RMarkdown is awesome!
When I first started using RMarkdown, it felt very much like a blessing.
Not only does the format encourage reproducible analysis by enabling you to interweave code, text, images, and plots, it also allows you to knit()
the document into so many different formats, including static HTML, MS Word, PowerPoint, PDF - everything done from the comfort of the RStudio IDE!
I also love the fact that whilst the outputs are highly customisable (e.g. adding your own CSS), it is also incredibly easy to produce a professional document by using an existing template (e.g. see prettydoc and rmdformats). In fact, this blog post itself is written using RMarkdown. If you haven’t tried RMarkdown yet, I’d highly recommend it - and R Markdown: The Definitive Guide is a good place to start.
But this post isn’t about selling RMarkdown. Actually, it’s about a relatively trivial inconvenience* I’ve recently experienced when using RMarkdown in work, and how I’ve found a simple solution to overcome this issue.
*hence first world problem
RMarkdown documents that are too long!
I quite often use RMarkdown to document my data exploratory analysis - e.g. when I’m coming across a completely new set of data.
The problem is simple: as I explore different cuts of the data and layer more plots, tables, and text onto my RMarkdown document, it gets unmanageably long (1,200 lines+). Although I can create more functions and source()
them externally from a separate R file where possible, there is a limit to how much I can shorten the length of the Rmd file. As the file gets longer, errors become more common and debugging becomes more difficult.
However, it is not completely straightforward to split a RMarkdown document into multiple files and use source()
to combine them into a single document, because source()
doesn’t work on RMarkdown documents. A RMarkdown document contains more than just R code, and what you’d ideally want is to be able to combine both the code chunks and the accompanying text commentary. So I did some digging on Stack Overflow and found a solution that I was pretty happy with.1
The solution
The first step I did was to get my RMarkdown ‘contents’ into multiple files that fit into the following structure:
The “Mother” Rmd - this is the file that will take in all the content from the “child” Rmd. I would keep this file relatively short and usually just use this for loading packages and functions. This is the only Rmd file that should have a YAML header (the starting bits specifying title, author, and knit output options). There should only be one “Mother” Rmd.
“Child” Rmd(s) - these files would hold most of the analysis and be read into the “Mother” Rmd. You can have more than one of these “Child” Rmd files, and apart from the fact that these files won’t have a YAML header, they should be no different from a typical Rmd file. They’ll still have the same .Rmd file extension, and you can do section headers (e.g. h1, h2, h3…) and code chunks as normal.
My habit is then to have my working directory in the following structure, where my RMarkdown files are all saved in a Rmd sub-folder under a Scripts folder, separate from my functions. The example below shows a mother Rmd file called main_analysis_file.Rmd, and four child Rmd files named analysis-part1.Rmd, analysis-part2.Rmd, and so on:
- root project directory
- Data - where I save my raw data
- Output - where I save my analysis and plot outputs
- Scripts
- Rmds - save all Rmd scripts here
- main_analysis_file.Rmd [mother]
- analysis-part1.Rmd [child]
- analysis-part2.Rmd [child]
- analysis-part3.Rmd [child]
- analysis-part4.Rmd [child]
- Functions - save functions here
- Rmds - save all Rmd scripts here
Once I’ve organised all my analysis in the individual child Rmd files, all I need to do is to “source” these Rmd files into the “mother” file. Instead of using source()
, I’ll use code chunks in the “mother” Rmd file. To make the file path referencing a bit more easier to deal with, I use here::here()
to help R find the right Rmd files:2
Note that you don’t need to include anything in those R code chunks within the “mother” Rmd. If everything has worked, knit
-ting from the “mother” Rmd file should get you an output that draws from all the children Rmd.
Then that’s pretty much it! The outcome is that you still get outputs that contain the entire analysis, but code and documentation that is better organised and much easier to follow.
See this Stack Overflow solution that solved my problem. This solution is more suited for organising analysis projects, but bookdown may be more suitable if you’re writing a book or a thesis.↩


I am changing the length of my daily row each day.
The length in minutes alternates between:10 20 30 20 10 ...


Here is an application that lets you set a switch to start a audio file to begin the countdown. As soon as the helicopter reaches a set distance from the start up point the elapsed time and the end of run speed is read out. Also as long as the switch remains in the 'go' position, there is a readout on the screen of the time and end speed. The app also logs the time and speed to the jeti log file using the new tx firmware features.
Version: 1.2 - Built in audio file and squished a few bugs
Compatibility: DC/DS-14/16/24, DS-12
MHSFA Drag is part of tools available from:AlCormack


Vols up two spots to no. 19 in AP Basketball Poll
KNOXVILLE, Tenn. (WVLT) — Vols basketball moved up two spots to no. 19 in the AP Top 25 Poll released Monday.
Louisville took the no. 1 spot followed by Kansas and Ohio State.
See the full list here.
KNOXVILLE, Tenn. (WVLT) — Vols basketball moved up two spots to no. 19 in the AP Top 25 Poll released Monday.
Louisville took the no. 1 spot followed by Kansas and Ohio State.
See the full list here.


|
SmartVehicle-Sortic
SmartFactory
|
The SmartFactory_Vehicle-Sortic is an implementation from the SmartFactory project for Sortic.
It's a Smart-Vehicle which can navigate on a known game-table and communicates this information wirelessly to its environment using the SmartFactory_MQTTCommunication and the SmartFactory_Vehicle-Basis-component.
Multiple nested Finite State Machines (FSM) based on the pattern of the ArdFSM are used to control the processes.
The implementation of the SmartFactory project for Sortic looks as follows:
The associated repositories are:
SmartFactory_MQTTCommunication
The source code is written in C++. To achieve this project, the following tools and technologies were used.
Doxygen is used for the documentation of the source-code.
An intorduction to Doxygen and how to install it can be found in the ArdFSM-Repo.
The used IDE is VSCode with the PlatformIO-extension.
For a description of the MQTT-Technologie take a look at the MQTTCommunication-ReadMe.
For a description of the used hardware take a look at the Vehicle-Basis-ReadMe.
The Gametable consists of black lines on a white (light) background. It is composed of different sectors:
These sectors are also separate states and can easily be customized in NavigationCtrl.
All functions and files are documented on the GitHub-Page with Doxygen.
The documentation does not include the MQTTCommunication and the SmartFactory_Vehicle-Basis-files. If you would like the complete documentation with these files included you need to build it yourself with the Doxygen-complete file.
It's important to mention that all functions are non-blocking and as short as possible so no other process starves. This way a degree of parallelism can be achieved.
Click on the image to open doxygen-documentation.
Extern libraries:
Click on the image to open doxygen-documentation.
In Configuration.h are all important settings for the vehicle defined:
The SmartVehicle communicates via the SmartFactory_MQTTCommunication to an MQTT-Broker, who distributes the messages. The communication works by subscribing to various topics. The subscribed topics change depending on action and position of the Vehicle. The topic-tree looks like this:
The Vehicle is constantly subscribed to the topics: error, Vehicle/error, Vehicle/vehicle.id/error and also always publishes its status to Vehicle/vehicle.id/status.
More information about the communication process and the complete procedure is documented in SmartFactroy-Sortic-ReadMe.
For a handshake with a box the topic Vehicle/vehicle.id/handshake is used. The confirmation of the new position is sent from the vehicle to the Box/box.id/position.
/>
Before the vehicle can bring the box to its new destination, it has to find out where its load is needed and whether that space is available. For this it subscribes to the topic Transfer/Handover and evaluates the received messages.
/>
This repository is designed specifically for Sortic. You can still use it, if you stick to the following rules:
- Use the same handshake and communication sequence for your carrier as documented in SmartFactory-Sortic and Communication.
All open ToDo's can be found in the documentation on the GitHub-Page
V 1.0 - Release BA FS19 - Luca Mazzoleni
MIT License


Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts.
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
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3500 Sq Ft 3 Beds 3.5 Baths 2 Garages
Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts.
“ She packed her seven versalia, put her initial into the belt and made herself on the way. When she reached the first hills of the Italic Mountains, she had a last view back on the skyline of her hometown Bookmarksgrove, the headline of. ”
“ Alphabet Village and the subline of her own road, the Line Lane. Pityful a rethoric question ran over her cheek, then she continued her way. She had a last view back on the skyline of her hometown Bookmarksgrove, the headline of. ”
“ The Big Oxmox advised her not to do so, because there were thousands of bad Commas, wild Question Marks and devious Semikoli, but the Little Blind Text didn’t listen. S he had a last view back on the skyline of her hometown Bookmarksgrove. ”
Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts.
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Know Properities news


Portfolio
A small role playing game. You'll be able to select a character and then fight the remaining defenders until they win or you win. The user's attack gains stretch with each attack.
View WebsiteA trivia game all about Eminem. Give it a try, its harder than you think! With this project I demonstrate the ability to user timeouts to allow the game to progress with no next button.
This project allows the user to search gifs. Initially they will have 15 different sports to choose from with the option to add any search term they want.
Alex and I created an website that solved the age old problem: Planning Road Trips is HARD!


| 077:023 Khan | : |
So We did measure, and We are the Best to measure (the things). |
| 077:023 Maulana | : |
So We determined -- how well are We at determining! |
| 077:023 Pickthal | : |
Thus We arranged. How excellent is Our arranging! |
| 077:023 Rashad | : |
We measured it precisely. We are the best designers. |
| 077:023 Sarwar | : |
Thus did We Plan and how excellent is Our planning! |
| 077:023 Shakir | : |
So We proportion it-- how well are We at proportioning (things). |
| 077:023 Sherali | : |
Thus did WE determine; and how excellent Determiner are WE ! |
| 077:023 Yusufali | : |
For We do determine (according to need); for We are the best to determine (things). |
Concepts/Themes Covered: أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > توحيد الله تعالي > صفات الله تعالى > القادر Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Oneness of Allah> His Glory's Characteristics> The Able أركان الإسلام > التوحيد > توحيد الله تعالي > وحدانيته Pillars of Islam> Islamic> Oneness of Allah> Singularity and Being Unique الإنسان والعلاقات الاجتماعية > الإنسان > خلقه Man and The Social Relations>Man>Being Created الإنسان والعلاقات الاجتماعية > المجتمعات > خلقهم من نفس واحدة Man and The Social Relations>The Societies>Their Creation from One Self
This tool uses eight English parallel translations for the Holy Quran imported from Mr. Clay Smith. You can also visit Qurany Concepts for browsing the Quran themes or topics. If you want to search the Holy Quran for keywords, please visit Qurany Keywords.


restSQL may be deployed in three modes: a Docker Container, a JEE Web Application and a Java library.
The project provides an already pre-packaged Docker image with a JDK, Tomcat and service binaries, optionally bundled with the SDK. The following diagram depicts an application using the HTTP API of the containerized service:
The Web Service is a standard JEE web application and can be deployed in your own JEE container, e.g. Apache Tomcat, WebLogic or JBoss. This WAR (Web application ARchive) mode exposes the HTTP API to the developer application:
The other deployment mode is known as the JAR (Java ARchive) mode and enables the developer to use the Java API. The following diagram depicts an application using the Java interface:
The following diagram depicts the layers of the software stack:
The framework is very extensible. The core API is a set of interfaces, exceptions and utilities. The implementation classes implement the core interfaces. Implementations are loaded through a factory utility. The factory is configured with the restSQL properties file. You can provide custom implementations and instruct the factory to use them by registering them in the restSQL properties file.
The The Framework Developer Guide (local raw or pretty) will help you kickstart. Contact the<EMAIL_ADDRESS>for more assistance.
Currently MySQL and PostgreSQL are supported out-of-the-box by restSQL. The most common customization is expected to be for other databases. This will likely require development effort, however, this will not be a full-on project. restSQL has provided default implementations that may be extended using the template method pattern or whose core behavior may be overriden if that is more appropriate. The factory utility provides you the opportunity to add database support without changing restSQL itself. (Of course you are most encouraged to contribute your additions to the project!). Additionally, there is an extensive test harness that will be used to ensure compliance.
In order for restSQL work its magic, it needs to introspect the data dictionary and observe database-specific SQL rules. The following differences in database engines affect restSQL:
ResultSetMetaData.getColumnName()
. A driver-specific call must be used to get the actual column name.
Based on the differences seen between MySQL and PostgreSQL, a new database will likely need a new
SqlResourceMetaData
implementation. The
AbstractSqlResourceMetaData
may be extended instead of starting from scratch. It uses a template method design pattern for assisting in limited extensions. Additionally, a new
SqlBuilder
implementation may be necessary, for example in adding support for pagination. The default
SqlBuilderImpl
may be extended rather than starting from scratch.
restSQL access may be encrypted, authenticated and authorized. restSQL provides resource authorization capability, ensuring users only access the SQL Resources and methods appropriate to their assigned role(s). restSQL provides a standard, maintainable role-based access approach to authorization. Role to SQL Resource and request type assignments (privileges) are provided via a simple configuration file.
In restSQL WAR mode, the JEE container provides encryption and authentication, as well as user to role assignments. The confidentiality of data and credentials in transport is defined in the restSQL Deployment Descriptor (web.xml). The transport can be coerced to HTTPS (HTTP over SSL/TLS). The credential can be encoded in HTTP Basic or Digest schemes. The container-provided realm is also defined in the Deployment Descriptor. The realm could be file-, RDBMS- or LDAP-based, providing both user credentials and mappings to roles. If a request passes realm authentication, the restSQL HTTP Service authorizes each SQL Resource request, forbidding those that are unauthorized.
In restSQL JAR mode, the app is responsible for authentication and user to role mapping and calls an
Authorizer
prior to executing SQL Resource requests.
Server-side input validation (data types, values, etc.) may be provided by application-provided, Java-based Triggers.
restSQL protects against SQL Injection with input parameter type checking and prepared statements for database access. The value portion of an SQL expression is set as a question mark (and with PostgreSQL a type case, e.g.
?::integer
) and a JDBC method setXxx() is called with the value. The database will process column values as values. Harmful execution statements cannot be injected into restSQL parameter values. Addtionally the framework now converts all String input parameter values for numeric and boolean column type to Inter, Long, Float, Double or Boolean. An exception is thrown if the value cannot be converted.
See Security for more detail.
Next Step: Concepts


Senior Data Engineer (Java and Python) - San Francisco, CA
Infostretch is seeking a Senior Data Engineer with hands on experience in Java and Python. This position is based in San Francisco, CA.
Job Responsibilities:
-
Contribute to the architecture, design and development of our Python and Java data workflow management platform
-
Design and develop tools to wrangle datasets of small and large volumes of data into cleaned, normalized, and enriched datasets
-
Work with the product group and data engineering to develop new functionality
-
Should have knowledge about OO Python and Java.
-
Experience working independently, or with minimal guidance
-
Experience with agile software development.
-
Strong problem solving and troubleshooting skills
-
Experience working with Distributed Systems design and implementation.
Positive points:
-
RDBMS SQL and NOSQL, structured and unstructured data.
-
Big data and cloud processing experience, e.g. HDFS, Spark
-
Experience working in a cloud-based environment, such as GCP or AWS
-
Experience with pandas and numpy
-
Proficiency in multiple programming languages
Education Qualification:
-
B.S. in computer science, software engineering, computer engineering, electrical engineering, or related area of study


LADYBIRD, LADYBIRD A film review by James Berardinelli Copyright 1995 James Berardinelli
RATING (0 TO 10): 8.9
U.S. Availability: limited release 12/94-2/95 Running Length: 1:42 MPAA Classification: No MPAA Rating (Language, violence, mature themes)
Starring: Crissy Rock, Vladimir Vega, Sandie Lavelle, Mauricic Venegas Director: Ken Loach Producer: Sally Hibbin Screenplay: Rita Munro Cinematography: Barry Ackroyd Music: George Fenton Released by the Samuel Goldwyn Company
"Ladybird, ladybird, fly away home!  - Childrens' nursery rhyme
Theoretically, the function of the social worker is to help families through difficulties. In Ken Loach's latest, LADYBIRD, LADYBIRD, it's shown that good intentions don't always have beneficial results. Loach's films (such as RIFF-RAFF and RAINING STONES) are always doped with social commentary, and this one is no different. Here, the villain is a process that places regulations over human interests, where a child becomes a pawn in a struggle between the State and the Mother.
In this case, the Mother is Maggie (Crissy Rock), a passionate and lively woman with four children--each from a different liaison. The latest's father, with whom Maggie is now living, is violently abusive. To get away from him, Maggie checks into a woman's shelter, but an accident there nearly causes her oldest child to die in a fire, and the social agencies take all four children into custody. Court appearances turn into bitter shouting matches, and Maggie's offspring are placed into foster care.
Meanwhile, Maggie has met Jorge (Vladimir Vega), a rare "good" man. He's a political refugee from Paraguay whose English visa has expired. But he remains as an illegal alien and takes a low-paying job in order to stay with Maggie. Together, the two have a child (her fifth; his first), but social workers have long memories and all it takes is one nasty word from a nosy neighbor to put Maggie's maternal fitness in question once more.
As powerful and stinging a story as LADYBIRD, LADYBIRD is (and it's based on real events), it's the performance of Crissy Rock that makes the film work. Rock, a standup comic with no previous acting experience, is incredible. Her high-voltage rendering of Maggie is so emotionally volatile that the movie becomes a draining experience to view. You don't just watch Maggie; you experience along with her--and what she's going through isn't the sort of thing that anyone wants to be a part of.
The questions raised by LADYBIRD, LADYBIRD are compelling, if not unique. Loach frequently uses film to examine the inadequacies of the British social system, and here we're forced to consider the issue of when a woman is truly incapable of raising a child. While there seems to be reasonable justification for taking Maggie's first four offspring, what happens thereafter illustrates the kind of capricious horror that can occur when those in power don't really understand a situation.
Often, LADYBIRD, LADYBIRD is brutally unpleasant. However, Loach has never been known for lightweight movies, and comparisons between his work and Mike Leigh's NAKED are well-deserved. Those disturbed by that picture are unlikely to feel comfortable during LADYBIRD--but comfort certainly isn't what the director was aiming for. In large part because of Rock's performance, this production becomes far more than a simple tale of one woman's fight to raise a family. Instead, it's an unforgettable portrait of human anguish and the price that any society must pay when its best intentions go awry.
-James Berardinelli<EMAIL_ADDRESS>.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


The ability to communicate findings while exploring and interpret data relies generally on the use of data visualizations. As data visualizations are now regularly encountered in the news and social media, knowing how to find insights and communicate data visualizations becomes as important as the ability to read and write text. DEV provides a learning environment for users to interact with 3 three interactive data visualizations for users to gain insights, normally hidden in static data visuals, and communicate those insights gained. Providing explorations that promotes richer discussions for the benefit of more meaningful understanding of data.
A chart with rectangular bars with lengths equal to the values that they represent. One axis of the chart shows the specific categories being compared, and the other axis represents a value. Bar charts provide a visual presentation of categorical data.
In descriptive statistics, a box-plot is a convenient way of graphically depicting groups of numerical data through their quartiles. A box plot displays median, higher/lower quartiles and maximum/minimum. Outliers may be plotted as individual points. The spacings between the different parts of the box indicate the degree of dispersion (spread) and skewness in the data, and show outliers.
A histogram is a chart that groups numeric data into bins, displaying the bins as divided columns. Histograms are used to depict the distribution of a dataset or how often values fall into ranges. The x-axis on histograms represents the bin the range of values, The y-axis represents then count how many values fall into each bin range.
The process is one of uncovering insights from data visuals to reveal stories that may be hidden in data. It is a structured approach for communicating data insights, and it involves elements of data, visuals, and narrative working together.


Flexhang1357.github.io
View and Download Oregon Scientific BAR800 user manual online. Slim Weather Box. BAR800 Weather Station pdf manual download. Also for: Bar800a. Oregon Scientific BAR800 Bedienungsanleitung herunterladen. OREGON SCIENTIFIC BAR800 USER MANUAL Pdf Download.


--- layout: post title: BlueDevil 1.0rc2 released categories: - KDE - Software Libre tags: [] status: publish type: post published: true meta: _edit_last: '2' _wp_old_slug: '' dsq_thread_id: '2226555081' author: login: afiestas email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: afiestas first_name: Àlex last_name: Fiestas ---
Hi there
As promised, we have released a new RC of BlueDevil.
Highlights:
Errata:
Take a look at the error list in: KDE Bugtrack
Also, this release is not ready to work on i18n, it is expected in RC3 or 4
Download:
The tarbal can be found here with md5: 9af87be2eeffe3b203a06232ef55bfb9
And git tag: git clone git://gitorious.org/bluedevil/bluedevil.git; git checkout v1.0-rc2
Please, test BlueDevil as much as possible so we can fix the majority of the bugs before the final release.
Next release: 2010/08/11 (next week).
Thanks!
=-=-=-=-=
Powered by Blogilo


Diana Ross, Cat Stevens and Christy Moore announced for final year of Cork's Live at the Marquee
Tickets are going on sale next week
by Cormac O'SheaDiana Ross is heading to Cork next summer for one night before she heads to Glastonbury.
The Motown legend will play Live at the Marquee on June 25, just days before she is to make an appearance at the UK's most famous festival.
Tickets for what is sure to be a huge occasion will go on sale at 9am on Monday, November 25, CorkBeo reports.
The 75-year-old, maybe best known for Chain Reaction, previously played at the venue 14 years ago in 2005.
In what could be the last year of Live at the Marquee as we know it, Cat Stevens, Christy Moore and the RTE Concert Orchestra plus Jenny Greene will all perform in June.
Tickets for Cat Stevens will go on sale at 9am on Tuesday, November 26 - while you can get your hands on tickets for Christy Moore on Wednesday, November 27 at 9am.
And finally, Jenny Greene and the RTE Concert Orchestra tickets will go on sale on the Thursday, November 28 - again from 9am.
Ticket prices for all the gigs are yet to be released but information should be made available in the coming days.
The Live at the Marquee series will end after 2020 as the site will be designated for homes.
Developers plan to start building on the docklands site at the end of next summer which will spell the end of the annual concerts.
Live at the Marquee has been running since 2005 which acts like Elton John, Lady Gaga and Bruce Springsteen all performing at the venue.
Glenveagh Properties, who own the site, plan to build up to 1,000 homes on the plot near the River Lee.
How to follow the Irish Mirror on social media
You can like our main Facebook page here.
Our Irish Mirror Sports page - which brings you all your Irish and UK sports news - can be found here.
You can also check out our Irish Mirror GAA sports page.
The Irish Mirror Twitter account is @IrishMirror while our sports account is @MirrorSportIE.
Our Instagram account can be found here.


Trading leveraged products carries a high degree of risk and you could lose more than your initial deposit. Any opinions, chats, messages, news, research, analyses, prices, or other information contained on this Website are provided as general market information for educational and entertainment purposes only, and do not constitute investment advice. The Website should not be relied upon as a substitute for extensive independent market research before making your actual trading decisions. Opinions, market data, recommendations or any other content is subject to change at any time without notice. we will not accept liability for any loss or damage, including without limitation any loss of profit, which may arise directly or indirectly from use of or reliance on such information. We do not recommend the use of technical analysis as a sole means of trading decisions. we do not recommend making hurried trading decisions.
You should always understand that PAST PERFORMANCE IS NOT NECESSARILY INDICATIVE OF FUTURE RESULTS.


§128D-2.6 Ecological risk assessor. The department may establish a permanent exempt position for an ecological risk assessor for the purpose of assessing ecological risks and damages. The position shall be appointed by the director without regard to chapter 76. [L 1999, c 211, §2; am L 2000, c 253, §150; am L 2015, c 185, §8]


Erik Stolterman, James Pierce
A paper from DIS in Newcastle 2012. Interviews with interaction designers to figure out how tools are chosen.


It is not yet implemented in demo mode, but you can install Autopolyfiller and try it yourself.
$ npm i autopolyfiller -g $ autopolyfiller js/**/*.js


51 children injured in chemical attack at China kindergarten
BEIJING: More than 50 people, mostly children, were injured by a man who broke into a kindergarten in southwest China and sprayed them with corrosive liquid, local authorities said Tuesday (Nov 12).
The suspect, a 23-year-old surnamed Kong, entered the kindergarten by climbing a wall before spraying victims with sodium hydroxide, said local authorities in Kaiyuan city, Yunnan province.
The attack took place on Monday at 3.35pm, authorities said on their Twitter-like Weibo account.
Some 51 children and three teachers were admitted to hospital for treatment, two with "severe symptoms".
Police arrested Kong less than an hour after the attack.
"Because his parents divorced during his childhood, the lack of family warmth resulted in psychological distortion," said local authorities, adding that Zhang's work and life were unsatisfactory as well.
All this created a "pessimistic mentality and thoughts about retaliating against society", they said.
Sodium hydroxide, also known as caustic soda, can irritate or burn the eyes and skin according to the United States' Centres for Disease Control and Prevention.
Violent attacks targeting schoolchildren are not uncommon in China, which has seen a slew of deadly incidents over the past few years - usually involving knives.
READ: 8 schoolchildren killed in China, suspect arrested - Official
In April last year, a 28-year-old man killed nine middle-school students as they were returning home in one of the country's deadliest knife attacks in recent years.
The killer, who said he had been bullied when he attended the school in northern China's Shaanxi province, was executed in September last year.

The 39-year-old assailant slashed students while they were returning to the classroom after morning exercises.


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public interface LeaseProvider<T>
The LeaseProvider
is used to issue a lease for a
named resource. This is effectively used to issue a request
for a keyed resource to be released when a lease has expired.
The use of a Lease
simplifies the interface to
the notification and also enables other objects to manage the
lease without any knowledge of the resource it represents.
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
void |
close()
This is used to close the lease provider such that all of the outstanding leases are canceled. |
Lease<T> |
lease(T key,
long duration,
java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit unit)
This method will issue a Lease object that
can be used to manage the release of a keyed resource. |
| Method Detail |
|---|
Lease<T> lease(T key, long duration, java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit unit)
Lease
object that
can be used to manage the release of a keyed resource. If
the lease duration expires before it is renewed then the
notification is sent, typically to a Cleaner
implementation, to signify that the resource should be
recovered. The issued lease can also be canceled.
key
- this is the key for the leased resourceduration
- this is the duration of the issued leaseunit
- this is the time unit to issue the lease with
void close()
lease
method
will result in null leases. Once the provider has been
closes all threads and other such resources are released.
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 I have used different technology stacks such as Python, PySpark, PyTorch, JAVA, JS, C#, SQL, Matlab. I occasionally participate in Kaggle competitions. In my spare time i like to travel and practice my Italian and French. I like to learn new things and always look for challenges.
PhD in Bioengineering and Robotics, 2019
Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia
MS in Speech Technology, 2014
Indian Institute of Technology Kharagpur
B.Tech in Electronics and Communication Engineering, 2009
Jalpaiguri Govt. Engg. College
5 years
1 year
1 year
3 years
1 year
8 years
Bengali, Hindi, Italian, French
Paper: PL-ILT: A web tool for creation of pronunciation lexicon in Indian languages.
Project Description: A web development tool to create comprehensive machine readable pronunciation lexicon for Indian languages.
Neural marker during conversation
Imitation in conversation


1st -- Cameron: 0.421245661 seconds 2nd -- Nathan: 0.430312773 seconds 3rd -- Tim: 0.4558627963 seconds 4th -- EJ: 0.520460446 seconds 5th -- Eric: 7.471550414 seconds 6th -- Frank: 11.00738213 seconds


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DigitalOwl
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Dto for poll question. More...
Properties | |
| int | Id [get, set] |
| Question Id in database. More... | |
| int | PollId [get, set] |
| Id of a poll that question belongs to. More... | |
| string | QuestionContent [get, set] |
| Question itself. More... | |
| IEnumerable< DtoPollAnswer > | QuestionAnswers [get, set] |
| Available answers for particular question. More... | |
| DateTime | TimeLimit [get, set] |
| Optional question time limit. More... | |
| int | Points [get, set] |
| Optional points available for More... | |
Dto for poll question.
Definition at line 9 of file DtoPollQuestion.cs.
|
getset |
Question Id in database.
Definition at line 14 of file DtoPollQuestion.cs.
|
getset |
Optional points available for
Definition at line 34 of file DtoPollQuestion.cs.
|
getset |
Id of a poll that question belongs to.
Definition at line 18 of file DtoPollQuestion.cs.
|
getset |
Available answers for particular question.
Definition at line 26 of file DtoPollQuestion.cs.
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getset |
Question itself.
Definition at line 22 of file DtoPollQuestion.cs.
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getset |
Optional question time limit.
Definition at line 30 of file DtoPollQuestion.cs.


Tales from the Scrum Bowl
Servant-Leadership in the Dual Role of ScrumMaster and Developer
An anecdote by Rob Friesel @founddrama
Rob Friesel
* played a bunch of diff roles at DDC over the years
* currently Sr. UI Developer
* originates 2001; Kent Beck, Bob Martin, Martin Fowler
* ...Jeff Sutherland
* emphasize: value on the left *over* the right
* (the right still has value, but isn't *as* valuable)
The many flavors...
* and others
* variations on these
* "covariates" (e.g., XP + Scrum)
* "just another way of doing business"
* j/k (sort of)
Agile at Dealer.com
* tell the story of Agile at DDC
* a little of what "They" told us
* and what it's been like "on the ground"
----
* after dabbling w/ "Agile" on a small scale for a couple years...
* ...co. decides to go all-in
* w/ Scrum
* and/but/so Scrum works OK w/ small teams
* but... what about something at enterprise scale?
* Scaled Agile Framework (SAFe)
* (look scary?)
* we'll just be focusing on the bottom row
* which anyway is basically just scrum
* but inside of this larger machine
focus on learning
* about ourselves
* about our customers
* about our products
focus on adapting
* (adapt != thrash)
* adapting == learning
* adapting == improving
focus on delivering value
* take that learning & adapting...
* ...and make better stuff
----
* b/c isn't that what everyone wants?
* "the business" & devs alike?
* and isn't that why co.s _really_ adopt scrum?
* to learn
* to get a better cadence
* ultimately: to be more profitable?

Team Member
(not a project manager)
* NOT a project manager
* embedded member of the team
* this is The Scrum Way
* and an important tenet of Scrum
Facilitate Scrum
* that's the SM's MAIN MISSION
* "That means..."
* promote the principle of "self-organization"
* facilitate the scrum ceremonies
(stand-up, retro, sprint review, sprint planning, &c.)
* UNBLOCK! (remove impediments)
* _retro retro retro_
(help the team to self-discover & improve)
Servant-Leadership
* ...and the point of facilitating scrum?
* to help guide the team through sprints
* a little bit coach, a little bit role model
Why be a ScrumMaster?
(...when you're already a developer?)
* TELL YOUR STORY
* started when Sean left
* ("Who is Sean?")
* for another team
* CHANGE! crisis? or opportunity?
1. seemed a good way to represent the team
(after all, these are guys I've worked with for years now)
2. recent projects had left me feeling...
- unfulfilled?
- under-utilized?
EXPECTATION:
"It's like maybe two hours per day."
REALITY:
Not at first.
* knew there'd be some transition
* wasn't prepared for the initial perspective shift required
* granted, it's not _necessarily_ a full-time thing
* but there's an (initial) investment to be made
EXPECTATION:
"Mornings for Scrum, afternoons for Dev."
REALITY:
Maybe on a good day.
* b/c that's how I naïvely thought this would be
* in the morning: do the stand-up, sum the board, unblock everyone and... done
* in the afternoon: head down on dev task
* reality was that being a successful SM meant allowing for interruptions
* b/c the team comes first
* and the only way to ensure that THEY maintain perspective
* is if you can allow them to focus & flow
* and/but/so *as* a member of the team
* (who is also a developer at heart)
* I want in on that flow too
* after all: I got into this game to build cool stuff too
* AND/BUT/SO on a good day that *was* the rhythm
* some days it was unavoidable
* (esp. around sprint boundaries)
* but that was certainly what I strove for
EXPECTATION:
There will be friction between two roles.
REALITY:
Some, but mostly in the beginning.
* not something I thought of at first
* question raised by our out-going SM
* one that I did not anticipate
* and/but there was definitely that friction
* esp. when there was work I wanted to do...
* ...but knowing that the SM work needed to come first
* b/c being entrenched in it: you start to see how valuable the SM work is
* e.g., going to another team and explaining how your team is blocked
* e.g., meeting a critical deadline by running interference on escalations
(or else handling it yourself)
It’s the equivalent of spending years counting the number of apples you picked each day, and changing to a job picking bananas, only to say to yourself at the end of each day, "I didn't pick any apples," handily ignoring the giant pile of bananas sitting next to you.
-- Fitzpatrick & Sussman, Team Geek (2012)
BUSINESS:
Elevated ScrumMastering
* this one from Ross
* esp. at beginning of Agile at DDC...
* ...almost every SM was a former TPM
* and whereas a TPM could manage multiple projects
(and thus across multiple teams)
* being a SM is more intense (b/c you're embedded in the team)
* so by taking that bold 1st step: demonstrated to more teams that it could be done
* ...to take SM'ing seriously
* ...and that you (yes, YOU) Mr. or Ms. Developer, could do it
* (i.e., more _capable_ SMs)
* EXAMPLE: at least 5 other technical people became SMs
BUSINESS:
Lose Less in Translation
* "Don't get me wrong..."
* TPMs have made careers of doing _exactly this_
& I've got the utmost respect for what they do
* and/but/so: in some fast-paced situations, having the SM _be_ technical is an advantage
* e.g., you already have the code checked out
* and/or you have the trust of the team
* ...and so when you are over with another team trying to unblock
* ...you can just make a call about what to do
(b/c you have some technical insight and you have the team's trust)
* EXAMPLE: somewhat frequently, we would escalate to SE
and I'd be able to _just tell them what they needed_
TEAM:
Has a Trusted Advocate
* 2 slides ago I was defending TPMs
* but let's admit it:
* even on the most healthy teams there's some friction b/w devs + PMs
* DDC did away w/ (T)PMs in favor of SMs when we "went Agile"
* but SM still fills a lot of the roles that TPMs historically did
* like creating the "artifacts"
* like coordinating w/ other teams ("unblocking")
* like being the one that gets called into this or that meeting
* and/but/so there's that historical friction w/ even the best TPM
* but when your SM is also a dev, it's a different relationship
(b/w the SM and the team)
* EXAMPLE: when representing them at meetings...
* ...they know that I'm able to (say...) defend the estimates
TEAM:
Learning Leadership
* so many leaders...
* Managers & Directors...
* Tech Leads & Architects
* Product Owners
* &c.
* but SM is a leader for _learning_
* SM is there not to push the team
* ...but to coach the team into high-performance
* you get to high-performance by...
* trying and failing
* failing and learning
* EXAMPLE: estimates!
* something we learned pretty early on in our Agile journey
* beginning: fine-grained tasks - "That should cover everything!"
* except: it never does (something is always missed)
* TO THE RETRO! part over-thinking; part sand-bagging?
* try it: _resist_ the urge to spell it out
* use higher-level tasks
* seemingly larger estimates
* ...but we wound up closer, and our velocity improved
PERSONALLY:
Top-Down for the Big Picture
* "to go way back"
* time as Support Manager
* time as Production Manager
* big picture was thrust upon me
* and/but - didn't feel ready for the responsibilities?
* as a dev = wind up task focused
* and/or project focused
* and/or story focused
* the point = not thinking at the level of "the business"
* SM role gave me a lot more exposure to other teams
* what they needed from us
* and vice versa
* EXAMPLE: this became an every day thing
* we would do stand up
* I would tally hours
* I would tally escalations
* I would go try to unblock
* ...and be the one field questions about "Can you unblock us...?"
* started to look at the business in a more holistic way
PERSONALLY:
More Confidence
* came directly out of looking at the business holistically
* when I had a chance to do dev work
* ...I felt more confident that I was working on THE RIGHT THINGS
* felt MORE AWARE of priorities
* had an EASIER TIME of separating the important from the urgent
* _started_ to master "The Art of the Positive No"
* (I'm still not _great_ at this, but I've gotten pretty good)
* e.g., listening, ack'ing, and explaining Why-Nots and Alternatives
* _some of that_ comes from the VISIBILITY that is one of the central tenets of Scrum
* SEEING the backlog on the wall every day
* SEEING the stories we're actively working on
* KNOWING that anyone else can come down and see the stories &c.
Where does the story end?
* SPOILER ALERT: after about 9 months...
...I got out of the SM game
* got out of it what I wanted
* felt it was time to return my focus to dev
* but: good career move
* new perspective on the business
* but it's that... "meta-learning"
* about how to relate _to_ the business
(and what it needs)
* a good _kind_ of leadership role to have


Greenstone
A unique, natural volcanic, metamorphic blend created to enrich soil and increase fertility and growth. It is carefully selected, tested, extracted and crushed from rare deposits in the Canadian Shield. It has over 70 essential minerals and trace elements required for healthy, strong crops. Greenstone is highly paramagnetic and has qualities that attract and repel soil particles which increase flocculation and respiration. This improves tilth and porosity of your soil and stimulates growth. Using Greenstone is a tried and tested way of creating ideal diverse soil conditions for quality yields. Apply anytime, 200-1000 lb per acre, or 40 lb per 1,000 sq. ft. For orchards 10-20 lb per tree, as an additive to potting soil 1-10 ratio, $19 (fine grind) or $17.50 (chips) for 40 lb pail
Tor Starter
An introductory Starter Mix for Vegetables, Fruit, Greenhouses, Orchards, Lawns and Golf Courses. A unique blend of volcanic and sedimentary paramagnetic complexes that offer true value with over 70 trace elements and minerals. Also has natural occurring amino acids and B vitamins. Apply Spring or Fall, 200-1000 lb per acre, or 40 lb per 1,000 sq. ft. For orchards 10-20 lb per tree, as an additive to potting soil 1-10 ratio, $21 for 40 lb pail
Gypsum+
A Calcium Sulphate Blend for Composting, Gardens, Flowers, Ginseng, and Trees of all species. Remedy Salt Damaged Walkways, Boulevards, Lawns and Contaminated Soil. Contains 76% pure calcium carbonate (with 20% available calcium), 15% sulphur, 6% silica, trace manganese, zinc and an assortment of trace elements. It works by enhancing the natural breakdown process which stabilizes the usable nutrients and elements. Adding Gypsum+ to manure reduces odors by locking up ammonia, turning carbonate of ammonia into odorless insoluble ammonium sulphate, which prevents leaching. Composting manure with Gypsum+ increases organic matter of static piles and fertility of lagoons. It also detoxifies chemical residuals in contaminated soil. Gypsum+ is an essential component for methionine production and other sulphur based amino acids such as taurine and cysteine. These aminos chelate lead and aluminum. Gypsum+ regulates potassium, magnesium and iron ratios. Control phosphorous and transform it into insoluble calcium hydroxysulphate with Gypsum+. Manage your soil pH with Gypsum+ and promote your nutrient availability the natural way. Apply to land early spring and fall 200-2000 lb per acre, or 200 lb (1:10 ratio) per ton of stockpile manure or to control odors in barns sprinkle at a 1:4 ratio, avoid gumming in compost piles 1:6 ratio. For lawns or gardens and golf courses, 35 lb per 1,000 sq. ft. in spring and fall $12.50 for 35 lb pail.
Crossroads
A Superb Calcium Soil Conditioner for Bulbs, start up Lawns, Gardens, Trees, Resodding and Golf Courses. Contains 4 calciums and paramagnetic limestone with a diverse mineral spectrum. Apply spring or fall 200-500 lb per acre, for lawns and gardens 40 lb per 1,200 sq. ft, 10 lb per tree, or as a feed supplement, at a ratio of 1:20, $22.50 for 40 lb pail.
Legacy
a Deluxe Full Spectrum Mineral Blend. For lawns, Gardens, Flowers, Ginseng or Trees of all species. Contains 4 calciums, sea vegetables, peat moss, silica and an impressive line-up of macro and micronutrients. Apply 200-1000 lb per acre in spring or autumn, after the leaves fall. Suggest 5-10 lb per tree, 1/2-1 lb per berry bush, for lawns or gardens and golf courses, 40 lb per 1500 sq. ft garden, $29 for 40 lb pail.
Tara’s Tarn
Works as Seed Inoculate and also Stimulates Exotic Mushrooms. Tara’s Tarn ingredients are extracted from one of the Earth’s primordial sea bottoms. When planting legumes or forages, dust seeds prior to drilling or broadcasting. For mushrooms, dust bed or logs. (mix 1 oz per lb of seed). $6 for 1oz or $50 for 10 lb pail.
Rama Rock
a Deluxe Greenhouse Houseplant Blend, ideal for flowers, herbs, sprouts, bonsai, tropicals and to enhance compost piles. $14 for 500 grams Nutrient Tea a Natural Solution that Enhances Growth for Lawns, Golf Courses, Trees, Shrubs, Hedges, Flowers, Fruit and all Garden Vegetables. Contains fish emulsion, lignin, orange oil, humates, sea nectar, vitamin C, copper sulphate and sugars with a pH level of 6. To treat lawns 3 oz per gallon of water covers 1000 sq. ft. Apply extra after mowing or to green up trouble spots from damage or drought. To avoid excessive winter burn, spray 2 weeks prior to freeze-up then add organic matter. Other uses include foliar misting, top dressing soil, presoak seeds or dip cuttings. Apply 1 gal per acre seasonally in quart applications every 3 weeks. $12.50 per litre, $36 per gal
Nature’s Nectar
a Soil Binder, Dust Suppressant and Erosion Deterrent, for Gardens, Fields, Golf Courses and Lawns. Natural Nectar is ideal for knitting sandy soil, composting, separating clay and dust control. Composed of humates, lignin, carbohydrates, vitamin C and orange oil, H302. Compliments the Krebs (series of biochemical reactions) and Ergs (energy released grams per second) cycles and provides natural water soluble cellulose. Spray 1-3 gal per acre. $7.50 litre, $25 per gal
Orange Blossom
a Natural Cleanser that prohibits pathogens. Ideal for Gardens, Fields, Lawns and Golf Courses, Vegetables, Fruits, Flowers, Forages and Berries. Orange Blossom is a citrus surfactant that has insecticidal properties which ward off certain caterpillars and soft shelled insects. It is a natural cleaner & carbon source disinfectant for soil. Spray on soil in spring and fall. 1 gal per acre @ $15 per gal
Black Gold
a Blend of Sphagnum Peat and Premium Compost. Absorbs ammonia and deodorizes the environment naturally. Ideal for Gardens, Resodding Lawns & Golf Courses, Trees, Shrubs, Hedges, Vegetables & Fruit. Improves compacted or sandy soil & has a low salt index. It is high in nutrients and humic acids and contains no pathogens. Compliments the ion exchange capacity. $5 for 35 lb
Krystar
a Natural Cold Processed Fructose that’s enzyme active. Ideal for Gardens, Fields, Lawns and Golf Courses. It promotes bacteria proliferation in the organic breakdown of residuals. Assists the carbon cycle. As a natural sugar it can also be used for diabetic jams, jellies and baking. Spray 6-8 oz per acre on fields or lawns $69 for 50 lb, $5 for 2 lb


--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/lean.20travis.20problems.html ---
https://travis-ci.org/leanprover/lean/jobs/359716662#L1465
lol
travis is a real headache at the minute, but it affects end users because if mathlib works with lean HEAD but travis doesn't like lean HEAD then the nightly doesn't appear, and then end users who use the nightlies (like me) on more than one machine (like me) find themselves in situations where the nightly on one machine is too old for some reason, but the canonical upgrade process ("upgrade to current lean nightly and mathlib head") doesn't work.
Is travis trying to be too clever? I would imagine that Leo / Sebastian don't usually commit versions of Lean which don't compile for them.
The failure is in the external smt2_interface package.
And it shouldn't affect nightlies (they are uploaded in another configuration)
Oh that's good :-)
Since the recent incident where I upgraded Lean using my usual process and found mathlib not compiling, I've tried to become more aware of what actually happens here. So travis can give a red X at https://github.com/leanprover/lean/commits/master after a new commit but the nightly might change anyway?
Note that 8 out of the last 10 commits have been given red X's. Usually I would not care, but recent events have made me more cautious.
or just use git
Note that 8 out of the last 10 commits have been given red X's.
That's a diplomatic way to say "none of the last 20 builds have been successful". :smile:
I know I can use git Kenny, I am more concerned with people like Chris, who really don't want to have to download a bunch of stuff onto their (possibly low-spec) machine so they can spend hours compiling Lean.
There's already a PR for smt2_interface, I'll merge it and then travis should be green again.
I hope I'm not nagging. I just saw the effects of travis failure recently and was hoping not to have to go through it again.  Imagine if all the software on your computer needed upgrading constantly and you had to build it from source.
not all softwares are beta
In practice I get people coming to Xena on Thursdays and they have managed to put their Lean in an unusable state and I just want to fix it with "download the nightly, use leanpkg upgrade/build, that's the end". This happened with Luca recently. He had edited a file in mathlib and then reverted his edits, but ended up with an olean file which did not match his lean file and this produced strange errors. We downloaded the nightly and fixed it really quickly. But with Chris more recently this approach did not work. Luca can't compile Lean from source without a huge amount of hassle.
@Kevin Buzzard The latest nightly is from Tuesday, did you expect a newer one?
@Sebastian Ullrich What is the recommended way to get nightlies in travis scripts these days (i.e. for mathib, etc.)?
@Gabriel Ebner I was just expressing concern about the recent red X's. I have not cared about them in the past, but then they bit me, so now I am more wary.
Basically I reported a lean assertion violation in the lean issues tracker, and then thought "hmm maybe I should upgrade to the latest nightly to check it's still there" and then I thought "but wait, there's a red X so there's a chance that upgrading will break mathlib, which is far more of a problem to me than anything else"
To be fair, mathlib is broken with the current nightly. (The unit_eq
lemma is gone.)
My algorithm for dealing with the fact that this is beta software is "upgrade to latest nightly iff it won't cause a problem with mathlib".
My current test for this is "are there any signs of red X's in the list of commits? If not, was the last mathlib commit some time after the last Lean commit? If so, upgrade!"
I would be happy to be told about better tests. Ideally I want to be able to do the tests without bothering anyone else, but I would rather fail in the sense that I didn't upgrade when upgrading was possible, because failing by upgrading and then finding mathlib doesn't compile hurts me more (it's harder to roll back).
Why is it hard to roll back? You can just download the previous nightly. If you haven't seen it yet: https://github.com/leanprover/lean-nightly/releases
It's hard to roll back because leanpkg upgrade
upgrades mathlib to HEAD
so I have to manually intervene and figure out which version of mathlib I had before and then switch to this commit.
and in the past I have not made a note of which commit I was switching from.
More generally, when students have done something dumb like editing mathlib files and they were using a nightly from 2 months ago, if the current nightly does not work then I have to decide which version of mathlib to checkout with which version of the nightly.
These are problems I actually see in practice.
I am well aware that this is software which is not quite "end-user ready" yet, but somehow I am just trying to give examples of the problems I see and am hoping that we are actually almost in a position to be able to solve them. I had not seen the nightly releases link -- thanks. I had heard talk about it but I hadn't really understood that it had happened.
If leanpkg could download the "approved mathlib commit" for each of the nightlies then this would be perfect. But maybe this is asking too much. I should however be able to download the nightly onto a student's machine, look at the commit #, and then guess an appropriate mathlib commit.
This is important because it means I don't need to compile Lean on a student's machine.
@Gabriel Ebner
@Sebastian Ullrich What is the recommended way to get nightlies in travis scripts these days (i.e. for mathib, etc.)?
I was planning to figure out a script that also correctly takes lean_version
into account, but at that point we're halfway to a proper leanget
application that would also be useful to end users...
@Gabriel Ebner I guess this works :)
curl -s https://api.github.com/repos/leanprover/lean-nightly/releases | jq -r '.[0].assets | map(select(.name | contains("linux"))) | .[0].browser_download_url'
I wonder if it works on a fresh OS X install?
why does the latest build fail?
@Mario Carneiro
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
ProxyToString
Test for the following bug:
4984948 Fiddler should implement toString() for various Fiddler proxies
This test starts a Fiddler implementation of the lookup discovery service,
retrieves an instance of each of the proxies affected by the above bug,
and invokes the
toString method on each of those proxies,
logging the result of each invocation. |
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
NPEOnNullHandback
This class verifies that when the fiddler implementation of the lookup
discovery service is configured for event debugging, and a registration
is requested with fiddler in which
null is input to the
the handback parameter, the debug mechanism employed by
fiddler can handle the null handback that arrives in events
sent to the registration's listener. |
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
GetLeaseDurationBound
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the bound value currently imposed on the lease
durations granted by the service.
|
class |
GetLogToSnapshotThreshold
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the value of the threshold applied in the computation
that compares the current size of the log containing the running record
of the service's persistent state with the potential size of a snapshot
of the current state.
|
class |
GetSnapshotWeight
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the value of the weight factor applied in the
computation that determines when the service should take a snapshot
of its persistent state.
|
class |
SetLeaseDurationBound
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully change the value of the bound imposed on the lease
durations granted by the service.
|
class |
SetLogToSnapshotThreshold
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully change the value of the threshold applied in the computation
that compares the current size of the log containing the running record
of the service's persistent state with the potential size of a snapshot
of the current state.
|
class |
SetSnapshotWeight
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully change the value of the weight factor applied in the
computation that determines when the service should take a snapshot
of its persistent state.
|
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
AddLookupAttributes
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of attributes to the its current set of
attributes.
|
class |
AddLookupAttributesNull
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully modify its current set of attributes.
|
class |
AddLookupAttributesSC
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of attributes to the its current set of
attributes.
|
class |
AddLookupGroups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of groups to the set of groups with which
it has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupGroupsAllToAll
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of groups to the set of groups with which it
has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupGroupsAllToFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of groups to the set of groups with which it
has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupGroupsDups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of groups to the set of groups with which it
has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupGroupsFiniteToAll
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of groups to the set of groups with which it
has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupGroupsFiniteToNone
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of groups to the set of groups with which it
has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupGroupsNoneToFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of groups to the set of groups with which it
has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupLocators
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of locators to the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupLocatorsDups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of locators to the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupLocatorsEmptyToFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of locators to the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupLocatorsFiniteToEmpty
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of locators to the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
AddLookupLocatorsNullToFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully add a new set of locators to the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupAttributes
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the attributes with which it is currently configured.
|
class |
GetLookupGroups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the groups with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupGroupsAll
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the groups with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupGroupsAllFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the groups with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupGroupsDups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the groups with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupGroupsNone
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the groups with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupGroupsNoneFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the groups with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupGroupsPublic
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the groups with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupLocators
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the locators with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
GetLookupLocatorsDups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the locators with which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
ModifyLookupAttributes
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully modify its current set of attributes.
|
class |
ModifyLookupAttributesDeleteAll
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully modify its current set of attributes.
|
class |
ModifyLookupAttributesDeleteOne
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully modify its current set of attributes.
|
class |
ModifyLookupAttributesNullInput
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully modify its current set of attributes.
|
class |
ModifyLookupAttributesNullTmpl
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully modify its current set of attributes.
|
class |
ModifyLookupAttributesSC
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully modify its current set of attributes.
|
class |
RemoveLookupGroups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of groups from the set of groups with which
it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupGroupsAllFromAll
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of groups from the set of groups with which
it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupGroupsAllFromFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of groups from the set of groups with which
it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupGroupsDups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of groups from the set of groups with which
it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupGroupsFiniteFromAll
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of groups from the set of groups with which
it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupGroupsFiniteFromNone
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of groups from the set of groups with which
it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupGroupsNoneFromFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of groups from the set of groups with which
it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupLocators
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of locators from the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupLocatorsDups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of locators from the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupLocatorsEmptyFromFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of locators from the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupLocatorsFiniteFromEmpty
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of locators from the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
RemoveLookupLocatorsNullFromFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully remove a set of locators from the set of locators with
which it has been configured to join.
|
class |
SetLookupGroups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace the set of groups with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of groups.
|
class |
SetLookupGroupsAllToFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace the set of groups with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of groups.
|
class |
SetLookupGroupsDups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace the set of groups with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of groups.
|
class |
SetLookupGroupsFiniteToAll
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace the set of groups with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of groups.
|
class |
SetLookupGroupsFiniteToNone
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace the set of groups with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of groups.
|
class |
SetLookupGroupsNoneToFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace the set of groups with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of groups.
|
class |
SetLookupLocators
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace set of locators with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of locators.
|
class |
SetLookupLocatorsDups
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace set of locators with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of locators.
|
class |
SetLookupLocatorsEmptyToFinite
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace set of locators with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of locators.
|
class |
SetLookupLocatorsFiniteToEmpty
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace set of locators with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of locators.
|
class |
SetLookupLocatorsFiniteToNull
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully replace set of locators with which it has been configured
to join with a new set of locators.
|
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
GetStorageLocation
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully return the location in which the service currently stores
its persistent state.
|
class |
SetStorageLocation
This class determines whether or not the lookup discovery service can
successfully change the location in which the service currently stores
its persistent state.
|
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
AddLocatorsFullyQualified
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
DiscardUnreachable
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
Discovered
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
DiscoveredAll
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
LateRegsNotifiedGroups
This class verifies that, upon registration, so-called "late-joiner"
registrations that request discovery of groups that have already been
discovered for other registration(s) will receive notification of all
of those previously discovered lookup services.
|
class |
LateRegsNotifiedLocs
This class verifies that, upon registration, so-called "late-joiner"
registrations that request discovery of locators that have already been
discovered for other registration(s) will receive notification of all
of those previously discovered lookup services.
|
class |
LateRegsNotifiedOn2SetGroups
This class verifies that when the
setGroups method is called
more than once to configure/re-configure a "late-joiner" registration
for various groups of interest, the lookup discovery service sends to
that registration's listener, the appropriate remote discovery and discard
events. |
class |
LateRegsNotifiedOn2SetLocs
This class verifies that when the
setLocators method is called
more than once to configure/re-configure a "late-joiner" registration
for various locators of interest, the lookup discovery service sends to
that registration's listener, the appropriate remote discovery and discard
events. |
class |
LateRegsNotifiedOnAddGroups
This class verifies that when the
addGroups method is used
to add already-discovered groups to a "late-joiner" registration, the
lookup discovery service sends the appropriate remote discovery events
to that registration's listener. |
class |
LateRegsNotifiedOnAddLocs
This class verifies that when the
addLocators method is used
to add already-discovered locators to a "late-joiner" registration, the
lookup discovery service sends the appropriate remote discovery events
to that registration's listener. |
class |
LateRegsNotifiedOnSetGroups
This class verifies that when the
setGroups method, rather
than the register method, is used to configure a "late-joiner"
registration with its desired groups, the lookup discovery service sends
the appropriate remote discovery events to that registration's listener. |
class |
LateRegsNotifiedOnSetLocs
This class verifies that when the
setLocators method, rather
than the register method, is used to configure a "late-joiner"
registration with its desired locators, the lookup discovery service sends
the appropriate remote discovery events to that registration's listener. |
class |
MulticastMonitorStop
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
MulticastMonitorTerminate
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
RegsNotifiedOnRemoveGroups
This class verifies that when the
removeGroups method is used
to remove already-discovered groups from a number of registrations at
different times, the lookup discovery service sends the appropriate remote
discard events to the listener of each such registration. |
class |
RegsNotifiedOnRemoveLocs
This class verifies that when the
removeLocators method is used
to remove already-discovered locators from a number of registrations at
different times, the lookup discovery service sends the appropriate remote
discard events to the listener of each such registration. |
class |
RemoveGroupsAll
With respect to the
removeGroups method, this class verifies
that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner consistent with the
specification. |
class |
RemoveGroupsSome
With respect to the
removeGroups method, this class verifies
that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner consistent with the
specification. |
class |
RemoveLocatorsAll
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
RemoveLocatorsFullyQualified
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a
manner consistent with the specification.
|
class |
RemoveLocatorsSome
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
SetGroupsReplaceAll
With respect to the
setGroups method, this class verifies
that the LookupDiscoveryManager utility operates in a manner
consistent with the specification. |
class |
SetGroupsReplaceSome
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
SetLocatorsFullyQualified
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
SetLocatorsReplaceAll
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
SetLocatorsReplaceSome
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
class |
SetLocatorsToNone
This class verifies that the lookup discovery service operates in a manner
consistent with the specification.
|
| Modifier and Type | Class and Description |
|---|---|
class |
CancelLease
This class determines if the lookup discovery service can, when requested
by a registered client, successfully cancel the lease the service granted
on the registration object through which the client requests the
cancellation.
|
class |
CancelLeaseMap
This class determines if the lookup discovery service can, when requested
by a registered client, successfully cancel through a single method
invocation a set of "batchable" leases the service granted on a set
of registrations held by the client.
|
class |
LeaseExpiration
This class determines if, when a client's lease on a registration with the
lookup discovery service expires, the resource provided by the lookup
discovery service (through the registration) are no longer available
to the client.
|
class |
RenewLease
This class determines if the lookup discovery service can, when requested
by a registered client, successfully renew the lease the service granted
on the registration object through which the client requests the renewal.
|
class |
RenewLeaseMap
This class determines if the lookup discovery service can, when requested
by a registered client, successfully renew through a single method
invocation a set of "batchable" leases the service granted on a set
of registrations held by the client.
|
Copyright 2007-2013, multiple authors.
Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0, see the NOTICE file for attributions.


Expected a '}'. If you have one, try a ; or \n in front of it.
#!/bin/bash
bar() { echo "hello world" }
#!/bin/bash
bar() { echo "hello world";}
}
is only recognized as the end of a command group when it's a separate token.
If it's not a separate token, like in the problematic example, it will be considered a literal character, as if writing echo "foo}"
with quotes, and therefore usually cause a syntax error.


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| DOSE: |
16 tablets |
oral |
DXM |
(pill / tablet) |
[Erowid Warning: Most Coricidin contains CPM (Chlorpheniramine Maleate) which can be dangerous in high doses. See DXM Brand Warnings for more info.]
Alright. The day of my trip was a stressful one. I had been at work for about 10 hours washing dishes. I came home and my grandparents sat me down and gave me a talk about how I was spending my own money and not saving it up for college. They really put me on a guilt trip and told me that I should stay home and not go out with my friends, as was my usual agenda after work. I told them that I had to and they finally let me go. In previous days my friends and I had decided we were going to do either mushrooms or Coricidin. We weren't able to get our hands on any mushrooms, so we went to the store and picked up a couple boxes of coricidin. We were really excited about this, but I still had my mind on the talk I had gotten earlier.
Now this is where it all started to assemble. We went and picked up A, B, and C. C was an on the whim friend who had become available to us. We had to get more, but apparently this is a popular experience, and we weren't able to find any more boxes of cough and cold. C had picked up a box of Chest Congestion, which I had heard causes side effects, so we made it a point to find another box of cough and cold. After that we figured that it would be a good idea to go up into the nearby foothills and trip there, so we went and got some camping gear. We loaded up our vehicles and started up the foothills.
At this time it was about 11 PM. We stopped at an overlook, and swallowed our pills. I took 16. My friends took 16 each and then A and B took 2 more each. This was about halfway to the place we were intending to go. At this point, I had started to forget about my previous family problems and decided that I wasn't going to let it get to me. I am an open person and I keep myself on the happy side almost constantly. I was excited along with my friends to be together and trip up in the foothills. B and I had been up here before, and thought it would be a great place to do psychedelic drugs. We continued up the hills (now turning into mountains) and finally reached the spot we were searching for at about 11:30 PM.
We set up our mini camp, which included folding chairs, blankets on the bare ground, and the blanketed open back of an Isuzu Rodeo. The view of the city miles below was an amazing sight in itself. I was really looking forward to seeing it later on.
At around 11:45 PM we were all growing impatient, because we weren't feeling anything. A, B, and C decided to take two each of the chest congestion pills to try to make it kick in faster for some reason. I didnít take any. Then at 12 PM, we all started noticing the effects. We had heard that there is a test to see whether you are feeling it or not that involves jumping, and we were all surely feeling it because the reaction after hitting the ground felt as if I didn't actually fully hit the ground all the way.
As we were climbing the ladder to peaking, we all started to develop heavy breathing patterns. Our bodies were feeling the effects. After about 10 minutes of heavy breathing, we all started to get massive amounts of energy spikes running through our bodies. A and I started running and jumping around, and that is when we all discovered our robo-walks. A's walk was a kind of shuffle, as though he didn't have the leg room to fully extend his legs. I discovered that mine wasnít about my legs, it was my whole body. My shoulders bunched up, and I hunched down with my arms looking like that of a raptor or some other bipedal dinosaur. B's walk was the strangest one. In his mind, he saw the ground as being higher up than it actually was, so when he stepped, he expected his foot to hit earlier than it did, so he had a kind of stagger going. C's walk was a simple squatting walk. It was kind of creepy.
After this, time disintegrated completely. We were lost in a state of time that didn't actually exist, and we were happy to not have to worry about the pressures of time at all. We discovered teleporting. A and I would run as fast as we could with no sense of our feet hitting the ground or the distance we traveled. We would stop, look around, and notice that we were a long way from where we started, and it felt like the journey was almost instantaneous.
After we calmed down a little (still frying intensely), we decided to put on some music. As we were listening to the music, we all just sat there listening. We didn't talk, we just sat and enjoyed our trips, knowing that each of the others was on the same drug and experiencing similar feelings. It was like we were almost liked to each other, sensing everyone's breathing, knowing when the others had felt something poke through the normal blanket of joy.
As we were sitting there listening to music (it was psytrance, the best to listen to while on psychedelics IMHO), B started describing the closed eye visions he was seeing. He started describing an almost out of body experience, visiting other places that he had been, watching over people that he knew and cared about. It made him very happy to see them and it compounded the effects of the drug. He vividly described the places he had been, down to minute details. We were all overjoyed to hear this because it just gave us things to think about while frying.
The music died due to lack of batteries. Then I noticed the lights of the city. It's interesting to see all the lights and think about why all those lights are still on at 2 AM (which I am making an educated guess about). I started thinking about the people still up in those places; what they were doing; if anyone was feeling the joy I was feeling at that moment. I couldn't concentrate on the moon, which was very full that night. My vision would shift constantly if I tried to concentrate on one thing.
After sitting for a long time enjoying the fry some more, C and I started to come down; slowly, but we could feel it. We broke out some glow sticks and started playing with those. The tracers were beautiful. They created shapes that looked like neon signs, and as I thought about that I thought that since they looked like signs, they were trying to tell me something. I got lost in these thoughts, thinking that I could never figure out the mystery of the signs.
Time was still distorted. It was slowly coming back, and I was fine with that. I was happy the whole trip. I had forgotten completely about my problems, and enjoyed every minute it. DMX gave me a very energetic trip, but it was an optional thing. I could be energetic if I wanted to, but at the same time, I could just sit there and not do anything; let my mind wander and learn from itself. This trip was one of the best trips I've had, but I think it belongs in its own category. It was a different trip than mushrooms, but it was very fun. I was glad that I did it because it gave me a good outlook on my problems with my family. It gave me something to remember when I was in hard times after that.
At around 6 AM, we all decided to try to get some sleep since we were all very tired from the trip. All of us were still frying to some degree. I donít quite know if I was actually asleep. I dreamed, but it could have just been closed eye visuals. The others said the same thing. No one knew if they had slept at all.
Now I had a great time with this drug, and I came down and was fine the next day. A and B werenít so lucky. They told me that their trip lasted about a week total. It slowly decreased until they felt normal again, but they kept getting waves. It seemed like that was how it felt the whole time I was frying, but I didnít get any after effects. Their movements were still a little jolty, and they had a few other barely noticeably symptoms like twitching and a small body high. We believe these were the lasting effects of the chest congestion pills they took right before the initial fry. They said that it wasnít that they didnít like it, but they just were worried that it wasnít going to end. They were getting tired of the symptoms, and wanted to know that they would return to normal eventually.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


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I started school in the year 2003.In 2003,I joined Peace Junior Academy.It is here that i studied upto class two then later on went to Kongoni primary in south c,in Kongoni i studied upto class six then later on transferred to Ayany primary in Kibera where i sat for my Kenya Certificate of Primary Education in 2012. Afterwards I joined Eluuya Girls High school in Western.This was a journey indeed!I managed to study there for my four year course of high school completement in 2016.
Ever since in high school I decided to choose Computer studies as a subject since it was an optional subject.As time went by I realized my undying passion about technology in general.In form three there was a topic about programming though it was not that widely explained but I had alot of interest in knowing more about programming.After my comlpletion in high school,i wanted to go to a school that offers programming course but I did not have the funds to do that.Later on,Shofco reffered me to Moringa school and thankfully I got a chance to study there.Programming has alot of benefits,you can get a really nice job after comlpletion of the course and the pay is quite encouraging and then you get to gain more skills in relation to the field.


2. Connect to Fink alert streams¶
This second tutorial details how to connect to Fink streams, receive alerts, store them and explore them. It is recommended to play this tutorial from a Python script (Jupyter notebook, or an interactive Python session will work as well but streaming makes things quickly messy!).
2.1. Streaming at the era of big data¶
There are various ways of sending and receiving alerts. Usually, the astronomy community would use VOEvents and the VOEvent Transport Protocol to communicate. While these are widely spread in our communities, they are not really scalable for LSST (or even ZTF) stream size: 10 million alerts per night, or ~1TB/night. Hence LSST (and ZTF) decided instead to use Apache Avro to serialise the data (instead of VOEvent) and Apache Kafka for the transport (instead of VTP). Avro and Kafka are widely spread in the big data community, and they are used in contexts where millions of messages need to be sent and received, with thousands of subscribers and low latencies. Perfect for us!
Note that in Fink, we go even beyond by interfacing Apache Kafka (distributed streaming) with Apache Spark (distributed computation), and we deploy Fink in the cloud to get a fully distributed and scalable end-to-end treatment of the alerts. This is the first to-date in time-domain astronomy, and it was featured in the Spark Summit 2019 (2000+ participants)! But do not be scared, this is completely hidden from a downstream user perspective.
2.2. What is a filter, a topic?¶
Each night, telescopes are sending raw alerts and the broker enriches these alerts by adding new information (e.g. close-by galaxies, stars known from catalogues, or classification scores) to identify interesting candidates for follow-up observations or further scientific processing. The raw stream volume is huge, and each user might want to focus only on a subset of the stream (e.g. only transients that have a high probability to be a supernova). Hence the output of the broker contains filters that flag only particular parts of the stream to be distributed.
Each stream subset from a particular filter is identified by a topic (act as an ID). This stream can be accessed by querying Fink using its topic name, and several users can poll the data from the same topic. Note that filters reduce the number of events in the stream, however each of these events have their complete information (i.e. you will receive the full information of alerts distributed).
In this tutorial, we will connect to an existing Fink outgoing stream, and in the next tutorial you will see how to build your own filter.
2.3. Connecting to Fink streams using fink_client¶
Anyone can connect to Fink outgoing stream using fink_client. It should be installed following the procedure explained in the index page.
2.3.1. Credentials and configuration¶
Anyone can connect to Fink stream, but we want to know who is connecting and how many simultaneous connections we have. This is mainly to size our cluster and network infrastructure. We typically have a (shared) 10 Gbps connection available, which allows us to deliver to simultaneously a hundred of users with small size streams.
Hence users interested to use Fink streams must contact Anais, Emille or Julien and specify:
- Quickly the reasons for using Fink (no need for pages!)
- Your username
- The topic(s) you want to subscribe to.
Contact Fink, or subscribe at this link to get your credentials. Once you have added, edit the fink_client/fink_client_conf.py
with your username, password (given) and group ID (given):
# template in fink_client/fink_client_conf.py
username = "mygreatusername"
password = "myimpossibletoremindpassword"
group_id = "agroup"
And declare the topics you are interested in:
# List of topic names you subscribed to
mytopics = ["mysupertopic"]
For this tutorial, you have been added to the Kafka cluster, and all fields will be given. Then you need to specify the connection to the cluster:
# Servers from which data will be pulled
servers = "IP:PORT,"
and the full path to the schemas:
# Incoming alert schema to decode the data. You need to specify full path.
# If empty, the client will attempt to download the online latest version.
schema = "/path/to/fink-client/schemas/distribution_schema_0p2-live.avsc"
Finally, a gentle reminder… ;-)
WARNING: do not share these information publicly!
With our configuration, we are now ready to listen Fink streams! There are mainly two ways: either you use the API or the CLI.
2.3.2. Connect to Fink stream (API)¶
Let’s open a python script (or a jupyter notebook) called poll_single_alert.py
and instantiate a consumer:
from fink_client.consumer import AlertConsumer
import fink_client.fink_client_conf as fcc
myconfig = {
"username": fcc.username,
'bootstrap.servers': fcc.servers,
'group_id': fcc.group_id}
if fcc.password is not None:
myconfig['password'] = fcc.password
# Instantiate a consumer
consumer = AlertConsumer(fcc.mytopics, myconfig, schema=fcc.schema)
This consumer has opened a connection between you and Fink. Let’s try to poll an alert:
topic, alert = consumer.poll(fcc.maxtimeout)
if topic is not None:
print("-" * 65)
row = [
alert['timestamp'], topic, alert['objectId'],
alert['cdsxmatch'], alert['rfscore']
]
print("{:<25}|{:<10}|{:<15}|{:<10}|{:<5}|".format(*row))
else:
print('No alerts received in the last {} seconds'.format(fcc.maxtimeout))
Make sure you close the connection:
consumer.close()
Execute this script (python poll_single_alert.py
) until you get your first alert!
No alerts the last 10 seconds
...
-----------------------------------------------------------------
2020-01-07 11:01:34.515 |snialike |ZTF19abuhlxk |Unknown |0.593|
If you want to query a new alert rerun this command. Note that in practice, instead of re-running the script, you can use an infinite loop or the consume
method in the AlertConsumer
class. I encourage you to explore the AlertConsumer
API!
Note that each Fink filter starts from the full stream. This means if an alert is flagged by several Fink filters, it will appear simultaneously in different topics and you might get multiple copies of the same data.
Exercise 1: Update the poll_single_alert.py
to automatically plot the cutouts and lightcurve contained in coming alerts (hint: go back to the first tutorial).
Exercise 2: The poll_single_alert.py
script consumes incoming alerts, but alerts are are not saved (hence they are lost). Modify the script to save incoming alerts on disk to process them later (hint: look at fink_client.avroUtils.poll_and_write
).
Exercise 3: The topic snialike
redirects alerts that are candidates for supernovae, but the associated Fink filter is rather permissive. Upon receival, you could also flag alerts based on other properties. Modify poll_single_alert.py
to reject alerts that are too close to known Solar System Objects.
Note: You will find all solutions to the previous exercises under solutions/
in the tutorial repository.
2.3.3. Connect to Fink stream (CLI)¶
fink_client
exposes the program bin/fink_consumer
that listen forever to Fink streams (a version of poll_single_alert.py
with infinite loop):
fink_consumer -h
usage: fink_consumer [-h] [-config CONFIG] [--display] [--save]
[-outdir OUTDIR]
Kafka consumer to listen and archive Fink streams
optional arguments:
-h, --help show this help message and exit
-config CONFIG Path to your Fink configuration file.
--display If specified, print on screen information about incoming
alert.
--save If specified, save alert data on disk (Avro). See also
-outdir.
-outdir OUTDIR Folder to store incoming alerts if --save is set. It must
exist.
For example, to listen and store each incoming alert, you would use:
# tmpdir/ must exist
fink_consumer \
-config fink_client/fink_client_conf.py \
--display \
--save \
-outdir tmpdir/