#include "pal_macros.h"
#include "pal_types.h"
Go to the source code of this file.
|
| enum | _palImagePlatformData_t { PAL_IMAGE_DATA_FIRST = 0,
PAL_IMAGE_DATA_HASH = PAL_IMAGE_DATA_FIRST,
PAL_IMAGE_DATA_LAST
} |
| |
| enum | _palImageEvents_t {
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_FIRST = -1,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_ERROR = PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_FIRST,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_INIT,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_PREPARE,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_WRITE,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_FINALIZE,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_READTOBUFFER,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_ACTIVATE,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_GETACTIVEHASH,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_GETACTIVEVERSION,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_WRITEDATATOMEMORY,
PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_LAST
} |
| |
| Enumerator |
|---|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_FIRST |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_ERROR |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_INIT |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_PREPARE |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_WRITE |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_FINALIZE |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_READTOBUFFER |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_ACTIVATE |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_GETACTIVEHASH |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_GETACTIVEVERSION |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_WRITEDATATOMEMORY |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_EVENT_LAST |
|
| Enumerator |
|---|
| PAL_IMAGE_DATA_FIRST |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_DATA_HASH |
|
| PAL_IMAGE_DATA_LAST |
|
Sets image imageId to be the active image (after device reset). the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
clearing all the resources used by the pal_update APIs
- Returns
- the function returns the status in the form of palStatus_t which will be PAL_SUCCESS(0) in case of success and another negative value indicating a specific error code in case of failure
Flushes the image data and sets the version of imageId to imageVersion. the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
| [in] | imageId | the image id |
| [in] | imageVersion | a struct containing the version as a buffer and the size |
- Returns
- the function returns the status in the form of palStatus_t which will be PAL_SUCCESS(0) in case of success and another negative value indicating a specific error code in case of failure
Retrieve the hash value of the active image to hash buffer with max size hash maxBufferLength and sets to hash bufferLength to the hash size. the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
| [out] | hash | struct containing the hash and actual size of hash read |
Retrieve the version of the active image to version buffer with size set to version bufferLength. the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
| [out] | version | struct containing the version and actual size of version read |
Verifies whether image imageId is readable and sets imagePtr to point to the beginning of start of the image in the memory and imageSizeInBytes to the image size. In case of failure sets imagePtr to NULL and returns relevant palStatus_t error
- Parameters
-
| [in] | imageId | the image id |
| [out] | imagePtr | pointer to the start of the image |
| [out] | imageSizeInBytes | the size of the image |
- Returns
- the function returns the status in the form of palStatus_t which will be PAL_SUCCESS(0) in case of success and another negative value indicating a specific error code in case of failure
setting the callback function that will be called before the end of each API (except imageGetDirectMemAccess)
WARNING: please do not change this function! this function loads a call back function received from the upper layer (service). the call back should be called at the end of each function (except pal_plat_imageGetDirectMemAccess) the call back receives the event type that just happened defined by the ENUM palImageEvents_t.
if you will not call the call back at the end the service behaver will be undefined the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
| [in] | CBfunction | pointer to the call back function |
- Returns
- the function returns the status in the form of palStatus_t which will be PAL_SUCCESS(0) in case of success and another negative value indicating a specific error code in case of failure
Prepare to write image with id imageId and size imageSize in suitable memory region (Space availability will be verified and reserved). the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
| [in] | imageId | the image id |
| [in] | imageSize | the size of the image |
- Returns
- the function returns the status in the form of palStatus_t which will be PAL_SUCCESS(0) in case of success and another negative value indicating a specific error code in case of failure
Reads max of chunk maxBufferLength bytes from image imageId with relative offset offset and stores it in chunk buffer. And sets chunk bufferLength value to the actual number of bytes read. Note: Please use this API in case image is not directly accessible via imageGetDirectMemAccess function.
the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
| [in] | imageId | the image id |
| [in] | offset | offset to start read from |
| [out] | chunk | struct containing the data and actual bytes read |
Writes the data in chunk buffer with size chunk bufferLength in the location of imageId adding the relative offset. the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
| [in] | imageId | the image id |
| [in] | offset | the offset to write the data into |
| [in] | pointer | to struct containing the data and the data length to write |
- Returns
- the function returns the status in the form of palStatus_t which will be PAL_SUCCESS(0) in case of success and another negative value indicating a specific error code in case of failure
Writing the data of dataId stored in dataBuffer to memory accessible to bootloader. Currently only has is available. the function must call g_palUpdateServiceCBfunc before after finished
- Parameters
-
| [in] | dataId | one of the members of palImagePlatformData_t enum |
| [in] | dataBuffer | struct containing the data and actual bytes to be written |


Spoooky.Blueprints = {
/**
* Blueprints for the game of nine mens morris
*/
NINEMENSMORRIS : {
entities : {
white: {
entityType : "White",
typeID : "W",
representation : { type : "image", texture : "assets/white.png" },
mode : "PLACE",
placeTo : "ANY",
// Move to connected fields if player has got more than 3 entities
moves : [{
name : "Move to connected field",
type : "By Connected Field IDs",
conditions : [
{ condition : "Is Empty", state : true },
{ condition : "Player Owns > n Entities",
playerID : 0, // Player ID has been set in game.js
value : 3,
state : true }]
}, {
name : "Jump",
type : "Jump To Free Field",
conditions : [{
condition : "Player Owns n Entities",
playerID : 0,
value : 3,
state : true }]
}]
},
black: {
entityType : "Black",
typeID : "B",
representation : { type : "image", texture : "assets/black.png" },
mode : "PLACE",
placeTo : "ANY",
// Moves are getting automatically enabled when player is in mode "MOVING"
// Move to connected fields if player has got more than 3 entities
moves : [{
name : "Move to connected field",
type : "By Connected Field IDs",
conditions : [
{ condition : "Is Empty", state : true },
{ condition : "Player Owns > n Entities",
playerID : 1,
value : 3,
state : true }]
}, {
name : "Jump",
type : "Jump To Free Field",
conditions : [{
condition : "Player Owns n Entities",
playerID : 1,
value : 3,
state : true }]
}]
}
}
}
};


(function () {
(function () {
consoleProxy
: a clone of the standard console
object (only used to shorten the script by using c
instead of console
, here we could directly access the console
object)
var consoleProxy = console,
i
: A simple iterator for the loop
i = 3,
schemes
: a 2-dimensional array to hold the respective identifiers & colors.
schemes = [
["e", "s", "i"],
["#c0392b", "#2ecc71", "#1abc9c"]
];
loop: Loop from i
to 0
For each identifier in the first inner-array of the schemes
variable, we create a new property of the console object
while(i--) consoleProxy[schemes[0][i]] = f(i);
function f(j) {
return function(m) {
Put the pieces together, apply the CSS rules, and match the corresponding color in the second inner-array of the schemes
variable
consoleProxy.log('%c' + m, 'color:#ecf0f1;background:' + schemes[1][j])
};
}
})();


Go Warriors!
Click the player's image to view stats!
Stephen Curry
Klay Thompson
Harrison Barnes
Andre Iguodala
Draymond Green
Season Stats
POS
YRS
PTS
FG%
FT%
3PT
REB
AST
STL
BLK
TO


We have a 1000 square foot space that is perfect for 5 person gatherings to 100 person meetups. We are welcoming of all and would love to work with you to make your events perfect!


Provide; shifting landscape reduce carbon emissions human potential sustainability Jane Addams solve. Global network; care Rockefeller, vaccines equal opportunity human being.
Provide; shifting landscape reduce carbon emissions human potential sustainability Jane Addams solve. Global network; care Rockefeller, vaccines equal opportunity human being.
Provide; shifting landscape reduce carbon emissions human potential sustainability Jane Addams solve. Global network; care Rockefeller, vaccines equal opportunity human being.
Unify creative technology company providing key digital services.
Focused on helping our clients to build a successful business on web and mobile.
Unify creative technology company providing key digital services and focused on helping our clients to build a successful business on web and mobile.
Unify has reached 10000 plus sales and we just want to thank you to our all customers for being part of the Unify Template success http://bit.ly/1c0UN3Y
3 min ago via @htmlstream
@htmlstream jQuery lightGallery - Lightweight jQuery lightbox gallery for displaying image and video gallery http://sachinchoolur.github.io/lightGallery #javascript
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30 min ago via @wrapbootstrapWe do things differently company providing key digital services.
Focused on helping our clients to build a successful business on web and mobile.
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Jane Wearne Technical DireectorWe meet and get to know you. You tell us and we listen.
We build your website to realise your vision and we deliver the ready product.
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's
Lorem Ipsum is simply dummy text of the printing and typesetting industry. Lorem Ipsum has been the industry's
We meet and get to know you. You tell us and we listen.
We build your website to realise your vision and we deliver the ready product.
We do things differently company providing key digital services.
Focused on helping our clients to build a successful business on web and mobile.
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We do things differently company providing key digital services.
Focused on helping our clients to build a successful business on web and mobile.
28 Jun
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07 Jun
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We do things differently company providing key digital services.
Focused on helping our clients to build a successful business on web and mobile.
Want to get more information? Contact us by using the form or call directly for more info.
221B Baker Street, London, United Kingdom
+ 1<PHONE_NUMBER>


Chef Cook
Chefs prepare, cook and present food.
1. How to become a chef
You don’t need formal qualifications to become a chef, but GCSEs in English and maths may help.
One route into the job is to take a college course, like a Level 2 or 3 Diploma in Professional Cookery. Search for courses in professional cookery in your area.
You may be able to get financial help to do a course
Apprenticeship
If you don’t want to study full time, you could start work as a kitchen assistant or trainee (commis) chef and work your way up, learning on the job.
Another way to learn while you work is to become an apprentice chef.
Voluntary and work experience
If you have no experience, you could volunteer as a chef or a cook.
You could do on-the-job training, starting as a kitchen assistant or trainee (commis) chef.
The Hospitality Guild has more information about training as a chef and a list of jobs available.
2. Skills
You'll need:
- organisational and time management skills
- excellent communication and number skills
- the ability to stay calm under pressure
3. What you'll do
You could work in hotels, restaurants, pubs, schools, colleges, cruise ships, the NHS or the armed forces.
In a small kitchen you may be a general chef. In a large kitchen you may be a specialist chef, in charge of one area like pastry, fish or vegetables, working under a head chef.
Your day-to-day tasks will vary with your role, but may include:
- preparing attractive menus to nutritional standards
- controlling and ordering stock and inspecting it on delivery
- gutting and preparing animals and fish for cooking
- scraping and washing large quantities of vegetables and salads
- cooking and presenting food creatively
- monitoring production to maintain quality and consistent portion sizes
- working under pressure to make sure food is served on time
- keeping to hygiene, health and safety and licensing rules
You’ll need knowledge of allergens, nutrition and diets.
4. Salary
Starter: £13,000 (trainee chef)
Experienced: £18,000 to £25,000 (section chef)
Highly Experienced: £30,000 to £50,000 (head chef)
These figures are a guide.
5. Working hours, patterns and environment
Your working day may start in the early morning or continue late at night. You may work weekends and public holidays. You could get seasonal work.
Kitchens are hot, humid and busy and the job is physically demanding.
You'll usually wear chef whites and a hat.
You may need a driving licence if you work unsocial hours or in a remote location.
6. Career path and progression
With experience, you could progress to section chef (station chef) and look after a particular area like desserts. The next step is sous chef, running an entire kitchen when the head chef is busy.
As head chef (also known as chef de cuisine), you'll run a kitchen, create menus and manage the budget.
You could move into the business side by taking a foundation degree or degree in hospitality management.
Very large establishments have executive chefs, usually in charge of multiple outlets. This is a management role and you would do very little cooking.
Another option is to train as a teacher or assessor working for a college or training provider.
Related careers
You may be interested in:
7. Current opportunities
Apprenticeships
Apprentice Chef
- Weekly wage: £140
- Weekly hours: 25
Apprentice Chef
- Weekly wage: £138.75
- Weekly hours: 25
Training courses
Professional Cookery (Pastry) Level 2
- Provider: Bedford College
- Start date: 01 August 2016
Professional Cookery Level 3
- Provider: Bedford College
- Start date: 01 August 2016
Last updated: 23 March 2016


Heru Nurwarsito Col (Ret) David Wong. OCBC Bank Singapore. www.ocbc.com PRIVATE AND URGENT. I am contacting you on a business transfer of a hugh sum of money from a deceased account. Though I know that a transaction of this magnitude will make any one apprehensive and sceptical, but I am assuring you that its been accurately planned and will be carried out successfully with your full cooperation as long as you follow our plans and instructions religiously. We decided to contact you due to the urgency of this transaction. PROPOSITION; We discovered an abandoned sum of US$25,500,000.00 ( twenty million five hundred thousand united states dollars) in an account that belongs to one of our foreign customers who died along with his entire family. Since his death, none of his next-of-kin or relations has come forward to lay claims for this money as the heir. We cannot release the fund from his account unless someone applies for claim as the next-of-kin to the deceased as indicated in our banking guidelines. Upon this discovery, we now seek your permission to have you stand as a next of kin to the deceased as all documentations will be carefully worked out by us for the funds (US$25,500,000.00) to be released in your favour as the beneficiary's next of kin through my banks funds managers/clearing house overseas. It may interest you to know that we have secured from the probate an order of madamus to locate any of deceased beneficiaries. Please acknowledge receipt of this message in acceptance of our mutual business endeavour by furnishing me with the following; 1. Beneficiary Name and Address. 2. Direct Telephone and fax numbers. These requirements will enable us file letter of claim to the appropriate departments for necessary approvals in your favour before the transfer can be made. We shall be compensating you with two million dollars on final conclusion of this project, while the rest shall be for us. Your share stays while the rest shall be for us for investment purposes. If this proposal is acceptable by you, do not take undue advantage of the trust we have bestowed in you,please contact me directly as i await your urgent mail. Regards, Heru. Col. Wong


Birth: 12 July 1997 (age 20) Mingora, Swat, Pakistan
Occupation: Activist for female education Recent Awards:
Malala Yousafzai is a Pakistani education advocate who, at the age of 17, became the youngest person to win the Nobel Peace Prize after surviving an assassination attempt by the Taliban. Born on July 12, 1997, Yousafzai became an advocate for girls' education when she herself was still a child, which resulted in the Taliban issuing a death threat against her. On October 9, 2012, a gunman shot Malala when she was traveling home from school. She survived and has continued to speak out on the importance of education. In 2013, she gave a speech to the United Nations and published her first book, I Am Malala. In 2014, she won the Nobel Peace Prize.
Nine months after being shot by the Taliban, Malala Yousafzai gave a speech at the United Nations on her 16th birthday in 2013. Yousafzai highlighted her focus on education and women's rights, urging world leaders to change their policies. Yousafzai said that following the attack,
the terrorists thought that they would change our aims and stop our ambitions, but nothing changed in my life except this: weakness, fear and hopelessness died. Strength, power and courage were born.
She also urged action against illiteracy, poverty and terrorism:
The extremists were, and they are, afraid of books and pens. The power of education frightens them. They are afraid of women... Let us pick up our books and pens. They are our most powerful weapons.This is just a small part of what Malala Yousafzai has done to learn more click here


--- layout: post title: Lucene Utilities date: type: post parent_id: '0' published: false password: '' status: draft categories: [] tags: - ".NET" - C# - Lucene - utilitiy meta: dsq_thread_id: '878115048' _syntaxhighlighter_encoded: '1' _edit_last: '1' _su_title: '' author: login: akropp email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: akropp first_name: '' last_name: '' permalink: "/" ---
Lucene is a high-performance scaleable search engine library that is a wonderful solution when you are faced with the problem of storing and searching large amounts of text based data. Storing data in Lucene is easy: all you need to do is say where you want to store your database and start creating "documents" which represent a set of data. On that document you can then set fields (aka records) which have a name and a value and then add the document to the engine. We are using Lucene.net in the following post, so if you aren't familiar with Lucene it is worth perusing some Lucene.net tutorials before continuing.
We are using Lucene to quickly search through tons of log files that we have. There's no way anyone wants to search through over 100 GB of log files, so we decided it was necessary to parse each log and dump the entries into Lucene.
A document in our case is a line in a log corresponding to an atomic entry. Each of the fields is a piece of metadata on the log: log time, log text, log type, the location on disk of where this log file is, etc. In general, inserting and querying out of Lucene is easy but you have to build out a document object that represents your data to give to Lucene to add. We wanted to generalize the logic of working with Lucene so that we could easily add and edit fields for our documents and to be able to reuse the Lucene query/insert logic with different document types. This way if we wanted to have different Lucene indexes for different data types we could reuse all our code without having to ever manually construct a document.
In order to do this we built a few utilities to help interact with Lucene. In a later post we'll share our generic search class that you can use with these utilities to abstract creating, inserting, and querying into Lucene databases.
First we need to get data into the engine. We like typed data since it allows compile time checking so we decided to use reflection as a way to get data from an object and convert it to a Lucene document with its related metadata fields. Whenever we think about mapping one object to another I immediately think about using reflection since its dynamic and relatively simple. But in order to know enough about the data we're reflecting on we need a way to tag the fields. Attributes are a great way to tag data and to be able to get metadata about a field later. We created an attribute called LuceneSearchFieldAttribute
which looks like this:
[csharp]
public class LuceneSearchFieldAttribute : Attribute
{
private bool _store = true;
public Boolean Store
{
get { return _store; }
set { _store = value; }
}
public Boolean Analyze { get; set; }
private int _trimAmount = NullValue.Integer;
public int TrimAmount
{
get { return _trimAmount; }
set { _trimAmount = value; }
}
public Boolean ForceToLower { get; set; }
public Boolean NumericField { get; set; }
}
[/csharp]
Now that we have a way to tag data we need a way to use this metadata. We created a base class that objects can inherit from called LuceneDocument
which was responsible for using this metadata and constructing a Lucene Document that we could insert into the engine.
Before we show the class I want to mention that you will see a call to a function named LuceneUtils.ConvertDate
. That's because Lucene doesn't have a concept of dates: it only stores strings or numerals. I personally found the Lucene searching on numerals to be extremely difficult. In order to store dates and to easily search them (without having to tokenize them) we convert them into a known string representation. We use the same utility to insert dates into the engine and returns dates from our query. This gives us the ability to search by date ranges since Lucene can search for ranges using a TermRangeFilter
as well as allowing Lucene to return to us sorted entries by date string.
[csharp]
public static class LuceneUtils
{
public static String ConvertDate(DateTime date)
{
return date.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss");
}
public static DateTime ConvertDate(String date)
{
var year = Convert.ToInt32(date.Substring(0, 4));
var month = Convert.ToInt32(date.Substring(4, 2));
var day = Convert.ToInt32(date.Substring(6, 2));
var hour = Convert.ToInt32(date.Substring(8, 2));
var minute = Convert.ToInt32(date.Substring(10, 2));
var second = Convert.ToInt32(date.Substring(12, 2));
return new DateTime(year, month, day, hour, minute, second);
}
}
[/csharp]
Back to the document base class: it looks nasty, but that's just because we're iterating over the object and finding the attributes associated with each piece of data. I always think reflection code looks nasty, but its really just a bunch of linq. The idea is that once we're done we'll get a document with fields that map to the same members of our class! Lets break this class down a little. Here is the high level overview:
[csharp]
public abstract class LuceneDocument
{
public virtual List Fields
{
get
{
// returns a list of fields of this object that are tagged with LuceneSearchFieldAttribute
}
}
public virtual Document Document
{
get
{
//return a new document with fields populated from this object's tagged methods
}
}
private void AddStringField(Document doc, string name, object value, LuceneSearchFieldAttribute attribute, Field.Store store, Field.Index analyzed)
{
// add a string field to the document
}
private void AddNumericField(Document doc, string name, object value, Field.Store store, Field.Index analyzed)
{
// add a numeric field to the document
}
}
[/csharp]
Lets fill in some of the blanks here. The fields method is relatively straight forward:
[csharp]
private List _fields;
public virtual List Fields
{
get
{
if(_fields == null)
{
// get all the public properties of the object who are tagged with field names
var publicProperties = GetType().GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance |
BindingFlags.OptionalParamBinding |
BindingFlags.CreateInstance).ToList();
List taggedMethods = publicProperties.Where(prop => prop.GetCustomAttributes(typeof (LuceneSearchFieldAttribute), false).FirstOrDefault() != null).ToList();
_fields = taggedMethods.Select(p => p.Name).ToList();
}
return _fields;
}
}
[/csharp]
We're using reflection here (we do this a lot!) to find the fields that are tagged with our attribute. Nothing too crazy.
The Document
function is the bulk of the work: find the field, determine the type, get the data out of the object and into the field, add the field to the document.
[csharp]
public virtual Document Document
{
get
{
var doc = new Document();
// get all the public properties of the object who are tagged with field names
var publicProperties = GetType().GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance |
BindingFlags.OptionalParamBinding |
BindingFlags.CreateInstance).ToList();
List taggedMethods = publicProperties.Where(prop => prop.GetCustomAttributes(typeof (LuceneSearchFieldAttribute), false).FirstOrDefault() != null).ToList();
// lunene likes it when things are added in the same order, so lets do that
// we'll just create an anonymous object here to track our property name, value, and the attribute values
var methods = from i in taggedMethods.Select(p => new
{
name = p.Name,
value = p.GetValue(this, null),
attribute = p.GetCustomAttributes(typeof (LuceneSearchFieldAttribute), false)
.FirstOrDefault() as LuceneSearchFieldAttribute
})
orderby i.name
select i;
// for each method lets extract the attribute information and add them to the dumcnet
foreach (var method in methods)
{
Field.Store store = method.attribute.Store ? Field.Store.YES : Field.Store.NO;
Field.Index analyzed = method.attribute.Analyze ? Field.Index.ANALYZED : Field.Index.NOT_ANALYZED;
bool useNumericField = method.attribute.NumericField;
if(useNumericField)
{
AddNumericField(doc, method.name, method.value, store, analyzed);
continue;
}
AddStringField(doc, method.name, method.value, method.attribute, store, analyzed);
}
return doc;
}
}
[/csharp]
The last two methods are basically just pulling a string or integer out of the object and creating a field. The string method checks if the field is a date and if so uses the known date to string storage pattern that we'll use later.
[csharp]
private void AddStringField(Document doc, string name, object value, LuceneSearchFieldAttribute attribute, Field.Store store, Field.Index analyzed)
{
string stringVal;
if (value is DateTime)
{
stringVal = LuceneUtils.ConvertDate((DateTime)value);
}
else
{
stringVal = value != null ? value.ToString() : "";
}
if (!NullValue.IsNull(attribute.TrimAmount))
{
var trimAmount = attribute.TrimAmount;
var trimNeeded = stringVal.Length > trimAmount;
if (trimNeeded)
{
stringVal = stringVal.Substring(0, trimAmount) + " ...trimmed";
}
}
if (attribute.ForceToLower)
{
stringVal = stringVal.ToLowerInvariant();
}
var field = new Field(name, stringVal, store, analyzed);
doc.Add(field);
}
private void AddNumericField(Document doc, string name, object value, Field.Store store, Field.Index analyzed)
{
var numericField = new NumericField(name, store, analyzed == Field.Index.ANALYZED ? true : false);
numericField.SetIntValue((int)value);
doc.Add(numericField);
}
[/csharp]
Now we've created a small base class that we can inherit from that maps our current object into a Lucene Document. We can add more Lucene specific configuration via the attributes if we want to later.
Since we have a way to create a document and insert it, we need a way to transfer a document back into our object. What we created here is a static class with a single public function called Populate
. This takes a Lucene Document class and a generic type T and uses reflection to populate the generic types fields whose names match the fields in the Document. This makes it easy for us to use typed objects with Lucene. As long as the Lucene database has documents with fields that match our objects, then we can just call LuceneUtils<T>.Populate(LuceneDocument)
. This does the reverse logic of LuceneDocument
base class. It knows what to do with certain data types such as Guids, enumerations, and Dates in order to re-fill our objects.
The class has three functions: Populate
, GetFields
, and SetFields
. GetFields
creates a Dictionary of the available fields from the lucene document and maps them to their value. SetFields
goes through the target item and sets its properties based on name. Populate
just puts it all together.
[csharp]
public static class LuceneUtils<T> where T : new()
{
public static T Populate(Document doc)
{
var val = new T();
SetFields(GetFields(doc), val);
return val;
}
private static Dictionary GetFields(Document doc)
{
var fields = doc.GetFields();
var returnDict = new Dictionary();
foreach (Field field in fields)
{
returnDict[field.Name()] = doc.Get(field.Name());
}
return returnDict;
}
private static void SetFields(Dictionary fields, Object obj)
{
// get all the public properties of the object who are tagged with field names
var publicProperties = obj.GetType().GetProperties(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance |
BindingFlags.OptionalParamBinding |
BindingFlags.CreateInstance)
.Where(prop => prop.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(LuceneSearchFieldAttribute), false) != null);
var methods = publicProperties.Select(p => p.Name);
foreach (var method in methods)
{
if (fields.ContainsKey(method))
{
object val = fields[method];
PropertyInfo property = publicProperties.Where(p => p.Name == method).FirstOrDefault();
object newValue;
if (property.PropertyType.IsEnum)
{
newValue = Enum.Parse(property.PropertyType, val.ToString(), true);
}
else
{
if (property.PropertyType == typeof(DateTime))
{
newValue = LuceneUtils.ConvertDate(val as String);
}
else if (property.PropertyType == typeof(Guid))
{
newValue = new Guid(val.ToString());
}
else
{
newValue = Convert.ChangeType(val, property.PropertyType, null);
}
}
property.SetValue(obj, newValue, null);
}
}
}
}
[/csharp]
Putting it all together
Now that there is a way to create a lucene document and a way to extract a lucene document lets see how we can use this. Lets make an object that represents our data:
[csharp]
public class User : LuceneDocument
{
[LuceneSearchField]
public string Name { get; set; }
[LuceneSearchField(NumericField = true)]
public int Age { get; set; }
}
[/csharp]
In order to use this object now all we have to do is add it to an open index
[csharp]
var user = new User
{
Name = "Anton",
Age = 28
};
IndexWriter.AddDocument(user.Document);
[/csharp]
Where IndexWriter is an open index of type Lucene.Net.IndexWriter
.
We've basically made it so we don't have to manually deal with mapping a lucene document result back into our target data type. For each item in our return query we can use the previous utilities to extract out our user object!


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© 2022 Justin Bois.
This document was prepared at Caltech with financial support from the Donna and Benjamin M. Rosen Bioengineering Center.
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Chapter 1 Randomization
Contributors: Ben Arnold
1.1 Introduction
Random allocation of treatment to units (individuals or clusters) is perhaps the single strongest design tool we have in epidemiology and clinical research to estimate the causal effect of a treatment on outcomes. Randomization ensures that individuals who receive treatment are, on average, exchangeable with those who do not [1]. Without randomization, individuals who seek or receive treatment are almost inevitably different from those who do not, often in immeasurable ways. This leads to confounding of the treatment-outcome relationship.
Importantly [1]:
“The term random does not mean the same as haphazard but has a precise technical meaning. By random allocation we mean that each patient has a known chance, usually an equal chance, of being given each treatment, but the treatment to be given cannot be predicted.”
Below, we provide guidance on how to generate random sequences.
Many trials are masked, where the treatment group is kept secret from participants and/or investigators. The next chapter focuses on best practices for masking.
1.2 Randomization Overview
In practice, generating an allocation sequence involves the following steps:
| Steps | |
|---|---|
| 1 | Finalize the study design and randomization plan, including specifics about allocation ratio, any blocking/stratification, and masking. |
| 2 | Create a randomization subdirectory within the trial’s project directory to save the randomization files. If randomization is masked, you will need to save the randomization files in a separate, tightly controlled directory (sync’d to the cloud for secure backup). |
| 3 | Write a script to generate a random sequence. If the trial is masked, use temporary letters. |
| 4 | Assess randomization diagnostics to ensure that the randomization sequence behaves as expected. |
| 5 | Share the randomization sequence and diagnostics with the PI and trial’s biostatistician. Have at least 2 people review the randomization script and diagnostics to check for any errors. |
| 6 | If the trial is masked, work with the trial’s unmasked biostatistician to assign the final letters to each treatment group using the agreed upon, private mapping between letters and treatment group. |
| 7 | Set a new seed, and generate the final sequence. Store the sequence in a .csv file in the randomization directory and lock the file to ensure it cannot be over-written. |
1.3 A few comments on computing
Like all of our data science workflows, generating a random sequence needs to be transparent and reproducible. See Proctor’s handbook on data science. The principles we describe there are germane for randomization sequences as well!
https://proctor-ucsf.github.io/dcc-handbook/intro.html
All of the examples in this guide use R software. There are surely many other effective ways to generate sequences in other software, but R includes many convenient functions for pseudo-random number generation.
Our advice for generating the sequence is to not rely on any packages beyond base R
. The R language and packages evolve rapidly. Using base R ensures that functions will behave consistently over time. For example, many tidyverse packages such as the dplyr
package are incredible for data manipulation. dplyr
includes many convenient pseudo-random sampling routines, but as of this writing its syntax rapidly evolves – some commonly used functions seem to be replaced or deprecated every few months. This makes the code more fragile. As an exception, we do use ggplot2
for graphics in randomization diagnostics examples below.
1.4 Creating a Randomization Directory
The files used to generate a randomization sequence should live in one directory. They should be clearly labeled. They should include lots of comments and documentation to orient a new reader to their contents. The directory should include, at minimum:
| Checklist | |
|---|---|
| __ 1. | A metadata README file that describes all files in the directory. |
| __ 2. | The script that generates the randomization sequence. |
| __ 3. | Randomization diagnostics (typically an output file from the script). |
| __ 4. | The randomization sequence(s) generated, stored as .csv files. |
| __ 5. | The key that maps group labels to masked codes (masked trials only) |
For unmasked randomization, we recommend creating a subdirectory within a trial’s parent directory called Randomization
. In the hypothetical MyTrial
study below, create a new subdirectory nested within:
~/Box Sync/MyTrial/Randomization
If the randomization sequence is masked, then we need to keep the randomization files separate from the main trial directory. Otherwise team members who should not know the mapping between treatment labels and masking codes could discover the link. The sequence could also be discoverable, and if a team member is involved in treating patients that could bias the allocation.
In masked trials, we recommend creating a parallel, shadow directory for the trial with restricted access permissions. We typically use the suffix -unmasked-materials
to identify the restricted access directories. They should live on the same encrypted server as the trial’s main directory, e.g.:
~/Box Sync/MyTrial-unmasked-materials/Randomization
Note that an -unmasked-materials
directory can contain other, sensitive, restricted access materials. Such as: interim analyses requested by the trial’s Data and Safety Monitoring Committee.
| Key Points | |
|---|---|
| 1 | The trial’s biostatistician should control access to a trial’s directory of unmasked materials |
| 2 | At least 3 team members should have access to unmasked materials at all times |


The game's lead storyteller and referee. The DM creates adventures for the characters, who navigate its hazards and decide what they want their adventures to do.


[gecode-users] POsting boolean clauses
Jérémie Vautard
jeremie.vautard at laposte.net
Sat May 27 00:20:43 CEST 2006
Hi !
Is it possible to simply post a propagator for disjunction of n boolean
variables ? I only found the method :
void Gecode::bool_or
<http://www.gecode.org/gecode-doc-latest/group__TaskIntIntBool.html#g8eb933148737bb8afb482e3f566c66b1>
(Space *home, const BoolVarArgs &b, BoolVar c, IntConLevel
<http://www.gecode.org/gecode-doc-latest/group__TaskIntInt.html#ga3e79a3496160feae2fd790c9379a319>=ICL_DEF)
in the documentation, but if I could do the same without having to
create an extra variable already reduced to 1 to use as the c argument,
it would be great !
Cheers,
Jérémie Vautard
More information about the gecode-users
mailing list


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Type in a fish species name i.e. "hauki" to see what you have caught


South Korea river turns red with blood after mass slaughter
by AFPSEOUL: A river near the inter-Korean border turned red with the blood of pigs slaughtered as Seoul attempts to curb the spread of African swine fever.
South Korea has culled around 380,000 pigs since the first case of the haemorrhagic disease – which is not harmful to humans but is highly infectious in swine – was reported in September.
Pig cases are nearly always fatal and there is no antidote or vaccine, with the only known way to prevent the disease from spreading is a mass cull of livestock.
A local NGO said that heavy rains last week caused blood from a burial site near the inter-Korean border – where some 47,000 pig carcasses were piled up – to seep into the Imjin River on Sunday, turning some of the stream red.
“It made many people living in the area anxious and worried,” Lee Seok-woo, who heads the NGO Yeoncheon Imjin River Civic Network, told AFP.
“What was also hard to endure was the odour. I heard many farmers couldn’t work because of the unbearable smell. This should not have happened.”
Seoul’s environment ministry released a statement Wednesday saying the blood from pig carcasses flowing into the streams had now been “dealt with properly” using suction pumps and other devices, and the situation did not affect tap water in the region.
“We have built banks and other facilities so that the polluted water does not flow into the downstream region,” the ministry said, adding: “As of now there is no blood in the stream.”