Python 3.5¶
Below is a list of finalised/accepted PEPs for Python 3.5 grouped into their impact to MicroPython.
Extensions to the syntax |
Status |
|
Additional unpacking generalizations |
Partial |
|
A new matrix multiplication operator |
Complete |
|
Coroutines with |
Complete |
|
Extensions and changes to runtime |
||
% formatting for binary strings |
Complete |
|
Retrying system calls that fail with |
Complete |
|
Change |
Complete |
|
Standard library changes |
||
|
||
|
Complete |
|
Miscellaneous changes |
||
Improved Python zip application support |
||
Make the Python Launcher aware of virtual environments |
Not relevant |
|
Type hints (advisory only) |
Complete [1] |
|
Elimination of PYO files |
Not relevant |
|
Redesigning extension module loading |
Other Language Changes:
Added the namereplace error handlers. The backslashreplace error handlers now work with decoding and translating. |
|
Property docstrings are now writable. This is especially useful for collections.namedtuple() docstrings |
|
Circular imports involving relative imports are now supported. |
New Modules:
Changes to built-in modules:
The OrderedDict class is now implemented in C, which makes it 4 to 100 times faster. |
|
OrderedDict.items() , OrderedDict.keys() , OrderedDict.values() views now support reversed() iteration. |
|
The deque class now defines index(), insert(), and copy(), and supports the + and * operators. |
|
Docstrings produced by namedtuple() can now be updated. |
|
The UserString class now implements the __getnewargs__(), __rmod__(), casefold(), format_map(), isprintable(), and maketrans() methods to match the corresponding methods of str. |
|
Element comparison in merge() can now be customized by passing a key function in a new optional key keyword argument, and a new optional reverse keyword argument can be used to reverse element comparison |
|
A new BufferedIOBase.readinto1() method, that uses at most one call to the underlying raw stream’s RawIOBase.read() or RawIOBase.readinto() methods |
|
JSON decoder now raises JSONDecodeError instead of ValueError to provide better context information about the error. |
|
Two new constants have been added to the math module: inf and nan. |
Complete |
A new function isclose() provides a way to test for approximate equality. |
|
A new gcd() function has been added. The fractions.gcd() function is now deprecated. |
|
The new scandir() function returning an iterator of DirEntry objects has been added. |
|
The urandom() function now uses the getrandom() syscall on Linux 3.17 or newer, and getentropy() on OpenBSD 5.6 and newer, removing the need to use /dev/urandom and avoiding failures due to potential file descriptor exhaustion. |
|
New get_blocking() and set_blocking() functions allow getting and setting a file descriptor’s blocking mode (O_NONBLOCK.) |
|
There is a new os.path.commonpath() function returning the longest common sub-path of each passed pathname |
|
References and conditional references to groups with fixed length are now allowed in lookbehind assertions |
|
The number of capturing groups in regular expressions is no longer limited to 100. |
|
The sub() and subn() functions now replace unmatched groups with empty strings instead of raising an exception. |
|
The re.error exceptions have new attributes, msg, pattern, pos, lineno, and colno, that provide better context information about the error |
|
Functions with timeouts now use a monotonic clock, instead of a system clock. |
|
A new socket.sendfile() method allows sending a file over a socket by using the high-performance os.sendfile() function on UNIX, resulting in uploads being from 2 to 3 times faster than when using plain socket.send() |
|
The socket.sendall() method no longer resets the socket timeout every time bytes are received or sent. The socket timeout is now the maximum total duration to send all data. |
|
The backlog argument of the socket.listen() method is now optional. By default it is set to SOMAXCONN or to 128, whichever is less. |
Complete |
Memory BIO Support |
|
Application-Layer Protocol Negotiation Support |
|
There is a new SSLSocket.version() method to query the actual protocol version in use. |
|
The SSLSocket class now implements a SSLSocket.sendfile() method. |
|
The SSLSocket.send() method now raises either the ssl.SSLWantReadError or ssl.SSLWantWriteError exception on a non-blocking socket if the operation would block. Previously, it would return 0. |
|
The cert_time_to_seconds() function now interprets the input time as UTC and not as local time, per RFC 5280. Additionally, the return value is always an int. |
|
New SSLObject.shared_ciphers() and SSLSocket.shared_ciphers() methods return the list of ciphers sent by the client during the handshake. |
|
The SSLSocket.do_handshake(), SSLSocket.read(), SSLSocket.shutdown(), and SSLSocket.write() methods of the SSLSocket class no longer reset the socket timeout every time bytes are received or sent. |
|
The match_hostname() function now supports matching of IP addresses. |
|
A new set_coroutine_wrapper() function allows setting a global hook that will be called whenever a coroutine object is created by an async def function. A corresponding get_coroutine_wrapper() can be used to obtain a currently set wrapper. |
|
A new is_finalizing() function can be used to check if the Python interpreter is shutting down. |
|
The monotonic() function is now always available |
Notes


| Interface | Description |
|---|---|
| DirectoryScanner | |
| RunOrderCalculator | |
| ScannerFilter | |
| ScanResult |
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| CloseableIterator<T> |
This iterator is marked as stopped if
CloseableIterator.isClosed() returns true . |
| DefaultDirectoryScanner |
Scans directories looking for tests.
|
| DefaultRunOrderCalculator |
Applies the final runorder of the tests
|
| DefaultScanResult | |
| ReflectionUtils | |
| RunOrder |
A RunOrder specifies the order in which the tests will be run.
|
| TestsToRun |
Contains all the tests that have been found according to specified include/exclude
specification for a given surefire run.
|
| UrlUtils |
Utility for dealing with URLs in pre-JDK 1.4.
|
| Exception | Description |
|---|---|
| SurefireReflectionException |
Exception indicating that surefire had problems with reflection.
|
Copyright © 2004–2015 The Apache Software Foundation. All rights reserved.


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shgpy.core.utilities module¶
- shgpy.core.utilities.make_tensor_complex(tensor, prefix=('real_', 'imag_'), suffix=('', ''))¶
Substitute e.g.
x
in sympy expression withreal_x+1j*imag_x
.In sympy, variables initalized by
x = sympy.symbols('x')
are by default assumed to be complex. In order to make this more explicit (e.g. forgenerate_contracted_fourier_transforms()
), we replacex
byreal_x + 1j*imag_x
.- Parameters:
- tensorndarray
- prefixtuple of str, optional
The prefixes of the newly-created real and imaginary variables. Defaults to
('real_', 'imag_')
.- suffixtuple of str, optional
The prefixes of the newly-created real and imaginary variables. Defaults to
('', '')
.
- Returns:
- complex_tensorndarray
- shgpy.core.utilities.make_tensor_real(tensor)¶
Substitute e.g.
x
in sympy expression with its real counterpart.In sympy, variables initalized by
x = sympy.symbols('x')
are by default assumed to be complex. In order to make this more explicit (e.g. forgenerate_contracted_fourier_transforms()
), we replacesympy.Symbol('x')
bysympy.Symbol('x', real=True)
.- Parameters:
- tensorndarray
- Returns:
- real_tensorndarray
- shgpy.core.utilities.map_to_real(sym)¶
Map a sympy.Symbol to its real counterpart.
- shgpy.core.utilities.particularize(tensor, exclude=[], permute_all_indices=False)¶
Particularize tensor (e.g. enforce
chi_ijk = chi_ikj
).Because (e.g.)
P_i = chi_ijk E_j E_k
,chi_ijk
needs to be symmetric in its last two indices. This symmetry is not documented in SHG tables, so it needs to be implemented manually. Functions using thesolve
function of sympy.solvers.- Parameters:
- tensorndarray
Tensor to be particularized.
- excludelist of sympy.Symbol objects
Variables to exlude from the solver. Defaults to
[]
.- permute_all_indicesbool, optional
Whether to permute all indices, not just the last two. Useful for materials where Kleinman symmetry is preserved. Default is False.
- Returns:
- particularized_tensorndarray
- shgpy.core.utilities.rotation_matrix3(n, t)¶
Returns the 3x3 matrix which rotates by t about n
- Parameters:
- nndarray
Axis of rotation (ndim = 3).
- tint, float, …
Angle (in radians) to rotate by.
- Returns:
- rotation_matrix3ndarray of float
- shgpy.core.utilities.rotation_matrix3symb(n, t, ndigits=16)¶
Duplicate of
rotation_matrix3()
, but accepts sympy.Symbol angle argument.- Parameters:
- nndarray
Axis of rotation (ndim = 3).
- tsympy.Symbol, …
Angle to rotate by.
- Returns:
- rotation_matrix3symbndarray of sympy.Expr
- shgpy.core.utilities.rotation_matrix_from_two_vectors(v_initial, v_final, accuracy=0.01, ndigits=16)¶
Return rotation matrix which takes v_initial -> v_final.
- Parameters:
- v_initialndarray
- v_finalndarray
- accuracyfloat, optional
Precision to which v_final is achieved. Defaults to 0.1.
- ndigitsint, optional
Number of digits to round off to. Defaults to 16.
- Returns:
- rotation_matrix3ndarray of float
- shgpy.core.utilities.tensor_contract(tensor, index_pairs)¶
Contract a tensor against to pairs of indices.
- Parameters:
- tensorndarray
- index_pairsarray_like of array_like of int
List of pairs of indices, e.g.
[[1, 3], [2, 4]]
.
- shgpy.core.utilities.tensor_product(*tensors)¶
Tensor product of multiple tensors.
- shgpy.core.utilities.transform(tensor, operation)¶
Transform a tensor by a given operation.
- Parameters:
- tensorndarray
- operationndarray
Operation to transform tensor by. Should be rank 2.
- Returns:
- transformed_tensorndarray
- shgpy.core.utilities.union(*arrays)¶
Union of multiple arrays.


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Interact
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Several user studies and interviews were conducted to gather requirements. The following are the main requirements gathered:
Several sketches have been drawn by brain storming before "making the right design". Check out the sketch diary for the detailed sketch iterations
Formative evaluation is done while the system is in design phase before implementation. Wizard of Oz method has been used to evaluate the system in design. Refer to the formative evaluation documentation for further details
Formative Evaluation Documentation
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Ramkiran Chevendra
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Sass--or Syntactically Awesome StyleSheets--is "an extension of CSS that adds power and elegance to the basic language" (Sass docs).
It provides us with several handy features that help keep CSS clean and functional.
You can think of it as a set of tools which make styling your website easier; kind of like trading a screw-driver for a powerdrill.
(Warning: jargon ahead) Sass is a scripting language which is interpreted in CSS by a preprocessor. It actually has two syntaxes!
The first, Sass (.sass file extension), is an indented syntax similar to haml. This means that blocks are determined by whitespace. This syntax is older, and has fallen out of style.
The second, Sassy CSS (.scss file extension), is an extension of CSS3 syntax. Any valid CSS statement is also a valid SCSS statement, which makes it more user-friendly.
sass-convert will convert between the two.
Sass has a couple of really cool features that I will be covering today:
You read right--Sass uses variables!
$primary: #B2D5BA;
$secondary: #3299BB;
$font: 'Open Sans', sans-serif;
h1, h2, h3, h4, p, a{
font-family: $font;
color: $secondary;
}
article{
background: $primary;
}
Sass supports nesting your statements.
#navigation{
width: 100%;
background: $secondary;
li{
display: inline-block;
}
p{
font-size: 16px;
}
}
No more redundant and unorganized code!
You can inherit from other elements, then modify them to the element you're currently styling
.block{
@extend .other-block;
color:
Basically macros, with a cute name
@mixin border-radius($radius){
-webkit-border-radius: $radius;
-moz-border-radius: $radius;
-o-border-radius: $radius;
border-radius: $radius;
}
.box {@include border-radius(10px);}
Although the types must match up (no 100%-70px), you can also perform basic arithmetic with your css
$width: 500px;
$height: 200px;
div{
width: ($width/$height);
}
If, for, each, while...


| Departs Manhattan |
Departs Governors Island |
|---|---|
| 10:00 AM | 10:30 AM |
| 11:00 AM | 11:30 AM |
| Every Hour | Every Hour |
| 4:00 PM Last Boat* | 5:00 PM* |
| 6:00 PM Last Boat* | |
| *indicates last ferry boat |
| Departs Manhattan |
Departs Governors Island |
|---|---|
| 10:00 AM | 10:30 AM |
| 11:00 AM | 11:30 AM |
| 11:30 AM | 12:00 PM |
| Every 30 Minutes | Every 30 Minutes |
| 6:30 PM | 6:30 PM |
| 7:00 PM* | 7:00 PM* |
| *Indicates last ferry boat |
| Departs Brooklyn |
Departs Governors Island |
|---|---|
| 11:00 AM | 10:30 AM |
| 11:30 AM | 11:30 AM |
| 12:00 AM | Every Hour |
| 12:30 PM | 4:30 PM |
| Every 30 Minutes | Every 30 Minutes |
| 5:30 PM* | 6:30 pm |
| 7:00 PM* | |
| *Indicates last ferry boat |
The Governors Island ferry departs from the Battery Maritime Building located at 10 South Street, adjacent to the Staten Island Ferry in Lower Manhattan. The ferry terminal is accessible as follows:
The Governors Island Brooklyn ferry departs from Pier 6 in Brooklyn Bridge Park, at the foot of Atlantic Avenue. Directions to the Governors Island Brooklyn Ferry (Weekends ONLY)
Children under 12 ride for free at all times and senior citizens' fares are half price.
Tickets and season passes can be purchased online at the New York Waterway website, through the NY Waterway App, and in person at the ticket offices at the Battery Maritime Building in Manhattan or at Pier 6 in Brooklyn when ferries are running.


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{{ error_message }}
{% endif %}


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This is odd. We can't seem to find any terminal data for this. Did something go wrong? Are you sure you got the right page?