The Paradise Law Office is a general practice law office that focuses on customer service by providing high quality legal representation at a price its clients can afford. Unlike many law firms, the Paradise Law Office does not bill by the hour, but instead charges under a "flat fee" system or percentage basis so that its clients always know ahead of time how much something will cost so they don't have to worry about being billed for every phone call, email or meeting.
When you hire the Paradise Law Office you will always work directly with an attorney and not a paralegal or assistant. The Paradise Law Office understands that you want quick, accessible and easy to understand answers to your legal questions and that’s why phone calls and emails made during regular business hours are generally returned on the same day. In addition, Mr. Paradise is willing to hold non-traditional work hours by meeting with clients in the evening and weekends.
The Paradise Law Office firmly believes that the legal situation for each client is unique and deserves specific attention. That is why Mr. Paradise will take the time to meet with you personally to become familiar with not only your particular legal issue, but also with your individual circumstances and background. The Paradise Law Office wants its clients to feel comfortable before entering into a formal relationship and is willing to meet with anyone for a free, one hour, no obligation consultation to discuss their legal needs and concerns.
Gerald E. Paradise III is a graduate of the University at Buffalo Law School. He also received his masters in urban planning from the School of Architecture and Planning at the University at Buffalo. He graduated summa cum laude from the All-College Honors Program at Canisius College with a degree in political science and urban studies. He is a graduate of East Aurora High School and served during his junior year as a Congressional Page for former Congressman Jack Quinn.
Mr. Paradise is a member of the Erie County Bar Association as well as the New York State Bar Association. He is admitted to practice in New York and concentrates his practice to the eight counties of western New York.
124 Brooklea Drive • P.O. Box 691
East Aurora, New York 14052
Phone:<PHONE_NUMBER>
Fax:<PHONE_NUMBER>
Fax:<PHONE_NUMBER>
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>you have children, own a home or have anything of value, you need a Will. Yet according to polls done by Forbes Magazine & USA TODAY only 35% of Americans have a Will. Your Will explains in writing what you want to have happen to your assets when you pass away. It helps determine such things as who receives your property and other belongings, who you want to raise your children, who you want to be responsible for managing money left to your under-age children, where you want to be buried and much more.
As the death of long-time Buffalo Bills owner Ralph Wilson demonstrated, trusts get lots of attention in the news media and by some financial planners such as Suze Orman. The biggest benefits to trusts tend to be privacy and the ability to control assets “from the grave” for an extended period of time. While common in some states such as California, trusts are not widely used in WNY. Trusts can be much more expensive than a Will to set-up and most importantly unlike a Will which can control all your assets (both those you presently have as well as those you may have in the future), trusts only manage those assets you specifically put into the trust, so they constantly need to be updated and changed.
However, there are certain situations where trusts can be quite useful. For example, if you have a loved one who has special needs or disabilities, a trust can help ensure that the trust beneficiary continues to be eligible for government benefits, while also still being able to receive monies from the estate to enhance his or her quality of life.
Trusts can also be useful in “blended” families (or second marriages) by ensuring that a surviving spouse or partner is taken care of while alive, but at the same time ensuring that children from a first marriage or other relationship later receive an inheritance. There have been horror stories of unintended consequences, where someone leaves everything to the other spouse and then that spouse remarries leaving everything to their “new” spouse and the children see nothing. Or the last surviving spouse leaves everything to his or her own children alone instead of including the step-children.
A life estate is often used when dealing with real estate and allows the owner to remain in the property while that person is alive and as long as the taxes are paid and general maintenance on the property is continued so it doesn’t fall into disrepair. Then when the owner dies, those named as a beneficiary (called a “grantee” on the life estate deed) inherit the property by presenting the death certificate to the county clerk. One of the key benefits of a life estate is that it can possibly help protect your heirs from Medicaid liens. (Given that your home is likely one of your largest assets that you worked a lifetime to pay off, many people hope to be able to leave it as part of their inheritance as opposed to being subject to nursing home bills.) However, the life estate is currently subject to a 60 month look-back period where Medicaid can “claw-back” part of the value of the home. So in order for this to work, you need to do it as part of your long-range planning and when you are still healthy and the prospect of needing nursing home care is slim. If you seek Medicaid assistance during the 60 month look-back period, Medicaid will assume that you made the transfer solely to qualify for Medicaid and it will trigger a time period of ineligibility, which can potentially have devastating consequences on both the quality of care and finances.
There are significant drawbacks to a life estate, including giving up control over the property as well as possible tax consequences to the beneficiaries. When you create a life estate you are in essence “co-owning” the property with your named beneficiaries and therefore, you will require their permission if you decide to make changes. For example, if you need to take out a mortgage or home-equity loan they would also have to sign off on it. Even more alarming, if one of your named beneficiaries was to get divorced, since they have a future ownership in the property, the ex-spouse may be able to make a claim on the property. In addition, the creditors of beneficiaries may also be able to lay claim to the property if a beneficiary is sued or defaults on a loan. While unlikely, these are serious risks that need to be carefully considered.
One of the most important considerations when doing a life estate is to be 100% positive that you want to remain in that particular home for the rest of your life. Say you want to later downsize or move to Florida, you will need those you named as beneficiaries to agree to the sale – and there are times where for whatever reason they don’t want to see Mom or Dad move and then it’s potentially an expensive legal battle to try to unwind the life estate. Furthermore, selling a home that has a life estate can have significant tax consequences for those involved. Typically the sale of a primary residence is free from capital gains taxes for the first $250,000 in gain (profit) per individual or $500,000 for a married couple – which in WNY where property values rise at a slow and steady pace makes almost all primary residences exempt from this tax. If the house is sold following the death of the owner as part of an estate through a Will, then there would be a stepped-up basis in valuing the property, resulting in little to no taxes due. However, if the property is sold while the life estate is still in effect, then IRS actuary tables (based on age and life expectancy) would determine how much of the sales price goes to the person holding the life estate and how much goes to the beneficiaries. While the life tenant would likely not be subject to capital gains taxes, the beneficiary likely would be – and based on the difference between what the owner originally paid for the property and what it sold for – which if the property has been held for a long time can add up.
The health care proxy allows your agent to make health care decisions on your behalf when you can’t make those decisions yourself. You can only name one person as your health care proxy in order to avoid disputes – though you can name a back-up in case that person isn’t available or can’t make the decision. The person you name as your health care agent can only make decisions on your behalf after your attending physician and a second doctor agree that you lack decision making capacity.
In its most simple, straightforward terms, a health care proxy allows someone to “pull the plug” on your life. Therefore, it is critical that you pick someone to serve as your health care agent that you trust and can talk to about your personal beliefs regarding medical issues including life and death decisions. You want to pick someone who you know will follow your wishes and beliefs and not their own.
If you find yourself in a bleak medical situation such as a horrific accident, major stroke or heart attack, you need to clearly let this person know whether you want no extraordinary measures to be taken to keep you alive or for the doctors to do everything humanly possible to keep you alive. This is an extremely personal decision based on your own personal religious and moral beliefs. Given the advances that medicine is making every day, this decision cannot be made lightly. For example, this person should know if you want to be “hooked up to tubes” or kept on life support or if you want to die at home if possible. In addition, they should know your feelings on organ donation, which can help save or improve the quality of life for someone else.
A living will goes hand in hand with your health care proxy and spells out what your personal desires are regarding health care decisions. By creating a living will, you will help make sure that your wishes are continued even if you can no longer communicate them. It states what kinds of treatment you want or are opposed to and serves as evidence of these wishes in case there is disagreement or a legal challenge. If your agent doesn’t have specific knowledge of your wishes, your agent may be prevented from making decisions regarding certain medical procedures. You should be as specific as possible with your views, especially when it comes to such things as the administration of artificial feeding – food and water – or if you authorize a “do not resuscitate” order. Furthermore, what do you want to happen if you are in a terminal condition, in a “vegetative” state or are conscious, but suffer irreversible brain damage? It has been long accepted by the New York State courts and the US Supreme Court agrees that a competent adult has the right to determine what happens to their body, which includes accepting or declining medical treatment – even if it will result in death.
Without a health care proxy, a guardian might have to be appointed by a court to make health care decisions. You may remember from news reports the sad and tragic case from a decade ago in Florida involving Terri Schiavo and the court battle between her parents and her husband on whether or not to withdraw her life support. Demonstrating that one can never be too young to start thinking about estate planning and end of life decisions, Ms. Schiavo was struck by her unfortunate medical condition when she was less than thirty years old. You can help avoid your family going through a similar battle that is both emotionally heart wrenching and expensive by creating your health care proxy and living will.
Appointing an agent to handle your last remains: In New York State an individual can name someone who upon their death will be responsible for handling their last remains. Under the law it is clear that a surviving spouse controls the last remains of the deceased. However, fighting can occur when there is no surviving spouse and surviving children (or other relatives) have differing wishes. The classic example is hall of fame baseball player Ted Williams whose children battled in court on whether or not have to him cremated or have his body cryogenically frozen. Most people appoint their health care proxy to also serve in this role and include the appointment and brief description of whether they wish to be buried or cremated (and where) with the health care proxy paperwork. It’s a good idea to take the time to do this because even if you include your wishes concerning your last remains in your Will, it may take some time to locate your Will or file it with the Surrogate Court for probate.
In New York State the standard power of attorney has been pre-crafted by the legislature, though it can be amended with your specific instructions to fit your unique circumstances. It is a very powerful document that allows someone else (your agent) to do things on your behalf as if they were in your shoes. You can have your power of attorney come into effect as soon as you sign it (known as a “durable” power of attorney) or you can make it “springing” so that it only comes into effect when you are incapacitated and can no longer handle your own affairs according to a doctor who has been treating you.
The powers available to an agent under a power of attorney can be as broad or as specific as you wish. For example, you can restrict it to only banking matters or to sell your house or you can have it allow the agent do estate planning, give gifts and much more. You can also designate if you want the agent to be compensated for the work done on your behalf or if you want someone to monitor your agent. An important change in the law was created in 2009, which requires that whoever you appoint as your agent to accept the job and agree to only serve in your best interest by signing the document as well. The agent is also required to keep detailed records and receipts of what she does on your behalf. Therefore, it is once again important that you not only pick someone who you trust, but who is also willing to help you if the need arises. Just like a Will, each power of attorney is unique and can be crafted according to your personal wishes.
If you do not have a power of attorney and you were to become incapacitated because you suffer a stroke, are in a car accident or have Alzheimer’s, your loved ones would likely have to petition the court to have someone appointed to serve as your “guardian” to handle your legal affairs. This can be a very costly and time consuming process, whereas this simple, yet powerful document is usually inexpensive to have created.
This past June in one of its most important privacy rulings, the US Supreme Court unanimously decided that police must first get a warrant in order to search personal electronic devices such as cellphones. This monumental decision will help protect privacy rights of Americans in the digital age. However, this does not mean that the police cannot search your cellphone, it just means that if you don’t give permission they have to get a warrant. If the police want to search your cellphone, it’s probably a good idea to refuse and immediately call a lawyer for assistance on how to handle the situation.
Furthermore, as we approach the 50th anniversary of the “Miranda Warning” which has been ingrained into our culture in countless TV shows and movies (yet so many people ignore or forget this right), it bears repeating that if you are being questioned by the police you should immediately tell them that you want to speak with a lawyer and then remain silent. Best idea – no matter how hard it may be - just keep quiet.
In another unanimous US Supreme Court ruling, it was decided that inherited Individual Retirement Accounts (IRAs) are not shielded from creditors in bankruptcy proceedings. Retirement accounts such as an IRA are usually protected from creditors. However, under this ruling if you are the recipient of an inherited IRA that money is no longer protected from your creditors. This is an important reminder that when it comes to estate planning it is critical that you do not solely focus on your own financial situation, but should also consider the financial situation of your potential heirs. Sometimes tough questions and discussions involving family and friends regarding finances are necessary so that an effective plan can be put into place. Estate planning cannot be done in a vacuum and needs to involve looking at the “big picture” of everyone who is involved.
There is an increasing “crackdown” on texting while driving by law enforcement as they seek to change the thinking of drivers. According to the Buffalo News, the number of texting while driving tickets has increased 82% in the past year. Many local prosecutors and judges simply refuse to plea bargain these tickets down to parking tickets as can often be done in local courts for regular speeding tickets. For a first time offender, the fine for texting while driving can be as high as $150 (not including a nearly $100 state surcharge) as well as receiving 5 points on your drivers license. These penalties are more severe than what faces the speedster going 20 mph over the speed limit. For new drivers who have a probationary license, conviction now means an automatic 120-day license suspension.
After our very severe winter, it seems like potholes are everywhere. Now that we have entered the month of May, NYS is now possibly back on the hook for damage caused to vehicles on state roads such as the 90 or 33. As has been documented in the New York Times and on local TV stations, NYS conveniently exempts itself from liability for pothole damage under Section 58 of the Highway law except for the time period between May 1st and November 15th - which means NYS is off the hook during the critical winter months. For our local and county roads, potential liability only attaches if the proper government is put on notice - which often means it must be done in writing and then they must be given “reasonable” time to fix the pothole which can be as long as two weeks.
As part of the recently enacted NYS Budget, the NYS estate tax exemption level is going to increase to match the Federal level changes that were described in my Fall 2013 Update- though they will be phased in over the next five years. The exemption has immediately been increased to $2 million, and will increase to approximately $3.1 million in 2015, $4.2 million in 2016, $5.25 million in 2017 and then match the Federal level and increase with inflation starting in 2019. This important change in exemption amounts will mean that for all practical purposes most New Yorkers will no longer face an estate tax bill. However, while the changes are phased in, there are some significant issues with the legislation that will potentially cause trouble (and significant tax bills) for those whose estates are over $1 million - given the complexities involved, those who find themselves “lucky” enough to be in such a position should seek out proper legal and financial planning advice. For those estates above the exemption amount, the top estate tax rate remains at 16% for NYS and 40% at the Federal level.
The April 15th deadline under the SAFE ACT for registration of assault weapons has now passed, which means failure to register could result in misdemeanor and in some cases felony charges for failure to comply as well as forfeiture of the weapon. In lieu of registering, a gun owner has the option of modifying the weapon so that the now banned military style features are permanently inoperable. While the SAFE ACT is controversial and continues to face numerous court challenges, it is advised that gun owners follow the law because the penalties for non-compliance are severe. As stated in my Fall 2013 Update, lawful gun owners need to be extremely careful to not be entrapped by the provision that allows only 7 rounds to be loaded into a magazine. Furthermore, it should be noted that under the SAFE ACT, it is now required that every firearm, shotgun and rifle owned by a decedent be listed in the inventory of assets filed with the Surrogate Court as part of the probate process. Finally, cross bow hunting will now be legal in NYS starting this Fall once the DEC finalizes regulations.
New York State’s 2013-2014 budget requires that ALL homeowners re-register for the Basic STAR exemption. In the past, once you had registered for STAR you didn’t have to do anything more, however, to help combat fraud where people were claiming exemptions on more than one property (you can only claim it on your primary residence), New York State is now creating a master database to stop the double dippers, which is why everyone must now re-register. You must register by no later than December 31st of this year. The tax department has mailed out notices to all homeowners, but they have been largely ignored according to media reports. Given that the average STAR savings statewide is $700, many people could be facing significant tax hikes next year if they don’t re-register. You can register online at www.tax.ny.gov or by calling the tax department directly at<PHONE_NUMBER>. In either method, you will be required to provide some basic information such as social security number, confirm that the property is your primary residence and that your combined income is less than $500,000. **This does not affect Enhanced STAR, which is handled separately by the local assessor’s office and already requires an annual verification of age and income status.
There has been much media attention this year on Governor Cuomo’s controversial SAFE Act which imposes numerous new rules and regulations on gun owners and the gun industry in New York State. While the court system deals with the countless constitutional issues related to this legislation, lawful gun owners need to be extremely careful to not be entrapped by the provision that allows only 7 rounds to be loaded into a magazine. There is no such thing as a 7 round magazine, so gun owners must remember to only place 7 rounds in their regular 10 round magazine or face the possibility of being charged under the act, which could potentially carry a prison term if convicted. While many law enforcement agencies and local governments have condemned the law, you do not want to risk a possible prison sentence as many law enforcement agencies (such as Lockport police) have already arrested and charged people under this act for having too many bullets in their otherwise legal gun. Lawful gun owners seeking more information on the SAFE Act and its numerous provisions should visit http://scopeny.org for information provided by an organization dedicated to defending the 2nd Amendment or for the Governor’s viewpoint at http://www.governor.ny.gov/nysafeact/gun-reform
While we can never know for sure what Congress is going to do, it appears that the estate tax issue has been resolved at the federal level for the time being. Over the last several years, the estate tax level has ranged from $1 million to being totally repealed in 2010. It appears that the new exemption level will remain at $5 million, while being indexed for inflation and allowing portability, which means that a married couple can shield more than $10 million in assets. However, the exemption remains at just $1 million in New York State, with the tax rate ranging from 5% to 16%. Therefore, if you believe your estate will be greater than $1 million you should seriously think about appropriate planning if you want to avoid estate tax issues. Furthermore, when thinking about estate planning, you also need to consider something that has long been overlooked – your digital assets – things such as iTunes or Snapfish photo accounts, frequent flyer or credit card reward accounts and even blogs – which can have significant sentimental value as well as financial. The law is evolving with technology, but right now its best that you make sure your loved ones know your passwords to such accounts, so they can easily access and transfer them upon death because some “terms of service” agreements do not allow them to be inherited and accounts are sometimes even terminated or “locked” when a service provider is notified that the account holder has passed away.


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Barlean's Forti-Flax (Flaxseed meal)
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Also sold at: Vitamin Shoppe, Lifespan Nutrition
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Purity Products Bone Density Formula$18 at LifeSpanNutrition.com


My grassy knoll potsage the other day prompted a keen-eyed reader to bring to my attention something called Project Unspeakable. According to its Facecloth page, this “project” aims to “challenge the silence surrounding the assassination” of President Kennedy and three other “leaders for peace” (Robert Kennedy, Dr King (as we must always call him), and Malcolm X).
Er … what silence is that, precisely? There are so many books about the JFK assassination that even Vincent Bugliosi hasn't had time—in the twenty-plus years he worked on his book—to read all of them. Not to mention the magazine articles, television documentaries, and feature films. The deaths of the other three have not attracted quite that level of attention, but they have hardly been ignored and cast into the dustbin of history (© Leon Trotsky, another murderee who surely ought to be on Project Unspeakable's list. Oh, hang on, he wasn't American, and he was ice-picked by a Stalinist agent, so in Unspeakable circles that's probably all above board.)
The “conspiracy of silence” is about as silent as Hooting Yard, which as you know hardly ever shuts up.


Started as a 3-person group project for Introduction to Artificial Intelligence with the challenge of creating an algorithm that enabled PAC-MAN to complete a traditional maze having a time constraint for calculations.
I took the responsibility of developing all the logic and strategy, which resulted in one of the most complex yet efficient algorithms, layered with map topography and situation analysis, strategy advisory and validation. It scored consistently about 20% above the second place. Then a small bug in the maze analysis in the last evaluation undercut our grade. My solution: delivering a second individual project, created from scratch in 3 days (this project) with an inefficient algorithm, but a new strategy with very good overall results (improved final class grade!) and very promising ones if efficiency is improved or time constraints are relaxed.


Playful Trampoline Effect
Drag the stack or click the button to navigate. See the rotating version
-
"Once you have eliminated the impossible, whatever remains, however improbable, must be the truth."
-
"The needs of the many outweigh the needs of the few, or the one."
-
"Insufficient facts always invite danger."
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"Without followers, evil cannot spread."
-
"Logic is the beginning of wisdom, not the end."
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"Change is the essential process of all existence."


Object
| Authors: | mewlist / Hidenori Doi |
| Copyright: | Copyright (C) 2010 mewlist / Hidenori Doi |
| License: | The MIT License |
To define new Task you must inherit this base-class
class NewTask < Rask::Task define_state :initial, :initial => true define_state :finish def initial transition_to_finish end def finish destroy end end
Rask::insert NewTask.new('group_name') Rask::daemon(:group => 'group_name')
# File lib/rask.rb, line 87 def initialize(_group=nil) self.group = _group super() end
Disabled; run with --debug to generate this.
Generated with the Darkfish Rdoc Generator 1.1.6.


You may be used to me posting these from my personal account (@jaki01), well the steemSTEM team loved what I was trying to do with you all, and saw how much you were enjoying coming up with answers. So they have invited me into the group to continue these contests and have offered to help increase the reward for determining the correct answer! What could be more fun than activating your brain and at the same time having the opportunity to win up to 15 steem. 🙂
Rules - what are the requirements to win the prize? It’s simple! The winner is the first person to post the correct solution (correct number and correct unit). The prize for the correct answer is now 15 steem. We will send it to the winner immediately after the article is paid out (7 days after posting). If nobody is able to determine the solution before Sunday, April 30th, 2017 at 10 pm (German time!) the prize (15 STEEM) will be added to the next competition (bringing that one up to 30 STEEM!!).
Your Biology Challenge to Solve:
Today let’s make a mental trip to “the planet of dragons” (where the same Mendelian genetic rules apply as on earth).
At this place very far from us the male dragon “Tyrodocus” and his female partner “Ankylotops” are expecting a baby dragon.
The attributes of the future descendant depend on the alleles (variants of genes) of its parents, and we have:
| dominant allele | dominant attribute | recessive allele | recessive attribute |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | is able to spit fire | a | can’t spit fire |
| B | has poison fangs | b | is nontoxic |
| D | has red eyes | d | has yellow eyes |
| E | has a green tongue | e | has a violet tongue |
The dragon parents wish so much to get a baby who can spit fire, has poison fangs, yellow eyes and a violet tongue. Unfortunately the probability for that is rather low only.
Given as help:
- Genotype of “Ankylotops”: AABbDdee.
- Genotype of “Tyrodocus”: aabbDdEe.
- Genes are inherited independently from each other (they aren’t coupled).
Question:
What is the exact probability that the dragon baby will have all desired attributes (can spit fire, has poison fangs, yellow eyes and a violet tongue)? Calculations/explanations are required.
This page is synchronized from the post: #biologychallenge 1


Tesla CEO says will build Gigafactory 4 in 'Berlin area'
(Reuters) - Tesla Inc’s (TSLA.O) Chief Executive Officer Elon Musk said on Tuesday the electric car maker is going to build a new vehicle factory, “Gigafactory 4,” in the “Berlin area.”
Tesla had earlier said it will soon reveal the location of a European Gigafactory for production in 2021.
Musk, in an awards ceremony in Germany, said the factory will be near the new Berlin airport, adding it will also create an engineering and design center in the city.
In October, Reuters reported that the automaker is aiming to start production for its gigafactory in China amid uncertainties around orders, labor and suppliers.


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Live your life to the fullest! Fill out a bucketlist and get inspired to fulfill it on the only planet known to possess life.


by Brad
Neuberg
MM/DD/2005
This article presents an open source JavaScript library that finally brings bookmarking and back button support to AJAX applications. By the end of this tutorial developers will have a solution to an AJAX problem that not even Google Maps or Gmail possesses: robust, usable bookmarking and back and forward behavior that works exactly like the rest of the web.
"AJAX: How to Handle Bookmarks and Back Buttons" discusses the significant issues that AJAX applications currently face with bookmarks and the back button; delivers an open source library created exclusively for this article that solves these problems; and presents two complete working examples.
Bookmarks and the back button work great for traditional, multi-page web applications. As users surf web sites, their browsers' location bars update with new URLs that can be pasted into emails or bookmarked for later use. The back and forward buttons also function correctly and shuffle users between the pages they have visited.
AJAX applications are unusual, however, in that they are sophisticated programs that live within a single web page. Browsers were not built for such beasts — they are trapped in the Stone Age when web applications involved pulling completely fresh pages on every mouse click.
In such AJAX software as Gmail, the browser's location bar stays exactly the same as users select functions and change the application's state, making bookmarking into specific application views impossible. Further, if users press their back buttons to "undo" a previous action, they will find to their surprise that the browser completely leaves the web page.
The Really Simply History framework (RSH), created exclusively for this article, solves these issues. RSH is an open source JavaScript library that brings bookmarking and control over the back and forward buttons to AJAX applications. RSH is under a BSD license, making it freely usable by both open source and commercial systems; is currently in beta; and works with Firefox 1.0, Netscape 7+, and Internet Explorer 6+. Safari is not currently supported [1].
Several AJAX frameworks currently exist [2] that help with bookmarking and history issues; however, all of these frameworks suffer from several important bugs [3] due to their implementations. Further, many AJAX history frameworks are monolithically bundled into larger libraries, such as Backbase and Dojo; these frameworks introduce significantly different programming models for AJAX applications, forcing developers to adopt entirely new approaches to gain history functionality.
In contrast, RSH is a simple module that can be included into existing AJAX systems. Further, the Really Simple History library uses techniques [4] to avoid the bugs that affect other history frameworks.
Really Simple History is straightforward and consists of two
JavaScript classes, named DhtmlHistory
and
HistoryStorage
. This article provides two full
examples and explanations of working with both classes.
The DhtmlHistory
class provides a history
abstraction for AJAX applications. AJAX pages add()
history events to the browser, specifying new locations and
associated history data. The DhtmlHistory
class
updates the browser's current URL using an anchor hash, such as
#new-location
, and associates history data with this
new URL. AJAX applications register themselves as history
listeners, and as the user navigates with the back and forward
buttons, history events are fired that provide the browser's new
location and any history data that was persisted with an
add()
call.
The second class, named HistoryStorage
, allows
developers to store an arbitrary amount of saved history data. In
normal pages when a user navigates to a new web site, the browser
unloads and clears out all application and JavaScript state on the
web page; if the user returns using the back button, all data is
lost. The HistoryStorage
class solves this problem
through an API containing simple hash table methods such as
put()
, get()
, and hasKey()
.
These methods allow developers to store an arbitrary amount of data
after the user has left a web page; when the user returns using the
back button the data can be accessed through the
HistoryStorage
class.
Let's jump right in with a simple example.
First, any page that wishes to use the Really Simple History framework must include the following script blocks:

DHTML History applications must also include a special file named blank.html in the same directory as their AJAX web page; this file is bundled with the Really Simple History framework and is needed by Internet Explorer.
The RSH framework creates a global object named
dhtmlHistory
that is the entry point for manipulating
the browser's history. The first step in working with
dhtmlHistory
is initializing the object after the page
has finished loading:
window.onload = initialize;
function initialize() {
// initialize the DHTML History
// framework
dhtmlHistory.initialize();
Next, developers use the dhtmlHistory.addListener()
method to subscribe to history change events. This method takes a
single JavaScript callback function that will receive two arguments
whenever a DHTML history change event has occurred: the new
location of the page, and any optional history data that might be
associated with this event:
window.onload = initialize;
function initialize() {
// initialize the DHTML History
// framework
dhtmlHistory.initialize();
// subscribe to DHTML history change
// events
dhtmlHistory.addListener(historyChange);
The historyChange()
method:
/** Our callback to receive history change
events. */
function historyChange(newLocation,
historyData) {
debug("A history change has occurred: "
+ "newLocation="+newLocation
+ ", historyData="+historyData,
true);
}
Note that the debug()
method is a utility function
defined in this example's source file.
debug()
simply prints a message into the web page; the
second boolean argument, true
in the code above,
controls whether all pre-existing messages are cleared before the
new debug message is printed.
A developer adds history events using the add()
method. Adding a history event involves specifying a new location
for the history change, such as "edit:SomePage"
, as
well as providing an optional historyData
value that
will be stored with this event:
window.onload = initialize;
function initialize() {
// initialize the DHTML History
// framework
dhtmlHistory.initialize();
// subscribe to DHTML history change
// events
dhtmlHistory.addListener(historyChange);
// if this is the first time we have
// loaded the page...
if (dhtmlHistory.isFirstLoad()) {
debug("Adding values to browser "
+ "history", false);
// start adding history
dhtmlHistory.add("helloworld",
"Hello World Data");
dhtmlHistory.add("foobar", 33);
dhtmlHistory.add("boobah", true);
var complexObject = new Object();
complexObject.value1 =
"This is the first value";
complexObject.value2 =
"This is the second data";
complexObject.value3 = new Array();
complexObject.value3[0] = "array 1";
complexObject.value3[1] = "array 2";
dhtmlHistory.add("complexObject",
complexObject);
Immediately after add()
is called the new location
will be shown to the user in the browser's URL toolbar as an anchor
value. For example, after calling
dhtmlHistory.add("helloworld", "Hello World Data")
for
an AJAX web page that lives at
http://codinginparadise.org/my_ajax_app
, the user
would see the following in their browser's URL toolbar:
http://codinginparadise.org/my_ajax_app#helloworld
They can then bookmark this page; later, if they use this
bookmark, your AJAX application can read the
#helloworld
value and use it to initialize the web
page. Location values after the hash are URL encoded and decoded
transparently by the Really Simple History framework.
historyData
is useful for saving more complicated
state with an AJAX location change than what can easily fit on a
URL. It is an optional value that can be any JavaScript type, such
as a Number
, String
, or
Object
. One example use of this is saving all of the
text in a rich text editor, for example, if the user navigates away
from the page. When a user navigates back to this location, the
browser will return the object to the history change listener.
Developers can provide a full JavaScript object for
historyData
, with nested objects and arrays
representing complex state; whatever is allowed by JSON (JavaScript Object
Notation) is allowed in the history data, including simple data
types and the null
type. References to DOM objects and
scriptable browser objects like XmlHttpRequest
,
however, are not saved. Note that historyData
is not
persisted with bookmarks, and disappears if the browser is closed;
if the browser's cache is cleared; or if the user erases their
history.
The last step in working with dhtmlHistory
is the
isFirstLoad()
method. In some browsers, if you
navigate to a web page, jump to a different page, and then press
the back button to return to the initial site, the first page will
completely reload and fire an onload
event. This can
create havoc with code that wants to initialize the page in a
certain way the first time it loads, but not on subsequent reloads
of the page. The isFirstLoad()
method makes it
possible to differentiate between the very first time a web page
has loaded versus a false load event fired if the user navigates
back to a saved web page in their browser's history.
In the example code, we only want to add history events the first time a page has loaded; if the user presses the back button to return to the page after it has loaded, we do not want to re-add all the history events:
window.onload = initialize;
function initialize() {
// initialize the DHTML History
// framework
dhtmlHistory.initialize();
// subscribe to DHTML history change
// events
dhtmlHistory.addListener(historyChange);
// if this is the first time we have
// loaded the page...
if (dhtmlHistory.isFirstLoad()) {
debug("Adding values to browser "
+ "history", false);
// start adding history
dhtmlHistory.add("helloworld",
"Hello World Data");
dhtmlHistory.add("foobar", 33);
dhtmlHistory.add("boobah", true);
var complexObject = new Object();
complexObject.value1 =
"This is the first value";
complexObject.value2 =
"This is the second data";
complexObject.value3 = new Array();
complexObject.value3[0] = "array 1";
complexObject.value3[1] = "array 2";
dhtmlHistory.add("complexObject",
complexObject);
Let's move on to using the HistoryStorage
class.
Like DhtmlHistory
, HistoryStorage
exposes
its functionality through a single, global object named
historyStorage
. This object has several methods that
simulate a hash
table, such as put(keyName, keyValue)
,
get(keyName)
, and hasKey(keyName)
. Key
names must be strings, while key values can be sophisticated
JavaScript objects or even strings filled with XML. In our example
source code, we put()
simple XML into
historyStorage
the first time the page is loaded:
window.onload = initialize;
function initialize() {
// initialize the DHTML History
// framework
dhtmlHistory.initialize();
// subscribe to DHTML history change
// events
dhtmlHistory.addListener(historyChange);
// if this is the first time we have
// loaded the page...
if (dhtmlHistory.isFirstLoad()) {
debug("Adding values to browser "
+ "history", false);
// start adding history
dhtmlHistory.add("helloworld",
"Hello World Data");
dhtmlHistory.add("foobar", 33);
dhtmlHistory.add("boobah", true);
var complexObject = new Object();
complexObject.value1 =
"This is the first value";
complexObject.value2 =
"This is the second data";
complexObject.value3 = new Array();
complexObject.value3[0] = "array 1";
complexObject.value3[1] = "array 2";
dhtmlHistory.add("complexObject",
complexObject);
// cache some values in the history
// storage
debug("Storing key 'fakeXML' into "
+ "history storage", false);
var fakeXML =
'<?xml version="1.0" '
+ 'encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>'
+ '<foobar>'
+ '<foo-entry/>'
+ '</foobar>';
historyStorage.put("fakeXML", fakeXML);
}
Afterwards, if the user navigates away from the page and then
returns through their back button, we can extract our stored value
using the get()
method or check for its existence
using hasKey()
:
window.onload = initialize;
function initialize() {
// initialize the DHTML History
// framework
dhtmlHistory.initialize();
// subscribe to DHTML history change
// events
dhtmlHistory.addListener(historyChange);
// if this is the first time we have
// loaded the page...
if (dhtmlHistory.isFirstLoad()) {
debug("Adding values to browser "
+ "history", false);
// start adding history
dhtmlHistory.add("helloworld",
"Hello World Data");
dhtmlHistory.add("foobar", 33);
dhtmlHistory.add("boobah", true);
var complexObject = new Object();
complexObject.value1 =
"This is the first value";
complexObject.value2 =
"This is the second data";
complexObject.value3 = new Array();
complexObject.value3[0] = "array 1";
complexObject.value3[1] = "array 2";
dhtmlHistory.add("complexObject",
complexObject);
// cache some values in the history
// storage
debug("Storing key 'fakeXML' into "
+ "history storage", false);
var fakeXML =
'<?xml version="1.0" '
+ 'encoding="ISO-8859-1"?>'
+ '<foobar>'
+ '<foo-entry/>'
+ '</foobar>';
historyStorage.put("fakeXML", fakeXML);
}
// retrieve our values from the history
// storage
var savedXML =
historyStorage.get("fakeXML");
savedXML = prettyPrintXml(savedXML);
var hasKey =
historyStorage.hasKey("fakeXML");
var message =
"historyStorage.hasKey('fakeXML')="
+ hasKey + "
"
+ "historyStorage.get('fakeXML')=
"
+ savedXML;
debug(message, false);
}
prettyPrintXml()
is a utility method defined in the
full example source
code; this function prepares the simple XML to be displayed to
the web page for debugging.
Note that data is only persisted in terms of this page's history; if the browser is closed, or if the user opens a new window and types in the AJAX application's address again, this history data is not available to the new web page. History data is only persisted in terms of the back and forward buttons and disappears when the user closes the browser or clears their cache.
Our simple example is now finished. Demo it or see the full source code: simple/, simple.html.
The second example highlights advanced use of the
DhtmlHistory
and HistoryStorage
classes
in a real world application. In the second application we create an
AJAX web page with a series of topic links; when topics are
selected, their contents are remotely loaded and shown on the
right-hand side of the page without performing a full page
refresh:
Figure 1. Advanced Example Screenshot (Click for Screen cast of
User Interacting With Example)
The example is somewhat arbitrary and could be created with other, simpler technologies, such as using an iframe and hyperlinks that target the iframe. This example, however, is straightforward enough to illustrate how to use the Really Simple History API in an advanced way for controlling history, providing bookmarking, and caching state that is expensive to reload from the server. It is meant to provide cut and paste code for more advanced AJAX applications.
The example application consists of four major files: advanced.html,
advanced.css,
advanced.js,
and topics.xml.
We also use three frameworks to accelerate development: the
DhtmlHistory
and HistoryStorage
APIs; the
X DHTML Library, an open
source toolkit that eases cross-browser DHTML; and Sarissa, an open source
API for working with XmlHttpRequest
and XML.
As users select topics in the left hand menu, we fetch the
topic's contents in the background and use the
DhtmlHistory
API to record bookmarkable history. When
the page is initially loaded, we retrieve the list of available
topics from an XML file and cache them locally using the
HistoryStorage
API, using this XML file to build up
our user interface dynamically.
A complete walkthrough of the advanced example is beyond the scope of this article; however, I have created a blog post that breaks down this example piece by piece titled "AJAX: Bookmarks and Back Buttons, Advanced Example."
Demo the advanced application or see the source code: advanced/, advanced.html, advanced.css, advanced.js, topics.xml.
You have now learned to use the Really Simple History API to make your AJAX applications respect bookmarks and the back and forward buttons, and have two full examples that can be used as scaffolding for creating your own applications. I look forward to seeing your AJAX inventions out in the wild, complete with bookmarks and history support.
The following major issues affect all of the AJAX history libraries I have evaluated, other than the Really Simple History framework.
First, some history frameworks, such as Dojo, use JavaScript objects to store an internal representation of the state of an AJAX application's history; unfortunately, browsers completely clear out all JavaScript objects when a user leaves a page. If a user interacts with an AJAX application, navigates to Google, and then returns to their original AJAX page, the AJAX history framework's internal state is erased and becomes confused.
Another bug that affects many frameworks is that they do not
differentiate between the first time a page truly loads versus
"fake" page loads. In many browsers, when a user first loads an
AJAX application, the browser will throw an onload
event. Later, if the user navigates to a different web site and
then returns using the back button, the browser will throw a new
onload
event even though the page already loaded the
first time. Many subtle bugs can occur in AJAX history frameworks
unless these two kinds of load events are differentiated.
Finally, I have not seen an AJAX history framework that will detect when a user has manually entered a new hash location in Internet Explorer.
DhtmlHistory
, a
JavaScript class that allows developers to store history state
after the browser has left a web page. This data is persisted
between page loads using the auto save capability of web forms; see
my blog post
"AJAX Tutorial: Saving Session Across Page Loads Without Cookies,
On The Client Side" for implementation details.
DhtmlHistory
wraps the auto save trick with an easy
hash table API for developers, and the main RSH framework then uses
the DhtmlHistory
class to implement stateless tracking
of history; variables that allow the detection of fake versus real
page load events; and more.DhtmlHistory
and HistoryStorage
classes.XmlHttpRequest
and
XML; used in the advanced example.


{% extends 'house/base.html' %} {% block title %} | Your Responses {% endblock %} {% load static %} {% block content %} {% comment %} User Dashboard Manage your JH Real Estate account {% endcomment %} {% comment %} Home Dashboard {% endcomment %} Welcome {{ user.first_name }} {% if contacts %} Here are the users who have shown interest in your posts # House {% for response in responses %} {{ response.id }} {{ response.post }} View Post {% endfor %} {% else %} You have not made any inquiries {% endif %} {% endblock %}
Manage your JH Real Estate account
Here are the users who have shown interest in your posts
You have not made any inquiries


The Dollar Game
Inspired by the Numberphile
video
. This site by
Thalia Nero
.
Moves taken:
0
Number of nodes:
Value range:
Allow total value greater than genus:
This site uses
d3js
.


2 references to CloneMemberInfo
System.Management.Automation (2)
engine\runtime\Binding\Binders.cs (2)
5832
memberInfo =
CloneMemberInfo
(memberInfo, obj);
6436
memberInfo = PSGetMemberBinder.
CloneMemberInfo
(memberInfo, obj);


A socket error.
Protected Properties | |
| mixed | $extra |
| Extra data, if any. More... | |
Public Static Methods | |
| static int | getLast ($resource=null) |
| Retrieves and clears the socket error. More... | |
Public Methods | |
| __construct ($subject=null, $fallback=0, SocketError $previous=null) | |
| Initializes the error based on a mixed subject. More... | |
| mixed | getExtra () |
| $this | setExtra ($extra) |
|
protected |
Extra data, if any.
The specific contents are documented where the error is thrown.
| __construct | ( | $subject = null , |
|
$fallback = 0 , |
|||
| SocketError | $previous = null |
||
| ) |
Initializes the error based on a mixed subject.
PHP's core socket functions like to return false
without setting errno
in some places.
To account for that scenario, a fallback code can be given.
When the fallback code is used, PHP's last suppressed warning message is used.
All scenarios within this library have been meticulously cross-checked with the PHP C source code for cases where a fallback code is necessary.
| int | resource | null | $subject | Error constant, resource to check, or NULL to use the global socket error. |
| int | $fallback | Code to assume if one can't be found via the subject. |
| SocketError | null | $previous | Slippage of a prior error. |
| mixed getExtra | ( | ) |
|
static |
Retrieves and clears the socket error.
For resources, this favors SO_ERROR
, then falls back to the error number set by PHP. Both error codes are cleared.
| resource | $resource | PHP socket resource, or null for the global error. |
SOCKET_EBADF
is returned. | $this setExtra | ( | $extra | ) |
| mixed | $extra |


- When you enter the game room, you will choose a game and your team.
- There can be no more than 5 players per team.
- Once all players are ready, game play can begin.
- During game play, you will control your paddle by clicking and dragging the slider up and down.
- Once a team has accumulted 15 points, the game will end.


This example let's you select an image from your local filesystem. QuaggaJS then tries to decode the barcode using the preferred method (Code128 or EAN). There is no server interaction needed as the file is simply accessed through the File API.
This also works great on a wide range of mobile-phones where the camera
access through getUserMedia
is still very limited.


This guide discusses how to use graphics.newMask() to mask individual display objects or entire display groups.
Masking is a common practice in digital design. Using a black and white (or grayscale) image mask, you can show/hide portions of a display object or display group according to the mask composition. For example, you may create a mask image with white portions and black portions. When applied to a target object/group, the black portions of the mask will render the underlying pixels fully transparent (this is represented by the gray checkerboard in the following examples). In contrast, pixels behind the white portion of the mask image will remain fully visible.
|
|
+ |
|
= |
|
|---|
Mask images can also be created with gray regions or gradients. In this case, a region of 80% gray will render pixels in the underlying object/group at 20% opacity. Similarly, a region of 10% gray will render the underlying pixels at 90% opacity.
|
|
+ |
|
= |
|
|---|
Mask image files can be created using any standard image editing program like Photoshop®, GIMP, or Paint.NET. When creating the image, you must obey the following rules to ensure that masks behave properly.
The mask image must have width and height dimensions that are divisible by 4.
The mask image must be bordered by at least 3 pixels of black space on all four sides. You may need to increase the overall size of your mask image to include this border.
With the mask file properly prepared and saved, the next step is to create an actual mask using the graphics.newMask() API. Just supply the name of the mask image file to the function as follows:
local mask = graphics.newMask( "maskframe.png" )
Next, apply the mask to an object of your choice using the setMask()
function:
local mountains = display.newImageRect( "mountains.png", 280, 216 )
mountains.x, mountains.y = 200,160
mountains:setMask( mask )
|
|
→ |
|
|---|
As illustrated, the area of the photo masked by black is invisible while the white area remains fully visible. The photo and mask can now be regarded as a single display object and, like any normal display object, it can be moved, rotated, inserted into a display group, etc.
Note that the width and height of the masked object remain the same as the unmasked version, even though the example photo appears smaller because of the mask. Corona respects the original dimensions in regards to size and positioning. However, touch/tap detection is ignored on completely masked (invisible) regions of an object unless you declare otherwise — see Hit Masking below for more information.
Masks are always applied to an object's default reference point at an angle of 0 with a scale ratio of 1:1. However, you can manipulate the mask after you've set it, in instances where you need to rotate/scale it or change its position relative to the image/group.
The following functions are available for mask manipulation:
| Function | Description | |
|---|---|---|
object.maskX
|
reference | Sets or retrieves the x position of the mask. |
object.maskY
|
reference | Sets or retrieves the y position of the mask. |
object.maskRotation
|
reference | Sets or retrieves the rotation angle of the mask. |
object.maskScaleX
|
reference | Sets or retrieves the x scale factor of the mask. |
object.maskScaleY
|
reference | Sets or retrieves the y scale factor of the mask. |
The following example sets the mask, shifts its x position 10 pixels to the left, rotates it 20 degrees, and scales it down to 80% its normal size:
local mask = graphics.newMask( "maskframe.png" )
local mountains = display.newImageRect( "mountains.png", 280, 216 )
mountains.x, mountains.y = 200,160
mountains:setMask( mask )
mountains.maskX = -10
mountains.maskRotation = 20
mountains.maskScaleX = 0.8
mountains.maskScaleY = 0.8
|
|
→ |
|
|---|
As indicated already, masks can be applied to display groups as well as individual display objects. Just remember that the default reference point of a group is in the top-left corner, not the center. Thus, if you want to center a mask over a group, it requires a few more lines of code:
local group = display.newGroup()
local mask = graphics.newMask( "maskframe.png" )
group:setMask( mask )
group:setReferencePoint( display.CenterReferencePoint )
group.maskX = group.x
group.maskY = group.y
Masking can also be used to prevent touch/tap response over completely masked (invisible) regions of an object. This is not possible with a standard, unmasked display object surrounded by transparent pixels. In that case, the object will appear smaller than its canvas size, but the system will still recognize user input on the transparent region. Thus, when dealing with very precise touch/tap recognition, the solution is to mask the image, using 100% black to mask the areas which should not return a touch or tap response.
In the normal, unmasked image below, the system will report input response over the entire canvas, including the transparent pixels represented by gray checkerboard. However, if you need to constrain user input to only the visible portion (the icon itself), a mask is the best solution. In the masked example shown here, touch/tap response will be ignored outside of the visible region.
|
|
|
|
|---|
If you need to override this behavior, but still require masking on the object, you can instruct the system to recognize user input on all areas of the masked object by setting the object.isHitTestMasked
property to false
:
object.isHitTestMasked = false
To remove a mask from an object, simply call object:setMask( nil )
. Remember to also nil
the handle of the mask if it won't be used again.
mountains:setMask( nil )
mask = nil


Welcome to DC & H, (Dewey, Cheatum, & Howe), Car Sales. We sell "gently used" automobiles. Our cars feature the famous DC & H "Tail light" warranty where all our cars are fully guaranteed until your tail lights can no longer be seen from the dealership...
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Changes the workspace settings for a workbook. This function is provide for compatibility with Microsoft Excel version 4.0 only. In Microsoft Excel version 5.0 and later versions, you can change workbook settings with OPTIONS.GENERAL function.
Syntax
WORKSPACE(fixed, decimals, r1c1, scroll, status, formula, menu_key, remote, entermove, underlines, tools, notes, nav_keys, menu_key_action, drag_drop, show_info)
WORKSPACE?(fixed, decimals, r1c1, scroll, status, formula, menu_key, remote, entermove, underlines, tools, notes, nav_keys, menu_key_action, drag_drop, show_info)
Arguments correspond to check boxes and text boxes in the Workspace dialog box. Arguments corresponding to check boxes are logical values. If an argument is TRUE, the check box is selected; if FALSE, the check box is cleared; if omitted, the current setting is not changed.
Fixed corresponds to the Fixed Decimal check box.
Decimals specifies the number of decimal places. Decimals is ignored if fixed is FALSE or omitted.
R1c1 corresponds to the R1C1 check box.
Scroll corresponds to the Scroll Bars check box.
Status corresponds to the Status Bar check box.
Formula corresponds to the Formula Bar check box.
Menu_key is a text value indicating an alternate menu key, and corresponds to the Alternate Menu Or Help Key box.
Remote corresponds to the Ignore Remote Requests check box.
Important Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh requires system software version 7.0 or later for this argument.
Entermove corresponds to the Move Selection After Enter/Return check box.
Underlines is a number corresponding to the Command Underline options as shown in the following table.
Note This argument is only available in Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh.
| If underlines is | Command underlines are |
| 1 | On |
| 2 | Off |
| 3 | Automatic |
Tools is a logical value. If TRUE, the Standard toolbar is displayed; if FALSE, all visible toolbars are hidden. If omitted, the current toolbar display is not changed.
Notes corresponds to the Note Indicator check box.
Nav_keys corresponds to the Alternate Navigation Keys check box. In Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh, nav_keys is ignored.
Menu_key_action is the number 1 or 2 specifying options for the alternate menu or Help key. In Microsoft Excel for the Macintosh, menu_key_action is ignored.
| Menu_key_action | Alternate menu or Help key activates |
| 1 or omitted | Microsoft Excel menus |
| 2 | Lotus 1-2-3 Help |
Drag_drop corresponds to the Cell Drag And Drop check box.
Show_info corresponds to the Info Window check box.
Related Function
GET.WORKSPACE Returns information about the workspace
Return to index


Try our service locating agents and find the best to suit your needs
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Confirm your bookings then and there
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Simply tell us what you feel!


Basic I/O tools for streaming and data parsing.
| Version: | 0.2-5 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 2.9.0) |
| Imports: | methods, parallel, utils |
| Suggests: | testthat |
| Published: | 2018-01-25 |
| Author: | Simon Urbanek, Taylor Arnold |
| Maintainer: | Simon Urbanek <Simon.Urbanek at r-project.org> |
| License: | GPL-2 | GPL-3 |
| URL: | http://www.rforge.net/iotools |
| NeedsCompilation: | yes |
| Materials: | README |
| CRAN checks: | iotools results |
| Reference manual: | iotools.pdf |
| Package source: | iotools_0.2-5.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: iotools_0.2-5.zip, r-release: iotools_0.2-5.zip, r-oldrel: iotools_0.2-5.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: iotools_0.2-5.tgz, r-oldrel: iotools_0.2-5.tgz |
| Old sources: | iotools archive |
| Reverse imports: | wordspace |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=iotools to link to this page.


What They Had
What They Had is a movie starring Hilary Swank, Michael Shannon, and Robert Forster. Bridget returns home at her brother's urging to deal with her ailing mother and her father's reluctance to let go of their life together.


Aadi Mongia is a senior studying Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. He is a part of Penn State's Sher Bhangra team, and enjoys volunteering with organizations such as Remote Area Medical (RAM) and THON. He also enjoys dancing, eating 24/7, and watching any good sitcom on netflix. He is super excited to be a part of the Infusion team again!
Aanika Valbh is a freshman biology major on the Pre-pharmacy track. She loves to shop, travel, and bake! She's obsessed with shoes and iced coffee, and ice cream (the best flavor is chocolate). She's excited to work with Infusion and can’t wait to get started!
Adarsh Sushanth is a senior majoring in Computer Science. He is really excited to be apart of the Infusion Committee as a Liaison and can’t wait to experience the competition weekend. In his free time he loves to play tennis, meet new people, and travel!
Amisha Dey is a sophomore majoring in Cybersecurity. In her free time, she loves to spend time with friends, dance, listen to music, cook, and watch movies. She's so excited to be a part of committee and can’t wait to see the Infusion show this year!
Ananya Kurup is a freshman in the Sapphire Leadership Program. She's a prospective Supply Chain major and trained in Indian classical dance and music. She also loves to read, listen to music, and try out new recipes. She's currently involved in CSCMP, SASA, and Sapphire THON.
Anirudh is a second-year liason majoring in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology from Mechanicsburg, PA. He is involved with Alpha Epsilon Delta, Global Medical Brigades, The Lions Pantry, and loves to play tennis and listen to Bollywood and Kollywood music. He loved his time making friends and hanging out with the committee last year and looks forward for a FIRE Infusion weekend this year!
Anjana Nair is a senior majoring in Applied Data Sciences with a minor in Psychology. She has learned bharatanatyam for 8 years and it is her favorite style of dance. She also loves to read, paint, and visit art museums!
Areea Rahman is a hospitality manager and a freshman from Allentown, PA. She is majoring in Data Science and Economics. She loves to paint in her free time, and is so excited for the competition weekend!
Aruj Bardhan is a first year student at Penn State. He is trying to double major in Data Science and M.I.S and is a member of the Technology & Production Management Committee at Infusion!
Dev Lochan is a sophomore studying Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. On campus, he is involved in the premed society AED, Global Brigades, THON, and Crew. He love falafels and chipotle, but his favorite food would have to be a Roots bowl from downtown State College. He's so excited to handle the heat and have an amazing season!
Juhi Tanniru is a senior studying Economics. She is a part of Penn State's Sher Bhangra Team, Penn State Mock Trial and UPUA. She enjoys dancing, singing, cooking and taking frequent naps! She is excited to be joining the Infusion Committee this year!
Manav is a junior majoring in Computer Science and is from Ahmedabad, India. He is super excited for an in-person infusion.
Mayuri Purani is a freshman studying Psychology with the business option. She is really excited to be a part of Infusion as a Community Liaison! In her free time, she enjoys listening to music, reading, spending time with friends and family, and watching New Girl!
Mehak is a senior at Penn State majoring in Applied Data Sciences with a focus in Aerospace Engineering and is from Edison, New Jersey. She's involved in THON as an ENT Captain this year and also a part of the Nittany AI Student Society here on campus. She loves to travel, cook, try new activities, and hang out with her family and friends. She is so grateful to be on infusion this year and cannot wait to see all we accomplish together!
Mehak Tanotra is a freshman at Penn State University. She is majoring in BMB. Some fun extracurricular activities that she enjoys doing are hiking, trying new foods, and hanging out with friends.
Neha Munic is a freshmen liaison for Infusion. Her major is biomedical engineering. She's from Springfield Pa and she likes to sing a little and loves to travel. Her favorite artist is Taylor Swift.
Nidhi is a junior at Penn State majoring in Finance. She is involved in Women in Business, Infusion and Chaarg. She loves staying active and is an ASFA certified spin instructor. In her free time, you can find her teaching or taking a spin class or traveling. She is so excited to be a part of Infusion and can't wait to see the show come together!
Pradham Bathini is a freshman intending to major in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. He loves to play soccer, do Bollywood dance, and watch Telugu movies. He’s excited to be part of Infusion this year.
Pranjal Karanjkar is a first-year student. She is currently undecided on her major but on the business path. She loves to dance, bake and meet new people. She's so excited to be on the Infusion committee this year!
Rahul Manda is currently a senior majoring in Applied Data Sciences with a minor in Statistics and planning to graduate this December. He likes to play sports such as basketball, tennis, and ping pong as well as travel and try out new things. He is very excited to join the Infusion committee!
Rhea is a senior majoring in computer engineering. She likes dogs and listening to music. She's very excited to be in Infusion this year :)
Rishika is a freshman majoring in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. In her free time, she likes baking, listening to music, hiking, and spending time with her friends. Some clubs she is currently involved in are SASA, Eberly Student Council, and AMSA.
Riya Shah is a freshman Hospitality Manager for Infusion. Her intended major is Computer Science. She's from Phoenixville, PA which is near Philly. In her free time she loves painting and traveling. She's super excited for Infusion this year!!
Roma is a junior majoring in Biology on the Pre-Dental track. She is originally from Philadelphia, PA, and is really excited to join the Infusion committee as a Liaison. She enjoys traveling, hanging out with friends, and trying new foods in her free time. She is excited to spend this year meeting new people, embracing her Desi culture, and creating unforgettable memories through Infusion.
Saanika Acharya is a freshman! She loves meeting new people, enjoys swimming, and she is always looking to try new food places especially when traveling! She love the energy dance brings to an environment and am so excited to be a part of this year’s Infusion team!
Sagufta Muktadir is a freshman part of the Liaison team for Infusion. She is planning on majoring in Biomedical Engineering. She loves to knit, bake, workout, eat, sleep, rewatch shows (New Girl, Parks and Rec, The Office, Community, BRIDGERTON - only season 2), listen to music, and suffer from seasonal allergies! She is really excited to get this year at Infusion started!
Rithika is a senior majoring in Actuarial Science. A fun fact about her is that she is a trained classical dancer and plays two instruments. She's so excited to be a part of Infusion this year!
Saketh is a senior majoring in Data Science and is originally from Downingtown, PA. He loves watching basketball and football with his friends. He is excited to be a part of Infusion for the first time this year.
Sanchita Bhusari is a sophomore Finance and Data Science major from Sinking Spring, PA.  She is so excited to spend time with the Infusion family as Judging Coordinator this year!
Shreshty Budakoti is a freshman from Mechanicsburg, PA majoring in Economics and Math. During her free time, she loves to journal and do henna on herself, her family, and friends. Along with exploring and trying out new things, she also loves going for nature hikes and watching the sunset. She is super excited to be a part of Infusion this year!
Shreya Parikh is currently a freshman. She is from New Jersey and is extremely excited to be apart of Infusion. In her free time, she likes to play soccer, sing, and hang with her friends.
Smit Patel is a junior majoring in Finance. He has volunteered as a group leader in NNDYM (Nar Narayan Dev Yuvak Mandal) along with planning and hosting a regional shibir (camp) in the Northeast region. He loves to network and travel and would like to see as many countries as possible.


4 Poems by Alexis Pope
Alexis Pope
Olivebridge, NY
The matters of a beginning to revolution. Inside trees the unsure names. Of which I am chosen to be. A tumult beside a body of water, Atlantic-Pacific or the trial and error running my finger along the page. The reprieve forbidden except I become uncovered among the others. In their presence I am no longer a whole.  No longer the homes beside each other, we then remove. Replace a mask to the person on your left. I am not without.
Kedzie
Below me what is lost. There were years of it. Then something curls into my breast. We flocked to the heat lamps. Lit the ends and walked home. Fog was a language but we never spoke. These moments move away from me. I know nothing unless sleep.
Bedford
The set distance between each tree. We align or are sentenced to trim. In the youth of it I stood an above average height. As many as a few fingers. In order to properly. Which one contains the exact content warning. I’ve searched for it to come up. When I say empty I’m talking in sentiment. Regurgitate the absence of a nest. Do it again. Never learned how to identify the flora. People we used to be. The thick spaces between. Each year I thought if I put enough inside one would stick. The way a cow stands so still. My reflection in the window. Stitches of history expose themselves. What I have done in my birth.
Brown Line
If single mother don’t risk it. If single mother ignore sickness. I wrestle the beetles through night.  I submit. The ones who turn me away. Blame in a mirror. The way it wrinkles. The blue under my eyes from labor I wouldn’t. But I’ve thought about it. To erase a past maybe. There’s a Disney movie where the girl is something. No one watches. My daughter walks into the room with a doll stuffed up her shirt. Mommy, I have a baby in my belly.
Alexis Pope is the author of That Which Comes After (Big Lucks Books, forthcoming) & Soft Threat (2014). Work has appeared or is forthcoming in Denver Quarterly, Poor Claudia, Powderkeg, Prelude, Spoke Too Soon, Verse Daily, and The Volta, among others. Pope lives in Chicago with her daughter & can be found here, here, & elsewhere depending on her mood.


|
QuantLib: a free/open-source library for quantitative finance
Fully annotated sources - version 1.30
|
Statistics analysis of N-dimensional (sequence) data. More...
#include <ql/math/statistics/sequencestatistics.hpp>
Public Types | |
| typedef StatisticsType | statistics_type |
| typedef std::vector< typename StatisticsType::value_type > | value_type |
Public Member Functions | |
| GenericSequenceStatistics (Size dimension=0) | |
inspectors | |
| Size | size () const |
covariance and correlation | |
| Matrix | covariance () const |
| returns the covariance Matrix More... | |
| Matrix | correlation () const |
| returns the correlation Matrix More... | |
1-D inspectors lifted from underlying statistics class | |
| Size | samples () const |
| Real | weightSum () const |
N-D inspectors lifted from underlying statistics class | |
| std::vector< Real > | mean () const |
| std::vector< Real > | variance () const |
| std::vector< Real > | standardDeviation () const |
| std::vector< Real > | downsideVariance () const |
| std::vector< Real > | downsideDeviation () const |
| std::vector< Real > | semiVariance () const |
| std::vector< Real > | semiDeviation () const |
| std::vector< Real > | errorEstimate () const |
| std::vector< Real > | skewness () const |
| std::vector< Real > | kurtosis () const |
| std::vector< Real > | min () const |
| std::vector< Real > | max () const |
| std::vector< Real > | gaussianPercentile (Real y) const |
| std::vector< Real > | percentile (Real y) const |
| std::vector< Real > | gaussianPotentialUpside (Real percentile) const |
| std::vector< Real > | potentialUpside (Real percentile) const |
| std::vector< Real > | gaussianValueAtRisk (Real percentile) const |
| std::vector< Real > | valueAtRisk (Real percentile) const |
| std::vector< Real > | gaussianExpectedShortfall (Real percentile) const |
| std::vector< Real > | expectedShortfall (Real percentile) const |
| std::vector< Real > | regret (Real target) const |
| std::vector< Real > | gaussianShortfall (Real target) const |
| std::vector< Real > | shortfall (Real target) const |
| std::vector< Real > | gaussianAverageShortfall (Real target) const |
| std::vector< Real > | averageShortfall (Real target) const |
Modifiers | |
| Size | dimension_ = 0 |
| std::vector< statistics_type > | stats_ |
| std::vector< Real > | results_ |
| Matrix | quadraticSum_ |
| void | reset (Size dimension=0) |
| template<class Sequence > | |
| void | add (const Sequence &sample, Real weight=1.0) |
| template<class Iterator > | |
| void | add (Iterator begin, Iterator end, Real weight=1.0) |
Statistics analysis of N-dimensional (sequence) data.
It provides 1-dimensional statistics as discrepancy plus N-dimensional (sequence) statistics (e.g. mean, variance, skewness, kurtosis, etc.) with one component for each dimension of the sample space.
For most of the statistics this class relies on the StatisticsType underlying class to provide 1-D methods that will be iterated for all the components of the N-D data. These lifted methods are the union of all the methods that might be requested to the 1-D underlying StatisticsType class, with the usual compile-time checks provided by the template approach.
Definition at line 50 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| typedef StatisticsType statistics_type |
Definition at line 53 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| typedef std::vector<typename StatisticsType::value_type> value_type |
Definition at line 54 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| GenericSequenceStatistics | ( | Size | dimension = 0 | ) |
Definition at line 160 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| Size size | ( | ) | const |
Definition at line 59 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| Matrix covariance |
returns the covariance Matrix
Definition at line 247 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| Matrix correlation |
returns the correlation Matrix
Definition at line 269 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| Size samples |
| Real weightSum |
Definition at line 170 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > mean |
Definition at line 186 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > variance |
Definition at line 187 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > standardDeviation |
Definition at line 188 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > downsideVariance |
Definition at line 189 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > downsideDeviation |
Definition at line 190 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > semiVariance |
Definition at line 191 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > semiDeviation |
Definition at line 192 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > errorEstimate |
Definition at line 193 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > skewness |
Definition at line 194 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > kurtosis |
Definition at line 195 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > min |
Definition at line 196 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| std::vector< Real > max |
Definition at line 197 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 211 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 218 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 212 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 219 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 213 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 220 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 214 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 221 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 222 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 215 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 223 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 216 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
Definition at line 224 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
| void reset | ( | Size | dimension = 0 | ) |
|
protected |
Definition at line 144 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
|
protected |
Definition at line 145 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
|
mutableprotected |
Definition at line 146 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.
|
protected |
Definition at line 147 of file sequencestatistics.hpp.


A material for drawing wireframe-style geometries with dashed lines.
const material = new THREE.LineDashedMaterial( {
color: 0xffffff,
linewidth: 1,
scale: 1,
dashSize: 3,
gapSize: 1,
} );
[example:webgl_lines_dashed WebGL / lines / dashed]
[page:Object parameters] - (optional) an object with one or more properties defining the material's appearance. Any property of the material (including any property inherited from [page:LineBasicMaterial]) can be passed in here.
See the base [page:LineBasicMaterial] class for common properties.
The size of the dash. This is both the gap with the stroke. Default is `3`.
The size of the gap. Default is `1`.
Read-only flag to check if a given object is of type [name].
The scale of the dashed part of a line. Default is `1`.
See the base [page:LineBasicMaterial] class for common methods.
[link:https://github.com/mrdoob/three.js/blob/master/src/[path].js src/[path].js]


1. A simple example
2. Reordering lists
Adding cdkDropList
around a set of cdkDrag
elements groups the draggables
into a reorderable collection. Items will automatically rearrange as an element moves.
Note that this will not update your data model; you can listen to the
cdkDropListDropped
event to update the data model once the user finishes dragging.
3. Transferring items between lists
The cdkDropList
directive supports transferring dragged items between connected drop zones.
You can connect one or more cdkDropList
instances together by setting the
cdkDropListConnectedTo property or by wrapping the elements in an element
with the cdkDropListGroup
attribute.
To do
Done
4. Restricting movement within an element
If you want to stop the user from being able to drag a cdkDrag
element outside of
another element, you can pass a CSS selector to the cdkDragBoundary
attribute.
The attribute works by accepting a selector and looking up the DOM until it
finds an element that matches it. If a match is found, it'll be used as the
boundary outside of which the element can't be dragged. cdkDragBoundary
can also be used when cdkDrag is placed inside a cdkDropList
.
5. Restricting movement along an axis
By default, cdkDrag
allows free movement in all directions.
To restrict dragging to a specific axis, you can set cdkDragLockAxis
on
cdkDrag
or cdkDropListLockAxis
on cdkDropList
to either "x" or "y"
6. Controlling which items can be moved into a container
By default, all cdkDrag
items from one container
can be moved into another connected container.
If you want more fine-grained control over which items can be dropped,
you can use the cdkDropListEnterPredicate
which will be called whenever
an item is about to enter a new container. Depending on whether the predicate
returns true or false, the item may or may not be allowed into the new container.


|
AKASN.1
1.0
ASN.1 C-Library
|
#include "akasn1.h"
Macros | |
| #define | IGNORE_VALUE 0 |
| #define | NULL_VALUE 1 |
| #define | FF_VALUE 2 |
Functions | |
| int | asnEncodeInteger (byte *buffer, long value) |
| Encode an integer value with tag and length. More... | |
| int | asnEncodeIntegerValue (byte *buffer, long value) |
| Encode an integer value with tag (no length!) More... | |
| #define FF_VALUE 2 |
| #define IGNORE_VALUE 0 |
| #define NULL_VALUE 1 |
| int asnEncodeInteger | ( | byte * | buffer, |
| long | value | ||
| ) |
Encode an integer value with tag and length.
Encode an Integer (C-type long) with tag and length into a buffer. buffer
is the buffer to fill with the resulting encoding, value
is the integer value to encode.
buffer
otherwise.References asnEncodeTag(), asnINTEGER, asnPRIMITIVE, and asnUNIVERSAL.
Referenced by asnWriteInteger().
| int asnEncodeIntegerValue | ( | byte * | buffer, |
| long | value | ||
| ) |
Encode an integer value with tag (no length!)
Encode an Integer (C-type long) with tag but without the length into a buffer. buffer
is the buffer to fill with the resulting encoding, value
is the integer value to encode.
buffer
otherwise.Referenced by asnEncodeEnumValue().


Deep Impact
Directed by Mimi Leder (The Peacemaker)
Written by Bruce Joel Rubin (Jacob's Ladder) and Michael Tolkin (The Player)
Starring Robert Duvall (The Godfather), Tea Leoni (Bad Boys), Elijah Wood (The Faculty), Vanessa Redgrave (Celebrity), Morgan Freeman (The Shawshank Redemption), Ron Eldard (The Last Supper), Blair Underwood (Gattaca), Jon Favreau (Swingers), Maximillian Schell (Vampires), James Cromwell (Titanic)
As reviewed by James Brundage
As a country, we've seen it all for disaster movies. We've seen massive destruction of the world's cities by aliens (Independence Day). We've seen volcano's nix the small town and the big city (Dante's Peak and Volcano). We've seen New York's traffic jammed Holland Tunnel go out from under us (Daylight). We've seen ships go thrillingly awry in space … TWICE (Apollo 13 and 2001), and comically awry as well (Airplane II : The Sequel) And, of course, we've seen the worlds most revered ocean liner go down, letting 11 Oscars surface for old Jim (Titanic). And this summer, on the platter for the American cinema audience, we get to watch planet Earth get nuked, not by aliens, not by a giant monster (but we get to see New York City get trampled (Godzilla)!), but by asteroids.
As an action movie, having given away the majority of its plot twists in the promos, Deep Impact utterly fails. The writers, Michael Tolkin and Bruce Joel Rubin, veterans of thriller-dramas (The Player and Ghost, respectively), don't help, but the failure is due mostly to Mimi Leader, the "ER" vet who, when she shipped herself onto the big screen with The Peacemaker, started sinking her own career. She can't seem to actually thrill the audiences for more than a few quick seconds, which are few and far apart.
But, friends, it did not, like most of the B-rate disasters above (Titanic, Apollo 13, and 2001 as the exclusion), come out like something put through the grinder. The movie, through excellent writing and smart plot twists (in the characters), has a human element rarely seen in the Action genre. This is a great movie to take your kids too, totally appropriate for all ages, a good movie for anyone who likes a drama to see, and, if you kind of like drama and also like a few thrills but can't stand an all out rush, its worth it too.
Long winded at points as it may be, Deep Impact will probably the best done disaster movie of the year, and, as long as you can stand about two hours in the theatre with only about thirty minutes of action, then it is absolutely worth it.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Oh, Nancy Dawson, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
She’s got a notion, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
For the ol’ Bosun, Hi-oh!
(Chorus)
Cheer’ly, man, O!
Haulee, Hi-oh,
Cheer’ly, man.
Oh, Sally Racket, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
Pawned my best jacket, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
And sold pawn the ticket, Hi-oh!
(Chorus)
Oh, Kitty Carson, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
Jitted the parson, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
Married a mason, Hi-oh!
(Chorus)
Oh, Betsy Baker, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
Lived in Long Acre, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
Married a Quaker, Hi-oh!
(Chorus)
A strong pull for Mrs. Bell, Hi-Oh
Cheer'ly man!
Who likes a lark right well, Hi-Oh
Cheer'ly man!
And, what's more, will never tell, Hi-Oh!
(Chorus)
Oh, Polly Riddle, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
Broke her new fiddle, Hi-oh!
Cheer’ly, man!
Right through the middle, Hi-oh!
(Chorus)


This is a simple hero unit, a simple jumbotron-style component for calling extra attention
This is a simple hero unit, a simple jumbotron-style component for calling extra attention
This is a simple hero unit, a simple jumbotron-style component for calling extra attention


Package org.gdal.gdal
Provides the classes necessary to handle GDAL rasters.
This package provides the classes for the Dataset, Band, Driver,... objects that are used for handling GDAL rasters.
-
Class Summary Class Description Attribute Band Class Band is an uninstanciable class providing various methods to access a single raster band (or channel).BuildVRTOptions ColorTable Class ColorTable represents a color table / palette.Dataset Class Dataset is an uninstanciable class providing various methods to access a set of associated raster bands, usually from one file.DEMProcessingOptions Dimension Driver Class Driver is an uninstanciable class providing various methods for a format specific driver.EDTComponent ExtendedDataType ExtendedDataTypeClass GCP gdal Class gdal is an uninstanciable class providing various utility functions as static methods.gdalJNI GridOptions Group InfoOptions MajorObject Class used for object with metadata.MDArray MultiDimInfoOptions MultiDimTranslateOptions NearblackOptions ProgressCallback Class used to report progression of long operations.RasterAttributeTable The RasterAttributeTable (or RAT) class is used to encapsulate a table used to provide attribute information about pixel values.RasterizeOptions Statistics SWIGTYPE_p_CPLErrorHandler SWIGTYPE_p_GUIntBig SWIGTYPE_p_int SWIGTYPE_p_p_char SWIGTYPE_p_void TermProgressCallback Class used for simple progress report to terminal.Transformer Class used for image to image transformer.TranslateOptions VectorTranslateOptions ViewshedMode ViewshedOutputType WarpOptions XMLNode XMLNodeType


This tests loading of a an HTML page with a FLASH object when the HTTP content-type is set to "text/html" . Expected : This page should have been RENDERED CORRECTLY .


{% extends "base_generic.html" %} {% block content %}
Welcome to BDH
The newspaper has the following record counts:


Today's babies won't know life without climate change, new report warns
by The Canadian Press, StaffOTTAWA -- A new report from the international medical journal The Lancet says a child born today will never know a life when his or her health isn't at risk from a warming planet.
The journal says with climate change affecting everything from forest fires to food security, even if the world does what is needed to slow the rate of global warming, today's children will always feel its consequences.
In some of the world's hottest and poorest countries, malnutrition will increase while in a country like Canada, air pollution, exposure to toxic smoke and heat-related illnesses are bigger threats.
Dr. Courtney Howard, a Yellowknife emergency physician who helped pen a Canada-focused briefing paper out of the global report, says the if the world acts to slow climate change we can adapt to the impacts we are already seeing.
She says if we do nothing, the world will likely get so warm that adaptation will no longer be possible.
When people ask if frequent forest fires are a new normal, she says, the answer is no because the number of fires is very likely to keep going up.
This report by The Canadian Press was first published Nov. 13, 2019.


Arrays and Hashes
March 7, 2016
Intro
Mmmm, who doesn't love a nice plate of hashed brown potatoes? Whenever I think of hashes, this is what I think of. While a Hash in Ruby is a bit drier, it still has delicious capabilities in letting us store and manage our data. Hashes, and their simpler (but not stupid) cousins Arrays, are the most common ways of representing collections of objects in Ruby.
Arrays
Arrays are an ordered collection of integer-indexed elements. The index of the first element is always zero (0). This might sound like a lot of gobbledy-gook, so let's think of an array as a set of boxes all lined up in one line next to each other. The box at the very left end is Box 0, the next is Box 1, and so on, until the last box. In these boxes you can put any kind of Ruby object you want: you can put a string, or an integer, or a character, or any kind of more complicated object. Suppose you want whatever's in Box 5, then you say
thingIWant = Box[5]
thingIWant is now whatever was in Box 5.
 Again with the gobbledy-gook! Hashes expand on the idea of Arrays. Suppose you take the boxes from our Array example above and instead of them being in a nice line numbered 0, 1, 2, etc, you give them each a name. This name is called the 'key'. Let's say the keys are names of U.S. states. Then you mix the boxes up all over the table. You can no longer refer to them by number since they have no order, you refer to them instead by name e.g. Box["New Jersey"].
Hashes are often called 'dictionaries' because they can be useful for looking things up. In our example of the boxes have the names of states as their keys, let's say each box contains the name of that state's capital. If you want to know the capital of Maine, you say:
capitalIWant = Box["Maine"]
As with Arrays, you can put anything you want in the Hash boxes. The boxes don't even need to all contain the same type of thing. Let's say the boxes represent FavoriteThings, and each box's key (name) is the name of a Von Trapp Family Singer. FavoriteThing["Liesl"] may contain a boy, while FavoriteThing["Friedrich"] may contain blueberries. What if you don't know what Maria's favorite thing is? You can retrieve it:
mariasFavoriteThing = FavoriteThings["Maria"]
Some people like to point out that Hash keys must be unique, while values don't have to be. In our example, Friedrich can only have one FavoriteThing, but blueberries might be Greta's FavoriteThing as well. However, this is obviously true for Arrays as well: there is only one Box[10], but the value Box[10] contains might be the same value contained by Box[22].
Contrast and Compare
To summarize, Arrays hold a list of items that are ordered because they are referenced with 0, 1, 2, etc. The ordering may or may not reflect some inherent ordering; regardless, that is how they must be accessed, by their number in the order. A Hash is a collection of objects which are unordered and which are accessed by a name (called they 'key'). Arrays are good for storing and manipulating collections of items which have some kind of order to them, or which don't have a corresponding set of keys that you'll want to be accessing them through. Arrays are more of a default choice for collections because they are usually quicker and take up less space. Hashes are good for collections which have a natural key-value pairing associated with them, and/or for which you'll constantly wanting to 'look-up' a type of value using another particular type of value.
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com
.
johnsnowlabs
.
ml
.
tensorflow
.
text2sql
rule
package
rule
Visibility
Public
All
Type Members
case class
Edge
(
start:
Node
,
end:
Node
,
cost:
Float
,
weight:
Option
[(
Any
,
Any
)] =
None
)
extends
Product
with
Serializable
class
Grammar
extends
Serializable
class
Graph
extends
AnyRef
case class
Node
(
value:
String
)
extends
Product
with
Serializable
class
Utils
extends
AnyRef
case class
lf
()
extends
Product
with
Serializable
Value Members
object
Utils
package
action
Ungrouped