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stdlib v22.1.4 sets
Sets are collections of elements with no duplicate elements. The representation of a set is undefined.
This module provides the same interface as the ordsets(3)
module but with an undefined representation. One difference is that while this module considers two elements as different if they do not match (=:=
), ordsets
considers two elements as different if and only if they do not compare equal (==
).
Link to this section Summary
Functions
Returns a new set formed from Set1
with Element
inserted.
Returns Set1
, but with Element
removed.
Filters elements in Set1
with boolean function Pred
.
Returns a set of the elements in List
.
Returns the intersection of the non-empty list of sets.
Returns the intersection of Set1
and Set2
.
Returns true
if Set1
and Set2
are disjoint (have no elements in common), otherwise false
.
Returns true
if Element
is an element of Set
, otherwise false
.
Returns true
if Set
is an empty set, otherwise false
.
Returns true
when every element of Set1
is also a member of Set2
, otherwise false
.
Returns a new empty set.
Returns only the elements of Set1
that are not also elements of Set2
.
Returns the merged (union) set of the list of sets.
Returns the merged (union) set of Set1
and Set2
.
Link to this section Functions
add_element/2
add_element(Element, Set1) -> Set2 when Set1 :: set(Element), Set2 :: set(Element).
Returns a new set formed from Set1
with Element
inserted.
del_element/2
del_element(Element, Set1) -> Set2 when Set1 :: set(Element), Set2 :: set(Element).
Returns Set1
, but with Element
removed.
filter/2
filter(Pred, Set1) -> Set2 when Pred :: fun((Element) -> boolean()), Set1 :: set(Element), Set2 :: set(Element).
Filters elements in Set1
with boolean function Pred
.
fold/3
fold(Function, Acc0, Set) -> Acc1 when Function :: fun((Element, AccIn) -> AccOut), Set :: set(Element), Acc0 :: Acc, Acc1 :: Acc, AccIn :: Acc, AccOut :: Acc.
Folds Function
over every element in Set
and returns the final value of the accumulator. The evaluation order is undefined.
from_list/1
from_list(List) -> Set when List :: [Element], Set :: set(Element).
Returns a set of the elements in List
.
intersection/1
intersection(SetList) -> Set when SetList :: [set(Element), ...], Set :: set(Element).
Returns the intersection of the non-empty list of sets.
intersection/2
intersection(Set1, Set2) -> Set3 when Set1 :: set(Element), Set2 :: set(Element), Set3 :: set(Element).
Returns the intersection of Set1
and Set2
.
is_disjoint/2
is_disjoint(Set1, Set2) -> boolean() when Set1 :: set(Element), Set2 :: set(Element).
Returns true
if Set1
and Set2
are disjoint (have no elements in common), otherwise false
.
Returns true
if Element
is an element of Set
, otherwise false
.
Returns true
if Set
is an empty set, otherwise false
.
Returns true
if Set
is a set of elements, otherwise false
.
is_subset/2
is_subset(Set1, Set2) -> boolean() when Set1 :: set(Element), Set2 :: set(Element).
Returns true
when every element of Set1
is also a member of Set2
, otherwise false
.
Returns a new empty set.
Returns the number of elements in Set
.
subtract/2
subtract(Set1, Set2) -> Set3 when Set1 :: set(Element), Set2 :: set(Element), Set3 :: set(Element).
Returns only the elements of Set1
that are not also elements of Set2
.
Returns the elements of Set
as a list. The order of the returned elements is undefined.
union/1
union(SetList) -> Set when SetList :: [set(Element)], Set :: set(Element).
Returns the merged (union) set of the list of sets.
union/2
union(Set1, Set2) -> Set3 when Set1 :: set(Element), Set2 :: set(Element), Set3 :: set(Element).
Returns the merged (union) set of Set1
and Set2
.


{{ user.first_name }} {{ user.last_name }}
{{ politburo.title }}
{{ politburo.position<EMAIL_ADDRESS>{{ politburo.description }}
{{ pb_membership.contact_info }}
{% extends "base_with_hero.html" %} {% load thumbnail %} {% block title %}Politburo{% endblock %} {% block css_file %}politburo.css{% endblock %} {% block hero %} {% include "hero_with_bg_img.html" with title="The Politburo" subtitle="Executive Committee of the CSUA" size="is-small" %} {% endblock %} {% block page_content %}
The Politburo consists of the seven elected officers of the CSUA.
They are the governing body of the CSUA and a unique group of people who are eager to talk to you about the CSUA.
You can contact the Politburo at<EMAIL_ADDRESS>{{ politburo.position<EMAIL_ADDRESS>{{ politburo.description }}
{{ pb_membership.contact_info }}


Nutrition
At what % would you like an alert?
Save
Back
Thirst
At what % would you like an alert?
Save
Back


SLREADTEXT Reads in a text file into a cell array $ Syntax $ T = slreadtext(filename) $ Description $ - T = slreadtext(filename) Reads in a text file to a cell array with each cell storing a line string. $ Remarks $ 1. No extra operations will be performed on the strings besides deleting the trailing spaces in end of lines. $ History $ Created by Dahua Lin, on 2005-06-02
0001 function T = slreadtext(filename) 0002 %SLREADTEXT Reads in a text file into a cell array 0003 % 0004 % $ Syntax $ 0005 % T = slreadtext(filename) 0006 % 0007 % $ Description $ 0008 % - T = slreadtext(filename) Reads in a text file to a cell array with 0009 % each cell storing a line string. 0010 % 0011 % $ Remarks $ 0012 % 1. No extra operations will be performed on the strings besides deleting 0013 % the trailing spaces in end of lines. 0014 % 0015 % $ History $ 0016 % Created by Dahua Lin, on 2005-06-02 0017 % 0018 0019 fid = fopen(filename, 'r'); 0020 if (fid <= 0) 0021 error(['Fail to open file ', filename]); 0022 end 0023 0024 T = {}; 0025 icount = 0; 0026 strline = fgets(fid); 0027 while ~isequal(strline, -1) 0028 icount = icount + 1; 0029 T{icount, 1} = deblank(strline); 0030 strline = fgets(fid); 0031 end 0032 0033 fclose(fid);


Windows 10 x64 (18363.778)
_CMP_FAILURE_INJECTION_POINT
CmpFailurePointPoolAllocation = 0n0
CmpFailurePointViewMapping = 0n1
CmpFailurePointViewPinning = 0n2
CmpFailurePointResourceCharging = 0n3
CmpFailurePointFileWrite = 0n4
CmpFailurePointFileRead = 0n5
CmpFailurePointCacheFlush = 0n6
CmpFailurePointFlush = 0n7
CmpFailurePointFlushAndPurge = 0n8
CmpFailurePointForceLargeBin = 0n9
CmpFailurePointDontFixAlignment = 0n10
CmpFailurePointAllocateCell = 0n11
CmpFailurePointMarkDirty = 0n12
CmpFailurePointForceMultiLevelMap = 0n13
CmpFailurePointAllocateContiguousLogEntry = 0n14
CmpFailurePointAllocateKcb = 0n15
CmpFailurePointCreateKeyBody = 0n16
CmpFailurePointForceFreeKcb = 0n17
CmpFailurePointKeyEnumResumeContextVerification = 0n18
CmpFailurePointKeyEnumForceRetry = 0n19
CmpFailurePointForceReorganization = 0n20
CmpFailurePointForceLazyCOWByPolicy = 0n21
CmpFailureInjectionPointCount = 0n22


--- layout: post title: Muxtape date: '2008-08-25T15:41:58-07:00' tags: tumblr_url: http://alexhwilliams.tumblr.com/post/47374777/muxtape --- Muxtape
This is such a sad web page. It did not have to come to this.


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North By Northwest (1959)
Grade: 71
"North By Northwest" is one of Alfred Hitchcock's most famous and heavily praised films. It is a very good film, full of suspense and action, but it is not among his best films. The romance between Cary Grant and Eva Marie Saint is unintentionally amusing, and several of the action scenes lack credibility.
Grant is a business executive who is mistaken for a government agent by henchmen working for suave bad-guy James Mason. Grant survives a murder attempt, then is accused of murder himself. While on the run, Grant romances double-agent Marie Saint. Gradually, Grant becomes the agent that for the first half of the film he claims not to be.
"North by Northwest" is admittedly fun to watch. Something is always happening, and if you pretend that the events are plausible, the film might live up to its reputation.
"North by Northwest" has several problems with casting and credibility. There are spoilers in the following analysis.
Cary Grant is one of my favorite actors, but he was about fifteen years too old for this part. The actress playing his mother, Jessie Royce Landis, looks younger than Grant and in fact is. The romance between Grant and Marie Saint begins with laughably too-clever dialogue. Later, Grant becomes as jealous as a schoolboy over her behaviour, at a time when both their lives, and national security, are in danger.
The film's most famous scene has Grant being hunted by a crop duster's plane. This scene ends with Grant getting knocked down by a large truck, immediately followed by the plane flying into the truck and bursting into flames. Why would the plane do this? Wouldn't the pilot have seen the truck? Even more surprising, Grant runs away without a scratch.
Why does Grant follow Marie Saint to the auction, and then confront Mason there? He is risking his and her neck for no reason except to pick petty arguments.
I know that people dressed more formally back in the 1950s, but Grant seems bent on wearing a particular gray flannel suit throughout most of the film. Even when it becomes soiled, and even when there is a nationwide manhunt for him.
Grant's transition from businessman to spy and action hero, without any training, isn't plausible. He is able to break into Mason's house, and the minute he arrives, he overhears a conversation that deals with a murder plot and where the microfilm is hidden.
In his earlier film "Saboteur", the finale involved the hero, the bad guy, a life-risking rescue attempt, a spectacular fall and the Statue of Liberty. "North by Northwest" repeats the formula, only substituting Mount Rushmore for the Statue of Liberty.
I fully admit that I am being very picky, and that "North By Northwest" is a very good (and certainly suspenseful and entertaining) film. I am making these negative comments only to support my position that it is not the outstanding film that most consider it to be.
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>http://members.tripod.com/~Brian_Koller/movies.html
The review above was posted to the
rec.arts.movies.reviews newsgroup (de.rec.film.kritiken for German reviews).
The Internet Movie Database accepts no responsibility for the contents of the
review and has no editorial control. Unless stated otherwise, the copyright
belongs to the author.
Please direct comments/criticisms of the review to relevant newsgroups.
Broken URLs inthe reviews are the responsibility of the author.
The formatting of the review is likely to differ from the original due
to ASCII to HTML conversion.
Related links: index of all rec.arts.movies.reviews reviews


Somebody's Mother
Somebody's Mother is a movie starring Richard Abraham, Daniel Ahearn, and Wyeth Ahearn. Two sisters struggle with what it means to be a mother. One after the sudden loss of her baby, the other with her own inability to care for her...


Kate Boudreau is a multi-disciplinary digital designer, formerly based in Portland, Oregon where she created digital experiences for Instrument and Work & Co. Originally from Boston, she completed a design apprenticeship at Upstatement, and studied at Massachusetts College of Art and Design, where she obtained a BFA in Graphic Design with Departmental Honors.
Online portfolio coming soon, pdf available upon request.


Please upload the front side of your ID card or photo page of Passport.
Please upload the rear side of your ID card or photo page of Passport.
Please upload selfie.


A Sundry Blog on Random Thoughts and Things Seen Around the Verse
Journal Entry 1 - So Developer, Much Learning
Feb. 6th, 2018
We're two days into the code fellows 201 course and I'm already feeling my brain stretching a bit. Day two covered a lot of material, and it's forcing me to push against my own limits for practical application. The part about all of this that really strikes me as quite different from my previous experiences is career focus. In so many other education environments (outside the military, of course), you learn concepts and theory most of the time, and rarely are you actually applying this new knowledge to the real world.
Today I found myself butted up against the wall of my own mental blocks. Thus far, planning out the structure of things that seemed so immaterial and abstract as code was a huge barrier for me. I would study and research on a topic for many hours, until I was able to converse relatively well about it for a layman. Eventually, I've often run up against the wall of practically applying the knowledge to a complex task, like building a website. This pit me against that mental block and I'm actually relatively happy with the results from just a few hours of hacking away on it.
I'm not really sure why it has been such a struggle to achieve a relatively organized grasp of so many of these concepts, but it finally feels like many of the pieces and their purposes are falling into place, at least in my mind. I suppose we'll see how well that continues to translate into tangible work to show for my efforts. In the meantime, I plan to post more actively on Twitter and perhaps try to write a few articles to post online relevant to my experience here. Onwards into the deluge!
Journey to the Center of the Twitterverse
Feb. 3rd, 2018
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Getting Laid Off Was The Best Thing Ever
Feb. 2nd, 2018
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.
Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit, sed do eiusmod tempor incididunt ut labore et dolore magna aliqua. Ut enim ad minim veniam, quis nostrud exercitation ullamco laboris nisi ut aliquip ex ea commodo consequat. Duis aute irure dolor in reprehenderit in voluptate velit esse cillum dolore eu fugiat nulla pariatur. Excepteur sint occaecat cupidatat non proident, sunt in culpa qui officia deserunt mollit anim id est laborum.


magneticalc.Perspective_Presets.Perspective_Presets
class documentationmagneticalc.Perspective_Presets
(View In Hierarchy)
Perspective_Presets class.
| Class Variable | Isometric | Undocumented |
| Class Variable | PlaneXY | Undocumented |
| Class Variable | PlaneXZ | Undocumented |
| Class Variable | PlaneYZ | Undocumented |
| Class Variable | List | Undocumented |
| Static Method | get_by_id | Selects a preset by name. |


Quiet Times, Part 1
Apologies for the recent silence here - it’s been crazy busy at Strange Company Towers.
I’ll have a new post up tomorrow, touch wood - however, posting may be a bit erratic for a while.
Read more →Make your webseries. Better. Faster. Now
Apologies for the recent silence here - it’s been crazy busy at Strange Company Towers.
I’ll have a new post up tomorrow, touch wood - however, posting may be a bit erratic for a while.
Read more →


Download Natures Sunshine Logo PNG. The preferred logo lockup is lifestyle photography will continue to be an element in nature's sunshine branding. Download the vector logo of the nature's sunshine brand designed by in encapsulated postscript (eps) format.
Start editing this nature sunshine logo for your business or team. The preferred logo lockup is lifestyle photography will continue to be an element in nature's sunshine branding. Nature's sunshine products, incorporated (nasdaq:
Some logos are clickable and available in large sizes.
450 x 386 png 252 кб. Nature's sunshine products receives direct selling. 450 x 386 png 252 кб. The preferred logo lockup is lifestyle photography will continue to be an element in nature's sunshine branding.


Dump data to console
For more examples, head back to the main page.
Handsontable © 2012 Marcin Warpechowski and contributors. Code and documentation licensed under the The MIT License.


KBO as Linked Open Data
Linked Open Data is data published on the web in such a way that (Bizer, 2009)
- it is machine-readable
- its meaning is explicitly defined
- it is linked to other external datasets
- can in turn be linked to from external datasets, meaning that every entity of the KBO dataset has a http uri, where information on this entity can be found.
Some examples:
- http://data.kbodata.be/organisation/2_146_784_105#id for the organisation with KBO code 2.146.784.105
- http://data.kbodata.be/organisation/2_198_544_392#id for the organisation with KBO code 2.198.544.392
For more info see the technical documentation.
machine readable
Using this identifier one can retrieve, next to a html page aimed at humans, the following machine readable formats: rdf/xml, json-ld, turtle, n-triples.
For more info see the technical documentation.
the meaning is explicitly defined
All entities are described using classes and properties from well-known standard vocabularies such as: org for describing organisations, regorg for registered organisations, foaf for describing persons, vcard for contact information, core location for describing locations, ... All these classes and properties have their own http address and can be looked up to see how they are defined and which semantics they carry.
For more info see the technical documentation.
linked to other datasets
Not yet, but we are working on this.
linked to from other datasets
We know already of one other linked open data application that will point to the identifiers used in this dataset. This is in fact one of the main purposes of publishing linked open data. The authoritive maintainer and source of a dataset (e.g. KBO) publishes the data and all other applications can point to the used identifiers, freeing other applications of maintaining this information by themselves. To aid people in pointing to the correct identifiers we offer a reconciliation service where you can send a label (string) to and the service responds with the corresponding identifier.


Even more websites all about website templates on Just Web Templates.
IFS your're looking for beautiful and professionally made templates you can fin them at Template Beauty.
You can remove any link t our websites from this template you're free to use the template without linking back to us.


This tutorial section will give you step by step instructions and exemples on how to use all the modules.
The first mandatory tutorial is the getting started procedure you should have already followed at this step. Once the needed Travel Simulator packages are correctly installed, the following tutorials are what you need!
For general information and a technical description of the different modules head to the user manual page once you are finished here.
Also for focused information on precise problems make sure you have a look at the F.A.Q.
cd ~/metasimgit/workspace/build/stdair/stdair/Then launch it with the default BOM tree option '-b':
./stdair -bIf you have a look at the log file (called after the launched batch), you can find the following BOM tree structure, in this exact order :
cd ~/metasimgit/workspace/build/simfqt/simfqt/./simfqt -bThis batch is an interactive one, try 'help' to obtain all the existing commands, and then 'list' to discover all the O&Ds and departure dates for which some fare rules are applicable. Then 'quit' the interactive batch and open the log file named 'simfqt.log'. At the beginning of the file, we find the BOM root display:
cd ~/metasimgit/workspace/src/stdair/stdair/command/Let us create our own BOM tree now. First, a BOM root object (i.e. a root for all the classes in the project) must be instantiated. This is done by the stdair::STDAIR_ServiceContext context object, when the stdair::STDAIR_Service is itself instantiated. The standard procedure is illustrated below:
const BomRootKey lBomRootKey ("My first Bom Root");BomRoot& lBomRoot = FacBom<BomRoot>::instance().create(lBomRootKey);An airline inventory object can then be instantiated. Let us create the "BA" airline code (corresponding to British Airways airline):
const AirlineCode_T lAirlineCodeBA ("BA");That is, an object (let us name it lInventoryKeyBA) of type (class) stdair::InventoryKey has first to be instantiated.
const InventoryKey lInventoryKeyBA (lAirlineCodeBA);Thanks to that key, an airline inventory object, i.e. of type (class) stdair::Inventory, can be instantiated. Let us name that airline inventory object lBAInv.
Inventory& lBAInv = FacBom<Inventory>::instance().create(lInventoryKeyBA);Then, we must create the link parent/child to attach those two objects as defined in the BOM tree structure. That operation is as simple as using the following methods:
FacBomManager::addToListAndMap (lBomRoot, lBAInv);FacBomManager::linkWithParent (lBomRoot, lBAInv);Another airline inventory object, corresponding to the AF (Air France) company, can be instantiated the same way:
const AirlineCode_T lAirlineCodeAF ("AF");const InventoryKey lAFKey (lAirlineCodeAF);Inventory& lAFInv = FacBom::instance().create (lAFKey);FacBomManager::addToListAndMap (lBomRoot, lAFInv);FacBomManager::linkWithParent (lBomRoot, lAFInv);
Log filename is: sevmgr.log sevmgr P / 2010-Jan-21 00:00:00>Try the 'display' command to learn more about the current event. The output should look like this:
2010-Jan-21 00:00:00, BreakPoint, 2010-Jan-21 00:00:00Let's now have a look at the whole simulation queue using the 'list' command. There are three events to come, including two booking requests and a second break point (the first one was the first event of the queue):
2010-Jan-22 10:00:00, BookingRequest, At 2010-Jan-22 10:00:00, for (SIN, IN) SIN-BKK (RI) 2010-Jan-30 (7 days) 10:00:00 Eco 3 M 1000 100 1 50 1 50 2011-May-14 00:00:00, BreakPoint, 2011-May-14 00:00:00 2011-May-15 10:00:00, BookingRequest, At 2011-May-15 10:00:00, for (LHR, DN) LHR-SYD (RI) 2011-Jun-10 (7 days) 08:00:00 Eco 3 M 1000 100 0 30 0 50The 'next' command plays the current event and pops the next one from the queue. This is exactly the simulation principle: the events in the queue will be popped and played one by one. The simulation will only stop when a break point is encountered which is the objective of the 'run' command.
cd ~/metasimgit/workspace/build/trademgen/trademgen/When launching the trademgen interactive batch with no parameter, a default demand input file is parsed. This file can be found in the StdAir sample directory.
./trademgenTo see all the demand streams for which booking requests can be generated, try the command 'list_demand_stream'. You can check that you end up with the same demand streams as those defined in the input file. The output should look like:
List of demand streams SIN-BKK 2012-Apr-30 Y SIN-BKK 2012-May-07 Y SIN-BKK 2012-May-14 Y SIN-BKK 2012-May-21 Y SIN-BKK 2012-May-28 Y SIN-BKK 2012-Jun-04 Y SIN-BKK 2012-Jun-11 Y SIN-BKK 2012-Jun-18 Y SIN-BKK 2012-Jun-25 Y SIN-BKK 2012-Jul-02 Y ...Then, the command 'list_event' will enable you to check that for now, the event list is empty:
List of events EQ01 (0) 0/{11520,11520}Let's now generate our first booking request for the first demand stream. The corresponding command is :
generate_next_br SIN-BKK 2012-Apr-30 YLet's now display again the event list ('list_event' command):
List of events EQ01 (1) 0/{11520,11520} 2011-Jun-06 22:50:04.001000, BookingRequest, At 2011-Jun-06 22:50:04.001000, for (BKK, DN) SIN-BKK (RO) 2012-Apr-30 (5 days) 07:01:27 Y 1 G 185.452 55.6372 0 50A booking request has been created: the corresponding traveller is making his request on the 6th of June 2011 and is wishing to travel on the 30th of April 2012 from Singapour to Bangkok in the Economy cabin (as expected from the demand stream key). The other parameters'values have been created using the distribution defined in the demand input file. Let's now generate all the booking requests for this same demand stream:
generate_all_br SIN-BKK 2012-Apr-30 YThe output display should look like:
339 more event(s) have been generated for the demand stream: 'SIN-BKK 2012-Apr-30 Y'.Display again the event list to see all the stored booking requests. Finally, to visualize the booking requests arrival pattern, 'quit' the interactive command line and launch a python dedicated script located in the tool directory:
./tools/trademgen_drawBookingArrivals -p trademgen.logDo not hesitate to repeat the steps above using your own demand input file. Please, refer to the How can I build my own demand input file? tutorial first. Then launch the demand generation script with your demand file specified as input parameter:
./trademgen --input <your_demand_file.csv>


{% load static %}
PokéAPI RESTful API endpoint for discovering Pokémon skills in json, created during the ZRP Applications test.


An Integrated Approach to Assessing Water Management Options in a Major Watersheds: Extending a Hydrodynamic-Water Quality Model to Include Biological and Politico-Economic Components
EPA Grant Number: R825285Title: An Integrated Approach to Assessing Water Management Options in a Major Watersheds: Extending a Hydrodynamic-Water Quality Model to Include Biological and Politico-Economic Components
Investigators: Sabatier, Paul A. , Anderson, Jamie , Bennett, Bill , Botsford, Louis , Johnston, Mike , Loeb, Curtis , Lund, Jay , Mount, Jeff , Moyle, Peter , Orlob, Gerald , Quinn, James , Randall, Jonathan , Rhodes, Cathy , Richerson, Peter , Slotten, Darell , Slotton, Darell , Suchanek, Thomas , Weinberg, Marca
Current Investigators: Sabatier, Paul A. , Anderson, Jamie , Bennett, Bill , Botsford, Louis , Johnson, Mike , Loeb, Curtis , Lund, Jay , Mount, Jeff , Moyle, Peter , Orlob, Gerald , Quinn, James , Rhodes, Cathy , Richerson, Peter , Slotton, Darell , Suchanek, Thomas , Weinberg, Marca
Institution: University of California - Davis
EPA Project Officer: Sergeant, Anne
Project Period: December 1, 1996 through November 30, 1999 (Extended to September 30, 2000)
Project Amount: $1,292,627
RFA: Water and Watersheds Research (1996) RFA Text | Recipients Lists
Research Category: Water and Watersheds , Water
Description:
The proposed research addresses the problems of managing large scale watersheds subject to conflicting demands between traditional water users and those seeking to restore damaged fisheries. The primary objective of the proposed research is to develop and demonstrate an integrated methodology for assessing management alternatives for watersheds that support aquatic species at risk. Such a methodology requires an interrelated set of deterministic and statistical models designed to characterize quantitatively the responses of sensitive species to hydrodynamic, water quality, and ecological influences within riverine and estuarine reaches of the watershed under various management alternatives. Alternatives may include modifications in watershed management practices such as restoration of riparian habitat, regulation of stream flows, curtailment or rescheduling of diversions, and control of point and non-point sources of pollution. The implications of such management for agricultural and urban uses within the basin will also be modeled, and the conditions under which such modeling capability can produce consensus on the perceived impacts and feasibility of various management alternatives in situations of political conflict will be carefully assessed.The watershed of the Sacramento River and Delta in California, encompassing the river's main stem, its principal tributary watersheds, and the complex estuarine environment of the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, will be utilized for applying this interrelated set of models. The focus will be on three important species--endangered anadromous chinook salmon, striped bass, and splittail-- each with unique characteristics, but representative of common watershed management problems nationwide. Survival and restoration success for these species will be governed largely by the system's hydrodynamics and water quality, which in turn will be partially a function of processes in tributary watersheds and the economic and political conditions facing important water constituencies. This project is founded largely on a well-developed hydrodynamic-water quality finite element model of the Sacramento River and Delta system, simulating flows, temperature, salinity, and primary productivity. The major part of this project expands on this well-established modeling capability to include (a) estuarine and riparian habitat and indigenous ecosystems, (b) inflow and contaminants from tributary watersheds, (c) the economics of agricultural and urban water use, and (d) the effects of the above on water quality and selected fish populations. The integrated modeling framework will be used to explore the impacts of a variety of politically-significant policy scenarios and the reaction of important constituencies to those impacts. The implications of large-scale mechanistic models for long-term system management also will be explored.
Publications and Presentations:
Publications have been submitted on this project: View all 33 publications for this projectJournal Articles:
Journal Articles have been submitted on this project: View all 17 journal articles for this projectSupplemental Keywords:
watersheds, risk assessment, mercury, aquatic, habitat, public policy, survey, EPA Region IX, CA, agriculture, remote sensing., RFA, Scientific Discipline, Geographic Area, Water, Ecosystem Protection/Environmental Exposure & Risk, Hydrology, Water & Watershed, Environmental Chemistry, Ecosystem/Assessment/Indicators, Chemistry, State, Economics, Ecological Effects - Human Health, Ecological Risk Assessment, EPA Region, Mercury, Watersheds, aquatic, fate and transport, risk assessment, Region 9, integrated approach, social impact assessment, stream flows, hydrodynamic water quality model, remote sensing , fisheries, watershed influences, statistical model, agricultural environment, aquatic ecosystems, water quality, ecosystem restoration, public policy, water management options, California (CA)Relevant Websites:
Cathy Lawrence/striped bass:
http://www.itd.ucdavis.edu/
Jay
Lund/economic modeling:
http://cee.engr.ucdavis.edu/faculty/lund/CALVIN
Paul
Sabatier:
http://wpp.ucdavis.edu
Quinn:
http://endeavor.des.ucdavis.edu/geowbs
http://ice.ucdavis.edu
Moyle:
http://wfcb.ucdavis.edu/www/Petermoyle/default.htm
Progress and Final Reports:
1998 Progress Report1999 Progress Report
Final Report


Session 27 Preparation — Videos, Reading and Quizzes
Instructions:
BEFORE this session, for each of the following videos or reading:
Watch the video (or read the reading), and as you do so,
do the associated quiz in Moodle.
Videos and Reading:
[Sections 1 and 2] Do the Peer Evaluation for Sprint 1 (on Moodle).
Sprint 1 Review: Do whatever your instructor asked you to do (if anything) to review
Sprint 1.
For Sections 1 and 2 this means to do the following for each Card
in your Sprint 1 List on your team's Trello Board:
If the Card's Feature is complete (or otherwise at a stopping point),
have a teammate run the program to test your
implementation of the Feature.
If the teammate deems that the Feature is working correctly,
change the Card's status to Verified by a Peer.
If the Card's Feature is complete (or otherwise at a stopping point),
have a teammate do a brief Code Review of your implementation of that Feature.
If the Card's Feature is NOT complete,
make a copy of the Card,
putting the copy in Sprint 2 (or Sprint 3 if you will not continue work on the feature until then).
Once you have done the above for the Sprint 1 Card,
add a Blue stripe to the Card's status to indicate that you have completed
your Sprint 1 Review with regard to that Card.
Sprint 2 Planning: Do whatever your instructor asked you to do to plan for Sprint 2.
For Sections 1 and 2 this means that you
should:
Determine which Features you expect to complete during Sprint 2.
(Coordinate with teammates in making these choices.)
Make a Card for each such Feature,
by dragging (or copying, your choice) the Card from the Product Backlog List
to the Sprint 2 List.
For whichever Feature you will work on first,
use the Checklist on its Card to list the three or so steps
by which you will implement that Feature.
Each step should be testable.
Continue to work on your project,
being sure to record ALL the hours that you work on the project
in your hours-X.txt file.


Systems of the FluxSvc Package
How the SpectrumFactoryTable infrastructure works:
SpectrumFactoryTable:
SpectrumFactoryTable is a singleton object, which is also a map designed to hold connections between names of potential sources and pointers to their associated SpectrumFactories (see below).
SpectrumFactory:
SpectrumFactory is a template class which holds methods to instantiate the classes it represents. It also adds a reference to itself into SpectrumFactoryTable upon its creation, with the line:
SpectrumFactoryTable::instance()->addFactory(classname, this);
this serves to ensure that all created SpectrumFactories are represented in the SpectrumFactoryTable.
At run time:
In each Spectrum-type Object (i.e. HeSpectrum.cxx), lines like these are called:
static SpectrumFactory<HeSpectrum> factory;
const ISpectrumFactory& HeSpectrumFactory = factory;
This properly creates an ISpectrumFactory for each Spectrum Object, to be used for instantiating this class in the future (note that this also means that the SpectrumFactoryTable is filled with references to each Spectrum Object to do the instantiation).
also:
in SpectrumFactoryTable.cxx, the line:SpectrumFactoryTable* SpectrumFactoryTable::s_instance = 0;
forces creation of the SpectrumFactoryTable Object, and then in the constructor:
s_instance=this;
sets the object up as a singleton to be called with SpectrumFactoryTable::instance();
After this process has been done, a Spectrum Object can be instantiated with the line:
SpectrumFactoryTable::instance()->instantiate(name);
Here, A reference to the singleton SpectrumFactoryTable is found from the instance() method, then the instantiate(name) method finds the entry in the internal map corresponding to the desired SpectrumFactory, and uses it's instantiate() method to make the desired Spectrum.
How FluxSvc Makes EventSource:
| FluxSvc | ===> "source" method gets called to create the link to Flux.
| FluxSvc | ---> | Flux | ====> FluxSvc::initialize() is called, FluxMgr is instantiated, Flux is passed a reference to it.
| FluxSvc | ---> | Flux | ---> | FluxMgr | ===> Now FluxMgr::source() creates some kind of EventSource (see next section), which can be addressed from the Flux object.
How Event/Composite/FluxSource works:
As above, FluxMgr::source(name) is responsible for creating an EventSource (or the appropriate object inheriting from EventSource) and returning the pointer. Basically, one of three things happen at this point:
(1): A Spectrum is created with SpectrumFactoryTable::instance()->instantiate(name),then a FluxSource is created with that Spectrum as the internally-held Spectrum.
(2): If the source is defined in the XML, a FluxSource is created which is instantiated from the relevant XML element (this basically is the same process, albeit being handled in FluxSource - the construction is handled differently if the Spectrum is to return the direction, etc.)
(3): If a CompositeSource is needed (read: a "nestedsource" element is found), each contained XML element is used to create a FluxSource as above, then each FluxSource is added into a CompositeSource ( via CompositeSource->addSource(getSourceFromXML(selem)); ), which has been created to hold them all.
From here, we can see how EventSource::rate(time), flux(time), or whatever else can be called and the proper information returned.
EventSource::event():
Once all this linkage is established, we must have a method of calling subsequent particles through the interface. EventSource::event is responsible for calling the "next" particle, and returning a FluxSource(EventSource) corresponding to it. As overridden by FluxSource, this is no more difficult than recalculating everything involved with the particle, and returning a pointer to itself. As overridden by CompositeSource, however, this method sequentially calls the interval() method of each contained FluxSource in order to determine which particle would have "come first", then returns a pointer to that specific object. Thus, subsequent particles are called into existence tis way, and can be addressed thereafter.
How External Spectrum Declaration Works:
An ISpectrum Object can be declared ENTIRELY outside the memory space of
FluxSvc (i.e.) in another package, like so:
class ExternalSpectrum : public ISpectrum{
....
}
Then, in the external code, we can create a RemoteSpectrumFactory object (which works essentially like SpectrumFactory, but uses world-accessible code to insert the new spectrum), and add our new Spectrum to the Service:
static RemoteSpectrumFactory<ExternalSpectrum> testFactory(m_fluxSvc);
where m_fluxSvc is a pointer to the FluxSvc object that the external package has created. NOte that the include files ISPectrum.h and ISpectrumFactory.h from FluxSvc must be included, as the class RemoteSpectrumFactory resides in ISpectrumFactory.h.


A microservices framework for Python that lets service developers concentrate on application logic and encourages testability.
“The microservice architectural style is an approach to developing a single application as a suite of small services, each running in its own process and communicating with lightweight mechanisms“
class HelloWorld(object):
name = “hello”
@rpc
def greet(self, friend):
return “Hello {}!”.format(friend)
class HelloWorld(object):
name = “hello”
cache = CacheClient() # dependency declaration
@http("GET", "/hello/<string:friend>")
def greet(self, request, friend):
greeting = self.cache.get(friend)
if greeting is None:
greeting = “Hello {}!”.format(friend) # expensive
self.cache.put(friend, greeting)
return greeting
>>> HelloWorld.CacheClient
... <CacheClient [unbound] at 0x10cbb2750> # DependencyProvider
>>> self.cache
... <memcache.Client object at 0x10cbd25d0> # injected dependency
“... lets service developers concentrate on application logic and encourages testability“
from mock import call
from nameko.testing.services import worker_factory
hello_svc = worker_factory(HelloWorld)
hello_svc.cache.get.return_value = None
assert hello_svc.greet("Matt") == "Hello Matt!"
assert hello_svc.cache.get.call_args_list == [call("Matt")]
“... lets service developers concentrate on application logic and encourages testability“
import mockcache
from nameko.testing.services import worker_factory
fake_cache = mockcache.Client()
hello_svc = worker_factory(HelloWorld, cache=fake_cache)
assert hello_svc.greet("Matt") == "Hello Matt!"
assert fake_cache.get("Matt") == "Hello Matt!"
"Built-in" Extensions
"Community" Extensions


CSS Regions - Playground
These examples use a JavaScript library to simulate CSS Regions support.
Content Folding
Text Flow Example
Mixed Content Example
Breaking News
Complex Content Flow Example
JS API Example
CSSOM Example
[
Back
]


Toyota Raize Vs Hyundai Venue – Specs Comparison
by Sahil KukrejaToyota has launched its sub-compact SUV in Japan, but how well can it do against the Hyundai Venue? We pit the two against each other
Toyota introduced the Raize in Japan on early this month, which is basically a rebadged version of the New Daihatsu Rocky. Toyota is looking to offer the sub-4m SUV in emerging markets, especially in Asia. With India being a prospective market for the Toyota Raize in the near future, let’s take a look at how well it can perform against one of the highest-selling sub-compact SUVs in India, the Hyundai Venue.
In terms of dimensions, the Toyota Raize has a length of 3,995 mm, a width of 1,695 mm, a height of 1,620 mm, has a 2,525 mm long wheelbase and has 369 litres of boot space.
| Dimensions | Toyota Raize | Hyundai Venue |
| Length | 3,995 mm | 3,995 mm |
| Width | 1,695 mm | 1,770 mm |
| Height | 1,620 mm | 1,605 mm |
| Wheelbase | 2,525 mm | 2,500 mm |
| Boot space | 369 litres | 350 litres |
Compared to the Raize, the Venue measures same in terms of length, but is 75 mm wider, 15 mm shorter and has a 25 mm smaller wheelbase. The Raize also has 19 litres of extra boot space over the Venue.
The Raize features a boxy appearance, similar to the Maruti Vitara Brezza. It gets a mesh design for the front grille, which is treated in black and not chrome. Toyota offers the Raize with LED headlamps, fog lamps and tail lamps. It features 17-inch dual-tone alloy wheels, as compared to Venue’s 16 inchers.
The Raize gets a lot of plastic cladding on the exteriors and lesser chrome, which make the car look sporty as well as rugged, compared to the Venue which largely looks like an urban SUV. The Venue is certainly a good-looking car and has received a positive response in the Indian car market. Up front, it features Hyundai’s signature cascading grille, along with a split headlamp design with LED DRLs, headlamps and fog lamps.
The Venue gets stylish 16-inch diamond-cut alloys which enhance its overall look, along with functional roof rails and a shark fin antenna. At the rear, the car gets LED tail lamps, a faux skid plate and squarish reverse lights which are surrounded by reflectors. Hyundai offers the Venue with 7 monotone and 3 dual-tone paint schemes.
Toyota has loaded the Raize with features inside the cabin for Japan. To name a few, it gets a 9-inch floating touchscreen infotainment system, a 7-inch TFT multi-info display and a digital LED speedo. The SUV gets an all-black interior with red contrast stitching.
The Venue, on the other hand, gets an 8-inch infotainment integrated with Apple CarPlay and Android Auto connectivity. Hyundai has also equipped the Venue with its Blue Link connected-car tech which will let the owner know track driving habits, location, along with safety features like crash notification, SOS etc.
The remote connectivity lets the owner lock or unlock the doors, start/stop the engine and switch on the AC without getting in the car through the Blue Link app.
Toyota offers the Raize with a 1.0-litre three-cylinder turbocharged petrol engine, paired to a CVT, which produces 98 HP of peak power and 140Nm max torque.
The Raize also gets a 4WD option with all its variants, which no sub-4m SUV in India does, however, we do not expect the said configuration to make it to the Indian shores.
The Venue gets two petrol and one diesel drivetrains in India, including a 1.2-litre, naturally aspirated, four-cylinder petrol engine which makes 82 HP and 114 Nm, a 1.0-litre three-cylinder turbocharged petrol engine which is rated at 118 HP/172 Nm, and a 1.4-litre diesel engine that churns out 89 HP of max power and 220 Nm peak torque.
Toyota has priced the Raize in Japan between 16,79,000 Japanese Yen (Rs 10.9 lakh) to 22,82,200 Japanese Yen (Rs 14.9 lakh). Hyundai Venue retails at a starting price of Rs 6.50 lakh (ex-showroom) and goes up to Rs 11.11 lakh (ex-showroom).
The car currently competes with Tata Nexon, Ford EcoSport, Maruti Suzuki Vitara Brezza and Mahindra XUV300 in the sub-4m SUV segment. The Raize could be a compelling addition if Toyota decides to do so for India and we will have to wait and see what happens in the near future.


How to start your very own podcast
Assembly time: 1-3 Hours
Awesome rating: 150% awesome
Have you ever wanted to start your own podcast? It is not as difficult as you may think. Follow these directions and in no time you will be a podcaster!
-
Create a list of notes or script of the things you would like to discuss on the first episode. Plug the microphones into the recording device and put the headphones on.
Be sure to have some sort of notes in order to stay on track with your desired topic.
-
Once your levels are set, press record and begin talking about the topics you want to discuss.
Talk about topics you are interested in because your passion for the subject will come through to your listeners.
-
Now that you have recorded your first podcast it's time to edit it!
Using any of the editing software from the video above, clean up any mistakes, long pauses, or quality issues you may have had while recording. Once you are happy with the edit it is time to move on to the final step!
-
Lastly, it is time to chose a host for your podcast. A host site is where you upload your podcast file and the host site then distributes it to all the major podcast players such as Apple, Spotify, and Google podcasts.
Some host sites are Buzzsprout, Podbean, Transistor Etc. Once you chose a host, create a profile for your podcast, upload your episode file, and congratulations you are now a podcaster!


Self-awareness is mindfulness
I've tried body scan (self awareness practice) and I've felt peaceful and relax.
'Emotions are what you feel, not who you are'.
'Thoughts and emotions are
like clouds—some beautiful, some dark—while our core being is like the sky. Clouds are not the sky; they
are phenomena in the sky that come and go. Similarly, thoughts and emotions are not who we are; they are
simply phenomena in mind and body that come and go'.


September 1996
Grams 1.5 : weird body feel, mild discomfort, strange headspace. Crossed eyes produce mosaic /kaleidoscope images. Lying in the forest looking up, crossed eyes make the trees and sky look like a stained glass cathedral image.
Felt mild annoyance at bright incandescent lights… In the first 2 hours there are these waves of energy, sort of a feeling of being blasted through my body from legs to head with a shudder that moves my mind in some way. Could be frightening or exciting, but I think its neutral by itself.
A feeling of silliness for taking the mushrooms, of needing to go through this/these experiences to see. “What am I looking for?” “Why do I expect to find it with mushrooms?” I laughed and smiled at myself and the world for producing such an odd circumstance, at me for going through gyrations to feel in touch, to find myself… I realize how ridiculously impractical I am in the things I do. The way I dress, the way I do things, the fact that I haven’t learned to keep track of the simplest things. But overall, its a ‘good’ feeling.
Learn to ritualize movements so that I can learn them well, move slowly, deliberately, become more aware of my movements. Simplify. Get to know the things I’ve got so that each of the things I have and use I am familiar with.  These things became obvious to me as necessities on the path that I’ve chosen.
I tried to extend my range of perception and found no added abilities and became quickly distracted by other thoughts. I started to pay attention to strange visual effects and chose not to do so. I tried to focus on ‘healing’, by focusing on a friend’s dilemma and felt strongly the sadness of muddling through problems that have no clear resolution. I feel sadness and joy for the difficulty of things in life. I felt like I was able to connect more easily to feelings than I am normally.
I also felt and thought that what I am missing from my daily life is a quiet meditative space. That when I use the mushrooms I act in the way I would choose to act more often. Integrating the meditative, contemplative, quiet, connected feelings that I produce and act when seeking Spirit with mushrooms, may be more effective than doing the mushrooms themselves.
Overall effects: mild to medium, few visuals… enhanced feeling, mildly insightful, confusing, mildly illuminating. Another experience of ‘the joy of sadness’. Positive experience.
-zam
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


design + direction
print + web
➸Taeyoon Choi (Paintings + Poems)
➸ Tom Byrnes Films
➸ Movement, Memory, and the Unconscious Resource: Workshop by Cori Kresge
ritughiya@gmail.com


| Consider |
Waiting
Received from - Nikhil Gupta
Date Time - 12/11/2018 11:30:34
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Completed
Received from - Nikhil Gupta
Date Time - 12/11/2018 11:30:34
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| Consider |
Waiting
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Date Time - 12/11/2018 11:30:34
Lorem Ipsum Lorem Ipsum Lorem Ipsum Lorem Ipsum
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Completed
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👉 Handy.js 👈
Handy makes defining and recognizing custom hand poses in WebXR a snap.
Why use hand-held controllers when you can use your bare hands? 👋
Handy recognizes over 100 hand poses
right out of the box—including the
American Sign Language (ASL) alphabet.
Are you a developer?
Recording and adding new pose definitions is easy.
Want more efficiency?
Slimming down the number of poses to detect is even easier.
Here’s the
Handy.js source code.
Demo.
👉 Make your hand into a “finger gun” pose,
then tap your thumb down onto your middle finger
to shoot lasers from your hand.
✊ Make a fist to cycle through different hand model visual styles.
✌ Make a “peace sign” to toggle the hand-specific colors—red for right, green for left.
Requirements.
This code has been designed for the
Oculus Quest
headset, though device support
will expand as more devices implement the
WebXR hand tracking API.
Be sure your Oculus Quest has all of the latest software updates
installed, including Oculus Browser 15.3.0 or later, then
follow these steps to experience the demo for yourself:
-
In the main Settings menu
navigate to Device → Hands and Controllers.
Enable both Hand Tracking
and Auto Enable Hands or Controllers.
-
In Oculus Browser
visit chrome://flags/.
and search for “hands” in the flags search box.
-
Within the flags page, enable
the “WebXR experiences with joints tracking” flag
(
#webxr-hands
).
-
Again, within this flags page,
set the “WebXR experiences with joints tracking” flag
(
#webxr-hands
)
to Enabled.
-
Restart Oculus Browser
and visit this site again.
Use your hand controllers
to click the “Enter VR” button.

This demo illustrates the use of the
WebXR device hand input API
for hand and finger tracking,
as tested on an
Oculus Quest
stand-alone headset.
This experience is live at
https://stewartsmith.io/handy/.
This code is open-source and available at
https://github.com/stewdio/handy.js.


The Factory Method Pattern¶
A “Creational Pattern” from the Gang of Four book
Verdict
The “Factory Method” pattern is a poor fit for Python. It was designed for underpowered programming languages where classes and functions can’t be passed as parameters or stored as attributes. In those languages, the Factory Method serves as an awkward but necessary escape route. But it’s not a good design for Python applications.
You will often create objects in Python that themselves need to turn around and create more objects. Imagine an HTTP connection pool, for example, that sometimes needs to create new connections to replace old connections as they time out and close.
Now comes the challenge. What if your program will run behind a special corporate proxy, and the HTTP connection pool will only be able to communicate if it creates and uses specially configured network connections instead of the generic sockets that it usually creates?
The Factory Method is one pattern by which the HTTP connection pool class could offer you a way to choose what kind of connection it creates. Before learning how this awkward pattern works, let’s review the Pythonic design patterns that solve the same problem.
Dodge: use Dependency Injection¶
First, we should stop for a moment and double-check something. Does the class you’re designing really need to go around creating other classes?
If you know up front all the objects that the class will need, you should consider providing them to the class yourself through Dependency Injection.
You will see excellent examples of this simpler pattern
everywhere that Python libraries let you pass an already-open file object
instead of making you supply a path
and insisting on opening the file themselves.
Take the Standard Library’s JSON parser as an example.
Instead of asking for a path,
its load()
method lets you open the file:
import json
with open('input_data.json') as f:
data = json.load(f)
By leaving you in charge of instantiating the file object, this maneuver accomplishes many goals at once.
- Decoupling: the library doesn’t need to know
all the parameters accepted by the open() method,
and doesn’t need to accept every one of them as a parameter itself.
If the file object were to grow more creation parameters in the future,
json.load()
won’t need to change. - Efficiency: If you already have the file open for other reasons, you can go ahead and provide the open file object. The library won’t insist on re-opening the file. This is crucial if the file is a read-once source of data like an anonymous pipe.
- Flexibility: You can pass any file-like object you want.
It can be a subclass of the standard file object,
or be completely independent.
You could pass a
StringIO
that operates directly on data in RAM instead of needing the JSON written to disk first. Or you could offer a wrapper around a socket that lets you parse JSON data as it arrives off the network without needing to be stored locally first.
In a simple case like this, the Dependency Injection pattern completely eliminates the need for an object like a JSON parser to have its design made more complicated by the details of how other objects get created.
So (a) if your class always needs a particular object built, and (b) if users will normally want to at least customize the parameters with which it is instantiated, you should strongly consider Dependency Injection. In that case, you might want to read Miško Hevery’s 2008 post about dependency injection for an important note about the dangers of applying Dependency Injection halfway!
Instead: use a Class Attribute Factory¶
The next alternative comes to us from the 1990s. The class that needs to be created can be attached as an attribute on the class that will be doing the creating.
You can see this pattern in some of the older modules
in the Python Standard Library.
For example,
when an HTTPConnection
is done sending a request,
it expects to receive and parse a response.
But what class should it use to parse and represent the response?
What if you happen to be talking to a server
that sends non-standard information in its response
for which you require special handling?
What I will here call the Class Attribute Factory pattern takes advantage of the fact that classes are first-class objects in Python. It simply attaches the class as an attribute of the class that will be doing the creating. You’ll find the following code in the Standard Library:
class HTTPConnection:
...
response_class = HTTPResponse
...
def getresponse(self):
...
response = self.response_class(self.sock, method=self._method)
...
This gives the code using the HTTPConnection
complete control over what happens when it is time to build a response.
All it has to do is create a subclass and use the subclass instead:
class SpecialHTTPConnection(HTTPConnection):
response_class = SpecialHTTPResponse
That’s all there is to it!
While subclassing generally means
that a software design is running
at least somewhat against the grain of the Python language,
the approach will still work well.
The subclass will behave exactly
like a normal Standard Library HTTP connection
except when the moment comes to instantiate a response.
At that point the connection will access its response_class
attribute,
receive the alternative class you provided instead of the normal one,
and the alternative response class will then be in control.
There is more flexibility here we should explore, but first let’s look at the more modern alternative to the Class Attribute Factory.
Instead: use an Instance Attribute Factory¶
Why should you have to subclass an object merely to customize its behavior?
It’s a serious question — very serious,
for at one point in the history of programming
some adherents of a doctrine called “object orientation”
were suggesting that if you wanted a button that said “Submit”
that you shouldn’t be able to simply instantiate a button
with a parameter like label="Submit"
but that you should instead have to subclass the button
and override its default label()
method to return something new.
Happily,
an alternative to subclass-powered customization
has swept the Python community:
what I’ll call the Instance Attribute Factory.
Among the many good examples of its practice
is the json
module in the Standard Library,
which was added around 2008.
Here’s one example from the json
module.
Every time the JSON module encounters a number in its input,
it has to instantiate some kind of Python object
capable of representing the number.
But which number class should it instantiate?
An integer, if the fractional part of the number is zero?
A float, the only numeric type in JavaScript?
Or a Decimal
that’s guaranteed to not lose any precision?
Watch how elegantly the json
module handles the question:
class JSONDecoder(object):
...
def __init__(self, ... parse_float=None, ...):
...
self.parse_float = parse_float or float
...
Whenever it encounters a number in its input,
it simply calls self.parse_float()
with the string as input.
This is Python code that’s running on all pistons.
If the developer does not intervene,
each number is interpreted using a lighting-fast call
to the float
type itself.
If instead the developer has provided their own callable for parsing numbers,
then that callable is transparently used instead.
The beauty is that it all happens without a single additional class!
Instead of forcing the programmer
to create a new class each time they want to customize behavior,
individual JSONDecoder
instances can each be configured directly.
You can create a custom decoder with a single line of code:
from decimal import Decimal
from json import JSONDecoder
my_decoder = JSONDecoder(parse_float=Decimal)
Besides the benefits of clarity and brevity,
an advantage of customizing an object through its parameters
is that parameters compose so beautifully in Python.
If several pieces of code have parameters for the decoder
that they need to combine,
the task is no more difficult than building an empty dict
and then using update()
to fill it with each set of parameters,
setting the parameters last
that should be allowed to override the earlier ones.
Instance attributes override class attributes¶
I should admit that the previous two design patterns
are not as completely different as I have tried to make it sound.
At bottom, both classes — the HTTPConnection
and the JSONDecoder
—
make the exact same move when they are ready to create a new object:
they start with self
and use .
to access some specific attribute on it.
The only difference in the two design patterns above
is in how they choose to supply the attribute.
The first pattern happens to use a class attribute,
while the second uses an instance attribute.
But the two are not mutually exclusive.
There is no rule that if you have a class attribute named .response_class
that you can’t also have an instance attribute named .response_class
—
and the rule in the case where you have both is simple:
the instance attribute wins.
Which means I should admit that, really,
even though I made a big deal about claiming
that the HTTPConnection
forces you to subclass it,
it’s not true.
You can override the default but just setting an instance attribute instead,
just like the JSONDecoder
does!
The only difference is that the HTTPConnection
won’t give you any help —
you’ll have to reach in and set the instance attribute yourself:
conn = HTTPConnection()
conn.response_class = SpecialHTTPResponse
So even when an old-fashioned class looks like it wants you to create a subclass that specifies a new value for one of its class attributes, you can often use the more modern Instance Attribute Factory instead!
There are tiny differences in semantics and performance between class attributes and instance attributes, but I’ll refer you to the Python documentation and to Stack Overflow if you think your code is wandering towards an edge case where you care about the difference.
In general you should choose between the above patterns based on readability.
If you can imagine developers ever wanting to customize object creation,
then go ahead and try making the object creation routine (the “factory”)
a parameter in your __init__()
method
and store it as an instance attribute.
If instead you think that customization will be extremely rare,
then make it a class attribute,
remembering that the developer can always reach in
and override it in those rare cases where they need to.
Any callables accepted¶
In the examples above,
we used actual classes like Decimal
and the fictional SpecialHTTPResponse
when setting an attribute like response_class
or parse_float
.
But you’ll note that the only thing the callers cared about
was that these classes were callables.
There’s happily no new
keyword in Python,
so object instantiation looks exactly like
a normal function or method call.
This means that you can substitute a function for any of these callbacks,
and it will work just as well!
For example, you could provide the JSON decoder
with a function like this as its parse_float
parameter:
def parse_number(string):
if '.' in string:
return Decimal(string)
return int(string)
You can provide not only a function, but any other kind of callable as well — maybe a bound method, or a class method like an alternative constructor. You could even provide a callable that you’ve spun up dynamically using functional programming techniques like partial application:
from decimal import Context, ROUND_DOWN
from functools import partial
parse_number = partial(Decimal, context=Context(2, ROUND_DOWN))
Feel free to enjoy this Pythonic freedom of providing any kind of callable, and not limiting yourself to just providing classes, whether you are using the Class Attribute Factory or an Instance Attribute Factory.
Implementing¶
Having described the happy alternatives, I should finish by showing you the Factory Method itself. Imagine that you were using a language where:
- Classes are not first-class objects. You are not allowed to leave a class sitting around as an attribute of either a class instance or of another class itself.
- Functions are not first-class objects. You’re not allowed to save a function as an instance of a class or class instance.
- No other kind of callable exists that can be dynamically specified and attached to an object at runtime.
Under such dire constraints, you would turn to subclassing as a natural way to attach verbs — new actions — to existing classes, and you might use method overriding as a basic means of customizing behavior. And if on one of your classes you designed a special method whose only purpose was to isolate the act of creating new objects, then you’d be using the Factory Method pattern.
The Factory Method pattern can often be observed
anywhere that code from an underpowered but object-oriented language
has been translated straight into Python.
The logging
module from the Standard Library comes immediately to mind.
Here’s an excerpt:
class Handler(Filterer):
...
def __init__(self, level=NOTSET):
...
self.createLock()
...
def createLock(self):
"""
Acquire a thread lock for serializing access to the underlying I/O.
"""
self.lock = threading.RLock()
...
What if you wanted to create a Handler
that uses a special kind of lock?
The intention here
is that you subclass Hander
and override createLock()
to return your own favorite kind of lock instead.
It’s a clunky approach,
it takes several lines of code,
and it won’t compose well
if there are several ways you want to customize Handler
objects
in a variety of situations —
you’ll wind up with classes all over the place.
But it will work.
It just won’t be very Pythonic.


In a Wrattler notebook, each cell is associated with one or more nodes in a
depedency graph. Nodes in the dependency graph represent
parts of code. These can be coarse grained such as the enitre Python cell or more
fine grained (if a language plugin can parse source code and analyse dependencies fully
in the browser). When evaluating cell in a notebook, Wrattler does that by recursively
evaluating code associated with nodes (via a corresponding language plugin) in the
dependnecy graph. This module defines types and interfaces that represent values which
can be attached to nodes in the graph.
Value is an interface representing any value.
Language plugins can use their own types of values, but there are also a couple of
standard types that are understood and used by Wrattler.
ExportsValue is a value that should be attached
to a node that represents the result of evaluating the whole code cell. It provides
access to exports which is a dictionary with all things exported from a cell
(such as data frames and image or console outputs).
The special types of values understood by Wrattler are:
DataFrame representing a data frame,
Printout representing console output,
Figure representing an image and
JavaScriptOutputValue representing
arbitrary JavaScript code that manipulates the DOM of a given DOM element.
KnownValue is a sum type that represents
one of the known types above. The exports returned by ExportsValue should only
be instances of this type.
Known value is a sum type that represents all the standard types of values that Wrattler
understands. Those are values that should be exported by the exports property of
ExportsValue and represent images, console outputs, data frames, etc.
In a Wrattler notebook, each cell is associated with one or more nodes in a depedency graph. Nodes in the dependency graph represent parts of code. These can be coarse grained such as the enitre Python cell or more fine grained (if a language plugin can parse source code and analyse dependencies fully in the browser). When evaluating cell in a notebook, Wrattler does that by recursively evaluating code associated with nodes (via a corresponding language plugin) in the dependnecy graph. This module defines types and interfaces that represent values which can be attached to nodes in the graph.
Value
is an interface representing any value. Language plugins can use their own types of values, but there are also a couple of standard types that are understood and used by Wrattler.ExportsValue
is a value that should be attached to a node that represents the result of evaluating the whole code cell. It provides access toexports
which is a dictionary with all things exported from a cell (such as data frames and image or console outputs).The special types of values understood by Wrattler are:
DataFrame
representing a data frame,Printout
representing console output,Figure
representing an image andJavaScriptOutputValue
representing arbitrary JavaScript code that manipulates the DOM of a given DOM element.KnownValue
is a sum type that represents one of the known types above. Theexports
returned byExportsValue
should only be instances of this type.


{% load util %} {% load i18n %}
{% blocktrans trimmed %} In order to be approved we would expect that the suggested Facility offers colocation, data center and/or meet-me-room services to the public. {% endblocktrans %}
{% blocktrans trimmed %} Only use this if you don't own the Facility. If you own it, please use "Add Facility" under your organization record. {% endblocktrans %}
{% elif entity_name == "Exchange" %}
{% blocktrans trimmed %}
In order to be approved we would expect that the suggested Exchange meets the following criteria:
{% endblocktrans %}
{% blocktrans trimmed %}
An Internet Exchange Point (IXP) is a network facility that enables the interconnection of more than two independent Autonomous Systems, primarily for the purpose of facilitating the exchange of Internet traffic.
{% endblocktrans %}
{% blocktrans trimmed %}
An IXP provides interconnection only for Autonomous Systems. An IXP does not require the Internet traffic passing between any pair of participating Autonomous Systems to pass through any third Autonomous System, nor does it alter or otherwise interfere with such traffic
{% endblocktrans %}


ESRD-DS is primarily intended to help facilitate design and development, so the primary users are ESRD designers and engineers. However, it can also be used by testers to validate visual and code implementation.
ESRD-DS is open for pull requests from the broader Github community, per guidelines laid out in this document. We expect contributions primarily from the ESX team and EQRS developers. Suggestions, requests, and feedback should be submitted as Github issues.
ESRD-DS is maintained by the Shared Excellence team at ManTech.
People working on the EQRS UI should be conscious of not building “snowflake” patterns. The design system contains all the common patterns that are already in use on production, and their accepted variations.
If a designer or developer thinks they need to deviate from the design system and develop a new visual pattern, they should consider the following:
Developers should not develop new visual patterns without consulting a designer or the ESX team. If everyone decides that a new pattern is actually required, they should then work to develop the pattern to meet the acceptance criteria.
See the Workflow below for how to submit a new pattern, once these acceptance criteria are met.
Any well-maintained, continuously worked-on UI will eventually no longer need certain patterns. It should periodically evaluate the patterns it contains and ensure that anything obsolete is removed.
Because ESRD-DS serves government products, and potentially multiple teams external to the core design system team, the DS team should consider whether deprecating a pattern represents a breaking change to products using the design system. As such, all efforts should be made to communicate any upcoming deprecations with a minimum of six months’ notice, before the pattern, its code and documentation are removed from the system.
The Design System is housed on a public Github repository. While the repo is public-facing, it’s managed by a small team who are responsible for code review, merging to master, updating the UI and publishing to NPM. The master branch is protected, meaning that teammates cannot push directly to master and must submit pull requests in order to update the design system.
Anyone with valid Github credentials can fork the repository, make changes, and submit a pull request to the DS repository for review. EQRS-DS teammates with the correct permissions can create their own branches on the repo in order to submit pull requests.
Pull requests should be code-reviewed for accessibility, compliance and other standards before approving the PR.
Once a PR has been appropriately reviewed and approved by at least one teammate other than the author, either that person or the author can merge the new branch to master.
The Github repository is configured to automatically deploy the design system to Pages whenever the master branch is updated.
This workflow is TBD.


| Grow and Shrink |
|
Grow will expand the selection and shrink will have the opposite effect I only implemented my own Version of grow and shrink because the native Maya Commands seem not to support undo. My ones will do. Please note that these commands will be very slow on meshes with 6000+ polygons, and in these cases I suggest to use maya's native grow and shrink. |
| ByronsPolyTools -Flag ... | ||
| LongName | ShortName | Description |
| -growSelection | -gro | - grows your selection |
| -shrinkSelection | -shr | - shrinks your selection |


Removes an installed signal process.
| Parameters: |
|
|---|---|
| Return type: | void |
Removes the installed process from the foo signal.
PHP File @ /delete_process.php
<?php
/**
* Copyright 2010-12 Nickolas Whiting. All rights reserved.
* Use of this source code is governed by the Apache 2 license
* that can be found in the LICENSE file.
*/
/**
* Removes an installed signal process.
*
* @param string|integer|object $signal Signal process is attached to.
* @param object $process Process.
*
* @return void
*
* @example
*
* Delete installed process
*
* Removes the installed process from the foo signal.
*
* .. code-block::php
*
* <?php
* $process = xp_signal(XP_SIG('foo'), function(){});
*
* xp_delete_process(XP_SIG('foo'), $process);
*/
function xp_delete_process($signal, $process)
{
return XPSPL::instance()->delete_process($signal, $process);
}
Created on 02/24/14 04:00pm using Docpx


Sass director will give you a terminal command to paste inside of the directory with your manifest file to quickly build the file structure. Just sort out your Sass project architecture in a Sass manifest file (i.e. main.scss) or use one of these examples from the showcase. Then paste the code of this file into the text field below:
Now, inside of the same directory with your Sass mamifest file, paste the following code into your terminal to quickly build all of your folders and files:
NOTE: This is beta version 0.01. Caveats in this version include:


Class JobAccounting
Accounting information for a JobObject.
Inheritance
Inherited Members
Namespace: Fs.Processes.JobObjects
Assembly: Fs.Processes.dll
Syntax
public class JobAccounting
Properties
| Improve this Doc View SourceActiveProcesses
The total number of processes currently associated with the job.
Declaration
public uint ActiveProcesses { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt32 |
OtherBytes
The number of bytes transferred during operations other than read and write operations.
Declaration
public ulong OtherBytes { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt64 |
OtherOperations
The number of I/O operations performed, other than read and write operations.
Declaration
public ulong OtherOperations { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt64 |
PeakMemoryUsed
The peak memory usage of all processes currently associated with the job.
Declaration
public ulong PeakMemoryUsed { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt64 |
PeakProcessMemoryUsed
The peak memory used by any process ever associated with the job.
Declaration
public ulong PeakProcessMemoryUsed { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt64 |
ReadBytes
The number of bytes read.
Declaration
public ulong ReadBytes { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt64 |
ReadOperations
The number of read operations performed.
Declaration
public ulong ReadOperations { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt64 |
TerminatedProcesses
Thet total number of processes associated with the job that have been terminated due to limit violations.
Declaration
public uint TerminatedProcesses { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt32 |
ThisPeriodTotalKernelTime
The total amount of kernel-mode time for all processes associated with the job, since the last call that set a per-job kernel-mode time limit.
Declaration
public TimeSpan ThisPeriodTotalKernelTime { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.TimeSpan |
ThisPeriodTotalUserTime
The total amount of user-mode time for all processes associated with the job, since the last call that set a per-job user-mode time limit.
Declaration
public TimeSpan ThisPeriodTotalUserTime { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.TimeSpan |
TotalKernelTime
The total amount of kernel-mode time for all processes ever associated with the job.
Declaration
public TimeSpan TotalKernelTime { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.TimeSpan |
TotalPageFaults
The total number of page faults for all processes ever associated with the job.
Declaration
public uint TotalPageFaults { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt32 |
TotalProcesses
The total number of processes that have been associated with the job.
Declaration
public uint TotalProcesses { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt32 |
TotalUserTime
The total amount of user-mode time for all processes ever associated with the job.
Declaration
public TimeSpan TotalUserTime { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.TimeSpan |
WriteBytes
The number of bytes written.
Declaration
public ulong WriteBytes { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt64 |
WriteOperations
The number of write operations performed.
Declaration
public ulong WriteOperations { get; }
Property Value
| Type | Description |
|---|---|
| System.UInt64 |


| DOSE: |
50 mg |
oral |
2C-C |
(powder / crystals) |
* Summary: I'm glad that I did it and I'm glad that its over and I am happy that I dont have to do it again.
Positive effects:
+ Time seem to slow down [quite alot] so perception seem better and higher.
+ Extreme sharpness and alert of all bodily senses, things feel like they did when you were a kid - [colors/feelings/time/texture/experience].
Negative:
-- intellectually disappointing, and boring [some benefits were made].
-- strong nausea and sickness especially for the VERY long first two hours.
- pains in the lower body and internal organs [which I dont have normally].
- generally uncomfortable throughout the expeirence both mentally and physically.
- some body load
12:00 T+0: not white-grey powder 40-55 mg 2c-c down the hatch after being dissolved in water.
It was building up for two hours, two very nausiating hours.
And I felt terrible, not from the nausea alone, but from the aching effects it had on my lower body and internal organs [pains I dont have normally]. [Obviously the body doesnt like this substance, which might explain why people wake up somewhat happy the day after, that its mostly out of their system ...]
T+2: starts to settle, nausea subsides a bit, but some of it is stayed throughout. [nothing was eaten for some hours before the ingestion]
Vividing of colors and sounds is appreciated. Existance slows down and is waiting for me to establish a connection. Strong stimulative effects and lack of intellectual properties and personal preparation denies me that.
T+4.5: Byebye colors and sharpness and minimal mental experience and time distortion. Stimulant aspects disappointingly remains.
T+6.5: Almost all gone STIMUALNT is still here. Hard to concentrate and remember.
Note: various herbal teas [camomile, green tea, etc.] helped reduce nausea, but was not taken only after two hours.
At the 3rd the refregerator was open and VARIOUS VERY COLORFUL AND VIVID vegtables were taken out, cut to a fullscale sensory salad.
A short walk in the open outdoor gave a spectacular view of greens and blues and reds and whites. Some strange happyness and reassurance was there, some things were easier to grasp and understand, others not at all.
--
I wouldnt recommend this substance to anyone at any state, unless there are no other possibilities in the universe available.
For me, the best thing mind-alterants can benefit is intellectual property:
1) that I change things in my life *AND MYSELF* to a positive direction and avoid negative paths.
2) that I may better understand who what where why etc.
3) stop from the flood of day-to-day confusions aka. 'Normal' modern life, and the ability to concentrate on what is right and benefitial.
And maybe the occasional tranquility and euphoria from our ever-angry surroundings but for me its not the major issue. If it doesnt give this, or if I can achieve it in other ways I would not take it or any other.
Experience Reports are the writings and opinions of the individual authors who submit them.
Some of the activities described are dangerous and/or illegal and none are recommended by Erowid.


Hello, Code School!
Asp.Net Core
Jquery
Ajax
Node.js
Angular 2.0
HTML5 CSS3
Javascript
SQL
How to organize my code
How to have a usefull code
How to improve performance code


A Recaps in 1 minutes or less
A.1 Possibilities of using R
Console: type a command and hit Enter
- Base R Console
- RGui Console on Windows
- RStudio Console
Script: edit a text files and hit Ctrl+R or Ctrl+Enter
- RGui Script Window (Ctrl+R)
- RStudio Source Pane (Ctrl+Enter)
Point and Click
- R Commander
- jamovi, JASP etc.
A.2 Console features
- history of command: Up/Down arrows
- autocompletion: TAB
- continuation prompt: Esc
A.3 Advantages of Script editor in RStudio
- multi-line editor
- full-featured text editor: e.g. row numbering, syntax highlighting
- autocompletion of filenames, function names, arguments and objects
- cross-platform interface to R
- surrounded by integrated graphical environment (workspace, files, plots, help, etc.)
A.4 Useful keyboard shortcuts in RStudio
- Ctrl+Enter: Run commands
- Clipboard Operations (Cut, Copy, Paste Operations): Ctrl+X, Ctrl+C, Ctrl+V
- Ctrl++, Ctrl+-: Zoom in/out
- Ctrl+Shift+C: Comment lines/uncomment lines
- Ctrl+F: Find and replace text within script editor
- Ctrl+S: Save the script file
- Alt+-: Write assignment operator
- Ctrl+Shift+F10: Restart R session
A.5 Base types in R
- character (or string):
"apple juice"
- integer (whole numbers):
12L
- double (real numbers, decimal numbers):
12
,12.4
- logical (true false type things):
TRUE
,FALSE
A.6 Data structures
- Vector: one-dimensional, homogeneous
- Matrix: two-dimensional, homogeneous
- Array: two or more dimensional, homogeneous
- List: one-dimensional, heterogeneous
- Factor: integer vector with levels, which is a character vector
- Data frame: two-dimensional, heterogeneous
| Dimension | Homogenous | Heterogeneous |
|---|---|---|
| 1D | Vector, Factor | List |
| 2D | Matrix | Data frame |
| nD | Array |
A.7 Operators
| Operator | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
:: |
access | MASS::survey |
$ |
component | my.s$Sex |
[ [[ |
indexing | my.s$Height[c(2, 45)] |
^ ** |
exponentiation | 2^3 |
- + |
unary minus, unary plus | -2 |
: |
sequence operator | 1:10 |
%any% e.g. %% %/% %in% |
special operators | 12%%3 |
* / |
multiplication, division | 12*3 |
+ - |
addition, subtraction | 2.3 + 2 |
< > <= >= == != |
comparisions | 2<=3 |
! |
logical NOT | !TRUE |
& |
logical AND | TRUE & FALSE |
| |
logical OR | TRUE | FALSE |
<- |
assignment | col <- 12 |
R language provides following types of operators:
- Arithmetic Operators:
^
**
,-
(unary),+
(unary),%%
,%/%
,*
,/
,-
(binary),+
(binary) - Relational Operators:
<
,>
,<=
,>=
,==
,!=
,%in%
- Logical Operators:
!
,&
,|
- Assignment Operators:
<-
- Miscellaneous Operators:
::
,$
,[
,[[
,:
,?
A.8 Maths functions
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
| abs(x) | Takes the absolute value of x | abs(-1) |
| sign(x) | The signs of x |
sign(pi) |
| sqrt(x) | Returns the square root of x | sqrt(9+16) |
| exp(x) | Returns the exponential of x | exp(1) |
| log(x,base=exp(1)) | Takes the logarithm of x with base y; if base is not specified, returns the natural logarithm | log(exp(3));log(8,10) |
| log10(x);log2(x) | Takes the logarithm of x with base 10 or 2 | log10(1000);log2(256) |
| cos(x);sin(x);tan(x) | Trigonometric functions | cos(pi);sin(0);tan(0) |
| round(x,digits=0) | Rounds a numeric input to a specified number of decimal places | round(c(1.5,-1.5)) |
| floor(x) | Rounds a numeric input down to the next lower integer | floor(c(1.5,-1.5)) |
| ceiling(x) | Rounds a numeric input up to the next higher integer | ceiling(c(1.5,-1.5)) |
| trunc(x) | Truncates (i.e. cuts off) the decimal places of a numeric input | trunc(c(1.5,-1.5)) |
A.9 String functions
| Function | Description | Example |
|---|---|---|
paste();paste0(sep="") |
Concatenate strings | paste('a','b',sep='=') |
nchar(x) |
Count the number of characters | nchar('alma') |
substr(x,start,stop) |
Substrings of a character vector | substr('alma', 3, 5) |
tolower(x) |
Convert to lower-case | tolower('Kiss Géza') |
toupper(x) |
Convert to upper-case | toupper('Kiss Géza') |
chartr(old,new,x) |
Translates characters | chartr('it','ál','titik') |
cat(sep=" ") |
Concatenate and print | cat('alma','fa\n',sep='') |
grep();grepl();regexpr() |
Pattern matching | grepl(pattern='lm',x='alma') |
sub();gsub() |
Pattern matching and replacement | gsub('lm',repl='nyj',x='alma') |
A.10 Base R Statistical Functions
| Function | Description | Example | Value of Example |
|---|---|---|---|
| max(x) | The largest value of x |
max(1:10) | 10 |
| min(x) | The smallest value of x |
min(11:20) | 11 |
| sum(x) | The sum of all the values of x |
sum(1:5) | 15 |
| prod(x) | The product of all the values of x |
prod(1:5) | 120 |
| mean(x) | Mean of x |
mean(1:10) | 5.5 |
| median(x) | Median of x |
median(1:10) | 5.5 |
| range(x) | The minimum and the maximum | range(1:10) | 1 10 |
| sd(x) | Standard deviation of x | sd(1:10) | 3.03 |
| var(x) | Variance of x |
var(1:10) | 9.17 |
| cor(x,y) | Correlation between x and y |
cor(1:10,11:20) | 1 |
A.11 Regular sequences
| Function | Description | Example | Value of Example |
|---|---|---|---|
from:to |
generates a sequence from from= to to= in steps of 1 or -1 |
1:5 |
1 2 3 4 5 |
seq(from, to, by, length.out) |
generate regular sequences | seq(from=2, to=10, by=2) |
2 4 6 8 10 |
rep(x, times, each) |
replicate elements of vectors | rep(x=0, times=3) |
0 0 0 |
paste(sep, collapse) |
concatenate vectors | paste("No", 1:3, sep="_") |
"No_1" "No_2" "No_3" |
A.12 Subsetting
| Data structure | Example |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.13 Packages
| Operation | Example |
|---|---|
| Install a package from CRAN | install.packages("package_name") |
| Load a package | library(package_name) |
A.14 Reading/Writing data files
| Operation | Example |
|---|---|
| Import text files | read.table(file, sep, dec, header, fileEncoding) |
| Import Excel or SPSS files | rio::import(file) |
| Export text files | write.table(x, file, sep, dec, row.names, quote, fileEncoding) |
| Export Excel or SPSS files | rio::export(x, file) |
A.15 Filter
| Data structure | Example |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
A.16 Sort
| Data structure | Example |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.17 Data type conversion
| Conversion | Example |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.18 Transformation
| Transformation | Example |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|
A.19 Descriptive statistics
| Descriptive statistics | Example |
|---|---|
|
|
|
|
|
|


Habitat
Kingdra lives at extreme depths in the oceans, where few living creatures are found. For a long time it was believed that the yawning of this Pokemon is able to generate spiral ocean currents.


LocalVideoConfiguration(maxBitRateKbps: Int = 0)
Contains configuration for a local video or content share to be sent


This text will be hidden by #hideBtn
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LuaMidi ♫ – The Lua library to read and write MIDI files
LuaMidi ♫ is the pure Lua library to reading and writing MIDI files, with friendly API. As it provides MIDI data's total abstraction, it doesn't require the user to concern about technical stuff, such as delta time and NoteOn/NoteOff signals. Its methods are intuitive and its objects' data are completely human-readable.
You can check the docs at the wiki.
Please, publish an issue, if you find any.
This library doesn't have any dependencies.
Getting Started
Installation
To install LuaMidi, use LuaRocks:
$ luarocks install luamidi
Usage
Initially, it must import the main module:
local LuaMidi = require ('LuaMidi')
Once it's been done, all classes are available.
Here is an example of how to write the C Major Scale:
local LuaMidi = require ('LuaMidi') local Track = LuaMidi.Track local NoteEvent = LuaMidi.NoteEvent local Writer = LuaMidi.Writer -- Creates Track instance local track = Track.new() -- Table with notes as strings (must specify octave) local notes = {'C3', 'D3', 'E3', 'F3', 'G3', 'A3', 'B3', 'C4'} -- Adds notes to Track track:add_events(NoteEvent.new({pitch = notes, sequential = true})) -- Creates Writer passing Track local writer = Writer.new(track) -- Writes MIDI file called "C Major Scale.mid" writer:save_MIDI('C Major Scale')
Even though the above example creates a working MIDI file, it's encouragable to add some metadata to MIDI files. A more complete version of this code can be found here: examples/cmajorscale.lua
This short script works over the basics of LuaMidi. Initially, it creates a Track object. Then, it creates an array(notes
) with the notes as strings. After that, it adds this array to a new NoteEvent, also passing true
as sequential
field to indicate the notes won't be played at the same time. Once the track is ready, it creates a Writer object passing the track as parameter. With all tracks' data, the Writer can produce a working MIDI file.
You can check the complete documentation at the wiki.
Example
Stairway to Heaven (intro)
local LuaMidi = require ('LuaMidi') local Track = LuaMidi.Track local NoteEvent = LuaMidi.NoteEvent local Writer = LuaMidi.Writer local track = Track.new("Intro") track:set_copyright("(C) Led Zeppelin") track:set_instrument_name("Acoustic Guitar") local function note(pitch, duration) return NoteEvent.new({pitch = pitch, duration = tostring(duration)}) end local A3 = note('A3') local C4 = note('C4') local E4 = note('E4') local A4 = note('A4') local Ab3_B4 = note({'G#3', 'B4'}) local B4 = note('B4') local G3_C5 = note({'G3', 'C5'}) local C5 = note('C5') local Gb3_Gb4 = note({'F#3', 'F#4'}) local D4 = note('D4') local Gb4 = note('F#4') local F3_E4 = note({'F3', 'E4'}) local long_C4 = note('C4', 2) local Am = {'A2', 'E3', 'A3', 'C4'} local chord_GB = note({'B2', 'D3', 'G3', 'B3'}) local chord_Am = note(Am) local long_chord_Am = note(Am, 1) track:add_events({ A3, C4, E4, A4, Ab3_B4, E4, C4, B4, G3_C5, E4, C4, C5, Gb3_Gb4, D4, A3, Gb4, F3_E4, C4, A3, long_C4, E4, C4, A3, chord_GB, chord_Am, long_chord_Am }) local writer = Writer.new(track) writer:save_MIDI('stairway_to_heaven', 'midi files')
The produced MIDI file can be downloaded here: stairwaytoheaven.mid
Contributing
- Create an issue and describe your contribution
- Fork it (https://github.com/PedroAlvesV/LuaMidi/fork)
- Create a new branch for your contribution (
git checkout -b my-contribution
) - Commit your changes (
git commit -am 'New feature added'
) - Publish the branch (
git push origin my-contribution
) - Create a Pull Request
- Done :whitecheckmark:
Credits
- Lua library written by Pedro Alves
- Inspired by ♬ MidiWriterJS, by Garrett Grimm


Cryptonomicon zooms all over the world, careening conspiratorially back and forth between two time periods--World War II and the present. Our 1940s heroes are the brilliant mathematician Lawrence Waterhouse, crypt analyst extraordinaire, and gung-ho, morphine-addicted marine Bobby Shaftoe. They're part of Detachment 2702, an Allied group trying to break Axis communication codes while simultaneously preventing the enemy from figuring out that their codes have been broken. Their job boils down to layer upon layer of deception. Dr. Alan Turing is also a member of 2702, and he explains the unit's strange workings to Waterhouse.
All of this secrecy resonates in the present-day story line, in which the grandchildren of the WWII heroes--inimitable programming geek Randy Waterhouse and the lovely and powerful Amy Shaftoe--team up to help create an offshore data haven in Southeast Asia and maybe uncover some gold once destined for Nazi coffers. To top off the paranoiac tone of the book, the mysterious Enoch Root, key member of Detachment 2702 and the Societas Eruditorum, pops up with an unbreakable encryption scheme left over from WWII to befuddle the 1990s protagonists with conspiratorial ties.
... is the best that Corporal Bobby Shaftoe can do on short notice - he's standing on the running board, gripping his Springfield with one hand and the rearview mirror with the other, so counting the syllables on his fingers is out of thr question. Is "tires" one syllable or two? How about "wail"?The truck finally makes up its mind not to tip over, and thuds back onto four wheels. The wail - and the moment - are lost. Bobby can still hear the coolies singing, though, and now too there's the gunlike snicking of the truck's clutch linkage as Private Wiley downshifts. Could Wiley be losing his nerve? And, in the back, under the tarps, a ton and a half of file cabinets clanking, code books slaloming, fuel spanking the tanks of Station Alpha's electrical generator. The moder world's hell on haiku writers: "Electrical generator" is, what, eight syllables? You couldn't even fit that onto the second line!


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