decNumber.getcontext
decctx:duplicate
decctx:setcontext
decctx:setdefault
decctx:getclamp
decctx:getdigits
decctx:getemax
decctx:getemin
decctx:getround
decctx:getstatus
decctx:getstatusstring
decctx:gettraps
decctx:setclamp
decctx:setdigits
decctx:setemax
decctx:setemin
decctx:setround
decctx:setstatus
decctx:setstatusstring
decctx:settraps
decnum:__concat
decnum:toengstring
decNumber.tonumber
decnum:tostring
decnum:abs
decnum:add
decnum:copy
decnum:copyabs
decnum:copynegate
decnum:copysign
decnum:divide
decnum:divideinteger
decnum:exp
decnum:floor
decnum:fma
decnum:invert
decnum:land
decnum:ln
decnum:log10
decnum:logb
decnum:lor
decnum:max
decnum:maxmag
decnum:min
decnum:minmag
decnum:minus
decnum:mod
decnum:multiply
decnum:nextminus
decnum:nextplus
decnum:nexttoward
decnum:normalize
decnum:plus
decnum:power
decnum:quantize
decnum:remainder
decnum:remaindernear
decnum:rescale
decnum:rotate
decnum:samequantum
decnum:scaleb
decnum:shift
decnum:squareroot
decnum:subtract
decnum:tointegralexact
decnum:tointegralvalue
decnum:trim
decnum:xor
decnum:class
decnum:classasstring
classtostring
decnum:compare
decnum:comparetotal
decnum:comparetotalmag
decnum:eq
decnum:iscanonical
decnum:isfinite
decnum:isinfinite
decnum:isnan
decnum:isnegative
decnum:isnormal
decnum:isqnan
decnum:issnan
decnum:isspecial
decnum:issubnormal
decnum:iszero
decnum:le
decnum:lt
decnum:radix
ldecNumber - a Lua 5.1 wrapper for the Decimal Number library decNumber
The ldecNumber package is a Lua module for General Decimal Arithmetic. For the background and rationale for the design of the arithmetic, see Decimal Floating-Point: Algorism for Computers in the Proceedings of the 16th IEEE Symposium on Computer Arithmetic (Cowlishaw, M. F., 2003). http://www2.hursley.ibm.com/decimal/IEEE-cowlishaw-arith16.pdf The decNumber package, an arbitrary-precision implementation of the specifications in ANSI C, provides a reference implementation for both the arithmetic and the encodings, and is used as the basis for the ldecNumber package. See Mike Cowlishaw's decimal page http://www2.hursley.ibm.com/decimal/ for more information and the latest versions of the decNumber package and test code.
The ldecNumber package was designed to provide the arithmetic facilities of the decNumber package with a Lua flavor. It is a loadable Lua module, designed for Lua 5.1.
ldecNumber source code can be downloaded from its LuaForge (http://luaforge.net/projects/ldecnumber/) page.
The source code from the decNumber package and the decTest package are included in the ldecNumber distribution for a few reasons:
The distribution also includes a copy of the decNumber C library
User's Guide, decNumber.pdf. This is the best reference for the
specification of most of the functions included in the decNumber
module.
A Makefile is provided.
A few arbitrary choices were made in the implementation of the Lua wrapper.
The size of structures used in the decNumber package determines the
maximum number of decimal digits in decimal numbers it can manipulate.
The default build of the decNumber
module is configured for 69 digits.
This number was chosen for a couple reasons: the resulting structure
size is between 57 and 64 bytes in size (so each decimal number takes
this this much space), and this precision is a bit more than twice
what is needed for Decimal128 external format. Providing twice the
external format's precision seemed like a good practice for mitigation
of rounding issues during calculations with these numbers.
Note: the ldecNumber package does not yet support any external binary formats, such as Decimal128, though it may in the future. Presently Lua strings and Lua numbers are the only ``external'' formats.
In any case, you may change the value of DECNUMDIGITS
during a build
of the decNumber
module to accommodate more digits, or reduce memory
overhead if you need fewer digits. The decNumber
module has only been
tested with the default setting, and one or two others.
The decNumber context provides configuration settings such as working precision and rounding mode, and also holds condition flags. Functions in the decNumber package take a context argument. Using this approach in Lua would have made infix operator syntax impossible. This would not have been very Lua-like.
Instead, the decNumber
module automatically maintains a decNumber
context per Lua thread. This thread decNumber context may be modified
and inspected. It may also be retrieved and restored, so threads may
maintain multiple contexts if desired. Modifications to the context
in one thread do not affect the contexts in other threads, unless, of
course, threads explicitly retrieve, exchange, and replace their
contexts with a shared context. (If you don't use setcontext you
don't need to worry!)
The default decNumber context is DEC_INIT_DECIMAL128
as described
in decNumber.pdf. This default may be changed during a build of the
decNumber
module by changing the value of LDN_CONTEXT_DEFAULT
.
The context method setdefault may be used to initialize a context to
one of the well known default configurations.
Names in the decNumber package follow a convention of a
decNumber
or DEC_
prefix and mixed case, or for some constants,
upper case. Lua code, on the other hand, tends toward lower case
identifiers. I attempted to unify this by
decNumber
as the module name
There are two cases where in following these rules the decNumber
names clash with Lua reserved words or
and and
-- in these
cases the decNumber functions are called ``logical'' operations,
so I called the functions lor
and land
.
Wherever there was a predefined Lua metamethod, e. g., __add
, the
appropriate function is bound to that name as well as the decNumber
package function name.
Where it seemed appropriate, functions are provided both as methods
on decimal numbers, as well as functions in the decNumber
module.
The decimal numbers created by Lua are not mutable. This decision was based on my judgment that the potential performance benefit, mainly lower memory consumption and less garbage collection, was outweighed by the safety and lack of ``surprise'' that immutability provides. This makes decimal numbers compatible with Lua numbers and strings, both of which are also not mutable.
All the functions in the decNumber
module automatically convert
their arguments from Lua numbers or strings as necessary to perform
the operation. This conversion is done with the current settings in
the thread decNumber context.
The distribution contains an examples directory with Lua translations of some of the C examples from the decNumber package.
The distribution contains a test directory with a few test files.
File: ldecNumberUnitTest.lua
This is a small but expanding set of unit tests for the decNumber
module. It uses the lunit module that can be obtained from Mike
Roth's page http://www.nessie.de/mroth/lunit/.
File: ldecNumberGausstest.lua
This is a small small tests for the
decNumber.randomstate
function and use of Random States. It defines a Gaussian random
number generator, and tests it by graphing the result of many
executions. It uses the Lua DISLIN library for graphing, see
LuaForge for Lua DISLIN
http://luaforge.net/projects/ldislin/files.
File: ldecNumberThreadsTest.lua
This is a simple test that the decimal context in each thread is independent. It requires visual inspection of the results to verify that thread 1 is rounding ROUND_HALF_DOWN and thread 2 is rounding ROUND_HALF_EVEN.
File: ldecNumberPerf.lua
This is a simple test of the speed of some arbitrary decNumber
module functions. It was useful to confirm that decimal context
caching was worthwhile. It relies on the lperformance module, which
is included, but has been designed for WindowsXP.
File: ldecNumberTestDriver.lua
This is the big test. It uses dectest sources from IBM, and has over 60,000 test cases. The Lua file is a driver to execute the tests specified by dectest.
As of version 21 of the Lua decNumber
module, the results for this
test (dectest version 2.55) are:
For all 60937 tests, 59951 succeeded, 5 failed, 301 failed(conv), 644 skipped(#), 36 skipped(prec).
This is as good as possible with the default configuration. What this means is:
59951 succeeded woot! 5 failed these 5 tests are know to fail in the decNumber C library; these edge cases are under reconsideration in the Decimal Number Specification 301 failed(conv) the precision required for the operands is insufficient in the Lua wrapper 644 skipped(#) the test is for NULL arguments or format conversions not supported 36 skipped(prec) the test called for a precision larger than provided in the Lua wrapper
Here is a reference to the data types, constants, and functions in the
decNumber
module. Many of these will refer to the decNumber C library
User's Guide, decNumber.pdf, for implementation details.
The decNumber
module defines three userdata types with their own
metatables. These are Decimal Numbers, Decimal Contexts, and
decimal Random States.
Decimal numbers are immutable numeric values. In the default configuration they can have up to 69 digits of precision, and exponents of -999999999 to 999999999.
Decimal numbers are created by the functions in the decNumber
module. Since any arguments to these functions may be strings,
Lua numbers, or decimal numbers, conversion from strings or
Lua numbers to decimal numbers can be achieved in may ways.
The function decNumber.tonumber
is
the most obvious.
In the descriptions below, arguments or results that may be a
string, Lua number, or decimal number are indicated by <decarg>
whereas arguments or results that must be a decimal number
are indicated by decnum
.
The metatable for decimal numbers is available as
decNumber.number_metatable
.
Decimal contexts are mutable records that contain
decNumber
module, such as
precision and rounding
See Context for some rational on how the decNumber
module manages contexts.
In the descriptions below, arguments or results that must be a
decimal context are indicated by decctx
.
The metatable for decimal contexts is available as
decNumber.context_metatable
.
Random states are mutable records that contain opaque data for generation of random numbers.
See Operations on Random States for the description of functions for creating and using random states.
In the descriptions below, arguments or results that must be a
decimal context are indicated by decrst
.
The metatable for decimal contexts is available as
decNumber.drandom_metatable
.
Here are the constants exposed in the decNumber
module from the
decNumber package.
These numeric flags are used with
decctx:setround(x)
decNumber.ROUND_CEILING round towards +infinity decNumber.ROUND_UP round away from 0 decNumber.ROUND_HALF_UP 0.5 rounds up decNumber.ROUND_HALF_EVEN 0.5 rounds to nearest even decNumber.ROUND_HALF_DOWN 0.5 rounds down decNumber.ROUND_DOWN round towards 0 (truncate) decNumber.ROUND_FLOOR round towards -infinity decNumber.ROUND_05UP round for reround
These numeric status flags are used with
decctx:getstatus()
decNumber.Conversion_syntax decNumber.Division_by_zero decNumber.Division_impossible decNumber.Division_undefined decNumber.Insufficient_storage decNumber.Inexact decNumber.Invalid_context decNumber.Invalid_operation decNumber.Overflow decNumber.Clamped decNumber.Rounded decNumber.Subnormal decNumber.Underflow
These constants are combinations of the above status flags:
decNumber.IEEE_854_Division_by_zero decNumber.IEEE_854_Inexact decNumber.IEEE_854_Invalid_operation decNumber.IEEE_854_Overflow decNumber.IEEE_854_Underflow decNumber.Errors normally errors (results are qNaN, infinite, or 0) decNumber.NaNs cause a result to become qNaN decNumber.Information normally for information only (have finite results)
These numeric classifications for decNumbers are aligned with IEEE 754r
and are returned by
decnum:class()
Note that 'normal' and 'subnormal' are meaningful only with a decContext.
decNumber.CLASS_SNAN decNumber.CLASS_QNAN decNumber.CLASS_NEG_INF decNumber.CLASS_NEG_NORMAL decNumber.CLASS_NEG_SUBNORMAL decNumber.CLASS_NEG_ZERO decNumber.CLASS_POS_ZERO decNumber.CLASS_POS_SUBNORMAL decNumber.CLASS_POS_NORMAL decNumber.CLASS_POS_INF
These classifications are also returned as string values from
decnum:classasstring()
These constants are used with
decctx:setdefault(x)
decNumber.INIT_BASE decNumber.INIT_DECIMAL32 decNumber.INIT_DECIMAL64 decNumber.INIT_DECIMAL128
See note re: decNumber.INIT_BASE
and traps, below in
decctx:setdefault(x)
These constants provide information about the compile time configuration.
decNumber.MAX_DIGITS constant DECNUMDIGITS, the maximum precision
decNumber.version a string with the decNumber module version information
The following functions operate on decimal contexts. See the decNumber C library User's Guide, decNumber.pdf for details about contexts, and constants used for manipulating them.
decNumber.getcontext
decNumber.getcontext ()
Returns the thread's current decimal context.
decctx:duplicate
decctx:duplicate()
Returns a copy of the decimal context argument. This may be used, for example, to save and restore a context around temporary modifications, or to keep multiple decimal contexts on hand for quick wholesale context changes (rather than changing individual fields). You probably don't ever need to do this!
decctx:setcontext
decNumber.setcontext (decctx) decctx:setcontext ()
Sets the thread's decimal context to the argument, and returns the previous decimal context, i. e., the one that was just replaced. You probably don't ever need to do this!
decctx:setdefault
decctx:setdefault (initconst)
Initializes the context argument to the settings specified by the initconst. See Initialization Descriptors for permitted values for initconst. No values are returned.
Note: since traps are not supported, decNumber.INIT_BASE
differs
from the behavior documented in the decNumber C library User Guide in
that it leaves traps disabled.
Uses the C library function decContextDefault()
.
decctx:getclamp
decctx:getclamp ()
Returns the integer value of the clamp
field of the context
argument. When 0, a result exponent is limited to emax
(for
example, the exponent of a zero result will be clamped to this value).
When 1, a result exponent is limited to emax-(digits-1)
.
decctx:getdigits
decctx:getdigits ()
Returns the integer value of the digits
field of the context
argument. This is the working precision for this decimal context.
The results of decimal number operations will be rounded to this
length if necessary.
decctx:getemax
decctx:getemax ()
Returns the integer value of the emax
field of the context
argument. This is the magnitude of the largest adjusted exponent
that is permitted.
decctx:getemin
decctx:getemin ()
Returns the integer value of the emin
field of the context
argument. This is the smallest adjusted exponent that is permitted
for normal numbers.
decctx:getround
decctx:getround ()
Returns the integer value of the round
field of the context
argument. See Rounding for possible values.
decctx:getstatus
decctx:getstatus ()
Returns the integer value of the status
field of the context
argument. See Status Flags for possible values. In general,
the result will be a bitwise-or of a subset of these values.
decctx:getstatusstring
decctx:getstatusstring ()
Returns a string derived from the present value of the context
argument's status field using the C library function
decContextStatusToString()
.
decctx:gettraps
decctx:gettraps ()
Returns 0 (we hope!) since traps are not implemented in the Lua wrapper - use the status flags instead!
decctx:setclamp
decctx:setclamp (num)
Sets the integer value of the clamp
field of the context
argument to num
. When 0, a result exponent is limited to
emax
(for example, the exponent of a zero result will be
clamped to this value). When 1, a result exponent is limited
to emax - (digits - 1)
.
Returns the previous value of the clamp
field.
Note that it is an error if num is not one of the values 0 or 1.
decctx:setdigits
decctx:setdigits (num)
Sets the integer value of the digits
field of the context
argument to num
. This is the working precision for this
decimal context. The results of subsequent decimal number
operations will be rounded to this length if necessary.
Returns the previous value of the digits
field.
Note that it is an error if num exceeds decNumber.MAX_DIGITS
.
decctx:setemax
decctx:setemax (num)
Sets the integer value of the emax
field of the context
argument to num
. This is the magnitude of the largest
adjusted exponent that is permitted.
Returns the previous value of the emax
field.
Note that it is an error if num is outside the range 0 though 999,999,999.
decctx:setemin
decctx:setemin (num)
Sets the integer value of the emin
field of the context
argument to num
. This is the smallest adjusted exponent
that is permitted for normal numbers. emin
will usually equal
-emax
, but when a compressed format is used it will be
-(emax-1)
.
Returns the previous value of the emin
field.
Note that it is an error if num is outside the range -999,999,999 though 0.
decctx:setround
decctx:setround (rounding)
Sets the integer value of the round
field of the context
argument to rounding
. This is used to select the rounding
algorithm to be used if rounding is necessary during subsequent
decimal number operations.
Returns the previous value of the round
field.
Note that it is an error if rounding is not one of the values described in Rounding.
decctx:setstatus
decctx:setstatus (flags)
Sets the integer value of the status
field of the context
argument to flags
. See Status Flags for possible values.
In general, the flags will be a bitwise-or of a subset of these
values. Usually the flags
are 0 to clear all conditions.
Returns the previous value of the status field.
Note that it is an error if flags is not a bitwise-or of a subset of the values in Status Flags.
decctx:setstatusstring
decctx:setstatusstring (flagname)
Sets the decimal context's status bit corresponding to the name
string argument flagname
using the C library function
decContextSetStatusFromString()
.
decctx:settraps
decctx:settraps (flags)
Sets the integer value of the traps
field of the context
argument to flags
.
Note that it is an error if flags
is not zero since traps
are not implemented in the Lua wrapper - use the status
flags instead!
The following functions operate on decimal numbers. In the
descriptions below, arguments or results that may be a string,
Lua number, or decimal number are indicated by decarg
whereas
arguments or results that must be a decimal number are indicated by
decnum
. See Decimal Numbers.
See the decNumber C library User's Guide, decNumber.pdf for details about limitations of the functions, and behavior in exceptional situations.
Conversions
decnum:__concat
decnum:__concat (<string>)
Returns a string representing the value of the decimal number
argument concatenated with the string argument. See
decnum:tostring
below for a description
of the conversion operation.
Note that by binding the method __concat to this function, the
Lua ..
concatenation operator will work with a decimal number
and a string, in either order, due to Lua's internal application
of this method when one side of the ..
concatenation operator
is a decimal number.
Uses the C library function decNumberToString()
.
decnum:toengstring
decnum:toengstring () decNumber.toengstring (decarg)
Returns a string representing the value of the argument (converted to a decimal number first if necessary) using engineering notation (where the exponent will be a multiple of three, and there may be up to three digits before any decimal point) if an exponent is needed. It implements the to-engineering-string conversion.
Uses the C library function decNumberToEngString().
decNumber.tonumber
decNumber.tonumber (decarg)
Returns a decimal number. If the argument is a decimal number, it is simply returned. If the argument is a Lua number or string, it is converted, using the present decimal context as usual, to a decimal number and this value is returned.
Uses the C library function decNumberFromString()
.
decnum:tostring
decnum:tostring () decnum:__tostring () decNumber.tostring (decarg)
Returns a string representing the value of the argument (converted to a decimal number first if necessary) using scientific notation if an exponent is needed (that is, there will be just one digit before any decimal point). It implements the to-scientific-string conversion.
Note that by binding the method __tostring
to this function, the
Lua print
and tostring
functions will work with decimal numbers,
using this conversion function.
Uses the C library function decNumberToString()
.
Operations
decnum:abs
decnum:abs () decNumber.abs (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the absolute value of the argument.
Uses the C library function decNumberAbs()
.
decnum:add
decnum:add (decarg) decnum:__add (decarg) decNumber.add (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the sum of its arguments.
Note that by binding the method __add
to this function, the
Lua addition operator (+
) may be used with a decnum
on the
left and a decarg
on the right.
Uses the C library function decNumberAdd()
.
decnum:copy
decnum:copy () decNumber.copy (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is a copy of its argument. This is
not too useful since decnum
s are immutable in ldecNumber,
but it could be used as an alternative to
decnum:tonumber
No error is possible from this function when its argument is a
decnum
.
Uses the C library function decNumberCopy()
.
decnum:copyabs
decnum:copyabs () decNumber.copyabs (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the absolute value of its argument.
This is the quiet abs
function described in IEEE 754r.
No error is possible from this function when its argument is a
decnum
.
Uses the C library function decNumberCopyAbs()
.
decnum:copynegate
decnum:copynegate () decNumber.copynegate (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the negation of its argument, in
other words it returns a copy of its argument with the sign inverted.
This is the quiet negate
function described in IEEE 754r.
No error is possible from this function when its argument is a
decnum
.
Uses the C library function decNumberCopyNegate()
.
decnum:copysign
decnum:copysign (decarg) decNumber.copysign (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is a copy of its first argument but
with the sign of its second argument.
This is the quiet copysign
function described in IEEE 754r.
No error is possible from this function when its arguments are
both decnum
s.
Uses the C library function decNumberCopySign()
.
decnum:divide
decnum:divide (decarg) decnum:__div (decarg) decNumber.divide (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the left (1st) argument divided by the right (2nd) argument.
Note that by binding the method __div
to this function, the
Lua division operator (/
) may be used with a decnum
on the
left and a decarg
on the right.
Uses the C library function decNumberDivide()
.
decnum:divideinteger
decnum:divideinteger (decarg) decNumber.divideinteger (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the integer part of the result
of dividing of its arguments. Note that, per the decNumber
specification, this is a convert to integer by truncation. If
you want some other rounding mode, use decnum:floor
,
or for any rounding mode use
decnum:tointegralvalue
or decnum:quantize
.
Uses the C library function decNumberDivideInteger()
.
decnum:exp
decnum:exp () decNumber.exp (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is e raised to the power of the argument.
Uses the C library function decNumberExp()
.
decnum:floor
decnum:floor (decarg) decNumber.floor (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number integer that is the floor of the left (1st)
argument divided by the right (2nd) argument. Contrast this with
decnum:divideinteger
which uses truncation.
The floor function is implemented as equal to
decnum:divideinteger
if the signs of the
arguments are the same or if the remainder is zero, otherwise as equal
to the decnum:divideinteger
result minus 1.
The current context's rounding mode is used.
See decnum:mod
.
Uses the C library function decNumberDivideInteger()
, and then
decNumberMultiply()
followed by decNumberCompare() decNumberIsZero()
to check if the remainder is zero, and decNumberSubtract()
.
decnum:fma
decnum:fma (decarg,decarg) decNumber.fma (decarg, decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the result of multiplying the first argument by the second argument and then adding the third argument to that intermediate result. It is equivalent to a multiplication followed by an addition except that the intermediate result is not rounded and will not cause overflow or underflow. That is, only the final result is rounded and checked.
Uses the C library function decNumberFMA()
.
decnum:invert
decnum:invert () decNumber.invert (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the result of the digit-wise logical inversion of the argument (a 0 digit becomes 1 and vice versa).
Uses the C library function decNumberInvert()
.
decnum:land
decnum:land (decarg) decNumber.land (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the digit-wise logical and of the arguments. Note that all digits of the arguments must be 0 or 1 or else this operation returns NaN,
Uses the C library function decNumberAnd()
.
decnum:ln
decnum:ln () decNumber.ln (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the natural logarithm (logarithm in base e) of the argument.
Uses the C library function decNumberLn()
.
decnum:log10
decnum:log10 () decNumber.log10 (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the logarithm in base ten of the argument.
Uses the C library function decNumberLog10()
.
decnum:logb
decnum:logb () decNumber.logb (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the adjusted exponent of the
argument, according to the rules for the logB
operation of the
IEEE 754r proposal. This returns the exponent of the argument as
though its decimal point had been moved to follow the first digit
while keeping the same value. The result is not limited by
emin
or emax
.
Uses the C library function decNumberLogB()
.
decnum:lor
decnum:lor (decarg) decNumber.lor (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the digit-wise logical inclusive or of the arguments. Note that all digits of the arguments must be 0 or 1 or else this operation returns NaN,
Uses the C library function decNumberOr()
.
decnum:max
decnum:max (decarg) decNumber.max (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the maximum of its arguments.
Uses the C library function decNumberMax()
.
decnum:maxmag
decnum:maxmag (decarg) decNumber.maxmag (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the one of its arguments that
has the maximum magnitude. It is identical to
decnum:max
except that the signs of the operands
are ignored and taken to be 0 (non-negative).
Uses the C library function decNumberMaxMag()
.
decnum:min
decnum:min (decarg) decNumber.min (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the minimum of its arguments.
Uses the C library function decNumberMin()
.
decnum:minmag
decnum:minmag (decarg) decNumber.minmag (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the one of its arguments that
has the minimum magnitude. It is identical to
decnum:min
except that the signs of the operands
are ignored and taken to be 0 (non-negative).
Uses the C library function decNumberMinMag()
.
decnum:minus
decnum:minus () decnum:__unm () decNumber.minus (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the result of subtracting the argument from 0.
Note that by binding the method __unm
to this function, the
Lua unary minus operator (-
) may be used with decimal numbers.
Uses the C library function decNumberMinus()
.
decnum:mod
decnum:mod (decarg) decnum:__mod (decarg) decNumber.mod (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is remainder of the left (1st)
argument divided by the right (2nd) argument based on Lua rules
for the mod operator (%
). Lua defines
a % b == a - floor(a/b)*b
whereas the General Decimal Arithmetic Specification defines remainder using truncation.
The mod
function is implemented as equal to
decnum:remainder
if the signs of the
arguments are the same or the remainder is zero, otherwise as
equal to the remainder plus the divisor. The current context's
rounding mode is used.
Note that by binding the method __mod
to this function, the
Lua modulo operator (%
) may be used with a decnum
on the
left and a decarg
on the right.
Uses the C library functions decNumberRemainder()
,
decNumberIsNegative()
, decNumberIsZero()
, and decNumberAdd()
.
decnum:multiply
decnum:multiply (decarg) decnum:__mul (decarg) decNumber.multiply (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the product of its arguments.
Note that by binding the method __mul
to this function, the Lua
multiplication operator (*
) may be used with a decnum
on the
left and a decarg
on the right.
Uses the C library function decNumberMultiply()
.
decnum:nextminus
decnum:nextminus () decNumber.nextminus (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the closest value to the argument
in the direction of -Infinity. This is computed as though by
subtracting an infinitesimal amount from the argument
using ROUND_FLOOR
, except that no flags are set as long as the
argument is a decnum
(unless the argument is a signaling NaN).
This function is a generalization of the IEEE 754 nextDown
operation.
Uses the C library function decNumberNextMinus()
.
decnum:nextplus
decnum:nextplus () decNumber.nextplus (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the closest value to the argument
in the direction of +Infinity. This is computed as though by
adding an infinitesimal amount from the argument
using ROUND_CEILING
, except that no flags are set as long as the
argument is a decnum
(unless the argument is a signaling NaN).
This function is a generalization of the IEEE 754 nextUp
operation.
Uses the C library function decNumberNextPlus()
.
decnum:nexttoward
decnum:nexttoward (decarg) decNumber.nexttoward (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the closest value to the first
argument in the direction of the second argument. This is computed
as though by adding or subtracting an infinitesimal amount to the
first argument using either ROUND_CEILING
or ROUND_FLOOR
depending on whether the second argument is larger or smaller than
the first argument. If the arguments are numerically equal, then
the result is a copy of the first argument with the sign of the
second argument. Flags are set as usual for an addition or
subtraction (no flags are set in the equals case).
This function is a generalization of the IEEE 754 nextAfter
operation.
Uses the C library function decNumberNextToward()
.
decnum:normalize
decnum:normalize () decNumber.normalize (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the result of adding the argument to 0, and putting the result in its simplest form. That is, a non-zero number which has any trailing zeros in the coefficient has those zeros removed by dividing the coefficient by the appropriate power of ten and adjusting the exponent accordingly, and a zero has its exponent set to 0.
Uses the C library function decNumberNormalize()
.
decnum:plus
decnum:plus () decNumber.plus (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the result of adding the argument to 0. This takes place according to the settings given in the decimal context, following the usual arithmetic rules. This may therefore be used for rounding.
Uses the C library function decNumberPlus()
.
decnum:power
decnum:power (decarg) decnum:__pow (decarg) decNumber.power (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the left (1st) argument raised to the power of the right (2nd) argument.
Note that by binding the method __pow
to this function, the Lua
power operator (^
) may be used with a decnum
on the left
and a decarg
on the right.
Uses the C library function decNumberPower()
.
decnum:quantize
decnum:quantize (decarg) decNumber.quantize (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is numerically equal (except for any rounding) to the left (1st) argument but modified so its exponent has a specific value, equal to that of the right (2nd) argument. To achieve this, the coefficient of the result is adjusted (by rounding or shifting) so that its exponent has the requested value. For example, if the left (1st) argument had the value 123.4567, and the right (2nd) argument had the value 0.12, the result would be 123.46 (that is, 12346 with an exponent of -2, matching the right (2nd) argument).
Uses the C library function decNumberQuantize()
.
decnum:remainder
decnum:remainder (decarg) decNumber.remainder (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the remainder of the left (1st) argument divided by the right (2nd) argument. The identity
lhs == (lhs:divideinteger(rhs) * rhs) + lhs:remainder(rhs)
holds.
Uses the C library function decNumberRemainder()
.
decnum:remaindernear
decnum:remaindernear (decarg) decNumber.remaindernear (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the remainder of the left (1st)
argument divided by the right (2nd) argument using the rules
defined in IEEE 854. This follows the same definition as
decnum:remainder
, except that the nearest
integer quotient (or the nearest even integer if the remainder
is equidistant from two) is used instead of the result from
decnum:divideinteger
.
For example, decNumber.remaindernear(10, 6)
has the result -2
(instead of 4) because the multiple of 6 nearest to 10 is 12
(rather than 6).
Uses the C library function decNumberRemainderNear()
.
decnum:rescale
decnum:rescale (decarg) decNumber.rescale (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is numerically equal (except for
any rounding) to the left (1st) argument but modified so its exponent
has the value of the right (2nd) argument. See
decnum:quantize
.
The right (2nd) argument must be a whole number (before any rounding);
that is, any digits in the fractional part of the number must be zero.
Uses the C library function decNumberRescale()
.
decnum:rotate
decnum:rotate (decarg) decNumber.rotate (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the first argument with the digits of its coefficient rotated to the left (if the second argument is positive) or to the right (if the second argument is negative) without adjusting the exponent or the sign.
If the first argument has fewer digits than context digits
the
coefficient is padded with zeros on the left before the
rotate. Any leading zeros in the result are ignored, as usual.
The second argument is the count of digits to rotate; it must be an
integer (that is, it must have an exponent of 0) and must be in the
range -digits
through +digits
in the current context.
Uses the C library function decNumberRotate()
.
decnum:samequantum
decnum:samequantum (decarg) decNumber.samequantum (decarg, decarg)
Returns the decimal number 1 when the exponents of the arguments are equal, or if they are both Infinities or they are both NaNs; in all other cases returns the decimal number 0. This function is used to test whether the exponents of two numbers are equal. The coefficients and signs of the arguments are ignored.
Uses the C library function decNumberSameQuantum()
.
decnum:scaleb
decnum:scaleb (decarg) decNumber.scaleb (decarg, decarg)
This function returns the result of multiplying the first argument by
ten raised to the power of the second argument. It is used to adjust
(scale) the exponent of a number, using the rules of the scaleB
operation in the IEEE 754r proposal. The second argument must be an
integer (that is, it must have an exponent of 0) and it must also be
in the range -n
through +n
, where n
is
2 * (context.emax + context.digits)
.
Uses the C library function decNumberScaleB()
.
decnum:shift
decnum:shift (decarg) decNumber.shift (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the first argument with the digits of its coefficient shifted to the left (if the second argument is positive) or to the right (if the second argument is negative) without adjusting the exponent or the sign.
The coefficient is padded with zeros on the left or right, as necessary. Any leading zeros in the result are ignored, as usual.
The second argument is the count of digits to shift; it must be an
integer (that is, it must have an exponent of 0) and must be in the
range -digits
through +digits
in the current context.
Uses the C library function decNumberShift()
.
decnum:squareroot
decnum:squareroot () decNumber.squareroot (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the square root of its argument, rounded if necessary using the digits setting in the decimal context and using the round-half-even rounding algorithm.
Uses the C library function decNumberSquareRoot()
.
decnum:subtract
decnum:subtract (decarg) decnum:__sub (decarg) decNumber.subtract (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the left (1st) argument minus the right (2nd) argument.
Note that by binding the method __sub
to this function, the Lua
subtraction operator (-
) may be used with a decnum
on the left
and a decarg
on the right.
Uses the C library function decNumberSubtract()
.
decnum:tointegralexact
decnum:tointegralexact () decNumber.tointegralexact (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the argument with any fractional part removed, if necessary, using the rounding mode in the decimal context.
The Inexact
flag is set if the result is numerically different
from the argument. Other than that, no flags are set as long as the
argument is a decnum
(unless the argument is a signaling NaN).
The result may have a positive exponent.
Uses the C library function decNumberToIntegralExact()
.
decnum:tointegralvalue
decnum:tointegralvalue () decNumber.tointegralvalue (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the argument with any fractional part removed, if necessary, using the rounding mode in the decimal context.
No flags, not even Inexact
, are set as long as the
argument is a decnum
(unless the argument is a signaling NaN).
The result may have a positive exponent.
Uses the C library function decNumberToIntegralValue()
.
decnum:trim
decnum:trim () decNumber.trim (decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the argument with any insignificant trailing zeros removed. That is, if the number has any fractional trailing zeros they are removed by dividing the coefficient by the appropriate power of ten and adjusting the exponent accordingly.
Uses the C library function decNumberTrim()
.
decnum:xor
decnum:xor (decarg) decNumber.xor (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the digit-wise logical exclusive or of the arguments. Note that all digits of the arguments must be 0 or 1 or else this operation returns NaN,
Uses the C library function decNumberXor()
.
Comparisons and Predicates
decnum:class
decnum:class () decNumber.class (decarg)
Returns the class of a decNumber. No error is possible. The class is one of the decNumber Classifications.
Uses the C library function decNumberClass()
.
decnum:classasstring
decnum:classasstring () decNumber.classasstring (decarg)
Returns the class of a decNumber as a string. No error is possible. The class is one of ``-Infinity'', ``-Normal'', ``-Subnormal'', ``-Zero'', ``+Zero'', ``+Subnormal'', ``+Normal'', ``+Infinity'', ``NaN'', ``sNaN'', or ``Invalid''
Uses the C library functions decNumberClass()
and
decNumberClassToString()
.
classtostring
decNumber.classtostring (enum)
Converts the Classifications of a decNumber to a string. No error is possible. The class is one of ``-Infinity'', ``-Normal'', ``-Subnormal'', ``-Zero'', ``+Zero'', ``+Subnormal'', ``+Normal'', ``+Infinity'', ``NaN'', ``sNaN'', or ``Invalid''.
Uses the C library function decNumberClassToString()
.
decnum:compare
decnum:compare (decarg) decNumber.compare (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the comparison of its arguments numerically. If the left (1st) argument is less than the right (2nd) argument then the result is -1. If they are equal (that is, when subtracted the result would be 0), then the result is 0. If the left (1st) argument is greater than the right (2nd) argument then the result is 1. If the operands are not comparable (that is, one or both is a NaN) then the result is NaN.
Uses the C library function decNumberCompare()
.
decnum:comparetotal
decnum:comparetotal (decarg) decNumber.comparetotal (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the comparison of its arguments
numerically using the IEEE 754r proposed ordering. The result is the
similar to decnum:compare
above, except that NaN
is never returned.
Also, 1.000 < 1.0
(etc.) and NaNs are ordered by payload.
Uses the C library function decNumberCompareTotal()
.
decnum:comparetotalmag
decnum:comparetotalmag (decarg) decNumber.comparetotalmag (decarg, decarg)
Returns a decimal number that is the comparison of the magnitude of
its arguments using the IEEE 754r proposed ordering. It is identical
to decnum:comparetotal
above except that
the signs of the operands are ignored and taken to be 0 (non-negative).
Uses the C library function decNumberCompareTotalMag()
.
decnum:eq
decnum:eq (decarg) decnum:__eq (decarg) decNumber.eq (<decarg>, <decarg>)
Returns a boolean that is true when the arguments are equal, false otherwise.
Note that by binding the method __eq
to this function, the Lua
equality operators (==
and ~=
) may be used with a decnum
on the left and a decnum
on the right.
Uses the C library functions decNumberCompare()
and
decNumberIsZero()
.
decnum:iscanonical
decnum:iscanonical () decNumber.iscanonical (decarg)
Returns true always, because decNumbers always have canonical
encodings (the function is provided for compatibility with the
IEEE 754r operation isCanonical
). No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsCanonical()
.
decnum:isfinite
decnum:isfinite () decNumber.isfinite (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is finite, false otherwise (that is, the argument is an infinity or a NaN). No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsFinite()
.
decnum:isinfinite
decnum:isinfinite () decNumber.isinfinite (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is infinite, false otherwise. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsInfinite()
.
decnum:isnan
decnum:isnan () decNumber.isnan (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is a NaN (quiet or signaling), false otherwise. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsNaN()
.
decnum:isnegative
decnum:isnegative () decNumber.isnegative (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is is normal (that is, finite, non-zero, and not subnormal), false otherwise. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function C<decNumberIsNegative()>.
decnum:isnormal
decnum:isnormal () decNumber.isnormal (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is negative, false otherwise. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsNormal()
.
decnum:isqnan
decnum:isqnan () decNumber.isqnan (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is a quiet NaN, false otherwise. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsQNaN()
.
decnum:issnan
decnum:issnan () decNumber.issnan (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is a signaling NaN, false otherwise. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsSNaN()
.
decnum:isspecial
decnum:isspecial () decNumber.isspecial (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument has a special
value (Infinity or NaN), false otherwise; it is the inversion of
decnum:isfinite
. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsSpecial()
.
decnum:issubnormal
decnum:issubnormal () decNumber.issubnormal (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is subnormal (that is, finite, non-zero, and not in the range of normal values), false otherwise. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsSubnormal()
.
decnum:iszero
decnum:iszero decNumber.iszero (decarg)
Returns a boolean that is true if the argument is zero, false otherwise. No error is possible.
Uses the C library function decNumberIsZero()
.
decnum:le
decnum:le (decarg) decnum:__le (decarg) decNumber.le (<decarg>, <decarg>)
Returns a boolean that is true when left (1st) argument is less than or equal to the right (2nd) argument, false otherwise.
Note that by binding the method __le
to this function, the Lua
comparison operators (<=
and >=
) may be used with a
decnum
on the left and a decnum
on the right.
Uses the C library functions decNumberCompare()
decNumberIsNegative()
and decNumberIsZero()
.
decnum:lt
decnum:lt (decarg) decnum:__lt (decarg) decNumber.lt (<decarg>, <decarg>)
Returns a boolean that is true when left (1st) argument is less than the right (2nd) argument, false otherwise.
Note that by binding the method __lt
to this function, the Lua
comparison operators (<
and >
) may be used with a
decnum
on the left and a decnum
on the right. Lua also assumes
that a <= b
is equivalent to not (b < a)
which in the
presence of NaNs may or may not be what you want - if not, use
decnum:compare
directly.
Uses the C library functions decNumberCompare()
and
decNumberIsNegative()
.
decnum:radix
decnum:radix () decNumber.radix (decarg)
Returns the radix (number base) used by the decNumber package. This always returns 10. No error is possible..
Uses the C library function decNumberRadix()
.
The following functions operate on random states.
The random number generator in the ldecNumber package is based on a lagged Fibonacci generator (``LFIB4''). George Marsaglia has this to say about LFIB4:
LFIB4 is an extension of what I have previously defined as a lagged Fibonacci generator [...] I have developed the 4-lag generator LFIB4 using addition [...] Its period is 2^31*(2^256-1), about 2^287, and it seems to pass all tests --- in particular, those of the kind for which 2-lag generators using +,-, xor seem to fail.
The ldecNumber package uses LFIB4 to produce a stream of bits in
10-bit chunks. This is convenient for making decimal numbers in
multiples of three decimal digits, and fits with the default setting
of the decNumber compile time parameter DECDPUN
. If you change
DECDPUN
then you may not be able to use the ldecNumber package's
random states without modification to the C code. There is a compile
time setting LDN_ENABLE_RANDOM
that should be defined to 0 to
disable random state features.
The ldecNumber package random state code has been tested with L'Ecuyer and Simard's TestU01 Crush -- see http://www.iro.umontreal.ca/~simardr/testu01/tu01.html
========= Summary results of Crush ========= Version: TestU01-1.1 Generator: Generator dec12 Number of statistics: 144 Total CPU time: 02:55:11.06 All tests were passed
While this confers a great deal of confidence in the quality of the generator, two caveats are in order:
decNumber.randomstate
decNumber.randomstate ([a [, b [, c [, d]]]])
Creates and returns a new random state decrst
. If any arguments
are not supplied, defaults are provided. The arguments a
, b
,
c
, and d
are used as inputs to the random number generator
KISS to initialize the random state.
The random state userdata has one method: __call
. This means that
the random state may be used as a function to return random values.
decrst:__call
decrst([digits [, exponent]])
Returns a new random decimal number. If supplied, digits
is the
number of decimal digits in the new random decimal number; the default
is 12. If supplied, exponent
is the exponent of the new random
decimal number; the default is -digits
so the new random decimal
number is between zero (inclusive) and one (exclusive).
This is ldecNumber version 21.
ldecNumber was developed by Doug Currie, Londonderry, NH, USA.
decNumber was developed by Mike Cowlishaw at IBM.
The ldecNumber distribution includes the C source code of the wrapper itself as a Lua module, a Makefile, examples, test code, and the decNumber source code from IBM. The decNumber code is licensed as follows (see ICU-license.html in the distribution):
COPYRIGHT AND PERMISSION NOTICE
Copyright (c) 1995-2005 International Business Machines Corporation and others All rights reserved.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a
copy of this software and associated documentation files (the
``Software''), to deal in the Software without restriction, including
without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish,
distribute, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons
to whom the Software is furnished to do so, provided that the above
copyright notice(s)
and this permission notice appear in all copies of
the Software and that both the above copyright notice(s)
and this
permission notice appear in supporting documentation.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COPYRIGHT HOLDER OR HOLDERS INCLUDED IN THIS NOTICE BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, OR ANY SPECIAL INDIRECT OR CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, OR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER RESULTING FROM LOSS OF USE, DATA OR PROFITS, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, NEGLIGENCE OR OTHER TORTIOUS ACTION, ARISING OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE USE OR PERFORMANCE OF THIS SOFTWARE.
Except as contained in this notice, the name of a copyright holder shall not be used in advertising or otherwise to promote the sale, use or other dealings in this Software without prior written authorization of the copyright holder.
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
All trademarks and registered trademarks mentioned herein are the property of their respective owners.
The non-IBM Lua decNumber code and documentation are:
* Copyright (c) 2006-7 Doug Currie, Londonderry, NH
and licensed under the same terms as the ICU License, above.


The Office is an American mockumentary sitcom television series that depicts the everyday lives of office employees in the Scranton, Pennsylvania, branch of the fictional Dunder Mifflin Paper Company. It aired on NBC from March 24, 2005, to May 16, 2013, lasting a total of nine seasons.[1] It is an adaptation of the 2001-2003 BBC series of the same name, being adapted for American television by Greg Daniels.
The series debuted on NBC as a mid-season replacement and aired 201 episodes over the course of its run. The Office originally featured Steve Carell, Rainn Wilson, John Krasinski, Jenna Fischer, and B. J. Novak as the main cast; however, the series experienced numerous changes to its ensemble cast during its run. Notable stars outside the original main cast include Ed Helms, Mindy Kaling, Craig Robinson, James Spader, Ellie Kemper, and Catherine Tate.
The Office is known for its eccentric characters and hilarious interactions. These characters are often overexaggerated for comedic effect. However, consider whether these characters would be likeable in the real world. Pick one character and analyze their personality, actions, and behaviors. Are they psychopaths? Or are they just slightly exaggerated versions of real people you might meet in the office?
Essay must be written in MLA format. 12 pt font, double spaced.


Bumblebee (Transformers)
Bumblebee was a young Autobot scout, who fought during the
Cybertronian War alongside his "brother in arms", Hot Rod. During the war for Cybertron,
Bumblebee was friends with the Autobot Diabla, at one point battling alongside her in the
smelting pools of Polyhex. Unbeknownst to Bumblebee, Diabla was a Decepticon mole who had
infiltrated the Autobots to destabilize them from within; when Diabla's treachery was revealed,
Bumblebee maintained that Diabla had always been an Autobot, albeit one who had gone bad and
joined the Decepticons. At some point, Bumblebee went through a rebellious phase, which Optimus
would recall. After the AllSpark left Cybertron, the Autobots left their home to search for it.


"Inspired to deliver high quality services and tools for allowing people to become accountable of
an accessible healthcare through patient centered design and efficient implementation."
I am currently graduating in Bachelor of Biomedical Systems Engineering at the Faculty of Engineering
of the National Autonomous University of Mexico with specialty in biomechanics. I have participated in
multidisciplinary and international teams and am always up for new challenges. I am certifying
as a Black Belt in Lean Six Sigma methodology and I am very interested on medical technology and eHealth entrepreneurship.
Keep scrolling to know more about my career or download my CV in PDF.
First three weeks learning activities in the main engineering departments including Biomedical Engineering Department, Biomechanics Laboratory and Movement Analysis Lab. In the latter I am worked on a study to develop a rehabilitation tool for patients suffering from Spinal Chord Injury, with basis on kayaking training in VR . I documented previous findings in muscle activation and ranges of motion in order to measure healthy individuals performing kayak paddling. I characterized the motor gesture using the collected data and analysed it by using specialized biomechanics software.
Impacted the way in wich students and professors experience their academic lives through the Apple Education initiatives. I mainly organized basic coding workshops for App Development and Prototyping at my University and once as an auditor in the Engineering Week at Universidad Anahuac. I organized engament activities that helped my community learning easy ways in wich they could express their ideas and design their projects with their devices. I supported professors from different backgrounds in the use of technologies innovating in collaboration activities, also by helping them certifying as an Apple Teacher. I organized the event "iOS Lab Day" in collaboration with UNAM's iOS Dev Lab at the end of the semester and supported other events. I participated with AST (Apple Support Team) Sales in Official Reseller department stores showing great performance
As an engineer I enjoy at most designing and prototyping; I am keen on project management too. After graduating I want to specialize in clinical engineering and medical techinology delivery.
In my free time I enjoy swimming and running at most and attending to classes of dances of the world; I have presented in theathers several times. I am a novice photographer, my favourite topics are social and landscapes. I also enjoy reading books from several genders
I love participating as volunteer in social events, specially for dissemination of science and University's conferences, as well as collection campaigns.


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Scene I
London. A street.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Enter MISTRESS QUICKLY, FANG and his Boy with her,
and SNARE following.
Master Fang, have you entered the action?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Where's your yeoman? Is't a lusty yeoman? will a'
stand to 't?
FANG
Sirrah, where's Snare?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
O Lord, ay! good Master Snare.
FANG
Snare, we must arrest Sir John Falstaff.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Yea, good Master Snare; I have entered him and all.
SNARE
It may chance cost some of us our lives, for he will stab.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Alas the day! take heed of him; he stabbed me in
mine own house, and that most beastly: in good
faith, he cares not what mischief he does. If his
weapon be out: he will foin like any devil; he will
spare neither man, woman, nor child.
FANG
If I can close with him, I care not for his thrust.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
No, nor I neither: I'll be at your elbow.
FANG
An I but fist him once; an a' come but within my vice,--
MISTRESS QUICKLY
I am undone by his going; I warrant you, he's an
infinitive thing upon my score. Good Master Fang,
hold him sure: good Master Snare, let him not
'scape. A' comes continuantly to Pie-corner--saving
your manhoods--to buy a saddle; and he is indited to
dinner to the Lubber's-head in Lumbert street, to
Master Smooth's the silkman: I pray ye, since my
exion is entered and my case so openly known to the
world, let him be brought in to his answer. A
hundred mark is a long one for a poor lone woman to
bear: and I have borne, and borne, and borne, and
have been fubbed off, and fubbed off, and fubbed
off, from this day to that day, that it is a shame
to be thought on.  Yonder he
comes; and that errant malmsey-nose knave, Bardolph,
with him.
[Enter FALSTAFF, Page, and BARDOLPH]
FALSTAFF
How now! whose mare's dead? what's the matter?
FANG
Sir John, I arrest you at the suit of Mistress Quickly.
FALSTAFF
Away, varlets!
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Throw me in the channel! I'll throw thee in the
channel. Wilt thou? wilt thou? thou bastardly
rogue! Murder, murder! Ah, thou honeysuckle
villain! wilt thou kill God's officers and the
king's? Ah, thou honey-seed rogue! thou art a
honey-seed, a man-queller, and a woman-queller.
FALSTAFF
Keep them off, Bardolph.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Good people, bring a rescue or two. Thou wo't, wo't
thou? Thou wo't, wo't ta? do, do, thou rogue! do,
thou hemp-seed!
FALSTAFF
Away, you scullion! you rampallion! You
fustilarian! I'll tickle your catastrophe.
[Enter the Lord Chief-Justice, and his men]
Lord Chief-Justice
What is the matter? keep the peace here, ho!
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Good my lord, be good to me. I beseech you, stand to me.
Lord Chief-Justice
How now, Sir John! what are you brawling here?
Doth this become your place, your time and business?
You should have been well on your way to York.
Stand from him, fellow: wherefore hang'st upon him?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
O most worshipful lord, an't please your grace, I am
a poor widow of Eastcheap, and he is arrested at my suit.
Lord Chief-Justice
For what sum?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
It is more than for some, my lord; it is for all,
all I have. He hath eaten me out of house and home;
he hath put all my substance into that fat belly of
his: but I will have some of it out again, or I
will ride thee o' nights like the mare.
FALSTAFF
I think I am as like to ride the mare, if I have
any vantage of ground to get up.
Lord Chief-Justice
How comes this, Sir John? Fie! what man of good
temper would endure this tempest of exclamation?

FALSTAFF
What is the gross sum that I owe thee?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Marry, if thou wert an honest man, thyself and the
money too.  Canst thou deny it?  And
didst thou not, when she was gone down stairs,
desire me to be no more so familiarity with such
poor people; saying that ere long they should call
me madam? And didst thou not kiss me and bid me
fetch thee thirty shillings? I put thee now to thy
book-oath: deny it, if thou canst.
FALSTAFF
My lord, this is a poor mad soul; and she says up
and down the town that the eldest son is like you:
she hath been in good case, and the truth is,
poverty hath distracted her. But for these foolish
officers, I beseech you I may have redress against them.
Lord Chief-Justice
Sir John, Sir John, I am well acquainted with your
manner of wrenching the true cause the false way. It
is not a confident brow, nor the throng of words
that come with such more than impudent sauciness
from you, can thrust me from a level consideration:
you have, as it appears to me, practised upon the
easy-yielding spirit of this woman, and made her
serve your uses both in purse and in person.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Yea, in truth, my lord.
Lord Chief-Justice
Pray thee, peace. Pay her the debt you owe her, and
unpay the villany you have done her: the one you
may do with sterling money, and the other with
current repentance.
FALSTAFF
My lord, I will not undergo this sneap without
reply. You call honourable boldness impudent
sauciness: if a man will make courtesy and say
nothing, he is virtuous: no, my lord, my humble
duty remembered, I will not be your suitor. I say
to you, I do desire deliverance from these officers,
being upon hasty employment in the king's affairs.
Lord Chief-Justice
You speak as having power to do wrong: but answer
in the effect of your reputation, and satisfy this
poor woman.
FALSTAFF
Come hither, hostess.
[Enter GOWER]
Lord Chief-Justice
Now, Master Gower, what news?
GOWER
The king, my lord, and Harry Prince of Wales
Are near at hand: the rest the paper tells.
FALSTAFF
As I am a gentleman.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Faith, you said so before.
FALSTAFF
As I am a gentleman. Come, no more words of it.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
By this heavenly ground I tread on, I must be fain
to pawn both my plate and the tapestry of my
dining-chambers.
FALSTAFF
Glasses, glasses is the only drinking: and for thy
walls, a pretty slight drollery, or the story of
the Prodigal, or the German hunting in water-work,
is worth a thousand of these bed-hangings and these
fly-bitten tapestries. Let it be ten pound, if thou
canst. Come, an 'twere not for thy humours, there's
not a better wench in England. Go, wash thy face,
and draw the action. Come, thou must not be in
this humour with me; dost not know me? come, come, I
know thou wast set on to this.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Pray thee, Sir John, let it be but twenty nobles: i'
faith, I am loath to pawn my plate, so God save me,
la!

MISTRESS QUICKLY
Well, you shall have it, though I pawn my gown. I
hope you'll come to supper. You'll pay me all together?
FALSTAFF
Will I live?
[To BARDOLPH]
Go, with her, with her; hook on, hook on.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Will you have Doll Tearsheet meet you at supper?
FALSTAFF
No more words; let's have her.
[Exeunt MISTRESS QUICKLY, BARDOLPH, Officers and Boy]
Lord Chief-Justice
I have heard better news.
FALSTAFF
What's the news, my lord?
Lord Chief-Justice
Where lay the king last night?
GOWER
At Basingstoke, my lord.
FALSTAFF
I hope, my lord, all's well: what is the news, my lord?
Lord Chief-Justice
Come all his forces back?
GOWER
No; fifteen hundred foot, five hundred horse,
Are marched up to my lord of Lancaster,
Against Northumberland and the Archbishop.
FALSTAFF
Comes the king back from Wales, my noble lord?
Lord Chief-Justice
You shall have letters of me presently:
Come, go along with me, good Master Gower.
Lord Chief-Justice
What's the matter?
FALSTAFF
Master Gower, shall I entreat you with me to dinner?
GOWER
I must wait upon my good lord here; I thank you,
good Sir John.
Lord Chief-Justice
Sir John, you loiter here too long, being you are to
take soldiers up in counties as you go.
FALSTAFF
Will you sup with me, Master Gower?

FALSTAFF
Master Gower, if they become me not, he was a fool
that taught them me. This is the right fencing
grace, my lord; tap for tap, and so part fair.

[Exeunt]
Scene II
London. Another street.
PRINCE HENRY
[Enter PRINCE HENRY and POINS]
Before God, I am exceeding weary.
POINS
Is't come to that? I had thought weariness durst not
have attached one of so high blood.
PRINCE HENRY
Faith, it does me; though it discolours the
complexion of my greatness to acknowledge it. Doth
it not show vilely in me to desire small beer?
POINS
Why, a prince should not be so loosely studied as
to remember so weak a composition.
PRINCE HENRY
Belike then my appetite was not princely got; for,
by my troth, I do now remember the poor creature,
small beer. But, indeed, these humble
considerations make me out of love with my
greatness. What a disgrace is it to me to remember
thy name! or to know thy face to-morrow! or to
take note how many pair of silk stockings thou
hast, viz. these, and those that were thy
peach-coloured ones! or to bear the inventory of thy
shirts, as, one for superfluity, and another for
use! But that the tennis-court-keeper knows better
than I; for it is a low ebb of linen with thee when
thou keepest not racket there; as thou hast not done
a great while, because the rest of thy low
countries have made a shift to eat up thy holland:
and God knows, whether those that bawl out the ruins
of thy linen shall inherit his kingdom: but the
midwives say the children are not in the fault;
whereupon the world increases, and kindreds are
mightily strengthened.
 Tell me, how many good
young princes would do so, their fathers being so
sick as yours at this time is?
PRINCE HENRY
Shall I tell thee one thing, Poins?
POINS
Yes, faith; and let it be an excellent good thing.
PRINCE HENRY
It shall serve among wits of no higher breeding than thine.
POINS
Go to; I stand the push of your one thing that you
will tell.
PRINCE HENRY
Marry, I tell thee, it is not meet that I should be
sad, now my father is sick: albeit I could tell
thee, as to one it pleases me, for fault of a
better, to call my friend, I could be sad, and sad
indeed too.
POINS
Very hardly upon such a subject.
PRINCE HENRY
By this hand thou thinkest me as far in the devil's
book as thou and Falstaff for obduracy and
persistency: let the end try the man. But I tell
thee, my heart bleeds inwardly that my father is so
sick: and keeping such vile company as thou art
hath in reason taken from me all ostentation of sorrow.
PRINCE HENRY
What wouldst thou think of me, if I should weep?
POINS
I would think thee a most princely hypocrite.
PRINCE HENRY
It would be every man's thought; and thou art a
blessed fellow to think as every man thinks: never
a man's thought in the world keeps the road-way
better than thine: every man would think me an
hypocrite indeed. And what accites your most
worshipful thought to think so?
POINS
Why, because you have been so lewd and so much
engraffed to Falstaff.
PRINCE HENRY
And to thee.
POINS
By this light, I am well spoke on; I can hear it
with my own ears: the worst that they can say of
me is that I am a second brother and that I am a
proper fellow of my hands; and those two things, I
confess, I cannot help. By the mass, here comes Bardolph.
[Enter BARDOLPH and Page]
PRINCE HENRY
And the boy that I gave Falstaff: a' had him from
me Christian; and look, if the fat villain have not
transformed him ape.
BARDOLPH
God save your grace!
PRINCE HENRY
And yours, most noble Bardolph!
  Is't such a
matter to get a pottle-pot's maidenhead?
Page
A' calls me e'en now, my lord, through a red
lattice, and I could discern no part of his face
from the window: at last I spied his eyes, and
methought he had made two holes in the ale-wife's
new petticoat and so peeped through.
PRINCE HENRY
Has not the boy profited?
BARDOLPH
Away, you whoreson upright rabbit, away!
Page
Away, you rascally Althaea's dream, away!
PRINCE HENRY
Instruct us, boy; what dream, boy?
Page
Marry, my lord, Althaea dreamed she was delivered
of a fire-brand; and therefore I call him her dream.
PRINCE HENRY
A crown's worth of good interpretation: there 'tis,
boy.
POINS
O, that this good blossom could be kept from
cankers! Well, there is sixpence to preserve thee.
BARDOLPH
An you do not make him hanged among you, the
gallows shall have wrong.
PRINCE HENRY
And how doth thy master, Bardolph?
BARDOLPH
Well, my lord. He heard of your grace's coming to
town: there's a letter for you.
POINS
Delivered with good respect. And how doth the
martlemas, your master?
BARDOLPH
In bodily health, sir.
POINS
Marry, the immortal part needs a physician; but
that moves not him: though that be sick, it dies
not.
PRINCE HENRY
I do allow this wen to be as familiar with me as my
dog; and he holds his place; for look you how be writes.
POINS
[Reads] 'John Falstaff, knight,'--every man must
know that, as oft as he has occasion to name
himself: even like those that are kin to the king;
for they never prick their finger but they say,
'There's some of the king's blood spilt.' 'How
comes that?' says he, that takes upon him not to
conceive. The answer is as ready as a borrower's
cap, 'I am the king's poor cousin, sir.'
PRINCE HENRY
Nay, they will be kin to us, or they will fetch it
from Japhet. But to the letter.
POINS
[Reads] 'Sir John Falstaff, knight, to the son of
the king, nearest his father, Harry Prince of
Wales, greeting.' Why, this is a certificate.
POINS
[Reads] 'I will imitate the honourable Romans in
brevity:' he sure means brevity in breath,
short-winded. 'I commend me to thee, I commend
thee, and I leave thee. Be not too familiar with
Poins; for he misuses thy favours so much, that he
swears thou art to marry his sister Nell. Repent
at idle times as thou mayest; and so, farewell.
Thine, by yea and no, which is as much as to
say, as thou usest him, JACK FALSTAFF with my
familiars, JOHN with my brothers and sisters,
and SIR JOHN with all Europe.'
My lord, I'll steep this letter in sack and make him eat it.
PRINCE HENRY
That's to make him eat twenty of his words. But do
you use me thus, Ned? must I marry your sister?
POINS
God send the wench no worse fortune! But I never said so.
PRINCE HENRY
Well, thus we play the fools with the time, and the
spirits of the wise sit in the clouds and mock us.
Is your master here in London?
PRINCE HENRY
Where sups he? doth the old boar feed in the old frank?
BARDOLPH
At the old place, my lord, in Eastcheap.
PRINCE HENRY
What company?
Page
Ephesians, my lord, of the old church.
PRINCE HENRY
Sup any women with him?
Page
None, my lord, but old Mistress Quickly and
Mistress Doll Tearsheet.
PRINCE HENRY
What pagan may that be?
Page
A proper gentlewoman, sir, and a kinswoman of my master's.
PRINCE HENRY
Even such kin as the parish heifers are to the town
bull. Shall we steal upon them, Ned, at supper?
POINS
I am your shadow, my lord; I'll follow you.

BARDOLPH
I have no tongue, sir.
Page
And for mine, sir, I will govern it.
PRINCE HENRY
Fare you well; go.
[Exeunt BARDOLPH and Page]
This Doll Tearsheet should be some road.
POINS
I warrant you, as common as the way between Saint
Alban's and London.
PRINCE HENRY
How might we see Falstaff bestow himself to-night
in his true colours, and not ourselves be seen?
POINS
Put on two leathern jerkins and aprons, and wait
upon him at his table as drawers.
PRINCE HENRY
From a God to a bull? a heavy decension! it was
Jove's case. From a prince to a prentice? a low
transformation! that shall be mine; for in every
thing the purpose must weigh with the folly.
Follow me, Ned.
[Exeunt]
Scene IV
London. The Boar's-head Tavern in Eastcheap.
First Drawer
[Enter two Drawers]
What the devil hast thou brought there? apple-johns?
thou knowest Sir John cannot endure an apple-john.
Second Drawer
Mass, thou sayest true. The prince once set a dish
of apple-johns before him, and told him there were
five more Sir Johns, and, putting off his hat, said
'I will now take my leave of these six dry, round,
old, withered knights.' It angered him to the
heart: but he hath forgot that.
First Drawer
Why, then, cover, and set them down: and see if
thou canst find out Sneak's noise; Mistress
Tearsheet would fain hear some music. Dispatch: the
room where they supped is too hot; they'll come in straight.
Second Drawer
Sirrah, here will be the prince and Master Poins
anon; and they will put on two of our jerkins and
aprons; and Sir John must not know of it: Bardolph
hath brought word.
First Drawer
By the mass, here will be old Utis: it will be an
excellent stratagem.
Second Drawer
I'll see if I can find out Sneak.
[Exit]
[Enter MISTRESS QUICKLY and DOLL TEARSHEET]
MISTRESS QUICKLY
I' faith, sweetheart, methinks now you are in an
excellent good temperality: your pulsidge beats as
extraordinarily as heart would desire; and your
colour, I warrant you, is as red as any rose, in good
truth, la! But, i' faith, you have drunk too much
canaries; and that's a marvellous searching wine,
and it perfumes the blood ere one can say 'What's
this?' How do you now?
DOLL TEARSHEET
Better than I was: hem!
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Why, that's well said; a good heart's worth gold.
Lo, here comes Sir John.
[Enter FALSTAFF]
FALSTAFF
[Singing] 'When Arthur first in court,'
--Empty the jordan.
[Exit First Drawer]
[Singing]
--'And was a worthy king.' How now, Mistress Doll!
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Sick of a calm; yea, good faith.
FALSTAFF
So is all her sect; an they be once in a calm, they are sick.
DOLL TEARSHEET
You muddy rascal, is that all the comfort you give me?

DOLL TEARSHEET
I make them! gluttony and diseases make them; I
make them not.
FALSTAFF
If the cook help to make the gluttony, you help to
make the diseases, Doll: we catch of you, Doll, we
catch of you; grant that, my poor virtue grant that.
DOLL TEARSHEET
Yea, joy, our chains and our jewels.

MISTRESS QUICKLY
By my troth, this is the old fashion; you two never
meet but you fall to some discord: you are both,
i' good truth, as rheumatic as two dry toasts; you
cannot one bear with another's confirmities. What
the good-year! one must bear, and that must be
you: you are the weaker vessel, as they say, the
emptier vessel.
DOLL TEARSHEET
Can a weak empty vessel bear such a huge full
hogshead? there's a whole merchant's venture of
Bourdeaux stuff in him; you have not seen a hulk
better stuffed in the hold. Come, I'll be friends
with thee, Jack: thou art going to the wars; and
whether I shall ever see thee again or no, there is
nobody cares.
[Re-enter First Drawer]
First Drawer
Sir, Ancient Pistol's below, and would speak with
you.
DOLL TEARSHEET
Hang him, swaggering rascal! let him not come
hither: it is the foul-mouthed'st rogue in England.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
If he swagger, let him not come here: no, by my
faith; I must live among my neighbours: I'll no
swaggerers: I am in good name and fame with the
very best: shut the door; there comes no swaggerers
here: I have not lived all this while, to have
swaggering now: shut the door, I pray you.
FALSTAFF
Dost thou hear, hostess?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Pray ye, pacify yourself, Sir John: there comes no
swaggerers here.
FALSTAFF
Dost thou hear? it is mine ancient.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Tilly-fally, Sir John, ne'er tell me: your ancient
swaggerer comes not in my doors. I was before Master
Tisick, the debuty, t'other day; and, as he said to
me, 'twas no longer ago than Wednesday last, 'I'
good faith, neighbour Quickly,' says he; Master
Dumbe, our minister, was by then; 'neighbour
Quickly,' says he, 'receive those that are civil;
for,' said he, 'you are in an ill name:' now a'
said so, I can tell whereupon; 'for,' says he, 'you
are an honest woman, and well thought on; therefore
take heed what guests you receive: receive,' says
he, 'no swaggering companions.' There comes none
here: you would bless you to hear what he said:
no, I'll no swaggerers.
FALSTAFF
He's no swaggerer, hostess; a tame cheater, i'
faith; you may stroke him as gently as a puppy
greyhound: he'll not swagger with a Barbary hen, if
her feathers turn back in any show of resistance.
Call him up, drawer.
[Exit First Drawer]
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Cheater, call you him? I will bar no honest man my
house, nor no cheater: but I do not love
swaggering, by my troth; I am the worse, when one
says swagger: feel, masters, how I shake; look you,
I warrant you.
DOLL TEARSHEET
So you do, hostess.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Do I? yea, in very truth, do I, an 'twere an aspen
leaf: I cannot abide swaggerers.
[Enter PISTOL, BARDOLPH, and Page]
PISTOL
God save you, Sir John!
FALSTAFF
Welcome, Ancient Pistol. Here, Pistol, I charge
you with a cup of sack: do you discharge upon mine hostess.
PISTOL
I will discharge upon her, Sir John, with two bullets.

MISTRESS QUICKLY
Come, I'll drink no proofs nor no bullets: I'll
drink no more than will do me good, for no man's
pleasure, I.
PISTOL
Then to you, Mistress Dorothy; I will charge you.
DOLL TEARSHEET
Charge me! I scorn you, scurvy companion. What!
you poor, base, rascally, cheating, lack-linen
mate! Away, you mouldy rogue, away! I am meat for
your master.
PISTOL
I know you, Mistress Dorothy.
  Since when, I pray you, sir? God's
light, with two points on your shoulder? much!
PISTOL
God let me not live, but I will murder your ruff for this.
FALSTAFF
No more, Pistol; I would not have you go off here:
discharge yourself of our company, Pistol.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
No, Good Captain Pistol; not here, sweet captain.
DOLL TEARSHEET
Captain! thou abominable damned cheater, art thou
not ashamed to be called captain? An captains were
of my mind, they would truncheon you out, for
taking their names upon you before you have earned
them.  He a
captain! hang him, rogue! he lives upon mouldy
stewed prunes and dried cakes. A captain! God's
light, these villains will make the word as odious
as the word 'occupy;' which was an excellent good
word before it was ill sorted: therefore captains
had need look to 't.
BARDOLPH
Pray thee, go down, good ancient.
FALSTAFF
Hark thee hither, Mistress Doll.
PISTOL
Not I I tell thee what, Corporal Bardolph, I could
tear her: I'll be revenged of her.
PISTOL
I'll see her damned first; to Pluto's damned lake,
by this hand, to the infernal deep, with Erebus and
tortures vile also. Hold hook and line, say I.
Down, down, dogs! down, faitors! Have we not
Hiren here?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Good Captain Peesel, be quiet; 'tis very late, i'
faith: I beseek you now, aggravate your choler.
PISTOL
These be good humours, indeed! Shall pack-horses
And hollow pamper'd jades of Asia,
Which cannot go but thirty mile a-day,
Compare with Caesars, and with Cannibals,
And Trojan Greeks? nay, rather damn them with
King Cerberus; and let the welkin roar.
Shall we fall foul for toys?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
By my troth, captain, these are very bitter words.
BARDOLPH
Be gone, good ancient: this will grow to abrawl anon.
PISTOL
Die men like dogs! give crowns like pins! Have we
not Heren here?
MISTRESS QUICKLY
O' my word, captain, there's none such here. What
the good-year! do you think I would deny her? For
God's sake, be quiet.
PISTOL
Then feed, and be fat, my fair Calipolis.
Come, give's some sack.
'Si fortune me tormente, sperato me contento.'
Fear we broadsides? no, let the fiend give fire:
Give me some sack: and, sweetheart, lie thou there.
[Laying down his sword]
Come we to full points here; and are etceteras nothing?
FALSTAFF
Pistol, I would be quiet.
PISTOL
Sweet knight, I kiss thy neaf: what! we have seen
the seven stars.
DOLL TEARSHEET
For God's sake, thrust him down stairs: I cannot
endure such a fustian rascal.
PISTOL
Thrust him down stairs! know we not Galloway nags?

BARDOLPH
Come, get you down stairs.
PISTOL
What! shall we have incision? shall we imbrue?
[Snatching up his sword]
Then death rock me asleep, abridge my doleful days!
Why, then, let grievous, ghastly, gaping wounds
Untwine the Sisters Three! Come, Atropos, I say!
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Here's goodly stuff toward!
FALSTAFF
Give me my rapier, boy.
DOLL TEARSHEET
I pray thee, Jack, I pray thee, do not draw.

[Drawing, and driving PISTOL out]
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Here's a goodly tumult! I'll forswear keeping
house, afore I'll be in these tirrits and frights.
So; murder, I warrant now.
[Exeunt PISTOL and BARDOLPH]
DOLL TEARSHEET
I pray thee, Jack, be quiet; the rascal's gone.

MISTRESS QUICKLY
He you not hurt i' the groin? methought a' made a
shrewd thrust at your belly.

BARDOLPH
Yea, sir. The rascal's drunk: you have hurt him,
sir, i' the shoulder.
FALSTAFF
A rascal! to brave me!

FALSTAFF
A rascally slave! I will toss the rogue in a blanket.
DOLL TEARSHEET
Do, an thou darest for thy heart: an thou dost,
I'll canvass thee between a pair of sheets.
[Enter Music]
Page
The music is come, sir.
FALSTAFF
Let them play. Play, sirs. Sit on my knee, Doll.
A rascal bragging slave! the rogue fled from me
like quicksilver.
DOLL TEARSHEET
I' faith, and thou followedst him like a church.
Thou whoreson little tidy Bartholomew boar-pig,
when wilt thou leave fighting o' days and foining
o' nights, and begin to patch up thine old body for heaven?
[Enter, behind, PRINCE HENRY and POINS, disguised]
FALSTAFF
Peace, good Doll! do not speak like a death's-head;
do not bid me remember mine end.
DOLL TEARSHEET
Sirrah, what humour's the prince of?
FALSTAFF
A good shallow young fellow: a' would have made a
good pantler, a' would ha' chipp'd bread well.
DOLL TEARSHEET
They say Poins has a good wit.
FALSTAFF
He a good wit? hang him, baboon! his wit's as thick
as Tewksbury mustard; there's no more conceit in him
than is in a mallet.
DOLL TEARSHEET
Why does the prince love him so, then?
FALSTAFF
Because their legs are both of a bigness, and a'
plays at quoits well, and eats conger and fennel,
and drinks off candles' ends for flap-dragons, and
rides the wild-mare with the boys, and jumps upon
joined-stools, and swears with a good grace, and
wears his boots very smooth, like unto the sign of
the leg, and breeds no bate with telling of discreet
stories; and such other gambol faculties a' has,
that show a weak mind and an able body, for the
which the prince admits him: for the prince himself
is such another; the weight of a hair will turn the
scales between their avoirdupois.
PRINCE HENRY
Would not this nave of a wheel have his ears cut off?

PRINCE HENRY
Look, whether the withered elder hath not his poll
clawed like a parrot.
POINS
Is it not strange that desire should so many years
outlive performance?
PRINCE HENRY
Saturn and Venus this year in conjunction! what
says the almanac to that?
POINS
And look, whether the fiery Trigon, his man, be not
lisping to his master's old tables, his note-book,
his counsel-keeper.
FALSTAFF
Thou dost give me flattering busses.
DOLL TEARSHEET
By my troth, I kiss thee with a most constant heart.
FALSTAFF
I am old, I am old.
DOLL TEARSHEET
I love thee better than I love e'er a scurvy young
boy of them all.
FALSTAFF
What stuff wilt have a kirtle of? I shall receive
money o' Thursday: shalt have a cap to-morrow. A
merry song, come: it grows late; we'll to bed.
Thou'lt forget me when I am gone.
DOLL TEARSHEET
By my troth, thou'lt set me a-weeping, an thou
sayest so: prove that ever I dress myself handsome
till thy return: well, harken at the end.
FALSTAFF
Some sack, Francis.
PRINCE HENRY
|
| Anon, anon, sir.
 And art not thou
Poins his brother?

FALSTAFF
A better than thou: I am a gentleman; thou art a drawer.

MISTRESS QUICKLY
O, the Lord preserve thy good grace! by my troth,
welcome to London. Now, the Lord bless that sweet
face of thine! O, Jesu, are you come from Wales?
FALSTAFF
Thou whoreson mad compound of majesty, by this light
flesh and corrupt blood, thou art welcome.
 I scorn you.
POINS
My lord, he will drive you out of your revenge and
turn all to a merriment, if you take not the heat.

MISTRESS QUICKLY
God's blessing of your good heart! and so she is,
by my troth.
FALSTAFF
Didst thou hear me?
PRINCE HENRY
Yea, and you knew me, as you did when you ran away
by Gad's-hill: you knew I was at your back, and
spoke it on purpose to try my patience.
FALSTAFF
No, no, no; not so; I did not think thou wast within hearing.
PRINCE HENRY
I shall drive you then to confess the wilful abuse;
and then I know how to handle you.
FALSTAFF
No abuse, Hal, o' mine honour, no abuse.
PRINCE HENRY
Not to dispraise me, and call me pantier and
bread-chipper and I know not what?
FALSTAFF
No abuse, Ned, i' the world; honest Ned, none. I
dispraised him before the wicked, that the wicked
might not fall in love with him; in which doing, I
have done the part of a careful friend and a true
subject, and thy father is to give me thanks for it.
No abuse, Hal: none, Ned, none: no, faith, boys, none.
PRINCE HENRY
See now, whether pure fear and entire cowardice doth
not make thee wrong this virtuous gentlewoman to
close with us? is she of the wicked? is thine
hostess here of the wicked? or is thy boy of the
wicked? or honest Bardolph, whose zeal burns in his
nose, of the wicked?
POINS
Answer, thou dead elm, answer.
 For the boy,
there is a good angel about him; but the devil
outbids him too.
PRINCE HENRY
For the women?
 For the other, I owe her money, and
whether she be damned for that, I know not.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
No, I warrant you.
FALSTAFF
No, I think thou art not; I think thou art quit for
that. Marry, there is another indictment upon thee,
for suffering flesh to be eaten in thy house,
contrary to the law; for the which I think thou wilt howl.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
All victuallers do so; what's a joint of mutton or
two in a whole Lent?
PRINCE HENRY
You, gentlewoman,-
DOLL TEARSHEET
What says your grace?
FALSTAFF
His grace says that which his flesh rebels against.
[Knocking within]
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Who knocks so loud at door? Look to the door there, Francis.
[Enter PETO]
PRINCE HENRY
Peto, how now! what news?
PETO
The king your father is at Westminster:
And there are twenty weak and wearied posts
Come from the north: and, as I came along,
I met and overtook a dozen captains,
Bare-headed, sweating, knocking at the taverns,
And asking every one for Sir John Falstaff.
PRINCE HENRY
By heaven, Poins, I feel me much to blame,
So idly to profane the precious time,
When tempest of commotion, like the south
Borne with black vapour, doth begin to melt
And drop upon our bare unarmed heads.
Give me my sword and cloak. Falstaff, good night.
[Exeunt PRINCE HENRY, POINS, PETO and BARDOLPH]
FALSTAFF
Now comes in the sweetest morsel of the night, and
we must hence and leave it unpicked.
[Knocking within]
More knocking at the door!
[Re-enter BARDOLPH]
How now! what's the matter?

FALSTAFF
[To the Page] Pay the musicians, sirrah. Farewell,
hostess; farewell, Doll. You see, my good wenches,
how men of merit are sought after: the undeserver
may sleep, when the man of action is called on.
Farewell good wenches: if I be not sent away post,
I will see you again ere I go.
DOLL TEARSHEET
I cannot speak; if my heart be not read to burst,--
well, sweet Jack, have a care of thyself.
FALSTAFF
Farewell, farewell.
[Exeunt FALSTAFF and BARDOLPH]
MISTRESS QUICKLY
Well, fare thee well: I have known thee these
twenty-nine years, come peascod-time; but an
honester and truer-hearted man,--well, fare thee well.
BARDOLPH
[Within] Mistress Tearsheet!
MISTRESS QUICKLY
What's the matter?
BARDOLPH
[Within] Good Mistress Tearsheet, come to my master.
MISTRESS QUICKLY
O, run, Doll, run; run, good Doll: come.
[She comes blubbered]
Yea, will you come, Doll?
[Exeunt]


Seven-seat Jeep Compass India launch pushed to 2021
by Staff WriterJeep’s focus for 2020 will be to bring out the heavily updated Compass.
If you’ve been waiting for the seven-seat derivative of the Jeep Compass, your wait just got longer. Originally scheduled for a launch in 2020, the model (codename: Low-D) will only arrive in India in 2021. Jeep will instead focus its efforts on rolling out the heavily updated Compass in 2020. Jeep’s Ranjangaon facility is the mother plant for the right-hand-drive Compass, and the plan is to ready the updated versions for India and export markets by mid-2020. The updated Compass is expected to get major sheet metal changes, a redone cabin and more equipment. In the run up to the upgraded Compass’ arrival, Jeep will introduce BS6 versions of the 2.0-litre diesel and 1.4-litre turbo-petrol engines, and will also introduce more diesel-automatic versions.
The seven-seat Low-D will have much in common with the updated Compass, and as company insiders put it, will not compromise on the ‘Jeep DNA’ and will have genuine off-road ability. You can expect the Low-D to come in at a premium over the five-seat Compass. At present, the Compass range tops off at Rs 26.80-27.60 lakh with the Trailhawk, and it’s safe to assume Low-D prices will start at this price point.
When launched, the Jeep Low-D will take on monocoque-bodied seven-seat SUVs like the Volkswagen Tiguan AllSpace, Skoda Kodiaq and Honda CR-V, along with ladder-frame models like the Ford Endeavour, Mahindra Alturas G4 and Toyota Fortuner.
Further down the road, Jeep will also bring out its own small SUV for India.
Prices are ex-showroom, pan-India


Astute readers will have gathered, not in the Winsletian sense, that I am currently reading And Then There Was No One by Gilbert Adair. (What the cravat is to Pebblehead, and the cape to Tony Buzan, the scarf is to the excellent Mr Adair.) Among the book's many delights is this list of “adjectival ethereality”, words used by Nabokov in Lolita:
Glossy, furry, honey-coloured, honey-hued, honey-brown, leggy, slender, opalescent, russet, tingling, dreamy, biscuity, pearl-gray, hazy, flurry, dimpled, luminous, moist, silky, downy, shimmering, iridescent, gauzy, fragrant, coltish, nacreous, glistening, fuzzy, leafy, shady, rosy, dolorous, burnished, quivering, plumbacious, stippled…


Github-based tool description editor (beta)
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DRAWABLE
new T5.Drawable(view, layer, params);
The draw method is provided for custom drawables. Internal drawables will delegate their drawing to the function that is returned from the various prep* methods of the renderer, however, when building some applications this really isn't suitable and more is required. Thus if required a custom draw method can be implemented to implement the required functionality.
Get the drawable item properties that will be passed to the renderer during the prepare and draw phase


Welcome to Dev Bootcamp's Dog Park!
Use the arrow keys to walk Moki the PomaPoo dog around the dog park!
Adding more features soon!


SEND PM TO STEEM
User:
Password is not stored
Comma Seperated User Names Without The @ Sign Example:
a,b,c,d
For private mesage use '#' in front of a message Example:
# Hello...
This is a browser side app and meant for personal use only.


STATIC PICTURE
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Playground
Y =
x^3
Sin(x)
Example
{{formant? " Change to SubSynth": " Change to Formant Synth" }}
{{xRange/4}}
{{yRange/4}}
{{tiltControl ? "Turn off tilt control":"Turn on tilt control"}}
{{playrate}}


The comparison operators also work on strings. To see if two strings are equal you simply write a boolean expression using the equality operator.
Other comparison operations are useful for putting words in lexicographical order. This is similar to the alphabetical order you would use with a dictionary, except that all the uppercase letters come before all the lowercase letters.
It is probably clear to you that the word apple would be less than (come before) the word banana. After all, a is before b in the alphabet. But what if we consider the words apple and Apple? Are they the same?
It turns out, as you recall from our discussion of variable names, that uppercase and lowercase letters are considered to be different from one another. The way the computer knows they are different is that each character is assigned a unique integer value. “A” is 65, “B” is 66, and “5” is 53. The way you can find out the so-called ordinal value for a given character is to use a character function called ord.
When you compare characters or strings to one another, Python converts the characters into their equivalent ordinal values and compares the integers from left to right. As you can see from the example above, “a” is greater than “A” so “apple” is greater than “Apple”.
Humans commonly ignore capitalization when comparing two words. However, computers do not. A common way to address this issue is to convert strings to a standard format, such as all lowercase, before performing the comparison.
There is also a similar function called chr that converts integers into their character equivalent.
One thing to note in the last two examples is the fact that the space character has an ordinal value (32). Even though you don’t see it, it is an actual character. We sometimes call it a nonprinting character.
Check your understanding
Q-22: Evaluate the following comparison:
"Dog" < "Doghouse"
Q-23: Evaluate the following comparison:
"dog" < "Dog"
Q-24: Evaluate the following comparison:
"dog" < "Doghouse"


Across: 5. Speak about the German and the rest day (6) 8. Exits to the countryside (8) 9. Does Mum have great break here? (7) 10. Challenges Dan and Bob (5) 11. Compulsory rota held back by girl (9) 13. Contestant is owed two pounds at the beginning (8) 14. Careless about girl? (6) 17. Splashed tar may go on show (3) 19. Nothing for doctor but rum... (3) 20. ...Bottle for artist in bistro (6) 23. Salty remix irks Bach! (8) 26. Instrument to sort out a lost bear? (9) 28. Sound of disapproval for topless teacher! (5) 29.  Cure sore rash with basic material (8) 31. Begins making pie in two seconds (6) Down: 1. United James and Edward (6) 2. Rex looked around and took the lead (7) 3. Is autumn the best time to buy this pad? (5-4) 4. Queen makes comeback in Mother's fantasies (6) 5. Usual colours (8) 6. Near Turks Head after dark (5) 7. Star takes chance on seat collapsing (8) 12. Swallowed tea? (3) 15. Tom, the leader, returns after due process of instruction (9) 16. Fish I catch in old pram (8) 18. Pragmatists make up Madrid team, leading by one second (8) 21. Decline every big bribe initially (3) 22. Substance in mud ruined short tuxedo! (7) 24. Pay for coat (6) 25. Flyer wandering north-east? (6) 27. Lure bad king, possibly tyrant! (5)


import com.sleepycat.db.*;
A DbLsn is a log sequence number that is fully encapsulated. The class itself has no methods, other than a default constructor, so there is no way for the user to manipulate its data directly. It is initialized and used by methods in DbLog and DbMpool.


[ ak ]
I am a Front-End Web Developer currently in Washington D.C. working for the American Humane Association. In short my job requires me to create visually appealing web pages or interfaces, creating, editing or modifying templates for various CMS or web dev frameworks and conducting observational user testing, or reviewing designs against usability heuristics.


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Analyze how others like you began on their path to success.


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Add tags to the ground truth list
Choose a threshold on word quality to distinguish a group of tags as ground truth
Each word has a word quality which is computed from your tag weight.
1 means most important and 0 not important at all.
Everything above the selected threshold will be treated as correct and will not be touched.
In the Inspect Words dialog shows the left grid the whole vocabulary and after clicking on
on word - the right one shows all possible replacements. The green words are above the selected
tag quality and the blue words will be replaced at the current similarity value.
Modify minimum degree of similarity for replacements
Choose a value for spelling similarity, above which two tags will be considered the same.
The value displays the similarity from 0 (completely different) to 1 (the same).
Suggested default threshold: 0.70
Current threshold: {{ ctrl.newImportance | number:2}}
Number of ground truth words: {{ctrl.countGroundTruth() | number:0 }}
All Words
Blue: Words considered as ground truth
All pairs of similar words
Red: Accepted ReplacementsClick the bars to set the corresponding threshold.
Suggested default threshold: 0.85
Current threshold: {{ ctrl.newSimilarity | number:2}}
Number of replacements: {{ ctrl.getReplacementCount() }}