Working with accessor and mutator methods. To me, this epitomizes programming: giving a program commands to "get" and "set" is foundational.
The vision for the user experience will tend to drive the direction of the project, which will end up affecting the development of the backend (and not the other way around). The backend must adapt to the design of the frontend, in most cases.
Encapsulation is a way of isolating a certain part of code within a class for the purpose of restricting access, and which allows for those portions of code to be "hidden" within the program.
42


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Probability is the most basic subject among all the statistics courses. Since I decide to review what I have learned from these years, it is natural to start from reviewing Probability.
In this article I will only include something I think is important.
1. Counting Methods
1.1 Some definations and rules
Multiplication Rule
K experiment stages s.t. there are $n_k$ outcomes for each outcome of the first (k-1) stages. Then there are $n_1 \times n_2 \dots \times n_k$ possible outcomes of this k-stage experiment.
Permutation
The number of ways to arrange N numbers = The number of ways to order first N numbers
Combination
Choosing k out of N distinct objects
1.2 Application summary
Normally the permutation questions are not very difficult. So here I only summarise the combination problems. Basically there are four situations, the key factors to divide these situations are replacement and order.
Suppose the question is to choose k number from N distinct numbers, here are the number of distinct results:
| Condition | Care for order | Not care for order |
|---|---|---|
| With replacement | $N^k$ | $C_{N+k-1}^{k}$ |
| Without replacement | $P_{N}^{k}$ | $C_{N}^{k}$ |
The most confusing result is when we don't care for order and replacement is allowed. Here we could think of the k number as balls and N-1 as the number of movable sticks since N-1 sticks will divide all the number into N parts and the balls in each part belong to one number. In that case, we ignore the order and at the same time allow the k number to be the same.
2. Conditional Probability
2.1 Some definations and rules
Total Probability
$F_1, F_2 \dots, F_n$ are a set of disjoint events whose union is the entire sample space E, then we have:
$$P(E) = P(E|F_1)P(F_1)+\dots+P(E|F_n)P(F_n) $$
Normally, the event $E$ will be the output, and every sub event $F_i$ will be the reason that leads to that output. The intuition is that we sum all the probabilty that each reason leads to this output. (Reason infers Output)
Bayes Formula
Think of $E$ = outcome of an experiment, $F_1, F_2 \dots, F_n$ = hypothesis. We want to update our beliefs given the outcome of the experiment. That is, we want to compute $$P(F_k|E) = \frac{P(F_k)P(E|F_k)}{\sum_{i=1}^{n}P(F_i)P(E|F_i)}$$
If you carefully review bayes formula, you will find that what it calculates is just the opposite of the total probability. How to say that? Because for bayes formula, we already know the output and want to find the probability that each reason leads to this output. (Output infers reason/hypothesis)
2.2 Application
Example
Here is an example of the application of bayes formula
Suppose the probability that one person has this illness is 0.03. Due to the lag of the technology, the test results may make some mistakes. Here are the test information:
$$P(positive|ill) = 0.99$$$$P(negative|ill) = 0.01$$$$P(positive|not\ ill) = 0.05$$$$P(negative|not\ ill) = 0.95$$
Here I want to calculate the probability that the person is ill (hypothesis) given the test is positive (Output). $$P(ill|positive) = \frac{P(ill)P(positive|ill)}{P(ill)P(positive|ill)+P(not\ ill)P(positive|not\ ill)}=0.38$$
Further application
Based on these thoughts, bayes formula is widely used in machine learning field; The most famous one is the naive bayes classifier.
For example we want to decide people's gender based on $h$(height) and $w$(weight) two factors. What we need to do is to compare these two probabilities: $$P(male|h,w)\qquad P(female|h,w)$$ Based on bayes formula, $$P(gender|h,w)=\frac{P(gender)P(h,w|gender)}{P(male)P(h,w|male)+P(female)P(h,w|female)}$$ Since the denominator is $P(h,w)$ will be a constant (The reason is because this probability can be obtained from some statistical website), we could just ignore it. Then the problem goes to like this:$$gender = argmax_{gender}P(h,w|gender)P(gender)$$
We suppose $p(h|gender)$,$p(w|gender)$ is iid normal distribution. Then we have:$$gender = argmax_{gender}P(h|gender)P(w|gender)P(gender)$$ and based on their distribution we could calcualte the final results. This is how to use bayes formula in ML field.
3. Random Variables and Distributions
3.1 Summary Table
In this section,I ignore the basic defination of continuous and discrete variables.
Here is the summary table for the comparison between continuous and discrete variables.
| Continuous | Discrete | |
|---|---|---|
| pdf/pmf | $f\ge0$, s.t. $P(x\in A)=\int_Af(x)dx$ | $1\ge f\ge 0, P(x\in A)=\sum_Af(x)$ |
| cdf | $F(x)=P(X\le x)$ | $F(x)=P(X\le x)$ |
| pdf/pmf -> cdf | $F(x)=\int_{-\infty}^{x}f(y)dy$ | $F(x)=\sum_{y\in x}f(x)$ |
| cdf -> pdf/pmf | $f(x) = \frac{\partial F(x)}{\partial x}$ | $f(x)=F(x)-lim_{y->x^{-}}F(y)$ |
I will end my probability review here. Let us talk about inferenece in the next post :D


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# File bin/experimental-filter.rb, line 126 def queue_file_time(name) base = File.basename(name) first, = base.split('.') Integer(first) end


{% extends "application/layout.html" %} {% block page_title %}About your job{% endblock %} {% block content %} {% include "includes/alpha.html" %} Back {# Section 4 of 7 #} How does your condition affect you at work? Your whole working day is affected Your condition affects only certain tasks Your condition doesn't affect you at work at all Describe how your working day is affected by your condition. Which tasks are more difficult for you in work? Tick any that apply {% set tasks = [ "Taking phone calls", "Using a computer", "Heavy lifting", "Sitting for a long time", "Climbing stairs", "Going to meetings" ] %} {% for item in tasks %} {{ item }} {% if loop.index == 3 %} {% endif %} {% endfor %} Anything else? Yes No Add as many as you like + add another task Form Navigation {% include "application/rightcol.html" %} {% endblock %} {% block page_script %} {% endblock %}
Back
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+ add another task


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Peer Group
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Source code for test.test_domain.test_inventory
from domain.Inventory import Inventory
from domain.Conjured import Conjured
from domain.aged_brie import AgedBrie
from domain.backstagePasses import BackstagePasses
import pytest
[docs]def test_inventory_properties():
conjured_item = Conjured("Conjured Item", 6, 30)
aged_brie_item = AgedBrie("AgedBrie", 2, 0)
backstage_passes = BackstagePasses("BackstagePasses", 15, 20)
items = [conjured_item, aged_brie_item, backstage_passes]
inventory = Inventory()
inventory.add_items(items)
assert inventory.get_items() == items
[docs]def test_add_items():
conjured_item = Conjured("Conjured Item", 6, 30)
aged_brie_item = AgedBrie("AgedBrie", 2, 0)
backstage_passes = BackstagePasses("BackstagePasses", 15, 20)
items = [conjured_item, aged_brie_item, backstage_passes]
inventory = Inventory()
inventory.add_items(items)
assert len(inventory.get_items()) == 3
[docs]def test_to_string_items():
conjured_item = Conjured("Conjured Item", 6, 30)
aged_brie_item = AgedBrie("AgedBrie", 2, 0)
backstage_passes = BackstagePasses("BackstagePasses", 15, 20)
items = [conjured_item, aged_brie_item, backstage_passes]
inventory = Inventory()
inventory.add_items(items)
assert (
inventory.__str__()
== "***************Item*************** \n Name: Conjured Item,\n Sell in: 6,\n Quality: 30 \n ***************Item*************** \n Name: AgedBrie,\n Sell in: 2,\n Quality: 0 \n ***************Item*************** \n Name: BackstagePasses,\n Sell in: 15,\n Quality: 20 \n "
)
[docs]def test_update_quality_items():
conjured_item = Conjured("Conjured Item", 6, 30)
aged_brie_item = AgedBrie("AgedBrie", 2, 0)
backstage_passes = BackstagePasses("BackstagePasses", 15, 20)
items = [conjured_item, aged_brie_item, backstage_passes]
inventory = Inventory()
inventory.add_items(items)
inventory.update_quality_items()
assert (
inventory.__str__()
== "***************Item*************** \n Name: Conjured Item,\n Sell in: 5,\n Quality: 28 \n ***************Item*************** \n Name: AgedBrie,\n Sell in: 1,\n Quality: 1 \n ***************Item*************** \n Name: BackstagePasses,\n Sell in: 14,\n Quality: 21 \n "
)


[1] SD Expansion Ease of clarity and minor software tends to specific playlist in terms of music..
[2] extensive features microsd slot easily scratched broken screen quality photo features Sansa e250 except...... it last week oustide lasted through T-storms torndado warnings and push.


Sitting at the head of the Argolikos Kolpos, Navplion is a useful base for visiting the ruins at Mycenae.
This is a very attractive city, with narrow cobbled streets and eye-catching sandstone buildings, ornamented with large areas of colourful vegetation. The museum has many interesting exhibits on the Mycenaean and Venetian history of the area.
Position 37°34'N,22°47.5'E.
For full details on clearing into our out of Greece see Greek Formalities.
All the authorities are based here.
This is a large harbour, but the northern half is very shallow.
Moor stern-to or alongside the southern quay in the inner basin, which is east of the ferry terminal. The bottom is rather glutinous mud and some plough anchors do not hold well in it. Shelter is reasonably good, but in strong northerlies it is more comfortable to anchor off the quay.
Last updated August 2009.


addIterativeLSI.Rd
This function will compute an iterative LSI dimensionality reduction on an ArchRProject.
addIterativeLSI(ArchRProj = NULL, useMatrix = "TileMatrix", reducedDimsOut = "IterativeLSI", iterations = 3, dimsToUse = 1:25, corCutOff = 0.75, LSIMethod = 1, binarize = TRUE, sampleCells = NULL, varFeatures = 50000, selectionMethod = "var", scaleTo = 10000, totalFeatures = 5e+05, filterQuantile = 0.99, saveIterations = TRUE, outDir = getOutputDirectory(ArchRProj), clusterParams = list(), runHarmony = FALSE, harmonyParams = list(), threads = getArchRThreads(), seed = 1, verboseHeader = TRUE, verboseAll = FALSE, force = FALSE, ...)
| ArchRProj | An |
|---|---|
| useMatrix | The name of the data matrix to retrieve from the ArrowFiles associated with the |
| reducedDimsOut | The name to use for storage of the IterativeLSI dimensionality reduction in the |
| iterations | The number of LSI iterations to perform. |
| dimsToUse | A vector containing the dimensions from the |
| corCutOff | A numeric cutoff for the correlation of each dimension to the sequencing depth. If the dimension has a correlation to sequencing depth that is greater than the |
| LSIMethod | A number or string indicating the order of operations in the TF-IDF normalization. Possible values are: 1 or "tf-logidf", 2 or "log(tf-idf)", and 3 or "logtf-logidf". |
| binarize | A boolean value indicating whether the matrix should be binarized before running LSI. This is often desired when working with insertion counts. |
| sampleCells | An integer specifying the number of cells to sample in order to perform a sub-sampled LSI and sub-sampled clustering. |
| varFeatures | The number of N variable features to use for LSI. The top N features will be used based on the |
| selectionMethod | The selection method to be used for identifying the top variable features. Valid options are "var" for log-variability or "vmr" for variance-to-mean ratio. |
| scaleTo | A numeric value indicating the normalization depth for Cluster Averages prior to variance calculation |
| totalFeatures | The number of features to consider for use in LSI after ranking the features by the total number of insertions. These features are the only ones used throught the variance identification and LSI. These are an equivalent when using a |
| filterQuantile | A number 0,1 that indicates the quantile above which features should be removed based on insertion counts prior to the first iteration of the iterative LSI paradigm. For example, if |
| saveIterations | A boolean value indicating whether the results of each LSI iterations should be saved as compressed |
| outDir | The output directory for saving LSI iterations if desired. Default is in the |
| clusterParams | Additional parameters to be passed to |
| runHarmony | A boolean value indicating whether harmony-based batch correction should be run during the LSI iterations. |
| harmonyParams | Additional parameters to be passed to |
| threads | The number of threads to be used for parallel computing. |
| seed | A number to be used as the seed for random number generation. It is recommended to keep track of the seed used so that you can reproduce results downstream. |
| verboseHeader | A boolean value that determines whether standard output includes verbose sections. |
| verboseAll | A boolean value that determines whether standard output includes verbose subsections. |
| force | A boolean value that indicates whether or not to overwrite relevant data in the |
| ... | additional args |


RADIOLAND MURDERS A film review by Raymond Johnston Copyright 1994 Raymond Johnston
Director: Mel Smith Starring: Mary Stuart Masterson, Brian Benben, Ned Beatty, Scott Michael Campbell, Michael Lerner, Michael McKean, Jeffrey Tambor, Christopher Lloyd, Bobcat Goldthwait Story by George Lucas, Executive Producer- George Lucas
Another long awaited comeback from George Lucas is another dismal disappointment. This attempt to recapture the spirit of thirties B-film mystery thrillers quickly crumbles into a series of unfunny jokes and unwelcome cameos. It is only for a few minutes near the very end that any sense of plot is developed, and those few minutes are not enough to erase the tedium of the hour and a half that preceded them.
The film is set in 1939 on the opening day of a new radio network. The old big studios used to like the Big Broadcast plot because it gave them an excuse to parade their comic and musical talent. Much of the material the talent used was their own, so the cost of developing a script was greatly reduced. A flimsy plot could be structured around the jokes and songs, and a B-film was halfway home. A few art deco sets, and a crowd pleaser was guaranteed.
This film certainly assembles a lot of talent, but then quickly fails to give them anything to do. Harvey Korman is passed out under a desk for most of the film. Christopher Lloyd and Robert Klein don't even have any lines. Bobcat Goldthwait, much to the detriment of the film does. One hopes in vain that he will be the first victim in a string of humorous station murders. He is not. His endless drone serves to underscore the complete lack of humor in the comedy. The basic level of comedy in the film is having somebody run down the hall with last minute script changes, only to be hit in the nose with a door and drop the pages, get tripped and drop the pages again. This pale ghost of slapstick occurs repeatedly.
The two leads, Masterson and Benben play a bickering husband and wife who both work at the station. Their lack of chemistry and comic timing makes one long for Abbott and Costello in WHO DONE IT?, the film this is clearly trying to be. While there are stand-up comics everywhere in the film, from the elevator operator to the torch singer's husband; Masterson and Benben are not a comic team. That is what the film sorely needs.
Even a great comic team, though would have had to struggle to wring the laughs out of this script. In the opening scene, station owner Ned Beatty throws the radio show's script back at the writers and says that it isn't funny. Advice that the makers of this film could have taken to heart as well
If the backstage scenes fail, the onstage scenes work a little better. Spinal Tap's Michael McKean portrays a Spike Jones band leader and manages to do for big band music what he has done before for rock and roll. George Burns and Rosemary Cluney, veterans of the original radio show films, make brief appearances. A few talented actors do soap opera, science fiction, and thriller stories for the live audience. Just when these stories get good, the films leaves them and returns to the less amusing back stage antics. Even the Andrews Sisters impersonators are a relief from the ingratiating Bobcat Goldthwait.
Set and costume design are the film's main plusses. Just like the recent SHADOW, this film recreates the look of the thirties very successfully. As with THE SHADOW, one is left puzzled why the film makers bothered to try to recreate obscure thirties cultural relics without making the films at least as interesting as the originals.It seems in both cases, and DICK TRACY as well, the main concern was the visual , and not the narrative element.
Woody Allen's new film, BULLETS OVER BROADWAY is a much funnier attempt at a backstage comedy set in the art deco period. Allen's RADIO DAYS also recaptures the era with more feeling and wit. Three classical era Hollywood films that are much better are THE BIG CLOCK with Ray Milland and Charles Laughton, INTERNATIONAL HOUSE with Burns and Allen, and WHO DONE IT? with Abbott and Costello.
.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


{% extends 'base.html' %} >>>>>> af530f7209ef1c257b3041faa02b9bb95f75491b--> {% block title %}Home{% endblock %} {% block body %}
LA is always so much fun!
Thank you, Chicago!
We love the Big Apple!
{{notices.corpo}}


Nukefetau Atoll
This atoll lies about 85nm NNW of Funafuti. Enter the lagoon through the Teafua Pass. On arrival present your letter from Customs at the Police station. There are several good, procted anchorages, depending on the wind, but none give great protections at high water when the wind is from the west.
There is Internet at the government station at the telecom building. You can take your laptop and the cost is approximately $5/hour.
There is a bank where you can change money, but no ATM machine.
There are several small shops with basic staple foods but if the supply ship is due (or late) then the shelves are likely to be bare.
Nanumea Atoll
This welcoming and friendly atoll is 200nm NW of Nukefetau. There is a well marked, but narrow channel through the reef. Beware of the strong tidal flow. It is likely that the Police will paddle out to ask for your Customs letter and to welcome you to the atoll.
The anchorage is calm and well sheltered by the island and the reef.
Internet is available in the telecom building at approximately $5/hour. It is possible to use your own laptop.
There is no ATM, however can exchange money at the bank.
Gas(petrol) is available from some local stores.
There are a lot of small stores with basic supplies only.
Added as a new port April 2013.


- Key Findings
- 1-1. Laws, Regulations, and Policies on Open Data and Open Government in Taiwan
- Legislative History of Relevant Laws and Regulations
- Legislative History of Citizen Participation and Collaboration
- 1-2. Structure of Agencies Working on Open Government in Taiwan
- Current Organizational Structure
- Challenges under Current Framework
- 1-3. International Comparisons
- The US
- The EU
- South Korea
- Note


--- profile: false ---
| Company Name | Careers Page or Link | Contact Info | Prerequisite | Info To Share while Contacting |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amazon | Careers Page |
|
||
| KeepTruckin | Careers Page |
|
Resume and links to work | |
| smallcase | Careers Page |
|
Resume and links to work | |
| Freshworks | Careers Page |
|
|
|
| Deloitte USI | LinkedIN Post | Tarun Mathur | drop your resume on<EMAIL_ADDRESS>with primary skills , experience and current location |


Charts can be a great way to present information of a way that a reader can be understanding fast and easy. For example, if you want to say that in March your sales were 20% higher than in February, instead to say this in one or two paragraphs of text you can show this in a simple chart bar like this:
There’s a lot of option of libraries of charts in JavaScript, like ChartJS, Google Chart, Chartist.js and others. If you want to know more about these libraries, you can check this article on SitePoint.
In this post I will talk about Plotly.js, a open source graphing library with support to 20 different types of charts, 2D and 3D.
First of all create a folder in your machine and in this folder add the file index.html. This file will be our base file and your content for now is this:
<!DOCTYPE html>

<meta charset="UTF-8">
<meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="ie=edge">
<title>Using Plotly JavaScript</title>

Now we need to add the Plotly in our project, for this are 2 ways, CDN or download the JS file. I prefer use the download version, but in this post we will use CDN, because is more simple and don’t need no download.
Both options can be found in this page.
For add Plotly to our project, just add the following content in the end of the body tags in the index.html.

Now let’s create a JS file to deal with the process of creation of charts, I will call this file of index.js. It’s important to say, that you will need to import the file created in the index.html, for this add a script src tag below the script import of Plotly.

Note that in our index.html file there is a div called myDiv, this element will be used to render the charts.
Now let’s get start to create some charts. In this post we will explore a little about 3 charts very common, bar, pie and line charts.
For create a bar chart we need to pass two different groups of values, the values for the X and Y axis and pass the type of chart we want. For this we can create something like this:
var data = [
{
x: ['Zion Williamson', 'RJ Barrett', 'Tacko fall'],
y: [18, 18, 23],
type: 'bar'
}
];
Now for create the chart all we need to do is called the method newPlot() of the Plotly libraries passing the id of a element where the chart will be render, and the data value to put in the chart, something like this:
Plotly.newPlot('myDiv', data);
Now open the index.html on a browser and the result will be like this:
It’s possible too create more sophisticated bar charts using Plotly, for example we can create a grouped bar chart, for this change the index.js code for this:
var trace1 = {
x: ['Pidgey', 'Bulbasaur', 'Ratata'],
y: [20, 14, 23],
name: 'Kanto Zoo',
type: 'bar'
};
var trace2 = {
x: ['Pidgey', 'Bulbasaur', 'Ratata'],
y: [12, 18, 29],
name: 'Johto Zoo',
type: 'bar'
};
var data = [trace1, trace2];
var layout = {barmode: 'group'};
Plotly.newPlot('myDiv', data, layout);
The big difference here is that we passing the layout object to newPlot() method. The function of the layout object is to say that the chart create will be a group of bar charts.
You can create groups of bar charts with more than 2 data objects, for this just add the another data to the array of data that will be passed in the newPlot method call. For example you can create a group of 3 bar charts.
var trace1 = {
x: ['Pidgey', 'Bulbasaur', 'Ratata'],
y: [20, 14, 23],
name: 'Kanto Zoo',
type: 'bar'
};
var trace2 = {
x: ['Pidgey', 'Bulbasaur', 'Ratata'],
y: [12, 18, 29],
name: 'Johto Zoo',
type: 'bar'
};
var trace3 = {
x: ['Pidgey', 'Bulbasaur', 'Ratata'],
y: [12, 11, 15],
name: 'Hoenn Zoo',
type: 'bar'
};
var data = [trace1, trace2, trace3];
var layout = {barmode: 'group'};
Plotly.newPlot('myDiv', data, layout);
There is much more that you can do with Plotly bar charts, if you are curious about this, check the documentation in this link.
One of the most cool things about Plotly, is the fact of that the code to create charts is very similar between different types of charts. To create a line chart we will see that the code is very similar with the code to create a grouped bar chart.
First we need to create our two or more datasets, and the difference here is the type that will be scatter instead of bar.
var line1 = {
x: [1, 2, 3, 4],
y: [12, 15, 13, 17],
type: 'scatter'
};
var line2 = {
x: [1, 2, 3, 4],
y: [16, 25, 11, 9],
type: 'scatter'
};
var data = [line1, line2];
Now all we will need to do is pass the data object to the newPlot() method, like this:
Plotly.newPlot('myDiv', data);
The result will be like this:
As you can see there is not much difference in the process to create a line chart, but like the bar chart, the line chart have a lot of options to improve the chart, so if you want know more about line charts with Plotly, check this.
To create Pie Chart the data object is a little different of the other two examples, because pie charts don’t use axis X & Y, in this type of chart you just have the values and the labels of this values, so let’s create a data object with some random data:
var data = [{
values: [40, 26, 35],
labels: ['Batman', 'Hulk', 'Iron Man'],
type: 'pie'
}];
Now let’s create a layout object to define the height and width of our chart. I don’t know if you note this, but our two previous examples are created without define the height and width properties, this will made with that the charts use 100% of the available space on the screen.
var layout = {
height: 400,
width: 500
};
Now all we need to do, is call the newPlot() method, passing our data and layout object, like this:
Plotly.newPlot('myDiv', data, layout);
The result will be like this:
Another option to pie chart is the donut chart. The difference between this two charts is that the donut chart has a empty space in the center like a real donut.
You see in this post that create charts with Plotly is a very simple task, but if you already test another options of libraries of charts in JS, the another options can be as simple as Plotly, so you can ask yourself about why I should be use this?
The answer for this is simple, Plotly is not just a simple chart library, what you see in this post, is just the basic of this thing, with Plotly you can do basic and commons charts, but you can do too statistical charts(Error bars, 2d density plot, histogram), scientific charts(heatmaps, contour plots), financial charts, maps, 3d charts and a lot of other things.
So if you need a complete library to deal with very advance charts or if you need create just a basic bar charts, maybe Plotly can be a way for you.
This is all folks, I expect that this can be useful for you guys, and see you in the next post.
Written on March 24th, 2019 by Hallessandro D´villa


Psalms 68:23
That thy foot may be dipped in the blood of thine enemies, and the tongue of thy dogs in the same.


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This is an artistic project: no real use in life, just be nice, sit, question or surprise you maybe?
Schematics
Basically I tried to reuse the maximum of the phone:
Main power switch is the earpiece switch, so when unused it uses 0 watt (to the tradeoff price that startup time of a couple of seconds)
The sound goes out from the earpiece, like you'd expect for a phone. Mic is unused now, but could be integrated for feedback?
MP3 car player module is one of those 5USD eBay cheap but working players (so respect and thanks): put a SD card inside formatted in FAT16, a couple MP3 and you're good.
The rotary quadrant is used as input for a small uC that will be the tiniest possible, meaning initial plan is ATTiny10 or ATTiny13.
The uC that as stated above gets the rotary dial input, search for some known code and "drives" the MP3 player. However it's limited now: only "Next" button is available (driven via optocouple).
Reusing a rotary phone
Rotary dial
That's the fun part: 3 wires, 1 input at GND and 2 outputs. Use a pulled-up pin to read, something happens when the pin becomes low.
① when you start sweeping the dial it gets low, maybe as a warning that dialing will happen.
② One low for each digit (10 for the zero) once the dial swipes back to its original position.
You'll find all of this explained in details in this Instructable (thanks for sharing mate).
//Input of a "4": pulses are ~36ms long separated by a ~16ms gap//
Earpiece
A simple microphone and speaker, 2 pairs of wires, one for each. Unscrew the mouth/ear to see the wire colors. For mine it was black for ear, white for mouth. Is it a standard?
Electronics
Not much there, you got a few resistors, big coils if you're in need. They make perfect electromagnet I assume. The bell system is one: an arm with a permanent magnet that is placed between 2 bells and next to the electromagnet. When the later inverts its magnetic field rapidely, the arm is pulled or pushed, banging the bells. Simple and efficient. But anyway scavenging stopped here for me.
Images
Exploded view of the phone, missing the dial though.
You can see the MP3 player, with its SD card and some wires.
While running, the mp3 player shiiiiiiiines but you can't see it once all assembled, and I'm too lazy to take the leds off if it's not visible. Will do though if it becomes a problem.


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_Psycho_ (R) ** (out of ****)
Of all the talk leading up to the release of Gus Van Sant's update of Alfred Hitchcock's _Psycho_, none was quite so intriguing as a rumor that began circulating a few months ago. This bit of gossip stated that instead of being a complete shot-by-shot "recreation" as announced, the new film would only be a duplicate until an hour in, at which point it would veer into a completely original direction. At about the one-hour point, there arose a split-second moment where it looked like the rumor could be true: motel keeper Norman Bates (Vince Vaughn) nearly opens a folded-up newspaper. (Anyone who has seen the original would know the significance.) Alas, he only _nearly_ opens it, and this _Psycho_ is exactly what Van Sant promised (threatened?), a virtually shot-by-shot, line-for-line copy of the seminal 1960 chiller.
Ironically enough, the copy-then-diverge strategy probably would have been more in line with Hitchcock's original sensibility; after all, his film was a big bait-and-switch (or, rather, "Bates-and-switch"). What begins as a yarn about a larcenous lady on the lam (Marion Crane, here played by Anne Heche) suddenly switches gears midway through, shifting its focus to the mysterious Bates, a hermit whose entire life centers around his invalid mother. When Marion and the money she stole from her employer disappears without a trace, her lover Sam Loomis (here played by Viggo Mortensen) and sister Lila's (here played by Julianne Moore) search leads them to the nearly-deserted Bates Motel.
Everything in the new film plays exactly as it did in the film from nearly 40 years ago, with a few contemporary wrinkles thrown in by Van Sant and Joseph Stephano, scripter of the original. The $40,000 that Janet Leigh's Marion stole has been upped to $400,000. Vera Miles's prissy Lila has become Moore's Walkman-wearing, ball-busting tough chick. John Gavin's pompously stuffy Sam has become Mortensen's roughneck cowboy. Norman now masturbates while spying on Marion in the bathroom. And in a truly bizarre move, Van Sant delves into Oliver Stone's bag of tricks, arbitrarily slipping in subliminal shots of storm clouds and deer (among other things) during the murder scenes. (Also worth mentioning is a brief shot of a bus stop Marion drives by--featuring a poster for _Six_Days,_Seven_Nights_, Heche's romantic comedy from this past summer. Given Van Sant's otherwise obsessive determination in re-creating the feel of the original, hopefully that distracting in-joke was unintentional.)
With the original updated yet completely intact, from the story to the music (Bernard Herrmann's famously chilling score has been adapted by Danny Elfman) to the opening titles (adapted by Pablo Ferro from the legendary Saul Bass's original design), it's easy to see how Universal and Van Sant thought this experiment could work. But a crucial fact about the original film is lost on them: while rightfully regarded as a classic, when seen in this day and age, _Psycho_ works best only when its original historical context is in mind--that is, as a film emerging from the year 1960. There are more than a few things in the original that comes off as dated when seen through contemporary eyes: the deliberate pacing, the low body count, and, most infamously, the horrible "this is why it all happened" closing expository speech delivered by a psychiatrist (here played by Robert Forster). Having all of this distinctly '60s material played out by '90s performers in living color makes for a film that feels jarringly anachronistic; those modern wrinkles just accentuate the time era conflicts.
What isn't so confused, however, is the troupe of actors--for the most part, that is. Heche and William H. Macy (as private investigator Arbogast) are especially effective. (However, it must be noted that perhaps Heche's most memorable contribution to the role, as good as she is actingwise, is wearing a truly hideous straight-from-the-thrift-shop wardrobe that the original's Janet Leigh wouldn't be caught dead in.) The big shortcoming is the cast, though, is Vaughn. He is a terrific actor, and, technically speaking, he delivers a decent performance. But there is something inherently wrong about his casting as Norman; a lot of his appeal and effectiveness on-screen comes from the natural, almost subconscious self-confidence he exudes, which does not fit the awkward, socially inept Norman at all. Granted, this is Vaughn's most muted performance to date, but the creepy ambiguity of Anthony Perkins is nowhere in sight; consequently, there is no suspense leading to, nor any surprise coming with, the climactic twist, even if one has not seen the original.
All comparisons to any other films aside, the measure of a thriller is its suspense and scariness factor, and, on its own terms, Van Sant's _Psycho_ is a suspiciously average undertaking--watchable, competent on technical terms, yet strangely safe. _Psycho_ '98 doesn't ruin anyone's memory of the original; in fact, it only makes one appreciate that film more--which, ironically, appears to have been the point that Van Sant has been accused of not having.
I N C U R R E N T R E L E A S E (full reviews of the following in past MRs and at the listed URLs)
-_American_History_X_ (R) ***
O N T H E H O R I Z O N FRIDAY
_Jack_Frost_ (PG) ** 1/2
_Lolita_ (R) ** 1/2 Full review in MR#151, 7/24/98; and at: http://www.godamongdirectors.com/mrbrown/movierpt37.html#lolita Returning to theatres for a five-day Academy "reminder" engagement after a one-week Oscar-qualifying run in July and a few airdates on Showtime (got that?) is Adrian Lyne's well-acted but ice cold adaptation of Vladimir Nabokov's novel about a professor (Jeremy Irons) and his underage object of desire (Dominique Swain).
_Rushmore_ (R) ****
_Shakespeare_in_Love_ (R) Romantic comedy about the Bard (Joseph Fiennes) and the lady (Gwyneth Paltrow) who inspired _Romeo_and_Juliet_. Ben Affleck and Judi Dench also star for director John Madden, a veteran of British period pieces (_Mrs._Brown_).
_A_Simple_Plan_ (R) **** Full review in MR#167, 11/20/98; and at: http://www.godamongdirectors.com/mrbrown/movierpt42.html#plan Excellent psychological thriller in which two brothers (Bill Paxton and Billy Bob Thornton) and their friend (Brent Briscoe) scheme to keep $4 million they find in a downed plane. Also starring Bridget Fonda and expertly directed by Sam Raimi, this is one of the very best films of the year.
_Star_Trek:_Insurrection_ (PG) **
_Still_Crazy_ (R) ** Full review in MR#169, 12/3/98; and at: http://www.godamongdirectors.com/mrbrown/movierpt42.html#crazy Opening for a one-week Oscar-qualifying run is this decidedly award-unworthy British comedy about a (fictional) '70s rock band staging a comeback. Stephen Rea, Jimmy Nail, Bill Nighy, Timothy Spall, Juliet Aubrey, and Hans Matheson star in the film, which is ultimately more silly than funny.
_Two_Girls_and_a_Guy_ (R) ** Full review in MR#137, 4/10/98; and at: http://www.godamongdirectors.com/mrbrown/movierpt31.html#2girls Also returning to the big screen for a brief (two weeks) Oscar "reminder" run is James Toback's stagy talkfest in which two angry young women (Heather Graham and Natasha Gregson Wagner) confront the man (Robert Downey Jr.) who has been simultaneously romancing them. Fox Searchlight is gunning for a Best Actor nod for Downey; don't bet on it.
~~~
=>V I D E O<= N E W T H I S W E E K
_Six_Days,_Seven_Nights_ (PG-13) no stars Full review in MR#146, 6/11/98; and at: http://www.godamongdirectors.com/mrbrown/movierpt35.html#67 Rent or buy at Reel.com: http://www.reel.com/cgi-bin/nph-session.exe?COBRAND=MRBR&OBJECT=moviepage.as p?MMID=41559 Slight but fun romantic adventure about a pilot (Harrison Ford) and a magazine editor (Anne Heche) stranded on an uninhabited Hawaiian island. (Touchstone Home Video)
A L S O N E W T H I S W E E K
_The_Parent_Trap_ (PG) Rent or buy at Reel.com: http://www.reel.com/cgi-bin/nph-session.exe?COBRAND=MRBR&OBJECT=moviepage.as p?MMID=42134 Hit remake of the 1961 family comedy, in which a pair of twins (Lindsay Lohan) conspire to get their estranged parents (Dennis Quaid and Natasha Richardson) back together. (Walt Disney Home Video)
~~~
=>N E X T W E E K<=
Holiday movie madness continues with more reviews, including: -_The_Prince_of_Egypt_ -_Shakespeare_in_Love_ -_You've_Got_Mail_
'til then...
Michael Dequina
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>|<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Mr. Brown's Movie Site: http://welcome.to/mrbrown
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[gecode-users] order in calls to status and commit...
Sébastien Mouthuy
smouthuy at gmail.com
Tue May 29 12:23:59 CEST 2007
Le mardi 29 mai 2007 à 13:07 +0200, Guido Tack a écrit :
> Sébastien Mouthuy wrote:
>
> > I have one main branching, let's say BrSF. In the commit function of
> > BrSF, I sometimes post another branching, say BrCl.
> >
> > I printed id's of these branching and it happens that an instance of
> > BrSF has the same id as BrCl. I'm not using recomputation: c_d = 1,
> > a_d
> > = 10000.
>
> This is definitely a problem. The same id for different branchings
> may only occur on different branches of the search tree, but not on
> the same branch! Are the BrSF also created dynamically?
No.
> Do you, by
> any chance, create a branching in the commit-function you use for
> branch-and-bound?
>
I don't understand this question. I am using a "constrain" function in
my Space to use Branch-and-Bound. What do mean by that ?
Thanks,
sebastien
> Anyway, I'm sure the problem with the ids is also the reason for the
> original problem. Please try to find out why two different branchings
> get the same id.
>
> Cheers,
> Guido
>
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Terminal on Linux and Mac OS X; Command Prompt (cmd) on Windows
For instance, the one created previously.
To open the project in Visual Studio code one only has to do this:
This will open Visual Studio Code in the current folder
Visual Studio Code doesn't support C# out-of-the-box. This means, there is no intellisense, language syntax highlight or warnings in the IDE (Integrated Development Environment).
C# support comes through an extension called using Omnisharp. To install it:
Click "F1" to open the Command Pallete
Write "ext inst" and select "Extensions: Install Extension" from the dropdown.
Select "C#"
Wait for the installation to complete and click "Restart Now" when this message shows:
After restart, the C# file is recognized and "understood":
Note the "C#" on the status bar in the bottom right, indicating the file type is recognized (by the .cs file extension).
In the meantime, Visual Studio code is analysing the project type and it's components and installing missing components in the background, namely and most importantly, the .Net Core Debugger. A message like this will show in the status bar:
And, sooner or later, this one:
This one might also show:
Click "Yes".
Go to the debug tab
Click the Debug button
Alternatively, press F5
The project will run but, in the Debug Console, a warning message is displayed stating:
Go to the Explorer tab
Open "project.json" file
Set buildOptions.debugType to "portable" (intellisense should help)
"project.json" should look like this, in the end:
Go to "Program.cs" file and click on left of the line number where the execution is supposed to break.
Alternatively, press F9 when the intended line has the focus caret.
Hit F5 and the breakpoint should be hit, i.e., the programs will stop on that line's execution:


PicoContainer is hosted at Codehaus meaning it has a Xircles management page.
Jira Bug tracking
Old Confluence based documentation (for Pico 1.x)
Source control root for Pico 2.x (you will need Maven2 installed to build):
http://svn.codehaus.org/picocontainer/java/2.x/trunk/
For other languages:
Ruby ("Rico") - http://svn.codehaus.org/picocontainer/ruby/
Php - http://svn.codehaus.org/picocontainer/php/
.Net - http://svn.codehaus.org/picocontainer/dotnet/
Maven repositories for artifact download :
numbered releases : http://repository.codehaus.org/org/picocontainer/
snapshot (work in progress) releases http://snapshots.repository.codehaus.org/org/picocontainer/
Pico is BSD licensed. At least, with us as copyright holder instead of "Regents of the University of California".
You can use it, write extensions for it, from/with software that is:
Under the terms of the BSD license you don't have to give changes back to us, or make your license the same as ours. If there is something that would benefit PicoContainer we would be pretty happy if you donated it back :-)


My Furk Account
If this is specified, you do not need to be logged in to Furk to use this extension.
You can get your API key here or login to Furk, then click to autoload.
If this is specified, you do not need to be logged in to Furk to use this extension.
You can get your API key here or login to Furk, then click to autoload.


Alex Kaneko
Alex Kaneko
Alex Kaneko is half feline. He fights nightmares and cultivates kindness.
Projects
Waiting in line
Needfinding
Prototyping
...


Preparation time
overnight
Cooking time
less than 10 mins
Serves
Serves 4
For the lamb, place the hot pepper paste, sake, soy, mirin, dried chilli, garlic, ginger and toasted sesame oil into a bowl and whisk together to form a smooth paste.
Wrap the lamb bones in small pieces of tin foil and pinch tight to prevent them burning.
Lightly brush the lamb racks with half of the hot pepper marinade (reserving the rest for later) and place the lamb onto a tray. Transfer to the fridge to marinate overnight, preferably for 24 hours. Allow to return to room temperature before cooking.
Preheat the oven to 180C/365F/Gas 4.
Heat a large ovenproof frying pan until hot and add the olive oil and marinated lamb. Cook on each side until golden-brown all over, then brush all over with some more of the marinade (reserve a little marinade for serving).
Transfer to the oven and cook for 10-12 minutes, or until cooked to your liking. Remove from the oven and leave to rest in a warm place for five minutes.
For the sesame spinach, place the sesame seeds, sesame paste, sweet white miso, ginger juice, dashi stock, rice vinegar, lemon juice and sesame oil into a bowl and whisk together to combine.
Heat a frying pan until hot, then add the spinach and cook until just wilted.
Add the yama gobo and the sesame dressing mixture and mix to combine.
To serve, spoon the sesame spinach into the centre of each plate in a neat pile. Slice the lamb rack into chops and place four onto each plate, arranged over the spinach. Add a little of the remaining marinade to each plate and serve.


| 038:010 Khan | : |
Or is it that the dominion of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them is theirs? If so, let them ascend up with means (to the heavens)! |
| 038:010 Maulana | : |
Or is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and what is between them theirs? Then let them rise higher in means. |
| 038:010 Pickthal | : |
Or is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them theirs? Then let them ascend by ropes! |
| 038:010 Rashad | : |
Do they possess the sovereignty of the heavens and the earth, and everything between them? Let them help themselves. |
| 038:010 Sarwar | : |
Do they own the heavens and the earth and all that is between them? Let them try on their own to block (the ways of heavens so that Our revelations cannot come to you). |
| 038:010 Shakir | : |
Or is it that theirs is the kingdom of the heavens and the earth and what is between them? Then let them ascend by any |
| 038:010 Sherali | : |
Or, is theirs the Kingdom of the heavens and the earth and all that is between them? Then let them ascend with the means at their disposal. |
| 038:010 Yusufali | : |
Or have they the dominion of the heavens and the earth and all between? If so, let them mount up with the ropes and means (to reach that end)! |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > الشرك والمشركون > النهي عن الشِرك والوعيد عليه Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Polytheism and the Polytheists> The Inhibition of Polytheisms and the Threat Against it القرآن الكريم > حقيقته وتصديقه للكتب الأوائل The Holy Quran> The Quran's Reality and its confirmation of the Previous Books
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


Fizz Strays From B2K, Drops Off "Mirror" Single & NSFW Video
Perfect for the strip club.
by Erika MarieMirror
Fizz
Editor Rating: HOTTTTT
User Rating: make it stop - 8% (3)
It feels as if it's been a minute since we've heard new music from Fizz, but the B2K singer has returned with a single, "Mirror." The Love & Hip Hop Hollywood star has been taking a few TKOs in the media as the news of his relationship with Apryl Jones, the ex-girlfriend and mother to B2K bandmate Omarion's kids, has been circulating. However, Fizz wants people to know that his music is more important than the gossip that he can't seem to shake.
The single "Mirror" comes with an accompanying music video that features a dimly lit strip club venue with half-naked women who are more than happy to shake it fast. The song doesn't have any surprises, elevations, or turns; it's a straightforward beat with a straightforward delivery by Fizz. The reactions from Fizz fans have been a mixed bag, so give "Mirror" a spin and let us know if Fizz has a hit on his hands.


The details of my life are quite inconsequential ... Very well, where do I begin? My father was a relentlessly self-improving boulangerie owner from Belgium with low-grade narcolepsy and a penchant for buggery. My mother was a 15-year-old French prostitute named Chloé with webbed feet. My father would womanize; he would drink. He would make outrageous claims like he invented the question mark. Sometimes, he would accuse chestnuts of being lazy. The sort of general malaise that only the genius possess and the insane lament ... My childhood was typical: summers in Rangoon ... luge lessons ... In the spring, we'd make meat helmets ... When I was insolent I was placed in a burlap bag and beaten with reeds — pretty standard, really. At the age of 12, I received my first scribe. At the age of 14, a Zoroastrian named Vilmer ritualistically shaved my testicles. There really is nothing like a shorn scrotum — it's breathtaking ... I suggest you try it


Advanced UberTAA Live Strategy
Percentage Changes in the Last 20 Days
SPY 50/200-MA Timer
XLU/VTI RSI Timer


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Election 2019: BBC licence could be scrapped, Boris Johnson hints
by Catherine NeilanBoris Johnson has hinted he may scrap the licence fee that funds the BBC during an unscripted question and answer session, while visiting the North East of England.
Asked to scrap the licence fee as a whole, Johnson said he was “under pressure not to extemporise policy on the hoof” but admitted it was something he was looking at.
Speaking in Sunderland, he added: “You have to ask yourself whether that kind of approach towards funding a TV, a media organisation, makes sense in the long term, given the way other organisations manage to fund themselves.”
Going on to describe the licence fee as “a general tax”, Johnson said: “How long can you justify a system whereby everyone who has a TV has to pay to fund a particular set of TV and radio channels?”
This morning the Prime Minister raised questions over the expansion of Heathrow and the HS2 high speed rail link between London and Birmingham.
Previously he inadvertently revealed a Tory government would raise the threshold for National Insurance contributions, a policy which was to be launched as part of the Conservatives manifesto, ahead of time.
Main image: Getty


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{% extends "layouts/ukti.html" %}
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Grey College Mens Hockey Club
Hockey team playing in Durham college sport premiership league.
Description
This website shows the club schedule, the squad and player statistics!
Training
Hockey team playing in Durham college sport premiership league.
This website shows the club schedule, the squad and player statistics!


Columbia Flower Market in Shoreditch London
Located in Shoreditch, this flower market only opens on Sunday. Lots of kinds of flowers and chrismas trees are sold there.
A Lovely Store in Boxpark Shoreditch London
With warm and lovely color, this store sells various of stationeries such as postcards, pens and notebooks.
Second Floor of Boxpark Shoreditch London
The second floor of Boxpark seems to be a magic tunnel where time travel could happen.
Space Shifters Exhibition in Southbank Center
This amazing exhibiton in Southbank Center brings together sculptures and installations that explore perception and space.
The Bridge of Sighs at Cambridge University
This ridge in Cambridge has a funny story that students would sigh on the bridge before going to take exams across it.


ZFBrowser Documentation
This asset allows you to embed a full copy of Chromium, the open-source core of Google Chrome, inside your game!
Product Page | Unity Asset Store | Changelog | Get Help
Documentation for v2.1.0.
Copyright © 2015-2018 Zen Fulcrum LLC
Quick Start
Basic Browser:
- If you are using Linux or OS X read the platform-specific notes.
- Import ZFBrowser into your project.
- Grab
ZFBrowser/Prefabs/Browser (Mouse)
and drop it into your scene. - On this new object, set the URL to a site of your choice, such as
http://google.com/
- Fiddle with your camera so the quad fills most of the view.
- Hit play and interact with the web site.
Embedded assets:
- Start with the scene above.
- Create a folder called
BrowserAssets
right next to (not inside!) yourAssets
folder. - Create a file called
index.html
insideBrowserAssets
and put this in it:
Hello World!

- Set the URL for your browser to
localGame://index.html
- Hit play.
Congratulations! You now have a browser in your game!
General
Important Note
This library is made possible by a number of third-party open source software projects!
A copy of ThirdPartyNotices.txt needs to be distributed with your product. The build scripts copy it automatically.
Supported Platforms
This plugin is available for the given platforms and architectures:
- Windows Standalone, 32-bit (Mono) and 64-bit (Mono or il2cpp)
- Does not include WSA/UWP/HoloLens support.
- May not work if basic updates have not been installed. Windows XP is not supported.
- Linux Standalone, 64-bit (experimental) (Mono)
- The most recent Ubuntu LTS should work. Let me know if you find a mainstream, recent distro that has issues.
- OS X Standalone, 64-bit (Mono or il2cpp)
- Does not include Mac App Store support
Except as noted, only building on the same platform as your target is supported. If you have troubles making a build or testing in the editor, try again with the Unity Editor running on your target platform.
This Asset does not include licenses for proprietary or patent-encumbered codecs such as h.264 and mp3. (Most streaming sites use patent-encumbered codecs and will not work. YouTube videos generally work, unless they are live.) Consider re-encoding your content with an open codec supported by stock Chromium such as WebM or Ogg Vorbis.
OS X Users
- (Pre-Unity 2017.3) By default, your new Unity project will target universal builds, you'll need to change it to x64 before you can build and run your application.
- At present, OS X builds must be made from OS X. Make sure that the
ZFGameBrowser
executable is marked executable when you distribute your application.
Linux Users
- Linux support is experimental.
- You can make Linux builds from Windows, but make sure that the
ZFGameBrowser
executable is marked executable when you distribute your application. - Newer versions of Ubuntu: You need to
sudo apt install libgconf2-4
as an installation dependency.
Other Platforms
ZFBrowser is only supported on the platforms listed above right now. If you're interested in support for other platforms, please let me know! In most cases I can't simply port the existing backend to another OS, but having your votes will help me know what is most worthwhile to work on!
Scripting
You can send and receive messages from the currently loaded browser page.
JavaScript vs UnityScript
Browsers run JavaScript, specifically, ECMAScript. JavaScript has a .js extension. Unity runs .NET languages, in particular: C# (.cs) and previously Boo (.boo) and UnityScript (.js). Due to a terrible historical mistake, UnityScript has been, and often still is, called "JavaScript". To be clear:
UnityScript IS NOT JavaScript.
In this package all references to "JavaScript" refer to what web browsers run. Beware that UnityScript and JavaScript files both have the same .js extension. In general, files in Assets/ with a .js extension will be treated as UnityScript and files in BrowserAssets/ with a .js extension will be treated as JavaScript.
Scripting Intro
Browsers have a Browser
MonoBehaviour. You can call functions in the page by invoking CallFunction
:
using ZenFulcrum.EmbeddedBrowser;
...
var browser = GetComponent<Browser>();//assuming we are a MonoBehaviour attached to the same GameObject as the Browser
//calls window.setPlayerStats("myPlayerName", 2, 4200, false) in the browser
browser.CallFunction("setPlayerStats", "myPlayerName", 2, 4200, false).Done();
Functions are resolved in the global scope of the top frame of the browser and executed with the given arguments. You can pass basic types (strings, integers, bools, etc.) without any extra effort.
You can also use EvalJS
to run any JavaScript you'd like in the context of the page:
browser.EvalJS("if (someCondition()) someVar = 42;").Done();
To query the page for data, you can look at the return value. EvalJS
and CallFunction
don't execute immediately, they are asynchronous, therefore they return promises:
browser.EvalJS("document.title").Then(ret => Debug.Log("Document title: " + ret)).Done();
browser.CallFunction("doSomeFoo", 1, 2, 3).Then(ret => Debug.Log("Result: " + ret)).Done();
If you are in a Unity coroutine, you can wait for the promises to finish before continuing:
var promise = browser.EvalJS("document.title");
yield return promise.ToWaitFor();
Debug.Log("Document title: " + promise.Value);
This can be much easier to deal with in cases where you are chaining a lot of tasks.
You'll typically want to add .Done()
after any EvalJS()
or CallFunction()
calls. This will add a default error handler that will log any unhandled exceptions or syntax errors in your code. You won't get errors for your evaluated code unless you call EvalJS(...).Done()
or otherwise use the Promise API to handle the error. If you don't call .Done()
, .Catch()
, or the like your code will still execute, you just won't be notified if it fails.
See the promise section for more details on the promise library.
To receive events pushed from the page, you can expose a function callback. Do this with RegisterFunction
:
browser.RegisterFunction("confirmClicked", args => Debug.Log("Button clicked: " + args[0] + " val: " + (int)args[1]));
Then you can call it from your page:

<button onclick="confirmClicked('button3', 13)">Confirm Things</button>
Notes
- The functions that return data from a page return a
JSONNode
. This is a class which implicitly converts to basic types like strings and integers. Take a look in JSONNode.cs for more information. - If you'd like to pass something more complex than a basic type, build a
JSONNode
. AJSONNode
allows you to build and access JSON data using a fairly fluent language-native interface. - If you'd like to pass something yet still more complex, or have data automatically read from your objects' fields:
- You can use any JSON system (such as Unity's functions, Json.NET/Newtonsoft.Json, or another library of your choice) to pack and unpack data on the Unity side.
- You can use JSON.stringify/parse on the JavaScript/browser side.
- You can also evaluate raw JavaScript in the browser by calling browser.EvalJS
- If the Browser isn't ready for commands or the page isn't loaded yet, it will queue your commands and execute them then the page is loaded.
- The JavaScript execution engine is V8. Not only is JavaScript support robust and complete, you can also use some es6 features.
- Note that functions you expose won't be available at the time of the HTML load event. If you need to know when the page loads, use browser.WhenLoaded (Unity side).
- Check out the included demo and examples for some example code and use cases.
- For pages that have Content Security Policies preventing use of eval, use
EvalJSCSP
. ("Refused to execute inline script because it violates the following Content Security Policy ...") There's pitfalls, so read the function's documentation.
Promises
ZFBrowser uses this promise library made by Real Serious Games with some small changes.
Original documentation can be found here or online here.
This copy has been modified a bit from the version you can get from GitHub, namely:
- The library namespace has been changed from
RSG
toZenFulcrum.EmbeddedBrowser
namespace for simplicity and to avoid potential conflicts. - An
UnhandledException
handler forDebug.LogError
is registered by default. - You can use Promises with coroutines:
yield return somePromise.ToWaitFor();
waits for the promise to be rejected or resolved. - You can query a Promise for its resolved value (or rejection) with
promise.Value
.
The promise library is covered by the MIT license, as noted in ThirdPartyNoticies.txt.
Embedded Resources
You can embed web resources (HTML, JS, CSS, images, etc.) with your game and access them without the need for an external web server.
Place these resources in a folder named BrowserAssets
next to your Assets
folder, then access them with localGame://index.html
instead of the usual http://example.com/index.html
.
Notes
localGame://
is treated like a unique domain and is subject to same-domain policies like other websites.- Remember: If you want to run scripts on arbitrary websites, you can open a browser to that website and inject JavaScript with browser.EvalJS.
- If you want to customize or change how these resources are fetched, read the documentation in WebResources.cs.
- In the editor, you can simply refresh a page to see updated changes for changed files.
- File names are case-sensitive! Test your standalone build. Under the Editor some platforms may incorrectly load wRonGcapS successfully.
- When you build, all browser assets are packaged up as a single file and included with the build.
localGame://
is not the actual URL the browser uses, so don't hardcode it in your HTML. (The real URL is currentlyhttps://game.local/
, but may change.)- Avoid putting untrusted code in BrowserAssets
- You may need to URL-encode your path if it contains non-alphanumeric characters. How to encode
Input
All mouse/keyboard input events are collected in Unity and forwarded to the underlying browser. How this input is sent can be customized.
- Out of the box, there are systems included for taking input from mouse, screen touches, camera ray (FPS), and tracked VR controllers. These input systems support browsers that are rendered either a) to a mesh (of any shape) with an appropriate mesh collider or b) Unity's GUI system.
- A few browser prefabs are included. Which one you use depends on what type of input you'd like:
- Have a mesh in a scene you click on with your regular mouse cursor? Use the
Browser (Mouse)
prefab. It uses aPointerUIMesh
that listens for mouse events and touch events and aCursorRendererOS
to change the ordinary mouse cursor to match the page. - Have a character walking around in a scene that interacts with browser "screens"? Use the
Browser (FPS)
prefab along with your character controller to use a camera's forward ray to point and the mouse to click. It calculates rays from the main (or your given) camera and uses aCursorRendererOverlay
to render the cursor in the middle of the game view. - Have a GUI of some sort? Take a
Browser (GUI)
and drop it into aCanvas
object. (It uses aCursorRendererOS
to change the mouse cursor.)- Consider setting the
Canvas
'sPixel Perfect
flag to true for a nicer-looking screen-space browser. - Note that the browser BG being transparent/opaque may affect font subpixel hinting.
- Consider setting the
- Want to point at the browser in VR with tracked controllers? Use the
Browser (VR)
prefab. VR needs some extra setup, keep reading here. (It uses aCursorRendererWorldSpace
to render the cursor in the game world.)
 Use the
- All input handlers above (except the GUI one) use a mesh collider and rays to determine where on the browser you are pointing. You can customize the shape of the mesh, but make sure the collider a) has the same mesh or b) a substantially similar mesh with UVs that visually align.
- A wide variety of mouse cursors are displayed on web pages to give context. The above prefabs should do what you need, but take a look at the
CursorRenderer*
classes if you are doing something by hand or want to play around. - At present, the all clicks/touches/pointing is converted to a single mouse click and sent to the browser as such. Unfortunately, that means touch scrolling/gestures aren't presently available. (But you might be able to workaround this by using EvalJS.)
- Mouse scroll speed and double-click handling options can be adjusted by altering myBrowserUI.InputSettings.
VR Input
An input system is included for getting input from tracked VR controllers to point at and interact with a browser. Unity 2017.2 or newer is required.
Basic setup:
- First, do the usual setup to get VR running in your project (Player Settings » XR Settings).
- Unity's VR controller input is a bit of a mess right now (see comment in VRInput.cs). To get input data form the controllers we use the direct APIs. To get controller inputs working for:
- OpenVR (Vive, Oculus under SteamVR): What you need is already included. Their license is uncomplicated. ;-)
- Oculus VR (Oculus standalone):
- Grab the Unity Oculus SDK and import it into your project.
- In Unity go to Edit » Project Settings » Player » Other Settings » Scripting Define Symbols and add
OCULUS_API
to let ZFBrowser know to use it. (Or just uncomment#define OCULUS_SDK
in VRInput.cs.) - Delete
ZFBrowser/Scripts/**.asmdef
.
Once this is set up, you should be able to open up the VR
demo scene and give it a try!
To get things set up in your scene:
- Start by dropping a
Browser (VR)
prefab into the scene. - Find the
VRBrowserHand
prefab and drop a couple into your scene next to your camera. Use the inspector to assign one of them to the right hand. You can clear thevisualization
s if you have something else rendering the hands already.- Make sure the
VRBrowserHand
s have the same transform parent as the VR camera. - Make sure the VR camera starts with no rotation at its local origin, or things may not line up!
- Make sure the
- Have at it!
Also:
- By default, trigger is left click, grip is right click, and you can use the touchpad/joysticks to scroll. Extend
VRBrowserHand
to adjust/remap the inputs. - The default prefab is set up to prevent accidental drags when clicking, which should make things a bit easier to interact with for those of us without surgeon hands. If you still find links hard to "click" on without holding your hand very still consider increasing the "Drag Movement Threshold" on the MeshPointerUI component.
- Oculus users: This isn't specific to ZFBrowser, but you may want to call
XRDevice.SetTrackingSpaceType(TrackingSpaceType.RoomScale);
to make the Oculus API use the right coordinate system (y=0 at the floor). By default it will put y=0 at standing eye height which is inconsistent with OpenVR and what you'd expect these days. - Adding support for another VR backend might not be too much work. Take a look at
VRInput.cs
andVRBrowserHand.cs
to get a feel for what may need to happen.- If you want to get hand tracking data from somewhere other than the Unity API, take a look at adjusting
VRBrowserHand.UpdatePreCull
. - Buttons are read in the descendant classes of
VRInput
inVRInput.cs
.
- If you want to get hand tracking data from somewhere other than the Unity API, take a look at adjusting
External Keyboard
A world space keyboard is included for use with VR text entry and other times when a regular keyboard is not available. It can be linked to a browser and keystrokes entered on the virtual keyboard are passed to the browser.
Open the demo named ExternalKeyboard
to try it out with your mouse!
This is mostly pure Qwerty layout without the top row. Modifiers have been swapped out for some shortcuts: select all text, undo/redo, and clipboard manipulation. There's some word-skipping buttons next to the arrows. You can also select characters/words by using shift followed by movement keys. There's also a few themes available. Click the ✩ where num lock would be to cycle through them.
You can customize the design of the keyboard, change the way a theme looks or which is the default, and even add or remove buttons. ZFBrowser/Resources/Browser/Keyboard.html
contains the HTML for the keyboard. ExternalKeyboard.cs
manages keyboard focus and typing/message routing.
To use it, drop the ExternalKeyboard
prefab into your scene. By default it will link up to whichever browser seems to be focused, but you can toggle this behavior in the inspector. Also, take a look at the VR
demo for an example.
Customization
- Customize
alert()
,prompt()
,beforeUnload
, and password dialogs and the context menu by editingZFBrowser/Resources/Browser/Dialogs.html
- Customize error pages by editing
ZFBrowser/Resources/Browser/Errors.html
- Hook these events by listening to
Browser.onLoadError
/onCertError
/onSadTab
.
- Hook these events by listening to
- Mouse cursors are:
- Stored in
ZFBrowser/Resources/Browser/Cursors.png
. (These are more-or-less the base Chromium icons.) - Loaded and managed by the
BrowserCursor
class. - To change how a current cursor looks without altering the size, just edit Cursors.png.
- If you wish to change the cursor sizes or which cursor types map to which Cursors.png item, take a look at IconGenerator.cs. (This script isn't intended for general use, so be prepared to get your hands dirty.)
- Stored in
Debugging
Page Debugging
Often during development, you will find your pages need debugging.
Tip: You don't always have to restart the game to test a change, in some cases you can simply refresh the page. (Unity inspector » browser instance » Refresh or Page inspector » ctrl+r).
Here's a few way to go about it:
Page Inspector
You can access the Webkit/Chromium inspector, which opens in a new window beside the running game.
- Under the Editor in play mode: Select the Browser, then click "Show Dev Tools"
- You can also use browser.ShowDevTools() to open an inspector window.
External Page Inspector
You can access the page inspector from another browser or IDE that supports Chromium's debugger.
- To debug when running in the Editor, visit http://localhost:9848/
- To debug when running a debug build, visit http://localhost:9849/
- Release builds cannot be debugged using this method.
- Use a Chromium-based browser to load the above URLs. (If you have issues, try using the same Chromium version as the ZFBrowser does.)
Ordinary Browser
You can also load your pages in an ordinary browser and debug them there. If you do, you may find it useful to create small "log what happened" stubs for the functions you expose from Unity. Call functions you want to test from the JavaScript console.
Cookies
By default cookies and profile data aren't saved between runs. Set BrowserNative.ProfilePath
to a folder of your choice before the first Update to enable profile saving. (Or use a BrowserSystemSettings
in your scene.)
- Delete all cookies with
browser.CookieManager.ClearAll()
. - Grab the cookies from the browser with
browser.CookieManager.GetCookies()
. This is asynchronous and returns a promise, see the promise section for more information on the promise library. - Once you have a cookie, you can make edits and call
cookie.Update()
or get rid of it withcookie.Delete()
. - Create new cookies from scratch with
new Cookie(browsser.CookieManager)
adjust the fields (be sure to set at least a domain, name, and value!) then create it withcookie.Update()
. - Aside from clearing all cookies, the Cookie API is a bit experimental, in particular, the dates may not function very well.
Notes
- You can customize which browser items the user is allowed to right-click (and get a context menu on). Look in the inspector under "Allow Context Menu On". By default, only text boxes will allow a context menu.
- Page background: By default, the

of pages will be rendered as transparent. You can change this to an opaque opaque color by setting the browser's Base Color to completely opaque. (If done from code, make sure to do this before the first Update() call.) Also, thisbaseColor
value is used to clear the browser texture until we have a page render (usually a brief flash).- This can't be fully changed after a browser is initialized, but you can change the page itself by runnings scripts. For example:
browser.EvalJS("document.body.style.background = 'red'")
- This can't be fully changed after a browser is initialized, but you can change the page itself by runnings scripts. For example:
- Custom mouse cursors are supported via CSS cursors.
- You can control what happens when navigation attempts to open a new window.
- Set the option you want in the inspector or call
browser.SetNewWindowHandler
. Ignore
will just ignore the new window.Redirect
, the default, will take the current window and send it to the new URL. (Note that some pop-up pages won't work if the parent is unloaded.)NewBrowser
allows you create a new in-game browser to hold the new "window". You need to write code and callbrowser.SetNewWindowHandler
for this option. Take a look at theNewWindow
demo!NewWindow
opens the browser in a new OS window. Don't use this except for testing and debugging. The OS-level windows may have unstable, unexpected, or incomplete behavior
- Set the option you want in the inspector or call
- We use a user agent that makes most websites think we're Chrome, but it does identify the engine, library, and your application's name and version. Change your application's name and version in the Player Settings.
- You can force your own user agent by calling
UserAgent.SetUserAgent(string)
. This must be called before the first browser initializes. - Save user data between application runs by setting
BrowserNative.ProfilePath
. Also must be called before the first browser initializes. - You can use a
BrowserSystemSettings
in your scene to set the user agent or profile path without writing code. - It is normal to see several
ZFGameBrowser
child processes once a browser has been opened. - A number of events, such as page load error, are available for you to hook into. Search
Browser.cs
for "public event" and read the documentation above each. - Disabling the Browser MonoBehaviour will not stop the underlying browser from running. Destroy the object or load a blank page to free up resources a page is using.
- It's not officially supported, but some features of WebRTC might work if you enable a certain command-line switch. See
BrowserNative.commandLineSwitches
and be sure to note the security implications. - Don't create folders named
GPUCache
,VideoDecodeStats
,blob_storage
where your project runs. Chromium may put things into such folders which are cleaned up on exit. - You can adjust the command-line switches sent to Chromium by fiddling with
BrowserNative.commandLineSwitches
. Read the comment above it in BrowserNative.cs for instructions.
Latency/Performance
The browser is rendered offscreen in a separate process and the resulting pixels are transferred to a texture. Performance will not be as good as native Chromium, but should generally be fair to decent.
Latency:
- All activity (mouse clicks, JS calls, input) is sent asynchronously to a separate renderer process and the results are asynchronously reported back. As such, there is a short delay between when a command is issued and when the results are visible. The delay should be quite reasonable in most cases, but don't expect results the same frame you issue a command.
- Avoid using a Browser for latency-critical use cases such as rhythm games, world-aligned HUD markers, and rendering mouse cursors.
Performance:
- If framerates are more important for your use case, you may want to fiddle with the command-line option
--disable-gpu-vsync
. SeeBrowserNative.commandLineSwitches
. - At present the texture is typically composited on the GPU, then pulled back to the CPU and uploaded again in Unity via
LoadRawTextureData
.- ...unless you turn on mip-maps. Generating mipmaps is expensive, and we don't use
LoadRawTextureData
. The included prefabs turn off mipmap generation and use a special mipmap-emulating shader that "fakes" a texture with mipmaps, keeping ugly pixelation at bay for a minimal cost. (Check out theMaterials/EmulatedMipmap
folder.)
- ...unless you turn on mip-maps. Generating mipmaps is expensive, and we don't use
- You may have more success using lower-resolution images for animations and things that frequently update. Large sizes are more suitable for static displays and user interfaces.
- At high enough resolutions, uploading to the GPU can become a notable bottleneck. There's typically a limit to the number of pixels/frame that can be updated without slowing down the game loop.
- Remember that on almost all systems the browsers use the same GPU for rendering that Unity does. If you have heavy content, be sure to factor this into your rendering budget.
Architecture
Chromium doesn't play nice with others. To keep everyone happy and fix many bugs, Chromium is actually run in a separate process and we talk to it via IPC (a mixture of named pipes for messages and shared memory for the rendered buffer). You'll notice that your game spawns a ZFGameBrowser process which in turn spawns the usual Chromium child processes; this is normal.
Adobe Flash
This version of ZFBrowser includes some experimental support for Adobe Flash. Using this is discouraged and support for it may be removed in the future.
Enabling Flash requires some extra steps; see below.
Do I need it?
The Web is an evolving place and ever-increasingly interactive web sties don't need Flash to support media-rich content.
You need Flash if you want to:
- Display content that is only available with Flash.
- Watch video that uses proprietary codecs, such as h.264. ZFBrowser doesn't have licenses for these codecs, but Flash does and many video streaming sites will fall back to using a Flash player to stream content if necessary.
Note that outdated versions of the Flash plugin may not function. User interaction may be required to start Flash content.
For myself (manual install)
If you are developing locally, prototyping, or will only distribute your application to computers that you control, use this method.
Instructions:
- Install the Adobe Flash Player on your system.
- Go to https://get.adobe.com/flashplayer/otherversions/
- Select your OS
- Select the latest "PPAPI" version available.
- Uncheck boxes for things you don't want.
- Download now.
- Install using the usual methods for your OS.
- Open up BrowserNative.cs. Under
commandLineSwitches
make sure--enable-system-flash
is there.- For Linux: Try these arguments instead:
--ppapi-flash-path=/usr/lib/adobe-flashplugin/libpepflashplayer.so
, updating the path with the actual file location, if needed.--ppapi-flash-version=<IP_ADDRESS>
, replacing the version with your actual version (look in<install folder>/manifest.json
).
- For Linux: Try these arguments instead:
- Go! (You may need to restart the Editor.)
You'll need to install Flash on every computer you distribute your application to.
For anyone (distribute Flash)
To distribute Flash with your application, you'll need to get permission from Adobe and run their installer with your installer.
General flow: Untested, let me know how it goes!
- Start development using the instructions in the last section, including the
--enable-system-flash
flag. (You'll need to get creative for the Linux requirements.) - Get a distributor's license for your application
- Apply here
- Fill out paperwork, get approval from Adobe.
- Get an installer from Adobe. You need the PPAPI version (for Chromium).
- Set up the Flash installer to run when your application installs.
Known issues
- When closing the inspector, the page will become opaque.
- Support for Flash is experimental. A command prompt window may flash while starting Flash content.
- onFetch does not fire reliably due to some bad internal design. Consider using onLoad or another event instead.
Get Help
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The growth and the development of the internet and the ability to rapidly share and access information across the globe has profoundly changed the way we live our lives. We have come a long way from the days of dial-up modems to a world of smartphones, billions of users online, and increasingly ubiquitous instant access via mobile connections.
One particular aspect of the internet has allowed for the incredible innovation that we have seen in recent years. This is the fact that no matter who is connecting to who, all data is treated equally. Your internet service provider has one role: to provide you with a fat, dumb pipe with which to connect to others on the network, regardless of who it is or where they are located. In this way, the internet is a utility, giving you the ability to connect to whoever you desire and share information.
This means that whether I am connecting to my neighbor, a new start-up service, or Google, the traffic is treated equally and my ISP does its best regardless of who I am requesting to connect with to provide me with the fastest speed that they can.
Unfortunately, a recent proposal from the FCC is set to change the game entirely. The FCC states that the proposal will not allow “unreasonable discrimination among users”, but who is going to determine what is considered reasonable? How can any discrimination at all be considered “reasonable”?
If ISPs are allowed to discriminate between traffic, this means that they can charge large corporations for priority access. For example, Comcast might charge Netflix and YouTube a fee, which would then be passed on to the consumer, creating a situation similar to what we have seen for years with cable television.
Web entrepreneurs such as Reddit co-founder Alexis Ohanian (who is working to raise money to fight for this issue understand that without true net neutrality, they would never have been able to get where they are today. Users are going to tend towards using the services that are the fastest and least expensive, and if a new start-up has to pay exorbitant fees to ISPs or be stuck with low service speeds, their chances of competing with incumbent megacorporations is going to be significantly reduced.
Other activists like those at NoSlowLane.com are working to prevent this from happening, but it remains to be seen how the FCC will rule on this critical issue.


cDriverSensoray626 offers an interface to the Sensoray 626 boards. More...
#include <CDriverSensoray626.h>
Public Member Functions | |
| cDriverSensoray626 () | |
| Constructor of cDriverSensoray626. | |
| ~cDriverSensoray626 () | |
| Destructor of cDriverSensoray626. | |
| int | open () |
| Open connection to Sensoray626 board. | |
| int | close () |
| Close connection to Sensoray626 board. | |
| int | initialize (const bool a_resetEncoders=false) |
| Initialize Sensoray626 board. | |
| int | command (int iCommand, void *iData) |
cDriverSensoray626 offers an interface to the Sensoray 626 boards.
| int cDriverSensoray626::close | ( | ) | [virtual] |
Close connection to Sensoray626 board.
Close connection to the board, write a zero value to all DACs.
Reimplemented from cGenericDevice.
| int cDriverSensoray626::command | ( | int | a_command, | |
| void * | a_data | |||
| ) | [virtual] |
Send a command to the Sensoray626 board possible commands are: CHAI_CMD_GET_DEVICE_STATE: returns an int (1 board is ready, 0 board is NOT ready) CHAI_CMD_GET_ENCODER_0: reads encoder 0, returns counts value in a long CHAI_CMD_GET_ENCODER_1: reads encoder 1, returns counts value in a long CHAI_CMD_GET_ENCODER_2: reads encoder 2, returns counts value in a long CHAI_CMD_GET_ENCODER_3: reads encoder 3, returns counts value in a long CHAI_CMD_GET_ENCODER_4: reads encoder 4, returns counts value in a long CHAI_CMD_GET_ENCODER_5: reads encoder 5, returns counts value in a long CHAI_CMD_SET_DAC_0: writes a voltage to DAC 0 a value between +10 and -10 volts, which is a double CHAI_CMD_SET_DAC_1: writes a voltage to DAC 1 a value between +10 and -10 volts, which is a double CHAI_CMD_SET_DAC_2: writes a voltage to DAC 2 a value between +10 and -10 volts, which is a double CHAI_CMD_SET_DAC_3: writes a voltage to DAC 3 a value between +10 and -10 volts, which is a double
Set command to the Sensoray626 board.
| a_command | Selected command. | |
| a_data | Pointer to the corresponding data structure. |
Reimplemented from cGenericDevice.
| int cDriverSensoray626::initialize | ( | const bool | a_resetEncoders = false |
) | [virtual] |
Initialize Sensoray626 board.
Initializes board. In this implementation there's really nothing to do that hasn't been done in the opening phase.
| a_resetEncoders | Ignored; reserved for forward compatibility |
Reimplemented from cGenericDevice.
| int cDriverSensoray626::open | ( | ) | [virtual] |
Open connection to Sensoray626 board.
Open connection to Sensoray board
Reimplemented from cGenericDevice.


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