Cyclone Bulbul claims 13 lives, leaves a trail of destruction in Bangladesh
by bdnews24.comAt least 13 people in 10 districts have been reported dead from a combination of falling trees, collapsed houses and illness after Cyclone Bulbul ripped through southern Bangladesh on Saturday.
The health directorate's Health Emergency Operation Centre and Control Room, local administrations and police confirmed the news of the deaths on Sunday.
The storm caused two deaths in each of Khulna, Barguna and Gopalganj districts, and one each in Patuakhali, Bhola, Shariatpur, Pirojpur, Madaripur, Barishal and Bagerhat.
According to news reports, another person died in Satkhira but a local public representative said the death was not related to the cyclone.
In Barguna and Bhola, 28 fishermen went missing as a boat was still unaccounted for after it ventured into the sea despite storm warning and another boat sank.
The cyclone, which later became a deep depression, ravaged about 5,000 homes in the country's south-western coastal districts, according to State Minister for Disaster Management and Relief Enamur Rahman.
But the extent of the damage is not very high, he said, adding: "We have been able to move the highest number of people to safety in history."
As many as 5,787 safety shelters harboured over 2.1 million people during the cyclone, said Enamur. The evacuees were returning home throughout Sunday.
On the damage to crops, the state minister said, "Apart from Patuakhali, there hasn't been too much damage. But the storm has caused some damage to winter crops. The agriculture ministry will assess the damage after which we will extend the necessary assistance."
bdnews24.com correspondents reported citing officials of local administrations that power connection was cut off in many districts as trees fell on cables or utility poles fell due to the storm while fallen trees also disrupted road communication.
The situation improved on Sunday afternoon as rescue workers joined the locals for recovery.
In Satkhira, Bagerhat and Barguna districts, officials initially estimated the cyclone damaged Aman paddy, winter vegetables and other crops on a total of around 60,000 hectares of land.
Officials in the other districts said they were yet to assess the damage as wind, rainfall and storm surge hit the coastal areas.
DEATHS:
KHULNA
Two people died after being crushed under the trees upended during the storm in Khulna's Dighalia and Dacope Upazilas, according to the health directorate.
The dead were identified as Alamgir Hossain, 32, from Dighalia's Senhati, and Promila Mandal, 52, from Dacope.
The incidents occurred around 10am on Sunday, said the district's Superintendent of Police SM Shafiullah.
BARGUNA
An elderly, identified as Halima Khatun, died after falling sick at a shelter at DL College in Barguna Sadar Upazila on Saturday night.
"The 70-year-old Halima died due to illness," said Barguna Sadar Upazila Nirbahi Officer Anisur Rahman.
On Sunday afternoon, a man died after falling from a tree as he went to cut off its broken branches, Deputy Commissioner Mostain Billah said.
Barguna Trawler Owners’ Association Golam Mostafa Chowdhury said a trawler with 15 fishermen on board went missing on Saturday in Narikebari on the Bay of Bengal.
GOPALGANJ
The district administration said a 70-year old man died after being crushed under an uprooted tree at Kotalipara.
A 60-year-old woman died in a similar way in Sadar Upazila.
BHOLA
A fisherman died and 13 others went missing when a trawler capsized with 24 on board in the Meghna river at Ilisha.
Bhola Superintendent of Police Sarker Mohammad Kaiser said rescue efforts were on to find the missing fishermen.
PATUAKHALI
An elderly man died after a tree fell on his house in Patuakhali after Cyclone Bulbul battered the coastal district.
He was identified as Hameed Fakir, a 65-year-old fisherman from Patuakhali's Mirzaganj.
The incident took place around 3:30am on Sunday, said Upazila Executive Officer Md Sarwar Hossain.
PIROJPUR
A man died when a tree toppled by strong wind gusts landed on his house in Pirojpur's Nazirpur Upazila.
He was identified as Noni Shikari, a native of Lora village in the Upazila's Malikhali Union, said Nazirpur Police OC Md Moniruzzaman.
"A tree fell on his house during the onset of the cyclone. He died on the spot."
Meanwhile, two siblings were critically injured in the Upazila's Kolar Doania Union after a tree collapsed on their home, said Hasnat Dalim, chairman of the union council.
They were identified as 16-year-old 'Nasir' and 8-year-old 'Sumi'.
MADARIPUR
A woman died after her house was rattled by strong winds in Madaripur Sadar Upazila.
She was identified as Saleha Begum, 40, a native of Ghatmajhi village, said Upazila Nirbahi Officer Saifuddin Gias.
"Her home was shaken by the gusts causing a cupboard to fall on top of her. She was rescued and taken to the Sadar Hospital in critical condition. Doctors later pronounced her dead."
The cyclone wreaked havoc on both sides of Mongla-Bagerhat Highway. Photo: Mostafigur Rahman BARISHAL
An elderly woman died under a fallen tree in Barishal, said Deputy Commissioner SM Aziar Rahman.
The incident occurred in the municipal town of Uzirpur around 2pm on Sunday. The woman was identified as Ashalata Mazumdar, 60.
BAGERHAT
A young girl, identified only as Samia, died after a tree upended during the storm in Bagerhat's Rampal, said the health directorate.
She hailed from Rampal's Ujolpur area.
At least 15 people were injured in different incidents in four coastal districts. Nine of them are currently receiving treatment at hospitals.
SHARIATPUR
An elderly man died in Naria Upazila when a tree fell on his home.
The mishap occurred at Deojari village under Dingamanik union on Sunday afternoon, Naria Police Station OC Hafizuddin said.


| [7] | Tapajit Dey, Andrey Karnauch, and Audris Mockus. Replication package for representation of developer expertise in open source software. In 2021 IEEE/ACM 43rd International Conference on Software Engineering: Companion Proceedings (ICSE-Companion), pages 236--237. IEEE, 2021. [ bib | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.4457107] |
| [6] | Tapajit Dey and Audris Mockus. A dataset of pull requests and a trained random forest model for predicting pull request acceptance.(may 2020), 2020. [ bib | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3858032 ] |
| [5] | Tapajit Dey, Bogdan Vasilescu, and Audris Mockus. A mapping between bot commit, projects, files, and blobs, 2020. [ bib | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3699664 ] |
| [4] | Tapajit Dey, Sara Mousavi, Eduardo Ponce, Tanner Fry, Bogdan Vasilescu, Anna Filippova, and Audris Mockus. A dataset of bot commits.(jan. 2020), 2020. [ bib | https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.3610205 ] |
| [3] | Tapajit Dey and Audris Mockus. Which pull requests get accepted and why? a study of popular npm packages. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.01153, 2020. [ bib | https://arxiv.org/pdf/2003.01153 ] |
| [2] | Tapajit Dey and Audris Mockus. A matching based theoretical framework for estimating probability of causation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1808.04139, 2018. [ bib | https://arxiv.org/pdf/1808.04139 ] |
| [1] | Yuxing Ma, Tapajit Dey, Jarred M Smith, Nathan Wilder, and Audris Mockus. Crowdsourcing the discovery of software repositories in an educational environment. PeerJ Preprints, 4:e2551v1, 2016. [ bib | https://peerj.com/preprints/2551.pdf ] |
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Rode the Portland "Gourmet" Century today. http://cycling.robotlikes.com/rides/375. Food was above average as promised, but the 4 flats I weren't much fun.
8/19/2012, 9:30:06 PM
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Rode the Portland "Gourmet" Century today. http://cycling.robotlikes.com/rides/375. Food was above average as promised, but the 4 flats I weren't much fun.
8/19/2012, 9:30:06 PM
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[Google Scholar] [Github] [CV] [LinkedIn] [Twitter]
Matthew Roddy is a PhD candidate at the Electrical Engineering Department of Trinity College Dublin. His research focuses on the design of conversational turn-taking models that can aid spoken dialogue systems (SDSs) in producing naturalistic interactions. More specifically, his work focuses on drawing information from multiple modalities to train deep learning models to predict conversational turn-taking behavior. His research incorporates elements from machine-learning, audio-visual signal processing, natural language processing, and social sciences.
His supervisor is Dr. Naomi Harte. He is part of the Sigmedia Lab and is funded by the ADAPT Centre.
Expected thesis submission date: Summer 2019.


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Functions
Functions are self-contained chunks of code that perform a specific task. You give a function a name that identifies what it does, and this name is used to “call” the function to perform its task when needed.
Swift’s unified function syntax is flexible enough to express anything from a simple C-style function with no parameter names to a complex Objective-C-style method with names and argument labels for each parameter. Parameters can provide default values to simplify function calls and can be passed as in-out parameters, which modify a passed variable once the function has completed its execution.
Every function in Swift has a type, consisting of the function’s parameter types and return type. You can use this type like any other type in Swift, which makes it easy to pass functions as parameters to other functions, and to return functions from functions. Functions can also be written within other functions to encapsulate useful functionality within a nested function scope.
Defining and Calling Functions
When you define a function, you can optionally define one or more named, typed values that the function takes as input, known as parameters. You can also optionally define a type of value that the function will pass back as output when it is done, known as its return type.
Every function has a function name, which describes the task that the function performs. To use a function, you “call” that function with its name and pass it input values (known as arguments) that match the types of the function’s parameters. A function’s arguments must always be provided in the same order as the function’s parameter list.
The function in the example below is called greet(person:)
, because that’s what it does—it takes a person’s name as input and returns a greeting for that person. To accomplish this, you define one input parameter—a String
value called person
—and a return type of String
, which will contain a greeting for that person:
func greet(person: String) -> String {
let greeting = "Hello, " + person + "!"
return greeting
}
All of this information is rolled up into the function’s definition, which is prefixed with the func
keyword. You indicate the function’s return type with the return arrow ->
(a hyphen followed by a right angle bracket), which is followed by the name of the type to return.
The definition describes what the function does, what it expects to receive, and what it returns when it is done. The definition makes it easy for the function to be called unambiguously from elsewhere in your code:
print(greet(person: "Anna"))
// Prints "Hello, Anna!"
print(greet(person: "Brian"))
// Prints "Hello, Brian!"
You call the greet(person:)
function by passing it a String
value after the person
argument label, such as greet(person: "Anna")
. Because the function returns a String
value, greet(person:)
can be wrapped in a call to the print(_:separator:terminator:)
function to print that string and see its return value, as shown above.
The body of the greet(person:)
function starts by defining a new String
constant called greeting
and setting it to a simple greeting message. This greeting is then passed back out of the function using the return
keyword. In the line of code that says return greeting
, the function finishes its execution and returns the current value of greeting
.
You can call the greet(person:)
function multiple times with different input values. The example above shows what happens if it is called with an input value of "Anna"
, and an input value of "Brian"
. The function returns a tailored greeting in each case.
To make the body of this function shorter, you can combine the message creation and the return statement into one line:
func greetAgain(person: String) -> String {
return "Hello again, " + person + "!"
}
print(greetAgain(person: "Anna"))
// Prints "Hello again, Anna!"
Function Parameters and Return Values
Function parameters and return values are extremely flexible in Swift. You can define anything from a simple utility function with a single unnamed parameter to a complex function with expressive parameter names and different parameter options.
Functions Without Parameters
Functions are not required to define input parameters. Here’s a function with no input parameters, which always returns the same String
message whenever it is called:
func sayHelloWorld() -> String {
return "hello, world"
}
print(sayHelloWorld())
// Prints "hello, world"
The function definition still needs parentheses after the function’s name, even though it does not take any parameters. The function name is also followed by an empty pair of parentheses when the function is called.
Functions With Multiple Parameters
Functions can have multiple input parameters, which are written within the function’s parentheses, separated by commas.
This function takes a person’s name and whether they have already been greeted as input, and returns an appropriate greeting for that person:
func greet(person: String, alreadyGreeted: Bool) -> String {
if alreadyGreeted {
return greetAgain(person: person)
} else {
return greet(person: person)
}
}
print(greet(person: "Tim", alreadyGreeted: true))
// Prints "Hello again, Tim!"
 Note that this function is distinct from the greet(person:)
function shown in an earlier section. Although both functions have names that begin with greet
, the greet(person:alreadyGreeted:)
function takes two arguments but the greet(person:)
function takes only one.
Functions Without Return Values
Functions are not required to define a return type. Here’s a version of the greet(person:)
function, which prints its own String
value rather than returning it:
func greet(person: String) {
print("Hello, \(person)!")
}
greet(person: "Dave")
// Prints "Hello, Dave!"
Because it does not need to return a value, the function’s definition does not include the return arrow (->
) or a return type.
The return value of a function can be ignored when it is called:
func printAndCount(string: String) -> Int {
print(string)
return string.count
}
func printWithoutCounting(string: String) {
let _ = printAndCount(string: string)
}
printAndCount(string: "hello, world")
// prints "hello, world" and returns a value of 12
printWithoutCounting(string: "hello, world")
// prints "hello, world" but does not return a value
The first function, printAndCount(string:)
, prints a string, and then returns its character count as an Int
. The second function, printWithoutCounting(string:)
, calls the first function, but ignores its return value. When the second function is called, the message is still printed by the first function, but the returned value is not used.
Functions with Multiple Return Values
You can use a tuple type as the return type for a function to return multiple values as part of one compound return value.
The example below defines a function called minMax(array:)
, which finds the smallest and largest numbers in an array of Int
values:
func minMax(array: [Int]) -> (min: Int, max: Int) {
var currentMin = array[0]
var currentMax = array[0]
for value in array[1..<array.count] {
if value < currentMin {
currentMin = value
} else if value > currentMax {
currentMax = value
}
}
return (currentMin, currentMax)
}
The minMax(array:)
function returns a tuple containing two Int
values. These values are labeled min
and max
so that they can be accessed by name when querying the function’s return value.
The body of the minMax(array:)
function starts by setting two working variables called currentMin
and currentMax
to the value of the first integer in the array. The function then iterates over the remaining values in the array and checks each value to see if it is smaller or larger than the values of currentMin
and currentMax
respectively. Finally, the overall minimum and maximum values are returned as a tuple of two Int
values.
Because the tuple’s member values are named as part of the function’s return type, they can be accessed with dot syntax to retrieve the minimum and maximum found values:
let bounds = minMax(array: [8, -6, 2, 109, 3, 71])
print("min is \(bounds.min) and max is \(bounds.max)")
// Prints "min is -6 and max is 109"
Note that the tuple’s members do not need to be named at the point that the tuple is returned from the function, because their names are already specified as part of the function’s return type.
Optional Tuple Return Types
If the tuple type to be returned from a function has the potential to have “no value” for the entire tuple, you can use an optional tuple return type to reflect the fact that the entire tuple can be nil
. You write an optional tuple return type by placing a question mark after the tuple type’s closing parenthesis, such as (Int, Int)?
or (String, Int, Bool)?
.
The minMax(array:)
function above returns a tuple containing two Int
values. However, the function does not perform any safety checks on the array it is passed. If the array
argument contains an empty array, the minMax(array:)
function, as defined above, will trigger a runtime error when attempting to access array[0]
.
To handle an empty array safely, write the minMax(array:)
function with an optional tuple return type and return a value of nil
when the array is empty:
func minMax(array: [Int]) -> (min: Int, max: Int)? {
if array.isEmpty { return nil }
var currentMin = array[0]
var currentMax = array[0]
for value in array[1..<array.count] {
if value < currentMin {
currentMin = value
} else if value > currentMax {
currentMax = value
}
}
return (currentMin, currentMax)
}
You can use optional binding to check whether this version of the minMax(array:)
function returns an actual tuple value or nil
:
if let bounds = minMax(array: [8, -6, 2, 109, 3, 71]) {
print("min is \(bounds.min) and max is \(bounds.max)")
}
// Prints "min is -6 and max is 109"
Function Argument Labels and Parameter Names
Each function parameter has both an argument label and a parameter name. The argument label is used when calling the function; each argument is written in the function call with its argument label before it. The parameter name is used in the implementation of the function. By default, parameters use their parameter name as their argument label.
func someFunction(firstParameterName: Int, secondParameterName: Int) {
// In the function body, firstParameterName and secondParameterName
// refer to the argument values for the first and second parameters.
}
someFunction(firstParameterName: 1, secondParameterName: 2)
All parameters must have unique names. Although it’s possible for multiple parameters to have the same argument label, unique argument labels help make your code more readable.
Specifying Argument Labels
You write an argument label before the parameter name, separated by a space:
func someFunction(argumentLabel parameterName: Int) {
// In the function body, parameterName refers to the argument value
// for that parameter.
}
Here’s a variation of the greet(person:)
function that takes a person’s name and hometown and returns a greeting:
func greet(person: String, from hometown: String) -> String {
return "Hello \(person)! Glad you could visit from \(hometown)."
}
print(greet(person: "Bill", from: "Cupertino"))
// Prints "Hello Bill! Glad you could visit from Cupertino."
The use of argument labels can allow a function to be called in an expressive, sentence-like manner, while still providing a function body that is readable and clear in intent.
Omitting Argument Labels
If you don’t want an argument label for a parameter, write an underscore (_
) instead of an explicit argument label for that parameter.
func someFunction(_ firstParameterName: Int, secondParameterName: Int) {
// In the function body, firstParameterName and secondParameterName
// refer to the argument values for the first and second parameters.
}
someFunction(1, secondParameterName: 2)
If a parameter has an argument label, the argument must be labeled when you call the function.
Default Parameter Values
You can define a default value for any parameter in a function by assigning a value to the parameter after that parameter’s type. If a default value is defined, you can omit that parameter when calling the function.
func someFunction(parameterWithoutDefault: Int, parameterWithDefault: Int = 12) {
// If you omit the second argument when calling this function, then
// the value of parameterWithDefault is 12 inside the function body.
}
someFunction(parameterWithoutDefault: 3, parameterWithDefault: 6) // parameterWithDefault is 6
someFunction(parameterWithoutDefault: 4) // parameterWithDefault is 12
Place parameters that don’t have default values at the beginning of a function’s parameter list, before the parameters that have default values. Parameters that don’t have default values are usually more important to the function’s meaning—writing them first makes it easier to recognize that the same function is being called, regardless of whether any default parameters are omitted.
Variadic Parameters
A variadic parameter accepts zero or more values of a specified type. You use a variadic parameter to specify that the parameter can be passed a varying number of input values when the function is called. Write variadic parameters by inserting three period characters (...
) after the parameter’s type name.
The values passed to a variadic parameter are made available within the function’s body as an array of the appropriate type. For example, a variadic parameter with a name of numbers
and a type of Double...
is made available within the function’s body as a constant array called numbers
of type [Double]
.
The example below calculates the arithmetic mean (also known as the average) for a list of numbers of any length:
func arithmeticMean(_ numbers: Double...) -> Double {
var total: Double = 0
for number in numbers {
total += number
}
return total / Double(numbers.count)
}
arithmeticMean(1, 2, 3, 4, 5)
// returns 3.0, which is the arithmetic mean of these five numbers
arithmeticMean(3, 8.25, 18.75)
// returns 10.0, which is the arithmetic mean of these three numbers
In-Out Parameters
Function parameters are constants by default. Trying to change the value of a function parameter from within the body of that function results in a compile-time error. This means that you can’t change the value of a parameter by mistake. If you want a function to modify a parameter’s value, and you want those changes to persist after the function call has ended, define that parameter as an in-out parameter instead.
You write an in-out parameter by placing the inout
keyword right before a parameter’s type. An in-out parameter has a value that is passed in to the function, is modified by the function, and is passed back out of the function to replace the original value. For a detailed discussion of the behavior of in-out parameters and associated compiler optimizations, see In-Out Parameters.
You can only pass a variable as the argument for an in-out parameter. You cannot pass a constant or a literal value as the argument, because constants and literals cannot be modified. You place an ampersand (&
) directly before a variable’s name when you pass it as an argument to an in-out parameter, to indicate that it can be modified by the function.
Here’s an example of a function called swapTwoInts(_:_:)
, which has two in-out integer parameters called a
and b
:
func swapTwoInts(_ a: inout Int, _ b: inout Int) {
let temporaryA = a
a = b
b = temporaryA
}
The swapTwoInts(_:_:)
function simply swaps the value of b
into a
, and the value of a
into b
. The function performs this swap by storing the value of a
in a temporary constant called temporaryA
, assigning the value of b
to a
, and then assigning temporaryA
to b
.
You can call the swapTwoInts(_:_:)
function with two variables of type Int
to swap their values. Note that the names of someInt
and anotherInt
are prefixed with an ampersand when they are passed to the swapTwoInts(_:_:)
function:
var someInt = 3
var anotherInt = 107
swapTwoInts(&someInt, &anotherInt)
print("someInt is now \(someInt), and anotherInt is now \(anotherInt)")
// Prints "someInt is now 107, and anotherInt is now 3"
The example above shows that the original values of someInt
and anotherInt
are modified by the swapTwoInts(_:_:)
function, even though they were originally defined outside of the function.
Function Types
Every function has a specific function type, made up of the parameter types and the return type of the function.
For example:
func addTwoInts(_ a: Int, _ b: Int) -> Int {
return a + b
}
func multiplyTwoInts(_ a: Int, _ b: Int) -> Int {
return a * b
}
This example defines two simple mathematical functions called addTwoInts
and multiplyTwoInts
. These functions each take two Int
values, and return an Int
value, which is the result of performing an appropriate mathematical operation.
The type of both of these functions is (Int, Int) -> Int
. This can be read as:
“A function that has two parameters, both of type Int
, and that returns a value of type Int
.”
Here’s another example, for a function with no parameters or return value:
func printHelloWorld() {
print("hello, world")
}
The type of this function is () -> Void
, or “a function that has no parameters, and returns Void
.”
Using Function Types
You use function types just like any other types in Swift. For example, you can define a constant or variable to be of a function type and assign an appropriate function to that variable:
var mathFunction: (Int, Int) -> Int = addTwoInts
This can be read as:
“Define a variable called mathFunction
, which has a type of ‘a function that takes two Int
values, and returns an Int
value.’ Set this new variable to refer to the function called addTwoInts
.”
The addTwoInts(_:_:)
function has the same type as the mathFunction
variable, and so this assignment is allowed by Swift’s type-checker.
You can now call the assigned function with the name mathFunction
:
print("Result: \(mathFunction(2, 3))")
// Prints "Result: 5"
A different function with the same matching type can be assigned to the same variable, in the same way as for nonfunction types:
mathFunction = multiplyTwoInts
print("Result: \(mathFunction(2, 3))")
// Prints "Result: 6"
As with any other type, you can leave it to Swift to infer the function type when you assign a function to a constant or variable:
let anotherMathFunction = addTwoInts
// anotherMathFunction is inferred to be of type (Int, Int) -> Int
Function Types as Parameter Types
You can use a function type such as (Int, Int) -> Int
as a parameter type for another function. This enables you to leave some aspects of a function’s implementation for the function’s caller to provide when the function is called.
Here’s an example to print the results of the math functions from above:
func printMathResult(_ mathFunction: (Int, Int) -> Int, _ a: Int, _ b: Int) {
print("Result: \(mathFunction(a, b))")
}
printMathResult(addTwoInts, 3, 5)
// Prints "Result: 8"
This example defines a function called printMathResult(_:_:_:)
, which has three parameters. The first parameter is called mathFunction
, and is of type (Int, Int) -> Int
. You can pass any function of that type as the argument for this first parameter. The second and third parameters are called a
and b
, and are both of type Int
. These are used as the two input values for the provided math function.
When printMathResult(_:_:_:)
is called, it is passed the addTwoInts(_:_:)
function, and the integer values 3
and 5
. It calls the provided function with the values 3
and 5
, and prints the result of 8
.
The role of printMathResult(_:_:_:)
is to print the result of a call to a math function of an appropriate type. It doesn’t matter what that function’s implementation actually does—it matters only that the function is of the correct type. This enables printMathResult(_:_:_:)
to hand off some of its functionality to the caller of the function in a type-safe way.
Function Types as Return Types
You can use a function type as the return type of another function. You do this by writing a complete function type immediately after the return arrow (->
) of the returning function.
The next example defines two simple functions called stepForward(_:)
and stepBackward(_:)
. The stepForward(_:)
function returns a value one more than its input value, and the stepBackward(_:)
function returns a value one less than its input value. Both functions have a type of (Int) -> Int
:
func stepForward(_ input: Int) -> Int {
return input + 1
}
func stepBackward(_ input: Int) -> Int {
return input - 1
}
Here’s a function called chooseStepFunction(backward:)
, whose return type is (Int) -> Int
. The chooseStepFunction(backward:)
function returns the stepForward(_:)
function or the stepBackward(_:)
function based on a Boolean parameter called backward
:
func chooseStepFunction(backward: Bool) -> (Int) -> Int {
return backward ? stepBackward : stepForward
}
You can now use chooseStepFunction(backward:)
to obtain a function that will step in one direction or the other:
var currentValue = 3
let moveNearerToZero = chooseStepFunction(backward: currentValue > 0)
// moveNearerToZero now refers to the stepBackward() function
The preceding example determines whether a positive or negative step is needed to move a variable called currentValue
progressively closer to zero. currentValue
has an initial value of 3
, which means that currentValue > 0
returns true
, causing chooseStepFunction(backward:)
to return the stepBackward(_:)
function. A reference to the returned function is stored in a constant called moveNearerToZero
.
Now that moveNearerToZero
refers to the correct function, it can be used to count to zero:
print("Counting to zero:")
// Counting to zero:
while currentValue != 0 {
print("\(currentValue)... ")
currentValue = moveNearerToZero(currentValue)
}
print("zero!")
// 3...
// 2...
// 1...
// zero!
Nested Functions
All of the functions you have encountered so far in this chapter have been examples of global functions, which are defined at a global scope. You can also define functions inside the bodies of other functions, known as nested functions.
Nested functions are hidden from the outside world by default, but can still be called and used by their enclosing function. An enclosing function can also return one of its nested functions to allow the nested function to be used in another scope.
You can rewrite the chooseStepFunction(backward:)
example above to use and return nested functions:
func chooseStepFunction(backward: Bool) -> (Int) -> Int {
func stepForward(input: Int) -> Int { return input + 1 }
func stepBackward(input: Int) -> Int { return input - 1 }
return backward ? stepBackward : stepForward
}
var currentValue = -4
let moveNearerToZero = chooseStepFunction(backward: currentValue > 0)
// moveNearerToZero now refers to the nested stepForward() function
while currentValue != 0 {
print("\(currentValue)... ")
currentValue = moveNearerToZero(currentValue)
}
print("zero!")
// -4...
// -3...
// -2...
// -1...
// zero!
Copyright © 2017 Apple Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Updated: 2017-09-19


MR. JONES A film review by Scott Renshaw Copyright 1993 Scott Renshaw
Starring: Richard Gere, Lena Olin. Screenplay: Eric Roth & Michael Christofer. Director: Mike Figgis.
There was a point during MR. JONES when it occurred to me that if it had been made in French, someone might have championed it as an understated bit of high culture. It's well-directed, generally well-acted, and includes several meaningful closeups and a few piano performances. It also features a story which goes absolutely nowhere. If any film this year can be said to demonstrate a visual monotone, it's MR. JONES.
Richard Gere is Mr. Jones, a manic-depressive pianist turned construction worker. Jones is given to grand theatrics, such as poising himself on the edge of a roof and claiming he's going to fly, or jumping onstage at a symphony to conduct the orchestra. After such incidents, he is brought to a hospital where he is treated by Dr. Libby Bowen (Lena Olin), a jittery psychiatrist recently separated from her husband. Dr. Bowen wants to have Mr. Jones involuntarily committed, but he convinces a judge that he's merely a grandiose personality. However, he soon bottoms out of his euphoria, and voluntarily enters the hospital to be treated. Dr. Bowen becomes attracted to Mr. Jones' sense of living life on the edge and tries to help him exorcise his demons, getting closer and closer to crossing the line between therapist and patient.
A film like MR. JONES has to walk its own very fine line, being careful not to romanticize mental illness. Unfortunately, MR. JONES is doomed from the start because it's about a romance with a mentally ill man. Dr. Bowen is introduced as a compulsively late emotional wreck, and we are expected to see her become more serene and appreciative of life as she sees it through his eyes. Is the idea that one can only truly live while on the manic side of manic depression? Or that Dr. Bowen develops a protective love for this shattered man? Both concepts are fairly distasteful, and it makes it awfully hard for the love story to generate any resonance. It also hurts that Dr. Bowen's character is terribly underdeveloped. She is supposed to be the dynamic character in this piece, like Tom Cruise to Dustin Hoffman in RAIN MAN, but there's not a clear enough sense of where she's coming from to make where she's going compelling. MR. JONES is just a case of a poorly developed basic premise.
This basic premise is also undercut by a performance from Richard Gere which is excellent, but toned totally wrong for the film. It's a daring portrayal, never kooky just for the sake of being kooky (like Mary Stuart Masterson directing traffic with ping pong paddles in BENNY & JOON), and willing to dig into the darker corners of this disturbed man's psyche. The problem is that Gere is so good at conveying Jones' dark side that Dr. Bowen's attraction just doesn't make any sense. Lena Olin spends most of the film sporting a look of bewildered concern, and exactly where or why her attraction is supposed to begin is never clear. These two people seem to have been thrown into bed together simply for the expendience of the story, and not because of any character motivation.
Where MR. JONES is likely to lose most viewers, however, is a tone so muted that it's virtually inaudible. Everything is slowly, painstakingly framed, even those moments which are supposed to represent Mr. Jones' mania. There is virtually no underscore, causing far too many scenes to come off cold and clinical.  JONES seems to dare you to find any emotional attachment. It doesn't help that some scenes are poorly lit, and that in others Lena Olin's dialogue is almost completely incomprehensible. I want to admire MR. JONES for not leaning towards the sentimental, but it's no virtue to opt instead for comatose.
MR. JONES has been sitting on the shelf for a year or so, and it's easy to see why. It's a love story without much love, and a character study low on character. I was impressed by Richard Gere, but he alone isn't reason enough to spend two hours with Mr. Jones ... whose first name Dr. Bowen never bothers to ask.
Now *that's* love.
On the Renshaw scale of 0 to 10 mg of Haldol: 3.
.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


by @chrisnager
Not ready for the latest in CSS ? Check the table-based flavor.
ungrid is a responsive, table-based CSS grid system. To use, simply put as many .col
s as you wish in your .row
s and the .col
s will automatically be evenly spaced. This allows you to roll your own simple grids.
ungrid-flex.css (76 bytes minified):
@media (min-width: 30em) {
.row { display: flex; flex-wrap: nowrap; }
.col { flex-grow: 1; }
}
A .col
can be a .row
, and that's all.

Flex is also ready for that, use flex-basis
property with the shorthand :
(flex-grow
needs to be forced to 0
)
flex: 0 [WIDTH];
flex: 0 15%;
flex: 0 400px;
Both fixed and percentage base widths work perfectly. You can even use them together. The remaining columns will take up the rest of the available space.


Register
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{% include article.html %} 本著作可保持署名-非商業性-相同方式分享-自由轉載 Posted by Lucien, {% include post/date.html %}{{ time }} {% include post/categories.html %} {% include post/tags.html %}


|
|||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
public interface MemberOf
All immediate subjects, and effective members are members. No duplicates will be returned (e.g. if immediate and effective). THIS IS AN ALPHA INTERFACE THAT MAY CHANGE AT ANY TIME.
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
void |
addComposite(GrouperSession s,
Group g,
Composite c)
A composite group is composed of two groups and a set operator (stored in grouper_composites table) (e.g. |
void |
addImmediate(GrouperSession s,
Group g,
Field f,
Member _m)
An immediate member is directly assigned to a group. |
void |
addImmediate(GrouperSession s,
Stem ns,
Field f,
Member _m)
An immediate member is directly assigned to a group. |
void |
deleteComposite(GrouperSession s,
Group g,
Composite c)
A composite group is composed of two groups and a set operator (stored in grouper_composites table) (e.g. |
void |
deleteImmediate(GrouperSession s,
Group g,
Membership _ms,
Member _m)
An immediate member is directly assigned to a group. |
void |
deleteImmediate(GrouperSession s,
Stem ns,
Membership _ms,
Member _m)
An immediate member is directly assigned to a group. |
Set |
getDeletes()
|
Set<String> |
getGroupIdsWithNewMemberships()
|
Set |
getModifiedGroups()
|
Set |
getModifiedStems()
|
Set |
getSaves()
|
Set<String> |
getStemIdsWithNewMemberships()
|
Set<GrouperAPI> |
getUpdates()
|
| Method Detail |
|---|
void addComposite(GrouperSession s, Group g, Composite c) throws IllegalStateException
IllegalStateException
void addImmediate(GrouperSession s, Group g, Field f, Member _m) throws IllegalStateException
IllegalStateException
void addImmediate(GrouperSession s, Stem ns, Field f, Member _m) throws IllegalStateException
IllegalStateException
void deleteComposite(GrouperSession s, Group g, Composite c) throws IllegalStateException
IllegalStateException
void deleteImmediate(GrouperSession s, Group g, Membership _ms, Member _m) throws IllegalStateException
IllegalStateException
void deleteImmediate(GrouperSession s, Stem ns, Membership _ms, Member _m) throws IllegalStateException
IllegalStateException
Set getSaves()
Set getModifiedGroups()
Set getModifiedStems()
Set getDeletes()
Set<GrouperAPI> getUpdates()
Set<String> getGroupIdsWithNewMemberships()
Set<String> getStemIdsWithNewMemberships()
|
|||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | ||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |


Home
→ Libraries
Libraries
Search for your nearest library
All libraries and pop-ups
Bury St Edmunds Library
- Sergeants Walk, St Andrews Street North, Bury St Edmunds
- IP33 1TZ
- 01284 338830
Capel St Mary Library
- Village Hall, The Street, Capel St Mary
- IP9 2EP
- 01473 311699
Chantry Library
- Hawthorn Drive, Ipswich
- IP2 0QY
- 01473 927275
Debenham Library
- School Corner, Debenham, Stowmarket
- IP14 6PL
- 01728 861940
Eye Library
- 6 Cross Street, Eye
- IP23 7AB
- 01379 870515
Framlingham Library
- The Old Court House, Bridge Street, Framlingham
- IP13 9AJ
- 01728 723735
Glemsford Library
- Village Hall, Glemsford
- CO10 7RH
- 01787 281803
Great Cornard Library
- Thomas Gainsborough School (formerly known as the Upper School), Head Lane, Great Cornard
- CO10 0JU
- 01787 315195
Ixworth Library
- Village Hall, High Street, Ixworth
- IP31 2HH
- 01359 231493
Kessingland Library
- Marram Green, Hall Road, Kessingland
- NR33 7AH
- 01502 741212
Lakenheath Library
- 65 High Street, Lakenheath
- IP27 9DS
- 01842 860723
Lavenham Library
- Lavenham Village Hall, Church Street, Lavenham
- CO10 9QT
- 01787 247729
Leiston Library
- Old Post Office Square, Main Street, Leiston
- IP16 4ER
- 01728 831252
Long Melford Library
- United Reformed Church Room, Hall Street, Long Melford
- CO10 9JT
- 01787 377525
Mildenhall Library
- Chestnut Close, Mildenhall
- IP28 7NL
- 01638 713558
Needham Market Library
- School Street, Needham Market
- IP6 8BB
- 01449 720780
Newmarket Library
- 1a the Guineas, Newmarket
- CB8 8EQ
- 01638 661216
Rushmere (Suffolk Libraries Local)
- Ransomes Sports Pavilion, Sidegate Avenue, Ipswich
- IP4 4JJ
Saxmundham Library
- County Offices, Street Farm Road, Saxmundham
- IP17 1AL
- 01728 652440
Shotley (Suffolk Libraries Local)
- Shotley Village Hall, The Street, Shotley, Ipswich
- IP9 1LX
Southwold Library
- North Green, Southwold
- IP18 6AT
- 01502 722519
Stoke Library
- High School, Maidenhall Approach, Ipswich
- IP2 8PL
- 01473 681751
Stradbroke Library
- Court House, Queens Street, Stradbroke
- IP21 5HG
- 01379 384768
Thurston Library
- Thurston Community College, Thurston, Bury St Edmunds
- IP31 3PB
- 01359 235048
West Suffolk House Library
- Main reception, West Suffolk House, Western Way, Bury St Edmunds
- IP33 3YU
- 01284 763233
Wickham Market Library
- Resource Centre, Chapel Lane, Wickham Market
- IP13 0SD
- 01728 747216


Explanation of the different parts: Content - The content of the box, where text and images appear Padding - Clears an area around the content. The padding is transparent Border - A border that goes around the padding and content Margin - Clears an area outside the border. The margin is transparent
The CSS box model is essentially a box that wraps around every HTML element. It consists of: borders, padding, margins, and the actual content.
Important: When you set the width and height properties of an element with CSS, you just set the width and height of the content area.
To calculate the full size of an element, you must also add padding, borders and margins
Here is the calculation: 320px (width) + 20px (left + right padding) + 10px (left + right border) + 0px (left + right margin) = 350px The total width of an element should be calculated like this: Total element width = width + left padding + right padding + left border + right border + left margin + right margin The total height of an element should be calculated like this: Total element height = height + top padding + bottom padding + top border + bottom border + top margin + bottom margin


% layout("layout.html",{title:'this is a title'}){ %> this is content!! <%}%> <% include("include.html"){ print("can not see"); } print("can see"); %>


Realism Tattoo
A tattoo that looks exactly like it would in the real world
A tattoo that looks exactly like it would in the real world
Design is the oldest form of tattooing (after ancient tribal techniques)
Currently very popular, colour tattoos mimic an experimental artistic process
Detailed designs often cover large areas of the body such as the back or the arm.
Nearly always black in colour, often using symmetry and geometrical design
Gothic, swirly, intricate fonts are popular but there's no limit to what font a script tattoo might utilise
Today there are more than 15,000 tattoo parlors in the U.S., compared to roughly 500 professional tattoo artists operating in 1960. But while the industry is booming, it’s difficult to get your foot in the door. The first step is to get an apprenticeship under a reputable artist who will teach you all they know, but that can take years of persistence.
It may be years before an artist-in-training gets to wield a tattoo gun. When they finally get their first shot at inking some real human skin, it’s often attached to their own body. “I just had my apprentice tattoo himself,” Leever says. “It was terrible tattoo. It turned out horrible. He messed it up and he’ll learn from that but now things will make more sense the next time he does it


Photos: At Least 100 Houses Destroyed, 2 Killed and Dozens Injured in Raging Wildfires in Australia
MOSCOW (Sputnik) - At least 100 houses were destroyed by bush fires in eastern Australia, the Rural Fire Service of the New South Wales region (NSW RFS) said Saturday, adding that more than 30 people were injured, while three people were unaccounted for due to the fires.
"At this stage, it appears at least 100 homes have been destroyed in yesterday's bush fires. Three people are unaccounted for. More than 30 people have been injured", the NSW RFS wrote on Twitter.
The authorities have been issuing multiple warnings, advising the public to leave various areas as bush or grass fires continued to burn in New South Wales and Queensland.
According to the NSW RFS, there were 77 bush or grass fires in the area, including 42 uncontained blazes, as of 06:30 a.m. on Saturday (19:30 GMT on Friday).
Local media also suggested that the risk of fires was expected to increase in the Western Australia region amid hot and windy weather there, adding that at least two people were killed and 7 were reported missing in the raging wildfires.


Close
List of games I've made outside game jams. Those games comes in two types: simple post-jam versions of game jam entries and "complete*" games.
Usually, my deadlines for post-jam versions are until the next game jam. For Ludum Dare entries, that would be around 4 months (minus the time spent rating games).
"Complete" games are those not directly created based on a game jam entry. The mechanic may be based on a jam entry, but the game itself is a completely separated work (usually not sharing any code or asset previously made for a jam).
Also, I may take breaks from these projects to do other stuff (like this site or to take part of yet another game jam...). To ensure do I eventually release them, I usually set a competition as the deadline (like BIG Festival).
* Note: I only wrote "complete" because I consider any game in this page, one way or another, as complete (even the most broken ones).


yungy boi
being yungest boi
i be yung
being the yung
having the yung
doing a great yung
yung-ness
yungey
HTML
contact me nibber
hollar the name of yung boi into the
wind


Use the SPACE BAR twice to shoot and to stop the shot. Use the arrows on your keyboard to aim, and SPACE BAR twice to shoot and to stop the shot


nips nips2010 nips2010-15 nips2010-15-reference knowledge-graph by maker-knowledge-mining
Source: pdf
Author: Indraneel Mukherjee, Robert E. Schapire
Abstract: Boosting combines weak classiﬁers to form highly accurate predictors. Although the case of binary classiﬁcation is well understood, in the multiclass setting, the “correct” requirements on the weak classiﬁer, or the notion of the most efﬁcient boosting algorithms are missing. In this paper, we create a broad and general framework, within which we make precise and identify the optimal requirements on the weak-classiﬁer, as well as design the most effective, in a certain sense, boosting algorithms that assume such requirements. 1
[1] Jacob Abernethy, Peter L. Bartlett, Alexander Rakhlin, and Ambuj Tewari. Optimal stragies and minimax lower bounds for online convex games. In Proceedings of the Nineteenth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory, pages 415–424, 2008.
[2] Erin L. Allwein, Robert E. Schapire, and Yoram Singer. Reducing multiclass to binary: A unifying approach for margin classiﬁers. Journal of Machine Learning Research, 1:113–141, 2000.
[3] Alina Beygelzimer, John Langford, and Pradeep Ravikumar. Error-correcting tournaments. In Algorithmic Learning Theory: 20th International Conference, pages 247–262, 2009.
[4] Thomas G. Dietterich and Ghulum Bakiri. Solving multiclass learning problems via error-correcting output codes. Journal of Artiﬁcial Intelligence Research, 2:263–286, January 1995.
[5] G¨ nther Eibl and Karl-Peter Pfeiffer. Multiclass boosting for weak classiﬁers. Journal of Machine Learnu ing Research, 6:189–210, 2005.
[6] Yoav Freund. Boosting a weak learning algorithm by majority. 121(2):256–285, 1995. Information and Computation,
[7] Yoav Freund. An adaptive version of the boost by majority algorithm. Machine Learning, 43(3):293–318, June 2001.
[8] Yoav Freund and Manfred Opper. Continuous drifting games. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, pages 113–132, 2002.
[9] Yoav Freund and Robert E. Schapire. Experiments with a new boosting algorithm. In Machine Learning: Proceedings of the Thirteenth International Conference, pages 148–156, 1996.
[10] Yoav Freund and Robert E. Schapire. Game theory, on-line prediction and boosting. In Proceedings of the Ninth Annual Conference on Computational Learning Theory, pages 325–332, 1996.
[11] Yoav Freund and Robert E. Schapire. A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting. Journal of Computer and System Sciences, 55(1):119–139, August 1997.
[12] Trevor Hastie and Robert Tibshirani. Classiﬁcation by pairwise coupling. Annals of Statistics, 26(2):451– 471, 1998.
[13] V. Koltchinskii and D. Panchenko. Empirical margin distributions and bounding the generalization error of combined classiﬁers. Annals of Statistics, 30(1), February 2002.
[14] Gunnar R¨ tsch and Manfred K. Warmuth. Efﬁcient margin maximizing with boosting. Journal of Machine a Learning Research, 6:2131–2152, 2005.
[15] Robert E. Schapire. The strength of weak learnability. Machine Learning, 5(2):197–227, 1990.
[16] Robert E. Schapire. Drifting games. Machine Learning, 43(3):265–291, June 2001.
[17] Robert E. Schapire. The boosting approach to machine learning: An overview. In MSRI Workshop on Nonlinear Estimation and Classiﬁcation, 2002.
[18] Robert E. Schapire, Yoav Freund, Peter Bartlett, and Wee Sun Lee. Boosting the margin: A new explanation for the effectiveness of voting methods. Annals of Statistics, 26(5):1651–1686, October 1998.
[19] Robert E. Schapire and Yoram Singer. Improved boosting algorithms using conﬁdence-rated predictions. Machine Learning, 37(3):297–336, December 1999.
[20] Robert E. Schapire and Yoram Singer. BoosTexter: A boosting-based system for text categorization. Machine Learning, 39(2/3):135–168, May/June 2000.
[21] Ji Zhu, Hui Zou, Saharon Rosset, and Trevor Hastie. Multi-class AdaBoost. Statistics and Its Interface, 2:349360, 2009. 9


Twitter4R v0.2.4
The Ultimate Open Source Ruby Library for the Twitter REST API
MIT License
Copyright (c) 2006-2007 Susan Potter.
Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
 IN NO EVENT SHALL THE AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN THE SOFTWARE.


Example 5: CEC’2017 Test Suite¶
Example of solving the first 10 benchmark functions in CEC’2017 test suite with dimensionality d=2
using Differential Evolution.
Summary¶
Algorithms: DE
Type: Continuous, Single-objective
Field: Benchmarking, Mathematical Optimization
Problem Description¶
The following notes are appliable to all test functions in CEC’2017
All test functions in CEC’2017 are shifted by the vector \(\vec{o}\).
Search range for all functions is \([-100,100]^d\).
\(\mathbf{M}_i\) is the rotation matrix. Different rotation matrices are assigned to each function in the test suite.
The shifted and rotated function is defined as \(F_i = f_i(\mathbf{M}(\vec{x}-\vec{o})) + F_i^*\)
Where \(f(.)\) is the base function obtained from the classical functions group (e.g. Zakharov, Cigar, Rosenbrock). The list of the functions in CEC’2017 is shown below based on the reference indicated at the table bottom.
NEORL script¶
import numpy as np
import neorl.benchmarks.cec17 as functions #import all cec17 functions
from neorl import DE
reduced_func=functions.all_functions[:10] #keep only the first 10 functions
nx = 2 #set dimension
BOUNDS={}
for i in range(1,nx+1):
BOUNDS['x'+str(i)]=['float', -100, 100]
for FIT in reduced_func:
#setup and evolute PSO
de=DE(mode='min', bounds=BOUNDS, fit=FIT, npop=60, F=0.5,
CR=0.7, ncores=1, seed=1)
x_best, y_best, de_hist=de.evolute(ngen=100, verbose=0)
opt=float(FIT.__name__.strip('f'))*100
print('Function: {}, x-DE={}, y-DE={}, y-Optimal={}'.format(FIT.__name__,
np.round(x_best,2),
np.round(y_best,2),
opt))
Results¶
After running the script above, the output looks like below, which shows that DE was able to converge to the optimal value for all functions, of course, because the problem is simple with d=2
dimensions.
Function: f1, x-DE=[-55.28 -70.43], y-DE=100.0, y-Optimal=100.0
Function: f2, x-DE=[-29.34 -17.05], y-DE=200.0, y-Optimal=200.0
Function: f3, x-DE=[-55.94 4.54], y-DE=300.0, y-Optimal=300.0
Function: f4, x-DE=[32.51 7.76], y-DE=400.0, y-Optimal=400.0
Function: f5, x-DE=[-17.41 56.17], y-DE=500.0, y-Optimal=500.0
Function: f6, x-DE=[ 79.09 -24.57], y-DE=600.0, y-Optimal=600.0
Function: f7, x-DE=[-46.65 42.28], y-DE=700.32, y-Optimal=700.0
Function: f8, x-DE=[ 32.16 -55.97], y-DE=800.0, y-Optimal=800.0
Function: f9, x-DE=[-24.48 2.3 ], y-DE=900.0, y-Optimal=900.0
Function: f10, x-DE=[-15.95 -59.89], y-DE=1000.33, y-Optimal=1000.0


About
Our Mission
"Be A Buddhist"'s mission is to give people the platform to build routines and schedules
to do their buddhist religious prayer. We hope that people will use our product to stay devoted with Buddhism and their own Spiritual journey,
to discover what are the ways of a Buddhist, gain access to numerous free audio and mantra sound files,
and to create playlist of them to organize personal prayer routines.
Our Team
"Be A Buddhist" is a product of Meyven, a developer studio missioned with providing best ideas and visions to public and business users.
The developers at Meyven are highly motivated with keeping up with modern technology. Our goals are to connect creativity and innovative solutions to business needs.
Developer of MeyBuddhism
Kevin Moe Myint Myat is the main developer of "Be A Buddhist", who has a solid background in Software Engineering and UI/UX frontend.
He is passionate about building user-friendly apps using cutting-edge technology which has been primarily showcased in Be A Buddhist app designs.


Riley Carlson
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Thank you for you all.
All your support would transform into the energy making Taiwan a better country.
Every plan can be devoted into by us in the future!
為了回報支持，甫哥用自己能力為各位做出一些感謝的東西
To show some feedback, I utilize things I can reach to to organize some items.
注入1000元，甫哥為你/妳親筆寫一張卡片 (上面可能有台灣加油或是可愛圖案之類的)
Put in NT$1000, I can conduct a card for you (w/ words like "cheers for TW" or some cute icon).
注入10000元，甫哥為你/妳錄製一段影片 (當然，本人可以念出任何不違法的文字)
Put in NT$10000, I can record a personalized video for you (all words needs to be legal)
來信詢問甫哥的匯款帳號
Send an e-mail for my remittance account, thank you.
我的信箱 My e-mail account
b09402019@ntu.edu.tw


Tourism business have suffered enormously during the pandemic. The following section gives a peek into the impacts of the COVID-19 on the tourism businesses of Kathmandu.
A HUGE LOSS
Except for a negligible fraction, almost all the tourism businesses shut down during the pandemic. A big chunk (77%) closed temporarily, significantly 17% may never open again. The closure, in turn, has cascading effects on the employment, income, and livelihoods of the people associated with it apart from the loss of years of experience gained by those people in the field of Nepali tourism.

Dropping Revenues and negative savings
For the majority of the businesses, there was no revenue during the pandemic. Even for the rest, revenues had decreased drastically, as shown in the graph below.
A part of this lack of revenue would definitely have translated to 87% of the businesses ending up with negative savings i.e. having to borrow money to sustain themselves. This further added debt i.e. an increase in the future running costs.
A steep surge in layoffs - workforces emptying to zero
Consequently, the overall workforce size took a major hit. 37% of the workforce emptied to zero, three fourth of the workforce were laid off in 28% of the businesses, half in 14%, and one-fourth in 9%.


- Player - Class in entity
-
- Player() - Constructor for class entity.Player
-
Default constructor.
- Player(String) - Constructor for class entity.Player
-
Constructor that can give the player a name.
- Player(String, int) - Constructor for class entity.Player
-
Constructor that can give the player a name and a starting balance.
- PlayerList - Class in entity
-
- PlayerList(int) - Constructor for class entity.PlayerList
-
Creates an empty array of player objects.
- playTurn(Player) - Method in class control.GameController
-
Method that receives a player object and posts a message with instructions for the player.
- playTurnTest(GameBoard, Player, boolean) - Method in class test.GameControllerTestStub
-
Method that implements the exact same logic as our gameController's playTurn, just without all the GUI interaction.
- preMsg(Player) - Method in class entity.language.Dansk
-
- preMsg(Player) - Method in class entity.language.English
-
- preMsg(Player) - Method in interface entity.language.Language
-
- preMsg(Player) - Method in class entity.language.LanguageHandler
-
Premessage at the start of players turn
- price - Variable in class entity.fields.Ownable
-
- printDiceChangeNotExecuted() - Method in class entity.language.Dansk
-
- printDiceChangeNotExecuted() - Method in class entity.language.English
-
- printDiceChangeNotExecuted() - Method in interface entity.language.Language
-
- printDiceChangeNotExecuted() - Method in class entity.language.LanguageHandler
-
Prints a error message if the dices couldn't be changed.
- printDiceChangeSucces() - Method in class entity.language.Dansk
-
- printDiceChangeSucces() - Method in class entity.language.English
-
- printDiceChangeSucces() - Method in interface entity.language.Language
-
- printDiceChangeSucces() - Method in class entity.language.LanguageHandler
-
Prints that the dices were changed successfully.
- printRules() - Method in class entity.language.Dansk
-
- printRules() - Method in class entity.language.English
-
- printRules() - Method in interface entity.language.Language
-
- printRules() - Method in class entity.language.LanguageHandler
-
Prints the rules of the game.
- printScore(Player[]) - Method in class entity.language.Dansk
-
- printScore(Player[]) - Method in class entity.language.English
-
- printScore(Player[]) - Method in interface entity.language.Language
-
- printScore(Player[]) - Method in class entity.language.LanguageHandler
-
Prints the score.
- purchaseConfirmation() - Method in class entity.language.Dansk
-
- purchaseConfirmation() - Method in class entity.language.English
-
- purchaseConfirmation() - Method in interface entity.language.Language
-
- purchaseConfirmation() - Method in class entity.language.LanguageHandler
-
Returns a message that confirms your purchase


What does this do?
It is a simple web application which allows you to share your WiFi credentials instantly with your friends and family.
How does this work?
Our application generates a PDF file of a QR code, which contains your WiFi credentials. You can take a printout of the PDF file. Everyone can then simply scan the QR code to instantly connect to your WiFi.
Wow. Who gave you idea about this awesome app?
Idea by Pratik.
Do you store our WiFi credentials in your database?
No, We do not store your WiFi credentials or any other kind of information about you.


Before Change
args=(results_file_path, timing_queue,))
// The start the server to listen and put results on queue.
handler = functools.partial(
RequestHandler, process_pool, hostname, timing_queue, clients_port)
listener = server.HTTPServer(server_address, handler)
logging.info("Starting httpserver...\n")
try:
listener.serve_forever()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
After Change
server_address = ("", int(sys.argv[1]))
results_file_path = sys.argv[2]
clients_port = sys.argv[3]
use_listening_server = sys.argv[4] == "True"
vms_name_constructor = functools.partial(sys.argv[5].replace, "VM_ID")
num_vms = int(sys.argv[6])
hostname = socket.gethostname()
process_pool = multiprocessing.Pool()
multiprocessing_manager = multiprocessing.Manager()
timing_queue = multiprocessing_manager.Queue()
// Start the worker to move results from queue to file first.
process_pool.apply_async(WriteResultsToFile,
args=(results_file_path, timing_queue,))
if use_listening_server:
ActAsServer(process_pool, timing_queue, clients_port, hostname,
server_address)
// The start the server to listen and put results on queue.
else:
ActAsClient(process_pool, timing_queue, clients_port,
vms_name_constructor, num_vms)


The Grid Simple Creation test page
Create grid without any properties
Create grid with self defined data property
Create grid with empty data property


@(listOfProductsFound: List[Product]) @main("Listing of products corresponding to the search by name") {


Installation
@includes.advertisement()Installing SDKMAN! on UNIX is a breeze. It effortlessly sets up on macOS, Linux and Windows (with WSL). Plus, it's compatible with both Bash and ZSH shells.
Just launch a new terminal and type in:
$ curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash
Follow the on-screen instructions to wrap up the installation. Afterward, open a new terminal or run the follwing in the same shell:
$ source "$HOME/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
Lastly, run the following snippet to confirm the installation's success:
$ sdk version
You should see output containing the latest script and native versions:
SDKMAN!
script: @scriptCliVersion
native: @nativeCliVersion
Windows installation
For Windows, there are two installation routes:
- WSL Approach: Install Windows Subsystem for Linux (WSL) before attempting SDKMAN installation. A basic toolset (bash, zip, unzip, curl) is necessary. Most times, it works out of the box.
- Git Bash Solution: If you use Git Bash for Windows, you'll need to supplement it with MinGW to have the required toolset for SDKMAN. There are some issues with this approach, but it works for the most part.
Remember, SDKMAN requires a bash environment to run. On Windows, it can't be natively installed; you need WSL or MSYS+MinGW. We no longer support Cygwin.
Beta channel
Feeling adventurous? We've got a beta channel. New CLI features hit this channel first for trial. You can join by installing it directly:
$ curl -s "https://beta.sdkman.io" | bash
To leave the beta channel, simply set sdkman_beta_channel
to false
in
~/.sdkman/etc/config
, then run:
$ sdk selfupdate force
Uninstallation
Here is how you go about removing SDKMAN! from your system:
- Optionally backup and then remove the installation:
- Remove initialization snippet from your shell configs. Edit and remove the initialisation snippet from your
$ tar zcvf ~/sdkman-backup_$(date +%F-%kh%M).tar.gz -C ~/ .sdkman
$ rm -rf ~/.sdkman
.bashrc
, .bash_profile
and/or .profile
files. If you use ZSH, remove it from the .zshrc
file. The snippet
of code to be removed looks something like this:
#THIS MUST BE AT THE END OF THE FILE FOR SDKMAN TO WORK!!!
[[ -s "/home/dudette/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh" ]] && source "/home/dudette/.sdkman/bin/sdkman-init.sh"
Once removed, you have successfully uninstalled SDKMAN! from your machine.
Install to a custom location
Lastly, if you want to install SDKMAN! in a custom location, like /usr/local/sdkman
,
make sure you have full access rights and that the folder doesn't exist. Export
SDKMAN_DIR
before installing:
$ export SDKMAN_DIR="/usr/local/sdkman" && curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io" | bash
Install without modifying shell config
And for installs on CI where shell config modification isn't appropriate, add
rcupdate=false
as a parameter when downloading the installer:
$ curl -s "https://get.sdkman.io?rcupdate=false" | bash
That's all there is to it! Now let's dive into Usage.


By Caden Miller
Player1: 0
Player2: 0
Dots and Boxes is a game where players connect lines in order to form boxes. The player to successfully complete a box "wins" that box and score a point. Once a point has been scored, that player is allowed to go again.
The AI uses the minimax algorithm to search the game tree in order to find the best move. Alpha beta pruning is used to to disregard game trees that will not yield good results, thus speeding up the game tree search. The board is also analyzed to detect chains. One chain is norrowed down to 3 possible moved instead of analyzing every board position.
Everything seems to work exactly how I would expect it to, however, there is no doubt in my mind that there are bugs in my code. Much work needs to be done with the data structures in order to create a scalable version of this game. The code is is currently undocumented. Now that chains are detected, I need to find a better way to determine if the end game will have an even or odd number of chains as searching the entire game tree is infeasable.


soccer-rewind-api documentation
Overview
dependencies
Legend
Declarations
Module
Bootstrap
Providers
Exports
cluster_AppModule
cluster_AppModule_imports
cluster_PlayerCareerModule
cluster_PlayerCareerModule_providers
cluster_PlayerModule
cluster_PlayerModule_providers
cluster_TeamModule
cluster_TeamModule_providers
PlayerCareerModule
PlayerCareerModule
AppModule
AppModule
PlayerCareerModule->AppModule
PlayerModule
PlayerModule
PlayerModule->AppModule
TeamModule
TeamModule
TeamModule->AppModule
PlayerCareerService
PlayerCareerService
PlayerCareerService->PlayerCareerModule
PlayerService
PlayerService
PlayerService->PlayerModule
TeamService
TeamService
TeamService->TeamModule
Zoom in
Reset
Zoom out
4 Modules
3 Controllers
6 Injectables
22 Classes
1 Guard
result-matching "
"
No results matching "
"


lazy
lazy(fn: function, m?: string): Parser
Takes a parser factory function and defers execution of that function until the returned parser is executed. This can be used to define recursive parsers.
First, note that throughout this page, we will be in one of the rare territories where the distinction between parser and parser factory is actually very important. On this page, when parser is used, it actually means parser and not parser factory.
To illustrate why lazy
is necessary, let's look at a naive definition of a parser that recursively parses comma-separated lists of words.
const word = many1(letter())
const list = seq(
word,
opt(right(char(','), list)),
)
This looks fine, but it actually is illegal JavaScript. A variable (list
in this case) cannot be used until it is fully defined. That means that list
cannot be used within the definition of list
, so a recursive variable declaration like this is not allowed.
The simple way to fix that is to make list
into a function instead (in fact, this function is a parser factory, as it's a function that returns a parser). It's perfectly okay to reference a function from inside its own definition.
function list() {
return seq(
word,
opt(right(char(','), list()))
)
}
This also looks fine, but it has an even scarier problem. When you try to create a parser by invoking list
, an infinite loop is created. list
calls list
, which calls list
, and so on, forever (or at least until the stack overflows). We can see by looking at the definition that list
wouldn't need to be called if the input didn't have the optional comma after a word, but there's no way for list
to know whether that's the case, since an input hasn't been applied yet.
What we need is a solution like this one, except that it would defer the internal call to list
until it was sure that it was actually needed. In other words, it would have to only call list
when the parser was executed, not when it was created.
That's what lazy
is for. Instead of running the parser factory that's passed to it, it wraps it in a parser which calls that parser factory when it's executed. If that parser is never executed — in this case, because that opt
isn't satisfied because there's no comma to parse — then the parser factory doesn't run and the infinite loop never happens.
Here's the final, working solution to this recursive parser factory.
function list() {
return seq(
word,
opt(right(char(','), lazy(list)))
)
}
list
is now a safe parser factory that can be executed like any other parser factory without fear that it will loop infinitely.
Important notes on recursion
There are two important things to know about recursive parsers and how to use lazy
to implement them.
The first is that, as with any recursion, there has to be a signal to stop. In recursive functions, there's usually an if
statement that stops the function from running itself again once a certain point is reached (for example, a recursive factorial function will have some statement like if (n === 0) return n
). That's the same with recursive parsers. lazy
will do no good unless there is a case where it's not run, such as (as above) being inside an opt
combinator that will eventually not match.
The second is that lazy
cannot solve left-recursion. Top-down parser libraries like Kessel simply can't do left-recursive grammars. The example above is an example of right-recursion, which simply means that the recursive term (list
in the above case) appears on the right side of a sequence. right
is a sequence parser, and list
appears on the right side of that sequence. Kessel can parse this without a problem.
Something like this, on the other hand, would make trouble. (This is done in a BNF-like grammar; I am no BNF expert and don't expect you to be either. The meaning should be fairly clear anyway.)
Expression ::= Expression '*' Expression
|| Expression '+' Expression
|| Term
Term ::= Number | Variable
This is not an uncommon sort of thing to want to parse; it's just a way of recursively defining multiplication and addition operations. But in this form, there's no way for Kessel (or any other top-down parser, combinator-based or not) to parse it successfully. The problem is that the recursive term, Expression
in this case, is on the left side of a sequence. It's left-recursive.
Fortunately all left-recursive grammars can be transformed via algorithm into right-recursive grammars, at the cost of some complexity. Here's the same grammar, but with no left-recursion.
Expression ::= Multiplication '+' Expression
|| Multiplication
Multiplication ::= Term '*' Term
|| Term
Term ::= Number | Variable
This time, Expression
appears on the right side of a sequence. This is right-recursive, and with the help of lazy
, a Kessel parser for this grammar is easily constructed.
Algorithms to eliminate left-recursion are beyond the scope of this documentation, but there are a lot of sources available to explain how to do it. A quite academic resource (for those of you that like things like that) is available a the Western University CS department, and a more accessible one (at least in my opinion) can be found at the Worcester Polytechnic Institute CS department. Wikipedia's article on left recursion has a reasonable algorithm; Wikipedia's material on math and on theoretical computing is often extremely dence, but I find this one usable.
If none of those excite you, just do a Google search for "left recursion elimination". You will get a lot of results, and perhaps one of them will work better for you than these three. If not, there are even videos on YouTube on how to do it.
Example
const parser = (function parser() {
return clean(flat(seq(
join(many1(letter())),
opt(right(char(','), lazy(parser))),
)))
})()
const s = parse(parser, 'alfa,bravo,charlie')
console.log(status(s)) // "ok"
console.log(success(s)) // ["alfa","bravo","charlie"]
const f = parse(parser, '123,456,789')
console.log(status(f)) // "fail"
console.log(failure(f)) // Parse error at (line 1, column 1):
//
// 123,456,789
// ^
// Expected a letter
This is a "real" example of the code in the discussion above, in that it accounts for handling joining and flattening of character arrays into strings and for eliminating the null
that opt
will eventually produce when it doesn't match anymore. That was left out in the text above because it wasn't relevant to that discussion, but if you ran the s
example case with the simple code from the discussion, you'd get
[
['a', 'l', 'f', 'a'],
[
['b', 'r', 'a', 'v', 'o'],
[
['c', 'h', 'a', 'r', 'l', 'i', 'e'],
[null],
]
]
]
And that's probably not what you want.
It is also idiomatic in that it's in an IIFE, so parser
is an actual parser rather than a parser factory. This matches up with the examples in all of the other API documentation pages. You can, of course, do it how you want.
If this code makes sense to you without taking a few minutes to study it, then you've come far in your knowledge of Kessel.
Parameters
fn
: A parser factory function whose invocation will be deferred until thelazy
parser is executed.m
: The optional expected error message that will take the place of the default error message.
Success
- Succeeds if the parser produced by
fn
succeeds. Returns that parser's result.
Failure
- Fails if the parser produced by
fn
fails.
Fatal Failure
- Fails fatally if the parser produced by
fn
fails fatally.
Throws
- Throws an error if
fn
is not a function. - Throws an error if
m
exists and is not a string. - Throws an error if
fn
does not return a parser.


--- layout: post status: publish published: true title: Build a Custom Validator in Grails with a Plugin author: display_name: Geoff Lane login: admin email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>url: http://www.zorched.net author_login: admin author_email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>author_url: http://www.zorched.net date: '2008-01-25 20:54:41 -0500' date_gmt: '2008-01-26 02:54:41 -0500' categories: - Code - Groovy tags: - groovy - grails - plugins - validation ---
Grails is a really nice MVC framework inspired by Ruby on Rails. The difference is that Grails is built using Groovy and Java and leverages existing, well known frameworks as it's foundation. It is essentially a fairly thin convention-over-configuration and integration layer on top of Spring and Hibernate. The documentation for common scenarios is pretty good, but once you get outside of the common cases it deteriorates pretty quickly. This is part of my contribution I guess.
You can find a comprehensive list of the built in validations on the Grails website. It includes the ability to create a custom validator for a domain class if the built in ones do not suffice. So you can write a validator inline to your domain object.
{% highlight groovy %} class Student { String name Calendar dateOfBirth Calendar enrollmentDate static constraints = { name(blank:false) dateOfBirth(blank:false, validator: { val, obj -> // Ensure that the date of birth is before the enrollment date return ! val.after(obj.enrollmentDate) })) } } {% endhighlight %}
This validator is just a closure, so you could write it external to the class and reuse it among many different domain classes. I was interested to know how to create a "first-class" validator though that looked and acted just like the built in ones.
So, first: Generate a plugin. On the command line issue the command grails create-plugin MyApp. This will create a directory containing everything you need to construct a new plugin. The directory really looks like a mini Grails application. In fact you can run it exactly as a grails app which is great for testing.
This will create a src/ directory in the plugin as well. We can create our validator in there. You can create some directories under src/groovy or src/java to create a package. Use groovy or java depending on which language you want to use to implement your validator.
Here's an example of a constraint used to validate a Postal Code (or zip code). This is a simple implementation that supports validating Canadian and US postal codes. {% highlight groovy %} package net.zorched.validation import org.codehaus.groovy.grails.validation.AbstractConstraint import org.springframework.validation.Errors class PostalCodeConstraint extends AbstractConstraint { private static final String DEFAULT_NOT_POSTAL_CODE_MESSAGE_CODE = "default.not.postalCode.message"; public static final String POSTAL_CODE_CONSTRAINT = "postalCode"; private boolean postalCode; private US = { postalCode-> postalCode ==~ /\d{5}/ } private CA = { postalCode-> postalCode ==~ /[A-Z]\d[A-Z] \d[A-Z]\d/ } public void setParameter(Object constraintParameter) { if(!(constraintParameter instanceof Boolean)) throw new IllegalArgumentException("Parameter for constraint [" +POSTAL_CODE_CONSTRAINT+"] of property [" +constraintPropertyName+"] of class [" +constraintOwningClass+"] must be a boolean value"); this.postalCode = ((Boolean)constraintParameter).booleanValue(); super.setParameter(constraintParameter); } protected void processValidate(Object target, Object propertyValue, Errors errors) { if (! validPostalCode(target, propertyValue)) { def args = (Object[]) [constraintPropertyName, constraintOwningClass, propertyValue] super.rejectValue(target, errors, DEFAULT_NOT_POSTAL_CODE_MESSAGE_CODE, "not." + POSTAL_CODE_CONSTRAINT, args); } } boolean supports(Class type) { return type != null && String.class.isAssignableFrom(type); } String getName() { return POSTAL_CODE_CONSTRAINT; } boolean validPostalCode(target, propertyValue) { def country = "US" if (target.metaClass.hasMetaProperty("country")) { country = target.country } println country this."$country"(propertyValue) } } {% endhighlight %}
The name property is the key used to match your validator in your domain class to this Constraint instance. {% highlight groovy %} class Address { String street String city String state String postalCode String country = "US" static constraints = { street(nullable:true) city(blank:false) state(size:2..2) postalCode(blank:false,postalCode:true) } } {% endhighlight %}
You'll notice that I wrote the main algorithm for doing the validation as its own method. That will make it easy for me to write Unit Tests to confirm the functionality of my validator before I implement it in a domain class. So, now when someone comes back and wants to support Zip+4 in the US, I'll can write a test, see that it fails and then fix my Constraint to support that case as well.
{% highlight groovy %} class PostalCodeConstraintTests extends GroovyTestCase { void test_us_postal_code_succeeds_for_valid() { def postalCodeConstraint = new PostalCodeConstraint() def address = new Address(country:"US", postalCode:"53212") assert postalCodeConstraint.validPostalCode(address, address.postalCode) } void test_us_postal_code_fails_for_canada() { def postalCodeConstraint = new PostalCodeConstraint() def address = new Address(country:"US", postalCode:"A1A 3E3") assert ! postalCodeConstraint.validPostalCode(address, address.postalCode) } void test_ca_postal_code_succeeds_for_valid() { def postalCodeConstraint = new PostalCodeConstraint() def address = new Address(country:"CA", postalCode:"A1A 1D3") assert postalCodeConstraint.validPostalCode(address, address.postalCode) } } class Address { String country String postalCode } {% endhighlight %}
{% highlight groovy %} import net.zorched.validation.PostalCodeConstraint import org.codehaus.groovy.grails.validation.ConstrainedProperty class MyAppPlugin { def version = 0.1 def author = "Geoff Lane" def description = ''' This plugin adds specific functionality to the application for my app. ''' def dependsOn = [:] def loadAfter = ['controllers'] def doWithSpring = { ConstrainedProperty.registerNewConstraint( PostalCodeConstraint.POSTAL_CODE_CONSTRAINT, PostalCodeConstraint.class); } } {% endhighlight %}
ConstrainedProperty basically keeps a map of the constraint keys to the class type that implements the constraint.
UPDATE: Please check out the Grails Custom Constraints plugin that automates all of this at http://grails.org/plugin/constraints


{% extends "layout.html" %} {% block title %}Malformed search query{% endblock %} {% block breadcrumb %} {% endblock %} {% block body %}
You searched for
{{ query }}
but this is not a malformed query according to SQLite standards (which is the database system that we use).
Please go back and use a different query. If you think that your query should still somehow work, please get in touch. {% endblock %}


There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2023_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2022_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2021_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2020_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2019_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2018_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2017_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2016_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}There are no review articles available for this year.
{% else %} {% for publication in all_2015_review_articles %} {% include publication_article_citation.html %} {% endfor %} {% endif %}


See here
To better teach you physics we're going to give you the controls of a spaceship
Next
Let's start with showing you velocity.
Increasing the velocity means the spaceship will reach its destination faster.
Next
Since we're learning physics here, we're going to have to see some math.
Earlier, we had a distance $d$, a velocity $v$, and a time $t$. But how do they all relate?
\begin{align*} t = \frac{ \Delta x }{ v } \\ v = \frac{ \Delta x }{ t } \\ \Delta x = v t \\ \end{align*}Try it!
Your spaceship has to reach its destination in ? seconds


Hello {{name}}, Please follow this link to activate your account. You have 24 hours. {{activationLink}} Love, {{config.email.companyName}}


Insurance list:
Insurcom
Covering:
Health
Type:
PPO
?
Metal level:
Platinum
?
?
Drugs:
$15
?
Primary Care Visits:
$75
?
Yearly Deductible
$6000
$356/mon
Health Ins
Covering:
All-in-one
Type:
HMO
?
Metal level:
Silver
?
?
Drugs:
$15
?
Primary Care Visits:
$75
?
Yearly Deductible
$6000
$611/mon
Dentalife
Covering:
Dental
Type:
EPO
?
Metal level:
Gold
?
?
Drugs:
$15
?
Primary Care Visits:
$75
?
Yearly Deductible
$6000
$283/mon
Insurcom
Covering:
Health
Type:
POS
?
Metal level:
Bronze
?
?
Drugs:
$15
?
Primary Care Visits:
$75
?
Yearly Deductible
$6000
$214/mon
Insurcom
Covering:
Health
Type:
PPO
?
Metal level:
Platinum
?
?
Drugs:
$15
?
Primary Care Visits:
$75
?
Yearly Deductible
$6000
$356/mon
Health Ins
Covering:
All-in-one
Type:
HMO
?
Metal level:
Silver
?
?
Drugs:
$15
?
Primary Care Visits:
$75
?
Yearly Deductible
$6000
$611/mon
Dentalife
Covering:
Dental
Type:
EPO
?
Metal level:
Gold
?
?
Drugs:
$15
?
Primary Care Visits:
$75
?
Yearly Deductible
$6000
$283/mon
Insurcom
Covering:
Health
Type:
POS
?
Metal level:
Bronze
?
?
Drugs:
$15
?
Primary Care Visits:
$75
?
Yearly Deductible
$6000
$214/mon


Hello Reader! My name is Nick Brown, I am a 22 year old creative writing major from Colorado College and am currently studying Web Development at Dev Boot Camp! This site (as well as my coding skills) is a work in progress, so please feel free to browse around, enjoy yourslef and send any comments that you might have to me with the email link! Thanks!
-Nick Brown


module Secp256k1::Curve
Overview
Implements 256-bit Secp256k1
Koblitz elliptic curve operations.
Ref: secg.org/sec2-v2.pdf
Extended Modules
Defined in:
secp256k1/curve.crInstance Method Summary
-
#add(p : Point, q : Point, prime = P) : Point
Computes the elliptic curve jive addition of point
p(x, y)
andq(x, y)
. -
#double(p : Point, prime = P) : Point
Computes the elliptic curve juke point doubling of
p(x, y)
. -
#mod_inv(a : Num | BigInt, prime = P) : Num
Computes the elliptic curve modular multiplicative inverse of
a
. -
#mul(p : Point, s : Num | BigInt) : Point
Computes the elliptic curve sequence multiplication of point
p(x, y)
and a skalars
; withs
being a private key within the elliptic curve field size ofN
.
Instance Method Detail
Computes the elliptic curve jive addition of point p(x, y)
and q(x, y)
.
It draws a line between p
and q
which will intersect the
curve in the point r
which will be mirrored over the x
-axis.
Paramters:
p
(Num
): the pointp(x, y)
to be used in the jive addition.q
(Num
): the pointq(x, y)
to be used in the jive addition.prime
(Num
): the prime number that shapes the field (defaultP
).
Returns a Point
containing the result of the intersection.
p = Point.new Num.new "5cb1eec17e38b004a8fd90fa8e423432430f60d76c30bb33f4091243c029e86d"
q = Point.new Num.new "7e17f60baa7b8dc8581a55f7be1ea263c6a88452cf3f0a3f710651767654946c"
Curve.add p, q
# => #<Secp256k1::Point:0x7f9cb270f5e0
# @x=#<Secp256k1::Num:0x7f9cb26e8580
# @hex="462691876380f2b744fbeaac38c69b61f6fc0c09c88161d95a6c121ff939a62b",
# @dec=31730043992582273538171659139596419882010265215932424156945250658252958049835,
# @bin=Bytes[70, 38, 145, 135, 99, 128, 242, 183, 68, 251, 234, 172, 56, 198, 155, 97, 246, 252, 12, 9, 200, 129, 97, 217, 90, 108, 18, 31, 249, 57, 166, 43]>,
# @y=#<Secp256k1::Num:0x7f9cb26e8540
# @hex="5ab931d6727872d33ea0491705680f5fbcb7409ba80541470673c4fce4dfeea4",
# @dec=41035367046532706466310839850976742216202985567094126989716802462994340507300,
# @bin=Bytes[90, 185, 49, 214, 114, 120, 114, 211, 62, 160, 73, 23, 5, 104, 15, 95, 188, 183, 64, 155, 168, 5, 65, 71, 6, 115, 196, 252, 228, 223, 238, 164]>>
Computes the elliptic curve juke point doubling of p(x, y)
.
This is a special case of addition where both points are the same.
It draws a tangent line at p
which will intersect the curve
at point r
which will be mirrored over the x
-axis.
Paramters:
p
(Point
): the pointp(x, y)
to be used in the juke doubling.prime
(Num
): the prime number that shapes the field (defaultP
).
Returns a Point
as a result of the intersection.
p = Point.new Num.new "5cb1eec17e38b004a8fd90fa8e423432430f60d76c30bb33f4091243c029e86d"
Curve.double p
# => #<Secp256k1::Point:0x7f58a244e860
# @x=#<Secp256k1::Num:0x7f58a240fdc0
# @hex="a4a5f515981b6375a8f95c60607ca5ad5fee99bfc1615dabc9340f67e71bbfd0",
# @dec=74472528443376700120710890798997658581940283975604946405194317381666873262032,
# @bin=Bytes[164, 165, 245, 21, 152, 27, 99, 117, 168, 249, 92, 96, 96, 124, 165, 173, 95, 238, 153, 191, 193, 97, 93, 171, 201, 52, 15, 103, 231, 27, 191, 208]>,
# @y=#<Secp256k1::Num:0x7f58a240fd80
# @hex="0fa62813ae49d71dd3a19fbd17516e7e9dcdd5753d69cb13d87051d8d327253c",
# @dec=7078265941949780810129057229376739925018916922271301049726817038887681467708,
# @bin=Bytes[15, 166, 40, 19, 174, 73, 215, 29, 211, 161, 159, 189, 23, 81, 110, 126, 157, 205, 213, 117, 61, 105, 203, 19, 216, 112, 81, 216, 211, 39, 37, 60]>>
Computes the elliptic curve modular multiplicative inverse of a
.
Paremeters:
a
(Num | BigInt
): the integer that we want the modular inverse of.prime
(Num
): the prime number that shapes the field (defaultP
).
Returns a Num
containing the mod inverse.
a = Num.new "ea678c668356d16d8bf5c69f95c1055e39bd24174605f64846e27c3ae6a88d81"
Curve.mod_inv a
# => #<Secp256k1::Num:0x7fe839493480
# @hex="2901bbb12fcb64e9887e699e69e6b0b3811db18f6b4f94dfb26084e5cb38cac7",
# @dec=18547889042489459453149555262266367802647896593999507743600711803155665963719,
# @bin=Bytes[41, 1, 187, 177, 47, 203, 100, 233, 136, 126, 105, 158, 105, 230, 176, 179, 129, 29, 177, 143, 107, 79, 148, 223, 178, 96, 132, 229, 203, 56, 202, 199]>
Computes the elliptic curve sequence multiplication of point p(x, y)
and a skalar s
; with s
being a private key within the elliptic
curve field size of N
.
Paramters:
p
(Point
): the pointp(x, y)
to be used in the sequencing.s
(Num | BigInt
): a skalar, in most cases a private key.
Returns a Point
as a result of the multiplication.
p = Point.new Num.new "5cb1eec17e38b004a8fd90fa8e423432430f60d76c30bb33f4091243c029e86d"
s = Num.new "f51ad125548b7a283ebf15ab830a25c850d4d863078c48cc9993b79ee18ee11e"
Curve.mul p, s
# => #<Secp256k1::Point:0x7f4b6f6da940
# @x=#<Secp256k1::Num:0x7f4b6f6cef00
# @hex="748f267620fa2cbf67c925db79a9bef6f9025e642d9c15c1d34b4961471636b5",
# @dec=52721215017030004050607035413180757873535914286730888523429593251155658815157,
# @bin=Bytes[116, 143, 38, 118, 32, 250, 44, 191, 103, 201, 37, 219, 121, 169, 190, 246, 249, 2, 94, 100, 45, 156, 21, 193, 211, 75, 73, 97, 71, 22, 54, 181]>,
# @y=#<Secp256k1::Num:0x7f4b6f6cee00
# @hex="73832331979d89d395912061e341f8468cfb3e619da06a057e4a5ca95bb95e77",
# @dec=52247677450688090944696492452353217603423545532791062178926183551888078233207,
# @bin=Bytes[115, 131, 35, 49, 151, 157, 137, 211, 149, 145, 32, 97, 227, 65, 248, 70, 140, 251, 62, 97, 157, 160, 106, 5, 126, 74, 92, 169, 91, 185, 94, 119]>>


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