Wonder what's with Ghosts?
We don't know a lot about ghosts. In fact, a number of the ghost facts you can find online discuss how a ghost is feeling, why they do what they do, and what they enjoy. No one knows this for sure. Here are some facts we do know for sure.
* Ghosts can interact with their environment, moving objects, manifesting in areas, making sounds, or even speaking and conversing at low decibel levels.
* Spirits can also appear on film and video. Their manifestations can be recorded via either film or digital imagery techniques, but clear photos and videos are hard to capture. People will rarely see ghosts outside of pictures and video.
* All they generally want is attention, and ghosts rarely cause harm to a person. Recorded attacks against a living human do exist, but most ghosts interact with the surrounding environment to get out attention and avoid violent actions.
* A ghost tends to change the temperature of a room, making it colder, and rarely, hotter, than it was. This is used by ghost hunters to identify when a ghost has entered a room. It is not known whether this is a natural reaction to their presence, or if they just want to feel more comfortable.
* Ghosts can be tracked using and EMF meter, a detector used to measure electric fields.
* Want to speak with a ghost. Ask questions using a digital recorder. They often answer at low decibel levels, which you can hear during a playback at higher volumes. These are known as EPVs.


Reactions
Reactions is a javascript (node and browser) library based around the
Reaction
function (context, done)
and Done
function (error, result)
For general purpose async helpers see caolan/async - An active project with good documentation
Reaction.fn & Reaction.make
Reactions.fn
contains functions operating on Reaction functions and accepting initial context and done. For example
Reactions.fn.parallel(arrayOfReactions, context, done);
while Reactions.make
provide functions doing partial execution of the Reactions.fn ones.
The result of the partial execution matches the Reaction function signature:
var compositeReaction = Reactions.make.parallel(arrayOfReactions)
compositeReaction(context, done);
Note: Reactions.make
is automatically generated from Reactions.fn
with the expectation
that the last two arguments of all functions are context and done.


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PHOTOS: Patients pelt doctors with snowballs, all for BC Children’s Hospital
by Black Press Media StaffPatients and doctors at BC Children’s Hospital got into a little bit of a tussle on Tuesday as they launched an online fundraiser.
The snowball fight was to raise funds for the annual Snowball Fight for Kids Campaign.
Anyone can take part in the campaign from Nov. 19, 2019 through Jan. 6, 2020, which is as easy as making an online donation at snowballfightforkids.ca. Each donation made represents a virtual snowball thrown.
Photos courtesy of BC Children’s Hospital.


I'm an Android and Full Stack web developer. Currently Studying at BIET college IS dept. I 🧡 Coding👨🏽💻 and Ofcourse Gaming🎮
As a Android App developer i can develop native apps on kotlin and i know cross platform development with React Native and especially in Flutter. Head over to my Github to view some of my projects on these.
I have a decent hold on Frontend(html, css & js), Backend(MySQL, MongoDB, Nodejs). From which any type of beautiful sites can be developed. Check out some of the Beautiful Sites I have made in Github
Need any help regarding above mentioned fields? feel free to drop a message to me, would be happy to help.
CONTACT ME


| createTask {openMpp} | R Documentation |
Create new modeling task: named set of multiple model inputs
createTask(dbCon, defRs, taskTxt = NA, setIds = NA)
dbCon |
database connection |
defRs |
model definition: database rows describing model input parameters and output tables |
taskTxt |
if not NA then modeling task text data frame:
|
setIds |
if not NA then modeling task inputs: vector of integer id's of workset (workset: working set of model input parameters) It is possible to supply single integer workset id or data frame with $set_id vector |
Using this createTask
call you can create new modeling task with (optional) text data (name, description, or notes)
and (optional) input working set(s). You can create empty task without any input working sets or text data
and later update it by updateTask
.
Modeling task is named set of model inputs and contains name and vector of model workset id's.
Please see createWorkset
for mode details about workset (workset: working set of model input parameters).
Modeling task is a convinient way to bundle together multiple inputs of the model. After task created you can run the model with specifing task name or task id and model will iterate through task input worksets and produce output result for each of those inputs.
Return id of new modeling task or 0L on error
To run examples you must have modelOne database modelOne.sqlite in current directory
amc1999
OpenM++ documentation: https://github.com/openmpp/openmpp.github.io/wiki
getModel
getTaskIdByName
updateTask
# # name, description and notes for new modeling task # name MUST be unique # myTaskTxt <- data.frame( name = "myTask", lang = c("EN", "FR"), descr = c("my first modeling task", "description in French"), note = c("this is a test task and include two model input data sets with id 2 and 4", NA), stringsAsFactors = FALSE ) theDb <- dbConnect(RSQLite::SQLite(), "modelOne.sqlite", synchronous = "full") invisible(dbGetQuery(theDb, "PRAGMA busy_timeout = 86400")) # recommended # get model by name: use such call if you have only one version of the model defRs <- getModel(theDb, "modelOne") # create new task with two input data set_id = c(2, 4) taskId <- createTask(theDb, defRs, myTaskTxt, c(2, 4)) if (taskId <= 0L) stop("task creation failed: ", defRs$modelDic$model_name, " ", defRs$modelDic$model_digest) dbDisconnect(theDb) # # you can run the model now with new modeling task: # modelOne -OpenM.TaskName myTask #


Custom Language Support
IntelliJ Platform is a powerful platform for building development tools targeting any language. Most of IDE features consist of language-independent and language-specific parts, and you can support a particular feature for your language with a small amount of effort: you just need to implement the language-specific part, and the language-independent part is provided for you by the platform.
This part of the documentation will explain the main concepts of the Language API and will guide you through the sequence of steps which are usually required to develop a custom language plugin. You can obtain additional information about the Language API from the JavaDoc comments for the Language API classes and from the source code of the Properties language support, which is part of the IntelliJ IDEA Community Edition source code.
If you prefer a full example to the detailed description offered on this page, please check out a step-by-step tutorial how to define custom language support on example of “.properties” files: Custom Language Support Tutorial
Providing custom language support includes the following major steps:
- Registering File Type
- Implementing Lexer
- Implementing Parser and PSI
- Syntax Highlighting and Error Highlighting
- References and Resolve
- Code Completion
- Find Usages
- Rename Refactoring
- Safe Delete Refactoring
- Code Formatter
- Code Inspections and Intentions
- Structure View
- Surround With
- Go to Class and Go to Symbol
- Documentation
- Additional Minor Features
Please ask questions or suggest missing topics in plugin development forum.


| Branding | |
| Who: Start: Finish: |
Branding Months and months |
Key Points to Remember:
|
| Glance | |
| Who: Start: Finish: |
Weeks |
Key Points to Remember:
|
| Compliance | |
| Who: Start: Finish: |
Compliance Order |
Key Points to Remember:
|
|
|
TPri sint detracto singulis at. Mel solum doctus ne. Erant zril affert ad ius, sint labore vim cu. Facer tation mandamus eam |
| At-A-Glance | |
| Who: Start: Finish: |
PM and PLM Weeks |
Key Points to Remember:
|
| Pricing | |
| Who: Start: Finish: |
Testing this tab 10 weeks before product intro 4 weeks before product intro |
| Process |
| Publish At-A-Glance | |
| Who: Start: Finish: |
Team Weekend |
Key Points to Remember:
|
|
|
| Engaging Services | |
| Who: Start: Finish: |
Services Months |
Key Points to Remember:
|
| Orderability Readiness At-A-Glance | |
| Who: Start: Finish: |
Servics Orderability |
Key Points to Remember:
|


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Book your next trip while checking out. Explore a new destination or revisit your favorites.


projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts
Properties |
|
constructor(json?: Partial
|
||||||
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:229
|
||||||
|
Parameters :
|
| Public Optional clearHashAfterLogin |
Default value : true
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:60
|
|
Defines whether to clear the hash fragment after logging in. |
| Public Optional clientId |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:5
|
|
The client's id as registered with the auth server |
| Public Optional clockSkewInSec |
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:222
|
|
The window of time (in seconds) to allow the current time to deviate when validating id_token's iat and exp values. |
| Public Optional customQueryParams |
Type : object
|
Default value : null
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:142
|
|
Map with additional query parameter that are appended to the request when initializing implicit flow. |
| Public Optional disableAtHashCheck |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:183
|
|
This property has been introduced to disable at_hash checks and is indented for Identity Provider that does not deliver an at_hash EVEN THOUGH its recommended by the OIDC specs. Of course, when disabling these checks the we are bypassing a security check which means we are more vulnerable. |
| Public Optional disablePKCE |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:229
|
|
Code Flow is by defauld used together with PKCI which is also higly recommented. You can disbale it here by setting this flag to true. https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-1.1 |
| Public Optional dummyClientSecret |
Type : string
|
Default value : null
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:115
|
|
Some auth servers don't allow using password flow w/o a client secret while the standards do not demand for it. In this case, you can set a password here. As this password is exposed to the public it does not bring additional security and is therefore as good as using no password. |
| Public Optional fallbackAccessTokenExpirationTimeInSec |
Type : number
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:204
|
|
According to rfc6749 it is recommended (but not required) that the auth server exposes the access_token's life time in seconds. This is a fallback value for the case this value is not exposed. |
| Public Optional issuer |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:50
|
|
The issuer's uri. |
| Public Optional jwks |
Type : object
|
Default value : null
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:136
|
|
JSON Web Key Set (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7517) with keys used to validate received id_tokens. This is taken out of the disovery document. Can be set manually too. |
| Public Optional loginUrl |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:22
|
|
The auth server's endpoint that allows to log the user in when using implicit flow. |
| Public Optional logoutUrl |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:55
|
|
The logout url. |
| Public Optional nonceStateSeparator |
Type : string
|
Default value : ';'
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:212
|
|
final state sent to issuer is built as follows: state = nonce + nonceStateSeparator + additional state Default separator is ';' (encoded %3B). In rare cases, this character might be forbidden or inconvenient to use by the issuer so it can be customized. |
| Public Optional oidc |
Default value : true
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:37
|
|
Defines whether to use OpenId Connect during implicit flow. |
| Public Optional openUri |
Default value : () => {...}
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:242
|
|
This property allows you to override the method that is used to open the login url, allowing a way for implementations to specify their own method of routing to new urls. |
| Public Optional options |
Type : any
|
Default value : null
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:45
|
| Public Optional postLogoutRedirectUri |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:16
|
|
An optional second redirectUri where the auth server redirects the user to after logging out. |
| Public Optional redirectUri |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:10
|
|
The client's redirectUri as registered with the auth server |
| Public Optional requestAccessToken |
Default value : true
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:43
|
|
Defines whether to request an access token during implicit flow. |
| Public Optional requireHttps |
Type : boolean | "remoteOnly"
|
Default value : 'remoteOnly'
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:123
|
|
Defines whether https is required. The default value is remoteOnly which only allows http for localhost, while every other domains need to be used with https. |
| Public Optional resource |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:29
|
| Public Optional responseType |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:72
|
| Public Optional rngUrl |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:31
|
| Public Optional scope |
Type : string
|
Default value : 'openid profile'
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:27
|
|
The requested scopes |
| Public Optional sessionCheckIFrameName |
Type : string
|
Default value : 'angular-oauth-oidc-check-session-iframe'
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:174
|
|
Name of the iframe to use for session checks |
| Public Optional sessionCheckIFrameUrl |
Type : string
|
Default value : null
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:169
|
|
Url for the iframe used for session checks |
| Public Optional sessionCheckIntervall |
Default value : 3 * 1000
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:164
|
|
Interval in msec for checking the session according to http://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-session-1_0.html#ChangeNotification |
| Public Optional sessionChecksEnabled |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:158
|
|
If true, the lib will try to check whether the user is still logged in on a regular basis as described in http://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-session-1_0.html#ChangeNotification |
| Public Optional showDebugInformation |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:80
|
|
Defines whether additional debug information should be shown at the console. Note that in certain browsers the verbosity of the console needs to be explicitly set to include Debug level messages. |
| Public Optional silentRefreshIFrameName |
Type : string
|
Default value : 'angular-oauth-oidc-silent-refresh-iframe'
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:144
|
| Public Optional silentRefreshMessagePrefix |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:87
|
| Public Optional silentRefreshRedirectUri |
Type : string
|
Default value : ''
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:85
|
|
The redirect uri used when doing silent refresh. |
| Public Optional silentRefreshShowIFrame |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:93
|
|
Set this to true to display the iframe used for silent refresh for debugging. |
| Public Optional silentRefreshTimeout |
Type : number
|
Default value : 1000 * 20
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:105
|
|
Timeout for silent refresh. |
| Public Optional skipIssuerCheck |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:197
|
|
Defined whether to skip the validation of the issuer in the discovery document. Normally, the discovey document's url starts with the url of the issuer. |
| Public Optional skipSubjectCheck |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:189
|
|
Defines wether to check the subject of a refreshed token after silent refresh. Normally, it should be the same as before. |
| Public Optional strictDiscoveryDocumentValidation |
Default value : true
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:129
|
|
Defines whether every url provided by the discovery document has to start with the issuer's url. |
| Public Optional timeoutFactor |
Type : number
|
Default value : 0.75
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:151
|
|
Defines when the token_timeout event should be raised. If you set this to the default value 0.75, the event is triggered after 75% of the token's life time. |
| Public Optional tokenEndpoint |
Type : string
|
Default value : null
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:65
|
|
Url of the token endpoint as defined by OpenId Connect and OAuth 2. |
| Public Optional useHttpBasicAuth |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:217
|
|
Set this to true to use HTTP BASIC auth for password flow |
| Public Optional useIdTokenHintForSilentRefresh |
Default value : false
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:191
|
| Public Optional userinfoEndpoint |
Type : string
|
Default value : null
|
|
Defined in projects/lib/src/auth.config.ts:70
|
|
Url of the userinfo endpoint as defined by OpenId Connect. |
export class AuthConfig {
/**
* The client's id as registered with the auth server
*/
public clientId? = '';
/**
* The client's redirectUri as registered with the auth server
*/
public redirectUri? = '';
/**
* An optional second redirectUri where the auth server
* redirects the user to after logging out.
*/
public postLogoutRedirectUri? = '';
/**
* The auth server's endpoint that allows to log
* the user in when using implicit flow.
*/
public loginUrl? = '';
/**
* The requested scopes
*/
public scope? = 'openid profile';
public resource? = '';
public rngUrl? = '';
/**
* Defines whether to use OpenId Connect during
* implicit flow.
*/
public oidc? = true;
/**
* Defines whether to request an access token during
* implicit flow.
*/
public requestAccessToken? = true;
public options?: any = null;
/**
* The issuer's uri.
*/
public issuer? = '';
/**
* The logout url.
*/
public logoutUrl? = '';
/**
* Defines whether to clear the hash fragment after logging in.
*/
public clearHashAfterLogin? = true;
/**
* Url of the token endpoint as defined by OpenId Connect and OAuth 2.
*/
public tokenEndpoint?: string = null;
/**
* Url of the userinfo endpoint as defined by OpenId Connect.
*/
public userinfoEndpoint?: string = null;
public responseType? = '';
/**
* Defines whether additional debug information should
* be shown at the console. Note that in certain browsers
* the verbosity of the console needs to be explicitly set
* to include Debug level messages.
*/
public showDebugInformation? = false;
/**
* The redirect uri used when doing silent refresh.
*/
public silentRefreshRedirectUri? = '';
public silentRefreshMessagePrefix? = '';
/**
* Set this to true to display the iframe used for
* silent refresh for debugging.
*/
public silentRefreshShowIFrame? = false;
/**
* Timeout for silent refresh.
* @internal
* depreacted b/c of typo, see silentRefreshTimeout
*/
public siletRefreshTimeout?: number = 1000 * 20;
/**
* Timeout for silent refresh.
*/
public silentRefreshTimeout?: number = 1000 * 20;
/**
* Some auth servers don't allow using password flow
* w/o a client secret while the standards do not
* demand for it. In this case, you can set a password
* here. As this password is exposed to the public
* it does not bring additional security and is therefore
* as good as using no password.
*/
public dummyClientSecret?: string = null;
/**
* Defines whether https is required.
* The default value is remoteOnly which only allows
* http for localhost, while every other domains need
* to be used with https.
*/
public requireHttps?: boolean | 'remoteOnly' = 'remoteOnly';
/**
* Defines whether every url provided by the discovery
* document has to start with the issuer's url.
*/
public strictDiscoveryDocumentValidation? = true;
/**
* JSON Web Key Set (https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7517)
* with keys used to validate received id_tokens.
* This is taken out of the disovery document. Can be set manually too.
*/
public jwks?: object = null;
/**
* Map with additional query parameter that are appended to
* the request when initializing implicit flow.
*/
public customQueryParams?: object = null;
public silentRefreshIFrameName? = 'angular-oauth-oidc-silent-refresh-iframe';
/**
* Defines when the token_timeout event should be raised.
* If you set this to the default value 0.75, the event
* is triggered after 75% of the token's life time.
*/
public timeoutFactor? = 0.75;
/**
* If true, the lib will try to check whether the user
* is still logged in on a regular basis as described
* in http://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-session-1_0.html#ChangeNotification
*/
public sessionChecksEnabled? = false;
/**
* Interval in msec for checking the session
* according to http://openid.net/specs/openid-connect-session-1_0.html#ChangeNotification
*/
public sessionCheckIntervall? = 3 * 1000;
/**
* Url for the iframe used for session checks
*/
public sessionCheckIFrameUrl?: string = null;
/**
* Name of the iframe to use for session checks
*/
public sessionCheckIFrameName? = 'angular-oauth-oidc-check-session-iframe';
/**
* This property has been introduced to disable at_hash checks
* and is indented for Identity Provider that does not deliver
* an at_hash EVEN THOUGH its recommended by the OIDC specs.
* Of course, when disabling these checks the we are bypassing
* a security check which means we are more vulnerable.
*/
public disableAtHashCheck? = false;
/**
* Defines wether to check the subject of a refreshed token after silent refresh.
* Normally, it should be the same as before.
*/
public skipSubjectCheck? = false;
public useIdTokenHintForSilentRefresh? = false;
/**
* Defined whether to skip the validation of the issuer in the discovery document.
* Normally, the discovey document's url starts with the url of the issuer.
*/
public skipIssuerCheck? = false;
/**
* According to rfc6749 it is recommended (but not required) that the auth
* server exposes the access_token's life time in seconds.
* This is a fallback value for the case this value is not exposed.
*/
public fallbackAccessTokenExpirationTimeInSec?: number;
/**
* final state sent to issuer is built as follows:
* state = nonce + nonceStateSeparator + additional state
* Default separator is ';' (encoded %3B).
* In rare cases, this character might be forbidden or inconvenient to use by the issuer so it can be customized.
*/
public nonceStateSeparator? = ';';
/**
* Set this to true to use HTTP BASIC auth for password flow
*/
public useHttpBasicAuth? = false;
/**
* The window of time (in seconds) to allow the current time to deviate when validating id_token's iat and exp values.
*/
public clockSkewInSec?: 600;
/**
* Code Flow is by defauld used together with PKCI which is also higly recommented.
* You can disbale it here by setting this flag to true.
* https://tools.ietf.org/html/rfc7636#section-1.1
*/
public disablePKCE? = false;
constructor(json?: Partial<AuthConfig>) {
if (json) {
Object.assign(this, json);
}
}
/**
* This property allows you to override the method that is used to open the login url,
* allowing a way for implementations to specify their own method of routing to new
* urls.
*/
public openUri?: ((uri: string) => void) = uri => {
location.href = uri;
}
}


In Soiree, you'll find all the reason you need to make an event of it. It's a bold collection of jewelry with a fresh Roux look.
Crystal JewelryDecorative candleholders with gorgeous petina and cast iron welcome plaques.
Home DecorA bold collection that speaks to a charming story. Fine cloth and silk screens make these towels a force in the kitchen.
Hand Towels


{# Nunjucks Templating! Homepage: https://mozilla.github.io/nunjucks/ Docs: https://mozilla.github.io/nunjucks/api.html #} {% extends 'layouts/application.html' %} {% block content %}
| Cow ID | Health Status | Temperature | Activity | Action | Ranch |
| 1 399 | Sick | 38.6 | Low | Needs attention | East Upper |
| 2 395 | Healthy | 38.6 | Normal | Breeding 10 / 11 / 2018 | West Upper |
| 3 445 | Getting Sick | 36.6 | Normal | Needs attention | South Ranch |
| 4 456 | Sick | 40.1 | Low | Needs attention | Field Ranch |
| 5 675 | Sick | 41.1 | Low | Needs attention | West Lower |


Menus appear upon interaction with a button, action, or other control. They display a list of choices, with one choice per line.
Menu items may be disabled if not applicable to a certain context. Contextual menus dynamically change their available menu items based on the current state of the app.
In this example we will show you how to set up a simple menu


Invalid Address faults can happen when a memory address has been stored incorrectly or has been changed by corrupt RAM.
1) Select BrokenApp.exe > Faults > Memory in the Project Pane.
2) In the Faults Pane select "Invalid Address."
3) Verify Failure:
In BrokenApp type a few words, then apply bold to the text by clicking Format > Bold on the menu. BrokenApp quickly crashes without throwing an error.
Investigating the error
We can investigate BrokenApp’s failure many ways, but using the built in reporting feature of Holodeck is the easiest. To create a report right click the Reports node in the Project Pane and select "Create a Report." Holodeck will generate a report on all the processes currently running in this project in an easy to read file, for more information on this feature please see the Reports section of the help documents.
Amongst other things, the API failures of the BrokenApp process are recorded in the "Error Codes Summary Table." To research this failure drill down into the Error Codes of type "Fail" by clicking the plus [+] sign next to fail. This will show the error codes type "Fail" broken into the categories by Error Code. We want to know what functions failed right before the crash, so expand the "Total" Error Code, which was compiled by Holodeck to show all the error codes in chronological order. Click the plus [+] sign next to the Total row under the BrokenApp column to see all the errors that BrokenApp created.
Scroll all the way to the bottom of this list of error codes, to see the final calls BrokenApp made. Here we can see calls to memory allocation functions in the System.IO.MemoryStream class. Since we know the error happened after typing some text and applying the bold format to it, the developer could begin by investigating the source code around the function relevant to these operation and looking for any place he/she is allocating memory.


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Boluwatife!
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{% extends "global/Page.html" %} {% load otree %} {% block title %} Part 1 {% endblock %} {% block content %} {% if player.treatment == "A" or player.treatment == "B" %}
The economy is going through difficult times; suppose your employer needs to make substantial budget cuts.  Given your situation, would you be able to maintain roughly your same lifestyle under those new circumstances? If not, what changes would you need to make? Would it impact your leisure, housing, or travel plans?
{% elif player.treatment == "C" or player.treatment == "D" %}The economy is going through difficult times; suppose your employer needs to make substantial budget cuts.  Given your situation, would you be able to maintain roughly your same lifestyle under those new circumstances? If not, what changes would you need to make? Would it impact your leisure, housing, or travel plans?
{% endif %} {% formfield player.t1_stage1 label="Please write your answer in the following field:" %} {% next_button %} {{ form.errors }} {% endblock %}


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Binary distillation theory
Assumptions
https://neutrium.net/unit-operations/distillation/mccabe-thiele-plot/
- The mixture has only two components
- Both components have an equal heat of vaporisation
- 100% tray efficiency. Each tray represents an equilibrium stage.
Reflux ratio
The reflux ratio is defined as
$$R = \frac{L}{D}$$
where $L$ is the flowrate of liquid that flows from the
condenser, back to the column and $D$ is the distillate
collected from the column. Higher reflux ratio allow more liquid-vapour contact.
q-value
Content to be added
Feed operating line
Content to be added
Stripping operating line
Content to be added
Rectiyfing operating line
Content to be added.
Number of stages
Content to be added.
References
- https://neutrium.net/unit-operations/distillation/mccabe-thiele-plot/


The new mission, or as some may call it, a job! The context for those that might not be familiar with my adventures is that I’ve been working independently as a consultant, contractor, community builder, beer drinker, hacker, teacher, trainer, mentor, curriculum builder, and training content creator. The last time I held something that resembled a job was 560 business days ago, or more specifically 816 days ago. Honestly, I’m not even sure that it could be considered a job, it was a strange gig to say the least. Recently after this long break I’m taking up a new job position with some interesting objectives and priorities.
Here’s some of what I wrote to outline the specific objectives and priorities for the new team I’m joining and to insure I had clear priorities for myself. I do, after all, prize clear objectives very high on the “things that are useful & cool“ list.
Objectives
- Community Contributions - Help launch and build the community around the release of a yet to be announced open source micro-services framework (we’re currently calling it the Forge Framework) following an open source software model. I’ll also be telling you about all the work that has gone into this framework so far form Jesse, Beau, and the team. This will cover their various battles, from discussions to decisions, all leading up to the release of the framework. At this point, our time frame to release this is somewhere around the Feburary time frame. Currently it is in production, but we will need to make sure we have a reason repository of code we can release. We’re aiming for it to be in good shape for everybody to use when it’s released. (I’ll be managing the overall effort, so ping me if you’re interested in jumping into the project)
- Site Reliability - Help build infrastructure for site reliability, deployment, etc (immutable, container based, etc) to deliver the company’s key products, APIs, micro-services, and improve the back-end deployment and delivery options and capabilities. This is going to include a lot of cool technology including things like Docker, kafka, CoreCLR, and a host of other things that I’ll be blogging about on a regular basis. Along with this infrastructure and site reliability I’ll help set guidelines, approaches, and future objectives for delivery and deployment of software. When I implement things, I’ll aim to blog it, when I learn new tips and tricks, I’ll aim to blog it, and whenever I break a build, I’ll blog that too. Whatever it is, I’m aiming to increase my frequency a great deal in the coming days, weeks, and months.
- Talent Recon - I’m looking for, scouting around like force recon, and connecting talent to future work we will be having come open in early 2016. (Again, this is where I get to come and hack with you, help build awesome open source software, and let you my fellow coding cohort know about the company’s existing and upcoming awesome work we’ll be hiring for! For those that know me, you know I’m serious about making sure I line up the right people with the right types of gigs, I’m no recruiter, I’m a coder, so I fight against wildly innappropriate misalignment and related silliness!)
These are my top priorities as I step into this role with the Quote Center, a kind of laboratory of inventive ideas for Home Depot. You’ll be hearing a lot more about this in the coming days, and if you’re interested in working with me and an awesome group of people - reach out and let me know @Adron on Twitter or just email me. Cheers!


Mi Playlist
- 5 Reasons To Choose A Notebook Over A Computer Desktop
- Get Around Easily With A New York Limousine Service
- How To Cook A Tender Juicy Steak
- How To Remove Kidney Stones
- The Science Of Superstitions
- 5 Reasons To Choose A Notebook Over A Computer Desktop
- Get Around Easily With A New York Limousine Service
- How To Cook A Tender Juicy Steak
- How To Remove Kidney Stones
- The Science Of Superstitions
Playlists de Amigos
Gordon Carroll
Adeline Wilkins
John Wheeler
Katherine Nelson
Cuándo llegará la VACUNA del Coronavirus
124,886 vistas
Comentarios
Barbecue Sauce For A Perfect Barbecue
Why Las Vegas Hotel Rooms For You
What You Need To Know About Oil Fondue
Popular Uses Of The Internet
Are You Ready To Buy A Home Theater Audio System
Sugerencias


\ |
A backslash that precedes a non-special character indicates that the next character is special and is not to be interpreted literally |
^ |
Matches beginning of input. If the multiline flag is set to true, also matches immediately after a line break character
|
$ |
Matches end of input. If the multiline flag is set to true, also matches immediately before a line break character
|
+ |
Matches the preceding character 0 or more times. Equivalent to {0,}
|
? |
Matches the preceding character 1 or more times. Equivalent to {1,}
|
. |
Matches the preceding character 0 or 1 time. Equivalent to {0,1}
|
(x) |
(The decimal point) matches any single character except the newline character
|
(?:x) |
Matches 'x' but does not remember the match. The parentheses are called non-capturing parentheses, and let you define subexpressions for regular expression operators to work with
|
x(?=y) |
Matches 'x' only if 'x' is followed by 'y'. This is called a lookahead |
x(?!y) |
Matches 'x' only if 'x' is not followed by 'y'. This is called a negated lookahead |
{n} |
Matches exactly n occurrences of the preceding character. N must be a positive integer. |
{n,m} |
Where n and m are positive integers. Matches at least n and at most m occurrences of the preceding character. When m is zero, it can be omitted
|
[xyz] |
|
[^xyz] |
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[\b] |
|
\b |
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\B |
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\cX |
|
\D |
|
\f |
|
\n |
|
\r |
|
\s |
|
\S |
|
\t |
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\v |
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\w |
|
\W |
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\n
| |
\0 |
|
\xhh |
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\uhhhh |
|


Features
Components
Operating Cost
Technical Details
Web Based IDE, and Terminal Access no PKI/SSH needed
AWS IAM based user managment for HDFGroup members to upload public keys for SSH terminal access
S3 based Centralized software repository to install once, use everywhere: system and tutorials, usable from localhosts
Orange FS parallel filesystem with S3, Ephemeral, Elastic Block Device backing, upto 16EiB
New code base to facilitate
Ability to Stop/Hibernate Cluster
upto 160EiB, can be mounted locally
is a linux block device, formatted to ext4: POSIX compliance
30MB/sec - 2GB/sec Per HOST!
is scalable
2.5cents/GiB/month
ssh -L 8080:<IP_ADDRESS>:8080 master.vargaconsulting.ca
HDFGroup HUG2020
[default]
region = us-east-1
output = text
[cluster default]
SIZE: 1
ami: ami-02661544fe788b355
ipv4: <IP_ADDRESS>
intacence-type: m5d.large
availability-zone: us-east-1a
udp-ports:
tcp-ports: 22
bid-price: .10
hostname: master
BEHAVIOR: stop
VOLUMES: VOLUME-1, VOLUME-2 [, VOLUME-N]
SERVICES: SERVICE-1 [, SERVICE-N]
NODES: IO-NODES, COMPUTE-NODES
[node io-nodes]
...
[node compute-nodes]
...
[default]
## steven@hdfgroup
aws_access_key_id = AK***************P7L
aws_secret_access_key = h+Ag**********************************lo


The COVID-19 outbreak in Japan has left hundreds of thousands of university students in a chaotic situation. Lectures that were supposed to start in April only recently began to be offered online. Part-time jobs that helped students to support themselves have vanished, while the incomes of many of their parents have dwindled since the government declared the state of emergency in April.
A survey covering 1,200 university students released Wednesday pointed out that some 20 percent of them are considering dropping out of school as the coronavirus outbreak has left many without a source of income or financial support. The toll of this pandemic is even higher for foreign students studying in Japan.
Before the spread of COVID-19, many students held part-time jobs in the restaurant and tourism industries. According to a 2019 survey on 7,000 foreign students conducted by the Japan Student Service Organization, 75.8 percent of the respondents had a part-time job, and of those, 41.8 percent worked in the restaurant sector. But those businesses are now cutting back on their operations, plunging students into a dire financial situation.
It’s not easy for foreign students to obtain information about government relief measures and fully understand it due to the language barrier. Living in Japan without family exacerbates psychological stress caused by the pandemic. It is extremely important to provide essential information and support to vulnerable international students.
Recently, Japanese students at about 100 universities across the nation launched signature-collection campaigns to request that their schools reduce tuition and other expenses. So far, at least 10 universities have decided to provide some financial support for students.
For example, Waseda University is offering ¥100,000 for each student, while Meiji Gakuin University announced that it will provide ¥50,000. However, universities that can take such measures are limited to those with ample financial resources. Universities are still reluctant to reduce tuition fees as it would directly impact their finances.
International students in Japan are particularly affected by job losses. Because they are students, they are not part of the unemployment insurance program. They are also not entitled to welfare benefits that are extended to low-income households. If they fail to pay their tuition and have to leave school, they will not be able to stay in Japan.
The MEXT Scholars Association has a membership of more than 8,000 current and former foreign students in Japan. According to the group’s co-founder, Austin Zeng, many members have been unable to return to Japan after going back to their home countries for the spring break. Although they cannot come back to Japan, they still have to pay rent on their housing here. This is taking an especially hard toll on those who are from developing countries.
Foreign students are eligible to receive ¥100,000 each under the government’s new cash handout program, but they may find the paperwork for the funds complicated. Many of them returned to their home countries without My Number social security and taxation identification cards, which the government requires for the online application.
The government has long promoted a policy of increasing the number of foreign students in Japan. Young international talent tends to shun this country, and in an effort to raise the competitiveness of Japanese universities the government set a goal to raise the number of foreign students to 300,000 by 2020. Thanks to this goal, the number reached 345,791 as of the end of 2019, according to a Justice Ministry report released in late March. After such efforts by the government, the difficulties that international students are now facing should not be ignored. The government must act swiftly to make Japan a place where foreign students can safely study and live.
The pandemic is forcing countries to close their borders, and in a crisis like this each government tends to prioritize its own citizens. Some might say that support should be extended to Japanese nationals rather than foreign students. But providing assistance to the latter is equally important for the nation’s economy and its foreign relations. Young people from other countries who were given opportunities to study in Japan may become invaluable resources to shore up industries and the economy in the future. If they become fans of Japan while living here, they may become key figures to help Japan build closer relationships with their countries after they return home.
There are many uncertainties over how the world will look once this turbulent time is over. But one thing that is certain is that the international community is watching closely how Japan meets the needs of its foreign students.
(This Artical Orginally Published by japantimes English edition on Apr 30th 2020, This article is credit from the Japan Times)


|
|
|
| 1.3 How to bring in users |
There are 3 types of SMS users: common users, trusted users and system administrators.
Common users can do every stuffs of messaging, such as create a message group, manage message groups belongs to them, send and receive messages, etc.
Trusted users not only can do all the things common users do, but also they can bring in new SMS users.
System administrators have full power on SMS system. Besides of messaging stuffs and bring in new users, they can perform more administrative tasks
such as promoting user, demoting user, lock/unlock user account, modifying system parameters, and even have right to destroy the entire system.
Common user must be brought in by trusted user or system administrator. i.e. Every SMS user must go through a referrer to join in except the built in
system administrator 'smsadmin'. Note: Default happy password and unhappy password of 'smsadmin' are 'iamhappy' and 'iamunhappy' respectively.
Please change passwords of 'smsadmin' at first login. Otherwise, you will put your SMS server at risk.
There are two ways to bring in new users: (1) let them join in or (2) you create their accounts manually. Method (1) is used for connection mode 0 and
connection mode 2, and method (2) is used for connection mode 1 and connection mode 3.
If you select connection mode 0 or connection mode 2, when you type in the URL of your decoy site, screen similar figure 1.3.1 will be seen. In there,
you will see a hyperlink 'Join Us'. However, this hyperlink will be hidden for connection mode 1 and 3, you need to create user manually and pass the
user account details to the user via another secure way.
|
| |
Figure 1.3.1
|
| |
|
Click on this hyperlink, screen like figure 1.3.2 will be displayed. In there, you need to input your name, your email, your referrer's email and
an optional short message to show your words to your referrer, and click the button 'Register'. Then screen like figure 1.3.3 will be shown to inform
you that your registration is processing.
|
| |
Figure 1.3.2
|
| |
Figure 1.3.3
|
| |
Your registration request will be sent to your referrer by email, and your referrer will decide to accept or reject your registration request.
If you are accepted, an email will be sent to you, and contains a hyperlink. Clicking on this hyperlink, you will be directed to a web page
like figure 1.3.4 (figure 1.3.5 is the lower part of the same page) to create your user account.
You need to input your desired username, alias, happy password and unhappy password. You may accept the system suggested username or give your
desired username. As remarks shown on figure 1.3.5, happy password is used to login to the system under normal circumstances. However, if you
are in danger and you are forced to login to the SMS, you should use unhappy password. For details of SMS login, please refer to section 1.4
How to login.
Note:
Referrer has 3 days to decide whether accept of reject applicant's registration request, and accepted applicant has 4 days to create his/her
user account. i.e. the cycle of registration and user account creation processes must be finished within 7 days. After that, pending registration
records will be discarded.
|
| |
Figure 1.3.4
|
| |
Figure 1.3.5
|
| |
|
If you select connection mode 1 or connection mode 3, an additional administrative option 'Create User' will be shown on SMS main menu (figure 1.3.6).
Trusted users and SMS administrators could use this function to create new SMS user account.
|
| |
Figure 1.3.6
|
| |
As you manually create SMS user account, screen like figure 1.3.7 will be seen. You need to provide user's name, login username, alias,
email address (optional), happy password and unhappy password to create a new user account.
Note:
Although email address is optional, you should input it if you know it. Since connection mode of your SMS server may be changed to 0 or 3
later, any SMS user without email address in his/her profile cannot login to the SMS system.
|
| |
Figure 1.3.7
|
|
|
|


Compiler
Reports
(current)
Parse Tree
Symbols tables
TDT
About
C# Compiler
Status
Failed
Recoverd Errors
NO
Input file:
Statics
#
Phase
Elapsed
Errors
#
Line
Col
Description


Vibe delivers a tasting menu of premium cannabis, speciality coffee and craft chocolate every month. Each box is a collection of ingredients
for making moments in time.
{{ partial "mailchimp-signup.html" . }}
The moment begins from three wonders of nature. It's then brought forth by the hands, tools, and knowledge of
humans.
The moment in time is yours alone, and can be shared freely. The moment passes but the Vibe persists.


@CryptoDadi @ArbitradeX Ronnie, someone is trolling you. As an auditor of a public accounting firm, I can assure you that is a violation of ethics to confirm audited information to a 3rd party. This information would be presented in a letter and it would be up to Arbitrade...


|
F´ Flight Software - C/C++ Documentation
NASA-v1.5.0
A framework for building embedded system applications to NASA flight quality standards.
|
#include <Svc/UdpReceiver/UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp>
Classes | |
| class | UdpSerialBuffer |
Public Member Functions | |
| UdpReceiverComponentImpl (const char *const compName) | |
| void | init (const NATIVE_INT_TYPE instance=0) |
| ~UdpReceiverComponentImpl (void) | |
| void | open (const char *port) |
| Open the connection. More... | |
| void | startThread (NATIVE_UINT_TYPE priority, NATIVE_UINT_TYPE stackSize, NATIVE_UINT_TYPE affinity) |
| start worker thread More... | |
| void | doRecv (void) |
| receives a single packet (helps unit testing) More... | |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static void | workerTask (void *ptr) |
| worker task entry point More... | |
Public Attributes | |
| PRIVATE | __pad0__: void Sched_handler( const NATIVE_INT_TYPE portNum |
| PRIVATE NATIVE_UINT_TYPE | context |
| Os::Task | m_socketTask |
| NATIVE_INT_TYPE | m_fd |
| socket file descriptor More... | |
| Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::UdpSerialBuffer | m_recvBuff |
| UdpSerialBuffer | m_portBuff |
| working buffer for decoding packets More... | |
| U32 | m_packetsReceived |
| number of packets received More... | |
| U32 | m_bytesReceived |
| number of bytes received More... | |
| U32 | m_packetsDropped |
| number of detected packets dropped More... | |
| U32 | m_decodeErrors |
| deserialization errors More... | |
| bool | m_firstSeq |
| first sequence number detected More... | |
| U8 | m_currSeq |
| current tracked sequence number More... | |
Definition at line 21 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::UdpReceiverComponentImpl | ( | const char *const | compName | ) |
Construct object UdpReceiver
| compName | The component name |
Definition at line 34 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.cpp.
| Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::~UdpReceiverComponentImpl | ( | void | ) |
Destroy object UdpReceiver
Definition at line 57 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.cpp.
| void Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::doRecv | ( | void | ) |
receives a single packet (helps unit testing)
Definition at line 136 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.cpp.
| void Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::init | ( | const NATIVE_INT_TYPE | instance = 0 | ) |
Initialize object UdpReceiver
| instance | The instance number |
Definition at line 49 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.cpp.
| void Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::open | ( | const char * | port | ) |
Open the connection.
Definition at line 65 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.cpp.
| void Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::startThread | ( | NATIVE_UINT_TYPE | priority, |
| NATIVE_UINT_TYPE | stackSize, | ||
| NATIVE_UINT_TYPE | affinity | ||
| ) |
start worker thread
| priority | read task priority |
| stackSize | stack size |
| affinity | cpu affinity |
Definition at line 96 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.cpp.
|
static |
worker task entry point
Definition at line 129 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.cpp.
| PRIVATE Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::__pad0__ |
The port number
Definition at line 60 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| PRIVATE NATIVE_UINT_TYPE Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::context |
< The call order
Definition at line 70 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| U32 Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_bytesReceived |
number of bytes received
Definition at line 127 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| U8 Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_currSeq |
current tracked sequence number
Definition at line 132 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| U32 Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_decodeErrors |
deserialization errors
Definition at line 129 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| NATIVE_INT_TYPE Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_fd |
socket file descriptor
Definition at line 77 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| bool Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_firstSeq |
first sequence number detected
Definition at line 131 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| U32 Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_packetsDropped |
number of detected packets dropped
Definition at line 128 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| U32 Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_packetsReceived |
number of packets received
Definition at line 126 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| UdpSerialBuffer Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_portBuff |
working buffer for decoding packets
Definition at line 124 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.
| Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::UdpSerialBuffer Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_recvBuff |
| Os::Task Svc::UdpReceiverComponentImpl::m_socketTask |
Definition at line 75 of file UdpReceiverComponentImpl.hpp.


Create unique sliders using CSS3 transitions
Supports modern browsers, old browsers (IE7+), touch devices and responsive designs
Tip: press "P" to pause/unpause


Dokku
{{CONTENT}}
Getting Started
Getting Started with Dokku
Upgrading
Troubleshooting
Getting Help
Deployment
Deploying an Application
Buildpack Deployment
Dockerfile Deployment
Image Tagging
Remote Commands
One Off Processes
Scaling Apps
Zero Downtime Deploys
Configuration
Environment Variables
DNS Configuration
Nginx Configuration
SSL Configuration
Docker Container Options
Dokku Event Logs
Community Contributions
Clients
Plugins
Development
Plugin Creation
Plugin Triggers
Running Tests
Release Process


Spark Release 0.9.0
Spark 0.9.0 is a major release that adds significant new features. It updates Spark to Scala 2.10, simplifies high availability, and updates numerous components of the project. This release includes a first version of GraphX, a powerful new framework for graph processing that comes with a library of standard algorithms. In addition, Spark Streaming is now out of alpha, and includes significant optimizations and simplified high availability deployment.
You can download Spark 0.9.0 as either a
source package
(5 MB tgz) or a prebuilt package for
Hadoop 1 / CDH3,
CDH4, or
Hadoop 2 / CDH5 / HDP2
(160 MB tgz). Release signatures and checksums are available at the official Apache download site.
Scala 2.10 Support
Spark now runs on Scala 2.10, letting users benefit from the language and library improvements in this version.
Configuration System
The new SparkConf class is now the preferred way to configure advanced settings on your SparkContext, though the previous Java system property method still works. SparkConf is especially useful in tests to make sure properties don’t stay set across tests.
Spark Streaming Improvements
Spark Streaming is now out of alpha, and comes with simplified high availability and several optimizations.
- When running on a Spark standalone cluster with the standalone cluster high availability mode, you can submit a Spark Streaming driver application to the cluster and have it automatically recovered if either the driver or the cluster master crashes.
- Windowed operators have been sped up by 30-50%.
- Spark Streaming’s input source plugins (e.g. for Twitter, Kafka and Flume) are now separate Maven modules, making it easier to pull in only the dependencies you need.
- A new StreamingListener interface has been added for monitoring statistics about the streaming computation.
- A few aspects of the API have been improved:
DStream
and PairDStream
classes have been moved from org.apache.spark.streaming
to org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream
to keep it consistent with org.apache.spark.rdd.RDD
.
DStream.foreach
has been renamed to foreachRDD
to make it explicit that it works for every RDD, not every element
StreamingContext.awaitTermination()
allows you wait for context shutdown and catch any exception that occurs in the streaming computation.
*StreamingContext.stop()
now allows stopping of StreamingContext without stopping the underlying SparkContext.
GraphX Alpha
GraphX is a new framework for graph processing that uses recent advances in graph-parallel computation. It lets you build a graph within a Spark program using the standard Spark operators, then process it with new graph operators that are optimized for distributed computation. It includes basic transformations, a Pregel API for iterative computation, and a standard library of graph loaders and analytics algorithms. By offering these features within the Spark engine, GraphX can significantly speed up processing pipelines compared to workflows that use different engines.
GraphX features in this release include:
GraphX is still marked as alpha in this first release, but we recommend for new users to use it instead of the more limited Bagel API.
MLlib Improvements
- Spark’s machine learning library (MLlib) is now available in Python, where it operates on NumPy data (currently requires Python 2.7 and NumPy 1.7)
- A new algorithm has been added for Naive Bayes classification
- Alternating Least Squares models can now be used to predict ratings for multiple items in parallel
- MLlib’s documentation was expanded to include more examples in Scala, Java and Python
Python Changes
- Python users can now use MLlib (requires Python 2.7 and NumPy 1.7)
- PySpark now shows the call sites of running jobs in the Spark application UI (http://:4040), making it easy to see which part of your code is running
- IPython integration has been updated to work with newer versions
Packaging
- Spark’s scripts have been organized into “bin” and “sbin” directories to make it easier to separate admin scripts from user ones and install Spark on standard Linux paths.
- Log configuration has been improved so that Spark finds a default log4j.properties file if you don’t specify one.
Core Engine
- Spark’s standalone mode now supports submitting a driver program to run on the cluster instead of on the external machine submitting it. You can access this functionality through the org.apache.spark.deploy.Client class.
- Large reduce operations now automatically spill data to disk if it does not fit in memory.
- Users of standalone mode can now limit how many cores an application will use by default if the application writer didn’t configure its size. Previously, such applications took all available cores on the cluster.
spark-shell
now supports the -i
option to run a script on startup.
- New
histogram
and countDistinctApprox
operators have been added for working with numerical data.
- YARN mode now supports distributing extra files with the application, and several bugs have been fixed.
Compatibility
This release is compatible with the previous APIs in stable components, but several language versions and script locations have changed.
- Scala programs now need to use Scala 2.10 instead of 2.9.
- Scripts such as
spark-shell
and pyspark
have been moved into the bin
folder, while administrative scripts to start and stop standalone clusters have been moved into sbin
.
- Spark Streaming’s API has been changed to move external input sources into separate modules,
DStream
and PairDStream
has been moved to package org.apache.spark.streaming.dstream
and DStream.foreach
has been renamed to foreachRDD
. We expect the current API to be stable now that Spark Streaming is out of alpha.
- While the old method of configuring Spark through Java system properties still works, we recommend that users update to the new [SparkConf], which is easier to inspect and use.
We expect all of the current APIs and script locations in Spark 0.9 to remain stable when we release Spark 1.0. We wanted to make these updates early to give users a chance to switch to the new API.
Contributors
The following developers contributed to this release:
- Andrew Ash – documentation improvements
- Pierre Borckmans – documentation fix
- Russell Cardullo – graphite sink for metrics
- Evan Chan – local:// URI feature
- Vadim Chekan – bug fix
- Lian Cheng – refactoring and code clean-up in several locations, bug fixes
- Ewen Cheslack-Postava – Spark EC2 and PySpark improvements
- Mosharaf Chowdhury – optimized broadcast
- Dan Crankshaw – GraphX contributions
- Haider Haidi – documentation fix
- Frank Dai – Naive Bayes classifier in MLlib, documentation improvements
- Tathagata Das – new operators, fixes, and improvements to Spark Streaming (lead)
- Ankur Dave – GraphX contributions
- Henry Davidge – warning for large tasks
- Aaron Davidson – shuffle file consolidation, H/A mode for standalone scheduler, various improvements and fixes
- Kyle Ellrott – GraphX contributions
- Hossein Falaki – new statistical operators, Scala and Python examples in MLlib
- Harvey Feng – hadoop file optimizations and YARN integration
- Ali Ghodsi – support for SIMR
- Joseph E. Gonzalez – GraphX contributions
- Thomas Graves – fixes and improvements for YARN support (lead)
- Rong Gu – documentation fix
- Stephen Haberman – bug fixes
- Walker Hamilton – bug fix
- Mark Hamstra – scheduler improvements and fixes, build fixes
- Damien Hardy – Debian build fix
- Nathan Howell – sbt upgrade
- Grace Huang – improvements to metrics code
- Shane Huang – separation of admin and user scripts:
- Prabeesh K – MQTT integration for Spark Streaming and code fix
- Holden Karau – sbt build improvements and Java API extensions
- KarthikTunga – bug fix
- Grega Kespret – bug fix
- Marek Kolodziej – optimized random number generator
- Jey Kottalam – EC2 script improvements
- Du Li – bug fixes
- Haoyuan Li – tachyon support in EC2
- LiGuoqiang – fixes to build and YARN integration
- Raymond Liu – build improvement and various fixes for YARN support
- George Loentiev – Maven build fixes
- Akihiro Matsukawa – GraphX contributions
- David McCauley – improvements to json endpoint
- Mike – bug fixes
- Fabrizio (Misto) Milo – bug fix
- Mridul Muralidharan – speculation improvements, several bug fixes
- Tor Myklebust – Python mllib bindings, instrumentation for task serialization
- Sundeep Narravula – bug fix
- Binh Nguyen – Java API improvements and version upgrades
- Adam Novak – bug fix
- Andrew Or – external sorting
- Kay Ousterhout – several bug fixes and improvements to Spark scheduler
- Sean Owen – style fixes
- Nick Pentreath – ALS implicit feedback algorithm
- Pillis –
Vector.random()
method
- Imran Rashid – bug fix
- Ahir Reddy – support for SIMR
- Luca Rosellini – script loading for Scala shell
- Josh Rosen – fixes, clean-up, and extensions to scala and Java API’s
- Henry Saputra – style improvements and clean-up
- Andre Schumacher – Python improvements and bug fixes
- Jerry Shao – multi-user support, various fixes and improvements
- Prashant Sharma – Scala 2.10 support, configuration system, several smaller fixes
- Shiyun – style fix
- Wangda Tan – UI improvement and bug fixes
- Matthew Taylor – bug fix
- Jyun-Fan Tsai – documentation fix
- Takuya Ueshin – bug fix
- Shivaram Venkataraman – sbt build optimization, EC2 improvements, Java and Python API
- Jianping J Wang – GraphX contributions
- Martin Weindel – build fix
- Patrick Wendell – standalone driver submission, various fixes, release manager
- Neal Wiggins – bug fix
- Andrew Xia – bug fixes and code cleanup
- Reynold Xin – GraphX contributions, task killing, various fixes, improvements and optimizations
- Dong Yan – bug fix
- Haitao Yao – bug fix
- Xusen Yin – bug fix
- Fengdong Yu – documentation fixes
- Matei Zaharia – new configuration system, Python MLlib bindings, scheduler improvements, various fixes and optimizations
- Wu Zeming – bug fix
- Nan Zhu – documentation improvements
Thanks to everyone who contributed!
Spark News Archive


Preparation time
30 mins to 1 hour
Cooking time
30 mins to 1 hour
Serves
Serves 4
For the gnocchi, boil the potatoes for about 40 minutes, until tender. Remove from the heat, drain and leave to cool. Once cooled, mash well in a bowl.
Make a well in the centre of the mashed potato, add the egg to the centre and season with salt and freshly ground black pepper.
Add the flour and mix well to form a dough. Knead the dough for 3-4 minutes, until it becomes dry to the touch.
Divide the dough into three pieces. On a clean, well-floured surface, roll out the dough into 2cm/1in diameter lengths, then cut into pieces at 2cm/1in intervals.
Place these gnocchi pieces into boiling water and cook for 2-3 minutes. When they rise to the top they are cooked. Scoop out with a slotted spoon and refresh in iced water. Drain, drizzle with olive oil and set aside.
For the duck ragu, heat the oil in a large saucepan over a medium heat. Add the onions, carrots, celery, garlic, chilli and pepper and fry for 5-6 minutes, or until softened.
Add the tomato purée, stir well and cook for 7-8 minutes, until the mixture becomes a rich red colour.
Add the wine, stock and rosemary sprig and bring to boil.
Add the duck meat and reduce the heat to simmer for 45 minutes to an hour, or until the meat falls apart.
Finally add the gnocchi to the ragu and warm through.
To serve, spoon out into bowls and garnish with shavings of Pecorino cheese.


Effect of single-sex schools on student outcomes: Evidence from Seoul, South Korea
APPAM 2020
Center for Research on Educational Outcome, Stanford University
Won Fy Lee
Introduction
The mertis of single-sex (SS) schooling have been a long debated topic
No clear consensus in the effects of SS on academic outcomes:
Meta-analysis finds larger portion of studies finds positive effect (Mael et al., 2005)
Recent quasi-experimental studies find positive effect (Lee et al., 2014; Jackson 2012, 2019; Park, Behrman and Choi, 2013)
Critics argue, positive effect of SS on academic outcomes (Halpern et al., 2011):
Weak scientific evidence
Negative consequences (gender stereotyping and sexism)
Threats to causal inference
Non-random selection (Mael et al., 2005; Halpern et al., 2011)
Potential systematic difference between SS and Co-educational schools (Teacher, Curriculum and Budget)
Equalization policy in Seoul, South Korea
Randomly assigns middle and high school students within school-districts of their residence
Implemented since the 1970s
Designed to provide a homogeneous educational environment
Prohibit schools from selecting students based on academic performance or SES
Reduce excessive competition for middle school entrance exam
Compliance is high
Applies to all middle and high school students in Seoul
If don't like the assigned school, whole family has to re-locate to other school districts, where they are again randomly assigned to schools within school district
Summary of literature review: Park, Behrman and Choi (2013) Dustmann, Ku et al. (2018) Sohn (2016) Lee et al. (2014)
Generally find stronger positive effect for boys (7 to 17 percent of a SD), but shows positive effect for both girls and boys
Examines academic outcomes only, no study examines non-academic outcomes.
Studies use cross-sectional or pooled cross-sectional data
Due to lack of data, no studies have shown the pre-treatment balance check, to validate the credibility of random assignment policy
Due to lack of data, doesn't show underlying mechanism
This study
Examine the effect of single-sex school on students' academic outcomes among middle school students
Examine the effect of single-sex school on students' non-academic outcomes among middle school students
This is the first study that uses within-student variation to identify causal effect of SS school
Aims to find evidence on the underlying mechanism using rich survey data
Data
Seoul Education Longitudinal Study (SELS):
Annually-surveyed
Student-level panel data
Students in City of Seoul
One cohort data (4th grade in 2010..9th grade in 2016)
Samples about 5,000 students
Identification strategy
Rely on the Equalization policy (Random assignment policy, Check credibility)
Matching for any imbalance (residential or other unobserved sorting is
potentially possible)
Difference-in-differences estimator
to eliminate further unobserved heterogeneity that might be present
Similar findings in the peer effects literature: positive effect of increasing share of female students on academic outcomes (Eren, 2017; Whitmore, 2005; Lu and Anderson, 2015)
Conclusion 2/2
Next step, test mechanism
Based on student and parents response on multiple questions on their school experience, data suggests that the SS schools:
Provide environment that is more academically focused:
less disorderly behaviour of peers during class periods
less bullying between students
Students spend less time on smart phones
Parents are more satisfied with school safety, teacher and peer
relationships
Reduced distraction from adolescent subculture" (Coleman, 1961)


Introduction to Python - Numpy
introml.analyticsdojo.com
Overview of Numpy¶
Numpy is a package that provides additional functionality often useful working with arrays for data science.
Typically Numpy is imported as
np
.np.array()
will cast a list (or other collection) as a numpy array.You can slice an array in the same way yo can slice a list.
import numpy as np
a = np.array([0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
print('A is of type:', type(a))
print('Print the entire array:', a)
print('Print the first value:', a[0])
print('Print the first three value:', a[0:3])
print('Print from second value till end of list:', a[2:])
print('Print the last value of a numpy array:', a[-1])
print('Print up till the 2nd to last value:', a[:-2])
Arrays and Functions¶
A really powerful aspect of arrays is the capaiblity to do calculations over arrays.
Numpy has a number of functions possible listed here.
Often it is possible to do calculations directly or via np functions, as shown below.
import numpy as np
a = np.array([1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6])
b1=10*a
b2=np.multiply(10,a)
c1=a+b1
c2=np.add(a,b1) #This is an alternate way of adding
d=np.log(a)
e=np.sqrt(a)
f=a**2 #This squares the value.
np.square([-1j, 1])
print('Print the entire array a:', a)
print('Print the entire array b1:', b1)
print('Print the entire array b2:', b2)
print('Print the entire array b3:', c1)
print('Print the entire array c2:', c2)
print('Print the entire array d:', d)
print('Print the entire array e:', e)
print('Print the entire array f:', f)
Creating and Manipulating Numpy Arrays¶
The arrange function will generate an array.
Reshape changes the structure of the array to n rows and m columns.
a=a.reshape(n, m)
-ones
will create an array with all ones andzeros
with all zeros.Reshaping can get it in the appropriate structure, but make sure that the size fits the appropriate dimensions.
import numpy as np
a = np.arange(15)
print(a)
a2 = np.arange( 0, 15, 1 ) #Alternate specification with np.arrange(start, end, step)
print(a2)
a=a.reshape(3, 5)
print(a)
b= np.ones(shape=(3, 5), dtype=float)
print(b)
c= np.zeros(shape=(3, 5), dtype=int)
print(c)
d= np.full((3, 5), 4, dtype=int)
print(d)
e= np.arange( 0, 1.5, .1 ).reshape(3,5) #String together creations and reshaping. Also can use decimals.
print(e)
e= np.arange( 0, 1.5, .1 ).reshape(3,5)
Generating Random Numpy Data¶
This is often useful, and we will be using it to demonstrate some initial techniques.
Often you want random but repeatable results, so that for example a test could have a consistent average on a random array. For this we need to set a seed. You only have to do this once.
np.random.seed([2335])
a = np.random.uniform(50, 150, 10) #Between 50-150, generate 10 variables from uniform
b = np.random.standard_normal(10) #With mean 0 and standard deviation 1
print(a)
print(b)
Combining Numpy Arrays¶
concatenate
will string a list of numpy arrays togethernp.concatenate([a,b])
vstack
will stack numpy arraysDefaults: start =0, end =last and step is 1.
To print the entire array, leave start/stop/step blank
a[::]
a = np.arange(5)
b=np.concatenate([a,a])
c=np.vstack([a,a])
d=np.hstack([c,c])
print('a:',a,'\nb:',b,'\nc:',c,'\nd:',d)
Slicing Single Dimension Numpy Arrays¶
Slicing arrays includes three numbers
a[start:stop:step]
but not all are required.Defaults: start =0, end =last and step is 1.
To print the entire array, leave start/stop/step blank
a[::]
e= np.arange( 0, 15, 1 )
print(e)
#[start:end:step]
print("This is the start, end, and step:",e[2:9:3])
print("Print every other:",e[::2])
print("Print starting at 2 and ending at 9, default step 1:",e[2:9])
print("Print all:",e[::])
print("Print all:",e[:])
print("Print all:",e)
Numpy Arrays From External Datasets¶
We can take a list from an external dataset and change it to an numpy array.
#First let's download some data.
!wget https://raw.githubusercontent.com/rpi-techfundamentals/spring2019-materials/master/input/iris.csv
import csv
csv_file_object = csv.reader(open('iris.csv', newline=''), delimiter=',')
data=[]
header = next(csv_file_object) #
for row in csv_file_object:
data.append(row) # add each row to the
data = np.array(data)
print(data)
Slicing 2 Dimensional Numpy Arrays¶
We can slice arrays with
array[row, column]
were row and column each include the (start:stop:step) like in arraysWe can sepecify the type with the
.astype(np.float_)
For a full list of Numpy types, see documentation
If we create a one dimensional array from 2 dimensional numpy array, it will also be a numpy array of same type.
#We can slice the array several different ways and generate new variables.
irisdata=data[0::,0:4:].astype(np.float_) #This will select only the first 4 columns and change the type to float
irisdata=data[:,0:4].astype(np.float_)
iristype=data[0::,4:5:] # This will select only the type.
print(irisdata,'\n',iristype)
#This can be used to select column 1 and assign to new variable.
#This will sum up column 1
newvariable=irisdata[::,0:1:]
#This will sum up column 0
final=irisdata[::,0:1:].sum()
type(newvariable)
#print(newvariable)
print(final)
#This will take the mean of column 1
print('mean:', irisdata[::,0:1:].mean())
CREDITS¶
Copyright AnalyticsDojo 2016 This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license agreement.


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Contract name
City
Country
Is Promoted
Maria Andres
Berlin
Germany
Ana Trujillo
Mexico D.F.
Mexico
Antonio Moreno
Mexico D.F.
Mexico
Thomas Hardy
London
UK


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Piqued favour stairs it enable exeter as seeing. Remainder met improving but engrossed sincerity age.  Attachment astonished to on appearance mprudence so collecting in excellence. Tiled way blind lived whose new. The for fully had she there leave merit enjoy forth. Piqued favour stairs it enable exeter as seeing. Remainder met improving but engrossed sincerity age.  Attachment astonished to on appearance imprudence so collecting in excellence. Tiled way blind lived whose new. The for fully had she there leave merit enjoy forth Tooot!


Homer Simpson
Homer Jay Simpson is a fictional character and the protagonist of the American animated sitcom The Simpsons. LinkFree template created by
Ryan Loi
.
Wikipedia
IMDB


ecvtbuf
, fcvtbuf
—double or float to string#include <stdio.h> char *ecvtbuf(double val, int chars, int *decpt, int *sgn, char *buf); char *fcvtbuf(double val, int decimals, int *decpt, int *sgn, char *buf);
Description
ecvtbuf
and fcvtbuf
produce (null-terminated) strings
of digits representating the double
number val.
The only difference between ecvtbuf
and fcvtbuf
is the
interpretation of the second argument (chars or
decimals). For ecvtbuf
, the second argument chars
specifies the total number of characters to write (which is
also the number of significant digits in the formatted string,
since these two functions write only digits). For fcvtbuf
,
the second argument decimals specifies the number of
characters to write after the decimal point; all digits for
the integer part of val are always included.
Since ecvtbuf
and fcvtbuf
write only digits in the
output string, they record the location of the decimal point
in *
decpt, and the sign of the number in *
sgn.
After formatting a number, *
decpt contains the number
of digits to the left of the decimal point. *
sgn
contains 0
if the number is positive, and 1
if it is
negative. For both functions, you supply a pointer buf to
an area of memory to hold the converted string.
Returns
Portability
Supporting OS subroutines required: close
, fstat
, isatty
,
lseek
, read
, sbrk
, write
.


< prev index next > modules/javafx.web/src/main/native/Source/ThirdParty/libxml/src/win32/configure.js
Print this page
txt += " lib: Additional search path for the linker, particularily\n";
txt += " where iconv library can be found (" + buildLib + ")\n";
WScript.Echo(txt);
}
- /* Discovers the version we are working with by reading the apropriate
+ /* Discovers the version we are working with by reading the appropriate
configuration file. Despite its name, this also writes the configuration
file included by our makefile. */
function discoverVersion()
{
var fso, cf, vf, ln, s, iDot, iSlash;
< prev index next >


TABLE OF CONTENTS
A. GS1 Related B. GS2 Related POLITY 1. Speed up trial of politicians, says SC 2. EC for life ban on the convicted 3. Bihar approves reservation for contractual postings 4. With draft rules, prospects of drones go skyhigh INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS 1. Russia-India partnership second to none: Envoy HEALTH ISSUES 1. Mass bathing in Ganga aggravates anti-microbial resistance woes C. GS3 Related SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 1. Carnivorous plants use CO2 to lure prey, says study ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY 1. UN says carbon emissions gap could affect climate target INTERNAL SECURITY 1. Nirmala flags Indian Ocean issues D. GS4 Related E. Prelims Fact F. UPSC Prelims Practice Questions G. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
Nothing here for Today!!!
1. Speed up trial of politicians, says SC
March 10, 2014 order:
- The Supreme Court, had ordered the government to conclude criminal trials in which charges have been framed against sitting MPs and MLAs “speedily and expeditiously” within a year.
- The apex court had ordered the trials to be held on a day-to-day
- Only “extraordinary circumstances” would justify a trial exceeding the one-year deadline.
Supreme Court’s current directives:
- It wanted the government to report back by December 13 on how many of these 1,581 cases were finally decided and how many ended in acquittals and convictions for MPs and MLAs.
- The court further directed the Centre to place on record how many cases have been filed against sitting and former legislators between 2014 till date.
- The apex court said it wanted details of the status of each such case and how the criminal trials ended in every one of them.
Additional Solicitor General response:
- The Centre was not averse to the setting up of special courts to exclusively try political persons.
- There was no room for a second opinion that corruption and criminality should be wiped out of politics.
- The government would support any move for the “utmost expeditious disposal” of criminal cases involving political persons.
2. EC for life ban on the convicted
In News:
- The Election Commission (EC) took a definitive stand in the Supreme Court that convicted persons should be banned from contesting elections for life.
- EC is of the opinion that such a move would be a firm step against criminalisation of politics and uniform ban would be in the spirit of the fundamental rights of the Constitution, including the right to equality.
- As of now, a person, on conviction, is debarred from contesting any elections for the period of his or her prison sentence and six years thereafter.
- The Election Commission’s proposals:
- Decriminalisation of politics
- Making bribery a cognisable offence and
- Prohibition on advertisements 48 hours before elections and a ban on paid news as recommended by the Law Commission in its reports.
Key Fact:
- An analysis by the Association of Democratic Reforms and National Election Watch has revealed that 61 of the 338 candidates in the Himachal Pradesh Assembly elections have criminal records against them.
- Of the 338 candidates analysed, 158 are ‘crorepatis’.
- The Himachal Pradesh Election Watch and ADR have analysed the affidavits of 60 MLAs re-contesting in this election. Their average assets in 2012 were worth ₹23 crore, while this year their average assets are worth ₹9.44 crore, which is an average increase of 80% in five years.
- Of the total candidates, 120 have declared their educational qualification to be between Classes V and XII pass, while 214 are graduates or above.
3. Bihar approves reservation for contractual postings
In news:
- Bihar approved reservation in outsourced contractual appointments made by the State government.
- The reservation policy to be implemented while hiring outsourced employees, including computer executives, IT assistants, drivers, peons and others.
- For all categories: SCs (Scheduled Caste), STs (Scheduled Tribe), OBCs (Other Backward Class), EBCs (Economically Backward Class), physically challenged people, women and all other categories entitled to reservation would be given the benefit of reservation as per rules.
- Besides, there will also be reservation in appointments of doctors, engineers, teachers and other posts on a contractual basis by the State government.
4. With draft rules, prospects of drones go skyhigh
In news:
- The government has issued draft regulations for drone operations that could be used for anything from e-commerce deliveries to photography.
- The drone industry offers many advantages and can help development in several sectors such as agriculture, oil and gas
- The newly drafted policy allows unfettered use of drones while taking care of the unique security challenges they pose.
Draft policy:
- The draft regulations, which will be finalised by December 31 this year, envisage a virtually unregulated flight at heights up to 50 feet for nano drones that weigh 250 grams or lower.
- All drones will have to operate within a visual line of sight, will be allowed only during day time and below 200 feet.
- Barring the nano drones that could also be used indoors, all drones will have to register with the Director General of Civil Aviation.
- Dropping human payload, animals or hazardous material will not be permitted,
- It would also be possible to imagine air rickshaw drones that could ferry passengers.
- The other classifications of drones, officially termed unmanned aircraft systems, are Micro (250 gm to 2 kg), Mini (more than 2 kg to 25 kg), Small (more than 25 kg till 150 kg) and Larger (over 150 kg).
Category: INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
1. Russia-India partnership second to none: Envoy
In news:
- Russian Ambassador quotes during a media briefing on the recently concluded tri-services exercise between Russia and India in Vladivostok: Russia’s partnership with India is “second to none” and cannot be compared with its relationship with Pakistan.
- There is no comparison between ties with India and Pakistan and that the purpose of the Russia’s two-week military drill in October with Pakistan near the Russian town of Minralney Vody, mainly focused on counter-terror cooperation.
- Our partnership with India is second to none while we have a normal inter-state relationship with Pakistan
1. Mass bathing in Ganga aggravates anti-microbial resistance woes
Highlights of the government-commissioned report-“Scoping Report on Antimicrobial Resistance in India”:
- Research project: researchers from the Newcastle University in the United Kingdom and the Indian Institute of Technology-Delhi sampled water and sediments at seven sites along the Ganga in different seasons.
- Mass-bathing in the Ganga during pilgrimages may be contributing to anti-microbial resistance (AMR
- Such resistance —previously acknowledged to be widespread in India — is said to be the reason for certain key antibiotics becoming ineffective against diseases, including tuberculosis.
- Findings:
- The levels of resistance genes that lead to “superbugs” were found to be about 60 times greater during the pilgrimage months of May and June than at other times of the year.
- The researchers had then said preventing the spread of resistance-genes that promote life-threatening bacteria could be achieved by improving waste management at key pilgrimage sites.
- India has some of the highest antibiotic resistance rates among bacteria that commonly cause infections in the community and healthcare facilities.
- Resistance to the broad-spectrum antibiotics fluoroquinolones and third generation cephalosporin was more than 70% in Acinetobacter baumannii, Escherichia coli, and Klebsiella pneumoniae, and more than 50% in Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
- Other than ‘cultural factors’ such as bathing in the Ganga, the drivers of AMR included excessive use of antibiotics in the livestock industry and unchecked discharge of effluents by the pharmaceutical industry.
- Key Fact: In 2014, India was the highest consumer of antibiotics, followed by China and the United States. However, the per-capita consumption of antibiotics in India was much lower than in several other high-income countries.
What needs to be done?
- Too little work had been done so far to understand the cause and nature of AMR.
- AMR research studies in India were of limited scope in all areas.
Basic Information:
- Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is the ability of a microorganism (like bacteria, viruses, and some parasites) to stop an antimicrobial (such as antibiotics, antivirals and antimalarials) from working against it. As a result, standard treatments become ineffective, infections persist and may spread to others.
Category: SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
1. Carnivorous plants use CO2 to lure prey, says study
In news:
- Carnivorous plants have been known to employ a variety of techniques like nectar, smell, colour and ultraviolet florescence to lure and capture prey.
- New findings: scientists at the Jawaharlal Nehru Tropical Botanic Gardens and Research Institute here have come up with evidence that some carnivorous plants use carbon dioxide (CO2) to attract insects and ants to their prey traps.
- Indian pitcher plant (Nepenthes khasiana) uses the gas, both to attract prey and to aid the digestive process.
- The unopened pitchers of the plant are carbon dioxide-enriched, with a gas concentration of 2,500 to 5,000 ppm (parts per million), approximately 10 times that in the earth’s atmosphere.
- The open Nepenthes pitchers were found to emit CO2 constantly to attract insects
- The high CO2 environment in the pitchers and the dissolved CO2 in the pitcher fluids might also act as a tranquilliser for the trapped prey.
Category: ENVIRONMENT AND ECOLOGY
1. UN says carbon emissions gap could affect climate target
Highlights of the UN Environment Emissions Gap Report 2017:
- Report warns that a big carbon emissions gap exists between the levels that can be achieved in 2030 with present climate commitments, and what needs to be done using set pathways to limit increases in global average temperature to less than 2° Celsius or a more ambitious 1.5° C by the year 2100.
- Full implementation of the unconditional Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs) and comparable action afterwards “could result in a temperature increase of about 3.2° C by 2100 relative to pre-industrial levels”, while full implementation of conditional NDCs would marginally lower that projection by about 0.2°C.
- The breaching of the safe limits that is possible even with current climate commitments — the NDCs that form the core of the Paris Agreement — indicates that governments will need to deliver much stronger pledges to cut greenhouse gas emissions when they are revised in 2020.
- Fossil fuels and cement production account for about 70% of greenhouse gases.
- The Paris accord pledges only a third of what is needed to avoid climate catastrophe, and adopting new technologies in key sectors, at investments of under $100 per tonne of emissions, could cut them by up to 36 gigatonnes per year by 2030, which is more than sufficient to bridge the current gap.
- A large part of the potential to close the emissions gap lies in solar and wind energy, efficient appliances and passenger cars, afforestation and stopping deforestation.
- Strong action on plugging other greenhouse gases, such as hydrofluorocarbons, through the Kigali Amendment to the Montreal Protocol, and other short-lived climate pollutants such as black carbon, could contribute.
- CO2 emissions have remained stable since 2014, driven in part by renewable energy, notably in China and India.
- The report warns that other greenhouse gases, such as methane, are still rising, and a global growth spurt could send CO2 emissions upward.
Basic Information:
The Montreal Protocol
- The Montreal Protocol on Substances that Deplete the Ozone Layer (a protocol to the Vienna Convention for the Protection of the Ozone Layer) is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion
Kigali Amendment
- In the 28th meeting of the Parties to the Montreal Protocol, negotiators from 197 nations have signed a historic agreement to amend the Montreal Protocol in Kigali, a capital city of a tiny African country, Rwanda on 15th October 2016.
- As per the agreement, these countries are expected to reduce the manufacture and use of Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) by roughly 80-85% from their respective baselines, till 2045.
Kigali Agreement: Important Points
- It is a legally binding agreement between the signatory parties with non-compliance measures.
- It will come into effect from 1st January 2019 provided it is ratified by at least 20 member parties by then.
- It has shown a considerable flexibility in approach while setting phase-down targets for different economies accommodating their developmental aspirations, different socio-economic compulsions, and scientific & technological capabilities.
- It has divided the signatory parties into three groups-
- The first group consists of rich and developed economies like USA, UK and EU countries who will start to phase down HFCs by 2019 and reduce it to 15% of 2012 levels by 2036.
- The second group consists of emerging economies like China, Brazil as well as some African countries who will start phase down by 2024 and reduce it to 20% of 2021 levels by 2045.
- The third group consists of developing economies and some of the hottest climatic countries like India, Pakistan, Iran, Saudi Arabia who will start phasing down HFCs by 2028 and reduce it to 15% of 2024-2026 levels till 2047.
- It also has a provision for a multilateral fund for developing countries for adaptation and mitigation.
- The Technology and Energy Assessment Panel (TEAP) will take a periodic review of the alternative technologies and products for their energy efficiency and safety standards.
- This phase down is expected to arrest the global average temperature rise up to 0.5o C by 2100.
- Kigali agreement is an amendment to Montreal Protocol.
1. Nirmala flags Indian Ocean issues
Context:
- First Goa Maritime Conclave(GMC) of Navy Chiefs of Indian Ocean littoral states hosted by the Indian Navy at the Naval War College in Goa.
- The GMC is intended to be held every year and aims to “bring together like-minded countries to evolve collective responses to challenges in the maritime domain.”
Concerns raised by Defence Minister during the conclave:
- Expressed concern at the increased militarisation in the Indian Ocean and the extra-regional nations setting up a “near permanant presence” in the region, in an apparent reference to the expanding Chinese presence in the region.
- Extra-regional nations are creating naval outposts as well as dual-use infrastructure in the region.
- There is an “incremental yet steady” increase in numbers of warships operating in the region. This militarisation “increases the complexities for the countries of this region.”
Maritime challenges
- China has set up or acquired stakes in a series of infrastructure facilities in the region and has recently opened its first overseas military base at Djibouti in the Horn of Africa.
- The Chinese Navy has also maintained a steady presence of warships and submarines in the Indian Ocean under the garb of anti-piracy operations in the Gulf of Aden.
- To counter this, the Indian Navy has now put in place a new concept of ‘mission based deployment’ to maintain round the clock surveillance on India’s vital areas of interest across the length and breadth of the Indian Ocean Region (IOR).
Nothing here for Today!!!
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Nothing here for Today!!! |
F. Practice Questions for UPSC Prelims Exam
Question 1. Consider the following statements
- Carnivorous plants employ a variety of techniques like nectar, smell, colour and ultraviolet florescence to lure and capture prey.
- Indian pitcher plant (Nepenthes khasiana) uses the gas, only to attract prey.
Choose the incorrect statements from the options given below
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
See
Question 2. Consider the following statements
- Fossil fuels and cement production are the major contributors of greenhouse gases.

Choose the correct statements from the options given below
- 1 only
- 2 only
- Both 1 and 2
- Neither 1 nor 2
See
Question 3. Kiagali Amendment, often seen in news is related to
- Montreal Protocol
- Paris Accord
- Kyoto Protocol
- Vienna Convention
Question 4. China has set up its first overseas military base at
- Hambantota
- Maro
- Lamu
- Djibouti
Question 5. Identify the correct statement
- A person, on conviction, is debarred from contesting any elections for the period of his or her prison sentence and six years thereafter.
- A person, on conviction, is debarred from contesting only in Lok Sabha elections for the period of his or her prison sentence and six years thereafter.
- A person, on conviction, is debarred from contesting only in Lok Sabha and State legislative assemblies elections for the period of his or her prison sentence and six years thereafter.
- A person, on conviction, is debarred from contesting any elections for the period of his or her prison sentence only
Question 6. The world's largest monolith “Uluru”, is located in
- Australia
- Madagascar
- New Zealand
- China
G. UPSC Mains Practice Questions
GS Paper II
- Critically examine the Supreme Court’s judgement on ‘National Judicial Appointments Commission Act, 2014’ with reference to appointment of judges of higher judiciary in India.
GS Paper III
- Among several factors for India’s potential growth, savings rate is the most effective one. Do you agree? What are the other factors available for growth potential?
Also, check previous Daily News Analysis
“Proper Current Affairs preparation is the key to success in the UPSC- Civil Services Examination. We have now launched a comprehensive ‘Current Affairs Webinar’. Limited seats available. Click here to Know More.”
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