Just before Jin-Woo was completely swallowed up by his shadow, he heard another message issued by the System
[The dungeon's interior will revert back to original appearance with the death of ].
The sensation of him falling didn't last long . Suddenly, the gravity's direction reversed, and he was now being lifted back up at the same speed as he was being sucked in
His darkened vision reverted back to the original state in no time at all
'Isn't this place ?'.
Jin-Woo took a quick look around
Tick, tick .
A street light that continued to flicker as if it was broken; a hand-pulled wooden cart leaning precariously against a wall; an electrical pole with a half-torn flier stiller stuck to it
He found himself in a deserted alleyway he often had to walk past when heading back home
'… . Hey, this is the suburb I live in, isn't it?!'.
Somewhat coincidentally, it was also the exact same spot where he issued the five shadows to start patrolling the district, as well
'My location really changed . '.
Jin-Woo did feel deeply stunned at the moment, but still, he somehow managed to remain calm as he checked the shadow beneath his feet . Just like when he summoned his Shadow Soldiers, he too rose up from the shadow . He cautiously poked his shadow with the tip of his foot
'… . '.
Back when he activated the skill, the shadow caved in as if he was stepping on the surface of water, but it was just a regular shadow now . Feeling genuinely impressed, Jin-Woo re-checked the Skill Window
Just as the Skill description had stated, the 'cool down' period of three hours was in effect
[Skill: Shadow Exchange Lv . 1].
Class-specific Skill
… . Can be used again in [02:59:57]
'… . I've struck gold . '.
Having witnessed the awesomeness of this skill, Jin-Woo's heart pounded faster and faster
'And it was so fast, too '.
He had been maintaining the peak state of concentration the moment he was sucked into the shadow . Considering the fact that the perceived time would greatly slow down when he was concentrating fully, the transfer to this location did really happen in the blink of an eye
His saliva nosily slid down his throat
This skill called Shadow Exchange – it possessed limitless application, depending on how he used it
'Ah, right . This isn't the right time . '.
Jin-Woo calmed his excitement down and withdrew his magic energy . He had finally managed to get his hands on a medicine that could potentially cure his mother, so he shouldn't be wasting time here like this
Feeling a lot more urgent now, Jin-Woo switched his Hunter-issue mobile phone and confirmed the current time
'It's already this late ?'.
Jin-Woo's forehead creased up big time
The touchscreen display showed ten in the evening . Although the visitation hours had long passed now, Jin-Woo didn't hesitate once as he summoned the shadow of the Sky Dragon
'Kaisel . '.
Kiiieeehhk-!.
Answering the call of his owner, Kaisel yelled out in joy and pushed his head out of the ground . And soon, a huge lizard-like creature the size of a truck with no arms but huge wings revealed itself
When Kaisel spread open its vast wings, the already-narrow alleyway seemed to get filled to the brim in an instant . It was a small mercy that there were no other people nearby, otherwise
Jin-Woo walked closer, and Kaisel lowered his body to allow ease of mounting . Jin-Woo duly did so
Even though this was his first time, he already felt a sense of familiarity as if he had been riding on Kaisel for a long time . He figured that flying in the air wouldn't pose any problems since he felt this way
'It doesn't matter if someone tries to stop me . '.
He wasn't talking about the hospital staff – even if cops or the military tried to block him, he knew he had the power to break past them . And, at least for this moment, he didn't want anyone to obstruct his path
'Let's go . '.
Jin-Woo formed a serious expression and issued a command . Kaisel began beating his huge wings
Kiieeehhhkk!!.
Kaisel rose up in the air right away and quickly flew in the direction Jin-Woo pointed at
***.
A meeting was still taking place within the walls of the Hunters Association, even though the hours were getting late
The Korea-Japan cooperative raid was already around the proverbial corner, and the Association was doing everything in their power to ensure the successful subjugation of Jeju Island's ant monsters
"Here is the data sent by the Japanese . ".
The agent of the Association pressed a button on the remote . Soon, the giant screen was filled with the footage of the ant monsters, captured by the magic-power sensing camera attached to a Japanese satellite
These were the records taken during the first, second and the third subjugation attempts .  '.
The ant monsters moved just as the Japanese said they would
Although the existence of the guardian ants was a worrisome variable in the equation, it was also normal to find a few guardian-type monsters protecting their bosses within higher ranked dungeons, as well
Still, it was hard to claim that there was no risk . The top man in the Korean side of the operation, Goh Gun-Hui, quickly thought of one of the worst case situations
"What are the odds of the ants turning around quicker than anticipated after realising their queen is in danger?".
The Japanese had already thought about that too, however
"They have said they would use 'interference radio wave' signal . ".
"Radio wave signal?".
"According to their research, they discovered that the ant monsters use specific radio waves to communicate among themselves . ".
Indeed, if one wanted to order an army of several thousands as one unit, then a method to send out commands should exist . Goh Gun-Hui nodded his head
"And they can interrupt the communication of ants with radio waves?".
"That's what they said, sir . ".
"So, they want us to fully concentrate on killing the ant queen, is it ".
The subjugation plan itself was quite simple
Even though it was simple, there was a higher chance of succeeding when compared to other plans, as well
Yet, why did Goh Gun-Hui feel so anxious like this?.
He rested his chin on his hands
'Could it be that I'm worried about . '.
It was then
Goh Gun-Hui spun his head towards the outside of the window, his brows shooting up high . Everyone inside the meeting room flinched at the sudden movement of the Association President
Section Chief Woo Jin-Cheol, here to guard his boss from the side, rapidly walked in closer
"Did something happen, sir?".
"Just now . ".
Goh Gun-Hui shifted his gaze over to Woo Jin-Cheol . The latter's expression remained the same as usual
"Haven't you felt that?".
"Sir? I don't understand what you mean ".
" ".
Just now, an astonishing wave of magic power flooded in from a faraway place beyond the windows
Although it only lasted for a brief moment and quickly disappeared from Goh Gun-Hui's perception, he still had felt the full brunt of that
'… . '.
As their Association President continued to stare into the distance outside the window, the agents had to stop the meeting and cautiously ask their boss
"Sir ?".
Only then did Goh Gun-Hui shift his gaze away, his head still tilting side to side
He wondered about the possible origin of that powerful burst of magic energy, but for the time being, he had to concentrate on the current meeting . Goh Gun-Hui fell into deep thought, before throwing a question at one of the agents in charge
"Have you succeeded in getting in contact with Hunter Seong Jin-Woo?".
***.

Min Byung-Gu replied testily
"I may be retired now, but my rank hasn't dropped, you know . ".
These two men had been sharing a bottle of cheap liquor for the first time in a long while inside a certain 'pojangmacha' until then, but now, only the heavy silence flowed between them . (TL note at the end).
Baek Yun-Ho eventually shifted his gaze back to his front
"What was that just now?".
"Maybe Choi Jong-In and Cha Hae-In started fighting over the shares of the Hunters Guild . Who knows . ".
Min Byung-Gu had been frozen on the spot with a shot glass in his hand, but suddenly broke out in a fit of giggles before emptying the soju down his throat .  ".
"But, wasn't it funny, hyung?".
" Never mind . Forget it . ".
But, then again - including his sense of humour, Min Byung-Gu could be considered a bit strange in the head . No doubt about that
'I mean, he's supposed to be the first rank S Hunter in the world to retire when he's still all healthy and the like, isn't he?'.
Not only the first in the world, but he was also the only one so far, too
Just how many people out there would willingly give up on the ridiculous amount of wealth a rank S Hunter could earn, simply because he wasn't interested anymore?.
Min Byung-Gu wasn't even from a wealthy stock, to begin with
Sensing Baek Yun-Ho's questioning gaze, Min Byung-Gu asked back
"Hyung . Are you really going to participate?".
" Yeah . ".
"But, you saw how Eun-Seok hyung died . ".
"That's why I must go back . ".
Min Byung-Gu looked at his drinking partner with a bit of confusion on his face . Baek Yun-Ho emptied his shot glass and continued on
"If we leave the ants alone, the entirety of South Korea would end up like that place . ".
"Since when did you become this patriotic ?".
"Well, we're supposed to do it sooner rather than later, so might as well come up with a nice-sounding excuse while I'm at it . Don't you agree?".
The Guilds could not decline the Association's summons . The Association would accommodate the needs of the various Guilds, and the Guilds themselves simply had to answer the Association's call in return
If one didn't want to, then there was the option of emigrating to somewhere else . How unfortunate, then, that there was no sane-minded nation willing to accept a Hunter running away from a high-difficulty raid
Even if a country did accept such a person, could anyone actually be sure of that said Hunter not pulling the exact same stunt again in the future?.
'I don't want to run away, anyways . '.
Baek Yun-Ho smirked to himself . Meanwhile, Min Byung-Gu bluntly replied
"I won't be participating . I will never go back there . If you asked to see me, hoping to change my mind, you might as well give . ".
"That's not it . ".
Baek Yun-Ho put the cash down for the alcohol and stood up . The bottle was empty by then
"I came to say goodbye, just in case . I don't know if we'll get to sit down for a drink again, after all . ".
"Hyung . ".
Min Byung-Gu gave up on changing Baek Yun-Ho's mind, as he watched the latter wave his hand while walking away
Baek Yun-Ho already knew full well the dangers of the subjugation plan, perhaps better than anyone else
'Even then, he's still going . '.
Baek Yun-Ho's expression wasn't of someone being dragged away despite feeling deeply scared . No, rather, he carried the face of someone getting ready to step on and kill as many ants as he could with this opportunity, instead . Indeed, he seemed to be eagerly waiting for the day of the subjugation
Min Byung-Gu could only chew on the snacks with a helpless expression on his face, only for his chopsticks to stop moving shortly thereafter
'Wait a minute . I can't think of that many Hunters who don't like fighting against monsters, now can I?'.
There were a few like that among the Healers, but on the flip side, those folks simply loved to heal others, instead
Min Byung-Gu dazedly stared at the bowl of oden soup, before roughly scratching the side of his head
'Could it be that only those who like fighting become Awakened?'.
Eii, there was no way that could be true
Min Byung-Gu found something to be rather funny, and laughed all by himself while finishing the oden
***.
Jin-Woo quickly arrived in the hospital
'Let's see It was room number 305, right?'.
He wasn't planning to enter the hospital through the front door, to begin with . While still riding on Kaisel, he searched for the windows of his mother's hospital room
'Ruler's Reach . '.
The curtains covering the windows silently parted sideways . He saw the quietly-sleeping sight of his mother on the bed . She looked exactly the same as the last time he came to visit
Jin-Woo used 'Ruler's Reach' one more time to open the window and silently stepped into the hospital room . Kaisel had disappeared into his shadow by then
He soon stood by the side of the bed . His heart was pounding madly now that the time he had been waiting for so long was here
'If something goes wrong, I won't be able to do anything . '.
His mother had been unconscious for a very long time . There was a chance that she might not even be able to swallow the Divine Water of Life, and even if she did, there was no guarantee that she'd be okay afterwards
'However . '.
Jin-Woo got to witness plenty of miracles the System caused so far
If it happened to someone else, he'd never have believed a word of it . One didn't even have to look far for tangible evidence, either . Wasn't he the walking proof of those miracles?.
'I was a rank E, yet now look at me standing here . '.
All of his achievements, they were due to the System's powers . Jin-Woo wordlessly stared at his two hands, before raising his head
His mother lay right in front of his eyes, looking as if she'd wake up at any moment if he called out to her . He summoned the 'Divine Water of Life' from the Inventory
Shururu .
On top of his hand, a wooden bottle materialised out of the blue . He read the item information over and over again, just in case he might have missed something important
And so, by the time he had thoroughly memorised every word in the item information by repeatedly reading it over and over again, he managed to build up enough courage to pull the cork off of the wooden bottle
Pop
His hands that stayed steady during the life-or-death battle against the Demon King were trembling greatly now . Jin-Woo took a deep, deep breath to calm his mind
'If I make a mistake here, my mother will bear the cost, instead . '.
The moment he told himself there could not be any mistake whatsoever, he was able to regain the usual calmness right away . Even his hands stopped shaking
'… . I'm fine now . '.
Jin-Woo cautiously supported the back of his mother's, Park Gyung-Hye's, neck with his left hand . He then brought the mouth of the wooden bottle closer to her lips
Soon, the 'Divine Water of Life' slowly trickled into her slightly parted lips . Jin-Woo didn't rush it and made sure to let only a tiny strand enter her mouth
'This wound '.
He then noticed the burn marks on the side of his mom's neck . The burns continued down the back of her neck, too
Although he couldn't see it from this angle, Jin-Woo knew only too well that the burn mark extended from the entirety of the back of her neck and her shoulders to some part of her head
'She got that because of me, after all . '.
Back then, he only wanted to wash his mother's hair, inside the public bathhouse . He wanted to emulate what his mother did, when she washed the hair of very young Jin-Ah
However, the young Jin-Woo, who never had much of an opportunity to visit public bathhouses before, lacked the ability to tell apart the temperature of the water
Splash, splash .
The very hot water, hot enough to bubble up, filled up the plastic wash basin . The young Jin-Woo did his very best not to spill any of the hot water and cautiously walked to the back of his mom
And then .
Splash!.
He poured the water out of the plastic basin
Mom flinched a little, but didn't move from the spot even when her flesh was visibly cooked red . All because, she feared that the hot water might end up on Jin-Ah's face . She simply held her daughter tight in her embrace
She didn't make any noise
The belated screams came from not his mother, but from the mouths of the aunties nearby
"Oh, my god!! Someone, help!".
"Jin-Woo's mom!".
Only then did Jin-Woo realise he did something bad . But, all he wanted to do was to help his mother
Jin-Woo dropped the plastic basin and began crying, but his mom tightly grasped his shoulders . And then, asked him
"Jin-Woo? Are you okay? Are you hurt anywhere?".
The young Jin-Woo thought that he'd be scolded for sure . He could never forget the events of that day and those words his mother said to him . Not even now
'And here I am, thinking that I don't owe anyone anything '.
After their father went missing, it was mom alone who raised the siblings Jin-Woo and Jin-Ah
He hated owing someone, or someone owing him, so he made sure that such a thing never happened, but still .
He owed his mother a debt that he could never possibly repay
It was then
The very last drop entered his mother's mouth
Jin-Woo put the bottle down and carefully laid her on the bed again . He stood quietly to the side as if he was praying to someone while waiting for the result
Thump, thump, thump!!.
His heart pounded so much that his chest actually ached . Nervous saliva travelled down his throat, too
'… '.
However, there was no visible change
Just as a drop of blood from Jin-Woo's tightly clenched fist was about to fall .
"Heo-heok!!".

 Like colour spreading on the black and white TV screen, a healthy complexion was spreading over his mother's skin
Every passing second felt like an hour to him
How much time did pass like that?.
 Her gaze wandered around for a moment or two, before stopping at Jin-Woo
"Who No, wait, could you be . Jin-Woo?".
Jin-Woo's heart nearly fell just then, but he managed to nod his head a little
It was obvious that she didn't recognise him right away . Four years had passed by already, and he had grown by a lot since then, too
Jin-Woo didn't rush things and quietly waited
Like water slowly filling up an empty bowl, blurry memories of the past filled up the empty hole of the last four years in Jin-Woo's mother, Park Gyung-Hye's mind bit by bit
It didn't take her a long time to realise why she was lying on the hospital bed like this
"How long have I been lying here, son?".
"It's been four years, mom . ".
He could've also added that it was four years and a few days, but he didn't . His mother currently needed as much calmness, a sense of stability, so he did his best to sound and look normal
But, mom was still taken back by the revelation of four years, and she hurriedly asked him
"What about Jin-Ah?? Is your sister alright??".
It was then, Jin-Woo felt something powerful welling up from deep within his heart
She had been teetering on the edge of life and death for the last four years, yet the first thing she asked after waking up was the well-being of her daughter
If he hadn't bitten down on his lower lip, he might have broken down right there and then
'It's no time to worry about that girl, you know . '.
He wanted to say that out loud . But, he suppressed his emotions and formed a thin smile, instead
"Yes, mom . She's doing okay . ".
 '.
Finally recognising that mom's illness had been cured, his heart palpitated again . But then, he was jolted out of his thoughts . Mom was holding his left hand even before he had noticed it
"Mom?".
"Thank you, son . You kept your promise . ".
Promise?.
' . Ah, I forgot . '.
Then again, he had always thought it was the most obvious thing in the world, so it was possible that he didn't consciously see it as a promise
The so-called 'Eternal Sleep' disorder, where you'd fall deeper and deeper into slumber, until you'd never wake up again .
It became harder for mom to carry on with her daily life as drowsiness frequently assaulted her without warning with every passing day . Out of the blue, though, she asked Jin-Woo for a favour
- "If mom can't wake up one day, will you promise me to take good care of your little sister?".
She carried a smile of a mother asking her child for a simple errand back then
That was why he had been enduring until now . He didn't resent her at all .  ".
Jin-Woo tried to smile like he had done before to assuage his mother's worries . As if nothing of note had happened until then
Unfortunately, he couldn't do that
All the tears he held back until then travelled down his face, and his lips parted all on their own
"Yeah . ".
< Chapter 109 > Fin


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{% extends 'base.html' %}
{% block content %}
Apartment Amenities
- Extra Large Units
- Expanded Basic Cable with HBO
- Full Size Washer and Dryer
- Ceiling Fans Throughout
- Individual Wooden Decks
- Microwaves
- Mini/Vertical Blinds
- Frost Free Refrigerators
- And Much More!
Community Amenities
- Small Clean and Quiet Community
- Excellent On Site Maintenance
- Close To Shops and Dining
- Three Blocks from Campus
- Small Pets Welcome, No Dogs
{% endblock %}


The ESUG board is pleased to announce that the 25th ESUG conference/summer-school will be held in Maribor, Slovenia 4-8 September 2017; with Camp Smalltalk 3 September 2017. The conference is co-organised by University FERI https://feri.um.si/en/.
Maribor is the second-largest city in Slovenia with about 96,000 inhabitants. It is also the largest city of the traditional region of Lower Styria.
The conference is planned to be held at the University of Maribor: https://feri.um.si/en/
To find the building (and entrance), have a look at the google map links below/ PLEASE NOTE that pictures on google maps are old. See here for a picture of the building, and with entrances marked here. Entrance will also be appropriately marked.
A downloadable PDF is available here: http://www.esug.org/data/ESUG2017/ESUG2017-map.pdf
We have chosen some of them in the center of Maribor. They are all located close to the location of Conference (max 400 m by foot).
You will make your own reservations. When placing a reservation, you have to say that you are a participant of the Conference, ESUG 2017.
Taxi. We negotiated some reduction with the company named “Mikro taxi”. Prices for taxi from different airports to Maribor are as following:
Currently there can go 4 people in the car but with arrangement with taxi company also bigger car can be requested. Contact for taxi<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Airport. The closest Airports are:
At the airport you can use if you are enough to fill all the seats https://www.goopti.com/en/


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The methods and properties used to add formatting to a cell are shown in The Format Class.
This section provides some additional information about working with formats.
Cell formatting is defined through a Format object. Format objects are created by calling the workbook add_format() method as follows:
format1 = workbook.add_format() # Set properties later.
format2 = workbook.add_format(props) # Set properties at creation.
Once a Format object has been constructed and its properties have been set it can be passed as an argument to the worksheet write methods as follows:
worksheet.write (0, 0, 'Foo', format)
worksheet.write_string(1, 0, 'Bar', format)
worksheet.write_number(2, 0, 3, format)
worksheet.write_blank (3, 0, '', format)
Formats can also be passed to the worksheet set_row() and set_column() methods to define the default property for a row or column:
worksheet.set_row(0, 18, format)
worksheet.set_column('A:D', 20, format)
The following table shows the Excel format categories, the formatting properties that can be applied and the equivalent object method:
| Category | Description | Property | Method Name |
|---|---|---|---|
| Font | Font type | 'font_name' | set_font_name() |
| Font size | 'font_size' | set_font_size() | |
| Font color | 'font_color' | set_font_color() | |
| Bold | 'bold' | set_bold() | |
| Italic | 'italic' | set_italic() | |
| Underline | 'underline' | set_underline() | |
| Strikeout | 'font_strikeout' | set_font_strikeout() | |
| Super/Subscript | 'font_script' | set_font_script() | |
| Number | Numeric format | 'num_format' | set_num_format() |
| Protection | Lock cells | 'locked' | set_locked() |
| Hide formulas | 'hidden' | set_hidden() | |
| Alignment | Horizontal align | 'align' | set_align() |
| Vertical align | 'valign' | set_align() | |
| Rotation | 'rotation' | set_rotation() | |
| Text wrap | 'text_wrap' | set_text_wrap() | |
| Justify last | 'text_justlast' | set_text_justlast() | |
| Center across | 'center_across' | set_center_across() | |
| Indentation | 'indent' | set_indent() | |
| Shrink to fit | 'shrink' | set_shrink() | |
| Pattern | Cell pattern | 'pattern' | set_pattern() |
| Background color | 'bg_color' | set_bg_color() | |
| Foreground color | 'fg_color' | set_fg_color() | |
| Border | Cell border | 'border' | set_border() |
| Bottom border | 'bottom' | set_bottom() | |
| Top border | 'top' | set_top() | |
| Left border | 'left' | set_left() | |
| Right border | 'right' | set_right() | |
| Border color | 'border_color' | set_border_color() | |
| Bottom color | 'bottom_color' | set_bottom_color() | |
| Top color | 'top_color' | set_top_color() | |
| Left color | 'left_color' | set_left_color() | |
| Right color | 'right_color' | set_right_color() |
There are two ways of setting Format properties: by using the object interface or by setting the property as a dictionary of key/value pairs in the constructor. For example, a typical use of the object interface would be as follows:
format = workbook.add_format()
format.set_bold()
format.set_font_color('red')
By comparison the properties can be set by passing a dictionary of properties to the add_format() constructor:
format = workbook.add_format({'bold': True, 'font_color': 'red'})
The object method interface is mainly provided for backward compatibility with Excel::Writer::XLSX. The key/value interface has proved to be more flexible in real world programs and is the recommended method for setting format properties.
Format property colors are specified using a Html sytle #RRGGBB index:
cell_format.set_font_color('#FF0000')
For backward compatibility with Excel::Writer::XLSX a limited number of color names are supported:
cell_format.set_font_color('red')
The color names and corresponding #RRGGBB indices are shown below:
| Color name | RGB color code |
|---|---|
| black | #000000 |
| blue | #0000FF |
| brown | #800000 |
| cyan | #00FFFF |
| gray | #808080 |
| green | #008000 |
| lime | #00FF00 |
| magenta | #FF00FF |
| navy | #000080 |
| orange | #FF6600 |
| pink | #FF00FF |
| purple | #800080 |
| red | #FF0000 |
| silver | #C0C0C0 |
| white | #FFFFFF |
| yellow | #FFFF00 |
The default Excel 2007+ cell format is Calibri 11 with all other properties off.
In general a format method call without an argument will turn a property on, for example:
format1 = workbook.add_format()
format1.set_bold() # Turns bold on.
format1.set_bold(1) # Also turns bold on.
Since most properties are already off by default it isn’t generally required to turn them off. However, it is possible if required:
format1.set_bold(0); # Turns bold off.
Each unique cell format in an XlsxWriter spreadsheet must have a corresponding Format object. It isn’t possible to use a Format with a write() method and then redefine it for use at a later stage. This is because a Format is applied to a cell not in its current state but in its final state. Consider the following example:
format = workbook.add_format({'bold': True, 'font_color': 'red'})
worksheet.write('A1', 'Cell A1', format)
# Later...
format.set_font_color('green')
worksheet.write('B1', 'Cell B1', format)
Cell A1 is assigned a format which is initially has the font set to the colour red. However, the colour is subsequently set to green. When Excel displays Cell A1 it will display the final state of the Format which in this case will be the colour green.


Funcie is a personal project I developed my Sophomore year based on the tongue-in-cheek name locals have for my college town: Muncie, Indiana. “Funcie” playfully jabs Muncie for being a quiet town without much to do or stands for “F*** Muncie” depending on who you ask. I designed a warm, retro logo for Funcie and applied it to t-shirts, patches, and other merchandise which I sold through a local concert venue. The logo was also approved by Snapchat and is a geofilter for Muncie, Indiana.


{{TemplateVar.get 'error'}}
{{else}} {{> Template.dynamic template=(TemplateVar.get 'status') data=(TemplateVar.get 'nameInfo')}} {{/if}}This app allows you to register a .eth domain name, for use in ethereum decentralized applications.
On the temporary registrar only names longer than 6 characters are allowed
On the temporary registrar only names longer than 6 characters are allowed.
But wait! Someone has accidentally registered this name. Invalidate it and you'll get 50% of their refund.
{{registrationDate}}
This name was registered at {{registrationDate}}. Owner offered to pay up to {{highestBid}} ether.
Owned by: {{> dapp_identicon identity=owner class="dapp-tiny"}}{{TemplateVar.get 'owner'}} {{owner}}
Deed address: {{> dapp_identicon identity=(entry.deed.address) class="dapp-tiny"}} {{entry.deed.address}}
Needs to be renewed by: {{renewalDate}}
Before any changes can be done to the name, this name needs to be finalized. Doing this will refund {{refund}} ether to the owner.
{{> finalizeButton }}


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Walking hand-in-hand as the seasons change from shades of green, to amber, to hues of grey, then green once more.
Enjoy the bustle of the city, the view of the mountains, the vastness of the ocean, and lush green scenery pass softly by your window.
Gardening adds years to your life and life to your years.


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pymatgen.io.lammps.inputs module¶
-
class
LammpsRun
(script_template, settings, data, script_filename)[source]¶ Bases:
monty.json.MSONable
Examples for various simple LAMMPS runs with given simulation box, force field and a few more settings. Experience LAMMPS users should consider using write_lammps_inputs method with more sophisticated templates.
Base constructor.
Parameters: - script_template (str) – String template for input script with placeholders. The format for placeholders has to be ‘$variable_name’, e.g., ‘$temperature’
- settings (dict) – Contains values to be written to the placeholders, e.g., {‘temperature’: 1}.
- data (LammpsData or str) – Data file as a LammpsData instance or path to an existing data file. Default to None, i.e., no data file supplied. Useful only when read_data cmd is in the script.
- script_filename (str) – Filename for the input script.
-
classmethod
md
(data, force_field, temperature, nsteps, other_settings=None)[source]¶ Example for a simple MD run based on template md.txt.
- Args:
- data (LammpsData or str): Data file as a LammpsData
- instance or path to an existing data file.
- force_field (str): Combined force field related cmds. For
- example, ‘pair_style eam
- pair_coeff * * Cu_u3.eam’.
temperature (float): Simulation temperature. nsteps (int): No. of steps to run. other_settings (dict): other settings to be filled into
placeholders.
-
template_dir
= '/Users/shyue/repos/pymatgen/pymatgen/io/lammps/templates'¶
-
write_lammps_inputs
(output_dir, script_template, settings=None, data=None, script_filename='in.lammps', make_dir_if_not_present=True, **kwargs)[source]¶ Writes input files for a LAMMPS run. Input script is constructed from a str template with placeholders to be filled by custom settings. Data file is either written from a LammpsData instance or copied from an existing file if read_data cmd is inspected in the input script. Other supporting files are not handled at the moment.
Parameters: - output_dir (str) – Directory to output the input files.
- script_template (str) – String template for input script with placeholders. The format for placeholders has to be ‘$variable_name’, e.g., ‘$temperature’
- settings (dict) – Contains values to be written to the placeholders, e.g., {‘temperature’: 1}. Default to None.
- data (LammpsData or str) – Data file as a LammpsData instance or path to an existing data file. Default to None, i.e., no data file supplied. Useful only when read_data cmd is in the script.
- script_filename (str) – Filename for the input script.
- make_dir_if_not_present (bool) – Set to True if you want the directory (and the whole path) to be created if it is not present.
- **kwargs – kwargs supported by LammpsData.write_file.


1. Drag and drop or click to upload a portrait image.
2. You can crop the image after uploading.
3. Processing happens automatically once the image is uploaded.
4. Your 3D photo is ready to be downloaded (in GIF or WebM format) and used in various other applications.
Note: The first processing will take longer for initialization (>3s), while subsequent predictions are faster
(<0.2s).
Please refer to our
GitHub Portrait
Depth API repo for more details.
For 3D portraits effects and more creative usage (e.g., depth-of-field, depth-scanning effects) of depth maps,
you can checkout
DepthLab.


Mrs Jones yes sir beautiful time thank you darling.
You look very handsome yourself.
I feel very handsome sure talk to about this week.
Wow i was a good week.
You went camping.
I did much to the shock of it would seem everybody on facebook including me everybody on the internet.
So for our listeners, our church does something called a dad in me camp out run by our amazing children's pastor, Marty Curly.
And so the idea is that dads take away their kids for a weekend, live in the wilderness, all bond and it was, it's very, very important that you understand this was an amazing weekend.
 But I'm also aware that I'm a very different person now than I was
when I decided that I didn't like X. Does that make sense?
Yeah, yeah.
And I'm aware I've had some inner healing. And so I don't want to live my life based on
a history of me liking or not liking something.
Right.
I'd rather have a present day experience.
So you can try camping again in a couple of years?
Yeah, sure.
Okay.
Maybe I'll have had a lobotomy by now and actually find sleeping on the ground enjoyable. And
So I say all that to say that there's a lot of people I greatly respect who love camping like myself
Yes, but I mean I do respect you but you don't really talk about camping and I think people have you know
It's probably my own fault, but I actually
Well, it's I really like the outdoors. I was like no, I don't I like looking at scenery from the inside of an air-conditioned house
So I would actually love to have a log cabin or a beautiful mansion in the middle of nowhere. I think that's lovely
But actually going out and experiencing it the humidity and the bugs and the it's just not my cup of tea
So I went and I we have two daughters. We have a seven-year-old and a four-year-old who's now turned five
So I guess she's a five-year-old. I say that because today is her birthday. That's why it's confusing me and Abigail the seven-year-old
She's up for anything. She loves everything and anything everything is awesome. Everything is a dance
Everything is a song.
Tia is like a four-year-old female version of me.
So on the first night we get there,
they're doing a treasure hunt and
we're running around the middle of nowhere in the dark.

And I've been careful not to influence my kids either way.
I've been high influencer.
This is awesome.
We're gonna have a great time.
But Tia's like, daddy, this is so dumb.
And every time we'd pick up a price,
she'd be like, are we finished yet?
And when we got back to where we started from, she's like,
are you kidding me?
We're back where we started.
What was the point of this?
And so then we went to sleep.
And I'm not sure if this is campground protocol
or what do you call it, campground.
- Edicate. - Edicate.
But tents aren't actually soundproof.
So it's just a thin piece of nylon
that's separating you from the outside world.
So I'm lying awake with my kids who are lying awake,
sweltering heart and you know, they've given me a cop,
which apparently is an upgrade from sleeping on the floor.
And I can hear everything that's going on in all the tents.
So people singing, people with guitars,
people playing music, people talking.
And I'm like, guys, it's like midnight.
What's going on?
And I'm thinking, do I practice powerful communication
at this point?
Or do I just go on a rampage with a baseball bat?
I'm not sure what I'm supposed to do.
We have a pastor, okay.

But I guess, you know, every the next one was like,
How did you sleep? And I'm like, I said like a peasant, like, why would I volunteer to sleep on the floor? I don't, I just don't understand this. I have a perfectly good bed at home. We have the West in heavenly bed. It's delightful.
I have it's not that delightful.
I have air conditioning. I have a German made air purifier and I abandoned all those things for what. So for camping, I love camping.
Tell me about such high hopes of you liking camping.
Tell me why you love camping.
I love, I like getting out and away from everything
and cooking my own food over the fire.
I like the challenge of cooking healthy food over the fire,
which you didn't get to try that really
'cause all the food was provided.
But I just, I like that stuff.
I love the quiet of it.
I mean, I haven't camped since we've had kids,
but when I was single, I used to go camping.

- Yeah, but you're starting to tell me
what you love about camping.
- I like the solitude, which you wouldn't have solitude
with at a church event probably,
but I just like that.
- Or with children.
- Solitude.
- Maybe you need to revisit camping with your own children.
- Well, I'll have to wait 'til I'm J's a little older,
but yeah, I'd love to.

I don't understand why you wanna make things more difficult.
That's what I understand.
- Well, it's considerably cheaper to camp.
- Yes, because you're living like a big rip.
- And so you feel like you're being,
(laughs)
you're being thrifty as well as having all of that.
- Well, it's confusing for me,
clearly I'm in the minority because everyone was having an amazing time, which if I'm honest,
actually just makes my issue harder because I'm like, clearly, I'm the odd one. I hear everybody
else is ecstatic about being one with nature. And I can't wait to separate myself from nature and
get into an air condition place with a reliable Wi-Fi signal.
Well, there you go. Right.
Rant complete.
Yes. Why?
I didn't want to be negative about that. I really enjoyed being with everybody.
i'm just glad i came home early i bribed my children in the morning i'm not ashamed to say i woke up and i just said girls.
We could stay here or we could leave now and daddy will buy you a toy at walmart and will go for dinner and then abigail was like but they're gonna have a movie and i will take you to the movies.
The love of all that's holy i'll give you half of my kingdom if we can leave right now.
and they were fine.
Yeah, but they didn't want to stay baby.
They told me the next day in the car, I was like,
"Hey, how did it was camping and everything?"
They're like, "It was fine.
I'm like, did you like sleeping outside?"
No, I didn't sleep.
Mike, do you want to camp outside again?
Not really, not if I have to sleep on the floor.
I'm like, oh.
They're probably too young.
I think next year, you can just go into skies as a daddy
and they'll probably have a much better time.

Yeah, I think that's the thing to do.
Talk about Tia's birthday today.
Well, Tia, well, Tia turned five today.
And so she got her family presents this morning and had breakfast in bed.
And she requested a gluten free banana and chocolate chip muffin, which is what she got.
Pretty specific.
Yep.
And yeah, and then we went to sweet, sweet, sweet, sweet, sweet.
And I'm currently the party is two days away.
So I'm currently working on all of the rainbow things that need to be accomplished before the rainbow party in two days time.
So I've been trying to each night do one thing that needs to be done towards a party. So I'm not stressed on Saturday.
And we have some spectacular rainbow jello desserts, which I was, you know, when you go to Pinterest,
there's a great meme going around the internet called Pinterest fails, where you have the picture of what people were trying to achieve.
and then what people actually produced and you know they're on two ends of a scale.
And so I looked at this Pinterest thing that you wanted to do these Jello rainbow cups.
And I thought there's no way that's going to work, but they have the spectacular,
well, check our Instagram to see these works with beauties.
Yes. And then you're also making a rainbow cake.
I'm making a rainbow cake. So it's got six layers, six different colors of rainbow in it.
And then the outside is six different colors of buttercream.
So it's your lord.
It's going to be quite the beast.
Yeah.
You said buttercream icing.
I forgot how good that tastes.
No, I think I'll have buttercream just breakfast tomorrow.
No, on the topic of you making things, you made some delicious fish tacos.
I did.
I really did.
I feel like my desire to find amazing fish tacos.
I winged it today.
I used cod and I used coconut
flour, almond meal, and a whole bunch of spices.
- Talk about your baja sauce.
- Oh my baja sauce.
- Well, let's pre-fix that by last night.
We didn't, we were at youth and we hadn't eaten
and so we thought we'll have fish tacos for dinner at 10 p.m.

But while in Kroger's, we were trying to find
all the ingredients for fish tacos.
And I was sure I'd be able to buy off the shelf baja sauce,
but looking through all the Mexican food, you know,
there was no such thing. So I wandered around Kroger's was having a Mexican week. I'm sure they
were gonna have a real life Mexican I could actually ask, but they didn't. And so I was just
like, well, I guess we're gonna have fish tacos without baja sauce. But Jesus, the great providers,
were checking out. There happens to be two people who are wearing the taco t-shirts because they
work at one of the taco stands. So I ran out and said, look guys, I'm so sorry. I know you finished
work. Where would I find taco sauce?
Like Baja sauce for fish tacos.
For fish tacos, and they looked to me, they're like, we just use ranch dressing.
So I was like, really?
My world kind of came crashing down.
But you made your own Baja sauce.
I talked about that.
I mixed veganies or vaganies or however it's pronounced.
Anyway, it's not actual mayonnaise.
It's like a healthier version and an avocado and garlic and
cilantro and a little bit of onion and then some garlic salt and salt and pepper and
whatever made my own schnazzy sauce.
But it was legit.
Oh, so good.
So it gluten-free shells and then your coconut flowering, crusted cod pieces, cod pieces,
that sounds terrible.
We had pieces of cod that were pan-fried in coconut flour, fried in coconut oil, dress
with some raw cabbage, your baja sauce, some chopped tomatoes.
It was yummy.
It was legit, so well done on that one.
I kind of want to make it again tomorrow.
And on the topic of food, Master Chief, Master Chief.
The heck is Master Chief?
The French version of Master Chef is back on, which we both love.
Yes, and Abigail is really into it now too.
Which is great because we've told her a lie that if you want to be on MasterChef, you
have to try lots of new things.
That is not a lie.
She wants to be on MasterChef Junior.
I said to her, "You don't like food enough to be on MasterChef Junior because to be on
MasterChef Junior, they actually, you taste the food as you go along and they can make
all these different things.
If you want to be on it, I'm all for teaching you how to cook honey, but you have to actually
try new stuff."
is fantastic because she's now empowered to try everything we put before her.
So she tried three new things today and she was so excited. Mummy, I tried three new different
foods today.
It is not a lie. All right, our topic for this week. I wanted to talk about dads. It's Father's Day.
Oh, by the time you guys listen to it, it will have been Father's Day, but
we record these on a Thursday. So it's going to be Father's Day this Sunday. And so, obviously,
have been thinking about thinking about that and got to speak to my parents today, got to speak to
my dad and my dad's finally got an iPhone which is a sign and a wonder in and of itself. So we
were faced with them while they were out. But I wanted to ask you, you know, lots of people have
heard your testimony, the heard our testimony is teaching on the father heart of God. But I want
to talk about what are some of your favorite memories of your dad?
So most of my favorite memories are going to be from when I was like a little older, like a teenager.
I mean, I have one good memory from when I was little. I was sitting on dad's lap,
I'm maybe six or seven years old, and going through the Christmas wish book,
which was out from Sears or whatever, and just writing a list of like potential things I might
like for Christmas. I have that. But other than that, the rest of them are all from when I'm a
teenager. But I remember lots of times sitting on the couch with my dad and he
would be in the corner and I'd lean up against him and sometimes fall asleep on
him and watch football together. And I never was into football but it was fun
to just sit with my dad and watch it. I was thinking about this earlier my we
were not a movie-going family at all. Like I can probably name on one hand the
times we went together to see a movie theater, to go to a movie theater to see a movie at
Beggaborn.
So I was thinking about my favorite times was actually when my dad took me to the movies.
I remember two distinct things.
I remember three actually.
It took us the whole family to CET.
So the whole family we went to go to CET, which was amazing.
But before that, or maybe not, we'd have to look at IMDB to see when these movies came
out.
But I remember just me and him went to go see Raiders of the Lost to Arc.
No, not Raiders of the Lost Arc.
Indiana Jones on the template doom. Oh, cool. Which was just amazing. I remember, I just
like, I just thought, this is incredible. I'm out with my dad. We're going to see a
movie. This is so awesome.  But I think probably the most defining moment,
or not defining moment, but one of my best memories was I didn't really get an allowance
as a young child, I don't at least I don't remember getting an allowance.

You know, I've said of birthdays and Christmases, of course, but it wasn't normal to get presence.
But I remember one day my dad and I had gone downtown and there was the big store that
we would go to.
It was called John Menzies and no longer exists, but it would probably be the equivalent, I
don't know what it would be equivalent of, but it was a toy store and a bookstore and
a new agent, and I remember it was the time when Return of the Jedi had just come out
and one wall was absolutely devoted to these Star Wars figurines that you could collect.
And I remember just looking at the wall and I wasn't wanting one of them because it wasn't
normal for us to ask, "Can I have one of those things that wasn't what we did as a
family?"
But my dad, he'd gone looking at things and he found me looking at the wall and he said,
"Do you want one?"
And I just did not know what to...
Are you kidding me?
Yes, of course I want one.

Remember the beginning of the movie?
I forget what their name is, but I remember picking up one of those and I picked up.
Yeah, I just think this is the best day of my life.
And then my dad said, why don't you get two?
And I was like, the return of Jesus is imminent.
It must be coming.
It cannot get better than this.
I'm sorry.
I remember picking up another character.
I don't remember what it was, but I just remember my mind being blown that I don't know
whether it was my dad had this power that we could get things, you know,
learned that that power was called money.
But I just remember that being just, just something that sticks out in my head,
even today, just in terms of the whole thing of generosity.
And then the last one, which the girls always asked me to tell the story when
they're in bed.
As I remember as a young boy, we had a fairly large garden for the house that
we grew up in.
And there was a couple of major trees, really, really tall pine trees,
since been removed because they were a bit of a threat to the house.
And I remember climbing up one of their trees, I must have got really, really, really, really
high.
And then I remember getting stuck at the top of the tree.
And I remember my mom calling us all to come in for dinner and here I am stuck at the
top of the tree, freaking out.
And I'm scared for a couple of reasons.
I'm scared that I can't get down.
And then I'm scared that my parents are going to be mad at me for going up there in the
first place.
And so my dad came out and I remember my dad climbing to the top of the tree and he wasn't
mad. He wasn't angry. And I remember just putting my arms on his neck and then him climbing
down the tree with me on his back. And I never remember getting reprimanded for it.  But I just thought, gosh, that's such a great prophetic picture of my
subsequent relationship with daddy God, you know, just just absolutely incredible.
Yeah.
When he comes to rescue, when you teach and you talk about, you know, you're talking about
your journey with your dad, you tell some amazing stories when your relationship was
restored with them. I think my favorite one of which is the chess story. Okay. Tell that
story and set it up. Tell him about how smart your dad was.
Oh yeah, my dad was like super, super smart. So I'd have to check with my mom, but he was
like genius levels in terms of IQ. And he would read the Encyclopedia Britannica just
for fun and just was always whatever he did.
He did it with a level of excellence
that he had scholarships all the way through,
getting, he had three different degrees from university
and he got scholarship 'cause his grade point average
was always like--
Insanely.
It was insane.
He was always top of the top.
Right.
So really, really smart and love chess.
He was part of the chess club for the University
of Michigan when he was there.
And so we used to have Friday night dates.
And I worked for a restaurant called the Keg.
And he came and picked me up from the Keg.
And we hadn't really decided what we're going to do
necessarily.
We either went to movie or we got food or we went bowling
or we did something.
And so he picked me up and we're walking through the mall.
And there's a guy sitting there that plays chess.
And this guy, what he does to make money
as he sets up a long table with 10 chessboards and you pay $10 to play chess against him.
And it's all timed through his old timer, so it doesn't take very long.
And then if you win, he'll pay you $100.
But I mean, obviously this is how he makes his money.
Right.
So he's playing 10 people at the same time.

Right.
What do you pay to play?
Ten.
You pay ten and you can win a hundred.
So at the time, I think there's only three or four other people playing, but my dad sort
of saw him and kind of lit up a bit because he loves to play chess and basically whenever
we would play, I just lose.

And I was like, sure.
So he sits down to play and plays the guy and he wins.
And so the guy says, you know, you can either hide your hundred dollars or if you will wait
until these other two games are done,
then, and play me one on one.
If you win, I'll give you a thousand dollars,
but if I win, then I get to keep the hundred.
And so, again, my dad was like,
okay, do we have time?
And I was like, sure.
So I just went to the food court and got a snack,
and my dad ended up beating him.
And so, he gets this thousand dollars from the guy,
and my dad turns to me and he goes,
let's go to New York City!
And I'm like, when?
And he's like, right now.
I'm like, what?
What?
Because it's a 10-hour drive from Toronto.
It's not like--
Right.
It's not close, you know?
And he'd never suggested something like that before.
And at the time, it's just he and I that live together.

And he literally drove through the night.
But he only usually slept like three or four hours a night
anyway.
And I slept in the car.
And we went to New York City.
And we stayed one night at the Waldorf.
and we went to this big toy store that had two floors
and that piano that you could walk on.
- A few shorts.
- Yeah, that one.
- Yeah, it's a fairly famous toy store review.
- I can't remember the name of it.
And then, yeah, and we went and saw,
I can't remember as a Lion King
or it was some sort of Broadway show
and just, I'm sure we spent well over $1,000
but we had a lot of fun.
- I think the moral of that story
is I need to learn and play chess real good.
- Yeah, that's definitely the moral of that story.
It's actually a game I've never learned to play.
I could teach you, but I pretty much can only teach you how to lose because that's what
I'm really good at.
We're not going to make our money, me losing chess.
Probably not.
I'll call Chris Locke and get him to teach me.
Yeah, there you go.
Tell me your best, the best qualities of your dad.
As you look back in your dad's life, what were your favorite things about your dad?
Why not he wise?
Once he stopped drinking because he was a different person at that point, I would say
he was very loving, really supportive.
He liked, he just liked to be available.
You know, I could go in and I could ball about something
and he would just hold me and let me cry
and not try and convince me not to.
But he was also just very, very intelligent.
And so when you needed the guy thinking
and the problem solving end of that,
he was available for that too.
So, and he was into sport and so he was really fun.
Like he just, he had a lot of energy
and he liked to do crazy stuff at this period of the moment.
So it was fun.
- Did he have a sense of humor?
- Oh my gosh, he was so funny.
- He was?
- Oh, he was so funny.
- Like what sort of sense of humor though?
Like what sort of funny was he?
- Well, it kinda just depended where he was,
but I say probably it was more sarcasm,
but it wasn't quite as cutting as it was
before he stopped drinking.
Tell them about the tract he used to keep when people would come to the door to evangelize him.
I don't think I can say those words on the thing, but he had made his own tract that said,
"Jesus loves you on the front and you'd open it up."
And it said, "But everybody else thinks you're an unpleasant word."
And then he would just hand it to them and say, "Have a nice day."
And he'd...
For some reason, I find that incredibly funny.
Yeah.
He also made a little sheet that had a circle
and the letters T-U-I-T in it.
And whatever somebody would say,
"Oh, I'm gonna do that as soon as I get around to it."
Like around to it.
He would literally go and stick it like in front of them
and go, "There, you've got one now.

(laughs)
- Maybe I made this up in my head,
but did he also keep things in the car
that he could leave when people
swing shields when they'd part badly?
- That was me.
- Oh, that was you.
Thank you, Barbara.
I had, I had a father, a daughter, a family.
I had cards about blind drivers of America and stuff like that that I would lead, you
know, you've been nominated.
This is before you met Jesus.
I'd like to say yes, but I believe I continue to do.
Before you had any real messages for people.
Yes.
If they don't be crazy.
I was thinking about a sense of humor and I realized I developed my sense of humor by
watching what my dad found funny. That was just my revelation tonight when I was thinking,
you know, I was asking those questions. Because what he found funny, I so delighted in watching
my dad enjoy himself or laugh or, you know, my dad's such an intelligent man. He's very, very
intelligent. He's a PhD.  So very,
very, very clever. And when we would see a movie or a TV show or a story that would genuinely
evoke laughter, that was a magical thing for me as a kid to watch my dad be funny. And
I think I probably paid close attention to what is it that makes my, what is it that
evokes that reaction to my dad? And I'd say that we probably have very similar senses
of humor, which is incredible. I was thinking about my dad, you know, the, I mentioned he
super smart. He would probably be what we'd call very, very left-brained, in that he was really
empirical, he was a research scientist, and so, you know, highly developed analysis and critical
thinking skills. But at the same time, taught himself to play the guitar and taught himself to
play the piano. So obviously, very musical, obviously, right-brain functioning really, really well.
But aside from that, in terms of you build all the furniture in our living room, you know,
the cabinets and the drawers and how we build a skateboard ramp. And yeah, and then the garden,
you've been to our house, our garden is just incredible in terms of the way it's laid out.
So just thinking about how smart and how creative my dad was.
And the other thing that I loved about my loved, not past ends, the other thing I really love about
my dad, but growing up that was really astounding to me was how well he loved my mom. It's really,
really good at honoring my mom. And I remember all the weddings, I got three sisters. So
watching them get married in my own wedding when he would give us speech.
He'd always take time to honor my mom, which I just thought was amazing.
I probably learned my work ethic from my dad as well.
You know, he loved to work and everything he did, he found joy in, which I think I inherited from him as well.
Talk about you and your relationship with then Father God.
How did you, for those of you who don't know, I'll give you, I'll steal the show for a second.
AJ did not have a good experience with her father growing up.
Then through a series of fairly dramatic circumstances,
ended up having a great relationship with her dad,
which then turned out not so good.
And so I'm wondering, AJ, how you ended up with such a rich relationship with the father,
for which you're known around the world for.
How does a girl who's got some really big daddy issues
end up with an astonishing relationship with father God?
Um, a lot of inner healing would be the really short answer, but I guess really the thing
is I ended up being brought to a father heart church where that was really the message that
was coming out of the church in Toronto.
What do you mean the father heart church?

The message, that message of Father's heart towards his kids from the perspective of God
was like the overarching message that came out of the church in Toronto that I got, you
know, that I was part of for 20 years.
So I was brought to that church when I was in a very destructive state.
I was still very suicidal and it was maybe three months after my dad had killed himself
on Father's Day.
And so, you know, I was, I was a mess.
And I came to this place that talked about a father who would love me, could love me back
to life, wanted to heal me.
And I was just desperate enough to say, "Okay, God, if that's who you really are, then I
want to know you."
But that process of knowing was probably a good 10-year process.
I mean of God pulling little wounds out and pulling big wounds out and replacing ungodly
beliefs about what he's like with the truth of who he is.
many levels, it was very, very painful, but on many levels, it was absolutely amazing to
partner with God in releasing pain to him and trusting him and then letting him bring healing.
So yeah. I would say our relationship with the Father is the greatest thing about our life.
Oh, yeah, for sure.
The relationship that I developed with the Father and that you have with the Father,
I was saved for years and years and years before I ever met the Father.
I just think the revelation of the Father's love is the good news, which Jesus came to proclaim.
Yeah. I mean, Jesus came to reintroduce us to the Father to show us the way home.
Yeah, I love that line was a Jack Frost. I would say that Jesus is the way, the truth,
and the life for Jesus to be the way there must be a destination. Yeah.
He pointed the way home, which I think is amazing. One of the things we're known for,
if we're known for anything, is probably the Father's love and our experiences with the Father.
and you probably know this already, but AJ wrote a book called Finding Father. Talk to
me about how you wrote that book. I'm trying to write a book and it's, it seems overwhelming.
So talk to me about how you got that written because you wrote the whole thing in 12 weeks.
I did, yeah. Just astonishing. Well, I mean, I had taken previously, I had written or started
writing it twice. So the first time I got in like six or seven chapters in and then deleted the
whole thing. And then the second time I was like three or four chapters and
then deleted the whole thing. Apparently you're not supposed to do that. I know, I know.
Somebody told me that afterwards. Okay. But I was trying to figure out how do I write
this in a way that it's going to be honoring and not shatter my family, but truthful and
get the message out kind of thing. Right. Because you had a fairly horrendous
background. Right. So I just started praying. I was like, Lord, I need a better way to do
this and I ended up having a dream and in the dream I saw the title page of the book.
I saw the words finding father.
I saw the title page of the book and I saw it laid out as a 12 week book and I saw which
verses like beside each.
Now that's just cheating.
I know it was really cheating and I remembered it when like when I woke up but I mean I have
a photographic memory anyway but I mean I woke up and I could just write out and so that's
what I did and there was only two days I couldn't remember what verse was there so when I went
to go write those. I was like, okay, Lord, I can't remember what the plan was for this
day. Right. Yeah. So that's how I wrote it. Okay. So I had a plan. It was easy to do.
I need you to lay hands when we give me that impartation. Yeah, you know, I need a plan
for book two because I'm stuck at chapter three. So if we in our talking about dads,
evoke some nervousness, some anxiousness, some outcheese in your heart, I'd really recommend
ages book. It's available in paperback, you can get it from our website at Allen and AJ
dot com, or you can get it in Kindle version, or you can get it for your iPhone or your
iPad. But it's an amazing 12 week study into the very heart of the father. It helps you
understand some of the wrong thinking that you will have placed on God from your upbringing.
And you probably haven't even realized you've done that. But I would really encourage you
that everything in my life changed when I discovered that God was for me and not against me.
And I knew that there was a verse in the scripture that said that,
"Loving a real life, tangible experience with a father and his love and his affection,
absolutely redefined everything in my life." Everything I approach and I was from the position
of knowing that God is my dad and he's for me and I'm his favorite son. And it's just astonishing.
I mean, the design of the book is to move head knowledge to heart knowledge, you know,
so that it's not just something that, well, you know, I've been saved for X amount of
years and I know this to be true, but when it's moved to your heart, you live like it's
true.

That's right.
And it changes everything.
If you're not a reader and you prefer it to be someone who listens or you learn better,
you receive better through listening.
We've also got the majority of that book in teaching on a CD.
You have a CD set called Finding Father as well.
You can either order the CDs or you can just download the MP3s off our website too.
I want to pray for you guys, everybody who's listening, especially if you don't know your
dad or you had bad experiences with dads, I'm just going to pray and ask that you're
having to follow with introduce himself as the perfect father.
And then we're going to wish you a great week.
Father, I thank you for everybody who's listening right now.
I want to thank you that you love them so much, that you dive for them to restore
them to a relationship with you and Lord, you're the kindest person
wherever you're going to meet.
You're so astonishing in your love and in your gentleness and in your kindness.
And I'm asking that right now that your love would go deep into the hearts of everybody
who's listening to this, that you would lift off all the wounding, Lord, that perhaps
We've accumulated through life from fathers or father figures,
not from the ways our earthly fathers may have let us down or disappointed us,
that you would come and reveal your fathering love to us in new ways.
Jesus, I thank you that you came to reveal the father,
that you came to show the way to the father.
You came as an ambassador of your father's kingdom, just to say,
he wants you as part of the family.
And if you don't know Jesus, if you don't know this love,
then he would love to bring you into his family. It's very simple. You just realize you're in need of
saving that there's sin in your life. There's things that you've done wrong. There's things that
you can't get free of. And that's the first step you just admit, "Oh, I actually need help. I am,
I can't do this on my own. I actually need rescuing." The second thing is you realize that God's made
provision for a rescuer and his son Jesus. And you just need to acknowledge that Jesus. I believe
that you came from your father in heaven to rescue me and to save me by dying on a cross.
And then third of all, you just need to ask Jesus to forgive you of the things you've done wrong
and ask him to come into your life and to introduce you to the Father. And then you get to start the
most amazing journey. By the way, you may be a Christian, you may have prayed a prayer like that,
but you stopped at knowing the Father and never got to know, sorry, stopped at getting to know Jesus
and never got to know the Father. Well, you've just got an amazing journey ahead of you.
Yeah. And so, Father, I pray that wherever we are in our journey that you would come and bring
greater revelation of your love and affection. And, you know, lastly, I'm just going to say,
I'm a dad. I have three kids. And then I'm a spiritual dad to many more than that. But I wanted
to stand in place of your earthly Father. If you've been abandoned or rejected or abused by
your earthly father. I'm just going to stand in for a second and just say, I'm so sorry
that that happened to you. And I'm just going to ask that in this moment right now, it may seem
totally random. Would you forgive me? Would you forgive your earthly father for any way that he
let you down? And in doing so, in extending forgiveness to your father, you open the floodgates for
your heavenly father to come in with his love and his affection. So father, would you bless this
week Lord of everybody who's listening and would you lead us into greater
revelations of your love and your affection. Yeah. In Jesus name Amen. Amen.
Well you guys are awesome. We love getting to invite you into our house on a Thursday night as we
get to talk to people all over the world. We hope you have an incredible week filled with fun,
filled with adventure and we will see you next week. Yeah we'll be back next week. Bye.
Bye.
[buzzing]


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About Me
Welcome to my page! My name is Chris Fernandez and I am a full stack developer. I am trained in HTML, CSS, Javascript, Jquery,custom API's, firebase, Node JS, SQL, MySQL, Sequelize. I look forward to working with you on your next project
Welcome to my page! My name is Chris Fernandez and I am a full stack developer. I am trained in HTML, CSS, Javascript, Jquery,custom API's, firebase, Node JS, SQL, MySQL, Sequelize. I look forward to working with you on your next project


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__init__(self,
uri,
index_entry_uri=None,
index_uri=None,
index=None,
http=None,
user_name=None,
password=None)
Creates a representation of a Relationship identified by
URI; optionally accepts further URIs representing both an
Index for Relationship s plus the specific
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Returns a human-readable string representation of this
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get_other_node(self,
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Returns a Node object representing the node within this
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Inherited from IndexableResource :
__delitem__ ,
__eq__ ,
__getitem__ ,
__ne__ ,
__repr__ ,
__setitem__ ,
delete ,
get_id ,
get_properties ,
remove_properties ,
set_properties
Inherited from object :
__delattr__ ,
__format__ ,
__getattribute__ ,
__hash__ ,
__new__ ,
__reduce__ ,
__reduce_ex__ ,
__setattr__ ,
__sizeof__ ,
__subclasshook__
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Trigger all panels to update at once.
When each one is finished, remove the loading animation.
Trigger panels to update one at a time.
The next one will wait for the first to finish before it starts. Useful for when a component needs to update based on the return value of a previously completed process.
Trigger all panels to update at once.
Do not care when each is finished for data, but only want to remove loading animation once all are complete.
Panel content
Panel content
Panel content
The button below will trigger the logic for using promises with actual network requests.
The data for each dropdown will be collected from a network request, parsed, and mapped before moving on.
Loading animation removed when chain is complete.
This is useful for performing an action based on the results returned from a previous network request, like in EXAMPLE 2.


recreating forgotten programming languages,
for art!
by
Sher Minn Chong
/
@piratefsh
/ Strangeloop 2019
End
Keep in touch!
@piratefsh | sherminn@piratefsh.net


sgfcharm
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onion.w4v3xrmknycexlsd.lib.sgfcharm.parse
/
SgfType
/
Compose
/
second
second
val
second
:
T
(source)
the second component
Property
second
- the second component


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Mastering CHIP-8 by Matthew Mikolay is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. The following article is a document I've been working on for quite some time. Unfortunately, finishing it always seems to get pushed to the back-burner when other commitments arise. I'm hoping that by posting it here and adding to it over time, I'll be able to finally complete it. If you have any suggestions or comments, feel free to email me! monospaced font. Assume all monospaced numbers are hexadecimal unless otherwise stated.IntroductionCHIP-8 is an interpreted minimalist programming language that was designed by Joseph Weisbecker in the 1970s for use on the RCA COSMAC VIP computer. Due to its hexadecimal format, it was best suited to machines with a scarcity of memory, as minimal text processing had to be performed by the interpreter before a program could be executed. This property inevitably led to its implementation on a variety of hobbyist computers aside from the VIP, such as the COSMAC ELF, Telmac 1800, and ETI 660.The thirty-one instructions comprising the original CHIP-8 instruction set provide utilities for primitive audio and monochrome video output, user input, and data manipulation. CHIP-8 enjoyed relative success during the late 1970s and early 1980s as a popular language for the development of simple video games, and even spawned a multitude of dialects providing additional features. Today, CHIP-8 remains popular in the hobbyist communities surrounding the computers on which it was once implemented. CHIP-8 interpreters, often mislabeled as "emulators," are increasingly common on a wide variety of platforms, allowing any individual to run a CHIP-8 program in the absence of an original hobbyist computer. This abundance of interpreters is due to the similarity in design between a CHIP-8 interpreter and a system emulator; those wishing to gain experience in emulator implementation often take on the task of programming a CHIP-8 interpreter. Despite its simplicity, a variety of enjoyable games and programs have been coded in CHIP-8, proving that a programmer need not be limited by the scope of a language. Though undoubtedly minimal in the features it offers to programmers, CHIP-8 represents a successful attempt at scaling down the complexities of a programming language to the basic level needed to create simple programs and games without difficulty. CHIP-8 InstructionsCHIP-8 programs are strictly hexadecimal based. This means that the format of a CHIP-8 program bears little resemblance to the text-based formats of higher level languages. Each CHIP-8 instruction is two bytes in length and is represented using four hexadecimal digits. For example, one common instruction is the00E0 instruction, which is used to clear the screen of all graphics data.Certain CHIP-8 instructions accept 'arguments' to specify the values which should be read or modified by a given instruction when encountered by the interpreter. An argument is passed to an instruction of this type also as a hexadecimal digit. When an instruction is presented in this document containing non-hexadecimal characters, these locations should be replaced in a program with valid hexadecimal digits depending upon the input data. For example, valid uses of the CHIP-8 instruction 8XY1 include 8001 , 81A1 , 8F21 , etc.Storage in MemoryCHIP-8 instructions are stored directly in system memory. On many of the hobbyist computers of old, all CHIP-8 code would be entered directly into the system using toggle switches or a memory editing utility. Modern platforms allow files containing the binary data corresponding to the hexadecimal instructions of a CHIP-8 program to be loaded into an interpreter. These modern interpreters are simply automating the entry of CHIP-8 data into the machine. In either case, each CHIP-8 instruction in memory is said to be assigned to a unique memory address.A small set of CHIP-8 instructions, including those used to generate graphics, require these memory addresses to be specified as arguments. For this reason, it is important to always be aware of the memory location of each instruction when developing a CHIP-8 program. Consider the 1NNN , instruction, which is used to jump to a certain address. A valid use of this instruction would be 134A , which would reference the memory address 34A .As standardized by the COSMAC VIP, the programmer should assume that his or her CHIP-8 program is to be loaded into the machine starting at address 200 , even when using a modern interpreter. A few select hobbyist computers require that CHIP-8 programs be loaded starting at a different address, such as the ETI-660, but this should not be considered the norm.It should be noted that CHIP-8 programs are normally stored in memory in big-endian fashion, with the most significant byte of a two-byte instruction being stored first. The CHIP-8 interpreter will execute a CHIP-8 program starting at the initial address by stepping through the instructions stored in memory one at a time and processing them in a linear manner, unless instructions modifying flow control are encountered. Pseudo-AssemblersBecause certain CHIP-8 instructions require memory addresses to be passed as arguments, the modification of a pre-existing program often proves to be a hassle when these memory address arguments must be adjusted as the result of instruction shifts. Fortunately, CHIP-8 pseudo-assemblers easily resolve this problem.A CHIP-8 pseudo-assembler† takes in a series of labels, mnemonics, and arguments and outputs the corresponding hexadecimal CHIP-8 code. Each hexadecimal CHIP-8 instruction corresponds to a unique pseudo-assembly mnemonic. When using a pseudo-assembler, locations in memory can be assigned labels, allowing the CHIP-8 mnemonics which would normally accept memory addresses as arguments to reference these labels instead. This substitution of labels for hardcoded addresses allows the programmer to disregard the manual management of addresses, as all addresses to which the labels correspond will be recomputed at assembly time. Therefore, instructions can be inserted and removed in a CHIP-8 program without having to modify other sections of code. Coding in CHIP-8 pseudo-assembly is strongly encouraged, as it greatly simplifies the process of managing those instructions referencing memory addresses. However, pseudo-assembly was not a part of the original CHIP-8 implementation on the COSMAC VIP, and for this reason, all CHIP-8 code in this document will be presented in standard hexadecimal format. †An assembler accepts a series of mnemonics and outputs the corresponding machine code. Likewise, a pseudo-assembler accepts a series of mnemonics and outputs a program in a language other than machine code. For this reason, the conversion program is identified as a pseudo-assembler. A Note on Undocumented InstructionsMany documents published shortly after the creation of CHIP-8 fail to describe a select few valid CHIP-8 instructions: the8XY3 , 8XY6 , 8XY7 , and 8XYE instructions all went undocumented. This is due to the method with which the CHIP-8 interpreter was implemented on the COSMAC VIP.The VIP interpreter was designed to accept a generic 8XYN instruction, where N is any valid hexadecimal digit, and execute machine language code dependent upon this value N . The functionality of instructions 8XY1 , 8XY2 , 8XY4 , and 8XY5 was documented, but the four aforementioned instructions remained neglected. However, VIP programmers soon learned of these undocumented instructions and used them accordingly. For this reason, they are considered a part of the original CHIP-8 instruction set and are described in the following document.All About Data RegistersThe data register is the primary utility for data manipulation provided by the CHIP-8 language. In order to perform any sort of arithmetic operation, a register must be used. This concept parallels that of registers in a central processing unit or microprocessor. In fact, on the COSMAC VIP, the CHIP-8 registers were linked directly to the registers of the 1802 microprocessor.CHIP-8 allows for the usage of sixteen eight-bit general purpose registers capable of storing unsigned integers between decimal 0 and 255, or hexadecimal 00 to FF . These registers are referred to as V0 to VF, one for each hexadecimal digit. Any register can be used for data manipulation, but it should be noted that the VF register is often modified by certain instructions to act as a flag.The most primitive operation involving a data register is to set the value of any given register. Two instructions exist to perform this function: one to set a register to a specific eight bit value, and another to set a register's value to that of another given register:
Next, an eight bit value can be added to any given register using the following command:
Be aware that once the supplied number is added, if the value of the register exceeds decimal 255 (the highest possible value that can be stored by an eight bit register), the register will wraparound to a corresponding value that can be stored by an eight bit register. In other words, the register will always be reduced modulo decimal 256. Likewise, two registers can be added together. To add one register to another, the following instruction can be used:
Similar to the 7XNN instruction, the 8XY4 instruction will cause values too large to be stored in a register to be wrapped around to a modulo equivelent. However, unlike the 7XNN instruction, the 8XY4 instruction will modify the VF register to signal when a carry has taken place.  When a carry takes place, the interpreter will set register VF to 01 . Otherwise, VF will be set to 00 . Therefore, the 8XY4 instruction will always modify the VF register.Just as values can be added to a register, CHIP-8 provides instructions to subtract one register from another:
Observe that the only difference between these two subtraction instructions is which register is subtracted from which: which register is the minuend, and which is the subtrahend. Similar to the 8XY4 instruction's usage of the VF register as a carry flag, these two subtraction instructions use the VF register to signal when a borrow occurs. Because data registers can only store unsigned values, a borrow will occur when the interpreter is instructed to subtract a value from a given register which would normally force the register to store a negative number. In other words, a borrow occurs whenever the subtrahend is greater than the minuend. The VF register is set to 00 if a borrow occurs, and 01 otherwise. Therefore, the subtraction instructions will always modify the VF register.Aside from arithmetic operations, CHIP-8 allows for the manipulation of registers on the level of individual bits using bitwise operations. The following instructions can be used to AND, OR, and XOR two registers together.
The bits of a data register can also be shifted to the left or to the right using the following instructions:
Take note that the register shift instructions modify the VF register to store a value of 00 or 01 depending upon the bit that was shifted out of place. If a register is shifted left, the most significant bit of the register prior to the shift will be placed into VF. If a register is shifted right, the least significant bit of the register prior to the shift will be placed into VF.Notice that these instructions shift register VY and store the result in register VX. It is a common misconception when programming in CHIP-8 to assume that the VX register is shifted by this instruction, and VY remains unmodified. To have a register perform a shift upon itself, a register VX can be passed as both arguments: 8XX6 or 8XXE . For example, to shift register V6 right by one bit, the instruction 8666 can be used.Often it is useful for a program or game to generate a random number for some sort of mathematical application. For this reason, CHIP-8 provides an instruction to set a register to a "random"† value.
Observe that an additional byte is specified as a byte mask to reduce the size of the size of the set of random numbers capable of being returned by this instruction. When the CHIP-8 interpreter is commanded to generate a random number, it chooses a random value between 00 and FF . It then logical ANDs this value with the byte mask before placing it in the target register.†The word "random" is placed in quotes to emphasize that a computer can never truly generate a random number. Instead, the values return by random number generation routines will always be pseudo-random and dependant upon some external mathematical operation. Flow Control with JumpsOften it is necessary to instruct the interpreter to execute code in a different section of a program, or repeat certain sections of code one or more times. Fortunately, the CHIP-8 language provides utilities to manipulate flow control.The simplest instructions used to modify flow control are "jumps," which commands the interpreter to continue the execution of a program from another memory address. Two jump commands exist in the CHIP-8 language: one to simply jump to a given address, and another to jump to an address with an offset specified by the value stored in register V0.
When using the jump instructions, it is necessary to make sure that the address to which a jump is made actually contains a valid CHIP-8 instruction. If an attempt is made to jump to an address outside of the memory containing the CHIP-8 program (for example, to the memory containing the CHIP-8 interpreter), the interpreter will most likely crash along with the program. Care should also be taken to avoid unintentional infinite loops. SubroutinesCHIP-8 also allows for the declaration of subroutines, which can then be called from other parts of the executing program. Subroutines are particularly useful when identical or similar code must be executed multiple times in a program. It should be noted that on the COSMAC VIP, enough stack space for twelve successive subroutine calls was allocated, but on many modern implementations, more memory is allocated for this purpose.CHIP-8 subroutines do not require a specific instruction to signal their start. Instead, the memory address of the first instruction in the subroutine is sent to the call instruction.
CHIP-8 program execution will then continue from this address until a termination instruction is found. This termination statement informs the interpreter that the end of the currently executing subroutine has been reached, and program execution should proceed at the point from which the last subroutine call occurred.
As previously stated, CHIP-8 was originally implemented on the RCA COSMAC VIP, and it was deemed desirable to include an option to call machine language subroutines from a CHIP-8 program. The following instruction informs the CHIP-8 interpreter to execute a machine language program at a given address, but it should be noted that this instruction is highly considered deprecated, as it often remains unimplemented on modern interpreters. It is included here to provide for a complete CHIP-8 instruction set.
On the COSMAC VIP, in order to transfer control back to the CHIP-8 program from the machine language subroutine, it was necessary for the machine language subroutine to end with the byte D4 . This would signal the completion of the machine language subroutine.Conditional Branching using SkipsOne of the most powerful aspects of the modern programming language is the ability to execute different sections of code depending upon if a certain condition is met. This is known as conditional branching, and is accomplished in CHIP-8 by combining two types of instructions: skips and jumps.Before a conditional branch can be coded, a good understanding of instruction skips is needed. CHIP-8 provides a set of instructions that force the interpreter to check a given condition when executed. If this condition is true, then the instruction following immediately after the skip instruction will not be executed. Instead, the interpreter will resume execution beginning with the instruction immediately after the one which has just been ignored. Thus, a single instruction has been skipped. The majority of skip commands operate based on the values of given registers, but a select few are driven by user input. These input-based skips will be described in forthcoming sections. The following table lists all register-based skip commands.
In a sense, these skip commands provide a very primitive form of conditional branching: they determine whether a single instruction is executed or not depending upon the value of one or more data registers. Unfortunately, the primary complication with this model is that only a single instruction can be skipped. When the programmer wishes to skip sections of code composed of more than one CHIP-8 instruction, the skip instruction should be followed by one or more jump instructions. These jump instructions will instruct the interpreter where to jump to depending upon what condition is true. TimersOften the programmer might require the ability to determine when exactly certain events in a program take place. In this case, some sort of timer would prove useful, as the programmer should be able to read the value of the timer and execute code depending upon this value. Luckily, the CHIP-8 language supplies a single delay timer which can be used for such a purpose.The delay timer acts similarly to a data register: the programmer can load an eight bit value into the delay timer, and read a value back later. The primary difference is that the delay timer perpetually counts down at a rate of sixty hertz until it reaches zero. Only two instructions exist in the CHIP-8 language to manipulate the delay timer. The first is used to set the delay timer to a given eight bit value. When this value is non-zero, the delay timer will begin counting down until it reaches zero. The second is used to read the current value of the delay timer into a given register. This register can then be used to conditionally branch in the manner introduced in the previous section, allowing certain actions to occur based on the delay timer's value.
CHIP-8 contains another timer, called the sound timer, which is used for sound output. Similar to the delay timer, the sound timer also counts down at a rate of sixty hertz. Contrastingly, when the sound timer is non-zero, a sound frequency will be generated by the speaker (or emulated by a modern interpreter).
It should be noted that in the COSMAC VIP manual, it was made clear that the minimum value that the timer will respond to is 02 . Thus, setting the timer to a value of 01 would have no audible effect.Keypad InputThe CHIP-8 programming language is able to detect input from a sixteen key keypad, with each key corresponding to a single unique hexadecimal digit. Computers like the COSMAC VIP and the ETI-660 actually provided the user with a hex keypad for input, but modern machines often lack such devices. For this reason, CHIP-8 "emulators" often map the key presses of a standard keyboard in order to simulate the key presses of a hex keypad.CHIP-8 includes three instructions to detect input from the keypad. The simplest instruction halts all program execution until a key on the keypad is pressed, at which point a value corresponding to the key is stored in a given register.
The final two instructions do not halt the interpreter and wait for a keypress. Instead, they skip the succeeding instruction depending upon the state of the key corresponding to a value in a given register.
As previously mentioned, these input-based skips can be combined with jumps to achieve a form of input-based conditional branching. GraphicsCHIP-8 allows for the generation of monochrome graphics on a black and white† sixty-four by thirty-two pixel screen. By default, the screen is set to all black pixels. The only method of drawing to the screen is using sprites. CHIP-8 sprites are always eight pixels wide and between one to fifteen pixels high.Sprite data is stored in memory, just like CHIP-8 instructions themselves. One byte corresponds to one row of a given sprite. How many rows (bytes) encompass a sprite is specified through the CHIP-8 instructions used to draw the sprites on the screen, and will be covered later. For sprite data, a bit set to one corresponds to a white pixel. Contrastingly, a bit set to zero corresponds to a transparent pixel. As sprite data is stored in memory just like the actual CHIP-8 program instructions, care should be taken to prevent the interpreter from attempting to execute the sprite data as instructions. For this reason, it is advised to place all sprite data in a section of memory that sits independently of the main program memory. For example, the sprite data could be placed toward the beginning of the program, and preceded by a jump instruction, forcing the interpreter to skip over this data. In another case, sprite data could be placed at the end of the program, and the program could be coded in a way such that the sprite data would never be reached by the interpreter. †The color of the screen is platform-dependent, but on the VIP, the screen was black and white. The I RegisterIn order to specify the memory addresses containing the data for a given sprite, there must be some way to store an address for later use. The sixteen data registers (V0 - VF) provided by CHIP-8 are only eight bits in length, and therefore could only store addresses00 to FF . Therefore, CHIP-8 provides a special register that is used only to store memory addresses. This register, called the I register, proves useful when performing operations involving reading and writing to and from memory, most importantly, drawing graphics.The two basic CHIP-8 commands involving the I register allow the I register to be set to a given value, or add a value to the I register.
It should be noted that the I register acts very differently from the sixteen data registers of the CHIP-8 language. The data registers are used to manipulate and store data for use in a program, while the I register is used to store a single memory address which cannot be modified using any type of arithmetic instruction. No instructions exist to modify the I register after it is set to a given value. Drawing Sprites to the ScreenA single instruction is needed to draw a sprite to the screen.
The two registers passed to this instruction determine the x and y location of the sprite on the screen. If the sprite is to be visible on the screen, the VX register must contain a value between 00 and 3F , and the VY register must contain a value between 00 and 1F .When this instruction is processed by the interpreter, N bytes of data are read from memory starting from the address stored in register I. These bytes then represent the sprite data that will be used to draw the sprite on the screen. Therefore, the value of the I register determines which sprite is drawn, and should always point to the memory address where the sprite data for the desired graphic is stored. The corresponding graphic on the screen will be eight pixels wide and N pixels high.CHIP-8 also includes an instruction that can be used to clear the screen of all sprite data.
XOR ModeAll sprites are drawn to the screen using an exclusive-or (XOR) mode; when a request to draw a sprite is processed, the given sprite's data is XOR'd with the current graphics data of the screen. This mode of operation allows for the absence of an instruction to erase a sprite at a given position. Instead, when the programmer wishes to erase a sprite, they simply have to redraw that same sprite on the screen at the same location as before.The DXYN instruction modifies the VF data register to reflect any state toggles due to XOR mode behavior. If a pixel on the screen is set to 01 , and the sprite to be drawn contains a 01 for this same pixel, the screen pixel is turned off and VF is set to 01 . If the sprite is simply drawn on the screen without drawing over any pixels set to 01 , VF is set to 00 .Drawing FontsBecause many programs often need to output a number to the screen, CHIP-8 contains built-in font utilities to allow for simple output of characters using theDXYN instruction. All hexadecimal digits (0 - 9 , A - F ) have corresponding sprite data already stored in the memory of the interpreter. The following table displays these sprites and their corresponding sprite data.
To set I to the memory address of the sprite data corresponding to one of these characters, a data register containing a single hexadecimal digit must be passed to the following instruction.
Binary-Coded DecimalIn order to make good use of a utility such as the built in font sprite data of the CHIP-8 interpreter, it is often desirable to store the decimal equivalent of a binary or hexadecimal number in memory as individual decimal digits. This is called the binary-coded decimal (BCD), and CHIP-8 contains an instruction to convert any value stored in a data register into its BCD equivalent.
When this instruction is executed by the interpreter, the value stored in register VX is converted to its decimal equivalent. Because each register is only eight bits in length, there will be three decimal digits (including any leading zeros). The most significant decimal digit is then stored in at the address found in I, the next in I + 1, and the least significant digit in I + 2. These values might then be used along with the font utility to output a decimal number to the screen. Register Values and Memory StorageBecause CHIP-8 only allows the use of sixteen data registers, it is often desirable to store the current values of the registers in memory for later usage. Register values can be written into memory using the following instruction.
Just as register values can be stored in memory, the values of memory addresses can be read back into the registers. To accomplish this, the following instruction can be used.
Notice that after both of these operations, the value of the I register will be incremented by X + 1. This is due to the changing of addresses by the interpreter. ConclusionDespite its minimalist design, the CHIP-8 language provides the programmer with thirty-five powerful commands with which complexity can be built. Please check back in the future as more is added to this tutorial!Instruction Reference TableThe following is a reference table containing all thirty-five of the original CHIP-8 instructions. NNN refers to a hexadecimal memory address, NN refers to a hexadecimal byte, N refers to a hexadecimal nibble, and X and Y refer to registers.
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