Steve Yegge has an interesting post up, that classifies programmers along the conservative-to-liberal axis
(which is, ironically, completely useless in classifying real people’s political feelings):
I think that my conceptual framework gives us an “out” – a way to avoid being emotional about these subjects. Casting the problem as a clash between Liberalism and Conservatism gives us the ultimate ticket for “agreeing to disagree”.
The way to avoid being emotional is to…avoid being emotional. I think that casting the problem as some unchangeable political “stance” is lazy thinking, and gives use the ultimate ticket for avoiding any real discussion. This way of thinking seems most useful in dismissing arguments one doesn’t feel like thinking too hard about.
Honestly, if you can’t have a real discussion about the pros and cons of e.g. static typing, you either have a lot to learn, or
are not a very capable developer.  If you refuse to even discuss what the benefits of explicit, yet verbose code are over implicit, but compact code, then you are either have a lot to learn or are an asshole1.
As developers, we’re blessed to work in a field full of objective truths. To avoid seeking them out under the guise of immutable
political stances is the epitome of anti-intellectualism.


Implement speaker phone function that combine 1 AC interface, 1 AS interface for speaker and 1 AS interface for microphone. More...
Modules | |
| Audio Device IDs required by driver | |
| The driver uses following fixed entity IDs, use them to define your descriptor. | |
| Audio Device Channels | |
| Audio SpeakerPhone Channel Numbers | |
| This page lists codes for USB Audio Speakerphone channel numbers. | |
| Audio SpeakerPhone Interface IDs | |
| This page lists the interface numbers for USB Audio Speakerphone device. | |
| Audio SpeakerPhone Entity IDs | |
| This page lists the entity IDs for USB Audio Speaker device. | |
Classes | |
| struct | _AUDDStream |
| Structs of USB Audio Stream Function Interface. More... | |
| struct | _AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver |
| Audio SpeakerPhone driver internal state. More... | |
| struct | _AUDDParseData |
| Parse data extention for descriptor parsing. More... | |
| struct | _AUDDXfrExt |
| Transfer callback extention. More... | |
| struct | _AUDDSpeakerPhone |
| Struct of USB Audio Speaker-phone Function, with. More... | |
| struct | _AUDHeaderDescriptor2 |
| Audio header descriptor with 2 interface. More... | |
| struct | _AUDFeatureUnitDescriptor3 |
| Feature unit descriptor with 3 channel controls (master, right, left). More... | |
| struct | _AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriverAudioControlDescriptors |
| struct | _AUDFormatTypeOneDescriptor1 |
| Format type I descriptor with one discrete sampling frequency. More... | |
| struct | _AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriverConfigurationDescriptors |
Typedefs | |
| typedef struct _AUDDStream | AUDDStream |
| Structs of USB Audio Stream Function Interface. More... | |
| typedef struct _AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver |
| Audio SpeakerPhone driver internal state. More... | |
| typedef struct _AUDDParseData | AUDDParseData |
| Parse data extention for descriptor parsing. More... | |
| typedef struct _AUDDXfrExt | AUDDXfrExt |
| Transfer callback extention. More... | |
| typedef struct _AUDDSpeakerPhone | AUDDSpeakerPhone |
| Struct of USB Audio Speaker-phone Function, with. More... | |
| typedef struct _AUDHeaderDescriptor2 | AUDHeaderDescriptor2 |
| Header descriptor with 1 interface. More... | |
| typedef struct _AUDFeatureUnitDescriptor3 | AUDFeatureUnitDescriptor3 |
| typedef struct _AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriverAudioControlDescriptors | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriverAudioControlDescriptors |
| List of descriptors for detailing the audio control interface of a device using a USB Audio Speakerphoneer driver. More... | |
| typedef struct _AUDFormatTypeOneDescriptor1 | AUDFormatTypeOneDescriptor1 |
| typedef struct _AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriverConfigurationDescriptors | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriverConfigurationDescriptors |
| Holds a list of descriptors returned as part of the configuration of a USB Audio Speakerphone device. More... | |
| typedef void(* | AUDDStreamEventCallback) (uint32_t ec, uint8_t channel, void *pArg) |
| Callback function for Audio Stream Event. More... | |
| typedef struct _AUDDStream | AUDDStream |
| Struct of USB Audio Stream Interface. More... | |
Functions | |
| static uint32_t | AUDDSpeakerPhone_Parse (USBGenericDescriptor *desc, AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver *arg) |
| Parse descriptors: Interrupt IN, Bulk EP IN/OUT. More... | |
| static void | AUDDSpeakerPhone_MuteReceived (uint32_t channel) |
| Callback triggered after the new mute status of a channel has been read by AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_SetFeatureCurrentValue. More... | |
| static void | AUDDSpeakerPhone_SetCUR (const USBGenericRequest *pReq) |
| Handle the SET_CUR request. More... | |
| static void | AUDDSpeakerPhone_GetCUR (const USBGenericRequest *pReq) |
| Handle the GET_CUR request. More... | |
| void | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_Initialize (const USBDDriverDescriptors *pDescriptors) |
| Initializes an USB audio SpeakerPhone device driver, as well as the underlying USB controller. More... | |
| void | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_ConfigurationChangeHandler (uint8_t cfgnum) |
| Invoked whenever the active configuration of device is changed by the host. More... | |
| void | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_InterfaceSettingChangedHandler (uint8_t interface, uint8_t setting) |
| Invoked whenever the active setting of an interface is changed by the host. More... | |
| void | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_RequestHandler (const USBGenericRequest *request) |
| Handles audio-specific USB requests sent by the host, and forwards standard ones to the USB device driver. More... | |
| uint8_t | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_Read (void *buffer, uint32_t length, TransferCallback callback, void *argument) |
| Reads incoming audio data sent by the USB host into the provided buffer. More... | |
| uint8_t | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_SetupWrite (void *pListInit, void *pDmaInit, uint16_t listSize, uint16_t delaySize, TransferCallback callback, void *argument) |
| Initialize Frame List for sending audio data. More... | |
| uint8_t | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_Write (void *buffer, uint16_t length) |
| Add frame buffer to audio sending list. More... | |
| WEAK void | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_MuteChanged (uint8_t mic, uint8_t channel, uint8_t muted) |
| Invoked when an audio channel get muted or unmuted. More... | |
| WEAK void | AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_StreamSettingChanged (uint8_t mic, uint8_t newSetting) |
| Invoked when an audio streaming interface setting changed. More... | |
| static uint32_t | AUDDSpeakerPhone_Parse (USBGenericDescriptor *pDesc, AUDDParseData *pArg) |
| Parse descriptors: Interface, ISO IN/OUT, Feature Unit IDs. More... | |
| static void | AUDD_MuteReceived (AUDDXfrExt *pData) |
| Callback triggered after the new mute status of a channel has been read. More... | |
| static void | AUDD_VolumeReceived (AUDDXfrExt *pData) |
| Callback triggered after the new volume status of a channel has been read. More... | |
| static AUDDStream * | AUDD_GetCtlStream (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, uint8_t bAcInterface, uint8_t bEntity, uint8_t bChannel) |
| Get Target AUDDStream for control. More... | |
| static void | AUDD_SetCUR (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, const USBGenericRequest *pReq) |
| Handle the SET_CUR request. More... | |
| static void | AUDD_GetCUR (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, const USBGenericRequest *pReq) |
| Handle the GET_CUR request. More... | |
| void | AUDDStream_Initialize (AUDDStream *pAuds, uint8_t numChannels, uint16_t wChannelVolumes[], AUDDStreamEventCallback fCallback, void *pArg) |
| Initialize AUDDStream instance. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDStream_IsRequestAccepted (AUDDStream *pAuds, const USBGenericRequest *pReq) |
| Check if the request is accepted. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDStream_ChangeMute (AUDDStream *pAuds, uint8_t bChannel, uint8_t bMute) |
| Change Stream Mute status. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDStream_SetVolume (AUDDStream *pAuds, uint8_t bChannel, uint16_t wVolume) |
| Set Stream Volume status. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDStream_Read (AUDDStream *pAuds, void *pData, uint32_t dwSize, TransferCallback fCallback, void *pArg) |
| Receives data from the host through the audio function (as speaker). More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDStream_SetupWrite (AUDDStream *pAuds, void *pListInit, void *pDmaInit, uint16_t listSize, uint16_t delaySize, TransferCallback callback, void *argument) |
| Initialize Frame List for sending audio data. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDStream_Write (AUDDStream *pAuds, void *pBuffer, uint16_t wLength) |
| Add frame buffer to audio sending list. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDStream_Close (AUDDStream *pStream) |
| Close the stream. More... | |
| void | AUDDSpeakerPhone_InitializeStream (AUDDStream *pAuds, uint8_t numChannels, uint16_t wChannelVolumes[], AUDDStreamEventCallback fCallback, void *pArg) |
| Initialize AUDDStream instance. More... | |
| void | AUDDSpeakerPhone_Initialize (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, USBDDriver *pUsbd, AUDDStream *pSpeaker, AUDDStream *pMicrophone) |
| Initialize AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. More... | |
| USBGenericDescriptor * | AUDDSpeakerPhone_ParseInterfaces (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, USBGenericDescriptor *pDescriptors, uint32_t dwLength) |
| Parse USB Audio streaming information for AUDDStream instance. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDSpeakerPhone_CloseStream (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, uint32_t bInterface) |
| Close the stream. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDSpeakerPhone_RequestHandler (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, const USBGenericRequest *pRequest) |
| Handles audio-specific USB requests sent by the host. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDSpeakerPhone_Read (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, void *pData, uint32_t dwSize, TransferCallback fCallback, void *pArg) |
| Receives data from the host through the audio function (as speaker). More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDSpeakerPhone_SetupWrite (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, void *pListInit, void *pDmaInit, uint16_t listSize, uint16_t delaySize, TransferCallback callback, void *argument) |
| Initialize Frame List for sending audio data. More... | |
| uint32_t | AUDDSpeakerPhone_Write (AUDDSpeakerPhone *pAudf, void *pBuffer, uint16_t wLength) |
| Add frame buffer to audio sending list. More... | |
Variables | |
| static AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver | auddSpeakerPhoneDriver |
| Global USB audio SpeakerPhone driver instance. More... | |
| static AUDDXfrExt | auddXfrData |
| Transfer data extension. More... | |
| uint8_t | _AUDDStream::bAcInterface |
| Audio Control Interface Number. More... | |
| uint8_t | _AUDDStream::bFeatureUnitOut |
| AudioControl Feature Unit ID for IN. More... | |
| uint8_t | _AUDDStream::bFeatureUnitIn |
| AudioControl Feature Unit ID for OUT. More... | |
| uint8_t | _AUDDStream::bAsInterface |
| Audio Streaming Interface Number. More... | |
| uint8_t | _AUDDStream::bEndpointOut |
| Streaming OUT endpoint address. More... | |
| uint8_t | _AUDDStream::bEndpointIn |
| Streaming IN endpoint address. More... | |
| uint8_t | _AUDDStream::bNumChannels |
| Number of channels (<=8) More... | |
| uint8_t | _AUDDStream::bmMute |
| Mute control bits (8b) More... | |
| uint16_t * | _AUDDStream::pwVolumes |
| Volume control data. More... | |
| AUDDStreamEventCallback | _AUDDStream::fCallback |
| Audio Streaming Events Callback. More... | |
| void * | _AUDDStream::pArg |
| Callback arguments. More... | |
| #define | AUDD_EC_MuteChanged 1 |
| usbd_audio_ec Audio Device Event codes More... | |
| #define | AUDD_EC_VolumeChanged 2 |
| Volume status changed. More... | |
Implement speaker phone function that combine 1 AC interface, 1 AS interface for speaker and 1 AS interface for microphone.
Implement speakerphone function that combine 1 AC interface, 1 AS interface for speaker and 1 AS interface for microphone.
| #define AUDD_EC_MuteChanged 1 |
usbd_audio_ec Audio Device Event codes
Mute status changed
| #define AUDD_EC_VolumeChanged 2 |
Volume status changed.
| typedef struct _AUDDParseData AUDDParseData |
Parse data extention for descriptor parsing.
| typedef struct _AUDDSpeakerPhone AUDDSpeakerPhone |
Struct of USB Audio Speaker-phone Function, with.
| typedef struct _AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver |
Audio SpeakerPhone driver internal state.
List of descriptors for detailing the audio control interface of a device using a USB Audio Speakerphoneer driver.
Holds a list of descriptors returned as part of the configuration of a USB Audio Speakerphone device.
| typedef struct _AUDDStream AUDDStream |
Structs of USB Audio Stream Function Interface.
| typedef struct _AUDDStream AUDDStream |
Struct of USB Audio Stream Interface.
Support 1 control interface, with I & O stream. Unit ID 0xFF is reserved for not implemented.
| typedef void(* AUDDStreamEventCallback) (uint32_t ec, uint8_t channel, void *pArg) |
Callback function for Audio Stream Event.
| typedef struct _AUDDXfrExt AUDDXfrExt |
Transfer callback extention.
| typedef struct _AUDFeatureUnitDescriptor3 AUDFeatureUnitDescriptor3 |
| typedef struct _AUDFormatTypeOneDescriptor1 AUDFormatTypeOneDescriptor1 |
Header descriptor with 1 interface.
|
static |
Get Target AUDDStream for control.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| bAcInterface | Interface number |
| bEntity | Entity ID |
| bChannel | Channel number |
|
static |
Handle the GET_CUR request.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| pReq | Pointer to USBGenericRequest instance. |
|
static |
Callback triggered after the new mute status of a channel has been read.
Changes the mute status of the given channel accordingly.
| pData | Pointer to AUDDXfrExt (transfer extension data). |
|
static |
Handle the SET_CUR request.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| pReq | Pointer to USBGenericRequest instance. |
|
static |
Callback triggered after the new volume status of a channel has been read.
Changes the volume status of the given channel accordingly.
| pData | Pointer to AUDDXfrExt (transfer extension data). |
| uint32_t AUDDSpeakerPhone_CloseStream | ( | AUDDSpeakerPhone * | pAudf, |
| uint32_t | bInterface | ||
| ) |
Close the stream.
All pending transfers are canceled.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| bInterface | Stream interface number |
|
static |
Handle the GET_CUR request.
| pReq | Pointer to USBGenericRequest instance. |
| void AUDDSpeakerPhone_Initialize | ( | AUDDSpeakerPhone * | pAudf, |
| USBDDriver * | pUsbd, | ||
| AUDDStream * | pSpeaker, | ||
| AUDDStream * | pMicrophone | ||
| ) |
Initialize AUDDSpeakerPhone instance.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| pUsbd | Pointer to USBDDriver instance. |
| pSpeaker | Pointer to speaker streaming interface. |
| pMicrophone | Pointer to microphone streaming interface. |
| void AUDDSpeakerPhone_InitializeStream | ( | AUDDStream * | pAuds, |
| uint8_t | numChannels, | ||
| uint16_t | wChannelVolumes[], | ||
| AUDDStreamEventCallback | fCallback, | ||
| void * | pArg | ||
| ) |
Initialize AUDDStream instance.
Note the number of channels excludes the master control, so actual volume array size should be (1 + numChannels).
| pAuds | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| numChannels | Number of channels in the stream (excluding master,<31). |
| wChannelVolumes | Data array for channel volume values, must include master (1 + numChannels). |
| fCallback | Callback function for stream control events. |
| pArg | Pointer to event handler arguments. |
|
static |
Callback triggered after the new mute status of a channel has been read by AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_SetFeatureCurrentValue.
Changes the mute status of the given channel accordingly.
| channel | Number of the channel whose mute status has changed. |
|
static |
Parse descriptors: Interface, ISO IN/OUT, Feature Unit IDs.
| desc | Pointer to descriptor list. |
| arg | Argument, pointer to AUDDParseData instance. |
|
static |
Parse descriptors: Interrupt IN, Bulk EP IN/OUT.
| desc | Pointer to descriptor. |
| arg | Argument, pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver instance. |
| USBGenericDescriptor * AUDDSpeakerPhone_ParseInterfaces | ( | AUDDSpeakerPhone * | pAudf, |
| USBGenericDescriptor * | pDescriptors, | ||
| uint32_t | dwLength | ||
| ) |
Parse USB Audio streaming information for AUDDStream instance.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| pDescriptors | Pointer to descriptor list. |
| dwLength | Descriptor list size in bytes. |
| uint32_t AUDDSpeakerPhone_Read | ( | AUDDSpeakerPhone * | pAudf, |
| void * | pData, | ||
| uint32_t | dwSize, | ||
| TransferCallback | fCallback, | ||
| void * | pArg | ||
| ) |
Receives data from the host through the audio function (as speaker).
This function behaves like USBD_Read.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| pData | Pointer to the data buffer to put received data. |
| dwSize | Size of the data buffer in bytes. |
| fCallback | Optional callback function to invoke when the transfer finishes. |
| pArg | Optional argument to the callback function. |
| uint32_t AUDDSpeakerPhone_RequestHandler | ( | AUDDSpeakerPhone * | pAudf, |
| const USBGenericRequest * | pRequest | ||
| ) |
Handles audio-specific USB requests sent by the host.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| pRequest | Pointer to a USBGenericRequest instance. |
|
static |
Handle the SET_CUR request.
| pReq | Pointer to USBGenericRequest instance. |
| uint32_t AUDDSpeakerPhone_SetupWrite | ( | AUDDSpeakerPhone * | pAudf, |
| void * | pListInit, | ||
| void * | pDmaInit, | ||
| uint16_t | listSize, | ||
| uint16_t | delaySize, | ||
| TransferCallback | callback, | ||
| void * | argument | ||
| ) |
Initialize Frame List for sending audio data.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| pListInit | Pointer to the allocated list for audio write. |
| pDmaInit | Pointer to the allocated DMA descriptors for autio write (if DMA supported). |
| listSize | Circular list size. |
| delaySize | Start transfer after delaySize frames filled in. |
| callback | Optional callback function for transfer. |
| argument | Optional callback argument. |
| uint32_t AUDDSpeakerPhone_Write | ( | AUDDSpeakerPhone * | pAudf, |
| void * | pBuffer, | ||
| uint16_t | wLength | ||
| ) |
Add frame buffer to audio sending list.
| pAudf | Pointer to AUDDSpeakerPhone instance. |
| pBuffer | Pointer to data frame to send. |
| wLength | Frame size in bytes. |
| void AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_ConfigurationChangeHandler | ( | uint8_t | cfgnum | ) |
Invoked whenever the active configuration of device is changed by the host.
| cfgnum | Configuration number. |
| void AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_Initialize | ( | const USBDDriverDescriptors * | pDescriptors | ) |
Initializes an USB audio SpeakerPhone device driver, as well as the underlying USB controller.
| void AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_InterfaceSettingChangedHandler | ( | uint8_t | interface, |
| uint8_t | setting | ||
| ) |
Invoked whenever the active setting of an interface is changed by the host.
Changes the status of the third LED accordingly.
| interface | Interface number. |
| setting | Newly active setting. |
| void AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_MuteChanged | ( | uint8_t | mic, |
| uint8_t | channel, | ||
| uint8_t | muted | ||
| ) |
Invoked when an audio channel get muted or unmuted.
Mutes/unmutes the channel at the DAC level.
| mic | Microphone/Speaker stream changed. |
| channel | Channel number that changed. |
| muted | Indicates the new mute status of the channel. |
| uint8_t AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_Read | ( | void * | buffer, |
| uint32_t | length, | ||
| TransferCallback | callback, | ||
| void * | argument | ||
| ) |
Reads incoming audio data sent by the USB host into the provided buffer.
When the transfer is complete, an optional callback function is invoked.
| buffer | Pointer to the data storage buffer. |
| length | Size of the buffer in bytes. |
| callback | Optional callback function. |
| argument | Optional argument to the callback function. |
| void AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_RequestHandler | ( | const USBGenericRequest * | request | ) |
Handles audio-specific USB requests sent by the host, and forwards standard ones to the USB device driver.
| request | Pointer to a USBGenericRequest instance. |
| uint8_t AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_SetupWrite | ( | void * | pListInit, |
| void * | pDmaInit, | ||
| uint16_t | listSize, | ||
| uint16_t | delaySize, | ||
| TransferCallback | callback, | ||
| void * | argument | ||
| ) |
Initialize Frame List for sending audio data.
| pListInit | Pointer to the allocated list for audio write. |
| pDmaInit | Pointer to the allocated DMA descriptors for autio write (if DMA supported). |
| listSize | Circular list size. |
| delaySize | Start transfer after delaySize frames filled in. |
| callback | Optional callback function for transfer. |
| argument | Optional callback argument. |
| void AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_StreamSettingChanged | ( | uint8_t | mic, |
| uint8_t | newSetting | ||
| ) |
Invoked when an audio streaming interface setting changed.
Actually control streaming rate.
| mic | Microphone/Speaker stream changed. |
| newSetting | New stream (interface) setting. |
| uint8_t AUDDSpeakerPhoneDriver_Write | ( | void * | buffer, |
| uint16_t | length | ||
| ) |
Add frame buffer to audio sending list.
Pointer to data frame to send. Frame size in bytes.
| uint32_t AUDDStream_ChangeMute | ( | AUDDStream * | pAuds, |
| uint8_t | bChannel, | ||
| uint8_t | bMute | ||
| ) |
Change Stream Mute status.
| pAuds | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| bChannel | Channel number. |
| bmMute | 1 to mute, 0 to unmute. |
| uint32_t AUDDStream_Close | ( | AUDDStream * | pStream | ) |
Close the stream.
All pending transfers are canceled.
| pStream | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| void AUDDStream_Initialize | ( | AUDDStream * | pAuds, |
| uint8_t | numChannels, | ||
| uint16_t | wChannelVolumes[], | ||
| AUDDStreamEventCallback | fCallback, | ||
| void * | pArg | ||
| ) |
Initialize AUDDStream instance.
Note the number of channels excludes the master control, so actual volume array size should be (1 + numChannels).
| pAuds | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| numChannels | Number of channels in the stream (<31). |
| wChannelVolumes | Data array for channel volume values. |
| fCallback | Callback function for stream events. |
| pArg | Pointer to event handler arguments. |
| uint32_t AUDDStream_IsRequestAccepted | ( | AUDDStream * | pAuds, |
| const USBGenericRequest * | pReq | ||
| ) |
Check if the request is accepted.
| pAuds | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| pReq | Pointer to a USBGenericRequest instance. |
| uint32_t AUDDStream_Read | ( | AUDDStream * | pAuds, |
| void * | pData, | ||
| uint32_t | dwSize, | ||
| TransferCallback | fCallback, | ||
| void * | pArg | ||
| ) |
Receives data from the host through the audio function (as speaker).
This function behaves like USBD_Read.
| pAuds | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| pData | Pointer to the data buffer to put received data. |
| dwSize | Size of the data buffer in bytes. |
| fCallback | Optional callback function to invoke when the transfer finishes. |
| pArg | Optional argument to the callback function. |
| uint32_t AUDDStream_SetupWrite | ( | AUDDStream * | pAuds, |
| void * | pListInit, | ||
| void * | pDmaInit, | ||
| uint16_t | listSize, | ||
| uint16_t | delaySize, | ||
| TransferCallback | callback, | ||
| void * | argument | ||
| ) |
Initialize Frame List for sending audio data.
| pAuds | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| pListInit | Pointer to the allocated list for audio write. |
| pDmaInit | Pointer to the allocated DMA descriptors for autio write (if DMA supported). |
| listSize | Circular list size. |
| delaySize | Start transfer after delaySize frames filled in. |
| callback | Optional callback function for transfer. |
| argument | Optional callback argument. |
| uint32_t AUDDStream_SetVolume | ( | AUDDStream * | pAuds, |
| uint8_t | bChannel, | ||
| uint16_t | wVolume | ||
| ) |
Set Stream Volume status.
| pAuds | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| bChannel | Channel number. |
| wVolume | New volume value. |
| uint32_t AUDDStream_Write | ( | AUDDStream * | pAuds, |
| void * | pBuffer, | ||
| uint16_t | wLength | ||
| ) |
Add frame buffer to audio sending list.
| pAuds | Pointer to AUDDStream instance. |
| pBuffer | Pointer to data frame to send. |
| wLength | Frame size in bytes. |
|
static |
Global USB audio SpeakerPhone driver instance.
|
static |
Transfer data extension.
| uint8_t _AUDDStream::bAcInterface |
Audio Control Interface Number.
AudioControl Interface number.
| uint8_t _AUDDStream::bAsInterface |
Audio Streaming Interface Number.
AudioStreaming Interface number.
| uint8_t _AUDDStream::bEndpointIn |
Streaming IN endpoint address.
| uint8_t _AUDDStream::bEndpointOut |
Streaming OUT endpoint address.
| uint8_t _AUDDStream::bFeatureUnitIn |
AudioControl Feature Unit ID for OUT.
| uint8_t _AUDDStream::bFeatureUnitOut |
AudioControl Feature Unit ID for IN.
| uint8_t _AUDDStream::bmMute |
Mute control bits (8b)
| uint8_t _AUDDStream::bNumChannels |
Number of channels (<=8)
| AUDDStreamEventCallback _AUDDStream::fCallback |
Audio Streaming Events Callback.
| void* _AUDDStream::pArg |
Callback arguments.
| uint16_t* _AUDDStream::pwVolumes |
Volume control data.


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| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
public interface TxnObject
The interface each transactional object needs to implement.
A TxnObject is an object where all reads/writes are managed through a Txn
(unless an atomic
method is used).
Each TxnObject belongs to 1 Stm
instance.
All methods are threadsafe.
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
String |
atomicToString()
Returns a String representation of the object using the provided transaction without looking at a TxnThreadLocal . |
void |
ensure()
Does an ensure. |
void |
ensure(Txn self)
Does an ensure. |
Lock |
getLock()
Gets the Lock that belongs to this TxnObject. |
Stm |
getStm()
Returns the Stm this TxnObject is part of. |
long |
getVersion()
Returns the current version of the transactional object. |
String |
toDebugString()
Returns a debug representation of the TxnObject. |
String |
toString()
Returns a String representation of the Object using the Txn on the TxnThreadLocal . |
String |
toString(Txn txn)
Returns a String representation of the object using the provided Txn . |
| Method Detail |
|---|
Stm getStm()
Stm
this TxnObject is part of. Once a TxnObject is created using some
Stm, it will never become part of another Stm.
Lock getLock()
Lock
that belongs to this TxnObject. This call doesn't cause any locking, it
only provides access to the object that is able to lock. The returned value will never be null.
This call also doesn't rely on a Txn
.
UnsupportedOperationException
- if this operation is not supported.long getVersion()
This method doesn't look at the TxnThreadLocal
.
void ensure()
IsolationLevel
for more detail about the writeskew problem}
This can safely be called on an TxnObject that already is locked, although it doesn't provide much value since with a locked TxnObject, since the writeskew problem can't occur anymore because it can't be changed.
Unlike the Lock.acquire(LockMode)
which is pessimistic, ensure is optimistic. This means that a conflict
can be detected once the transaction commits.
This method has no effect if the Txn
is readonly, because a writeskew is not possible with a
readonly transaction.
This call lifts on the Txn
stored in the TxnThreadLocal
.
TxnExecutionException
ControlFlowError
ensure(Txn)
void ensure(Txn self)
IsolationLevel
for more detail about the writeskew problem}
This can safely be called on an TxnObject that already is locked, although it doesn't provide much value since with a locked TxnObject, since the writeskew problem can't occur anymore because it can't be changed.
Unlike the Lock.acquire(LockMode)
which is pessimistic, ensure is optimistic. This means that a conflict
can be detected once the transaction commits.
This method has no effect if the Txn
is readonly, because a writeskew is not possible with a
readonly transaction.
self
- the Txn this call lifts on.
NullPointerException
- if self is null.
TxnExecutionException
ControlFlowError
ensure()
String toDebugString()
String toString()
Txn
on the TxnThreadLocal
.
toString
in class Object
TxnExecutionException
ControlFlowError
String toString(Txn txn)
Txn
.
txn
- the Txn used.
NullPointerException
- if tx is null.
ControlFlowError
String atomicToString()
TxnThreadLocal
. The outputted value doesn't need to be consistent from some point
in time, only a best effort is made.
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A class is an expanded concept of a data structure: instead of holding only data, it can hold both data and
functions.
An object is an instantiation of a class. In terms of variables, a class would be the type, and an object would be the
variable.
Classes are generally declared using the keyword class, with the following format:
class class_name { access_specifier_1: member1; access_specifier_2: member2; ... } object_names;
Where class_name is a valid identifier for the class, object_names is an optional list of names for objects of this
class. The body of the declaration can contain members, that can be either data or function declarations, and
optionally access specifiers.
All is very similar to the declaration on data structures, except that we can now include also functions and
members, but also this new thing called access specifier. An access specifier is one of the following three
keywords: private, public or protected. These specifiers modify the access rights that the members following
them acquire:
For example:
class CRectangle { int x, y; public: void set_values (int,int); int area (void); } rect;
complete example of class CRectangle:
// classes example #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CRectangle { int x, y; public: void set_values (int,int); int area () {return (x*y);} }; void CRectangle::set_values (int a, int b) { x = a; y = b; } int main () { CRectangle rect; rect.set_values (3,4); cout << "area: " << rect.area(); return 0; }
output:
area: 12
One of the greater advantages of a class is that, as any other type, we can declare several objects of it. For example, following with the previous example of class CRectangle, we could have declared the object rectb in addition to the object rect:
// example: one class, two objects #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CRectangle { int x, y; public: void set_values (int,int); int area () {return (x*y);} }; void CRectangle::set_values (int a, int b) { x = a; y = b; } int main () { CRectangle rect, rectb; rect.set_values (3,4); rectb.set_values (5,6); cout << "rect area: " << rect.area() << endl; cout << "rectb area: " << rectb.area() << endl; return 0; }
output:
rect area: 12 rectb area: 30
Objects generally need to initialize variables or assign dynamic memory during their process of creation to become
operative and to avoid returning unexpected values during their execution.
to implement CRectangle including a constructor:
// example: class constructor #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CRectangle { int width, height; public: CRectangle (int,int); int area () {return (width*height);} }; CRectangle::CRectangle (int a, int b) { width = a; height = b; } int main () { CRectangle rect (3,4); CRectangle rectb (5,6); cout << "rect area: " << rect.area() << endl; cout << "rectb area: " << rectb.area() << endl; return 0; }
output:
rect area: 12 rectb area: 30
Like any other function, a constructor can also be overloaded with more than one function that have the same name but different types or number of parameters. Remember that for overloaded functions the compiler will call the one whose parameters match the arguments used in the function call. In the case of constructors, which are automatically called when an object is created, the one executed is the one that matches the arguments passed on the object declaration:
// overloading class constructors #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CRectangle { int width, height; public: CRectangle (); CRectangle (int,int); int area (void) {return (width*height);} }; CRectangle::CRectangle () { width = 5; height = 5; } CRectangle::CRectangle (int a, int b) { width = a; height = b; } int main () { CRectangle rect (3,4); CRectangle rectb; cout << "rect area: " << rect.area() << endl; cout << "rectb area: " << rectb.area() << endl; return 0; }
output:
rect area: 12 rectb area: 25
Notice how if we declare a new object and we want to use its default constructor (the one without parameters), we do not include parentheses ():
CRectangle rectb; // right CRectangle rectb(); // wrong!
If you do not declare any constructors in a class definition, the compiler assumes the class to have a default constructor with no arguments. Therefore, after declaring a class like this one:
class CExample { public: int a,b,c; void multiply (int n, int m) { a=n; b=m; c=a*b; }; };
The compiler assumes that CExample has a default constructor, so you can declare objects of this class by simply declaring them without any arguments:
CExample ex;
But as soon as you declare your own constructor for a class, the compiler no longer provides an implicit default constructor. So you have to declare all objects of that class according to the constructor prototypes you defined for the class:
class CExample { public: int a,b,c; CExample (int n, int m) { a=n; b=m; }; void multiply () { c=a*b; }; };
Here we have declared a constructor that takes two parameters of type int. Therefore the following object declaration would be correct:
CExample ex (2,3);
But,
CExample ex;
Would not be correct, since we have declared the class to have an explicit constructor, thus replacing the default
constructor.
But the compiler not only creates a default constructor for you if you do not specify your own. It provides three
special member functions in total that are implicitly declared if you do not declare your own. These are the copy
constructor, the copy assignment operator, and the default destructor.
The copy constructor and the copy assignment operator copy all the data contained in another object to the data
members of the current object. For CExample, the copy constructor implicitly declared by the compiler would be
something similar to:
CExample::CExample (const CExample& rv) { a=rv.a; b=rv.b; c=rv.c; }
Therefore, the two following object declarations would be correct:
CExample ex (2,3); CExample ex2 (ex); // copy constructor (data copied from ex)
It is perfectly valid to create pointers that point to classes. We simply have to consider that once declared, a class becomes a valid type, so we can use the class name as the type for the pointer. For example:
CRectangle * prect;
is a pointer to an object of class CRectangle.
As it happened with data structures, in order to refer directly to a member of an object pointed by a pointer we can
use the arrow operator (->) of indirection. Here is an example with some possible combinations:
// pointer to classes example #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CRectangle { int width, height; public: void set_values (int, int); int area (void) {return (width * height);} }; void CRectangle::set_values (int a, int b) { width = a; height = b; } int main () { CRectangle a, *b, *c; CRectangle * d = new CRectangle[2]; b= new CRectangle; c= &a; a.set_values (1,2); b->set_values (3,4); d->set_values (5,6); d[1].set_values (7,8); cout << "a area: " << a.area() << endl; cout << "*b area: " << b->area() << endl; cout << "*c area: " << c->area() << endl; cout << "d[0] area: " << d[0].area() << endl; cout << "d[1] area: " << d[1].area() << endl; delete[] d; delete b; return 0; }
output:
a area: 2 *b area: 12 *c area: 2 d[0] area: 30 d[1] area: 56
Classes can be defined not only with keyword class, but also with keywords struct and union.
The concepts of class and data structure are so similar that both keywords (struct and class) can be used in C++
to declare classes (i.e. structs can also have function members in C++, not only data members). The only
difference between both is that members of classes declared with the keyword struct have public access by
default, while members of classes declared with the keyword class have private access. For all other purposes
both keywords are equivalent.
The concept of unions is different from that of classes declared with struct and class, since unions only store one
data member at a time, but nevertheless they are also classes and can thus also hold function members. The
default access in union classes is public.
C++ incorporates the option to use standard operators to perform operations with classes in addition to with fundamental types. For example:
int a, b, c; a = b + c;
This is obviously valid code in C++, since the different variables of the addition are all fundamental types. Nevertheless, it is not so obvious that we could perform an operation similar to the following one:
struct { string product; float price; } a, b, c; a = b + c;
In fact, this will cause a compilation error, since we have not defined the behavior our class should have with
addition operations.
Here is a list of all the operators that can be overloaded:
| + | - | * | / | < | > | ~ | &= |
| += | -= | *= | /= | << | >> | ^= | |= |
| ++ | -- | <= | >= | <<= | >>= | && | || |
| new | delete | new[] | delete[] | [] | () | %= | , |
To overload an operator in order to use it with classes we declare operator functions, which are regular functions whose names are the operator keyword followed by the operator sign that we want to overload. The format is:
type operator sign (parameters) { /*...*/ }
Here you have an example that overloads the addition operator (+).
// vectors: overloading operators example #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CVector { public: int x,y; CVector () {}; CVector (int,int); CVector operator + (CVector); }; CVector::CVector (int a, int b) { x = a; y = b; } CVector CVector::operator+ (CVector param) { CVector temp; temp.x = x + param.x; temp.y = y + param.y; return (temp); } int main () { CVector a (3,1); CVector b (1,2); CVector c; c = a + b; cout << c.x << "," << c.y; return 0; }
output:
4,3
It may be a little confusing to see so many times the CVector identifier. But, consider that some of them refer to the class name (type) CVector and some others are functions with that name (constructors must have the same name as the class). Do not confuse them:
CVector (int, int); // function name CVector (constructor) CVector operator+ (CVector); // function returns a CVector
The keyword this represents a pointer to the object whose member function is being executed. It is a pointer to
the object itself.
One of its uses can be to check if a parameter passed to a member function is the object itself. For example,
// this #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CDummy { public: int isitme (CDummy& param); }; int CDummy::isitme (CDummy& param) { if (¶m == this) return true; else return false; } int main () { CDummy a; CDummy* b = &a; if ( b->isitme(a) ) cout << "yes, &a is b"; return 0; }
output:
yes, &a is b
A class can contain static members, either data or functions.
Static data members of a class are also known as "class variables", because there is only one unique value for all
the objects of that same class. Their content is not different from one object of this class to another.
For example, it may be used for a variable within a class that can contain a counter with the number of objects of
that class that are currently allocated, as in the following example:
// static members in classes #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CDummy { public: static int n; CDummy () { n++; }; ~CDummy () { n--; }; }; int CDummy::n=0; int main () { CDummy a; CDummy b[5]; CDummy * c = new CDummy; cout << a.n << endl; delete c; cout << CDummy::n << endl; return 0; }
output:
7 6


#include <ex10.h>
Public Attributes | |
| long long int | number_of_nodes |
| long long int | number_of_edges |
| long long int | count |
| long long int | sum |
| long long int * | number_of_neighbours |
| long long int * | index_of_first_neighbour |
| long long int * | sorted_heads |
| long long int * | sorted_weights |
| long long int * | tail |
| long long int * | head |
| long long int * | edge_weight |
| long long int * | tree_pred |
| long long int * | predecessor |
| long long int * | distance |
the graphs attributes
| long long int graph::count |
number of terminals added to subtree
| long long int* graph::distance |
the distance of each vertex from source
| long long int* graph::edge_weight |
the weight corresponding to each edge
| long long int* graph::head |
the head corresponding to each edge
| long long int* graph::index_of_first_neighbour |
index of first neighbour for each vertex
| long long int graph::number_of_edges |
number of edges in the graph
| long long int* graph::number_of_neighbours |
number of neighbours for each vertex
| long long int graph::number_of_nodes |
number of vertices in the graph
| long long int* graph::predecessor |
the predecessor of each vertex in shortest path tree
| long long int* graph::sorted_heads |
heads of each edge sorded by vertex
| long long int* graph::sorted_weights |
weights of each edge sorded by vertex
| long long int graph::sum |
sum of weights in subtree
| long long int* graph::tail |
the tail corresponding to each edge
| long long int* graph::tree_pred |
the predecessor of each vertex in steiner tree


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| Interface Summary | |
|---|---|
| Tag.ResourceType | Describes the well-known resource types that can be tagged. |
| Enum Summary | |
|---|---|
| Attachment.Status | |
| Hypervisor | Hypervisor of the image. |
| Image.Architecture | |
| Image.ImageState | |
| Image.ImageType | |
| ImageAttribute | An attribute of an AMI. |
| InstanceState | The current state of the instance.. |
| RootDeviceType | The root device type used by the AMI. |
| Snapshot.Status | |
| Subnet.State | |
| VirtualizationType | Virtualization type of the image. |
| Volume.InstanceInitiatedShutdownBehavior | Specifies whether the instance's Amazon EBS volumes are stopped or terminated when the instance is shut down. |
| Volume.Status |
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To serve, drizzle raspberry preserves over each waffle, and top with rasy. if whipped cream to each waffle.
Red Wine and Mint Soufflé
Apparently we had reached a great height in the atmosphere, for the
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To serve, drizzle raspberry preserves over each waffle, and top with raspbrries . if whipped cream to each waffle.
Red Wine and Mint Soufflé
Apparently we had reached a great height in the atmosphere, for
the
sky was
32 like
8 comment
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Coordel is about allowing you do the work you do best, with the people who complement you most. Coordel automatically keeps a list of past and present team members and the feedback they have received.
You can use your "People" list to easily invite others into a Coord. As your People list grows, it becomes your go-to place to find people with the skills you need for a specific Coord you are working on.
When you are invited to a Coord, everyone involved is added to your People list, if they aren’t already there. Click on a person’s name in your People list to view tasks within Coords you both have in common.
You will also have access to their e-mail address, phone number and Skype details if they have provided them. You can manage your own personal information in your "Preferences" pane.
If a person has received Feedback from others, you will see a number in the shield to the left of their name indicating their average rating. Any positive feedback they have received will also be listed.


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I *think* this is a BBLog feature since I don't see it when I log in to BL from a computer w/o the plugin, but if not, then I apologize in advance..
From the Multiplayer drop-down menu along the top of BL, there is an entry in there for 'Favorites' so that you can go directly to your favorite servers without have to go to Browse first.
It appears in the last BL update, DICE changed this link on BL and now the menu item doesn't work anymore. When you click on it, BL takes you to a 'Sorry that page does not exist. Try going back, etc., etc.'
When I click on the normal Favorites link, the URL appears to be:
Might be fixed for him but it's still broken for me
Ok well a refresh of the page fixed it, so either this just now started happening and y'all did a hotfix or something else is going on
Wolf68k
Bumping old topic instead of making a new one.
This bug is back. Not sure if it's BBL or EA causing it.
Doesn't matter if I fresh the page or switch pages. Some times it adds the /pc/ and sometimes it doesn't. It also doesn't matter what page it's on. I just happened to be on the weapons page when I took the screen shot.
http://i.imgur.com/sMZDHEP.png
Post edited 2 x times, last by
Meaurk
Global Moderator
Meaurk
Global Moderator
Reopened the thread, bug's trying to be the Terminator.
Is it a Battlelog bug, or Better Battlelog?
BrainFooLong
Administrator
Meaurk wrote:
Reopened the thread, bug's trying to be the Terminator.
Is it a Battlelog bug, or Better Battlelog?
BBLog issue, but currently not figured out how this bug can happen.


abroot
ABRoot utility provides full immutability and atomicity by transacting between 2 root partition states (A⟺B).
It also allows on-demand transactions via a transactional shell.
More information: home page
- Output the current or future root partition state:
sudo abroot get present|future
- Enter the transactional shell in the future root partition and switch root on the next boot:
sudo abroot shell
- Execute a specific command in the transactional shell in the future root partition and switch to it on the next boot:
sudo abroot exec "command"
- Install specific packages in the host inside the transactional shell in the future root partition and switch to it on the next boot:
sudo abroot exec apt install package1 package2 ...
- Update the boot partition (for advanced users only):
sudo abroot _update-boot
- Display help:
abroot --help
- Display version:
abroot --version


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The top four scorers received medals as all-stars:
Andrew Yaphe, Chicago A 95.6 PPG Jeff Stewart, Princeton 59.4 PPG Dave Goodman, Michigan 55.6 PPG Tim Young, George Washington 53.8 PPGAnd the final team results (O= Obinna bracket; E= Ekezie bracket):
Rank Team Prelim P-Offs Final Record 1 Chicago A 8-0 (O) 4-0 12-0 2 South Carolina 8-0 (E) 1-3 9-3 (beat MD) 3 Maryland A 6-2 (E) 3-1 9-3 4 Michigan 6-2 (E) 2-2 8-4 (beat V-Tech) 5 Virginia Tech 6-2 (O) 2-2 8-4 6 Harvard 5-3 (O) 2-2 7-5 7 Princeton 5-3 (O) 1-3 6-6 8 Penn State 4-4 (E) 1-3 5-7 --------------------------------------------------------------- 9 Pitt Mafia* 3-5 (O) 4-0 7-5 (beat GW and GT) 10 Geo. Wash. 4-4 (E) 3-1 7-5 (beat G-Tech) 11 Georgia Tech 4-4 (O) 3-1 7-5 12 Columbia A 4-4 (O) 2-2 6-6 13 Chicago B 3-5 (E) 2-2 5-7 (beat Penn A) 14 Penn A 3-5 (E) 2-2 5-7 15 Columbia B 2-6 (E) 2-2 4-8 16 Georgia State** 0-8 (E) 2-2 2-10 17 Penn B 1-7 (O) 0-4 1-11 18 Virginia 0-8 (O) 0-4 0-12*The Pitt Mafia was composed of Dwight Kidder, Mike McElroy from Carnegie-Mellon, and a player from Pitt (sorry I do not know your name).
**Georgia State left at lunch time, after the prelims, so Maryland fielded a second house team to take their place.
All ties were broken by head-to-head. The top four teams in each prelim bracket made the top playoff bracket, where they squared off against the opposite four teams. The rest were placed in a consolation bracket, where teams played 4 out of 5 teams from the opposite bracket (a system done similarly to AFC-NFC regular season interconference schedules, if anyone understands what I'm talking about).
Player Team TU Int PPG Ratio Andrew Chicago A 80 7 95.6 11.43 Jeff Princeton 54 13 59.4 4.15 Dwight Pitt Mafia 39 5 45.6 7.80 Bill Columbia A 37 2 45.0 18.50 Guy Harvard 36 8 40.0 4.50 Hing Georgia Tech 30 5 34.4 6.00 Jason Virginia Tech 23 2 27.5 11.50 Joon Harvard 21 4 23.8 5.25 Ben Columbia A 20 3 23.1 6.67 Eliot Virginia Tech 20 5 21.9 4.00 Kevin Georgia Tech 20 6 21.2 3.33 Kathy Penn B 17 1 20.6 17.00 McElroy Pitt Mafia 17 5 18.1 3.40 Roger Virginia Tech 16 4 17.5 4.00 Fabio Harvard 16 4 17.5 4.00 Jeremy Princeton 15 3 16.9 5.00 Mike Chicago A 11 2 12.5 5.50 Minh Virginia 9 1 10.6 9.00 Dennis Virginia Tech 9 2 10.0 4.50 Joe Penn B 9 2 10.0 4.50 Seekay Virginia 12 11 8.1 1.09 Sarah Chicago A 7 2 7.5 3.50 Faith Princeton 6 1 6.9 6.00 Marino Penn B 6 2 6.2 3.00 Andrew Columbia A 5 1 5.6 5.00 Dan Georgia Tech 5 1 5.6 5.00 Kelly Penn B 5 2 5.0 2.50 Jason Georgia Tech 4 0 5.0 Infinite Eric Pitt Mafia 6 4 5.0 1.50 Jeff Columbia A 4 1 4.4 4.00 Rob Chicago A 4 1 4.4 4.00 Matt Virginia 2 3 0.6 0.67 Katie Virginia 3 5 0.6 0.60
Player Team TU Int PPG Ratio Dave Michigan 49 9 55.6 5.44 Tim Geo. Wash. 45 4 53.8 11.25 T.C. South Carolina 44 10 48.8 4.40 Ice Penn State 45 15 46.9 3.00 Ben C. Columbia B 37 3 44.4 12.33 Haggai Michigan 32 0 40.0 Scary Adam South Carolina 32 5 36.9 6.40 Samer Penn A 29 4 33.8 7.25 Mike Maryland 27 4 31.2 6.75 Zeke Maryland 27 4 31.2 6.75 John Maryland 28 7 30.6 4.00 Al Georgia State 21 5 23.1 4.20 Alice Chicago B 21 9 20.6 2.33 Chris Penn A 16 2 18.8 8.00 Jeff Geo. Wash. 16 4 17.5 4.00 Christine (4) Maryland 6 1 13.8 6.00 John Chicago B 12 3 13.1 4.00 Jason Penn A 12 3 13.1 4.00 Philip South Carolina 11 1 13.1 11.00 Bryan Chicago B 10 2 11.2 5.00 Matthew Chicago B 10 3 10.6 3.33 Maria (3) Columbia B 3 0 10.0 Infinite Edmund (7) Geo. Wash. 7 2 8.6 3.50 Zero Penn State 8 4 7.5 2.00 Nissim Columbia B 6 0 7.5 Infinite Afrika (4) Penn State 2 0 5.0 Infinite Ed Michigan 4 1 4.4 4.00 Chris Georgia State 5 3 4.4 1.67 Pink Squirrel (6) Penn State 3 1 4.2 3.00 Daniel (4) South Carolina 2 1 3.8 2.00 = (6) Penn State 2 0 3.3 Infinite Mario Penn A 3 1 3.1 3.00 Justin Columbia B 3 1 3.1 3.00 Martin (4) South Carolina 2 2 2.5 1.00 Elizabeth Georgia State 1 0 1.2 Infinite Rick (4) Geo. Wash. 0 0 0.0 IndeterminateThanks again to everyone who attended!


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This library adds an overview map to a Google map.
For a description and examples of how to use this library, check out the how-to.


Advancing the Business of Creativity
California’s Community College and High School students taking media-related courses
Original, creative work produced between January 1 and December 31, 2019
A pre-selection panel of educators from California Community Colleges and a final jury of professionals working in fields appropriate to each category will select award winners.
All entrants will be notified of the judging results, and will be invited to attend the multi-site showcase event on April 23, 2019 where award recipients will be recognized. Check the Media Arts website (below) for showcase site details.
All entry information about entry forms, acceptable entries, formats, and rules is available at the Media Arts Competition website.


Note: This documentation is preliminary and subject to change.
This document describes a process that can be used to create tiled image pyramids to be used with WorldWide Telescope. A sample implementation of the interfaces and methods is included, and if your source data matches this closely then the sample code provided should work in full or in part for the task. If there are significant differences between the source data used in the samples and the source data you have, then this document should be used to describe a template for implementing the appropriate interfaces and methods.
To run the SDK ensure your system meets the hardware requirements and the necessary software is installed, described in the Getting Started section.
To install the SDK run the MSI package. This will install the source code, samples, documentation, and the SDK libraries, by default to the following location:
%Program Files%\Microsoft Research\WorldWide Telescope SDK\Tile Pyramid SDK
Note that under Source Code there are three folders; Core containing the interfaces and classes described below, Samples containing the sample projects, and TileGenerator containing the Visual Studio project for the tile generator tool.
The input for visualization is a dataset (typically in the form of an image, but could for example be a list of X,Y,Z values) that contains a specific value (depth, elevation or any other magnitude value) for different pairs of latitude and longitude.
The output is a WorldWide Telescope Collection which is a pyramid of images. The lowest level of this pyramid is the one at the maximum supported level of zoom. The upper levels correspond to the lower levels of zoom. The process of converting the input into a collection requires the following steps:
The Tile Pyramid SDK requires that the following interfaces are implemented.
Interface | Description |
| IColorMap | Used to retrieve color data. |
| IDemPlateFileGenerator | Used to generate plate files for DEM tiles (plate files are single files containing all or part of a tile pyramid for easy copying, sharing and backup). |
| IDemTileSerializer | Used to serialize and deserialize (save and load) DEM data. |
| IElevationMap | Used to retrieve elevation data. |
| IGrid | Used to read source data into a source grid which can be accessed using UV or XY co-ordinates. |
| IImageTileSerializer | Used to serialize and deserialize (save and load) image data. |
| IPlateFileGenerator | Used to generate plate files for image tiles (plate files are single files containing all or part of a tile pyramid for easy copying, sharing and backup). |
| IProjectionGridMap | Used to query the data grid based on the projection. |
| ITileCreator | Used to build the tile pyramids. |
The following are the core classes of the SDK, and source code is provided for all of them. They are encapsulated in the Sdk.Core project.
Class | Description |
| Boundary | Defines a bounding rectangle. |
| Constants | Defines a range of global constants. |
| DataColorMap | Implements IColorMap, to generate color pixels corresponding to latitude and longitude from the source grid. |
| DataGrid | Implements IGrid, providing a two dimensional array of data. |
| DemPlateFileGenerator | Implements IDemPlateFileGenerator, to produce a single file containing all the DEM data tiles. |
| DemTileSerializer | Implements IDemTileSerializer to save and load DEM tiles on the file system. |
| Enums | Defines the global enumerations. |
| EquirectangularGridMap | Implements IProjectionGridMap, using equirectangular projection. |
| Helper | Defines a few utility methods related to unit conversions. |
| ImageColorMap | Implements IColorMap, and references IProjectionGridMap.. |
| ImageGrid | Implements IGrid, providing a two dimensional array of image data. |
| ImageTileSerializer | Implements IImageTileSerializer to save and load image tiles on file system. |
| MercatorDemTileCreator | Implements ITileCreator to create Mercator DEM tiles. Refer also to Appendix I: DEM Tile Data. |
| MercatorTileCreator | Implements ITileCreator to create Mercator image tiles. |
| MultipleDemPlateFileGenerator | Implements IDemPlateFileGenerator, to produce multiple DEM plate files containing DEM data tiles. |
| MercatorPlateFileDetails | Used to calculate and store the details of multiple plate files. |
| MultiplePlateFileGenerator | Implements IPlateFileGenerator to produce multiple plate files containing image tiles. |
| MultiTileCreator | Implements ITileCreator for different tile creator instances. |
| OctTileMap | Defines an octahedral tile map. |
| PlateFile | Defines utility methods for plate file operations. |
| PlateFileGenerator | Implements IPlateFileGenerator, used to create plate files. |
| PlateFileHelper | Defines a range of utility methods for plate files. |
| Tile | Simple class holding tile coordinates. |
| TileChopper | Implements ITileCreator to create image tiles without changing the projection. |
| TileCreatorFactory | Creates an image or DEM tile creator instance for the specified projection type. |
| TileGenerator | This class contains the main control/workflow code for the tile generation process. |
| TileHelper | Defines a range of utility methods for tiles and bitmaps. |
| ToastDemTileCreator | Implements ITileCreator to create Toast DEM tiles. Refer also to Appendix I: DEM Tile Data. |
| ToastHelper | Helper class, in particular working with Toast coordinates. |
| ToastTileCreator | Implements ITileCreator to create Toast image tiles. |
| WtmlCollection | Defines a new Wtml collection, a WorldWide Telescope data file. |
The IColorMap interface is used to retrieve color data, and exposes the following methods. It does not inherit from another interface.
Method | Description |
| GetColor | Retrieves the color corresponding to a longitude and latitude. |
The GetColor method retrieves the color corresponding to a longitude and latitude.
Color GetColor(
double longitude,
double latitude
);
The method returns a Color object, containing the color of the pixel at the given latitude and longitude.
Typically the color returned comes from the source image. Note the order of the parameters, longitude first.
The IDemPlateFileGenerator interface is used to generate plate files for DEM tiles (plate files are single files containing all or part of a tile pyramid for easy copying, sharing and backup). It does not inherit from another interface.
Method | Description |
| CreateFromDemTile | Used to create a plate file from a DEM tile pyramid. |
Property |
Type |
Get/Set | Description |
| TilesProcessed | long | Get only. | Number of tiles for the level that have been processed. |
The CreateFromDemTile method is used to create a plate file from a DEM tile pyramid.
void CreateFromDemTile(
IDemTileSerializer serializer
);
The method does not returns a value.
None.
The IDemTileSerializer interface is used to serialize and deserialize (save and load) DEM data, and exposes the following methods. It does not inherit from another interface.
Method | Description |
| Deserialize | Deserializes a binary object from the file system. |
| Serialize | Serializes the binary file to the file system. |
The Deserialize method deserializes (loads) a DEM tile from the file system.
short[] Deserialize(
int level,
int tileX,
int tileY
);
The method returns an array of short values, containing the binary data.
The size of a DEM tile is fixed depending on the projection, refer to the remarks for Serialize.
The Serialize method serializes (saves) the DEM tile to the file system.
void Serialize(
short[] tile,
int level,
int tileX,
int tileY
);
The method does not return a value.
The size of a DEM tile is fixed depending on the projection, for Mercator it is 1089 values (33 rows of 33), organized by rows. Refer to the MercatorDemTileCreator class.
For Toast it is 513 values, these values are not in a perfect grid. Refer to the static tables listed first in the ToastDemTileCreator class.
The IElevationMap interface is used to retrieve elevation data, and exposes the following methods. It does not inherit from another interface.
Method | Description |
| GetElevation | Retrieves the elevation corresponding to the longitude and latitude. |
This interface is implemented in the ShadedReliefColorMap class in the SpecificRegionDataSet sample.
The GetElevation method retrieves the elevation corresponding to the longitude and latitude.
short GetElevation(
double longitude,
double latitude
);
The method returns a short, containing the elevation value.
Note the order of the parameters, longitude first.
The IGrid interface is used to read source data into a source grid which can be accessed using UV or XY co-ordinates. It does not inherit from another interface.
Method | Description |
| GetValue | Retrieves the value contained at the specified coordinate. |
| GetValueAt | Retrieves the value contained at the specified pixel location. |
| GetXIndex | Retrieves the X pixel index for the given coordinate. |
| GetYIndex | Retrieves the Y pixel index for the given coordinate. |
Property |
Type |
Get/Set | Description |
| Height | int | Get/Set | Height of the grid. |
| Width | int | Get only | Width of the grid. |
The GetValue method retrieves the value contained at the specified coordinate.
double GetValue(
double u,
double v
);
The method returns a double, containing the value for the given coordinate.
UV coordinates are floating point in the range 0 to 1. The top left hand corner of the map is 0,0.
The GetValueAt method retrieves the value contained at the specified pixel location.
double GetValueAt(
int i,
int j
);
The method returns a double, containing the value.
These coordinates are in pixels, from 0 to the full width or height of the map. The top left hand corner of the map is 0,0.
The GetXIndex method retrieves the X pixel index for the given u coordinate.
int GetXIndex(
double u
);
The method returns an int, containing the X pixel value for the given coordinate.
The U coordinate is in the range 0 to 1.
The GetYIndex method retrieves the Y pixel index for the given V coordinate.
int GetYIndex(
double v
);
The method returns an int, containing the Y pixel value for the given coordinate.
The V coordinate is in the range 0 to 1.
The IImageTileSerializer interface is used to serialize and deserialize (save and load) image data, and exposes the following methods.
Method | Description |
| Deserialize | Deserializes an image from the file system. |
| Serialize | Serializes the image to the file system. |
The Deserialize method deserializes (loads) an image from the file system.
Bitmap Deserialize(
int level,
int tileX,
int tileY
);
The method returns a Bitmap, containing the binary image.
Indexes of the tile pyramid are zero based. The size of an image tile is fixed at 256 x 256 pixels.
The Serialize method serializes (saves) the tile image to the file system.
void Serialize(
Bitmap tile,
int level,
int tileX,
int tileY
);
The method does not return a value.
Indexes of the tile pyramid are zero based. The size of an image tile is fixed at 256 x 256 pixels.
The IPlateFileGenerator interface is used to generate plate files for image tiles (plate files are single files containing all or part of a tile pyramid for easy copying, sharing and backup). It does not inherit from another interface.
Method | Description |
| CreateFromImageTile | Used to create a plate file from an image tile pyramid. |
Property |
Type |
Get/Set | Description |
| TilesProcessed | long | Get only. | Number of tiles for the level that have been processed. |
The CreateFromImageTile method is used to create a plate file from an image tile pyramid.
void CreateFromImageTile(
IImageTileSerializer serializer
);
The method does not returns a value.
The image pyramid must be created before a plate file can be generated. Plate files are single files that make it easier to send or archive the tile pyramid.
The IProjectionGridMap interface is used to query the data grid based on the projection. It does not inherit from another interface.
Method | Description |
| GetValue | Retrieves the value contained at the specified coordinate. |
| GetXIndex | Retrieves the X pixel index for the given coordinate. |
| GetYIndex | Retrieves the Y pixel index for the given coordinate. |
| IsInRange | Retrieves a Boolean indicating whether a given coordinate falls within the scope of the map. |
Property |
Type |
Get/Set | Description |
| InputBoundary | Boundary | Get only | Bounding box of the map. |
| InputGrid | IGrid | Get only | The source grid for the map. |
The GetValue method retrieves the value contained at the specified coordinate.
double GetValue(
double longitude,
double latitude
);
The method returns a double, containing the value for the given coordinate, depending on the projection.
Note the order of the parameters, longitude first.
The GetXIndex method retrieves the X pixel index for the given longitude.
int GetXIndex(
double longitude
);
The method returns an int, containing the X pixel value for the given longitude, depending on the projection.
None.
The GetYIndex method retrieves the Y pixel index for the given latitude.
int GetYIndex(
double latitude
);
The method returns an int, containing the Y pixel value for the given latitude, depending on the projection.
None.
The IsInRange method retrieves a Boolean indicating whether a given coordinate falls within the scope of the map.
bool IsInRange(
double longitude,
double latitude
);
The method returns a bool.
Note the order of the parameters, longitude first.
The ITileCreator interface is used to build the tile pyramids, and exposes the following methods. It does not inherit from another interface.
Method | Description |
| Create | Creates tiles of the pyramid at the specified level. |
| CreateParent | Create tiles of the pyramid at the parent of the specified level. |
Property |
Type |
Get/Set | Description |
| ProjectionType | ProjectionTypes | Get only. | Specifies or retrieves the projection type, one of: Toast Mercator |
The Create method creates tiles of the pyramid at the specified level.
void Create(
int level,
int tileX,
int tileY
);
This method does not return a value.
If the input to this method was Create(N,X,Y), the output would be the tile with coordinates (X,Y) at level N.
The CreateParent method creates tiles for the parent of the specified level.
void CreateParent(
int level,
int tileX,
int tileY
);
This method does not return a value.
If the input to this method was CreateParent(N,X,Y), the output would be the tile with coordinates (X/2,Y/2) at level N-1.
A digital
elevation model is a 3-D representation of a terrain's surface created
from terrain
elevation data. For each image tile, there can be a corresponding DEM
tile which encodes the elevation at a set of pre-specified vertices. The
pre-specified vertices are sampled at fixed grid intervals depending on the
projection. The tile contains only the elevation value and does not contain the
actual location associated with the vertex. There are both short and float
formats for DEM tiles.
WWT will access the DEM tile through a different URL from
that of the image tile URL. The DEM URL needs to be specified in the WTML file
by setting the value of the DemUrl attribute. The DemUrl template URL string is
parameterized with {0}=zoom level, {1}=x and {2}=y.
The DEM files are binary files which contain the elevation values at the
specific grid point locations. The contents of the DEM tiles will vary depending
on the projection.
Each DEM tile consists of 513 16-bit signed values written
in Intel byte order. The signed value represents the elevation/depth in meters.
The zero elevation point corresponds to the reference for the spheroid surface. The index in the list of 513 signed values indicates where the
elevation/depth is sampled. The vertex list is created by subdivision of a tile. The order
of the vertices changes depending on the slash/backslash type
of tile. Each vertex is a point in 3D space that corresponds to a latitude and longitude for the chosen projection. Each triangle is decomposed into smaller
triangles, each point in the triangle is added to the vertex list and then the
list is walked and the 3D points are offset by the altitude values in the DEM
array. Each tile shares its adjacent edge with its neighbor, so the bottom and
right edges have the same values as their neighbor’s top and left edges, but the
data is redundant so each tile has its own copy of that edge for performance
reasons. The altitude values are sampled from the 2D latitude/longitude array
with bi-linear filtering to remove any stair-step effects or sampling artifacts.
Refer to ToastDemTileCreator class in the SDK for sample
implementation.
Each DEM tile consists of 1089 16-bit signed values written
in Intel byte order. Each DEM tile is built using an array of 33x33 values. The
U/V values vary from 0.0 to 1.0, and array indexes vary from 0 to 32 for x and y. The
U/V values and index array are assuming the top, left of the image is (0,0). The
actual distance between elevation data points/vertices for this projection
varies depending on the tile location, zoom level and the latitude boundary
values. The vertex list is rectangular and is created by subdivision of y values
from top to center and then from center to bottom of the tile. For every y
value, the x value varies from 0 to 32. The vertex position in latitude and
longitude is calculated for each x and y. The elevation value at the given latitude
and longitude values is then calculated from the source data and added to the
vertex list.
Refer to MercatorDemTileCreator class in the SDK for sample
implementation.


WITNESS LIST Natural Resources Committee March 27, 2001 - 2:00P SB 2 FOR: Archuleta, Ed (El Paso Water Utilities), El Paso, TX Butler, Susan Director of Water Resource Development (San Antonio Water System), San Antonio, TX Haliber, Eugene President (SAWS), San Antonio, TX Johnson, Russell Water Resources Counsel (San Antonio Water System), San Antonio, TX Kracher, Bud President (Cow Creek Conservation District), Boerne, TX Linder, Patrick General Counsel (Cow Creek Groundwater Conservation District), San Antonio, TX Petersen, Ken General Counsel (Texas Rural Water Association), Austin, TX Rice, Irvin Secretary (Trinity/Improvement Association), Dallas, TX AGAINST: Arrington, Lonnie Director (Lower Neches Valley Authority), Beaumont, TX Breier, John President/CEO (Beaumont Chamber of Commerce), Beaumont, TX Cox, Charles Senior VP (Hibernia National Bank), Beaumont, TX Fontenot, Todd Commissioner (Liberty County), Liberty, TX Frost, Ford (Self), Houston, TX Griffith, Carl Jefferson County Judge (Jefferson Co.), Beaumont, TX Jeffrey, John (Self), Liberty, TX Klepac, Jimmy President (Klepac), Blanco, TX Lovelady, Michael Fire Chief, President (City of Nederland Nederland Chamber of Commerce), Nederland, TX McKelvey, Robert Mayor (City of Palestine), Palestine, TX Middleton, Gary Mayor (City of Victoria), Victoria, TX Monk, Frances Mayor (City of Port Neches), Port Neches, TX Murrell, David Member (Winnie Rice Farmers Co-Op), Winnie, TX Rowland, Cole Member (Lower Colorado Regional Water Planning Group), Austin, TX Rutherford, Verna Legislative Response Team (Jefferson County Chambers of Commerce), Port Arthur, TX Snow, Curtis City Manager (City of Palestine), Palestine, TX Stroder, Robert General Manager (Lower Neches Valley Authority), Beaumont, TX Watson, Juliet Council Person (Self), New Braunfels, TX ON: Alders, David Member (Region I Planning Group), Nacogdoches, TX Baker, John Commissioner (TNRCC), Austin, TX Booth, Frank (Self), Aransas Pass, TX Brown, Robert Executive VP (Farm Credit Bank of Texas), Georgetown, TX Campbell, George Chairman (Region I Water Planning Group), Nacogdoches, TX Darling, Robert (Chamber of Commerce), Port Arthur, TX Gertson, Ronald Water Policy Committee (Texas Rice Producers Legislative Group), East Bernard, TX Gilliland, Charles Research Economist (Real Estate Ctr Texas A&M University), College Station, TX Hubert, Martin Deputy Commissioner (TX Department of Agriculture), Austin, TX Hunt, Chuck Regional Issues Coordinator (Big Ticket National Preserve), Beaumont, TX Kaderka, Susan Director, Gulf States Office (National Wildlife Federation), Austin, TX Kramer, Ken Director (Lone Star Chapter, Sierra Club), Austin, TX MacLeod, Mark Director, Special Projects (Environmental Defense), Austin, TX Millikin, Jay County Commissioner (County Commissioners Court), New Braunfels, TX Ness, Myron Counsel (National Wildlife Federation), Austin, TX Pedersen, Craig Executive Administrator (TX Water Development Board), Austin, TX Simon, Haskell (TX Rice Producers Legislative), Bay City, TX Smith, James State Director (Texas Farm Bureau), Beaumont, TX Williams, C.E. General Manager (Panhandle Groundwater District), White Deer, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Brown, Jim General Manager (Upper Guadalupe River Authority), Kerrville, TX Miksa, Mary Sr VP Governmental Affairs (Texas Assoc. of Business & Chamber of Commerce), Austin, TX Stevens, Steve Consultant (Mesa Water, Inc.), Dallas, TX Against: Batty, Barbara Broker (ERA Realtors Sabine Maritime Womens Club Texas and Jefferson County Retired Teachers), Port Neches, TX Blake, Tina General Partner (Henderson's Liberty Farms/ Spindletop Ranch), Devers, TX Carnahan, Karen Public Affairs Mgr. (Huntsman Corp.), Port Neches, TX Dabney, Julie Director (Nederland Chamber of Commerce), Nederland, TX Dabney, Julie Resident (Self), Port Neches, TX Edwards, William Rancher-Farmer (Self), Stowell, TX Hallmark, Dan Regional Chairman (Hibernia National Bank), Beaumont, TX Hanna, Mark Capital (Area Boating Trades Assn), Austin, TX Huddleston, Mark Commissioner Pct. #1 (Chambers County), Winnie, TX Landry, Richard Legislative Director (Paper, Allied Industrial, Chemical & Energy), Port Neches, TX Parsley, David (Port Arthur Chamber of Commerce), Nederland, TX Roche, Kathy Marketing Consultant (Reliant Energy Entex), Beaumont, TX Rozelle, Terry President (Port Neches Chamber) Rutherford, Charles (Self), Port Arthur, TX Rutherford, Verna President (Greater Port Arthur, TX Chamber of Commerce), Port Arthur, TX Weaver, James Security (Trinity Bay Soil and Water Dist.), Winnie, TX Wolfe, Patricia Executive Manager (Groves Texas- Chamber of Commerce), Groves, TX On: Batty Jr., Reginald (Self), Port Neches, TX Miller, Philip County Commissioner Pct #2 (Wharton County), El Campo, TX Reynolds, Mickey County Commissioner (Wharton County), Wharton, TX Sears, Walt General Manager (Northeast Texas Municipal Water District), Hughes Springs, TX Providing written testimony: For: Ficher, Jon Sr. VP (Texas Chemical Council), Austin, TX Against: Neild, Patty President of the Board (Lower Neches Valley Authority), Beaumont, TX On: Suhm, Vic Senior Consultant (North Texas Commission), Irving, TX SB 324 Registering, but not testifying: On: Phillips, Jim Deputy, Office of Legal Services (TNRCC), Austin, TX SB 1335 FOR: Brown, Jim General Manager (Upper Guadalupe River Authority), Kerrville, TX Brown, Tim (Franklin County Water District), Austin, TX Brown, Tim (Northeast Texas Municipal Water District), Austin, TX Clark, Jerry General Manager (Sabine River Authority), Orange, TX Howard, Jay Consultant (San Jacinto River Authority), Austin, TX McCarthy, Ed Attorney (Upper Guadalupe River Authority), Austin, TX Ray, Tom Deputy General Manager (Brazas River Authority), Waco, TX AGAINST: Gayle, John City Manager (City of Snyder on Behalf of Mayor Dayton Robertson), Snyder, TX Grant, John General Manager (Colorado River Municipal Authority), Big Spring, TX McKelvey, Robert Mayor (City of Palestine), Palestine, TX Moore, Mary Deputy City Manager (City of Odessa), Odessa, TX Perry, Charles President (Colorado River Municipal Water District), Odessa, TX Stretcher, Keith City Attorney (City of Midland), Midland, TX ON: Allen, Joe Attorney (Lower Neches Valley Authority), Houston, TX Bell, David General Manager (West Central Texas Municipal Water District), Abilene, TX Lary, Trey Attorney (Gulf Coast Water Authority), Houston, TX Linder, Patrick General Counsel (Bexar-Medina-Atascosa Counties WCID #1), San Antonio, TX Neild, Patty President of the Board (Lower Neches Valley Authority), Beaumont, TX O'Brien, Tommy General Manager (White River Municipal Water District), Spur, TX Reneau, Kenneth General Manager (Angelina & Neches River Authority) Spruill, Tommy Executive Director (Titus County FWSD No. 1), Mount Pleasant, TX Vance, Danny General Manager (Trinity River Authority), Arlington, TX Weidman, David General Manager (Franklin Co. Water District), Mount Vernon, TX Williams, John General Manager (Canadian River Municipal Water Authority), Sanford, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: West, Bill General Manager (Guadalupe-Blanco River Authority), Seguin, TX Against: Frost, Ford (Self), Houston, TX Jeffrey, John (Self), Liberty, TX Sow, Curtis City Manager (City of Palestine), Palestine, TX On: Brittin, Carolyn Water Program Coordinator (TNRCC), Austin, TX Sears, Walt General Manager (Northeast Texas Municipal Water District), Hughes Springs, TX Suzanne, Suzanne General Counsel (TX Water Development Board), Austin, TX SB 1352 ON: Williams, Tony Director Coastal Leasing (GLO), Austin, TX SB 1444 FOR: Landermeyer, Gordon Secretary (Association of Water Board Directors of Texas), Houston, TX Lary, Trey Member (Association of Water Board Directors), Houston, TX Petersen, Ken General Counsel (Texas Rural Water Association), Austin, TX ON: Satterwhite, Kent Deputy General Manager (Canadian River Municipal Water Authority), Sanford, TX Registering, but not testifying: On: Brittin, Carolyn Water Program Coordinator (TNRCC), Austin, TX SB 1561 ON: Kramer, Ken Director (Lone Star Chapter), Austin, TX Registering, but not testifying: For: Bassham, Terry Executive Director and General Counsel (El Paso Electric), El Paso, TX Gutierrez, Hector Public Affairs Consultant (City of El Paso), Austin, TX On: Schanbacher, David Air Media Coordinator (TNRCC) SB 1672 AGAINST: Darling, Robert (Chamber of Commerce), Port Arthur, TX Registering, but not testifying: On: Bradley, Cari Underwriting Supervisor (TX Department of Housing and Community Affairs), Round Rock, TX Croft, Hal (General Land Office), Austin, TX Frank, Jeff Director (GLO), Austin, TX Tanner, Richard "Bo" Deputy Commissioner (GLO), Austin, TX


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java.lang.Object java.io.Writer java.io.OutputStreamWriter java.io.FileWriter de.iabg.mesh.io.ASCIIMeshConnectionWriter
public class ASCIIMeshConnectionWriter
This implementation of MeshConnectionWriter
writes an ASCII file
containing mesh connection data, namely the node connections. Refer to
MeshConnectionWriter
class API for more details.
| Field Summary | |
|---|---|
protected java.io.File |
firstMeshFile_
The file of the First Mesh |
protected java.io.File |
lastMeshFile_
The file of the Last Mesh |
protected NodeConnectionMatrix |
nodeConnections_
Storage for the node connections |
protected java.io.PrintWriter |
printWriter_
The output writer of this class |
| Fields inherited from class java.io.Writer |
|---|
lock |
| Constructor Summary | |
|---|---|
ASCIIMeshConnectionWriter(java.io.File file)
Constructs a ASCIIMeshConnectionWriter from the given file. |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
void |
exportNodeConnections(NodeConnectionMatrix connections)
Writes the given node connections. |
void |
setConnectionDegreesOfFreedom(java.lang.String connectionDOF)
Internally saves the connected degrees of freedom to be written with any exported data. |
void |
setConnectionIdentifier(int connectionIdentifier)
Internally saves the first connection identifier to be written with any exported data. |
void |
setConnectionType(java.lang.String connectionType)
Internally saves the connection type to be written with any exported data. |
void |
setFirstMeshFile(java.io.File firstMeshFile)
Internally saves the file data to be written with any exported data. |
void |
setIndependentMesh(java.lang.String independentMesh)
Internally saves the independent mesh of the exported data. |
void |
setLastMeshFile(java.io.File lastMeshFile)
Internally saves the file data to be written with any exported data. |
protected void |
writeBreak()
Writes a formatted line break to the file. |
protected void |
writeComment(java.lang.String line)
Writes a formatted comment line to the file from the given line. |
protected void |
writeHeader()
Writes the standard header to the file. |
protected void |
writeNodeConnection(int nodeConnectionIndex)
Writes a node connection to the file from the given node connection index. |
| Methods inherited from class java.io.OutputStreamWriter |
|---|
close, flush, getEncoding, write, write, write |
| Methods inherited from class java.io.Writer |
|---|
append, append, append, write, write |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Field Detail |
|---|
protected java.io.File firstMeshFile_
First Mesh
protected java.io.File lastMeshFile_
Last Mesh
protected NodeConnectionMatrix nodeConnections_
protected java.io.PrintWriter printWriter_
| Constructor Detail |
|---|
public ASCIIMeshConnectionWriter(java.io.File file) throws java.io.IOException
ASCIIMeshConnectionWriter
from the given file.
file
- the file to be exported
java.io.IOException
- if the file could not be written| Method Detail |
|---|
public void exportNodeConnections(NodeConnectionMatrix connections) throws java.io.IOException
MeshConnectionWriter
MeshConnectionWriter.setFirstMeshFile(java.io.File)
and
MeshConnectionWriter.setLastMeshFile(java.io.File)
so that the file data can also be
written.
exportNodeConnections
in interface MeshConnectionWriter
connections
- the NodeConnectionMatrix
to be
written
java.io.IOException
- if the file could not be writtenpublic void setConnectionDegreesOfFreedom(java.lang.String connectionDOF)
MeshConnectionWriter
setConnectionDegreesOfFreedom
in interface MeshConnectionWriter
connectionDOF
- the connected degrees of freedompublic void setConnectionIdentifier(int connectionIdentifier)
MeshConnectionWriter
setConnectionIdentifier
in interface MeshConnectionWriter
connectionIdentifier
- the first connection identifierpublic void setConnectionType(java.lang.String connectionType)
MeshConnectionWriter
setConnectionType
in interface MeshConnectionWriter
connectionType
- the connection typepublic void setFirstMeshFile(java.io.File firstMeshFile)
MeshConnectionWriter
setFirstMeshFile
in interface MeshConnectionWriter
firstMeshFile
- the file of the First Mesh
public void setIndependentMesh(java.lang.String independentMesh)
MeshConnectionWriter
setIndependentMesh
in interface MeshConnectionWriter
independentMesh
- the independent meshpublic void setLastMeshFile(java.io.File lastMeshFile)
MeshConnectionWriter
setLastMeshFile
in interface MeshConnectionWriter
lastMeshFile
- the file of the Last Mesh
protected void writeBreak()
protected void writeComment(java.lang.String line)
line
- the comment lineprotected void writeHeader()
First Mesh
file and the
Last Mesh
file.
protected void writeNodeConnection(int nodeConnectionIndex)
NodeConnectionMatrix
and outputs the data to a formatted line.
nodeConnectionIndex
- the index of the node connection
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| Lag {quantmod} | R Documentation |
Create a lagged series from data, with NA
used to fill.
Lag(x, k = 1) ## S3 method for class 'quantmod.OHLC' Lag(x, k = 1) ## S3 method for class 'zoo' Lag(x, k = 1) ## S3 method for class 'data.frame' Lag(x, k = 1) ## S3 method for class 'numeric' Lag(x, k = 1)
x |
vector or series to be lagged |
k |
periods to lag. |
Shift series k-periods down, prepending NA
s to front
of series.
Specifically designed to handle quantmod.OHLC
and
zoo
series within the quantmod
workflow.
If no S3 method is found, a call to lag
in base
is made.
The original x
prepended with k
NA
s
and missing the trailing k
values.
The returned series maintains the number of obs. of the original.
This function differs from lag
by returning
the original series modified, as opposed to simply changing
the time series properties. It differs from the like
named Lag
in the Hmisc as it deals primarily
with time-series like objects.
It is important to realize that if there is no applicable
method for Lag
, the value returned will be from
lag
in base. That is, coerced to 'ts'
if necessary, and subsequently shifted.
Jeffrey A. Ryan
Stock.Close <- c(102.12,102.62,100.12,103.00,103.87,103.12,105.12) Close.Dates <- as.Date(c(10660,10661,10662,10665,10666,10667,10668),origin="1970-01-01") Stock.Close <- zoo(Stock.Close,Close.Dates) Lag(Stock.Close) #lag by 1 period Lag(Stock.Close,k=1) #same Lag(Stock.Close,k=1:3) #lag 1,2 and 3 periods


--- layout: search title: Google Search ---
You can try using this search feature... Right now it'll just lead you to Google.


{% extends "dashboard.html" %} {% block title %}Home{% endblock %} {% block body %} Filter Filter By Individual Department Overall {% endblock %}


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Checkout now and start reading Dr. Wagemaker's eye-opening research on PTSD.
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Skilled designer with relevant experience and strong ingenuity for crafting visual identities and cohesive stories for brands.
Expert in Adobe Creative Suite and Front End Development (HTML5, CSS3, SaSS, Javascript ES6, Jquery, React.JS)
Contact Me
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Müdr App
View the Code
Müder: a Hackathon Project
The hackathon idea was to create an app revolving around a community where users could log in as sad or happy and help or converse with their opposite counterparts. It was built with HTML5, CSS3, SaSS, ReactJS and Ruby on Rails over the course of 2.5 days. I worked on all design elements, architecture and front-end.
An app built to solve the problem of our overcrowded streets one car-pooling adventure at a time.
Built with HTML5, CSS3, SaSS, Javascript ES6 and ReactJS.
Campaign created for GE Lighting "The 10 Year Light Bulb".
This campaign won a Merit award for Graphis New Talent in 2013 and was published in their annual in 2014.
Graphis New Talent
A custom slider I built with Javascript ES6 and ReactJS. The user is able to navigate left and right through a set of images that belong to the title listed center. When the user navigates up and down, the title changes and a new set of images are presented. While working on a freelance project, this is a solution I created when given the task of organizing a large set of data in a visual manner while keeping the user on the page.
A geo-guessing app that times you as you try to guess as many locations around the world only based on photos.
Built with HTML5, CSS3, SaSS, Javascript ES6, Jquery and ReactJS.


| Methods' Details |
createLibrary
- Description
- Creates a new library
|
|
createLibraryLink
- Description
- Creates a link to an "external" library that then can be
accessed using this library manager. The format of the
StorageURL is a matter of the implementation. If the read
only flag is set, the linked library cannot be modified.
In this case, the returned interface really is only an
XNameAccess. If ReadOnly is false (and the referenced
storage allows write access) the returned interface also
can be a ::com::sun::star::container::XNameContainer.
|
|
removeLibrary
- Description
- removes the library item with the specified name. If the accessed
library item is a link only the link is removed, not the target library.
|
|
isLibraryLoaded
- Description
- returns true if the accessed library is already loaded from
the storage, otherwise false.
|
|
loadLibrary
- Description
- Causes the accessed library to be loaded from its storage
if it hasn't already been loaded.
|
|
Copyright © 2013, The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. Apache, the Apache feather logo, Apache OpenOffice and OpenOffice.org are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.


At epicodus we do daily challenges to test our coding abilities, which means dozens of tiny repos and projects. Why not combine some of them??


1.
a = 'ALL '
b = 'work '
c = 'and '
d = 'no '
e = 'play '
f = 'makes '
g = 'Jack '
h = 'a '
i = 'dull '
j = 'boy.'
print (a+b+c+d+e+f+g+h+i+j)
ALL work and no play makes Jack a dull boy.
2.
a = 6 * (1 - 2)
3.
a = 6 * (1 - 2)
print (a)
-6
4.
bruce = 6
print (bruce + 4)
10
5.
year = input("What is the number of years?")
t = float(year)
A = 10000 * (1 + 0.08/120)**(12 * t)
print (A)
6.
g = 7%0
print (g)
integer division or modulo by zero
7.
hour = 51 - (12 - 2)
h = hour%24
print (h)
17
8.
timen = input ("What is the time now? ")
tn = int(timen)
timew = input ("What is the number of hours to wait? ")
tw = int(timew)
hour = tw-(24-tn)
h = hour%24
print (h)