let out a huge, sigh-like “oh my godddddd…” We laughed because she looked so happy. E went and laid on the couch and I prepared my dose. I got mine together and drew it into the needle.
Well I have extremely shitty veins on my arms. Every tie I go to get blood work or have been IV’d they take a large amount of the time missing my veins and stabbing at my skin. I Started with my right arm and missed about 4 times. It was disgusting looking because I had all these track marks in my arm. Then I moved to the next one and finally found a good vein, slipped the needle in, pulled back a little for blood, and shot.
Nothing… and then BAM!!! I got the most comfortable feeling ever, 20x more powerful than sniffing the stuff or smoking it. I immediately asked Z if we could go outside since it was such a nice day. I put on a long sleeve shirt because my arms looked horrible and Z’s dad just got home. We went outside and laid in the grass. I can say that I have never felt better than I did that day. I felt invincible, like I could do anything I wanted. I tried playing catch with a football but my sense of gravity was so off I could barely walk.
 I went around the side of the house and threw up violently 3 times. That felt better so I went back.   But everytime I drank any water within 5 minutes I threw it back up. I knew that this was bad because I had to stay hydrated.  Throughout the next 15 hours I vomited 42 times. It sucked really bad, but I stayed high all day.
Overall this was a neutral experience. I got higher off an opiate than I had ever been, but I got really sick for the rest of the day. I’ve learned that injecting drugs is so so so much more powerful and so much more addictive than if it was administered any other way. I am afraid that if I get used to doing this, that I am going to keep doing it. But I am glad I tried IV drugs once, so I could see just how powerful something can be.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


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ID of the container that should be visible before the widget can be rendered.
The ID of a deferred widget.
Callback that is invoked when the widget may possibly have become visible. Checks whether the widget can be rendered and if so, renders it.
true
when the widget was rendered, or false
when the widget still
needs to be rendered later.
Generated using TypeDoc
Represents a deferred render added for a deferred widget. Some widgets need to compute their dimensions based on their parent element(s). This requires that such widgets are not rendered until they have become visible. A widget may not be visible, for example, when it is inside a tab that is not shown when the page is rendered. PrimeFaces provides a global mechanism for widgets to render once they are visible. This is done by keeping a list of widgets that need to be rendered, and checking on every change (AJAX request, tab change etc.) whether any of those have become visible. A widgets should extend
PrimeFaces.widget.DeferredWidget
to make use of this functionality.


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|---|---|
| Lead Data Scientist | Submit Meaningful Use attestations, including data collection, data validity, and submission of materials. Proficiency in analyzing a wide array of data types,... |
| Data Scientist, CDHI | The Climate Corporation’s mission is to help the world’s farmers sustainably increase their productivity with digital tools. The Data and Analytics team is focused on creating competitive advantage for The Climate Corporation and our customers through novel data infrastructure, metrics, insights, and data services. We are a small but rapidly growing data science and engineering team that builds and leverages state-of-the-art analytics systems. Our work informs decisions and direction for our business, while also impacting our products. Data Scientists at The Climate Corporation build predictive and prescriptive models to deliver insights to farmers. In order to take advantage of increasing amounts of agricultural and environmental data, we are hiring new data scientists to drive the research and development of scalable machine learning models. In this role, your work will broadly influence the company's data and products. |
| Data Scientist - Ads Marketplace | Data Scientist - Ads Marketplace. MS or PhD in computer science, data mining, machine learning, statistics, math, engineering, operations research, or other... |


Extract heterogeneous variances for nlme, glmmTMB, and brms models.
extract_het_var(model, digits = 3, scale = "var", ...) # S3 method for lme extract_het_var(model, digits = 3, scale = "var", ...) # S3 method for glmmTMB extract_het_var(model, digits = 3, scale = "var", ...) # S3 method for brmsfit extract_het_var( model, digits = 3, scale = "var", ..., ci_level = 0.95, return_all = FALSE )
| model | An appropriate mixed model. |
|---|---|
| digits | Rounding. Default is 3. |
| scale | Return result on original standard deviation scale ('sd') or as variance ('var'), the default. |
| ... | Other arguments specific to the method. Unused at present. |
| ci_level | For brms objects, confidence level < 1, typically above 0.90. A value of 0 will not report it. Default is .95. |
| return_all | For brms class objects, return all fitted values ( |
A vector of the estimates on the variance scale
For nlme models with heterogeneous variance, i.e. that contain
something like varIdent(form = ~1|Group)
, this returns a more presentable
version the estimates. Only tested with the varIdent
case.
For glmmTMB, this serves as a wrapper for extract_cor_structure for
models with for the diag
function as part of the formula. See that
function for details. For distributional models where the dispersion is
explicitly modeled separately via disp = ~
, use the component
argument
of the other functions in this package.
For brms distributional models with a sigma ~ . formula
, this produces the
(unique) fitted values for the dispersion part of the model. As this is
often just a single grouping variable to allow variance to vary over the
group levels, only the distinct fitted values, which would be one value per
group, are returned. If all fitted values are desired, set return_all
to
TRUE
.
This function has not been tested except in the more simple model settings. It's unclear how well it will work with other model complications added.
Other extract:
extract_cor_structure()
,
extract_fixed_effects()
,
extract_model_data()
,
extract_random_coefs()
,
extract_random_effects()
,
extract_vc()
#> #>#>#> #>library(mixedup) model <- lme( distance ~ age + Sex, data = Orthodont, random = ~ 1|Subject, weights = varIdent(form = ~ 1 | Sex) ) summary(model)#> Linear mixed-effects model fit by REML #> Data: Orthodont #> AIC BIC logLik #> 432.3567 448.2805 -210.1784 #> #> Random effects: #> Formula: ~1 | Subject #> (Intercept) Residual #> StdDev: 1.839463 1.761758 #> #> Variance function: #> Structure: Different standard deviations per stratum #> Formula: ~1 | Sex #> Parameter estimates: #> Male Female #> 1.0000000 0.4541324 #> Fixed effects: distance ~ age + Sex #> Value Std.Error DF t-value p-value #> (Intercept) 18.919992 0.7285568 80 25.969138 0.0000 #> age 0.549887 0.0473096 80 11.623168 0.0000 #> SexFemale -2.321023 0.7629703 25 -3.042088 0.0055 #> Correlation: #> (Intr) age #> age -0.714 #> SexFemale -0.468 0.000 #> #> Standardized Within-Group Residuals: #> Min Q1 Med Q3 Max #> -3.25494115 -0.53013324 -0.02554914 0.51114273 3.03915818 #> #> Number of Observations: 108 #> Number of Groups: 27extract_het_var(model)#> Male Female #> 1 3.104 0.64library(glmmTMB) # does not get the same estimates as nlme, but would get similar if modeled # using dispersion approach. model <- glmmTMB(distance ~ age + Sex + (1 | Subject) + diag(Sex + 0 | Subject), data = Orthodont)#> Warning: 'giveCsparse' has been deprecated; setting 'repr = "T"' for you#> Warning: 'giveCsparse' has been deprecated; setting 'repr = "T"' for you#> Warning: 'giveCsparse' has been deprecated; setting 'repr = "T"' for you#> Warning: Model convergence problem; non-positive-definite Hessian matrix. See vignette('troubleshooting')extract_het_var(model)#> group SexMale SexFemale #> 1 Subject.1 2.072 2.964# compare with model <- glmmTMB(distance ~ age + Sex + (1 | Subject), dispformula = ~ Sex, data = Orthodont)#> Warning: 'giveCsparse' has been deprecated; setting 'repr = "T"' for you#> Warning: 'giveCsparse' has been deprecated; setting 'repr = "T"' for you#> Warning: 'giveCsparse' has been deprecated; setting 'repr = "T"' for you#> Warning: Intervals could not be computed for fixed effects. Returning CI based on SE. #> If Fixed Effect SE is NaN, check random effects for zero variance estimates.#> # A tibble: 2 x 7 #> term value se z p_value lower_2.5 upper_97.5 #> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl> #> 1 Intercept 3.09 0.639 5.45 0 2.06 4.63 #> 2 SexFemale 0.202 0.069 -4.68 0 0.103 0.395


Default number formatting functions in the style of ICU's simpleArg syntax implemented using the Intl object defined by ECMA-402.
Note: Intl is not defined in default Node until 0.11.15 / 0.12.0, so earlier versions require a polyfill. Therefore MessageFormat.withIntlSupport needs to be true for these functions to be available for inclusion in the output.
Properties:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
number |
function | Represent a number as an integer, percent or currency value |
date |
function | Represent a date as a full/long/default/short string |
time |
function | Represent a time as a full/long/default/short string |
- Source:
- See:
Examples
var mf = new MessageFormat('en').setIntlSupport(true);
mf.currency = 'EUR';
var cf = mf.compile('The total is {V,number,currency}.');
cf({ V: 5.5 })
// 'The total is €5.50.'
var mf = new MessageFormat('en', null, {number: MessageFormat.number});
mf.currency = 'EUR';
var cf = mf.compile('The total is {V,number,currency}.');
cf({ V: 5.5 })
// 'The total is €5.50.'


Java is a popular general-purpose programming language and computing platform. It is fast, reliable, and secure. According to Oracle, the company that owns Java, Java runs on 3 billion devices worldwide. Considering the number of Java developers, devices running Java, and companies adapting it, it's safe to say that Java will be around for many years to come.


{% extends 'template-lab-2b.html' %} {% set mainClasses = 'nhsuk-u-padding-top-0' %} {% block pageTitle %} Symptoms - NHS {% endblock %} {% block beforeContent %}
Sudden confusion (delirium) can have many different causes. Get medical help immediately if someone suddenly becomes confused (delirious).
If a person is confused, they may:
Try asking the person their name, their age and today's date. If they seem unsure or cannot answer you, they probably need medical help.
It could be a sign of dementia. The symptoms of dementia often start gradually and get worse over time.
Many of the causes of sudden confusion need assessment and treatment as soon as possible. In some cases, it may be life threatening.
stay with the person – tell them who you are and where they are, and keep reassuring them
use simple words and short sentences
make a note of any medicines they're taking, if possible
do not ask lots of questions while they're feeling confused
do not stop the person moving around – unless they're in danger
Sudden confusion can be caused by many different things. Do not try to self-diagnose – get medical help if someone suddenly becomes confused or delirious.
Some of the most common causes of sudden confusion include:
Page last reviewed: 02 August 2019
Next review due: 02 August 2022


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BY EDWIN JAHIEL
THE CIDER HOUSE RULES *** 1/3. Directed by Lasse Hallstrom. Written by John Irving, based on his novel. Photography, Oliver Stapleton. Editing, Lisa Zeno Churgin. Production design, David Gropman. Music, Rachel Portman. Produced by Richard N. Gladstein. Cast: Tobey Maguire (Homer Wells), Michael Caine (Dr. Wilbur Larch), Charlize Theron (Candy Kendall), Delroy Lindo (Rose), Paul Rudd (Wally Worthington), Jane Alexander (Nurse Edna), Kathy Baker (Nurse Angela), Kieran Culkin (Buster), Kate Nelligan (Olive Worthington), Erykah Badu (Rose Rose), Heavy D (Peaches) et al. A Miramax release. 125 minutes. PG-13
John Irving's novels are fat, have surprises and asides, can meander in interesting ways, and add fantasy to realism. Three have been made into films : "The World According to Garp," (script by Steve Tesich); "The Hotel New Hampshire," (script by Tony Richardson); and "Simon Burch" (adapted very freely from "A Prayer for Owen Meany" with a script by that film's director Mark Steven Johnson)
Irving has not been happy with the films, as he details in his "My Movie Business: A Memoir." He took matters into his own hands by doing the scenario of "The Cider House Rules," a project for 13 years. His script is only a smallish part of the novel, which has been pruned, cut, simplified and made into a most appealing, original movie. You have to see it in order to understand how its title-- a bit precious and esoteric perhaps-- works out. Were Irving starting from scratch, the film might have been simply called "Homer Wells."
It takes you swiftly from the 1920s (when Homer was born) to 1943-45 the years of its major "action," although some hurried reviews make it begin in the 1930s. Michael Caine plays Wilbur Larch, who apparently is not just the M.D. but the loving and beloved ruler of the St.Cloud's orphanage in Maine.
What once was probably a millionaire's rambling mansion at the end of an unpaved road, has been housing a number of parentless (or unwanted) children for years. There are not so many of them so that the building is cracking at the seams, yet for reasons not stated but easy to infer ( pedagogical, psychological, practical-- such as heating) the kids are concentrated in a large dormitory. It reminds one of "Zero for Conduct" or "Au Revoir les Enfants" more as a contrast than a similarity since the place is a loving, caring one. None of those aspects is spelled out in the classically lean script, but it does not have to be.
The oldest child --shown as a young man throughout most of the film --is a boy who was twice adopted and twice returned--for no valid reasons. He has been "baptized" Homer Wells by Dr. Larch. The surrogate father and son bond between Homer and Wilbur is a thing of beauty, not deja vu movie-formulaic, not gloppily sentimental, not artificially colorful. It is always touching and attention-holding.
As the senior orphan, quietly and efficiently, Homer has become the doctor's assistant to the point of having Larch say "I've taught him all I know." Like Larch, the young man loves the children and, in a sense, has become their teen-age father. The tiny staff (at least what we see of it) of the establishment is simply the doctor, Homer and two un-fussy, un-glamorous, dedicated nurses. Ther doctor and one of the women have a relationship. so fleetingly and delicately shown that it warms you up.)
Homer can do anything the doctor does, except that he refuses to participate in abortions. These are illegal. Larch is in some demand --by word of mouth, we suppose. He justifies performing performs them as an alternative to the women getting butchered up by back-street abortionists. Is it divine coincidence? The role that brought Michael Caine to prominence was that of Alfie in the eponymous story of an amoral Cockney seducer who even arranges an abortion.
All this takes place in the first part of the movie. Toby Maguire and Michael Caine are superb in warmth, restraint, as distinctive, not hammed up characters. Caine's long list of roles in dramas, action movies, comedies, psychological films, science-fiction, etc. etc. has included spies, con-men, professors, military heroes, spies, cops, gangsters, and everything else imaginable. His acting here may well be the jewel in his crown. His New England accent is excellent -- but just in case some people get picky, when answering a boy's questions about his past the doctor adds "before that I was an immigrant" "What's an immigrant?" says the child. "Someone who does not live in Maine."
Maguire has an un-sonorous -even a tad raucous--voice, gives an almost minimalist performance, yet paradoxically he covers a wide emotional range The children are terrific. They are not miserable; they are not Dickensian victims (in a clever touch they are read "David Copperfield" in installments); they are surrounded by affection. Yet they would all love to be adopted, to have a "real" family. A touching sequence where children try to hook might-be parents with broad smiles is a gem.
America is in World War II. In a Ford convertible, Wally, a young, volunteer lieutenant who flies the lethal Burma Run, drives up with his girl Candy. She's two-months pregnant. All goes well. Following the operation, Homer hitches a ride with the couple. He wants to experience the outside world. He's never seen the sea (in Maine!), a lobster, or a movie other than a beat-up print of "King Kong" that is projected to the children over and over. Or any girl of Candy's age and looks.
Wally gets him a job picking apples (hence the cider) on his mother's farm, not too far away, along with a group of black itinerant workers who show up at every season. And as his new friend Wally returns to the war in Asia, Homer finds in Candy (the daughter of a nearby lobster fisherman), a friendly guide. She teaches him how to drive; she shows him a drive-in theater; he sees his second movie ("Wuthering Heights") which rather puzzles him: "It's no King Kong!")
The second part concentrates on Homer away from St. Cloud's, yet it does cut back to the orphanage, its happenings, its sorrows, Dr. Larch's strange, often funny maneuvers to fool the Board of Trustees and keep a kind of status quo. And meanwhile, back on the apple farm and the shores of the Atlantic things happen, things that will go even beyond a kind of coming-of-age for Homer. The first section was beautifully unrushed. The second picks up in speed but still without haste. It has some symmetries with the earlier sections, some predictable but fascinating nonetheless. The production and photography are of a high order that spreads out the Americana side of the story without making it "picturesque."
The choice of Lasse Hallstrom as the director was inspired. He is the Swede who made the near-classic "My Life as a Dog" (Sweden, 1985) and in the USA, "Once Around"" What's Eating Gilbert Grape" and "Something to Talk About." His work, character-driven, shows exceptional empathy for children and young people.
Even more than usual I am avoiding clueing in the readers to plot developments. Just see the movie. The late Francois Truffaut would have loved it. It matches almost uncannily his views of love, children, grown-ups who understand them, and adults doing the right thing and the wrong thing.
"Le mauvais gout mene au crime"(Stendhal)
Edwin Jahiel's film reviews are at: http://www.prairienet.org/ejahiel/
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


United Auto Workers Tries to Reform
by ASSOCIATED PRESSDETROIT (AP) — The United Auto Workers union will tighten financial controls, ban contributions from employers and vendors to charities run by its officers, and hire an ethics officer in the wake of a federal corruption investigation.
Acting President Rory Gamble announced a package of reforms Wednesday designed to stop embezzlement and bribery that was unearthed by a continuing federal investigation into corruption that has implicated the UAW’s current and past presidents.
“I’m committed to putting in place the right mechanisms to safeguard our union, regaining the trust of our members and ensuring the misconduct that has recently come to light will never happen again,” Gamble said in a statement.
The reforms include a commitment to recover misused union money, which has angered many of the UAW’s 400,000 members and caused many to distrust its leadership.
The measures are designed to address problems with money from joint training centers run by Fiat Chrysler and General Motors winding up in the pockets of union officials, and diversion of union funds to buy expensive cigars and wines and stays at lavish California villas. The UAW also will seek recovery of the misused money.
The federal probe, which began four years ago, last week snared a retired union vice president and former General Motors board member. Joe Ashton was the 13th person to be charged in probe of the union and auto companies.
He’s accused of taking thousands of dollars in kickbacks from a contractor who made watches for union members. The 58,000 watches, purchased through the joint training center with GM, are still in storage five years later.
Federal agents also searched the Detroit-area home of current union President Gary Jones, and the Corona, California, home of former president Dennis Williams. Neither has been charged, but Jones has taken a paid leave of absence, leaving Gamble to run the union.
Also among the reforms announced Wednesday is the hiring of an ethics ombudsman to hear complaints against union officials, and an ethics officer with the power to investigate allegations of impropriety, the statement says. The ethics officer would be an external position and would not work for the union.
The measures also would ban all contributions from training centers run jointly with the companies to charities run by union officials. Also banned are purchases of “promotional items” by the training programs, and all program spending “will be controlled, monitored and regularly audited by independent public accounting firms,” the statement said.
Gamble, who was the vice president in charge of Ford negotiations before becoming the acting president, said in an interview last week that the union also will require three bids for purchases and that purchases must be made from a union-approved list of vendors.
The union also said it will sell a home that was being built for former President Dennis Williams at the union’s Black Lake conference center and golf course in Northern Michigan.
Copyright © 2019 courthousenews.com


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|
cds
2.3.1
|
TreiberStack default type traits. More...
#include <cds/intrusive/treiber_stack.h>
Public Types | |
| typedef cds::backoff::Default | back_off |
| Back-off strategy. | |
| typedef treiber_stack::base_hook | hook |
Hook, possible types are treiber_stack::base_hook , treiber_stack::member_hook , treiber_stack::traits_hook . | |
| typedef opt::v::empty_disposer | disposer |
The functor used for dispose removed items. Default is opt::v::empty_disposer . This option is used only in TreiberStack::clear() function. | |
| typedef cds::atomicity::empty_item_counter | item_counter |
Item counting feature; by default, disabled. Use cds::atomicity::item_counter to enable item counting. | |
| typedef opt::v::relaxed_ordering | memory_model |
| C++ memory ordering model. More... | |
| typedef treiber_stack::empty_stat | stat |
| Internal statistics (by default, disabled) More... | |
Static Public Attributes | |
| static constexpr const opt::link_check_type | link_checker = opt::debug_check_link |
Link checking, see cds::opt::link_checker . | |
Elimination back-off traits | |
| typedef cds::backoff::delay | elimination_backoff |
Back-off strategy to wait for elimination, default is cds::backoff::delay<> | |
| typedef opt::v::initialized_static_buffer< int, 4 > | buffer |
| Buffer type for elimination array. More... | |
| typedef opt::v::c_rand | random_engine |
| Random engine to generate a random position in elimination array. | |
| typedef cds::sync::spin | lock_type |
| Lock type used in elimination, default is cds::sync::spin. | |
| static constexpr const bool | enable_elimination = false |
| Enable elimination back-off; by default, it is disabled. | |
TreiberStack default type traits.
Buffer type for elimination array.
Possible types are opt::v::initialized_static_buffer
, opt::v::initialized_dynamic_buffer
. The buffer can be any size: Exp2
template parameter of those classes can be false
. The size should be selected empirically for your application and hardware, there are no common rules for that. Default is opt::v::initialized_static_buffer< any_type, 4 >
.
C++ memory ordering model.
Can be opt::v::relaxed_ordering
(relaxed memory model, the default) or opt::v::sequential_consistent
(sequentially consisnent memory model).
Internal statistics (by default, disabled)
Possible option value are: treiber_stack::stat
, treiber_stack::empty_stat
(the default), user-provided class that supports treiber_stack::stat
interface.


Bobby Brown is an American freeskier specializing in slopestyle and big air competitions. Brown was the first to execute multiple
variations of a triple flip or triple cork at a training session in Squaw Valley, California. He gained notoriety after winning both the SlopeStyle and Big Air
events at Winter X Games XIV, registering a perfect score of 100 in the latter. Brown was the first person ever to have landed a Switch Double Misty 1440.
He was one of the first skiers ever to have landed a Triple Cork 1440. Bobby is known for his tricks in the air, He has successfully landed many triple corks.
Brown had a web show called "Bobby's Life", which features his life, friends, and skiing. In addition, Brown was the first skier to win two gold
medals in the same Winter X Games.
In 2010, UA re-signed X Games star Bobby Brown to a multi-year endorsement deal. Under the terms of the agreement, Brown, who is the only skier to
win two gold medals at the same Winter X Games competition, will be featured in various advertising promotional campaigns and will serve as a key winter
sports ambassador for the Brand.
"Under Armour has been a staple of mine since I began competing, and I am extremely excited to extend my partnership with them," said Brown.
"Between training and competitions, I spend hours on the mountain, and Under Armour's technical gear is one of the main reasons I am able
to perform at my best."


Approximates a function in a region between x0
and
x1
such that
In this region, a continuation is constructed from the given
points (x0, y0)
, (x1, y1)
and the
respective derivatives. For this purpose, a single polynomial of
third order or two cubic polynomials with a linear section in
between are used [Gasparo and Morandi, 1991]. This
algorithm was extended with two additional conditions to avoid
saddle points with zero/infinite derivative that lead to integrator
step size reduction to zero.
This function was developed for pressure loss correlations
properly addressing the static head on top of the established
requirements for monotonicity and smoothness. In this case, the
present function allows to implement the exact solution in the
limit of x1-x0 -> 0
or y1-y0 ->
0
.
Typical screenshots for two different configurations are shown
below. The first one illustrates five different settings of
xi
and yid
:
The second graph shows the continuous derivative of this regularization function:
Literature
function regFun3 extends Modelica.Icons.Function; input Real x "Abscissa value"; input Real x0 "Lower abscissa value"; input Real x1 "Upper abscissa value"; input Real y0 "Ordinate value at lower abscissa value"; input Real y1 "Ordinate value at upper abscissa value"; input Real y0d "Derivative at lower abscissa value"; input Real y1d "Derivative at upper abscissa value"; output Real y "Ordinate value"; output Real c "Slope of linear section between two cubic polynomials or dummy linear section slope if single cubic is used"; end regFun3;
(x0,y0)
and (x1,y1)
on horizontal line,
then return value c
was undefined. This was corrected.
Furthermore, an additional term was included for the computation of
y
in this case to assist automatic
differentiation.


\( \def\RR{\bf R} \def\real{\mathbb{R}} \def\bold#1{\bf #1} \def\d{\mbox{Cord}} \def\hd{\widehat \mbox{Cord}} \DeclareMathOperator{\cov}{cov} \DeclareMathOperator{\var}{var} \DeclareMathOperator{\cor}{cor} \newcommand{\ac}[1]{\left\{#1\right\}} \DeclareMathOperator{\Ex}{\mathbb{E}} \DeclareMathOperator{\diag}{diag} \)
Network Modeling of HIV and Brain
Xi (Rossi) LUO
Brown University
Department of Biostatistics
Center for Statistical Sciences
Computation in Brain and Mind
Brown Institute for Brain Science
Brown Data Science Initiative
The ABCD Research Group
2017 CFAR Forum
May 19, 2017
Funding: NSF/DMS (BD2K) 1557467; NIH R01EB022911, P20GM103645, P01AA019072, P30AI042853
- Overview: machine learning, Bayesian, probability/matrix theory, optimization, large-scale computing
- Idea: integrate techniques from CS, Biology, Math, and Stat to solve some complex problems
Why Important for HIV and Neuroscience
- Big data
- genes, cytokines/chemokines, neuroimaging
- Complex data
- Multiple data domains, visits
- Comorbidities, behavior
- Big and complex
- Link big data with complex outcomes
Ex 1: Genes and HIV Brains
- Gene expression arrays on post-mortem brain tissues Borjabad et al, 2011
- Tens of thousands genes
- Outcome: controls, treated HAND, untreated HAND
- Data: publicly available from NIH GEO GSE28160
- R package also publicly available from CRAN
- Follow NIH's call for reproducible research
- Question: are there relationships between expressions and HIV treatment?
Method Comparision
- Massive testing
- T tests for each gene vs HAND treatment (Yes/No)
- Drawbacks: far from biology, no validation, sample size, multiple testing
- Network modeling
- Goal: how all genes together as networks related to treatment
- Need computational and mathematical tools to find gene networks
- Black-box machine learning and artificial intelligence
- Feed genes into predictive models
- Examples: random forests, support vector machine
- Test prediction performance on an independent sample
Results
Recovered Gene Networks
Our (red line) prediction vs other AIs (higher accuracy better)
Ex 2: HIV + Molecules + Imaging
- With ARCH investigators, R Cohen and others
- Data:
- Baseline covariates
- Many cytokine and chemokine markers
- Many imaging outcomes in multiple brain regions at multiple visits
- Magnetic resonance spectroscopy
- Regions: front, middle, ...
- How (some) markers influence imaging (trends)?
Our method removed many insignificant combinations automatically (red: p$\lt$0.05 FDR)
Ex 3: Predicting Diseases
- Other comorbidities: T2D or CVD
- Recent collaboration with Drs Ingalls and Ray (BU) on HIV
- Make these computational tools widely available
- Use for behavioral interventions?
Summary
- Network modeling
- Complex models for complex diseases
- New translational tools and technologies
- Much more to be done
- Thanks to CFAR and ARCH!
- Especially, my mentor Joe Hogan and many other colleagues
- Team: R Cohen, B Navia, and students
Thank you!
Comments? Questions?
Slides at:
BigComplexData.com


internal val playlistInfo: Pair<String, Int>?
nullable pair of information (playlist name + index of selected track)
playlistInfo - nullable pair of information (playlist name + index of selected track)
playlistInfo


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Graph Theory
Prerequisite: Matrix Multiplication
A matrix can be used to represent paths from i to j if \(a_{ij} = 1\).
\[\begin{split}a = \left[\begin{array}{lcr}
0 & 1 & 0 \\
1 & 0 & 0 \\
0 & 0 & 0
\end{array}\right]\end{split}\]
Matrix multiplication is defined as:
for n x m matrix A, m x k matrix B,
\[A \cdot B = C\]
where C is a n x k matrix,
\[\sum_{t=0}^m a_{jt} \cdot b_{tj} = c_{ij}.\]
Example, \(A_{2x4} \cdot M_{4x3} = C_{2x3}\)
\[\begin{split}\begin{bmatrix}
a_{00} & a_{01} & a_{02} & a_{03} \\
a_{10} & a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13}
\end{bmatrix}
\begin{bmatrix}
m_{00} & m_{01} & m_{02} \\
m_{10} & m_{11} & m_{12} \\
m_{20} & m_{21} & m_{22} \\
m_{30} & m_{31} & m_{32}
\end{bmatrix} =
\begin{bmatrix}
c_{00} & c_{01} & c_{02} \\
c_{10} & c_{11} & c_{12}
\end{bmatrix}\end{split}\]
where \(c_{00} = a_{00} \cdot b_{00} + a_{01} \cdot b_{10} + a_{02}\cdot b_{20} + a_{03} \cdot b_{30}\).
Graph Path
In a n nodes graph, paths of length 2 from node i to node j are:
\[\begin{split}\begin{align}
& n_i \rightarrow n_0 \rightarrow n_j \\
& n_i \rightarrow n_1 \rightarrow n_j \\
& ... \\
& n_i \rightarrow n_{n-1} \rightarrow n_j
\end{align}\end{split}\]
Possible paths from \(n_i\) to \(n_j\) can be:
\[a_{i0} \cdot a_{0j} + a_{i1} \cdot a_{1j} + ... + a_{i(n-1)} \cdot a_{(n-1)j}\]
where \(a_{ij}\) can be either 1 or 0, stands for a path from i to j or not.
A length 2 path matrix can be multiplication of 2 matrix:
\[\begin{split}\begin{bmatrix}
a_{00} & a_{01} & a_{02} & a_{03} \\
a_{10} & a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{20} & a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{30} & a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33}
\end{bmatrix}
\begin{bmatrix}
a_{00} & a_{01} & a_{02} & a_{03} \\
a_{10} & a_{11} & a_{12} & a_{13} \\
a_{20} & a_{21} & a_{22} & a_{23} \\
a_{30} & a_{31} & a_{32} & a_{33}
\end{bmatrix} =
\begin{bmatrix}
b_{00} & b_{01} & b_{02} & b_{03} \\
b_{10} & b_{11} & b_{12} & b_{13} \\
b_{20} & b_{21} & b_{22} & b_{23} \\
b_{30} & b_{31} & b_{32} & b_{33}
\end{bmatrix}\end{split}\]
ACSL Sample Problem 2
Paths:
\[\begin{split}\begin{align}
& A \rightarrow A & B \rightarrow B \\
& A \rightarrow C & C \rightarrow A \\
& B \rightarrow C &
\end{align}\end{split}\]
In matrix:
\[\begin{split}M =
\begin{bmatrix}
1 & 0 & 1 \\
0 & 1 & 1 \\
1 & 0 & 0
\end{bmatrix},
M^2 =
\begin{bmatrix}
2 & 0 & 1 \\
1 & 1 & 1 \\
1 & 0 & 1
\end{bmatrix},
M^4 =
\begin{bmatrix}
5 & 0 & 3 \\
4 & 1 & 3 \\
3 & 0 & 2
\end{bmatrix}\end{split}\]
Assembly Language
ACSL Topic: Assembly Language
In the previous section, we already implemented a simple ALU that can do Addition
and Subtraction. A simple CPU (Control Process Unit) can like this:
Source
A simple computer organization:
Source
This structure help us understand how computer program works, it’s all code and
data stored in memory. The code is actually assembly program.
ACSL chose to define its own assembly language rather than use a “real” one in
order to eliminate the many sticky details associated with real languages. Be
familiar with the OPCODE.
Walk through the OP CODE is a must.


Archimedes Story
“I believe the next line in Aristippus’ puzzle is some description that might make sense when you get there, and the hint is there in case you are really having trouble. The coordinates of the mysterious location seem to be 37.4282° N, 122.1700° W. I wonder what we'll find when we get there."


Use .card-group
class is similar to .card-deck
. The only difference is that the
.card-group
class removes left and right margins between each card.
Note: The cards are displayed vertically on small screen (less than 576px), WITH top and bottom.
Primary
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Praesent efficitur vehicula sodales. Praesent ac augue quis lorem ultricies accumsan. Mauris dignissim, neque sed rutrum congue, dolor leo sodales nulla, et sodales nunc ligula ac dui. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit.
Info
Warning


---
layout: portal
category: reject
tags: reject
id: 29
imgurl: https://lh4.ggpht.com/NenQbl-XjlvIHQbSrJHMrsuEgr0Fd4Wi7DHaC9wH3-6KGaG33YPq6C56QjykNFZY_kfCHWvvqwpNYEqSKtRz
portalname: 南橋
sentdate: Thu Feb 12 12:27:47 JST 2015
title: 29 - 南橋
---
From: Ingress Operations<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Date: 2015-01-24 4:37 GMT+09:00
Subject: Ingress Portal Rejected: 南橋
To: **
Thank you for your Portal submission. However, this Portal candidate does not meet the criteria required for approval.
Please refer to New Portal Submission criteria at our Help Center for further information.


So the mind is immaterial.
Is human intelligence finite?
Here, finite means limited.
Yes, human intelligence is finite.
No, human intelligence is infinite.
Back


A language that adds functionality and interaction to websites.
Symbols that compare two items.
Words that can stand in for a function, string, or integers.
Use a descriptive name.
Something that can return a result.
Built in functions.
Functions can take arguments.
Input needed to return a function.
To return the product of the function to be used further.
Multiple built-in functions that can chain to each other.
Characters with quotation marks that can be manipulated as words.
True/False
Variable without a value that can be used as a number.
An integer that is not a number.
To exit the command line.
A pop up.
Explanatory writing that doesn't affect the code.
A JavaScript library.
Something that modifies an HTML element (like href, src, width, etc.)


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