Defining Clients¶
Clients represent applications that can request tokens from your identityserver.
The details vary, but you typically define the following common settings for a client:
- a unique client ID
- a secret if needed
- the allowed interactions with the token service (called a grant type)
- a network location where identity and/or access token gets sent to (called a redirect URI)
- a list of scopes (aka resources) the client is allowed to access
Note
At runtime, clients are retrieved via an implementation of the IClientStore
. This allows loading them from arbitrary data sources like config files or databases. For this document we will use the in-memory version of the client store. You can wire up the in-memory store in ConfigureServices
via the AddInMemoryClients
extensions method.
Defining a client for server to server communication¶
In this scenario no interactive user is present - a service (aka client) wants to communicate with an API (aka scope):
public class Clients
{
public static IEnumerable<Client> Get()
{
return new List<Client>
{
new Client
{
ClientId = "service.client",
ClientSecrets = { new Secret("secret".Sha256()) },
AllowedGrantTypes = GrantTypes.ClientCredentials,
AllowedScopes = { "api1", "api2.read_only" }
}
};
}
}
Defining browser-based JavaScript client (e.g. SPA) for user authentication and delegated access and API¶
This client uses the so called implicit flow to request an identity and access token from JavaScript:
var jsClient = new Client
{
ClientId = "js",
ClientName = "JavaScript Client",
ClientUri = "http://identityserver.io",
AllowedGrantTypes = GrantTypes.Implicit,
AllowAccessTokensViaBrowser = true,
RedirectUris = { "http://localhost:7017/index.html" },
PostLogoutRedirectUris = { "http://localhost:7017/index.html" },
AllowedCorsOrigins = { "http://localhost:7017" },
AllowedScopes =
{
IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.OpenId,
IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Profile,
IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Email,
"api1", "api2.read_only"
}
};
Defining a server-side web application (e.g. MVC) for use authentication and delegated API access¶
Interactive server side (or native desktop/mobile) applications use the hybrid flow. This flow gives you the best security because the access tokens are transmitted via back-channel calls only (and gives you access to refresh tokens):
var mvcClient = new Client
{
ClientId = "mvc",
ClientName = "MVC Client",
ClientUri = "http://identityserver.io",
AllowedGrantTypes = GrantTypes.Hybrid,
AllowOfflineAccess = true,
ClientSecrets = { new Secret("secret".Sha256()) },
RedirectUris = { "http://localhost:21402/signin-oidc" },
PostLogoutRedirectUris = { "http://localhost:21402/" },
FrontChannelLogoutUri = "http://localhost:21402/signout-oidc",
AllowedScopes =
{
IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.OpenId,
IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Profile,
IdentityServerConstants.StandardScopes.Email,
"api1", "api2.read_only"
},
};


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FATFS interface for driver. More...
#include <stdint.h>
#include <stddef.h>
#include <ti/fs/fatfs/ff.h>
#include <ti/fs/fatfs/diskio.h>
Data Structures | |
| struct | FATFS_ConfigParams_s |
| SD Parameters. More... | |
| struct | FATFS_DrvFxnTable_s |
| The definition of a SD function table that contains the required set of functions to control a specific SD driver implementation. More... | |
| struct | FATFS_HwAttrs_s |
| SDAm57x Hardware attributes. More... | |
| struct | FATFS_Object_s |
| SDAm572x Object. More... | |
| struct | FATFS_Config_s |
| SD Global configuration. More... | |
Macros | |
| #define | FATFS_OK 0 |
| #define | FATFS_ERR (-(1)) |
| #define | FATFS_VOLUME_FULL_ERR (-(10)) |
| #define | FATFS_VOLUME_DISK_AVL (0) |
| #define | FATFS_MBR_TABLE (446) |
| #define | FATFS_SZ_PTE (16) |
| #define | FATFS_NUM_OF_PARTITIONS (4) |
| #define | FATFS_MBR_PT_TYPE_OFFSET (4) |
| #define | FATFS_DFLT_VOLUME_PD (0xf) |
| #define | FATFS_DFLT_VOLUME_PT (0xf) |
| #define | FATFS_MOUNT_IMMEDIATE (1) |
| #define | FATFS_MOUNT_LATER (0) |
| #define | FATFS_MEDIA_BOOT_SEC_OFFSET (21) |
| #define | FATFS_JUMP_BOOT_SEC_OFFSET (0) |
| #define | FATFS_BOOT_MEDIA_TYPE_NON_REM (0xF0) |
| #define | FATFS_BOOT_MEDIA_REM_TYPE_MIN (0xF8) |
| #define | FATFS_BOOT_MEDIA_REM_TYPE_MAX (0xFF) |
| #define | FATFS_JUMP_BOOT_SEC_JMP_INS_0 (0xEB) |
| #define | FATFS_JUMP_BOOT_SEC_JMP_INS_1 (0xE9) |
Typedefs | |
| typedef int32_t | FATFS_Error |
| Return status of FATFS. | |
| typedef void * | FATFS_Handle |
| A handle that is returned from a FATFS_open() call. | |
| typedef void * | FATFS_Params |
| Parameters that is required for FATFS_open() call. | |
| typedef void * | FATFS_DrvHandle |
| A handle that is returned to open driver. | |
| typedef void * | FATFS_DrvParams |
| Parameters that is required to open driver. | |
| typedef struct FATFS_DrvFxnTable_s | FATFS_DrvFxnTable |
| The definition of a SD function table that contains the required set of functions to control a specific SD driver implementation. | |
| typedef struct FATFS_ConfigParams_s | FATFS_ConfigParams |
| SD Parameters. More... | |
| typedef FATFS_Error(* | FATFS_CloseDrvFxn) (FATFS_DrvHandle drvHandle) |
| A function pointer to a driver specific implementation of FATFS_close(). | |
| typedef FATFS_Error(* | FATFS_ControlDrvFxn) (FATFS_DrvHandle drvHandle, uint32_t cmd, void *arg) |
| A function pointer to a driver specific implementation of FATFS_control(). | |
| typedef FATFS_Error(* | FATFS_InitDrvFxn) (void) |
| A function pointer to a driver specific implementation of FATFS_init(). | |
| typedef FATFS_Error(* | FATFS_OpenDrvFxn) (uint32_t index, FATFS_DrvParams drvParams, FATFS_DrvHandle *drvHandle) |
| A function pointer to a driver specific implementation of FATFS_open(). | |
| typedef FATFS_Error(* | FATFS_WriteDrvFxn) (FATFS_DrvHandle drvHandle, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t block, uint32_t numBlks) |
| A function pointer to a driver specific implementation of FATFS_transfer(). | |
| typedef FATFS_Error(* | FATFS_ReadDrvFxn) (FATFS_DrvHandle drvHandle, uint8_t *buf, uint32_t block, uint32_t numBlks) |
| A function pointer to a driver specific implementation of FATFS_transfer(). | |
| typedef struct FATFS_HwAttrs_s | FATFS_HwAttrs |
| SDAm57x Hardware attributes. | |
| typedef struct FATFS_Object_s | FATFS_Object |
| SDAm572x Object. More... | |
| typedef struct FATFS_Config_s | FATFS_Config |
| SD Global configuration. More... | |
Functions | |
| FATFS_Error | FATFS_close (FATFS_Handle handle) |
| Function to close a SD peripheral specified by the SD handle. More... | |
| FATFS_Error | FATFS_open (uint32_t index, FATFS_Params params, FATFS_Handle *handle) |
| Function to initialize a given SD peripheral specified by the particular index value. The parameter specifies which mode the SD will operate. More... | |
| FATFS_Error | FATFS_Params_init (FATFS_Params params) |
| Function to initialize the FATFS_Params struct to its defaults. More... | |
| FATFS_Error | FATFS_init (void) |
| Function to initializes the FATFS module. More... | |
FATFS interface for driver.
============================================================================
The SD header file should be included in an application as follows:
| #define FATFS_BOOT_MEDIA_REM_TYPE_MAX (0xFF) |
Legal maximum value of Media offset in Boot sector for removable media.
| #define FATFS_BOOT_MEDIA_REM_TYPE_MIN (0xF8) |
Legal minimum value of Media offset in Boot sector for removable media.
| #define FATFS_BOOT_MEDIA_TYPE_NON_REM (0xF0) |
Standard value of Media offset in Boot sector for non removable media.
| #define FATFS_DFLT_VOLUME_PD (0xf) |
Default value of the VolToPart structure variable: partition disk
| #define FATFS_DFLT_VOLUME_PT (0xf) |
Default value of the VolToPart structure variable: partition number
| #define FATFS_ERR (-(1)) |
FATFS return code – Function executed failed
| #define FATFS_JUMP_BOOT_SEC_JMP_INS_0 (0xEB) |
Valid JUMP INstruction code value to jump to bootstrap code.
| #define FATFS_JUMP_BOOT_SEC_JMP_INS_1 (0xE9) |
Another Valid JUMP INstruction code value to jump to bootstrap code.
| #define FATFS_JUMP_BOOT_SEC_OFFSET (0) |
Offset of the JUMP instruction field which holds the information of three byte unconditional branch instruction.
| #define FATFS_MBR_PT_TYPE_OFFSET (4) |
Partition Type offset of each partition entry in MBR
| #define FATFS_MBR_TABLE (446) |
MBR: Partition table offset
| #define FATFS_MEDIA_BOOT_SEC_OFFSET (21) |
Offset of Media field in the BOOT Sector which holds the information of the device is removable or non removable media.
| #define FATFS_MOUNT_IMMEDIATE (1) |
Value to mount the partition immediately during f_mount function call
| #define FATFS_MOUNT_LATER (0) |
Value to mount the partition later during f_open function call but not during f_mount function call
| #define FATFS_NUM_OF_PARTITIONS (4) |
Number of partitions supported
| #define FATFS_OK 0 |
FATFS return code – Function executed successfully
| #define FATFS_SZ_PTE (16) |
MBR: Size of a partition table entry
| #define FATFS_VOLUME_DISK_AVL (0) |
FATFS status code – VolToPart structure is available to add partitions
| #define FATFS_VOLUME_FULL_ERR (-(10)) |
FATFS return code – VolToPart structure is full and no index to add more partitions
| typedef struct FATFS_Config_s FATFS_Config |
SD Global configuration.
The FATFS_Config structure contains a set of pointers used to characterize the SD driver implementation.
This structure needs to be defined before calling FATFS_init() and it must not be changed thereafter.
| typedef struct FATFS_ConfigParams_s FATFS_ConfigParams |
SD Parameters.
SD parameters are used to with the FATFS_open() call. Default values for these parameters are set using FATFS_Params_init().
| typedef struct FATFS_Object_s FATFS_Object |
SDAm572x Object.
The application must not access any member variables of this structure!
| FATFS_Error FATFS_close | ( | FATFS_Handle | handle | ) |
Function to close a SD peripheral specified by the SD handle.
| handle | A FATFS_Handle returned from FATFS_open |
| FATFS_Error FATFS_init | ( | void | ) |
Function to initializes the FATFS module.
| FATFS_Error FATFS_open | ( | uint32_t | index, |
| FATFS_Params | params, | ||
| FATFS_Handle * | handle | ||
| ) |
Function to initialize a given SD peripheral specified by the particular index value. The parameter specifies which mode the SD will operate.
| index | Logical peripheral number for the disk indexed into the FATFS_config table |
| params | Pointer to an parameter block, if NULL it will use default values. All the fields in this structure are RO (read-only). |
| handle | Handle to the FATFS driver which holds the hardware attributes and object filesystem parameters. |
| FATFS_Error FATFS_Params_init | ( | FATFS_Params | params | ) |
Function to initialize the FATFS_Params struct to its defaults.
| params | An pointer to FATFS_Params structure for initialization |


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This is a report regarding Kratom as an aid in calming anxiety. I am currently taking Prozac (fluoxetine) and am experiencing jitters.
I have suffered many years of depression and anxiety, and realize it's in my physiology to be this way. I have turned to drugs too many times in the past to escape my problems. By the time I was 22 I was addicted to pain meds (oxycodone specifically) and had tried cocaine numerous times. The cocaine sent me to the ER numerous occasions on the come down, when I thought I was having a heart attack (each time it was just a full-blown panic attack).
I recently started Prozac and have just upped my dose to 20mg. I am very sensitive to antidepressants and have tried all of the different types to help with my illness. Prozac is so far, so good, and it is only my 3rd week. The only problem is insomnia and anxiety...which should go away. And a minor headache. I took my last 5mg oxycodone the other day and found it helped my side effects greatly.
I have heard many things about Kratom and wanted to give it a try. I don't want to take anything addictive as I become way too consumed in things quickly. I ordered 12g of premium powdered kratom online, and decided to make a tea. Since I am new to the prep process, I simply put a cup of water in the microwave for 2 1/2 minutes and brought it to a slow boil. I mixed 2 teaspoons of the kratom powder in the water and let it sit. I also squeezed two lemon wedges into it. The mix was VERY gross looking, kind of swampy.  I stuck it in the microwave and reheated it after about 5 minutes. I let it sit for approx. 15 minutes. By then I was so anxious to try it that I started draining it into another cup via a coffee filter. It looked like a light brownish green color, and smelled like green tea.
I drank it with lemonade as a chaser, and the taste wasn't SO bad. Very bitter, kind of dried my throat (which may also be the prozac). As a side note I had taken my prozac about two hours earlier.
Within 5 minutes, seriously, I knew it was the real thing! I kind of was afraid, not sure what would happen with prozac in my system. It almost felt like I was about to trip, like a mushroom trip. After 15 minutes I felt sort of drunk, and didn't feel any of the euphoria I was expecting.
After 45 minutes I feel great! I have no more jitters and am pleasantly relaxed. I will surely do this again.
About an hour has passed and I have tried smoking a small bowl of it by itself. It has helped the feelings persist without the initial jitters.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


foehnix package provides a toolbox for automated probabilistic foehn wind classification based on two-component mixture models (foehn m**ix**ture models). foehnix models are a special case of the general flexible mixture model class ([1], [2], [3], [4]), an unsupervised statistical model to identify unobserveable clusters or components in data sets.
The application of mixture models for an automated classification of foehn winds has first been proposed by [5]. The “Community Foehn Classification Experiment” shows that the method performs similar compared to another semi-automatic classification, foehn experts, students, and weather enthusiasts (see [6])
Aim of this software package:
The package is not yet published via the Python Package Index (PyPi) but will be made available as soon as finished.
Currently the easiest way to install foehnix Python on Linux is via github and pip:
git clone https://github.com/matthiasdusch/foehnix-python
cd foehnix-python
pip install -e .
Once the observation data have been imported, one can start doing the classification. The foehnix package comes with two demo data sets, one for Southern California (USA) and one for Tyrol (A). The documentation provides a walk-through on how to start using foehnix:
| [1] | Chris Fraley and Adrian E. Raftery. Model-Based Clustering, Discriminant Analysis, and Density Estimation. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 97(458):611–631, June 2002. doi:10.1198/016214502760047131. |
| [2] | Friedrich Leisch. FlexMix: A General Framework for Finite Mixture Models and Latent Class Regression in R. Journal of Statistical Software, 11(1):1–18, October 2004. doi:10.18637/jss.v011.i08. |
| [3] | Bettina Grün and Friedrich Leisch. Fitting finite mixtures of generalized linear regressions in R. Computational Statistics & Data Analysis, 51(11):5247–5252, July 2007. doi:10.1016/j.csda.2006.08.014. |
| [4] | Bettina Grün and Friedrich Leisch. FlexMix Version 2: Finite Mixtures with Concomitant Variables and Varying and Constant Parameters. Journal of Statistical Software, 28(1):1–35, October 2008. doi:10.18637/jss.v028.i04. |
| [5] | David Plavcan, Georg J. Mayr, and Achim Zeileis. Automatic and Probabilistic Foehn Diagnosis with a Statistical Mixture Model. Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology, 53(3):652–659, November 2013. doi:10.1175/JAMC-D-13-0267.1. |
| [6] | Georg j. Mayr, David Plavcan, Laurence Armi, Andrew Elvidge, Branko Grisogono, Kristian Horvath, Peter Jackson, Alfred Neururer, Petra Seibert, James W. Steenburgh, Ivana Stiperski, Andrew Sturman, Željko Večenaj, Johannes Vergeiner, Simon Vosper, and Günther Zängl. The Community Foehn Classification Experiment. Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society, 99(11):2229–2235, August 2018. doi:10.1175/BAMS-D-17-0200.1. |


This map was made February 3, 2019 for "HydroTime" using QGIS 3.4.0 on Windows 10 Pro. Data came from The National Map Small-Scale website.


The class LevelMatchFilter allows logging events with levels in a specified range. More...
#include <levelrangefilter.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| LevelRangeFilter (QObject *pParent=0) | |
| bool | acceptOnMatch () const |
| Level | levelMax () const |
| Level | levelMin () const |
| void | setAcceptOnMatch (bool accept) |
| void | setLevelMax (Level level) |
| void | setLevelMin (Level level) |
| virtual Decision | decide (const LoggingEvent &rEvent) const |
Protected Member Functions | |
| virtual QDebug | debug (QDebug &rDebug) const |
Properties | |
| bool | acceptOnMatch |
| Level | levelMax |
| Level | levelMin |
The class LevelMatchFilter allows logging events with levels in a specified range.
| Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::LevelRangeFilter | ( | QObject * | pParent = 0 |
) |
| bool Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::acceptOnMatch | ( | ) | const |
| virtual QDebug Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::debug | ( | QDebug & | rDebug | ) | const [protected, virtual] |
Writes all object member variables to the given debug stream rDebug and returns the stream.
LevelRangeFilter(acceptonmatch:true levelmin:"ERROR" levelmax:"FATAL" next:Log4Qt::LevelMatchFilter(0x3bcd960) referencecount:1 )
Implements Log4Qt::LogObject.
| virtual Decision Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::decide | ( | const LoggingEvent & | rEvent | ) | const [virtual] |
Implements Log4Qt::Filter.
| Level Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::levelMax | ( | ) | const |
| Level Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::levelMin | ( | ) | const |
| void Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::setAcceptOnMatch | ( | bool | accept | ) | [inline] |
| void Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::setLevelMax | ( | Level | level | ) | [inline] |
| void Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::setLevelMin | ( | Level | level | ) | [inline] |
bool Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::acceptOnMatch [inline, read, write] |
The property holds if an event is accpeted on a match.
The default is true.
Level Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::levelMax [inline, read, write] |
The property holds the maximum level of the range for this filter.
The default is Level::OFF_INT.
Level Log4Qt::LevelRangeFilter::levelMin [inline, read, write] |
The property holds the minimum level of the range for this filter.
The default is Level::NULL_INT.


--- layout: default Title: Shopmobility Breadcrumb1_url: section-parking.html Breadcrumb1_title: Parking & Travel ---
Shopmobility is a loan scheme that provides mobility vehicles to help people get around in Bath city centre. If you have limited mobility (even temporarily), the service is available to you regardless of your age or disability.
The following mobility vehicles are available for hire:
Ways to book:
We recommend that you book in advance. Please bring proof of identity when collecting your vehicle. We’ll show you how to operate the vehicle safely and you’ll have a chance to practice before taking it out on your own.
Please collect your vehicle from the One Stop Shop, 3 to 4 Manvers Street, Bath BA1 1JQ.
| Monday | 8.30am to 5pm | 9am to 4.30pm* | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Opening hours | Hire equipment available | Tuesday | 8.30am to 5pm | 9am to 4.30pm* | |
| Wednesday | 9.30am to 5pm | 9am to 4.30pm* | |||
| Thursday | 8.30am to 5pm | 9am to 4pm* | |||
| Friday | 8.30am to 4.30pm | 9am to 4pm* | |||
| Saturday | 8.30am to 4.30pm | 9am to 4pm* | |||
| Sunday | Closed |
* Equipment must be returned by the specified time, otherwise you’ll be charged £5 in addition to the hire charges.
There’s a small hire charge to cover running costs.
Electric scooter
£1.00 + VAT per hour (or part of)
Powered wheelchair
£1.00 + VAT per hour (or part of)
Manual wheelchair
50p + VAT per hour (or part of)
Overnight hire
£3.50 + VAT for overnight hire
(overnight charges are payable in advance and are non-refundable)
All charges are subject to 20% VAT. You may be exempt from paying VAT if you’re chronically sick or disabled. For more information, please call Shopmobility or ask at the One Stop Shop.


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/structure.20vs.2E.20subtype.html ---
I was wondering why one would choose a structure
over a subtype
(or vice versa) for finset
or any similar construction. It seems like the two are equivalent, but I might be missing something. I don't see an advantage for using a structure
. Using a subtype
gives you a few existing simple lemmas that you wouldn't have to write, but that's the only advantage I see, and it's relatively minor.
write the appropriate simp lemmas yourself :)
Which simp lemmas?
oh, I thought you meant simp lemma by simple lemma
No, I meant init/data/subtype/basic.lean
, which is all the support I've found for subtype
:
import init.logic open decidable universes u namespace subtype def exists_of_subtype {α : Type u} {p : α → Prop} : { x // p x } → ∃ x, p x | ⟨a, h⟩ := ⟨a, h⟩ variables {α : Type u} {p : α → Prop} lemma tag_irrelevant {a : α} (h1 h2 : p a) : mk a h1 = mk a h2 := rfl protected lemma eq : ∀ {a1 a2 : {x // p x}}, val a1 = val a2 → a1 = a2 | ⟨x, h1⟩ ⟨.(x), h2⟩ rfl := rfl @[simp] lemma eta (a : {x // p x}) (h : p (val a)) : mk (val a) h = a := subtype.eq rfl end subtype open subtype instance {α : Type u} {p : α → Prop} {a : α} (h : p a) : inhabited {x // p x} := ⟨⟨a, h⟩⟩
erase "simp" from my advice
Sure, you could write these yourself, which is why I said the advantage is relatively minor.
So, given that, I'm wondering why choose one or the other.
then don't choose :P
Oh, there are at least a couple other options, of course, depending on what you want: exists
and (p
)sigma
.
But, still, you have to make choice, assuming you want to do something and not nothing. :stuck_out_tongue_winking_eye:
write both
don't use choice
Why, Kenny?
choice is non-constructive
It's a decidable choice.
Note that I'm talking about constructing something. :simple_smile:
I was wondering why one would choose a
structure
over asubtype
(or vice versa) forfinset
or any similar construction.
never use choice
even when it's decidable
it's evil
Kenny, why did you choose to enroll at Imperial?
I didn't choose
it just happened
Just like you trolling this thread just happens
lol
In CS they choose things all the time -- even to the point of breaking symmetry. For example they chose lt
to be the important one and define gt
through it. Here it doesn't matter which one to choose, but they had to choose one.
For making more complex structures, it is dawning on me more and more that you do have to make a design decision -- what the "fundamental" way of doing it is -- and then you build other things on top. But I guess you only prove the lemmas for one implementation and then deduce for the others.
Kenny, I suggest that it just happens that you read the following article in the Journal of the American Philosophical Association: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-the-american-philosophical-association/article/aristotle-on-trolling/540BB557C82186C33BFFB61E35A0B5B6
Kevin, yes, and then write a solid API.
So the question is that in any specific case, e.g. fintype, topological spaces, valuations, whatever -- which construction do you make "fundamental"? And this seems to me to be a very delicate question.
I am currently trying to grasp the math-API to mixed Hodge modules. There really is a lot of API there. A huge black box behind it, but a solid API.
Kevin, if the API is good, the question becomes a bit less delicate, I hope.
But lots of parts in mathlib are lacking good API's. (And I myself am very bad at writing good API's.)
So the question is that in any specific case, e.g. fintype, topological spaces, valuations, whatever -- which construction do you make "fundamental"? And this seems to me to be a very delicate question.
For my question, I can only see a slight practical advantage to choosing subtype
over structure
. I was wondering if there was anything deeper.
By the way, this :arrow_up: is me trying to stay on the topic of the thread. :wink:
Though I'm happy to see other threads branch off on related topics.
The results of my finset
structure
→ subtype
experiment: https://github.com/leanprover/mathlib/pull/183
Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


Angkla Beach Club & Botique Resort
Welcome to ANGKLA, a scenic stop nestled along the strikingly beautiful stretch of white sand in Nacpan Beach, El Nido. Here, eyes meet nature’s pristine blue and green wonders, ears hear serenades composed by soft waves crashing against the shore, and worries disappear into the distance. The beauty of ANGKLA lies not only in its natural, clean, yet distinct aesthetics, but also in our philosophy. Rooted in our belief that life’s wonders are worth searching for, our aim is to create a sanctuary for like-minded individuals from all over the globe who seek experiences beyond the superficial.
Read MoreCasa Kalaw. Lio Estate Resorts
Casa Kalaw is located in Lio Tourism Estate in El Nido, Palawan. It is designed for your comfort and delight, with various activities available, as you relax, enjoy, and indulge in the best island in the world. Master-planned as an ecologically-sustainable tourism destination, Lio shall be home to hotels and resorts, tourism and commercial establishments and residential communities with world-class amenities that blends with the natural landscape. Lio’s character and design are guided by principles of sustainability – developing the land with the least impact to the environment.
Read MoreLagen Island Resorts
Nestled between a lush four-hectare forest and a calm, shallow lagoon, Lagen Island, El Nido Resorts’ Eco-Sanctuary island resort, has the densest forest over limestone out of the 45 islands and islets of Bacuit Bay. Lagen Island serves as a sanctuary for a diverse variety of birds and mammals. Observe and delight in different endemic species flourishing in their natural habitat. Hike through Lagen’s forest trail which leads to a rewarding view of one of the coves on the other side of the island.
Read MoreMiniloc Island Resorts
El Nido Resorts’ Eco-Discovery island resort, Miniloc, offers guests with a back-to-basics Filipino coastal village vibe with rustic or native design. In Miniloc, guests can swim with the 1.5-meter jack fish and get up close and personal with a variety of marine species just at its house reef. Miniloc Island is also a gateway to discover and explore the popular attractions around Bacuit Bay, such as the Big and Small Lagoons and Snake Island.
Read MorePangulasian Island
Pangulasian Island is El Nido Resorts’ Eco-Luxury island resort in Bacuit Bay, El Nido. The resort is set fronting a pristine beach and against a backdrop of tropical forest. Also known as the “Island of the Sun”, Pangulasian has breathtaking views of both the sunrise and sunset. Frolic in the 750-meter stretch of white sand beach and be amazed by the marine sanctuary right at its doorstep. Discerning guests will be treated to luxurious amenities and impeccable and personalized service at Pangulasian Island. The resort offers a total of 42 deluxe accommodations built with contemporary Filipino and cutting edge “green” design.
Read MoreApulit Island
El Nido Resorts’ Eco-Adventure island resort, Apulit, set in Taytay Bay in North-eastern Palawan, offers exciting and exhilarating activities for the thrill-seeker. Guests may climb and rappel down the 60-meter limestone cliff, with birds’ eye-view of the whole island. Dive and discover sunken treasures just off the beach, with a Japanese ship wreck and a plethora of marine species to greet guests. Put on headlights and go spelunking in the different caves of Apulit, or hop on the banca as one go island hopping and snorkelling with the resort’s marine sports guides to identify and explain the different species around the area. The resort’s guest activities coordinators will help plan your adventure-filled holiday at Apulit Island.
Read More


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Perl Weekly
Issue #69 - 2012-11-19 - Perl Advent Calendars
latest | archive | by Gabor Szabo
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Hi,
This week again, there were relatively few articles. I wonder if this is the silence before the ... Advent calendars? In case you don't know, every year, just before Christmas, several groups of Perl developers create Advent calendars, and publish one article every day. I already see two groups getting organized. See the links below, how you might help.
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Articles
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Helios 2.60 Released
Helios is a distributed job processing system. It's on CPAN, but it now also has its own web site linked from the article.
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Why PERL_UNICODE makes me SAD
With a funny use of the acronym, David Golden explains what the PERL_UNICODE flag does, and how can that can make things worse.
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The Curious Case of the Justifiable but Slow Singleton
In the first part of his article chromatic shows his dislike for how people took the ideas described in the Design Patterns book, and followed them as if those were recommendations instead of descriptions. How it lead to a proliferation of Singletons - (aka. global variables). Then he shows an example where a singleton can actually be useful.
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Advent
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It's Time for Catalyst Advent!
A call for people to write Catalyst-related articles for the Advent calendar. Let me emphasize, that John Napiorkowski is looking for both technical and non-technical articles. For example how using Catalyst is a good business decision.
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Perl Advent Calendar
A couple of days ago, Ricardo Signes sent out a call for help on the Perl Advent mailing list. I cannot link to that message, but you can check out the web site of the Perl Advent Calendar and see how you can write an article.
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Web
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Testing WebSockets from console
The title might be a little misleading. Viacheslav Tykhanovskyi (vti) showed how to use the console utility that comes with Protocol::WebSocket to check and debug the server side of the websocket.
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Filters with Template Toolkit
Want to display prices in 4 different currencies? Want to make it easy for the person building the HTML to do this? Alberto Simões shows how.
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Configuration Management - Deployment
I wonder if this area of the newsletter should actually be called 'DevOps'
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On the utility of Module::Build::CleanInstall
As Joel Berger explains, when you upgrade a module, sometimes you want to make sure old files from the previous installations are all gone. This is what the Module::Build plugin accomplishes. There is something that looks similar in both major toolchains, but that is actually a complementary operation. Frankly, I wish this was also part of the toolchains and not some extra module.
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Deploying 'Half of CPAN' on Debian using Carton
There is a tension between developers like Peter Makholm, who would like to use recent versions of modules, and between system administrators who prefer the ones that are distributed by their vendor. In this case Debian. Carton can help in creating a list of modules with specific version numbers that can make it easier to use them on the production systems.
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Help Perl Project Layout Problem
It is rare that you can see the issues a project - larger than a CPAN module - faces. That's why it is interesting to see how Joe Crotty is handling a project with several programming languages and various helper files and other assets involved.
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Documentation
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Tools
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Weekly collections
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Tutorial
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Boolean values in Perl
I thought this will be a very boring part of the tutorial, but it turns out there is some serious confusion about boolean values is Perl. Actually it probably partially comes from people who arrive from other languages. Get confused. Implement their own 'true' and 'false' values in Perl and then others learn from them...
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Event plans
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Events
I usually list the next 3-4 events here. The list of all the events can be found on the web site. If your Perl event is not listed there, please let me know.
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You know, you could get the Perl Weekly right in your mailbox. Every Week. Free of charge!
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$39/57: Constant 8, ID mark for start of block header ROM-Reference: LDA $39 : $F940 $FC3F STA $39 : $F296 Previous Page / Next Page


Diane L. Jones
Front-End Web Developer
Featured work
Robot Store Project
Github
Car DealerShip Project
Github
Animal Trading Card Project
Github


| Name | Date Modified | Kind | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| iTest2 | 30/07/2009 01:16PM | Bookmark | |||
| Homer Simpson | 30/07/2009 01:16PM | Contact | |||
| Bart Simpson | 30/07/2009 01:16PM | Contact | |||
| iTest2 | 30/07/2009 01:16PM | Serial | |||
| Architect must code | 30/07/2009 01:16PM | Note | |||
| Architect must code | 30/07/2009 01:16PM | WebArchive | |||
| iTest2 License | 30/07/2009 01:16PM | Password |
Found 7 items
| Loading ... |
No Selection


--- layout: post title: Go see this date: 2008-06-12 00:00:00 categories: amusing digital-media personal ---
Quadratura are doing an event in London in June. Go see their showreel, it looks amazing. Mr BigFug does lovely things with light :)
(and guitars)


Fredrik Johansen
- +45 42 94 43 31
-<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- fredrikj31.github.io
- Copenhagen, Denmark
Hi, I'm Fredrik Johansen. I am a largely self-taught software developer. I like to develop different digital products that other people would benefit from. I have been developing software since I was 13 years old. Therefore I have a broad knowledge of the field. Software development, as always, brings many problems that need to be solved, but this has not stopped me from achieving the goal that I have set for myself. I am a hard-working person who always strives to complete the given task as well as possible.
Work Experiences
Owner of Johansen Development
Johansen Development is the company I'm running as Owner, which builds different apps and digital products for the ordinary consumer. Johansen Development strives to produce sass (Software as a Service) and digital products, which they see as a need for society.
Johansen Development has developed different types of apps, which is released in the Play-Store, as well as developing a training app.
Projects
LectioToCal
LectioToCal is a desktop and web application that allows student and teachers to transfer their schedules from Lectio to Google Calendar. It uses the Lectio API that I made to grab the lessons from the school schedule. The application started as a desktop application but was it easy to transfer it to a web app because the desktop version used Electron, as the backend.
Genbrug Danmark
Genbrug Danmark is an app, made in Flutter and Firebase as backend. The idea for this app came from a project in my school. Here we got to find a solution to the waste problem. We ended up making a cross-platform app, which includes a map where you can find all the nearby recycling sites, and a scanner, in which you could scan your trash, and it would tell you in which waste bin you should deposit your giving waste.
Lectio Scraper / API
LectioScraper was a library I created over the first two years I was a student in my school. It's a library to scrape Lectio.dk, which around 90% of all high schools in Denmark use for their schools. Python is the chosen language on which the library is built. The library can be used for scraping the different lessons you have in a week, and lessons are transferred to your calendar by using the LectioToCal app.
High School - Subject & Elective Picker
For my exam in Computer Science, I choose to create a web app for my school to use. The program would allow both people from inside and outside the school to get an overview of the different study programs, subjects, and electives you could have in our school. I also choose to create a backend. The administration can use it to change the different data in the database.
Druk Kongen
I chose to create a Drinking Game app because I couldn't find any app on the market which has many of the games in one app. I began developing a cross-platform app made in Flutter and Firebase as the backend. The app would be the main app, for the younger generation to have fun with when they are drinking.


CL-GSERVER.AGENT
make-agent STATE-FUN → result
STATE-FUN
:
a
T
result
: a T.
Makes a new `agent' instance. `state-fun' is a function that takes no parameter and provides the initial state of the `agent' as return value.


Grimms' Tales for Young and Old: The Complete Stories - Jacob W ...
I had never read the Grimm version before and was pleasantly surprised on how simple and to the point it is. . The Complete Fairy Tales of the Brothers Grimm All -New Third Edition . The Twelve Brothers. 34 . Lazy Heinz 5 1 2 . The brothers were born thirteen months apart in the German province of Hesse, and were .
http://books.google.com/books/about/Grimms_Tales_for_Young_and_Old.html?id=r5ublLqmaC8C
Treatment for Herniated or Bulging Discs
Grimm Brothers' Children's and Household Tales (Grimms' Fairy Tales)
Grimm Brothers Home Page. D. L. Ashliman's . The Twelve Lazy Servants . This link is to a High German translation of the Grimms' original Low German text.
http://www.pitt.edu/~dash/grimmtales.html
Grimm's Fairy Tales - Brothers Grimm
Read "Household Tales," by the Brothers Grimm.
http://classiclit.about.com/library/bl-etexts/grimm/bl-grimm-index.htm
grimm twelve lazy servants german version Herniated or Bulging Discs
Review | Fairy Tales from the Brothers Grimm by Philip Pullman
Nov 9, 2012 . Lazy Heinz . Pullman embellishes on the most interesting versions of the Grimm . as a study in German linguistics, scholarly material not regarded as suitable for children. . Revealing to a spying servant, 'Water, earth, and air, and . Snow White, Briar Rose, The Twelve Dances Princesses, The .
http://bookkvetch.com/2012/grimmfairytales.html
Grimm's Fairy Tales | Grimm Brothers | Lit2Go ETC
Grimm's Fairy Tales is a collection of German fairy tales. . The Twelve Dancing Princesses: A king attempts to discover the secret of his daughter's worn shoes.
http://etc.usf.edu/lit2go/175/grimms-fairy-tales/
Official Impairment Listing for Spinal Disorders
Grimms' Fairy Tales index
They are from Margarate Hunt's 1844 translation into English .
http://www.seiyaku.com/lit/grimm/index-en-num.html
- brentwood high school tn (narrowing of the spine)
Grimms' Fairy Tales | Candlelight Stories
The Brothers Grimm were Jacob and Wilhelm Grimm, German professors of linguistics, who . The Margaret Hunt Translation (published in 1884): . THE IRON STOVE; THE LAZY SPINNER; THE FOUR SKILFUL BROTHERS; ONE- EYE, . THE TWELVE IDLE SERVANTS; THE SHEPHERD BOY; THE STAR MONEY; THE .
http://www.candlelightstories.com/storybooks/grimms-fairy-tales/Grimm's Fairy Tales
The exact print source is unknown. The etext appears to be based on the translation by Margaret Hunt called Grimm's Household Tales , but it is not identical to .
http://www.cs.cmu.edu/~spok/grimmtmp/
Grimms Comp Fairy Tales - Jacob W. Grimm, Wilhelm Grimm ...
More than 200 tales by Brothers Grimm. . ****LIKES/DISLIKES: I chose this version of Cinderella because I was raised on German fairy tales and enjoy the tragic . The Lazy Spinner. 547. The Three Sluggards. 549. The Twelve Idle Servants .
http://books.google.com/books/about/Grimms_Comp_Fairy_Tales.html?id=yiwteT0E6IAC
Medical-Vocational Allowance for Herniated Disc
Grimms' Fairy Tales - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The collection is commonly known today as Grimm's Fairy Tales (German: Grimms . This children's version went through ten editions between 1825 and 1858. . KHM 127: The Iron Stove (Der Eisenofen); KHM 128: The Lazy Spinner ( Die . The Old Beggar-Woman (Die alte Bettelfrau); KHM 151: The Twelve Idle Servants .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Grimms'_Fairy_Tales
Grimm Index Page
Hunt is based on the last revised edition of the Grimms tales. This electronic . For an earlier version of this site we linked each tale to German versions at Projekt Gutenberg-DE. Unfortunately . 128 / The Lazy Spinner (Die faule Spinnerin). 129 / The . 151* / The Twelve Idle Servants (Die zwölf faulen Knechte). 152 / The .
http://myweb.dal.ca/barkerb/fairies/grimm/
Appealing a Denial of Benefits
Complete Grimm's Fairy Tales - Study of Fairy Tale Stories ...
Norse-Franco-German Fairy Tales . for those who think they know the tale but have never read the true version, this story ends much differently then most would imagine. . The Twelve Brothers . The Six Servants . The Lazy Spinnder .
http://zeluna.net/grimms-fairytales.html
Brothers Grimm - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
The Brothers Grimm (German: Brüder Grimm or Die Gebrüder Grimm), Jacob . Forced to relinquish the servants and the house, Dorothea depended on financial . [12] In Germany a popular collection of tales by Johann Karl August Musäus had . Versions of tales differ from region to region, "picking up bits and pieces of .
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Brothers_Grimm


This is my first app, I don't have a team working with me, so if you're having any technical problems, I'll do my best to fix them for you. It may take a little while for me to get back to you, but don't worry I'm listening.
On this page is support for both the iOS app and Chrome desktop app.
Before you contact me, please try these steps first:
If none of these steps fix your technical problem, please send me an email describing what happened, the steps to recreate the issue and your device and iOS version.
If none of these steps fix your technical problem, please send me an email describing what happened, the steps to recreate the issue and your Operating System (OS) and Google Chrome version. These can be found by typing chrome://version into the address bar.


With Dictation, you can use the magic of speech recognition to write emails, narrate essays and long documents in the browser without touching the keyboard.
To get started, just connect the microphone to your computer and click the Start Dictation button.
Dictation uses your browser's local Storage to save all the transcribed text automatically as you speak. That means you can close the browser and it will resume from where you left off.
The app internally uses the built-in speech recognition engine of Google Chrome to transform your voice into digital text.
You don't have to speak in English as Chrome's engine can recognize quite a few languages including Arabic, Chinese, Spanish, French, German, Italian, Malay, Indonesian and more. Dictation will automatically determine your browser's default launguage and uses it for subsequent transcriptions.
Hindi is the only Indian language that is supported at this time.
Written by Amit Agarwal for Digital Inspiration.
You can narrate long sentences in one go and Chrome's built-in speech recognition will transcribe them simultaneously. See video demo.
1. Say "New Paragraph" to begin a new paragraph
2. Say "Comma", "Full Stop", "Question Mark" for punctuation
3. Click the "Stop Listening" button to end the speech recognition session. You can click the "Start" button again to resume transcription.
Dictation uses the x-webkit-speech attribute of HTML5 that is only implemented in Google Chrome. This attribute is only implemented for <input> (single-line) form fields so Dictation uses a workaround. It hides the speech-enabled input behind the microphone icon and appends the transcribed text to a regular DIV.


____ __ __ __ _
/ __ \/ /_ __ ___ ___ ____ _/ /_ / /__ (_)____
/ /_/ / / / / / __ \/ __ \/ __/ / __ \/ / _ \ / / ___/
/ ____/ / /_/ / /_/ / /_/ / /_/ / /_/ / / __/ / (__ )
/_/ /_/\__,_/\__, /\__, /\__/_/_.___/_/\___(_)_/ /____/
/____//____/ /___/
Introduction
pluggable.js lets you make your JS project extendable via plugins, while still keeping sensitive objects and data private within es2015 modules or through closures.
It was originally written for converse.js, to provide a plugin architecture that allows 3rd party developers to extend and override private objects and backbone.js classes, but it does not require nor depend on either library.
Size and dependencies
Pluggable.js depends on 8 lodash functions and provides a custom lodash build with only these functions in the 3rdparty/ directory.
Pluggable.js itself is only 2.5KB when minified and the custom lodash build is 26KB when minified (both without gzip compression).
Documentation
To understand how it works under the hood, read the annotated source code.
Live demo of the example code
Here's a small example which shows how pluggable.js can be used to make a private, closured Javascript object pluggable.
Further below we'll show the example code and explain how it works.
Usage
Please note: The examples to follow use the ES5 version of Javascript. Pluggable.js however also works with ES2015 modules.
Suppose you have a module with a private scope and two private methods,
_showNotification
and _fadeOut
. Let's just assume for the sake of
illustration that there's a good reason why these methods are private.
What we want to do, is to make this module pluggable. In other words, we want people to be able to write plugins for this module, in which they can:
- Access the closured scope of this module.
- Add new methods to the module.
- Override or extend existng methods (private or public) on this module.
To make the module pluggable, we simply call pluggable.enable(module);
.
Once we've made this call, the module
object will have a new property
pluginSocket
, which you can think of as the thing into which the plugins are
plugged into. It is an instance of PluginSocket
, which represents the plugin
architecture and manages all the plugins.
Additionally, we need to expose some way for plugins to register themselves.
Since the module itself is private, we'll need to expose the registerPlugin
method on the pluginSocket
via a public method.
And then finally, once all plugins have been registered, they need to be
initialized by calling initializePlugins
on the PluginSocket
instance.
For example:
module.pluginSocket.initializePlugins();
Example code of a module to be made pluggable
Let's now look at the code for our module (which will go into a file called app.js
):
// An example application, used to demonstrate how pluggable.js can
// allow a module to be made pluggable.
(function () {
var module = this;
// A private method, not available outside the scope of this module.
module._showNotification = function (text) {
/* Displays a notification message */
var el = document.createElement('p');
el.setAttribute('class', 'notification');
el.appendChild(document.createTextNode(text));
el = document.getElementById('notifications').appendChild(el);
setTimeout(() => module._fadeOut(el), 3000);
return el;
};
// Another private method, not available outside the scope of this module.
module._fadeOut = function (el) {
/* Fades out the passed in DOM element. */
el.style.opacity = 1;
(function fade() {
if ((el.style.opacity -= 0.1) < 0) {
el.remove();
} else {
setTimeout(fade, 25);
}
})();
};
// Initialize this module.
// -----------------------
// There are two buttons for which we register event handlers.
//
// This will be a public method.
module.initialize = function () {
var notify_el = document.getElementById('notify');
notify_el.addEventListener('click', function () {
module._showNotification('This is a notification.');
});
var enable_el = document.getElementById('enable');
enable_el.addEventListener('click', function () {
this.setAttribute('disabled', 'disabled');
module.pluginSocket.initializePlugins();
});
};
// Register a plugin for this module.
// ----------------------------------
// This is a wrapper method which defers to the `registerPlugin` method
// of pluggable.js, which is on the `pluginSocket` property of the
// private `module` object that was made pluggable, via
// `pluggable.enable(module).
//
// This will be a public method.
module.registerPlugin = function (name, plugin) {
module.pluginSocket.registerPlugin(name, plugin);
};
// Calling `pluggable.enable` on the closured `module` object, will make it
// pluggable. Additionally, it will get the `pluginSocket` attribute, which
// refers to the object that the plugins get plugged into.
pluggable.enable(module);
// Declare the two public methods
var _public = {
'initialize': module.initialize,
'registerPlugin': module.registerPlugin
};
window.myApp = _public;
return _public;
})();
Creating the plugin
So, as you can see in the example above, the module has a private method
_showNotification
, which will show a notification message in the page.
Let's now create a plugin which overrides this method, so that we can modify the way the notification message will be displayed.
By the way, multiple plugins can override the same method. As long as
each overriding method calls the original method, via the __super__
property,
the method call will travel up through all the overrides (in the reverse order
in which the plugins were registered) back to the original method.
The way to call the method being overridden, is like this:
this.__super__.methodName.apply(this, arguments);
where methodName
is the name of the method. In our example, this will be
showNotification
.
Example plugin code
So, with that said, here's what the plugin code (which goes into the file plugin.js
)
will look like:
(function () {
// We call the public `registerPlugin` method from our module in app.js
window.myApp.registerPlugin('my-plugin', {
overrides: {
// Here you specify your overrides of methods or objects on the
// module that has been made pluggable.
// Override _showNotification to change the color of notification
// messages.
_showNotification: function (text) {
// When overriding a method, you can still call the original method
// via `this.__super__`. To properly call with the proper `this`
// context and parameters, use `.apply(this, arguments)`.
var el = this.__super__._showNotification.apply(this, arguments);
// Now we simply set another class on the element containing
// the notifications, so that they'll appear in a different
// color.
el.setAttribute('class', el.getAttribute('class')+' extra');
}
// BTW, new methods which don't exist yet can also be added here.
},
initialize: function (socket) {
// The initialize function gets called as soon as the plugin is
// loaded by pluggable.js's plugin machinery.
// We are passed in an instance of the `PluginSocket`, which
// represents the plugin architecture and gets created when
// `pluggable.enable` is called on an object.
// The `PluginSocket` instance is also accessible via the `pluginSocket`
// attribute, on the module that was passed to `pluggable.enable`.
// You can get hold of the module which was made pluggable
// via the `plugged` property of the `PluginSocket` instance.
// Once you have the module, you can access its private properties
// and call its private methods.
// Here, once this plugin is initialized, we show a notification.
socket.plugged._showNotification(
"The plugin has been enabled. Notifications are now a different color."
);
}
});
})();
Custom plugin code
The plugin has three important parts to it. Firstly, a call to register the plugin must be made, and then passed in with this call is an object which represents the plugin itself.
This plugin object has an overrides
key, which is another object containing methods
and objects that will override similarly named methods and object properties on the
module itself.
Additionally, the initializePlugins
method has been called on the
pluginSocket
instance.
This happens inside our module in app.js and this methods should generally be called once, after all plugins have been registered and after the module being made pluggable has itself been initialized.
In the initialize
method, you have access the module's scope, which would
otherwise not be available to you.
So, as you can see, the plugin lets us achieve our three goals stated earlier:
1. Access the closured scope of this module.
We have access to the module and all its properties and methods inside the
initialize
method of our plugin.
2. Add new methods to the module.
We can add new methods to our module, either inside the initialize
method of
our plugin, or by stating them declaratively in overrides
object.
3. Override or extend existng methods (private or public) on this module.
We can override existing methods and object properties via the overrides
object.


{% load i18n %}
{% trans "Air quality information is provided based on your IP adress. You can select the type of information you want : Agregated index or just PM 2.5." %}
{% trans "You can also ask your rabbit by saying such things as 'What is the air quality today ?'" %}


Functions | |
| DR_EXPORT bool | drutil_init (void) |
| DR_EXPORT void | drutil_exit (void) |
| DR_EXPORT bool | drutil_insert_get_mem_addr (void *drcontext, instrlist_t *bb, instr_t *where, opnd_t memref, reg_id_t dst, reg_id_t scratch) |
| DR_EXPORT uint | drutil_opnd_mem_size_in_bytes (opnd_t memref, instr_t *inst) |
| DR_EXPORT bool | drutil_expand_rep_string (void *drcontext, instrlist_t *bb) |
| DR_EXPORT bool | drutil_expand_rep_string_ex (void *drcontext, instrlist_t *bb, OUT bool *expanded, OUT instr_t **stringop) |
| DR_EXPORT void drutil_exit | ( | void | ) |
Cleans up the drutil extension.
| DR_EXPORT bool drutil_expand_rep_string | ( | void * | drcontext, | |
| instrlist_t * | bb | |||
| ) |
Expands single-instruction string loops (those using the rep
or repne
prefixes) into regular loops to simplify memory usage analysis. This is accomplished by arranging for each single-instruction string loop to occupy a basic block by itself (by truncating the prior block before the loop, and truncating instructions after the loop) and then exanding it into a multi-instruction loop.
WARNING: The added multi-instruction loop contains several control-transfer instructions and is not straight-line code, which can complicate subsequent analysis routines.
WARNING: The added instructions have translations that are in the middle of the original string loop instruction. This is to prevent passes that match exact addresses from having multiple hits and doing something like inserting 6 clean calls.
The client must use the drmgr
Extension to order its instrumentation in order to use this function. This function must be called from the application-to-application ("app2app") stage (see drmgr_register_bb_app2app_event()).
This transformation is determinstic, so the caller can return DR_EMIT_DEFAULT from its event.
| DR_EXPORT bool drutil_expand_rep_string_ex | ( | void * | drcontext, | |
| instrlist_t * | bb, | |||
| OUT bool * | expanded, | |||
| OUT instr_t ** | stringop | |||
| ) |
Identical to drutil_expand_rep_string() but returns additional information.
| [in] | drcontext | The opaque context |
| [in] | bb | Instruction list passed to the app2app event |
| [out] | expanded | Whether any expansion occurred |
| [out] | stringop | The string instruction in the expanded loop |
| DR_EXPORT bool drutil_init | ( | void | ) |
Initializes the drutil extension. Must be called prior to any of the other routines, and should only be called once.
| DR_EXPORT bool drutil_insert_get_mem_addr | ( | void * | drcontext, | |
| instrlist_t * | bb, | |||
| instr_t * | where, | |||
| opnd_t | memref, | |||
| reg_id_t | dst, | |||
| reg_id_t | scratch | |||
| ) |
Inserts instructions prior to where
in bb
that determine and store the memory address referred to by memref
into the register dst
. May clobber the register scratch
. Supports far memory references.
To obtain each memory address referenced in a single-instruction string loop, use drutil_expand_rep_string() to transform such loops into regular loops containing (non-loop) string instructions.


Of Variables and Scope
April 4, 2015
Variables are one of the tiniest and yet most important cogs of what makes programs work. We cannot have programs without variables. To this end, keeping track of the sheer amount of variables that larger and larger programs will begin to use is a heady task indeed. In order to help us coders try to properly organize and keep our variables in check, we must make good use of scope.
What is scope? Scope is the "level" or "scale" of each block and line of code that we write. In the vast ocean of our code, we will have lots of differently sized objects. The ocean itself can be seen as each one of our programs. An island or landmass in the ocean could be a class. Then houses built on these islands could be methods within our classes. We will need to use variables in each of these different "scales", but this is where we must be careful. Do our variables belong to a specific class? Do other classes need to see these variables or not? Are we just using one as a counter that can be thrown away?
This is where Variable Scope comes in. In ruby specifically, there are many levels of variable scope. The top level is called a global variable, marked with $. This is a variable accessible and changeable by any line or block of code in the entire program. This is probably not a great variable to use, because if any method or class or instances of a class can change it willy nilly, it'll be far too hard to keep track of over a longer program, or a program with multiple classes and objects.
Next we have the class variables, marked with @@. This is a variable that exists within classes, and can be called upon anywhere within the class it is created. This includes methods within the class, too! And even multiple calls of the same class can all use this same @@ variable.
Next we have instance variables, marked with @. They're the same as the class variable above, but these are especially cool because they are "instanced". That means that the same class, called multiple times, can each have its own @variable that differs from every other instance of the called class. This is hugely important because of the processing we must do in the methods of each class.
Finally, we have local variables. These variables are unmarked, and only exist within that block of code. That means they can be used in loops and methods, and will not leave these blocks. If you want to be cryptic and call all of your local variables "x", you can do this in multiple methods and classes and no one will be the wiser!
One exception to these is the CONSTANT variable, marked with allcaps. These variables are ones that cannot be changed and will always be constant and useable in our calculations. Things such as 100 cents to a dollar, 24 hours to a day, or -9.8m/s2 for gravity. CONSTANTS declared in the ocean of our program will be global. CONSTANTS created inside of classes will be only class-wide. Thus, this is a variable that has...variable scope!


Anushka Sharma couldn’t stop smiling as Virat Kohli returned from Kolkata
by Vedanshi PathakVirat Kohli and Anushka Sharma are undoubtedly one of the most popular celebrity couples of today. They are always seen having a great time in each other’s company and notwithstanding their hectic work schedules, they make it a point to find time for each other. Virat, who was in Kolkata to play the first-ever pink ball test match in India, was snapped at the airport as he returned to Mumbai earlier this morning. Virat hit a century during the match and it was reason enough to make his wife Anushka Sharma beam with elation.
The actress was clicked giving Virat a tight hug as he sat in the car and the couple couldn’t contain their happiness on seeing each other. Check out their latest pictures below.


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Warehouse Chief Gesto:
Seed jar!
Oh my, I completely forgot about it! It's late! Would you help me? Since you'll have to wait for it anyway, it'll be faster if you help me.
"What can I do for you?"


consent biobank research items forms data German biobanks documents research. issues e.g., content Human informed relevant A., clinical mentioned assessment Medical information (%) C., J., M., procedures sample study Biobank D., K., Research genetic research, Council biobanks. biomedical material matrix quality studies European International criteria development findings guidelines participation potential (%). Clinical Table [Council addressed at: considered important model samples text Available Beskow Emanuel Europe.] G., Gottweis Health OECD, additional aspects developed different form human need potentially registered used (approx. Association B., Department E., Ethics Genet. Hum. Kaye, Med. Medicines P., R., T., address analysis biological biomaterial compared conditions documents. donors empirical ethical forms, include legal national number participant participants practice public purpose regarding risks use –%) "Right (D) (e.g., (see (without Agency Biobanks Brehaut Budimir Ethical Eur. Europe, Furthermore, Grady Harnischmacher Nevertheless, Organizations Oxford Registry Sciences Textbook World [European [WMA], appropriate assessed biobanks, die discussed explanation general guidance high identified importance included international materials networking new provide researchers review rights section similar standards support templates types validity widely withdraw


| Opcode | Instruction | Op/En | 64-Bit Mode | Compat/Leg Mode | Description |
| 0F 34 | SYSENTER | NP | Valid | Valid | Fast call to privilege level 0 system procedures. |
| Op/En | Operand 1 | Operand 2 | Operand 3 | Operand 4 |
| NP | NA | NA | NA | NA |
Executes a fast call to a level 0 system procedure or routine. SYSENTER is a companion instruction to SYSEXIT. The instruction is optimized to provide the maximum performance for system calls from user code running at privilege level 3 to operating system or executive procedures running at privilege level 0.
When executed in IA-32e mode, the SYSENTER instruction transitions the logical processor to 64-bit mode; otherwise, the logical processor remains in protected mode.
Prior to executing the SYSENTER instruction, software must specify the privilege level 0 code segment and code entry point, and the privilege level 0 stack segment and stack pointer by writing values to the following MSRs:
These MSRs can be read from and written to using RDMSR/WRMSR. The WRMSR instruction ensures that the IA32_SYSENTER_EIP and IA32_SYSENTER_ESP MSRs always contain canonical addresses.
While SYSENTER loads the CS and SS selectors with values derived from the IA32_SYSENTER_CS MSR, the CS and SS descriptor caches are not loaded from the descriptors (in GDT or LDT) referenced by those selectors. Instead, the descriptor caches are loaded with fixed values. See the Operation section for details. It is the responsibility of OS software to ensure that the descriptors (in GDT or LDT) referenced by those selector values correspond to the fixed values loaded into the descriptor caches; the SYSENTER instruction does not ensure this correspondence.
The SYSENTER instruction can be invoked from all operating modes except real-address mode.
The SYSENTER and SYSEXIT instructions are companion instructions, but they do not constitute a call/return pair. When executing a SYSENTER instruction, the processor does not save state information for the user code (e.g., the instruction pointer), and neither the SYSENTER nor the SYSEXIT instruction supports passing parameters on the stack.
To use the SYSENTER and SYSEXIT instructions as companion instructions for transitions between privilege level 3 code and privilege level 0 operating system procedures, the following conventions must be followed:
The SYSENTER and SYSEXIT instructions were introduced into the IA-32 architecture in the Pentium II processor. The availability of these instructions on a processor is indicated with the SYSENTER/SYSEXIT present (SEP) feature flag returned to the EDX register by the CPUID instruction. An operating system that qualifies the SEP flag must also qualify the processor family and model to ensure that the SYSENTER/SYSEXIT instructions are actually present. For example:
IF CPUID SEP bit is set THEN IF (Family = 6) and (Model < 3) and (Stepping < 3) THEN SYSENTER/SYSEXIT_Not_Supported; FI; ELSE SYSENTER/SYSEXIT_Supported; FI; FI;
When the CPUID instruction is executed on the Pentium Pro processor (model 1), the processor returns a the SEP flag as set, but does not support the SYSENTER/SYSEXIT instructions.
IF CR0.PE = 0 OR IA32_SYSENTER_CS[15:2] = 0 THEN #GP(0); FI; RFLAGS.VM ← 0; RFLAGS.IF ← 0; IF in IA-32e mode THEN RSP ← IA32_SYSENTER_ESP; RIP ← IA32_SYSENTER_EIP; ELSE ESP ← IA32_SYSENTER_ESP[31:0]; EIP ← IA32_SYSENTER_EIP[31:0]; FI; CS.Selector ← IA32_SYSENTER_CS[15:0] AND FFFCH; (* Operating system provides CS; RPL forced to 0 *) (* Set rest of CS to a fixed value *) CS.Base ← 0; CS.Limit ← FFFFFH; CS.Type ← 11; CS.S ← 1; CS.DPL ← 0; CS.P ← 1; IF in IA-32e mode THEN CS.L ← 1; CS.D ← 0; ELSE CS.L ← 0; CS.D ← 1; FI; CS.G ← 1; CPL ← 0; SS.Selector ← CS.Selector + 8; (* Set rest of SS to a fixed value *) SS.Base ← 0; SS.Limit ← FFFFFH; SS.Type ← 3; SS.S ← 1; SS.DPL ← 0; SS.P ← 1; SS.B ← 1; SS.G ← 1;
VM, IF (see Operation above)
| #GP(0) | If IA32_SYSENTER_CS[15:2] = 0. |
| #UD | If the LOCK prefix is used. |
| #GP | The SYSENTER instruction is not recognized in real-address mode. |
| #UD | If the LOCK prefix is used. |
Same exceptions as in protected mode.
Same exceptions as in protected mode.
Same exceptions as in protected mode.


Options quote and trade data can be accessed in the Slice object in the OnData event handler. The OptionChains
member contains an OptionChain
object for each subscribed option. An OptionChain
object has information about the underlying asset and options contracts that were filtered by SetFilter
.
var underlying = chain.Underlying; var contracts = chain.Contracts;
underlying = chain.Underlying contracts = chain.Contracts
// In Initialize OptionSymbol = option.Symbol; // In OnData OptionChain chain; if (slice.OptionChains.TryGetValue(OptionSymbol, out chain)) { // we find at the money (ATM) put contract with farthest expiration var atmContract = chain .OrderByDescending(x => x.Expiry) .ThenBy(x => Math.Abs(chain.Underlying.Price - x.Strike)) .ThenByDescending(x => x.Right) .FirstOrDefault(); }
# In Initialize self.OptionSymbol = option.Symbol; # In OnData(self, slice) for chain in slice.OptionChains.Values: # sort contracts to find at the money (ATM) contract with the farthest expiration contracts = sorted(sorted(chain, \ key = lambda x: abs(chain.Underlying.Price - x.Strike)), \ key = lambda x: x.Expiry, reverse=True)
An OptionChain
is a list of OptionContract
objects. The OptionContract has the following additional properties:
// List of OptionContract objects class OptionChain : BaseData, IEnumerable<OptionContract> { BaseData Underlying; // Symbol of underlying asset. QuoteBars QuoteBars; // All quotebars in this chain. OptionContracts Contracts; // All tradebars in this chain. }
# List of OptionContract objects class OptionChain(self): self.Underlying # Symbol of underlying asset. self.QuoteBars # All quotebars in this chain. self.Contracts # All tradebars in this chain.
The OptionContract
object is the tradeable security of options markets. It has its own Symbol code representing the unique option contract. It has the following properties:
// Tradable Option Contract From Option Chain for Asset class OptionContract : BaseData, IEnumerable<OptionContract>{ Symbol Symbol; // Symbol of tradable asset. Symbol UnderlyingSymbol; // Symbol of underlying asset. decimal Strike; // Strike price for contract. DateTime Expiry; // Expiry date for the contract. OptionRight Right; // Put or Call decimal TheoreticalPrice; //Price generated from option model. decimal ImpliedVolatility; //Implied volatility from option model. Greeks Greeks; //collection of greek properties DateTime Time; //Time of the data. decimal OpenInterest; //Number of contracts available. decimal LastPrice; //Last Trade Price long Volume; //Number of contracts traded this minute. decimal BidPrice; //Bid price. long BidSize; //Bid Size decimal AskPrice; //Asking Price long AskSize; //Ask Size. decimal UnderlyingLastPrice; //Underlying price of asset. }
# Tradable Option Contract From Option Chain for Asset class OptionContract(self): self.Symbol # Symbol of tradable asset. self.UnderlyingSymbol # Symbol of underlying asset. self.Strike # (decimal) strike price for contract. self.Expiry # (datetime) expiry date for the contract. self.Right # (OptionRight) Put or Call self.TheoreticalPrice # (decimal) Price generated from option model. self.ImpliedVolatility # (decimal) Implied volatility from option model. self.Greeks # (Greeks) collection of greek properties self.Time # (datetime) Time of the data. self.OpenInterest # (decimal ) Number of contracts available. self.LastPrice # (decimal) Last Trade Price self.Volume # Number of contracts traded this minute. self.BidPrice # (decimal) Bid price. self.BidSize # (long) Bid Size self.AskPrice # (decimal) Asking Price self.AskSize # (long) Ask Size. self.UnderlyingLastPrice # (decimal) Underlying price of asset.


The questions no one cares about, but everyone's wondering
The question was:
Raw data available here.
My goal with this question was to attempt to map out some sort of social structure on campus. As a computer science major, I noticed my freshman year that all the people I considered friends were almost all exclusively CS majors, and my conversations all revolved around computers one way or another.
I figured I had to be an outlier. This is a well-rounded liberal arts campus after all. I still wanted to find out, do certain types of majors draw certain kinds of people? Are some majors just incompatible? Could there be some sort of social segregation based on major?
I attempted to visualize this by drawing all the connections. The thicker the connection, the more people asociated with that link:
Take a moment to explore this graph. Hovering over any node will hide all other nodes and just show you the connections of that node. You can also click and drag to move the nodes around.
Some of these connections aren't too surprising. For example, Japanese connects just to Asian Studies and Philosophy, while Biology seems to be pretty well connected. We could conclude that the majors in the center with the most connections have the most diverse friends, whereas those on the outskirts tend to only talk to those like them, but there's a problem with this kind of statement. It's a problem I've always kind of skipped over every time, but it's far too glaring in this dataset not to talk about.
Notice how almost all of the lines are of the same thickness. Perhaps only biology and its connections have thicker lines. That means every one of those connections is just one person. It's impossible to draw a conclusion about the relationship between maths & physics students when we only have one connection between those (despite the fact that more than 1 math major filled out the survey).
Fret not! This doesn't mean our data is completely useless. One thing we can say is that the most connected majors are likely just the most popular majors. This is a potential sign that the friend networks at St. Olaf are pretty evenly distributed, and that if we got more people to fill this out, we'd find more majors have as many connections as Biology or Psychology.
The other interesting thing to notice about this data is what is NOT present. Notice how many majors have no self connection.
I was completely surprised to see a lot of responses of people whose closest friends weren't in their own major. In fact only 45% of people (33 out of 73) had someone in their own major in their list of close friends.
You can see this in the graph by looking at the self edges. Notice how Computer Science & Music have very strong self edges, while Biology, despite being a popular major, has a very weak self edge.
I think of these as The Lonely Majors because I just can't imagine what it's like to go to class every day and be surrounded with people you have no strong connections with. It's strange to me because, at least in my case, these are the people I spend the most time with.
I wonder if it has anything to do with the culture associated with certain majors. Computer Science is often seen not just as a career but as a hobby.
Now I really want to expand on this study to see if this phenomenon persists as we increase the sample.
There's no particular reason I chose to ask specifically about history majors other than the fact that I realized I couldn't name a single one, and neither could anyone in my circle of friends (there turns out to be no connections in the data between CS and History, so perhaps this is to be expected).
Out of a total of 73 responses, people collectively knew 134 history majors. Which isn't too bad considering there's only 48 history majors on campus.
The average ole knows about 2 history majors.
This summary would imply that History is pretty well connected among the social fabric of campus, but the graph contradicts it (go back and check the connections on History). Here's another way we can look at this data:
You can see that the majority of people know either 0 or 1 history majors.
I obviously do. But I think so should you. The idea that we all have something to gain from people we might have little in common with is foundational to the liberal arts education. You can force people to take classes in different departments, but that might not translate to actual connections.
St. Olaf does a lot of really awesome Math-Bio collaborations. You can see a strong connection there in the graph.
I wish there was a tighter connection between art & CS. It really bothers me seeing a lot of art projects stifled because of a lack of technological expertise, while on the other side of campus, talented programmers struggle to put together well designed products.
Why do certain majors have such strong connections all around while others continue to be isolated? I think being able to articulate this can bring us closer together as a community.
And if you're not a history major, perhaps you can go out of your way to find one and say hi. (If you are a history major, it might help to hold a sign or something...)
– Omar


I take privacy and security very seriously.
None of the projects currently store any sensitive personal information such as full names, finanicial information, family names, social security numbers, etc.
The ACFT Android app stores scores into an online database for statistics on average scores and how many total scores have been calculated. No other information is saved.


Safe fs.ReadStream
and fs.WriteStream
using the same fd.
Let's say that you want to perform a parallel upload of a file to a remote
server. To do this, we want to create multiple read streams. The first thing
you might think of is to use the {start: 0, end: 0}
API of
fs.createReadStream
. This gives you two choices:
fs.ReadStream
objects.Neither of these are acceptable options. The first one is a severe bug,
because the API docs for fs.write
state:
Note that it is unsafe to use
fs.write
multiple times on the same file without waiting for the callback. For this scenario,fs.createWriteStream
is strongly recommended.
fs.createWriteStream
will solve the problem if you only create one of them
for the file descriptor, but it will exhibit this unsafety if you create
multiple write streams per file descriptor.
The second option suffers from a race condition. For each additional time the file is opened after the first, it is possible that the file is modified. So in our parallel uploading example, we might upload a corrupt file that never existed on the client's computer.
This module solves this problem by providing createReadStream
and
createWriteStream
that operate on a shared file descriptor and provides
the convenient stream API while still allowing slicing and dicing.
This module also gives you some additional power that the builtin
fs.createWriteStream
do not give you. These features are:
FdSlicer
instance from a Buffer
. This enables you
to provide API for handling files as well as buffers using the same API.var fdSlicer = require('fd-slicer');
var fs = require('fs');
fs.open("file.txt", 'r', function(err, fd) {
if (err) throw err;
var slicer = fdSlicer.createFromFd(fd);
var firstPart = slicer.createReadStream({start: 0, end: 100});
var secondPart = slicer.createReadStream({start: 100});
var firstOut = fs.createWriteStream("first.txt");
var secondOut = fs.createWriteStream("second.txt");
firstPart.pipe(firstOut);
secondPart.pipe(secondOut);
});
You can also create from a buffer:
var fdSlicer = require('fd-slicer');
var slicer = FdSlicer.createFromBuffer(someBuffer);
var firstPart = slicer.createReadStream({start: 0, end: 100});
var secondPart = slicer.createReadStream({start: 100});
var firstOut = fs.createWriteStream("first.txt");
var secondOut = fs.createWriteStream("second.txt");
firstPart.pipe(firstOut);
secondPart.pipe(secondOut);
var fdSlicer = require('fd-slicer');
fs.open("file.txt", 'r', function(err, fd) {
if (err) throw err;
var slicer = fdSlicer.createFromFd(fd);
// ...
});
Make sure fd
is a properly initialized file descriptor. If you want to
use createReadStream
make sure you open it for reading and if you want
to use createWriteStream
make sure you open it for writing.
options
is an optional object which can contain:
autoClose
- if set to true
, the file descriptor will be automatically
closed once the last stream that references it is closed. Defaults to
false
. ref()
and unref()
can be used to increase or decrease the
reference count, respectively.var fdSlicer = require('fd-slicer');
var slicer = fdSlicer.createFromBuffer(someBuffer);
// ...
The file descriptor passed in. undefined
if created from a buffer.
Available options
:
start
- Number. The offset into the file to start reading from. Defaults
to 0.end
- Number. Exclusive upper bound offset into the file to stop reading
from.highWaterMark
- Number. The maximum number of bytes to store in the
internal buffer before ceasing to read from the underlying resource.
Defaults to 16 KB.encoding
- String. If specified, then buffers will be decoded to strings
using the specified encoding. Defaults to null
.The ReadableStream that this returns has these additional methods:
destroy(err)
- stop streaming. err
is optional and is the error that
will be emitted in order to cause the streaming to stop. Defaults to
new Error("stream destroyed")
.Available options
:
start
- Number. The offset into the file to start writing to. Defaults to
0.end
- Number. Exclusive upper bound offset into the file. If this offset
is reached, the write stream will emit an 'error' event and stop functioning.
In this situation, err.code === 'ETOOBIG'
. Defaults to Infinity
.highWaterMark
- Number. Buffer level when write()
starts returning
false. Defaults to 16KB.decodeStrings
- Boolean. Whether or not to decode strings into Buffers
before passing them to_write()
. Defaults to true
.The WritableStream that this returns has these additional methods:
destroy()
- stop streamingAnd these additional properties:
bytesWritten
- number of bytes written to the streamAnd these additional events:
bytesWritten
changes.Equivalent to fs.read
, but with concurrency protection.
callback
must be defined.
Equivalent to fs.write
, but with concurrency protection.
callback
must be defined.
Increase the autoClose
reference count by 1.
Decrease the autoClose
reference count by 1.
Emitted if fs.close
returns an error when auto closing.
Emitted when fd-slicer closes the file descriptor due to autoClose
. Never
emitted if created from a buffer.


pywinauto.controls.common_controls¶
Classes that wrap the Windows Common controls
Bases:
object
Wrapper around Toolbar button (TBBUTTONINFO) items
Initialize the item
Click on the Toolbar button
Click on the Toolbar button
Return True if the button has the specified style
Return if the button can be checked
Return if the button is in the checked state
Return if the button is in the pressed state
Return if the button can be pressed
Return if the button is in the pressed state
Get the rectangle of a button on the toolbar
Return the state of the button
Return the style of the button
Return the text of the button
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
_treeview_element
(elem, tv_handle)¶Bases:
object
Wrapper around TreeView items
Initialize the item
Children
()¶Return the direct children of this control
Click
(button='left', double=False, where='text', pressed='')¶Click on the treeview item
where can be any one of “text”, “icon”, “button”, “check” defaults to “text”
ClickInput
(button='left', double=False, wheel_dist=0, where='text', pressed='')¶Click on the treeview item
where can be any one of “text”, “icon”, “button”, “check” defaults to “text”
Collapse
()¶Collapse the children of this tree view item
Drop
(button='left', pressed='')¶Drop at the item
EnsureVisible
()¶Make sure that the TreeView item is visible
Expand
()¶Expand the children of this tree view item
GetChild
(child_spec, exact=False)¶Return the child item of this item
Accepts either a string or an index. If a string is passed then it returns the child item with the best match for the string.
IsChecked
()¶Return whether the TreeView item is checked or not
IsExpanded
()¶Indicate that the TreeView item is selected or not
IsSelected
()¶Indicate that the TreeView item is selected or not
Item
()¶Return the item itself
Next
()¶Return the next item
Rectangle
(text_area_rect=True)¶Return the rectangle of the item
If text_area_rect is set to False then it will return the rectangle for the whole item (usually left is equal to 0). Defaults to True - which returns just the rectangle of the text of the item
Select
()¶Select the TreeView item
StartDragging
(button='left', pressed='')¶Start dragging the item
State
()¶Return the state of the item
SubElements
()¶Return the list of Children of this control
Text
()¶Return the text of the item
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
_listview_item
(lv_ctrl, item_index, subitem_index=0)¶Bases:
object
Wrapper around ListView items
Initialize the item
Check
()¶Check the ListView item
Click
(button='left', double=False, where='text', pressed='')¶Click on the list view item
where can be any one of “all”, “icon”, “text”, “select”, “check” defaults to “text”
ClickInput
(button='left', double=False, wheel_dist=0, where='text', pressed='')¶Click on the list view item
where can be any one of “all”, “icon”, “text”, “select”, “check” defaults to “text”
Deselect
()¶Mark the item as not selected
The ListView control must be enabled and visible before an Item can be selected otherwise an exception is raised
EnsureVisible
()¶Make sure that the ListView item is visible
Image
()¶Return the image index of the item
Indent
()¶Return the indent of the item
IsChecked
()¶Return whether the ListView item is checked or not
IsFocused
()¶Return True if the item has the focus
IsSelected
()¶Return True if the item is selected
Item
()¶Return the item itself (LVITEM instance)
ItemData
()¶Return the item data (dictionary)
Rectangle
(area='all')¶Return the rectangle of the item.
Possible
area
values:
"all"
Returns the bounding rectangle of the entire item, including the icon and label."icon"
Returns the bounding rectangle of the icon or small icon."text"
Returns the bounding rectangle of the item text."select"
Returns the union of the “icon” and “text” rectangles, but excludes columns in report view.
Select
()¶Mark the item as selected
The ListView control must be enabled and visible before an Item can be selected otherwise an exception is raised
State
()¶Return the state of the item
Text
()¶Return the text of the item
UnCheck
()¶Uncheck the ListView item
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
AnimationWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Animation common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
friendlyclassname
= 'Animation'¶
windowclasses
= ['SysAnimate32']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
BandWrapper
¶Bases:
pywinauto.win32structures.REBARBANDINFOW
Simple wrapper around REBARBANDINFOW to allow setting new attributes
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
CalendarWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Calendar common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
friendlyclassname
= 'Calendar'¶
has_title
= False¶
windowclasses
= ['SysMonthCal32']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
ComboBoxExWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows ComboBoxEx common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
friendlyclassname
= 'ComboBoxEx'¶
has_title
= False¶
windowclasses
= ['ComboBoxEx32']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
DateTimePickerWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows DateTimePicker common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
GetTime
()¶Get the currently selected time
SetTime
(year, month, day_of_week, day, hour, minute, second, milliseconds)¶Get the currently selected time
friendlyclassname
= 'DateTimePicker'¶
has_title
= False¶
windowclasses
= ['SysDateTimePick32']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
HeaderWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows ListView Header common control
Initialise the instance
ClientRects
()¶Return all the client rectangles for the header control
GetColumnRectangle
(column_index)¶Return the rectangle for the column specified by column_index
GetColumnText
(column_index)¶Return the text for the column specified by column_index
ItemCount
()¶Return the number of columns in this header
Texts
()¶Return the texts of the Header control
friendlyclassname
= 'Header'¶
windowclasses
= ['SysHeader32', 'msvb_lib_header']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
HotkeyWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Hotkey common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
friendlyclassname
= 'Hotkey'¶
has_title
= False¶
windowclasses
= ['msctls_hotkey32']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
IPAddressWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows IPAddress common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
friendlyclassname
= 'IPAddress'¶
has_title
= False¶
windowclasses
= ['SysIPAddress32']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
ListViewWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows ListView common control
This class derives from HwndWrapper - so has all the methods o that class also
Initialise the instance
Check
(item)¶Check the ListView item
ColumnCount
()¶Return the number of columns
ColumnWidths
()¶Return a list of all the column widths
Columns
()¶Get the information on the columns of the ListView
Deselect
(item)¶Mark the item as not selected
The ListView control must be enabled and visible before an Item can be selected otherwise an exception is raised
GetColumn
(col_index)¶Get the information for a column of the ListView
GetHeaderControl
()¶Returns the Header control associated with the ListView
GetItem
(item_index, subitem_index=0)¶Return the item of the list view”
- item_index Can be either an index of the item or a string with the text of the item you want returned.
- subitem_index A zero based index of the item you want returned. Defaults to 0.
GetItemRect
(item_index)¶Return the bounding rectangle of the list view item
GetSelectedCount
()¶Return the number of selected items
IsChecked
(item)¶Return whether the ListView item is checked or not
IsFocused
(item)¶Return True if the item has the focus
IsSelected
(item)¶Return True if the item is selected
Item
(item_index, subitem_index=0)¶Return the item of the list view”
- item_index Can be either an index of the item or a string with the text of the item you want returned.
- subitem_index A zero based index of the item you want returned. Defaults to 0.
ItemCount
()¶The number of items in the ListView
Items
()¶Get all the items in the list view
Select
(item)¶Mark the item as selected
The ListView control must be enabled and visible before an Item can be selected otherwise an exception is raised
Texts
()¶Get the texts for the ListView control
UnCheck
(item)¶Uncheck the ListView item
friendlyclassname
= 'ListView'¶
windowclasses
= ['SysListView32', 'WindowsForms\\d*\\.SysListView32\\..*', 'TSysListView', 'ListView20WndClass']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
PagerWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Pager common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
GetPosition
()¶Return the current position of the pager
SetPosition
(pos)¶Set the current position of the pager
friendlyclassname
= 'Pager'¶
windowclasses
= ['SysPager']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
ProgressWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Progress common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
GetPosition
()¶Return the current position of the progress bar
GetState
()¶Get the state of the progress bar
- State will be one of the following constants:
- PBST_NORMAL
- PBST_ERROR
- PBST_PAUSED
GetStep
()¶Get the step size of the progress bar
SetPosition
(pos)¶Set the current position of the progress bar
StepIt
()¶Move the progress bar one step size forward
friendlyclassname
= 'Progress'¶
has_title
= False¶
windowclasses
= ['msctls_progress', 'msctls_progress32']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
ReBarWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows ReBar common control
Initialise the instance
BandCount
()¶Return the number of bands in the control
GetBand
(band_index)¶Get a band of the ReBar control
GetToolTipsControl
()¶Return the tooltip control associated with this control
Texts
()¶Return the texts of the Rebar
friendlyclassname
= 'ReBar'¶
windowclasses
= ['ReBarWindow32']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
StatusBarWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Status Bar common control
Initialise the instance
BorderWidths
()¶Return the border widths of the StatusBar
A dictionary of the 3 available widths is returned: Horizontal - the horizontal width Vertical - The width above and below the status bar parts Inter - The width between parts of the status bar
ClientRects
()¶Return the client rectangles for the control
GetPartRect
(part_index)¶Return the rectangle of the part specified by part_index
GetPartText
(part_index)¶Return the text of the part specified by part_index
PartCount
()¶Return the number of parts
PartRightEdges
()¶Return the widths of the parts
Texts
()¶Return the texts for the control
friendlyclassname
= 'StatusBar'¶
windowclasses
= ['msctls_statusbar32', 'HSStatusBar', 'TStatusBar', 'WindowsForms\\d*\\.msctls_statusbar32\\..*']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
TabControlWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Tab common control
Initialise the instance
ClientRects
()¶Return the client rectangles for the Tab Control
GetProperties
()¶Return the properties of the TabControl as a Dictionary
GetSelectedTab
()¶Return the index of the selected tab
GetTabRect
(tab_index)¶Return the rectangle to the tab specified by tab_index
GetTabText
(tab_index)¶Return the text of the tab
RowCount
()¶Return the number of rows of tabs
Select
(tab)¶Select the specified tab on the tab control
TabCount
()¶Return the number of tabs
Texts
()¶Return the texts of the Tab Control
friendlyclassname
= 'TabControl'¶
windowclasses
= ['SysTabControl32', 'WindowsForms\\d*\\.SysTabControl32\\..*']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
ToolTip
(ctrl, tip_index)¶Bases:
object
Class that Wraps a single tip from a ToolTip control
Read the required information
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
ToolTipsWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows ToolTips common control (not fully implemented)
Initialize the instance
GetTip
(tip_index)¶Return the particular tooltip
GetTipText
(tip_index)¶Return the text of the tooltip
Texts
()¶Return the text of all the tooltips
ToolCount
()¶Return the number of tooltips
friendlyclassname
= 'ToolTips'¶
windowclasses
= ['tooltips_class32', '.*ToolTip', '#32774', 'MS_WINNOTE', 'VBBubble']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
ToolbarWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Toolbar common control
Initialise the instance
Button
(button_identifier, exact=True, by_tooltip=False)¶Return the button at index button_index
ButtonCount
()¶Return the number of buttons on the ToolBar
CheckButton
(button_identifier, make_checked, exact=True)¶Find where the button is and click it if it’s unchecked and vice versa
GetButton
(button_index)¶Return information on the Toolbar button
GetButtonRect
(button_index)¶Get the rectangle of a button on the toolbar
GetButtonStruct
(button_index)¶Return TBBUTTON structure on the Toolbar button
GetToolTipsControl
()¶Return the tooltip control associated with this control
MenuBarClickInput
(path, app)¶Select menu bar items by path (experimental!)
The path is specified by a list of items separated by ‘->’ each Item can be the zero based index of the item to return prefaced by # e.g. #1.
- Example:
- “#1 -> #0”, “#1->#0->#0”
PressButton
(button_identifier, exact=True)¶Find where the button is and click it
Texts
()¶Return the texts of the Toolbar
TipTexts
()¶Return the tip texts of the Toolbar (without window text)
friendlyclassname
= 'Toolbar'¶
windowclasses
= ['ToolbarWindow32', 'WindowsForms\\d*\\.ToolbarWindow32\\..*', 'Afx:ToolBar:.*']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
TrackbarWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows Trackbar common control
Initialize the control
- hwnd is either a valid window handle or it can be an instance or subclass of HwndWrapper.
If the handle is not valid then an InvalidWindowHandle error is raised.
friendlyclassname
= 'Trackbar'¶
windowclasses
= ['msctls_trackbar']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
TreeViewWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows TreeView common control
Initialise the instance
EnsureVisible
(path)¶Make sure that the TreeView item is visible
GetItem
(path, exact=False)¶Read the TreeView item
- path the path to the item to return. This can be one of the following:
- A string separated by characters. The first character must be . This string is split on the characters and each of these is used to find the specific child at each level. The represents the root item - so you don’t need to specify the root itself.
- A list/tuple of strings - The first item should be the root element.
- A list/tuple of integers - The first item the index which root to select.
GetProperties
()¶Get the properties for the control as a dictionary
IsSelected
(path)¶Return True if the item is selected
Item
(path, exact=False)¶Read the TreeView item
- path the path to the item to return. This can be one of the following:
- A string separated by characters. The first character must be . This string is split on the characters and each of these is used to find the specific child at each level. The represents the root item - so you don’t need to specify the root itself.
- A list/tuple of strings - The first item should be the root element.
- A list/tuple of integers - The first item the index which root to select.
ItemCount
()¶Return the count of the items in the treeview
PrintItems
()¶Print all items with line indents
Root
()¶Return the root element of the tree view
Roots
()¶
Select
(path)¶Select the treeview item
Texts
()¶Return all the text for the tree view
friendlyclassname
= 'TreeView'¶
windowclasses
= ['SysTreeView32', 'WindowsForms\\d*\\.SysTreeView32\\..*', 'TTreeView', 'TreeList.TreeListCtrl']¶
- class
pywinauto.controls.common_controls.
UpDownWrapper
(hwnd)¶Bases:
pywinauto.controls.HwndWrapper.HwndWrapper
Class that wraps Windows UpDown common control
Initialise the instance
Decrement
()¶Decrement the number in the UpDown control by one
GetBase
()¶Get the base the UpDown control (either 10 or 16)
GetBuddyControl
()¶Get the buddy control of the updown control
GetRange
()¶Return the lower, upper range of the up down control
GetValue
()¶Get the current value of the UpDown control
Increment
()¶Increment the number in the UpDown control by one
SetBase
(base_value)¶Get the base the UpDown control (either 10 or 16)
SetValue
(new_pos)¶Set the value of the of the UpDown control to some integer value
friendlyclassname
= 'UpDown'¶
windowclasses
= ['msctls_updown32', 'msctls_updown']¶


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