Computing has evolved in such a way that it has become increasingly impossible to be fully understood without several abstractions layers hiding complexities. A computer programmer does not need to directly interact with the machine anymore, high level programming languages (which simply means abstracted programming languages) allow you to write what you want the computer to do in a way that’s more easily understood by humans, making it significantly easier to express complex algorithms and mathematical ideas in general.
High level programming languages are usually transformed into machine code through the help of compilers, assemblers and linkers. In a nutshell, their job is to take your written code and “convert” it into the actual instructions a computer can “understand”. Note that this allows the same piece of code to target different instruction set architectures since you don’t actually need to rewrite the code itself, you just need to recompile it.
But what is an instruction set architecture? An ISA defines which instructions are available, what their behaviour is and how they are encoded. It also defines the set of registers, what they represent, how you can access them, the memory model and the levels of privilege. You might feel tempted to think the ISA dictates how a given processor internally works but this is not true. The ISA is just the software/hardware interface, it’s merely a standard that needs to be followed if you want programs to work in a wide array of processors with different characteristics without having to recompile it each time.
How can CPUs with the same ISA be different then? To answer this I first want you to think about it in a software way. The action of sorting only has a single valid output (the sorted result) but you can achieve the same thing using different algorithms (binary search, bubble sort, quick sort, etc). It’s the exact same thing for an ISA. An instruction defines what the output should be for a given input, but it does not define how this output should be computed.
The field of computer architecture comprises everything related to the design of computing systems at an abstracted level, which means understanding ISAs, pipelines, superscalar CPUs, Out-of-Order Execution, caching, GPUs, TPUs, etc. The field of digital design is responsible for implementing said things, usually through RTL design using a HDL such as VHDL or SystemVerilog.
The following sections will guide you through the implementation of a 5-stage pipeline in-order execution scalar RV32I CPU core written in VHDL, this might sound relatively complicated right now but if you continue you’ll see it’s actually quite simple.
RISC-V is an open-source and royalty-free ISA that has been gaining a lot of traction in the last few years. Think of it as a competitor to x86 and ARM (you’ve heard those 2 names several times right?) that allows universities and companies to freely innovate building accelerators and custom domain-specific systems. The ISA aims to be the Linux of hardware and I highly recommend reading my blog post on open-hardware.
Before continuing, I'd like to make it clear that RISC-V is not only relevant because it's royalty-free, the ISA itself is actually very competitive and the resulting code after the compilation process is usually not larger than x86 or ARM equivalents. The following image depicts what I'm talking about on SPEC, please check the entire presentation from Christopher Celio.
Without further ado, I’ll briefly introduce the RISC-V ISA so we can understand what we’ll be implementing in the next sections.
RISC-V is a modular ISA, which means not all instructions (or registers) need to be implemented if your implementation doesn’t need them. The base set with only the integer instructions is called the I subset, and it exists in 32b, 64b and 128b versions, RV32I, RV64I and RV128I, respectively. The I subset defines 32 internal general purpose registers but a reduced version for embedded systems exists with 16 only, the E subset (RV32E, RV64E and RV128E).
Extensions to the base set simply get their names appended into the suffix, so for example a CPU that implements the multiplication, atomics and compressed instructions extensions on top of RV32E has a RV32EMAC ISA. Some extensions can be “grouped” together to simplify the naming scheme, so instead of having RV64IMAFDC with all extensions explicitly stated, we have RV64GC, G means general purpose and shortens IMAFD.
The list of extensions is always changing and I recommend checking the most recent ISA manual PDF.
Instructions are grouped into encoding schemes by the kind of operation they perform, and the least significant bits tell the encoder how long the instruction is (in the case there’s support for the C extension).
RV32I has instructions for integer operations between values contained in 2 general purpose registers (R-type), or between one of them and an encoded immediate (I-type).
There are instructions for logic gates, simple arithmetic functions, setting values (compares then sets) and bitwise shifting (both arithmetic and logical).
You may notice that there is no MOV instruction, and that’s because the register x0 always has its value set to 0, which means you can simply ADD using it as either rs1 or rs2 to move data to another register.
Memory access instructions are split into loads and stores, for the various supported bit lengths, B for 8 bits (byte), H for 16 bits (half-word) and W for 32 bits (word). Load instructions sometimes have to fill the most significant bits, and for that reason there are signed and unsigned variants.
There’s also an instruction to load an upper immediate (most significant bits) into a register. Most other instructions only fit a lower immediate due to the encoding constraints, which means you usually need 2 separate instructions in order to fully modify a single register or the program counter. AUIPC adds an upper immediate into the current value stored in PC, and this will make sense as soon as we show the branching instructions.
Branching instructions compare values contained in 2 registers and then decide whether or not a jump should be made to the address pointed by PC + imm. You can branch based on whether values are equal, not equal, lower or greater than (U denotes unsigned comparisons).
The least significant bit is unnecessary in this case because jumps should be made to valid addresses, and odd numbers will always point to the second byte of a given instruction (not a valid destination regardless of them being 32 or 16 bits long).
Finally, there are the unconditional jump instructions. JAL (jump and link) performs a jump relative to the PC (PC + imm) with a 20 bits long upper immediate and stores the return address (PC + 4) into a given register (usually x1). JALR (jump and link register) performs a jump relative to a register with a 12 bits long lower immediate, also saving the return address into a chosen register.
You need to notice that to cover the entire memory address space you would need to use 2 instructions, like LUI or AUIPC followed by JALR (first modifies the 20 most significant bits of a given register and the second the least 12).
For a more detailed explanation of each instruction, please refer to the actual specification. In any case, those instructions simply define how they need to arrive at the CPU core and what their output should be for any given input, they do not define how those operations will be performed in hardware.
RTL stands for register transfer level, if you’ve somehow managed to reach this far without knowing what registers are, then allow me to introduce them in a simple way. Registers are structures made of logic gates capable of holding logic values. We usually employ registers when designing synchronous digital systems, since they allow us to break the problems into smaller portions, avoid race conditions and hold results (whether or not they’re transient).
We can see a simple example in the image below. The NOT gate simply inverts the bit coming out of the register, and then this is written into the register itself whenever the clock goes into a rising edge (the clock is the arbiter, the value only changes when the arbiter allows it to).
Using an EDA synthesis tool, you can create such a circuit out of a hardware description language (HDL). The example below is a VHDL equivalent to the circuit.
process(clk)
begin
if rising_edge(clk) then
Q <= not D;
end if;
end process;
You might be thinking that this does not look all that different from programming languages, and you’re right. Hardware description is very similar to programming in various ways, but don’t let them make you think it’s the exact same thing, because it’s not. When you’re programming, you’re describing an algorithm that will be executed by a physical structure called a processor. Your code gets compiled into small instructions and each instruction tells the processor to perform a simple task. The execution of those several small instructions result in your program as a whole.
When you’re describing hardware the story is a little bit different, you’re literally describing what the structure is. You’re not telling a processor what to do, you’re literally creating a description that will map to physical transistors and create a maze called a datapath (the literal path the data will take). Software code is usually executed in a procedural manner but hardware description is not even “executed” in the first place. The structures you describe will always be there and you need to remember that, it’s like parallel programming in the sense that you can have several things going on at the same time, but it’s not because you have several threads, you literally have physical structures that are always there.
Our example here was pretty simple, only 2 things could happen at all and the behaviour was entirely automatic depending solely on a clock input. When you actually need to control it you usually split the design into 2 big structures, the controller and the datapath. The controller is responsible for sending control signals to logic elements such as registers, muxes and ALUs, so you can control the flow of data and which operations are made.
In a CPU, the control unit can also be called the decoder unit, because it receives instructions from memory and then generates control signals so those instructions can be executed in the datapath. You do not need a single path for each individual instruction, several structures can be shared and with the help of muxes you can have a very efficient design capable of performing different tasks.
Now that we understand the extreme basics of digital design, we can go up again to a higher abstraction layer just to know what we need for our processor for it to work. We already know the decoder needs to be able to receive instructions, decode them and generate control signals, but the datapath is still undisclosed.
Let’s take a simple load instruction as an example “lb rd, rs1, imm”. This instruction needs to take a value from the internal register rs1, then add it to imm in the ALU to generate the address, then access the memory at the generated address and then save its contents into the internal register rd. From this alone we can infer a few steps: register read, address generation, memory access and register write. But let’s not forget that we also need to fetch the instruction from memory and decode it. The following image depicts this step by step procedure in what we call the classic RISC pipeline.
A simple CPU implementation has all those operations stacked in series in a procedural way, which means there are no registers in-between and everything can be done in a single clock cycle. This however, means the clock period needs to be long so there’s enough time for the signal to propagate through all the logic gates in the path (logic gates are implemented with transistors, and logic values are nothing more than voltage in a literal wire). The maximum clock frequency you can input and your circuit will still work is limited by what we call the critical path, which is the longest continuous logic path in a given circuit.
The technique of pipelining allows us to greatly reduce the critical path by inserting registers to hold values between the stages. In this case, instead of finishing the entire instruction in a single clock period we’ll only finish part of it, the entire instruction will need 5 clock cycles (for a 5-stage pipeline) instead of a single one.
You might be thinking that this sounds bad, but remember what I said before about RTL design being kinda like parallel programming, inserting registers in-between means we can get work done on 5 different instructions at the same time! With each of them getting part of it done in an individual pipeline stage. The following image depicts how instructions are executed in a 5-stage pipeline.
Of course your datapath will still have a critical path somewhere even splitting it into several stages like this, and breaking stages even further is what we call superpipelining (so instead of having EX we have EX1, EX2, EX3, etc). Higher performance CPUs capitalise on this even more by having multiple pipelines in parallel and executing instructions out of order, after properly calculating their dependency graph and finding independent portions of code within a single thread.
Pipelining greatly increases performance but it can also create problems. To give you an easy example, what should the CPU do after receiving a branch instruction? Naturally it would simply keep incrementing the program counter but now we don’t know which instruction is supposed to be the next one, this problem is called a control hazard and it has created an entire subfield of computer architecture dedicated exclusively to researching branch prediction and how to improve it (current state of the art CPUs have a guess rate of over 99%!). For a simple CPU though, we can simply assume the branch is not taken, which means we don’t need to do anything about the branch until it’s proven that it should’ve been taken.
Ok but what happens if the branch condition is indeed true? Well the first problem is that now we have to discard the instructions that we should not have started executing. This is called pipeline flushing and can be done directly to the registers separating the stages (handy, isn’t it?). The second problem is flushing causes more severe performance issues the longer your pipeline is, and we can only get away with something as simple as this because your pipeline is very short (modern CPUs are usually almost 20 stages long).
Ok so now that we know how to solve the branching problem, is pipelining good to go now? Not yet. Pipelining can also give you data hazards, which happen when an instruction currently in the execute stage has rs1 or rs2 equal to rd in the instructions currently in the memory access or write back stages (since those instructions are still being executed and their results have not been written back yet). The solution to this problem is data forwarding, which basically means taking those values from the last 2 stages and bringing them back to the EX stage.
Some textbooks will tell you that you also need forwarding when rs1 or rs2 in the ID stage coincides with rd in the WB stage, but if your register file has registers that update their values during the falling edges of the clock, you're guaranteed to have the correct values before the next rising edge which is when those get passed to the next stage.
The last problem you might encounter with pipelining is structural hazards, when you have 2 or more instructions that depend on the same structure at the same time, but this won’t happen in this implementation as it was thought out to be pipelined from the start. The final high level schematic can be seen in the following image, and this is what will be implemented in the following sections.
Before continuing, I’d like to know that I do not recommend you to write VHDL the way I did in these files, those were written to be extremely easy to understand by students. It’s not a good representation of production ready code and I’m sure there are better ways to write many things (especially the register file). VHDL is an old language originally intended for representation only and not synthesis, it’s very limited in features and extremely verbose. If you want to work with digital design in the current industry I’d highly recommend learning SystemVerilog instead, but VHDL is still widely taught in Europe and South America and this core was originally intended as a learning resource for Brazilian students.
You can check the source code for every single component here, linking directly to github guarantees you have the newest version of each file. I will not explicitly explain every file individually, read the explanation provided here and you should be able to easily follow the VHDL code. VHDL is extremely readable but sometimes it might feel repetitive, as an example you can not parameterise widths without going to higher level languages like Chisel or SpinalHDL.
The first elements we need to understand are registers and multiplexers. Registers simply hold a value, but they can be controlled through control signals and obviously need to follow a clock in order to be useful. For the following explanation please take a look at my VHDL description of a 32 bits rising edge register. The first thing to note is that our register has an asynchronous clear input signal that simply sets it to 0 regardless of the clock. Asynchronous clears are extremely common and widely used. The second thing to note is that we’re modifying an internal signal instead of dealing with the output directly. Why? Because if we do this we can make sure the signal is initialised with 0 which means our register is very well defined even before the first clock cycle.
Multiplexers are very different, they take multiple inputs but only output a single one of them, based on a control signal. For the following explanation please take a look at my VHDL description of a 32 bits 5 to 1 multiplexer. Since the mux is a literal “router” in our case, it doesn’t need internal signals, its output is simply hardwired to a given input based on the signal named selection. VHDL syntax is not particularly pretty, but this could’ve been written with a switch statement too if you prefer it to be more C-like. The repository contains several other muxes and registers, but they all follow the same logic.
The first stage of the CPU is called instruction fetch, and it contains a few things like the program counter, the program memory and the logic responsible for address incrementing.
The schematic makes it very simple to understand, we have a PC that points to a memory address. This memory address is always incremented by 4 (RISC-V instructions are 32 bits long, which means 4 bytes long) but not always written back to the PC as PC+4, since we can have branches and jumps (and in this case the actual address will come from the EX stage).
The PC, its incrementing logic and the mux responsible for switching between the 2 possible values were implemented as a single component named program counter. You might be asking where’s the incrementing logic after all, but the answer is simple, it’s in the instantiation of this structure inside its higher level component. you can find the following piece of code in datapath.vhd:
program_counter_0 : program_counter port map(reset, clock, ALU_branch_response or jump_flag_ID_EX,
std_logic_vector(unsigned(PC_output) + 4), JTU_output, PC_next_address, PC_output);
The other element in the IF stage is the actual program memory, this implementation has separate program and data memories, this is called harvard architecture and it’s somewhat common in very low power embedded systems (your computer is von-neumann though). Since the main targets were Intel/Altera FPGAs at the time, for lower resource utilisation I decided to instantiate Altera memory blocks (which make sure actual memory is used and not synthesised from logic blocks). This introduces a few problems, the first is that Cyclone FPGAs do not support unregistered memory inputs, and the second is that since RISC-V expects each instruction to be separated by ± 4 address increments, we need to do some tweaking to how we address the memory. The structure responsible for doing it is called Progmem Interface and it instantiates the actual memory as a component.
The amount of boilerplate code just to shift the address 2 steps to the right is surprising and this could’ve been done in several different ways, but this way makes the intent look extremely obvious. A clean alternative here would be performing the shift within the port mapping of progmem, but that would need it to go from 15 downto 2 which might look somewhat confusing. I’m discarding more than half the upper bits because the memory in place isn’t big enough to use them for addressing.
Now, finally, to end this stage all we need is something with some registers between it and the next stage. Note that we could’ve simply inserted those registers before the output signals in each module, but since my aim here was to make the code easily understood I decided to create modules with the sole purpose of splitting stages. Please check the code of IF_ID_DIV.
Notice how I’m avoiding driving the outputs directly from the inputs, there’s always an internal signal in between them which increases the length of the code dramatically. But there’s a good reason for this, if I needed to perform any mathematical operation whatsoever with those signals I would not have to rewrite the modules, and the EDA tools can optimise this for me when I’m just connecting things together.  I plan to rewrite the entire thing in SystemVerilog at some point, and when it happens I’ll make sure to refactor anything that looks weirdly convoluted.
Well, with that said we can go to the next stage. Instruction Decode contains the Controller and the Register File with all 32 internal 32 bits falling edge registers.
The controller is described in a very long piece of VHDL, since it needs to generate control signals for every single instruction. It is split into 2 distinct processes internally because it was adapted from a single-cycle CPU with asynchronous clear and wasn’t refactored to a more streamlined version of itself. But ignoring this detail we can clearly see that the instruction is first decoded and then the proper signals are generated based on the information encoded into the instruction itself (opcode, rd, rs1, rs2, imm, etc).
The register file instantiates 32 falling edge 32 bits registers and sets the first one to always contain 0. The x0 register is defined to always contain 0 and this facilitates the execution of several operations.
Finally, the ID_EX_DIV structure instantiates a bunch of registers to hold the values from this stage so the pipeline can be built.
The Execute stage is a little bit more interesting, and also contains way more elements than the previous one.
EX has 2 arithmetic units, the main ALU and a jump target address calculator called JTU. The stage also has a Forwarding Unit responsible for figuring out when forwarding needs to be done (this action is performed through the comparison of addresses contained in the current instruction in EX and the past 2 that are currently in MEM and WB) and 2 forwarding muxes to actually replace the ALU inputs when forwarding needs to be done. It’s important to note that operations with immediate values also depend on a mux to replace rs2 with imm. The EX stage signals IF that a jump or branch is taken through an OR port that receives both the branch result from the ALU and the Jump control signal (the result is then inputted into the PC Mux and tells it to use what JTU is outputting instead of PC + 4). You might be asking yourself why there are such long internal signals inside the ALU, and that’s because operations with 2 32 bits values might not fit into 32 bits, the output is only 32 bits wide but the internals are not.
EX_MEM_DIV ends the stage with a series of registers.
The Memory Access Stage, contrary to what its name implies, is not only responsible for memory access in this implementation. The stage actually also contains the Flushing Unit responsible for clearing IF_ID_DIV and ID_EX_DIV in the case of branches and jumps, the unit is placed into this stage because clearing the registers during EX would cause EX to clear its own instruction and not the 2 subsequent ones (from the jump/branch).
The following tables depict how branching works. The elements are instruction addresses and lower lines represent future clock cycles.
Branch+4/8/12 are simply instructions that come after the brunch instruction directly (in the following memory addresses). Destination is the instruction the branch points to in the case it's taken. Those tables show that the default behaviour is always assuming the branches are not taken, simply keeping the PC incrementing to PC + 4 as usual. When the branch instruction reaches the EX stage however, it’s condition is actually going to be tested, if the test returns true (the branch should’ve been taken) then the Flushing Unit will clear the instructions currently in ID and EX, replacing them with NOPs. If the condition is returned false by the ALU, nothing needs to be done and we actually guessed correctly! Note that most branches are indeed not taken, think of it with a for loop, a C for repeats the same thing N times before actually having to go out of the loop.
Just like within IF, we also need an interface for the data memory, the only difference now is that the Data Memory Interface is actually necessary since the data memory is not always accessed entirely. RISC-V has load/store instructions with different lengths and you should be able to access any individual byte, not the complete 4 bytes words only. The interface performs several self-explanatory operations to the data based on the inputs it receives. Internally, instead of having a single 32 bits wide memory bank we have 4 distinct 8 bits long sub-banks and we access them individually but in parallel.
 It's actually interesting to see how small it looks now that we've already given the previous elements their respective control signals.
The Write Back stage is very simple and straightforward. Here only a mux is needed to place the correct data to be written to the register file, but we also need an adder since a return address of a jump or branch is one of the possible things getting written back.
It's obvious by now but all those images showing the stages are actually part of a single bigger image. I designed and implemented this RV32I core for my BSEE and it's named Maestro. Please open the image in a different tab for a better view in high resolution.
The resulting circuit can be tested with any program of choice, I personally chose the Fibonacci sequence because it's super simple to implement it directly into machine code. It's highly unliky that nothing can actually be seen before the image is opened at full resolution, so please do it.
The debug outputs were used to create a Fibonacci sequence in the x31 register, but the values are actually calculated inside x1 and x2 through the simple code below:
ADDI x2, x0, 1
ADD x31, x0, x2
ADD x1, x1, x2
ADD x31, x0, x1
ADD x2, x2, x1
ADD x31, x0, x2
JALR x0, x0, 8
Assembly code seems difficult but it's actually really easy to follow when you're doing something simple. The first instruction basically loads the x2 register with 0 + 1. The second moves what's now in x2 (1) into x31. The third starts the sequence with x1 += x2. The fourth simply sends the result to x31 again and this will be done after every single addition. The fifth does the exact same thing as the third but the result is saved in x2 this time (x2 += x1). The sixth send the result to x31 again. The seventh performs a jump to 0 + 8 (the third instruction) and this creates an endless Fibonacci sequence in the x31 register.
An interesting thing to note here is that we're actually seeing data forwarding in action here, x1 and x2 are repeated several times before the results are actually written back to the register file, but there's no problem whatsoever. The Flushing Unit will redirect previous results into the EX stage so the calculations actually have the correct arguments.
If you've reached this far I'd like to say I really appreciate it. Computer architecture and digital electronics are both vast fields, I wouldn't be able to write this introduction without the help of giants who have been studying these topics for decades. I highly recommend getting copies of Computer Organization and Design RISC-V Edition: The Hardware Software Interface by David Patterson and John Hennessy and Digital Design with RTL Design, VHDL, and Verilog by Frank Vahid. They're both excellent textbooks, but since those areas walk together there are also textbooks that cover both things like Digital Design and Computer Architecture by David Harris and Sarah Harris.


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“With temperatures reaching into the lower 40s, it looks like the deep freeze we've had is finally over...”
Those words are like knives to pond hockey players. They signal the end of another winter, and the end of another season on the pond. Ask anyone who has skated outside, and they'll tell you that days spent outside on the pond are some of the warmest memories they have. Friendships (like the one shared by this blog's co-creators) are built and cemented on cold, cloudy days in late December and early January, when ponds begin what many non-pond hockey enthusiasts describe as the long, dark days of winter. Not us, however.
Pond hockey players are a different breed. You can often find us on warm summer days with a distant look in our eyes, silently counting down the days until the cold settles on lakes and ponds and we can truly be free again. You see, there's something eminently unrestrained about skating on ponds. Nothing is constricted or limited. Players aren't constrained by ice time. No Zamboni honks impatiently. No rink manager has to harangue a player for his (or her) five dollar entry fee. The rules are often simple and practical. You shovel, you play. Keep the puck down.  In fact, try to avoid slapshots altogether. The freedom brings out a creativity in kids that leads to a lifelong passion, and brings out in older players a youthful energy that instantly delivers a smile to even the toughest of faces.
The constant flow of smiles and warming beverages (of both the adult and regular varieties) keep players on the frozen expanse long after most would head for warmer settings. Pond hockey enthusiasts know that winter's cold is far too fleeting to waste indoors. It must be savored and preserved inside memories that sustain our souls through long, hot summers spent longing for the freedom of the pond.


Current Performance
42
ELIMINATIONS
22
OBJECTIVE KILLS
8,014
DAMAGE DONE
292
HEALING DONE
7
DEATHS
Career Average
37
ELIMINATIONS
27
OBJECTIVE KILLS
5,130
DAMAGE DONE
215
HEALING DONE
3
DEATHS
Damage done
Healing done
9
Deaths


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--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/resetI.html ---
Is there any reason resetI
wouldn't work in the latest nightly? I have a very short proof with intro ; resetI
in it and I get:
excessive memory consumption detected at 'vm' (potential solution: increase memory consumption threshold)
Ok, I found the problem. I had a local definition of resetI
that just called mathlib
's resetI
but it wasn't fully qualified so it just worked as a recursive function ...
oh thank god... fixing resetI
was giving me nightmares
It doesn't seem to give you much leeway in how you use it, am I wrong?
{% endraw %}Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


--- layout: post title: "Eat To Live" subtitle: "Eating Like A Local in Prague" date: 2020-01-31 background: '/img/posts/01.jpg' ---
Ask not what you can do for your country. Ask what's for lunch. - Orson Welles
Prague is a great place for someone who is passionate about food. Since it’s also a tourist hub you will come across almost all popular international cuisine restaurants in the city center. A great way of enjoying a meal at a good price is the Lunch Menu or Polední Menu or Denní Menu as its known in Czech. It is basically a soup and a main course. The price for this is generally in the range of 180 - 250 Kč. Also almost all places accept Sodexo Passes also known as Stravenky in CZ. Here are some suggestions for places you can head to for lunch in Prague
Situated right in the city centre this restaurant is a great location for lunches. 10 meters from the Tramstop Jindrisska, this mid sized restaurant packs a punch. This place can get quite busy because of its location. It offers Classic Czech Cuisine and the food is good and priced reasonably. In their lunch menu you can expect the famous goulash, svičkova, smaženy syr, the classics...
Not far from U Jindřišské věže on Opletalova you will find this on a crossroad close to Hlavní Nadraži. It's more of a restaurant than a pub. It has two floors for seating. At times they can have their top floor closed for service. They offer Czech Cuisine with a twist. They also brew their own beer which goes by the same name as of the place. I would recommend the jedenáctku along with smažney syr or guláš.
Ok this one is a little expensive one. It has to be. The owner is a celebrity Chef. His name is Zdenek Pohlreich. He has a TV show and he tries to be like Gordon Ramsay. The show can be funny to watch but the food is straight yummy! We would recommend reservations. The lunch menu makes it a bit more affordable. This would be a great place if you like posting photographs of food.
Located in Karlin, which is more a business district and not the city center per se, Sangam serves some of the most authentic and colorful Indian food in Prague. They shine with their lunch menu which changes daily . The staff is quite friendly and helpful and with a calm ambience this place is great for a spicy rejuvenation. Be cautious though, the food can be a bit spicy.
One of the larger and older restaurants this gem is located again right in the city ce ntre. It was a brewery in the old days and now its also a hotel and a restaurant. Classic Czech cuisine will be served here. Its located near Narodni Trida which is on the yellow line. The place is big and has a few entrances. Do not worry, all roads lead to rome in this case.
That's the list for now. We hope you liked it. Please click on the mail icon at the end of the page to share your feedback or visit our contact page to drop us a line.
We look forward to hearing from you !
Photographs by Unsplash.


You will be requested to play the Coloured Trails game. The objective of the game is to gain the highest score possible.
Points may be gained by moving to a target location on the board and rewarded for the amount of coloured chips the player has in
his/her possesion at the end of the round. Coloured trails is a one-round game played on a
square board by two or more players. The board consists of a square grid of cells of varying sizes. Each
square is assigned a solid color from a given palette of colors (e.g., red, blue, green). Two different types of
objects may also be placed on top of squares—these are players and the goal. Squares may contain multiple
players and the goal.
Each player begins with a number of allocated chips of different colours. Chips are designated colors from the same palette as the board. Players can use chips to build a path towards the target square
Chips may only be used to move to a square of the same color as the chip (e.g., a player uses one green chip to move to a green square adjacent to the player’s current position). Players can only move up, down, left or right and not diagonally. Chips may only be used once.
The objective of each player is to gain the highest score possible over a set of 10 games (the score from each game will be added together for the final score). During each game you will have one chance to determine the best course of action which will award you with the highest possible amount of points. Often this is achieved by reaching the target square, however sometimes it is better to do nothing. During the game you may request chips from other players if you need them to reach the target square. A player must relinquish a chip that has been requested from it, if they are not already using that chip to reach a goal. If both you and another player have requested the same chip, you have precedance and will get the chip. During the game you can assume that the other players are necessarily following the best path in terms of maximizing their score.
During each game you can ask all players for as many chips as you want. An interaction with a specific player is considered a single "chip request" regardless of how many chips were requested. The game is constructed as a one-round game. You have 3 minutes per each game to decide if you want to request a chip from other players or not. Once you have decided click "Done" and the next game will begin. If you have not made a decision in 3 minutes, the game will time out and you will not receive any points for that game
The scores may range from -500 to +500. The following factors effect the score :
Consider the game described above. Following the path emphasized by X’s would mean asking Player 1 for 3 white chips and Player 2 for 1 blue chip, reaching the goal and having 5 chips remaining. Your final score would be:
A better course of action under these circumstances would be to do nothing, and not reach the goal at all. Your final score would be:


HTML 5 Video
Your browser does not support the video element.
HTML 5 Audio
Your browser does not support the audio element.
YouTube


Press p to toggle between the two modes. You'd probably want to be in playing mode.
WASD - move player
arrow keys - change velocities
[ and ] - change width (hold shift to change height)
WASD - move
[ and ] - adjust height


Use the Maven archtype:
From the command line, run
mvn -DarchetypeGroupId=org.multiverse -DarchetypeArtifactId=multiverse-project-archetype -DarchetypeVersion=multiverse-version archetype:generate
to create a Maven project setup for Multiverse development. Just import into your favourite
IDE and have a look at the included sample code!
If you are offline and thus aren't able to access the repositories hosting the archetype, you can install the provided JAR locally by executing
mvn install:install-file -DgroupId=org.multiverse -DartifactId=multiverse-project-archetype -Dversion=multiverse-version -Dpackaging=jar -Dfile=archetype/multiverse-project-archetype-multiverse-version.jar
before continuing as above. You can also add the multiverse-alpha-multiverse-version-jar-with-dependencies.jar JAR required by the project to your repository in this way, if you are offline.


{% extends 'root.html' %}
{% block title %}
Email Congress - 500
{% endblock %}
{% block main %}
An internal server error has occurred.
Our development team has been notified and is looking into the problem.
If the error persist then please contact us.
You can return to the homepage here.
{% endblock %}


% EXISTENTIAL POSTULATES
% =================================
0.5::simulation.
% 50% chance that we are living in a simulation.
0.9::aboutIntelligence :- simulation.
% 90% chance that if we're in a simulation,
% the point has something to do with intelligence.
0.9::panspermia.
% There is a 90% chance that our
% abiogenesis did not happen on earth.
0.7::doublePanspermia :- panspermia.
% 70% chance that if the abiogenesis was exogenous,
% so was the capture of mitochondria.
0.7:: gfMitochondria :- \+ doublePanspermia.
% 70% chance the great filter is mitochondria
% IF the mitochondrial symbiosis evolved here.
% darkforest, zoo, etc
0.8::lifeEvidence2035 :- panspermia.
% 80% chance we'll find convincing (to me)
% evidence of the influence of organic
% processes on extraterrestrial atmospheres
% with the James Webb telescope
% if even non-mitochondrial panspermia is
% true.
0.8::deliberateSilence :- doublePanspermia.
% 80% chance that the Great Silence is
% intentional if mitochondrial life came
% from afield (and therefore exists elsewhere
% and spreads). This is because there have been
% multiple evolutionary paths on earth to complex
% brains, and I assume that where there is mitochondria
% intelligence develops after sufficient time.
1/15:: gfDarkForest; 14/15:: elderRace :- deliberateSilence.
% There's a small chance that the Dark Forest
% scenario is the reason, if the silence is deliberate.
% I give it a low chance because I'd think if
% exterminations were common, someone would have already
% gotten us, since we've been casting biosignatures
% for billions of years.
% The alternative, to me, is that a race with a million
% -year lead on the others got the upper hand and effected
% the evolution and norms of all followers.
observed :- elderRace.
% We have been observed if there is an elder race.
gfSomethingElse :- \+ gfDarkForest, \+ elderRace, \+gfMitochondria.
% if the apparent great filter isn't these things, it's something else.
% AI PREDICTIONS
% ================================
0.51::turingBy2029.
% The Turing Test will be passed by 2029
% COVID THOUGHTS
% =================================
0.10::greaterDepression.
% 10% chance of a greater depression.
0.15::massViolence.
% 15% chance (metaculus number) of rioting, etc
% FRIENDS
%==================================
0.20::kenRaileeBreakUpBy2021.
% We break up this year (5.10.20)
0.45::chandlerToYantisBySept.
% Chandler actually follows through with a lifeplan.
% Highest chance ever. (5.10.20)
0.70::scarletLeaves02 :- chandlerToYantisBySept.
% If they do this, it won't end well. (5.10.20)
% She ditches by next February.
% ME
% =================================
0.2::shirtSuccess.
% my enterprise goes well
0.45::ntiBack.
% NTI takes me back
0.30::goodNTI :- ntiBack.
% they pay enough
0.10::financialDeusEx :- \+goodNTI.
% something else randomly avails
surviveHere :- shirtSuccess; goodNTI; financialDeusEx.
% I stay here.
kenChandlerHere :- surviveHere, chandlerToYantisBySept.
query(elderRace).
query(gfDarkForest).
query(gfMitochondria).
query(gfSomethingElse).
query(scarletLeaves02).
query(surviveHere).
query(kenChandlerHere).


Huge Files
It doesn't matter how big they are we can store them*
*files cannot be larger than 1 byte
Low Daily Cost
You pay us $1 dollar a day*, You get HamsterFiles+
*after first payment rate becomes $1 per second
Fast Speeds
Up to 1tb per Second with Uberspeed™*®© the next innovation
*Uberspeed doesn't exist max download speed is 0.5bits per hour
Cancel Any Time
Cancellable Whenever you want*
*Nah you can't cancel it


Force Bootstrap's grid to display as if on another device. Load .force-bootstrap.css
into your document, and layout your columns as you normally would. Then add .force-* to an ancestor of the grid classes, and the CSS will do the rest.
Just add .force-xs
(or sm, md, or lg) to an ancestor div of the column classes, and the CSS does the rest.

.col-lg-8

.col-lg-4

.col-md-6

.col-sm-2

.col-xs-6

.col-xs-4

.col-xs-2

highlight
shows active class
.col-xs-10
.col-xs-2
.col-xs-6
.col-xs-6
.col-xs-8
.col-xs-4
.col-xs-10
.col-xs-10
.col-md-6 .col-sm-8 The content in all three of these modals, including the col-classes, is identical. I've put the force-* class on the modal-body, but you can put it on any ancestor of the col-classes.
Launch normal modal
Launch modal with .force-sm
Launch modal with .force-xs

.col-lg-4 .col-sm-6 .col-xs-7

col-lg-4 .col-sm-6 .col-xs-5

.col-lg-4 .col-sm-6

Offsets: It picks up the width from your declared device, but not the offset itself, so they end up all over the place
Pushes: Same probem as offsets
Any of the .hidden-* classes: Pretty straight-forward, so I should do this in an upcoming release


Welcome to my landing page! I hope you enjoy learning about my professional abilities and the things that make me, me. Enjoy!
 -Rob Siltanen
I had an amazing career in the U.S. Marines for 22+ years. My travels include the Asia, Europe, the Middle East, and Australia. I specialized in cross-functional Special Operations Intelligence and formal instruction.
I currently serve as the Data Science lead within the Department of Defense as an employee of Occam Solutions, Inc. As a member of a 4-person Data Science Team, we are responsible for establishing Data Science initiatives at Marine Special Operations.
I am acitve in several 501(c)(3)s including No One Left Behind, the Marine Raider Association, the Wounded Warrior Project and Operation Healing Forces. I am driven to keep my fellow veterans informed, healthy, and connected.


For example, the inspection will be triggered if you set the line separator to \n
in
Settings | Editor | Code Style | Line separator,
while the file you are editing uses \r\n
as a line separator.
The inspection also warns you about mixed line separators within a file.


{% load i18n static %}
A Google Drive source lets you pull files from your Google Drive into your project so that you can convert files to other formats (e.g. a Word document), use them in compute sessions (e.g. CSV files) or publish in a snapshot.
{% if access_token %} {% include "./_create_common_fields.html" %} {% endif %}


|
JavaTM 2 Platform Standard Ed. 5.0 |
|||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object java.io.ObjectStreamField
public class ObjectStreamField
A description of a Serializable field from a Serializable class. An array of ObjectStreamFields is used to declare the Serializable fields of a class.
ObjectStreamClass
| Constructor Summary | |
|---|---|
ObjectStreamField(String name,
Class<?> type)
Create a Serializable field with the specified type. |
|
ObjectStreamField(String name,
Class<?> type,
boolean unshared)
Creates an ObjectStreamField representing a serializable field with the given name and type. |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
int |
compareTo(Object obj)
Compare this field with another ObjectStreamField . |
String |
getName()
Get the name of this field. |
int |
getOffset()
Offset of field within instance data. |
Class<?> |
getType()
Get the type of the field. |
char |
getTypeCode()
Returns character encoding of field type. |
String |
getTypeString()
Return the JVM type signature. |
boolean |
isPrimitive()
Return true if this field has a primitive type. |
boolean |
isUnshared()
Returns boolean value indicating whether or not the serializable field represented by this ObjectStreamField instance is unshared. |
protected void |
setOffset(int offset)
Offset within instance data. |
String |
toString()
Return a string that describes this field. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, wait, wait, wait |
| Constructor Detail |
|---|
public ObjectStreamField(String name, Class<?> type)
serialField
tag.
name
- the name of the serializable fieldtype
- the Class
object of the serializable fieldpublic ObjectStreamField(String name, Class<?> type, boolean unshared)
name
- field nametype
- field typeunshared
- if false, write/read field values in the same manner
as writeObject/readObject; if true, write/read in the same
manner as writeUnshared/readUnshared| Method Detail |
|---|
public String getName()
String
representing the name of the serializable
fieldpublic Class<?> getType()
ObjectStreamField
was obtained from a deserialized ObjectStreamClass
instance, then Object.class
is returned.
Otherwise, the Class
object for the type of the field is
returned.
Class
object representing the type of the
serializable fieldpublic char getTypeCode()
B byte C char D double F float I int J long L class or interface S short Z boolean [ array
public String getTypeString()
public int getOffset()
setOffset(int)
protected void setOffset(int offset)
offset
- the offset of the fieldgetOffset()
public boolean isPrimitive()
public boolean isUnshared()
public int compareTo(Object obj)
ObjectStreamField
. Return
-1 if this is smaller, 0 if equal, 1 if greater. Types that are
primitives are "smaller" than object types. If equal, the field names
are compared.
compareTo
in interface Comparable<Object>
obj
- the Object to be compared.
public String toString()
toString
in class Object
|
JavaTM 2 Platform Standard Ed. 5.0 |
|||||||||
| PREV CLASS NEXT CLASS | FRAMES NO FRAMES | |||||||||
| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
Copyright © 2004, 2010 Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved. Use is subject to license terms. Also see the documentation redistribution policy.


Basic simple-picker demo
simple-picker as a Color-Picker
simple-picker as an Icon-Picker
Pick an Icon:
simple-picker with Displayed as Block with Icons and Text
other simple-picker types


enum class ActionType
A set of types for Notification's Action's PendingIntent
Author
Davide Giuseppe Farella
ACTIVITIES |
The Action will start more that one |
ACTIVITY |
The Action will start a single |
BROADCAST_RECEIVER |
The Action will trigger a |
FOREGROUND_SERVICE |
The Action will start a |
SERVICE |
The Action will start a |


--- layout: slides-960 title: "KubeCon NA 2016: Growing a Community Leveraging Meetups to Educate, Grow and Facilitate" ---
Lee Calcote
Nov. 9th, 2016
clouds, containers, infrastructure, applications
and their management
Who frequents meetups as a participant?
Who is looking to organize a community?
How many are community organizers already?
(e.g. company-specific User Groups)
(or where you're having trouble)
clouds, containers, infrastructure, applications
and their management


protein using PgHSC {border-style energy heat px;} #ffffff;} docking model structure binding residues amino hydrogen molecular sequence interaction Figure predicted template :LYS:HZ LibDock acid acid:O atom stress used :ASP:OD HSC Plant proteins score structures algorithm analysis best phytohormones plants px; {font-family Abscisic Brassinolide Brassinolide:H HSP acids font-size generated modelling receptor structural target Table acid:H bond double; gradient homology hours interacting interactions ligand number phytohormone query selected shown site study total Bioinformation Jasmonic Mol Molecular Pennisetum ProSA RMSD Salicylic abiotic border-color border-width brassinolide calculated distance indicates modelled oxygen program scores solid; studies tolerance. value {font-style {font-weight BLAST Gibberellic IAA:O PDF PgHSC. SOPMA active alignment analysis, bold bonds charged conformations courier; criteria default em; functions glaucum helix index known mode positively protein. protocol pt;} quality refinement regions responses sequences similarity structures.


--- layout: post title: "Help, My Cat is Crazy!" subtitle: "Why cats are weird!" date: 2021-02-27 23:45:13 -0400 author: "James Jamison" background: '/img/posts/03.jpg' ---
This is going to be the first community driven post. Share your crazy cat stories in the comments!!
I'll start. I once rescued a stray kitten. It took him forever to warm up to me. Once he did he would never leave my side, including when I went to bed.


- fmm :
foehnix.Foehnix
A foehnix mixture model object
- start : str or Datetime timestamp
First day to plot. Will be converted to a timestamp, if possible.
Must be within the daterange of fmm.data.
- end : str or Datetime timestamp
Last day to fully plot. Will be converted to a timestamp, if possible.
Must be within the daterange of fmm.data.
- ndays : int
Number of days which one plot shows. Default 10.
- tscontrol :
foehnix.analysis_plots.TSControl
object
Can be predefined before calling this function or else will be
initialized if None (default).
- showplot : bool
If True (default) plots will be shown. If False, they can be shown by
the user with plt.show() at a later stage.
- show_n_plots : int
How many figures will be opened, default is 1. After closing all, the
next ones will be opened.
- saveplot : bool
If False (default) plots will not be saved to disc
If True, all plots will be saved to savedir
which must be provided
as well.
- savedir : str
Path to a directory where the plots are saved to. Mandatory if
saveplots=True
.
- savefilename : str
Filename of the saved plot. Will be extended by a running number if
multiple plots are saved. Can be used to specify the file format:
e.g. use “foehnix_timeseries.pdf” to save the plots as PDF.
- userdict : dict
alternative plotting parameters (variable names, colors, labels) which
will be passed to TSControl. See
foehnix.analysis_plots.TSControl
for more details.
If a suitable tscontrol
argument is provided this dict will be
ignored.
- kwargs
will be passed to TSControl and can be used to rename the variable
names of the fmm.data
DataFrame. See
foehnix.analysis_plots.TSControl
for more details.
If a suitable tscontrol
argument is provided these argumetns will
be ignored.


Known as an industry leader in ranching and equine breeding, the King Ranch has also become synonymous with the high-end merchandise and fine leather goods sold at its famous Saddle Shop in historic downtown Kingsville. Blending classic Texas style with the tradition of the Old West, the King Ranch Saddle Shop offers a distinct aesthetic, along with an epic, storied history nearly as legendary as the Lone Star State.
Despite its clear popularity and having amassed a number of followers on social media, the Saddle Shop’s online presence left much to be desired. After calling the HRMG team in May 2015 for help with their content marketing efforts, our goals for the Saddle Shop included giving them a distinctive brand voice and personality, creating custom, high-quality graphics, ads, photography, and boosting engagement while bolstering brand advocacy by connecting with their audience on a more personal level.
After taking over four of their social media platforms, including Facebook, Pinterest, Instagram, Twitter and LinkedIn, our first job was to begin interacting with followers and repair the damage done concerning engagement. Using algorithms that tout relevancy and engagement, the Saddle Shop’s previous efforts included simply posting product photos, which lacked engagement and in turn hid the page from many users. Using strategies that included historical photos, product previews, behind the scenes images and “Q&A” posts to help spark a dialogue with users. To date, HRMG has helped the Saddle Shop increase its Facebook audience by nearly 6,500 followers and its Instagram following by 2,000 followers in one year.
In addition to social media, our team was also instrumental in giving the Saddle Shop a convenient and easy to use new e-commerce website on NetSuite that is SEO-friendly and fully responsive on all devices. Working on a grueling turnaround schedule, our technical team had to quickly learn how to build the site for the NetSuite platform, while also working with companies such as MyBuys and Magnetic to implement third-party solutions. The website also helped lay the foundation for targeted email marketing campaigns via weekly emails to approximately 60,000 subscribers.
Our graphic design team was also instrumental in establishing a more refined visual aesthetic for the Saddle Shop throughout the year with custom advertisements for social media and in publications such as Ranch & Riata Magazine as well as Texas Monthly. The design team also worked extensively on several direct mail campaigns in the form of postcards for the Saddle Shop’s holiday pop up location in The Woodlands Mall, as well as promoting the Shop’s corporate gifts program.
As social media and content marketing call for an abundance of interesting content, our creative team also spent a large amount of time utilizing our photography and media services capturing professional photos, merchandise, and a complete video production highlighting some of the Saddle Shop’s master craftsmen who have used leather and saddle making skills that have been passed down for over 160 years.


\
With more than 7000+ trucks on board, HK Transport is one of the largest transport service provider in India. We offer full truck load transportation services from Mumbai, Pune & Ratnagiri to all over India. Currently serving about 500+ cities & 980+ lanes, our network is highly optimised helping both fleet owners & shippers enjoy greater benefits. We have our headquarters in Ratnagiri & we also operate from Mumbai, Pune & all metro cities of Maharashtra. We provide all types of vehicles like Trailers, Containers, Tauras, LCV etc. to anywhere across India. We also focus on the transportation of Over Dimensional & Heavy Consignments (ODC, Oversize Cargo). HK Transport was born out of deep experience & understanding of the logistics sector, by committed & passionate professionals with diverse experience. We focus on delivering quality service by facilitating goods, cargo & parcel movement for every load capacity at a competitive price. Our main motto is Client Satisfaction becuase we know that "Our Growth is in Your Growth" So, as a service provider we are committed to the success of our clients. We are fully dedicated to all the projects & assignments we take on.
To be known as the best transport service provider of India & create the safest & low-cost services possible for our clients.
Our mission is to get connected with each & every manufacturing company of India & provide them the best transportation service available.
info@hktransport.in


This is app allows you to chat with your friends, and get stock prices with a /stock= command
/stock=
Made with Golang, RabbitMQ, Vue.js and ♥
Join or create a room to chat with friend


The reason JavaScript is dominant is it served users needing a scripting language on different browsers early on. It is a language that enables simple features such as clicking buttons, but powerful and can build complex data structures. Despite being built by Netscape, JavaScript worked on more than just the Netscape browser, it worked on I/E, AOL and others. Some competing languages only worked on 1 browser (particularly I/E ones), and this caused them to fall from popularity. By the mid 2000's javascript was huge because a lot of websites already used it, so browsers needed to be backwards compatable for these sites. Flash fell off because it required too many updates to its proprietary software and Apple stopped supporting it. Javascript has become ubiqutous on websites.


Create a new object which stores user-specified survival distribution
information in the format needed for the main function, RMSTpow
. survdef
is used when the user wishes to specify a piecewise expoenential survival
distribution. Either the hazard on fixed intervals or survival probabilities
at fixed times can be specified.
survdef(haz = NA, surv = NA, times = NA)
| haz | a vector of hazards of length<=10. If a single hazard is
specified, the survival distribution is exponential with the specified
hazard. If |
|---|---|
| surv | a vector of survival probabilities of length<=10 corresponding to
|
| times | a vector of the same length as surv (if surv is specified) or one element shorter than haz (if haz is specified). No times term is required if a single hazard is specified in haz. |
a list with components:
a vectorized function that takes time as input and returns the survival probability at that time
a vectorized function that takes time as input and returns the hazard at that time
#> $S #> function (t) #> sapply(t, function(z) { #> width <- diff(c(0, times[times < z], z)) #> H <- sum(width * h(c(0, times[times < z]))) #> return(exp(-H)) #> }) #> <bytecode: 0x7fb666e41618> #> <environment: 0x7fb660a30720> #> #> $h #> function (x) #> { #> sapply(x, function(t) { #> if (0 <= t & t < times10[1]) #> myh[1] #> else if (times10[1] <= t & t < times10[2]) #> myh[2] #> else if (times10[2] <= t & t < times10[3]) #> myh[3] #> else if (times10[3] <= t & t < times10[4]) #> myh[4] #> else if (times10[4] <= t & t < times10[5]) #> myh[5] #> else if (times10[5] <= t & t < times10[6]) #> myh[6] #> else if (times10[6] <= t & t < times10[7]) #> myh[7] #> else if (times10[7] <= t & t < times10[8]) #> myh[8] #> else if (times10[8] <= t & t < times10[9]) #> myh[9] #> else if (times10[9] <= t) #> myh[10] #> }) #> } #> <bytecode: 0x7fb664eb3230> #> <environment: 0x7fb660a30720> #>


Hi, I'm James. I am working as a Technical Project Manager at Optum on some amazing projects. I am currently based in Washongton, DC. I am a novice developer and love learning new technologies.
I have a diverse background in project management ranging from non-profit event management to multi-million dollar IT infrastructure projects. In my spare time, I love watching and playiong football (soccer).
Learn more about me here.


{% extends "basic.html" %} {% block main %}
EntrezAJAX provides an interface which returns JSON data from the NCBI Entrez service which can be accessed by a web browser directly. The interface can circumvent web browsers' same origin policies by supporting JSONP. A manuscript describing the service has been published in Source Code for Biology and Medicine. You can also read the initial announcement.
The possibilities are unlimited, but to whet your appetite:
If you are developing a website that needs access to NCBI Entrez via AJAX then please register for an API key and then read the API documentation. There is also a FAQ.
If you are interested in deploying a similar service or are just curious how it works, please read the implementation details.
21st June 2010
r1 (initial release)
If you use EntrezAJAX in your work I would be very grateful if you cite the following manuscript:
Loman, N. and M. Pallen (2010). EntrezAJAX: direct web browser access to the Entrez Programming Utilities. Source Code for Biology and Medicine 5(1): 6.
Contact Nick Loman for more information.
{% endblock %}


| Name: mr.Jitendra | Reg No: 5-10smmhc18 |
|---|---|
| Age / Sex:29/male | Contact No:8904724829 |
| Marital Status:ml- 1 year | Date:6/10/18 |
| Occupation:technical writer. Aircraft maintenance eng. | Dr. pjfp |
Address: native of Gorakhpur up. In blore since 2011. |
DIAGNOSIS- |
Dandruff. Itchy scalp since 2014.travelled to uk for a year and got this issue ther. Use to take hot water headbath regularly. Very cold climate there.
Habit of biting nails.
Rx:
Thuja 1m – weekly doses.
Nat sulph 30 – disc 3-0-3 b/food.
Nm 12 x 4-0-4
Staphy Q+ thuja Q – 20 ml – 100 ml of extravirgin olive oil.
Rubrum – 30 – nt 1 dose .
Apply menthe pack – weekly once
Oil hair well alternate days leave overnight and wash off in the mornig with mild shampoo.
Eat dry fruits and honey regularly.
27/10/18:
Thuja 200 – weekly doses. 4
Nat sulph 200 – disc 3-0-3 b/food. Just add 5 drops to whole bottle.
Nm 12 x 4-0-4
Kali sulph6x 4-0-4.
Rubrum – 30 – nt 1 dose .


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NZD/USD: a move above 0.6465 loses consensus – UOB
by Pablo PiovanoIn view of FX Strategists at UOB Group, a move to the 0.6465 level in NZD/USD seems to have lost momentum as of late.
Key Quotes
24-hour view: “Our expectation for NZD to “advance further” was incorrect as it traded sideways within a 0.6405/0.6436 range. Further sideway trading is expected for today even though the slightly weakened underlying tone suggests NZD is likely to trade at a lower range of 0.6395/0.6430”.
Next 1-3 weeks: “Despite the strong gain of +0.51% yesterday (0.6431), the outlook for NZD has not changed much. We continue to hold the same view from last Friday (15 Nov, spot 0.6380) wherein NZD is “expected to trade sideways between 0.6350 and 0.6465 for a while more”. In other words, the risk for a sustained raise above 0.6465 is not high”.


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proofs of derivative lower bound for domain
proofs of derivative upper bound for domain
proofs of derivative bound for domain
proofs using midpoint and MVT of positivity.
proofs using end-point.
proofs using end-point. derivative bound and MVT of positivity.
attempt to prove positivity recursively.


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--- layout: archive title: Zulip Chat Archive permalink: /stream/113488-general/topic/Creating.20my.20own.20pp.2Eall.20.3D.20true.20string.html ---
Inside a tactic I want to generate a string of an expression with the same format as when the option pp.all is set to true. How do I do that?
run_cmd do let e := `(∀ n : ℕ, n = n), tactic.set_options (options.mk.set_bool `pp.all tt), tactic.pp e >>= tactic.trace -- ∀ (n : nat), @eq.{1} nat n n
Last updated: Apr 24 2020 at 19:02 UTC


Real numbers, Real numbers
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Real numbers, Real numbers | both can't be 0 at the same time | not negative ^ non-integer
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Real numbers, Real numbers


You may import character data from an exported OggDude XML file.
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| SUMMARY: NESTED | FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD | DETAIL: FIELD | CONSTR | METHOD |
java.lang.Object com.p6spy.engine.outage.P6OutageDetector
public class P6OutageDetector
This class is a singleton. Since P6Spy is normally loaded by the system classpath, it is a normally a singleton across the JVM. The instance will determine if a statement has been long running and log the statement when such a statment is found. It accomplishes this by spawning a daemon thread which will wake up at configurable intervals of time (defined in seconds) and check if a statement is still executing since the last time the thread was awake. This is accomplished by this instance maintaining a list of active statements. The P6Statement and P6PreparedStatement objects will reqister their call with the instance just before the SQL call is delegated to the real driver. Once that statement finishes executing, the statement object will unregister that call from list. If during that time the thread in this instance sees the execute time exceed the threshold, it is flagged as a long-running statement and logged. The statement will continue to be logged if it appears in future iterations of the sleep/wake cycle. This class is implemented with lazy thread sychronization. The list of pending statements is a synchronized container, the rest is left open to thread hazards to reduce the performance impact. So the logging results might be slightly unreliable, but we aren't dealing with bank accounts here so thats okay.
| Constructor Summary | |
|---|---|
protected |
P6OutageDetector()
Creates new P6OutageDetector |
| Method Summary | |
|---|---|
static P6OutageDetector |
getInstance()
Gets the instance of the detector. |
void |
registerInvocation(java.lang.Object jdbcObject,
long startTime,
java.lang.String category,
java.lang.String ps,
java.lang.String sql)
Registers the execution of a statement. |
void |
run()
Method for running the auxillary thread. |
void |
shutdown()
Tells the auxillary thread to stop executing. |
void |
unregisterInvocation(java.lang.Object jdbcObject)
Unregisters the execution of a statement. |
| Methods inherited from class java.lang.Object |
|---|
clone, equals, finalize, getClass, hashCode, notify, notifyAll, toString, wait, wait, wait |
| Constructor Detail |
|---|
protected P6OutageDetector()
| Method Detail |
|---|
public static P6OutageDetector getInstance()
public void run()
run
in interface java.lang.Runnable
public void shutdown()
public void registerInvocation(java.lang.Object jdbcObject, long startTime, java.lang.String category, java.lang.String ps, java.lang.String sql)
public void unregisterInvocation(java.lang.Object jdbcObject)
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Zelensky to discuss Donbas de-occupation timing at Normandy Four summit
The Ukrainian side is thoroughly preparing for the meeting.
Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelensky has said he would raise the issue of the Donbas de-occupation timing at the Normandy Four summit, which is scheduled for December 9.
"I would like to see real results. Every day we can talk a lot about ending the war in Donbas and retaking our territories, but we cannot just talk about it, we must negotiate the return of our territories. I'm talking about at least some certain dates. I want to talk about the return, the end of Donbas occupation with some more or less clear dates. We will talk about this, I will raise this issue," he said at a press conference with Czech Prime Minister Andrej Babiš in Kyiv, according to an UNIAN correspondent.
Very serious preparations for this meeting are underway, Zelensky said.
"The Normandy summit after this format has been blocked since 2016 is already a success. As for the outcome of the Normandy format, we must understand that we must solve the issue of the Donbas war only diplomatically. This path begins with negotiations, i.e. the Normandy format is, first of all, negotiations at the highest level and therefore we are waiting for this meeting," he added.


#include "legato.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
Macros | |
| #define | LE_GNSS_MAX_SUPL_SERVER_URL_LEN 256 |
| #define | LE_GNSS_MAX_SUPL_CERTIFICATE_LEN 2000 |
| #define | LE_GNSS_MAX_SV_INFO_NUMBER 80 |
Typedefs | |
| typedef struct le_gnss_Sample * | le_gnss_SampleRef_t |
| typedef struct le_gnss_PositionHandler * | le_gnss_PositionHandlerRef_t |
| typedef void(* | le_gnss_PositionHandlerFunc_t) (le_gnss_SampleRef_t positionSampleRef, void *contextPtr) |
Legato GNSS include file.
Copyright (C) Sierra Wireless Inc. Use of this work is subject to license.
| #define LE_GNSS_MAX_SUPL_CERTIFICATE_LEN 2000 |
Maximum SUPL certificate size.
| #define LE_GNSS_MAX_SUPL_SERVER_URL_LEN 256 |
Maximum length of the SUP Server URL string.
| #define LE_GNSS_MAX_SV_INFO_NUMBER 80 |
Define the maximum length of the Satellites Vehicle information list
| typedef void(* le_gnss_PositionHandlerFunc_t) (le_gnss_SampleRef_t positionSampleRef, void *contextPtr) |
Handler for position information.
| positionSampleRef | Position's sample reference |
| contextPtr |
| typedef struct le_gnss_PositionHandler* le_gnss_PositionHandlerRef_t |
Reference type used by Add/Remove functions for EVENT 'le_gnss_Position'
| typedef struct le_gnss_Sample* le_gnss_SampleRef_t |
Reference type for dealing with GNSS position samples.
| enum le_gnss_FixState_t |
| le_gnss_PositionHandlerRef_t le_gnss_AddPositionHandler | ( | le_gnss_PositionHandlerFunc_t | handlerPtr, |
| void * | contextPtr | ||
| ) |
Add handler function for EVENT 'le_gnss_Position'
This event provides information on position.
| [in] | handlerPtr | |
| [in] | contextPtr |
| void le_gnss_ConnectService | ( | void | ) |
Connect the current client thread to the service providing this API.
This function must be called before any other functions in this API. Normally, it's automatically called for the main thread, but must be explicitly called for other threads. For details, see Client-specific Functions.
This function is created automatically.
| le_result_t le_gnss_DeleteSuplCertificate | ( | uint8_t | suplCertificateId | ) |
This function deletes the SUPL certificate.
| [in] | suplCertificateId | Certificate ID of the SUPL certificate. Certificate ID range is 0 to 9 |
| le_result_t le_gnss_Disable | ( | void | ) |
This function disables the GNSS device.
| le_result_t le_gnss_DisableExtendedEphemerisFile | ( | void | ) |
This function disables the use of the 'Extended Ephemeris' file into the GNSS device.
| void le_gnss_DisconnectService | ( | void | ) |
Disconnect the current client thread from the service providing this API.
Normally, this function doesn't need to be called. After this function is called, there's no longer a connection to the service, and the functions in this API can't be used. For details, see Client-specific Functions.
This function is created automatically.
| le_result_t le_gnss_Enable | ( | void | ) |
This function enables the GNSS device.
| le_result_t le_gnss_EnableExtendedEphemerisFile | ( | void | ) |
This function enables the use of the 'Extended Ephemeris' file into the GNSS device.
| le_result_t le_gnss_ForceColdRestart | ( | void | ) |
This function performs a "COLD" restart of the GNSS device.
| le_result_t le_gnss_ForceFactoryRestart | ( | void | ) |
This function performs a "FACTORY" restart of the GNSS device.
| le_result_t le_gnss_ForceHotRestart | ( | void | ) |
This function performs a "HOT" restart of the GNSS device.
| le_result_t le_gnss_ForceWarmRestart | ( | void | ) |
This function performs a "WARM" restart of the GNSS device.
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetAcquisitionRate | ( | uint32_t * | ratePtr | ) |
This function gets the GNSS device acquisition rate.
| [out] | ratePtr | Acquisition rate in milliseconds. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetAltitude | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| int32_t * | altitudePtr, | ||
| int32_t * | vAccuracyPtr | ||
| ) |
Get the position sample's altitude.
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | altitudePtr | Altitude in metres, above Mean Sea Level [resolution 1e-3]. |
| [out] | vAccuracyPtr | Vertical position's accuracy in metres [resolution 1e-1]. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetConstellation | ( | le_gnss_ConstellationBitMask_t * | constellationMaskPtr | ) |
Get the GNSS constellation bit mask
| [out] | constellationMaskPtr | GNSS constellation used in solution. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetDate | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| uint16_t * | yearPtr, | ||
| uint16_t * | monthPtr, | ||
| uint16_t * | dayPtr | ||
| ) |
Get the position sample's date.
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | yearPtr | UTC Year A.D. [e.g. 2014]. |
| [out] | monthPtr | UTC Month into the year [range 1...12]. |
| [out] | dayPtr | UTC Days into the month [range 1...31]. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetDirection | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| int32_t * | directionPtr, | ||
| int32_t * | directionAccuracyPtr | ||
| ) |
Get the position sample's direction. Direction of movement is the direction that the vehicle/person is actually moving.
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | directionPtr | Direction in degrees [resolution 1e-1]. (where 0 is True North) |
| [out] | directionAccuracyPtr | Direction's accuracy estimate in degrees [resolution 1e-1]. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetDop | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| uint16_t * | hdopPtr, | ||
| uint16_t * | vdopPtr, | ||
| uint16_t * | pdopPtr | ||
| ) |
Get the DOP parameters (Dilution Of Precision) for the fixed position.
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | hdopPtr | Horizontal Dilution of Precision [resolution 1e-3]. |
| [out] | vdopPtr | Vertical Dilution of Precision [resolution 1e-3]. |
| [out] | pdopPtr | Position Dilution of Precision [resolution 1e-3]. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetExtendedEphemerisValidity | ( | le_clk_Time_t * | startTimePtr, |
| le_clk_Time_t * | stopTimePtr | ||
| ) |
This function must be called to get the validity of the last injected Extended Ephemeris.
| [out] | startTimePtr | Start time |
| [out] | stopTimePtr | Stop time |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetHorizontalSpeed | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| uint32_t * | hspeedPtr, | ||
| uint32_t * | hspeedAccuracyPtr | ||
| ) |
Get the position sample's horizontal speed.
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | hspeedPtr | Horizontal speed in meters/second [resolution 1e-2]. |
| [out] | hspeedAccuracyPtr | Horizontal speed's accuracy estimate in meters/second [resolution 1e-1]. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetLocation | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| int32_t * | latitudePtr, | ||
| int32_t * | longitudePtr, | ||
| int32_t * | hAccuracyPtr | ||
| ) |
Get the location's data (Latitude, Longitude, Horizontal accuracy).
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | latitudePtr | WGS84 Latitude in degrees, positive North [resolution 1e-6]. |
| [out] | longitudePtr | WGS84 Longitude in degrees, positive East [resolution 1e-6]. |
| [out] | hAccuracyPtr | Horizontal position's accuracy in metres [resolution 1e-2]. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetPositionState | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| le_gnss_FixState_t * | statePtr | ||
| ) |
This function gets the position sample's fix state
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | statePtr | Position fix state. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetSuplAssistedMode | ( | le_gnss_AssistedMode_t * | assistedModePtr | ) |
This function gets the SUPL Assisted-GNSS mode.
| [out] | assistedModePtr | Assisted-GNSS mode. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetTime | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| uint16_t * | hoursPtr, | ||
| uint16_t * | minutesPtr, | ||
| uint16_t * | secondsPtr, | ||
| uint16_t * | millisecondsPtr | ||
| ) |
Get the position sample's time.
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | hoursPtr | UTC Hours into the day [range 0..23]. |
| [out] | minutesPtr | UTC Minutes into the hour [range 0..59]. |
| [out] | secondsPtr | UTC Seconds into the minute [range 0..59]. |
| [out] | millisecondsPtr | UTC Milliseconds into the second [range 0..999]. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetTtff | ( | uint32_t * | ttffPtr | ) |
Get the TTFF in milliseconds
| [out] | ttffPtr | TTFF in milliseconds |
| le_result_t le_gnss_GetVerticalSpeed | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef, |
| int32_t * | vspeedPtr, | ||
| int32_t * | vspeedAccuracyPtr | ||
| ) |
Get the position sample's vertical speed.
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| [out] | vspeedPtr | Vertical speed in meters/second [resolution 1e-2]. |
| [out] | vspeedAccuracyPtr | Vertical speed's accuracy estimate in meters/second [resolution 1e-1]. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_InjectSuplCertificate | ( | uint8_t | suplCertificateId, |
| uint16_t | suplCertificateLen, | ||
| const char * | suplCertificate | ||
| ) |
This function injects the SUPL certificate to be used in A-GNSS sessions.
| [in] | suplCertificateId | Certificate ID of the SUPL certificate. Certificate ID range is 0 to 9 |
| [in] | suplCertificateLen | SUPL certificate size in Bytes. |
| [in] | suplCertificate | SUPL certificate contents. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_LoadExtendedEphemerisFile | ( | int | fd | ) |
This function must be called to load an 'Extended Ephemeris' file into the GNSS device.
| [in] | fd | Extended ephemeris file descriptor |
| void le_gnss_ReleaseSampleRef | ( | le_gnss_SampleRef_t | positionSampleRef | ) |
This function must be called to release the position sample.
| [in] | positionSampleRef | Position sample's reference. |
| void le_gnss_RemovePositionHandler | ( | le_gnss_PositionHandlerRef_t | addHandlerRef | ) |
Remove handler function for EVENT 'le_gnss_Position'
| [in] | addHandlerRef |
| le_result_t le_gnss_SetAcquisitionRate | ( | uint32_t | rate | ) |
This function sets the GNSS device acquisition rate.
| [in] | rate | Acquisition rate in milliseconds. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_SetConstellation | ( | le_gnss_ConstellationBitMask_t | constellationMask | ) |
Set the GNSS constellation bit mask
| [in] | constellationMask | GNSS constellation used in solution. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_SetSuplAssistedMode | ( | le_gnss_AssistedMode_t | assistedMode | ) |
This function sets the SUPL Assisted-GNSS mode.
| [in] | assistedMode | Assisted-GNSS mode. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_SetSuplServerUrl | ( | const char * | suplServerUrl | ) |
This function sets the SUPL server URL. That server URL is a NULL-terminated string with a maximum string length (including NULL terminator) equal to 256. Optionally the port number is specified after a colon.
| [in] | suplServerUrl | SUPL server URL. |
| le_result_t le_gnss_Start | ( | void | ) |
This function starts the GNSS device.
| le_result_t le_gnss_Stop | ( | void | ) |
This function stops the GNSS device.


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University cites health provider concerns for plan changes
by The Associated PressREXBURG, Idaho (AP) — An Idaho university has stopped accepting Medicaid as health insurance coverage for full-time students amid concerns they said they received from local health care providers.
Post Register reported Thursday that Brigham Young University-Idaho officials say students must buy a university-backed health plan, which can be purchased for at least $81 a month for single students and up to $678 a month for a family.
Health officials say they were not in communication with the university before the change and they didn’t express concern about acquiring more Medicaid patients.
Open enrollment for Medicaid expansion began Nov. 1.
State health officials say Madison County has the highest concentration of potential Medicaid expansion enrollees in the state.
University officials didn’t return requests for comment.
Some students argue the university plan is too expensive.
___
Information from: Post Register, http://www.postregister.com
The Associated Press