D8 expert
Full projects, audits, bootstrap weeks, consulting, architecture, ...
20% of every project to the community
biggest Drupal contributor
~20 employees
- top 5 D8 ind. contrib.
- D8 expert
- D8 media expert (NP8 - 40+ contrib modules, porting)
- (^ and other) biggest Drupal contributor
Why do you do that?
Session based on experience: MD Systems as major contributor and as media lead.
Try to answer 3 questions.
Why are not more people doing this?
How do you do that?
And how you can do it too!
Why are we part of free* software?
*as in freedom, Richard M. Stallman style
**there is a prize at the end!
Brainstorming game.
(check next slide, remember extra)
Free as in free beer
Better software
Freedom
Community and people
Learning opportunity
Good career path
Client demanding it
Comment a bit:
- free beer -> obvious and likely something that attracts most users
- freedom!
- learning/knowledge sharing -> much easier to advance compared to other types
- career path (hands up, bla bla, ...) - own example
Who invented free software?
Ever heard "Free software song"?
- Ask audience
- Free software song
BTW... this was the prize.
- RMS very inspiring, sometimes extreme
- Who knows if FOSS would exist w/o him, how technology would look like
- Strongly suggest this book
- Free (beer), you can buy print (another example)
Free software
pros and cons
Pros:
Can influence, less €€ than own, community - learning and collaboration, learning by studying
code, lots of experts on the market, security, code quality, balanced efforts
Cons:
Costs €€, ever. avoids pushing big initiatives as someone else will do it, slow decision process
Proprietary software
pros and cons
Pros:
Someone does development for you, usually good docs, (pro) support, some kind of communities form
Cons:
No control, hard to learn if docs are not perfect, lots of €€, code quality questionable
(you don't know), security, competitiveness, features.
Own* software
pros and cons
*developed in house
Pros:
You control, you have knowledge about it, security through obscurity
Cons:
All development on you (unsustainable), lost of €€, core team can leave (no knowlegde),
quality of code questionable (QA, reviews, ..) - unless you have huge team, security
"From the business perspective, free software can be understood as a combination of own and 3rd party propeitary software. It can be one, the other or anywhere in between - depending on your understanding of it."
Janez Urevc, November 2016, Prague
Graphic by: Nenad Sćuric
**assuming Drupal a bit: agency, Drupal user**
1. (ab)use, same as proprietary (except €€ and support), pay price when problems arise (5 to 12),
no reputation, not responsible towards clients, appealing, worst position to be in, someone is cheaper
1. some contributions, bug reports/fixes, some reputation, respect, more likely to get help
1. bigger contributions, modules, bigger features, more reputation, more help, maybe start getting friends
1. initiative lead, hard (energy, €€), most reputation, access to best talent, access to decision makers
1. own foss project (closed garden), reputation? - nobody uses/nobody cares even if great sw,
social aspect, not much foss benefits, not core but some modules
Why?
Co-control the software, control the destiny
Reputation (and everything that comes with it)
Access to best talents
Taking part in decition making
Better career options (for individuals)
...
Plenty of good reasons...
... yet there are many not doing it.
* It is time for another game
Top 0.5% makes more than 20% of contributions.
Top 1% makes majority of contributions.
Game
Thoughts:
- This is among contributors, what about entire community?
- 3M+ users on d.o. => fraction contributes (and look what we've achieved)
- (you squeeze in 0%) ;)
- What would be possible if we involve just few % of users - no comercial software could compete
- I think that this is the main problem that we have.
- People usually need immediate benefits. (dopamine boost)
Graphic by: Perfect Hue (CC0 - public domain)
Protocol designed in a way that encourages everyone to behave in
their best interest. Everyone doing so ensures protocol to be honest.
Can we do something similar? People act in their best interest and help community by doing so?
We've done few good things...
... but we need to do more.
- communication and understanding of the importance (no immediate benefit)
- "featured" contributors
- early access to features
- early access to security releases (Drupalgeddon)
- easier access to help
All those are tricky and I don't have solutions. We need to figure this out together.
It is all about interest
We need to figure out how to make contributing to be in the best interest of our members.
All those are tricky and I don't have solutions. We need to figure this out together.
Photo by: Vasil Grozdanoski
... and succedeed.
Blažej and Radoslav
Why people are not contrubuting more?
Not many immediate benefits, lots of longer-term benefits, do not know how to incorporate this into
daily routine.
“We are what we repeatedly do. Excellence, therefore, is not an act, but a habit.”
Aristotle
21 days, 6 weeks, 90 days
whatever. Point is that you need to repeat something for some time in order to make it a habbit.
Treat as if it would be own project
- Experience a bug:
- patch -> provide feedback (at least learn how to use issue statuses - "Needs work" doesn't mean that someone will do it for free)
- Check if it is reported
- Report it if not (don't let bugs pass by)
- **If you are doing this -> 80% important**
- high prio - fix it and submit a patch
- low prio - be prepared never fixed - low for you low for everyone?
- habbit for your developers - **not the case - not part of the community**
Community tools are your tools
- Issue queues
- IRC
- Missing functionality in core/existing module
- Don’t complain!!!
- Feature request
- Low prio: Maybe someone else does it - but be prepared that it probably won’t
- High prio: Write a patch/module
- Talk about it - maybe you find someone that needs it too and you share the load, collaborate (session later - Floris and Ruben)
- Don’t do custom modules (unless it is very custom glue code)
Don't wait "Until it is ready"
- This is partly killing our advancement - everyone is waiting for someone else
- **"Is media ready?"**
- It won't happen automagically!
- Requires real people to do real work!
Be selfish
- Make your solutions general so you (or someone else) can use it in the future
- Share them under free sw license
- Since other people will be able to use it you might get new functionality for free.
- Don't be afraid what people will think of your code.
Don't be afraid
- Your code probably is crappy
- But everyone wrote few crappy lines of code in our lives
- Learn together!


The Greek philosophers, voracious in their curiosity, look with interest at the range of living creatures, from the humblest plant to man himself. A Greek name is coined by a German naturalist in the early 19th century for this study of all physical aspects of natural life - biology, from bios (life) and logos (word or discourse). It is a subject with clear subdivisions, such as botany, zoology or anatomy. But all are concerned with living organisms. The first man to make a significant contribution in biology is Alcmaeon, living in Crotona in the 5th century. Crotona is famous at the time for its Pythagorean scholars, but Alcmaeon seems not to have been of their school. Alcmaeon is the first scientist known to have practised dissection in his researches. His aim is not anatomical, for his interest lies in trying to find the whereabouts of human intelligence. But in the course of his researches he makes the first scientific discoveries in the field of anatomy. The subsequent Greek theory, subscribed to even by Aristotle, is that the heart is the seat of intelligence. Alcmaeon reasons that since a blow to the head can affect the mind, in concussion, this must be where reason lies. In dissecting corpses to pursue this idea, he observes passages linking the brain with the eyes (the optic nerves) and the back of the mouth with the ears (Eustachian tubes).Aristotle may be wrong about the brain being in the heart, but in general he gives a far more complete and well observed account of biology than any other Greek philosopher.He inaugurates scientific zoology in his reliance on careful observation. He is particularly acute in his study of marine life, having much to say on the habits of fishes, the development of the octopus family, and the nature of whales, dolphins and porpoises. He is also a pioneer in attempting a system of classification. Observing an unbroken chain of gradual developments, as the life of plants shades into that of animals, he acknowledges the complexity of the subject and seems almost to glimpse the pattern of evolution. Aristotle's notes on botany are lost, but many of his observations no doubt survive in the earliest known botanical text - nine books On the History of Plants written by Aristotle's favourite pupil, Theophrastus. Writing in about 300 BC, Theophrastus attempts to classify plants, as well as describing their structure, habits and uses. His remarks are based on observations carried out in Greece, but he also includes information brought back from the new Hellenistic empire in the Middle East, Persia and India, resulting from the conquests of Alexander the Great. The influential errors of Galen: 2nd century AD The newly appointed chief physician to the gladiators in Pergamum, in AD 158, is a native of the city. He is a Greek doctor by the name of Galen. The appointment gives him the opportunity to study wounds of all kinds. His knowledge of muscles enables him to warn his patients of the likely outcome of certain operations - a wise precaution recommended in Galen's Advice to doctors. But it is Galen's dissection of apes and pigs which give him the detailed information for his medical tracts on the organs of the body. Nearly 100 of these tracts survive. They become the basis of Galen's great reputation in medieval medicine, unchallenged until the anatomical work of Vesalius. Through his experiments Galen is able to overturn many long-held beliefs, such as the theory (first proposed by the Hippocratic school in about 400 BC, and maintained even by the physicians of Alexandria) that the arteries contain air - carrying it to all parts of the body from the heart and the lungs. This belief is based originally on the arteries of dead animals, which appear to be empty. Galen is able to demonstrate that living arteries contain blood. His error, which will become the established medical orthodoxy for centuries, is to assume that the blood goes back and forth from the heart in an ebb-and-flow motion. This theory holds sway in medical circles until the time of Harvey. Science's siesta: 8th - 15th century In the profoundly Christian centuries of the European Middle Ages the prevailing mood is not conducive to scientific enquiry. God knows best, and so He should - since He created everything. Where practical knowledge is required, there are ancient authorities whose conclusions are accepted without question - Ptolemy in the field of astronomy, Galen on matters anatomical. A few untypical scholars show an interest in scientific research. The 13th-century Franciscan friar Roger Bacon is the most often quoted example, but his studies include alchemy and a strology as well as optics and astronomy. The practical scepticism required for science must await the Renaissance.


Genesis 4:5
But unto Cain and to his offering he had not respect. And Cain was very wroth, and his countenance fell.


How do I access my C drive?
Mount points for hard drives on the local machine are automatically created and provide easy access to the Windows filesystem.
/mnt/<drive letter>/
Example usage would be cd /mnt/c to access c:\


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Customize the user interface with your application's colors, images, native login, etc. More...
Configure the User Interface | |
Methods used to customize the JREngage's user interface | |
| (void) | - setCustomInterfaceDefaults: |
Navigation Controller | |
Keys to customize the behavior and presentation of the library's navigation bar | |
| #define | kJRApplicationNavigationController |
| #define | kJRCustomModalNavigationController |
| #define | kJRNavigationControllerHidesCancelButton |
Background Colors | |
Keys to specify the background color of the library's dialogs | |
| #define | kJRAuthenticationBackgroundColor |
| #define | kJRSocialSharingBackgroundColor |
Background Images | |
Keys to specify image views to be used as the background of the library's dialogs | |
| #define | kJRAuthenticationBackgroundImageView |
| #define | kJRSocialSharingBackgroundImageView |
Title Views | |
Keys to specify UIViews to be used as the title views of the library's dialogs | |
| #define | kJRProviderTableTitleView |
| #define | kJRSocialSharingTitleView |
Title Strings | |
Keys to specify NSString titles to be used as the titles of the library's dialogs | |
| #define | kJRProviderTableTitleString |
| #define | kJRSocialSharingTitleString |
Provider Table Header and Footer Views | |
Keys to specify UIViews to be used as the Provider Table's header and footer views | |
| #define | kJRProviderTableHeaderView |
| #define | kJRProviderTableFooterView |
Provider Table Section Header and Footer Views | |
Keys to specify UIViews to be used as the Provider Table's providers section header and footer views | |
| #define | kJRProviderTableSectionHeaderView |
| #define | kJRProviderTableSectionFooterView |
Provider Table Section Header and Footer Strings | |
Keys to specify NSStrings to be used as the Provider Table's providers section header and footer text | |
| #define | kJRProviderTableSectionHeaderTitleString |
| #define | kJRProviderTableSectionFooterTitleString |
Popover Controller | |
Keys to specify the behavior of the UIPopoverController used to present the dialogs on the iPad | |
| #define | kJRPopoverPresentationFrameValue |
| #define | kJRPopoverPresentationBarButtonItem |
| #define | kJRPopoverPresentationArrowDirection |
Custom Authentication | |
Keys to customize the list of providers during sign-in | |
| #define | kJRRemoveProvidersFromAuthentication |
Deprecated | |
These keys have been deprecated in the current version of the JREngage library | |
| #define | kJRAuthenticationBackgroundColorRGBa |
| #define | kJRSocialSharingBackgroundColorRGBa |
Customize the user interface with your application's colors, images, native login, etc.
The Engage for iPhone SDK provides the ability to customize the look and feel of the user interface, as well as the ability to add your own native login experience, through the Custom Interface API. You can set many of the custom interface defaults through the JREngage.setCustomInterfaceDefaults:() method and override these defaults programmatically through any of the ...CustomInterfaceOverrides functions.
The SDK accepts a mutable dictionary of values, indexed by a pre-defined set of keys, and uses these to set the properties of the library's user interface. To configure the SDK programmatically (e.g., dynamically integrating your native login experience above or below the library's social logins), create an NSMutableDictionary object, indexed by a pre-defined set of keys and pass this to the library through the JREngage.setCustomInterfaceDefaults: method.
You can also override these default customizations by launching the authentication and social sharing with a new dictionary of the pre-defined set of keys and values with the JREngage.showAuthenticationDialogWithCustomInterface: or JREngage.showSocialPublishingDialogWithActivity:andCustomInterface: methods. Any overlapping values passed into the show...Dialog methods will override the corresponding values passed into the JREngage.setCustomInterfaceDefaults: method.
| #define kJRApplicationNavigationController |
Key for your application's main UINavigationController object on which to push the sign-in and sharing dialogs
| #define kJRCustomModalNavigationController |
Key for a UINavigationController object that your application owns.
If you want to push your own views onto the library’s navigation controller, but your application does not have a navigation controller or your application is running on the iPad or if you want the library’s dialogs to present themselves using the UIModalTransitionStyleCoverVertical transition style, you can use the kJRCustomModalNavigationController key. This is also necessary if you want to tint the navigation bar’s color.
| #define kJRNavigationControllerHidesCancelButton |
Key for a boolean value represented by an NSObject to indicate if the dialog's "Cancel" button should be hidden.
If you want to hide the "Cancel" button on the Providers Table or Social Sharing screen, pass in an NSObject containing a positive integer or the strings @"YES"
or @"TRUE"
. This will remove the "Cancel" button from the library's dialogs.
| #define kJRAuthenticationBackgroundColor |
Key for a UIColor object to set as the background color of the Providers Table and the User Landing screen.
| #define kJRSocialSharingBackgroundColor |
Key for a UIColor object to set as the background color of the Social Sharing screen.
| #define kJRAuthenticationBackgroundImageView |
Key for the UIImageView containing the image to be set as the background of the Providers Table and the User Landing screen.
| #define kJRSocialSharingBackgroundImageView |
Key for the UIImageView containing the image to be set as the background of the Social Sharing screen.
| #define kJRProviderTableTitleView |
Key for the UIView object to be set as the title view of the Providers Table.
| #define kJRSocialSharingTitleView |
Key for the UIView object to be set as the title view of the Social Sharing screen.
| #define kJRProviderTableTitleString |
Key for the NSString title to be set as the title of the Providers Table.
| #define kJRSocialSharingTitleString |
Key for the NSString title to be set as the title of the Social Sharing screen.
| #define kJRProviderTableHeaderView |
Key for the UIView object to be set as the header view of the Providers Table.
| #define kJRProviderTableFooterView |
Key for the UIView object to be set as the footer view of the Providers Table.
| #define kJRProviderTableSectionHeaderView |
Key for the UIView object to be set as the view of the providers section header in the Providers Table.
| #define kJRProviderTableSectionFooterView |
Key for the UIView object to be set as the view of the providers section footer in the Providers Table.
| #define kJRProviderTableSectionHeaderTitleString |
Key for the NSString to be set as the title of the providers section header in the Providers Table.
| #define kJRProviderTableSectionFooterTitleString |
Key for the NSString to be set as the title of the providers section footer in the Providers Table.
| #define kJRPopoverPresentationFrameValue |
Key specifying the NSValue of a CGRect from which the authentication and sharing dialogs should originate if using a modal popover view on the iPad.
CGRect rect = CGRectMake(x,y,w,h); NSValue *rectValue = [NSValue valueWithCGRect:rect];
| #define kJRPopoverPresentationBarButtonItem |
Key for the UIBarButtonItem object from which the authentication and sharing dialogs should originate if using a modal popover view on the iPad.
| #define kJRPopoverPresentationArrowDirection |
Key for an NSNumber object representing the UIPopoverArrowDirection enumeration when presenting the dialog from a UIPopoverController.
The default is UIPopoverArrowDirectionAny
.
[NSNumber numberWithInt:UIPopoverArrowDirectionDown];
| #define kJRRemoveProvidersFromAuthentication |
Key for an NSArray object containing a list of /e NSString provider names that you would like to exclude from table of providers when you launch the sign-in dialog
For a list of possible strings, please see the List of Providers
| #define kJRAuthenticationBackgroundColorRGBa |
| #define kJRSocialSharingBackgroundColorRGBa |
| - (void) setCustomInterfaceDefaults: | (NSMutableDictionary *) | customInterfaceDefaults |
Use this function if you want to customize the look and feel of the user interface or add your own native login experience, by passing an NSMutableDictionary object indexed by the set of pre-defined custom interface keys.
| customInterfaceDefaults | A dictionary of objects and properties, indexed by the set of pre-defined custom interface keys, to be used by the library to customize the look and feel of the user interface and/or add a native login experience |


Implementation of Time-course Gene Set Analysis (TcGSA), a method for analyzing longitudinal gene-expression data at the gene set level.
| Version: | 0.11.1 |
| Depends: | R (≥ 3.0.2), ggplot2 (≥ 2.0.0) |
| Imports: | lme4 (≥ 1.0-4), reshape2, GSA, multtest, cluster, cowplot, gplots, graphics, grDevices, gtools, stringr, splines, stats, utils |
| Suggests: | foreach, parallel, doParallel, tcgsaseq, knitr, GEOquery, rmarkdown |
| Published: | 2018-06-08 |
| Author: | Boris P. Hejblum [aut, cre], Damien Chimits [aut], Anthony Devaux [aut] |
| Maintainer: | Boris P. Hejblum <boris.hejblum at u-bordeaux.fr> |
| BugReports: | https://github.com/borishejblum/TcGSA/issues |
| License: | GPL-2 | file LICENSE |
| NeedsCompilation: | no |
| Citation: | TcGSA citation info |
| Materials: | README NEWS |
| CRAN checks: | TcGSA results |
| Reference manual: | TcGSA.pdf |
| Vignettes: |
TcGSA_userguide |
| Package source: | TcGSA_0.11.1.tar.gz |
| Windows binaries: | r-devel: TcGSA_0.11.1.zip, r-release: TcGSA_0.11.1.zip, r-oldrel: TcGSA_0.11.1.zip |
| OS X binaries: | r-release: TcGSA_0.11.1.tgz, r-oldrel: TcGSA_0.11.1.tgz |
| Old sources: | TcGSA archive |
Please use the canonical form https://CRAN.R-project.org/package=TcGSA to link to this page.


--- layout: post title: Customizing Serialization of Entities in the ADO.NET Data Services Client Library date: 2008-12-11 18:06:00.000000000 -05:00 type: post published: true status: publish categories: [] tags: - Astoria - DataServiceContext - Demo - Documentation - Prototype meta: _encloseme: '1' orig_url: http://blogs.msdn.microsoft.com/b/phaniraj/archive/2008/12/11/customizing-serialization-of-entities-in-the-ado-net-data-services-client-library.aspx orig_site_id: '7524' orig_post_id: '9199026' orig_parent_id: '9199026' orig_thread_id: '624058' _wds_ratings_users: '1' _wds_ratings_score: '5' orig_application_key: phaniraj orig_post_author_id: '56365' orig_post_author_username: PhaniRajuYN orig_post_author_created: Nov 10 2006 05:47:39:000PM orig_is_approved: '1' orig_attachment_count: '0' orig_url_title: http://blogs.msdn.com/b/phaniraj/archive/2008/12/11/customizing-serialization-of-entities-in-the-ado-net-data-services-client-library.aspx _wds_ratings_average: '5' opengraph_tags: | author: login: phanirajuyn email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Phani Raju MSFT first_name: '' last_name: '' ---
This post is inspired by this forum thread :Data services client -- exception on saveChanges
I have added some custom proeprties to the Entity Types Generated by DataSvcUtil.exe /Add Service Reference / Hand Coded ,
these properties do not exist on the server and should not be sent to the server .
When I try to save an object of a Type which has custom client-Side only properties to the Data Service using AddObject and SaveChanges,
I get the following error :
Error processing request stream. The property name '{PropertyName}' specified for type '{TypeName} is not valid
This error is basically from the server telling the client library that its sending a payload which does not seem to match the definition
of the Entity Type on the server.
We can solve this problem by customizing the Payload that the client generates when it sends the entity to the server.
The DataServiceContext exposes an event called WritingEntity that is fired right before we send the payload over the wire.
Its argumentlist contains ReadingWritingEntityEventArgs which gives you access to the Entity Instance being Serialized ( e.Entity )
and the ATOM Payload (e.Data ) we are about to send to the Server.
void dataContext_WritingEntity(object sender, ReadingWritingEntityEventArgs e) { // e.Data gives you the XElement for the Serialization of the Entity //Using XLinq , you can add/Remove properties to the element Payload XName xnEntityProperties = XName.Get("properties", e.Data.GetNamespaceOfPrefix("m").NamespaceName); XElement xePayload = e.Data.Descendants().Where<XElement>(xe => xe.Name == xnEntityProperties).First<XElement>(); //The XName of the property we are going to remove from the payload XName xnProperty = XName.Get(“{PropertyName}”, e.Data.GetNamespaceOfPrefix("d").NamespaceName); //Get the Property of the entity you don't want sent to the server XElement xeRemoveThisProperty = xePayload.Descendants().Where<XElement>(xe => xe.Name == xnProperty).First<XElement>(); //Remove this property from the Payload sent to the server xeRemoveThisProperty.Remove(); } }
Generalizing this further , we want to make it easier to customize the serialization of multiple entity types without having to write
multiple copies of the WritingEntity event handler.
We will add an attribute that specfies that a certain CLR property should not be serialized in the ATOM Payload when the client library
sends the entity to the server.
/// <summary> /// Properties marked with this Attribute are not serialized in the payload when sent to the server /// </summary> [AttributeUsage(AttributeTargets.Property)] public class DoNotSerializeAttribute : Attribute { }
Now , we change the WritingEntity Event handler to remove any property that has this attribute on it .
void DataServiceContextEx_WritingEntity(object sender, ReadingWritingEntityEventArgs e) { // e.Data gives you the XElement for the Serialization of the Entity //Using XLinq , you can add/Remove properties to the element Payload XName xnEntityProperties = XName.Get("properties", e.Data.GetNamespaceOfPrefix("m").NamespaceName); XElement xePayload = null; foreach (PropertyInfo property in e.Entity.GetType().GetProperties()) { object[] doNotSerializeAttributes = property.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(DoNotSerializeAttribute), false); if (doNotSerializeAttributes.Length > 0) { if (xePayload == null) { xePayload = e.Data.Descendants().Where<XElement>(xe => xe.Name == xnEntityProperties).First<XElement>(); } //The XName of the property we are going to remove from the payload XName xnProperty = XName.Get(property.Name, e.Data.GetNamespaceOfPrefix("d").NamespaceName); //Get the Property of the entity you don't want sent to the server XElement xeRemoveThisProperty = xePayload.Descendants().Where<XElement>(xe => xe.Name == xnProperty).First<XElement>(); //Remove this property from the Payload sent to the server xeRemoveThisProperty.Remove(); } } }
We can encapsulate this functionality into its own class and any DataServiceContext type that inherits from this class should be able to
inherit this functionality too .
Complete Source Code :
Create a partial class with the same name as shown above and include it in your application to get this behavior.
Attribute your types with the DoNotSerializeAttribute attribute so that this property is not serialized.
public class TestType { public int ID { get; set; } /// <summary> /// This Property is client-only , should not be sent to the server /// </summary> [DoNotSerialize] public string ClientOnlyProperty { get; set; } }


clock_set_attributes
Function - Set a particular clock's attributes.
SYNOPSIS
kern_return_t clock_set_attributes (clock_ctrl_t clock_control, clock_flavor_t flavor, clock_attr_t attribute, clock_control attribute_count);
PARAMETERS
- clock_control
-
[in clock-control send right]
The control port for the clock.
- flavor
-
[in scalar]
Type of information to be set. Defined values are:
- CLOCK_ALARM_CURRES
- The resolution, in nanoseconds, at which clock alarm and sleep timers are currently serviced. Increasing the current resolution will have no impact on any pending clock alarms (i.e. they will go off as originally scheduled). Decreasing the current resolution will truncate any pending alarms to the granularity of the new current resolution. This value must be a multiple of the minimum resolution and not greater than the maximum resolution of the clock.
- attribute
-
[pointer to in scalar]
New attribute.
- attribute_count
- [in scalar] The size of the buffer (in natural-sized units).
DESCRIPTION
The clock_set_attributes function sets attributes of a clock's operation.
NOTES
The main reason a clock's current resolution would not always equal its minimum resolution is because the overhead of sustaining the minimum resolution, when it is not needed by any existing alarm service client, may be prohibitive for a given hardware platform and underlying clock device.
RETURN VALUES
Only generic errors apply.
RELATED INFORMATION
Functions: host_get_clock_control, clock_set_time, clock_get_attributes.


Foster an enviroment that empowers Leadership Studies Academic community member with sharing interests, values, and ideas to find each other and dream larger.
Connection, Self-Direction, Autonomy, Knowledge
Create a database that serves as a tool to connect students with partners with shared common visions in leadership projects and opportunities by raising awareness of activities which were completed, in process, ideas will likely to become projects, and the people involved in each.
“Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts. Separated they live in Bookmarksgrove right at the coast of the Semantics, a large language ocean.”
“Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts.”
“Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts. Separated they live in Bookmarksgrove right at the coast of the Semantics, a large language ocean.”
These are some projects that are being run this 2019 Academic year by students from the Leasership Studies.
LS Activities and Initiatives are...
Click for MoreThese are all Capstone projects are being run this Academic Fall, 2019 semester.
These are all Leadership Studies Activities and Initiatives happening this Academic Fall, 2019 semester.
Dignissimos asperiores vitae velit veniam totam fuga molestias accusamus alias autem provident. Odit ab aliquam dolor eius.


|
Bullet Collision Detection & Physics Library
|
Go to the source code of this file.
Classes | |
| class | btCollisionConfiguration |
| btCollisionConfiguration allows to configure Bullet collision detection stack allocator size, default collision algorithms and persistent manifold pool size More... | |


Juan Gabriel
Alberto Aguilera Valadez was born January 7, 1950 and died August 28, 2016. Was a Mexican singer, songwriter and actor known professionally as Juan Gabriel.
Gabriel was known for his flamboyant style, which broke barriers within the Latin music market. Widely considered one of the best and most prolific Mexican composers and singers of all time, he has been called a pop icon.
"Hasta que te conocí", is a drama series that follows the steps of Alberto Aguilera Valadez, towards his dream to fame. A tour of 13 episodes based on unpublished evidence that reveals, as never before, the life of the Divo of Juarez: Juan Gabriel. A story that tells how his talent led him to defy his fate and overcome poverty, betrayals and prejudices, to become Juan Gabriel, the most beloved musical icon in Latin America.


Halloween is here and Christmas is coming!!! Look out for the incoming holiday sales!!
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Resource Allocation Graph
The resource allocation graph is the pictorial representation of the state of a system. As its name suggests, the resource allocation graph is the complete information about all the processes which are holding some resources or waiting for some resources.
It also contains the information about all the instances of all the resources whether they are available or being used by the processes.
In Resource allocation graph, the process is represented by a Circle while the Resource is represented by a rectangle. Let's see the types of vertices and edges in detail.
Edges in RAG are also of two types, one represents assignment and other represents the wait of a process for a resource. The above image shows each of them.
A resource is shown as assigned to a process if the tail of the arrow is attached to an instance to the resource and the head is attached to a process.
A process is shown as waiting for a resource if the tail of an arrow is attached to the process while the head is pointing towards the resource.
To check processes can have safe sequence use Banker's Algorithm .


TABLE OF INTERACTIONS WITH
PRISTINAMYCIN
From the French ANSM drug interactions document of
September 2016, pp. 181-182
PRISTINAMYCIN RxNorm: 66958 ATC: J01FG01 |
VITAMIN K ANTAGONISTS CLASS CODE: B01AA-001 |
Increase of the effect of the vitamin K antagonist and of the risk of hemorrhage |
Precaution for use More frequent testing of the INR. Possible adjustment of the dosage of the vitamin K antagonist during the treatment with the pristinamycin and after it is stopped |
PRISTINAMYCIN RxNorm: 66958 ATC: J01FG01 |
COLCHICINE RxNorm: 2683 ATC: M04AC01 |
Increase of the undesirable effects of the colchicine with potentially fatal consequences |
CONTRAINDICATION |
PRISTINAMYCIN RxNorm: 66958 ATC: J01FG01 |
IMMUNOSUPPRESSANTS CLASS CODE: L04A |
Increase of the blood concentrations of the immunosuppressant due to inhibition of its hepatic metabolism |
Precaution for use Blood concentration dosage of the immunosuppressant, testing of the renal function and adjustment of its dosage during the administration of the medications together and after it is stopped. |


--- layout: post title: Steve Jobs Resigns From Apple published: true --- [[posterous-content:bNFpoQwyggqzo9qpHbj3]]


|
Houzi Game Engine
|
Represents a vertex_array object. More...
#include <vertex_array.hpp>
Public Member Functions | |
| vertex_array () | |
| default constructor. | |
| const gl::vertex_array_handle & | get_handle () const noexcept |
| Retrieves the reference to the OpenGL vertex array object. More... | |
| bool | is_bound () const |
| Checks if the vertex_array is currently bound. More... | |
| void | set_vertex_data (const vertex_buffer &vb, uint binding_index, const vertex_format &vf) |
| Binds a vertex_buffer as a vertex buffer. More... | |
| void | set_element_data (const vertex_buffer &eb) |
| Binds a vertex_buffer as an element buffer. More... | |
| Public Member Functions inherited from hou::non_copyable | |
| non_copyable () noexcept | |
| default constructor | |
| virtual | ~non_copyable () |
| Destructor. | |
| non_copyable (const non_copyable &)=delete | |
| Deleted copy constructor. | |
| non_copyable (non_copyable &&)=default | |
| Defaulted move constructor. | |
| non_copyable & | operator= (const non_copyable &)=delete |
| Deleted copy assignment operator. | |
| non_copyable & | operator= (non_copyable &&)=default |
| Defaulted move assignment operator. | |
Static Public Member Functions | |
| static void | bind (const vertex_array &va) |
| Binds the vertex_array to the current graphic_context. More... | |
| static void | unbind () |
| Unbinds the currently bound vertex_array, if present. | |
| static uint | get_max_binding_index () |
| Retrieves the maximum number of vertex_buffer objects that can be bound to a single vertex_array object. More... | |
Represents a vertex_array object.
|
static |
Binds the vertex_array to the current graphic_context.
| va | the vertex_array to be bound. |
|
noexcept |
Retrieves the reference to the OpenGL vertex array object.
|
static |
Retrieves the maximum number of vertex_buffer objects that can be bound to a single vertex_array object.
| bool hou::vertex_array::is_bound | ( | ) | const |
Checks if the vertex_array is currently bound.
| void hou::vertex_array::set_element_data | ( | const vertex_buffer & | eb | ) |
Binds a vertex_buffer as an element buffer.
The data in the vertex_buffer represents indices referring to element of the bound vertex buffer.
| eb | the vertex_buffer to be bound. |
| void hou::vertex_array::set_vertex_data | ( | const vertex_buffer & | vb, |
| uint | binding_index, | ||
| const vertex_format & | vf | ||
| ) |
Binds a vertex_buffer as a vertex buffer.
The data in the vertex_buffer represents vertex data. Throws if binding index is greater than the maximum binding index.
| vb | the vertex_buffer to be bound. |
| binding_index | the binding index to be used. |
| vf | the format of the vertices contained in vb. |


Case-specific checks
To specify any additional case-specific checks e:check
tag may be used.
Examples
{
"GET": "/mirror/headers",
"Authorization": null,
"Accept-Language": null,
"cookies": {}
}
Some additional check for case 1
{
"GET": "/mirror/headers",
"Authorization": null,
"Accept-Language": null,
"cookies": {}
}
Some additional check for case 2


To: President/Ceo From: James Kabila. INVESTMENT OFFER Dear Sir, In appreciation of your esteemed contact received through a reliable source and the choice of your country I wish to introduce myself, I am Mr.James Kabila the son of the late Democratic Republic of Congo President Laurent Desire Kabila of the blessed memory.I know this letter might come to you as a surprise butI honestly do not intend to surprise you. I write this letter in respect of my intention to invest the sum of US$35M(Thirty Five Million United State Dollars) with you.I inherited this money from my mother. This money was got through the smuggling and sales of Diamond and Timber when my father was the head of state. My mother though not her legal wife used her privilege position to engage in the business of Diamond and Timber since she knows that her survival will depend on how much she can get out of the privilege situation. When my father was assassinated on 16TH Jan. 01 by one of his bodyguards Lt. Rashidi Kasereke through the conspiracy of some top army officers that wanted to topple him. I escaped to Madrid, Spain because of the fear that I might be arrested by my half brother Lt.General Joseph Kabila the present head of state.Actually his mother and my mother are not in the best of relationship because of who among them will be the first lady tussle and this ultimately affected us their children.My mother advised me to leave For Madrid, Spain where these funds were deposited for safe keeping with a Private Security Company here in Spain.On getting to Spain where I have been living since then as a political refugee, I am seeking for a reliable foreigner who can come down to Madrid, Spain for a meeting and to clear the funds in his name as the sole beneficiary of the Consignment as I was afraid of being defraud. Honestly I contacted you because I don't want to invest this money in Madrid Spain due to my status here as a political Refugee. And moreover I wouldn't want to take risk because this money is all that my Mother and I are depending on. My step brother Joseph,who is now the present leader of my country has seized all my father's assets and money. He left us empty handed without knowing about this funds deposited with the Security Company here. That is why I decided that investing this money abroad should be the best investment for me. I will be honored if I can be given the privilege of investing this money with you. I expect you to be trust worthy and kind enough to respond to this distress call to save My Mother and I from a hopeless future. And if you agree, I hereby agree to compensate your sincere and candid effort in this regard with 15% of the total amount of $35million US Dollars. When the money ($35 million) is moved into your discrete account. You will be allowed to draw 15% in your favor, while the remaining 85% will be invested meaning fully for our future if possible in your area of business and different sectors of the Economy in your country which are dividends yielding.Whatever your decision is please reach me immediately,and keep this letter tight secret for the interest of my Family. Best regards, Mr.James Kabila. ___________________________________________________ Yahoo! Messenger - Nueva versión GRATIS Super Webcam, voz, caritas animadas, y más... http://messenger.yahoo.es


First commandment
From Pebbles of Perception
June 2018
Why not make a conscious decision to learn something new every day? No matter how small the daily learning, it is significant when aggregated over a lifetime. Resolving early in life to have a continuous learning mindset is not only more interesting than the passive alternative, it is also remarkably powerful. Choosing lifelong learning is one of the few good choices that can make a big difference in our lives, giving us an enormous advantage when practised over a long period –Laurence Endersen


Help Menu
The Help Menu has just two elements:
Help
Help is available by choosing this menu item, or by pressing F1.
About Reload Editor ...
This screen gives details of the RELOAD Editor software, including contributors, copyright and contact information. It is also the easiest place to find out the version number and date of RELOAD Editor.


Add Task Forms, Deploy the Process to the Server and Use the Camunda Tasklist
Goal
In this lab you add some simple task forms to your process and deploy the project to the Camunda BPM platform. Then you are able to click through the process with the Camunda Tasklist. This means our little lab process is completed and working :-)
In order to have forms displayed to the user in the web gui you have to define what data should be displayed on that forms. The Camunda Tasklist supports four different approaches to task forms: generic forms, generated forms, embedded HTML forms and external Web pages. In this lab we will use embedded HTML forms and create simple HTML pages.
Detailed information on the use of Embedded Forms can be found in the User Guide and in the Embedded Forms Reference.
Short description
- Edit the HTML forms that were generated by the maven archetype.
- Bind the forms in the form key to the user tasks and events.
- Deploy the process application to the application server.
- Start a process instance in the task list and run through it.
Detailed steps
- Have a look at the HTML forms generated by the Maven Archetype in
src/main/webapp/forms
and use them for your process. - Edit the form fields according to your process variables that you specified in the JUnit test.
- Set the form key of the start event (or the write tweet user task) to
embedded:app:forms/start-form.html
- Set the form key of the review tweet user task to
embedded:app:forms/task-form.html
- Now deploy the process to Camunda BPM: Right-click on the Eclipse project and select
Run As -> Maven build
. Eclipse should have rembered the Maven goalsclean wildfly:deploy
in a run configuration from the last time you ran it. If not, a dialog should appear, in which you can enter them. - Watch the WildFly console and see how the process gets deployed automatically.
- After deploying you can start a process instance in Camunda Tasklist by going to ‘Start Process’ and select your process. After submitting the data you can go to the task list and click through the rest of the process.
Hints
- If you deploy multiple times because of testing, you will see the versioning capabilities of Camunda BPM. Please ask your instructor for any questions on the Tasklist web application.
- In Tasklist, you can see the status of a running process instance. Have a look and play around with it!


Rogue also has some more features that are blockchain based, Your avatar is a token, multiple sell-able accounts which can be used for winning multiplayer, and your in game gold is exchanged for a real currency ( getting paid to play)
I think maybe we will find some good ideas as the game devlops more, I feel like we will need to add features to it.


Here you can find the pages you will need during the contest!
There are 3 pages ( Problems , Standing, Clarification )
View Problem Set with the time limit for each problem!
Keep yourself up to date with the real-time standing.
You can view all important clarifications issued by the judge!


Dungeon World Improv
An indie tool for
Dungeon World
-
Sources:
Sources
Dungeon World SRD
Tricks, Empty Rooms, and Basic Trap Design
by Courtney C. Campbell
The Big List of RPG Plots
by S. John Ross
This project is open source on
GitHub.
Loading...
Select a page from the folders on the left


Try out our Premium Member services: Virtual Legal Assistant, Query Alert Service and an ad-free experience. Free for one month and pay only if you like it.
* IN THE HIGH COURT OF DELHI AT NEW DELHI 11. + LPA 277/2009 % Decided on : 14th September, 2009 VEDANTA ALUMINA LTD. ..... Appellant Through: Dr. A.M. Singhvi, Sr. Adv. with Mr. P.C. Sen, Mr. Pallav Kumar Singh, Mr. Nitin Dahiya, Advocates Versus PRAFULLA SAMANTRA & ORS. ..... Respondents Through: Mr. Sanjay Parekh, Mr. Ritwick Dutta, Mr. Rahul Chawdhary, Advocates for R-1 Mr. A.S. Chandhiok, ASG with Ms. Sweta Kakkad, Ms. Dimple Murria, Advocates for R-2/MoEF Mr. J.R. Das, Mr. P.P. Nayak, Advs. for R-3/OPCB CORAM: HON'BLE THE CHIEF JUSTICE HON'BLE MR. JUSTICE MANMOHAN 1. Whether Reporters of local papers may be allowed to see the judgment?y 2. To be referred to the Reporter or not? y 3. Whether the judgment should be reported in Digest? y Ajit Prakash Shah, Chief Justice (Oral) :- The question that falls for consideration in this appeal is whether the first respondent (original writ petitioner) is a "person aggrieved" to maintain an appeal before the National Environment Appellate Authority (hereinafter referred to as the „Authority‟) under Section 11 of the National Environment Authority Act, 1999 (hereinafter referred to as „the Act‟). 2. The circumstances giving rise to this appeal are as follows: The first respondent claims to be a social and environmental activist involved in issues concerning tribals and environment and also is the President of the Orissa Unit of the Lok Shakti Abhiyan, an organization dedicated to social and environmental causes. It is claimed that together with his group, he has been closely following the environmental issues in Brundamal and Bhurkamunda, District Jharsuguda, Orissa and is LPA 277/2009 Page 1 of 17 working among the affected communities. 3. The second respondent, i.e. the Orissa State Pollution Control Board announced a public hearing on 20th October, 2005 for a proposed aluminum smelter plant under the provisions of the Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) Notification, 1994. The first respondent objected to the public hearing on the ground that this is not a separate project but the third stage of a Bauxite Mining Project. The public hearing was cancelled and re-scheduled for a later date on 09.12.2005. The first respondent made another representation challenging the faulty EIA of the project on 9.12.2005, inter alia stating the following: "The Public Hearing for this Aluminum Smelter, an integral part of Vedanta‟s bauxite miming, alumina refinery and aluminum smelting project which is currently sub judice is legally wrong. State Pollution Control Board is going ahead with the Public Hearing without taking into account the recommendations of the Central Empowerment Committee to the Supreme Court of India which show that Vedanta has violated forest and conservation laws. It may be recalled that the CEC in its recommendation to the Apex Court had asked for the withdrawal of the environmental clearance to the alumina refinery plant located in Lanjigarh and strictly recommended not to give the Niyamgiri Hills for bauxite mining to the company. The three phases of an aluminum plant involves necessarily the first step of having captive bauxite mining which would provide raw material for the second step that is the alumina refinery that in turn will be supplied to aluminum smelter in the third step. The following situation prevails with regard to the above three steps, which are essentially part of the same project. 1. Bauxite mine: License for mining not granted. The CEC says "It is of considered view that the use of the forest land in an ecologically sensitive area like Niyamgiri Hills should not be permitted (para 32, page 52)" and again the CEC says "The project may only be considered after an alternative bauxite mine site is identified (para 33, page 53)" 2. Aluminum refinery: The observation of the CEC is significant on the alumina plant when it says "The casual approach, lackadaisical manner and the haste with which the entire issues of the forests and environmental clearance for the alumina refinery project has been dealt with smacks of undue favour/leniency and does not inspire confidence with regard to the willingness and resolve of both the state government and the MoEF to deal with such matters keeping in view the ultimate goal of national and public interest. In the instant case had a proper study been conducted before embarking on a project of this nature and magnitude involving massive investment, the objections to this project from environmental/ ecological/ forest angle would have LPA 277/2009 Page 2 of 17 become known in the beginning itself and in all probability the project would have been abandoned at this site" (para 32, page 52). The CEC further states that "keeping in view all the facts and circumstances brought out in the preceding paragraphs it is recommended that this honourable court may consider revoking the environmental clearance dated 22.9.2004 granted by the MoEF for setting up of Alumina refinery plant by M/s Vedanta and directing them to stop work on the project (para 33, page 53)" In the EIA of this project it has been mentioned in page 27, point 2.3.1 that the proposed aluminum smelter plant will receive alumina from the alumina refinery at Lanjigarh, Kalahandi district of Orissa which is about 240 kms away from the smelter plant. So public hearing of for an aluminum smelter whose raw material is planned to be drawn from sub judice Lanjigarh refinery is completely contingent on the orders of the Honourable Supreme Court on the Lanjigarh Alumina Refinery. By holding a public hearing on the aluminum smelter, the Orissa State Pollution Control Board is exceeding its brief and disrespecting the Honourable Supreme Court. Therefore, you are requested to kindly consider this public hearing on 9th December, 2005 null and void." 4. It is also the case of the first respondent that the appellant illegally started construction work for its proposed aluminum smelter plant at Brindamal, Jharsuguda, Orissa without obtaining the mandatory environmental clearance and, therefore, he again objected before the second respondent by his letter dated 5.6.2006; the receipt of the said communication is not denied by the second respondent. By its letter dated 8.2.2007, the second respondent directed the appellant to stop all construction activities till the appellant obtains environmental clearance from the MoEF. 5. The environmental clearance for the project was granted on 7.3.2007 and aggrieved by this, the first respondent filed an appeal before the Authority on 5.4.2007. The Authority, by an order dated 29.1.2008, dismissed his appeal stating that first respondent is not a "person aggrieved" under Section 11 of the Act. The relevant paragraphs of the impugned order are extracted hereunder: "6. The point for decision at this stage is whether he appellant is eligible to file the appeal in this case. The appellant has submitted that he has filed this appeal in his personal capacity as President of Lok Shakti Abhiyan, Orissa Unit. Let us see how the appellant qualifies to file this Appeal. 7. Section 11(1) of the NEAA Act, 1997 clearly prescribes two conditions for eliginilty of any person to file an appeal:- LPA 277/2009 Page 3 of 17 (a) He should be a person aggrieved by the environmental clearance order. (b) He should file appeal with stipulated time. 7.1 The term person, as defined under Section 11(2) of the NEAA Act, 1997, is shown below- (a) any person who is likely to be affected by the grant of Environmental Clearances; (b) any person who owns or has control over the project with respect to which an application has been submitted for environmental clearances; (c) any association of persons (whether incorporated or not) likely to be affected by such order and functioning in the field of environment ; (d) the Central Government, where the environmental clearance is granted by the State Government and the State Government where the environmental clearance has been granted by the Central Government; or (e) any local authority, any part of whose local limits is within the neighbourhood of the area wherein the project is proposed to be located. 7.2 In light of the above, the Appellant is not an aggrieved person under the clause (b), (c), (d) and (e) of Section 11(2) of the NEAA Act, 1997 narrowing down the scope to clause (a) of this Section. The Appellant has however sought to take advantage of clause (a) of this section by claiming that he is a social and environmental activist involved in the issues concerning the tribals as well as the environment. He submitted that he has filed this appeal as president of Lok Shakti Abhiyan. He and his group has been closely working among the affected communities of Brundamanl & Bhurkhamunda District, Jharsuguda, Orissa on the issues of development. 8. While his representations to the Orissa State Pollution Control Board and other on faulty Environmental Impact Assessment Report, postponement of Public Hearing and not attending the Public Hearing on personal reasons is not disputed, we could not find him affected in any manner so as to satisfy the criteria laid down for "person aggrieved" in the judgment of Supreme Court in the case of Thammanna V. K. Veera Reddy and Ors. as reported at para 16 of (1980) 4 Supreme Court Cases 62. 9. Having perused all the submissions and the documents filed by the Appellant, the Respondent, the Authority finds that the Appellant is not qualified to file this Appeal under clause (a) of the Section 11(2) of the NEAA, Act 1997. The Appeal is accordingly not admitted." 6. Aggrieved by the order of the Authority, the petitioner preferred a writ petition being CWP No. 3126/2008. The writ petition was allowed by S. Ravindra Bhat, J. by the order under appeal. S. Ravindra Bhat, J., on a detailed analysis of the scheme and LPA 277/2009 Page 4 of 17 provisions of the Act, came to the conclusion that first respondent has the locus standi to maintain an appeal before the Authority. The learned Judge observed: "16. ......the expression "person aggrieved" has to be given a panoptic import and be understood to include persons like the petitioner who display interest in social and environmental causes. This is established by the fact that his organization was closely following the issue of setting up of aluminum smelter plant during various stages of the project to the extent that it had, on two occasions objected to the holding of the „public hearing‟ and sent a detailed letter elucidating the objections and further when it learnt about alleged unauthorized construction at the project site, he wrote to the second respondent, which later directed the third respondent to stop such activities. 17. .....In the impugned order the Authority acknowledged that the petitioner had on several occasions in the past made representations before the Orissa State Pollution Control Board challenging the holding of public hearing and that the petitioner could not attend the hearing due to personal reasons. Public hearings, in such cases, are organized to elicit comments from the members of public before granting clearance to a project in order to assess the nature of environmental damage, if any, due to the likely execution of project and its impact on the rights of inhabitants and the persons who depend on that area for livelihood or otherwise. A person who participates in the public hearing, and thus in the process of decision-making, potentially becomes an aggrieved person if his grievances are not properly addressed. The petitioner, though not participating in the public hearing, had presented his detailed objections before the second respondent against the holding of public hearing on the ground of faulty environmental impact assessment report. At one stage, his representations were found substantial by the authorities. Denial of the right to appeal would also lead to a highly incongruous situation whereby someone like him, allowed to participate in the principal decision making process, is denied the right to question the findings of the primary decision maker, in the appellate proceedings." Consequently the impugned order of the Authority was quashed and the Authority was directed to entertain and dispose of the appeal of first respondent in accordance with law. 7. Dr. A.M. Singhvi, learned senior counsel appearing for the appellant, relying upon the decision in Thammanna V/s. K. Veera Reddy & Others, (1980) 4 SCC 62, emphasized that "a person aggrieved has to be a person with a legal grievance". He submitted that in the instant case, it is not even the contention of the first respondent that he is representing any local population which is affected by the project. The first respondent is not even a local resident of the area. His only contention is that he is working among the affected communities. It is nowhere his case that any of the affected LPA 277/2009 Page 5 of 17 persons either asked him to appear on their behalf or raised any grievance to him about the project. Dr. Singhvi further submitted that Section 11(1) only gives locus to a person aggrieved to file an appeal. According to him the predominant purpose of Section 11 is the quick redressal of public grievances. In order to prevent the delays, the Act has circumscribed the kind of person who can file an appeal against the environmental clearance. If the objective of the statute was to allow appeals by anyone then instead of the phrase "person aggrieved", the phrase "any person" would have been used. He submitted that a person not falling under the definition of „person aggrieved‟ under the Act can always approach the High Court by way of PIL under Article 226 of the Constitution of India or the Supreme Court under Article 32 of the Constitution of India. He also placed reliance on the decisions in Krishna Swami v. Union of India (1992) 4 SCC 605 and Regina v. Secretary of State For Environment, (1990) 2 WLR 187. 8. In reply, Mr. Sanjay Parekh, learned senior counsel appearing for the first respondent submitted that the question of locus of an individual in our country, as far as environment is concerned, rests in the public and constitutional law domain. Such public and constitutional right cannot be curtailed by any statutory enactment. Any action which affects the environment can be questioned by individual/individuals as a matter of right as well as duty. Mr. Parekh submitted that the decision of the Supreme Court in Thammanna V/s. K. Veera Reddy & Others (supra) relied upon by Dr. Singhvi has no application to the present case where the issues of environment have been raised. According to him, the expression "person" for the purpose of the Act is used in a wide manner and includes anyone likely to be affected by the grant of environment clearance. The use of the word „likely‟ in the Act, clearly establishes that there is no requirement to show a direct linkage between the activity proposed and the impact on the aggrieved person. He also referred to the Statement of Objects and Reasons of the Act which states that the necessity of setting up of National Environment Appellate Authority was due to Public Interest Litigations filed before the Supreme Court relating to environment and it was intended to provide quick redressal of public grievances, where the public could approach by means of petitions, complaints, representations or appeals. LPA 277/2009 Page 6 of 17 The submission of Mr. Parekh is that the first respondent is working in the area in question on the environmental issues and following up the issues of this project since beginning. The first respondent, though was not able to participate in the public hearing in person, but objections were sent by him to the project authorities and also to Pollution Control Board. Learned counsel further submitted that welfare statutes have to be interpreted in a manner which serves the interest of those whom they are intended to benefit. The protection of forests and the natural environment is a fundamental duty of every citizen under Article 51-A(g) of the Constitution. The Authority provides a forum for redressal of grievances on environmental issues and at the same time for those who are concerned about taking proactive measures to protect the environment. He submitted that it is settled law that courts should favour an interpretation that promotes the general purpose of an Act rather than one that does not. 9. Mr. Chandhiok, learned ASG appearing for the Ministry of Environment and Forest supported the interpretation of Section 11 by S. Ravindra Bhat, J. and also drew our attention to the decisions of the Supreme Court in Ghulam Qadir v. Special Tribunal & Others, (2002) 1 SCC 33 and N.D. Jayal v. Union of India & Ors., (2004) 9 SCC 362. 10. It is now well settled by a series of judgments of the Supreme Court that though the industrial development is of vital important to the country as it generates foreign exchange and provides employment avenues, it has no right to destroy the ecology, degrade the environment and pose as a health hazard. In Vellore Citizens' Welfare Forum v. Union of India, (1996) 5 SCC 647, the Supreme Court held that the traditional concept that development and ecology are opposed to each other is no longer acceptable. "Sustainable Development" is the answer. In the international sphere, "Sustainable Development" as a concept came to be known for the first time in Stockholm Declaration of 1972. Thereafter in 1987, the concept was given a definite shape by the World Commission on Environment and Development in its report called "Our Common Future" popularly known as "Brundtland Report". In 1991, the World Conservation Union, United Nations Environment Programme and World Wide Fund for Nature, LPA 277/2009 Page 7 of 17 jointly came out with a document called "Caring for the Earth" which is a strategy for sustainable living. Finally, came the Earth Summit held in June, 1992 at Rio where as many as 153 nations signed two conventions, one on biological diversity and another on climate change. The delegates also approved by consensus three non-binding documents, namely, a Statement on Forestry Principles, a declaration of Principles on Environmental Policy and Development Initiatives and Agenda 21, a programme of action into the next century in areas like poverty, population and pollution. The Supreme Court noted that some of the salient principles of "Sustainable Development", as culled-out from Brundtland Report and other international documents, are Inter-Generational Equity, Use and Conservation of Natural Resources, Environmental Protection, the Precautionary Principle, Polluter Pays Principle, Obligation to Assist and Cooperate, Eradication of Poverty and Financial Assistance to the developing countries. The Court noticed that Article 21 of the Constitution of India guarantees protection of life and personal liberty. The Court also noticed that Article 48A of the Constitution cast a duty on the State to protect and improve the environment and safeguard the forests and wild life of the country and Article 51A(g) of the Constitution spells out duty of citizens to protect and improve the environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life, and to have compassion for living creatures. The Court also noted that apart from the constitutional mandate to protect and improve the environment, there are plenty of post independence legislations on the subject, namely, The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974, The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 and the Environment Protection Act 1986. In view of the above mentioned constitutional and statutory provisions, the Court held that Precautionary Principle and the Polluter Pays Principle are part of the environmental law of the country. 10. In Indian Council for Enviro-Legal Action v. Union of India, (1996) 5 SCC 281, the Court noted that even though laws have been passed for the protection of environment, the enforcement of the same has been tardy, to say the least. Environment degradation is best protected by the people themselves. The following observations of the Court are relevant: LPA 277/2009 Page 8 of 17 "41. With rapid industrialisation taking place, there is an increasing threat to the maintenance of the ecological balance. The general public is becoming aware of the need to protect environment. Even though, laws have been passed for the protection of environment, the enforcement of the same has been tardy, to say the least. With the governmental authorities not showing any concern with the enforcement of the said Acts, and with the development taking place for personal gains at the expense of environment and with disregard to the mandatory provisions of law, some public spirited persons have been initiating public interest litigations. The legal position relating to the exercise of jurisdiction by the Courts for preventing environmental degradation and thereby, seeking to protect the fundamental rights of the citizens, is now well settled by various decisions of this Court. The primary effort of the Court, while dealing with the environmental related issues, is to see that the enforcement agencies, whether it be the State or any other authority, take effective steps for the enforcement of the laws. The Courts, in a way, act as the guardian of the people's fundamental rights but in regard to many technical matters, the Courts may not be fully equipped. Perforce, it has to rely on outside agencies for reports and recommendations whereupon orders have been passed from time to time. Even though, it is not the function of the Court to see the day to day enforcement of the law, that being the function of the Executive, but because of the non-functioning of the enforcement agencies, the Courts as of necessity have had to pass orders directing the enforcement agencies to implement the law. ....
....
....
47. With increasing threat to the environmental degradation taking place in different parts of the country, it may not be possible for any single authority to effectively control the same. Environmental degradation is best protected by the people themselves. In this connection, some of the non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and other environmentalists are doing singular service. Time has perhaps come when the Government can usefully draw upon the resources of such NGOs to help and assist in the implementation of the laws relating to protection of environment. Under Section 3 of the Act, the Central Government has the power to constitute one or more authorities for the purposes of exercising and performing such powers and functions, including the power to issue directions under Section 5 of the Act of the Central Government as may be delegated to them."
11. In Essar Oil Limited v. Halar Utkarsh Samiti & Others, (2004) 2 SCC 392, a two-Judges bench emphasizing the strong link between Article 21 and the right to know particularly about the environmental issues observed: LPA 277/2009 Page 9 of 17
"36. For this purpose the State Government must ask for and obtain an environmental impact report from expert bodies. The applicant must also come forward with an environmental management plan which must be cleared by the experts. To prevent possible future damage, the State Government must also be satisfied that the damage which may be caused is not irreversible and the applicant should be prepared and must sufficiently secure the cost of reversing any damage which might be caused. The State Government should also have in place the necessary infrastructure to maintain periodical surveys and enforce the stipulations subject to which the permit may be granted. In future the State Government should, before granting the approval, also call upon the applicant to publish its proposal so that public, particularly those who are likely to be affected, are made aware of the proposed action through the sanctuary or natural park. This will ensure transparency in the process and at least safeguard against a decision of the State Government based solely upon narrow political objectives. Besides the citizens who have been made responsible to protect the environment have a right to know. There is also a strong link between Article 21 and the right to know particularly where "secret Government decisions may affect health, life and livelihood". The role of voluntary organisations as protective watch-dogs to see that there is no unrestrained and unregulated development, cannot be over-emphasized. Voluntary organisations may of course be a front for competitive interests but they cannot alt be tarred with the same brush. Our jurisprudence is replete with instances where voluntary organisations have championed the cause of conservation and have been responsible for creating an awareness of the necessity to preserve the environment so that the earth as we know it and humanity may survive."
12. In N.D. Jayal v. Union of India (supra), the Court held:
24. The right to development cannot be treated as a mere right to economic betterment or cannot be limited to as a misnomer to simple construction activities. The right to development encompasses much more than economic well being, and includes within its definition the guarantee of fundamental human rights. The 'development' is not related only to the growth of GNP. In the classic work, Development As Freedom, the Nobel prize winner Amartya Sen pointed out that 'the issue of development cannot be separated from the conceptual framework of human right'. This idea is also part of the UN Declaration on the Right to Development. The right to development includes the whole spectrum of civil, cultural, economic, political and social process, for the improvement of peoples' well being and realization of their full potential. It is an integral part of human right. Of course, construction of a dam or a mega project is definitely an attempt to achieve the goal of wholesome development. Such works could very well be treated as integral component for development.
25. Therefore, the adherence to sustainable development principle is a sine qua non for the maintenance of the symbiotic balance between the rights to environment and development. Right to environment is a fundamental right. On the other hand, right to LPA 277/2009 Page 10 of 17 development is also one. Here the right to 'sustainable development' cannot be singled out. Therefore, the concept of 'sustainable development' is to be treated as an integral part of 'life' under Article 21. Weighty concepts like inter-generational equity (State of HP v. Ganesh Wood Products), public trust doctrine (M.C. Mehta v. Kamal Nath) and precautionary principle (Vellore Citizens), which we declared as inseparable ingredients of our environmental jurisprudence, could only be nurtured by ensuring sustainable development.
26. To ensure sustainable development is one of the goals of Environmental (Protection) Act, 1986 (for short "the Act") and this is quite necessary to guarantee "right to life" under Article 21. If the Act is not armed with the powers to ensure sustainable development, it will become a barren shell. In other words, sustainable development is one of the means to achieve the object and purpose of the Act as well as the protection of 'life' under Article 21. Acknowledgment of this principle will breath new life into our environmental jurisprudence and constitutional resolve. Sustainable development could be achieved only by strict compliance with the directions under the Act. The object and purpose of the Act: "to provide for the protection and improvement of environment" could only be achieved by ensuring the strict compliance with its directions. The authorities concerned by exercising their powers under the Act will have to ensure the acquiescence of sustainable development. Therefore, the directions or conditions put forward by the Act need to be strictly complied with. Thus the power under the Act cannot be treated as a power simpliciter, but it is a power coupled with duty. It is the duty of the State to make sure the fulfillment of conditions or direction under the Act. Without strict compliance, right to environment under Article 21 could not be guaranteed and the purpose of the Act will also be defeated. The commitment to the conditions thereof is an obligation both under Article 21 and under the Act......"
13. Keeping in view these well settled principles, we may now proceed to examine the provisions of the Act. The Act in question is a remedial and also beneficial statute. It is clear from the scheme of the Statement of Objects and Reasons to the Act appended to the Bill. It states as under:
"Clause (v) of sub-section (2) of section 3 of the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986 empowers the Central Government to impose restrictions in the areas in which any industries, operations or class of industries, operations or processes shall not be carried out or shall be carried out subject to certain safeguards. In view of recent pronouncements by the Supreme Court in certain public interest litigation cases involving environmental issues, it was considered necessary to set up an independent body for quick redressal of public grievances. Consequently, an Ordinance was promulgated providing for the establishment of a National Environment Appellate Authority to deal with writ petitions, complaints, representations or appeals against the grant of environmental clearance to projects."LPA 277/2009 Page 11 of 17
14. Section 11 of the Act, which is material for the purpose of this appeal, is reproduced hereinbelow:
"11. (1) Any person aggrieved by an order granting environmental clearance in the areas in which any industries, operations or processes or class of industries, operations and processes shall not be carried out or shall be carried out subject to certain safeguards may, within thirty days from the date of such order, prefer an appeal to the Authority in such form as may be prescribed:
Provided that the Authority may entertain any appeal after the expiry of the said period of thirty days but not after ninety days from the date aforesaid if it is satisfied that the appellant was prevented by sufficient cause from filing the appeal in time.
(2) For the purposes of sub-section (1), "person" means-
(a) any person who is likely to be affected by the grant of environmental clearance;
(b) any person who owns or has control over the project with respect to which an application has been submitted for environmental clearance;
(c) any association of persons (whether incorporated or not) likely to be affected by such order and functioning in the field of environment;
(d) the Central Government, where the environmental clearance is granted by the State Government and the State Government, where the environmental clearance is granted by the Central Government; or
(e) any local authority, any part of whose local limits is within the neighbourhood of the area wherein the project is proposed to be located."
15. On a plain reading of Section 11, it is seen that any person aggrieved by an order granting environmental clearance has a right to prefer an appeal to the Authority and the definition of „person‟ as contained in sub-section (2) of Section 11 at Clause (a) thereto provides that any person who is likely to be affected by the grant of environmental clearance has an undoubted locus standi to file an appeal. Section 11(2)(c) is worded differently and is wider in scope than sub-clause (a). Sub-clause (c) speaks of "association of persons" (whether incorporated or not) who are likely to be affected by the impugned action and who work in the field of environment. In other words, sub-clause (a) talks of those who are affected or are likely to be affected and the emphasis is on the impact on an individual, though the sub-clause does not rule out more than one person likely to be affected who are actually aggrieved. In contrast, sub-clause (c) refers LPA 277/2009 Page 12 of 17 to an association of persons, particularly an incorporated one. Such association of persons, particularly an incorporated association, cannot be said to be affected in the manner traditionally understood. Moreover, in environmental cases the damage is not necessarily confined to the local area where the industry is set up. The effect of environmental pollution or environmental degradation might have far-reaching effects going beyond the local area and might have national or global effects. For example, the destruction of forests is said to be one of the causes leading to global warming.
Therefore, the aggrieved person need not be resident of the local area. Such an interpretation would also result in defeating the very objective of this enactment in terms of access to justice. As per the learned single Judge:
"....India, even today, lives largely in its villages. A project or scheme, which is likely to affect or impact a remote community, that may comprise even a cluster of villages, may or may not have an "association of persons" who work in the field of environment. The villagers, like most others, are unlikely to know about the project clearance, or possess the wherewithal to question it, through an appeal. If the third respondent‟s contention, and the authority‟s impugned order were to be accepted, and upheld, such community‟s right to appeal, meaningfully, would be rendered a chimera, an illusion. In their case, the Act would be a cruel joke, paying lip service, while promising access to justice, but in reality depriving such a right....."
16. The expression "aggrieved person" denotes an elastic, and, to an extent, an elusive concept. Its scope and meaning depends on diverse, variable factors such as the content and intent of the statute of which contravention is alleged (See J.M. Desai v. Roshan Kumar, AIR 1976 SC 578). In Bar Council of Maharashtra v. M.V. Dabholkar & Ors., (1975) 2 SCC 702, the Court held that the words "person aggrieved" are found in several statutes and the meaning will have to be ascertained with reference to the purpose and the provisions of the statute. It has been noticed in Ghulam Qadir v. Special Tribunal & Others, (supra) that the orthodox rule of interpretation regarding the locus standi of a person to reach the court has undergone a sea change and the constitutional courts have been adopting a liberal approach in dealing with the cases or the claims of litigants cannot be dislodged merely on hypertechnical grounds. In S.P. Gupta v. Union of India, 1981 (Supp) SCC 87, the Constitution Bench held: LPA 277/2009 Page 13 of 17
"20. Now, as pointed out by Cappellatti in Volume III of his classic work on "Access to Justice" at page 520, "The traditional doctrine of standing (legitimatio ad causam) attributes the right to sue either to the private individual who 'holds' the right which is in need of judicial protection or in case of public rights, to the State itself, which sues in courts through its organs". The principle underlying the traditional rule of standing is that only the holder of the right can sue and it is therefore, held in many jurisdictions that since the State representing the public is the holder of the public rights, it alone can sue for redress of public injury or vindication of public interest. It is on this principle that in the United Kingdom, the Attorney-General is entrusted with the function of enforcing due observance of the law. The Attorney-General represents the public interest in its entirety and as pointed out by S.A. de Smith in "Judicial Review of Administrative Action" (Third edition) at page 403; "the general public has an interest in seeing that the law is obeyed and for this purpose, the Attorney General represents the public." There is, therefore, a machinery in the United Kingdom for judicial redress for public injury and protection of social, collective, what Cappellatti calls 'diffuse' rights and interests. We have no such machinery here. We have undoubtedly an Attorney General as also Advocates General in the States, but they do not represent the public interest generally. They do so in a very limited field; see Sections 91 and 92 of the Civil Procedure Code, But, even if we had a provision empowering the Attorney General or the Advocate General to take action for vindicating public interest, I doubt very much whether it would be effective. The Attorney General or the Advocate General would be too dependent upon the political branches of Government to act as an advocate against abuses which are frequently generated at least tolerated by political and administrative bodies. Be that as it may, the fact remains that we have no such institution in our country and we have therefore to liberalise the rule of standing in order to provide judicial redress for public injury arising from breach of public duty or from other violation of the Constitution or the law. If public duties are to be enforced and social collective 'diffused' rights and interests are to be protected, we have to utilise the initiative and zeal of public-minded persons and organisations by allowing them to move the court and act for a general or group interest, even though they may not be directly injured in their own rights. It is for this reason that in public interest litigation -- litigation undertaken for the purpose of redressing public injury, enforcing public duty, protecting social, collective, 'diffused' rights and interests or vindicating public interest, any citizen who is acting bona fide and who has sufficient interest has to be accorded standing. What is sufficient interest to give standing to a member of the public would have to be determined by the Court in each individual case. It is not possible for the Court to lay down any hard and fast rule or any strait-jacket formula for the purpose of defining or delimiting 'sufficient interest', It has necessarily to be left to the discretion of the Court. The reason is that in a modern complex society which is seeking to bring about transformation of its social and economic structure and trying to reach social justice to the vulnerable sections of the people by creating new social, collective 'diffuse' rights and interests and imposing new public duties on the State and other public authorities, infinite number of situations are bound to arise which cannot be imprisoned in a rigid mould or a procrustean formula. The Judge who has the correct social LPA 277/2009 Page 14 of 17 perspective and who is on the same wavelength as the Constitution will be able to decide, without any difficulty and in consonance with the constitutional objectives, whether a member of the public moving the court in a particular case has sufficient interest to initiate the action.
17. In Municipal Council, Ratlam v. Shri Vardichan & Ors., (1980) 4 SCC 162, Krishna Iyer, J. quoted with approval the following passage from Access to Justice by Cappelletti and B. Garth which reads thus:
"The recognition of this urgent need reflects a fundamental change in the concept of "procedural justice".... The new attitude to procedural justice reflects what Professor Adolf Homburger has called "a radical change in the hierarchy of values served by civil procedure"; the paramount concern is increasingly with "social justice," i.e., with finding procedures which are conducive to the pursuit and protection of the rights of ordinary people. While the implications of this change are dramatic-for instance, insofar as the role of the adjudicator is concerned-it is worth emphasizing at the outset that the core values of the more traditional procedural justice must be retained. "Access to justice" must encompass both forms of procedural justice."
18. In M.C. Mehta (II) v. Union of India, (1988) 1 SCC 471, the Court observed:
"16. .....The petitioner in the case before us is no doubt not a riparian owner. He is a person interested in protecting the lives of the people who make use of the water flowing in the river Ganga and his right to maintain the petition cannot be disputed. The nuisance caused by the pollution of the river Ganga is a public nuisance, which is wide spread in range and indiscriminate in its effect and it would not be reasonable to expect any particular person to take proceedings to stop it as distinct from the community at large. The petition has been entertained as a Public Interest Litigation. On the facts and in the circumstances of the case we are of the view that the petitioner is entitled to move this Court in order to enforce the statutory provisions which impose duties on the municipal authorities and the Board constituted under the Water Act...."
19. It is well settled that in construing remedial statute the courts ought to give to it widest operation which its language will permit. The words of such a statute must be so construed as to give the most complete remedy which the phraseology will permit, so as to secure that the relief contemplated by the statute shall not be denied to the class intended to be relieved. The statute being remedial in nature is given liberal construction to promote the beneficient object behind it. In Workman of American Express International Banking Corporation v. Management of American Express LPA 277/2009 Page 15 of 17 International Banking Corporation, (1985) 4 SCC 71, O. Chinnappa Reddy, J, speaking for the Court observed:
"The principles of statutory construction are well settled. Words occurring in statutes of liberal import such as social welfare legislation and 'Human Rights' legislation are not to be put in Procrustean beds or shrunk to Liliputian dimensions. In construing these legislations the imposture of literal construction must be avoided and the prodigality of its mis-application must be recognised and reduced. Judges ought to be more concerned with the 'colour', the 'content' and the 'context' of such statutes (we have borrowed the words from Lord Wilberforce's opinion in Prenn v. Simmonds). In the same opinion Lord Wilberforce pointed out that law is not to be left behind in some island of literal interpretation but is to enquire beyond the language, un-isolated from the matrix of facts in which they are set; the law is not to be interpreted purely on internal linguistic considerations. In one of the cases cited before us, that is, Surendra Kumar Verma v. Central Government Industrial Tribunal cum-Labour Court, we had occasion to say, "Semantic luxuries are misplaced in the interpretation of "bread and butter" statutes. Welfare statutes must, of necessity, receive a broad interpretation. Where legislation is designed to give relief against certain kinds of mischief, the Court is not to make inroads by making etymological excursions".
20. Insofar as the present case is concerned, it is seen that even in the impugned order, the Authority acknowledged that the first respondent had on several occasions in the past made representations before the Orissa Pollution Control Board challenging the holding of public hearing and that he could not attend the hearing due to personal reasons. The first respondent, though not participating in the public hearing, had presented his detailed objections before the Pollution Control Board against the holding of public hearing on the ground of faulty environmental impact assessment report. At one stage, his representations were found substantial by the authorities.
21. The organization of the first respondent is working in the area in question and has been closely following the issue of setting up of aluminium smelter plant. During various stages of the project it had complained to the second respondent about the alleged unauthorized construction at the project site, which later directed the appellant to stop such activities. In the circumstances it is not right to say that the first respondent is not an aggrieved person within the meaning of Section 11 of the Act. Denial of the right to appeal would virtually defeat the legislative intention of granting access to the expert LPA 277/2009 Page 16 of 17 appellate authority in the matter of grant of EIA. In our opinion, the appeal is devoid of any substance and the same is hereby dismissed with costs quantified at Rs.25,000/-.
CHIEF JUSTICE MANMOHAN, J SEPTEMBER 14, 2009 pk LPA 277/2009 Page 17 of 17


PERF\-BENCH
Section: Misc. Reference Manual Pages (1)Updated: 10/16/2012
Index Return to Main Contents
NAME
perf-bench - General framework for benchmark suitesSYNOPSIS
perf bench [<common options>] <subsystem> <suite> [<options>]
DESCRIPTION
This perf bench command is general framework for benchmark suites.
COMMON OPTIONS
-f, --format=
- Specify format style. Current available format styles are:
default
- Default style. This is mainly for human reading.
-
.ft C % perf bench sched pipe # with no style specified (executing 1000000 pipe operations between two tasks) Total time:5.855 sec 5.855061 usecs/op 170792 ops/sec .ft
simple
- This simple style is friendly for automated processing by scripts.
-
.ft C % perf bench --format=simple sched pipe # specified simple 5.988 .ft
SUBSYSTEM
sched
- Scheduler and IPC mechanisms.
SUITES FOR sched
messaging
- Suite for evaluating performance of scheduler and IPC mechanisms. Based on hackbench by Rusty Russell.
-p, --pipe
-t, --thread
-g, --group=
-l, --loop=
Options of pipe
.ft C % perf bench sched messaging # run with default options (20 sender and receiver processes per group) (10 groups == 400 processes run) Total time:0.308 sec % perf bench sched messaging -t -g 20 # be multi-thread, with 20 groups (20 sender and receiver threads per group) (20 groups == 800 threads run) Total time:0.582 sec .ft
pipe
- Suite for pipe() system call. Based on pipe-test-1m.c by Ingo Molnar.
-l, --loop=
Options of pipe
.ft C % perf bench sched pipe (executing 1000000 pipe operations between two tasks) Total time:8.091 sec 8.091833 usecs/op 123581 ops/sec % perf bench sched pipe -l 1000 # loop 1000 (executing 1000 pipe operations between two tasks) Total time:0.016 sec 16.948000 usecs/op 59004 ops/sec .ft
SEE ALSO
perf(1)
Index
This document was created by man2html, using the manual pages.
Time: 05:29:07 GMT, December 24, 2015


See: Description
| Class | Description |
|---|---|
| Driver |
Scriptella Adapter for Microsoft SQL Server database JDBC driver.
|
See Overview of JDBC package for a description of common features and connection properties.
Note: The driver tries to load any available JDBC driver for Microsoft SQL Server. It supports both Microsoft and JTDS JDBC drivers.
| Driver class: | scriptella.driver.mssql.Driver |
| URL: | The same as used by the underlying JDBC driver |
| Runtime dependencies: | Any driver from the following list:
|
| Name | Description | Required |
|---|
<connection id="c1" driver="mssql" url="jdbc:sqlserver://localhost;database=test" user="username" password="password">
</connection>
<connection id="c2" driver="mssql" url="jdbc:jtds:sqlserver://host/test" user="username" password="password">
</connection>
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MEET JOE BLACK
*** (out of 4)
Release Date: November 13, 1998 Starring: Anthony Hopkins, Brad Pitt, Claire Forlani, Jake Weber, Marcia Gay Harden, Jeffrey Tambor Directed by: Martin Brest Distributed by: Universal Pictures MPAA Rating: PG-13 (an accident scene, some sexuality, brief strong language) URL: http://www.execpc.com/~kinnopio/reviews/1998/meetjoe.htm
There's a way of bringing romance to the screen without tipping your hand. Successfully, a romantic picture will have finesse rather than power, and style rather than substance. It will also have a chemistry between lead roles that is thick and palpable -- nobody wants to watch a pair of deadbeats fall in love. The script will be skillfully drawn out, with devotion to both realism and fantasy, and it will have at least one important thematic element to deliver. This definition is just as well the description of Martin Brest's latest film, MEET JOE BLACK, an inspiring drama about life and death and the love that falls within.
Director Brest made the original BEVERLY HILLS COP, but hasn't directed a feature since 1992's SCENT OF A WOMAN. He makes a fine return here in masterfully helming a picture that runs nearly three hours in length - never an easy task. The script he's given to work with isn't fantastic in terms of extensibility, for it does not spread itself out over the three hours. There are moments when it proceeds at an interminable pace, making sixty-second conversations into five- or ten-minute affairs. Brest takes advantage of the script's shortcomings, however, by styling the movie around them -- and thus MEET JOE BLACK ends up having a thoughtful air about it. The audience definitely ponders the same questions that the characters do.
The cast does their best to highlight the plot, and the names involved are certainly worthy of note. Anthony Hopkins has the main character but in an interesting shift of dynamic, he's relegated to a supporting role as Brad Pitt takes center stage. Pitt plays Death, in the body of Joe Black, a young man killed in a car crash at the movie's open. And so Death visits successful communications exec Bill Parrish (Hopkins) to let him know that his time is up -- but before they travel to the next world, Death wants Parrish to show him around Earth a bit. And so Death's vacation becomes a life experience as he learns what the human way is like; the crux of the trip, however, is the love that begins to grow between Death and Parrish's daughter Susan (Claire Forlani). So when Bill's time is up, it becomes a pivotal point in time for all three characters.
The acting corps does a fine job all around. Hopkins is the highlight, delivering many spectacular lines in fine form (although he does wax a bit poetic too early on). He lends a sense of robust energy to his character that sharply contrasts the appropriate lack of emotion in Pitt's Death. But the grounding factor in the movie is Claire Forlani, who gives an excellent turn as the daughter of one character and the love interest of another. She lends a passive sensuality to the movie that strengthens the romance as well as the life story of Bill Parrish, and the movie is certainly greater because of her. The other supports are in fine form as well, from Jake Weber's bad guy to Jeffrey Tambor's comic relief. All in all this becomes a very inspiring and thoughtful movie to watch, and it's questionable only for its three-hour length. Compared to other films of such length, like the recent BELOVED, MEET JOE BLACK is definitely worth the price of the ticket.
-- Craig Roush<EMAIL_ADDRESS>-- Kinnopio's Movie Reviews http://www.execpc.com/~kinnopio
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