Lick Lollipop to Begin!
Total Licks:
Licks/Second:
------ Upgrades / Purchase History -----
Power Ups
Cost:
Qty:
LPS:


UIImage
public extension UIImage
Helpers for UIImage.
-
Current UIImage bytes size.
Declaration
Swift
var bytes: Int? { get }
-
Is image in portraint mode?
Declaration
Swift
var isPortrait: Bool { get }
-
Is image in landscape mode?
Declaration
Swift
var isLandscape: Bool { get }
-
Failable convenience init to create UIImage with passed UIColor.
Declaration
Swift
convenience init?(color: UIColor, size: CGSize = CGSize(width: 1, height: 1))
Parameters
color
Desired UIColor.
size
Size for returned UIImage. By default, 1pt x 1pt.
-
Hack to fix image orientation when taking new photos.
Declaration
Swift
func fixOrientation() -> UIImage
Return Value
Fixed new photo.
-
Creates a tinted image with
color
of the current imageDeclaration
Swift
func tintWith(color: UIColor) -> UIImage
Parameters
color
color for tint
Return Value
new tinted image or same image of something goes wrong


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block content %}
The token used to connect to the discord API service. Please restart the bot for changes to take affect.


Create a Telephone Pastelet bookmark.
Pastelet as link: Pastelet
Telephone Pastelet online
Copyright © _MmCOPYRIGHT_ Tom King. All rights reserved.


Automated Mini 7-Elevens sprout all over Taiwan
The smart vending machines offer snacks and drinks and are typically found in busy offices and at stations
by Sophia Yang(Taiwan News photo)
TAIPEI (Taiwan News) — 7-Eleven, the largest chain of convenience stores in Taiwan, has recently expanded its unmanned store concept and rolled out 140 Mini 7-Eleven vending machines across the country.
Mini 7-Elevens offer a multitude of grab-and-go foods and drinks, typically in busy office buildings and at stations. The smart vending machines support cash and e-payment cards, icash, and an interactive user experience.
The snack and drink combo vending machines provide shelf-stable foods, such as chips, cookies, chocolate bars, cakes, jellies, sandwiches, sushi rolls, braised dishes, and yogurt. Drinks include bottled water, cola, soda, fresh milk, soybean milk, tea, canned coffee, and energy drinks.
Artificial intelligence (AI) technology informs personnel at a standard 7-Eleven store nearby to fill the machines when they are running out of stock. Generally, Mini 7-Elevens sell the most popular food and beverage products and the content varies slightly at different locations.
The company said up to 140 vending machines have been rolled out across the country, mostly in office buildings near coffee corners. Three are located at a transit station in Xinyi District, Taipei.
Mobile payments are not available as yet.


public final class Util
extends java.lang.Object
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
static int |
JARRAY_ID |
static int |
JBOOLEAN_ID |
static int |
JBYTE_ID |
static int |
JCHAR_ID |
static int |
JCLASS_ID |
static int |
JDOUBLE_ID |
static int |
JFLOAT_ID |
static int |
JINT_ID |
static int |
JLONG_ID |
static int |
JOBJECT_ID |
static int |
JSHORT_ID |
static int |
JSTRING_ID |
static int |
JVOID_ID |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
static int |
getTypeId(java.lang.Class<?> clazz)
Internal use only
Same as
getTypeId(Object) but for Class. |
static int |
getTypeId(java.lang.Object obj)
Internal use only
Does the same thing as util.c::get_jtype, but it's easier more
stable to do this in java when able.
|
public static final int JBOOLEAN_ID
public static final int JINT_ID
public static final int JLONG_ID
public static final int JOBJECT_ID
public static final int JSTRING_ID
public static final int JVOID_ID
public static final int JDOUBLE_ID
public static final int JSHORT_ID
public static final int JFLOAT_ID
public static final int JARRAY_ID
public static final int JCHAR_ID
public static final int JBYTE_ID
public static final int JCLASS_ID
public static final int getTypeId(java.lang.Object obj)
Internal use only Does the same thing as util.c::get_jtype, but it's easier more stable to do this in java when able.
obj
- an Object
valueint
one of the type _ID constantspublic static final int getTypeId(java.lang.Class<?> clazz)
Internal use only
Same as getTypeId(Object)
but for Class. This is
useful for determining the _ID for things like
method.getReturnType.
clazz
- an Object
valueint
one of the type _ID constants


{% extends 'bootstrap/base.html' %} {% block head %} {{ super() }} {% endblock %} {% block body %}
We are on the edge of change comparable to the rise of human life on Earth.
- Vernor Vinge


AAMusicPlayer demonstrates all the basic functionalities of a media player (and then some) with a GUI based on the Qt5 framework, platform support on both Linux Ubuntu and Mac OSX, and media support of all types supported by Qt's plat-form specific media backends (GStreamer on Linux). It is especially suitable for media-tag (Title, Artist, Album) editing.


Mont Marte pastel pencils and Pastel pad. The idea was to experiment with water, create movement and stillness of the giant rocks.
Better days ahead
Phillip island.
Mont Marte pastel pencils, Faber-Castell Pitt Pastel Pencil, soft pastel bars, Pastel paper. Experimenting sunset with water reflections and dark shapes.
Verde & Plata
Phillip island.
Mont Marte pastel pencils, soft pastel bars, Pastel paper. Experimenting drawing clouds, sunshine and greenery texture.
Oneself
Port Melbourne beach.
Mont Marte pastel pencils, Faber-Castell Pitt Pastel Pencil, soft pastel bars, Reeves Pastel paper. I challenge myself to paint water and sun reflections on the water, I used acrylic paint for accents.
Island Memories
Sandringham beach.
Mont Marte pastel pencils, Faber-Castell Pitt Pastel Pencil. Acrylic paint. Reeves pastel pad. In this postcard I focused on creating a transparent look for the water, paying attention on the light reflection and sand tones.
Summer night
Phillip island.
Mont Marte pastel pencils, Faber-Castell Pitt Pastel Pencil, soft pastel bars, Reeves Pastel paper. Experimenting painting dark shapes using acrylic paint over pastel to gain more intensity.
A Koala's home
Great ocean road.
Mont Marte pastel pencils, soft pastel bars, Pastel paper. My first time painting a solid color area, here I challenge myself to paint a bright blue sky and blend by layers.
Quietud
Sandringham beach.
Mont Marte pastel pencils and paper. this was the first sunset I painted using pastel pencils, I experimented using for the first time pastel pencil stumps to blend the colors.
New beginnings
Port Melbourne beach.
Mont Marte pastel pencils, pastel pad. My second pastel pencil drawing, I used a watercolour brush to help me painting the water, I made up a technique by mixing water with pastel pencil powder to get a watercolour consistency.
Mont Marte pastel pencils and paper. My first time using pastel pencils, I literally had no idea what I was doing, but I keep trusting the process, adding light layers of color and blending. The details were done by using a Watercolor Reservoir Brush.


What did you learn from your 'mindfulness conversation'? How did the other person find it?
I have tried to have a mindfulness conversation a couple of times, but I found myself getting distracted, becoming influenced by my emotions, or my judgement is very much affected by the other person's attitude. I can see that self confidence, stemming from the non-egoistic inner self is the way to go. Most of the time and I am harsh on myself and that is holding me back.
Which of the three suggested techniques will you use to sustain your practice?
I love walking meditation, especially while listening to good music like this
I would love to listen full on every time. But as I said before sometimes (probably most of the time) I find myself to drawing conclusions while still in the middle of a conversation. It would be good to leave it and wait and see what might come as a natural result.
And I would love to sustain to use my technique throught the art - music and paintings.
Thank you for reading.


This song was first released on 17 September, 2002. It is performed by Carlos Santana, vocal performance by Michelle Branch. Written by Gregg Alexander, Rick Nowels. Producers are Clive Davis and Carlos Santana.
This song was originally recorded with Tina Turner, but this version got only released a couple of years later in 2007.
The music video depicts Santana and Branch in an alley with couples around them, each expressing their love for one another. The director was Paul Fedor and the video was filmed in the Pilsen neighborhood of Chicago.
 [Guitar solo] Make me feel good, yeah So please tell me why don't you come around no more Cause right now I'm dying outside the door of your loving store [Repeat Chorus] It's all in this game of love It's all in the game of love Yeah, in the game of love Roll me Control me Please hold me (make me feel good, yeah)
Videos and song lyrics are property and copyright of their owners. They are only provided for educational purposes. Videos shown here are all listed on Youtube.


§Learn Seneca
Want to learn how to use Seneca to build microservice systems? Enter
the Seneca dojo and follow the seven steps to enlightenment.
[⇧]
§▰ White Belt
Learn how to:
- ▰ Install, run and use Seneca
- ▰ Use pattern matching to model your business requirements
- ▰ Use logging to figure out what’s going on
- ▰ Learn about and use the core plugins
Follow these tutorials:
Try this example code:
Use this reference material:
Blood, sweat, and tears:
(AKA: Don’t worry, this part is supposed to be hard.)
- ▰ Learning the pattern matching rules and running them “in your head”.
- ▰ Grokking the log output.
[⇧]
§▰ Orange Belt
Learn how to:
- ▰ Get microservices talking to each other over the network
- ▰ Unit test your microservices
- ▰ Work with databases
- ▰ Understand Seneca prior actions
- ▰ Control log output
- ▰ Submit issues and ask questions
Follow these tutorials:
Try this example code:
Use this reference material:
Blood, sweat, and tears:
- ▰ Connecting things over the network never works the first time. Invest in understanding the log output to help debug.
- ▰ Timeouts are annoying.
- ▰ Prior actions make writing components easy, but you need to understand the rules.
- ▰ Entities are opinionated, so they might not be what you need. You should still understand them as they are used by many plugins.
- ▰ The Seneca community and maintainers probably won’t respond in real-time. Sorry.
[⇧]
§▰Green Belt
Learn how to:
- ▰ Connect your web framework (express, hapi, etc.) to Seneca
- ▰ Write business logic plugins and expose them as microservices (this is why you’re here!)
- ▰ Use pins to pattern match the patterns (meta!)
- ▰ Configure custom logging and integrate with analytics services so you can debug your microservices
- ▰ Give a meetup talk about Seneca
- ▰ Configure Seneca
Follow these tutorials:
Try this example code:
Use this reference material:
Blood, sweat, and tears:
- ▰ Getting used to thinking in terms of message flows takes practice.
- ▰ Finding the right patterns to match your messages takes trial and error.
- ▰ Reading and interpreting log files is hard.
- ▰ Live-coding at a meetup is harder than it looks.
[⇧]
§▰Purple Belt
Learn how to:
- ▰ Use different message transports
- ▰ Choose the right service discovery mechanism
- ▰ Use a peer-to-peer service mesh
- ▰ Draw and generate diagrams to describe your microservices
- ▰ Write shield plugins to wrap other elements of your network
- ▰ Understand the standard message flow patterns
Follow these tutorials:
Try this example code:
Use this reference material:
Blood, sweat, and tears:
- ▰ Connecting everything end-to-end is not going to work the first time
- ▰ Mesh networks are powerful, but you need to understand the core concepts
[⇧]
§▰Blue Belt
Learn how to:
- ▰ Design and build a Minimum Viable Product using microservices
- ▰ Use containers to run your microservices
- ▰ Write a blog post about Seneca
- ▰ Give a conference talk about Seneca
- ▰ Integrate with microservices written in other languages
Follow these tutorials:
Try this example code:
Use this reference material:
Blood, sweat, and tears:
- ▰ Your use of Node.js will be ridiculed
- ▰ Your use of microservices will be ridiculed
- ▰ Container networking is designed to make you cry
- ▰ Integration is hard, always
[⇧]
§▰Red Belt
Learn how to:
Follow these tutorials:
Try this example code:
Use this reference material:
Blood, sweat, and tears:
- ▰ You’ll have to leave the Seneca documentation behind, and read the source code directly
[⇧]
§▰Black Belt
Learn how to:
- ▰ Maintain a Seneca plugin
- ▰ Contribute to Seneca
Follow these tutorials:
Try this example code:
Use this reference material:
Blood, sweat, and tears:
- ▰ Joining and participating in a community takes time, patience, and respect.
§Acknowledgment
This learning approach is inspired by Kathy Sierra’s
book
Badass: Making Users Awesome. You
should read it. It will make you awesome.


Suspected hitman drug lord arrested over Mormon massacre pictured for first time
'Pablo' was arrested in the town of Agua Prieta near Mexico's border with Arizona and he had two hostages, according to Mexican officials
by Tom Davidson, https://www.mirror.co.uk/authors/tom-davidson/A suspected drug lord under arrest over the massacre of nine Americans has been pictured for the first time.
Three mothers and six children were brutally gunned down in northern Mexico by cartel gunmen on Monday.
The precise motivation for the sickening attack is still unknown.
The suspect - named only as Pablo - was found late on Tuesday in the border town of Agua Prieta near Arizona.
He was holding two hostages who were gagged and tied inside a vehicle, Mexico's Agency for Criminal Investigation said.
Authorities said the suspect was also found in the possession of four assault rifles and ammunition, as well as various large vehicles including a bullet-proof SUV.
The hostages are not believed to be related to the nine LeBaron family victims killed on Monday while traveling in a convoy of three SUVs in Sonora state.
On Tuesday grieving family members of the victims visited the scene of the murders which have sparked international outcry.
Investigators are reportedly still trying to determine how the arrested suspect is connected to the brutal slayings.
It has been suggested that cartel members may have mistaken the LeBaron family convoy's large SUVs for those of gang rivals.
The killers were apparently members of the Juarez drug cartel and its armed wing, La Linea - 'The Line' - whose gunmen had entered Sinaloa cartel territory and set up an armed outpost.
The cartel apparently wanted to send a message that it controlled the road into Chihuahua.
It was only after the first vehicle was shot up and set afire that 50 or 60 Sinaloa cartel gunmen showed up to see what had happened, according to reports from Mexico.
The gunned-down mothers were driving in separate vehicles with their children from the La Mora religious community where they live, which is a decades-old settlement in Sonora state founded as part of an offshoot of The Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints.
Rhonita Miller and four of her children - her six-month-old twins, Titus and Tiana, her 10-year-old daughter Krystal and 12-year-old son Howard - were all killed.
Another two mothers, Dawna Langford and Christina Langford Johnson, as well as Dawna's sons, Trevor, 11, and Rogan, 3, were also all killed.
Eight children survived the ambush.
Those surviving children not only escaped the drug cartel gunmen who killed their mothers but managed to hide in the brush for hours until help arrived.


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Currently there are no reviews for this movie.


Off the Beaten Path at the Anderson Family Vineyard
There are no signs when you arrive at 20120 NE Harrington Lane in Newberg, Oregon. This part of the Dundee Hills AVA is more a patchwork of hazelnut trees and small farmlands than dense rows of vineyards.
My excitement mounts as my partner in crime pulls out his phone and starts punching the code into the keypad of the gated property. Some of the best wines I’ve ever tasting were at inconspicuous wineries such as this one. No signs are always a good sign. It means that people are spending more time producing astounding bottles instead of astonishing marketing. As the saying goes, good wine needs no bush.
We had only heard about the Anderson Family Vineyard a few days earlier while having brunch at the bar of a Portland restaurant. Seated beside me was a fellow Canadian who worked in the restaurant business and enjoyed wine as much as we did.
Together, we traded Portland restaurant and bar names like baseball cards. We reminisced about past wine trips we had taken, and lamented over-restrictive Canadian import laws.
Josie was ending her trip just as ours was about to begin. We asked for a few winery recommendations since we were heading towards the Willamette Valley, Oregon’s top wine destination.
She raved about visiting the Anderson Family Vineyard, which is situated less than an hour south of Portland. Allison (Anderson) had spent over an hour showing her the property and pouring a generous vertical tasting of their best bottles. “Just make sure to book an appointment,” she said.
These are the sorts of winery visits we enjoy most; it’s an intimate way to discover new wines and the people who make them.
We request an appointment through their website as soon as we arrive at Dundee, our home base during our Willamette Valley visit. With luck, we immediately receive a response saying that they are happy to welcome us at 11 am the following day.
As we pass through the gates and drive up the gravel road to the winery, I can’t help but admire the view of the gentle slopes hugging the property. The place seems empty except for two cars parked near a small warehouse several hundred yards away from the tasting room.
We are greeted upon arrival by a laid back fellow named Blake, who informs us that the owners, Cliff and Allison Anderson, are on vacation. Adopted into the family just over a year ago, Blake Talbot is a self-professed fermentation geek and is the house winemaker.
The first thing he asks is if we want to check out the vineyard. I can barely contain my excitement; I already know that this visit will be memorable.
And the next ninety minutes are just that, as Blake patiently answers all of our questions and talks about the vineyard, its history, soil, and his specialty, the winemaking process.
The vineyard sits on an ancient landslide of broken basalt and is among one of the first to be planted in the area. Much like Mount Etna in Sicily or the Canary Islands in Spain, vines here grow on iron-rich volcanic soil.
“See those fist-sized rocks,” Blake points to a row of large stones that line the top of the hill. “Those are broken pieces of hardened lava made of volcanic deposit. They all come from this property.”
The winery’s slopes and basalt soil mean that rain quickly drains to the bottom of the hills, forcing the vines to stretch their roots in search of water deep beneath the soil. As a result, the plants produce fruit with intense and complex flavors.
The Andersons specifically had this in mind when they bought the land in the eighties. Cliff Anderson was actually on the committee that helped form the Dundee Hills AVA. Today their vines, which are organic and dry-farmed, are almost thirty years old. The only varietals you’ll find here are Pinot Noir and Chardonnay, with a few rows of Pinot Gris planted by mistake several years ago.
Neighboring winemakers are eager to get their hands on the Andersons’ grapes because these mature vines produce some of the best fruit in the Dundee Hills. Over the years, wineries such as White Rose,Bergstrom, JK Carriere, de Lancelotti and others, have sourced their grapes from this vineyard. New producers are always adding their names to the list.
Blake attributes three main factors to their quality wine: the location and soil of the vineyard, their ability to afford smaller yields of better fruit, and their vineyard manager.
“Rudy [Chavez] helped plant the first vines on our site 28 years ago. He’s been farming for over 40 years and has seen it all. Thanks to him, we can deal with almost anything.”
There are numerous components to take into consideration when making wine. Many of these are out of your control: weather, disease, natural disasters, pests, and the list goes on. But these things don’t seem to faze Blake. Over the years he’s gleaned wisdom through trial and error, and has been fortunate to surround himself with highly experienced people in the field.
In his previous role as assistant winemaker at an industrial winery, Blake would oversee the blending of some 25 different types of wines, many of them for custom crush clients. This meant working with no less than 12 different grape varietals and producing everything from sparkling to still to port-style wines. It’s no wonder that making small-batch bottlings of Pinot Noir and Chardonnay at the Anderson Family Vineyard seems easy by comparison. “There’s no need to be stressed,” he says, “especially when you’re working with great fruit.”
It’s time to taste some wines. Blake leads us through the tasting room, which also acts as a warehouse where the wine completes its primary fermentation. Off to one side is a row of oak barrels full of Chardonnay, which Blake had brought up to warm from the cold underground cellar late this past spring.
“Come and listen to this,” Blake says gleefully while removing the bunghole cork on the side of one of the oak barrels. I press my ear against the wood’s hole and hear a symphony of sputter and fizzle. He smiles as I look up in astonishment. The wine is singing.
Blake explains that he uses spontaneous fermentation as much as possible in his winemaking process. This means using whatever yeast is found naturally in the air to ferment the grape must. For him, this type of fermentation is beneficial in creating a distinctive style and quality of wine all thanks to the unique house blend of yeast found onsite. “Having the wines ferment slower is a benefit which gives us a textural component we like.”
While admitting that spontaneous fermentation is riskier and that yeast inoculation may be necessary at times, Blake still prefers adopting the more natural technique. “I enjoy managing those risks. Hopefully, I’ll have added a little something extra [by taking those risks], making the wine that much better.”
Blake begins to pour a lineup of Pinot Gris, Chardonnay, and Pinot Noir vintages. Josie was right; the vertical tasting at Anderson Family Vineyard is generous and elaborate.
This type of experience allows you to compare and contrast their wines, which all have great structure and highlight their aging potential. The Pinot Noirs are like sisters, each showcasing unique traits despite their refined family attributes shining through. But I can’t help being partial to the 2011 Chardonnay, harvested late that October.
“It was a particularly cool and rainy year,” Blake explains. “This vintage is quite lean and austere compared to some of our warmer vintages.” Initially, it wasn’t a favorite among customers. But this wine has aged with grace and elegance, bringing me the same joy I get from sipping a Pouilly-Fuissé.
If you’ve happened to hear about the Anderson Family Vineyard, you will know that it’s almost impossible to find their wines anywhere. They do not sell them outside of the winery except for some bottles at a couple of restaurants and at the Valley Wine Merchants shop, all in nearby Newberg.
They also do not submit their wines for review. Cliff Anderson has no interest in them. “There was a regional tasting once where all of the local wineries were pouring their wines. At the end of the night, the only empty bottle was the Anderson’s,” Blake recounts laughing. “Cliff said that was all the rankings he needed.”
As an up-and-coming winemaker, it is normal that Blake would like his wines reviewed one day. But so far, the vineyard does just fine without them. With over 600 wine club members — some loyal till the end of their lives, says Blake— and nearby winemakers eager to buy their fruit, the winery is thriving.
“It’s all thanks to word of mouth,” says the winemaker. And it’s true, that’s how we stumbled upon this gem in the first place.
Region: Dundee Hills AVA, Oregon
Soil: Fragmented basalt
Farming: Organic
Varietals: Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Pinot Gris
Production: On average 2,000 cases annually


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:: com :: sun :: star :: text :: textfield ::
|
| service MetadataField |
- Description
- is a ::com::sun::star::text::TextField whose content
is specified by RDF metadata.
- Since
- OOo 3.2
- See also
- ::com::sun::star::rdf
|
| Properties' Summary |
long
NumberFormat |
[ OPTIONAL ]
this is the number format for this field.
|
boolean
IsFixedLanguage |
[ OPTIONAL ]
determines whether changes in language attributes at the
position of the text field also change the number format
as appropriate for this language.
|
| Properties' Details |
NumberFormat
long NumberFormat;
- Usage Restrictions
- optional
- Description
- this is the number format for this field.
- See also
- ::com::sun::star::util::NumberFormatter
|
|
IsFixedLanguage
boolean IsFixedLanguage;
- Usage Restrictions
- optional
- Description
- determines whether changes in language attributes at the
position of the text field also change the number format
as appropriate for this language.
|
|
Top of Page
Copyright © 2013, The Apache Software Foundation, Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0. Apache, the Apache feather logo, Apache OpenOffice and OpenOffice.org are trademarks of The Apache Software Foundation. Other names may be trademarks of their respective owners.


Penn women's volleyball team has season canceled over 'vulgar' posters in locker room
by Ryan GaydosThe University of Pennsylvania canceled the remainder of the women’s volleyball team’s season after “offensive” and “vulgar” posters were discovered in the team’s locker room, the school said.
Penn announced the decision last Wednesday to cancel the rest of the Quakers’ season.
GARY DANIELSON OF CBS SLAMMED FOR COMMENTS – AND CHUCKLES -- AFTER SIDELINE PHOTOGRAPHER INJURED
“The decision to cancel the remainder of the season was made following the discovery of vulgar, offensive, and disrespectful posters in the women's volleyball locker room earlier this week,” the school said in a press release. “These actions were in violation of team and Divisional policy and this matter has been referred to University administration for further review in accordance with University policy.”
M. Grace Calhoun, the Ivy League school’s director of athletics, said the student-athletes’ behavior “is simply unacceptable and will not be tolerated.”
KANSAS PIECES TOGETHER 3-MAN CLASS AMID NCAA ALLEGATIONS
“We expect our student-athletes to represent the University of Pennsylvania in a first-class and respectful manner at all times, and in this case, our women's volleyball student-athletes did not meet that standard,” Calhoun said. “We have reviewed the matter with the appropriate University partners and will determine additional steps in the coming days and weeks.”
It’s unclear what the vulgar messages were and if they were aimed at anyone in particular.
CLICK HERE FOR MORE SPORTS COVERAGE ON FOXNEWS.COM
The Quakers were 11-10 and 4-8 in conference play before their season was canceled.
The Associated Press contributed to this report.


One of the most common use cases for beacon-enabled applications is to perform an action when a user gets close to a specific location. Since beacons typically have a transmitting range of up to 50 meters, it’s often not appropriate to trigger that far away. A gas station app, for example, shouldn’t prompt a user to pay at the pump when the user’s phone detects the beacon from across the street.
There are a couple of strategies to solve this. One involves turning down the transmitter power of the beacon so it can’t be detected until the user is only a few meters away. The RadBeacon models sold by Radius Networks allow adjusting the transmitter power for this exact reason. But when very close triggering is desired, this approach can sometimes lead to actions not being triggered at all. Received signal levels can vary depending on mobile device model, and where the device is placed.
A second approach involves tracking the beacon in the background, noting its estimated distance, and only triggering an action when the beacon is estimated to be within a specific range. This approach is problematic on iOS, because CoreLocation generally allows only 10 seconds of ranging time when an app is in the background. If a beacon is first detected at 50 meters, and a person is approaching the beacon at one meter per second, the mobile device will still be 40 meters away when iOS suspends the app and stops it from ranging.
The good news is that it is possible to extend background ranging time on iOS. If your app is a navigation app, you can specify location updates in the “Required background modes” in your Info.plist. But this approach makes it harder to get AppStore approval – you have to convince reviewers that your app is providing navigation services to the user. This probably isn’t true for many apps that simply want to use beacons to trigger at a specific distance.
Fortunately, you can still extend background ranging time without requesting special background modes. The time you can get is limited – only three minutes. But this clock restarts each time your app is woken up in the background, meaning you can get an extra three minutes of ranging time each time your app detects a beacon (enters a beacon region) or stops seeing beacons (exits a beacon region.)
Continue reading this blog post on the Radius Networks website


Wrong cover art.
-
zubadeh
I hope I don't get flamed, I looked at the other posts and didn't see anything that quite answers my question but I sure saw a lot of people get flamed for a question. O.K. problem some times Synergy grabs the wrong album cover. I have however been scanning my album art and easily fixed the problem in iTunes but Synergy still shows the wrong cover. How do I correct Synergy on those rare occasions it makes an error? On an aside Synergy is pretty awesome it's errors are very rare and it accepts the covers I've scanned as I add them to iTunes for the ones it can't find. Great little app. Worth the license fee
-
Greg Hurrell
Quote: I hope I don't get flamed, I looked at the other posts and didn't see anything that quite answers my question but I sure saw a lot of people get flamed for a question.
I haven't seen any flames. Which threads are you referring to? Quote: O.K. problem some times Synergy grabs the wrong album cover. I have however been scanning my album art and easily fixed the problem in iTunes but Synergy still shows the wrong cover. How do I correct Synergy on those rare occasions it makes an error?
Synergy continues to use the art it downloaded and saved in the "~/Library/Application Support/Synergy/Album Covers/" folder. It does this because retrieving the art from iTunes every single time is fairly CPU intensive and wasteful (in Synergy Advance the transfer engine is a little more efficient so it actually *does* pull the art across whenever it thinks it might have changed). The way to get Synergy to use the new art is to delete it from that folder. When the affected song is playing choose "Show Album Covers Folder..." from the Global Menu and the corresponding album cover will be revealed and automatically selected in the Finder which makes it pretty easy to delete. The next time you play the song Synergy will grab the correct art that you inserted into iTunes. Quote: On an aside Synergy is pretty awesome it's errors are very rare
The accuracy is a function of how good your ID3 tags are. The more accurate they are, the more likely the search will produce the correct result. Unfortunately the UI is a bit limited and it's not so easy to step in and correct things on those occasions where things are wrong. I have a number of things in the download module of Synergy Advance which make it easy to intervene on those occasions where the first search result isn't the one you were looking for.
-
zubadeh
Thanx for the help. I have printed this out so I can make my fixes.
Reply
This topic is now closed.


Get paths for emisson at file.
:param: data_path - path to files, defaults to the `gwp/data`
:return: dict with scenario names as keys and paths to
data files as values
Calculate temperature increase caused by Methane only
This uses FaiR: https://github.com/OMS-NetZero/FAIR
Returns a pandas DataFrame with columns RCP 2.6, RCP 4.5, RCP 6, RCP 8.5
and rows with yearly data from 1765 to 2500.
Calculation of GWP* from GWP
Based on Allen et. al 2018
:param: emissons pandas Series with emission values, index is year
:param: gwp_h GWP for `h` years
:param: h time in years
:param: delt delta tine in years
:return: GWP*
Read emssion data from a csv file.
Per default reads Methane data from a file with the format of the
files in `igwp/data`.
These files are from FaiR: https://github.com/OMS-NetZero/FAIR


One World
Trade center
Increasing prosperity in our lives can be accomplished by having the right frame of mind. The truth is, our thoughts are very powerful.
New York City, United States-1776 feet
International
Commerce center
Successful businesses have many things in common, today we’ll look at the big ‘R’ of recognition and how a digital advertising network may help.
Hong Kong-1588 feet


Web
Security
Security is everyone's business
Registration Form Example - Part 1
Registration Form
Submit
Registration Form Example - Part 2
Registration Form
Submit
Data-binding programmatically
Registration Form
Submit
Data-binding programmatically
Registration Form
Submit
Rouben Meschian
rmeschian@gmail.com


I’m a member of the University of Iowa School of Journalism and Mass Communication Class of 2016.
I have proven expertise in multimedia storytelling, journalistic reporting and writing and TV News. I am currently an producer of the University of Iowa's Daily Iowan TV.
I am a hard and dedicated worker. I strive to do the best I can in whatever I try to do. I have always really like being involved or watching media in some way and now I'm involved in it.  I like to find out the real truth and give a good story to the people I am telling it to.
514 S. Lucas St. Apt. 4, Iowa City, IA,
I help write the stories that go into the final tv product. I also help with setting up shows and backing timing them.
I wrote and went live with radio broadcasting the noon news. I had one partner and everything was live for the time I was on air. I covered the daily news of the day.
I wrestled for the University of Iowa club team. I traveled with them and practiced on the club team.
Bachelor of Arts in Journalism and Mass Communication Minor in Rhetoric anticipated May 2018
This is a 14:30 minute show I produced
(This is a full package script that I wrote out for a producing assignment.)
Anchor Lead: President Obama goes back to school. On Monday Obama gave a speech in Washington DC to a high school. Joseph Dickson has the story.
Obama stepped into into Benjamin Banneker Academic High School with a topic on his mind, education and how it has changed. Obama was excited to visit because last month he was planned to give a speech at Annandale High in Fairfax County, Virginia but was postponed due to travel. Obama had a lot of advice for the kids of Benjamin Banneker Academic.
“When we understand that no matter what you look like, where you come from, what faith you are, whether you’re a boy or a girl, that you should have great opportunities to succeed and that requires you to put effort into it,” But Obama didn’t stop there he wanted the kids to know what they were up against in the world. “We live in a global economy and when you graduate you’re no longer going to be competing just with somebody here in DC for a great job, You’re competing with somebody on the other side of the world in China or in India, because jobs can go wherever they want because of the internet, because of technology. And the best jobs are going to go to the people that are the best educated whether in India or China or anywhere in the world.”
Obama also tried hard to get in touch with his audience in whatever way he could. At one point acted like he was talking on the phone with someone. He even imitated a student taking a selfie to get more connected with the students of Benjamin Banneker Academic High School. This is Joseph Dickson with Daily Iowan TV.
This is a KRUI Radio story I did live on air
(This was a radio story I did on KRUI for a news.)
A unusual fight took twitter by storm. The LA Times and The Chicago Tribune jabbed each other over twitter. Judy Phillips has the story The fight started after The Chicago Tribune to a jab at Los Angeles. “Known widely today as ‘The Birthplace of Cocaine,’ Los Angeles is a stunningly unfortunate city on the Pacific Ocean, located in a semi-arid region known as California’s Crotch.”
After a comment like that The LA Times had enough and started to fight back stating in one of their articles addressing this issue that, “My guess is that on the day the L.A. put-down was written, there were fewer than a half-dozen public officials indicted and no blizzards in Chicago, so it was a slow news day.” As it turns out both of these organizations are owned by the same owners but despite that still go into a bit of a tussle.
These are a few of the packages I have created for a class. Watch on YouTube.
An hand-coded HTML site based on the Hyde theme.


Points
Dashboard
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Marcos Young
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sigma_clip¶
-
astropy.stats.
sigma_clip
(data, sig=3, iters=1, cenfunc=<function median>, varfunc=<function var>, axis=None, copy=True)[source] [edit on github]¶ Perform sigma-clipping on the provided data.
This performs the sigma clipping algorithm - i.e. the data will be iterated over, each time rejecting points that are more than a specified number of standard deviations discrepant.
Note
scipy.stats.sigmaclip provides a subset of the functionality in this function.
Parameters: data : array-like
The data to be sigma-clipped (any shape).
sig : float
The number of standard deviations (not variances) to use as the clipping limit.
iters : int or
None
The number of iterations to perform clipping for, or
None
to clip until convergence is achieved (i.e. continue until the last iteration clips nothing).cenfunc : callable
The technique to compute the center for the clipping. Must be a callable that takes in a masked array and outputs the central value. Defaults to the median (numpy.median).
varfunc : callable
The technique to compute the standard deviation about the center. Must be a callable that takes in a masked array and outputs a width estimator:
deviation**2 > sig**2 * varfunc(deviation)
Defaults to the variance (numpy.var).
axis : int or
None
copy : bool
Returns: filtered_data :
numpy.ma.MaskedArray
A masked array with the same shape as
data
input, where the points rejected by the algorithm have been masked.Notes
The routine works by calculating:
deviation = data - cenfunc(data [,axis=int])
and then setting a mask for points outside the range:
data.mask = deviation**2 > sig**2 * varfunc(deviation)
It will iterate a given number of times, or until no further points are rejected.
Most numpy functions deal well with masked arrays, but if one would like to have an array with just the good (or bad) values, one can use:
good_only = filtered_data.data[~filtered_data.mask] bad_only = filtered_data.data[filtered_data.mask]
However, for multidimensional data, this flattens the array, which may not be what one wants (especially is filtering was done along an axis).
Examples
This will generate random variates from a Gaussian distribution and return a masked array in which all points that are more than 2 sample standard deviation from the median are masked:
>>> from astropy.stats import sigma_clip >>> from numpy.random import randn >>> randvar = randn(10000) >>> filtered_data = sigma_clip(randvar, 2, 1)
This will clipping on a similar distribution, but for 3 sigma relative to the sample mean, will clip until converged, and does not copy the data:
>>> from astropy.stats import sigma_clip >>> from numpy.random import randn >>> from numpy import mean >>> randvar = randn(10000) >>> filtered_data = sigma_clip(randvar, 3, None, mean, copy=False)
This will clip along one axis on a similar distribution with bad points inserted:
>>> from astropy.stats import sigma_clip >>> from numpy.random import normal >>> from numpy import arange, diag, ones >>> data = arange(5)+normal(0.,0.05,(5,5))+diag(ones(5)) >>> filtered_data = sigma_clip(data, axis=0, sig=2.3)
Note that along the other axis, no points would be masked, as the variance is higher.


| Grain | Pounds | Yield | Color | % Bill |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| [(weight / sum($all.weight)) * 100]% |
| Hop | Ounces | Use | Minutes | Alpha | IBUs | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Yeast | Attenuation | Flocculation |
|---|---|---|
| Step | Target Temp | Minutes | Addition |
|---|---|---|---|
Calculated
| OG | |
| FG | |
| ABV | % |
| IBUs | |
| Color | |
| Bitterness |
Profile
| Batch Size | Gallons |
| Efficiency | % |
| Boil Hours | |
| Gal/Lb Loss | |
| Kettle Loss | |
| Boiloff per Hour | |
| Water Volume |
Measured
| Final OG | |
| Final FG | |
| ABV | % |


{{ define "title" }}
These awesome people are currently looking for a job. If you are looking for anyone with these skills, please feel free to reach out to them.
To add yourself to this list, fork this website's source code and send a pull request with edits to signalboost.dhall
.
With COVID-19 raging across the world, these people are in need of a job now more than ever.
{{/* end COVID-19 note */}}


# pure SEE (Super Easy Edit) of docuK (Markdown): 사용 설명서 (Manual | Documentation | Tutorial).
The docuK rendered from the current text is being represented.
## Abstract | Description of docuK and SEE
Specific features are
- Changable mode, font-family.
- Resizable font-size, line-height.
- Table of contents.
- Numbering of sections/figures/equations.
- Citing references in bubble-shape pop up.
- Refering figures and equations.
- Refering anything with id and element with class="number".
- Delayed(lazy)-loading of figures (images, iframes).
- Delayed(lazy)-rendering of maths (MathJax). From 2023-06-01, MathJax is updated to render all equations in docuK or SEE (Super Easy Edit) in the beginning.
- Auto code printing from `
<codeprint id="code-id"></codeprint>
` to `

`.
Quite similar to LaTeX or Wiki document, but extended a little bit.
## SEE (Super Easy Edit) code only
## Full SEE code
## PH
###/ Posting History
Posting History is put here. This section is automatically hiden.
- 2023-05-18: Update.
- 2014-06-18: First posting.
##/ Posting History
## COTD
###/ Categories of this document
Categories of this document is put here with links to Lists of kipid's blog. This section is automatically hiden.
##/ Categories of this document
## Warning
In this live demo, there is some limitations. Delayed loading, browser-info, code prettyprint, maths, and possibly some additional javascript codes which are called only once in the beginning (docuK-prepare.js
), or which are using m.variables
already asigned before, will not work in the afterward rendering.
Only m.docuKProcess()
will be called in this demo example. But when you put "docuK HTML part" into a html file or post it to blogs (which allows script), the full feature of docuK will be loaded and every functionality of docuK will work.
## TOC
##/ Table of Contents.
Table will be automatically filled up. Details will be explained in the following sections.
## Statement
Each statement or paragraph is splitted by double (or more than double) enters, e.g. /\n\n+/.
If '#' and '<' comes first in a statement, the paragraph will be specially treated.
## DocuK and sections
'#' indicates docuK, and '##' | '###' | '####' to sec | subsec | subsubsec.
End of docuK: '#/', and end of section | subsec | subsubsec: '##/' | '###/' | '####/' are optional. Renderer detects end of something automatically according the hierarchy.
End of something can be used as comments.
Text after '#/' is ignored. Therefore use '#####/' for super concrete comment.
Or just end of something which are not yet opened is OK.
The following is ignored, as you see it in the rendered docuK.
###/ End of something can be used as comments.
Text after '#/' is ignored. Therefore use '#####/' for super concrete comment.
Or just end of something which are not yet opened is OK.
##[.class0#sec-Test] Section with class and id
Section can have class and id attributes. Using the id, you can refer it like <refer class="sec-Test"></refer>
.
Class and Id are asigned with [emmet style] like ##[.class0.class1.hiden#sec-Test] Section head
.
```[.lang-html]
##[.class0#sec-Test] Section with class and id
```/
## Predifined section: "PH", "RRA", "TOC"
There are three predefined sections. "PH": Posting History, "TOC": Table of Contents, "RRA": References and Related Articles. Possibly I will add more predefined sections which can be used frequently.
See the predefined sections implemented below, and you can easily figure it out how to use it.
##[.no-sec-N#sec-No-sec-numbering] No section numbering (class="no-sec-N")
To avoid section numbering, do it like this.
```[.lang-html]
##[.no-sec-N#sec-No-sec-numbering] No section numbering (class="no-sec-N")
```/
###[#subsec-No-sec-numbering] SubSection of [.no-sec-N#sec-No-sec-numbering]
```[.lang-html]
###[#subsec-No-sec-numbering] SubSection of [.no-sec-N#sec-No-sec-numbering]
```/
####[#subsubsec-No-sec-numbering] SubSubSection of [.no-sec-N#sec-No-sec-numbering]
```[.lang-html]
####[#subsubsec-No-sec-numbering] SubSubSection of [.no-sec-N#sec-No-sec-numbering]
```/
## Citing RRA and Refering HTML elements with id.
```[.linenums.lang-html]
<div class="p">
Ref. <cite class="ref-docuK"></cite>, Ref. <cite class="ref-docuKShort"></cite>.
</div>
<div class="p">
Eq. <refer class="eqq-1"></refer>, Eq. <refer class="eqq-2"></refer>.
</div>
<div class="p">
Fig. <refer class="fig-1"></refer>
</div>
<div class="p">
Code: <refer class="code-1"></refer>
</div>
<div class="p">
Sec. <refer class="sec-Test"></refer>, Sec. <refer class="sec-No-sec-numbering"></refer>, SubSec. <refer class="subsec-No-sec-numbering"></refer>, SubSubSec. <refer class="subsubsec-No-sec-numbering"></refer>
</div>
```/
Ref. , Ref. .
Eq. , Eq. .
Fig.
Code:
Sec. , Sec. , SubSec. , SubSubSec.
There are the blow HTML elments in this docuK.SEE
.
```[.linenums.lang-html]
<!-- ## RRA with ol.refs -->
<ol class="refs">
<div class="subsec"><h3>Main</h3></div>
<li id="ref-docuK"><a href="https://kipid.tistory.com/entry/HTML-docuK-format-ver-20">kipid's blog - HTML docuK format ver. 2.1</a>;<br>
// Updated regularly</li>
<li id="ref-docuKShort"><a href="https://kipid.tistory.com/entry/docuK-short-copiable-version">kipid's blog - docuK short copiable version</a>;<br>
// Updated regularly</li>
</ol>
<!-- ## eqq tag (LaTeX equations) -->
<span class="emph"><eqq id="eqq-1">
\alpha \beta = \int f(\gamma) dx \sum_i \hat{H}_i
</eqq></span>
<eqq id="eqq-2">
\begin{split}
\vec{x} &= x^{\bar{i}} \vec{e}_{\bar{i}} = x \vec{e}_x + y \vec{e}_y + z \vec{e}_z \\
&= x^{i} \vec{e}_{i} = r \vec{e}_r + \theta \vec{e}_{\theta} + \phi \vec{e}_{\phi} \\
&= x^{i'} \vec{e}_{i'} = u \vec{e}_u + v \vec{e}_v + w \vec{e}_w \\
\end{split}
</eqq>
<!-- ## figure tag (img or iframe such as youtube video) -->
<figure id="fig-1"><div class="fig">
<img delayed-src="https://blog.kakaocdn.net/dn/bfXXOe/btr2D5LJWv8/8QVkGacKxfeA04512qPFk1/img.png" alt="img with delayed-src">
<div class="caption">Caption.</div>
</div></figure>
<!-- ## div tag with span.number HTML element. (span.number is cited as a text.) -->
<div id="code-1"><span class="number">Java vertx server code example</span>
```[.scrollable.lang-java]
import org.vertx.java.platform.Verticle; // Every Java verticle must extend the class org.vertx.java.platform.Verticle. You must override the start method - this is called by Vert.x when the verticle is started.
import org.vertx.java.core.http.HttpServerRequest;
public class HelloWorldServer extends Verticle {
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Called when the verticle is deployed.
///////////////////////////////////////////////
@Override
public void start() {
/////////////////////////////////////////////
// Lambda exp with chaining.
/////////////////////////////////////////////
vertx.createHttpServer().requestHandler( (HttpServerRequest req) -> {
System.out.println("req.method(): "+req.method()); // GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS, CONNECT, TRACE, PATCH
req.response().putHeader("Content-Type","text/html");
req.response().end("
Hello World
");
req.response().close();
}).listen(1001);
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Called when the verticle is undeployed.
///////////////////////////////////////////////
@Override
public void stop(){
// do something.
}
}
```\/ // Hack to avoid closing "```" code.

```/
## PH
###/ Posting History
Posting History is put here. This section is automatically hiden.
- Posting History is put here.
- 2014-06-18: First posting.
##/ Posting History
## TOC
TOC is a self-closing section, i.e. no other texts can be put inside.
Next text will be out of TOC.
##/ Table of Contents.
Table will be automatically filled up.
## RRA
###/ References and Related Articles
Main
- kipid's blog - HTML docuK format ver. 2.1;
// Updated regularly
- kipid's blog - docuK short copiable version;
// Updated regularly
- github.com - kipid - docuK
Supported by
- jQuery.com; and jQuery - download;
// JavaScript enhancer
- MathJax.org; and MathJax Documentation - latest; and The Core Configuration Options; and The MathJax.Hub Object;
// Math renderer.
- Google Code Prettify and Getting Started;
// Code prettyfier.
API documentation
- jQuery - contents(): Get array of immediate children of element, including text nodes.
- MDN - CSS full reference; and especially Pseudo-classes is useful. Ex:
element:nth-of-type(an + b) { style properties }
element:nth-child(an + b) { style properties }
Other markdown/markup languages
- LaTeX(라텍스, 레이텍) 소개 및 설명서(Guide)들, 2014-03-24
// 다른 이런류의 편집기가 많긴 하지만, 그 기원(?)이라고 할 수 있는게 TeX/LaTeX 일듯. 그런데 이건 책이나 논문을 만드는데 목적을 두고 만들어진 것이라서 pdf 같은걸로 결과물을 주기 때문에 인터넷, IT 기기에서 사용하기에는 부적합해 보이기도.
// 그래도 문법은 차용해서 쓰기 좋음.
- wikipedia.org;
// Wikipedia uses its own markdown language.
- stackoverflow.com;
// Stack Overflow uses its own markdown language.
- GitHub/adam-p - Markdown (GitHub); and live demo page
// This might be used in GitHub wiki.
##/ References and Related Articles
## head (h2) of section
section contents
### head (h3) of subsection
contents of subsection
#### head (h4) of subsubsection
contents of subsubsection
####/ optional end of subsubsection
###/ optional end of subsection
##/ optional end of section
##[.hiden#sec-HidenSec] Initially Hiden Section
With hiden class, the section will be hiden initially.
## Raw HTML
Since learning and remembering something new takes time, this is designed to be just as simple as possible. And as what this actually do is simply renderring/making a text to the HTML format, new grammers will be minimized by adopting raw HTML grammers.
Raw HTML can be added like this. A paragraph starting with '<' will be appended without any change.
Raw text is appended as a paragraph, enclosed by <div class="p"></div>
.
This is default comment box:
<div class="cmt"></div>
.
You can put multiple paragraphs and nested htmls.
- Unordered list 1.
- Unordered list 2.
- Ordered list 1.
- Ordered list 2.
This is it.
This is default 'be careful' box: <div class="bcf"></div>
.
## Links | URLs to appropriate html
Planning to implement this.
http://www.npr.org/blogs/health/2013/12/30/258376009/how-language-seems-to-shape-ones-view-of-the-world
How Language Seems To Shape One's View Of The World
, January 02, 2014, by ALAN YU.
## Figures
## Maths or Equations
Maths or Equations can be put by using \$TeX math\$, <eq>TeX math</eq>
, and <eqq>TeX math</eqq>
.
The first two are converted to inline maths like $\alpha \beta = \int f(\gamma) dx \sum_i \hat{H}_i$. The last one is converted to outline math like
\alpha \beta = \int f(\gamma) dx \sum_i \hat{H}_i
\begin{split}
\vec{x} &= x^{\bar{i}} \vec{e}_{\bar{i}} = x \vec{e}_x + y \vec{e}_y + z \vec{e}_z \\
&= x^{i} \vec{e}_{i} = r \vec{e}_r + \theta \vec{e}_{\theta} + \phi \vec{e}_{\phi} \\
&= x^{i'} \vec{e}_{i'} = u \vec{e}_u + v \vec{e}_v + w \vec{e}_w \\
\end{split}
## Codes
Codes can be pretty-printed.
Using <pre class="prettyprint scrollable lang-java">Codes to be pretty-printed.</pre>
,
import org.vertx.java.platform.Verticle; // Every Java verticle must extend the class org.vertx.java.platform.Verticle. You must override the start method - this is called by Vert.x when the verticle is started.
import org.vertx.java.core.http.HttpServerRequest;
public class HelloWorldServer extends Verticle {
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Called when the verticle is deployed.
///////////////////////////////////////////////
@Override
public void start() {
/////////////////////////////////////////////
// Lambda exp with chaining.
/////////////////////////////////////////////
vertx.createHttpServer().requestHandler( (HttpServerRequest req) -> {
System.out.println("req.method(): "+req.method()); // GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS, CONNECT, TRACE, PATCH
req.response().putHeader("Content-Type","text/html");
req.response().end("<h1>Hello World</h1>");
req.response().close();
}).listen(1001);
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Called when the verticle is undeployed.
///////////////////////////////////////////////
@Override
public void stop(){
// do something.
}
}
Using ```Codes to be pretty-printed.```/
, or ```[Emmet style class and id attr like ".class-0.class-1#element-id"]Codes to be pretty-printed.```/
,
Java vertx server code example
```[.scrollable.lang-java]
import org.vertx.java.platform.Verticle; // Every Java verticle must extend the class org.vertx.java.platform.Verticle. You must override the start method - this is called by Vert.x when the verticle is started.
import org.vertx.java.core.http.HttpServerRequest;
public class HelloWorldServer extends Verticle {
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Called when the verticle is deployed.
///////////////////////////////////////////////
@Override
public void start() {
/////////////////////////////////////////////
// Lambda exp with chaining.
/////////////////////////////////////////////
vertx.createHttpServer().requestHandler( (HttpServerRequest req) -> {
System.out.println("req.method(): "+req.method()); // GET, PUT, POST, DELETE, HEAD, OPTIONS, CONNECT, TRACE, PATCH
req.response().putHeader("Content-Type","text/html");
req.response().end("
Hello World
");
req.response().close();
}).listen(1001);
}
///////////////////////////////////////////////
// Called when the verticle is undeployed.
///////////////////////////////////////////////
@Override
public void stop(){
// do something.
}
}
```/
## New Section
"```/" 로 끝나면 에러남 ㅡ,.ㅡ;;; 귀찮네 해결하기.


---
layout: post
title: Vector illustration
date: '2014-12-14T07:30:21+01:00'
categories:
- Illustration
- Ello Mobile
picture_url: https://film-Storyboards.tumblr.com/post/105172320139/vector-Illustration-for-an-ello-mobiles
---
Vector Illustration for an Ello Mobile’s newsletter.


|
PWG |
IEEE P1284.4 February 24-25
PWG 1394 February 26
Embassy Suites
Orlando Plaza International
8250 Jamaican Court
Orlando, Florida 32819
Ph. 1-407-345-8250
Fax 1-407-352-1463
Rooms: $140.00 per night, includes breakfast
Reservations: 1-800-327-9797
Cutoff date: 7 February 1997
BE SURE TO ASK FOR THE IEEE OR THE WARP NINE GROUP.
Meetings: 8:30AM to 6:00PM
The meeting charge is TBD ($35-$45 per meeting day).
The charge includes all meeting room expenses, AV charges and break charges.
All attendees are responsible for making their own hotel reservations.


Mapping reads to ASVs¶
Introduction¶
Finding all exact copies of a single ASV in a dataset of reads is relatively straightforward, and there are tools available to automatically count up the copies and generate a nice table. However, as we discarded a lot of unique sequences as likely erroneous through our filtering pipeline, a lot of reads will not be assigned to an ASV. If we are being strict, this is absolutely fine, as these reads are after all probably erroneous. However, these errors likely represent an erroneous version of a true ASV, and thus their presence in a sample may be meaningful as long as we can accurately assign them to the correct ASV - of course, therein lies the problem. In this subsection, we will first perform a strict assignment of reads to our ASVs, generating a tabular record of ASV occurence by sample. We will then review a slightly less strict alternative.
Data and software
The input data for this tutorial is two FASTA files, one containing all reads in your dataset and one comprising just filtered unique sequences (ASVs). If you’re following along step-by-step, these were produced in the quality filtering and at the end of the filtering section respectively. Alternatively, the files 4_mbc_concat.fasta
(reads) and 9_mbc_final.fasta
(ASVs) within the sectionC archive can be used as example data.
This tutorial uses the VSEARCH software.
Reads data¶
It is very important that the FASTA of read sequences contains a record of which sample each read came from, in the form of a ;sample=XXX
tag in the header lines of the FASTA. For example:
>readsequence1;sample=sample1 ATAGCATGACGCCGATAGCGATGA >readsequence2;sample=sample1 CGATGACCCCGACCGATACTAGCG >readsequence3;sample=sample2 ACGCCACGCAGTAGCAGACGACGA
The read names themselves (readsequenceN
in the example) are irrelevant, and the sample names can be any string as long as it doesn’t contain ;
or =
and is unique for each unique sample. Note that there can be a ;
after the sample name. See the Data concatenation tutorial for more information.
Strict mapping¶
This process is conceptually straightforward: we search the reads FASTA against the ASVs looking for exact matches, and then for each exact match check the sample that read came from and tally the number of reads for each sample for each ASV. This is all done in a single step using a specific output format within the VSEARCH --search_exact
command, as follows. Make sure you use your real file names!
vsearch --search_exact reads.fasta -db asvs.fasta -otutabout output.tsv
VSEARCH will print a record of how many reads found a match. The .tsv
file extension just reminds you that the output is a Tab Separated Variables file, but this is just a specific layout of plain text so like all of our other files we can view it on the command line using cat
or more
. However, it may have very long rows and thus be too messy to make sense. You can view a subset of it using the following command:
head -10 input.tsv | cut -f1-10
This command shows the first 10 lines of the file, and then the first ten tab-separated columns (of course, these include the row and column headings so it’s only 9 rows/columns of data). Note that tab is the default delimiter for cut
- if we had a Comma Separated Variables, or .csv
file, we’d need to use cut -d,
Note that the file will say OTU ID:
in the first cell, obviously here we actually have ASVs but it doesn’t know this.
exercise
- Use
wc -l
to print the number of rows of this file. Does this match the number of ASVs you expect? Obviously there’ll be a difference of 1 to account for the column header row. - Download this file to your computer and open it in spreadsheet software or R.
- Sum up the number of reads mapped for some different samples. Is it consistent?
You will have observed that a substantial proportion of all of your reads were not mapped at all, as expected. If we want to try and assign these reads to ASVs, we can try to map less strictly.
Less strict mapping¶
The process here is almost identical to the above, except we allow matches of less than 100%. We are using VSEARCH again, because we know that when multiple matches are found for a query (read) in our database (ASVs), it will select the closest match (by similarity). You could do a similar process using BLAST or any other sequence matching algorithm, but now that we permit non-exact matches, there will be cases where a read matches multiple ASVs and you must be very very confident that the program you use selects 1. one and only one match for each read and 2. the best match for each read. For example, BLAST using -max_target_seqs
does not necessarily select the best match, just the first one [1].
Warning
If you choose to use this method you should be aware that while it will give you more reads per ASV overall, using non-exact matches has a higher probability of generating incorrect matches, i.e. reporting a read for an ASV in a sample that is not correct. If this is the first step of read mapping for OTUs, this is less of an issue because two very similar ASVs are likely to be grouped into the same OTU anyway, but when working with ASVs only, then these errors could impact the validity of later analyses.
The following command matches reads to ASVs with 99.5% similarity. Over a 418 bp amplicon as we are using in our example dataset, this allows for 2 differences between read and ASV. Remember that our reads aren’t length-filtered, so these differences could be insertions or deletions as well as point differences.
vsearch --usearch_global reads.fasta -db asvs.fasta -id 0.995 -otutabout output.tsv
You should see an increase in the number of reads mapped using this method compared with the strict mapping above.
Exercise
- Try varying the
-id
value. What level do you need to go to to map all of your reads? Is this at all sensible? Why not? - If you want to understand more about how this search is being performed, replace
--otutabout output.tsv
with--uc output.uc
. - Examine the
.uc
file usingmore
. This is a report of all of all of the matches.
We would not recommend using this for studies looking at ASVs only, and if it must be employed then use a similarity value of at least 99% if not more. If working with OTUs, then you may be a little more relaxed, but the similarity value should never exceed approximately equivalent to the similarity value used in OTU clustering, and as a rough rule of thumb should probably be less than half of this value. I.e. if you performed 97% greedy clustering, the similarity value for your read mapping should probably be 98.5% or above.
Next steps¶
For working at the ASV level, the .tsv
table you have produced is ready to be used in downstream analyses, although we would recommend some further filtering which we discuss in the Analysing read tables tutorial. You may want to learn about building a phylogeny of your ASVs in the Building OTU phylogeny section, or taxonomically identifying and/or classifying your ASVs in the Identifying OTU sequences section.
For working at the OTU level, we cover how to reduce this ASV-level table you’ve produce to OTU level in the next subsection: Mapping reads to OTUs.
| [1] | Nidhi Shah, Michael G Nute, Tandy Warnow, Mihai Pop, Misunderstood parameter of NCBI BLAST impacts the correctness of bioinformatics workflows, Bioinformatics, Volume 35, Issue 9, 1 May 2019, Pages 1613–1614, https://doi.org/10.1093/bioinformatics/bty833 |


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Masonry-like Polymer Element for sortable tiles that packs efficiently without changing HTML structure (changes CSS only).
Item 0, 1x1, priority 0, nested
Item 4..
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Public subclasses of {@link galois.runtime.wl.Worklist} are intended to be the class arguments to the {@link galois.runtime.wl.Priority#first(Class, Object...)}, {@link galois.runtime.wl.Priority.Rule#then(Class, Object...)}, and {@link galois.runtime.wl.Priority.Rule#thenLocally(Class, Object...)} methods. @see galois.runtime.wl.Priority


--- title: Christmas 2013 date: '2013-01-11' description: 2013 Christmas Letter categories: Christmas ---
Join our merry (in olden days, merry meant “loud and numerous” and was not intended to be pleasant) band on their quest to new lands. Tis true, the Goodrich Clan has migrated north to the Urban Lands of Charlotte. The reasons for this quest are myriad.
Some of you may be wondering why this is so late. All of the answers you seek are here.
Glenn, once thought of as the leader of this band, has been relegated to eccentric and inconsequential mage. He continues to spin spells of code and geekery while utilizing new modes of transport that match their new location.
read more...Jill is the the ringbearer of the quest to move, and the reason the quest exists at all. She must conquer the many trevails of Going Back to Work and toss the Ring of Housewives into the Molten Pit of Employment or all is lost.
read more...Logan is a wizard in training, currently focused on casting the Uncool Spell where he sees the need (which is in a lot of places). Find out if Logan can slay the Dragon of oncoming teen hormones or if Minecraft consumes him entirely.
read more...Emma climbs the road to Gymnastics Point, cartwheeling her way to happiness. There are trials along the path, however, consisting of the Eye Surgery of Raleigh Forest and the Contacts of Strength. Learn if Emma can team up with the Cat People and triumph.
read more...Lily, the famed fairy, has come into some new fairy dust that renders adults immobile while she "entertains" them with an interpretive dance. Neither scooters, boys, or soccer players are safe from Lily's new dancing skills. Read on...
read more...Little and loud, Becca projects her voice all over the land. From her newly found reading abilities to her ability to accost total strangers, the family dwarf makes sure that the clan doesn't sneak up on anyone.
read more...The animals of the clan have been transformed by the quest. Zoe, once obedient and loyal, has become a incessent food burgler. Sklyar was not a fan of the quest, disappearing for 2 weeks once the family reach their destination (really). The crooked necked feline did eventually reappear
The clan hopes all your quests in 2013 were successful, and that your holiday season was your best yet. If you are up for a quest of your own, head to the Goodrichs' new lands and pay them a visit. Follow the sound of Becca's voice....


I served as the Media and Marketing intern at UIC Inc - a company that researches, manufactures, and sells systems that analyze carbon and sulfur levels in various materials. I established an online presence for the company, including social media, and worked mostly on generating digital media content.
Notable projects include:
Promotional Video
I edited this promotional video for UIC Inc to use in social media marketing.
Interactive Marketing Funnel
I designed a couple “Click Funnels” interactives to market on social media and funnel potential customers to a product catalog and sales page.


the title
Instructions Type the mode and press [Enter] cypher hackertext binary decimal hexadecimal press [F1] to help


Recently I was looking for a new mouse to replace my Apple Magic Mouse since for some crazy reason it just doesn’t want to work on my System76 Bonobo Extreme (I went back to Linux), despite the fact that almost every person on the internet says it does. After searching for a while (2 months) I thought the best option was the Logitech Wireless Anywhere Mouse MX, so I ordered one.
I’ve been using it for 3 days now and I gotta say, it’s a perfect mouse, the weight is great (about the same as the Magic Mouse), the scrolling wheel is ok, and it has two customizable buttons (I use them to change tabs in my text editor while I’m coding), the only complaint that I have is the fact that Logitech took a huge effort to come up with the most obnoxious name they could come up with for a mouse.
Some people may hate the fact that it doesn’t use Bluetooth, which means you have to carry that little USB receiver with it, but the good thing is that there is place to put it in the battery compartment so you won’t loose it, personally I don’t care about wireless mouses that use the separate receiver.
Another great thing about it: It comes with a nice pouch to carry it in your backpack and protect it from scratches.
In a nutshell, it’s a great mouse and if you’re looking for one you should definitely take it into consideration.


Sevaral metadata is associated with the document and theree exist a proper way to manage the metadata associated with the resources
Returns the address of the Document from which the user navigated to this one, unless it was blocked or there was no such document, in which case it returns the empty string.
Returns the HTTP cookies that apply to the Document. If there are no cookies or cookies can't be applied to this resource, the empty string will be returned.
Can be set, to add a new cookie to the element's set of HTTP cookies.
The cookie attribute represents the cookies of the resource identified by the document's address.
Returns the date of the last modification to the document, as reported by the server, in the form "MM/DD/YYYY hh:mm:ss", in the user's local time zone.
If the last modification date is not known, the current time is returned instead.
The Document's source file's last modification date and time must be derived from relevant features of the networking protocols used, e.g. from the value of the HTTP `Last-Modified` header of the document, or from metadata in the file system for local files. If the last modification date and time are not known, the attribute must return the current date and time in the above format.
Returns "loading" while the Document is loading, "interactive" once it is finished parsing but still loading sub-resources, and "complete" once it has loaded.
The readystatechange event fires on the Document object when this value changes.
Each document has a current document readiness. When a Document object is created, it must have its current document readiness set to the string "loading" if the document is associated with an HTML parser, an XML parser, or an XSLT processor, and to the string "complete" otherwise. Various algorithms during page loading affect this value. When the value is set, the user agent must fire a simple event named readystatechange at the Document object.


--- layout: post title: Securing Your Synology DSM with VPN date: '2014-08-28T15:46:00-07:00' tags: - hacking - synology - security - synolocker - vpn bigimg: /tumblr_files/tumblr_inline_nn71pftEjL1rkukje_540.png tumblr_url: https://nils.schimmelmann.us/post/96034696012/securing-your-synology-dsm-with-vpn ---
Bugs and exploits are a natural part of this world. The Synolocker ransomware was recently running rampant and hacking into Synology devices running DSM 4.3 and below. It did this by identifying your device if ports 5000 or 5001 were exposed and then exploiting a bug to implant itself.
The only fool-proof solution to preventing being exploited permanently is to be paranoid. Shut down all unnecessary Synology services and never expose any ports to the web. This is far from a convenient solution though. For example, I still want to share access to my Synology device because it hosts a few websites for my family. This required me to find a good balance between security and availability.
I decided that the best way to do this was to install the Synology VPN service and use a L2TP/IPSec VPN. I would only expose ports 80, 443 for web serving and ports 1701, 500, and 4500 for VPN. The following tutorial was very helpful:
https://www.synology.com/en-global/knowledgebase/DSM/help/VPNCenter/vpn_setup
After a client connects to the VPN they should be able to access ports 5000 and 5001 because they were underneath my firewall. Better yet, all traffic between the client and the Synology device will be encrypted.
Edit: If you’re interested in adding HTTPS to your Synology please take a look at this post.


SqliteDBFacade
for users请参阅: 说明
| 接口 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| DBAccessTemplate.IDBAccessLogic<T> |
DB Accessing logic
|
| DBAutoUpgradeAdapter |
The adapter of auto-upgrade tables
It should be implemented by the user's facade if the user want to the framework check the table's alteration and upgrade the tables automatically while DB upgrades, otherwise user must implement the SqliteDBFacade.onUpgrade(SQLiteDatabase, int, int) for upgrading
logic. |
| ValueConvertor |
Convert between Java value and DB value
|
| 类 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| ContentValuesBuilder | |
| DBAccessTemplate |
DB Accessing template
Extract some common codes for accessing DB, such as will call android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase#beginTransaction() when begin
to access table, will call
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase#setTransactionSuccessful()
after accessing successfully, and will call
android.database.sqlite.SQLiteDatabase#endTransaction() to end the
logic. |
| QueryAidParameter |
Aid parameter
Including group by, order by, having, limit, distinct and so on |
| SqliteDBFacade |
SQLite DB Accessed Facade, called by application code.
|
| 枚举 | 说明 |
|---|---|
| SqliteDataType |
Data type supported by SQLite DB
Including: NULL,INTEGER,REAL,TEXT,BLOB |
SqliteDBFacade
for users


We've seen that the difficulty in dealing with concurrent processes is rooted in the need to consider the interleaving of the order of events in the different processes. For example, suppose we have two processes, one with three ordered events $(a,b,c)$ and one with three ordered events $(x,y,z)$. If the two processes run concurrently, with no constraints on how their execution is interleaved, then there are 20 different possible orderings for the events that are consistent with the individual orderings for the two processes: \[ \begin{array}{cccc} (a,b,c,x,y,z) & (a,x,b,y,c,z) & (x,a,b,c,y,z) & (x,a,y,z,b,c)\\ (a,b,x,c,y,z) & (a,x,b,y,z,c) & (x,a,b,y,c,z) & (x,y,a,b,c,z)\\ (a,b,x,y,c,z) & (a,x,y,b,c,z) & (x,a,b,y,z,c) & (x,y,a,b,z,c)\\ (a,b,x,y,z,c) & (a,x,y,b,z,c) & (x,a,y,b,c,z) & (x,y,a,z,b,c)\\ (a,x,b,c,y,z) & (a,x,y,z,b,c) & (x,a,y,b,z,c) & (x,y,z,a,b,c) \end{array} \] As programmers designing this system, we would have to consider the effects of each of these 20 orderings and check that each behavior is acceptable. Such an approach rapidly becomes unwieldy as the numbers of processes and events increase.
A more practical approach to the design of concurrent systems is to devise general mechanisms that allow us to constrain the interleaving of concurrent processes so that we can be sure that the program behavior is correct. Many mechanisms have been developed for this purpose. In this section, we describe one of them, the serializer.
Serialization implements the following idea: Processes will execute concurrently, but there will be certain collections of functions that cannot be executed concurrently. More precisely, serialization creates distinguished sets of functions such that only one execution of a function in each serialized set is permitted to happen at a time. If some function in the set is being executed, then a process that attempts to execute any function in the set will be forced to wait until the first execution has finished.
We can use serialization to control access to shared variables. For example, if we want to update a shared variable based on the previous value of that variable, we put the access to the previous value of the variable and the assignment of the new value to the variable in the same function. We then ensure that no other function that assigns to the variable can run concurrently with this function by serializing all of these functions with the same serializer. This guarantees that the value of the variable cannot be changed between an access and the corresponding assignment.
To make the above mechanism more concrete, suppose that we have extended JavaScript to include a function called parallel_execute: parallel_execute( f$_{1}$, f$_{2}$, $\ldots$, f$_{k}$ )
Each f must be a function of no arguments. The function parallel_execute creates a separate process for each f, which applies f (to no arguments). These processes all run concurrently.[1]
As an example of how this is used, consider
let x = 10; parallel_execute( () => { x = x * x; }, () => { x = x + 1; } );
This creates two concurrent processes—$P_1$, which sets x to x times x, and $P_2$, which increments x. After execution is complete, x will be left with one of five possible values, depending on the interleaving of the events of $P_1$ and $P_2$:
We can constrain the concurrency by using serialized functions, which are created by serializers. Serializers are constructed by make_serializer, whose implementation is given below. A serializer takes a function as argument and returns a serialized function that behaves like the original function. All calls to a given serializer return serialized functions in the same set.
Thus, in contrast to the example above, executing
let x = 10; const s = make_serializer(); parallel_execute(s( () => { x = x * x; }), s( () => { x = x + 1; } ));
Here is a version of the make_account function from section \ref{sec:local-state-variables}, where the deposits and withdrawals have been serialized:
function make_account(balance) { function withdraw(amount) { if (balance > amount) { balance = balance - amount; return balance; } else { return "Insufficient funds"; } } function deposit(amount) { balance = balance + amount; return balance; } const protector = make_serializer(); function dispatch(m) { return m === "withdraw" ? protector(withdraw) : m === "deposit" ? protector(deposit) : m === "balance" ? balance : Error("Unknown request in make_account", m); } return dispatch; }
With this implementation, two processes cannot be withdrawing from or depositing into a single account concurrently. This eliminates the source of the error illustrated in figure \ref{fig:bank-access}, where Peter changes the account balance between the times when Paul accesses the balance to compute the new value and when Paul actually performs the assignment. On the other hand, each account has its own serializer, so that deposits and withdrawals for different accounts can proceed concurrently.
let x = 10; const s = make_serializer(); parallel_execute( () => { x = s( () => x * x ); }, s( () => { x = x + 1; } ) );
let x = 10; parallel_execute( () => { x = x * x; }, () => { x = x * x * x; } );
let x = 10; const s = make_serializer(); parallel_execute( s( () => x = x * x ) , s( () => x = x * x * x ) )
function make_account(balance) { function withdraw(amount) { if (balance > amount) { balance = balance - amount; return balance; } else { return "Insufficient funds"; } } function deposit(amount) { balance = balance + amount; return balance; } const protected_ = make_serializer(); function dispatch(m) { return m === "withdraw" ? protected_(withdraw) : m === "deposit" ? protected_(deposit) : m === "balance" ? protected_( () => balance )() // serialized : error("Unknown request in make_account", m); } } return dispatch; }
function make_account(balance) { function withdraw(amount) { if (balance > amount) { balance = balance - amount; return balance; } else { return "Insufficient funds"; } } function deposit(amount) { balance = balance + amount; return balance; } const protected_ = make_serializer(); const protected_withdraw = protected_(withdraw); const protected_deposit = protected_(deposit); function dispatch(m) { return m === "withdraw" ? protected_withdraw : m === "deposit" ? protected_deposit : m === "balance" ? balance : error("Unknown request in make_account", m); } return dispatch; }
Serializers provide a powerful abstraction that helps isolate the complexities of concurrent programs so that they can be dealt with carefully and (hopefully) correctly. However, while using serializers is relatively straightforward when there is only a single shared resource (such as a single bank account), concurrent programming can be treacherously difficult when there are multiple shared resources.
To illustrate one of the difficulties that can arise, suppose we wish to swap the balances in two bank accounts. We access each account to find the balance, compute the difference between the balances, withdraw this difference from one account, and deposit it in the other account. We could implement this as follows:[2]
function exchange(account1, account2) { const difference = account1("balance") - account2("balance"); account1("withdraw")(difference); account2("deposit")(difference); }
This function works well when only a single process is trying to do the exchange. Suppose, however, that Peter and Paul both have access to accounts $a_1$, $a_2$, and $a_3$, and that Peter exchanges $a_1$ and $a_2$ while Paul concurrently exchanges $a_1$ and $a_3$. Even with account deposits and withdrawals serialized for individual accounts (as in the make_account function shown above in this section), exchange can still produce incorrect results. For example, Peter might compute the difference in the balances for $a_1$ and $a_2$, but then Paul might change the balance in $a_1$ before Peter is able to complete the exchange.[3] For correct behavior, we must arrange for the exchange function to lock out any other concurrent accesses to the accounts during the entire time of the exchange.
One way we can accomplish this is by using both accounts' serializers to serialize the entire exchange function. To do this, we will arrange for access to an account's serializer. Note that we are deliberately breaking the modularity of the bank-account object by exposing the serializer. The following version of make_account is identical to the original version given in Section \ref{sec:local-state-variables}, except that a serializer is provided to protect the balance variable, and the serializer is exported via message passing:
function make_account_and_serializer(balance) { function withdraw(amount) { if (balance > amount) { balance = balance - amount; } else { "Insufficient funds"; } } function deposit(amount) { balance = balance + amount; return balance; } const balance_serializer = make_serializer(); function dispatch(m) { if (m === "withdraw") { return withdraw; } else if (m === "deposit") { return deposit; } else if (m === "balance") { return balance; } else if (m === "serializer") { return balance_serializer; } else { return "Unknown request - - MAKE-ACCOUNT"; } } return dispatch; }
We can use this to do serialized deposits and withdrawals. However, unlike our earlier serialized account, it is now the responsibility of each user of bank-account objects to explicitly manage the serialization, for example as follows:[4]
function deposit(account, amount) { const s = account("serializer"); const d = account("deposit"); s(d(amount)); }
Exporting the serializer in this way gives us enough flexibility to implement a serialized exchange program. We simply serialize the original exchange function with the serializers for both accounts:
function serialized_exchange(account1, account2) { const serializer1 = account1("serializer"); const serializer2 = account2("serializer"); serializer1(serializer2(exchange))(account1, account2); }
function transfer(from_account, to_account, amount) { from_account("withdraw")(amount); to_account("deposit")(amount); }
function make_account_and_serializer(balance) { function withdraw(amount) { if (balance > amount) { balance = balance - amount; } else { "Insufficient funds"; } } function deposit(amount) { balance = balance + amount; return balance; } const balance_serializer = make_serializer(); function dispatch(m) { return m === "withdraw" ? balance_serializer(withdraw) : m === "deposit" ? balance_serializer(deposit) : m === "balance" ? balance : m === "serializer" ? balance_serializer : error("Unknown request in make_account", m); } return dispatch; }
function deposit(account, amount) { account("deposit")(amount); }
We implement serializers in terms of a more primitive synchronization mechanism called a mutex. A mutex is an object that supports two operations—the mutex can be acquired, and the mutex can be released. Once a mutex has been acquired, no other acquire operations on that mutex may proceed until the mutex is released.[5] In our implementation, each serializer has an associated mutex. Given a function p, the serializer returns a function that acquires the mutex, runs p, and then releases the mutex. This ensures that only one of the functions produced by the serializer can be running at once, which is precisely the serialization property that we need to guarantee.
function make_serializer() { const mutex = make_mutex(); return p => { function serialized_p(args) { mutex("acquire"); const val = p(args); mutex("release"); return val; } return serialized_p; }; }
The mutex is a mutable object (here we'll use a one-element list, which we'll refer to as a cell) that can hold the value true or false. When the value is false, the mutex is available to be acquired. When the value is true, the mutex is unavailable, and any process that attempts to acquire the mutex must wait.
Our mutex constructor make_mutex begins by initializing the cell contents to false. To acquire the mutex, we test the cell. If the mutex is available, we set the cell contents to true and proceed. Otherwise, we wait in a loop, attempting to acquire over and over again, until we find that the mutex is available.[6] To release the mutex, we set the cell contents to false.
function make_mutex() { const cell = list(false); function the_mutex(m) { return m === "aquire" ? ( test_and_set(cell) ? the_mutex("aquire") // retry : true ) : m === "release" ? clear(cell) : error("Unknown request in mutex", m); } return the_mutex; } function clear(cell) { set_head(cell, false); }
The function test_and_set tests the cell and returns the result of the test. In addition, if the test was false, test_and_set sets the cell contents to true before returning false. We can express this behavior as the following function:
function test_and_set(cell) { if (head(cell)) { return true; } else { set_head(cell, true); return false; } }
However, this implementation of test_and_set does not suffice as it stands. There is a crucial subtlety here, which is the essential place where concurrency control enters the system: The test_and_set operation must be performed atomically. That is, we must guarantee that, once a process has tested the cell and found it to be false, the cell contents will actually be set to true before any other process can test the cell. If we do not make this guarantee, then the mutex can fail in a way similar to the bank-account failure in Figure \ref{fig:bank-access}. (See exercise \ref{ex:atomic-test-and-set}.)
The actual implementation of test_and_set depends on the details of how our system runs concurrent processes. For example, we might be executing concurrent processes on a sequential processor using a time-slicing mechanism that cycles through the processes, permitting each process to run for a short time before interrupting it and moving on to the next process. In that case, test_and_set can work by disabling time slicing during the testing and setting. Alternatively, multiprocessing computers provide instructions that support atomic operations directly in hardware.[7]
Now that we have seen how to implement serializers, we can see that account exchanging still has a problem, even with the serialized_exchange function above. Imagine that Peter attempts to exchange $a_1$ with $a_2$ while Paul concurrently attempts to exchange $a_2$ with $a_1$. Suppose that Peter's process reaches the point where it has entered a serialized function protecting $a_1$ and, just after that, Paul's process enters a serialized function protecting $a_2$. Now Peter cannot proceed (to enter a serialized function protecting $a_2$) until Paul exits the serialized function protecting $a_2$. Similarly, Paul cannot proceed until Peter exits the serialized function protecting $a_1$. Each process is stalled forever, waiting for the other. This situation is called a deadlock. Deadlock is always a danger in systems that provide concurrent access to multiple shared resources.
One way to avoid the deadlock in this situation is to give each account a unique identification number and rewrite serialized_exchange so that a process will always attempt to enter a function protecting the lowest-numbered account first. Although this method works well for the exchange problem, there are other situations that require more sophisticated deadlock-avoidance techniques, or where deadlock cannot be avoided at all. (See exercises \ref{ex:deadlock-avoid} and \ref{ex:deadlock-cannot-avoid}.)[8]
We've seen how programming concurrent systems requires controlling the
ordering of events when different processes access shared
state, and we've seen how to achieve this control through judicious
use of serializers. But the problems of concurrency
lie deeper than this, because, from a fundamental point of view, it's
not always clear what is meant by shared state.
Mechanisms such as test_and_set require processes to examine a global shared flag at arbitrary times. This is problematic and inefficient to implement in modern high-speed processors, where due to optimization techniques such as pipelining and cached memory, the contents of memory may not be in a consistent state at every instant. In contemporary multiprocessing systems, therefore, the serializer paradigm is being supplanted by new approaches to concurrency control.[9]
The problematic aspects of shared state also arise
in large, distributed systems. For
instance, imagine a
distributed banking system where individual branch banks maintain
local values for bank balances and periodically compare these with
values maintained by other branches. In such a system the value of
the account balance
would be undetermined, except right after
synchronization.
If Peter deposits money in an account he holds
jointly with Paul, when should we say that the account balance has
changed—when the balance in the local branch changes, or not until
after the synchronization?
And if Paul accesses the account from a
different branch, what are the reasonable constraints to place on the
banking system such that the behavior is correct
?
The only thing that might matter for
correctness is the behavior observed by Peter and Paul individually
and the state
of the account immediately after synchronization.
Questions about the
real
account balance or the order of events between
synchronizations may be irrelevant or meaningless.[10]
The basic phenomenon here is that synchronizing different processes, establishing shared state, or imposing an order on events requires communication among the processes. In essence, any notion of time in concurrency control must be intimately tied to communication.[11] It is intriguing that a similar connection between time and communication also arises in the Theory of Relativity, where the speed of light (the fastest signal that can be used to synchronize events) is a fundamental constant relating time and space. The complexities we encounter in dealing with time and state in our computational models may in fact mirror a fundamental complexity of the physical universe.
mutexis an abbreviation for mutual exclusion. The general problem of arranging a mechanism that permits concurrent processes to safely share resources is called the mutual exclusion problem. Our mutex is a simple variant of the semaphore mechanism (see exercise \ref{ex:semaphore}), which was introduced in the
THEMultiprogramming System developed at the Technological University of Eindhoven and named for the university's initials in Dutch (
busy-waitingas above. Instead, the system schedules another process to run while the first is waiting, and the blocked process is awakened when the mutex becomes available.
back outof the deadlocked state and try again. Deadlock-recovery mechanisms are widely used in database management systems, a topic that is treated in detail in
barriers) through which no process can proceed until all the processes have reached the barrier. Modern processors provide machine instructions that permit programmers to establish synchronization points at places where consistency is required. The PowerPC$^{\textrm{TM}}$, for example, includes for this purpose two instructions called SYNC and EIEIO (Enforced In-order Execution of Input/Output).
global clocksthat can be used to establish orderings on events in distributed systems.


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Guidance
Training opportunities and funding for your graduate employees to gain early years teacher status.
This information is for early years employers. If you’re interested in applying for early years ITT , visit the Get into Teaching website , or contact one of our early years accredited ITT providers .
Providing children with good quality education and care in their earliest years can help them succeed at school and later in life. Early years teachers are specialists in early childhood development, trained to deliver the early years foundation stage for children from birth to five.
To become an early years teacher a trainee has to complete an early years ITT course. This training provides opportunities to gain practical skills and underpinning theoretical knowledge to demonstrate the Teachers’ Standards (Early Years) . Successful completion of the training leads to the award of early years teacher status.
Funding is available to train graduates already employed in an early years setting. Training providers receive the funding and retain the course fee. The remaining funding is given to you to cover some of your costs in supporting the trainee employed by you to complete their course. For instance, supply costs or salary enhancement.
Read the early years initial teacher training funding guide and the routes into early years ITT for further information.
If you have a graduate employed in your early years setting, encourage them to apply. They can apply directly to an early years ITT provider offering the graduate employment based route for September 2017.
The following research reports show that the quality of provision is higher when early years practice is led by specially trained graduates:
If you have any questions, please use our contact us form .
Published: 26 March 2015
Updated: 18 December 2015