vignettes/transmission_record.Rmd
transmission_record.Rmd
In order for a transmission model to plug into the SIMPLEGEN pipeline, it needs to be able to generate a transmission record. This vignette describes the format of the transmission record and explains the logic behind storing information in this way.
When we simulate from a transmission model there are typically many thousands or even millions of events that take place. Some of these events have the potential to impact the genotypes that we see in our final sample of infected people. This does not mean they definitely will impact the observed genotypes, just that that could in theory impact them. A good example is a host being bitten by two infectious mosquitoes; this could result in a polyclonal infection if the mosquitoes carry different genotypes, or it could result in a monoclonal infection if the mosquitoes carry the same genotype.
On the other hand, there are many events that cannot impact the genotypes we see in our final sample. One example would be a human host dying, either as a result of infection or from natural causes. If a host dies then by definition it will not make it into our final sample of malaria-positive people, and so, for our purposes, tracking this event would be a waste of time and computer memory.
The purpose of the transmission record is to keep a record of all events that have the potential to impact the genotypes in the final sample. A secondary aim is to do this in a computationally efficient way, retaining only the minimum information required. A third and final aim is to do this in a simple and flexible way, thereby ensuring that as many models as possible can access the SIMPLEGEN pipeline.
These aims are slightly at odds with one another - there is no single file format that will achieve all three aims perfectly. In choosing the format of the transmission record we have tried to strike a balance that permits reasonably complex models while still keeping file sizes relatively small.
The transmission record works with infections, defined in this context as a population of parasites passed between human host and mosquito at the point of biting. A single infection can contain multiple genotypes or a single genotype, i.e. it is a lower level of granularity than a genotype. At the same time, an infection is a higher level of granularity than a malaria episode, which could be made up of multiple infection events. We need this middle ground in order capture things like superinfection, which doesn’t necessarily matter from a clinical perspective but can have important consequences for observed genetic variation.
This brings us to an important assumptions of the SIMPLEGEN pipeline:
We assume that the genotypes within an infection have no direct impact on any aspect of transmission.
A classic example would be genotypes separated by neutral mutations, i.e. those that confer no selective advantage to the parasite. In this case the frequencies of the different genotypes will drift up and down, perhaps undergoing strong bottlenecking at times, but crucially the relative frequencies will have no bearing on the overall progression of disease (otherwise they would not be neutral mutations).
We can also think of examples that violate this assumption. We can imagine a model in which a particular allele confers resistance to a commonly used antimalarial drug, thereby increasing the chance that infection persists even after treatment. Here, the presence or absence of the allele directly impacts the progression of the disease, and so we would need to know genotypes at the point of simulating transmission.
Although this assumption limits the kinds of models that can use the SIMPLEGEN pipeline, it does so with good reason. When this assumption is met it means we can separate out the genetic aspect of simulation from the epidemiological aspect, which in turn can have huge benefints in terms of speed and memory requirements. It still leaves the door open to many research and surveillance questions, for example those that rely on patterns of neutral genetic variation.
To make the transmission record we need a way of tracking infections as they are passed between human hosts and mosquitoes. This can be done quite easily by using three different types of IDs:
These IDs are nothing more than numbers that uniquely identify a given person/mosquito/infection. Figure 1 gives a diagram of an infection being passed from a human host to a mosquito. The human here has ID 21, the mosquito has ID 33, and the infection IDs are shown inside the small circles. The human host initially carries infection ID 1, which then becomes infection ID 2 when it is passed to the mosquito. We can say that infection 2 is the child of infection 1, and likewise infection 1 is the parent of infection 2. There is nothing special ocurring biologically when we move from infection ID 1 to 2, this is just how we label events.
A more complex example is given in Figure 2. Here we have several chains of transmission going between human hosts and mosquitoes.
There are several things to note from this diagram:
Every infection has a unique ID, even infections that are children of the same parent. For example, infections 3 and 4 are both children of infection 1, but they have different IDs to distinguish them from one another (they are different populations of parasites).
Both humans and mosquitoes can be infected multiple times. In this example human 25 picks up infections from two different mosquitoes, and similarly mosquito 35 picks up infections from two different humans. There is no limit imposed by the transmission record on the number of infections a human/mosquito can receive.
An infection can have a single parent or multiple parents. In this example infection 12 is the child of parents 8 and 9. This does not mean anything in terms of genotypes, at this stage we are just tracking which infections were present at the time of the mosquito bite. For example, it might be the case that due to bottlenecking all the genotypes in infection 12 eventualy end up coming from infection 8, but this doesn’t matter to us at this stage.
This method of tracking infections is simple, yet rich enough to capture some important dynamics such as human and mosquito superinfection. It leaves the door open to different types of genetic model later on.
Now that we have established some rules for how infections are passed between humans and mosquitoes, we can think about how to encode this information. Figure 3 gives the exact same information as Figure 2, but in the form of a table:
Again, there a few things to note from this table:
The time column tells us when the infectious bite happened. In this example we have events spread over five sequential days, but there is no need for time to be sequential like this.
The event column tells us whether this row represents a human being infected from a mosquito (event = 1) or a mosquito being infected from a human (event = 2). These are the only two possible events; if we wanted to represent parasites being passed in both directions in a single bite we would need to use two rows.
In some cases we might want to represent a new infection entering the population without a parent; for example an infection imported from outside our study population. In this case a value -1 can be used for both the infection ID and the human/mosquito ID. In the example above we start with two infected humans (21 and 22), and so these are encoded in the table as two new infections without parents.
This is the most basic format of the transmission record. Any simulation model that is capable of producing a record like the one above can plug into the SIMPLEGEN pipeline.
There are also some optional columns that can be used to add depth to the transmission record. The first is a record of parasite densities. In the example above it appears that infections within a host/mosquito are equally important, for example infection IDs 8 and 9 within host 25 are given equal weight, but in reality one of these infections might contribute far more to the total parasite load. We can accommodate this by storing the relative parasite densities of each infection in an additional parent_infection_density column. The values in this column correspond directly to the infections in the parent_infection_ID column, so if there are three values in one column then there must be three values in the other. Some genetic models might make use of this information while others might not.
The second optional field is the deme. This stores the deme (i.e. subpopulation) in which the human and mosquito reside at the time of the bite. For some models this information will be very important, for example if we want to assume some sort of spatial structure in our model with each location having a different mix of starting allele frequencies. Figure 4 gives an example of a transmission record with these optional extra columns:
Some things to note from this table:
Parasite densities are taken as relative values, meaning they can be proportions or absolute numbers.
Demes are integer numbers. In this example host 21 moves demes between their first and second mosquito bite.
The format of the transmission record is a comma-separated file (.csv), meaning it can be opened and browsed manually if needed. The next step in the pipeline will be to prune this record down, which can reduce file sizes dramatically.


--- layout: page title: About header-img: "img/about-bg.png" ---
Transitioning military pilot to full stack developer. Unlikely... Difficult... Crazy. Yes, yes and probably yes. But I am drawn to the possibility of being able to create something out of nothing by making ideas come to life. Worth it... I believe it is and I hope that I am able to inspire someone to do something uncomfortable.


| Name | Value | |
|---|---|---|
| Host | {{host}} | |
| IP | {{ip}} | |
| Port | {{port}} | |
| Protocol | {{protocol}} | |
| Server Name | {{server_name}} | |
| Server signature | {{server_signature}} |
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| Assessment status | {{assessment_status}} |
| Time taken for assessment(hh:mm:ss) | {{assessment_time}} |
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| Grade | {{grade}} |
| Exceptional grade | {{grade_exceptional}} |
| Grade warnings | {{grade_warnings}} |
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| Key size | {{key_size}} |
| Key strength | {{key_strength}} |
| Key algorithm | {{key_algorithm}} |
| Supported ciphers | {{supported_ciphers}} |
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| Domain delegation | {{domain_delegation}} |
| Session resumption | {{session_resumption}} |
| Session tickets support | {{session_tickets_support}} |
| Weak signature algorithm | {{weak_signature_algorithm}} |
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| Secure renegotiation | {{secure_renegotiation}} |
| Secure renegotiation server support | {{secure_renegotiation_server_support}} |
| Secure client renegotiation | {{secure_client_renegotiation}} |
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| SNI support | {{SNI_support}} |
| NPN protocol support | {{npn_protocol_support}} |
| OCSP stapling support | {{ocsp_stapling_support}} |
| Forward secrecy support | {{forward_secrecy_support}} |
| Name | Value |
|---|---|
| Certificate alternate names | webmail.barc.gov.in |
| Certificate common names | webmail.barc.gov.in |
| Certificate extended validation | N |
| Certificate issuer label | N |
| Certificate issuer subject | N |
| Certificate revocation status | N |
| Certificate signature algorithm | N |
| Certificate subject | N |
| Certificate validity | N |
| Certificate SCT support | N |


Wallace Office
@absulit
-
GitHub
-
VR
: Hand controllers and teleport with trigger.
Desktop
: Keyboard (WASD/arrows) and mouse.
Mobile
: 360.


The IcedTea-Sound package contains the PulseAudio-5.0 provider which was removed from IcedTea itself from version 2.5.0 onwards. More providers may be included in the future.
Because of pulseaudio real-time capabilities, the pulseaudio provider is said to provide smoother sound than the default alsa provider.
This package is known to build and work properly using an LFS-7.6 platform.
Download (HTTP): http://icedtea.classpath.org/download/source/icedtea-sound-1.0.1.tar.xz
Download MD5 sum: e4d8013735ae517c015327924dabf3ed
Download size: 1.44 MB
Estimated disk space required: 4.4 MB
Estimated build time: 0.1 SBU
OpenJDK-<IP_ADDRESS>/IcedTea-2.5.2 or Java-<IP_ADDRESS> (remember to configure as described in the OpenJDK-<IP_ADDRESS>/IcedTea-2.5.2 page), and PulseAudio-5.0
User Notes: http://wiki.linuxfromscratch.org/blfs/wiki/icedtea-sound
Install IcedTea-Sound by running the following commands:
./configure --with-jdk-home=${JAVA_HOME} --disable-docs && make
This package does not come with a working test suite.
Now, as the root
user:
case $(uname -m) in i?86 ) ARCH=i386 ;; x86_64 ) ARCH=amd64 ;; esac && install icedtea-sound.jar ${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/ext && install build/native/libicedtea-sound.so ${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/$ARCH && unset ARCH
--with-jdk-home=...
: This
parameter specifies the location of your JDK.
--disable-docs
: Disable
building the documentation.
The default installation of OpenJDK uses the ALSA provider. You
have to specify the PulseAudio provider in the sound.properties
file, as the root
user:
cat >> ${JAVA_HOME}/jre/lib/sound.properties << "EOF"
# Begin PulseAudio provider additions:
javax.sound.sampled.Clip=org.classpath.icedtea.pulseaudio.PulseAudioClip
javax.sound.sampled.SourceDataLine=org.classpath.icedtea.pulseaudio.PulseAudioSourceDataLine
javax.sound.sampled.TargetDataLine=org.classpath.icedtea.pulseaudio.PulseAudioTargetDataLine
# End PulseAudio provider additions
EOF
Last updated on 2014-09-18 22:41:15 -0700


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Torque 2D - Static Sprites Tutorial
In this tutorial, you'll learn how to set up and use static sprites in Torque 2D (T2D). In case you don't know what I mean when I say 'sprite', a sprite is a two-dimensional graphic image. In general, sprites can be animated or not, but a 'static' sprite is one that is not animated. Another term we'll be using a lot in this tutorial is 'image map', which refers to an image file. As far as file types go, Torque can use '.jpg' (or '.jpeg') and '.png' image maps.
To prepare for this tutorial, run Torque 2D and create a new
project by choosing New Project... from the file menu. Name the new project "Sprites" and use
the Empty Game project template. This creates
a new folder called Sprites in your user documents folder. For example, on Windows Vista or 7 it will be created in
USER_NAME/Documents/MyGames/Sprites.
We'll need to add a couple images to the Sprites project for this tutorial. When you're building your own game you'll create whatever images you need, but for now we're just going to copy a couple files from the resources supplied with T2D. Open your file browser and browse to the Torque Game Builder 1.7.5 Pro/resources/starterArt/images folder. Copy the files named ship.png and asteroids.png. Paste them into the Sprites/data/images folder. This data/images folder is the standard place for any image files used in a project, so when building your own games this is where you will put the graphics you create.
Back in Torque 2D, click the Create tab on the right side of the screen. To load one of the images that you just put into your project, click the Create a new ImageMap button under that tab (as shown in Figure 1). The Choose Your Image File dialog will appear.
Figure 1
Then browse out and locate the "ship.png" i mage file in our current project's data/images folder. Once you select the image click the Open button to bring it into the Level Builder.
Now that you've loaded your image file as a sprite, you'll see it as an option in the Static Sprites section of the Create tab. Putting it into your game couldn't be easier: just click, hold, and drag the image from the Create tab into the Scene View. When you release the mouse button, you'll see your sprite with a selection box around it, and a set of widget buttons above it (as shown in Figure 4).
Figure 4
To see your game as it would currently look, you can hit the Play Level button (looks like a little arrow pointing to the right) in the T2D taskbar. Since we haven't saved our project yet, you will be prompted to do so. Enter "Level 1" as the filename, and click Save File. You will now see what we have built so far, with the default Torque 2D background. Not too exciting, yet. When you are done, press the stop button in the Level Control box.
Now that the ship is inserted into our level, let's check out some of the properties of the sprite and how to edit them. To do this, select the ship sprite by clicking on it, then select the Edit tab on the right side of T2D (figure 5). In this tab, you will see many sections, each filled with properties of the currently selected object. You can click on the arrows to the left of the section names in order to expand or hide these properties. For now, we'll be checking out the Static Sprite and Scene Object properties, so open those sections and collapse all the other ones (as shown in Figure 5).
Figure 5
All a static sprite really consists of is an image map, so that is the only property available in the Static Sprite section. Changing the Image Map property changes the graphic of your sprite. We don't have any other image maps loaded, so let's not play with that for now.
The Scene Object section is a little more interesting. A Scene Object is the basic Torque 2D class for anything that is seen in your game, including static sprites. The properties shown in the Edit tab will cause real-time changes to the selected object, so if you change the Position X property to "60" and the Position Y property to "-40" and press Enter, the ship will move (figure 5). Go ahead and try this now. Drag the ship back towards the center. You'll see the Position properties change as you do this. We're going to go through all the Scene Object properties now. If you would like to, experiment with each one by changing it in the Edit tab and seeing what happens. If you want to use the Play Level button to see how your changes will actually look when the game is running, you must save the level first or your changes be lost!
Position (X and Y): Defines the screen location of the object. These properties can also be changed by dragging the object with the mouse.
Size (Width and Height): Defines the size of the object. These properties can also be changed by clicking and dragging the handles (small blue squares) on the selection-box that surrounds the object.
Rotation: Defines the angle of the object. You can also rotate the object by holding the alt key and dragging the object's handles.
Auto Rotation: Defines the object's in-game rotation in degrees per second. You can only see the effects of this when your game is actually running.
Flip Horizontal: Flips the object's image from left-to-right.
Flip Vertical: Flips the object's image from top-to-bottom.
Layer: Defines the object's screen layer. Higher numbers are further from the camera. For example, if you had a graphic of the ground under your ship, you'd want to set the ground's layer to a higher number than the ship. To see this in action, you can create another ship overlapping the first and increase its layer number.
Group: Defines the object's game group. This can be used to group the various objects in your game, especially for working with collisions. For example, you might want a 'player' group, an 'enemy' group, and a 'power-up' group. This is a somewhat advanced property, so don't worry if you don't totally grasp it.
Forward/Back: These buttons move an object up and down within its layer. This is similar to the Layer property, but only affects the draw order of objects that are in the same layer.
Visible: Defines whether or not the object is visible. When this is unchecked, your object is invisible.
Lifetime: Defines how many seconds of gameplay until an object is automatically deleted from a level. A value of zero means the object will never be deleted. You can only see the effects of this when your game is actually running.
A 'cell' image map is a single image file that contains multiple pictures. An example of this is the asteroids file that you copied into the images folder at the beginning of this tutorial. Let's check it out! Go back to the Create tab, and press the Create a new Imagemap button. Choose the asteroids file, and press Open. Now the asteroids image should be in the Level Builder, the problem is it's an entire image (which is the default). We want to change the settings on this Static Sprite, so double click the asteroids image in the Object Library. The Image Builder dialog comes up (as shown in Figure 6).
You can see in the preview screen that this image has 4 different asteroids in it. What we need to do now is divide it into 4 separate 'cells'. To do this, simply change the ImageMap dropdown to CELL (figure 6). The preview now shows you the asteroids divided into separate cells. We'll talk about more of the options in this dialog in the next section. For now, just click Save.
Figure 6
You can now see one of the asteroids in the Static Sprites section of the Create tab. Under the asteroid, you can see a label that says "1/4". This means that you are currently viewing cell 1 of 4. If you click on the "1/4" label underneath the asteroid image, it will move to the next cell. You can drag the visible asteroid into your game just like you would any other static sprite. Go ahead and drag one of each asteroid type into the Scene View (as shown in Figure 7).
Figure 7
For information on building a cell mode image like this one, check out the Image Map reference.
Time to take a look back at the Image Builder. To open the Image Builder for any of your sprites, you can double-click on its image in the Create tab. We're going to use the asteroids image as an example, so double click on that. You'll see the Image Builder dialog come up with all the asteroids' current settings, just like when you originally loaded it.
Let's begin with the preview image on the right. Under it are 3 buttons: Background, Zoom Selection, and Zoom. We'll go through all of them, now. Again, feel free to experiment with each.
Background: brings up a dialog that lets you change the color of the image background and the color of the borders around each cell.
Zoom Selection: lets you zoom in on an individual cell. First click Zoom Selection, then click on the cell you want to zoom into. Click Zoom Out when done.
Zoom: lets you zoom in on the image map as a whole. First click Zoom then click the area of the image you want to zoom in on.
Under these buttons, there is another row of buttons. They work as follows:
Delete: deletes the image map from your project.
Cancel: leaves the Image Builder.
Browse: takes you to the Choose Your Image File dialog.
Save: saves your changes.
Now let's take a quick look at the Image Settings section. The Image Name is the name that Torque 2D will use to refer to this image. It is almost always best to use the default, which is the image filename with "ImageMap" added to the end. We have already looked at 2 of the 3 image mode choices, FULL (use the whole image) and CELL (divide the image into cells). The remaining choice in the Image Mode dropdown is KEY, which is another way to have multiple images in one file. Key mode is explained in detail in the Image Maps reference, but basically it is a way to divide your image using a background color. The Filter Mode dropdown lets you choose whether or not to smooth your image when it is sized. For an example, use Zoom Selection to zoom in on one of the asteroids, then change Filter Mode to NONE. You will see the difference very clearly if you look at the edge of the asteroid.
Adjacent to the Image Mode and Filter Mode dropdowns there are 5 checkboxes. Filter Pad is used to make sure that cell based images don't bleed into each other. You will probably want this on any time you have Image Mode set to CELL. The other 4 checkboxes, Prefer Speed, Preload, Force 16 Bit and Allow Unload, are used for memory management and are beyond the scope of this tutorial. You can read about these properties in the Image Maps reference.
The final section in the Image Builder is the Cell Mode Options. These properties define how Torque 2D divides up the cells of an image. They are explained in full detail in the Image Maps reference, but for now we'll just take a quick look at Cell Height and Cell Width. These two properties define the size (in pixels) of each cell. To see an example of how this works, change both the values to 62. Now there are 16 cells, each half as big as the original 4 (as shown in Figure 8).
You now know the basics of using static sprites in Torque 2D. Experimenting with what you learned here will give you a more broad understanding of how to best use static sprites in your game. If you want to know more about image maps in general, read the 'Image Maps' reference. The Torque forums and TDN will also help you find answers to any further questions you may have. Enjoy!
Page
Revision 1.2


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %}{{ block.super }}: Qualified{% endblock %} {% block content %}
You will need the following documents to move forward with the divorce request:
You will need a BCeID account to access the Online Divorce Assistant. This is an online "ID" and password that enables you to securely access multiple online government services with a single user ID and password.
{% endblock %} {% block formbuttons %} {% endblock %} {% block sidebarNav %} {% endblock %} {% block sidebar %} {% endblock %}


Introduction to Web Development
Welcome
Change user
This is a page build by xuexian li.
test line one
test line two
test line three
Created base on Mozilla Developer network.
Mozilla's website


My name is Adegboyega Elisha,I'm popularly called Jaybee. I'm currently in Part 3 of the department of Linguistics and African Languages in the Faculty of Arts. I really love coding so much,I feel priviledged to know about it. I feel supernatural when I write code and it goes as planned. I have my future planned out within website because I know website is broad but I know within myself i'm not giving coding the best and time i'm suposed to give it. DSC thanks for being part of my story.


I really miss it.. its waves..its smell..its tranquility and anger..
I remember.. the last time I was at the beach, it was at midnight.. and I was with him..
It was really cold, not very cloudy, but the moon wasn’t so bright either
We saw a crab in the sand, and for the longest time we thought it was alive, but it was dead
We also saw a seagull swimming in the water, we thought it was a person at first..  I can still see their silhouette against the night sky, and the shadows they casted on the sand.
It was a cold night. But we had our hand in each other’s, and we smoked together.
Where did the smoke drift to I wonder..?


Album example
On average, one tree produces nearly 260 pounds of oxygen each year. Two mature trees can provide enough oxygen for a family of four." That same acre of trees also produces enough oxygen for 18 people to breathe for a year."
| Total Trees | {{block['treeCount']}} |
| Total Arable land | {{(block['totalArea'])|round|int}} sq.m |
| Total Oxygen | {{ block['treeCount']*260 }} pounds per year |
| Plantable Trees | {{(block['totalArea']//9)|int}} |


Please buy t-shirts from the online shop.
Or if you'd like to print your own, here's a huge image with a transparent background. It should print well on any dark colour.
The image of the Seven Sisters is based on a photograph by Paul Mison, used with permission.


|
PX4 Firmware
PX4 Autopilot Software http://px4.io
|
#include <FlightTaskAuto.hpp>
Public Member Functions | |
| FlightTaskAuto ()=default | |
| virtual | ~FlightTaskAuto ()=default |
| bool | initializeSubscriptions (SubscriptionArray &subscription_array) override |
| Initialize the uORB subscriptions using an array. More... | |
| bool | activate () override |
| Call once on the event where you switch to the task. More... | |
| bool | updateInitialize () override |
| Call before activate() or update() to initialize time and input data. More... | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from FlightTask | |
| FlightTask () | |
| virtual | ~FlightTask ()=default |
| virtual bool | applyCommandParameters (const vehicle_command_s &command) |
| To be called to adopt parameters from an arrived vehicle command. More... | |
| virtual bool | update ()=0 |
| To be called regularly in the control loop cycle to execute the task. More... | |
| const vehicle_local_position_setpoint_s | getPositionSetpoint () |
| Get the output data. More... | |
| const vehicle_constraints_s | getConstraints () |
| Get vehicle constraints. More... | |
| const vehicle_trajectory_waypoint_s | getAvoidanceWaypoint () |
| Get avoidance desired waypoint. More... | |
| void | handleParameterUpdate () |
| Call this whenever a parameter update notification is received (parameter_update uORB message) More... | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from ModuleParams | |
| ModuleParams (ModuleParams *parent) | |
| void | setParent (ModuleParams *parent) |
| Set the parent module. More... | |
| virtual | ~ModuleParams ()=default |
| ModuleParams (const ModuleParams &)=delete | |
| ModuleParams & | operator= (const ModuleParams &)=delete |
| ModuleParams (ModuleParams &&)=delete | |
| ModuleParams & | operator= (ModuleParams &&)=delete |
| Public Member Functions inherited from ListNode< ModuleParams * > | |
| ListNode () | |
| ListNode (const ListNode &)=delete | |
| ListNode (ListNode &&)=delete | |
| virtual | ~ListNode ()=default |
| ListNode & | operator= (const ListNode &)=delete |
| ListNode & | operator= (ListNode &&)=delete |
| void | setSibling (ModuleParams *sibling) |
| const ModuleParams * | getSibling () |
Protected Member Functions | |
| void | _setDefaultConstraints () override |
| Set constraints to default values. More... | |
| float | _getMaxCruiseSpeed () |
| getter for default cruise speed More... | |
| matrix::Vector2f | _getTargetVelocityXY () |
| only used for follow-me and only here because of legacy reason. More... | |
| void | _updateInternalWaypoints () |
| Depending on state of vehicle, the internal waypoints might differ from target (for instance if offtrack). More... | |
| bool | _compute_heading_from_2D_vector (float &heading, matrix::Vector2f v) |
| Computes and sets heading a 2D vector. More... | |
| void | _updateAvoidanceWaypoints () |
| fill desired_waypoints with the triplets. More... | |
| DEFINE_PARAMETERS_CUSTOM_PARENT (FlightTask,(ParamFloat< px4::params::MPC_XY_CRUISE >) MPC_XY_CRUISE,(ParamFloat< px4::params::MPC_CRUISE_90 >) MPC_CRUISE_90,(ParamFloat< px4::params::NAV_ACC_RAD >) NAV_ACC_RAD,(ParamInt< px4::params::MPC_YAW_MODE >) MPC_YAW_MODE) | |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from FlightTask | |
| void | _resetSetpoints () |
| Reset all setpoints to NAN. More... | |
| bool | _evaluateVehicleLocalPosition () |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from ModuleParams | |
| virtual void | updateParams () |
| Call this whenever the module gets a parameter change notification. More... | |
| virtual void | updateParamsImpl () |
| The implementation for this is generated with the macro DEFINE_PARAMETERS() More... | |
Protected Attributes | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _prev_prev_wp {} |
| Pre-previous waypoint (local frame). More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _prev_wp {} |
| Previous waypoint (local frame). More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _target {} |
| Target waypoint (local frame). More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _next_wp {} |
| The next waypoint after target (local frame). More... | |
| float | _mc_cruise_speed {0.0f} |
| Requested cruise speed. More... | |
| WaypointType | _type {WaypointType::idle} |
| Type of current target triplet. More... | |
| uORB::Subscription< home_position_s > * | _sub_home_position {nullptr} |
| State | _current_state {State::none} |
| float | _speed_at_target = 0.0f |
| Desired velocity at target. More... | |
| Protected Attributes inherited from FlightTask | |
| uORB::Subscription< vehicle_local_position_s > * | _sub_vehicle_local_position {nullptr} |
| uORB::Subscription< vehicle_attitude_s > * | _sub_attitude {nullptr} |
| uint8_t | _heading_reset_counter {0} |
| estimator heading reset More... | |
| float | _time = 0 |
| passed time in seconds since the task was activated More... | |
| float | _deltatime = 0 |
| passed time in seconds since the task was last updated More... | |
| hrt_abstime | _time_stamp_activate = 0 |
| time stamp when task was activated More... | |
| hrt_abstime | _time_stamp_current = 0 |
| time stamp at the beginning of the current task update More... | |
| hrt_abstime | _time_stamp_last = 0 |
| time stamp when task was last updated More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _position |
| current vehicle position More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _velocity |
| current vehicle velocity More... | |
| float | _yaw = 0.f |
| current vehicle yaw heading More... | |
| float | _dist_to_bottom = 0.0f |
| current height above ground level More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _position_setpoint |
| Setpoints which the position controller has to execute. More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _velocity_setpoint |
| matrix::Vector3f | _acceleration_setpoint |
| matrix::Vector3f | _thrust_setpoint |
| float | _yaw_setpoint |
| float | _yawspeed_setpoint |
| vehicle_constraints_s | _constraints |
| Vehicle constraints. More... | |
| vehicle_trajectory_waypoint_s | _desired_waypoint |
| Desired waypoints. More... | |
| Protected Attributes inherited from ListNode< ModuleParams * > | |
| ModuleParams * | _sibling |
Private Member Functions | |
| bool | _evaluateTriplets () |
| Checks and sets triplets. More... | |
| bool | _isFinite (const position_setpoint_s sp) |
| Checks if all waypoint triplets are finite. More... | |
| bool | _evaluateGlobalReference () |
| Check is global reference is available. More... | |
| float | _getVelocityFromAngle (const float angle) |
| Computes the speed at target depending on angle. More... | |
| State | _getCurrentState () |
| Computes the current vehicle state based on the vehicle position and navigator triplets. More... | |
| void | _set_heading_from_mode () |
Private Attributes | |
| matrix::Vector2f | _lock_position_xy {NAN, NAN} |
| if no valid triplet is received, lock positition to current position More... | |
| uORB::Subscription< position_setpoint_triplet_s > * | _sub_triplet_setpoint {nullptr} |
| matrix::Vector3f | _triplet_target |
| current triplet from navigator which may differ from the intenal one (_target) depending on the vehicle state. More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _triplet_prev_wp |
| previous triplet from navigator which may differ from the intenal one (_prev_wp) depending on the vehicle state. More... | |
| matrix::Vector3f | _triplet_next_wp |
| next triplet from navigator which may differ from the intenal one (_next_wp) depending on the vehicle state. More... | |
| matrix::Vector2f | _closest_pt |
| closest point to the vehicle position on the line previous - target More... | |
| map_projection_reference_s | _reference_position {} |
| Structure used to project lat/lon setpoint into local frame. More... | |
| float | _reference_altitude = NAN |
| Altitude relative to ground. More... | |
| hrt_abstime | _time_stamp_reference = 0 |
| time stamp when last reference update occured. More... | |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Static Public Attributes inherited from FlightTask | |
| static const vehicle_local_position_setpoint_s | empty_setpoint = {0, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, {NAN, NAN, NAN}} |
| Empty setpoint. More... | |
| static const vehicle_constraints_s | empty_constraints = {0, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, NAN, vehicle_constraints_s::GEAR_KEEP, {}} |
| Empty constraints. More... | |
| static const vehicle_trajectory_waypoint_s | empty_trajectory_waypoint |
| Empty desired waypoints. More... | |
| Static Protected Attributes inherited from FlightTask | |
| static constexpr uint64_t | _timeout = 500000 |
| maximal time in us before a loop or data times out More... | |
Definition at line 71 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
default |
|
virtualdefault |
|
protected |
Computes and sets heading a 2D vector.
Definition at line 485 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References matrix::Vector< Type, M >::length(), matrix::Vector< Type, M >::normalize(), SIGMA_NORM, math::sign(), and matrix::wrap_pi().
|
private |
Check is global reference is available.
Definition at line 299 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References map_projection_init().
|
private |
Checks and sets triplets.
Definition at line 89 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References f(), follow_target, loiter, map_projection_project(), and position.
|
private |
Computes the current vehicle state based on the vehicle position and navigator triplets.
Definition at line 352 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References f(), matrix::Vector< Type, M >::length(), none, offtrack, previous_infront, and target_behind.
|
inlineprotected |
getter for default cruise speed
Definition at line 83 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
only used for follow-me and only here because of legacy reason.
Definition at line 335 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
|
private |
Computes the speed at target depending on angle.
Definition at line 502 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References math::constrain(), f(), and SIGMA_NORM.
|
private |
Checks if all waypoint triplets are finite.
Definition at line 294 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References position_setpoint_s::alt, position_setpoint_s::lat, and position_setpoint_s::lon.
|
private |
Definition at line 223 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References matrix::Vector< Type, M >::length().
|
overrideprotectedvirtual |
Set constraints to default values.
Reimplemented from FlightTask.
Definition at line 325 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References FlightTask::_setDefaultConstraints().
|
protected |
fill desired_waypoints with the triplets.
Definition at line 270 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References hrt_absolute_time().
|
protected |
Depending on state of vehicle, the internal waypoints might differ from target (for instance if offtrack).
Definition at line 380 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References f(), none, offtrack, previous_infront, and target_behind.
|
overridevirtual |
Call once on the event where you switch to the task.
Reimplemented from FlightTask.
Reimplemented in FlightTaskAutoMapper.
Definition at line 62 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References FlightTask::activate().
Referenced by FlightTaskAutoMapper::activate().
|
protected |
|
overridevirtual |
Initialize the uORB subscriptions using an array.
Reimplemented from FlightTask.
Definition at line 45 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References SubscriptionArray::get(), FlightTask::initializeSubscriptions(), and ORB_ID.
|
overridevirtual |
Call before activate() or update() to initialize time and input data.
Reimplemented from FlightTask.
Definition at line 73 of file FlightTaskAuto.cpp.
References FlightTask::updateInitialize().
|
private |
closest point to the vehicle position on the line previous - target
Definition at line 119 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
Definition at line 97 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
private |
if no valid triplet is received, lock positition to current position
Definition at line 109 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
Requested cruise speed.
If not valid, default cruise speed is used.
Definition at line 93 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
The next waypoint after target (local frame).
If no next setpoint is available, next is set to target.
Definition at line 92 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
Pre-previous waypoint (local frame).
This will be used for smoothing trajectories -> not used yet.
Definition at line 89 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
Previous waypoint (local frame).
If no previous triplet is available, the prev_wp is set to current position.
Definition at line 90 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
private |
Altitude relative to ground.
Definition at line 122 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
private |
Structure used to project lat/lon setpoint into local frame.
Definition at line 121 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
Desired velocity at target.
Definition at line 99 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
Definition at line 95 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
private |
Definition at line 111 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
Target waypoint (local frame).
Definition at line 91 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
private |
time stamp when last reference update occured.
Definition at line 123 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
private |
next triplet from navigator which may differ from the intenal one (_next_wp) depending on the vehicle state.
Definition at line 118 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
private |
previous triplet from navigator which may differ from the intenal one (_prev_wp) depending on the vehicle state.
Definition at line 116 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
private |
current triplet from navigator which may differ from the intenal one (_target) depending on the vehicle state.
Definition at line 114 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.
|
protected |
Type of current target triplet.
Definition at line 94 of file FlightTaskAuto.hpp.


Apply the principle of least privilege to the server account that runs Java for the web application.
Applying the principle of least privilege to the application's server account reduces the damage potential if the application gets compromised by an attacker.
Always apply the principle of least privilege to your application's server account.
When applying the principle of least privilege to the application's server account:
Identify the local account. Determine the local system account that will be used when running your application. Because the application is web-based, it is likely that the account is on the web server.
Identify the application's requirements. Determine what access rights are required by your application. Because the application may need access to different resources such as sockets and the local filesystem, identify the resources that are essential to your application's business logic. For example, identify the local directories that should be accessed.
Set the appropriate privileges. Create a role for your application by dedicating a local group to it. Once the appropriate privileges are established, set the appropriate access rights to the local system account. Any extra privileges should be revoked.
The following snippet shows the access rights associated with MyApp's local account as noted in the /etc/passwd file. Unfortunately, the local account is part of the root group; therefore, if an attacker compromises the application, he gains root privileges on the hosting server.
myapp:!:503:0:MyApp's account:/home/myapp:/bin/bash
The following snippet shows the access rights associated with MyApp's local account as noted in the /etc/passwd file. Because the local account is in a dedicated group, compromising the application does not compromise the hosting server.
myapp:!:503:503:MyApp's account:/home/myapp:/bin/bash


Distance of an Object by Two Bearings
First Bearings to Object:
(degrees)
(minutes)
Second Bearings to Object:
(degrees)
(minutes)
Distance between Bearings:
Distance to Object at Bearing 2:
Distance to Object When Abeam:


User base
User profile
User posts
default user pages with no matched path pattern.
User
Navigation
Go back


From . Mr. Moreno Garcia. Date: 21 - 06 -2007. Kindest Attention: My name is Mr. Moreno Garcia. I am from Portugal . I have been diagnosed with Esophageal cancer. It has defiled all forms of medical treatment, and right now I have only about a few months to live, according to medical experts. I have not particularly lived my life so well, as I never really cared for anyone (not even myself)but my business. Though I am very rich, I was never generous, I was always hostile to people and only focused on my business as that was the only thing I cared for. But now I regret all this as I now know that there is more to life than just wanting to have or make all the money in the world. I believe when God gives me a second chance to come to this world I would live my life a different way from how I have lived it. Now that God has called me, I have willed and given most of my property and assets to my immediate and extended family members as well as few close friends .I want God to be merciful to me and accept my soul so, I have decided to give alms to charity organizations and those in Need, as I want this to be one of the last good deeds I do on earth. So far, I have Distributed money to some charity organizations when I was well. Now that my health has deteriorated so badly, I cannot do this myself anymore. I once asked members of my family to close one of my accounts and distribute the money which I have there to charity organization in United States, Asia, Middle East & Europe, they refused and kept the money to themselves. Hence, I do not trust them anymore, as they seem not to be contended with what I have left for them. The last of my money which no one knows of is the huge cash deposit of Twenty Million United States Dollars ($20, 000, 000.00) that I have with an Asset Management / Vaulting Company Abroad. I will want you to help me collect this deposit and dispatch it to charity organizations and use it to help those in Need. N/B:Kindly note that 40% of this funds must go to victims of Tsunami, Hurricane Katrina , Hurricane Wilma and South Asia Earthquake , 55% to other Charity Organizations around the World and 5% for your effort and time. I cannot talk with you on the phone due to my health situation, as I am using my Lap Top Computer to communicate with you. You should respond to this e-mail if you are interested in carrying out this assignment on my behalf. God be with you. Mr. Moreno Garcia.


Uport Dapp Tutorial
Please make sure to run npm i
from the examples/integration-tutorial directory in your command terminal before trying this locally.
Connect uPort
| uPort Id: |
| ETH Address: |
| ETH Balance: |
| Current Status: |
Send Ether
| Send To: | Amount: | |
| Transaction Hash(ID): |
Set Status
| Enter current status: | |
| Transaction Hash(ID): |


Date in UTC
Date in UTC+09:00
Date and time in UTC
Date and time in UTC+09:00
Disabled
Required
Min and max dates
min: {{date9Min}}
max: {{date9Max}}
Reset button
Timeout for change event
By default change event fires when the field loses focus.
However, it is also possible to set a timeout for the event. In
this case
timeout is 1 second.
An example of max date controlled by another DateBox
Start date cannot be greater than end date.
// Start:
max: {{date21 || 'null'}}
value: {{date20 || 'null'}}
failedValidator: {{(date20DateBox.failedValidator() || null) | json}}
// End:
value: {{date21 || 'null'}}
Placeholder


Bacon ipsum dolor sit amet sausage tail capicola ground round hamburger ham hock.  Rump pancetta jerky kielbasa doner beef ribs tongue hamburger strip steak drumstick andouille shoulder shank flank. Swine drumstick meatball pig beef sausage strip steak.
Bacon strip steak ground round, tongue pastrami short ribs pork chop venison turducken sausage sirloin.  Ham hock jerky short ribs brisket.  Jerky ribeye hamburger pork loin sirloin kevin bresaola boudin chuck flank. Ham hock pork belly chicken jerky rump bresaola.
Bacon strip steak ground round, tongue pastrami short ribs pork chop venison turducken sausage sirloin.


The aim of this project is to develop an efficient tool which takes a set of fuzzy statements, processes them intelligently and then generates an output in the form of a complete natural language statement.
The fuzzy statement will specify the membership value of a subject in a particular set. This membership value defines as to what degree is the particular quality (set) is possessed by that subject.
for more information plz click on this link...


nips nips2010 nips2010-75 nips2010-75-reference knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
Source: pdf
Author: Noah A. Smith, Shay B. Cohen
Abstract: Probabilistic grammars are generative statistical models that are useful for compositional and sequential structures. We present a framework, reminiscent of structural risk minimization, for empirical risk minimization of the parameters of a ﬁxed probabilistic grammar using the log-loss. We derive sample complexity bounds in this framework that apply both to the supervised setting and the unsupervised setting. 1
[1] N. Abe, J. Takeuchi, and M. Warmuth. Polynomial learnability of probabilistic concepts with respect to the Kullback-Leiber divergence. In ACM Conference on Computational Learning Theory, 1990. 8
[2] N. Abe and M. Warmuth. On the computational complexity of approximating distributions by probabilistic automata. Machine Learning, 2:205–260, 1992.
[3] M. Anthony and P. L. Bartlett. Neural Network Learning: Theoretical Foundations. Cambridge University Press, 1999.
[4] E. Charniak and M. Johnson. Coarse-to-ﬁne n-best parsing and maxent discriminative reranking. In Proc. of ACL, 2005.
[5] S. B. Cohen and N. A. Smith. Viterbi training for PCFGs: Hardness results and competitiveness of uniform initialization. In Proceedings of ACL, 2010.
[6] S. B. Cohen and N. A. Smith. Empirical risk minimization for probabilistic grammars: Sample complexity and hardness of learning, in preparation.
[7] M. Collins. Head-driven statistical models for natural language processing. Computational Linguistics, 29:589–637, 2003.
[8] M. Collins. Parameter estimation for statistical parsing models: theory and practice of distribution-free methods. Text, Speech and Language Technology (new developments in parsing technology), pages 19–55, 2004.
[9] S. Dasgupta. The sample complexity of learning ﬁxed-structure Bayesian networks. Machine Learning, 29(2-3):165–180, 1997.
[10] J. Eisner. Three new probabilistic models for dependency parsing: An exploration. In Proc. of COLING, 1996.
[11] E. M. Gold. Language identiﬁcation in the limit. Information and Control, 10(5):447–474, 1967.
[12] G. Guerra and Y. Aloimonos. Discovering a language for human activity. In AAAI Workshop on Anticipation in Cognitive Systems, 2005.
[13] D. Haussler. Decision-theoretic generalizations of the PAC model for neural net and other learning applications. Information and Computation, 100:78–150, 1992.
[14] D. Klein and C. D. Manning. Corpus-based induction of syntactic structure: Models of dependency and constituency. In Proc. of ACL, 2004.
[15] V. Koltchinskii. Local Rademacher complexities and oracle inequalities in risk minimization. The Annals of Statistics, 34(6):2593–2656, 2006.
[16] L. Lin, T. Wu, J. Porway, and Z. Xu. A stochastic graph grammar for compositional object representation and recognition. Pattern Recognition, 8, 2009.
[17] S. Petrov and D. Klein. Improved inference for unlexicalized parsing. In Proc. of HLT-NAACL, 2007.
[18] D. Pollard. Convergence of Stochastic Processes. New York: Springer-Verlag, 1984.
[19] Y. Sakakibara, M. Brown, R. Hughey, S. Mian, K. Sj¨ lander, R. C. Underwood, and D. Hauso sler. Stochastic context-free grammars for tRNA modeling. Nucleic Acids Research, 22, 1994.
[20] A. Tsybakov. Optimal aggregation of classiﬁers in statistical learning. The Annals of Statistics, 32(1):135–166, 2004.
[21] V. N. Vapnik. Statistical Learning Theory. Wiley-Interscience, 1998.
[22] D. Weiss and B. Taskar. Structured prediction cascades. In Proceedings of AISTATS, 2010. 9


Rhino Mocks
Rhino Mocks is a dynamic mock object framework for the .Net platform. Its purpose is to ease testing by allowing the developer to create mock implementations of custom objects and verify the interactions using unit testing.
License
Rhino Mocks is Open Source and released under the BSD license.
Community
Rhino Mocks has a vibrant community, mostly in the mailing list.
Show me the code
As usual, the best way to explain what a library does is to look at the code using it. Here is an example of verifying that when we execute the "forgot my password" scenario, we remembered to call the Save() method properly:
public void When_user_forgot_password_should_save_user()
{
var stubUserRepository = MockRepository.GenerateStub<IUserRepository>();
var stubbedSmsSender = MockRepository.GenerateStub<ISmsSender>();
var theUser = new User{HashedPassword = "this is not hashed password"};
stubUserRepository.Stub(x => x.GetUserByName("ayende")).Return(theUser);
var controllerUnderTest = new LoginController(stubUserRepository, stubbedSmsSender);
controllerUnderTest.ForgotMyPassword("ayende");
stubUserRepository.AssertWasCalled( x => x.Save(user));
}
What is it doing?
Rhino Mocks will generate fake objects to replace the dependencies that you have, and then allow you to tell them, at runtime, how to behave. This functionality is very powerful, and it means that you can tell your fake objects, for each test, how to behave.


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During this worldwide crisis, effective testing for COVID-19 has proven to be essential for efforts to mitigate the spread of the virus. To maximize the effectiveness of available testing it is important that information about known testing centers is made available. The free app COVID Tester is designed to do just that, simply opening the app on your phone reveals the locations of all testing centers in the vicinity, and provides important information about them. Getting tested can provide peace of mind for you and your family in some cases. While in other cases, it can save the lives of you and those around you. That is why it is our goal to make getting tested as easy as possible.
know more


WITNESS LIST Elections Committee April 15, 1997-2:00P HB 3455 For: John Umphress (Public Citizen) Representative Burnam (author) Tom Smith (Public Citizen) On: Mary Ann Collins (Repub Pty Tx) SB 509 For: Jacquelyn F. Callanen (Bexar Cty Elect/Comm Ct) Representative Siebert (sponsor) Registering, but not testifying: For: Bruce Sherbet (TAEA) Steve McDonald (Tx Dem Pty) SB 513 For: Bruce Sherbet (TAEA) Jacquelyn F. Callanen (Bexar Cty Elect/Comm Ct) Representative Siebert (sponsor) Registering, but not testifying: For: Steve McDonald (Tx Dem Pty) On: Melinda Nickless (Secy of State)


java script tutorial
about group 3
how to find us
about hyf
01-variables
02-value-swaps
03-primitive-types
04-comparing-and-asserting
05-explicit-coercion
06-logical-operators
07-block-scope
08-conditionals
09-comparisons
10-arithmetic
11-while-loops
12-break-continue
13-increment-decrement
14-for-loops


Supposedly first paragraph
Second one
Keep it simple
Text for the div tag.
change to div
change to p
Index


Change Theme Color:
[Black]
[Dark Red]
[Brown]
[Dark Green]
[Dark Blue]
[Gray]
[Red]
[Yellow]
[Green]
[Blue]
[Violet]
[Mauve]
[Peach]
[Orange]
[Tan]
[Light Gray]
[Light Yellow]
[Light Green]
[Light Blue]
[White]
Edit me if u wish
This is my test content you can edit if you with to ☺ ☺ ☺
This is how you can edit me !!!


You are viewing an historical archive of past issues. Please
report new issues to the appropriate project issue tracker on
GitHub.
Comments
-
Greg Hurrell
Redmine, for example, shows this:
-
Peticiones
- Defect: 378 abiertas / 1962
- Feature: 1364 abiertas / 2181
- Patch: 264 abiertas / 920
If I were to go with this I'd probably go with new/open/total rather than just open/total.
And rather than grouping by kind, it might be more interesting to group by product. Or do both.
-
Peticiones
-
Greg Hurrell
Drupal, on the other hand, offers a crazy amount of stats.
Add a comment
Comments are now closed for this issue.


Deuteronomy 14:12
But these are they of which ye shall not eat: the eagle, and the ossifrage, and the ospray,


I actually think this is a very good album tbh. Of course, A Rush of Blood to the Head is superior, but comparing against perfection is never a fair thing, this album would be remarkable if by any other artist. But here it's a little meh. Is how it is tbh but y'know.
In reality, X & Y was the peak of Coldplay's reign. We all long for the days that they return to that sort of class.  But sometimes the album that kicks off a very good artist's career has to be looked at in a positive light, even if it's really a bit of a let down.
And even whilst X & Y and A Rush of Blood to the Head are to be considered by all definition good albums, they still don't compare to such wonderful acts as Stereophonics and Catatonia, who were at one point their contemporaries and yet not so well remembered. Clear cut racism against the Welsh that is, but what can one do about it?
- Rhodri Jones, 2020


|
SpacePigFighter
1.1
|
Public Member Functions | |
| Meteorite () | |
| MeteoriteSize | getSize () |
| PositionsCube | getPosition () |
| setSize (MeteoriteSize newSize) | |
| setPositionMeteorite (PositionsCube newPosition) | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from SpaceObjects.Ufo | |
| UFO () | |
| PositionsCube | getLocation () |
| setLocation (PositionsCube position) | |
Class Meteorite
| SpaceObjects.Meteorite.Meteorite | ( | ) |
Constructor
| PositionsCube SpaceObjects.Meteorite.getPosition | ( | ) |
Get position of the meteorite
| MeteoriteSize SpaceObjects.Meteorite.getSize | ( | ) |
Get the meteorite size
| SpaceObjects.Meteorite.setPositionMeteorite | ( | PositionsCube | newPosition | ) |
Set a new position for the meteorite
| SpaceObjects.Meteorite.setSize | ( | MeteoriteSize | newSize | ) |
Set a new size to the meteorite


About
Education
Experience
Skills
Publications
Projects
Positions of Responsibility
Courses
Achievements
Resume
*Desktop compatible view only*
Manas Bundele
About
I am currently a Master's student at University of Texas at Dallas,
studying Computer Science with specialization in Intelligent Systems. My broad interests include Computer Vision, Natural Language Processing and Machine Learning. I am currently working on my thesis titled 'Caption Generation for Images'. I am always excited to talk about interesting problems in the field of Computer Science.
I completed my B.Tech. in Computer Science and Engineering
at Indian Institute of Technology,
Jodhpur in 2016. After my B.Tech. at IIT Jodhpur, I worked as Software Engineer at Voylla Fashions Pvt. Ltd.
Education
University of Texas at Dallas
| MS in Computer Science (Thesis)
August 2020
- Recipient of Jonsson School Graduate Study Scholarship (2018-19)
- Recipient of Master's Research Fellowship (2020)
Indian Institute of Technology, Jodhpur
| B.Tech. in Computer Science & Engineering
May 2016
- B.Tech. Project nominated for 'Best B.Tech. Project' award in the institute
Experience
Etsy Inc.
| Machine Learning Intern
Jul 2020 - Oct 2020
Project: ‘Let Etsy Pick Your Shoe for You!’
- Designed and implemented a novel technique towards scene-aware, compatible fashion product recommendation.
- Proposed approach consisted of a pre-trained Resnet50V2 model, along with other specialized layers to learn the style compatibility between a user-uploaded outfit and a product from Etsy’s inventory using Triplet Loss
- Outreach Coding Camp Counselor
- Guided and mentored young impressionable minds during summer coding camps
- Computer Science Grader
- Got nominated for the ’Best Grader’ Award in the department
- Graded the tests, quizzes and assignments of a batch of 75 undergraduate students for the course Discrete Mathematics
- Project LP Boost: Designed and implemented an algorithm that increased revenue of the company many fold and was probably the first such advanced implementation in the company.
-
Project Solidus: Voylla Website Upgradation (Team of Eight developers) and Data Migration.
- Key member of the team of four, involved in developing website’s order pipeline.
- Handled data migration, a very critical aspect of the project which could only be totally tested in production environment
- Improved the efficiency of Order Pipeline and other features through code and database query optimization - Project CRM Centre Database: Wrote optimized Postgresql scripts to synchronize the customer’s data from website and ERP databases into a centralized database daily, data being used for analysis and in key projects by the Data Science team
- Participated in the research project titled “ Underwater Glider” under the guidance of Cdr (Dr.) Arnab Das at Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune and Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi (IITD).
UT Dallas Computer Science Department
Jun 2019 - July 2019
Aug 2018 - May 2019 | Feb - May 2020
Voylla Fashions Pvt. Ltd., Jaipur
| Software Engineer
May 2016 - Jun 2017
Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune
| Research Intern
May 2014 - Jun 2014
Skills
Below are some of the skills that I have used in my projects before. I am always willing to add more to my skillset.
I have been using Python extensively for over the past 3 years for my coursework and research. Most of my projects related to CV, NLP and ML have been coded in Python which can be found on my Github profile.
I have been using this library over the past year in my projects as well as my research work. I have also completed a course 'Tensorflow in Practice' by deeplearning.ai. I have extensively used it during my internship at Etsy to develop a recommendation system.
During my job at Voylla Fashions Pvt. Ltd., being one of the go-to backend developers, I have heavily used it for development, debugging and optimization of several projects. I have written several thousands of lines of code and also debugged several critical issues during this period.
I have used Scala in all the assignments during my course, Big Data Analytics and Management. It is a wonderful language to work with and hope to use it again in my other projects.
Since the summer of 2019, I have been using technologies in the Big Data ecosystem i.e. Hadoop, Mapreduce, Apache Spark and NoSQL systems.
I have extensively used C/C++ in projects and competitive coding during my B.Tech., prior to 2016. Recently, got in touch with it again(alongwith opengl) in my course Computer Animation and Gaming.
I have written over 5000 queries in Postgresql over the course of my projects at Voylla. From using it for analysis, data cleaning and data migration in Solidus to creating a CRM centre database(centralized database for ERP and Website), it has been an interesting journey working with data using Postgresql.
Right from building this website to working on frontend related projects at Voylla, it has been fun using HTML, CSS, JS and Jquery.
Publications
- Manas Bundele; “ICONIC : Discerning Insightful Contexts in Image Captioning By Leveraging Commonsense Knowledge”, MS
Thesis,
https://utd-ir.tdl.org/handle/10735.1/9021
- Pratik Kalshetti, Manas Bundele, Parag Rahangdale, Dinesh Jangra, Chiranjoy Chattopadhyay, Gaurav Harit and Abhay Elhence; "An Interactive Medical Image Segmentation Framework Using Iterative Refinement", Computers in Biology and Medicine, February 2017, pp. 22-33.
Link to Project UI video: https://manasbundele.github.io/mist_gui.mp4
Link to paper: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0010482517300392
Projects
This list of projects cover most of my projects but is not limited to the same.
@University of Texas at Dallas
Caption Generation*
[Master's Thesis]
To develop a novel technique to generate the description of an image by understanding its contents. Proposed a novel technique for ranking different regions of the image on the basis of their saliency. Developed 3 novel techniques to discern insightful contexts by incorporating commonsense knowledge.
Fake Opinion Detection
[Big Data]
Developed a supervised learning model using Pyspark and MLlib that was able to detect fake reviews by learning from YelpNYC dataset.
Sentiment analysis of live
streaming twitter feeds
Created a Spark Streaming application that continuously reads data from Twitter about a topic and these feeds can be analyzed for their sentiment and the trend can be visualized using ElasticSearch, Logstash and Kibana(ELK) stack.
elasticsearch logstash kibana stanford corenlp sentiment analyzer
Other Big Data-related projects
Implemented various algorithms and performed analysis on big data related to airports, movies, twitter social circles, etc.
- Pagerank for airports
- Search Engine for movies
- Topic modeling for classic books
- Twitter airline sentiment analysis
- Twitter social circles analysis using GraphX
Modified MNIST Digit Recognition
using ResNet
Implemented a residual network using Tensorflow in Python and included batch normalization, non-linearities, dropout, l2 regularization to improve accuracy and reduce overfitting. Achieved over 90% accuracy in 4 & 1/2 min on testing data of 10k images with modified different random training datasets of 6k images of size 7*7
Wink Detection using Haar Cascades
[Computer Vision]
Implemented a winking face detection algorithm in images as well as live video using Haar feature-based cascade classifiers.
Text Generation using N-Gram Language Model
Implemented a MLE based N-Gram language model with various smoothing techinques to generate text based on a written text.
Sentiment Analysis of
Movie Reviews
Implemented a sentiment analyzer using Naive Bayes and Logistic Regression classifier to predict the sentiment of a review. It also uses a sentiment lexicon, Dictionary of Affect in Language, which is further augmented using WordNet to improve sentiment analysis results.
POS tagging using MEMM
with Viterbi decoding
Implemented a POS tagger using Maximum Entropy Markov Model with Viterbi to decode the highest probability sequence of tags for each test sentence.
@IIT Jodhpur
Interactive Medical Image Segmentation
[B.Tech. Project]
Developed a semi-automated segmentation technique for efficient image analysis for 3D visualisation as well as image guided surgery at reduced costs and minimized expert intervention. Got nominated for the Best B.Tech. Project Award, one of the 3 projects nominated in the entire batch of 2016.
Centralized Video Processing
Developed a remote video processing system using socket programming in C++. Multiple users were managed using threading. Reduced the network load and video tagging was done at the server for minimizing data storage.
Virtual Memory Management
Designed a virtual memory system in C and analysed the performance of FIFO, clock and LRU algorithms for page replacement. Parameters considered – prepaging vs demand paging, local vs global page replacement, precleaning.
Gest-Talk
An application, developed within 24 hours, in C# during Code.fun.do(2015) conducted by Microsoft, using the machine learning feature of Visual Gesture Builder for Microsoft Kinect 2.0,which targets the communication between differently-abled people with the help of gestures.
Positions of Responsibility
Below are some of the major PORs that I managed during my B.Tech.
Assistant Student Head, Counseling Service, IIT Jodhpur
Mar 2014 – Apr 2015
Led and managed a team of 17 student guides along with 7 other assistant student heads and successfully set up a Counseling Referral System and conducted Career Counseling Sessions for the 1st time in the institute.
Head, Publicity and Media, Varchas'14, IIT Jodhpur
Sep 2013 – Feb 2014
Led a two-tier team of 12 people to plan and publicize the inter-collegiate sports festival of the institute, bringing countrywide participation of over 1000 people. Publicized and brought a participation of over 500 people in the Varchas Mini-Marathon’14, organized across Jodhpur by IIT Jodhpur
Coordinator, Marketing, Ignus’14, IIT Jodhpur
Sep 2013 – Feb 2014
Worked with a team of 26 members to garner Rs.30 lakhs as sponsorship for the inter-collegiate techno-cultural festival of IIT Jodhpur, bringing a footfall of over 4000 people.
Student Guide, Counseling Service, IIT Jodhpur
Mar 2013 – Apr 2016
Mentored a group of 10 counselee students and guided them regarding academic and extra- curricular affairs in the institute, acting as a Student Guide throughout their stay.
Courses
@University of Texas at Dallas
- Machine Learning
- Computer Vision (A+)
- Convolutional Neural Networks
- Natural Language Processing
- Design & Analysis of Computer Algorithms
- Big Data Management And Analytics
- Distributed Computing
- Database Design
- Computer Animation and Gaming
- Artificial Intelligence
@IIT Jodhpur
- Artificial Intelligence
- Digital Image Analysis
- Computer Graphics
- Operating Systems
- Compiler Design
- Computer Networks
- Principles of Databases Systems
- Software Engineering
Achievements
Few of the many things to be proud of.
- Recipient of Master’s Summer Research Fellowship at UTD. (2020)
- Recipient of Jonsson School $1000 Graduate Study Scholarship at University of Texas at Dallas (2018-19)
- Journal Publication honored with "Meritorious" status in Honored papers 2017, Computers in Biology and Medicine (2018), doi: 10.1016/j.compbiomed.2018.05.020
- B.Tech. Project, one of the three projects nominated from the institute for 'Best B.Tech. Project' award (2016)
- Among the top 0.7% students in the country; securing All India Rank 3471 in IIT-JEE 2012 among 500,000 candidates
- Secured State Rank 30 (2009) and District Rank 1 (2008) in Maharashtra Talent Search Examination
- Stood among the top 0.01% students in the Maharashta State Scholarship examination in 2007
A bit more about me...
Although the grad life keeps me busy nowadays, I try to invest time in my new-found love for cooking new delicacies and fitness. I also enjoy playing basketball. I love drawing and painting and have even surprised myself by making a few good ones. I also love getting my face painted though. :D
manasbundele manasbundele


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REF : https://gist.github.com/gaearon/6668a1f6986742109c00a581ce704605 REF : Tools https://reactjs.org/docs/add-react-to-a-website.html#add-jsx-to-a-project


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I'm default
I compress more
I compress less
70px is my max
30px is my min
I'm Fluid When < 920px
I have 100px of Right Offset
I'm an inlined element
Made with Love by
http://smallorange.co


Welcome To Alexandria Hotels
Tolip Hotel Alexandria
Tolip Hotel Alexandria offers accommodations in Alexandria. The hotel has a seasonal outdoor pool and playground, and guests can enjoy a meal at the restaurant or a drink at the bar.
Royal Crown Hotel
Located in Alexandria, 0.6 miles from Al-Salam Theater, Royal Crown Hotel features a restaurant and free WiFi. Guests can enjoy the on-site restaurant. All rooms are equipped with a flat-screen TV.
Paradise Inn Beach Resort
Overlooking Mamoura beach, Paradise Inn Beach Resort offers rooms with a spa bathtub and a balcony. The hotel has a large pool and spacious gardens.
Semiramis Hotel
Semiramis is a beachfront hotel in downtown Alexandria. It has a restaurant and free Wi-Fi in public areas. Alexandria Zoo is 2.5 miles away.
Aifu Resort - El Montazah
Showcasing an outdoor pool, seasonal outdoor pool and terrace, Aifu Resort - El Montazah is located in Alexandria. Guests can enjoy the on-site restaurant. Free private parking is available on site.


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Sebana Cove Marina is situated 5 miles up the Santi River, entrance off the eastern tip of Singapore Island. The initial approach from the Johor Strait should be carefully planned by skippers of deep draft vessels, as depths can drop to 2m in places.
Sebana Cove is a beautiful and remote location, and the marina and resort here are slowly being renovated (see latest comments from cruisers at bottom of page).
There is no ATM or shop here and the local town, a taxi / shuttle away, only has limited provisions. If you have already provisioned the boat and are looking for somewhere to relax, it's a good choice.
Position 01° 25'N, 104° 09'39"E.
For full details on clearance into and out of Malaysia see Malaysia Formalities.
There is a good, sheltered anchorage at the mouth of the Santi river and another close to the marina, but keep clear of the sandy bay dug into the bank of the river on the same side as the resort.
Whilst isolated and lacking in facilities, this is a quiet and peaceful place but not the most convenient for repairs or provisions.
The surrounding resort and shoreside facilities have recently been improved and updated, however the marina itself remains "tired" (see photo courtesy of SY Yindee Plus December 2014). Wooden pontoons, whilst stable, are slowly decaying and there are no lights at night so due care should be taken. Apparently pontoon repair/replacement is planned.
Last updated December 2014.


Ondo, Ekiti to construct toll gate on federal road
by Peter DadaPeter Dada, Akure
The Ondo State Governor, Rotimi Akeredolu, has disclosed that the Ondo and Ekiti State Governments have concluded plan to construct toll gate on the Akure-Ado Ekiti Expressway owned by the Federal Government.
According to the governor, the toll gate would be constructed after the road, a dual carriageway was completed.
The Akure-Ado Ekiti road has been in a poor condition with motorists and commuters calling on the government to repair or reconstruct the road.
Akeredolu, who spoke on Sunday, at a special thanksgiving service held at the Christ Apostolic Church, Mount of Monument of God’s Grace, Otapete Owo, said the project would be financed with a loan from the African Development Bank.
He, however, noted that the move was awaiting presidential approval and that of the Federal Executive Council.
The governor said, “When completed, this road will be tolled so as to enable the state government to have a channel of repaying monies that will be spent on it.
“We have written letters to the Federal Government and we are sure that the President will sign it and it will be taken to the FEC.
“We are only waiting for the approval of the FEC. The bank, African Development Bank is ready to give us loan to dualise the road and it will be tolled.”


CONTENTS | PREV | NEXT
You can print or stream
2D graphics encapsulated in a Pageable or Printable object using a
DocPrintJob and a service-formatted DocFlavor. A DocFlavor can
represent any kind of data, including Java objects. An
implementation of the Pageable or Printable interface is a Java
object. As discussed in the Specifying Document Types
chapter, the Java Print Service API includes pre-defined DocFlavor
object constants for print data in the form of a Java object. An
application can look up print services or stream print services
supporting this type of data, encapsulate the object in a Doc
implemetation and submit it to the service in a DocPrintJob. The
Printing the
Service-Formatted Data section demonstrates printing the
data. The Streaming
Service-Formatted Print Data section demonstrates
streaming the data. Registering for events on 2D graphics printing
applications using DocPrintJob is done the same way as for document
printing applications using DocPrintJob. See Registering for Events for
more information.
Printing the
Service-Formatted Data
To locate print
services that can handle the service-formatted data, pass the
appropriate service-formatted DocFlavor object constant to the
lookupPrintServices method:
PrintService []services =
PrintServiceLookup.lookupPrintServices(DocFlavor.SERVICE_FORMATTED.PRINTABLE,
null);
The printing
application implements the Printable interface. To create the Doc,
use SimpleDoc, passing this in for the printData, the
service-formatted DocFlavor constant for the DocFlavor, and an
optional attribute set:
Doc doc = new SimpleDoc(this, DocFlavor.SERVICE_FORMATTED.PRINTABLE, null);
Create the
DocPrintJob, and submit it to the service:
DocPrintJob pj = service[0].createPrintJob();
pj.print(doc);
See Example: Print2DGraphics.java for the complete application.
Streaming
Service-Formatted Print Data
A stream print service
can be used to export 2D graphics encapsulated in a Java object to
another format. This example exports graphics in a Printable to
Postscript:
DocFlavor flavor = DocFlavor.SERVICE_FORMATTED.PRINTABLE
StreamPrintServiceFactory []factories =
StreamPrintServiceFactory.lookupStreamPrintServiceFactories(flavor,
"application/postscript"));
if (factories.length == 0) {
System.err.println("No suitable factories");
System.exit(0);
}
try{
FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream("out.ps");
StreamPrintService sps = factories[0].getPrintService(fos);
}
Doc doc = new SimpleDoc(this, flavor, null);
sps.createPrintJob().print(doc);
See Example: Print2DtoStream.java for the complete application
CONTENTS | PREV | NEXT


| Q1. Do you think you performed well in assignment #1? | Strongly agreed: 10, Agreed: 2, Disagreed: 0, Disagreed strongly: 0, Average: 1.17 close to Strongly agreed |
| Q2. Do you think you performed well in assignment #2? | Strongly agreed: 10, Agreed: 2, Disagreed: 0, Disagreed strongly: 0, Average: 1.17 close to Strongly agreed |
| Q3. Do you think you performed well in assignment #3? | Strongly agreed: 10, Agreed: 2, Disagreed: 0, Disagreed strongly: 0, Average: 1.17 close to Strongly agreed |
| Q4. Do you think you will perform well in assignment #4? | Strongly agreed: 10, Agreed: 2, Disagreed: 0, Disagreed strongly: 0, Average: 1.17 close to Strongly agreed |
| Q5. Do you think you will perform well in assignment #5? | Strongly agreed: 10, Agreed: 2, Disagreed: 0, Disagreed strongly: 0, Average: 1.17 close to Strongly agreed |


CSS3 Properties:
box-shadow: This was used in the "Equipement and Info" and "Gallery" Webpages to make a box
shadow behind the images in both webpages.
justify-content: This property was used in every page when the website is being viewed on a
viewport less than a desktop to center the content.
It was also used for seperate content in the "Contact" and "Gallery" webpages. In the Contact, the form was
centered when viewed on a smartphone
and the images were centered as well in the Gallery webpage when viewed on a smartphone. For this property to
work, the "display: flex" property was implemented before.
opacity: This property was used in the navigation bar and in the contact form to reduce the
opacity when hovering over the buttons/icons.
grid-gap: This was used in the "Gallery" and "Equiment and Info" webpages to set the column/row
gaps simultaneously of the grid. The "display: grid" property was used before.
grid-template-columns: This was used in the "Gallery" and "Equiment and Info" webpages to set
the number of columns required.
grid-row: Ths was used in the "Gallery" webpage to set the height of the row of certain images
as they were larger than others. They were spaned over 2 rows.
background-size: This property was used to set the background size of images that were imported
using the "background-image: url()" property. This was used in the navigation bar and the
"Equiment and Info" webpage.
border-radius: This property was used in the contact form to set the radius of the form and in
the "Equipment and Info" page to set the radius of an image.
Upload Process:
This website was uploaded using 000
Webhost. The first step was to sign up with this web hosting company. After registering, a
name to the website was given and from the File Manager, the necessary files for the website where
uploaded.
Website Link: Fabian Muscat Photography | Home
Website Link (Shortened): Fabian Muscat
Photography | Home
Fabian Muscat Photography
A Photography Hobbyist


Namespace org.wasmcloud.interface.logging
Services
Logging
Operations
WriteLog
Structures
LogEntry
LogEntry
(structure)
level:
String
severity level: debug,info,warn,error
text:
String
message to log
Logging
(service)
Operations
WriteLog
Traits
org.wasmcloud.model#wasmbus
[object]
WriteLog
(operation)
WriteLog - log a text message
input:
LogEntry


All My Projects
Project ZIMBABWE
This Project Was Going To Be A Website Builder, But Is Going To Become A Javascript Based Rich Text/MD To HTML Converter/Editor
This Project Was Going To Be A Website Builder, But Is Going To Become A Javascript Based Rich Text/MD To HTML Converter/Editor
GET Thing
This Is A Thing That Uses Get To Send Information To The Parser And Returns A HTML Document With Some Stuff
This Is Just A Test For Me.. No Legitamate Use :/
This Is A Thing That Uses Get To Send Information To The Parser And Returns A HTML Document With Some Stuff
This Is Just A Test For Me.. No Legitamate Use :/


Oscillator Node Demo:
Frequency
Detuning
Wave Type/Shape:
sine
square
sawtooth
triangle
File Node Demo


@* * Copyright 2019 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import connectors.ExchangeObjects.OnlineTest @(usr: CachedData, onlineTest: Option[OnlineTest] = None, applicationStatus: models.ApplicationData.ApplicationStatus.ApplicationStatus, allocationDetails: Option[connectors.AllocationExchangeObjects.AllocationDetails])(implicit request: Request[_]) @import models.ApplicationData.ApplicationStatus._ @applicationStatus match { case REGISTERED | CREATED | IN_PROGRESS | WITHDRAWN => {
Competency questionnaire (untimed) - locked
Verbal reasoning (6 minutes timed) - locked
Numerical reasoning (6 minutes timed) - locked
Situational judgement questionnaire (untimed) - locked
Find out more about the online tests
} case ONLINE_TEST_INVITED | ONLINE_TEST_STARTED => { @onlineTest.map { test =>Your tests are now ready.
You have @{test.getDuration} to complete the tests.
The tests will expire at @{test.getExpireDateTime}.
The tests will consist of
* Note: if you've applied under the guaranteed interview scheme (GIS), you don't need to do the verbal or numerical reasoning exercises.
If you have an agreed time extension adjustment then it will be added to the standard time displayed.
Find out more about the online tests
} } case ONLINE_TEST_FAILED_NOTIFIED if onlineTest.exists(_.pdfReportAvailable) => { @* Only display failed section if a PDF report for the failure is available *@We've assessed your test results and unfortunately you've been unsuccessful this time.
You'll be able to reapply for Fast Track next year, alternatively use the find an apprenticeship service to search for other apprenticeships in England.
@onlineTest.map { test => @if(test.pdfReportAvailable) {View your online test feedback (PDF, less than 100kb)
} }Contact us if you believe there has been a mistake.
} case ONLINE_TEST_EXPIRED => {Your online tests expired on @{onlineTest.map(_.getExpireDate).getOrElse("")}.
You can no longer take the online tests.
Contact us if you believe there has been a mistake.
} case AWAITING_ALLOCATION_NOTIFIED if onlineTest.exists(_.pdfReportAvailable) => {Congratulations, we've assessed your test results and you've passed the online tests.
@onlineTest.map { test => @if(test.pdfReportAvailable) {View your online test feedback (PDF, less than 100kb)
} } } case ONLINE_TEST_COMPLETED | AWAITING_ONLINE_TEST_RE_EVALUATION | ONLINE_TEST_FAILED | ONLINE_TEST_FAILED_NOTIFIED | AWAITING_ALLOCATION | AWAITING_ALLOCATION_NOTIFIED => {You've completed the online tests
We'll send you an email to let you know when your results are available.
Find out more about the online tests
} case ASSESSMENT_CENTRE_PASSED_NOTIFIED | ASSESSMENT_CENTRE_FAILED_NOTIFIED if onlineTest.exists(_.pdfReportAvailable) => {Congratulations – we've assessed your test results and you've passed the online tests.
@onlineTest.map { test => @if(test.pdfReportAvailable) {View your online test feedback (PDF, less than 100kb)
} } } case _ if(allocationDetails.isDefined) => {Congratulations – we've assessed your test results and you've passed the online tests.
@onlineTest.map { test => @if(test.pdfReportAvailable) {View your online test feedback (PDF, less than 100kb)
} } } case _ if(!allocationDetails.isDefined) => {The online tests are not available yet. Once you've been invited, you'll have 5 days to complete the tests.
} }


[![Build Status](secure.travis-ci.org/pry/pry.png)](http://travis-ci.org/pry/pry)
(C) John Mair (banisterfiend) 2011
*Please* [DONATE](www.pledgie.com/campaigns/15899) to the Pry project - Pry was a *huge* amount of work and every donation received is encouraging and supports Pry’s continued development!
*Sponsors*
[Atomic Object](www.atomicobject.com/)
/>
[Bendyworks](bendyworks.com/)
/>
[Intridea](intridea.com/)
/>
**Other Resources**
[Skip to the website (recommended)](pry.github.com)
[Skip to the
wiki](github.com/pry/pry/wiki)
Pry is a powerful alternative to the standard IRB shell for Ruby. It is written from scratch to provide a number of advanced features, some of these include:
- Source code browsing (including core C source with the pry-doc gem)
- Documentation browsing
- Live help system
- Open methods in editors (`edit-method Class#method`)
- Syntax highlighting
- Command shell integration (start editors, run git, and rake from within Pry)
- Gist integration
- Navigation around state (`cd`, `ls` and friends)
- Runtime invocation (use Pry as a developer console or debugger)
- Exotic object support (BasicObject instances, IClasses, …)
- A Powerful and flexible command system
- Ability to view and replay history
- Many convenience commands inspired by IPython, Smalltalk and other advanced REPLs
Pry also aims to be more than an IRB replacement; it is an attempt to bring REPL driven programming to the Ruby language. It is currently not as powerful as tools like [SLIME](en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SLIME) for lisp, but that is the general direction Pry is heading.
Pry is also fairly flexible and allows significant user [customization](github.com/pry/pry/wiki/Customization-and-configuration) is trivial to set it to read from any object that has a `readline` method and write to any object that has a `puts` method - many other aspects of Pry are also configurable making it a good choice for implementing custom shells.
Pry comes with an executable so it can be invoked at the command line. Just enter `pry` to start. A `.pryrc` file in the user’s home directory will be loaded if it exists. Type `pry —help` at the command line for more information.
Try `gem install pry-doc` for additional documentation on Ruby Core methods. The additional docs are accessed through the `show-doc` and `show-method` commands.
- Install the [gem](rubygems.org/gems/pry): `gem install pry`
- Browse the comprehensive [documentation at the official Pry wiki](github.com/pry/pry/wiki)
- Read the [YARD API documentation](rdoc.info/github/pry/pry/master/file/README.markdown)
- See the [source code](github.com/pry/pry)
Pry also has `rubygems-test` support; to participate, first install Pry, then:
- Install rubygems-test: `gem install rubygems-test`
- Run the test: `gem test pry`
- Finally choose ‘Yes’ to upload the results.
### Commands
Nearly every piece of functionality in a Pry session is implemented as a command. Commands are not methods and must start at the beginning of a line, with no whitespace in between. Commands support a flexible syntax and allow ‘options’ in the same way as shell commands, for example the following Pry command will show a list of all private instance methods (in scope) that begin with ‘pa’
pry(YARD::Parser::SourceParser):5> ls -Mp --grep ^pa [:parser_class, :parser_type=, :parser_type_for_filename]
### Navigating around state
Pry allows us to pop in and out of different scopes (objects) using the `cd` command. This enables us to explore the run-time view of a program or library. To view which variables and methods are available within a particular scope we use the versatile [ls command.](gist.github.com/c0fc686ef923c8b87715)
Here we will begin Pry at top-level, then Pry on a class and then on an instance variable inside that class:
pry(main)> class Hello pry(main)* @x = 20 pry(main)* end => 20 pry(main)> cd Hello pry(Hello):1> ls -i => [:@x] pry(Hello):1> cd @x pry(20:2)> self + 10 => 30 pry(20:2)> cd .. pry(Hello):1> cd .. pry(main)> cd ..
The number after the `:` in the pry prompt indicates the nesting level. To display more information about nesting, use the `nesting` command. E.g
pry("friend":3)> nesting Nesting status: 0. main (Pry top level) 1. Hello 2. 100 3. "friend" => nil
We can then jump back to any of the previous nesting levels by using the `jump-to` command:
pry("friend":3)> jump-to 1 Ending Pry session for "friend" Ending Pry session for 100 => 100 pry(Hello):1>
### Runtime invocation
Pry can be invoked in the middle of a running program. It opens a Pry session at the point it’s called and makes all program state at that point available. It can be invoked on any object using the `my_object.pry` syntax or on the current binding (or any binding) using `binding.pry`. The Pry session will then begin within the scope of the object (or binding). When the session ends the program continues with any modifications you made to it.
This functionality can be used for such things as: debugging, implementing developer consoles and applying hot patches.
code:
# test.rb require 'pry' class A def hello() puts "hello world!" end end a = A.new # start a REPL session binding.pry # program resumes here (after pry session) puts "program resumes here."
Pry session:
pry(main)> a.hello hello world! => nil pry(main)> def a.goodbye pry(main)* puts "goodbye cruel world!" pry(main)* end => nil pry(main)> a.goodbye goodbye cruel world! => nil pry(main)> exit program resumes here.
### Command Shell Integration
A line of input that begins with a ’.’ will be forwarded to the command shell. This enables us to navigate the file system, spawn editors, and run git and rake directly from within Pry.
Further, we can use the `shell-mode` command to incorporate the present working directory into the Pry prompt and bring in (limited at this stage, sorry) file name completion. We can also interpolate Ruby code directly into the shell by using the normal `#{}` string interpolation syntax.
In the code below we’re going to switch to `shell-mode` and edit the `.pryrc` file in the home directory. We’ll then cat its contents and reload the file.
pry(main)> shell-mode pry main:/home/john/ruby/projects/pry $ .cd ~ pry main:/home/john $ .emacsclient .pryrc pry main:/home/john $ .cat .pryrc def hello_world puts "hello world!" end pry main:/home/john $ load ".pryrc" => true pry main:/home/john $ hello_world hello world!
We can also interpolate Ruby code into the shell. In the example below we use the shell command `cat` on a random file from the current directory and count the number of lines in that file with `wc`:
pry main:/home/john $ .cat #{Dir['*.*'].sample} | wc -l 44
### Code Browsing
You can browse method source code with the `show-method` command. Nearly all Ruby methods (and some C methods, with the pry-doc gem) can have their source viewed. Code that is longer than a page is sent through a pager (such as less), and all code is properly syntax highlighted (even C code).
The `show-method` command accepts two syntaxes, the typical ri `Class#method` syntax and also simply the name of a method that’s in scope. You can optionally pass the `-l` option to show-method to include line numbers in the output.
In the following example we will enter the `Pry` class, list the instance methods beginning with ‘re’ and display the source code for the `rep` method:
pry(main)> cd Pry pry(Pry):1> ls -M --grep ^re [:re, :readline, :rep, :repl, :repl_epilogue, :repl_prologue, :retrieve_line] pry(Pry):1> show-method rep -l From: /home/john/ruby/projects/pry/lib/pry/pry_instance.rb @ line 143: Number of lines: 6 143: def rep(target=TOPLEVEL_BINDING) 144: target = Pry.binding_for(target) 145: result = re(target) 146: 147: show_result(result) if should_print? 148: end
Note that we can also view C methods (from Ruby Core) using the `pry-doc` plugin; we also show off the alternate syntax for `show-method`:
pry(main)> show-method Array#select From: array.c in Ruby Core (C Method): Number of lines: 15 static VALUE rb_ary_select(VALUE ary) { VALUE result; long i; RETURN_ENUMERATOR(ary, 0, 0); result = rb_ary_new2(RARRAY_LEN(ary)); for (i = 0; i < RARRAY_LEN(ary); i++) { if (RTEST(rb_yield(RARRAY_PTR(ary)[i]))) { rb_ary_push(result, rb_ary_elt(ary, i)); } } return result; }
### Documentation Browsing
One use-case for Pry is to explore a program at run-time by `cd`-ing in and out of objects and viewing and invoking methods. In the course of exploring it may be useful to read the documentation for a specific method that you come across. Like `show-method` the `show-doc` command supports two syntaxes - the normal `ri` syntax as well as accepting the name of any method that is currently in scope.
The Pry documentation system does not rely on pre-generated `rdoc` or `ri`, instead it grabs the comments directly above the method on demand. This results in speedier documentation retrieval and allows the Pry system to retrieve documentation for methods that would not be picked up by `rdoc`. Pry also has a basic understanding of both the rdoc and yard formats and will attempt to syntax highlight the documentation appropriately.
Nonetheless The `ri` functionality is very good and has an advantage over Pry’s system in that it allows documentation lookup for classes as well as methods. Pry therefore has good integration with `ri` through the `ri` command. The syntax for the command is exactly as it would be in command-line - so it is not necessary to quote strings.
In our example we will enter the `Gem` class and view the documentation for the `try_activate` method:
pry(main)> cd Gem pry(Gem):1> show-doc try_activate From: /Users/john/.rvm/rubies/ruby-1.9.2-p180/lib/ruby/site_ruby/1.9.1/rubygems.rb @ line 201: Number of lines: 3 Try to activate a gem containing path. Returns true if activation succeeded or wasn't needed because it was already activated. Returns false if it can't find the path in a gem. pry(Gem):1>
We can also use `ri` in the normal way:
pry(main) ri Array#each ----------------------------------------------------------- Array#each array.each {|item| block } -> array ------------------------------------------------------------------------ Calls _block_ once for each element in _self_, passing that element as a parameter. a = [ "a", "b", "c" ] a.each {|x| print x, " -- " } produces: a -- b -- c --
### Gist integration
If the `gist` gem is installed then method source or documentation can be gisted to github with the `gist-method` command. The `gist-method` command accepts the same two syntaxes as `show-method`. In the example below we will gist the C source code for the `Symbol#to_proc` method to github:
pry(main)> gist-method Symbol#to_proc https://gist.github.com/5332c38afc46d902ce46 pry(main)>
You can see the actual gist generated here: [gist.github.com/5332c38afc46d902ce46](https://gist.github.com/5332c38afc46d902ce46)
### Edit methods
You can use `edit-method Class#method` or `edit-method my_method` (if the method is in scope) to open a method for editing directly in your favorite editor. Pry has knowledge of a few different editors and will attempt to open the file at the line the method is defined.
You can set the editor to use by assigning to the `Pry.editor` accessor. `Pry.editor` will default to `$EDITOR` or failing that will use `nano` as the backup default. The file that is edited will be automatically reloaded after exiting the editor - reloading can be suppressed by passing the `—no-reload` option to `edit-method`
In the example below we will set our default editor to “emacsclient” and open the `Pry#repl` method for editing:
pry(main)> Pry.editor = "emacsclient" pry(main)> edit-method Pry#repl
### Live Help System
Many other commands are available in Pry; to see the full list type `help` at the prompt. A short description of each command is provided with basic instructions for use; some commands have a more extensive help that can be accessed via typing `command_name —help`. A command will typically say in its description if the `—help` option is avaiable.
### Use Pry as your Rails Console
pry -r ./config/environment
MyArtChannel has kindly provided a hack to replace the `rails console` command in Rails 3: [gist.github.com/941174](https://gist.github.com/941174) This is not recommended for code bases with multiple developers, as they may not all want to use Pry.
### Limitations:
- Tab completion is currently a bit broken/limited this will have a major overhaul in a future version.
### Syntax Highlighting
Syntax highlighting is on by default in Pry. You can toggle it on and off in a session by using the `toggle-color` command. Alternatively, you can turn it off permanently by putting the line `Pry.color = false` in your `~/.pryrc` file.
### Future Directions
Many new features are planned such as:
- Increase modularity (rely more on plugin system)
- Much improved tab completion (using [Bond](github.com/cldwalker/bond))
- Much improved documentation system, better support for YARD
- Better support for code and method reloading and saving code
- Extended and more sophisticated command system, allowing piping
between commands and running commands in background
### Contact
Problems or questions contact me at [github](github.com/banister)
### Contributors
Pry is primarily the work of [John Mair (banisterfiend)]((github.com/banister)), for full list of contributors see the [CONTRIBUTORS](github.com/pry/pry/blob/master/CONTRIBUTORS) file.