| Title | Date Submitted | Last Updated | Ticket Status* |
|---|---|---|---|
| {{ ticket.created_at | date:'mediumDate' }} | {{ ticket.updated_at | date:'mediumDate' }} | {{ ticket.status }} |
| Open | Pending | Hold |
|---|---|---|
| Support is investigating and will follow-up with an update | Waiting on response from CSM OR Support waiting on response from Product/Engineering | Engineering is in progress of investigating/resolving |


The SQL code below adds schemas, a table and two stored procedures to an existing Microsoft SQL Server database. This second database is not essential to calling the REDCap API, but it helps manage tokens securely.
This database contains the tokens and other sensitive content (such
as passwords, API tokens, and file paths) that should not be stored in a
Git repository (even a private Git repository). These passwords can be
retrieved by REDCapR::retrieve_credential_mssql()
.
After executing the SQL code in an existing database, create an ODBC DSN on each client machine that calls the database. Download the most recent drivers (as of Aug 2018, the most recent version is 17 for Windows and Linux), then run the wizard. Many values in the wizard will remain at the default values. Here are the important ones to change.
name
field to whatever is used in the
repository’s R code.Integrated Windows authentication
.default database
to the name of the database
that containing the tokensIn our code below, both DSN and database are named
auxiliary_security
.
We use Microsoft SQL Server, because that fits our university’s infrastructure most easily. But this approach theoretically can work with any LDAP-enabled database server. Please contact us if your institution is using something other than SQL Server (or a different configuration of these components), and would like help adapting this approach.
This SQL code is run once inside an existing database to establish
the schemas, table, and stored procedure used by
REDCapR::retrieve_credential_mssql()
. In this example,
we’ve arbitrarily called the database
auxiliary_security
.
------- SQL code to create necessary components in a Microsoft SQL Sever database -------
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Create two schemas.
-- The first schema is accessible by all REDCap API users.
-- The second schema is restricted to administrators.
--
CREATE SCHEMA [redcap]
CREATE SCHEMA [redcap_private]
GO
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Create a table to contain the token
CREATE TABLE redcap_private.tbl_credential (
id smallint primary key,
varchar(30) not null,
username smallint not null,
project_id instance varchar(30) not null,
char(32) not null,
token varchar(255) not null
redcap_uri
)
CREATE UNIQUE NONCLUSTERED INDEX IX_tbl_credential_unique ON redcap_private.tbl_credential (
instance asc,
asc,
project_id asc
username
)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Create a stored procedure for users to call to retrieve the token.
-- Notice it should a different (and more permissive) schema than the table.
--
CREATE PROCEDURE redcap.prc_credential
smallint,
@project_id varchar(30)
@instance AS
BEGIN
SET NOCOUNT ON;
SELECT username, project_id, token, redcap_uri FROM redcap_private.tbl_credential
WHERE
= system_user -- The username from the server's OS.
username AND
= @project_id -- Restricts to the desired REDCap project.
project_id AND
instance = @instance -- System accommodates multiple REDCap instances.
END
Add a user’s LDAP account to the auxiliary_security
database so that they can query the tables to retrieve their API.
Notice that this only gives the permissions to retrieve the token.
You still must grant them API privileges to each appropriate REDCap
project. The automation in the R file below will copy the API token from
the MySQL database into the auxiliary_security
database
(see the ‘Transfer Credentials’ section).
Only database admins should have authorization for the ‘redcap_private’ schema. Typical users should not be authorized for this schema. The current system allows typical users to view only their own tokens.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- Add a user account to the auxiliary_security database so that they can query the tables to retrieve their API.
-- Notice that this only gives the permissions to retrieve the token. You must still:
-- 1) grant them API privileges to each appropriate REDCap project, and
-- 2) copy the API from the REDCap database into the auxiliary_security database.
-- Also, do not give typical users authorization for the 'redcap_private' schema. The current system allows them to view only their own tokens.
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- STEP #1: Declare the user name. If everything runs correctly, this should be the only piece of code that you need to modify.
'Step #1 executing....'
print USE [master]
GODECLARE @qualified_user_name varchar(255); SET @qualified_user_name = '[OUHSC\lsuarez3]'
'Resulting login name: ' + @qualified_user_name; print ''
print
--EXEC sp_helplogins @LoginNamePattern=@qualified_user_name
--SELECT * FROM master..syslogins WHERE name = @qualified_user_name
--SELECT * FROM auxiliary_security.sys.sysusers
--SELECT * FROM sys.database_permissions
--SELECT * FROM sys.server_principals
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- STEP #2: Create a login for the *server*.
'Step #2 executing....'
print DECLARE @sql_create_login nvarchar(max)
SET @sql_create_login = 'CREATE LOGIN ' + @qualified_user_name + ' FROM WINDOWS WITH DEFAULT_DATABASE=[auxiliary_security]'
EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql_create_login
DECLARE @login_count AS INT; SET @login_count = (SELECT COUNT(*) AS login_count FROM master..syslogins WHERE '[' + loginname + ']' = @qualified_user_name)
'Logins matching desired name should equal 1. It equals: ' + CONVERT(varchar, @login_count); print ''
print
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- STEP #3: Create a user account for the *database*, after switching the database under focus to auxiliary_security.
'Step #3 executing....'
print USE [auxiliary_security]
DECLARE @sql_create_user nvarchar(max)
SET @sql_create_user = 'CREATE USER ' + @qualified_user_name + ' FOR LOGIN ' + @qualified_user_name
EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql_create_user
DECLARE @user_count AS INT; SET @user_count = (SELECT COUNT(*) AS user_count FROM auxiliary_security.sys.sysusers WHERE '[' + name + ']' = @qualified_user_name)
'User accounts matching desired name should equal 1. It equals: ' + CONVERT(varchar, @user_count); print ''
print
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- STEP #4: Grant appropriate privileges for the 'redcap' schema.
'Step #4 executing....'
print DECLARE @sql_grant_schema_redcap nvarchar(max)
SET @sql_grant_schema_redcap = 'GRANT EXECUTE ON SCHEMA::[redcap] TO ' + @qualified_user_name
EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql_grant_schema_redcap
'Step #4 executed'; print ''
print
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- STEP #5: Grant appropriate privileges for the 'Security' schema.
'Step #5 executing....'
print DECLARE @sql_grant_schema_security nvarchar(max)
SET @sql_grant_schema_security = 'GRANT EXECUTE ON SCHEMA::[security] TO ' + @qualified_user_name
EXECUTE sp_executesql @sql_grant_schema_security
'Step #5 executed'; print ''
print
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- OPTIONAL STEP: Delete the user from the database (the first line) and then the server (the second line).
-- The person's other database user accounts (besides with the auxiliary_security database) will NOT be automatically deleted by these two lines.
--USE [auxiliary_security]; DROP USER [OUHSC\lsuarez3]
--USE [master]; DROP LOGIN [OUHSC\lsuarez3]
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
-- REFERENCES & NOTES
--The @qualified_user_name must have both (a) the 'OUHSC' domain qualification, and (b) the square brackets (to escape the backslash).
--Using sp_executesql to add users: https://www.sqlservercentral.com/Forums/Topic497615-359-1.aspx
--Check if a server login exists: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/37275/sql-query-for-logins
--Retrieve database users: https://stackoverflow.com/questions/2445444/how-to-get-a-list-of-users-for-all-instances-databases
--Concatenating strings: https://blog.sqlauthority.com/2010/11/25/sql-server-concat-function-in-sql-server-sql-concatenation/
--DROP USER from database: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms189438.aspx
--DROP LOGIN from server: https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms188012.aspx
--Declaring variables (eg, the username above): https://technet.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa258839.aspx
--A different (& non-dynamic) way to establish a user: https://pic.dhe.ibm.com/infocenter/dmndhelp/v8r5m0/index.jsp?topic=%2Fcom.ibm.wbpm.imuc.sbpm.doc%2Ftopics%2Fdb_create_users_nd_aix.html
--If the variable has to cross a 'GO' (which the current version of the script doesn't need): https://stackoverflow.com/questions/937336/is-there-a-way-to-persist-a-variable-across-a-go
Manually transferring tokens to the auxiliary server becomes unmanageable as your institution’s collection of API users grows. This script demonstrates how to programmatically transfer all tokens from multiple REDCap instances. The basic steps are:
auxiliary_security
here).rm(list=ls(all=TRUE)) #Clear the memory for any variables set from any previous runs.
# ---- load-sources ------------------------------------------------------------
# ---- load-packages -----------------------------------------------------------
if (!require(OuhscMunge))
stop('The `OuhscMunge` package needs to be installed with `remotes::install_github("OuhscBbmc/OuhscMunge")`.')
::assert(
testit"The `OuhscMunge` package should meet a minimal version.",
compareVersion( as.character(packageVersion("OuhscMunge")), "<IP_ADDRESS>09") >= 0L
)
library(magrittr)
requireNamespace("DBI")
requireNamespace("odbc")
requireNamespace("dplyr")
requireNamespace("readr")
requireNamespace("tibble")
requireNamespace("testit")
requireNamespace("checkmate")
requireNamespace("OuhscMunge") # remotes::install_github("OuhscBbmc/OuhscMunge")
# ---- declare-globals ---------------------------------------------------------
# This file assume your campus has two REDCap instances.
# Modify each (a) database name, (b) REDCap URL, and (c) DSN name.
<- "production"
name_production <- "dev"
name_dev
<- "https://redcap-production.ouhsc.edu/redcap/api/",
uri_production <- "https://redcap-dev.ouhsc.edu/redcap/api/"
uri_dev
<- "redcap-production"
dsn_production <- "redcap-dev"
dsn_dev <- "auxiliary_security" # The DSN of the token server.
dsn_source
# The Activity Directory name that should precede each username.
# This should correspond with the result of SQL Server's `SYSTEM_USER` function
# (https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms179930.aspx)
<- "OUHSC\\"
ldap_prefix
####
# Nothing below this line should need to change, assuming:
# 1. the vignette was followed exactly (https://ouhscbbmc.github.io/REDCapR/articles/SecurityDatabase.html),
# 2. your campus has exactly two REDCap instances.
# SQL sent to the MySQL database underneath each REDCap instance.
<- "
sql SELECT username, project_id, api_token
FROM redcap_user_rights
WHERE api_token IS NOT NULL
"
# Update this ad-hoc CSV. Each row should represent one REDCap instance.
<- tibble::tribble(
ds_url ~instance , ~redcap_uri,
name_production , uri_production,
name_dev , uri_dev
)
# Remove variables that aren't used below.
rm(uri_production, uri_dev)
# ---- load-data ---------------------------------------------------------------
# Load the credentials from the first/production REDCap instance.
<- DBI::dbConnect(odbc::odbc(), dsn=dsn_production)
cnn_production <- DBI::dbGetQuery(cnn_production, sql)
ds_production ::dbDisconnect(cnn_production); rm(cnn_production, dsn_production)
DBI
# Load the credentials from the second/dev REDCap instance.
<- DBI::dbConnect(odbc::odbc(), dsn=dsn_dev)
cnn_dev <- DBI::dbGetQuery(cnn_dev, sql)
ds_dev ::dbDisconnect(cnn_dev); rm(cnn_dev, dsn_dev)
DBI
rm(sql)
# Assert these are valid datasets and contain at least 5 rows.
# Adjust '5' to smaller value if necessary. It's just to catch blatant retrieval problems.
::assert_data_frame(ds_production, min.rows=5)
checkmate::assert_data_frame(ds_dev , min.rows=5)
checkmate
# ---- tweak-data --------------------------------------------------------------
# Label each instance, so they're distinguishable later.
$instance <- name_production
ds_production$instance <- name_dev
ds_dev
# Stack the token collection from each instance. Then prefix the username and include the URL of each instance.
<-
ds %>%
ds_production ::union(ds_dev) %>% # Remove union if the dev instance isn't included.
dplyr::as_tibble() %>%
tibble::select(
dplyrusername = username,
project_id = project_id,
instance = instance,
token = api_token
%>%
) ::mutate(
dplyrusername = paste0(ldap_prefix, username), # Qualify for the Active Directory.
%>%
) ::left_join( ds_url, by="instance") %>% # Include the instance URL.
dplyr::arrange(instance, project_id, username) %>%
dplyr::rowid_to_column("id") # For the sake of a clustered primary key.
tibble
rm(ds_production, ds_dev, ds_url)
rm(name_production, name_dev)
rm(ldap_prefix)
# ---- verify-values -----------------------------------------------------------
# Assert that the dataset is well-behaved.
# OuhscMunge::verify_value_headstart(ds)
::assert_integer( ds$id , any.missing=FALSE, lower=1, upper=.Machine$integer.max, unique=TRUE)
checkmate::assert_character(ds$username , any.missing=FALSE, pattern="^.{1,255}$" )
checkmate::assert_integer( ds$project_id , any.missing=FALSE, lower=1, upper=.Machine$integer.max )
checkmate::assert_character(ds$token , any.missing=FALSE, pattern="^[A-Z0-9]{32}$" , unique=TRUE)
checkmate::assert_character(ds$instance , any.missing=FALSE, pattern="^.{1,255}$" )
checkmate::assert_character(ds$redcap_uri , any.missing=FALSE, pattern="^.{1,255}$" )
checkmate
::assert(
testit"The `username` x `project_id` x `instance` must be unique.",
sum(duplicated(paste0(ds$username, "-", ds$project_id, "-", ds$instance))) == 0L
)
::assert("At least 10 tokens should be ready to write." , 10L <= nrow(ds))
testit
# ---- specify-columns-to-upload -----------------------------------------------
# Dictate the exact columns and order that will be uploaded.
<- c("id", "username", "project_id", "instance", "token", "redcap_uri")
columns_to_write <- ds[, columns_to_write]
ds_slim rm(columns_to_write)
# ---- upload-to-db ------------------------------------------------------------------
::upload_sqls_odbc(
OuhscMunged = ds_slim,
schema_name = "redcap_private",
table_name = "tbl_credential",
dsn_name = dsn_source,
create_table = FALSE,
clear_table = TRUE,
transaction = TRUE,
verbose = TRUE
)# Uploading 252 tokens takes 0.004 minutes.
This document is primarily based on REDCap version 8.4.0, and was last updated 2018-08-10. A development version of the document is available on GitHub: https://ouhscbbmc.github.io/REDCapR/articles/SecurityDatabase.html


Messi Scores On Argentina Return To Sink Brazil
by SW EditorLionel Messi struck on his return to international duty Friday following a three-month ban as Argentina defeated fierce rivals Brazil 1-0 in a friendly in Riyadh.
The Barcelona forward was suspended by CONMEBOL for accusing South American football’s ruling body of “corruption” after he was sent off in July’s third-place play-off with Chile at the Copa America.
Messi netted the only goal of the game at the King Saud University Stadium on 13 minutes, tapping home the rebound after his penalty was saved by Brazil goalkeeper Alisson.
His effort came shortly after Manchester City striker Gabriel Jesus rolled a spot-kick wide for Brazil, who were playing without the injured Neymar.
Messi, who scored with a pair of free-kicks in his last game with Barcelona, twice threatened from set pieces in the second half before Liverpool ‘keeper Alisson beat away a powerful drive from Leandro Paredes.
Rodrygo, the 18-year-old who scored a sensational Champions League hat-trick with Real Madrid this month, made his Brazil debut as he replaced Willian for the final 20 minutes.
However, Brazil were unable to find an equaliser as their winless run since capturing the Copa America title extended to five matches.
“It’s important to win and it is always nice to beat Brazil, for the rivalry, which feels a lot of late,” said Messi.
“It’s good for everything that is to come, to continue growing while looking towards the qualifiers and the next Copa America (in 2020).”
The meeting between the two South American giants was the second in Saudi Arabia in little over a year. Brazil beat Argentina 1-0 in Jeddah in October 2018.
Brazil also defeated Argentina 2-0 at home in the semi-finals of this year’s Copa America, a controversial match that left Messi complaining the hosts had benefited from favouritism.
Brazil will play a friendly against South Korea in Abu Dhabi on November 19, in their final game before South American qualifying starts for the 2022 World Cup in March.


You won't see this line because we're returning an error code. See the net/http documentation for a list of available error codes.
net/http


--- layout: page title: Music description: "Music page for glendoncheney.com" share: false comments: false ---
This is a collection of music for films and music libraries that I composed and produced alongside my wife, Youngjae Lee.


Pioneer DJ Announces XDJ-XZ
Pro-level features in a compact format
by KaneToday, Pioneer DJ has announced their latest installment into their XDJ all-in-one line, the XDJ-XZ. Building off the previous iterations, the XZ adds Nexus2 features into their compact controller, combining two full-size decks with a 4-channel mixer, to be used with or Rekordbox or standalone. The new XDJ-XZ has all the Nexus2 effects you have come to love from their 900 series mixers, as well as a new feedback reducer, that instantly kills that annoying ringing that happens when a monitor is too close to a mic. The new XDJ-XZ is also Serato ready right out of the box, without the need for any additional hardware.
The XZ can also act as a hub for additional players via the Pro-DJ Link, allowing you to use two additional players. There are line and phono connections as well for turntables and players should you decide to ditch Rekordbox. Three USB ports allow for seamless transitioning or b2b sets, and the performance pads can take your mixing to the next level. Check out the intro video below, and head to Pioneer's website for more information.


Class to regenerate the interaction model and sample utterances speech
assets for Alexa if in test environment
Entry point to regeneration of
the interactionModel.json and sampleUtterances.txt files
Methods
- G
Class Public methods
generate(interaction_file, utterances_file)
Link
Source: show
# File app/speech_assets/speech_asset_generator.rb, line 9 def self.generate(interaction_file, utterances_file) # Build an in memory JSON Interaction Model in Alexa 1.0 format interim_model_builder = InterimModelBuilder.new(AlexaGenerator::InteractionModel, IntentBuilders::CUSTOM_INTENTS, IntentBuilders::AMAZON_INTENTS) # Create the sample utterances file in Alexa 1.0 format utterance_model = UtterancesModel.new(interim_model_builder.model) utterance_model.save(utterances_file) # Create the interaction json file in Alexa 2.0 format combiner = InteractionModel.new(interim_model_builder, utterance_model) combiner.save(interaction_file) end


Put on the headset, get on the stage
Out on the midnight, escapade
I didn't wanna steal your thunder
I wouldn't wanna play your game
Making all the headlines, getting on the front page
Didn't even know her number, didn't even know her name
Stand up, stand up and take it
Stand up, stand up and make it
Stand up, stand up and face it
Stand up
Get on the red dress, slip on the lace
Up for a high heel, and a pretty face
Woman wanna get you under
Woman wanna get you tame
Loving on a hot night
Stoking up the flame
I didn't wanna know her number, I didn't wanna know her name
Stand up, stand up and take it
Stand up, stand up and make it
Stand up, stand up and face it
Stand up
You can make it
Stand up, stand up and take it
Stand up, stand up and make it
Stand up, stand up and face it
Stand up, you can make it
Stand up, stand up and take it
Stand up, stand up and make it
Stand up, stand up and face it
Stand up, stand up


Alex Kipman sees HoloLens tech replacing every screen (eventually)
Microsoft engineer Alex Kipman shared his vision for HoloLens in a recent interview.
by Sean EndicottSource: Windows Central
What you need to know
- Alex Kipman shared his vision for the future of the HoloLens in a recent interview.
- Kipman believes that the HoloLens could replace screens such as monitors and phones.
- Kipman speculated about a potential future in which you could speak with an AI version of a person who died years ago.
Alex Kipman shared his vision and goals for HoloLens in a recent interview with Smithsonian. In the interview, Kipman discussed the development of the HoloLens 2, its roll in the future, and his goals for the device.
Kipman is the man behind the machine, leading the engineering efforts of the HoloLens and HoloLens 2. Kipman discussed in the interview a potential future in which the HoloLens replaces multiple popular devices for everyday people, asking, "Why would I have my computer if I have infinite monitors in front of me? Why would I have a phone?" Kipman admits that this future is far away, stating, "We've got a ways to go before we've got something that you can wear all day." According to the Smithsonian, Kipman believes that a HoloLens device will eventually be as small as a pair of glasses.
Hands-on with HoloLens 2 and its Windows Core OS
The interview breaks down several discussions with Kipman, including the potential for HoloLens to facilitate communication. Kipman discussed how HoloLens could be used to speak with someone far away as if they were in the same room. He even took it further, playfully discussing the possibility to talk with an AI version of a person who has passed, "Wouldn't it be nice if you were in your home, and I had been dead a hundred years, and we were having this conversation?"
Holographic computing
Microsoft HoloLens 2
HoloLens, but better
HoloLens 2 takes everything that made the original great and turns it up to 11. With a new carbon-fiber body, extra padding, eye tracking, and a wider field of view, the headset should have no problem finding success among developers and firstline workers.
We may earn a commission for purchases using our links. Learn more.


(Route : File Menu, Export Command)
This Export dialog box allows you to select the format of the messages that you wish to export from Ameol.
Choose the format from the Export list and then click the OK button to proceed with the export process.
The Ameol Scratchpad option outputs the data in Ameol Scratchpad format for importing into Ameol, Ameol or any other OLR. The output of this format will include the message headers.
The Text File option outputs the data in plain text without the headers and is more suitable for printing or forwarding. The resulting file can not be imported into an OLR.
The Address Book option allows you to export your Ameol address book as a CSV file or as a CSV file with groups.
You can go straight to the main Export dialog by pressing Control-E from any Ameol message window. In this case the CIX Scratchpad format will be used. Click here for other keyboard shortcuts.


Porcini mushroom risotto recipe
by Angela HartnettThis sustaining supper requires very little preparation; simply soak the porcini mushrooms and start cooking. It's perfect for a midweek meal or satisfying weekend supper.
Risotto shouldn’t be too solid. It shouldn’t be like a soup, but it should pour easily. Adding one ladleful of stock at a time and allowing it to absorb is the best way. It’s critical not to overcook it, and essential to use a great home-made stock.
Prep time: 5 minutes | Cooking time: 25 minutes
SERVES
four to six
INGREDIENTS
- 2 tbsp oil
- A few knobs of butter for cooking, plus 75g cold butter, diced
- 1 large shallot, finely chopped to make about 2 tbsp
- 1 garlic clove, finely chopped
- 350g risotto rice
- 50g dried porcini mushrooms (the lighter in colour the better), soaked in hot water to rehydrate
- 1 litre hot light chicken stock
- Handful of chopped flat leaf parsley
- Grated parmesan, added to taste
- Handful of sautéed ceps, to finish
METHOD
- Heat the oil and butter in a large heavy-bottomed pan. Add the shallot and garlic and cook for five minutes, or until the shallot is cooked and soft without any colour.
- Add another couple of knobs of butter along with the risotto rice and toast it in the bubbling butter for a few minutes. Drain and chop the soaked porcini and add to the rice.
- Start to add the hot chicken stock a ladleful at a time, adding the next lot only when it has cooked away in the pan. Cook for 16 to 18 minutes in total, until the rice is tender with a bite.
- Remove the pan from the heat and stir in the cold diced butter and parmesan to taste. The risotto should be loose and pourable – add more butter if necessary and check the seasoning.
- Finish with the chopped parsley and some sautéed ceps.


Employment Application
{# action isn't needed since I'm doing this in one function #} {%csrf_token%} {{jobForm}}
Submit


What I've learn about Rails so far II
Sept 26 2016
Scope and Direct Query from PostgreSQL
Scoping allows you to specify commonly-used queries which can be referenced as method calls on the association objects or models(e.g. Article.reviewed) With these scopes, you can use every method previously covered such as where, joins and includes. All scope methods will return an ActiveRecord::Relation object which will allow for further methods - chain (such as other scopes) to be called on it.
When there are boolean data-type attributes, scope gives very easy way of accessing data. e.g. closed -> funding_closed: true. I found that scope could takes lots of efforts if you are not familiar with SQL commands. Let's take a look at scope 'pipeline'.
pipeline -> { joins(:startup).merge(Startup.not_rejected).not_published.where(funding_opened: false, invest_group_id: nil).order(created_at: :desc) }
When you call Deal.pipeline, it will go to Deal's table and find associated Startup(that's essentially what join(:startup) does), and then select Deals that their startup is not rejected and then call .not_published and so on. I've always temped to use scope instead of using method because it is fun to play around. It is compeletely developer's call to use either scope of method.
For instance when you using conditional in the scope, this is unclear which is better approach. One thing I want to remind to use cocnditional scope is that, A scope will always return an ActiveRecord::Relation object, even if the conditional evaluates to false, whereas a class method, will return nil. This can cause NoMethodError when chaining class methods with conditionals, if any of the conditionals return false.
Selective Validation
Rails allow easy validation on attributes in the model. But problem raises when you want to save data from other sources. For instance, you want to allow user to be saved their applications although mandatory fields are NOT all filled. In this case, with partial or selective valication, we can save the application by each step without satisfying all requirements.
In this example, offline_amount_raised and outside_investor_count can be only validated from controller action - apply and onboarding.
Delegate
Delegate provides a delegate class method to easily expose contained objects’ public methods as your own.
Delegate is very useful with ActiveRecord Association. Let's take look at a simple example.
polymorphic associations (as: :nick_name )
With polymorphic associations, a model can belong to more than one other model (as: ), on a single association.
To retrive pictures, @employee.pictures or @product.pictures. To retrive who own the picture, it should be @picture.imageable. @picture.employee or @picture.product will throw invalid error.


| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final String |
CHILD_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT |
"spark.launcher.childConnectionTimeout" |
public static final String |
CHILD_PROCESS_LOGGER_NAME |
"spark.launcher.childProcLoggerName" |
public static final String |
DEPLOY_MODE |
"spark.submit.deployMode" |
public static final String |
DEPRECATED_CHILD_CONNECTION_TIMEOUT |
"spark.launcher.childConectionTimeout" |
public static final String |
DRIVER_DEFAULT_JAVA_OPTIONS |
"spark.driver.defaultJavaOptions" |
public static final String |
DRIVER_EXTRA_CLASSPATH |
"spark.driver.extraClassPath" |
public static final String |
DRIVER_EXTRA_JAVA_OPTIONS |
"spark.driver.extraJavaOptions" |
public static final String |
DRIVER_EXTRA_LIBRARY_PATH |
"spark.driver.extraLibraryPath" |
public static final String |
DRIVER_MEMORY |
"spark.driver.memory" |
public static final String |
EXECUTOR_CORES |
"spark.executor.cores" |
public static final String |
EXECUTOR_DEFAULT_JAVA_OPTIONS |
"spark.executor.defaultJavaOptions" |
public static final String |
EXECUTOR_EXTRA_CLASSPATH |
"spark.executor.extraClassPath" |
public static final String |
EXECUTOR_EXTRA_JAVA_OPTIONS |
"spark.executor.extraJavaOptions" |
public static final String |
EXECUTOR_EXTRA_LIBRARY_PATH |
"spark.executor.extraLibraryPath" |
public static final String |
EXECUTOR_MEMORY |
"spark.executor.memory" |
public static final String |
NO_RESOURCE |
"spark-internal" |
public static final String |
SPARK_LOCAL_REMOTE |
"spark.local.connect" |
public static final String |
SPARK_MASTER |
"spark.master" |
public static final String |
SPARK_REMOTE |
"spark.remote" |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
UPDATE_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
VALUE_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
APP_SPARK_VERSION_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
ATTEMPT_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
COMPLETED_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
DURATION_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
END_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
LAST_UPDATED_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
SPARK_USER_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
START_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
CLASSPATH_ENTRIES_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
HADOOP_PROPERTIES_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
METRICS_PROPERTIES_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
RESOURCE_PROFILES_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
RUNTIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
SPARK_PROPERTIES_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
SYSTEM_PROPERTIES_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ATTEMPTS_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
CORES_GRANTED_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
CORES_PER_EXECUTOR_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
MAX_CORES_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_PER_EXECUTOR_MB_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
NUM_COMPLETED_JOBS_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
NUM_COMPLETED_STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DETERMINISTIC_LEVEL_DETERMINATE_VALUE |
1 |
public static final int |
DETERMINISTIC_LEVEL_INDETERMINATE_VALUE |
3 |
public static final int |
DETERMINISTIC_LEVEL_UNORDERED_VALUE |
2 |
public static final int |
DETERMINISTIC_LEVEL_UNSPECIFIED_VALUE |
0 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DISK_BYTES_SPILLED_FIELD_NUMBER |
15 |
public static final int |
FAILED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
INPUT_BYTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
INPUT_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
KILLED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_BYTES_SPILLED_FIELD_NUMBER |
14 |
public static final int |
OUTPUT_BYTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
OUTPUT_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
PEAK_MEMORY_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
16 |
public static final int |
QUANTILES_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_READ_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_WRITE_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_WRITE_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
13 |
public static final int |
SUCCEEDED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
TASK_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
QUANTILES_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
AMOUNT_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
DISCOVERYSCRIPT_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
RESOURCE_NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
VENDOR_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DISK_BYTES_SPILLED_FIELD_NUMBER |
14 |
public static final int |
FAILED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
INPUT_BYTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
INPUT_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
IS_BLACKLISTED_FOR_STAGE_FIELD_NUMBER |
15 |
public static final int |
IS_EXCLUDED_FOR_STAGE_FIELD_NUMBER |
17 |
public static final int |
KILLED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_BYTES_SPILLED_FIELD_NUMBER |
13 |
public static final int |
OUTPUT_BYTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
OUTPUT_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
PEAK_MEMORY_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
16 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_READ_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_WRITE_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_WRITE_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
SUCCEEDED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
TASK_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
STAGE_ATTEMPT_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
STAGE_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ACTIVE_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
ADD_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
20 |
public static final int |
ATTRIBUTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
27 |
public static final int |
BLACKLISTED_IN_STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
25 |
public static final int |
COMPLETED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
DISK_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
EXCLUDED_IN_STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
31 |
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_LOGS_FIELD_NUMBER |
23 |
public static final int |
FAILED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
HOST_PORT_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
IS_ACTIVE_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
IS_BLACKLISTED_FIELD_NUMBER |
18 |
public static final int |
IS_EXCLUDED_FIELD_NUMBER |
30 |
public static final int |
MAX_MEMORY_FIELD_NUMBER |
19 |
public static final int |
MAX_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
24 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
PEAK_MEMORY_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
26 |
public static final int |
RDD_BLOCKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
REMOVE_REASON_FIELD_NUMBER |
22 |
public static final int |
REMOVE_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
21 |
public static final int |
RESOURCE_PROFILE_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
29 |
public static final int |
RESOURCES_FIELD_NUMBER |
28 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_CORES_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_DURATION_FIELD_NUMBER |
13 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_GC_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
14 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_INPUT_BYTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
15 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_SHUFFLE_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
16 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_SHUFFLE_WRITE_FIELD_NUMBER |
17 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
RECORDS_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
RECORDS_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
COMPLETION_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
DESCRIPTION_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
JOB_GROUP_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
JOB_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
KILL_TASKS_SUMMARY_FIELD_NUMBER |
20 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
NUM_ACTIVE_STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
16 |
public static final int |
NUM_ACTIVE_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
NUM_COMPLETED_INDICES_FIELD_NUMBER |
15 |
public static final int |
NUM_COMPLETED_STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
17 |
public static final int |
NUM_COMPLETED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
NUM_FAILED_STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
19 |
public static final int |
NUM_FAILED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
13 |
public static final int |
NUM_KILLED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
14 |
public static final int |
NUM_SKIPPED_STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
18 |
public static final int |
NUM_SKIPPED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
NUM_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
STAGE_IDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
STATUS_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
SUBMISSION_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
SKIPPED_STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
SQL_EXECUTION_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
JOB_EXECUTION_STATUS_FAILED_VALUE |
3 |
public static final int |
JOB_EXECUTION_STATUS_RUNNING_VALUE |
1 |
public static final int |
JOB_EXECUTION_STATUS_SUCCEEDED_VALUE |
2 |
public static final int |
JOB_EXECUTION_STATUS_UNKNOWN_VALUE |
4 |
public static final int |
JOB_EXECUTION_STATUS_UNSPECIFIED_VALUE |
0 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
TOTAL_OFF_HEAP_STORAGE_MEMORY_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_ON_HEAP_STORAGE_MEMORY_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
USED_OFF_HEAP_STORAGE_MEMORY_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
USED_ON_HEAP_STORAGE_MEMORY_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BYTES_WRITTEN_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
RECORDS_WRITTEN_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BYTES_WRITTEN_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
RECORDS_WRITTEN_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
VALUE1_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
VALUE2_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
STAGE_IDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ADD_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
HOST_PORT_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
IS_ACTIVE_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
PROCESS_LOGS_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
REMOVE_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_CORES_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ADDRESS_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
DISK_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_REMAINING_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
OFF_HEAP_MEMORY_REMAINING_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
OFF_HEAP_MEMORY_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
ON_HEAP_MEMORY_REMAINING_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
ON_HEAP_MEMORY_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
CHILD_CLUSTERS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
CHILD_NODES_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
FROM_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
TO_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
EDGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
INCOMING_EDGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
OUTGOING_EDGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
ROOT_CLUSTER_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
STAGE_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BARRIER_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
CACHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
CALLSITE_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
OUTPUT_DETERMINISTIC_LEVEL_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BLOCK_NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
DISK_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
EXECUTORS_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
STORAGE_LEVEL_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DATA_DISTRIBUTION_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
DISK_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_USED_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
NUM_CACHED_PARTITIONS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
NUM_PARTITIONS_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
PARTITIONS_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
STORAGE_LEVEL_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ADDRESSES_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_RESOURCES_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
TASK_RESOURCES_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
RPINFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
JAVA_HOME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
JAVA_VERSION_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
SCALA_VERSION_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
CORRUPT_MERGED_BLOCK_CHUNKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_MERGED_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_MERGED_BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_MERGED_CHUNKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
MERGED_FETCH_FALLBACK_COUNT_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_MERGED_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_MERGED_BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_MERGED_CHUNKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_MERGED_REQS_DURATION_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
CORRUPT_MERGED_BLOCK_CHUNKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_MERGED_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_MERGED_BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_MERGED_CHUNKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
MERGED_FETCH_FALLBACK_COUNT_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_MERGED_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_MERGED_BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_MERGED_CHUNKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_MERGED_REQS_DURATION_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
FETCH_WAIT_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
READ_BYTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
READ_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_BYTES_READ_TO_DISK_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_REQS_DURATION_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_PUSH_READ_METRICS_DIST_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
TOTAL_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
FETCH_WAIT_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
LOCAL_BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
RECORDS_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_BLOCKS_FETCHED_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_BYTES_READ_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_BYTES_READ_TO_DISK_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
REMOTE_REQS_DURATION_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_PUSH_READ_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
WRITE_BYTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
WRITE_RECORDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
WRITE_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BYTES_WRITTEN_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
RECORDS_WRITTEN_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
WRITE_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DESCRIPTION_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
NUM_OUTPUT_ROWS_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DESCRIPTION_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
END_OFFSET_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
INPUT_ROWS_PER_SECOND_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
LATEST_OFFSET_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
NUM_INPUT_ROWS_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
PROCESSED_ROWS_PER_SECOND_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
START_OFFSET_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DESC_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
NODES_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
FROM_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
TO_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DESC_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
CLUSTER_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
NODE_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
EDGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
EXECUTION_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
NODES_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
NUM_ACTIVE_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
NUM_COMPLETED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
NUM_FAILED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
NUM_KILLED_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
NUM_TASKS_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
STAGE_ATTEMPT_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
STAGE_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
COMPLETION_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
DESCRIPTION_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
DETAILS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
ERROR_MESSAGE_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
EXECUTION_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
JOBS_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
METRIC_VALUES_FIELD_NUMBER |
14 |
public static final int |
METRIC_VALUES_IS_NULL_FIELD_NUMBER |
13 |
public static final int |
METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
MODIFIED_CONFIGS_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
PHYSICAL_PLAN_DESCRIPTION_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
ROOT_EXECUTION_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
STAGES_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
SUBMISSION_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ACCUMULATOR_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
METRIC_TYPE_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
INFO_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
JOB_IDS_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
LOCALITY_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
STAGE_STATUS_ACTIVE_VALUE |
1 |
public static final int |
STAGE_STATUS_COMPLETE_VALUE |
2 |
public static final int |
STAGE_STATUS_FAILED_VALUE |
3 |
public static final int |
STAGE_STATUS_PENDING_VALUE |
4 |
public static final int |
STAGE_STATUS_SKIPPED_VALUE |
5 |
public static final int |
STAGE_STATUS_UNSPECIFIED_VALUE |
0 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ALL_REMOVALS_TIME_MS_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
ALL_UPDATES_TIME_MS_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
COMMIT_TIME_MS_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
CUSTOM_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_USED_BYTES_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
NUM_ROWS_DROPPED_BY_WATERMARK_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
NUM_ROWS_REMOVED_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
NUM_ROWS_TOTAL_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
NUM_ROWS_UPDATED_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
NUM_SHUFFLE_PARTITIONS_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
NUM_STATE_STORE_INSTANCES_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
OPERATOR_NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DESERIALIZED_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
DISK_SIZE_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
HOST_PORT_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
MEM_SIZE_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
STORAGE_LEVEL_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
USE_DISK_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
USE_MEMORY_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
END_TIMESTAMP_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
EXCEPTION_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
IS_ACTIVE_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
RUN_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
START_TIMESTAMP_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
BATCH_DURATION_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
BATCH_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
DURATION_MS_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
EVENT_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
OBSERVED_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
RUN_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
SINK_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
SOURCES_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
STATE_OPERATORS_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
TIMESTAMP_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
PROGRESS_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
ACCUMULATOR_UPDATES_FIELD_NUMBER |
13 |
public static final int |
ATTEMPT_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
DURATION_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
ERROR_MESSAGE_FIELD_NUMBER |
14 |
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_LOGS_FIELD_NUMBER |
16 |
public static final int |
GETTING_RESULT_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
18 |
public static final int |
HOST_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
INDEX_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
LAUNCH_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
PARTITION_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
RESULT_FETCH_START_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
SCHEDULER_DELAY_FIELD_NUMBER |
17 |
public static final int |
SPECULATIVE_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
STATUS_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
TASK_ID_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
TASK_LOCALITY_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
TASK_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
15 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
DISK_BYTES_SPILLED_FIELD_NUMBER |
9 |
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_CPU_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
4 |
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_DESERIALIZE_CPU_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_DESERIALIZE_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |
public static final int |
EXECUTOR_RUN_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
3 |
public static final int |
INPUT_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
11 |
public static final int |
JVM_GC_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
6 |
public static final int |
MEMORY_BYTES_SPILLED_FIELD_NUMBER |
8 |
public static final int |
OUTPUT_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
12 |
public static final int |
PEAK_EXECUTION_MEMORY_FIELD_NUMBER |
10 |
public static final int |
RESULT_SERIALIZATION_TIME_FIELD_NUMBER |
7 |
public static final int |
RESULT_SIZE_FIELD_NUMBER |
5 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_READ_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
13 |
public static final int |
SHUFFLE_WRITE_METRICS_FIELD_NUMBER |
14 |
| Modifier and Type | Constant Field | Value |
|---|---|---|
public static final int |
AMOUNT_FIELD_NUMBER |
2 |
public static final int |
RESOURCE_NAME_FIELD_NUMBER |
1 |


|
||||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
@ApiAudience.Framework @ApiStability.Stable @Inheritance.Sealed public interface KijiSchemaTable
The Kiji schema table, which contains the lookup table between schema IDs, hashes, and full schemas.
KijiMetaTable
,
KijiSystemTable
| Nested Class Summary | |
|---|---|
static class |
KijiSchemaTable.SchemaEntry
Association between a schema and its ID. |
static class |
KijiSchemaTable.SchemaHashCache
Cache providing an efficient mapping from Avro schema object to the schema hash. |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
void |
fromBackup(SchemaTableBackup backup)
Restores the schema entries from the specified backup record. |
BytesKey |
getOrCreateSchemaHash(org.apache.avro.Schema schema)
Looks up a schema hash given an Avro schema object. |
long |
getOrCreateSchemaId(org.apache.avro.Schema schema)
Looks up a schema ID given an Avro schema object. |
org.apache.avro.Schema |
getSchema(BytesKey schemaHash)
Looks up a schema given a hash. |
org.apache.avro.Schema |
getSchema(long schemaId)
Looks up a schema given an ID. |
KijiSchemaTable.SchemaEntry |
getSchemaEntry(BytesKey schemaHash)
Looks up a schema entry from a given hash. |
KijiSchemaTable.SchemaEntry |
getSchemaEntry(long schemaId)
Looks up a schema entry from a given ID. |
KijiSchemaTable.SchemaEntry |
getSchemaEntry(org.apache.avro.Schema schema)
Looks up a schema entry from a given Schema definition. |
BytesKey |
getSchemaHash(org.apache.avro.Schema schema)
Computes a schema hash. |
SchemaTableBackup |
toBackup()
Returns schema backup information in a form that can be directly written to a MetadataBackup record. |
| Methods inherited from interface java.io.Flushable |
|---|
flush |
| Methods inherited from interface java.io.Closeable |
|---|
close |
| Method Detail |
|---|
long getOrCreateSchemaId(org.apache.avro.Schema schema) throws IOException
schema
- The full schema to store in the table.
IOException
- on I/O error.BytesKey getOrCreateSchemaHash(org.apache.avro.Schema schema) throws IOException
schema
- Avro schema to look up.
IOException
- on I/O error.BytesKey getSchemaHash(org.apache.avro.Schema schema)
schema
- The Avro schema to hash.
org.apache.avro.Schema getSchema(long schemaId) throws IOException
schemaId
- Schema ID to look up.
IOException
- on I/O error.org.apache.avro.Schema getSchema(BytesKey schemaHash) throws IOException
schemaHash
- Schema hash to look up.
IOException
- on I/O error.KijiSchemaTable.SchemaEntry getSchemaEntry(long schemaId) throws IOException
schemaId
- Schema ID to look up.
IOException
- on I/O error.KijiSchemaTable.SchemaEntry getSchemaEntry(BytesKey schemaHash) throws IOException
schemaHash
- Schema hash to look up.
IOException
- on I/O error.KijiSchemaTable.SchemaEntry getSchemaEntry(org.apache.avro.Schema schema) throws IOException
schema
- Schema definition to look up.
IOException
- on I/O error.SchemaTableBackup toBackup() throws IOException
IOException
- on I/O error.void fromBackup(SchemaTableBackup backup) throws IOException
backup
- The schema entries from a MetadataBackup record. This consist of the schema
definition, schema id, and schema hash.
IOException
- on I/O error.
|
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Get the object type string
string
Get the type of the value in lowercase
?
string
Get an array of the available types in CamelCase
Array
Checks to see if a value is an arguments object
boolean
Checks to see if a value is an array
boolean
Checks to see if a valule is a boolean
boolean
Is Class
boolean
Is Conventional Class Looks for function with capital first letter MyClass First letter is the 9th character If changed, isClass must also be updated
boolean
Checks to see if a value is a date
boolean
Checks to see if a value is empty
boolean
Is empty object
boolean
Checks to see if a value is an error
boolean
Checks to see if a value is a function
boolean
Checks to see if a value is a Map
boolean
Is ES6+ class
boolean
Checks to see if a value is null
boolean
Checks to see if a valule is a number
boolean
Checks to see if a value is an object
boolean
Checks to see if a value is an object and only an object
boolean
Checks to see if a value is an regex
boolean
Checks to see if a value is a string
boolean
Checks to see if a value is undefined
boolean
Checks to see if a value is a WeakMap
boolean


House in a Steel Corset / ŠÉPKA ARCHITEKTI
- Curated by María Francisca González
- about 14 hours
Houses · Praha-Suchdol, Czech Republic
- version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"? Architects: ŠÉPKA ARCHITEKTI
- AreaArea of this architecture projectArea: 188.0 m2
- version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?YearCompletion year of this architecture project Year: 2019
- version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?PhotographsPhotographs: Aleš Jungmann
- version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?ManufacturersBrands with products used in this architecture project Manufacturers: Mastavby
- Lead Archite Jan Šépka
- Investor Králova Family
- Collaborator Jan Kolář
More Specs Less Specs
Text description provided by the architects. It is the construction modification of a family house in Prague, which was completed and reconstructed several times as an originally recreational building from the 1930s for permanent residence. Considering these interventions, its stability was no longer sufficient. The fundamental decision was thus to complement and in general stiffen the construction with a steel corset. Another problem was the original mansard roof, which had a thickness of only 15 cm.
The removal of the entire roof, which we decided for in the end, allowed not only a more effective resolution of the problem of the weatherproofing, but also adaptation of the layout on the second floor above ground so that it met the demands of the investor. The second floor is also expanded by a new room in the space of the former terrace. The steel corset is not only a technical element; it is intended also as a trellis for climbing plants, and consolidates the entire building in terms of the architecture. The whole corset is comprised of the same steel prisms welded from L profiles in a module of 1280 mm.
This module made it possible to ideally preserve the existing openings of the retained part of the building. The masonry construction of the second floor from lightweight concrete blocks complements the bearing steel part and helps carry the new roof reinforced concrete slab, which will serve as a walkable terrace with a garden modification. Access to the roof directly from the garden is made possible by a service staircase, which is designed from the side of the building within the steel construction. The interior of the second floor leaves the concrete blocks and concrete ceiling visible.
Along with the supporting steel structure, all materials are therefore admitted in their natural form. This rough interior is complemented by mobile furniture made of birch plywood in the form of sleeping cells, cabinets that divide the rooms and solitary furniture. An integral part of each room was the design of the curtains. Every family member chose his or her colour solution on the same selected theme. The interior and exterior of the building create a platform that will change over time.


WARNING: Resetting to default configuration will wipe out all of your changes. Are you feeling lucky, punk?


This is a toolshed, or workshop, for our software development. This is the infrastructure that supports the worldwide distributed development team that brings you Taskwarrior and Timewarrior.
GothenburgBitFactory gives you access to:
2.5.1 Released
task-2.5.1.tar.gz
2.6.0 Development
git clone https://github.com/GothenburgBitFactory/taskwarrior.git
brew install task
Taskwarrior is a command-line todo list manager. It maintains a task list, allowing you to add/remove, and otherwise manipulate your tasks. Task has a rich set of subcommands that allow you to do sophisticated things. You'll find it has customizable reports, charts, GTD features, device synching, documentation, extensions, themes, holiday files and much more.
1.1.0 Released
taskd-1.1.0.tar.gz
1.2.0 Development
git clone --recursive
https://github.com/GothenburgBitFactory/taskserver.git
brew install taskd
The Taskserver is a lightweight, secure server providing multi-user, multi-client access to task data. This allows true syncing between desktop and mobile clients.
1.2 Released
vit-1.2.tar.gz
1.3 Development
git clone https://github.com/scottkosty/vit.git
brew install vit
Vit is a lightweight, fast, curses-based front end to Taskwarrior.
1.2.0 Released
tasksh-1.2.0.tar.gz
1.3.0 Development
git clone --recursive https://github.com/GothenburgBitFactory/taskshell.git
brew install tasksh
Tasksh is a shell command that wraps Taskwarrior commands. It is intended to provide simpler Taskwarrior access, and add a few new features of its own. The project is new, bear with us please.
Tasksh replaces the built-in shell
command of older
releases, and the bundled tasksh
program of version
2.3.0. The former was very limited and the latter unsupported.
1.1.0 Released
timew-1.1.0.tar.gz
1.2.0 Development
git clone --recursive
https://github.com/GothenburgBitFactory/timewarrior.git
Timewarrior is a command line time-tracking utility for use as a standalone tool, or integrated with Taskwarrior.
Visit the Timewarrior site for full details.
2.0.0 Development
git clone https://github.com/GothenburgBitFactory/flod.git
Flod is our distributed testing system. It provides continuous integration services across a diverse set of platforms, and generates custom reports.
Every commit for most of the projects is cloned, built and tested. The diagnostic output is gathered and available via Flod2 Central reports which you'll find linked from this page.
1.1.0 Released
vramsteg-1.1.0.tar.gz
1.1.1 Development
git clone https://github.com/GothenburgBitFactory/vramsteg.git
brew install vramsteg
Vramsteg, from the Swedish framsteg (progress), is a CLI progress bar that can be used from any script language. It supports color, labels, percentage completion, elapsed time and estimates.
1.1.0 Released
anomaly-1.1.0.tar.gz
1.2.0 Development
git clone https://github.com/GothenburgBitFactory/anomaly.git
Data anomaly detection utility. It reviews a numeric data stream, detects anomalies using one of its built-in algorithms, then responds using one or more of its built-in methods.
1.3.0 Released
clog-1.3.0.tar.gz
1.4.0 Development
git clone --recursive
https://github.com/GothenburgBitFactory/clog.git
brew install clog
Clog is a colorized log tail utility. It can spot patterns in an input stream and colorize or suppress the lines. It can also decorate the lines with time- or date-stamps.
Visit the Clog documentation home for full details.


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SWITCHBACK RATING: 5.5 / 10 --> Not good enough to recommend
Review Date: June 26, 1998 Director: Jeb Stuart Writer: Jeb Stuart Producer: Gale Anne Hurd Actors: Danny Glover as Bob Goodall Dennis Quaid as Frank LaCrosse Jared Leto as Lane Dixon Genre: Thriller Year of Release: 1997
This film is Jeb Stuart's big-screen directorial debut. Before this, he wrote 48 HOURS (7.5/10), DIE HARD (8/10), LOCK UP (7.5/10), and THE FUGITIVE (7.5/10), among several other solid scripts.
PLOT: This movie is cut into two stories, which alternatively switch back and forth from one another (hence-Switchback).  The identity of the killer is what engulfs the rest of the movie.
CRITIQUE: Overly long, barely interesting retread of a dozen other serial killer movies, this picture offers us as much excitement as Dennis Quaid's stiff demeanor (Dennis might think that his cold look made him look serious, but really it just made him boring.) This film was interesting at first, as you try to figure out who the killer and/or his motivations might be, but eventually (after the first hour or so), you start to realize that this explanation will not come until the very end, and by then, you just don't care anymore. I think I see what the writer was trying to do here, in that he wanted to keep the audience guessing throughout the entire movie, but unfortunately, there aren't enough effective scenes, action sequences, or possible suspects to really keep it interesting for that duration.
And even after its conclusion, I still found myself wondering about the actual motivations of the serial killer, which were never really explained, and/or why so much of the story focused on the local sheriff and not on a more interesting character like Quaid's wife or something. On top of all that, the typical Hollywood sugar-pie ending further impressed this script's unoriginal nature into my negative point of view.
In regards to the acting, I would have to give Danny Glover some points for taking on this kooky role, but take plenty others away from Quaid who just hasn't been able to punch in a decent acting gig since he gave that piss-awful over-performance as Jerry Lee Lewis in GREAT BALLS OF FIRE! back in 1989. Maybe he should give up the day job, and allow his wife Meg "the cutest human being on the face of this Earth" Ryan to support their family. The man's facial expression didn't change once during this entire picture.
The atmosphere of the film was actually well manufactured, and the sights were pretty to behold, but that would be it in regards to praise for this film. Other than that, I suppose one could get a little into the movie, if one were really a mystery buff, but even then, the movie just drags, and drags, and drags. No extreme graphic violence either. Now if you're looking for an excellent serial killer mystery with some great action, suspense and atmosphere, pick up David Fincher's wonderfully rainy SEVEN (8.5/10) starring the ever-loveable Brad Pitt and Morgan Freeman.
Little Known Facts: Originally titled GOING WEST IN AMERICA and GOING WEST. Dennis Quaid is the younger brother of fellow actor Randy Quaid. Danny Glover stands 6"4, graduated from San Francisco State College, and received an honorary Doctorate of Fine Arts Degree from San Francisco State University on May 31, 1997. His film debut was in 1979, in the film ESCAPE FROM ALCATRAZ. --------------------------------------- Visit JoBlo's Movie Emporium http://surf.to/joblo --------------------------------------- (c) 1998 Berge Garabedian
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
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Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


News for Chairs, Team Contacts and Editors
- 2017-08-07: Patent Policy Errata Incorporated - W3C Patent Policy, 5 February 2004 (updated 1 August 2017)
- 2017-08-04: Upcoming changes for W3C reports and our /TR pages
- 2017-08-01: Please keep all WebEx meeting coordinates out of public view
- 2017-06-16: W3C Blog: Please, seek MarComm review and coordination
- 2017-06-12: Transition requirements update
- 2017-05-23: How to engage with the i18n WG for assistance and reviews
- 2017-05-23: Publication moratoria for second half of 2017
- 2017-05-11: [ReSpec] release v11.7.0
- 2017-05-10: TPAC 2018 dates and location: October 22-26, 2018, Lyon, France.
- 2017-05-10: *CORRECTION* AC 2018 dates and location: May 13-15, 2018, Berlin Germany
- 2017-04-18: [Echidna] New feature: dry run
- 2017-03-15: W3C Travel Policy affecting Staff Contacts
- 2017-03-07: Adds preview and diff links to pull requests (Config Helper)
- 2017-02-20: Draft checklist for accessibility of technology (comment by March 17)
- 2016-11-22: Github repo activity digest
Starting a Group
- Recommendation Track Readiness Best Practices
- Create a Charter (template, horizontal review);
- For incubation: W3C Community & Business
Groups
- W3C Team support for W3C Community Groups (in which cases can CGs get Webex and Github access from W3C)
- Join a group (see also Invited Expert Policy)
- If you need a blog, wiki, GitHub repository, or mailing list, ask your team contact.
- ...more advice on roles in a group
Running a Group
- Moderating (Facilitating) Meetings
- Speaking Guidelines
- Running a Meeting (especially a teleconference) on IRC
(Web client):
- Quick start guide for setting up tools for managing an agenda, generating minutes, and updating issues lists
- Scheduling teleconferences
- Holidays wiki to help planning WG work around recurring holidays
- Scribe 101: Taking meeting minutes using W3C IRC tools
- Individual IRC tools ("bots"):
- Predicting milestones
- Horizontal reviews
- Internationalization: Contact the WG • Request a review • Review radar • Review comment tracker
- Remember to request a review 2-3 months before CR, to allow time for discussion and rework.
- Face-to-face meetings
- Send face-to-face meeting information to<EMAIL_ADDRESS>that information appears on the events calendar
- Host a face-to-face meeting
- Policy Regarding Non-Disclosure Agreements and W3C Meetings
- Issue tracking:
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- Code of Ethics and Professional Conduct and Procedures to assist all parties when issues arise. See more on the Positive Work Environment Home Page
- Antitrust and Competition Guidance
- IPR Policies
- ...more advice on meetings, decisions, issue tracking
Specification Development
- W3C Editors home page and specifically the Style for Group-internal Drafts
- Advancement on the Recommendation Track:
- Section 6.1 Technical Reports of the W3C Process
- Transition requirements for all W3C maturity levels (First Public Draft, Last Call, CR, PR, REC, etc.)
- Get Wide Review,
- Pubrules (publication requirements) and links to related policies (e.g., namespaces, MIME type registration, version management, and in-place modifications) See also Pubrules issue management / tracker
- March 2017: Obsoleting and Rescinding W3C Specifications
- Normative References; considerations the Director takes into account when evaluating normative references
- Publications can only happen on Tuesdays and Thursdays (Member-only archive of announcement), unless you use the automated publication system
- September 2015: W3C Comm Team no longer post Homepage News stories for regular WDs publications, unless explicitly requested at publication request.
- W3C Documents and license related to API definitions, code samples, or examples
- Discussion about specifications tooling and versioning on<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- ...more advice on specification development
Speaking About Your Work
- Use the Upcoming Talks form (Member-only); talks publicized on W3C home page, Public Weekly News
- Press release testimonial guidelines
- How to Make Presentations Accessible to All
Reference
Tools in this section and the previous are in wide use and are supported by the systems team (ask for help on<EMAIL_ADDRESS>and comm team. For service enhancements or new systems projects, please contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with a detailed description of your needs. Outages appear on the System Status page. See collected wisdom below for less mature tools.
Patent Policy
- W3C Patent Policy
- Commentary: FAQ, Summary, and Business Benefits
- Patent Policy Information about Groups, Disclosures
- What's in it for Chairs?
- ...more questions? Contact the PSIG
Test Suites
- W3C Testing How To
- Test the Web Forward, home for W3C test suites
- Licenses for W3C Test Suites
- Policies for Contribution of Test Cases
- ...more questions about the infrastructure? Contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Process
- Operative W3C Process Document
- Guidelines for disciplinary action
- Antitrust and Competition Guidance
- ...more questions? Contact the Advisory Board
Systems and Tools
- See also: Tools Wiki and W3C Editors home page
- Markup Validators, Link checker, Spell checker, HTML diff tool, SpecRef, bibliography generator, and more tools
- Mailing list archive of tools announcements (Member-only)
- Predefined ACLs
- Edit your contact information or affiliation
Mailing Lists
- Mailing List Audit (who is subscribed, information about lists) (Member-only)
- SmartList Remote Maintainers Guide
- Spam filtering options
- Mailing Lists Search service
Note on Member Submissions: Per section "Scope of Member Submissions" of the Process Document, "when a technology overlaps in scope with the work of a chartered Working Group, Members SHOULD participate in the Working Group and contribute the technology to the group's process rather than seek publication through the Member Submission process." Read more about how to send a Member Submission request (Member-only).
Collected Wisdom, Advice
Many of these resources were contributed by your colleagues; we invite you to write down and share your experiences as well. Discussion of issues that groups face take place on the chairs mailing list (Member-only archive). You may also find chairs meetings back to 1997 an interesting source of wisdom.
Advice on Specification Development
- Most popular editing tools: Bikeshed, respec
- W3C Manual of Style
- Tips for getting to Recommendation faster
- A Template to create requests for Specification Review.
GitHub
- W3C on GitHub
- Using GitHub for W3C specifications (slides)
- Using GitHub for Spec Work (documentation)
- GitHub Repository Manager: One interface to find all group github contributors and the IPR status
- Github repo activity digest
Roles
- Chair's role; Guidance for Multiple Chairs; On Chairing a group (Member-only)
- Editor's role (Member-only though could be made public)
- Editor, Author, Contributor Policies
- team contact's role
- Liaison's role. Note: Per section "Liaisons" of the Process Document, liaisons MUST be coordinated by the Team due to requirements for public communication; patent, copyright, and other IPR policies; confidentiality agreements; and mutual membership agreements.
Advice on Meetings, Decisions, Issue Tracking
- "tracker" (an issue tracking tool)
- ESW Wiki patterns: MidwestWeeklyAgenda, MeetingRecords, TrackingIssues
- The Seven Sins of Deadly Meetings
Historical
- W3C XML Specification DTD (XMLspec), by Norman Walsh.
- XMLSpec diff generation
- Edit w3.org using edit.w3.org, WebDAV, or (for experts) CVS
- QA resources: Specification Guidelines, Handbook for QA in groups, and QA Framework primer
- HTML Slidy for slide presentations
About the Guidebook
This Guidebook is intended to complement the W3C Membership Agreement and the W3C Process. This index page is Public, although a small number of resources linked from this page may be visible only to the W3C Membership or Staff.
You are expected to be familiar with the parts of this Guidebook that affect your work. Working Group chairs should get a "tour" from their team contact. Then take a look again, for example, if you're going to hold a face-to-face meeting; read the section on meetings and work with its owner, Susan, to be sure you understand what's written there, and to record any valuable knowledge you pick up along the way.
As editor of the guidebook, I will do my best to see that it gets better over time. This does not mean that I do all the editing myself! I collaborate with other collaborators who signed and dated the pages they maintain. And we need to know when information needs updating. (People with CVS access to pages are welcome to make changes to pages signed by me.)
Note: Not all pages are maintained with the same frequency. Some may be quite outdated. Please contact me if you note something that needs urgent attention, or if you want to propose updates.


i n k b o x
FPS: 60 Hz
Ink
Velocity
Pressure
Vorticity
Self Advection
Ink Advection
Diffusion
Ink Diffusion
Vorticity
Radial Force
Boundary Conditions
Grid Scale
Vorticity
Viscosity
Ink Viscosity
Dissipation
Ink Dissipation
Force Radius
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Colour
All the colours of the bow, man
Update
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This plugin allows pyblosxom to process trackback http://www.sixapart.com/pronet/docs/trackback_spec pings.
Requires the comments plugin. Though you don’t need to have comments enabled on your blog in order for trackbacks to work.
This plugin comes with Pyblosxom. To install, do the following:
Add Pyblosxom.plugins.trackback to the load_plugins list in your config.py file.
Add this to your config.py file:
py['trackback_urltrigger'] = "/trackback"
These web forms are useful for testing. You can use them to send trackback pings with arbitrary content to the URL of your choice:
Now you need to advertise the trackback ping link. Add this to your story template:
TB
You can supply an embedded RDF description of the trackback ping, too. Add this to your story or comment-story template:

Plugin is distributed under license: MIT


Established in 2004, Grim is one of the original raiding Guilds of Daggerspine-US, reformed for Classic on Day 1. A mixture of friends both new and old; many from original Daggerspine guilds such as Unfortunate Consequences (UC) and Furniture That Kills (FTK), we are a 'Casually Competitive' raiding Guild, with a focus on efficient raiding and community. We are continuing our Classic adventures into Outland, and are currently recruiting raiders for TBC!
As a Guild, we have two primary goals:
We are a mature, laid back group with an emphasis on long term collaborative play. As a collective we strive to make the most of our time raiding through self-improvement and cooperative strategy. We aim to try and get the most out of PvE raiding, while maintaining a reasonable life balance that doesn't require a large time commitment, and maximizing enjoyment.
Server: Fairbanks-US
Faction: Horde
Guildmaster: Sef
Officers: Averloc, Dresser, Geasa, Glovik, Keleo, Machineshot, Sorvis
Loot System: Loot Council
We are currently clearing all Phase 1 TBC Content, with multiple Karazhan raids weekly.
Our Raid Days are:
› Tuesday: 6:30 - 9:30 pm PST (Mag/Gruul)
› Sunday: 6:30 - 9:30 pm PST
We are currently recruiting for TBC!
We are not a hardcore Guild. We do not expect you to dedicate your life to raiding, we don't want you to pay to raid, and we don't have any crazy requirements. With that said, we have a certain level of expectation for all our raiders: other than attending regularly scheduled raids, we expect you to be self-sufficient, able to effectively pilot your class within a raid environment (improving when needed), and work towards the betterment of the raid.
For the most part, Grim is composed of laid-back adults with families, jobs, and responsibilities outside of the game, and we work best with players who share a similar mentality, or would like to play the game at that level of commitment.
Interested in joining? As of the TBC Launch, we are welcoming most interested parties to join us in our Outland adventures. Please get in touch an Officer, or fill out the form below (or click here) and we'll review it and respond as soon as possible.
For more information feel free to contact us directly via links in the footer below.
Thanks for stopping by, see you in Outland!


| DOSE: T+ 0:00 |
500 mg |
oral |
DMAE |
(pill / tablet) |
| T+ 1:00 |
1500 mg |
oral |
DMAE |
(pill / tablet) |
Interested in the possible cognitive and memory enhancing benefits of DMAE, I bought a bottle. Like many people, I am a little scatterbrained, and have a hard time staying on track at times. I had to call two other stores because they were out of stock. Turns out they can't keep enough of it in stock. On an empty stomach, I downed two of the big white 250MG tablets, equaling 450mg, and anticipated the effects.
After an hour of mulling around at my desktop, I began to notice a very subtle, but noticable, 'rigidness' in thinking, but no other effects were noted afterward. Dissapointed, I decided to take an attack dose at 1500mg (6 250mg tablets), again on an empty stomach. This time, the effects came on within a half-hour, starting with a very present 'rigidness' both in my head and body. My joints and neck became quite stiff, and a slight headache developed that felt like was at the top of my head. 'This is fun!', I thought sarcastically as I began drawing, dissapointed that things were pretty much the same, and not only that, I had an even harder time articulating new thoughts than usual. An interesting similarity I noticed was the 'mind awake' feeling, similer to caffeine, but not stimulant-like, and at 1500 mg, still wasn't.
After about 30 minutes of this, I got up, and started to notice something was different. I was about to learn the true character of DMAE, and he isn't an artist. The closest thing I can come to describing the character of DMAE is I feel like a general in a war room. Planning, tactics, strategy, tasks requiring me to read and comprehend directions and information, seem like food for thought, and ready to assemble into a plan, rather than draining and challanging. My mood however, was stoic, humorless, focused, and my demenior, just as rigid as my head and shoulders were physically. It seems DMAE targets not speech articulation and creativity, but logic, cognition and memory. Something students and professors alike will appreciate. I was also tempermental, and I found myself becoming annoyed more easily by other people. Something students and professors alike won't appreciate.
Conclusion: Those who suffer from manic-depression or have ADD, will love the powerful, steadying effect DMAE has on thought and emotional processes. While I don't take DMAE regularly, because I like being eccentric, scatterbrained, and spontaneous, two of my friends who go to Uni do now, with glowing results.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Instructions
- Enter your Github username, repository, and branch in the "Settings" panel (Top left). Make sure the repository is empty. The branch should be set to what you use locally. For example, `main`.
- Draw your image! Left mouse to draw, right mouse to erase. Drawing over a cell again will make it darker. A cell can be one of four shades of green.
- Generate your shell script! Hit the download icon. This will download a zip file containing a shell script to run.
- Run the shell script.
- Once complete, check the repository to make sure the commits have been pushed.
- After a few minutes the image will appear on your profile!
Built by
andrej_marinchenko
. © 2021 MIT.


4.C, 2.1.2-no-keyboard-trap
| Test Name | Test ID | Test Condition |
|---|---|---|
| 2.1.2-no-keyboard-trap | 4.C | There is no keyboard trap. |
Evaluate Results:
If ALL of the following are TRUE, the content PASSES:
- Keyboard focus can be moved away from an element using either:
- Standard navigation keys
- Custom keystrokes (which are documented and available to users in the application).
AND
- Standard navigation keys
- Custom keystrokes (which are documented and available to users in the application).


This post is a collection of notes about Random Walk and Brownian Motions as well as their properties.
This post on the random behavior of financial assets might be of interest before to go through this.
The probabilty of Random Walk
In the context of quantitative finance, the easiest way to model a random walk is to consider a head/tail type of example which constitutes a symmetric random walk.
Expected Returns
So let’s define a Discrete Random Variable \(R_i\) as the i-th toss of a coin. And \(R\) takes the value \(1\) if it’s a tail and \(-1\) if it’s a head.
The expectation of \(R_i\) is then: \(\mathbb{E}[R_i] = \frac{1}{2} \cdot 1 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot -1 = 0\)
The variance of \(R_i\) is then: \(\mathbb{V}ar[R_i] = \mathbb{E}[R_i^2] - \mathbb{E}[R_i]^2 = \left( \frac{1}{2} \cdot (1)^2 + \frac{1}{2} \cdot (-1)^2 \right) - 0^2 = 1\)
Expected Sum of Returns
Let’s now define another Discrete Random Variable \(S_i\) which is the sum of the returns after n toss. Hence, \(S_i = \sum_{i=1}^{n} R_i\) with an initial condition that \(S_0=0\). This initial condition not only makes sense (we did not win any money before to start the game) but it will also constitutes an important initial condition in the definition of Brownian Motion (or Wiener Process)
The expectation of \(S_i\) is then: \[\mathbb{E}[S_i] = \mathbb{E} \left[ \sum_{i=0}^{n} R_i \right] = \mathbb{E} \left[ R_0 + R_1 + \dots + R_n \right] = \mathbb{E}[R_0] + \mathbb{E}[R_1] + \dots + \mathbb{E}[R_n] = 0 + 0 + \dots + 0 = 0 \]
And the variance of \(S_i\) is then: \[\mathbb{V}ar[S_i] = \mathbb{E}[S_i^2] - \mathbb{E}[S_i]^2\]
Note how the second term \(\mathbb{E}[S_i]^2 = 0\)
\[\mathbb{V}ar[S_i] = \mathbb{E} \left[ \left( \sum_{i=0}^{n} R_i \right)^2 \right] = \mathbb{E} \left[ R_0^2 + R_1^2 + \dots + R_n^2 + 2R_1R_2 + 2R_1R_3 + \cdots \right] \tag{1}\]
Because the events are independents, \(\mathbb{E}[R_i R_j] = 0\). Hence all the double terms in Equation 1 above are equals to 0 and \[\mathbb{V}ar[S_i] = \mathbb{E}[R_0^2] + \mathbb{E}[R_1^2] + \dots + \mathbb{E}[R_n^2] = 1 + 1 + \dots + 1 = n \cdot 1 = n \tag{2}\]
The Markov Property
Imagine, we already threw the coin a few times, let’s say 10 times. Now, we have some additional information as we know \(S_{10}\). We could ask ourselves the question what is the expectation for the next toss considering that additional information. It would make sense to say that we will get no more no less that what we already have since \(\mathbb{E}[R_i] = 0\). Mathematically, we can write this: \[\mathbb{E}\left[ S_{i+1} | R_1, R_2, \dots, R_i \right] = S_i\]
The expected value of \(S_i\) is only dependent of the previous value \(s_{i-1}\) and not of any previous values (no memory beyond the one prior value)
The idea of the Markov Property is to say that the Random Walk Stochastic Process has no memory beyond the point where it (the walker) is now.
The Martingale Property
The conditional probability of any point in the future is what you already have.
And actually, we can generalize this further and state that: \[\mathbb{E}\left[ S_i | S_j \space \forall i \gt j \right] = S_j\]
In a ‘fair game’, knowledge of the past will be of no value in predicting future events.
The Quadratic Variation
The quadratic variation of a random walk is defined as \[\sum_{i=1}^n (S_i - S_{i-1})^2\]
The quadratic variation will be an extremely important concept as we extend the random-walk from a discrete time model to a continuous time model (aka to a Brownian Motion or Wiener process).
Intuitively, it makes sense to say that \[(S_i - S_{i-1}) = \pm 1\] Hence \[(S_i - S_{i-1})^2 = 1\] Hence \[\sum_{i=1}^n (S_i - S_{i-1})^2 = n\]
Quadratic variation and transition to continuous time
In the previous setting, each unit of time was 1 unit and bet sizes were \(\pm 1\). We are making 2 changes to this situation.
- Now, we think of a time as a certain amount of time that we call \(t\). That ‘certain amount of time’ is continuous and we can chunk it down into \(n\) pieces. In this context, each piece of time is \(\frac{t}{n}\) long. The goal will be to increase the size of \(n\) until \(n \Rightarrow \infty\)
- the bet size are now \(\sqrt \frac{t}{n}\)
To feel why are we making these changes, let’s revisit the quadratic variation on these new units of time and bet sizes. \[S_{i+1} - S_i = \pm \sqrt{\frac{t}{n}}\] Quadratic variation is now \[\sum_{i=1}^n \left( \pm \sqrt{\frac{t}{n}} \right)^2 = n \cdot \frac{t}{n} = t \tag{3}\]
In this way, the quadratic variation is the total time of the coin tossing. This time is still finite.
In this experiment, both the markov and martingale properties are still valid.
Note that:
- as n increases, the time decreases by a factor of \(\frac{1}{n}\)
- as n increases, the bet size decreases by a factor of \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{n}}\)
- as n increases to \(\infty\), both the time and the bets size will decrease to \(0\) but not in the same way (by the same order)
- as n increases to \(\infty\), the random walk stays finite! The random-walk stays continuous everywhere but differentiable nowhere
- the limiting process as n tends to \(\infty\) and time tends to \(0\) (think \(dt\)) creates a Brownian Motion (the Continuous random variable is called \(B_t\)) or Wiener process (variable called \(W_t\))
Why does it matter that the time-step is \(\frac{t}{n}\) and the bet-size is \(\sqrt{\frac{1}{n}}\)? Any other choice would have not made the random-walk finite (it could have gone to infinity into a finite time or not move at all)
The probability of Wiener Processes or Brownian Motions
We denotes a Wiener Process as \(W_t\) or \(W(t)\) with initial condition that \(W_0 = 0\) or \(W(0) = 0\)
- \(W_0 = 0\)
- \(W_t\) is a continuous path (continuous everywhere, differentiable nowhere)
- independent increments. For \(t_1 < t_2 < t_3 < t_4 < \cdots\), \(W_{t_4} - W_{t_3}\) and \(W_{t_2} - W_{t_1}\) are independent
- normally distributed increments. \(|W_t - W_s| \sim N(0, |t-s|)\)
In other words, let’s show that the expectation of the stochastic process \(W_t\) upon the condition that we know everything up to the point \(s\) [\(W_t\) is \(\mathcal{F}_s\) measurable] is \(W_s\)
\[\mathbb{E}_s \left[ W_t | \mathcal{F_s} \right] = \mathbb{E}_s \left[ W_t - W_s + W_S | \mathcal{F_s} \right] = \mathbb{E}_s \left[ W_t -W_s| \mathcal{F_s} \right] + \mathbb{E}_s \left[ W_s | \mathcal{F_s} \right]\] Because (bullet point #4) increments of a Brownian motion are normally distributed with mean 0: \(|W_t - W_s| \sim N(0, |t-s|)\), we can establish that \(\mathbb{E}_s \left[ W_t -W_s| \mathcal{F_s} \right] = 0\)
Hence: \[\mathbb{E}_s \left[ W_t | \mathcal{F_s} \right] = \mathbb{E}_s \left[ W_s | \mathcal{F_s} \right] = W_s\]
Properties of Brownian Motions
- They are finite - thanks to the increment (y-axis) scale with the square root of the time-steps
- they are continuous - limit when time-steps are infinity small and the random-walk is becoming continuous
- follow Markov property
- follow Martingale property
- the quadratic variation from 0 to t is \(t\) itself - see Equation 3
- normality. \(W(t_i) - W(t_{i-1})\) is normally distributed with mean 0 and variance \(t_i - t_{i-1}\)
Expectation of \(W_t\)
Expectation is the same as in the random-walk except this time we are using the limit when \(n \to 0\). \[\mathbb{E}[W_t] = \mathbb{E} \left[\lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{i=1}^n R_i\right] = \lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{i=1}^n \mathbb{E}[R_i] = n \cdot 0 = 0 \tag{4}\]
In this sense, the mean of \(W_t = 0\).
Variance of \(W_t\)
\[\mathbb{V}ar[W_t] = \mathbb{E[W_t^2]} - \mathbb{E}[W_t]^2\]
From Equation 4, we already know that \(\mathbb{E}[W_t] = 0\); hence \(\left( \mathbb{E}[W_t] \right)^2\) is also \(0\)
\[\mathbb{E}[W_t^2] = \mathbb{E}\left[\lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{i=1}^n R_i^2 \right] = \lim_{n \to \infty} \sum_{i=1}^n \mathbb{E}[R_i^2] = \lim_{n \to \infty} n \cdot \left( \sqrt{\frac{t}{n}} \right)^2 = t\]


§577-4 Stepparent; when required to support stepchild. A stepparent who acts in loco parentis is bound to provide, maintain, and support the stepparent's stepchild during the residence of the child with the stepparent if the legal parents desert the child or are unable to support the child, thereby reducing the child to destitute and necessitous circumstances. [L 1957, c 79, §1; Supp, §330-3.5; HRS §577-4; gen ch 1985]
Case Notes
Legal duty to support includes reasonably necessary and available medical services. 8 H. App. 506, 810 P.2d 672.


I'm currently a Software Engineering Fellow at Amuse Labs.
My primary areas of interest are Computer Architecture, Operating Systems, and Architectural Security.
In my high school, I clocked over 300 Hours in Destiny.
I think Cyanide and Happiness is cool.