--- layout: post title: "Transducers From The Ground Up" permalink: /:title/ tags: [clojure, transducers, "functional programming"] categories: [clojure, transducers, "functional programming"] ---
It is not an exaggeration to say transducers are the greatest thing since sliced bread. They open up new frontiers in performance and composition.
In this series, we'll take a deep look at transducers. We'll derive them naturally from existing concepts, see the wide variety of use cases in which they apply, and how much performance we gain thereby.
All the examples in this post work in the REPL. I recommend keeping one open and following along, especially if you're starting to feel lost.
Hope you brought your swimming trunks, we're going on a deep dive.
Remember this book?
If you've been hanging long enough around programmers, you've probably met one who swears up and down by it. "It changed my life, dude!".
I can't very well argue with that because it changed mine, too, but
lest I get biographical, let's have a crack at one of my favorite
exercises in the book: implementing reduce
.
We'll only implement foldl here. Skip to the appendix for an implementation of foldr if you're interested.
(defn -reduce [f init coll] (if-let [s (seq coll)] (recur f (f init (first s)) (rest s)) init)) (-reduce conj [] [1 2 3]) ;; => [1 2 3] (-reduce + 0 [1 2 3]) ;; => 6
In general, the function reduce
takes has the following signature:
(fn rf [accum x] ...) ;; returns new accum
We dub it rf
for reducing function.
Now that we have implemented reduce
, how about we implement map
?
The following implementation is tail recursive, and requires
introducing a "state" variable, init
in this example.
(defn -map [f init coll] (if-let [s (seq coll)] (recur f (conj init (f (first s))) (rest s)) init)) (-map inc [] (range 3)) ;; => [1 2 3]
Nice. It works. It also looks very similar to reduce
. So similar in
fact, that we can factor out the differences and implement map
with
reduce
:
(defn -map [f init coll] (-reduce (fn [init x] (conj init (f x))) init coll)) (-map inc [] (range 3)) ;; => [1 2 3]
That actually worked. But what does it mean?
Let's take a deeper look at the function we pass to reduce. It's only
a function of f
. We can factor it out as well:
(defn -mapper [f] (fn [init x] (conj init (f x)))) (defn -map [f init coll] (-reduce (-mapper f) init coll)) (-map inc [] (range 3)) ;; => [1 2 3]
There's only one problem left with our mapper
. It might not look
like a problem, but it's there: Its behavior is still concreted via
conj
. What is its purpose?
conj
is a reducing function itself. Remember this example?
(-reduce conj [] [1 2 3]) ;; => [1 2 3]
conj
is just a function which takes an aggregate value and an
element, and adds the element to the aggregate. Let's factor it out as
rf
:
(defn -mapper [f] (fn [rf] (fn [accum x] (rf accum (f x))))) (defn -map [f init coll] (-reduce ((-mapper f) conj) init coll)) (-map inc [] (range 3)) ;; => [1 2 3]
Now we've made something interesting. It just looks even more complicated.
I also performed a slight of hand and renamed init
to accum
to
fully embed us in the context of reducing functions.
Let's drop map
for a while and remain in a reducing context:
(defn -mapper [f] (fn [rf] (fn [accum x] (rf accum (f x))))) (-reduce ((-mapper inc) conj) [] (range 3)) ;; => [1 2 3] (-reduce ((-mapper inc) +) 0 (range 3)) ;; => 6
Hold up. That's illegal.
Or is it? Let's take a look and understand what we did here: we have completely separated the behavior of mapping over a sequence, from the behavior of accumulating the results of the mapping into something.
There's some magic to it, but we can actually do it with every function which can be implemented with reduce. There's also a nice equivalence between functions that can be implemented with reduce and with a loop, so every function you can think of that can be implemented by one of those, can turn into a function which changes the behavior of a reducing process. Transforms it. A trans-ducer.
Finally, we can derive our very own transduce:
(defn -transduce [xf rf init coll] (-reduce (xf rf) init coll))
Since Clojure is functional, we can use simple substitution, no need
to eval the next section in the REPL. I use the REPL ;; =>
output
prompt symbol as a visual line-break. Every stage is an expansion of
the previous one or function application.
We want to see what's the result of composing two mappers:
(comp (-mapper g) (-mapper f))
Remember the definition of -mapper
:
(defn -mapper [f] (fn [rf] (fn [accum x] (rf accum (f x)))))
Transducers are applied to reducing functions.  The order of composition of mappers is the order of execution of mapped functions.
We have two questions to answer:
comp
?
Let's interpret the comp
body:
((-mapper g) ((-mapper f) rf))
(-mapper g)
takes a function as its argument. Looking at the
definition of mapper
, notice it will only be called after (g x)
is evaluated. This is how g
is called before f
.
Let's try to understand the type of mapper
.
We have a function which takes a function, returns a function of a function. quite involved to write in words, so let's try to write the type signatures:
f :: a -> b mapper :: (a -> b) -> (rf -> (accum -> a -> accum)) rf :: accum -> a -> accum -- mapper :: (a -> b) -> ((accum -> a -> accum) -> (accum' -> a' -> accum')) mapper :: (a -> b) -> (rf -> rf')
By looking at the types and implementation we can start to make sense of what mapper does. It takes a function, and returns a function which, deep breath, takes a reducing function, and returns a modified reducing function. The transformation encapsulates a computational process.
That way, we can chain transducers on top of another to create a computational chain, and only activate it in the end with a reducer.
A reducer is any function which accumulates an element into an
accumulator. +
and conj
both count as reducing functions. We
don't have to accumulate scalar values.
We have reached the end of the first part.
Up until now, we have rolled our own. Let's tie the work we have done here to the Clojure APIs, naming conventions, and usage:
rf
: some reducing functionxf
: some transducer(comp xf1 xf2)
returns a new transducer which
executes from left to right.(xf rf)
returns a new reducing function.A short list of functions with new arities (as of Clojure 1.7) which return or consume transducers:
Moreover, the following two functions have been added: eduction and transduce.
Now that we have laid down the theoretical foundations for understanding transduscers, we can continue on the next post to see them in practice.
Any correction and all feedback are always welcome.
Happy hacking
(defn reduce-rec [f init coll] (if-let [s (seq coll)] (f (reduce-rec f init (rest coll)) (first s)) init)) (reduce-rec conj () [1 2 3]) ;; => (1 2 3)
(defn filter-rec ([pred coll] (when-let [s (seq coll)] (let [f (first s) r (rest s)] (if (pred f) (cons f (filter pred r)) (filter pred r)))))) (filter-rec even? (range 6)) ;; => (0 2 4) (defn filter-iter ([pred init coll] (if-let [s (seq coll)] (let [f (first s) r (rest s)] (recur pred (if (pred f) (conj init f) init) r)) init))) (filter-iter even? [] (range 6)) ;; => [0 2 4] (defn filter-red [pred] (fn [init coll] (fn [rf] (reduce-iter (fn [init x] (if (pred x) (rf init x) init)) init coll)))) (defn filterer [pred] (fn [init x] (if (pred x) (conj init x) init))) (defn filterer [pred] (fn [comb] (fn [init x] (if (pred x) (comb init x) init))))
The complete core transducer API has three arities for the returned reducing function:
(defn map-xf ([f] (fn [rf] (fn ([] (rf)) ([result] (rf result)) ([result input] (rf result (f input))) ([result input & inputs] (rf result (apply f input inputs))))))) (defn filter-xf ([pred] (fn [rf] (fn ([] (rf)) ([result] (rf result)) ([result input] (if (pred input) (rf result input) result))))))
There has already been a post called Transducers From The Ground Up by
Uswitch Labs. That post is unfortunately gone and is only found on
archiving websites. Republished!
This isn't a reprint, but my personal take on the subject.
Other tutorials worth looking at:


{% extends "search_template.htm" %} {% block title %} Search VOWR Digital Catalogue {% endblock %} {% block subnavbar %} {% include 'includes/_messages.htm' %}
{% endblock %} {% block body %} {% if params.get('searchResults') != None %}This page is used to browse the VOWR Music Library. You may search by Song Title, Artist Name, Library Album ID, and/or Category. You may also filter search results for only Canadian content or to eliminate duplicate results with an identical Song Title and Artist Name.
To return a list of all songs in the library, simply click the Search button without providing any search parameters.
By default, results are sorted by Artist Name. If you prefer to sort by Song Title, Library Album ID, or Category, click the heading in question in the results pane and the results will be reordered.


{{post.date_created}}
{{post.user}}
{% endcomment %}{{post.desc}}
This application acts as a bridge between Donors and NGOs, it helps the donor to donate unused medicines to NGOs and further, these medicines are utilized by a needy person. At this platform, NGOs can easily find their required donor in just a few clicks. They can easily contact each other.
Some times we have extra medicine which we never going to use in the future and it gets wasted, if we donate these medicines to the needy person that will be a great thing. So our application did the same job it provides Both NGOs and Donar a platform on which you can fill the details of the extra medicine like its name, company name, manufacturing date, expiry date, and if you want you can upload the photo of it and further process is handled by our application to connect that donor to the needy / NGOs, which they further use to save someone's life.
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| First name | Last name | Gender | Date of birth | NINO | Current Address | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harry | Howard | Male | 25 September 1958 | QQ123456C | 23, Invisible Street Nowhere City United Kingdom |
Add to claim |
| Harry | Howard | Male | 25 September 1958 | FD123456C | 44, Invisible Street Nowhere City United Kingdom |
Add to claim |
| Harry | Howard | Female | 25 September 1958 | NN123456C | 4, Invisible Street Nowhere City United Kingdom |
Add to claim |
| Harry | Howard | Male | 12 September 1958 | MK123456C | 40, Invisible Street Nowhere City United Kingdom |
Add to claim |
| First name | Last name | Gender | Date of birth | NINO | Current Address | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Harri | Howard | Male | 7 September 1958 | GG2342342 | 11, Invisible Street Nowhere City United Kingdom |
Add to claim |
| Harry | Howard | Male | 4 September 1958 | AA2343234 | 34, Invisible Street Nowhere City United Kingdom |
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| DOSE: |
0.75 tsp |
oral |
Ginger |
(ground / crushed) |
Woke up today (05/16/01) with an upset stomach. School's over for the summer so I'm stuck back home and actively engaged in involuntary cessation of smoking -- tobacco and otherwise -- because of a temporary lack of car and money.
I took a heaping 3/4 teaspoon --yes teaspoon-- and mixed the powder with a glass of water.
Almost immediately I felt a type of pressure or force go through my head and tensing of forehead muscles. Sort of like the the feeling of increased circulation with Ginko and Ginseng, but somehow a bit dark and troubling (I wasn't expecting non-medicinal effects!) Thoughts were not fully clouded but mental trains definitely were more erratic. Actually I felt quite good, bordering even on euphoric. Its hard to describe but the closest is the physical sensation of Passionflower and the mental pattern closest to marijuana, though definitely not as intense. Mild, but I was _definitely_ altered.
Marked increase in appetite (though the queeziness later returned, briefly) and initially a mildly unpleasant burning/tingling sensation in stomach. Skin was unusually sensetive, something like Damiana, and was probably just caused by increased blood flow to nerves, but makes the claim of aphrodisiac (even considered outdated in an herbal from 1890!) somewhat believable. Experiment (grin).
The buzz lasted for about 20 minutes. Some effects persisted until dinner, 4 hours later. Quite possibly could have lasted longer had I not caved to the munchies. Probably a good thing because just then my mom walked in and demanded I help move the neighbor's furniture.
This was unfortunate.
I could not concentrate very well and my physical co-ordination has been shitty since then. Hopefully sleep will help this.
In summary this was definitely an interesting discovery, especially welcome considering I haven't been anything but sober for a while. I will definitely be experimenting with this again, and it has convinced me to try Galangal, as the two species are related. Its cheap, legal and it seems to be relatively healthy, as larger doses are recommended medicinally. However, this is not the type of drug to pop in the middle of a demanding day. Actually, this might be a good way for someone to try their first drug, its probably safer than alcohol.
Appendix: In case you are interested, I used:
'Spice Rack (tm)'
Salt & Sugar Free
Naturally Pure Ground Ginger
I believe this jar is at least a year old. I wonder if potency goes up or down with age.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Arrays and hashes are collections of objects that are ordered (though in previous versions of Ruby hashes were unordered).
An array basically stores objects -- any kind of objects, including other arrays, hashes, integers and strings to name a few. An array has a built-in index mechanism whereby you can call up a particular object within the array using its corresponding index. The first object has an index of [0], the next object [1], and so on. Also useful is that the last object in an array, whether or not you know how many objects the array has, can be summoned with the index value of [-1] (in Ruby anyway). To call up a particular object within an array, you can use array[n], n being the index number of the object you wish to summon. For example, with the array "example" consisting of [6, 9, 12, 4], you could call up the second object (9) by using example[1]. In Ruby you could call up the last element with the following: example[-1].
A hash stores objects in key/value pairs. For example:
In this example "a" is the key for the value 100. You can access the 100 value like this: h["a"] ==> 100
In practice, often times hashes are used to store large strings and their corresponding abbreviations.


Welcome to easy_perception_deployment’s documentation!
Setup
Getting Started
Training a P1 Image Classification Model
Training a P2/P3 Object Detection Model
Deploying a custom ONNX Model
Test
API
FAQ
easy_perception_deployment
»
Welcome to easy_perception_deployment’s documentation!
View page source
Welcome to easy_perception_deployment’s documentation!
¶
Indices and tables
¶
Index
Module Index
Search Page
Table of Contents
¶
Welcome to easy_perception_deployment’s documentation!
Setup
System Requirements for Docker Installation
Docker Installation
System Requirements for Local Installation
Local Installation
Getting Started
Build Camera using ROS2
Launch Camera ROS2
Launch Easy Perception Deployment ROS2 Package
Training a P1 Image Classification Model
Collect Training Data
Label Training Data
Train Model
Training a P2/P3 Object Detection Model
Collect Training Data
Label Training Data
Train Model
Deploying a custom ONNX Model
Steps
Use Case Configuration
Incompatible Model Input Shape?
Test
Run
gtests
on Easy Perception Deployment ROS2 package
Generate
gtests
Code Coverage
Run
pytests
on Easy Perception Deployment GUI
Generate
pytests
Code Coverage
API
windows
trainer
epd_utils_lib
ort_cpp_lib
FAQ
Issue: How to view easy_perception_deployment’s custom messages?


OwnerFiltered on the databaseCategoryFiltered on client
BodyFiltered on clientStatus--CompleteIncompleteFiltered on client
Order by--CategoryStatusBodyOwnerOrder by categoryLimitLimit by number
There was a problem loading the todos. Possibly the server is down or perhaps there are network
issues.
Please wait a bit and try again or start the server.


My First Web Page
Written with the guidance of Epicodus
This is my first web page
Isn't it nice?
Here are some things I'm going to learn about coding:
HTML
CSS
Java Script
And a lot more!
Favorite Things


From the student’s viewpoint:
- A student is expected to complete in 4 years
- The first year is used to acquiring theoretical, technical, research and communication skills
- Combination of lectures and project work.
- Strong emphasis on group work
- The student is a given a description of projects and supervisors, and selects 2 of these for short 10-week projects.
- These are similar in scope to a master’s level project.
- It is expected that one of these will go on to become the topic of the PhD
- Key advantage: that the choice of substantive PhD research is
- not entirely open-ended; and
- delayed to a point where a student can make an informed choice about the project and supervisor.
Operational Details of the BITS PhD Program >
Every candidate has to complete certain requirements during his/her Ph. D. programme as given in the following paragraphs. The process starts with applying for Ph. D. programme of the Institute and getting admitted.
Departmental Research Committee (DRC)
Each Department has a “Departmental Research Committee” (DRC), consisting of Head of Department (HOD) as ex-officio member and Chairperson, and 2 to 6 faculty members, at the level of Assistant Professor or above, who are active in research. The committee is responsible for monitoring research activity in the department. Every candidate has to interact closely with DRC of the department he/she is concerned.
Doctoral Advisory Committee (DAC)
For each Ph.D. student, the DRC will recommend a notional thesis supervisor or mentor on the basis of department need and student’s area of interest. Further, for each Ph.D. student, the DRC will, in consultation with the notional supervisor of the student, appoint two additional members for Doctoral Advisory Committee (DAC). For students in interdisciplinary area there can be DAC member(s) from other department/campuses based on topic of research.
Registration
All the candidates have to register in every semester till the submission of his/her thesis. In the beginning of each semester, all the candidates will sign the registration card confirming their registration for the semester. This card indicates the courses in which he/she is being registered in that particular semester.
Registration of on-campus candidates (Full Time and Part Time) will be done by campus based Academic Registration and Counselling (ARC) Division on the day of registration. Semester fee and all other dues are to be cleared before registration in each semester.
Under exceptional conditions, a candidate can seek permission for not registering in a particular semester by making an application to the Associate Dean, ARD well before the beginning of semester giving valid reasons for the same. The application has to be recommended by the supervisor(s) and forwarded by DRC of the concerned department.
Duration of Ph. D. programme
A student must submit his thesis within ten semesters (excluding summer terms) to be counted from the semester next to passing the qualifying examination. If the student fails to submit his thesis within stipulated period he may request the respective DRC for extension of time. Such extension for submission of thesis are limited to a maximum of four semesters. Thus, the duration for submitting final thesis (including all extensions and semester withdrawals) are limited to 14 semesters. If a candidate fails to submit his/her final thesis during this period, he/she will be discontinued from the programme. The female candidates who have availed maternity leave during this period may be given one extra semester for thesis submission


Note
You can think of this like the floor plans to a house--where do all the rooms go? How big are they? What are their functions?
Note
CSS is what gives your HTML structure it's unique beauty--it's the paint color, the shades, the carpet, and so on.
Note
When an HTTP client (generally a Web browser) requests a URL that points to a directory structure instead of an actual Web page within the directory, the Web server will generally serve a general page, which is often referred to as a main or "index" page. The traditional filename for such a page is index.html, but most modern HTTP servers offer a configurable list of filenames that the server can use as an index..
There are a few tags that are essential to any HTML document
<!DOCTYPE html> Declaring your document type will tell your browser which markup language you're using and allow it to parse everything correctly. It's also case-sensitive!
<html> The html tag signals the beginning of your webpage, and is the container for all other elements. It's sometimes called the "root element"
<body> The body element marks the beginning of the structure of our webpage
Probably! W3schools has a reference page that can answer that question: http://www.w3schools.com/tags/default.asp
On the topic of w3schools: http://www.w3fools.com/
External Stylesheets are ideal for most projects because they give you control over multiple elements at a time, allow you to use the same styles in multiple pages on your site, and generally keep your files clean.
If you only want to style one instance of something, use an id. For instance if you have a list, but want the first item to be in green, you would give that item an id.
#firstlistitem{
color: green;
font-size: 24px;
}
If you want to style multiple instances of that thing, you would give it a class. For instance, if you wanted the first three items to be green, you'd give them all a class.
.myparagraphs{
color: green;
font-size: 24px;
}
If you want all instances of that thing to have the style, you can refer to it by element type. For instance, we'd define all list items within a div to be green.
li{
color: green;
font-size: 24px;
}
#p{
color: black;
color: #000;
color: #000001;
}
...And many more. Google will know.


You get to meet new people and socialise professionally
Membership lasts for a year and it's simple and affordable.
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Routing Package Details
Lorem Package Name
Edit| Routing # | PAM # | Group | Administrator | Status | Routing Started on | Comments |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Reviewers
| Routing Sequence # | Reviewer | Concorrence/Approval | Comments | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Remove Hold |
Comments to Reviewer |
||
CC Reviewers
|
|
||||
Files
| File | Description |
|---|---|
Reviewer Comments


{% include "components/head.html" %}
{% include "components/header.html" %}
{{ layoutContent | safe }}
{% include "components/sidebar.html" %} {% include "components/footer.html" %}


WITNESS LIST
Intergovernmental Relations
March 4, 2019 11:00 AM
FOR:
Ross, Michael Bain Fire Chief (City of Corinth), Corinth, TX
Registering, but not testifying:
FOR:
Bunselmeyer, Lee Ann Director of Finance (City of Corinth), Corinth, TX
Registering, but not testifying:
FOR:
Schleifer, Jessica Director of Advocacy (Teaching Hospitals of Texas), Austin, TX
Providing written testimony:
ON:
Johnson, Jim Sr VP and Safety Officer (University Medical Center Hospital), Lubbock, TX
FOR:
Allison, Jim General Counsel (County Judges & Commissioners Assoc. of Texas), Austin,
TX
Ortega Carter, Dolores Harris County Treasurer (also providing written testimony)
(County Treasurer Assoc. of Texas), Austin, TX
Registering, but not testifying:
FOR:
Henderson, Jennifer L. County Treasurer of Schleicher County (Schleicher County and
County Treasurers' Association of Texas), Eldorado, TX
Jeter, Melissa Vice President (Texas Association of County Auditors/Houston Co Auditor),
Crockett, TX
Johnson, Windy Program Manager (Texas Conference of Urban Counties), Austin, TX
Johnston, Robert County Judge (County Judges & Commissioners Assoc. of Texas),
Palestine, TX
Klein, Kristen Treasurer (Texas Assn of County Auditors), Seguin, TX
Providing written testimony:
FOR:
Hartl, Jan County Treasurer (Wilson County & County Treasurers Association of Texas),
Floresville, TX


This example demonstrates how to set up a media stream using your built-in webcam, fetch an image from that stream, and create a PNG using that image.
Visit our article Taking still photos with WebRTC to learn more about the technologies used here.


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display (st7789)
Display example
This is just a simple display test. It displays coloured squares, but it allows you to check if the screen is OK.
TIP: While connecting 5V, do not connect 3.3V at the same time
The watch has background leds for the LCD.
They need to be on (LOW) to visualize the display.
Have a look in the source code.
$ west build -p -b pinetime samples/display/st7789v
Once the compilation is completed you can upload the firmware.
If all goes well, you should see some coloured squares on your screen.
Note : in order to get the display st7789 Picture-Perfect, you might need a zephyr patch
have a look at : https://github.com/zephyrproject-rtos/zephyr/pull/20570/files You will find them in this repo under patches-zephyr.


Isar735.github.io
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C language
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evolution of
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generation
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for MVS
cat
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cc
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cdda2wav
CDDB/freedb.org database
cdrecord
cdrtools
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chattr
Checklist features
checkpassword
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chem
Christensen, Clayton
ci
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rule of
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Clark, Alexander
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Classical Internet application metaprotocol
clear
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pattern
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clone
CMS Pipelines
co
Code
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ad-hoc code generation
for ascii displays
generating HTML code for a tabular list
data-driven programming
ascii
defined
fetchmailconf, metaclass hacking in
statistical spam filtering
Codebase size
Coherent
COLUMNS
Comer, Douglas
Command-line interfaces (CLIs)
Command-line options
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essential
interaction with helper subprocesses
interface and implementation complexity, tradeoffs between
mapping
optional
output parsing
plain-text editing
problems, identifying
rich-text editing
Sam editor
software, right size of
sources of
syntax awareness
vi editor
Wily
Complexity level, choosing
Composition, rule of
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Comprehensive Perl Archive Network
Concision, of interface designs
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Concurrent Version System (CVS)
condredirect
Configuration
command-line options
control information in startup-time environment
environment variables
portability to other operating systems
system
user
when to use
methods choosing among
fetchmail
XFree86 Server
run-control files
.netrc file
portability to other operating systems
Conventions, used in book
Cookie-jar format
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Cooperative multitasking
Costello, Joseph
cp
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cpio
crontab
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csplit
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futimesat - change timestamps of a file relative to a directory file descriptor
#include <fcntl.h> /* Definition of AT_* constants */
#include <sys/time.h>
int futimesat(int dirfd, const char *pathname,
const struct timeval times[2]);
Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):
futimesat(): _GNU_SOURCE
This system call is obsolete. Use utimensat(2) instead.
The futimesat() system call operates in exactly the same
way as utimes(2), except for the differences described in this manual
page.
If the pathname given in pathname is relative, then it is
interpreted relative to the directory referred to by the file descriptor
dirfd (rather than relative to the current working directory of the
calling process, as is done by utimes(2) for a relative
pathname).
If pathname is relative and dirfd is the special
value AT_FDCWD, then pathname is interpreted relative to the
current working directory of the calling process (like
utimes(2)).
If pathname is absolute, then dirfd is ignored.
On success, futimesat() returns a 0. On error, -1 is returned and
errno is set to indicate the error.
The same errors that occur for utimes(2) can also occur for
futimesat(). The following additional errors can occur for
futimesat():
- EBADF
- dirfd is not a valid file descriptor.
- ENOTDIR
- pathname is relative and dirfd is a file descriptor
referring to a file other than a directory.
futimesat() was added to Linux in kernel 2.6.16; library support was
added to glibc in version 2.4.
This system call is nonstandard. It was implemented from a specification that
was proposed for POSIX.1, but that specification was replaced by the one for
utimensat(2).
A similar system call exists on Solaris.
If pathname is NULL, then the glibc futimesat() wrapper function
updates the times for the file referred to by dirfd.
stat(2), utimensat(2), utimes(2), futimes(3),
path_resolution(7)
This page is part of release 5.05 of the Linux man-pages project. A
description of the project, information about reporting bugs, and the latest
version of this page, can be found at https://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.


LineID_AT — Identifies molecular lines in spectra.¶
This module defines the LineID_AT class.
-
class
admit.at.LineID_AT.
LineID_AT
(**keyval)[source]¶ Task for detecting and identifying spectral lines from input spectra. All input spectra are assumed to be from the same data set.
See also LineID_AT for design documentation.
The produced LineList_BDP contains a list of all spectral lines, possible identifications, and channel ranges, found in the input spectra. Additionally a spectral plot with overlayed lines is produced for each input spectrum.
The line identification algorithm first looks for segments of spectral line emission. Spectral peaks are then searched for within these regions. Once spectral peaks are located, patterns are searched for (specifically patterns of rotation, expansion, and collapse). Each peak is then matched to ADMIT’s Tier 1 list, which contains the more common molecules and transitions. If no match is found then the CASA task slsearch or the splatalogue database is used to generate a potential line list based on the peak’s frequency and line width. This list is narrowed down to a single identification by comparing the transition energies, constituent atoms, and line strength.
If slsearch finds no results then the line is labeled as unidentified.
- Keywords
- vlsr: float
- VLSR of the source (km/s). Default: -999999.99.
- numsigma: float
- Minimum intensity, in terms of the rms noise of the individual sepctra, to consider a given channel to not be noise. In the case of CubeStats, where the units of the spectra are sigma, this refers to the rms noise of the sigma spectra (noise of the noise). Default: 5.0.
- minchan: int
- Minimum number of consecutive channels above numsigma to consider them part of a line. Default: 4.
- maxgap: int
- The maximum gap to allow between clusters of channels to consider them to be separate lines. Default: 3.
- identifylines: boolean
- If True then attempt to identify any detected spectral lines. If False, then just locate regions of line emission and stop. False is useful if the rest frequency/vlsr are not known. Default: True.
- allowexotics: bool
- If True then do not limit the molecules that can be detected. If False, do not allow transitions from molecules with “exotic” atoms to be included in lists. In this case an exotic atom is one that is uncommon, but possible to be detected in the right environment. The current list of “exotic” atoms is: “Al”, “Cl”, “Mg”, “Mn”, “F”, “Li”, “Na”, “K”, and “Ti”. Default: False.
- recomblevel: string
What level of recombination line searching is requested. Three levels are available
- off no recombination lines are allowed in the results.
- shallow only H and He, alpha and beta lines are allowed in the results.
- deep any recombination line is allowed in the results.
Default: “shallow”.
- segment: string
- The name of the segment finder algorithm to use; choices are: ASAP and ADMIT. (see ASAPSegmentFinder — Finds segments of emission within a spectrum. and ADMITSegmentFinder — Finds segments of emission within a spectrum. for details of each) Default: “ADMIT”.
- online: bool
- If True then use the online splatalogue interface for searching for transitions. If False the use the internal CASA slsearch. You must have an internet connection to use the splatalogue interface. Default: False.
- smooth: list
- Use this parameter to smooth the input spectrum. Format is a list containing the name of the smoothing algorithm followed by the parameters for the algorithm, given in the order they are defined in the documentation. The algorithms are: boxcar, gaussian, hanning, savgol, triangle, and welch. All but savgol take a single integer parameter for the width. See Filter1D — 1-dimensional spectral filtering. for details on the individual algorithms and their keywords. To do no smoothing, set the value to []. Example: [“boxcar”, 7] will do a boxcar smooth with a width of 7. Default: [].
- recalcnoise: bool
- A boolean to indicate whether the noise should be recalculated after smoothing. True indicates that the noise should be recalculated, False indicates that the noise of the unsmoothed spectrum should be used. Default: False.
- method: dictionary
- A dictionary containing the peak finding algorithm(s) to use as the keys (string) and dictionary containing the keyword/value arguments for the algorithm as the value. Available methods are: PeakUtils, FindPeaksCWT, and PeakFinder (see PeakUtils — A peak finding algorithm., FindPeaksCWT — Peak finding with continuous wavelet transforms., and PeakFinder — Peak finding with derivatives. for the specifics of each). If more than one algorithm is given then each will be used in turn. Default: {“PeakFinder” : {“thres” : 0.0, “min_sep” : self.minchan, “min_width” : self.minchan}.
- pattern: str
String indicating if pattern detection is done. Patterns are defined as sets of peaks which have the same separation which is caused by cloud rotation, expansion, etc. A detailed explanation is given in the design documentation. Pattern detection works well so long as there are not too many lines in the spectra. The code can determine whether this criteria has been met. Available modes are:
- ‘ON’ Force pattern find to be on no matter what
- ‘AUTO’ Run pattern detection as long as there are not too many lines
- ‘OFF’ No pattern detection
Default: “AUTO”.
- mode: string
If more than one peak finding algorithms is given in method, how should the results be interpreted. Available modes are:
- ONE Consider a peak to be valid if it was found by any of the
given methods
- TWO Consider a peak to be valid if it was found by at least two
of the methods. (if only 1 method is specified then this choice is ignored)
- ALL Consider a peak to be valid if it was detected by all given
methods.(if only 1 method is specified then this choice is ignored)
Default: “ONE”.
- tier1width: float
- The width over which to search for Tier 1 lines in km/s. Any lines detected within this distance of a Tier 1 line will be identified as that line. Defaults to 300.0 for sources with a VLSR of 150 km/s and above, and 40.0 for sources with a VLSR below 150 km/s.
- csub: list
- The polynomial order to use for fitting the continuum of CubeStats and CubeSpec based spectra. All CubeStats based spectra must be continuum subtracted in order to obtain proper fits (peak, fwhm), but continuum subtraction for CubeSpectrum based spectra is optional. The first argument in the list is the order of polynomial to use for the CubeStats based spectrum and the second is the order of fit to use for CubeSpec based spectra. Default: [1, None] (1st order for CubeStat and no fitting for Cubespec based spectra).
- references: str
- The filename of a references list for optional overplotting in the LineID plots. This is an ASCII file containing two columns: one column of frequencies (a float), and one column of a reference (line, a string). You can specify file references relative to $ADMIT, e.g., references=”etc/ngc253_lines.list” this is preferred to keep scripts portable, but an absolute filename is perfectly legal. Default: “”.
- iterate: bool
- If True then iterate for both the segment finder and the peak finder to make them both sensitive to wide and strong narrow lines. Default: True.
- force: list of tuples or LineData objects
Force a given channel interval to be a specific line identification. If force is given, LineID_AT will not try to find any lines in the specified channel range, but rather take your input as correct. Format: [(frequency, UID, formula, name, transition, velocity, startchan, endchan)] Examples: [(115.2712, ‘CO’, ‘CO(1-0)’, ‘carbon monoxide’, ‘J=1-0’, 123.456, 23, 87)]
- [(342.998, ‘Fred’, ‘Flintsone’, ‘unknown’, ‘unknown’, 0, 64, 128),
- (238.012, ‘My Favorite Molecule’, ‘N/A’, ‘N/A’, ‘N/A’, 0, 4, 39)]
- [LineData(frequency=115.271, name=’Carbon Monoxide’, formula=’CO’,
- uid=’CO_115.271’, transition=‘1-0’, velocity=225.3, chans=[25, 119])]
Note uid is what is the label used in the plots that LineID_AT creates. LineData objects can be used instead of a tuple, as the contents of the tuple is converted to a LineData object internally anyway. Default: [].
- reject: list of tuples
Reject a specific line identification. Format: [(name, frequency)], e.g., [(“carbon monoxide”, 115.2712), (“carbon monosulfide”, 97.981)]. Name is case insensitive. Frequency should be given to enough precision that it uniquely identifies a line (a comparison is made at the 1 part in 10^6 for matching). If frequency is None, all lines from the given molecule will be rejected, i.e. [(“carbon monoxide”, None)] rejects all CO transitions, including isotopomers: 12CO, 13CO, C18O etc.
Default: [].
- Input BDPs
At least one of the following BDPs must be specified.
- CubeSpectrum_BDP: count: 1 (optional)
- Input spectrum, may contain several spectra. Typically the output of a CubeSpectrum_AT or GenerateSpectrum_AT.
- CubeStats_BDP: count: 1 (optional)
- Alternative input spectrum, as from a CubeStats_AT.
- PVCorr_BDP: count: 1 (optional)
- Spectrum based on the output of PVCorr_AT.
Output BDPs
- LineList_BDP: count: 1
- List of spectral lines.
Methods
addinput
(item[, slot])Add a BDP input to an AT. addinputbdp
(item[, slot, insert])Add a BDP to the _bdp_in list. addoutput
(item[, slot])Add a BDP output product to an AT. addoutputbdp
(item[, slot, insert])Add a BDP to the _bdp_out list. baseDir
([path])Get/set project base directory. bestMatch
(at1, at2)Determines the better match of two tasks to the current one. checkcount
(counts)Method to determine if there are too many peaks for the pattern finder to be of use. checkfiles
()Check if the files from all the BDP_out’s in an AT exist. checkfit
(peaks, peak, params, freq, segment)Method to determine if the given Gaussian fit paramters exceed 1.5 times the intensity of the peak channel, and are contained within the encompassing segment. checkforcechans
(peaks, chs)Method to check that no non-force segments overlap with force segments checkforcefreqs
(frq)Method to check that detected segments do not overlap with any force segments in checkforcesegs
(segs)Method to check that detected segments do not overlap with any force segments in checkreject
(lines)Method to check possible lines against the list of rejected lines. checktier1chans
(peaks, chs)Method to check that no non-tier1 segments overlap with tier1 segments in the same spectrum. checktype
(item)Check the type of an object to see if it is a BDP. clearinput
()Clear the input BDP list. clearoutput
([delete])Clear the output BDP list. copy
()Creates an independent duplicate of the task. counthfclines
(chfc, shfc, peak, wiggle, ...)Method to count the number of hyperfine lines that match a given offset. delete
()Method to delete the AT and underlying BDPs. delinput
(slot)Delete a specific BDP in the _bdp_in list. deloutput
(slot)Delete a specific BDP in the _bdp_out list. dir
([filename])Absolute directory reference of the ADMIT project. dryrun
()Method to do a dry run of the AT, generally just checks input values for errors. enabled
([state])Returns current task enabled setting, with optional reset. execute
([args])Executes the task. findpatterns
(spec, points, segments)Method to search for patterns in the peaks. freeAlias
(aliases[, alias])Deletes alias reservation, if present. generatepossibles
(frq)Method to generate a list of possible molecular identifications given a frequency range. get
(attrib)Method to get the given attributes value getProject
()Retrieves project ID associated with the task. getVersion
()Return the version string. getchannels
(peaks, noise[, sid, cid, asfreq])Method to determine the channel ranges for thr given spectral line. getdtd
(fl)Method to write out the dtd data. geteffectivelevel
()Method to get the effective logging level of the logging subsystem getkey
(key)Retrieval value for a key. getloggername
()Method to get the name of the logger for this AT instance getlogginglevel
()Method to get the current logging level of the AT getpeaks
(method, args, spec, segments[, iterate])Method to get the peaks from the input spectrum. gettier1
()Method to get the Tier 1 transitions that may be in the window. gettier1line
(chans)Method to return a line from the detected tier1 list. haskey
(key)Query if a key exists for an AT. html
(inheader)Method to represent the current AT in HTML format. id
([strip])Returns task ID number. identify
(peaks, noise, tier1, hfs[, ...])Method to identify lines, given their peak locations. integritycheck
()Method to make sure all data have the same frequency axis. isAutoAlias
([withEmpty, compat])Whether the task alias appears to be auto-generated. isequal
(at)Method to determine if two ATs are the same. isstale
()Returns whether the AT is out of date. len2
()Returns the length of _bdp_in and _bdp_out in a tuple. link
()Increments the task link count. markChanged
()Mark an AT that it’s state was changed, so it would need to be rerun. markUpToDate
()Resets _stale to indicate that the AT does not need to be run. merge
(at[, aliases])Merges attributes from another task. mkdir
(dirname)Make a directory in the ADMIT hierarchy. mkext
(filename, ext[, alias])Return a new filename with a new extension with optional ADMIT alias. narrowpossibles
(possible)Method to take the possible identifications of a spectral line and narrow it down to one possibility. newId
(tid)Assigns the task a new ID number. removepeaks
(pks, segments)Method to remove peak points from a list if they are not inside of reset
(a)Performs an in-place shallow copy. run
()The run method, locates lines, attempts to identify them, and running
([state])Returns current task execution flag, with optional reset. save
()Save (write) any BDPs connected to this AT. set
(item, val)Method to set protected attributes, rather than direct access setAlias
(aliases[, alias, auto])Sets and registers the task alias, guaranteed unique among registered aliases. setProject
(pid)Adds a project ID to task ID. set_bdp_in
([bdpin])Validate the _valid_bdp_in list and digest it into the appropriate attributes. set_bdp_out
([bout])Validate the _valid_bdp_out list and digest it into the appropriate attributes. seteffectivelevel
(level)Method to set the effective logging level of the logging subsystem setkey
([name, value, isinit])Set keyword value. setloggername
(name)Method to set the name of the logger for this AT instance setlogginglevel
(level)Method to set the logging level show
()Return the AT type. statusicons
()return some html icons representing the enabled/stale status of this task summary
()Returns the summary dictionary from the AT, for merging into the ADMIT Summary object. taghfclines
(chfc, shfc, peak, wiggle, ...)Method to identify hyperfine components in a given spectrum. unlink
()Decrements the task link count. userdata
()Returns the user dictionary from the AT, for merging into the ADMIT userdata object. validateinput
([describe])Method to validate the _bdp_in’s against a dictionary of expected types. validatekeys
()Method to error check all input keys. write
(node)Method to write the AT to disk. -
checkcount
(counts)[source]¶ Method to determine if there are too many peaks for the pattern finder to be of use. If there are too many points then false patterns can be found. The threshold has been experimentally determined to be a second order poynolmial based on the number of of channels. See the design documentation for specifics and details.
Parameters: counts : dict
Dictionary containing the peaks for each input spectrum.
Returns: Bool, True if there are too many peaks for the pattern finder to be of use, False
otherwise.
-
checkfit
(peaks, peak, params, freq, segment)[source]¶ Method to determine if the given Gaussian fit paramters exceed 1.5 times the intensity of the peak channel, and are contained within the encompassing segment. Adjustments are are made if necessary.
Parameters: peaks : Peaks instance
The Peaks instance used to supply the spectrum and segments
peak : float
The peak intensity within the segment
params : array like
The list of Gaussian parameters from a fit (peak, center (offset from freq), FWHM)
freq : float
The central frequency of the fit.
segment : list
Segment containing the peak
Returns: Tuple containing the corrected fit parameters
-
checkforcechans
(peaks, chs)[source]¶ Method to check that no non-force segments overlap with force segments
Parameters: peaks : Peaks instance
Instance of the Peaks class containing all of the line peaks
chs : list
List containing a pair of entries for the beginning and ending channel numbers for the segment.
Returns: List, containing a pair of entries, the start and end channels for the
segment, modified so that it does not overlap any tier1 segments.
-
checkforcefreqs
(frq)[source]¶ Method to check that detected segments do not overlap with any force segments in frequency space
Parameters: segs : list
List of the segments (in channel space) to check
Returns: List of segments that do not overlap with force segments
-
checkforcesegs
(segs)[source]¶ Method to check that detected segments do not overlap with any force segments in channel space
Parameters: segs : list
List of the segments (in channel space) to check
Returns: List of Segments objects that do not overlap with force segments
-
checkreject
(lines)[source]¶ Method to check possible lines against the list of rejected lines. Returns an edited version of the input data, removing those that match the reject list.
Parameters: lines : list or dict
The line identifications to check for rejects.
Returns: Data in the same form as input, with rejected lines removed
-
checktier1chans
(peaks, chs)[source]¶ Method to check that no non-tier1 segments overlap with tier1 segments in the same spectrum.
Parameters: peaks : Peaks instance
Instance of the Peaks class containing all of the line peaks
chs : list
List containing a pair of entries for the beginning and ending channel numbers for the segment.
Returns: List, containing a pair of entries, the start and end channels for the
segment, modified so that it does not overlap any tier1 segments.
-
counthfclines
(chfc, shfc, peak, wiggle, offset, hflines)[source]¶ Method to count the number of hyperfine lines that match a given offset. The offsets are determined by the wings of a cluster. This returns the number of hyperfine components that match emission features.
Parameters: chfc : dict
Dictionary containing the channel ranges and other line attributes of clusters
shfc : dict
Dictionary containing the channel ranges and other line attributes of single lines
peak : Peaks instance
Peaks instance used to calculate channel ranges
wiggle : float
The amount of wiggle room to allow for a match in channel space
offset : float
The offset to use for the calculations
hflines : list
List of all possible hyperfine components
Returns: Int, the number of matches
-
findpatterns
(spec, points, segments)[source]¶ Method to search for patterns in the peaks. Specifically it is looking for pairs of peaks that are the same distance apart (within the tolerance). These can be an indicator of rotation/infall/etc. Only two patterns are allowed to overlap. See the design documentation for specifics
Parameters: spec : array like
The spectrum that is currently being worked on.
points : numpy array
Listing of peak points
segments : list
List of the segments for the current spectrum
Returns: A Peaks class containing the spectra, segments, peaks and patterns
-
generatepossibles
(frq)[source]¶ Method to generate a list of possible molecular identifications given a frequency range. The methold calls slsearch and converts the output into a list.
Parameters: frq : list, length 2
The frequency range to search, it is just passed to slsearch, and no error checking is done.
Returns: A list containing the possible identifications. Each item in the
list is a list itself containing the chemical formula, chemical
name, rest frequency, transition quantum numbers, line strength,
lower state energy, and upper state energy, in this order.
-
getchannels
(peaks, noise, sid=-1, cid=-1, asfreq=False)[source]¶ Method to determine the channel ranges for thr given spectral line. First uses the segment to get the maximum extent of the line, then compares the channel range to all other peaks and makes adjustments so that the channel range does not incorporate mote than one peak.
Parameters: peaks : Peaks instance
The peaks instance which lists all peaks in the spectrum
noise : float
The noise level of the spectrum
sid : int
Center channel of the spectrum to find the channel ranges for. Default: -1
cid : int
Center channel of the cluster to find the channel ranges for. Default: -1
asfreq : bool
Whether to return the end poitns in frequency units (True) or channel numbers (False). Defult : False (channel numbers)
Returns: List containing both the start and end channels for the given peak
Notes
Both sid and cid are mutually exclusive.
-
getpeaks
(method, args, spec, segments, iterate=False)[source]¶ Method to get the peaks from the input spectrum. It calls the requested peak finder and can iterate over the inputs to find both wider weaker lines as well as stronger narrower ones. The iteration is done by conserving the product of numsigma * minchan. The first run keeps both values as they were input, subsequent runs decrease the minchan by 1 and increase numsigma so that the product is conserved. This is repeated as long as minchan > 1. The results of the iterations are merged together and a single list of peaks is returned.
Parameters: method : str
The peak finding method to use
args : dict
The arguments to send to the peak finder
spec : array like
The input spectrum which is searched for peaks
segments : list
A list of the previously detected segments
iterate : bool
If True then iterate over the minchan ans threshold to detect narrow strong lines. Default : False
Returns: List of the peak points in channel space
-
gettier1
()[source]¶ Method to get the Tier 1 transitions that may be in the window. These transitions are stored in a small sqlite3 database inside of Admit. The molecules in the database are:
CO all transitions
13CO all transitions
C18O all transitions
C17O all transitions
HCO+ all transitions
H13CO+ all transitions
DCO+ all transitions
HDO all transitions
CCH all transitions
CN excluding weakest lines
13CN excluding weakest lines
HCN all transitions
DCN all transitions
H13CN all transitions
HN13C all transitions
HNC all transitions
N2H+ all transitions
H2CO excluding weakest lines
CS all transitions
SiO all transitions
SO all transitions
HC3N excluding weakest lines
Parameters: None
Returns: tuple of dictionaries
The first contains a list of single transitions and the strongest component of any lines with hyperfine splitting, the second contains a listing of all possible hyperfine components, lined with the main components in the first list.
-
gettier1line
(chans)[source]¶ Method to return a line from the detected tier1 list. The line is found by looking for an entry which is between the end points of the input segment.
Parameters: chans : list
Two element list of the start and end channels to search over
Returns: A listing of any tier1 line which overlaps with the segment.
-
identify
(peaks, noise, tier1, hfs, isstats=False, ispvcorr=False)[source]¶ Method to identify lines, given their peak locations. This is a complex method that works as follows:
- search for any Tier 1 lines in the spectrum
- start with any detected patterns
- then search for individual lines
- any peak detected within ‘tier1width’ of the expected rest frequency of the Tier 1 line will be marked as being from that transition (defaults to 300 km/s for a source vlsr > 150 and 40 km/s for a source vlsr <= 150 km/s)
- if an identified line has hyperfine components, search for them before proceeding to the next transition in the Tier 1 list
- search for any remaining transitions in the spectrum
- start with any detected patterns
- then search any remaining single peaks
- when working with detected (really suspected) patterns both the emission/absorption peaks and the central frequency are searched for, since the pattern may not be due to rotation, but may be due to emission from multiple related transitions (internal molecular rotation)
- any detected lines in a given spectrum will be compared to detected peaks of any other spectra. Specifically this helps to identify transitions due to source rotation where the CubeStats spectrum see all of the emission (both red and blue shifted peaks), but a CubeSpectrum may ony see the red peak, this red only peak will be correctly identified because it matches part of the pattern from the CubeStats input.
Parameters: peaks : Peaks instance
A class containing both the sinlge peaks and those which may be grouped by a common offset
noise : float
The rms noise of the root spectrum
tier1 : dict
Dictionary containing any Tier 1 lines located in the band, rest frequency is the key, transition data are the values
hfs : dict
Dictionary of hyperfine components that correspond to any lines in tier1.
isstats : bool
Whether or not a CubeStats based spectrum is being processed. Default : False
ispvcorr : bool
Whether or not a PVCorr based spectrum is being processed. Specifically this disables the use of velocity offsets. Default: False
Returns: List of the line identifications
- search for any Tier 1 lines in the spectrum
-
integritycheck
()[source]¶ Method to make sure all data have the same frequency axis. This is necessary since this AT works in both channel and frequency space, thus it must be ensured that the frequency of channel 1 is the same for all input spectra. This method will throw an exception if a mismatch is found, as further analysis might be compromised. The comparison of the frequencies is done at the 1 part in 10^6 level in case they are recorded at differing precisions.
Parameters: None Returns: None
-
narrowpossibles
(possible)[source]¶ Method to take the possible identifications of a spectral line and narrow it down to one possibility. This is done by comparing the upper state energies of the transitions, masses, and isotope counts. NEED DETAILS
Parameters: possibles : list
A list containing all of the possible identifications for the line
Returns: The listing of the most likely identification
-
removepeaks
(pks, segments)[source]¶ Method to remove peak points from a list if they are not inside of a segment and merge those that are close to each other
Parameters: pks : list
List of peak points, any units
segments : list
List of segment end points (two for each segment), must have same units as pks
Returns: List of peak points that are inside of the segments
-
run
()[source]¶ The run method, locates lines, attempts to identify them, and creates the BDP
Parameters: None Returns: None
-
summary
()[source]¶ Returns the summary dictionary from the AT, for merging into the ADMIT Summary object.
LineID_AT adds the following to ADMIT summary:
Key type Description linelist table table of parameters of discovered lines spectra list the spectral plot of signal, noise, and S/N Parameters: None
Returns: dict
Dictionary of SummaryEntry
-
taghfclines
(chfc, shfc, peak, wiggle, offset, hflines)[source]¶ Method to identify hyperfine components in a given spectrum. If components are blended then the strongest line (based on transition line strength) is added to the transitions and all others are added to the blended lines. All are connected by the blend number.
Parameters: chfc : dict
Dictionary containing the channel ranges and other line attributes of clusters
shfc : dict
Dictionary containing the channel ranges and other line attributes of single lines
peak : Peaks instance
Peaks instance used to calculate channel ranges
wiggle : float
The amount of wiggle room to allow for a match in channel space
offset : float
The offset to use for the calculations
hflines : list
List of all possible hyperfine components
Returns: Tuple containing the identification(s) and blend(s)
-
class
admit.at.LineID_AT.
Peaks
(**kwargs)[source]¶ Lightweight class for working with the peaks found by one or more peak finding algorithms.
Parameters: kwargs : dict
A dictionary of keyword/value pairs of the parameters. Can contain any attribute. See Attributes below for a full listing of possible keywords and value types.
Attributes
centers (dict) fcenters (dict) singles (list) fsingles (list) pairs (dict) x (list) Listing of the x axis (frequency) for the given peaks y (list) Listing of the y axis (intensity) for the given peaks offsets (set) Listing of all possible offset values, shared among all instances of Peaks. offsetdone (boolean) Whether or not the offsets have been converted to frequency. Internal use only should not be set manually. Methods
centerfreq
()Method to get the center frequency of the spectrum converttofreq
()Method to convert the peak and pattern locations from channel to flatten
(tol)Method to collapse pair peaks that are close together into single getchan
(frq)Method to get the channel number given the frequency getchans
([masked])Method to get the entire channel axis getfreq
(chan)Method to get the frequency of the given channel, the channel can contain a fraction of a channel (e.g. getfreqs
([masked])Method to get the entire frequency axis getfsegment
(freq)Method to return the segment which contains the given frequency. getsegment
(chan)Method to get the segment that contains the given channel getspecs
([masked])Method to get the entire spectral axis limitwidth
(center, width)Method to ensure that the given peak and line width fit within its segment pairsort
(pairs)Method to sort a list of pairs into ascending order patternsort
(pattern)Method to sort a detected patterns into sorted lists removeidentified
(data, tol)Method to remove already identified peaks. reset
()Method to reset the Peaks static member variables so that LineID can be re-run without polluting the results with items from previous runs. sort
()Method to sort through all pairs and organize them into dictionary validatelinesegments
()Method to ensure that all line channel ranges do not go past the bounds of the original segments. -
blends
¶
-
centerfreq
()[source]¶ Method to get the center frequency of the spectrum
Parameters: None Returns: Float containing the center frequency of the spectrum
-
centers
¶
-
converttofreq
()[source]¶ Method to convert the peak and pattern locations from channel to frequency indexing
Parameters: None Returns: None
-
counts
¶
-
fcenters
¶
-
flatten
(tol)[source]¶ Method to collapse pair peaks that are close together into single pair
Parameters: tol : float
The tolerance (minimum distance between points)
Returns: List containing the consolidated points
-
fsegments
¶
-
fsingles
¶
-
getchan
(frq)[source]¶ Method to get the channel number given the frequency
Parameters: frq : float
The frequency whose channel number is to be found
Returns: int containing the channel number, will be 0 or len(self.x)-1 if
the frequency is outside of the frequency range in the class
-
getchans
(masked=True)[source]¶ Method to get the entire channel axis
Parameters: masked : bool
If True return a masked array with “bad” channels masked, else return a numpy array
Returns: array like containing the channel axis
-
getfreq
(chan)[source]¶ Method to get the frequency of the given channel, the channel can contain a fraction of a channel (e.g. 1.45)
Parameters: chan : float
The channel to convert
Returns: Float of the frequency corresponding to the channel
-
getfreqs
(masked=True)[source]¶ Method to get the entire frequency axis
Parameters: masked : bool
If True return a masked array with “bad” channels masked, else return a numpy array
Returns: array like containing the frequency axis
-
getfsegment
(freq)[source]¶ Method to return the segment which contains the given frequency.
Parameters: freq : float
The frequency for which the segment is requested
Returns: List containing the segment end points, or [None, None] if the frequency is not in a
segment.
-
getsegment
(chan)[source]¶ Method to get the segment that contains the given channel
Parameters: chan : int
The channel number to find the segment for
Returns: Two element List containing the starting and ending channels
for the segment containing the given channel
-
getspecs
(masked=True)[source]¶ Method to get the entire spectral axis
Parameters: masked : bool
If True return a masked array with “bad” channels masked, else return a numpy array
Returns: array like containing the spectral axis
-
limitwidth
(center, width)[source]¶ Method to ensure that the given peak and line width fit within its segment
Parameters: center : float
The center frequency in GHz
width : float
The half width of the line in GHz
Returns: Two element List containing the start and end frequencies, limited by the
segment boundaries
-
linelist
¶
-
offsetdone
= False¶
-
offsets
= set([])¶
-
pairs
¶
-
pairsort
(pairs)[source]¶ Method to sort a list of pairs into ascending order
Parameters: pairs : list
List of pairs (as lists) to be sorted
Returns: A list of the sorted pairs
-
patternsort
(pattern)[source]¶ Method to sort a detected patterns into sorted lists
Parameters: pattern : dict
Dictionary of the patterns to sort
Returns: Dictionary of sorted patterns
-
removeidentified
(data, tol)[source]¶ Method to remove already identified peaks.
Parameters: data : Peaks instance
A Peaks instance to use as the base for removal
tol : float
The tolerance to allow (in GHz) for comparable lines
Returns: None
-
static
reset
()[source]¶ Method to reset the Peaks static member variables so that LineID can be re-run without polluting the results with items from previous runs.
Parameters: None Returns: None
-
segments
¶
-
singles
¶
-
sort
()[source]¶ Method to sort through all pairs and organize them into dictionary entries indexed by their common separation
Parameters: None Returns: None
-
spec
¶
-


*goto_random_scene acts as an extension to the *goto_scene command. The primary difference being that *goto_random_scene will send the player to a (you guessed it) random scene.
You can use the command 'as is' to send the player to any random scene in your scenes folder or you can provide parameter scenes (as in the example below). Regardless of which method you choose keep in mind that Choicescript will keep track of scenes it has randomly selected and will not pick them again during that playthrough (although it will still allow access through use of *finish or *goto_scene).
You step through the teleporter, heading for an unknown land... *goto_random_scene green_grasslands spooky_forest barren_wastesLooking for a little more detail? Try the wiki page


No person
Will ever have the power
To break
Or separate
The two souls
That were created
Harmonized
Joined
Combinated
Amalgated
United
By the hands of Gods
Against all odds
Risks
Evils
Circumstances,
Planned
Through a lifetime
For a lifetime.
And if these soul break out,
It wasn't the choice of a person
The bond will always be there
It is only through the death of a person
Through evil, or the devil,
Killing their own heart
Would anyone ever be able
To
Ignore the beauty
The holyness
The divinity
The mission
In themselves,
In each other,
In their love.
Playing out
We are immortal pieces of gold
That nothing can divide
As true Love
The fountain of Life
The greatest masterpiece
God has ever created,
And I could try further
But Paul himself described it better:
I have not stopped giving thanks for you, remembering you in my prayers. I keep asking that the God of our Lord Jesus Christ, the glorious Father, may give you the Spirit of wisdom and revelation, so that you may know him better. I pray that the eyes of your heart may be enlightened in order that you may know the hope to which he has called you, the riches of his glorious inheritance in his holy people.


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Every summer since 1969, the Dr. Bessie F. Lawrence International Summer Science Institute (ISSI) , brings together approximately 80 highly talented pre-university students (high-school graduates) from all over the world to experience the challenges and rewards of scientific research and to learn more about the Weizmann Institute of Science and life in Israel.
During the month-long program, the students spend the first three weeks conducting research in the campus labs. The work combines the exploration of problems in the fields of biology, chemistry, physics, and mathematical and computer science, and instruction in the use of sophisticated lab equipment such as electron microscopes, advanced computers, a high-energy particle accelerator, and lasers.
But it’s not all work – there are lectures by senior Weizmann Institute scientists, departmental talks, and visits to some of the state-of-the-art facilities on campus. And after three weeks on campus, the group moves to an altogether different scientific focus: a field school in the Judean Desert and the Negev. Expert guides from the Sde-Boker field school lead hikes that acquaint the students with the unique ecological, geographical, geological, zoological, and archaeological characteristics of the area – some of which are one-of-a-kind in the world.
Our group of four worked with Prof. Vyacheslav Kalchenko on a project improving an inexpensive and promising medical imaging method called laser speckle imaging with machine learning techniques. Our work culminated in a report titled "MAKING THE INVISIBLE VISIBLE: Optimizing Laser Speckle Imaging by using machine learning and targeted recoloring."
I was invited to give an oral presentation at a research conference.
I was interviewed by several newspapers, and here are some of the stories about my ISSI experience:
Shared by the American Committee for the Weizmann Institute of Science on their Facebook page
Shared by the American Committee for the Weizmann Institute of Science
My report posted by the Science and Engineering Fair of Metro Detroit (SEFMD)
I was awarded this all-expense-paid-for trip of a lifetime by SEFMD, which selected one high school senior from the grand award winners of the annual Detroit Science and Engineering Fair. Read about my high school science project that earned me this opportunity.
This project was later published, read about it here.
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My Story
Anyone can learn how to code!
I haven't been a developer all my life you know? I worked in a Environmental Laboratory for 12 years. I was
doing chemical analisis and I loved it but... I wasn't learning anything new anymore and every day seemed
the same.
So I decided to "take the red pill" and learn to code. My journey started at freeCodeCamp. It's a non profit organization
that teaches people from all over the world how to code for free. In a week or two I was hooked.
Along the way I started to meet the most awesome and dedicated people, that kept me motivated. I was amazingly
welcomed to the Algarve tech community by other developers.
Now I'm learning new and awesome stuff every day. I’m having lots of fun building cool things in the edge
of technology. Just imagine, they pay people to do this!
It's amazing what you can do with a bit of code. It's just like magic... If you can Imagine it, you can build it.  They say “the ones fool enough to think they can change the world, are usually the one that do”.


[SJN-75] Using simple-jndi for testing with Maven 2 | |
| Status: | Closed |
| Project: | Simple-JNDI |
| Component/s: | |
| Affects Version/s: | 0.11.1 |
| Fix Version/s: | 0.11.3 |
| Type: | Improvement | Priority: | Major |
| Reporter: | Paul Spencer | Assignee: | Henri Yandell |
| Resolution: | Fixed | ||
| Environment: | Maven 2.0.4<br/> |
| Description |
| I am using Simple-JNDI to define a datasource used during unit testing. The project used Maven 2 as the build tool. 1) Add simple-jndi dependency to pom.xml: <dependency> <groupId>simple-jndi</groupId> <artifactId>simple-jndi</artifactId> <version>0.11.1</version> <scope>test</scope> <exclusions> <!-- See Simple-JNDI Issue <exclusion> <groupId>javax.sql</groupId> <artifactId>jdbc-stdext</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> 2) Add you jdbc driver to the dependency with <scope>test</scope> to pom.xml: 3) Tell the JVM to use simple-jndi by creating jndi.properties in the test resource directory. By default the directory is src/test/resources. jndi.properties contains the following lines. The properties org.osjava.sj.colon.replace and org.osjava.sj.delimiter are used because the application being tested will run on a tomcat server. java.naming.factory.initial=org.osjava.sj.SimpleContextFactory org.osjava.sj.root=src/test/resources/simple-jndi org.osjava.sj.colon.replace=-- org.osjava.sj.delimiter=/ 4) Create the files to define the JNDI datasource myDataSource. Please note the directory below is in the directory defined by os.java.js.root. /java--comp /env default.properties default.properties contains the following: myDataSource/type=javax.sql.DataSource myDataSource/driver=<jdbc driver class> myDataSource/url=<jdbc url> myDataSource/user=foo myDataSource/password=bar Please incorporate this into the documentation. |
| Comment by bayard [ Sun, 6 Apr 2008 01:33:04 -0700 (PDT) ] |
| svn ci -m "Adding the Maven2 page from Paul Spencer - Sending manual/Configuring.xml Adding manual/ConfiguringWithMaven2.xml Sending manual/GeneralDesign.xml Sending manual/index.xml Transmitting file data .... Committed revision 2671. |


SkillUp! is a project created by the PhD student organisation of the de Duve Institute located at the UCLouvain campus in Brussels. It serves as a student communication hub with the following objectives:
- Reveal and emphasize the available softskills and hardskills trainings organised by UCLouvain and outside organisations
- Encourage students to attend trainings for a great science
- Give additional tips and tricks to go further
Motivation
Science is of course and essentially an “all hands on deck” approach, or should we better say an “all hands on pipette/computer” approach? Running all day around the lab trying to execute you experiments or your analysis as efficiently as possible in order to test your hypothesis and get one step closer to your scientific nirvana.
But did you know? It is also a great deal of COMMUNICATION. Even if you don’t notice it is all around us:
- Of course, we have the classics: lab meetings, one-to-one meetings with PI, poster or oral talk
- The less obvious: talk to yourself about organising your experiments (manage your diary, lab book), set your ideas clearly in your mind and translate them into sketches and efficient sentences to communicate them
- The least obvious: reproducibility! Write down and explain clearly all the steps you carried out to complete a task so that the next researcher can repeat it and obtain the same results.
So yes, communication is in the air.
All of the above activities are we call softskills. They are the way we essentially work with ourselves and the people around us. and these are necessary to be developed in order to achieve great science.
Do you need extra motivation? students that enrolled in the doctoral program as of 2017 need at least 5 ECTS of transferable skills included in their general section of ‘Trainings’ to be completed in order to get the 60 ECTS to graduate:
(https://uclouvain.be/fr/secteurs/sss/repartition-des-60-credits-de-formation-doctorale.html).
Reach out!
Do you have any questions? Suggestions? Or do you just want to share your enthusiasm about Skill Up? Don’t hesitate to contact us!
Training organisations
- CIO (center of information and orientation)
- SMCS
- Human resources administration
- Louvain learning lab
- Libraries of UCLouvain
Recent posts about trainings
SMCS - Data visualisation and advanced tools in R
Jun 24, 2021
The R language is a computing environment and a very flexible and rich
progamming language used for statistical data analysis. It’s a free
and open source s...
How to pitch
Feb 22, 2021
This post is a brief summary of the workshop held during the virtual
FORUM PRO 2021. The workshop was given by Camille Wuidar (UpSkill) and
Guillaume Thieff...


- DatabaseController - Class in hotelsystem.controller
-
Description of DatabaseManager
A manager to manage database for writing and reading the database.
- DatabaseController() - Constructor for class hotelsystem.controller.DatabaseController
-
Check and creates the database linkage
Prints error message if access to database is denied.
- displayAllRoomType() - Method in class hotelsystem.controller.RoomTypeController
-
Display all Room Types available from Room Type List
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.CheckInUI
-
Printing of Checking In UI
calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.CheckOutUI
-
Printing of Checking Out UI
Retrieve room details based on guest name and calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.FoodUI
-
Printing of Food Menu UI
calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.GuestUI
-
Printing of Guest UI
calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.PrintRoomUI
-
Printing of checking Room Status UI
calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.PromoUI
-
Printing of Promo UI
calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.ReservationUI
-
Printing of Reservation UI
calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.RoomAvailabilityUI
-
Printing of Reservation UI
calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.RoomServiceUI
-
Printing of Room Service UI
calls corresponding functions based on input
- displayOptions() - Method in class hotelsystem.ui.RoomUI
-
Printing of Room UI
calls corresponding functions based on input


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Nothing starts the morning off right better than a required reboot. 8/4/2009, 9:08:45 AM Favs: 0 Retweets: 0 link


{% extends '../base.html' %} {% block firstbyte %} {% endblock %} {% block css %} {% endblock %} {% block js_head %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Fresh Test (Bust Cache) Cached Reload
Calculated from first byte (responseStart).
Breakdown by asset type.
| Request Type | # of Requests | Total Size (compressed) |
|---|---|---|
| HTML | 6 (5 iframes) | 41.8 KB |
| CSS | 6 | 40.9 KB |
| JAVASCRIPT | 18 | 212 KB |
| IMAGES | 55 | 979 KB |
| FLASH | 1 (if supported) | 25.5 KB (if supported) |
| FONTS | 2 | 31.3 KB (WOFF) |
| Totals | ~88 | ~1.33 MB |
To generate requests and puff up HTML size.


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WITNESS LIST Insurance Committee March 9, 1999-10:30A HB 94 Against: Bojorquez, Alan (Texas Municipal League) Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Evans, Richard (Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Hutzler, Shirley (Self and Texas Association of Health Underwriters) Jones, III, William (Self and Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Ciommerce) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Henderson, James (Self) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance) HB 96 For: McGiffert, Lisa (Consumers Union) Against: Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Evans, Richard (Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Hutzler, Shirley (Self and Texas Association of Health Underwriters) Jones, III, William (Self and Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Ciommerce) Pinkus, David (Small Business United of Texas) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Henderson, James (Self) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance) HB 141 For: Minette, Rose (Self) Against: Bojorquez, Alan (Texas Municipal League) Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Evans, Richard (Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Hutzler, Shirley (Self and Texas Association of Health Underwriters) Jones, III, William (Self and Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Ciommerce) Kloster, Jeff (Texas Association of Health Plans) Pinkus, David (Small Business United of Texas) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Thompson, Jay (Self and TALHI) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Henderson, James (Self) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance) HB 859 For: McGiffert, Lisa (Consumers Union) Woolbert, Lynda (Self and Texas Nurse Practitioners and Consortium of Texas Certified Nurse Midwives) Against: Bojorquez, Alan (Texas Municipal League) Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Evans, Richard (Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Hutzler, Shirley (Self and Texas Association of Health Underwriters) Jones, III, William (Self and Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Ciommerce) Kloster, Jeff (Texas Association of Health Plans) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Henderson, James (Self) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance) HB 969 For: Lieferman, Cynthia (Advocacy, Inc.) Against: Bojorquez, Alan (Texas Municipal League) Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Evans, Richard (Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Hutzler, Shirley (Self and Texas Association of Health Underwriters) Jones, III, William (Self and Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Ciommerce) Kloster, Jeff (Texas Association of Health Plans) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Henderson, James (Self) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance) HB 1093 For: Chastain, Jasmin (Self and Natural Beginnings Doula Group) Narumanchi-Jackson, Varshna (Self) O'Brien, Kathryn (Self and Doulas of Tarrant County) Stillwell, Jane (Self and Doulas of Tarrant County) Wood, Luna (Self and Heart of Texas Doulas) Against: Bojorquez, Alan (Texas Municipal League) Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Evans, Richard (Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Hutzler, Shirley (Self and Texas Association of Health Underwriters) Jones, III, William (Self and Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Ciommerce) Kloster, Jeff (Texas Association of Health Plans) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Thompson, Jay (Self and TALHI) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Henderson, James (Self) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance) HB 1406 For: Gantt, Melanie (Mental Health Association in Texas) Robins, Mary (Nami-TX (Texas Alliance for the Mentally Ill)) Against: Bojorquez, Alan (Texas Municipal League) Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Evans, Richard (Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Hutzler, Shirley (Self and Texas Association of Health Underwriters) Jones, III, William (Self and Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Ciommerce) Kloster, Jeff (Texas Association of Health Plans) Pinkus, David (Small Business United of Texas) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Henderson, James (Self) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance) HB 1498 For: Lieferman, Cynthia (Advocacy, Inc.) Against: Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Jones, III, William (Self and Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Pinkus, David (Small Business United of Texas) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Evans, Richard (Texas Association of Business and Chambers of Commerce) Henderson, James (Self) Hutzler, Shirley (Self and Texas Association of Health Underwriters) Kloster, Jeff (Texas Association of Health Plans) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance) HB 1764 Against: Davis, Will (Self and Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Plummer, Jim (Self) Summers, Don (Self) Venable, Peggy (Self and Texas Citizens for a Sound Economy) Warren, J. Garland (Self) On: Henderson, James (Self) Myron, Rhonda (Texas Department of Insurance) Pollard, Mike (Texas Association of Life and Health Insurers) Stokes, Kim (Texas Department of Insurance)


public class Server
extends java.lang.Object
Sensor
to server| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
private java.net.InetAddress |
address
server address
|
private int |
beforeConnectWarning
number of connection warnings before writing to error log
|
private boolean |
connection
server connection indicator
|
private java.lang.String |
ip
server ip
|
private Logger |
logger
adapter logger
|
private java.lang.String |
name
server hostname
|
private ServerPanel |
panel
GUI server information panel
|
private int |
port
server port
|
private static int |
SOCKET_TIMEOUT
timeout for socket
|
private java.nio.channels.SocketChannel |
socketChannel
socket for sending afterwards receiving messages
|
private boolean |
wrongResponse
wrong server response indicator
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
Server(ServerPanel panel,
Logger logger,
java.lang.String givenName,
java.lang.String givenIp,
int givenPort)
Checks, if ether one of
givenName or givenIp is set and validates them. |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
java.net.InetAddress |
getAddress()
Returns server address as
InetAddress |
java.lang.String |
getIp()
Returns server ip address
|
static java.lang.String |
getIpAsString(java.net.InetAddress address)
Gets ip address to string format from
InetAddress given as parameter |
java.lang.String |
getName()
Returns server hostname
|
int |
getPort()
Returns server port
|
boolean |
isConnected()
Returns last connection to server was successful
|
boolean |
isWrongResponse()
Returns if last server response was in wrong format
|
java.nio.ByteBuffer |
sendMessage(java.nio.ByteBuffer message)
Tries to send message created by
Sensor to server. |
void |
setAddress(java.net.InetAddress address)
Sets ip, hostname and address from address given as parameter, laso updates GUI panel
|
void |
setConnection(boolean b)
Sets if connection to server was successful and updates GUI panel
|
void |
setIp(java.lang.String ip)
Sets server ip address and updates GUI panel
|
void |
setName(java.lang.String name)
Sets server hostname and updates GUI panel
|
void |
setPort(int port)
Sets server port and updates GUI panel
|
void |
setWrongResponse(boolean b)
Sets if last server response was in wrong format
|
void |
updatePanel()
Updates server information in GUI panel
|
private ServerPanel panel
private boolean connection
private java.lang.String name
private java.lang.String ip
private java.net.InetAddress address
private int port
private java.nio.channels.SocketChannel socketChannel
private boolean wrongResponse
private Logger logger
private int beforeConnectWarning
private static final int SOCKET_TIMEOUT
public Server(ServerPanel panel, Logger logger, java.lang.String givenName, java.lang.String givenIp, int givenPort)
givenName
or givenIp
is set and validates them.
Sets connection to false
panel
- GUI panel for showing server information, not nulllogger
- adapter logger, not nullgivenName
- server hostname, null if givenIp
is not nullgivenIp
- server ip, null if givenName
is not nullgivenPort
- server port, not nullpublic java.nio.ByteBuffer sendMessage(java.nio.ByteBuffer message)
Sensor
to server.
If successful, returns response from server.
Shows errors:
SOCKET_TIMEOUT
message
- message according to server <-> adapter communication protocolpublic static java.lang.String getIpAsString(java.net.InetAddress address)
InetAddress
given as parameteraddress
- public void updatePanel()
public boolean isConnected()
true
if is connected, false
otherwisepublic java.lang.String getIp()
public void setIp(java.lang.String ip)
ip
- server ippublic void setConnection(boolean b)
b
- true
if success, false
otherwisepublic java.lang.String getName()
public void setName(java.lang.String name)
name
- public java.net.InetAddress getAddress()
InetAddress
public void setAddress(java.net.InetAddress address)
address
- address to be setpublic int getPort()
public void setPort(int port)
port
- server portpublic boolean isWrongResponse()
true
if last message's format was wrong, false
otherwisepublic void setWrongResponse(boolean b)
b
- true
if last message's format was wrong, false
otherwise


Admin Key
User Email
User Workspace Name
Save
Current Admin Key:
Current User uid:
Current User Workspace:


Check eligibility for a Blue Badge
Find out if an applicant meets the DLA or PIP requirements to automatically receive a Blue Badge. Answer 4 questions about the applicant to get an instant response to your query.
Before you start
You’ll need to have this information about the applicant to complete the check:
- Proof of identity
- Proof of address
- National Insurance number


We are a small team building things to help people find resources for housing.
Qays Poonawala
Yashar Fakhari
Shiirevjamts Munkhbat
Allan Yeung
Tuvshin Erdenebaatar
Seattle Housing Authority's Housing Service Center accepts housing applications and offers free support to people applying to the agency's housing programs
190 Queen Anne Ave N
Seattle, WA 98109-1028
206-239-1737
Monday through Friday from 8 a.m. to 4:30 p.m.


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