Supreme Court Monthly Digest- October 2019
by LIVELAW NEWS NETWORKSuccession To Mutawalliship By Descendant Through Female Line Not Barred
Md. Abrar vs. Meghalaya Board of Wakf
The Supreme Court held that there is no legal bar on cognatic heirs of the waqif from succeeding to mutawalliship. The bench comprising Justice NV Ramana, Justice Mohan M. Shantanagoudar and Justice Ajay Rastogi reiterated that in order to establish a claim of hereditary succession to mutawalli-ship, the intention of the waqif, as manifested either through the directions given in the waqf deed or the creation of a custom, is of paramount importance.
Female Descendant Cannot Be Mutawalli If Wakif Intended To Exclude Them
Syeda Nazira Khatoon (D) vs. Syed Zahiruddin Ahmed Baghdadi
The Supreme Court observed that, though women can also hold the office of Mutawalli under Mohammedan law, but if the wakif intended to create the Mutawalliship only in favour of male descendants, a female descendant cannot stake any claim to the Mutawalliship of the wakf estate. The bench comprising Justice NV Ramana, Justice Mohan M. Shantanagoudar and Justice Ajay Rastogi observed thus while affirming the cancellation of the appointment of one Nazira Khatoon as the permanent Mutawalli of a wakf estate.
Specific Performance- Illegal Agreement To Sell Can't Be Enforced In Favour Of Plaintiff
Narayanamma vs. Govindappa
The Supreme Court observed that an agreement contrary to law cannot be enforced by the court in favour of plaintiff in a suit for specific performance, even if the defendant, who was also party to such illegality stands benefitted by it.
Police Cannot Attach Immovable Property Under Sec.102 CrPC During Investigation
Nevada Properties Private Limited V. State Of Maharashtra And Anr
The Supreme Court held that police does not have the power to attach immovable property during investigation under Section 102 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The judgment was delivered by the bench comprising CJI Ranjan Gogoi, Justices Deepak Gupta and Sanjiv Khanna. However, police does have authority to freeze moveable properties of the accused, clarified the bench.
Crucial Date For Deciding Bonafide Requirement Of Landlord Is The Date Of Application For Eviction
D. Sasi Kumar vs. Soundararajan
The crucial date for deciding the bonafide requirement of landlord is the date of application for eviction, the Supreme Court reiterated. The High Court, in this case, while setting aside the concurrent eviction orders passed by Rent Control Authorities under, had observed that the bonafide occupation as sought should be not only on the date of the petition but it should continue to be there on the date of final adjudication of rights.
Section 34 Arbitration Act- Additional Evidence Can Be Adduced Only In Exceptional Cases
Canara Nidhi Limited vs. M. Shashikala
The Supreme Court held that proceedings under Section 34 of Arbitration and Conciliation Act will not ordinarily require anything beyond the record that was before the arbitrator and only in exceptional case, additional evidence can be permitted to be adduced. The bench comprising Justice R. Banumathi and Justice AS Bopanna was considering an appeal against a High Court order which grant opportunity to a party to Section 34 Proceedings to adduce additional evidence.
Chief Judicial Magistrates Competent To Entertain Applications U/s 14 SARFAESI Act
Authorized Officer, Indian Bank v D Visalakshi and others
In an important judgment, the Supreme Court held that a Chief Judicial Magistrate is equally competent to deal with the application moved by the secured creditor under Section 14 of the Securitisation and Reconstruction of Financial Assets and Enforcement of Security Interest Act (SARFAESI).
Section 138 NI Act: Legal Heirs Of Deceased Convict Can Challenge Conviction
M. Abbas Haji vs. T.N. Channakeshava
The Supreme Court held that legal heirs of a deceased accused convicted under Section 138 of Negotiable Instrument Act have a right to challenge the conviction of their predecessor only to show that he was not guilty of any offence.
Donee Not Required To Examine Attesting Witness If There Is No Specific Denial Of Execution Of Gift
Govindbhai Chhotabhai Patel vs. Patel Ramanbhai Mathurbhai
The Supreme Court held that, when the execution of the gift deed was not specifically denied in the suit filed, it is not necessary for the Donee to examine one of the attesting witnesses in terms of proviso to Section 68 of the Indian Evidence Act, 1872.
Section 102 CrPC- Expression 'Any Property' Does Not Include 'Immovable Property'
Nevada Properties Private Limited Vs. State Of Maharashtra
The Supreme Court held that the expression 'any property' appearing in Section 102 of the Code of Criminal Procedure would not include 'immovable property'. The bench comprising Chief Justice Ranjan Gogoi, Justice Deepak Gupta and Justice Sanjiv Khanna observed thus while holding that a power of a police officer under Section 102 of the Criminal Procedure Code to seize any property, which may be found under circumstances that create suspicion of the commission of any offence, would not include the power to attach, seize and seal an immovable property.
IBC- Article 137 Limitation Act Applies To Section 7 Applications; Not Article 62
Gaurav Hargovindbhai Dave Vs. Asset Reconstruction Company (India) Ltd.
The Supreme Court held that Article 62 of the Limitation Act would only apply to suits and not to "an application" which is filed under Section 7 of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code, which would fall only within the residuary Article 137.
Rent Controller's Power To Strike Out Defence Of Tenant On Failure To Pay Rent Is Discretionary
Dina Nath (D ) vs. Subhash Chand Saini
The Supreme Court held that the power to strike out the defence vested in the Rent Controller under Section 15(7) of the Delhi Rent Control Act, 1958 is discretionary and not mandatory. Mere failure to pay rent on the part of the tenant is not enough to justify an order striking out the defence and it is only a wilful failure or deliberate default or volitional of non-performance that can call for the exercise of the extraordinary power vested in the Court, the bench comprising Justice Arun Mishra, Justice MR Shah and Justice Ajay Rastogi held.
Father's Self Acquired Property Given To Son By Will/Gift Retains Character Of Self Acquired Property Unless The Deed Intends Otherwise
Govindbhai Chhotabhai Patel and ors v Patel Ramanbhai Mathurbhai
The Supreme Court held that as per Mitakshara Law of Succession, father's self-acquired property given to son by way of Will/gift will retain the character of self acquired property and will not become ancestral property, unless a contrary intention is expressed in the testament.The bench comprising Justices L Nageswara Rao and Hemant Gupta was dealing with an appeal from the High Court of Gujarat.
Right Of Minority Educational Institutions Not Absolute; Are Amenable To Regulations
Andhra Kesari College of Education & Anr V. State of Andhra Pradesh & Ors
While turning down the plea challenging certain G.O.Ms issued by Government of Andhra Pradesh, the Supreme Court observed that the right of minority institutions is not absolute, and is amenable to regulation and that the protection granted to Minority Educational Institutions to admit students of their choice is subject to reasonable restrictions.
Medium Of Instruction Of School Irrelevant To Discover Whether It Is A Linguistic Minority Institution Or Not
Chandana Das (Malakar) v. State of West Bengalwhile
The Supreme Court observed that the medium of instruction, whether it be Hindi, English, Bengali or some other language would be wholly irrelevant to discover as to whether the said school was founded by a linguistic minority for the purpose of imparting education to members of its community. The bench comprising Justice Rohinton Fali Nariman, Justice R. Subhash Reddy and Justice Surya Kant made this observation answering reference made to it after a division bench delivered split verdict in an appeal against the judgment of Calcutta High Court.
Date Of Default Alone Is Relevant For Triggering Limitation For Winding Up Petition: SC Dismisses IL&FS Petition Against La-Fin
Jignesh Shah & Anr. V. Union of India
The Supreme Court held that the the date of default alone is relevant for the limitation of filing of a winding up petition against a company. It cannot be said that the limitation period will start only after the company has gone into commercial insolvency or has lost the substratum of its business, added the Court.
Fundamental Right Of Minorities To Administer Educational Institutions Cannot Be Waived
Chandana Das (Malakar) v. State of West Bengal
The Supreme Court reiterated that the fundamental right of Minorities under Article 30 of the Constitution of India to administer educational institutions cannot be waived. The bench comprising Justice RF Nariman, Justice R.Subhash Reddy and Justice Surya Kant was answering a reference which arose out of a split judgment by division bench (Justice TS Thakur and Justice R Banumathi) in which one of the judges (Justice Banumathi) held that the school having accepted the special constitution in terms of Rule 8(3) of the Rules, the school is estopped from contending that it is a minority institution governed by special rules to be framed by the State under Rule 33 of the Rules.
Concession In Law Made By Lawyer Not Binding On Client
Director Of Elementary Education,Odisha & Ors. V. Pramod Kumar Sahoo
The Supreme Court observed that concession by a counsel (lawyer) as to matters of law before a Court is not binding on the client. In this case, Odisha Administrative Tribunal had allowed an application filed by Pramod Kumar Sahoo, a Teacher. In his OA, the applicant had claimed that he is entitled to pay scale of Rs.840 to Rs.1240 from the very day of his appointment and pay scale of Rs. 1080-1800 after Orissa Revised Scales of Pay Rules, 1989 as amended in the year 1990.
A Plaintiff Can Claim Title To The Property Based On Adverse Possession
Krishnamurthy S. Setlur (D) vs. O. V. Narasimha Setty (D)
A plaintiff can claim title to the property based on adverse possession, the Supreme Court reiterated. In this case, the appeal arose from a suit filed by a plaintiff who claimed that he was in possession of the land from 1963 to 1981 claiming ownership as against defendant and that his possession had matured into title.
Witnesses To Sale Deed/Will Need Not Necessarily Know Its Contents Hemkunwar Bai vs. Sumersingh
The Supreme Court observed that the witnesses to documents such as Sale Deeds and Wills need not necessarily know what is contained in them. The plaintiff in the suit had prayed for a declaration that she be declared to be the owner in possession of the suit property and also prayed that the defendants be injuncted from interfering in her possession. It was contended that the two sale-deeds and the Will in favour of defendants are sham and fraudulent documents and not binding upon her. The Trial Court decreed the Suit. However, the High court dismissed the Suit allowing the appeal filed by the defendants.
Issue Of Invalidity Of Sanction To Be Raised During Trial, Not At Stage Of Discharge Application
Central Bureau of Investigation (CBI) Vs. Pramila Virendra Kumar Agarwal
The Supreme Court held that though the absence of sanction can be agitated during stage of discharge application, but the issue of invalidity of the sanction is to be raised during the trial.
NDPS Act - Non Production Of Entire Contraband By Itself Not A Ground For Acquittal
State of Rajasthan V. Sahi Ram
The Supreme Court held that non-production of contraband material, by itself, is not a ground for acquittal, if its seizure is otherwise proved. On this ground, the bench of Justices U U Lalit and Vineet Saran set aside the acquittal ordered by the High Court in a case under Narcotic Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act 1985.
[Exception 4 To Section 300 IPC] Accused Party Armed With Weapons Can't Claim the Benefit Of Sudden Fight
Guru @ Gurubaran vs. State
The Supreme Court observed that when the accused party came armed at the scene of crime, it clearly indicates that the occurrence did not take place in the heat of passion, upon a sudden quarrel to claim the exception 4 to Section 300 IPC. In this appeal the contention of the accused convicted for murder was that the offence was not of murder but may amount to culpable homicide not amounting to murder and that the case would fall within Exception 4 to Section 300 IPC.
Is A Wife Divorced By Husband On Ground Of Desertion Entitled To Maintenance ? SC Answers
Dr. Swapan Kumar Banerjee vs. State of WB
The Supreme Court observed that a wife, who has been divorced by the husband, on the ground that the wife has deserted him, is entitled to claim maintenance under Section 125 of the Code of Criminal Procedure. The bench comprising Justice Deepak Gupta and Justice Aniruddha Bose, refusing the plea to refer this issue to a larger bench, observed that this view has been consistently taken by the Supreme Court and is in line with both the letter and spirit of the Criminal Procedure Code.
Article 137 Limitation Act Applies To Proceedings For Cancellation Of Probate/Letter Of Administration
Ramesh Nivrutti Bhagwat vs. Dr. Surendra Manohar Parakhe
The Supreme Court observed that Article 137 of the Limitation Act, which provides for 3 year limitation period, applies to the proceedings under Indian Succession Act for moving an application for cancellation of probate or letters of administration.
Inherent Powers Under Article 142 Can Be Invoked To Dissolve Marriage Which Has Broken Down Irretrievably
R. Srinivas Kumar vs. R. Shametha
The Supreme Court observed that it can exercise its inherent powers under Article 142 of the Constitution of India for dissolution of a marriage where it finds that the marriage is totally unworkable, emotionally dead, beyond salvage and has broken down irretrievably, even if the facts of the case do not provide a ground in law on which the divorce could be granted.
Services Given By Incorporated Clubs To Members Exempted From Service Tax
Chief Commissioner of Central Excise & Service and others v Ranchi Club Ltd
The Supreme Court held that services given by an incorporated club to its members are exempted from service tax. In the case the bench comprising Justices R F Nariman, Surya Kant and Ramasubramanian upheld the judgments of High Courts of Gujarat and Jharkhand which ruled out service tax liability on clubs for service to their members on the reasoning that there were no distinct legal entities of 'service provider' and 'service recipient' in a transaction between a members' club and its members.
Non-Mentioning Of Correct Provision Not Fatal To Application If The Power To Pass Order Is Available With Court
Pruthvirajsinh Nodhubha Jadeja (D) vs. Jayeshkumar Chhakaddas Shah
The Supreme court observed that mere non-mentioning of an correct provision is not fatal to the application if the power to pass such an order is available with the court. In the appeal the bench comprising Justice Deepak Gupta and Justice Anniruddha Bose observed that JCS as an assignee of the rights of the original plaintiff, had a right to be impleaded as a plaintiff in place of MMT.
Applying 'Residual Doubt Theory', SC Commutes Death Penalty Awarded For Rape-Murder Of Minor
Ravishankar @ Baba Vishwakarma V. State of Maharashtra
The Supreme Court applied "residual doubt theory" to commute the death penalty awarded to a person for rape and murder of a 13 year old girl. As per this theory, a higher standard of proof than used at the conviction stage is used to assess whether the convict deserves death penalty.
Disputes Arising Out Of Immovable Property 'Actually Used' In Trade Or Commerce Alone Are 'Commercial Disputes'
Ambalal Sarabhai Enterprises Ltd. vs. K.S. Infraspace LLP
The Supreme Court held that, in order to fall within Section 2(1)(c)(vii) of the Commercial Courts Act, the immovable property must be "used exclusively" or "being used exclusively" in trade or commerce. The bench comprising Justice R. Banumathi and Justice AS Bopanna made it clear that the words 'used exclusively in trade or commerce' denotes "actually used" and it cannot be either "ready for use" or "likely to be used" or "to be used".
No Levy Of Sales Tax On Supply Of Food & Drinks By Clubs To Its Members
State of West Bengal v Calcutta Club Ltd
The Supreme Court held that there is no levy of sales tax on the supply of food and beverages by members' clubs, whether incorporated and unincorporated, to its members. Answering a reference in the case, a three judges bench comprising Justices R F Nariman, Surya Kant and Rama Subramanian held that the "doctrine of mutuality" , as propounded in the case CTO v. Young Men's Indian Assn., (1970) 1 SCC 462, continued to operate even after the 46th amendment to the Constitution which inserted Article 366(29-A).
Road Traffic Offences Can Be Prosecuted Under Both IPC & Motor Vehicles Act: SC Sets Aside Gauhati HC Directive
The State Of Arunachal Pradesh V.Ramchandra Rabidas @ Ratan Rabidas & Anr.
The Supreme Court observed that road traffic offences can be prosecuted under Motor Vehicles Act as well as Indian Penal Code. The bench comprising Justice Indu Malhotra and Justice Khanna observed thus while setting aside the direction issued by the Gauhati High Court to States of Assam, Nagaland, Meghalaya, Manipur, Tripura, Mizoram and Arunachal Pradesh that road traffic offences shall be dealt with only under the provisions of the Motor Vehicles Act and not under the provisions of Indian Penal Code.
"Institutional Preference" In PG Medical Courses Permissible Even After Introduction Of NEET
Yatinkumar Jasubhai Patel vs. State of Gujarat
The Supreme Court observed that "Institutional Preference" in the Post Graduate Medical Courses is permissible even after the introduction of the NEET Scheme. The bench comprising Justice Arun Mishra, Justice MR Shah and Justice BR Gavai observed that the Institutional Preference to the extent of 50% has been approved by the Supreme Court in various judgments.
Accused Charged With Food Adulteration Cannot Be Acquitted Merely Because Deficiency Was Marginal
Raj Kumar vs. State of UP
The Supreme Court observed that if the standards prescribed under Prevention of Food Adulteration Act, are not complied with, the accused charged with adulteration cannot be acquitted only on the ground that the deficiency is marginal.
Power Of Attorney Holder Cannot Depose In Respect Of Matters Which The Principal Alone Have Personal Knowledge
Mohinder Kaur vs. Sant Paul Singh
The Supreme Court observed that a power of attorney holder cannot depose for the principal in respect of matters of which the principal alone can have personal knowledge and in respect of which the principal is entitled to be cross¬-examined.
Date Of Coming Into Force Of IBC Wholly Irrelevant To The Triggering Of Any Limitation For Applications
Sagar Sharma vs. Phoenix Arc Pvt. Ltd.
The Supreme Court observed that the date of coming into force of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code does not and cannot form a trigger point of limitation for applications filed under the Code. The bench comprising Justice Rohinton Fali Nariman and Justice V. Ramasubramanian reiterated that, since such "applications" are petitions which are filed under the Code, it is Article 137 of the Limitation Act which will apply to such applications.
Discrimination Against SC-STs Still Prevalent; Cannot Presume They May Misuse Provisions Of Law As A Class
Union of India V. State of Maharasthra & Ors .
While withdrawing the conditions imposed by the March 20, 2018 judgment for arrest of a person under the SC/ST Act, the Supreme Court observed that the discrimination against the members of the Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes is still prevalent in various parts of the country The bench comprising Justice Arun Mishra, Justice MR Shah and Justice BR Gavai observed that there can be no presumption that the members of the SC and ST may misuse the provisions of law as a class. It would be against the basic human dignity to treat all of them as a liar or as a crook person and cannot look at every complaint by such complainant with a doubt, the bench observed.
Candidates Must Also Disclose Criminal Cases In Which Cognizance Has Been Taken By Court
Satish Ukey vs. Devendra Gangadharrao Fadnavis
The Supreme Court observed that a contesting candidate must mandatorily disclose not only case(s) in which charges have been framed but also case(s) in which cognizance has been taken by the Competent Court. The bench of CJI Ranjan Gogoi, Justices Deepak Gupta and Aniruddha Bose held thus while setting aside the clean chit given to Maharashtra CM Devendra Fadnavis by the Bombay High Court in a case alleging furnishing false information in the election affidavit submitted during 2014 assembly polls.
Land Used For Quarrying Not Exempted From Applicability Of Kerala Land Reforms Act
H Nazar vs. Mathew K. Jacob
The Supreme Court upheld the Judgment of Kerala High Court that the land which is used for quarrying is not covered by the expression 'commercial site' and therefore not exempted from the applicability of the Kerala Land Reforms Act, 1963.
Doctrine Of Prudence: SC Commutes Death Penalty Awarded To Man Convicted For Murder Of Wife, 4 Kids
Sudam @ Rahul Kaniram Jadhav V. State of Maharasthra
Partly allowing his review petition, the Supreme Court commuted the death penalty awarded to Sudam @ Rahul Kaniram Jadhav, convicted for murder of his wife and four children.
Arbitration - Sec 14 Limitation Act Applicable If Sec 34 Petition Filed At The First Instance Was Within Time
Oriental Insurance Co. Ltd. vs. M/s Tejparas Associates & Exports Pvt. Ltd .
The Supreme Court observed that Section 14 of the Limitation Act would be applicable to the proceedings under Section 34 of the Arbitration and Conciliation Act, 1996 if the petition under Section 34 (at the first instance) was filed within time.
IBC Has Overriding Effect Over Tea Act; Central Govt. Consent Not Required For Initiating Insolvency Proceedings
Duncans Industries Ltd vs. A. J. Agrochem
The Supreme Court held that the provisions of the Insolvency and Bankruptcy Code would have an overriding effect over the Tea Act, 1953 and even without such consent of the Central Government, the insolvency proceedings under Section 7 or Section 9 of the IBC initiated by the operational creditor shall be maintainable. The bench of Justice Arun Mishra, Justice MR Shah and Justice BR Gavai dismissed the appeal filed against the National Company Law Appellate Tribunal which had held that it would be maintainable.
Section 9A CPC (Maharashtra)- Question Of Limitation Cannot Be Decided As A Preliminary Issue
Nusli Neville Wadia vs. Ivory Properties
The Supreme Court observed that, under Section 9A of the Code of Civil Procedure applicable in the state of Maharashtra, question of limitation cannot be decided as a preliminary issue. The bench comprising Justice Arun Mishra, Justice MR Shah and Justice BR Gavai observed that under the provisions of Section 9A and Order XIV Rule 2, it is open to decide preliminary issues if it is purely a question of law and not a mixed question of law and fact by recording evidence.
Change In Govt. Policy Due To Overriding Public Interest Must Be Given Due Weight While Considering Claim Of Legitimate Expectation
Kerala State Beverages (M and M) Corporation Limited V. P.P. Suresh & Ors, Etc. Etc. & Ors.
The Supreme Court observed that overriding public interest can be a reason for change in policy of the Government and that has to be given due weight while considering the claim of legitimate expectation. The bench comprising Justice L. Nageswara Rao and Justice Hemant Gupta set aside the Kerala High Court judgment which directed the Government to implement its policy reserving daily wage employment vacancies to displaced arrack workers.
Disciplinary Proceedings Against Judicial Officers Not To Be Initiated Merely Because They Passed Wrong Order
The Supreme Court observed that disciplinary proceedings should not be initiated against Judicial Officers merely on the basis that a wrong order has been passed by them or merely on the ground that the judicial order is incorrect. To err is human and not one of us, who has held judicial office, can claim that we have never passed a wrong order, the bench comprising Justice Deepak Gupta and Justice Aniruddha Bose observed while quashing all the orders passed against a Judicial officer in a disciplinary proceedings against him.
Independence And Fearlessness Of Judiciary Not Only Expected From Superior Courts But Also From District Judiciary
Krishna Prasad Verma V. State of Bihar
While quashing disciplinary action taken against a judicial officer, the Supreme Court observed that independence and fearlessness of judiciary is not only expected at the level of the Superior Courts but also from the District judiciary.
 While the majority comprising Justices R F Nariman and Surya Kant upheld the death penalty confirmed by the Bombay High Court in the case, Justice Subhash Reddy dissented.
SC Affirms Death Penalty To 'Tantric' Couple Who Killed Infant For Human Sacrifice
Ishwari Lal Yadav V. State of Chhattisgarh
The Supreme Court affirmed the death sentence awarded to a 'tantric' couple accused of murdering a boy, by performing the ritual of human sacrifice. The bench of Justice Rohinton Fali Nariman, Justice R. Subhash Reddy and Justice Surya Kant, after examining the evidence on record, unanimously held that the instant case is a case of "rarest of rare cases" where death sentence" can be imposed.
Article 227- Availability Of Appellate Remedy Under CPC Can Be 'Near Total Bar' For Exercising Supervisory Jurisdiction
Virudhunagar Hindu Nadargal Dharma Paribalana Sabai vs. Tuticorin Educational Society
The Supreme Court has observed that the availability of an appellate remedy in terms of the provisions of Code of Civil Procedure can be construed as a 'near total bar' for the exercise of supervisory jurisdiction under Article 227 of the Constitution of India. The bench comprising of Justice Rohinton Fali Nariman and Justice V. Ramasubramanian was considering an appeal against an order of the High Court passed under Article 227 of the Constitution, vacating an interim order of injunction granted by the trial Court, the plaintiffs have come up with this appeal.
Article 14 Does Not Forbid Reasonable Classification For The Purposes Of Legislation
Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation V. Danish Khan
The Supreme Court upheld a compassionate appointment regulation of Rajasthan State Road Transport Corporation which barred dependents of a deceased employee from claiming compassionate appointment in case of death of an employee while travelling in the vehicle of the Corporation. The bench comprising Justice L. Nageswara Rao and Justice Hemant Gupta observed that observed that though Article 14 of the Constitution of India forbids class legislation, it does not forbid reasonable classification for the purposes of legislation.
Specific Relief- Mere Extension Of Time For Deposit Will Not Absolve Plaintiff Of Obligation To Prove Readiness & Willingness
Ravi Setia vs Madan Lal and others
The Supreme Court held that mere extension of time for deposit of balance sale consideration will not absolve the plaintiff of obligation to prove readiness and willingness to perform his part in an agreement for sale. The grant of extension of time cannot ipso facto be construed as otherwise demonstrating readiness and willingness on part of the plaintiff, observed the bench comprising Justices Navin Sinha and Indira Banerjee.
Purchaser Of Goods For Commercial Purpose Is A Consumer If He Uses It Himself For Earning His Livelihood
Sunil Kohli vs. M/s. Purearth Infrastructure Ltd.
The Supreme Court reiterated that if the commercial use of goods is by the purchaser himself for the purpose of earning his livelihood by means of self-employment, such purchaser of goods is a "consumer'". The bench comprising Justice Uday Umesh Lalit, Justice Indira Banerjee and Justice MR Shah was considering an appeal against the order of National Consumer Commission which dismissed a complaint on the ground of maintainability.
Rights Of Victim & Society At Large Not Subservient To Rights Of Accused
Fainul Khan vs. State of Jharkhand
The Supreme Court, observed that the rights of the victim and the society at large cannot be made subservient to the rights of an accused. The bench of Justice Navin Sinha and Justice BR Gavai was addressing the contention raised on behalf of the accused that proper opportunity to defend was denied under Section 313 of the Code of Criminal Procedure as the incriminating questions put to them were extremely casual and perfunctory in barely two pages. It was contended that all relevant questions with regard to the accusations were not put to the accused.
Child Has Right To The Affection Of Both His Parents
Anuj Chaturvedi V. Jyoti
A child has a right to the affection of both his parents, the Supreme Court remarked while considering a special leave petition filed by a father. Though it refused to interfere with the family court order granting custody of the child to the mother, the bench of Justice Deepak Gupta and Justice Surya Kant directed the Family Court to ensure that visitation rights are fixed in such a manner that the child gets to know and love his father.
Mere Error In Framing Substantial Question Of Law Would Not Render A Judgment In Second Appeal To Be Set Aside
Illoth Valappil Ambunhi (D) vs. Kunhambu Karanavan
The Supreme Court observed that mere error in framing a question of law would not render a judgment in Second Appeal liable to be set aside, if it is found that a substantial question of law existed and such question has in fact been answered by the High Court. The bench comprising Justice Indira Banerjee and Justice Sanjiv Khanna also observed that perversity in arriving at a factual finding by Courts below can give rise to a substantial question of law, attracting intervention of the High Court in a Second Appeal filed under Section 100 of the Code of Civil Procedure.
Augusta Westland: SC Quashes Delhi HC Order Staying Proceedings Against Gautam Khitan, Asks HC To Decide Afresh
Union of India V. Gautam Khaitan
The Supreme Court quashed a Delhi High Court order which stayed the proceedings against Gautam Khaitan under the Black Money Act in the Agusta Westland Case. The Bench comprising of Justices Arun Mishra, MR Shah, and BR Gavai also asked Delhi High Court to consider the plea of Khaitan afresh allowing the Centre's plea against the order.
SC Upholds U'khand Rule Of Accelerated Promotion Quota On The Basis Of Higher Edu Qualifications
State of Uttarakhand vs. SK Singh
The Supreme Court upheld a service rule of providing accelerated promotion on the basis of higher educational qualifications. The court was concerned with the promotion quota pertaining to the Irrigation Department cadre of the Uttarakhand State, for promotion from the post of Junior Engineer to the post of Assistant Engineer. It carved out a provision for accelerated promotion to the extent of 7.33% for the JEs holding a more advanced qualification, of a Degree in Civil Engineering.
Section 33(2)(b) ID Act- SC Explains Scope Of Enquiry By Labour Court While Granting/Refusing Approval For Discharge/Dismissal Of Workman
John D'Souza vs. Karnataka SRTC
The Supreme Court observed that a Labour Court or Tribunal while holding enquiry under Section 33(2)(b) of the Industrial Disputes Act cannot invoke the adjudicatory powers vested in them under Section 10(i)(c) and (d) of the Act. They also cannot dwell upon the proportionality of punishment in the process of formation of their prima facie view under Section 33(2)(b), the bench comprising Justice Sanjay Kishan Kaul and Justice Surya Kant observed .
State Legislature Cannot Enact Law Providing Direct Appeal To Supreme Court
H. S. Yadav V. Shakuntala Devi Parakh
The Supreme Court held that a State Legislature cannot enact a law providing an appeal directly to the Supreme Court of India. The bench comprising Justice Deepak Gupta and Justice Aniruddha Bose struck down Section 13(2) of Chhattisgarh Rent Control Act, 2011, in so far as it provides an appeal directly to the Supreme Court, holding that the same is totally illegal, ultra vires the Constitution and beyond the scope of the powers of the State Legislature.
Section 24 RFCTLARR Act- Subsequent Purchasers Cannot Seek Declaration That Land Acquisition Proceedings Have Lapsed
Shiv Kumar vs. Union of India
The Supreme Court, held that a subsequent purchaser of the property after issuance of notification under section 4 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 cannot invoke the provisions contained in section 24 of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013. The three judge bench headed by Justice Arun Mishra, observed that the judgment in GNCTD vs Manav Dharam Trust is per incuriam and contrary to several binding precedents.
Execution Of Power Of Attorney Cannot Transfer Title To The Grantee
Shiv Kumar vs. Union of India
The Supreme Court reiterated that GPA sales and SA/GPA/WILL transfers are not legally valid modes of transfer and they do not convey title and do not amount to transfer, nor can they be recognized or valid mode of transfer of immoveable property. The bench comprising Justice Arun Mishra, Justice MR Shah and Justice BR Gavai made this observation in Shiv Kumar vs. UoI in which it held that a subsequent purchaser of the property after issuance of notification under section 4 of the Land Acquisition Act, 1894 cannot invoke the provisions contained in section 24 of the Right to Fair Compensation and Transparency in Land Acquisition, Rehabilitation and Resettlement Act, 2013.
Article 226- HC Cannot Relax Terms & Conditions Of A Tender Notice
Durgawati Devi vs. Union of India
The Supreme Court observed that, in exercise of power under Article 226 of the Constitution of India, a High Court has no power to relax the terms and conditions of a tender notice. While upholding the Allahabad High Court order that dismissed a challenge against rejection of a candidature of a person who had applied for dealership of Liquified Petroleum Gas (LPG) under the Rajiv Gandhi Gramin Liquid Petroleum Gas Vitrak Yozana (RGGLPGVY).
TADA Offences- FIR Cannot Be Registered Without Sanction Of Competent Authority
Ebha Arjun Jadeja vs. State Of Gujarat
The Supreme Court held that an FIR with respect to commission of an offence under Terrorist and Disruptive Activities (Prevention) Act cannot be recorded by the police under Section 154 CrPC without sanction of the competent authority. The bar under Section 20-A(1) of TADA Act applies to information recorded under Section 154 of CrPC, the bench comprising Justice Deepak Gupta and Justice Aniruddha Bose held while discharging an accused.
Magistrate Has Power To Order Further Investigation Even In Post Cognizance Stage Until Trial Commences
Vinubhai Haribhai Malaviya vs. State of Gujarat
The Supreme Court held that a Magistrate has power to order further investigation into an offence, even at a post cognizance stage, untill the trial commences. The bench comprising Justice Rohinton Fali Nariman, Justice Surya Kant and Justice V. Ramasubramanian set aside a Gujarat High Court order which had held that post-cognizance a Magistrate would have no power to order further investigation into an offence.
Inherent Powers U/s 482 CrPC To Quash Interlocutory Orders Can Be Invoked Only In Exceptional Cases
Hooghly Mills Company Ltd. vs. State of West Bengal
The Supreme Court observed that High Court may exercise its inherent powers under Section 482 of the Code of Criminal Procedure to set aside an interlocutory order, notwithstanding the bar under Section 397(2). This can only be done in exceptional cases, for example, where a criminal proceeding has been initiated illegally, vexatiously or without jurisdiction, the bench comprising Justice Mohan M. Shantanagoudar and Justice Ajay Rastogi said.
Revenue Record Entries Do Not Confer Title To A Property
Prahlad Pradhan vs. Sonu Kumhar
The Supreme Court reiterated that the entries in the revenue records do not confer title to a property, nor do they have any presumptive value on the title. The bench comprising Justice Indu Malhotra and Justice Krishna Murari noted that such entries only enable the person in whose favour mutation is recorded, to pay the land revenue in respect of the land in question.
NDPS: Non-Compliance Of Section 50 During 'Personal Search' Cannot Invalidate Recovery From Vehicle
State Of Punjab vs. Baljinder Singh
The Supreme Court observed that merely because there was non-compliance of Section 50 of the Narcotic and Drugs and Psychotropic Substances Act as far as "personal search" of the accused was concerned, no benefit can be extended so as to invalidate the effect of recovery from the search of the vehicle. The bench comprising Justice Uday Umesh Lalit, Justice Indu Malhotra and Justice Krishna Murari observed that the mandate of Section 50 of the NDPS Act is confined to "personal search" and not to search of a vehicle or a container or premises.
Partnership Deed Cannot Automatically Bind Legal Heirs Of Deceased Partner
S.P. Misra vs. Mohd. Laiquddin Khan
The Supreme Court observed that a partnership deed cannot automatically bind the legal heirs of the deceased partner without acceptance and agreement by them. The bench comprising Justice Indu Malhotra and Justice R. Subhash Reddy noted that, as per Section 42(c), subject to contract between the partners, a firm is dissolved when: (a) if constituted for a fixed term, by the expiry of that term; (b) if constituted to carry out one or more adventures or undertakings, by the completion thereof; (c) by the death of a partner; and (d) by the adjudication of a partner as an insolvent.
Arbitral Award Can Be Interfered With Only If Finding Is Perverse/Contrary To Evidence/Against Public Policy
State of Jharkhand V. HSS Integrated SDN & Anr .
The Supreme Court reiterated that the the award passed by an Arbitral Tribunal can be interfered with in the proceedings under Sections 34 and 37 of Arbitration and Conciliation Act only in a case where the finding is perverse and/or contrary to the evidence and/or the same is against the public policy.
Section 306 IPC [Abetment Of Suicide] Not Attracted Merely Because The Deceased Was Called A 'Call Girl'
State of West Bengal V. Indrajit Kundu
The Supreme Court upheld a High Court order discharging accused who were accused of abetting suicide of a girl. On appeal, the Apex Court agreed with this view of the High Court and observed that, in this case, there was no goading or solicitation or insinuation by any of the respondents to the victim to commit suicide.
Appeal Cannot Be Disposed Of Without Trial Court Record
Savita vs. State of Delhi
The Supreme Court set aside a judgment of Delhi High Court which disposed of a criminal appeal without the record of the trial court before it. The bench comprising Justice NV Ramana, Justice Sanjiv Khanna and Justice Krishna Murari was considering an appeal against a Delhi High Court order which upheld the conviction and sentence imposed on a man under Sections 498A and 304 IPC by the trial court without the record of the trial court, which was lost during the pendency of the appeal before it.
Statutory Authorities Can Review Orders Only If Concerned Statute Provides Such Power
Naresh Kumar vs. GNCT Delhi
The Supreme Court reiterated that the power of review can be exercised by a statutory authority only when the statute provides for the same. The bench comprising Justice Arun Mishra, Justice Vineet Saran and Justice S. Ravindra Bhat observed thus while setting aside the order of a collector who reviewed a land acquisition Award.
Domestic Violence Complaint Not Maintainable If The Parties Are Not Living Together In A Shared House Hold
Kamlesh Devi vs. Jaipal
Upheld a dismissal of domestic violence complaint filed by a woman against persons not living with her in a shared household. The woman had filed a complaint against certain persons, claiming that they are her relatives living in the same premises, alleging that they were harassing and abusing her daughters. The Punjab and Haryana High Court, while considering the revision petition, observed that no evidence is in record to prove that they have been living in a shared household.
SC Grants Bail To Chidambaram In CBI Case In INX Media Scam
P Chidambaram V. CBI
The Supreme Court granted bail to former Union Finance Minister P Chidambaram in the case registered by CBI on corruption allegations in relation to INX Media FDI transaction. The bench comprising Justices R Banumathi, A S Bopanna and Hrishikesh Roy had reserved judgment on October 18 in his petition challenging the September 30 judgment of the Delhi HC that had denied him bail.
Flight Risk Of Economic Offenders Cannot Be Looked At As A National Phenomenon To Deny Bail
P Chidambaram V. CBI
"Flight risk" of economic offenders cannot be looked at as a national phenomenon, said the Supreme Court while rejecting the Solicitor General Tushar Mehta's contention against grant of bail to P. Chidambaram. The bench headed by Justice R. Banumathi said that "flight risk" is to be considered on individual basis being uninfluenced by the unconnected cases, more so, when the personal liberty is involved.
Disputed Property Claim Based On Inheritance Cannot Be Decided In A Criminal Proceeding
M. Srikanth vs. State of Telangana
The Supreme Court observed that a disputed property claim based on inheritance can be only in an appropriate civil proceeding and not in a criminal proceeding. The bench of Justice Navin Sinha and Justice BR Gavai quashed a complaint, which it noted is only a civil dispute with regard to inheritance amongst the legal heirs.
Execution- Court Order Required Before Providing Police Assistance To Deliver Possession To Decree Holder
Om Prakash V. Amar Singh
The Supreme Court observed that in execution proceedings, the concerned court's order has to be obtained before providing police assistance to deliver possession to the decree holder.
(Rape) Conviction Cannot Be Solely Based On Statements Made To Police U/s 154/161 CrPC
Narra Peddi Raju vs. State of AP
The Supreme Court, while acquitting a rape accused, observed that the conviction of an accused cannot be based solely on a statement of the witnesses recorded by the Police under Section 161 or 154 of the Code of Criminal Procedure.


Eurozone output 'near-stalled' in November: survey
Brussels, The eurozone's economy is seen to have "near-stalled" in November after successive months of manufacturing decline, according to a closely watched survey by the firm IHS Markit.
"Expectations about future output remained well below levels seen earlier in the year, reflecting heighted geopolitical uncertainty, including Brexit, trade wars and auto tariffs, plus general concerns about slowing demand," it said.
IHS Markit said its composite eurozone PMI, a key business indicator, fell to 50.3 points in November, down from a revised 50.6 points last month.
A reading above 50 points points to an expansion. The index's decline showed business sentiment remained just over the threshold into positive territory.
Manufacturing orders have slipped for three straight months, and employment growth had fallen to its lowest point in nearly five years, the firm said in a statement.
The latest indicator was "the second-smallest expansion of output across manufacturing and services since the current upturn began in July 2013," it said.
ECB plea for investment
The latest survey came out the same day that the new head of the European Central Bank, Christine Lagarde, urged European countries to back up the ECB's efforts to shore up eurozone growth.
The countries need to "innovate and invest" more in support of the ECB's deployment of cheap credit, record-low interest rates and massive bond purchases, she said in her first speech since taking up the job.
The eurozone, which counts 19 EU countries, registered feeble growth of 0.2 percent in the third quarter according to official Eurostat figures.
Economic activity was weighed down by sluggishness in Europe's export powerhouse Germany, which only just dodged a recession by recording 0.1 percent growth in the same period.
IHA Markit said in its statement that German business activity fell for the third successive month and that, "although the rate of decline eased very slightly again, the fourth quarter so far is the worst since the third quarter of 2012".
France, the eurozone's second-biggest economy, "again outperformed Germany," it noted. Its "fourth quarter is so far looking the strongest of the year to date."
"Tentative signs of life in the core eurozone countries of France and Germany are welcome news, as is an easing in the manufacturing downturn, but a fresh concern is that the rest of the region has slipped into decline for the first time since 2013," IHS Markit's chief economist, Chris Williamson, said.
"Manufacturing remains in its deepest downturn for six years amid ongoing trade woes," he said.
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Subpart 52.1—Instructions for Using Provisions and Clauses
52.102 Incorporating provisions and clauses.
52.103 Identification of provisions and clauses.
52.104 Procedures for modifying and completing provisions and clauses.
52.105 Procedures for using alternates.
52.107 Provisions and clauses prescribed in Subpart 52.1.
Subpart 52.2—Text of Provisions and Clauses
52.203-2 Certificate of Independent Price Determination.
52.203-5 Covenant Against Contingent Fees.
52.203-6 Restrictions on Subcontractor Sales to the Government.
52.203-7 Anti-Kickback Procedures.
52.203-8 Cancellation, Rescission, and Recovery of Funds for Illegal or Improper Activity.
52.203-10 Price or Fee Adjustment for Illegal or Improper Activity.
52.203-11 Certification and Disclosure Regarding Payments to Influence Certain Federal Transactions.
52.203-12 Limitation on Payments to Influence Certain Federal Transactions.
52.203-13 Contractor Code of Business Ethics and Conduct.
52.203-14 Display of Hotline Poster(s).
52.203-15 Whistleblower Protections Under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009.
52.203-16 Preventing Personal Conflicts of Interest.
52.204-1 Approval of Contract.
52.204-2 Security Requirements.
52.204-3 Taxpayer Identification.
52.204-4 Printed or Copied Double-Sided on Postconsumer Fiber Content Paper.
52.204-5 Women-Owned Business (Other Than Small Business).
52.204-6 Unique Entity Identifier.
52.204-7 System for Award Management.
52.204-8 Annual Representations and Certifications.
52.204-9 Personal Identity Verification of Contractor Personnel.
52.204-10 Reporting Executive Compensation and First-Tier Subcontract Awards.
52.204-12 Unique Entity Identifier Maintenance.
52.204-13 System for Award Management Maintenance.
52.204-14 Service Contract Reporting Requirements.
52.204-15 Service Contract Reporting Requirements for Indefinite-Delivery Contracts.
52.204-16 Commercial and Government Entity Code Reporting.
52.204-17 Ownership or Control of Offeror.
52.204-18 Commercial and Government Entity Code Maintenance.
52.204-19 Incorporation by Reference of Representations and Certifications.
52.204-20 Predecessor of Offeror.
52.204-21 Basic Safeguarding of Covered Contractor Information Systems.
52.207-1 Notice of Standard Competition.
52.207-2 Notice of Streamlined Competition.
52.207-3 Right of First Refusal of Employment.
52.207-4 Economic Purchase Quantity—Supplies.
52.207-5 Option to Purchase Equipment.
52.208-4 Vehicle Lease Payments.
52.208-5 Condition of Leased Vehicles.
52.208-6 Marking of Leased Vehicles.
52.208-7 Tagging of Leased Vehicles.
52.208-8 Required Sources for Helium and Helium Usage Data.
52.208-9 Contractor Use of Mandatory Sources of Supply or Services.
52.209-1 Qualification Requirements.
52.209-2 Prohibition on Contracting with Inverted Domestic Corporations—Representation.
52.209-3 First Article Approval—Contractor Testing.
52.209-4 First Article Approval—Government Testing.
52.209-5 Certification Regarding Responsibility Matters.
52.209-7 Information Regarding Responsibility Matters.
52.209-9 Updates of Publicly Available Information Regarding Responsibility Matters.
52.209-10 Prohibition on Contracting with Inverted Domestic Corporations.
52.209-12 Certification Regarding Tax Matters.
52.211-5 Material Requirements.
52.211-7 Alternatives to Government-Unique Standards.
52.211-9 Desired and Required Time of Delivery.
52.211-10 Commencement, Prosecution, and Completion of Work.
52.211-11 Liquidated Damages—Supplies, Services, or Research and Development.
52.211-12 Liquidated Damages—Construction.
52.211-15 Defense Priority and Allocation Requirements.
52.211-16 Variation in Quantity.
52.211-17 Delivery of Excess Quantities.
52.211-18 Variation in Estimated Quantity.
52.212-1 Instructions to Offerors—Commercial Items.
52.212-2 Evaluation—Commercial Items.
52.212-3 Offeror Representations and Certifications—Commercial Items.
52.212-4 Contract Terms and Conditions—Commercial Items.
52.213-1 Fast Payment Procedure.
52.213-4 Terms and Conditions—Simplified Acquisitions (Other Than Commercial Items).
52.214-3 Amendments to Invitations for Bids.
52.214-4 False Statements in Bids.
52.214-6 Explanation to Prospective Bidders.
52.214-7 Late Submissions, Modifications, and Withdrawals of Bids.
52.214-10 Contract Award—Sealed Bidding.
52.214-12 Preparation of Bids.
52.214-14 Place of Performance—Sealed Bidding.
52.214-15 Period for Acceptance of Bids.
52.214-16 Minimum Bid Acceptance Period.
52.214-18 Preparation of Bids—Construction.
52.214-19 Contract Award—Sealed Bidding—Construction.
52.214-21 Descriptive Literature.
52.214-22 Evaluation of Bids for Multiple Awards.
52.214-24 Multiple Technical Proposals.
52.214-25 Step Two of Two-Step Sealed Bidding.
52.214-26 Audit and Records—Sealed Bidding.
52.214-27 Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications—Sealed Bidding.
52.214-28 Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications—Sealed Bidding.
52.214-29 Order of Precedence—Sealed Bidding.
52.214-34 Submission of Offers in the English Language.
52.214-35 Submission of Offers in U.S. Currency.
52.215-1 Instructions to Offerors—Competitive Acquisition.
52.215-2 Audit and Records—Negotiation.
52.215-3 Request for Information or Solicitation for Planning Purposes.
52.215-6 Place of Performance.
52.215-8 Order of Precedence—Uniform Contract Format.
52.215-9 Changes or Additions to Make-or-Buy Program.
52.215-10 Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost or Pricing Data.
52.215-11 Price Reduction for Defective Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications.
52.215-12 Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data.
52.215-13 Subcontractor Certified Cost or Pricing Data—Modifications.
52.215-14 Integrity of Unit Prices.
52.215-15 Pension Adjustments and Asset Reversions.
52.215-16 Facilities Capital Cost of Money.
52.215-17 Waiver of Facilities Capital Cost of Money.
52.215-18 Reversion or Adjustment of Plans for Postretirement Benefits (PRB) Other Than Pensions.
52.215-19 Notification of Ownership Changes.
52.215-22 Limitations on Pass-Through Charges—Identification of Subcontract Effort.
52.215-23 Limitations on Pass-Through Charges.
52.216-2 Economic Price Adjustment—Standard Supplies.
52.216-3 Economic Price Adjustment—Semistandard Supplies.
52.216-4 Economic Price Adjustment—Labor and Material.
52.216-5 Price Redetermination—Prospective.
52.216-6 Price Redetermination—Retroactive.
52.216-7 Allowable Cost and Payment.
52.216-9 Fixed Fee—Construction.
52.216-11 Cost Contract—No Fee.
52.216-12 Cost-Sharing Contract—No Fee.
52.216-15 Predetermined Indirect Cost Rates.
52.216-16 Incentive Price Revision—Firm Target.
52.216-17 Incentive Price Revision—Successive Targets.
52.216-22 Indefinite Quantity.
52.216-23 Execution and Commencement of Work.
52.216-24 Limitation of Government Liability.
52.216-25 Contract Definitization.
52.216-26 Payments of Allowable Costs Before Definitization.
52.216-27 Single or Multiple Awards.
52.216-28 Multiple Awards for Advisory and Assistance Services.
52.216-31 Time-and-Materials/Labor-Hour Proposal Requirements—Commercial Item Acquisition.
52.217-2 Cancellation Under Multi-year Contracts.
52.217-3 Evaluation Exclusive of Options.
52.217-4 Evaluation of Options Exercised at Time of Contract Award.
52.217-5 Evaluation of Options.
52.217-6 Option for Increased Quantity.
52.217-7 Option for Increased Quantity—Separately Priced Line Item.
52.217-8 Option to Extend Services.
52.217-9 Option to Extend the Term of the Contract.
52.219-1 Small Business Program Representations.
52.219-3 Notice of HUBZone Set-Aside or Sole Source Award.
52.219-4 Notice of Price Evaluation Preference for HUBZone Small Business Concerns.
52.219-6 Notice of Total Small Business Set-Aside.
52.219-7 Notice of Partial Small Business Set-Aside.
52.219-8 Utilization of Small Business Concerns.
52.219-9 Small Business Subcontracting Plan.
52.219-10 Incentive Subcontracting Program.
52.219-11 Special 8(a) Contract Conditions.
52.219-12 Special 8(a) Subcontract Conditions.
52.219-13 Notice of Set-Aside of Orders.
52.219-14 Limitations on Subcontracting.
52.219-16 Liquidated Damages—Subcontracting Plan.
52.219-18 Notification of Competition Limited to Eligible 8(a) Concerns.
52.219-27 Notice of Service-Disabled Veteran-Owned Small Business Set-Aside.
52.219-28 Post-Award Small Business Program Rerepresentation.
52.222-1 Notice to the Government of Labor Disputes.
52.222-2 Payment for Overtime Premiums.
52.222-4 Contract Work Hours and Safety Standards —Overtime Compensation.
52.222-5 Construction Wage Rate Requirements—Secondary Site of the Work.
52.222-6 Construction Wage Rate Requirements.
52.222-7 Withholding of Funds.
52.222-8 Payrolls and Basic Records.
52.222-9 Apprentices and Trainees.
52.222-10 Compliance with Copeland Act Requirements.
52.222-11 Subcontracts (Labor Standards).
52.222-12 Contract Termination—Debarment.
52.222-13 Compliance with Construction Wage Rate Requirements and Related Regulations.
52.222-14 Disputes Concerning Labor Standards.
52.222-15 Certification of Eligibility.
52.222-16 Approval of Wage Rates.
52.222-17 Nondisplacement of Qualified Workers.
52.222-18 Certification Regarding Knowledge of Child Labor for Listed End Products.
52.222-19 Child Labor—Cooperation with Authorities and Remedies.
52.222-20 Contracts for Materials, Supplies, Articles, and Equipment Exceeding $15,000.
52.222-21 Prohibition of Segregated Facilities.
52.222-22 Previous Contracts and Compliance Reports.
52.222-24 Preaward On-Site Equal Opportunity Compliance Evaluation.
52.222-25 Affirmative Action Compliance.
52.222-27 Affirmative Action Compliance Requirements for Construction.
52.222-29 Notification of Visa Denial.
52.222-31 Construction Wage Rate Requirements—Price Adjustment (Percentage Method).
52.222-32 Construction Wage Rate Requirements—Price Adjustment (Actual Method).
52.222-33 Notice of Requirement for Project Labor Agreement.
52.222-34 Project Labor Agreement.
52.222-35 Equal Opportunity for Veterans.
52.222-36 Equal Opportunity for Workers with Disabilities.
52.222-37 Employment Reports on Veterans.
52.222-38 Compliance with Veterans’ Employment Reporting Requirements.
52.222-40 Notification of Employee Rights Under the National Labor Relations Act.
52.222-41 Service Contract Labor Standards.
52.222-42 Statement of Equivalent Rates for Federal Hires.
52.222-44 Fair Labor Standards Act and Service Contract Labor Standards—Price Adjustment.
52.222-46 Evaluation of Compensation for Professional Employees.
52.222-49 Service Contract Labor Standards—Place of Performance Unknown.
52.222-50 Combating Trafficking in Persons.
52.222-54 Employment Eligibility Verification.
52.222-55 Minimum Wages Under Executive Order 13658.
52.222-56 Certification Regarding Trafficking in Persons Compliance Plan.
52.223-1 Biobased Product Certification.
52.223-2 Affirmative Procurement of Biobased Products Under Service and Construction Contracts.
52.223-3 Hazardous Material Identification and Material Safety Data.
52.223-4 Recovered Material Certification.
52.223-5 Pollution Prevention and Right-to-Know Information.
52.223-7 Notice of Radioactive Materials.
52.223-9 Estimate of Percentage of Recovered Material Content for EPA-Designated Items.
52.223-10 Waste Reduction Program.
52.223-11 Ozone-Depleting Substances and High Global Warming Potential Hydrofluorocarbons.
52.223-12 Maintenance, Service, Repair, or Disposal of Refrigeration Equipment and Air Conditioners.
52.223-13 Acquisition of EPEAT®–Registered Imaging Equipment.
52.223-14 Acquisition of EPEAT®-Registered Televisions.
52.223-15 Energy Efficiency in Energy-Consuming Products.
52.223-16 Acquisition of EPEAT®-Registered Personal Computer Products.
52.223-17 Affirmative Procurement of EPA-designated Items in Service and Construction Contracts.
52.223-18 Encouraging Contractor Policies to Ban Text Messaging While Driving.
52.223-19 Compliance with Environmental Management Systems.
52.224-1 Privacy Act Notification.
52.225-1 Buy American—Supplies
52.225-2 Buy American Certificate.
52.225-3 Buy American—Free Trade Agreements-Israeli Trade Act.
52.225-4 Buy American—Free Trade Agreements-Israeli Trade Act Certificate.
52.225-6 Trade Agreements Certificate.
52.225-7 Waiver of Buy American Statute for Civil Aircraft and Related Articles.
52.225-9 Buy American—Construction Materials.
52.225-10 Notice of Buy American Requirement—Construction Materials.
52.225-11 Buy American—Construction Materials under Trade Agreements.
52.225-12 Notice of Buy American Requirement—Construction Materials Under Trade Agreements.
52.225-13 Restrictions on Certain Foreign Purchases.
52.225-14 Inconsistency between English Version and Translation of Contract.
52.225-17 Evaluation of Foreign Currency Offers.
52.225-18 Place of Manufacture.
52.225-20 Prohibition on Conducting Restricted Business Operations in Sudan—Certification.
52.225-26 Contractors Performing Private Security Functions Outside the United States.
52.226-1 Utilization of Indian Organizations and Indian-Owned Economic Enterprises.
52.226-2 Historically Black College or University and Minority Institution Representation.
52.226-3 Disaster or Emergency Area Representation.
52.226-4 Notice of Disaster or Emergency Area Set-Aside.
52.226-5 Restrictions on Subcontracting Outside Disaster or Emergency Area.
52.226-6 Promoting Excess Food Donation to Nonprofit Organizations.
52.227-1 Authorization and Consent.
52.227-2 Notice and Assistance Regarding Patent and Copyright Infringement.
52.227-4 Patent Indemnity—Construction Contracts.
52.227-7 Patents—Notice of Government Licensee.
52.227-10 Filing of Patent Applications—Classified Subject Matter.
52.227-11 Patent Rights—Ownership by the Contractor.
52.227-13 Patent Rights—Ownership by the Government.
52.227-14 Rights in Data—General.
52.227-15 Representation of Limited Rights Data and Restricted Computer Software.
52.227-16 Additional Data Requirements.
52.227-17 Rights in Data—Special Works.
52.227-18 Rights in Data—Existing Works.
52.227-19 Commercial Computer Software License.
52.227-20 Rights in Data—SBIR Program.
52.227-21 Technical Data Declaration, Revision, and Withholding of Payment—Major Systems.
52.227-22 Major System—Minimum Rights.
52.227-23 Rights to Proposal Data (Technical).
52.228-2 Additional Bond Security.
52.228-3 Workers’ Compensation Insurance (Defense Base Act).
52.228-4 Workers’ Compensation and War-Hazard Insurance Overseas.
52.228-5 Insurance—Work on a Government Installation.
52.228-7 Insurance—Liability to Third Persons.
52.228-8 Liability and Insurance—Leased Motor Vehicles.
52.228-10 Vehicular and General Public Liability Insurance.
52.228-12 Prospective Subcontractor Requests for Bonds.
52.228-13 Alternative Payment Protections.
52.228-14 Irrevocable Letter of Credit.
52.228-15 Performance and Payment Bonds—Construction.
52.228-16 Performance and Payment Bonds—Other Than Construction.
52.229-1 State and Local Taxes.
52.229-2 North Carolina State and Local Sales and Use Tax.
52.229-3 Federal, State, and Local Taxes.
52.229-4 Federal, State, and Local Taxes (State and Local Adjustments).
52.229-6 Taxes—Foreign Fixed-Price Contracts.
52.229-7 Taxes—Fixed-Price Contracts with Foreign Governments.
52.229-8 Taxes—Foreign Cost-Reimbursement Contracts.
52.229-9 Taxes—Cost-Reimbursement Contracts with Foreign Governments.
52.229-10 State of New Mexico Gross Receipts and Compensating Tax.
52.230-1 Cost Accounting Standards Notices and Certification.
52.230-2 Cost Accounting Standards.
52.230-3 Disclosure and Consistency of Cost Accounting Practices.
52.230-4 Disclosure and Consistency of Cost Accounting Practices—Foreign Concerns.
52.230-5 Cost Accounting Standards—Educational Institution.
52.230-6 Administration of Cost Accounting Standards.
52.230-7 Proposal Disclosure—Cost Accounting Practice Changes.
52.232-2 Payments under Fixed-Price Research and Development Contracts.
52.232-3 Payments under Personal Services Contracts.
52.232-4 Payments under Transportation Contracts and Transportation-Related Services Contracts.
52.232-5 Payments under Fixed-Price Construction Contracts.
52.232-6 Payment under Communication Service Contracts with Common Carriers.
52.232-7 Payments under Time-and-Materials and Labor-Hour Contracts.
52.232-8 Discounts for Prompt Payment.
52.232-9 Limitation on Withholding of Payments.
52.232-10 Payments under Fixed-Price Architect-Engineer Contracts.
52.232-13 Notice of Progress Payments.
52.232-14 Notice of Availability of Progress Payments Exclusively for Small Business Concerns.
52.232-15 Progress Payments Not Included.
52.232-18 Availability of Funds.
52.232-19 Availability of Funds for the Next Fiscal Year.
52.232-22 Limitation of Funds.
52.232-23 Assignment of Claims.
52.232-24 Prohibition of Assignment of Claims.
52.232-26 Prompt Payment for Fixed-Price Architect-Engineer Contracts.
52.232-27 Prompt Payment for Construction Contracts.
52.232-28 Invitation to Propose Performance-Based Payments.
52.232-29 Terms for Financing of Purchases of Commercial Items.
52.232-30 Installment Payments for Commercial Items.
52.232-31 Invitation to Propose Financing Terms.
52.232-32 Performance-Based Payments.
52.232-33 Payment by Electronic Funds Transfer-System for Award Management.
52.232-34 Payment by Electronic Funds Transfer-Other than System for Award Management.
52.232-35 Designation of Office for Government Receipt of Electronic Funds Transfer Information.
52.232-36 Payment by Third Party.
52.232-37 Multiple Payment Arrangements.
52.232-38 Submission of Electronic Funds Transfer Information with Offer.
52.232-39 Unenforceability of Unauthorized Obligations.
52.232-40 Providing Accelerated Payments to Small Business Subcontractors.
52.233-4 Applicable Law for Breach of Contract Claim.
52.234-1 Industrial Resources Developed Under Title III, Defense Production Act.
52.234-2 Notice of Earned Value Management System-Preaward Integrated Baseline Review.
52.234-3 Notice of Earned Value Management System-Postaward Integrated Baseline Review.
52.234-4 Earned Value Management System.
52.236-1 Performance of Work by the Contractor.
52.236-2 Differing Site Conditions.
52.236-3 Site Investigation and Conditions Affecting the Work.
52.236-5 Material and Workmanship.
52.236-6 Superintendence by the Contractor.
52.236-7 Permits and Responsibilities.
52.236-9 Protection of Existing Vegetation, Structures, Equipment, Utilities, and Improvements.
52.236-10 Operations and Storage Areas.
52.236-11 Use and Possession Prior to Completion.
52.236-13 Accident Prevention.
52.236-14 Availability and Use of Utility Services.
52.236-15 Schedules for Construction Contracts.
52.236-18 Work Oversight in Cost-Reimbursement Construction Contracts.
52.236-19 Organization and Direction of the Work.
52.236-21 Specifications and Drawings for Construction.
52.236-22 Design Within Funding Limitations.
52.236-23 Responsibility of the Architect-Engineer Contractor.
52.236-24 Work Oversight in Architect-Engineer Contracts.
52.236-25 Requirements for Registration of Designers.
52.236-26 Preconstruction Conference.
52.236-27 Site Visit (Construction).
52.236-28 Preparation of Proposals—Construction.
52.237-2 Protection of Government Buildings, Equipment, and Vegetation.
52.237-3 Continuity of Services.
52.237-4 Payment by Government to Contractor.
52.237-5 Payment by Contractor to Government.
52.237-6 Incremental Payment by Contractor to Government.
52.237-7 Indemnification and Medical Liability Insurance.
52.237-8 Restriction on Severance Payments to Foreign Nationals.
52.237-9 Waiver of Limitation on Severance Payments to Foreign Nationals.
52.237-10 Identification of Uncompensated Overtime.
52.237-11 Accepting and Dispensing of $1 Coin.
52.239-1 Privacy or Security Safeguards.
52.241 Utility Services Provisions and Clauses.
52.241-1 Electric Service Territory Compliance Representation.
52.241-2 Order of Precedence—Utilities.
52.241-3 Scope and Duration of Contract.
52.241-4 Change in Class of Service.
52.241-5 Contractor’s Facilities.
52.241-7 Change in Rates or Terms and Conditions of Service for Regulated Services.
52.241-8 Change in Rates or Terms and Conditions of Service for Unregulated Services.
52.241-10 Termination Liability.
52.241-11 Multiple Service Locations.
52.241-12 Nonrefundable, Nonrecurring Service Charge.
52.242-1 Notice of Intent to Disallow Costs.
52.242-2 Production Progress Reports.
52.242-3 Penalties for Unallowable Costs.
52.242-4 Certification of Final Indirect Costs.
52.242-17 Government Delay of Work.
52.243-2 Changes—Cost-Reimbursement.
52.243-3 Changes—Time-and-Materials or Labor-Hours.
52.243-5 Changes and Changed Conditions.
52.243-6 Change Order Accounting.
52.243-7 Notification of Changes.
52.244-4 Subcontractors and Outside Associates and Consultants (Architect-Engineer Services).
52.244-5 Competition in Subcontracting.
52.244-6 Subcontracts for Commercial Items.
52.245-2 Government Property Installation Operation Services.
52.246-1 Contractor Inspection Requirements.
52.246-2 Inspection of Supplies—Fixed-Price.
52.246-3 Inspection of Supplies—Cost-Reimbursement.
52.246-4 Inspection of Services—Fixed-Price.
52.246-5 Inspection of Services—Cost-Reimbursement.
52.246-6 Inspection—Time-and-Material and Labor-Hour.
52.246-7 Inspection of Research and Development—Fixed-Price.
52.246-8 Inspection of Research and Development—Cost-Reimbursement.
52.246-9 Inspection of Research and Development (Short Form).
52.246-11 Higher-Level Contract Quality Requirement.
52.246-12 Inspection of Construction.
52.246-13 Inspection—Dismantling, Demolition, or Removal of Improvements.
52.246-14 Inspection of Transportation.
52.246-15 Certificate of Conformance.
52.246-16 Responsibility for Supplies.
52.246-17 Warranty of Supplies of a Noncomplex Nature.
52.246-18 Warranty of Supplies of a Complex Nature.
52.246-19 Warranty of Systems and Equipment under Performance Specifications or Design Criteria.
52.246-20 Warranty of Services.
52.246-21 Warranty of Construction.
52.246-23 Limitation of Liability.
52.246-24 Limitation of Liability—High-Value Items.
52.246-25 Limitation of Liability—Services.
52.247-1 Commercial Bill of Lading Notations.
52.247-2 Permits, Authorities, or Franchises.
52.247-3 Capability to Perform a Contract for the Relocation of a Federal Office.
52.247-4 Inspection of Shipping and Receiving Facilities.
52.247-5 Familiarization with Conditions.
52.247-8 Estimated Weights or Quantities Not Guaranteed.
52.247-9 Agreed Weight—General Freight.
52.247-10 Net Weight—General Freight.
52.247-11 Net Weight—Household Goods or Office Furniture.
52.247-12 Supervision, Labor, or Materials.
52.247-13 Accessorial Services—Moving Contracts.
52.247-14 Contractor Responsibility for Receipt of Shipment.
52.247-15 Contractor Responsibility for Loading and Unloading.
52.247-16 Contractor Responsibility for Returning Undelivered Freight.
52.247-19 Stopping in Transit for Partial Unloading.
52.247-20 Estimated Quantities or Weights for Evaluation of Offers.
52.247-21 Contractor Liability for Personal Injury and/or Property Damage.
52.247-22 Contractor Liability for Loss of and/or Damage to Freight other than Household Goods.
52.247-23 Contractor Liability for Loss of and/or Damage to Household Goods.
52.247-24 Advance Notification by the Government.
52.247-25 Government-Furnished Equipment With or Without Operators.
52.247-26 Government Direction and Marking.
52.247-27 Contract Not Affected by Oral Agreement.
52.247-28 Contractor’s Invoices.
52.247-30 F.o.b. Origin, Contractor’s Facility.
52.247-31 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Allowed.
52.247-32 F.o.b. Origin, Freight Prepaid.
52.247-33 F.o.b. Origin, with Differentials.
52.247-35 F.o.b. Destination, Within Consignee’s Premises.
52.247-36 F.a.s. Vessel, Port of Shipment.
52.247-37 F.o.b. Vessel, Port of Shipment.
52.247-38 F.o.b. Inland Carrier, Point of Exportation.
52.247-39 F.o.b. Inland Point, Country of Importation.
52.247-40 Ex Dock, Pier, or Warehouse, Port of Importation.
52.247-43 F.o.b. Designated Air Carrier’s Terminal, Point of Exportation.
52.247-44 F.o.b. Designated Air Carrier’s Terminal, Point of Importation.
52.247-45 F.o.b. Origin and/or F.o.b. Destination Evaluation.
52.247-46 Shipping Point(s) Used in Evaluation of F.o.b. Origin Offers.
52.247-47 Evaluation—F.o.b. Origin.
52.247-48 F.o.b. Destination—Evidence of Shipment.
52.247-49 Destination Unknown.
52.247-50 No Evaluation of Transportation Costs.
52.247-51 Evaluation of Export Offers.
52.247-53 Freight Classification Description.
52.247-55 F.o.b. Point for Delivery of Government-Furnished Property.
52.247-56 Transit Arrangements.
52.247-57 Transportation Transit Privilege Credits.
52.247-58 Loading, Blocking, and Bracing of Freight Car Shipments.
52.247-59 F.o.b. Origin—Carload and Truckload Shipments.
52.247-60 Guaranteed Shipping Characteristics.
52.247-61 F.o.b. Origin—Minimum Size of Shipments.
52.247-62 Specific Quantities Unknown.
52.247-63 Preference for U.S.-Flag Air Carriers.
52.247-64 Preference for Privately Owned U.S.-Flag Commercial Vessels.
52.247-65 F.o.b. Origin, Prepaid Freight—Small Package Shipments.
52.247-66 Returnable Cylinders.
52.247-67 Submission of Transportation Documents for Audit.
52.247-68 Report of Shipment (REPSHIP).
52.248-2 Value Engineering—Architect-Engineer.
52.248-3 Value Engineering—Construction.
52.249-1 Termination for Convenience of the Government (Fixed-Price) (Short Form).
52.249-2 Termination for Convenience of the Government (Fixed-Price).
52.249-4 Termination for Convenience of the Government (Services) (Short Form).
52.249-6 Termination (Cost-Reimbursement).
52.249-7 Termination (Fixed-Price Architect-Engineer).
52.249-8 Default (Fixed-Price Supply and Service).
52.249-9 Default (Fixed-Price Research and Development).
52.249-10 Default (Fixed-Price Construction).
52.249-12 Termination (Personal Services).
52.250-1 Indemnification Under Public Law 85-804.
52.250-2 SAFETY Act Coverage Not Applicable.
52.250-3 SAFETY Act Block Designation/Certification.
52.250-4 SAFETY Act Pre-qualification Designation Notice.
52.250-5 SAFETY Act—Equitable Adjustment.
52.251-1 Government Supply Sources.
52.251-2 Interagency Fleet Management System Vehicles and Related Services.
52.252-1 Solicitation Provisions Incorporated by Reference.
52.252-2 Clauses Incorporated by Reference.
52.252-3 Alterations in Solicitation.
52.252-4 Alterations in Contract.
52.252-5 Authorized Deviations in Provisions.
52.252-6 Authorized Deviations in Clauses.
52.253-1 Computer Generated Forms.
Subpart 52.3—Provision and Clause Matrix
52.301 Solicitation provisions and contract clauses (Matrix).


Infrastructure for seriation with an implementation of several
seriation/sequencing techniques to reorder matrices, dissimilarity
matrices, and dendrograms. Also provides (optimally) reordered heatmaps,
color images and clustering visualizations like dissimilarity plots, and
visual assessment of cluster tendency plots (VAT and iVAT).
| Version: |
1.2-3 |
| Depends: |
R (≥ 2.14.0) |
| Imports: |
TSP, qap, grid, cluster, gclus, dendextend, colorspace, MASS, gplots, registry, methods, stats, grDevices |
| Suggests: |
biclust, testthat, DendSer, GA |
| Published: |
2018-02-05 |
| Author: |
Michael Hahsler [aut, cre, cph],
Christian Buchta [aut, cph],
Kurt Hornik [aut, cph],
Fionn Murtagh [ctb, cph],
Michael Brusco [ctb, cph],
Stephanie Stahl [ctb, cph],
Hans-Friedrich Koehn [ctb, cph] |
| Maintainer: |
Michael Hahsler <mhahsler at lyle.smu.edu> |
| BugReports: |
https://github.com/mhahsler/seriation |
| License: |
GPL-3 |
| Copyright: |
The code in src/bea.f is Copyright (C) 1991 F. Murtagh;
src/bbwrcg.f, src/arsa.f and src/bburcg.f are Copyright (C)
2005 M. Brusco, H.F. Koehn, and S. Stahl. All other code is
Copyright (C) Michael Hahsler, Christian Buchta, and Kurt
Hornik. |
| URL: |
http://lyle.smu.edu/IDA/seriation |
| NeedsCompilation: |
yes |
| Classification/ACM: |
G.1.6, G.2.1, G.4 |
| Citation: |
seriation citation info |
| Materials: |
README NEWS |
| In views: |
Cluster, Graphics, Multivariate |
| CRAN checks: |
seriation results |


Slickdeals, LLC (herein after “Slickdeals”) values its users on the Slickdeals.net web site, mobile site and apps (“Properties”) and the services offered on our Properties (we will refer to the Properties and all other services collectively as the “Services”). Slickdeals has implemented this Privacy Policy to inform users of the information that Slickdeals collects from you and what Slickdeals does with it after it is collected. By using the Services, you are agreeing to the practices described in this policy.
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Last updated December 6, 2013
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Pedicularis groenlandicum, P. canadensis & P. lanata
| DOSE: |
1 bowl |
smoked |
Pedicularis spp. |
(dried) |
I became interested in exploring the effects of Pedicularis species after finding a few references to sedative or hypnotic effects in herbal medicine books. Other books claimed that Pedicularis was edible, so I wasn't too worried about poisoning myself. Numerous alkaloids have been reported in this genus, and often the alkaloids vary between species. I also found an online article about incorporating different Pedicularis species into smoking blends, and the effects were said to be comparable to Cannabis.
The first species I found was Pedicularis groenlandicum, known as 'elephant's head' because the densely clustered flowers do indeed look like little elephant's heads with trunks. This plant is reasonably common in marshy areas of Canada, and is very easy to recognize because of its bizarre purple coloured foliage and flowers. I harvested some of the flowers (supposedly the strongest part) and dried them out. When they were dry they looked remarkably like purple cannabis buds. I packed a large bowl and smoked it all to myself, holding in the smoke with each inhalation. After finishing, I noticed a slight calm, relaxed feeling. About an hour later I went to bed and almost immediately went to sleep which is very unusual for me (I am prone to insomnia). However, the next day I felt abnormally irritable, which may or may not have had anything to do with the Pedicularis. I have since smoked groenlandicum a couple more times, and each time gotten little more than a mild sedation.
I also managed to find a very small amount of Pedicularis canadensis (a yellow flowered variety) and Pedicularis lanata (which is adapted to grow at extremely high elevations by growing a dense wooly coat all over the flowers). Pedicularis lanata is supposedly the strongest species for sedative effects, and in my one experiment is did seem to have a stronger effect than groenlandicum. Pedicularis canadensis caused some euphoric effects the first time I smoked it, but I was unable to attain any effects on two further trials.
To sum things up, I found that P. groenlandicum and P. lanata both had mild sedative effects, and P. canadensis is still in question. Certainly these plants are no substitute for Cannabis.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Notebooks
Story: On women's hunting or |kua
On women's hunting or |kua
Title
On women's hunting or |kua
Collection
Summary
Women's hunting is called |kua. Women dig out things and 'hunt' prey such as 'Bushman rice'. They 'kill' the rice in its hole (here a figure of speech) because it runs about. Men's hunting is called !hunn.
Comments
1) This story is found in Book II-36
Contributors
Date
September 1873
Categories
Keywords
hunting (women's) , hunting (women's is digging) , hunting (called |kua) , hunting (men's) , hunting (the names of) , hunting (and digging) , hunting (killing 'Bushman rice') , hunting (men's called !hunn) , women (their hunting is called |kua) , women (and digging) , name (of women's hunting is |kua) , name (of men's hunting is !hunn) , digging (is women's hunting) , digging (and killing 'Bushman rice') , food (the finding of) , food (and women's hunting) , food (and men's hunting) , food (and killing 'Bushman rice') , food (and digging) , Bushman rice (women 'kill' it) , Bushman rice (digging for) , Bushman rice (and women's hunting)
Story Pages
3296v-3297v


Noah Reid
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DeathKnight Spear Impact 03
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 02
DeathKnight Attack Impact 06
DeathKnight Attack Impact 07
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 03
DeathKnight Spear Impact 02
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 01
DeathKnight Attack Impact 05
DeathKnight Attack Impact 04
DeathKnight Spear Impact 01
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 04
DeathKnight Fem Leap Start Vox03
DeathKnight Whirlwind Cast 02
DeathKnight Attack Impact 01
DeathKnight Fem Leap Start Vox02
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 05
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 07
DeathKnight Attack Impact 03
DeathKnight Whirlwind Cast 01
DeathKnight Attack Impact 02
DeathKnight Fem Leap Start Vox01
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 06
DeathKnight Whirlwind End 01
DeathKnight Seismic Debris 05
DeathKnight Fem BattleCry Yell07
DeathKnight Seismic Debris 04
DeathKnight Whirlwind End 02
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox08
IntroQuestion Kelthuzad00
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox09
DeathKnight Whirlwind End 03
DeathKnight Seismic Debris 03
DeathKnight Seismic Debris 02
DeathKnight Seismic Debris 01
DeathKnight Fem WarCry Yell05
DeathKnight Fem WarCry Yell04
DeathKnight Fem WarCry Yell06
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox15
IntroResponse Kelthuzad00
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox14
IntroResponse JainaDread00
DeathKnight Fem WarCry Yell03
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox10
DeathKnight Fem BattleCry Yell09
DeathKnight Fem BattleCry Yell08
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox11
DeathKnight Fem WarCry Yell02
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox13
DeathKnight Whirlwind Loop01
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox06
DeathKnight Fem Attack Vox12
DeathKnight Shot Of Fury Vox02
DeathKnight Spear Launch 03
DeathKnight Spear Launch 02
DeathKnight Shot Of Fury Vox03
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 08
DeathKnight Shot Of Fury Vox01
DeathKnight Attack Launch 05
DeathKnight Spear Launch 01
DeathKnight Attack Launch 04
DeathKnight NoHelm Attack Impact 09
DeathKnight Shot Of Fury Vox04
DeathKnight Spear Mastery 02
DeathKnight Spear Launch 05
IntroQuestion Murky00 ALT
DeathKnight Spear Launch 04
DeathKnight Spear Mastery 03
DeathKnight Attack Launch 01
DeathKnight Wrath Cast 01
DeathKnight Shot Of Fury Vox05
IntroQuestion JainaDread00
DeathKnight Shot Of Fury Vox07
DeathKnight Wrath Cast 03
DeathKnight Attack Launch 03
DeathKnight Spear Mastery 01
DeathKnight Attack Launch 02
DeathKnight Wrath Cast 02
DeathKnight Shot Of Fury Vox06


Preventing illegal discrimination in auto lending
Every year, millions of American families buy a car – and it will be one of the most significant purchases they make. One key priority for us is protecting consumers from the silent pickpocket of discrimination.


Delicious
THE BEST FOOD ON THE WEB
Delicious
THE BEST FOOD ON THE WEB
POSTED ON 15 DES 2013/ DESERTS
For the fig-swirl: Melt butter over medium heat in a saucepan. Add brown sugar and stir to dissolve. Halve all of the figs and toss in the saucepan with water and lemon juice. Cook over medium heat, stirring frequently, until you have a chunky-jammy mixture. Add salt with one or two stirs, set aside and let cool completely.
Ice cream: In a small pot over medium heat, combine milk, and granulated sugar until sugar is completely dissolved and the milk is just barely lukewarm. Whisk in the egg yolks. Set mixture in the fridge and wait until the fig mixture is cooled.
Using an ice cream machine, pour liquids into the frozen basin and process according to manufacturer instructions, i.e., let spin and thicken for 20 minutes before adding mascarpone, fig jam mixture, and the nuts. Continue to process for +/- 10 minutes. Pour semi-frozen mixture into a pyrex dish or glass tupperware. Freeze for at least two hours before serving.
Vanessa Stevenson
Food enthusiast, photography fan. Add a point a pinch of raw foodism and thats pretty much who I am.