R is an open source
programming language and software environment for statistical computing
and graphics. The R language is widely used among statisticians for
developing statistical software and data analysis. R was created by
Ross
Ihaka and Robert
Gentleman at the University of
Auckland, New Zealand, and now, R is developed by
the R Development Core Team.
To download R and install it on your
computer, you can get it at the Comprehensive R Archive Network
(http://cran.r-project.org). One option that you may want to explore
is RStudio (http://rstudio.org) which is a very nice front-end to R and
works on all platforms.
The R System is divided into 2 conceptual parts:
R objects can have attributes: names or dimnames, dimensions (e.g. matrices, arrays), class, length, or any other user-defined attributes/metadata. attributes of an object can be access using the attributes() function.
Go to Start > Programs > R
> R . This will open the R prompt which we will use to test basic
statements. When you enter an expression into the R prompt and press
Enter, R will evaluate that expression and display the results (if there
are any).
as you can see the rules of
precedence are applied here. Notice the weird “[1]” that accompanies
each returned value. In R, any number that you enter in the console is
interpreted as a vector. A vector is an ordered collection of numbers.
The “[1]” means that the index of the first item displayed in the row
is 1. In each of these cases, there is also only one element in the
vector.
The <- symbol is the assignment
operator. When a complete expression is entered at the prompt, it is
evaluated and the result of the evaluated expression is returned. The
result may/not be auto-printed. The [1] indicates the index of the
element in the vector. The # character indicates a comment and anything
right to it is ignored.
you can also assign an object on the
left to a variable on the right
= means assign the value of the
right hand side to the variable on the left hand side. == tests
variables for equality
The : operator can be
used to create integer sequence vector.
The numbers in the brackets on the
left-hand side of the results indicate the index of the first element
shown in each row.
THe c() function can be used to create
vectors of objects.
You could use the vector() function to
specify the vector type and length and it will create an empty vector
for you.
Variables can be used in creating
vectors, their values will replace their names
What about mixing different objects in a vector, implicit casting occurs
so that every element in the vector is of the same class (least common
dominator).
You can refer to specific member
using its location,
For you reference: [ ] always returns an object of the same class as the original; can be used to select more than one element (retrieving matrix elements is exception to this rule, it returns a vector)
or members using location or
expression.
or specific members using their
indices as integer vector (they will be retrieved in the order of
reference, not by their order in the original vector)
When you perform an operation on two
vectors, R will match the elements of the two vectors pairwise and
return a vector. This is called vectorized operation.
If the two vectors aren’t the same
size, R will repeat the smaller sequence multiple times:
Note the warning if the second sequence isn’t a
multiple of the first.
Objects can be explicitly casted
from one class to another using the as.* functions, if available. like
:
Nonsensical casting results in NAs
An array is a multidimensional
vector. Vectors and arrays are stored the same way internally, but an
array may be displayed differently and accessed differently. An array
object is just a vector that’s associated with a dimension attribute.
The dimension attribute itself is an integer vector of length 2 (nrow,
ncol). Items can be referenced by its indices.
you can refer to part of the array
by specifying separate indices for each dimension, separated by
commas:
to get all values in one dimension,
simply omit the indices for that dimension:
three dimensional arrays
A Matrix is just a two-dimensional
array.
Matrices are constructed column-wise, so entries can be thought of
starting in the upper left corner and running down the
columns.
based on the above fact, matrices can be created directly from vectors
by adding a dimension attribute to a vector
Matrices can be created by column-binding cbind() or row-binding rbind(). the example explains it all
Lists are a special type of vector that can contain elements of different data types (notice that its printing is different)
For your reference: [[ ]] is used to extract elements of a list or a data frame; it can only be used to extract a single element and the type of the returned object doesn’t have to be a list or data frame. Doesn’t support partial name matching, passed name have to be exact.
You can name each element in a list.
Items in a list may be referred by either location or name. $ is used to
retrieve elements by name. It also supports partial name matching
(passing part of the name, not all of it)
A list can even contain other lists
(we will refer to previous list e):
Factors are used to represent
categorical data. Factors can be unordered or ordered. Its like an
integer vector where each integer has a label, so you create a vector of
any type that is treated internally by integers. The following example
creates a factor from a vector of strings. When it prints, it prints the
values and it has an attribute Levels
that represents data categories of the factor elements.
Factors are treated specially by
modeling functions like lm() and glm() which we will discuss later.
Using factors with labels is better than using integers because factors
are self-describing; having a variable that has values “Male” and
“Female” is better than a variable that has values 1 and 2.
We can call table() function on
factor c and it will give us the frequency table of each level
(category)
We can also call unclass() function
on the factor to strip out the factor categories and show us how it is
stored underneath.
The order of the level can be set
using the levels argument to factor(). This can be important in linear
modeling because the first level is used as the baseline level (the
first level in the factor). If you didn’t assign levels explicitly, it
will be assigned alphabetically (that’s why “no” came before “yes” in
the previous example).
Missing values are denoted by NA or NaN for undefined mathematical
operations. is.na() and is.nan() are used to test objects if they are
NA or NaN, respectively. NA values have a class also, so there are
integer NA, character NA, etc. A NaN value is also NA but the converse
is not true.
A data frame is a list that contains
multiple named vectors that are the same length. A data frame is a lot
like a spreadsheet or a database table. Each vector represents a column
in the table. Unlike matrices, and much like database tables, data
frames can store different types of objects in each column. Data frames
have a special attribute called row.names which represents rows’ names,
which could be useful for annotating data. Data frames are usually
created by calling read.table() or read.csv() (which we will discuss
later when we come to reading data) or data.frame().
Here we create a data frame of two
columns foo and bar, foo is an integer sequence, bar is a vector of
TRUEs and FALSEs. nrow() returns the number of rows, ncol() returns the
number of columns. Since we didn’t specified row names, we got 1,2,3,4
automatically (they printed on the left of each row).
You can refer to columns by
name
You can retrieve a specific cell in
the data frame by specifying the column name and expression to filter
rows in this column. If you want to get the blood pressure of patient
Mike:
Data frames can be converted to a
matrix by calling data.matrix() which will cast data to make it of the
same type, below it casted TRUEs and FALSEs to 1s and 0s.
R objects can have names, which is a
very useful for writing readable code and self-describing
objects.
Lists can also have names.
also matrices can have
names
In this post we introduced R and its data types and data structures. In future posts we will get more deep into R.


When developing any medium to large-scale web application, you often get to the point where an action by a user can cause a number of different models to change on the client and the server.
You can try to keep updating both sides of a relation manually for every action, and individually call
save
or fetch
on each of the changed models to sync with the server, but that quickly turns into a tedious process and
results in multiple requests.
Using Backbone-relational, we can configure relationships between our models, and sync the model and all of its related models with a single
call to save
, getAsync
or fetch()
after setting up a model's relations
.
Backbone-relational is hosted on GitHub, and is available under the MIT license.
Thanks to Progressive Planning for allowing me the time to work on Backbone-relational!
| Latest Release (0.10.0) | ~70kb. Full source, uncompressed, lots of comments. |
| Edge Version |
Backbone-relational depends on Backbone.js (>= 1.2.1), which itself requires Underscore.js (> 1.7.0) or Lodash (>= 3) and jQuery (> 1.7.0) or Zepto.
Backbone-relational.js provides one-to-one, one-to-many and many-to-one relations
between models for Backbone. To use relations, extend Backbone.RelationalModel
(instead of a regular Backbone.Model) and define a
relations
property, containing an array of option objects.
Each relation must define (at least) the type
, key
,
and relatedModel
. Available relation types are
Backbone.HasOne
and Backbone.HasMany
.
Backbone-relational's main features include:
includeInJSONoption.
createModelsoption, which is
trueby default).
getAsyncmethod.
collectionType.
You can also bind new events to a Backbone.RelationalModel for an:
Backbone-relational depends on Backbone.js (and thus on Underscore.js). Include Backbone-relational right after Backbone and Underscore:
<script type="text/javascript" src="./js/underscore.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./js/backbone.js"></script>
<script type="text/javascript" src="./js/backbone-relational.js"></script>
Note for CoffeeScript users: due to the way the extends
keyword is implemented in
CoffeeScript, you may have to make an extra call to setup
for
your models. See the setup
documentation for details.
Note for Lodash users: you can use Lodash (version 3 or greater) instead of Underscore.
When using Backbone-relational, each model defining (or receiving) relations
must extend
Backbone.RelationalModel in order to function. Backbone.RelationalModel
introduces a couple of new methods, events and properties. It's important to know which are properties,
which are methods of an instance, and which operate on the type itself.
These three categories are detailed below.
Properties can be defined when extending Backbone.RelationalModel, or a subclass thereof.
Instance methods operate on an instance of a type.
Static methods operate on the type itself, as opposed to operating on model instances.
relation[]
A Backbone.RelationalModel may contain an array of relation definitions. Each relation supports a number of
options, of which key
and type
are mandatory.
You'll also need to specifiy relatedModel
if you want to reference another model.
A relation could look like the following:
Zoo = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
relations: [{
type: Backbone.HasMany,
key: 'animals',
relatedModel: 'Animal',
collectionType: 'AnimalCollection',
reverseRelation: {
key: 'livesIn',
includeInJSON: 'id'
// 'relatedModel' is automatically set to 'Zoo'; the 'relationType' to 'HasOne'.
}
}]
});
Animal = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
urlRoot: '/animal/'
});
AnimalCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({
model: Animal
});
// We've now created a fully managed relation. When you add or remove model from `zoo.animals`,
// or update `animal.livesIn`, the other side of the relation will automatically be updated.
var artis = new Zoo( { name: 'Artis' } );
var lion = new Animal( { species: 'Lion', livesIn: artis } );
// `animals` in `artis` now contains `lion`
alert( artis.get( 'animals' ).pluck( 'species' ) );
var amersfoort = new Zoo( { name: 'Dierenpark Amersfoort', animals: [ lion ] } );
// `lion` now livesIn `amersfoort`, and `animals` in `artis` no longer contains `lion`
alert( lion.get( 'livesIn' ).get( 'name' ) + ', ' + artis.get( 'animals' ).length );
relation.key
Required. A string that references an attribute name on relatedModel
.
relation.type
Required. A string that references a Backbone.Relation
type by name ("HasOne" or "HasMany"),
or a direct reference to a relation type.
You can model a one-to-one or a many-to-one relationship by declaring type
as the string "HasOne", or by
directly referencing Backbone.HasOne
. A HasOne relation contains a single
Backbone.RelationalModel. The default reverseRelation.type
for a "HasOne" relation is
"HasMany". This can be set to "HasOne" instead, to create a one-to-one relation.
You can model a one-to-many relationship by declaring type
as the string "HasMany", or by directly
referencing Backbone.HasMany
. A HasMany relation contains a Backbone.Collection,
containing zero or more Backbone.RelationalModels. The default reverseRelation.type
for a HasMany relation is HasOne; this is the only option here, since many-to-many is not supported directly.
It is possible to model a many-to-many relationship using two Backbone.HasMany
relations, with a link model in between:
Person = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
relations: [{
type: 'HasMany',
key: 'jobs',
relatedModel: 'Job',
reverseRelation: {
key: 'person'
}
}]
});
// A link object between 'Person' and 'Company'
Job = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
defaults: {
'startDate': null,
'endDate': null
}
});
Company = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
relations: [{
type: 'HasMany',
key: 'employees',
relatedModel: 'Job',
reverseRelation: {
key: 'company'
}
}]
});
relation.includeInJSON
A boolean, a string referencing one of the model's attributes, or an array of strings referencing model
attributes. Default: true
.
Determines how the contents of a relation will be serialized following a call to the
toJSON
method. If you specify a:
Backbone.Model.prototype.idAttributeto include ids.
Specifying true
will cascade, meaning the relations of nested model will get serialized as well,
until either a different value is found for includeInJSON
or we encounter a model that has already
been serialized.
relation.autoFetch
A boolean or an object. Default: false
.
If this property is set to true
, when a model is instantiated the related model is
automatically fetched using getAsync
. The
value of the property can also be an object. In that case the object is passed to
getAsync
as the options parameter.
Note that autoFetch
operates independently from other `fetch` operations,
including those that may have fetched the current model.
var Shop = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
relations: [
{
type: Backbone.HasMany,
key: 'customers',
relatedModel: 'Customer',
autoFetch: true
},
{
type: Backbone.HasOne,
key: 'address',
relatedModel: 'Address',
autoFetch: {
success: function( model, response ) {
//...
},
error: function( model, response ) {
//...
}
}
}
]
});
relation.collectionType
A string that can be resolved to an object type on the global scope, or a reference to a Backbone.Collection type.
Determine the type of collections used for a HasMany relation. If you define a
url(models<Backbone.Model[]>) function on the specified collection, this enables
getAsync
to fetch all missing models in one request,
instead of firing a separate request for each.
relation.collectionKey
A string or a boolean. Default: true
.
Used to create a back reference from the Backbone.Collection used for a HasMany relation to the model on
the other side of this relation. By default, the relation's key attribute will be used to create a reference to
the RelationalModel instance from the generated collection. If you set collectionKey
to a string,
it will use that string as the reference to the RelationalModel, rather than the
relation's key attribute. If you don't want this behavior at all, set collectionKey
to false
(or any falsy value) and this reference will not be created.
relation.collectionOptions
An options hash, or a function that accepts an instance of a Backbone.RelationalModel and returns an options hash.
Used to provide options for the initialization of the collection in the 'Many'-end of a HasMany relation. Can be an options hash or a function that should take the instance in the 'One'-end of the 'HasMany' relation and return an options hash.
relation.createModels
A boolean. Default: true
.
Specifies whether models will be created from nested objects or not.
relation.keySource
A string that references an attribute to deserialize data for relatedModel
from.
Used to override key when determining what data to use when (de)serializing a relation, since the data backing
your relations may use different naming conventions. For example, a Rails backend may provide the keys suffixed
with _id
or _ids
. The behavior for keySource
corresponds to the following rules:
When a relation is instantiated, the contents of the keySource
are used as its initial data. The
application uses the regular key attribute to interface with the relation and the models in it; the
keySource
is not available as an attribute for the model. So you may be provided with data containing
animal_ids
, while you want to access this relation as zoo.get('animals')
.
Note that setting keySource
will set keyDestination
to the same value, if it isn't specified itself.
This means that when saving zoo, the animals attribute will be serialized back into the animal_ids
key.
WARNING: when using a keySource, you should not use that attribute name for other purposes.
relation.keyDestination
A string that references an attribute to serialize relatedModel
into.
Used to override key (and keySource
) when determining what attribute to be
written into when serializing a relation, since the server backing your relations may use different naming
conventions. For example, a Rails backend may expect the keys to be suffixed with _attributes for nested
attributes.
When calling toJSON
on a model (either via
Backbone.Sync, or directly), the data in the key attribute is transformed and assigned to the
keyDestination
.
So you may want a relation to be serialized into the animals_attributes key, while you want to access this
relation as zoo.get( 'animals' );
.
WARNING: when using a keyDestination
, you should not use that attribute name for other purposes.
var FarmAnimal = Animal.extend();
// This `Farm` is confused, like legacy stuff can be. It wants its data back on a completely
// different key than it supplies it on. We want to use a different one in our app as well.
var Farm = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
relations: [{
type: Backbone.HasMany,
key: 'animals',
keySource: 'livestock',
keyDestination: 'pets',
relatedModel: FarmAnimal,
reverseRelation: {
key: 'farm',
includeInJSON: 'name'
}
}]
});
// Create a `Farm`; parse `species`, add to `animals`, output goes to `pets`.
var farm = new Farm( { name: 'Old MacDonald', livestock: [ { species: 'Sheep' } ] } );
farm.get( 'animals' ).add( { species: 'Cow' } );
alert( JSON.stringify( farm.toJSON(), null, 4 ) );
relation.parse
A boolean. Default: false
.
If you have a relation where the models should be parsed when data is being set, specify `parse: true`.
relation.reverseRelation
An object specifying the relation pointing back to this model from relatedModel
.
If the relation should be bidirectional, specify the details for the reverse relation here. It's only mandatory
to supply a key
; relatedModel
is automatically
set. The default type
for a reverseRelation
is HasMany for a
HasOne relation (which can be overridden to HasOne in order to create a one-to-one relation), and HasOne for a
HasMany relation. In this case, you cannot create a reverseRelation
with
type HasMany as well; please see Many-to-many relations on how to model these type of relations.
Note that if you define a relation (plus a reverseRelation) on a model, but don't actually create an instance
of that model, it is possible initializeRelations
will never get called, and the reverseRelation
will not be initialized. This can happen when extend
has been overridden, or redefined as in CoffeeScript.
See setup.
relationalModel.subModelTypes(attributes<object>, [options<object>])
An object. Default: {}
.
A mapping that defines what submodels exist for the model (the superModel) on which
subModelTypes
is defined. The keys are used to match the
subModelTypeAttribute
when deserializing, and the values
determine what type of submodel should be created for a key. When building model instances from data, we need to
determine what kind of object we're dealing with in order to create instances of the right subModel type. This
is done by finding the model for which the key is equal to the value of the
subModelTypeAttribute
attribute on the passed in data.
Each subModel is considered to be a proper submodel of its superclass (the model type you're extending), with a shared id pool. This means that when looking for an object of the supermodel's type, objects of a submodel's type can be returned as well, as long as the id matches. In effect, any relations pointing to the supermodel will look for instances of its submodels as well.
Mammal = Animal.extend({
subModelTypes: {
'primate': 'Primate',
'carnivore': 'Carnivore'
}
});
Primate = Mammal.extend();
Carnivore = Mammal.extend();
MammalCollection = AnimalCollection.extend({
model: Mammal
});
// Create a collection that contains a 'Primate' and a 'Carnivore'.
var mammals = new MammalCollection([
{ id: 3, species: 'chimp', type: 'primate' },
{ id: 5, species: 'panther', type: 'carnivore' }
]);
var chimp = mammals.get( 3 );
alert( 'chimp is an animal? ' + ( chimp instanceof Animal ) + '\n' +
'chimp is a carnivore? ' + ( chimp instanceof Carnivore ) + '\n' +
'chimp is a primate? ' + ( chimp instanceof Primate ) );
Suppose that we have an Mammal model and a Primate model extending Mammal. If we have a Primate object with id 3, this object will be returned when we have a relation pointing to a Mammal with id 3, as Primate is regarded a specific kind of Mammal; it's just a Mammal with possibly some primate-specific properties or methods.
Note that this means that there cannot be any overlap in ids between instances of Mammal and Primate, as the Primate with id 3 will be the Mammal with id 3.
relationalModel.subModelTypeAttribute
A string. Default: type
.
The subModelTypeAttribute
references an attribute on the data
used to instantiate relatedModel
. The attribute that will be checked to
determine the type of model that should be built when a raw object of attributes is set as the related value,
and if the relatedModel
has one or more submodels.
relationalModel.getAsync(attr<string>, [options<object>]
Returns: jQuery.Deferred
A jQuery promise
Get an attribute's value asynchronously. If available, the local value will be returned.
If attr
is a relation and one or more of its models are not available, they will be fetched.
This can be used specifically for lazy-loading scenarios.
Only models are referenced in the attributes but have not been found/created yet are fetched.
Setting options.refresh
to true will fetch all model(s) from the server.
In that case, any model that already exists will be updated with the retrieved data.
The options
object specifies options to be passed to Backbone.Sync.
By default, a separate request will be fired for each model that is to be fetched from the server (if `key` references a collection).
However, if your server/API supports it, you can fetch the set of models in one request by specifying a
collectionType for the relation you call getAsync on. The collectionType
should have an overridden url
method that allows it to construct a url for an array of models. See this example
or Backbone-tastypie for an example.
relationModel.getIdsToFetch(attr<string|Backbone.Relation>, [refresh<boolean>])
Returns: Array
A list of the ids that will be fetched when calling getAsync
.
relationModel.getRelation(attr<string>)
Returns: Backbone.Relation
A single initialized relation on the model.
relationModel.getRelations()
Returns: Backbone.Relation[]
The set of initialized relations on the model.
set(key<string>, value, [options<object>]) or set(attributes<object>, [options<object>])
Returns: Backbone.RelationalModel
The model instance.
The set
method is overridden so that setting a value on an "relational" attribute will update that relation.
This is especially important to keep in mind for HasMany
relations (which are backed by a Backbone.Collection
).
For these, calling set
can be thought of as being equivalent to calling update
on the collection itself,
including how the options are handled.
Additional options
for a HasMany
relation:
add
true. If true, models specified in the arguments but not yet present in the relation will be added to the relation.
merge
true. If true, existing models will be updated with the given attributes.
remove
true. If true, models present in the relation but not specified in the arguments will be removed.
relationModel.toJSON(name<string>)
Returns: Object
The JSON representation of the model.
See Backbone.Model.toJSON.
The regular toJSON
function has been overridden and modified to serialize (nested) relations
according to their includeInJSON
, keySource
,
and keyDestination
options.
relationModel.setup()
Returns: Backbone.RelationalModel.constuctor
The type.
Initialize the relations and submodels for the model type. Normally, this happens automatically, but it doesn't if
you're using CoffeeScript and using the syntax class MyModel extends Backbone.RelationalModel
instead of
the JavaScript equivalent of MyModel = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend()
.
This has advantages in CoffeeScript, but it also means that Backbone.Model.extend
will not get called.
Instead, CoffeeScript generates piece of code that would normally achieve the same. However, extend
is also
the method that Backbone-relational overrides to set up relations as you're defining your Backbone.RelationalModel
subclass.
In this case, you should call setup
manually after defining your subclass CoffeeScript-style. For example:
Note: this is a static method. It operates on the model type itself, not on an instance of it.
class Animal extends Backbone.RelationalModel
urlRoot: "/animal"
class Mammal extends Animal
subModelTypes:
"primate": "Primate"
"carnivore": "Carnivore"
relations: [
# More relations
]
Mammal.setup()
class Primate extends Mammal
class Carnivore extends Mammal
chimp = Mammal.build( { id: 3, species: "chimp", type: "primate" } )
relationalModel.build(attributes<object>, [options<object>])
Returns: Backbone.RelationalModel
A model instance.
Create an instance of a model, taking into account what submodels have been defined.
Note: this is a static method. It operates on the model type itself, not on an instance.
relationalModel.findOrCreate(attributes<string|number|object>, [options<object>])
Returns: Backbone.RelationalModel
A model instance.
Search for a model instance in the Backbone.Relational.store, and return the model if found.
A new model will be created if no model is found, attributes
is an object, and options.create
is true
.
Accepted options
:
create
true. If true, a new model will be created if an instance matching
attributesisn't found in the store.
merge
true. If true, a found model will be updated with
attributes(if
attributesis an
object).
parse
false. If true,
attributeswill be parsed first. Please note this will cause
Model.parseto be called as a function (
thiswill not point to a model), instead of as a method.
Note: this is a static method. It operates on the model type itself, not on an instance of it.
relationalModel.find(attributes<string|number|object>, [options<object>])
Returns: Backbone.RelationalModel
A model instance.
A shortcut for findOrCreate
that uses create: false
.
Accepts the same options as findOrCreate
(except for create
).
Note: this is a static method. It operates on the model type itself, not on an instance of it.
relationalModel.findModel(attributes<string|number|object>)
Returns: Backbone.RelationalModel
A model instance.
A hook to override the matching when updating (or creating) a model.
The default implementation is to look up the model by id in the store:
return Backbone.Relational.store.find( this, attributes );
Custom behavior is useful in cases where (a collection of) nested data gets saved to the server. Consider saving the following model:
var zoo = new Zoo( { id: 1, name: 'Artis', animals: [
{ species: 'Giraffe' },
{ species: 'Camel' }
] } );
alert( JSON.stringify( zoo.toJSON(), null, 4 ) );
Normally, whatever you use as server-side logic will respond by creating two animals, and assigning them
an id. The response will be used by Backbone-relational to update existing models.
However, updating a model starts by looking up the local model with the same id; and in this case,
Backbone-relational does not know which local models corresponds to which created animal with an id.
A simple fix in this case would be to add a fallback option for the matching by using the animal's
species. Do note you'd want to use a more robust method usually, such as using a new model's cid
.
Zoo.findModel = function( attributes ) {
// Try to find an instance of 'this' model type in the store
var model = Backbone.Relational.store.find( this, attributes );
if ( !model && _.isObject( attributes ) ) {
var coll = Backbone.Relational.store.getCollection( this );
model = coll.find( function( m ) {
return m.species === attributes.species;
});
}
return model;
};
Note: this is a static method. It operates on the model type itself, not on an instance of it.
Backbone-relational makes a couple of additional events available to you, on top of the events already found in Backbone.
add:<key>→
function(addedModel<Backbone.Model>, related<Backbone.Collection>)
remove:<key>→
function(removedModel<Backbone.Model>, related<Backbone.Collection>)
change:<key>→
function(model<Backbone.Model>, related<Backbone.Model|Backbone.Collection>)
Each relation definition on a model is used to create in instance of a Backbone.Relation
; either
a Backbone.HasOne
or a Backbone.HasMany
.
Defines a HasOne relation. When defining a reverseRelation, the default type will be HasMany. However, this can also be set to HasOne to define a one-to-one relation.
Defines a HasMany relation. When defining a reverseRelation, the type will be HasOne.
Backbone.Store is a global model cache. Per application, one instance is created (much like Backbone.History
),
which is accessible as Backbone.Relational.store
.
Backbone.Relational.store.addModelScope(scope<object>)
Add a namespace on which models and collections are defined. This is especially useful when working in an
environment without a shared global scope (like window
is in a browser), where you'll need to tell
the store
where your models are defined, so it can resolve them to create and maintain relations.
Backbone.Relational.store.removeModelScope()
Remove a scope. This allows you to remove a scope you added previously, or to remove the default 'global'
scope (window
in the browser) scope to prevent Backbone-relational from resolving objects on it.
Backbone.Relational.store.reset()
Reset the store
to its original state. This will disable relations for all models created up to this point,
remove added model scopes, and removed all internal store collections.
Backbone.Relational.store.unregister(type<Backbone.RelationalModel|Backbone.RelationalModel.constructor|Backbone.Collection>)
Unregister a single model or a collection. Unregistering a model will remove a model from any relations it's involved in. Internally, unregister is called when a model has been destroyed. It can also be called explicitly to on models you don't want Backbone-relational to consider for relations anymore, for example to free up models used as (temporary) search results.
A tutorial by antoviaque, and the accompanying git repository.
A basic working example to get you started:
var paul = new Person({
id: 'person-1',
name: 'Paul',
user: { id: 'user-1', login: 'dude', email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>}
});
// A User object is automatically created from the JSON; so 'login' returns 'dude'.
paul.get('user').get('login');
var ourHouse = new House({
id: 'house-1',
location: 'in the middle of the street',
occupants: ['person-1', 'person-2', 'person-5']
});
// 'ourHouse.occupants' is turned into a Backbone.Collection of Persons.
// The first person in 'ourHouse.occupants' will point to 'paul'.
ourHouse.get('occupants').at(0); // === paul
// If a collection is created from a HasMany relation, it contains a reference
// back to the originator of the relation
ourHouse.get('occupants').livesIn; // === ourHouse
// The `occupants` relation on 'House' has been defined as a HasMany, with a reverse relation
// to `livesIn` on 'Person'. So, 'paul.livesIn' will automatically point back to 'ourHouse'.
paul.get('livesIn'); // === ourHouse
// You can control which relations get serialized to JSON, using the 'includeInJSON'
// property on a Relation. Also, each object will only get serialized once to prevent loops.
alert( JSON.stringify( paul.get('user').toJSON(), null, '\t' ) );
// Load occupants 'person-2' and 'person-5', which don't exist yet, from the server
ourHouse.getAsync( 'occupants' );
// Use the `add` and `remove` events to listen for additions/removals on a HasMany relation.
// Here, we listen for changes to `ourHouse.occupants`.
ourHouse
.on( 'add:occupants', function( model, coll ) {
console.log( 'add %o', model );
// Do something. Create a View?
})
.on( 'remove:occupants', function( model, coll ) {
console.log( 'remove %o', model );
// Do somehting. Destroy a View?
});
// Use the 'update' event to listen for changes on a HasOne relation (like 'Person.livesIn').
paul.on( 'change:livesIn', function( model, attr ) {
console.log( 'change `livesIn` to %o', attr );
});
// Modifying either side of a bi-directional relation updates the other side automatically.
// Take `paul` out or `ourHouse`; this triggers `remove:occupants` on `ourHouse`,
// and `change:livesIn` on `paul`
ourHouse.get( 'occupants' ).remove( paul );
alert( 'paul.livesIn=' + paul.get( 'livesIn' ) );
// Move into `theirHouse`; triggers 'add:occupants' on ourHouse, and 'change:livesIn' on paul
theirHouse = new House( { id: 'house-2' } );
paul.set( { 'livesIn': theirHouse } );
alert( 'theirHouse.occupants=' + theirHouse.get( 'occupants' ).pluck( 'name' ) );
This is achieved using the following relations and models:
House = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
// The 'relations' property, on the House's prototype. Initialized separately for each
// instance of House. Each relation must define (as a minimum) the 'type', 'key' and
// 'relatedModel'. Options include 'includeInJSON', 'createModels' and 'reverseRelation'.
relations: [
{
type: Backbone.HasMany, // Use the type, or the string 'HasOne' or 'HasMany'.
key: 'occupants',
relatedModel: 'Person',
includeInJSON: Backbone.Model.prototype.idAttribute,
collectionType: 'PersonCollection',
reverseRelation: {
key: 'livesIn'
}
}
]
});
Person = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend({
relations: [
{ // Create a (recursive) one-to-one relationship
type: Backbone.HasOne,
key: 'user',
relatedModel: 'User',
reverseRelation: {
type: Backbone.HasOne,
key: 'person'
}
}
],
initialize: function() {
// do whatever you want :)
}
});
PersonCollection = Backbone.Collection.extend({
url: function( models ) {
// Logic to create a url for the whole collection, or a set of models.
// See the tests, or Backbone-tastypie, for an example.
return '/person/' + ( models ? 'set/' + _.pluck( models, 'id' ).join(';') + '/' : '' );
}
});
User = Backbone.RelationalModel.extend();
84fae6cFix ordering problems in relations
0731ff3Backbone 1.2.1 compatible (add
_removeModelsoverride)
42b158dAdd
getIdsToFetchto
Backbone.RelationalModel.
b7e7123
getAsync(the successor of
fetchRelated) now return a single promise, instead of an array of request objects.
#467: Improve lazy loading implemenatation. Add
getAsyncto
Backbone.RelationalModel, which always return a single promise that resolves with the attribute's content, and remove
fetchRelated.
#411: Don't add models without an id to the store.
#419: Proper return values for single models on collection methods for Backbone 1.1.0
4113c69`Backbone.Relational.store.unregister` now also accepts a collection or a model type
#427: Fix firing explicit change events
#215Add direct support for AMD, CommonJS, require, etc.
8371089: Change return types for
Collectionmethods to match Backbone 1.1.0
#376: Include ids of unregistered models (not fetched or otherwise) in
toJSON
8371089: Add
findModel.
#322: Remove
keySourceafter a
setas well.
#345: Add
find, a shortcut to
findOrCreatewith
create: false
#345: Add lodash compatibility (doesn't have an explicit
findWhere).
#349: Event ordering: maintain the originally intended order when process gets called more than once.
#362: Add support for deep
subModelTypehierarchies.
#380: Fix
popon an empty collection.
#370:
relationscan now be a property or a function.
7f1dc51:
relatedModeland
collectionTypecan now be defined as a function as well.
#191: if
includeInJSONis equal to the model's
idAttribute, "missing" models will be included in the JSON to avoid data loss.
#201: add
Backbone.Store.removeModelScopemethod
#273: improve merging of relations between super/subModels.
#295: check (and error on) duplicate ids when explicitly setting the
idAttribute.
#320: use
merge: trueby default on
Collection.reset.
HasMany.onChangeto eliminate unnecessary events.
add,
mergeand
removeoptions on
Collection.addwhen working with RelationalModels. This also works when using
setto change the key on nested relations.
updateoption on
findOrCreatehas been renamed to
merge, since its behavior corresponds with
mergeon
Collection.add(and not with
updateon
Collection.reset).
update:<key>event has been removed, in favor of handling everything using "standard"
change:<key>events.
findOrCreatenow takes a
parseoption, analogous to the Backbone.Model constructor. It defaults to
false.
parseoption to relations.
autoFetchproperty for relations.
updateoption to
findOrCreate.
#180: no longer allow multiple instances of RelationalModels with the same type, and the same
id.
#60:
keySourceoption added to relations.
keyDestinationoption added to relations.
collectionOptionsoption added to relations.
Backbone.Store.addModelScope.
Collection.add.
collectionKeyoptions added to relations.
set(with separate key, value arguments).
update<key>event added
Backbone.Collection._addand
Backbone.Collection._removeso relations update properly.
changeand
change<key>events, so they won't fire before relations are updated.
Backbone.RelationalModel.updateRelationsmethod.
The original version of Backbone-relational! This already contained much of the basics: HasOne
and HasMany
relations (including reverseRelation
), Backbone.RelationalModel
and Backbone.Store
.
Each Backbone.RelationalModel registers itself with Backbone.Relational.Store
upon creation, and is removed from the store
when destroyed. When creating or updating an
attribute that is a key in a relation, removed related objects are notified of their
removal, and new related objects are looked up in the Store.
Backbone-relational only allows the existence of one model instance for each model type id
.
This check is there to enforce there will only be one version of a model with a certain id at any given time
(which is also the reason for the existence of Backbone.Relational.Store). This is necessary to enforce
consistency and integrity of relations.
If multiple versions were allowed, inadvertently manipulating or performing a save or destroy on another version of that model (which is still around on the client, and can for example still be bound to one or more views in your application, either on purpose or inadvertently) would save its state to the server, killing its relations, and the server response would set the same (incorrect) data on the 'current' version of the model on the client. By then, you'd be in trouble.
Therefore, Backbone-relational simply does not allow this situation to occur. This is much safer than
putting the burden on the developer to always make sure every older version of a model is completely
decoupled from every other part of your application.
It might be annoying to get an error every now and then, and sometimes inconvenient to have to use the
factory method findOrCreate
, but it's much better than subtle bugs that can lead to major data loss
later on in the life cycle of your application.
Most of Backbone's default events are queued by Backbone-relational. This can complicate debugging since it 'breaks' the call stack, but is a necessary part of the abstraction offered by it.
The event queuing kicks in every time (nested) relations need to be updated as the result of calling a
Backbone method that modifies a model's attributes: on creation, and on set
, unset
, and clear
.
The basic problem is that when manipulating relations, you only want the events to fire once ALL relations
have been updated; also those on models one, two, or more relations away. For example, when you have an
event listener on add
, you want to be able to use the model you receive as the first argument
and its relations fully instead of getting raw JS objects:
var p = new Person( { id: 'p1', name: 'Larry Page' } );
p.on( 'add:jobs', function( job ) {
// Here, you want the correct person and company to be set on job, instead of plain js.
alert( job.get( 'person' ).get( 'name' ) + ' @ ' + job.get( 'company' ).get( 'name' ) );
});
p.get( 'jobs' ).add( { company: { name: 'Google' }, person: p.id } );
To achieve this, Backbone's events are prevented from firing immediately when add
is called, but are delayed until the all (nested) relations have reached a stable state again. Events are
then fired at the first available opportunity; as soon as the last model updating its relations unblocks
the Backbone.Relational.eventQueue
.


This is a test page that references a stylesheet using a standard link[rel=stylesheet] with a print media type, which is swapped to all media when loaded.
.
That markup looks like this:
<link rel="stylesheet" href="slow.css" media="print" onload="this.media='all'">
Note: When run locally, the CSS file has a 5 second delay built into its server response time. If it is loaded in a non-blocking manner as desired, you should be able to read this text before the page is styled as white text on green background.


Groups
Upstairs
All
Office
Bedroom
Living Room
All
Lights
Off
Red
Orange
Green
Blue
Energize
Concentrate
Relax
Reading
Candle Light
Snow
White
Virgin America
Deep Sea
Movie Mode


--- title: purrrplus description: "An R package that expands the functionality of purrr." author: '' date: '2018-06-10' slug: purrrplus tags: - R - Tidyverse - Packages comments: no showcomments: yes showpagemeta: yes ---
In my work, I often need to run a function in R many times (for example in running a simulation). If any of these runs throw an error, all progress is lost. The tidyverse package purrrr provides functionality like safely which helps but makes subsequent analysis tricky. As a remedy, I wrote the package purrrplus which allows for running a function safely with easy analysis of errors and results.
library(purrrplus)
library(tidyverse) # most useful with the tidyverse
Imagine you have a function (which returns a named list or a named vector and might throw an error):
calculate_if_positive <- function(a, b){
if(a < 0 & b < 0) {stop("Both numbers are negative.")}
else if(a < 0) {stop("Just the first number is negative")}
else if(b < 0) {stop("Just the second number is negative")}
list(add = a + b,
subtract = a - b,
multiply = a * b,
divide = a / b)
}
And you want to apply this function to each row of a data frame (which might contain irrelevant variables):
(numbers <- data_frame(a = c(-1, 0, 1, 2),
b = c(2, 1, 0, -1),
irrelevant = c("minneapolis", "st_paul", "minneapolis", "st_paul")))
## Warning: `data_frame()` was deprecated in tibble 1.1.0.
## Please use `tibble()` instead.
## # A tibble: 4 x 3
## a b irrelevant
## <dbl> <dbl> <chr>
## 1 -1 2 minneapolis
## 2 0 1 st_paul
## 3 1 0 minneapolis
## 4 2 -1 st_paul
pmap_safely adds an error and a result column (which come from applying the function) to the inputted data frame.
(output <- pmap_safely(numbers, calculate_if_positive))
## Note that the function does not use the following variables: irrelevant
## # A tibble: 4 x 5
## a b irrelevant error result
## <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <chr> <list>
## 1 -1 2 minneapolis Just the first number is negative <NULL>
## 2 0 1 st_paul <NA> <named list [4]>
## 3 1 0 minneapolis <NA> <named list [4]>
## 4 2 -1 st_paul Just the second number is negative <NULL>
get_errors allows for quick analysis of errors:
get_errors(output)
## # A tibble: 10 x 5
## variable value n_errors count error_rate
## <chr> <chr> <int> <int> <dbl>
## 1 a -1 1 1 1
## 2 a 2 1 1 1
## 3 a 0 0 1 0
## 4 a 1 0 1 0
## 5 b -1 1 1 1
## 6 b 2 1 1 1
## 7 b 0 0 1 0
## 8 b 1 0 1 0
## 9 irrelevant minneapolis 1 2 0.5
## 10 irrelevant st_paul 1 2 0.5
get_results filters out rows with errors and unnests results such that each item in the list that the function returns has its own column:
get_results(output)
## Removed 2 errors out of 4 rows.
## # A tibble: 2 x 7
## a b irrelevant add_result subtract_result multiply_result
## <dbl> <dbl> <chr> <dbl> <dbl> <dbl>
## 1 0 1 st_paul 1 -1 0
## 2 1 0 minneapolis 1 1 0
## # … with 1 more variable: divide_result <dbl>


VICTON show off their style in their everyday clothes version of 'Nostalgic Night' dance practice
by jennywillVICTON has dropped an everyday clothes version of "Nostalgic Night".
The boys are back for the first time as a 6-member group without leader Seungwoo. The song is the boys' first comeback in a year and a half, and they've dropped a special dance practice version. VICTON members are wearing their own clothes for the dance practice, so fans can see what their everyday fashion is like.
Check it out above.


Qantas celebrates 100 years of flying
by The New DailyAustralia’s oldest airline starts its 100th year in the skies on Saturday, topping off what has been a ground-breaking week for Qantas.
On Friday, the airline landed its first London to Sydney non-stop flight, the second test flight in its Project Sunrise plan – the first being a non-stop flight from New York to Sydney last month.
As the Boeing 787 Dreamliner hit the tarmac, Qantas unveiled some of its plans for the next 12 months, in the lead-up to hitting the big 100.
First up, the new Dreamliner has been adorned with all the Qantas logos since 1920.
Named Longreach after the Queensland town that’s part of Qantas’ beginnings, the 787 centenary craft will be seen at airports across the globe, including Los Angeles, New York, San Francisco and London.
Qantas chairman Richard Goyder said the flying kangaroo was an Australian icon, because it’s been such a constant presence.
“We started in outback Queensland carrying mail and a few passengers in the 1920s. We grew as Australia grew, and we’ve had important support roles during wars, national disasters and celebrations,” Mr Goyder said in a statement.
“Our founders talked about overcoming the tyranny of distance and through the years we’ve moved from bi-planes, to single wing, to jets to help bring things closer.”
- Related story: Qantas’ remarkable 10-year turnaround
Chief executive officer Alan Joyce mused it would be interesting for the airline’s founders to see just how far their dream had come, nearly 100 years on.
“… Qantas and Jetstar carry more than 50 million people around this country and the globe each year,” Mr Joyce said.
“I’m sure that would amaze our three founders, who held the early board meetings of this company at the local tailor’s shop because it was the longest table they could find.”
The Royal Australian Mint has also joined the party, releasing five million specially branded $1 coins, which will go into circulation.
For the die-hard fans, there’s also special Qantas merch: mugs, hats, and posters.
Details of a touring Qantas centenary exhibition will also be released soon.


1.0.0
This method is responsible for searching a specific user based on his credencials and delete from the data base. Creation Date: 08/10/2020
Brenda Bermello<EMAIL_ADDRESS>This method is responsible for add an user in the database. Creation Date: 08/17/2020
Karla Burgos Gayrey<EMAIL_ADDRESS>This method is responsible for set an user' information in the database. Creation Date: 08/19/2020
This method is responsible for searching a specific user based on his credencials. Creation Date: 08/10/2020
JSON with the data obtained from the query.
This method is responsible for searching all user in the system. Creation Date: 08/14/2020
Generated using TypeDoc
1.0.0
This method is responsible for searching a specific user based on his credencials and delete from the data base.
Creation Date: 08/10/2020
Brenda Bermello bremiber@espol.edu.ec


Help Index
- Editing Basics
- Changing text
- Changing indentation
- Deleting text
- Repeating the last change
- The ex command line
- Ex commands
- Ex command ranges
- Using the file explorer
- Settings for indentation
- Inserting text
- The jumplist
- Searching within a line
- Moving by characters
- Moving by lines
- Moving by symbols
- Moving by words
- Movement commands
- Opening lines
- Operator commands
- Working with remote files
- Scrolling the screen
- Searching
- Working with split views
- Creating a key for SFTP
- The symbol list
- Terminal usage
- Visual mode


Test: SUIT utilities - display
This
span
should be
block
This
span
should be
inline-block
This
div
should be
inline
This
div
should be
table-cell
within
table
This
div
should be
table-cell
within
table


The Logic class provides game logic convenience functions.
Different functions are all referenced by string labels; these labels are shared across functions.
Primarily covered in blog posts:
http://www.friendsonmountains.com/blog/2018/07/11/lets-make-honey-version-0-05-basic-controls
◆ instance()
| Logic & Honey::Logic::instance |
( |
| ) |
|
|
static |
Singleton instance getter.
- Returns
- This'll get you the one instance of Logic you're supposed to have.
◆ remove()
| void Honey::Logic::remove |
( |
string |
label | ) |
|
Remove a label from this system.
- Parameters
-
◆ check()
| bool Honey::Logic::check |
( |
string |
label | ) |
|
Check if a label exists.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- true if and only if the label exists in this system.
◆ markTime()
| void Honey::Logic::markTime |
( |
string |
label | ) |
|
Mark the current time for this label.
- Parameters
-
◆ markDuration()
| void Honey::Logic::markDuration |
( |
string |
label, |
|
|
float |
seconds |
|
) |
| |
Store a duration time in seconds for this label.
- Parameters
-
| label | Name of the label. |
| seconds | Intended duration in seconds. |
◆ timeSince()
| float Honey::Logic::timeSince |
( |
string |
label | ) |
|
Get the time in seconds since this label was marked.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- the time since this label was last marked.
◆ duration()
| float Honey::Logic::duration |
( |
string |
label | ) |
|
Get the intended duration in seconds of this label.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- duration of the label.
◆ makeTimeLock()
| void Honey::Logic::makeTimeLock |
( |
string |
label, |
|
|
float |
seconds |
|
) |
| |
Lock this label for this many seconds. Calls to isTimeLocked will now return true.
- Parameters
-
| label | Name of the label. |
| seconds | the duration of the lock. |
◆ isTimeLocked()
| bool Honey::Logic::isTimeLocked |
( |
string |
label | ) |
|
Check whether a label has been time locked.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- true if and only if the label has been locked using makeTimeLock, less than a certain number of seconds ago.
◆ makeTransientCounter()
| void Honey::Logic::makeTransientCounter |
( |
string |
label, |
|
|
float |
seconds |
|
) |
| |
Make an integer counter for this label that lasts for this many seconds.
- Parameters
-
| label | Name of the label. |
| seconds | the duration of the counter. |
◆ incrementTransientCounter()
| void Honey::Logic::incrementTransientCounter |
( |
string |
label, |
|
|
int |
value |
|
) |
| |
If this label still has a counter associated with it, increment that counter.
- Parameters
-
| label | Name of the label. |
| value | How much to add to the counter. |
◆ transientCounterValue()
| int Honey::Logic::transientCounterValue |
( |
string |
label | ) |
|
Get the value of a transient counter, or 0 if it's expired or invalid.
- Parameters
-
- Returns
- the value of the counter.
◆ randomInt()
| int Honey::Logic::randomInt |
( |
int |
low, |
|
|
int |
high |
|
) |
| |
Get a random integer between low and high (inclusive, eg 3,5 will return any of 3, 4, and 5).
- Parameters
-
| low | lowest value. |
| high | highest value. |
- Returns
- a random number between the lowest and highest values.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following files:
- /Users/matthewcarlin/Projects/2018 - Honey/Engine/Source/logic.h
- /Users/matthewcarlin/Projects/2018 - Honey/Engine/Source/logic.cpp


Compact and light-weight, easy for installation
The high efficiency condensing combination boiler is available in 24kW and 28kW outputs and is fitted with a 24 hour easy-to-use analogue timer. Delivered with a2 year manufacturer’s parts and labour warranty, it meets currentPart L Building Regulations 2010. Our lightweight easy-to-install boiler is an excellent choice for those requiring ano-nonsense, value for money combi solution.
- Factory fitted analogue timer
- Large surface area composite heat exchanger to maximise heat transfer
- User friendly controls – digital diagnostic display
- Low energy pump fitted as standard
- In-built frost protection
- DHW flow rate: 9.4l/m at ΔT35°C (24kW)
- DHW flow rate: 11.4 l/m at ΔT35°C (28kW)
- 2year parts and labour warranty
- SEDBUK 2009 rating of 90% (24kW) and 88.5% (28kW)
- Equivalent of SEDBUK 2005 A rating
- Group Quality approved components.


My name is Harshit
IM A Interface & Interaction Designer
"My parents
have no idea,
what im doing"
“Design is not just what it looks like and feels like.
Design is how it works.”
Steve Jobs,
Apple Inc. co-founder, chairman and CEO.


ShopOnline
Logout
Manage Deliveries
Manage Products
Welcome,
Delivery Status Update
Dispatched
Shipping
Out for Delivery
Delivered
Order Cancelled
Update


Calculates exact hypothesis tests to compare a treatment and a reference group with respect to multiple binary endpoints. The tested null hypothesis is an identical multidimensional distribution of successes and failures in both groups. The alternative hypothesis is a larger success proportion in the treatment group in at least one endpoint. The tests are based on the multivariate permutation distribution of subjects between the two groups. For this permutation distribution, rejection regions are calculated that satisfy one of different possible optimization criteria. In particular, regions with maximal exhaustion of the nominal significance level, maximal power under a specified alternative or maximal number of elements can be found. Optimization is achieved by a branch-and-bound algorithm. By application of the closed testing principle, the global hypothesis tests are extended to multiple testing procedures.
| Version: | 1.1 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.0.0) |
| Imports: | stats |
| Published: | 2018-02-23 |
| Author: | Robin Ristl [aut, cre] |
| Maintainer: | Robin Ristl <robin.ristl at meduniwien.ac.at> |
| License: | GPL-3 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Citation: | multfisher citation info |
| CRAN checks: | multfisher results |
| Reference manual: | multfisher.pdf |
| Package source: | multfisher_1.1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: multfisher_1.1.zip, r-release: multfisher_1.1.zip, r-oldrel: multfisher_1.1.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: multfisher_1.1.tgz, r-oldrel: multfisher_1.1.tgz |
| Old sources: | multfisher archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=multfisher to link to this page.


Celtic honour traditions of Brother Walfrid as they unveil charity shirt change
Celtic have partnered with their sponsors to highlight a great cause close to the club's heart.
by Jonathan McFarlaneCeltic have announced their famous Hoops will be adorned by the sponsorship of their Foundation's Christmas Appeal for Saturday's match with Motherwell.
The club praised the "incredible support and generosity" of sponsors Dafabet and Magners in allowing the move to help promote a great cause.
The unique shirts will feature the Christmas Appeal logo on the front and side before a selection are signed and auctioned for charity via the club's eBay account. All proceeds from the sale will then go to the charity.
As well as the Premiership worn match shirts, Neil Lennon 's men's warm-up gear will also be similarly branded.
Celtic describe the charity as a away to honour the philanthropy that marked the club's inception.
Their website stated: "Through our Christmas Appeal, we aim to honour the founding principles set out when the club was formed in 1887, by continuing to help those in our community, who are most in need.
Celtic FC Foundation Chief Executive Tony Hamilton was delighted with the support provided by the clubs sponsors in allowing them to honour their traditions.
He said: “We would like to offer our great thanks to club sponsors Dafabet and Magners, for this wonderful gesture.
“Both organisations are always hugely supportive of our aims and objectives and allowing us to feature our logo on the shirts this Sunday, not only offers a tremendous opportunity to promote our 2019 Christmas Appeal but also to raise some invaluable funds.”


🕻
+45 23456789
✉
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>123$ CHECKOUT
HOME
MEN
WOMEN
KIDS
SALE
ABOUT US
SUPPORT
Name
Email
News Type
{{item}}
Your name is {{model.contactname}}
Your email is {{model.contactemail}}
Submit Request
Thank you, {{model.contactname}}! You have been submitted!


The Mystery of Cloomber
by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
Chapter IV: “Of a Young Man With a Grey Head”
Additional Information
- Year Published: 1889
- Language: English
- Country of Origin: England
- Source: Doyle, A. C. (1889). The Mystery of Cloomber.London, England: Ward and Downey.
-
Readability:
- Flesch–Kincaid Level: 9.5
- Word Count: 1,931
- Genre: Mystery
- Keywords: 19th century literature, british literature, mystery, sir arthur conan doyle, the mystery of cloomber
- ✎ Cite This
Downloads
If I had any personal soreness on account of this family snub, it was a very passing emotion, and one which was soon effaced from my mind.
It chanced that on the very next day after the episode I had occasion to pass that way, and stopped to have another look at the obnoxious placard. I was standing staring at it and wondering what could have induced our neighbours to take such an outrageous step, when I became suddenly aware of a sweet, girlish face which peeped out at me from between the bars of the gate, and of a white hand which eagerly beckoned me to approach. As I advanced to her I saw that it was the same young lady whom I had seen in the carriage.
“Mr. West,” she said, in a quick whisper, glancing from side to side as she spoke in a nervous, hasty manner, “I wish to apologize to you for the indignity to which you and your family were subjected yesterday. My brother was in the avenue and saw it all, but he is powerless to interfere. I assure you, Mr. West, that if that hateful thing,” pointing up at the placard, “has given you any annoyance, it has given my brother and myself far more.”
“Why, Miss Heatherstone,” said I, putting the matter off with a laugh, “Britain is a free country, and if a man chooses to warn off visitors from his premises there is no reason why he should not.”
“It is nothing less than brutal,” she broke out, with a petulant stamp of the foot. “To think that your sister, too, should have such a unprovoked insult offered to her! I am ready to sink with shame at the very thought.”
“Pray do not give yourself one moment’s uneasiness upon the subject,” said I earnestly, for I was grieved at her evident distress. “I am sure that your father has some reason to us for taking this step.”
“Heaven knows he has!” she answered, with ineffable sadness in her voice, “and yet I think it would be more manly to face a danger than to fly from it. However, he knows best, and it is impossible for us to judge. But who is this?” she exclaimed, anxiously, peering up the dark avenue. “Oh, it is my brother Mordaunt. Mordaunt,” she said, as the young man approached us. “I have been apologizing to Mr. West for what happened yesterday, in your name as well as my own.”
“I am very, very glad to have the opportunity of doing it in person,” said he courteously. “I only wish that I could see your sister and your father as well as yourself, to tell them how sorry I am. I think you had better run up to the house, little one, for it’s getting near tiffin-time. No—don’t you go Mr. West. I want to have a word with you.”
Miss Heatherstone waved her hand to me with a bright smile, and tripped up the avenue, while her brother unbolted the gate, and, passing through, closed it again, locking it upon the outside.
“I’ll have a stroll down the road with you, if you have no objection. Have a manilla.” He drew a couple of cheroots from his pocket and handed one to me. “You’ll find they are not bad,” he said. “I became a connoisseur in tobacco when I was in India. I hope I am not interfering with your business in coming along with you?”
“Not at all,” I answered “I am very glad to have your company.”
“I’ll tell you a secret,” said my companion. “This is the first time that I have been outside the grounds since we have been down here.”
“And your sister?”
“She has never been out, either,” he answered. “I have given the governor the slip to-day, but he wouldn’t half like it if he knew. It’s a whim of his that we should keep ourselves entirely to ourselves. At least, some people would call it a whim, for my own part I have reason to believe that he has solid grounds for all that he does—though perhaps in this matter he may be a little too exacting.”
portrait of Sir Arthur Conan Doyle
“You must surely find it very lonely,” said I. “Couldn’t you manage to slip down at times and have a smoke with me? That house over yonder is Branksome.”
“Indeed, you are very kind,” he answered, with sparkling eyes. “I should dearly like to run over now and again. With the exception of Israel Stakes, our old coachman and gardener, I have not a soul that I can speak to.”
“And your sister—she must feel it even more,” said I, thinking in my heart that my new acquaintance made rather too much of his own troubles and too little of those of his companion.
“Yes; poor Gabriel feels it, no doubt,” he answered carelessly, “but it’s a more unnatural thing for a young man of my age to be cooped up in this way than for a woman. Look at me, now. I am three-and-twenty next March, and yet I have never been to a university, nor to a school for that matter. I am as complete an ignoramus as any of these clodhoppers. It seems strange to you, no doubt, and yet it is so. Now, don’t you think I deserve a better fate?”
He stopped as he spoke, and faced round to me, throwing his palms forward in appeal.
As I looked at him, with the sun shining upon his face, he certainly did seem a strange bird to be cooped up in such a cage. Tall and muscular, with a keen, dark face, and sharp, finely cut features, he might have stepped out of a canvas of Murillo or Velasquez. There were latent energy and power in his firm-set mouth, his square eyebrows, and the whole pose of his elastic, well-knit figure.
“There is the learning to be got from books and the learning to be got from experience,” said I sententiously. “If you have less of your share of the one, perhaps you have more of the other. I cannot believe you have spent all your life in mere idleness and pleasure.”
“Pleasure!” he cried. “Pleasure! Look at this!” He pulled off his hat, and I saw that his black hair was all decked and dashed with streaks of grey. “Do you imagine that this came from pleasure?” he asked, with a bitter laugh.
“You must have had some great shock,” I said, astonished at the sight, “some terrible illness in your youth. Or perhaps it arises from a more chronic cause—a constant gnawing anxiety. I have known men as young as you whose hair was as grey.”
“Poor brutes!” he muttered. “I pity them.”
“If you can manage to slip down to Branksome at times,” I said, “perhaps you could bring Miss Heatherstone with you. I know that my father and my sister would be delighted to see her, and a change, if only for an hour or two, might do her good.”
“It would be rather hard for us both to get away together,” he answered, “However, if I see a chance I shall bring her down. It might be managed some afternoon perhaps, for the old man indulges in a siesta occasionally.”
We had reached the head of the winding lane which branches off from the high road and leads to the laird’s house, so my companion pulled up.
“I must go back,” he said abruptly, “or they will miss me. It’s very kind of you, West, to take this interest in us. I am very grateful to you, and so will Gabriel be when she hears of your kind invitation. It’s a real heaping of coals of fire after that infernal placard of my father’s.”
He shook my hand and set off down the road, but he came running after me presently, calling me to stop.
“I was just thinking,” he said, “that you must consider us a great mystery up there at Cloomber. I dare say you have come to look upon it as a private lunatic asylum, and I can’t blame you. If you are interested in the matter, I feel it is unfriendly upon my part not to satisfy your curiosity, but I have promised my father to be silent about it. And indeed if I were to tell you all that I know you might not be very much the wiser after all. I would have you understand this, however—that my father is as sane as you or I, and that he has very good reasons for living the life which he does. I may add that his wish to remain secluded does not arise from any unworthy or dishonourable motives, but merely from the instinct of self-preservation.”
“He is in danger, then?” I ejaculated.
“Yes; he is in constant danger.”
“But why does he not apply to the magistrates for protection?” I asked. “If he is afraid of any one, he has only to name him and they will bind him over to keep the peace.”
“My dear West,” said young Heatherstone, “the danger with which my father is threatened is one that cannot be averted by any human intervention. It is none the less very real, and possibly very imminent.”
“You don’t mean to assert that it is supernatural,” I said incredulously.
“Well, hardly that, either,” he answered with hesitation. “There,” he continued, “I have said rather more than I should, “but I know that you will not abuse my confidence. Good-bye!”
He took to his heels and was soon out of sight round a curve in the country road.
A danger which was real and imminent, not to be averted by human means, and yet hardly supernatural—here was a conundrum indeed!
I had come to look upon the inhabitants of the Hall as mere eccentrics, but after what young Mordaunt Heatherstone had just told me, I could no longer doubt that some dark and sinister meaning underlay all their actions. The more I pondered over the problem, the more unanswerable did it appear, and yet I could not get the matter out of my thoughts.
The lonely, isolated Hall, and the strange, impending catastrophe which hung over its inmates, appealed forcibly to my imagination. All that evening, and late into the night, I sat moodily by the fire, pondering over what I had heard, and revolving in my mind the various incidents which might furnish me with some clue to the mystery.


by Dylan Van Assche
gtfsrt2lc
).
JSON is one of the lightest
data formats on the Web.
Readable by humans
and machines.
HTTP & JSON
HTTP caching is
used everywhere.
Supported by
every Web client.
gtfsrt2lc
librarygtfsrt2lc
4x less
mean CPU usage
Efficiently rerouting
RT resource
saves bandwidth
Faster informed
Efficiently recalculating
RT resource
saves bandwidth
Faster informed


-
UPDATE: The JOBS Act Passes The Senate
angel.co
A week ago, the JOBS Act was in trouble. Yesterday, it was passed 73-26 by the Senate! Our 5000 signs made a difference
-
The Innovator's Solution
itunes.apple.com
Read a sample or download The Innovator's Solution by Clayton M. Christensen & Michael E. Raynor with iBooks.
-
Learnist: Experts Curate Lessons to Share Their Knowledge
itunes.apple.com
Get Learnist: Experts Curate Lessons to Share Their Knowledge on the App Store. See screenshots and ratings, and read customer reviews.
-
How AngelList Hacked Its $24M Round | TechCrunch
techcrunch.com
AngelList, the mailing list that turned into one of the Valley's most powerful fundraising channels for early-stage startups, just picked up $24 ...
-
Inside a Job-Training Program That's Just Hellacious Enough to Get Results
www.businessweek.com
Pendaran's program makes trainees work at a calamitous, pretend factory and try to accomplish tasks—while actors try to make life horrible
-
Fireside Chat w/ co-founder of AngelList and Venture Hacks, Babak Nivi - ...
www.eventbrite.com
This month's Startups Uncensored will be a fireside chat with AngelList and Venture Hacks co-founder Babak Nivi hosted by Docstoc CEO, Jason Nazar. ...
-
Google Personal Growth Series: Mindsight: The New Science of
www.youtube.com
Google Tech Talks April 22, 2009 ABSTRACT This interactive talk will examine two major questions: What is the mind? and How can we create a healthy ...
-
Chade-Meng Tan: "Search Inside Yourself", Authors at Google
www.youtube.com
In designing Search Inside Yourself, a popular course at Google, early Google engineer and personal growth pioneer Chade-Meng Tan (Meng) has ...
-
AngelList Gives Smaller Investors A Piece Of The Action With Launch Of ...
techcrunch.com
AngelList, a service that matches early stage startups with investors, is today continuing its transformation from social network to investing ...
-
Grockit Lands $20M From Discovery, Benchmark & Others To Bring Its New ...
techcrunch.com
Social learning company Grockit announced today that it has raised a new round of strategic investment from Discovery Communications. In addition to ...
-
The brute covers himself, the rich man or fop adorns himself, and the ...
putthison.com
Honoré de Balzac
-
$1.1 billion raised by AngelList alumni
blog.angel.co
Big news: AngelList alumni have raised over $1.1 billion from angels and VC’s on AngelList and beyond. Sarah Lacy has a detailed analysis. The big ...
-
How to raise money with no lead - Venture Hacks
venturehacks.com
Paul Graham says “The future [of funding] is no fixed amount, no fixed closing date, and no lead.” In other words, the future of financing is ...
-
Everything you ever wanted to know about advisors, Part 1 - Venture Hacks
venturehacks.com
Here are answers to some frequently asked questions about advisors. If you have additional questions, email us at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
-
Vinod Khosla: Maintain the Silicon Valley Vision
bits.blogs.nytimes.com
Vinod Khosla, the prominent venture capitalist, says Silicon Valley is in danger of losing its way if a Wall Street mentality takes hold. “You want ...
-
How to make money with pro rata rights - Venture Hacks
venturehacks.com
How to make money with pro rata rights:
-
Hackathon: The Startup Finder of Doom
blog.angel.co
(Read about the Hackathon here.) This one is by Milos Tatervic. And it’s called the Startup Finder of Doom. It is the ultimate tool for searching ...
-
Chute
angel.co
Chute - The Visual Content Engine - View company info, team members, fundraising and more
-
Tagtile
angel.co
Tagtile - Square for customer management. - View company info, team members, fundraising and more
-
Congratulations Crunchies Winners! Dropbox Is The Best Overall Startup | ...
techcrunch.com
This year’s fifth annual Crunchies Awards have just finished up at the classy Davies Symphony Hall in San Francisco, and it was a smashing success. ...
-
AngelList
angel.co
AngelList is where the world meets startups. Investors: invest in early-stage startups. Startups: find team members, angel investors and venture ...
-
Talent is the limiting factor in startup growth
blog.zohrob.com
It is much easier to start a web startup in 2011 than it was in 1995, or even 2005. You don’t need upfront capital to buy racks of machines, miles ...
-
Why You Can't Hire — There isn't a shortage of developers and designers.
www.techmeme.com
This story, by Naval / Startup Boy, appeared on Techmeme.
-
Find a Reporter at TechCrunch | PressFriendly
www.pressfriendly.com
TechCrunch recently posted a list of reporter email addresses along with pleas to not spam them. As someone adroitly mentioned in the comments, it ...
-
Startup Salary & Equity Data - AngelList
angel.co
Startup salary and equity data for thousands of startup jobs. Explore by role, location, skill, or market.
-
Jobs at Zaranga
angel.co
Zaranga is hiring - See 1 Zaranga job. Zaranga (zaranga.com) is the easy way to book high-quality, predictable vacation rentals. With verified ...
-
How AngelList is Changing Recruitment - Gauge Design
www.gaugedesign.com
Review of AngelList and its use as a recruitment tool


Flyers-Bruins Sums
by EndPlayFirst Period_1, Philadelphia, Konecny 8 (Lindblom, Couturier), 13:50. 2, Philadelphia, Myers 3 (Couturier, Konecny), 17:56. Penalties_Farabee, PHI, (high sticking), 14:14.
Second Period_None. Penalties_Pastrnak, BOS, (hooking), 8:11.
Third Period_3, Boston, Heinen 4 (Chara, Coyle), 5:59. 4, Boston, Marchand 11 (Grzelcyk), 12:22. Penalties_Provorov, PHI, Penalty Shot (interference on breakaway (penalty shot)), 15:04; Lindblom, PHI, (tripping), 16:40.
Overtime_None. Penalties_Boston bench, served by Krejci (too many men on the ice), 4:38.
Shootout_Philadelphia 1 (Farabee G, Giroux NG), Boston 0 (Coyle NG, Marchand NG, Pastrnak NG).
Shots on Goal_Philadelphia 14-6-7-2_29. Boston 5-5-17-1_28.
Power-play opportunities_Philadelphia 0 of 2; Boston 0 of 2.
Goalies_Philadelphia, Hart 6-3-1 (28 shots-26 saves). Boston, Halak 4-1-2 (29-27).
A_17,193 (17,565). T_2:50.
Referees_Francis Charron, Garrett Rank. Linesmen_Brian Mach, Kiel Murchison.


FATHER OF THE BRIDE II A film review by Edwin Jahiel Copyright 1995 Edwin Jahiel
* Directed by Charles Shyer. Produced by Nancy Meyers. Written by Meyers and Shyer. Photography, William Fraker. Production design, Linda DeScenna. Editing, Stephen A. Rotter. Music, Alan Silvestri. Cast: Steve Martin, Diane Keaton, Martin Short, Kimberly Williams, et al. A Touchstone (Disney) Picture. 107 minutes. Rated PG.
FATHER OF THE BRIDE II follows the 1991 FATHER OF THE BRIDE, itself a remake of the 1950 movie by the same title. The original was a nice, high-bourgeoisie, mainstream film. The father was Spencer Tracy--who could do no wrong in his roles. The daughter was Elizabeth Taylor. That film was followed by FATHER'S LITTLE DIVIDEND (1951), also with Tracy and Taylor. It is that last movie that has been now remade as FATHER OF THE BRIDE II.
I have not seen the 1991 picture and my memory of FATHER'S LITTLE DIVIDEND is hazy, so no comparisons will be made. But I have seen FATHER OF THE BRIDE II and I can tell you that if you want to see Steve Martin in fine fettle in a good picture, find something else to watch. There's ample choice, including four fine films that for mysterious reasons averaged poor-to-mediocre reviews: PENNIES FROM HEAVEN, THREE AMIGOS, MY BLUE HEAVEN, and HOUSESITTER.
The script of FATHER OF THE BRIDE II is based on that of FATHER'S LITTLE DIVIDEND, but this time there are two pregnancies. George Banks (Martin) is a wealthy man approaching 50 contented with his life, kids, wife and house. He say so at the start of the movie, addressing the audience. There is more of this later too. The uncreative way the monologue is handled shows that it is used as a crutch.
When his married daughter announces that she is pregnant, George goes into a blue funk at the idea of aging and becoming a grandfather. This too is handled lamely, opting for sentiment instead of having Steve Martin do a manic-depressive turn. George tries rejuvenating his appearance by dyeing his white hair and other steps. In a moment of abandon he makes love to his wife Nina (Keaton) on the kitchen floor.
Let's cut to the chase. Some time later the senior couple find out that Nina is pregnant, to her delight and to his shock. But he comes around and everything goes swimmingly as mother and daughter both produce babies next door to each other in the same hospital and at the exact same time.
If you can swallow that much coincidence you should see the infinitely funnier (but naughty) "Micki + Maude," a 1984 farce by Blake Edwards in which bigamist TV reporter Dudley Moore has two wives giving birth at the same time and place. Skip, however the 1995 pregnancy movie "Nine Months" (with Hugh Grant), which is pretty poor, except for Robin Wiliams's turn.
FATHER OF THE BRIDE II is phony throughout and disconnected from real life, or at least the life of the huge majority of viewers. The Banks live in a mansion that would make Cary Grant and Myrna Loy (in MR. BLANDINGS BUILDS HIS DREAM HOUSE (1948) green with envy. George's profession and source of income are a mystery. The only time we see him in his work-place is when he crosses a large office while getting from his secretary a list of famous people who are his seniors.
FATHER OF THE BRDIE II is a Rich People's film. When for reasons I will not go into, George has sold his house then wants to buy it back from Mr. Habib (Eugene Levy) the entrepreneur, he thinks nothing of returning Habib's check plus a bonus of $100,000. With the help of another entrepreneur, the family friend played by Martin Short, George then gets going on building an addition, a "Baby Suite" that could easily house a small family. Then comes a luxurious two-babies-shower, also orchestrated by Martin Short. Wnna bet that George and Nina do not clip grocery coupons?
Very, very little is funny about this film, in spite of Martin's unquestioned abilities. Instead we get a lot of delighted squealing (as when the daughter makes her announcement) and dumb, silly scenes (as in the dog sequence). We get oceans of glop and an overall atmosphere that is like an updated or transplanted Eisenhower-era mentality, when much of America was optimistic and thriving.
The picture also wallows in corny sentiment, like a flashback of George teaching basketball to his then-little girl to the sounds of awful swelling music. (Normally composer Alan Silvestri does a lot better than in this picture).
What's even worse is that the film is so lethargic that a sleeping-pills incident stands as a symbol of the whole. At the same time the movie manages to offend people right and left: Arabs (the grasping, cold Mr. Habib), hospital staff (they make an initial mistake) and doctors (there is mistrust of obstetrician Dr. Eisenberg who is young and a woman). Canines too.
More irritating yet is the role of Martin Short as Frank Eggelhoffer. He is an unexplained friend (unless perhaps you know FATHER OF THE BRIDE) who is now an interior decorator, now a contractor, now a caterer.  With vague European origins, he speaks with an accent that's neither German or anything else. It starts out highly exaggerated then ebbs, flows and changes as the movie unreels. His nom-de-film is taken, I bet, from the screwball classic NOTHING SACRED (1937) where the great supporting actor Sig Ruman played Dr. Eggelhoffer.
The only four things I liked in FATHER OF THE BRIDE II were Jane Adams in her small part as the charming and most professional Dr.Eisenberg; the two Dobermans; and George's beautiful two-seater convertible. Neither the end credits nor the body of the movie identify the car. For once, product placement would have been welcome.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Toggle navigation
Search for Users
About Us
Compare Pictures
Leaderboards
Profile
Menu
All Users
FAQ
AGB's
Search for Users
Username
First name
Last name
E-Mail
Help
On this page you can search for a specific user.


RYMV Madagascar Africa rice Virus dispersal isolates Rice virus East rate Mottle Yellow sequences using spread {border-style West Evolution, px;} strain #ffffff;} disease sequence environmental country mean temporal dataset factors genetic mainland phylogeographic strains Molecular ORF cent continuous estimated high model plateau (Fig. S-Mg distances epidemic sampling time African Bayesian Plant branch data distribution regions south spatial substitution surveys velocity Africa, Biology collected continental dates information lineage observed phylogenetic plant study high-altitude recombination signal west (Rakotomalala Lake Madagascar, Madagascar. Malagasy Research [.–.] cultivated cultivation detected distance east evolutionary genome north px; symptoms {font-family ‘Rice Africa. European Table Virology, applied countries estimate estimates font-size full-length host impact low obtained reconstructions species transmission value wavefront km ‘The (Dellicour (Reckhaus Evolutionary HPD S-Ug Wetenschappelijk analyses analyzed available average datasets diffusion double; early field geographical half implemented large path raster regular related sampled scale similar support tested tests used variation (Bakker (Supplementary Alaotra Andriamasintseheno Figure National RNA S-Et Sequence [], border-color border-width central country. date diversity durations elevation encodes epidemics generated history identified introduction isolated landscape least-cost likely main ninety-four null patterns permutations posterior presence results solid; statistical test tip trees uncertainty version viruses year {font-style {font-weight (Adego (see Africa’, Analysis BEAST Biology, Central DellicourS.et Ecology Ethiopia Fig. Fonds GenBank Genetic Genome However, Kenya Pathology, Research, Sequences Trovão Viral annual assess b). based basin bold climates clock cluster computed conducted considered contrast, country, courier; crop dataset. dating density different em; end framework heterogeneity included independent indicated inferred instance, intervals island location models molecular mottle new overlaps potential pt;} range recent recently reconstructed referred remains representative restricted rice, root-to-tip serological single spatially spatiotemporal spread. stages statistic statistics strain, supported temperature tree vector voor vs. yellow


ASCIIDOC(1) ASCIIDOC(1) NAME asciidoc - converts an AsciiDoc text file to HTML or DocBook SYNOPSIS asciidoc [OPTIONS] FILE DESCRIPTION The asciidoc(1) command translates the AsciiDoc text file FILE to DocBook or HTML. If FILE is - then the standard input is used. OPTIONS -a, --attribute=ATTRIBUTE Define or delete document attribute. ATTRIBUTE is formatted like NAME=VALUE. Command-line attributes take precedence over document and configuration file attributes. Alternate acceptable forms are NAME (the VALUE defaults to an empty string); NAME! (delete the NAME attribute); NAME=VALUE@ (do not override document or configuration file attributes). Values containing spaces should be enclosed in double-quote characters. This option may be specified more than once. A special attribute named trace controls the output of diagnostic information. -b, --backend=BACKEND Backend output file format: docbook45, xhtml11, html4, html5, slidy, wordpress or latex (the latex backend is experimental). You can also use the backend alias names html (aliased to xhtml11) or docbook (aliased to docbook45). Defaults to html. The --backend option is also used to manage backend plugins (see PLUGIN COMMANDS). -f, --conf-file=CONF_FILE Use configuration file CONF_FILE.Configuration files processed in command-line order (after implicit configuration files). This option may be specified more than once. --doctest Run Python doctests in asciidoc module. -d, --doctype=DOCTYPE Document type: article, manpage or book. The book document type is only supported by the docbook backend. Default document type is article. -c, --dump-conf Dump configuration to stdout. --filter=FILTER Specify the name of a filter to be loaded (used to load filters that are not auto-loaded). This option may be specified more than once. The --filter option is also used to manage filter plugins (see PLUGIN COMMANDS). -h, --help [TOPIC] Print help TOPIC. --help topics will print a list of help topics, --help syntax summarizes AsciiDoc syntax, --help manpage prints the AsciiDoc manpage. -e, --no-conf Exclude implicitly loaded configuration files except for those named like the input file (infile.conf and infile-backend.conf). -s, --no-header-footer Suppress document header and footer output. -o, --out-file=OUT_FILE Write output to file OUT_FILE. Defaults to the base name of input file with backend extension. If the input is stdin then the outfile defaults to stdout. If OUT_FILE is - then the standard output is used. -n, --section-numbers Auto-number HTML article section titles. Synonym for --attribute numbered. --safe Enable safe mode. Safe mode is disabled by default. AsciiDoc safe mode skips potentially dangerous scripted sections in AsciiDoc source files. --theme=THEME Specify a theme name. Synonym for --attribute theme=THEME. The --theme option is also used to manage theme plugins (see PLUGIN COMMANDS). -v, --verbose Verbosely print processing information and configuration file checks to stderr. --version Print program version number. PLUGIN COMMANDS The asciidoc(1) --filter, --backend and --theme options are used to install, remove and list AsciiDoc filter, backend and theme plugins. Syntax: asciidoc OPTION install ZIP_FILE [PLUGINS_DIR] asciidoc OPTION remove PLUGIN_NAME [PLUGINS_DIR] asciidoc OPTION list asciidoc OPTION build ZIP_FILE PLUGIN_SOURCE Where: OPTION asciidoc(1) --filter, --backend or --theme option specifying the type of plugin. PLUGIN_NAME A unique plugin name containing only alphanumeric or underscore characters. ZIP_FILE A Zip file containing plugin resources, the name must start with the plugin name e.g. my_filter-1.0.zip packages filter my_filter. PLUGINS_DIR The directory containing installed plugins. Each plugin is contained in its own separate subdirectory which has the same name as the plugin. PLUGINS_DIR defaults to the $HOME/.asciidoc/filters (for filter plugins) or $HOME/.asciidoc/backends (for backend plugins) or $HOME/.asciidoc/themes (for theme plugins). PLUGIN_SOURCE The name of a directory containing the plugin source files or the name of a single source file. The plugin commands perform as follows: install Create a subdirectory in PLUGINS_DIR with the same name as the plugin then extract the ZIP_FILE into it. remove Delete the PLUGIN_NAME plugin subdirectory and all its contents from the PLUGINS_DIR. list List the names and locations of all installed filter or theme plugins (including standard plugins installed in the global configuration directory). build Create a plugin file named ZIP_FILE containing the files and subdirectories specified by PLUGIN_SOURCE. File and directory names starting with a period are skipped. EXIT STATUS 0 Success 1 Failure (syntax or usage error; configuration error; document processing failure; unexpected error). BUGS See the AsciiDoc distribution BUGS file. AUTHOR AsciiDoc was originally written by Stuart Rackham. Many people have contributed to it. RESOURCES SourceForge: http://sourceforge.net/projects/asciidoc/ Main web site: http://www.methods.co.nz/asciidoc/ COPYING Copyright (C) 2002-2011 Stuart Rackham. Free use of this software is granted under the terms of the GNU General Public License (GPL). 8.6.7 17 March 2012 ASCIIDOC(1)


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% load crispy_forms_tags %} {% block content %}
1. Students should be within the vicinity of the examination room 30 minutes before the examination is due.
2. Students are NOT PERMITTED to introduce into the examination room papers/books of any kind, hand bags, mobile phones or any programmable device.
3. Any student without University I.D card and a signed and stamped examination card SHALL NOT be allowed into the examination room.
4. Where a student is found writing the examination without the requirement in 3 above, that examination SHALL BE terminated.
5. For appropriate identification, student MUST NOT cover his/her face during the examination.
6. No student will be permitted to:
a. Enter the examination room if he/she is more than 30 minutes late
b. Leave the examination room before the end of 45 minutes after the commencement of the examination.
c. eave the examination room during the last 15 minutes of the examination
7. There should be NO writing on the exam card or any part of the student's body/cloth.
8. To attract the attention of the invigilator, students should raise their hands. Absolute silence MUST be maintained throughout the examination period.
9. Students are required to sign the attendance slip at their desk.
10. Movement in or around examination premises is strictly.
11. Wearing of p-cap and /or sun glasses is NOT allowed during examination room.
12. Any student with indecent dressing SHOULD NOT be allowed into examination room.
13. No student should be allowed to change seat without prior permission from invigilator.
15. Student are MANDATED to check around them and take away pieces of papers and any implicating material in their surroundings before the commencement of any examination.


PharmD in Pharmacy
Idaho State University, Pocatello, College of Pharmacy
Pocatello, IDIdaho State University, Pocatello, College of Pharmacy
Pocatello, IDClaremont Graduate University, Claremont, Institute of Mathematical Sciences
Claremont, CAThesis: Functional Inference from molecular networks
Claremont Graduate University, Claremont, Institute of Mathematical Sciences
Claremont, CAKeck Graduate Institute of Applied Life Sciences, Claremont, Business of Bioscience
Claremont, CABITS Pilani, Department of Pharmacy
Pilani, India


Ember.js Octane vs Classic Cheat Sheet
This guide is a cheat sheet for using
Ember.js Octane. It
doesn't cover everything, but it should get you started!
PRs welcome at
the GitHub repository
§Component Templates
Angle Brackets Component Invocation
Angle brackets are a way to invoke components in a template file. There's no change in behavior. (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Inline vs block components
Angle brackets components can be used as either inline or block components. There's no change in behavior. {{yield}} looks and works the same. (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Nesting components in your file structure
You can nest components in your file structure, and use them in a template with Angle Brackets invocation. There's no change in behavior. (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Using named arguments
If a property was received from a parent component, refer to it with an @. There's no change in behavior. (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Using own properties
If a property is defined in the JavaScript file for this component's template, use a "this" when you refer to it. There's no change in behavior. (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Passing named arguments
When you pass an argument to a component, use an `@` symbol on the left hand side. There's no change in behavior. (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Passing arguments defined on "this" component
If a property is coming from a template's own JavaScript file, remember to put a "this." before it and wrap it in curly braces. (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Specifying a default value for an argument
Because arguments are read only, their values cannot be changed so no default value can be set. To have a default-value-like experience, native getters may be used.
All components are tagless
In Octane, components don't have a default wrapper anymore, so you don't need tagName! Just put the tag right in the template.
Classic
Octane
§Component Properties
Boilerplate
An Octane component imports from the @glimmer package namespace, and it uses Native Classes. Glimmer components have different API methods. (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Declaring a property
Properties follow normal Native JavaScript Class syntax. Look ma, no commas!
Classic
Octane
Use @tracked instead of set, get, and computed
Label the properties that should be tracked to compute another property, which is a getter.
Classic
Octane
Computed decorators
Do you love that computed properties have to name their dependent keys? I don't. But you could use the @computed decorator instead of @tracked if you want.
Classic
Octane
§Actions
Use @action, on, and fn instead of action
Use the @action decorator in your JavaScript to indicate functions that you want to be able to use in a template. Use those functions in the template with "on," and if you need to pass an argument to the function, use "fn" too. (Learn more)
Classic
Octane
Classic
Octane
§Component Lifecycle
Using constructor instead of init.
constructor is a feature of JavaScript Native Classes, not something Ember made up. Use it instead of init. No more this.set! (Learn more | Automation)
Classic
Octane
Element Modifiers
There are three new element modifiers, {{did-insert}}, {{did-update}}, and {{will-destroy}}, that you may use to replace the classic component lifecycle hooks didInsertElement, willDestroy, and didUpdate.
In order for these modifiers to work, you need to install the @ember/render-modifiers package.
Use element modifiers instead of didInsertElement
Instead of writing a didInsertElement method in the JavaScript file, put the {{did-insert}} modifier in your template and say which function to call when that element is rendered. Label that function with the @action decorator. (Learn more)
Classic
Octane
Using willDestroy
willDestroy is called when the entire component's element will be destroyed, similar to willDestroyElement. You can use it as a method like below, or via a modifier similar to {{did-insert}} just above. (Learn more)


I play on a PvP server capped at 25 (don't know why. still is fun though), but am trying to make a good pally build. RIght now mine is a little on the weak side (Pally 15/ WM 7/ Sorc 3) with base abilities: 16 Str, 13 Dex, 8 Con, 13 Int, 14 Wis, and 18 Cha. Any suggestions? I have no qualms about WM being dropped, or Sorc if there is a way to compensate for the loss of True Strike. (If Wiz or Sorc are used, there needs to be atleast 3 lvls- server rules). Any help/suggestions/builds to look at would be appreciated. Thanks


fIrSt ChOiCe
Previous
Next
NEW
Iphone's Latest collection iphoneX
Product Code:ISRC2020
USD Rs70,000
Availability:
In Stock
Condition:
New
Brand:
Apple Company
Quantity:
Add To Cart


We offer Business Presentations
We offer Business Research Services
Unlimited Off the rack Designer slides


{% extends "base.html" %} {% load static %} {% block title %}Channels with django user auth, using rxjs{% endblock %} {% block content %}
This is an example of using RxJS to connect to the basic Widget WebSockets (json and text). Open a separate admin window and add/update/delete widget instances to see the realtime websocket response below.
No messages to display.
No raw message data to display.
This websocket connection requires you to be logged in.


We run workshops on how to have more efficient meetings.
We give you tools to help run the meetings better.
We provide insight into your efficiency and help you constantly improve.


| World start position | |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| World | Cells | ||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
Scale:
|
||
|
|
Color:
|
||
|
Color:
|
Count of cells log:
|
||
|
Time between days:
|
|
| Create cells | |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
Remove cells
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
width
|
|
1
|
|
height
|
|
1
|
|
|
|
|
|
width
|
|
5
|
|
height
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
width
|
|
5
|
|
height
|
|
5
|
|
|
|
|
|
spaces
|
|
4
|
|
frequency
|
|
0.5
|
|
frequency
|
|
|
|
0.5
|
| Button | Control |
|---|---|
|
Space
|
Stop time
|
|
Left mouse button
|
add cells
|
|
Right mouse button
|
remove cells
|


My name is Ka Vang and I am here on a mission to spread love, peace and joy! Follow me on social media and to join "LOVE" foundation.


if not lines:
lines = input
with open_file(lines, "r") as fp:
bounds = [(int(x1), int(y1), int(x2), int(y2)) for x1, y1, x2, y2
in csv.reader(fp)]
it = rpred.rpred(model, im, bounds, pad)
preds = []
st_time = time.time()
if not lines:
lines = input
with open_file(lines, "r") as fp:
bounds = json.loads(fp)
it = rpred.rpred(model, im, bounds, pad)
preds = []
st_time = time.time()