Cloud computing holds a lot of promise for delivering services at the right place, right time and right cost. But cloud is not a panacea—there are many models and approaches, and the sheer number of technology choices can be confusing and complex.
When scoping cloud solutions, most organizations face a common set of challenges related to virtual infrastructure limitations, the lack of scale and elasticity in "cloud-in-a-box" solutions, ad hoc cloud implementations with siloed management tools and processes, and lack of security controls. Addressing these challenges requires a hybrid delivery strategy that leverages cloud services as an integral part of your service delivery strategy. Thisintegrated infrastructure approachis the essence of a converged cloud.
The first step is understanding the differences between thevarious approaches to cloud: public, private and hybrid. Many companies adopt a strategy that combines these environments with traditional IT infrastructure to deliver a consistent, standards-based framework that supports heterogeneous infrastructures and delivers a single consumption experience.
McKesson Corp., the nation's largest healthcare provider, has experienced firsthand the benefits of a cloud-based delivery system, including 84-fold faster server provisioning of development environments and projected TCO savings in the millions.
"We can provision a typical development environment in 15 to 30 minutes now using templates for servers, storage and networking," says Merritte Stidson, director of McKesson's Development Center Strategy and Operations.
At the foundation of converged cloud is a services-oriented infrastructure platform designed to help you manage on-premises and cloud resources through the same shared services catalog. Read on to learn more about howconverged infrastructurecan help you integrate servers, storage, networking, security and power and cooling into shared pools of interoperable resources.
It's time for some straight talk on cloud computing. Download this guide to learn how to separate cloud myths from business reality.View now
Download this technical document to learn how to build and operate your own Server Hosted Virtual Desktop Infrastructure.View now
In this white paper, discover how one organization utilized an advanced virtual solution to build a private cloud, enabling them to rapidly access data in a cost-effective manner.
With this resource, garner a more complete understanding of what "tier-1" storage means, according to ESG, to be better prepared for the next-generation of data centers.
Read this resource for a thorough comparison of four HP 3PAR storage implementations to better gage the efficiency over legacy storage systems.


People.Search
You can look for all public Google+ profiles that match a certain keyword:
people, err := p.People.Search("Larry").Do()
Again, the user doesn't have to authorize your application to search for people. Your app simply specifies the query and your API key.
Example
-
{{range .people}}
-
{{.DisplayName | html}}
{{end}}
Couldn't find anyone matching {{.query | html}}
.
Enter a query to find people.
{{end}}


| MPI_COMM_TEST_INTER(comm, flag) | |
| IN comm | communicator (handle) |
| OUT flag | (logical) |
int MPI_Comm_test_inter(MPI_Comm comm, int *flag)
MPI_Comm_test_inter(comm, flag, ierror)
TYPE(MPI_Comm), INTENT(IN) :: comm
LOGICAL, INTENT(OUT) :: flag
INTEGER, OPTIONAL, INTENT(OUT) :: ierror
MPI_COMM_TEST_INTER(COMM, FLAG, IERROR)
INTEGER COMM, IERROR
LOGICAL FLAG
This local routine allows the calling process to determine if a communicator is an inter-communicator or an intra-communicator. It returns true if it is an inter-communicator, otherwise false.
When an inter-communicator is used as an input argument to the communicator accessors described above under intra-communication, the following table describes behavior.
| MPI_COMM_SIZE | returns the size of the local group. |
| MPI_COMM_GROUP | returns the local group. |
| MPI_COMM_RANK | returns the rank in the local group |
Furthermore, the operation MPI_COMM_COMPARE is valid for inter-communicators. Both communicators must be either intra- or inter-communicators, or else MPI_UNEQUAL results. Both corresponding local and remote groups must compare correctly to get the results MPI_CONGRUENT or MPI_SIMILAR. In particular, it is possible for MPI_SIMILAR to result because either the local or remote groups were similar but not identical.
The following accessors provide consistent access to the remote group of an inter-communicator. The following are all local operations.
| MPI_COMM_REMOTE_SIZE(comm, size) | |
| IN comm | inter-communicator (handle) |
| OUT size | number of processes in the remote group of comm (integer) |
int MPI_Comm_remote_size(MPI_Comm comm, int *size)
MPI_Comm_remote_size(comm, size, ierror)
TYPE(MPI_Comm), INTENT(IN) :: comm
INTEGER, INTENT(OUT) :: size
INTEGER, OPTIONAL, INTENT(OUT) :: ierror
MPI_COMM_REMOTE_SIZE(COMM, SIZE, IERROR)
INTEGER COMM, SIZE, IERROR
| MPI_COMM_REMOTE_GROUP(comm, group) | |
| IN comm | inter-communicator (handle) |
| OUT group | remote group corresponding to comm (handle) |
int MPI_Comm_remote_group(MPI_Comm comm, MPI_Group *group)
MPI_Comm_remote_group(comm, group, ierror)
TYPE(MPI_Comm), INTENT(IN) :: comm
TYPE(MPI_Group), INTENT(OUT) :: group
INTEGER, OPTIONAL, INTENT(OUT) :: ierror
MPI_COMM_REMOTE_GROUP(COMM, GROUP, IERROR)
INTEGER COMM, GROUP, IERROR
Rationale.
Symmetric access to both the local and remote groups of an inter-communicator
is important, so this function, as well as MPI_COMM_REMOTE_SIZE have
been provided.
( End of rationale.)


However, the Bobcats are currently 14-10 overall and 8-7 in the MAC, where they sit in sixth place — barely in a position to qualify for the MAC Tournament.
Ohio has grappled with several issues this season that have hurt its record and performance. There are two main reasons for these struggles, and Ohio’s play on the court is not one of them.
First, the Bobcats have dealt with numerous schedule changes. Their first three conference games in late December and early January were postponed. This led to the rest of their schedule being rearranged and Monday games being added to make up for lost time.
The schedule shuffling resulted in the Bobcats playing eight games in the final three weeks of the regular season, an already laborious task made more difficult by Ohio’s second issue this season: sporadic and long-term absences.
Long-term absences began to affect Ohio before the season tipped off, as Caitlyn Kroll, Peyton Guice and Jasmine Hale — who were major parts of Ohio’s rotation during the 2020-21 season — have not had an on-court presence this year. The trio averaged a combined 62 minutes a game and were helpful in taking some of the load off Cece Hooks and Erica Johnson last season but haven’t played a minute since then.
The loss of Kroll in particular was devastating. She averaged more than 32 minutes per game in 2020-21 and played an important role as a ball-handler.
Ohio was already down three rotation players at the beginning of the season, but things only worsened from there. Ella Pope and Abby Garnett, the players meant to fill Kroll’s void, were lost as well after a few weeks of play. Garnett appeared in the Bobcat’s first two games of the season and Pope the first five, but neither has seen the floor since.
So, there Ohio sat, just three weeks into the season, with a rotation of just six players — one of whom being a freshman. Yaya Felder was thrust into the spotlight, even though she had just begun her time at Ohio.
For the rest of Ohio’s nonconference schedule, the six-player rotation of Hooks, Johnson, Felder, Gabby Burris, Kaylee Bambule and Madi Mace played the vast majority of Ohio’s minutes.
Then, the postponements came into play. The Bobcats began to struggle with having enough players to field a team under the new MAC guidelines during and after winter break. This resulted in several postponements early in their conference schedule.
But the absences didn’t stop there.
Johnson missed their first conference game of the season, a loss to Northern Illinois on Jan. 8. She later missed Ohio’s Feb. 14 win over Eastern Michigan due to injury. Hooks missed a game that same week, too. She missed Ohio’s loss to Western Michigan on Feb. 12 after sustaining a head injury in the previous game.
Burris missed the loss to Northern Illinois on Feb. 6. Bambule also missed that game as part of her two-game span of absences in early February. Both her and Burris’ absences were due to COVID-19 protocols.
With that, the only two players who have played in every game for Ohio this season are Felder and Mace, both underclassmen with limited collegiate experience. Ohio coach Bob Boldon has had to lean on his younger players all season, as he has dealt with constant changes to his starting lineup and rotations.
When looking at this Ohio season, the struggles Ohio has gone through cannot be ignored. The Bobcats have had to pick up the pieces on multiple occasions, and now, it is in the position to qualify for the MAC Tournament.
And if the Bobcats can get to that stage of the season with their usual six-player rotation intact, they will be a better team because of what they have overcome — and a team that no one wants to face in a single elimination tournament.


Pickadate.js is a mobile-friendly, responsive, and lightweight jQuery date & time input picker.
Pick-A-Time Picker
Bootstrap DateRange Picker
The Date Range Picker is attached to a text input. It will use the current value of the input to initialize, and update the input if new dates are chosen.
The Date Range Picker can also be used to select times. Hour, minute and (optional) second dropdowns are added below the calendars. An option exists to set the increment count of the minutes dropdown to e.g. offer only 15-minute or 30-minute increments.
Use 24-hour instead of 12-hour times, removing the AM/PM selection. Show seconds in the timePicker
The Date Range Picker can be turned into a single date picker widget with only one calendar. In this example, dropdowns to select a month and year have also been enabled at the top of the calendar to quickly jump to different months.
Hide the apply and cancel buttons, and automatically apply a new date range as soon as two dates or a predefined range is selected
When enabled, the two calendars displayed will always be for two sequential months (i.e. January and February), and both will be advanced when clicking the left or right arrows above the calendars. When disabled, the two calendars can be individually advanced and display any month/year.
When enabled, the two calendars displayed will always be for two sequential months (i.e. January and February), and both will be advanced when clicking the left or right arrows above the calendars. When disabled, the two calendars can be individually advanced and display any month/year.
The maximum span between the selected start and end dates
Show year and month select boxes above calendars to jump to a specific month and year
Show localized week numbers at the start of each week on the calendars
Set predefined date ranges the user can select from. Each key is the label for the range, and its value an array with two dates representing the bounds of the range
Normally, if you use the ranges option to specify pre-defined date ranges, calendars for choosing a custom date range are not shown until the user clicks "Custom Range". When this option is set to true, the calendars for choosing a custom date range are always shown instead.
Allows you to provide localized strings for buttons and labels, customize the date display format, and change the first day of week for the calendars.
Whether the picker appears aligned to the left, to the right, or centered under the HTML element it's attached to.
Whether the picker appears below (default) or above the HTML element it's attached to.
CSS class names that will be added to all buttons in the picker.


{% extends 'profile/header.html' %} {% block content %}
{% include 'profile/Navbar.html' %}| Player Team | First Name | Last Name | City | State | Position | username | password | Update | Delete |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| {{ players.team }} | {{ players.first_name}} | {{ players.last_name}} | {{ players.hometown}} | {{ players.homestate}} | {{ players.position}} | {{ players.username}} | {{ players.password}} | Update Player | Delete Player |


The following is a list of OpenSSH features:
The OpenSSH source code is available free to everyone via the Internet. This encourages code reuse and code auditing. Code review ensures the bugs can be found and corrected by anyone. This results in secure code.
Free Licensing
OpenSSH is not covered by any restrictive license. It can be used for any and all purposes, and that explicitly includes commercial use. The license for OpenSSH is included in the distribution. We feel that the world would be better if routers, network appliances, operating systems, and all other network devices had ssh integrated into them.
All components of a restrictive nature (i.e. patents, see ssl) have been removed from the source code; any licensed or patented components are chosen from external libraries (e.g. OpenSSL). The IDEA symmetric cipher is no longer available, since it is patented in many countries. Instead, we recommend people use any of the other ciphers available. (We see no justification for using a patented symmetric cipher, since there are many free ones).
Strong Encryption
OpenSSH supports 3DES, Blowfish, AES and arcfour as encryption algorithms.
These are patent free.
Triple DES is a time proven and well understood cipher
that provides strong encryption.
Blowfish is a fast block cipher invented by Bruce Schneier that
can be used by people that require faster encryption.
AES is the US Federal
Information Processing Standard (FIPS) Advanced Encryption Standard
developed as a replacement for DES. It is a fast block cipher.
Arcfour is a fast stream cipher. It is believed to be compatible
with RC4[TM], a proprietary cipher of RSA Security Inc.
Encryption is started before authentication, and no passwords or other information is transmitted in the clear. Encryption is also used to protect against spoofed packets.
X11 Forwarding
X11 forwarding allows the encryption of remote X windows traffic, so that nobody can snoop on your remote xterms or insert malicious commands. The program automatically sets DISPLAY on the server machine, and forwards any X11 connections over the secure channel. Fake Xauthority information is automatically generated and forwarded to the remote machine; the local client automatically examines incoming X11 connections and replaces the fake authorization data with the real data (never telling the remote machine the real information).
Port Forwarding
Port forwarding allows forwarding of TCP/IP connections to a remote machine over an encrypted channel. Standard Internet applications like POP can be secured with this.
Strong Authentication
Strong authentication protects against several security problems, e.g., IP spoofing, fakes routes, and DNS spoofing. The authentication methods are: .rhosts together with RSA based host authentication, pure RSA authentication, one-time passwords with s/key, and finally authentication using Kerberos.
Agent Forwarding
An authentication agent, running in the user's laptop or local workstation, can be used to hold the user's RSA or DSA authentication keys. OpenSSH automatically forwards the connection to the authentication agent over any connections, and there is no need to store the RSA or DSA authentication keys on any machine in the network (except the user's own local machine). The authentication protocols never reveal the keys; they can only be used to verify that the user's agent has a certain key. Eventually the agent could rely on a smart card to perform all authentication computations.
Interoperability
OpenSSH versions before 2.0 support the SSH 1.3 and SSH 1.5 protocols permitting communication with most UNIX, Windows and other commercial ssh implementations.
As of OpenSSH 2.0, as well as supporting SSH 1.3 protocol and SSH 1.5 protocol, OpenSSH also has support for the SSH 2.0 protocol. This protocol avoids using the RSA algorithm -- since at the time protocol 2.0 was invented the RSA patent was still in effect -- and uses the freely useable DH and DSA algorithms instead.
Thus, OpenSSH gives you the best of both worlds. You can interoperate with both types of ssh clients and servers!
SFTP client and server support in both SSH1 and SSH2 protocols
As of OpenSSH 2.5.0, complete SFTP support is included, using the sftp(1) command as a client. The sftp-server(8) subsystem automatically works in both SSH1 and SSH2 protocol.
Kerberos and AFS Ticket Passing
OpenSSH also passes tickets for Kerberos and AFS on to the remote machine. A user can thus access all his Kerberos and AFS services without the need to type in a password again.
Data Compression
Data compression before encryption improves the performance for slow network links.


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Featured Doctors
The daunting task of picking a doctor.
How to choose they right medical marijuana doctor can be a daunting task.
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Doctors that offer special care options for CBD treatment.
Doctors


Class: NEAT::Evolver
Overview
Evolver – Basis of all evolvers.
All evolvers shall derive from this basic evolver (or this one can be used as is). Here, we'll have many different evolutionary operators that will perform operations on the various critters in the population.
Defined Under Namespace
Classes: CritterOp
Instance Attribute Summary (collapse)
-
- (Object) npop
readonly
Returns the value of attribute npop.
Attributes inherited from NeatOb
Instance Method Summary (collapse)
-
- (Object) evolve(population)
Here we clone the population and then evolve it on the basis of fitness and novelty, etc.
-
- (Object) gen_initial_genes!(genotype)
Generate the initial genes for a given genotype.
-
- (Evolver) initialize(c)
constructor
A new instance of Evolver.
-
- (Object) mutate!(population)
Here we mutate the population.
Methods inherited from NeatOb
Constructor Details
- (Evolver) initialize(c)
Returns a new instance of Evolver
14 15 16 17 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/evolver.rb', line 14 def initialize(c) super @critter_op = CritterOp.new self end |
Instance Attribute Details
- (Object) npop (readonly)
Returns the value of attribute npop
12 13 14 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/evolver.rb', line 12 def npop @npop end |
Instance Method Details
- (Object) evolve(population)
Here we clone the population and then evolve it on the basis of fitness and novelty, etc.
Returns the newly-evolved population.
54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/evolver.rb', line 54 def evolve(population) @npop = population.dclone # Population sorting and evaluation for breeding, mutations, etc. prepare_speciation! prepare_fitness! prepare_novelty! mate! return @npop end |
- (Object) gen_initial_genes!(genotype)
Generate the initial genes for a given genotype. We key genes off their innovation numbers.
21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/evolver.rb', line 21 def gen_initial_genes!(genotype) genotype.genes = {} genotype.neural_inputs.each do |s1, input| genotype.neural_outputs.each do |s2, output| g = Critter::Genotype::Gene[genotype, input, output, NEAT::controller.gaussian] genotype.genes[g.innovation] = g end end end |
- (Object) mutate!(population)
Here we mutate the population.
32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 |
# File 'lib/rubyneat/evolver.rb', line 32 def mutate!(population) @npop = population if @controller.parms.mate_only_prob.nil? or rand > @controller.parms.mate_only_prob log.debug "[[[ Neuron and Gene Giggling!" mutate_perturb_gene_weights! mutate_change_gene_weights! mutate_add_neurons! mutate_change_neurons! mutate_add_genes! mutate_disable_genes! mutate_reenable_genes! log.debug "]]] End Neuron and Gene Giggling!\n" else log.debug "*** Mating only!" end end |


Welcome
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android_res/
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https://
Content
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accept="image/*"
accept="audio/*"
accept="video/*"
accept="*/*"
Video
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Permission
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Capture


Choose a revision for which to upload new firmware. Versions will automatically be incremented.
Revision: 1 2 3 4 5


Model a motorcycle
Monday Jun 15, 2015
Classes in programming represent real world objects. the best place to use a class is when you anticipate repeatedly make a certain object. For example lets image that we want to create a program which creates motorcycle. Assuming that our program already has knowledge of a vehicle class, which covers having wheels and steering and traveling we can focus on the particulars of a motorcycle. our class may look something like this:
class Motorcycle
def initialize(brand, cc, positions)
unless ["Yamaha", "Honda", "Suzuki", "Kawasaki"].include?(brand)
raise ArgumentError.new("#{brand} is not a Japanese Motorcycle manufacturer")
end
unless cc.to_i.between?(50, 2300)
raise ArgumentError.new("#{cc} is not within the range of motorcycle engine size")
end
unless ["upright", "sport", "cruiser"].include?(positions)
raise ArgumentError.new("#{positions} is not a riding style")
end
@brand = brand
@engine = cc
@style = positions
end
def info
if @cc > 600
puts "The motorcycle is a #{@brand}, #{@engine}cc #{@style}. It sounds fast!"
else
puts "The motorcycle is a #{@brand}, #{@engine}cc #{@style}. you must be a beginner."
end
end
my_bike = Motorcycle.new("Yamaha", "850", "upright")
my_bike.info
Although this class current only implentents 2 methods you can theoritically create an infinite number of methods that corrispond to a motorcycle like color or wheel base, if it has saddlebags, etc.. and these methods will be avaliable for every object of class Motorcycle.


--- author: Jesse categories: app date: '2011-12-08 22:25:25' link: http://blogs.nitobi.com/jesse/2011/12/08/new-home-of-the-blog/ permalink: /2011/12/08/new-home-of-the-blog/ slug: new-home-of-the-blog status: publish title: New home of the blog type: post format: html tags: - News ---
All posts have been migrated to my new blog site: RisingJ.com
Please check there for the most up to date posts.
Salut!
Jesse


SARS-CoV-2-host-genes
⬆ Back to Top
BED Table
Domains FASTA
Proteins FASTA
Metadata Table
BED file
Chromosome
Chromosome Start (0 based)
Chromosome End (non-inclusive)
Name
Score
DNA Strand Orientation
Protein Domains FASTA
Protein FASTA
Metadata
Id
Summary
Symbol
Aliases
Description
Other names
Type
Publications
Expression
GO


Software Engineering - 4400
Syllabus
Fall Semester 2020
Insturctor Information
- Instructor's Name: Eric Pogue
- Lewis office location: AS-132-A
- Office Hours: MWF 1-2pm CT by appointment
- Apointments: Appointments can be requested via email
- Lewis Phone Number:<PHONE_NUMBER> (mobile)
- Lewis email address:
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Course Information
- Course: Software Engineering (CPSC-4400-LT1)
- Course Credit Hours: 3
- Courese description:
Methods, strategies, and tools for implementing software systems, particularly as part
of a development team. Topics include the software development life cycle, Unified
Modeling Language, software testing techniques, software security, open-source
development, requirements gathering and documentation, maintenance, and basic
software project management.
Prerequisites: CPSC-24500 Object-Oriented Programming
- Course meeting times:
MWF 12-12:50am CT from August 31 through December 12th
- Meeting location: AS 104A
- Course final: Monday, December 14th
from 1:30 to 3:30pm CT
- Student Learning Outcomes:
- Compare and contrast various software process models
- Be able to elicit and analyze requirements of a proposed application
- Write clear and complete requirements documetns
- identify the events to which the software must respond and document them as a set of use
cases
- identify security issues in a software projects requirements and design
- Identify the events to which the software must respond and document
them as a set of use cases
- identify security issues in a software projects requirements and design
- . use techniques to produce self-documenting code
- use coding strategy to produce secure code
- draw diagrams to model workflows
- develop and use diagrams to model classes and the interaction of classes
- understand and practice unit testing and functional testing
- understand the techniques used to test non-functional requirements such as performance and
security
- develop a project schedule
- Program Student learning outcomes:
- develop programs using languages having different programming paradigms and for a variety of
platforms
- select the most appropriate data structures and algorithms for the given problem
- explain how programming languages are designed and implemented
- Baccalureate Characteristics:
- Essential Skills
- Critical Thinking
Univertisty Mission Statment
- Lewis University, guided by its Catholic and Lasallian heritage, provides to a diverse
student population programs for a liberal and professional education grounded in the
interaction of knowledge and fidelity in the search for truth.
Lewis promotes the development of the complete person through the pursuit of wisdom
and justice. Fundamental to its Mission is a spirit of association, which fosters
community in all teaching, learning and service.
- How this course connects to te University Mission:
This course will allow us to extend our knowledge in software development, provide us
the foundation for lifelong learning in this domain, and provide us the opportunity to
assist each other on our learning journey.
Course Materials
Instruction Mehtods and Activites:
Course Schedule
Grading Criteria and Course Polices
Practices and Policies during the Coronavirus Pandemic
Information for Students


--- layout: 7 ---
Raven has work appearing or forthcoming in over a dozen venues, including Buzzy Mag, The Spirit of Poe, and the British Fantasy Society journal Dark Horizons. James is also CEO of a company, specializing in custom book publishing and social media marketing services, have created a community for authors to learn and connect.
Donut chocolate bar cake gummies sweet tart cookie macaroon caramels. Candy canes bear claw cotton candy tootsie roll danish jelly. Tart topping chocolate bar sweet roll. Jelly beans jelly beans sweet roll. Gummies cupcake dessert sweet roll sesame snaps marshmallow. Topping marzipan candy cheesecake candy cupcake caramels.
Halvah bonbon sweet tart marzipan gingerbread gummi bears chocolate cookie. Carrot cake cheesecake cotton candy cookie. Pie pudding toffee macaroon bear claw jelly beans jujubes brownie croissant. Bonbon brownie lemon drops lemon drops sweet marshmallow liquorice. Tart lemon drops carrot cake. Marzipan gingerbread biscuit gummi bears croissant biscuit.
Pudding croissant cake candy canes fruitcake sweet roll pastry gummies sugar plum. Tart pastry danish soufflé donut bear claw chocolate cake marshmallow chupa chups. Jelly danish gummi bears cake donut powder chocolate cake. Jelly-o caramels cookie marshmallow gingerbread. Sesame snaps lemon drops pie. Bonbon soufflé lollipop biscuit dragée jelly-o. Wafer pastry pudding tiramisu chocolate bar croissant cake. Pie caramels gummies danish.
Wafer pastry pudding tiramisu chocolate bar croissant cake. Pie caramels gummies danish. Pudding croissant cake candy canes fruitcake sweet roll pastry gummies sugar plum. Tart pastry danish soufflé donut bear claw chocolate cake marshmallow chupa chups. Jelly danish gummi bears cake donut powder chocolate cake. Jelly-o caramels cookie marshmallow gingerbread. Sesame snaps lemon drops pie. Bonbon soufflé lollipop biscuit dragée jelly-o.


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Parameters
Type
interfaceType
Specifies the type of item to fake.
Return
object
An newly created fake implementing interfaceType.
Type IFakeAccessor
Namespace Machine.Fakes
Type
interfaceTypeSpecifies the type of item to fake.
object
An newly created fake implementing interfaceType.
TInterfaceType
An newly created fake implementing .
int
amountSpecifies the amount of fakes in the list.
TInterfaceType
An instance implementing .
TInterfaceType
instanceSpecifies the instance to be used for the specification.


This website is going to be developed using technologies like HTML5, CSS3, Boostrap, Angular.js, and Nodejs. MongoDB will be used to store profile information of each user and forms created by him/her..
I am currently a Masters in Computer Science student at Northeastern University, Boston. Areas of my interest include Algorithms, Computer Networks, Web Develoment. I am passionate about Computer Programming and looking forward to work with motivated individuals.


{include file="index@Base/common_left"}
{include file="index@Base/copyright"}
余额充值
{php} echo $bank['file'] {/php}


Some £1,605 has been raised by Nottingham professionals for Operation Orphan.
Property and finance industry guests got into the spirit of Christmas at the annual Property Face2Face Christmas networking event.
And while they tucked into lunch at Alea Casino to the glitz and glamour of a 'Strictly fab u lous' theme with professional dancers kicking off the celebrations, the serious work of fund-raising wasn't forgotten.
An auction and prize draw was held in aid of the local children’s charity.
Operation Orphan helps to improve the quality of life for orphans and vulnerable children with a variety of projects including Forget-Me-Notts, a local referral scheme that helps vulnerable children in families to get the help they need fast by partnering with social services.
A total of 160 people attended the Property Face2Face networking Christmas lunch on Friday, December 6, 2019.
Did you attend the event? Spot yourself in our gallery.
These are some of the 160 people who attended the Property Face2Face Christmas event View gallery


Having more than one type of objects makes it possible to learn more advanced programming concept in a natural way. Here we have a brief look at what is possible to do.
As we have seen, when Reeborg is instructed to take() or put() an object, he can do so with no ambiguity when there is only one type of objects. But what if Reeborg carries two (or more) different types of objects and we ask him to put() one down?
As we can see, doing so causes Reeborg to complain. To have Reeborg accomplish the task properly, we need to specify which type of object using a function argument - in this case, a Python string with the name of the object.
Both take() and put() can take a Python string with the name of an object as an argument. In addition, so can object_here() and carries_object() as can be seen in the example below.
Notice how there are two types of objects (a star and a square) initially at the same location: when this is the case, a question mark is shown instead of an integer representing the number of objects (if greater than one). Information about the exact number of objects at this location could be obtained by clicking on the “World info” button at the very top and then by clicking on the image of the objects at that particular location.
Both object_here() and carries_object() return Python lists, with an empty list being treated as equivalent to False.
In addition to the above functions, a few others in Reeborg’s World can take one or more arguments. For example, we have already seen pause(): when used without an argument, it requires the user to click on the “run” or “step” button for Reeborg to resume its movements. However, we can give it an integer as an argument and it will then only pause for a time equal to the number given … in milliseconds. Thus, to pause for one second, we would write pause(1000).
Another function which we haven’t seen yet is repeat(). In Python, if we want to repeat lines of code a fixed number of times, we typically use a for loop. For example, to turn right, Reeborg must do three consecutive left turns which can be written as:
for i in range(3):
turn_left()
This is not immediately obvious to beginners. The situation is even worse if we use Javascript:
for (var i = 0; i < 3; i++){
turn_left();
}
By contrast, using the mini-language of Guido van Robot (http://gvr.sourceforge.net), the above can simply be written as:
do 3:
turnLeft
Note
A relatively simple implementation of repeat in Python is:
def repeat(fn, n):
for i in range(n):
fn()
The function repeat() was included in Reeborg’s World in an attempt to capture this simplicity. Thus, to do three left turns, one would write:
repeat( turn_left, 3)
To communicate information to the user, Reeborg can use Python’s print() function. The output of this function appears in an html preformatted element, which ensures that line breaks and other spacings are properly reproduced.
There exists another function, narration() which can take as it argument any html code, and will print it accordingly. By default, the output of narration() is coloured blue, but this can be changed by the user familiar with html and css.
In addition to object_here() and carries_object() mentioned above, Reeborg’s World gives plenty of possibilities of working with lists. For example, one could ask Reeborg to move some objects arranged on a grid to a new location, keeping the same grid structure: this could be done with lists of lists.
Below, we illustrate an example where Reeborg must
Note that the world has been designed so that an arbitrary number of weeds (from 0 to 3) and strawberries (1 to 10) can be found at each location; these numbers are randomly chosen each time.
A few things to note about the example shown below:
If you are very observant, you may have noticed that the font used by Reeborg is different than that of previous examples. As I wrote this documentation, I came to realize that the previous font, which looked to me more suitable for a robot, was not very readable for certain characters, like ``{}`` which are important for programming. The search continues for the ideal font…
As we have seen, Reeborg can determine if it is facing North … or not. However, we can help it figure out when it is facing other directions. For example, we know that if Reeborg is facing South, and then makes two left turns, it will be facing North. Two more left turns and Reeborg returns to its original orientation. This suggests the following:
def is_facing_south():
turn_left()
turn_left()
remember = is_facing_north()
turn_left()
turn_left()
return remember
Arguably a bit clumsy, but it works. Something similar can be done to obtain a left_is_clear() function.
We can extend the idea used for the repeat() function and use return in clever ways to do things like:
def do_while(fn, condition):
def until():
while condition():
fn()
return until
walk_to_the_wall = do_while(move, front_is_clear)
walk_to_the_wall()


Different tools for describing and analysing paired comparison data are presented. Main methods are estimation of products scores according Bradley Terry Luce model. A segmentation of the individual could be conducted on the basis of a mixture distribution approach. The number of classes can be tested by the use of Monte Carlo simulations. This package deals also with multi-criteria paired comparison data.
| Version: | 1.0 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.1), methods, utils, MASS, graphics, stats |
| Published: | 2015-07-01 |
| Author: | Michel Semenou |
| Maintainer: | Michel Semenou <michel.semenou at oniris-nantes.fr> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | CompR results |
| Reference manual: | CompR.pdf |
| Package source: | CompR_1.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: CompR_1.0.zip, r-release: CompR_1.0.zip, r-oldrel: CompR_1.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: CompR_1.0.tgz, r-oldrel: CompR_1.0.tgz |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=CompR to link to this page.


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About
I am a recognised leader, educator and expert in interdisciplinary research across the fields of molecular probes, biosensing, biophysical chemistry, imaging and chemical biology.
My strong experience in managing and conducting highly innovative research has earned me the position of the youngest group leader in history at my current Institute and allowed me to attract significant national funding.
I want to further my contributions in unveiling the molecular mysteries of disease by leading my own research group and participating in scientific outreach and policy-making.
Experience
Director
Centre for High-Throughput Screening Studies (Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry PAS and Centre for Advanced Technology)
Coordinating the development and activity of the interdisciplinary research centre composed of 3 laboratories and multiple biological users, shaping research agenda of the Centre, representing the Centre in pan-European EU-OPENSCREEN ERIC consortium (over 20 institutions in 8 countries) and its national branch – POL-OPENSCREEN, co-authoring and coordinating (as work package leader) an international grant (with over 30 partners from 16 countries), managing of infrastructural grant from Polish Ministry of Science and Higher Education (almost 5,000,000 AUD equivalent per 5 years)
Principal Investigator
Department of Molecular Probes and Prodrugs (Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry Polish Academy of Sciences, Poznań, Poland)
Establishing and managing a new research group in biophysical chemistry (e.g. dual-analyte fluorescent probes, bioluminogenic substrates, probes for covalent tagging of proteins in situ and measuring of their local biochemical microenvironment, biochemical and cellular assay development, high throughput screening assays and probes), supervision of 2 postdocs, 2 PhD students, 2 MSc students and 3 undergraduates, writing and management of 3 research grants for a total of over 1.1 million AUD equivalent.
- Independent Consultant
- Location
Some description of responsibilities
- Postgraduate Research Associate
- The University of Sydney, Australia
Some description of responsibilities
Education
- PhD
- ENS Lyon, France
Some description of responsibilities
- PhD
- ENS Lyon, France
Some description of responsibilities
Events
- Do Science (Poznan branch) inaugural career seminar for PhD students and post-docs (AMU Poznan, Poland)
- Sept. 2018
- Do Science career seminar for PhD students and post-docs ((IIMCB, Warsaw, Poland)
- Apr. 2018
- ARS Chemiae lecture for students (AMU Poznan, Poland)
- Apr. 2018
Grants
- OPUS 15 (National Science Centre Poland)
- Principal Investigator, 2019
- H2020-INFRADEV-2018-1 (European Commission – Horizon 2020)
- Co-investigator & work package leader, 2019
- HOMING/2017-4 (Foundation for Polish Science)
- Principal Investigator, 2018, multiGATE project
- SONATA 13 (National Science Centre Poland)
- Principal Investigator, 2018
Conferences
Skills
Languages: English (fluent), Polish (native), French, Russian
Drawing on biology to inspire molecular design: a redox-responsive MRI probe based on Gd(III)-nicotinamide.
M Harris, JL Kolanowski, ES O’Neill, C Henoumont, S Laurent, TN Parac-Vogt, EJ New
Chemical Communications 2018, 54, 12986.A reversible fluorescent probe for monitoring Ag(I) ions.
Z Lim, DG Smith, JL Kolanowski, RL Mattison, JC Knowles, S-Y Baek, W Chrzanowski, EJ New
Journal of the Royal Society Interface 2018, 15, 20180346.Pro-fluorescent mitochondria-targeted real-time responsive redox probes synthesised from carboxy isoindoline nitroxides: Sensitive probes of mitochondrial redox status in cells.
KL Chong, BA Chalmers, JK Cullen, A Kaur, JL Kolanowski, BJ Morrow, K Fairfull-Smith, MJ Lavin, NL Barnett, EJ New, MP Murphy, SE Bottle
Free Radical Biology & Medicine 2018, 128, 97-110.A ratiometric iron probe enables investigation of iron distribution within tumour spheroids.
IJ Carney, JL Kolanowski, Z Lim, B Chekroun, TW Hambley, EJ New
Metallomics, 2018, 10(4), 553-556.A fluorescent probe for investigating metabolic stability of active transplatin analogues.
JL Kolanowski, LJ Dawson, L Mitchell, Z Lim, ME Graziotto, WK Filipek, TW Hambley, EJ New
Sensors and Actuators B: Chemical 2018, 255 (3), 2721-2724.Reviews
Fluorescent probes for the simultaneous detection of multiple analytes in biology.
JL Kolanowski+, F Liu+, EJ New
Chemical Society Reviews 2018, 47, 195-208.Mitochondrially targeted fluorescent redox sensors.
K Yang+, JL Kolanowski+, EJ New
Interface Focus 2017, 7, 20160105Fluorescent probes for the analysis of labile metals in brain cells.
JL Kolanowski, C Shen, EJ New
Neuromethods 2017, 124, Metals in the Brain pp 51-70Selective and reversible approaches towards imaging redox signaling using small molecule probes.
JL Kolanowski, A Kaur, EJ New
Antioxidants & Redox Signalling 2016, April, 713-730Reversible fluorescent probes of biological redox state.
A Kaur, JL Kolanowski, EJ New
Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 2016, 55, 1602-1613Contact
Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry
Polish Academy of Sciences
ul. Noskowskiego 12/14
Poznań, Poland
Email
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Links
Researchgate
Publons


Preparation time
less than 30 mins
Cooking time
no cooking required
Serves
2
To make the dressing, peel the ginger and grate it over a bowl - you should get about a heaped teaspoon.
Using a small whisk (if you have one - otherwise stir with a spoon), combine the lime juice, sugar and olive oil with the ginger.
Season with a little salt and a generous grinding of black pepper. Roughly chop the mint leaves and stir half of them in.
For the salad, peel the melons, cut the flesh in half and scrape out the seeds with a teaspoon. Cut the flesh into chunks.
Peel the cucumber, remove the seeds and cut the flesh into chunks, slightly smaller than those of the melon.
In a bowl, toss the melon and cucumber together with the dressing.
Trim only the toughest stalks fromf the watercress and add it to the melon.
Divide the melon and watercress between two large plates or salad bowls, leaving any extra dressing behind in the bowl.
Season the crabmeat with a little salt and black pepper. Pile the crab on top of the melon and watercress.
Scatter over the remaining mint leaves. Serve straightaway.


Gaborone Weather Update
WEATHER UPDATE
DATE: 07/04/2019
FIVE DAYS FORECAST
#botswanavlogs #indiansinbotswana #Gaborone
It was heavy rain in Gaborone botswana.
Weather forecast was there for heavy rain and it was there but it was an awesome feeling to view this rain. However, it was risky too.
Botswana is facing a problem of increasing number of second hand import cars from Japan, the UK and Singapore therefore the capital city, Gaborone can no longer accommodate the increasing traffic and as a result, the government is now building new interchange roads that will help to solve this problem.
Read more


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This iframe will register a service worker when it loads and then will use
getRegistrations to get a handle to the SW. It will then postMessage to the
SW to retrieve the SW's ID. This iframe will then forward that message up,
eventually, to the test.


Queen Attack?
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a valid attack.


One of my favorite quotes is by Calvin Coolidge: “Nothing in this world can take the place of persistence. Talent will not: nothing is more common than unsuccessful men with talent. Genius will not; unrewarded genius is almost a proverb. Education will not: the world is full of educated derelicts. Persistence and determination alone are omnipotent.” I think there are some things that you won’t ever learn or know without spending a lot of time on it. But these days, there are too many get rich quick schemes that people hope are true. The lure of a shortcut where you don’t have to work hard is too compelling. Why do people work 40 hour weeks when you could instead read the “4 Hour Work Week” for 4 hours and watch Netflix for the other 36 hours?
All of these legendary musicians or artists or CEOs have been extremely resilient. They’ve been through unbelievably difficult times where no one would blame them for giving up. Ben Horowitz said that Zuckerberg was almost kicked off of the board of Facebook many times in the past, and he was a genius and extremely talented and that he barely made it. Every successful person knows how to deal with struggles and has a thick skin to fight through the hard times. It's easy sometimes to only see the effects of their hard work and persistence, and forget about all of the struggles. Don't look at the tip of the iceberg and forget about the gigantic part underwater.
 I’m saying that to become skilled at something, you will always hit roadblocks, and you need to give things a chance sometimes. Or multiple times. And there are things worth going through roadblocks and there are things that aren’t worth it.
This also doesn’t mean that you can’t become successful quick. You just should be willing to put in the time and the effort, and make sure you’re doing things for the right reasons. I strongly believe that even if Facebook or Snapchat didn’t take off quickly as it did, the founders would still be willing to be in the years to their company because they believe in it.
Success comes from working intelligently persistently. Persistence is a quality that is lacking in many people these days. It is rare. People give up all the time now when things get hard. It is even rarer people who persist in intelligent ways. Do not make excuses for giving up. Because nobody cares. Don’t use clichés like “Work smart, not hard” as an excuse to slack off after an hour of work, or school, or whatever else you are doing. These people who have become successful have spent thousands of hours doing meaningful, thoughtful, intelligent work. Stop looking for shortcuts in books or webpages with clickbait titles.
Work hard or work smart? The phrasing of the question almost has the connotation that if you do hard work, you’re a fool. I don’t like the saying “Work smart, not hard” because it sounds like if you can’t find a clever solution to your projects in minimal time, then you’re not working efficiently. That’s not true.  You have to implement sometimes sub-optimal solutions and find where the problems lie and then go back to the whiteboard. It’s a process of coming up with an idea, trying it out, realizing it doesn’t work, then try to come up with a better idea. It’s a tedious process of trial and error, not just of thinking brilliantly of one idea.
Working smart is good. We can all agree on that. But you have to have persistence as well. It’s as bad to work smart with little effort as it is to work unintelligently with much effort. If your obstacle is to get past a wall, trying to headbutt it or tackle it for weeks until it breaks is a bad idea.  Neither person would have accomplished their goal. If you want to do something with your life, you need a mixture of both. Genius comes from both hard work and smart work. Do not discount either.
Be persistent in your passions. Believe in them.


Please take care and watch your fingers while mangling typefaces. When you're done, you can render an SVG of your composition or export a new OTF font file. Note that the stroke isn't (yet) baked into output fonts, so you'll have to add it back in your graphics package.
Commercial fonts usually have licenses that don't allow you to remix them, so please don't! A great source of fonts that have remix-friendly licenses is fonts.google.com.


Iain Banks was a Scottish author. He wrote mainstream fiction under the name Iain Banks and science fiction as Iain M. Banks, including the initial of his adopted middle name Menzie.
After the publication and success of The Wasp Factory (1984), Banks began to write on a full-time basis. His first science fiction book, Consider Phlebas, was released in 1987, marking the start of the Culture series. His books have been adapted for theatre, radio and television. In 2008, The Times named Banks in their list of "The 50 greatest British writers since 1945". In April 2013, Banks announced that he had inoperable cancer and was unlikely to live beyond a year. He died on June 9, 2013.
Banks was born in Dunfermline, Fife, to a mother who was a professional ice skater and a father who was an officer in the Admiralty. An only child, Banks lived in North Queensferry until the age of nine, near the naval dockyards in Rosyth where his father was based. Banks's family then moved to Gourock due to the requirements of his father's work. When someone introduced him to science fiction by giving him Kemlo and the Zones of Silence, he continued reading the Kemlo series which made him want to write science fiction himself. After attending Gourock and Greenock High Schools, Banks studied English, philosophy and psychology at the University of Stirling (1972–1975).
After graduation Banks chose a succession of jobs that left him free to write in the evenings. These posts supported his writing throughout his twenties and allowed him to take long breaks between contracts, during which time he travelled through Europe and North America. He was an expediter analyser for IBM, a technician for the British Steel Corporation and a costing clerk for a Chancery Lane, London, law firm during this period of his life.
Banks decided to become a writer at the age of 11. He completed his first novel The Hungarian Lift-Jet at 16 and his second novel TTR (aka The Tashkent Rambler) during his first year at Stirling University in 1972. Though he considered himself primarily a science fiction author, his lack of success at being published as such led him to pursue mainstream fiction, resulting in his first published novel The Wasp Factory, which was published in 1984 when he was thirty. After the publication and success of The Wasp Factory, Banks began to write full-time. His editor at Macmillan, James Hale, advised him to write one book a year and Banks agreed to this schedule.
His second novel Walking on Glass was published in 1985. The Bridge followed in 1986, and Espedair Street, published in 1987, was later broadcast as a series on BBC Radio 4. His first published science fiction book Consider Phlebas was released in 1987 and was the first of several novels of the acclaimed Culture series. Banks cited Robert A. Heinlein, Isaac Asimov, Arthur C. Clarke, Brian Aldiss, M. John Harrison and Dan Simmons as literary influences. The Crow Road, published in 1992, was adapted as a BBC television series. Banks continued to write both science fiction and mainstream novels, with his final novel The Quarry published in June 2013, the month of his death.
Banks published work under two names. His parents had intended to name him "Iain Menzies Banks", but his father made a mistake when registering the birth and "Iain Banks" became the officially registered name. Despite this error, Banks used the middle name and submitted The Wasp Factory for publication as "Iain M. Banks". Banks's editor inquired about the possibility of omitting the 'M' as it appeared "too fussy" and the potential existed for confusion with Rosie M. Banks, a romantic novelist in the Jeeves novels by P.G. Wodehouse; Banks agreed to the omission. After three mainstream novels, Banks's publishers agreed to publish his first science fiction (SF) novel Consider Phlebas. To create a distinction between the mainstream and SF novels, Banks suggested the return of the 'M' to his name, and it was used in all of his science fiction works.
By his death in June 2013 Banks had published 26 novels. His twenty-seventh novel The Quarry was published posthumously. His final work, a collection of poetry, was released in February 2015. In an interview January 2013, he also mentioned he had the plot idea for another novel in the Culture series, which would most likely be his next book and planned for publication in 2014.
Banks wrote thirteen science-fiction novels, nine of which were part of the Culture series; and a short story collection called The State of the Art (1991) includes some stories set in the same universe. These works focus upon characters that are usually on the margins of the Culture, a post-scarcity anarchist utopia; in the same universe are other civilizations, with which the Culture sometimes enters into conflict, and sentient artificial intelligences.
Banks' non-science-fiction work comprises fourteen novels and one non-fiction book. Many of his novels contain elements of autobiography, and feature various locations in his native Scotland. Raw Spirit (subtitled In Search of the Perfect Dram) is a travel book of Banks' visits to the distilleries of Scotland in search of the finest whisky, including his musings on other subjects such as cars and politics.


Proximal Policy Optimization
Contents
- Proximal Policy Optimization
- Clipped Surrogate Objective Function
- Generalized Advantage Estimation
- Multiple epochs of Policy Updates
We have seen Policy Gradient and Actor-Critic methods in the last blog, the idea behind that was taking gradient ascent. We will push our agent to take actions that lead to higher rewards and avoid bad actions. Before discuss problems associated with these methods lets quickly revise these methods from the below link.
Policy Gradient and Actor-Critic Algorithm
The problem with the policy gradient comes with the step size.
1. Too small, the training process was too slow.
2. Too high, there was too much variability in the training.
Other problems are:
3. Training was extremely sensitive to hyparameter tuning.
4. Outlier data can ruin training.
That’s where PPO is useful, the idea is that PPO improves the stability of the Actor training by limiting the policy update at each training step.
The goals of PPO are:
1. Simple and easy to implement
2. Sample efficiency
3. Minimal hyperparameter tuning.
The route to success in reinforcement learning isn’t as obvious — the algorithms have many moving parts that are hard to debug, and they require substantial effort in tuning in order to get good results. PPO strikes a balance between ease of implementation, sample complexity, and ease of tuning, trying to compute an update at each step that minimizes the cost function while ensuring the deviation from the previous policy is relatively small.
We will look into the following upgrades on Actor-Critic Alogrithm which lead us to PPO:
1. Clipped Surrogate Objective Function
2. Generalized Advantage Estimation


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fuse-widget is a custom built Fuse component allows to create flippable widget boxes.
fuse-widget
Widget title more_vert Widget Content close More widget info


Action Controller basics
In this guide you will learn how controllers work and how they fit into the request cycle in your application. You will learn how to make use of the many tools provided by Action Controller to work with the session, cookies and filters and how to use the built-in HTTP authentication and data streaming facilities. In the end, we will take a look at some tools that will be useful once your controllers are ready and working, like how to filter sensitive parameters from the log and how to rescue and deal with exceptions that may be raised during the request.
1. What does a controller do?
Action Controller is the C in MVC. After routing has determined which controller to use for a request, your controller is responsible for making sense of the request and producing the appropriate output. Luckily, Action Controller does most of the groundwork for you and uses smart conventions to make this as straight-forward as possible.
For most conventional RESTful applications, the controller will receive the request (this is invisible to you as the developer), fetch or save data from a model and use a view to create HTML output. If your controller needs to do things a little differently, that's not a problem, this is just the most common way for a controller to work.
A controller can thus be thought of as a middle man between models and views. It makes the model data available to the view so it can display it to the user, and it saves or updates data from the user to the model.
2. Methods and actions
A controller is a Ruby class which inherits from ActionController::Base and has methods just like any other class. Usually these methods correspond to actions in MVC, but they can just as well be helpful methods which can be called by actions. When your application receives a request, the routing will determine which controller and action to run. Then an instance of that controller will be created and the method corresponding to the action (the method with the same name as the action) gets run.
class ClientsController < ActionController::Base # Actions are public methods def new end # These methods are responsible for producing output def edit end # Helper methods are private and can not be used as actions private def foo end end
Private methods in a controller are also used as filters, which will be covered later in this guide.
As an example, if the user goes to /clients/new in your application to add a new client, a ClientsController instance will be created and the new method will be run. Note that the empty method from the example above could work just fine because Rails will by default render the new.html.erb view unless the action says otherwise. The new method could make available to the view a @client instance variable by creating a new Client:
def new @client = Client.new end
The Layouts & rendering guide explains this in more detail.
3. Parameters
You will probably want to access data sent in by the user or other parameters in your controller actions. There are two kinds of parameters possible in a web application. The first are parameters that are sent as part of the URL, query string parameters. The query string is everything after "?" in the URL. The second type of parameter is usually referred to as POST data. This information usually comes from a HTML form which has been filled in by the user. It's called POST data because it can only be sent as part of an HTTP POST request. Rails does not make any distinction between query string parameters and POST parameters, and both are available in the params hash in your controller:
class ClientsController < ActionController::Base # This action uses query string parameters because it gets run by a HTTP GET request, # but this does not make any difference to the way in which the parameters are accessed. # The URL for this action would look like this in order to list activated clients: /clients?status=activated def index if params[:status] = "activated" @clients = Client.activated else @clients = Client.unativated end end # This action uses POST parameters. They are most likely coming from an HTML # form which the user has submitted. The URL for this RESTful request will # be "/clients", and the data will be sent as part of the request body. def create @client = Client.new(params[:client]) if @client.save redirect_to @client else # This line overrides the default rendering behavior, which would have been # to render the "create" view. render :action => "new" end end end
3.1. Hash and array parameters
The params hash is not limited to one-dimensional keys and values. It can contain arrays and (nested) hashes. To send an array of values, append "[]" to the key name:
GET /clients?ids[]=1&ids[2]&ids[]=3
The value of params[:ids] will now be ["1", "2", "3"]. Note that parameter values are always strings; Rails makes no attempt to guess or cast the type.
To send a hash you include the key name inside the brackets:
<form action="/clients" method="post"> <input type="text" name="client[name]" value="Acme" /> <input type="text" name="client[phone]" value="12345" /> <input type="text" name="client[address][postcode]" value="12345" /> <input type="text" name="client[address][city]" value="Carrot City" /> </form>
The value of params[:client] when this form is submitted will be {:name ⇒ "Acme", :phone ⇒ "12345", :address ⇒ {:postcode ⇒ "12345", :city ⇒ "Carrot City"}}. Note the nested hash in params[:client][:address].
3.2. Routing parameters
The params hash will always contain the :controller and :action keys, but you should use the methods controller_name and action_name instead to access these values. Any other parameters defined by the routing, such as :id will also be available.
4. Session
Your application has a session for each user in which you can store small amounts of data that will be persisted between requests. The session is only available in the controller and can use one of a number of different storage mechanisms:
-
CookieStore - Stores everything on the client.
-
DRBStore - Stores the data on a DRb client.
-
MemCacheStore - Stores the data in MemCache.
-
ActiveRecordStore - Stores the data in a database using Active Record.
All session stores store the session id in a cookie - there is no other way of passing it to the server. Most stores also use this key to locate the session data on the server.
The default and recommended store, the Cookie Store, does not store session data on the server, but in the cookie itself. The data is cryptographically signed to make it tamper-proof, but it is not encrypted, so anyone with access to it can read its contents. It can only store about 4kB of data - much less than the others - but this is usually enough. Storing large amounts of data is discouraged no matter which session store your application uses. Expecially discouraged is storing complex objects (anything other than basic Ruby objects, the primary example being model instances) in the session, as the server might not be able to reassemble them between requests, which will result in an error. The Cookie Store has the added advantage that it does not require any setting up beforehand - Rails will generate a "secret key" which will be used to sign the cookie when you create the application.
If you need a different session storage mechanism, you can change it in the config/environment.rb file:
# Set to one of [:active_record_store, :drb_store, :mem_cache_store, :cookie_store] config.action_controller.session_store = :active_record_store
4.1. Disabling the session
Sometimes you don't need a session, and you can turn it off to avoid the unnecessary overhead. To do this, use the session class method in your controller:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base session :off end
You can also turn the session on or off for a single controller:
# The session is turned off by default in ApplicationController, but we # want to turn it on for log in/out. class LoginsController < ActionController::Base session :on end
Or even a single action:
class ProductsController < ActionController::Base session :on, :only => [:create, :update] end
4.2. Accessing the session
In your controller you can access the session through the session instance method.
| There are two session methods, the class and the instance method. The class method which is described above is used to turn the session on and off while the instance method described below is used to access session values. The class method is used outside of method definitions while the instance methods is used inside methods, in actions or filters. |
Session values are stored using key/value pairs like a hash:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base private # Finds the User with the ID stored in the session with the key :current_user_id # This is a common way to do user login in a Rails application; logging in sets the # session value and logging out removes it. def current_user @_current_user ||= session[:current_user_id] && User.find(session[:current_user_id]) end end
To store something in the session, just assign it to the key like a hash:
class LoginsController < ApplicationController # "Create" a login, aka "log the user in" def create if user = User.authenticate(params[:username, params[:password]) # Save the user ID in the session so it can be used in subsequent requests session[:current_user_id] = user.id redirect_to root_url end end end
To remove something from the session, assign that key to be nil:
class LoginsController < ApplicationController # "Delete" a login, aka "log the user out" def destroy # Remove the user id from the session session[:current_user_id] = nil redirect_to root_url end end
To reset the entire session, use reset_session.
4.3. The flash
The flash is a special part of the session which is cleared with each request. This means that values stored there will only be available in the next request, which is useful for storing error messages etc. It is accessed in much the same way as the session, like a hash. Let's use the act of logging out as an example. The controller can set a message which will be displayed to the user on the next request:
class LoginsController < ApplicationController def destroy session[:current_user_id] = nil flash[:notice] = "You have successfully logged out" redirect_to root_url end end
The destroy action redirects to the application's root_url, where the message will be displayed. Note that it's entirely up to the next action to decide what, if anything, it will do with what the previous action put in the flash. It's conventional to a display eventual errors or notices from the flash in the application's layout:
   <% if flash[:notice] -%>
<%= flash[:notice] %>
 <% end -%> <% if flash[:error] -%>
<%= flash[:error] %>
 <% end -%>
This way, if an action sets an error or a notice message, the layout will display it automatically.
If you want a flash value to be carried over to another request, use the keep method:
class MainController < ApplicationController # Let's say this action corresponds to root_url, but you want all requests here to be redirected to # UsersController#index. If an action sets the flash and redirects here, the values would normally be # lost when another redirect happens, but you can use keep to make it persist for another request. def index flash.keep # Will persist all flash values. You can also use a key to keep only that value: flash.keep(:notice) redirect_to users_url end end
4.3.1. flash.now
By default, adding values to the flash will make them available to the next request, but sometimes you may want to access those values in the same request. For example, if the create action fails to save a resource and you render the new template directly, that's not going to result in a new request, but you may still want to display a message using the flash. To do this, you can use flash.now in the same way you use the normal flash:
class ClientsController < ApplicationController def create @client = Client.new(params[:client]) if @client.save # ... else flash.now[:error] = "Could not save client" render :action => "new" end end end
5. Cookies
Your application can store small amounts of data on the client - called cookies - that will be persisted across requests and even sessions. Rails provides easy access to cookies via the cookies method, which - much like the session - works like a hash:
class CommentsController < ApplicationController def new #Auto-fill the commenter's name if it has been stored in a cookie @comment = Comment.new(:name => cookies[:commenter_name]) end def create @comment = Comment.new(params[:comment]) if @comment.save flash[:notice] = "Thanks for your comment!" if params[:remember_name] # Remember the commenter's name cookies[:commenter_name] = @comment.name else # Don't remember, and delete the name if it has been remembered before cookies.delete(:commenter_name) end redirect_to @comment.article else render :action => "new" end end end
Note that while for session values, you set the key to nil, to delete a cookie value, you use cookies.delete(:key).
6. Filters
Filters are methods that are run before, after or "around" a controller action. For example, one filter might check to see if the logged in user has the right credentials to access that particular controller or action. Filters are inherited, so if you set a filter on ApplicationController, it will be run on every controller in your application. A common, simple filter is one which requires that a user is logged in for an action to be run. Let's define the filter method first:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base private def require_login unless logged_in? flash[:error] = "You must be logged in to access this section" redirect_to new_login_url # Prevents the current action from running end end # The logged_in? method simply returns true if the user is logged in and # false otherwise. It does this by "booleanizing" the current_user method # we created previously using a double ! operator. Note that this is not # common in Ruby and is discouraged unless you really mean to convert something # into true or false. def logged_in? !!current_user end end
The method simply stores an error message in the flash and redirects to the login form if the user is not logged in. If a before filter (a filter which is run before the action) renders or redirects, the action will not run. If there are additional filters scheduled to run after the rendering/redirecting filter, they are also cancelled. To use this filter in a controller, use the before_filter method:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base before_filter :require_login end
In this example, the filter is added to ApplicationController and thus all controllers in the application. This will make everything in the application require the user to be logged in in order to use it. For obvious reasons (the user wouldn't be able to log in in the first place!), not all controllers or actions should require this, so to prevent this filter from running you can use skip_before_filter :
class LoginsController < Application skip_before_filter :require_login, :only => [:new, :create] end
Now, the LoginsController's "new" and "create" actions will work as before without requiring the user to be logged in. The :only option is used to only skip this filter for these actions, and there is also an :except option which works the other way. These options can be used when adding filters too, so you can add a filter which only runs for selected actions in the first place.
6.1. After filters and around filters
In addition to the before filters, you can run filters after an action has run or both before and after. The after filter is similar to the before filter, but because the action has already been run it has access to the response data that's about to be sent to the client. Obviously, after filters can not stop the action from running. Around filters are responsible for running the action, but they can choose not to, which is the around filter's way of stopping it.
TODO: Find a real example for an around filter
# Example taken from the Rails API filter documentation: # http://api.rubyonrails.org/classes/ActionController/Filters/ClassMethods.html class ApplicationController < Application around_filter :catch_exceptions private def catch_exceptions yield rescue => exception logger.debug "Caught exception! #{exception}" raise end end
6.2. Other ways to use filters
While the most common way to use filters is by creating private methods and using *_filter to add them, there are two other ways to do the same thing.
The first is to use a block directly with the *_filter methods. The block receives the controller as an argument, and the require_login filter from above could be rewritte to use a block:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base before_filter { |controller| redirect_to new_login_url unless controller.send(:logged_in?) } end
Note that the filter in this case uses send because the logged_in? method is private and the filter is not run in the scope of the controller. This is not the recommended way to implement this particular filter, but in more simple cases it might be useful.
The second way is to use a class (actually, any object that responds to the right methods will do) to handle the filtering. This is useful in cases that are more complex than can not be implemented in a readable and reusable way using the two other methods. As an example, we will rewrite the login filter again to use a class:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base before_filter LoginFilter end class LoginFilter def self.filter(controller) unless logged_in? controller.flash[:error] = "You must be logged in to access this section" controller.redirect_to controller.new_login_url end end end
Again, this is not an ideal example for this filter, because it's not run in the scope of the controller but gets it passed as an argument. The filter class has a class method filter which gets run before or after the action, depending on if it's a before or after filter. Classes used as around filters can also use the same filter method, which will get run in the same way. The method must yield to execute the action. Alternatively, it can have both a before and an after method that are run before and after the action.
The Rails API documentation has more information on using filters.
7. Verification
Verifications make sure certain criterias are met in order for a controller or action to run. They can specify that a certain key (or several keys in the form of an array) is present in the params, session or flash hashes or that a certain HTTP method was used or that the request was made using XMLHTTPRequest (Ajax). The default action taken when these criterias are not met is to render a 400 Bad Request response, but you can customize this by specifying a redirect URL or rendering something else and you can also add flash messages and HTTP headers to the response. It is described in the API codumentation as "essentially a special kind of before_filter".
Let's see how we can use verification to make sure the user supplies a username and a password in order to log in:
class LoginsController < ApplicationController verify :params => [:username, :password], :render => {:action => "new"}, :add_flash => {:error => "Username and password required to log in"} def create @user = User.authenticate(params[:username], params[:password]) if @user flash[:notice] = "You're logged in" redirect_to root_url else render :action => "new" end end end
Now the create action won't run unless the "username" and "password" parameters are present, and if they're not, an error message will be added to the flash and the "new" action will be rendered. But there's something rather important missing from the verification above: It will be used for every action in LoginsController, which is not what we want. You can limit which actions it will be used for with the :only and :except options just like a filter:
class LoginsController < ApplicationController verify :params => [:username, :password], :render => {:action => "new"}, :add_flash => {:error => "Username and password required to log in"}, :only => :create #Only run this verification for the "create" action end
8. The request and response objects
In every controller there are two accessor methods pointing to the request and the response objects associated with the request cycle that is currently in execution. The request method contains an instance of AbstractRequest and the response method contains the response object representing what is going to be sent back to the client.
8.1. The request
The request object contains a lot of useful information about the request coming in from the client. To get a full list of the available methods, refer to the API documentation.
-
host - The hostname used for this request.
-
domain - The hostname without the first part (usually "www").
-
format - The content type requested by the client.
-
method - The HTTP method used for the request.
-
get?, post?, put?, delete?, head? - Returns true if the HTTP method is get/post/put/delete/head.
-
headers - Returns a hash containing the headers associated with the request.
-
port - The port number (integer) used for the request.
-
protocol - The protocol used for the request.
-
query_string - The query string part of the URL - everything after "?".
-
remote_ip - The IP address of the client.
-
url - The entire URL used for the request.
8.1.1. path_parameters, query_parameters and request_parameters
TODO: Does this belong here?
Rails collects all of the parameters sent along with the request in the params hash, whether they are sent as part of the query string or the post body. The request object has three accessors that give you access to these parameters depending on where they came from. The query_parameters hash contains parameters that were sent as part of the query string while the request_parameters hash contains parameters sent as part of the post body. The path_parameters hash contains parameters that were recognised by the routing as being part of the path leading to this particular controller and action.
8.2. The response
The response objects is not usually used directly, but is built up during the execution of the action and rendering of the data that is being sent back to the user, but sometimes - like in an after filter - it can be useful to access the response directly. Some of these accessor methods also have setters, allowing you to change their values.
-
body - This is the string of data being sent back to the client. This is most often HTML.
-
status - The HTTP status code for the response, like 200 for a successful request or 404 for file not found.
-
location - The URL the client is being redirected to, if any.
-
content_type - The content type of the response.
-
charset - The character set being used for the response. Default is "utf8".
9. HTTP Basic Authentication
Rails comes with built-in HTTP Basic authentication. This is an authentication scheme that is supported by the majority of browsers and other HTTP clients. As an example, we will create an administration section which will only be available by entering a username and a password into the browser's HTTP Basic dialog window. Using the built-in authentication is quite easy and only requires you to use one method, authenticate_or_request_with_http_basic.
class AdminController < ApplicationController USERNAME, PASSWORD = "humbaba", "f59a4805511bf4bb61978445a5380c6c" before_filter :authenticate private def authenticate authenticate_or_request_with_http_basic do |username, password| username == USERNAME && Digest::MD5.hexdigest(password) == PASSWORD end end end
With this in place, you can create namespaced controllers that inherit from AdminController. The before filter will thus be run for all actions in those controllers, protecting them with HTTP Basic authentication.
10. Streaming and file downloads
Sometimes you may want to send a file to the user instead of rendering an HTML page. All controllers in Rails have the send_data and the send_file methods, that will both stream data to the client. send_file is a convenience method which lets you provide the name of a file on the disk and it will stream the contents of that file for you.
To stream data to the client, use send_data:
require "prawn" class ClientsController < ApplicationController # Generate a PDF document with information on the client and return it. # The user will get the PDF as a file download. def download_pdf client = Client.find(params[:id]) send_data(generate_pdf, :filename => "#{client.name}.pdf", :type => "application/pdf") end private def generate_pdf(client) Prawn::Document.new do text client.name, :align => :center text "Address: #{client.address}" text "Email: #{client.email}" end.render end end
The download_pdf action in the example above will call a private method which actually generates the file (a PDF document) and returns it as a string. This string will then be streamed to the client as a file download and a filename will be suggested to the user. Sometimes when streaming files to the user, you may not want them to download the file. Take images, for example, which can be embedded into HTML pages. To tell the browser a file is not meant to be downloaded, you can set the :disposition option to "inline". The opposite and default value for this option is "attachment".
10.1. Sending files
If you want to send a file that already exists on disk, use the send_file method. This is usually not recommended, but can be useful if you want to perform some authentication before letting the user download the file.
class ClientsController < ApplicationController # Stream a file that has already been generated and stored on disk def download_pdf client = Client.find(params[:id]) send_data("#{RAILS_ROOT}/files/clients/#{client.id}.pdf", :filename => "#{client.name}.pdf", :type => "application/pdf") end end
This will read and stream the file 4Kb at the time, avoiding loading the entire file into memory at once. You can turn off streaming with the stream option or adjust the block size with the buffer_size option.
| Be careful when using (or just don't use) "outside" data (params, cookies, etc) to locate the file on disk, as this is a security risk as someone could gain access to files they are not meant to have access to. |
| It is not recommended that you stream static files through Rails if you can instead keep them in a public folder on your web server. It is much more efficient to let the user download the file directly using Apache or another web server, keeping the request from unnecessarily going through the whole Rails stack. |
10.2. RESTful downloads
While send_data works just fine, if you are creating a RESTful application having separate actions for file downloads is usually not necessary. In REST terminology, the PDF file from the example above can be considered just another representation of the client resource. Rails provides an easy and quite sleek way of doing "RESTful downloads". Let's try to rewrite the example so that the PDF download is a part of the show action:
class ClientsController < ApplicationController # The user can request to receive this resource as HTML or PDF. def show @client = Client.find(params[:id]) respond_to do |format| format.html format.pdf{ render :pdf => generate_pdf(@client) } end end end
In order for this example to work, we have to add the PDF MIME type to Rails. This can be done by adding the following line to the file config/initializers/mime_types.rb:
Mime::Type.register "application/pdf", :pdf
| Configuration files are not reloaded on each request, so you have to restart the server in order for their changes to take effect. |
Now the user can request to get a PDF version of a client just by adding ".pdf" to the URL:
GET /clients/1.pdf
11. Parameter filtering
Rails keeps a log file for each environment (development, test and production) in the "log" folder. These are extremely useful when debugging what's actually going on in your application, but in a live application you may not want every bit of information to be stored in the log file. The filter_parameter_logging method can be used to filter out sensitive information from the log. It works by replacing certain keys in the params hash with "[FILTERED]" as they are written to the log. As an example, let's see how to filter all parameters with keys that include "password":
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base filter_parameter_logging :password end
The method works recursively through all levels of the params hash and takes an optional second parameter which is used as the replacement string if present. It can also take a block which receives each key in return and replaces those for which the block returns true.
12. Rescue
Most likely your application is going to contain bugs or otherwise throw an exception that needs to be handled. For example, if the user follows a link to a resource that no longer exists in the database, Active Record will throw the ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound exception. Rails' default exception handling displays a 500 Server Error message for all exceptions. If the request was made locally, a nice traceback and some added information gets displayed so you can figure out what went wrong and deal with it. If the request was remote Rails will just display a simple "500 Server Error" message to the user, or a "404 Not Found" if there was a routing error or a record could not be found. Sometimes you might want to customize how these errors are caught and how they're displayed to the user. There are several levels of exception handling available in a Rails application:
12.1. The default 500 and 404 templates
By default a production application will render either a 404 or a 500 error message. These messages are contained in static HTML files in the public folder, in 404.html and 500.html respectively. You can customize these files to add some extra information and layout, but remember that they are static; i.e. you can't use RHTML or layouts in them, just plain HTML.
12.2. rescue_from
If you want to do something a bit more elaborate when catching errors, you can use rescue_from, which handles exceptions of a certain type (or multiple types) in an entire controller and its subclasses. When an exception occurs which is caught by a rescue_from directive, the exception object is passed to the handler. The handler can be a method or a Proc object passed to the :with option. You can also use a block directly instead of an explicit Proc object.
Let's see how we can use rescue_from to intercept all ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound errors and do something with them.
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base rescue_from ActiveRecord::RecordNotFound, :with => :record_not_found private def record_not_found render :text => "404 Not Found", :status => 404 end end
Of course, this example is anything but elaborate and doesn't improve the default exception handling at all, but once you can catch all those exceptions you're free to do whatever you want with them. For example, you could create custom exception classes that will be thrown when a user doesn't have access to a certain section of your application:
class ApplicationController < ActionController::Base rescue_from User::NotAuthorized, :with => :user_not_authorized private def user_not_authorized flash[:error] = "You don't have access to this section." redirect_to :back end end class ClientsController < ApplicationController # Check that the user has the right authorization to access clients. before_filter :check_authorization # Note how the actions don't have to worry about all the auth stuff. def edit @client = Client.find(params[:id]) end private # If the user is not authorized, just throw the exception. def check_authorization raise User::NotAuthorized unless current_user.admin? end end
| Certain exceptions are only rescuable from the ApplicationController class, as they are raised before the controller gets initialized and the action gets executed. See Pratik Naik's article on the subject for more information. |


My name is Chelsey Fay. I am a student at Chippewa Valley Technical College. I am majoring in Information Technology - Software Development. I have been married to my husband for a little over four years and we have two beautiful girls. Some hobbies of mine include reading, doing outdoor activities, playing video games, and doing coding challenges outside of class. I currently own a beauty supply store, but also seeking the a position as a Front End Developer somewhere in Eau Claire and surrounding areas.
If you want to connect with me you can do that on the Home Page.


{extend name="public/base" /} {block name="title"} {$title}列表 {assign name="groupnav" value="Weixin"/} {assign name="activenav" value="Wxapi/index"/} {/block} {block name="main"}
Bootstrap is a sleek, intuitive, and powerful mobile first front-end framework for faster and easier web development. OneUI was built on top, extending it to a large degree.
The User Interface will adjust to any screen size. It will look great on mobile devices and desktops at the same time. No need to worry about the UI, just stay focused on the development.
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One year with Udacity's self-driving car engineering program
- Pantelis Monogioudis
- Head of Applied ML Research Group, Augmented Intelligence & Devices Research Lab
- Bell-Labs, Murray Hill, NJ, USA
About me
20 years of experience in leading Research & Development projects in multiple countries / cultures. I started in wireless communications (PHY/MAC) in the 90s and in 2000’s started diversifying into Machine Learning initially for wireless networks and later for all sorts of applications. Currently leading ~15 researchers in Murray Hill NJ and Budapest in Applied Machine Learning working on real-time multisensory data fusion applications. 1 (failed) startup, 15 journal publications and 50 patents issued/pending. As of spring 2019 I am also with the Computer Science department of NJIT. For the last 20 years I live in Randolph, NJ with my wife Dora, my two boys Alex & Nicholas (and as of recently my dog Bleu).
We are hiring ML researchers / engineers in Paris-Saclay region - please get in touch with me via linkedin / twitter if you are interested.
Architecture
ROS Connected Simulator for System Integration
The car is not enough - you need also a real world simulator with a good physics engine and develop the ability to communicate with ROS.
The final test - somewhere in California (March 2018)
Perception Subsystem - Vision
Lane line detection
Traffic sign classification - images in the dataset (32,32,3)
Traffic sign classification
- For German traffic signs classification, the Keras API was used to define a deep neural network and train its hyperparameters.
- Validation set accuracy with the CNN bellow was 94.830%
Scene Understanding
Semantic Segmentation
- Click https://github.com/pantelis/CarND-Semantic-Segmentation-Project
- The Kitti Road dataset from here was used for training and testing.
- We label the pixels of a road in images using a Fully Convolutional Network (FCN) based on VGG16
Localization & Sensor Fusion
LIDAR
- Velodyne VLP-16 - indoor scanning .
Localization Problem Statement
- Localization accuracy must be 3cm-10cm.
- To localize the car, you need to match the (distance) measurements using the onboard sensors (lidar/radar) to those of the map.
- This is one of the reasons why good map info is important.


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Man launches accessible fitness app after surviving severe brain cancer
Brad Woodhouse found a new purpose in life after facing gruelling treatment for a rare type of brain cancer – and has now launched an app to help others stay healthy.
The entrepreneur was diagnosed with cancer when he was just 24, and he had to undergo four major operations on his brain in a matter of weeks.
‘From signing a will, to saying goodbye to my parents and family to then waking up after 13 hours of brain surgery, and I mean really waking up, my whole purpose in life had shifted,’ says Brad.
‘I was acknowledging a primal need in the pit of my stomach to help people.’
While Brad was recovering from the life-threatening illness and painful surgery that left him with PTSD and survivor’s guilt, he began creating WELD, an online health and fitness appdesigned to challenge the ‘outdated’ health and fitness industry in the UK.
WELD stands for Wellbeing, Exercise, Lifestyle and Diet, and aims to make getting and staying fit and healthy more accessible and affordable.
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‘I want to make it easier for people to live a healthier and more active life,’ says Brad.
‘After I was diagnosed with brain cancer in 2011, and had four surgeries in three months, I finally came out at the end of the tunnel.
‘I had survived, and I had to believe I survived for a reason. People began contacting me regarding their recent cancer diagnoses and wanted to hear my approach, what I ate, what I drank, how I exercised, and what my physical and mental state was.
‘It was in those moments of sharing my experience and advice that I felt like I had found something, I had found purpose.’
Brad still has 30 per cent of the tumour lodged in his brain, but is currently in remission. He’s now 32 and lives in north London with his wife and young son, and says that he appreciates every moment he has with them.
He now takes his personal fitness and health incredibly seriously and competes as an endurance athlete in his spare time.
Brad developed the app to help people maintain their health and fitness: ‘You have the choice of duration, type of session, health professional, session fee, and location that suits your needs all through one platform,’ he explains.
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‘It’s actually hard to find a simple way to access the market of health professionals, and to learn more about them through an open and transparent reviews system, where the professionals, premises owners and users all rate each other.
‘You can also see the health professionals’ and premises’ rates, which they can change at their discretion.’