| Document number: | N4170 | |
|---|---|---|
| Date: | 2014-08-12 | |
| Project: | Programming Language C++, Library Evolution Working Group | |
| Reply-to: | Tomasz Kamiński <tomaszkam at gmail dot com> |
This proposal extends the definition of INVOKE
for class member pointers to cover types convertible to the target class of the pointer, like std::reference_wrapper
.
Proposal also resolves LWG issue #2219
Changes since N3719:
The definition of INVOKE
in the Standard handles pointers to members
by defining two free standing functions: one that takes a reference and the other that takes
a pointer (including smart pointers) to target class.
However, there is a difference in semantics between the INVOKE
expression
for pointers to members and functors: for pointers to members the conversions are not taken into
consideration when matching the first argument.
This difference in behaviour prohibits the uses of wrapper types (e.g., std::reference_wrapper
,
boost::flyweight
) in combination with pointers to members inside the Standard Library functions
that are defined in terms of INVOKE
(e.g., std::bind
, std::mem_fn
,
std::async
). The aim of this proposal is to fix that usability problem by extending the definition of
INVOKE
to allow implicit conversions in such situations.
The proposed change will also cover the cases like std::chrono::duration
specializations,
where a family of types convertible to one common 'base' model the same logical entity.
With the acceptance of this proposal, expression
std::bind(&std::chrono<double>::count, _1)
will create a functor returning the number of
seconds for any specialization of std::chrono::duration.
In addition, this proposal allows the conversion to the target type to be applied
on the result of the dereference operator. This handles types similar to
synchronized_value
proposed in N4033.
operator*
A well known workaround for this problem, is to define the operator*
that will return the same result as the conversion operator. Firstly,
this solution is only applicable in situations when the definition of
the class can be changed, so it is not feasible for third-party library
classes. Secondly, it leads to an inelegant interface that combines wrapper and
pointer semantics.
The other workaround is to use the lambda expression instead of library functions, but in most cases it leads to a less readable code. Compare the following code snippets:
std::bind(&foo, _1, expr, ref(a)); [e = expr, &a] (auto&& arg) -> decltype(auto) { return foo(std::forward<decltype(arg)>(arg), e, a); }
In the case of bind
expressions the problem may be mitigated by the introduction of additional cast functor
that preforms required casting.
std::bind(&Class::method, _1)(std::ref(clazz)); std::bind(&Class::method, cast<Class&>(_1))(std::ref(clazz));
However, this solution depends on std::is_bind_expression
trait and cannot be applied
to other library components that are defined in terms of INVOKE
(e.g., std::async
, std::call_once
).
LWG issue #2219 proposes that INVOKE
be specialized for class template reference_wrapper
. Indeed, if we take a look at the examples above, we may
find that the only one, that is commonly used is reference_wrapper
. This requires less changes to the
standardese.
The problem with this solution is that it is not taking into account the need to support user-defined types, both existing ones and ones developed in future. In contrast, the solution presented in this proposal is consistent with the design of the standard library which aims to provide equal support both for user-defined types and standard components, even at the cost of the increased complexity of the definition. Most notable examples include:
begin
/end
operations
(both as member or free function found by argument depended lookup);condition_variable_any
is provided in addition to condition_variable
,
to provide to support for any lock type;INVOKE
expression is supporting any deference type that returns reference to type compatible
with member class.Furthermore, it has been suggested that if a user-defined type needs to work with INVOKE
,
it can achieve the goal by defining operator*
. If this were to be a valid advice, we would expect it
to also apply to reference_wrapper
. However, in the case of reference_wrapper
a special
dedicated solution is being proposed, which indicates that the original advice is insufficient; probably also for
user-defined types.
In conclusion, the author perceives the addition of a single exception to the standard library in order to support a single standard class, a non-feasible solution, both from the language learning perspective and the usability of the language, especially in the context of designing library that should interoperate with standard ones.
Allowing the conversion in INVOKE
for pointers to member may lead to an ambiguity in the case of entity t
for which both the result of t
and *t
is implicitly convertible to target class of the pointer.
For example, for the following class:
struct Clazz { int foo; } struct Mixed { Clazz& operator*(); operator Clazz&(); }; Mixed m;
The expression INVOKE(&Clazz::foo, m)
may be interpreted as static_cast<Clazz>(m).*foo
or static_cast<Clazz>(*m).*foo
. The existence of such class in codebase might be the result of using a
work around presented in the motivation section of this proposal.
There are tree possible resolutions of such ambiguity:
operator*
Rising an error will make the behaviour of INVOKE
for member pointers more uniform with the behaviour of free standing
functions. However, it will break existing code that uses such entities.
operator*
This is the only option that extends INVOKE
definition without breaking or introducing silent behaviour changes in
the existing code. The minor drawback is that it leads to more
complicated definition of INVOKE
.
Preference of the conversion leads to the silent behaviour change of the existing C++11 standard compliant code, so this option should not be considered as a feasible solution.
This proposal recommends implementing the second option and provides the wording in the Proposed wording section. The wording for the first option may be found in the Alternate proposal section of N3719. Third option is not further discussed.
According to wording presented in the first version of this proposal dereference operator was preferred over conversion if it's result type was compatible with cv-qualification and ref-qualification of member function pointer. For example, given the following definitions:
struct Clazz { void foo(); }; struct Wrapper { A const& operator*(); operator A&(); };
expression std::mem_fn(&A::foo)(Wrapper())
will use conversion operator
because member function foo
cannot be invoked on a const object.
As a consequence of the above behaviour, the modification of cv-qualification of the function may lead
to silent code changes. Let's imagine the situation in which member function foo
becomes const-qualified; such modification will silently change meaning of expression std::mem_fn(&A::foo)(Wrapper())
,
that will invoke dereference operator instead of conversion.
The author considers such change unacceptable because -- unlike in the case when we change one function overload for another --
we cannot reliably expect that dereference operator and conversion wiould have similar behaviour.
In order to avoid the described problem, the current revision of the paper includes new rules for selecting the dereference operator: the deference operator is selected if it returns a type that is implicitly convertible to a reference to target class of member pointer, however cv-qualified.
The proposed resolution keeps the above example ill-formed, preserving behaviour defined in the current standard.
In addition, it greatly simplifies usage of components defined in terms of INVOKE
,
by making their behaviour for pointers to members independent of the actual nature of the member: data or function.
Please also note that the wording change is only impacting cases of ambiguous wrappers that define both dereference operator and conversion. Furthermore, the problem would not be present, if compilation error approach was selected as resolution in such situations.
This proposal has no dependencies beyond a C++11 compiler and
Standard Library implementation. (It depends on perfect forwarding,
varidatic templates, decltype
and trailing return types.)
Nothing depends on this proposal.
Change the paragraph 20.9.2 Requirements [func.require].
Define
INVOKE(f, t1, t2, ..., tN)
as follows:
(t1.*f)(t2, ..., tN)
whenf
is a pointer to a member function of a classT
andt1
is an object of typeT
or a reference to an object of typeT
or a reference to an object of a type derived fromT
;((*t1).*f)(t2, ..., tN)
whenf
is a pointer to a member function of a classT
andt1
is not one of the types described in the previous item;t1.*f
whenN == 1
andf
is a pointer to member data of a classT
andt1
is an object of typeT
or a reference to an object of typeT
or a reference to an object of a type derived fromT
;(*t1).*f
whenN == 1
andf
is a pointer to member data of a classT
andt1
is not one of the types described in the previous item;f(t1, t2, ..., tN)
in all other cases.
Given the exposition only functor:
template<typename T> struct to_reference { T& operator()(T& t) const { return t; } T const& operator()(T const& t) const { return t; } T volatile& operator()(T volatile& t) const { return t; } T const volatile& operator()(T const volatile& t) const { return t; } T&& operator()(T&& t) const { return std::move(t); } T const&& operator()(T const&& t) const { return std::move(t); } T volatile&& operator()(T volatile&& t) const { return std::move(t); } T const volatile&& operator()(T const volatile&& t) const { return std::move(t); } };Define
INVOKE(f, t1, t2, ..., tN)
as follows:
- when
f
is a pointer to a member function of a classT
:
(t1.*f)(t2, ..., tN)
whent1
is an object of typeT
or a reference to an object of typeT
or a reference to an object of a type derived fromT
; otherwise(to_reference<T>{}(*t1).*f)(t2, ..., tN)
when*t1
is implicitly convertible to a reference to an object of typeT
; otherwise(to_reference<T>{}(t1).*f)(t2, ..., tN)
whent1
is implicitly convertible to a reference to an object of typeT
;- otherwise expression is ill-formed;
- when
f
is a pointer to member data of a classT
:
- if
N != 1
expression is ill-formed; otherwiset1.*f
whent1
is an object of typeT
or a reference to an object of typeT
or a reference to an object of a type derived fromT
; otherwiseto_reference<T>{}(*t1).*f
when*t1
is implicitly convertible to a reference to an object of typeT
; otherwiseto_reference<T>{}(t1).*f
whent1
is implicitly convertible to a reference to an object of typeT
;- otherwise expression is ill-formed;
f(t1, t2, ..., tN)
in all other cases.
Proposed change can be implemented as pure library extension in C++11. Implementation of invoke
function that conforms proposed wording can be found https://github.com/tomaszkam/proposals/tree/master/invoke.
Tomasz Miąsko, Andrzej Krzemieński and Mikhail Semenov offered many useful suggestions and corrections to the proposal.
Ville Voutilainen, Gabriel Dos Reis and other people in discussion group ISO C++ Standard - Future Proposals provided numerous insightful suggestions.
synchronized_value<T>
for associating a mutex with a value" (N4033, http://www.open-std.org/jtc1/sc22/wg21/docs/papers/2014/n4033.html)


2 Timothy 4:18
And the Lord shall deliver me from every evil work, and will preserve me unto his heavenly kingdom: to whom be glory for ever and ever. Amen.


The bonus round is that part of a Game Show which follows the main game, typically played by the player or team who won the main game. Usually, this is where the real money/prizes are handed out, with only a token amount of cash given to the winner of the main game. Quite often, a Progressive Jackpot will be involved.
Examples from real game shows:
- "Fast Money" on Family Feud, played by two members of the winning family.
- The "Lightning Round" on Password, the Trope Maker.
- "Alphabetics" on Password Plus. Super Password and Million Dollar Password's bonus rounds had the same name as the series, though "Super Password" became referred to as "the endgame" later in the series' run.
- The "(Super) Gold Rush" on Blockbusters. The name was changed to "Gold Run" halfway through the original series' run, for unknown reasons.
- The "Golden Medley" on Name That Tune
- "Face the Devil" on The Joker's Wild.
- "Double Play" on the Jack Narz version of Concentration, and the Car Game on the Trebek version.
- The "(Big Money) Bonus Round" on Wheel of Fortune.
- The German version, Glücksrad, had an interesting pre-bonus round. The Super-spiel was a 4-5 word crossword puzzle using the board that all three players played as a team. Each player picks two letters, and then they have 90 seconds (each player as captain for 30) to solve the puzzle. If they cleared the wall in time, they all got a share of a rolling jackpot (which in some cases was worth more than the actual Bonus Round win). Then the normal Bonus Round's played like usual.
- The "Best of Ten Test of Knowledge" on Win Ben Stein's Money, where the winning contestant from the previous two rounds goes up against Ben himself for the show's full prize of $5,000.
- "Money Cards" on Card Sharks
- The Sprint round on Scrabble (and later, the "Bonus Sprint")
- The "Big Numbers" on High Rollers
- The Price Is Right not only has a standard Bonus Round with the Showcase, but also has a "pre-Bonus Round" Bonus Round in the Showcase Showdown (that big wheel).
- The Showcase was played more true to "bonus round" form on the 1994 Davidson incarnation, with one player playing an adaptation of the Range Game for a single (usually massive) Showcase. This style of Showcase was adopted by many of the European versions that sprang up after The New Price is Right got canned.
- The nighttime version of the original Price had contestants who won certain items up for bids either winning a bonus prize or competing in separate contests to win bonus cash or prizes.
- It could be convincingly argued that the Showcase is actually a competitive apex that the first 40 minutes of show has been building toward, like a price-guessing Super Bowl, but it does fit on this list by virtue of being a chance for people who've already won to win even more.
- The Audience Match on the original Match Game and the SuperMatch on versions up to the 2016 revival.
- The "Winners' Circle" on The $10,000 Pyramid (and its subsequent versions)
- The Obstacle Course on Double Dare
- The "Room-to-Room Romp" on Finders Keepers
- The "Bonus Sweep" on Supermarket Sweep
- The Temple Run on Legends of the Hidden Temple
- The Map on Where In The World Is Carmen Sandiego, later replaced by The Gates of History on Where in Time is Carmen Sandiego?.
- The "Video Zone" on Nick Arcade
- "Mega Memory" on Get The Picture
- The Locker Room on Think Fast
- "Shop 'Til They Drop" on Shop 'Til You Drop
- The Big Wheel on The Big Spin
- The Dutch lottery game show Miljoenenjacht had a curious one; the winning contestant (after several rounds of quizzes in various formats) chose one of 26 briefcases containing ascending dollar amounts (hoping it contained the top prize). Then, they opened other briefcases to narrow down what could be inside their own, and were given offers from an omnipresent character as a buyout for their case. Sound familiar? Well, that's Deal or No Deal
- The "Gauntlet of Villains" on Whew!!
- "Strolling down Rodeo Drive"
- The Fun House
- The "Honors Round" on Make the Grade; on a few episodes, a player who won the game early played a second bonus round, entitled the University Round.
- The "Million Dollar Round" on The $1,000,000 Chance of a Lifetime; you had to win the game AND the bonus round three times, without failing at any point, to win the million dollars.
- Remote Control had two: an identify-the-music-video round on the MTV version, and the "Wheel of Jeopardy" in the syndicated run.
- Inverted on Distraction. The player is awarded either a car or several bonus prizes at the outset, but must answer a series of questions in order to prevent them from being damaged or destroyed. Once the round is over, the player takes home the prizes in whatever condition they are in at the end of the game (smashed, blown up, vandalized, etc.).
- "The Big Deal (of The Day)" on Let's Make A Deal.  All they have to do is choose one of the three doors, and they win what's behind it. The doors contain three prizes of increasing value (one of which being the Big Deal itself), but never Zonks.
- Originally two winners were allowed to play, that is until the current run, where only one person okays, making it an even stricter endgame than before.
- The "Super Deal" on the same functions as a Bonus Bonus Round (The catch? the Big Deal must be won, because if it's not then it's skipped entirely, without a reveal of where it would have been).
- The UK version of Duel gave contestants who won 2 consecutive Duels a bonus question for £10,000, and another for £20,000 if they won a third Duel. Also a rare example of a Bonus Round which did not offer the big money; the jackpot was won by winning four Duels in a row.
- Double-or-Nothing Video Bonus on Cash Cab
- "Jack Attack" in You Don't Know Jack
- On Jeopardy!, if only one player finishes Double Jeopardy! with a positive score, Final Jeopardy! effectively becomes this. The player simply wagers any amount of their score on a clue that they answer alone. Regardless of whether or not the response is correct, the player is guaranteed the win- unless they wager everything and get it wrong. ($0 is never a winning score.)
- A brief Art Fleming revival in 1978 did have an actual bonus round known as "Super Jeopardy!" (unrelated to ABC's primetime Tournament of Champions of the same name), where the day's winner tried to get 5 in a row by getting correct responses from clues on a 5 by 5 board (essentially a predecessor or sorts to the Gold Run of Blockbusters and the bonus rounds of Catch Phrase (which used a similar setup) and Trump Card (which was pretty much the same thing)).
- The "Wonderwall" on Winning Lines
- Tokyo Friend Park 2 had a variant: If a team successfully wins a game early, they're often allowed to use their remaining tries or time to try and reach an even harder goal (usually double the original goal, or a Flawless Victory if the goal was more than half the maximum possible). A success doubles their winnings from the game, with no penalty for failure. In some games, it's even possible to win that early, and earn a chance to go for triple and up (and a triple win has been pulled off at least once).
- The bonus board on the original You Don't Say!! had three clues to a name for a cash prize. If a contestant won a game by a 3-0 score, the prize for getting the name on the first clue was a new car. On the 1975 revival, there was no board; the contestant gave clues to the celebrities. If a contestant could get the celebrity chosen to get four names in five clues, it was worth $5000. Getting five names in five clues doubled it.
- "The Spoilers" on the Alex Trebek version of Double Dare
- Child's Play had two: "Triple Play" featured the contestant guessing a word based on three different definitions from children. Later on, it was replaced by "Turnabout", which was simply Pyramid WITH KIDS! (i.e. having to explain words to children to get them to guess it)
- Showoffs and its reboot Body Language had contestants trying to guess up to ten words being mimed to them in sixty seconds. Whatever was correctly guessed was worth up to 10 times the amount by getting three additional words in 15 seconds (20 in Body Language).
- "Double Definition" on Wordplay
- "Channel Roulette" on Couch Potatoes
- The Italian game Avanti Un Altro has a bonus round which is just plain diabolical: you have 2:30 seconds to answer 21 questions wrong. They have two options each, but if you get one right or take too long to answer you have to go right back to the beginning! You do get additional time to play for a smaller prize if you run out of time, but still.
- The Chase has the All or Nothing "Final Chase".
- "El minuto de oro" ("The Golden Minute") in the weekend edition of Saber y Ganar.
- Many Japanese variety shows have an inversion of this trope called the "Batsu game" (罰ゲーム, penalty game), where the loser has to play a game that involves doing or experiencing something unpleasant as "punishment" for losing.
- Then there's Panel Quiz Attack 25, which plays it straight: however many panels the winner captured during the main game were removed from the board, revealing a series of pictures underneath. These are visual clues that led to the name of a person, place, or even a year (where the clues would be events that happened during that year). Identifying the subject of the clues won a trip (these days, it's a Mediterranean cruise).
- BOOM! features an optional one in the Mega Money Bomb, which can quadruple a team's winnings; it is optional due to the fact that if a team goes for it and loses, their winnings are cut in half.
Examples from fictional game shows:
- The kids-versus-adults game "What Do Kids Know?" in Magnolia had a bonus round. Everyone expects Child Prodigy Stanley to represent the kids in the bonus round but he doesn't want to go because he has to go to the bathroom .
- In Garfield and Friends, the Dream Sequence game show "Name that Fish" had a bonus round in which Garfield (or presumably, any contestant) gets into a booth that starts filling with water, and is challenged to name the fish that come in with it (Never seen played because Garfield realized it was All Just a Dream).
- In Dave Barry Slept Here, Abraham Lincoln became a contestant in The Lincoln-Douglas Debates, where he won the bonus round by answering the question "How much is four score plus seven?" This awarded him the Samsonite luggage and the presidency. John F. Kennedy wins the same prize in his televised debates with Nixon; the category chosen by Kennedy in the bonus round was "Graceful Handsome Boyish Wittiness."
- In Once Upon a Mattress, the Wizard tells Princess #12 that she's now at "the seventh plateau," and gives her a final question to answer in the Engagement Challenge. Predictably, the princess fails to answer the absurdly convoluted fourth part of the question before the time runs out, and she receives a large dead bird as a Consolation Prize.


Shortcuts etc. for MacOS
Finder
|
|
Go to folder |
Path Finder
Notes
Some of these shortcuts are my personal configuration.
Shortcuts etc. for MacOS
|
|
Go to folder |
Some of these shortcuts are my personal configuration.


| tag_f {diffobj} | R Documentation |
Helper functions to generate functions to use as slots for the
StyleHtml@funs
classes. These are functions that return
functions.
tag_f(tag, class = character(), style = character()) div_f(class = character(), style = character()) span_f(class = character(), style = character()) cont_f(class = character())
tag |
character(1L) a name of an HTML tag |
class |
character the CSS class(es) |
style |
named character inline styles, where the name is the CSS property and the value the value. |
tag_f
and related functions (div_f
, span_f
) produce
functions that are vectorized and will apply opening and closing tags to
each element of a character vector. container_f
on the other hand
produces a function will collapse a character vector into length 1, and only
then applies the tags. Additionally, container_f
already comes with
the “diffobj-container” class specified.
a function that accepts a character parameter. If applied, each element in the character vector will be wrapped in the div tags
inputs are assumed to be valid class names or CSS styles.
## Assuming class 'ex1' has CSS styles defined elsewhere tag_f("div", "ex1")(LETTERS[1:5]) ## Use convenience function, and add some inline styles div_f("ex2", c(color="green", `font-family`="arial"))(LETTERS[1:5]) ## Notice how this is a div with pre-specifed class, ## and only one div is created around the entire data cont_f()(LETTERS[1:5])


Ssembatya Shafic - For Summit Tech Kayabwe-Mpigi, 84km Kampala Uganda - Africa summitsmith842@gmail.com


Functions
The following functions are available globally.
-
Extract all keywords from text sorted by relevance
Declaration
Swift
public func keywords(text: String, completion: ([String] -> Void))
Parameters
text
Text to extract keywords.
Return Value
sorted keywords from text
-
Extract first keywords from text sorted by relevance
Declaration
Swift
public func keywords(text: String, count: Int, completion: ([String] -> Void))
Parameters
text
Text to extract keywords.
count
Number of keywords to extract.
Return Value
sorted keywords from text
-
Extract keywords from text sorted by relevance with a rate of compression
Declaration
Swift
public func keywords(text: String, compression: Float, completion: ([String] -> Void))
Parameters
text
Text to extract keywords.
compression
Ratio of compression to extract keywords. From 0..<1.
Return Value
sorted keywords from text
-
Reordered text phrases by relevance on text
Declaration
Swift
public func summarize(text: String, completion: ([String] -> Void))
Parameters
text
Text to summarize.
Return Value
sorted phrases from text
-
Reordered text phrases by relevance on text
Declaration
Swift
public func summarize(text: String, count: Int, completion: ([String] -> Void))
Parameters
text
Text to summarize.
count
Number of phrases to extract.
Return Value
sorted phrases from text
-
Reordered text phrases by relevance on text
Declaration
Swift
public func summarize(text: String, compression: Float, completion: ([String] -> Void))
Parameters
text
Text to summarize.
compression
Ratio of compression to extract phrases. From 0..<1.
Return Value
sorted phrases from text


Hello there!
I am an Irish Machine Learning Scientist working at ASOS in London. I have a Masters in Data Science from ETH Zürich and conducted my Master thesis on sequential recommendation with reinforcement learning with Spotify researchers in their London office. I am very passionate about harnessing data and Machine Learning techniques to tackle the world's problems, developments in cutting edge learning algorithms and the overlap between Biology, Neuroscience and Computer Science.
Part of the Retail Science AI team. We are working on how we can leverage Artificial Intelligence to improve pricing and promotional activity. I have a broad range of responsibilites ranging from model design to stakeholder engagement to writing production code.
I am helping to build bespoke production Machine Learning pipelines in Python using scikit-learn, pandas, MLFlow and related libraries. These pipelines include crucial experiment-running capabilities allowing us to keep the distance between science and production at a minimum.
Conducted my Master thesis in Reinforcement Learning for Sequential Recommendation with Spotify researchers in the London office.
Engineering work involved the design and implementation of a TensorFlow based pipeline for rapid and flexible experimentation.
Contributed to weekly research reading groups and attended internal research conferences to stay up-to-date with exciting research.
Teaching assistant for one of the most popular master level courses in the Computer Science department, Advanced Machine Learning.
Designed the structure and schema of a database to store data for prototype applications.
Helped in the design of programs to automatically clean and upload clients’ GPS data to this database.
Designed a Shiny application in R, heavily using custom CSS, HTML and JavaScript and sitting atop the aforementioned database, which acted as a prototype application for interested clients.
Graduated with an overall average grade of 5.6/6.
Classes Include:Computer Vision, Big Data, Deep Learning, Machine Learning, Natural Language Understanding and Probabilistic Artificial Intelligence.
Achieved a 3.883 GPA and awarded with a grade of 94% from NUIG for the semester.
Classes Included:Nonparametric Statistics, Introduction to Computational Statistics, Exploratory Data Analysis & Inference and Introduction to Topolgy.
Graduated with a first class honors with an overall grade of 93.23%
Classes Included:Applied Regression Models, Machine Learning & Data Mining, Introduction to Bayesian Modelling, Linear Algebra, Probability Theory & Applications, Stochastic Processes, Databases, Algorithms & Scientific Computing, Measure Theory and Metric Spaces.
I was a committee member of the ETH Entrepreneur Club during my time in Zürich. In particular, I was on the team responsible for the organisation of the massively successful 2018 iteration of the InCube event, a entrepreneurship hackathon style event in which I participated in 2017. Information about InCube 2018 can be found here.
When not coding or studying I spend my time hiking and travelling around Europe. I also enjoy film and reading. I keep a (roughly) up to date list of what I've been reading here.


So, you've decided you want to contribute to Zeta. Awesome!
This page will give you a quick overview of what you can do to contribute.
Source codeJavascriptNode.js
Want to add a useful feature to Zeta? Want to fix a bug? Feel free to check the following links:
Zeta WebsiteHTMLCSSJavascript
You can also help to make this website a place where all useful information can be easily found. Click here to find out how!
Editor's Note:
To contribute to Zeta development, you need to have those required programming knowledge. But no worries! If you don't know about programming, feel free to contact the Zeta developers.


BLADE A film review by Steve Rhodes Copyright 1998 Steve Rhodes RATING (0 TO ****): ** 1/2
BLADE is the picture for those of you who have avoided Jackie Chan movies because you think he's a wimp. As that fearless vampire killer known simply as Blade, Wesley Snipes kills more men in a single scene that Chan attacks in an entire movie. This over-the-top action is, of course, either totally cool or completely ridiculous depending on your point of view.
Arguably the most fascinating part of the movie is the carefully constructed vampire world that writer David S. Goyer lays out for us. At the top of the vampire hierarchy are the pure bloods. These elite, who meet in expensive board rooms to manage their investments, wear blue suits that would make them look like Wall Street brokers except for their walk, which gives the appearance that the suits are starched.
In BLADE the vampire social structure is in the process of being upset by a group of rebellious youngsters of a less than pure strain. Stephen Dorff plays their leader, Deacon Frost. Frost likes to take his minions to hidden raves in which blood pours from the fire sprinklers as the DJ plays heavy metal music. Frost even arranges the procurement of humans for some late night snacks.
Snipes, who has a wide acting range from action heroes (MURDER AT 1600) to lovers (ONE NIGHT STAND), rarely gets offered the best material. Regardless of the quality of script, he manages to put so much energy into it that it is usually worth watching. Some actors possess great natural talent, but with Snipes it is more his intensity and commitment that make the difference.
BLADE's director, Stephen Norrington, clearly wants to make a fast-paced, no-holds barred bloodfest, and he succeeds. If vampire pictures are your cup of tea, this is one of the better ones. (Personally, I don't think I'll ever see a better one than HABIT, which I reviewed earlier this year.) The problem with Norrington's approach is that it soon becomes highly repetitive. A half-hour would probably suffice for most viewers, and some will be so grossed out by French kissing vampires with blood drenched mouths that they will leave before the film is over anyway.
As Abraham Whistler, Kris Kristofferson plays an old character who makes the weapons for Blade to use in his attempt to wipe out the vampire nation. Even if the guns are sleek and powerful, Blade's noisy, old black Dodge Charger provides as much visceral thrill as its aging mufflers growl.
Although we learn that silver bullets and essence of garlic are the best vampire weapons, there are others.  One ancient vampire, who would make Jabba the Hutt look svelte, is fried with just such a weapon.
BLADE runs 2:00. It is rated R for strong violence and vampire related gore and would be fine for most teenagers.
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
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Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
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Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


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Hi, I am a recently graduated computer graphics and animation engineer. Currently, working with a Unity game engine and C#.
I have developed several Unity games. Also practicing web development technologies like HTML, Bootstrap, JQuery, CSS.
You can see the code of my personal projects on my GitHub profile.
If my portfolio looks interesting to you, or if you would like to see my CV, don't hesitate to contact me.
Looking forward to meeting new people and for new opportunities.
You can reach me at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Modelling scene of a house with a pool. Using Autodesk 3D Max. Defining and mapping materials to models on scene. Daylight and night environments were achieved using "Target Free Direction", "Free Direction", "Omnia" tools available in Autodesk 3D Max.
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A generation after the events of The Long Earth, mankind has spread across the new worlds opened up by Stepping. Where Joshua and Lobsang once pioneered, now fleets of airships link the stepwise Americas with trade and culture. Mankind is shaping the Long Earth – but in turn the Long Earth is shaping mankind ... A new ‘America’, called Valhalla, is emerging more than a million steps from Datum Earth, with core American values restated in the plentiful environment of the Long Earth – and Valhalla is growing restless under the control of the Datum government...
Meanwhile the Long Earth is suffused by the song of the trolls, graceful hive-mind humanoids. But the trolls are beginning to react to humanity’s thoughtless exploitation ... Joshua, now a married man, is summoned by Lobsang to deal with a gathering multiple crisis that threatens to plunge the Long Earth into a war unlike any mankind has waged before.
On an alternate world, two million steps from Earth: the troll female was called Mary by her handlers, Monica Jansson read on the rolling caption on the video clip. No one knew what thr troll called herself. Now two of those handlers, both men, one in a kind of spacesuit, faced Mary as she cowered in a corner of what looked like a high-tech laboratory - if a beast built like a brick wall covered in black fur could be said to cower at all - and she held her cub to her powerful chest. The cub, itself a slab of muscle, was similarly dressed up in its own silvery spacesuit, with wires dangling from sensors attached to its flat skull.


Functions for Bayesian analysis of data from randomized experiments with non-compliance. The functions are based on the models described in Imbens and Rubin (1997) <doi:10.1214/aos/1034276631>. Currently only two types of outcome models are supported: binary outcomes and normally distributed outcomes. Models can be fit with and without the exclusion restriction and/or the strong access monotonicity assumption. Models are fit using the data augmentation algorithm as described in Tanner and Wong (1987) <doi:10.2307/2289457>.
| Version: | 1.0 |
| Imports: | MCMCpack (≥ 1.4.0), stats |
| Suggests: | knitr |
| Published: | 2017-08-24 |
| Author: | Scott Coggeshall [aut, cre] |
| Maintainer: | Scott Coggeshall <sscogges at uw.edu> |
| License: | GPL-2 |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| CRAN checks: | noncomplyR results |
| Reference manual: | noncomplyR.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
Introduction to noncomplyR |
| Package source: | noncomplyR_1.0.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: noncomplyR_1.0.zip, r-release: noncomplyR_1.0.zip, r-oldrel: noncomplyR_1.0.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: noncomplyR_1.0.tgz, r-oldrel: noncomplyR_1.0.tgz |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=noncomplyR to link to this page.


I stop one activity before completing it.
I take time to consider all aspects.
I think before doing.
I stop and think.
I am fast and careless.
I am never reckless.
I buy something without thinking.
I value rational approach.
I do things on the spur of the moment.
I am careful in reasoning.
I am not as cautious.
I am cautious person.
I am a spontaneous person.
I do the first thing that comes to mind.
I keep close track of money.
I play things by ear.
I know how to proceed.
I am very level-headed.
I organize my work.
I often start projects.
I am methodical.
I do not have detailed plans.
I have a good idea of what I'm going to do.
I like to find out what to expect.


species conservation EFS areas PAs climate priority change endangered used protected ranking China distribution distributions {border-style fern richness px;} #ffffff;} Wang high potential planning Ecol predicted based biodiversity existing using Moilanen Zhang appropriate data model plant temperature Wan relationship < ./j.-...x Fig. However, concentration identify low management nature occurrence projected software AUC Cyatheaceae Dawson Minin analysis area climatic future models px; studies study test use {font-family Alsophila Category China. Global font-size grid grids mean national protection represents resources seasonality species, (Fig. Chen Conserv Conservation EFS. Hence, Maxent PAs. Zonation ability change. conserve double; important modeling natural observed spatial variables (Taiwan), ./s--- Climate EFS, Environ IUCN National Table border-color border-width case establish jackknife limited need number rankings results shown solid; values {font-style {font-weight (Merow Bio Biogeogr Biol Chinese Chung Distrib Divers Evol Han Protected SDM Sci Using Zavaleta article bold changes computed courier; detailed determine distributed effectively em; evaluation expand features file manuscript. parks plan pt;} regions research scale selected supplementary sustainable vulnerability


Voting is underway for this year’s BT Digital Music People’s Choice Awards and you can vote for U2.com in the 'Best Official Site' category. This is a category voted for entirely by the public so if you like the vibe of the site, if you appreciate the news, features, exclusive video and tour coverage that the U2.com team pulls together, on the site and on facebook, please vote here
Following news of the recuperation period from Bono's surgery, tour promoters Live Nation have confirmed that the 16 U2360° shows from Salt Lake City on June 3rd, through to New Jersey's Meadowlands Stadium on July 19th, will be rescheduled for 2011. U2 tour producer/promoter Arthur Fogel, CEO of Live Nation Global Touring, said, 'Although we understand the disappointment to U2 fans, first and foremost comes the recovery of Bono.' Additional details on rescheduled dates will follow shortly and fans are encouraged to hold on to their tickets. Bono has now been discharged from Ludwig Maximilians-University (LMU) Hospital in Munich where he underwent emergency surgery on Friday, following a back injury. In order to fully recover, he is under doctor's orders to start a rehabilitation program and to recuperate for at least eight weeks. Paul McGuinness said, 'Our biggest and I believe best tour has been interrupted and we're all devastated. For a performer who lives to be on stage, this is more than a blow. He feels robbed of the chance to do what he does best and feels like he has badly let down the band and their audience. Which is of course nonsense. His concerns about more than a million ticket buyers whose plans have been turned upside down, we all share, but the most important thing right now is that Bono make a full recovery. We're working as fast as we can with Live Nation to reschedule these dates.' All information available from U2.com


Weekly musing #20 - Let the market speak
Bitcoin Cash
It's inspiring to see how well Bitcoin Cash has done in this last week.
The market has certainly run with it.
It's unclear whether the temporary spike in transactions that led to the mining of a nearly 8MB block was an attempt to attack the network, or simply a test of transaction capacity. It certainly was not a scheduled test by any of the main implementations, so naturally it put everyone on alert.
Regardless of intent, it showed the network was more than capable of absorbing such loads, and may have contributed to increasing confidence among users and those watching on the sidelines.
If it was intended as an attack, it's safe to say it backfired spectacularly.
Price rises brought parity in terms of mining profitability with the legacy chain.
A further difficulty reduction by about 40 percent boosted that profitability advantage (at least momentarily) to upwards of 150%. Miners have certainly paid attention, with large new pools joining to mine the chain.
All signs point to continued support and growth. We shall need to let the market speak, and listen carefully to what it says.
Bitcoin ABC
I believe we need to open the public discussion to introduce a separate address scheme in this coming week.
Reproducing the import-related wallet issues has proved difficult, and work is still ongoing.


{% include meta.html %}
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FINANCING MEDICAL CARE: A WELFARE ECONOMICS ANALYSIS
by Irwin Garfinkel
A dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment ef the requirements fer the degree ef Decter ef Philesephy (Secial Werk and Ecenomics) in The University ef Michigan 1970
Decteral Cemmittee:
Professor Harvey E. Brazer, Chairman Prefesser Sidney G. Winter
Associate Professer Paul J. Feldstein Assistant Prefessor William B. Neenan Lecturer Philip Beeth


Methylone+Piracetam
Set&Setting: At home at night, did 25mg of 2C-B the night before. Feeling kind of tired but not terrible. I really like what the MD class of psychedelics does for me. Iíve found methylone to be very lacking in the spiritual effects compared to other MD drugs as well as having a jittery effect and short duration. I am hoping that piracetam does to methylone what Iíve read of it doing to MDMA (making it deeper, smoother and longer lasting).
Dosing: Took 2.5-3 gram doses of piracetam at 2pm, 6pm, and 10:15pm. Took 135mg of bk-MDMA at 11pm.
Trip: Started to come on half an hour after dosing (11:30). I found this rather quick compared to previous experiences. I spent some time posting on BL and just hanging out. At T+1 I tried listening to music but I found music just aggravated me and was an impediment to my trip. I was also starting to feel jittery so I figured I would sit outside, smoke a little pot to see if it would mellow out the jitter and increase the mental effects.
I took one inhalation from my bong. Pot often gives me anxiety and I was afraid thatís what it would do. It was starting to give me this effect but 5 minutes later the anxiety faded and I plateaued into a state of peace. I still had some pleasant body energy so I decided to go for a walk up the road. Along the road I met a car coming the opposite direction. It is a very strange occurrence around here to meet a guy walking up the road dressed in black after midnight. I felt this tension between me and the person in the car; as if there was something to fear and that being on guard was good for my safety. I suppose this is somewhat logical as they are in a machine hurdling at me at a high speed and passing by me within 10 feet. This was however an insight into the everyday dynamic of social fear.
When I got back to my house I went to sit by the water for a bit. The peacefulness of the scene was breathtaking. The stars were out in full force, not a ripple on the water, fish were jumping, loons were calling. My breathing was very calm and deep, incredibly anxiolytic, a profound connection to nature was felt. This was the peak, it was incredible.
Afterwards I smoked another bit of pot and went inside, I tried listening to music again but like before it just got in my peaceful way. I feel that when Iím having a profound trip Iím most comfortable with the sound of silence and just being with my thoughts and senses. I felt I was coming down and was a little bit anxious but nothing serious. I started watching some Simpsons; my go-to program for psychedelic comedowns. I Took another 2.5 gram dose of piracetam (about T+5) and 100mg of 5-HTP. I also took one 3mg pill of melatonin, a 40mg pill of valerian extract, and a 1 ounce shot of tequila. Fell asleep about half an hour later, woke up 7 hours after having vivid dreams and felt great. I took more piracetam, about 2.5 grams every 6 hours and rode an afterglow all day long. No hangover whatsoever.
Conclusion: Piracetam made methylone more entactogenic and MDMA-like. It also smoothed out the side effects, extended the duration, and eliminated the hangover. Throughout the trip there was still some jaw clenching and stimulation but nothing serious. I usually get a hangover from methylone but there was absolutely none. The timeline went: 1 hour to come up, 3 hour plateau, 1-2 hours of comedown, sleep. Pretty much the same timeline MDMA gives me. I also feel piracetam made my thoughts and emotions more smooth and efficient. Iím going to continue to use piracetam on a daily basis for this purpose; it feels like a great anti-anxiety/anti-depressant. Iím also going to experiment with piracetam combinations with other psychedelics. I feel it will probably smooth out the tension I get and help me break through to a peaceful plateau.
I felt my methylone stash was next to useless. Piracetam just gave it a whole new life.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Some status text, an error message or anything related to the current log file
2016-07-01 08:39:55,755 WARN [org.jboss.as.txn] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 36) WFLYTX0013: Node identifier property is set to the default value. Please make sure it is unique.
2016-07-01 08:39:55,756 INFO [org.jboss.as.webservices] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 34) WFLYWS0002: Activating WebServices Extension
2016-07-01 08:39:55,765 INFO [org.jboss.as.security] (ServerService Thread Pool -- 38) WFLYSEC0002: Activating Security Subsystem
2016-07-01 08:39:55,770 INFO [org.jboss.as.security] (MSC service thread 1-6) WFLYSEC0001: Current PicketBox version=4.9.6.Final
2016-07-01 08:39:58,823 INFO [org.wildfly.extension.messaging-activemq] (MSC service thread 1-4) WFLYMSGAMQ0002: Bound messaging object to jndi name java:jboss/DefaultJMSConnectionFactory
2016-07-01 08:39:59,041 INFO [org.jboss.as] (Controller Boot Thread) WFLYSRV0025: WildFly Core 2.2.0.CR4 "Kenny" started in 6002ms - Started 360 of 606 services (404 services are lazy, passive or on-demand)


{%extends "nav_events.html" %} {%load alertmap%} {%load currency%} {%load pgmarkdown%} {%block title%}Conference Sponsorship Signup - {{conference}}{%endblock%} {%block content%}
On this page you can sign up as a sponsor of {{conference}}. If you have any questions or comments at all, please contact the organizers before you begin!
{%if current%}We have noticed that you are already signed up as managing a sponsorship for this conference. You can of course manage more than one sponsorship (for example for two different companies), but please doublecheck on this list. If you already have a signed up sponsorship, please continue to work on that one rather than creating a new one! And as always, if you have any questions, please don't hesitate to contact the organizers.
Your existing sponsorships are:
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{%if level.maxnumber%}This level allows a maximum of {{level.maxnumber}} sponsors. There are currently {{level.num_confirmed}} confirmed and {{level.num_unconfirmed}} unconfirmed sponsors signed up at this level. {%if level.maxnumber <= level.num_total and level.num_unconfirmed > 0 %} At this point, you can sign up on the wait list for this level, and will be granted a slot if not all other sponsors complete their signup. {%endif%}
{%endif%} {%if level.contract%}A full specification of all the levels can be found in the contract. If there is a difference, the version listed in the contract takes precedence.
{%endif%}Sign Up {%if level.contract%} Preview Contract{%endif%}


Gpio
The Gpio API provides high level access to GPIO pins through the Linux /sys/class/gpio
interface.
Basics
Invoke Gpio.open to open a given GPIO pin number and direction. Use read and write to read and toggle the pin value:
g := Gpio.open(18, "out")
g.write(1)
g.read
g.close
Once you are finished with a pin, call close to free the backing native process.
Listening for Changes
To monitor changes to a GPIO pin output, you can use Gpio.listen. This method will register an interrupt handler that triggers on the rising, falling, or both edges and efficiently poll for pin state changes:
g := Gpio.open(18, "in")
i := 0
g.listen("falling", null) |val|
{
echo("Pin is now $val")
if (++i == 5) g.close
}
echo("Pin was read 5 times")
To receive a callback after a period of time has elpased (regardless if pin state has changed), pass in a duration to Gpio.listen:
g.listen("rising", 5sec) |val|
{
...
}


In a nutshell, Node is a Javascript framework for building network apps. Network apps are broader in scope than webapps. They don't need to run on HTTP, thus freeing you to write lower level tools. Node doesn’t necessarily have to be part of your core app, and in many cases, it makes for a good fit for writing some of the support functions for your webapp. I'll cover the basics of getting Node setup, some event driven programming, and some miscellaneous Node goodies.
To get started, you can grab the latest Node release from Github. They have good installation instructions, but for the truly uninitiated Mac users, you can install it via homebrew:
brew install node
Once you have Node, you can try it out with an interactive session much like irb. Run node with no arguments:
node
> console.log('hello world')
hello world
Node's biggest core idea is evented I/O. Instead of blocking and waiting for I/O to finish, Node will start I/O, and execute a callback when data is actually ready. On top of reading and writing requests and responses, we spend a lot of time doing I/O when we fetch data from a datastore, or make external requests to other APIs. With Node, we save that wasted blocking time to do actual useful work.
Let's compare a really simple file I/O operation to compare Ruby to Node. Here's a simple Ruby script that will read a file 3 times and print when it finishes, and also print "doing something important".
(1..3).each do |i|
contents = File.read('foo.txt')
puts "#{i}. Finished reading file"
puts "#{i}. doing something important..."
end
We also print out the loop counter to see the order the statements were run. The output is unsurprising:
1. Finished reading file
1. doing something important...
2. Finished reading file
2. doing something important...
3. Finished reading file
3. doing something important...
Now let's look at the Node equivalent of the same script:
var fs = require('fs');
for (var i=1; i<=3; i++) {
fs.readFile('presentation.key', function(err, data) {
console.log(i + ". Finished reading file");
});
console.log(i + ". doing something important...");
}
What's interesting in this code is the callback we use with the readFile method. By having a callback on this I/O action, readFile will immediately return when called, which allows "doing something important" to be run before the I/O actually completes. When the file is finished reading, then we invoke the callback. Here's the output for the Node script:
1. doing something important...
2. doing something important...
3. doing something important...
4. Finished reading file
4. Finished reading file
4. Finished reading file
Were you surprised by the loop counter 4 in the results? This is one of those subtle "gotcha's" that takes time to get used to. Because the callback is invoked long after the loop is finished, the loop counter variable 'i' has been incremented to 4.
The community for Node is growing, and there is already a large number of non-blocking libraries that are Node friendly. Many of these can be used to build diagnostic and metrics tools for supporting your site. If your site has a need for push notifications or uses AJAX to poll for updates, you can also use Node to handle those features on your site. A few fun examples of apps built with Node include StatsD, Hummingbird Analytics, and Node Wargames.
That covers a brief introduction to Node. I leave you with a quote from the creator of Node that I'm a fan of. He says:
Node jails you into this evented-style programming. You can't do things in a blocking way, you can’t write slow programs.
--Ryan Dahl


locuschange
Event ExampleIn this example we want to update the page URL whenever the IGV viewer locus changes. This allows us to
capture an exact location in the URL so that it can be shared. To do this, we subscribe to the locuschange
event and update the page URL to match the current locus.


In December 2021, the case Dobbs v. Jackson Women’s Health Organization was argued in front of the U.S. Supreme Court. In this case, the Jackson Women’s Health Organization and one of its doctors challenged that the Mississippi’s Gestational Age Act violated a constitutional right to abortion. This Act states:
in-context


A collection of Networkcube's global function availeble through networkcube.myFunc()
Imports a data set into network cube.
[description]
Returns the networkcube standart time format
Generated using TypeDoc
A collection of Networkcube's global function availeble through networkcube.myFunc()


The .shp file was obtained from here and converted in mapshaper.org I used the same technique as David Mendoza to color each county


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DebuggerDeleteCommand Class
Definition at line
291
of
Debugger.hpp
Constructors
DebuggerDeleteCommand
(
int
breakpointNumber_)
Member Functions
DebuggerCommand
*
Clone
()
override
void
Execute
(
Debugger
& debugger)
override
Member Variables
int
breakpointNumber
Constructor Details
DebuggerDeleteCommand Constructor
cmajor::debug::DebuggerDeleteCommand::DebuggerDeleteCommand(
int
breakpointNumber_)
Definition at line
2432
of
Debugger.cpp
:
2432
:
DebuggerCommand
(
Kind
::
delete_
)
,
breakpointNumber
(
breakpointNumber_
)
2433
{
2434
}
Declaration at line
294
of
Debugger.hpp
Member Function Details
Clone Member Function
DebuggerCommand
* cmajor::debug::DebuggerDeleteCommand::Clone()
override
Definition at line
2441
of
Debugger.cpp
:
2442
{
2443
return
new
DebuggerDeleteCommand
(
breakpointNumber
)
;
2444
}
Declaration at line
296
of
Debugger.hpp
Base class overridden functions:
cmajor::debug::DebuggerCommand::Clone
Execute Member Function
void
cmajor::debug::DebuggerDeleteCommand::Execute(
Debugger
& debugger)
override
Definition at line
2436
of
Debugger.cpp
:
2437
{
2438
debugger
.
Delete
(
std
::
to_string
(
breakpointNumber
)
)
;
2439
}
Declaration at line
295
of
Debugger.hpp
Base class overridden functions:
cmajor::debug::DebuggerCommand::Execute
Calls:
cmajor::debug::Debugger::Delete
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GreatEdu Webinar
Exploring Kewl Widgets in Flutter
Angga Arifandi - Nov 2020
Angga Dwi Arifandi
Google Dev Expert - Flutter
Social Media
blackmenthor
@angga.arifandi
@anggadwia_
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>How to Attract People to an app
-
Show good UX
-
Show fancy UI
How Flutter Work in a Nutshell
Flutter Widgets
flutter.dev/docs/development/ui/widgets
7 Fancy Flutter Widgets for Your App
Hero
Draggable
ListWheelScrollView
ReorderableListView
Dismissible
AnimatedSwitcher
AnimatedIcons
Further Exploration
-
Publicly available packages
-
Flutter Widgets of The Week!
-
Flutter Cookbook
-
Create your own implementation if needed :)
Thank you, and keep spreading positivity!
Any questions?
Slides: <IP_ADDRESS>:8002
bit.ly/RockSoSurvey


Book you New Home
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Code for Solvable Dessins project.
Code to compute the Iwasawa $\lambda$-invariant of a cyclotomic field in Magma. Some examples are also included.
tables
Code to support these computations in Magma. For example, the latex code for the picture on this page was generated as part of this project.
pdf
1311.2081
In general, any coding projects / side-projects I am involved in will be made available on github.


|
My Project
|
A p-code injection library that uses a Ghidra client to generate/compile the injection p-code. More...
#include <inject_ghidra.hh>
Public Member Functions | |
| PcodeInjectLibraryGhidra (ArchitectureGhidra *ghi) | |
| Constructor. | |
| virtual int4 | manualCallFixup (const string &name, const string &snippet) |
| Manually add a call-fixup payload given a compilable snippet of p-code source. More... | |
| virtual int4 | manualCallOtherFixup (const string &name, const string &outname, const vector< string > &inname, const string &snippet) |
| Manually add a callother-fixup payload given a compilable snippet of p-code source. More... | |
| virtual InjectContext & | getCachedContext (void) |
| Retrieve a reusable context object for this library. More... | |
| virtual const vector< OpBehavior * > & | getBehaviors (void) |
| Get the array of op-code behaviors for initializing and emulator. More... | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from PcodeInjectLibrary | |
| PcodeInjectLibrary (Architecture *g, uintb tmpbase) | |
| Constructor. | |
| virtual | ~PcodeInjectLibrary (void) |
| Destructor. | |
| uintb | getUniqueBase (void) const |
| Get the (current) offset for building temporary registers. | |
| int4 | getPayloadId (int4 type, const string &nm) const |
| Map name and type to the payload id. More... | |
| InjectPayload * | getPayload (int4 id) const |
| Get the InjectPayload by id. | |
| string | getCallFixupName (int4 injectid) const |
| Get the call-fixup name associated with an id. More... | |
| string | getCallOtherTarget (int4 injectid) const |
| Get the callother-fixup name associated with an id. More... | |
| string | getCallMechanismName (int4 injectid) const |
| Get the call mechanism name associated with an id. More... | |
| int4 | restoreXmlInject (const string &src, const string &nm, int4 tp, const Element *el) |
| Read in and register an injection payload from an XML stream. More... | |
| virtual void | restoreDebug (const Element *el) |
| A method for reading in p-code generated externally for use in debugging. More... | |
Additional Inherited Members | |
| Protected Member Functions inherited from PcodeInjectLibrary | |
| void | registerCallFixup (const string &fixupName, int4 injectid) |
| Map a call-fixup name to a payload id. More... | |
| void | registerCallOtherFixup (const string &fixupName, int4 injectid) |
| Map a callother-fixup name to a payload id. More... | |
| void | registerCallMechanism (const string &fixupName, int4 injectid) |
| Map a call mechanism name to a payload id. More... | |
| void | registerExeScript (const string &scriptName, int4 injectid) |
| Map a p-code script name to a payload id. More... | |
| Protected Attributes inherited from PcodeInjectLibrary | |
| Architecture * | glb |
| The Architecture to which the injection payloads apply. | |
| uintb | tempbase |
| Offset within unique space for allocating temporaries within a payload. | |
| vector< InjectPayload * > | injection |
| Registered injections. | |
| map< string, int4 > | callFixupMap |
| Map of registered call-fixup names to injection id. | |
| map< string, int4 > | callOtherFixupMap |
| Map of registered callother-fixup names to injection id. | |
| map< string, int4 > | callMechFixupMap |
| Map of registered mechanism names to injection id. | |
| map< string, int4 > | scriptMap |
| Map of registered script names to ExecutablePcode id. | |
| vector< string > | callFixupNames |
| Map from injectid to call-fixup name. | |
| vector< string > | callOtherTarget |
| Map from injectid to callother-fixup target-op name. | |
| vector< string > | callMechTarget |
| Map from injectid to call-mech name. | |
| vector< string > | scriptNames |
| Map from injectid to script name. | |
A p-code injection library that uses a Ghidra client to generate/compile the injection p-code.
The InjectPayload objects produced by this library are just placeholders (see InjectPayloadGhidra). At the time of injection, final p-code is generated by the Ghidra client.
|
virtual |
Get the array of op-code behaviors for initializing and emulator.
Behaviors are pulled from the underlying architecture in order to initialize the Emulate object which services the p-code script payloads.
Implements PcodeInjectLibrary.
|
inlinevirtual |
Retrieve a reusable context object for this library.
The object returned by this method gets passed to the payload inject() method. The clear() method must be called between uses.
Implements PcodeInjectLibrary.
|
virtual |
Manually add a call-fixup payload given a compilable snippet of p-code source.
The snippet is compiled immediately to produce the payload.
| name | is the formal name of the new payload |
| snippetstring | is the compilable snippet of p-code source |
Implements PcodeInjectLibrary.
|
virtual |
Manually add a callother-fixup payload given a compilable snippet of p-code source.
The snippet is compiled immediately to produce the payload. Symbol names for input and output parameters must be provided to the compiler.
| name | is the formal name of the new payload |
| outname | is the name of the output symbol |
| inname | is the ordered list of input symbol names |
| snippet | is the compilable snippet of p-code source |
Implements PcodeInjectLibrary.


2019 June version
D. A. Green
Astrophysics
Group
Cavendish Laboratory
19 J. J. Thomson Avenue
Cambridge CB3 0HE
UNITED KINGDOM
| The documentation for the catalogue. | The summary listings for all 294 SNRs. | |||
| To download a version of the catalogue for printing. | The detailed listings for all 294 SNRs. | |||
| The abbreviations used in the detailed listings. | Frames based browsing of the catalogue. | |||
| A list of other names for Galactic SNRs. |
The documentation and the detailed listings include links to abstracts/papers for almost all references at "The NASA Astrophysics Data System" (ADS).
Please cite the following paper for the summary data from this catalogue:
(Also available are archives of previous versions of this catalogue.)
Copyright © D. A. Green 2019. 34283rd access to this version of the catalogue.


The Canonical Trick Play & Its Punishment
You can download all of the SGFs used in this post here. I use Sabaki as my editor, which features some extra blings on the game tree. So, in order to extract the most from my SGFs, I advise you to use it too. Don't forget to donate to the Sabaki project too!
This wasn't supposed to be this long. I wanted it to be a simple post,
a short English version of a tiny video I was going to post in
Portuguese for
I'm at least 1 dan on most Go servers, so I do have some authority, if you care about these things. Nonetheless, I try to expose my rationel throughout the article, and I'm always open to feedback.
In the next section, I'll expose the digested version of all the sequences, but all of them are in the main SGF accompanying this post. You can also dive deep into the rabbit hole, if you wish, by going through all of the collected references, listed in the last section.
Interestingly enough, some pros have played this move, and the games are searchable through Waltheri's Go Pattern Search. Nevertheless, more surprisingly, even Shusaku has faced this pattern in one of his games; and, even more astonishing, is that he seems to have subscribed to the supposedly more correct punishment.
Andrew Simons also points out that the more correct punishment was known even before the AI era. And AIs nowadays even go as far as to rank the descent as worse than the hane itself.
I do appreciate feedback, even though there's no comment section on my
website. All you need to do is either message me on one of the
plethora of social networks I'm a part of, or simply offer a comment
or contribution on
The trick play in question comes from one of the first josekis most people learn, shown in Diagram 1.
Interestingly enough, what I'm calling a trick play is actually also
called a mistakeA
, in Diagram 2.
There are many options on how to react for White, mostly ranging from
B
to E
; tenuking is usually not one of them,
since taking the corner or having the either B
or
E
is quite big.
B
would evolve into a typical 3-3 invasion, as seen in
Diagram 3. This would clearly be inferior to the joseki shown
previously, in Diagram 1 — it's worth mentioning that
this type of loss is not the end of the world, most mistakes are
actually made during the middle game anyway
E
seems to be not so unlikely, due to White's stone on
the left, but Black's shape after C
in
Diagram 3 is very good. White will probably crawl on the
second line in order to live, as in Diagram 4.
To my surprise, when evaluating the variation in
Diagram 4 with Leela
All that's left for White now is, then, to either C
or
D
, in Diagram 2.
C
is what basically everyone learns as a DDK or high SDK,
despite it being quite the weird shape. It does work, but the question
remains: is it really the best White can do? Or: is this all even a
trick-punish ordeal or a (more or less) new joseki? Those are
assessments you will have to decide for yourself, but I do
believe most "reasonable" sequences are way more even than most
players want to acknowledge.
Let's dive a bit deeper into C
first.
The reason C
has become such a staple of a trick play is
that E
in Diagram 2 then becomes fairly easy to
do, and White successfully captures a big corner, as seen in
Diagram 5.
There are many ways of showing that Black's situation becomes quite
hopeless after Q18
in Diagram 5, and I'm not
going to show all of them, but Diagram 6 and
Diagram 7 should be able to illustrate two other important
ways of finishing the position for White.
The thing is... the descent as a play has induced a generation of
players to fall for two mistakes making a right, in my opinion. The
cut at E
in Diagram 2 doesn't seem to work, but
the descent looks even weirder. However, when Black realizes its cut
was a mistake, the sequence comes back into something more grounded in
reality. A simple connection puts Black in a position where it has
quite the thick wall, as seen in Diagram 8.
This wall is very thick, it's even thicker than most enclosure
josekis. Even though A
doesn't fully connect to the stone
on the left, it's not as if other enclosure josekis didn't have their
fair share of problems either. The banal enclosure joseki at the
bottom of Diagram 9 features glaring weaknesses around
B
and C
, for instance. In the new pattern,
even if Black doesn't fully enclose — which is seen in the next
section, in a pro game, by the way —, Black still has
D
available, to form a base for the stone at the top.
Leela actually rates the situations in Diagram 8 and Diagram 10 as very slightly better for Black, in fact. Considering the descent was supposed to be a punishment, I would say White has failed.
Another way through which Black could enclose White, seen in Diagram 10, is what most other players have suggested as the main sequence for disproving the descent as the punishment to the trick play.
However, I think the cleanest example to debunk the descent is actually Diagram 11, which is also what's shown on Sensei's Library, and is exactly what Leela suggests. Black gets a very thick and clean shape from the tiger's mouth.
An extra variation, which is one of Leela's favorite sequences on this topic and also what's shown on OGS's josekipedia, is shown in Diagram 12 below.
Now, I hope we can move on to move D
, the hane, from
Diagram 2.
The most important, at least initially, sequence which differentiates
the descent from the hane is the final shape after Black's connection.
It should be clear to most dan players that the shape in
Diagram 13 is much stronger than White connecting at
C
— I'm sorry to weaker players, but this is a
discussion you'll have to seek elsewhere.
One way of convincing yourself that Diagram 13 offers better
shape than the descent is to use a little tewari. If a cut
like in Diagram 13a breaks out, White will not need to answer
locally a move like A
, when in comparison to
Diagram 13, where it would have warranted a capture
otherwise.
Black can try to resist, but the end result won't look nice, as seen
in Diagram 14. The A
stone in
Diagram 14 is severely damaged; Black has poor shape, and
hasn't even captured the White stones to the center-right.
In terms of resistance, the best Black can hope for is using his
stones to force White's enclosure — which is seen in at least 2
pro games, from Walther's Pattern Search —, as in
Diagram 15. Black can and should probably fix its wall with a
tiger's mouth, to protect both B
and C
at
the same time; and White will have sente to diminish the effect of the
wall.
White's corner is considerably bigger now, Black will have to overcome a komi of 10+ points henceforth. It might not seem to make a huge difference to most, but, at least to my 1 dan brain, White's shape in Diagram 15 is at least one order of magnitude better than in Diagram 10, whatever that means. Leela thinks in a similar fashion — even despite Diagram 10 being under the whims of a ladder! —, Diagram 10 is rated at around 50±5%, while Diagram 15 hovers around 85% for White, which might finally fit the requirements for a trick play punishment.
This weird direction of play from Black isn't really all that weird after having witnessed some of the recent AI josekis, though, is it?
Black could offer a lot of resistance if there's a little bit of reinforcement in the area. Diagram 16 shows how a single stone can change the outcome completely.
If Black has a stone to the side, as in Diagram 16, it is wiser to revert back to a 3-3 invasion, like Diagram 17. In fact, it's likely the optimal choice, since it makes Black's original stone on the side way less efficient than desired. Curiously, this is what Tono Hiroaki 9p played against Cho Chikun 9p in 1991, mentioned in the next section.
The discussion on the hane actually doesn't end optimally with
Diagram 15, at least not according to most of the pros who
prefer the hane. Most references point the hane plus clamp as the most
likely optimal play for both sides, as in Diagram 18.
A
for B
is aji-keshi, a bad
exchange for Black. Pros seem to think this is enough of a punishment,
but I'll let you decide: isn't this discussion the epitome of the road
being more important than the destination: such a long-winded
discussion to end up with a "minimal" aji-keshi solution?!
Lastly, I would like to mention that Leela offers way more complicated solutions to this problem, most of which are way above my pay grade. In general, though it prefers something of the form seen in Diagram 15, without the forced enclosure sacrifice. As usual with AIs, there are many loose enclosures and tenukis.
But before we move on with our lives...
White's move 6
on Diagram 18 could actually have
been more severe. However, it only works badly for Black if White has
the ladder, as shown on Diagram 19 below.
And, as a final comment, thanks to user aesalon_go on Reddit, KataGo prefers an unexpected tiger's mouth against the more proper hane, as in Diagram 20.
The main benefit from KataGo's S15
is being able to
drastically reduce White's eye space, as shown in
Diagram 20a. This will probably be sente.
This is a cut I'm analyzing on my own, using Leela as a crutch and confirmation tool. I think the overall results make sense, but, as always, I'm open to feedback.
One final variation that bugged me out quite a bit is the cut after a kosumi in the descent variations, which is shown below, in Diagram 21.
Black could have reverted the course to more normal variations by
playing, in Diagram 21, 3
at 4
,
but, after White 2
, Leela also sees Black
3
as the only option.
Black is still worse here, at least globally. My first intuition was to give Black the corner while squashing from the outside, and that's exactly what Leela thought as optimal, which is shown in Diagram 22.
The closest I got to finding a successful professional use of this trick play is within a game between Kang Dongyun and Lee Jaeung, back in 2007, when they were both 5p. Lee Jaeung 7p, at move 24, uses this pattern to both enclose — sort of — the corner and switch to developing the left side, something which wouldn't have been possible with more standard josekis in this case, I don't think — anyway, it looks quite creative and scrappy.
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Apparently, one of the pros, namely Tono Hiroaki 9p, in 1991, fell for the trap and got a smaller territory than he should. Or did he? White's stone on the side makes the 3-3 invasion more efficient than expected, as discussed in the previous section. His opponent was Cho Chikun 9p, and this "trick play" was likely a favorite of his, because he played it at least 3 times:
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One of Cho Chikun 9p's games is suggested as a blooper in Sensei's Library. In it, he plays the supposed trick play against Otake Hideo 9p, gets countered with the hane, and then sets up a ladder that doesn't work, the typical pro play, you know. A gigantic, doomed to fail, fight ensues and Cho Chikun 9p loses:
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Another worthwhile game to mention is
Shusaku's against Wada Kintaro
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As previously said, I welcome criticism and feedback, so, if you have a new reference or more material on this topic, just contact me.
Here is a curated list of the relevant references — the numbering below does not reflect any hierarchy at all —:
- Reddit — Does anyone have a link to an article of a pro commenting on this "trick" play?
- Uberdude85's response on Life in 19x19
- Waltheri's Pattern Search for this trick play
- tchan001's Post on Life in 19x19
- TheBlackStone's Post on Life in 19x19
- Sensei's Library page on the joseki this comes from
- Yukigami's post on this trick play
- Shusaku's Game with this Trick Play (tchann001's find)
- Guo Juan's post/comment section on this trick play on Facebook
- Go Bloopers at Sensei's Library
- A post on Reddit with feedback for this article
- OGS' Josekipedia does include the more correct refutation for the trick play


About Me
Hello! I'm Adam Yarris, a 18-year-old programmer and Eagle Scout from New Hampshire. I've been programming as a hobby for around 6 years, devoting nearly all of my time to development of software and tools, some being more serious than others.
I try and make learning software development easy for others by helping them in various forums and Discord servers, and engaging others in programming.
Experience
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{{experience['description']}}
Projects
I have many completed projects in most languages I know, however most of them are private and/or commissioned, or are currently being worked on.
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{{project['description']}}


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--- layout: sidescroll title: Gallery - EX NIHILO ---
Unlike the typical architectural project, EX NIHILO offered an opportunity to defy any normal restrictions that the
material reality enforced and dive deep into the world of virtual design. Enclosed within the peculiar shell is a
cyclical journey with no definitive end. First, choose one of the three points of entry; then choose a direction to
follow. Either way your path will reveal the wonderful creations our artists have produced.
Each of the three spaces is designed to be reminiscent of a typical museum experience with distorted features that
remind you of the details of a tangible gallery. Perhaps you might visit the washroom first and get flushed down to
the ceramic center where paintings are tiled into the walls. Or maybe you will pass through the cloakroom: a forest
of fabric surfaces that manipulate your view of the suspended figurative artwork. Alternatively, the reception
obscures your sense of perspective and immerses you into an audio ambiance.
And then déjà vu. You return to the point of entry from which you started your journey.


Hide Canvas Parameters
Width of canvas:
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Force between nodes:
Radius of each node:
Distance between connected nodes:
Hide this section When enabled, copy-paste `Nodes and Links` to these boxes and tool draw them on canvas. When disabled, be sure that your JavaScript code fills up `graph` variable. For example: graph = { nodes: [] , links: [] }; Disable manual entry
`graph`
graph = { nodes: [] , links: [] };
graph.nodes =
graph.links =


Graphic arts and web design have been hobbies of mine since 1997, I did desktop publishing and HTML starting in 2001, WordPress and CSS starting in 2004, SASS/Less since 2015, SEO and online marketing since 2011, and specialized advertising and mobile app design over the last three years.
While at a la mode I enjoyed leading teams while in several departments over my 8.5 year tenure, but my final position had me over five other web designers handling escalated issues and taking special care of upset clients. I also taught daily webinars to our clients focusing on improvement, marketing, and blogging which was both fun and a career highlight.
My position at Innov8tive for 3 years had me mixing with different skills. We had print media, trade show swag, shop signage, web graphics and ad publications for several clients in addition to web and app interface designs and development. We used Agile/Scrum collaboration tools and techniques to coordinate on fast paced projects across verticals.
My references at Innov8tive may be able to provide additional details about my work that I haven't been able to share on my Google Drive due to client NDAs. My LinkedIn profile also contains additional details about my work history. I'd also appreciate any feedback you may have, as I value your perspectives.
Quick Summary: HTML, CSS3 (SASS/LESS), jQuery, Angular5 (Frontend), Git/Node, Agile/Scrum, WordPress, Shopify, BigCommerce, Adobe Creative Suite, Sketch, Proto.io, Google Analytics, Growth Marketing, Public Speaking
I've worked on web design and graphic arts at least as a hobby going back to 1997 building up experience with various languages, tools, and best practices. Most website work was done via CSS/SASS/Less or other precompilers when possible or in a content management program when it was more efficient to do so (especially if clients intended to handle content management themselves). Graphic design experience has been almost exclusively with Adobe Creative Suite products and included desktop publishing, vehicle wraps, web banners, print media, and decorative illustrations.
A major highlight from my past experience includes the 8.5 years spent at a la mode, inc. establishing a website customization service for their clients and teaching customer-facing live webinars on a variety of topics such as inbound marketing, social media, search engine tactics, and analytics. Over this tenure I developed public speaking skills and worked directly with clients for one-on-one consultations to help improve satisfaction with our products. I also produced video content into a self-service library that clients could review outside of our provided consultations.
Another highlight has been three years with Innov8tive creating print and web ad media, logos, web design projects, mobile and web app prototypes, vehicle wraps and social media graphics. Overall, the position taught me about how large client projects are managed and working under AGILE and SCRUM teamwork roles with scheduled sprints, deadlines, and delivering reviewables to clients in stages.
Additional skills I'd like to develop in the future would include photography, improved video editing including animations and storyboarding, and additional creative writing or copywriting for marketing purposes.
Corporate Technology Officer: Innov8tive, LLC.
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>•
405.641.3189
Tech Evangelist: Innov8tive
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>•
405.226.3248
Product Manager: a la mode, inc.
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>•
405.202.1382
VP of Appraiser Advocacy: a la mode, inc.
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>•
405.406.5301
Innov8tive, LLC.
Nov 2015 – Oct 2018
Innov8tive offers managed IT services, data management, hosting, software development, websites, and staff augmentation. If a client needs a web or mobile app, print or web ads, trade show swag, social media graphics, or other visual media then that's where I came in. Common advertising clients included a high end furniture store, high end clothing store, local construction contractor, neighborhood home owners association, and a few other small, local businesses.
With regards to software development jobs, often I'd work with other developers where I'd coordinate internally regarding how the project should be structured and create mockups or a semi-functional prototype as a proof of concept for client review, incorporate any of their feedback, and then assist the backend and service layer devs with any assets they need to recreate that look in our chosen platform. Clients of this sort included a large chain manufacturer seeking software automation and health care providers who needed tools to manage some aspect of their workflow.
a la mode, inc.
Feb 2007 – Oct 2015 - 8 yrs. 9 mos.
Nov 2011 – Oct 2015 - 4 yrs.
In November of 2011 I shifted from technical to design and consulting on a customer-facing basis. This involved discussing client needs and creating a web design project that suits those needs. Secondary duties include teaching webinars regarding how to maintain their new web infrastructure and how to monitor the analytical portion of the dashboard, phone-based one-on-one advice consultations, creating training materials such as videos and documentation, and social media marketing. I'd also work closely with sales to keep satisfaction high.
a la mode's real estate division became Pipeline ROI in November of 2014 to specialize in comprehensive inbound marketing platforms. The design consultation would create the face of a real estate agent's or broker's brand and then we would coach them on lead generation, management, and nurturing including daily video webinars and one-on-one phone appointments. At first I was the only person in this division but it eventually grew to a team of six with me as the senior handling escalated issues from the others as well as still hosting daily webinars and one-on-one consultations.
When the Pipeline ROI division's structure changed and it was absorbed back into a la mode and downsized I was not retained as an employee.
Nov 2009 – Nov 2011 - 2 yrs.
In November of 2009, still with a la mode, Inc., I was promoted to Sr. Tech, specializing in our website product line and e-mail services. In these cases I’d combine customer communication with either remote assistance (if the issue was specific to their computer) or independent fixes or coordinating with development or QA (if the issue appeared to be on our end). I also continued working on our IDX/MLS help department from my previous position during this time.
Feb 2007 – Nov 2009 - 2 yrs. 10 mos.
At the beginning of my career with a la mode my entry-level position was to handle inbound and outbound technical support calls related to a la mode’s appraisal form-filling software. Troubleshooting varied from Windows problems, software diagnostics, or handling general product knowledge questions. After several months on the job, a la mode recognized that my expertise was better suited for handling support of their real estate websites, aiding in domain and DNS questions, web page construction, search engine optimization, and other ways to aid customers with their web presence. I was moved to the internet support team.
In March of 2008, my responsibilities were expanded to include being the representative in charge of “IDX Support”, which specializes in helping real estate agents link up to their local MLS (Multiple Listing Service) to add property listings and search content to their websites. I worked mostly independently on this project using primarily e-mail correspondence between myself, the customers, development, and our legal staff requiring good written communication skills. Managing the policy agreements and contacting the local boards to discuss integration as well as aiding in the setup and customer feedback were my responsibility. During this time I remained on the phone lines for tech support and therefore had to juggle two job titles simultaneously.
IKON Office Solutions
Oct 2003 – Feb 2007 - 3 yrs. 5 mos.
As a Field Service Representative for this office document services and help desk/IT company it was my duty to transfer to other sites to fulfill vacancies left by ill or absent employees and fill their roles fluidly. With four different help desk sites, each with different procedures and responsibilities, my duties changed daily based upon my location. This required me to familiarize myself with a variety of locations, equipment, and staff as well as different scopes of work for each site. It was also my responsibility to bring new hires up to par with the existing staff and offer additional training as needed.
FedEx Office
Sep 2001 – Oct 2003 - 2 yrs. 2 mos.
My primary duties were operating the copy machines and organizing customer jobs. Other job responsibilities included handling digital orders as well as document manipulation and sign shop duties using programs such as Adobe Photoshop, PageMaker, Illustrator, Acrobat, Macromedia Freehand, and Microsoft Office. Aside from the extensive machine- and computer-related tasks I also took responsibility of familiarizing new employees with the more advanced aspects of document production and point-of-service training. In October of 2002, I took over as “graveyard shift” for the weekends, working alone around tight deadlines and in situations in which I had to rely on my abilities and work resourcefully.


{% extends 'base.html' %} {% block title %}Experimental Census Boundary API{% endblock title %} {% block content %}
As an experimental service, we are providing an API which can identify the Census geographies which contain a given point (latitude/longitude). We have not done substantial performance benchmarking with this service, and reserve the right to impose access restrictions or disable the service completely if Boundary Location API requests adversely impact the performance of other aspects of the Census.IRE.org application.
As with other areas of this application, a limited subset of Census geographies are supported, specifically: state, county, county subdivision, place, and census tract.
With the boundary and GeoID data returned from this service, one can subsequently retrieve all Census SF-1 data for the given shape using our JSON data API.
Given a GeoID, the GeoJSON for the corresponding geography can easily be retrieved. The GeoID must be qualified by the geography type. The basic format for the URL is http://{{ settings.GEO_API_ROOT }}/1.0/boundary-set/geography-type/geoid
The available types are:
For example, to get the boundary of the state of Illinois, use http://{{ settings.GEO_API_ROOT }}/1.0/boundary-set/states/17
, or for the city of Chicago, use http://{{ settings.GEO_API_ROOT }}/1.0/boundary-set/places/1714000
The fundamental query exposed by the Boundary Service is a point-in-polygon search by latitude and longitude. Here is an example:
http://{{ settings.GEO_API_ROOT }}/1.0/boundary/?contains=38.948337,-92.328032&sets=tracts,counties
This will return the census tract and county which contain the IRE central office.
Note: In addition to the contains
parameter we also pass the sets
parameter to constrain the query. Where possible, please use this parameter to limit your queries to only the data you need so your queries will be performant. Valid values for sets
are one or more of the following:
The near query finds all Boundaries that intersect a circle of a specified radius using a given point as its center:
http://{{ settings.GEO_API_ROOT }}/1.0/boundary/?near=38.948337,-92.328032,1mi&sets=tracts
This returns all wards within one mile of the IRE central office. The radius parameter may be specified in any units supported by GeoDjango.
Note: This query will execute more slowly than the point query.
For use in client-side applications the Boundary Service API may be accessed via JSONP. Simply append the format
and callback
parameters to the query string:
http://{{ settings.GEO_API_ROOT }}/1.0/boundary/?contains=38.948337,-92.328032&sets=tracts&format=jsonp&callback=func
If performance is critical, or should we find it necessary to limit access to this API, it should be relatively straightforward to set up your own boundary service. The code is open-source, and can be downloaded from https://github.com/newsapps/django-boundaryservice
. The "definitions" file we use, which is required by the Boundary Service code, can be downloaded from the IRE Census Github repository.


Split a column into tokens using the tokenizers package, splitting the table into one-token-per-row. This function supports non-standard evaluation through the tidyeval framework.
unnest_tokens(tbl, output, input, token = "words", format = c("text", "man", "latex", "html", "xml"), to_lower = TRUE, drop = TRUE, collapse = NULL, ...)
| tbl | A data frame |
|---|---|
| output | Output column to be created as string or symbol. |
| input | Input column that gets split as string or symbol. The output/input arguments are passed by expression and support quasiquotation; you can unquote strings and symbols. |
| token | Unit for tokenizing, or a custom tokenizing function. Built-in options are "words" (default), "characters", "ngrams", "skip_ngrams", "sentences", "lines", "paragraphs", and "regex". If a function, should take a character vector and return a list of character vectors of the same length. |
| format | Either "text", "man", "latex", "html", or "xml". If not text, this uses the hunspell tokenizer, and can tokenize only by "word" |
| to_lower | Whether to turn column lowercase. |
| drop | Whether original input column should get dropped. Ignored if the original input and new output column have the same name. |
| collapse | Whether to combine text with newlines first in case tokens (such as sentences or paragraphs) span multiple lines. If NULL, collapses when token method is "ngrams", "skip_ngrams", "sentences", "lines", "paragraphs", or "regex". |
| ... | Extra arguments passed on to the tokenizer, such as |
If the unit for tokenizing is ngrams, skip_ngrams, sentences, lines, paragraphs, or regex, the entire input will be collapsed together before tokenizing.
If format is anything other than "text", this uses the
hunspell_parse
tokenizer instead of the tokenizers package.
This does not yet have support for tokenizing by any unit other than words.
#> # A tibble: 13,030 x 1 #> txt #> <chr> #> 1 PRIDE AND PREJUDICE #> 2 "" #> 3 By Jane Austen #> 4 "" #> 5 "" #> 6 "" #> 7 Chapter 1 #> 8 "" #> 9 "" #> 10 It is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possession #> # ... with 13,020 more rowsd %>% unnest_tokens(word, txt)#> # A tibble: 122,204 x 1 #> word #> <chr> #> 1 pride #> 2 and #> 3 prejudice #> 4 by #> 5 jane #> 6 austen #> 7 chapter #> 8 1 #> 9 it #> 10 is #> # ... with 122,194 more rowsd %>% unnest_tokens(sentence, txt, token = "sentences")#> # A tibble: 7,066 x 1 #> sentence #> <chr> #> 1 pride and prejudice by jane austen chapter 1 it is a truth universall… #> 2 however little known the feelings or views of such a man may be on his firs… #> 3 "\"my dear mr." #> 4 "bennet,\" said his lady to him one day, \"have you heard that netherfield … #> 5 mr. #> 6 bennet replied that he had not. #> 7 "\"but it is,\" returned she; \"for mrs." #> 8 "long has just been here, and she told me all about it.\"" #> 9 mr. #> 10 bennet made no answer. #> # ... with 7,056 more rowsd %>% unnest_tokens(ngram, txt, token = "ngrams", n = 2)#> # A tibble: 122,203 x 1 #> ngram #> <chr> #> 1 pride and #> 2 and prejudice #> 3 prejudice by #> 4 by jane #> 5 jane austen #> 6 austen chapter #> 7 chapter 1 #> 8 1 it #> 9 it is #> 10 is a #> # ... with 122,193 more rowsd %>% unnest_tokens(ngram, txt, token = "skip_ngrams", n = 4, k = 2)#> # A tibble: 366,594 x 1 #> ngram #> <chr> #> 1 pride by chapter is #> 2 and jane 1 a #> 3 prejudice austen it truth #> 4 by chapter is universally #> 5 jane 1 a acknowledged #> 6 austen it truth that #> 7 chapter is universally a #> 8 1 a acknowledged single #> 9 it truth that man #> 10 is universally a in #> # ... with 366,584 more rowsd %>% unnest_tokens(chapter, txt, token = "regex", pattern = "Chapter [\\d]")#> # A tibble: 62 x 1 #> chapter #> <chr> #> 1 "pride and prejudice\n\nby jane austen\n\n\n\n" #> 2 "\n\n\nit is a truth universally acknowledged, that a single man in possess… #> 3 "\n\n\nmr. bennet was among the earliest of those who waited on mr. bingley… #> 4 "\n\n\nnot all that mrs. bennet, however, with the assistance of her five\n… #> 5 "\n\n\nwhen jane and elizabeth were alone, the former, who had been cautiou… #> 6 "\n\n\nwithin a short walk of longbourn lived a family with whom the bennet… #> 7 "\n\n\nthe ladies of longbourn soon waited on those of netherfield. the vis… #> 8 "\n\n\nmr. bennet's property consisted almost entirely in an estate of two\… #> 9 "\n\n\nat five o'clock the two ladies retired to dress, and at half-past si… #> 10 "\n\n\nelizabeth passed the chief of the night in her sister's room, and in… #> # ... with 52 more rows#> # A tibble: 124,032 x 1 #> word #> <chr> #> 1 pride #> 2 and #> 3 prejudice #> 4 "" #> 5 by #> 6 jane #> 7 austen #> 8 "" #> 9 "" #> 10 "" #> # ... with 124,022 more rows# tokenize HTML h <- data_frame(row = 1:2, text = c("
Text is", "here")) h %>% unnest_tokens(word, text, format = "html")#> # A tibble: 3 x 2 #> row word #> <int> <chr> #> 1 1 text #> 2 1 is #> 3 2 here