Addressing Sample Preparation and Throughput Challenges in Mass Spectrometry
by Dan BlakeWho's speaking at this Webinar?
This webinar will focus on how advanced technologies from SCIEX, both within the mass spectrometer itself and companion technologies at the front end of analysis, can be used to address today’s common analytical problems of sample throughput, ease of extraction and matrix interferences.
Emphasis will be placed on microflow chromatography, ion mobility separations and linear ion trap (QTRAP) technologies. Attendees will discover how these technologies assist with real-world analytical challenges, facilitating ease of use and simplicity of workflow advancements in the modern clinical laboratory.
Key learning objectives:
- Sample preparation and matrix interference issues, and how they manifest
- Chromatography and throughput issues and how they manifest
- Theory and applications of microflow chromatography, ion mobility and QTRAP technologies


Chapter 8. Advanced Disk Cache Topics
Performance is one of the biggest concerns for Squid administrators.
As the load placed on Squid increases, disk I/O is typically the
primary bottleneck. The reason for this performance limitation is due
to the importance that Unix filesystems place on consistency after a
system crash.
By default, Squid uses a relatively simple storage scheme
(ufs). All disk I/O is performed by the main
Squid process. With traditional Unix filesystems, certain operations
always block the calling process. For example, calling
open( ) on the Unix Fast Filesystem (UFS) causes
the operating system to allocate and initialize certain on-disk data
structures. The system call doesn't return until
these I/O operations complete, which may take longer than
you'd like if the disks are already busy with other
tasks.
Under heavy load, these filesystem operations can block the Squid
process for small, but significant, amounts of time. The point at
which the filesystem becomes a bottleneck depends on many different
factors, including:
The number of disk drives The rotational speed and seek time of your hard drives The type of disk drive interface (ATA, SCSI) Filesystem tuning options The number of files and percentage of free space
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Apache Geode is a data management platform that provides real-time, consistent access to data-intensive applications throughout widely distributed cloud architectures.
Geode pools memory, CPU, network resources, and optionally local disk across multiple processes to manage application objects and behavior. It uses dynamic replication and data partitioning techniques to implement high availability, improved performance, scalability, and fault tolerance. In addition to being a distributed data container, Geode is an in-memory data management system that provides reliable asynchronous event notifications and guaranteed message delivery.
Main Concepts and Components
Caches are an abstraction that describe a node in a Geode distributed system. Application architects can arrange these nodes in peer-to-peer or client/server topologies.
Within each cache, you define data regions. Data regions are analogous to tables in a relational database and manage data in a distributed fashion as name/value pairs. A replicated region stores identical copies of the data on each cache member of a distributed system. A partitioned region spreads the data among cache members. After the system is configured, client applications can access the distributed data in regions without knowledge of the underlying system architecture. You can define listeners to create notifications about when data has changed, and you can define expiration criteria to delete obsolete data in a region.
For large production systems, Geode provides locators. Locators provide both discovery and load balancing services. You configure clients with a list of locator services and the locators maintain a dynamic list of member servers. By default, Geode clients and servers use port 40404 to discover each other.
For more information on product features, see Main Features of Apache Geode.


Gujarat High Court Case Information System Print SCA/5842/2011 2/ 2 ORDER IN THE HIGH COURT OF GUJARAT AT AHMEDABAD SPECIAL CIVIL APPLICATION No. 5842 of 2011 ================================================= PEPSICO INDIA HOLDINGS PVT LTD Versus GUJARAT POLLUTION CONTROL BOARD & OTHERS ================================================= Appearance : Mr Mihir Joshi, Sr Advocate for M/s SINGHI & CO for Petitioner(s) : 1, None for Respondent(s) : 1 - 4. ================================================= CORAM : HONOURABLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE MR. S.J. MUKHOPADHAYA and HONOURABLE MR.JUSTICE J.B.PARDIWALA Date : 03/05/2011 ORAL ORDER
(Per : HONOURABLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE MR. S.J. MUKHOPADHAYA) A writ petition, Special Civil Application No.4830 of 2011 was preferred by the petitioner against order dated 8th April 2011 passed by the respondent - Gujarat Pollution Control Board under Section 33A of the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, whereby the petitioner's manufacturing unit at Plot No.27, GIDC Estate, Jhagadia, District Bharuch was directed to be closed and it was ordered to disconnect electricity and water connection with immediate effect.
When the matter was taken up on 20th April 2011, learned Senior Counsel informed that the Gujarat Pollution Control Board in the meantime stayed the impugned order by order dated 9th April 2011. Taking into consideration the aforesaid fact, the Court permitted the writ petitioner to withdraw the case with the following observations:
"It is expected that the Gujarat Pollution Control Board will reconsider the matter and will pass appropriate order. In case of any adverse decision, they shall pass a reasoned order."
The period of stay thereafter having not extended, again the writ petition has been preferred with similar relief as was prayed in earlier case. Today, when the matter is taken up, learned counsel for the petitioner submits that the Gujarat Pollution Control Board has again extended the stay for a period of 3 months by order dated 2nd May 2011, a copy of which has been produced before this Court. In the circumstances, no further order is required to be passed. As was observed earlier that the Gujarat Pollution Control Board is expected to take a final decision in the matter, we direct them to take such decision and pass a reasoned order within three months. However, if any adverse decision is taken or stay is vacated, it will be open for the petitioner to move this Court for appropriate relief. The writ Petition stands disposed of with aforesaid observation.
(S.J. Mukhopadhaya, CJ.) (J.B.Pardiwala, J.) *mohd Top


THE BEGINNING
In 1995, some practitioners came together in Lagos with the vision of having a professional body that would breed a new generation of facility managers, this led to the birth of IFMA Nigeria Chapter. Since inception, the desire of the Association to provide Nigeria with the opportunity of developing a vibrant maintenance culture which will help shape the future of the country.
Subscribing to Mobil’s cliché that it ‘’takes courageous leadership to admit that we must improve our quality’’ these multi-disciplined professionals in Mobil, Chevron and others propose setting up our quality improvement goals aimed at bringing the international standards of facility management to bear on maintenance of infrastructure in Nigeria.
WHY JOIN IFMA
- IFMA Provide superior facility-related education, information and interaction.
- Create greater awareness and recognition for facility management.
- Guide the growth of the facility management industry.
- Work with government authorities to improve the environment.
IFMA membership is open to anyone actively engaged in the application, practice, teaching and researching of facility management, its principles and techniques.
Council Members
Magnam dolores commodi suscipit. Necessitatibus eius consequatur ex aliquid fuga eum quidem. Sit sint consectetur velit. Quisquam quos quisquam cupiditate. Et nemo qui impedit suscipit alias ea. Quia fugiat sit in iste officiis commodi quidem hic quas.
MRS. ABIMBOLA OLUSEGUN-ADAMOLEKUN
PRESIDENTMR. SEGUN ADEBAYO
VICE PRESIDENTENGR. SHERIFF DARAMOLA
GENERAL SECRETARYMR. OLALEKAN AKINWUMI
TREASURERMR. SOLA FATOKI
LEGAL ADVISERENGR. PIUS IWUNDU
IMMEDIATE PAST PRESIDENTMR. TUNJI OKESOLA
PAST PRESIDENTMISS. IYABO ABOABA
PAST PRESIDENTENGR. ANTHONY EZEAKU
PAST RESIDENTENGR. E.O. SOETAN
PAST PRESIDENTMR. STEPHEN .O. JAGUN
PAST PRESIDENTOur Achievements
IFMA is the world's largest and most widely recognized international association for facility management professionals, supporting 24,000 members in more than 100 countries. Over 3,500 Certified Facility Managers have been designated through IFMA Nigeria’s certification program


ERC865
Example Truffle Dapp
Your Ethereum Address is
You have
Wei
You have
ERC865 Tokens
Send ERC865
Amount:
Fee:
To Address:
Signature
Normal Transfer
Delegated Transfer
Hint:
open the browser developer console to view any errors and warnings.


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FlashAPI23
class FlashAPI23 : Light
This class provides the functions of camera flash. Allows you to enable/disable the flash and check the current mode.


{% extends 'all_posts/base.html' %} {% load bootstrap3 %} {% block content %} {{block.super}}
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JACKIE BROWN 1997 A film review by Timothy Voon Copyright 1998 Timothy Voon 2 :-) for a self disciplined Tarantino exercise
Cast: Pam Grier, Samuel L. Jackson, Robert Forster, Bridget Fonda, Michael Keaton, Robert De Niro, Chris Tucker Director: Quentin Tarantino Screenplay: Quentin Tarantino, based on the book RUM PUNCH by Elmore Leonard
I walked into the cinema with a strangely familiar, sick feeling in my stomach; my head spining the words, ‘Oh God not another Tarantino film.' PULP FICTION actually nauseated me with it's bloody lack of respect for life, and the dread feeling that I was about to be hit with another bout of movie onset vertigo re: Jackie Brown, airline hostess, money laundering, smart pussycat in high heels, and……
I was pleasantly proven wrong!
  Instead I found a likeable mix of down town funky 60-70's tunes (Tarantino always has a good ear) matching the heartbeat of the movie. Also a cleverly thought out plot and stylish look of direction not too dissimilar to PULP, but without the high body count. Style and Look is the word, and Quentin's eyes captures the soul of his character's, each have distinctive personalities and motivations, and the dialogue is as sharp as Quentin can get it.
So Ms Jackie Brown (Pam Grier) is a gal in strife, an independent woman in her 40's who has to out talk, out smart the likes of a murderous, gun dealer Ordell (Samuel L. Jackson), his hardened criminal henchman (Robert De Niro) and the feds (Michael Keaton and pal). Up for grabs is half a million and Jackie Brown is out to secure it.
Pam Grier is wonderful as the beauty with brains and a cool disposition that matches her leggy heels and panty hose. She has the Look.  He excels in these stereo type roles. His co-partner in crime, the always reliable Robert De Niro, is unfortunately miscast as a rather lifeless, boring sidekick, a role which should perhaps have gone to someone equally lifeless and boring. I haven't seen Bridget Fonda give such a good performance, since IT COULD HAPPEN TO YOU. She glows on screen like a bride or pregnant mother, but her character is that of a slut – oddly charming.
An overall well performed, disciplined Tarantino exercise into movie making, which is moderately entertaining.
Timothy Voon e-mail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>http://us.imdb.com/M/reviews_by?Tim+Voon http://www.labyrinth.net.au/~bouclier/week/movies.html
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
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to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Copyright 2010, John R. Ellis. You may use this toolkit for any purpose, as long as you include this notice in any versions derived in whole or part from these files.
This Debugging Toolkit consists of:
- strict.lua: The standard script from the Lua distribution that detects undeclared global variables (usually typos).
- Require.lua: A replacement for the standard require that provides the ability to reload all files and to define a search path for loading .lua files from shared directories.
- debugscript.lrdevplugin: Provides quick, easy loading and reloading of scripts (whether or not they're part of a plugin), error trapping, and automatic display of the offending source line in your favorite text editor.
- Debug.lua: A standalone debugging module that provides an interactive debugger with breakpoints, stack traces, and evaluation of expressions; a "pretty printer" that nicely formats any Lua value (including nested and circular tables); some logging tools; and a rudimentary elapsed-time profiler for functions.
Each of these components can be used standalone, without the others.
Debugging Export- and Publish-Service Plugins
Evaluating Expressions and Statements
1. Unzip the toolkit and place debugscript.lrdevplugin in your plugins folder.
2. Use the Lightroom Plug-in Manager to add debugscript.lrdevplugin as a plugin.
3. Copy Require.lua from the debugscript.lrdevplugin directory to the directory of the plugin you want to debug.
4. Place these lines at the top of your menu plugin's main file or at the top of the export- or publish-service definition script:
local Require = require 'Require'.path ("../debugscript.lrdevplugin")
local Debug = require 'Debug'.init ()
require 'strict'
5. Wrap all LrView callback functions, LrTasks main functions, and your main showDialog() function with Debug.showErrors, as described below (see below for details).
6. Set a breakpoint by inserting in your code a call to Debug.pause:
Debug.pause (x, i, items [i].prev)
7. Run File > Plug-in Extras > Debug Script.
8. Browse to the main file of your plugin and click Run. Your plugin will pause at the breakpoint and invoke the debugger.
Steps 1–4 from above.
5. Wrap all LrView callback functions and LrTasks main functions as described below (see below for details).
Make sure your service definition script refers to functions exported by a global namespace defined in another file, e.g. MyService.lua, and wrap those functions with Debug.showErrors:
return {
startDialog = Debug.showErrors (MyService.startDialog),
endDialog = Debug.showErrors (MyService.endDialog),
exportPresetFields = { { key = ...}
6. Copy DebugScript.lua from the debugscript.lrdevplugin directory to the directory of the plugin you want to debug.
7. Add an entry to your plugin's Info.lua to run DebugScript.lua as a File menu command:
LrExportMenuItems = {
{title = "Debug Script", file = "DebugScript.lua"}}
8. Set a breakpoint by inserting in your code a call to Debug.pause:
Debug.pause (x, i, items [i].prev)
9. Run File > Plug-in Extras > your plugin > Debug Script. Make sure you run the version of Debug Script from your plugin (the plugin being debugged), not from any other plugin – this ensures that it loads files into the correct plugin’s environment.
10. Browse to MyService.lua, click Run to load MyService.lua, then click Close to exit Debug Script.
11. Run the publish or export service. Your plugin will pause at the breakpoint and invoke the debugger.
12. If you edit MyService.lua or modules require’d by MyService.lua, rerun Debug Script and click Run to reload the files and catch any errors in your text editor.
Perhaps the most common Lua programming mistake is to mistype the name of variable—Lua will silently assume the mistyped name is a global variable. If you include the following at the top of each file:
require 'strict.lua'
any attempt to access a global variable that hasn't been "declared" will raise an error. You "declare" a global variable simply by assigning it a value (or defining it as a function) at the top level of a file.
Of everything in this toolkit, strict.lua has the biggest bang for the buck. Use it.
The Debug Script plugin provides quick, easy loading and reloading of scripts (whether or not they're part of a plugin), error trapping, and automatic display of the offending source line in your favorite text editor. You can use Debug Script to run code without using the Plug-in Manager or creating a separate plugin directory and Info.lua. Once you've used Debug Script just a few times, you'll never want to reload via the Plug-in Manager again.
To use the Debug Script plugin:
1. File > Plug-in Extras > Debug Script.
2. Browse to the .lua file you want to run. This may be the main script of your plugin, or it could be any other .lua file.
3. Each time you click Run, Debug Script will reload the file and any files loaded by nested require’s, executing the files in a new global environment. If an error occurs, the source file will be displayed in the configured text editor at the appropriate line.
Click Debug options to configure the text editor you want to use with Debug Script. On Windows, by default it will use TextPad if it's installed, Notepad otherwise. On Mac, by default it will use TextEdit. (Neither Notepad nor TextEdit know how to display a source file at a particular line number.)
The Show new globals option shows global variables that were defined as a result of loading the file. If your programming style avoids global variables, this helps you enforce that convention.
The Reload all required scripts option forces the reloading of all nested require’d files. The only reason to uncheck this is to test out persistent state that may be maintained by some of the modules loaded by the main file.
The Clear LrPrefs.prefsForPlugin option deletes any plugin preferences before executing the script, letting you test how your plugin behaves right after it’s been installed.
Require.lua provides a compatible replacement for the standard require that provides the ability to for loading shared files from common directories and to automatically reload all files each time your plugin executes during development (but not when released).
First, place a copy of Require.lua in your plugin directory. To load files from a shared directory common that's a sibling of your plugin directory, put the following at the top of your plugin's main file:
local Require = require 'Require'.path ("../common")
Now require will look in the common directory for any files that aren't found in the plugin directory. You can provide more than one directory in the call to path.
To deploy your plugin to customers, you could continue to use the same directory structure. However, I recommend compiling all the plugin-specific and common files into a single release directory that gets shipped to your customers. That simplifies the installation for them by not having to create the common directory. And if you have two plugins sharing a common file, each gets its own copy (and version) of the file, letting a customer upgrade one plugin without upgrading the other. (Since each plugin executes in its own environment, each will compile and load its own copy of a shared file, regardless of whether it is loaded from a common directory.)
To force reloading of require’d files each time you run the plugin, without invoking the Plug-in Manager, put the following at the top of your plugin's main file:
local Require = require 'Require'.reload ()
Whenever the main file is executed from a directory ending in .lrdevplugin, any subsequent nested require’s will be reloaded, regardless if they had been previously loaded. The .reload() option has no effect when executed from a directory ending in .lrplugin (a release directory) – your released plugin will load files just once, when it is first invoked.
Note that if you use Debug Script, there is no need for using the .reload() option—Debug Script lets you control reloading.
You can combine both .path() and .reload():
local Require = require 'Require'.path ("../common").reload ()
Debug.lua provides a simple interactive debugger with breakpoints, stack traces, and evaluation of expressions. Though it has some significant limitations imposed by the SDK, I still find it invaluable for debugging.
1. Put the following in your main file:
local Debug = require 'Debug'.init ()
When your plugin executes from a directory ending in .lrdevplugin, the debugger will be enabled; when it executes from any other directory (e.g. a release directory ending in .lrplugin) it will be disabled and have no impact on execution.
Pass true to init to always enable the debugger, regardless of the containing directory:
local Debug = require 'Debug'.init (true)
2. Wrap each function that can be called directly from Lightroom with Debug.showErrors, ensuring that the debugger will be invoked when an error occurs. In particular, wrap LrView callback functions, the main functions of tasks, and all functions provided in an export- or publish-service definition script:
viewFactory:push_button {title = "Do it", action = Debug.showErrors (doItPushed)}
viewFactory:edit_field {validate = Debug.showErrors (myValidate)}
LrTask.startAsyncTask (Debug.showErrors (function () ...))
LrFunctionContext.postAsyncTaskWithContext (
Debug.showErrors (function (context) ...))
return {
startDialog = Debug.showErrors (MyService.startDialog),
endDialog = Debug.showErrors (MyService.endDialog),
...
3. Wrap the main function of your File or Library menu plugin (often called showDialog) with Debug.showErrors. For example, here's how to invoke the main showDialog function of a menu plugin:
LrFunctionContext.callWithContext ("showDialog",
Debug.showErrors (function (context)
showDialog (context)
end))
Once you’ve prepared your code, the debugger window will appear whenever a runtime error occurs, and the configured text editor will display the offending source line. In the debugger window, you'll see the error, the call stack, and the values of arguments (if at a function breakpoint).
In the debugger window, use the ^ and V buttons to select other frames in the call stack that have known source files. The Edit button will open the text editor again on the currently selected frame.
The SDK often limits the visibility of the call stack. In particular, LrTasks.pcall and other functions that call it, such as LrFunctionContext.callWithContext, hide the call stack prior to their call, when invoked from tasks other than the main task.
In Options, Debug lets you choose whether to trap errors at function breakpoints or see the entire call stack—in tasks other than the main task, you can't do both.
You can enter an expression and click Eval, and the result will be "pretty printed" in the results pane. Due to limitations imposed by the SDK, however, expressions can only refer to global names and function parameters. Because of this limitation, you may want to use global, rather than local, variables to hold your modules/namespaces and key data structures. Debug.pause lets you access selected local variables at a breakpoint.
Note that you can always re-import a Lightroom namespace to access it in the Eval field, e.g.
import 'LrApplication'.activeCatalog ():getPath ()
To execute a statement rather than evaluate an expression, prefix it with a period:
.x [i] = myFunc(j)
Go resumes execution.
Go until return resumes execution from a function breakpoint, ignoring nested function breakpoints until this call to the function returns.
Go until error resumes execution, ignoring existing function breakpoints and calls to Debug.pause, until the next error occurs.
Stop terminates execution by raising a distinguished error.
There are three ways of setting breakpoints:
1. Insert a call to Debug.pause in your code, optionally passing values you want to inspect in the debugger:
Debug.pause (items, testItem (items [1]), x)
The values will appear in the Arguments pane of the debugger, and you can refer to them in Eval expressions.
Debug.pauseIf invokes the debugger only if its first argument is true:
Debug.pauseIf (i > n, i, n, items)
2. In the debugger window, the Function breaks command lets you enter the name of a globally accessible function and an optional conditional expression. The function name must be a global variable (myFunc) or a name in a global namespace (MyModule.myFunc). Insert a call to Debug.pause at the beginning of your plugin so you can set a function break.
3. Somewhere convenient in your plugin, insert calls to Debug.breakFunc:
Debug.breakFunc (MyModule.myFunc)
If the function you want to break does not have a globally accessible name, you’ll need to do:
myFunc = Debug.breakFunc (myFunc)
To create a conditional breakpoint:
Debug.breakFunc (MyModule.myFunc, "i > n")
The conditional expression must be a string referring to global variables and argument names only.
Note that it doesn’t appear possible to resume from a breakpoint set in an LrView validation function (e.g. for an edit_field). Each time the debugger window grabs focus, the SDK generates a new call to the validation function, retriggering the breakpoint.
Every interaction in the debugger window is also logged in the Debug log (which defaults to plugin-directory/debug.log). The Log button opens the log file in your text editor. This is particularly useful if you want to see a result of Eval that is a very large table or string.
Debug looks for source files in the plugin's directory (_PLUGIN.path). If you use Require.path to load files from other directories, Debug will use the same search path to locate the sources.
If you have your own module-loading scheme, you can explicitly give Debug a search path:
Debug.path ("../common", "../base")
Note that files compiled by dofile appear to have absolute pathnames recorded in the compiled code, so if your module scheme uses dofile, it may not be necessary to use Debug.path.
See Debug.lua for complete documentation.
Debug.pp
Debug.pp is a pretty printer than formats any Lua value as a string suitable for logging or display. Debug.pp shows the contents of tables properly indented, showing each nested table at most once, even circular tables. The debugger uses Debug.pp for displaying values.
Debug.log
Debug.log is an LrLogger that writes to plugin-directory/debug.log. It only creates the file if the plugin actually outputs something. To log one or more values on a single line, converted to strings and separated by spaces:
Debug.logn ("n", n, "i > n", i > n)
To log a formatted string:
Debug.log:tracef ("%d items are stale", n)
To log one or more values pretty-printed with Debug.pp:
Debug.lognpp (table1, array1)
Debug.profileFunc
You can measure the total number of calls and elapsed time per call of a function using the Debug profiler:
myFunc = Debug.profileFunc (myFunc, "myFunc")
...execute code that calls myFunc one or more times...
Debug.logn ("\n", Debug.profileResults())
The profiler properly handles recursive calls to functions.


These are instructions for Development version!
To see normal instructions, look HERE
The development version may contain bugs, including ones that can break whole BCX, meaning you might loose some of your BCX settings or even have to fully reset the data while using it. Use it at your own risk!
The following methods will keep the BCX version constantly up-to-date without any need to install it again. BCX is open source.
Manual activation using bookmark:
1) Drag the following link to your bookmark bar: BCX (Development version)
2) Click the bookmark while in Club (or login screen)
Manual activation using bookmark: (Android chrome version)
1) Long-press the following link and select "Copy link address": BCX (Development version)
2) Press 3 dots -> Bookmark star -> Edit (on bottom of the screen in popup)
3) Long-tap text in URL (or select all) and paste copied text
4) Leave bookmark menu using back arrow in top left corner
To activate:
1) Enter Club
2) Tap URL bar
3) Write the name of the bookmark you saved
4) Tap it (It will have star on the left)
*) Do not try selecting the bookmark from list of bookmarks, it won't work!
Automatic activation using TamperMonkey plugin:
1) Install tampermonkey (store links:
Chrome,
Firefox )
2) Open following page and confirm script installation: link


--- layout: base ---
In the beginning the Universe was created.
This has made a lot of people very angry and been widely regarded as a bad move.


{% extends 'Home/index.html' %} {% block content %}
Give feedbacks on teaching faculty at Yuva Bharathi Public School, Kanuvai, Coimbatore
If you are a student, who wishes to give feedback, click "Enter as student"


Football: Busy Inter Milan have another chance to overtake Juventus
MILAN: It is early days in Inter Milan's pursuit of perennial Serie A pacesetters Juventus, but already the chasers are worrying about flagging.
Inter travel to Bologna on Saturday in the 11th round and can briefly overhaul Juventus ahead of the Turin derby later in the day.
Third-place Atalanta face in-form Cagliari on Sunday. Roma, in fourth, open the weekend against Napoli.
The top two flip-flopped in midweek. Inter won 2-1 at Brescia on Tuesday. Juventus, playing with 10 men, regained a one-point lead when Cristiano Ronaldo converted a 90th-minute penalty at home to Genoa on Wednesday.
After the victory at Brescia, Inter manager Antonio Conte, always a glass-half-empty type, complained that his squad is being asked to do too much.
"It becomes difficult to talk about the game because we've now played our fourth match in nine days with the same players," he said.
"We now have to recover because we're only halfway there, I haven't seen any other side having to play seven matches in 20 days. Next up it's Bologna on Saturday and then we've got a Tuesday fixture away to Dortmund."
Conte reportedly had meetings with Inter management this week to discuss adding one or two midfielders in the winter transfer period.
"We are pushing the engine to the max," he said.
Most of his players had got the message.
"We're playing every three days and it isn't easy. There is slight fatigue," said Argentine striker Lautaro Martinez, who scored Inter's opening goal in Tuesday, his fifth of the season.
There was one dissenting voice.
"It's nice to play every few days," said Dutch defender Matthijs de Ligt. "We footballers live to play games. It's tiring but we're happy."
Bologna are anchored in mid-table after losing 3-2 away to Cagliari on Wednesday but defender Stefano Denswil promised Inter a tough match.
"We want to play a great game against Inter in front of our fans," the Dutchman said.
ONE TO WATCH
Meanwhile Juventus's weekend opponents are in some disarray. Walter Mazzarri, the Torino manager, received the dreaded vote of confidence ahead of the Turin derby.
Torino lost 4-0 at Lazio on Wednesday, although all the goals came after defender Nicolas Nkoulou received a second yellow card after 21 minutes.
Torino president Urbano Cairo was not happy.
"We have a derby ahead of us but above all a long championship ahead of us: I think it's right today to examine everyone's conscience."
He added that he had confidence in Mazzarri.
"I confirm my faith in Mazzarri," said Cairo. "He's not under examination."
The last thing the former Napoli, Inter and Watford manager needs is Torino's habitual defeat in the Derby della Mole.
Torino have only beaten Juventus once in 28 league meetings since 1995. In that time, Juve, despite being briefly relegated, have won 12 Scudetti and a European title. Torino have won a second division title.
KEY STATS
12: Lazio's Ciro Immobile has scored 12 goals -- four of them penalties -- in the first 10 games. The last player to start so fast? Immobile, when he hit 12 in 10 in 2017-18.
513: On Tuesday, goalkeeper Gianluigi Buffon tied with Alessandro del Piero for most Juventus appearances. If he plays on Saturday he will be alone on 514.
13: Inter have scored in their first 13 matches under Conte. No other Inter coach has managed that.


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We blend simplistic patterns and bold colors together to weave dresses that are unique and eye-catching. The new F/W ’19 collection is the definition of elegance, wildness, and empowerment.
Subtle shimmer, 3D shapes, and smooth silhouettes define this red-hot coord set. Be the breakout of holiday galas and New Year's parties with this coveted piece.
Black lace, white silk, and unique sleeve designs that shows the boldness of this set. Be the embodiment of the wild, naturalistic, and beautiful desert by wearing this piece.


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| EU Retail Sales MoM % | |||||
| Release Dt | Market Expectation | Kshitij Expectation | Previous | Released | Revision |
| 8-Jan-18 | 1.4 | - | -1.1 | 1.5 | 2.0 |
| 5-Feb-18 | -1.1 | 0.7 | 2.0 | -1.1 | -1.0 |
| 5-Mar-18 | 0.3 | -0.4 | -1.0 | -0.1 | - |
| 5-Apr-18 | - | - | -0.1 | - | - |
| Copyright: Kshitij Consultancy Services |


We are a collaborative and fun group of web professionals who strive to provide cost–effective design solutions that support your organization's mission and suits your exact needs. Working with small businesses, startups and community–oriented organizations are our specialty.


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I understand the consequences of my act, and I am aware that this action can be really disruptive for all judges
{{table.number}},


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java.lang.Object uchicago.src.sim.network.NetworkFactory
public class NetworkFactory
Creates a list of nodes with their links from various sources. Note: this class is not thread safe.
| Field Summary |
|---|
| Fields inherited from interface uchicago.src.sim.network.NetworkConstants |
|---|
ASCII, BINARY, DL, EXCEL, LARGE, SMALL |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
static java.util.List |
createRandomDensityNetwork(int size,
double density,
boolean allowLoops,
boolean isSymmetric,
java.lang.Class nodeClass,
java.lang.Class edgeClass)
Creates a RandomDensityNetwork. |
static java.util.List |
createSquareLatticeNetwork(int cols,
int rows,
boolean wrapAround,
int connectRadius,
java.lang.Class node,
java.lang.Class edge)
Creates a square lattice network. |
static java.util.List |
createUnlinkedNetwork(int numNodes,
java.lang.Class nodeClass)
Creates a list containing the specified number of nodes of the specified type. |
static java.util.List |
createWattsStrogatzNetwork(int size,
int connectRadius,
double rewireProb,
java.lang.Class node,
java.lang.Class edge)
Creates a classic W-S network small world network (ring substrate). |
static java.util.List |
getDLNetworkFromStream(java.io.InputStream stream,
java.lang.Class nodeClass,
java.lang.Class edgeClass,
int matrixType)
Creates a List of nodes (and their edges) from the specified InputStream. |
static java.util.List |
getNetwork(java.lang.String fileName,
int fileFormat,
java.lang.Class nodeClass,
java.lang.Class edgeClass)
Deprecated. use NetworkFactory(String, int, Class, Class, int)
instead. |
static java.util.List |
getNetwork(java.lang.String fileName,
int fileFormat,
java.lang.Class nodeClass,
java.lang.Class edgeClass,
int matrixType)
Creates a List of nodes (and their edges) from the specified file. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Method Detail |
|---|
public static java.util.List getNetwork(java.lang.String fileName, int fileFormat, java.lang.Class nodeClass, java.lang.Class edgeClass, int matrixType)
The matrix is assumed to be square for both the dl and Excel formats.
For Excel, each worksheet is treated as a matrix, and any worksheets
that do not contain matrices will cause an error. The worksheet name
is treated as the matrix label unless the name begins with Sheet
(Excel's generic worksheet name). The format for excel files is that
imported and exported by UCINet. The first cell is empty, and the
node labels begin on this first row in the second column. The column
node labels begin in first column on the second row. The actual data
begins in cell 2,2. For example,
If the matrix has no node labels, RePast will expect the first row and
column to be blank and as before, for the data to begin in cell 2,2.
| first_label | second_label | ...
-------------+-------------+--------------+----
first_label | 0 | 1 | ...
-------------+-------------+--------------+----
second_label | 1 | 0 | ...
-------------+-------------+--------------+----
... | ... | ... | ...
The matrixType parameter refers to the size of the matrix elements, the ij values. A matrix of type of NetworkConstants.BINARY contains on 0 or 1 as elements. A matrix of type of NetworkConstants.SMALL contains values of -127 - 127 as elements. And a matrix of type NetworkConstants.LARGE contains anything else.
fileName
- the name of the filefileFormat
- the format of the file (NetworkFactory.DL
and NetworkFactory.EXCEL)nodeClass
- specifies the class of the created nodesedgeClass
- specified the class of the created edgesmatrixType
- the type of the matrix. type refers to the size of the
matrix elements (ij values) and can be one of NetworkConstants.BINARY,
NetworkConstants.LARGE, NetworkConstants.SMALLpublic static java.util.List getDLNetworkFromStream(java.io.InputStream stream, java.lang.Class nodeClass, java.lang.Class edgeClass, int matrixType)
The matrixType parameter refers to the size of the matrix elements, the ij values. A matrix of type of NetworkConstants.BINARY contains on 0 or 1 as elements. A matrix of type of NetworkConstants.SMALL contains values of -127 - 127 as elements. And a matrix of type NetworkConstants.LARGE contains anything else.
stream
- the InputStream to read the data from.nodeClass
- specifies the class of the created nodesedgeClass
- specified the class of the created edgesmatrixType
- the type of the matrix. type refers to the size of the
matrix elements (ij values) and can be one of NetworkConstants.BINARY,
NetworkConstants.LARGE, NetworkConstants.SMALLpublic static java.util.List getNetwork(java.lang.String fileName, int fileFormat, java.lang.Class nodeClass, java.lang.Class edgeClass)
NetworkFactory(String, int, Class, Class, int)
instead.
The matrix is assumed to be square for both the dl and Excel formats.
For Excel, each worksheet is treated as a matrix, and any worksheets
that do not contain matrices will cause an error. The worksheet name
is treated as the matrix label unless the name begins with Sheet
(Excel's generic worksheet name). The format for excel files is that
imported and exported by UCINet. The first cell is empty, and the
node labels begin on this first row in the second column. The column
node labels begin in first column on the second row. The actual data
begins in cell 2,2. For example,
If the matrix has no node labels, RePast will expect the first row and
column to be blank and as before, for the data to begin in cell 2,2.
| first_label | second_label | ...
-------------+-------------+--------------+----
first_label | 0 | 1 | ...
-------------+-------------+--------------+----
second_label | 1 | 0 | ...
-------------+-------------+--------------+----
... | ... | ... | ...
fileName
- the name of the filefileFormat
- the format of the file (NetworkFactory.DL
and NetworkFactory.EXCEL)nodeClass
- specifies the class of the created nodesedgeClass
- specified the class of the created edgespublic static java.util.List createUnlinkedNetwork(int numNodes, java.lang.Class nodeClass)
public static java.util.List createSquareLatticeNetwork(int cols, int rows, boolean wrapAround, int connectRadius, java.lang.Class node, java.lang.Class edge)
cols
- the number of columns in the networkrows
- the number of rows in the networkwrapAround
- whether the links should wrap around the latticeconnectRadius
- the connect radius of the networknode
- the class to create the network nodes fromedge
- the class to create the network edges frompublic static java.util.List createRandomDensityNetwork(int size, double density, boolean allowLoops, boolean isSymmetric, java.lang.Class nodeClass, java.lang.Class edgeClass)
size
- the size of the network (number of nodes)allowLoops
- whether self loops are allowedisSymmetric
- whether the resulting network is to be symmetricnodeClass
- the class for the network nodesedgeClass
- the class for the network edgespublic static java.util.List createWattsStrogatzNetwork(int size, int connectRadius, double rewireProb, java.lang.Class node, java.lang.Class edge)
Note that when connectRadius is > 1 there can be funny effects if the number of nodes is not a multiple of the radius. If it doesn't divide evenly, this leaves out the extra links.
size
- the size (number of nodes) in the networkconnectRadius
- the connect radius of the network.rewireProb
- the edge rewire probabilitynode
- the class to create the nodes fromedge
- the class to create the edges from
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In this new artwork im creating a dynamic hybrid portrait video that creates a unique transformable face built from Team Human members.
Using a custom program I’m creating a composite image in which randomly changing pixels from team human faces (and myself) combine into a shimmering, constantly shifting single portrait.
The piece will be created, displayed and collected through the blockchain network.
The piece is an extension of a series of other real-time portraits that I have been working on and exhibiting in recent years around the world.
In addition, a series of 5 original prints based on the piece will be created. Purchased editions of Team Human art pieces are tracked and notarized with the identity of the buyer on the Ethereum blockchain.


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ONE NIGHT STAND
By Harvey Karten, Ph.D. New Line Cinema/Red Mullet Director: Mike Figgis Writer: Mike Figgis Cast: Wesley Snipes, Nastassja Kinski, Robert Downey Jr., Kyle MacLachlan, Ming-Na Wen
The accepted wisdom about one-night stands is that they are virtually meaningless trysts between people who may or not be persons of substance. In the hands of Mike Figgis, though, the title takes on an ironic sense: the sexual rendezvous of two attractive human beings has a seismic impact on their lives and those of the people who love them by causing two generally superficial beings to re-examine their existence. While "One Night Stand" does not share the quality of Mike Figgis's masterwork, "Leaving Las Vegas," the picture carries some of his signature pointers. Like "Vegas," this film zeroes in on one character who is in desperate straits, in this case a man dying of AIDS, while bearing still another resemblance in highlighting characters who are at the most dramatic points in their lives.
Written originally by Joe Eszterhas who had Nicolas Cage in mind for the key role of Max, "One Night Stand" was overhauled by Figgis who retains full credit for its writing. Opening theatrically as Max (Wesley Snipes) addresses his audience directly to describe his shallow but busy life, the movie follows him as he walks down the familiar New York streets of his childhood, on the way to a meeting with an actor, Charlie (Robert Downey Jr.), with whom he once shared a deep friendship. Max describes himself as an advertising man, a successful one of about 35 years, who has a sense of guilt for abandoning his friendship with Charlie.
When Max misses his flight to L.A. because of traffic congestion, he meets Karen (Nastassja Kinski), who has called attention to an ink stain on Max's shirt and later joins her at a concert. The two are later mugged, and when Max fights off the felons, Karen invites him to share her quarters for the night. One year later Max, a resident of Los Angeles who is married to Mimi (Ming-Na Wen), returns to New York to visit Charlie, now hospitalized with AIDS, and coincidentally runs into Karen. What follows seems contrived but features a dramatic payoff that brings the entire work into sharper focus.
While "One Night Stand" does not have the edgy acting of Nicolas Cage and Elizabeth Shue from "Leaving Las Vegas," it is performed particularly well by Robert Downey Jr., who redeems himself from a disastrous role in the indie movie directed by his dad, "Hugo Pool." Like Eric Roberts in "It's My Party," the dying Charlie insists on setting up a party in his hospital room, his pals regaling him with gifts, laughs, and good cheer. While he looks deathly ill, he can elicit surprising laughs from the audience by the grimaces on his face, the most enduring being the expression he suggests when he sees Max locked in a passionate embrace with Karen who, it turns out, is Charlie's sister-in-law. In several well-developed and partly improvised episodes preceding this love-clasp, Figgis exposes us to the coming breakdown of Max's marriage to Mimi, who objects strongly to the way Max has been putting down the shallow people he works with in his ad agency. The humor of his job is effectively pointed out at a meeting in which the serious discussion of the day is how to get a public to become interested in having their hot dogs with their sponsor's sauerkraut. Still another prolonged and very funny episode finds Mimi suspiciously smelling Max, who had just returned from his one-night stand in New York, accusing him of misbehavior--which, she concludes, is proven by the cigarette smoke she sniffs on his clothing. Max has been caught: he has not really given up smoking.
Figgis knows how to back up the humor and pathos of his production with the right music, contrasting New York and L.A. not as Neil Simon did in "California Suite" but by differentiating the coasts by a jazz track to represent the East and pop music for the Hollywood set. Perhaps the most interesting subtext is the way race has absolutely nothing to do with the dynamics of the story. Max is black, his wife Asian-American, and his lover a dazzling blonde. Rated R. Running Time: 102 minutes. (C) 1997 Harvey Karten
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
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Joy compared with other functional languages
By Manfred von Thun
Joy is a functional programming language which is not based on the application of functions to arguments but on the composition of functions. This paper compares and contrasts Joy with the theoretical basis of other functional formalisms and the programming languages based on them. One group comprises the lambda calculus and the programming languages Lisp, ML and Miranda. Another comprises combinatory logic and the language FP by Backus. A third comprises Cartesian closed categories. The paper concludes that Joy is significantly different from any of these formalisms and programming languages.
This paper outlines the principal similarities and differences between Joy and other high-level and low-level functional languages.
The best known functional languages are the lambda calculus and, based on it, the programming languages Lisp and its descendants. All of them rely heavily on two operations, abstraction and application, which are in some sense inverses of each other. Abstraction binds free variables in an expression, and it yields a function which is a first class value. The bound variables are the formal parameters of the function, and, importantly, they are named. Application of an abstracted function to some actual parameters can be understood as resulting in a substitution of actual for formal parameters and then evaluation of the modified expression. More efficiently application can be implemented using an environment of name-value pairs. The lambda calculus does not need definitions, but all functional programming languages allow them as a matter of convenience. Definitions also use named formal parameters, and in applications these have to be substituted or an environment has to be maintained.
Two other functional languages are the combinatory logic of Curry and the FP system of Backus. They are not based on the lambda calculus, they eliminate abstraction completely and hence do not have to deal with substitution and environments. As a result these languages can be manipulated using simple algebraic techniques. But like the lambda calculus and the languages derived from it, both are based on the application of functions to arguments. However, application does not have attractive algebraic properties, and hence there is no theoretical reason for preferring one concrete notation over another.
The languages of category theory comprises another group of functional languages. Whereas the other functional languages use function application, these use function composition. No high level programming language has been based on this formalism, but it has been used as a low level machine language as a target for compilation from a (typed) lambda calculus source. Joy is a high level programming language which resembles the categorical languages more than it resembles any of the other functional languages.
The remainder of this paper is organised as follows: The next section gives an overview of the lambda calculus and of the programming languages that are based on it. The section after that describes combinatory logic which eliminates lambda abstraction. Following that is a section on the FP language of Backus. The next section then outlines the language of categories in which even function application is eliminated. In each of these sections the principal difference between these systems and Joy is outlined. There is also a final section on programming in the large; most structuring devices could be adapted to Joy in the future.
For the present purposes is is sufficient to consider only the abstract syntax of the lambda calculus. A lambda expression is built from variables and constants by two constructions, abstraction and application. Constants are values such as number or lists, or they are functions such as addition and concatenation. In an expression an occurrence of a variable can be free or bound. Specifically in an expression consisting of just a variable that variable occurs free. In an expression consisting just of a constant there are no variables at all. An expression which is a lambda abstraction consists of a variable and a body which is an expression. The abstraction construction binds any free occurrences of that variable in the body. An expression which is an application consists of two expressions, the function and the argument (or actual parameter). Occurrences of free and bound variables in the function and the argument are also free and bound in the applicative expression.
Functions of several variables can be abstracted by successive abstractions, and they can be applied to several arguments by successive applications. Each application returns a function of one less argument than the original. This device of replacing standard functions by their curried form allows the theory to concentrate exclusively on functions of one argument.
Incidentally, a similar effect is achieved in Joy not by application but by composition. The program
3 +denotes the composition of two functions from stacks to stacks. The first pushes the number 3, the second adds two number on top of the stack. The entire program denotes a function which adds 3 to the top number of the stack. The space between the 3 and the
+
is not application
written in reverse but composition.
The lambda calculus uses several syntactic operations called reductions. The most important of these is beta reduction of applicative expressions. If the function is an abstraction then the applicative expression reduces to the body of the function but with all free occurrences of the abstracted variable replaced by the argument of the application. Beta reduction corresponds exactly to calling a function in the terminology of programming languages. The difference with Joy is already apparent here, since Joy does not have any variables to be used in abstractions and beta reduction does not occur in Joy.
Abstraction creates anonymous functions, and the pure lambda calculus does not have any facility for defining functions. In particular, it cannot be used to give recursive definitions of functions. But to compute recursive functions it is possible to introduce a single device, the Y combinator. This might have been defined recursively if that were possible, or it can be provided as one of the constants. However, it also turns out to be equivalent to a particular lambda expression.
The simple lambda calculus can therefore be used to compute all recursive functions, and hence to compute any function that can be computed by a Turing machine. Even constants are not really necessary, since truth values, numerals, list operations and the like can be expressed as particular lambda expressions. It comes as a surprise that all computable functions can be expressed in the lambda calculus with just variables, abstraction and application, and can then be computed by reduction. However, any efficient implementation will need constants, and all practical programming languages based on the lambda calculus provide them.
The lambda calculus can be extended with simple let-expressions and recursive letrec-expressions and with definitions. The additions make programming significantly easier, and this is approximately the level of the core of (pure) Lisp and its earlier descendants.
Other extensions are pattern matching of formal and actual parameters, and static but polymorphic type checking. The best known functional programming languages that have these features are ML and Miranda. Being descendants of Lisp and ultimately the lambda calculus, they are also based on abstraction and application.
Peyton Jones (1987 Chapter 2) contains a good exposition to the lambda calculus, including many extensions. The survey paper Hudak (1989) compares many features of different functional languages, with a minor emphasis on Haskell. A very elegant general introduction to modern functional programming in a non-Lisp language can be found in Hughes (1990) . A recent introduction to Miranda is in Turner (1990) .
A notable variation on the lambda calculus is described in Cartwright (1991) . Normally the binding operators (such as lambda ) are special forms rather than operators in a semantic algebra. Here lambda is taken to be a true function; the universe of models is enlarged to include environments, and variables are interpreted as selector functions mapping environments to values.
All languages mentioned in this section were based on application and abstraction. By contrast, Joy uses neither of these, instead it is based on composition and quotation. Brus et al (1987 p 364) write "if one wants to have a computational model for functional languages which is also close to their implementations, pure lambda calculus is not the obvious choice anymore". They present the language Clean in which programs consist of rewrite rules (for graphs) using pattern matching extensively. The implementation uses the rewrite rules more or less directly. Joy accepts the spirit of the above quotation, but draws a very different consequence.
Robinson (1969 p 125) remarked: "whatever can be expressed in a language based on application and abstraction as fundamental notions can be expressed in a far simpler language based on application alone." The simpler language is combinatory logic. It is not a way of doing logic in a combinatory way, but it deals with the logic of combinators which denote higher order functions. The key idea came from Sch\"{o}nfinkel (1924) but was greatly expanded by Curry. The classic reference, Curry and Feys (1958) uses the same notation as is used today. A recent short exposition of the basic combinators is given for example in Henson (1987) .
The calculus of combinators can be understood without reference to its connection with the lambda calculus, as indeed it is done in many expositions. But for the present purposes it is best to keep in mind the goal of eliminating abstraction from the lambda calculus while retaining Turing completeness.
Abstraction is a construction in the object language, the lambda calculus. In combinatory logic this construction is replaced by an operation in the metalanguage. This new operation is called bracket abstraction. It takes an object language variable and an object language expression as arguments and it yields a new object language expression as value. The new expression will contain some function symbols specific to combinatory logic. If all object language lambda abstraction are removed from a lambda expression by this process of metalanguage bracket abstraction, then the final result will be equivalent to the original expression. So this process should be seen as a compilation. Since all lambda calculus expressions can be compiled in this manner, the language of combinators is again Turing complete.
The astonishing feature of this compilation is that it only needs two new function constants or combinators. However, to understand the rationale, it is best to start with three combinators. The three arise naturally from considering the cases of lambda expressions on which bracket abstraction with respect to a variable is to be performed. These will be lambda expressions without lambda abstractions, so they are just variables or applications.
Let x
be the variable to be abstracted.
1) If the expression is the same variable x
,
then the bracket abstraction should give the identity function
which just returns its argument.
So the unary I combinator is introduced as the translation,
it will receive its argument only when the abstracted
expression is applied.
2) If the expression is a different variable y
,
then the abstraction should give a constant function
which ignores its argument x
and just returns y
.
A single binary K combinator is introduced
and given the argument y
.
The translation will receive its second argument
only when the abstracted expressions is applied,
and then it will ignore that argument.
3)
If the expression is an application of a function f
to an argument g
,
then both the function and the argument first have to be
abstracted with respect to x
,
The final bracket abstraction will be applied to an argument
and then it has to make this argument available to both
subabstracts.
A ternary S combinator is introduced
which does just that.
It is given as arguments the two subabstract from f
and g
.
The translation will receive its third argument
only when the translation is applied to its argument.
At that point it will supply that argument to
the translation of f
and g
and then apply the result from f
to the result from g
.
These are the three principal combinators arising naturally. It so happens that the I combinator can actually be defined in terms of the other two. So any lambda calculus expression can be translated into a combinatory expression in which there are no variables but just two combinators K and S. Since lambda calculus even without constants is Turing complete, combinatory logic with just K and S and no other constants is also Turing complete. This is all the more surprising since an expression consisting exclusively of K and S is really just a tree in which the leaves hold only one bit.
Here are some links to web pages. An introduction to combinatory calculus, by Brent Kerby, a valued contributor to the concatenative mailing group:
The simple compilation scheme yields translations whose length can be exponential in the length of the source expression. Optimisations have been known for a long time which produce translations of only quadratic length. These optimisations use further combinators that are special cases of the S combinator. But the size of the translation result was still prohibitive for any but the smallest lambda expressions.
Turner (1979) introduced some optimisations into the standard translator from lambda calculus to combinator notation. With these optimisations the size of the combinatory code was kept within an acceptable limit. The interpreter for the combinatory code used normal graph reduction, one form of lazy implementation in which actual parameters are evaluated only once. Turner's implementation method using combinators has been used to build a hardware reduction machine, the CURRY chip, see Ramsdell (1986) .
Peyton Jones (1987 Chapter 16) contains a good exposition on the translation from the lambda calculus to combinators and many details of the implementation of Miranda. Hindley and Seldin (1986) provide a very complete parallel account of the lambda calculus, combinatory logic and their relationship. Robinson (1969) shows how the language of Sch\"{o}nfinkel and Curry can be used in the mechanisation of theorem proving in higher order logic. Fradet and Le M\'{e}tayer (1989) show how to compile lambda calculus into conventional machine code. Fradet (1991) uses what are described as low level indexed combinators as a target language to implement a lambda calculus language. Expressions using these combinators lend themselves to rewriting techniques, including optimisations. Impressive execution times are reported. The target code is again not intended to be read by human users.
The variables of the lambda calculus
are very similar to the variables of predicate logic.
The notions of free and bound variables are essentially the same
in both fields,
and so is the operation of substituting a term
for a free variable.
Henkin, Monk and Tarski (1971)
show how simultaneous substitution for variables
can be eliminated in terms of the identity relation.
The idea is that every formula which uses variables
in some arbitrary order
is replaced by another formula in which all variables
occur exactly once and in strictly alphabetical order.
The replacement formula will typically contain
more variables than the original.
The replacement formula is then to be conjoined with several
identity sentences of the form x=y
.
It can be shown that the resulting conjunction is
logically equivalent to the original formula.
It may be that this idea can be adapted to the lambda calculus.
As an implementation technique it would amount to
something like this:
A lambda term is replaced by another term using consecutive
variables, and the replacement is associated with
some identity statements which guide the values.
There may be some connection with director strings
used in some implementations of functional languages,
(see for example
Peyton Jones (1987 p 274) ).
But it is unlikely that a high level programming
language could be designed which uses these principles.
The difference between combinatory logic and Joy is best explained
by a simple example.
To multiply two numbers, say 2
and 3
, in Joy one writes
2 3 *In combinatory logic one writes
* 2 3and there seems to be no significant difference between the two notations apart from the order of operators and operands. But this is deceptive. In combinatory logic a two-argument function like multiplication is understood to be curried. The binary
*
function is first applied to 2
,
yielding a function which doubles its argument.
That function is then applied to 3
yielding the result 6
.
Fully parenthesised the expression is
(* 2) 3However, the convention is that application associates to the left, so the parentheses are not needed.
To compute the square of a number, say 3
, it has to be multiplied by itself.
In combinatory logic and in Joy one can write, respectively,
* 3 3 3 3 *But in both notations it is possible to modify the binary multiplication function to turn it into the unary squaring function. In combinatory logic the W combinator can be applied to a function which then duplicates the (first) argument of the function. It is defined by
(W f) x = (f x) xAgain the parentheses are not needed. So the square of
3
is given by
(W *) 3In Joy the simplest way to compute the square of
3
is by
3 dup *To facilitate the comparison between the two languages it is also possible to define a
3
is also computed in Joy by
3 [*] w
In both languages one can introduce a mapping combinator to apply
a function to a list.
In the examples to follow the list will be just [1 2 3 4]
.
In combinatory logic one might define a Map combinator by
Map f [] = [] Map f [X | Xs} = [f X | Map f Xs]where the bar
|
separates the first element of the list
from the rest.
Then the list of squares of the given list is computed by
Map (W *) [1 2 3 4]Note that the parentheses around
(X *)
are necessary.
The same computation is expressed in Joy by
[1 2 3 4] [[*] w] mapSuperficially one version is just the reverse of the other. Combinatory logic uses prefix notation, and Joy uses what looks like postfix notation.
But the apparent similarity is deceptive.
To see this it will help to write both versions with the hidden
operators made explicit.
In combinatory logic the hidden binary operator is application
of a function to an argument,
which might be written explicitly as infix "@"
.
Fully parenthesised the combinatory version thus is
(Map @ (W @ *)) @ [1 2 3 4]In Joy the hidden binary operator is composition of functions, which might be written explicitly as infix
"."
.
The Joy version thus is
[1 2 3 4] . [[*] . w] . mapThere are as many compositions in the Joy version as there are applications in the combinatory logic version. Since composition is associative, it does not matter how the expression is parenthesised.
Because of associativity the following is also meaningful in Joy:
[1 2 3 4] . [[*] . w]It denotes a function which pushes two items, a list and a quotation, onto the stack. By contrast its combinatory counterpart
(W @ *) @ [1 2 3 4]is not meaningful. This is because the squaring function on the left,
(W @ *)
,
expects to be applied to a number on the right,
and not a list.
Another way of noting the difference between combinatory logic and Joy is in the following equations, here again with application and composition left implicit:
Map (W *) [1 2 3 4] = [1 4 9 16] [1 2 3 4] [[*] w] map == [1 4 9 16]The combinatory logic version denotes the identity of objects, in this case lists. The Joy version denotes the identity of functions, in this case functions which, when applied to a stack, will push a list. Stacks are the arguments to which all Joy functions are applied, but this application plays no role in the construction of programs. By contrast, application is the principal program constructor in combinatory logic, even if the application operator is left implicit.
Wald (1993)
develops a theory of 'unary pairfunctions'
with primitives L
, S
, D
and B
satisfying
L(<a,b>) = a S(<a,b>) = <b,a> D(a) = <a,a> B(<a,<b,c>>) = <<a,b>,c>He gives a finite presentation (69 axioms) of a semigroup of such functions under composition. The theory is not intended as the basis of an implementation, but it would appear that there are some connections with Joy that are worth exploring.
In his Turing award lecture Backus (1978) introduced his FP system, short for "Functional Programming system". The system is not about programming using functions, as Lisp and its descendents are, but about programming with functionals, also known as higher order functions or combinators or, in his terminology, functional forms.
Backus builds his FP systems on three kinds of entities. Firstly, there are objects. These are built recursively from atomic objects such as truth values and numbers, and the only constructor is that of forming sequences or lists of objects. Secondly there are primitive functions. These comprise the usual arithmetic operations and relations and several powerful operations on lists. Importantly all primitive functions are unary functions technically, since functions requiring several arguments are provided with a single list of these arguments. Furthermore, all functions are first order. Thirdly there are functional forms, and these are the essential novelty of the system. They are second order functions used to build more complex functions from simpler ones. Since all primitive functions are unary, and the combining forms preserve this property, all functions in the system are unary. Combining forms, however, can have several functions as parameters. In detail, the combining forms are as follows.
The composition form requires two functions.
The resulting functions is that function which applied
to its argument always gives the same value
as applying first the one function and then the other.
The conditional form takes three functions as parameters,
an if-function, a then-function and an else-function.
The if-function is applied to the argument,
if that yields true the the value returned is that
given by applying the then-function,
otherwise it is that of applying the else-function.
The construction form takes as single parameter
a list of functions.
Applied to one argument the resulting function
returns a list of values,
each obtained by applying the functions to the argument.
The apply-to-all form
is essentially the same as
The combining forms as operations on unary functions
constitute a rich but unfamiliar algebra.
Importantly, the arguments of the functions
do not play any role at all.
Backus gives an elaborate axiomatisation of the algebra;
in Williams (1982) a smaller version is given
comprising just 11 axioms.
Two axioms deal with the interplay between composition and conditional,
two deal with composition, construction and insert,
and one deals with just composition and construction.
Two deal with construction and indexing into a list.
Another concerns nested conditionals with the same if-function.
Two deal with the append-left function
(elsewhere known as cons)
and the apply-to-all form.
A final one deals with composition and constant.
As may be seen, each combining form
has a significant relationship
with at least some other combining form.
The FP system is further explained and expanded in
Williams (1982) .
A very useful exposition to the FP systems is found in
Henson (1987 Chapter 5) .
The book also gives a very extensive bibliography.
For a good exposition to the
relation between the lambda calculus, combinatory logic
and the FP systems of Backus see
Revesz (1988 section 5.3) .
Givler and Kieburtz (1984)
present methods for automatically and reliably
transforming clear and correct
but possibly inefficient FP programs
into possibly obscure but efficient equivalent programs.
Bellegarde (1984)
presents a set of convergent rewriting rules
for the algebra of FP programs but without conditionals.
Whereas FP is a strict language,
Dosch and M\"{o}ller (1984)
describe the algebraic semantics of a lenient variant of FP
allowing infinite objects
and using both busy and lazy evaluation.
Sheeran (1984)
uses a variant of FP as a VLSI design language
for describing semantics and physical layout of hardware.
For a critique of the FP systems, see
Harland (1984 section 18.4) .
A recent descendant of the FP system by Backus
is the FL language described in
Backus, Williams and Wimmers (1990)
Another variant is the language GRAAL
which implements ("infinite") streams
using call-by-need;
it is described in
Bellot and Robinet (1985) .
In FP there are three kinds of semantic entities,
the objects, the functions and the combining forms.
They correspond fairly well to three kinds of functions in Joy:
those denoted by literals,
by operators and by combinators.
But the Joy functions are all of the same kind,
they are functions taking one stack as argument
and giving a new stack as value.
In FP combining forms are applied to functions
and the resulting functions are applied to objects.
In Joy there is no application of functions to arguments at all,
there is just composition of functions.
In FP the function parameters of combining forms cannot depend
on any objects supplied
as arguments to functions.
In Joy the quotation parameters of combinators
can be manipulated at run time.
Hence it is possible to call constructed programs
which have been built on the fly.
In his Turing award lecture Backus also introduces another language,
FFP system, short for "Formal Functional Programming system".
In addition to objects as in FP there are now explicit expressions.
In addition to the listforming constructor as in FP
there is now a new binary constructor to form applications
consisting of an operator and an operand.
Operator expressions which are atoms of course denote functions
which can be applied to an argument.
Operator expressions which are lists must have as their first
element an expression denoting a function.
When such an expression is applied to an argument,
the function is applied to a pair consisting
of the original list and the argument.
This last rule, metacomposition, is immensely powerful.
It can be used to define arbitrary new functional forms,
including of course the fixed forms from FP.
The rule also makes it possible to compute recursive functions
without a recursive definition.
This is because in the application
the functions is applied to a pair which includes the original
list operand which in turn contains as its first element
the expression denoting the very same function.
The method is considerably simpler than the
use of the Y combinator.
Williams (1982)
extends the method to mutually recursive functions,
even ones that are not primitive recursive.
Joy is in fact closer to FFP than any of the languages mentioned
so far.
Both replace abstraction by other mechanisms,
both rely heavily on higher order functions,
and both obey the principle that program = data.
Both permit construction of first order
and higher order recursive and non-recursive functions
without ever using named formal parameters.
An effect similar to metacomposition
is achieved in Joy with the
One important difference is that FFP still uses application
as an essential operation,
whereas Joy uses composition.
It appears that this makes the algebra of Joy considerably simpler.
Meertens (1989 p 72)
speaks of
"the need of a suitable system of combinators
for making functions out of component functions
without introducing extra names in the process.
Composition should be the major method, and not application."
Meertens (1989 p 71) writes
"The basic problem is that the basic operation of the classical combinator
calculus (and also of the closely related lambda calculus)
is application instead of composition.
Application has not a single property.
Function composition is associative
and has an identity element
(if one believes in the 'generic' identity function)."
He develops a system of combining functions
that is more suitable to formal manipulation
than the classical combinators.
It is worth noting that in monads
the monadic composition operator is associative.
A category consists of a collection of objects
and for any two objects a collection of morphisms,
each having the one object as their source
and the other object as their target.
For any single object, the morphisms must include an
identity morphism with that single object
as source and target.
For any object and two morphisms having it as source and target
respectively, there must be a composite morphism
having as source the source of one morphism and as target
the target of the other.
This composition of morphisms must be associative,
with identity morphisms as left and right unit elements.
An object is a terminal object in a category
if for each object as source there is exactly one
morphism with that object as target.
An object is a product object
of two given objects
if there are two special projection morphisms
having the product as source.
For any arbitrary morphism having an arbitrary object as source
and either of the two given objects as target
there must be a corresponding morphism
having the same arbitrary object as source
and the product object as target.

In a category with products there may also be exponential objects
of a given source object and a given target object.
Such an exponential object must have a special evaluation morphism
having the product of the given source object
and the exponential object as source
and the given target object as target.
For any arbitrary morphism
having the product of the source object and an arbitrary object
as source there must be exactly one corresponding ("curried")
morphism.
That arbitrary morphism must then be (essentially)
the composition of the corresponding morphism
and the evaluation morphism.
A Cartesian closed category
is one which has a terminal object,
and for any two objects their product and exponential,
together with their projection and evaluation morphisms.
In the category of sets,
products are Cartesian products,
exponentials are functions from sets to sets,
and evaluation morphisms are the application
of a function to a value.
In the category of logical systems,
products are conjunctions,
exponentials are conditionals,
projections are and-elimination rules
and evaluation morphisms are the modus ponens rule.
The language of categories is another functional language.
If it has products,
then it can deal with functions of several variables.
If it has exponentials,
then functions are "first class citizens".
The language is therefore an alternative
to the (typed) lambda calculus and to combinatory logic.
Whereas the lambda calculus needs variables,
the combinatory language and the categorical language do not.
Cartesian closed categories are explained for example in
Barr and Wells (1990 Chapter 6)
and in
Poigne (1992) .
Barr and Wells give an example of a simple lambda expression
with variables and a complicated looking categorical equivalent formula.
They suggest an acceptable reformulation of the categorical formula.
Both categorical versions
essentially replace occurrences of variables by
use of projection functions.
Could the language of categories be used for writing programs?
Any lambda expression can be translated into a categorical expression,
so the language of categories is expressively complete.
But this does not make it a suitable language for writing
programs.
As it stands it is a very low-level language.
On the other hand,
category theory has given rise to another model of computation:
the CAM or Categorical Abstract Machine,
described in
Cousineau et al (1985) ,
Cousineau et al (1987)
and in
Curien (1986) .
The machine language of the CAM is very elegant,
but programs in that language
look as inscrutable as low level programs in other
machine languages.
The language is of course suitable as the target language
for compilation from any functional language.
A very compact but comprehensive exposition
of a compiler from (a mini-) ML to CAM is described in
Clement et al (1986) .
Mauny and Su\'{a}rez (1986)
describe compilers from a strict and a nonstrict
version of ML
to an eager and a lazy version of the CAM.
The original translation from lambda expressions
to categorical combinators was quadratic in the worst case, but
Lins (1987)
introduces a linear translation to a simplified abstract machine code.
Hannan (1991)
uses a variant of the CAM for generating more concrete
code suitable for register-level implementation
or even micro-coding on conventional architectures.
An extension of ML for data-parallel computation has been implemented by
Hains and Foisy (1993)
to run on a distributed version of the CAM.
Combinatory languages should be seen as abstract machine languages.
In contrast, Joy was designed to be a high level language
to be used by the human programmer.
In all high level languages a program consists of a possibly
large collection of definitions and a comparatively small
main program.
The collection of definitions and their interrelations
can become very difficult to comprehend and maintain.
Many languages provide some mechanisms
for giving additional structure to the definitions
of functions and their interrelations.
One kind of interrelation is due to their mutual calling patterns.
The main program calls functions at level one,
and these call each other or functions at level two,
and so on.
A second structure that can be exploited is that due to
common types.
For example, functions which concatenate two strings
and reverse a string will not call each other
but belong together in an implementation of strings.
A third possible device only makes sense in imperative languages
because procedures have additional interrelations
due to global assignable variables
which might be written by one procedure and read by another.
One of the simplest but very powerful structuring mechanisms
is block structure.
It was already used in the earliest Lisp and in Algol 60,
and later in Pascal.
It has been retained almost all their descendants.
A block consists of any number of definitions followed by a body,
and a definition consists of a header and a block.
So definitions can contain local definitions and so on,
with no intrinsic limit to the levels of nesting.
Hence any definition can at least provide some
hiding of information
that is not needed outside.
This hiding could be used even in cases where what is defined
does not take any parameters at all.
(Thus it could be used in context-free grammars,
but apparently never is.)
More importantly, if there are parameters
in the header of a definition,
then the bodies of any enclosed definition can access those parameters.
Additionally, for an imperative language,
if there are assignable variables in a block,
then the bodies of any enclosed block can access these variables.
Access to non-local parameters and variables is automatic
via a static chain or a display.
This mechanism achieves what otherwise would have to be handled by
explicitly passing them as parameters.
Joy currently does not have block structure,
but it would be easy to implement.
Since Joy does not have formal parameters and no assignable
variables, block structure would only provide the benefit
of information hiding.
The popular imperative C language does not have block structure
but it does address the problem of hiding information about
assignable variables from function bodies that do not need this
information.
One such mechanism is that of own variables,
or internal static variables in C-terminology.
Such a variable can be declared, initialised and used within a single
function body and not be visible outside.
The value of the variable persists between successive calls
of the function.
The other mechanism is that of independent compilation units.
These are just files containing declarations of global variables
and functions without a main program.
The variables can be made invisible from outside their unit.
A complete program then consists of very few variables
visible everywhere,
and several files each containing a collection of variables
and procedures that belong together.
In Joy the first mechanism does not even make sense
because Joy as a functional language does not have any assignable
variables.
The second mechanism could still allow related functions to be kept
together in one file.
The current implementation of Joy does not use a single input file
but a stack of such files.
A new file can be opened and become the current input file
by an
Structuring devices similar to modules would benefit any language
for programming in the large.
Because Joy is so weakly typed,
definition modules would be almost pointless.
However, implementation modules with selective export would hide
utility functions of a module that are not needed outside the module.
Qualified names would then be as in Modula2.
A crude substitute for a hiding facility and for qualified names
is already used in the Joy libraries.
Hidden functions are given names that are not displayed by the
Since Joy does not have any assignable variables,
the notion of class and objects are not applicable.
However, hiding, inheritance and polymorphism would still be
useful.
Many operators in Joy are already polymorphic,
and it is possible to write libraries
which retain or even extend this property.
One of the most sophisticated devices for structuring programs
is to be found in the language ML.
For a good introduction, see
Paulson (1992 Chapter 7)
and
Sokolowski (1991 Chapters 8 and 9) .
A signature is very much like an definition module
in Modula2,
it specifies parameter types and result types of functions,
but it does not specify their bodies.
A structure is like an implementation module,
it specifies the bodies of functors
but does not hide implementation details.
Real hiding and hence real abstraction is provided by functors,
inspired by category theory.
In their simplest form they simply hide implementation detail.
But they can also take one or more other structures
as formal parameters and produce other structures as value.
The bodies of functions can access all the functions in
the formal structure parameters.
Functors must be instantiated with actual structures
before they can be used,
and they can be instantiated several times with
different actual parameters.
Instantiation of functors thus resembles calling a function
with actual parameters,
but like the generics of Ada, it occurs at compile time.
However, the functors of ML are far more powerful than
the generics of Ada.
Functors are again structuring devices for programming in the large.
They could be used not just for functional languages
but equally well for procedural,
logical or actor languages.
A mathematically very mature treatment of modules
in terms of category theory is given in
Ehrig and Mahr (1990) .
Categorical combinators
Programming in the large


Artists
{% set artists_index = [] %}
{%- for artist in artists -%}
{% set item = artist.pName[0]|lower if artist.pName[0].isalpha() else '#' %}
{% set artists_index = artists_index if item in artists_index else artists_index.append(item) %}
- Artworks:
{% for artwork in artist.artworks %}
- {{ artwork.name }}
{% else %}
- {{ artist.name }} doesn't have any artworks yet.
{% endfor %}
{%- else -%}
There are no artists in the database yet.
{%- endfor -%}
{% for item in artists_index %}
{{ item|upper }}
{% endfor %}


{% extends "base.html" %} {% block title %}
Medieval catalogues > UNIVERSITY AND COLLEGE LIBRARIES OF CAMBRIDGE > Donor documents > Will of Adam Wickmer, 4 October 1381; Trinity Hall
{% endif %}5 identified entries found.
All data was derived from the List of Identifications by Professor Richard Sharpe.
{% if not printing %}
A key to codes used in the List is available (opens in new tab).{% endif %}


Yama Silverton Hot or Cold Coffee Dripper
Copper/Wood 18 oz. by Yama Glass
Copper/Wood 18 oz. by Yama Glass
This versatile Silverton Dripper from Yama Glass can be used to brew tea, hot coffee, or cold brew coffee. It comes with a stainless steel cone filter, and also fits ceramic filters and Kalita 185 paper filters. The bottom beaker holds up to 473ml of coffee or tea, or about 16 ounces. The glass components are made of hand blown, heat resistant borosilicate glass, making it dishwasher and microwave safe. Alternatively sold with a wooden base and copper accents.
Specifications
- Wood base are 6 5/8" x 8 1/4"
- Coffee or Tea
- 473ml / 16oz liquid.
- 11’ tall
- Double Mesh Stainless Steel Filter
- Hand Blown
- Borosilicate glass
- Heat resistant
[optional content to be displayed on top of the images]


The administrator (or committee of administrators) compiles the voter roll.
(a) The administrator uses an offline computer to generate a pair of unique random codes for each voter, a ballot code and an ownership code.
(b) The administrator prints out the list of valid code pairs and archives the papers in a secure lockbox, to be opened after the voting deadline.
(a) The administrator prints out ballots, with a unique ballot code printed on the bottom of each page.
(b) For each ballot, administrators print a unique code page containing the corresponding ballot code and ownership code.
The ballot-generating computer is placed in an offline safe for auditing if necessary.
(a) The ballots and coded instruction pages are paired and placed in sealed envelopes.
(b) The envelopes are shuffled to ensure secrecy.
(c) The envelopes are distributed, either by mail or in person at polling stations.
(a) Voters fill out the enclosed ballot. Or, voters can create and print out their own ballots using with ballot code.
(b) Voters return the ballots by mail or in person.
(c) Voters retain their code page if they want to confirm their vote later.
(a) Ballots are scanned, either at a central scanning facility or at many polling stations.
Note: Scanning hardware can be "dumb", just taking scans and sending images to a server using Syncthing. (This allows the use of low-cost off-the-shelf scanners.)
(b) Scanning may be performed at a central facility or at many distributed facilities in parallel. In either case, the ballots should be archived for audit.
(a) After the voting deadline, the administrators open the locked vault and scan the pages of ballot codes. The scanned images are interpreted as codes and entered into a database.
(b) The scanned votes are then decrypted, filtered, interpreted, tallied, and published.
(c) Each published vote is indexed starting at 1 and includes a running total of the score. For conventional voting and score voting, the cumulative score after vote (n) is a function of vote (n) and the cumulative score after vote (n-1). This allows a decentralized audit to confirm the tally.
Voters can enter their ballot code online and receive the corresponding public vote index. This allows voters to verify that their vote was recorded as cast.
The administrator certifies the result.


 Wow! What is your name?
What colour fur do you have?
Create this cat!
Cat
Status:
Fear:
0/10
Hunger:
0/10
Sharpness:
10/10
Holding in mouth:
Weird bug
Special actions:
Something happens!
Something else!
Whaaat?


Valuation for {{title}}
This is the full valuation, property information and rateable value for this property.
The rateable value is an estimate of the rental value of your property on 1 April 2015. This has been calculated using the information on this page.
If any of the factual details about your property or land are incorrect, you (the owner, occupier or authorised agent) need to let the VOA know. Telling us about anything that’s incorrect is known as a check.
If all of your property details are correct but you believe your rateable value is incorrect, you must first complete a check and wait for the outcome before making a challenge.
Once you’ve completed a check, the VOA will contact you with the outcome. If you disagree with the outcome of the check or you believe the rateable value of your property is incorrect, you can let us know. Doing this is know as a challenge.
You can’t start a challenge until you’ve received the outcome for your check
- Rating list 2017 Help with Rating list
- Effective date 01 April 2017 Help with Effective date
- Primary description Offices and premises
- Valuation scheme reference 363805 Help with Valuation scheme reference
- Part domestic (composite) property No Help with Part domestic (composite) property
- Basis of measurement Net internal area Help with Basis of measurement
| Ref | Description | Relativity Help with Relativity | Area m2 or unit | £ per m2 or unit | Compounded adjustments Help with compounded adjustments | % | Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Second floor office | 1 | 156.27 | x | £237.50 |
|
£37,114 | |
| Unit 1 total | £37,114 |
Office details
- Basis of measurement Net internal area
- Raised floor No
- Central heating No coverage
- Air conditioning No coverage
- Passenger lift All floors
- Number of storeys 7
- Lowest floor of property Second floor
- Highest floor of property Second floor
- Year built 1919-1939
- Year refurbished No record
| £37,114 |
| £37,114 |


@* * Copyright 2023 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import controllers.helpers.{Add, Remove} @import components.buttons.add_button @import views.components.fields.LabelledValue @( field: Field, label: String, hint: Option[String] = None, elementsTableHeading: Option[String] = None, elements: Seq[String] = Seq.empty, labelClass: Option[String] = None, input: Html, includeAddButton: Boolean = true, valuePrefix: Option[String] = None, addField: Option[String] = None, addHint: String = "site.add", removeHint: String = "site.remove.hint" )(implicit messages: Messages)


Joe Cooper's Top Tens of the Tens!
Hey thanks for visiting!
This is just a simple project displaying my top ten albums over a number of years. I love music and obsessively rank my favorite albums in my head each year. I thought it might be a fun personal project to develop a fancy little page that shows off my AJAX/JSON talents.
You can begin your journey by clicking on a year up above. From there, you can either click through or use the arrow keys on your keyboard to navigate around the page.


---
layout: home
---
Our team develops statistical methods and analytical tools to help people make sense of data. Building on close collaborative relationships with public health practitioners from across the world -- from Denver to San Juan to Bangkok -- we use modern statistical and machine learning tools to gain insights into complex disease systems.
We build software packages, maintain code repositories, develop databases, create interactive data visualizations, and run computationally intensive simulation studies. Depending on the project, we code using mix of R, python, javascript, d3, C, and C++.
Check out our work on GitHub.
Our team develops models for understanding complex and dynamic systems of infectious disease. We have developed real-time forecasts of dengue fever in Thailand, estimated the duration of cross-protection between serotypes of dengue, and predicted the trajectory of the flu season in the US.
Posted on {{ post.date | date: '%d %B, %Y' }}
{{ post.excerpt }}


Omnip0TENth's regrets
Honestly...
Navigation
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| Station / Squad | Topic | Location |
|---|---|---|
| Daytime | Health & Wellness | Station 1 |
| Squads 1-3 & 10 | Health & Wellness | Station 4 |
| Squads 4-6 & 11 | LSU / Gross Decon * | Station 1 |
| Squads 7-9 & 12 | Truck Co - Vent, FE | SMPSTF - Edina |
| * Required |
Health & Wellness
Truck company skill stations for forcible entry, positive pressure ventilation. Be sure to bring apparatus with appropriate tools.
Health and Wellness training program. Wear workout clothing.
Review LSU rehab procedures and after incident gross firefighter decon.
Allina EMS will also be running Tactical EMS. This session is required by all EMTs and higher due to national registry content being covered for certification.


Ok so I play a few instruments, but I'm no master. In fact now Im probally more novice than a that kitten playing keyboard
but I try so dont hate
everywhere, always
Ok so I play a few instruments, but I'm no master. In fact now Im probally more novice than a that kitten playing keyboard
but I try so dont hate


ThreeJS: Mr. Doob
Particle Engine: Luke Moody
Water shaders and terrain generation library: Jeremy Bouny
Music: Rameses B


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To add a badge style You have to add .badge
class to element. To change a color od badge you can add extra class like .badge-primary
.
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Analogic to badge. To add a label style You have to add .label
class to element. To change a color od label you can add extra class like .label-primary
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The Mess
Menu
Menu Table
Breakfast
Price
Eggs
$2.50
Fresh non-factory farm
Pancakes
$3.50
Gluten free
Eggs & Sausage
$4.50
Vegan Sausage
Lunch
Price
Ramen
$5.00
Contains Soba(Buckwheat)
Burger
$3.50
Potato buns
Chicken Wrap
$4.50
Suated with peanuts
Dinner
Price
Rice with fish
$7.00
Covered in a oaster sauce
Steamed lobster
$14.50
Contains mushrooms
Crab
$10.50
With stew