review_requested
by Kevin Reiss at 2021-12-03 00:21:32.referenced
by None at 2021-12-02 13:11:48.merged
by None at 2021-12-02 13:11:48.closed
by None at 2021-12-02 13:11:48.head_ref_deleted
by None at 2021-12-02 13:11:51.referenced
by None at 2021-12-02 14:18:47.merged
by None at 2021-12-02 14:18:47.closed
by None at 2021-12-02 14:18:47.This is the transformation workflow from the days of the migration (SVN readme):
Create container entities from dsc2 and classic containers: svn://lib-svn.princeton.edu/libsvn/trunk/rbscXSL/ASpace tools/get-containers.xquery svn://lib-svn.princeton.edu/libsvn/trunk/rbscXSL/ASpace tools/classic2dsc2_containers.xq
Transform EADs: svn://lib-svn.princeton.edu/libsvn/trunk/rbscXSL/ASpace tools/ASpacedocontainers.xq svn://lib-svn.princeton.edu/libsvn/trunk/rbscXSL/ASpace tools/ASpacedocleanup.xq
MUST run after EAD transformation: Extract Agents namesA-F and namesG-Z with get-agent-info-and-delete.xq and delete names, bioghists from EAD; Remove empty elements with remove-empty-agent-wrappers.xq
Create CSV from namesA-F, namesG-Z using names2csv.xq
Validate: svn://lib-svn.princeton.edu/libsvn/trunk/rbscXSL/ASpace tools/validate.xquery (5 min), svn://lib-svn.princeton.edu/libsvn/trunk/rbscXSL/ASpace tools/validate-containers.xquery
This is urgent: per Kelly, Dan and Alexis are hoping this can be done this week.
Transformed and imported; Kelly will do some manual cleanup. Closing.
assigned
by None at 2021-12-01 23:24:47.labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 00:23:32.labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 14:20:55.closed
by None at 2021-12-02 16:22:30.labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 17:16:38.labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 17:16:58.review_requested
by None at 2021-12-02 17:22:24.referenced
by None at 2021-12-02 19:36:57.merged
by None at 2021-12-02 19:36:57.closed
by None at 2021-12-02 19:36:57.head_ref_deleted
by None at 2021-12-02 19:36:59.review_requested
by None at 2021-12-02 22:16:26.referenced
by Peter Green at 2021-12-02 22:21:21.merged
by Peter Green at 2021-12-02 22:21:21.closed
by Peter Green at 2021-12-02 22:21:21.Related to https://github.com/pulibrary/princeton_ansible/issues/2138
Installed, closing
assigned
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 16:32:36.closed
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 16:32:39.Installed on production and run manually the first time in coordination with the primary stakeholder, see output captured here - https://docs.google.com/document/d/1hbzNLTwxKvxSUcBbaPM26xszJ78Y1aI_TupQf5txrM4/edit
Crontab scheduled to run each morning at 8am EST; emails will go out to the team and primary stakeholder when this happens.
assigned
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 16:33:45.closed
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 16:33:50.https://princeton.service-now.com/service?id=tickets&table=incident&sys_id=8136b4f7874485d09cd197183cbb35fa&view=sp is now required given that I am encountering the following errors:
https://princeton.service-now.com/service?id=ticket&sys_id=8136b4f7874485d09cd197183cbb35fa&table=incident is not showing any response from the OIT, I am going to need to advance this with one of the DBAs from the OIT.
This is still being blocked by https://princeton.service-now.com/service?id=ticket&sys_id=8136b4f7874485d09cd197183cbb35fa&table=incident, and several e-mail messages were exchanged (with the DBA with whom I have been in contact specified by CC). I can look to try and further escalate the severity of this from within SN@P.
I reached out to Richel on slack.
Info from Richel. In this case there had been a typo on the id at ingest. The file was renamed to the correct ID and successfully ingested as the correct item. So all is well.
labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 14:54:39.labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 14:54:39.closed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:10:09.Related to https://github.com/pulibrary/princeton_ansible/issues/2138
assigned
by None at 2021-12-02 14:34:48.closed
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:17:34.@christinach Thanks! I also found cobination in the text and updated that.
head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2021-12-02 14:23:11.mentioned
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:11:00.subscribed
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:11:00.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:11:48.referenced
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:17:33.merged
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:17:33.closed
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:17:34.head_ref_deleted
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:17:34.closed
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 16:07:46.@christinach fixed the bug with the department ui. It's been deployed to staging if you want to play with it some more...
deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 14:42:21.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 14:42:21.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:13:22.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:16:34.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:16:34.mentioned
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:44:21.subscribed
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 15:44:22.referenced
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 16:07:46.merged
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 16:07:46.closed
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 16:07:46.head_ref_deleted
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 16:07:47.head_ref_force_pushed
by None at 2021-12-02 21:03:42.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 21:05:45.closed
by None at 2021-12-02 19:07:23.closed
by None at 2021-12-02 19:07:23.@kevinreiss @carolyncole , @mzelesky is looking for examples but we have found examples that you can't see the difference in the display between production and staging. The example records that will show a difference in the display are constituent records with more than one 773s ; the 773s should have holdings and not suppressed (holdings). So far the most representative example is the one in the PR https://catalog-staging.princeton.edu/catalog/9923427953506421.
Better to test the display in qa https://catalog-qa.princeton.edu/catalog/9923427953506421 in case you'd like to test the 'Reading room request' button which doesn't work for host records in production as well.
one more example https://catalog.princeton.edu/catalog/9926003593506421 vs https://catalog-qa.princeton.edu/catalog/9926003593506421 thank you @mzelesky !!
@carolyncole thank you. I updated the PR
Coverage increased (+0.001%) to 96.758% when pulling 05aea432eba0cd276ab6d463c5ca1762bb952ccb on 2811-related-holdings into 2b7f62c034b65a15157013e284f4e968dfb654f4 on main.
👍 to merging/deploying.
review_request_removed
by Christina Chortaria at 2021-12-02 14:22:15.mentioned
by Kevin Reiss at 2021-12-02 15:14:52.subscribed
by Kevin Reiss at 2021-12-02 15:14:53.mentioned
by None at 2021-12-02 15:14:53.subscribed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:14:53.mentioned
by None at 2021-12-02 15:14:53.subscribed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:14:53.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:25:02.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:25:02.mentioned
by None at 2021-12-02 15:39:53.subscribed
by None at 2021-12-02 15:39:53.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 17:17:52.mentioned
by None at 2021-12-02 17:18:18.subscribed
by None at 2021-12-02 17:18:18.referenced
by None at 2021-12-02 19:07:23.merged
by None at 2021-12-02 19:07:23.closed
by None at 2021-12-02 19:07:23.head_ref_deleted
by None at 2021-12-02 19:07:24.closed
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-01 22:00:21.referenced
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-01 22:00:21.merged
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-01 22:00:21.closed
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-01 22:00:21.head_ref_deleted
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-01 22:00:22.referenced
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 14:12:11.merged
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 14:12:11.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 14:12:11.head_ref_deleted
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 14:12:12.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 14:13:50.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 14:13:50.referenced
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 14:19:21.merged
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 14:19:22.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 14:19:22.head_ref_deleted
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 14:19:22.referenced
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 14:19:47.merged
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 14:19:47.closed
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 14:19:47.head_ref_deleted
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 14:19:48.assigned
by Hector Correa at 2021-12-01 22:32:51.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 20:29:21.mentioned
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 19:32:40.subscribed
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 19:32:41.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 20:12:23.referenced
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 20:29:21.merged
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 20:29:21.closed
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 20:29:21.head_ref_deleted
by James R. Griffin III at 2021-12-02 20:29:22.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 21:21:26.deployed
by None at 2021-12-02 21:21:48.referenced
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 21:24:55.merged
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 21:24:55.closed
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 21:24:55.head_ref_deleted
by Kate Lynch at 2021-12-02 21:24:56.head_ref_force_pushed
by Francis Kayiwa at 2021-12-02 19:35:07.assigned
by Francis Kayiwa at 2021-12-02 20:34:52.Big10 changed their solr schema. We should stop this rake task until we update our schema in the future or figure out a crosswalk.
renamed
by None at 2021-12-02 14:06:03.labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 14:07:38.labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 14:07:38.labeled
by None at 2021-12-02 14:07:38.renamed
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 17:00:22.closed
by Trey Pendragon at 2021-12-02 00:35:10.labeled
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 00:02:26.referenced
by Trey Pendragon at 2021-12-02 00:35:10.merged
by Trey Pendragon at 2021-12-02 00:35:10.closed
by Trey Pendragon at 2021-12-02 00:35:10.head_ref_deleted
by Trey Pendragon at 2021-12-02 00:35:11.assigned
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 19:20:19.head_ref_force_pushed
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 19:12:33.labeled
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 19:19:45.head_ref_force_pushed
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 21:33:06.referenced
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 22:39:51.merged
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 22:39:51.closed
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 22:39:51.head_ref_deleted
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 22:39:51.closed
by Eliot Jordan at 2021-12-02 22:39:51.


Aya Alasmar
Recently graduated from Zarqa University with an excellent degree in Computer Science. I have a good knowledge in front-end and back-End and other programming languages such as Python , Oracle , php and C#. Interested in front end,image processing, and machine learning.
Suhaib Emad
Recently graduated from AlBalqa Applied University as a mechanical engineer. I have a good knowledge in front-end and back-end ,but I prefer the front-end more, looking forward to become a full stack developer.
Baraah Bsharat
Graduated as occupational therapist in 2018, recently graduated from a master degree in clinical rehabilitation science,24 years old, interested in the assistive technology for people with disabilities,I am in my way to learn programming to construct my phd project.
Salem Nihad
Recently graduated from Al-Hussein Bin Talal University in compuetr information systems. I have a good knowledge in front-end and back-end ,but I prefer the Back-end more, I have a good knowledge of many things such as mobile applications, creating Unity engine games and dealing with databases. I am looking forward to become a full stack developer
Malek Esmail
Graduated from Yarmouk University in Civil Engineering. I have a good knowledge of Python programming. Interested in learning about everything new in the field of technology and artificial intelligence.


Ruth Feldman
ARTIST STATEMENT
The work created for this exhibition is about inner places and the journey the soul makes from the physical world to the realm of the spirit while finding a balance in the paradoxes life presents. These images combine traditional printmaking methods that have been used for centuries such as woodcuts, etching, and monotypes, along with 21st century digital photography.
I layer woodcuts, etchings, and monotypes with digital photography images. I use photographs of places that are mystical to me. I also use dresses in my work, the dress representing the soul. This concept is taken from the Zohar (a collection of Judaic mystical writings). The Zohar states that you cannot see the soul but you can see the garments of the soul. Most of the images have many layers travelling from a dense physical reality to the open realm of spirituality.
This work is the soul’s journey through place.
Ruth Feldman


Things fall. Pencils, buildings, people, everything falls. The Earth is falling towards the Sun. Luckily, it is falling in a way that doesn't hit the Sun.
Early Theories of Gravity
The history of gravity tells the story of humanity realizing we aren't the center of the universe.
The Greek philosopher Aristotle (384–322 BCE) believed that the
natural place for the element of earth and water was down. The natural place for the elements of air and fire was up. He also believed that heavier objects fell faster than light objects.
Like many early philosophers, Aristotle organized the sky into a geocentric model. Moving planetary spheres surrounded a stationary and spherical Earth.
The geocentric models showed flaws. Planets would inexplicably change in speed and direction. To correct these flaws several small circles called epicycles were added to the path of the planets. As telescopes and data collection methods improved, the number of epicycles grew to correct for flaws in the geocentric model.
In 1543, Polish astronomer, Nicolaus Copernicus published a book on
the heliocentric theory, the idea that the planets revolved around the Sun, not the Earth. His heliocentric theory marks the beginning of the scientific revolution.
In 1609, German astronomer, Johannes Kepler published 3 laws
of planetary motion based on the heliocentric theory. In his model
orbits moved in an ellipse, not a circle.
Italian natural philosopher, Galileo Galilei, discovered that falling objects all accelerate at the same rate as long as air resistance isn't a significant factor.
Galileo also championed the Copernican heliocentric model. The idea of the Earth going around the Sun was blasphemous in the eyes of the Catholic church. They found him guilty of heresy. The Church forced him to recant his findings, they banned his work, and they sentenced him to house arrest from 1633 until his death in 1642.
Question: What advantages did the heliocentric model have over the geocentric model?
solution
The heliocentric model was able to predict the locations of planets more accurately than the geocentric model. The heliocentric model also didn't have any epicycles to calculate.
Universal Gravitation
In 1687 Isaac Newton published his book, Mathematical
Principles of Natural Philosophy. The book contained his laws of motion and his law of universal gravitation. His reasoning was based on geometric proofs and new mathematical techniques which are now called calculus.
Universal gravitation states that every particle in the universe is attracted to every other particle. Amazingly,
universal gravitation connects the earth and sky with one equation. The same force that makes apples fall also makes stars, planets, and moons orbit each other!
$$ F = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r^{2}} $$
\(F\) = force of gravity [N, Newtons, kg m/s²]
vector \(G\) = 6.67408 × 10-11 = universal gravitation constant [N m²/kg²]
\(M\) = mass [kg, kilograms]
\(r\) = distance between the center of each mass [m, meters]
In 1916 universal gravitation was improved on by Einstein's general relativity, but universal gravitation is still used for low mass and low speed situations, like the Earth and its satellites.
Question: Each mass feels an equal but opposite force as predicted by Newton's 3rd law. This means that the same force of gravity you feel towards the Earth the Earth feels towards you. So why don't we notice the Earth accelerate towards you?
solution
The Earth and you both have the same force, but not the same acceleration.
$$F=ma$$ $$a = \frac{F}{m}$$
Acceleration equals force divided by mass. The Earth has a large mass, so the acceleration from you pulling on the Earth is small.
Question: Notice how small G is (6.674 x 10-11). Out of the four fundamental forces, gravity is by far the weakest. If gravity is so weak why do we notice its effects so easily?
solution
The force of gravity is very weak. The force of gravity scales with distance and mass. The Earth is very close and very massive. If gravity were stronger we might notice the pull from human sized objects.
Planet
mass (kg)
radius (km)
Sun
2.00 × 1030
695 700
Mercury
3.301 × 1023
2440
Venus
4.867 × 1024
6052
Earth
5.972 × 1024
6371
Moon
7.346 × 1022
1737
Mars
6.417 × 1023
3390
Jupiter
1.899 × 1027
70 000
Saturn
5.685 × 1026
58 232
Uranus
8.68 × 1025
25 362
Neptune
1.024 × 1026
24 622
Example: Find the force of gravity between the Earth and the Moon. The distance between them is 384 403 km.
solution
$$ F = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r^{2}} $$ $$ F = \frac{(6.674 \times 10^{-11})(5.972 \times 10^{24})
(7.346 \times 10^{22})}{(3.844
\times 10^{8})^{2}}$$ $$ F = \frac{(6.674 \times 10^{-11})(5.972 \times 10^{24}) (7.346 \times
10^{22})}{14.78
\times 10^{16}}$$ $$ F = \frac{6.674 \times 5.972 \times 7.346}{14.78} \times
\frac{10^{-11}10^{24}10^{22}}{10^{16}}$$
$$ F = 19.798 \times 10^{19} \, \mathrm{N}$$
Example: Find the force of gravity between the Earth and the Sun. The distance between them is 149.6 billion m.
solution
$$ F = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r^{2}} $$ $$ F = \frac{(6.674 \times 10^{-11})(5.972 \times 10^{24})
(2.00 \times 10^{30})}{(149.6
\times 10^{9})^{2}}$$ $$ F = \frac{(6.674 \times 10^{-11})(5.972 \times 10^{24}) (2.00 \times
10^{30})}{22380
\times 10^{18}}$$ $$ F = 3.561 \times 10^{22} \, \mathrm{N}$$
Example: Find the force of gravity between the Earth and a 100 kg person that is 10 000 000 m from the center of the Earth.
solution
$$ F = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r^{2}} $$ $$ F = \frac{(6.674 \times 10^{-11})(5.972 \times
10^{24})(100)}{ 10\,000\,000^{2}}$$
$$ F = \frac{(6.674 \times 10^{-11})(5.972 \times 10^{24})(100)}{ 10^{14}}$$ $$ F = 398.57 \,
\mathrm{N}$$
Example: How massive must an object be in order to feel a force of 100 N at a distance of 10 000 000 m from the center of the Earth?
solution
$$ F = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r^{2}} $$ $$ M_{1} = \frac{Fr^{2}}{GM_{2}}$$ $$ M_{1} =
\frac{(100)(10\,000\,000)^{2}}{(6.674 \times
10^{-11})(5.972 \times 10^{24})}$$ $$ M_{1} = \frac{(100)(10^{14})}{(6.674 \times 10^{-11})(5.972
\times
10^{24})}$$ $$ M_{1} = 25.01 \, \mathrm{kg}$$
Example: When it is closest to the Sun on its 75 year orbit, Halley's Comet feels a force of gravity
from the Sun of 3.65 × 1012 N. Calculate its distance from the Sun using the comet's mass of 2.2 × 1014 kg.
solution
$$ F = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r^{2}} $$ $$ r^{2} = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{F} $$ $$ r^{2} = \frac{(6.674
\times 10^{-11})(2.00 \times
10^{30})(2.2 \times 10^{14})}{3.65 \times 10^{12}} $$ $$ \sqrt{r^{2}} = \sqrt{8.04 \times 10^{21}} $$ $$ r = 8.97 \times 10^{10}\,\mathrm{m} $$
Gravitational Acceleration
It is useful to adapt the universal gravitation equation to predict acceleration. To find acceleration we just need to divide an object's gravitational force by its mass.
derivation of universal gravitational acceleration
$$ F = mg $$ $$ \frac{F}{m} = g $$
Newton's second law tells us we can replace F/M with acceleration.
$$ F = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r^{2}} $$ $$ \frac{F}{M_{2}} = \frac{GM_{1}}{r^{2}} $$ $$ g =
\frac{GM_{1}}{r^{2}} $$
$$ g = \frac{GM}{r^{2}} $$
\(g\) = acceleration of gravity [m/s²]
vector \(G\) = \(\small 6.674 \times 10^{-11}\) = universal gravitation constant [m³/kg/s²]
\(M\) = mass of the body pulling [kg, kilograms]
(not the body experiencing the acceleration)
\(r\) = distance between the center of each mass [m, meters]
The acceleration vector is pointed towards the center of the mass producing the acceleration.
The mass of the body being accelerated isn't used in this equation. Use the mass of the body producing the acceleration. To find the acceleration of objects on Earth use Earth's mass.
The simulation below shows a vector field. Each vector shows the gravitational acceleration potentially felt at that location. These diagrams are helpful for predicting how a particle will accelerate.
masses =
Example: Find the acceleration of gravity for an object on the surface of Earth.
Is it really 9.8 m/s²?
solution
$$ r = 6\,371\,000 \, \mathrm{m} $$
$$ g = \frac{GM}{r^{2}}$$
$$ g = \frac{(6.674\times 10^{-11})(5.972\times 10^{24})}{(6.371\times10^{6})^{2}}$$
$$ g = \frac{(6.674\times 10^{-11})(5.972\times 10^{24})}{40.590\times10^{12}} $$
$$ g =\frac{(6.674)(5.972)}{40.590}\times 10^{-11+24-12}$$
$$ g=0.981\,95 \times 10^{1}$$ $$ g=9.8195 \, \mathrm{\frac{m}{s^{2}}}$$
Example: Find how far away from the Earth you need to be to only accelerate at half of 9.8 m/s².
solution
$$ g = \frac{GM}{r^{2}} $$ $$ r^{2} = \frac{GM}{g} $$ $$ r^{2} = \frac{(6.674\times
10^{-11})(5.972\times 10^{24})}{9.8 \times
0.5} $$ $$ r = 9\,160\,226 \,\mathrm{m} = 9160 \,\mathrm{km} $$ $$\text{distance above Earth's
surface}$$
$$ 9160\, \mathrm{km} - 6371\,\mathrm{km} = 2789 \,\mathrm{km}$$
Example: Mars has two very small moons,
Phobos and Deimos. Phobos has a surface gravity of 0.0057
m/s² and a surface radius of 11 266 m. Calculate the mass of Phobos? (Does your answer agree with wikipedia?)
solution
$$ g = \frac{GM}{r^{2}} $$ $$ M = \frac{gr^2}{G}$$ $$ M = \frac{(0.0057)(11\,266)^2}{6.674\times
10^{-11}}$$ $$M = 1.08 \times
10^{16}\,\mathrm{kg}$$
Inverse-Square Law (1/r²)
All particles are attracted to each other, but the attraction is divided by the distance squared. Physical laws that diminish at 1/r² are common in nature because of how signals spread out in 3 dimensions.
If you threw darts in random directions, the chance of hitting your target would obey this rule. Notice how the density of lines decreases with distance.
As you can see in the graph below, a 1/r² function has some interesting results at radius = 0 and force = 0.
What distance between masses produces a force of zero?
What happens to the force of gravity as the distance between masses approaches zero?
What else, besides gravity, might follow an inverse square law?
Question: If you triple the distance between two massive objects, what happens to their force of gravity? What about ten times the distance?
answer
This is easier to understand with some made up numbers. Set the masses and G to equal 1 since they aren't changing.
$$\text{\underline{triple}}$$ $$r = 3$$ $$ F = \frac{1}{r^2}$$ $$ F = \frac{1}{3^2}$$ $$ F = \frac{1}{9}$$
$$\text{\underline{ten times}}$$ $$r = 10$$ $$ F = \frac{1}{r^2}$$ $$ F = \frac{1}{10^2}$$ $$ F =
\frac{1}{100}$$
As the distance between two masses increases, the force of gravity decreases.
 Move your mouse horizontally to check the radius for each planet in the chart above. If the acceleration and the radius match it is the correct planet.
answer
Planet
mass (kg)
radius (km)
g (m/s²)
Jupiter
1.899 × 1027
70 000
?
Saturn
5.685 × 1026
58 232
?
Uranus
8.68 × 1025
25 362
?
Neptune
1.024 × 1026
24 622
?
 You need to do math for this one.
answer
Gravitational Potential Energy
Our old gravitational potential energy equation, U=mgh, can be made more accurate if we replace g = 9.8 with
a calculated gravitational acceleration. This version of gravitational potential energy now works beyond Earth's surface.
derivation of universal gravitational potential energy
$$U_{g} = mgh \quad g = \color{blue}{\frac{GM}{r^{2}}} $$
$$U_{g} = m{\color{blue}{\frac{GM}{r^{2}}}}h $$
If we define h to be zero when the two masses are zero distance apart, we can rename h to r.
$$U_{g} = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r^{2}}r
$$ $$U_{g} = \frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r} $$
When distance is very big the energy goes to zero, so it makes sense to choose the zero of this gravitational potential energy at an infinite distance away. This means that as we bring a mass closer to another mass we have negative potential energy.
$$U_{g} = -\frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r} $$
$$U_{g} = -\frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r} $$
\(U_g\) = gravitational potential energy [J, Joules]
\(G\) = 6.67408 × 10-11 = universal gravitation constant [N(m/kg)²]
\(M\) = mass [kg, kilograms]
\(r\) = distance between the center of each mass [m, meters]
What is the gravitational potential energy when two masses are at zero distance away?
What is the gravitational potential energy when two masses are at an infinite distance away?
masses =
Energy is a scalar, not a vector. This means that when we calculate gravitational potential energy it has no direction. You can see the potential energy in the simulation below as a scalar field. Think of the reddish regions as being deeper into the gravity well.
Example: Calculate the gravitational potential energy between two 100 000 kg masses when there is only 2 m between the center of each mass.
solution
$$U_{g} = -\frac{GM_{1}M_{2}}{r}$$ $$U_{g} = -\frac{(6.674 \times 10^{-11}) (100\,000)(100\,000)} {2}
$$ $$U_{g} = -0.33\,\mathrm{J}$$
The energy is negative because it would take positive work to separate the masses.
Example: Two 100 000 kg masses are 2 meters apart. How much work would it take to bring them to 10 m apart?
hint
Calculate the gravitational potential energy at each distance. The change in energy is the work.
Example: A 2000 kg spaceship starts at rest 20 000 km from the surface of Earth. How much kinetic energy will the ship have after it falls down to 10 000 km from the surface of Earth?
hint
Use conservation of energy. Set the initial kinetic and gravitational potential equal to the final kinetic and gravitational potential.
Use the mouse to move the camera. Double click for full screen.
In the simulation above, gravitational potential energy is represented as warping a 2-D fabric into a 3rd dimension.
In general relativity, gravity is thought of as warping space and time.


{% extends "wagtailadmin/base.html" %} {% load i18n %} {% block titletag %}{% trans "Permissions for" %} {{user}}{% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include "wagtailadmin/shared/header.html" with title="User Permissions" %}
This user is not active, and has no access to the site.
{% elif user.is_superuser %}This user is an administrator, and thus has complete access to the site.
{% elif user.is_staff %}This user is staff, which generally means they have access to Django Admin
| {% for group in groups %} | {{group}} | {% endfor %}|
| {{page_perms.page.url_path}} | {% for group_perm in page_perms.group_permissions %}
|
{% endfor %}
{% empty %}
User has no page permissions assigned via groups | {% endfor %}
| {% for group in groups %} | {{group}} | {% endfor %}|
| {{collection_perms.collection}} | {% for group_perm in collection_perms.group_permissions %}
|
{% endfor %}
{% empty %}
User has no collection permissions assigned via groups | {% endfor %}
| {% for group in groups %} | {{group}} | {% endfor %}|
| {{ ct_perms.content_type.app_label }}.{{ ct_perms.content_type.name }} | {% for perm_set in ct_perms.group_permissions %}
|
{% endfor %}
{% empty %}
User has no model permissions assigned via groups | {% endfor %}
| Content type | Permissions | |
| {{ content_type.app_label }}.{{ content_type.name }} |
|
{% empty %}
User has no permissions assigned directly | {% endfor %}


PodSecurityPolicy allows cluster administrators to control the creation and validation of a security context for a pod and containers. The intent of PodSecurityPolicy is to protect the cluster from the pod and containers, not to protect a pod or containers from a user.
Administration of a multi-tenant cluster requires the ability to provide varying sets of permissions among the tenants, the infrastructure components, and end users of the system who may themselves be administrators within their own isolated namespace.
Actors in a cluster may include infrastructure that is managed by administrators, infrastructure that is exposed to end users (builds, deployments), the isolated end user namespaces in the cluster, and the individual users inside those namespaces. Infrastructure components that operate on behalf of a user (builds, deployments) should be allowed to run at an elevated level of permissions without granting the user themselves an elevated set of permissions.
Use case 1: As an administrator, I can create a namespace for a person that can’t create privileged containers AND enforce that the UID of the containers is set to a certain value
Use case 2: As a cluster operator, an infrastructure component should be able to create a pod with elevated privileges in a namespace where regular users cannot create pods with these privileges or execute commands in that pod.
Use case 3: As a cluster administrator, I can allow a given namespace (or service account) to create privileged pods or to run root pods
Use case 4: As a cluster administrator, I can allow a project administrator to control the security contexts of pods and service accounts within a project
PodSecurityPolicy
.user.Info
must be available to admission controllers. (Completed in
https://github.com/kubernetes/kubernetes/pull/8203)PodSecurityPolicy objects exist in the root scope, outside of a namespace. The
PodSecurityPolicy will reference users and groups that are allowed
to operate under the constraints. In order to support this, ServiceAccounts
must be mapped
to a user name or group list by the authentication/authorization layers. This allows the security
context to treat users, groups, and service accounts uniformly.
Below is a list of PodSecurityPolicies which will likely serve most use cases:
system:authenticated
group, and will likely be the most restrictive set of constraints.system:service-accounts
, which can be imposed by the service account authenticator / token generator.system:cluster-admins
group - a set of constraints with elevated privileges that can be used
by an administrative user or group.// PodSecurityPolicy governs the ability to make requests that affect the SecurityContext
// that will be applied to a pod and container.
type PodSecurityPolicy struct {
unversioned.TypeMeta `json:",inline"`
api.ObjectMeta `json:"metadata,omitempty"`
// Spec defines the policy enforced.
Spec PodSecurityPolicySpec `json:"spec,omitempty"`
}
// PodSecurityPolicySpec defines the policy enforced.
type PodSecurityPolicySpec struct {
// Privileged determines if a pod can request to be run as privileged.
Privileged bool `json:"privileged,omitempty"`
// Capabilities is a list of capabilities that can be added.
Capabilities []api.Capability `json:"capabilities,omitempty"`
// Volumes allows and disallows the use of different types of volume plugins.
Volumes VolumeSecurityPolicy `json:"volumes,omitempty"`
// HostNetwork determines if the policy allows the use of HostNetwork in the pod spec.
HostNetwork bool `json:"hostNetwork,omitempty"`
// HostPorts determines which host port ranges are allowed to be exposed.
HostPorts []HostPortRange `json:"hostPorts,omitempty"`
// HostPID determines if the policy allows the use of HostPID in the pod spec.
HostPID bool `json:"hostPID,omitempty"`
// HostIPC determines if the policy allows the use of HostIPC in the pod spec.
HostIPC bool `json:"hostIPC,omitempty"`
// SELinuxContext is the strategy that will dictate the allowable labels that may be set.
SELinuxContext SELinuxContextStrategyOptions `json:"seLinuxContext,omitempty"`
// RunAsUser is the strategy that will dictate the allowable RunAsUser values that may be set.
RunAsUser RunAsUserStrategyOptions `json:"runAsUser,omitempty"`
// The users who have permissions to use this policy
Users []string `json:"users,omitempty"`
// The groups that have permission to use this policy
Groups []string `json:"groups,omitempty"`
}
// HostPortRange defines a range of host ports that will be enabled by a policy
// for pods to use. It requires both the start and end to be defined.
type HostPortRange struct {
// Start is the beginning of the port range which will be allowed.
Start int `json:"start"`
// End is the end of the port range which will be allowed.
End int `json:"end"`
}
// VolumeSecurityPolicy allows and disallows the use of different types of volume plugins.
type VolumeSecurityPolicy struct {
// HostPath allows or disallows the use of the HostPath volume plugin.
// More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/volumes/#hostpath
HostPath bool `json:"hostPath,omitempty"`
// EmptyDir allows or disallows the use of the EmptyDir volume plugin.
// More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/volumes/#emptydir
EmptyDir bool `json:"emptyDir,omitempty"`
// GCEPersistentDisk allows or disallows the use of the GCEPersistentDisk volume plugin.
// More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/volumes/#gcepersistentdisk
GCEPersistentDisk bool `json:"gcePersistentDisk,omitempty"`
// AWSElasticBlockStore allows or disallows the use of the AWSElasticBlockStore volume plugin.
// More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/volumes/#awselasticblockstore
AWSElasticBlockStore bool `json:"awsElasticBlockStore,omitempty"`
// GitRepo allows or disallows the use of the GitRepo volume plugin.
GitRepo bool `json:"gitRepo,omitempty"`
// Secret allows or disallows the use of the Secret volume plugin.
// More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/volumes/#secret
Secret bool `json:"secret,omitempty"`
// NFS allows or disallows the use of the NFS volume plugin.
// More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/volumes/#nfs
NFS bool `json:"nfs,omitempty"`
// ISCSI allows or disallows the use of the ISCSI volume plugin.
// More info: http://releases.k8s.io/HEAD/examples/volumes/iscsi/README.md
ISCSI bool `json:"iscsi,omitempty"`
// Glusterfs allows or disallows the use of the Glusterfs volume plugin.
// More info: http://releases.k8s.io/HEAD/examples/volumes/glusterfs/README.md
Glusterfs bool `json:"glusterfs,omitempty"`
// PersistentVolumeClaim allows or disallows the use of the PersistentVolumeClaim volume plugin.
// More info: http://kubernetes.io/docs/user-guide/persistent-volumes/#persistentvolumeclaims
PersistentVolumeClaim bool `json:"persistentVolumeClaim,omitempty"`
// RBD allows or disallows the use of the RBD volume plugin.
// More info: http://releases.k8s.io/HEAD/examples/volumes/rbd/README.md
RBD bool `json:"rbd,omitempty"`
// Cinder allows or disallows the use of the Cinder volume plugin.
// More info: http://releases.k8s.io/HEAD/examples/mysql-cinder-pd/README.md
Cinder bool `json:"cinder,omitempty"`
// CephFS allows or disallows the use of the CephFS volume plugin.
CephFS bool `json:"cephfs,omitempty"`
// DownwardAPI allows or disallows the use of the DownwardAPI volume plugin.
DownwardAPI bool `json:"downwardAPI,omitempty"`
// FC allows or disallows the use of the FC volume plugin.
FC bool `json:"fc,omitempty"`
}
// SELinuxContextStrategyOptions defines the strategy type and any options used to create the strategy.
type SELinuxContextStrategyOptions struct {
// Type is the strategy that will dictate the allowable labels that may be set.
Type SELinuxContextStrategy `json:"type"`
// seLinuxOptions required to run as; required for MustRunAs
// More info: http://releases.k8s.io/HEAD/docs/design/security_context#security-context
SELinuxOptions *api.SELinuxOptions `json:"seLinuxOptions,omitempty"`
}
// SELinuxContextStrategyType denotes strategy types for generating SELinux options for a
// SecurityContext.
type SELinuxContextStrategy string
const (
// container must have SELinux labels of X applied.
SELinuxStrategyMustRunAs SELinuxContextStrategy = "MustRunAs"
// container may make requests for any SELinux context labels.
SELinuxStrategyRunAsAny SELinuxContextStrategy = "RunAsAny"
)
// RunAsUserStrategyOptions defines the strategy type and any options used to create the strategy.
type RunAsUserStrategyOptions struct {
// Type is the strategy that will dictate the allowable RunAsUser values that may be set.
Type RunAsUserStrategy `json:"type"`
// UID is the user id that containers must run as. Required for the MustRunAs strategy if not using
// a strategy that supports pre-allocated uids.
UID *int64 `json:"uid,omitempty"`
// UIDRangeMin defines the min value for a strategy that allocates by a range based strategy.
UIDRangeMin *int64 `json:"uidRangeMin,omitempty"`
// UIDRangeMax defines the max value for a strategy that allocates by a range based strategy.
UIDRangeMax *int64 `json:"uidRangeMax,omitempty"`
}
// RunAsUserStrategyType denotes strategy types for generating RunAsUser values for a
// SecurityContext.
type RunAsUserStrategy string
const (
// container must run as a particular uid.
RunAsUserStrategyMustRunAs RunAsUserStrategy = "MustRunAs"
// container must run as a particular uid.
RunAsUserStrategyMustRunAsRange RunAsUserStrategy = "MustRunAsRange"
// container must run as a non-root uid
RunAsUserStrategyMustRunAsNonRoot RunAsUserStrategy = "MustRunAsNonRoot"
// container may make requests for any uid.
RunAsUserStrategyRunAsAny RunAsUserStrategy = "RunAsAny"
)
As reusable objects in the root scope, PodSecurityPolicy follows the lifecycle of the cluster itself. Maintenance of constraints such as adding, assigning, or changing them is the responsibility of the cluster administrator. Deleting is not considered in PodSecurityPolicy, It’s important for controllers without the ability to use psps (like the namespace controller) to be able to delete pods.
Creating a new user within a namespace should not require the cluster administrator to define the user’s PodSecurityPolicy. They should receive the default set of policies that the administrator has defined for the groups they are assigned.
In order to establish policy for service accounts and users, there must be a way
to identify the default set of constraints that is to be used. This is best accomplished by using
groups. As mentioned above, groups may be used by the authentication/authorization layer to ensure
that every user maps to at least one group (with a default example of system:authenticated
) and it
is up to the cluster administrator to ensure that a PodSecurityPolicy
object exists that
references the group.
If an administrator would like to provide a user with a changed set of security context permissions, they may do the following:
PodSecurityPolicy
object and add a reference to the user or a group
that the user belongs to.PodSecurityPolicy
object with the proper
elevated privileges.Admission control using an authorizer provides the ability to control the creation of resources
based on capabilities granted to a user. In terms of the PodSecurityPolicy
, it means
that an admission controller may inspect the user info made available in the context to retrieve
an appropriate set of policies for validation.
The appropriate set of PodSecurityPolicies is defined as all of the policies available that have reference to the user or groups that the user belongs to.
Admission will use the PodSecurityPolicy to ensure that any requests for a specific security context setting are valid and to generate settings using the following approach:
PodSecurityPolicy
objects that are allowed to be usedPodSecurityPolicy
objects in a most restrictive to least restrictive order.PodSecurityPolicy
, generate a SecurityContext
for each container. The generation phase will not override
any user requested settings in the SecurityContext
, and will rely on the validation phase to ensure that
the user requests are valid.SecurityContext
to ensure it falls within the boundaries of the PodSecurityPolicy
PodSecurityPolicy
then the pod will be admittedPodSecurityPolicy
then try the next PodSecurityPolicy
PodSecurityPolicy
validates for the pod then the pod will not be admittedThe creation of a SecurityContext
based on a PodSecurityPolicy
is based upon the configured
settings of the PodSecurityPolicy
.
There are three scenarios under which a PodSecurityPolicy
field may fall:
Governed by a boolean: fields of this type will be defaulted to the most restrictive value.
For instance, AllowPrivileged
will always be set to false if unspecified.
Governed by an allowable set: fields of this type will be checked against the set to ensure
their value is allowed. For example, AllowCapabilities
will ensure that only capabilities
that are allowed to be requested are considered valid. HostNetworkSources
will ensure that
only pods created from source X are allowed to request access to the host network.
Governed by a strategy: Items that have a strategy to generate a value will provide a mechanism to generate the value as well as a mechanism to ensure that a specified value falls into the set of allowable values. See the Types section for the description of the interfaces that strategies must implement.
Strategies have the ability to become dynamic. In order to support a dynamic strategy it should be
possible to make a strategy that has the ability to either be pre-populated with dynamic data by
another component (such as an admission controller) or has the ability to retrieve the information
itself based on the data in the pod. An example of this would be a pre-allocated UID for the namespace.
A dynamic RunAsUser
strategy could inspect the namespace of the pod in order to find the required pre-allocated
UID and generate or validate requests based on that information.
// SELinuxStrategy defines the interface for all SELinux constraint strategies.
type SELinuxStrategy interface {
// Generate creates the SELinuxOptions based on constraint rules.
Generate(pod *api.Pod, container *api.Container) (*api.SELinuxOptions, error)
// Validate ensures that the specified values fall within the range of the strategy.
Validate(pod *api.Pod, container *api.Container) fielderrors.ValidationErrorList
}
// RunAsUserStrategy defines the interface for all uid constraint strategies.
type RunAsUserStrategy interface {
// Generate creates the uid based on policy rules.
Generate(pod *api.Pod, container *api.Container) (*int64, error)
// Validate ensures that the specified values fall within the range of the strategy.
Validate(pod *api.Pod, container *api.Container) fielderrors.ValidationErrorList
}
An administrator may wish to create a resource in a namespace that runs with escalated privileges. By allowing security context constraints to operate on both the requesting user and the pod’s service account, administrators are able to create pods in namespaces with elevated privileges based on the administrator’s security context constraints.
This also allows the system to guard commands being executed in the non-conforming container. For
instance, an exec
command can first check the security context of the pod against the security
context constraints of the user or the user’s ability to reference a service account.
If it does not validate then it can block users from executing the command. Since the validation
will be user aware, administrators would still be able to run the commands that are restricted to normal users.
In certain cases, the Kubelet may need provide information about
the image in order to validate the security context. An example of this is a cluster
that is configured to run with a UID strategy of MustRunAsNonRoot
.
In this case the admission controller can set the existing MustRunAsNonRoot
flag on the SecurityContext
based on the UID strategy of the SecurityPolicy
. It should still validate any requests on the pod
for a specific UID and fail early if possible. However, if the RunAsUser
is not set on the pod
it should still admit the pod and allow the Kubelet to ensure that the image does not run as
root
with the existing non-root checks.


E-voting System
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Participate in the students election and choose your best candidate
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{% extends "customerNavbar.html" %} {% block title %} Orders {% endblock %} {% block content %}
One cannot think well, love well, sleep well, if not has not dined well.
Bill Amount: {{i[3]}}
Paid Via: {{i[7]}}


@(user: models.User)(videoList: java.util.List[models.Video]) @* Video Listing page -- lists all videos and provides links with common actions *@ @stylesheets = { } @javascripts = { } @main("Admin Dashboard: Video Management - Careers From Here")(stylesheets)(javascripts)(user) {
| Name | Author | Actions |
|---|---|---|
| @video.getTitle | @video.getUser.getName |


Clicking the "Copy protection to file" button will protect the target file "RevokeTarget.txt" to the Enterprise ID associated with the source file "RevokeSample.txt".
Clicking the "Copy protection to folder" button will protect the target folder "RevokeTarget" to the Enterprise ID associated with the source folder "RevokeSample".
The copy protection functionality is useful in the scenarios which require the "Save As" feature.
The status of the copy protection operation will be displayed in the output section.


For the fig-swirl: Melt butter over medium heat in a saucepan. Add brown sugar and stir to dissolve. Halve all of the figs and toss in the saucepan with water and lemon juice. Cook over medium heat, stirring frequently, until you have a chunky-jammy mixture. Add salt with one or two stirs, set aside and let cool completey.
Ice Cream: In a small pot over medium heat, combine milk, and granulated sugar is completely dissolved and the milk is just barely lukewarm. Whisk in the egg yolks. Set mixture in the fridge and wait until the fig mixture is cooled.
Using an ice cream machine, pour liquids into the frozen basin and process according to manufacturer instructions, i.e., let spin and thicken for 20 minutes. Pour semi-frozen mixture into a pyrex dish or glass tupperware. Freeze for at least two hours before serving.
Food enthusiast, photography fan. Add a pinch of raw foodism and that's pretty much who I am.


Given a neural network and a loss funcon, the training of the neural network is formalized to learning
its parameters
W
so that the loss L is minimized. Finding the minimum by searching
W
s.t.
∇
w
L
= 0 in a brute-
force fashion is infeasible in pracce, especially when the formula is as complex as a deep neural network.
Therefore, we consider a process to approach the minima by small steps. The learning process of gradient
descent starts from a randomly picked point, and the loss L decreases along with the update of parameters ,
each step based on the paral derivave
∂L
∂w
. More speciﬁcally, the parameters are updated iteravely by
w
:=
w
−
α
∂L
∂w
, where
α
is the learning rate of each step and
W
is the weights which include the biases
b of each layer.
This mechanism eﬀecvely reduces the weights if its output is over the supervised ground-truth value and
increases the weights if the output is under the necessary ground truth.
Back-Propagaon (Rumelhart et al. 1986; LeCun et al. 2015) is a technique to compute the paral
derivave
∂L
∂w
in the network. To make the computaon of
∂L
∂w
clearer, an intermediate value
δ
=
∂L
∂w
, which
is the paral derivave of the loss L with respect to the layer’s output z. Then, the paral derivaves of the loss
L with respect to each parameter assemble
∂L
∂w
, are computed based on the intermediate value δ.
The layers are indexed as l= 1, 2, . . . For
example if sigmoid is used as the acvaon funcon, following formulize the method.
z
l
=
W
l
a
l
−
1
where
w
0
l
is b
l
which is bias
a
l
=
f
(
z
l
)
=
1
1
+
e
−
z
l
L
=
1
2
‖y
−
a
L
‖
2
,
By applying the gradient descent method to minimize the loss funcon, it can be shown that the weight
update of each layer is governed by the following equaon, which can be programmed iteravely.
w
l
=
w
l
−
∝
∂L
∂w
l


CMSSW Performance Suite run on
HOST
at
LocalPath
Results produced on
ProductionDate
Logfiles available at:
LogfileLinks
DirectoryBrowsing
Results published on
PublicationDate


{% load static %}
Import, delete...
Import the logic for a Source
Import all Territorial Entities for a given Source and Country
Import all Territorial Entities for a given Source and Province
Import all Houses for a given Source and Country
Import all Houses for a given Source and Province
Import all Real States for a given Source and Country
Complete all the Real States information for a given Source


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Super Mario Flash
Home
Super Mario Flashes
Super Mario Flash
Download


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We manufacture a range of high quality personal and home care brands across a range of medicated and beauty products.
We are dedicated to developing and distributing brands that support healthier life and safer homes throughout Africa.


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/semilattices.html ---
I'm looking for a kind of semilattice with a bottom, and I'd like to be able to take the limit of a monotonically increasing series. Does it exist, is it in mathlib
and what is it called?
This is often called a chain-complete partial order. I don't think it is in mathlib yet. I have a very old theory about the fixed construction, but it doesn't compile anymore (see https://gist.github.com/johoelzl/900ec0250f46a2ac4070bfc4f4fd0405 )
Cool! Thanks! Do you mind if I fix it up and PR it?
Of course! Go on.
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


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{{layout "base"}}
| uuid | special | connected | last_action | created | removed |
| ${client.info.uuid} | {{if client.infoadmin == true}} admin {{else client.info.spammer == true}} spammer {{/if}} | ${client.info.connected_timestamp} | ${client.info.last_action_timestamp} | ${client.info.blocks_created} | ${client.info.blocks_removed} |


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Sync with the app to analyze your fitness
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|
The Darwin Game
|
|
Darwin 2.2 is a game that features artificial intelligence creatures (i.e., virtual robots) competing to either control a map or be the first to complete a task. You play by programming your own species of creature in Java. Darwin 2.2 is a lab assignment in CS136 at Williams College. Students create creatures for specific tasks like navigating a maze or competing for survival. This page contains everything that you need to play the Darwin Game at Williams, adapt it for your school, or play with your programmer friends.
New for 2012: Enchanted apples, shrines, mud, and 4-species natural selection!
Download
The Darwin 2.2 simulator and documentation are below. You may use them for free with attribution, in a course or for your own entertainment. You are even welcome to modify and redistribute the code with attribution.
Description File Contents Darwin 2.2 darwin2.2.zip Everything: Simulator, Darwin viewer, sample Creatures, map pack, sprites, player's handbook, reference documentation, and source code Player's Handbook players-handbook.pdf The handbook describing in detail how to make a creature, the file format descriptions, and the tournament rules API Online JavaDoc Reference documentation for the full API Java Java SDK Provided by Oracle. You only need this if you don't already have a Java compiler installed Features
Creatures are programmed in regular Java. Six actions allow them to interact with the simulation world: observe, turnLeft, turnRight, move, attack, delay. Each action has its own specified time cost. A successful attack destroys its target and then spawns a new instance of the attacker's creature type. This allows creatures to reproduce and eventually take over the map. This and the tournament rules create a kind of natural selection among species, hence the `Darwin' name.
The API is extremely simple. Below is the source code for a robot rover that moves in a straight line until it is obstructed, and then turns to the left. It attacks anything that it runs into.
public class Rover extends Creature { public void run() { while (true) { if (! moveForward()) { attack(); turnLeft(); } }} }The simulator can be run in text mode or graphical mode. In graphical mode it offers 2D and 3D views and can be paused or set at one of four speeds. The 3D view is shown at the top of this page. To customize your creature's 3D appearance, draw four PNG images. Searching for `3D sprite' or `isometric sprite' yields many good results on Google. For example, the rover above uses a tweaked Pig Tank from Duke Nukem 3D. The maps themselves are created using a simple ASCII format. They support walls, food, treasure, gigantic Venus fly trap monsters, and up to 10 competing AI creatures.
I am interested in receiving contributions of new sprite graphics and maps by e-mail, and in hearing if you use Darwin in a course. Please do not send unsolicited creature subclasses or suggestions for the API. I don't have the resources to evaluate and integrate them.
History
Darwin Game 2.2 was designed by Morgan McGuire. The previous 2.0 version was similar (and the API is backwards compatible!) but required explicit synchronization of creatures by the player. Version 2.1 relieved the programmer of that burden to make more sophisticated strategies accessible to less experienced programmers. Version 2.2 introduced new mechanics to allow alternative strategies and increased the scale of the maps significantly.
Morgan's Darwin was inspired by Steve Freund's Darwin assignment, in which students implemented in Java an interpreter for a concurrent assembly language. That assignment was based on the Darwin's World interpreter game invented by Nick Parlante and implemented in C and Pascal.


---
layout: splash
locale: en-US
header:
overlay_color: "#5e616c"
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actions:
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url: "/docs/quick-start-guide/"
excerpt: >
Build your own powerful autonomous car within 100 dollars
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title: "Affordable"
excerpt: "Build your own Alpacar within $100 budget, have fun and enjoy!"
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title: "Achievable"
excerpt: "Based on Machine Vision via Python, the car can be driven automatically with simple code writing"
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Guidance
Exemplification material for English writing to support teacher assessment at the end of key stage 2 in 2016 and 2017.
Ref: ISBN 978-1-78644-124-9 , STA/16/7534/e PDF , 2.3MB , 24 pages
If you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>. Please tell us what format you need. It will help us if you say what assistive technology you use.
Ref: ISBN 978-1-78644-110-2 , STA/16/7520/e PDF , 7.82MB , 16 pages
If you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>. Please tell us what format you need. It will help us if you say what assistive technology you use.
Ref: ISBN 978-1-78644-127-0 , STA/16/7537/e PDF , 3.15MB , 30 pages
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Ref: ISBN 978-1-78644-126-3 , STA/16/7536/e PDF , 10.8MB , 21 pages
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Ref: ISBN 978-1-78644-123-2 , STA/16/7533/e PDF , 2.97MB , 30 pages
If you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>. Please tell us what format you need. It will help us if you say what assistive technology you use.
Ref: ISBN 978-1-78644-109-6 , STA/16/7519/e PDF , 15.9MB , 23 pages
If you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>. Please tell us what format you need. It will help us if you say what assistive technology you use.
Ref: ISBN 978-1-78644-125-6 , STA/16/7535/e PDF , 3.05MB , 28 pages
If you use assistive technology (such as a screen reader) and need a version of this document in a more accessible format, please email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>. Please tell us what format you need. It will help us if you say what assistive technology you use.
Ref: ISBN 978-1-78644-111-9 , STA/16/7521/e PDF , 12.1MB , 18 pages
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This exemplification material may be used with the 2017 interim teacher assessment frameworks.
Key stage 2 ( KS2 ) exemplification material to support teacher assessment ( TA ) of each pupil at the end of KS2 .
This guidance was originally provided for the 2016 test cycle but may also be used with the 2017 interim TA frameworks.
The exemplification shows examples of pupils’ work at the standards detailed in the interim TA frameworks. There are annotated and unannotated versions available to aid training.
If teachers are confident in their judgements, they do not need to refer to the exemplification materials. The exemplification materials are there to help teachers make their judgements where they want additional guidance.
Published: 8 February 2016
Updated: 10 March 2017
From: Standards and Testing Agency
Part of: Key stage 2 teacher assessment


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A simple API containing a curated set metrics about the health of a webpage from a technical SEO point of view. Hopefully this API will act as a starting point for any engineer who likes to play and learn more about extracting insights from web pages for the purposes of SEO or testing.
Github RepositoryCreate an instance of Express server and set it to use our apiRouter on /api
path and
listen on
a port.
Create an instance of Express Router and add a get
route matcher on path
/page-health
to use our main handler function. This now makes your API route
/api/page-health
.
Now let's create our handler function. It needs to be able to read the query string parameter for
?url=
and validate it. If it checks out we can pass it to our render service to process it.
Otherwise we send an error response to the user to correct the faulty parameter.
Here is how we validate the URL. URL class throws an error when the passed string can not be constructed into a URL instance, so it's an easy way to validate a string.
Now we are done with our general scaffolding for the API side, let's build some software!
Our core service for the app is our rendering service, with a few simple duties:
But, as always, the devil is in the details and there are few gotchas involved:
We don't want to run too many of the APIs Chrome comes with out of the box, as they will slow down our
service.
To overcome this
we will use a custom launchOptions
for puppeteer's launch
function, so
we
can pass in a set a chrome switches
that would disable most of what we won't need.
We won't go into much detail here, but you can check out the list of switches passed into chrome for disabling various features and Web APIs. You can also see the full list of args that chrome takes.
We don't want to request any possibly large assets of the page, especially if they don't help us in calculation of our metrics. So we need to abort the requests that are made to such resources.
We also don't want our test to run any analytics events, so we would need to create a list of typical analytics servers too.
And finally, we need to also block any request made to well known advertising servers, as they just slow down the whole process.
Now we are able to easily check whether the request URL in ResourceType is matching any of these
types. If so, we can .abort
the request, otherwise we simply
.continue
This constitutes all of the lifting that needs to be done before we can finally add some metrics to our API.
We want all of our metrics to have the same blueprint, as we simply want to pass them all as an array into our rendering service and get a consistent set of results from them. To do so we need to create a blueprint abstract class which they will all extend.
The base metric will set a few standards for our metrics:
Page
and Response
getMetricValue
which provides the
name
and the final value of that metric. This is then used by the getMetric
method from
BaseMetric to add the other information we need for all the metrics.The easiest way of determining if a link is internal is to check that it is not external. We
simply
do
this
by checking if the href's hostname is different to the current page's href hostname. See
isExternalLink
method below.
After this we need 4 pieces of information about our links:
href
There is no "easy" way to extract all the event listeners attached to an element (inline or from script) without doing lots of work. Not to worry as Chrome Developer Protocol (CDP) can come to the rescue.
How, you ask? CDP, amongst other tools, has access to the console API of chrome. Console API contains a
function
in
the global namespace called getEventListeners
. This function is available when you open the
developer toolbar in chrome but normally isn't part of the global namespace.
This function takes a node as an argument and returns an object containing all the event listeners attached to that element, making CDP an ideal choice for extracting our link data.
You can create a CDP session through puppeteer's page object, which is perfect for us as we decided all
our
metrics will have access to the Page and Response object. To make this a little more encapsulated, we can
wrap
all the functionality we need from CDP into a class called CDPSessionClient
so
we won't pollute our metric class with its implementation detail.
So now our InternalLinks
metric class can extract the first three pieces of information for us.
For
health checking we will create our LinkHealthChecker
class
Getting the href
attribute: For attribute we will use the
DOM.getAttributes
command in CDP. The response of this
command is an array of attribute names and their values in the same array (yeah, a little weird,
but
it will do.)
So all we have to do is find what the index of `href` is in that response array and the value
after
that index will be
the href value.
Getting event listeners: As discussed earlier, we will use the debugger function for this
through the
DOMDebugger.getEventListeners
command. Notice that unlike DOM normal API, CDP
mainly
operates on nodeId (Unique DOM node identifier).
Getting text content: CDP does not have a command to get the text content of a node, so we
use cheerio for that. Using
the
DOM.getOuterHTML
we can get the HTML of the link, however, this would contain HTML, so
by
parsing it using cheerio we can use the .text()
method to get the combined text
content.
This class uses the raw information we gathered using CDP. Health checker considers a link healthy when:
#
basedjavascript:
)With simple metrics like this we don't have to go too deep into CDP, as we can simply rely on puppeteer's high level API.
Two things make a page NoIndex for bots:
<meta name='robots|googlebot|bingbot....' content='noindex'/>
on
the
page.
X-Robots-Tag=noindex
in the response headers
As you can see, robots meta tag is not mononymous so the easiest way to determine meta noindex is by
looking
for meta tags where their content
attribute value is noindex
. We can easily do
this
by
passing a page function into page.evaluate
For the headers, we need to use the puppeteer's response object and look for the key
X-Robots-Tag
and
check if its value is noindex
One of the newer Web APIs introduced recently is the Performance API which provides access to many of the performance-related information you would want about a page. Each piece of information in this API is called an entry. Each entry has a type which is the group the entry belongs to.
For our purposes we are focusing on the page rendering performance, for which its metric belongs to the entryType
called paint
. This is the category that contains metrics such as first-paint
and
first-contentful-paint
(FCP).
As far as FCP goes the lower the start time the better. Lighthouse uses a particular scoring system for this, which you may embrace.
Puppeteer's request object contains the chain of requests, however, if there are no redirects and the request was successful, the chain will be empty. For SEO purposes it's always nice to have the final link in the chain included too, so for this reason we always manually add the final link ourselves.
What makes a page responsive is a complex debate, however, we propose for simplicity that the minimum requirement for being responsive is for the width of the page to follow the width of the device.
So based on this, if a page at least has a viewport meta tag where its content attribute contains
width=device-width
then we consider this page to be responsive.
For robots we will be using a library called robots-parser. This tool is especially useful when your site has a large robots.txt file and finding the specific rule that matches a url can be hard.
You may wish to extend this so the API also allows you to pass custom user-agents to the parser, or even switch them out with the newly open sourced Google robots.txt parser. It is written in C++ so you would have to use a child process or tools like shell.js to interact with the C++ binary. You can also do it using node-gyp by creating a node C++ native add-on that would call the robots_main directly from source. I may be sharing some of these techniques in future posts.
For extracting schema, we use a library called Web Auto Extractor which can extract Microdata, RDFa-lite, JSON-LD and some other random meta tags.
In future posts we may show how to validate this extracted data against actual schema definitions
Puppeteer's response object contains a utility method for status, which is perfect for adding to our metrics.
Node's natural library has a good implementation of tf-idf where we can extract the list of all the terms from the corpus in order of their importance. For our purposes we can limit this to the first 10 only.
🏁 I hope you have enjoyed this post and find it useful. Feel free to change, extend and add your own metrics.


| DOSE: T+ 0:00 |
1 shot |
oral |
Alcohol - Hard |
(liquid) |
| T+ 0:00 |
0.083 tsp |
oral |
Syrian Rue |
(extract) |
| T+ 0:00 |
7.0 mg |
oral |
MDMA |
(powder / crystals) |
| T+ 1:08 |
12 mg |
oral |
MDMA |
(powder / crystals) |
| T+ 2:04 |
tablets |
oral |
MDMA |
(pill / tablet) |
| T+ 2:04 |
0.125 tsp |
oral |
Syrian Rue |
(extract) |
| T+ 2:04 |
1 shot |
oral |
Alcohol - Hard |
(liquid) |
[Combining MAOIs with other psychoactive drugs carries serious medical risks and can result in extremely unpleasant side effects, overheating, nausea, confusion, heart problems, and even death. Please see Erowid's MAOI Vault]
LAST SLEEP:
Last sleep was 6:15am to 12:15pm. Prior was 2:30am to 8:30am. Less than normal, but I've been sleeping solid, so it works as well as my normal 8+ hours.
LAST FOOD:
6pm, 2 eggrolls, 1.5 cups shrimp and snow peas in garlic sauce, 1/2 cup rice.
DRUGS:
Sleep Deprivation, Crumbly yellow-star 75-100mg MDMA, plus Syrian Rue, plus Amaretto.
I have another report pending regarding sleep deprivation filed under MDE/MDMA/MA. Sleep deprivation is the #1 psychedelic.
REASONING:
The Yellow Stars ended up being much weaker than we'd all planned on, but we paid as much as if they'd been 250mg tablets. In order to attempt to extend their lifespan and increace their efficacy, I decided to test what is GENERALLY considered dangerous -- combine MDMA with a known MAOI.
DANGERS:
General precations here are possibility for acute hypertensive shock, or seratonin syndrome -- both of which are potentially fatal; however, most reports I've seen have been people doing full or crazy doses in addition to having MAOI. Overall, there's a surprising lack of reports.
Always test on the weak side before trying full dosage of anything, and research extensively for interactions. Be prepared. Be safe (contextually anyway).
PROCEDURE:
Based on my experience boosting with Syrian rue, but starting small for 'safety' I used
About 1 tsp coconut flavored 75% ethanol (rum/everclear run through coconut shreds)
1/12th TSP 4x harmala extract (~0.4g)
1/12th weak tablet MDMA (5-10mg NET)
Amaretto sour covers the flavor of dissolved Syrian Rue fairly well.
I mixed the above thoroughly, then added:
1.5 ounces Amaretto
ice
sweet and sour mix (to top off an 8 oz glass)
3:36am, started drinking cocktail
3:58am, finished drinking cocktail
4:08am, first waves and synaesthesia with music
4:44am, not enough going on.
Eating another crumb, a little larger than last time.
I'll call it 1/11th? (which brings it to 23/132).
5:40am, I realized that much of the ho hum is caused by sitting motionless on computer. I was on a mission. It's the true, underlying mission of all geeks' struggles with technology.
Tingles and general goodness are there. It's about 10% stronger than if I'd eaten the whole 75-100mg tablet by itself (not intense by any means, but definitely there).
Decided to take advantage of my geek induced creative google searches set on recursive slide show. It ws quick and massively intense. It would have been awesome with my mate had she been in town.
Also, I can tell the peak has already come and gone, in more than one way. I decided to try boosting, which usually doesn't work well for MDMA, but oh well. It's a weekend.
Created new cocktail with the rest of a third of the pill, plus 1/8th tsp 4x Syrian Rue extract. No pre-mix with stronger ethanol, and I added ice FIRST, so some clumps of rue didn't dissolve.
5:53am, done with new cocktail and a second rinse with water to get the rest of the sediment.
6:18am, kinda sloshy in the stomach.
Lots of sleep deprivation high. Tracers, imagined hallucinations.
(I don't have real hallucinations except on severe sleep deprivation).
I'm very tired.
6:28am, still kinda sloshy.  Smaller and more rapid than usual MDMA.
6:36am, new peak. Not great. My laptop has an aura, and my visual field has density fluctuations, if that makes sense. I'm sweating, but I check and it's 84 degrees, 62% humidity.
Sirius Area 63 overly repetitive track selection becomes less of a problem.
I'm battling over whether to go to sleep; see where I can take the tail end of this trip; take the rest of the crumbly yellow star; or try to boost the trip to binge/bender status with MDE/MA pill (and call in sick the next 3 days for sleep deprivation induced bronchitis).
I've been neurotically rewriting this report for clarity and flow.
I really want to get up and dance.
This is where I omit an entire section on my mental exploration of personal defects. Suffice it to say that serious introspection was accurate, effortless, and rapid. MAOI + MDMA both attributed to this effect; however, I spend 20% of my waking time in self induced trance. Your results may vary.
7:03am It bosted up pretty well considering the situation. I feel nice. Very functional, especially for being tired.
7:15a Note, food does not in any way sound appetizing.
If looking for the trip, it seems very mild. If I sink into the trip, it's very much there. Very gentle, like a calm ocean. There is much power there in the vast quantity of water, but it is at peace with me and I with it.
Nothing spectacular anticipated for the duration of the trip. Whether I boost again or not won't affect the overall result of this report.
SUMMARY:
So this is working -- something, obviously. It's not normal, but it's not abnormal. The AC feels good, and introspection works pretty well.
Next time, to get a bigger peak, and a more pronounced effect, I will have:
1/6th to 1/3rd pill of weak X
plus 1/12th to 1/6th TSP 4x Rue Extract
I think for MDMA, rue is a 4-6x multiplier, wheras for 5-MeO-MiPT it was about a 10x-12x multiplier. I'm probably off on the MDMA part since I boosted. It may still be 10x-12x if taken all at once. I think 0.40g/kg MDMA would be MAX with Rue. I think anything more would be just WAY too much, and definitely toying with potentially dangerous consequences.
The Rue seems to be 4h full cycle, so it's a shorter trip. The rue boosts fine repeatedly though, so the same MDMA dose could be extended with more rue. Rue is cheap and easy to acquire since it's used in red dyes and incense.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


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QuantLib: a free/open-source library for quantitative finance
Fully annotated sources - version 1.30
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Base Random Walk class. More...
#include <ql/experimental/math/fireflyalgorithm.hpp>
Public Member Functions | |
| virtual | ~RandomWalk ()=default |
| void | walk () |
| perform random walk More... | |
Protected Member Functions | |
| virtual void | walkImpl (Array &xRW)=0 |
| virtual void | init (FireflyAlgorithm *fa) |
Protected Attributes | |
| Size | Mfa_ |
| Size | N_ |
| const std::vector< Array > * | x_ |
| const std::vector< std::pair< Real, Size > > * | values_ |
| std::vector< Array > * | xRW_ |
| Array * | lX_ |
| Array * | uX_ |
Friends | |
| class | FireflyAlgorithm |
Base Random Walk class.
Derived classes need to implement only walkImpl
Definition at line 173 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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virtualdefault |
| void walk | ( | ) |
perform random walk
Definition at line 178 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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protectedpure virtual |
Implemented in DistributionRandomWalk< Distribution >, DistributionRandomWalk< std::normal_distribution< QuantLib::Real > >, DistributionRandomWalk< LevyFlightDistribution >, and DecreasingGaussianWalk.
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protectedvirtual |
Reimplemented in DistributionRandomWalk< Distribution >, DistributionRandomWalk< std::normal_distribution< QuantLib::Real > >, DistributionRandomWalk< LevyFlightDistribution >, and DecreasingGaussianWalk.
Definition at line 191 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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friend |
Definition at line 174 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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protected |
Definition at line 184 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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protected |
Definition at line 184 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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protected |
Definition at line 185 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
Definition at line 186 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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protected |
Definition at line 187 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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protected |
Definition at line 188 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.
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protected |
Definition at line 188 of file fireflyalgorithm.hpp.


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The base query that allows for appending expressions, query extensions, and eventing
More...
List of all members.
Public Member Functions |
| void | AddMethodExpression (string methodName, Type[] generics, Expression[] parameters) |
| | Adds a method to the expression in the query object
|
Protected Attributes |
List< Tuple< MethodInfo,
Expression[]> > | ExpressionList = new List<Tuple<MethodInfo, Expression[]>>() |
| | Holds the expressions to be appended
|
Properties |
| IDataContext | Context [get, set] |
| | The reference to the IDataContext that gives data connection
|
Detailed Description
The base query that allows for appending expressions, query extensions, and eventing
Member Function Documentation
| void Highway.Data.QueryObjects.QueryBase.AddMethodExpression |
( |
string |
methodName, |
|
|
Type[] |
generics, |
|
|
Expression[] |
parameters |
|
) |
| |
|
inline |
Adds a method to the expression in the query object
- Parameters:
-
| methodName | The name of the method to be added i.e. GroupBy |
| generics | Any type parameters needed by the method to be added |
| parameters | Any object parameters needed by the method to be added |
Implements Highway.Data.Interfaces.IExtendableQuery.
| void Highway.Data.QueryObjects.QueryBase.CheckContextAndQuery |
( |
object |
query | ) |
|
|
inlineprotected |
Checks the context and the Query for null
- Parameters:
-
| query | The query to be executed |
Member Data Documentation
| List<Tuple<MethodInfo, Expression[]> > Highway.Data.QueryObjects.QueryBase.ExpressionList = new List<Tuple<MethodInfo, Expression[]>>() |
|
protected |
Holds the expressions to be appended
Property Documentation
The reference to the IDataContext that gives data connection
Event Documentation
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:
- Highway.Data.EntityFramework/QueryObjects/QueryBase.cs


About
Updates:
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Jan 21, 2018: Added support for viewing the original pdf document!
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Jan 5, 2018: Added support for deleting individual document.
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Dec 19, 2017: Refactor code for better performance and UX when loading reading history. (Using Rx.ReplaySubject)
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Dec 8, 2017: Add Paste from clipboard support.
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Nov 21, 2017: Updated the app to be tab-based. Added a History tab. Supports clear history. Display possible paper title instead of raw url in history for better identification.
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Sept 30, 2017: Now you are able to view recently visited documents without web requests.
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Sept 18, 2017: App released!
Version {{ app_version }}
Powered by indico.io.
Developed with the Ionic Framework. It's available both for iOS and Android.
Created by Xieyang (Michael) Liu @ Carnegie Mellon University.


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}Confirm Delete Insurance Card | MedEM{% endblock %} {% block content %}
Delete
Cancel


--- layout: page-breadcrumbs.html title: Memorial Benefits permalink: /memorial-benefits/index.html ---
Upon the death of the Veteran or his or her spouse or dependent, also called the time of need, family members should gather the DD-214 or other discharge papers and click ‘get started’ to schedule a burial. Then make arrangements with a funeral home or directly with a VA national cemetery.
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Veterans will have a burial option located within about an hour’s drive of their home. Veterans with a qualifying discharge are automatically entitled to VA burial services. Spouses and dependent children are eligible, too.
The following burial services may be provided to Veterans and their loved ones:
Eligible Veterans may receive headstones, markers, or medallions to place in private cemeteries worldwide. Some Veterans may also be eligible for burial allowances or use benefits for private cemetery burials that also include a headstone or marker, a burial flag, and a Presidential Memorial Certificate.
Please note that grave sites cannot be reserved in advance.
It takes about 10 minutes to establish eligibility for burial in a VA national cemetery.


| fkGraphics reference pages |
p=GETPOLYLINE p=GETPOLYLINE(param1,val1,...)
p=GETPOLYLINE opens a new figure and axes in which you can select a polyline using the mouse. Left mouse button will add a point, middle mouse button will remove the last point. The right mouse button or hitting 'Enter' will end the polyline selection. Pressing 'Esc' will abort the polyline selection. Pressing 'c' will toggle the closed state of the polyline. Pressing 's' will toggle the spline state of the polyline. The function returns a structure with the nodes of the polyline and the closed and spline flags.
p=GETPOLYLINE(param1,val1,...) additional options. Valid options are:
| polaraxes | Toolbox page | slicemat |


Let Burna Boy go first - Teni says after SA fan asked when she's visiting
- Teni has got people laughing after she replied a South African fan on Twitter
- The fan asked Teni when she would visit South Africa
- In a sarcastic reply, Teni told the singer to let Burna Boy go and come back home first
Nigerian singer Teniola Apata, popularly known as TeniEntertainer, has got people laughing on the popular micro-blogging platform, Twitter, after she replied a South African fan on the platform.
The fan identified as @Awesome_Gugu tweeted at Teni asking her when she plans to visit South Africa.
Teni replied to the fan with a sarcastic and playful comment. The singer told the fan to wait until Burna Boy goes to the country and comes back.
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This comes as a funny reply due to the fact that Burna Boy was getting threats from South African citizens when he expressed anger towards the country and vowed not to ever go there after the xenophobic attack that occurred this year.

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Meanwhile, Legit.ng had earlier reported that Burna Boy once again achieved a great feat in his musical career and made the country proud. The singer made the 2020 Grammy nomination list. His album, African Giant, was put in the award category for the Best World Music Album.
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Is Burna Boy Nigeria's biggest artist at the moment? - on Legit TV