Making Skins
Structure
Make a folder with the name of your skin alongside the others in the skins folder.  Detail for images and the config file are listed below. You can also look at existing skins for examples.You can look at the script saveload/other/loadSkin in the source to see how config files are read, and the default values. You can also look at the "skin defaults" sprites folder in the source to see default object sprites. It's possible that this documentation is out of date or incorrect, so if there's an issue, look at the source.
PNG Images
Note: If you don't include an image for a sprite, a default one will be used.| Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| apple | 42 x 24 (2 frames) |
| bg | whatever dimensions |
| block | 32 x 32 |
| bulletblocker | 32 x 32 |
| jumprefresher | 32 x 32 with origin 15, 15 |
| killerblock | 32 x 32 |
| menu | 1056 x 320 (some height unused) |
| miniblock | 16 x 16 |
| minidown | 16 x 16 or wider for multiple frames |
| minileft | . . . |
| miniright | . . . |
| miniup | . . . |
| platform | 32 x 16 |
| playerstart | 32 x 32 |
| save | 64 x 32 (2 frames) |
| sidebar | 256 x 608 |
| spikedown | 32 x 32 or wider for multiple frames |
| spikeleft | . . . |
| spikeright | . . . |
| spikeup | . . . |
| walljumpL | 32 x 32 |
| walljumpR | 32 x 32 |
| warp | 32 x 32 |
| water1 | 32 x 32 (bad singlejump water) |
| water2 | 32 x 32 (doublejump water) |
| water3 | 32 x 32 (doublejump refresh water) |
Config file
Note: "H,S,V color" means the hue, saturation, and value of a color, each ranging from 0-255 and separated by commas.Note: No quotes are used for strings because Gmfilesystem's ini functions don't use quotes.
| Name | Notes |
|---|---|
| meta | |
| version | The X.X.X jtool version |
| ui | |
| button_idle_color | H,S,V color of buttons |
| button_active_color | H,S,V color to overlay on buttons when hovering |
| button_palette_pressed_color | H,S,V color to flash on palette buttons when pressed |
| button_active_alpha | Alpha from 0-1 of button overlay when hovering |
| button_palette_pressed_alpha | Alpha from 0-1 of flash when pressing palette buttons |
| button_active_border | 0 or 1, whether or not buttons have thick borders when hovering (see RMJ skin) |
| objects | |
| killer_idle_color | H,S,V color of killers (spikes, etc) |
| killer_active_color | H,S,V color of killers (spikes, etc) when being touched |
| bulletblocker_alpha | Alpha from 0-1 of bullet blockers |
| spike_frames | Number of animation frames spikes have. Images should have this number of frames. |
| spike_animspeed | Speed of spike animation (1 is the same as game fps, 0.25 is every fourth frame) |
| minispike_frames | . . . |
| minispike_animspeed | . . . |
| bg | |
| type | "stretch" or "tile" |
| hspeed | speed in pixels/frame that the bg scrolls horizontally |
| vspeed | speed in pixels/frame that the bg scrolls vertically |


This group of islands, of which Lord Howe is the largest, is a World Heritage Site recognised for its natural beauty and heritage. It lies approximately 400 miles NE of Sydney.
Location: 31°32'S 159° 2' 34"E
Useful Links
http://www.lordhoweisland.info/
Lord Howe is no longer a customs port of entry.
Yachts wishing to visit must first clear into Australia. See the main Noonsite/Australia/Formalities page for full details.
However, yachts will be inspected by Customs on arrival and certain food stuffs are likely to be confiscated.
Prior to departure for Lord Howe, yachts must contact the Lord Howe Island Board to obtain a permit to moor. The necessary documents can be downloaded from this official site. There is also a link on this site to the document with Information for Visiting Vessels.
Skippers are also advised to contact the Lord Howe Island Port Operations Manager prior to departure for the Island and he will also require to see your mooring permit on your arrival.
Lord Howe Maritime monitors VHF Channel 12 & 16 and is run by Clive and Craig Wilson.  They rent excellent mountain bikes for $8 per day. The island policeman also monitors VHF 12 & 16 during office hours.
Last updated October 2015.Call the Harbour Master/Policeman on VHF Channel 12 for directions for entering the lagoon.
All vessels are required to use one of the 16 mooring buoys provided. Anchoring here is not permitted, nor is entry by night. If draft or weather conditions do not allow entry to the lagoon, then advice via VHF radio will be given to pilot the boat to an alternative anchorage.
The moorings are .5 to .75 of a mile from the shore, a journey best undertaken in a substantial dinghy.
Port and landing fees are payable at Lord Howe Island Board (LHIB) office on Bowker Ave., a ten minute walk from the wharf.
Mooring Fees (2015): $44 per night ($88 minimum charge) or $278 per week (Prices include GST).
Administration Booking Fee $33.00 (non-efundable)
Environmental Levy: $41.20 per person one off payment (GST exempt).
Fees can be paid at the Board’s Administration Office in Bowker Avenue between 8:30am and 4:30pm Monday to Friday at the Lord Howe Island Board Administration Office or at the Liquor Store between 1:00pm and 4:30pm on Saturday. Please note that payment cannot be made on Sunday.
No refuse or liquid waste of any type can be discharged into the lagoon. Without a holding tank, the heads cannot be used. Much of the waters surrounding Lord Howe are a NSW Marine Park with certain fishing restrictions. A brochure is available from the Island Board mapping the fishing/no fishing areas.
There is water, toilets, showers and a washing machine in the building on the jetty. Gold coin donation appreciated. If locked, the key is available for a deposit from the LHIB office.
Last updated October 2015.


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Array to hold items in the output
Boolean to indicate if output is still open for more
number of pending spots in the output
A spot is a location in the output that can be independently expanded
length
Get the number of items (data) added to the output
number of items in the output
add
Add some data to the output. The data can be another output.
data to add to the output
number of data added to the output
Generate a stream from the output by sending it to a munchy
Info about munchy: https://www.npmjs.com/package/munchy
A munchy object
callback after output has been consumed by munchy
convert the output into a single string
the output as a string
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This class defines the interface to receive HTML output from rendering a template


One goal which Weblets tries to achieve is to support as many web frameworks as possible to achieve this, currently in Weblets 1.0 two configuration options are supported.
To achieve the maximum compatibility with all existing frameworks an optional weblets servlet configuration is supported.  The Weblets servlet mapping must be path based otherwise Weblets will fail! --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Weblets Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/weblets/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
This is probably the most basic generic configuration which is possible. Note this configuration has one limitation
Code 2: Configuration limitation
<!-- The Weblets servlet mapping must be path based otherwise Weblets will fail! --> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Weblets Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/weblets/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
Path based url pattern must be provided, otherwise Weblets will fail.
Now we have a second limitation, Weblets internally tries to discover the webapps context path. This works properly in JSF and in JEE5 , in JEE4 and earlier there is no clean way to determine it.
Weblets has two optional configuration entries to overcome this Problem
The first method to enable a clear webapp context path resolution is to add a filter which Weblets optionally provides.
Code 3: Weblets Filter
<filter> <filter-name>WebletsContextFilter</filter-name> <filter-class>net.java.dev.weblets.WebletsContextFilter</filter-class> </filter> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>WebletsContextFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.jsp</url-pattern> </filter-mapping> <filter-mapping> <filter-name>WebletsContextFilter</filter-name> <url-pattern>*.jspx</url-pattern> </filter-mapping>
Note this filter is fully triggered only once, it tries to discover the context path and stores it in the Weblets container, so that it later can be used internally, after that it deactivates itself. Hence the performance impact is neglectable.
Though it is important that the filter is triggered before the first weblet:url resolution command is issued. Therefore it makes sense to put the filter over every active dynamic type which also triggers a servlet. (The provided default mapping above should take care of most use cases)
The sheer number of web frameworks in the java realm simply makes it impossible to exactly determine every way the context path can be resolved. Standard methods might not work in portlet environments for instance or other frameworks enforce different mapping schemes. To cover such instances, weblet provides a second generic configuration option.
Code 4: Weblets Filter
<context-param> <param-name>net.java.dev.weblets.contextpath</param-name> <param-value>/weblets-demo/</param-value> </context-param>
This optional context parameter overrides any locally determined webapp context value. It simply is an override for all cases in existence.
Every weblet url request will default to
/weblets-demo/<path to the weblet resource/
in this case. So, if all other methods of context discovering fail, this one will work!
Weblets tries to cover the automatisms provided by JSF. Hence the configuration is easier in such systems.
Code 5: <<<JSF >> Specific web.xml >
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE web-app PUBLIC "-//Sun Microsystems, Inc.//DTD Web Application 2.3//EN" "http://java.sun.com/dtd/web-app_2_3.dtd"> <web-app> <description>Weblets Demo</description> <servlet> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <servlet-class>javax.faces.webapp.FacesServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup> </servlet> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/faces/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> </web-app>
As you can see there is no Weblets specific part, there is no need to add additional context discovering tools to the web.xml. All is done automatically. However also in JSF one limitation still exists.
Just as in the generic configuration, Weblets only allows path patterns. Hence
Code 6: <<<JSF >> Specific mapping patterns >
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/faces/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>*.jsf</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping>
The /faces/* pattern has to be set, Weblets automatically will use this one for its internal url mapping. The *.jsf pattern can be set and used also, Weblets simply will ignore it, JSF wont!
Some environments do not trigger the internal context listener automatically. Weblets uses an internal context listener for preinitialisation, if the weblet startup fails you might get some internal weblet errors during runtime. If it fails you should try to add
<listener> <listener-class>net.java.dev.weblets.WebletsContextListener</listener-class> </listener>
To your local web.xml, this will ensure that the context listener is called, in any condition. This problem could be confirmed in certain portlet environments, so if you use weblets in a portlet environment it should work but you might have to add the context listener!
As of 1.0 Weblets 1.0 can be embedded in Portlet Specification 1.0 enabled portlet containers.
You do not have to take too many considerations to embed it both methods the Weblet Servlet and the Faces Servlet based environments should work.
Internally portlet triggers both servlets outside of the portlet scope and lets the servlets deliver the webapp just like they would be from a standalone application if your firewall or container tries to prevent this, you have to enable it!
Weblets has not been explicitely tested against BEA app servers, (every servlet spec 2.4 enabled app server should do however one user has reported a successful configuration. However as it seems the server itself does not come configured with the basic mime types you have to define them yourself.
This is a working example configuration reported by one of the mailing list users.
<servlet-mapping> <servlet-name>Faces Servlet</servlet-name> <url-pattern>/faces/*</url-pattern> </servlet-mapping> <!-- or the weblets servlet depending on your needs --> <listener> <listener-class>net.java.dev.weblets.WebletsContextListener</listener-class> </listener> <mime-mapping> <extension>css</extension> <mime-type>text/css</mime-type> </mime-mapping> <mime-mapping> <extension>js</extension> <mime-type>application/x-javascript</mime-type> </mime-mapping> <mime-mapping> <extension>gif</extension> <mime-type>image/gif</mime-type> </mime-mapping> <mime-mapping> <extension>png</extension> <mime-type>image/png</mime-type> </mime-mapping> <mime-mapping> <extension>jpg</extension> <mime-type>image/jpg</mime-type> </mime-mapping>
As it seems, Weblogic does not have auto mimetype mapping, and does not load the context listener automatically. By Providing both, Weblets should run. Alternatively the new Weblets mime type handling facilities also might work. Providing mime type mappings on bundle level!
Thank you Wim Bervoets for providing this configuration in [http://javablog.be/java/setup-weblets-10-for-jsf-on-weblogic-81/].
Weblets
is configured over the web.xml configuration file.
If you are in a JSF
environment, everything is done automatically once JSF
is configured properly. In every other environment a small number of entries have to be added to the web.xml
Check out the weblets-demo example provided to see the configuration in action.


Special beta pricing's almost over, don't miss out. Head to http://enva.t to check it out & sign up. Don’t forget o subscribe.
Remember Community Guidelines
180
214 Comments
turBo .
3 hours ago
I only came here for the cat hoodie image, why did you include the extraneous images and text
SpanishINQ .
2 hours ago
Do not cook on the colorful fire!!!  I know you just don't want me to have rainbow s'mores
BlackSwan .
13 hours ago
As a Bolivian, the fact that the scratch-off globe traveler has been there makes me very happy.
bigdart37 .
1 day ago
Who the hell prefers the brownie edges. I'll eat em, but I'd prefer the middle.


Quadratic Arithmetic Programs: from Zero to Hero
There has been a lot of interest lately in the technology behind zk-SNARKs, and people are increasingly trying to demystify something that many have come to call “moon math” due to its perceived sheer indecipherable complexity. zk-SNARKs are indeed quite challenging to grasp, especially due to the sheer number of moving parts that need to come together for the whole thing to work, but if we break the technology down piece by piece then comprehending it becomes simpler.
The purpose of this post
is not to serve as a full introduction to zk-SNARKs; it assumes as background
knowledge that (i) you know what zk-SNARKs are and what they do, and (ii) know
enough math to be able to reason about things like polynomials (if the statementP(x) + Q(x) = (P + Q)(x)
,
where P
and Q
are polynomials, seems
natural and obvious to you, then you’re at the right level). Rather, the post
digs deeper into the machinery behind the technology, and tries to explain as
well as possible the first half of the pipeline, as drawn by zk-SNARK researcher
Eran Tromer here:
The steps here can be broken up into two halves. First, zk-SNARKs cannot be applied to any computational problem directly; rather, you have to convert the problem into the right “form” for the problem to operate on. The form is called a “quadratic arithmetic program” (QAP), and transforming the code of a function into one of these is itself highly nontrivial. Along with the process for converting the code of a function into a QAP is another process that can be run alongside so that if you have an input to the code you can create a corresponding solution (sometimes called “witness” to the QAP). After this, there is another fairly intricate process for creating the actual “zero knowledge proof” for this witness, and a separate process for verifying a proof that someone else passes along to you, but these are details that are out of scope for this post.
The example that we will choose is a simple one: proving that you know the solution to a cubic equation: x**3 + x + 5 == 35 (hint: the answer is 3). This problem is simple enough that the resulting QAP will not be so large as to be intimidating, but nontrivial enough that you can see all of the machinery come into play.
Let us write out our function as follows:
def qeval(x):
y = x**3
return x + y + 5
The simple special-purpose programming language that we are using here supports basic arithmetic (+, -, *, /), constant-power exponentiation (x**7 but not x**y) and variable assignment, which is powerful enough that you can theoretically do any computation inside of it (as long as the number of computational steps is bounded; no loops allowed). Note that modulo (%) and comparison operators (<, >, ≤, ≥) are NOT supported, as there is no efficient way to do modulo or comparison directly in finite cyclic group arithmetic (be thankful for this; if there was a way to do either one, then elliptic curve cryptography would be broken faster than you can say “binary search” and “Chinese remainder theorem”).
You can extend the
language to modulo and comparisons by providing bit decompositions (eg. 13 =
2**3 + 2**2 + 1) as auxiliary
inputs, proving correctness of those decompositions and doing the math in binary
circuits; in finite field arithmetic, doing equality (==) checks is also doable
and in fact a bit easier, but these are both details we won’t get into right
now. We can extend the language to support conditionals (eg. if x < 5: y = 7; else: y =
9
) by converting them to an arithmetic form: y = 7 * (x < 5) + 9 * (x >=
5)
; though note that both “paths” of the conditional would need to be
executed, and if you have many nested conditionals then this can lead to a large
amount of overhead.
Let us now go through this process step by step.
Flattening
The first step is a
“flattening” procedure, where we convert the original code, which may contain
arbitrarily complex statements and expressions, into a sequence of statements
that are of two forms:x = y
(where y
can be a variable or a
number)and x = y (op) z
(where
op
can be +, -, *, / and y
and z
can be variables, numbers
or themselves sub-expressions). You can think of each of these statements as
being kind of like logic gates in a circuit. The result of the flattening
process for the above code is as follows:
sym_1 = x * x
y = sym_1 * x
sym_2 = y + x
~out = sym_2 + 5
If you read the original code and the code here, you can fairly easily see that the two are equivalent.
Gates to R1CS
Now, we convert this
into something called a rank-1 constraint system (R1CS). An R1CS is a sequence
of groups of three vectors (a, b,
c)
, and the solution to an R1CS is a vector s
, where s
must satisfy the equation
s . a * s . b - s . c =
0
, where .
represents the dot product - in simpler terms, if we "zip together" a
and s
, multiplying the two values
in the same positions, and then take the sum of these products, then do the same
to b
and s
and then c
and s
, then the third result
equals the product of the first two results. For example, this is a satisfied
R1CS:
But instead of
having just one constraint, we are going to have many constraints: one for each
logic gate. There is a standard way of converting a logic gate into a (a, b, c)
triple depending on
what the operation is (+, -, * or /) and whether the arguments are variables or
numbers. The length of each vector is equal to the total number of variables in
the system, including a dummy variable~one
at the first index representing the number 1, the input variables, a dummy
variable ~out
representing the
output, and then all of the intermediate variables (sym1
and sym2
above); the vectors are
generally going to be very sparse, only filling in the slots corresponding to
the variables that are affected by some particular logic gate.
First, we’ll provide the variable mapping that we’ll use:
'~one', 'x', '~out', 'sym_1', 'y', 'sym_2'
The solution vector will consist of assignments for all of these variables, in that order.
Now, we’ll give the
(a, b, c)
triple for the first
gate:
a = [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
b = [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
c = [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0]
You can see that if the solution vector contains 3 in the second position, and 9 in the fourth position, then regardless of the rest of the contents of the solution vector, the dot product check will boil down to 3 * 3 = 9, and so it will pass. If the solution vector has -3 in the second position and 9 in the fourth position, the check will also pass; in fact, if the solution vector has 7 in the second position and 49 in the fourth position then that check will still pass — the purpose of this first check is to verify the consistency of the inputs and outputs of the first gate only.
Now, let’s go on to the second gate:
a = [0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0]
b = [0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
c = [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0]
In a similar style to
the first dot product check, here we’re checking that sym_1 * x = y
.
Now, the third gate:
a = [0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0]
b = [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
c = [0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]
Here, the pattern is somewhat different: it’s multiplying the first element in the solution vector by the second element, then by the fifth element, adding the two results, and checking if the sum equals the sixth element. Because the first element in the solution vector is always one, this is just an addition check, checking that the output equals the sum of the two inputs.
Finally, the fourth gate:
a = [5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]
b = [1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
c = [0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0]
Here, we’re evaluating
the last check, ~out = sym_2 +
5
. The dot product check works by taking the sixth element in the
solution vector, adding five times the first element (reminder: the first
element is 1, so this effectively means adding 5), and checking it against the
third element, which is where we store the output variable.
And there we have our R1CS with four constraints. The witness is simply the assignment to all the variables, including input, output and internal variables:
[1, 3, 35, 9, 27, 30]
You can compute this for yourself by simply “executing” the flattened code above, starting off with the input variable assignment x=3, and putting in the values of all the intermediate variables and the output as you compute them.
The complete R1CS put together is:
A
[0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0]
[0, 1, 0, 0, 1, 0]
[5, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]
B
[0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[0, 1, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
[1, 0, 0, 0, 0, 0]
C
[0, 0, 0, 1, 0, 0]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 0]
[0, 0, 0, 0, 0, 1]
[0, 0, 1, 0, 0, 0]
R1CS to QAP
The next step is taking this R1CS and converting it into QAP form, which implements the exact same logic except using polynomials instead of dot products. We do this as follows. We go from four groups of three vectors of length six to six groups of three degree-3 polynomials, where evaluating the polynomials at each x coordinate represents one of the constraints. That is, if we evaluate the polynomials at x=1, then we get our first set of vectors, if we evaluate the polynomials at x=2, then we get our second set of vectors, and so on.
We can make this transformation using something called a Lagrange interpolation. The problem that a Lagrange interpolation solves is this: if you have a set of points (ie. (x, y) coordinate pairs), then doing a Lagrange interpolation on those points gives you a polynomial that passes through all of those points. We do this by decomposing the problem: for each x coordinate, we create a polynomial that has the desired y coordinate at that x coordinate and a y coordinate of 0 at all the other x coordinates we are interested in, and then to get the final result we add all of the polynomials together.
Let’s do an example. Suppose that we want a polynomial that passes through (1, 3), (2, 2) and (3, 4). We start off by making a polynomial that passes through (1, 3), (2, 0) and (3, 0). As it turns out, making a polynomial that “sticks out” at x=1 and is zero at the other points of interest is easy; we simply do:
(x - 2) * (x - 3)
Which looks like this:
Now, we just need to “rescale” it so that the height at x=1 is right:
(x - 2) * (x - 3) * 3 / ((1 - 2) * (1 - 3))
This gives us:
1.5 * x**2 - 7.5 * x + 9
We then do the same with the other two points, and get two other similar-looking polynomials, except that they “stick out” at x=2 and x=3 instead of x=1. We add all three together and get:
1.5 * x**2 - 5.5 * x + 7
With exactly the coordinates that we want. The algorithm as described above takes O(n**3) time, as there are n points and each point requires O(n**2) time to multiply the polynomials together; with a little thinking, this can be reduced to O(n**2) time, and with a lot more thinking, using fast Fourier transform algorithms and the like, it can be reduced even further — a crucial optimization when functions that get used in zk-SNARKs in practice often have many thousands of gates.
Now, let’s use Lagrange
interpolation to transform our R1CS. What we are going to do is take the first
value out of every a
vector,
use Lagrange interpolation to make a polynomial out of that (where evaluating
the polynomial at i
gets you
the first value of the ith a
vector), repeat the process for the first value of every b
and c
vector, and then repeat
that process for the second values, the third, values, and so on. For
convenience I'll provide the answers right now:
A polynomials
[-5.0, 9.166, -5.0, 0.833]
[8.0, -11.333, 5.0, -0.666]
[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
[-6.0, 9.5, -4.0, 0.5]
[4.0, -7.0, 3.5, -0.5]
[-1.0, 1.833, -1.0, 0.166]
B polynomials
[3.0, -5.166, 2.5, -0.333]
[-2.0, 5.166, -2.5, 0.333]
[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
C polynomials
[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
[0.0, 0.0, 0.0, 0.0]
[-1.0, 1.833, -1.0, 0.166]
[4.0, -4.333, 1.5, -0.166]
[-6.0, 9.5, -4.0, 0.5]
[4.0, -7.0, 3.5, -0.5]
Coefficients are in
ascending order, so the first polynomial above is actually 0.833 * x**3 — 5*x**2 + 9.166*x -
5
. This set of polynomials (plus a Z polynomial that I will explain
later) makes up the parameters for this particular QAP instance. Note that all
of the work up until this point needs to be done only once for every function
that you are trying to use zk-SNARKs to verify; once the QAP parameters are
generated, they can be reused.
Let’s try evaluating all of these polynomials at x=1. Evaluating a polynomial at x=1 simply means adding up all the coefficients (as 1**k = 1 for all k), so it’s not difficult. We get:
A results at x=1
0
1
0
0
0
0
B results at x=1
0
1
0
0
0
0
C results at x=1
0
0
0
1
0
0
And lo and behold, what we have here is exactly the same as the set of three vectors for the first logic gate that we created above.
Checking the QAP
Now what’s the point of this crazy transformation? The answer is that instead of checking the constraints in the R1CS individually, we can now check all of the constraints at the same time by doing the dot product check on the polynomials.
Because in this
case the dot product check is a series of additions and multiplications of
polynomials, the result is itself going to be a polynomial. If the resulting
polynomial, evaluated at every x coordinate that we used above to represent a
logic gate, is equal to zero, then that means that all of the checks pass; if
the resulting polynomial evaluated at at least one of the x coordinate
representing a logic gate gives a nonzero value, then that means that the values
going into and out of that logic gate are inconsistent (ie. the gate is y = x * sym_1
but the
provided values might be x = 2
,sym_1 = 2
and y = 5
).
Note that the resulting
polynomial does not itself have to be zero, and in fact in most cases won’t be;
it could have any behavior at the points that don’t correspond to any logic
gates, as long as the result is zero at all the points that do correspond to some gate. To
check correctness, we don’t actually evaluate the polynomial t = A . s * B . s - C .
s
at every point corresponding to a gate; instead, we divide t
by another polynomial,
Z
, and check that Z
evenly divides t
- that is, the division
t / Z
leaves no remainder.
Z is defined as (x - 1) * (x - 2) * (x -
3) ...
- the simplest polynomial that is equal to zero at all points
that correspond to logic gates. It is an elementary fact of algebra that any polynomial that is equal to
zero at all of these points has to be a multiple of this minimal polynomial, and
if a polynomial is a multiple of Z then its evaluation at any of those points
will be zero; this equivalence makes our job much easier.
Now, let’s actually do the dot product check with the polynomials above. First, the intermediate polynomials:
A . s = [43.0, -73.333, 38.5, -5.166]
B . s = [-3.0, 10.333, -5.0, 0.666]
C . s = [-41.0, 71.666, -24.5, 2.833]
Now, A . s * B . s — C . s:
t = [-88.0, 592.666, -1063.777, 805.833, -294.777, 51.5, -3.444]
Now, the minimal
polynomial Z = (x - 1) * (x - 2) * (x
- 3) * (x - 4)
:
Z = [24, -50, 35, -10, 1]
And if we divide the result above by Z, we get:
h = t / Z = [-3.666, 17.055, -3.444]
With no remainder.
And so we have the
solution for the QAP. If we try to falsify any of the variables in the R1CS
solution that we are deriving this QAP solution from — say, set the last one to
31 instead of 30, then we get a t
polynomial that fails one
of the checks (in that particular case, the result at x=3 would equal -1 instead
of 0), and furthermore t
would
not be a multiple of Z; rather, dividing t / Z
would give a remainder
of [-5.0, 8.833, -4.5, 0.666]
.
Note that the above is a simplification; “in the real world”, the addition, multiplication, subtraction and division will happen not with regular numbers, but rather with finite field elements — a spooky kind of arithmetic which is self-consistent, so all the algebraic laws we know and love still hold true, but where all answers are elements of some finite-sized set, usually integers within the range from 0 to n-1 for some n. For example, if n = 13, then 1 / 2 = 7 (and 7 * 2 = 1), 3 * 5 = 2, and so forth. Using finite field arithmetic removes the need to worry about rounding errors and allows the system to work nicely with elliptic curves, which end up being necessary for the rest of the zk-SNARK machinery that makes the zk-SNARK protocol actually secure.
Special thanks to Eran Tromer for helping to explain many details about the inner workings of zk-SNARKs to me.
Source：https://medium.com/@VitalikButerin/quadratic-arithmetic-programs-from-zero-to-hero-f6d558cea649


I expect to graduate from the University of Iowa this Spring of 2021 with a Bachelor's Degree in Geographical Information Science and Geoinformatics. I am very interested in the applications of GIS, particularly hydrology. I have some experience with hydro-enforcement and hydrology but I am even more enthusiastic about wildlife. In my free time I enjoy outdoor activies like hiking and tennis, but I also enjoy staying in with a movie or game.


Uber CEO Calls Saudi Murder of Khashoggi 'a Mistake', Scrambles To Backtrack
by msmashUber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi told "Axios on HBO" that the murder of journalist Jamal Khashoggi was "a mistake" by the Saudi government, and then he compared it to Uber's self driving accident in which a woman died. From a report: An hour later, Khosrowshahi called Axios to express regret for the language he used. The next day he sent the following statement: "I said something in the moment that I do not believe. When it comes to Jamal Khashoggi, his murder was reprehensible and should not be forgotten or excused."


‘Dare to try, dare to change’: Jokowi encourages innovation through comic
by Kharishar KahfiAfter repeatedly touching on the issue in official speeches, President Joko “Jokowi” Widodo has found a new way to highlight the need for change during his second term: comic strips.
The caption to a comic strip uploaded to Jokowi’s official instagram account @jokowi on Sunday reads “Dare to try. Dare to change” accompanied by a hashtag #JokoMic -- short for “Jokowi Comic”.
The comic shows a man resembling the President’s figure sitting on a chair while his grandson is playing with toy bricks.
Berani mencoba. Berani berubah. #JokoMic pic.twitter.com/3wqIuluIVi
— Joko Widodo (@jokowi) November 17, 2019
The next panels of the comic show the child struggling to build a tower using the toy bricks, as the structure keeps collapsing. When his grandson starts to cry, the grandfather consoles the kid and shows him how to build a more stable structure using the toys.
When they finally build a structure using the toy bricks, the grandson asked his grandfather: “How does Mbah [grandfather] know?”
The grandfather figure answers: “Never giving up is good. However, if the same way keeps failing, we have to dare to try a new way.”
It ends with the grandfather repeating his message: “Don’t be afraid to change.”
The comic was also uploaded to Jokowi’s Twitter account and Facebook page in the form of a 1-minute video showing the illustrated comic.
However, there was no credit whatsoever to the illustrator.
Read also
The President has repeatedly pushed for change and innovation, especially among his Cabinet members, in order to achieve the promised targets in developing the economy and the country’s human resources.
After his inauguration for a second term in October, Jokowi said that his administration had to “continue to develop new methods [and] values [to] not get stuck in a monotone routine.”
“Innovation should not just become knowledge. Innovation should become a culture,” he said in his inauguration speech.


| %.% | Compose multiple functions |
| %<a-% | Create an active binding. |
| %<c-% | Create a constant (locked) binding. |
| %<d-% | Create an delayed binding. |
| address | Inspect internal attributes of R objects. |
| ast | Display a call (or expression) as a tree. |
| bits | Print the byte-wise representation of a value |
| bytes | Print the byte-wise representation of a value |
| call_tree | Display a call (or expression) as a tree. |
| compare_size | Compute the size of an object. |
| compose | Compose multiple functions |
| dots | Capture unevaluated dots. |
| do_call | Make and evaluate calls. |
| enclosing_env | Find the environment that encloses of a function. |
| eval2 | Tools for making promises explicit |
| explicit | Tools for making promises explicit |
| f | A compact syntax for anonymous functions. |
| fget | Find a function with specified name. |
| find_funs | Find functions matching criteria. |
| find_uses | Find all functions in that call supplied functions. |
| ftype | Determine function type. |
| fun_args | Find functions matching criteria. |
| fun_body | Find functions matching criteria. |
| fun_calls | Find functions matching criteria. |
| inspect | Inspect internal attributes of R objects. |
| is_active_binding | Active binding info |
| is_promise | Promise info |
| make_call | Make and evaluate calls. |
| make_function | Make a function from its components. |
| mem_change | Determine change in memory from running code |
| mem_used | How much memory is currently used by R? |
| method_from_call | Given a function class, find correspoding S4 method |
| modify_call | Modify the arguments of a call. |
| modify_lang | Recursively modify a language object |
| named_dots | Capture unevaluated dots. |
| object_size | Compute the size of an object. |
| otype | Determine object type. |
| parent_promise | Find the parent (first) promise. |
| parenv | Get parent/ancestor environment |
| parenvs | Given an environment or object, return an 'envlist' of its parent environments. |
| partial | Partial apply a function, filling in some arguments. |
| promise_info | Promise info |
| rebind | Rebind an existing name. |
| refs | Inspect internal attributes of R objects. |
| rls | Recursive ls. |
| sexp_type | Inspect internal attributes of R objects. |
| show_c_source | Find C source code for internal R functions |
| standardise_call | Standardise a function call |
| subs | A version of substitute that works in the global environment. |
| substitute_q | A version of substitute that evaluates its first argument. |
| track_copy | Track if an object is copied |
| typename | Inspect internal attributes of R objects. |
| unenclose | Unenclose a closure. |
| uneval | Capture the call associated with a promise. |
| where | Find where a name is defined. |


@(board: Board, hasEditRights: Boolean) @editLinkOrNot() = @{ if(hasEditRights) "#edit-board-modal" else "#" } @workingButtonOrNot() = @{ if(hasEditRights) "modal-trigger" else "" } @main(board.name) { @{ if(board.isPrivate) { lock } else if(board.isPublic){ lock_open } else{ supervisor_account } } @board.name @if(hasEditRights) { delete }


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block content %}
Note: you are already logged in as {{ user }}.
{% endif %}Forgotten your password? Enter your e-mail address below, and we'll reset your password and e-mail the new one to you.
If you have any trouble resetting your password, contact us at {{ contact_email }}.
{% endblock %} {% block extra_body %} {% endblock %}


26
1 Here were the divisions of the gatekeepers:
From the Korahites, Meshelemiah son of Kore, a descendant of Asaph.
2 Meshelemiah had sons: Zechariah the firstborn, Jediael the second, Zebadiah the third, Jathniel the fourth,
3 Elam the fifth, Jehohanan the sixth, Eliehoenai the seventh.
4 Obed Edom had sons: Shemaiah the firstborn, Jehozabad the second, Joah the third, and Sacar the fourth, and Nethanel the fifth,
5 Ammiel the sixth, Issachar the seventh, Peullethai the eighth, for God had blessed Obed Edom.
6 To Shemaiah his son were born sons who ruled over their families; they were men with many abilities.
7 The sons of Shemaiah were Othni, Rephael, Obed, and Elzabad. His relatives Elihu, and Semachiah were also men with many abilities.
8 All these were descendants of Obed Edom. They, their sons and relatives were men capable of doing their duties in the tabernacle service. There were sixty-two of them related to Obed Edom.
9 Meshelemiah had sons and relatives, capable men,, eighteen in all.
10 Hosah, a descendant of Merari, had sons: Shimri the leader (although he was not the firstborn, his father made him leader),
11 Hilkiah the second, Tebaliah the third, Zechariah the fourth. All of Hosah's sons and kinsmen were thirteen in number.
12 These divisions of the gatekeepers, corresponding to their leaders, had responsibilities, like their relatives, to serve in Yahweh's house.
13 They threw lots, both young and old, corresponding to their families, for every gate.
14 When the lot was thrown for the east gate, it fell to Shelemiah. They then threw lots for Zechariah his son, a prudent advisor, and his lot came out for the north gate.
15 To Obed Edom was assigned the south gate, and his sons were assigned the storehouses.
16 Shuppim and Hosah were assigned the west gate along with the gate of Shallecheth, on the upper road. Watches were established for each family.
17 On the east were six Levites, on the north four a day, on the south four a day, and at the storehouses two pairs.
18 At the court to the west there were four posted, four at the road, and two at the court.
19 These were the gatekeepers' divisions. They were filled with descendants of Korah and Merari.
20 Among the Levites, Ahijah was in charge of the treasures of God's house, and of the treasures of the things that belong to Yahweh.
21 The descendants of Ladan, descended from Gershon through him and who were leaders of the families of Ladan the Gershonite, were Jehieli and his sons,
22 Zetham, and Joel his brother, who oversaw the storehouses of Yahweh's house.
23 There were also guards drawn from the clans of Amram, Izhar, Hebron, and Uzziel.
24 Shebuel descendant of Gershom, son of Moses, was supervisor over the storehouses.
25 His relatives from the clan of Eliezer were his son Rehabiah.
Rehabiah's son Jeshaiah,
Jeshaiah's son Joram,
Joram's son Zichri, and
Zichri's son Shelomoth.
26 Shelomoth and his relatives were over all the storehouses holding the things that belong to Yahweh, that David the king, the family leaders, commanders over thousands and hundreds, and the army commanders had dedicated to Yahweh.
27 They dedicated some of the plunder won in battles for repairing Yahweh's house.
28 They were also in charge of everything that was dedicated to Yahweh by Samuel the prophet, Saul son of Kish, Abner son of Ner, and Joab son of Zeruiah. Everything that was dedicated to Yahweh was under the guard of Shelomoth and his relatives.
29 Of Izhar's descendants, Kenaniah and his sons were in charge of the civil affairs of Israel. They were officers and judges.
30 Of Hebron's descendants, Hashabiah and his brothers, 1,700 capable men, were in charge of Yahweh's work and the king's work. They were on the west side of the Jordan.
31 From Hebron's descendants, Jerijah was the leader of his descendants, counted from the lists of their families. In the fortieth year of the reign of David they examined the records and found among them men of ability in Jazer of Gilead.
32 Jerijah had 2,700 relatives, who were capable family leaders. David made them overseers over the tribes of Reuben and Gad, and the half tribe of Manasseh, for every matter pertaining to God, and for the king's affairs.


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Try to going back to the homepage or go away


BREAKING Last of the Summer Wine and Coronation Street star Jean Fergusson dead at 74
The actress' sad death has been confirmed by her agent - she was best known for playing Marina in Last of the Summer Wine
by Vicki Newman, https://www.mirror.co.uk/authors/vicki-newman/Actress Jean Fergusson has died at 74.
The Last of the Summer Wine and Coronation Street star's death was confirmed by her agent.
We'll be bringing you the latest updates on this breaking celebrity news story.
For the latest news and breaking news visit Mirror.co.uk/3am .
Get all the big headlines, pictures, analysis, opinion and video on the stories that matter to you.
Follow us on Twitter @DailyMirror - the official Daily Mirror & Mirror Online Twitter account - real news in real time.
We're also on Facebook /dailymirror - your news, features, videos and pictures throughout the day from the Daily Mirror, Sunday Mirror and Mirror Online.


--- layout: page title: Fogo Docs --- {% include JB/setup %}
Inherits Drawing.
This class draws a rounded rectangle for a panel to hold text.
Definition at line 14 of file Panel.hpp.


Web socket controllers provides functionality for handling messages for a specific web socket connection session. A web socket controller is a controller with specific methods for handling web socket sessions and messages. It is bound to a URI path using through aController annotation. When a client does a web socket handshake to the URI path the controller is bound to the web socket session for handling messages.
Web socket controllers adhere to the same rules as HTTP controllers. See section 5.5 Controllers for general information about controllers. Methods in a controller that handle web socket operations must be annotated with the Message annotation. The following is a list of possible method annotations for controller methods that handle web socket operations.
| Type | Description |
| Web socket open |
A method with any name which is annotated with the Message
annotation where the methods attribute contains the value WebSocketOperation.OPEN . The method will be called
every time a new web socket connection session is opened.
|
| Web socket close |
A method with any name which is annotated with the Message
annotation where the methods attribute contains the value WebSocketOperation.CLOSE . The method will be called
every time a new web socket connection session is closed.
|
| Binary message |
A method with any name which is annotated with the Message
annotation where the methods attribute contains the value WebSocketOperation.BINARY . The method will be called
every time a binary message is received.
|
| Text message |
A method with any name which is annotated with the Message
annotation where the methods attribute contains the value WebSocketOperation.TEXT . The method will be called
every time a text message is received.
|
The following is a list of parameter types that a web socket controller method can accept
| Parameter type | Description |
| HttpRequest |
An instance of HttpRequest used for accessing information
about the HTTP request. Only valid for methods that handle opening of new web socket connection sessions which are
methods that are annotated with the Message annotation
where the operations attribute contains the value WebSocketOperation.OPEN .
|
| HttpResponse |
An instance of HttpResponse used for constructing a HTTP response
to the client. Only valid for methods that handle opening of new web socket connection sessions which are
methods that are annotated with the Message annotation
where the operations attribute contains the value WebSocketOperation.OPEN .
|
| Service | Any object annotated with the Service annotation. |
| WebSocketSession | An instance of WebSocketSession used for sending responses to received messages. |
| WebSocketBinaryMessage |
An instance of WebSocketBinaryMessage which is a
message with a binary payload. Only valid for methods that handle binary messages which methods that are annotated with
the Message annotation where the operations attribute
contains the value WebSocketOperation.BINARY .
|
| WebSocketTextMessage |
An instance of WebSocketTextMessage which is a
message with a text payload. Only valid for methods that handle text messages which methods that are annotated with
the Message annotation where the operations attribute
contains the value WebSocketOperation.TEXT .
|
| Object |
An object annotated with the Serializable
annotation. Only valid for methods that handle text messages. The server deserializes the bean from content in the web socket test message based on the
contentType value in the Message
annotation.
|
The following is a list of return types that a web socket controller method can return
| Return type | Description |
| String |
Can be returned by methods that handle text or binary messages which are method that are annotated with the
Message annotation where the operations attribute
contains the value WebSocketOperation.BINARY or WebSocketOperation.TEXT . The string
is sent by the server as a text response message to the client.
|
| byte[] |
Can be returned by methods that handle text or binary messages which are method that are annotated with the
Message annotation where the operations attribute
contains the value WebSocketOperation.BINARY or WebSocketOperation.TEXT . The byte[]
array is sent by the server as a binary response message to the client.
|
| void |
If a web socket controller method does not return anything it is responsible to add any response it wants to send
to a client through a WebSocketSession instance which it may accept as a parameter.
|
Below is an example implementation of a simple controller which echoes all received messages back to
the client. The controller is mapped to the URI path /example/echo
. The controller is associated with
all clients making a websocket handshake to the URI. Any subsequent binary or text message will be handled
by the controller for as long as the websocket session is open.
@Controller(path = "/example/echo")
public class EchoWebSocketController {
private HashSet<WebSocketSession>();
public EchoWebSocketService() {
super();
this.sessions = new HashSet<WebSocketSession>();
}
@Message(operations = { WebSocketOperation.OPEN })
public void executeOpen(HttpRequest req, HttpResponse resp, WebSocketSession session) throws HttpException, IOException {
synchronized(this) {
sessions.add(session);
}
}
@Message(operations = { WebSocketOperation.BINARY })
public byte[] executeBinaryMessage(WebSocketBinaryMessage message, WebSocketSession session) throws WebSocketException, IOException {
byte[] messagePayload = message.getMessage();
return messagePayload;
}
@Message(operations = { WebSocketOperation.TEXT })
public String executeTextMessage(WebSocketTextMessage message, WebSocketSession session) throws WebSocketException, IOException {
String messagePayload = message.getMessage();
return messagePayload;
}
@Message(operations = { WebSocketOperation.CLOSE })
public void executeClose(WebSocketSession session) throws WebSocketException {
synchronized(this) {
sessions.remove(session);
}
}
}


Hilltop concrete house frames views of the sea and a shrine in Japan
by Semi HanKazunori Fujimoto Architects & Associates used corner windows for a concrete house with views of the sea and Itsukushima Shrine in Japan's Hiroshima prefecture.
House in Ajina is built atop a steep slope, resulting in uninterrupted vistas to the Seto Inland Sea with an internal layout that accommodates the change in levels.
Bedrooms are on the ground and second floors, with the main living spaces slotted in between them on the first floor.
Entry to House in Ajina is via an open-plan kitchen and living space, which is more than four metres above the bedroom below.
In the kitchen, striped glazing in the corners of the double-height ceiling bring in natural daylight, whilst other large rectangular windows in the room frame views of the sea.
The Seto Island Sea separates three out of five of Japan's main islands: Honshū, Shikoku, and Kyūshū.
Itsukushima island, also called Miyajima, is famous for the torii gates of the shrine, which look as if they are floating in the water off shore. From the house, residents are able to enjoy a unique view of both the island and shrine.
"The main intention was to create a house that faces the Itsukushima Shrine in the most dignified and modest way with respect," said the studio.
The master bedroom is found on the ground floor, below the living and kitchen.
Kazunori Fujimoto Architects intentionally kept the stairwell narrow and dark, in order to emphasise the different ceiling heights of the three floors.
"Sequences like this that descend underground give us more consciousness about the richness of a tranquil space," the studio said.
The architects looked to the style of de Stijl, the Dutch art movement that practiced abstraction of forms reduced to rectangular planes, to disassemble the traditional box house into its fundamental shapes.
House in Anja's simple interiors allow residents to focus on the relaxing atmosphere of the Seto Inland Sea.
A balcony extends towards the sea view on the house's south facade.
Adjacent to the balcony, one side of the exterior wall is offset from the facade by 600 millimetres, appearing to hover in front.
Kazunori Fujimoto Architect & Associates, which was founded in 1998, has recently completed a home in Ashiya with a delicate curved staircase.
CAPD also designed a minimal house in Tokushima with views of the sea, and Gosize built a concrete house in Hyōgo with multiple openings that frame views of an internal courtyard.
Photography is by Kazunori Fujimoto.
Project credits:
Architect: Kazunori Fujimoto Architect & Associates
Lead architects: Kazunori Fujimoto, Andrea Ferri
Structural engineer: Shinsuke Nishi (Nishi Structural Consultants)
Construction team: Komatsu Koumuten


Uses operator instead of postfix call to 'unary_!' or 'unary_~' etc.
Before:
val x = true.unary_!;
After:
val x = !true


Alex Bartley Nees
About
Blog
Contact
Hi, I'm Alex and this is my blog!
I love music, dancing, yoga, meditation, philosophy and coding!


I had taken Acid twice before this trip, and had taken a whole tab both times. I've been told that this is very good acid mind you, and I found both other times on acid to be too intense for my liking - it really seems to have a strong effect on me. Living in a country where BZP and TFMPP are legal over the counter drugs (which also contain electrolytes and amino acids to help the comedown) means I've tried the BZP and TFMPP combo quite often.
Set and Setting:
Me and a few mates had a great Drum and Bass gig lined up for the night, and I was quite sceptical about going to a D&B gig on Acid, considering my two previous trips. I was in a sound psycological state - I was happy with my life and where I was heading (attending university etc).
8:00pm - Take 100mg BZP + 50mg TFMPP
I feel the effects after about 40 mins, an 'Amped' feeling along with a feeling of inner content, I am happy to sit around, waiting for the gig which was to start at about 12am. I am very talkative, (as I usually am on BZP's). I spend the next 4 hours chilling out while more friends turn up to start drinking/dropping BZP/TFMPP.
12:00am (midnight) - Take 100mg BZP + 50mg TFMPP
This seems to slightly intensify the current feelings, just keeping me on the same level. I feel great. I'm getting excited about going to this gig now, and we start to talk about going down to the venue (a 15 min walk).  Nothing particularly interesting is happening to me as we walk along, although I notice the intensity of light more and everything seems much more crisp than usual. We pick up some chewing gum on the way - a necessity for BZP's, as otherwise I grind my teeth to bits.
1:00am
We reach the venue, I feel anxious about doing the acid, but tell myself that it's going to be great. I drop half a tab of acid and enter the gig. The music and BZP combo make not dancing almost impossible. I just had to get up and jump around, great times indeed, the music feels very absorbing.
1:40am
The acid started to kick in now, and I don't feel anxious like I usually do when I feel acid kicking in, which is great. My excitability for the music is huge, I wanted it faster and louder, and thanks to the great DJ, thats just what I get. Need water..
2:30am
Acid seems to be at around peak now. I see little amounts of visual halucionations, but my vision is all over qutie hazy and undefined. Lights are great to look at, and glow sticks/braclets are great to watch, as they leave tracers accross my vision. Drinking lots of water, as cotton mouth is getting quite bad. Music seems to be all around me, and inside me at the same time. I feel at one with the music, and dancing allows me to express this. I have energy out the walls, hypo, yet a perfect feeling of sublimity. I think to myself - this is the best night of my life. Nothing can come close to how good I feel at this moment. I want it to last forever.
6:00am
I begin to become more and more aware of my surroundings, the people dancing beside me and I notice all that is happening on the stage. I see the main act packing up while a new DJ comes to take over, and get a feeling that the nights about to end. My body feels as though I have little control over my dancing although this is most likely due to the fact that I've been dancing for a good solid 4 hours now. The music is no longer as encapsulating as it was, although when I finally leave the dance floor, I'm still boucing round to the music.
6:30am
We leave to go home, I'm still tripping quite hard off the Acid, and I have this awake feeling that could either be from the acid or BZP's. I stop to look at a statue and it does a dance for me - very cool.
7:30am
I go to bed, all my mates are still up on bzp's, they can't get to sleep. I manage to get an hour and a half's sleep, then another 4 hours after that. I feel drained for the remainder of the day, but nothing too bad - alot better than a nights heavy drinking thats for sure.
*******************************************************************
BZP/TFMPP and LSD is definatly one of the best experiences I've had with or without drugs. The BZP seemed to help greatly to relieve the anxiety that I usually experience with Acid. I didn't dwell on thoughts like I usually do with just Acid.
I must say that I had my doubts about combining these drugs, but they seemed to work together to create an almost overwhelming, yet still in control experience.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Ramina Habibollah is a Finland-based multidisciplinary artist born in Tehran. In her works, Ramina often combines and layers transparent, iridescent, and porous materials. By doing so, she builds spaces that touch upon notions of ecology, feminism, and cyborg anthropology. She is interested in exploring alternative ways of co-existing with other-than-human bodies and other dimensions. Ramina is currently thinking about connections between deep space and deep sea.
Ramina graduated from Art School MAA in Helsinki in 2017 (FI). Her artworks have been presented in Helsinki at HIAP Gallery Augusta, Third Space, Fascination for Biodiversity, Kivinokka as well as in Objekti 4, Espoo, and Gängeviertel, Hamburg (DE). Together with photographic artist Nayab Ikram, she also forms the curatorial duo in a way.


My hobbies include fitness, learning about new things, listening and making to music, video games, having fun with friends, and experiencing new things.


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Reversed message:{{reverseMessage()}}
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Ask a yes/no question:
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-
Front-end Developer
at ALDO Group (aldogroup.com)
Montreal, Canada.
Oct 2013 - Present
Front-end Developer
at ALDO Group (aldogroup.com)
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Cras scelerisque tincidunt elit id posuere.
- Etiam posuere diam ac turpis lacinia molestie.
- Donec rutrum lorem condimentum velit lobortis placerat.
- Pellentesque scelerisque arcu eu leo tincidunt, id accumsan lacus molestie.
- Donec congue quam nec ligula tempus, sed porttitor lectus ornare.
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-
Freelance Web UI Designer & Developer
at Web Cream (webcream.ca)
Montreal, Canada.
Feb 2013 - Oct 2013
Freelance Web UI Designer & Developer
at Web Cream (webcream.ca)
job brief
- description 1
- description 2
- description 3
- description 4
- description 5
-
Comprehensive Project Management Course
at School of continuing studies, McGill University.
Montreal, Canada.
Sep 2012 - Mar 2013
Comprehensive Project Management Course
at School of continuing studies, McGill University.
job brief
- description 1
- description 2
- description 3
- description 4
- description 5
-
Webmaster
at Doctors Without Borders, Middle East regional office (msf-me.org)
Abu Dhabi, UAE.
Dec 2009 - Jun 2012
Webmaster
at Doctors Without Borders, Middle East regional office (msf-me.org)
job brief
- description 1
- description 2
- description 3
- description 4
- description 5
-
Web UI Designer & Developer
at Omnia (omnia.ae)
Dubai, UAE.
Dec 2008 - Dec 2009
Web UI Designer & Developer
at Omnia (omnia.ae)
job brief
- description 1
- description 2
- description 3
- description 4
- description 5
-
Front-end Developer
at Catch Interactive
Dubai, UAE.
Jan 2008 - Dec 2008
Front-end Developer
at Catch Interactive
job brief
- description 1
- description 2
- description 3
- description 4
- description 5
-
CIW Professional Certification
at ciwcertified.com
-
Oct 2007
CIW Professional Certification
at ciwcertified.com
-
Web Designer
at Victory Link (victorylink.com)
Cairo, Egypt.
Sep 2005 - Oct 2007
Web Designer
at Victory Link (victorylink.com)
-
B.Sc., Computer Engineering
at AIET
Alexandria, Egypt.
Aug 2005
B.Sc., Computer Engineering
at AIET


Guidance
Guidance to help schools and local authorities understand their obligations in relation to the School Premises Regulations 2012.
Ref: DFE-00311-2013 PDF , 531KB , 16 pages
This is for:
It applies to:
The guidance helps schools and local authorities understand their obligations and duties in relation to:
Pupil referral units provide education for vulnerable children unable to attend a mainstream school.
Published: 14 May 2013
Updated: 9 March 2015


So happy to see you here! Please feel free to explore and learn a little bit more about me and my work. I'm Rix, and I'm an undergraduate student pursuing a Computer Science major and a Mathematics minor at Texas Christian University. I'm a rising Junior, and I'm a STEM Scholar there— and I'm super involved on campus! I'm a proud Charter sister of Kappa Delta Chi, and love to (1) Learn about technology, and (2) empower women. I love it most when both of these overlap!


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Make sure you hire an experienced deck and pergola builder in Cedar Falls and Cedar Rapids, IA
Looking to add some structure and architecture to your backyard while blending the project into an existing living space? A pergola can be a great place to start!
Generally, a pergola is a wide-open structure with four support beams, no walls, and a decorative roof design, such as a lattice. Commonly used for shade or even a touch of shelter from the elements, options are available to add a variety of customizable features such as screens that can be added to the roof or walls and strands of lights to decorate for evening and night time.
T.E.A.M. Builders LTD has experience building custom pergolas of all kinds on properties in the Cedar Falls and Cedar Rapids, IA area. Rely on us to build your custom deck quickly and correctly.
Benefits of pergolas
Boost your homes value
Add on or upgrade to gardens
Outdoor extension of your home
Adding Shade and Privacy
Increase your property value with a long lasting and maintenance-free deck/pergola


RUBYCRITIC
Overview
Summary
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F
1
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107
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THE HOOPER, OR THE HOOTER, OF SENNEN COVE.
THIS was supposed to be a spirit which took the form of a band of misty vapour, stretching across the bay, so opaque that nothing could be seen through it. It was regarded as a kindly interposition of some ministering spirit, to warn the fishermen against venturing to sea. This appearance was always followed, and often suddenly, by a severe storm. It is seldom or never seen now. One profane old fisherman would not be warned by the bank of fog. The weather was fine on the shore, and the
waves fell tranquilly on the sands; and this aged sinner, declaring he would not be made a fool of, persuaded some young men to join him. They manned a boat, and the aged leader, having with him a threshing-flail, blasphemously declared that he would drive. the spirit away; and he vigorously beat the fog with the "threshel"--so the flail is called.
The boat passed through the fog and went to sea. A severe storm came on. No one ever saw the boat or the men again; and since that time the Hooper has been rarely seen.


WITNESS LIST State Affairs Committee April 30, 2001-2:00P HB 496 For: Brady, Sharon (Self) Collett, Teresa (Self) De La Cerda, Antonio (Self) Dukes, David (Self and Christ in America Church and Rescue the Family) Faucette, Karen (Self) Johnson, Allen (Coalition for Traditional Marriage) Nicholas, Howard (Self) Ortiz, Marco (Self) Osorio, Leonardo (Self) Reid, Neil (Self) Shackelford, Kelly (Self and Free Market Foundation) Smith, Melvin (Self) Spear, Aubrey (Self) Stewart, Greg (Self) Against: del Llano, Ann (ACLU) Martino, Kelly (Self) Peters, Antoinette (Self) Riddering, Hannah (Self and Texas National Organization for Women) Rundin, John (Self) Spradling, Scott (Self and Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Vose, Seth (Self) Weston, Michele (Self and Women's Action Coalition of Austin) Registering, but not testifying: For: Armstrong, Bo (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) Armstrong, Rebecca (Self) Ayala, Frances (Self) Ayala, Rodolfo (Self) Bangert, Ryan (Texas Eagle Forum) Bangerter, Lucy (Self) Bradley, Matthew (Self) Bradley, Rachel (Self) Brady, Allan (Self) Burgener, Rachelle (Self) Burgener, Tyler (Self) Butler, Jim (Self) Cravens, Peggy (Self) Cruz, Cristina (Self) Cruz, Raul (Self) Cutler, Isaac (Self) Cutler, Merinda Gurney (Self) Cutler, Richard (Self) Dudgeon, Martha (Self) Ferguson, Robert (Self) Garza, Francisco (Self) Garza, Martias (Self) Gerstenschlager, Merry Lynn (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) Hoover, Andrew (Self) Kimball, Thomas (Self) King, James (Self) Kral, Joe (Self) Latham, Benny (Self) Lloyd, Barbara (Self) Nielsen, Kendal (Self) Partridge, John (Self) Partridge, Julie (Concerned Women of America) Pojman, Joseph (Self) Rushing, Linda (Texas Catholic Conference) Semadeni, Annalisa (Self) Silva, Baldemar (Self) Smith, Elise (Self) Sorensen, Elin (Self) Sterling, S. (Self) Stringer, Douglas (Self) Tarver, Paula (Self) Williams, Mirna (Self) Williams, Wes (Self) Wilson, Robert (Self) Against: Cartwright, Jon (Self) Garcia, Dianne Hardy (Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Goodstein, Rebecca (Self) Harrell, William (ACLU) Hollar, Julie (Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Isbell, Bradly (Self) Ramsey, Lesley (Self) Smoot, Samantha (Texas Freedom Network) Underwood, John (Self) Zucker, Charles (Texas Faculty Association) HB 668 Registering, but not testifying: For: del Llano, Ann (ACLU) Cartwright, Jon (Self) Garcia, Dianne Hardy (Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Goodstein, Rebecca (Self) Harrell, William (ACLU) Hinojosa, Walter (AFL-CIO) Hollar, Julie (Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Isbell, Bradly (Self) Martino, Kelly (Self) Peters, Antoinette (Self) Ramsey, Lesley (Self) Riddering, Hannah (Self and Texas National Organization for Women) Rundin, John (Self) Spradling, Scott (Self and Lesbian and Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Underwood, John (Self) Vose, Seth (Self) Against: Armstrong, Bo (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) Armstrong, Rebecca (Self) Cravens, Peggy (Self) Gerstenschlager, Merry Lynn (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) Hammond, Bill (Texas Association of Business) Latham, Benny (Self) Lloyd, Barbara (Self) Price, Ann Abrams (Texas Employment Law Council) HB 813 Registering, but not testifying: For: del Llano, Ann (ACLU) Dickey, Will (National Association of Social Workers) Garcia, Dianne Hardy (Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Harrell, William (ACLU) Hinojosa, Walter (AFL-CIO) Hollar, Julie (Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Isbell, Bradly (Self) Landry, Richard (PACE International Union) Martino, Kelly (Self) Ramsey, Lesley (Self) Riddering, Hannah (Self and Texas National Organization for Women) Rundin, John (Self) Spradling, Scott (Self and Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Vose, Seth (Self) Against: Armstrong, Bo (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) Armstrong, Rebecca (Self) Cravens, Peggy (Self) Gerstenschalger, Merry Lynn (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) Hammond, Bill (Texas Association of Business) Latham, Benny (Self) Lloyd, Barbara (Self) Price, Ann Abrams (Texas Employment Law Council) HB 816 For: Osborn, John (Self) Registering, but not testifying: For: del Llano, Ann (ACLU) Cartwright, Jon (Self) Garcia, Dianne Hardy (Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Goodstein, Rebecca (Self) Harrell, William (ACLU) Hinojosa, Walter (AFL-CIO) Hollar, Julie (Lesbian Gay Rights Lobby of Texas) Isbell, Bradly (Self) Landry, Richard (PACE International Union) Martino, Kelly (Self) Peters, Antoinette (Self) Ramsey, Lesley (Self) Riddering, Hannah (Self and Texas National Organization for Women) Rundin, John (Self) Underwood, John (Self) Zaremba, Cheryl (Self) Against: Armstrong, Bo (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) Armstrong, Rebecca (Self) Cravens, Peggy (Self) Gerstenschlager, Merry Lynn (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) Latham, Benny (Self) Lloyd, Barbara (Self) HB 953 For: Adusei, Rhoda (Self) Captain, Myrtle (Self and Texas State Conference of NAACP) Jones, Joni (Self) Roberts, Daron (Self) Whitley, Marlen (Self) Against: Converse, Laurence (Self and Military Order of the Loyal Legion of the United States, et al.) Patterson, Jerry (Self) Weber, David (Sons of Confederate Veterans) Registering, but not testifying: For: del Llano, Ann (ACLU) Dickey, Will (National Association of Social Workers) Isbell, Bradly (Self) Kaliski, Katherine (Self) Kracman, David (Self) O'Quinn, Dustin (Self) Ward, Stephen (Self) Weston, Michele (Self and Womens Action Coalition of Austin) Williams, Michael (Self) Against: Gerstenschlager, Merry Lynn (Self and Texas Eagle Forum) On: Ohlendorf, Patricia (University of Texas at Austin) HB 1861 For: Arnold, Paula (Houston Independent School District) Bacon, April (Texas Association of County Auditors and Travis County Auditor's Office) Carpenter, Bill (Houston Independent School District) Against: Baggett, Donnis (Texas Daily Newspaper Association and Texas Press Association) Registering, but not testifying: For: Porter, Virginia (Dallas County Auditor) Woodford, Suzy (Self and Common Cause Texas) Against: Mitchell, Kathy (Consumers Union) Schneider, Michael (Texas Association of Broadcasters) HB 2860 For: Steinhauser, Suki (Communities in Schools - Central Texas, Inc.) Registering, but not testifying: On: Shakespeare, Christine (Texas Commission on Volunteerism and Community Service) SB 363 For: Stone, Sam (Texas Independent Blood Centers) SB 390 Against: Baggett, Donnis (Texas Daily Newspaper Association and Texas Press Association) Registering, but not testifying: Against: Schneider, Michael (Texas Association of Broadcasters) On: Kiplin, Kimberly (Texas Lottery Commission) SB 799 Registering, but not testifying: On: Pesquera, Theresa (Comptroller of Public Accounts) Robbins, Stacey (State Auditor's Office) SB 1783 Committee Substitute (Wolens) For: Akers, Monte (Texas Municipal League) Arnold, W. D. (Texas Cable and Telecommunications Association) Camacho, Jose (Valor Telecom) Cohen, Bruce (Verizon) Gray, Weldon (Eastex Telephone Cooperative, TSTCI, and Texas Telephone Association) Jones, Tom (Sprint Corp.) Lopez, Dave (Southwestern Bell Telephone) Willis, D. L. "Dally" (Communications Workers of America) Against: Brown, Brook (Texas Telephone Association) Wyatt, Mark (Texas Telephone Association) On: Guthrie, Darrell (Public Utility Commission of Texas) Perlman, Brett (Public Utility Commission of Texas) Registering, but not testifying: On: Tessen, Robert Sam (Telecommunications Infrastructure Fund) Wegner, Terri (Comptroller of Public Accounts) Whittington, Pam (Public Utility Commission of Texas)


001/* 002 * Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one or more 003 * contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file distributed with 004 * this work for additional information regarding copyright ownership. 005 * The ASF licenses this file to You under the Apache License, Version 2.0 006 * (the "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance with 007 * the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at 008 * 009 * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 010 * 011 * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software 012 * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, 013 * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. 014 * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and 015 * limitations under the License. 016 */ 017package org.apache.commons.configuration2.beanutils; 018 019import java.util.Collection; 020import java.util.Map; 021 022/** 023 *
 024 * Definition of an interface for declaring a bean in a configuration file. 025 *
 026 *
 027 * Commons Configurations allows to define beans (i.e. simple Java objects) in configuration files, which can be created 028 * at runtime. This is especially useful if you program against interfaces and want to define the concrete 029 * implementation class is a configuration file. 030 *
 031 *
 032 * This interface defines methods for retrieving all information about a bean that should be created from a 033 * configuration file, e.g. the bean's properties or the factory to use for creating the instance. With different 034 * implementations different "layouts" of bean declarations can be supported. For instance if an XML 035 * configuration file is used, all features of XML (e.g. attributes, nested elements) can be used to define the bean. In 036 * a properties file the declaration format is more limited. The purpose of this interface is to abstract from the 037 * concrete declaration format. 038 *
 039 * 040 * @since 1.3 041 */ 042public interface BeanDeclaration { 043 044 /** 045 * Gets the name of the {@code BeanFactory} that should be used for creating the bean instance. This can be 046 * null, then a default factory will be used. 047 * 048 * @return the name of the bean factory 049 */ 050 String getBeanFactoryName(); 051 052 /** 053 * Gets an arbitrary object that will be passed to the bean factory. Its meaning is not further 054 * specified. The purpose of this additional parameter is to support a further configuration of the bean factory that 055 * can be placed directly at the bean declaration. 056 * 057 * @return a parameter for the bean factory 058 */ 059 Object getBeanFactoryParameter(); 060 061 /** 062 * Gets the name of the bean class, from which an instance is to be created. This value must be defined unless a 063 * default class is provided for the bean creation operation. 064 * 065 * @return the name of the bean class 066 */ 067 String getBeanClassName(); 068 069 /** 070 * Gets a map with properties that should be initialized on the newly created bean. The map's keys are the names of 071 * the properties; the corresponding values are the properties' values. The return value can be null if no 072 * properties should be set. 073 * 074 * @return a map with properties to be initialized 075 */ 076 Map<String, Object> getBeanProperties(); 077 078 /** 079 * Gets a map with declarations for beans that should be set as properties of the newly created bean. This allows for 080 * complex initialization scenarios: a bean for a bean that contains complex properties (e.g. other beans) can have 081 * nested declarations for defining these complex properties. The returned map's key are the names of the properties to 082 * initialize. The values are either {@code BeanDeclaration} implementations or collections thereof. They will be 083 * treated like this declaration (in a recursive manner), and the resulting beans are assigned to the corresponding 084 * properties. 085 * 086 * @return a map with nested bean declarations 087 */ 088 Map<String, Object> getNestedBeanDeclarations(); 089 090 /** 091 * Gets a collection with constructor arguments. This data is used to determine the constructor of the bean class to 092 * be invoked. The values of the arguments are passed to the constructor. An implementation can return null or an 093 * empty collection; then the standard constructor of the bean class is called. 094 * 095 * @return a collection with the arguments to be passed to the bean class's constructor 096 */ 097 Collection<ConstructorArg> getConstructorArgs(); 098}


{% extends 'layout.html' %} {% from 'details/macro.njk' import details %} {% block pageTitle %} Chickenpox - NHS {% endblock %} {% block beforeContent %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
Chickenpox is common and mostly affects children, although you can get it at any age. It usually gets better by itself within a week without needing to see a GP.
An itchy, spotty rash is the main symptom of chickenpox. It can be anywhere on the body.
The chickenpox rash happens in 3 stages, but new spots can appear while others are becoming blisters or forming a scab.
The spots are usually round and less than 1cm in size.
They can:
The spots fill with fluid and become blisters. The blisters are very itchy and may burst.
The spots scab over. Some are flaky while others are weepy.
New spots might appear while others are becoming blisters or forming a scab.
Before or after the rash appears, you might also get:
Chickenpox can make children feel miserable, even if they do not have many spots.
Chickenpox symptoms are usually much worse in adults.
It's possible to get chickenpox more than once, but it's unusual.
Check other rashes in children.
You'll need to stay away from school, nursery or work until all the spots have crusted over.
This is usually 5 days after the spots appeared.
drink plenty of fluid (try ice lollies if your child is not drinking) to avoid dehydration
take paracetamol to help with pain and discomfort
put socks on your child's hands at night to stop scratching
cut your child's nails
use cooling creams or gels from a pharmacy
speak to a pharmacist about using antihistamine medicine to help itching
bathe in cool water and pat the skin dry (do not rub)
dress in loose clothes
check with your airline if you're going on holiday – many airlines will not allow you to fly with chickenpox
do not use ibuprofen unless advised to do so by a doctor, as it may cause serious skin infections
do not give aspirin to children under 16
do not be around pregnant women, newborn babies and people with a weakened immune system, as chickenpox can be dangerous for them
Tell the receptionist you think it's chickenpox before going in.
They may recommend a special appointment time if other patients are at risk.
It's still important to get help from a GP if you need it. To contact your GP surgery:
You may need medicine to prevent complications. You need to take it within 24 hours of the spots appearing.
111 will tell you what to do. They can arrange a phone call from a nurse or doctor if you need one.
Go to 111.nhs.uk or call 111.
You can catch chickenpox by being in the same room as someone with it. It's also spread by touching clothes or bedding that has fluid from the blisters on them.
Chickenpox is infectious from 2 days before the spots appear, until they have all crusted over – usually 5 days after they first appeared.
It takes 1 to 3 weeks from the time you were exposed to chickenpox for the spots to start appearing.
It's rare to get chickenpox when you're pregnant, and the chance of it causing complications is low.
If you do get chickenpox when you're pregnant, there's a small risk of your baby being very ill when it's born.
Speak to a GP if you have not had chickenpox and have been near someone with it.
You can get the chickenpox vaccine on the NHS if there's a risk of harming someone with a weakened immune system if you spread the virus to them.
For example, a child can be vaccinated if 1 of their parents is having chemotherapy.
You can also pay for the vaccine at some private clinics or travel clinics. It costs between £120 and £200.
You cannot catch shingles from someone with chickenpox.
You can catch chickenpox from someone with shingles if you have not had chickenpox before.
When you get chickenpox, the virus stays in your body. The virus can be triggered again if your immune system is weak. This cause shingles.
This can happen because of stress, certain conditions, or treatments like chemotherapy.


pusion.evaluation.evaluation module¶
- class pusion.evaluation.evaluation.Evaluation(*argv)¶
Bases:
object
Evaluation
provides methods for evaluating decision outputs (i.e. combiners and classifiers) with different problems and coverage types.- Parameters
argv – Performance metric functions.
- evaluate(true_assignments, decision_tensor)¶
Evaluate the decision outputs with already set classification performance metrics.
Warning
This evaluation is only applicable on redundant multiclass or multilabel decision outputs.
- Parameters
true_assignments – numpy.array of shape (n_samples, n_classes). Matrix of crisp class assignments which are considered true for the evaluation.
decision_tensor – numpy.array of shape (n_classifiers, n_samples, n_classes). Tensor of crisp decision outputs by different classifiers per sample.
- Returns
numpy.array of shape (n_instances, n_metrics). Performance matrix containing performance values for each set instance row-wise and each set performance metric column-wise.
- evaluate_cr_decision_outputs(true_assignments, decision_outputs, coverage=None)¶
Evaluate complementary-redundant decision outputs with already set classification performance metrics. The outputs of each classifier for each class is considered as a binary output and thus, the performance is calculated class-wise and averaged across all classes, which are covered by individual classifiers.
Note
This evaluation is applicable on complementary-redundant ensemble classifier outputs.
- Parameters
true_assignments – numpy.array of shape (n_samples, n_classes). Matrix of crisp class assignments which are considered true for the evaluation.
decision_outputs – numpy.array of shape (n_classifiers, n_samples, n_classes) or a list of numpy.array elements of shape (n_samples, n_classes’), where n_classes’ is classifier-specific due to the coverage.
coverage – list of list elements. Each inner list contains classes as integers covered by a classifier, which is identified by the positional index of the respective list. If none set, the coverage for fully redundant classification is chosen by default.
- Returns
numpy.array of shape (n_instances, n_metrics). Performance matrix containing performance values for each set instance row-wise and each set performance metric column-wise.
- evaluate_cr_multi_combiner_decision_outputs(true_assignments, decision_tensor)¶
Evaluate decision outputs of multiple CR combiners with already set classification performance metrics. The evaluation is performed by
evaluate_cr_decision_outputs()
for each combiner.- Parameters
true_assignments – numpy.array of shape (n_samples, n_classes). Matrix of crisp class assignments which are considered true for the evaluation.
decision_tensor – numpy.array of shape (n_combiners, n_samples, n_classes). Tensor of crisp decision outputs by different combiners per sample.
- Returns
numpy.array of shape (n_instances, n_metrics). Performance matrix containing performance values for each set instance row-wise and each set performance metric column-wise.
- class_wise_mean_score(true_assignments, decision_outputs, coverage, metric)¶
Calculate the class-wise mean score with the given metric for the given classification outputs.
- Parameters
true_assignments – numpy.array of shape (n_samples, n_classes). Matrix of crisp class assignments which are considered true for the evaluation.
decision_outputs – numpy.array of shape (n_classifiers, n_samples, n_classes) or a list of numpy.array elements of shape (n_samples, n_classes’), where n_classes’ is classifier-specific due to the coverage.
coverage – list of list elements. Each inner list contains classes as integers covered by a classifier, which is identified by the positional index of the respective list. If none set, the coverage for fully redundant classification is chosen by default.
metric – The score metric.
- Returns
numpy.array of shape (n_classes,). The mean score per class across all classifiers.
- get_report()¶
- Returns
A summary Report of performed evaluations including all involved instances and performance metrics.
- get_runtime_report()¶
- Returns
A summary Report of train and combine runtimes for all involved instances.
- get_instances()¶
- Returns
A list of instances (i.e. combiner or classifiers) been evaluated.
- get_metrics()¶
- Returns
A list of performance metrics been used for evaluation.
- get_performance_matrix()¶
- Returns
numpy.array of shape (n_instances, n_metrics). Performance matrix containing performance values for each set instance row-wise and each set performance metric column-wise.
- get_runtime_matrix()¶
- Returns
numpy.array of shape (n_instances, 2). Runtime matrix containing runtimes for each set instance row-wise. The column at index 0 describes train times and the column at index 1 describes combine times.
- get_top_n_instances(n=None, metric=None)¶
Retrieve top n best instances according to the given metric in a sorted order.
- Parameters
n – integer. Number of instances to be retrieved. If unset, all instances are retrieved.
metric – The metric all instances are sorted by. If unset, the first metric is used.
- Returns
Evaluated top n instances.
- get_top_instances(metric=None)¶
Retrieve best performing instances according to the given metric. Multiple instances may be returned having the identical best performance score.
- Parameters
metric – The metric all instances were evaluated with. If unset, the first metric is used.
- Returns
Evaluated top instances according to their performance.
- get_instance_performance_tuples(metric=None)¶
Retrieve (instance, performance) tuples created for to the given metric.
- Parameters
metric – The metric all instances are evaluated by. If unset, the first set metric is used.
- Returns
list of (instance, performance) tuples.
- set_metrics(*argv)¶
- Parameters
argv – Performance metric functions.
- set_instances(instances)¶
- Parameters
instances – An instance or a list of instances to be evaluated, e.g. classifiers or combiners.
- set_runtimes(runtimes)¶
- Parameters
runtimes – A tuple of two lists of tuples describing the train and combine runtimes respectively. Each runtime list is aligned with the list of set instances.


Stopwatch is made using HTML, CSS, Bootstrap and Vanilla JavaScript. This product is currently in Beta Phase and hence, only important features are available right now. Please ignore the next paragraph as it's just some 'lorem ipsum' text.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Repudiandae porro quia nobis corporis dolores. Quas ipsam repellendus incidunt architecto corrupti! Modi cum quod assumenda illum consequuntur, impedit dignissimos labore voluptas?


Class: GlobalEvents
| Defined in: | src/utils/globalEvents.coffee |
Overview
Normalising Global events and passing them To PubSub
Instance Method Summary
- # (void) ready() Window/Document ready
- # (void) _ready_completed() Remove event and publish load event once fired
- # (void) resize() Listen to browser resize and pass to pubsub
- # (void) _resize_handler() Do not fire all the resize events as will slow down plugins
- # (void) _resize_fire() Publish resize event
- # (void) _resize_get_breakpoint_name() Get CSS breakpoint name for resize
- # (void) scroll() Scroll event to pubsub
- # (void) _scroll_handler() Do not fire all the scroll events as will slow down plugins
- # (void) _scroll_fire() Publish scroll event
Constructor Details
#
(void)
constructor()
Instance Method Details
#
(void)
ready()
Window/Document ready
#
(void)
_ready_completed()
Remove event and publish load event once fired
#
(void)
resize()
Listen to browser resize and pass to pubsub
#
(void)
_resize_handler()
Do not fire all the resize events as will slow down plugins
#
(void)
_resize_fire()
Publish resize event
#
(void)
_resize_get_breakpoint_name()
Get CSS breakpoint name for resize
#
(void)
scroll()
Scroll event to pubsub
#
(void)
_scroll_handler()
Do not fire all the scroll events as will slow down plugins
#
(void)
_scroll_fire()
Publish scroll event


Auxilliary Tool:
A data structure that learns a non-linear tuning curve for mapping feature outputs to image labels. This is the "weak learner" used by GentleBoost.
More...
#include <FeatureRegressor2.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| FeatureRegressor2 () | |
| Default Constructor. | |
| void | setFeature (const Feature2 *feature) |
| Set feature. Must call train again after setting feature. | |
| FeatureRegressor2 (const Feature2 *feature) | |
| Constructor. | |
| ~FeatureRegressor2 () | |
| Destructor. | |
| FeatureRegressor2 (const FeatureRegressor2 ©) | |
| Copy Constructor. | |
| FeatureRegressor2 & | operator= (const FeatureRegressor2 &rhs) |
| Assignment operator. | |
| void | train (int numTableElements, const std::vector< ImagePatch2 > &patches, const cv::Mat &labels, const cv::Mat &dataWeights) |
| Train the regression model with data. | |
| void | predict (const std::vector< ImagePatch2 > &patches, cv::Mat &scalarVals) const |
| Try to predict whether new ImagePatch data are the object we're trying to detect. | |
| void | predictPatchList (PatchList2 *patches) const |
| Try to predict whether a set of patches corresponding to image locations are the object. This is used for efficiently searching through a whole image for the object. | |
| void | applyLUTToImage (cv::Mat &image) const |
| Assuming all patches in an image were filtered with the feature, this will make a prediction for each pixel as to whether it is the top left corner of the trained object. Modifies the input image. | |
| void | combineLUTs (const FeatureRegressor2 &other) |
| Combine predictions from two regressors. This can be used to "boost" the confidence of a single feature in a computationally efficient way. | |
| double | getLUTRange () const |
| Gets the range of feature values computed during training (max-min). This can be useful for detecting degenerate features that produce extremely small ranges of values. | |
| Feature2 * | getFeature () const |
| Get the feature that this FeatureRegressor was created with. This returns the actual feature object used by the regressor, which is a copy of the one it was trained with. | |
| cv::Size | getFeaturePatchSize () const |
| Get the patch size of the FeatureRegressor's Feature. | |
Static Public Attributes | |
| static double | TAU = .05 |
| Window-Size regularization Parameter. | |
| static double | EPS = .001 |
| No-Evidence regularization Parameter. | |
Friends | |
| cv::FileStorage & | operator<< (cv::FileStorage &fs, const FeatureRegressor2 ®) |
| Write to a file. | |
| void | operator>> (const cv::FileNode &fs, FeatureRegressor2 ®) |
| Read from a file. |
Auxilliary Tool:
A data structure that learns a non-linear tuning curve for mapping feature outputs to image labels. This is the "weak learner" used by GentleBoost.
A FeatureRegressor is initialized with a feature. It must then be trained, using a set of image patches, labels indicating whether the image patches are positive or negative examples (-1 for negative, +1 for positive), and weights for each example, which specify how much the learner should care about getting the answer of that example correct, relative to the other examples.
Two regularization parameters control the behavior of the feature regressor: TAU describes the window-of-influence of each example, and can range from (0-1], with a default of 0.05. EPS describes what happens in regions with no data. If EPS is high, the classifier will revert to the mean label in regions with no data. If EPS is 0, the classifier will use the label of the nearest point. The default is 0.001. Since these are regularization parameters, it doesn't make sense to tune them on an individual basis. Therefore, they are static variables.
| FeatureRegressor2::FeatureRegressor2 | ( | const Feature2 * | feature ) |
Constructor.
| feature | The feature that transforms ImagePatch data into a scalar value. |
| void FeatureRegressor2::applyLUTToImage | ( | cv::Mat & | image ) | const |
Assuming all patches in an image were filtered with the feature, this will make a prediction for each pixel as to whether it is the top left corner of the trained object. Modifies the input image.
| image | Precondition: contains the filter outputs at each point in the image. Postcondition: contains the prediction (in -1:1) about whether the top-left of the object is located at each pixel. |
| void FeatureRegressor2::combineLUTs | ( | const FeatureRegressor2 & | other ) |
Combine predictions from two regressors. This can be used to "boost" the confidence of a single feature in a computationally efficient way.
| other | Another FeatureRegressor, trained with either different data, or a different weighting, but that has the same base feature. |
| Feature2 * FeatureRegressor2::getFeature | ( | ) | const |
Get the feature that this FeatureRegressor was created with. This returns the actual feature object used by the regressor, which is a copy of the one it was trained with.
return The actual feature object of the regressor.
| cv::Size FeatureRegressor2::getFeaturePatchSize | ( | ) | const |
Get the patch size of the FeatureRegressor's Feature.
| double FeatureRegressor2::getLUTRange | ( | ) | const |
Gets the range of feature values computed during training (max-min). This can be useful for detecting degenerate features that produce extremely small ranges of values.
| void FeatureRegressor2::predict | ( | const std::vector< ImagePatch2 > & | patches, |
| cv::Mat & | scalarVals | ||
| ) | const |
Try to predict whether new ImagePatch data are the object we're trying to detect.
| patches | The image patches that are or are not examples of the class of interest. |
| scalarVals | A graded confidence that the patch is or is not the object of interest (set by the algorithm), ranging from +1 (sure that it is the object) through 0 (completely unsure) to -1 (sure that it's not an instance of the object). If the provided CvMat is NULL or has inappropriate size, it will be freed and recreated. |
| void FeatureRegressor2::predictPatchList | ( | PatchList2 * | patches ) | const |
Try to predict whether a set of patches corresponding to image locations are the object. This is used for efficiently searching through a whole image for the object.
| patches | Candidate locations in the image where it is thought the object may be. The results are stored in the PatchList data structure. |
| void FeatureRegressor2::train | ( | int | numTableElements, |
| const std::vector< ImagePatch2 > & | patches, | ||
| const cv::Mat & | labels, | ||
| const cv::Mat & | dataWeights | ||
| ) |
Train the regression model with data.
| numTableElements | The learned tuning curve is discretized into a number of discrete bins, based on the range of feature outputs observed in training. A reasonable number of bins is 100. |
| patches | The image patches that are or are not examples of the class of interest. |
| labels | Labels indicating whether each patch is or isn't the object we're trying to detect, +1 means yes, -1 means no. |
| dataWeights | Specify how much the learner should care about getting the answer of that example correct, relative to the other examples. |
double FeatureRegressor2::EPS = .001 [static] |
No-Evidence regularization Parameter.
EPS describes what happens in regions with no data. If EPS is high, the classifier will revert to the mean label in regions with no data. If EPS is 0, the classifier will use the label of the nearest point. The default is 0.001.
double FeatureRegressor2::TAU = .05 [static] |
Window-Size regularization Parameter.
TAU describes the window-of-influence of each example, and can range from (0-1], with a default of 0.05.


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| Name | Date | Action |
|---|---|---|
| 20160701_1234-1234-1234-1234_APPLICATION_1.pdf | 01/07/2016 | View |
| 20160701_1234-1234-1234-1234_ID-TRAVEL_2.pdf | 01/07/2016 | View |
| 20160701_1234-1234-1234-1234_FINANCES_3.pdf | 01/07/2016 | View |
| 20160701_1234-1234-1234-1234_ID-TRAVEL_4.pdf | 01/07/2016 | View |
| 20160701_1234-1234-1234-1234_EDUCATION_5.pdf | 01/07/2016 | View |


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