SJSU CS Wiki Use Cases
A copy of the SJSU CS wiki curated by Cay Horstmann. Retrieved from the Internet Archive.
Version 1.69 last modified by XWikiGuest on 08/04/2008 at 23:07
Properties in Other Languages
JavaFX Script
“bean properties and public fields of Java classes are reflected as JavaFX attributes” - JavaFX Script Programming Language Reference.
All examples below are also taken from the JavaFX Reference document.
Attribute Declaration
class X { attribute a: Number; attribute b: Number; }
Attribute Initialization (Object Literals)
var chris = Person { name: "Chris" children: [Person { name: "Dee" }, Person { name: "Candice" }] };
Attribute Access
class X { attribute a: Number; attribute b: Number; } attribute X.a = 10; // Default Initial values attribute X.b = -1; var x = new X(); System.out.println(x.a); // prints 10 System.out.println(x.b); // prints -1
Beans Binding
Lazy binding means that the binding is not evaluated until the variable is first accessed. Eager binding (the default) evaluates at the time of declaration.
class X { attribute a: Number; attribute b: Number; attribute c: Number; } attribute X.a = 10; attribute X.b = bind a + 10; attribute X.c = bind lazy b + 10; var x = new X(); System.out.println(x.a); // prints 10 System.out.println(x.b); // prints 20 System.out.println(x.c); // prints 30 x.a = 5; System.out.println(x.a); // prints 5 System.out.println(x.b); // prints 15 System.out.println(x.c); // prints 25
Bound Properties (attribute triggers)
class X { attribute a: Number; attribute b: Number; } trigger on X.b = newValue { System.out.println("X.b is now {newValue}"); }
Groovy
Examples from http://groovy.codehaus.org/Groovy+Beans .
Simple Example
class Customer { // properties Integer id String name Date dob // sample code static void main(args) { def customer = new Customer(id:1, name:"Gromit", dob:new Date()) println("Hello ${customer.name}") } }
Advanced Example
class Foo { // read only property final String name = "John" // read only property with public getter and protected setter Integer amount protected void setAmount(Integer amount) { this.amount = amount } // dynamically typed property def cheese }
Even more advanced example
ExpandoMetaClass in action, available starting with Groovy 1.1.
From ExpandoMetaClass
class Book { String title } Book.metaClass.getAuthor <;<; {-> "Stephen King" } // Class prototype allows dynamic introduction of property def b = new Book("The Stand") assert "Stephen King" == b.author
Custom Binding (for Swing)
From SwingBuilder
swing.frame() { panel { textField('Change Me!', id:'tf') button(text: bind(source:tf.document, sourceEvent:'undoableEditHappened', sourceValue:{tf.text})) } }
JavaScript
“An ECMAScript object is an unordered collection of properties” - ECMAScript: A general purpose, cross-platform programming language http://www.mozilla.org/js/language/E262.pdf
Objects in JavaScript up to version 1.5 are like hashtables and as such do not have support for “real” properties with getters and setters. Properties with getters and setters are introduced in JavaScript 2.0 which is still under development at the time this document was written.
Properties are like entries in a hashtable and can be accessed with either a dot or array syntax.
var object = new Object(); object.myProperty = 23 alert(object.myProperty + 5) // outputs 28 object["prop2"] = 8 alert(object["myProperty"] + object.prop2) // outputs 31
Object Initializers (aka Object Literals)
JavaScript 1.5 (ECMA-262 Edition 3, Dec 1999) introduces the object literal syntax:
var object = { myProperty: 23, prop2: 8 };
XML Object Initializers
E4X introduces an XML initializer syntax: - Example from http://developer.mozilla.org/en/docs/Core_JavaScript_1.5_Guide:Processing_XML_with_E4X
var person = <;person id="123"> <;name>Bob Smith<;/name> <;likes> <;os>Linux<;/os> <;browser>Firefox<;/browser> <;language>JavaScript<;/language> <;language>Python<;/language> <;/likes> <;/person>; alert(person.@id); // 123 alert(person.name); // Bob Smith alert(person['name']); // Bob Smith alert(person.likes.browser); // Firefox alert(person['likes'].browser); // Firefox
JavaScript 2.0 (ECMAScript Edition 4, under development)
JavaScript 2.0 introduces “real” properties with getters and setters (along with support for class-based vs prototype-based objects and what looks like a pluggable (optional) type system - type annotations).
Examples shown below are taken from http://www.ecmascript.org/es4/spec/overview.pdf
Virtual Properties:
class C { function get x() { ... } function set x(value) { ... } }
“(A getter without a setter implements a read-only property.) Virtual properties can’t be added dynamically even if their class is dynamic.” - http://www.ecmascript.org/es4/spec/overview.pdf
Catch-all getters and setters:
Catch-all getters/setters handle references to dynamic properties only. Dynamic properties are properties introduced in object instances at runtime, as opposed to properties created as part of the class definition.
class D { meta function get(name) { ... } meta function set(name, value) { ... } }
Dynamic property example:
dynamic class C { } c = new C c.x = 37 // adds a property delete c.x // removes it again
ActionScript 3.0
ActionScript 3.0 supports the following syntax for defining properties, which was adopted for JavaScript 2.0 (described above):
package { public class Team { var teamName:String; var teamCode:String; var teamPlayers:Array = new Array(); public function Team(param_name:String, param_code:String) { teamName = param_name; teamCode = param_code; } public function get name():String { return teamName; } public function set name(param_name:String):void { teamName = param_name; } } } var giants:Team = new Team("San Fran", "SFO"); trace(giants.name); // output: San Fran giants.name = "San Francisco"; trace(giants.name); // output: San Francisco
Ruby
Properties in Ruby are called attributes. Member fields are called instance variables and are always private. Access to instance variables is qualified with @.
Full Syntax
class Person def initialize(name) @name = name end # getter def name @name end # setter (operator-overloading-like syntax) def name=(newName) @name = newName end end p = Person.new("Ivan") print p.name p.name = "John" print p.name
Short-hand Syntax
class Person def initialize(name) @name = name end # getter shorthand syntax (macro-like method generation) attr_reader :name # setter shorthand syntax attr_writer :name end
Advanced features (property literals, dynamic properties)
class DynamicPropertiesClass # Demonstrates property literals (qualified with colon /:/) # and dynamic property generation def method_missing(methodId, *args) name = methodId.id2name if name.index("=", -1) != nil && args.length == 1 then name = name[0, name.length-1] self.class.module_eval("attr_accessor :" + name) self.send(methodId, *args) else super end end end x = DynamicPropertiesClass.new y = DynamicPropertiesClass.new x.name = "hello world" # property dynamically print x.name # prints "hello world" print y.name # error - property does not exist in class; # it was only introduced in the instance pointed to by x
Python
Limitations
Python does not support encapsulation (private members). Both field (data) and method members of a class are defined as attributes and are public by default.
class Person: # simple class declaration name = '' # attributes age = 0 joe = Person() joe.name = 'Ivan' joe.age = 25 print joe.name, joe.age # prints "Ivan 25" joe.height = 510 # dynamic introduction of attributes is possible print joe.height # prints "510"
Property support regardless
Python has no language-level support for native properties. Since version 2.3, however, within the framework of new-style classes, the language does provide the machinery on top of which to build property support with data encapsulation and getter and setter methods for access.
This is implemented in the built-in property() function. That function constructs a property object very much like the property objects idiom in java proposed by some as an alternative to language-level syntax in Java.
>>> class Person(object): __name = '' def __get_name(self): print "getting name, which is " + self.__name return self.__name def __set_name(self, value): print "setting name to " + value self.__name = value name = property(__get_name, __set_name) >>> p = Person() >>> p.name = "hello" setting name to hello >>> p.name getting name, which is hello 'hello'
Name Mangling
Name mangling can be used to achieve some degree of information hiding in Python. Attribute names beginning with two underscores are internally converted to _classnameattrname, but this is primarily intended to avoid name collisions in class hierarchies (an inherited class defining a member by the same name as the member of a parent class, but for a different purpose).
With name mangling we can apply the Java getter/setter Java idiom to Python:
class Person: def __init__(self): self.__name = '' def getName(self): return self.__name def setName(self, value): self.__name = value p = Person() p.setName("Joe") print p.__name # AttributeError: __name attribute does not exist, it was mangled print p._Person__name # Joe - mangled attribute __name is still accessible by its full name print p.getName() # Joe p.__name = 'Ivan' # new attribute created print p.getName() # still Joe print p.__name # Ivan (value of newly created attribute
Catch-all getters and setters
Python supports a mechanism for trapping attribute access via special catch-all methods:
>>> class CatchAll(object): def __getattribute__(self, name): print 'reading ' + name return object.__getattribute__(self, name) def __setattr__(self, name, value): print 'writing ' + name object.__setattr__(self, name, value) >>> c = CatchAll() >>> c.name = 'Joe' writing name >>> print c.name reading name Joe >>>
The above example uses new-style class functionality available since Python 2.3. An old-style class implementation is also possible but more involved.
Custom property support implementation
The property() builtin function is implemented on top of the concept of descriptors in Python. Here is a sample implementation of a Property class which mimics the functionality provided by the property built-in.
>>> class Property(object): def __init__(self, getter, setter): self.__getter = getter self.__setter = setter def __get__(self, instance, owner=None): return self.__getter(instance) def __set__(self, instance, value): self.__setter(instance, value) >>> class Person(object): __name = '' def __get_name(self): print "getter of name property invoked" return self.__name def __set_name(self, value): print "setter of name property invoked" self.__name = value name = Property(__get_name, __set_name) >>> p = Person() >>> p.name = "hello" setter of name property invoked >>> p.name getter of name property invoked 'hello'
Perl (version 5)
Perl 5 introduces an object-oriented programming model. It has no language-level support for properties but instead adopts a convention where the getter and setter accessors are combined within a single method.
package Person; sub new { my $class = shift; my $self = { NAME => shift }; return bless($self); } # Combined getter + setter sub name { my $self = shift; if (@_) { $self->{NAME} = shift } return $self->{NAME}; } 1; package Main; $p = Person->new("John"); print $p->name, "\n"; # getter use (0 args) $p->name("Doe"); # setter use (1 arg) print $p->name, "\n";
PHP 5
As of version 5, PHP introduces an object-oriented syntax, but no language-level properties. Properties can be simulated with getters and setters like in Java:
class Person { private $name; public function __construct($name) { $this->name = $name; } public function get_name() { return $this->name; } public function set_name($name) { $this->name = $name; } } $p = new Person("Joe"); print($p->get_name()."\n"); $p->set_name("Jon"); print($p->get_name()."\n"); print("Before: ".$p->value."\n"); # Warning: unknown field $p->value = 23; # Fields can be introduced dynamically print("After: ".$p->value."\n");
The above outputs:
Joe Jon PHP Notice: Undefined property: Before: After: 23
Overloading (catching access to missing fields)
Special functions _get and _set are called when access to missing properties is detected. This can be used to implement dynamic classes that trap all field access.
class Dynamic { private $vars; public function __get($name) { print("Getting value of $name\n"); return $this->vars[$name]; } public function __set($name, $value) { print("Setting value of $name to $value\n"); $this->vars[$name] = $value; } } $d = new Dynamic(); $d->name = "joe"; print("$d->name\n");
The above code will output:
Setting value of name to joe Getting value of name joe
C#
Basic Example
class Person { private string name; public string Name { get { return this.name; } set { this.name = value; } } public static void Main(string[] args) { Person p = new Person(); p.Name = "Peter"; Console.Out.WriteLine(p.Name); } }
Auto properties
C# 3.0 introduces a short-hand syntax for declaring simple properties where the getter and setter simply access a private field. The above example can be rewritten as follows:
class Person { public string Name { get; set; } public static void Main(string[] args) { Person p = new Person(); p.Name = "Peter"; Console.Out.WriteLine(p.Name); } }
Modifiers and Attributes
Attributes (aka Annotations in Java) can be applied both to the property and its get/set accessors. Different visibility modifiers can be applied to the get and set accessors. The visibility of accessors must be at least as narrow as the visibility of the property.
class Person { [PropertyAttribute] public string Name { [GetterAttribute] protected get; [SetterAttribute] private set; } }
J#
.NET Syntax
public class Person { private String name; /** @property */ public String get_Name() { return this.name; } /** @property */ public void set_Name(String name) { this.name = name; } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p = new Person(); p.set_Name("Joe"); System.out.println(p.get_Name()); }
Requirements:
- The @property javadoc annotation is required.
- Both accessors must have the same visibility
- The return type of the getter and the argument type of the setter must be the same
- Attributes (annotations) are defined with javadoc tags to the accessor methods.
- @attribute applies the attribute to the property
- @attribute.method applies the attribute to the property accessor
Source: Defining and Using Properties http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/d0c0we7e(VS.80).aspx
Bean-style Syntax
public class Person { private String name; /**@attribute Description("Attribute on the property")*/<EMAIL_ADDRESS>Description("Attribute on get accessor")*/ /** @beanproperty */ public String getName() { return this.name; } /** @beanproperty */ public void setName(String name) { this.name = name; } public static void main(String[] args) { Person p = new Person(); p.setName("Joe"); System.out.println(p.getName()); }
Source: Bean-style Properties http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/f8yxzfy6(VS.80).aspx
VisualBasic.NET
Public Class Person Private name As String Public Property Name() As String Get Return name End Get Set (ByVal Value As String) name = value End Set End Property End Class Dim p As Person = new Person() Console.Out.WriteLine(p.Name)
Indexed Properties
Public Class Test ' Private storage for the objects in the Widgets ' collection (same for both implementations). Private mcol As New Collection Public Property Item(Index As Variant) As Widget Get Return mcol.Item(Index) End Get Set (Index As Variant, ByVal Value As String) mcol.Item(Index) = Value End Set End Property End Class ' Property Access Set Widgets.Item(4) = wdgMyNewWidget
Object Pascal
Properties can be read-write, read-only or write-only. Property accessors can be either methods or fields.
type TPerson = class private FName: String; FID: Integer; function GetName: String; procedure SetName(Value: String); public // Simple property (read & write directly from field) property ID: Integer read FID write FID; published // Published Properties appear in design environment // Read & write using methods (getter/setter) property Name: String read GetName write SetName; end; implementation function TPerson.GetName: String; begin GetName := Self.FName; end; function TPerson.SetName(Value: String); begin Self.FName := Value; end;
Array (Indexed) Properties
type TPerson = class private function GetPhoneNumber(Index: Integer): String; procedure SetPhoneNumber(Index: Integer; Value: String); public property PhoneNumbers[Index: Integer]: String read GetPhoneNumber write SetPhoneNumber; end;
Index Specifiers
From the Delphi Language Guide (book): “Index specifiers allow several properties to share the same access method while representing different values.”
type TRectangle = class private FCoordinates: array[0..3] of Longint; function GetCoordinate(Index: Integer): Longint; procedure SetCoordinate(Index: Integer; Value: Longint); public property Left: Longint index 0 read GetCoordinate write SetCoordinate; property Top: Longint index 1 read GetCoordinate write SetCoordinate; property Right: Longint index 2 read GetCoordinate write SetCoordinate; property Bottom: Longint index 3 read GetCoordinate write SetCoordinate; property Coordinates[Index: Integer]: Longint read GetCoordinate write SetCoordinate; end;
Visual Basic
'' Person.cls module file '' Class modules are saved in files with the extension .cls Option Explicit Private sName As String Private dDepartment As Department 'Department is a class Public Property Get Name() As String Name = sName End Property ' Let used for value types Public Property Let Name(ByVal NewName As String) Name = NewName End Property Public Property Get Department() As String Department = dDepartment End Property ' Set used for object types Public Property Set Department(ByRef NewDepartment As Department) Set Department = NewDepartment End Property
Using properties is easy:
Dim p As Person Set p = New Person ' Assign a new property value. p.Name = "John" ' Display the property value. MsgBox p.Name
Indexed Properties
' Private storage for the objects in the Widgets ' collection (same for both implementations). Private mcol As New Collection Public Property Get Item(Index As Variant) As Widget Set Item = mcol.Item(Index) End Property ' Property Access Set Widgets.Item(4) = wdgMyNewWidget
VBScript
Since version 5 VBScript supports the same syntax for properties as the one for Visual Basic described above.
Objective-C
@interface Person : NSObject { NSString *name; NSString *email; } @property(copy, readwrite) NSString *name; @property(copy, readwrite) NSString *email; @end @implementation Person @synthesize value; @dynamic email; - (NSString *)email { return email; } - (void)setEmail:(NSString *)newEmail { if (newEmail != email) { email = [newEmail copy]; } } @end Person *p = [[Person alloc] init]; // Access using dot syntax p.name = @"John"<EMAIL_ADDRESS>= @", p.name); // Access using method calls (messages [p setEmail<EMAIL_ADDRESS>NSLog([p email];
Subclassing
Subclasses can redefine properties and add accessors (change from readonly to read-write for example, reusing the inherited getter).
C++ (98 and 0x)
C++ (neither C++98, nor the new C++0x does not support properties as a language feature. However, due to the language’s extensibility, property objects with native-like syntax can, and have been implemented.
One example is Implementing Properties In C++. Here is how it works (examples copy-pasted from the article):
Declare class with properties:
class PropTest { public: PropTest() { Count.setContainer(this); Count.setter(&PropTest::setCount); Count.getter(&PropTest::getCount); } int getCount() { return m_nCount; } void setCount(int nCount) { m_nCount = nCount; } property<;PropTest,int,READ_WRITE> Count; private: int m_nCount; };
Use the class:
int i = 5, j; PropTest test; test.Count = i; // call the set method -- j = test.Count; //-- call the get method --
D
From http://www.digitalmars.com/d/property.html#classproperties
“Properties are member functions that can be syntactically treated as if they were fields. Properties can be read from or written to. A property is read by calling a method with no arguments; a property is written by calling a method with its argument being the value it is set to.”
struct Person { string name() { return m_name; } // read property string name(string value) { return m_name = name; } // write property private: string m_name; } // Access property int test() { Person p; p.name = "John"; // same as p.name("John"); p.name += " Martoz"; // COMPILE ERROR!!! Not allowed. return p.name + " Martoz"; // same as return p.name() + " Martoz"; }
More from spec:
“The absence of a read method means that the property is write-only. The absence of a write method means that the property is read-only. Multiple write methods can exist; the correct one is selected using the usual function overloading rules. In all the other respects, these methods are like any other methods. They can be static, have different linkages, be overloaded with methods with multiple parameters, have their address taken, etc. Note: Properties currently cannot be the lvalue of an op=, ++, or – operator. ”
Managed Extensions for C++ (.NET 1.0)
Example copied from http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/z974bes2(VS.71).aspx
// keyword__property.cpp // compile with: /clr #using <;mscorlib.dll> using namespace System; __gc class MyClass { public: MyClass() : m_size(0) {} __property int get_Size() { return m_size; } __property void set_Size(int value) { m_size = value; } // compiler generates a pseudo data member called Size protected: int m_size; }; int main() { MyClass* class1 = new MyClass; int curValue; Console::WriteLine(class1->Size); class1->Size = 4; // calls the set_Size function with value==4 Console::WriteLine(class1->Size); curValue = class1->Size; // calls the get_Size function Console::WriteLine(curValue); return 0; }
Indexed Properties
Indexed properties are also supported. Example copied from http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/aa712773(VS.71).aspx
// __property3.cpp // compile with: /clr #using <;mscorlib.dll> using namespace System; public __gc class X { public: __property int get_Prop(int i, int j) { return m_val - i - j; } __property void set_Prop(int i, int j, int value) { m_val = value + i + j; } int m_val; }; int main() { X* x = new X; x->Prop[1][2] = 3; Console::WriteLine(x->Prop[1][2]); }
Constraints
int __gc* pi = &pI->Size; // COMPILE ERROR: C2102: cannot get address of property member int g(IFC *pI) { int i = pI->Size = 10; } // COMPILE ERROR: C2440: cannot use as lvalue and rvalue at the same time
C++/CLI
Simple Properties
Scalar properties can be defined with implicit getter/setter and backing field like auto-properties in C# 3.0.
Example copied from http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/2f1ec0b1(VS.80).aspx
// SimpleProperties.cpp // compile with: /clr using namespace System; ref class C { public: property int Size; }; int main() { C^ c = gcnew C; c->Size = 111; Console::WriteLine("c->Size = {0}", c->Size); }
Scalar Properties
// mcppv2_property.cpp // compile with: /clr using namespace System; public ref class C { int MyInt; public: // property block property int Property_Block { int get(); void set(int value) { MyInt = value; } } }; int C::Property_Block::get() { return MyInt; } int main() { C ^ MyC = gcnew C(); MyC->Property_Block = 21; Console::WriteLine(MyC->Property_Block); }
Indexed Properties
Example copied from http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/52d21xwx(VS.80).aspx
// mcppv2_property_2.cpp // compile with: /clr using namespace System; public ref class C { array<;int>^ MyArr; public: C() { MyArr = gcnew array<;int>(5); } // user-defined indexer property int entry[int] { int get(int index) { return MyArr[index]; } void set(int index, int value) { MyArr[index] = value; } } }; int main() { C ^ MyC = gcnew C(); // use the user-defined indexer Console::Write("[ "); for (int i = 0 ; i <; 5 ; i++) { MyC->entry[i] = i * 2; Console::Write("{0} ", MyC->entry[i]); } Console::WriteLine("]"); }
Overloaded Indexed Properties
Example copied from http://msdn2.microsoft.com/en-us/library/52d21xwx(VS.80).aspx
// mcppv2_property_6.cpp // compile with: /clr ref class X { double d; public: X() : d(0.0) {} property double MyProp[int] { double get(int i) { return d; } double get(System::String ^ i) { return 2*d; } void set(int i, double l) { d = i * l; } } // end MyProp definition }; int main() { X ^ MyX = gcnew X(); MyX->MyProp[2] = 1.7; System::Console::WriteLine(MyX->MyProp[1]); // Outputs 3.4 System::Console::WriteLine(MyX->MyProp["test"]); // Outputs 6.8 }
Scala
Every data member access in scala is a method call. Scala also supports operator overloading. For these reasons, although properties are not a native feature of the language, the following idiom for defining properties in terms of getter/setter pairs has been defined http://www.scala-lang.org/docu/files/ScalaOverview.pdf
class Celsius { private var d: int = 0 def degree: int = d def degree_=(x: int): unit = if (x >= 273) d = x } val c = new Celsius; c.degree = c.degree - 1 // Access with dot operator like a field
F
Property definition and access:
type Person = class // private fields val mutable name : string val age : int // constructor new(aname, aage) = { name = aname; age = aage } // long syntax: read-write property member x.Name with get() = x.name and set(v) = x.name <;- v // short syntax: a read-only property member x.Age = x.age end ;; // Access property let p: Person = new Person("John", 23) System.Console.WriteLine(p.Name);; p.Name <;- "Peter" System.Console.WriteLine(p.Name);;
Smalltalk
Objects in Smalltalk only expose methods (message selectors) as public members and all instance variables are private. Properties are expressed as accessor methods for instance variables.
Class:
Object subclass: #Person instanceVariableNames: 'name' classVariableNames: '' poolDictionaries: '' category: 'My-Model'
Getter and Setter Methods:
name "Answer the value of name" ^ name name: anObject "Set the value of name" name := anObject
Test Case:
TestCase subclass: #PersonTestCase instanceVariableNames: '' classVariableNames: '' poolDictionaries: '' category: 'My-Tests' testPersonName | p | p := Person new. p name: 'John'. self should: p name = 'John'.
Eiffel
Ada
COBOL
ColdFusion
Common Lisp
Fortran
GraphTalk
Io
Oberon
Objective Caml
Oz
Tcl
Visual Prolog
Windows PowerShell
XL
Comments
Comment: 29.12.2007 at 02:20 PM, Anonymous
I would have thought that the compatibility / encapsulation side of properties should be spelled out, i.e. the reason why the getter/setter convention exists of just public exposed field. I think this link discusses that topic reasonably (in a python vs java context)


It was fourth of July, what better thing to do than take a ride up Blanca. We camped at the base of Blanca, so we had an early start up the trail. The group included John Jacobson(XJ), Steve Smith(CJ-7), Sean and Stacey Lazelle(EB), and myself and Diane(CJ-2A).
On the way up we passed a Colorado State Trooper in a full size Bronco with some passengers. When we came around the corner, there was a brand new Dodge Durango rolled hard. It turned out the Dodge rolled from a switch back further up the slope and the trooper was out to make a report.
Soon, we were at the first obstacle, Jaws 1. We all motored right over it and continued up to Jaws 2. Jaws 2 gave us a bit more of a work-out.
It took me a couple tries at it to work my flat fender over the obstacle. I had to get way high on the rocks on the left to work my short wheelbase jeep over the rocks. Sean had transmission problems. His trans wouldn't hook up over the steep rock pile, but he finally worked over. Steve got high centered and needed a strap. Long wheelbase ruled here, Jon just motored over with his XJ.
We all motored right up Jaws 2.5 and hit Jaws 3. I had to work a couple different lines on Jaws 3 before I got over. Seans trans was acting up again a bit on this obstacle. Steve and Jon just walked it.
After Jaws 3 it started raining, so we paused for a while and built a camp fire and cooked some brats. After filling up on nutritious lunch we continued up to the top. We easily made Jaws 4 and continued to Loon Lake. After hanging out a while, we headed back down the hill.


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Security Guidelines¶
We take security seriously. CodeIgniter incorporates a number of features and techniques to either enforce good security practices, or to enable you to do so easily.
We respect the Open Web Application Security Project (OWASP) and follow their recommendations as much as possible.
The following comes from OWASP Top Ten Cheat Sheet, identifying the top vulnerabilities for web applications. For each, we provide a brief description, the OWASP recommendations, and then the CodeIgniter provisions to address the problem.
A1 Injection¶
An injection is the inappropriate insertion of partial or complete data via the input data from the client to the application. Attack vectors include SQL, XML, ORM, code & buffer overflows.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: set correct content type, character set & locale
Submission: validate fields and provide feedback
Controller: sanitize input; positive input validation using correct character set
Model: parameterized queries
CodeIgniter provisions¶
HTTP library provides for input field filtering & content metadata
Form validation library
A2 Weak authentication and session management¶
Inadequate authentication or improper session management can lead to a user getting more privileges than they are entitled to.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: validate authentication & role; send CSRF token with forms
Design: only use built-in session management
Controller: validate user, role, CSRF token
Model: validate role
Tip: consider the use of a request governor
CodeIgniter provisions¶
Session library
HTTP library provides for CSRF validation
Easy to add third party authentication
A3 Cross Site Scripting (XSS)¶
Insufficient input validation where one user can add content to a web site that can be malicious when viewed by other users to the web site.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: output encode all user data as per output context; set input constraints
Controller: positive input validation
Tips: only process trustworthy data; do not store data HTML encoded in DB
CodeIgniter provisions¶
esc function
Form validation library
A4 Insecure Direct Object Reference¶
Insecure Direct Object References occur when an application provides direct access to objects based on user-supplied input. As a result of this vulnerability attackers can bypass authorization and access resources in the system directly, for example database records or files.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: don’t expose internal data; use random reference maps
Controller: obtain data from trusted sources or random reference maps
Model: validate user roles before updating data
CodeIgniter provisions¶
Form validation library
Easy to add third party authentication
A5 Security Misconfiguration¶
Improper configuration of an application architecture can lead to mistakes that might compromise the security of the whole architecture.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: harden web and application servers; use HTTP strict transport security
Controller: harden web and application servers; protect your XML stack
Model: harden database servers
CodeIgniter provisions¶
Sanity checks during bootstrap
A6 Sensitive Data Exposure¶
Sensitive data must be protected when it is transmitted through the network. Such data can include user credentials and credit cards. As a rule of thumb, if data must be protected when it is stored, it must be protected also during transmission.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: use TLS1.2; use strong ciphers and hashes; do not send keys or hashes to browser
Controller: use strong ciphers and hashes
Model: mandate strong encrypted communications with servers
CodeIgniter provisions¶
Session keys stored encrypted
A7 Missing Function Level Access Control¶
Sensitive data must be protected when it is transmitted through the network. Such data can include user credentials and credit cards. As a rule of thumb, if data must be protected when it is stored, it must be protected also during transmission.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: ensure that non-web data is outside the web root; validate users and roles; send CSRF tokens
Controller: validate users and roles; validate CSRF tokens
Model: validate roles
CodeIgniter provisions¶
Public folder, with application and system outside
HTTP library provides for CSRF validation
A8 Cross Site Request Forgery (CSRF)¶
CSRF is an attack that forces an end user to execute unwanted actions on a web application in which he/she is currently authenticated.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: validate users and roles; send CSRF tokens
Controller: validate users and roles; validate CSRF tokens
Model: validate roles
CodeIgniter provisions¶
HTTP library provides for CSRF validation
A9 Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities¶
Many applications have known vulnerabilities and known attack strategies that can be exploited in order to gain remote control or to exploit data.
OWASP recommendations¶
Don’t use any of these
CodeIgniter provisions¶
Third party libraries incorporated must be vetted
A10 Unvalidated Redirects and Forwards¶
Faulty business logic or injected actionable code could redirect the user inappropriately.
OWASP recommendations¶
Presentation: don’t use URL redirection; use random indirect references
Controller: don’t use URL redirection; use random indirect references
Model: validate roles
CodeIgniter provisions¶
HTTP library provides for …
Session library provides flashdata


--- layout: page title: Posts --- {% for post in site.posts %}
{{ post.date | date: "%B %e, %Y" }} | {{ post.category }}


Much of the tools used for medical animation are the same tools used in the visual effects industry. Booya!
Storyboards are previsualized keyframes of the final illustration. They set the key players and concepts and organize the storyline.
Key information gathered from the topic and test question are written to accompany the video. Voice over or onscreen text may accompany the final animation.
Each model is built in the virtual world. It's surface need to be described with color, material and texture. Lighting illuminates the scene to define the form and mood. A virtual camera captures the 3D environment, in some cases the camera is kept still so as not to confuse any story telling or compete with animation of objects on screen. Fundamental animation includes rotating, translating and scaling objects in space. Rigging is the term for the drivers of bone animation where underlaying forms deform the shapes viewed on screen.
Lights
Camera
Rigging
Rendering image sequence
In the production of an animation often many layers are created from various rendering sequences and overlaid information. Each one of these elements must be timed with keyframes to match the sequence. Text, leader lines and other descriptive overlays are also layered on at this time.
Note how the composition flows from layers right the final composition on the left.


Echo
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This is a allot of text that is a question about something, and the anser will be on the other side this card.
click here to see answer
This is the answeer to all of lifes questions.
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CS 1030 - Web page Project
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go ahead and click right below to see my project!
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NetflixParty Server Test
Data
User
ID:
Name:
Icon:
Session
ID:
Video Service:
Video ID:
Control Lock:
Owner ID:
Users
Actions
Authentication
Connect Normally
Connect Anonymously
Disconnect
Account
Change Name
Change Icon
Sessions
Create Session
Join Session
Leave Session
Chatroom


I worked on the flagship Serato DJ product within a Scrum team. I helped solve synchronisation problems between the Serato DJ software and the Roland DJ808's TR-S drum machine.
C++
Qt
QML
SQL
Windows
OSX
MIDI
GitLab
Jenkins
Developed new features on the software delivery platform (installation, updates) within a Scrum team, as part of Autodesk's transition to a subscription based business model.
C++
Windows
GitHub
Perforce
MFC
Serato is the world leader in DJ software. I worked on porting Serato DJ's UI to Qt on both Windows and OSX, within a Scrum team.
C++
Qt
QML
Windows
OSX
JIRA
Perforce
DPS builds Payment Express, New Zealand's leading payment solution. I worked on the integration of China Union Pay into DPS's payment system.
C++
Windows
MS-SQLServer
HTML
For OP3FT, I created a Python / GTK UI prototype on Linux. For Societe Generale, I have been hired to improve end to end latency on equity derivatives trading software.
C++
C#
Python
GTK
Linux
Windows
I led a scrum team to develop a co-located high frequency trading framework from scratch. We implemented DMA for Euronext & Liffe. I also acted as co-lead of the Trading Automatons team.
C++
Python
Java
TCP/UDP
Linux
Git
FIX
Maintenance and optimization on volatility trading and market making automatons (both UI and core). Helped the team migrate from CVS to Subversion, and to Jenkins as the main CI tool.
C++
C#
Windows
Subversion
Jenkins
Setup of a software factory from scratch (bug tracker, build, CI, packaging and installation), prototyping of an invoicing system in Python/Django.
Python
C#
Django
Windows
Jenkins
VMware
Perforce
MSBuild
I maintained and developed market data software and trading automatons on equity derivatives. I worked on both back end and front ends. I led a small team and designed market data APIs based on Reuters technology.
Python
C++
Java
Windows
Jenkins
Linux
Subversion
Reuters
Ant
Maven
Eclipse
Market data software on interest rate derivatives.
The main project I was in charge of was a tick by tick market data plant.
In a DevOps fashion, I maintained and made this system evolve throughout the years, and eventually designed an entirely new architecture to replace the legacy system.
I also worked on several end to end projects covering the full range of activities within my team,
including STP and contribution for the TradeWeb market, RFQ automatons (core and UI), and a UI for gamma-hedging automatons.
C/C++
C#
Perl
Windows
Bash
Solaris
Sybase
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Tibco
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WinForms


What did you learn from your 'mindfulness conversation'? How did the other person find it?
I really enjoyed it. Conversations really can be so much more meaningful when you slow down and really be present.
Which of the three suggested techniques will you use to sustain your practice?
Definately the walking meditation. I love walking and any opportunity to get outside so this one really appeals to me.
Any other musings?
Thats it from me!


THANKS. MISS MARY BAMBA ¡Miles de amigos con tus mismas aficiones! http://www.latinchat.com


FILM TITLE: FARINELLI DIRECTOR: GERARD CORBIAU COUNTRY: FRANCE,ITALY,BELGIUM 1994 CINEMATOGRAPHY: WALTHER VANDEN ENDE MUSIC: CHRISTOPHE ROUSSET CAST: Stefano Dionisi, Enrico LoVerso, Elsa Zylberstein, Caroline Cellier, Marianne Bondet, Graham Valentine, Pier Paolo Capponi, Jeoren Krabbe SUPER FEATURES: The music and the film.
!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
This is a film about Carlo & Ricardo Broschi, a famous pair in their heyday, when castrati were famous because they could carry a tune beyond the talents of many singers of the time. Farinelli, ( Carlo ) was at the time the best known of them, and he is given much credit for having made a lot of Handel's music famous, and to turn the famous musician's style from pretentious into something valuable and good.
It is the story of two brothers, one a composer and the other one a singer. The singer had been castrated in his younger days, to preserve the wonderful voice he had. And though most life around him was not very pleasant, he did make the best of it, until he achieved a certain amount of success, and from then on, the rest was history, as they say. The film, spends much time endorsing the voice part of its main character, but it also shows the underside, the unhappiness and the frustration which Farinelli lives under. In many ways, he can not satisfy a woman, and for many years, this job is left to his brother, until he marries. The film ends with his wife pregnant, but with his brother's child. Presumably the start of surrogate fatherhood.!!!
But that's degrading the film a little. This is a really well thought out film, which tries, in many ways to show that the other brother, the composer also had as much to do with his brother's rise, as he did in his brother's demise inside. It is never suggested, but there are hints that it wasn't the father that had his child castrated, but the older brother that had it done, after the father died, and the brother figured out how he could earn a living. It was the older brother that kept the two of them alive for a long time, by finding some work here and there, and later by entering competitions in fairs and the like, where they could show off in front of people. They are inevitably heard by people befitting a better social ranking, and that's when the story really starts.
The film has some very funny moments, given to the fainting of heart, and the various people who do not pay attention to the virtuoso singing. It is a moment that many of us, yes us, can easily feel threatened, but it is so true, and so well done. The such and such countess is eating and reading a book, not listening to him, and other some such events.
The exceptional mix of the music and the acting is what makes this film so nice, not to mention the outstanding costume party that the whole thing is. It's rare these days one gets to see a good period drama in full regalia, and this film fits the bill, and then some.
Very good film. Intense.
4 GIBLOONS
Copyright (c) Pedro Sena 1995. All Rights Reserved. Member of the Internet Movie Critics Association
The review above was posted to the
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I can write a bunch of text in here and it will be like a short paragraph. Use this when describing something, giving info, etc.
Use the "a href" tag for a link. Copy and paste the URL of the link
w3schools resorceImages are really easy to add. Create a folder called "img". Save images in img folder.
Use the"img src" tag.
Hello
Hell rain
This is red


The following paragraphs contain some OCL constraints which are evaluated live while this page loads. To create a use case, the following images shows two connected classes which describe the following: A person can own multiple cars. A car belongs to just one person. A car has a color. A person has a name as well as its age.
© Stephan Köninger


Newcastle's Lascelles out until New Year with knee injury
Newcastle United captain and defensive lynchpin Jamaal Lascelles has been ruled out until the New Year after picking up a knee injury in last Saturday's 2-1 victory over Bournemouth, the Premier League club said on Thursday.
REUTERS: Newcastle United captain and defensive lynchpin Jamaal Lascelles has been ruled out until the New Year after picking up a knee injury in last Saturday's 2-1 victory over Bournemouth, the Premier League club said on Thursday.
The 26-year-old centre back, who has started all 12 league games for the club this season scoring one goal, was injured in a clash with Bournemouth striker Callum Wilson and replaced by Paul Dummett in the first half.
Newcastle, who are 13th in the table with 15 points, will hope defenders Fabian Schar and Florian Lejeune will return from their own knee injuries in time for the league game with Aston Villa on Nov. 25.
(Reporting by Shrivathsa Sridhar in Bengaluru; Editing by Toby Davis)


Before Change
under a 90-degree step forcing.
Parameters: m, C=K/uB
def _predict(self, theta, params):
m, C, theta0, offset = map(np.real_if_close, params)
return 1/(m-1)*C**m*(np.cos(theta + offset)**(1-m)* \
self.F(m, theta + offset) \
- np.cos(theta + offset)**(1-m)* \
self.F(m, theta0 + offset))
After Change
"offset = {} > 0 will only lead to tears.").format(offset)
assert offset > -np.pi/2, (
"offset = {} < -pi/2 will only lead to tears.").format(offset)
assert np.cos(theta0 + offset) > 0, "We require cos(theta0 + offset) > 0."
assert C >= 0, (
"C = {} < 0 is not physical.").format(C)
assert m >= 0, (
"m < 0 is not physical.").format(m)


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Tic Tac Toe
...it's make it take it
O won
0
time(s)
X won
0
time(s)
#Ties
0
time(s)
- +
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Methods in this object are command/shell window processing handlers.
Requires
- module:JavaType.js
- module:system/System.js
- module:system/Command.js
Methods
(static) close(cmdObjects)
Close command window processing.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cmdObjects |
Object | stores cmdWin, cmdWait, and cmdLogger objects |
(static) initialize(localTempFilePrefix, printFlag, logFlag) → {Object}
Initialize cmdWin, cmdWait, and cmdLogger objects.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
localTempFilePrefix |
String | temporary file prefix; Optional |
printFlag |
boolean | print out command input and output during the command execution |
logFlag |
boolean | true if cmdWin.getCommandResult method needs to be called during the command execution |
Returns:
cmdWin, cmdWait, and cmdLogger objects are returned
- Type
- Object
(static) runItInAnotherCmd(func, tempFilePrefix, param1) → {Object}
Run a function in another instantiated command window.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
func |
function | executing function, which must have parameters of cmdWin, cmdWait, cmdLogger, and optionally fourth parameter. |
tempFilePrefix |
String | temporary file prefix |
param1 |
Object | the last parameter for the executing function-"func" parameter, which corresponds to the fourth parameter of the "func" parameter. |
Returns:
funtion's result
- Type
- Object


the and that with {background medical disease ecological was for margin {border-style ecology ideas px;} #ffffff;} had this from his scientific have infectious their were not these more pandemic perspectives what Life but medicine has history how study such Philosophy University about been into natural px; researchers {font-family Anderson The also between concept font-size interactions research science time understanding view when years Burnetâ€™s Dubos Mendelsohn Sciences./s--- can did double; ecologyâ€� even intellectual its networks one only other over particular point scientists which â€œecological (see Amramina Burnet Disease Dubosâ€™s History Jones May Mendelsohnâ€™s MÃ©thot Rockefeller This World animal border-color border-width disease, emerging epidemics first framework health laboratory public resistance see solid; than well who {font-style {font-weight (Anderson (Honigsbaum Biology./s--- COVID- Charles Dubos, Ecology Fennerâ€™s Furthermore, Harant Indeed, Lederberg New Press RenÃ© Soviet account biological biomedical bold came control could courier; current different em; historian historians historical influences key modern most origins parasite plague present pt;} result role since term they two viewâ€� virulence vision while â€œdisease


Secret share objects: provides API to perform operations on shares securly, wrap promises
and communication primitives to ensure operations are executed when shares are available (asynchrounously)
without requiring the user to perform promise management/synchronization.
- Source:
Members
(static) holders :array
Type:
- array
- Source:
(static) id :string
Type:
- string
- Source:
(static) jiff :jiff-instance
Type:
- Source:
(static) promise :promise
Type:
- promise
- Source:
(static) ready :boolean
Type:
- boolean
- Source:
(static) threshold :array
Type:
- array
- Source:
(static) value :number
Type:
- number
- Source:
(static) Zp :number
Type:
- number
- Source:
Methods
(static) add(o) → {secret-share}
Generic Addition.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cadd(cst) → {secret-share}
Addition with a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to add. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cdiv(cst, op_id) → {secret-share}
Integer divison with a share and a constant (self / cst).
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
secret-share | the constant to divide by. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cdivfac(cst) → {secret-share}
Division by a constant factor of the number represented by the share.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant by which to divide the share. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) ceq(cst, op_id) → {secret-share}
Equality test with a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to compare with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 0 if this = o, and 1 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cgt(cst, op_id) → {secret-share}
Greater than with a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to compare with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional].default ids suffice when all parties execute the instructions in the same order. [optional] |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this > cst, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cgteqn(cst, op_id) → {secret-share}
Greater than or equal with a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to compare with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this >= cst, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) change_threshold(threshold, op_id) → {share-object}
change of threshold for a single share
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
threshold |
number | the new threshold |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this multiplication (and internally, the corresponding beaver triplet). This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction. this ensures that every party gets a share from the same triplet for every matching instruction. An automatic id is generated by increasing a local counter, default ids suffice when all parties execute the instructions in the same order. [optional] |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result under the new threshold
- Type
- share-object
(static) clt(cst, op_id) → {secret-share}
Less than with a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to compare with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this < cst, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) clteq(cst, op_id) → {secret-share}
Less than or equal with a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to compare with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this <= cst, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cmult(cst) → {secret-share}
Multiplication by a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to multiply to this share. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cneq(cst, op_id) → {secret-share}
Unequality test with a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to compare with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 0 if this = o, and 1 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cor_bit(cst) → {secret-share}
bitwise-OR with a constant (BOTH BITS).
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant bit to OR with (0 or 1). |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) csub(cst) → {secret-share}
Subtraction with a constant.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant to subtract from this share. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) cxor_bit(cst) → {secret-share}
bitwise-XOR with a constant (BOTH BITS).
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
cst |
number | the constant bit to XOR with (0 or 1). |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) div(o, l, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic Integer Divison.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
l |
number | the maximum bit length of the two shares. [optional] |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) eq(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic Equals.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) error()
Logs an error.
- Source:
(static) gt(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic Greater than.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) gteq(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic Greater or equal.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) lt(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic Less than.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) lt_halfprime(op_id) → {secret-share}
Checks whether the share is less than half the field size.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) lteq(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic Less or equal.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) mult(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic Multiplication.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this multiplication (and internally, the corresponding beaver triplet). This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction. this ensures that every party gets a share from the same triplet for every matching instruction. An automatic id is generated by increasing a local counter, default ids suffice when all parties execute the instructions in the same order. Only used if secret multiplication is used. [optional] |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) neq(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic Not Equals.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) not() → {secret-share}
Negation of a bit.
This has to be a share of a BIT in order for this to work properly.
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result (negated bit).
- Type
- secret-share
(static) open(success, error) → {promise}
Reveals/Opens the value of this share.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
success |
function | the function to handle successful open. |
error |
function | the function to handle errors and error messages. [optional] |
- Source:
Throws:
error if share does not belong to the passed jiff instance.
Returns:
a (JQuery) promise to the open value of the secret.
- Type
- promise
(static) open_to(parties, success, error)
Reveals/Opens the value of this share to a specific array of parties.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
parties |
array | the ids of parties to reveal secret to. |
success |
function | the function to handle successful open. |
error |
function | the function to handle errors and error messages. [optional] |
- Source:
(static) or_bit(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Generic OR for bits (both this and o have to be bits to work correctly).
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly. Only used if secret or is used. [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) pick_promise(o) → {promise}
Joins the pending promises of this share and the given share.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the other share object. |
- Source:
Returns:
the joined promise for both shares (or whichever is pending).
- Type
- promise
(static) receive_share(value)
Receives the value of this share when ready.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
value |
number | the value of the share. |
- Source:
(static) refresh(op_id) → {secret-share}
Reshares/refreshes the sharing of this number, used before opening to keep the share secret.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
op_id |
string | the operation id with which to tag the messages sent by this refresh, by default an automatic operation id is generated by increasing a local counter, default operation ids suffice when all parties execute the instructions in the same order. [optional] |
- Source:
Returns:
a new share of the same number.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) sadd(o) → {secret-share}
Addition of two secret shares.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the share to add to this share. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) sdiv(o, l, op_id) → {secret-share}
Integer divison with two shares (self / o)
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the share to divide by. |
l |
number | the maximum bit length of the answer. [optional] |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) seq(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Equality test with two shares.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the share to compare with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this = o, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) sgt(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Greater than with another share.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the other share. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this > o, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) sgteq(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Greater than or equal with another share.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the other share. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this >= o, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) slt(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Less than with another share.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the other share. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this < o, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) slteq(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Less than or equal with another share.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the other share. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this <= o, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) smult(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Multiplication of two secret shares through Beaver Triplets.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the share to multiply with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this multiplication (and internally, the corresponding beaver triplet). This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction. this ensures that every party gets a share from the same triplet for every matching instruction. An automatic id is generated by increasing a local counter, default ids suffice when all parties execute the instructions in the same order. [optional] |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) smult_bgw(o, op_id) → {share-object}
Multiplication of two secret shares through BGW protocol.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
share-object | the share to multiply with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this multiplication (and internally, the corresponding beaver triplet). This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction. this ensures that every party gets a share from the same triplet for every matching instruction. An automatic id is generated by increasing a local counter, default ids suffice when all parties execute the instructions in the same order. [optional] |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- share-object
(static) sneq(o, op_id) → {secret-share}
Unequality test with two shares.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the share to compare with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result, the final result is 0 if this = o, and 1 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) sor_bit(o, op_id) → {secret-share|secret-share}
OR of two secret shares OF BITS.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the share to OR with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
-
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this < o, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
-
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) ssub(o) → {secret-share}
Subtraction of two secret shares.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the share to subtract from this share. |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) sub(o) → {secret-share}
Generic Subtraction.
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
- Source:
Returns:
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) sxor_bit(o, op_id) → {secret-share|secret-share}
bitwise-XOR of two secret shares OF BITS.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
secret-share | the share to XOR with. |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
-
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this < o, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
-
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share
(static) toString() → {string}
Gets a string representation of this share.
- Source:
Returns:
the id and value of the share as a string.
- Type
- string
(static) valueOf() → {number}
Gets the value of this share.
- Source:
Returns:
the value (undefined if not ready yet).
- Type
- number
(static) xor_bit(o, op_id) → {secret-share|secret-share}
Generic XOR for bits (both this and o have to be bits to work correctly).
Uses either the constant or secret version of this operator depending on type of paramter.
Parameters:
| Name | Type | Description |
|---|---|---|
o |
number/secret-share | the other operand (can be either number or share). |
op_id |
string | the operation id which is used to identify this operation. This id must be unique, and must be passed by all parties to the same instruction, to ensure that corresponding instructions accross different parties are matched correctly. Only used if secret xor is used. [optional]. |
- Source:
Returns:
-
this party's share of the result, the final result is 1 if this < o, and 0 otherwise.
- Type
- secret-share
-
this party's share of the result.
- Type
- secret-share


Homan escapes with 7-6 win over Rocque in Draw 1 of Tour Challenge
by The Canadian PressNEW GLASGOW, N.S. -- Ottawa's Rachel Homan scored a deuce in the eighth end to slip past Edmonton's Kelsey Rocque 7-6 on Tuesday in the first draw of the Tour Challenge.
Homan scored four in the fourth end to take a 5-2 lead in her first match of the Grand Slam of Curling event.
Rocque answered back with three in the fifth and a single in the sixth to take a 6-5 lead. After a scoreless seventh end Homan made her deuce for the win.
In the other women's match of the day, Sayaka Yoshimura and Satsuki Fujisawa, both from Japan, played to a 5-5 draw.
On the men's side, John Shuster of the United States downed Scotland's Bruce Mouat 7-5 and Brad Gushue of St. John's N.L. topped Scott McDonald of Kingston, Ont. 6-4.


The Latest: Suspect in custody in Alabama sheriff’s death
by The Associated PressHAYNEVILLE, Ala. — The Latest on the shooting death of an Alabama sheriff (all times local):
1:35 a.m.
State authorities have taken a suspect in the shooting death of an Alabama sheriff into custody.
Authorities say Lowndes County Sheriff John Williams was shot and killed Saturday night at a gas station. The Alabama Law Enforcement Agency had issued an emergency alert seeking 18-year-old William Chase Johnson.
While the alert didn’t mention the shooting, state law enforcement authorities on the scene confirmed to news outlets that Johnson was wanted in connection with the shooting at the QV station. The alert was cancelled early Sunday, with a note saying Johnson was in custody.
A Montgomery Advertiser reporter on the scene tweeted that Johnson walked up to the shooting scene just after midnight with a firearm in hand and was taken into custody.
12:25 a.m.
Police have identified a suspect in connection with the shooting death of an Alabama sheriff at a gas station.
Gov. Kay Ivey tweeted late Saturday that Lowndes County Sheriff John Williams had been “tragically killed” in the line of duty. State law enforcement authorities had issued what they called an “emergency BLUE alert” saying they were seeking an 18-year-old man last seen at a QV gas station in the area around the time of the shooting.
The commander of the state troopers’ Montgomery post, Steve Jarrett, later confirmed the shooting took place at the QV station and that the person sought was a suspect in Williams’ death. That person has been identified as William Chase Johnson.
Lowndes County is just southwest of Montgomery. Williams was first elected sheriff in 2010.
The Associated Press


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SensESP
0.5.1
Universal Signal K sensor framework for ESP8266 and ESP32
Classes
enable.h File Reference
#include <stdint.h>
#include <queue>
#include "
sensesp.h
"
Include dependency graph for enable.h:
This graph shows which files directly or indirectly include this file:
Go to the source code of this file.
Classes
class
Enable
src
system
enable.h
Generated by
1.8.20


This is a internal lib file. It will be included at the head of cleaner.litcoffee.
"use strict";
always first :)
'use strict'
Let the help message more colorful~
require 'colors'
Use Yargs to build the argv function and help display.
yargs = require('yargs')
Print the common descriptions.
.usage '''
This application will append extra extname to all filtered out JPG files.
Then you can check the result by your OS\'s search function easily.
In case there is anything wrong, you can rollback.
The default destination is here.
P.S. The priority among -l, -d & -r is -l > -d > -r
''' +
'Usage: clean-jpg [--options] [destination]'.cyan
Set the extname(s) of your RAW files.
You can give a comma-separated list of extnames (e.g. -x nef,cr2,dng
).
Besides, this is case-insensitive.
My default is “ARW,RW2,NEF“, because I own 2 Sony, 1 Panasonic, and my Dad owns 2 Nikon :)
.options 'x',
alias: 'extname'
describe: """
the extname(s) of your RAW files, case-#{'IN'.yellow}sensitive
a comma-seperated list is acceptable
#{'e.g. "-x nef,cr2,dng"'.cyan}
"""
default: 'arw,rw2,nef'
The extname can be overridden if you want. But we still suggest you can use a outstanding name to prevent confusion with others. Usually a name will be as safe as long.
.options 'r',
alias: 'rename'
default: 'extra-jpg-cleaner-result'
describe: 'the extname used when renaming\n'
Delete the files DIRECTLY.
The default behavior of this application is rename the target files then you can check it manually. It’s for safety purpose.
This will require a complex confirmation.
.options 'd',
alias: 'delete'
boolean: true
describe: '!!!CAUTION!!!\n'.yellow.bold +
"""
Delete DIRECTLY w/ a single confirmation
instead of confirming one by one.
It WON'T move your files to the recycle bin
or trash can.
Generally this operation will be unrecoverable.
Try this only if you think your luck is overwhelming.
Incase something goes wrong,
go to buy an EasyRecovery or something similar.
Then test your overwhelming luck again...
"""
Delete the files DIRECTLY with only a simple confirmation.
Same as -d
but will just ask a simple Y/N
.
.options 'D',
alias: 'delete-directly'
boolean: true
describe: '!!!CAUTION!!!\n'.red.bold +
"""
Same as "-d" but with
only even simpler "Y/N" confirmation.
"""
For such a application (who do the cleanup jobs), allow user to dry run is a good idea.
.options 'l',
alias: 'list'
describe: 'just print a list of result, will NOT delete anything'
boolean: true
Give more messages… Actually will print every file when renaming / deleting.
.options 'v',
alias: 'verbose'
describe: 'print when renaming / deleting'
boolean: true
Print the help text.
.options 'h',
alias: 'help'
describe: 'print this help message'
boolean: true
Change a new line at the 80th character.
.wrap 80
Exports the whole yargs instance.
As a result, all properties & results of that are available.
module.exports = yargs


DatastoreStore Class Reference
Inherits openid::store::interface::OpenIDStore.
Detailed Description
An OpenIDStore implementation that uses the datastore. See
openid/store/interface.py for in-depth descriptions of the methods.
They follow the OpenID python library's style, not Google's style, since
they override methods defined in the OpenIDStore class.
Definition at line 55 of file store.py.
Member Function Documentation
Shortcut for C{L{cleanupNonces}()}, C{L{cleanupAssociations}()}.
This method is not called in the normal operation of the
library. It provides a way for store admins to keep
their storage from filling up with expired data.
Definition at line 175 of file store.py.
| def cleanupAssociations |
( |
|
self |
) |
|
Remove expired associations from the store.
This method is not called in the normal operation of the
library. It provides a way for store admins to keep
their storage from filling up with expired data.
@return: the number of associations expired.
@returntype: int
Definition at line 162 of file store.py.
| def cleanupNonces |
( |
|
self |
) |
|
Remove expired nonces from the store.
Discards any nonce from storage that is old enough that its
timestamp would not pass L{useNonce}.
This method is not called in the normal operation of the
library. It provides a way for store admins to keep
their storage from filling up with expired data.
@return: the number of nonces expired.
@returntype: int
Definition at line 146 of file store.py.
| def getAssociation |
( |
|
self, |
|
|
|
server_url, |
|
|
|
handle = None | |
|
) |
| | |
This method returns an C{L{Association <openid.association.Association>}}
object from storage that matches the server URL and, if specified, handle.
It returns C{None} if no such association is found or if the matching
association is expired.
If no handle is specified, the store may return any association which
matches the server URL. If multiple associations are valid, the
recommended return value for this method is the one that will remain valid
for the longest duration.
Definition at line 73 of file store.py.
| def removeAssociation |
( |
|
self, |
|
|
|
server_url, |
|
|
|
handle | |
|
) |
| | |
This method removes the matching association if it's found, and returns
whether the association was removed or not.
Definition at line 98 of file store.py.
| def storeAssociation |
( |
|
self, |
|
|
|
server_url, |
|
|
|
association | |
|
) |
| | |
This method puts a C{L{Association <openid.association.Association>}}
object into storage, retrievable by server URL and handle.
Definition at line 63 of file store.py.
| def useNonce |
( |
|
self, |
|
|
|
server_url, |
|
|
|
timestamp, |
|
|
|
salt | |
|
) |
| | |
Called when using a nonce.
This method should return C{True} if the nonce has not been
used before, and store it for a while to make sure nobody
tries to use the same value again. If the nonce has already
been used or the timestamp is not current, return C{False}.
You may use L{openid.store.nonce.SKEW} for your timestamp window.
@change: In earlier versions, round-trip nonces were used and
a nonce was only valid if it had been previously stored
with C{storeNonce}. Version 2.0 uses one-way nonces,
requiring a different implementation here that does not
depend on a C{storeNonce} call. (C{storeNonce} is no
longer part of the interface.)
@param server_url: The URL of the server from which the nonce
originated.
@type server_url: C{str}
@param timestamp: The time that the nonce was created (to the
nearest second), in seconds since January 1 1970 UTC.
@type timestamp: C{int}
@param salt: A random string that makes two nonces from the
same server issued during the same second unique.
@type salt: str
@return: Whether or not the nonce was valid.
@rtype: C{bool}
Definition at line 107 of file store.py.
The documentation for this class was generated from the following file:


Forrester
This page contains an index of all the individuals in the database with the surname of Forrester. Selecting the person’s name will take you to that person’s individual page.
| Given Name | Birth | Death | Partner | Parents |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alan Warwick | 1905-03-21 | 1965 | Madden, Beverley Doreen “Bonnie” | Forrester, Charles Albert Gray, Margaret Ethel "Peggy" |
| Amy Beryl | 1911 | 2000-08-31 | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel | |
| Ann Gloria | 1931-01-30 | 1996-10-18 | Rasmussen, Lionel Keith | Forrester, William Charles Brandon, May Joyce |
| Betty | b after 1918 | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel | ||
| Blanche C. | 1898 | , unknown | ||
| Charles Albert | 1874 | 1939-09-15 | Gray, Margaret Ethel “Peggy” | Forrester, William Dargin, Emily Maria |
| Clive Dargin | 1906-11-30 | 1972-02-14 | Coleman, Beryl Elsie | Forrester, Charles Albert Gray, Margaret Ethel "Peggy" |
| David Murray | 1914 | 1998-05-30 | Huntriss, Marie J. | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel |
| Doris A. | 1902 | Forrester, Charles Albert Gray, Margaret Ethel "Peggy" | ||
| Edith Mary | 1869-01-28 | 1869-02-10 | Forrester, William Bootle, Sarah | |
| Edith Wright | 1906 | 1996-06-29 | Bickell, Edmond D.R. | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel |
| Eileen E. | 1897 | 1897 | , unknown | |
| Ellie May | 1881 | 1970-10-08 | Forrester, William Dargin, Emily Maria | |
| Florrie Louisa | 1876 | 1953-04-10 | Pearson, George Seymour | Forrester, William Dargin, Emily Maria |
| Francis J. | 1901 | , unknown | ||
| Gertie Emily | 1877 | 1947-10-29 | Forrester, William Dargin, Emily Maria | |
| Isabella Jane | 1864-10-05 | 1908-02-16 | Parsons, Henry Thomas | Forrester, William Bootle, Sarah |
| Jean | 1916 | 1987-08-17 | Carr, Ernest | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel |
| Joseph C.N. | 1894 | 1894 | , unknown | |
| Kathleen | 1905 | 1905 | , unknown | |
| Martha Mary | 1908 | 1989-11-02 | Leggatt, David Morton | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel |
| Mary A. | 1903 | , unknown | ||
| Mary Evelyn | 1904 | 1986-06-24 | Whatley, Charles R. | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel |
| Minnie Sophia | 1873 | 1874 | Forrester, William Dargin, Emily Maria | |
| William | 1803-06-28 | 1869-12-22 | Caroll, Maria, Bootle, Sarah | |
| William | 1842-08-26 | 1901-08-23 | Dargin, Emily Maria | Forrester, William Caroll, Maria |
| William Charles | 1903-03-05 | 1960-11-08 | Brandon, May Joyce | Forrester, Charles Albert Gray, Margaret Ethel "Peggy" |
| William Davies | 1886 | about 1951 | Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel | Forrester, William Dargin, Emily Maria |
| [Living] | Smith, Bruce St.John “B.J.” | Forrester, William Charles Brandon, May Joyce | ||
| [Living] | Forrester, Clive Dargin Coleman, Beryl Elsie | |||
| [Living] | ||||
| [Living] | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel | |||
| [Living] | Forrester, William Davies Pearson, Lilly Caroline Mabel |


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Military force pedestrians to use Madina-Adentan footbridges
The Madina-Adentan footbridges have recorded a massive increase in usage following the intervention of military personnel this week.
The military personnel stormed the area after another pedestrian was knocked down by a speeding vehicle while trying to cross the road three days ago.
Over 50 pedestrians were arrested last month by the Madina Police for failure to use the facility.
Authorities awarded construction of the footbridges in November 2018 following a series of protests as a result of the high death toll of road users knocked down on the stretch.
However, after its completion, residents still refused to use the footbridges citing its long zigzagged path till the military arrived.
Residents told Joy News’ Piesie Nana Yaw Gyimah Friday, that they are happy the military was brought in to enforce the law.
A pedestrian who only gave his name as Mantey attributed the behaviour to sheer indiscipline and applauded the military in getting the pedestrians to do the right thing.
“When the cars were knocking down people we asked for the bridge to be constructed, and since that has been done, no matter how it looks like, we must use it”, he said.
However, another pedestrian expressed displeasure about the bridge saying it was too long, making it laborious to use and called on government to do something about it.
“If I were to rate the construction of this footbridge, I will only give it 40 per cent because it is very bad. To go around all these steps before finally descending leaves much to be desired.
“Also, there is no light on it making it risky to use in the evening. I don’t think it’s good. They have to do something about it,” the resident said.
Though the military may have succeeded in getting people to use the bridge, some residents say when they (the soldiers) leave the scene, pedestrians return to the street.
Some residents have, therefore, called for a permanent solution to get the pedestrians off the road.


Keyword: attribute
An attribute declares some practical aspect of the way an object is treated by the various Ivy commands. Typically these relate to code extraction.
Attributes may name a dot-separated object name prefix, in which case they apply only to the named object. If there is no prefix provided, they apply the object enclosing their declaration.
The following attributes are currently supported:
weight
: provides (as a double-quoted string) a floating-point weight between"0"
and"1"
that biases the execution of actions in an extracted randomized tester (as generated by ivy_to_cpp command)test
: provides the name of an object to generate tests for, in an extracted randomized tester.method
: specifies the preferred method of verifying an isolate. Equivalent to passing themethod
option on the command-line to ivy_check.separate
: controls theory separation in model checking when usingmethod=mc
iterable
: instructs code extraction to iterate over values of an uninterpreted typet
in generated code by calling functionst.iter.create(int)
,t.iter.is_end(int)
, andt.iter.next(int)
.cardinality
: instructs code extraction to calculate the cardinality of an uninterpreted typet
in generated code by consulting variablet.cardinality
, which should be an integer.radix
: controls the output formatting of trace messages in extracted code. The only legal non-default value is16
, which causes printing in hexadecimal.override
: specifies a sort to interpret an uninterpreted type as during code extraction.cppstd
: specifies the C++ standard used in code extraction, the only legal non-default action is the symbolcpp11
libspec
: specifies a comma-separated list of libraries to link with the system linker when linking extracted codemacro_finder
: equivalent to passing themacro_finder
option to ivy_check
Example:
object t = {
attribute cardinality = 5
attribute method = mc
}
attribute t.weight = "0.1"


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