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E
e_
- Variable in class material.
Isotropic
Young's modulus of material.
e_
- Variable in class material.
Orthotropic
Young's modulus of material.
EditElement1
- Class in
dialogs.model
Class for Edit Element Model menu.
EditElement1(SolidMAT)
- Constructor for class dialogs.model.

EditNode1
- Class in
dialogs.model
Class for Edit Node Model menu.
EditNode1(SolidMAT)
- Constructor for class dialogs.model.
EditNode1
Builds dialog, builds child dialog, builds components, calls addComponent, sets layout and sets up listeners.
eFI_
- Static variable in class section.
Section
Static variable for the type of section.
EFICS
- Class in
section
Class for thin walled equal flanged i cross section.
EFICS(String, double, double, double, double)
- Constructor for class section.
EFICS
Creates thin walled equal flanged i cross sections.
eigenSystem_
- Static variable in class solver.
Solver
Static variable for the problem type of solver.
eigVal_
- Variable in class analysis.
LinearBuckling
Array storing the eigenvalues of analysis.
eigVal_
- Variable in class analysis.
Modal
Array storing the eigenvalues of analysis.
ElasticStrainInfo
- Class in
write
Class for writing elastic strains information to output file.
ElasticStrainInfo(int)
- Constructor for class write.
ElasticStrainInfo
Creates ElasticStrainInfo object.
elasticStrainInfo_
- Static variable in class write.
WriteManager
Static variable for the writing option.
elasticStrains1D_
- Static variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Static variable for the result option of drawing.
elasticStrains2D_
- Static variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Static variable for the result option of drawing.
elasticStrains3D_
- Static variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Static variable for the result option of drawing.
element
- package element
Element
- Class in
element
Class for element.
Element()
- Constructor for class element.
Element
Element0
- Class in
element
Class for Element0.
Element0(Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element0
Creates Element0 element.
element0_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element1
- Class in
element
Class for Element1.
Element1(Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element1
Creates Element1 element.
Element10
- Class in
element
Class for Element10.
Element10(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element10
Creates Element10 element.
element10_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element11
- Class in
element
Class for Element11.
Element11(Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element11
Creates Element11 element.
element11_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element12
- Class in
element
Class for Element12.
Element12(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element12
Creates Element12 element.
element12_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element13
- Class in
element
Class for Element13.
Element13(Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element13
Creates Element13 element.
element13_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element14
- Class in
element
Class for Element14.
Element14(Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element14
Creates Element14 element.
element14_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element15
- Class in
element
Class for Element15.
Element15(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element15
Creates Element2 element.
element15_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element16
- Class in
element
Class for Element16.
Element16(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element16
Creates Element16 element.
element16_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element17
- Class in
element
Class for Element17.
Element17(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element17
Creates Element17 element.
element17_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element18
- Class in
element
Class for Element18.
Element18(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element18
Creates Element18 element.
element18_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element19
- Class in
element
Class for Element19.
Element19(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element19
Creates Element19 element.
element19_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
element1_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
EditElement1
The element to be editted and the new element for replacement.
element1_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element1D
- Class in
element
Class for one dimensional elements.
Element1D()
- Constructor for class element.
Element1D
element1D_
- Variable in class write.
ElasticStrainInfo
Vector for storing one dimensional elements.
element1D_
- Variable in class write.
ElementDispInfo
Vector for storing one dimensional elements.
element1D_
- Variable in class write.
InternalForceInfo
Vector for storing one dimensional elements.
element1D_
- Variable in class write.
MisesStressInfo
Vector for storing one dimensional elements.
element1D_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStrainInfo
Vector for storing one dimensional elements.
element1D_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStressInfo
Vector for storing one dimensional elements.
element1D_
- Variable in class write.
SectionInfo
Vector for storing one dimensional elements.
element1D_
- Variable in class write.
StressInfo
Vector for storing one dimensional elements.
element1DDisplay_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
One dimensional elements and element related results drawer of visualizer.
element1DDisplay_
- Variable in class visualize.
PreVisualizer
One dimensional elements and element related objects drawer of visualizer.
element1DId_
- Variable in class write.
ElasticStrainInfo
Vector for storing ids of one dimensional elements.
element1DId_
- Variable in class write.
ElementDispInfo
Vector for storing ids of one dimensional elements.
element1DId_
- Variable in class write.
InternalForceInfo
Vector for storing ids of one dimensional elements.
element1DId_
- Variable in class write.
MisesStressInfo
Vector for storing ids of one dimensional elements.
element1DId_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStrainInfo
Vector for storing ids of one dimensional elements.
element1DId_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStressInfo
Vector for storing ids of one dimensional elements.
element1DId_
- Variable in class write.
SectionInfo
Vector for storing ids of one dimensional elements.
element1DId_
- Variable in class write.
StressInfo
Vector for storing ids of one dimensional elements.
Element2
- Class in
element
Class for Element2.
Element2(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element2
Creates Element2 element.
Element20
- Class in
element
Class for Element20.
Element20(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element20
Creates Element17 element.
element20_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element21
- Class in
element
Class for Element21.
Element21(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element21
Creates Element18 element.
element21_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element22
- Class in
element
Class for Element22.
Element22(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element22
Creates Element22 element.
element22_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element23
- Class in
element
Class for Element23.
Element23(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element23
Creates Element23 element.
element23_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element24
- Class in
element
Class for Element24.
Element24(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element24
Creates Element16 element.
element24_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element25
- Class in
element
Class for Element25.
Element25(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element25
Creates Element17 element.
element25_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element26
- Class in
element
Class for Element26.
Element26(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element26
Creates Element18 element.
element26_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element27
- Class in
element
Class for Element27.
Element27(Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element27
Creates Element27 element.
element27_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element28
- Class in
element
Class for Element28.
Element28(Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element28
Creates Element28 element.
element28_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element29
- Class in
element
Class for Element29.
Element29(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element29
Creates Element29 element.
element29_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
element2_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element2D
- Class in
element
Class for two dimensional elements.
Element2D()
- Constructor for class element.
Element2D
element2D_
- Variable in class write.
ElasticStrainInfo
Vector for storing two dimensional elements.
element2D_
- Variable in class write.
ElementDispInfo
Vector for storing two dimensional elements.
element2D_
- Variable in class write.
InternalForceInfo
Vector for storing two dimensional elements.
element2D_
- Variable in class write.
MisesStressInfo
Vector for storing two dimensional elements.
element2D_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStrainInfo
Vector for storing two dimensional elements.
element2D_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStressInfo
Vector for storing two dimensional elements.
element2D_
- Variable in class write.
SectionInfo
Vector for storing two dimensional elements.
element2D_
- Variable in class write.
StressInfo
Vector for storing two dimensional elements.
element2DDisplay_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Two dimensional elements and element related results drawer of visualizer.
element2DDisplay_
- Variable in class visualize.
PreVisualizer
Two dimensional elements and element related objects drawer of visualizer.
element2DId_
- Variable in class write.
ElasticStrainInfo
Vector for storing ids of two dimensional elements.
element2DId_
- Variable in class write.
ElementDispInfo
Vector for storing ids of two dimensional elements.
element2DId_
- Variable in class write.
InternalForceInfo
Vector for storing ids of two dimensional elements.
element2DId_
- Variable in class write.
MisesStressInfo
Vector for storing ids of two dimensional elements.
element2DId_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStrainInfo
Vector for storing ids of two dimensional elements.
element2DId_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStressInfo
Vector for storing ids of two dimensional elements.
element2DId_
- Variable in class write.
SectionInfo
Vector for storing ids of two dimensional elements.
element2DId_
- Variable in class write.
StressInfo
Vector for storing ids of two dimensional elements.
Element3
- Class in
element
Class for Element3.
Element3(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element3
Creates Element3 element.
Element30
- Class in
element
Class for Element30.
Element30(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element30
Creates Element30 element.
element30_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element31
- Class in
element
Class for Element23.
Element31(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element31
Creates Element31 element.
element31_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element32
- Class in
element
Class for Element32.
Element32(Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element32
Creates Element32 element.
element32_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element33
- Class in
element
Class for Element33.
Element33(Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element33
Creates Element33 element.
element33_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element34
- Class in
element
Class for Element34.
Element34(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element34
Creates Element34 element.
element34_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element35
- Class in
element
Class for Element35.
Element35(Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element35
Creates Element35 element.
element35_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element36
- Class in
element
Class for Element36.
Element36(Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element36
Creates Element36 element.
element36_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element37
- Class in
element
Class for Element37.
Element37(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element37
Creates Element37 element.
element37_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element38
- Class in
element
Class for Element38.
Element38(Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element38
Creates Element38 element.
element38_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
element3_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element3D
- Class in
element
Class for three dimensional elements.
Element3D()
- Constructor for class element.
Element3D
element3D_
- Variable in class write.
ElasticStrainInfo
Vector for storing three dimensional elements.
element3D_
- Variable in class write.
ElementDispInfo
Vector for storing three dimensional elements.
element3D_
- Variable in class write.
MisesStressInfo
Vector for storing three dimensional elements.
element3D_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStrainInfo
Vector for storing three dimensional elements.
element3D_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStressInfo
Vector for storing three dimensional elements.
element3D_
- Variable in class write.
StressInfo
Vector for storing three dimensional elements.
element3DDisplay_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Three dimensional elements and element related results drawer of visualizer.
element3DDisplay_
- Variable in class visualize.
PreVisualizer
Three dimensional elements and element related objects drawer of visualizer.
element3DId_
- Variable in class write.
ElasticStrainInfo
Vector for storing ids of three dimensional elements.
element3DId_
- Variable in class write.
ElementDispInfo
Vector for storing ids of three dimensional elements.
element3DId_
- Variable in class write.
MisesStressInfo
Vector for storing ids of three dimensional elements.
element3DId_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStrainInfo
Vector for storing ids of three dimensional elements.
element3DId_
- Variable in class write.
PrincipleStressInfo
Vector for storing ids of three dimensional elements.
element3DId_
- Variable in class write.
StressInfo
Vector for storing ids of three dimensional elements.
Element4
- Class in
element
Class for Element4.
Element4(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element4
Creates Element4 element.
element4_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element5
- Class in
element
Class for Element5.
Element5(Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element5
Creates Element5 element.
element5_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element6
- Class in
element
Class for Element6.
Element6(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element6
Creates Element6 element.
element6_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element7
- Class in
element
Class for Element7.
Element7(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element7
Creates Element7 element.
element7_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element8
- Class in
element
Class for Element8.
Element8(Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element8
Creates Element8 element.
element8_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
Element9
- Class in
element
Class for Element9.
Element9(Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node, Node)
- Constructor for class element.
Element9
Creates Element9 element.
element9_
- Static variable in class element.
ElementLibrary
Static variable for the type of element.
element_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
AddElement1
The element to be added to the structure.
element_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
EditElement1
The element to be editted and the new element for replacement.
elementAdditionalMassInfo_
- Static variable in class write.
WriteManager
Static variable for the writing option.
elementDisp1D_
- Static variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Static variable for the result option of drawing.
elementDisp2D_
- Static variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Static variable for the result option of drawing.
elementDisp3D_
- Static variable in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Static variable for the result option of drawing.
ElementDispInfo
- Class in
write
Class for writing element local approximated displacements information to output file.
ElementDispInfo(int)
- Constructor for class write.
ElementDispInfo
Creates ElementDispInfo object.
elementDispInfo_
- Static variable in class write.
WriteManager
Static variable for the writing option.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
AAreaMass1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
AAreaMaterial1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
AAreaMechLoad1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
AAreaSection1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
AAreaSpring1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
AAreaTempLoad1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
AElementInfo1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ALineLocalAxis1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ALineMass1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ALineMaterial1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ALineMechLoad1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ALineSection1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ALineSpring1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ALineTempLoad1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ASolidMass1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ASolidMaterial1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ASolidMechLoad1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ASolidSpring1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.assign.
ASolidTempLoad1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
DivideLine1
Vector for storing element ids to be divided.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
MeshArea1
Vector for storing element ids to be meshed.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
MeshSolid1
Vector for storing element ids to be meshed.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
MirrorElement1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
MoveElement1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
elementIds_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
ReplicateElement1
Vector for storing element ids to be moved.
ElementInfo
- Class in
write
Class for writing element information to output file.
ElementInfo()
- Constructor for class write.
ElementInfo
elementInfo_
- Static variable in class write.
WriteManager
Static variable for the writing option.
ElementLib1
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Element Library menu.
ElementLib1(SolidMAT)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.
ElementLib1
Builds dialog, builds components, calls addComponent, sets layout and sets up listeners, calls initialize and visualize.
ElementLib2
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Add/Modify Element Libraries menu.
ElementLib2(ElementLib1, boolean)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.
ElementLib2
Builds dialog, builds components, calls addComponent, sets layout and sets up listeners.
elementLib_
- Variable in class data.
InputData
Vector for storing element library input objects.
ElementLibrary
- Class in
element
Class for storing Element library information.
ElementLibrary(String, int, int, int)
- Constructor for class element.
ElementLibrary
Creates ElementLibrary object.
ElementLocalAxisInfo
- Class in
write
Class for writing element local axis information to output file.
ElementLocalAxisInfo()
- Constructor for class write.
ElementLocalAxisInfo
elementLocalAxisInfo_
- Static variable in class write.
WriteManager
Static variable for the writing option.
ElementMass
- Class in
element
Class for additional element mass.
ElementMass(String, int, int, double)
- Constructor for class element.
ElementMass
Creates element mass.
ElementMass1
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Element Mass Library menu.
ElementMass1(SolidMAT)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.

ElementMass2
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Add/Modify Element Masses menu.
ElementMass2(ElementMass1, boolean)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.
ElementMass2
Builds dialog, builds components, calls addComponent, sets layout and sets up listeners.
elementMass_
- Variable in class data.
InputData
Vector for storing element mass input objects.
ElementMassInfo
- Class in
write
Class for writing element additional mass information to output file.
ElementMassInfo()
- Constructor for class write.
ElementMassInfo
ElementMechLoad
- Class in
boundary
Class for element mechanical loads.
ElementMechLoad(String, BoundaryCase, int, int, DVec)
- Constructor for class boundary.
ElementMechLoad
Creates element mechanical load.
ElementMechLoad1
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Element Mechanical Load Library menu.
ElementMechLoad1(SolidMAT)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.

ElementMechLoad2
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Add/Modify Element Mechanical Loads menu.
ElementMechLoad2(ElementMechLoad1, boolean)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.
ElementMechLoad2
Builds dialog, builds components, calls addComponent, sets layout and sets up listeners.
elementMechLoad_
- Variable in class data.
InputData
Vector for storing element mechanical load input objects.
elementMechLoad_
- Variable in class dialogs.library.
BoundaryCase1
Used for renewing element mechanical loads objects vector.
ElementMechLoadInfo
- Class in
write
Class for writing element mechanical load information to output file.
ElementMechLoadInfo()
- Constructor for class write.
ElementMechLoadInfo
elementMechLoadInfo_
- Static variable in class write.
WriteManager
Static variable for the writing option.
elementOptions_
- Variable in class visualize.
PreVisualizer
Boolean array for storing element display options.
elements1_
- Variable in class dialogs.analysis.
CheckModel1
Vector for storing elements to be moved.
elements1_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
DivideLine1
Vector for storing elements to be divided.
elements1_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
MeshArea1
Vector for storing elements to be meshed.
elements1_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
MeshSolid1
Vector for storing elements to be meshed.
elements1_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
MirrorElement1
Vector for storing elements to be moved.
elements1_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
MoveElement1
Vector for storing elements to be moved.
elements1_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
ReplicateElement1
Vector for storing elements to be moved.
elements1_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
Sweep1
Vector for storing elements to be moved.
elements_
- Variable in class analysis.
Structure
Vector for storing elements.
elements_
- Variable in class data.
Group
Vector for storing nodes of group.
elements_
- Variable in class dialogs.model.
Group2
Vector for storing elements of group.
ElementSpring
- Class in
element
Class for element spring.
ElementSpring(String, int, int, double)
- Constructor for class element.
ElementSpring
Creates element spring.
ElementSpring1
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Element Spring Library menu.
ElementSpring1(SolidMAT)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.

ElementSpring2
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Add/Modify Element Springs menu.
ElementSpring2(ElementSpring1, boolean)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.
ElementSpring2
Builds dialog, builds components, calls addComponent, sets layout and sets up listeners.
elementSpring_
- Variable in class data.
InputData
Vector for storing element spring input objects.
ElementSpringInfo
- Class in
write
Class for writing element spring information to output file.
ElementSpringInfo()
- Constructor for class write.
ElementSpringInfo
elementSpringInfo_
- Static variable in class write.
WriteManager
Static variable for the writing option.
ElementTemp
- Class in
boundary
Class for element temperature loads.
ElementTemp(String, BoundaryCase, double)
- Constructor for class boundary.
ElementTemp
Creates element temperature load.
ElementTemp1
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Element Temperature Load Library menu.
ElementTemp1(SolidMAT)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.

ElementTemp2
- Class in
dialogs.library
Class for Add/Modify Element Temperature Loads menu.
ElementTemp2(ElementTemp1, boolean)
- Constructor for class dialogs.library.
ElementTemp2
Builds dialog, builds components, calls addComponent, sets layout and sets up listeners.
elementTemp_
- Variable in class data.
InputData
Vector for storing element temperature load input objects.
elementTemp_
- Variable in class dialogs.library.
BoundaryCase1
Used for renewing element temperature loads objects vector.
elementVizOptions_
- Variable in class dialogs.display.
DisplayOptions1
Arrays storing the nodal and element visualization options.
elementVizOptions_
- Variable in class visualize.
PreVisualizer
Double array for storing the visualization option of elements.
ellipse_
- Static variable in class section.
Section
Static variable for the type of section.
EllipseCS
- Class in
section
Class for ellipse cross section.
EllipseCS(String, double, double)
- Constructor for class section.
EllipseCS
Creates circular cross section.
elMax_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostElement1DDisplay
Maximum and minimum values for scaling graphics.
elMax_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostElement2DDisplay
Maximum and minimum values for scaling graphics.
elMax_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostElement3DDisplay
Maximum and minimum values for scaling graphics.
elMin_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostElement1DDisplay
Maximum and minimum values for scaling graphics.
elMin_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostElement2DDisplay
Maximum and minimum values for scaling graphics.
elMin_
- Variable in class visualize.
PostElement3DDisplay
Maximum and minimum values for scaling graphics.
enumerateDofs(Vector<BoundaryCase>, double[])
- Method in class analysis.
Structure
Enumerates nodal and element degrees of freedom and returns total number of equations.
enumerateDofs()
- Method in class element.
Element
Enumerates element degrees of freedom.
enumerateDofs(int)
- Method in class node.
Node
Changes the value of contiunation index depending on the constraint applied and returns the continuation index.
eqn_
- Variable in class analysis.
LinearBuckling
The number of equations to be solved and effective bandwidth.
eqn_
- Variable in class analysis.
LinearStatic
The number of equations to be solved and effective bandwidth.
eqn_
- Variable in class analysis.
LinearTransient
The number of equations to be solved, effective bandwidth and current time step.
eqn_
- Variable in class analysis.
Modal
The number of equations to be solved and effective bandwidth.
err1_
- Static variable in class dialogs.file.
FileHandler2
err2_
- Static variable in class dialogs.file.
FileHandler2
err3_
- Static variable in class dialogs.file.
FileHandler2
err4_
- Static variable in class dialogs.file.
FileHandler2
eTriangle_
- Static variable in class section.
Section
Static variable for the type of section.
ETriangleCS
- Class in
section
Class for equilateral triangle cross section.
ETriangleCS(String, double)
- Constructor for class section.
ETriangleCS
Creates equilateral triangle cross section.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class analysis.
Analysis
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class analysis.
Structure
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class boundary.
Constraint
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class boundary.
DispLoad
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class boundary.
ElementMechLoad
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class boundary.
InitialDisp
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class boundary.
InitialVelo
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class boundary.
NodalMechLoad
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class element.
Element
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class element.
ElementLibrary
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class element.
ElementMass
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class element.
ElementSpring
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class material.
Material
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class math.
Function
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class math.
GaussQuadrature
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class math.
GraphPlot2D
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class math.
Interpolation1D
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class math.
Interpolation2D
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class math.
Interpolation3D
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class matrix.
DVec
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class matrix.
Mat
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class node.
LocalAxis
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class node.
NodalMass
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class node.
NodalSpring
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class node.
Node
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class section.
Section
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class solver.
Solver
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class visualize.
PostVisualizer
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class visualize.
PreVisualizer
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class write.
WriteManager
Throws exception with the related message.
exceptionHandler(String)
- Method in class write.
Writer
Throws exception with the related message.
exp_
- Static variable in class math.
Function
Static variable for the type of function.
Overview
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WaMDaM_v1.05 [WaMDaM_DBWrench_Schema_v1.05.xml]
It is a bridge tables that allow associating many Object Types with many attributes. Users also can share the same native attribute across different object types like Capital Cost attribute that is shared for all the WEAP Objects
| PK | Name | Data Type | NULL | Auto | Default | Comment | FK |
|
| AttributeID | Integer |
| Primary key identifier | |||
| AttributeName | VarChar(255) | The name of the attribute | |||||
| AttributeName_Abstract | VarChar(255) |
| An optional field that binds any different attribute implementations that include units and datatypes such as “storage_AF” and “storage-gallons” into a general concept “storage”. Attribute name as-is in the model without adding abbrto it as in WEAP to count for different versions of the same attribute that have different unit or data type | ||||
| AttributeNameCV | VarChar(255) |
| CV term for a universal attribute name |
|
|||
| ObjectTypeID | Integer | Foreign key identifier to the ObjectType that the attribute belongs to |
|
||||
| UnitName | VarChar(255) | Unit name as used negatively in the dataset | |||||
| UnitNameCV | VarChar(255) |
| CV term for a universal unit name |
|
|||
| AttributeScale | Integer |
| 1 | A multiplier of the attribute values as used in WEAP. The default is 1. It takes values like 1000000 for a million. | |||
| AttributeDataTypeCV | VarChar(255) | CV term for a list of supported data types in WaMDAM: DualValue, NumericValue, SeasonalNumericValues, DescriptorValue, ElectronicFiles, TimeSeries, and MultAttributeSeries |
|
||||
| AttributeCategoryID | Integer |
| Foreign key identifier to the category that the ObjectType belongs to |
|
|||
| ModelInputOrOutput | Char(50) |
| Distinguishs input and output attributes in models | ||||
| Description | Text |
| Full text description of the attribute |
(none)
| Name | Parent Table | Child Table | Parent Columns | Child Columns |
| fk_Attributes_CV_AttributeName | CVs.CV_AttributeName | ResourceStruct.Attributes | Name | AttributeNameCV |
| fk_Attributes_CV_AttributeType | CVs.CV_AttributeDataType | ResourceStruct.Attributes | Name | AttributeDataTypeCV |
| fk_Attributes_CV_Units | CVs.CV_Units | ResourceStruct.Attributes | Name | UnitNameCV |
| fk_Attributes_ObjectTypes | ResourceStruct.ObjectTypes | ResourceStruct.Attributes | ObjectTypeID | ObjectTypeID |
| fk_ObjectAttributes_AttributeCategory | ResourceStruct.AttributeCategories | ResourceStruct.Attributes | AttributeCategoryID | AttributeCategoryID |
(none)
| Diagram Name |
| 01_WaMDaM |
| 02_WaMDaM_WCVs |


ZFORCE(1) ZFORCE(1) NAME zforce - force a '.gz' extension on all gzip files SYNOPSIS zforce [ name ... ] DESCRIPTION zforce forces a .gz extension on all gzip files so that gzip will not compress them twice. This can be useful for files with names truncated after a file transfer. On systems with a 14 char limitation on file names, the original name is truncated to make room for the .gz suffix. For example,<PHONE_NUMBER>1234 is renamed to<PHONE_NUMBER>1.gz. A file name such as foo.tgz is left intact. SEE ALSO gzip(1), znew(1), zmore(1), zgrep(1), zdiff(1), gzexe(1) ZFORCE(1)


Ubud Permai Bungalow & Spa is located in the Downtown Ubud neighborhood in Ubud, just 501 m from Bebek Bengil Restaurant.
Certain rooms have a sitting area where you can relax. Certain rooms include views of the pool or garden. Each room has a private bathroom.
You will find ticket service at the property.
The guesthouse also provides bike rental. The nearest airport is Ngurah Rai International Airport, 27.4 km from Ubud Permai Bungalow.
This is our guests' favorite part of Ubud, according to independent reviews.
The guesthouse also provides bike rental. The nearest airport is Ngurah Rai International Airport, 27.4 km from Ubud Permai Bungalow.


|
SuperLU 6.0.0
|
Sparse BLAS3, using some dense BLAS3 operations. More...
#include "slu_ddefs.h"
Functions | |
| int | sp_dgemm (char *transa, char *transb, int m, int n, int k, double alpha, SuperMatrix *A, double *b, int ldb, double beta, double *c, int ldc) |
Copyright (c) 2003, The Regents of the University of California, through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (subject to receipt of any required approvals from U.S. Dept. of Energy)
All rights reserved.
The source code is distributed under BSD license, see the file License.txt at the top-level directory.
-- SuperLU routine (version 2.0) -- Univ. of California Berkeley, Xerox Palo Alto Research Center, and Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. November 15, 1997
| int sp_dgemm | ( | char * | transa, |
| char * | transb, | ||
| int | m, | ||
| int | n, | ||
| int | k, | ||
| double | alpha, | ||
| SuperMatrix * | A, | ||
| double * | b, | ||
| int | ldb, | ||
| double | beta, | ||
| double * | c, | ||
| int | ldc | ||
| ) |
Purpose ======= sp_d performs one of the matrix-matrix operations C := alpha*op( A )*op( B ) + beta*C, where op( X ) is one of op( X ) = X or op( X ) = X' or op( X ) = conjg( X' ), alpha and beta are scalars, and A, B and C are matrices, with op( A ) an m by k matrix, op( B ) a k by n matrix and C an m by n matrix. Parameters ========== TRANSA - (input) char* On entry, TRANSA specifies the form of op( A ) to be used in the matrix multiplication as follows: TRANSA = 'N' or 'n', op( A ) = A. TRANSA = 'T' or 't', op( A ) = A'. TRANSA = 'C' or 'c', op( A ) = conjg( A' ). Unchanged on exit. TRANSB - (input) char* On entry, TRANSB specifies the form of op( B ) to be used in the matrix multiplication as follows: TRANSB = 'N' or 'n', op( B ) = B. TRANSB = 'T' or 't', op( B ) = B'. TRANSB = 'C' or 'c', op( B ) = conjg( B' ). Unchanged on exit. M - (input) int On entry, M specifies the number of rows of the matrix op( A ) and of the matrix C. M must be at least zero. Unchanged on exit. N - (input) int On entry, N specifies the number of columns of the matrix op( B ) and the number of columns of the matrix C. N must be at least zero. Unchanged on exit. K - (input) int On entry, K specifies the number of columns of the matrix op( A ) and the number of rows of the matrix op( B ). K must be at least zero. Unchanged on exit. ALPHA - (input) double On entry, ALPHA specifies the scalar alpha. A - (input) SuperMatrix* Matrix A with a sparse format, of dimension (A->nrow, A->ncol). Currently, the type of A can be: Stype = NC or NCP; Dtype = SLU_D; Mtype = GE. In the future, more general A can be handled. B - DOUBLE PRECISION array of DIMENSION ( LDB, kb ), where kb is n when TRANSB = 'N' or 'n', and is k otherwise. Before entry with TRANSB = 'N' or 'n', the leading k by n part of the array B must contain the matrix B, otherwise the leading n by k part of the array B must contain the matrix B. Unchanged on exit. LDB - (input) int On entry, LDB specifies the first dimension of B as declared in the calling (sub) program. LDB must be at least max( 1, n ). Unchanged on exit. BETA - (input) double On entry, BETA specifies the scalar beta. When BETA is supplied as zero then C need not be set on input. C - DOUBLE PRECISION array of DIMENSION ( LDC, n ). Before entry, the leading m by n part of the array C must contain the matrix C, except when beta is zero, in which case C need not be set on entry. On exit, the array C is overwritten by the m by n matrix ( alpha*op( A )*B + beta*C ). LDC - (input) int On entry, LDC specifies the first dimension of C as declared in the calling (sub)program. LDC must be at least max(1,m). Unchanged on exit. ==== Sparse Level 3 Blas routine.


The debugger can work in either text (console) mode, or in graphical user interface mode. The text-based interface is somewhat GDB-like, and may come in handy on systems that don't have X-Window, or when debugging over a slow dial-up line.
The debugger has a plug-in (or component-based) architecture.
At its core it has the main executable (the debugger engine).
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH=
${LD_LIBRARY_PATH}:/usr/local/zero/bin
Additional components, or plug-ins, include: the GUI, debug information decoders for the DWARF and STABS formats, and more optional extensions.
If the environment variable named ZERO_PLUGIN_PATH is set, then it is treated as a colon-delimited list of paths to be searched for plugins; otherwise, assuming for example, that the debugger is installed in /usr/local/zero/, all shared objects in /usr/local/zero/plugin will be automatically probed when the program starts; if the path exists, the shared objects that are detected as valid plug-ins are loaded.
The modular architecture gives the user the flexibility to decide what plug-ins should be used for a given task. Plug-ins can be organized into different directories, or moved around, so that only the ones that are needed are loaded.
One can have two plug-in directories, and only one containing the GUI (zgui.so)
plugin; by making ZERO_PLUGIN_PATH to point
to one directory or the other, the debugger can be launched in text or graphic mode.
Note:
Another method for selecting between the text and graphic modes is
to launch zero with the --ui-disable command line option.
For a similar reason, if you know that your application is built with
STABS debug symbols precisely (the default for older compilers such as
GCC 2.95), then there's no need to load the DWARF reader into memory.


About Us
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At Airtel we usually provide services and sell various products at cheaper price


November 13
Praise ye the Lord. Blessed is the man that feareth the Lord, that delighteth greatly in his commandments. Wealth and riches shall be in his house: and his righteousness
endureth forever.
Psalm 112:1,3
I'll never forget the time Gloria discovered that scripture. We didn't have any moneyat the time, and the walls in our house were as bare as they could be. But she was ready to decorate. So she took that promise, "Wealth and riches shall be in his house" and laid claim to it by faith.
Suddenly, everywhere we went, somebody was giving us a painting or some other little treasure for our house.
Unfortunately, most believers aren't as quick to believe God for that kind of thing as Gloria was. Some even claim God doesn't promise us New Testament believers physical prosperity, just spiritual. But the truth is, you can't separate the two. That's why Jesus says, "If you'll seek first the kingdom of God and His righteousness, then all these [material] things will be added to you." He knows the spiritual realm and the material realm are connected.
The physical world cannot operate independently from the spiritual world. What happens in one is simply a reflection of what happens in the other.
 That's why, when you get hold of the gospel and begin to prosperspiritually, you can begin to prosper physically and materially as well.
Don't let anyone talk you out of God's promises of prosperity. You don't have to choose between financial and spiritual prosperity. Both belong to you. Lay claim to them by faith. As a born-again child of God, dare to reach out and receive the riches that belong to you!
Scripture Reading: Deuteronomy 7:8-13


Requirements
Also assumes there are stored procedures for the data you wish to extract from the SQL server (MS SQL or MySQL). The code is to be customised for your installation.
Technical Overview
Is based on JavaScript and Node.js for the controllers and logic.
- Bootstrap CSS
- jQuery
- Amcharts
- Node.js
Also the following Node.js packages:


Your order has been placed and is being processed. When the item(s) are shipped, you will receive an email with the details.
| Order ID: | {{ orderDetails.number }}({{ orderDetails.item_count }} Item(s)) |
| Total Amount: | {{ currency }} {{ orderDetails.order_total_amount.amount }} |
| Name: | {{ orderDetails.shipping_address.first_name }} {{ orderDetails.shipping_address.last_name }} |
| Address: | {{ orderDetails.shipping_address.address_line_1 }}, {{ orderDetails.shipping_address.address_line_2 }}, {{ orderDetails.shipping_address.city }} |
| Pincode: | {{ orderDetails.shipping_address.zip_code }} |
| Phone: | {{ orderDetails.shipping_address.phone }} |


Protesting Elandshoek residents shut down N4 for almost five hours
The protest was sparked by the death of a community member who had been detained by police after his arrest on domestic violence charges
by Enver WesselsMBOMBELA – The N4 toll route between Montrose and the Kaapsehoop intersection was closed for approximately five hours on Wednesday night.
The provincial SAPS spokesman, Brig Leonard Hlathi, said that the community of Elandshoek blocked the N4 with burning tyres, heavy rocks and trees.
They were protesting about Thomas Sibanyoni (42), who died in police custody on Saturday.
According to Hlathi, he was found to have hanged himself with a shoelace in a temporary holding cell, after police arrested him for a domestic violence-related complaint.
“The community insist that police killed him,” he said.
“An inquest docket was opened and a postmortem was conducted. The results did not suggest any foul play.”
ALSO READ: Two suspects in Uitkyk attack caught
Flying Squad and Public Order Policing were called to assist and the road was reopened around 00:40 on Thursday morning. According to the Trans African Concessions spokesman, Solange Soares, the closure was as a result of protesters who blockaded the road.
“No damage was done to the road, but traffic was affected,” she said.
The Mpumalanga provincial safety, security and liaison spokesman, Mmusi Moeti, said the department condemned the protesters’ actions in the strongest possible terms.
“The road was heavily backed up, which had economic implications for those transporting perishables and other
goods,” Moeti said.
ALSO READ: SANParks take drastic steps to curb millions in fruitless and wasteful expenditure
He added that, while everyone had a right to embark on protest action, no one had the right to do so by infringing on the rights of others to move freely.
“Regardless of how genuine their concerns were, the right to protest should not be exercised while infringing on the rights of others.
“This becomes a massive blow to the economy because certain goods are supposed to reach their destination by a certain time.”
Hlathi added that cases of looting and public violence were opened. No arrests had been made at the time of going to press.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block content %}
The one-stop place for finding all STEM education programs for disadvantaged and underprivledged students available from the government and universities of America
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Programs include scholarships, college initiatives to bring in low-income students, and others not tied to school, like FIRST FRC
There is no doubt that STEM jobs are the future. If we do not do something now about inequal representation in it for low-income students and minorities, it will create a massive gap in society later on.


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_aire The billionaire commissionaire negotiated a lucrative concessionaire agreement with the city council.[G|D] The doctrinaire legionnaire was an extraordinaire soldier, always following orders to the letter.[G|D] The millionaire completed the lengthy questionnaire, hoping to discover if he qualified for the multimillionaire status.[G|D] Voltaire sat at his desk, playing solitaire and thinking about his travels to Zaire.[G|D]


This is the best-selling shirt for Pat's Salmon Cookies for those who want to express their love for salmon cookies. Get it before they are sold out.


Plan to use Portishead beauty spot for new skate park set to be approved
North Somerset Council chiefs are set to approve a 25-year lease to use land at Portishead Lake Grounds
by Heather PickstockCouncil chiefs are set to approve moves to site a new skate park at Portishead Lake Grounds.
North Somerset Council executive is recommending that landlord's consent is given to Portishead Wheels and Skate Park (WASP) to site a skate park on land at the rear of the boathouse.
The proposal includes agreeing a 25-year lease for the land, subject to funding and planning permission being secured.
The executive is due to meet in early January to rubber-stamp the decision.
If approved as expected, the decision marks a major step forward in a long running campaign to site a new skate facility at the Lake Grounds.
Planning permission was granted on appeal for a skate park at the Lake Grounds in 2011.
However the project never moved forward because North Somerset Council refused to grant landlord's consent.
A North Somerset Council spokesman confirmed the recommendation to approve the landlord's consent application.
The spokesman said: “An application for landlord's consent to build a skate park at Portishead Lake Grounds will be considered by North Somerset Council's Executive at its next meeting on Tuesday 7 January.
“The application from Community Interest Company Portishead WASP was due to be considered at the Executive meeting scheduled for 4 December.
“However, this meeting has had to be moved to January due to the council being in pre-election period following the announcement of the General Election on December 12.
“The report due to go to the December meeting recommends that a 25-year lease be granted to Portishead WASP subject to conditions regarding terms, availability of funding and planning permission.
“That report will now go to the meeting on January 7.”
WASP has asked the council for a piece of land of between 800 and 1,000 square metres.
The site includes part of the current area of hardstanding by the boathouse and a small section of the existing park.
If landlord's consent is agreed, a pre-planning application will then be submitted.
A full consultation will be carried out with local residents as part of the application.
A full planning application will then be submitted.
The park will not only be for skateboarding but also for scooter, rollerblade and BMX users.
The preferred design is for a ‘pump park’ which would see a concrete skating bowl set into the ground with a BMX track around the perimeter.
The facility is expected to cost between £160,000 and £300,000 depending on the design.
Funding will be sought from various grant bodies as well as the town and district council and a fundraising campaign will be launched.
Over the years numerous locations for a new skate park in Portishead have been considered.
A skate park already exists at Merlin Park in the town.
But as the sport has become more popular in recent years, so has the desire for a bigger and better facility.
For the latest news in and around Bristol, visit and bookmark Bristol Live's homepage.


You sneak past the bredon unheard but the Bredon suddenly woke up and starting attacking you. You attacked back but could not handle the power of the Bredon and perished on the side of the road
GAME OVER
Thank you for playing my game made in 1 day
You sneak past the bredon unheard but the Bredon suddenly woke up and starting attacking you. You attacked back but could not handle the power of the Bredon and perished on the side of the road
Thank you for playing my game made in 1 day


Chapter 1
Experiment 1
Under Review
Experiment 1
Published
Chapter 1.1
Experiment 4
Published
Chapter 1.1.1
Experiment 4
Under Review
Chapter <IP_ADDRESS>
Experiment 4
Rejected
Chapter 2
Experiment 7
Under Review
Experiment 8
Published
Experiment 9
Rejected
Course
Explanation
Lesson PLans
Practice Sets
Curiosity


Publishing a JSON object to a channel is really easy. Here is an an example to get you started.
Click to copy the blue snippets and then paste them into your code.#import "AppDelegate.h" #import <PubNub/PubNub.h> #import <PubNubBridge/PubNub+FAB.h> @interface AppDelegate () @property (nonatomic, strong) PubNub *client; @end @implementation AppDelegate - (BOOL) application:(UIApplication *)application didFinishLaunchingWithOptions:(NSDictionary *)launchOptions { self.client = [PubNub client]; [self.client publish:@{@"announcement": @"Welcome to PubNub!"} toChannel:@"announcements" withCompletion:^(PNPublishStatus *status) { // Check whether request successfully completed or not. if (!status.isError) { // Message successfully published to specified channel. } // Request processing failed. else { // Handle message publish error. Check 'category' property to find out possible issue // because of which request did fail. // // Request can be resent using: [status retry]; } }]; return YES; } @end


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| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| Message |
Class provide methods to compose message, read and write strings.
|
| MsgAbort |
1B op code: 11 int node id int transaction id |
| MsgAck |
1B op code: 10 int node id int transaction id |
| MsgCancelNodeTransaction |
1B op code: 17 4B int node id 4B int transaction id Zero-terminated string of class name |
| MsgFileAck |
1B op code: 13 4B int node id 4B int transaction id 8B double estimated finish time 1B 1-file was remove operation was successful, 0 otherwise |
| MsgFileAdd |
1B op code: 14 4B int node id 4B int transaction id filename zero-terminated String return folder:host:ftpPort if returning result is requested, empty string otherwise zero-terminated |
| MsgFileOffer |
1B op code: 4 4B int message id 4B int transaction id 4B int request id String filename zero-terminated String return folder:host:ftpPort if returning result is requested, empty string otherwise zero-terminated 8B double estimated finish time |
| MsgFileRemove |
1B op code: 12 4B int node id 4B int transaction id filename zero-terminated |
| MsgFileRequest |
1B op code: 3 4B int node id 4B int transaction id 4B int request id |
| MsgFileResultNotify |
1B op code: 15 4B int node id 4B int transaction id 8B double estimated finish time Zero-terminated strings defiining NetAddress . |
| MsgFileWorkerChange |
1B op code: 16 4B int message id 4B int transaction id String previous worker hostname zero-terminated String previous worker file's filename zero-terminated String new worker file's filename zero-terminated |
| MsgGetToSameLevelFinished |
1B op code: 5 4B int node id 4B int transaction id 1B state 8B double sender node estimated finish time 8B double slow node estimated finish time |
| MsgHello |
byte op code: 1 4B int node id 8B double estimated finish time |
| MsgPromptToEnlightNode |
1B op code: 2 4B int node id 4B int transaction id String slow-node-address:port zero-terminated String slow-node-ftp-address:port zero-terminated |
| MsgQuit |
byte op code: 9 |
| MsgReady |
1B op code: 6 4B int node id 4B int node port 4B int frp port String return folder:host:ftpPort if returning result is requested, empty string otherwise zero-terminated |
| MsgStart |
1B op code: 8 |
| MsgSteady |
1B op code: 7 |
| MsgTransactionAlive |
byte op code: 18 4B int node id 4B int estimated finish time |
| NetAddress |
Class encapsulate network address.
|
| NetworkService |
Class provide methods to non blocking receive from given port.
|
| NodeDevice |
Device for sending datagrams to another node.
|
| ReceivedObject |
Class contains derived class of
Message and NodeDevice instance. |


Thinking about what has happened is part of being human. Reflecting on our learning experiences can be a powerful method of progressing learning goals. Now it's time for me to think about what I did, and what I learned, and decide from that what I would do differently next time.
A computer is not intelligent. It can't analyze a problem and come up with a solution. A programmer must analyze the problem, develop the instructions for solving the problem, and then have the computer carry out the instructions. Once we have written a solution for the computer, the computer can repeat the solution very quickly and consistently, again and again.
Growth Mindset and Neuroplasticity may not be something that we immediately think of or normally talk about when discussing the learning process. But if we explain to ourself how the brain changes and grows as we learn and that we can get better at a skill by trying, practicing, and persevering, we can help us believe in ourselves and succeed in learning.
Click and check how many different things you need to know if you'd like to be a Front-end Developer! Let's have fun!
What is Emotional Intelligence? Is it different to IQ? And why is it important?
Sooner or later, each person will have to make an important decision: in which direction to continue their pathway and development. We all imagine what our future will look like, what we will be doing and how we will be living.
A working knowledge of HTML and CSS lets you to do whatever you want with your web site. For this reason it's important to know when and how use HTML classes and IDs.
What language do you speak? What is your religion? What holidays do you celebrate? What are your values?
In general our values are the things that we believe are important in the way we live and work. Many theorists believe that culture is an important shaper of our personality and values. Culture helps define how individuals see themselves and how they relate to others.


Conference
The 2020 Weed Science Society of America (WSSA) and Western Society of Weed Science (WSWS) joint meeting will be held on Mar 2-5 in Maui (http://wssa.net/meeting/2020-annual-meeting/), Hawaii. Unfortunately, some of us will not be present at the meeting but the data analysis discussed herein can help you learn the main Weed Science topics to be discussed in Hawaii.
Analysis
The goal of this text analysis is to evaluate the frequency of words in the 2020 WSSA/WSWS oral and poster titles. The 2020 WSSA program is available as a pdf file. In order to achieve our goal with this exercise, you have to download the pdf, load it in R, organize the selected words in a data frame, then in a corpus (collection of text document). Every text analysis requires creating a corpus. In this case, each text document in corpus must be a word. You will see that the process from pdf to corpus requires creating and binding data frames, using loop functions and other tools specific for text mining in R. Finally, we use ggplot and wordcloud to display the results.
If you want to learn how to analyze the WSSA/WSWS program, we encourage you to read this post in detail.
If you are not interested in learning the analysis itself, scroll down to Results.
Install packages
The text analysis of the WSSA/WSWS program will be performed in R statistical software. In order to accomplish this exercise, you will need to install the following R packages:
install.packages(downloader)
install.packages(tidyverse)
install.packages(pdftools)
install.packages(wordcloud)
install.packages(topicmodels)
install.packages(tm)
install.packages(rcorpora)
Run the codes above by clicking in the “Run” option on the top right corner of you R script or R markdown. These codes will install the necessary packages for text analysis. Once you install these packages you will not need to install them again, unless you update R and/or RStudio.
Import the text
First you need to find the conference program, which is available in the WSSA website (http://wssa.net/meeting/2020-annual-meeting/):
You can either save the pdf program in your local folder together with your R files, or you could use R to download the pdf:
library(downloader)
Copy and past the pdf link to the function download, notice that I named the pdf as ‘wssa.pdf’. The pdf will be saved in your local folder.
download function
wssa <- download("http://wssa.net/wp-content/uploads/2020-Program_1_29_Final.pdf", "wssa.pdf", mode = "wb")
Load the pdf file
Now, you need to load the pdf in R with pdf_text function. The pdf_text loads the pdf in R and strsplit function breaks the lines in pdf pages.
library(tidyverse)
pdf_text function
strsplit function
pdf_full <- pdf_text("wssa.pdf") %>%
strsplit(split = "\n")
Text analysis
The WSSA/WSWS program (pdf file) contains 155 pages. My goal is to select only the title words of poster and oral presentations.
Select pages needed
We have selected pages 15 to 114 because we are only interested in title words.
title <- pdf_full[15:114]
For the text analysis, we need to create a single word vector. The title contains the selected WSSA program pages needed to reach our goal but it is a list of vectors not a single vector.
Loop
As described above, nearly 100 pages were selected from the WSSA/WSWS annual meeting program. First, we need to organize the text (title) in a data frame. It would take a long time to convert the list of vectors into a single vector, and then a data frame. Therefore, a loop function is used herein to expedite the process:
titledm <- data.frame() # as data frame
for (i in 1:length(title)) {
print(i)
titlelines <- data.frame(names = title[[i]])
titledm <- bind_rows(titledm, titlelines)
}
The loop function created a data frame with a single variable (names), which is a character vector.
head(titledm, n=5)
## names
## 1 PROGRAM
## 2 MONDAY AFTERNOON MARCH 2
## 3 General Session
## 4 LOCATION: Monarchy #1-4
## 5 TIME: 04:00 PM - 06:00 PM
As you can see, there are more than a word in each row.
Tokens for titles
Tokenization is the act of breaking up a sequence of strings into pieces such as words, keywords, phrases, symbols and other elements called tokens.
library(tidytext)
Befere tokenization, there is onr issue, a common and important name for our analysis is the herbicide 2,4-D. If we do tokenization with 2,4-D, the function will break thw word in 2, 4, -, and D; thus the word will disappear. Changing how 2,4-D is written is a solution to keep it in the analysis.
titledm$names <- gsub("2,4-D" , "twofourd" , titledm$names)
Now that 2,4-D is named twofourd, we can proceed with tokenization.
unnest_tokens function
title_tokens <- titledm %>%
unnest_tokens(words, names)
Let’s run title_tokens to see how the data are organized. Please notice that each row contains a word or number.
head(title_tokens, n=5)
## words
## 1 program
## 2 monday
## 3 afternoon
## 4 march
## 5 2
New created vector
A new vector is named titles_tokens_clean.
head(titles_tokens_clean, n = 6)
## words
## 1 program
## 2 afternoon
## 3 march
## 4 general
## 5 session
## 6 location
A issue that we found is some authors have a number after their last names below the titles. For example Lindquist1, Yearka2, Tenhumberg1, Jhala1, and Werle3, numbers are given to identify their respective institutions.
A solution for this problem is to create a data frame with authors’s last names with numbers from 1 to 12. To accomplish this task, we need the loop function again. This is the third loop in this text analysis; by the end of this exercise you will become an expert in using the loop function :)
rm_author <- c(1:12)
rm_authors_number <-c()
for (i in 1:length(rm_author)) {
print(i)
rm_authors_numbers <- c(paste0(authors_tokens$words, i))
rm_authors_number <- c(rm_authors_number, rm_authors_numbers)
}
Now, let’s create a data frame with column as character.
rm_authors <- data.frame(rm_authors_number)
rm_authors <- rename(rm_authors, words = rm_authors_number)
rm_authors$words <- as.character(rm_authors$words)
rm_authors <- data.frame(rm_authors_number)
rm_authors <- rename(rm_authors, words = rm_authors_number)
rm_authors$words <- as.character(rm_authors$words)
Similarly, we run the anti_join funtion again to remove the last names with numbers for our main data frame, now named titles_clean_clean.
titles_clean_clean <- anti_join(titles_tokens_clean, rm_authors, by = "words")
head(titles_clean_clean, n=10)
## words
## 1 program
## 2 afternoon
## 3 march
## 4 general
## 5 session
## 6 location
## 7 monarchy
## 8 time
## 9 04
## 10 00
Stop words
There are some words that we are not interested in, such as march, afternoon, numbers (04, 00), penn etc. Thus, we need to clean the vector titles_tokens_clean.
Stop words are words we may want to remove from the text analysis. For example, we used the package rcorpora to remove words of geography (country, city, capitals, state) and English words such as “a”, “and”, “the”, “of”, “as” etc.
library(rcorpora)
# cities and states
geography <- corpora("geography/us_cities")
cities <- geography$cities
stopwords_cities <- c(cities$city) # stop cities words
stopwords_cities <- tolower(stopwords_cities) # making small caps
stopwords_state <- c(cities$state) # stop state words
stopwords_state <- tolower(stopwords_state) # making lowercase
#country
country <- corpora("geography/countries") # stop country words
stopwords_countries <- c(country$countries) # stop countries words
stopwords_countries <- tolower(stopwords_countries) # making lowercase
#capitals
capitals <- corpora("geography/us_state_capitals")
capitals <- c(capitals$capitals) # stop US capital words
stopwords_capitals <- c(capitals$capital) # stop us capitals words
stopwords_capitals <- tolower(stopwords_capitals) # making lowercase
#english
Enlish <-corpora("words/stopwords/en")
stopwords_en <- c(Enlish$stopWords) # stop english words
stopwords_en <- tolower(stopwords_en) # making lowercase
The codes above created vectors of capitals, cities, states, country, and English words. Sometimes, the stop words may not be enough, which is the case for the WSSA/WSWS analysis. In this case, we had to manually create a vector of stop words.
# words that we want to avoid in the text analysis
stop_wssaprogram_words <- c("university", "universidad", "universidade", "location",
"agriscience", "usda", "monarchy", "north", "march", "moderator",
"extension", "college", "tech", "time", "student", "contest",
"break", "station", "basf", "division", "ars", "fort", "guelph",
"presenter", "maui", "monday", "tuesday", "wednesday", "thursday",
"oral", "poster", "united", "western", "speaker", "science", "lleida",
"dakota", "agriculture", "service", "laramie", "forest", "piracicaba",
"purdue", "agrilife", "center", "syngenta", "morning", "afternoon",
"agri", "ventenata", "center", "east", "food", "tifton", "adelaide",
"pullman", "resources", "affiliation", "saskatoon", "saskatchewan",
"moscow", "park", "suite", "west", "corteva", "bayer", "frankfurt",
"cropscience", "beltsville", "south", "northeast", "northern",
"northwest", "platte", "central", "cooperative", "cornell", "phd",
"program", "maui", "clemson", "stoneville", "baton", "rouge",
"ridgetown", "buenos", "ithaca", "são", "cordoba", "usa", "carbondale",
"sur", "river", "system", "johnson", "athens", "city", "usp", "paulo",
"pelotas", "aires", "winfield", "llc", "são", "kingdom", "pnw",
"lexington", "eastern", "mornings", "brookings", "southern", "federal",
"scottsbluff", "ontario", "manitoba", "thorntown", "lexiton",
"newport", "macomb", "penn", "institute", "islands", "summit",
"winnipeg", "saint", "fmc", "brookston", "southeastern",
"council", "corporation", "rio", "grande", "harrow", "aac", "aafc",
"beach", "aberdeen", "brunswick", "napa", "rutgers", "mills",
"valent","society", "starkville", "department", "sheridan", "viçosa",
"lonoke", "osmond", "las", "cruces", "makawao", "painter", "lethbridge",
"daejeon", "moghu", "bridgestone", "princeton", "lafayette", "hastings",
"symposium", "volcano", "colfax", "greeley", "boulder", "seffner", "des",
"moines", "amvac", "lees", "crawley", "kyoto", "manoa", "bonham",
"langley", "waipahu", "salinas", "pontotoc", "richelieu", "galena",
"beebe", "calgary", "bogor", "jean", "hampshire", "trinity", "triangle",
"york", "monticello", "bogotá", "calgary", "albion", "alegre", "arabia",
"saudi", "balm", "bay", "brooks", "bury", "committee", "csic", "daniel",
"dow", "edmonton", "edmunds", "edwardsville", "eloy", "esalq","goldsboro",
"hettinger", "iaa", "korea", "lacombe", "jaboticabal", "keenesburg",
"marina", "mcminnville", "maringa", "marrone", "morrisville", "monterey",
"nufarm", "oak", "ncsu", "nacional", "ottawa", "pendleton", "pat",
"porto", "plc", "stephenville", "steckel", "tokyo", "universitat", "vero",
"univ", "wageningen", "wooster", "christi", "corpus", "company", "dryden",
"glenn", "nice", "nrcs", "oroville", "susanville", "amworth", "yuba",
"hays", "bracknell", "agcenter", "americas", "america", "immokalee",
"harpenden", "rothamsted", "wagga", "county", "hawaiian",
"national", "pacific", "adams")
Now, we will combine all stop words into a single vector:
stopwords_titles <- c(stopwords_cities, stopwords_state, stopwords_countries, stopwords_capitals,
stopwords_en, stop_wssaprogram_words)
Corpus
Text analysis methodology requires to convert any text being analyzed into a corpus.
library(topicmodels)
library(tm)
title_source <- VectorSource(titles_clean_clean$words)
title_corpus <- VCorpus(title_source)
Cleaning the text
Now, it is time to use all stop words (stopwords_titles) to clean the data frame.
# this code section will take long (~3 min) to run.
clean_corpus <- function(corpus){
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, removePunctuation) # remove punctuation
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, content_transformer(tolower)) # remove punctuation
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, removeNumbers) # remove numbers
corpus <- tm_map(corpus, removeWords, stopwords_titles) # remove stop words
corpus
}
title_corpus <- clean_corpus(title_corpus)
Creating a matrix
To plot the text analysis using wordcloud or ggplot function in R, we have to convert VCorpus format into a TermDocumentMatrix, then a data.frame.
title_dtm <- TermDocumentMatrix(title_corpus)
title_matrix <- as.matrix(title_dtm)
title_v <- sort(rowSums(title_matrix), decreasing=TRUE)
title_dt <- data.frame(word = names(title_v),freq=title_v)
Remember when we changed the 2,4-D name format? Now it is time to bring back the name 2,4-D back to the analysis.
title_dt$word <- gsub("twofourd" , "2,4-D" , title_dt$word)
We are now done with text analysis!
Results
Bar chart
The most frequent word in the the 2020 WSSA/WSWS meeting is weed (n=137). Also, the plural weeds (n=38) is shown in the WSSA/WSWS program (Figure 1).
No surprises!
title_dt %>%
filter(freq >= 30) %>%
ggplot(aes(x=reorder(word,freq), y=freq, fill=freq)) +
scale_fill_continuous(low = "#FFF6F6", high = "#9b0000") +
geom_col(show.legend=FALSE) + coord_flip() + theme_classic() +
labs(y="Frequence (n)", x="Words") + ylim(0,150) +
theme(axis.title = element_text(size=15),
axis.text = element_text(size=13))
Other words appear 30+ times in this WSSA/WSWS program:
Interesting to see how herbicide (n=119) and herbicides (n=59) used for weed control (n=104) dominate the program.
Efficacy (n=34) is also a commonly used word likely related to chemical weed management (n=77).
Dicamba (n=59) appeared more than glyphosate (n=45), likely due to recent introduction of dicamba resistant crops, benefits and some of the challenges associated with the herbicide.
In 2020, resistance (n=61), resistant (n=43), and amaranthus (n=43) are still major topics in the WSSA/WSWS meeting.
Seed (n=35) is likely due to increase research on Harrington Seed Destructor strategy for weed management.
Soybean (n=33) and cotton (n=32) are the most frequent crops mentioned in the WSSA/WSWS program.
Word cloud
The word cloud provides a big picture of the WSSA/WSWS meeting program. It shows words that appeared at least twice in the program. Bigger words indicate higher frequency in the program and vice versa. Same colors indicate word frequency of the same magnitude.
library(wordcloud)
wordcloud function
pal <- brewer.pal(8,"Dark2") #selecting the color palette
set.seed(1234)
wordcloud(words = title_dt$word, freq = title_dt$freq, min.freq=2, scale=c(5,.1),
random.order=FALSE, rot.per=0.35, colors=pal)
The word cloud highlights how herbicides dominate the weed science discipline.
Challenge:
What are the dominant weeds in the word cloud?
What are the dominat herbicides in the word cloud?
Can you find the words: ecosystem, ecology, sustainable and agroecosystem?
Spend some time cruising through the big and small words. What are your thoughts? Which words do you think are missing in the program? Should some words be bigger than others?
Acknowledgements
We would like to acknowledge Nick Arneson for reviewing this post


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 You can change a field by clicking change.
Note you cannot change your Business Name.
@govukSummaryList(SummaryList(
rows = Seq(
SummaryListRow(
key = Key(
content = Text("Business Name")
),
value = Value(
content = Text(user.businessName)
),
actions = Some(Actions(
items = Seq(
)
))
),
SummaryListRow(
key = Key(
content = Text("Email")
),
value = Value(
content = Text(user.email)
),
actions = Some(Actions(
items = Seq(
ActionItem(
href = "/agents-frontend/update-email",
content = Text("Change"),
)
)
))
),
SummaryListRow(
key = Key(
content = Text("Contact Number")
),
value = Value(
content = Text(user.contactNumber.toString())
),
actions = Some(Actions(
items = Seq(
ActionItem(
href = "/agents-frontend/update-contact",
content = Text("Change"),
)
)
))
),
SummaryListRow(
key = Key(
content = Text("Correspondence")
),
value = Value(
content = Text(user.moc.mkString(", "))
),
actions = Some(Actions(
items = Seq(
ActionItem(
href = "/agents-frontend/update-correspondence",
content = Text("Change"),
)
)
))
),
SummaryListRow(
key = Key(
content = Text("Address")
),
value = Value(
content = Text(user.propertyNumber+", "+user.postcode)
),
actions = Some(Actions(
items = Seq(
ActionItem(
href = "/agents-frontend/update-address",
content = Text("Change"),
)
)
))
)
)
))
}


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What you might get back after costs |
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| Unfavourable scenario |
What you might get back after costs |
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| Moderate scenario |
What you might get back after costs |
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| Favourable scenario |
What you might get back after costs |
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Girls Trips
Date: 06 August 2018
Hour: 6:00 pm
Description:
When four lifelong friends: Regina Hall, Queen Latifah, Jada Pinkett Smith and Tiffany Haddish - travel to New Orleans for the annual Essence Festival, sisterhoods are rekindled, wild sides are rediscovered, and there's enough dancing, drinking, brawling and romancing to make the Big Easy blush.


Securing Web Applications
Web applications are created by application developers who give, sell, or otherwise transfer the application to an application deployer for installation into a runtime environment. Application developers communicate how to set up security for the deployed application by using annotations or deployment descriptors. This information is passed on to the deployer, who uses it to define method permissions for security roles, set up user authentication, and set up the appropriate transport mechanism. If the application developer doesn’t define security requirements, the deployer will have to determine the security requirements independently.
Some elements necessary for security in a web application cannot be specified as annotations for all types of web applications. This chapter explains how to secure web applications using annotations wherever possible. It explains how to use deployment descriptors where annotations cannot be used.
Specifying Security Constraints
A security constraint is used to define the access privileges to a collection of resources using their URL mapping.
If your web application uses a servlet, you can express the security constraint information by using annotations. Specifically, you use the @HttpConstraint and, optionally, the @HttpMethodConstraint annotations within the @ServletSecurity annotation to specify a security constraint.
If your web application does not use a servlet, however, you must specify a security-constraint element in the deployment descriptor file. The authentication mechanism cannot be expressed using annotations, so if you use any authentication method other than BASIC (the default), a deployment descriptor is required.
The following subelements can be part of a security-constraint:
Web resource collection (web-resource-collection): A list of URL patterns (the part of a URL after the host name and port you want to constrain) and HTTP operations (the methods within the files that match the URL pattern you want to constrain) that describe a set of resources to be protected. Web resource collections are discussed in Specifying a Web Resource Collection.
Authorization constraint (auth-constraint): Specifies whether authentication is to be used and names the roles authorized to perform the constrained requests. For more information about authorization constraints, see Specifying an Authorization Constraint.
User data constraint (user-data-constraint): Specifies how data is protected when transported between a client and a server. User data constraints are discussed in Specifying a Secure Connection.
Specifying a Web Resource Collection
A web resource collection consists of the following subelements:
web-resource-name is the name you use for this resource. Its use is optional.
url-pattern is used to list the request URI to be protected. Many applications have both unprotected and protected resources. To provide unrestricted access to a resource, do not configure a security constraint for that particular request URI.
The request URI is the part of a URL after the host name and port. For example, let’s say that you have an e-commerce site with a catalog that you would want anyone to be able to access and browse, and a shopping cart area for customers only. You could set up the paths for your web application so that the pattern /cart/* is protected but nothing else is protected. Assuming that the application is installed at context path /myapp, the following are true:
http://localhost:8080/myapp/index.xhtml is not protected.
http://localhost:8080/myapp/cart/index.xhtml is protected.
A user will be prompted to log in the first time he or she accesses a resource in the cart/ subdirectory.
http-method or http-method-omission is used to specify which methods should be protected or which methods should be omitted from protection. An HTTP method is protected by a web-resource-collection under any of the following circumstances:
If no HTTP methods are named in the collection (which means that all are protected)
If the collection specifically names the HTTP method in an http-method subelement
If the collection contains one or more http-method-omission elements, none of which names the HTTP method
Specifying an Authorization Constraint
An authorization constraint (auth-constraint) contains the role-name element. You can use as many role-name elements as needed here.
An authorization constraint establishes a requirement for authentication and names the roles authorized to access the URL patterns and HTTP methods declared by this security constraint. If there is no authorization constraint, the container must accept the request without requiring user authentication. If there is an authorization constraint but no roles are specified within it, the container will not allow access to constrained requests under any circumstances. Each role name specified here must either correspond to the role name of one of the security-role elements defined for this web application or be the specially reserved role name *, which indicates all roles in the web application. Role names are case sensitive. The roles defined for the application must be mapped to users and groups defined on the server, except when default principal-to-role mapping is used.
For more information about security roles, see Declaring Security Roles. For information on mapping security roles, see Mapping Roles to Users and Groups.
For a servlet, the @HttpConstraint and @HttpMethodConstraint annotations accept a rolesAllowed element that specifies the authorized roles.
Specifying a Secure Connection
A user data constraint (user-data-constraint in the deployment descriptor) contains the transport-guarantee subelement. A user data constraint can be used to require that a protected transport-layer connection, such as HTTPS, be used for all constrained URL patterns and HTTP methods specified in the security constraint. The choices for transport guarantee are CONFIDENTIAL, INTEGRAL, or NONE. If you specify CONFIDENTIAL or INTEGRAL as a security constraint, it generally means that the use of SSL is required and applies to all requests that match the URL patterns in the web resource collection, not just to the login dialog box.
The strength of the required protection is defined by the value of the transport guarantee.
Specify CONFIDENTIAL when the application requires that data be transmitted so as to prevent other entities from observing the contents of the transmission.
Specify INTEGRAL when the application requires that the data be sent between client and server in such a way that it cannot be changed in transit.
Specify NONE to indicate that the container must accept the constrained requests on any connection, including an unprotected one.
Note - In practice, Java EE servers treat the CONFIDENTIAL and INTEGRAL transport guarantee values identically.
The user data constraint is handy to use in conjunction with basic and form-based user authentication. When the login authentication method is set to BASIC or FORM, passwords are not protected, meaning that passwords sent between a client and a server on an unprotected session can be viewed and intercepted by third parties. Using a user data constraint with the user authentication mechanism can alleviate this concern. Configuring a user authentication mechanism is described in Specifying an Authentication Mechanism in the Deployment Descriptor.
To guarantee that data is transported over a secure connection, ensure that SSL support is configured for your server. SSL support is already configured for the GlassFish Server.
Note - After you switch to SSL for a session, you should never accept any non-SSL requests for the rest of that session. For example, a shopping site might not use SSL until the checkout page, and then it might switch to using SSL to accept your card number. After switching to SSL, you should stop listening to non-SSL requests for this session. The reason for this practice is that the session ID itself was not encrypted on the earlier communications. This is not so bad when you’re only doing your shopping, but after the credit card information is stored in the session, you don’t want anyone to use that information to fake the purchase transaction against your credit card. This practice could be easily implemented by using a filter.
Specifying Separate Security Constraints for Various Resources
You can create a separate security constraint for various resources within your application. For example, you could allow users with the role of PARTNER access to the GET and POST methods of all resources with the URL pattern /acme/wholesale/* and allow users with the role of CLIENT access to the GET and POST methods of all resources with the URL pattern /acme/retail/*. An example of a deployment descriptor that would demonstrate this functionality is the following:
<!-- SECURITY CONSTRAINT #1 --> <security-constraint> <web-resource-collection> <web-resource-name>wholesale</web-resource-name> <url-pattern>/acme/wholesale/*</url-pattern> <http-method>GET</http-method> <http-method>POST</http-method> </web-resource-collection> <auth-constraint> <role-name>PARTNER</role-name> </auth-constraint> <user-data-constraint> <transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee> </user-data-constraint> </security-constraint> <!-- SECURITY CONSTRAINT #2 --> <security-constraint> <web-resource-collection> <web-resource-name>retail</web-resource-name> <url-pattern>/acme/retail/*</url-pattern> <http-method>GET</http-method> <http-method>POST</http-method> </web-resource-collection> <auth-constraint> <role-name>CLIENT</role-name> </auth-constraint> <user-data-constraint> <transport-guarantee>CONFIDENTIAL</transport-guarantee> </user-data-constraint> </security-constraint>
When the same url-pattern and http-method occur in multiple security constraints, the constraints on the pattern and method are defined by combining the individual constraints, which could result in unintentional denial of access.
Specifying Authentication Mechanisms
A user authentication mechanism specifies
The way a user gains access to web content
With basic authentication, the realm in which the user will be authenticated
With form-based authentication, additional attributes
When an authentication mechanism is specified, the user must be authenticated before access is granted to any resource that is constrained by a security constraint. There can be multiple security constraints applying to multiple resources, but the same authentication method will apply to all constrained resources in an application.
Before you can authenticate a user, you must have a database of user names, passwords, and roles configured on your web or application server. For information on setting up the user database, see Managing Users and Groups on the GlassFish Server.
The Java EE platform supports the following authentication mechanisms:
Basic authentication
Form-based authentication
Digest authentication
Client authentication
Mutual authentication
Basic, form-based, and digest authentication are discussed in this section. Client and mutual authentication are discussed in Chapter 42, Java EE Security: Advanced Topics and Example.
HTTP basic authentication and form-based authentication are not very secure authentication mechanisms. Basic authentication sends user names and passwords over the Internet as Base64-encoded text. Form-based authentication sends this data as plain text. In both cases, the target server is not authenticated. Therefore, these forms of authentication leave user data exposed and vulnerable. If someone can intercept the transmission, the user name and password information can easily be decoded.
However, when a secure transport mechanism, such as SSL, or security at the network level, such as the Internet Protocol Security (IPsec) protocol or virtual private network (VPN) strategies, is used in conjunction with basic or form-based authentication, some of these concerns can be alleviated. To specify a secure transport mechanism, use the elements described in Specifying a Secure Connection.
HTTP Basic Authentication
Specifying HTTP basic authentication requires that the server request a user name and password from the web client and verify that the user name and password are valid by comparing them against a database of authorized users in the specified or default realm.
Basic authentication is the default when you do not specify an authentication mechanism.
When basic authentication is used, the following actions occur:
A client requests access to a protected resource.
The web server returns a dialog box that requests the user name and password.
The client submits the user name and password to the server.
The server authenticates the user in the specified realm and, if successful, returns the requested resource.
Figure 40-2 shows what happens when you specify HTTP basic authentication.
Form-Based Authentication
Form-based authentication allows the developer to control the look and feel of the login authentication screens by customizing the login screen and error pages that an HTTP browser presents to the end user. When form-based authentication is declared, the following actions occur.
A client requests access to a protected resource.
If the client is unauthenticated, the server redirects the client to a login page.
The client submits the login form to the server.
The server attempts to authenticate the user.
If authentication succeeds, the authenticated user’s principal is checked to ensure that it is in a role that is authorized to access the resource. If the user is authorized, the server redirects the client to the resource by using the stored URL path.
If authentication fails, the client is forwarded or redirected to an error page.
Figure 40-3 shows what happens when you specify form-based authentication.
The section Example: Form-Based Authentication with a JavaServer Faces Application is an example application that uses form-based authentication.
When you create a form-based login, be sure to maintain sessions using cookies or SSL session information.
For authentication to proceed appropriately, the action of the login form must always be j_security_check. This restriction is made so that the login form will work no matter which resource it is for and to avoid requiring the server to specify the action field of the outbound form. The following code snippet shows how the form should be coded into the HTML page:
<form method="POST" action="j_security_check"> <input type="text" name="j_username"> <input type="password" name="j_password"> </form>
Digest Authentication
Like basic authentication, digest authentication authenticates a user based on a user name and a password. However, unlike basic authentication, digest authentication does not send user passwords over the network. Instead, the client sends a one-way cryptographic hash of the password and additional data. Although passwords are not sent on the wire, digest authentication requires that clear-text password equivalents be available to the authenticating container so that it can validate received authenticators by calculating the expected digest.
Specifying an Authentication Mechanism in the Deployment Descriptor
To specify an authentication mechanism, use the login-config element. It can contain the following subelements.
The auth-method subelement configures the authentication mechanism for the web application. The element content must be either NONE, BASIC, DIGEST, FORM, or CLIENT-CERT.
The realm-name subelement indicates the realm name to use when the basic authentication scheme is chosen for the web application.
The form-login-config subelement specifies the login and error pages that should be used when form-based login is specified.
Note - Another way to specify form-based authentication is to use the authenticate, login, and logout methods of HttpServletRequest, as discussed in Authenticating Users Programmatically.
When you try to access a web resource that is constrained by a security-constraint element, the web container activates the authentication mechanism that has been configured for that resource. The authentication mechanism specifies how the user will be prompted to log in. If the login-config element is present and the auth-method element contains a value other than NONE, the user must be authenticated to access the resource. If you do not specify an authentication mechanism, authentication of the user is not required.
The following example shows how to declare form-based authentication in your deployment descriptor:
<login-config> <auth-method>FORM</auth-method> <realm-name>file</realm-name> <form-login-config> <form-login-page>/login.xhtml</form-login-page> <form-error-page>/error.xhtml</form-error-page> </form-login-config> </login-config>
The login and error page locations are specified relative to the location of the deployment descriptor. Examples of login and error pages are shown in Creating the Login Form and the Error Page.
The following example shows how to declare digest authentication in your deployment descriptor:
<login-config> <auth-method>DIGEST</auth-method> </login-config>
Declaring Security Roles
You can declare security role names used in web applications by using the security-role element of the deployment descriptor. Use this element to list all the security roles that you have referenced in your application.
The following snippet of a deployment descriptor declares the roles that will be used in an application using the security-role element and specifies which of these roles is authorized to access protected resources using the auth-constraint element:
<security-constraint> <web-resource-collection> <web-resource-name>Protected Area</web-resource-name> <url-pattern>/security/protected/*</url-pattern> <http-method>PUT</http-method> <http-method>DELETE</http-method> <http-method>GET</http-method> <http-method>POST</http-method> </web-resource-collection> <auth-constraint> <role-name>manager</role-name> </auth-constraint> </security-constraint> <!-- Security roles used by this web application --> <security-role> <role-name>manager</role-name> </security-role> <security-role> <role-name>employee</role-name> </security-role>
In this example, the security-role element lists all the security roles used in the application: manager and employee. This enables the deployer to map all the roles defined in the application to users and groups defined on the GlassFish Server.
The auth-constraint element specifies the role, manager, that can access the HTTP methods PUT, DELETE, GET, POST located in the directory specified by the url-pattern element (/jsp/security/protected/*).
The @ServletSecurity annotation cannot be used in this situation because its constraints apply to all URL patterns specified by the @WebServlet annotation.