Any Cryptoki function that uses a particular token (i.e., any Cryptoki function except for C_Initialize, C_Finalize, C_GetInfo, C_GetFunctionList, C_GetSlotList, C_GetSlotInfo, or C_WaitForSlotEvent) can return any of the following values:
· CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY: The token does not have sufficient memory to perform the requested function.
· CKR_DEVICE_ERROR: Some problem has occurred with the token and/or slot. This error code can be returned by more than just the functions mentioned above; in particular, it is possible for C_GetSlotInfo to return CKR_DEVICE_ERROR.
· CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT: The token was not present in its slot at the time that the function was invoked.
· CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED: The token was removed from its slot during the execution of the function.
The relative priorities of these errors are in the order listed above, e.g., if either of CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY or CKR_DEVICE_ERROR would be an appropriate error return, then CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY should be returned.
In practice, it is often not critical (or possible) for a Cryptoki library to be able to make a distinction between a token being removed before a function invocation and a token being removed during a function execution.
There is a special-purpose return value which is not returned by any function in the actual Cryptoki API, but which may be returned by an application-supplied callback function. It is:
· CKR_CANCEL: When a function executing in serial with an application decides to give the application a chance to do some work, it calls an application-supplied function with a CKN_SURRENDER callback (see Section 5.16). If the callback returns the value CKR_CANCEL, then the function aborts and returns CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED.
There are two other special-purpose return values which are not returned by any actual Cryptoki functions. These values may be returned by application-supplied mutex-handling functions, and they may safely be ignored by application developers who are not using their own threading model. They are:
· CKR_MUTEX_BAD: This error code can be returned by mutex-handling functions that are passed a bad mutex object as an argument. Unfortunately, it is possible for such a function not to recognize a bad mutex object. There is therefore no guarantee that such a function will successfully detect bad mutex objects and return this value.
· CKR_MUTEX_NOT_LOCKED: This error code can be returned by mutex-unlocking functions. It indicates that the mutex supplied to the mutex-unlocking function was not locked.
Descriptions of the other Cryptoki function return values follow. Except as mentioned in the descriptions of particular error codes, there are in general no particular priorities among the errors listed below, i.e., if more than one error code might apply to an execution of a function, then the function may return any applicable error code.
· CKR_ACTION_PROHIBITED: This value can only be returned by C_CopyObject, C_SetAttributeValue and C_DestroyObject. It denotes that the action may not be taken, either because of underlying policy restrictions on the token, or because the object has the the relevant CKA_COPYABLE, CKA_MODIFIABLE or CKA_DESTROYABLE policy attribute set to CK_FALSE.
· CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD: This is a rather generic error code which indicates that the arguments supplied to the Cryptoki function were in some way not appropriate.
· CKR_ATTRIBUTE_READ_ONLY: An attempt was made to set a value for an attribute which may not be set by the application, or which may not be modified by the application. See Section 4.1 for more information.
· CKR_ATTRIBUTE_SENSITIVE: An attempt was made to obtain the value of an attribute of an object which cannot be satisfied because the object is either sensitive or un-extractable.
· CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID: An invalid attribute type was specified in a template. See Section 4.1 for more information.
· CKR_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_INVALID: An invalid value was specified for a particular attribute in a template. See Section 4.1 for more information.
· CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL: The output of the function is too large to fit in the supplied buffer.
· CKR_CANT_LOCK: This value can only be returned by C_Initialize. It means that the type of locking requested by the application for thread-safety is not available in this library, and so the application cannot make use of this library in the specified fashion.
· CKR_CRYPTOKI_ALREADY_INITIALIZED: This value can only be returned by C_Initialize. It means that the Cryptoki library has already been initialized (by a previous call to C_Initialize which did not have a matching C_Finalize call).
· CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED: This value can be returned by any function other than C_Initialize and C_GetFunctionList. It indicates that the function cannot be executed because the Cryptoki library has not yet been initialized by a call to C_Initialize.
· CKR_CURVE_NOT_SUPPORTED: This curve is not supported by this token. Used with Elliptic Curve mechanisms.
· CKR_DATA_INVALID: The plaintext input data to a cryptographic operation is invalid. This return value has lower priority than CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE.
· CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE: The plaintext input data to a cryptographic operation has a bad length. Depending on the operation’s mechanism, this could mean that the plaintext data is too short, too long, or is not a multiple of some particular block size. This return value has higher priority than CKR_DATA_INVALID.
· CKR_DOMAIN_PARAMS_INVALID: Invalid or unsupported domain parameters were supplied to the function. Which representation methods of domain parameters are supported by a given mechanism can vary from token to token.
· CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID: The encrypted input to a decryption operation has been determined to be invalid ciphertext. This return value has lower priority than CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_LEN_RANGE.
· CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_LEN_RANGE: The ciphertext input to a decryption operation has been determined to be invalid ciphertext solely on the basis of its length. Depending on the operation’s mechanism, this could mean that the ciphertext is too short, too long, or is not a multiple of some particular block size. This return value has higher priority than CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID.
· CKR_EXCEEDED_MAX_ITERATIONS: An iterative algorithm (for key pair generation, domain parameter generation etc.) failed because we have exceeded the maximum number of iterations. This error code has precedence over CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED. Examples of iterative algorithms include DSA signature generation (retry if either r = 0 or s = 0) and generation of DSA primes p and q specified in FIPS 186-4.
· CKR_FIPS_SELF_TEST_FAILED: A FIPS 140-2 power-up self-test or conditional self-test failed. The token entered an error state. Future calls to cryptographic functions on the token will return CKR_GENERAL_ERROR. CKR_FIPS_SELF_TEST_FAILED has a higher precedence over CKR_GENERAL_ERROR. This error may be returned by C_Initialize, if a power-up self-test failed, by C_GenerateRandom or C_SeedRandom, if the continuous random number generator test failed, or by C_GenerateKeyPair, if the pair-wise consistency test failed.
· CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED: The function was canceled in mid-execution. This happens to a cryptographic function if the function makes a CKN_SURRENDER application callback which returns CKR_CANCEL (see CKR_CANCEL). It also happens to a function that performs PIN entry through a protected path. The method used to cancel a protected path PIN entry operation is device dependent.
· CKR_FUNCTION_NOT_PARALLEL: There is currently no function executing in parallel in the specified session. This is a legacy error code which is only returned by the legacy functions C_GetFunctionStatus and C_CancelFunction.
· CKR_FUNCTION_NOT_SUPPORTED: The requested function is not supported by this Cryptoki library. Even unsupported functions in the Cryptoki API should have a “stub” in the library; this stub should simply return the value CKR_FUNCTION_NOT_SUPPORTED.
· CKR_FUNCTION_REJECTED: The signature request is rejected by the user.
· CKR_INFORMATION_SENSITIVE: The information requested could not be obtained because the token considers it sensitive, and is not able or willing to reveal it.
· CKR_KEY_CHANGED: This value is only returned by C_SetOperationState. It indicates that one of the keys specified is not the same key that was being used in the original saved session.
· CKR_KEY_FUNCTION_NOT_PERMITTED: An attempt has been made to use a key for a cryptographic purpose that the key’s attributes are not set to allow it to do. For example, to use a key for performing encryption, that key MUST have its CKA_ENCRYPT attribute set to CK_TRUE (the fact that the key MUST have a CKA_ENCRYPT attribute implies that the key cannot be a private key). This return value has lower priority than CKR_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT.
· CKR_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID: The specified key handle is not valid. It may be the case that the specified handle is a valid handle for an object which is not a key. We reiterate here that 0 is never a valid key handle.
· CKR_KEY_INDIGESTIBLE: This error code can only be returned by C_DigestKey. It indicates that the value of the specified key cannot be digested for some reason (perhaps the key isn’t a secret key, or perhaps the token simply can’t digest this kind of key).
· CKR_KEY_NEEDED: This value is only returned by C_SetOperationState. It indicates that the session state cannot be restored because C_SetOperationState needs to be supplied with one or more keys that were being used in the original saved session.
· CKR_KEY_NOT_NEEDED: An extraneous key was supplied to C_SetOperationState. For example, an attempt was made to restore a session that had been performing a message digesting operation, and an encryption key was supplied.
· CKR_KEY_NOT_WRAPPABLE: Although the specified private or secret key does not have its CKA_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_FALSE, Cryptoki (or the token) is unable to wrap the key as requested (possibly the token can only wrap a given key with certain types of keys, and the wrapping key specified is not one of these types). Compare with CKR_KEY_UNEXTRACTABLE.
· CKR_KEY_SIZE_RANGE: Although the requested keyed cryptographic operation could in principle be carried out, this Cryptoki library (or the token) is unable to actually do it because the supplied key‘s size is outside the range of key sizes that it can handle.
· CKR_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT: The specified key is not the correct type of key to use with the specified mechanism. This return value has a higher priority than CKR_KEY_FUNCTION_NOT_PERMITTED.
· CKR_KEY_UNEXTRACTABLE: The specified private or secret key can’t be wrapped because its CKA_EXTRACTABLE attribute is set to CK_FALSE. Compare with CKR_KEY_NOT_WRAPPABLE.
· CKR_LIBRARY_LOAD_FAILED: The Cryptoki library could not load a dependent shared library.
· CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID: An invalid mechanism was specified to the cryptographic operation. This error code is an appropriate return value if an unknown mechanism was specified or if the mechanism specified cannot be used in the selected token with the selected function.
· CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID: Invalid parameters were supplied to the mechanism specified to the cryptographic operation. Which parameter values are supported by a given mechanism can vary from token to token.
· CKR_NEED_TO_CREATE_THREADS: This value can only be returned by C_Initialize. It is returned when two conditions hold:
· CKR_NO_EVENT: This value can only be returned by C_GetSlotEvent. It is returned when C_GetSlotEvent is called in non-blocking mode and there are no new slot events to return.
· CKR_OBJECT_HANDLE_INVALID: The specified object handle is not valid. We reiterate here that 0 is never a valid object handle.
· CKR_OPERATION_ACTIVE: There is already an active operation (or combination of active operations) which prevents Cryptoki from activating the specified operation. For example, an active object-searching operation would prevent Cryptoki from activating an encryption operation with C_EncryptInit. Or, an active digesting operation and an active encryption operation would prevent Cryptoki from activating a signature operation. Or, on a token which doesn’t support simultaneous dual cryptographic operations in a session (see the description of the CKF_DUAL_CRYPTO_OPERATIONS flag in the CK_TOKEN_INFO structure), an active signature operation would prevent Cryptoki from activating an encryption operation.
· CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED: There is no active operation of an appropriate type in the specified session. For example, an application cannot call C_Encrypt in a session without having called C_EncryptInit first to activate an encryption operation.
· CKR_PIN_EXPIRED: The specified PIN has expired, and the requested operation cannot be carried out unless C_SetPIN is called to change the PIN value. Whether or not the normal user’s PIN on a token ever expires varies from token to token.
· CKR_PIN_INCORRECT: The specified PIN is incorrect, i.e., does not match the PIN stored on the token. More generally-- when authentication to the token involves something other than a PIN-- the attempt to authenticate the user has failed.
· CKR_PIN_INVALID: The specified PIN has invalid characters in it. This return code only applies to functions which attempt to set a PIN.
· CKR_PIN_LEN_RANGE: The specified PIN is too long or too short. This return code only applies to functions which attempt to set a PIN.
· CKR_PIN_LOCKED: The specified PIN is “locked”, and cannot be used. That is, because some particular number of failed authentication attempts has been reached, the token is unwilling to permit further attempts at authentication. Depending on the token, the specified PIN may or may not remain locked indefinitely.
· CKR_PIN_TOO_WEAK: The specified PIN is too weak so that it could be easy to guess. If the PIN is too short, CKR_PIN_LEN_RANGE should be returned instead. This return code only applies to functions which attempt to set a PIN.
· CKR_PUBLIC_KEY_INVALID: The public key fails a public key validation. For example, an EC public key fails the public key validation specified in Section 5.2.2 of ANSI X9.62. This error code may be returned by C_CreateObject, when the public key is created, or by C_VerifyInit or C_VerifyRecoverInit, when the public key is used. It may also be returned by C_DeriveKey, in preference to CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID, if the other party's public key specified in the mechanism's parameters is invalid.
· CKR_RANDOM_NO_RNG: This value can be returned by C_SeedRandom and C_GenerateRandom. It indicates that the specified token doesn’t have a random number generator. This return value has higher priority than CKR_RANDOM_SEED_NOT_SUPPORTED.
· CKR_RANDOM_SEED_NOT_SUPPORTED: This value can only be returned by C_SeedRandom. It indicates that the token’s random number generator does not accept seeding from an application. This return value has lower priority than CKR_RANDOM_NO_RNG.
· CKR_SAVED_STATE_INVALID: This value can only be returned by C_SetOperationState. It indicates that the supplied saved cryptographic operations state is invalid, and so it cannot be restored to the specified session.
· CKR_SESSION_COUNT: This value can only be returned by C_OpenSession. It indicates that the attempt to open a session failed, either because the token has too many sessions already open, or because the token has too many read/write sessions already open.
· CKR_SESSION_EXISTS: This value can only be returned by C_InitToken. It indicates that a session with the token is already open, and so the token cannot be initialized.
· CKR_SESSION_PARALLEL_NOT_SUPPORTED: The specified token does not support parallel sessions. This is a legacy error code—in Cryptoki Version 2.01 and up, no token supports parallel sessions. CKR_SESSION_PARALLEL_NOT_SUPPORTED can only be returned by C_OpenSession, and it is only returned when C_OpenSession is called in a particular [deprecated] way.
· CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY: The specified session was unable to accomplish the desired action because it is a read-only session. This return value has lower priority than CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED.
· CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY_EXISTS: A read-only session already exists, and so the SO cannot be logged in.
· CKR_SESSION_READ_WRITE_SO_EXISTS: A read/write SO session already exists, and so a read-only session cannot be opened.
· CKR_SIGNATURE_LEN_RANGE: The provided signature/MAC can be seen to be invalid solely on the basis of its length. This return value has higher priority than CKR_SIGNATURE_INVALID.
· CKR_SIGNATURE_INVALID: The provided signature/MAC is invalid. This return value has lower priority than CKR_SIGNATURE_LEN_RANGE.
· CKR_SLOT_ID_INVALID: The specified slot ID is not valid.
· CKR_STATE_UNSAVEABLE: The cryptographic operations state of the specified session cannot be saved for some reason (possibly the token is simply unable to save the current state). This return value has lower priority than CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED.
· CKR_TEMPLATE_INCOMPLETE: The template specified for creating an object is incomplete, and lacks some necessary attributes. See Section 4.1 for more information.
· CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT: The template specified for creating an object has conflicting attributes. See Section 4.1 for more information.
· CKR_TOKEN_NOT_RECOGNIZED: The Cryptoki library and/or slot does not recognize the token in the slot.
· CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED: The requested action could not be performed because the token is write-protected. This return value has higher priority than CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY.
· CKR_UNWRAPPING_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID: This value can only be returned by C_UnwrapKey. It indicates that the key handle specified to be used to unwrap another key is not valid.
· CKR_UNWRAPPING_KEY_SIZE_RANGE: This value can only be returned by C_UnwrapKey. It indicates that although the requested unwrapping operation could in principle be carried out, this Cryptoki library (or the token) is unable to actually do it because the supplied key’s size is outside the range of key sizes that it can handle.
· CKR_UNWRAPPING_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT: This value can only be returned by C_UnwrapKey. It indicates that the type of the key specified to unwrap another key is not consistent with the mechanism specified for unwrapping.
· CKR_USER_ALREADY_LOGGED_IN: This value can only be returned by C_Login. It indicates that the specified user cannot be logged into the session, because it is already logged into the session. For example, if an application has an open SO session, and it attempts to log the SO into it, it will receive this error code.
· CKR_USER_ANOTHER_ALREADY_LOGGED_IN: This value can only be returned by C_Login. It indicates that the specified user cannot be logged into the session, because another user is already logged into the session. For example, if an application has an open SO session, and it attempts to log the normal user into it, it will receive this error code.
· CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN: The desired action cannot be performed because the appropriate user (or an appropriate user) is not logged in. One example is that a session cannot be logged out unless it is logged in. Another example is that a private object cannot be created on a token unless the session attempting to create it is logged in as the normal user. A final example is that cryptographic operations on certain tokens cannot be performed unless the normal user is logged in.
· CKR_USER_PIN_NOT_INITIALIZED: This value can only be returned by C_Login. It indicates that the normal user’s PIN has not yet been initialized with C_InitPIN.
· CKR_USER_TOO_MANY_TYPES: An attempt was made to have more distinct users simultaneously logged into the token than the token and/or library permits. For example, if some application has an open SO session, and another application attempts to log the normal user into a session, the attempt may return this error. It is not required to, however. Only if the simultaneous distinct users cannot be supported does C_Login have to return this value. Note that this error code generalizes to true multi-user tokens.
· CKR_USER_TYPE_INVALID: An invalid value was specified as a CK_USER_TYPE. Valid types are CKU_SO, CKU_USER, and CKU_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC.
· CKR_WRAPPED_KEY_INVALID: This value can only be returned by C_UnwrapKey. It indicates that the provided wrapped key is not valid. If a call is made to C_UnwrapKey to unwrap a particular type of key (i.e., some particular key type is specified in the template provided to C_UnwrapKey), and the wrapped key provided to C_UnwrapKey is recognizably not a wrapped key of the proper type, then C_UnwrapKey should return CKR_WRAPPED_KEY_INVALID. This return value has lower priority than CKR_WRAPPED_KEY_LEN_RANGE.
· CKR_WRAPPED_KEY_LEN_RANGE: This value can only be returned by C_UnwrapKey. It indicates that the provided wrapped key can be seen to be invalid solely on the basis of its length. This return value has higher priority than CKR_WRAPPED_KEY_INVALID.
· CKR_WRAPPING_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID: This value can only be returned by C_WrapKey. It indicates that the key handle specified to be used to wrap another key is not valid.
· CKR_WRAPPING_KEY_SIZE_RANGE: This value can only be returned by C_WrapKey. It indicates that although the requested wrapping operation could in principle be carried out, this Cryptoki library (or the token) is unable to actually do it because the supplied wrapping key’s size is outside the range of key sizes that it can handle.
· CKR_WRAPPING_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT: This value can only be returned by C_WrapKey. It indicates that the type of the key specified to wrap another key is not consistent with the mechanism specified for wrapping.
In general, when a Cryptoki call is made, error codes from Section 5.1.1 (other than CKR_OK) take precedence over error codes from Section 5.1.2, which take precedence over error codes from Section 5.1.3, which take precedence over error codes from Section 5.1.6. One minor implication of this is that functions that use a session handle (i.e., most functions!) never return the error code CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT (they return CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID instead). Other than these precedences, if more than one error code applies to the result of a Cryptoki call, any of the applicable error codes may be returned. Exceptions to this rule will be explicitly mentioned in the descriptions of functions.
Here is a short list of a few particular things about return values that Cryptoki developers might want to be aware of:
1. As mentioned in Sections 5.1.2 and 5.1.3, a Cryptoki library may not be able to make a distinction between a token being removed before a function invocation and a token being removed during a function invocation.
2. As mentioned in Section 5.1.2, an application should never count on getting a CKR_SESSION_CLOSED error.
3. The difference between CKR_DATA_INVALID and CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE can be somewhat subtle. Unless an application needs to be able to distinguish between these return values, it is best to always treat them equivalently.
4. Similarly, the difference between CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID and CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_LEN_RANGE, and between CKR_WRAPPED_KEY_INVALID and CKR_WRAPPED_KEY_LEN_RANGE, can be subtle, and it may be best to treat these return values equivalently.
5. Even with the guidance of Section 4.1, it can be difficult for a Cryptoki library developer to know which of CKR_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_INVALID, CKR_TEMPLATE_INCOMPLETE, or CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT to return. When possible, it is recommended that application developers be generous in their interpretations of these error codes.
A number of the functions defined in Cryptoki return output produced by some cryptographic mechanism. The amount of output returned by these functions is returned in a variable-length application-supplied buffer. An example of a function of this sort is C_Encrypt, which takes some plaintext as an argument, and outputs a buffer full of ciphertext.
These functions have some common calling conventions, which we describe here. Two of the arguments to the function are a pointer to the output buffer (say pBuf) and a pointer to a location which will hold the length of the output produced (say pulBufLen). There are two ways for an application to call such a function:
1. If pBuf is NULL_PTR, then all that the function does is return (in *pulBufLen) a number of bytes which would suffice to hold the cryptographic output produced from the input to the function. This number may somewhat exceed the precise number of bytes needed, but should not exceed it by a large amount. CKR_OK is returned by the function.
2. If pBuf is not NULL_PTR, then *pulBufLen MUST contain the size in bytes of the buffer pointed to by pBuf. If that buffer is large enough to hold the cryptographic output produced from the input to the function, then that cryptographic output is placed there, and CKR_OK is returned by the function. If the buffer is not large enough, then CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL is returned. In either case, *pulBufLen is set to hold the exact number of bytes needed to hold the cryptographic output produced from the input to the function.
All functions which use the above convention will explicitly say so.
Cryptographic functions which return output in a variable-length buffer should always return as much output as can be computed from what has been passed in to them thus far. As an example, consider a session which is performing a multiple-part decryption operation with DES in cipher-block chaining mode with PKCS padding. Suppose that, initially, 8 bytes of ciphertext are passed to the C_DecryptUpdate function. The block size of DES is 8 bytes, but the PKCS padding makes it unclear at this stage whether the ciphertext was produced from encrypting a 0-byte string, or from encrypting some string of length at least 8 bytes. Hence the call to C_DecryptUpdate should return 0 bytes of plaintext. If a single additional byte of ciphertext is supplied by a subsequent call to C_DecryptUpdate, then that call should return 8 bytes of plaintext (one full DES block).
For the remainder of this section, we enumerate the various functions defined in Cryptoki. Most functions will be shown in use in at least one sample code snippet. For the sake of brevity, sample code will frequently be somewhat incomplete. In particular, sample code will generally ignore possible error returns from C library functions, and also will not deal with Cryptoki error returns in a realistic fashion.
Cryptoki provides the following general-purpose functions:
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Initialize) {
CK_VOID_PTR pInitArgs
);
C_Initialize initializes the Cryptoki library. pInitArgs either has the value NULL_PTR or points to a CK_C_INITIALIZE_ARGS structure containing information on how the library should deal with multi-threaded access. If an application will not be accessing Cryptoki through multiple threads simultaneously, it can generally supply the value NULL_PTR to C_Initialize (the consequences of supplying this value will be explained below).
If pInitArgs is non-NULL_PTR, C_Initialize should cast it to a CK_C_INITIALIZE_ARGS_PTR and then dereference the resulting pointer to obtain the CK_C_INITIALIZE_ARGS fields CreateMutex, DestroyMutex, LockMutex, UnlockMutex, flags, and pReserved. For this version of Cryptoki, the value of pReserved thereby obtained MUST be NULL_PTR; if it’s not, then C_Initialize should return with the value CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
If the CKF_LIBRARY_CANT_CREATE_OS_THREADS flag in the flags field is set, that indicates that application threads which are executing calls to the Cryptoki library are not permitted to use the native operation system calls to spawn off new threads. In other words, the library’s code may not create its own threads. If the library is unable to function properly under this restriction, C_Initialize should return with the value CKR_NEED_TO_CREATE_THREADS.
A call to C_Initialize specifies one of four different ways to support multi-threaded access via the value of the CKF_OS_LOCKING_OK flag in the flags field and the values of the CreateMutex, DestroyMutex, LockMutex, and UnlockMutex function pointer fields:
1. If the flag isn’t set, and the function pointer fields aren’t supplied (i.e., they all have the value NULL_PTR), that means that the application won’t be accessing the Cryptoki library from multiple threads simultaneously.
2. If the flag is set, and the function pointer fields aren’t supplied (i.e., they all have the value NULL_PTR), that means that the application will be performing multi-threaded Cryptoki access, and the library needs to use the native operating system primitives to ensure safe multi-threaded access. If the library is unable to do this, C_Initialize should return with the value CKR_CANT_LOCK.
3. If the flag isn’t set, and the function pointer fields are supplied (i.e., they all have non-NULL_PTR values), that means that the application will be performing multi-threaded Cryptoki access, and the library needs to use the supplied function pointers for mutex-handling to ensure safe multi-threaded access. If the library is unable to do this, C_Initialize should return with the value CKR_CANT_LOCK.
4. If the flag is set, and the function pointer fields are supplied (i.e., they all have non-NULL_PTR values), that means that the application will be performing multi-threaded Cryptoki access, and the library needs to use either the native operating system primitives or the supplied function pointers for mutex-handling to ensure safe multi-threaded access. If the library is unable to do this, C_Initialize should return with the value CKR_CANT_LOCK.
If some, but not all, of the supplied function pointers to C_Initialize are non-NULL_PTR, then C_Initialize should return with the value CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
A call to C_Initialize with pInitArgs set to NULL_PTR is treated like a call to C_Initialize with pInitArgs pointing to a CK_C_INITIALIZE_ARGS which has the CreateMutex, DestroyMutex, LockMutex, UnlockMutex, and pReserved fields set to NULL_PTR, and has the flags field set to 0.
C_Initialize should be the first Cryptoki call made by an application, except for calls to C_GetFunctionList. What this function actually does is implementation-dependent; typically, it might cause Cryptoki to initialize its internal memory buffers, or any other resources it requires.
If several applications are using Cryptoki, each one should call C_Initialize. Every call to C_Initialize should (eventually) be succeeded by a single call to C_Finalize. See [PKCS11-UG] for further details.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CANT_LOCK, CKR_CRYPTOKI_ALREADY_INITIALIZED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_NEED_TO_CREATE_THREADS, CKR_OK.
Example: see C_GetInfo.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Finalize)(
CK_VOID_PTR pReserved
);
C_Finalize is called to indicate that an application is finished with the Cryptoki library. It should be the last Cryptoki call made by an application. The pReserved parameter is reserved for future versions; for this version, it should be set to NULL_PTR (if C_Finalize is called with a non-NULL_PTR value for pReserved, it should return the value CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
If several applications are using Cryptoki, each one should call C_Finalize. Each application’s call to C_Finalize should be preceded by a single call to C_Initialize; in between the two calls, an application can make calls to other Cryptoki functions. See [PKCS11-UG] for further details.
Despite the fact that the parameters supplied to C_Initialize can in general allow for safe multi-threaded access to a Cryptoki library, the behavior of C_Finalize is nevertheless undefined if it is called by an application while other threads of the application are making Cryptoki calls. The exception to this exceptional behavior of C_Finalize occurs when a thread calls C_Finalize while another of the application’s threads is blocking on Cryptoki’s C_WaitForSlotEvent function. When this happens, the blocked thread becomes unblocked and returns the value CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED. See C_WaitForSlotEvent for more information.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK.
Example: see C_GetInfo.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetInfo)(
CK_INFO_PTR pInfo
);
C_GetInfo returns general information about Cryptoki. pInfo points to the location that receives the information.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK.
Example:
CK_INFO info;
CK_RV rv;
CK_C_INITIALIZE_ARGS InitArgs;
InitArgs.CreateMutex = &MyCreateMutex;
InitArgs.DestroyMutex = &MyDestroyMutex;
InitArgs.LockMutex = &MyLockMutex;
InitArgs.UnlockMutex = &MyUnlockMutex;
InitArgs.flags = CKF_OS_LOCKING_OK;
InitArgs.pReserved = NULL_PTR;
rv = C_Initialize((CK_VOID_PTR)&InitArgs);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
rv = C_GetInfo(&info);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
if(info.version.major == 2) {
/* Do lots of interesting cryptographic things with the token */
.
.
}
rv = C_Finalize(NULL_PTR);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetFunctionList)(
CK_FUNCTION_LIST_PTR_PTR ppFunctionList
);
C_GetFunctionList obtains a pointer to the Cryptoki library’s list of function pointers. ppFunctionList points to a value which will receive a pointer to the library’s CK_FUNCTION_LIST structure, which in turn contains function pointers for all the Cryptoki API routines in the library. The pointer thus obtained may point into memory which is owned by the Cryptoki library, and which may or may not be writable. Whether or not this is the case, no attempt should be made to write to this memory.
C_GetFunctionList is the only Cryptoki function which an application may call before calling C_Initialize. It is provided to make it easier and faster for applications to use shared Cryptoki libraries and to use more than one Cryptoki library simultaneously.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK.
Example:
CK_FUNCTION_LIST_PTR pFunctionList;
CK_C_Initialize pC_Initialize;
CK_RV rv;
/* It’s OK to call C_GetFunctionList before calling C_Initialize */
rv = C_GetFunctionList(&pFunctionList);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
pC_Initialize = pFunctionList -> C_Initialize;
/* Call the C_Initialize function in the library */
rv = (*pC_Initialize)(NULL_PTR);
Cryptoki provides the following functions for slot and token management:
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetSlotList)(
CK_BBOOL tokenPresent,
CK_SLOT_ID_PTR pSlotList,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulCount
);
C_GetSlotList is used to obtain a list of slots in the system. tokenPresent indicates whether the list obtained includes only those slots with a token present (CK_TRUE), or all slots (CK_FALSE); pulCount points to the location that receives the number of slots.
There are two ways for an application to call C_GetSlotList:
1. If pSlotList is NULL_PTR, then all that C_GetSlotList does is return (in *pulCount) the number of slots, without actually returning a list of slots. The contents of the buffer pointed to by pulCount on entry to C_GetSlotList has no meaning in this case, and the call returns the value CKR_OK.
2. If pSlotList is not NULL_PTR, then *pulCount MUST contain the size (in terms of CK_SLOT_ID elements) of the buffer pointed to by pSlotList. If that buffer is large enough to hold the list of slots, then the list is returned in it, and CKR_OK is returned. If not, then the call to C_GetSlotList returns the value CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL. In either case, the value *pulCount is set to hold the number of slots.
Because C_GetSlotList does not allocate any space of its own, an application will often call C_GetSlotList twice (or sometimes even more times—if an application is trying to get a list of all slots with a token present, then the number of such slots can (unfortunately) change between when the application asks for how many such slots there are and when the application asks for the slots themselves). However, multiple calls to C_GetSlotList are by no means required.
All slots which C_GetSlotList reports MUST be able to be queried as valid slots by C_GetSlotInfo. Furthermore, the set of slots accessible through a Cryptoki library is checked at the time that C_GetSlotList, for list length prediction (NULL pSlotList argument) is called. If an application calls C_GetSlotList with a non-NULL pSlotList, and then the user adds or removes a hardware device, the changed slot list will only be visible and effective if C_GetSlotList is called again with NULL. Even if C_ GetSlotList is successfully called this way, it may or may not be the case that the changed slot list will be successfully recognized depending on the library implementation. On some platforms, or earlier PKCS11 compliant libraries, it may be necessary to successfully call C_Initialize or to restart the entire system.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK.
Example:
CK_ULONG ulSlotCount, ulSlotWithTokenCount;
CK_SLOT_ID_PTR pSlotList, pSlotWithTokenList;
CK_RV rv;
/* Get list of all slots */
rv = C_GetSlotList(CK_FALSE, NULL_PTR, &ulSlotCount);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
pSlotList =
(CK_SLOT_ID_PTR) malloc(ulSlotCount*sizeof(CK_SLOT_ID));
rv = C_GetSlotList(CK_FALSE, pSlotList, &ulSlotCount);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
/* Now use that list of all slots */
.
.
}
free(pSlotList);
}
/* Get list of all slots with a token present */
pSlotWithTokenList = (CK_SLOT_ID_PTR) malloc(0);
ulSlotWithTokenCount = 0;
while (1) {
rv = C_GetSlotList(
CK_TRUE, pSlotWithTokenList, ulSlotWithTokenCount);
if (rv != CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL)
break;
pSlotWithTokenList = realloc(
pSlotWithTokenList,
ulSlotWithTokenList*sizeof(CK_SLOT_ID));
}
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
/* Now use that list of all slots with a token present */
.
.
}
free(pSlotWithTokenList);
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetSlotInfo)(
CK_SLOT_ID slotID,
CK_SLOT_INFO_PTR pInfo
);
C_GetSlotInfo obtains information about a particular slot in the system. slotID is the ID of the slot; pInfo points to the location that receives the slot information.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_SLOT_ID_INVALID.
Example: see C_GetTokenInfo.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetTokenInfo)(
CK_SLOT_ID slotID,
CK_TOKEN_INFO_PTR pInfo
);
C_GetTokenInfo obtains information about a particular token in the system. slotID is the ID of the token’s slot; pInfo points to the location that receives the token information.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_SLOT_ID_INVALID, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_RECOGNIZED, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example:
CK_ULONG ulCount;
CK_SLOT_ID_PTR pSlotList;
CK_SLOT_INFO slotInfo;
CK_TOKEN_INFO tokenInfo;
CK_RV rv;
rv = C_GetSlotList(CK_FALSE, NULL_PTR, &ulCount);
if ((rv == CKR_OK) && (ulCount > 0)) {
pSlotList = (CK_SLOT_ID_PTR) malloc(ulCount*sizeof(CK_SLOT_ID));
rv = C_GetSlotList(CK_FALSE, pSlotList, &ulCount);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* Get slot information for first slot */
rv = C_GetSlotInfo(pSlotList[0], &slotInfo);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* Get token information for first slot */
rv = C_GetTokenInfo(pSlotList[0], &tokenInfo);
if (rv == CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT) {
.
.
}
.
.
free(pSlotList);
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_WaitForSlotEvent)(
CK_FLAGS flags,
CK_SLOT_ID_PTR pSlot,
CK_VOID_PTR pReserved
);
C_WaitForSlotEvent waits for a slot event, such as token insertion or token removal, to occur. flags determines whether or not the C_WaitForSlotEvent call blocks (i.e., waits for a slot event to occur); pSlot points to a location which will receive the ID of the slot that the event occurred in. pReserved is reserved for future versions; for this version of Cryptoki, it should be NULL_PTR.
At present, the only flag defined for use in the flags argument is CKF_DONT_BLOCK:
Internally, each Cryptoki application has a flag for each slot which is used to track whether or not any unrecognized events involving that slot have occurred. When an application initially calls C_Initialize, every slot’s event flag is cleared. Whenever a slot event occurs, the flag corresponding to the slot in which the event occurred is set.
If C_WaitForSlotEvent is called with the CKF_DONT_BLOCK flag set in the flags argument, and some slot’s event flag is set, then that event flag is cleared, and the call returns with the ID of that slot in the location pointed to by pSlot. If more than one slot’s event flag is set at the time of the call, one such slot is chosen by the library to have its event flag cleared and to have its slot ID returned.
If C_WaitForSlotEvent is called with the CKF_DONT_BLOCK flag set in the flags argument, and no slot’s event flag is set, then the call returns with the value CKR_NO_EVENT. In this case, the contents of the location pointed to by pSlot when C_WaitForSlotEvent are undefined.
If C_WaitForSlotEvent is called with the CKF_DONT_BLOCK flag clear in the flags argument, then the call behaves as above, except that it will block. That is, if no slot’s event flag is set at the time of the call, C_WaitForSlotEvent will wait until some slot’s event flag becomes set. If a thread of an application has a C_WaitForSlotEvent call blocking when another thread of that application calls C_Finalize, the C_WaitForSlotEvent call returns with the value CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED.
Although the parameters supplied to C_Initialize can in general allow for safe multi-threaded access to a Cryptoki library, C_WaitForSlotEvent is exceptional in that the behavior of Cryptoki is undefined if multiple threads of a single application make simultaneous calls to C_WaitForSlotEvent.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_NO_EVENT, CKR_OK.
Example:
CK_FLAGS flags = 0;
CK_SLOT_ID slotID;
CK_SLOT_INFO slotInfo;
.
.
/* Block and wait for a slot event */
rv = C_WaitForSlotEvent(flags, &slotID, NULL_PTR);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* See what’s up with that slot */
rv = C_GetSlotInfo(slotID, &slotInfo);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetMechanismList)(
CK_SLOT_ID slotID,
CK_MECHANISM_TYPE_PTR pMechanismList,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulCount
);
C_GetMechanismList is used to obtain a list of mechanism types supported by a token. SlotID is the ID of the token’s slot; pulCount points to the location that receives the number of mechanisms.
There are two ways for an application to call C_GetMechanismList:
1. If pMechanismList is NULL_PTR, then all that C_GetMechanismList does is return (in *pulCount) the number of mechanisms, without actually returning a list of mechanisms. The contents of *pulCount on entry to C_GetMechanismList has no meaning in this case, and the call returns the value CKR_OK.
2. If pMechanismList is not NULL_PTR, then *pulCount MUST contain the size (in terms of CK_MECHANISM_TYPE elements) of the buffer pointed to by pMechanismList. If that buffer is large enough to hold the list of mechanisms, then the list is returned in it, and CKR_OK is returned. If not, then the call to C_GetMechanismList returns the value CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL. In either case, the value *pulCount is set to hold the number of mechanisms.
Because C_GetMechanismList does not allocate any space of its own, an application will often call C_GetMechanismList twice. However, this behavior is by no means required.
Return values: CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_SLOT_ID_INVALID, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_RECOGNIZED, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example:
CK_SLOT_ID slotID;
CK_ULONG ulCount;
CK_MECHANISM_TYPE_PTR pMechanismList;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_GetMechanismList(slotID, NULL_PTR, &ulCount);
if ((rv == CKR_OK) && (ulCount > 0)) {
pMechanismList =
(CK_MECHANISM_TYPE_PTR)
malloc(ulCount*sizeof(CK_MECHANISM_TYPE));
rv = C_GetMechanismList(slotID, pMechanismList, &ulCount);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
free(pMechanismList);
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetMechanismInfo)(
CK_SLOT_ID slotID,
CK_MECHANISM_TYPE type,
CK_MECHANISM_INFO_PTR pInfo
);
C_GetMechanismInfo obtains information about a particular mechanism possibly supported by a token. slotID is the ID of the token’s slot; type is the type of mechanism; pInfo points to the location that receives the mechanism information.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_SLOT_ID_INVALID, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_RECOGNIZED, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example:
CK_SLOT_ID slotID;
CK_MECHANISM_INFO info;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
/* Get information about the CKM_MD2 mechanism for this token */
rv = C_GetMechanismInfo(slotID, CKM_MD2, &info);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
if (info.flags & CKF_DIGEST) {
.
.
}
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_InitToken)(
CK_SLOT_ID slotID,
CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pPin,
CK_ULONG ulPinLen,
CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pLabel
);
C_InitToken initializes a token. slotID is the ID of the token’s slot; pPin points to the SO’s initial PIN (which need not be null-terminated); ulPinLen is the length in bytes of the PIN; pLabel points to the 32-byte label of the token (which MUST be padded with blank characters, and which MUST not be null-terminated). This standard allows PIN values to contain any valid UTF8 character, but the token may impose subset restrictions.
If the token has not been initialized (i.e. new from the factory), then the pPin parameter becomes the initial value of the SO PIN. If the token is being reinitialized, the pPin parameter is checked against the existing SO PIN to authorize the initialization operation. In both cases, the SO PIN is the value pPin after the function completes successfully. If the SO PIN is lost, then the card MUST be reinitialized using a mechanism outside the scope of this standard. The CKF_TOKEN_INITIALIZED flag in the CK_TOKEN_INFO structure indicates the action that will result from calling C_InitToken. If set, the token will be reinitialized, and the client MUST supply the existing SO password in pPin.
When a token is initialized, all objects that can be destroyed are destroyed (i.e., all except for “indestructible” objects such as keys built into the token). Also, access by the normal user is disabled until the SO sets the normal user’s PIN. Depending on the token, some “default” objects may be created, and attributes of some objects may be set to default values.
If the token has a “protected authentication path”, as indicated by the CKF_PROTECTED_AUTHENTICATION_PATH flag in its CK_TOKEN_INFO being set, then that means that there is some way for a user to be authenticated to the token without having the application send a PIN through the Cryptoki library. One such possibility is that the user enters a PIN on a PINpad on the token itself, or on the slot device. To initialize a token with such a protected authentication path, the pPin parameter to C_InitToken should be NULL_PTR. During the execution of C_InitToken, the SO’s PIN will be entered through the protected authentication path.
If the token has a protected authentication path other than a PINpad, then it is token-dependent whether or not C_InitToken can be used to initialize the token.
A token cannot be initialized if Cryptoki detects that any application has an open session with it; when a call to C_InitToken is made under such circumstances, the call fails with error CKR_SESSION_EXISTS. Unfortunately, it may happen when C_InitToken is called that some other application does have an open session with the token, but Cryptoki cannot detect this, because it cannot detect anything about other applications using the token. If this is the case, then the consequences of the C_InitToken call are undefined.
The C_InitToken function may not be sufficient to properly initialize complex tokens. In these situations, an initialization mechanism outside the scope of Cryptoki MUST be employed. The definition of “complex token” is product specific.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_PIN_INCORRECT, CKR_PIN_LOCKED, CKR_SESSION_EXISTS, CKR_SLOT_ID_INVALID, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_RECOGNIZED, CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example:
CK_SLOT_ID slotID;
CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pin = “MyPIN”;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[32];
CK_RV rv;
.
.
memset(label, ‘ ’, sizeof(label));
memcpy(label, “My first token”, strlen(“My first token”));
rv = C_InitToken(slotID, pin, strlen(pin), label);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_InitPIN)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pPin,
CK_ULONG ulPinLen
);
C_InitPIN initializes the normal user’s PIN. hSession is the session’s handle; pPin points to the normal user’s PIN; ulPinLen is the length in bytes of the PIN. This standard allows PIN values to contain any valid UTF8 character, but the token may impose subset restrictions.
C_InitPIN can only be called in the “R/W SO Functions” state. An attempt to call it from a session in any other state fails with error CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
If the token has a “protected authentication path”, as indicated by the CKF_PROTECTED_AUTHENTICATION_PATH flag in its CK_TOKEN_INFO being set, then that means that there is some way for a user to be authenticated to the token without having to send a PIN through the Cryptoki library. One such possibility is that the user enters a PIN on a PIN pad on the token itself, or on the slot device. To initialize the normal user’s PIN on a token with such a protected authentication path, the pPin parameter to C_InitPIN should be NULL_PTR. During the execution of C_InitPIN, the SO will enter the new PIN through the protected authentication path.
If the token has a protected authentication path other than a PIN pad, then it is token-dependent whether or not C_InitPIN can be used to initialize the normal user’s token access.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_PIN_INVALID, CKR_PIN_LEN_RANGE, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_UTF8CHAR newPin[]= {“NewPIN”};
CK_RV rv;
rv = C_InitPIN(hSession, newPin, sizeof(newPin)-1);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_SetPIN)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pOldPin,
CK_ULONG ulOldLen,
CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pNewPin,
CK_ULONG ulNewLen
);
C_SetPIN modifies the PIN of the user that is currently logged in, or the CKU_USER PIN if the session is not logged in. hSession is the session’s handle; pOldPin points to the old PIN; ulOldLen is the length in bytes of the old PIN; pNewPin points to the new PIN; ulNewLen is the length in bytes of the new PIN. This standard allows PIN values to contain any valid UTF8 character, but the token may impose subset restrictions.
C_SetPIN can only be called in the “R/W Public Session” state, “R/W SO Functions” state, or “R/W User Functions” state. An attempt to call it from a session in any other state fails with error CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY.
If the token has a “protected authentication path”, as indicated by the CKF_PROTECTED_AUTHENTICATION_PATH flag in its CK_TOKEN_INFO being set, then that means that there is some way for a user to be authenticated to the token without having to send a PIN through the Cryptoki library. One such possibility is that the user enters a PIN on a PIN pad on the token itself, or on the slot device. To modify the current user’s PIN on a token with such a protected authentication path, the pOldPin and pNewPin parameters to C_SetPIN should be NULL_PTR. During the execution of C_SetPIN, the current user will enter the old PIN and the new PIN through the protected authentication path. It is not specified how the PIN pad should be used to enter two PINs; this varies.
If the token has a protected authentication path other than a PIN pad, then it is token-dependent whether or not C_SetPIN can be used to modify the current user’s PIN.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_PIN_INCORRECT, CKR_PIN_INVALID, CKR_PIN_LEN_RANGE, CKR_PIN_LOCKED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY, CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_UTF8CHAR oldPin[] = {“OldPIN”};
CK_UTF8CHAR newPin[] = {“NewPIN”};
CK_RV rv;
rv = C_SetPIN(
hSession, oldPin, sizeof(oldPin)-1, newPin, sizeof(newPin)-1);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
A typical application might perform the following series of steps to make use of a token (note that there are other reasonable sequences of events that an application might perform):
1. Select a token.
2. Make one or more calls to C_OpenSession to obtain one or more sessions with the token.
3. Call C_Login to log the user into the token. Since all sessions an application has with a token have a shared login state, C_Login only needs to be called for one of the sessions.
4. Perform cryptographic operations using the sessions with the token.
5. Call C_CloseSession once for each session that the application has with the token, or call C_CloseAllSessions to close all the application’s sessions simultaneously.
As has been observed, an application may have concurrent sessions with more than one token. It is also possible for a token to have concurrent sessions with more than one application.
Cryptoki provides the following functions for session management:
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_OpenSession)(
CK_SLOT_ID slotID,
CK_FLAGS flags,
CK_VOID_PTR pApplication,
CK_NOTIFY Notify,
CK_SESSION_HANDLE_PTR phSession
);
C_OpenSession opens a session between an application and a token in a particular slot. slotID is the slot’s ID; flags indicates the type of session; pApplication is an application-defined pointer to be passed to the notification callback; Notify is the address of the notification callback function (see Section 5.16); phSession points to the location that receives the handle for the new session.
When opening a session with C_OpenSession, the flags parameter consists of the logical OR of zero or more bit flags defined in the CK_SESSION_INFO data type. For legacy reasons, the CKF_SERIAL_SESSION bit MUST always be set; if a call to C_OpenSession does not have this bit set, the call should return unsuccessfully with the error code CKR_SESSION_PARALLEL_NOT_SUPPORTED.
There may be a limit on the number of concurrent sessions an application may have with the token, which may depend on whether the session is “read-only” or “read/write”. An attempt to open a session which does not succeed because there are too many existing sessions of some type should return CKR_SESSION_COUNT.
If the token is write-protected (as indicated in the CK_TOKEN_INFO structure), then only read-only sessions may be opened with it.
If the application calling C_OpenSession already has a R/W SO session open with the token, then any attempt to open a R/O session with the token fails with error code CKR_SESSION_READ_WRITE_SO_EXISTS (see [PKCS11-UG] for further details).
The Notify callback function is used by Cryptoki to notify the application of certain events. If the application does not wish to support callbacks, it should pass a value of NULL_PTR as the Notify parameter. See Section 5.16 for more information about application callbacks.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_SESSION_COUNT, CKR_SESSION_PARALLEL_NOT_SUPPORTED, CKR_SESSION_READ_WRITE_SO_EXISTS, CKR_SLOT_ID_INVALID, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_RECOGNIZED, CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example: see C_CloseSession.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_CloseSession)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession
);
C_CloseSession closes a session between an application and a token. hSession is the session’s handle.
When a session is closed, all session objects created by the session are destroyed automatically, even if the application has other sessions “using” the objects (see [PKCS11-UG] for further details).
If this function is successful and it closes the last session between the application and the token, the login state of the token for the application returns to public sessions. Any new sessions to the token opened by the application will be either R/O Public or R/W Public sessions.
Depending on the token, when the last open session any application has with the token is closed, the token may be “ejected” from its reader (if this capability exists).
Despite the fact this C_CloseSession is supposed to close a session, the return value CKR_SESSION_CLOSED is an error return. It actually indicates the (probably somewhat unlikely) event that while this function call was executing, another call was made to C_CloseSession to close this particular session, and that call finished executing first. Such uses of sessions are a bad idea, and Cryptoki makes little promise of what will occur in general if an application indulges in this sort of behavior.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example:
CK_SLOT_ID slotID;
CK_BYTE application;
CK_NOTIFY MyNotify;
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
application = 17;
MyNotify = &EncryptionSessionCallback;
rv = C_OpenSession(
slotID, CKF_SERIAL_SESSION | CKF_RW_SESSION,
(CK_VOID_PTR) &application, MyNotify,
&hSession);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
C_CloseSession(hSession);
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_CloseAllSessions)(
CK_SLOT_ID slotID
);
C_CloseAllSessions closes all sessions an application has with a token. slotID specifies the token’s slot.
When a session is closed, all session objects created by the session are destroyed automatically.
After successful execution of this function, the login state of the token for the application returns to public sessions. Any new sessions to the token opened by the application will be either R/O Public or R/W Public sessions.
Depending on the token, when the last open session any application has with the token is closed, the token may be “ejected” from its reader (if this capability exists).
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_SLOT_ID_INVALID, CKR_TOKEN_NOT_PRESENT.
Example:
CK_SLOT_ID slotID;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_CloseAllSessions(slotID);
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetSessionInfo)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_SESSION_INFO_PTR pInfo
);
C_GetSessionInfo obtains information about a session. hSession is the session’s handle; pInfo points to the location that receives the session information.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_SESSION_INFO info;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_GetSessionInfo(hSession, &info);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
if (info.state == CKS_RW_USER_FUNCTIONS) {
.
.
}
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetOperationState)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pOperationState,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulOperationStateLen
);
C_GetOperationState obtains a copy of the cryptographic operations state of a session, encoded as a string of bytes. hSession is the session’s handle; pOperationState points to the location that receives the state; pulOperationStateLen points to the location that receives the length in bytes of the state.
Although the saved state output by C_GetOperationState is not really produced by a “cryptographic mechanism”, C_GetOperationState nonetheless uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
Precisely what the “cryptographic operations state” this function saves is varies from token to token; however, this state is what is provided as input to C_SetOperationState to restore the cryptographic activities of a session.
Consider a session which is performing a message digest operation using SHA-1 (i.e., the session is using the CKM_SHA_1 mechanism). Suppose that the message digest operation was initialized properly, and that precisely 80 bytes of data have been supplied so far as input to SHA-1. The application now wants to “save the state” of this digest operation, so that it can continue it later. In this particular case, since SHA-1 processes 512 bits (64 bytes) of input at a time, the cryptographic operations state of the session most likely consists of three distinct parts: the state of SHA-1’s 160-bit internal chaining variable; the 16 bytes of unprocessed input data; and some administrative data indicating that this saved state comes from a session which was performing SHA-1 hashing. Taken together, these three pieces of information suffice to continue the current hashing operation at a later time.
Consider next a session which is performing an encryption operation with DES (a block cipher with a block size of 64 bits) in CBC (cipher-block chaining) mode (i.e., the session is using the CKM_DES_CBC mechanism). Suppose that precisely 22 bytes of data (in addition to an IV for the CBC mode) have been supplied so far as input to DES, which means that the first two 8-byte blocks of ciphertext have already been produced and output. In this case, the cryptographic operations state of the session most likely consists of three or four distinct parts: the second 8-byte block of ciphertext (this will be used for cipher-block chaining to produce the next block of ciphertext); the 6 bytes of data still awaiting encryption; some administrative data indicating that this saved state comes from a session which was performing DES encryption in CBC mode; and possibly the DES key being used for encryption (see C_SetOperationState for more information on whether or not the key is present in the saved state).
If a session is performing two cryptographic operations simultaneously (see Section 5.12), then the cryptographic operations state of the session will contain all the necessary information to restore both operations.
An attempt to save the cryptographic operations state of a session which does not currently have some active savable cryptographic operation(s) (encryption, decryption, digesting, signing without message recovery, verification without message recovery, or some legal combination of two of these) should fail with the error CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED.
An attempt to save the cryptographic operations state of a session which is performing an appropriate cryptographic operation (or two), but which cannot be satisfied for any of various reasons (certain necessary state information and/or key information can’t leave the token, for example) should fail with the error CKR_STATE_UNSAVEABLE.
Return values: CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_STATE_UNSAVEABLE, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example: see C_SetOperationState.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_SetOperationState)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pOperationState,
CK_ULONG ulOperationStateLen,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hEncryptionKey,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hAuthenticationKey
);
C_SetOperationState restores the cryptographic operations state of a session from a string of bytes obtained with C_GetOperationState. hSession is the session’s handle; pOperationState points to the location holding the saved state; ulOperationStateLen holds the length of the saved state; hEncryptionKey holds a handle to the key which will be used for an ongoing encryption or decryption operation in the restored session (or 0 if no encryption or decryption key is needed, either because no such operation is ongoing in the stored session or because all the necessary key information is present in the saved state); hAuthenticationKey holds a handle to the key which will be used for an ongoing signature, MACing, or verification operation in the restored session (or 0 if no such key is needed, either because no such operation is ongoing in the stored session or because all the necessary key information is present in the saved state).
The state need not have been obtained from the same session (the “source session”) as it is being restored to (the “destination session”). However, the source session and destination session should have a common session state (e.g., CKS_RW_USER_FUNCTIONS), and should be with a common token. There is also no guarantee that cryptographic operations state may be carried across logins, or across different Cryptoki implementations.
If C_SetOperationState is supplied with alleged saved cryptographic operations state which it can determine is not valid saved state (or is cryptographic operations state from a session with a different session state, or is cryptographic operations state from a different token), it fails with the error CKR_SAVED_STATE_INVALID.
Saved state obtained from calls to C_GetOperationState may or may not contain information about keys in use for ongoing cryptographic operations. If a saved cryptographic operations state has an ongoing encryption or decryption operation, and the key in use for the operation is not saved in the state, then it MUST be supplied to C_SetOperationState in the hEncryptionKey argument. If it is not, then C_SetOperationState will fail and return the error CKR_KEY_NEEDED. If the key in use for the operation is saved in the state, then it can be supplied in the hEncryptionKey argument, but this is not required.
Similarly, if a saved cryptographic operations state has an ongoing signature, MACing, or verification operation, and the key in use for the operation is not saved in the state, then it MUST be supplied to C_SetOperationState in the hAuthenticationKey argument. If it is not, then C_SetOperationState will fail with the error CKR_KEY_NEEDED. If the key in use for the operation is saved in the state, then it can be supplied in the hAuthenticationKey argument, but this is not required.
If an irrelevant key is supplied to C_SetOperationState call (e.g., a nonzero key handle is submitted in the hEncryptionKey argument, but the saved cryptographic operations state supplied does not have an ongoing encryption or decryption operation, then C_SetOperationState fails with the error CKR_KEY_NOT_NEEDED.
If a key is supplied as an argument to C_SetOperationState, and C_SetOperationState can somehow detect that this key was not the key being used in the source session for the supplied cryptographic operations state (it may be able to detect this if the key or a hash of the key is present in the saved state, for example), then C_SetOperationState fails with the error CKR_KEY_CHANGED.
An application can look at the CKF_RESTORE_KEY_NOT_NEEDED flag in the flags field of the CK_TOKEN_INFO field for a token to determine whether or not it needs to supply key handles to C_SetOperationState calls. If this flag is true, then a call to C_SetOperationState never needs a key handle to be supplied to it. If this flag is false, then at least some of the time, C_SetOperationState requires a key handle, and so the application should probably always pass in any relevant key handles when restoring cryptographic operations state to a session.
C_SetOperationState can successfully restore cryptographic operations state to a session even if that session has active cryptographic or object search operations when C_SetOperationState is called (the ongoing operations are abruptly cancelled).
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_KEY_CHANGED, CKR_KEY_NEEDED, CKR_KEY_NOT_NEEDED, CKR_OK, CKR_SAVED_STATE_INVALID, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_MECHANISM digestMechanism;
CK_ULONG ulStateLen;
CK_BYTE data1[] = {0x01, 0x03, 0x05, 0x07};
CK_BYTE data2[] = {0x02, 0x04, 0x08};
CK_BYTE data3[] = {0x10, 0x0F, 0x0E, 0x0D, 0x0C};
CK_BYTE pDigest[20];
CK_ULONG ulDigestLen;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
/* Initialize hash operation */
rv = C_DigestInit(hSession, &digestMechanism);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* Start hashing */
rv = C_DigestUpdate(hSession, data1, sizeof(data1));
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* Find out how big the state might be */
rv = C_GetOperationState(hSession, NULL_PTR, &ulStateLen);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* Allocate some memory and then get the state */
pState = (CK_BYTE_PTR) malloc(ulStateLen);
rv = C_GetOperationState(hSession, pState, &ulStateLen);
/* Continue hashing */
rv = C_DigestUpdate(hSession, data2, sizeof(data2));
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* Restore state. No key handles needed */
rv = C_SetOperationState(hSession, pState, ulStateLen, 0, 0);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* Continue hashing from where we saved state */
rv = C_DigestUpdate(hSession, data3, sizeof(data3));
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
/* Conclude hashing operation */
ulDigestLen = sizeof(pDigest);
rv = C_DigestFinal(hSession, pDigest, &ulDigestLen);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
/* pDigest[] now contains the hash of 0x01030507100F0E0D0C */
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Login)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_USER_TYPE userType,
CK_UTF8CHAR_PTR pPin,
CK_ULONG ulPinLen
);
C_Login logs a user into a token. hSession is a session handle; userType is the user type; pPin points to the user’s PIN; ulPinLen is the length of the PIN. This standard allows PIN values to contain any valid UTF8 character, but the token may impose subset restrictions.
When the user type is either CKU_SO or CKU_USER, if the call succeeds, each of the application's sessions will enter either the "R/W SO Functions" state, the "R/W User Functions" state, or the "R/O User Functions" state. If the user type is CKU_CONTEXT_SPECIFIC , the behavior of C_Login depends on the context in which it is called. Improper use of this user type will result in a return value CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED..
If the token has a “protected authentication path”, as indicated by the CKF_PROTECTED_AUTHENTICATION_PATH flag in its CK_TOKEN_INFO being set, then that means that there is some way for a user to be authenticated to the token without having to send a PIN through the Cryptoki library. One such possibility is that the user enters a PIN on a PIN pad on the token itself, or on the slot device. Or the user might not even use a PIN—authentication could be achieved by some fingerprint-reading device, for example. To log into a token with a protected authentication path, the pPin parameter to C_Login should be NULL_PTR. When C_Login returns, whatever authentication method supported by the token will have been performed; a return value of CKR_OK means that the user was successfully authenticated, and a return value of CKR_PIN_INCORRECT means that the user was denied access.
If there are any active cryptographic or object finding operations in an application’s session, and then C_Login is successfully executed by that application, it may or may not be the case that those operations are still active. Therefore, before logging in, any active operations should be finished.
If the application calling C_Login has a R/O session open with the token, then it will be unable to log the SO into a session (see [PKCS11-UG] for further details). An attempt to do this will result in the error code CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY_EXISTS.
C_Login may be called repeatedly, without intervening C_Logout calls, if (and only if) a key with the CKA_ALWAYS_AUTHENTICATE attribute set to CK_TRUE exists, and the user needs to do cryptographic operation on this key. See further Section 4.9.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_PIN_INCORRECT, CKR_PIN_LOCKED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY_EXISTS, CKR_USER_ALREADY_LOGGED_IN, CKR_USER_ANOTHER_ALREADY_LOGGED_IN, CKR_USER_PIN_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_USER_TOO_MANY_TYPES, CKR_USER_TYPE_INVALID.
Example: see C_Logout.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Logout)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession
);
C_Logout logs a user out from a token. hSession is the session’s handle.
Depending on the current user type, if the call succeeds, each of the application’s sessions will enter either the “R/W Public Session” state or the “R/O Public Session” state.
When C_Logout successfully executes, any of the application’s handles to private objects become invalid (even if a user is later logged back into the token, those handles remain invalid). In addition, all private session objects from sessions belonging to the application are destroyed.
If there are any active cryptographic or object-finding operations in an application’s session, and then C_Logout is successfully executed by that application, it may or may not be the case that those operations are still active. Therefore, before logging out, any active operations should be finished.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_UTF8CHAR userPIN[] = {“MyPIN”};
CK_RV rv;
rv = C_Login(hSession, CKU_USER, userPIN, sizeof(userPIN)-1);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
rv == C_Logout(hSession);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
}
Cryptoki provides the following functions for managing objects. Additional functions provided specifically for managing key objects are described in Section 5.13.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_CreateObject)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR pTemplate,
CK_ULONG ulCount,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE_PTR phObject
);
C_CreateObject creates a new object. hSession is the session’s handle; pTemplate points to the object’s template; ulCount is the number of attributes in the template; phObject points to the location that receives the new object’s handle.
If a call to C_CreateObject cannot support the precise template supplied to it, it will fail and return without creating any object.
If C_CreateObject is used to create a key object, the key object will have its CKA_LOCAL attribute set to CK_FALSE. If that key object is a secret or private key then the new key will have the CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute set to CK_FALSE, and the CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute set to CK_FALSE.
Only session objects can be created during a read-only session. Only public objects can be created unless the normal user is logged in.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_READ_ONLY, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_INVALID, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_CURVE_NOT_SUPPORTED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_DOMAIN_PARAMS_INVALID, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY, CKR_TEMPLATE_INCOMPLETE, CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT, CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE
hData,
hCertificate,
hKey;
CK_OBJECT_CLASS
dataClass = CKO_DATA,
certificateClass = CKO_CERTIFICATE,
keyClass = CKO_PUBLIC_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_RSA;
CK_UTF8CHAR application[] = {“My Application”};
CK_BYTE dataValue[] = {...};
CK_BYTE subject[] = {...};
CK_BYTE id[] = {...};
CK_BYTE certificateValue[] = {...};
CK_BYTE modulus[] = {...};
CK_BYTE exponent[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE dataTemplate[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &dataClass, sizeof(dataClass)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_APPLICATION, application, sizeof(application)-1},
{CKA_VALUE, dataValue, sizeof(dataValue)}
};
CK_ATTRIBUTE certificateTemplate[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &certificateClass, sizeof(certificateClass)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_SUBJECT, subject, sizeof(subject)},
{CKA_ID, id, sizeof(id)},
{CKA_VALUE, certificateValue, sizeof(certificateValue)}
};
CK_ATTRIBUTE keyTemplate[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &keyClass, sizeof(keyClass)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_WRAP, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_MODULUS, modulus, sizeof(modulus)},
{CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, exponent, sizeof(exponent)}
};
CK_RV rv;
.
.
/* Create a data object */
rv = C_CreateObject(hSession, &dataTemplate, 4, &hData);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
/* Create a certificate object */
rv = C_CreateObject(
hSession, &certificateTemplate, 5, &hCertificate);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
/* Create an RSA public key object */
rv = C_CreateObject(hSession, &keyTemplate, 5, &hKey);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_CopyObject)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject,
CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR pTemplate,
CK_ULONG ulCount,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE_PTR phNewObject
);
C_CopyObject copies an object, creating a new object for the copy. hSession is the session’s handle; hObject is the object’s handle; pTemplate points to the template for the new object; ulCount is the number of attributes in the template; phNewObject points to the location that receives the handle for the copy of the object.
The template may specify new values for any attributes of the object that can ordinarily be modified (e.g., in the course of copying a secret key, a key’s CKA_EXTRACTABLE attribute may be changed from CK_TRUE to CK_FALSE, but not the other way around. If this change is made, the new key’s CKA_NEVER_EXTRACTABLE attribute will have the value CK_FALSE. Similarly, the template may specify that the new key’s CKA_SENSITIVE attribute be CK_TRUE; the new key will have the same value for its CKA_ALWAYS_SENSITIVE attribute as the original key). It may also specify new values of the CKA_TOKEN and CKA_PRIVATE attributes (e.g., to copy a session object to a token object). If the template specifies a value of an attribute which is incompatible with other existing attributes of the object, the call fails with the return code CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT.
If a call to C_CopyObject cannot support the precise template supplied to it, it will fail and return without creating any object. If the object indicated by hObject has its CKA_COPYABLE attribute set to CK_FALSE, C_CopyObject will return CKR_ACTION_PROHIBITED.
Only session objects can be created during a read-only session. Only public objects can be created unless the normal user is logged in.
Return values: , CKR_ACTION_PROHIBITED, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_READ_ONLY, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_INVALID, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OBJECT_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY, CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT, CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey, hNewKey;
CK_OBJECT_CLASS keyClass = CKO_SECRET_KEY;
CK_KEY_TYPE keyType = CKK_DES;
CK_BYTE id[] = {...};
CK_BYTE keyValue[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL false = CK_FALSE;
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE keyTemplate[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &keyClass, sizeof(keyClass)},
{CKA_KEY_TYPE, &keyType, sizeof(keyType)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &false, sizeof(false)},
{CKA_ID, id, sizeof(id)},
{CKA_VALUE, keyValue, sizeof(keyValue)}
};
CK_ATTRIBUTE copyTemplate[] = {
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)}
};
CK_RV rv;
.
.
/* Create a DES secret key session object */
rv = C_CreateObject(hSession, &keyTemplate, 5, &hKey);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
/* Create a copy which is a token object */
rv = C_CopyObject(hSession, hKey, ©Template, 1, &hNewKey);
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_DestroyObject)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject
);
C_DestroyObject destroys an object. hSession is the session’s handle; and hObject is the object’s handle.
Only session objects can be destroyed during a read-only session. Only public objects can be destroyed unless the normal user is logged in.
Certain objects may not be destroyed. Calling C_DestroyObject on such objects will result in the CKR_ACTION_PROHIBITED error code. An application can consult the object's CKA_DESTROYABLE attribute to determine if an object may be destroyed or not.
Return values: , CKR_ACTION_PROHIBITED, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OBJECT_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY, CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED.
Example: see C_GetObjectSize.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetObjectSize)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulSize
);
C_GetObjectSize gets the size of an object in bytes. hSession is the session’s handle; hObject is the object’s handle; pulSize points to the location that receives the size in bytes of the object.
Cryptoki does not specify what the precise meaning of an object’s size is. Intuitively, it is some measure of how much token memory the object takes up. If an application deletes (say) a private object of size S, it might be reasonable to assume that the ulFreePrivateMemory field of the token’s CK_TOKEN_INFO structure increases by approximately S.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_INFORMATION_SENSITIVE, CKR_OBJECT_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject;
CK_OBJECT_CLASS dataClass = CKO_DATA;
CK_UTF8CHAR application[] = {“My Application”};
CK_BYTE dataValue[] = {...};
CK_BYTE value[] = {...};
CK_BBOOL true = CK_TRUE;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_CLASS, &dataClass, sizeof(dataClass)},
{CKA_TOKEN, &true, sizeof(true)},
{CKA_APPLICATION, application, sizeof(application)-1},
{CKA_VALUE, value, sizeof(value)}
};
CK_ULONG ulSize;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_CreateObject(hSession, &template, 4, &hObject);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
rv = C_GetObjectSize(hSession, hObject, &ulSize);
if (rv != CKR_INFORMATION_SENSITIVE) {
.
.
}
rv = C_DestroyObject(hSession, hObject);
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_GetAttributeValue)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject,
CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR pTemplate,
CK_ULONG ulCount
);
C_GetAttributeValue obtains the value of one or more attributes of an object. hSession is the session’s handle; hObject is the object’s handle; pTemplate points to a template that specifies which attribute values are to be obtained, and receives the attribute values; ulCount is the number of attributes in the template.
For each (type, pValue, ulValueLen) triple in the template, C_GetAttributeValue performs the following algorithm:
1. If the specified attribute (i.e., the attribute specified by the type field) for the object cannot be revealed because the object is sensitive or unextractable, then the ulValueLen field in that triple is modified to hold the value CK_UNAVAILABLE_INFORMATION.
2. Otherwise, if the specified value for the object is invalid (the object does not possess such an attribute), then the ulValueLen field in that triple is modified to hold the value CK_UNAVAILABLE_INFORMATION.
3. Otherwise, if the pValue field has the value NULL_PTR, then the ulValueLen field is modified to hold the exact length of the specified attribute for the object.
4. Otherwise, if the length specified in ulValueLen is large enough to hold the value of the specified attribute for the object, then that attribute is copied into the buffer located at pValue, and the ulValueLen field is modified to hold the exact length of the attribute.
5. Otherwise, the ulValueLen field is modified to hold the value CK_UNAVAILABLE_INFORMATION.
If case 1 applies to any of the requested attributes, then the call should return the value CKR_ATTRIBUTE_SENSITIVE. If case 2 applies to any of the requested attributes, then the call should return the value CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID. If case 5 applies to any of the requested attributes, then the call should return the value CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL. As usual, if more than one of these error codes is applicable, Cryptoki may return any of them. Only if none of them applies to any of the requested attributes will CKR_OK be returned.
In the special case of an attribute whose value is an array of attributes, for example CKA_WRAP_TEMPLATE, where it is passed in with pValue not NULL, then if the pValue of elements within the array is NULL_PTR then the ulValueLen of elements within the array will be set to the required length. If the pValue of elements within the array is not NULL_PTR, then the ulValueLen element of attributes within the array MUST reflect the space that the corresponding pValue points to, and pValue is filled in if there is sufficient room. Therefore it is important to initialize the contents of a buffer before calling C_GetAttributeValue to get such an array value. If any ulValueLen within the array isn't large enough, it will be set to CK_UNAVAILABLE_INFORMATION and the function will return CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, as it does if an attribute in the pTemplate argument has ulValueLen too small. Note that any attribute whose value is an array of attributes is identifiable by virtue of the attribute type having the CKF_ARRAY_ATTRIBUTE bit set.
Note that the error codes CKR_ATTRIBUTE_SENSITIVE, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID, and CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL do not denote true errors for C_GetAttributeValue. If a call to C_GetAttributeValue returns any of these three values, then the call MUST nonetheless have processed every attribute in the template supplied to C_GetAttributeValue. Each attribute in the template whose value can be returned by the call to C_GetAttributeValue will be returned by the call to C_GetAttributeValue.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_SENSITIVE, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OBJECT_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject;
CK_BYTE_PTR pModulus, pExponent;
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
{CKA_MODULUS, NULL_PTR, 0},
{CKA_PUBLIC_EXPONENT, NULL_PTR, 0}
};
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_GetAttributeValue(hSession, hObject, &template, 2);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
pModulus = (CK_BYTE_PTR) malloc(template[0].ulValueLen);
template[0].pValue = pModulus;
/* template[0].ulValueLen was set by C_GetAttributeValue */
pExponent = (CK_BYTE_PTR) malloc(template[1].ulValueLen);
template[1].pValue = pExponent;
/* template[1].ulValueLen was set by C_GetAttributeValue */
rv = C_GetAttributeValue(hSession, hObject, &template, 2);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
free(pModulus);
free(pExponent);
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_SetAttributeValue)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject,
CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR pTemplate,
CK_ULONG ulCount
);
C_SetAttributeValue modifies the value of one or more attributes of an object. hSession is the session’s handle; hObject is the object’s handle; pTemplate points to a template that specifies which attribute values are to be modified and their new values; ulCount is the number of attributes in the template.
Certain objects may not be modified. Calling C_SetAttributeValue on such objects will result in the CKR_ACTION_PROHIBITED error code. An application can consult the object's CKA_MODIFIABLE attribute to determine if an object may be modified or not.
Only session objects can be modified during a read-only session.
The template may specify new values for any attributes of the object that can be modified. If the template specifies a value of an attribute which is incompatible with other existing attributes of the object, the call fails with the return code CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT.
Not all attributes can be modified; see Section 4.1.2 for more details.
Return values: CKR_ACTION_PROHIBITED, CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_READ_ONLY, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_INVALID, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OBJECT_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_SESSION_READ_ONLY, CKR_TEMPLATE_INCONSISTENT, CKR_TOKEN_WRITE_PROTECTED, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject;
CK_UTF8CHAR label[] = {“New label”};
CK_ATTRIBUTE template[] = {
CKA_LABEL, label, sizeof(label)-1
};
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_SetAttributeValue(hSession, hObject, &template, 1);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_FindObjectsInit)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_ATTRIBUTE_PTR pTemplate,
CK_ULONG ulCount
);
C_FindObjectsInit initializes a search for token and session objects that match a template. hSession is the session’s handle; pTemplate points to a search template that specifies the attribute values to match; ulCount is the number of attributes in the search template. The matching criterion is an exact byte-for-byte match with all attributes in the template. To find all objects, set ulCount to 0.
After calling C_FindObjectsInit, the application may call C_FindObjects one or more times to obtain handles for objects matching the template, and then eventually call C_FindObjectsFinal to finish the active search operation. At most one search operation may be active at a given time in a given session.
The object search operation will only find objects that the session can view. For example, an object search in an “R/W Public Session” will not find any private objects (even if one of the attributes in the search template specifies that the search is for private objects).
If a search operation is active, and objects are created or destroyed which fit the search template for the active search operation, then those objects may or may not be found by the search operation. Note that this means that, under these circumstances, the search operation may return invalid object handles.
Even though C_FindObjectsInit can return the values CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID and CKR_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_INVALID, it is not required to. For example, if it is given a search template with nonexistent attributes in it, it can return CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID, or it can initialize a search operation which will match no objects and return CKR_OK.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_TYPE_INVALID, CKR_ATTRIBUTE_VALUE_INVALID, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_ACTIVE, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example: see C_FindObjectsFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_FindObjects)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE_PTR phObject,
CK_ULONG ulMaxObjectCount,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulObjectCount
);
C_FindObjects continues a search for token and session objects that match a template, obtaining additional object handles. hSession is the session’s handle; phObject points to the location that receives the list (array) of additional object handles; ulMaxObjectCount is the maximum number of object handles to be returned; pulObjectCount points to the location that receives the actual number of object handles returned.
If there are no more objects matching the template, then the location that pulObjectCount points to receives the value 0.
The search MUST have been initialized with C_FindObjectsInit.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example: see C_FindObjectsFinal.

Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hObject;
CK_ULONG ulObjectCount;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_FindObjectsInit(hSession, NULL_PTR, 0);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
while (1) {
rv = C_FindObjects(hSession, &hObject, 1, &ulObjectCount);
if (rv != CKR_OK || ulObjectCount == 0)
break;
.
.
}
rv = C_FindObjectsFinal(hSession);
assert(rv == CKR_OK);
Cryptoki provides the following functions for encrypting data:
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_EncryptInit)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey
);
C_EncryptInit initializes an encryption operation. hSession is the session’s handle; pMechanism points to the encryption mechanism; hKey is the handle of the encryption key.
The CKA_ENCRYPT attribute of the encryption key, which indicates whether the key supports encryption, MUST be CK_TRUE.
After calling C_EncryptInit, the application can either call C_Encrypt to encrypt data in a single part; or call C_EncryptUpdate zero or more times, followed by C_EncryptFinal, to encrypt data in multiple parts. The encryption operation is active until the application uses a call to C_Encrypt or C_EncryptFinal to actually obtain the final piece of ciphertext. To process additional data (in single or multiple parts), the application MUST call C_EncryptInit again.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_KEY_FUNCTION_NOT_PERMITTED, CKR_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_KEY_SIZE_RANGE, CKR_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT, CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID, CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_ACTIVE, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: see C_EncryptFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Encrypt)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pData,
CK_ULONG ulDataLen,
CK_BYTE_PTR pEncryptedData,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulEncryptedDataLen
);
C_Encrypt encrypts single-part data. hSession is the session’s handle; pData points to the data; ulDataLen is the length in bytes of the data; pEncryptedData points to the location that receives the encrypted data; pulEncryptedDataLen points to the location that holds the length in bytes of the encrypted data.
C_Encrypt uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The encryption operation MUST have been initialized with C_EncryptInit. A call to C_Encrypt always terminates the active encryption operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the ciphertext.
C_Encrypt cannot be used to terminate a multi-part operation, and MUST be called after C_EncryptInit without intervening C_EncryptUpdate calls.
For some encryption mechanisms, the input plaintext data has certain length constraints (either because the mechanism can only encrypt relatively short pieces of plaintext, or because the mechanism’s input data MUST consist of an integral number of blocks). If these constraints are not satisfied, then C_Encrypt will fail with return code CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE.
The plaintext and ciphertext can be in the same place, i.e., it is OK if pData and pEncryptedData point to the same location.
For most mechanisms, C_Encrypt is equivalent to a sequence of C_EncryptUpdate operations followed by C_EncryptFinal.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_INVALID, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example: see C_EncryptFinal for an example of similar functions.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_EncryptUpdate)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pPart,
CK_ULONG ulPartLen,
CK_BYTE_PTR pEncryptedPart,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulEncryptedPartLen
);
C_EncryptUpdate continues a multiple-part encryption operation, processing another data part. hSession is the session’s handle; pPart points to the data part; ulPartLen is the length of the data part; pEncryptedPart points to the location that receives the encrypted data part; pulEncryptedPartLen points to the location that holds the length in bytes of the encrypted data part.
C_EncryptUpdate uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The encryption operation MUST have been initialized with C_EncryptInit. This function may be called any number of times in succession. A call to C_EncryptUpdate which results in an error other than CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL terminates the current encryption operation.
The plaintext and ciphertext can be in the same place, i.e., it is OK if pPart and pEncryptedPart point to the same location.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example: see C_EncryptFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_EncryptFinal)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pLastEncryptedPart,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulLastEncryptedPartLen
);
C_EncryptFinal finishes a multiple-part encryption operation. hSession is the session’s handle; pLastEncryptedPart points to the location that receives the last encrypted data part, if any; pulLastEncryptedPartLen points to the location that holds the length of the last encrypted data part.
C_EncryptFinal uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The encryption operation MUST have been initialized with C_EncryptInit. A call to C_EncryptFinal always terminates the active encryption operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the ciphertext.
For some multi-part encryption mechanisms, the input plaintext data has certain length constraints, because the mechanism’s input data MUST consist of an integral number of blocks. If these constraints are not satisfied, then C_EncryptFinal will fail with return code CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example:
#define PLAINTEXT_BUF_SZ 200
#define CIPHERTEXT_BUF_SZ 256
CK_ULONG firstPieceLen, secondPieceLen;
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey;
CK_BYTE iv[8];
CK_MECHANISM mechanism = {
CKM_DES_CBC_PAD, iv, sizeof(iv)
};
CK_BYTE data[PLAINTEXT_BUF_SZ];
CK_BYTE encryptedData[CIPHERTEXT_BUF_SZ];
CK_ULONG ulEncryptedData1Len;
CK_ULONG ulEncryptedData2Len;
CK_ULONG ulEncryptedData3Len;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
firstPieceLen = 90;
secondPieceLen = PLAINTEXT_BUF_SZ-firstPieceLen;
rv = C_EncryptInit(hSession, &mechanism, hKey);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
/* Encrypt first piece */
ulEncryptedData1Len = sizeof(encryptedData);
rv = C_EncryptUpdate(
hSession,
&data[0], firstPieceLen,
&encryptedData[0], &ulEncryptedData1Len);
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
/* Encrypt second piece */
ulEncryptedData2Len = sizeof(encryptedData)-ulEncryptedData1Len;
rv = C_EncryptUpdate(
hSession,
&data[firstPieceLen], secondPieceLen,
&encryptedData[ulEncryptedData1Len], &ulEncryptedData2Len);
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
/* Get last little encrypted bit */
ulEncryptedData3Len =
sizeof(encryptedData)-ulEncryptedData1Len-ulEncryptedData2Len;
rv = C_EncryptFinal(
hSession,
&encryptedData[ulEncryptedData1Len+ulEncryptedData2Len],
&ulEncryptedData3Len);
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
}
Cryptoki provides the following functions for decrypting data:
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_DecryptInit)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey
);
C_DecryptInit initializes a decryption operation. hSession is the session’s handle; pMechanism points to the decryption mechanism; hKey is the handle of the decryption key.
The CKA_DECRYPT attribute of the decryption key, which indicates whether the key supports decryption, MUST be CK_TRUE.
After calling C_DecryptInit, the application can either call C_Decrypt to decrypt data in a single part; or call C_DecryptUpdate zero or more times, followed by C_DecryptFinal, to decrypt data in multiple parts. The decryption operation is active until the application uses a call to C_Decrypt or C_DecryptFinal to actually obtain the final piece of plaintext. To process additional data (in single or multiple parts), the application MUST call C_DecryptInit again
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_KEY_FUNCTION_NOT_PERMITTED, CKR_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_KEY_SIZE_RANGE, CKR_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT, CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID, CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_ACTIVE, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: see C_DecryptFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Decrypt)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pEncryptedData,
CK_ULONG ulEncryptedDataLen,
CK_BYTE_PTR pData,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulDataLen
);
C_Decrypt decrypts encrypted data in a single part. hSession is the session’s handle; pEncryptedData points to the encrypted data; ulEncryptedDataLen is the length of the encrypted data; pData points to the location that receives the recovered data; pulDataLen points to the location that holds the length of the recovered data.
C_Decrypt uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The decryption operation MUST have been initialized with C_DecryptInit. A call to C_Decrypt always terminates the active decryption operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the plaintext.
C_Decrypt cannot be used to terminate a multi-part operation, and MUST be called after C_DecryptInit without intervening C_DecryptUpdate calls.
The ciphertext and plaintext can be in the same place, i.e., it is OK if pEncryptedData and pData point to the same location.
If the input ciphertext data cannot be decrypted because it has an inappropriate length, then either CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID or CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_LEN_RANGE may be returned.
For most mechanisms, C_Decrypt is equivalent to a sequence of C_DecryptUpdate operations followed by C_DecryptFinal.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID, CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: see C_DecryptFinal for an example of similar functions.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_DecryptUpdate)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pEncryptedPart,
CK_ULONG ulEncryptedPartLen,
CK_BYTE_PTR pPart,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulPartLen
);
C_DecryptUpdate continues a multiple-part decryption operation, processing another encrypted data part. hSession is the session’s handle; pEncryptedPart points to the encrypted data part; ulEncryptedPartLen is the length of the encrypted data part; pPart points to the location that receives the recovered data part; pulPartLen points to the location that holds the length of the recovered data part.
C_DecryptUpdate uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The decryption operation MUST have been initialized with C_DecryptInit. This function may be called any number of times in succession. A call to C_DecryptUpdate which results in an error other than CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL terminates the current decryption operation.
The ciphertext and plaintext can be in the same place, i.e., it is OK if pEncryptedPart and pPart point to the same location.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID, CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: See C_DecryptFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_DecryptFinal)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pLastPart,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulLastPartLen
);
C_DecryptFinal finishes a multiple-part decryption operation. hSession is the session’s handle; pLastPart points to the location that receives the last recovered data part, if any; pulLastPartLen points to the location that holds the length of the last recovered data part.
C_DecryptFinal uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The decryption operation MUST have been initialized with C_DecryptInit. A call to C_DecryptFinal always terminates the active decryption operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the plaintext.
If the input ciphertext data cannot be decrypted because it has an inappropriate length, then either CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID or CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_LEN_RANGE may be returned.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_INVALID, CKR_ENCRYPTED_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
#define CIPHERTEXT_BUF_SZ 256
#define PLAINTEXT_BUF_SZ 256
CK_ULONG firstEncryptedPieceLen, secondEncryptedPieceLen;
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey;
CK_BYTE iv[8];
CK_MECHANISM mechanism = {
CKM_DES_CBC_PAD, iv, sizeof(iv)
};
CK_BYTE data[PLAINTEXT_BUF_SZ];
CK_BYTE encryptedData[CIPHERTEXT_BUF_SZ];
CK_ULONG ulData1Len, ulData2Len, ulData3Len;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
firstEncryptedPieceLen = 90;
secondEncryptedPieceLen = CIPHERTEXT_BUF_SZ-firstEncryptedPieceLen;
rv = C_DecryptInit(hSession, &mechanism, hKey);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
/* Decrypt first piece */
ulData1Len = sizeof(data);
rv = C_DecryptUpdate(
hSession,
&encryptedData[0], firstEncryptedPieceLen,
&data[0], &ulData1Len);
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
/* Decrypt second piece */
ulData2Len = sizeof(data)-ulData1Len;
rv = C_DecryptUpdate(
hSession,
&encryptedData[firstEncryptedPieceLen],
secondEncryptedPieceLen,
&data[ulData1Len], &ulData2Len);
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
/* Get last little decrypted bit */
ulData3Len = sizeof(data)-ulData1Len-ulData2Len;
rv = C_DecryptFinal(
hSession,
&data[ulData1Len+ulData2Len], &ulData3Len);
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
}
Cryptoki provides the following functions for digesting data:
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_DigestInit)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism
);
C_DigestInit initializes a message-digesting operation. hSession is the session’s handle; pMechanism points to the digesting mechanism.
After calling C_DigestInit, the application can either call C_Digest to digest data in a single part; or call C_DigestUpdate zero or more times, followed by C_DigestFinal, to digest data in multiple parts. The message-digesting operation is active until the application uses a call to C_Digest or C_DigestFinal to actually obtain the message digest. To process additional data (in single or multiple parts), the application MUST call C_DigestInit again.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID, CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_ACTIVE, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: see C_DigestFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Digest)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pData,
CK_ULONG ulDataLen,
CK_BYTE_PTR pDigest,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulDigestLen
);
C_Digest digests data in a single part. hSession is the session’s handle, pData points to the data; ulDataLen is the length of the data; pDigest points to the location that receives the message digest; pulDigestLen points to the location that holds the length of the message digest.
C_Digest uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The digest operation MUST have been initialized with C_DigestInit. A call to C_Digest always terminates the active digest operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the message digest.
C_Digest cannot be used to terminate a multi-part operation, and MUST be called after C_DigestInit without intervening C_DigestUpdate calls.
The input data and digest output can be in the same place, i.e., it is OK if pData and pDigest point to the same location.
C_Digest is equivalent to a sequence of C_DigestUpdate operations followed by C_DigestFinal.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example: see C_DigestFinal for an example of similar functions.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_DigestUpdate)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pPart,
CK_ULONG ulPartLen
);
C_DigestUpdate continues a multiple-part message-digesting operation, processing another data part. hSession is the session’s handle, pPart points to the data part; ulPartLen is the length of the data part.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example: see C_DigestFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_DigestKey)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey
);
C_DigestKey continues a multiple-part message-digesting operation by digesting the value of a secret key. hSession is the session’s handle; hKey is the handle of the secret key to be digested.
The message-digesting operation MUST have been initialized with C_DigestInit. Calls to this function and C_DigestUpdate may be interspersed any number of times in any order.
If the value of the supplied key cannot be digested purely for some reason related to its length, C_DigestKey should return the error code CKR_KEY_SIZE_RANGE.
Return values: CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_KEY_INDIGESTIBLE, CKR_KEY_SIZE_RANGE, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example: see C_DigestFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_DigestFinal)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pDigest,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulDigestLen
);
C_DigestFinal finishes a multiple-part message-digesting operation, returning the message digest. hSession is the session’s handle; pDigest points to the location that receives the message digest; pulDigestLen points to the location that holds the length of the message digest.
C_DigestFinal uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The digest operation MUST have been initialized with C_DigestInit. A call to C_DigestFinal always terminates the active digest operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the message digest.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_MECHANISM mechanism = {
CKM_MD5, NULL_PTR, 0
};
CK_BYTE data[] = {...};
CK_BYTE digest[16];
CK_ULONG ulDigestLen;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_DigestInit(hSession, &mechanism);
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
rv = C_DigestUpdate(hSession, data, sizeof(data));
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
rv = C_DigestKey(hSession, hKey);
if (rv != CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
ulDigestLen = sizeof(digest);
rv = C_DigestFinal(hSession, digest, &ulDigestLen);
.
.
Cryptoki provides the following functions for signing data (for the purposes of Cryptoki, these operations also encompass message authentication codes):
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_SignInit)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey
);
C_SignInit initializes a signature operation, where the signature is an appendix to the data. hSession is the session’s handle; pMechanism points to the signature mechanism; hKey is the handle of the signature key.
The CKA_SIGN attribute of the signature key, which indicates whether the key supports signatures with appendix, MUST be CK_TRUE.
After calling C_SignInit, the application can either call C_Sign to sign in a single part; or call C_SignUpdate one or more times, followed by C_SignFinal, to sign data in multiple parts. The signature operation is active until the application uses a call to C_Sign or C_SignFinal to actually obtain the signature. To process additional data (in single or multiple parts), the application MUST call C_SignInit again.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_KEY_FUNCTION_NOT_PERMITTED,CKR_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_KEY_SIZE_RANGE, CKR_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT, CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID, CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_ACTIVE, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: see C_SignFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Sign)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pData,
CK_ULONG ulDataLen,
CK_BYTE_PTR pSignature,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulSignatureLen
);
C_Sign signs data in a single part, where the signature is an appendix to the data. hSession is the session’s handle; pData points to the data; ulDataLen is the length of the data; pSignature points to the location that receives the signature; pulSignatureLen points to the location that holds the length of the signature.
C_Sign uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The signing operation MUST have been initialized with C_SignInit. A call to C_Sign always terminates the active signing operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the signature.
C_Sign cannot be used to terminate a multi-part operation, and MUST be called after C_SignInit without intervening C_SignUpdate calls.
For most mechanisms, C_Sign is equivalent to a sequence of C_SignUpdate operations followed by C_SignFinal.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_INVALID, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN, CKR_FUNCTION_REJECTED.
Example: see C_SignFinal for an example of similar functions.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_SignUpdate)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pPart,
CK_ULONG ulPartLen
);
C_SignUpdate continues a multiple-part signature operation, processing another data part. hSession is the session’s handle, pPart points to the data part; ulPartLen is the length of the data part.
The signature operation MUST have been initialized with C_SignInit. This function may be called any number of times in succession. A call to C_SignUpdate which results in an error terminates the current signature operation.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: see C_SignFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_SignFinal)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pSignature,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulSignatureLen
);
C_SignFinal finishes a multiple-part signature operation, returning the signature. hSession is the session’s handle; pSignature points to the location that receives the signature; pulSignatureLen points to the location that holds the length of the signature.
C_SignFinal uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The signing operation MUST have been initialized with C_SignInit. A call to C_SignFinal always terminates the active signing operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the signature.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN, CKR_FUNCTION_REJECTED.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey;
CK_MECHANISM mechanism = {
CKM_DES_MAC, NULL_PTR, 0
};
CK_BYTE data[] = {...};
CK_BYTE mac[4];
CK_ULONG ulMacLen;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_SignInit(hSession, &mechanism, hKey);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
rv = C_SignUpdate(hSession, data, sizeof(data));
.
.
ulMacLen = sizeof(mac);
rv = C_SignFinal(hSession, mac, &ulMacLen);
.
.
}
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_SignRecoverInit)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey
);
C_SignRecoverInit initializes a signature operation, where the data can be recovered from the signature. hSession is the session’s handle; pMechanism points to the structure that specifies the signature mechanism; hKey is the handle of the signature key.
The CKA_SIGN_RECOVER attribute of the signature key, which indicates whether the key supports signatures where the data can be recovered from the signature, MUST be CK_TRUE.
After calling C_SignRecoverInit, the application may call C_SignRecover to sign in a single part. The signature operation is active until the application uses a call to C_SignRecover to actually obtain the signature. To process additional data in a single part, the application MUST call C_SignRecoverInit again.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_KEY_FUNCTION_NOT_PERMITTED, CKR_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_KEY_SIZE_RANGE, CKR_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT, CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID, CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_ACTIVE, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: see C_SignRecover.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_SignRecover)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pData,
CK_ULONG ulDataLen,
CK_BYTE_PTR pSignature,
CK_ULONG_PTR pulSignatureLen
);
C_SignRecover signs data in a single operation, where the data can be recovered from the signature. hSession is the session’s handle; pData points to the data; uLDataLen is the length of the data; pSignature points to the location that receives the signature; pulSignatureLen points to the location that holds the length of the signature.
C_SignRecover uses the convention described in Section 5.2 on producing output.
The signing operation MUST have been initialized with C_SignRecoverInit. A call to C_SignRecover always terminates the active signing operation unless it returns CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL or is a successful call (i.e., one which returns CKR_OK) to determine the length of the buffer needed to hold the signature.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_BUFFER_TOO_SMALL, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_INVALID, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example:
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession;
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey;
CK_MECHANISM mechanism = {
CKM_RSA_9796, NULL_PTR, 0
};
CK_BYTE data[] = {...};
CK_BYTE signature[128];
CK_ULONG ulSignatureLen;
CK_RV rv;
.
.
rv = C_SignRecoverInit(hSession, &mechanism, hKey);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
ulSignatureLen = sizeof(signature);
rv = C_SignRecover(
hSession, data, sizeof(data), signature, &ulSignatureLen);
if (rv == CKR_OK) {
.
.
}
}
Cryptoki provides the following functions for verifying signatures on data (for the purposes of Cryptoki, these operations also encompass message authentication codes):
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_VerifyInit)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_MECHANISM_PTR pMechanism,
CK_OBJECT_HANDLE hKey
);
C_VerifyInit initializes a verification operation, where the signature is an appendix to the data. hSession is the session’s handle; pMechanism points to the structure that specifies the verification mechanism; hKey is the handle of the verification key.
The CKA_VERIFY attribute of the verification key, which indicates whether the key supports verification where the signature is an appendix to the data, MUST be CK_TRUE.
After calling C_VerifyInit, the application can either call C_Verify to verify a signature on data in a single part; or call C_VerifyUpdate one or more times, followed by C_VerifyFinal, to verify a signature on data in multiple parts. The verification operation is active until the application calls C_Verify or C_VerifyFinal. To process additional data (in single or multiple parts), the application MUST call C_VerifyInit again.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_KEY_FUNCTION_NOT_PERMITTED, CKR_KEY_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_KEY_SIZE_RANGE, CKR_KEY_TYPE_INCONSISTENT, CKR_MECHANISM_INVALID, CKR_MECHANISM_PARAM_INVALID, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_ACTIVE, CKR_PIN_EXPIRED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_USER_NOT_LOGGED_IN.
Example: see C_VerifyFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_Verify)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pData,
CK_ULONG ulDataLen,
CK_BYTE_PTR pSignature,
CK_ULONG ulSignatureLen
);
C_Verify verifies a signature in a single-part operation, where the signature is an appendix to the data. hSession is the session’s handle; pData points to the data; ulDataLen is the length of the data; pSignature points to the signature; ulSignatureLen is the length of the signature.
The verification operation MUST have been initialized with C_VerifyInit. A call to C_Verify always terminates the active verification operation.
A successful call to C_Verify should return either the value CKR_OK (indicating that the supplied signature is valid) or CKR_SIGNATURE_INVALID (indicating that the supplied signature is invalid). If the signature can be seen to be invalid purely on the basis of its length, then CKR_SIGNATURE_LEN_RANGE should be returned. In any of these cases, the active signing operation is terminated.
C_Verify cannot be used to terminate a multi-part operation, and MUST be called after C_VerifyInit without intervening C_VerifyUpdate calls.
For most mechanisms, C_Verify is equivalent to a sequence of C_VerifyUpdate operations followed by C_VerifyFinal.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_INVALID, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID, CKR_SIGNATURE_INVALID, CKR_SIGNATURE_LEN_RANGE.
Example: see C_VerifyFinal for an example of similar functions.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_VerifyUpdate)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pPart,
CK_ULONG ulPartLen
);
C_VerifyUpdate continues a multiple-part verification operation, processing another data part. hSession is the session’s handle, pPart points to the data part; ulPartLen is the length of the data part.
The verification operation MUST have been initialized with C_VerifyInit. This function may be called any number of times in succession. A call to C_VerifyUpdate which results in an error terminates the current verification operation.
Return values: CKR_ARGUMENTS_BAD, CKR_CRYPTOKI_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_DATA_LEN_RANGE, CKR_DEVICE_ERROR, CKR_DEVICE_MEMORY, CKR_DEVICE_REMOVED, CKR_FUNCTION_CANCELED, CKR_FUNCTION_FAILED, CKR_GENERAL_ERROR, CKR_HOST_MEMORY, CKR_OK, CKR_OPERATION_NOT_INITIALIZED, CKR_SESSION_CLOSED, CKR_SESSION_HANDLE_INVALID.
Example: see C_VerifyFinal.
CK_DEFINE_FUNCTION(CK_RV, C_VerifyFinal)(
CK_SESSION_HANDLE hSession,
CK_BYTE_PTR pSignature,
CK_ULONG ulSignatureLen
);
C_VerifyFinal finishes a multiple-part verification operation, checking the signature. hSession is the session’s handle; pSignature points to the signature; ulSignatureLen is the length of the signature.
The verification operation MUST have been initialized with C_VerifyInit. A call to C_VerifyFinal always terminates the active verification operation.