- alert
- cdi
- code
- depth
- depthError
- detail
- dmin
- felt
- gap
- horizontalError
- id
- ids
- latitude
- locationSource
- longitude
- mag
- magError
- magNst
- magSource
- magType
- mmi
- net
- nph
- nst
- place
- rms
- sig
- sources
- status
- time
- tsunami
- type
- types
- tz
- updated
- url
- alert
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- “green”, “yellow”, “orange”, “red”.
- Description
- The alert level from the PAGER earthquake impact scale.
- cdi
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0.0, 10.0]
- Description
- The maximum reported intensity for the event. Computed by DYFI. While typically reported as a roman numeral, for the purposes of this API, intensity is expected as the decimal equivalent of the roman numeral. Learn more about magnitude vs. intensity.
- code
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- "2013lgaz", "c000f1jy", "71935551"
- Description
- An identifying code assigned by - and unique from - the corresponding source for the event.
- depth
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0, 1000]
- Description
- Depth of the event in kilometers.
- Additional Information
-
The depth where the earthquake begins to rupture. This depth may be relative to the WGS84 geoid, mean sea-level, or the average elevation of the seismic stations which provided arrival-time data for the earthquake location. The choice of reference depth is dependent on the method used to locate the earthquake, which varies by seismic network. Since ComCat includes data from many different seismic networks, the process for determining the depth is different for different events. The depth is the least-constrained parameter in the earthquake location, and the error bars are generally larger than the variation due to different depth determination methods.
Sometimes when depth is poorly constrained by available seismic data, the location program will set the depth at a fixed value. For example, 33 km is often used as a default depth for earthquakes determined to be shallow, but whose depth is not satisfactorily determined by the data, whereas default depths of 5 or 10 km are often used in mid-continental areas and on mid-ocean ridges since earthquakes in these areas are usually shallower than 33 km.
- depthError
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0, 100]
- Description
- Uncertainty of reported depth of the event in kilometers.
- Additional Information
-
The depth error, in km, defined as the largest projection of the three principal errors on a vertical line.
- detail
-
- Data Type
- String
- Description
-
Link to GeoJSON detail feed from a
GeoJSON summary feed.
NOTE: When searching and using geojson with callback, no callback is included in the
detail
url.
- dmin
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0.4, 7.1]
- Description
- Horizontal distance from the epicenter to the nearest station (in degrees). 1 degree is approximately 111.2 kilometers. In general, the smaller this number, the more reliable is the calculated depth of the earthquake.
- felt
-
- Data Type
- Integer
- Typical Values
- [44, 843]
- Description
- The total number of felt reports submitted to the DYFI? system.
- gap
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0.0, 180.0]
- Description
- The largest azimuthal gap between azimuthally adjacent stations (in degrees). In general, the smaller this number, the more reliable is the calculated horizontal position of the earthquake. Earthquake locations in which the azimuthal gap exceeds 180 degrees typically have large location and depth uncertainties.
- horizontalError
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0, 100]
- Description
- Uncertainty of reported location of the event in kilometers.
- Additional Information
-
The horizontal location error, in km, defined as the length of the largest projection of the three principal errors on a horizontal plane. The principal errors are the major axes of the error ellipsoid, and are mutually perpendicular. The horizontal and vertical uncertainties in an event's location varies from about 100 m horizontally and 300 meters vertically for the best located events, those in the middle of densely spaced seismograph networks, to 10s of kilometers for global events in many parts of the world. We report an "unknown" value if the contributing seismic network does not supply uncertainty estimates.
- id
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- A (generally) two-character network identifier with a (generally) eight-character network-assigned code.
- Description
- A unique identifier for the event. This is the current preferred id for the event, and may change over time. See the "ids" GeoJSON format property.
- ids
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- ",ci15296281,us2013mqbd,at00mji9pf,"
- Description
- A comma-separated list of event ids that are associated to an event.
- latitude
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [-90.0, 90.0]
- Description
- Decimal degrees latitude. Negative values for southern latitudes.
- Additional Information
-
An earthquake begins to rupture at a hypocenter which is defined by a position on the surface of the earth (epicenter) and a depth below this point (focal depth). We provide the coordinates of the epicenter in units of latitude and longitude. The latitude is the number of degrees north (N) or south (S) of the equator and varies from 0 at the equator to 90 at the poles. The longitude is the number of degrees east (E) or west (W) of the prime meridian which runs through Greenwich, England. The longitude varies from 0 at Greenwich to 180 and the E or W shows the direction from Greenwich. Coordinates are given in the WGS84 reference frame. The position uncertainty of the hypocenter location varies from about 100 m horizontally and 300 meters vertically for the best located events, those in the middle of densely spaced seismograph networks, to 10s of kilometers for global events in many parts of the world.
- locationSource
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- ak, at, ci, hv, ld, mb, nc, nm, nn, pr, pt, se, us, uu, uw
- Description
- The network that originally authored the reported location of this event.
- longitude
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [-180.0, 180.0]
- Description
- Decimal degrees longitude. Negative values for western longitudes.
- Additional Information
-
An earthquake begins to rupture at a hypocenter which is defined by a position on the surface of the earth (epicenter) and a depth below this point (focal depth). We provide the coordinates of the epicenter in units of latitude and longitude. The latitude is the number of degrees north (N) or south (S) of the equator and varies from 0 at the equator to 90 at the poles. The longitude is the number of degrees east (E) or west (W) of the prime meridian which runs through Greenwich, England. The longitude varies from 0 at Greenwich to 180 and the E or W shows the direction from Greenwich. Coordinates are given in the WGS84 reference frame. The position uncertainty of the hypocenter location varies from about 100 m horizontally and 300 meters vertically for the best located events, those in the middle of densely spaced seismograph networks, to 10s of kilometers for global events in many parts of the world.
- mag
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [-1.0, 10.0]
- Description
- The magnitude for the event. See also magType.
- Additional Information
-
The magnitude reported is that which the U.S. Geological Survey considers official for this earthquake, and was the best available estimate of the earthquake’s size, at the time that this page was created. Other magnitudes associated with web pages linked from here are those determined at various times following the earthquake with different types of seismic data. Although they are legitimate estimates of magnitude, the U.S. Geological Survey does not consider them to be the preferred "official" magnitude for the event.
Earthquake magnitude is a measure of the size of an earthquake at its source. It is a logarithmic measure. At the same distance from the earthquake, the amplitude of the seismic waves from which the magnitude is determined are approximately 10 times as large during a magnitude 5 earthquake as during a magnitude 4 earthquake. The total amount of energy released by the earthquake usually goes up by a larger factor: for many commonly used magnitude types, the total energy of an average earthquake goes up by a factor of approximately 32 for each unit increase in magnitude.
There are various ways that magnitude may be calculated from seismograms. Different methods are effective for different sizes of earthquakes and different distances between the earthquake source and the recording station. The various magnitude types are generally defined so as to yield magnitude values that agree to within a few-tenths of a magnitude-unit for earthquakes in a middle range of recorded-earthquake sizes, but the various magnitude-types may have values that differ by more than a magnitude-unit for very large and very small earthquakes as well as for some specific classes of seismic source. This is because earthquakes are commonly complex events that release energy over a wide range of frequencies and at varying amounts as the faulting or rupture process occurs. The various types of magnitude measure different aspects of the seismic radiation (e.g., low-frequency energy vs. high-frequency energy). The relationship among values of different magnitude types that are assigned to a particular seismic event may enable the seismologist to better understand the processes at the focus of the seismic event. The various magnitude-types are not all available at the same time for a particular earthquake.
Preliminary magnitudes based on incomplete but rapidly-available data are sometimes estimated and reported. For example, the Tsunami Warning Centers will calculate a preliminary magnitude and location for an event as soon as sufficient data are available to make an estimate. In this case, time is of the essence in order to broadcast a warning if tsunami waves are likely to be generated by the event. Such preliminary magnitudes are superseded by improved estimates of magnitude as more data become available.
For large earthquakes of the present era, the magnitude that is ultimately selected as the preferred magnitude for reporting to the public is commonly a moment magnitude that is based on the scalar seismic-moment of an earthquake determined by calculation of the seismic moment-tensor that best accounts for the character of the seismic waves generated by the earthquake. The scalar seismic-moment, a parameter of the seismic moment-tensor, can also be estimated via the multiplicative product rigidity of faulted rock x area of fault rupture x average fault displacement during the earthquake.
- magError
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0, 100]
- Description
- Uncertainty of reported magnitude of the event. The estimated standard error of the magnitude. The uncertainty corresponds to the specific magnitude type being reported and does not take into account magnitude variations and biases between different magnitude scales. We report an "unknown" value if the contributing seismic network does not supply uncertainty estimates.
- magNst
-
- Data Type
- Integer
- Description
- The total number of seismic stations used to calculate the magnitude for this earthquake.
- magSource
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- ak, at, ci, hv, ld, mb, nc, nm, nn, pr, pt, se, us, uu, uw
- Description
- Network that originally authored the reported magnitude for this event.
- magType
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- “Md”, “Ml”, “Ms”, “Mw”, “Me”, “Mi”, “Mb”, “MLg”
- Description
- The method or algorithm used to calculate the preferred magnitude for the event.
- Additional Information
- See Magnitude Types Table.
- mmi
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0.0, 10.0]
- Description
- The maximum estimated instrumental intensity for the event. Computed by ShakeMap. While typically reported as a roman numeral, for the purposes of this API, intensity is expected as the decimal equivalent of the roman numeral. Learn more about magnitude vs. intensity.
- net
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- ak, at, ci, hv, ld, mb, nc, nm, nn, pr, pt, se, us, uu, uw
- Description
- The ID of a data contributor. Identifies the network considered to be the preferred source of information for this event.
- nph
-
- Number of Phases Used
- String
- Description
- Number of P and S arrival-time observations used to compute the hypocenter location. Increased numbers of arrival-time observations generally result in improved earthquake locations.
- nst
-
- Data Type
- Integer
- Description
- The total number of seismic stations used to determine earthquake location.
- Additional Information
-
Number of seismic stations which reported P- and S-arrival times for this earthquake. This number may be larger than the Number of Phases Used if arrival times are rejected because the distance to a seismic station exceeds the maximum allowable distance or because the arrival-time observation is inconsistent with the solution.
- place
-
- Data Type
- String
- Description
- Textual description of named geographic region near to the event. This may be a city name, or a Flinn-Engdahl Region name.
- Additional Information
-
We use a GeoNames dataset to reference populated places that are in close proximity to a seismic event. GeoNames has compiled a list of cities in the United States where the population is 1,000 or greater (cities1000.txt). This is the primary list that we use when selecting nearby places. In order to provide the public with a better understanding for the location of an event we try to list a variety of places in our nearby places list. This includes the closest known populated place in relation to the seismic event (which based on our dataset will have a population of 1,000 or greater). We also include the next 3 closest places that have a population of 10,000 or greater, and finally make sure to include the closest capital city to the seismic event.
The reference point for the descriptive locations is usually either the City Hall of the town (or prominent intersection in the middle of town if there is no City Hall), but please refer to the GeoNames website for the most accurate information on their data.
If there is no nearby city within 300 kilometers (or if the nearby cities database is unavailable for some reason), the Flinn-Engdahl (F-E) seismic and geographical regionalization scheme is used. The boundaries of these regions are defined at one-degree intervals and therefore differ from irregular political boundaries. For example, F-E region 545 (Northern Italy) also includes small parts of France, Switzerland, Austria and Slovenia and F-E region 493 (Chesapeake Bay Region) includes all of the State of Delaware, plus parts of the District of Columbia, Maryland, New Jersey, Pennsylvania and Virginia. Beginning with January 2000, the 1995 revision to the F-E code has been used in the QED and PDE listings.
As an agency of the U.S. Government, we are expected to use the names and spellings approved by the U.S. Board on Geographic Names. Any requests to approve additional names should be made to the U.S. Board on Geographic Names.
- rms
-
- Data Type
- Decimal
- Typical Values
- [0.13,1.39]
- Description
- The root-mean-square (RMS) travel time residual, in sec, using all weights. This parameter provides a measure of the fit of the observed arrival times to the predicted arrival times for this location. Smaller numbers reflect a better fit of the data. The value is dependent on the accuracy of the velocity model used to compute the earthquake location, the quality weights assigned to the arrival time data, and the procedure used to locate the earthquake.
- sig
-
- Data Type
- Integer
- Typical Values
- [0, 1000]
- Description
- A number describing how significant the event is. Larger numbers indicate a more significant event. This value is determined on a number of factors, including: magnitude, maximum MMI, felt reports, and estimated impact.
- sources
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- ",us,nc,ci,"
- Description
- A comma-separated list of network contributors.
- status
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- “automatic”, “reviewed”, “deleted”
- Description
- Indicates whether the event has been reviewed by a human.
- Additional Information
-
Status is either automatic or reviewed. Automatic events are directly posted by automatic processing systems and have not been verified or altered by a human. Reviewed events have been looked at by a human. The level of review can range from a quick validity check to a careful reanalysis of the event.
- time
-
- Data Type
- Long Integer
- Description
-
Time when the event occurred. Times are reported in
milliseconds since the epoch (
1970-01-01T00:00:00.000Z
), and do not include leap seconds. In certain output formats, the date is formatted for readability. - Additional Information
-
We indicate the date and time when the earthquake initiates rupture, which is known as the "origin" time. Note that large earthquakes can continue rupturing for many 10's of seconds. We provide time in UTC (Coordinated Universal Time). Seismologists use UTC to avoid confusion caused by local time zones and daylight savings time. On the individual event pages, times are also provided for the time at the epicenter, and your local time based on the time your computer is set.
- tsunami
-
- Data Type
- Integer
- Description
-
This flag is set to "1" for large events in oceanic regions and "0"
otherwise. The existence or value of this flag does not
indicate if a tsunami actually did or will exist. If the
flag value is "1", the event will include a link to the NOAA Tsunami
website for tsunami information. The USGS is not responsible for
Tsunami warning; we are simply providing a link to the authoritative
NOAA source.
See http://www.tsunami.gov/ for all current tsunami alert statuses.
- type
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- “earthquake”, “quarry”
- Description
- Type of seismic event.
- types
-
- Data Type
- String
- Typical Values
- “,cap,dyfi,general-link,origin,p-wave-travel-times,phase-data,”
- Description
- A comma-separated list of product types associated to this event.
- tz
-
- Data Type
- Integer
- Typical Values
- [-1200, +1200]
- Description
- Timezone offset from UTC in minutes at the event epicenter.
- updated
-
- Data Type
- Long Integer
- Description
- Time when the event was most recently updated. Times are reported in milliseconds since the epoch. In certain output formats, the date is formatted for readability.
- url
-
- Data Type
- String
- Description
- Link to USGS Event Page for event.


ITK-BusinessAck-OperationOutcome-1
| OperationOutcome | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 0..* |
| Type | OperationOutcome |
| Comments | |
| OperationOutcome.id | |
| Definition |
The logical id of the resource, as used in the URL for the resource. Once assigned, this value never changes. |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | Id |
| Comments |
The only time that a resource does not have an id is when it is being submitted to the server using a create operation. Bundles always have an id, though it is usually a generated UUID. |
| OperationOutcome.meta | |
| Definition |
The metadata about the resource. This is content that is maintained by the infrastructure. Changes to the content may not always be associated with version changes to the resource. |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | Meta |
| Comments | |
| OperationOutcome.implicitRules | |
| Definition |
A reference to a set of rules that were followed when the resource was constructed, and which must be understood when processing the content. |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | Uri |
| Is Modifier | True |
| Comments |
Asserting this rule set restricts the content to be only understood by a limited set of trading partners. This inherently limits the usefulness of the data in the long term. However, the existing health eco-system is highly fractured, and not yet ready to define, collect, and exchange data in a generally computable sense. Wherever possible, implementers and/or specification writers should avoid using this element as much as possible. |
| OperationOutcome.language | |
| Definition |
The base language in which the resource is written. |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Binding |
A human language. The codes SHALL be taken from http://tools.ietf.org/html/bcp47 |
| Type | Code |
| Comments |
Language is provided to support indexing and accessibility (typically, services such as text to speech use the language tag). The html language tag in the narrative applies to the narrative. The language tag on the resource may be used to specify the language of other presentations generated from the data in the resource Not all the content has to be in the base language. The Resource.language should not be assumed to apply to the narrative automatically. If a language is specified, it should it also be specified on the div element in the html (see rules in HTML5 for information about the relationship between xml:lang and the html lang attribute). |
| OperationOutcome.text | |
| Definition |
A human-readable narrative that contains a summary of the resource, and may be used to represent the content of the resource to a human. The narrative need not encode all the structured data, but is required to contain sufficient detail to make it "clinically safe" for a human to just read the narrative. Resource definitions may define what content should be represented in the narrative to ensure clinical safety. |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | Narrative |
| Aliases | narrative, html, xhtml, display |
| Comments |
Contained resources do not have narrative. Resources that are not contained SHOULD have a narrative. |
| OperationOutcome.contained | |
| Definition |
These resources do not have an independent existence apart from the resource that contains them - they cannot be identified independently, and nor can they have their own independent transaction scope. |
| Control | 0..* |
| Type | Resource |
| Aliases | inline resources, anonymous resources, contained resources |
| Comments |
This should never be done when the content can be identified properly, as once identification is lost, it is extremely difficult (and context dependent) to restore it again. |
| OperationOutcome.extension | |
| Definition |
May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
| Control | 0..* ? |
| Type | Extension |
| Aliases | extensions, user content |
| Comments |
There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
| OperationOutcome.modifierExtension | |
| Definition |
May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the resource, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. |
| Control | 0..* ? |
| Type | Extension |
| Is Modifier | True |
| Aliases | extensions, user content |
| Comments |
There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
| OperationOutcome.issue | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 0..1 |
| Comments | |
| OperationOutcome.issue.id | |
| Definition |
unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | Id |
| Comments |
RFC 4122 |
| OperationOutcome.issue.extension | |
| Definition |
May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
| Control | 0..* ? |
| Type | Extension |
| Aliases | extensions, user content |
| Comments |
There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
| OperationOutcome.issue.modifierExtension | |
| Definition |
May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element, and that modifies the understanding of the element that contains it. Usually modifier elements provide negation or qualification. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. Applications processing a resource are required to check for modifier extensions. |
| Control | 0..* ? |
| Type | Extension |
| Is Modifier | True |
| Aliases | extensions, user content, modifiers |
| Comments |
There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
| OperationOutcome.issue.severity | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 0..* |
| Comments | |
| Example | information |
| OperationOutcome.issue.code | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 0..* |
| Comments | |
| Example | informational |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 1..* |
| Binding |
The codes SHALL be taken from the following if appropriate, otherwise an alternate coding may be included instead. https://fhir.nhs.uk/ValueSet/itk-business-acknowledgement-1 |
| Must Support | True |
| Comments | |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.id | |
| Definition |
unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | Id |
| Comments |
RFC 4122 |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.extension | |
| Definition |
May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
| Control | 0..* ? |
| Type | Extension |
| Aliases | extensions, user content |
| Comments |
There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.coding | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 1..1 |
| Comments | |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.coding.id | |
| Definition |
unique id for the element within a resource (for internal references). |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | Id |
| Comments |
RFC 4122 |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.coding.extension | |
| Definition |
May be used to represent additional information that is not part of the basic definition of the element. In order to make the use of extensions safe and manageable, there is a strict set of governance applied to the definition and use of extensions. Though any implementer is allowed to define an extension, there is a set of requirements that SHALL be met as part of the definition of the extension. |
| Control | 0..* ? |
| Type | Extension |
| Aliases | extensions, user content |
| Comments |
There can be no stigma associated with the use of extensions by any application, project, or standard - regardless of the institution or jurisdiction that uses or defines the extensions. The use of extensions is what allows the FHIR specification to retain a core level of simplicity for everyone. |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.coding.system | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 1..* |
| Comments | |
| Fixed Value | https://fhir.nhs.uk/ValueSet/itk-business-acknowledgement-1 |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.coding.version | |
| Definition |
The version of the code system which was used when choosing this code. Note that a well-maintained code system does not need the version reported, because the meaning of codes is consistent across versions. However this cannot consistently be assured. and when the meaning is not guaranteed to be consistent, the version SHOULD be exchanged. |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | String |
| Comments |
Where the terminology does not clearly define what string should be used to identify code system versions, the recommendation is to use the date (expressed in FHIR date format) on which that version was officially published as the version date. |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.coding.code | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 1..* |
| Comments | |
| Example | 41001 |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.coding.display | |
| Definition | |
| Control | 1..* |
| Comments | |
| Example | Patient known here. (e.g. Patient is registered here) |
| OperationOutcome.issue.details.text | |
| Definition |
A human language representation of the concept as seen/selected/uttered by the user who entered the data and/or which represents the intended meaning of the user. |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | String |
| Requirements |
The codes from the terminologies do not always capture the correct meaning with all the nuances of the human using them, or sometimes there is no appropriate code at all. In these cases, the text is used to capture the full meaning of the source. |
| Comments |
Very often the text is the same as a displayName of one of the codings. |
| OperationOutcome.issue.diagnostics | |
| Definition |
Additional diagnostic information about the issue. Typically, this may be a description of how a value is erroneous, or a stack dump to help trace the issue. |
| Control | 0..1 ? |
| Type | String |
| Comments |
Typically this field is used to provide troubleshooting information about the error. |
| OperationOutcome.issue.location | |
| Definition |
A simple XPath limited to element names, repetition indicators and the default child access that identifies one of the elements in the resource that caused this issue to be raised. |
| Control | 0..* ? |
| Type | String |
| Requirements |
Allows systems to highlight or otherwise guide users to elements implicated in issues to allow them to be fixed more easily. |
| Comments |
The root of the XPath is the resource or bundle that generated OperationOutcome. Each XPath SHALL resolve to a single node. The XPath syntax is used whether the referenced instance is expressed in XML or JSON. |


The Nokia 9000i Communicator has 8 megabytes of Flash RAM in it. It is partitioned as follows:
The display is a grayscale LCD screen 640x200 pixels, measuring 115 by 36 millimeters. The screen is neither touch-sensitive nor pen operable. The left status pane is 80 pixels wide and the command buttons at the right have a variable width, so an application's usable screen dimensions will be less than or equal to 560x200 pixels. For instance, the web browser has 540x200 pixels of usable display for web pages.
Current Nokia 9000i Communicators support 4 levels of gray, but future versions (the GSM European and PCS United States versions) will support 8 levels of gray. Even though the 8-level grayscale devices default to 4 levels of gray, applications may change modes on-the-fly.
The keyboard is a standard QWERTY keyboard. English, French German and Scandinavian versions are currently available.
The following is a list of all the available fonts, their sizes, styles, and comments.
| Font: | Available Size: | Styles: | Comments: |
| FID_RESPONDER | 14 | Bold | -- |
| 16 | Plain, Bold | -- | |
| 17 | Plain | -- | |
| 18 | Plain, Bold, Italic, Bold-Italic | FID_RESPONDER 18 is the default font | |
| 20 | Bold, Bold-Italic | -- | |
| FID_TERMINAL | 8 | Plain | Tiny, 7 pixel wide font need to display 80 characters per line, for Telnet and the like |
| 16 | Plain | Also 7 pixels wide, but vertically stretched for legibility; you can only display 12 lines of text on the screen using this font. | |
| FID_TERMINAL_GRAPHIC | 8 | Plain | 7 pixel wide font need to display 80 characters per line. Has VT100 graphics above 80h.. |
| 16 | Plain | 7 pixels wide, but vertically stretched for legibility; you can only display 12 lines of text in this font. Has VT100 graphics above 80h. | |
| FID_DTC_URW_SANS | Any Size | -- | Outline font. |
| FID_DTC_URW_MONO | Any Size | -- | Outline font. |
| FID_DTC_URW_ROMAN | Any Size | -- | Outline font. |
| FID_BISON | -- | -- | This font has only one character, '*'. This is used for passwords. |
There are two types of icons: Status Pane Icons and File List Icons.
When creating a status pane icon using the Icon Editor, use the following settings:
When creating a file list icon using the Icon Editor, use the following settings:
Icons can make use of 4 layers of grey. When drawing an icon, use the following mapping of colors to create the correct gray level in the icon: (if other color values are used, they will not show up.)
| GEOS Color | Icon Level of Gray |
| C_WHITE | White |
| C_LIGHT_VIOLET | Light Gray |
| C_GREEN | Dark Gray |
| C_BLACK | Black |
Other graphics can make use of the 16 GEOS enumerated color types to choose the appropriate gray. The device will correctly map the color to the correct level of gray, depending on number of screen grays available. The following table displays how different colors will map to gray on 4- and 8- level grayscale modes.
| GEOS Color | 4 Levels of Gray | 8 Levels of Gray |
| C_BLACK, C_DARK_GRAY | Black | Black |
| C_BLUE, C_LIGHT_BLUE | Dark-dark gray | |
| C_GREEN, C_LIGHT_GREEN | Dark gray | Mid-dark gray |
| C_CYAN, C_LIGHT_CYAN | Light-dark gray | |
| C_RED, C_LIGHT_RED | Light gray | Dark-light gray |
| C_VIOLET, C_LIGHT_VIOLET | Mid-light gray | |
| C_YELLOW, C_BROWN | White | Light-light gray |
| C_WHITE, C_LIGHT_GRAY | White |
Often, it is useful to get a qualitative measure of the available free disk space to check whether the disk is dangerously full. The disk warning levels are:
To maintain a consistent look-and-feel for all Nokia 9000i applications, it is important that developers follow the same set of UI conventions. The most important navigation tool on the Nokia 9000i are the four triggers at the right side. The application specifies what these triggers are and which slot (0, 1, 2, or 3) each of these triggers belongs in. In general, applications should use:
Applications launched from "Extras" must have a close button that calls MSG_FSA_RETURN_TO_LAUNCHER
You can use up to 6 triggers by setting up two panes of triggers. If this is done, than the fourth trigger of each group must be either "More" or "Back" text monikers with the associated right and left pointing icons.
To reset the Nokia 9000i Communicator and effectively erase every bit of data on the phone (except, of course, the factory settings and data) you must pull out the main battery, put it back in, then hold down the keys Shift-Esc-f. You will be prompted to format the RAM of the device and you can cancel here if you don't really want to erase the data.
Once the phone has been reset you must re-enter all of the user data again, including your home country, name, and address.
You can get version information from the INI file on the
Nokia 9000i Communicator. The information is stored as a string in
[UI]swSerialNumber
.
The string is 27 characters long. This same string can be seen on the last
line of About this product. The whole string looks like this:
000000/00/2a0030808044001/0.
The interesting part is: 2a0030808044001. The three first characters identify hardware version (here 2.10), six following characters identify software version (here 03.08.08), three following characters identify the country code (44 = Great Britain) and the last three characters identify the keyboard type (here 001 = English).
Here is sample code that shows how to extract the version information:
@start StringRes; @chunk TCHAR UICategory[] = "ui"; @chunk TCHAR SWSerialNumber[] = "swSerialNumber"; @end StringRes; ... @method TestProcessClass, MSG_TEST_PROCESS_GET_VERSION { TCHAR version[28] = ""; TCHAR * category; TCHAR * key; word value; MemLock( OptrToHandle( @UICategory ) ); category = (TCHAR *) LMemDeref( @UICategory ); key = (TCHAR *) LMemDeref( @SWSerialNumber ); InitFileReadStringBuffer( category, key, version, IFRF_SIZE | 28, &value ); /* * Extract the information you want from version string. */ MemUnlock( OptrToHandle( @UICategory ) ); }
After the Nokia 9000i Communicator's lid is closed, the Communicator waits for 30 seconds and then turns off the CPU. Of course, the CPU will not turn off until all applications are idle.
To receive notification that the lid is closed, an application should
register on the GCN list GCNSLT_RESPONDER_NOTIFICATIONS
.
It should watch for MSG_META_NOTIFY
with
notificationType == GWNT_RESPONDER_NOTIFICATION
,
manufID == MANUFACTURER_ID_GEOWORKS
and
data == RNT_LID_CLOSED
.
(ResponderNotificationType
is defined in N9000v20\CInclude\Internal\respondr.goh)
To debug on an actual Nokia 9000i Communicator, you need to attach your host PC to the device's 6-pin serial port and set the host ptty baud setting to 38400. Remove the battery so the phone shuts down. Then replace the battery and press:
SHIFT-D-O (that is 'O' not zero) to boot and wait for swat to attach.
SHIFT-D-B to boot with swat stub loaded, but doesn't wait for swat to attach.
Note that IR connections and PC connectivity won't work while the Nokia 9000i Communicator is in debug mode. (IR shares a UART with the swat port, so you trying to open the port will lock the device.)
Also note that debugging on the device is limited because you cannot set breakpoints in any of the system routines (since they are in ROM). Mostly you can check backtraces and set breakpoints in your own application.


Program
Festival
Base Controller Value: {{model.value}}
Update In Base
Derived Controller Value: {{model.value}}
Update In Derived


|
Fractal Trees With Springs
0.1
|
For demo purposes. Listens for changes in UI and updates Space Colonization variables. More...
Public Attributes | |
| TreeBuilder | treeBuilder |
| DemoLeafPlacement | leafPlacement |
| InputField | lengthInput |
| InputField | widthInput |
| InputField | minDistanceToLeafInput |
| InputField | maxDistanceToLeafInput |
| Button | clearButton |
| Button | generateButton |
For demo purposes. Listens for changes in UI and updates Space Colonization variables.


Test your self.
Read the instructions, Listen to the example, Try it out yourself using the different vocal sounds listed below.
| Vocal Sound | audio demo |
|---|---|
| {{rangesoundlevel.Vocal_sound }} |
Then Rate yourself.
1 = the task was quite difficult.
2 = the task was achievable but i need more practice.
3 = this task was very easy
| objective | Introduction | Listen | Record yourself | How did you do? |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Range | Using any vocal sound you find comfortable. go up and down the scales changing the keys as you go along Rate yourself on how clear your scales were and how many key climbs you were able to do. Level 1 - I ascended up the scales but couldnt descend or change scale keys Level 2 - I was able to ascend and decend through the scales on up to two keys Level 3 - I was able to ascend, decend and randomly go through the scales. I was able to change the scale key a number of times |
|
||
| Control |
It is well established that practice is influencial in improving vocal ability. Listen to the example and try to copy. rate yourself. Were you able to complete each riff? did it sound the same? if yes rate the ease with which you were able to complete the task. Level 1 - I wasnt able to do the runs successfully Level 2 - I was able to follow the runs but it didnt sound great Level 3 - I was able to follow the runs and it sounded great |
|
||
| Tone |
Using any vocal sound you find comfortable. Perform a single note remaining on your most comfortable note for as long as you can. Rate yoursef depending on how long you can hold a full sound. Level 1 - Up to 10 seconds Level 2 - Up to 15 seconds Level 3 - Above 20 seconds |
|
||
| Pitch |
Using the La vocal sound try to perform a siren sound. Rate yoursef on your abilty to perform the full sound and its clarity. Level 1 - i couldnt make the siren sound Level 2 - I was able to do one full sirent but couldnt replecated on another key. Level 3 - I was able to do a siren using different vocal sounds ascending and decending across different keys. |
|


{% extends "main/home.html" %} {% load staticfiles %} {% block includes %} {% endblock %} {% block content %}
CeGID will transform the lives of patients with primary immune diseases by discovering the genetic causes of their diseases; caring for them compassionately through innovative treatments aimed at cure; and offering education and advocacy. We enhance the Precision Health mission of the School of Medicine by deepening our understanding of genetic and epigenetic immune factors that confer risk for autoimmune and infectious disease. We will offer personalized medical care for each patient based on genetic, functional, and other findings, including repurposing drugs for individual use and running clinical trials for cohorts. We will make long-lasting, transformative changes in the field of immune diseases by bringing together researchers from around Stanford and across the world to our cause.


Toggle navigation
Rapido Cars
Home
Contact Us
About
SignUp
LogIn
Rapido Cars
Subscribe to our news letter.
Subscribe


Get Started with the Tanzu Community Edition
Deploy microservices and scale applications with Tanzu Community Edition
--- layout: page title: "Resources" id: resources ---
The Tanzu Community Edition sandboxes are freely available, hosted environments with Tanzu Community Edition clusters ready for you to use. Try out these workshops for hands-on learning in sandbox environments:
Get Started with the Tanzu Community Edition
Deploy microservices and scale applications with Tanzu Community Edition
Introduction to Package Management
Build a Kubernetes platform perfectly suited to your needs
Visit the Tanzu Developer Center to learn more about cloud native technologies and practices. You'll find informative articles, guides, videos, samples, workshops, and more on topics that matter to you, including:
KubeAcademy is a free, product-agnostic Kubernetes and cloud native technology education program built by a team of expert instructors. Courses comprise a series of short video lessons and dive into topics for skill levels ranging from beginner to advanced.
Every week, TGIK hosts live-stream their dive into new Kubernetes tools and concepts. Join every Friday at 1pm PT to follow along and learn.


CROUCHING TIGER, HIDDEN DRAGON (Wo Hu Zang Long)
Reviewed by Harvey Karten Sony Pictures Classics Director: Ang Lee Writer: James Schamus, Wang Hui Ling, Tsai Kuro Jung, book by Wang Du Lu Cast: Chow Yun-Fat, Michelle Yeoh, Zhang Ziyi, Chang Chen, Lung Sihung, Pei-pei Cheng, Fazeng Li, Xian Gao, Yan Hai, Deming Wang, Li Li
Move over Jackie Chan. Step aside Batman and Robin. Shift gears, Superman. Ang Lee's "Crouching Tiger, Hidden Dragon" splashes across the big screen like no other martial arts movie you've ever seen, utilizing that filmmaker's feminist vision to portray three women as fighters so formidable that Rambo would have considerable difficulty indeed should he ever incur their enmity. "Crouching Tiger," selected as the closing pic by the New York Film Festival, has the kind of comic-book melodramatic action that could draw the youngsters into its PG-13 life if only they could overcome their suspicion of foreign-language fare. The subtitles are clear, however, and the story serves as a pretext for the most dramatic action sequences filmed this year-- surpassing the progression of mayhem in "The Matrix."
The story, which is adapted from Wang Du Lu's novel by James Schamus, Wang Hui Ling and Tsai Kuo Jung, takes us not so far back (the early 1800's) but we might be looking at the world of the medieval Chinese dynasties where warlords ruled over their fiefs and skirmishes were so common that if you said "nee how ma" the wrong way you were likely to lose your head. Two couples are in love. Li Mu Bai (Chow Yun-fat) and Yu Shu Lien (Michelle Yeoh) have powerful feelings for each other (why not? They're both masters of the martial arts who could give the neighbors something to talk about if they ever got into a heated argument. Li is retiring to devote his life to contemplation. (Don't worry: he comes out of withdrawal soon enough.) To signify his sincerity he hands over his sword, Green Destiny, to the physically adept, acrobatic Yu, willing to stop seeking vengeance against Jade Fox (Cheng Pei-pei) who had killed his master. In Peking, Yu runs into the youthful Jen (Zhang Ziyi), about to suffer a forced marriage while envying the freedom enjoyed Yu. When the priceless sword is stolen, the acrobatics commence.
Tarzan has nothing on the martial artists in Ang Lee's picture, and what's more the most daring and successful fighters are of the so-called weaker sex, their prowess even more remarkable when you consider that Yu and Jade Fox are meant to be well over the age of 35. In the most elaborate and even hilarious aerial ballet, young Jen takes on a band of uncouth men who might have come out of the Teutonic beasts who fought the Romans in "The Gladiator." She calmly drinks tea on the upper level of a ramshackle restaurant and, when approached by one "Iron Hand," she tosses him over the rail with one arm while still concentrating on her cup. In short order the entire establishment is gutted. Kick, pow, sock, bam.
Ang Lee takes us out of the big city of Peking for long stretches of Chinese desert in which (as Jen's flashback reveals) a 19th century Lawrence of Arabia, the bold equestrian bandit Lo (Chang Chen), alternately fights with Jen and makes love to her. A chase on horseback across the sands of Western China easily put the old American cowboy sequences into the dust.
The flights through the air are nothing short of spectacular, making us wonder whether the characters in this tale are more the stuff of legend than breathing, fighting and loving human beings. While Chow Yun-fat allows himself a relatively small role in the movie that features his name in the star's box, Zhang Ziyi's portrayal of the petite but superhuman fierce Jen is the show-stealer. Yo Yo Ma's cello punctuates the action along with a steady percussion in a movie which ups the ante and might just Jackie Chan green with envy.
PG-13. Running time: 119 minutes. (C) 2000 by Harvey Karten<EMAIL_ADDRESS>The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Aug 5, 2011 7:47 AM
LessonWriter All teachers are familiar with the gaps between what they want for their students and what they have: 1. Teachers want to use dynamic and exciting materials; they have out-of-date textbooks 2. Teachers want to teach all skills in context; they have curricula that separate content from skills 3. Teachers want to individualize instruction for each student's needs; they have one prep period a day. LessonWriter's mission is to bridge those gaps. Today, our expert-system software generates standards-based instructional material from any content, teaches skills in context, and individualizes instruction at the click of a mouse. And we're just getting started. In this presentation, LessonWriter's founding team will discuss what schools are asking us for and how we're developing to meet those needs in our next version. Jennifer Applebaum (BA, Barnard College; MsED, City College of New York) LessonWriter's Director of Education, will demonstrate LessonWriter's current tools for richly differentiated of instruction, and describe plans for even greater instructional flexibility and individualization in version 2. Ayan Babi Pal (BS, Columbia University), LessonWriter's Director of Technology, will discuss LessonWriter's current educational management and reporting tools, and present LessonWriter's roadmap to 2.0 Stephen Churchville, the president of LessonWriter, will introduce LessonWriter's publishing tools and demonstrate how outside content creators are able to re-purpose existing materials for education. Open to all members of the university community. If you are coming from outside the Edlab, please RSVP by October 24th by sending a message to Edlab at http://ednode.com/profiles/edlabtc/about (You must have/create an Ednode account and click on the Contact button to send a message). EdLab Seminars take place on the 5th floor of Russell Hall at Teachers College Columbia University (525 W. 120th Street, NY, NY). For detailed directions within the College visit TC Route Finder: http://maps.tc-library.org


% include com/stdhead.html %>
<% include com/nav.html %>
Contributors
This service was built with contributions by:
<% contributors.forEach(c => { %>
<%= c.name %>
<% }) %>
<% include com/footer.html %> <% include com/stdjs.html %>


I have tangible and translatable work experience in Java,REST Web Services, Node.JS, SQL, AWS and more.. I enjoy solving problems and learning from them at each step of the process.
Currently building sustainable code for Document Service project, where
Designed and implemented Cross Pod Communication(CPC) as part of scaling MainApp
As part of infrastructure team
Module lead for a Government project - Industry Academia Partnership
GPA: 3.70
GPA: 3.60
Work in progress...


Privacy Policy
LYFT Clothing is committed to protecting your privacy and maintaining the security of any personal information received from you. We strictly adhere to the requirements of the data protection legislation in the UK. The purpose of this statement is to explain to you what personal information we collect and how we may use it.
- When you order, we need to know your name, address and email address. This allows us to process and fulfil your order. You have the option to withhold personal information that is not required for the order process.
- When you sign up to our newsletter we will send you the latest news and sales offers from LYFT Clothing. Emails will be sent on a weekly basis.
- If, at any time, you prefer not to receive email marketing information from us please follow the unsubscribe instructions at the bottom of each email.
- We use your personal information for payment and processing of your order purposes.
- We may use your contact details to keep you up-dated about promotions or offers that we think will be of interest to you.
- We follow strict security procedures in the storage and disclosure of information which you have given us, to prevent unauthorised access in accordance with the UK data protection legislation.
- We do not collect sensitive information about you except when you specifically knowingly provide it. In order to maintain the accuracy of our database, you can check, update or remove your personal details by contacting us by email.
- We do not store your credit card or financial information on our website.
- In order to process credit/debit card transactions, the bank or card processing agency may require to verify your personal details for authorisation outside the EEA (European Economic Area). Your information will not be transferred outside the EEA for any other purpose.
If you have any questions about privacy please contact us by email at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>LYFT Clothing
7 Bullhurst Close
Stoke-on-Trent
Staffordshire
ST6 8FG
United Kingdom


Goals
Complex dependencies can be defined using goal
and dep
goal
and dep
are used to express dependencies in a declarative manner.
As opposed to task
expression, which are evaluated immediately, dep
can be used to define a dependency (using the same syntax as task
).
A dep
is not evaluated until a goal
requires that dependency to be triggered.
E.g.: File test_18.bds
#!/usr/bin/env bds
in := 'in.txt'
mid1 := 'mid1.txt'
mid2 := 'mid2.txt'
out := 'out.txt'
stime := 3
# Dependencies: There is no need declare them in order
dep( out <- mid2 ) sys echo $mid2 > $out ; echo OUT ; sleep 1
dep( mid2 <- mid1 ) sys echo $mid1 > $mid2 ; echo MID2 ; sleep 1
dep( mid1 <- in ) sys echo $in > $mid1 ; echo MID1 ; sleep 1
goal out
Running the code, we get
# Remove old files (if any)
$ rm *.txt
# Create input
$ date > in.txt
$ ./test_18.bds
MID1
MID2
OUT
In this case, bds
created a directed acyclic graph of the dependencies needed to satisfy the goal 'out.txt' and then executed the required 'dep' declarations.
Note: A goal
expression returns a list of task Ids to be executed, which can be quite useful for debugging purposes. So in the previous example you could write:
tids := goal out
print "Executing tasks: $tids\n"
Intermediate files within a 'goal' can be deleted
In the previous example, if we delete the intermediate files 'mid1.txt' and or 'mid2.txt', and we re-execute the script, bds
will notice that the output 'out.txt' is still valid with respect to the input 'in.txt' and will not execute any task.
# Remove intermediate files
$ rm mid?.txt
# Re-execute (out.txt is still valid because in.txt was not changed)
$ ./test_18.bds
$
How this works: bds
calculates the dependency graph and checks whether the goal
is up to date with respect to the inputs (which are the leaves in the dependency graph).
If the goal up to date, then nothing is done.
This feature is particularly useful when intermediate files are large and we need to clean them up (since we are working with big data problems, this is often the case).
Dependencies that do not create files
What if the final step in your pipeline does not create any files?
in this case, you can use taskId
as a goal, for example:
#!/usr/bin/env bds
tid := dep( taskName := 'hi' ) {
sys echo Hello
}
goal tid # We use task Id instead of a file name
Multiple goals
Sometimes it is convenient to fire multiple goals at once. You can do this by passing a list, instead of a string, to goal
.
#!/usr/bin/env bds
string[] outs
for(int i=0; i < 3 ; i++ ) {
in := "in.$i.txt"
out := "out.$i.txt"
outs += out
sys date > $in
dep( out <- in ) sys cat $in > $out ; echo Hi $i
}
goal outs # We use a list of goals, it is interpreted as multiple goal statements (one for each item in the list)
Use-case example for dep
and goal
The goal
statement helps to program complex task scheduling interdependencies.
In a previous example (test_07.bds), we had an input file in.txt
, an intermediate file inter.txt
and an output file out.txt
.
#!/usr/bin/env bds
inFile := "in.txt"
intermediate := "inter.txt"
outFile := "out.txt"
task( intermediate <- inFile) {
sys echo Creating $intermediate; cat $inFile > $intermediate; sleep 1 ; echo Done $intermediate
}
task( outFile <- intermediate ) {
sys echo Creating $outFile; cat $intermediate > $outFile; echo Done $outFile
}
One problem is that if we delete the intermediate file inter.txt
(e.g. because we may want to delete big files with intermediate results), then both tasks will be executed
# Remove intermediate file
$ rm inter.txt
# Re-execute script
$ ./test_07.bds
Creating inter.txt
Done inter.txt
Creating out.txt
Done out.txt
Why is this happening? The reason is that task
statements are evaluated in order.
So when bds
evaluates the first task
expression, the dependency intermediate <- inFile
is true (because inter.txt
doesn't exist, so it must be updated with respect to in.txt
).
After that, when the second task
expression is evaluated, out <- intermediate
is also true, since inter.txt
is newer than out.txt
.
As a result, both tasks are re-executed, even though out.txt
is up to date with respect to in.txt
.
This can be a problem, particularly if each task requires several hours of execution.
There are two ways to solve this, the obvious one is to add a simple if
statement surrounding the tasks:
#!/usr/bin/env bds
inFile := "in.txt"
intermediate := "inter.txt"
outFile := "out.txt"
if( outFile <- inFile) {
task( intermediate <- inFile) {
sys echo Creating $intermediate; cat $inFile > $intermediate; sleep 1 ; echo Done $intermediate
}
task( outFile <- intermediate ) {
sys echo Creating $outFile; cat $intermediate > $outFile; echo Done $outFile
}
}
Although it solves the issue, the code is not elegant.
The alternative is to use dep
and goal
dep
defines a task exactly the same way astask
expression, but it doesn't evaluate if the tasks should be executed or not (it's just declarative).goal
executes all dependencies nescesary to create an output
Example:
File test_08.bds
#!/usr/bin/env bds
inFile := "in.txt"
intermediate := "inter.txt"
outFile := "out.txt"
dep( intermediate <- inFile) {
sys echo Creating $intermediate; cat $inFile > $intermediate; sleep 1 ; echo Done $intermediate
}
dep( outFile <- intermediate ) {
sys echo Creating $outFile; cat $intermediate > $outFile; echo Done $outFile
}
goal outFile
If we execute this script
# Delete old files (if any)
$ rm *.txt
# Create input file
$ date > in.txt
# Run script (both tasks should be executed)
$ ./test_08.bds
Creating out.txt
Done out.txt
Creating inter.txt
Done inter.txt
Now we delete 'inter.txt' and re-execute
# Delete intermediate file
$ rm inter.txt
# Run again (out.txt is still up to date with respect to in.txt, so no task should be executed)
$ ./test_08.bds
$
As you can see, no task is executed the second time, since out.txt
is up to date, with respect to in.txt
.
The fact that intermediate file inter.txt
was deleted, is ignored, which is what we wanted.


filmcritic.com presents a review from staff member David Bezanson. You can find the review with full credits at http://www.filmcritic.com/misc/emporium.nsf/60e74e041ca9cd6b8625626f0062219f/759a34e0a6186893882568a6006b9928?OpenDocument
POKEMON: THE FIRST MOVIE copyright 2000 filmcritic.com
Just because something makes money doesn't mean that it is good.
This is a hard lesson to learn, especially for Americans, but fortunately there are always things like POKEMON: THE FIRST MOVIE to remind us.
No one at Nintendo thought to wonder if a video game could really provide sufficient backstory to sustain an entire movie. Nor has anyone at Nintendo ever stopped to think about whether children might enjoy childhood more if they didn't spend it mindlessly repeating nonsense words like "pikachu" made up in spare moments by Nintendo employees. Instead, Nintendo saw a chance to make billions of dollars, and moved forward monolithically with their cynical hypermarketing.
The resulting Pokemon craze is the emptiest craze yet --- a fantasy world of garbage, without plot, compelling mythology, or point.
Before now, children's literature was dominated by writers like Dr. Seuss, A. A. Milne, C.S. Lewis, Lloyd Alexander, Disney, etc., who took seriously the responsibility of creating entertainment that might shape the thinking of children. No longer. The content of POKEMON is probably harmful to kids in a dozen ways, but to even try to find any intellectual subtext in the movie at all is pretty iffy, so I will not waste readers' time with a lot of analysis of how the movie fosters violence, discourages environmental awareness, and so on.
This is the most cynical movie ever made. Even the movie's subtitle, "MEWTWO STRIKES BACK", is cynically derivative --- the filmmakers secure in the knowledge that the film's target audience doesn't care that there is already a movie called THE EMPIRE STRIKES BACK (which was itself an amalgam of earlier works).
There are no redeeming qualities of POKEMON... and only one serious question: Should entertainment products be designed solely to please children too young to understand what is entertaining? In previous centuries, people thought not. Is this progress?
For an adult, the only appropriate response to the Pokemon craze is simply, ostrich-like, to try to pretend it doesn't exist. After writing this review, I'm going to try to do just that.
1 star
-- Christopher Null -<EMAIL_ADDRESS>- http://www.filmcritic.com
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


The team that made Pintereach possible...
Front End Architect
Web21
GitHub: @kkalpaxis
Web 21
GitHub: @CarlaMarvin78
User Interface Developer
Web22
Github: @irisjitomo
Backend Architect
Web 20
GitHub: @micahjones


The following are additional functions for use within XSI.
FUNCALL
GENSYM*
GENSYM
GET-FUNCTION_RESTRICTIONS
LENGTH
RANDOM
SEED
SORT
SETGEN
TIMER
TIME


Source
Constructor
Source
new Source(scene, options)
Source model to spatialize an audio buffer.
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
scene |
Associated ResonanceAudio instance. |
|
options |
Options for constructing a new Source. |
Property
input
AudioNode
Mono (1-channel) input AudioNode.
Methods
setDirectivityPattern
setDirectivityPattern(alpha, sharpness)
Set source's directivity pattern (defined by alpha), where 0 is an omnidirectional pattern, 1 is a bidirectional pattern, 0.5 is a cardiod pattern. The sharpness of the pattern is increased exponentially.
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
alpha |
Number Determines directivity pattern (0 to 1). |
|
sharpness |
Number Determines the sharpness of the directivity pattern (1 to Inf). |
setFromMatrix
setFromMatrix(matrix4)
Set source's position and orientation using a Three.js modelViewMatrix object.
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
matrix4 |
Float32Array The Matrix4 representing the object position and rotation in world space. |
setGain
setGain(gain)
Set source's gain (linear).
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
gain |
Number |
setMaxDistance
setMaxDistance(maxDistance)
Set source's maximum distance (in meters).
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
maxDistance |
Number |
setMinDistance
setMinDistance(minDistance)
Set source's minimum distance (in meters).
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
minDistance |
Number |
setOrientation
setOrientation(forwardX, forwardY, forwardZ, upX, upY, upZ)
Set the source's orientation using forward and up vectors.
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
forwardX |
Number |
|
forwardY |
Number |
|
forwardZ |
Number |
|
upX |
Number |
|
upY |
Number |
|
upZ |
Number |
setPosition
setPosition(x, y, z)
Set source's position (in meters), where origin is the center of the room.
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
x |
Number |
|
y |
Number |
|
z |
Number |
setRolloff
setRolloff(rolloff)
Set source's rolloff.
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
rolloff |
string Rolloff model to use, chosen from options in
|
setSourceWidth
setSourceWidth(sourceWidth)
Set the source width (in degrees). Where 0 degrees is a point source and 360 degrees is an omnidirectional source.
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
sourceWidth |
Number (in degrees). |
Abstract type
SourceOptions
Object
Options for constructing a new Source.
Properties
Parameter |
|
|---|---|
|
position |
Float32Array The source's initial position (in meters), where origin is the center of the room. Defaults to |
|
forward |
Float32Array The source's initial forward vector. Defaults to
|
|
up |
Float32Array The source's initial up vector. Defaults to
|
|
minDistance |
Number Min. distance (in meters). Defaults to
|
|
maxDistance |
Number Max. distance (in meters). Defaults to
|
|
rolloff |
string Rolloff model to use, chosen from options in
|
|
gain |
Number Input gain (linear). Defaults to
|
|
alpha |
Number Directivity alpha. Defaults to
|
|
sharpness |
Number Directivity sharpness. Defaults to
|
|
sourceWidth |
Number Source width (in degrees). Where 0 degrees is a point source and 360 degrees is an omnidirectional source. Defaults to
|


Why am I always the last one to know about these things.
Do Something Another thingPommy ipsum fancy a cuppa doing my head in roast beef gosh, toad in the whole therewith have a butcher's at this lug hole, cornish pasty roast beef fried toast narky.  Bad Wolf bobby god save the queen what a mug, jolly.
DownloadPommy ipsum fancy a cuppa doing my head in roast beef gosh, toad in the whole therewith have a butcher's at this lug hole, cornish pasty roast beef fried toast narky.  Bad Wolf bobby god save the queen what a mug, jolly.
DownloadPommy ipsum fancy a cuppa doing my head in roast beef gosh, toad in the whole therewith have a butcher's at this lug hole, cornish pasty roast beef fried toast narky.  Bad Wolf bobby god save the queen what a mug, jolly.
Download


Users table
id
name
email
enabled
verified
roles
Actions
id
name
email
enabled
verified
roles
Actions


--- title: merge on factor column author: Ildi Czeller date: '2017-11-30' slug: merge-on-factor-column categories: ["R"] tags: ["forcats"] ---
library("forcats")
library("data.table")
library("magrittr")
I recently started working with factors in R and found the forcats package amazing. However, I did not found much documentation on merging two data frames on a factor column so I made small examples and observed the behavior.
In abc order: natural if converting from already ordered character.
dt_abc <- data.table(size = as_factor(c("big", "medium", "tiny")))
levels(dt_abc$size)
## [1] "big" "medium" "tiny"
We can define the natural order:
dt_lg <- data.table(size = fct_reorder(as_factor(c("big", "medium", "tiny")), c(3, 2, 1)))
levels(dt_lg$size)
## [1] "tiny" "medium" "big"
merge(dt_abc, dt_lg, by = "size") %T>%
{print(levels(.$size))}
## [1] "big" "medium" "tiny"
## size
## 1: big
## 2: medium
## 3: tiny
merge(dt_lg, dt_abc, by = "size") %T>%
{print(levels(.$size))}
## [1] "tiny" "medium" "big"
## size
## 1: tiny
## 2: medium
## 3: big
From this it seems that with merge the left table has precedence.
dt_abc <- data.table(size = as_factor(c("big", "medium", "small", "tiny")))
dt_lg <- data.table(size = fct_reorder(as_factor(c("big", "medium", "tiny")), c(3, 2, 1)))
merge(dt_abc, dt_lg, by = "size", all = TRUE) %T>%
{print(levels(.$size))}
## [1] "big" "medium" "small" "tiny"
## size
## 1: big
## 2: medium
## 3: small
## 4: tiny
merge(dt_lg, dt_abc, by = "size", all = TRUE) %T>%
{print(levels(.$size))}
## [1] "tiny" "medium" "big" "small"
## size
## 1: tiny
## 2: medium
## 3: big
## 4: small
In this case the levels of the factors in the two table are concatenated: first left then right.
dt_chr <- data.table(size = c("big", "medium", "tiny"))
dt_fct <- data.table(size = fct_reorder(as_factor(c("big", "medium", "tiny")), c(3, 2, 1)))
merge(dt_fct, dt_chr, by = "size") %T>%
{print(levels(.$size))}
## NULL
## size
## 1: big
## 2: medium
## 3: tiny
merge(dt_chr, dt_fct, by = "size") %T>%
{print(levels(.$size))}
## NULL
## size
## 1: big
## 2: medium
## 3: tiny
From this it seems that in this case the right side of the join has precedence.


Ankle injury sidelines Montgomery for No. 2 Kentucky vs. EKU
by The Associated PressLEXINGTON, Ky. (AP) — Kentucky says forward EJ Montgomery will miss the No. 2 Wildcats’ game Friday night against Eastern Kentucky with a right ankle injury.
The school announced Montgomery’s injury before the non-conference contest and said the 6-foot-10 sophomore was hurt in Tuesday’s 69-62 victory over top-ranked Michigan State in New York. Montgomery is being evaluated daily for the injury. He had four points, two blocks and two rebounds while playing 14 minutes in the win.
Montgomery averaged 4.1 points and 3.8 points per game as a freshman. He started Kentucky’s final 11 contests and grabbed 11 rebounds in the Wildcats’ NCAA Tournament-opening win over Abilene Christian.
___
More AP college basketball: https://apnews.com/Collegebasketball and https://twitter.com/AP_Top25
The Associated Press


What is our goal?
Our goal is to collect bat sightings and display the accurate distribution of bats in Sri Lanka.
What are our objectives?
- To collect bat sightings of Sri Lanka
- To collect research documents related to bats
- To display the overall distribution of bats in Sri Lanka
- To give an opportunity of clarifying doubts regarding bats


CSS Filters let web developers easily apply beautiful visual filter effects to any elements on a web page. In modern browsers like Google Chrome these filter effects are hardware accelerated for speed, allowing them to be applied effectively to animated elements like WebGL, <video> tags, and Canvas2D. CSS Filters' simplicity allow them to be applied with just one line of CSS!


{% extends 'django_slds/base_slds.html' %} {% block base_body %}
An error has occurred. We have notified the administrators of the issue.


Ryanair is teasing Easyjet
January 1 2007, 6:20 PM
I've just taken a flight from Charleroi (Brussels) to Madrid with Ryanair.
On the plane, it was written "Bye bye EasyJet" (as shown on this picture I took).
Does anybody has an another explanation than the fact the Ryanair is teasing his competitor EasyJet?
P.S: I tried to take in my hand back a belgian beer (a Bush special Xmas, 12°) just for fun, to check their brand new security rule, and, as expected, they didn't let me enter the plane with it.
Welcome to the 21th century where you are considered as a terrorist (or at least a dangerous person) with a beer in your bag.
Actually there is no need to have a beer, it also works with a bottle of water.
As I did in Heathrow (London) this September. They emptied my bottle of water and refill it after the security gate (because I was complaining 'cause I had to stay about 7 hours in that airport and I was not going to change money to buy a new bottle). Brillant.


There are two important security concerns when writing Berkeley DB applications.
The first is the directory used as the database home environment. It is important that the environment home directory be carefully created to have the correct permissions for the system to ensure that databases are not accessible to users without the correct permissions. Berkeley DB never creates the database home directory, it must be created before the application is run.
The second is the use of environment variables in file naming, i.e., DB_USE_ENVIRON and DB_USE_ENVIRON_ROOT. If a Berkeley DB application is running with additional permissions, (e.g., UNIX setuid or setgid permissions), and either of these variables is set, users could potentially cause the application to read and write databases to which the user would not normally have access.
By default, Berkeley DB always creates files readable and writeable by the owner and the group (i.e., S_IRUSR, S_IWUSR, S_IRGRP and S_IWGRP, or octal mode 0660 on historic UNIX systems). The group ownership of created files is based on the system and directory defaults, and is not further specified by Berkeley DB.


Add New Article
Article Title
Author Name
Upload Files:
Pages
Choose...
...
Article Text:
Select Tags
Visibility
Python
C++
Java
Scala
Perl
Public
Private
Login to Finish Submitting
Remember Me
Submit


@* * Copyright 2021 HM Revenue & Customs * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. *@ @import controllers._ @import model._ @import config.AppConfig @this(main: MainView, applicationConfig: AppConfig) @(developerEmailAddress: String)(implicit request: Request[_], loggedInUser: LoggedInUser, messagesProvider: MessagesProvider) @main(title = s"${applicationConfig.title} - Delete Developer") {
We've sent an email to the developer and any application administrators to let them know.
Finish


*** Your Daily Free Stuff! - http://p.feedblitz.com/r3.asp?l=83729917&f=927397&u=34705849&c=4787357
**In This Issue…
-Free PowerBar ProteinPlus at Kroger & Affiliate Stores
-Free Subscription to Elle Magazine
-15 Free Pampers Gifts to Grow Points
-Free HERSHEY’S Milk Chocolate Bar
-Free Hydroxycut Gummies Samples
-Free Root Beer Float at A&W 8/6
-Free Huggies Little Snugglers Diapers & Wipes Samples
-Search Sweet Free Stuff
** Free PowerBar ProteinPlus at Kroger & Affiliate Stores - http://p.feedblitz.com/r3.asp?l=92667552&f=927397&u=34705849&c=4787357
Load the coupon to your shoppers card today only (7/4), and use by 7/18 Free PowerBar ProteinPlus at Kroger & Affiliate Stores
The post Free PowerBar ProteinPlus at Kroger & Affiliate Stores appeared first on SweetFreeStuff.com.
• Email to a friend • Article Search - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Search=927397;21099973;Free Food;Free PowerBar ProteinPlus at Kroger & Affiliate Stores;4787357 • View comments - http://feeds.feedblitz.com/&;/68186149/0/sweetfreestuff&;Free-PowerBar-ProteinPlus-at-Kroger-amp-Affiliate-Stores/ • Track comments - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Track=http%3a%2f%2ffeeds.feedblitz.com%2f&;%2f68186149%2f0%2fsweetfreestuff&;Free-PowerBar-ProteinPlus-at-Kroger-amp-Affiliate-Stores%2ffeed%2f&ref=comment:927397 •
** Free Subscription to Elle Magazine - http://p.feedblitz.com/r3.asp?l=85548852&f=927397&u=34705849&c=4787357
Free Subscription to Elle Magazine
The post Free Subscription to Elle Magazine appeared first on SweetFreeStuff.com.
* Comments
- Thank you looks like I got it! by Janice
- love it by barbara anderson
- A good magazine for my college age daughter by Alphonso Reyna
- Free Elle magazine subscription by Tiffany Yip
• Email to a friend • Article Search - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Search=927397;21099973;Free Magazines;Free Subscription to Elle Magazine;4787357 • View comments - http://feeds.feedblitz.com/&;/52742701/0/sweetfreestuff&;Free-Subscription-to-Elle-Magazine/ • Track comments - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Track=http%3a%2f%2ffeeds.feedblitz.com%2f&;%2f52742701%2f0%2fsweetfreestuff&;Free-Subscription-to-Elle-Magazine%2ffeed%2f&ref=comment:927397 •
** 15 Free Pampers Gifts to Grow Points - http://p.feedblitz.com/r3.asp?l=83956900&f=927397&u=34705849&c=4787357
To login please click here and enter the codes: FBJULHAP8764O14 - for 10 points TWIT87JL6HPY014 – for 5 points (If you need to register, click here to sign up and receive 100 points!) The Pampers Gifts to Grow Rewards Program rewards you for choosing Pampers diapers, training pants and wipes for your growing baby. To […]
The post 15 Free Pampers Gifts to Grow Points appeared first on SweetFreeStuff.com.• Email to a friend • Article Search - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Search=927397;21099973;Free Baby Stuff;15 Free Pampers Gifts to Grow Points;4787357 • View comments - http://feeds.feedblitz.com/&;/50015186/0/sweetfreestuff&;Free-Pampers-Gifts-to-Grow-Points/ • Track comments - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Track=http%3a%2f%2ffeeds.feedblitz.com%2f&;%2f50015186%2f0%2fsweetfreestuff&;Free-Pampers-Gifts-to-Grow-Points%2ffeed%2f&ref=comment:927397 •
** Free HERSHEY’S Milk Chocolate Bar - http://p.feedblitz.com/r3.asp?l=92657270&f=927397&u=34705849&c=4787357
Save 100% when you buy any ONE (1) HERSHEY'S® Milk Chocolate bar (1.55 oz. only). Expires 7/6. Free HERSHEY’S Milk Chocolate Bar
The post Free HERSHEY’S Milk Chocolate Bar appeared first on SweetFreeStuff.com.
• Email to a friend • Article Search - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Search=927397;21099973;Free Food;Free HERSHEY’S Milk Chocolate Bar;4787357 • View comments - http://feeds.feedblitz.com/&;/68152991/0/sweetfreestuff&;Free-HERSHEY%e2%80%99S-Milk-Chocolate-Bar/ • Track comments - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Track=http%3a%2f%2ffeeds.feedblitz.com%2f&;%2f68152991%2f0%2fsweetfreestuff&;Free-HERSHEY%25e2%2580%2599S-Milk-Chocolate-Bar%2ffeed%2f&ref=comment:927397 •
** Free Hydroxycut Gummies Samples - http://p.feedblitz.com/r3.asp?l=89602936&f=927397&u=34705849&c=4787357
Free Hydroxycut Gummies Samples
The post Free Hydroxycut Gummies Samples appeared first on SweetFreeStuff.com.
* Comments
- THey really look tasteful by CLinton beavers
- Please by jessica
- Sample please by jessica
- Won’t work by pam
- Send me free samples please. by Kyra Daniels
- Plus 7 more…
• Email to a friend • Article Search - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Search=927397;21099973;Free Samples;Free Hydroxycut Gummies Samples;4787357 • View comments - http://feeds.feedblitz.com/&;/61276257/0/sweetfreestuff&;Free-Hydroxycut-Gummies-Samples/ • Track comments - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Track=http%3a%2f%2ffeeds.feedblitz.com%2f&;%2f61276257%2f0%2fsweetfreestuff&;Free-Hydroxycut-Gummies-Samples%2ffeed%2f&ref=comment:927397 •
** Free Root Beer Float at A&W 8/6 - http://p.feedblitz.com/r3.asp?l=92656405&f=927397&u=34705849&c=4787357
Stop in an A&W store after 2pm on August 6th for a free small root beer float.
The post Free Root Beer Float at A&W 8/6 appeared first on SweetFreeStuff.com.
• Email to a friend • Article Search - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Search=927397;21099973;Free Food;Free Root Beer Float at A&W 8/6;4787357 • View comments - http://feeds.feedblitz.com/&;/68151937/0/sweetfreestuff&;Free-Root-Beer-Float-at-AW/ • Track comments - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Track=http%3a%2f%2ffeeds.feedblitz.com%2f&;%2f68151937%2f0%2fsweetfreestuff&;Free-Root-Beer-Float-at-AW%2ffeed%2f&ref=comment:927397 •
** Free Huggies Little Snugglers Diapers & Wipes Samples - http://p.feedblitz.com/r3.asp?l=92375187&f=927397&u=34705849&c=4787357
Free Huggies Little Snugglers Diapers & Wipes Samples
The post Free Huggies Little Snugglers Diapers & Wipes Samples appeared first on SweetFreeStuff.com.
* Comments
- Great offer! by JoAnna Anderson/Gruner
- Let’s see if this works? by JoAnna Anderson/Gruner
- I need those samples :). by Matt
- Are they really free? by Sonya fink
- Can’t see the security code.L:( by Claudia Rosas
- Plus 2 more…
• Email to a friend • Article Search - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Search=927397;21099973;Free Baby Stuff;Free Huggies Little Snugglers Diapers & Wipes Samples;4787357 • View comments - http://feeds.feedblitz.com/&;/67410081/0/sweetfreestuff&;Free-Huggies-Little-Snugglers-Diapers-amp-Wipes-Samples/ • Track comments - http://www.feedblitz.com/f/f.fbz?Track=http%3a%2f%2ffeeds.feedblitz.com%2f&;%2f67410081%2f0%2fsweetfreestuff&;Free-Huggies-Little-Snugglers-Diapers-amp-Wipes-Samples%2ffeed%2f&ref=comment:927397 •


In this era of social media Design carries a significant role to reach out to people. It's easy and time-saving rather than some huge paragraph or statistics. So We use designing to express our aim and information.
Chitralekh is a newborn idea that believes in perfection. We are constant learner and always try to improve ourselves.
As we believe in perfection all our programs are on time. No matter how hard it is. Team spirit always works.
We love to interact with new people. So we organise events and workshops on various topics and domains.
Our objective is to find out hidden potential from people. To give them a platform to showcase their skills.
Sometimes people need mentors to find out who they are. We are here to listen, solve and guide you.
Club is for those hidden talent and skills who want to show unique idea to the world by our platform and place into a group that's we found for you in our club.
More InfoTarget is based upon your hard work but passion increase your talent.
Celebrate your every small winning it's a god gifted towards your sain.
Attendence are mostly required everywhere so as per your present here you would choose your future to extra miles.
All the hard work is pay off in the terms of your happiness.


we've emailed you instruction for setting your password if they haven't arrived in a few minutes, check your spam folder


A minimalist pastebin service. Paste your code, or write some!
We also support & render Markdown!
You may also:
- Hold Ctrl+V to submit clipboard contents immediately
- Drop text or a file here to insert it
- Hold Ctrl to see all available keyboard shortcuts
- Submit command output from any shell with | nc qbin.io 90
(pro-tip: click that text, then click the scroll wheel in your terminal to paste)
- Click a line number in an uploaded document to link directly to that line (Ctrl/Shift for multi-select also works)
By submitting any content to qbin.io, you accept our
guidelines and privacy policy and confirm that your document complies with them.
Using qbin often? You should consider donating on Liberapay.
»
API documentation
»
Source on GitHub
»
Report an issue


| PostgreSQL 9.0.10 Documentation | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Prev | Up | Chapter 11. Indexes | Next |
An index can be defined on more than one column of a table. For example, if you have a table of this form:
CREATE TABLE test2 ( major int, minor int, name varchar );
(say, you keep your /dev directory in a database...) and you frequently issue queries like:
SELECT name FROM test2 WHERE major = constant AND minor = constant;
then it might be appropriate to define an index on the columns major and minor together, e.g.:
CREATE INDEX test2_mm_idx ON test2 (major, minor);
Currently, only the B-tree, GiST and GIN index types support multicolumn indexes. Up to 32 columns can be specified. (This limit can be altered when building PostgreSQL; see the file pg_config_manual.h.)
A multicolumn B-tree index can be used with query conditions that involve any subset of the index's columns, but the index is most efficient when there are constraints on the leading (leftmost) columns. The exact rule is that equality constraints on leading columns, plus any inequality constraints on the first column that does not have an equality constraint, will be used to limit the portion of the index that is scanned. Constraints on columns to the right of these columns are checked in the index, so they save visits to the table proper, but they do not reduce the portion of the index that has to be scanned. For example, given an index on (a, b, c) and a query condition WHERE a = 5 AND b >= 42 AND c < 77, the index would have to be scanned from the first entry with a = 5 and b = 42 up through the last entry with a = 5. Index entries with c >= 77 would be skipped, but they'd still have to be scanned through. This index could in principle be used for queries that have constraints on b and/or c with no constraint on a — but the entire index would have to be scanned, so in most cases the planner would prefer a sequential table scan over using the index.
A multicolumn GiST index can be used with query conditions that involve any subset of the index's columns. Conditions on additional columns restrict the entries returned by the index, but the condition on the first column is the most important one for determining how much of the index needs to be scanned. A GiST index will be relatively ineffective if its first column has only a few distinct values, even if there are many distinct values in additional columns.
A multicolumn GIN index can be used with query conditions that involve any subset of the index's columns. Unlike B-tree or GiST, index search effectiveness is the same regardless of which index column(s) the query conditions use.
Of course, each column must be used with operators appropriate to the index type; clauses that involve other operators will not be considered.
Multicolumn indexes should be used sparingly. In most situations, an index on a single column is sufficient and saves space and time. Indexes with more than three columns are unlikely to be helpful unless the usage of the table is extremely stylized. See also Section 11.5 for some discussion of the merits of different index configurations.


Suppose we have one array:
4, 5, 6, 7, 1, 2,1,, 4, 5, 3, 6, 7, 10, 1, 2, 3, 4
And k=4,
that means we have to find the sub array which has all the elements 1, 2, 3, 4
and the array length should be minimum.
Intuition:
First we will just find the index till where we can get all the numbers then we will proceed to minimize the size of the sub-array.So as we can see till index 9 we can get all the desired numbers. Then we will try to minimize this length. And by minimizing means we can get another sub array which is minimum as in this case which is: 1,2,3,4 at last in the array.
So we go ahead using this method we can get the minimum sub array having 1 to k numbers.
Code in Java
public class NumbersfromOnetoK {
public static void main(String[] args) {
NumbersfromOnetoK m = new NumbersfromOnetoK();
int[] arr={4, 5, 6, 1, 7, 1, 2, 4, 5, 3, 6, 7, 10, 1, 2, 3, 4};
int k=4;
m.findSubArrayWith_1_to_K_Numbers();
}
private void findSubArrayWith_1_to_K_Numbers(int[] arr, int k){
int strtInd=0,endInd=0,digCount=0;
int[] kArr=new int[k+1];
/*
* First find the sub array in which 1 to k number exist, it may
* not be the minimal
* */
for(int i=0;i=1){
// count of digits from 1...k
if(kArr[arr[i]]==0) digCount++;
kArr[arr[i]]++;
if(digCount == k) {endInd=i;break;}
}
}
int min_len=endInd-strtInd+1; // initially we let this is min
int tempInd=endInd;
int i=strtInd;
while(tempInd <arr.length){
if(arr[i] ≤ k){
kArr[arr[i]]--;
if(kArr[arr[i]] == 0){
kArr[arr[i]]++; // retain digits's count
// calculating new minimum
if(tempInd-i+1 < min_len){
min_len=tempInd-i+1;
strtInd=i;endInd=tempInd;
}
// increase tempInd when it is under array length
if(tempInd < arr.length)
tempInd++;
// skipping nos which are not in range 1..k
while(tempInd < arr.length && arr[tempInd] > k)tempInd++;
// if no is in 1..k then increment its count in kArray
if(tempInd < arr.length)
kArr[arr[tempInd]]++;
}
else
i++; // increase i when the dig count in not reduced
}
else
i++; // increase i if no is out of range 1..k
}
//print start and end index of sub array
System.out.println(strtInd+" "+endInd+" len="+min_len); // final answer
}
}
Time Complexity : O(n)
Space Complexity : O(k)
Logic: The whole logic includes below points:
Phase 1:
- make an array of size k+1 to store count of numbers from 1..k , skipping index 0 as we are not including 0 Array name in code is : kArr
- Run the loop and increase count as : kArr[arr[i]]++;
- Also unique digits(under 1..k) count using digCount
- When diCount becomes k then stop the loop.
Phase 2:
- Assign the below values to variables: tempInd = end index where we have stopped the loop min_len = endInd - strtind +1 ; i = strtInd;
- Run a while loop till the end of array in search of minimum length of sub-array containing 1..k
- Treat the sub-array which we got from phase 1 as window.
- Now we will try to decrease window from left as in our case after phase 1 we have kArray as (digit - count): endInd = 9, strtInd = 0, min_len = 11 1 - 2, 2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 - 2
- When we try to reduce the window, we have 4 on left so reducing the count is not making the count of 4 as 0 in kArray so that means we can reduce the window. kArray : 1 - 2, 2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 - 1 and index i = 4
- Now we will increment i=1 from i=0;
- We again try to decrease window from left, we get 5 which is not our number, index i = 2
- We got 6 which is again not our number(in range 1..k) and index i = 3
- We got 1, can we reduce it ? Yes as we have count = 2 for 1 The kArray : 1 - 1, 2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 - 1 and index i = 4
- Again we try to reduce, at i = 4 we have 7 so just increment i at i = 5 we have 1, but when we try to reduce the count in kArray will become 0 for 1
- That means we cannot reduce from left now.
- So we will increase the window from right And we will accommodate new numbers(in 1..k) in search of minimum sub-array
- Update minimum length if possible
- In this case we have skipped number 6, 7, 10 as they are out of range.
- And tempInd increased to 13 and we got 1 so we incremented count of 1 from 1 to 2The kArray : 1 - 2, 2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 - 1
- And again we will try to decrease window from left
- Means we can as i = 5 is 1 and we can decrease count of 1 to 1 from 2, index i = 6
- Now again try to decrease window from left, i = 6 is 2 The kArray : 1 - 1, 2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 - 1 and index i = 6
- Count in kArray for 2 will become 0, so we will update min_len
- And then increase window to right
- We got 2 at tempInd = 14 and increase count of 2 in kArray: The kArray : 1 - 1, 2 - 2, 3 - 1, 4 - 1 and index i = 6, tempInd = 14
- Now we can decrease window form left so : The kArray : 1 - 1, 2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 - 1 and index i = 7
- @Index i = 7, we have 4, when we try to decrease window from left count of 4 will become 0 so we will try to increase window from right
- Update min_len, increment tempInd to 15 and we get number 3, The kArray : 1 - 1, 2 - 1, 3 - 2, 4 - 1 and index i = 7
- We can't decrease window from left as same problem described in point 25
- Update min_len, increment tempInd to 16 and we get number 4 The kArray : 1 - 1, 2 - 1, 3 - 2, 4 - 2 and index i = 7
- Now we can reduce array from left and index i = 8 The kArray : 1 - 1, 2 - 1, 3 - 2, 4 - 1 and index i = 8
- Again try to reduce from left: YES we can The kArray : 1 - 1, 2 - 1, 3 - 1, 4 - 1 and index i = 9
- And i will get incremented to 12 as numbers are out of range.
- Now when we will try to decrease window from left which we cannot
- Update minimum length which is min_len= tempInd - i +1 = 16 - 13 + 1 = 4
- We increase tempInd but tempInd will become 17 which is > arr.length
- We come out of the while loop, print the strtInd and endInd updated during the process and length of the sub-array.


--- title: Design for America date: 2015-05-14 start: 2012 end: 2016 link: https://bcdfa.com featured_image: teams/dfa.jpg role: President, executive board member, and studio member ---
Design for America is a community service organization that uses human centered design to help find sustianable solutions to problems in our local community. The Barnard-Columbia studio that I was a part of is just one of many in a national network of studios at college campuses.
I helped grow the group, mentor teams, teach design thinking skills, and form relationships with community partners in New York City. I also built the DFA Design Roadmap, which is a tool for stuido members to access design resources for each stage in our design process.


@()(implicit request: play.api.mvc.RequestHeader) @mails.email("Turnbulls MIS") { @mails.emailFormWrapper("Turnbulls MIS - unknown email") {
Hello,
We received a request to reset a password in our system. The attempt has failed because we do not have a registered account with this email address.
If you haven't created an account with us ignore this email, otherwise if you think you have an account with us contact us for further assistance.
} }


{%extends 'base.html'%} {% load static%} {%block background%}
Choose which sesstion would you like to go to class


"Since the American diet provides 800–1200 milligrams of calcium per day, supplements are not needed in most instances. Furthermore, in other countries throughout Asia where calcium intake levels are far lower (400–600 mg per day) than in Western countries, there are lower hip fracture rates among older females.
Oddly, most bone-mineral dietary supplements offered on store shelves today only provide calcium, magnesium and a smidgen of vitamin D. Two key nutrients identified in this report – vitamin K and IP6 phytate – are not found in any dietary supplements designed to promote bone health. "
Read the rest:
http://www.lewrockwell.com/sardi/sardi175.html