PI: importwiki
The purpose of an importwiki PI is to produce an XML-fragment from extracts from a wiki-page and replace the PI with this fragment.
NOTE: That the form of this PI may change. Specially the use of dpath, and the form of the dpath may be changed. It is present at an experimental stage.
<?_wxt importwiki dpath="" location=""?>
As wikipages by their nature are changing, WXT apply a strategy that backs up the latest successfull import, and use this if an import fails. The backup strategy does not consider changes in content, but if your dpath or xpath, se below, fails to identify any material at all, the backup is used. More about DPath and XPath .
This backup strategy cost processing time. You may change the strategy by parameter usecopy, see below.
The parameters are:
| dpath optional | The content of any header(h1, h2,.., h6) in the wikipage.
Content will be extracted until we meet a heading with same or higher
significance. dpath (documentpath) has the form:
h1/h2/h3. For instance /Report/summary will extract content in
h3:summary "under" h2:report. Either dpath or xpath must be set. Ifdpath is set, xpath is ignored. dpath may also have a specification part. /Report/summary[p] will collect only paragraphs in the selected part. See DPath . |
| xpath optional | Defaults to //body. Either dpath or xpath must be set. Ifdpath is set, xpath is ignored |
| location mandatory | The URI of the file we want to import from. In templates the location parameter is usually skipped. In this case all content files (wikicontent) listed in the script as direct children of the module are searched for appropriate content. You can reduce the search with parameter id, see below. |
| keeprefs optional | Possible values ar: yes and no. If yes all references in the imported material is recalculated and kept. If no all references are removed. no is default. |
| encoding optional | You can spesify expected encoding. Default encoding is default (UTF-8 if not set otherwise in script). |
| backup optional | You may spesify the catalog you want to use for backup. Default is catalog wikibck in the same catalog as the module requesting the material. You may also use the value no to suppress the backup strategy. |
| usecopy optional | Possible values are yes and no. yes will load the backup without attempting to load the wiki-page. This will save time, but it does of course only have meaning if you have accessed and loaded the material at least once before. Default is no. This setting will be overridden by the option use-copy, see Options |
| id (optional) | An id that match the id of the actual xmlimport in script. Has only meaning when this element has no location. One reason to use an id is processing time if you have many contentfiles to a module. Another reason may be that you have similar structures in different contentfiles and you want to be selective. |
NOTE 1: WXT does not consider styles, most elements are copied "as is".
NOTE 2: WXT is not set up to collect from https (Secure connentions). If you want to access protected files, you should use normal access through a webbrowser and save the page on your disk. Then you can access the downloaded file locally.
NOTE 3: The backup strategy makes it possible to inspect and even change the downloaded content.
NOTE 4: In many cases you can achive your result by importing the wikipage by importxml and a xpath. WXT will attempt to tidy the import.
Examples:
<?_wxt importwiki location="mycopiedwikifile.html" dpath="/All students"?>
will extract the header on level 2, All students, and all material until the next heading at level 2, or level1.
<?_wxt importwiki keeprefs="no" location="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cougar" dpath="//Subspecies"?>
will extract a description of Subspecies (placed at header level3) in a wikipedia - page about cougars.
<?_wxt importwiki dpath="/Nature" location="http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halden"?>
will produce this (as of june 2009)

 Nature

Halden is surrounded by forests and water so hiking and fishing locations can easily be found. Deer and elk are a common sight, and wolves have also been observed in the district along the border with Sweden. Raspberries, blackberries, blueberries, wild cranberries, and many varieties of mushroom can be found in the woods in the early autumn. Popular destinations for hikers and other nature lovers include Prestebakke and Kornsjø.


I'm still waiting for #Liquid specs, so that we can integrate this "sidechain" into @BarterDEX since they say absolutely this isn't a private blockchain between the federates. Not at all. #blockchain #KMD #BTC #DEX
siu - Chainmakers16-Oct-18 11:44 AM
what we can conclude for now is that $1 per KMD is a fair low price for the market
we have hovered around it for some months now
ComputerGenie 👴👴👴16-Oct-18 11:44 AM
@siu - Chainmakers I specifically was referring to someone that thought I might have 350 BTC to throw up a wall
siu - Chainmakers16-Oct-18 11:44 AM
If we start a bull run from here we could definitively say that KMD is never going to be worth less than $1 again.
or less than 15k sats.(edited)
ComputerGenie 👴👴👴16-Oct-18 11:45 AM
"never" is a pretty strong word(edited)
siu - Chainmakers16-Oct-18 11:46 AM
yeah, strong, but still not confirmed
if we make a new ATH from here i can see this becoming a long term bottom, something like when btc went to $1.98 after going to $30
something i can say might never be visited again
jl777c16-Oct-18 11:47 AM
the good ol days
before my time
siu - Chainmakers16-Oct-18 11:47 AM
yeah
i remember seeing that bottom and not buying
then bought at around $5
and sell them at $7 thinking i made the best investment ever
i wish i could have bought $5k worth back then and not need return from them
I remember the pump in december beginning like this as well
buywalls moving up and up
siu - Chainmakers16-Oct-18 12:13 PM
@jl777c its called accumulation
there is a lot of accumulation going on
hyperDEX16-Oct-18 12:19 PM
Im off to eat some stale bread. Someone ping me if the whale goes crazy and takes us to 30k
crap he moved to 17.5k
siu - Chainmakers16-Oct-18 12:22 PM
this whale doesnt seem to be wanting a pump and dump
with the kind of volume he/she is buying he would have easily pumped us to above 30k sats long ago
Andersen16-Oct-18 12:27 PM
Looks like 350 btc whale is very rich , but not profi in trading and using exchanges \crypto
newbie whale
CryptoNinjaa16-Oct-18 12:28 PM
moved back to 17.5k now
just watched a red candle bleed as soon as he moved it back lol
BlockTech16-Oct-18 12:31 PM
Where is the Wall ? XD
CryptoNinjaa16-Oct-18 12:33 PM
Binance 17.5k
Hollowman900016-Oct-18 12:36 PM
Good
Move to 15 please
ComputerGenie 👴👴👴16-Oct-18 12:42 PM
newbie whale@Andersen Conversly, it's possible that they are "old money" and "Who cares about $350 I spent 4 years ago, my Lambo is bought and paid for already"
dokrates16-Oct-18 12:43 PM
I think moved the wall back to push people to sell and could move again to 18k and 19k to scratch more at low price
ComputerGenie 👴👴👴16-Oct-18 12:43 PM
Some "old money" BTC holders look at BTC like online poker players look at poker chips: "It's not real money unless I need to cash it out"
Bittersweet16-Oct-18 12:44 PM
@ComputerGenie 👴👴👴 sounds healthy
CryptoNinjaa16-Oct-18 12:46 PM
Think @dokrates is right on the money there. Move back down sells fill back in 18 to 19 he swoops up again to 19.
dokrates16-Oct-18 12:47 PM
thats what i will do
Kitchen Table16-Oct-18 12:47 PM
The 2017 alt coin pump started with old BTCs that were purchased for far lower than the price they were at the time.
dokrates16-Oct-18 12:48 PM
i won't move over 20k until i filled as much coins i want, so i'll be moving up and down
@Kitchen Table what month started altcoin pump in 2017?
Tek16-Oct-18 12:49 PM
mfw sold some at 1930
buying it back now
thank you whale bro
Kitchen Table16-Oct-18 12:50 PM
I would say around March. It was about the time I noticed alts going higher.
ComputerGenie 👴👴👴16-Oct-18 12:52 PM
does the fanboy thing and says "I can see 50k sats right around the corner"
Komodo / Bitcoin (BINANCE:KMDBTC). Get more trading ideas from CryptoStation. Follow market experts, get opinions and be heard! Join the largest trading & investing community on the planet.
Cryptoon16-Oct-18 04:01 PM
Yesterday there was a discussion on whether or not bittrex allowed for fiat stuff
For me it says: Fiat Status Enabled
NO USD BANK ACCOUNT
You do not currently have a bank account configured for deposit. Please contact support to add your banking information and receive wire instructions.
When trying to deposit USD
NAME SYMBOL AVAILABLE BALANCE
US Dollar USD 0
You have no withdrawal addresses configured for this currency.
DISCLAIMER
If changes or additions are needed to the wire instructions here, please enter a support ticket at https://support.bittrex.com/hc/en-us.
Can't deposit EUR though
So worst exchange ever confirmed!!!!111!1!!
Anyway thought I'd share
cascrypto16-Oct-18 04:16 PM
they do trade KMD that makes them a top exchange in my book ;0)
Cryptoon16-Oct-18 04:34 PM
Anyone want to sell me some Verus?
ComputerGenie 👴👴👴16-Oct-18 04:36 PM
I have 8 VRSC I'll sell at 1:1 BTC
SHossain16-Oct-18 04:38 PM
i can do half of that BTC price
1
Cryptoon16-Oct-18 04:39 PM
I am poor
simple man
just want a small piece of the future besides kmd(edited)
I can maybe buy like 1000 VRSC for 0.2kmd each, seems to be in the middle of the digiprice orderbook
bpkdasbaum16-Oct-18 04:45 PM
@Cryptoon There was a screenshot/twitter link earlier stating that all withdrawals work except for some maintenance on fiat deposits
actionslacks16-Oct-18 04:46 PM
I guess everything is just gonna moon all at once then


Complex Domain Coloring
f(z)=
Repeat Texture
Fade Texture
Bilinear Interpolation
Compute!
Recurse!
Uses
Complex-JS
for parsing.


Are you sure you want to leave the group {{group.name}} ? You will lose access to all content restricted to it.
Are you sure you want to remove {{user.username}} from the group {{group.name}} ?


Because of…
XMLHttpRequest
var xhr = new XMLHttpRequest();
xhr.open('GET', url);
xhr.responseType = 'json';
xhr.onload = function() {
console.log(xhr.response);
};
xhr.onerror = function() {
console.log("Booo");
};
xhr.send();
Get rid of jQuery dependency
As all new async APIs proposals, fetch
is based upon promises and can benefit from the inertia with that other APIs and new features.
Example: fetch
+ generators, fetch
+ async
functions, fetch
in Service Worker, and more coming…
GET
fetch(url)
.then(res => res.json(), err => {throw(err)})
.then(data => handleData(data))
.catch(err => handleError(err));
POST
fetch(url, {method: post, headers: ${headers}, body: ${body}})
.then(res => res.json(), err => throw(err))
.then(data => handleData(data))
.catch(err => handleError(err));
Don’t forget to check response status
fetch(url)
.then(
res => {
if (res.status === 200) {
return res.json()
}
throw(res.statusText);
}, err => {throw(err)})
.then(data => handleData(data))
.catch(err => handleError(err));
A fetch return a response.
A response type can be one of the following: basic
, cors
, and opaque
. Also could be default
or error
, but these types are of a different kind.
We can access response metadata.
response.status;
response.statusText;
response.type;
response.url;
Also we can get or set headers.
response.headers.get('Content-Type');
response.headers.get('Date')
fetch(url, {
method: 'post',
headers: {
"Content-type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8"
},
body: 'foo=bar&lorem=ipsum'
})
// …
response.body
is a ReadableStream
.
Streams are nice because they allow us to handle the response data as its arrive (think on media types like video, or large datasets).
fetch
streams support isn’t complete yet.
But we can read response.body
stream with a set of built-in readers.
// One reader for each `response.body` type.
// All of them return a promise.
response.arrayBuffer();
response.blob();
response.formData();
response.json();
response.text();
.cancel
and .finally
fetch
API is still a work in progress.
An update that is coming is the inclusion of a promise’s subclass called tasks.
Subclassing allows an evolving promise API,
with backwards compatibility.
A task is a cancelable promise,
and we can cancel it with .cancel
So a task has a new state added to fullfiled
, pending
or rejected
. It’s canceled
.
A promise's then
always returns a new promise.
But with tasks with can handle that final promise with .finally
More coming into fetch
…
fetch
API by David Walsh.fetch
polyfill.Thanks!


Proposals
accepted for the NASA ROSES 2006 call for Virtual Observatories for
Heliophysics Data (VxO), Heliophysics Division, Science Mission Directorate
(NASA Research Opportunities in Space and Earth Sciences
2006, NNH06ZDA001N)
Robert Candey
Dynamics Explorer (DE)
Data Services Upgrade
NASA GSFC
Summary:
The Dynamics Explorer (DE)
mission from 1981 to 1991 was the first (and only) NASA mission to acquire
simultaneous data from the magnetosphere and the ionosphere-thermosphere for an
in situ study of coupling mechanisms between these two regions. The mission
produced many discoveries as shown by its large number of journal articles.
Although ending 15 years ago, the data are still in high demand on NSSDC and
SPDF's data sites. Some of the datasets are in old formats that can only be
analyzed on ancient equipment and software. Others can be read but are
difficult to learn to use and interpret. This project will recover and
transform these data into modern standard forms with extensive SPASE and other metadata
and made available through CDAWeb's FTP, web and plotting/listing services for
use with many other mission datasets. This will make DE data visible and
accessible to NASA's currently operating space science satellite missions, most
of which are already represented on CDAWeb.
Specifically, we will (1)
generate high-resolution science parameters (particle fluxes) from the DE-1
HAPI and the DE-2 LAPI telemetry-level SATM data, (2) convert the DE-2 FPI data
to CDF (currently offline on old 8mm tapes at NSSDC), and (3) promote DE-1
MAG-A and rest of the DE-2 data to CDAWeb accessibility.
John Cooper
Virtual Cosmic Ray
Observatory (ViCRO)
NASA GSFC
Summary:
We propose to create the
Virtual Cosmic Ray Observatory (ViCRO) to extend planned capabilities of the
heliophysics virtual observatories with a collection of important cosmic ray
datasets with an initial focus on interplanetary solar and heliospheric science
applications. Future versions of ViCRO would eventually address
interdisciplinary applications of these data across the solar, geospace, ITM,
and heliospheric subdisciplines of heliophysics as well as related science of
astrophysics, solar system exploration, and radiation hazard aspects of human
exploration of the solar system. Key science drivers for ViCRO include
enablement of easy multi-sensor and multi-spacecraft data comparison. Recent
work from the Advanced Composition Explorer (ACE) and Voyager spacecraft shows
the science value of intercalibrated flux and cumulative fluence spectra from multiple
sensors with contiguous energy coverage for data-driven investigation of solar
flare and coronal mass ejection events, acceleration and transport of
interplanetary particles within the inner heliosphere, cosmic ray interactions
with planetary surfaces and atmospheres, sources of anomalous cosmic ray ions
in the outer heliosphere, and solar cycle modulation of galactic cosmic rays.
We will identify key operational and legacy missions with appropriate
instruments throughout the heliosphere and geospace (e.g., L1, polar orbit)
that provide relevant datasets spanning the full range of energies, nuclear
composition, and atomic charge states per nucleon for solar, heliospheric, and
galactic cosmic ray particles. Core operational data sources include the Heliospheric
Network (HN) spacecraft. We will collaborate with HN data providers to ensure
availability through a common middleware interface to the distributed holdings
of providers and the availability of both documentation and science expertise
to support the use of data by the heliophysics and other related research
communities. Previous SPDF experience with development of intercalibrated solar
wind data sets for the widely used OMNI database will be applied to enable user
community development of intercalibrated cosmic ray data sets including full
differential flux and fluence spectra created from data of multiple
instruments. Key approaches enabling intercalibration will be to expand the
SPASE ontology to the instrument parameter level, e.g. for energy channel
counting rates, pulse heights, and calibrations, so that relevant lower level
data sets in instrument units can be identified and integrated, and to
implement on-line tools such as matrix browsers appropriate for analysis of
such data. We will collaborate with the already-developing Virtual Heliospheric
Observatory (VHO) to leverage their software and database approach and to
ensure complementarity in the datasets of special ViCRO interest with the
already defined datasets of first VHO interest. We propose to add value to
these distributed holdings through OMNIWeb-like services that will allow access
to multi-spacecraft and multi-sensor data in multiple formats. ViCRO will be
designed to enable services specifically keyed to the special properties of current
cosmic ray instruments and measurements and science effort to best establish
and document relative calibrations and caveats in data usage. The ViCRO
Partnership will be led by the Heliospheric Physics Laboratory (HPL) of NASA
Goddard Space Flight Center with Co-Investigator support from the Applied
Physics Laboratory of the Johns Hopkins University, Fundamental Technologies
Inc., and the University of New Hampshire. HPL project management, heliospheric
science, and VxO data technology staff have long supported implementation and
updates of the Space Physics Data Facility, VHO, and related data systems. This
proposal is relevant to the Virtual Observatories and general Heliophysics
science programs with potential cross-disciplinary relevance to earth and
planetary science, and to radiation hazards for Exploration.
Andrew Davis
Data Services Upgrades
for the ACE Science Center
CalTech
Summary:
This proposal seeks funding
to upgrade the data services provided by the ACE Science Center, managed by
Andrew Davis at the Caltech Space Radiation Laboratory. The ASC is the science
data center for the Advanced Composition Explorer mission. It is the active
archive for the nine instruments aboard the ACE spacecraft, and provides ACE
Browse, Level 2 and Level 3 data to the community. The proposed upgrades will
allow the ASC to continue to provide ACE data in as useful and user-friendly a
manner as possible, by using the latest tools and technologies available, and
by integrating the ASC data service with the emerging Virtual Observatory
system. The specific upgrades proposed include:
- Metadata descriptions of
all ACE Level 2 data products that will be compliant with the Space Physics
Archive Search and Extract (SPASE) data model
- An Application Programming
Interface (API) for the ASC data service that will be com-patible with emerging
VxO standards
- Enhanced data subsetting
capabilities for the ASC data service
- Improved online data
plotting for the ASC data service
The ASC also hosts the
Resident Archive (RA) for the SAMPEX mission. A major factor in the decision to
host the SAMPEX RA at the ASC was to take advantage of existing ASC services
and expertise. The SAMPEX RA would automatically benefit from the data services
upgrades that would be implemented under this proposal, as would any other
datasets served from the ASC in the future (data from the Low Energy Telescope
on STEREO, for example).
Brian Dennis
VxO for Heliophysics Data
- Extending the Virtual Solar Observatory to Incorporate Data Analysis Capabilities
NASA GSFC
Summary:
The goal of this proposal
effort is to enhance the scientific utility of the Virtual Solar Observatory
(VSO) by providing desktop software tools. Presently, the VSO provides a
Web-based utility for finding data sets using metadata search parameters. The result of the search is a set of
links for downloading the data files.
In order to use the downloaded files, the user must have knowledge about
each specific data set and the software needed to read, correct, display, and
compare the data.
We propose to provide
desktop tools that merge the existing search and retrieval architecture behind
the current Web interface to the VSO with analysis and display modules that
will facilitate comparing data from different instruments and from theoretical
predictions. These tools will be
based on modules that we have already developed for the joint analysis of solar
observations.
This proposal is of direct
relevance to achieving NASA's strategic objective to "understand the Sun
and its effects on Earth and the solar system." The resulting capabilities
of the effort will allow scientists to find and use VSO data more easily and
efficiently without worrying about the detailed technical aspects of the
individual instruments.
Specifically we will:
- Provide simple application
programmer interfaces (APIs) that integrate the existing VSO search and
retrieval architecture with corresponding generic analysis and display
modules and instrument-specific
data analysis tools;
- Update and expand our
analysis and display tools for comparing and jointly analyzing light curves,
images, and spectra from different instruments;
- Build interconnected tools
to display the availability of VSO data sets in space, time, and energy
(wavelength) that will allow scientists to more easily select observations of
interest;
- Provide both a
command-line interface and a user-friendly graphical user interface to the
desktop tools for optimum user flexibility;
- Support the development of
GDL (GNU Data Language - a freeware open-source alternative to IDL) to provide
a free alternative to IDL for running not only our new desk-top tools, but also
the core data handling routines of the SolarSoftWare (SSW) library.
Chakravarthy Deverapalli
Data Services Upgrades:
UVI auroral data access to VxO's
U. of Alabama, Huntsville
Summary:
We propose to increase
access to UVI data by providing browse keograms to the existing GAIA auroral
VxO and by upgrading the UVI data server to enable web access to its search and
data delivery functions.
Specifically, we propose to 1)
generate and deliver a collection of browse keograms meeting GAIA
requested specifications for the entire ten-year UVI data collection, 2) add a
custom keogram generation tool to the existing UVI data server, and 3) implement
a web services architecture for the UVI data server to enable
machine-to-machine interaction access to the server functions. The proposed work will enable users to
simultaneously browse ground- and space based auroral images via GAIA. More importantly, it represents a
critical first step to enable inclusion of the full UVI data set in existing or
planned virtual observatories.
Natchimuthuk Gopalswamy
Data Services
Upgrades: A Catalog of Halo CMEs
from SOHO
NASA GSFC
Summary:
The
primary scientific objective of this proposal is to identify the solar sources
of the halo CMEs detected by the SOHO mission and estimate their space speeds
and compile the information in an on-line catalog. This effort will exploit the
availability of inner coronal data from several NASA spacecraft such as SOHO,
Yohkoh, RHESSI, and TRACE to identify the source regions. The data base will be
useful for scientific users involved in Heliophysics research, thereby enabling
enhanced scientific return from NASA’s missions. The key aspect of this effort
is to provide halo CME source information for easy access across the internet
so that candidate geoeffective CMEs can be readily identified. The proposed work enhances the existing
data services at the CDAW Data Center, which participates in the Virtual Solar
Observatory.
Glenn Mason
Data Services Upgrade to
ensure continued flow of data from the Ultra Low Energy Isotope Spectrometer
(ULEIS) instrument on ACE to the ACE Science Center and the VHO
JHU/APL
Summary:
This proposal seeks funding
to upgrade data services for the ACE Ultra-Low Energy Isotope Spectrometer
(ULEIS) generation of Level-1 and Level-2 data. This data is provided by the ULEIS science team at the
JHU/Applied Physics Laboratory to the ACE Science Center where it is available
on-line to the broader scientific community, and will be further linked to the
Virtual Heliospheric Observatory.
The equipment used for this processing is a DEC Alphastation pur-chased
in 1997. DEC equipment is becoming
increasingly difficult and expensive to maintain, with institutions like APL
having dropped site licenses and umbrella maintenance contracts. A failure of this system could
jeopardize the science processing of ULEIS for an extended period. We propose to move the ULEIS processing
to an up-to-date system, which will require modify-ing existing software for
the basic data processing. By
doing this while the existing Alphastation system still operational, and while
ULEIS data is being actively analyzed, it will be possible to better ensure
that the new data product is accurate and thoroughly tested.
Natalia Papitashvili
Data Services Upgrades
for Heliospheric Data Resident at GSFC/SPDF
Perot Systems
Summary:
We propose to facilitate
access to the heliospheric data holdings of the GSFC/SPDF now accessible via
FTP and/or via several independent value-added interfaces (OMNIWeb, COHOWeb,
FTPBrowser) by the development of a single integrating interface. The emphasis
will be on data uniquely accessible from SPDF including value-added products
such as the new High Resolution OMNI and related spacecraft-specific data
products, the traditional hourly OMNI data product, other NSSDC-created
value-added data products (as those in COHOWeb), and other still important data
provided to SPDF or NSSDC over the years and not readily accessible elsewhere.
This will benefit researchers seeking heliospheric magnetic field, plasma and
energetic particle data directly from SPDF and through VxO's, especially the
Virtual Heliospheric Observatory and the Virtual Magnetospheric Observatories.
To further facilitate access by and through the VxO's, we will develop
SPASE-compliant descriptors at the physical parameter level for the data sets
accessible through this new interface. As resources permit, we will extend
SPDF-standard functionalities to some data sets not now enjoying them and will
make certain upgrades to the widely used OMNI data product.
Larry Paxton
Data Services Upgrades:
Augmenting TIMED/GUVI Data with DMSP SSUSI Data
JHU / APL
Summary:
We propose to significantly
upgrade and expand the data services for the Global Ultraviolet Imaging
Database located at The Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory
(http://guvi.jhuapl.edu). The major task we will undertake is to integrate data
from the Special Sensor Ultraviolet Spectrographic Imager (SSUSI) instruments
flying on the Defense Meteorological Satellite Program (DMSP) Block 5D3 F16 and
F17 satellites with the GUVI data services. These SSUSI data are not otherwise
available. In addition we will make improvements to the existing data products,
and providing support for delivering products through the Virtual
Ionosphere-Thermosphere-Mesosphere Observatory (VITMO). As a part of the
proposal we will also upgrade of the existing web service for easy data access,
data visualizations, and science analysis of these new and improved data
products. The standardized data format and metadata supplied will also allow
the data to be accessible from other VxOs for Heliophysics data.
The major advantage of including the SSUSI data is that two
are currently in orbit and operating at fixed local solar times of 8PM/8AM and
6AM/6PM. With three nearly identical instruments we will see a greatly enhanced
science return.
GUVI has demonstrated the
value of low Earth orbit imaging of the thermosphere and ionosphere. There are
two principal limitations of the TIMED platform: 1) the auroral revisit time is
97 minutes 2) the local solar time of the ascending node varies by 24 hours in
120 days. Increasing the number of imagers in low Earth orbit decreases the
revisit time for auroral imagery and improves the estimation of the total
hemispheric power. Since the observations are confined to a single local time
with just GUVI, removing the spatial and temporal ambiguity inherent in
observations of the thermospheric and ionospheric signatures is difficult.
Adding two other local times will increase our ability to determine the
specification of the ionospheric and thermospheric state. The SSUSI on F16 is
ideally situated for studying the origin of ionospheric irregularities as its
orbit plane corresponds exactly with the local time at which these bubbles are
most prevalent (i.e. 8PM). The earlier orbit of F17 (6PM) means that we can
study the role of seasonal illumination changes from one hemisphere to the
other on the production and growth of these irregularities.
Table 1. ROUTINE DATA
PRODUCTS
DAYSIDE - O/N2; limb neutral
density profiles; exospheric temperature
AURORA - Imagery; Boundary;
Flux, Energy, and Hall and Pedersen Conductance
NIGHT - Imagery of arcs and
bubbles; Electron density profile
Alysha Reinard
VxO for Heliophysics
data: Integration of event lists for ICMEs and associated phenomena
U. of Colorado, Boulder
Summary:
The scientific objective of this
proposal is to bring together the often disparate lists of ICME boundaries and
of CME-related quantities in the heliosphere and at the Sun. The boundaries of ICMEs are determined
through various methods and often a single event can have several identified
boundaries, indicating complexity within the event that must be investigated
more fully to achieve a detailed understanding of the dynamic properties of
these events. In addition, to
fully understand the origin and expansion of CME ejecta and the geoeffectiveness
of ICMEs it is necessary to understand the nature of and relationship between
CME related quantities in the heliosphere (such as shocks and composition
enhancements) and at the Sun (such as flares and dimmings). Studies of these quantities will
benefit from a comprehensive list of CME/ICME related parameters. Therefore, we propose to compile a full
list of known CME related events under the auspices of the Virtual Heliospheric
Observatory (VHO).
This project will draw
together event lists from the literature and the internet, including ICME and
magnetic cloud boundaries, ICME/CME associations, and CME-related
phenomena. In addition, several
signatures that are not commonly available will be systematically generated,
including temperature depressions, composition enhancements, and shock
parameters. Each of these event
lists will be available within the event lists search tab of the VHO. Within the proposed interface, the user
will select search dates and event lists of interest. The interface will return one or several event lists and the
option to go to the standard VHO data interface with the time ranges and some
appropriate parameters already selected.
Each item returned will include a reference and a short description of
the method used, including historical context and comparison with similar
techniques. These event lists will
be delivered to the VHO in SPASE/VHO compliant metadata format. Algorithms used to generate additional
signatures will be delivered as IDL code.
This work is expected to
greatly benefit the scientific community by collecting several aspects of
ICME-related information within a single searchable interface imbedded within
the Virtual Heliospheric Observatory.
A comprehensive list of ICME and magnetic cloud boundaries will
facilitate in-depth comparisons between the different methods used for boundary
selection and has the potential to improve the determination of these
boundaries, as well as shed light on the heliospheric processes which give rise
to complex ICME boundaries. A
comprehensive list of CME-related solar quantities, including associated
flares, erupting filaments, dimmings and waves, will be equally beneficial,
particularly when they can be related to eventual ICME observations. This project will facilitate in the
understanding and prediction of CME dynamics, including detailed aspects of CME
initiation, propagation, and expansion.
Aaron Ridley
Integrating VxOs for
Heliophysic Data with Model Repositories
U. of Michigan
Summary:
We Propose to develop a
Virtual Model Repository (VMR) that will focus on providing modeling results to
the community similar to other Virtual Observatories (VxOs). We will address
issues of: (1) the Space Physics Archive Search and Extrace (SPASE) “language”
that is used to communicate within VxOs with respect to incorporating modeling
results (e.g., grids, versions of code, input parameters); (2) handling
extremely large files (subsampling methods); (3) searching for both realistic
and ideal model runs tied to data; (4) caching methods for rapid model result
reuse at the VMR; and (5) contextual and comparative visualization of data
within model results. We will work with model repositories located at the
Community Coordinated Modeling Center, the University of Michigan, and the
National Geophysical Data Center to start. In addition, we will support dynamic
running of models from NASA’s ModelWeb site. Metadata will be produced at each
of the first three sites to become fully SPASE compliant, so other VxOs can
also seamlessly download model results, while access methods will be created at
the VMR for the ModelWeb site, so it appears as if data files exist, when they
are actually dynamically created. We will fully support models of the corona,
heliosphere, magnetosphere, inner magnetosphere and radiation belts,
ionospheric electrodynamics, and ionosphere and/or thermosphere. Because of the
complex nature of the modeling results, we will offer visualization services.
These will be in the form of: (1) modeling results alone; (2) satellite
locations within the context of the modeling results; and (3) direct
comparisons between modeling results and data. All data will be automatically
downloaded from other VxOs when data-model visualization are made.
Wilbert Skinner
Data Services Upgrade:
HRDI MLT temperature, volume emission rate, and ozone
U. of Michigan
Summary:
This proposal seeks funds to
process the High Resolution Doppler Imager (HRDI) data collected from late 1999
until March 2005 and retrieve temperature, volume emission rate, and ozone
profiles in the mesosphere and lower thermosphere. HRDI was an instrument on the Upper Atmosphere Research
Satellite (UARS) and operated from late
1991 until early 2005. Spacecraft anomalies that occurred
starting in late 1999 have to this point prevented reduction of the data from
the last five years of the mission.
These are now well understood and the data can be processed. The temperature and ozone data
complement other data sets such as SABER data on TIMED. Combining UARS and TIMED data provide a
data record more than 15 years long, with a three year overlap that is well
suited for inter-comparison.
The data will be converted
to NetCDF format and made available to the scientific community either directly
through the HRDI web site
(http://hrdi.engin.umich.edu)
or through a virtual observatory such as the Virtual
Ionosphere-Mesosphere-Thermosphere Observatory (VITMO).
Jon Vandegriff
Unified Data Access
Services for Virtual Observatories
JHU/APL
Summary:
We propose to tackle one of
the hardest remaining problems in heliophysical data integration: unified
access to data content. Existing virtual observatories (VxOs) are expected to
make great strides towards the discovery of distributed data by offering a
uniform way to find diverse data. Our proposed mechanism takes data unification
to the next level by providing a way to uniformly access the content within the
diverse, distributed data files discovered by a VxO query. The core of our
unification scheme involves standardized, intermediate, internal
representations for specific types of science measurements. As explained in the
proposal, these intermediate representations allow a data unification system to
be as efficient as possible while maintaining a large amount of flexibility.
Data does not need to be reformatted or served in a new way in order to be
included in the unification mechanism. The key product of our efforts will be a
unification library capable of reading all the datasets that will be served by
the VHO and the VMO. We will also include uniform access mechanisms for some of
the datasets served by the VITMO. We are working with the SPASE group to build
upon their data access standards, and we will solicit community input and
feedback from the SPASE community as well as the VxO user groups. Our
unification library will provide not only a data unification mechanism for the
named VxOs, but will be able to serve as an efficiently expandable framework
capable of providing data content unification to the entire heliophysics community.


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IN THE HIGH COURT OF HIMACHAL PRADESH, SHIMLA CWPIL No.144 of 2017 .
Decided on: 04.10.2018 Court on its own motion ...Petitioner.
Versus State of H.P. & others. ...Respondents.
Coram The Hon'ble Mr. Justice Sanjay Karol, Acting Chief Justice The Hon'ble Mr.Justice Ajay Mohan Goel, Judge Whether approved for reporting? No. For the petitioner: Ms.Jyotsna Rewal Dua, Senior r Advocate, as Amicus Curiae with Ms.Charu Bhatnagar, Advocate.
For the respondents: Mr.Ashok Sharma, Advocate General, with Mr.Ranjan Sharma, Ms.Ritta Goswami and Mr.Nand Lal Thakur, Additional Advocate Generals, for respondents-State.
Mr.Tara Singh Chauhan, Advocate, for respondent No.6 and 14.
Mr.Dushyant Dadwal, Advocate, for respondent No.8.
Mr.Rahul Mahajan, Advocate, for respondent-Indian Railways.
Mr.Anand Sharma and Mr.Karan Sharma, Advocates, for respondent No.11.
Mr.Aman Sood, Advocate, for respondent No.12. ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 2
Mr.R.K. Bawa, Senior Advocate, with Mr.Ajay Kumar, Advocate, for the applicant in CMP No.5863 of 2018.
.
Mr.Suneet Goel, Advocate, for the applicant in CMP No.5755 of 2018.
Sanjay Karol, Acting Chief Justice (Oral) Learned Advocate General states that with the passage of time this petition has become infructuous for the encroachments over the railway line stand removed.
However, Mr.Rahul Mahajan, learned counsel, points out that two persons have yet not handed over the possession despite their undertaking furnished to this Court.
2. Mr.R.K. Bawa, learned Senior Counsel and Mr.Suneet Goel, learned Counsel, have explained the circumstances under which possession could not be handed over and as mutually agreed, on instructions received from their clients, time is extended upto 30.6.2019 to handover the possession.
3. The background leading to the present status is best reflected in our several orders, which we reproduce hereinunder:-
::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 3Order dated 19.09.2017:
By way of this petition, this Court takes suo motto cognizance of the issues which were subject matter of Civil Writ Petition No. 312 of 2017. All the respondents therein are impleaded as party-
.
respondents in the present petition.
Notice. Mr. Anup Rattan, learned Additional Advocate General accepts notice on behalf of respondents No. 1 to 5 and 7. Mr. Rahul Mahajan, learned Counsel accepts notice on behalf of respondents No. 8 and 10. Mr. Dushyant Dadwal, learned Counsel accepts notice on behalf of respondent No. 9. Mr. Anand Sharma, learned Counsel accepts notice on behalf of respondent No. 11. Mr. Aman Sood, learned Counsel accepts notice on behalf of respondent No. 12. Mr. Ashok Sharma, learned Assistant Solicitor General of India accepts notice on behalf of respondent No. 13.
Ms. Jyotsana Rewal Dua, Senior Advocate and Ms. Shalini Thakur, Advocate submit that they have no conflict of interest in continuing to assist the Court in these proceedings. As such, we request them to assist this Court as Amicus.
Mr. Rahul Mahajan, learned Counsel invites our attention to the affidavit filed by Mr. Susheel Kumar, Senior Divisional Engineer-II, in the office of Divisional Railway Manager, Northern Railways, Firozpur Division, indicating the following persons to be the encroachers of type A:
"1. Smt. Kamla Devi W/o Sh. Hari Ram, R/o Village Thakrdwara, Palampur.
2. Smt. Kamla Devi W/o Sh. Hari Ram, R/o Village Thakrdwara, Palampur.
3. Smt. Kamla Devi W/o Sh. Hari Ram, R/o Village Thakrdwara, Palampur.
4. Mr. Lekh Raj s/o Late Sh. Hari Ram, R/o Village Thakrdwara, Palampur.
5. Mr. Subhash Chand S/o Late Sh. Hari Ram, R/o Village Thakrdwara, Palampur.
6. Mr. Anuj Kumar Sood S/o Late Sh. Rattan Chand R/o Village Thakurdwara, Palampur.
7. Mr. Vijay Phailana S/o Sh. Amir Chand, R/o Village Thakurdwara, Palampur.
8. Mr. Raj Kumar S/o Sh. Karam Chand, R/o Village Thakurdwara, Palampur.
9. Mr. Balbir S/o Late Sh. Prem Chand, R/o Village Thakurdwara, Palampur.
10. Mr. Shammi S/o Late Sh. Prem Chand, R/o Village Thakurdwara, Palampur.
11. Mr. Onkar Chand Rana S/o Sh. Bhim Singh R/o Village Thakurdwara, Palampur."::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 4
We direct the Deputy Commissioner, Kangra to forthwith have all encroachments removed from Khasra Nos. 1631, 1632 and 1635, including the ones referred to hereinabove removed and file status report .
in this regard within two days.
Mr. Rahul Mahajan, learned Counsel has also drawn attention of this Court to the affidavit filed by Shri Shailendra Kumar, Senior Divisional Engineer-III in the office of Divisional Railway Manager, Ambala Cantt., indicating following encroachments on Kalka- Shimla Narrow Gauge Section:
"1. Near Jutogh Station by Secretary Mandir Committee.
2. Along Rly. Track near Jutogh St. by Sh. Sohan Lal.
3. Along Rly. Track near Jutog Station by Devender Kumar.
4. Along Rly. Track near Jutogh Station by Sh. R.C. Verma.
5. Along Rly. Track near Jutogh Station by Sh. Sant Ram.
r 6. Along Rly. Track near Jutogh Station by Sh. Dayanand.
7. Below Jutogh Station By Smt. Leelawati.
8. Below Jutogh Station by Sh. Krishan Kr.
9. Below Jutogh Station by Sh. Umed Ram.
10. Below Jutogh Station By Sh. Baboo Ram.
11. Below Jutogh Station By Sh. Sagar Dass.
12. Below Jutogh Station By Smt. Surjit Kaur.
13. below Jutogh Station By Sh. G.S. Gulati.
14. In Soghi yard (SML end) by Shiva Coal Co.
15.Near Goods Shed in Shimla by M/s Krishna Coal Co.
16. Near Goods Shed in Shimla by M/s Graphite Coal Co.
17. Near Goods Shed in Shimla by M/s Punjab Coal Co.
18. Kashmir Coal Co. in Shimla."
He further invites our attention to the affidavit filed by Shri Fakhruddin Ali Ahmad, Senior Divisional Engineer-IV in the office of Divisional Railway Manager, ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 5 Ambala Cantt., indicating the following encroachments on Una-Himachal Section:
"1. 114/6-7, Nangal Dam-Una-Himachal, Temple.
.
2. 118/4-5, Nangal Dam-Una-Himachal, Temple.
3. 11/8-9, Nangal Dam-Una-Himachal, Temple with Gausala.
4. 119/1-2, Nangal Dam-Una-Himachal, Temple.
5. 11/4-6, Nangal Dam-Una-Himachal, Kusht Ashram with temple and school. 6. 124/1-2, Una-Himachal-Chararu-Takrala, School. r 7. 126/2-3, Una-Himachal-Chararu-Takrala, Temple.
8. 141/203, Chararu Takrala-Amb-Andoura, Boundary Wall of Pvt. Building.
9. 141/7-8, Chararu Takrala-Amb-Andoura, Pvt. Building."
We further direct Deputy Commissioners, Shimla, Solan and Una to forthwith have the abovementioned encroachments removed and also file status report in this regard within two days.
If necessary, encroachments be removed with the aid of police and all concerned Superintendents of Police are directed to provide adequate police force.
We clarify that demolition of unauthorized structures(s) / removal of encroachments shall be on the basis of demarcation already carried out by the revenue authorities. Needless to add, cost incurred for undertaking exercise of removal of encroachments shall be recovered from the encroachers as arrears of land revenue.
List on 22nd of September, 2017. Copy dasti."
::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 6Order dated 22.09.2017:
"UNA SECTOR Mr.J.K. Verma, has placed on record affidavit of the Deputy Commissioner, Una. He further states that .
except for one, all encroachments, as pointed out in our order dated 19th September, 2017, stand removed.
CMP No.8281/2017 Mr. Mohit Thakur, Advocate, under instructions from Prithvi Singh Rana, President of the Shiv Mandir Jan Kalyan Sabha Malahat near Peer Nighah Road, Una, requests that the committee of residents of the area has constructed a temple, on the land of the Indian Railways. He further states that the Committee be given adequate time for shifting the temple to another place. As such, they request for time to handover the vacant and peaceful possession of the said area to the Indian Railways on or before 30th June, 2018 and be exempted from paying any use and occupation charges. We take on record the undertaking so made by the President of the Temple, in issued, who is present in Court.
r Independent of the same, we permit the Committee to approach the authorities concerned for regularization of their possession by way of lease, which they shall do within a period of four weeks.
Mr. Rahul Mahajan, Advocate, states that representation, if any, made shall be considered and decided in accordance with law within a period of three months.
It stands clarified that in the event of authorities deciding the said representation favourably, the applicants shall not be bound by their undertaking.
We are informed that sanctum sanctorum has not yet been demolished by the authorities and only the peripheral verandah stands demolished.
Application stands disposed of.
PATHANKOT - JOGINDERNAGAR SECTOR We have also been informed that encroachment on the land of Indian Railways on Pathankot-
Jogindernagar track stand removed.
Let the Deputy Commissioner, Kangra file an affidavit to this effect before the next date of hearing.
Fresh status report be also filed by the railway authorities pertaining to the alleged encroachments referred to at page 173 of the paperbook.
KALKA - SHIMLA SECTOR The Deputy Commissioner, Shimla has placed on record his affidavit, wherein it stands clarified that premises at point Nos.15 to 17 are under the ownership of the State of Himachal Pradesh and not ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 7 the Railways. Be that as it may, the fact of the matter is that these occupiers are not owners of the land.
Insofar as the encroachment at Serial No.5 is concerned, from the affidavit it is clear that the tenants have been put to notice to vacate the property. We .
hope and expect the Deputy Commissioner, Shimla to take possession thereof within a reasonable period of time, which shall not be later than 30th November, 2017.
CMP Nos. 8220, 8221, 8222 and 8278 of 2017 Mr. Suneet Goel and Dr. Lalit Sharma, Advocates, invite our attention to the judgment dated 12th April, 2017, passed by this Court in CWP No.336 of 2003, titled as Union of India vs. M/s Punjab Coal Company. This Court has only held the provisions of the Public Premises (Eviction of Unauthorized Occupants) Act, 1971 not to be applicable. One cannot forget that this Court has been consistently directing the authorities to remove all illegal and unauthorized encroachments over the Railway land.
Insofar as occupiers, being the private applicants, are concerned, Mr. Suneet Goel, Advocate, points out that they have been licensees of the Railways. However, the fact of the matter being that with the expiry of such period, their possession is no longer authorized.
At this stage, Mr. Suneet Goel and Dr. Lalit Sharma Advocates, under instructions from their clients, make the following statement:
(a) Applicants do not dispute the title of the property, which is that of the Indian Railways.
(b) The status of the applicant now is that of an unauthorized occupant.
(c) There is no dispute with regard to the area under their occupation.
(d) Applicants undertake to handover vacant and peaceful possession of the said area to the Indian Railways on or before 30th June, 2018.
(e) In the event of any breach thereof, the applicants shall be deemed to have committed contempt of this Court.
(f) Applicants undertake to pay use and occupation charges till the time possession is handed over to the Railways. However, if possession is handed over before 31.12.2017, there shall be no liability.
Mr.Shailendra Kumar, Senior DEN-3, Ambala Division, who is present in Court, states that Railways ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 8 shall have no objection to such request made by the applicants.
Ordered accordingly. Undertaking of the applicant to be allowed, through their learned counsel is accepted and taken on record, which fact the .
learned counsel states already stands communicated to the applicants. However, let the applicants file their personal affidavits for which purpose alone, the matter be listed on 17th October, 2017. If, however, applicants handover vacant and peaceful possession of the premises to the Indian Railways on or before 31st December, 2017, applicants shall not be liable to pay any use and occupation charges In view of the aforesaid, we clarify our order dated 19th September, 2017 to the extent that no action shall be taken against the applicants till 30th June, 2018 and the said order qua them shall be kept in abeyance. Applications stand disposed of.
Officers need not remain present in Court, unless so directed otherwise.
List on 17th October, 2017.
Copy dasti."
Order dated 24.10.2017:
"CMP No. 8730 of 2017.
Response be positively filed within two weeks. Rejoinder within one week thereafter.
Registry is directed to prepare separate file of all the applications.
From the affidavit dated 16.10.2017 filed by Senior Divisional Engineer-II, Northern Railway Forozpur Division at Forozpur, it is evident that on the Pathankot-Jogindernagar Sector there are 17 cases of encroachments over railway property, out of which in 12 cases encroachment stands removed and possession is now with the railway authorities.
Mr. Rahul Mahajan states that one more encroachment in the case of Sh. Pritam Chand stands removed and possession of the land is with the railway authorities. Insofar as unauthorized possession of another encroacher Sh. Puran Chand is concerned, there is an ex parte decree in his favour and now steps of filing an appeal stand initiated. Let further status report with respect to the said encroachment be filed within a period of three weeks. Also three encroachers are outside the State of H.P.
It appears that averments made in the last five lines of para 4 of the said affidavit are not in consonance with the Indian Railway Works Manual Chapter VIII Clause 807, 808 and 809. Let an affidavit ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 9 indicating the record maintained in compliance of the said Manual and encroachment on the railway track in terms thereof, if any, be filed. We direct Regional Engineer of the concerned division to file his personal affidavit within a period of three weeks.
.
Let affidavit with regard to the status of encroachments, if any, on Kalka-Shimla and Una- Himachal (Talwara) Sector be filed within a period of two weeks from today.
We also direct respondent No.11 to file a fresh status report within a period of four weeks.
List on 14.11.2017."
Order dated 28.11.2017:
"On the basis of record, emanating from CWP No. 312 of 2017, titled as Rajesh Kumar Sood Vs. State of H.P., this Court vide order, dated 19th September, 2017 directed the Registry to register a separate petition, which being the instant petition, was registered as CWPIL No. 144 of 2017. What prompted the Court to register a separate CWPIL, was the importance and significance of the issues, involving larger public interest, canvassed by the writ petitioner, who subsequently, for reasons best known to him, sought to withdraw the petition.
2. In the original petition, the issue primarily pertained to alleged encroachments, carried out by different persons over public land belonging to the railway authorities and more specifically along the railway tracks within the State of Himachal Pradesh.
3. Taking note of the fact that in Himachal Pradesh, there are three railway tracks, one of which is declared as a World Heritage site by UNESCO, this Court, with the registration of the present petition, on 19th September, 2017, issued certain directions for removing encroachments over the railway property.
4. We were concerned with three railway tracks, namely: (i) Kalka-Shimla Heritage Track ; a UNESCO World Heritage site ; (ii) Pathankot-Jogindernagar railway track, again a Century old railway track and (iii) Nangal-Talwara track.
5. Happily, large number of encroachments already stand removed and unauthorized structures demolished. Some work in this regard is still pending.
6. Further, during the course of hearing of the instant petition, we were informed that inspection for renewal of Heritage status of Kalka-Shimla railway line as World Heritage UNESCO Site is likely to take place in the near future, as renewal has to take place within one year from now. We were also informed that there ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 10 were certain places on this track where sewage/waste water was being openly thrown. In this background, on 14th November, 2017, we passed the following order :-
"Mr. Rahul Mahajan, learned counsel for Indian .
Railways states that on Kalka-Shimla Track there are certain places where sewage/waste water from private houses is being openly thrown on the railway track. Let respondent No. 10-Divisional Manager file his personal affidavit pointing out such places within a week. Let the said Officer remain present in the Court on 21.11.2017.
We are also informed that the inspection for renewal of the Heritage status of the Kalka-Shimla Railway Line as a World Heritage UNESCO Site is likely to take place in the near future and within one year from today. In the affidavit, let respondent No. 10- Divisional Manager explain the steps taken for meeting out the requirements of renewal."
7. On the next date of hearing, we were informed by the railway authorities that despite written communication(s), no action was taken by the authorities, constituted under the Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974 (hereinafter referred to as the Act) and other environmental laws of the land. Consequently, we impleaded the H.P. State Pollution Control Board as a party and issued notice.
8. Mr. Rahul Mahajan, Advocate, also stated that at Parwanoo, an industrial township, effluents were being released by certain industries/polluters in open streams. Discharge of such effluents is causing severe damage to the railway property, more so bridges which are century old.
9. In response thereto, Mr. Tara Sigh Chauhan, Advocate, learned counsel for the Board, has today handed over to us an affidavit, revealing shocking state of affairs, vis-a-vis the functioning of the authorities under the Act and implementation of environmental laws. There is neither any Sewerage Treatment Plant nor any Solid Waste Processing Unit at Parwanoo. Also, there is no mechanism to process the effluents. At this point of time, we need not say more, save and except, that only on the prodding of the Court, the Board rose from slumber and issued notice for disconnection of electricity of one of the stake holders. We are informed that the duty cast under the environmental laws is actually that of Municipal Council, Parwanoo, to whom notice of disconnection of electricity already stands issued.
10. At this stage, Mr. Rahul Mahajan, Advocate, informs that insofar as the specific site of the bridge, ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 11 which is likely to be effected as a result of effluent being openly discharged by the industrial units, there are four more polluters, namely (i) Daljeet Electroplanting; (ii) Aadhunik Agro Pvt. Ltd ; (iii) Shivalik Industrial Limited and (iv) Universal Power .
Product. This is as per instructions imparted by Mr. D.K. Bajan, ADEN, Shimla, Northern Railways.
11. Under these circumstances, we direct the Secretary, H.P. Pollution Control Board to forthwith have the site inspected and if necessary, issue orders for disconnection of electricity and water connection of these polluting units.
12. We implead H.P. State Electricity Board, through its Secretary, Kumar House, Shimla as party respondent. Mr. Vivek Sharma, Advocate, waives notice.
13. Mr. Satyen Vaidya, learned Senior Advocate, states that with the orders being issued by the Pollution Control Board, electricity of the units shall be disconnected forthwith. Mr. Anup Rattan, learned Additional Advocate General, states that water connection shall also be disconnected.
14. r Mr. Shrawan Dogra, learned Advocate General, states that all assistance shall be rendered by the district administration, including deployment of police force, if so required.
15. It is not in dispute before us that within the territorial limits of Municipal Council, Parwanoo, there is neither a sewage treatment plant nor any mechanism for processing and dealing with municipal solid waste.
16. Mr. T.S. Chauhan, Advocate, invites our attention to the fact that since the year 2015, Pollution Control Board has been taking up the issue with the authorities, but the fact of the matter being that at the ground level, nothing has been done and things have remained as it is.
17. At this stage, Ms. Seema Guleria, Advocate, who is otherwise assisting the Court as an Amicus Curiae in other matters, states that new technology (Black Hole) is available to deal with solid waste, and that too, at low cost and in an efficient manner. And all this, without segregating the waste material. She states that the entrepreneur possessing such technology has approached the authorities, highlighting that certain States have already used the same. Well, at this stage, we do not want to comment about the feasibility thereof, but definitely it requires consideration of the authorities and as such, we leave it open for them to do so at the earliest.
::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 1218. We direct the Secretary (Urban Development) to file a separate affidavit dealing with the issue, more specifically the mechanism which can be provided on urgent basis in dealing with municipal solid waste at Parwanoo.
.
19. Since Parwanoo is the first industrial township of the State and Gateway to the State of Himachal Pradesh, we are certain that sold waste and sewage cannot be allowed to be thrown in the open and kept unprocessed. As such, we deem it appropriate to segregate this issue and direct registration of a separate CWPIL to exclusively deal with the same. Registry to take necessary action.
20. The following shall be impleaded as party- respondents in the same:-
1. State of Himachal Pradesh through Secretary (Urban Development) to the Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla.
2. Principal Secretary (Industrial) to the Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla.
3. Principal Secretary (Urban Development) to the Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla. r 4. Principal Secretary (Irrigation & Public Health) to the Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla.
5. Pollution Control Board, through its Member Secretary, Himachal Pradesh, Shimla.
6. Union of India, through its Secretary (Environment), Government of India, New Delhi.
7. Northern Railway through its Divisional Manager, Ambala (Haryana).
8. Himachal Pradesh State Electricity Board, through its Secretary, Kumar House, Shimla.
9. Deputy Commissioner, Solan, District Solan, Himachal Pradesh.
10. Municipal Council, Parwanoo, through its Executive Officer, District Solan, H.P.
11. Engineer-in-Chief (I.P.H.), U.S. Club, Shimla.
21. Notice. Mr. Anup Rattan, learned Additional Advocate General, appears and waives service of notice on behalf of respondents No.1,2,3,4,9 & 11; Mr. Tara Singh Chauhan, Advocate, waives notice on behalf of respondent No.5; Mr. Ashok Sharma, learned ASGI, assisted by Ms. Sukarma Sharma, Advocate, on behalf of the Union of India-respondent No.6; Mr. Rahul Mahajan, Advocate, on behalf of Indian Railways- respondent No.7; and Mr. Vivek Sharma, Advocate, on behalf of H.P. State Electricity Board-respondent No.8. Notice to M.C. Parwanoo. Service to be effected through Secretary, H.P. Pollution Control Board.
22. We request Ms. Jyotsna Rewal Dua, learned Senior Advocate, to also assist as an Amicus Curiae in the same. Orders, dated 14th November, 2017, 21st ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 13 November, 2017, 27th November, 2017 as also present order alongwith the affidavit filed by the Pollution Control Board shall be placed on the file of this petition. Registry to supply paper book, complete in all respects, to all learned counsel by 29th November, .
2017.
23. Similarly, on the issue of renewal of Heritage status of the Kalka-Shimla Railway line as World Heritage UNESCO Site, we direct the Registry to separately register a fresh petition. On our request Mr. B.C. Negi, learned Senior Advocate, and Mr. Arjun K. Lall, Advocate, have agreed to assist in this petition as Amicus Curiae. The following shall be impleaded as party-respondents:-
1. Union of India, through its Secretary (Environment), Government of India, New Delhi.
2. Ministry of Railways, through its Secretary, Government of India, New Delhi.
3. State of Himachal Pradesh through Chief Secretary to the Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla.
4. Principal Secretary (Tourism) to the r Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla.
5. Director (Tourism), Government of Himachal Pradesh, Shimla.
6. Northern Railway, through its Divisional Manager, Ambala, (Haryana).
24. Notice. Mr. Ashok Sharma, learned ASGI assisted by Ms. Sukarma Sharma, Advocate, appears and waives service of notice on behalf of U.O.I.-respondents No.1&2; Mr. Anup Rattan, learned Additional Advocate General, on behalf of respondents No. 3 to 5; and Mr. Rahul Mahajan, Advocate, on behalf of respondent No.
6. List on 1st December, 2017. ."
Order dated 09.01.2018:
"CMP Nos. 360, 8731, 8762, 9535, 9536, 10847 of 2017 This is in continuation of our orders, dated 15th May, 2017, 3rd July, 2017, 24th July, 2017, 31st July, 2017, and 4th September, 2017, passed in CWP No. 312 of 2017, titled as Rajesh Kumar Sood Vs. State of H.P. and order, dated 22nd September, 2017 passed in the instant petition i.e. CWPIL No. 144 of 2017.
2. Pursuant to the aforesaid orders, the present applicants, filed undertaking(s) agreeing to hand over the vacant and peaceful possession of the premises in his/their possession on or before 30th June, 2018. We ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 14 had clarified that if the petitioners were to hand over possession before 31st December, 2017, they would be absolved from the liability of a payment of amounts towards rent/lease money/occupation charges, so claimed by various authorities. This for the reason that .
for decades no action was taken by the authorities and the possessors had agreed to handover land under their possession.
3. The said undertakings, in terms of the order, are on record.
4. We are informed that one such occupant, handed over possession, in terms of undertaking, recorded in order, dated 22nd September, 2017. However, the railway authorities did not cordon off the said area, so vacated by the applicant, with the result that it has now become a dumping ground. There is none to check the same, with the result that it has also become a source of health hazard. In fact, it is a nuisance.
5. In terms of the present applications, some of the applicants, who are still in possession of the area in his/their occupation and are bound in terms of our order, dated 22nd September, 2017, have offered to redevelop the vacated land at their own cost and expense, subject to the satisfaction and supervision of the railway authorities. Such development, according to the applicants, has to be strictly in accordance with the Municipal Laws.
6. As per the railways, such developmental activity can take place only by them and not by private person(s).
7. We cannot be oblivious of the fact that possession of the premises in question came to be handed over to railways only pursuant to the directions issued by this Court in writ petitions, referred to supra. For decades, authorities did not take any action worth its name in this regard. Be that as it may, we are of the considered view that interest of justice would be best served if a direction is issued to the railway authorities to either develop the said land of its own or through the applicants or on the basis of build, operate and transfer basis. The land cannot be allowed to lie unused, for it would further become a source of nuisance to the residents of the area. In fact, development would not only generate revenue but also enhance the value of the property. It can be put to appropriate public use.
8. As such, we dispose of all these applications with the following directions to the railway authorities:-
::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 15(a) Develop the land either of its own or on Built, Operate and Transfer basis, with or without the applicants/possessors, as the case may be ;
(b) In the event of the site being developed either way and the property being put to use other than for .
personal use of the railways, all the applicants/possessors who have already vacated the land, shall have preferential right of allotment of the space in the property, provided of course, subject to the payment of such dues as the parties would mutually determine;
(c) How best the land is to be utilized is to be considered by the railway authorities, but then they cannot allow the land to be kept unused. As such, we direct the railway authorities to take decision positively within a period of two months from today.
9. Insofar as the averments made in the application being CMP No. 10847 qua alleged unauthorized encroachment by Gurmeet Singh and Harnam Kaur are concerned, if that be so, we direct the railway authorities to take appropriate action, in accordance with law within a period of two weeks. We clarify that it shall be open for the railway authorities to take action on lines similar to the one, which we had directed, against the present applicants. Also, if the railways find any difficulty, they can approach the District Authorities seeking assistance/implementation of the order, passed by this Court.
10. Learned Advocate General states that all assistance shall be rendered by the District Administration, including the Superintendent of Police for removing such alleged encroachment(s), if any.
11. In view of the undertakings, so filed by each one of the applicants, we also modify our order, dated 22nd September, 2017 with regard to the payment of use and occupation charges. If the possession is handed over in terms of the undertaking(s) on or before 31st March, 2018, and not 31st December, 2017, none of the applicants shall be liable to pay any amount as use and occupation charges. Similarly, if any one of the encroachers/occupants has handed over possession of the property, which was under their possession, to the railway authorities, they shall not be liable to pay any amount towards use and occupation charges save and except the one which they were otherwise liable to pay in terms of the lease deed, if any executed between the parties.
12. We are in agreement with the submission made by Mr. Negi, learned Senior Advocate, appearing for the applicant in CMP No. 8731 of 2017 that the said applicant is liable to pay only a sum of Rs. 8,82,807/- as lease rent which the applicant through counsel undertakes to deposit on or before 31st March, 2018.
::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 16The railways cannot be oblivious of the fact that only with the assistance of this Court, more than 100 persons stand evicted from railway property and all litigations with regard thereto have come to an end. Balancing the equity, we have passed the aforesaid .
order. With the passing of this order, all cases pending before all forums, qua the present applicants shall be deemed to be disposed of. Applications stand disposed of.
13. Registry is directed to segregate the applications and place them in a separate file. CWP No. 144 of 2017 List the matter on the date already fixed."
4. We may also notice that with regard to the protection, preservation and maintenance of another project of national importance having facility of haulage way trolley established almost a century ago was taken up and authorities filed affidavits indicating its proper maintenance and the work of reservation/restoration of the said railway track (haulage).
We are sure that the authorities shall continue to maintain said track commonly known as Shanan-Power House Railway Haulage Track.
Needless to add, it shall be open for the
5. Railway Authorities to initiate the process for physically developing its land, in accordance with law.
6. With the aforesaid observations, we close the present proceedings. Before parting, we wish to place on record with appreciation qua the efforts put in by Ms.Jyotsna Rewal Dua, learned Amicus Curiae, who, on ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP 17 the instructions of this Court, obtained the necessary feedback.
.
Pending application(s), if any, also stands disposed of.
( Sanjay Karol) Acting Chief Justice ( Ajay Mohan Goel ) Judge October 4, 2018 (Purohit/PK) ::: Downloaded on - 11/10/2018 22:56:21 :::HCHP


Run `jasmine-node spec/` instead of opening this file. I'm only using it for syntax errors, which jasmine-node handles badly.


--- title: An introduction to the Jupyter notebook keywords: fastai sidebar: home_sidebar nb_path: "venv/lib/python3.9/site-packages/nbformat/tests/test2.ipynb" ---
"This is the new Jupyter notebook"
You can re-execute the same cell over and over as many times as you want. Simply put your
cursor in the cell again, edit at will, and type Shift-Enter
to execute.
Tip: A cell can also be executed
in-place, where IPython executes its content but leaves the cursor in the same cell. This is done by
typing Ctrl-Enter
instead, and is useful if you want to quickly run a command to check something
before tping the real content you want to leave in the cell. For example, in the next cell, try issuing
several system commands in-place with Ctrl-Enter
, such as pwd
and then ls
:
ls
In a cell, you can type anything from a single python expression to an arbitrarily long amount of code (although for reasons of readability, you should probably limit this to a few dozen lines):
def f(x):
"""My function
x : parameter"""
return x+1
print "f(3) = ", f(3)
When you start a new notebook server with ipython notebook
, your
browser should open into the Dashboard, a page listing all notebooks
available in the current directory as well as letting you create new
notebooks. In this page, you can also drag and drop existing .py
files
over the file list to import them as notebooks (see the manual for
further details on how these files are
interpreted).
Once you open an existing notebook (like this one) or create a new one, you are in the main notebook interface, which consists of a main editing area (where these cells are contained) as well as a collapsible left panel, a permanent header area at the top, and a pager that rises from the bottom when needed and can be collapsed again.
This panel contains a number of panes that can be collapsed vertically by clicking on their title bar, and the whole panel can also be collapsed by clicking on the vertical divider (note that you can not drag the divider, for now you can only click on it).
The Notebook section contains actions that pertain to the whole notebook,
such as downloading the current notebook either in its original format
or as a .py
script, and printing it. When you click the Print
button,
a new HTML page opens with a static copy of the notebook; you can then
use your web browser's mechanisms to save or print this file.
The Cell section lets you manipulate individual cells, and the names should be fairly self-explanatory.
The Kernel section lets you signal the kernel executing your code.
Interrupt
does the equivalent of hitting Ctrl-C
at a terminal, and
Restart
fully kills the kernel process and starts a fresh one. Obviously
this means that all your previous variables are destroyed, but it also
makes it easy to get a fresh kernel in which to re-execute a notebook, perhaps
after changing an extension module for which Python's reload
mechanism
does not work. If you check the 'Kill kernel upon exit' box, when you
close the page IPython will automatically shut down the running kernel;
otherwise the kernels won't close until you stop the whole
The Help section contains links to the documentation of some projects
closely related to IPython as well as the minimal keybindings you need to
know. But you should use Ctrl-m h
(or click the QuickHelp
button at
the top) and learn some of the other keybindings, as it will make your
workflow much more fluid and efficient.
The Configuration section at the bottom lets you change some values related to the display of tooltips and the behavior of the tab completer.
Whenever IPython needs to display additional
information, such as when you type somefunction?
in a cell, the notebook
opens a pane at the bottom where this information is shown. You can keep
this pager pane open for reference (it doesn't block input in the main area)
or dismiss it by clicking on its divider bar.
The notebook uses the same underlying machinery for tab completion that
IPython uses at the terminal, but displays the information differently.
 If you type more characters while this list is open,
IPython automatically eliminates from the list options that don't match the
new characters; once there is only one option left you can hit Tab
once
more (or Enter
) to complete. You can also select the completion you
want with the arrow keys or the mouse, and then hit Enter
.
In addition, if you hit Tab
inside of open parentheses, IPython will
search for the docstring of the last object left of the parens and will
display it on a tooltip. For example, type list(<TAB>
and you will
see the docstring for the builtin list
constructor:
list(
The Jupyter notebook works on a client/server model where an IPython kernel starts in a separate process and acts as a server to executes the code you type, while the web browser provides acts as a client, providing a front end environment for you to type. But one kernel is capable of simultaneously talking to more than one client, and they do not all need to be of the same kind. All IPython frontends are capable of communicating with a kernel, and any number of them can be active at the same time. In addition to allowing you to have, for example, more than one browser session active, this lets you connect clients with different user interface features.
For example, you may want to connect a Qt console to your kernel and use it as a help
browser, calling ??
on objects in the Qt console (whose pager is more flexible than the
one in the notebook). You can start a new Qt console connected to your current kernel by
using the %qtconsole
magic, this will automatically detect the necessary connection
information.
If you want to open one manually, or want to open a text console from a terminal, you can
get your kernel's connection information with the %connect_info
magic:
%connect_info
raw_input
and %debug
The one feature the notebook currently doesn't support as a client is the ability to send data to the kernel's
standard input socket. That is, if the kernel requires information to be typed interactively by calling the
builtin raw_input
function, the notebook will be blocked. This happens for example if you run a script
that queries interactively for parameters, and very importantly, is how the interactive IPython debugger that
activates when you type %debug
works.
So, in order to be able to use %debug
or anything else that requires raw_input
, you can either use a Qt
console or a terminal console:
%qtconsole
finds all the necessary connection data for you.%connect_info
while still in the notebook, and then copy and paste the
resulting information, using qtconsole
or console
depending on which type of client you want.As the 'tour' notebook shows, the Jupyter notebook has fairly sophisticated display capabilities. In addition
to the examples there, you can study the display_protocol
notebook in this same examples folder, to
learn how to customize arbitrary objects (in your own code or external libraries) to display in the notebook
in any way you want, including graphical forms or mathematical expressions.
As we've explained already, the notebook is just another frontend talking to the same IPython kernel that you're already familiar with, so the same options for plotting support apply.
If you start the notebook with --pylab
, you will get matplotlib's floating, interactive windows and you
can call the display
function to paste figures into the notebook document. If you start it with
--pylab inline
, all plots will appear inline automatically. In this regard, the notebook works identically
to the Qt console.
Note that if you start the notebook server with pylab support, all kernels are automatically started in
pylab mode and with the same choice of backend (i.e. floating windows or inline figures). But you can also
start the notebook server simply by typing ipython notebook
, and then selectively turn on pylab support
only for the notebooks you want by using the %pylab
magic (see its docstring for details).
%pylab inline
plot(rand(100))
By default the notebook only listens on localhost, so it does not expose your computer to attacks coming from the internet. By default the notebook does not require any authentication, but you can configure it to ask for a password before allowing access to the files.
Furthermore, you can require the notebook to encrypt all communications by using SSL and making all connections using the https protocol instead of plain http. This is a good idea if you decide to run your notebook on addresses that are visible from the internet. For further details on how to configure this, see the security section of the manual.
Finally, note that you can also run a notebook with the --read-only
flag, which lets you provide access
to your notebook documents to others without letting them execute code (which can be useful to broadcast
a computation to colleagues or students, for example). The read-only flag behaves differently depending
on whether the server has a password or not:
The first case above makes it easy to broadcast on the fly an existing notebook by simply starting a second notebook server in the same directory as the first, but in read-only mode. This can be done without having to configure a password first (which requires calling a hashing function and editing a configuration file).


Fake News
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Syrian Army attacks jihadist forces in northeast Latakia: video
by News DeskBEIRUT, LEBANON (12:15 P.M.) – The Syrian Arab Army (SAA) continued their attacks against the jihadist forces in northeastern Latakia this past week, as their 4th Division hammered the terrorist positions around the town of Kabani.
In a video posted this past weekend, the Syrian Arab Army’s elite 42nd Brigade (Ghiath Forces) can be seen firing rockets towards the jihadist defenses in the Kabani area of northeastern Latakia.


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SJSU CS Wiki Use Cases
A copy of the SJSU CS wiki curated by Cay Horstmann. Retrieved from the Internet Archive.
Version 1.127 last modified by Administrator on 24/04/2008 at 19:06
The Very First Proposal
Similar to other proposals, but deserves mention since it’s the earliest proposal on record.
public property String foo; a->Foo = b->Foo;
Marking Properties
A property Keyword
15 up votes, 1 down vote
We need to somehow tag properties. The most commonly proposed choice of keyword is, duh, property.
Stephen Colebourne:
public bean Person { // properties property String forename; property String surname; // normal fields and methods private String ordinaryField; public boolean validate() { ... } }
Final properties
0 up votes, 8 down votes
Peter von der Ahe suggests that read-only properties can be marked with the final keyword.
final property String name = "Name"; property String address;
becomes
final private String name = "Name"; public String getName() { return name; } private String address; public String getAddress() { return address; } public void setAddress(String address) { this.address = address; }
Context-sensitive keywords
5 up votes, 8 down votes
Remi Forax points out that property can be a “context-sensitive” keyword. It is only taken as a keyword in a specific location. If you have existing code that has a method or variable named “property”, that code will continue to compile.
Similarly, get and set can be context-sensitive keywords for controlling the getter and setter generation.
class MyBean { public property String name1; // read-write public property String name2 get; // read-only public property String name3 set; // write-only public property String name4 get set; // illegal public property String name5 get { return "hello"; } // read-only public property String name6 set(String name) { } // write-only private String _name7; public property String name7 get { return _name7; } set(String name) { _name7 = name; firePropertyChange(name7); } // read-write }
Using a Token
Nobody likes the idea of introducing new keywords to the language. Remember the pain when enum was added and you had to rename all your variables that were so named? An alternative is to use some kind of token.
2 up votes, 13 down votes
public class LineItem { public int @ quantity; ... }
- http://weblogs.java.net/blog/cayhorstmann/archive/2006/06/say_no_to_prope.html
- http://weblogs.java.net/blog/cayhorstmann/archive/2007/01/arrows_in_the_b.html
Here, the @ token is used to mark a property because the same proposal uses the .@ operator for property access. One would want to use a token that is similar to that of the property access operator. For example, if you use :: for propery access person::name
then a property might be marked as
public String ::name
Using the Presence of Getters and Setters
9 up votes, 4 down votes
class MyBean { public String name1 get set; // read-write property public String name2 get; // read-only property public String name3 set; // write-only property public String name4; // public field public String name5 get { return "hello"; } // read-only, custom getter public String name6 get set { name6 = value; } // read-write, custom setter }
Using Braces
0 up votes, 13 down votes
This proposal marks properties simply with braces.
// Trivial case: // type name lowercased is property name, public getter and setter, protected member variable public RuntimeOptions {} // protected getter and setter, static, nondefault name protected static RuntimeOptions options {} RuntimeOptions options { private value; // member variable is private instead of protected public getValue(); // streamlined syntax for the obvious trivial case public setValue(); // streamlined syntax for the obvious trivial case } RuntimeOptions options { public getValue(); public setValue(RuntimeOptions newValue) { value = newValue; sideEffects(); } }
Always Autogenerate Getters/Setters
0 up votes, 15 down votes
This proposal auto-generates getters and setters for all fields.
public class User { private String name; private int age; } User u = new User(); u.setName("fname lname"); assertEquals("fname lname", u.getName());
No Syntax for Declaring Properties
2 up votes, 10 down votes
This proposal suggests that that getters/setters are defined as usual, only access/mutation is enhanced.
public class Test { private int val; private NotifyObject not; public int getVal() { return val; } public void setVal(int val) { this.val = val; not.valChanged(val); } } Test t = new Test(); t.val = 6; System.out.println("Val: " + t.val);
Variants of the Property Access Operator
A common complaint is that using the dot operator for properties makes it hard to distinguish between member access and property access. Here are some of the various operators that have been proposed as alternatives:
The Arrow Operator
0 up votes, 14 down votes
struct FooBean { Foo foo; } struct Point { int x, y; } Point p = new Point(); p->x = p->y = 0; // oh joy
Double Colon
1 up votes, 11 down votes
The -> operator was, of course, lifted from C/C++. The other C++ operator worth considering would be the :: (scope resolution) which you can consider a “fat dot”.
Point p = new Point(1, 2); p::x = p::y; // oh bliss
Double Wow
0 up votes, 14 down votes
String foo = "bar"; a !! foo = b !! "bar"
Dot and @ Sign
3 up votes, 11 down votes
student.@name = "Alex"; student.@major = "CS"; student.@classes = new String[] {"Database Systems", "Compilers"}; System.out.println(student.@name + ", whose major is " + student.@major + ", is taking the following class: " + student.@classes[1]);
No Property Access Operator
2 up votes, 13 down votes
Mikael Grev suggests to auto-generate the getters and setters, but not to provide any property access operator.
@Property(bound = true) public property String donkeyName = "";
would still be accessed with
String s = bean.getDonkeyName(); bean.setDonkeyName(String s);
Come On, Use The Dot
16 up votes, 2 down votes
Lots of other languages do just fine using the dot for both member and property access. See jhook’s comment in http://weblogs.java.net/blog/cayhorstmann/archive/2007/01/arrows_in_the_b.html#comments"
Overriding Getters and Setters
Auto-generated getters and setters will work in many (most?) cases, but sometimes we need to override them.
Add JavaBeans Style Getter/Setter
10 up votes, 3 down votes
The easiest approach is to simply add getFoo/setFoo methods when the default ones won’t do the job.
Here, the getter is auto-generated, and the setter is explicitly supplied.
public class Student public property name; public void setName(String value) { if (value != null) name = value; } ... }
Add get/set Methods After Property
7 up votes, 5 down votes
In C#, the getter and setter methods are defined immediately after the property. In C#, one must always supply them, but most proposals in Java use this as a mechanism to override the default generation.
public Color bgColor get { return _bgColor; } set { // implied 'value' param of type Color _bgColor = value; repaint(100); }; // public property of type Color (default setter/getter) public Color fgColor get set;
Access Property As default
When accessing a property in a getter or setter, you want to access the underlying field, not make a recursive call. This proposal suggests to use the keyword default to eliminate any confusion.
2 up votes, 9 down votes
public String name get { return default; } set(v/* type expression here is redundant */) { validate(v); default = v; } public int trivialRWProperty get set; // read-write property public Date justROProperty get { return new Date(); }; // read-only property public int x get; // compile-time error (?) }
Using Annotations
Note: It is tempting to use annotations, thereby avoiding the introduction of a new keyword. However, it is against the spirit of annotations. Annotations are not supposed to modify the bytecodes of the class that is being compiled. In a managed environment, such as EJB3, code can be edited at load time, but that won’t work for client-side Java.
Alexandre Alves
import javax.lang.Property; public class Student { /** * Property annotation generates getters and setters */ @Property private String name; @Property private String major; @Property private String[] classes; public static void main(String args[]) { Student student = new Student(); student.@name = "Alex"; student.@major = "CS"; student.@classes = new String[] {"Database Systems", "Compilers"}; System.out.println(student.@name + ", whose major is " + student.@major + ", is taking the following class: " + student.@classes[1]); } }
Implementation available. (Alexandre modified the Java 5 compiler so that it generates the getters/setters and deals with .@ expressions as lvalues and rvalues.)
Tom Eugelink
public class Student { @get String name; public void setName(name) { if (name != null) this.name = name; } ... }
Alternate forms:
@get @set String name; @get @set @PropChange String name; @get @set @PropChange @VetoChange String name;
Gamigin
class MyClass { // defaults to providing both getter and setter. @PublicProperty protected int xyz; }
Ramnivas Laddad
public class Person { @Property(ReadOnly) private long id; @Property private String name; }
Jesse Wilson
public class Person { private @Property(ObservableProperty.class) String surname; }
Danny Lagrouw
public class Person { // Will generate getter and setter: private String lastname; // Will generate getter: @FieldReader protected String firstname; // Will generate setter: @FieldWriter public Integer age; ... } @FieldAccess(access=NO_ACCESS) public class Address { // Will not generate anything because of class-level annotation: private String street; }
Property Objects
These are not proposals for extending the language with first-class support for properties but rather variations on the theme of simulating properties with fields of a generic Property type.
Some of the shortcomings of properties as objects (identified and discussed by multiple people) are:
- Rely on discipline, not enforced by compiler
- Not compatible with standard & other java apis JavaBeans / JMX etc without byte-code instrumentation
- Not efficient – too many objects on heap – imagine a class with 100s of properties
- Not efficient – typecasting with generics or memorization of many new class names (IntProperty, BooleanProperty …)
John McClean
2 proposals, first one is like the rest but the second one is interesting: host-aware property objects. Quote:
public class Property<E,T>{ private T value private E host; public Property(E host){ this.host =host; } public Property(E host,T value){ set(value); this.host = host; } public T get(){ return value; } public E set(T value){ this.value = value; return host; } } public class Person { final public Property<Person,String> name = new Property<Person,String>(this); final public Property<Person,Integer> age = new Property<Person,Integer>(this); }
We can even chain setters
Person p = new Person(); p.name.set("bill").age.set(25);
Joseph Ottinger
public class NewBean { public final Property<Integer> x = new PropertyImpl<Integer>(); } NewBean b = new NewBean(); b.x.set(5); b.x.get();
Christopher
class Employee extends Person { public final Address workAddress = new Address(); public final USPhone workPhone = new USPhone(); } /* usage */ public class PersonTest { public static void main(String[] args) { Employee emp = new Employee(); emp.firstName.setValue("christopher"); emp.phone.setValue("5554443333"); emp.address.street.setValue(" 1234 mocking bird lane"); // output -- note the proper capitalization from NameField System.out.println(emp.firstName); // Christopher System.out.println(emp.workPhoneName); //<PHONE_NUMBER> System.out.println(emp.address.street); // 1234 Mocking Bird Lane } }
JP Moresmau
public class PersonBean { public final IFullProperty name=new NonNullProperty(); public final IReadProperty id; public final IFullProperty email=new FullProperty(){ @Override public void set(String value) { if (value.indexOf('@')==-1){ throw new IllegalArgumentException("email does not contain @"); } super.set(value); } }; public PersonBean(int id,String name){ this.name.set(name); this.id=new ReadOnlyProperty(id); } } bean.getName() -> bean.name.get() bean.setName(name) -> bean.name.set(name)
Joda
String surname = person.getSurname(); // JavaBeans style, or... String surname = person.surname().get(); // Joda style
Ricky Clarkson
class Person { public final Property<String> name=new DirectProperty<String>("unknown"); }
Matthias Ernst
public final RWProperty<String> name = new Slot<String>(); mernst.name.get(); mernst.name.set("matthias"); mernst.name.attachListener(...); label.bind(mernst.name);
nicba
public class Example3 { final Property name = new Property(); public static void main(String[] args) { new Example3().runExample(); } private void runExample() { System.out.println(name.get()); name.set("John Smith"); } }
bean-properties project (Shai Almog)
public class NewBean { public final Property<Integer> x = new PropertyImpl<Integer>(); }
Which you use like this:
NewBean b = new NewBean(); b.x.set(5); b.x.get();
See bean-properties project analysis - Nikolay Botev’s analysis of the features of the bean-properties project and how they compare to native property syntax in general.
Bean-Independent Properties (Jesse Wilson)
public property Property<Customer,String> city = new BasicPropertyBuilder(property("")) .nonNull() .observable(##propertyChangeSupport) .build();
Which you use like this:
Customer customer = ... String city = customer#city; customer#city = "San Francisco";
Comments
Comment: 29.12.2007 at 05:58 PM, Anonymous
Why not just copy what C# 2, 3 and 3.5 is doing?
Declaring properties:
// Default implementation with simple getter and (protected setter). Creates an anonymous field to go with it. public property String name { get; protected set; } // Supply your implementation if you need it private int _age; public property int age { get { return _age; } set { _age = value; } }
Access. Just use a dot. Deal with conflicts between identically named properties and fields the same way that c# does. (the .net runtime does properties with get_name and set_name methods internally, the c# compiler just doesn’t let you use them directly).
“Good artists copy, great artists steal”


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