Building Technologies Program
Figure 1
The diagram in Figure 1 shows the flow between programs (boxes) and data
(ovals).
The central program is rpict, which produces a picture from a scene
description.
Rvu is a variation of rpict that computes and displays images
interactively, and rtrace computes single ray values.
Other programs (not shown) connect many of these elements together,
such as the executive programs
rad
and
ranimate,
the interactive rendering program
rholo,
and the animation program
ranimove.
The program
obj2mesh
acts as both a converter and scene compiler, converting a Wavefront .OBJ
file into a compiled mesh octree for efficient rendering.
A scene description file lists the surfaces and materials
that make up a specific environment.
The current surface types are spheres, polygons, cones, and cylinders.
There is also a composite surface type, called mesh, and a pseudosurface
type, called instance, which facilitates very complex geometries.
Surfaces can be made from materials such as plastic, metal, and glass.
Light sources can be distant disks as well as local spheres, disks
and polygons.
From a three-dimensional scene description and a specified view,
rpict produces a two-dimensional image.
A picture file is a compressed binary representation of the
pixels in the image.
This picture can be scaled in size and brightness,
anti-aliased, and sent to a graphics output device.
A header in each picture file lists the program(s)
and parameters that produced it.
This is useful for identifying a picture without having to display it.
The information can be read by the program getinfo.
The scene description primitives
all have the same general format, and can be either surfaces or modifiers.
A primitive has a modifier, a type, and an identifier.
A modifier is either the
identifier of a previously defined primitive, or "void".
An identifier can be any string
(i.e., any sequence of non-white characters).
The arguments associated with a primitive can be strings or real numbers.
An alias gets its type and arguments from
a previously defined primitive.
This is useful when the same material is
used with a different modifier, or as a convenient naming mechanism.
The reserved modifier name "inherit" may be used to specificy that
an alias will inherit its modifier from the original.
Surfaces cannot be aliased.
A line beginning with an exclamation point, `!',
is interpreted as a command.
It is executed by the shell, and its output is read as input to the program.
The command must not try to read from its standard input, or confusion
will result.
A command may be continued over multiple lines using a
backslash, `\', to escape the newline.
White space is generally ignored, except as a separator.
The exception is the newline character after a command or comment.
Commands, comments and primitives may appear in any
combination, so long as they are not intermingled.
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory
1 Cyclotron Rd., 90-3111
Berkeley, CA 94720
http://radsite.lbl.gov/radiance
Overview
1. Introduction
RADIANCE was developed as a research tool for predicting
the distribution of visible radiation in illuminated spaces.
It takes as input a three-dimensional geometric model
of the physical environment, and produces a map of
spectral radiance values in a color image.
The technique of ray-tracing follows light backwards
from the image plane to the source(s).
Because it can produce realistic images from a
simple description, RADIANCE has a wide range of applications
in graphic arts, lighting design,
computer-aided engineering and architecture.
2. Scene Description
A scene description file represents a three-dimensional physical environment in Cartesian (rectilinear) world coordinates.
It is stored as ASCII text, with the following basic format:
# comment
modifier type identifier
n S1 S2 "S 3" .. Sn
0
m R1 R2 R3 .. Rm
modifier alias identifier reference
! command
...
A comment line begins with a pound sign, `#'.
[ The most recent definition of a modifier is the
one used, and later definitions do not cause relinking
of loaded primitives.
Thus, the same identifier may be used repeatedly,
and each new definition will apply to the primitives following it. ]
2.1. Primitive Types
Primitives can be surfaces,
materials,
textures or
patterns.
Modifiers can be materials,
mixtures,
textures or patterns.
Simple surfaces must have one material in their modifier list.
mod source id 0 0 4 xdir ydir zdir angle
mod sphere id 0 0 4 xcent ycent zcent radius
mod polygon id 0 0 3n x1 y1 z1 x2 y2 z2 ... xn yn zn
mod cone id 0 0 8 x0 y0 z0 x1 y1 z1 r0 r1
mod cylinder id 0 0 7 x0 y0 z0 x1 y1 z1 rad
mod ring id 0 0 8 xcent ycent zcent xdir ydir zdir r0 r1
mod instance id 1+ octree transform 0 0If the modifier is "void", then surfaces will use the modifiers given in the original description. Otherwise, the modifier specified is used in their place. The transform moves the octree to the desired location in the scene. Multiple instances using the same octree take little extra memory, hence very complex descriptions can be rendered using this primitive.
There are a number of important limitations to be aware of when using instances. First, the scene description used to generate the octree must stand on its own, without referring to modifiers in the parent description. This is necessary for oconv to create the octree. Second, light sources in the octree will not be incorporated correctly in the calculation, and they are not recommended. Finally, there is no advantage (other than convenience) to using a single instance of an octree, or an octree containing only a few surfaces. An xform command on the subordinate description is prefered in such cases.
mod mesh id 1+ meshfile transform 0 0If the modifier is "void", then surfaces will use the modifiers given in the original mesh description. Otherwise, the modifier specified is used in their place. The transform moves the mesh to the desired location in the scene. Multiple instances using the same meshfile take little extra memory, and the compiled mesh itself takes much less space than individual polygons would. In the case of an unsmoothed mesh, using the mesh primitive reduces memory requirements by a factor of 30 relative to individual triangles. If a mesh has smoothed surfaces, we save a factor of 50 or more, permitting very detailed geometries that would otherwise exhaust the available memory. In addition, the mesh primitive can have associated (u,v) coordinates for pattern and texture mapping. These are made available to function files via the Lu and Lv variables.
mod light id 0 0 3 red green blue
mod illum id 1 material 0 3 red green blue
mod glow id 0 0 4 red green blue maxradIf maxrad is zero, then the surface will never be tested for shadow, although it may participate in an interreflection calculation. If maxrad is negative, then the surface will never contribute to scene illumination. Glow sources will never illuminate objects on the other side of an illum surface. This provides a convenient way to illuminate local light fixture geometry without overlighting nearby objects.
mod spotlight id 0 0 7 red green blue angle xdir ydir zdir
mod mirror id 1 material 0 3 red green blue
mod prism1 id 5+ coef dx dy dz funcfile transform 0 n A1 A2 .. AnThe new direction variables dx, dy and dz need not produce a normalized vector. For convenience, the variables DxA, DyA and DzA are defined as the normalized direction to the target light source. See section 2.2.1 on function files for further information.
mod prism2 id 9+ coef1 dx1 dy1 dz1 coef2 dx2 dy2 dz2 funcfile transform 0 n A1 A2 .. An
3 source1 mirror1>source10 mirror2>mirror1>source3Normally, only one source is given per mist material, and there is an upper limit of 32 to the total number of active scattering sources. The extinction coefficient, if given, is added the the global coefficient set on the command line. Extinction is in units of 1/distance (distance based on the world coordinates), and indicates the proportional loss of radiance over one unit distance. The scattering albedo, if present, will override the global setting within the volume. An albedo of 0 0 0 means a perfectly absorbing medium, and an albedo of 1 1 1 means a perfectly scattering medium (no absorption). The scattering eccentricity parameter will likewise override the global setting if it is present. Scattering eccentricity indicates how much scattered light favors the forward direction, as fit by the Henyey-Greenstein function:
P(theta) = (1 - g*g) / (1 + g*g - 2*g*cos(theta))^1.5A perfectly isotropic scattering medium has a g parameter of 0, and a highly directional material has a g parameter close to 1. Fits to the g parameter may be found along with typical extinction coefficients and scattering albedos for various atmospheres and cloud types in USGS meteorological tables. (A pattern will be applied to the extinction values.)
mod mist id N src1 src2 .. srcN 0 0|3|6|7 [ rext gext bext [ ralb galb balb [ g ] ] ]There are two usual uses of the mist type. One is to surround a beam from a spotlight or laser so that it is visible during rendering. For this application, it is important to use a cone (or cylinder) that is long enough and wide enough to contain the important visible portion. Light source photometry and intervening objects will have the desired effect, and crossing beams will result in additive scattering. For this application, it is best to leave off the real arguments, and use the global rendering parameters to control the atmosphere. The second application is to model clouds or other localized media. Complex boundary geometry may be used to give shape to a uniform medium, so long as the boundary encloses a proper volume. Alternatively, a pattern may be used to set the line integral value through the cloud for a ray entering or exiting a point in a given direction. For this application, it is best if cloud volumes do not overlap each other, and opaque objects contained within them may not be illuminated correctly unless the line integrals consider enclosed geometry.
mod plastic id 0 0 5 red green blue spec rough
mod trans id 0 0 7 red green blue spec rough trans tspec
mod plastic2 id 4+ ux uy uz funcfile transform 0 6 red green blue spec urough vrough
mod trans2 id 4+ ux uy uz funcfile transform 0 8 red green blue spec urough vrough trans tspec
mod ashik2 id 4+ ux uy uz funcfile transform 0 8 dred dgrn dblu sred sgrn sblu u-power v-power
mod dielectric id 0 0 5 rtn gtn btn n hc
mod interface id 0 0 8 rtn1 gtn1 btn1 n1 rtn2 gtn2 btn2 n2
tn = (sqrt(.8402528435+.0072522239*Tn*Tn)-.9166530661)/.0036261119/TnStandard 88% transmittance glass has a transmissivity of 0.96. (A pattern modifying glass will affect the transmissivity.) If a fourth real argument is given, it is interpreted as the index of refraction to use instead of 1.52.
mod glass id 0 0 3 rtn gtn btn
mod plasfunc id 2+ refl funcfile transform 0 4+ red green blue spec A5 ..The function refl takes four arguments, the x, y and z direction towards the incident light, and the solid angle subtended by the source. The solid angle is provided to facilitate averaging, and is usually ignored. The refl function should integrate to 1 over the projected hemisphere to maintain energy balance. At least four real arguments must be given, and these are made available along with any additional values to the reflectance function. Currently, only the contribution from direct light sources is considered in the specular calculation. As in most material types, the surface normal is always altered to face the incoming ray.
mod transfunc id 2+ brtd funcfile transform 0 6+ red green blue rspec trans tspec A7 ..Where trans is the total light transmitted and tspec is the non-Lambertian fraction of transmitted light. The function brtd should integrate to 1 over each projected hemisphere.
mod BRTDfunc id 10+ rrefl grefl brefl rtrns gtrns btrns rbrtd gbrtd bbrtd funcfile transform 0 9+ rfdif gfdif bfdif rbdif gbdif bbdif rtdif gtdif btdif A10 ..The variables rrefl, grefl and brefl specify the color coefficients for the ideal specular (mirror) reflection of the surface. The variables rtrns, gtrns and btrns specify the color coefficients for the ideal specular transmission. The functions rbrtd, gbrtd and bbrtd take the direction to the incident light (and its solid angle) and compute the color coefficients for the directional diffuse part of reflection and transmission. As a special case, three identical values of '0' may be given in place of these function names to indicate no directional diffuse component.
Unlike most other material types, the surface normal is not altered to face the incoming ray. Thus, functions and variables must pay attention to the orientation of the surface and make adjustments appropriately. However, the special variables for the perturbed dot product and surface normal, RdotP, NxP, NyP and NzP are reoriented as if the ray hit the front surface for convenience.
A diffuse reflection component may be given for the front side with rfdif, gfdif and bfdif for the front side of the surface or rbdif, gbdif and bbdif for the back side. The diffuse transmittance (must be the same for both sides by physical law) is given by rtdif, gtdif and btdif. A pattern will modify these diffuse scattering values, and will be available through the special variables CrP, CgP and CbP.
Care must be taken when using this material type to produce a physically valid reflection model. The reflectance functions should be bidirectional, and under no circumstances should the sum of reflected diffuse, transmitted diffuse, reflected specular, transmitted specular and the integrated directional diffuse component be greater than one.
mod plasdata id 3+n+ func datafile funcfile x1 x2 .. xn transform 0 4+ red green blue spec A5 ..The coordinate indices (x1, x2, etc.) are themselves functions of the x, y and z direction to the incident light, plus the solid angle subtended by the light source (usually ignored). The data function (func) takes five variables, the interpolated value from the n-dimensional data file, followed by the x, y and z direction to the incident light and the solid angle of the source. The light source direction and size may of course be ignored by the function.
mod transdata id 3+n+ func datafile funcfile x1 x2 .. xn transform 0 6+ red green blue rspec trans tspec A7 ..
mod BSDF id 6+ thick BSDFfile ux uy uz funcfile transform 0 0|3|6|9 rfdif gfdif bfdif rbdif gbdif bbdif rtdif gtdif btdif
The first string argument is a "thickness" parameter that may be used to hide detail geometry being proxied by an aggregate BSDF material. If a view or shadow ray hits a BSDF proxy with non-zero thickness, it will pass directly through as if the surface were not there. Similar to the illum type, this permits direct viewing and shadow testing of complex geometry. The BSDF is used when a scattered (indirect) ray hits the surface, and any transmitted sample rays will be offset by the thickness amount to avoid the hidden geometry and gather samples from the other side. In this manner, BSDF surfaces can improve the results for indirect scattering from complex systems without sacrificing appearance or shadow accuracy. If the BSDF has transmission and back-side reflection data, a parallel BSDF surface may be placed slightly less than the given thickness away from the front surface to enclose the complex geometry on both sides. The sign of the thickness is important, as it indicates whether the proxied geometry is behind the BSDF surface (when thickness is positive) or in front (when thickness is negative).
The second string argument is the name of the BSDF file, which is found in the usual auxiliary locations. The following three string parameters name variables for an "up" vector, which together with the surface normal, define the local coordinate system that orients the BSDF. These variables, along with the thickness, are defined in a function file given as the next string argument. An optional transform is used to scale the thickness and reorient the up vector.
If no real arguments are given, the BSDF is used by itself to determine reflection and transmission. If there are at least 3 real arguments, the first triplet is an additional diffuse reflectance for the front side. At least 6 real arguments adds diffuse reflectance to the rear side of the surface. If there are 9 real arguments, the final triplet will be taken as an additional diffuse transmittance. All diffuse components as well as the non-diffuse transmission are modified by patterns applied to this material. The non-diffuse reflection from either side are unaffected. Textures perturb the effective surface normal in the usual way.
The surface normal of this type is not altered to face the incoming ray, so the front and back BSDF reflections may differ. (Transmission is identical front-to-back by physical law.) If back visibility is turned off during rendering and there is no transmission or back-side reflection, only then the surface will be invisible from behind. Unlike other data-driven material types, the BSDF type is fully supported and all parts of the distribution are properly sampled.
mod aBSDF id 5+ BSDFfile ux uy uz funcfile transform 0 0|3|6|9 rfdif gfdif bfdif rbdif gbdif bbdif rtdif gtdif btdif
If a material has no specular transmitted component, it is much better to use the BSDF type with a zero thickness than to use aBSDF.
mod antimatter id N mod1 mod2 .. modN 0 0The first modifier will also be used to shade the area leaving the antimatter volume and entering the regular volume. If mod1 is void, the antimatter volume is completely invisible. Antimatter does not work properly with the material type "trans", and multiple antimatter surfaces should be disjoint. The viewpoint must be outside all volumes concerned for a correct rendering.
mod texfunc id 4+ xpert ypert zpert funcfile transform 0 n A1 A2 .. An
mod texdata id 8+ xfunc yfunc zfunc xdfname ydfname zdfname vfname x0 x1 .. xf 0 n A1 A2 .. An
mod colorfunc id 4+ red green blue funcfile transform 0 n A1 A2 .. An
mod brightfunc id 2+ refl funcfile transform 0 n A1 A2 .. An
mod colordata id 7+n+ rfunc gfunc bfunc rdatafile gdatafile bdatafile funcfile x1 x2 .. xn transform 0 m A1 A2 .. Am
mod brightdata id 3+n+ func datafile funcfile x1 x2 .. xn transform 0 m A1 A2 ..  Am
mod colortext id 2 fontfile textfile 0 15+ Ox Oy Oz Rx Ry Rz Dx Dy Dz rfore gfore bfore rback gback bback [spacing]or:
mod colortext id 2+N fontfile . This is a line with N words ... 0 15+ Ox Oy Oz Rx Ry Rz Dx Dy Dz rfore gfore bfore rback gback bback [spacing]
mod brighttext id 2 fontfile textfile 0 11+ Ox Oy Oz Rx Ry Rz Dx Dy Dz foreground background [spacing]or:
mod brighttext id 2+N fontfile . This is a line with N words ... 0 11+ Ox Oy Oz Rx Ry Rz Dx Dy Dz foreground background [spacing]
By default, a uniform spacing algorithm is used that guarantees every character will appear in a precisely determined position. Unfortunately, such a scheme results in rather unattractive and difficult to read text with most fonts. The optional spacing value defines the distance between characters for proportional spacing. A positive value selects a spacing algorithm that preserves right margins and indentation, but does not provide the ultimate in proportionally spaced text. A negative value insures that characters are properly spaced, but the placement of words then varies unpredictably. The choice depends on the relative importance of spacing versus formatting. When presenting a section of formatted text, a positive spacing value is usually preferred. A single line of text will often be accompanied by a negative spacing value. A section of text meant to depict a picture, perhaps using a special purpose font such as hexbit4x1.fnt, calls for uniform spacing. Reasonable magnitudes for proportional spacing are between 0.1 (for tightly spaced characters) and 0.3 (for wide spacing).
mod mixfunc id 4+ foreground background vname funcfile transform 0 n A1 A2 .. AnForeground and background are modifier names that must be defined earlier in the scene description. If one of these is a material, then the modifier of the mixfunc must be "void". (Either the foreground or background modifier may be "void", which serves as a form of opacity control when used with a material.) Vname is the coefficient defined in funcfile that determines the influence of foreground. The background coefficient is always (1-vname).
mod mixdata id 5+n+ foreground background func datafile funcfile x1 x2 .. xn transform 0 m A1 A2 .. Am
mod mixpict id 7+ foreground background func pictfile funcfile u v transform 0 m A1 A2 .. Am
The mixing coefficient function "func" takes three arguments, the red, green and blue values corresponding to the pixel at (u,v).
mod mixtext id 4 foreground background fontfile textfile 0 9+ Ox Oy Oz Rx Ry Rz Dx Dy Dz [spacing]or:
mod mixtext id 4+N foreground background fontfile . This is a line with N words ... 0 9+ Ox Oy Oz Rx Ry Rz Dx Dy Dz [spacing]
{ This is a comment, enclosed in curly braces. {Comments can be nested.} } { standard expressions use +,-,*,/,^,(,) } vname = Ny * func(A1) ; { constants are defined with a colon } const : sqrt(PI/2) ; { user-defined functions add to library } func(x) = 5 + A1*sin(x/3) ; { functions may be passed and recursive } rfunc(f,x) = if(x,f(x),f(-x)*rfunc(f,x+1)) ; { constant functions may also be defined } cfunc(x) : 10*x / sqrt(x) ;Many variables and functions are already defined by the program, and they are listed in the file rayinit.cal. The following variables are particularly important:
Dx, Dy, Dz - incident ray direction Nx, Ny, Nz - surface normal at intersection point Px, Py, Pz - intersection point T - distance from start Ts - single ray (shadow) distance Rdot - cosine between ray and normal arg(0) - number of real arguments arg(i) - i'th real argumentFor mesh objects, the local surface coordinates are available:
Lu, Lv - local (u,v) coordinatesFor BRDF types, the following variables are defined as well:
NxP, NyP, NzP - perturbed surface normal RdotP - perturbed dot product CrP, CgP, CbP - perturbed material colorA unique context is set up for each file so that the same variable may appear in different function files without conflict. The variables listed above and any others defined in rayinit.cal are available globally. If no file is needed by a given primitive because all the required variables are global, a period (`.') can be given in place of the file name. It is also possible to give an expression instead of a straight variable name in a scene file. Functions (requiring parameters) must be given as names and not as expressions.
Constant expressions are used as an optimization in function files. They are replaced wherever they occur in an expression by their value. Constant expressions are evaluated only once, so they must not contain any variables or values that can change, such as the ray variables Px and Ny or the primitive argument function arg(). All the math library functions such as sqrt() and cos() have the constant attribute, so they will be replaced by immediate values whenever they are given constant arguments. Thus, the subexpression cos(PI*sqrt(2)) is immediately replaced by its value, -.266255342, and does not cause any additional overhead in the calculation.
It is generally a good idea to define constants and variables before they are referred to in a function file. Although evaluation does not take place until later, the interpreter does variable scoping and constant subexpression evaluation based on what it has compiled already. For example, a variable that is defined globally in rayinit.cal then referenced in the local context of a function file cannot subsequently be redefined in the same file because the compiler has already determined the scope of the referenced variable as global. To avoid such conflicts, one can state the scope of a variable explicitly by preceding the variable name with a context mark (a back-quote) for a local variable, or following the name with a context mark for a global variable.
N beg1 end1 m1 0 0 m2 x2.1 x2.2 x2.3 x2.4 .. x2.m2 ... begN endN mN DATA, later dimensions changing faster.N is the number of dimensions. For each dimension, the beginning and ending coordinate values and the dimension size is given. Alternatively, individual coordinate values can be given when the points are not evenly spaced. These values must either be increasing or decreasing monotonically. The data is m1*m2*...*mN real numbers in ASCII form. Comments may appear anywhere in the file, beginning with a pound sign ('#') and continuing to the end of line.
code n x0 y0 x1 y1 ... xn yn ...The ASCII codes can appear in any order. N is the number of vertices, and the last is automatically connected to the first. Separate polygonal sections are joined by coincident sides. The character coordinate system is a square with lower left corner at (0,0), lower right at (255,0) and upper right at (255,255).
The image generating programs use an octree to efficiently trace rays through the scene. An octree subdivides space into nested octants which contain sets of surfaces. In RADIANCE, an octree is created from a scene description by oconv. The details of this process are not important, but the octree will serve as input to the ray-tracing programs and directs the use of a scene description.
A number of filters are available for manipulating picture files:
Pictures may be displayed directly under X11 using the program ximage, or converted a standard image format using one of the following translators:
The Radiance Software License, Version 1.0 Copyright (c) 1990 - 2021 The Regents of the University of California, through Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory. All rights reserved. Redistribution and use in source and binary forms, with or without modification, are permitted provided that the following conditions are met: 1. Redistributions of source code must retain the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer. 2. Redistributions in binary form must reproduce the above copyright notice, this list of conditions and the following disclaimer in the documentation and/or other materials provided with the distribution. 3. The end-user documentation included with the redistribution, if any, must include the following acknowledgment: "This product includes Radiance software (http://radsite.lbl.gov/) developed by the Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory (http://www.lbl.gov/)." Alternately, this acknowledgment may appear in the software itself, if and wherever such third-party acknowledgments normally appear. 4. The names "Radiance," "Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory" and "The Regents of the University of California" must not be used to endorse or promote products derived from this software without prior written permission. For written permission, please contact<EMAIL_ADDRESS>5. Products derived from this software may not be called "Radiance", nor may "Radiance" appear in their name, without prior written permission of Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory.
Additional work was sponsored by the Swiss federal government under the Swiss LUMEN Project and was carried out in the Laboratoire d'Energie Solaire (LESO Group) at the Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne (EPFL University) in Lausanne, Switzerland.
See the RADIANCE Reference Materials page for additional information.
SURFACES MATERIALS TEXTURES PATTERNS MIXTURES
Source Light Texfunc Colorfunc Mixfunc Sphere Illum Texdata Brightfunc Mixdata Bubble Glow Colordata Mixtext Polygon Spotlight Brightdata Cone Mirror Colorpict Cup Prism1 Colortext Cylinder Prism2 Brighttext Tube Plastic Ring Metal Instance Trans Mesh Plastic2 Metal2 Trans2 Mist Dielectric Interface Glass Plasfunc Metfunc Transfunc BRTDfunc Plasdata Metdata Transdata BSDF Antimatter


This is application!
Season 2014
Season 2015
Season 2016
Season 2017
First item
Second item
Third item
Hover Rows
The .table-hover class enables a hover state on table rows:
Firstname
Lastname
Email
John
Doe
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Mary
Moe
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>July
Dooley
<EMAIL_ADDRESS>×
Modal Header
Some text in the modal.


Forecasting passenger demand is of great interest for public transport operators. Despite the important role that forecasting play in mobility demand understanding, in-depth transport oriented analysis of the forecasting results is often overlooked, since it raised some challenges.
In this context we developed two visualization tools with open source frameworks that allow to analyze space-time series forecasting with context awareness.
The time visualization tool allows to analyze the forecasting results over large period in all the stops of a transport network and to zoom in for more precise temporal details.
Time visualizationThe space visualization tool allows to better understand the passenger demand relations between the different stops of a transport network, and enable a time analysis of the results.
Space visualization


Allows CRUD-type management of articles on the site. See ContentController for further information.
Methods
- A
- N
- P
- U
Class Public methods
new()
Link
Source: show
# File app/controllers/admin/articles_controller.rb, line 4 def initialize super self.content_object = Article self.allow_create = true @current_section = 'blog' end
Instance Public methods
publish()
Link
Publishes the Article with the provided ID. Complementary method to unpublish
Expected parameters
- id
-
the ID of the Article to publish
Source: show
# File app/controllers/admin/articles_controller.rb, line 17 def publish begin Article.find(params[:id]).publish! rescue e end if params.key?('home') respond_to do |format| format.html { redirect_to admin_root_path and return } format.js end else redirect_to admin_articles_path and return end end
unpublish()
Link
Unpublishes the Article with the provided ID. Complementary method to publish.
Expected parameters
- id
-
the ID of the Article to publish
Source: show
# File app/controllers/admin/articles_controller.rb, line 40 def unpublish begin Article.find(params[:id]).update_attribute(:published, false) rescue e end if params.key?('home') respond_to do |format| format.html { redirect_to admin_root_path and return } format.js end else redirect_to admin_articles_path and return end end
Instance Protected methods


fun terminate(): <ERROR CLASS><Unit>
Overrides CacheStoreWorker.terminate
Terminates the worker. This method is always invoked on the calling thread.


图标
按钮
按钮
primary
success
info
warning
danger
按钮尺寸
按钮
primary
success
info
下拉菜单
Dropdown
Action
Another action
Something else here
Separated link
输入框
导航栏
Home
About
Contact
Dropdown
Action
Another action
Nav header
Separated link
表单
File input
Example block-level help text here.
Check me out
Submit
警告框
×
Warning!
Better check yourself, you're not looking too good.
success!
info!
warning!
danger!
进度条
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Providing positive control of Protected Health Information (ePHI) requires a disciplined approach to security that permeates business practices, policies, procedures and personnel training.
Not sure what you need? Contact us today at<PHONE_NUMBER> and we'll get you a custom quote.
Learn
more about our HIPAA Compliant fax services.
Custom HIPAA Solutions
EMR/EHR/CRM and more. We can integrate with any Enterprise platform.
Secure Fax Portal
Send and Receive Faxes using secure web portal.
HIPAA Compliant API
Secure Restful API. Easily integrate HIPAA compliant faxing into your application


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| | socket_manager (multiplexer *mpx, event_handler_ptr handler) |
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| socket_manager (const socket_manager &)=delete |
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socket_manager & | operator= (const socket_manager &)=delete |
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socket | handle () const |
| | Returns the handle for the managed socket.
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actor_system & | system () noexcept |
| | Returns a reference to the hosting actor_system instance.
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multiplexer & | mpx () noexcept |
| | Returns the owning multiplexer instance.
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const multiplexer & | mpx () const noexcept |
| | Returns the owning multiplexer instance.
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multiplexer * | mpx_ptr () noexcept |
| | Returns a pointer to the owning multiplexer instance.
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const multiplexer * | mpx_ptr () const noexcept |
| | Returns a pointer to the owning multiplexer instance.
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bool | is_reading () const noexcept |
| | Queries whether the manager is registered for reading.
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bool | is_writing () const noexcept |
| | Queries whether the manager is registered for writing.
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void | register_reading () |
| | Registers the manager for read operations.
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| |
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void | register_writing () |
| | Registers the manager for write operations.
|
| |
|
void | deregister_reading () |
| | Deregisters the manager from read operations.
|
| |
|
void | deregister_writing () |
| | Deregisters the manager from write operations.
|
| |
|
void | deregister () |
| | Deregisters the manager from both read and write operations.
|
| |
| void | add_cleanup_listener (action fn) |
| | Schedules a call to fn on the multiplexer when this socket manager cleans up its state.
|
| |
|
void | schedule_handover () |
| | Schedules a call to do_handover on the handler.
|
| |
|
void | schedule (action what) |
| | Schedules what to run later.
|
| |
|
template<class F > |
| void | schedule_fn (F &&what) |
| | Schedules what to run later.
|
| |
|
void | shutdown () |
| | Shuts down this socket manager.
|
| |
|
error | start () |
| | Starts the manager and its all of its processing layers.
|
| |
|
void | handle_read_event () |
| | Called whenever the socket received new data.
|
| |
|
void | handle_write_event () |
| | Called whenever the socket is allowed to send data.
|
| |
| void | handle_error (sec code) |
| | Called when the remote side becomes unreachable due to an error or after calling dispose.
|
| |
|
void | dispose () override |
| |
|
bool | disposed () const noexcept override |
| |
|
void | ref_disposable () const noexcept override |
| |
|
void | deref_disposable () const noexcept override |
| |
|
| atomic_ref_counted (const atomic_ref_counted &) |
| |
|
atomic_ref_counted & | operator= (const atomic_ref_counted &) |
| |
|
void | ref () const noexcept |
| | Increases reference count by one.
|
| |
|
void | deref () const noexcept |
| | Decreases reference count by one and calls request_deletion when it drops to zero.
|
| |
|
bool | unique () const noexcept |
| | Queries whether there is exactly one reference.
|
| |
|
size_t | get_reference_count () const noexcept |
| | Queries the current reference count for this object.
|
| |
Manages the lifetime of a single socket and handles any I/O events on it.


| httr_options {httr} | R Documentation |
This function lists all available options for config()
.
It provides both the short R name which you use with httr, and the longer
Curl name, which is useful when searching the documentation. curl_doc
opens a link to the libcurl documentation for an option in your browser.
httr_options(matches) curl_docs(x)
matches |
If not missing, this restricts the output so that either the httr or curl option matches this regular expression. |
x |
An option name (either short or full). |
RCurl and httr use slightly different names to libcurl: the initial
CURLOPT_
is removed, all underscores are converted to periods and
the option is given in lower case. Thus "CURLOPT_SSLENGINE_DEFAULT"
becomes "sslengine.default".
A data frame with three columns:
httr |
The short name used in httr |
libcurl |
The full name used by libcurl |
type |
The type of R object that the option accepts |
httr_options() httr_options("post") # Use curl_docs to read the curl documentation for each option. # You can use either the httr or curl option name. curl_docs("userpwd") curl_docs("CURLOPT_USERPWD")


I am a teacher turned developer currently based in Austin, Texas. Love connecting with people over a cup of coffee, especially involving a game of chess.
Find Out MoreI graduated with a microbiology degree and fell in love with programming soon after. I love traveling and have been to 8 countries and speak 3 languages. I am passionate about creating seamless web applications with a focus on front-end development. I have experience building full stack applications with a variety of JavaScript libraries and frameworks. My goal is to work as a full time software developer and learn new technologies that will innovate the world.
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Rapper Kanye West performs for Texas jail inmates
HOUSTON — Kanye West has followed the Johnny Cash route and performed for inmates at a Houston jail. In secret from the public, the star rapper-turned-gospel singer performed songs Friday from his new gospel album “Jesus is King.
by Canadian PressHOUSTON — Kanye West has followed the Johnny Cash route and performed for inmates at a Houston jail.
In secret from the public, the star rapper-turned-gospel singer performed songs Friday from his new gospel album “Jesus is King.” He and his choir performed for more than 200 male inmates at one jail facility before crossing the street to another jail facility and performing for a smaller crowd of female inmates.
Harris County Sheriff Ed Gonzalez said West’s representatives asked jail officials about doing secret shows.
The Friday concerts were performed two days before West is to speak at Joel Osteen’s vast Lakewood Church in Houston
The events were reminiscent of prison concerts given by country singer Johnny Cash in California.
The Associated Press


--- title: 100 Time Series Data Mining Questions - Part 5 author: Francisco Bischoff date: '2020-09-27' categories: - datamining - R - r-bloggers - timeseries - tsmp slug: 100-time-series-part-5 publishDate: '2020-09-28T12:00:00+01:00' mathjax: yes ---
In the last post we managed to find similar patterns between two time series.
For the next question, we will still be using the datasets available at https://github.com/matrix-profile-foundation/mpf-datasets so you can try this at home.
The original code (MATLAB) and data are here.
Now let’s start:
This is a new kind of question. It’s about summarization, not actually finding motifs.
This task could be addressed using another distance measurement that is more robust than the simple Euclidean distance, but a little bit slower, of course. In fact, this kind of measurement distance can defeat even the DTW based algorithms for this task. It is called MPDist, and the simplest way I can think of explaining it, is: instead of comparing a window of data with the dataset, we compare a shorter rolling window, inside the main rolling window.
This can solve this kind of clustering problem for example:
Image from Gharghabi S. et al., 2018.
The dataset is 3 years of Italian power demand data which represents the hourly electrical power demand of a small Italian city for 3 years beginning on Jan 1st 1995 and ending on May 31th 1998. What we want here is to summarize this dataset, showing “Snippets” of data. Snippets are representative patterns present in the data, not rare events like discords, neither (almost) perfectly similar as motifs.
First, let’s load the tsmp
library and import our dataset:
# install.packages('tsmp')
library(tsmp)
baseurl <- "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/matrix-profile-foundation/mpf-datasets/05efe885cff4b2266067ad62c4f6fa2b537ad2a2/"
dataset <- read.csv(paste0(baseurl, "real/italianpowerdemand.csv"), header = FALSE)$V1
And plot it as always:
plot(dataset, lwd = 1, type = "l", main = "Italian Power Demand", ylab = "kWh", xlab = "time (hourly)")
mp_obj <- find_snippet(dataset, 168, 2, 24)
mp_obj %T>%
plot
##
## Snippet
## -------
## Snippets found = 2
## Snippets indexes = 10921 17977
## Snippets fractions = 64.25% 35.75%
## Snippet size = 168
We searched for the top-2 snippets of length 168. This is equivalent to 1 week (7 days). You can see that this way since Jan 1st 1995 is a Sunday, we can confirm that the indexes of each snippet also starts on Sunday (10921 %% 168 is 1 and 17977 %% 168 is also 1). This makes the interpretation easier.
We also obtain the “regime bar,” that tells us which snippet “explains” which region of data. As it happens, These snippets seem to represent summer (red) and winter (green) regimes, respectively. The red line usually stars in later February - early March and ends on October (almost the same period of Daylight Saving Time changes).
Let’s look at the snippets. What makes them different from each other? We see that the “summer” snippet has a lower peak at the end of the day, while the “winter” snippet has a higher peak. This could mean that in the winter, people go home and turn on heaters (for example), and in the summer, people may go home later and doesn’t turn on heaters. This is just a hypothesis, but see that the algorithm gave us the answer: how can I summarize this dataset?
So we did it again!
This ends our fifth question of one hundred (let’s hope so!).
Until next time.


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add
in interface Collection<E>
e
- element to be appended to this listtrue
(as specified by Collection.add(E)
)UnsupportedOperationException
- if the add
operation
is not supported by this listClassCastException
- if the class of the specified element
prevents it from being added to this listNullPointerException
- if the specified element is null and this
list does not permit null elementsIllegalArgumentException
- if some property of this element
prevents it from being added to this list


The results of the Washington Post's Airport Survey are out!
The survey asked respondents to explain how they refer to "the airport in Northern Virginia that's not Dulles". Respondents could choose from a list of "DCA", "National", "Reagan", "Reagan National", or provide their own answer.
Respondents also provided their birth year, gender, party affiliation, and a reason for why they call the airport the way they do.
Have fun!
WARNING: This site contains unfiltered survery responses and contains vulgar and potentially hateful content. Use at your own risk.
TweetHave {{ matches.length | number }} matches.
| Answer | {{ curResponse.answer}} |
|---|---|
| BirthYear | {{ curResponse.birth_year}} |
| Gender | {{ curResponse.gender}} |
| Party | {{ curResponse.party}} |
| Reason | {{ curResponse.reason}} |


public interface ServerStart extends SoftStoppable, MultipleConnections, NetworkInterface
As most other components, this interface has an implementation, that is hidden for different Reasons.
ClientStart
| Modifier and Type | Method and Description |
|---|---|
void |
acceptAllNextClients()
Calling this Method will block, until the Server is shutdown or until an exception occurs.
|
void |
acceptNextClient()
Accepts the next Client tha connects.
|
void |
addClientConnectedHandler(ClientConnectedHandler clientConnectedHandler)
Adds an
ClientConnectedHandler , that should handle a newly created Client. |
static ServerStart |
at(int port)
Creates a new ServerStart at the provided port.
|
ClientList |
clientList()
Returns the internally maintained ClientList.
|
void |
disconnect()
Shuts down the Server and disconnects all connected Clients
|
Distributor |
distribute()
Returns an
Distributor instance, to Distribute without knowing the specific Session of the Client. |
int |
getPort()
Returns the current port of the ServerStart.
|
RemoteObjectRegistration |
remoteObjects()
Returns an internally maintained
RemoteObjectRegistration . |
void |
removeClientConnectedHandler(ClientConnectedHandler clientConnectedHandler)
Removes a ClientConnectedHandler from the ServerStart.
|
void |
setExecutorService(ExecutorService executorService)
Sets the ExecutorService, to be used internally
|
void |
setPort(int port)
Sets the port of the ServerStart.
|
void |
setServerSocketFactory(Factory<Integer,ServerSocket> factory)
Sets the ServerFactory, that is asked to produce the ServerSocket
If you want to use SSL, you may provide an Factory, that creates an SSLServerSocket.
|
running, softStop
createNewConnection
cache, getCommunicationRegistration, setConnectionFactory
setLogging
static ServerStart at(int port)
This is the only way currently of creating a ServerStart.
You may however feel free to create your own.
port
- the port, the Server shut letch ontovoid acceptAllNextClients() throws ClientConnectionFailedException
This method is accepting all Clients. While doing so, this call blocks.
If you want to use this method in an non-blocking way, use the NetCom2Utils.runLater(Runnable)
or NetCom2Utils.runOnNetComThread(Runnable)
method.
NOTE: If you extract this Method into another NetComThread, most of the Time, your Program will just exit. The NetComThreads are daemon threads, which means, that they will not stop the Program from exiting if they are still running. A best Practice would be, to use your own Thread to extract this.
By default, this is the main Way of using the ServerStart. If you require some Work between each client connection,
use the acceptNextClient()
method, which only accepts the next client.
An ClientConnectionFailedException
will be thrown, if the Creation of the Client fails or any ClientConnectedHandler
throws an Exception. The last one will result in an stop of the whole Server, to allow you to fix the issue.
ClientConnectionFailedException
- if anything goes wrong while a Client connectsacceptNextClient()
void acceptNextClient() throws ClientConnectionFailedException
This Method-Call will block, until the next Client is connected. You will use this, if you need to doe some Work between each Client connection.
An ClientConnectionFailedException
will be thrown, if the Creation of the Client fails or any ClientConnectedHandler
throws an Exception.
ClientConnectionFailedException
- if anything goes wrong while a Client connectsint getPort()
void setPort(int port)
Allows you, to set the Port, even after the ServerStart has been created. If you need to change the port after the ServerStart is created, use this.
port
- the port the ServerStart should letch ontovoid addClientConnectedHandler(ClientConnectedHandler clientConnectedHandler)
ClientConnectedHandler
, that should handle a newly created Client.
Those ClientConnectedHandlers will be asked 2 times. First to create the Client-Object and second to handle this Object.
clientConnectedHandler
- the Client ConnectedHandler that should be usdvoid removeClientConnectedHandler(ClientConnectedHandler clientConnectedHandler)
clientConnectedHandler
- the ClientConnectedHandlerDistributor distribute()
Distributor
instance, to Distribute without knowing the specific Session of the Client.
This Distributor is used, if you want to send something to multiple Targets.
For most other needs, you should use the Session, that is injected into the OnReceive handlers or use the
ClientConnectedHandler
Distributor
void disconnect()
SoftStoppable.softStop()
void setServerSocketFactory(Factory<Integer,ServerSocket> factory)
If you want to use SSL, you may provide an Factory, that creates an SSLServerSocket.
factory
- the Factory, that should be used.ClientList clientList()
This may be used, if you need to get a certain Client or apply something to all Clients.
If you however want to access certain Clients, it is recommended, to create a custom UserObject and set the UserObject,
aggregating the Session of the Client inside of an custom ClientConnectedHandler
. The Client is an real representation
of the Connected PC. Therefor you can do real, irreversible damage at runtime, resulting in an fatal, unrecoverable
error.
@Experimental void setExecutorService(ExecutorService executorService)
executorService
- the ExecutorService.@Experimental RemoteObjectRegistration remoteObjects()
RemoteObjectRegistration
.
This is used, whenever the Client requests a RemoteObject using the RemoteObjectFactory
RemoteObjectFactory
Copyright © 2018. All rights reserved.


Detailed course offerings (Time Schedule) are available for
ENDO 521 Introduction to Clinical Endodontics (4)
Lecture component covers the biology, pathology, diagnosis, treatment, and outcome of the dentin-pulp complex and pulpal-related periradicular pathology. Preclinical laboratory component covers endodontic treatment techniques on extracted and artificial teeth from different tooth groups as practice for clinical cases. Offered: Sp.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 521
ENDO 534 P-Endodontic Clinical Procedures (1)
Lecture course dealing with clinical procedures particular to endodontics, diagnosis and treatment of endodontic emergencies, and surgical management of endodontic problems. Offered: A.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 534
ENDO 535 P-Clinical Management of Endodontic Treatment Problems (1)
Management of a variety of technical problems frequently encountered in the treatment of endodontic cases and the diagnosis and treatment of impact injuries to teeth. Offered: W.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 535
ENDO 545 Honors Endodontics (2, max. 4)
Seminar discussions of advanced endodontic diagnosis and treatment planning issues as well as clinical sessions on treatment of calcified negotiable canals, alternate instrumentation procedures and obturation systems. Credit/no-credit only.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 545
ENDO 550 P-Directed Studies in Endodontics (*, max. 6)
See DPHS 449 for course description. Credit/no-credit only.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 550
ENDO 560 Advanced Endodontic Diagnosis and Treatment (2)
Current concepts are presented and discussed relating to the diagnosis and treatment of pulpal and periapical pathosis. Criteria for evaluation of success or failure of root canal therapy are presented.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 560
ENDO 561 Anatomical Basis for Clinical Endodontics (2)
Root canal anatomy of significance in clinical endodontics is discussed in a seminar format. Offered: S.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 561
ENDO 562 Anatomical Bases for Surgical Endodontics (2)
Diagnosis and treatment of acute symptoms of dental origin, surgical endodontic therapy, traumatic dental injuries, and the relationship between periodontal and pulpal pathosis, including differential diagnosis and appropriate treatment planning.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 562
ENDO 563 Radiographic Interpretation (2)
Various aspects of radiographic interpretation of particular relevance to endodontics, including interpretation of normal structures, acquired and developmental abnormalities, infections, sialoliths, dysplasias, cysts, malignant lesions, benign tumors, and various diseases other than tumors.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 563
ENDO 566 Advanced Radiographic Interpretation (2)
Various aspects of radiographic interpretation of particular relevance to endodontics, including malignant lesions, benign tumors, various diseases other than tumors, soft-tissue calcifications, and radiographic technique.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 566
ENDO 568 Endodontic Practice Management (1)
Essential elements for establishing and managing a successful specialty practice in Endodontics. Prerequisite: ENDO 562.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 568
ENDO 580 Endodontic Seminar (2)
Ongoing weekly seminar devoted to review of endodontic and related literature and discussion of research methods. Offered: S.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 580
ENDO 581 Endodontic Seminar (2)
Ongoing weekly seminar devoted to review of endodontic and related literature and discussion of research methods. Offered: A.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 581
ENDO 582 Endodontic Seminar (2)
Ongoing weekly seminar devoted to review of endodontic and related literature and discussion of research methods. Offered: W.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 582
ENDO 583 Endodontic Seminar (2)
Ongoing weekly seminar devoted to review of endodontic and related literature and discussion of research methods. Offered: Sp.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 583
ENDO 584 Endodontic Seminar (2)
Ongoing weekly seminar devoted to review of endodontic and related literature and discussion of research methods. Offered: S.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 584
ENDO 585 Endodontic Seminar (2)
Ongoing weekly seminar devoted to review of endodontic and related literature and discussion of research methods. Offered: A.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 585
ENDO 586 Endodontic Seminar (2)
Ongoing weekly seminar devoted to review of endodontic and related literature and discussion of research methods. Offered: W.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 586
ENDO 587 Endodontic Seminar (2)
Ongoing weekly seminar devoted to review of endodontic and related literature and discussion of research methods. Offered: Sp.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 587
ENDO 590 Treatment Planning Seminar (2, max. 16)
Weekly seminar to discuss controversial treatment problems, difficult diagnostic cases, and presentation of endodontic treatment cases. Offered: AWSpS.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 590
ENDO 593 Clinical Practice Teaching (1, max. 3)
Closely supervised experience in teaching clinical endodontics to the undergraduate dental student. Offered: SpS.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 593
ENDO 594 Current Endodontic Literature (1)
A review and critical evaluation of the current literature relative to endodontics. Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSpS.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 594
ENDO 595 Endodontic Surgery (2)
Reviews biological and technical aspects of endodontic surgery with emphasis on both the classic and current scientific surgical literature. Lectures and topic seminar discussion along with surgical case presentations.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 595
ENDO 597 Endodontics Teaching Seminar (2)
Weekly seminars devoted to an examination of general problems of teaching and learning and specific problems of endodontics teaching.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 597
ENDO 598 Endodontics Teaching Seminar (2)
Weekly seminars devoted to an examination of general problems of teaching and learning and specific problems of endodontics teaching.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 598
ENDO 600 Independent Study or Research (*-)
Prerequisite: permission of Graduate Program Adviser. Offered: AWSpS.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 600
ENDO 630 P-Clinical Endodontics (1-, max. 7)
Student is required to complete endodontic treatment of anterior, premolar, and molar teeth. In addition to nonsurgical treatment of several endodontic cases, the student assists with a periapical surgery. Student must complete seven quarters of ENDO 630 and all course requirements before a grade is awarded. Offered: AWSpS.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 630
ENDO 658 Endodontic Emergency Rotation (1)
Clinical experience in managing and treating patients in pain. Credit/no-credit only. Offered: AWSpS.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 658
ENDO 659 P-Endodontics Extended Learning (*, max. 4)
Supplemental work in endodontics to correct an area of student deficiency. Credit/no-credit only.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 659
ENDO 660 Clinical Endodontics (4, max. 32)
Clinical diagnosis and treatment of pulpal pathosis and related sequelae. Offered: AWSpS.
View course details in MyPlan: ENDO 660


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Set the optimal time balance charge rate for you! With the default settings, +1 minute will be given every 10 minutes, but it can be adjusted for optimal productivity, distraction, and attention span levels.
Add sites to block and (optionally) allow, one per line. Subdomains and subpaths are accepted, and if not provided will be wildcarded.
The allowed sites override the blocked sites and can be used to allow specific subdomains or subpaths.
Morphine is a website blocker with a twist. Instead of allotting a certain amount of time each day for using blocked sites, Morphine gives you a "balance" to pull from, which is very slowly filled with minutes.  In other words: Regulated Distraction™®!
But why take this approach? Well, let's say you're at work and have a standard website blocker turned on.  However if you were using Morphine, your wait would be no more than 10 minutes (by default), since the balance is always slowly being added to.
Ready to get started? Using the balance is very easy. Once you've set the options above to your taste, click on the Morphine icon in the toolbar or try to visit a blocked site. A page with a few large buttons with numbers will be displayed—these represent minutes. Click one to add that number to the "meter". Once the meter is used up, the sites will return to being blocked.
Having a problem with Morphine? Got a question or idea? Feel free to send me an email, and I'll try and respond as quickly as possible :)
If you're a developer and would like to contribute, awesome! Morphine is open source, and can be found on GitHub.
I'm a 17 year old software engineer, pioneering time-based search at SpotOn. My passion is creating beautiful, useful, and fun things. Like this extension? Check out my other stuff!


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Several years ago Milos Forman glorified the despicable Larry Flynt in a move that was both phony and inaccurate. Now here we go again! Not nearly as contemptible as Flynt, Andy Kaufman was a non-star and manipulater and in many ways himself contemptible. But with Forman, who cares about facts when he has a movie and agenda to get across? Andy Kaufman made occasional guest appearances on Saturday Night Live in the Seventies; he was not a guest host. A few of his routines were mildly amusing such as the Mighty Mouse lip synch or the Elvis impersonation coming out of the Latka character. He then went on to a small role on the "Taxi" TV series as Latka - a one-note semi-joke built into a character, and that was contrived. After that he did appearances elsewhere.
Perhaps the most infamous of those appearances was on ABC's "Fridays" in 1981. That show was a very good Saturday Night Live clone that was unfortunately killed for Ted Koppell's program; that clearly was cost-cutting by ABC.  The cast looked embarrassed and producer Jack Burns (formerly part of a comedy team) attacked him on air. There was subsequently a running deal about Kaufman apologizing on air and coming back, ad nauseam.
There may be some question if the cast of "Fridays" was in on this, but Burns pulled his punches and clearly WAS in on it. And I have that on video. All Kaufman was doing was deliberately and with great calculation jerking around the audience and viewers with this phony act of chaos. AND THAT WAS KAUFMAN'S SPECIALITY.
He played mind games on audiences again and again, and the second most notorious piece of his schtick was boasting about beating women in wrestling - and then doing so. He once took on an extremely athletic Playboy centerfold named Susan Smith - and Andy needed a quick count from the ref to get a win. More mind games. When he took on a professional male wrestler he got pile-driven head first into the mat - and then walked around whining with a collar on for an allegedly damaged neck. By then Kaufman had zero credibility.
 The jerking around of the audience may have been an "in" joke to some - those who knew it was an act - but even at that level it had worn very thin. For other viewers it was cheap manipulation; style over substance. Kaufman was usually booed, and when smacked in the face by the wrestler who allegedly "injured" him on late night TV people cheered.
But now Forman has tried to make him some sort of inspired hero ahead of his time, in the Lenny Bruce mold. But he and Bruce were minor even in their own times.
Clearly Jim Carrey feels an affinity to Kaufman as they both have the same birthday. But Carrey, who often mugs and overacts painfully, is far more talented and accomplished already than Kaufman ever was. Perhaps people need to find idols and icons.
The movie itself features all of Kaufman's "comedy" bits well impersonated by Carrey. It jumps from one to another and is itself style over substance. I never did figure out why Kaufman did what he did. Were the mind games that he thought of a form of comedy and entertainment - or a substitute for creativity and talent? He may have thought them creative; most people at the time did NOT. Why did he feel the need to play with people's heads at all? The question was never answered for me.
If you were that minority of people from two decades ago who liked Kaufman you will love this movie. If you are gullible enough to believe the Forman version of facts and think Kaufman's stylistic antics were truly creative, well, you'll like the film too - and I'll bet they could also be sold the Brooklyn Bridge.
Thumbs down.
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Edit me
If you have several independent lengthy analytics to perform on each tuple, you may determine that it would be advantageous to perform the analytics concurrently and then combine their results.
The overall proessing time for a single tuple is then roughly that of the slowest analytic pipeline instead of the aggregate of each analytic pipeline.
This usage model is in contrast to what's often referred to as parallel tuple processing where several tuples are processed in parallel in replicated pipeline channels.
e.g., for independent analytic pipelines A1, A2, and A3, you want to change the serial processing flow graph from:
sensorReadings<T> -> A1 -> A2 -> A3 -> results<R>
to a flow where the analytics run concurrently in a flow like:
|-> A1 ->|
sensorReadings<T> -> |-> A2 ->| -> results<R>
|-> A3 ->|
The key to the above flow is to use a barrier to synchronize the results from each of the pipelines so they can be combined into a single result tuple. Each of the concurrent channels also needs a thread to run its analytic pipeline.
PlumbingStreams.concurrent()
builds a concurrent flow graph for you. Alternatively, you can use PlumbingStreams.barrier()
and PlumbingStreams.isolate()
and build a concurrent flow graph yourself.
More specifically concurrent()
generates a flow like:
|-> isolate(1) -> pipeline1 -> |
stream -> |-> isolate(1) -> pipeline2 -> |-> barrier(10) -> combiner
|-> isolate(1) -> pipeline3 -> |
It's easy to use concurrent()
!
Define the collection of analytic pipelines to run
For the moment assume we have defined methods to create each pipeline: a1pipeline()
, a2pipeline()
and a3pipeline()
. In this simple recipe each pipeline receives a TStream<Double>
as input and generates a TStream<String>
as output.
List<Function<TStream<Double>, TStream<String>>> pipelines = new ArrayList<>();
pipelines.add(a1pipeline());
pipelines.add(a2pipeline());
pipelines.add(a3pipeline());
Define the result combiner
Each pipeline creates one result tuple for each input tuple. The barrier
collects one tuple from each pipeline and then creates a list of those tuples. The combiner is invoked with that list to generate the final aggregate result tuple.
In this recipe the combiner is a simple lambda function that returns the input list:
Function<List<String>, List<String>> combiner = list -> list;
Build the concurrent flow
TStream<List<String>> results = PlumbingStreams.concurrent(readings, pipelines, combiner);
Define your analytic pipelines
For each analytic pipeline, define a Function<TStream<T>, TStream<U>>
that will create the pipeline. That is, define a function that takes a TStream<T>
as its input and yields a TStream<U>
as its result. Of course, U
can be the same type as T
.
In this recipe we'll just define some very simple pipelines and use sleep to simulate some long processing times.
Here's the A3 pipeline builder:
static Function<TStream<Double>,TStream<String>> a3pipeline() {
// simple 3 stage pipeline simulating some amount of work by sleeping
return stream -> stream.map(tuple -> {
sleep(800, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
return "This is the a3pipeline result for tuple "+tuple;
}).tag("a3.stage1")
.map(Functions.identity()).tag("a3.stage2")
.map(Functions.identity()).tag("a3.stage3");
}
The final application
When the application is run it prints out an aggregate result (a list of one tuple from each pipeline) every second. If the three pipelines were run serially, it would take on the order of 2.4 seconds to generate each aggregate result.
package quarks.samples.topology;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.concurrent.TimeUnit;
import quarks.console.server.HttpServer;
import quarks.function.Function;
import quarks.function.Functions;
import quarks.providers.development.DevelopmentProvider;
import quarks.providers.direct.DirectProvider;
import quarks.samples.utils.sensor.SimpleSimulatedSensor;
import quarks.topology.TStream;
import quarks.topology.Topology;
import quarks.topology.plumbing.PlumbingStreams;
/**
* A recipe for concurrent analytics.
*/
public class ConcurrentRecipe {
/**
* Concurrently run a collection of long running independent
* analytic pipelines on each tuple.
*/
public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
DirectProvider dp = new DevelopmentProvider();
System.out.println("development console url: "
+ dp.getServices().getService(HttpServer.class).getConsoleUrl());
Topology top = dp.newTopology("ConcurrentRecipe");
// Define the list of independent unique analytic pipelines to include
List<Function<TStream<Double>,TStream<String>>> pipelines = new ArrayList<>();
pipelines.add(a1pipeline());
pipelines.add(a2pipeline());
pipelines.add(a3pipeline());
// Define the result combiner function. The combiner receives
// a tuple containing a list of tuples, one from each pipeline,
// and returns a result tuple of any type from them.
// In this recipe we'll just return the list.
Function<List<String>,List<String>> combiner = list -> list;
// Generate a polled simulated sensor stream
SimpleSimulatedSensor sensor = new SimpleSimulatedSensor();
TStream<Double> readings = top.poll(sensor, 1, TimeUnit.SECONDS)
.tag("readings");
// Build the concurrent analytic pipeline flow
TStream<List<String>> results =
PlumbingStreams.concurrent(readings, pipelines, combiner)
.tag("results");
// Print out the results.
results.sink(list -> System.out.println(new Date().toString() + " results tuple: " + list));
System.out.println("Notice how an aggregate result is generated every second."
+ "\nEach aggregate result would take 2.4sec if performed serially.");
dp.submit(top);
}
/** Function to create analytic pipeline a1 and add it to a stream */
private static Function<TStream<Double>,TStream<String>> a1pipeline() {
// a simple 1 stage pipeline simulating some amount of work by sleeping
return stream -> stream.map(tuple -> {
sleep(800, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
return "This is the a1pipeline result for tuple "+tuple;
}).tag("a1.stage1");
}
/** Function to create analytic pipeline a2 and add it to a stream */
private static Function<TStream<Double>,TStream<String>> a2pipeline() {
// a simple 2 stage pipeline simulating some amount of work by sleeping
return stream -> stream.map(tuple -> {
sleep(800, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
return "This is the a2pipeline result for tuple "+tuple;
}).tag("a2.stage1")
.map(Functions.identity()).tag("a2.stage2");
}
/** Function to create analytic pipeline a3 and add it to a stream */
private static Function<TStream<Double>,TStream<String>> a3pipeline() {
// a simple 3 stage pipeline simulating some amount of work by sleeping
return stream -> stream.map(tuple -> {
sleep(800, TimeUnit.MILLISECONDS);
return "This is the a3pipeline result for tuple "+tuple;
}).tag("a3.stage1")
.map(Functions.identity()).tag("a3.stage2")
.map(Functions.identity()).tag("a3.stage3");
}
private static void sleep(long period, TimeUnit unit) throws RuntimeException {
try {
Thread.sleep(unit.toMillis(period));
} catch (InterruptedException e) {
throw new RuntimeException("Interrupted", e);
}
}
}


Isar735.github.io
College Writing From Paragraph To Essay Macmillan.
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I appreciate organization in most aspects of my life and my digital footprint is no exception. I’m always looking for ways to optimize my workflow, I’ll try to keep this post updated in the future.
I use git to organize my work files - including text documents, presentations, and code. Git allows me to work across multiple platforms and control my versioning with decent precision. I work with sensitive data files so I always have git ignore data files (see gist).
All my work folders sit in my primary work directory (called ERGOT after my lab). I then use three-digit codes to sequentially number my projects. I create “projects” pretty liberally. Some projects are formally assigned projects where I know I’ll be writing papers and multiple files. Others are one-off analyses that don’t fit into another space.
Sub-directory 000 is reserved for my workspace. In the root directory are non-code related files such as word documents, presentations, or pdfs. In the workspace are sub-directorys dedicated to code. Sub-directory 000 in my workspace is an example folder that contains a skeleton with .keep files so that git recognizes these folders. I have two reasons to keep my code seperate: 1) it looks so much better with my prefix system for do-files and R-scripts and 2) you can use 000_workspace as the directory for your text editor (I use Atom) and not be bogged down by non-script files.
So ERGOT/014_nepal would be papers I’m writing about research in Nepal and ERGOT/000_workspace/014_nepal would contain my scripts for the Nepal data analysis.
My data analysis directories have five sub-directories. 01_logs contains all Stata log files. 02_figs contains all figs. 03_models contains text files with logs or outreg output from models run in Stata or R. 04_tables contains text files or worksheets with table outputs from Stata or R. R_objects keeps all the R objects worth saving.
I then start writing do-files with two digit prefixes (staring with 05). In most cases I start with an exploration do file so ERGOT/000_workspace/014_nepal/05_explore.do would contain some of my exploratory data analysis code. R scripts start with R followed by two digits (e.g. R01_explore). I write more Stata scripts than R scripts so I don’t mind pushing all R stuff lower in the ordering.
Recently I created a new directory in my workspace called 999_scripts. I plan on storing scripts that are generalized for quick analyses. For example, I have a script that will pull the latest SRTR data file for kidney tranplants and calculate KDPI. If I’m sitting in a talk about KDPI in the future and want to replicate an analysis in real-time I’ll be able to just run 999_scripts/kdpi and then apply restrictions to get to the proper study population.
Today I’ve made a new reserved prefix. 998_bash contains all my bash files (used to submit cluster jobs). I used to have these sitting in a folder in my main work directory but these were always outside my Atom path.
My root work directory also contains unnumbered folders for some extra stuff.
Here’s a gist of my gitignore.
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Click here to go to My sweet CupCake page
This is one of my first html/css examples. Don't get too excited, it's not that great. But it does have nice pictures of cupcakes !
Click here to go to My sweet Recipes page
I got yummmmmy recipes. And I put them all here. Current recipes are...
Click here to go to My sweet (future) Python projects page
Ohhhh People. Once I get this coding thing down, I'm going to learn python, and then SAVE THE WORLD !!
My favorite color is purple
I obtained a degree in Chemistry, and went on to work in molecular modeling software support for over 10 years.
My hobby is adventure cycling.


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OpenLibrary()
语法
Result = OpenLibrary(#Library, Filename$)概要
Opens a shared library in order that the functions within it may be accessed.
参数
#Library A number to identify this library. #PB_Any 可以用来自动生成这个编码. Filename$ The filename of the library to load. If the filename does not include a path, then the operating system will search for the library in its system folders, the applications directory and the current directory.
返回值
Returns nonzero if the library was opened successfully and zero if not. If #PB_Any was used as the #Library parameter then the generated number for the library is returned on success.
参阅
CloseLibrary(), GetFunction(), prototypes
已支持操作系统
所有


Mingle at the Mansion set for Dec. 14
Preservation Oklahoma Inc. will kick off the holiday season at the second annual Mingle at the Mansion, presented by Sage Sotheby’s International Realty, from 6 to 9 p.m. Dec. 14 at the Overholser Mansion, 405 NW 15 in historic Heritage Hills.
The velvet ropes of the Overholser Mansion will come down and partygoers are invited to experience the house in all of its splendor, just as the Overholser family would have in its golden age of parties.
Guests can tour the house with all the halls decked for the holidays while enjoying light bites and festive libations provided by COOP Ale Works, Artisan Fine Wines and Oklahoma Distilling. Holiday music by The Savoy Trio will play as guests mingle and explore this 1903 Oklahoma treasure. Holiday attire is encouraged.
Tickets for Mingle at the Mansion are $60, and can be purchased at www.preservationok.org/mingle-at-the-mansion. For more information or to learn about sponsorship opportunities, contact Cayla Lewis at 525-5325 or director@preservationok.org.


--- layout: post title: 'CPshared and CPUG: A Couple of Observations' date: 2011-03-14 23:40:00.000000000 -07:00 type: post published: true status: publish categories: [] tags: - Check Point - cpshared - cpug meta: _publicize_pending: '1' author: login: phoneboy email<EMAIL_ADDRESS>display_name: Dameon Welch first_name: '' last_name: '' ---
On the two Check Point user community sites CPUG and CPshared, I made a couple of interesting observations today:
Keep in mind that the CPUG forums have been around since August 2005. CPshared was only "officially" announced last week--it had been privately tested for about 4 weeks before that.
Again, these are just observations. They may be completely meaningless. You can come to your own conclusions here.


This short paper contains the design of a Joy interpreter written in Joy itself.
Let L1 and L2 be two languages.
An interpreter for language L1 , written in language L2
is a program P which takes as a parameter any program written
in L1 and executes it in the same way as a processor for L1 would have.
If the two languages are the same language L ,
such an interpreter is called metacircular.
Languages in which program = data
make it particularly easy to write an interpreter
in its own language.
The best known example is the Lisp interpreter eval
.
A metacircular interpreter for Joy can also be written.
The remainder of this paper assumes some familiarity with Joy.
A Joy interpreter in Joy is a program
which expects a quoted program on top of the stack and executes it.
The following is the design of Joy interpreter joy
written in Joy itself.
The first version of the interpreter is merely a reminder that
Joy already has a combinator,
the i
combinator,
which removes a program from the top of the stack and executes it.
joy == i
The next version makes explicit the fact that Joy programs
are sequences which are executed by stepping through the
members of the sequence.
For each member in the sequence an appropriate action
is taken.
The step
combinator will indiscriminately
leave literals, operators and combinators on top of the stack.
But any operators and combinators on top of the stack
cannot actually be executed.
However, their unitlist can be executed by
the i combinator.
So this is the next version of the interpreter:
joy == [ unitlist i ] step
The last interpreter does not actually specify what is to be done what a particular element of the sequence has appeared on top of the stack. A better one should say things like this for the operators:
If the top element is "+" then pop off the "+" and add the two numbers below If the top element is "rest" then pop off the "rest" and take the rest of the aggregate belowFor the literals it is even simpler:
If the top element is any number then leave it there and do not do anything If the top number is any list then leave it there and do not do anythingEssentially we need a way of examining what is on top of the stack and executing the appropriate action. So in the previous version of the interpreter we must replace the
unitlist
by something more specific.
It has to consist of several cases,
for the various literals, operators and combinators.
The opcase operator is suitable for just that.
It expects any kind of item on top of the stack,
and above that a list of cases.
Each case is a list consisting
of a test item and a (possibly) empty rest.
The effect of the opcase
operator
is to remove the top item and the list of cases,
and to leave behind the rest of case for which
the item matched the test item.
The last case in the list is the default,
it does not have a test item.
The default is returned if there was no match.
For the present design step the default does nothing.
The following is what has to replace the unitlist
in the interpreter:
[ [ 0 ] (* sample number *) [ [] ] (* sample list *) [ + pop + ] (* addition operator *) [ rest pop rest ] (* rest operator *) [ ] ] (* default, do nothing *) opcaseIt is an easy matter to add the other cases for literals. They have to be treated just like numbers and list:
[ 'A ] (* sample character *) [ true ] (* sample truth value *) [ "" ] (* sample string *) [ {} ] (* sample set *)Similarly, other operators have to be added such as
[ swap pop swap ] (* swap operator *) [ cons pop cons ] (* cons operator *)
For the combinators it is tempting to treat them just like operators:
[ dip pop dip ] (* dip combinator - WRONG *) [ map pop map ] (* map combinator - WRONG *)This will work correctly, but it just uses the Joy system inside the quoted program that is being called by
i
or map
.
Instead it should use the Joy-in-Joy interpreter that we are writing.
To achieve that effect,
the program parameter [P]
for the combinator
has to be replaced by [[P] joy]
.
For i
, dip
and map
and other unary combinators this is quite easy:
after the pop
execute [joy] cons
.
This gives cases like the following:
[ i pop [joy] cons i ] (* i combinator *) [ dip pop [joy] cons dip ] (* dip combinator *) [ map pop [joy] cons map ] (* map combinator *)The case for the
i
combinator
is unnecessarily inefficient,
it could be optimised to
[ i pop joy ] (* i combinator *)However, for uniformity this optimisation will not be used here.
So that we do not lose track, here is the interpreter as designed so far:
joy == (* literals *) [ [ [ 0 ] [ [] ] [ true ] [ 'A ] [ "" ] [ {} ] (* operators *) [ + pop + ] [ rest pop rest ] [ dup pop dup ] [ swap pop swap ] [ pop pop pop ] [ - pop - ] [ and pop and ] [ cons pop cons ] (* unary combinators *) [ i pop [joy] cons i ] [ dip pop [joy] cons dip ] [ map pop [joy] cons map ] [ filter pop [joy] cons filter ] [ ] ] (* provisional default *) opcase i ] step
The interpreter is getting close to its final shape now,
but several things need to be fixed.
Obviously the binary combinators
have to be treated in a way that is similar to the unary ones:
The two program parameters [P]
and [Q]
have to be replaced by [[P] joy]
and [[Q] joy]
.
This is best done by using the app2 combinator as follows:
[[joy] cons] app2So for the binary combinators the cases look like this:
(* binary combinators *) [ branch pop [[joy] cons] app2 branch ] [ cleave pop [[joy] cons] app2 cleave ]For the ternary combinators and quaternary combinators the pattern is much the same, there are now three or four program parameters that need to be modified. This is easily done using the app3 and app4 combinators to effect the modification.
(* ternary combinators *) [ ifte pop [[joy] cons] app3 ifte ] (* quaternary combinators *) [ linrec pop [[joy] cons] app4 linrec ] [ binrec pop [[joy] cons] app4 binrec ]
There are still two major amendments needed for the interpreter.
The first concerns user defined symbols as they might occur
in the standard library,
the personal library
or in the preamble to a particular run.
All Joy symbols have an internal tag, and
the tags differ individually only for the
operators and combinators.
However, all numbers have the same internal tag,
all characters have the same tag,
all lists have the same tag and so on.
Similarly all defined symbols have the same tag.
The opcase
operator looks at these tags,
so all that is needed is one new case for user defined symbols.
Just as any number will do as the prototype for numbers,
so any user defined symbol will do as the prototype for defined symbols.
We might as well choose "joy".
When a defined symbol has been encountered,
it is necessary to find its definition,
which is the program that constitutes the body of that definition.
The body operator will find that,
it expects a user defined symbol on top of the stack
and returns the defining program in quoted form.
The Joy interpreter now has to execute this.
But it is essential that the Joy interpreter
should execute inside that quotation.
So it will not do to use the i
combinator,
but the joy
interpreter itself has to be used.
Hence the case for user defined symbols is just
[ joy body joy ]The single most common case will be the call of a defined atom rather than an inbuilt one. To improve efficiency this case (with
joy
) is placed to the front
of the caselist.
It always possible
that the interpreter is used for programs
which contain operators or combinators
that are part of the language (not used defined)
but have not been given cases in the interpreter itself,
either intentionally or through neglect.
The joy interpreter should be able
to perform reasonably for those operators and combinators.
So this is where the default clause for the opcase
operator comes in handy.
When none of the listed case apply,
treat the symbol as we did in the second version of the interpreter:
take the unitlist
and use the i
combinator
to execute that.
Instead of using unitlist
it is better to use
its definition [] cons
.
So the default clause looks like this:
[ [] cons i ] (* default *)
This completes the working design of the interpreter. The following is its structure with the last two additions written out fully:
joy == [ [ [ joy body joy ] (* user defined *) ... (* literals *) ... (* operators *) ... (* unary combinators *) ... (* binary combinators *) ... (* ternary combinators *) ... (* quaternary combinators *) [ [] cons i ] ] (* default *) opcase i ] step
Before we write out a more complete version of the interpreter, it is useful to make a number of changes to the design.
Firstly, the cases for the combinators of various arities
contain common code which is repeated again and again.
The interpreter becomes more readable if such instances are
factored out and defined separately.
There are cases for unary, binary, ternary and quaternary combinators,
and for each of these the common code will be called
cr1
, cr2
, cr3
and cr4
.
For uniformity the code for cr1
is assimilated
to that of the others, using app1.
Since they are not likely to be wanted anywhere else,
their definitions are given inside a HIDE declaration.
Secondly,
it could be useful if the default case does its job not
silently but traces out each symbol that it hands over
to the Joy system.
Such symbols are dup
licated and then written out by put.
This now makes the default case
[ dup put [] cons i ]
The interpreter joy now looks like this:
HIDE cr1 == pop [[joy] cons] app1; cr2 == pop [[joy] cons] app2; cr3 == pop [[joy] cons] app3; cr4 == pop [[joy] cons] app4 IN joy == [ [ [ joy body joy ] [ [] ] [ 0 ] ... [ dup pop dup ] [ + pop + ] [ cons pop cons ] [ put pop put ] ... [ i cr1 i ] [ dip cr1 dip ] [ map cr1 map ] [ filter cr1 filter ] [ app1 cr1 app1 ] [ app2 cr1 app2 ] ... [ ifte cr3 ifte ] [ linrec cr4 linrec ] [ binrec cr4 binrec ] ... [ dup put [] cons i ] ] opcase i ] step END
The interpreter has appropriate cases for all literals and for quite a few operators and combinators. Most operators and combinators are still missing and will therefore be handled by the default clause. However, it is straightforward to make the interpreter more comprehensive and even complete.
It is of some interest to write an interpreter that is
just adequate to interpret itself and leaves
everything else to the default clause.
The following is the minimal Joy interpreter joy0;
for variety it uses the optimisation for the i
combinator
mentioned earlier.
joy0 == [ [ [ joy0 body joy0 ] [ [] ] [ pop pop pop ] [ cons pop cons ] [ opcase pop opcase ] [ body pop body ] [ i pop joy0 ] [ step pop [joy0] cons step ] [ [] cons i ] ] opcase i ] step
The two versions joy and joy0 are in the file Joy in Joy .


Welcome to lingcorpora’s documentation!¶
This package includes API for
- National Corpus of Russian Language
- Parallel subcorpus of National Corpus of Russian Language
- Center of Chinese Linguistics corpus
- Corpus Bambara de Reference
- Maninka Automatically Parsed corpus
R version of this package by George Moroz is located here.
The package is available under MIT license.
Contents:
About¶
The project is maintained by George Moroz and several students of School of Linguistics of Higher School of Economics. At different stages, the following people have contributed to the project: Alexey Koshevoy, Mark Sobolev, Ekaterina Gerasimenko, Anna Zueva, Diana Malyshok, Artyom Kopetskiy, Maria Terekhina, Ustinya Kosheleva.
Contributing¶
Reporting a bug & requesting functionality¶
You can report a bug, ask a question or suggest adding features via Issues in the repository.
Making new corpora and proposing changes¶
You are welcome to suggest your improvements to the source code and make APIs for more corpora. You should propose changes via pull requests. Your code should fit into the overall structure, which is described in the guide.


Created at 2018-02-22 12:29:17 , with PHPMetrics v2.3.2 (Jean-François Lépine).
2159
lines of code
31 (100 %)
classes
0 (0 %)
interfaces
4
methods by class
41
logical lines of code by class
10
logical lines of code by method
1.77
average LCOM
Top 10 ClassRank
| Class | ClassRank |
|---|---|
| App\Entity\User 87.56 | 0.14 |
| App\Entity\Post 81.31 | 0.1 |
| App\Entity\Tag 104.24 | 0.1 |
| App\Entity\Comment 91.95 | 0.07 |
| App\Twig\SourceCodeExtension 77.27 | 0.04 |
| App\Utils\Validator 74.36 | 0.03 |
| App\Utils\MomentFormatConverter 101.96 | 0.03 |
| App\Utils\Slugger 111.15 | 0.03 |
| App\Utils\Markdown 98.06 | 0.03 |
| App\Form\DataTransformer\TagArrayToStringTransformer 95.88 | 0.03 |
2.94
Average cyclomatic complexity by class


High Priest Sylvain:
(Tell him that you met Preacher Sla and gave him the manifesto, and have returned with a message from him.)
Only a strong and unified Temple can bring peace to this continent, and only concentrated power can protect the people.
Besides, the angel of Einhasad has obviously come down to empower us in our holy mission. What else would it mean?
But even with this clear evidence, I see they will not accept the truth. I just do not understand them...
We are now attempting to determine the angel's exact whereabouts.
Once we contact the angel, surely even the apostates must accept our authority.
"Is the investigation under way?"


First we download a language file from Facebook's Fasttext site. After unzipping it we run write_vectors to select the N most common words that are "good" (typically lowercase and only letters). We also run write_js which selects the same words but outputs it in a file that is JavaScript syntax. write_vectors and write_js are defined in this Python Jupyter file.
Then to generate the translation matrix one needs the vectors file produced by write_vectors as well as a vocabulary list. Between 500 words seems to work fine. We used 1000mostcommonwords.com and this JavaScript script to turn a vocabulary page into the correct format and length. The Jupyter file defines translate. It seems to work fine ignoring the warnings. Finally download translate.html to the folder with the generated files and open it up. It will generate a rotated version of the JavaScript file of word embeddings that needs to be saved (and the tiny bit of HTML at the top and bottom of the file need to be removed).
Finally to generate 2D locations for the words download tsne.html to the folder with the generated files and open it up. After several minutes a text area with the locations will appear in the text area. Your computer may be sluggish while this is running. Save the generated locations in a file named word-locations.js. To view the word embeddings using Tensorflow's projector one needs to copy projector.html to the language's folder and open it. Save the results in two files and host them on the web along with the projector.json file described on the Projector page.
To use another language there is a block called "wait for word embeddings ..." that can optionally take a URL to load another language.


| Date and Time | Location | Title of Talk | Presenter(s) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Wednesday August 24, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | Welcome to Hacker Society and Intro. to Linux | Tim Henderson, Andrew Mason and Thomas Murphy |
| Wednesday September 2, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | Hacker Society Bootcamp 1: Git and Gradle | Andrew Mason and Tim Henderson |
| Wednesday September 9, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | Hacker Society Bootcamp 2: Sublime Text and Python | Yidi Huang, Jeff Copeland and Stephan Brennan |
| Wednesday September 16, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | Vim: The One True Text Editor | Andrew Wolfe of OnShift |
| Wednesday September 23, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | Blinking Lights and Pretty Patterns: How to do a Hardware Project | Andrew Hennesey |
| Wednesday September 30, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | TBA | Bryan Marty of Yelp |
| Wednesday October 7, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | TBA | Rob Wiesler a Hacker Alum |
| Wednesday October 14, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | TBA | TBA |
| Wednesday October 21, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | Making a Simple Robot | Marc Sturzl (tentative) |
| Wednesday October 28, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | TBA | TBA |
| Wednesday November 4, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | Managing Complex Systems: A Tour of Campus Infrastructure | Tyler Laseter |
| Wednesday November 11, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | TBA | TBA |
| Wednesday November 18, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | TBA | TBA |
| Wednesday November 25, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Your House | Turkey Prep | You, prepping for Thanksgiving! |
| Wednesday December 2, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | TBA | TBA |
| Wednesday December 9, 2015 at 7:30 pm | Glennan 421 | TBA | TBA |