---
layout: default
title: Rust Mock Shootout!
---
Rust Mock Shootout!
Rust has several different mocking libraries. None is clearly superior to all
of the others. This project compares their feature sets, using an
apples-to-apples approach. Each of several dozen features is implemented with
multiple mocking libraries, if possible. The test results then show which
features work with which library.
The Contenders
- Mockers
- This is the oldest library in our shootout. Inspired by
GoogleMock, it has an elegant syntax, powerful sequence matching, and a rich
variety of helper methods. It works on stable Rust, though generic methods
require nightly.
- Mock_Derive
- This was the first Rust mocking library that supported
automatically derive
ing the Mock object from the target trait. That saves a
lot of typing! Mock_Derive is still very easy to use, though it lacks any
ability to validate method arguments. It also can’t work with generic traits,
traits with generic methods, traits defined in external crates, or multiple
traits (like T: A + B
). However, it does have a few rare features, like the
ability to mock foreign free functions, or traits with static methods.
Unfortunately, it’s maintenance has fallen behind and it no longer compiles on
recent toolchains.
- Galvanic-mock
- This is part of a suite of testing libraries. Along with
galvanic-test and galvanic-assert, it provides a comprehensive set of testing
functionality for Rust programs. Galvanic-mock itself takes a behavior-driven
approach to testing. It tries to separate the specification from what a mock
does, from how that mock is expected to be used. It’s a good all-around
library: good feature set, good documentation, good ergonomics.
- Pseudo
- All of the previous libraries had one thing in common: they all
require the nightly compiler. That allows them to do some pretty cool stuff,
like tweak the language’s syntax, but it’s also inherently unstable. No code
that relies on nightly can be guaranteed to work with future compilers. Pseudo
is different. It eschews nightly-dependent features like derive
so that it
can work on stable Rust. Unfortunately, that also makes it pretty verbose.
- Double
- Like Pseudo, Double runs on stable Rust. However, it uses a few
macros to reduce the verbosity. The feature set is pretty similar. In fact,
the entire API is eerily similar. I think one of these crates must’ve copied
from the other (perhaps they both did).
- Simulacrum
- This is a bit of a different beast. Whereas other mock
libraries try to provide a clean API, Simulacrum actually provides 3 different
APIs. That can be confusing at first, but the result is great power. Unusual
requirements, impossible to meet with the highest-level and most conveient API,
can be satisfied (at greater effort) with the lower-level APIs. Simulacrum also
runs on stable Rust, and manages to do it with less verbosity than Double.
Optional, nightly-dependent, support for derive
is a work-in-progress.
- Mock-it
- Mock-it is Rust’s newest mocking library, and probably its
simplest. Its chief advantage is that its simplicity allows it to run on stable
Rust, though that’s fast becoming a less unique feature. However, the lack of a
high-level API also gives Mock-it some of the power of Simulacrum; it can mock a
struct
, for example. Overall, Mock-it has few practical advantages, but it’s
a good starting point for someone looking to build something bigger.
- Mocktopus
- Mocktopus is a bit of a different beast. Whereas every other
library focuses on mocking trait
s, Mocktopus focuses on free functions. In
fact, the only way that it can mock a trait
is by manually creating an
implementation of that trait
, and then mocking every single function.
Mocktopus also has only the most rudimentary support for expectations. Its
advantages are that it requires very little boiler plate, it can mock struct
s and free functions, and it handles generic functions well.
- Mockiato
- A fairly new library. The syntax is simple and terse, but it has
few distinct features.
- Mockall
- Mockall is the newest contender. It aims to have the best feature
set of all of the above libraries, with the most ergonomic interface. It
runs on stable Rust, and uses no unsafe
code at all. I wrote it myself,
after writing this shootout and being unsatisfied with all of the other
libraries.
Features
I evaluated about three dozen features evaluated for each library. The first
group are the essential features. These determine the library’s overall
capabilities. While they may not be important to all users, they’re considered
“essential” because a user can’t implement any of these if the library doesn’t
intrinsically support them.
The second group are the convenience features. These are features that a user
can implement in terms of other essential features, for example, “Match
constant” can be implemented by matching with a method). The lack of any of
these features shouldn’t preclude the use of a certain library, but may cause
some annoyance.
The third group of “features” are really more informational in nature:
Feature Matrix
|
Double |
Galvanic-mock |
Mock-it |
Mockall |
Mockers |
Mockiato |
Mocktopus |
Pseudo |
Simulacrum |
| Essential Features |
| Associated types |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Checkpoints |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Closures |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
no |
| Reference parameters |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
| Consume parameters |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
| Consume self |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
| Doctest |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
| External traits |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Foreign |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
| Generic methods |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
| Generic methods with lifetime parameters |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
| Generic return |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
| Generic structs |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
| Generic traits |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
| Inherited traits |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Match function |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
| Structs |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
| Traits |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Multiple traits |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Return call with args |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
| Return reference |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
| Return mutable reference |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
no |
| Return owned |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
| Return parameters |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
| Send |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
no |
| Sequence |
single method |
no |
no |
multi object |
multi object |
single method |
no |
single method |
multi method |
| Static methods |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
| Times range |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
| Where clauses |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
no |
| Convenience Features |
| Derive |
no |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
| Fallback |
no |
no |
no |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
| Impl Trait |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
no |
| Match combinations |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
| Match constant |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Match operator |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
| Match pattern |
no |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
| Match range |
no |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
no |
| Match wildcard |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Mock modules |
no |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
| Return a constant |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
no |
| Return default |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
no |
| Return panic |
no |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
no |
| Times once |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
| Times any |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
no |
yes |
| Times n |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Times never |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
yes |
no |
yes |
yes |
| Other |
| Maximum arguments |
12 |
≥ 16 |
12 |
≥ 16 |
4 |
≥ 16 |
≥ 16 |
12 |
9 |
| Rustc |
stable |
nightly |
stable |
stable |
stable |
stable |
nightly |
stable |
stable |
| First release |
Dec-12-2017 |
Aug-13-2017 |
Mar-11-2018 |
Jul-3-2019 |
Apr-6-2016 |
Feb-11-2019 |
Sep-5-2017 |
Mar-23-2017 |
Dec-17-2017 |
| Tested version |
0.2.2 |
0.1.3 |
0.3.0 |
0.5.2 |
0.13.4 |
0.9.5 |
0.7.3 |
0.2.0 |
0.3.1 |
| Current version |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Feature Definitions
- Associated types
- Can the library mock a trait with associated types, like
Iterator
?
- Checkpoints
- When validating sequences of method calls, can the library
create checkpoints (aka Eras)? A checkpoint divides expectations
chronologically. All expectations created before the checkpoint must be
satisfied before it, and all expectations created afterwards must be satisfied
after it.
- Closures
- Can the library mock a method that takes a closure argument, and
execute that closure when checking call arguments and calculating return
values?
- Reference parameters
- Can a mocked method take its parameters by reference?
- Consume parameters
- Can a mock method consume its parameters, passing them
by value to an arbitrary function? This is important, for example, to keep the
parameters from drop
ping after the mocked method call.
- Consume self
- Can the library mock a consuming method? A consuming method
is one that takes the self
parameter by value, rather than by reference.
into_*
methods are a common example.
- Doctest
- Can the library be used in doc tests? The key difference here is
that doc tests are compiled with cfg=false
.
- External traits
- Can the library mock a trait defined in another module or
crate?
- Fallback
- Can a mock object proxy certain method calls to a real object?
- Foreign
- Can the library mock static external functions?
- Generic methods
- Can the library mock traits with generic methods that
have parameterized arguments, and set expectations for those methods? For
example, a method like fn foo<T>(&self, t: T) -> u32
.
- Generic method with lifetime parameters
- Can the library mock
functions or methods that have generic lifetime parameters, and set
expectations for those methods? For example, a method like
fn foo<'a>(&self, t: T<'a>)
.
- Generic return
- Can the library mock traits with generic methods that have
parameterized return values, and set expectations for those methods? For
example, a method like fn foo<T>(&self, x: u32) -> T
.
- Generic structs
- Can the library mock generic structs, like
std::convert::Mutex<T>
?
- Generic traits
- Can the library mock generic traits, like
std::sync::Into<T>
?
- Impl Trait
- Can the library derive mocks for methods that use
-> impl Trait
syntax?
- Inherited traits
- Can the library mock inherited traits like
pub trait B:
A
?
- Match function
- Can an expectation validate arguments with an arbitrary
function?
- Structs
- Can the library mock a concrete
struct
instead of just
trait
s? This requires altering the module’s namespace during unit tests.
The test_double
crate can do that.
- Modules
- Can the library mock every function in a module?
- Multiple traits
- Can the library create a mock that satisfies multiple traits,
so it can be passed to a function like fn foo<T: A + B>(t: T)
?
- Traits
- Can the library create a mock object that implements a
trait
?
- Return call with args
- Can a mocked method return a value computed from the
arguments by an arbitrary function?
- Return reference
- Can a mocked method return a reference with the lifetime
of the mock object?
- Return mutable reference
- Can a mocked method return a mutable reference
with the lifetime of the mock object?
- Return owned
- Can a mocked method return ownership of a value that does not
implement Clone
?
- Return parameters
- Can a mocked method modify method arguments provided as
mutable references?
- Sequence
- Can the library assert that methods are called in a particular
order? This feature is implemented to different degrees by different libraries.
One library only supports validating call order on a method-by-method basis.
Another can validate the call order of different methods of the same mock
object. Only one library can validate the call order of methods of different
objects.
- Send
- Are mock objects
Send
? If not, then the library cannot mock a
trait that is.
- Static methods
- Can the library mock a trait that has a static method? A
static method, also called an “associated function” is one that does not receive
any form of self
as a parameter. In Rust, they must be called using
Trait::function()
syntax, rather than object.function()
. That makes it
impossible for a mock library to set an expectation on such a method. However,
mocking such a trait is still useful for setting expectations on other methods.
- Times range
- Can the library expect a method to be called a variable number
of times, bounded by a range?
- Where clauses
- Can the library mock generic traits and methods with where
clauses, and will the expectation still satisfy those where clauses?
- Derive
- Can the library automatically generate the Mock struct by
derive
ing on the trait? This feature can save a lot of typing, but it
invariably requires nightly Rust. It also can’t be used when mocking external
traits.
- Match combinattions
- Expectations can match boolean combinations of other
validators.
- Match constant
- Can an expectation match arguments with constants?
- Match operator
- Can an expectation match arguments with common operators,
like eq
, gt
, etc?
- Match pattern
- Can an expectation match enum arguments using patterns?
- Match range
- Can an expectation match arguments with ranges?
- Match wildcard
- Can an expectation match any argument?
- Return constant
- Can an expectation return a constant?
- Return default
- Can mocked methods automatically return the
Default::default()
value?
- Return panic
- Can expectations
panic
instead of returning?
- Times once
- Can an expectation assert that it’s called exactly once?
- Times any
- Can a mocked method be called any number of times?
- Times n
- Can an expectation assert that it’s called an arbitrary number of
times?
- Times never
- Can a mocked method expect to never be called?
- Maximum arguments
- The maximum number of arguments for a mocked method.
- Rustc
- Minimum required compiler version. None of these six crates
guarantee a specific version, just “stable”, or “nightly”. Typically, the
crates that require “nightly” will only work with a narrow range of nightly
versions.
- First release
- Date of the first release on crates.io .
Conclusion
The best mocking library is … none of them. No one library is clearly
superior to all of the others. Every project will need to choose a different
mocking library with the features needed for that particular project. Some
projects may event need to use multiple libraries in combination. But a few
things stand out:
- Now that proc macros have been available on stable Rust for awhile, there
isn’t any good reason to require nightly anymore. However, a few libraries
have optional features that are only available when built with nightly
compiler.
- However, not all libraries make use of proc macros. Those that don’t, like Mock-it, are more verbose to use than those that do.
- On the other hand, proc macros can be difficult to debug when they fail to compile. Galvanic-mock is probably the worst in that respect. A non-proc-macro based library may be easier to debug.
- Validating call sequences is an underappreciated aspect of mocking. Only
Mockers and Mockall have full support for validating the sequences of multiple
objects’ methods. However, Simulacrum’s sequence syntax is more elegant.
- Mocking is complicated, and none of these libraries’ authors anticipated every
possible situation. However, Mock-it and Simulacrum proved surprisingly
versatile, since they allow the user relatively low-level access into the
library itself.
- Mockall is the clear winner on features, as it should be, because I wrote it
with prior knowledge of all the other libraries.
- Mockall and Mockers are probably the easiest libraries to use.
Discussion
Tear me a new one at the Rust Forums


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| denumerate {MASS} | R Documentation |
loglm
allows dimension numbers to be used in place of names in
the formula. denumerate
modifies such a formula into one that
terms
can process.
denumerate(x)
x |
A formula conforming to the conventions of |
The model fitting function loglm
fits log-linear models to
frequency data using iterative proportional scaling. To specify
the model the user must nominate the margins in the data that
remain fixed under the log-linear model. It is convenient to
allow the user to use dimension numbers, 1, 2, 3, ... for the
first, second, third, ..., margins in a similar way to variable
names. As the model formula has to be parsed by terms
, which
treats 1
in a special way and requires parseable variable names,
these formulae have to be modified by giving genuine names for
these margin, or dimension numbers. denumerate
replaces these
numbers with names of a special form, namely n
is replaced by
.vn
. This allows terms
to parse the formula in the usual way.
A linear model formula like that presented, except that where
dimension numbers, say n
, have been used to specify fixed
margins these are replaced by names of the form .vn
which may
be processed by terms
.
denumerate(~(1+2+3)^3 + a/b) ## which gives ~ (.v1 + .v2 + .v3)^3 + a/b


Clients wishing to access an OA4MP server directly can do so using the supplied programming API. This document outlines the steps needed and discusses how to accomplish this.
The only supported method for including the client API in your project is via maven. This is supported by most every IDE and works well from the command line too. Simply include the following dependency in your project pom:
<dependency> <groupId>edu.uiuc.ncsa.myproxy</groupId> <artifactId>oa4mp-client-oauth1</artifactId> <version>5.3.0</version> </dependency>
<dependency> <groupId>edu.uiuc.ncsa.myproxy</groupId> <artifactId>oa4mp-client-oauth2</artifactId> <version>5.3.0</version> </dependency>
All references should be resolved at build time.
The major class that you will need is an instance of edu.uiuc.ncsa.myproxy.oa4mp.client.OA4MPService.java This has precisely two basic calls:
public OA4MPResponse requestCert(); public AssetResponse getCert(String tempToken, String verifier)
The first generates a public/private keypair and certificate request. The OA4MPResponse object contains the URI to which to redirect the user and the generated private key. You must redirect the user to the given URI since this is where s/he will authenticate with the MyProxy server.
Once the user has finished, the server does a callback to the uri you specify. It will contain parameters in the request for the temp token and verifier. You must pass these to the method. The OA4MPService instance will then complete the rest of the OAuth protocol and get the certificate. The AssetResponse contains the username, i.e. the name the user used to authenticate and the X509 certificate itself.
ClientEnvironment ce = ClientEnvironmentUtil.load("/path/to/file", "my-cfg"); OA4MPService service = new OA4MPService(ce); OA4MPResponse response = service.requestCert();
Later, once the user has authenticated and the callback has been invoked, the identifier, access token and verifier need to be used:
ClientEnvironment ce = ClientEnvironmentUtil.load("/path/to/file", "my-cfg"); OA4MPService service = new OA4MPService(ce); String accessToken; // from the callback URL String verifier; // from the callback URL AssetResponse assetResponse = service.getCert(accessToken, verifier);
ClientEnvironment ce; // as per above. OA4MPService service = new OA4MPService(ce); Identifier id = BasicIdentifier.newID("my:test:uri/1"); OA4MPResponse response = service.requestCert(id);
At this point, the first exchange with the server is done and an asset with the given id has been created in the store. After callback when you have the accessToken and the verifier you can finish the exchange and get the asset:
String accessToken; String verifier; // other values as per the previous example AssetResponse response = service.getCert(accessToken, verifier, id); Asset asset = ce.getAssetStore().get(id);


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Shell scripting¶
Shell scripting: What and Why¶
Instead of typing all the UNIX commands we need to perform one after the other, we can save them all in a file (a “script”) and execute them all at once.
The bash
shell we are using provides a proper syntax that can be used to build complex command sequences and scripts.
Scripts can be used to automate repetitive tasks, to do simple data manipulation or to perform maintenance of your computer (e.g., backup). Indeed, most data manipulation can be handled by scripts without the need of writing a proper program.
Running shell scripts¶
There are two ways of running a script:
The first is to call the interpreter bash to run the file (try this, but won’t work as you don’t have a
myscript.sh
script !)
bash myscript.sh # OR sh myscript.sh
bash: myscript.sh: No such file or directory
(A script that does something specific in a given project)
OR, make the script executable and execute it:
chmod +x myscript.sh
myscript.sh
(A script that does something generic, and is likely to be reused again and again – can you think of examples?)
The generic scripts of type (2) can be saved in username/bin/
and made executable (the .sh
extension not necessary.)
mkdir ~/bin
PATH=$PATH:$HOME/bin #Tell UNIX to look in /home/bin for commands
Your first shell script¶
Let’s write our first shell script! For starters,
\(\star\) Write and save boilerplate.sh
in CMEECourseWork/Week1/Code
, and add the following script to it
(type it in your code editor):
#!/bin/bash
# Author: Your Name<EMAIL_ADDRESS># Script: boilerplate.sh
# Desc: simple boilerplate for shell scripts
# Arguments: none
# Date: Oct 2019
echo -e "\nThis is a shell script! \n" #what does -e do?
#exit
The first line is a “shebang” (or sha-bang or hashbang or pound-bang or hash-exclam or hash-pling! – Wikipedia). It can also can be written as #!/bin/sh
. It tells the bash interpreter that this is a bash script and that it should be interpreted and run as such. The hash marks in the following lines tell the interpreter that it should ignore the lines following them (that’s how you put in script documentation (who wrote the script and when, what the script does, etc.) and comments on particular line of script.
Note that there is a commented out exit
command at the end of the script. Uncommenting it will not change the behavior of the script, but will allow you to generate a error code, and if the command is inserted in the middle of the script, to stop the code at that point. To find out more, google it. See this and this in particular.
\(\star\) Now cd
to your code
directory, and run it:
bash boilerplate.sh
This is a shell script!
A useful shell-scripting example¶
Let’s write a shell script to transform comma-separated files (csv) to tab-separated files and vice-versa. This can be handy — for example, in certain computer languages, it is much easier to read tab or space
separated files than csv (e.g., C
)
To do this, in the bash we can use tr
(abbreviation of tr
anslate or tr
ansliterate), which deletes or substitute characters. Here are some examples.
echo "Remove excess spaces." | tr -s "\b" " "
Remove excess spaces.
echo "remove all the as" | tr -d "a"
remove ll the s
echo "set to uppercase" | tr [:lower:] [:upper:]
SET TO UPPERCASE
echo "10.00 only numbers 1.33" | tr -d [:alpha:] | tr -s " " ","
10.00,1.33
Now write a shell script to substitute all tabs with commas called tabtocsv.sh
in Week1/Code
:
#!/bin/bash
# Author: Your name<EMAIL_ADDRESS># Script: tabtocsv.sh
# Description: substitute the tabs in the files with commas
#
# Saves the output into a .csv file
# Arguments: 1 -> tab delimited file
# Date: Oct 2019
echo "Creating a comma delimited version of $1 ..."
cat $1 | tr -s "\t" "," >> $1.csv
echo "Done!"
exit
Now test it (note where the output file gets saved and why):
echo -e "test \t\t test" >> ../SandBox/test.txt
bash tabtocsv.sh ../SandBox/test.txt
Note that $1
is the way a shell script defines a placeholder for a variable (in this case the filename). See next section for more on variable names in shell scripts.
Variables in shell scripts¶
There are three ways to assign values to variables (note lack of spaces!):
Explicit declaration:
MYVAR=myvalue
Reading from the user:
read MYVAR
Command substitution:
MYVAR=\$( (ls | wc -l) )
Here are some examples of assignments (try them out and save as a single Week1/Code/variables.sh
script):
#!/bin/bash
# Shows the use of variables
MyVar='some string'
echo 'the current value of the variable is' $MyVar
echo 'Please enter a new string'
read MyVar
echo 'the current value of the variable is' $MyVar
## Reading multiple values
echo 'Enter two numbers separated by space(s)'
read a b
echo 'you entered' $a 'and' $b '. Their sum is:'
mysum=`expr $a + $b`
echo $mysum
And also (save as Week1/Code/MyExampleScript.sh
):
#!/bin/bash
msg1="Hello"
msg2=$USER
echo "$msg1 $msg2"
echo "Hello $USER"
echo
Some more examples¶
Here are a few more illustrative examples (test each one out, save in Week1/Code/
with the given name):
Count lines in a file¶
Save this as CountLines.sh
:
#!/bin/bash
NumLines=`wc -l < $1`
echo "The file $1 has $NumLines lines"
echo
The <
redirects the contents of the file to the stdin (standard input) of the command wc -l
. It is needed here because without it, you would not be able to catch just the numerical output (number of lines). To see this, try deleting <
from the script and see what the output looks like (it will also print the script name, which you do not want).
Concatenate the contents of two files¶
Save this as ConcatenateTwoFiles.sh
:
#!/bin/bash
cat $1 > $3
cat $2 >> $3
echo "Merged File is"
cat $3
Convert tiff to png¶
This assumes you have done apt install imagemagick
(remember sudo
!)
Save this as tiff2png.sh
:
#!/bin/bash
for f in *.tif;
do
echo "Converting $f";
convert "$f" "$(basename "$f" .tif).jpg";
done
every time you do some significant amount of coding work (after testing it), and then again before the given deadline (this will be announce din clas) Some instructions:
Along with the completeness of the practicals/exercises themselves, you will be marked on the basis of how complete and well-organized your directory structure and content is.
Review (especially if you got lost along the way) and make sure all your shell scripts are functional:
boilerplate.sh
,ConcatenateTwoFiles.sh
,CountLines.sh
,MyExampleScript.sh
,tabtocsv.sh
,variables.sh
Don’t worry about how some of these scripts will run on my computer without explicit inputs (e.g.,
ConcatenateTwoFiles.sh
needs two input files) — I will run them with my own test files.Make sure you have your weekly directory organized with
Data
,Sandbox
,Code
with the necessary files, underCMEECourseWork/Week1
.All scripts should run on any other Unix/Linux machine — for example, always call data from the
Data
directory using relative paths.Make sure there is a
readme
file in every week’s directory. This file should give an overview of the weekly directory contents, listing all the scripts and what they do. This is different from thereadme
for your overall git repository, of whichWeek 1
is a part. You will write a similarreadme
for each subsequent weekly submission.
Don’t put any scripts that are part of the submission in your home/bin
directory! You can put a copy there, but a
working version should be in your repository.
A shell script exercise¶
Write a csvtospace.sh
shell script that takes a c
omma s
eparated v
alues and converts it to a space separated values file. However, it must not change the input file — it should save it as a differently named file.
Save the script in CMEECourseWork/Week1/Code
, and run it on the csv
data files that are in
Temperatures
in the master repository’s Data
directory.
Don’t modify anything (or refer to anything) in your local copy of the master repository. All changes you make in the master repository will be lost. Copy whatever you need from the master repository to your own repository.
Commit and push every time you do some significant amount of coding work (after testing it), and then again before the given deadline (this will be announced in class).
This includes UnixPrac1.txt
from the Unix Chapter.
Readings & Resources¶
Plenty of shell scripting resources and tutorials out there; in particular, look up http://www.tutorialspoint.com/unix/unix-using-variables.htm


---
title: Get Involved
layout: default
permalink: /get_involved/
---
The Harvard Open Data Project started off as a group of students seeking to make university data more accessible. As a result of this and our values of openness and innovation, we love to have input from others. There are several ways to contribute:
Data
The Harvard Open Data Project aggregates data from multiple sources and depends on users to upload their own datasets. Therefore, we're always seeking to add new datasets to our collection. Check out our Dataverse and add datasets using our Harvard Open Data Portal template.
Visualizations
Visualizations help us better understand data. Create your own visualizations of our datasets or even mash up several datasets to see correlations.
Apps
We seek to make university data more accessible so that others can build tools to improve Harvard. Check out our datasets and build something of your own - we'd love to showcase your work.
Comments
Comments - check our our GitHub and join the discussion with suggestions of improvement.
Build
We're always seeking to improve the Harvard Open Data Portal. If you're interested in helping us build the web frontend for the data portal, email Neel Mehta at neelmehta@college.harvard.edu.


Search Your Booking Number Thing
Booking number thing
Submit
{% if stuff %}
Results for
{{ booking }}
Competition
Team
Game
Odds
{% for thing in stuff %}
{{ thing.0 }}
{{ thing.1 }}
{{ thing.2 }}
{{ thing.3 }}
{% endfor %}
{% elif booking %}
Nothing found for
{{ booking }}
{% endif %}


Land of colours
Leaning tower
City of Masks
Birthplace of the Renaissance
City with pastel-colored houses
Famous for "Sassi"
Pearl of the Alps


zxing-cpp/wasm live demo
This is a simple demo of the wasm wrapper of
zxing-cpp
scanning for barcodes in a live video stream.
Camera:
Front Camera
Back Camera
Format:
Any
Aztec
Codabar
Code39
Code93
Code128
DataMatrix
DataBar
DataBarExpanded
EAN-8
EAN-13
ITF
PDF417
QRCode
Micro QRCode
UPC-A
UPC-E
Linear Codes
Matrix Codes
Mode:
Normal
Fast


Attaches to the App / Context and listens for DOM Mouse events then emmits
Create a mouseX and mouseY on our event, cross platform and browser
Set the buttons for easier recognition - also, different browsers may report this differently IE Will no doubt report this differently
function to make an object listen on the dom for mouse events
Dealing with the lack of event in Firefox
delete obj.mouseMove delete obj.mouseDown delete obj.mouseUp delete obj.mouseClick delete obj.mouseOut delete obj.mouseOver delete obj.mouseWheel


Each knitting design instructions are provided in downloadable PDF file. It consists of step by step tutorials with photos. It also includes graphic charts and colour charts.
All descriptions are detailed and suitable both beginner and advanced knitters. If you prefer row by row descriptions, it is included too.
Each crochet design instructions are provided in downloadable PDF file. It consists of step by step tutorials with photos. It also includes graphic charts and colour charts.
All descriptions are detailed and suitable both beginner and advanced crocheters. If you prefer round by round descriptions, it is included too.
You will get instant PDF file download. Once you added your items to basket and paid using Paypal or your credit/debit card, you will get email with a link to downloadable PDF file. Please click the button ‘Download’, save the file and can start to knit or crochet straight-away. It might be useful to save to your cloud account, if you have one, that you can access your file from any of your connected devices.
Some knitting or crochet techniques might be easier to understand when you see how it is done. If it sounds like you, here you will find all techniques I used in my patterns, also new ones are added on regular basis.
After you have purchased any PDF pattern form my shop, you will get instant access to how-to video library. Access to library never expires. You will find video tutorials how to:
Here is the example of the instructions how to ‘make one (m1)’ for knitted slippers:
If you love shopping on Etsy, you can get all my patterns here.


| Friday | Saturday | Sunday |
|
May 6-8 The Adventures of Robin Hood (1938) 7:30 (plus 3:45 Sat/Sun) The Strawberry Blonde (1941) 5:40, 9:25 |
||
|
May 13-15 Captain Blood (1935) 7:30 (plus 3:40 Sat/Sun) It's Love I'm After (1937) 5:50, 9:40 |
||
|
May 20-22 The Charge of the Light Brigade (1936) 7:30 (plus 3:30 Sat/Sun) My Cousin Rachel (1949) 5:40, 9:40 |
||
|
May 27-29 The Heiress (1949) 7:30 (plus 3:25 Sat/Sun) The Snake Pit (1948) 5:30, 9:35 |
||
|
June 3-5 They Died With Their Boots On (1941) 7:30 (plus 3:25 Sat/Sun) The Dark Mirror (1946) 5:55, 10:00 |
||
|
June 10-12 The Private Lives of Elizabeth and Essex (1939) 7:30 (plus 3:30 Sat/Sun) Santa Fe Trail (1940) 5:30, 9:30 |
||
|
June 17-19 Hold Back the Dawn (1941) 7:30 (plus 3:35 Sat/Sun) Four's a Crowd (1938) 5:45, 9:40 |
||
|
June 24-26 To Each His Own (1946) 7:30 (plus 3:35 Sat/Sun) The Great Garrick (1937) 5:50, 9:45 |
||
|
Friday July 1 - Friday July 8 ONE WEEK ONLY Gone With the Wind (1939) 7:30 (plus 2:00 Sat/Sun)
July 1 is Olivia de Havilland's 100th birthday |
||
| Friday | Saturday | Sunday |


 We just want it to be easier for you to know the air quality outside at your location.
We collect limited analytical data about your use of this site with Plausible.io. You can read about why they're relatively privacy-forward on their website. Of course, if you're using an ad blocker or anti-tracking tool, it's probably blocking Plausible. That's cool.
This tool uses data from PurpleAir's sensor network, which they make freely available. Your browser will connect to their servers to download a list of all available sensors. Your browser will then ask your device for your current location. Using these two bits of data, AQI WTF will figure out the closest PurpleAir sensor and download air quality information from PurpleAir. While you have the app open, this process will repeat about once a minute, to ensure that you aren't looking at stale air quality information.
AQI WTF does not store your current location. Instead, it asks your browser where you are whenever it needs to show you the current air quality. AQI WTF does not send your current location to us or any third party. We do not want to know where you are. We just want you to be able to breathe.
If you don't want to let AQI WTF know your current location, that's 100% cool with us. But it means that the site won't work.
AQI WTF does send a request to PurpleAir once a minute. That request includes the sensor closest to your current location. In theory, this means PurpleAir could track your location. We don't think they do (or that they care to), but we don't have any kind of a business relationship with them so can't make any promises on their behalf.
AQI WTF is written in a programming language called JavaScript and runs entirely on your device. If you have questions or concerns about how it works, all the source code for the app is freely available on GitHub at https://github.com/skalnik/aqi-wtf.


|
/* ****************************************************************************
*
* Copyright (c) Microsoft Corporation.
*
* This source code is subject to terms and conditions of the Apache License, Version 2.0. A
* copy of the license can be found in the License.html file at the root of this distribution. If
* you cannot locate the Apache License, Version 2.0, please send an email to
*<EMAIL_ADDRESS>By using this source code in any fashion, you are agreeing to be bound
* by the terms of the Apache License, Version 2.0.
*
* You must not remove this notice, or any other, from this software.
*
*
* ***************************************************************************/
namespace System.Management.Automation.Interpreter
{
internal sealed class UpdatePositionInstruction : Instruction
{
private readonly int _sequencePoint;
private readonly bool _checkBreakpoints;
private UpdatePositionInstruction(bool checkBreakpoints, int sequencePoint)
{
_checkBreakpoints = checkBreakpoints;
_sequencePoint = sequencePoint;
}
public override int Run(InterpretedFrame frame)
{
var functionContext = frame.FunctionContext;
var context = frame.ExecutionContext;
functionContext._currentSequencePointIndex = _sequencePoint;
if (_checkBreakpoints)
{
if (context._debuggingMode > 0)
{
context.Debugger.OnSequencePointHit(functionContext);
}
}
return +1;
}
public static Instruction Create(int sequencePoint, bool checkBreakpoints)
{
return new UpdatePositionInstruction(checkBreakpoints, sequencePoint);
}
}
}
|


--- layout: page title: "The Little Book on CoffeeScript" prev: OEBPS/ch01.html next: OEBPS/ch01s03.html book_path: books/alex-maccaw-the-little-book-on-coffeescript-_oeb/ --- {% include JB/setup %} {% raw %}
CoffeeScript removes the rather verbose function
statement, and replaces it with a thin
arrow: ->
. Functions can be
one-liners or indented on multiple lines. The last expression in the
function is implicitly returned. In other words, you don’t need to use the
return
statement unless you want to
return earlier inside the function.
With that in mind, let’s take a look at an example:
func = -> "bar"
You can see in the resultant compilation, the ->
is turned into a function
statement, and the "bar"
string is automatically returned.
As mentioned earlier, there’s no reason why we can’t use multiple lines, as long as we indent the function body properly:
func = -> # An extra line "bar"
How about specifying arguments? Well, CoffeeScript lets you do that by specifying arguments in parentheses before the arrow:
times = (a, b) -> a * b
CoffeeScript supports default arguments too. For example:
times = (a = 1, b = 2) -> a * b
You can also use splats to accept multiple arguments (denoted by
...
):
sum = (nums...) -> result = 0 nums.forEach (n) -> result += n result
In the example above, nums
is
an array of all the arguments passed to the function. It’s not an
arguments
object, but rather a real
array, so you don’t need to concern yourself with Array.prototype.splice
or jQuery.makeArray()
if you want to manipulate
it.
trigger = (events...) -> events.splice(1, 0, this) this.constructor.trigger.apply(events)
Functions can be invoked exactly as in JavaScript, with parens
()
, apply()
, or call()
. However, like Ruby, CoffeeScript will
automatically call functions if they are invoked with at least one
argument:
a = "Howdy!" alert a # Equivalent to: alert(a) alert inspect a # Equivalent to: alert(inspect(a))
Although parenthesis is optional, I’d recommend using it if it’s
not immediately obvious what’s
being invoked, and with which arguments. In the last example, with
inspect
, I’d definitely recommend
wrapping at least the inspect
invocation in parens:
alert inspect(a)
If you don’t pass any arguments with an invocation, CoffeeScript has no way of working out if you intend to invoke the function, or just treat it like a variable. In this respect, CoffeeScript’s behavior differs from Ruby’s, which always invokes references to functions, and is more similar to Python’s. This has been the source of a few errors in my CoffeeScript programs, so it’s worth keeping an eye out for cases where you intend to call a function without any arguments, and include parenthesis.
Context changes are rife within JavaScript, especially with event
callbacks, so CoffeeScript
provides a few helpers to manage this. One such helper is a variation on
->
, the fat arrow function:
=>
Using the fat arrow instead of the thin arrow ensures that the function context will be bound to the local one. For example:
this.clickHandler = -> alert "clicked" element.addEventListener "click", (e) => this.clickHandler(e)
The reason you might want to do this is that callbacks from
addEventListener()
are executed in
the context of the element
, i.e.
this
equals the element. If you want
to keep this
equal to the local
context, without doing a self = this
dance, fat arrows are the way to go.
This binding idea is a similar concept to jQuery’s proxy()
or ES5’s
bind()
functions.


An abstract cache store class. There are multiple cache store implementations, each having its own additional features. See the classes under the ActiveSupport::Cache module, e.g. ActiveSupport::Cache::MemCacheStore. MemCacheStore is currently the most popular cache store for large production websites.
Some implementations may not support all methods beyond the basic cache methods of fetch, write, read, exist?, and delete.
ActiveSupport::Cache::Store can store any serializable Ruby object.
cache = ActiveSupport::Cache::MemoryStore.new cache.read("city") # => nil cache.write("city", "Duckburgh") cache.read("city") # => "Duckburgh"
Keys are always translated into Strings and are case sensitive. When an object is specified as a key and has a cache_key method defined, this method will be called to define the key. Otherwise, the to_param method will be called. Hashes and Arrays can also be used as keys. The elements will be delimited by slashes, and the elements within a Hash will be sorted by key so they are consistent.
cache.read("city") == cache.read(:city) # => true
Nil values can be cached.
If your cache is on a shared infrastructure, you can define a namespace for your cache entries. If a namespace is defined, it will be prefixed on to every key. The namespace can be either a static value or a Proc. If it is a Proc, it will be invoked when each key is evaluated so that you can use application logic to invalidate keys.
cache.namespace = lambda { @last_mod_time } # Set the namespace to a variable @last_mod_time = Time.now # Invalidate the entire cache by changing namespace
Caches can also store values in a compressed format to save space and reduce time spent sending data. Since there is overhead, values must be large enough to warrant compression. To turn on compression either pass :compress => true in the initializer or as an option to fetch or write. To specify the threshold at which to compress values, set the :compress_threshold option. The default threshold is 16K.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 175 def self.instrument Thread.current[:instrument_cache_store] || false end
Set to true if cache stores should be instrumented. Default is false.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 171 def self.instrument=(boolean) Thread.current[:instrument_cache_store] = boolean end
Create a new cache. The options will be passed to any write method calls except for :namespace which can be used to set the global namespace for the cache.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 152 def initialize(options = nil) @options = options ? options.dup : {} end
Cleanup the cache by removing expired entries.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
All implementations may not support this method.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 425 def cleanup(options = nil) raise NotImplementedError.new("#{self.class.name} does not support cleanup") end
Clear the entire cache. Be careful with this method since it could affect other processes if shared cache is being used.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
All implementations may not support this method.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 435 def clear(options = nil) raise NotImplementedError.new("#{self.class.name} does not support clear") end
Increment an integer value in the cache.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
All implementations may not support this method.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 416 def decrement(name, amount = 1, options = nil) raise NotImplementedError.new("#{self.class.name} does not support decrement") end
Deletes an entry in the cache. Returns true if an entry is deleted.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 371 def delete(name, options = nil) options = merged_options(options) instrument(:delete, name) do |payload| delete_entry(namespaced_key(name, options), options) end end
Delete all entries with keys matching the pattern.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
All implementations may not support this method.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 398 def delete_matched(matcher, options = nil) raise NotImplementedError.new("#{self.class.name} does not support delete_matched") end
Return true if the cache contains an entry for the given key.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 381 def exist?(name, options = nil) options = merged_options(options) instrument(:exist?, name) do |payload| entry = read_entry(namespaced_key(name, options), options) if entry && !entry.expired? true else false end end end
Fetches data from the cache, using the given key. If there is data in the cache with the given key, then that data is returned.
If there is no such data in the cache (a cache miss), then nil will be returned. However, if a block has been passed, that block will be run in the event of a cache miss. The return value of the block will be written to the cache under the given cache key, and that return value will be returned.
cache.write("today", "Monday") cache.fetch("today") # => "Monday" cache.fetch("city") # => nil cache.fetch("city") do "Duckburgh" end cache.fetch("city") # => "Duckburgh"
You may also specify additional options via the options argument. Setting :force => true will force a cache miss:
cache.write("today", "Monday") cache.fetch("today", :force => true) # => nil
Setting :compress will store a large cache entry set by the call in a compressed format.
Setting :expires_in will set an expiration time on the cache. All caches support auto-expiring content after a specified number of seconds. This value can be specified as an option to the constructor (in which case all entries will be affected), or it can be supplied to the fetch or write method to effect just one entry.
cache = ActiveSupport::Cache::MemoryStore.new(:expires_in => 5.minutes) cache.write(key, value, :expires_in => 1.minute) # Set a lower value for one entry
Setting :race_condition_ttl is very useful in situations where a cache entry is used very frequently and is under heavy load. If a cache expires and due to heavy load seven different processes will try to read data natively and then they all will try to write to cache. To avoid that case the first process to find an expired cache entry will bump the cache expiration time by the value set in :race_condition_ttl. Yes this process is extending the time for a stale value by another few seconds. Because of extended life of the previous cache, other processes will continue to use slightly stale data for a just a big longer. In the meantime that first process will go ahead and will write into cache the new value. After that all the processes will start getting new value. The key is to keep :race_condition_ttl small.
If the process regenerating the entry errors out, the entry will be regenerated after the specified number of seconds. Also note that the life of stale cache is extended only if it expired recently. Otherwise a new value is generated and :race_condition_ttl does not play any role.
# Set all values to expire after one minute. cache = ActiveSupport::Cache::MemoryStore.new(:expires_in => 1.minute) cache.write("foo", "original value") val_1 = nil val_2 = nil sleep 60 Thread.new do val_1 = cache.fetch("foo", :race_condition_ttl => 10) do sleep 1 "new value 1" end end Thread.new do val_2 = cache.fetch("foo", :race_condition_ttl => 10) do "new value 2" end end # val_1 => "new value 1" # val_2 => "original value" # sleep 10 # First thread extend the life of cache by another 10 seconds # cache.fetch("foo") => "new value 1"
Other options will be handled by the specific cache store implementation. Internally, fetch calls read_entry, and calls write_entry on a cache miss. options will be passed to the read and write calls.
For example, MemCacheStore’s write method supports the :raw option, which tells the memcached server to store all values as strings. We can use this option with fetch too:
cache = ActiveSupport::Cache::MemCacheStore.new cache.fetch("foo", :force => true, :raw => true) do :bar end cache.fetch("foo") # => "bar"
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 271 def fetch(name, options = nil) if block_given? options = merged_options(options) key = namespaced_key(name, options) unless options[:force] entry = instrument(:read, name, options) do |payload| payload[:super_operation] = :fetch if payload read_entry(key, options) end end if entry && entry.expired? race_ttl = options[:race_condition_ttl].to_f if race_ttl and Time.now.to_f - entry.expires_at <= race_ttl entry.expires_at = Time.now + race_ttl write_entry(key, entry, :expires_in => race_ttl * 2) else delete_entry(key, options) end entry = nil end if entry instrument(:fetch_hit, name, options) { |payload| } entry.value else result = instrument(:generate, name, options) do |payload| yield end write(name, result, options) result end else read(name, options) end end
Increment an integer value in the cache.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
All implementations may not support this method.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 407 def increment(name, amount = 1, options = nil) raise NotImplementedError.new("#{self.class.name} does not support increment") end
Silence the logger within a block.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 163 def mute previous_silence, @silence = defined?(@silence) && @silence, true yield ensure @silence = previous_silence end
Fetches data from the cache, using the given key. If there is data in the cache with the given key, then that data is returned. Otherwise, nil is returned.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 312 def read(name, options = nil) options = merged_options(options) key = namespaced_key(name, options) instrument(:read, name, options) do |payload| entry = read_entry(key, options) if entry if entry.expired? delete_entry(key, options) payload[:hit] = false if payload nil else payload[:hit] = true if payload entry.value end else payload[:hit] = false if payload nil end end end
Read multiple values at once from the cache. Options can be passed in the last argument.
Some cache implementation may optimize this method.
Returns a hash mapping the names provided to the values found.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 339 def read_multi(*names) options = names.extract_options! options = merged_options(options) results = {} names.each do |name| key = namespaced_key(name, options) entry = read_entry(key, options) if entry if entry.expired? delete_entry(key, options) else results[name] = entry.value end end end results end
Silence the logger.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 157 def silence! @silence = true self end
Writes the value to the cache, with the key.
Options are passed to the underlying cache implementation.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 360 def write(name, value, options = nil) options = merged_options(options) instrument(:write, name, options) do |payload| entry = Entry.new(value, options) write_entry(namespaced_key(name, options), entry, options) end end
Add the namespace defined in the options to a pattern designed to match keys. Implementations that support delete_matched should call this method to translate a pattern that matches names into one that matches namespaced keys.
# File lib/active_support/cache.rb, line 443 def key_matcher(pattern, options) prefix = options[:namespace].is_a?(Proc) ? options[:namespace].call : options[:namespace] if prefix source = pattern.source if source.start_with?('^') source = source[1, source.length] else source = ".*#{source[0, source.length]}" end Regexp.new("^#{Regexp.escape(prefix)}:#{source}", pattern.options) else pattern end end
Generated with the Darkfish Rdoc Generator 2.


Arpo1768.github.io
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| Package | Description |
|---|---|
| cufy.concurrent |
When it comes to concurrent actions.
|
| cufy.io |
Input and Output ports is kind of the purpose of computers.
|
| cufy.io.loadable |
The ways to load and save data is different from a position to another,
but at the end it still data and still be loaded and saved using protocols
and standards; Loadables in the other hand don't care about how the data will
be transferred, as long as the data will be transferred successfully.
|
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
protected java.util.List<java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean>> |
Instructor.posts
All undone posts of this group.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
Instructor |
Instructor.getLoops(java.util.function.Consumer<java.util.List<Loop<?,?>>> action)
Do the given action to the
loops of this. |
Instructor |
Instructor.getPosts(java.util.function.Consumer<java.util.List<java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean>>> action)
Do the given action to the
posts of this. |
Instructor |
Instructor.getState(java.util.function.Consumer<java.lang.String> action)
Do the given action to the
state of this. |
Instructor |
Instructor.join()
Waits for all loops of this group to die.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.join(java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter,
long millis)
Waits at most millis milliseconds for all loops of this group to die.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.notify(java.lang.String state)
Update the state of every currently or further running loops in this group.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.pair()
Wait until make sure that there is a running loop on this group.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.post(java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean> action)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.post(java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.post(java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter,
long timeout)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.start(Loop<?,?> loop)
Start a loop using this
Instructor . |
Instructor |
Instructor.synchronously(java.util.function.BiConsumer<Instructor,Loop<?,?>> action)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.synchronously(java.util.function.BiConsumer<Instructor,Loop<?,?>> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.synchronously(java.util.function.BiConsumer<Instructor,Loop<?,?>> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter,
long timeout)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.thread(Loop<?,?> loop)
Start the given loop with a new thread.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.tick()
Do the posts posted on this group.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.tick(Loop<?,?> caller)
Do the posts posted on this group.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
java.util.List<java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean>> |
Instructor.getPosts()
Get the
posts of this loop. |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
Instructor |
Instructor.getPosts(java.util.function.Consumer<java.util.List<java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean>>> action)
Do the given action to the
posts of this. |
Instructor |
Instructor.join(java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter,
long millis)
Waits at most millis milliseconds for all loops of this group to die.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.post(java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean> action)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.post(java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.post(java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.post(java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter,
long timeout)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.post(java.util.function.BiFunction<Instructor,Loop<?,?>,java.lang.Boolean> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter,
long timeout)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.synchronously(java.util.function.BiConsumer<Instructor,Loop<?,?>> action)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.synchronously(java.util.function.BiConsumer<Instructor,Loop<?,?>> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.synchronously(java.util.function.BiConsumer<Instructor,Loop<?,?>> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.synchronously(java.util.function.BiConsumer<Instructor,Loop<?,?>> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter,
long timeout)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
Instructor |
Instructor.synchronously(java.util.function.BiConsumer<Instructor,Loop<?,?>> action,
java.util.function.Consumer<Instructor> alter,
long timeout)
Make a loop of this group do the given action.
|
| Modifier and Type | Field and Description |
|---|---|
protected Instructor |
RemoteWriter.instructor
The instructor to allow this writer to run.
|
protected Instructor |
RemoteOutputStream.instructor
The instructor to allow this stream to run.
|
protected Instructor |
RemoteReader.instructor
The instructor to allow this reader to run.
|
protected Instructor |
RemoteInputStream.instructor
The instructor to allow this stream to run.
|
| Constructor and Description |
|---|
RemoteInputStream(Instructor instructor,
java.io.InputStream stream)
Construct a new controllable input-stream.
|
RemoteOutputStream(Instructor instructor,
java.io.OutputStream stream)
Construct a new controllable output-stream.
|
RemoteReader(Instructor instructor,
java.io.Reader reader)
Construct a new controllable reader.
|
RemoteWriter(Instructor instructor,
java.io.Writer writer)
Construct a new controllable writer.
|
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
default java.io.InputStream |
Loadable.getInputStream(Instructor instructor)
Get a new, unused input stream from the container of this loadable.
|
default java.io.InputStream |
URLLoadable.getInputStream(Instructor instructor) |
default java.io.InputStream |
FileLoadable.getInputStream(Instructor instructor) |
default java.io.OutputStream |
Loadable.getOutputStream(Instructor instructor)
Get a new, unused output stream from the container of this loadable.
|
default java.io.OutputStream |
URLLoadable.getOutputStream(Instructor instructor) |
default java.io.OutputStream |
FileLoadable.getOutputStream(Instructor instructor) |
default java.io.Reader |
Loadable.getReader(Instructor instructor)
Get a new, unused reader from the container of this loadable.
|
default java.io.Reader |
URLLoadable.getReader(Instructor instructor) |
default java.io.Reader |
FileLoadable.getReader(Instructor instructor) |
default java.io.Writer |
Loadable.getWriter(Instructor instructor)
Get a new, unused writer from the container of this loadable.
|
default java.io.Writer |
URLLoadable.getWriter(Instructor instructor) |
default java.io.Writer |
FileLoadable.getWriter(Instructor instructor) |
void |
Loadable.load(Instructor instructor)
Load this loadable from the container of this loadable.
|
default void |
FormatLoadable.load(Instructor instructor) |
void |
Loadable.save(Instructor instructor)
Save this loadable to the container of this loadable.
|
default void |
FormatLoadable.save(Instructor instructor) |


Election day is {{date.month}} {{date.day}} {{date.year}}.
Share:
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Add ProudCity Vote to your website


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}
Medieval catalogues > SECULAR INSTITUTIONS: Hospitals, Towns, and the Professions > Winchester, Holy Cross > Bequest by Henricus de Segusio, 29 October 1271
{% endif %}5 identified entries found.
All data was derived from the List of Identifications by Professor Richard Sharpe.
{% if not printing %}
A key to codes used in the List is available (opens in new tab).{% endif %}


I am penguin
Always hungry
My skills
- Html
- Css
- Js
About me
Lorem ipsum, dolor sit amet consectetur adipisicing elit. Exercitationem odit laboriosam labore.
-
I`ve got a problem with last hw, please, help me!
I`ve done my homework, and almoust everithing is working. But when I try to push my last commit to a git-repository I ended up with an Error. I`ve done my homework, and almoust everithing is working. But when I try to push my last commit to a git-repository I ended up with an Error. Please, look up and ...
-
I`ve got a problem with last hw, please, help me!
I`ve done my homework, and almoust everithing is working. But when I try to push my last commit to a git-repository I ended up with an Error. I`ve done my homework, and almoust everithing is working. But when I try to push my last commit to a git-repository I ended up with an Error. Please, look up and ...
-
I`ve got a problem with last hw, please, help me!
I`ve done my homework, and almoust everithing is working. But when I try to push my last commit to a git-repository I ended up with an Error. I`ve done my homework, and almoust everithing is working. But when I try to push my last commit to a git-repository I ended up with an Error. Please, look up and ...


Tuition Tracker
You have class right now.
You are wasting
per minute
Wasted Today:
0
That can buy
0
chicken mcnuggets


˜
i need to go here!
hey my name's michelle and i need someone to travel with. i live to go to exotic places but don't want to go alone and i am broke. if you have money and would like to go to these places, lmk.
thailand
australia
argentina
madagascar


二索 ~ Find the 2 ~ プライバシーポリシー
本プライバシーポリシーは、 zurachuの提供するアプリケーション（以下、アプリ） 『二索 ~ Find the 2 ~』により収集、送信されるユーザ情報とその取り扱いについて説明します。
本アプリでは、利用状況の解析のため、以下の情報収集モジュールを使用しており、指定されたユーザ情報を自動取得する場合がございます。 取得する情報、利用目的、第三者への提供等につきましては、情報収集モジュール提供者のプライバシーポリシーのリンクよりご確認ください。
本アプリはユーザ情報の収集、送信を停止する手段を提供しておりません。 収集、送信を停止したい場合には、本アプリをアンインストールしてください。
また、外部送信先に送信された情報の取り扱いについては各サービス提供者へとお問い合わせください。
アプリのバージョンアップに伴い、収集、送信されるユーザ情報、目的、送信先が変更される場合があります。 変更については、新しいバージョンのアプリに付随するプライバシーポリシーをご参照ください。
ユーザ情報の取り扱いに関する問い合わせ先
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Policy
zurachu built the 二索 ~ Find the 2 ~ app as a Free app. This SERVICE is provided by zurachu at no cost and is intended for use as is.
This page is used to inform visitors regarding my policies with the collection, use, and disclosure of Personal Information if anyone decided to use my Service.
If you choose to use my Service, then you agree to the collection and use of information in relation to this policy. The Personal Information that I collect is used for providing and improving the Service. I will not use or share your information with anyone except as described in this Privacy Policy.
The terms used in this Privacy Policy have the same meanings as in our Terms and Conditions, which is accessible at 二索 ~ Find the 2 ~ unless otherwise defined in this Privacy Policy.
For a better experience, while using our Service, I may require you to provide us with certain personally identifiable information, including but not limited to Collection of personal information, Usage analysis. The information that I request will be retained on your device and is not collected by me in any way.
The app does use third party services that may collect information used to identify you.
Link to privacy policy of third party service providers used by the app
I want to inform you that whenever you use my Service, in a case of an error in the app I collect data and information (through third party products) on your phone called Log Data. This Log Data may include information such as your device Internet Protocol (“IP”) address, device name, operating system version, the configuration of the app when utilizing my Service, the time and date of your use of the Service, and other statistics.
Cookies are files with a small amount of data that are commonly used as anonymous unique identifiers. These are sent to your browser from the websites that you visit and are stored on your device's internal memory.
This Service does not use these “cookies” explicitly. However, the app may use third party code and libraries that use “cookies” to collect information and improve their services. You have the option to either accept or refuse these cookies and know when a cookie is being sent to your device. If you choose to refuse our cookies, you may not be able to use some portions of this Service.
I may employ third-party companies and individuals due to the following reasons:
I want to inform users of this Service that these third parties have access to your Personal Information. The reason is to perform the tasks assigned to them on our behalf. However, they are obligated not to disclose or use the information for any other purpose.
I value your trust in providing us your Personal Information, thus we are striving to use commercially acceptable means of protecting it. But remember that no method of transmission over the internet, or method of electronic storage is 100% secure and reliable, and I cannot guarantee its absolute security.
This Service may contain links to other sites. If you click on a third-party link, you will be directed to that site. Note that these external sites are not operated by me. Therefore, I strongly advise you to review the Privacy Policy of these websites. I have no control over and assume no responsibility for the content, privacy policies, or practices of any third-party sites or services.
These Services do not address anyone under the age of 13. I do not knowingly collect personally identifiable information from children under 13 years of age. In the case I discover that a child under 13 has provided me with personal information, I immediately delete this from our servers.
I may update our Privacy Policy from time to time. Thus, you are advised to review this page periodically for any changes. I will notify you of any changes by posting the new Privacy Policy on this page.
This policy is effective as of 2021-03-13
If you have any questions or suggestions about my Privacy Policy, do not hesitate to contact me at zurachu+info@gmail.com.


Colorblindness Testing
Demo will work if you run it locally - on GitHub, the canvas operations are insecure.


{% extends './layout/home.html' %}
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EduHack
Teaching English Language to Rural Teachers
Idea
Companion app
Issues Tackled
Understanding of Phonetics
Vocabulary with multi-language support
Confidence in verbal interaction
Engagement on regular basis
Overview Of The App
Customised Search bar
Voice support
Concept explanation
Multi-language indexing
Exercises
Grammar
Comprehension
Speaking skills
Vocabulary
Vocabulary
Thank You


A binary state.
The bool type is a binary state that can be true or false. It corresponds directly to the boolean Lua type.


Management conduct a retail promotion test. Would you recommend that they continue with the program?
test
- The Offer - 50% discount on spend >$100
- Gross Margin per item 50%
| Spend |
Before |
After |
| Cohort A |
$150 |
$250 |
| Cohort B |
$100 |
$150 |
| Cohort C |
$50 |
$100 |
Basic Points
- This promotional offer breaks even. Same total profit with or without the offer.
| Profit |
Before |
After |
| Cohort A |
$75 |
$50 |
| Cohort B |
$50 |
$50 |
| Cohort C |
$25 |
$50 |
Advanced Comments
- Cannibalisation: Campaign breaks even because gross profit forfeited from the top spenders in Cohort A is not compensated for sufficiently by increase from Cohort C. Also a risk that cohorts are simpling bringing forward spend in order to gain discounts.
- Details: These are very important when planning a promotion. For example, if Cohort A had only been spending $125 before the campaign, then the cannibalisation of spend from this group would have been more than compensated for by increase in spend by Cohort C. That means it's always important to conduct trials and to have an accurate understanding of consumer behaviour before launching a promotion.
- Other factors: What will be the affect on the reputation of the company? Will customers come to expect discounts in store? What will be the implementation costs in terms of marketing materials, technical implementation etc?


public abstract class BaseConfigurationBuilder<T extends BaseConfigurationBuilder>
extends java.lang.Object
ReportsCrashes
(21.03.2018 19:15:27)| Constructor and Description |
|---|
BaseConfigurationBuilder(android.app.Application app) |
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
T |
setAdditionalDropBoxTags(java.lang.String... additionalDropBoxTags) |
T |
setAdditionalSharedPreferences(java.lang.String... additionalSharedPreferences)
Add here your
SharedPreferences identifier Strings if you use
others than your application's default. |
T |
setAlsoReportToAndroidFramework(boolean alsoReportToAndroidFramework)
Set this to true if you prefer displaying the native force close dialog after the ACRA is done.
|
T |
setApplicationLogFile(java.lang.String applicationLogFile)
To use in combination with
ReportField.APPLICATION_LOG to set the
path/name of your application log file. |
T |
setApplicationLogFileDir(Directory applicationLogFileDir)
To use in combination with
ReportField.APPLICATION_LOG to set the root
for the path provided in applicationLogFile() |
T |
setApplicationLogFileLines(int applicationLogFileLines)
To use in combination with
ReportField.APPLICATION_LOG to set the
number of latest lines of your application log file to be collected. |
T |
setAttachmentUriProvider(java.lang.Class<? extends AttachmentUriProvider> attachmentUriProvider)
Allows attachmentUri configuration at runtime instead of compile time.
|
T |
setAttachmentUris(java.lang.String... attachmentUris)
Allows to attach files to crash reports.
|
T |
setBuildConfigClass(java.lang.Class buildConfigClass)
The default value will be a BuildConfig class residing in the same package as the Application class.
|
T |
setCertificatePath(java.lang.String certificatePath) |
T |
setCertificateType(java.lang.String certificateType) |
T |
setConnectionTimeout(int connectionTimeout) |
T |
setCustomReportContent(ReportField... customReportContent)
Redefines the list of
ReportField s collected and sent in your
reports. |
T |
setDeleteOldUnsentReportsOnApplicationStart(boolean deleteOldUnsentReportsOnApplicationStart)
This property can be used to determine whether old (out of date) reports
should be sent or not.
|
T |
setDeleteUnapprovedReportsOnApplicationStart(boolean deleteUnapprovedReportsOnApplicationStart)
Controls whether unapproved reports are deleted on application start or not.
|
T |
setDropboxCollectionMinutes(int dropboxCollectionMinutes) |
T |
setExcludeMatchingSettingsKeys(java.lang.String... excludeMatchingSettingsKeys)
Provide here regex patterns to be evaluated on each Settings.System,
Settings.Secure and Settings.Global key to exclude KV pairs from the
collected SharedPreferences.
|
T |
setExcludeMatchingSharedPreferencesKeys(java.lang.String... excludeMatchingSharedPreferencesKeys)
Provide here regex patterns to be evaluated on each SharedPreference key
to exclude KV pairs from the collected SharedPreferences.
|
T |
setFormUri(java.lang.String formUri)
The Uri of your own server-side script that will receive reports.
|
T |
setFormUriBasicAuthLogin(java.lang.String formUriBasicAuthLogin)
When using the
formUri() parameter to send reports to a custom
server-side script, you can set here and in
formUriBasicAuthPassword() the credentials for a BASIC HTTP
authentication. |
T |
setFormUriBasicAuthPassword(java.lang.String formUriBasicAuthPassword)
When using the
formUri() parameter to send reports to a custom
server-side script, you can set here and in
formUriBasicAuthLogin() the credentials for a BASIC HTTP
authentication. |
T |
setHttpMethod(HttpSender.Method httpMethod)
The
HttpSender.Method to be used when posting with formUri() . |
T |
setIncludeDropBoxSystemTags(boolean includeDropBoxSystemTags)
If enabled, DropBox events collection will include system tags:
system_app_anr
system_app_wtf
system_app_crash
system_server_anr
system_server_wtf
system_server_crash
BATTERY_DISCHARGE_INFO
SYSTEM_RECOVERY_LOG
SYSTEM_BOOT
SYSTEM_LAST_KMSG
APANIC_CONSOLE
APANIC_THREADS
SYSTEM_RESTART
SYSTEM_TOMBSTONE
data_app_strictmode
|
T |
setKeyStoreFactoryClass(java.lang.Class<? extends KeyStoreFactory> keyStoreFactoryClass) |
T |
setLogcatArguments(java.lang.String... logcatArguments)
Arguments to be passed to the logcat command line.
|
T |
setLogcatFilterByPid(boolean logcatFilterByPid)
Set this to true if you want to include only logcat lines related to your
Application process.
|
T |
setMailTo(java.lang.String mailTo)
Add your crash reports mailbox here if you want to send reports via
email.
|
T |
setNonBlockingReadForLogcat(boolean nonBlockingReadForLogcat)
Set this to true if you want to read logcat lines in a non blocking way for your
thread.
|
T |
setReportAsFile(boolean reportAsFile) |
T |
setReportDialogClass(java.lang.Class<? extends BaseCrashReportDialog> reportDialogClass) |
T |
setReportingInteractionMode(ReportingInteractionMode reportingInteractionMode)
The interaction mode you want to implement.
|
T |
setReportPrimerClass(java.lang.Class<? extends ReportPrimer> reportPrimerClass) |
T |
setReportSenderFactoryClasses(java.lang.Class<? extends ReportSenderFactory>... reportSenderFactoryClasses)
The default
ReportSenderFactory creates an EmailIntentSender
if the 'mailTo' parameter is defined or an HttpSender if the 'formUri' parameter
is defined (and internet permission has been granted. |
T |
setReportType(HttpSender.Type reportType)
The
HttpSender.Type to be used when posting with formUri() . |
T |
setResCertificate(int resCertificate) |
T |
setResDialogCommentPrompt(int resDialogCommentPrompt) |
T |
setResDialogEmailPrompt(int resDialogEmailPrompt) |
T |
setResDialogIcon(int resDialogIcon) |
T |
setResDialogNegativeButtonText(int resDialogNegativeButtonText) |
T |
setResDialogOkToast(int resDialogOkToast) |
T |
setResDialogPositiveButtonText(int resDialogPositiveButtonText) |
T |
setResDialogText(int resDialogText) |
T |
setResDialogTheme(int resDialogTheme) |
T |
setResDialogTitle(int resDialogTitle) |
T |
setResNotifIcon(int resNotifIcon) |
T |
setResNotifText(int resNotifText) |
T |
setResNotifTickerText(int resNotifTickerText) |
T |
setResNotifTitle(int resNotifTitle) |
T |
setResToastText(int resToastText)
Resource id for the Toast text triggered when the application crashes if
the
ReportingInteractionMode.TOAST mode is used. |
T |
setRetryPolicyClass(java.lang.Class<? extends RetryPolicy> retryPolicyClass) |
T |
setSendReportsInDevMode(boolean sendReportsInDevMode)
Set this to false if you want to disable sending reports in development
mode.
|
T |
setSharedPreferencesMode(int sharedPreferencesMode)
If using a custom
ReportsCrashes.sharedPreferencesName() , pass
here the mode that you need for the SharedPreference file creation:
Context.MODE_PRIVATE , Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE or
Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE . |
T |
setSharedPreferencesName(java.lang.String sharedPreferencesName) |
T |
setSocketTimeout(int socketTimeout)
If the request is retried due to timeout, the socketTimeout will double
before retrying the request.
|
T |
setStopServicesOnCrash(boolean stopServicesOnCrash) |
public BaseConfigurationBuilder(@NonNull android.app.Application app)
public T setFormUri(@NonNull java.lang.String formUri)
formUri
- URI of a custom server to which to post reports.public T setReportingInteractionMode(@NonNull ReportingInteractionMode reportingInteractionMode)
The interaction mode you want to implement. Default is
ReportingInteractionMode.SILENT
which does not require any
resources configuration.
Other modes have resources requirements:
ReportingInteractionMode.TOAST
requires
resToastText()
to be provided to define the text that you want
to be displayed to the user when a report is being sent.ReportingInteractionMode.NOTIFICATION
requires
resNotifTickerText()
, resNotifTitle()
,
resNotifText()
, resDialogText()
.ReportingInteractionMode.DIALOG
requires
resDialogText()
.
Default is ReportingInteractionMode.SILENT
reportingInteractionMode
- the interaction mode that you want ACRA to implement.public T setResDialogPositiveButtonText(@StringRes int resDialogPositiveButtonText)
resDialogPositiveButtonText
- Resource id for the label of positive button in the crash dialog.
If not provided, defaults to 'OK'.public T setResDialogNegativeButtonText(@StringRes int resDialogNegativeButtonText)
resDialogNegativeButtonText
- Resource id for the label of negative button in the crash dialog.
If not provided, defaults to 'cancel'.public T setResDialogCommentPrompt(@StringRes int resDialogCommentPrompt)
resDialogCommentPrompt
- Resource id for the user comment input label in the crash dialog.
If not provided, disables the input field.public T setResDialogEmailPrompt(@StringRes int resDialogEmailPrompt)
resDialogEmailPrompt
- Resource id for the user email address input label in the crash
dialog. If not provided, disables the input field.public T setResDialogIcon(@DrawableRes int resDialogIcon)
resDialogIcon
- Resource id for the icon in the crash dialog. Default value is
the system alert icon.public T setResDialogOkToast(@StringRes int resDialogOkToast)
resDialogOkToast
- Resource id for the Toast text triggered when the user accepts to
send a report in the crash dialog.public T setResDialogText(@StringRes int resDialogText)
resDialogText
- Resource id for the text in the crash dialog.public T setResDialogTitle(@StringRes int resDialogTitle)
resDialogTitle
- Resource id for the title in the crash dialog.public T setResDialogTheme(@StyleRes int resDialogTheme)
resDialogTheme
- resource id for the crash dialog themepublic T setResNotifIcon(@DrawableRes int resNotifIcon)
resNotifIcon
- Resource id for the icon in the status bar notification. Default
is the system error notification icon.public T setResNotifText(@StringRes int resNotifText)
resNotifText
- Resource id for the text in the status bar notification.public T setResNotifTickerText(@StringRes int resNotifTickerText)
resNotifTickerText
- Resource id for the ticker text in the status bar notification.public T setResNotifTitle(@StringRes int resNotifTitle)
resNotifTitle
- Resource id for the title in the status bar notification.public T setResToastText(@StringRes int resToastText)
ReportingInteractionMode.TOAST
mode is used. Can also be used
in ReportingInteractionMode.NOTIFICATION
and
ReportingInteractionMode.DIALOG
modes to display a Toast message
while the report is being created, before the dialog/notification
appears. This allows the user to know what is happening just before the
application is terminated.resToastText
- Resource id for the Toast text triggered when the application
crashes.public T setSharedPreferencesName(@NonNull java.lang.String sharedPreferencesName)
sharedPreferencesName
- Name of the SharedPreferences that will host ACRA settings you
can make accessible to your users through a preferences screen:
ACRA.PREF_DISABLE_ACRA
or ACRA.PREF_ENABLE_ACRA
ACRA.PREF_ALWAYS_ACCEPT
ACRA.PREF_ENABLE_DEVICE_ID
ACRA.PREF_ENABLE_SYSTEM_LOGS
PreferenceManager.getDefaultSharedPreferences(android.content.Context)
.public T setSharedPreferencesMode(int sharedPreferencesMode)
ReportsCrashes.sharedPreferencesName()
, pass
here the mode that you need for the SharedPreference file creation:
Context.MODE_PRIVATE
, Context.MODE_WORLD_READABLE
or
Context.MODE_WORLD_WRITEABLE
. Default is
Context.MODE_PRIVATE
.sharedPreferencesMode
- Mode to use with the SharedPreference creation.Context.getSharedPreferences(String, int)
public T setIncludeDropBoxSystemTags(boolean includeDropBoxSystemTags)
includeDropBoxSystemTags
- True if system tags are to be included as part of DropBox events.public T setAdditionalDropBoxTags(@NonNull java.lang.String... additionalDropBoxTags)
additionalDropBoxTags
- Array of tags that you want to be fetched when collecting DropBox
entries.public T setDropboxCollectionMinutes(int dropboxCollectionMinutes)
dropboxCollectionMinutes
- Number of minutes to look back when collecting events from
DropBoxManager.public T setLogcatArguments(@NonNull java.lang.String... logcatArguments)
Arguments to be passed to the logcat command line. Default is { "-t", "100", "-v", "time" } for:
logcat -t 100 -v time
Do not include -b arguments for buffer selection, include
ReportField.EVENTSLOG
and ReportField.RADIOLOG
in
ReportsCrashes.customReportContent()
to activate alternative
logcat buffers reporting. They will use the same other arguments as those
provided here.
logcatArguments
- Array of arguments to supply if retrieving the log as part of the
report.public T setFormUriBasicAuthLogin(@NonNull java.lang.String formUriBasicAuthLogin)
formUri()
parameter to send reports to a custom
server-side script, you can set here and in
formUriBasicAuthPassword()
the credentials for a BASIC HTTP
authentication.formUriBasicAuthLogin
- Login to use when posting reports to a custom server.public T setFormUriBasicAuthPassword(@NonNull java.lang.String formUriBasicAuthPassword)
formUri()
parameter to send reports to a custom
server-side script, you can set here and in
formUriBasicAuthLogin()
the credentials for a BASIC HTTP
authentication.formUriBasicAuthPassword
- Password to use when posting reports to a custom server.public T setCustomReportContent(@NonNull ReportField... customReportContent)
Redefines the list of ReportField
s collected and sent in your
reports.
The fields order is significant. You can also use this property to modify fields order in your reports.
The default list is the following, except if you send reports by mail
using mailTo()
.
ReportField.REPORT_ID
ReportField.APP_VERSION_CODE
ReportField.APP_VERSION_NAME
ReportField.PACKAGE_NAME
ReportField.FILE_PATH
ReportField.PHONE_MODEL
ReportField.BRAND
ReportField.PRODUCT
ReportField.ANDROID_VERSION
ReportField.BUILD
ReportField.TOTAL_MEM_SIZE
ReportField.AVAILABLE_MEM_SIZE
ReportField.CUSTOM_DATA
ReportField.IS_SILENT
ReportField.STACK_TRACE
ReportField.INITIAL_CONFIGURATION
ReportField.CRASH_CONFIGURATION
ReportField.DISPLAY
ReportField.USER_COMMENT
ReportField.USER_EMAIL
ReportField.USER_APP_START_DATE
ReportField.USER_CRASH_DATE
ReportField.DUMPSYS_MEMINFO
ReportField.LOGCAT
ReportField.INSTALLATION_ID
ReportField.DEVICE_FEATURES
ReportField.ENVIRONMENT
ReportField.SHARED_PREFERENCES
ReportField.SETTINGS_SYSTEM
ReportField.SETTINGS_SECURE
ReportField.SETTINGS_GLOBAL
customReportContent
- ReportField Array listing the fields to be included in the
report.public T setMailTo(@NonNull java.lang.String mailTo)
Add your crash reports mailbox here if you want to send reports via
email. This allows to get rid of the INTERNET permission. Reports content
can be customized with customReportContent()
. Default fields
are:
mailTo
- email address to which to send reports.public T setDeleteUnapprovedReportsOnApplicationStart(boolean deleteUnapprovedReportsOnApplicationStart)
Silent and Toast reports are automatically approved. Dialog and Notification reports required explicit approval by the user before they are sent.
On application restart the user is prompted with approval for any unsent reports. So you generally don't want to accumulate unapproved reports, otherwise you will prompt them multiple times.
If this is set to true then all unapproved reports bar one will be deleted on application start. The last report is always retained because that is the report that probably just happened.
If set to false then on restart the user will be prompted with approval for each unapproved report.
deleteUnapprovedReportsOnApplicationStart
- true if ACRA should delete unapproved reports on application start.public T setDeleteOldUnsentReportsOnApplicationStart(boolean deleteOldUnsentReportsOnApplicationStart)
deleteOldUnsentReportsOnApplicationStart
- true if ACRA should delete any unsent reports on startup if the
application has been updated since the last time the application
was started.public T setConnectionTimeout(int connectionTimeout)
connectionTimeout
- Value in milliseconds for timeout attempting to connect to a network (default 5000ms).public T setSocketTimeout(int socketTimeout)
socketTimeout
- Value in milliseconds for timeout receiving a response to a network request (default 8000ms).public T setAlsoReportToAndroidFramework(boolean alsoReportToAndroidFramework)
ReportingInteractionMode.DIALOG
for notification.alsoReportToAndroidFramework
- true if the native force close dialog should be displayed.public T setAdditionalSharedPreferences(@NonNull java.lang.String... additionalSharedPreferences)
SharedPreferences
identifier Strings if you use
others than your application's default. They will be added to the
ReportField.SHARED_PREFERENCES
field.additionalSharedPreferences
- String Array containing the names of the additional preferences.public T setLogcatFilterByPid(boolean logcatFilterByPid)
logcatFilterByPid
- true if you want to filter logcat with your process id.public T setNonBlockingReadForLogcat(boolean nonBlockingReadForLogcat)
nonBlockingReadForLogcat
- true if you want that reading of logcat lines to not block current thread.public T setSendReportsInDevMode(boolean sendReportsInDevMode)
sendReportsInDevMode
- false if reports should not be sent.public T setExcludeMatchingSharedPreferencesKeys(@NonNull java.lang.String... excludeMatchingSharedPreferencesKeys)
excludeMatchingSharedPreferencesKeys
- an array of regex patterns, every matching key is not collected.public T setExcludeMatchingSettingsKeys(@NonNull java.lang.String... excludeMatchingSettingsKeys)
excludeMatchingSettingsKeys
- an array of regex patterns, every matching key is not collected.public T setBuildConfigClass(@NonNull java.lang.Class buildConfigClass)
buildConfigClass
- BuildConfig class from which to read any BuildConfig attributes.public T setReportSenderFactoryClasses(@NonNull java.lang.Class<? extends ReportSenderFactory>... reportSenderFactoryClasses)
ReportSenderFactory
creates an EmailIntentSender
if the 'mailTo' parameter is defined or an HttpSender
if the 'formUri' parameter
is defined (and internet permission has been granted.reportSenderFactoryClasses
- List of the ReportSenderFactory
with which to construct the
ReportSender
s that will send the crash reports.public T setApplicationLogFile(@NonNull java.lang.String applicationLogFile)
ReportField.APPLICATION_LOG
to set the
path/name of your application log file. If the string does not contain
any path separator, the file is assumed as being in
Context.getFilesDir()
.applicationLogFile
- a String containing the path/name of your application log file.
If the string does not contain any path separator, the file is
assumed as being in Context.getFilesDir()
.public T setApplicationLogFileLines(int applicationLogFileLines)
ReportField.APPLICATION_LOG
to set the
number of latest lines of your application log file to be collected.
Default value is 100.applicationLogFileLines
- number of lines to collect.public T setApplicationLogFileDir(@NonNull Directory applicationLogFileDir)
ReportField.APPLICATION_LOG
to set the root
for the path provided in applicationLogFile()
applicationLogFileDir
- the directory of the application log filepublic T setReportDialogClass(@NonNull java.lang.Class<? extends BaseCrashReportDialog> reportDialogClass)
reportDialogClass
- Class for the CrashReportDialog used when prompting the user for crash details.
If not provided, defaults to CrashReportDialog.classpublic T setReportPrimerClass(@NonNull java.lang.Class<? extends ReportPrimer> reportPrimerClass)
reportPrimerClass
- Class that is ued to provide any extra details for a crash.public T setHttpMethod(@NonNull HttpSender.Method httpMethod)
The HttpSender.Method
to be used when posting with formUri()
.
httpMethod
- HTTP method used when posting reports.public T setReportType(@NonNull HttpSender.Type reportType)
The HttpSender.Type
to be used when posting with formUri()
.
reportType
- the report type used when posting reportspublic T setKeyStoreFactoryClass(@NonNull java.lang.Class<? extends KeyStoreFactory> keyStoreFactoryClass)
keyStoreFactoryClass
- Class which creates a keystore that can contain trusted certificatespublic T setCertificatePath(@NonNull java.lang.String certificatePath)
certificatePath
- path to a custom trusted certificate. Must start with "asset://" if the file is in the assets folderpublic T setResCertificate(@RawRes int resCertificate)
resCertificate
- resource id of a custom trusted certificate.public T setCertificateType(@NonNull java.lang.String certificateType)
certificateType
- specify the type of the certificate set in either certificatePath()
or resCertificate()
public T setRetryPolicyClass(@NonNull java.lang.Class<? extends RetryPolicy> retryPolicyClass)
retryPolicyClass
- a Class that decides if a report should be resent (usually if one or more senders failed).public T setStopServicesOnCrash(boolean stopServicesOnCrash)
stopServicesOnCrash
- true if all services running in a process should be stopped before it is killed.public T setAttachmentUris(@NonNull java.lang.String... attachmentUris)
ACRA contains a file provider under the following Uri:
content://[applicationId].acra/[Directory]/[Path]
where [applicationId] is your application package name,
[Directory] is one of the enum constants in Directory
in lower case
and [Path] is the relative path to the file in that directory
e.g. content://org.acra.provider/files/thisIsATest.txt
attachmentUris
- uris to be attached to crash reports.public T setAttachmentUriProvider(@NonNull java.lang.Class<? extends AttachmentUriProvider> attachmentUriProvider)
attachmentUriProvider
- a class that decides which uris should be attached to reportspublic T setReportAsFile(boolean reportAsFile)
reportAsFile
- if the report should be an attachment instead of plain text. Supported for email mode.


To run this example please run server side with 'node server' command and open some browser clients at 'http://localhost:3000' address.


roadblock.emf.ibl.Ibl.impl
Classes
CellImpl
DeviceImpl
IblFactoryImpl
IblPackageImpl
ModelImpl
MoleculeImpl
ProcessImpl
RuleImpl