BBOXX REST API
Introduction
The HTTP(S) POST Notification API is designed to help developers integrate third-party applications with BBOXX Mobile Money-system. This guide provides the technical information about integrating and configuring a system by using RESTful HTTP(S) POST to recieve notification of Mobile Money transaction information. Companies can use this API to allow real-time mobile money transactions to be processed via Pulse. This document describes the HTTP POST parameters and the format of the expected response. Synchronous or Near Real-Time Transactions.
Authentication
To authenticate the user and ensuring data integrity, a secure Message Authentication Code (HMAC) is used. Technically, the HTTP header “Authorization” will be used for this additional security. The header will include both a client identifier and the hash value, e.g.:
Authorization: clientXYZ:uCMfSzkjue+HSDygYB5aEg==
The hash mechanism uses is HMAC-SHA1. HMAC allows you to both authenticate the client and verify the integrity of the request message. HMAC is used as follows:
The client combines the JSON message , the message ID , path variables and the shared key, applies the HMAC function and retrieves the hash output.
The client adds the “Authorization” header to the request
The client sends the request
The server receives the messages and extracts the “Authorization” header
Based on the client id the server finds the shared secret
The server accepts the request if the two hash values are matching
In case the hash values don’t match a HTTP 403 (Forbidden) response should be sent.
Note: the resulting hash value should be encoded in the Base 64 encoding scheme.
import hmac
from hashlib import sha1
dataencoded = body + MessageId + originId + CustomerId
hashed = hmac.new(signature, dataencoded.encode('UTF-8'), sha1)
responseIntegrity = hashed.digest().encode("base64").rstrip('\n')
header_auth = CustomerId+':'+responseIntegrity
import javax.crypto.Mac;
import javax.crypto.spec.SecretKeySpec;
import org.apache.commons.codec.binary.Base64;
import org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils;
response.setHeader("ResponseIntegrity", encodeHmac(“sharedSecret”,
jsonResponseFromServiceProviderToHub));
…
protected static String encodeHmac(String sharedSecret, String message){
byte[] digest = null;
try {
Mac mac = Mac.getInstance("HmacSHA1");
SecretKeySpec secret = new SecretKeySpec(sharedSecret.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")),
"HmacSHA1");
mac.init(secret);
digest = mac.doFinal(message.getBytes(Charset.forName("UTF-8")));
} catch( NoSuchAlgorithmException e) {
System.out.println("Response: " + e.getMessage());
} catch (InvalidKeyException e) {
System.out.println("Response: " + e.getMessage());
}
return Base64.encodeBase64String(digest);
}
| Name | description |
|---|---|
| body | body content of the Request |
| MessageId | The value of the identifier is of the following format GUID, where each digit is a hexadecimal value. |
| originId | Unique identifier of the Mobile Money Provider |
| CustomerId | Unique identifier of the customer |
Headers
The following header is mandatory for every message exchanged with the REST API :
Headers = {' Authorization':'12000:fq/LZ0n8YxOp0tC3NLaj6GbPFE8=',
'SMSSupport:Y' ,
'MessageID':'74e46da2-41ff-8bba-f529-930acbffdb4c',
'MessageTimestamp':'20161029113022'}
| Name | description |
|---|---|
| Content-Type | If a request payload is sent, it should always be a JSON string |
| Authorization | Hash to authentication the requesting system |
| MessageTimestamp | Message timestamp |
HTTP POST
Description
This endpoint allows for a payment to be created.
The POST request will be sent to the following URL:
https://apierp.bboxx.co.uk/mm/1.0/payments/payment/
| Name | description |
|---|---|
| ProviderId | Uniquely identifies the Mobile Operator that initiated the request |
| CustomerId | Uniquely defines a customer in the SP system. Depending on the provider this can be an account number, email address, internal identifier |
Request Payload
Following table provides information of each JSON field of the HTTP request body:
curl -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json"
-H "Authorization:243858606953:9HkobKxzuAiK4j9bHbi80HDMG+Y=" -H "SMSSupport:Y"
-H "MessageID:74e46da-41ff-8bba-f529-930acbffdb4c", -H "MessageTimestamp:20161029113022"
-X GET -d '{"transactionId" : "123647","reference" : "bill-0001","operator" : "Mobile_provider","subscriber" : "243858606953","countryCode" : "CD","transaction_type": "PayBill","first_name": "Jhon","account_number":"45678","last_name": "Doe","amountTargetValue": 78.79,"amountTargetCurrency": "GBP","exchangeRate": 1.38,"currency" : "USD","amount" : 100.00 }'
https://apierp.bboxx.co.uk/mm/1.0/payments/payment/343755867/customers/243858606953/payments
url = 'https://apierp.bboxx.co.uk/mm/1.0/payments/payment/200/customers/12000/payments'
Headers ={' Authorization':'12000:fq/LZ0n8YxOp0tC3NLaj6GbPFE8=',
'SMSSupport:Y' ,
'MessageID':'74e46da2-41ff-8bba-f529-930acbffdb4c',
'MessageTimestamp':'20161029113022'}
body = '{"transactionId" : "123647",
"reference" : "4526",
"operator" : "Mobile_provider",
"subscriber" : "250786474859",
"countryCode" : "RW",
"currency" : "RWF",
"transaction_type": "PayBill"
"first_name": "Jhon",
"account_number":"45678",
"last_name": "Doe",
"amount" : 200.0 }'
post = requests.post(url=url, header= header, body= body)
| Fields | Description |
|---|---|
| transactionId string |
Unique identifier of the payment as generated by the MMO |
| operator string |
Unique identifier of the MMO |
| subscriber string |
Unique identifier of the end customer in the MMO’s system. This is usually the MSISDN |
| reference string |
The reference number as assigned to the transaction by the mobile money provider |
| internal_transaction_id string |
The internal ID of the transaction within the System. |
| transaction_type string |
The type of the transaction eg. Paybill, Buygoods etc, |
| account_number string |
The account number as entered by the subscriber. (optional – only for Paybill payments) |
| first_name string |
The first name of the subscriber |
| last_name string |
The last name of the subscriber |
| amount int |
Contains the amount to be paid in local currency |
| amountTargetValue int |
Contains the amount to be paid in target currency |
| amountTargetCurrency int |
Contains the target currency reference |
| exchangeRate int |
Exchange rate between both currencies (if applicable) |
| currency string |
Currency in use |
Response Payload
Upon the successful processing of the POST request, a JSON encoded response will be return in the following format:
{"providerTransactionId":"0123456",
"status": "ACCEPTED",
"Description": "Dear Customer the payment was accepted."}
| Parameter | description |
|---|---|
| ProviderTransactionId | The provider’s reference ID of the payment |
| Status | The status of the payment: |
| Description | Tne description message |
HTTP GET
Description
The GET request will bring you the content of a historical transaction
The GET request will be sent to the following URL:
https://apierp.bboxx.co.uk/mm/1.0/payments/payment/
curl -H "Accept: application/json" -H "Content-Type: application/json"
-H "Authorization:243858606953:9HkobKxzuAiK4j9bHbi80HDMG+Y="
-H "SMSSupport:Y"
-H "MessageID:74e46da-41ff-8bba-f529-930acbffdb4c",
-H "MessageTimestamp:20161029113022"
https://apierp.bboxx.co.uk/mm/1.0/payments/payment/343755867/customers/243858606953/payments
import requests
url = 'https://apierp.bboxx.co.uk/mm/1.0/payments/payment/200/customers/12000/payments'
Headers={' Authorization':'12000:fq/LZ0n8YxOp0tC3NLaj6GbPFE8=', 'SMSSupport:Y' ,
'MessageID':'74e46da2-41ff-8bba-f529-930acbffdb4c','MessageTimestamp':'20161029113022'}
post = requests.get(url=url, header=header)
| Name | description |
|---|---|
| ProviderId | If a request payload is sent, it should always be a JSON string |
| CustomerId | Hash to authentication the requesting system |
Response Payload
Upon the successful processing of the GET request, a JSON encoded response will be return in the following format:
'{"transactionId" : "123647",
"reference" : "4526",
"operator" : "Mobile_provider",
"subscriber" : "250786474859",
"countryCode" : "RW",
"currency" : "RWF",
"transaction_type": "PayBill"
"first_name": "Jhon",
"account_number": "45678",
"last_name": "Doe",
"amount" : 200.0 }'
'{"transactionId" : "123647",
"reference" : "4526",
"operator" : "Mobile_provider",
"subscriber" : "250786474859",
"countryCode" : "RW",
"currency" : "RWF",
"transaction_type": "PayBill"
"first_name": "Jhon",
"account_number": "45678",
"last_name": "Doe",
"amount" : 200.0 }'
| Fields | Description |
|---|---|
| transactionId string |
Unique identifier of the payment as generated by the MMO |
| operator string |
Unique identifier of the MMO |
| subscriber string |
Unique identifier of the end customer in the MMO’s system. This is usually the MSISDN |
| reference string |
The reference number as assigned to the transaction by the mobile money provider |
| internal_transaction_id string |
The internal ID of the transaction within the System. |
| transaction_type string |
The type of the transaction eg. Paybill, Buygoods etc, |
| account_number string |
The account number as entered by the subscriber. (optional – only for Paybill payments) |
| first_name string |
The first name of the subscriber |
| last_name string |
The last name of the subscriber |
| amount int |
The amount to be paid in local currency |
| amountTargetValue int |
Contains the amount to be paid in target currency |
| amountTargetCurrency int |
Contains the target currency reference |
| exchangeRate int |
Exchange rate between both currencies (if applicable) |
| currency string |
The local currency reference |
| status string |
3 possible status of the request : Accepted |
Response Payload
Upon the successful processing of the POST request, a JSON encoded response will be return in the following format:
{"providerTransactionId":"0123456",
"status": "ACCEPTED",
"Description": "Dear Customer the payment was accepted."}
{"providerTransactionId":"0123456",
"status": "ACCEPTED",
"Description": "Dear Customer the payment was accepted."}
| Parameter | description |
|---|---|
| ProviderTransactionId | The provider’s reference ID of the payment |
| Status | The status of the payment: |
| Description | Tne description message |
Errors code
The Bboxx Mobile Money API uses the following error codes:
| Code Error | description | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| 4000 | Provider information wrong | your application is not register in the system please check your account. |
| 4001 | Customer not found | The provided CustomerID was not found in the system. |
| 4002 | The description message | Transaction cannot be completed as multiple customers have been found for the provided customerID. |
| 4003 | Invalid amount | Unable to validate this transaction as the amount specified is not valid e.g: zero negative or invalid format amount. |
| 4004 | Forbidden operation | The customer identified by the customerId is not allowed to perform this operation. |
| 4005 | Invalid Reference | The reference provided in the message is invalid. i.e: The reference is unknown. |
| 4006 | Provider information wrong | The provided currency is not valid. |
| 4007 | Operation not succeed | Invalid message format. |
| 4008 | Field value length too large | Field value exceeded the maximum length allowed. |
| 4009 | Transaction ID not found | The transaction ID provided was not found. |
| 40010 | Duplicate Transaction ID | The Customer for provided customerID was not found in system. |
BBOXX SOAP API
Introduction
The BBOXX SOAP API is based on open standards known collectively as web services, which include the Simple Object Access Protocol (SOAP), Web Services Definition Language (WSDL), and the XML Schema Definition language (XSD). A wide range of development tools on a variety of platforms support web services.
Like many web services, BBOXX SOAP API is a combination of client-side and server-side schemas.
Authentication
When you call BBOXX SOAP API, you must authenticate each request by using a set of API credentials. BBOXX associates a set of API credentials with a specific Mobile Money account.
curl -H "Content-Type: text/xml" -u MobileProvider:3drvJjs9#324Qfa
-X POST -d @Payment.xml -i https://apierp.bboxx.co.uk/mm/XMLPay
Request
Description
This endpoint allows for a payment to be created.
The POST request will be sent to the following URL: https://apierp.bboxx.co.uk/mm/XMLPay
Request Payload
Following table provides information of each XMl fields:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/">
<SOAP-ENV:header>
</SOAP-ENV:header>
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<ns1 paymentDone>
<countryCode>TG</countryCode>
<transactionId>123647</transactionId>
<reference>4526</reference>
<operator>BBOXX Telecom</operator>
<subscriber>250786474859</subscriber>
<transaction_type>PayBill</transaction_type>
<first_name>Jhon</first_name>
<account_number>45678</account_number>
<last_name>Doe</last_name>
<amount>10000.00</amount>
<currency>CFA </currency>
<amountTargetValue>18.60 </amountTargetValue>
<amountTargetCurrency>USD</amountTargetCurrency>
<exchangeRate>0.0019</exchangeRate>
<freeField>JOE</freeField>
</ns1 paymentDone>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
</xml>
| Fields | Description |
|---|---|
| transactionId |
Unique identifier of the payment as generated by the MMO |
| operator |
Unique identifier of the MMO |
| subscriber |
Unique identifier of the end customer in the MMO’s system. This is usually the MSISDN |
| reference |
The reference number as assigned to the transaction by the mobile money provider |
| internal_transaction_id |
The internal ID of the transaction within the System. |
| transaction_type |
The type of the transaction eg. Paybill, Buygoods etc, |
| account_number |
The account number as entered by the subscriber. (optional – only for Paybill payments) |
| first_name |
The first name of the subscriber |
| last_name |
The last name of the subscriber |
| amount |
The amount to be paid in local currency |
| amountTargetValue |
Contains the amount to be paid in target currency |
| amountTargetCurrency |
Contains the target currency reference |
| exchangeRate |
Exchange rate between both currencies (if applicable) |
| currency |
The local currency reference |
| status |
Status of the request : Accepted |
Response Payload
Upon the successful processing of the POST request, a XML response will be return :
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<SOAP-ENV:Envelope xmlns:SOAP-ENV="http://schemas.xmlsoap.org/soap/envelope/" >
<SOAP-ENV:Body>
<ns1:paymentDoneResponse>
<date> 2017-02-28 16:30:46.023428</date>
200
<description> Success </description>
</ns1:paymentDoneResponse>
</SOAP-ENV:Body>
</SOAP-ENV:Envelope>
</xml>
| Parameter | description |
|---|---|
| date | The transaction timestamp |
| code | The payment status code |
| description | The description message |
Errors code
The Bboxx Mobile Money API uses the following error codes:
| Code Error | description | Exemple |
|---|---|---|
| 4000 | Provider information wrong | your application is not register in the system please check your account. |
| 4001 | Customer not found | The provided CustomerID was not found in the system. |
| 4002 | The description message | Transaction cannot be completed as multiple customers have been found for the provided customerID. |
| 4003 | Invalid amount | Unable to validate this transaction as the amount specified is not valid e.g: zero negative or invalid format amount. |
| 4004 | Forbidden operation | The customer identified by the customerId is not allowed to perform this operation. |
| 4005 | Invalid Reference | The reference provided in the message is invalid. i.e: The reference is unknown. |
| 4006 | Provider information wrong | The provided currency is not valid. |
| 4007 | Operation not succeed | Invalid message format. |
| 4008 | Field value length too large | Field value exceeded the maximum length allowed. |
| 4009 | Transaction ID not found | The transaction ID provided was not found. |
| 40010 | Duplicate Transaction ID | The Customer for provided customerID was not found in system. |


This example uses model trained on movie reviews. This model scores the sentiment of text with a value between 0 ("negative") and 1 ("positive"). The movie reviews were truncated to a maximum of 200 words and only the 20,000 most common words in the reviews are used.
Try entering a variety phrases and individual words. What do you notice? What surprises you? I'll go first: "We hate you, please die" from Scott Pilgrim vs. The World has a sentiment score of 0.9996048212051392.


Struct CC¶
Defined in File graspi_cc.hpp
Struct Documentation¶
-
struct
graspi
::
CC
¶ The class to store information about individual component.
Public Functions
-
CC
()¶ The constructor.
0 - does not connected, 1 - connected to bottom 2 - connected to top, 3 - connected to both
-
bool
if_connected_to_top_or_bottom
() const¶ Returns if given component is connected to both bottom OR top meta-vertex.
-
bool
if_connected_to_top_and_bottom
() const¶ Returns if given component is connected to both bottom AND top meta-vertex.
-
bool
if_connected_to_top
() const¶ Returns if given component is connected to top meta-vertex.
-
bool
if_connected_to_bottom
() const¶ Returns if given component is connected to bottom meta-vertex.
-


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Feedburner is a free, Google-owned service that provides great feed statistics and services to bloggers and other feed publishers.
Quick instructions how to use Feedburner email subscription:
In the copied code, you will find something like this:
onsubmit="window.open('https://feedburner.google.com/fb/a/mailverify?uri=YOUR_ID_HERE', 'popupwindow',
Copy your id after uri= and paste it into Devlom Configurator FEEDBURNER field.


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The uploaded image appears here
The CV component is detecting objects....
646-305-0231


|
<IP_ADDRESS> Password checking is "ON" Running as null user (anonymous) |
| Network Transports |
Transport: \Device\NetBT_Tcpip_{8D7D6A28-0C99-4CB8-95AF-2EFDF5DDC47B}
MAC Address: 000C29D68D8B Transport: \Device\NetbiosSmb MAC Address:<PHONE_NUMBER>00 |
| NetBIOS Name | WIN2000SERVER |
| Account Lockout Threshold | 5 Attempts |
| Logged On Users |
Username: Administrator
Logon Server: WIN2000SERVER |
| Local Groups and Users |
Administrators
- WIN2000SERVER\Administrator - WIN2000SERVER\grumpy Backup Operators Guests - WIN2000SERVER\Guest -Disabled - WIN2000SERVER\IUSR_WIN2000SERVER - WIN2000SERVER\IWAM_WIN2000SERVER - WIN2000SERVER\TsInternetUser Power Users Replicator Users - NT AUTHORITY\Authenticated Users - NT AUTHORITY\INTERACTIVE - WIN2000SERVER\ASPNET - WIN2000SERVER\bashful - WIN2000SERVER\doc - WIN2000SERVER\dopey - WIN2000SERVER\grumpy - WIN2000SERVER\happy - WIN2000SERVER\sleepy - WIN2000SERVER\sneezy |
| Global Groups and Users |
None
- ASPNET - Administrator - Guest -Disabled - IUSR_WIN2000SERVER - IWAM_WIN2000SERVER - TsInternetUser - bashful - doc - dopey - grumpy - happy - sleepy - sneezy |
| Share Information |
ADMIN$
C$ IPC$ |
| Guessed Passwords |
bashful, password is #BLANK#
doc, password is password dopey, password is password grumpy, password is grumpy happy, password is happy sleepy, password is sleepy sneezy, password is #BLANK# |
|
Written by Reed Arvin -<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|


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The autumnal equinox, in the Southern Hemisphere, takes place on March 20 and 21, in the Northern Hemisphere, September 22-23.


An example personalised message: Hi Bob, I'd really value your feedback on the role I played on project X over the last six months. I'm keen to understand specifically 1) how the quality of the work I produced impacted on the project, 2) how my behaviours impacted the team culture to drive the outcomes and 3) any broader feedback on my contribution. Your feedback is important so I can learn and grow. Thanks, Megan
Feedback cycle questions for {{nominate.selectedCycle.label}}
These are the questions to which your colleague will be ask to respond
{{option}}
Nominate {{nominate.nominee.display}}{{nominate.nominee}}nobody to provide feedback for yourself as part of {{nominate.selectedCycle.label}}?
No colleagues currently nominated to provide feedback.


{% extends "events/base.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% block title %}Delete Event{% endblock title %} {% block base_content %}
{% trans "Are you sure that you really want to delete it?" %}
{{ object }}


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Basic Example
The first example to look at is a complete (although somewhat trivial)
application. It uses PBServerFactory()
on the server side, and
PBClientFactory()
on the client side.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor class Echoer(pb.Root): def remote_echo(self, st): print 'echoing:', st return st if __name__ == '__main__': reactor.listenTCP(8789, pb.PBServerFactory(Echoer())) reactor.run()
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13
from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor from twisted.python import util factory = pb.PBClientFactory() reactor.connectTCP("localhost", 8789, factory) d = factory.getRootObject() d.addCallback(lambda object: object.callRemote("echo", "hello network")) d.addCallback(lambda echo: 'server echoed: '+echo) d.addErrback(lambda reason: 'error: '+str(reason.value)) d.addCallback(util.println) d.addCallback(lambda _: reactor.stop()) reactor.run()
First we look at the server. This defines an Echoer class (derived from
pb.Root
), with a method called
remote_echo()
.
pb.Root
objects (because of
their inheritance of
pb.Referenceable
, described
later) can define methods with names of the form remote_*
; a
client which obtains a remote reference to that
pb.Root
object will be able to
invoke those methods.
The pb.Root
-ish object is
given to a pb.PBServerFactory
()
. This is a
Factory
object like
any other: the Protocol
objects it creates for new
connections know how to speak the PB protocol. The object you give to
pb.PBServerFactory()
becomes the root object
, which
simply makes it available for the client to retrieve. The client may only
request references to the objects you want to provide it: this helps you
implement your security model. Because it is so common to export just a
single object (and because a remote_*
method on that one can
return a reference to any other object you might want to give out), the
simplest example is one where the PBServerFactory
is given the root object, and
the client retrieves it.
The client side uses
pb.PBClientFactory
to make a
connection to a given port. This is a two-step process involving opening
a TCP connection to a given host and port and requesting the root object
using .getRootObject()
.
Because .getRootObject()
has to wait until a network
connection has been made and exchange some data, it may take a while,
so it returns a Deferred, to which the gotObject() callback is
attached. (See the documentation on Deferring
Execution for a complete explanation of Deferred
s). If and when the
connection succeeds and a reference to the remote root object is
obtained, this callback is run. The first argument passed to the
callback is a remote reference to the distant root object. (you can
give other arguments to the callback too, see the other parameters for
.addCallback()
and .addCallbacks()
).
The callback does:
1
object.callRemote("echo", "hello network")
which causes the server's .remote_echo()
method to be invoked.
(running .callRemote("boom")
would cause
.remote_boom()
to be run, etc). Again because of the delay
involved, callRemote()
returns a
Deferred
. Assuming the
remote method was run without causing an exception (including an attempt to
invoke an unknown method), the callback attached to that
Deferred
will be
invoked with any objects that were returned by the remote method call.
In this example, the server's Echoer
object has a method
invoked, exactly as if some code on the server side had done:
1
echoer_object.remote_echo("hello network")
and from the definition of remote_echo()
we see that this just
returns the same string it was given: hello network
.
From the client's point of view, the remote call gets another Deferred
object instead of
that string. callRemote()
always returns a Deferred
. This is why PB is
described as a system for translucent
remote method calls instead of
transparent
ones: you cannot pretend that the remote object is really
local. Trying to do so (as some other RPC mechanisms do, coughCORBAcough)
breaks down when faced with the asynchronous nature of the network. Using
Deferreds turns out to be a very clean way to deal with the whole thing.
The remote reference object (the one given to
getRootObject()
's success callback) is an instance the RemoteReference
class. This means
you can use it to invoke methods on the remote object that it refers to. Only
instances of RemoteReference
are eligible for
.callRemote()
. The RemoteReference
object is the one that lives
on the remote side (the client, in this case), not the local side (where the
actual object is defined).
In our example, the local object is that Echoer()
instance,
which inherits from pb.Root
,
which inherits from
pb.Referenceable
. It is that
Referenceable
class that makes the object eligible to be available
for remote method callsremote_*
methods they please.
The only thing they can do is invoke those
methods. In particular, they cannot access attributes. From a security point
of view, you control what they can do by limiting what the
remote_*
methods can do.
Also note: the other classes like
Referenceable
allow access to
other methods, in particular perspective_*
and view_*
may be accessed. Don't write local-only methods with these names, because then
remote callers will be able to do more than you intended.
Also also note: the other classes like
pb.Copyable
do allow
access to attributes, but you control which ones they can see.
You don't have to be a
pb.Root
to be remotely callable,
but you do have to be
pb.Referenceable
. (Objects that
inherit from pb.Referenceable
but not from pb.Root
can be
remotely called, but only
pb.Root
-ish objects can be given
to the PBServerFactory
.)
Complete Example
Here is an example client and server which uses pb.Referenceable
as a root object and as the
result of a remotely exposed method. In each context, methods can be invoked
on the exposed Referenceable
instance. In this example, the initial root object has a method that returns a
reference to the second object.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb class Two(pb.Referenceable): def remote_three(self, arg): print "Two.three was given", arg class One(pb.Root): def remote_getTwo(self): two = Two() print "returning a Two called", two return two from twisted.internet import reactor reactor.listenTCP(8800, pb.PBServerFactory(One())) reactor.run()
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor def main(): factory = pb.PBClientFactory() reactor.connectTCP("localhost", 8800, factory) def1 = factory.getRootObject() def1.addCallbacks(got_obj1, err_obj1) reactor.run() def err_obj1(reason): print "error getting first object", reason reactor.stop() def got_obj1(obj1): print "got first object:", obj1 print "asking it to getTwo" def2 = obj1.callRemote("getTwo") def2.addCallbacks(got_obj2) def got_obj2(obj2): print "got second object:", obj2 print "telling it to do three(12)" obj2.callRemote("three", 12) main()
pb.PBClientFactory.getRootObject
will
handle all the details of waiting for the creation of a connection.
It returns a Deferred
, which will have its
callback called when the reactor connects to the remote server and
pb.PBClientFactory
gets the
root, and have its errback
called when the
object-connection fails for any reason, whether it was host lookup
failure, connection refusal, or some server-side error.
The root object has a method called remote_getTwo
, which
returns the Two()
instance. On the client end, the callback gets
a RemoteReference
to that
instance. The client can then invoke two's .remote_three()
method.
RemoteReference
objects have one method which is their purpose for being: callRemote
. This method allows you to call a
remote method on the object being referred to by the Reference. RemoteReference.callRemote
, like pb.PBClientFactory.getRootObject
, returns
a Deferred
.
When a response to the method-call being sent arrives, the Deferred
's callback
or errback
will be made, depending on whether an error occurred in processing the
method call.
You can use this technique to provide access to arbitrary sets of objects.
Just remember that any object that might get passed over the wire
must
inherit from Referenceable
(or one of the other flavors). If you try to pass a non-Referenceable object
(say, by returning one from a remote_*
method), you'll get an
InsecureJelly
exception
References can come back to you
If your server gives a reference to a client, and then that client gives
the reference back to the server, the server will wind up with the same
object it gave out originally. The serialization layer watches for returning
reference identifiers and turns them into actual objects. You need to stay
aware of where the object lives: if it is on your side, you do actual method
calls. If it is on the other side, you do
.callRemote()
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor class Two(pb.Referenceable): def remote_print(self, arg): print "two.print was given", arg class One(pb.Root): def __init__(self, two): #pb.Root.__init__(self) # pb.Root doesn't implement __init__ self.two = two def remote_getTwo(self): print "One.getTwo(), returning my two called", self.two return self.two def remote_checkTwo(self, newtwo): print "One.checkTwo(): comparing my two", self.two print "One.checkTwo(): against your two", newtwo if self.two == newtwo: print "One.checkTwo(): our twos are the same" two = Two() root_obj = One(two) reactor.listenTCP(8800, pb.PBServerFactory(root_obj)) reactor.run()
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor def main(): foo = Foo() factory = pb.PBClientFactory() reactor.connectTCP("localhost", 8800, factory) factory.getRootObject().addCallback(foo.step1) reactor.run() # keeping globals around is starting to get ugly, so we use a simple class # instead. Instead of hooking one function to the next, we hook one method # to the next. class Foo: def __init__(self): self.oneRef = None def step1(self, obj): print "got one object:", obj self.oneRef = obj print "asking it to getTwo" self.oneRef.callRemote("getTwo").addCallback(self.step2) def step2(self, two): print "got two object:", two print "giving it back to one" print "one is", self.oneRef self.oneRef.callRemote("checkTwo", two) main()
The server gives a Two()
instance to the client, who then
returns the reference back to the server. The server compares the two
given with the two
received and shows that they are the same, and that
both are real objects instead of remote references.
A few other techniques are demonstrated in pb2client.py
. One
is that the callbacks are are added with .addCallback
instead
of .addCallbacks
. As you can tell from the Deferred documentation, .addCallback
is a
simplified form which only adds a success callback. The other is that to
keep track of state from one callback to the next (the remote reference to
the main One() object), we create a simple class, store the reference in an
instance thereof, and point the callbacks at a sequence of bound methods.
This is a convenient way to encapsulate a state machine. Each response kicks
off the next method, and any data that needs to be carried from one state to
the next can simply be saved as an attribute of the object.
Remember that the client can give you back any remote reference you've given them. Don't base your zillion-dollar stock-trading clearinghouse server on the idea that you trust the client to give you back the right reference. The security model inherent in PB means that they can only give you back a reference that you've given them for the current connection (not one you've given to someone else instead, nor one you gave them last time before the TCP session went down, nor one you haven't yet given to the client), but just like with URLs and HTTP cookies, the particular reference they give you is entirely under their control.
References to client-side objects
Anything that's Referenceable can get passed across the wire, in
either direction. The client
can give a reference to the
server
, and then the server can use .callRemote() to invoke methods on
the client end. This fuzzes the distinction between client
and
server
: the only real difference is who initiates the original TCP
connection; after that it's all symmetric.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor class One(pb.Root): def remote_takeTwo(self, two): print "received a Two called", two print "telling it to print(12)" two.callRemote("print", 12) reactor.listenTCP(8800, pb.PBServerFactory(One())) reactor.run()
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor class Two(pb.Referenceable): def remote_print(self, arg): print "Two.print() called with", arg def main(): two = Two() factory = pb.PBClientFactory() reactor.connectTCP("localhost", 8800, factory) def1 = factory.getRootObject() def1.addCallback(got_obj, two) # hands our 'two' to the callback reactor.run() def got_obj(obj, two): print "got One:", obj print "giving it our two" obj.callRemote("takeTwo", two) main()
In this example, the client gives a reference to its own object to the server. The server then invokes a remote method on the client-side object.
Raising Remote Exceptions
Everything so far has covered what happens when things go right. What about when they go wrong? The Python Way is to raise an exception of some sort. The Twisted Way is the same.
The only special thing you do is to define your Exception
subclass by deriving it from pb.Error
. When any remotely-invokable method
(like remote_*
or perspective_*
) raises a
pb.Error
-derived exception, a serialized form of that Exception
object will be sent back over the wirecallRemote
) will have the
callback run with a errback
Failure
object that contains a copy of
the exception object. This Failure
object can be queried to
retrieve the error message and a stack traceback.
Failure
is a
special class, defined in twisted/python/failure.py
, created to
make it easier to handle asynchronous exceptions. Just as exception handlers
can be nested, errback
functions can be chained. If one errback
can't handle the particular type of failure, it can be passed along
to a
errback handler further down the chain.
For simple purposes, think of the Failure
as just a container
for remotely-thrown Exception
objects. To extract the string that
was put into the exception, use its .getErrorMessage()
method.
To get the type of the exception (as a string), look at its
.type
attribute. The stack traceback is available too. The
intent is to let the errback function get just as much information about the
exception as Python's normal try:
clauses do, even though the
exception occurred in somebody else's memory space at some unknown time in
the past.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor class MyError(pb.Error): """This is an Expected Exception. Something bad happened.""" pass class MyError2(Exception): """This is an Unexpected Exception. Something really bad happened.""" pass class One(pb.Root): def remote_broken(self): msg = "fall down go boom" print "raising a MyError exception with data '%s'" % msg raise MyError(msg) def remote_broken2(self): msg = "hadda owie" print "raising a MyError2 exception with data '%s'" % msg raise MyError2(msg) def main(): reactor.listenTCP(8800, pb.PBServerFactory(One())) reactor.run() if __name__ == '__main__': main()
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb from twisted.internet import reactor def main(): factory = pb.PBClientFactory() reactor.connectTCP("localhost", 8800, factory) d = factory.getRootObject() d.addCallbacks(got_obj) reactor.run() def got_obj(obj): # change "broken" into "broken2" to demonstrate an unhandled exception d2 = obj.callRemote("broken") d2.addCallback(working) d2.addErrback(broken) def working(): print "erm, it wasn't *supposed* to work.." def broken(reason): print "got remote Exception" # reason should be a Failure (or subclass) holding the MyError exception print " .__class__ =", reason.__class__ print " .getErrorMessage() =", reason.getErrorMessage() print " .type =", reason.type reactor.stop() main()
$ ./exc_client.py got remote Exception .__class__ = twisted.spread.pb.CopiedFailure .getErrorMessage() = fall down go boom .type = __main__.MyError Main loop terminated.
Oh, and what happens if you raise some other kind of exception? Something
that isn't subclassed from pb.Error
? Well, those are
called unexpected exceptions
, which make Twisted think that something
has really gone wrong. These will raise an exception on the
server side. This won't break the connection (the exception is
trapped, just like most exceptions that occur in response to network
traffic), but it will print out an unsightly stack trace on the server's
stderr with a message that says Peer Will Receive PB Traceback
, just
as if the exception had happened outside a remotely-invokable method. (This
message will go the current log target, if log.startLogging
was used to redirect it). The
client will get the same Failure
object in either case, but
subclassing your exception from pb.Error
is the way to tell
Twisted that you expect this sort of exception, and that it is ok to just
let the client handle it instead of also asking the server to complain. Look
at exc_client.py
and change it to invoke broken2()
instead of broken()
to see the change in the server's
behavior.
If you don't add an errback
function to the Deferred
, then a remote
exception will still send a Failure
object back over, but it
will get lodged in the Deferred
with nowhere to go. When that
Deferred
finally goes out of scope, the side that did
callRemote
will emit a message about an Unhandled error in
Deferred
, along with an ugly stack trace. It can't raise an exception at
that point (after all, the callRemote
that triggered the
problem is long gone), but it will emit a traceback. So be a good programmer
and always add errback
handlers, even if they are just
calls to log.err
.
Try/Except blocks and Failure.trap
To implement the equivalent of the Python try/except blocks (which can
trap particular kinds of exceptions and pass others up
to
higher-level try/except
blocks), you can use the
.trap()
method in conjunction with multiple
errback
handlers on the Deferred
. Re-raising an
exception in an errback
handler serves to pass that new
exception to the next handler in the chain. The trap
method is
given a list of exceptions to look for, and will re-raise anything that
isn't on the list. Instead of passing unhandled exceptions up
to an
enclosing try
block, this has the effect of passing the
exception off
to later errback
handlers on the same
Deferred
. The trap
calls are used in chained
errbacks to test for each kind of exception in sequence.
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.internet import reactor from twisted.spread import pb class MyException(pb.Error): pass class One(pb.Root): def remote_fooMethod(self, arg): if arg == "panic!": raise MyException return "response" def remote_shutdown(self): reactor.stop() reactor.listenTCP(8800, pb.PBServerFactory(One())) reactor.run()
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88
#!/usr/bin/env python # Copyright (c) Twisted Matrix Laboratories. # See LICENSE for details. from twisted.spread import pb, jelly from twisted.python import log from twisted.internet import reactor class MyException(pb.Error): pass class MyOtherException(pb.Error): pass class ScaryObject: # not safe for serialization pass def worksLike(obj): # the callback/errback sequence in class One works just like an # asynchronous version of the following: try: response = obj.callMethod(name, arg) except pb.DeadReferenceError: print " stale reference: the client disconnected or crashed" except jelly.InsecureJelly: print " InsecureJelly: you tried to send something unsafe to them" except (MyException, MyOtherException): print " remote raised a MyException" # or MyOtherException except: print " something else happened" else: print " method successful, response:", response class One: def worked(self, response): print " method successful, response:", response def check_InsecureJelly(self, failure): failure.trap(jelly.InsecureJelly) print " InsecureJelly: you tried to send something unsafe to them" return None def check_MyException(self, failure): which = failure.trap(MyException, MyOtherException) if which == MyException: print " remote raised a MyException" else: print " remote raised a MyOtherException" return None def catch_everythingElse(self, failure): print " something else happened" log.err(failure) return None def doCall(self, explanation, arg): print explanation try: deferred = self.remote.callRemote("fooMethod", arg) deferred.addCallback(self.worked) deferred.addErrback(self.check_InsecureJelly) deferred.addErrback(self.check_MyException) deferred.addErrback(self.catch_everythingElse) except pb.DeadReferenceError: print " stale reference: the client disconnected or crashed" def callOne(self): self.doCall("callOne: call with safe object", "safe string") def callTwo(self): self.doCall("callTwo: call with dangerous object", ScaryObject()) def callThree(self): self.doCall("callThree: call that raises remote exception", "panic!") def callShutdown(self): print "telling them to shut down" self.remote.callRemote("shutdown") def callFour(self): self.doCall("callFour: call on stale reference", "dummy") def got_obj(self, obj): self.remote = obj reactor.callLater(1, self.callOne) reactor.callLater(2, self.callTwo) reactor.callLater(3, self.callThree) reactor.callLater(4, self.callShutdown) reactor.callLater(5, self.callFour) reactor.callLater(6, reactor.stop) factory = pb.PBClientFactory() reactor.connectTCP("localhost", 8800, factory) deferred = factory.getRootObject() deferred.addCallback(One().got_obj) reactor.run()
$ ./trap_client.py callOne: call with safe object method successful, response: response callTwo: call with dangerous object InsecureJelly: you tried to send something unsafe to them callThree: call that raises remote exception remote raised a MyException telling them to shut down callFour: call on stale reference stale reference: the client disconnected or crashed
In this example, callTwo
tries to send an instance of a
locally-defined class through callRemote
. The default security
model implemented by jelly
on the remote end will not allow unknown classes to be unserialized (i.e.
taken off the wire as a stream of bytes and turned back into an object: a
living, breathing instance of some class): one reason is that it does not
know which local class ought to be used to create an instance that
corresponds to the remote object
The receiving end of the connection gets to decide what to accept and what
to reject. It indicates its disapproval by raising a jelly.InsecureJelly
exception. Because it occurs
at the remote end, the exception is returned to the caller asynchronously,
so an errback
handler for the associated Deferred
is run. That errback receives a Failure
which wraps the
InsecureJelly
.
Remember that trap
re-raises exceptions that it wasn't asked
to look for. You can only check for one set of exceptions per errback
handler: all others must be checked in a subsequent handler.
check_MyException
shows how multiple kinds of exceptions can be
checked in a single errback: give a list of exception types to
trap
, and it will return the matching member. In this case, the
kinds of exceptions we are checking for (MyException
and
MyOtherException
) may be raised by the remote end: they inherit
from pb.Error
.
The handler can return None
to terminate processing of the
errback chain (to be precise, it switches to the callback that follows the
errback; if there is no callback then processing terminates). It is a good
idea to put an errback that will catch everything (no trap
tests, no possible chance of raising more exceptions, always returns
None
) at the end of the chain. Just as with regular try:
except:
handlers, you need to think carefully about ways in which
your errback handlers could themselves raise exceptions. The extra
importance in an asynchronous environment is that an exception that falls
off the end of the Deferred
will not be signalled until that
Deferred
goes out of scope, and at that point may only cause a
log message (which could even be thrown away if log.startLogging
is not used to point it at
stdout or a log file). In contrast, a synchronous exception that is not
handled by any other except:
block will very visibly terminate
the program immediately with a noisy stack trace.
callFour
shows another kind of exception that can occur
while using callRemote
: pb.DeadReferenceError
. This one occurs when the
remote end has disconnected or crashed, leaving the local side with a stale
reference. This kind of exception happens to be reported right away (XXX: is
this guaranteed? probably not), so must be caught in a traditional
synchronous try: except pb.DeadReferenceError
block.
Yet another kind that can occur is a pb.PBConnectionLost
exception. This occurs
(asynchronously) if the connection was lost while you were waiting for a
callRemote
call to complete. When the line goes dead, all
pending requests are terminated with this exception. Note that you have no
way of knowing whether the request made it to the other end or not, nor how
far along in processing it they had managed before the connection was
lost. XXX: explain transaction semantics, find a decent reference.
Footnotes
- There are a few other classes that can bestow this ability, but pb.Referenceable is the easiest to understand; see 'flavors' below for details on the others.
- This can be overridden, by subclassing one of the Serializable flavors and defining custom serialization code for your class. See Passing Complex Types for details.
- The binary nature of this local vs. remote scheme works because you cannot give RemoteReferences to a third party. If you could, then your object A could go to B, B could give it to C, C might give it back to you, and you would be hard pressed to tell if the object lived in C's memory space, in B's, or if it was really your own object, tarnished and sullied after being handed down like a really ugly picture that your great aunt owned and which nobody wants but which nobody can bear to throw out. Ok, not really like that, but you get the idea.
- To be precise, the Failure will be sent if any exception is raised, not just pb.Error-derived ones. But the server will print ugly error messages if you raise ones that aren't derived from pb.Error.
The naive approach of simply doing
import SomeClass
to match a remote caller who claims to have an object of typeSomeClass
could have nasty consequences for some modules that do significant operations in their__init__
methods (thinktelnetlib.Telnet(host='localhost', port='chargen')
, or even more powerful classes that you have available in your server program). Allowing a remote entity to create arbitrary classes in your namespace is nearly equivalent to allowing them to run arbitrary code.The
InsecureJelly
exception arises because the class being sent over the wire has not been registered with the serialization layer (known asjelly
). The easiest way to make it possible to copy entire class instances over the wire is to have them inherit frompb.Copyable
, and then to usesetUnjellyableForClass(remoteClass, localClass)
on the receiving side. See Passing Complex Types for an example.


***Live Updates*** Off-Year Election Results | Breitbart
Voters will cast ballots in key off-year elections tonight. Republicans will try to win gubernatorial races in Kentucky and Mississippi after Trump campaigned in both states for Kentucky Governor Matt Bevin and Mississippi gubernatorial candidate Tate Reeves. In Virginia, Democrats are seeking to flip the state legislature to take control of all levers in a key 2020 state.
by Tony LeeStay tuned to Breitbart News throughout the evening for live updates of all of the key results.
All times eastern.
—
12:05 AM: Trump weighs in on Kentucky/Mississippi results:
11:45 PM: Affirmative Action referendum in Washington State narrowly losing by about 9,000 votes (409,410 for; 418,687 against):
11:40 PM: Bevin not conceding:
11:35 PM: Tonight’s results could help Biden as Democrats decide which candidate they want to take on Trump:
11:00 PM: Mississippi: Reeves (R) projected to win gubernatorial race.
10:35 PM: NYC adopts ranked-choice voting:
10:30 PM: Reeves on his way to what should be a win in Mississippi:
10:20 PM: Beshear declaring victory:
9:55 PM: Dems flip Virginia legislature. Now control government in Virginia. See results here.
9:35 PM: MSNBC calls for Beshear:
9:00 PM: VIRGINIA: Dems celebrating taking back Senate.
8:40 PM: Kentucky:
8:20 PM: One projection for Beshear though the race is still too close to call:
8:15 PM: Cameron wins AG race. Gubernatorial race too close to call. Trump on Monday predicted a star will be born after praising Cameron.
8:00 PM: Polls closed in Mississippi.
7:50 PM:
7:25 PM: Bevin 51.2, Beshear 46.7 with 25% reporting.
7:00 PM: Polls closed in Virginia.
6:45 PM: Polls in states like Virginia and Kentucky will completely close at the top of the hour:
Some very early returns in Kentucky.


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SPOILERS: What is Jade's secret in Coronation Street?
Jade Rowan (Lottie Henshall) has been acting suspiciously on Coronation Street for weeks, and now it seems she’s finally about to put her vile plans into action.
Jade arrived on the scene as a tutor for Fiz Stape’s (Jennie McAlpine) troubled daughter Hope, and it’s been pretty clear that she’s harboured some sort of vendetta against the family from the first.
In upcoming scenes, Jade will be able to convince the powers that be that Fiz and Tyrone (Alan Halsall) are unfit parents, and social services will get involved.
So what has Jade got against Fiz and her husband?
What is Jade’s secret in Coronation Street?
It’s not yet known exactly what grudge Jade has against Fiz and her family, but we’re set to find out this week.
Advertisement Advertisement
Whatever it is, it’s got to be pretty big if she’s willing to stoop so low as to try getting their children taken away from them.
A source has told The Sun: ‘The couple will be completely blindsided by having their children taken off them and at a loss as to how it could have happened. But it is actually Jade that has reported them to social services for allegedly abusing Hope and Tyrone’s daughter, Ruby.
‘They are taken away from the couple while an investigation into the claims is carried out. In the meantime, Fiz and Tyrone face 2020 wondering what happened to their family.’
As Fiz and Tyrone try to prove their innocence, they’ll also attempt to figure out why Jade has done this to them.
Jade used to be Hope’s teaching assistant in Birmingham, but Evelyn (Maureen Lipman) was suspicious from the start about the fact that Jade would be willing to drop everything to become a live-in-tutor for the girl.
It turns out Evelyn was right to be concerned – will Jade ever get her comeuppance for trying to destroy Fiz’s family?
Only time will tell…


CONGO A film review by Shaggy Bob Copyright 1995 Shaggy Bob
Have you ever noticed that stuff happens to ya at the worst time? Is this some sorta curse someone placed on everyone? I mean take today for example. I had an experiment (no, not that kind--it was one of those science stuff) going for two days and I was about to take it off.
Speaking of being stuck, CONGO came out and I had to go check it out. It's about this gorilla who learned how to talk and this scientist dude who wanted to return her back to Africa. Of course he can't find any grants to return the monkey so he gets help from other sources.
No nakkid boobs. 15 dead bodies (and 14 same monkeys dying all over). 147 bullets. 53 on the vomit meter. No moon shots. What we got here are: Expedition-fu, skinny dippin'-fu, attack of killer chocolate craving-fu, paranoid dude in charge-fu, Mr. Ed-fu, Dr. Dolittle-fu, attack of killer fuel prices-fu, sesame seed cake- fu, air conditioner-fu, and of course attack of killer apes-fu. Drive in academy nomination for Dylan Walsh for saying stuff like "what is that?" and to Earnie Hudson for responding "when moon like that comes out, every money in two hundred miles thinks they're Elvis." To Tim Curry for saying stuff like "help me pick these up" and to Joe Don Baker after sending a group to a volcano "please use the fire extinguisher on that". And of course to Laura Linney for saying stuff like "Do you remember my promise?" One and a half star. Shaggy Bob says check it out!
Alien Alert! Did ya hear about his guy paying some one to rape his wife so he can watch? Well, the rapist got caught and the wife sued the guy. She won and was awarded $64million. I dunno 'bout you but where in the world is a sleazoid like that gonna come up with that kind of money? I sure would like to get my hands on that kind of piggy bank.
For wisdom according to Shaggy Bob, hit that Reply key now.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
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Overview
Staging
0
Runs in the database
na
0
Samples across all runs
0
Service requests in the announcement queue
Breakdown
Service status
Network connection
no change since startup
Announcements (placeholder)
X In Progress
Database
Sample sheet
| Sample Label | Run Name |
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Welcome to your dashboard. Your averages are:
Average Temperature:
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Average Humidity:
Average CO2:
Average Pressure:
Average TVOC:


Wall Street falls on concerns of U.S.-China trade deal delay
by ReutersNEW YORK (Reuters) - Wall Street's main indexes closed lower on Wednesday on concerns a "phase one" trade deal between Washington and Beijing may not be completed this year.
The Dow Jones Industrial Average (DJI) fell 113.61 points, or 0.41%, to 27,820.41, the S&P 500 (SPX) lost 11.78 points, or 0.38%, to 3,108.4 and the Nasdaq Composite (IXIC) dropped 43.93 points, or 0.51%, to 8,526.73.


---
layout: talk_reveal3
title: Potential for antigenic drift in SARS-CoV-2
venue: Fred Hutch
event: HB Friday Faculty Talk
author: Trevor Bedford
widescreen: true
---
Trevor Bedford (@trvrb)
with John Huddleston, Richard Neher, Dave Wentworth, Becky Kondor, John McCauley, Hideki Hasegawa, Kanta Subbarao and others
Future frequency $x_i(t+\Delta t)$ of strain $i$ derives from strain fitness $f_i$ and present day frequency $x_i(t)$, such that $$\hat{x}_i(t+\Delta t) = x_i(t) \, \mathrm{exp}(f_i \, \Delta t)$$
Total strain frequencies at each timepoint are normalized.
This captures clonal interference between competing lineages.
with Katie Kistler
{{ page.title }}
{{ page.date | date: "%-d %b %Y" }}
{{ page.event }}
{{ page.venue }}
Slides at: bedford.io/talks
How likely is it that antigenic variants of SARS-CoV-2 will emerge, circulate and thereby decrease vaccine efficacy?
Integrating genotypes and phenotypes improves long-term forecasts of seasonal influenza A/H3N2 evolution
Influenza viruses undergo antigenic drift
H3N2 vaccine updates occur every ~2 years
Vaccine strain selection by WHO
Select one strain from circulating diversity
Fitness models project strain frequencies
Match strain forecast to retrospective circulation
Train in 6-year sliding windows from 1995 to 2015 with most recent years held out as test
Composite models favor combinations of HI drift, local branching index and non-epitope fitness
Model successfully predicts clade growth and best pick from model is generally close to best possible retrospective pick
Forecasts are live at nextstrain.org/flu, but are currently fraught due to lack of recent isolates
Evidence for adaptive evolution in the receptor-binding domain of seasonal coronaviruses
Four species of seasonal coronavirus (OC43, 229E, NL63, HKU1) cause ~30% of common colds
Focus on spike protein as target for immune response and antigenic escape
Spike gene phylogenies for OC43 and 229E
Substitutions occur more often in S1 subunit than S2
Nonsynonymous substitutions accumulate rapidly in exposed portions of spike
Diversity and divergence used to estimate accumulation of adaptive substitutions
This analysis can be summarized as rate of adaptive substitutions per year (about ~0.5 adaptive subs per year for OC43)
And compared to rates of adaptive substitutions in other viruses
Adaptive evolution in spike is clearly present in OC43 and 229E.
It's likely this results in antigenic evolution and contributes to reinfection
observed to occur every ~3 years.
SARS-CoV-2
Sequencing and data sharing in almost real-time, now with over 250k genomes
SARS-CoV-2 lineages establish globally in February and March
decreased international travel,
regional clades have emerged
decreased international travel,
regional clades have emerged
Limited early mutations like D614G spread globally during initial wave
More recent variants are confined to regional dominance
Starting to see circulating spike variants
A222V, N439K and S477N spreading in Europe (although may be largely explained by epidemiology)
S477N also spreading in Oceania, having arisen independently
N439K shows evidence of reduced binding and neutralization
Y453F shows associated with passage in farmed mink
I think SARS-CoV-2 will undergo antigenic drift
Strong immune response to mRNA vaccines may help here
Monitoring for antigenic drift
recovered and vaccinated individuals
Seasonal flu: WHO Global Influenza Surveillance Network, GISAID, John Huddleston, Richard Neher, Jover Lee, Dave Wentworth, Becky Kondor
Seasonal CoVs: Katie Kistler
SARS-CoV-2 genomic epi: Data producers from all over the world, GISAID and the Nextstrain team
Bedford Lab: Alli Black, John Huddleston, James Hadfield, Katie Kistler, Louise Moncla, Maya Lewinsohn, Thomas Sibley, Jover Lee, Kairsten Fay, Misja Ilcisin, Cassia Wagner, Miguel Paredes, Nicola Müller, Marlin Figgins, Eli Harkins


Gettin' To The Rails
Ruby & Rails
May 10, 2015
As I usually like to, I'll start off with a quote on what THE Ruby on Rails site says to What is Rails?:
"Rails is a web application development framework written in the Ruby language. It is designed to make programming web applications easier by making assumptions about what every developer needs to get started. It allows you to write less code while accomplishing more than many other languages and frameworks. Experienced Rails developers also report that it makes web application development more fun." Source: Rails GuideSo to someone who has been programming in JUST Ruby without a framework, I think that sounds pretty darn cool. Plus, who doesn't like FUN?! Plus it is open source, meaning that you are allowed to take it and use to to create even more possible fun applications and software. It allows you to integerate Ruby with HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
It follows great guidelines like DRY (Do not Repeat Yourself), usual code implemented so you can focus on the code that needed to be created which is what they call 'Convention of Configuration.' It can allow you to create complex websites where you need a database involved much easier than other methods. You can implement code that will take over repetitive and time eating tasks. Maybe say that you can create complex software much more quickly with rails. An example of Ruby on Rails in action is Groupon. Part of their software is Ruby on Rails and a good way of how it can be used in collaboration with other codes.
It is a full stack framework so essentially you could do it all with RoR if you so wished. You can bring the various parts of the software to work together 'seamlessly', and there for hopefully run faster and have a more readable code. It comes with built-in testing! That's pretty nice. You can also make your own tests through a relatively easier to build. It was created in 2009, so it is a middle child these days in the tech world. Languages and frameworks seem to come out so often, but it depends on which ones stick and prove their worth. Ruby on Rails luckily has and to some is a must-have skill to put in your tech bank. David Heinemeier Hansson, the creator of Rails, said he was looking for a way to have a language that didn't feel as "dirty" as PHP. He felt PHP was too repetitive.
You can access Ruby on Rails via Ruby gems, which you use your command line to install. Since we were working on our own cheat sheets earlier, here's another to add to your library from Dave Child: Ruby on Rails Cheat Sheet.


Protocols
The following protocols are available globally.
-
Account interface repository.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public protocol AccountRepository
-
Blockchain interface repository
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public protocol BlockchainRepository
-
Mosaic interface repository.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public protocol MosaicRepository
-
Namespace interface repository.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public protocol NamespaceRepository
-
Network interface repository.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public protocol NetworkRepository
-
Transaction interface repository.
See moreDeclaration
Swift
public protocol TransactionRepository


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November 18, 2002
Marge Simpson to get breast implants
Wire Services | Submitted by: asparagus uninterrupted
"Marge Simpson, previously known for her overly large column of blue hair,
receives her amplified bosom because of a surgery mix-up on November 24.
Marge intends to get liposuction surgery to impress her portly husband
Homer, but she gets switched with another patient at the hospital and
ends up with implants."
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Read article...
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Man's genitals attacked by flesh eating bug
Electric New Paper | Submitted by: Rob, the Flying Dutchman in Singapore
"Dr. Teoh found himself looking down at a full-blown case of Fournier's
gangrene, a rare disease where bacteria attacks and eats away at tissue under
the skin that's around the genitalia. As a result, the skin in that area
also dies...
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Read article...
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Hefner: Porn to be mild
The Age | Submitted by: hobitch
"The Viagra has worn off.  The
76 year old founder of Playboy magazine has directed his iconic publication
to "pull back on the extent of nudity", and is even contemplating, horror of
horrors, whether it's time to ditch the Playmate centrefolds altogether
in a bid to halt declining sales." It's a sad day.
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Read article...
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The Third Rush: coke as the last Nazi weapon
Tiscali World Online | Submitted by: Jawol
"The Nazis developed a drug based on cocaine to boost the performance of
soldiers in combat during World War II. And they tested it on prisoners in
1944, a new report suggests." They tested this "D-IX" at Sachsenhausen.
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Read article...
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Mailbox mayhem leads to massive head wound
Lincoln Journal Star | Submitted by: Irmo
Should have gone with the five iron: A Lincoln man died Sunday afternoon
after being injured about 12 hours earlier when a fragment of a golf club a
friend was swinging to knock over mailboxes struck him in the side of his
head, police said... A fragment ricocheted into the vehicle, causing
a "puncture-type wound in (Brinker's) skull."
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Read article...
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The Sovereign Nation of Al's Strip Club
Minneapolis Star Tribune | Submitted by: Bammer
"An Ojibwe man has declared a piece of land in this tiny town a sovereign
nation, opened a strip club and pledged to fight anyone who tries to mess
with either. "There ain't no way on God's Earth that they're going to stop
me", said Al LaFontaine, 82, of St. Paul... In 1959, he offered to sell a
third of North Dakota to the Soviet Union and he's put forth a variety of
schemes to build casinos on land that he's bought and declared sovereign."
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Read article...
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Giving the dog a bone
Canoe | Submitted by: False Prophet
A large dog that tried to chomp on a police officer's private parts was
recovering at the Humane Society yesterday after being shot in the chest.
The shooting occurred late Saturday night after police were called to a
glassed-in bank machine lobby of a building near Rideau and Cumberland
streets at about 11:45 p.m. to check on an unconscious woman."
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Read article...
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Heads up, it's trash day
Fort Myers News-Press | Submitted by: Donna
"Employees at an east Fort Myers waste dump helped authorities track down
a man accused of killing Oscar Tolbert, chopping up his body and loading it
into one of their trucks for removal."
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Read article...
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Tastes Great, Less Filling, More thiamine
Guardian | Submitted by: Crazy Quagga
UK scientists want to "medicate" liquor to help prevent heavy drinkers from
brain damage, apparently missing the point as to WHY people drink heavily in
the first place. Expect this to be the new "fluoride in the water" debate.
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Read article...
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Fed-Ex my sperm: DENIED
CNN | Submitted by: bKitten
"Justices rejected William Reno Gerber's claim that he should be allowed to
ship his sperm to his wife... Gerber is serving a life sentence for firing a
gun into his television set. He was previously convicted of illegally firing
a gun and making terrorist threats. He was sentenced under California's
three strikes law."
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Read article...
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Term papers to become thing of the past
Boston Globe | Submitted by: Crazy Quagga
Students hate them, teachers hate grading them. Big school project
assignments are slowly dying out. "'It's learning the facts to get good
enough scores so it'll look nice,' Stoughton High School junior Deanne
Katz said. 'You have to teach facts. We don't do research papers.
We don't have time.'"
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Read article...
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Beard Liberation Front targets Harry Potter
BBC | Submitted by: Chairman Goodchild
"The Beard Liberation Front (BLF) objects to the "obviously false" facial
hair sported by Robbie Coltrane and the late Richard Harris in the fantasy
movie [Harry Potter and the Chamber of Secrets]... Such "end of a broom"
fakes give beardists ample ammunition to taunt bearded men, who are
particularly targeted for abuse in the run-up to Christmas."
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Read article...
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Pencil tip sculpture
Stamford Advocate | Submitted by: Crazy Quagga
Amazing photos of art made by CARVING THE POINT OF A PENCIL. Equally
strange photo of the artist himself: "Sitting in a tiny, sparsely furnished
studio in a chilly Westport barn that he's reshingling, Ghetti, a carpenter
by trade, explains why over the past 20 or so years he's devoted his
spare time to carving miniature shapes and objects into pencil lead."
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Read article...
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Copulation, psychotropics, aural stimulation
San Francisco Chronicle | Submitted by: Crazy Quagga
Summary of article: scientist dweebs live vicariously through gay sheep
and ecstacy-eating rats: "As brain-imaging becomes more and more
sophisticated, researchers are ranging further and further afield, stretching
the bounds of serious scientific inquiry with some decidedly unusual, if not
titillating, investigations."
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Read article...
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Bachelor show leaves the best parts out
richmond.com | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"There were five girls and the makeup artist in the limo. The makeup
artist got carsick and threw up all over the limo. We were all gagging,
feeling sick. Some of the girls had vomit on their legs. But the worst
thing was that we were under strict orders not to speak to one another...
We had to pull over. The driver tried to clean it up. Because, you know,
on the show, the limo pulls up to Aaron's house and there couldn't
be vomit all over the side of the car."
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Read article...
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Nibbled to death in Hawaii
Monterey Herald | Submitted by: Son of Benway
"The Big Island of Hawaii boasts natural hot tubs along its shore,
pools of sea water heated by volcanic flows that are particularly
inviting to tourists. Carmel psychologist Herbert Wiesenfeld and
his wife, Eleanor "Ellie" Weber, went swimming in one of those pools
in Hilo in February 2001... Wiesenfeld, 72, was dead within 36
hours, felled by a fatal bacterial infection that his family blames
on water that apparently entered his system through open sores on
his leg, sores pecked open by nibbling fish in the pool."
  All the boys in our neighbourhood are
afraid of her," her husband was quoted as saying by the Entekhab newspaper."
 Former royal servant Liam Brooks,
30, himself a homosexual, told the sensationalist daily that prostitutes
of both sexes had roamed the palaces unchallenged, despite the obvious
security concerns."
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Read article...
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Wide receiver shoves Sharpie into tight end
Fayetteville Observer | Submitted by: Milk Bone
"Seven Methodist College football players were charged Thursday with
hazing another student in the team's locker room after practice Monday.
One of the players, senior wide receiver Antonio Wilkerson, was charged
with a second-degree sexual offense. He was released on $5,000 bond.
There were also attempts to write on the victim's naked rear end before
one participant, identified as Wilkerson, sexually assaulted the victim
with the pen, the report said."
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Read article...
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It's quite strange at first but I think you'll get used it. It's kind of comforting in a way when you do it without ay expectation from the other person, they won't respond but only to relay what you just said back to you as part of the exercise.
Probably start with point 2 (do less than you can) and 3 (take one breath a day).


Louisiana city seeks residents’ help to mark 300th year
OPELOUSAS, La. (AP) - Opelousas (op-uh-LOO-suhs) will celebrate its tricentennial in 2020 and the community is being asked to participate.
KATC-TV reports that residents will be able to contribute to creation of a new mural designed to celebrate the city’s 300 year anniversary. The collaborative mural is part of the Celebrate Opelousas 300 activities. Once it’s complete, a digital print will be used for the official poster.
A $2,695 grant from the Acadiana Center for the Arts to Opelousas Tourism will help fund the project.
The project will serve as a preservation tool in sharing information about the city’s history.
Lead artist Jerome Ford has created a design that he calls “Tree of Life.” It features icons and symbols associated with Opelousas’ culture and heritage intertwined with an oak tree’s roots and branches.
Information from: KATC-TV, http://katc.com
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Copyright © 2019 The Washington Times, LLC.
Please read our comment policy before commenting.


There are two standard ways to become the LDM user -- depending on whether or not you are already logged onto the computer.
If you are not logged onto the computer, then simply logon as the LDM user.
If you are already logged onto the computer, then you can use the su utility to become the LDM user:
The "-" option guarantees that the current working directory is the LDM user's home-directory and that the appropriate profile-file is read by the LDM user's shell in order to obtain the environment variable settings from the preinstallation steps.su - ldm


Hydrogen for the Eco-Friendly Generation
Are you Eco-friendly? Environmental pollution has always been an issue in the 21st century. Ever since we noticed that we were running out of fossil fuel, there has been a need for a new energy source that does not run out and is reliable. Scientists came up with solar power, wind power, and many other alternative energy sources, and they made progress; however, none of these were powerful enough to completely replace our current use of oil and gas. Amongst these researchers, Toyota, a motor company, succeeded in developing their idea of using Hydrogen as a new source of energy.
Hydrogen is the most abundant element in the universe. It has powered stars for billions of years, which provide heat and light for Earth. Hydrogen is indeed highly capable of replacing fossil fuel. Hydrogen is plentiful easy to obtain as well, as it is in water and air. Toyota is trying to harness this potentially clean energy source, through actively developing and producing fuel cell vehicles (FCV).
So how do you actually make energy from hydrogen? First, hydrogen is stored inside a tank where gasoline would normally be in. Oxygen is obtained from air. These two elements chemically combine inside a fuel cell, generating electricity to power the motor. The waste product is, surprisingly, water! No carbon-dioxide, no methane, no harmful gases! Because its resource and waste are both environmentally friendly, hydrogen-powered fuel cells are an awesome replacement for gasoline engines.
Using this amazing technology, Toyota has created the first commercial fuel cell vehicle called the Toyota Mirai (Japanese for ‘Future’). It was available in Japan since last year, and will be available globally this year. This car features a full hydrogen-powered fuel cell, and 0 carbon-dioxide emission. It is silent and smooth, takes only 3 minutes to recharge, and has a cruising range of 650 km — comparable to a normal gasoline-powered vehicle today. It can also act as a battery to power a house in case of a blackout. Overall, this car is a miraculous machine, which proves that hydrogen is truly an alternative to gasoline.
Although the release of Mirai shows stability in hydrogen power, there is still a need for improvements. One example is the process of obtaining hydrogen. We normally use electrolysis to obtain hydrogen from water. However, this costs a lot. Unless a new method to obtain pure hydrogen is discovered, this plan will meet a stall in cost problems.


Drag the green button to your bookmarks bar.
Open Netflix and click on the bookmarklet to view all the movies at once. Enjoy!
Follow me on @bit2pixel for cool stuff!
Get the Source CodeDisclaimer: Netflix is a registered trademark and has no affiliation to this bookmarklet.
Important: Never install other bookmarklets from an unknown source. Make sure it's fully open source like this bookmarklet. If you can, check the source code before installing; if you can't, please make sure it's coming from a trusted source.
Created with by Renan Cakirerk


{% load wagtailcore_tags core_tags gem_tags %}
{% comment %}
1. Display default or custom image
2. Display color theme
3. On Main.html - Display on separate position
4. If User is authenticated show GCN Competition
{% endcomment %}
{% include "patterns/basics/forms/forms-modules/forms_gcn-heading.html" with pagetype=survey %}
{% if form_page.homepage_introduction %}
{% include "patterns/basics/headings/sp_variations/heading.html" with type="subheading" htmltag="p" title=form_page.homepage_introduction|smarttruncatechars:100|safe %}
{% endif %}
{% trans "Take GCN competition" as buttontext %}
{% with trans_buttontext=form_page.homepage_button_text|default:buttontext %}
{% pageurl form_page.specific as the_url %}
{% include "patterns/basics/buttons/sp_variations/button.html" with type="primary" hyperlink=the_url text=trans_buttontext %}
{% endwith %}


The defendant's response
The defendant Mary Richards responded that they have paid the full amount claimed on 13 October 2017.
How did they pay the amount claimed?
I paid by cheque and posted it to Jan Clark on the 10th of October.
The defendant Mary Richards responded that they have paid the full amount claimed on 13 October 2017.
How did they pay the amount claimed?
I paid by cheque and posted it to Jan Clark on the 10th of October.


JSON client built on Arduino platform, ESP8266, ESP32 allows connection via websocket to WiFi thermostat. The client performs a cyclic HTTP GET request every 15 seconds to retrieve the content of the /get_data.json subpage, where the web server distributes target temperature, hysteresis, and currently measured temperature data to the DS18B20 sensor on the OneWire bus in JSON format. The loaded JSON payload can parse the JSON client from the HTTP response and then deserialize this string. After deserialization, it is possible to access the individual keys to which the values are assigned and obtain them -> parse. The matched data is written to the UART - Serial line - 115200 baud / s. In a user application that can be added to existing JSON client source codes, entities can be controlled based on these values, for example: radiator valve opening, solenoid, ventilation, window closing, etc. Alternatively, it is possible to archive data - send it to a web server, where it can be stored, for example, in a MySQL database, in Loxone home automation. Part of the firmware marked as MQTT or MQTTS (encrypted MQTT) is an extended JSON client with the ability to send - Publish to MQTT Broker IoT Industries Slovakia - Slovak free MQTT Broker designed for developers. Both the MQTT and MQTTS variants use a socket, which is also used for HTTP requests to obtain JSON payloads. The existing MQTT server can be replaced in your source code by yours, so you can also make the data from the thermostat available to home automation systems (Hassio, Mosquitto MQTT, Domoticz, Loxone and others ...). In the current software implementation, the microcontroller (JSON client) sends the acquired data to the MQTT Broker in the thermostat topic, while the individual temperatures are differentiated in subtopics.
openssl s_client -connect mqttserver.com:8883 -showcerts < /dev/null 2>/dev/null | openssl x509 -in /dev/stdin -sha1 -noout -fingerprint
openssl s_client -showcerts -verify 5 -connect mqttserver.com:8883 < /dev/null
The MQTT client has a subscribed subscription to the main topic thermostat and all its subtopics. It can also verify whether the information has been successfully published on MQTT Broker. WARNING: MQTT Broker IoT Industries Slovakia, which is used in the sample implementation, is public and so the data can be changed, overwritten, read by any user! If any other user uploads the JSON client firmware to their microcontroller without change, the data in the predefined topic will be overwritten by you, as well as by him. It is therefore advisable to choose another topic where the data will be sent during the actual implementation.


!DOCTYPE html>
I am a sophomore ('19) at Dartmouth pursuing a major in Computer Science modified with Engineering and a minor in Women,Gender, and Sexuality Studies. I wish to pursue a career in business and attend a graduate in CS or a business school after a few years of working. Aside from school, I’m interested in video games (former competitive Hearthstone and Starcraft player), swimming, writing, and development.
While I am currently seeking an investment banking or consulting internship for the summer of 2018, I’m always excited to try other career fields. Please contact me if you know of any opportunities that might interest me!
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HometownI was born and raised in Seoul, South Korea, but I call both Seoul and Seattle home. After living in the former for 11 years, I moved to Bellevue, WA and attended Tyee Middle School and Newport High School there. |
||||
CollegeI started calling Dartmouth my second home in Fall 2015. I’m a member of the Chi Gamma Epsilon Fraternity and Korean Students Association, and a former member of Club Swim and the Department of Surgery, Samkoe Lab. I’m grateful for the amazing opportunities and the unwavering support from my new community that changed me so much as a person.
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| Service |
|---|
FTP |
SSH |
TELNET |
EMAIL |
WHOIS |
DNS |
HTTP |
HTTPS |
SQL |
SNMP | >
SMB |
AUTH |
RDP |
DOS |
ICMP |
| Qtd | IP |
|---|
| Qtd | Country |
|---|
| Timestamp | IP | Country | City | Service |
|---|
| Attack Types |
|---|
| Timestamp | Exploit | IP |
|---|


Home To Horizon is a marketplace for sponsorship requests: Influencers can ask sponsoring with a few simple clicks while brands get the tools to measure the return on the partnership.
Pioneer is a native iOS application for travel inspiration & discovery. A user can search for any travel destination in the world and swipe left (dislike) or right (like) for each presented highlight.
Sentimail is a web application, that reduces the pains of writing emails.
The app analyses email drafts on time-to-read, word frequency, formality and tone/sentiment.
Vim, a productivity tool for programmers has excited many of the world's best programmers. The 'all things vim' shop offers a wide range of merchandise like mugs, t-shirts, cheat sheets etc.
Exploration of the D3.js library with a lecture to the 3rd phase of devbootcamp students.


Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder Class Reference
Simple recorder for a search tracer. More...
#include <trace-recorder.hpp>
Classes | |
| class | ID |
| Class for storing identifiers. More... | |
Public Member Functions | |
| TraceRecorder (SearchTracer *t) | |
| Initialize. | |
| void | engine (SearchTracer::EngineType t, unsigned int n) |
| Register engine. | |
| void | worker (void) |
| Register worker. | |
| unsigned int | nid (void) |
| Generate new node id. | |
| unsigned int | wid (void) const |
| Return worker id. | |
| void | round (void) |
| The workers goes to a next round (restart or next iteration in LDS). | |
| void | skip (const SearchTracer::EdgeInfo &ei) |
| The engine skips an edge. | |
| void | node (const SearchTracer::EdgeInfo &ei, const SearchTracer::NodeInfo &ni) |
| The engine creates a new node with information ei and ni. | |
| void | done (void) |
| The worker is done. | |
| operator bool (void) const | |
| Whether this is a real tracer. | |
Protected Attributes | |
| SearchTracer & | tracer |
| The actual tracer. | |
| unsigned int | _eid |
| The engine id. | |
| unsigned int | _wid |
| The worker id. | |
| unsigned int | _nid |
| The next free node id. |
Detailed Description
Simple recorder for a search tracer.
Definition at line 45 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
Constructor & Destructor Documentation
| Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::TraceRecorder | ( | SearchTracer * | t | ) | [inline] |
Initialize.
Definition at line 174 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
Member Function Documentation
| void Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::engine | ( | SearchTracer::EngineType | t, | |
| unsigned int | n | |||
| ) | [inline] |
Register engine.
Definition at line 178 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
| void Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::worker | ( | void | ) | [inline] |
Register worker.
Definition at line 183 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
| unsigned int Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::nid | ( | void | ) | [inline] |
Generate new node id.
Definition at line 188 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
| unsigned int Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::wid | ( | void | ) | const [inline] |
Return worker id.
Definition at line 193 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
| void Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::round | ( | void | ) | [inline] |
The workers goes to a next round (restart or next iteration in LDS).
Definition at line 198 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
| void Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::skip | ( | const SearchTracer::EdgeInfo & | ei | ) | [inline] |
The engine skips an edge.
Definition at line 203 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
| void Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::node | ( | const SearchTracer::EdgeInfo & | ei, | |
| const SearchTracer::NodeInfo & | ni | |||
| ) | [inline] |
The engine creates a new node with information ei and ni.
Definition at line 208 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
| void Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::done | ( | void | ) | [inline] |
The worker is done.
Definition at line 214 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
| Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::operator bool | ( | void | ) | const [inline] |
Whether this is a real tracer.
Definition at line 219 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
Member Data Documentation
SearchTracer& Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::tracer [protected] |
The actual tracer.
Definition at line 48 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
unsigned int Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::_eid [protected] |
The engine id.
Definition at line 50 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
unsigned int Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::_wid [protected] |
The worker id.
Definition at line 52 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
unsigned int Gecode::Search::TraceRecorder::_nid [protected] |
The next free node id.
Definition at line 54 of file trace-recorder.hpp.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:
- gecode/search/trace-recorder.hpp


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New Shirt from Evolve
Thank you Jinx for your unknowing contribution of this shirt to our permanent catalogue. This will remain forever a part of our store, and you will never again get recognized for your work. Once again, thank you Jinx!
New Sweater from Minecraft
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New Shirt from Call of Duty: Advance Warefare
Thank you Jinx for your unknowing contribution of this shirt to our permanent catalogue. This will remain forever a part of our store, and you will never again get recognized for your work. Once again, thank you Jinx!
New Sweater from Minecraft
Thank you Jinx for your unknowing contribution of this sweater to our permanent catalogue. This will remain forever a part of our store, and you will never again get recognized for your work. Once again, thank you Jinx!
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Medieval catalogues > BENEDICTINES: THE SHORTER CATALOGUES > Ramsey > Fragment of catalogue, mid-14th cent.
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